@prefix dpo: <http://purl.org/twc/dpo/ont/> .
@prefix dpo-kb: <http://purl.org/twc/dpo/kb/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix ncit: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_> .
@prefix loinc: <http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/LNC/>.
@prefix chebi: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_> .
@prefix symp: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_> .
@prefix efo: <http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_> .
@prefix hp: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_> .
@prefix sio: <http://semanticscience.org/resource/> .

<http://purl.org/twc/dpo/ont/diabetes_pharmacology_ontology.ttl>
    rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
    dct:title "Diabetes Pharmacology Ontology"^^xsd:string ;
    dct:creator "Sabbir M. Rashid"^^xsd:string ;
    dct:contributor "Deborah L. McGuinness"^^xsd:string , "Jamie McCusker"^^xsd:string , "Oshani Seneviratne"^^xsd:string, "Daniel Gruen"^^xsd:string ;
    dct:created "2022-06-08T18:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;
    dct:modified "2022-12-18T18:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;
    dct:description "The Diabetes Pharmacology Ontology contains the classes needed to describe antihyperglycemic therapies."^^xsd:string ;
    dct:license <http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> ;
    owl:versionIRI <http://purl.org/twc/dpo/ont/1.0> .

dpo:TherapyPlanningComponent rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Therapy Planning Component" .
    
dpo:PharmacotherapyFactor rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TherapyPlanningComponent ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C18228 ;
    rdfs:label "Pharmacotherapy Factor" ;
    rdfs:comment "A circumstance influencing the treatment of a disease through the use or recommendation of one or more drugs."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Therapy-related factors identified include: route of administration, treatment complexity, duration of treatment period, medication side effects, degree of behavioral change required, taste of medication and requirement for drug storage. [Definition Source: url:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2503662/ ]"^^xsd:string .

    
dpo:DiagnosticFactor rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TherapyPlanningComponent ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C19591 ;
    rdfs:label "Diagnostic Factor" ;
    rdfs:comment "A circumstance influencing the dianosis of a disease."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A biological, physiological, behavioral, or molecular indicator of the presence or predisposition towards development of a specific disease. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .
    
dpo:PatientCharacteristic rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:DiagnosticFactor ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C25447 ;
    rdfs:label "Patient Characteristic" ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The distinguishing qualities or prominent aspect of a person. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Therapy rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TherapyPlanningComponent ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C49236 ;
    rdfs:label "Therapy"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An action or administration of therapeutic agents to produce an effect that is intended to alter or stop a pathologic process. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:TestFinding rdf:type owl:Class ; 
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:DiagnosticFactor ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C25209 ;
    rdfs:label "Test Finding"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "A finding or categorization surmised from recorded measurements."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Annotation used to indicate the size or magnitude of something that was determined by comparison to a standard. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Symptom rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PatientCharacteristic ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000462 ;
    rdfs:label "Symptom"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A symptom is a perceived change in function, sensation, loss, disturbance or appearance reported by a patient indicative of a disease. [ url:https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-4789-1_5 url:https://www.nature.com/subjects/signs-and-symptoms url:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/symptom ][Definition Source: SYMP:0000462]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:hasTreatmentPreference rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has therapy preference"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:range dpo:Therapy .

dpo:hasTreatmentAversion rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has therapy aversion"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:range dpo:Therapy .

dpo:hasDiagnosis rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute ;
    rdfs:label "has diagnosis"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:range dpo:Disease .

dpo:hasTherapy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute ;
    rdfs:label "has therapy"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:range dpo:Therapy .

dpo:NutritionMetabolismAndDevelopmentSymptom rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Symptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000473 ;
    rdfs:label "Nutrition Metabolism and Development Symptom"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "A symptom involving the nutrition, metabolism, and/or development system."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Symptoms concerning nutrition metabolism and development [include:] A disorder characterized by a loss of appetite; An abnormal loss of the appetite for food. Anorexia can be caused by cancer, aids, a mental disorder (i.e., anorexia nervosa), or other diseases; Clinical manifestation consisting of a physiopathological lack or loss of appetite accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat; Loss of appetite; The lack or loss of appetite accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder anorexia nervosa. [Definition Source: url:http://www.icd9data.com/2013/Volume1/780-799/780-789/783/default.htm ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Polydipsia rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:NutritionMetabolismAndDevelopmentSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000560 ;
    rdfs:label "Polydipsia"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Polydipsia is a nutrition, metabolism, and development symptom characterized by an excessive or abnormal thirst. [ url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=polydipsia ][Definition Source: SYMP:0000560]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Polyphagia rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:NutritionMetabolismAndDevelopmentSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000524 ;
    rdfs:label "Polyphagia"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Polyphagia is a nutrition, metabolism, and development symptom characterized by an excessive appetite or eating. [ url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=polyphagia ][Definition Source: SYMP:0000524]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:BodyMassIndexFinding rdf:type owl:Class ; 
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TestFinding ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C138901 ;
    rdfs:label "Body Mass Index Finding"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The result of a body mass index measurement. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:BloodGlucoseMeasurement rdf:type owl:Class ; 
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TestFinding ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C92744 ;
    rdfs:label "Blood Glucose Measurement"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A quantitative measurement for assessing the amount of glucose present in a blood sample. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:CholesterolMeasurement rdf:type owl:Class ; 
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TestFinding ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C105586 ;
    rdfs:label "Cholesterol Measurement"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The determination of the amount of total cholesterol present in a sample. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:TriglycerideMeasurement rdf:type owl:Class ; 
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TestFinding ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C64812 ;
    rdfs:label "Triglyceride Measurement"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A quantitative measurement of the amount of triglyceride present in a sample. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Underweight rdf:type owl:Class ; 
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BodyMassIndexFinding ;
    owl:equivalentClass efo:0005936 ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( ncit:C138901 
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:UnderweightBMIRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Underweight"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "BMI<18.5"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The quantification of weight/height relationships below a certain threshold that classes an individual as underweight. This threshold may vary based on an individual's ethnicity but is commonly considered in European populations to correspond to a BMI < 18. [Definition Source: EFO:0005936]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:UnderweightBMIRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Underweight BMI Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "18.5"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:NormalWeight rdf:type owl:Class ; 
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BodyMassIndexFinding ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( ncit:C138901 
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:NormalWeightBMIRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Normal Weight"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "18.5<BMI<24.9"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "BMI greater than or equal to 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m^2 [Definition Source: url:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541070/ ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:NormalWeightBMIRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Normal Weight BMI Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "18.5"^^xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "24.9"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:Overweight rdf:type owl:Class ; 
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BodyMassIndexFinding ;
    owl:equivalentClass efo:0005935 ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( ncit:C138901 
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:OverweightBMIRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Overweight"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "25<BMI<30"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The quantification of weight/height relationships above a certain threshold that classes an individual as overweight. This threshold may vary based on an individual's ethnicity but is commonly considered to correspond in European populations to a 25<BMI<30. [Definition Source: EFO:0005935]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:OverweightBMIRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Overweight BMI Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "25"^^xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "30"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:Obese rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BodyMassIndexFinding ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( ncit:C138901 
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:ObeseBMIRange ] ) ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C3283 , efo:0007041;
    rdfs:label "Obese"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "30<BMI"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Having a high amount of body fat (body mass index [BMI] of 30 or more). [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The quantification of weight/height relationships above a certain threshold that classes an individual as overweight. This threshold may vary based on an individual's ethnicity but is commonly considered to correspond in European populations to a BMI > 30. [Definition Source: EFO:0007041]" .

dpo:ObeseBMIRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Obese BMI Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "30"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:PrediabetesFastingBloodGlucoseLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BloodGlucoseMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:1558-6 
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:PrediabetesFastingBloodGlucoseRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Prediabetes Fasting Blood Glucose Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment " impaired fasting glucose"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "FPG 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) to 125 mg/dL (6.9 mmol/L). [Definition Source: url:https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-S002 ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:PrediabetesFastingBloodGlucoseRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Prediabetes Fasting Blood Glucose Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "100"^^xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "125"^^xsd:decimal .
    
dpo:DiabetesFastingBloodGlucoseLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BloodGlucoseMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:1558-6 
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:DiabetesFastingBloodGlucoseRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Diabetes Fasting Blood Glucose Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "FPG ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L). [Definition Source: url:https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-S002 ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:DiabetesFastingBloodGlucoseRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Diabetes Fasting Blood Glucose Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "126"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:PrediabetesTwoHourBloodGlucoseLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BloodGlucoseMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:1518-0 
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:PrediabetesTwoHourBloodGlucoseRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Prediabetes Two Hour Blood Glucose Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "impaired glucose tolerance"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "2-h PG during 75-g OGTT 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) to 199 mg/dL (11.0 mmol/L). [Definition Source: url:https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-S002 ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:PrediabetesTwoHourBloodGlucoseRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Prediabetes Two Hour Blood Glucose Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "140"^^xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "199"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:DiabetesTwoHourBloodGlucoseLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BloodGlucoseMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:1518-0 
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:DiabetesTwoHourBloodGlucoseRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Diabetes Two Hour Blood Glucose Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "2-h PG ≥200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) during OGTT. [Definition Source: url:https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-S002 ]"^^xsd:string .
    
dpo:DiabetesTwoHourBloodGlucoseRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Diabetes Two Hour Blood Glucose Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "200"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:PrediabetesHbA1CLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BloodGlucoseMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:59261-8 
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:PrediabetesHbA1CRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Prediabetes HbA1C Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A1C 5.7–6.4% (39–47 mmol/mol). [Definition Source: url:https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-S002 ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:PrediabetesHbA1CRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Prediabetes HbA1C Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "117.58"^^xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "138.62"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:DiabetesHbA1CLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BloodGlucoseMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:59261-8
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:DiabetesHbA1CRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Diabetes HbA1C Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A1C ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol). [Definition Source: url:https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-S002 ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:DiabetesHbA1CRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Diabetes HbA1C Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "141.25"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:VeryHighHbA1CLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:BloodGlucoseMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:59261-8
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:VeryHighHbA1CRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Very High HbA1C Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A1C ≥ 9%"^^xsd:string .

dpo:VeryHighHbA1CRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Very High HbA1C Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "215"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:OptimalLDLLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:CholesterolMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:2089-1
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:OptimalLDLRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Optimal LDL Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:OptimalLDLRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Optimal LDL Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "100"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:NearOptimalLDLLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:CholesterolMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:2089-1
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:NearOptimalLDLRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Near Optimal LDL Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:NearOptimalLDLRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Near Optimal LDL Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "100"^^xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "129"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:BorderlineHighLDLLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:CholesterolMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:2089-1
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:BorderlineHighLDLRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Borderline High LDL Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:BorderlineHighLDLRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Borderline High LDL Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "130"^^xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "159"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:HighLDLLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:CholesterolMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:2089-1
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:HighLDLRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "High LDL Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:HighLDLRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "High LDL Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "160"^^xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "189"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:VeryHighLDLLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:CholesterolMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:2089-1
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:VeryHighLDLRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Very High LDL Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:VeryHighLDLRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Very High LDL Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "190"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:NormalTriglycerideLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TriglycerideMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:12228-3
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:NormalTriglycerideRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Normal Triglyceride Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:NormalTriglycerideRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Normal Triglyceride Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "149"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:BorderlineHighTriglycerideLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TriglycerideMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:12228-3
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:BorderlineHighTriglycerideRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Borderline High Triglyceride Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:BorderlineHighTriglycerideRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Borderline High Triglyceride Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "150"^^xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "199"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:HighTriglycerideLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TriglycerideMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:12228-3
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:HighTriglycerideRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "High Triglyceride Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:HighTriglycerideRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "High Triglyceride Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "200"^^xsd:decimal ;
    owl:maxInclusive "499"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:VeryHighTriglycerideLevel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:TriglycerideMeasurement ;
    owl:intersectionOf
            ( loinc:12228-3
              [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                owl:allValuesFrom dpo:VeryHighTriglycerideRange ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "Very High Triglyceride Level"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:VeryHighTriglycerideRange rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
    rdfs:label "Very High Triglyceride Range" ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal ;
    owl:minInclusive "500"^^xsd:decimal .

dpo:UrinarySystemSymptom rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Symptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000486 ;
    rdfs:label "Urinary System Symptom"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "A symptom involving the urinary system."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Symptoms of urinary disorders vary from person to person and based on the cause of the disorders. Common urinary symptoms include: Abdominal cramping; Abdominal, pelvic or back pain that can be severe; Bloody or pink-colored urine (hematuria); Cloudy urine; Fever and chills; Foul-smelling urine; Frequent urination; General ill feeling; Leaking of urine; Pain during sexual intercourse; Pain or burning with urination (dysuria); Unexplained weight loss; Urgent need to urinate. [Definition Source: url:https://www.healthgrades.com/right-care/kidneys-and-the-urinary-system/urinary-disorders ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Polyuria rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:UrinarySystemSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000565 ;
    rdfs:label "Polyuria"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A urinary system symptom that is characterized by the excessive secretion of urine. [ url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=polyuria ][Definition Source: SYMP:0000565]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Dysuria rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:UrinarySystemSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000485 ;
    rdfs:label "Dysuria"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A urinary system symptom that is characterized by the difficult, or painful, discharge of urine. [ url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=dysuria ][Definition Source: SYMP:0000485]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:UrinaryTractInfection rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:UrinarySystemSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C50791 ;
    rdfs:label "Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A bacterial infectious process affecting any part of the urinary tract, most commonly the bladder and the urethra. Symptoms include urinary urgency and frequency, burning sensation during urination, lower abdominal discomfort, and cloudy urine. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:FrequentUrination rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:UrinarySystemSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000563 , hp:0100515;
    rdfs:label "Frequent Urination"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Increased frequency of urination. [Definition Source: HP:0100515]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:FoulUrine rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:UrinarySystemSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass hp:0012088;
    rdfs:label "Foul Urine"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A deviation from the normal odor of the urine. [Definition Source: HP:0012088]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:VisionSymptom rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Symptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000320 ;
    rdfs:label "Vision Symptom"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "A symptom involving visual impairment."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:BlurredVision rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:VisionSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000012 ;
    rdfs:label "Blurred Vision"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A vision symptom that is characterized by a decreased clarity or sharpness in vision, which can be caused by eye conditions myopia or hyperopia. [Definition Source: SYMP:0000012]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:NeurologicalAndPhysiologicalSymptom rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Symptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000410 ;
    rdfs:label "Neurological and Physiological Symptom"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:Fatigue rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:NeurologicalAndPhysiologicalSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0019177 ;
    rdfs:label "Fatigue"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Fatigue is a neurological and physiological symptom characterized by a weariness or exhaustion from labor, exertion, or stress. [ url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=fatigue ][Definition Source: SYMP:0019177]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:MusculoskeletalSystemSymptom rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Symptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000891 ;
    rdfs:label "Musculoskeletal System Symptom"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "A symptom involving the musculoskeletal system."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Musculoskeletal symptoms are defined as pain in the muscles, tendons, and nerves arising from repetitive, continuous, and unnatural movements. These symptoms can be expressed in various areas of the body and affect the quality of life by causing difficulties in performing occupational tasks and activities of daily living (ADL). [Definition Source: url:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3567324/ ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Arthritis rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:MusculoskeletalSystemSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0019169 ;
    rdfs:label "Arthritis"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Arthritis is a musculoskeletal system symptom characterized as an inflammation of joints due to infectious, metabolic, or constitutional causes. [ url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=arthritis ][Definition Source: SYMP:0019169]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:PeripheralNeuropathy rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:MusculoskeletalSystemSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000352 ;
    rdfs:label "Peripheral Neuropathy"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Peripheral neuropathy refers to the many conditions that involve damage to the peripheral nervous system, the vast communication network that sends signals between the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) and all other parts of the body. [Definition Source: url:https://www.ninds.nih.gov/peripheral-neuropathy-fact-sheet ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Condition rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PatientCharacteristic ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C25457 ;
    rdfs:label "Condition"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A state of being, such as a state of health. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Hyperlipidemia rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Condition ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C34707 ;
    rdfs:label "Hyperlipidemia"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Elevated levels of lipids in the blood. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Hypertension rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Condition ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C3117 ;
    rdfs:label "Hypertension"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Blood pressure that is abnormally high. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:History rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PatientCharacteristic ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C54625 ;
    rdfs:label "History"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The aggregate of past events; the continuum of events occurring in succession leading from the past to the present; a record or narrative description of past events. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:FamilyHistory rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:History ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C17726 ;
    rdfs:label "Family History"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A record of a patient's background regarding health and disease events of blood relatives. A patient's family medical history may be important in diagnosing existing conditions. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:PersonalHistory rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:History ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C18772 ;
    rdfs:label "Personal History"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A record of a patient's background regarding health and the occurrence of disease events of the individual. In addition, personal medical history may be a variable in epidemiologic studies. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:FamilyHistoryOfCAD rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:FamilyHistory ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C80398 ;
    rdfs:label "Family History of Coronary Artery Disease"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "History of a first-degree relative (less than 55 years for male relatives or less than 65 years for female relatives) having had any of the following: coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, percutaneous coronary intervention, or sudden cardiac death without obvious cause. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:FamilyHistoryOfDiabetes rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:FamilyHistory ;
    rdfs:label "Family History of Diabetes"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Having at least one-first-degree relative with diabetes. [Definition Source: url:https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.12033 ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:PersonalHistoryOfGestationalDiabetes rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PersonalHistory ;
    rdfs:label "Personal History of Gestational Diabetes"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as glucose intolerance that is first recognized during pregnancy, is associated with maternal obesity and confers a 4‐ to 7‐fold greater risk of incident type 2 diabetes (DM), and increased risk of developing the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in midlife. In addition, a history of GDM among nondiabetic women is characterized by elevations in fasting glucose and insulin concentrations, as well as dyslipidemia and greater inflammation in the absence of the MetS. [Definition Source: url:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4187501/ ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:PersonalHistoryOfFebrileStates rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PersonalHistory ;
    rdfs:label "Personal History of Febrile States"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Febrile seizures are defined as events in infancy or childhood that usually occur between three months and five years of age and are associated with a fever, but without evidence of intracranial infection or a defined cause for the seizure. [Definition Source: url:https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2008/1115/p1199.html ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:BilateralLowerExtremityBurningSensation rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:NervousSystemSymptom ;
    rdfs:label "Bilateral Lower Extremity Burning Sensation"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "Occasional Burning Sensation in Bilateral Lower Extremities"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:Disease rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PatientCharacteristic ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C2991 ;
    rdfs:label "Disease"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Any abnormal condition of the body or mind that causes discomfort, dysfunction, or distress to the person affected or those in contact with the person. The term is often used broadly to include injuries, disabilities, syndromes, symptoms, deviant behaviors, and atypical variations of structure and function. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:CoronaryArteryDisease rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Disease ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C26732 ;
    rdfs:label "Coronary Artery Disease"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to fatty deposits inside the arterial walls. The diagnostic criteria may include documented history of any of the following: documented coronary artery stenosis greater than or equal to 50% (by cardiac catheterization or other modality of direct imaging of the coronary arteries); previous coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG); previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); previous myocardial infarction. (ACC) [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:DiabetesMellitus rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Disease ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C2985 ;
    rdfs:label "Diabetes Mellitus"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels due to diminished production of insulin or insulin resistance/desensitization. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:RenalDisease rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Disease ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C3149 ;
    rdfs:label "Renal Disease"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "Disease associated with kidneys, typically chronic kidney disease."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A neoplastic or non-neoplastic condition affecting the kidney. Representative examples of non-neoplastic conditions include glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome. Representative examples of neoplastic conditions include benign processes (e.g., renal lipoma and renal fibroma) and malignant processes (e.g., renal cell carcinoma and renal lymphoma). [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:CardiovascularDisease rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Disease ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C2931 ;
    rdfs:label "Cardiovascular Disease"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the heart or the vessels (arteries, veins and lymph vessels). Representative examples of non-neoplastic cardiovascular disorders are endocarditis and hypertension. Representative examples of neoplastic cardiovascular disorders are endocardial myxoma and angiosarcoma. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:NervousSystemSymptom rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Symptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000480 ;
    rdfs:label "Nervous System Symptom"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:CerebralVascularAccident rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:NervousSystemSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000734 , ncit:C3390 ;
    rdfs:label "Cerebral Vascular Accident"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "A stroke."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A sudden loss of neurological function secondary to hemorrhage or ischemia in the brain parenchyma due to a vascular event. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Stroke is a nervous system symptom characterized by a sudden diminution or loss of consciousness, sensation, and voluntary motion caused by rupture or obstruction (as by a clot) of a blood vessel of the brain. [ url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=stroke ][Definition Source: SYMP:0000734]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Pain rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:NervousSystemSymptom ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000099 ;
    rdfs:label "Pain"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A sensation perception where there is an unpleasant sensation that usually indicates the body is threatened or damaged. The sensation may be sharp or dull, short-lived or chronic, intermittent or continual, confined to one area or spread over the entire body. [ url:http://www.nationalpainfoundation.org/MyTreatment/articles/Cancer_PainDefinitions.asp ][Definition Source: SYMP:0000576]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:ChestPain rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Pain ;
    owl:equivalentClass symp:0000576 , hp:0100749 , ncit:C38665 ;
    rdfs:label "Chest Pain"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An unpleasant sensation characterized by physical discomfort (such as pricking, throbbing, or aching) localized to the chest. [Definition Source: HP:0100749]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Behavior rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PatientCharacteristic ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C16326 ;
    rdfs:label "Behavior"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The actions or reactions of an object or organism, usually in relation to the environment or surrounding world of stimuli. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:SedentaryLifestyle rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Behavior ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C86589 ;
    rdfs:label "Sedentary Lifestyle"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A type of lifestyle that lacks physical exercise, characterized by sitting, reading, watching television or using a computer for much of the day without vigorous physical exertion. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:InsufficientExercise rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:SedentaryLifestyle ;
    rdfs:label "Insufficient Exercise" .

dpo:HighSugarDiet rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:SedentaryLifestyle ;
    rdfs:label "High Sugar Diet" .

dpo:AlcoholUse rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Behavior ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C81229 ;
    rdfs:label "Alcohol Use"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A description of an individual's current and past experience with alcoholic beverage consumption. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:DrugUse rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Behavior ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C81246 ;
    rdfs:label "Drug Use"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A description of an individual's current and past use and/or abuse of drugs and chemicals. This includes prescription medication, illicit drugs and recreational substances. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Occupation rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PatientCharacteristic ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C25193 ;
    rdfs:label "Occupation"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The principal activity that a person does to earn money. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:SedentaryOccupation rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Occupation ;
    rdfs:label "Sedentary Occupation"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A physical demand level described as the exertion of up to 10 pounds of force occasionally, negligible amount of work frequently, and a negligible amount of force constantly to move objects. [Definition Source: url:https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sedentary+work ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:AntihyperglycemicTreatment rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Therapy ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:35526 ;
    rdfs:label "Antihyperglycemic Treatment"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "Treatment designed to lower blood sugar levels."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A drug which lowers the blood glucose level. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Efficacy rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PharmacotherapyFactor ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C39547 ;
    rdfs:label "Efficacy"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The probability of benefit to individuals in a defined population from a medical technology applied for a given medical problem under ideal conditions of use. Efficacy is a measure of effect of therapy among appropriate patients in whom treatment is tolerated and effectively administered, under the condition of sufficient patients' compliance, usually determined in randomized trials. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:HighEfficacy rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Efficacy ;
    rdfs:label "High Efficacy"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "A high capacity to bring about a desired effect."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:IntermediateEfficacy rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Efficacy ;
    rdfs:label "Intermediate Efficacy"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "An intermediate capacity to bring about a desired effect."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:LowEfficacy rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Efficacy ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C48226 ;
    rdfs:label "Low Efficacy"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "A low capacity to bring about a desired effect."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The lack of expected or desired effect related to a therapy. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:WeightChangePotential rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PharmacotherapyFactor ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C9232 ;
    rdfs:label "Weight Change Potential"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "The capacity for an increase or decrease in the weight of an individual."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:WeightLossPotential rdfs:subClassOf dpo:WeightChangePotential ;
    rdfs:label "Weight Loss Potential"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "The capacity for a decrease in the weight of an individual."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:WeightGainPotential rdfs:subClassOf dpo:WeightChangePotential ;
    rdfs:label "Weight Gain Potential"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "The capacity for an increase in the weight of an individual."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:NeutralWeightChange rdfs:subClassOf dpo:WeightChangePotential ;
    rdfs:label "Neutral Weight Change"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "The lack of an effect on the capacity for an increase or decrease in the weight of an individual."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:HypoglycemiaRisk rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PharmacotherapyFactor ;
    rdfs:label "Hypoglycemia Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "The possiblility of lowering blood sugar below the normal range."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The most important risk factor for the occurrence of hypoglycemia is the aggressiveness of therapy applied to achieve glycemic control. [Definition Source: url:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3784865/ ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:NoKnownHypoglycemiaRisk rdfs:subClassOf dpo:HypoglycemiaRisk ;
    rdfs:label "No Known Hypoglycemia Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "No known association with the lowering of blood sugar below the normal range."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:KnownHypoglycemiaRisk rdfs:subClassOf dpo:HypoglycemiaRisk ;
    rdfs:label "Known Hypoglycemia Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "A known association with the lowering of blood sugar below the normal range."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:CardiovascularEffect rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PharmacotherapyFactor ;
    rdfs:label "Cardiovascular Effect" ;
    rdfs:comment "A pharmacotherapy factor related to the heart or blood vessels."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Cardiovascular effects are defined as any uncomfortable physical effect that relates to the heart and blood vessels. [Definition Source: url:https://effectindex.com/categories/cardiovascular-effects ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:AtheroscleroticCardiovascularDiseaseRisk  rdfs:subClassOf dpo:CardiovascularEffect ;
    rdfs:label "Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "Risk of cardiovascular disease resulting from atherosclerosis."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:PotentialASCVDBenefit rdfs:subClassOf dpo:AtheroscleroticCardiovascularDiseaseRisk ;
    rdfs:label "Potential ASCVD Benefit" ;
    rdfs:comment "Potential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease resulting from atherosclerosis."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:IncreasedASCVDRisk rdfs:subClassOf dpo:AtheroscleroticCardiovascularDiseaseRisk ;
    rdfs:label "Increased ASCVD Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "Potential to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease resulting from atherosclerosis."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:NeutralASCVDRisk rdfs:subClassOf dpo:AtheroscleroticCardiovascularDiseaseRisk ;
    rdfs:label "Neutral ASCVD Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "Minimal effect on reducing or increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease resulting from atherosclerosis."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:HeartFailureRisk rdfs:subClassOf dpo:CardiovascularEffect ;
    rdfs:label "Heart Failure Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "Risk of heart failure."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:PotentialHeartFailureBenefit rdfs:subClassOf dpo:HeartFailureRisk ;
    rdfs:label "Potential Heart Failure Benefit" ;
    rdfs:comment "Potential to decrease the risk of heart failure."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:IncreasedHeartFailureRisk rdfs:subClassOf dpo:HeartFailureRisk ;
    rdfs:label "Increased Heart Failure Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "Potential to increase the risk of heart failure."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:NeutralHeartFailureRisk rdfs:subClassOf dpo:HeartFailureRisk ;
    rdfs:label "Neutral Heart Failure Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "Minimal effect on reducing or increasing the risk of heart failure."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:Cost rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PharmacotherapyFactor ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C69088 ;
    rdfs:label "Cost" ;
    rdfs:comment "The expense associated with a therapy."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "The amount paid, charged, or engaged to be paid, for purchasing goods, services and financial instruments. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:LowCost rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Cost ;
    rdfs:label "Low Cost"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "Relatively inexpensive."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:HighCost rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Cost ;
    rdfs:label "High Cost"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "Relatively expensive."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:RenalEffect rdfs:subClassOf dpo:PharmacotherapyFactor ;
    rdfs:label "Renal Effect"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "A pharmacotherapy factor related to the kidneys."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:DiabeticKidneyDiseaseProgression rdfs:subClassOf dpo:RenalEffect;
    rdfs:label "Diabetic Kidney Disease Progression"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "The progression of diabetic kidney disease."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Defined by the presence of diabetes and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to <60/ mL/min/1.73 m2, increased albuminuria (>300 mg/24 hours) or both, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a progressive disease that affects one in seven individuals worldwide eventuating renal replacement therapy (RRT) and premature death secondary to cardiovascular causes. [Definition Source: url:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK571719/ ]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:RenalDosingConsideration rdfs:subClassOf dpo:RenalEffect;
    rdfs:label "Renal Dosing Consideration"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment "Drug dosage considerations related to the effect on the kidneys."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:PotentialDKDBenefit rdfs:subClassOf dpo:DiabeticKidneyDiseaseProgression ;
    rdfs:label "Potential Diabetic Kidney Disease Benefit" ;
    rdfs:comment "Potential to decrease the risk or progression of diabetic kidney disease."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:IncreasedDKDRisk rdfs:subClassOf dpo:DiabeticKidneyDiseaseProgression ;
    rdfs:label "Increased Diabetic Kidney Disease Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "Potential to increase the risk or progression of diabetic kidney disease."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:NeutralDKDRisk rdfs:subClassOf dpo:DiabeticKidneyDiseaseProgression ;
    rdfs:label "Neutral Diabetic Kidney Disease Risk" ;
    rdfs:comment "Minimal effect on reducing or increasing the risk or progression of diabetic kidney disease."^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition ""^^xsd:string .

dpo:Biguanide rdfs:subClassOf dpo:AntihyperglycemicTreatment ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:3095 , ncit:C98234 ;
    rdfs:label "Biguanide"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Any antidiabetic agent with the biguanide base structure or phenformin derivatives with antihyperglycemic activity. Biguanide antidiabetic agents activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) resulting in decreased glucose production in the liver, increased peripheral glucose uptake and improved utilization of glucose. Biguanide-based antidiabetic agents do not cause hypoglycemia. In addition, biguanide antidiabetics decrease absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Metformin rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Biguanide ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:6801 , loinc:55548-2, ncit:C61612 ;
    rdfs:label "Metformin"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An agent belonging to the biguanide class of antidiabetics with antihyperglycemic activity. Metformin is associated with a very low incidence of lactic acidosis. This agent helps reduce LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and is not associated with weight gain, and prevents the cardiovascular complications of diabetes. Metformin is not metabolized and is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:HighEfficacy ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralWeightChange ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NoKnownHypoglycemiaRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialASCVDBenefit ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralHeartFailureRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:LowCost ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralDKDRisk ] ] .

dpo:SGLT2Inhibitor rdfs:subClassOf dpo:AntihyperglycemicTreatment ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:73273, ncit:C98083 ;
    rdfs:label "SGLT2 Inhibitor"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Any inhibitor of the sodium-glucose co-transporter subtype 2 (SGLT2) with antihyperglycemic activity. By binding to and blocking SGLT2, these inhibitors suppress reabsorption of glucose in the proximal tubule within the kidneys and thereby enhancing urinary excretion of glucose. This eventually normalizes blood glucose levels. SGLT2, a transport system exclusively expressed in the proximal renal tubules, mediates about 90% of renal glucose reabsorption from tubular fluid. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:IntermediateEfficacy ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:WeightLossPotential ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NoKnownHypoglycemiaRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:HighCost ] ] .

dpo:Empagliflozin rdfs:subClassOf dpo:SGLT2Inhibitor ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:82720 , ncit:C158136 ;
    rdfs:label "Empagliflozin"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An orally available competitive inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2; SLC5A2) with antihyperglycemic activity. Upon oral administration, empagliflozin selectively and potently inhibits SGLT2 in the kidneys, thereby suppressing the reabsorption of glucose in the proximal tubule. Inhibition of SGLT2 increases urinary glucose excretion by the kidneys, resulting in a reduction of plasma glucose levels in an insulin-independent manner. Inhibition of SGLT2 in the kidneys also suppresses the renal reabsorption of 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5AG). This lowers serum 1,5AG and neutrophil 1,5-anhydroglucitol-6-phosphate (1,5AG6P) levels, which may improve neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction in patients with glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD Ib). SGLT2, a transport protein exclusively expressed in the proximal renal tubules, mediates approximately 90% of renal glucose reabsorption from tubular fluid. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialASCVDBenefit ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialHeartFailureBenefit ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialDKDBenefit ] ] .

dpo:Canagliflozin rdfs:subClassOf dpo:SGLT2Inhibitor ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:73274 , ncit:C91018 ;
    rdfs:label "Canagliflozin"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A C-glucoside with a thiophene ring that is an orally available inhibitor of sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) with antihyperglycemic activity. Canagliflozin is also able to reduce body weight and has a low risk for hypoglycemia. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialASCVDBenefit ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialHeartFailureBenefit ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialDKDBenefit ] ] .

dpo:Dapagliflozin rdfs:subClassOf dpo:SGLT2Inhibitor ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:85078 , ncit:C78126 ;
    rdfs:label "Dapagliflozin"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A selective sodium-glucose co-transporter subtype 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with antihyperglycemic activity. Dapagliflozin selectively and potently inhibits SGLT2 compared to SGLT1, which is the cotransporter of glucose in the gut. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialHeartFailureBenefit ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialDKDBenefit ] ] .

dpo:Ertugliflozin rdfs:subClassOf dpo:SGLT2Inhibitor ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:188719 , ncit:C166925 ;
    rdfs:label "Ertugliflozin"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Ertugliflozin is in a class of medications called sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. It lowers blood sugar by causing the kidneys to get rid of more glucose in the urine. Ertugliflozin is not used to treat type 1 diabetes (condition in which the body does not produce insulin and, therefore, cannot control the amount of sugar in the blood) or diabetic ketoacidosis (a serious condition that may develop if high blood sugar is not treated). [Definition Source: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a618011.html]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialHeartFailureBenefit ] ] .

dpo:GLP1RA rdfs:subClassOf dpo:AntihyperglycemicTreatment ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:71196 , ncit:C98085 ;
    rdfs:label "GLP-1 RA" ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Any of the analogues of the endogenous gastrointestinal hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) with antihyperglycemic activity. GLP-1 mimetics mimic the activity of GLP-1 and thereby stimulate glucose-dependent secretion of insulin from pancreatic beta cells, suppress glucagon secretion from alpha cells, increase insulin sensitivity and inhibit gastric emptying thereby slowing absorption of nutrients and creating a satiating effect. Altogether, this lowers blood glucose levels. GLP-1 is rapidly inactivated by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An agonist that binds to and activates glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:HighEfficacy ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:WeightLossPotential ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NoKnownHypoglycemiaRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralHeartFailureRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:HighCost ] ] .

dpo:Dulaglutide rdfs:subClassOf dpo:GLP1RA ;
    owl:equivalentClass ncit:C169923 ;
    rdfs:label "Dulaglutide"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that is 90% homologous to native human GLP-1 (7-37) and is composed of a dipeptidyl peptidase-IV-protected GLP-1 analog covalently linked to a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-Fc heavy chain, with antihyperglycemic activity. Upon administration, dulaglutide binds to and activates GLP-1 receptors, thereby increasing intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) in pancreatic beta cells. This increases glucose-dependent insulin release. Dulaglutide also reduces the elevated glucagon secretion by inhibiting alpha cells of the pancreas and slows gastric emptying. Altogether this lowers the postprandial glucose level. GLP-1 is normally secreted by L cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa in response to a meal to normalize blood glucose levels. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialASCVDBenefit ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialDKDBenefit ] ] .

dpo:Liraglutide rdfs:subClassOf dpo:GLP1RA ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:71193 , ncit:C82239 ;
    rdfs:label "Liraglutide"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A long-acting, fatty acylated glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog administered subcutaneously, with antihyperglycemic activity. Liraglutide's prolonged action and half-life of 11-15 hours are attributed to the attachment of the fatty acid palmitic acid to GLP-1 that reversibly binds to albumin. Albumin binding protects liraglutide from immediate degradation and elimination and causes GLP-1 to be released from abumin in a slow and consistent manner. This agent may cause thyroid C-cell tumors and increases the risk of acute pancreatitis. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialASCVDBenefit ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialDKDBenefit ] ] .

dpo:Semaglutide rdfs:subClassOf dpo:GLP1RA ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:167574 , ncit:C152328 ;
    rdfs:label "Semaglutide"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A polypeptide that contains a linear sequence of 31 amino acids joined together by peptide linkages. It is an agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors (GLP-1 AR) and used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialASCVDBenefit ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialDKDBenefit ] ] .

dpo:Lixisenatide rdfs:subClassOf dpo:GLP1RA ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:85662 , ncit:C166988 ;
    rdfs:label "Lixisenatide"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A forty-four membered polypeptide consisting of L-His, Gly, L-Glu, Gly, L-Thr, L-Phe, L-Thr, L-Ser, L-Asp, L-Leu, L-Ser, L-Lys, L-Gln, L-Met, L-Glu, L-Glu, L-Glu, L-Ala, L-Val, L-Arg, L-Leu, L-Phe, L-Ile, L-Glu, L-Trp, L-Leu, L-Lys, L-Asn, Gly, Gly, LPro, L-Ser, L-Ser, Gly, L-Ala, L-Pro, L-Pro, L-Ser, L-Lys, L-Lys, L-Lys, L-Lys, L-Lys, and L-Lys-NH2 residues joined in sequence. Used as an adjunct to diet and exercise for the treatment of adults with type II diabetes. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralASCVDRisk ] ] .

dpo:Exenatide rdfs:subClassOf dpo:GLP1RA ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:64073 , ncit:C65611 ;
    rdfs:label "Exenatide"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A 39 amino acid peptide and synthetic version of exendin-4, a hormone found in the saliva of the venomous lizard Gila monster, with insulin secretagogue and antihyperglycemic activity. Exenatide is administered subcutaneously and mimics human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Compared to GLP-1, exenatide has a longer half-life of 2.4 hours. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A bioactive polypeptide of 39 amino acid residues isolated from the saliva of the Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum). High-affinity glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist (Kd = 136 pM); potently induces cAMP formation without stimulating amylase release in pancreatic acini; potentiates glucose-induced insulin secretion in isolated rat islets; protects against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. A synthetic version is called exenatide. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralASCVDRisk ] ] .


dpo:DPP4Inhibitor rdfs:subClassOf dpo:AntihyperglycemicTreatment ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:68612 , ncit:C98086 ;
    rdfs:label "DPP-4 Inhibitor"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Any inhibitor of the proline-specific serine protease dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), with hypoglycemic activity. DPP-4 inhibitors bind to DPP-4 and inhibit the breakdown of the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). This prolongs incretin activity, increases postprandial insulin release, decreases glucagon release, delays gastric emptying and lowers blood glucose levels. The risk for hypoglycemia is negligible with the use of DPP-4 inhibitors. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An EC 3.4.14.* (dipeptidyl- and tripeptidyl-peptidases) inhibitor that specifically inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (EC 3.4.14.5). [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:IntermediateEfficacy ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralWeightChange ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NoKnownHypoglycemiaRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralASCVDRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:HighCost ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralDKDRisk ] ] .

dpo:Sitagliptin rdfs:subClassOf dpo:DPP4Inhibitor ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:40237 , ncit:C73838 ;
    rdfs:label "Sitagliptin"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An orally available, competitive, beta-amino acid-derived inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DDP-4) with hypoglycemic activity. Sitagliptin may cause an increased risk in the development of pancreatitis. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Saxagliptin rdfs:subClassOf dpo:DPP4Inhibitor ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:71272 , ncit:C75983 ;
    rdfs:label "Saxagliptin"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A potent, selective and competitive, cyanopyrrolidine-based, orally bioavailable inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), with hypoglycemic activity. Saxagliptin is metabolized into an, although less potent, active mono-hydroxy metabolite. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S)-amino(3-hydroxyadamantan-1-yl)acetic acid with the amino group of (1S,3S,5S)-2-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carbonitrile. Used in its monohydrate form for the treatment of Type II diabetes. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:IncreasedHeartFailureRisk ] ] .

dpo:Alogliptin rdfs:subClassOf dpo:DPP4Inhibitor ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:72323 , ncit:C76906 ;
    rdfs:label "Alogliptin"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A selective, orally bioavailable, pyrimidinedione-based inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), with hypoglycemic activity. In addition to its effect on glucose levels, alogliptin may inhibit inflammatory responses by preventing the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)-mediated formation of proinflammatory cytokines. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A piperidine that is 3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine carrying additional 2-cyanobenzyl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl groups at positions 1 and 2 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used in the form of its benzoate salt for treatment of type 2 diabetes. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Linagliptin rdfs:subClassOf dpo:DPP4Inhibitor ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:68610 , ncit:C83887 ;
    rdfs:label "Linagliptin"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A potent, orally bioavailable dihydropurinedione-based inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), with hypoglycemic activity. The inhibition of DPP-4 by linagliptin appears to be longer lasting than that by some other DPP-4 inhibitors tested. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A xanthine that is 7H-xanthine bearing (4-methylquinazolin-2-yl)methyl, methyl, but-2-yn-1-yl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used for treatment of type II diabetes. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Thiazolidinedione rdfs:subClassOf dpo:AntihyperglycemicTreatment ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:50990 , ncit:C98241 ;
    rdfs:label "Thiazolidinedione"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Any antidiabetic agent with the glitazone (thiazolidinedione) base structure with antihyperglycemic activity. Glitazone antidiabetic agents selectively bind to and stimulate the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. This results in the selective transcription of a number of insulin-sensitive genes involved in glucose metabolism. This eventually enhances insulin sensitivity, reduces insulin resistance and decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis. PPARs function as transcription factors that regulate expressions of genes involved in cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), as well as tumorigenesis; PPARgamma is expressed at high levels in adipose tissue. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:HighEfficacy ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:WeightGainPotential ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NoKnownHypoglycemiaRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:IncreasedHeartFailureRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:LowCost ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralDKDRisk ] ] .

dpo:Pioglitazone rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Thiazolidinedione ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:8228 , ncit:C71633 ;
    rdfs:label "Pioglitazone"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Pioglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:PotentialASCVDBenefit ] ] .

dpo:Rosiglitazone rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Thiazolidinedione ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:50122 , ncit:C62076 ;
    rdfs:label "Rosiglitazone"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An agent belonging to the glitazone class of antidiabetic agents with antihyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities. In addition to its selective affinity for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma and its ability to lower blood glucose levels, rosiglitazone also exerts anti-inflammatory activity through its ability to inhibit nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-KB) activity and increase I-kappaB levels. In addition, rosiglitazone may cause fluid retention and may worsen congestive heart failure. This agent is also associated with an increased risk of heart attacks. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Sulfonylurea rdfs:subClassOf dpo:AntihyperglycemicTreatment ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:76983 , ncit:C97936 ;
    rdfs:label "Sulfonylurea"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "Sulfonamide urea derivatives with antihyperglycemic activity. Sulphonylurea antidiabetic agents bind to sulfonylurea receptor type 1 (SUR1), the subunit of ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifier potassium (IKATP) channels on the membranes of pancreatic beta cells, thereby blocking the inward current flow (influx) of positively charged K+ ions into the cell. This results in tonic membrane depolarization, and induces a calcium ion influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels; increased intracellular calcium ion levels trigger exocytosis of insulin-containing granules. This eventually induces secretion of insulin. The IKATP channels found in pancreatic islets are complexes of four IKATP 6.2 and four SUR1 subunits. In addition, some sulfonylureas of larger molecular size may increase the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin mediated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:HighEfficacy ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:WeightGainPotential ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:KnownHypoglycemiaRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralASCVDRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralHeartFailureRisk ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:LowCost ] ] ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
          owl:hasValue [ rdf:type dpo:NeutralDKDRisk ] ] .

dpo:Glyburide rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Sulfonylurea ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:5441 , ncit:C29076 ;
    rdfs:label "Glyburide"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A sulfonamide urea derivative with antihyperglycemic activity that can potentially be used to decrease cerebral edema. Upon administration, glyburide binds to and blocks the sulfonylurea receptor type 1 (SUR1) subunit of the ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifying potassium (K(ATP)) channels on the membranes of pancreatic beta cells. This prevents the inward current flow of positively charged potassium (K+) ions into the cell, and induces a calcium ion (Ca2+) influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels, which triggers exocytosis of insulin-containing granules. In addition, glyburide also inhibits the SUR1-regulated nonselective cation (NC) Ca-ATP channel, melastatin 4 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 4; (TRPM4)), thereby preventing capillary failure and brain swelling. SUR1-TRPM4 channels are formed by co-assembly of SUR1 with TRPM4 in neurons, astrocytes, and capillary endothelium during cerebral ischemia. Upon ischemia-induced ATP depletion, channels open which results in sodium influx, cytotoxic edema formation, capillary fragmentation and necrotic cell death. SUR1-TRPM4 is not expressed in normal, uninjured tissues. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Glipizide rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Sulfonylurea ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:5384 , ncit:C29074 ;
    rdfs:label "Glipizide"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A short-acting, second-generation sulfonylurea with hypoglycemic activity. Glipizide is rapidly absorbed, has a very quick onset of action and a short half-life. This agent is extensively metabolized in the liver and the metabolites as well as the unchanged form are excreted in the urine. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. [Definition Source: CHEBI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:Glimepiride rdfs:subClassOf dpo:Sulfonylurea ;
    owl:equivalentClass chebi:5383 , ncit:C29073 ;
    rdfs:label "Glimepiride"^^xsd:string ;
    rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string ;
    skos:definition "A long-acting, third-generation sulfonylurea with hypoglycemic activity. Compared to other generations of sulfonylurea compounds, glimepiride is very potent and has a longer duration of action. This agent is metabolized by CYP2C9 and shows peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonistic activity. [Definition Source: NCI]"^^xsd:string .

dpo:ExternalClass rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "External Class" .

symp:0000462 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "symptom"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000473 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000462 ;
    rdfs:label "nutrition, metabolism, and development symptom"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000410 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000462 ;
    rdfs:label "neurological and physiological symptom"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000891 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000462 ;
    rdfs:label "musculoskeletal system symptom"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000486 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000462 ;
    rdfs:label "urinary system symptom"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000480 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000462 ;
    rdfs:label "nervous system symptom"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000565 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000486 ;
    rdfs:label "polyuria"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000485 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000486 ;
    rdfs:label "dysuria"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000563 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000486 ;
    rdfs:label "urinary frequency"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000560 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000473 ;
    rdfs:label "polydipsia"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000524 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000473 ;
    rdfs:label "polyphagia"^^xsd:string .

symp:0019163 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000462 ;
    rdfs:label "eye symptom"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000320 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0019163 ;
    rdfs:label "vision symptom"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000012 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0019163 ;
    rdfs:label "blurred vision"^^xsd:string .

symp:0019177 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000410 ;
    rdfs:label "fatigue"^^xsd:string .

symp:0019169 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000891 ;
    rdfs:label "arthritis"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000094 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000891 ;
    rdfs:label "muscle weakness"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000352 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000094 ;
    rdfs:label "peripheral muscle weakness"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000734 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000480 ;
    rdfs:label "stroke"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000099 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000480 ;
    rdfs:label "pain"^^xsd:string .

symp:0000576 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf symp:0000099 ;
    rdfs:label "chest pain"^^xsd:string .

efo:0004340 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "body mass index"^^xsd:string .

efo:0005936 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf efo:0004340 ;
    rdfs:label "underweight body mass index status"^^xsd:string .

efo:0005935 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf efo:0004340 ;
    rdfs:label "overweight body mass index status"^^xsd:string .

efo:0007041 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf efo:0004340 ;
    rdfs:label "obese body mass index status"^^xsd:string .

hp:0025142 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Constitutional symptom"^^xsd:string .

hp:0100749 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf hp:0025142 ;
    rdfs:label "Chest pain"^^xsd:string .

hp:0000009 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Functional abnormality of the bladder"^^xsd:string .

hp:0100515 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf hp:0000009 ;
    rdfs:label "Pollakisuria"^^xsd:string .

hp:0033072 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Abnormal macroscopic urine appearance"^^xsd:string .

hp:0012088 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf hp:0033072 ;
    rdfs:label "Abnormal urinary odor"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C29711 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Anti-diabetic Agent"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C98234 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C29711 ;
    rdfs:label "Biguanide Antidiabetic Agent"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C61612 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98234 ;
    rdfs:label "Metformin"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C98083 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C29711 ;
    rdfs:label "SGLT2 Inhibitor"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C158136 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98083 ;
    rdfs:label "Empagliflozin"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C91018 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98083 ;
    rdfs:label "Canagliflozin"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C78126 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98083 ;
    rdfs:label "Dapagliflozin"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C166925 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98083 ;
    rdfs:label "Ertugliflozin"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C98085 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C29711 ;
    rdfs:label "GLP-1 Mimetics"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C169923 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98085 ;
    rdfs:label "Dulaglutide"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C82239 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98085 ;
    rdfs:label "Liraglutide"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C152328 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98085 ;
    rdfs:label "Semaglutide"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C166988 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98085 ;
    rdfs:label "Lixisenatide"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C65611 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98085 ;
    rdfs:label "Exenatide"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C98086 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C29711 ;
    rdfs:label "Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C73838 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98086 ;
    rdfs:label "Sitagliptin"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C75983 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98086 ;
    rdfs:label "Saxagliptin"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C76906 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98086 ;
    rdfs:label "Alogliptin"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C83887 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98086 ;
    rdfs:label "Linagliptin"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C98241 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C29711 ;
    rdfs:label "Thiazolidinedione Antidiabetic Agent"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C71633 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98241 ;
    rdfs:label "Pioglitazone"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C62076 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C98241 ;
    rdfs:label "Rosiglitazone"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C97936 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C29711 ;
    rdfs:label "Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agent"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C29076 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C97936 ;
    rdfs:label "Glyburide"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C29074 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C97936 ;
    rdfs:label "Glipizide"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C29073 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C97936 ;
    rdfs:label "Glimepiride"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C20181 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Conceptual Entity"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C19160 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C20181 ;
    rdfs:label "Occupation or Discipline"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C25193 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C19160 ;
    rdfs:label "Occupation"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C69088 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C20181 ;
    rdfs:label "Cost"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C20189 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Property or Attribute"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C25209 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C20189 ;
    rdfs:label "Measurement"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C88183 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C20189 ;
    rdfs:label "Efficacy"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C39547 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C88183 ;
    rdfs:label "Treatment Efficacy"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C48226 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C39547 ;
    rdfs:label "Lack of Efficacy"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C25218 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Intervention or Procedure"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C74949 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C25218 ;
    rdfs:label "Lipid Measurement"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C105586 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C74949 ;
    rdfs:label "Cholesterol Measurement"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C64812 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C74949 ;
    rdfs:label "Triglyceride Measurement"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C105585 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C25218 ;
    rdfs:label "Glucose Measurement"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C92744 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C105585 ;
    rdfs:label "Blood Glucose Measurement"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C49236 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C25218 ;
    rdfs:label "Therapeutic Procedure"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C27993 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C20189 ;
    rdfs:label "General Qualifier"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C25457 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C27993 ;
    rdfs:label "Condition"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C43431 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Activity"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C16326 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C43431 ;
    rdfs:label "Behavior"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C16795 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C16326 ;
    rdfs:label "Lifestyle"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C86589 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C16795 ;
    rdfs:label "Sedentary Lifestyle"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C7057 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Disease, Disorder or Finding"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C53458 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C7057 ;
    rdfs:label "Sign"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C9232 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C53458 ;
    rdfs:label "Weight Change"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C3303 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C7057 ;
    rdfs:label "Pain"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C38665 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C3303 ;
    rdfs:label "Chest Pain"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C83119 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C7057 ;
    rdfs:label "Physical Examination Finding"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C138901 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C83119 ;
    rdfs:label "Body Mass Index Finding"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C34707 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C7057 ;
    rdfs:label "Abnormal Blood Chemistry and Hematology Test Result"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C34707 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C34707 ;
    rdfs:label "Hyperlipidemia"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C54707 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C7057 ;
    rdfs:label "Blood Pressure Finding"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C3117 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C54707 , ncit:C173902 ;
    rdfs:label "Hypertension"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C173902 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C7057 ;
    rdfs:label "CTRP Clinical Finding"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C3283 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C173902 , ncit:C53458 ;
    rdfs:label "Obesity"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C2991 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C7057 ;
    rdfs:label "Disease or Disorder"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C35719 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C2991 ;
    rdfs:label "Genitourinary System Infection"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C50791 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C35719 ;
    rdfs:label "Urinary Tract Infection"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C27551 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C2991 ;
    rdfs:label "Disorder by Site"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C2938 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C27551 ;
    rdfs:label "Cerebrovascular Disorder"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C3390 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C2938 ;
    rdfs:label "Stroke"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C171128 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C27551 ;
    rdfs:label "Non-Neoplastic Endocrine Pancreas Disorder"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C2985 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C171128 ;
    rdfs:label "Diabetes Mellitus"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C35741 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C27551 ;
    rdfs:label "Non-Neoplastic Heart Disorder"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C26732 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C35741 ;
    rdfs:label "Coronary Artery Disease"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C3430 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C27551 ;
    rdfs:label "Urinary System Disorder"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C3149 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C3430 ;
    rdfs:label "Kidney Disorder"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C2931 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C27551 ;
    rdfs:label "Cardiovascular Disorder"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C54625 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C20181 ;
    rdfs:label "History"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C18772 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C54625 ;
    rdfs:label "Personal Medical History"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C17726 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C18772 ;
    rdfs:label "Family Medical History"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C81229 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C18772 ;
    rdfs:label "Alcohol Use History"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C81246 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C18772 ;
    rdfs:label "Drug Use History"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C80398 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C17726 ;
    rdfs:label "Family History of Coronary Artery Disease"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C20047 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C20181 ;
    rdfs:label "Diagnostic or Prognostic Factor"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C18228 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Treatment Factor"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C19591 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Diagnostic Factor"^^xsd:string .

ncit:C25447 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ncit:C20189 ;
    rdfs:label "Characteristic"^^xsd:string .

chebi:5383 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "glimepiride"^^xsd:string .

chebi:5384 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "glipizide"^^xsd:string .

chebi:5441 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "glyburide"^^xsd:string .

chebi:76983 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "N-sulfonylurea"^^xsd:string .

chebi:50122 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "rosiglitazone"^^xsd:string .

chebi:8228 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "pioglitazone"^^xsd:string .

chebi:50990 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "thiazolidinediones"^^xsd:string .

chebi:68610 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "linagliptin"^^xsd:string .

chebi:72323 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "alogliptin"^^xsd:string .

chebi:71272 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "saxagliptin"^^xsd:string .

chebi:73273 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor"^^xsd:string .

chebi:82720 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "empagliflozin"^^xsd:string .

chebi:73274 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "canagliflozin"^^xsd:string .

chebi:85078 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "dapagliflozin"^^xsd:string .

chebi:188719 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Ertugliflozin"^^xsd:string .

chebi:71196 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist"^^xsd:string .

chebi:71193 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "liraglutide"^^xsd:string .

chebi:167574 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "semaglutide"^^xsd:string .

chebi:85662 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "lixisenatide"^^xsd:string .

chebi:64073 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "exendin-4"^^xsd:string .

chebi:68612 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor"^^xsd:string .

chebi:40237 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "sitagliptin"^^xsd:string .

chebi:3095 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "biguanide"^^xsd:string .

chebi:6801 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "metformin"^^xsd:string .

chebi:35526 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "hypoglycemic agent"^^xsd:string .

loinc:55548-2 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "metFORMIN [Moles/volume] in Serum or Plasma"^^xsd:string .

loinc:1558-6 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Fasting glucose [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma"^^xsd:string .

loinc:1518-0 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Glucose [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma --2 hours post 75 g glucose PO"^^xsd:string .

loinc:59261-8 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Hemoglobin A1c/Hemoglobin.total in Blood by IFCC protocol"^^xsd:string .

loinc:2089-1 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Cholesterol in LDL [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma"^^xsd:string .

loinc:12228-3 rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf dpo:ExternalClass ;
    rdfs:label "Triglyceride [Mass/volume] in Body fluid"^^xsd:string .

sio:hasAttribute rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has attribute"^^xsd:string .

dpo-kb:HighEfficacyDiabetesTherapy rdf:type dpo:HighEfficacyDiabetesTherapy .
dpo-kb:LowEfficacyDiabetesTherapy rdf:type dpo:LowEfficacyDiabetesTherapy .

dpo-kb:PotentialASCVDBenefitDiabetesTherapy rdf:type dpo:PotentialASCVDBenefitDiabetesTherapy .
dpo-kb:IncreasedASCVDRiskDiabetesTherapy rdf:type dpo-kb:IncreasedASCVDRiskDiabetesTherapy .

dpo-kb:LowCostDiabetesTherapy rdf:type dpo:LowCostDiabetesTherapy .
dpo-kb:HighCostDiabetesTherapy rdf:type dpo:HighCostDiabetesTherapy .

dpo-kb:PotentialDKDBenefitDiabetesTherapy rdf:type dpo:PotentialDKDBenefitDiabetesTherapy .
dpo-kb:IncreasedDKDRiskDiabetesTherapy rdf:type dpo:IncreasedDKDRiskDiabetesTherapy .

dpo-kb:WeightLossDiabetesTherapy rdf:type dpo:WeightLossDiabetesTherapy .
dpo-kb:WeightGainDiabetesTherapy rdf:type dpo:WeightGainDiabetesTherapy .