WEBVTT 00:00:00.960 --> 00:00:05.680 My name is Guillermo Martin and I welcome you to Cooperation Paradigm. 00:00:05.680 --> 00:00:13.120 We are a platform on a mission to spread the idea that cooperation beats competition. 00:00:13.120 --> 00:00:19.520 That working together is not just nicer but also more effective and that we can transform 00:00:19.520 --> 00:00:23.360 our world if we agree to collaborate, to work with each other. 00:00:24.320 --> 00:00:30.800 Today we are honored to have Dr. Raymond Peat. For those who do not know our guest today, 00:00:30.800 --> 00:00:37.280 Dr. Peat is a scientist, writer, teacher, and artist whose work continues to influence the 00:00:37.280 --> 00:00:44.800 thinking of thousands of readers worldwide. Even though much of Dr. Peat's work centers around 00:00:44.800 --> 00:00:51.680 how our health is affected by our environment, I personally think his greatest contribution 00:00:51.680 --> 00:00:57.840 is to teach us all how to be free thinkers, how to question everything and be critical. 00:00:57.840 --> 00:01:02.480 And he has done this through his example, through his personal work. 00:01:02.480 --> 00:01:10.480 So before we start the interview I really want to thank Dr. Peat for his career and for his 00:01:10.480 --> 00:01:17.280 contributions because he really has done so much for us. Today we will talk about a few things 00:01:17.280 --> 00:01:25.120 intelligence in nature, artificial scarcity in our world, and how to create a healthier society 00:01:25.120 --> 00:01:30.560 among other things. I apologize for the sound quality is not the best 00:01:30.560 --> 00:01:37.200 but definitely very, very worth listening always to Dr. Peat. So here we go. 00:01:37.200 --> 00:01:45.200 So Dr. Peat, in your opinion, is there a guiding intelligence in the evolution of the species 00:01:45.760 --> 00:01:51.760 or is it just random mutations that are selected by the environment as neo-darwinists propose? 00:01:51.760 --> 00:02:04.640 My picture of the big picture or the cosmology grew out of reading several people. 00:02:05.920 --> 00:02:17.600 Vladimir Vernadsky, for example, was one of my influences. Frederick Soddy, the physicist 00:02:17.600 --> 00:02:31.040 who is known for his idea of isotopes. I think that is his main identification. But he was 00:02:31.840 --> 00:02:45.440 a theorist about the nature of cosmic rays and cosmic energy. Looking at all of my influences, 00:02:45.440 --> 00:02:59.360 especially Frederick Soddy, I think it is justifiable and reasonable to think that the 00:03:00.160 --> 00:03:07.200 cosmos itself, the universe, is in the process of growth. The Russian astronomer, 00:03:07.200 --> 00:03:17.760 N.A. Kozyrev, discovered eruptions on the dark side of the moon, volcanic eruptions, 00:03:17.760 --> 00:03:25.280 which were ridiculed at the time. But he developed a theory of stellar energy, 00:03:26.480 --> 00:03:35.440 which would account for the internal heat of all of the cosmic bodies, including the earth and the 00:03:35.440 --> 00:03:44.080 moon. He correctly predicted that the outer planets would be producing more heat than they 00:03:44.080 --> 00:03:55.920 received from the sun. Putting these ideas together with Fred Soddy's, it looks like the universe is 00:03:55.920 --> 00:04:04.800 increasing in energy and in substance. Planets are growing warmer, more energetic, 00:04:05.600 --> 00:04:18.000 and substance is increasing, mass is increasing. A geologist proposed the expanding earth hypothesis, 00:04:18.000 --> 00:04:28.160 which is just an extension of Kozyrev's and the other physicists' ideas of an actively, 00:04:29.440 --> 00:04:41.040 energetically expanding, growing universe. So that's the big picture, that things are 00:04:41.040 --> 00:04:49.920 constantly in flux at every level, the microscopic as well as the macroscopic. 00:04:53.360 --> 00:05:04.480 Looking at the small-scale biology and physics, with that perspective, you see 00:05:04.480 --> 00:05:18.080 everything in flux, and you realize that the doctrines that are dominating pretty much the 00:05:18.080 --> 00:05:28.720 world for the last 200 years are based on some Christian, mostly Christian, theological ideas. 00:05:28.720 --> 00:05:35.920 Kozyrev explained how the doctrine of thermodynamic 00:05:39.040 --> 00:05:49.680 directionality was an arbitrary choice, more theology than observation or science. 00:05:57.840 --> 00:06:11.440 This approach, the theological, theologically based physics, had to conceive of atoms 00:06:11.440 --> 00:06:23.600 as being unchangeable, not subject to time except in the idea that there is a statistical lifespan 00:06:24.240 --> 00:06:34.880 of every particle. But other than that, no atom has a history. It's like a platonic 00:06:34.880 --> 00:06:45.920 ideal out of time. And this is where Vernadsky had a revolutionary influence, 00:06:46.880 --> 00:06:57.360 seeing every atom as having a history. In high school textbooks, when I was in high school, 00:06:57.360 --> 00:07:11.120 a standard experiment referred to nascent oxygen, newly born oxygen, has for several seconds 00:07:13.360 --> 00:07:22.080 chemical reactivity that's very different from quiescent old oxygen. But more than that, every 00:07:22.080 --> 00:07:33.040 atom has its history in the sense of a flow through the organism. He described an organism 00:07:33.040 --> 00:07:50.800 as a whirlwind of atoms. That's my basic approach. You have to look at the practical meaning of 00:07:50.800 --> 00:08:00.720 intelligence and guidance is in the system, the energy flowing from the sun into the earth, 00:08:00.720 --> 00:08:14.960 for example, drives this whirlwind of atoms. And in the response to this flow of energy, 00:08:14.960 --> 00:08:25.200 you have the organized interaction of atoms guided by the flowing energy. 00:08:26.160 --> 00:08:33.040 Right. And that was kind of like my next question because you said that cooperation is a property 00:08:33.040 --> 00:08:40.800 of matter itself. It creates order everywhere that energy flows. So obviously to have order, 00:08:40.800 --> 00:08:48.720 we need energy, but order implies some kind of guidance or intelligence. Otherwise, 00:08:48.720 --> 00:08:58.560 you don't have order, you have chaos, I assume. In the framework of this growing 00:08:58.560 --> 00:09:07.600 energetic universe and the flow of energy from hot spots to less hot spots, 00:09:10.240 --> 00:09:19.280 every place in the universe, there is energy flowing. And every place that flows, you have the 00:09:19.280 --> 00:09:30.960 tendency in response to the flow to align, the individual aligns with the flow of energy. 00:09:35.200 --> 00:09:44.960 One of my experiments years ago was to pass an electrical current through an egg, putting an 00:09:44.960 --> 00:09:57.680 electrode in each side of an egg and measuring the resistance. As the voltage rises, the flow 00:09:57.680 --> 00:10:08.480 increases, and as the voltage falls, the flow keeps going because the resistance was decreased. 00:10:08.480 --> 00:10:18.720 The material of the egg white aligned itself to make the current pass more freely. And 00:10:19.600 --> 00:10:27.280 that's the sort of process that Vernadsky saw as generating more and more complex organisms. 00:10:27.280 --> 00:10:40.160 He saw animals, for example, are growing bigger and bigger brains and bodies to assimilate and 00:10:41.440 --> 00:10:53.040 preserve more and more of that flow of energy. So the intelligence of the organism, as he saw it, 00:10:53.040 --> 00:11:04.880 was being responsive to this flow of energy. So the more energy that flows and can be 00:11:06.000 --> 00:11:15.440 assimilated, the more intelligence there is. If you said that planets and objects in the 00:11:15.440 --> 00:11:21.200 universe are increasing in substance and the universe is increasing in matter, 00:11:21.200 --> 00:11:26.480 so that energy, we can assume that as time goes by, there will be higher levels of 00:11:27.520 --> 00:11:38.080 organization and intelligence in a way. Towards the end of his life, Vernadsky was at the end of 00:11:38.080 --> 00:11:46.000 the World War II. He said despite all of the chaos that we're seeing, he was confident that 00:11:46.000 --> 00:11:56.240 the energy of the planet would gradually help us grow out of the chaotic political world situation. 00:11:57.120 --> 00:12:04.320 Some scientists and philosophers speak of a universe that is able to experience, 00:12:04.320 --> 00:12:11.840 to have consciousness. If this idea became accepted, how do you think our relationship 00:12:11.840 --> 00:12:18.880 with the world would change knowing that this world, this universe, somehow has awareness, 00:12:18.880 --> 00:12:32.480 consciousness? If you see the flow of energy through matter as being what creates experience, 00:12:32.480 --> 00:12:42.160 if you aren't warm and respiring, having a flow of energy through your brain, 00:12:43.440 --> 00:12:50.160 you aren't conscious and experiencing. So if the flow of energy through your brain slows down, 00:12:50.160 --> 00:13:03.040 your consciousness decreases. The dominant philosophy among my professors all the time 00:13:03.040 --> 00:13:12.080 from high school through graduate school, my professors were generally committed to the idea 00:13:12.080 --> 00:13:21.680 that animals are unconscious. Even at the extreme, they were saying that children aren't conscious 00:13:21.680 --> 00:13:35.440 until they're a year and a half or two years old and begin to talk. I think in simple societies, 00:13:36.320 --> 00:13:44.320 people have an animist approach. They see everything as having a soul or a mind. 00:13:44.320 --> 00:13:55.200 Some cultures have kept more of this attitude, others less. The Anglo-American 00:13:55.200 --> 00:14:04.240 culture of the last hundred years has been very exaggerated in denying that the world is alive 00:14:04.880 --> 00:14:21.760 and that things are aware. In the medical description of autism, the brain or metabolic 00:14:21.760 --> 00:14:34.400 condition that produces the regression and the condition called autism, the outstanding feature 00:14:34.400 --> 00:14:44.800 is that they are unaware of the mind and consciousness of other people or of animals. 00:14:44.800 --> 00:14:53.760 They don't understand the emotions or intentions of others. It's called mind-blindness. 00:14:53.760 --> 00:15:08.720 Most of my science professors in the 1960s and 70s, I would say were mind-blind or autistic 00:15:10.240 --> 00:15:20.240 in their view of the universe. We know that the truth is coming out and more scientists are 00:15:20.240 --> 00:15:26.880 pointing to this. Even little amoeba and microorganisms have this incredible awareness 00:15:26.880 --> 00:15:34.000 of their surroundings. Speaking of their surroundings, I would like to talk about society, 00:15:34.800 --> 00:15:41.920 in the context of our environment as humans. Do you believe that we currently have the means 00:15:41.920 --> 00:15:51.200 to provide for everyone on this planet to thrive? People over the years are calculated that the 00:15:51.200 --> 00:16:01.280 productive capacity of the land, the amount of sunlight needed to produce a certain amount of 00:16:01.280 --> 00:16:15.440 food. The Earth is very easily able to sustain about 10 billion people in good nutrition and 00:16:15.440 --> 00:16:26.720 good living conditions if things are properly organized. There has been a very deliberate 00:16:28.160 --> 00:16:34.320 organized effort to create artificial scarcity in the depression in the United States. 00:16:34.320 --> 00:16:43.040 There were huge surpluses of food that no one could afford to buy and so people were starving 00:16:43.040 --> 00:16:52.080 while these hordes of food existed. Even in the 1940s, 00:16:53.040 --> 00:17:01.600 approaching 1950, there were great famines through India in particular while the U.S. 00:17:01.600 --> 00:17:10.960 was having a great problem economically with gigantic over surplus of grains. 00:17:10.960 --> 00:17:20.320 On a world level, the same condition existed that had existed within the United States during the 00:17:20.320 --> 00:17:35.280 Depression. One of the Nobel Prizes in that period was to Irving Langmuir. He was 00:17:35.280 --> 00:17:43.840 notable for having discovered how to make light bulbs burn out in a few weeks or months 00:17:45.040 --> 00:17:52.800 so that they could sell more light bulbs. That was a big part of American science research, 00:17:52.800 --> 00:18:04.960 how to make products useless; how to make them wear out faster. You said something really interesting that if things were organized, 00:18:04.960 --> 00:18:11.280 the planet could provide for 10 billion people. Organizing in a certain way, in a collaborative 00:18:11.280 --> 00:18:17.440 way. What we see is that society is organized purposely but not to work with each other, 00:18:17.440 --> 00:18:32.320 not to collaborate to almost the opposite, to divide. That's built into the economic system that people who challenge it 00:18:32.880 --> 00:18:45.920 are excluded. Teachers who advocate too much change in the system don't get to continue teaching. 00:18:45.920 --> 00:18:55.920 You talk sometimes about the ruling class. It's the ruling class that sets the tone and the 00:18:55.920 --> 00:19:02.560 expectations and anybody that is trying to change the paradigm and challenge the status quo. 00:19:03.440 --> 00:19:09.680 You're saying that they are going to be excluded and they want to divide and conquer. 00:19:09.680 --> 00:19:25.520 They control schools as well as the publication media. The internet is now being censored heavily 00:19:26.800 --> 00:19:38.400 by the ruling class interests. The ruling class is part of the same ecosystem. They are part of our society. 00:19:38.400 --> 00:19:47.360 How can we make them see that it's also in their best benefit in the long term. In the short term, 00:19:47.360 --> 00:19:52.480 sure, they have this greed and power. I'm sure that feels good. In the long term, 00:19:52.480 --> 00:19:58.800 it's better for everyone, including them, to collaborate, to not divide and conquer, 00:19:58.800 --> 00:20:03.840 but to actually distribute things in a rational way. How can we approach these people 00:20:03.840 --> 00:20:08.640 and try to convince them that that's the best way for everyone, including them? 00:20:10.880 --> 00:20:22.800 About 40 or 50 years ago, I was discussing that issue. I was starting to see the offspring of the 00:20:22.800 --> 00:20:30.560 ruling class. Some of them were starting to have exactly that realization that 00:20:31.520 --> 00:20:41.200 everyone is in it together. That has been a very slow process. You can see some of the errors to 00:20:41.200 --> 00:20:53.200 big fortunes becoming interested in preserving the ecosystems, but it has to start happening a lot 00:20:53.200 --> 00:21:02.000 faster. If you could pass a law tomorrow, a law that is going to be binding, that people need to 00:21:02.000 --> 00:21:09.360 enforce the authorities, what would that be? What would you do if you had that power for one day? 00:21:09.360 --> 00:21:20.240 One of the first things that occurs to a person is to equalize the money supply, but that has always 00:21:20.880 --> 00:21:32.960 been made impossible. I think maybe a better place, if you could just start at one aspect 00:21:32.960 --> 00:21:45.440 of the society, I think canceling all licenses. People are licensed to create scarcity. Very much 00:21:46.320 --> 00:22:02.800 medical care would be economically available, and all of the prescription drugs would lose their 00:22:02.800 --> 00:22:10.000 exorbitant prices if all of the licensing functions were simply canceled. 00:22:12.480 --> 00:22:23.680 I want to know if the person that is going to treat me knows something, I guess. What you're 00:22:23.680 --> 00:22:29.600 saying is that it shouldn't be illegal for somebody to treat the other person as long as 00:22:29.600 --> 00:22:35.600 the other person knows that that person doesn't have a certain certification, but it's okay with 00:22:35.600 --> 00:22:45.680 that. The problem is that people believe that the medical license means that they have 00:22:45.680 --> 00:22:57.280 the knowledge and capacity to cure, but the majority of medical practice as it exists now 00:22:57.280 --> 00:23:06.240 is probably counterproductive. I think it's making people sicker on balance. Longevity 00:23:06.240 --> 00:23:17.360 in the United States has been decreasing the last several years, and the number of people 00:23:17.360 --> 00:23:26.400 killed by medical accidents, even accidents recognized by the medical profession, 00:23:27.360 --> 00:23:35.920 it's several times worse than the deaths in traffic accidents. It's approaching 00:23:35.920 --> 00:23:45.120 the death rate from cancer and heart disease, simply errors that are made in hospitals. 00:23:45.120 --> 00:23:52.960 Yes, I always tend to see things in a way that is cooperation versus competition. 00:23:53.760 --> 00:23:59.120 I guess that's why we're having this conversation, but I believe that the people behind these 00:23:59.120 --> 00:24:04.800 corporations and even medical institutions have their mindset of collaborating and helping the 00:24:04.800 --> 00:24:12.800 ecosystem, helping humanity. They will free a lot of their resources, they will drop the prices and 00:24:12.800 --> 00:24:20.960 the margins that they make on certain medications, which are really extremely high and necessary to 00:24:20.960 --> 00:24:32.320 do. I see what you're saying, and I agree. The universities are set up to exclude people. 00:24:32.320 --> 00:24:42.160 I was an English teacher for a while, and the department head told us that we had to 00:24:42.800 --> 00:24:51.120 fail about half of our students, half of the freshmen students. That would indicate that 00:24:51.120 --> 00:24:58.160 their standards were high, but it really meant a failure to teach them adequately. 00:24:58.160 --> 00:25:08.480 Speaking of education, you've written a lot about helping individuals to become healthier 00:25:08.480 --> 00:25:15.440 and having more energy, but it seems that we are always fighting against a stressful environment, 00:25:15.440 --> 00:25:20.720 competitive environment, and obviously this makes things difficult for us to thrive. 00:25:20.720 --> 00:25:28.480 How can we create a healthier society, like a healthier lake, so that the 00:25:28.480 --> 00:25:33.840 fish are healthier, stronger in terms of our context? How can we do that? 00:25:37.040 --> 00:25:45.360 The whole economy is set up in ways that are poisoning our health. People have to commute 00:25:45.360 --> 00:25:55.760 to work and spend hours at work. Usually a big part of that is in meaningless activity just being present. 00:25:59.520 --> 00:26:16.640 I don't think it's possible to maintain the present work environment. Many of the problems that I hear is about the meaninglessness 00:26:16.640 --> 00:26:26.640 of the work that they're doing, seeing the world as having meaning. Your own life doesn't really 00:26:26.640 --> 00:26:34.720 have meaning if you see the world as a meaningless competition for status. 00:26:34.720 --> 00:26:46.000 It always comes back to this. For me and every person that I talk to, the quickest way to make 00:26:46.000 --> 00:26:52.800 our society healthier is to change the way the economy runs. It's just making people sick, 00:26:53.360 --> 00:27:01.520 really. When I hear about robots replacing people, to me that's always good news, 00:27:01.520 --> 00:27:08.480 because I think that's wonderful. That's why we invent the tractors, so that we don't have to do 00:27:08.480 --> 00:27:14.480 the job. But most people in the news, they say, "No, it's a bad thing. Unemployment!" I think it's 00:27:14.480 --> 00:27:25.440 wonderful. 75 years ago and more, I was hearing people talking about automation and how it would 00:27:25.440 --> 00:27:35.200 make it possible for people to have to work only two days a week. In the 1940s, that was the 00:27:35.200 --> 00:27:44.880 calculation that robots would ease everyone's workload. But what it did was make fewer people 00:27:44.880 --> 00:27:53.760 have jobs and increase the unemployed and increase the poverty. 00:27:53.760 --> 00:28:01.600 They are energy productive materials. You talk about a lot of these, like pregnenolone and 00:28:01.600 --> 00:28:08.640 progesterone, things like that, hormones. How about those energy protective thoughts that we can 00:28:08.640 --> 00:28:15.760 entertain in our minds? What effect do they have in our health and which ones are important in 00:28:15.760 --> 00:28:28.880 education to foster? I think from first grade through graduate school, there should be a curriculum 00:28:30.560 --> 00:28:42.320 assuming that the whole world has meaning and that the individual being educated should be 00:28:42.320 --> 00:28:58.480 helped to relate to this world of meaning. As it exists, all of these levels are being funneled 00:28:58.480 --> 00:29:10.800 into serving the industry as it exists, making them better competitors rather than better 00:29:10.800 --> 00:29:24.000 cooperators. That starts early in grade school and you can see it competition to get into medical 00:29:24.000 --> 00:29:33.440 school, for example. The whole college undergraduate experience for people who want to get into medical 00:29:33.440 --> 00:29:47.680 school is invalidated by this competitive focus on getting a good future job. Yeah. I heard that they don't share notes. They don't share notes and things like that. 00:29:49.200 --> 00:30:06.320 The whole culture and language are being deformed by this competitive 00:30:06.320 --> 00:30:15.840 attitude towards education. I taught linguistics for a while, the theory and structure of language. 00:30:19.040 --> 00:30:27.120 My emphasis was on how is communication possible through these 00:30:27.120 --> 00:30:38.880 structures of language. When you have to make up a sentence which has never been spoken before, 00:30:41.280 --> 00:30:54.480 how is a person able to discover your meaning? I think it reduces to the fact that your intention 00:30:54.480 --> 00:31:08.640 to invent and express a new meaning has to elicit an inventive response to invent an understanding 00:31:08.640 --> 00:31:21.200 of your novel, innovative expression. I think you can see communication through language 00:31:21.200 --> 00:31:29.440 as an extension of the actual communication that exists in all animal species. 00:31:31.040 --> 00:31:39.520 Ants and bees, for example, have been studied somewhat for the way they intelligently understand 00:31:39.520 --> 00:31:45.440 novel environments and how they communicate that to other members of the group. 00:31:54.080 --> 00:32:01.760 People at present, in the educational system geared towards competition, people aren't behaving 00:32:01.760 --> 00:32:13.040 as intelligently as ants and bees because they don't realize that expression is always 00:32:13.840 --> 00:32:33.920 inventive and innovative, and delivering something intrinsically useful. So a language reflects our behavior and I'm assuming it works in both ways. If we 00:32:33.920 --> 00:32:41.600 change our language, that could also affect our behavior in my opinion. That's why I'm always 00:32:41.600 --> 00:32:46.960 trying to change the mindset of people when they say, oh, we need to be more competitive. 00:32:46.960 --> 00:32:53.840 I say, no, we need to be more competent if you want, but we don't need to be more competitive. 00:32:53.840 --> 00:33:01.440 We need to be more collaborative. If we make a trendy topic, a trendy word, and we change the 00:33:01.440 --> 00:33:11.120 language, do you agree that these will also change behavior and work in both ways? Yeah, the idea of 00:33:11.120 --> 00:33:21.520 competition in education extends to attitudes towards novel ideas. If you invent something 00:33:22.240 --> 00:33:32.240 useful, the pressure is to copyright it or pass it. Instead of communicating it and getting it into 00:33:32.240 --> 00:33:45.200 work, the artificial scarcity pressures people. Even in university departments, they have 00:33:46.720 --> 00:33:56.960 classified research that they can't talk about -- business... But when you put out ideas, 00:33:56.960 --> 00:34:09.920 you're actually going to have a return with an advantage you get back more than you've put out. 00:34:13.680 --> 00:34:20.880 You shared this quote with me and I really love it, by Bertrand Russell. "The only thing that will 00:34:20.880 --> 00:34:27.840 redeem mankind is cooperation." How do you see this redemption happening in the near future? 00:34:27.840 --> 00:34:43.440 I doubt that it is happening in the near future, but it's something that is always possibly 00:34:43.440 --> 00:34:55.040 only a moment away. It's something that could be instantly started, but there are forces that are 00:34:55.840 --> 00:35:10.240 turning it off faster than it can be started. I think individuals have to see themselves 00:35:11.920 --> 00:35:26.240 as autonomous creators who are going to be enriched by sharing with other autonomous creative 00:35:26.240 --> 00:35:40.160 individuals. I think that's the only kind of process that can't be stopped if people try to 00:35:40.160 --> 00:35:50.320 establish an organized structure in opposition to the ruling class's interests. 00:35:51.520 --> 00:35:57.520 The ruling class always has the means to disrupt that organization. 00:35:57.520 --> 00:36:08.560 So if people see themselves as creative individuals, cooperating organizations will 00:36:08.560 --> 00:36:20.800 be spontaneously come into existence as appropriate. I think that's how intelligence works in the 00:36:20.800 --> 00:36:31.040 animal and plant world. When there's a problem, the organism spontaneously has the intelligence 00:36:31.040 --> 00:36:41.440 to solve the problem appropriately. I think that's how the survival of society is going to 00:36:41.440 --> 00:36:48.320 have to come about. If we understand the laws of physics and the way energy flows and everything, 00:36:48.320 --> 00:36:56.080 it's only a matter of time that we will create enough organization and we will have enough 00:36:56.080 --> 00:37:04.720 intelligence to overcome these issues and overcome the power over control of the ruling class. We 00:37:04.720 --> 00:37:14.240 will succeed as having a thriving civilization. That's the idea that the planet is actually 00:37:15.040 --> 00:37:24.720 increasing in its potential and energy flow. The increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 00:37:24.720 --> 00:37:34.560 for Vernadsky in 1945, that was a very promising thing. He said the metabolic rate of the world is 00:37:34.560 --> 00:37:44.400 increasing. So planetary warming is a constructive thing, increasing the intelligence of all of the 00:37:44.400 --> 00:37:54.320 components of the ecosystems and hopefully of society. Yes, and I agree with that. I tell 00:37:54.320 --> 00:38:00.080 people sometimes that actually warmer planet is better because where do we see more life 00:38:00.080 --> 00:38:05.840 in the tropics. It's not in the North Pole that we see life. Now, I agree that we should get there 00:38:05.840 --> 00:38:10.800 in a natural way, not using any fossil fuels and things like that. We should let 00:38:10.800 --> 00:38:16.480 a natural world take care of things. Any closing thoughts, Dr. Peat, today? 00:38:21.040 --> 00:38:31.360 No, just that things are not as hopeless as they look from the official perspectives. 00:38:31.360 --> 00:38:41.360 When you see the organism, the planet and the cosmos as an organism advancing, 00:38:46.000 --> 00:38:53.680 I think there's reason to have confidence that appropriate intelligence will arise as needed. 00:38:53.680 --> 00:39:00.640 Dr. Peat, we all would like to support your work. I know you keep researching and writing. 00:39:00.640 --> 00:39:05.600 I believe there is a newsletter that you share with people. How can we 00:39:05.600 --> 00:39:10.160 connect with that and support your work through this newsletter? 00:39:11.520 --> 00:39:19.760 The newsletter address and email is raypeatsnewsletter@gmail.com. 00:39:19.760 --> 00:39:27.600 Do we send you a way to sign up for the newsletter? 00:39:27.600 --> 00:39:35.680 Yes, by PayPal. It's $28 for 12 bi-monthly issues. That's two years. 00:39:36.960 --> 00:39:43.200 I will leave the information in the description of this video. Again, Dr. Peat, thank you so much 00:39:43.200 --> 00:39:49.360 for your time today. I really appreciate it. Okay, thank you. I hope you liked that interview. 00:39:49.360 --> 00:39:57.760 We all need to listen to a few times. Dr. Peat definitely points out to critical things in our 00:39:57.760 --> 00:40:05.520 world to move forward, to improve, and please support him. We are lucky that he is still 00:40:05.520 --> 00:40:11.120 doing research and sharing with all of us, so let's just support Dr. Raymond Peat and also support 00:40:11.120 --> 00:40:18.400 this channel and click subscribe, share with your friends, spread the word cooperation. It's the way 00:40:18.400 --> 00:40:26.800 forward cooperation beats competition. Thank you so much and I'll see you on the next.