GPAI Training Transparency

A Quality Assessment of Public Summaries published under AI Act Article 53(1)(d)

The AI Act's Article 53(1)(d) requires General-Purpose AI (GPAI) model providers to "make publicly available a sufficiently detailed summary about the content used for training ... according to a template provided by the AI Office". We evaluate the quality for this documentation across two aspects: Transparency and Usefulness and assign a score using our developed methodology. To assist GPAI Providers, the AI Office, and stakeholders, we also work on providing Recommendations.

Cite as: Blankvoort, D. A. H., Pandit, H. J., & Gahntz, M. (2026). Quality Assessment of Public Summary of Training Content for GPAI models required by AI Act Article 53(1)(d) (preprint). Zenodo. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.18803975

Evaluated Public Summaries

Below is an overview of the evaluation with each model assigned a grade. A+ is the highest grade and F the lowest, with N/A shown for missing summaries. Click the model name to go to the detailed evaluation page which has more information, a link to the summary, and our evaluation notes. You can also see a detailed overview of scores for each section of the public summary.

Model Provider Transparency Usefulness
Apertus Swiss AI Initiative Swiss AI Initiative A A+
Bria 3.2 Bria AI Bria AI B+ A
SmolLM3-3B HuggingFace HuggingFace B+ B+
Bielik v3 11B Instruct SpeakLeash SpeakLeash B+ C+
Phi-4 Microsoft Microsoft D F
Claude Sonnet 4.5 Anthropic Anthropic N/A N/A
Gemini 2.5 Flash Image Google DeepMind Google DeepMind N/A N/A
GPT-5 OpenAI OpenAI N/A N/A
GPT-OSS OpenAI OpenAI N/A N/A
Sora 2 OpenAI OpenAI N/A N/A