---
'id': '001_094'
'audioUrl': 'http://www.iqbal.com.pk/mp3/Zia%20Muhauddin%20Reads%20Bang%20e%20Dara/094-%20Bilaad-e-Islamia.mp3'
'heading':
- 'lang': 'ur'
  'text': 'بلاد اسلاميہ'
- 'lang': 'en'
  'text': 'THE ISLAMIC CITIES'
'description':
- 'lang': 'en'
  'text': 'The rise and fall of he Muslim Ummah was a very favorite topic with ‘Allamah Iqbal. His pride at the achievements of the Ummah during the period of its glory knew no bounds, and similar was his grief at its decline and degeneration down to his days. The latest wound to his heart was the destruction of the Uthmaniyah Khilafah and its dismemberment into secular nation states. This tragedy was, in a great measure, brought about by the untimely rebellion of the Arab world, which can only be called a treason. However, the purpose of bringing both these aspects to the Muslim Ummah’s attention was to remind it of its past glory and to persuade it to start the difficult but not impossible task of reformation which would lead to its rejuvenation and renaissance. This poem is one such effort, and deals with just one aspect of the Islamic civilization, viz. the grandeur of its cities.'
'sher':
- 'id': '001_094_001'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'سرزميں دلي کي مسجود دل غم ديدہ ہے | ذرے ذرے ميں لہو اسلاف کا خوابيدہ ہے'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'The region of Delhi is adored by my grieved heart | In every speck of it the ancestors’ blood is asleep'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'Delhi'
      'meaning': 'Delhi- Delhi was also called Shahjahanabad or Jahanabad after its re-establishment by the famous Mughal Emperor, Shahjahan (reigned 1627-57). Except for short periods of time it was the capital of several Muslim dynasties for a period of 664 years from 1193 to 1857. It was conquered by Sulèan Quèb al-Dan Aibak in 1193 who made it his capital, and was lost to the British in 1857 after the unfortunate defeat of the India’s freedom fighters in the first war of independence. During this long period it was not only the political capital of the Muslim India but was also a showpiece of their cultural, social and intellectual progress and achievements. It was not only the seat of some of the best and most powerful emperors of India, as is exhibited by its buildings and other historical relics, but was also the rendezvous of the best spiritual, ecclesiastical and temporal scholars of the world. Qureshi (1942) says, “ It is now being gradually recognized that the Sultanate was a part of the greater world of Islam, that it possessed intimate sources of knowledge about the rest of the Muslim world, in particular the Eastern lands, and that the history and institutions of the empire of Delhi cannot be properly understood if they are separated from the general background of Islamic History.” (p. vi). “ Delhi became the most enlightened city of the East and the fame of the Sultanate spread into the four corners of the Muslim world” (p. 5). This status of Delhi entitles it to be the starting point of this poem.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Sarzameen Dilli Ki Masjood-E-Dil-E-Gham Didah Hai | Zarre Zarre Mein Lahoo Aslaaf Ka Khawabidah Hai'
- 'id': '001_094_002'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'پاک اس اجڑے گلستاں کي نہ ہو کيونکر زميں | خانقاہ عظمت اسلام ہے يہ سرزميں'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Why should not the land of this desolate garden be holy? | This region is the shrine of the grandeur of Islam'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Paak Iss Ujhre Gulistan Ki Na Ho Kyunkar Zameen | Khanqah-E-Azmat-E-Islam Hai Ye Sarzameen'
- 'id': '001_094_003'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'سوتے ہيں اس خاک ميں خير الامم کے تاجدار | نظم عالم کا رہا جن کي حکومت پر مدار'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Kings of the Khair al-Umam are asleep in this land | Dependent on whose rule remained the world order'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'al-Umam'
      'meaning': 'the greater part of the suzerainty of Muslims the Muslim world has consisted of three important regions, viz (1) the Eastern region with its center at Delhi, (ii) the Central region with its center at Baghdad and Qusèunèuniyah (Constantinople) and (iii) the Western region with its centre at Qurtubah (Cordoba) in Islamic Spain. ‘Allamah Iqbal describes the glories of all of them in this poem. This is followed by his tribute to Madanah Munawwarah and Makkah Mu‘aïïamah which are the original spiritual centers of the Islamic world and the Muslim’s heart.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Sote Hain Iss Khaak Mein Khair-Ul-Ummam Ke Tajdar | Nazam-E-Alam Ka Raha Jin Ki Hukumat Par Madar'
- 'id': '001_094_004'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'دل کو تڑپاتي ہے اب تک گرمي محفل کي ياد | جل چکا حاصل مگر محفوظ ہے حاصل کي ياد'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Memory of assembly’s warmth still renders the heart restless | The splendor has been burnt but memory of the splendor is still secure'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Dil Ko Tarpati Hai Ab Taak Garmi-E-Mehfil Ki Yaad | Jal Chuka Hasil Magar Mehfooz Hai Hasil Ki Yaad'
- 'id': '001_094_005'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'ہے زيارت گاہ مسلم گو جہان آباد بھي | اس کرامت کا مگر حق دار ہے بغداد بھي'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Though Jahanabad also is a shrine for the Muslim | Baghdad as well is deserving of this magnificence'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'Jahanabad'
      'meaning': '“Khair al-Umam-” The title of the Muslim Ummah as is conferred on them by the Holy Qur’an 3:110.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
    - 'phrase': 'Baghdad'
      'meaning': 'Same as refernce no. 1'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Hai Ziaratgah-E-Muslim Go Jahan Abad Bhi | Iss Karamat Ka Magar Haqdar Hai Baghdad Bhi'
- 'id': '001_094_006'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'يہ چمن وہ ہے کہ تھا جس کے ليے سامان ناز | لالہ صحرا جسے کہتے ہيں تہذيب حجاز'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'This is the garden the source of whose pride was | The wild tulip which was called the culture of Hijaz'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Ye Chaman Woh Hai Ke Tha Jis Ke Liye Saman-E-Naz | Lala’ay Sehra Jise Kehte Hain Tehzeeb-E-Hijaz'
- 'id': '001_094_007'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'خاک اس بستي کي ہو کيونکر نہ ہمدوش ارم | جس نے ديکھے جانشينان پيمبر کے قدم'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Why should not the dust of this habitation be equivalent to Iram | Which witnessed the footsteps of the Prophet’s successors'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'Iram'
      'meaning': 'Baghdad- it is one of the world’s oldest cities and is situated in Iraq. It remained the capital of the Abbasid Dynasty for about 450 years from the middle of the eighth to the middle of the twelfth centuries. For this period it is well known for its achievements in the fields of learning, art and culture as well as its cosmopolitan nature. Though it preceded Delhi’s glory it was in no way different from that.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Khak Iss Basti Ki Ho Kyunkar Na Humdosh-E-Iram | Jis Ne Dekhe Janasheenan-E-Peyambar (S.A.W.W.) Ke Qadam'
- 'id': '001_094_008'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'جس کے غنچے تھے چمن ساماں ، وہ گلشن ہے يہي | کاپنتا تھا جن سے روما ، ان کا مدفن ہے يہي'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'The garden whose flower buds were the garden’s wealth is this | The grave yard of those who made Rome tremble is this'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'this'
      'meaning': 'Iram- This was a famous garden in Yemen, established on the model of Paradise by Shaddad, an ancient king. This word is also used for Paradise.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Jis Ke Gunche The Chaman Saman, Woh Gulshan Hai Yehi | Kanpta Tha Jin Se Roma, Un Ka Madfan Hai Yehi'
- 'id': '001_094_009'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'ہے زمين قرطبہ بھي ديدہء مسلم کا نور | ظلمت مغرب ميں جو روشن تھي مثل شمع طور'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'The land of Qurtubah also is the light of the Muslim’s eye | Which shined in Europe’s darkness like the candle of tur'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'Qurtubah'
      'meaning': 'Allusion to the struggle of the Muslim mujahids whose struggle in the cause of God and Islam shook up and ultimately destroyed the Eastern or the Byzantine part of the Roman Empire.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
    - 'phrase': 'tur'
      'meaning': 'Qurèubah (Cordova)- This important city in north-central Spain was the capital of the Muslim Khilafah in Andalus (Spain) for about three centuries from the middle of the eighth to the middle of the eleventh centuries. During this period its contribution to the strength of the Muslims and Islam in Spain as well as its rich and intellectual culture is famous. ‘Allamah Iqbal was very much moved during his visit to Spain in 1933, which is reflected in several poems in his book Bal-i-Jibral, the most important of which is “Masjid-i-Qurèubah” (written in Spain, particularly in Cordova), which can be appreciated and enjoyed only by reading the poem itself. However, the following two verses are presented as a small sample:'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Hai Zameen-E-Qurtuba Bhi Didah-E-Muslim Ka Noor | Zulmat-E-Maghrib Mein Jo Roshan Thi Misl-E-Shama-E-Toor'
- 'id': '001_094_010'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'بجھ کے بزم ملت بيضا پريشاں کر گئي | اور ديا تہذيب حاضر کا فروزاں کر گئي'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Extinguishing of this lamp dispersed the assembly of Millat-i-Baiza | And lighted the lamp of the present day’s materialistic civilization'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'Millat-i-Baiza'
      'meaning': 'The signal of the Man of God is your majesty and beauty'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Bujh Ke Bazm-E-Millat-E-Baiza Preshan Kar Gyi | Aur Diya Tehzeeb-E-Hazir Ka Farozaan Kar Gyi'
- 'id': '001_094_011'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'قبر اس تہذيب کي يہ سر زمين پاک ہے | جس سے تاک گلشن يورپ کي رگ نم ناک ہے'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'This holy region is the grave of that civilization | With which the life blood still exists in the veins of Europe’s vines'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'vines'
      'meaning': 'has majesty and beauty as you have majesty and beauty'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Qabar Uss Tehzeeb Ki Ye Sarzameen-E-Paak Hai | Jis Se Taak-E-Gulshan-E-Yourap Ki Rag Namnaak Hai'
- 'id': '001_094_012'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'خطہ قسطنطنيہ يعني قيصر کا ديار | مہدي امت کي سطوت کا نشان پائدار'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'The tract of Constantinople that is the Caesar’s city | The perpetual banner of the grandeur of the Ummah’s Mahda'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'Constantinople'
      'meaning': 'The K’abah of the people of learning! The grandeur of Islam'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
    - 'phrase': 'Mahda'
      'meaning': 'have made the Andalus region equal in rank to the Haram'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Khitta-E-Qustuntuniya Yani Qaisar Ka Diyar | Mehdi-E-Ummat Ki Satwat Ka Nishan-E-Paidar'
- 'id': '001_094_013'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'صورت خاک حرم يہ سر زميں بھي پاک ہے | آستان مسند آرائے شہ لولاک ہے'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Like the Haram’s dust this region is also holy | It is the shrine of descendants of Shah-i-Lawlak'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'Shah-i-Lawlak'
      'meaning': 'Allusion to the leading role of Qurtubah in the spread of knowledge in Europe. Cf.:'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Soorat-E-Khaak-E-Haram Ye Sarzameen Bhi Paak Hai | Astaan-E-Masnad Araye Shah-E-Loulaak (S.A.W.W.) Hai'
- 'id': '001_094_014'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'نکہت گل کي طرح پاکيزہ ہے اس کي ہوا | تربت ايوب انصاري سے آتي ہے صدا'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Its breeze is holy like the fragrance of rose | A voice is calling from the tomb of Ayyub Ansara'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'Ansara'
      'meaning': 'Whose vision educating the East and the West was'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Nikhat-E-Gul Ki Tarah Pakeezah Hai Iss Ki Hawa | Turbat-E-Ayub Ansari (R.A.) Se Ati Hai Sada'
- 'id': '001_094_015'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'اے مسلماں! ملت اسلام کا دل ہے يہ شہر | سينکڑوں صديوں کي کشت و خوں کا حاصل ہے يہ شہر'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': '“O Muslim! this city is the heart of the Nation of Islam ! | This city is the reward for millenniums of blood sacrifices!”'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Ae Musalman! Millat-E-Islam Ka Dil Hai Ye Shehar | Saikron Sadiyon Ki Kusht-O-Khoon Ka Hasil Hai Ye Shehar'
- 'id': '001_094_016'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'وہ زميں ہے تو مگر اے خواب گاہ مصطفي | ديد ہے کعبے کو تيري حج اکبر سے سوا'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'But you are that land, O the resting place of Mustafa | Even to the Ka`bah whose sight is better than Hajj-i-Akbar'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'Hajj-i-Akbar'
      'meaning': 'intellect beacon of light in Europe’s darkness was'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Woh Zameen Hai Tu Magar Ae Khawab Gah-E-Mustafa (S.A.W.W.) | Deed Hai Kaabe Ko Teri Hajj-E-Akbar Se Sawa'
- 'id': '001_094_017'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'خاتم ہستي ميں تو تاباں ہے مانند نگيں | اپني عظمت کي ولادت گاہ تھي تيري زميں'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'In the world’s ring you are shining like a gem | Your land was the birth place of our grandeur'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Khatam-E-Hasti Mein Tu Taban Hai Manind-E-Nageen | Apni Azmat Ki Waladat Gah Thi Teri Zameen'
- 'id': '001_094_018'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'تجھ ميں راحت اس شہنشاہ معظم کو ملي | جس کے دامن ميں اماں اقوام عالم کو ملي'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'That Magnificent Emperor got rest in your midst | Under whose protection the world nations got security'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Tujh Mein Rahat Uss Shehanshah-E-Moazam (S.A.W.W.) Ko Mili | Jis Ke Daman Mein Aman Aqwam-E-Alam Ko Mili'
- 'id': '001_094_019'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'نام ليوا جس کے شاہنشاہ عالم کے ہوئے | جانشيں قيصر کے ، وارث مسند جم کے ہوئے'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Whose successors became rulers of world’s empires | Became successors of Caesar, inheritors of Jam’s throne'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'throne'
      'meaning': 'Millat-i-Baiza - It means “the nation like the illuminated egg ”, which comes from the bright egg-shaped mark on the palm of S. Musa A.S. Conferred by God at Mount tur ( The Holy Qur’an 27:12). ‘Allamah Iqbal has frequently used this name for the Muslim Ummah.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Naam Lewa Jis Ke Shahanshah Alam Ke Huway | Janasheen Qaisar Ke, Waris Masnad-E-Jim Ke Huway'
- 'id': '001_094_020'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'ہے اگر قوميت اسلام پابند مقام | ہند ہي بنياد ہے اس کي ، نہ فارس ہے ، نہ شام'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'If the Muslim nationalism is restricted to place | Neither India nor Persia nor Syria is its base'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Hai Agar Qoumiat-E-Islam Paband-E-Maqam | Hind Hi Bunyaad Hai Iss Ki, Na Faris Hai, Na Shaam'
- 'id': '001_094_021'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'آہ يثرب! ديس ہے مسلم کا تو ، ماوا ہے تو | نقطہ جاذب تاثر کي شعاعوں کا ہے تو'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Ah Yathrib! You are the Muslim’s homeland and his shelter | You are the focal point of the rays of his inner feelings'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'Yathrib!'
      'meaning': 'Allusion to the fact that Europe’s material and intellectual progress is the result of the light of learning radiating from Cordova and its educational institutions which brought about the Reformation and Renaissance in Europe.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Ah Yasrib! Dais Hai Muslim Ka Tu, Mawa Hai Tu | Nukta’ay Jazib Tassar Ki Shuaon Ka Hai Tu'
- 'id': '001_094_022'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'جب تلک باقي ہے تو دنيا ميں ، باقي ہم بھي ہيں | صبح ہے تو اس چمن ميں گوہر شبنم بھي ہيں'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'As long as you exist, we will also flourish in the world | You are the morning of this garden we are the dew’s pearls'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'pearls'
      'meaning': 'Qusèunèuniyah (Constantinople)- This the third of the Muslim city which saw the beauty and grandeur of the Muslim world. It was the capital of the Uthmaniya Khilafah from 1453 to 1921. It was originally established by the Romans and called Constantinople by them after the Emperor Constantine (280-337). This is referred to in the first hemistich of this verse.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Jab Talak Baqi Hai Tu Dunya Mein, Baqi Hum Bhi Hain | Subah Hai Tou Iss Chaman Mein Gohar-E-Shabnam Bhi Hain'