---
'id': '001_144'
'audioUrl': 'http://www.iqbal.com.pk/mp3/Zia%20Muhauddin%20Reads%20Bang%20e%20Dara/144-%20Nanak.mp3'
'heading':
- 'lang': 'ur'
  'text': 'نانک'
- 'lang': 'en'
  'text': 'NANAK'
'description':
- 'lang': 'en'
  'text': 'Out of the many differences between Islam and Hinduism the two most important ones in the view of ‘Allamah Iqbal are (I) Tawhad-i-Ilah (Unity of God) and (ii) Tawhad-i-Insaniyat (Unity of mankind). These two religions are diametrically opposed to each other in these two respects. In the ‘Allamah’s view the second emanates from the first and is more important. Hinduism is an amalgam of traditions and rituals, of devotional and philosophical systems, built over the past 4500 years, arising from the indigenous Dravidian cults and successive invasions from outside, especially those of Aryans (2000-1500 B.C.). The oldest existing religious book of Hindus is the Vedas (Ca. 500 B.C.). In the context of this poem the Hindu society is traditionally divided into four classes or castes. viz. (i) Brahman (priests) (ii) Khashtrya (noble warriors) (iii) Vaishya (merchants and farmers) and (iv) Shudra (workers). The last mentioned are also untouchables. This abominable system of dividing humanity into four separate and completely immiscible classes is against the teachings of Islam (The Holy Qur’an 49:13) and this forms the subject matter of this poem. Its evils are described in the poem. However, the ‘Allamah also pays tribute to two other religious reformers of the Indian sub-continent, viz. Gautam Buddha and Nanak. The first protest against the caste system came from Siddharta Gautam Buddha. Buddha’s rejection of the caste system and declaration that all humanity is one is dealt with in this poem. The second reform came in the 16th century in the form of Sikhism founded by Guru Nanak. This religion was a movement for reformation of Hinduism under the strong influence of Islam. Renunciation of the caste system is among the strongest pillars of the Sikh religion (See the last two verses of the poem).'
'sher':
- 'id': '001_144_001'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'قوم نے پيغام گو تم کي ذرا پروا نہ کي | قدر پہچاني نہ اپنے گوہر يک دانہ کي'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'The nation did not care for the message of Gautam at all | The value of its own single pearl it did not appreciate at all'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'pearl'
      'meaning': 'In the Urdu and Persian literary works a belief is expressed that pearls are formed in the oyster shell by the spring rain drops. If the shell is contented with one drop only one pearl is formed. Such a pearl is larger in size and superior in brightness than those of the shells with many pearls.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Qoum Ne Pegham-e-Gautam Ki Zara Parwa Na Ki | Qadar Na Pehchani Na Apne Gohar-e-Yak Dana Ki'
- 'id': '001_144_002'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'آہ! بد قسمت رہے آواز حق سے بے خبر | غافل اپنے پھل کي شيريني سے ہوتا ہے شجر'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Ah! The unfortunate nation remained unaware of the call of the Truth | The tree is unaware of the sweetness of its own fruit'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Ah! Bad-Qismat Rahe Azwaz-e-Haq Se Be Khabar | Ghafil Apne Phal Ki Sheerini Se Hota Hai Shajar'
- 'id': '001_144_003'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'آشکار اس نے کيا جو زندگي کا راز تھا | ہند کو ليکن خيالي فلسفے پر ناز تھا'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'He exhibited whatever the secret of life was | But India proud of its visionary philosophy was'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Ashakara Uss Ne Kiya Jo Zindagi Ka Raaz Tha | Hind Ko Lekin Khayali Falsafe Par Naaz Tha'
- 'id': '001_144_004'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'شمع حق سے جو منور ہو يہ وہ محفل نہ تھي | بارش رحمت ہوئي ليکن زميں قابل نہ تھي'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'The assembly which could be illuminated by Truth’s light was not this | The rain of mercy did come but the soil was not suitable!'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Shama-e-Haq Se Jo Munawwar Ho Ye Woh Mehfil Na Thi | Barish-e-Rehmat Huwi Lekin Zameen Qabil Na Thi'
- 'id': '001_144_005'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'آہ! شودر کے ليے ہندوستاں غم خانہ ہے | درد انساني سے اس بستي کا دل بيگانہ ہے'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'Ah ! India is a place of sorrow for the Shudra | This habitation’s heart is unaware of human sympathy'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Aah! Shudar Ke Liye Hindustan Ghum Khana Hai | Dard-e-Insani Se Iss Basti Dil Begana Gai'
- 'id': '001_144_006'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'برہمن سرشار ہے اب تک مےء پندار ميں | شمع گو تم جل رہي ہے محفل اغيار ميں'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'The Brahman is still intoxicated with the wine of arrogance | Gautam’s candle is alight in the assembly of strangers'
    'notes':
    - 'phrase': 'strangers'
      'meaning': 'Allusion to the fact that on account of the atrocities perpetrated by Hindus on the Buddhists in the Indian Sub-continent. Buddhism all but disappeared from that region by about the commencement of the Christian era. However, the Buddhists migrated to the neighboring countries of Ceylon (present day Sri Lanka), Burma, Malaya, China and Japan, where it flourished and still exists.'
      'occurrence': !!int '1'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Barhman Sarshar Hai Ab Tak Mai-e-Pindar Mein | Shama-e-Gautam Jal Rahi Hai Mehfil-e-Aghyar Mein'
- 'id': '001_144_007'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'بت کدہ پھر بعد مدت کے مگر روشن ہوا | نور ابراہيم سے آزر کا گھر روشن ہوا'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'However, the temple again became lighted after eons | The house of Azar became lighted with Ibraham’s light'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Butkada Phir Baad Muddat Ke Magar Roshan Huwa | Noor-e-Ibraheem Se Azar Ka Ghar Roshan Huwa'
- 'id': '001_144_008'
  'meta': !!bool 'false'
  'sherContent':
  - 'lang': 'ur'
    'text': 'پھر اٹھي آخر صدا توحيد کي پنجاب سے | ہند کو اک مرد کامل نے جگايا خواب سے'
  - 'lang': 'en'
    'text': 'At last the call of Tawhad rose from the Punjab again! | A perfect man roused India from its slumber again!'
  - 'lang': 'ro'
    'text': 'Phir Uthi Akhir Sada Touheed Ki Punjab Se | Hind Ko Ek Mard-e-Kamil Ne Jagaya Khawab Se'