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"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","2022-09-05","2022-09-07","2022","10.3934/mbe.2022608","2024-08-09","1551-0018","12","2022","2321","13028-13049","10.3934","American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS)","1","Crossref","38","38","4","Modelling and stability analysis of ASFV with swill and the virus in the environment","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2022608","19","<jats:p xml:lang=""fr"">&lt;abstract&gt;&lt;p&gt;African swine fever (ASF) is an acute, hemorrhagic and severe infectious disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), and leads to a serious threat to the pig industry in China. Yet the impact of the virus in the environment and contaminated swill on the ASFV transmission is unclear in China. Then we build the ASFV transmission model with the virus in the environment and swill. We compute the basic reproduction number, and prove that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when $ R_0 &amp;lt; 1 $ and the unique endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when $ R_0 &amp;gt; 1 $. Using the public information, parameter values are evaluated. PRCCs and eFAST sensitivity analysis reveal that the release rate of ASFV from asymptomatic and symptomatic infectious pigs and the proportion of pig products from infectious pigs to swill have a significant impact on the ASFV transmission. Our findings suggest that the virus in the environment and contaminated swill contribute to the ASFV transmission. Our results may help animal health to prevent and control the ASFV transmission.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/abstract&gt;</jats:p>","MBE","list(given = c(""Haitao"", ""Lirong"", ""Zhen"", ""Shengqiang""), family = c(""Song"", ""Guo"", ""Jin"", ""Liu""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"", ""Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"", ""Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"", NA), affiliation2.name = c(""Shanxi Key Laboratory of Mathematical Techniques and Big Data Analysis, on disease Control and Prevention, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"", 
""Shanxi Key Laboratory of Mathematical Techniques and Big Data Analysis, on disease Control and Prevention, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"", ""Shanxi Key Laboratory of Mathematical Techniques and Big Data Analysis, on disease Control and Prevention, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"", NA), affiliation3.name = c(NA, ""School of Mathematical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"", NA, NA), affiliation.name = c(NA, NA, NA, ""School of Mathematical Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China""
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""H. Song, G. Fan, Y. Liu, X. Wang, D. He, The Second Wave of COVID-19 in South and Southeast Asia and the Effects of Vaccination, <i>Front. Med.</i>, <b>8</b> (2021), 773110. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.773110"", ""H. Song, F. Liu, F. Li, C. Cao, H. Wang, Z. Jia, et al., Modeling the second outbreak of COVID-19 with isolation and contact tracing, <i>Discrete Cont. Dyn.-B</i>, <b>27</b> (2022), 5757–5777. https://doi.org/10.3934/dcdsb.2021294"", ""H. Song, Z. Jin, C. Shan, L. Chang, The spatial and temporal effects of Fog-Haze pollution on the influenza transmission, <i>Int. J. Biomath.</i>, (2022), 2250096. <a href=\""https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793524522500966\"" target=\""_blank\"">https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793524522500966</a>"", 
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"Axioms","2022-07-06","2024-08-01",NA,"10.3390/axioms11070329","2025-06-13","2075-1680","7","2022-07-06","1968","329","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","28","28","6","The SLI-SC Mathematical Model of African Swine Fever Transmission among Swine Farms: The Effect of Contaminated Human Vector","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11070329","11","<jats:p>In this paper, a mathematical model for African swine fever is modified by considering the swine farm with the contaminated human vector that is able to infect and spread the disease among swine farms. In the developed model, we have divided the swine farm density into three related groups, namely the susceptible swine farm compartment, latent swine farm compartment, and infectious swine farm compartment. On the other hand, the human vector population density has been separated into two classes, namely the susceptible human vector compartment and the infectious human vector compartment. After that, we use this model and a quarantine strategy to analyze the spread of the infection. In addition, the basic reproduction number R0 is determined by using the next-generation matrix, which can analyze the stability of the model. Finally, the numerical simulations of the proposed model are illustrated to confirm the results from theorems. The results showed that the transmission coefficient values per unit of time per individual between the human vector and the swine farm resulted in the spread of African swine fever.</jats:p>","Axioms","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4720-6439"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5485-8956"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-3789"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8651-136X"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-4395""), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE), given = c(""Pearanat"", ""Din"", ""Kamonchat"", ""Wasan"", ""Inthira""), family = c(""Chuchard"", ""Prathumwan"", ""Trachoo"", ""Maiaugree"", ""Chaiya""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand"", 
""Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"", ""Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand"", ""Division of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Bangkok 12120, Thailand"", ""Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand""))","list(URL = ""https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/11/7/329/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref_1"", ""ref_2"", ""ref_3"", ""ref_4"", ""ref_5"", ""ref_6"", ""ref_7"", ""ref_8"", ""ref_9"", ""ref_10"", ""ref_11"", ""ref_12"", ""ref_13"", ""ref_14"", ""ref_15"", ""ref_16"", ""ref_17"", ""ref_18"", ""ref_19"", ""ref_20"", ""ref_21"", ""ref_22"", ""ref_23"", ""ref_24"", ""ref_25"", ""ref_26"", ""ref_27"", ""ref_28""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Epidemiological considerations on African swine fever in Europe 2014–2018"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Stochastic spatio-temporal modelling of African swine fever spread in the European Union during the high risk period"", NA, ""Analysis, modeling and optimal control of COVID-19 outbreak with three forms of infection in Democratic Republic of the Congo"", NA, ""Estimation of the transmission dynamics of African swine fever virus within a swine house"", ""Analysis and optimal control of a mathematical modeling of the spread of African swine fever virus with a case study of South Korea and cost-effectiveness"", 
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NA, ""Wu, K., Liu, J., Wang, L., Fan, S., Li, Z., Li, Y., Yi, L., Ding, H., Zhao, M., and Chen, J. (2020). Current State of Global African Swine Fever Vaccine Development under the Prevalence and Transmission of ASF in China. Vaccines, 8."", ""Galindo, I., and Alonso, C. (2017). African Swine Fever Virus: A Review. Viruses, 9."", ""Agriculture and Consumer Protection Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2022, May 16). ASF Situation in Asia & Pacific Update. Available online: https://www.swineweb.com/asf-situation-in-asia-pacific-update."", 
""Turlewicz-Podbielska, H., Kuriga, A., Niemyjski, R., Tarasiuk, G., and Pomorska-Mól, M. (2021). African Swine Fever Virus as a Difficult Opponent in the Fight for a Vaccine—Current Data. Viruses, 13."", ""Meloni, D., Franzoni, G., and Oggiano, A. (2022). Cell Lines for the Development of African Swine Fever Virus Vaccine Candidates: An Update. Vaccines, 10."", NA, ""Lee, H.S., Thakur, K.K., Pham-Thanh, L., Dao, T.D., Bui, A.N., Bui, V.N., and Quang, H.N. (2021). A stochastic network-based model to simulate farm-level transmission of African swine fever virus in Vietnam. PLoS ONE, 16."", 
NA, ""Barongo, M.B., Bishop, R.P., Fèvre, E.M., Knobel, D.L., and Ssematimba, A. (2016). A Mathematical Model that Simulates Control Options for African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV). PLoS ONE, 11."", NA, NA, NA, ""Mai, T.N., Sekiguchi, S., Huynh, T.M.L., Cao, T.B.P., Le, V.P., Dong, V.H., Vu, V.A., and Wiratsudakul, A. (2022). Dynamic Models of Within-Herd Transmission and Recommendation for Vaccination Coverage Requirement in the Case of African Swine Fever in Vietnam. Vet. Sci., 9."", NA, NA, NA, ""Prathumwan, D., Trachoo, K., and Chaiya, I. (2020). Mathematical Modeling for Prediction Dynamics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic, Quarantine Control Measures. Symmetry, 12."", 
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), article.title = c(""Detection and monitoring of mosquito flaviviruses in Spain between 2001 and 2005"", ""West Nile virus epidemic in horses, Tuscany region, Italy"", ""Mapping the serological prevalence rate of West Nile fever in Equids, Tunisia"", ""First detection of co-circulation of West Nile and Usutu viruses in equids in the south-west of Tunisia"", ""West Nile disease epidemiology in north-west Africa: Bibliographical review"", ""Combining global and local estimates for spatial distribution of mosquito larval habitats"", 
""Spatio-temporal patterns of distribution of West Nile virus vectors in eastern Piedmont Region, Italy"", ""Emergence of Equine West Nile Encephalitis in Central Macedonia, Greece, 2010"", ""Experimental infection of horses with West Nile virus"", ""Epidemiology of West Nile in Europe and in the Mediterranean Basin"", ""Clinical and neuropathological features of West Nile virus equine encephalomyelitis in Italy"", ""West Nile virus infection of horses"", NA, ""Predictive modeling of West Nile virus transmission risk in the Mediterranean Basin: How far from landing?"", 
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""Serosurvey of West Nile virus and other flaviviruses of the Japanese encephalitis antigenic complex in birds from Andalusia, southern Spain"", ""West Nile fever outbreak in horses and humans, Spain, 2010"", ""Seroprevalence and risk factors associated to West Nile virus in horses from Andalusia, Southern Spain"", ""Monitoring of the West Nile virus epidemic in Spain between 2010 and 2011"", ""Spatio-temporal trends and risk factors affecting West Nile virus and related flavivirus exposure in Spanish wild ruminants"", 
""Effects of temperature on emergence and seasonality of West Nile virus in California"", ""Epidemiology and transmission dynamics of West Nile Virus disease"", ""Emergence of West Nile virus lineage 2 in Europe: A review on the introduction and spread of a mosquito-borne disease"", ""Cross-validation of species distribution models: Removing spatial sorting bias and calibration with a null model"", NA, ""West Nile fever-a reemerging mosquito-borne viral disease in Europe"", NA, ""West Nile virus in golden eagles, Spain, 2007"", 
""A K-fold averaging cross-validation procedure"", ""Monitoring of West Nile virus, Usutu virus and Meaban virus in waterfowl used as decoys and wild raptors in southern Spain"", ""West Nile virus in Spain: Report of the first diagnosed case (in Spain) in a human with aseptic meningitis"", ""Diagnosis of West Nile virus infection in horses"", ""Flushing effect of rain on container-inhabiting mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)"", ""A space-time permutation scan statistic for disease outbreak detection"", 
""Equine encephalomyelitis outbreak caused by a genetic lineage 2 West Nile virus in Hungary"", NA, ""Ecological niche modelling of potential West Nile virus vector mosquito species and their geographical association with equine epizootics in Italy"", ""West Nile outbreak in horses in southern France, 2000: The return after 35 years"", ""Equine West Nile encephalitis, United States"", ""Exploring the spatio-temporal dynamics of reservoir hosts, vectors, and human hosts of West Nile virus: A review of the recent literature"", 
""Genetic characterization of West Nile virus lineage 2, Greece, 2010"", ""Ongoing outbreak of West Nile virus infections in humans in Greece, July-August 2010"", ""Climate change impacts on West Nile virus transmission in a global context"", ""Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions"", ""Clinical diagnosis of West Nile fever in equids by classification and regression tree (CART) analysis and comparative study of clinical appearance in three European countries"", ""OAS1 polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to West Nile encephalitis in horses"", 
""The challenge of West Nile virus in Europe: Knowledge gaps and research priorities"", ""Serologic surveillance for West Nile virus and other flaviviruses in febrile patients, encephalitic patients, and asymptomatic blood donors in northern Mexico"", ""Identification of suitable areas for West Nile virus outbreaks in equid populations for application in surveillance plans: The example of the Castile and Leon region of Spain"", ""Clinical sentinel surveillance of equine West Nile fever, Spain"", ""Risk mapping of West Nile virus circulation in Spain, 2015"", 
""West Nile virus in Morocco, 2003"", ""Immunization with heterologous flaviviruses protective against fatal West Nile encephalitis"", ""A geographical information system-based multicriteria evaluation to map areas at risk for Rift Valley fever vector-borne transmission in Italy"", ""Use of wild bird surveillance, human case data and GIS spatial analysis for predicting spatial distributions of West Nile virus in Greece"", ""Can horses be clinically screened for West Nile fever?"", ""West Nile and Usutu viruses in mosquitoes in Spain, 2008-2009""
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""Identification of canine parvovirus with the Q370R point mutation in the VP2 gene from a giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)"", ""BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT"", ""Phylogenetic analysis reveals the emergence, evolution and dispersal of carnivore parvoviruses"", ""The natural host range shift and subsequent evolution of canine parvovirus resulted from virus-specific binding to the canine transferrin receptor"", ""Predominance of canine parvovirus (CPV) in unvaccinated cat populations and emergence of new antigenic types of CPVs in cats"", 
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NA, ""10.1111/j.2041-210X.2012.00237.x"", NA, NA), article.title = c(""African swine fever in the North Caucasus region and the Russian Federation in years 2007-2012."", ""African swine fever virus isolate, Georgia, 2007."", ""Molecular characterization of African swine fever virus, China, 2018."", ""Emergence of African swine fever in China, 2018."", NA, ""Pathogenesis of African swine fever in domestic pigs and European wild boar."", NA, ""Induced African swine fever in feral pigs."", NA, ""Transmission routes of African swine fever virus to domestic pigs: current knowledge and future research directions."", 
""Survival of several porcine viruses in different Spanish dry-cured meat products."", ""On a form of swine fever occurring in British East Africa (Kenya Colony)."", ""Is there a risk for introducing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Through the Legal Importation of Pork?"", ""African swine fever virus, Siberia, Russia, 2017."", NA, NA, NA, ""Epidemiological analyses of African swine fever in the European Union (November 2017 until November 2018)."", ""Investigation into the role of potentially contaminated feed as a source of the first-detected outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea in Canada."", 
""Investigating the introduction of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus into an Ohio swine operation."", ""Survival of viral pathogens in animal feed ingredients under transboundary shipping models."", ""Evaluation of the minimum infectious dose of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in virus-inoculated feed."", ""An evaluation of contaminated complete feed as a vehicle for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection of naïve pigs following consumption via natural feeding behavior: proof of concept."", ""Modeling the transboundary risk of feed ingredients contaminated with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus."", 
""African swine fever virus introduction into the EU in 2014: Experience of Latvia."", ""Genetically edited pigs lacking CD163 show no resistance following infection with the African swine fever virus isolate, Georgia 2007/1."", NA, NA, NA, ""A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints."", NA, ""Probability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infection as a function of exposure route and dose."", ""A method to provide improved dose-response estimates for airborne pathogens in animals: an example using porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus."", 
""Continual reassessment method: a practical design for phase 1 clinical trials in cancer."", NA, ""Course and transmission characteristics of oral low-dose infection of domestic pigs and European wild boar with a Caucasian African swine fever virus isolate."", ""Pathogenesis of highly virulent African swine fever virus in domestic pigs exposed via intraoropharyngeal, intranasopharyngeal, and intramuscular inoculation, and by direct contact with infected pigs."", ""Quantitative aspects of the transmission of African swine fever."", 
""The epizootiology of African swine fever in Africa."", ""Pathogenesis of African swine fever in pigs naturally exposed to the disease."", ""Pathogenesis of African swine fever in young pigs."", ""Studies on the pathogenesis of African swine fever. I. Quantitative studies on the sequential development of virus in pig tissues."", ""Development of a TaqMan PCR assay with internal amplification control for the detection of African swine fever virus."", ""Improving precision and reducing bias in biological surveys: estimating false‐negative error rates."", 
""Surveillance of vector-borne pathogens under imperfect detection: lessons from Chagas disease risk (mis)measurement."", ""A model-based solution for observational errors in laboratory studies."", ""Embedding black-box regression techniques into hierarchical Bayesian models."", ""A Gibbs sampler for Bayesian analysis of site‐occupancy data."", NA, NA), volume = c(""173"", ""14"", ""24"", ""65"", NA, ""173"", NA, ""179"", NA, ""178"", ""59"", ""34"", ""9"", ""24"", NA, NA, NA, ""16"", ""61"", ""11"", ""13"", ""77"", ""10"", ""12"", ""105"", 
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""J Virol Methods"", ""Ecol Appl"", ""Sci Rep"", ""Mol Ecol Resour"", ""J Stat Comput Simul"", ""Methods Ecol Evol"", NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Swine Health Information Center. Swine Disease Global Surveillance Report: African swine fever (ASF) has been confirmed in Belgium [cited 2018 Sep 13]. https://www.swinehealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Sept.2018_Belgium_ASF-vf_.pdf"", NA, ""Dixon LK, Alonso C, Escribano JM, Martins C, Revilla Y, Salas ML, Asfarviridae. In: King A, Lefkowitz E, Adams MJ, Carstens EB, editors. Virus taxonomy: ninth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Oxford: Elsevier; 2011. p. 153–62."", 
NA, ""Rendleman CM, Spinelli FJ. An economic assessment of the costs and benefits of African swine fever prevention. Animal Health Insight. 1994;Spring/Summer:18–27."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""United Kingdom Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs. Updated outbreak assessment #2: African swine fever in China [cited 2018 Sep 6]. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/737662/asf-china-update2.pdf"", ""Swine Health Information Center. Swine Disease Global Surveillance Report: African swine fever in China [cited 2018 Aug 23]. https://www.swinehealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Report-ASF-China-8.23.18.pdf"", 
""World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). African swine fever, Romania [cited 2018 Aug 28]. https://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=27687"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""7. Petrovan V, Fang Y, Rowland RR. Diagnostic application of monoclonal antibodies against African swine fever virus (ASFV). In: Abstracts of Diagnostics of Endemic and Emerging Diseases: Beyond The Status Quo, June 11-13, 2018. Manhattan (KS): Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases and Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory"", 
""8. Petrovan V, Fang Y, Rowland RR. Diagnostic application of monoclonal antibodies against African swine fever virus (ASFV). In: Abstracts of Diagnostics of Endemic and Emerging Diseases: Beyond The Status Quo, June 11-13, 2018. Manhattan"", ""9. (KS): Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases and Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory; 2018. p 30."", NA, ""National Research Council. Nutrient requirements of swine. 11th edition. Washington: National Academies Press; 2012."", 
NA, NA, NA, ""O’Quigley J, Iasonos A, Bornkamp B. Handbook of methods for designing, monitoring, and analyzing dose-finding trials. 1st edition. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2017."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""R Development Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Version 2.13.1. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2008 [cited 2018 May 28]. http://cran.r-project.org/doc/manuals/refman.pdf"", ""Swine Health Information Center. Swine Disease Global Surveillance Report: African swine fever [cited 2018 Aug 3]. https://www.swinehealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/SHIC-109-SGDS-December-report-12-3-18-Final.pdf""
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NA), article.title = c(""Epidemiology of African swine fever virus"", ""Epidemiological considerations on African swine fever in Europe 2014–2018"", ""Survival of African swine fever virus in excretions from pigs experimentally infected with the Georgia 2007/1 isolate"", ""Residual viruses in pork products"", ""Survival of foot-and-mouth disease, African swine fever, and hog cholera viruses in Spanish serrano cured hams and Iberian cured hams, shoulders and loins"", ""Potential animal health hazards of pork and pork products"", 
""Survival of several porcine viruses in different Spanish dry cured meat products"", ""Survival of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in various traditional Italian dry-cured meat products"", ""Scientific report on the epidemiological analyses of African swine fever in the European Union (November 2017 until November 2018)"", ""African swine fever: A re-emerging viral disease threatening the global pig industry"", ""Experimental infection of domestic pigs with African swine fever virus Lithuania 2014 genotype II field isolate"", 
""African swine fever status in Europe"", ""Scientific opinion on African swine fever"", ""Gaps in African swine fever: Analysis and priorities"", ""African swine fever"", NA, NA, ""Transmission routes of African swine fever virus to domestic pigs: Current knowledge and future research directions"", NA, ""Do wild boar movements drive the spread of African swine fever?"", ""Management of a wild boar population and its effects on commercial land"", ""African swine fever virus introduction into the EU in 2014: Experience of Latvia"", 
""Scientific opinion on African swine fever"", ""The assessment of African swine fever virus risk to Belgium early 2014, using the quick and semiquantitative pandora screening protocol"", ""Assessment of the risk of African swine fever introduction into Finland using NORA—a rapid tool for semiquantitative assessment of the risk"", ""Assessing the risk of African swine fever introduction into the European Union by wild boar"", ""Update on the risk of introduction of African swine fever by wild boar into disease-free European Union Countries"", 
""Introduction of African swine fever into the European Union through illegal importation of pork and pork products"", ""Risk of African swine fever introduction into the European Union through transport-associated routes: returning trucks and waste from international ships and planes"", ""Quantitative risk assessment for the introduction of African swine fever virus into the European Union by legal import of live pigs"", ""Modular framework to assess the risk of African swine fever virus entry into the European Union"", 
""Understanding ASF spread and emergency control concepts in wild boar populations using individual-based modelling and spatio-temporal surveillance data"", ""A spatial risk assessment model framework for incursion of exotic animal disease into the European Union Member States"", ""A generic framework for spatial quantitative risk assessments of infectious diseases: Lumpy skin disease case study"", NA, ""Mighty models from little data grow: estimating animal disease prevalence"", ""Predicting spread and effective control measures for African swine fever– should we blame the boars?"", 
""The European distribution of Sus Scrofa. Model outputs from the project described within the poster–where are all the boars? An Attempt to Gain a Continental Perspective"", ""Next of kin next door–philopatry and socio-genetic population structure in wild boar"", NA, ""On a form of swine fever occurring in British East Africa (Kenya Colony)"", NA, ""Risks to farm animals from pathogens in composted catering waste containing meat"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mapping the global distribution of livestock"", ""Timing and distance of natal dispersal for wild boar Sus scrofa in Sweden"", 
NA, ""Feeding of prohibited substances (swill) to pigs in Australia"", ""Quantitative approach for the risk assessment of African swine fever and Classical swine fever introduction into the United States through legal imports of pigs and swine products"", NA, ""Guidance on estimation of wild boar population abundance and density: methods, challenges, possibilities"", ""Validation of generic risk assessment tools for animal disease incursion based on a case study for African swine fever""), volume = c(""173"", 
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NA, NA, ""Possible routes of entry into the country for African swine fever—risk profile. Evira Research Reports"", ""Infectious Diseases in Lifestock"", NA, ""Infectious diseases of livestock, with special reference to southern Africa"", NA, NA, ""Disease of Swine"", NA, ""Report of the Thirty-seventh Session of the European Commission for the Control of Foot and Mouth Disease"", ""Tropical Animal Health"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""InterSpread Plus User Guide"", ""Review of the use of models in informing disease control policy development and adjustment. A Report for the Department for Environmental, Food, and Rural Affairs, UK"", 
""Risk Analysis. A Quantitative Guide"", NA, NA, ""Virus Infections of Porcines""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, ""ASFRISK, 2011. http://www.asfrisk.eu/."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare, 2010. Scientific opinion on African swine fever. EFSA J. 8, 149 pp."", NA, NA, NA, ""EUROSTAT, 2007. Farm Structure Survey. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/farm_structure_survey/introduction (accessed: 17.08.11)."", ""EUROSTAT, 2010. Pig farming in the EU, a changing sector. Statistics in Focus. European Commission, Luxembourg. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-10-008/EN/KS-SF-10-008-EN.PDF."", 
""EUROSTAT, 2011. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/statistics/search_database (accessed: 19.08.11)."", ""FAO, 2009. Preparation of African swine fever contingency plans. In: Penrith, M.L., Guberti, V., Depner, K., Lubroth, J. (Eds.), FAO Animal Production and Health Manual, Rome."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""OIE, 2011. World Animal Health Information Database. http://web.oie.int/wahis/public.php?page=home (accessed: 25.08.11)."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
""Rosselkhoznadzor, 2011. Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance, Moscow. http://www.fsvps.ru/fsvps/main.html?_language=en (accessed: 29.08.11)."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health, 2010. Equine Infectious Anemia in England, Brussels."", NA, ""Statistik Austria, 2011. VerbrauchergesundheitsInformationsSystem, Vienna. http://www.statistik.at/ovis/start.shtml (accessed: 21.08.11)."", ""Statistisches Bundesamt, 2009. Agrarstatistikgesetz. AgrStatG 115, Wiesbaden."", 
""Staubach, C., Moennig, V., Probst, C., Mathey, A., Fröhlich, A., Ziller, M., Salman, M., 2008. CSF Monitoring and Sampling in Domestic Pigs. Workshop on Classical Swine Fever (CSF): Clinical Signs, Epidemiology and Control, Hannover."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA), DOI = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.09.003"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.02.004"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.08.004"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.01.012"", ""10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00426.x"", NA, ""10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1556"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00074-4"", ""10.1136/vr.149.13.377"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1073/pnas.0601266103"", ""10.1136/vr.149.24.729"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.05.019"", ""10.1016/S0301-6226(97)00098-5"", ""10.1186/1471-2458-10-710"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.05.022"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.06.007"", NA, ""10.1016/S0167-5877(02)00155-1"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(97)00026-3"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.05.007"", ""10.1016/S1090-0233(02)00112-0"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.12.009"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.4102/jsava.v80i2.172"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.08.002"", NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1186/1472-6963-6-20"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1017/S0950268801006483"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.01.001"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(84)90050-3"", NA))","S0167587712003650",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2013-03-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Nigsch","2013","Nigsch et al., 2013"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2015-05-20","2025-05-28","2016-01","10.1017/s0950268815000862","2025-06-03","0950-2688,1469-4409","1","2015-05-20","56","25-34","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","41","41","82","Experimental pig-to-pig transmission dynamics for African swine fever virus, Georgia 2007/1 strain","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268815000862","144","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>African swine fever virus (ASFV) continues to cause outbreaks in domestic pigs and wild boar in Eastern European countries. To gain insights into its transmission dynamics, we estimated the pig-to-pig basic reproduction number (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>) for the Georgia 2007/1 ASFV strain using a stochastic susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) model with parameters estimated from transmission experiments. Models showed that<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>is 2·8 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·3–4·8] within a pen and 1·4 (95% CI 0·6–2·4) between pens. The results furthermore suggest that ASFV genome detection in oronasal samples is an effective diagnostic tool for early detection of infection. This study provides quantitative information on transmission parameters for ASFV in domestic pigs, which are required to more effectively assess the potential impact of strategies for the control of between-farm epidemic spread in European countries.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""C."", ""S."", ""T."", ""J. L."", ""L."", ""D. U.""), family = c(""GUINAT"", ""GUBBINS"", ""VERGNE"", ""GONZALES"", ""DIXON"", ""PFEIFFER""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268815000862"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268815000862_ref4"", ""S0950268815000862_ref13"", ""S0950268815000862_ref17"", ""S0950268815000862_ref31"", ""S0950268815000862_ref28"", ""S0950268815000862_ref8"", ""S0950268815000862_ref32"", ""S0950268815000862_ref23"", ""S0950268815000862_ref37"", ""S0950268815000862_ref14"", ""S0950268815000862_ref16"", ""S0950268815000862_ref7"", ""S0950268815000862_ref26"", ""S0950268815000862_ref35"", ""S0950268815000862_ref19"", ""S0950268815000862_ref2"", ""S0950268815000862_ref15"", ""S0950268815000862_ref18"", ""S0950268815000862_ref24"", 
""S0950268815000862_ref21"", ""S0950268815000862_ref11"", ""S0950268815000862_ref38"", ""S0950268815000862_ref9"", ""S0950268815000862_ref30"", ""S0950268815000862_ref27"", ""S0950268815000862_ref3"", ""S0950268815000862_ref20"", ""S0950268815000862_ref25"", ""S0950268815000862_ref12"", ""S0950268815000862_ref22"", ""S0950268815000862_ref6"", ""S0950268815000862_ref40"", ""S0950268815000862_ref34"", ""S0950268815000862_ref41"", ""S0950268815000862_ref29"", ""S0950268815000862_ref10"", ""S0950268815000862_ref5"", ""S0950268815000862_ref33"", 
""S0950268815000862_ref1"", ""S0950268815000862_ref39"", ""S0950268815000862_ref36""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA), DOI = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.06.025"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-8-149"", ""10.1038/35097116"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(94)00442-L"", ""10.3201/eid1804.111813"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2013.09.024"", ""10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02144-9"", ""10.1515/9781400841035"", ""10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.09.003"", ""10.1016/0021-9975(77)90038-X"", ""10.1098/rspb.1999.0599"", ""10.1017/S0022172400042613"", ""10.1186/s13567-014-0093-8"", ""10.1016/S0022-2496(02)00028-7"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.07.004"", 
NA, ""10.1038/280361a0"", ""10.1098/rspb.2003.2608"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2012.12.007"", NA, ""10.1098/rstb.2009.0098"", ""10.1038/nature04153"", ""10.2460/ajvr.1984.45.08.1535"", ""10.1126/science.275.5296.65"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2012.10.026"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.06.016"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01253.x"", ""10.1371/journal.pmed.0020174"", ""10.3201/eid1804.111813"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2013.09.024"", ""10.1017/S0950268801006537"", ""10.1051/vetres:2008017"", ""10.3201/eid1712.110430"", ""10.1051/vetres:2006026"", 
""10.1016/0021-9975(89)90125-4"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.07.030"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3628"", ""10.1098/rstb.2010.0387"", NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Modeling Infectious Diseases in Humans and Animals"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""An Introduction to Infectious Disease Modelling"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mathematical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases: Model Building, Analysis and Interpretation"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: a Practical Information-Theoretic Approach""
), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Keeling"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Vynnycky"", NA, NA, ""McVicar"", NA, NA, NA, ""Diekmann"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Burnham""), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2008"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2010"", NA, NA, ""1984"", NA, NA, NA, ""2000"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2002""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""OIE. WAHID database (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Diseaseinformation/Diseaseoutbreakmaps?disease_type_hidden=&disease_id_hidden=&selected_disease_name_hidden=&disease_type=0&disease_id_terrestrial=12&disease_id_aquatic=-999&s)."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Madec F , Good practices for biosecurity in the pig sector: issues and options in developing and transition countries. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1535"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Quantitative aspects of the transmission of African swine fever"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""45"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0950268815000862","2015-05-20","en","NULL","list(date = ""2015-05-20"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1017/policypage","list(value = ""Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited."", name = ""license"", label = ""License"", group.name = ""copyright_and_licensing"", group.label = ""Copyright and Licensing"")",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"GUINAT","2015","GUINAT et al., 2015"
"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","2020-08-27","2023-02-09","2021-05","10.1111/tbed.13802","2025-06-05","1865-1674,1865-1682","3","2020-08-29","311","1384-1391","10.1155","Wiley","1","Crossref","36","36","19","A stochastic simulation model of African swine fever transmission in domestic pig farms in the Red River Delta region in Vietnam","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13802","68",NA,"Transbound Emerg Dis","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-9836"", NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7093-7032"", NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""Hu Suk"", ""Krishna K."", ""Vuong Nghia"", ""Thanh Long"", ""Anh Ngoc"", ""Tung Duy"", ""Vu Thi"", ""Barbara""), family = c(""Lee"", ""Thakur"", ""Bui"", ""Pham"", ""Bui"", ""Dao"", ""Thanh"", ""Wieland""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Hanoi Vietnam"", 
""Department of Health Management Atlantic Veterinary CollegeUniversity of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown PEI Canada"", ""National Institute of Veterinary Research Hanoi Vietnam"", ""Department of Animal Health Epidemiology Division Hanoi Vietnam"", ""National Institute of Veterinary Research Hanoi Vietnam"", ""National Institute of Veterinary Research Hanoi Vietnam"", ""National Institute of Veterinary Research Hanoi Vietnam"", ""International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Addis Ababa Ethiopia""))","list(URL = c(""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.13802"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/tbed.13802"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.13802""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_2_10_2_1"", ""e_1_2_10_3_1"", ""e_1_2_10_4_1"", ""e_1_2_10_5_1"", ""e_1_2_10_6_1"", ""e_1_2_10_7_1"", ""e_1_2_10_8_1"", ""e_1_2_10_9_1"", ""e_1_2_10_10_1"", ""e_1_2_10_11_1"", ""e_1_2_10_12_1"", ""e_1_2_10_13_1"", ""e_1_2_10_14_1"", ""e_1_2_10_15_1"", ""e_1_2_10_16_1"", ""e_1_2_10_17_1"", ""e_1_2_10_18_1"", ""e_1_2_10_19_1"", ""e_1_2_10_20_1"", ""e_1_2_10_21_1"", ""e_1_2_10_22_1"", ""e_1_2_10_23_1"", ""e_1_2_10_24_1"", ""e_1_2_10_25_1"", ""e_1_2_10_26_1"", ""e_1_2_10_27_1"", ""e_1_2_10_28_1"", ""e_1_2_10_29_1"", ""e_1_2_10_30_1"", ""e_1_2_10_31_1"", 
""e_1_2_10_32_1"", ""e_1_2_10_33_1"", ""e_1_2_10_34_1"", ""e_1_2_10_35_1"", ""e_1_2_10_36_1"", ""e_1_2_10_37_1""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1371/journal.pone.0125842"", 
""10.1111/tbed.12380"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2012.10.026"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2012.10.030"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.03.007"", NA, ""10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.02.018"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.05.011"", NA, ""10.3390/v9050103"", NA, NA, ""10.1017/S0950268815000862"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.05.019"", ""10.1111/tbed.12337"", ""10.1098/rspb.2004.3046"", NA, ""10.1186/s12917-020-2236-7"", ""10.1111/tbed.13278"", ""10.1111/tbed.13114"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2010.01152.x"", ""10.17660/ActaHortic.2001.566.43"", NA, 
""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00081-1"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.10.004"", NA, NA, ""10.1007/978-3-540-68618-7_2"", ""10.1038/srep00319"", ""10.3201/eid2507.190303"", ""10.1111/tbed.12989""), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""AFRICAN SWINE FEVER IN VIETNAM Lessons learnt"", NA, ""Virus Taxon. eighth Rep. Int. Comm. Taxon. Viruses"", NA, ""African swine fever threatens people's Republic of China"", ""ASF situation in Asia update"", NA, ""Modeling and support tools for studying disease spread in livestock using networks"", 
NA, ""Pig population by province"", ""General statistics office of Viet Nam: Statistical data: Administrative unit, land and climate"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Identifying barriers to entry to livestock input and output markets in Southeast Asia"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Smallholder pig value chain development in Vietnam: Situation analysis and trends"", NA, ""AFRICAN SWINE FEVER"", ""Immediate notifications and follows‐up"", NA, ""The epidemiology of African swine fever: The role of free‐living hosts in Africa"", 
""Assessment of biosecurity level in pig and poultry production system in vietnam using bio‐check technology"", NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2020"", NA, ""2005"", NA, ""2018"", ""2020"", NA, ""2010"", NA, ""2018"", ""2020"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2003"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2014"", NA, ""2020"", ""2020"", NA, ""1985"", ""2019"", NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""DAH V."", NA, ""Dixon L. K."", NA, ""FAO"", ""FAO"", NA, ""Francis J."", NA, ""GSO"", ""GSO"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Lapar M. L."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Nga N. T. D."", 
NA, ""OIE"", ""OIE"", NA, ""Thomson G. R."", ""Tuan H. M."", NA, NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""135"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1111/tbed.13802","2020-08-29","en","NULL","list(date = c(""2020-08-29"", ""2020-08-29""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""tdm""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"", ""http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1""))","https://doi.org/10.1002/crossmark_policy","list(value = c(""2020-05-29"", ""2020-08-14"", ""2020-08-29""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))","Portico",NA,"NULL",NA,"Lee","2020","Lee et al., 2020"
"Ecology and Evolution","2020-02-18","2023-09-06","2020-03","10.1002/ece3.6100","2025-05-19","2045-7758,2045-7758","6","2020-02-18","311","2846-2859","10.1002","Wiley","1","Crossref","66","66","77","Ecological drivers of African swine fever virus persistence in wild boar populations: Insight for control","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6100","10","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Environmental sources of infection can play a primary role in shaping epidemiological dynamics; however, the relative impact of environmental transmission on host‐pathogen systems is rarely estimated. We developed and fit a spatially explicit model of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in wild boar to estimate what proportion of carcass‐based transmission is contributing to the low‐level persistence of ASFV in Eastern European wild boar. Our model was developed based on ecological insight and data from field studies of ASFV and wild boar in Eastern Poland. We predicted that carcass‐based transmission would play a substantial role in persistence, especially in low‐density host populations where contact rates are low. By fitting the model to outbreak data using approximate Bayesian computation, we inferred that between 53% and 66% of transmission events were carcass‐based that is, transmitted through contact of a live host with a contaminated carcass. Model fitting and sensitivity analyses showed that the frequency of carcass‐based transmission increased with decreasing host density, suggesting that management policies should emphasize the removal of carcasses and consider how reductions in host densities may drive carcass‐based transmission. Sensitivity analyses also demonstrated that carcass‐based transmission is necessary for the autonomous persistence of ASFV under realistic parameters. Autonomous persistence through direct transmission alone required high host densities; otherwise re‐introduction of virus periodically was required for persistence when direct transmission probabilities were moderately high. We quantify the relative role of different persistence mechanisms for a low‐prevalence disease using readily collected ecological data and viral surveillance data. Understanding how the frequency of different transmission mechanisms vary across host densities can help identify optimal management strategies across changing ecological conditions.</jats:p>","Ecology and Evolution","list(given = c(""Kim M."", ""Andrew J."", ""Zaid"", ""Tomasz""), family = c(""Pepin"", ""Golnar"", ""Abdo"", ""Podgórski""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""National Wildlife Research Center USDA APHIS Fort Collins CO USA"", ""National Wildlife Research Center USDA APHIS Fort Collins CO USA"", ""Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA"", NA), ORCID = c(NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0747-5271"", NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(NA, 
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""No hasty solutions for African swine fever"", ""Evaluation of the efficiency of active and passive surveillance in the detection of African swine fever in wild boar"", ""Dynamics of African swine fever virus shedding and excretion in domestic pigs infected by intramuscular inoculation and contact transmission"", ""Transmission routes of African swine fever virus to domestic pigs: current knowledge and future research directions"", ""Experimental pig-to-pig transmission dynamics for African swine fever virus, Georgia 2007/1 strain"", 
""Inferring within-herd transmission parameters for African swine fever virus using mortality data from outbreaks in the Russian Federation"", ""Cartographical analysis of African swine fever outbreaks in the territory of the Russian Federation and computer modeling of the basic reproduction ratio"", ""Simulation of spread of African swine fever, including the effects of residues from dead animals"", ""Simulating the epidemiological and economic effects of an African swine fever epidemic in industrialized swine populations"", 
""Control of African swine fever epidemics in industrialized swine populations"", ""Modeling the effects of duration and size of the control zones on the consequences of a hypothetical African swine fever epidemic in Denmark"", ""Simulation of transmission and persistence of African swine fever in wild boar in Denmark"", ""Streamlining “search and destroy”: cost-effective surveillance for invasive species management"", ""Bayesian inference of epidemiological parameters from transmission experiments"", 
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""Understanding ASF spread and emergency control concepts in wild boar populations using individual-based modelling and spatio-temporal surveillance data"", ""The feasibility of reintroducing Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) to Scotland"", ""A stochastic simulation model of African swine fever transmission in domestic pig farms in the Red River Delta region in Vietnam"", ""The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration"", 
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""Estimation of the transmission dynamics of African swine fever virus within a swine house"", ""Stochastic spatio-temporal modelling of African swine fever spread in the European Union during the high risk period"", ""Modelling the transmission and persistence of African swine fever in wild boar in contrasting European scenarios"", NA, NA, NA, ""Transmission of African swine fever virus from infected pigs by direct contact and aerosol routes"", ""Short time window for transmissibility of African swine fever virus from a contaminated environment"", 
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""The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees"", ""An update on the epidemiology and pathology of African swine fever"", ""African swine fever virus"", ""African swine fever: an epidemiological update"", ""Stability analysis and optimal control of a fractional-order model for African swine fever"", NA, ""Predicting spread and effective control measures for African swine fever-Should we blame the boars?"", ""Simulation-based investigation of ASF spread and control in wildlife without consideration of human non-compliance to biosecurity"", 
""Mechanical transmission of African swine fever virus by Stomoxys calcitrans: insights from a mechanistic model"", ""Undetected circulation of African swine fever in wild boar, Asia"", ""The RAPIDD ebola forecasting challenge: synthesis and lessons learnt. Epidemics"", ""Modelling foot-and-mouth disease transmission in a wild pig-domestic cattle ecosystem"", ""Effects of social structure and management on risk of disease establishment in wild pigs""), volume = c(""99"", NA, ""6"", ""6"", NA, ""6"", ""10"", ""11"", ""18"", 
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"Epidemiology and Infection","2019-04-21","2019-06-07","2019","10.1017/s0950268819000633","2025-05-13","0950-2688,1469-4409",NA,"2019","56",NA,"10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","33","33","12","Estimating within-flock transmission rate parameter for H5N2 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in Minnesota turkey flocks during the 2015 epizootic","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268819000633","147","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Better control of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks requires deeper understanding of within-flock virus transmission dynamics. For such fatal diseases, daily mortality provides a proxy for disease incidence. We used the daily mortality data collected during the 2015 H5N2 HPAI outbreak in Minnesota turkey flocks to estimate the within-flock transmission rate parameter (<jats:italic>β</jats:italic>). The number of birds in Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious and Recovered compartments was inferred from the data and used in a generalised linear mixed model (GLMM) to estimate the parameters. Novel here was the correction of these data for normal mortality before use in the fitting process. We also used mortality threshold to determine HPAI-like mortality to improve the accuracy of estimates from the back-calculation approach. The estimated <jats:italic>β</jats:italic> was 3.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3–4.3) per day with a basic reproduction number of 12.8 (95% CI 9.2–17.2). Although flock-level estimates varied, the overall estimate was comparable to those from other studies. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the estimated <jats:italic>β</jats:italic> was highly sensitive to the bird-level latent period, emphasizing the need for its precise estimation. In all, for fatal poultry diseases, the back-calculation approach provides a computationally efficient means to obtain reasonable transmission parameter estimates from mortality data.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5407-2478"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""A."", ""S."", ""T. J."", ""P. J."", ""J. T."", ""K. A."", ""E."", ""D. A."", ""C. J.""), family = c(""Ssematimba"", ""Malladi"", ""Hagenaars"", ""Bonney"", ""Weaver"", ""Patyk"", ""Spackman"", ""Halvorson"", ""Cardona""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268819000633"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268819000633_ref33"", ""S0950268819000633_ref30"", ""S0950268819000633_ref27"", ""S0950268819000633_ref25"", ""S0950268819000633_ref23"", ""S0950268819000633_ref21"", ""S0950268819000633_ref20"", ""S0950268819000633_ref19"", ""S0950268819000633_ref17"", ""S0950268819000633_ref16"", ""S0950268819000633_ref14"", ""S0950268819000633_ref13"", ""S0950268819000633_ref10"", ""S0950268819000633_ref9"", ""S0950268819000633_ref7"", ""S0950268819000633_ref3"", ""S0950268819000633_ref2"", ""S0950268819000633_ref1"", ""S0950268819000633_ref29"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bulletin of the World Health Organization"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Malladi S. (2016) Evaluation of Mortality Triggers for Detecting HPAI in Meat Turkey Premises. In The 9th International Symposium on Avian Influenza, April 12-15, 2015 2016. Athens, Georgia, USA: AAAP."", 
""Spickler AR , Trampel DW and Roth JA (2012) The Onset of Virus Shedding and Clinical Signs in Turkeys Infected with High and Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses. Available at http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/HPAI/resources/AvFlu-turkeys11May2012.Spickler.pdf (Accessed 19 May 2016)."", ""Greene JL (2015) Update on the Highly-Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreak of 2014–2015. Congressional Research Service. Available at https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R44114.pdf."", NA, ""USDA APHIS VS (2016) Final Report for the 2014–2015 Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in the United States: August 11, 2016. Available at https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/emergency_management/downloads/hpai/presentation/finalreport14-15_shortppt.pdf (Accessed 17 September 2018)."", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Cardona C An Assessment of the Risk Associated with the Movement of Turkeys to Market Into, Within, and Out of a Control Area during a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreak in the United States. 2018, Collaborative agreement between USDA:APHIS:VS and University of Minnesota Center for Secure Food Systems: Fort Collins, CO. p. 217."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0950268819000633","2019-04-22","en","NULL","list(date = ""2019-04-22"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 111, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Ssematimba","2019","Ssematimba et al., 2019"
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""Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; Dhaka Bangladesh"", ""Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; Dhaka Bangladesh"", ""Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology; Wageningen Bioveterinary Research; Lelystad The Netherlands"", ""Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology; Wageningen Bioveterinary Research; Lelystad The Netherlands"", ""International Livestock Research Institute; Nairobi Kenya""
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""Small distances can keep bacteria at bay for days"", ""On the definition and the computation of the basic reproduction ratio R0 in models for infectious-diseases in heterogeneous populations"", ""Transmission intensity and impact of control policies on the foot and mouth epidemic in Great Britain"", ""Interventions for avian influenza A (H5N1) risk management in live bird market networks"", ""Molecular evolution of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in Bangladesh between 2007 and 2012"", ""Farm- and flock-level risk factors associated with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza outbreaks on small holder duck and chicken farms in the Mekong Delta of Viet Nam"", 
""New introduction of clade 2.3.2.1 avian influenza virus (H5N1) into Bangladesh"", ""Challenges and prospects of poultry industry in Bangladesh"", ""Risk factors and clusters of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 outbreaks in Bangladesh"", ""Estimating spatial and temporal variations of the reproduction number for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 epidemic in Thailand"", NA, ""Implications of within-farm transmission for network dynamics: Consequences for the spread of avian influenza"", NA, ""Modeling highly pathogenic avian influenza transmission in wild birds and poultry in West Bengal, India"", 
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""Effect of H7N1 vaccination on highly pathogenic avian influenza H7N7 virus transmission in turkeys"", ""Within-flock transmission of H7N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in turkeys during the Italian epidemic in 1999–2000"", ""Estimation of transmission parameters of H5N1 avian influenza virus in chickens"", ""Phylogeny and genotyping of recent avian low-pathogenic H5 subtype influenza viruses from French ducks"", ""Pekin and Muscovy ducks respond differently to vaccination with a H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) commercial inactivated vaccine"", 
""Differences in pathogenicity, response to vaccination, and innate immune responses in different types of ducks infected with a virulent H5N1 highly pathogenic avian Influenza virus from Vietnam"", ""Commission Decision 2006/437/EC of 4 August 2006 approving a diagnostic manual for avian influenza as provided for in Council Directive 2005/94/EC"", ""The impact of viral tropism and housing conditions on the transmission of three H5/H7 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in chickens"", ""Transmission dynamics of low pathogenicity avian influenza infections in Turkey flocks"", 
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""Susceptibility of Muscovy (Cairina moschata) and mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) to experimental infections by different genotypes of H5N1 avian influenza viruses"", ""A single vaccination of commercial broilers does not reduce transmission of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza"", ""An inactivated H5N2 vaccine reduces transmission of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus among native chickens"", ""Quantifying transmission of highly pathogenic and low pathogenicity H7N1 avian influenza in turkeys"", 
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""Avian influenza A virus (H7N7) epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: course of the epidemic and effectiveness of control measures"", ""Influenza"", ""Using mean infectious dose of high- and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses originating from wild duck and poultry as one measure of infectivity and adaptation to poultry"", ""Transmission of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 within flocks during the 2004 epidemic in Thailand"", ""Comparison of the transmission characteristics of low and high pathogenicity avian influenza A virus (H5N2)"", 
""Quantification of the effect of vaccination on transmission of avian influenza (H7N7) in chickens"", ""Variable effect of vaccination against highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N7) virus on disease and transmission in pheasants and teals"", ""Transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in Pekin ducks is significantly reduced by a genetically distant H5N2 vaccine"", ""Comparing methods to quantify experimental transmission of infectious agents"", ""Estimation of the basic reproductive number (R0) for epidemic, highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 spread"", 
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""Avian influenza attributable to serovar H7N1 in light layers in Italy""), volume = c(""25"", ""92"", ""88"", ""5"", ""23"", ""40"", ""81"", ""6"", ""12"", ""33"", NA, ""67"", ""79"", ""155"", ""4"", ""152"", ""79"", ""3"", ""47"", NA, NA, NA, ""92"", NA, ""147"", ""37"", ""42"", ""159"", ""18"", ""131"", ""102"", ""159"", ""135"", ""81"", ""47""), author = c(""Alexander"", ""Beltrán-Alcrudo"", ""Bos"", ""Bouma"", ""Bouma"", ""Chaves"", ""Cheung"", ""Comin"", ""De Jong"", ""de Wit"", ""Elbers"", ""Fischer"", ""Fouchier"", ""Gonzales"", ""Gonzales"", ""Gonzales"", ""Graat"", ""Hadipour"", ""Henzler"", 
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""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""PLoS Pathog."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Avian Pathol."", ""J. Virol."", ""PLoS ONE"", ""Vaccine"", ""Avian Pathol."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Virol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Influenza Other Respir. Viruses"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Anim. Vet. Adv."", ""Avian Dis."", NA, NA, NA, ""J. Gen. Virol."", NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Avian Pathol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Revue Med. Vet."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""PNAS"", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""J. Virol."", 
""Avian Dis.""), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proceedings of the 15th World Veterinary Poultry Association Congress"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Modeling Infectious Diseases in Humans and Animals"", NA, NA, ""R: A Language and Evironment for Statistical Computing"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Hood, G.M., 2010. PopTools version 3.2.3."", NA, ""OIE, WAHID-Interface, Summary of Immediate notifications and Follow-ups: 2006–2011. World Organization of Animal Health."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0167587712002103",NA,"en","list(name = ""Foundation for Economic Structure Strengthening (FES)"")","list(date = c(""2012-12-01"", ""2014-04-16""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 501), URL = c(""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"", ""https://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/""))",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Gonzales","2012","Gonzales et al., 2012"
"Veterinary Microbiology","2011-09-18","2020-06-24","2012-03","10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016","2024-07-22","0378-1135","2-4","2012-03","78","207-213","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","32","32","24","Transmission characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus of H7N7 and H5N7 subtypes in layer chickens","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016","155",NA,"Veterinary Microbiology","list(given = c(""J.L."", ""A.R.W."", ""A."", ""G."", ""J.J."", ""J.A.""), family = c(""Gonzales"", ""Elbers"", ""Bouma"", ""Koch"", ""de Wit"", ""Stegeman""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113511005104?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113511005104?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0005"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0010"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0015"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0020"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0025"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0030"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0035"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0040"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0045"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0050"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0055"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0060"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0065"", 
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""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0135"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0140"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0145"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0150"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0155"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016_bib0160""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""), first.page = c(""5637"", NA, NA, ""761"", ""565"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2814"", ""91"", ""187"", ""193"", ""1022"", NA, ""263"", ""1241"", NA, NA, ""577"", ""59"", ""455"", NA, ""6361"", ""167"", ""1003"", ""18141"", ""91"", ""193"", ""152"", ""1177""), DOI = c(""10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.10.051"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/0264-410X(94)90229-1"", ""10.1080/03079450400013196"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1128/JVI.79.5.2814-2822.2005"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2009.00126.x"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.04.022"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00356-4"", 
""10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.1022"", NA, ""10.1637/7064"", ""10.1007/s00705-009-0437-2"", NA, NA, ""10.2307/2532311"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.06.012"", ""10.1637/8229-012508-Reg.1"", NA, ""10.1128/AEM.00961-09"", ""10.1637/7103"", ""10.1017/S0950268803001067"", ""10.1073/pnas.0505098102"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2008.08.037"", ""10.1017/S0950268801006707"", ""10.1128/MMBR.56.1.152-179.1992"", ""10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.1177""), article.title = c(""An overview of the epidemiology of avian influenza"", ""Country Reports on AI based on questionnaires"", 
""Country Reports for Avian Influenza 2009"", ""Experimental quantification of vaccine – induced reduction in virus transmission"", ""A cross-sectional serological survey of the Dutch commercial poultry population for the presence of low pathogenic avian virus infections"", NA, NA, ""Avian influenza surveillance in poultry in the Netherlands between 2004–2006"", NA, NA, ""Characterization of a novel influenza A virus hemagglutinin subtype (H16) obtained from black-headed Gulls"", ""Low-pathogenic notifiable avian influenza serosurveillance and the risk of infection in poultry – a critical review of the European Union active surveillance programme (2005–2007)"", 
""Transmission between chickens of an H7N1 Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus isolated during the epidemic of 1999 in Italy"", ""Modelling the effect of surveillance programmes on spread of bovine herpesvirus 1 between certified cattle herds"", ""Epidemiology, production losses, and control measures associated with an outbreak of avian influenza subtype H7N2 in Pennsylvania (1996–98)"", NA, ""Evaluation of the infectivity, length of infection, and immune response of a low-pathogenicity H7N2 avian influenza virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens"", 
""Replication and pathogenesis associated with H5N1, H5N2, and H5N3 low-pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in chickens and ducks"", ""Avian influenza"", NA, ""A simple method for the analysis of clustered binary data"", ""The effect of inoculation dose of a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus strain H5N1 on the infectiousness of chickens"", ""Using mean infectious dose of high- and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses originating from wild duck and poultry as one measure of infectivity and adaptation to poultry"", 
""LPAI viruses of the H5 subtype in turkeys in Northern Italy in 2009"", ""Quantification of horizontal transmission of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis bacteria in pair-housed groups of laying hens"", ""Comparative susceptibility of chickens and turkeys to avian influenza A H7N2 virus infection and protective efficacy of a commercial avian influenza H7N2 virus vaccine"", ""Comparison of the transmission characteristics of low and high pathogenicity avian influenza A virus (H5N2)"", ""Quantification of the effect of vaccination on transmission of avian influenza (H7N7) in chickens"", 
""Transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in Pekin ducks is significantly reduced by a genetically distant H5N2 vaccine"", ""Quantification of transmission in one-to-one experiments"", ""Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses"", ""Avian influenza attributable to serovar H7N1 in light layers in Italy""), volume = c(""25"", NA, NA, ""12"", ""33"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""79"", ""4"", ""152"", ""79"", ""47"", NA, ""48"", ""154"", NA, NA, ""48"", ""147"", ""52"", NA, ""75"", ""48"", ""131"", ""102"", ""382"", ""128"", ""56"", 
""47""), author = c(""Alexander"", ""Brown"", ""Brown"", ""De Jong"", ""de Wit"", NA, ""Diekmann"", ""Elbers"", NA, NA, ""Fouchier"", ""Gonzales"", ""Gonzales"", ""Graat"", ""Henzler"", ""Keeling"", ""Lu"", ""Mundt"", ""OIE"", ""R Development Core Team"", ""Rao"", ""Spekreijse"", ""Swayne"", ""Terregino"", ""Thomas"", ""Tumpey"", ""van der Goot"", ""van der Goot"", ""van der Goot"", ""Velthuis"", ""Webster"", ""Zanella""), year = c(""2007"", ""2007"", ""2010"", ""1994"", ""2004"", NA, ""2000"", ""2007"", NA, NA, ""2005"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2001"", ""2003"", ""2008"", ""2004"", ""2009"", 
""2009"", ""2005"", ""1992"", ""2011"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2004"", ""2003"", ""2005"", ""2008"", ""2002"", ""1992"", ""2003""), journal.title = c(""Vaccine"", NA, NA, ""Vaccine"", ""Avian Pathology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Journal of Virology"", ""Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Avian Diseases"", NA, ""Avian Diseases"", ""Archives of Virology"", NA, NA, ""Biometrics"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Avian Diseases"", NA, ""Applied and Environmental Microbiology"", ""Avian Diseases"", 
""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""PNAS"", ""Virology"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""Microbiological Reviews"", ""Avian Diseases""), series.title = c(NA, ""Proceedings of the 13th Joint Annual Meetings of the National Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza Laboratories of EU Member States 2007"", ""The 16th Joint Annual Meetings of the National Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza Reference Laboratories of EU Member States 2010"", NA, NA, NA, ""Mathematical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases. Model Building, Analysis and Interpretation"", 
""Proceedings of the 15th World Veterinary Poultry Association Congress"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Modeling Infectious Diseases in Humans and Animals"", NA, NA, ""Terrestrial Animal Health Code"", ""R: A Language and Evironment for Statistical Computing"", NA, NA, NA, ""Proceedings of the 15th Joint Annual Meetings of the National Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza Reference Laboratories of EU Member States 2009"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""DEFRA, 2008. Highly pathogenic avian influenza – H7N7, Oxfordshire, June 2008. Situation at 12.30 pm Wednesday 2nd July."", 
NA, NA, ""European Commission. Avian Influenza – Surveillance. http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/avian/eu_resp_surveillance_en.htm. Accessed 30 June 2011."", ""European Commission, 2009. Low pathogenic Avian Influenza in Germany. 3–4 February 2009, Brussels."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0378113511005104",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2012-03-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Gonzales","2012","Gonzales et al., 2012"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2013-02-11","2020-07-22","2013-11","10.1017/s0950268813000125","2024-06-18","0950-2688,1469-4409","11","2013-02-11","56","2428-2443","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","51","51","14","The impact of viral tropism and housing conditions on the transmission of three H5/H7 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in chickens","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268813000125","141","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>In this study, shedding and transmission of three H5/H7 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) in poultry was characterized and the impact of floor system on transmission was assessed. Transmission experiments were simultaneously conducted with two groups of animals housed on either a grid or a floor covered with litter. Transmission was observed for H5N2 A/Ch/Belgium/150VB/99 LPAIV. This virus was shed almost exclusively via the oropharynx and no impact of floor system was seen. Transmission was also seen for H7N1 A/Ch/Italy/1067/v99 LPAIV, which was shed via both the oropharynx and cloaca. A slight increase in transmission was seen for animals housed on litter. H5N3 A/Anas Platyrhynchos/Belgium/09-884/2008 LPAIV did not spread to susceptible animals, regardless of the floor system. This study shows that environmental factors such as floor systems used in poultry barns may act upon the transmission of LPAIVs. However, the level of influence depends on the virus under consideration and, more specifically, its principal replication sites.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""G."", ""S."", ""T."", ""Y."", ""J."", ""B."", ""S.""), family = c(""CLAES"", ""WELBY"", ""VAN DEN BERG"", ""VAN DER STEDE"", ""DEWULF"", ""LAMBRECHT"", ""MARCHÉ""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268813000125"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268813000125_ref50"", ""S0950268813000125_ref49"", ""S0950268813000125_ref47"", ""S0950268813000125_ref46"", ""S0950268813000125_ref45"", ""S0950268813000125_ref40"", ""S0950268813000125_ref39"", ""S0950268813000125_ref36"", ""S0950268813000125_ref34"", ""S0950268813000125_ref31"", ""S0950268813000125_ref28"", ""S0950268813000125_ref27"", ""S0950268813000125_ref25"", ""S0950268813000125_ref24"", ""S0950268813000125_ref23"", ""S0950268813000125_ref21"", ""S0950268813000125_ref19"", ""S0950268813000125_ref17"", ""S0950268813000125_ref16"", 
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""10.1186/1297-9716-42-24"", ""10.1016/S0042-6822(03)00094-1"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2009.10.002"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0026935"", ""10.1637/8754-033109-ResNote.1"", ""10.1637/8786-040109-ResNote.1"", ""10.2307/1591428"", ""10.1637/8907-043009-ResNote.1"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.1000281"", ""10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00398-9"", ""10.1017/S0950268803001067"", ""10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00320-6"", ""10.1046/j.1439-0450.2001.00467.x"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.016"", NA, NA, ""10.1637/0005-2086(2007)051[0129:IODHCO]2.0.CO;2"", ""10.1637/7453-101205R.1"", 
""10.1017/S095026880600673X"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.10.051"", ""10.1006/viro.1995.1562"", ""10.1016/S1573-5214(06)80021-7"", NA, ""10.1126/science.1122438"", ""10.1128/JVI.79.5.2814-2822.2005"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00160-7"", NA, ""10.1080/03079450020016779"", ""10.1007/BF00178324"", ""10.1637/8749-033009-Reg.1"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.04.025"", ""10.3382/ps.2011-01625"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.04.022"", ""10.1128/JVI.54.1.151-160.1985"", ""10.1637/8229-012508-Reg.1"", ""10.1080/03079450802632023"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.06.012"", 
""10.1017/S0950268801006707"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0017643"", ""10.1073/pnas.0403212101"", NA, ""10.1016/j.virol.2009.08.017"", ""10.3201/eid1309.070517"", ""10.1016/0264-410X(94)90229-1"", ""10.1080/03079457.2011.621410"", ""10.1637/8381-062008-Reg.1"", ""10.1080/03079458108418498"", ""10.1099/vir.0.83369-0"", ""10.1073/pnas.0809026106"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.0030151""), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""213"", ""16"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""16"", NA, NA, NA, ""61"", NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, ""151"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""613"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""A universal avian endogenous real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction control and its application to avian influenza diagnosis and quantification"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Council directive 2005/94/EG of 20 december 2005 on community measures for the control of avian influenza and repealing 92/40/EEC"", NA, NA, 
NA, ""Pathogenicity of avian influenza viruses in poultry"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Characterization of virulent and avirulent A/chicken/Pennsylvania/83 influenza A viruses: Potential role of defective interfering RNAs in nature"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Genetic characterization of low pathogenic H5N1 and co-circulating avian influenza viruses in wild mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) in Belgium, 2008"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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""10.1017/S095026880600673X"", ""10.1016/j.mbs.2007.04.009"", ""10.1128/MMBR.56.1.152-179.1992""), article.title = c(""Summary of avian influenza activity in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australasia, 2002–2006"", ""Population biology of infectious diseases. Part 1"", NA, ""Risk maps for the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza in poultry"", ""Estimating the day of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N7) virus introduction into a poultry flock based on mortality data"", ""Effect of H7N1 vaccination on highly pathogenic avian influenza H7N7 virus transmission in turkeys"", 
""Estimation of transmission parameters of H5N1 avian influenza virus in chickens"", ""Susceptibility of wood ducks to H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus"", ""Infectious and lethal doses of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus for house sparrows (Passer domesticus) and rock pigeons (Columbia livia)"", ""Severe acute respiratory syndrome vaccine development: experiences of vaccination against avian infectious bronchitis corona virus"", ""Human influenza A H5N1 virus related to a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus"", 
""An ELISA for detection of antibodies against influenza A nucleoprotein in humans and various animal species"", ""Experimental quantification of vaccine-induced reduction in virus transmission"", NA, ""On the definition and the computation of the basic reproduction ratio R0 in models for infectious-diseases in heterogeneous populations"", ""Modelling the effect of surveillance programmes on spread of bovine herpesvirus 1 between certified cattle herds"", ""A review of highly pathogenic avian influenza in birds, with an emphasis on Asian H5N1 and recommendations for prevention and control"", 
""Within- and between-pen transmission of classical swine fever virus: a new method to estimate the basic reproduction ratio from transmission experiments"", ""Quantification of the effect of control strategies on classical swine fever epidemics"", ""Application of real-time RT-PCR for the quantification and competitive replication study of H5 and H7 subtype avian influenza virus"", ""Pathogenesis of highly pathogenic avian influenza A/turkey/Turkey/1/2005 H5N1 in Pekin Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) infected experimentally"", 
""A long-term epidemiologic study of bovine viral diarrhea infections in a large herd of dairy-cattle"", ""Pathology of specific-pathogen-free chickens inoculated with H5N1 avian influenza viruses isolated in Japan in 2004"", NA, ""Public health risk from avian influenza viruses"", ""An inactivated H5N2 vaccine reduces transmission of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus among native chickens"", ""Quantification of the transmission of classical swine fever virus between herds during the 1997–1998 epidemic in the Netherlands"", 
""Avian influenze A virus (H7N7) epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: course of the epidemic and effectiveness of control measures"", ""Characterization of an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus isolated from a child with a fatal respiratory illness"", ""Using mean infectious dose of high-and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses originating from wild duck and poultry as one measure of infectivity and adaptation to poultry"", ""Transmission of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 within flocks during the 2004 epidemic in Thailand"", 
""Quantification of the effect of vaccination on transmission of avian influenza (H7N7) in chickens"", ""Transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in Pekin ducks is significantly reduced by a genetically distant H5N2 vaccine"", ""Design and analysis of small-scale transmission experiments with animals"", ""Comparing methods to quantify experimental transmission of infectious agents"", ""Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses""), volume = c(""51"", ""280"", NA, ""3"", ""38"", ""26"", ""5"", ""43"", 
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""Avian Pathol."", ""Lancet"", ""Arch. Vir."", ""Vaccine"", NA, ""J. Math. Biol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Avian Med. Surg."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Math. Biosci."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Avian Pathol."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Avian Dis."", NA, ""Avian Dis."", ""Vaccine"", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Science"", ""Avian Dis."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""PNAS"", ""Virology"", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Math. Biosci."", ""Microbiol. Rev.""), series.title = c(NA, NA, ""Analysis of Infectious Disease Data"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","2008-01-11","2024-02-21","2007-12","10.1086/522007","2025-05-08","0022-1899,1537-6613","11","2007-12","286","1679-1684","10.1093","Oxford University Press (OUP)","1","Crossref","39","39","87","Transmission of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 within Flocks during the 2004 Epidemic in Thailand","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1086/522007","196",NA,"J INFECT DIS","list(given = c(""Thanawat"", ""Mirjam"", ""Hans"", ""Thaweesak"", ""Wantanee"", ""Sirikan"", ""Arunee"", ""Surapong"", ""Karoon"", ""Weerapong"", ""Thinnarat"", ""Arjan""), family = c(""Tiensin"", ""Nielen"", ""Vernooij"", ""Songserm"", ""Kalpravidh"", ""Chotiprasatintara"", ""Chaisingh"", ""Wongkasemjit"", ""Chanachai"", ""Thanapongtham"", ""Srisuvan"", ""Stegeman""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""http://academic.oup.com/jid/article-pdf/196/11/1679/18015370/196-11-1679.pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""rf1_447"", ""rf2_448"", ""rf3_449"", ""rf4_450"", ""rf5_451"", ""rf6_452"", ""rf7_453"", ""rf8_454"", ""rf9_455"", ""rf10_456"", ""rf11_457"", ""rf12_458"", ""rf13_459"", ""rf14_460"", ""rf15_461"", ""rf16_462"", ""rf17_463"", ""rf18_464"", ""rf19_465"", ""rf20_466"", ""rf21_467"", ""rf22_468"", ""rf23_469"", ""rf24_470"", ""rf25_471"", ""rf26_472"", ""rf27_473"", ""rf28_474"", ""rf29_475"", ""rf30_476"", ""rf31_477"", ""rf32_478"", ""rf33_479"", ""rf34_480"", ""rf35_481"", ""rf36_482"", ""rf37_483"", ""rf38_484"", ""rf39_485""), unstructured = c(""Office International des Epizooties. Update on Avian Influenza in Animals (Type H5). Available at: http://www.oie.int/downld/AVIAN%20INFLUENZA/A_AI-Asia.htm. Accessed 3 November 2006."", 
""World Health Organization. Avian influenza: assessing the pandemic threat. Available at: http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/WHO_CDS_2005_29/en/index.html. Accessed 10 February 2006."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Anderson RM, May RM. Infectious diseases of humans: dynamics and control. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992."", ""Diekmann O, Heesterbeek JAP. Mathematical epidemiology of infectious diseases: model building, analysis and interpretation. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, 2000."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Edelstein-Keshet L. Mathematical models in biology. Philadelphia: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2005."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Becker NG. Analysis of infectious disease data. London: Chapman and Hall, 1989."", ""Dohoo I, Martin W, Stryhn H. Veterinary epidemiologic research. Prince Edward Island: AVC, 2003."", ""R Development Core Team. The R project for statistical computing. Available at: http://www.r-project.org. Accessed 9 March 2006."", ""McCullagh P, Nelder JA. Generalized linear models. 2nd ed. London: Chapman and Hall, 1989."", 
""Motulsky H, Christopoulos A. Fitting models to biological data using linear and nonlinear regression: a practical guide to curve fitting. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
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""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00076-8"", ""10.1038/442757a"", ""10.1098/rspb.2006.3609"", NA, NA, ""10.1038/nature04017"", ""10.1073/pnas.0505098102"", ""10.1017/S0950268803001067"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2006.01.044"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2005.07.011"", ""10.1137/1.9780898719147"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(95)00538-2"", ""10.1098/rsif.2005.0042"", ""10.1128/JVI.79.6.3692-3702.2005"", ""10.1080/03079450600597956"", ""10.1038/nature02746"", ""10.1080/03079450410001724085"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1007/978-1-4899-3242-6"", ""10.1093/oso/9780195171792.001.0001"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Akaike H"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Webster RG"", ""Songserm T"", NA), year = c(NA, NA, ""2003"", NA, ""2005"", ""2005"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1973"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2006"", ""2006"", NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, ""Avian Dis"", NA, ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Rev Sci Tech"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Hungary: Akademiai Kiado"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Thailand. Emerg Infect Dis"", NA))","10.1086/522007",NA,"en","NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Tiensin","2007","Tiensin et al., 2007"
"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","2005-12-06","2022-04-12","2005-12-13","10.1073/pnas.0505098102","2025-06-14","0027-8424,1091-6490","50","2005-12-05","341","18141-18146","10.1073","Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","1","Crossref","29","29","186","Quantification of the effect of vaccination on transmission of avian influenza (H7N7) in chickens","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505098102","102","<jats:p>Recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses in poultry and their threatening zoonotic consequences emphasize the need for effective control measures. Although vaccination of poultry against avian influenza provides a potentially attractive control measure, little is known about the effect of vaccination on epidemiologically relevant parameters, such as transmissibility and the infectious period. We used transmission experiments to study the effect of vaccination on the transmission characteristics of HPAI A/Chicken/Netherlands/03 H7N7 in chickens. In the experiments, a number of infected and uninfected chickens is housed together and the infection chain is monitored by virus isolation and serology. Analysis is based on a stochastic susceptible, latently infected, infectious, recovered (SEIR) epidemic model. We found that vaccination is able to reduce the transmission level to such an extent that a major outbreak is prevented, important variables being the type of vaccine (H7N1 or H7N3) and the moment of challenge after vaccination. Two weeks after vaccination, both vaccines completely block transmission. One week after vaccination, the H7N1 vaccine is better than the H7N3 vaccine at reducing the spread of the H7N7 virus. We discuss the implications of these findings for the use of vaccination programs in poultry and the value of transmission experiments in the process of choosing vaccine.</jats:p>","Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.","list(given = c(""J. A."", ""G."", ""M. C. M."", ""M.""), family = c(""van der Goot"", ""Koch"", ""de Jong"", ""van Boven""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Central Institute for Animal Disease Control Lelystad, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands; and Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Edelhertweg 15, 8219 PH Lelystad, The Netherlands"", ""Central Institute for Animal Disease Control Lelystad, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands; and Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Edelhertweg 15, 8219 PH Lelystad, The Netherlands"", 
""Central Institute for Animal Disease Control Lelystad, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands; and Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Edelhertweg 15, 8219 PH Lelystad, The Netherlands"", ""Central Institute for Animal Disease Control Lelystad, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands; and Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Edelhertweg 15, 8219 PH Lelystad, The Netherlands""))","list(URL = ""https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.0505098102"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""e_1_3_2_1_2"", ""e_1_3_2_2_2"", ""e_1_3_2_3_2"", ""e_1_3_2_4_2"", ""e_1_3_2_5_2"", ""e_1_3_2_6_2"", ""e_1_3_2_7_2"", ""e_1_3_2_8_2"", ""e_1_3_2_9_2"", ""e_1_3_2_10_2"", ""e_1_3_2_11_2"", ""e_1_3_2_12_2"", ""e_1_3_2_13_2"", ""e_1_3_2_14_2"", ""e_1_3_2_15_2"", ""e_1_3_2_16_2"", ""e_1_3_2_17_2"", ""e_1_3_2_18_2"", ""e_1_3_2_19_2"", ""e_1_3_2_20_2"", ""e_1_3_2_21_2"", ""e_1_3_2_22_2"", ""e_1_3_2_23_2"", ""e_1_3_2_24_2"", ""e_1_3_2_25_2"", ""e_1_3_2_26_2"", ""e_1_3_2_27_2"", ""e_1_3_2_28_2"", ""e_1_3_2_29_2""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", 
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    ""Council Directive 92/40/EEC (1992) Off. J. Eur. Communities L 167, 1-16."", NA, NA, NA, ""Ball F. (1995) in Epidemic Models: Their Structure and Relation to Data ed. Mollison D. (Cambridge Univ. Press Cambridge U.K.) pp. 34-52."", ""Bailey N.T.J. (1975) The Mathematical Theory of Infectious Diseases and Its Applications (Griffin London)."", ""Becker N. G. (1989) Analysis of Infectious Disease Data (Chapman and Hall London)."", ""Kroese A. H. & de Jong M. C. M. (2001) in Proc. Soc. Vet. Epidemiol. Prevent. Med. eds. Menzies F. D. & Reid S. W. J. (SVEPM Proceedings series Noorwijkerhout The Netherlands) pp. 21-37."", 
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    NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", NA, NA, NA))","10.1073/pnas.0505098102","2005-12-05","en","NULL","NULL","http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.cm10313","list(value = c(""2005-06-17"", ""2005-10-19"", ""2005-12-05""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"van der Goot","2005","van der Goot et al., 2005"
"PLoS Pathogens","2009-01-29","2018-10-24",NA,"10.1371/journal.ppat.1000281","2025-06-14","1553-7374","1","2009-01-30","340","e1000281","10.1371","Public Library of Science (PLoS)","1","Crossref","37","37","102","Estimation of Transmission Parameters of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus in Chickens","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000281","5",NA,"PLoS Pathog","list(given = c(""Annemarie"", ""Ivo"", ""Ketut"", ""Don"", ""Christl A."", ""Guus"", ""Michiel""), family = c(""Bouma"", ""Claassen"", ""Natih"", ""Klinkenberg"", ""Donnelly"", ""Koch"", ""van Boven""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000281"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref1"", ""ref2"", ""ref3"", ""ref4"", ""ref5"", ""ref6"", ""ref7"", ""ref8"", ""ref9"", ""ref10"", ""ref11"", ""ref12"", ""ref13"", ""ref14"", ""ref15"", ""ref16"", ""ref17"", ""ref18"", ""ref19"", ""ref20"", ""ref21"", ""ref22"", ""ref23"", ""ref24"", ""ref25"", ""ref26"", ""ref27"", ""ref28"", ""ref29"", ""ref30"", ""ref31"", ""ref32"", ""ref33"", ""ref34"", ""ref35"", ""ref36"", ""ref37""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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""10.1191/1471082X04st065oa"", NA, ""10.1051/vetres:2007008"", ""10.1017/S095026880600673X"", ""10.1017/S0950268802007148"", ""10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030145"", ""10.1038/442757a"", ""10.1098/rsif.2008.0133"", ""10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030071"", ""10.1637/7579-040106R.1"", ""10.1093/aje/kwm375"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(94)00442-L"", ""10.1080/03079450500096497"", NA, ""10.1080/03079450410001724012"", ""10.1080/03079450600597956"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.016"", NA), article.title = c(""A pandemic warning?"", ""Are we ready for pandemic influenza?"", 
""Summary of avian influenza activity in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australasia, 2002–2006."", ""Avian flu: multiple introductions of H5N1 in Nigeria."", ""Control of a highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza outbreak in the GB poultry flock."", ""Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1, Thailand, 2004."", ""Transmission of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 within flocks during the 2004 epidemic in Thailand."", ""Epidemiology of cases of H5N1 virus infection in Indonesia, July 2005–June 2006."", 
""Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) in domestic poultry and relationship with migratory birds, South Korea."", ""Mapping H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza risk in Southeast Asia."", ""Mathematical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases. Model Building, Analysis and Interpretation"", ""Appropriate models for the management of infectious diseases."", ""How generation intervals shape the relationship between growth rates and reproductive numbers."", ""Variable effect of vaccination against highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N7) on disease and transmission in pheasants and teals."", 
""Quantification of the effect of vaccination on transmission of avian influenza (H7N7) in chickens."", ""Transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in vaccinated and unvaccinated ducks."", ""A unified approach to the distribution of total size and total area under the trajectory of infectives in epidemic models."", ""Bayesian inference for partially observed epidemics."", ""Bayesian analysis of experimental epidemics of foot-and-mouth disease."", ""Bayesian inference for stochastic epidemics in closed populations."", 
""Inference in disease transmission experiments by using stochastic epidemic models."", ""Estimating the day of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N7) virus introduction into a poultry flock based on mortality data."", ""Design and analysis of small-scale transmission experiments with animals."", ""A clarification of transmission terms in host–microparasite models: Numbers, densities and areas."", ""Detecting emerging transmissibility of avian influenza virus in human households."", ""Silent spread of H5N1 in vaccinated poultry."", 
""Detection of mortality clusters associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza in poultry: a theoretical analysis."", ""Risk maps for the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza in poultry."", ""Within-flock mortality during the high-pathogenicity avian influenza (H7N7) epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: implications for an early detection system."", ""Time lines of infection and disease in human influenza: a review of volunteer challenge studies."", ""Transmission of pseudorabies virus within pig populations is independent of the size of the population."", 
""Performance of clinical signs in poultry for the detection of outbreaks during the avian influenza A (H7N7) epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003."", ""Vaccines, vaccination and immunology for avian influenza viruses in poultry."", ""Vaccination of chickens against H5N1 avian influenza in the face of an outbreak interrupts virus transmission."", ""Inactivated North American and European H5N2 avian influenza virus vaccines protect chickens from Asian H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus."", ""Protective efficacy of several vaccines against highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus under experimental conditions."", 
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""Virology"", ""Advances in Applied Probability"", ""Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A"", ""Proceedings of the Royal Society B"", ""Statistical Modelling"", ""Applied Statistics"", ""Veterinary Research"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""PLoS Comp Biol"", ""Nature"", ""Journal of the Royal Society Interface"", ""PLoS Comp Biol"", ""Avian Diseases"", ""American Journal of Epidemiology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Avian Pathology"", NA, ""Avian Pathology"", ""Avian Pathology"", ""Vaccine"", 
NA))",NA,"2009-01-30","en","NULL","list(date = ""2009-01-30"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Bouma","2009","Bouma et al., 2009"
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""10.1086/425583"", ""10.1136/vr.154.20.617"", NA), article.title = c(""The foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in The Netherlands in 2001"", ""Avian influenza--past, present and future challenges"", ""Avian influenza in Italy (1999–2000): a review"", NA, ""Mathematical modelling in veterinary epidemiology: why model building is important"", ""The highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus (H7N7) epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: lessons learned from the first five outbreaks"", ""Animal influenza virus surveillance"", 
NA, ""Analysis of the 1999–2000 highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N1) epidemic in the main poultry-production area in northern Italy"", NA, ""Quantification of the transmission of classical swine fever between herds during the 1997–1998 epidemic in The Netherlands"", ""Avian influenza A virus (H7N7) epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: course of the epidemic and effectiveness of control measures"", ""Risk of foot-and-mouth disease associated with proximity in space and time to infected farms and the implications for control policy during the 2001 epidemic in Cumbria"", 
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"Scientific Reports","2017-07-13","2022-12-23",NA,"10.1038/s41598-017-06244-6","2025-02-21","2045-2322","1","2017-07-19","297",NA,"10.1038","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","55","55","21","Economic factors influencing zoonotic disease dynamics: demand for poultry meat and seasonal transmission of avian influenza in Vietnam","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06244-6","7","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>While climate is often presented as a key factor influencing the seasonality of diseases, the importance of anthropogenic factors is less commonly evaluated. Using a combination of methods – wavelet analysis, economic analysis, statistical and disease transmission modelling – we aimed to explore the influence of climatic and economic factors on the seasonality of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in the domestic poultry population of Vietnam. We found that while climatic variables are associated with seasonal variation in the incidence of avian influenza outbreaks in the North of the country, this is not the case in the Centre and the South. In contrast, temporal patterns of H5N1 incidence are similar across these 3 regions: periods of high H5N1 incidence coincide with Lunar New Year festival, occurring in January-February, in the 3 climatic regions for 5 out of the 8 study years. Yet, daily poultry meat consumption drastically increases during Lunar New Year festival throughout the country. To meet this rise in demand, poultry production and trade are expected to peak around the festival period, promoting viral spread, which we demonstrated using a stochastic disease transmission model. This study illustrates the way in which economic factors may influence the dynamics of livestock pathogens.</jats:p>","Sci Rep","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5837-7052"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""Alexis"", ""Marc"", ""Thang D."", ""Nicolas"", ""Marisa"", ""Ton D."", ""Dirk U."", ""Guillaume""), family = c(""Delabouglise"", ""Choisy"", ""Phan"", ""Antoine-Moussiaux"", ""Peyre"", ""Vu"", ""Pfeiffer"", ""Fournié""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-06244-6.pdf"", ""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-06244-6"", ""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-06244-6.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""text/html"", ""application/pdf""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""6244_CR1"", ""6244_CR2"", ""6244_CR3"", ""6244_CR4"", ""6244_CR5"", ""6244_CR6"", ""6244_CR7"", ""6244_CR8"", ""6244_CR9"", ""6244_CR10"", ""6244_CR11"", ""6244_CR12"", ""6244_CR13"", ""6244_CR14"", ""6244_CR15"", ""6244_CR16"", ""6244_CR17"", ""6244_CR18"", ""6244_CR19"", ""6244_CR20"", ""6244_CR21"", ""6244_CR22"", ""6244_CR23"", ""6244_CR24"", ""6244_CR25"", ""6244_CR26"", ""6244_CR27"", ""6244_CR28"", ""6244_CR29"", ""6244_CR30"", ""6244_CR31"", ""6244_CR32"", ""6244_CR33"", ""6244_CR34"", ""6244_CR35"", ""6244_CR36"", ""6244_CR37"", ""6244_CR38"", ""6244_CR39"", 
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""Desvaux, S. et al. Risk Factors of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Occurrence at the Village and Farm Levels in the Red River Delta Region in Vietnam. Transbound. Emerg. Dis. \n                           58, 492–502, doi:10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01227.x (2011)."", ""Fournie, G. et al. Interventions for avian influenza A (H5N1) risk management in live bird market networks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA \n                           110, 9177–9182, doi:10.1073/pnas.1220815110 (2013)."", ""Colman, D. & Young, G. Product supply and input demand in Principles of Agricultural Economics (eds D. Colman & G. Young) 30-48 (Cambridge University Press, 1989)."", 
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""R core team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. http://www.R-project.org/ (2014) (date of access: 08/10/2012).""), journal.title = c(""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", ""Epidemics"", ""Environ. Health Perspect."", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", NA, NA, NA, ""Nature"", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Lancet Infect. Dis."", ""PLoS One"", ""PLoS One"", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. J."", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""PLoS One"", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", 
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"BMC Infectious Diseases","2010-08-10","2021-09-01","2010-12","10.1186/1471-2334-10-236","2023-11-21","1471-2334","1","2010-08-10","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","44","44","7","Multi-agent modeling of the South Korean avian influenza epidemic","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-10-236","10","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Background</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Several highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI) outbreaks have been reported over the past decade. South Korea recently faced AI outbreaks whose economic impact was estimated to be 6.3 billion dollars, equivalent to nearly 50% of the profit generated by the poultry-related industries in 2008. In addition, AI is threatening to cause a human pandemic of potentially devastating proportions. Several studies show that a stochastic simulation model can be used to plan an efficient containment strategy on an emerging influenza. Efficient control of AI outbreaks based on such simulation studies could be an important strategy in minimizing its adverse economic and public health impacts.</jats:p>
          </jats:sec>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
            <jats:p>We constructed a spatio-temporal multi-agent model of chickens and ducks in poultry farms in South Korea. The spatial domain, comprised of 76 (37.5 km × 37.5 km) unit squares, approximated the size and scale of South Korea. In this spatial domain, we introduced 3,039 poultry flocks (corresponding to 2,231 flocks of chickens and 808 flocks of ducks) whose spatial distribution was proportional to the number of birds in each province. The model parameterizes the properties and dynamic behaviors of birds in poultry farms and quarantine plans and included infection probability, incubation period, interactions among birds, and quarantine region.</jats:p>
          </jats:sec>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Results</jats:title>
            <jats:p>We conducted sensitivity analysis for the different parameters in the model. Our study shows that the quarantine plan with well-chosen values of parameters is critical for minimize loss of poultry flocks in an AI outbreak. Specifically, the aggressive culling plan of infected poultry farms over 18.75 km radius range is unlikely to be effective, resulting in higher fractions of unnecessarily culled poultry flocks and the weak culling plan is also unlikely to be effective, resulting in higher fractions of infected poultry flocks.</jats:p>
          </jats:sec>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Our results show that a prepared response with targeted quarantine protocols would have a high probability of containing the disease. The containment plan with an aggressive culling plan is not necessarily efficient, causing a higher fraction of unnecessarily culled poultry farms. Instead, it is necessary to balance culling with other important factors involved in AI spreading. Better estimations for the containment of AI spreading with this model offer the potential to reduce the loss of poultry and minimize economic impact on the poultry industry.</jats:p>
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""10.1111/1467-9868.00353"", NA, ""10.1086/522007"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.02.019"", ""10.1098/rspb.2008.0006"", NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0049528"", NA, NA, ""10.1111/irv.12230"", NA, ""10.1016/j.rse.2004.12.009"", ""10.1016/j.rse.2005.10.004"", ""10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.05.011""), article.title = c(""The spacetime clustering of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 outbreaks in Bangladesh"", ""Spatio-temporal magnitude and direction of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) outbreaks in Bangladesh"", ""Ecological determinants of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) outbreaks in Bangladesh"", 
""Summary of avian influenza activity in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australasia, 2002–2006"", ""Surveillance, epidemiological, and virological detection of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses in duck and poultry from Bangladesh"", NA, ""Risk factors for infection with highly pathogenic influenza A virus (H5N1) in commercial chickens in Bangladesh"", ""Risk for infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) in backyard chickens, Bangladesh"", ""Mortality rate and clinical features of highly pathogenic avian influenza in naturally infected chickens in Bangladesh"", 
""Biosecurity and circulation of influenza A (H5N1) virus in live-bird markets in Bangladesh, 2012"", ""Estimation of transmission parameters of H5N1 avian influenza virus in chickens"", ""Inference for individual-level models of infectious diseases in large populations"", ""Seroprevalence of antibodies to avian influenza virus A (H5N1) among residents of villages with human cases, Thailand, 2005"", ""Spatio-temporal epidemiology of highly pathogenic avian influenza (subtype H5N1) in poultry in eastern India"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Comparing national and global data collection systems for reporting, outbreaks of H5N1 HPAI"", NA, ""Risk factor modelling of the spatio-temporal patterns of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAIV) H5N1: a review"", ""Avian influenza, domestic ducks and rice agriculture in Thailand"", ""Mapping H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza risk in Southeast Asia"", ""Flying over an infected landscape: distribution of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 risk in south Asia and satellite tracking of wild waterfowl"", 
""Approximate accelerated stochastic simulation of chemically reacting systems"", ""An adaptive Metropolis algorithm"", ""Strategies for controlling non-transmissible infection outbreaks using a large human movement data set"", ""Farm- and flock-level risk factors associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks on small holder duck and chicken farms in the Mekong Delta of Viet Nam"", ""New introduction of clade 2.3.2.1 avian influenza virus (H5N1) into Bangladesh"", ""Bayesian analysis for emerging infectious diseases"", 
""A novel approach to real-time risk prediction for emerging infectious diseases: a case study in avian influenza H5N1"", NA, ""Dynamics of the 2001 UK foot and mouth epidemic: stochastic dispersal in a heterogeneous landscape"", ""Estimation of distance related probability of animal movements between holdings and implications for disease spread modeling"", ""Epidemic dynamics at the human–animal interface"", ""Nine challenges in modelling the emergence of novel pathogens"", ""Risk factors and clusters of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 outbreaks in Bangladesh"", 
""Spatio-temporal analyses of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 outbreaks in the Mekong River Delta, Vietnam, 2009"", ""Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection among workers at live bird markets, Bangladesh, 2009–2010"", ""Slice sampling"", ""Highly pathogenic avian influenza, Bangladesh (Follow-up report No. 43), OIE, WAHID (World Anim. Heal. Inf. Database)"", ""Risk factors for highly pathogenic avian influenza in commercial layer chicken farms in Bangladesh during 2011"", ""The spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (subtype H5N1) clades in Bangladesh, 2010 and 2011"", 
""An analysis of the spatial and temporal patterns of highly pathogenic avian influenza occurrence in Vietnam using national surveillance data"", ""Comparison of human and animal surveillance data for H5N1 influenza A in Egypt 2006–2011"", ""The second-order analysis of stationary point processes"", ""Modelling spatial patterns"", ""Mapping the global distribution of livestock"", ""Origin and evolution of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in Asia"", ""Bayesian measures of model complexity and fit"", NA, 
""Transmission of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 within flocks during the 2004 epidemic in Thailand"", ""Is R0 a good predictor of final epidemic size: foot-and-mouth disease in the UK"", ""Accuracy of models for the 2001 foot-and-mouth epidemic"", NA, ""Improving risk models for avian influenza: the role of intensive poultry farming and flooded land during the 2004 Thailand epidemic"", NA, NA, ""Revised and updated nomenclature for highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses"", NA, 
""Mapping paddy rice agriculture in southern China using multi-temporal MODIS images"", ""Mapping paddy rice agriculture in South and Southeast Asia using multi-temporal MODIS images"", ""Mapping paddy rice planting areas through time series analysis of MODIS land surface temperature and vegetation index data""), volume = c(""138"", ""6"", ""7"", ""51"", ""193"", NA, ""164"", ""15"", ""30"", NA, ""5"", ""20"", ""15"", ""11"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""95"", NA, ""3"", ""119"", ""105"", ""7"", ""115"", ""7"", ""10"", ""91"", ""59"", ""4"", ""91"", NA, ""294"", 
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""Animal welfare consequences in England and Wales of the 2001 epidemic of foot and mouth disease of disease control"", ""The 2010 Foot-and-Mouth Disease Epidemic in Japan"", ""Control of foot-and-mouth disease during 2010–2011 epidemic, South Korea"", ""Control of avian influenza in poultry"", ""The 1999–2000 avian influenza (H7N1) epidemic in Italy: Veterinary and human health implications"", ""Vaccination of chickens against H5N1 avian influenza in the face of an outbreak interrupts virus transmission"", 
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""Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Acta Tropica"", ""Avian Pathology"", ""Avian Pathology""), unstructured = c(NA, ""Ai T. OIE Situation Report for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Current Global Situation (as of 30 June 2018). World Organisation for Animal Health. 2018; 1–9."", NA, NA, ""WHO. Cumulative number of confirmed human cases for avian influenza A(H5N1) reported to WHO, 2003–2020. In: world Health Organization [Internet]. 2020 [cited 15 Mar 2020] p. 1. Available: https://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/2020_01_20_tableH5N1.pdf?ua=1"", 
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""Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency. Animal disease control;. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"" ext-link-type=\""uri\"" xlink:href=\""http://www.qia.go.kr\"" xlink:type=\""simple\"">http://www.qia.go.kr</ext-link>."", ""The United States Department of Agriculture. Korea—Republic of, Poultry and Products Annual Report; 2017."", ""Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD). Avian Influenza in Birds;. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"" ext-link-type=\""uri\"" xlink:href=\""https://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/avian-in-birds.htm\"" xlink:type=\""simple\"">https://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/avian-in-birds.htm</ext-link>."", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Kim T, Hwang W, Zhang A, Sen S, Ramanathan M. Multi-agent model analysis of the containment strategy for Avian Influenza (AI) in South Korea. Proceedings—IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2008. 2008; p. 335–338."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Open Data Porta. Eumsung-gun domestic animals statistical research;. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"" ext-link-type=\""uri\"" xlink:href=\""http://www.data.go.kr\"" xlink:type=\""simple\"">http://www.data.go.kr</ext-link>."", 
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""Avian Influenza A Virus (H7N7) Epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: Course of the Epidemic and Effectiveness of Control Measures"", ""Estimation of the basic reproductive number (R0) for epidemic, highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 spread"", ""Modelling the spatial spread of H7N1 avian influenza virus among poultry farms in Italy"", ""Network-based assessment of the vulnerability of Italian regions to bovine brucellosis"", NA, NA, ""A clarification of transmission terms in host-microparasite models: numbers, densities and areas"", 
""How should pathogen transission be modeled?"", NA, ""Perspectives on the basic reproductive ratio"", ""Reproduction numbers of infectious disease models"", ""Reproduction numbers and sub-threshold endemic equilibria for compartmental models of disease transmission"", ""On the definition and the computation of the basic reproduction ratio R0 in models for infectious diseases in heterogeneous populations"", ""Assessing the probability of introduction and spread of avian influenza (AI) virus in commercial Australian poultry operations using an expert opinion elicitation"", 
""Risk factor modelling of the spatio-temporal patterns of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAIV) H5N1: A review"", ""Wild waterfowl migration and domestic duck density shape the epidemiology of highly pathogenic H5N8 influenza in the Republic of Korea"", ""Disease properties, geography, and mitigation strategies in a simulation spread of rinderpest across the United States"", ""Disentangling the influence of livestock vs. farm density on livestock disease epidemics"", ""The role of pre-emptive culling in the control of foot-and-mouth disease"", 
""Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease I: Epidemiological consequences"", ""The impact of movements and animal density on continental scale cattle disease outbreaks in the United States""), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""76"", ""1195"", ""118"", NA, NA, ""207"", ""252"", ""257"", ""260"", ""3"", ""246"", ""4"", NA, ""10"", ""3"", ""121"", ""61"", ""190"", ""137"", ""2"", ""158"", NA, NA, ""129"", ""16"", NA, ""2"", ""2"", ""180"", ""28"", ""13"", ""3"", ""34"", ""42"", ""9"", ""276"", ""107"", ""9""), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Y Kang"", ""KJ Vandegrift"", ""H jin Lee"", 
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"Epidemics","2010-02-11","2020-03-19","2010-03","10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002","2025-04-19","1755-4365","1","2010-03","78","29-35","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","23","23","30","Modelling the spatial spread of H7N1 avian influenza virus among poultry farms in Italy","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002","2",NA,"Epidemics","list(given = c(""I."", ""P."", ""R."", ""A."", ""L.""), family = c(""Dorigatti"", ""Mulatti"", ""Rosà"", ""Pugliese"", ""Busani""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1755436510000058?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1755436510000058?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib1"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib2"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib3"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib4"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib5"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib6"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib7"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib8"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib9"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib10"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib11"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib12"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib13"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib14"", 
""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib15"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib16"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib17"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib18"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib19"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib20"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib21"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib22"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.01.002_bib23""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA), first.page = c(""716"", ""3"", ""704"", ""155"", ""171"", ""289"", ""288"", ""1022"", ""813"", ""2467"", ""273"", ""318"", ""1659"", ""107"", NA, NA, ""156"", NA, ""1"", ""3239"", ""167"", ""1003"", ""152""), DOI = c(""10.1109/TAC.1974.1100705"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00160-7"", ""10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030071"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(02)00217-9"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.02.013"", ""10.1080/03079450050118403"", ""10.2307/1589789"", ""10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.1022"", 
""10.1126/science.1065973"", ""10.1098/rspb.2006.3609"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.09.005"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.04.017"", ""10.1098/rspb.2003.2429"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00105-0"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.05.005"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.001"", ""10.1098/rspb.2009.0427"", ""10.1637/7103"", ""10.1017/S0950268803001067"", NA), article.title = c(""A new look at the statistical model identification"", ""A review of avian influenza in different bird species"", ""Risk maps for the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza in poultry"", 
""The foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in The Netherlands in 2001"", ""Risk factors for highly pathogenic H7N1 avian influenza virus infection in poultry during the 1999–2000 epidemic in Italy"", ""The avian influenza epidemic in Italy, 1999–200: a review"", ""Avian influenza in caged laying chickens"", ""Epidemiology, production losses, and control measures associated with an outbreak of avian influenza subtype H7N2 in Pennsylvania (1996–98)"", ""Dynamics of the 2001 UK foot and mouth epidemic: stochastic dispersal in a heterogeneous landscape"", 
""Key strategies for reducing spread of avian influenza among commercial poultry holdings: lessons for transmission to humans"", ""Analysis of the 1999–2000 highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N1) epidemic in the main poultry-production area in northern Italy"", ""Transmission parameters of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N1) among industrial poultry farms in northern Italy in 1999–2000"", ""Neighbourhood control policies and the spread of infectious diseases"", ""Seroepidemiological evidence of avian h4, h5, and h9 influenza a virus transmission to pigs in southeastern China"", 
""Numerical Recipes in C++"", NA, ""Generation of avian influenza virus (AIV) contaminated fecal fine particulate matter (pm2.5): genome and infectivity detection and calculation of immission"", NA, ""Risk factors for the introduction of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus into poultry farms during the epidemic in the Netherlands in 2003"", ""The role of pre-emptive culling in the control of foot-and-mouth disease"", ""Comparative sucsceptibility of chickens and turkeys to avian influenza a H7N1 virus infection and protective efficacy of a commercial avian influenza H7N2 virus vaccine"", 
""Comparison of the transmission characteristics of low and high pathogenicity avian influenza A virus (H5N2)"", ""Evolution and ecology of influenza a virus""), volume = c(""19"", ""74"", ""3"", ""57"", ""181"", ""29"", ""24"", ""47"", ""294"", ""273"", ""73"", ""81"", ""270"", ""88"", NA, NA, ""139"", NA, ""69"", ""276"", ""48"", ""131"", ""56""), author = c(""Akaike"", ""Alexander"", ""Boender"", ""Bouma"", ""Busani"", ""Capua"", ""Halvorson"", ""Henzler"", ""Keeling"", ""Le Menach"", ""Mannelli"", ""Mannelli"", ""Matthews"", ""Ninomiya"", ""Press"", ""Rice"", ""Sedlmaier"", 
""Stegeman"", ""Thomas"", ""Tildesley"", ""Tumpey"", ""Van der Goot"", ""Webster""), year = c(""1974"", ""2000"", ""2007"", ""2003"", ""2009"", ""2000"", ""1980"", ""2002"", ""2001"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2007"", ""2003"", ""2002"", ""2002"", ""2004"", ""2009"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2009"", ""2004"", ""2003"", ""1992""), journal.title = c(""IEEE Trans. Autom. Control"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""PloS Comput. Biol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. J."", ""Avian Pathol."", ""Avian Dis."", ""Avian Dis."", ""Science"", ""Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", 
""Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", NA, NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Proc. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci."", ""Avian Dis."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev.""), issue = c(NA, ""1–2"", ""4"", ""3"", ""2"", NA, NA, NA, ""5543"", ""1600"", ""4"", ""4"", NA, ""2"", NA, NA, ""1–2"", NA, ""1–2"", ""1671"", NA, NA, ""1""), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""The Art of Scientific Computing"", ""Mathematical Statistics and Data Analysis"", NA, ""Avian Influenza A Virus (h7n7) Epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: Course of the Epidemic and Effectiveness of Control Measures"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S1755436510000058",NA,"en","list(name = c(""EU Commission"", ""Italian Ministry of Health, Department of Food and Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health""), award = c(""FP6-513737"", ""5002/92""))","list(date = c(""2010-03-01"", ""2020-03-19""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 3671), URL = c(""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"", ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/""))",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Dorigatti","2010","Dorigatti et al., 2010"
"Epidemics","2011-02-08","2018-12-05","2011-06","10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003","2025-03-19","1755-4365","2","2011-06","78","71-75","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","28","28","32","How backyard poultry flocks influence the effort required to curtail avian influenza epidemics in commercial poultry flocks","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003","3",NA,"Epidemics","list(given = c(""G."", ""S.""), family = c(""Smith"", ""Dunipace""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1755436511000041?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1755436511000041?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0005"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0010"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0015"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0020"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0025"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0030"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0035"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0050"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0060"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0065"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0175"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0070"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0075"", 
""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0080"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0090"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0095"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0105"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0110"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0115"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0125"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0170"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0135"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0140"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0145"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0150"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0155"", 
""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0160"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.003_bb0165""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""), first.page = c(""1099"", NA, NA, NA, ""247"", ""704"", ""493"", ""565"", ""27"", ""873"", ""713"", ""120"", ""e349"", ""3"", ""85"", NA, ""2467"", 
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""10.2460/javma.2005.226.767"", ""10.20506/rst.28.1.1875"", NA, ""10.1098/rspb.2003.2339"", NA, ""10.1098/rspb.2007.1100"", ""10.1086/425583"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.001"", ""10.1098/rspb.2007.0542""), article.title = c(""Low-pathogenicity H7N2 avian influenza outbreak in Virginia during 2002"", ""Comprehensive report on the 2004 outbreak of high pathogenicity avian influenza (H7N3) in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada. June 30, 2004, minor revisions November 24, 2004"", ""Highlights of NAHMS Poultry '04 part I: reference of health and management of backyard/small production flocks in the United States, 2004"", 
NA, ""The role of backyard poultry flocks in the epidemic of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H7N7) in the Netherlands in 2003"", ""Risk maps for the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza in poultry"", ""Estimating the day of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N7) virus introduction into a poultry flock based on mortality data"", ""Newcastle disease outbreaks in Italy during 2000"", ""Contact structures in the poultry industry in Great Britain: exploring transmission routes for a potential avian influenza virus epidemic"", 
""The construction of next-generation matrices for compartmental epidemic models"", ""Stochastic Model of the Potential Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza from an Infected Commercial Broiler Operation in Georgia"", ""Non-commercial poultry industries: surveys of backyard and game fowl breeder flocks in the United States"", ""The transmissibility of highly pathogenic avian influenza in commercial poultry in industrialized countries"", ""The type-reproduction number T in models for infectious disease control"", 
""The critical vaccination fraction for heterogeneous epidemic models"", ""Report on the Canadian poultry industry forum"", ""Key strategies for reducing spread of avian influenza among commercial poultry holdings: lessons for transmission to humans"", ""Overview: the avian influenza outbreak in BC (2004)"", ""Analysis of the 1999–2000 highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N1) epidemic in the main poultry production area in Northern Italy"", ""Evaluation of risk factors for the spread of low pathogenicity H7N2 avian influenza virus among commercial poultry farms"", 
""Avian influenza: the Canadian experience"", ""The source and means of spread of the avian influenza virus in the lower fraser valley of British Columbia during an outbreak in the winter of 2004. An interim report February 15, 2005"", ""A new method for estimating the effort required to control an infectious disease"", ""Avian influenza sampling campaign in the British Columbia Fraser Valley, 9–19 April 2004"", ""Epidemiological consequences of an incursion of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza into the British poultry flock"", 
""Avian influenza A virus (H7N7) epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: course of the epidemic and effectiveness of control measures"", ""Risk factors for the introduction of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus into poultry farms during the epidemic in the Netherlands in 2003"", ""Control of a highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza outbreak in the GB poultry flock""), volume = c(""47"", NA, NA, NA, ""88"", ""3"", ""38"", ""150"", ""4"", ""7"", ""54"", ""80"", ""2"", ""206"", ""181"", NA, ""273"", NA, ""73"", ""226"", ""28"", NA, ""270"", 
NA, ""275"", ""190"", ""69"", ""274""), author = c(""Akey"", ""Anon"", ""Anon"", ""Anon"", ""Bavinck"", ""Boender"", ""Bos"", ""Capua"", ""Dent"", ""Diekmann"", ""Dorea"", ""Garber"", ""Garske"", ""Heesterbeek"", ""Hill"", ""Hudson"", ""Le Menach"", ""Lees"", ""Mannelli"", ""McQuiston"", ""Pasik"", ""Power"", ""Roberts"", ""Schofield"", ""Sharkey"", ""Stegeman"", ""Thomas"", ""Truscott""), year = c(""2003"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2002"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2007"", ""2006"", ""2007"", ""2003"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""2005"", ""2009"", 
""2005"", ""2003"", ""2005"", ""2008"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2007""), journal.title = c(""Avian Dis."", NA, NA, NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""PLoS Comput. Biol."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""BMC Vet. Res."", ""J. R. Soc. Interface"", ""Avian Dis."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""PLoS ONE"", ""Math. Biosci."", ""Math. Biosci."", NA, ""Proc. R. Soc. B"", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""JAVMA"", ""Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz."", NA, ""Proc. R. Soc. London"", NA, ""Proc. Biol. Sci."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Proc. Biol. Sci.""), series.title = c(NA, 
""Animal Disease Surveillance Unit"", ""USDA, APHIS, CEAH, VS Information Sheet, August 2005"", ""Report of the meeting of the OIE terrestrial animal health standards commission"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Avian Influenza—lessons learned and moving forward. Abbotsford, October 27–28, 2004. Report dated December 2004"", NA, ""Presentation given to the Canadian Poultry Industry Forum, Avian Influenza—lessons learned and moving forward. Abbotsford, October 27–28, 2004"", NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, ""Sampling of rare biological events. DRDC Suffield TR 2005–032"", NA, NA, NA, NA), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""4"", ""4"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""4"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""12"", NA, NA))","S1755436511000041",NA,"en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/100000057"", name = ""National Institute of General Medical Sciences"", doi.asserted.by = ""crossref"", award = ""5U01GM-076426"", id.id = ""10.13039/100000057"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""crossref"")","list(date = c(""2011-06-01"", ""2016-02-12""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 1717), URL = c(""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"", ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/""))",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Smith","2011","Smith et al., 2011"
"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","2006-07-13","2024-02-05","2006-10-07","10.1098/rspb.2006.3609","2025-04-09","0962-8452,1471-2954","1600","2006-07-11","175","2467-2475","10.1098","The Royal Society","1","Crossref","32","32","50","Key strategies for reducing spread of avian influenza among commercial poultry holdings: lessons for transmission to humans","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3609","273","<jats:p>Recent avian flu epidemics (A/H5N1) in Southeast Asia and case reports from around the world have led to fears of a human pandemic. Control of these outbreaks in birds would probably lead to reduced transmission of the avian virus to humans. This study presents a mathematical model based on stochastic farm-to-farm transmission that incorporates flock size and spatial contacts to evaluate the impact of control strategies. Fit to data from the recent epidemic in the Netherlands, we evaluate the efficacy of control strategies and forecast avian influenza dynamics. Our results identify high-risk areas of spread by mapping of the farm level reproductive number. Results suggest that an immediate depopulation of infected flocks following an accurate and quick diagnosis would have a greater impact than simply depopulating surrounding flocks. Understanding the relative importance of different control measures is essential for response planning.</jats:p>","Proc. R. Soc. B.","list(given = c(""Arnaud"", ""Elisabeta"", ""Rebecca F"", ""David L"", ""Antoine""), family = c(""Le Menach"", ""Vergu"", ""Grais"", ""Smith"", ""Flahault""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U70727 rue Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France"", ""Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Mathématiques et d'Informatiques Appliquées78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France"", 
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""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.04.006"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.1000281"", ""10.1080/03079450050118403"", ""10.1038/nature03974"", ""10.1007/s10460-007-9086-9"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.3201/eid1202.050640"", ""10.1086/315137"", NA, ""10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15589-X"", ""10.1111/tbed.12021"", ""10.1111/tbed.12034"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.04.017"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.09.005"", ""10.1016/S0308-521X(02)00072-0"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.06.010"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.02.085"", ""10.3382/ps.2009-00556"", ""10.1098/rspb.2007.1100"", 
""10.1136/vr.157.6.159"", ""10.1637/8821-040209-Review.1"", ""10.1086/425583"", ""10.1128/JVI.79.17.11269-11279.2005"", ""10.1086/522007"", NA, ""10.1098/rspb.2007.0542"", ""10.1079/9780851990774.0115"", ""10.1007/1-4020-3441-5_15"", ""10.1017/S0950268803001067"", ""10.1073/pnas.0505098102"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2008.08.037""), article.title = c(""A review of avian influenza in different bird species"", NA, NA, NA, ""Financial effects of the highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks on the Turkish broiler producers"", NA, 
""Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease I: epidemiological consequences"", ""Modeling the effectiveness and risks of vaccination strategies to control classical swine fever epidemics"", ""The role of backyard poultry flocks in the epidemic of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H7N7) in the Netherlands in 2003"", NA, ""Risk maps for the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza in poultry"", NA, ""Back-calculation method shows that within-flock transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N7) virus in the Netherlands is not influenced by housing risk factors"", 
""Within-flock transmission of H7N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in turkeys during the Italian epidemic in 1999–2000"", ""Estimation of transmission parameters of H5N1 avian influenza virus in chickens"", ""The avian influenza epidemic in Italy, 1999–2000: a review"", ""Avian flu: H5N1 virus outbreak in migratory waterfowl"", ""Social-ethical issues concerning the control strategy of animal diseases in the European Union: a survey"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Free-grazing ducks and highly pathogenic avian influenza, Thailand"", 
""Antibody response in individuals infected with avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses and detection of anti-H5 antibody among household and social contacts"", NA, ""Transmission of H7N7 avian influenza A virus to human beings during a large outbreak in commercial poultry farms in the Netherlands"", ""Economic analysis of HPAI control in the Netherlands I: epidemiological modeling to support economic analysis"", ""Economic analysis of HPAI control in the Netherlands II: comparison of control strategies"", ""Transmission parameters of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N1) among industrial poultry farms in northern Italy in 1999–2000"", 
""Analysis of the 1999–2000 highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N1) epidemic in the main poultry-production area in northern Italy"", ""Alternative risk financing instruments for swine epidemics"", ""Multi criteria decision making to evaluate control strategies of contagious animal diseases"", ""An inactivated H5N2 vaccine reduces transmission of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus among native chickens"", ""The effects of control measures on the economic burden associated with epidemics of avian influenza in Italy"", 
""Epidemiological consequences of an incursion of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza into the British poultry flock"", ""Origin and evolution of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in Asia"", ""Use of epidemiologic models in the control of highly pathogenic avian influenza"", ""Avian influenza A virus (H7N7) epidemic in the Netherlands in 2003: course of the epidemic and effectiveness of control measures"", ""Are ducks contributing to the endemicity of highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in Asia"", 
""Transmission of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 within flocks during the 2004 epidemic in Thailand"", NA, ""Control of a highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza outbreak in the GB poultry flock"", ""Public and Private Schemes Indemnifying Epidemic Livestock Losses in the European Union: a Review"", NA, ""Comparison of the transmission characteristics of low and high pathogenicity avian influenza a virus (H5N2)"", ""Quantification of the effect of vaccination on transmission of avian influenza (H7N7) in chickens"", 
""Transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1virus in peking ducks is significantly reduced by a genetically distant H5N2 vaccine""), volume = c(""74"", NA, NA, NA, ""89"", NA, ""107"", ""6"", ""88"", NA, ""3"", NA, ""88"", ""95"", ""5"", ""29"", ""436"", ""24"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""12"", ""180"", NA, ""363"", ""61"", ""61"", ""81"", ""73"", ""75"", ""96"", ""27"", ""89"", ""275"", ""157"", ""54"", ""190"", ""79"", ""196"", NA, ""274"", NA, NA, ""131"", ""102"", ""382""), author = c(""Alexander"", NA, NA, NA, ""Aral"", NA, ""Backer"", ""Backer"", ""Bavinck"", NA, 
""Boender"", NA, ""Bos"", ""Bos"", ""Bouma"", ""Capua"", ""Chen"", ""Cohen"", NA, NA, ""European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"", ""Ge"", ""Gilbert"", ""Katz"", ""Keeling"", ""Koopmans"", ""Longworth"", ""Longworth"", ""Mannelli"", ""Mannelli"", ""Meuwissen"", ""Mourits"", ""Poetri"", ""Sartore"", ""Sharkey"", ""Sims"", ""Stegeman"", ""Stegeman"", ""Sturm-Ramirez"", ""Tiensin"", NA, ""Truscott"", ""Van Asseldonk"", NA, ""Van der Goot"", ""Van der Goot"", ""Van der Goot""), year = c(""2000"", NA, NA, NA, ""2010"", NA, ""2012"", ""2009"", ""2009"", NA, ""2007"", 
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""Agric. Human Values"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", NA, ""Lancet"", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Agric. Syst."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vaccine"", ""Poult. Sci."", ""P R Soc B"", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Avian Dis."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", NA, ""P R Soc. B"", NA, NA, ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."", ""Virology""), unstructured = c(NA, ""Anon., 2004. Dierziektebeleid met draagvlak. Advies over de bestrijding van zeer besmettelijke dierziekten. Deel 2–Onderbouwing van het advies. In: DierAangelegenheden., G.u.v.d.R.v.h.L.G.e.d.R.v. (Ed.), 88 pp. [In Dutch]."", 
""Anon., 2007. Contingency plan avian influenza (Beleidsdraaiboek Aviaire Influenza), v. 1.0. Ministry of Economic Affairs, 226 pp. [In Dutch]."", ""Anonymous, 2005. Wijziging Regeling ter wering van Aviaire Influenza II en de Regeling preventie, bestrijding en monitoring van besmettelijke dierziekten en zoönosen en TSE’s. Staatscourant 204, TRCJZ/2005/3119."", NA, ""Backer, J., Bergevoet, R., Fischer, E., Nodelijk, G., Bosman, K., Saatkamp, H., van Roermund, H., 2011. Control of highly pathogenic avian influenza: epidemiological and economic aspects. LEI Wageningen UR Den Haag."", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Bergevoet, R.H.M., Van Asseldonk, M.A.P.M., Bokma-Bakker, M., Denormandie, N., A.R.W., E., De Koeijer, A., Marchot, P., Saatkamp, H.W., Santini, N., Wilkens, E., 2011. Feasibility study on the revision of Council Decision 2009/470/EC (ex 90/424/EEC) on expenditure in the veterinary field with a view to develop a harmonized EU framework for cost and responsibility sharing schemes for animal diseases. EU DG Sanco."", NA, ""Borck Høg, B., Rosenquist, H., Sørensen, A.I.V., Larsen, L.S., Osek, J., Wieczorek, K., Kusyk, P., Cerdá-Cuéllar, M., Dolz, R., Urdaneta, S., David, B., Hofshagen, M., Wagenaar, J.A., Bolder, N., Jørgensen, F., Williams, N., Merga, Y., Humphrey, T., 2011. Questionnaire survey among broiler producers in six European countries. CAMCON. ISBN: 978-87-92763-21-1."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Council Directive 2005/94/EC, 2005. on community measures for the control of avian influenza and repealing Directive 92/40/EEC. Official Journal of the European Union, L10/16–L10/65."", ""Dijkhuizen, A.A., Morris, R.S., 1997. Animal health economics: principles and applications. University of Sydney Sydney."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Treep, L., Brandwijk, T., Olink, J., Tillie, F., Veer, M., Verhoek, A., 2004. Verkenning hobbydierhouderij. 88p."", 
NA, NA, ""Van Asseldonk, M.A.P.M., Meuwissen, M.P.M., Mourits, M.C.M., Huirne, R.B.M., 2005. Economics of controlling avian influenza epidemics. In: Schrijver, R.S., Koch, G. (Eds.), Avian Influenza: Prevention and Control."", NA, NA, NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N8) in Europe –20 November 2014"", ""Flexible Decision-Making in Crisis Events: Discovering Real Options in the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Epidemics"", 
NA, NA, ""Modeling Infectious Diseases in humans and animals"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0167587715002184",NA,"en","list(name = ""The Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs"")","list(date = ""2015-09-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""Controlling highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks: An epidemiological and economic model analysis"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.06.006"", ""article"", ""Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", ""Journal Title"", ""CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"", 
""Content Type"", ""Copyright""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Backer","2015","Backer et al., 2015"
"Scientific Reports","2021-01-15","2023-10-17",NA,"10.1038/s41598-021-81254-z","2024-09-12","2045-2322","1","2021-01-15","297",NA,"10.1038","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","37","37","3","Estimating epidemiological parameters using diagnostic testing data from low pathogenicity avian influenza infected turkey houses","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81254-z","11","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Limiting spread of low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) during an outbreak is critical to reduce the negative impact on poultry producers and local economies. Mathematical models of disease transmission can support outbreak control efforts by estimating relevant epidemiological parameters. In this article, diagnostic testing data from each house on a premises infected during a LPAI H5N2 outbreak in the state of Minnesota in the United States in 2018 was used to estimate the time of virus introduction and adequate contact rate, which determines the rate of disease spread. A well-defined most likely time of virus introduction, and upper and lower 95% credibility intervals were estimated for each house. The length of the 95% credibility intervals ranged from 11 to 22 with a mean of 17 days. In some houses the contact rate estimates were also well-defined; however, the estimated upper 95% credibility interval bound for the contact rate was occasionally dependent on the upper bound of the prior distribution. The estimated modes ranged from 0.5 to 6.0 with a mean of 2.8 contacts per day. These estimates can be improved with early detection, increased testing of monitored premises, and combining the results of multiple barns that possess similar production systems.</jats:p>","Sci Rep","list(given = c(""Peter J."", ""Sasidhar"", ""Amos"", ""Erica"", ""Mia Kim"", ""Marie"", ""Carol J.""), family = c(""Bonney"", ""Malladi"", ""Ssematimba"", ""Spackman"", ""Torchetti"", ""Culhane"", ""Cardona""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-81254-z.pdf"", ""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-81254-z"", ""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-81254-z.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""text/html"", ""application/pdf""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""81254_CR1"", ""81254_CR2"", ""81254_CR3"", ""81254_CR4"", ""81254_CR5"", ""81254_CR6"", ""81254_CR7"", ""81254_CR8"", ""81254_CR9"", ""81254_CR10"", ""81254_CR11"", ""81254_CR12"", ""81254_CR13"", ""81254_CR14"", ""81254_CR15"", ""81254_CR16"", ""81254_CR17"", ""81254_CR18"", ""81254_CR19"", ""81254_CR20"", ""81254_CR21"", ""81254_CR22"", ""81254_CR23"", ""81254_CR24"", ""81254_CR25"", ""81254_CR26"", ""81254_CR27"", ""81254_CR28"", ""81254_CR29"", ""81254_CR30"", ""81254_CR31"", ""81254_CR32"", ""81254_CR33"", ""81254_CR34"", ""81254_CR35"", ""81254_CR36"", 
""81254_CR37""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA), unstructured = c(""Halvorson, D. A. In Avian Influenza (ed David E. Swayne) Ch. 23, 513–536 (Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2008)."", 
""Halvorson, D. A. The control of H5 or H7 mildly pathogenic avian influenza: a role for inactivated vaccine. Avian Pathol. 31, 5–12 (2002)."", ""Comin, A., Klinkenberg, D., Marangon, S., Toffan, A. & Stegeman, A. Transmission dynamics of low pathogenicity avian influenza infections in Turkey flocks. PLoS ONE 6, e26935 (2011)."", ""Pinsent, A., Blake, I. M., White, M. T. & Riley, S. Surveillance of low pathogenic novel H7N9 avian influenza in commercial poultry barns: detection of outbreaks and estimation of virus introduction time. BMC Infect. Dis. 14, 427 (2014)."", 
""Bos, M. E. et al. Estimating the day of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N7) virus introduction into a poultry flock based on mortality data. Vet. Res. 38, 493–504 (2007)."", ""Stegeman, A., Elbers, A. R., Bouma, A., de Smit, H. & de Jong, M. C. Transmission of classical swine fever virus within herds during the 1997–1998 epidemic in The Netherlands. Prevent. Vet. Med. 42, 201–218 (1999)."", ""Guinat, C. et al. Inferring within-herd transmission parameters for African swine fever virus using mortality data from outbreaks in the Russian Federation. Transbound. Emerg. Dis. 65, e264–e271 (2018)."", 
""Hartig, F., Calabrese, J. M., Reineking, B., Wiegand, T. & Huth, A. Statistical inference for stochastic simulation models–theory and application. Ecol. Lett. 14, 816–827 (2011)."", ""U.S. Department of Agriculture, A. P. H. I. S. Code of Federal Regulations (ed Code of Federal Regulations) (U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2019)."", ""USDA-APHIS. Epidemiologic and other analyses of avian influenza infected poultry flocks: February, 2019 Report. 72 (Fort Collins, CO, April 2019)."", ""Agriculture, U. S. D. o. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 9, Part 56, Control of H5/H7 low pathogenic avian influenza. Federal Register, 206–215 (2019)."", 
""Bonney, P. J. et al. Evaluating the effect of the within-flock disease transmission rate on pre-movement active surveillance in low pathogenicity avian influenza infected flocks. Avian Dis. 63, 249–256 (2018)."", ""Becker, N. G. Analysis of Infectious Disease Data (Chapman and Hall, London, 1989)."", ""Ssematimba, A. et al. Estimating the between-farm transmission rates for highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 epidemics in Bangladesh between 2007 and 2013. Transbound. Emerg. Dis. 65, e127–e134 (2018)."", 
""Pillai, S., Pantin-Jackwood, M., Suarez, D., Saif, Y. & Lee, C.-W. Pathobiological characterization of low-pathogenicity H5 avian influenza viruses of diverse origins in chickens, ducks and turkeys. Adv. Virol. 155, 1439–1451 (2010)."", ""Iqbal, M. et al. Selection of variant viruses during replication and transmission of H7N1 viruses in chickens and turkeys. Virology 433, 282–295 (2012)."", ""Pantin-Jackwood, M. J., Stephens, C. B., Bertran, K., Swayne, D. E. & Spackman, E. The pathogenesis of H7N8 low and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from the United States 2016 outbreak in chickens, turkeys and mallards. PLoS ONE 12, e0177265 (2017)."", 
""Saenz, R. A. et al. Quantifying transmission of highly pathogenic and low pathogenicity H7N1 avian influenza in turkeys. PLoS ONE 7, e45059 (2012)."", ""Spackman, E. et al. The pathogenesis of low pathogenicity H7 avian influenza viruses in chickens, ducks and turkeys. Virol. J. 7, 331 (2010)."", ""Dundon, W. G., Maniero, S., Toffan, A., Capua, I. & Cattoli, G. Appearance of serum antibodies against the avian influenza nonstructural 1 protein in experimentally infected chickens and turkeys. Avian Dis. 51, 209–212 (2007)."", 
""Morales, A. C. Pathogenesis, Virus Shedding and Serologic Response in Selected Domestic Avian Species Against Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza (LPAI) Wild Bird Isolates (University of Georgia, Athens, 2008)."", ""Homme, P., Easterday, B. & Anderson, D. Avian influenza virus infections. II. Experimental epizootiology of influenza A/Turkey/Wisconsin/1966 virus in turkeys. Avian Dis. 240–247 (1970)."", ""Preskenis, L. Characterization of Recent North American Low-Pathogencity Avian Influenza H7 Isolates in SPF Leghorns, Turkeys and Pekin Ducks (University of Delaware, Newark, 2010)."", 
""Spackman, E. et al. Development of a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assay for type A influenza virus and the avian H5 and H7 hemagglutinin subtypes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40, 3256–3260 (2002)."", ""Comin, A., Stegeman, A., Marangon, S. & Klinkenberg, D. Evaluating surveillance strategies for the early detection of low pathogenicity avian influenza infections. PLoS ONE 7, e35956 (2012)."", ""Ssematimba, A. et al. Estimating within-flock transmission rate parameter for H5N2 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in Minnesota turkey flocks during the 2015 epizootic. Epidemiol. Infect. 147 (2019)."", 
""Bos, M. E., Nielen, M., Koch, G., Stegeman, A. & De Jong, M. C. Effect of H7N1 vaccination on highly pathogenic avian influenza H7N7 virus transmission in turkeys. Vaccine 26, 6322–6328 (2008)."", ""Bos, M. E. et al. Within-flock transmission of H7N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in turkeys during the Italian epidemic in 1999–2000. Prevent. Vet. Med. 95, 297–300 (2010)."", ""Bos, M. E. et al. Back-calculation method shows that within-flock transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N7) virus in the Netherlands is not influenced by housing risk factors. Prevent. Vet. Med. 88, 278–285 (2009)."", 
""R: A language and environment for statistical computing (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, 2020)."", ""Kernighan, B. W. & Ritchie, D. M. The C Programming Language. Vol. 2 (Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1988)."", ""Wickham, H. ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis (Springer, New York, 2016)."", ""Todd Weaver, J. et al. A simulation-based evaluation of premovement active surveillance protocol options for the managed movement of turkeys to slaughter during an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in the United States. Avian Dis. 60, 132–145 (2016)."", 
""Cardona, C. et al. An assessment of the risk associated with movement of broilers to market into, within, and out of a control area during a highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak in the United States. 221 (Fort Collins, CO, October 2018)."", ""Raue, A., Kreutz, C., Theis, F. J. & Timmer, J. Joining forces of Bayesian and frequentist methodology: a study for inference in the presence of non-identifiability. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 371, 20110544 (2013)."", ""Marjoram, P., Molitor, J., Plagnol, V. & Tavaré, S. Markov chain Monte Carlo without likelihoods. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100, 15324–15328 (2003)."", 
""USDA-APHIS. Epidemiologic and other analyses of avian influenza affected poultry flocks: May 25, 2018 report. 36 (Fort Collins, CO, May 2018).""), DOI = c(""10.1002/9780813818634.ch23"", ""10.1080/03079450120106570"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0026935"", ""10.1186/1471-2334-14-427"", ""10.1051/vetres:2007008"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00076-8"", ""10.1111/tbed.12748"", ""10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01640.x"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1637/11889-042718-ResNote.1"", NA, ""10.1111/tbed.12692"", NA, ""10.1016/j.virol.2012.08.001"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0177265"", 
""10.1371/journal.pone.0045059"", ""10.1186/1743-422X-7-331"", ""10.1637/7556-033106R.1"", NA, ""10.2307/1588468"", NA, ""10.1128/JCM.40.9.3256-3260.2002"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0035956"", ""10.1017/S0950268819000633"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.09.022"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.04.006"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.12.003"", NA, NA, ""10.1007/978-3-319-24277-4"", ""10.1637/11108-042415-Reg"", NA, ""10.1098/rsta.2011.0544"", ""10.1073/pnas.0306899100"", NA), first.page = c(NA, ""5"", ""e26935"", ""427"", ""493"", ""201"", ""e264"", 
""816"", NA, NA, NA, ""249"", NA, ""e127"", ""1439"", ""282"", ""e0177265"", ""e45059"", ""331"", ""209"", NA, NA, NA, ""3256"", ""e35956"", NA, ""6322"", ""297"", ""278"", NA, NA, NA, ""132"", NA, ""20110544"", ""15324"", NA), volume = c(NA, ""31"", ""6"", ""14"", ""38"", ""42"", ""65"", ""14"", NA, NA, NA, ""63"", NA, ""65"", ""155"", ""433"", ""12"", ""7"", ""7"", ""51"", NA, NA, NA, ""40"", ""7"", NA, ""26"", ""95"", ""88"", NA, NA, NA, ""60"", NA, ""371"", ""100"", NA), author = c(NA, ""DA Halvorson"", ""A Comin"", ""A Pinsent"", ""ME Bos"", ""A Stegeman"", ""C Guinat"", ""F Hartig"", 
NA, NA, NA, ""PJ Bonney"", ""NG Becker"", ""A Ssematimba"", ""S Pillai"", ""M Iqbal"", ""MJ Pantin-Jackwood"", ""RA Saenz"", ""E Spackman"", ""WG Dundon"", ""AC Morales"", NA, ""L Preskenis"", ""E Spackman"", ""A Comin"", NA, ""ME Bos"", ""ME Bos"", ""ME Bos"", NA, NA, ""H Wickham"", ""J Todd Weaver"", NA, ""A Raue"", ""P Marjoram"", NA), year = c(NA, ""2002"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""2007"", ""1999"", ""2018"", ""2011"", NA, NA, NA, ""2018"", ""1989"", ""2018"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2017"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2007"", ""2008"", NA, ""2010"", ""2002"", ""2012"", NA, ""2008"", 
""2010"", ""2009"", NA, NA, ""2016"", ""2016"", NA, ""2013"", ""2003"", NA), journal.title = c(NA, ""Avian Pathol."", ""PLoS ONE"", ""BMC Infect. Dis."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Prevent. Vet. Med."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Ecol. Lett."", NA, NA, NA, ""Avian Dis."", NA, ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Adv. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""PLoS ONE"", ""PLoS ONE"", ""Virol. J."", ""Avian Dis."", NA, NA, NA, ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""PLoS ONE"", NA, ""Vaccine"", ""Prevent. Vet. Med."", ""Prevent. Vet. Med."", NA, NA, NA, ""Avian Dis."", NA, ""Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci."", 
""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."", NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Analysis of Infectious Disease Data"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Pathogenesis, Virus Shedding and Serologic Response in Selected Domestic Avian Species Against Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza (LPAI) Wild Bird Isolates"", NA, ""Characterization of Recent North American Low-Pathogencity Avian Influenza H7 Isolates in SPF Leghorns, Turkeys and Pekin Ducks"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","81254","2021-01-15","en","list(name = c(""State of Minnesota Board of Animal Health"", ""Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health"", ""B.S. Pomeroy Chair in Avian Health""), award1 = c(""CON000000075615"", ""AP18VSCEAH00C016"", NA), award2 = c(""CON000000075615"", ""AP18VSCEAH00C016"", NA), award3 = c(""CON000000075615"", ""AP18VSCEAH00C016"", NA), award4 = c(""CON000000075615"", ""AP18VSCEAH00C016"", NA), award5 = c(""CON000000075615"", ""AP18VSCEAH00C016"", NA))","list(date = c(""2021-01-15"", ""2021-01-15""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"", ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0""))","http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy","list(value = c(""6 October 2020"", ""5 January 2021"", ""15 January 2021"", ""The authors declare no competing interests.""), order = c(1, 2, 3, 1), name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""first_online"", ""Ethics""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""First Online"", NA), group.name = c(""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""EthicsHeading""), group.label = c(""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Competing interests""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Bonney","2021","Bonney et al., 2021"
"Eurosurveillance","2017-02-23","2022-09-15","2017-02-16","10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.7.30462","2024-05-01","1560-7917","7","2017-02-16","7995",NA,"10.2807","European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC)","1","Crossref","30","30","6","Inference and forecast of H7N9 influenza in China, 2013 to 2015","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.7.30462","22","<jats:p>The recent emergence of A(H7N9) avian influenza poses a significant challenge to public health in China and around the world; however, understanding of the transmission dynamics and progression of influenza A(H7N9) infection in domestic poultry, as well as spillover transmission to humans, remains limited. Here, we develop a mathematical model–Bayesian inference system which combines a simple epidemic model and data assimilation method, and use it in conjunction with data on observed human influenza A(H7N9) cases from 19 February 2013 to 19 September 2015 to estimate key epidemiological parameters and to forecast infection in both poultry and humans. Our findings indicate a high outbreak attack rate of 33% among poultry but a low rate of chicken-to-human spillover transmission. In addition, we generated accurate forecasts of the peak timing and magnitude of human influenza A(H7N9) cases. This work demonstrates that transmission dynamics within an avian reservoir can be estimated and that real-time forecast of spillover avian influenza in humans is possible.</jats:p>",NA,"list(given = c(""Ruiyun"", ""Yuqi"", ""Alex"", ""Sasikiran"", ""Jun"", ""Xuyi"", ""Bing"", ""Jeffrey""), family = c(""Li"", ""Bai"", ""Heaney"", ""Kandula"", ""Cai"", ""Zhao"", ""Xu"", ""Shaman""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"", 
NA), affiliation2.name = c(""Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, United States"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"", NA), affiliation.name = c(NA, ""Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"", ""Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, United States"", 
""Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, United States"", ""Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"", ""Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"", NA, ""Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, United States""
))","NULL","list(issue = c(""5772"", ""1"", NA, ""2"", NA, NA, ""7470"", ""9881"", ""20"", NA, NA, ""5"", ""16"", ""1"", ""5627"", ""2"", ""1"", NA, ""50"", ""9"", ""7"", ""12"", ""5"", ""12"", ""9"", ""9916"", ""12"", ""11"", ""3"", NA), key = c(""r1"", ""r2"", ""r3"", ""r4"", ""r5"", ""r6"", ""r7"", ""r8"", ""r9"", ""r10"", ""r11"", ""r12"", ""r13"", ""r14"", ""r15"", ""r16"", ""r17"", ""r18"", ""r19"", ""r20"", ""r21"", ""r22"", ""r23"", ""r24"", ""r25"", ""r26"", ""r27"", ""r28"", ""r29"", ""r30""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, 
""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA), first.page = c(""384"", ""152"", NA, ""150633"", NA, NA, ""241"", ""1926"", ""32"", NA, NA, ""e0126335"", ""1857"", ""23"", ""1966"", ""177"", ""214"", ""2837"", ""20425"", ""2723"", ""e1004383"", ""2884"", ""306"", ""e111834"", ""1565"", ""541"", ""2034"", ""878"", ""e0151333"", NA), DOI = c(""10.1126/science.1122438"", ""10.1128/mr.56.1.152-179.1992"", 
NA, ""10.1098/rsos.150633"", NA, NA, ""10.1038/nature12515"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60938-1"", ""10.2807/ese.18.20.20481-en"", NA, NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0126335"", ""10.1007/s11434-013-5873-4"", ""10.1177/096228029300200103"", ""10.1126/science.1086616"", ""10.1111/irv.12217"", ""10.1186/1741-7015-11-214"", ""10.1038/ncomms3837"", ""10.1073/pnas.1208772109"", ""10.1073/pnas.1415012112"", ""10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004383"", ""10.1175/1520-0493(2001)129<2884:AEAKFF>2.0.CO;2"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00234.x"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0111834"", 
""10.3201/eid2009.131243"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61904-2"", ""10.3201/eid2012.140765"", ""10.1007/s13238-014-0084-6"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0151333"", NA), article.title = c(""Global patterns of influenza a virus in wild birds."", ""Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses."", NA, ""Does influenza A virus infection affect movement behaviour during stopover in its wild reservoir host?"", NA, NA, ""The genesis and source of the H7N9 influenza viruses causing human infections in China."", ""Origin and diversity of novel avian influenza A H7N9 viruses causing human infection: phylogenetic, structural, and coalescent analyses."", 
""Epidemiological link between exposure to poultry and all influenza A(H7N9) confirmed cases in Huzhou city, China, March to May 2013."", NA, NA, ""Environmental sampling for avian influenza A(H7N9) in live-poultry markets in Guangdong, China."", ""Isolation and characterization of H7N9 viruses from live poultry markets – implication of the source of current H7N9 infection in humans."", ""The estimation of the basic reproduction number for infectious diseases."", ""Transmission dynamics and control of severe acute respiratory syndrome."", 
""The 1918 influenza pandemic in New York City: age-specific timing, mortality, and transmission dynamics."", ""Transmission potential of influenza A/H7N9, February to May 2013, China."", ""Real-time influenza forecasts during the 2012-2013 season."", ""Forecasting seasonal outbreaks of influenza."", ""Inference of seasonal and pandemic influenza transmission dynamics."", ""Forecasting influenza epidemics in Hong Kong."", ""An ensemble adjustment Kalman Filter for data assimilation."", ""Transmission parameters of the A/H1N1 (2009) influenza virus pandemic: a review."", 
""Quantification of bird-to-bird and bird-to-human infections during 2013 novel H7N9 avian influenza outbreak in China."", ""Live poultry market closure and control of avian influenza A(H7N9), Shanghai, China."", ""Effect of closure of live poultry markets on poultry-to-person transmission of avian influenza A H7N9 virus: an ecological study."", ""Circulation of reassortant influenza A(H7N9) viruses in poultry and humans, Guangdong Province, China, 2013."", ""Continuous reassortments with local chicken H9N2 virus underlie the human-infecting influenza A (H7N9) virus in the new influenza season, Guangdong, China."", 
""Seasonality of influenza A(H7N9) in China – fitting simple epidemic models to human cases."", NA), volume = c(""312"", ""56"", NA, ""3"", NA, NA, ""502"", ""381"", ""18"", NA, NA, ""10"", ""58"", ""2"", ""300"", ""8"", ""11"", ""4"", ""109"", ""112"", ""11"", ""129"", ""5"", ""9"", ""20"", ""383"", ""20"", ""5"", ""11"", NA), author = c(""Olsen"", ""Webster"", NA, ""Bengtsson"", NA, NA, ""Lam"", ""Liu"", ""Han"", NA, NA, ""Kang"", ""Shi"", ""Dietz"", ""Lipsitch"", ""Yang"", ""Chowell"", ""Shaman"", ""Shaman"", ""Yang"", ""Yang"", ""Anderson"", ""Boëlle"", ""Hsieh"", ""He"", ""Yu"", 
""Ke"", ""Qi"", ""Lin"", NA), year = c(""2006"", ""1992"", NA, ""2016"", NA, NA, ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", NA, NA, ""2015"", ""2013"", ""1993"", ""2003"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2012"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2001"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2016"", NA), journal.title = c(""Science"", ""Microbiol Rev"", NA, ""R Soc Open Sci"", NA, NA, ""Nature"", ""Lancet"", ""Euro Surveill"", NA, NA, ""PLoS One"", ""Chin Sci Bull"", ""Stat Methods Med Res"", ""Science"", ""Influenza Other Respi Viruses"", ""BMC Med"", ""Nat Commun"", ""Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"", 
""Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"", ""PLOS Comput Biol"", ""Mon Weather Rev"", ""Influenza Other Respi Viruses"", ""PLoS One"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Lancet"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Protein Cell"", ""PLoS One"", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, ""Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Transmission of influenza viruses from animals to people. Atlanta: CDC; 2014. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/transmission.htm"", NA, ""European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Updated rapid risk assessment – human infection with a novel avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, China. Stockholm: ECDC; 2014. Available from: http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/influenza-AH7N9-China-rapid-risk-assessment-27-January-2014.pdf"", 
""Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Fourth wave of H7N9 avian influenza threatens livelihoods, public health. Rome: FAO; 2015. Available from: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/news_151015.html"", NA, NA, NA, ""Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. Updated on 12 Feb 2014. Atlanta: CDC; 2014. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/h7n9-virus.htm"", ""Public Health Agency of Canada. Summary of assessment of public health risk to Canada associated with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in China. Montréal: Public Health Agency of Canada; 2016. Available from: http://phac-aspc.gc.ca/eri-ire/h7n9/risk_assessment-evaluation_risque-eng.php"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China (MOA). Emergency guide for H7N9 avian influenza in animals (for trial implentation). Beijing: MOA; 2013. Available from: http://www.moa.gov.cn/govpublic/SYJ/201304/t20130409_3428338.htm.""))",NA,NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2017-02-16"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.es.crp2020","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Li","2017","Li et al., 2017"
"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","2019-04-24","2019-04-24","2019","10.3934/mbe.2019170","2024-08-07","1551-0018","5","2019","2321","3393-3410","10.3934","American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS)","1","Crossref","8","8","2","Evaluating the effect of virus mutation on the transmission of avian influenza H7N9 virus in China based on dynamical model","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2019170","16",NA,NA,"list(given = c(""Ning"", NA, ""Juan"", ""Li"", ""Zhen"", NA, NA), family = c(""Bai"", NA, ""Zhang"", ""Li"", ""Jin"", NA, NA), sequence = c(""first"", ""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), name = c(NA, ""1 Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People’s Republicof China"", NA, NA, NA, ""2 Shanxi Key Laboratory of Mathematical Techniques and Big Data Analysis on Disease Control andPrevention, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People’s Republic of China"", 
""3 School of Computer &amp; Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006,People’s Republic of China""))","list(URL = ""http://www.aimspress.com/article/10.3934/mbe.2019170"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(unstructured = c(""4. <em>Avian Influenza Report,</em> Report of the government of the Hong Kong Special AdministrativeRegion, Available from: https://www.chp.gov.hk/sc/resources/29/332.html."", ""5. X. Wang, H. Jiang, P. Wu, et al, Epidemiology of avian influenza A H7N9 virus in humanbeings across five epidemics in mainland China, 2013-17: an epidemiological study of laboratory-confirmed case series, <em>Lancet Infect. Dis.,</em> 17 (2017), 822–832."", ""6. A. Badulak, Human Infections with the Emerging Avian Influenza A H7N9 Virus from WetMarket Poultry: Clinical Analysis and Characterization of Viral Genome,<em> J. Emerg. Med.,</em> 45(2013), 484."", 
""8. <em>Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus - China,</em> Report of World Health Organiza-tion, Available from: http://www.who.int/csr/don/27-february-2017-ah7n9-china/en/."", ""11. C. Quan, W. Shi, Y. Yang, et al, New threats of H7N9 influenza virus: the spread and evolution ofhighly and low pathogenic variants with high genomic diversity in Wave Five, <em>J. Virol.,</em> 92 (2018),JVI.00301-18."", ""12. <em>Official Veterinary Bulletin,</em> Report of Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China,Available from: http://jiuban.moa.gov.cn/zwllm/tzgg/gb/sygb/."", 
""26. <em>Guangdong statistical yearbook,</em> Report of Guangdong statistical information network, Availablefrom: http://www.gdstats.gov.cn/tjsj/gdtjnj/."", ""27. <em>Nation data,</em> Report of Nation Bureau of Statistics of China, Available from: http://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=E0103.""), article.title = c(""<em>Avian Influenza Report,</em> Report of the government of the Hong Kong Special AdministrativeRegion, Available"", ""X. Wang, H. Jiang, P. Wu, et al, Epidemiology of avian influenza A H7N9 virus in humanbeings across five epidemics in mainland China,"", 
""A. Badulak, Human Infections with the Emerging Avian Influenza A H7N9 Virus from WetMarket"", ""<em>Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus - China,</em> Report of World Health Organiza-tion, Available"", ""C. Quan, W. Shi, Y. Yang, et al, New threats of H7N9 influenza"", ""<em>Official Veterinary Bulletin,</em> Report of Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China,Available"", ""<em>Guangdong statistical yearbook,</em> Report of Guangdong statistical information network,"", ""<em>Nation data,</em> Report of Nation Bureau of Statistics of China, Available""
), key = c(""4"", ""5"", ""6"", ""8"", ""11"", ""12"", ""26"", ""27""))",NA,NA,"en","NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Bai","2019","Bai et al., 2019"
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"Evolutionary Applications","2017-11-13","2023-08-17","2018-04","10.1111/eva.12576","2025-02-21","1752-4571,1752-4571","4","2017-12","311","547-557","10.1111","Wiley","1","Crossref","52","52","17","Inferring epidemiologic dynamics from viral evolution: 2014–2015 Eurasian/North American highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses exceed transmission threshold, <i>R</i><sub>0</sub> = 1, in wild birds and poultry in North America","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12576","11","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (<jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">HPAIV</jats:styled-content>) is a multihost pathogen with lineages that pose health risks for domestic birds, wild birds, and humans. One mechanism of intercontinental <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">HPAIV</jats:styled-content> spread is through wild bird reservoirs, and wild birds were the likely sources of a Eurasian (<jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">EA</jats:styled-content>) lineage <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">HPAIV</jats:styled-content> into North America in 2014. The introduction resulted in several reassortment events with North American (<jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">NA</jats:styled-content>) lineage low‐pathogenic avian influenza viruses and the reassortant <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">EA</jats:styled-content>/<jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">NA</jats:styled-content> H5N2 went on to cause one of the largest <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">HPAIV</jats:styled-content> poultry outbreaks in North America. We evaluated three hypotheses about novel <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">HPAIV</jats:styled-content> introduced into wild and domestic bird hosts: (i) transmission of novel <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">HPAIV</jats:styled-content>s in wild birds was restricted by mechanisms associated with highly pathogenic phenotypes; (ii) the <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">HPAIV</jats:styled-content> poultry outbreak was not self‐sustaining and required viral input from wild birds; and (iii) reassortment of the <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">EA</jats:styled-content> H5N8 generated reassortant <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">EA</jats:styled-content>/<jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">NA AIV</jats:styled-content>s with a fitness advantage over fully Eurasian lineages in North American wild birds. We used a time‐rooted phylodynamic model that explicitly incorporated viral population dynamics with evolutionary dynamics to estimate the basic reproductive number (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>) and viral migration among host types in domestic and wild birds, as well as between the <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">EA</jats:styled-content> H5N8 and <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">EA</jats:styled-content>/<jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">NA</jats:styled-content> H5N2 in wild birds. We did not find evidence to support hypothesis (i) or (ii) as our estimates of the transmission parameters suggested that the <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">HPAIV</jats:styled-content> outbreak met or exceeded the threshold for persistence in wild birds (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub> &gt; 1) and poultry (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub> ≈ 1) with minimal estimated transmission among host types. There was also no evidence to support hypothesis (iii) because <jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub> values were similar among <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">EA</jats:styled-content> H5N8 and <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">EA</jats:styled-content>/<jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">NA</jats:styled-content> H5N2 in wild birds. Our results suggest that this novel <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">HPAIV</jats:styled-content> and reassortments did not encounter any transmission barriers sufficient to prevent persistence when introduced to wild or domestic birds.</jats:p>","Evolutionary Applications","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-1549"", NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""Daniel A."", ""Jeffrey S."", ""Robert J."", ""Hon S.""), family = c(""Grear"", ""Hall"", ""Dusek"", ""Ip""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""United States Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center  Madison WI USA"", ""United States Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center  Madison WI USA"", ""United States Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center  Madison WI USA"", 
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""10.1038/srep36237"", ""10.1111/irv.12324"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00331.x"", ""10.1098/rstb.2012.0198"", ""10.1093/molbev/msr217"", ""10.1073/pnas.1207965110"", ""10.1086/425583"", NA, ""10.1098/rsif.2014.0945"", ""10.1186/s12859-015-0749-z"", ""10.32614/RJ-2016-025""), issue = c(NA, ""1"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(NA, ""e47"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""7"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, ""Emerging concepts of data integration in pathogen phylodynamics"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""CODA: Convergence diagnosis and output analysis for MCMC"", NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, ""1"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""6"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, ""Baele G."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Gelman A."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Plummer M."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, ""2017"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2014"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2006"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, ""Systematic Biology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""R News"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bayesian data analysis"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Greene J. L.(2015).Update on the Highly‐Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreak of 2014‐2015. CRS Report #R44114.Washington DC:Congressional Research Service. Retrieved fromhttps://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R44114.pdf"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""USDA APHIS. (2015).Epidemiologic and Other Analyses of HPAI‐Affected Poultry Flocks: September 9 2015 Report.Fort Collins CO. Retrieved fromhttp://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_dis_spec/poultry/downloads/Epidemiologic-Analysis-June-15-2015.pdf"", NA, NA, NA))","10.1111/eva.12576","2017-12","en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/100000203"", name = ""U.S. Geological Survey"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", award = ""Ecosystems Mission Area"", id.id = ""10.13039/100000203"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = c(""2017-12-01"", ""2017-12-01""), content.version = c(""am"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"", ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/""))",NA,"NULL","Portico",NA,"NULL",NA,"Grear","2017","Grear et al., 2017"
"PLoS ONE","2011-10-26","2018-10-23",NA,"10.1371/journal.pone.0026935","2025-04-25","1932-6203","10","2011-10-26","340","e26935","10.1371","Public Library of Science (PLoS)","1","Crossref","21","21","27","Transmission Dynamics of Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Infections in Turkey Flocks","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0026935","6",NA,"PLoS ONE","list(given = c(""Arianna"", ""Don"", ""Stefano"", ""Anna"", ""Arjan""), family = c(""Comin"", ""Klinkenberg"", ""Marangon"", ""Toffan"", ""Stegeman""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0026935"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref1"", ""ref2"", ""ref3"", ""ref4"", ""ref5"", ""ref6"", ""ref7"", ""ref8"", ""ref9"", ""ref10"", ""ref11"", ""ref12"", ""ref13"", ""ref14"", ""ref15"", ""ref16"", ""ref17"", ""ref18"", ""ref19"", ""ref20"", ""ref21""), year = c(""2009"", ""2008"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2003"", ""2003"", ""2011"", ""1992"", ""2007"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2004"", ""2007"", ""2010"", ""2004"", ""2009"", ""2007"", ""2006"", ""2010"", ""2007"", ""2008""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", 
""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA), DOI = c(NA, ""10.1002/9780813818634.ch9"", NA, ""10.1016/j.cimid.2008.01.004"", ""10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.976"", ""10.1017/S0950268803001067"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.04.022"", NA, ""10.1086/522007"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.12.003"", NA, ""10.1637/7103"", ""10.1637/7556-033106R.1"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.04.006"", ""10.1080/03079450310001652077"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.1000281"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.01.113"", ""10.1007/s11538-005-9047-7"", 
NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, ""Highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in Europe, Asia and Africa since 1959, excluding the Asian H5N1 virus outbreaks."", NA, ""The history of avian influenza."", ""Should we change the definition of avian influenza for eradication purposes?"", ""Comparison of the transmission characteristics of low and high pathogenicity avian influenza A virus (H5N2)."", ""Transmission between chickens of an H7N1 low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated during the epidemic of 1999 in Italy."", 
""Infectious diseases of humans: Dynamics and control."", ""Transmission of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 within flocks during the 2004 epidemic in Thailand."", ""Back-calculation method shows that within-flock transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N7) virus in the Netherlands is not influenced by housing risk factors."", ""Design and results of an intensive monitoring programme for avian influenza in meat-type turkey flocks during four epidemics in northern Italy."", ""Comparative susceptibility of chickens and turkeys to avian influenza A H7N2 virus infection and protective efficacy of a commercial avian influenza H7N2 virus vaccine."", 
""Appearance of serum antibodies against the avian influenza nonstructural 1 protein in experimentally infected chickens and turkeys."", ""Within-flock transmission of H7N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in turkeys during the italian epidemic in 1999–2000."", ""Increased resistance of vaccinated turkeys to experimental infection with an H7N3 low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus."", ""Estimation of transmission parameters of H5N1 avian influenza virus in chickens."", ""The use of vaccination to combat multiple introductions of notifiable avian influenza viruses of the H5 and H7 subtypes between 2000 and 2006 in Italy."", 
""Generality of the final size formula for an epidemic of a newly invading infectious disease."", ""Estimate of basic reproduction number (R0) of low pathogenicity avian influenza outbreaks using a Bayesian approach."", ""WinBUGS User Manual – upgraded version 1.4.3."", NA), author = c(NA, ""DJ Alexander"", NA, ""B Lupiani"", ""DJ Alexander"", ""JA van der Goot"", ""JL Gonzales"", ""RM Anderson"", ""T Tiensin"", ""MEH Bos"", ""A Comin"", ""TM Tumpey"", ""WG Dundon"", ""MEH Bos"", ""I Capua"", ""A Bouma"", ""I Capua"", ""J Ma"", ""A Comin"", 
""D Spiegelhalter"", NA), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, ""4"", ""3 Suppl"", ""2"", NA, NA, ""11"", ""4"", NA, ""1"", ""1 Suppl"", ""3–4"", ""2"", ""1"", ""27"", ""3"", NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, ""311"", ""976"", ""1003"", NA, NA, ""1679"", ""278"", NA, ""167"", ""209"", ""297"", ""158"", ""e1000281"", ""4987"", ""679"", ""145"", NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, ""32"", ""47"", ""131"", NA, NA, ""196"", ""88"", NA, ""48"", ""51"", ""95"", ""33"", ""5"", ""25"", ""68"", NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"", ""Avian Diseases"", 
""Epidemiology and Infection"", NA, NA, ""The Journal of Infectious Diseases"", ""Prev Vet Med"", NA, ""Avian Diseases"", ""Avian Dis"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Avian Pathol"", ""PLoS Pathog"", ""Vaccine"", ""Bull Math Biol"", NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2011-10-26","en","NULL","list(date = ""2011-10-26"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Comin","2011","Comin et al., 2011"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2008-06-18","2024-02-27","2009-02","10.1017/s0950268808000885","2025-05-08","0950-2688,1469-4409","2","2008-06-18","56","219-226","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","29","29","52","Estimation of the basic reproductive number (<i>R</i><sub>0</sub>) for epidemic, highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 spread","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268808000885","137","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>Three different methods were used for estimating the basic reproductive number (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>) from data on 110 outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 that occurred in village poultry in Romania, 12 May to 6 June 2006. We assumed a village-level infectious period of 7 days. The methods applied were GIS-based identification of nearest infectious neighbour (based on either Euclidean or road distance), the method of epidemic doubling time, and a susceptible–infectious (SI) modelling approach. In general, the estimated basic reproductive numbers were consistent: 2·14, 1·95, 2·68 and 2·21, respectively. Although the true basic reproductive number in this epidemic is unknown, results suggest that the use of a range of methods might be useful for characterizing epidemics of infectious diseases. Once the basic reproductive number has been estimated, better control strategies and targeted surveillance programmes can be designed.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""M. P."", ""D."", ""C."", ""A.""), family = c(""WARD"", ""MAFTEI"", ""APOSTU"", ""SURU""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268808000885"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268808000885_ref027"", ""S0950268808000885_ref021"", ""S0950268808000885_ref026"", ""S0950268808000885_ref018"", ""S0950268808000885_ref014"", ""S0950268808000885_ref004"", ""S0950268808000885_ref002"", ""S0950268808000885_ref010"", ""S0950268808000885_ref029"", ""S0950268808000885_ref001"", ""S0950268808000885_ref016"", ""S0950268808000885_ref025"", ""S0950268808000885_ref013"", ""S0950268808000885_ref003"", ""S0950268808000885_ref019"", ""S0950268808000885_ref012"", ""S0950268808000885_ref017"", ""S0950268808000885_ref007"", 
""S0950268808000885_ref008"", ""S0950268808000885_ref005"", ""S0950268808000885_ref006"", ""S0950268808000885_ref009"", ""S0950268808000885_ref011"", ""S0950268808000885_ref015"", ""S0950268808000885_ref020"", ""S0950268808000885_ref022"", ""S0950268808000885_ref023"", ""S0950268808000885_ref024"", ""S0950268808000885_ref028""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1038/nature03063"", ""10.1136/vr.157.6.159"", ""10.1016/j.mehy.2006.07.041"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00111-7"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00077-X"", ""10.3201/eid1212.060829"", ""10.1093/oso/9780198545996.001.0001"", ""10.1111/j.1751-0813.1990.tb07727.x"", ""10.1073/pnas.0601266103"", NA, ""10.1086/522007"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(95)00538-2"", 
NA, ""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00160-7"", ""10.1080/03079450601161406"", ""10.1051/vetres:2007063"", ""10.1086/425583"", ""10.1089/vbz.2004.4.177"", ""10.1637/MS 7597-040506.1"", ""10.1007/BF00362792"", ""10.1007/978-1-4615-5951-1_3"", ""10.3923/ijps.2005.39.43"", ""10.1136/vr.159.13.403"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.04.017"", ""10.1126/science.310.5747.426"", ""10.1637/6063"", ""10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.1096"", ""10.2460/javma.228.12.1869"", ""10.1126/science.1115717""), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control"", 
NA, NA, ""Epidemiologic Methods for the Study of Infectious Diseases"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Anderson"", NA, NA, ""Halloran"", NA, NA, ""Ward"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Khawaja"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1991"", NA, NA, ""2001"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2005"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""63"", NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""39"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Environmental and anthropogenic risk factors for highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 outbreaks in Romania, 2005–2006"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Surveillance of avian influenza viruses in wild birds in areas adjacent to the epicenter of an outbreak in Federal Capital Territory of Pakistan"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary Research Communications"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""International Journal of Poultry Science"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""4"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0950268808000885","2008-06-18","en","NULL","list(date = ""2008-06-18"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"WARD","2008","WARD et al., 2008"
"PLoS ONE","2007-04-03","2020-05-08",NA,"10.1371/journal.pone.0000349","2024-07-24","1932-6203","4","2007-04-04","340","e349","10.1371","Public Library of Science (PLoS)","1","Crossref","26","26","43","The Transmissibility of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Commercial Poultry in Industrialised Countries","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000349","2",NA,"PLoS ONE","list(given = c(""Tini"", ""Paul"", ""Azra C.""), family = c(""Garske"", ""Clarke"", ""Ghani""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000349"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref1"", ""ref2"", ""ref3"", ""ref4"", ""ref5"", ""ref6"", ""ref7"", ""ref8"", ""ref9"", ""ref10"", ""ref11"", ""ref12"", ""ref13"", ""ref14"", ""ref15"", ""ref16"", ""ref17"", ""ref18"", ""ref19"", ""ref20"", ""ref21"", ""ref22"", ""ref23"", ""ref24"", ""ref25"", ""ref26""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, 
""crossref""), first.page = c(""2"", ""8951"", ""3"", ""393"", ""1319"", ""7"", ""289"", ""455"", ""13"", NA, ""167"", ""691"", NA, NA, ""2088"", ""1356"", ""587"", NA, ""509"", NA, NA, ""405"", ""153"", ""18141"", ""16"", ""542""), DOI = c(""10.1016/j.jcv.2005.09.002"", ""10.1128/JVI.78.17.8951-8959.2004"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00160-7"", ""10.1080/03079450410001724085"", ""10.3201/eid1209.060430"", ""10.1016/S0001-706X(02)00057-8"", ""10.1080/03079450050118403"", ""10.1080/03079459994470"", NA, NA, ""10.1637/7103"", ""10.1637/7149"", NA, NA, ""10.1086/425583"", 
""10.1073/pnas.0308352100"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15589-X"", NA, ""10.1093/aje/kwh255"", NA, ""10.1017/CBO9780511802843"", ""10.1080/03079450410001724012"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2005.07.011"", ""10.1073/pnas.0505098102"", NA, ""10.1038/35097116""), article.title = c(""Avian influenza A (H5N1)."", ""Influenza: Emergence and Control."", ""A review of avian influenza in different bird species."", ""Avian influenza: recent developments."", ""Control of Avian Influenza in Poultry."", ""The 1999–2000 avian influenza (H7N1) epidemic in Italy: Veterinary and human health implications."", 
""The avian influenza epidemic in Italy, 1999–2000: a review."", ""Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N2) in italy during October 1997 to January 1998."", ""Spatio-temporal analysis of the 1999–2000 avian influenza epidemic in the main poultry production area in northern Italy."", ""The control of avian influenza in areas at risk: the Italian experience 1997–2003; 2003; Wageningen, The Netherlands"", ""Comparative Susceptibility of Chickens and Turkeys to Avian Influenza A H7N2 Virus Infection and Protective Efficacy of a Commerical Avian Influenza H7N2 Virus Vaccine."", 
""The highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N7) virus epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003 - lessons learned from the first five outbreaks."", ""Avian Influenza (H7N7) in The Netherlands 2003; 2006; Edinburgh"", ""Avian influenza (AI) in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany - chronology of main events and list of decisiions adopted by the commission"", ""Avian Influenza A Virus (H7N7) Epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: Course of the Epidemic and Effectiveness of Control Measures."", ""Avian influenza A virus (H7N7) associated with human conjunctivitis and a fatal case of acute respiratory distress syndrome."", 
""Transmission of H7N7 avian influenza A virus to human beings during a large outbreak in commercial poultry farms in the Netherlands."", ""A Short Summary of the 2004 Outbreak of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (H7N3) in British Columbia, Canada"", ""Different Epidemic Curves for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Reveal Similar Impacts of Control Measures."", ""Numerical recipes in C: the art of scientific computing"", ""Bootstrap Methods and their Application"", ""Vaccination of chickens against H5N1 avian influenza in the face of an outbreak interrupts virus transmission."", 
""Protective efficacy in chickens, geese and ducks of an H5N1-inactivated vaccine developed by reverse genetics."", ""Quantification of the effect of vaccination on transmission of avian influenza (H7N7) in chickens."", ""Council directive 2005/94/EC of 20 December 2005 on Community measures for the control of avian influenza in repealing Directive 92/40/EEC."", ""Transmission intensity and impact of control policies on the foot and mouth epidemic in Great Britain.""), volume = c(""35"", ""78"", ""74"", ""33"", 
""12"", ""83"", ""29"", ""28"", NA, NA, ""48"", ""48"", NA, NA, ""190"", ""101"", ""363"", NA, ""160"", NA, NA, ""33"", ""341"", ""102"", NA, ""413""), author = c(""MD de Jong"", ""AS Lipatov"", ""DJ Alexander"", ""I Capua"", ""I Capua"", ""I Capua"", ""I Capua"", ""I Capua"", ""A Mannelli"", ""S Marangon"", ""TM Tumpey"", ""AR Elbers"", ""A Stegeman"", ""DG Sanco"", ""A Stegeman"", ""RAM Fouchier"", ""M Koopmans"", NA, ""J Wallinga"", ""WH Press"", ""AC Davison"", ""TM Ellis"", ""G Tian"", ""JA van der Goot"", NA, ""NM Ferguson""), year = c(""2006"", ""2004"", ""2000"", ""2004"", 
""2006"", ""2002"", ""2000"", ""1999"", ""2004"", NA, ""2004"", ""2004"", NA, ""2003"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""1992"", ""1997"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""2001""), journal.title = c(""Journal of Clinical Virology"", ""Journal of Viorology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Avian Pathology"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Acta Tropica"", ""Avian Pathology"", ""Avian Pathology"", NA, NA, ""Avian Diseases"", ""Avian Diseases"", NA, NA, ""Journal of Infectious Diseases"", ""PNAS"", ""The Lancet"", NA, ""American Journal of Epidemiology"", 
NA, NA, ""Avian Pathology"", ""Virology"", ""PNAS"", ""Official Journal of the European Union"", ""Nature""))",NA,"2007-04-04","en","NULL","list(date = ""2007-04-04"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Garske","2007","Garske et al., 2007"
"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","2012-02-25","2018-11-25","2012-09","10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021","2024-06-28","0167-5877","2","2012-09","78","143-151","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","29","29","11","Estimating spatial and temporal variations of the reproduction number for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 epidemic in Thailand","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021","106",NA,"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","list(given = c(""N."", ""M."", ""S."", ""C."", ""W."", ""F."", ""C."", ""K.""), family = c(""Marquetoux"", ""Paul"", ""Wongnarkpet"", ""Poolkhet"", ""Thanapongtharm"", ""Roger"", ""Ducrot"", ""Chalvet-Monfray""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587712000396?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587712000396?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0005"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0010"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0015"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0020"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0025"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0030"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0035"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0040"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0045"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0050"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0055"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0060"", 
""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0065"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0070"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0075"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0080"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0085"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0090"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0095"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0100"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0105"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0110"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0150"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0120"", 
""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0125"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0130"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0135"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0140"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021_bib0145""), series.title = c(""Infectious Diseases of Humans"", NA, ""Applied Spatial Data Analysis with R"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(""Anderson"", ""Bivand"", ""Bivand"", ""Buranathai"", ""Capua"", ""Chowell"", ""Cross"", 
""de Jong"", ""Degallier"", ""Diekmann"", ""Favier"", ""Gilbert"", ""Haydon"", ""Hethcote"", ""Kermack"", ""Kilpatrick"", ""Lee"", ""Mishra"", ""Paul"", ""Pouillot"", ""Soares Magalhaes"", ""Souris"", ""Tiensin"", ""Tiensin"", ""Vynnycky"", ""Ward"", ""Wearing"", ""Webster"", ""Yee""), year = c(""1991"", ""2009"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""1995"", ""2005"", ""1990"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2003"", ""2000"", ""1991"", ""2006"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2009"", ""2005"", ""2006"", ""2009""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, 
""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""), first.page = c(NA, ""2859"", ""237"", ""194"", ""213"", ""155"", ""315"", ""183"", ""131"", ""365"", ""332"", ""227"", ""121"", ""599"", ""33"", ""19368"", ""3692"", ""87"", NA, ""330"", ""31"", ""3"", ""1735"", ""1679"", ""881"", ""219"", 
""e174"", ""303"", ""325""), DOI = c(NA, ""10.1016/j.csda.2008.07.021"", NA, ""10.1637/7594-040306R.1"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.07.004"", ""10.1098/rsif.2006.0161"", ""10.1098/rsif.2006.0185"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(95)00538-2"", NA, ""10.1007/BF00178324"", ""10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01560.x"", ""10.3201/eid1202.050640"", ""10.1098/rspb.2002.2191"", ""10.1137/S0036144500371907"", NA, ""10.1073/pnas.0609227103"", ""10.1128/JVI.79.6.3692-3702.2005"", ""10.1136/jech.2009.097113"", ""10.1051/vetres/2009076"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.07.011"", 
""10.1186/1746-6148-6-31"", ""10.1186/1476-072X-9-3"", ""10.1086/599207"", ""10.1086/522007"", ""10.1093/ije/dym071"", ""10.1017/S0950268808000885"", ""10.1371/journal.pmed.0020174"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2006.01.044"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2008.01.005""), article.title = c(NA, ""Power calculations for global and local Moran's"", ""Areal data and spatial autocorrelation"", ""Surveillance activities and molecular analysis of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from Thailand, 2004–2005"", ""Avian influenza: we have the chance to make a difference"", 
""Comparative estimation of the reproduction number for pandemic influenza from daily case notification data"", ""Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations"", ""Mathematical modelling in veterinary epidemiology: why model building is important"", ""Une nouvelle méthode d’estimation du taux de reproduction des maladies (R0): application à l’étude des épidémies de dengue dans le District Fédéral (Brésil)"", ""On the definition and the computation of the basic reproduction ratio R0 in models for infectious diseases in heterogeneous populations"", 
""Early determination of the reproductive number for vector-borne diseases: the case of dengue in Brazil"", ""Free-grazing ducks and highly pathogenic avian influenza, Thailand"", ""The construction and analysis of epidemic trees with reference to the 2001 UK foot-and-mouth outbreak"", ""The mathematics of infectious diseases"", ""Contributions to the mathematical theory of epidemics—I. 1927"", ""Predicting the global spread of H5N1 avian influenza"", ""Characterization of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza A Viruses Isolated from South Korea—Lee et al. 79 (6): 3692"", 
""The ABC of terms used in mathematical models of infectious diseases"", ""Anthropogenic factors and the risk of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1: prospects from a spatial-based model"", ""Evaluating variability and uncertainty separately in microbial quantitative risk assessment using two R packages"", ""Evaluating the control of HPAIV H5N1 in Vietnam: virus transmission within infected flocks reported before and after vaccination"", ""Retrospective space-time analysis of H5N1 Avian Influenza emergence in Thailand"", 
""Ecologic risk factor investigation of clusters of Avian Influenza A (H5N1) virus infection in Thailand"", ""Transmission of the highly pathogenic avian Influenza Virus H5N1 within flocks during the 2004 epidemic in Thailand"", ""Estimates of the reproduction numbers of Spanish influenza using morbidity data"", ""Estimation of the basic reproductive number (R0) for epidemic, highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 spread"", ""Appropriate models for the management of infectious diseases"", ""The immunogenicity and efficacy against H5N1 challenge of reverse genetics-derived H5N3 influenza vaccine in ducks and"", 
""Epidemiology of H5N1 avian influenza""), volume = c(NA, ""53"", NA, ""51"", ""174"", ""4"", ""4"", ""25"", ""4"", ""28"", ""11"", ""12"", ""270"", ""42"", ""53"", ""103"", ""79"", ""65"", ""41"", ""142"", ""6"", ""9"", ""199"", ""196"", ""36"", ""137"", ""2"", ""351"", ""32""), journal.title = c(NA, ""Comput. Stat. Data Anal."", NA, ""Avian Dis."", ""Vet. J."", ""J. R. Soc. Interface"", ""J. R. Soc. Interface"", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Environn. Risques Santé"", ""J. Math. Biol."", ""Trop. Med. Int. Health"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Proc Biol Sci"", ""SIAM Rev"", ""Bull. Math. Biol."", 
""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Epidemiol. Community Health"", ""Vet. Res."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""BMC Vet. Res."", ""Int. J. Health Geographics"", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Int. J. Epidemiol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""PLoS Med."", ""Virology"", ""Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.""), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""12"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0167587712000396",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2012-09-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Marquetoux","2012","Marquetoux et al., 2012"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2003-10-07","2019-05-06","2003-10","10.1017/s0950268803001067","2025-05-02","0950-2688,1469-4409","2","2003-10","56","1003-1013","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","0","0","99","Comparison of the transmission characteristics of low and high pathogenicity avian influenza A virus (H5N2)","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268803001067","131","<jats:p>Low pathogenicity avian influenza A strains (LPAI) of the H5 and H7 type are noted for their ability to transform into highly pathogenic counterparts (HPAI). Here we compare the transmission characteristics in poultry of LPAI H5N2 (A/Chicken/Pennsylvania/83) and corresponding HPAI virus by means of transmission experiments. In the experiments, five inoculated animals are placed in a cage with five contact animals, and the infection chain is monitored by taking blood samples, and samples from the trachea and cloaca. The data are analysed by final size methods and a generalized linear model. The results show that HPAI virus is more infectious and induces a longer infectious period than LPAI. In fact, fully susceptible animals are invariably infected when confronted with HPAI virus and die within six days after infection. Animals previously infected with LPAI virus, on the other hand, survive an infection with HPAI virus or escape infection all together. This implies that a previous infection with LPAI virus effectively reduces susceptibility of the host to infection and decreases transmission of HPAI virus. We discuss the implications of these conclusions for the control and evolution of avian influenza viruses.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""J. A."", ""M. C. M."", ""G."", ""M.""), family = c(""VAN DER GOOT"", ""DE JONG"", ""KOCH"", ""VAN BOVEN""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268803001067"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","NULL","S0950268803001067","2003-10-07","en","NULL","list(date = ""2003-10-07"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 6, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"VAN DER GOOT","2003","VAN DER GOOT et al., 2003"
"Journal of The Royal Society Interface","2012-02-22","2021-02-19","2012-08-07","10.1098/rsif.2012.0022","2024-05-01","1742-5689,1742-5662","73","2012-02-22","175","1836-1845","10.1098","The Royal Society","1","Crossref","35","35","28","Outbreaks of H5N1 in poultry in Thailand: the relative role of poultry production types in sustaining transmission and the impact of active surveillance in control","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0022","9","<jats:p>H5N1, highly pathogenic avian influenza, continues to pose a public health risk in the countries of southeast Asia where it has become endemic. However, in Thailand, which experienced two of the largest recorded epidemics in 2004–2005, the disease has been successfully reduced to very low levels. We fitted a spatio-temporal model of the spread of infection to outbreak data collected during the second wave of outbreaks to assess the extent to which different poultry types were responsible for propagating infection. Our estimates suggest that the wave of outbreaks would not have been possible without the contribution of backyard flocks to the susceptibility of a sub-district. However, we also estimated that outbreaks involving commercial poultry, a much larger sector in Thailand than in neighbouring countries, were disproportionately infectious, a factor which was also crucial in sustaining the wave. As a result, implemented measures that aim to reduce the role of commercial farms in the spread of infection, such as the drive to bring aspects of the supply chain ‘in house’, may help to explain the subsequent success in controlling H5N1 in Thailand. We also found that periods of active surveillance substantially improved the rate of outbreak detection.</jats:p>","J. R. Soc. Interface.","list(given = c(""Patrick"", ""Simon"", ""Nienke"", ""Thanawat"", ""Azra C.""), family = c(""Walker"", ""Cauchemez"", ""Hartemink"", ""Tiensin"", ""Ghani""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK"", ""MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK"", 
""Theoretical Epidemiology Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands"", NA, ""MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK""), affiliation1.name = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Theoretical Epidemiology Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands"", NA), affiliation2.name = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Center for Veterinary Epidemiology Development, Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok, Thailand"", 
NA))","list(URL = c(""https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsif.2012.0022"", ""https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsif.2012.0022"", ""https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsif.2012.0022""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_3_2_2_2"", ""e_1_3_2_3_2"", ""e_1_3_2_4_2"", ""e_1_3_2_5_2"", ""e_1_3_2_6_2"", ""e_1_3_2_7_2"", ""e_1_3_2_8_2"", ""e_1_3_2_9_2"", ""e_1_3_2_10_2"", ""e_1_3_2_11_2"", ""e_1_3_2_12_2"", ""e_1_3_2_13_2"", ""e_1_3_2_14_2"", ""e_1_3_2_15_2"", ""e_1_3_2_16_2"", ""e_1_3_2_17_2"", ""e_1_3_2_18_2"", ""e_1_3_2_19_2"", ""e_1_3_2_20_2"", ""e_1_3_2_21_2"", ""e_1_3_2_22_2"", ""e_1_3_2_23_2"", ""e_1_3_2_24_2"", ""e_1_3_2_25_2"", ""e_1_3_2_26_2"", ""e_1_3_2_27_2"", ""e_1_3_2_28_2"", ""e_1_3_2_29_2"", ""e_1_3_2_30_2"", ""e_1_3_2_31_2"", ""e_1_3_2_32_2"", 
""e_1_3_2_33_2"", ""e_1_3_2_34_2"", ""e_1_3_2_35_2"", ""e_1_3_2_36_2""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.20506/rst.28.1.1864"", 
""10.1637/7637-042806R.1"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.127"", ""10.20506/rst.28.1.1865"", ""10.1637/7635-042806R.1"", ""10.1073/pnas.0710581105"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268808001039"", ""10.1073/pnas.1006419107"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.3201/eid1111.050608"", ""10.1079/WPS200570"", NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0000502"", NA, ""10.1016/S0140-6736(97)11212-0"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2008.09.001"", ""10.1111/1467-985X.00125"", ""10.1111/1467-9868.00353"", ""10.1214/06-BA122"", ""10.1073/pnas.1008895108"", ""10.1038/35104594"", ""10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030071"", 
""10.1098/rspb.2007.0542"", ""10.1371/annotation/bdf0c45a-a656-4980-8bc8-7990255ed1ad"", ""10.1086/599207"", NA, ""10.3201/eid1202.050640"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01227.x"", ""10.1073/pnas.0403212101"", ""10.1073/pnas.0504662102"", ""10.1098/rspb.2004.2715"", ""10.1017/S0950268811000161""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""WHO. 2010 Cumulative number of confirmed human cases of avian influenza A/(H5N1) reported to WHO (updated 2012; cited 9 February 2012). See http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/HSN1_cumulative_table_archives/en/index.html."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Otte J. Pfeiffer D. Tiensin T. Price L. B.& Silbergeld E. K.. 2006 Evidence-based policy for controlling HPAI in poultry: bio-security revisited. Research report John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""198"", ""169"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Avian influenza vaccination in Egypt: limitations of the current strategy"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Highly pathogenic avian influenza risk, biosecurity and smallholder adversity"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""3"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""19"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Peyre M."", 
""Safman R. M."", ""NaRanong V."", NA, NA, ""Otte J."", NA, ""Cressie NAC"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2007"", NA, NA, ""2007"", NA, ""1991"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J. Mol. Genet. Med."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Livestock Res. Rural Dev."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Avian influenza: science, policy and politics"", ""Conference on poultry in the 21st century: avian influenza and beyond—2007"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Statistics for spatial data"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1098/rsif.2012.0022","2012-02-22","en","NULL","list(date = ""2012-02-22"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/crossmark-policy","list(value = c(""2012-01-12"", ""2012-02-02"", ""2012-02-22""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Walker","2012","Walker et al., 2012"
"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","2021-06-24","2024-09-02",NA,"10.3389/fvets.2021.597630","2024-09-02","2297-1769",NA,"2021-06-24","1965",NA,"10.3389","Frontiers Media SA","1","Crossref","61","61","6","Estimation of the Basic Reproduction Numbers of the Subtypes H5N1, H5N8, and H5N6 During the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Epidemic Spread Between Farms","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.597630","8","<jats:p>It is important to understand pathogen transmissibility in a population to establish an effective disease prevention policy. The basic reproduction number (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>) is an epidemiologic parameter for understanding the characterization of disease and its dynamics in a population. We aimed to estimate the<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtypes H5N1, H5N8, and H5N6, which were associated with nine outbreaks in Korea between 2003 and 2018, to understand the epidemic transmission of each subtype. According to HPAI outbreak reports of the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, we estimated the generation time by calculating the time of infection between confirmed HPAI-positive farms. We constructed exponential growth and maximum likelihood (ML) models to estimate the basic reproduction number, which assumes the number of secondary cases infected by the index case. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the epidemic statistics between subtypes. The estimated generation time of H5N1, H5N8, and H5N6 were 4.80 days [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.23–5.38] days, 7.58 (95% CI 6.63–8.46), and 5.09 days (95% CI 4.44–5.74), respectively. A pairwise comparison showed that the generation time of H5N8 was significantly longer than that of the subtype H5N1 (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>= 0.04). Based on the ML model,<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>was estimated as 1.69 (95% CI 1.48–2.39) for subtype H5N1, 1.60 (95%CI 0.97–2.23) for subtype H5N8, and 1.49 (95%CI 0.94–2.04) for subtype H5N6. We concluded that<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>estimates may be associated with the poultry product system, climate, species specificity based on the HPAI virus subtype, and prevention policy. This study provides an insight on the transmission and dynamics patterns of various subtypes of HPAI occurring worldwide. Furthermore, the results are useful as scientific evidence for establishing a disease control policy.</jats:p>","Front. Vet. Sci.","list(given = c(""Woo-Hyun"", ""Seongbeom""), family = c(""Kim"", ""Cho""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.597630/full"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""B1"", ""B2"", ""B3"", ""B4"", ""B5"", ""B6"", ""B7"", ""B8"", ""B9"", ""B10"", ""B11"", ""B12"", ""B13"", ""B14"", ""B15"", ""B16"", ""B17"", ""B18"", ""B19"", ""B20"", ""B21"", ""B22"", ""B23"", ""B24"", ""B25"", ""B26"", ""B27"", ""B28"", ""B29"", ""B30"", ""B31"", ""B32"", ""B33"", ""B34"", ""B35"", ""B36"", ""B37"", ""B38"", ""B39"", ""B40"", ""B41"", ""B42"", ""B43"", ""B44"", ""B45"", ""B46"", ""B47"", ""B48"", ""B49"", ""B50"", ""B51"", ""B52"", ""B53"", ""B54"", ""B55"", ""B56"", ""B57"", ""B58"", ""B59"", ""B60"", ""B61""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
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""e151"", ""e191"", ""20"", ""899"", ""1"", NA, ""182"", ""29""), DOI = c(""10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.10.051"", ""10.1016/j.onehlt.2015.03.001"", ""10.3201/eid1912.130340"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2016.08.036"", ""10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.1.30434"", ""10.1126/science.aaa6724"", NA, ""10.1038/39218"", ""10.1128/JVI.79.6.3692-3702.2005"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.09.011"", ""10.3201/eid1403.070767"", ""10.3201/1803.111490"", ""10.3201/eid2006.140233"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.08.002"", NA, ""10.3201/eid2203.151006"", ""10.1016/j.meegid.2017.03.005"", 
""10.1016/j.meegid.2017.05.001"", ""10.1038/s41426-018-0104-3"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2008.01.005"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(95)00538-2"", ""10.1093/oso/9780195121124.001.0001"", ""10.1177/096228029300200103"", ""10.1098/rspb.2006.3754"", ""10.1002/sim.3136"", ""10.1093/aje/kwh255"", ""10.1186/1472-6947-12-147"", ""10.1093/aje/kwt133"", ""10.1111/tbed.12003"", ""10.1017/S0950268808000885"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021"", ""10.1111/tbed.12692"", ""10.1038/srep02175"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0000349"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0218202"", 
NA, ""10.12688/f1000research.18002.1"", NA, ""10.4142/jvs.2009.10.1.53"", ""10.3382/ps/pew028"", ""10.1080/03079457.2016.1142502"", ""10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e27"", NA, ""10.1016/j.mbs.2006.08.001"", ""10.2105/AJPH.2013.301704r"", ""10.1093/biomet/57.3.579"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.09.014"", NA, NA, ""10.1111/tbed.12882"", NA, ""10.20506/rst.27.2.1821"", ""10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.08.005"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.0030151"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0000191"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.10.027"", ""10.1111/tbed.12790"", ""10.3201/eid2501.171901"", 
NA, ""10.13041/jpvm.2019.43.4.182"", NA), article.title = c(""An overview of the epidemiology of avian influenza"", ""One health, multiple challenges: the inter-species transmission of influenza A virus"", ""Novel variants of clade 2.3. 4 highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses, China"", ""Changes in adaptation of H5N2 highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 clade 2.3. 4.4 viruses in chickens and mallards"", ""Genetic characterisation of novel, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N6 viruses isolated in birds, South Korea, November 2016"", 
""How a virus travels the world"", NA, ""A pandemic warning?"", ""Characterization of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza A viruses isolated from South Korea"", ""An outbreak of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in Korea, 2008"", ""Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) in domestic poultry and relationship with migratory birds, South Korea"", ""Highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) outbreaks in wild birds and poultry, South Korea"", ""Novel Reassortant Influenza A (H5N8) Viruses, South Korea, 2014"", 
""Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N8) in domestic poultry and its relationship with migratory birds in South Korea during 2014"", NA, ""Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N8) viruses reintroduced into South Korea by migratory waterfowl, 2014–2015"", ""Multiple novel H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, South Korea, 2016"", ""Genetic and phylogenetic characterizations of a novel genotype of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 viruses in 2016/2017 in South Korea"", ""Characterization of a novel reassortant H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus clade 2.3. 4.4 in Korea, 2017"", 
""Epidemiology of H5N1 avian influenza"", ""Mathematical modelling in veterinary epidemiology: why model building is important"", NA, ""The estimation of the basic reproduction number for infectious diseases"", ""How generation intervals shape the relationship between growth rates and reproductive numbers"", ""A likelihood-based method for real-time estimation of the serial interval and reproductive number of an epidemic"", ""Different epidemic curves for severe acute respiratory syndrome reveal similar impacts of control measures"", 
""The R0 package: a toolbox to estimate reproduction numbers for epidemic outbreaks"", ""A new framework and software to estimate time-varying reproduction numbers during epidemics"", ""Transmission rate and reproductive number of the H 5 N 1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus during the December 2005–July 2008 Epidemic in Nigeria"", ""Estimation of the basic reproductive number (R 0) for epidemic, highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 spread"", ""Estimating spatial and temporal variations of the reproduction number for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 epidemic in Thailand"", 
""Estimating the between-farm transmission rates for highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 epidemics in Bangladesh between 2007 and 2013"", ""Modeling highly pathogenic avian influenza transmission in wild birds and poultry in West Bengal, India"", ""The transmissibility of highly pathogenic avian influenza in commercial poultry in industrialised countries"", ""Effective control measures considering spatial heterogeneity to mitigate the 2016–2017 avian influenza epidemic in the Republic of Korea"", 
NA, ""Epidemic curves made easy using the R package incidence"", NA, ""Experimental infection of chickens, ducks and quails with the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus"", ""Experimental infection of SPF and Korean native chickens with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N8)"", ""Pathogenicity of the Korean H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in commercial domestic poultry species"", ""Pathogenicity of clade 2.3. 4.4 H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in three chicken breeds from South Korea in 2016/2017"", 
NA, ""Avian–human influenza epidemic model"", ""Unraveling r 0: Considerations for public health applications"", ""A generalized Kruskal-Wallis test for comparing K samples subject to unequal patterns of censorship"", ""Dynamics of the 2004 avian influenza H5N1 outbreak in Thailand: the role of duck farming, sequential model fitting and control"", NA, NA, ""Risk factors associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N8 outbreaks on broiler duck farms in South Korea"", NA, ""Climate change and avian influenza"", 
""Climate change suggests a shift of H5N1 risk in migratory birds"", ""Influenza virus transmission is dependent on relative humidity and temperature"", ""Temperature drops and the onset of severe avian influenza A H5N1 virus outbreaks"", ""Avian influenza virus in water: infectivity is dependent on pH, salinity and temperature"", ""Experimental infection of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, clade 2.3. 4.4 H5N6 and H5N8, in mandarin ducks from South Korea"", ""Complexity of the basic reproduction number (R0)"", 
NA, ""The contribution of farm vehicle movements for a highly pathogenic avian influenza epidemic in 2014 in the Republic of Korea"", ""Comparison of the pathogenic potential of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N6, and H5N8 viruses isolated in South Korea during the 2016–2017 winter season""), volume = c(""25"", ""1"", ""19"", ""499"", ""22"", ""347"", NA, ""389"", ""79"", ""141"", ""14"", ""18"", ""20"", ""173"", NA, ""22"", ""51"", ""53"", ""7"", ""32"", ""25"", NA, ""2"", ""274"", ""27"", ""160"", ""12"", ""178"", ""61"", ""137"", ""106"", 
""65"", ""3"", ""2"", ""14"", NA, ""8"", NA, ""10"", ""95"", ""45"", ""20"", NA, ""207"", ""108"", ""57"", ""159"", NA, NA, ""65"", NA, ""27"", ""306"", ""3"", ""2"", ""136"", ""65"", ""25"", NA, ""43"", NA), author = c(""Alexander"", ""Short"", ""Gu"", ""DeJesus"", ""Si"", ""Verhagen"", NA, ""De Jong"", ""Lee"", ""Kim"", ""Lee"", ""Kim"", ""Lee"", ""Jeong"", NA, ""Kwon"", ""Lee"", ""Kim"", ""Lee"", ""Yee"", ""de Jong"", ""Thomas"", ""Dietz"", ""Wallinga"", ""Forsberg White"", ""Wallinga"", ""Obadia"", ""Cori"", ""Bett"", ""Ward"", ""Marquetoux"", ""Ssematimba"", ""Pandit"", ""Garske"", ""Lee"", NA, ""Kamvar"", 
NA, ""Jeong"", ""Lee"", ""Lee"", ""Park"", NA, ""Iwami"", ""Ridenhour"", ""Breslow"", ""Retkute"", NA, NA, ""Kim"", NA, ""Gilbert"", ""Tian"", ""Lowen"", ""Liu"", ""Brown"", ""Son"", ""Delamater"", NA, ""Kim"", ""Kwon""), year = c(""2007"", ""2015"", ""2013"", ""2016"", ""2017"", ""2015"", NA, ""1997"", ""2005"", ""2010"", ""2008"", ""2012"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2016"", ""2016"", ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2009"", ""1995"", ""2001"", ""1993"", ""2006"", ""2008"", ""2004"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2018"", ""2013"", ""2007"", ""2019"", NA, ""2019"", ""2015"", ""2009"", ""2016"", 
""2016"", ""2019"", ""2017"", ""2007"", ""2018"", ""1970"", ""2018"", NA, NA, ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2008"", ""2015"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2009"", ""2018"", ""2019"", NA, ""2019"", ""2018""), journal.title = c(""Vaccine."", ""One Health."", ""Emerg Infect Dis."", ""Virology."", ""Euro Surveill."", ""Science."", NA, ""Nature."", ""J Virol."", ""Vet Microbiol."", ""Emerg Infect Dis."", ""Emerg Infect Dis."", ""Emerg Infect Dis. J"", ""Vet Microbiol."", NA, ""Emerg Infect Dis."", ""Infect Genet Evol."", ""Infect Genet Evol."", ""Emerg Microbes Infect."", ""Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis."", 
""Prev Vet Med."", NA, ""Stat Methods Med Res."", ""Proc R Soc B."", ""Stat Med."", ""Am J Epidemiol."", ""BMC Med Inform Decis Mak."", ""Am J Epidemiol."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Epidemiol Infect."", ""Prev Vet Med."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Sci Rep."", ""PLoS ONE."", ""PLoS ONE."", NA, ""F1000Res."", NA, ""J Vet Sci."", ""Poult Sci."", ""Avian Pathol."", ""J Vet Sci."", NA, ""Math Biosci."", ""Am J Public Health."", ""Biometrika."", ""Prev Vet Med."", NA, NA, ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", NA, ""Rev Sci Tech"", ""Ecol Model."", ""PLoS Pathog."", 
""PLoS ONE."", ""Vet Microbiol."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Emerg Infect Dis."", NA, ""J Prev Vet Med."", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Cumulative Number of Confirmed Human Cases for Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Reported to WHO, 2003-20192019"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""OhS-m Self-Declaration of the Recovery of Freedom From Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Poultry by Republic of Korea: OIE Delegate for Republic of Korea, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs2018"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""BankW World Bank Open Data Online2020"", ""StatisticsKorea Livestock Statistics Survey Korea2015"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Status of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in South Korea Seoul2016"", NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2014-2016 Epidemiologic Reports of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Epidemiologic Methods for the Study of Infectious Diseases"", NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""High Pathogenic Avian Influenza; The Blue Book"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2016-2017 Epidemiologic Reports of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Producer Incentives in Livestock Disease Management"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Emerg Microbes Infect.""))","10.3389/fvets.2021.597630","2021-06-24",NA,"NULL","list(date = ""2021-06-24"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/crossmark-policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Kim","2021","Kim et al., 2021"
"Journal of Biological Systems","2015-01-22","2019-08-06","2013-12","10.1142/s0218339013400044","2025-05-28","0218-3390,1793-6470","04","2013-12","219","1340004","10.1142","World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","1","Crossref","40","40","44","MODELING SEASONALITY IN AVIAN INFLUENZA H5N1","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218339013400044","21","<jats:p> The number of cases of H5N1 avian influenza in birds and humans exhibit seasonality which peaks during the winter months. What causes the seasonality in H5N1 cases is still being investigated. This article addresses the question of modeling the periodicity in cumulative number of human cases of H5N1. Three potential drivers of influenza seasonality are investigated: (1) seasonality in bird-to-bird transmission; (2) seasonality caused by wild bird migration or seasonal fluctuation of avian influenza in wild birds; (3) seasonality caused by environmental transmission. A framework of seven models is composed. The seven models involve these three mechanisms and combinations of the mechanisms. Each of the models in the framework is fitted to the cumulative number of humans cases of H5N1. The corrected akaike information criterion (AICc) is used to compare the models and it is found that the model with periodic bird-to-bird transmission rate best explains the data. The best fitted model with the best fitted parameters gives a reproduction number of highly pathogenic avian influenza [Formula: see text]. The best fitted model is a simple SI epidemic model with periodic transmission rate and disease-induced mortality, however, this model is capable of very complex dynamical behavior such as period doubling and chaos. </jats:p>","J. Biol. Syst.","list(given = c(""NECIBE"", ""MAIA""), family = c(""TUNCER"", ""MARTCHEVA""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Mathematics, University of Tulsa, Keplinger Hall U337, 800 S. Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104-3189, USA"", ""Department of Mathematics, University of Florida, 358 Little Hall, P.O. Box 118105, Gainesville, FL 32611-8105, USA""))","list(URL = ""https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/pdf/10.1142/S0218339013400044"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""rf1"", ""rf3"", ""rf4"", ""rf6"", ""rf7"", ""rf8"", ""rf9"", ""rf10"", ""rf11"", ""rf13"", ""rf14"", ""rf15"", ""rf16"", ""rf17"", ""rf19"", ""rf20"", ""rf21"", ""rf22"", ""rf23"", ""rf24"", ""rf25"", ""rf26"", ""rf28"", ""rf29"", ""rf30"", ""rf31"", ""rf32"", ""rf34"", ""rf36"", ""rf37"", ""rf38"", ""rf39"", ""rf40"", ""rf41"", ""rf42"", ""rf43"", ""rf44"", ""rf45"", ""rf46"", ""rf47""), unstructured = c(""J. Lucchetti, M. Roy and M. Martcheva, Advances in Disease Epidemiology, eds. J. M. Tchuenche and Z. Mukandavire (Nova Science Publishers, New York, 2009) pp. 1–30."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(NA, ""10.1126/science.1213362"", ""10.1128/CMR.00037-06"", ""10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70186-X"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0024042"", ""10.1128/JVI.01680-06"", ""10.1086/605435"", ""10.1021/es1016153"", ""10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00100-0"", ""10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000346"", ""10.1038/nature02746"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0002268"", NA, NA, ""10.1371/journal.pcbi.1001079"", NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0017622"", 
""10.3201/eid/1706.100880"", ""10.1126/science.1122438"", ""10.2307/1591428"", ""10.2307/1591429"", ""10.1016/0042-6822(78)90247-7"", ""10.1637/8786-040109-ResNote.1"", ""10.1637/8754-033109-ResNote.1"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.03.005"", NA, ""10.1016/j.meegid.2009.04.009"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.11.011"", ""10.1056/NEJMra052211"", NA, ""10.1016/S0022-5193(84)80150-2"", NA, ""10.1007/s00285-007-0140-4"", ""10.1088/1742-6596/138/1/012017"", ""10.3934/mbe.2006.3.161"", ""10.1007/s10884-008-9111-8"", NA, ""10.1515/9780691187655"", ""10.1017/S0950268808000885"", 
""10.1371/journal.ppat.1000281""), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""718"", ""e6705"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10365"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""235"", NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""7"", ""4"", NA, ""5"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""106"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""27"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""3"", NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Fuhrmann C."", ""Fereidouni S. R."", 
NA, ""Weber T. P."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Breban R."", NA, NA, NA, ""Burnham K. P."", NA, ""Moheim I. A."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Marthceva M."", ""Thieme H. R."", NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Geography Compass"", ""PLoS One"", NA, ""Virology J."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Math. Med. Biol."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J. Biol. Dyn."", NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Model selection and multimodel inference: A practical information-theoretic approach"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mathematics in Population Biology"", NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2002"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2003"", NA, NA))","10.1142/S0218339013400044","2014-01-28","en","NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"TUNCER","2013","TUNCER et al., 2013"
"mBio","2023-09-28","2024-08-11","2023-10-31","10.1128/mbio.00862-23","2025-03-22","2150-7511","5","2023-10-31","235",NA,"10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","47","47","5","Environmental transmission of influenza A virus in mallards","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00862-23","14","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
          <jats:p>
            Influenza A viruses present a major challenge for animal and human health. They circulate widely in wild waterfowl and frequently spillover into poultry, emphasizing the need for risk-based surveillance in wild birds and an understanding of the relative importance of different transmission mechanisms. We addressed this objective with a replicated (
            <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>
            = 6) experimental infection study in which we serially exposed eight cohorts of four naïve contact mallards to an experimentally infected mallard and a shared water pool. Viral concentration in the water was a better predictor of transmission than several direct measures of viral shedding in the focal duck. Our data provide quantification of transmission probability and its variation throughout the infectious period of an infected duck. Our findings highlight the need to consider environmental surveillance in risk-based surveillance planning and provide realistic parameters for identifying optimal control strategies using epidemiological inference.
          </jats:p>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>IMPORTANCE</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Wild birds are the natural reservoir hosts of influenza A viruses. Highly pathogenic strains of influenza A viruses pose risks to wild birds, poultry, and human health. Thus, understanding how these viruses are transmitted between birds is critical. We conducted an experiment where we experimentally infected mallards which are ducks that are commonly exposed to influenza viruses. We exposed several contact ducks to the experimentally infected duck to estimate the probability that a contact duck would become infected from either exposure to the virus shed directly from the infected duck or shared water contaminated with the virus from the infected duck. We found that environmental transmission from contaminated water best predicted the probability of transmission to naïve contact ducks, relatively low levels of virus in the water were sufficient to cause infection, and the probability of a naïve duck becoming infected varied over time.</jats:p>
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""10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.817"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.08.015"", ""10.1016/j.tim.2014.02.011"", ""10.1073/pnas.0609227103"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.09.016"", ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.2005.00891.x"", ""10.1051/vetres:2007008"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.1002094"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0072279"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.001"", ""10.1292/jvms.71.979"", ""10.4314/sokjvs.v10i2.8""), article.title = c(""Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses"", ""A review of avian influenza in different bird species"", ""Intra- and interspecies transmission of H7N7 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus during the avian influenza epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003"", 
""An overview of the epidemiology of avian influenza"", ""Unexpected Inter-farm Transmission Dynamics During a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Epidemic"", ""Evaluating the risk of avian influenza introduction and spread among poultry exhibition flocks in Australia"", ""Avian influenza transmission risks: analysis of biosecurity measures and contact structure in Dutch poultry farming"", ""Social network analysis used to assess the relationship between the spread of avian influenza and movement patterns of backyard chickens in Ratchaburi, Thailand"", 
""Possible sources and spreading routes of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 infections in poultry and wild birds in Central Europe in 2007 inferred through likelihood analyses"", ""Human contacts and potential pathways of disease introduction on Georgia poultry farms"", ""Australian surveillance for avian influenza viruses in wild birds between July 2005 and June 2007"", ""Epidemiological analysis of spatially misaligned data: a case of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus outbreak in Nigeria"", 
""Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N8) in domestic poultry and its relationship with migratory birds in South Korea during 2014"", ""Intracontinental and intercontinental dissemination of Asian H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (clade 2.3.4.4) in the winter of 2014–2015"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Avian influenza in Australia: a summary of 5 years of wild bird surveillance"", ""The role of wild waterfowl in the epidemiology of AI in Australia"", ""Epidemiology of avian influenza in agricultural and other man-made systems"", 
""Identification and characterisation of an H7N3 influenza A virus from an outbreak of virulent avian influenza in Victoria"", ""An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Australia in 1997 caused by an H7N4 virus"", ""Surveillance and analysis of avian influenza viruses, Australia"", ""Influenza A virus"", ""Are the Australian poultry industries vulnerable to large outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza?"", ""Use of a modified Delphi panel to identify and weight criteria for prioritization of zoonotic diseases in Switzerland"", 
""Expert Opinion on the Perceived Effectiveness and Importance of On-Farm Biosecurity Measures for Cattle and Swine Farms in Switzerland"", ""Reducing overconfidence in the interval judgments of experts"", NA, NA, NA, ""An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Australia in 1997 caused by an H7N4 virus"", ""in domestic poultry, Saskatchewan, Canada, 2007"", ""Isolation of H13N2 influenza A virus from turkeys and surface water"", ""Control of avian influenza in Italy: from stamping out to emergency and prophylactic vaccination"", 
""Control of an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza, caused by the virus sub-type H5N1, in Japan in 2004"", ""Surveillance and analysis of avian influenza viruses, Australia"", ""Are the Australian poultry industries vulnerable to large outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza?"", ""Possible waterborne transmission and maintenance of influenza viruses in domestic ducks"", ""Influenza A virus survival in water is influenced by the origin species of the host cell"", ""Perpetuation of H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses in natural water bodies"", 
""Avian influenza shedding patterns in waterfowl: implications for surveillance, environmental transmission, and disease spread"", ""Characterization of an H10N8 influenza virus isolated from Dongting lake wetland"", ""Persistence of avian influenza viruses in various artificially frozen environmental water types"", ""Landscape attributes driving avian influenza virus circulation in the Lake Alaotra region of Madagascar"", ""Perpetuation of H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses in natural water bodies"", ""Molecular characterization of pandemic H1N1 influenza viruses isolated from turkeys and pathogenicity of a human pH1N1 isolate in turkeys"", 
""Summary of the 2001–02 Pennsylvania H7N2 low pathogenicity avian influenza outbreak in meat type chickens"", ""Virus characterization, clinical presentation, and pathology associated with H7N3 avian influenza in British Columbia broiler breeder chickens in 2004"", ""The onset of virus shedding and clinical signs in chickens infected with high-pathogenicity and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses"", ""The pathogenesis of low pathogenicity H7 avian influenza viruses in chickens, ducks and turkeys"", 
""Highly pathogenic or low pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H7N1 infection in chicken lungs: small differences in general acute responses"", ""Evaluating surveillance strategies for the early detection of low pathogenicity avian influenza infections"", ""Characterization of the 2012 highly pathogenic avian influenza H7N3 virus isolated from poultry in an outbreak in Mexico: pathobiology and vaccine protection"", ""Chasing notifiable avian influenza in domestic poultry: a case report of low-pathogenic avian influenza h5 viruses in two Belgian holdings"", 
""Evaluation of pathogenic potential of avian influenza virus serotype H9N2 in chickens"", ""Risk based surveillance for early detection of low pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in layer chickens"", ""Supersize me: how whole-genome sequencing and big data are transforming epidemiology"", ""Predicting the global spread of H5N1 avian influenza"", ""A PathWayDiagram for introduction and prevention of Avian Influenza: Application to the Dutch poultry sector"", ""Virus spread pattern within infected chicken farms using regression model: the 2003–2004 HPAI epidemic in the Republic of Korea"", 
""Estimating the day of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7N7) virus introduction into a poultry flock based on mortality data"", ""Evolutionary analysis of inter-farm transmission dynamics in a highly pathogenic avian influenza epidemic"", ""Hazard analysis of critical control points assessment as a tool to respond to emerging infectious disease outbreaks"", ""Risk factors for the introduction of high pathogenicity Avian Influenza virus into poultry farms during the epidemic in the Netherlands in 2003"", 
""Spatial Analysis of Low Pathogenic H5N2 Avian Influenza Outbreaks in Japan in 2005"", ""Risk factors for the occurrence and spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in commercial poultry farms in Kano, Nigeria""), volume = c(""56"", ""74"", ""28"", ""25"", NA, ""118"", ""109"", ""95"", ""10"", ""53"", ""87"", ""142"", ""173"", ""25"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""93"", ""83"", NA, ""75"", ""47"", ""16"", ""1"", ""87"", ""121"", ""10"", ""30"", NA, NA, NA, ""47"", ""15"", ""35"", ""124"", ""24"", ""16"", ""87"", ""43"", ""8"", ""95"", ""47"", ""8"", ""2012"", ""8"", ""95"", ""54"", 
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""Applied and environmental microbiology"", ""Influenza and other respiratory viruses"", ""Journal of General Virology"", ""Journal of wildlife diseases"", ""Virology journal"", ""Influenza Res Treat"", ""Geospatial health"", ""The Journal of general virology"", ""Avian diseases"", ""Avian diseases"", ""Avian diseases"", ""Avian pathology: journal of the WVPA"", ""Virology journal"", ""Veterinary research"", ""PloS one"", ""Journal of virology"", ""Transboundary and emerging diseases"", ""Avian diseases"", ""Preventive veterinary medicine"", 
""Trends in microbiology"", ""Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"", ""Preventive veterinary medicine"", ""Journal of veterinary medicine B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health"", ""Veterinary research"", ""PLoS pathogens"", ""PloS one"", ""Preventive veterinary medicine"", ""Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"", ""Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Health OWOfA. OIE Situation Report for Avian Influenza. 2017 10/07/2017. Report No."", 
""Hamilton S. Simulating the transmission and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza in the Australian commercial poultry industries [PhD]: University of Sydney; 2011."", ""AECL. Australian Egg Corporation Limited Annual Report 2016. 2016."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2018-03-01","en","list(name = c(""Australian Poultry Cooperative Research Centre"", ""Woolworths Limited""), award = c(""1.5.7"", NA))","list(date = ""2018-03-01"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Singh","2018","Singh et al., 2018"
"Journal of The Royal Society Interface","2007-07-25","2024-02-17","2008-03-06","10.1098/rsif.2007.1110","2025-06-13","1742-5689,1742-5662","20","2007-07-17","175","363-371","10.1098","The Royal Society","1","Crossref","48","48","165","Assessing the risk of bluetongue to UK livestock: uncertainty and sensitivity analyses of a temperature-dependent model for the basic reproduction number","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2007.1110","5","<jats:p>Since 1998 bluetongue virus (BTV), which causes bluetongue, a non-contagious, insect-borne infectious disease of ruminants, has expanded northwards in Europe in an unprecedented series of incursions, suggesting that there is a risk to the large and valuable British livestock industry. The basic reproduction number,<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>, provides a powerful tool with which to assess the level of risk posed by a disease. In this paper, we compute<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>for BTV in a population comprising two host species, cattle and sheep. Estimates for each parameter which influences<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>were obtained from the published literature, using those applicable to the UK situation wherever possible. Moreover, explicit temperature dependence was included for those parameters for which it had been quantified. Uncertainty and sensitivity analyses based on Latin hypercube sampling and partial rank correlation coefficients identified temperature, the probability of transmission from host to vector and the vector to host ratio as being most important in determining the magnitude of<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>. The importance of temperature reflects the fact that it influences many processes involved in the transmission of BTV and, in particular, the biting rate, the extrinsic incubation period and the vector mortality rate.</jats:p>","J. R. Soc. Interface.","list(given = c(""Simon"", ""Simon"", ""Matthew"", ""James L.N"", ""Philip S""), family = c(""Gubbins"", ""Carpenter"", ""Baylis"", ""Wood"", ""Mellor""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright LaboratoryAsh Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK"", ""Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright LaboratoryAsh Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK"", ""Faculty of Veterinary Clinical Science, University of LiverpoolLeahurst, Neston, Wirral, Cheshire CH64 7TE, UK"", 
""Cambridge Infectious Diseases Consortium, Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK"", ""Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright LaboratoryAsh Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK""))","list(URL = c(""https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsif.2007.1110"", ""https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsif.2007.1110"", ""https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsif.2007.1110""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_3_2_2_1"", ""e_1_3_2_3_1"", ""e_1_3_2_4_1"", ""e_1_3_2_5_1"", ""e_1_3_2_6_1"", ""e_1_3_2_7_1"", ""e_1_3_2_8_1"", ""e_1_3_2_9_1"", ""e_1_3_2_10_1"", ""e_1_3_2_11_1"", ""e_1_3_2_12_1"", ""e_1_3_2_13_1"", ""e_1_3_2_14_1"", ""e_1_3_2_15_1"", ""e_1_3_2_16_1"", ""e_1_3_2_17_1"", ""e_1_3_2_18_1"", ""e_1_3_2_19_1"", ""e_1_3_2_20_1"", ""e_1_3_2_21_1"", ""e_1_3_2_22_1"", ""e_1_3_2_23_1"", ""e_1_3_2_24_1"", ""e_1_3_2_25_1"", ""e_1_3_2_26_1"", ""e_1_3_2_27_1"", ""e_1_3_2_28_1"", ""e_1_3_2_29_1"", ""e_1_3_2_30_1"", ""e_1_3_2_31_1"", ""e_1_3_2_32_1"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA), edition = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1098/rsif.2007.1110","2007-07-17","en","NULL","list(date = ""2007-07-17"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/crossmarkpolicy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Gubbins","2007","Gubbins et al., 2007"
"PLOS ONE","2021-02-09","2021-02-09",NA,"10.1371/journal.pone.0246565","2025-05-14","1932-6203","2","2021-02-08","340","e0246565","10.1371","Public Library of Science (PLoS)","1","Crossref","33","33","5","Within-farm transmission characteristics of bluetongue virus serotype 8 in cattle and sheep in the Netherlands, 2007-2008","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246565","16","<jats:p>In 2006 and 2007, sheep and cattle farms in the Netherlands were affected by an epidemic of bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8). In order to obtain insight into the within-farm spread of the virus, five affected cattle and five affected sheep farms were longitudinally monitored between early 2007 and mid or late 2008. The farms were visited between four and seven times to collect blood samples. During each visit, all animals present in the flock or herd were sampled. The samples were analysed for the presence of BTV-8 antibodies (ELISA) and BTV-8 antigen (rRT-PCR). The observed patterns of RT-PCR positives indicate a rapid within-farm virus spread during the vector season. During vector-free periods we observed a complete rRT-PCR positivity decline within a few months. During the vector season a lower bound estimate of the basic reproduction number (R<jats:sub>0</jats:sub>) ranges from 2.9–6.9 in the cattle herds (one herd not analysed), and from 1.3–3.2 in the sheep flocks in this study.</jats:p>","PLoS ONE","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2209-125X"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(TRUE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""Thomas J."", ""Anoek"", ""Eugene M. A."", ""Roger M. M. I."", ""Daniel M."", ""Annemarie"", ""Armin R. W.""), family = c(""Hagenaars"", ""Backx"", ""van Rooij"", ""Vrouenraets"", ""Bontje"", ""Bouma"", ""Elbers""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246565"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""pone.0246565.ref001"", ""pone.0246565.ref002"", ""pone.0246565.ref003"", ""pone.0246565.ref004"", ""pone.0246565.ref005"", ""pone.0246565.ref006"", ""pone.0246565.ref007"", ""pone.0246565.ref008"", ""pone.0246565.ref009"", ""pone.0246565.ref010"", ""pone.0246565.ref011"", ""pone.0246565.ref012"", ""pone.0246565.ref013"", ""pone.0246565.ref014"", ""pone.0246565.ref015"", ""pone.0246565.ref016"", ""pone.0246565.ref017"", ""pone.0246565.ref018"", ""pone.0246565.ref019"", ""pone.0246565.ref020"", ""pone.0246565.ref021"", ""pone.0246565.ref022"", 
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""Epidemiologic characteristics of bluetongue virus serotype 8 laboratory-confirmed outbreaks in The Netherlands in 2007 and a comparison with the situation in 2006"", ""Control of bluetongue in Europe"", ""Circulation of bluetongue virus 8 in French cattle, before and after the re-emergence in 2015"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW); Scientific Opinion on bluetongue serotype 8. European Food Safety Authority, Parma, Italy"", ""Scaling from challenge experiments to the field: quantifying the impact of vaccination on the transmission of bluetongue virus serotype 8"", 
""Mapping the basic reproduction number (R0) for vector-borne diseases: a case study on bluetongue virus"", ""A modeling framework to describe the transmission of bluetongue virus within and between holdings in Great Britain"", ""The spread of bluetongue virus serotype 8 in Great Britain and its control by vaccination"", ""Estimation of the reproduction ratio (R0) of bluetongue based on serological field data and comparison with other BTV transmission models"", ""Seroprevalence of Bluetongue serotype 8 in cattle in the Netherlands in Spring 2007, and its consequences"", 
NA, ""Sustained high-throughput polymerase chain reaction diagnostics during the European epidemic of Bluetongue virus serotype 8"", ""Experimental quantification of vaccine-induced reduction in virus transmission"", ""Quantification of the effect of vaccination on transmission of avian influenza (H7N7) in chickens"", NA, ""Assessing the risk of bluetongue to UK livestock: uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of a temperature-dependent model for the basic reproduction number"", ""Detection of Schmallenberg virus in different Culicoides spp. by real-time RT-PCR"", 
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""Feeding behaviour of Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) on cattle and sheep in northeast Germany"", ""Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) host preferences and biting rates in the Netherlands: comparing cattle, sheep and the black-light trap""), volume = c(""5"", ""17"", ""164"", ""87"", ""87"", ""92"", ""165"", ""65"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""9"", ""10"", ""1"", ""4"", ""5"", ""108"", ""163"", NA, ""24"", ""12"", ""102"", NA, ""5"", ""59"", ""162"", ""62"", ""111"", ""157"", ""65"", ""7"", ""205""), author = c(""WP Taylor"", ""EJP Gibbs"", ""PS Mellor"", 
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""ProMED-mail (2019). Bluetongue—Europe: Germany (RP) bovine, st 8, spread. ProMED-mail 2019; 11 Jan: 20190111.6254410. <http://www.promedmail.org>. Accessed 13 June 2019."", ""ProMED-mail (2019). Bluetongue–Europe (06): Belgium (LX) cattle, BTV-8. OIE. ProMED-mail 2019; 28 Mar: 20190328.6390822. <http://www.promedmail.org>. Accessed 13 June 2019."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Anonymous. Land- en tuinbouwcijfers 2007.’s-Gravenhage: LEI/ Centraal bureau voor de statistiek; 2007."", NA, NA, NA, 
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""A novel approach to assess the probability of disease eradication from a wild-animal reservoir host"", ""Population biology of infectious diseases: Part I"", NA, ""Analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of the gamma interferon assay for detection of bovine tuberculosis in U.S. herds"", ""Non-linear transmission and simple models for bovine tuberculosis"", ""A simulation model for the spread of bovine tuberculosis within New Zealand cattle herds"", ""A clarification of transmission terms in host-microparasite models: numbers, densities and areas"", 
""Costs to farmers of a tuberculosis breakdown"", ""Exploring the use of molecular epidemiology to track bovine tuberculosis in Nigeria: An overview from 2002 to 2004"", ""The consequences of risk-based surveillance: Developing output-based standards for surveillance to demonstrate freedom from disease"", ""Fasciola hepatica is associated with the failure to detect bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle"", ""Using latent class analysis to estimate the test characteristics of the gamma-interferon test, the single intradermal comparative tuberculin test and a multiplex immunoassay under Irish conditions"", 
""Estimating the hidden burden of bovine tuberculosis in Great Britain"", ""A study of cattle-to-cattle transmission of Mycobacterium bovis infection"", ""Australia's campaign to eradicate bovine tuberculosis: The battle for freedom and beyond"", ""Simple model for tuberculosis in cattle and badgers"", ""Mathematical modelling in veterinary epidemiology: Why model building is important"", NA, ""An update on bovine tuberculosis programmes in Latin American and Caribbean countries"", ""Ante mortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle: A review of the tuberculin tests, gamma-interferon assay and other ancillary diagnostic techniques"", 
""Minimum infective dose of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle"", ""Long-term temporal trends and estimated transmission rates for Mycobacterium bovis infection in an undisturbed high-density badger (Meles meles) population"", ""Network of contacts between cattle herds in a French area affected by bovine tuberculosis in 2010"", ""A preliminary study of genetic factors that influence susceptibility to bovine tuberculosis in the British cattle herd"", ""The influence of empirical contact networks on modelling diseases in cattle"", 
""Scientific opinion on the use of a gamma interferon test for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis"", ""A genome wide association scan of bovine tuberculosis susceptibility in Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle"", ""Evaluation of surveillance strategies for bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) using an individual based epidemiological model"", ""Principles of epidemiological modelling"", ""Cattle-to-cattle transmission of Mycobacterium bovis"", ""Association between molecular type and the epidemiological features of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle"", 
""Diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle by use of the gamma-interferon (Bovigam) assay"", ""Multi-state modelling reveals sex-dependent transmission, progression and severity of tuberculosis in wild badgers"", ""A compartmental model for the within-herd spread of M. bovis in Irish cattle herds"", ""Modelling the impact of vaccination on tuberculosis in badgers"", ""Low-dose Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle results in pathology indistinguishable from that of high-dose infection"", ""A comparison of wildlife control and cattle vaccination as methods for the control of bovine tuberculosis"", 
""A model of bovine tuberculosis control in domesticated cattle herds"", ""Evaluating potential sources of bovine tuberculosis infection in a New Zealand cattle herd"", NA, ""A natural-transmission model of bovine tuberculosis provides novel disease insights"", ""Within-group contact of cattle in dairy barns and the implications for disease transmission"", ""A marked difference in pathogenesis and immune response induced by different Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes"", ""The use of a gamma-interferon assay to confirm a diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in Brazil"", 
""Within-herd contact structure and transmission of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in a persistently infected dairy cattle herd"", ""How should pathogen transmission be modelled?"", ""The tuberculin test"", ""LP-TB and BVD in a group of housed calves"", ""Defining output-based standards to achieve and maintain tuberculosis freedom in farmed deer, with reference to member states of the European Union"", ""Bayesian receiver operating characteristic estimation of multiple tests for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in Chadian cattle"", 
""Transmission of tuberculosis from experimentally infected cattle to in-contact calves"", ""A mathematical model for Mycobacterium bovis excretion from tuberculous cattle"", ""An impossible undertaking: The eradication of bovine tuberculosis in the United States"", ""Clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis display a wide range of virulence in guinea pigs"", ""Simulation model of within-herd transmission of bovine tuberculosis in Argentine dairy herds"", ""Simulation-model evaluation of bovine tuberculosis-eradication strategies in Argentine dairy herds"", 
""Modelling the feasibility of bovine tuberculosis eradication in Argentina"", ""Surveillance and risk management during the latter stages of eradication: Experiences from Australia"", ""Towards eradication of bovine tuberculosis in the European Union"", ""Models to capture the potential for disease transmission in domestic sheep flocks"", ""Development of a model to simulate infection dynamics of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle herds in the United States"", ""Minimization of bovine tuberculosis control costs in US dairy herds"", 
""Polymorphisms in toll-like receptor 1 and 9 genes and their association with tuberculosis susceptibility in Chinese Holstein cattle"", ""Impact of imperfect test sensitivity on determining risk factors: The case of bovine tuberculosis"", ""A network model of E. coli O157 transmission within a typical UK dairy herd: The effect of heterogeneity and clustering on the prevalence of infection"", NA, NA, ""The influence of cattle breed on susceptibility to bovine tuberculosis in Ethiopia"", ""Epidemiological models to support animal disease surveillance activities"", 
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"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","2014-04-09","2021-02-17","2014-05-22","10.1098/rspb.2014.0248","2024-08-06","0962-8452,1471-2954","1783","2014-05-22","175","20140248","10.1098","The Royal Society","1","Crossref","34","34","29","Estimating epidemiological parameters for bovine tuberculosis in British cattle using a Bayesian partial-likelihood approach","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0248","281","<jats:p>
            Fitting models with Bayesian likelihood-based parameter inference is becoming increasingly important in infectious disease epidemiology. Detailed datasets present the opportunity to identify subsets of these data that capture important characteristics of the underlying epidemiology. One such dataset describes the epidemic of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in British cattle, which is also an important exemplar of a disease with a wildlife reservoir (the Eurasian badger). Here, we evaluate a set of nested dynamic models of bTB transmission, including individual- and herd-level transmission heterogeneity and assuming minimal prior knowledge of the transmission and diagnostic test parameters. We performed a likelihood-based bootstrapping operation on the model to infer parameters based only on the recorded numbers of cattle testing positive for bTB at the start of each herd outbreak considering high- and low-risk areas separately. Models without herd heterogeneity are preferred in both areas though there is some evidence for super-spreading cattle. Similar to previous studies, we found low test sensitivities and high within-herd basic reproduction numbers (
            <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>
            <jats:sub>0</jats:sub>
            ), suggesting that there may be many unobserved infections in cattle, even though the current testing regime is sufficient to control within-herd epidemics in most cases. Compared with other, more data-heavy approaches, the summary data used in our approach are easily collected, making our approach attractive for other systems.
          </jats:p>","Proc. R. Soc. B.","list(given = c(""A."", ""R. J."", ""P. R."", ""R. R.""), family = c(""O'Hare"", ""Orton"", ""Bessell"", ""Kao""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK"", ""Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK"", 
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    ""A dynamic model of bovine tuberculosis spread and control in Great Britain"", ""Estimating the hidden burden of bovine tuberculosis in Great Britain"", ""A study of cattle-to-cattle transmission of Mycobacterium bovis infection"", ""Mathematical modelling in veterinary epidemiology: why model building is important"", ""Ante mortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle: a review of the tuberculin tests, γ-interferon assay and other ancillary diagnostic techniques"", ""Minimum effective dose of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle"", 
    ""The construction of next-generation matrices for compartmental epidemic models"", ""Pathology of bovine tuberculosis"", ""Scientific Opinion on the use of a gamma interferon test for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis"", ""Epidemiological models with non-exponentially distributed disease stages and applications to disease control"", ""Evaluation of surveillance strategies for bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) using an individual based epidemiological model"", ""Spatio-temporal variability of bovine tuberculosis eradication in Spain (2006–2011)"", 
    ""Estimation of the individual slaughterhouse surveillance sensitivity for bovine tuberculosis in Catalonia (North-Eastern Spain)"", ""Cattle-to-cattle transmission of Mycobacterium bovis"", ""Epidemiological investigation of bovine tuberculosis herd breakdowns in Spain 2009/2011"", ""Statistical inference for stochastic simulation models—theory and application"", ""Perspectives on the basic reproductive ratio"", ""Mathematical modelling and prediction in infectious disease epidemiology"", NA, ""A model of bovine tuberculosis control in domesticated cattle herds"", 
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""Gates MC, Woolhouse MEJ, Gunn GJ, Humphry RW (2013) Relative associations of cattle movements, local spread, and biosecurity with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) seropositivity in beef and dairy herds. Prev Vet Med 112:285–295"", ""Gates MC, Humphry RW, Gunn GJ (2013) Associations between bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) seropositivity and performance indicators in beef suckler and dairy herds. Vet J 198:631–637"", ""McCormick B, Stott A, Brülisauer F, Vosough Ahmadi B, Gunn G (2010) An integrated approach to assessing the viability of eradicating BVD in Scottish beef suckler herds. Vet Microbiol 142:129–136"", 
""Bennett RM (1992) Case-study of a simple decision support system to aid livestock disease control decisions. Agr Syst 38:111–129"", ""Ezanno P, Fourichon C, Seegers H (2008) Influence of herd structure and type of virus introduction on the spread of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) within a dairy herd. Vet Res 39:39"", ""Ezanno P, Vergu E, Langlais M, Gilot-Fromont E: Modelling the dynamics of host-parasite interactions: basic principles. In New Frontiers of Molecular Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases. Edited by Morand S, Beaudeau F, Cabaret J: Springer; 2012:79-101."", 
""Viet A-F, Fourichon C, Seegers H (2007) Review and critical discussion of assumptions and modelling options to study the spread of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) within a cattle herd. Epidemiol Infect 135:706–721"", ""Ezanno P, Fourichon C, Viet A-F, Seegers H (2007) Sensitivity analysis to identify key-parameters in modelling the spread of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in a dairy herd. Prev Vet Med 80:49–64"", ""Courcoul A, Ezanno P (2010) Modelling the spread of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) in a managed metapopulation of cattle herds. Vet Microbiol 142:119–128"", 
""Ersbøll AK, Ersbøll BK, Houe H, Alban L, Kjeldsen A (2010) Spatial modelling of the between-herd infection dynamics of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in dairy herds in Denmark. Prev Vet Med 97:83–89"", ""Tinsley M, Lewis FI, Brülisauer F (2012) Network modeling of BVD transmission. Vet Res 43:11"", ""Houe H (1993) Survivorship of animals persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV). Prev Vet Med 15:275–283"", ""Gunn GJ, Stott AW, Humphry RW (2004) Modelling and costing BVD outbreaks in beef herds. Vet J 167:143–149"", 
""Smith RL, Sanderson MW, Renter DG, Larson R, White B (2010) A stochastic risk-analysis model for the spread of bovine viral diarrhea virus after introduction to naive cow-calf herds. Prev Vet Med 95:86–98"", ""Nickell JS, White BJ, Larson RL, Renter DG, Sanderson MW (2011) A simulation model to quantify the value of implementing whole-herd Bovine viral diarrhea virus testing strategies in beef cow-calf herds. J Vet Diagn Invest 23:194–205"", ""Smith RL, Sanderson MW, Jones R, N’Guessan Y, Renter D, Larson R, White BJ (2013) Economic risk analysis model for bovine viral diarrhea virus biosecurity in cow-calf herds. Prev Vet Med 113:492–503"", 
""Viet A-F, Ezanno P, Petit E, Devun J, Vermesse R, Fourichon C (2012) Resilience of a beef cow-calf farming system to variations in demographic parameters. J Anim Sci 91:413–424"", ""Lindberg ALE (2003) Bovine viral diarrhoea virus infections and its control. A review Vet Q 25:1–16"", ""Kendrick JW (1971) Bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus infection in pregnant cows. Am J Vet Res 32:533–544"", ""Done J, Terlecki S, Richardson C, Harkness J, Sands J, Patterson D, Sweasey D, Shaw I, Winkler C, Duffell S (1980) Bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus: pathogenicity for the fetal calf following maternal infection. Vet Rec 106:473–479"", 
""McClurkin AW, Littledike ET, Cutlip RC, Frank GH, Coria MF, Bolin SR (1984) Production of cattle immunotolerant to bovine viral diarrhea virus. Can J Comp Med 48:156–161"", ""Carlsson U, Fredriksson G, Alenius S, Kindahl H (1989) Bovine virus diarrhoea virus, a cause of early pregnancy failure in the cow. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 36:15–23"", ""McGowan M, Kirkland P, Richards S, Littlejohns I (1993) Increased reproductive losses in cattle infected with bovine pestivirus around the time of insemination. Vet Rec 133:39–43"", 
""Moerman A, Straver P, de Jong M, Quak J, Baanvinger T, van Oirschot J (1993) A long term epidemiological study of bovine viral diarrhoea infections in a large herd of dairy cattle. Vet Rec 132:622–626"", ""Breto C, He D, Ionides EL, King AA (2009) Time series analysis via mechanistic models. Ann Appl Stat 3:319–348"", ""Saltelli A, Chan K, Scott EM (2000) Sensitivity Analysis. Wiley, New York"", ""Viet A-F, Fourichon C, Seegers H, Jacob C, Guihenneuc-Jouyaux C (2004) A model of the spread of the bovine viral-diarrhoea virus within a dairy herd. Prev Vet Med 63:211–236"", 
""Carslake D, Grant W, Green LE, Cave J, Greaves J, Keeling M, McEldowney J, Weldegebriel H, Medley GF (2011) Endemic cattle diseases: comparative epidemiology and governance. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 366:1975–1986"", ""Sarrazin S, Veldhuis A, Méroc E, Vangeel I, Laureyns J, Dewulf J, Van Der Stede Y (2013) Serological and virological BVDV prevalence and risk factor analysis for herds to be BVDV seropositive in Belgian cattle herds. Prev Vet Med 108:28–37"", ""Moennig V, Houe H, Lindberg A (2005) BVD control in Europe: current status and perspectives. Anim Health Res Rev 6:63–74"", 
""Ståhl K, Lindberg A, Rivera H, Ortiz C, Moreno-López J (2008) Self-clearance from BVDV infections—a frequent finding in dairy herds in an endemically infected region in Peru. Prev Vet Med 83:285–296"", ""Lindberg AL, Alenius S (1999) Principles for eradication of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections in cattle populations. Vet Microbiol 64:197–222"", ""Greiser-Wilke I, Grummer B, Moennig V (2003) Bovine viral diarrhoea eradication and control programmes in Europe. Biologicals 31:113–118"", 
""Moennig V, Brownlie J: Vaccines and vaccination strategies. In EU Thematic network on control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus: position paper (QLRT – 2001-01573). Edited online (http://www.afbini.gov.uk/chs-thematic-network-position-paper-on-bvd-control.pdf); 2006:73-98."", ""Lindberg A, Brownlie J, Gunn G, Houe H, Moennig V, Saatkamp H, Sandvik T, Valle P (2006) The control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in Europe: today and in the future. Rev Sci Tech 25:961–979"", ""Ståhl K, Alenius S (2012) BVDV control and eradication in Europe - an update. Jpn J Vet Res 60:S31–S39"", 
""Fulton RW (2013) Host response to bovine viral diarrhea virus and interactions with infectious agents in the feedlot and breeding herd. Biologicals 41:31–38"", ""Moennig V, Eicken K, Flebbe U, Frey HR, Grummer B, Haas L, Greiser-Wilke I, Liess B (2005) Implementation of two-step vaccination in the control of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD). Prev Vet Med 72:109–114"", ""Rat-Aspert O, Fourichon C (2010) Modelling collective effectiveness of voluntary vaccination with and without incentives. Prev Vet Med 93:265–275"", 
""Santarossa J, Stott A, Humphry R, Gunn G (2005) Optimal risk management versus willingness to pay for BVDV control options. Prev Vet Med 72:183–187"", ""Bitsch V, Hansen KE, Rønsholt L (2000) Experiences from the Danish programme for eradication of bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) 1994–1998 with special reference to legislation and causes of infection. Vet Microbiol 77:137–143"", ""Duffell S, Harkness J (1985) Bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease infection in cattle. Vet Rec 117:240–245"", ""Kendrick JW, Franti CE (1974) Bovine viral diarrhea: decay of colostrum-conferred antibody in the calf. Am J Vet Res 35:589–592"", 
""Baker JC (1987) Bovine viral diarrhoea virus: a review. J Am Vet Med Assoc 190:1449–1458"", ""Mars MH, Bruschke CJM, van Oirschot JT (1999) Airborne transmission of BHV1, BRSV, and BVDV among cattle is possible under experimental conditions. Vet Microbiol 66:197–207"", ""Niskanen R, Lindberg A (2003) Transmission of bovine viral diarrhoea virus by unhygienic vaccination procedures, ambient air, and from contaminated pens. Vet J 165:125–130""), journal.title = c(""Vet J"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Prev Vet Med"", 
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""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4952_ref121"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4952_ref122"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4952_ref123"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4952_ref124"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4952_ref125"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4952_ref126"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4952_ref127"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4952_ref128"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4952_ref129"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4952_ref130""), unstructured = c(""Alenius S, Lindberg A and Larsson B, 1997. A national approach to the control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus. Proceedings of the 3rd ESVV Symposium on Pestivirus Infections, Lelystand, the Netherlands, 169."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Desport M, Collins ME and Brownlie J, 1996. Viral recombination in noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhoea virus genomes in the lymph nodes of persistently infected animals. Proceedings of the 3rd ESVV Symposium on Pestivirus Infections, Lelystad, The Netherlands, 18–22."", NA, NA, NA, ""EU Thematic network on control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), 2001. BVDV Control. 170 pp. Available online: https://www.afbini.gov.uk/publications/eu-thematic-network-control-bovine-viral-diarrhoea-virus-bvdv"", 
NA, NA, ""Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira , 2016.Animal diseases in Finland 2015. Evira publications 5/2016, 5, 49 pp. Available online: https://www.evira.fi/globalassets/tietoa-evirasta/julkaisut/julkaisusarjat/elaimet/evira_publications_5_2016_061016.pdf"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Niskanen R, Lindberg A, Larsson B and Alenius S, 1996. Primarily BVDV‐infected calves as transmitters of the infection. Proceedings of the World Biuatrics Congress, Edinburgh, 593‐595."", 
NA, NA, NA, ""OIE , 2015. Bovine Viral Diarrhoea. In: Terrestrial Manual. 1‐22. Available online: http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2.04.07_BVD.pdf"", ""OIE , 2016a. Collection and processing of in vivo derived embryos from livestock and equids. In: Terrestrial Animal Health Code. 1‐6. Available online: http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahc/current/chapitre_coll_embryo_equid.pdf"", ""OIE ,2016b. Collection and processing of bovine, small ruminant and porcine semen. In: Terrestrial Animal Health Code. 1‐6. Available online: http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahc/current/chapitre_coll_semen.pdf"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Ribbens S, Callens J, Van Praet W, Van Mael E and Van Schoubroeck L, 2016. Results of the first year of the mandatory BVDV control program in Northern‐Belgium. Proceedings of the World Biuatrics Congress, Dublin, 141."", ""Richter V, Firth CL, Lebl K, Trauffler M, Dzieciol M, Hutter S, Burgstaller J, Obritzhauser W and Pinior B, 2016.Economic evaluation of bovine viral diarrhoea virus control activities worldwide: a systematic review. Proceedings of the World Buiatrics Congress, Dublin, Ireland."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Schirrmeier H, Strebelow G and Beer M, 2012. The first year of obligatory BVD control in Germany ‐ diagnostic strategies, results and experiences. Proceedings of the 2nd Congress of the European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD), Kazimierz Dolny, Poland."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Stevens ET, 2009. The persistently infected bovine viral diarrhea virus individual: prevalence, viral survival, and impact within commercial feeding systems. PhD Thesis. Kansas State University."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Waage S, Krogsrud J, Nyberg O and Sandvik T, 1996. Results achieved by a national programme for the eradication of bovine virus diarrhoea. Proceedings of the 3rd ESVV Symposium on Pestivirus Infections, Lelystad, The Netherlands, 170‐172."", NA, NA, NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, 
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""10.1186/1297-9716-45-34"", NA, ""10.1177/1040638711435144"", ""10.1016/S0749-0720(15)30471-0"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00270-4"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.12.010"", ""10.2527/jas.2011-4232"", NA, ""10.1111/j.1439-0442.1998.tb00847.x"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.08.011"", ""10.1177/104063879801000106"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-8-204"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.10.010"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.06.014"", NA, ""10.1186/2046-0481-65-16"", NA, ""10.1136/vr.103329"", ""10.1136/vr.120.3.71"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.07.010"", 
""10.1136/vr.103577"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.05.005"", ""10.1186/s13028-015-0125-z"", NA, ""10.7589/0090-3558-34.1.173"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.001"", ""10.1016/j.heliyon.2015.e00019"", ""10.1111/j.1348-0421.1997.tb01936.x"", ""10.1136/vr.149.9.261"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2015.01000"", ""10.1017/S1466252315000080"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00276-4"", ""10.1007/s00705-003-0130-9"", ""10.1136/vr.132.23.584"", ""10.1016/S1090-0233(03)00112-6"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.08.012"", ""10.1016/S0034-5288(18)33106-0"", ""10.3168/jds.2007-0258"", 
""10.1177/104063870701900105"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(93)90099-F"", ""10.1016/S0749-0720(15)30465-5"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00262-4"", ""10.1016/S1045-1056(03)00030-7"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(05)80040-6"", NA, ""10.1016/j.cvfa.2003.11.001"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.09.006"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00265-X"", ""10.1111/avj.12208"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.07.024"", ""10.1016/0378-4320(94)90052-3"", NA, ""10.7589/0090-3558-39.4.779"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00270-3"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.07.018"", NA, ""10.2478/bvip-2014-0056"", 
""10.1016/S0749-0720(15)30469-2"", ""10.1136/vr.101525"", ""10.1186/BF03546994"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(01)00239-2"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.050"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.11.008"", ""10.1080/01652176.1994.9694430"", NA, ""10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.09.028"", NA, ""10.7589/0090-3558-36.3.584"", ""10.1007/978-3-7091-9153-8_30"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(94)00437-N"", NA, ""10.1053/tvjl.2001.0657"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.06.012"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00272-7"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1136/vr.103490"", ""10.1017/S1466252309990065"", 
""10.3389/fmicb.2016.00945"", ""10.1016/0378-1135(94)00107-8"", ""10.1136/vr.142.15.385"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00275-2"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.09.054"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.01.012"", ""10.1080/00480169.2008.36809"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.biologicals.2012.07.003"", ""10.1006/viro.1995.1480"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2016.00921"", ""10.2460/ajvr.74.3.438"", ""10.1136/vr.162.3.79"", ""10.1016/S0093-691X(03)00182-1"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.09.055"", ""10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00556-8"", ""10.3168/jds.2014-9255"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.07.005"", 
""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.010"", ""10.1007/s00705-008-0264-x"", NA, ""10.1080/01652176.1999.9694987"", ""10.1007/s00705-015-2412-4"", ""10.1007/s00705-015-2649-y"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.12.001"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.05.020"", ""10.1186/2046-0481-65-12"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00271-5"", ""10.1556/004.2016.026"", ""10.1136/vr.128.4.82"", ""10.3402/iee.v5.29862"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.07.017"", ""10.1556/AVet.51.2003.2.11"", ""10.1046/j.1439-0450.2002.00560.x"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00177-1"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00084-7"", 
NA, ""10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0502.x"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.07.001"", ""10.1515/pjvs-2015-0018""), article.title = c(NA, ""Experimental infection of rabbits with bovine viral diarrhoea virus by a natural route of exposure"", ""Virus diarrhea in cattle"", ""Antigenic relationships between Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 and 2 and HoBi virus: Possible impacts on diagnosis and control"", ""Control of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection without vaccines. The Veterinary clinics of North America"", ""Experiences from the Danish programme for eradication of bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) 1994‐1998 with special reference to legislation and causes of infection"", 
""Virus survival in slurry: analysis of the stability of foot‐and‐mouth disease, classical swine fever, bovine viral diarrhoea and swine influenza viruses"", ""Inactivation at various temperatures of bovine viral diarrhea virus in beef derived from persistently infected cattle"", ""Epidemiologic studies of the occurrence of bovine virus diarrhea/mucosal disease in 2892 cattle in 95 dairy farms"", ""Epidemiology of bovine virus diarrhoea in cattle on communal alpine pastures in Switzerland"", ""The prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in beef suckler herds in Scotland"", 
""Severe acute bovine viral diarrhea in Ontario, 1993‐1995"", ""Bovine viral diarrhea virus in free‐ranging wild ruminants in Switzerland: low prevalence of infection despite regular interactions with domestic livestock"", ""Temporal trends in the retention of BVD+ calves and associated animal and herd‐level risk factors during the compulsory eradication programme in Ireland"", ""The European hare (Lepus europaeus) as a potential wild reservoir for ruminant pestiviruses"", ""Comparison of ear notch immunohistochemistry, ear notch antigen‐capture ELISA, and buffy coat virus isolation for detection of calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus"", 
""Bovine viral diarrhoea virus seroprevalence and vaccination usage in dairy and beef herds in the Republic of Ireland"", NA, ""Difficulties arising from the variety of testing schemes used for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV)"", ""Prevalence of bovine virus diarrhoea virus viraemia"", ""Scientific opinion on an ad hoc method for the assessment on listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law"", NA, ""Pestiviral infection of llamas and alpacas"", ""Pestivirus in alpine wild ruminants and sympatric livestock from the Cantabrian Mountains"", 
NA, ""Quantitative assessment of the risk of introduction of bovine viral diarrhea virus in Danish dairy herds"", ""Challenges for bovine viral diarrhoea virus antibody detection in bulk milk by antibody enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays due to changes in milk production levels"", ""Prävalenz und klinische Symptomatik persistenter BVD‐virusinfektionen in Rinderbeständen Niedersachsens"", ""Serologic evidence of bovine viral diarrhea virus in free‐ranging rabbits from Germany"", ""Transient elimination of circulating bovine viral diarrhoea virus by colostral antibodies in persistently infected calves: a pitfall for BVDV‐eradication programs?"", 
""BVD‐2 outbreak leads to high losses in cattle farms in Western Germany"", ""Genotypic analysis of the 5’‐untranslated region of a pestivirus strain isolated from human leucocytes"", ""Testing of bulk tank milk from Northern Ireland dairy herds for viral RNA and antibody to bovine viral diarrhoea virus"", ""Assessment of the rabbit as a wildlife reservoir of bovine viral diarrhea virus: serological analysis and generation of trans‐placentally infected offspring"", ""BVDV vaccination in North America: risks versus benefits"", 
""Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) infections‐control and eradication programme in breeding herds in Slovenia"", ""Characterisation of a pestivirus isolated from persistently infected mousedeer (Tragulus javanicus)"", ""Role of fomites and flies in the transmission of bovine viral diarrhoea virus"", ""Modelling and costing BVD outbreaks in beef herds"", ""Assessing economic and social pressure for the control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus"", ""Serological studies of mucosal disease virus in England and Wales"", 
""Economic effects of exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus on dairy herds in New Zealand"", ""Comparison of five diagnostic methods for detecting bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in calves"", ""Survivorship of animals persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV)"", ""Epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhea virus. The Veterinary clinics of North America"", ""Epidemiological features and economical importance of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections"", ""Economic impact of BVDV infection in dairies"", 
""Prevalence of bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) in 19 Danish dairy herds and estimation of incidence of infection in early pregnancy"", ""Prevalence of bovine virus diarrhoea virus viraemia in cattle in the UK"", ""Evolution of bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccines. The Veterinary clinics of North America"", ""Pestivirus infection in sheep and goats in West Austria"", ""A simple, rapid and reliable enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) specific antibodies in cattle serum, plasma and bulk milk"", 
""Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (‘pestivirus’) in Australia: to control or not to control?"", ""Bovine viral diarrhoea: pathogenesis and diagnosis"", ""Natural infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus in a dairy herd: a spectrum of symptoms including early reproductive failure and retained placenta"", ""Frequency of appearance of persistent BVD virus infections and their effects on the cattle population"", ""Antibodies to ruminant alpha‐herpesviruses and pestiviruses in Norwegian cervids"", ""Principles for eradication of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections in cattle populations"", 
""Effect of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection on average annual milk yield and average bulk milk somatic cell counts in Swedish Dairy Herds"", ""Characteristics in the epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) of relevance to control"", ""The control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in Europe: today and in the future"", ""Serological study on Bovine Viral diarrhoea virus infection in pig population in poland between 2008 and 2011"", ""Ruminant pestivirus infections in animals other than cattle and sheep. The Veterinary clinics of North America"", 
""Eradication of BVDV in cattle: the Norwegian project"", ""Pestivirus infections in Norway. Serological investigations in cattle, sheep and pigs"", ""Epidemiological pattern and risk factors associated with bovine viral‐diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection in a non‐vaccinated dairy‐cattle population from the Asturias region of Spain"", ""Bovine viral diarrhea virus is inactivated when whole milk from persistently infected cows is heated to prepare semen extender"", ""Health status of bulls used for natural breeding on farms in south west Scotland"", 
""Prevalence and epidemiological features of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in Lithuania"", ""Clinical consequences of a bovine virus diarrhoea virus infection in a dairy herd: a longitudinal study"", ""Pestivirus infections in ruminants other than cattle"", ""Efficacy of bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccination to prevent reproductive disease: a meta‐analysis"", ""Onset and duration of transient infections among antibody‐ diverse beef calves exposed to a bovine viral diarrhea virus persistently infected calf"", 
""Bovine virus diarrhea virus in free‐living deer from Denmark"", ""Determination of level of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in bulk tank milk as a tool in the diagnosis and prophylaxis of BVDV infections in dairy herds"", ""Effects of infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus on health and reproductive performance in 2 13 dairy herds in one county in Sweden"", NA, ""Failure to spread bovine virus diarrhoea virus infection from primarily infected calves despite concurrent infection with bovine coronavirus"", 
""Estimation of the probability of freedom from bovine virus diarrhoea virus in Norway using scenario tree modelling"", ""Prevalence and geographic distribution of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) infection in Finland 1993‐1997"", NA, NA, NA, ""Absence of circulation of Pestivirus between wild and domestic ruminants in southern Spain"", ""Bovine viral diarrhea virus infections in heterologous species"", ""Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)"", ""Identification of herd‐specific bovine viral diarrhoea virus isolates from infected cattle and sheep"", 
""Prevalence of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus and other viruses in bulk tank milk in England and Wales"", ""Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in bulls in artificial insemination centers in Poland"", ""BVD eradication in Switzerland–a new approach"", ""Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) eradication in Switzerland–experiences of the first two years"", ""Does control of bovine viral diarrhoea infection make economic sense?"", NA, NA, ""Immunology of BVDV vaccines"", ""Delayed onset postvaccinal mucosal disease as a result of genetic recombination between genotype 1 and genotype 2 BVDV"", 
""Challenges in identifying and determining the impacts of infection with pestiviruses on the herd health of free ranging cervid populations"", ""Comparison of acute infection of calves exposed to a high‐virulence or low‐virulence bovine viral diarrhea virus or a HoBi‐like virus"", ""Transmission of bovine viral diarrhoea virus through the semen of acutely infected bulls under field conditions"", ""Large scale assessment of the effect associated with bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection on fertility of dairy cows in 6149 dairy herds in Brittany (Western France)"", 
""The occurrence of BVD virus infections in lower Austrian dairy farms"", ""Voluntary and compulsory eradication of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in Lower Austria"", ""The effect of infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus on the fertility of Swiss dairy cattle"", ""Evaluation of the epidemiological and economic consequences of control scenarios for bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy herds"", ""Serological and virological BVDV prevalence and risk factor analysis for herds to be BVDV seropositive in Belgian cattle herds"", 
""Virulence comparison and quantification of horizontal bovine viral diarrhoea virus transmission following experimental infection in calves"", ""Testing thermal resistance of viruses"", NA, ""Prevalence of bovine virus diarrhoea virus infection in Belgian white blue cattle in Southern Belgium"", ""Experimental infection of mice with bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""Experimental infection with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus in mice induces megakaryopoiesis in the spleen and bone marrow"", ""BVDV control and eradication in Europe–an update"", 
""Frequency and cost of health problems in Swiss dairy cows and their calves (1993‐1994)"", NA, ""Use of a benefit function to assess the relative investment potential of alternative farm animal disease prevention strategies"", ""Modelling the effects of previous infection and re‐infection on the costs of bovine viral diarrhoea outbreaks in beef herds"", ""Predicted costs and benefits of eradicating BVDV from Ireland"", ""The control of bovine virus diarrhoea virus in Shetland"", ""Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle farms in Hungary"", 
""Transmission of bovine virus diarrhoea virus by blood feeding flies"", ""Serologic screening for 13 infectious agents in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Flanders"", ""Ten years of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) control in Norway: a cost‐benefit analysis"", ""A survey for BVDV antibodies in cattle farms in Slovakia and genetic typing of BVDV isolates from imported animals"", ""Natural changes in the spread of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) among Estonian cattle"", ""Persistent bovine pestivirus infection localized in the testes of an immuno‐competent, non‐viraemic bull"", 
""Influence of new infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus on udder health in Norwegian dairy cows"", NA, ""ACVIM consensus statement on control of bovine viral diarrhea virus in ruminants"", ""Evaluation of producer and consumer benefits resulting from eradication of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) in Scotland, United Kingdom"", ""Detection of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in young beef cattle in eastern and south‐eastern regions of Poland""), volume = c(NA, ""45"", ""15"", ""24"", ""11"", ""77"", ""157"", 
""90"", ""139"", ""45"", ""186"", ""10"", ""8"", ""134"", ""131"", ""117"", ""65"", NA, ""178"", ""120"", ""15"", NA, ""61"", ""178"", NA, ""116"", ""57"", ""77"", ""34"", ""161"", ""1"", ""41"", ""149"", ""6"", ""16"", ""64"", ""148"", ""132"", ""167"", ""72"", ""24"", ""90"", ""19"", ""15"", ""11"", ""64"", ""31"", ""11"", ""119"", ""20"", ""186"", ""64"", ""92"", ""199"", ""36"", ""94"", ""39"", ""64"", ""10"", ""72"", ""25"", ""58"", ""11"", ""172"", ""32"", ""52"", ""134"", ""46"", ""99"", ""16"", ""9"", ""83"", ""9"", ""36"", ""3"", ""23"", NA, ""163"", ""116"", ""64"", NA, NA, NA, ""178"", ""11"", ""7"", ""43"", ""142"", ""64"", ""142"", 
""99"", ""56"", NA, NA, ""41"", ""212"", ""7"", ""74"", ""162"", ""61"", ""105"", ""142"", ""56"", ""98"", ""108"", ""202"", ""154"", NA, ""21"", ""160"", ""161"", ""60"", ""139"", NA, ""84"", ""185"", ""65"", ""64"", ""64"", ""128"", ""5"", ""72"", ""51"", ""49"", ""61"", ""43"", NA, ""24"", ""88"", ""18""), author = c(NA, ""Bachofen"", ""Baker"", ""Bauermann"", ""Bitsch"", ""Bitsch"", ""Bøtner"", ""Bratcher"", ""Braun"", ""Braun"", ""Brülisauer"", ""Carman"", ""Casaubon"", ""Clegg"", ""Colom‐Cadena"", ""Cornish"", ""Cowley"", NA, ""Duncan"", ""Edwards"", ""More"", NA, ""Evermann"", ""Fernández‐Aguilar"", 
NA, ""Foddai"", ""Foddai"", ""Frey"", ""Frölich"", ""Fux"", ""Gethmann"", ""Giangaspero"", ""Graham"", ""Grant"", ""Griebel"", ""Grom"", ""Grondahl"", ""Gunn"", ""Gunn"", ""Gunn"", ""Harkness"", ""Heuer"", ""Hilbe"", ""Houe"", ""Houe"", ""Houe"", ""Houe"", ""Houe"", ""Howard"", ""Kelling"", ""Krametter‐Froetscher"", ""Kramps"", ""Lanyon"", ""Lanyon"", ""Larsson"", ""Liess"", ""Lillehaug"", ""Lindberg"", ""Lindberg"", ""Lindberg"", ""Lindberg"", ""Lipowski"", ""Løken"", ""Løken"", ""Løken"", ""Mainar‐Jaime"", ""Marley"", ""McGowan"", ""Mockeliūnas"", ""Moerman"", ""Nettleton"", 
""Newcomer"", ""Nickell"", ""Nielsen"", ""Niskanen"", ""Niskanen"", NA, ""Niskanen"", ""Norström"", ""Nuotio"", NA, NA, NA, ""Paniagua"", ""Passler"", ""Passler"", ""Paton"", ""Paton"", ""Polak"", ""Presi"", ""Presi"", ""Reichel"", NA, NA, ""Ridpath"", ""Ridpath"", ""Ridpath"", ""Ridpath"", ""Rikula"", ""Robert"", ""Rossmanith"", ""Rossmanith"", ""Rüfenacht"", ""Santman‐Berends"", ""Sarrazin"", ""Sarrazin"", ""Sauerbrei"", NA, ""Schreiber"", ""Seong"", ""Seong"", ""Stahl"", ""Stärk"", NA, ""Stott"", ""Stott"", ""Stott"", ""Synge"", ""Szabára"", ""Tarry"", ""Tavernier"", ""Valle"", 
""Vilcek"", ""Viltrop"", ""Voges"", ""Waage"", NA, ""Walz"", ""Weldegebriel"", ""Wernicki""), year = c(NA, ""2014"", ""1954"", ""2012"", ""1995"", ""2000"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""1997"", ""1998"", ""2010"", ""1998"", ""2012"", ""2016"", ""2016"", ""2016"", ""2012"", NA, ""2016"", ""1987"", ""2017"", NA, ""2006"", ""2016"", NA, ""2014"", ""2015"", ""1996"", ""1998"", ""2013"", ""2015"", ""1997"", ""2001"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""1999"", ""2003"", ""1993"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""1978"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""1993"", ""1995"", ""1999"", ""2003"", ""1991"", ""1987"", ""2004"", ""2010"", ""1999"", ""2014"", ""2014"", 
""1994"", ""1987"", ""2003"", ""1999"", ""1997"", ""2005"", ""2006"", ""2014"", ""1995"", ""2013"", ""1991"", ""2001"", ""2009"", ""1999"", ""2004"", ""1994"", ""1990"", ""2015"", ""2011"", ""2000"", ""1991"", ""1995"", NA, ""2002"", ""2014"", ""1999"", NA, NA, NA, ""2016"", ""2010"", ""2016"", ""1995"", ""1998"", ""1999"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2008"", NA, NA, ""2013"", ""1995"", ""2016"", ""2013"", ""2008"", ""2004"", ""1998"", ""2010"", ""2001"", ""2015"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2009"", NA, ""1999"", ""2015"", ""2016"", ""2012"", ""1997"", NA, ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""1999"", ""2016"", ""1991"", ""2015"", 
""2005"", ""2003"", ""2002"", ""1998"", ""2000"", NA, ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2015""), journal.title = c(NA, ""Veterinary Research"", ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""Food Animal Practice"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Journal of Animal Science"", ""Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde"", ""Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe A"", ""Veterinary Journal"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""BMC Veterinary Research"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", 
""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""Irish Veterinary Journal"", NA, ""Veterinary Record"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""EFSA Journal"", NA, ""Small Ruminant Research"", ""Spain. Veterinary Record"", NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", ""Der Praktische Tierarzt"", ""Journal of Wildlife Diseases"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Heliyon"", ""Microbiology and Immunology"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Frontiers in Microbiology"", ""Animal Health Research Reviews"", 
""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Archives of Virology"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Veterinary Journal"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""Journal of Dairy Science"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Food Animal Practice"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Biologicals"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Food Animal Practice"", ""Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Australian Veterinary Journal"", 
""Veterinary Journal"", ""Animal Reproduction Science"", ""Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift"", ""Journal of Wildlife Diseases"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Épidémiologie et Santé Animale"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Revue Scientifique et Technique (International Office of Epizootics)"", ""Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy"", ""Food Animal Practice"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe B"", 
""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Quarterly"", ""Revue Scientifique et Technique (International Office of Epizootics)"", ""Theriogenology"", ""International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine"", ""Journal of Wildlife Diseases"", ""Archives of Virology. Supplementum"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", NA, ""Veterinary Journal"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary Record"", ""Animal Health Research Reviews"", ""Frontiers in Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", 
""Veterinary Record"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""New Zealand Veterinary Journal"", NA, NA, ""Biologicals"", ""Virology"", ""Frontiers in Microbiology"", ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Journal of Dairy Science"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Journal"", ""Archives of Virology"", NA, ""Veterinary Quarterly"", 
""Archives of Virology"", ""Archives of Virology"", ""Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde"", NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Journal"", ""Irish Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Acta Veterinaria Hungarica"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Infection Ecology & Epidemiology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Acta Veterinaria Hungarica"", ""Journal of Veterinary Medicine B, Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", 
""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", NA, ""Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences""), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""5"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Suppl"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,NA,NA,"NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW)","2017","EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW), 2017"
"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","2005-10-04","2022-02-23","2005-10","10.1128/aem.71.10.5765-5770.2005","2024-07-24","0099-2240,1098-5336","10","2005-10","235","5765-5770","10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","35","35","58","Quantifying Transmission of
            <i>Campylobacter</i>
            spp. among Broilers","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.10.5765-5770.2005","71","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
          <jats:p>
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            species are frequently identified as a cause of human gastroenteritis, often from eating or mishandling contaminated poultry products. Quantitative knowledge of transmission of
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            in broiler flocks is necessary, as this may help to determine the moment of introduction of
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            in broiler flocks more precisely. The aim of this study was to determine the transmission rate parameter in broiler flocks. Four experiments were performed, each with four
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter-</jats:italic>
            inoculated chicks housed with 396 contact chicks per group. Colonization was monitored by regularly testing fecal samples for
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            . A mathematical model was used to quantify the transmission rate, which was determined to be 1.04 new cases per colonized chick per day. This would imply that, for example, in a flock of 20,000 broilers, the prevalence of
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            would increase from 5% to 95% within 6 days after
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            introduction. The model and the estimated transmission rate parameter can be used to develop a suitable sampling scheme to determine transmission in commercial broiler flocks, to estimate whether control measures can reduce the transmission rate, or to estimate when
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            was introduced into a colonized broiler flock on the basis of the time course of transmission in the flock.
          </jats:p>","Appl Environ Microbiol","list(given = c(""T. J. W. M."", ""A."", ""W. F."", ""J."", ""D."", ""J. A."", ""J. A. P.""), family = c(""Van Gerwe"", ""Bouma"", ""Jacobs-Reitsma"", ""van den Broek"", ""Klinkenberg"", ""Stegeman"", ""Heesterbeek""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands"", ""Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands"", 
""Animal Sciences Group, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, The Netherlands"", ""Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands"", ""Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands"", ""Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands"", ""Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands""
))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.71.10.5765-5770.2005"", ""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.71.10.5765-5770.2005""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_3_2_2_2"", ""e_1_3_2_3_2"", ""e_1_3_2_4_2"", ""e_1_3_2_5_2"", ""e_1_3_2_6_2"", ""e_1_3_2_7_2"", ""e_1_3_2_8_2"", ""e_1_3_2_9_2"", ""e_1_3_2_10_2"", ""e_1_3_2_11_2"", ""e_1_3_2_12_2"", ""e_1_3_2_13_2"", ""e_1_3_2_14_2"", ""e_1_3_2_15_2"", ""e_1_3_2_16_2"", ""e_1_3_2_17_2"", ""e_1_3_2_18_2"", ""e_1_3_2_19_2"", ""e_1_3_2_20_2"", ""e_1_3_2_21_2"", ""e_1_3_2_22_2"", ""e_1_3_2_23_2"", ""e_1_3_2_24_2"", ""e_1_3_2_25_2"", ""e_1_3_2_26_2"", ""e_1_3_2_27_2"", ""e_1_3_2_28_2"", ""e_1_3_2_29_2"", ""e_1_3_2_30_2"", ""e_1_3_2_31_2"", ""e_1_3_2_32_2"", 
""e_1_3_2_33_2"", ""e_1_3_2_34_2"", ""e_1_3_2_35_2"", ""e_1_3_2_36_2""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1099/00221287-148-4-1203"", 
""10.1086/319760"", NA, ""10.1007/978-1-4612-1158-7"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2003.09.003"", ""10.1007/978-1-4757-2917-7_3"", ""10.1017/S0950268800001333"", ""10.1128/JCM.38.5.1940-1946.2000"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00143-4"", NA, ""10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02101.x"", ""10.1017/S0950268801005866"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.12.008"", ""10.1017/S0950268800052122"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.1995.tb03139.x"", NA, ""10.1128/IAI.72.7.3769-3776.2004"", ""10.1146/annurev.publhealth.25.102802.124353"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00145-X"", 
""10.1038/326137a0"", NA, ""10.1128/AEM.69.8.4343-4351.2003"", ""10.1080/00071668908417176"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00378-4"", ""10.1128/AEM.69.9.5372-5379.2003"", ""10.1079/WPS19980004"", ""10.1017/S0950268800054571"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00076-8"", ""10.2307/1590822"", ""10.1093/japr/10.4.315"", ""10.1017/S0950268898008899"", ""10.2307/1592745""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, ""Anderson R. M. and R. M. May. 1992. Infectious diseases of humans: dynamics and control. Oxford University Press Oxford England."", ""Andersson H. and T. Britton. 2000. Stochastic epidemic models and their statistical analysis. Lecture notes in statistics 151. Springer-Verlag New York Inc. New York N.Y."", 
""Report on trends and sources of zoonotic agents in the European Union and Norway 2003"", NA, ""Burnham K. P. and D. R. Anderson. 1998. Model selection and interferende: a practical information. Theoretic approach. Springer Verlag New York N.Y."", NA, NA, ""De Jong, M. C. M. 1995. Mathematical modeling in veterinary epidemiology: why model building is important. Prev. Vet. Med.12:183-193."", ""Diekmann O. and J. A. P. Heesterbeek. 2000. Mathematical epidemiology of infectious diseases: model building analysis and interpretation. J. Wiley and Sons Chichester United Kingdom."", 
NA, ""Glunder, G. 1995. Infectivity of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in chickens. Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr.108:101-104."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Jacobs-Reitsma W. F. 1996. Experimental horizontal spread of Campylobacter amongst one-day-old broilers. Project 5038: huisvesting en transportstress als factoren in de Campylobacter besmetting bij pluimvee. ASG Lelystad The Netherlands."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mollison D. 1995. Epidemic models: their structure and relation to data. Cambridge University Press Cambridge United Kingdom."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""183"", NA, NA, ""101"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""12"", NA, NA, ""108"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1995"", NA, NA, ""1995"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, NA, ""Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1128/AEM.71.10.5765-5770.2005",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2005-10-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","list(value = c(""2004-12-21"", ""2005-05-03"", ""2005-10-01""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Van Gerwe","2005","Van Gerwe et al., 2005"
"Zoonoses and Public Health","2021-09-03","2023-08-28","2022-02","10.1111/zph.12890","2023-08-29","1863-1959,1863-2378","1","2021-09-02","311","23-32","10.1111","Wiley","1","Crossref","48","48","0","Modelling the introduction and transmission of <i>Campylobacter</i> in a North American chicken flock","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12890","69","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> is the second leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States. Although many food production animals carry <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> as commensal bacteria, consumption of poultry is the main source of human infection. Previous research suggests that the biology of <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> results in complete flock colonization within days. However, a recent systematic review found that the on‐farm prevalence of <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> varies widely, with some flocks reporting low prevalence. We hypothesized that the low prevalence of <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> in some flocks may be driven by a delayed introduction of the pathogen. The objectives of this study were to (a) develop a deterministic compartmental model that represents the biology of <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>, (b) identify the parameter values that best represent the natural history of the pathogen in poultry flocks and (c) examine the possibility that a delayed introduction of the pathogen is sufficient to replicate the observed low prevalence examples documented in the literature. A deterministic compartmental model was developed to examine the dynamics of <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> in chicken flocks over a 56‐day time period prior to movement to the abattoir. The model outcome of interest was the final population prevalence of <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> at day 56. The resulting model that incorporated a high transmission rate (β = 1.04) was able to reproduce the wide range of prevalence estimates observed in the literature when pathogen introduction time is varied. Overall, we established that the on‐farm transmission rate of <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> in chickens is likely high and can result in complete colonization of a flock when introduced early. However, delaying the time at which the pathogen enters the flock can reduce the prevalence observed at 56 days. These results highlight the importance of enforcing strict biosecurity measures to prevent or delay the introduction of the bacteria to a flock.</jats:p>","Zoonoses and Public Health","list(given = c(""Mikayla"", ""Jan M."", ""Charlotte"", ""Amy L.""), family = c(""Plishka"", ""Sargeant"", ""Winder"", ""Greer""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Population Medicine Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada"", ""Department of Population Medicine Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada"", ""Department of Population Medicine Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada"", 
""Department of Population Medicine Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada""))","list(URL = c(""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/zph.12890"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/zph.12890"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/zph.12890""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_2_9_2_1"", ""e_1_2_9_3_1"", ""e_1_2_9_4_1"", ""e_1_2_9_5_1"", ""e_1_2_9_6_1"", ""e_1_2_9_7_1"", ""e_1_2_9_8_1"", ""e_1_2_9_9_1"", ""e_1_2_9_10_1"", ""e_1_2_9_11_1"", ""e_1_2_9_12_1"", ""e_1_2_9_13_1"", ""e_1_2_9_14_1"", ""e_1_2_9_15_1"", ""e_1_2_9_16_1"", ""e_1_2_9_17_1"", ""e_1_2_9_18_1"", ""e_1_2_9_19_1"", ""e_1_2_9_20_1"", ""e_1_2_9_21_1"", ""e_1_2_9_22_1"", ""e_1_2_9_23_1"", ""e_1_2_9_24_1"", ""e_1_2_9_25_1"", ""e_1_2_9_26_1"", ""e_1_2_9_27_1"", ""e_1_2_9_28_1"", ""e_1_2_9_29_1"", ""e_1_2_9_30_1"", ""e_1_2_9_31_1"", ""e_1_2_9_32_1"", 
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""10.1016/j.mran.2016.07.001"", ""10.1016/S0003-3472(66)80059-3"", ""10.1098/rsif.2007.1015"", ""10.3390/ijerph10126292"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00143-4"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00189-6"", ""10.1017/S0950268813002926"", ""10.2307/1592343"", ""10.1017/S0950268801005866"", ""10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02814"", NA, ""10.3389/fmicb.2017.00487"", ""10.1111/j.1539-6924.2007.00928.x"", ""10.1051/vetres:2008038"", ""10.1051/vetres:2008026"", ""10.1093/ps/85.1.136"", ""10.1111/jam.12986"", ""10.1017/S0950268818003308"", ""10.1128/AEM.69.8.4343-4351.2003"", 
NA, ""10.1016/0304-3762(83)90013-5"", ""10.1089/fpd.2020.2834"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05038.x"", ""10.1637/11072-032315-Review"", ""10.1128/AEM.67.9.3951-3957.2001"", ""10.1017/S0950268800054571"", ""10.1101/cshperspect.a018119"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2018.02002"", NA, ""10.1093/japr/10.4.315"", ""10.1093/japr/11.4.388"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(03)00006-0"", NA, NA, ""10.1128/AEM.71.10.5765-5770.2005"", ""10.1128/AEM.01912-08"", NA, ""10.1098/rsif.2012.1018"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-061"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-73.7.1278""), volume.title = c(NA, 
NA, ""Foodborne microorganisms of public health significance"", NA, NA, ""Estimated annual costs of Campylobacter‐associated Guillain‐Barrre Syndrome"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Experimental horizontal spread of Campylobacter amongst one‐day‐old broilers"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Biosecurity recommendations for commercial poultry flocks in Ontario"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Poultry industrial manual"", ""Biosecurity: Protecting you livestock and poultry"", 
NA, NA, ""Risk assessment of Campylobacter spp. in broiler chickens"", NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, ""Australian Institute of Food Science and Technology [AIFST]"", NA, NA, ""Buzby J. C."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Jacobs‐Reitsma E. F."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Ontario Ministry of Agriculture"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Soetgert K."", NA, NA, NA, ""United States Department of Agriculture [USDA]"", ""United States Food and Drug Administration, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service [USDA]"", 
NA, NA, ""World Health Organization [WHO]"", NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, ""2003"", NA, NA, ""1997"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1996"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2016"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2010"", NA, NA, NA, ""2013"", ""2007"", NA, NA, ""2009"", NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Solving differential equations in R: Package deSolve"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""33"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Journal of Statistical Software"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1111/zph.12890","2021-09-02","en","NULL","list(date = ""2021-09-02"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crossmark_policy","list(value = c(""2021-04-27"", ""2021-07-30"", ""2021-09-02""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))","Portico",NA,"NULL",NA,"Plishka","2021","Plishka et al., 2021"
"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","2012-04-19","2018-11-23","2012-08","10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007","2024-09-04","0167-5877","4","2012-08","78","315-319","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","18","18","25","Acidification of drinking water inhibits indirect transmission, but not direct transmission of Campylobacter between broilers","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007","105",NA,"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","list(given = c(""B.A.D."", ""W.E.A."", ""J.A."", ""W.F."", ""M.C.M.""), family = c(""van Bunnik"", ""Katsma"", ""Wagenaar"", ""Jacobs-Reitsma"", ""de Jong""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587712001055?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587712001055?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0005"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0010"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0015"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0020"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0025"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0030"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0035"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0040"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0045"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0050"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0055"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007_bib0060"", 
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""Byrd"", ""EFSA"", ""Giraffa"", ""Heres"", ""Heres"", ""Jacobs-Reitsma"", ""Katsma"", ""Keeling"", ""Ribbens"", ""Saleha"", ""Savvidou"", ""Stärk"", ""Stegeman"", ""Tauxe"", NA), year = c(""2010"", ""2001"", ""2005"", ""2001"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2003"", ""2003"", ""1994"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""1998"", ""2009"", ""2000"", ""1999"", ""2002"", NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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""10.1016/S0168-1605(02)00232-5"", NA), article.title = c(NA, ""Campylobacter jejuni infections: update on emerging issues and trends"", ""The influence of whole wheat feeding on salmonella infection and gut flora composition in broilers"", ""Effect of lactic acid administration in the drinking water during preslaughter feed withdrawal on Salmonella and Campylobacter contamination of broilers"", ""Scientific Opinion on Quantification of the risk posed by broiler meat to human campylobacteriosis in the EU"", 
""Importance of lactobacilli in food and feed biotechnology"", ""Fermented liquid feed reduces susceptibility of broilers for Salmonella enteritidis"", ""Effect of fermented feed on the susceptibility for Campylobacter jejuni colonisation in broiler chickens with and without concurrent inoculation of Salmonella enteritidis"", ""The induction of quinolone resistance in Campylobacter bacteria in broilers by quinolone treatment"", ""Assessing interventions to reduce the risk of Campylobacter prevalence in broilers"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Wolfram Research, Inc., 2010. Mathematica, 7.0, Champaign, Illinois.""))","S0167587712001055",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2012-08-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"van Bunnik","2012","van Bunnik et al., 2012"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2019-03-08","2019-06-07","2019","10.1017/s0950268818003308","2025-05-13","0950-2688,1469-4409",NA,"2019","56",NA,"10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","44","44","9","The transmission dynamics of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> among broilers in semi-commercial farms in Jordan","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268818003308","147","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Campylobacter is the leading cause of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis in humans worldwide, often associated with the consumption of undercooked poultry. In Jordan, the majority of broiler chicken production occurs in semi-commercial farms, where poor housing conditions and low bio-security are likely to promote campylobacter colonisation. While several studies provided estimates of the key parameters describing the within-flock transmission dynamics of campylobacter in typical high-income countries settings, these data are not available for Jordan and Middle-East in general. A Bayesian model framework was applied to a longitudinal dataset on <jats:italic>Campylobacter jejuni</jats:italic> infection in a Jordan flock to quantify the transmission rate of <jats:italic>C. jejuni</jats:italic> in broilers within the farm, the day when the flock first became infected, and the within-flock prevalence (WFP) at clearance. Infection with <jats:italic>C. jejuni</jats:italic> is most likely to have occurred during the first 8 days of the production cycle, followed by a transmission rate value of 0.13 new infections caused by one infected bird/day (95% CI 0.11–0.17), and a WFP at clearance of 34% (95% CI 0.24–0.47). Our results differ from published studies conducted in intensive poultry production systems in high-income countries but are well aligned with the expectations obtained by means of structured questionnaires submitted to academics with expertise on campylobacter in Jordan. This study provides for the first time the most likely estimates and credible intervals of key epidemiological parameters driving the dynamics of <jats:italic>C. jejuni</jats:italic> infection in broiler production systems commonly found in Jordan and the Middle-East and could be used to inform Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment models aimed to assess the risk of human exposure/infection to campylobacter through consumption of poultry meat.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9887-6339"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""M. I."", ""I."", ""M."", ""A."", ""E."", ""D. P."", ""J."", ""M.""), family = c(""Neves"", ""Malkawi"", ""Walker"", ""Alaboudi"", ""Abu-Basha"", ""Blake"", ""Guitian"", ""Crotta""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268818003308"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268818003308_ref23"", ""S0950268818003308_ref19"", ""S0950268818003308_ref4"", ""S0950268818003308_ref9"", ""S0950268818003308_ref1"", ""S0950268818003308_ref37"", ""S0950268818003308_ref39"", ""S0950268818003308_ref36"", ""S0950268818003308_ref30"", ""S0950268818003308_ref31"", ""S0950268818003308_ref32"", ""S0950268818003308_ref3"", ""S0950268818003308_ref21"", ""S0950268818003308_ref33"", ""S0950268818003308_ref17"", ""S0950268818003308_ref20"", ""S0950268818003308_ref14"", ""S0950268818003308_ref44"", ""S0950268818003308_ref43"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Department of Statistics. Data by sector. Available at http://web.dos.gov.jo/ (Accessed April 2017)."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""ISO 10272-1:2006. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs: horizontal method for detection and enumeration of Campylobacter spp. Part 1: Detection method. Available at https://www.iso.org/standard/37091.html."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""FAO. Poultry sector country review: Jordan 2007. Available at http://www.fao.org/3/a-ai322e.pdf (Accessed April 2017).""
))","S0950268818003308","2019-03-08","en","NULL","list(date = ""2019-03-08"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 66, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Neves","2019","Neves et al., 2019"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2013-11-20","2020-08-10","2014-09","10.1017/s0950268813002926","2024-09-20","0950-2688,1469-4409","9","2013-11-20","56","1884-1892","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","20","20","10","Estimating the time at which commercial broiler flocks in Great Britain become infected with<i>Campylobacter</i>: a Bayesian approach","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268813002926","142","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>is a common cause of intestinal disease in humans and is often linked to the consumption of contaminated poultry meat. Despite considerable research on the topic there is a large amount of uncertainty associated with<jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>epidemiology. A Bayesian model framework was applied to multiple longitudinal datasets on<jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>infection in UK broiler flocks to estimate the time at which each flock was first infected with<jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>. The model results suggest that the day of first infection ranges from 10 to 45 days; however, over half had a time of infection between 30 and 35 days. When considering only those flocks which were thinned, 48% had an estimated day of infection within 2 days of the day of thinning, thus suggesting an association between thinning and<jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>infection. These results demonstrate how knowledge of the time of infection can be correlated to known events to identify potential risk factors for infection.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""A. D."", ""M. E."", ""V. M."", ""E. L.""), family = c(""GODDARD"", ""ARNOLD"", ""ALLEN"", ""SNARY""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268813002926"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268813002926_ref13"", ""S0950268813002926_ref16"", ""S0950268813002926_ref2"", ""S0950268813002926_ref18"", ""S0950268813002926_ref9"", ""S0950268813002926_ref1"", ""S0950268813002926_ref14"", ""S0950268813002926_ref19"", ""S0950268813002926_ref8"", ""S0950268813002926_ref10"", ""S0950268813002926_ref15"", ""S0950268813002926_ref20"", ""S0950268813002926_ref3"", ""S0950268813002926_ref6"", ""S0950268813002926_ref4"", ""S0950268813002926_ref11"", ""S0950268813002926_ref5"", ""S0950268813002926_ref17"", ""S0950268813002926_ref12"", 
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NA, ""10.4315/0362-028X-71.2.264"", NA, NA, ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05038.x"", ""10.1080/00071668.2010.537306""), first.page = c(NA, ""5765"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""625"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, ""Quantifying transmission of Campylobacter spp. among broilers"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Quantifying transmission of Campylobacter jejuni in commercial broiler flocks"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Comparison of different sampling strategies and laboratory methods for the detection of C. jejuni and C. coli from broiler flocks at primary production"", 
NA, NA), volume = c(NA, ""71"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""75"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, ""Van"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Van"", NA, NA, NA, ""Gelman"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Wagenaar"", ""Vidal"", NA, NA), year = c(NA, ""2005"", ""2000"", NA, NA, NA, ""2009"", NA, NA, NA, ""2003"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2012"", NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, ""Applied and Environmental Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Applied and Environmental Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Zoonoses and Public Health"", 
NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, ""A Report of the Study of Infectious Intestinal Disease in England"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bayesian Data Analysis"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Campylobacter"", NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""HPA. Campylobacter: epidemiological data (http://www.hpa.org.uk/Topics/InfectiousDiseases/InfectionsAZ/Campylobacter/EpidemiologicalData/). Accessed March 2011."", NA, ""FSA/Defra/BBSRC. Campylobacter Strategy Workshop, 12–14 October 2009."", NA, NA, NA, ""Snary EL , Kosmider R , Haq Z . Epidemiological studies and development of practical control measures for Campylobacter in broiler flocks: revising the on-farm module of a quantitative risk assessment. Project OZ0608: report to Defra, 2006."", 
""FSA. A UK survey of Campylobacter and Salmonella contamination of fresh chicken at retail sale. Food Survey Information Sheet 04/09 (http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/fsis0409.pdf). Accessed March 2011."", NA, ""FSA. Science and evidence strategy 2010–2015 (http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/publication/sciencestrategy0210.pdf). Accessed March 2011."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0950268813002926","2013-11-20","en","NULL","list(date = ""2013-11-20"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/policypage","list(value = ""Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 "", name = ""license"", label = ""License"", group.name = ""copyright_and_licensing"", group.label = ""Copyright and Licensing"")",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"GODDARD","2013","GODDARD et al., 2013"
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""Veterinary Record"", NA, ""Veterinary Record"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", NA, NA, NA, ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Bronsvoort, BMD, Alban, L and Greiner, M. 2004. An assessment of the annual likelihood of the introduction of foot and mouth disease virus and classical swine fever virus to the Danish pig population. Proceedings Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine. March24–262004, Martigny, Switzerland. pp.65–76."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Roberts, M. 1995. Evaluation of optimal size of restriction zones in disease control with particular references to classical swine fever. Proceedings of the meeting of the society for veterinary epidemiology and preventive medicine. March29–311995, Reading, UK. pp.119 1995"", NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, ""Stärk, KDC. 1998. “The role of infectious aerosols in disease transmission in pigs. In systems for preventing and control of infectious disease in pigs”. 65–89. Palmerston Thesis"", ""Stärk, KDC, Frey, J, Nicolet, J, Thür, B and Morris, RS. 1998. Assessment of aerosol transmission in the epidemiology of infectious disease in swine using air sampling and polymerase chain reaction assays. Proceedings of the the 15th International Pig Veterinary Society Congress. June5–91998, Birmingham, UK. pp.252 1998"", 
""Staubach, C, Teuffert, J and Thulke, HH. 1997. Risk Analysis and local spread mechanisms of classical swine fever. Proceedings of the 8th conference of the international society for veterinary epidemiology and economics. July1997, Paris, France. pp.06.12.1–06.12.3. 1997"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Westergaard, JM. Epidemiology of classical swine fever. Proceedings of Workshop on diagnostic procedures and measures to control classical swine fever in domestic pigs and the European wild boar. Poland. pp.119–130. Pulaway, Poland: National Veterinary Research Institute."", 
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""Determination of the onset of the herd-immunity induced by the E2 sub-unit vaccine against classical swine fever virus"", ""Neighbourhood infections of classical swine fever during the 1997–1998 epidemic in The Netherlands"", ""Transmission of classical swine fever virus by artificial insemination"", ""Chimeric (marker) C-strain viruses induce clinical protection against virulent classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and reduce transmission of CSFV between vaccinated pigs"", ""Airborne transmission of classical swine fever virus under experimental conditions"", 
""Comparison of viraemia- and clinical-based estimates of within- and between-pen transmission of classical swine fever virus from three transmission experiments"", ""Factors associated with the introduction of classical swine fever virus into pig herds in the central area of the 1997/1998 epidemic in The Netherlands"", ""The classical swine fever epidemic 1997–1998 in the Netherlands: descriptive epidemiology"", ""Potential animal health hazards of pork and pork products"", NA, ""Detection of classical swine fever virus in semen of infected boars"", 
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""A model to estimate the financial consequences of classical swine fever outbreaks: principles and outcomes"", ""Risk analysis of the spread of classical swine fever virus through “neighbourhood infections” for different regions in Belgium"", ""Spatial and stochastic simulation to evaluate the impact of events and control measures on the 1997–1998 classical swine fever epidemic in The Netherlands II. Comparison of control strategies"", NA, NA, ""An experimental infection (II) to investigate the importance of indirect classical swine fever virus transmission by excretions and secretions of infected weaner pigs"", 
""Evidence of indirect transmission of classical swine fever virus through contacts with people"", ""Epidemiology of the 2000 CSF outbreak in East Anglia: preliminary findings"", ""The role of infectious aerosols in disease transmission in pigs"", ""Rate of inter-herd transmission of classical swine fever virus by different types of contact during the 1997–1998 epidemic in The Netherlands"", ""Epizootiology of hog cholera"", ""Classical swine fever (CSF) marker vaccine. Trial I. Challenge studies in weaner pigs"", 
""Effect of strain and inoculation dose of classical swine fever virus on within-pen transmission"", ""Transmission of classical swine fever virus depends on the clinical course of infection which is associated with high and low levels of virus excretion"", ""Detection and quantification of classical swine fever virus in air samples originating from infected pigs and experimentally produced aerosols"", ""Survival of classical swine fever virus at various temperatures in faeces and urine derived from experimentally infected pigs"", 
""Dynamics of virus excretion via different routes in pigs experimentally infected with classical swine fever virus strains of high, moderate or low virulence"", ""Quantification of classical swine fever virus in aerosols originating from pigs infected with strains of high, moderate or low virulence"", ""Limited BVDV transmission and full protection against CSFV transmission in pigs experimentally infected with BVDV type 1b"", ""Outbreaks of classical swine fever in Great Britain in 1986""), volume = c(""160"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Statistical Methods in Biological Assay"", NA, NA, NA, ""Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Guide to using @Risk. Risk Analysis and Simulation Add-In for Microsoft Excel, Version 4.5.3"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Classical Swine Fever and Related Viral Infections"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0167587710003338",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2011-02-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Weesendorp","2011","Weesendorp et al., 2011"
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""DEFRA/DCMS, 2002. Economic cost of foot and mouth disease in the UK. Joint Working Paper of the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and the Department of Culture, Media and Sport, March 2002. http://www.defra.gov.uk/corporate/inquiries/lessons/fmdeconcost.pdf."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Law, A.W., Kelton, W.D. (Eds.), 1991. Simulation Modeling and Analysis. McGraw-Hill, Singapore."", ""LNV, 2000. Regeling varkensleveringen, Ministerie van landbouw, natuurbeheer en visserij, Den Haag (in Dutch). http://www.minlnv.nl/thema/dier/varken/levering."", 
""Mangen, M.-J.J., 2002. Economic welfare analysis of simulated control strategies for classical swine fever epidemics. Ph.D. Thesis. Welfare effects of controlling the 97/98 classical swine fever epidemic in The Netherlands. Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands, Chapter 4, pp. 67–91."", NA, ""Mourits, M.C.M., Nielen, M., Léon, C.D., 2001. Quantification of high-risk contacts between Dutch pig farms. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, March 28–30, 2001."", 
NA, ""Noordhuizen, J.P.T.M., Frankena, K., van der Hoofd, C.M., Graat, E.A.M. (Eds.), 1997. Application of Quantitative Methods in Veterinary Epidemiology. Wageningen Pers, Wageningen."", ""RVV, 2000. Draaiboek—Klassieke varkenspest, Version 3.0. Rijksdienst voor de keuring van vee en vlees (RVV), Voorburg (in Dutch)."", ""Sanson, R.L., 1993. The development of a decision support system for an animal disease emergency. Ph.D. Thesis. Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 264 pp."", ""Staubach, C., Teuffert, J., Thulke, H.H., 1997. Risk analysis and local spread mechanisms of classical swine fever. In: Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Paris, France, July 8–11, 1997, pp. 06.12.1–06.12.3."", 
""Stegeman, A., Elbers, A.R.W., Moser, H., De Smit, H., Bouma, A., De Jong, M.C.M., 1998. Rate of transmission of classical swine fever virus between herds by various routes. In: Proceedings of the 15th IPVS Congress, Birmingham, UK, July 5–9, 1998, p. 269."", NA, NA), issue = c(NA, NA, ""1–2"", NA, NA, NA, ""1"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""3"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2"", ""Suppl.""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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""Quantitative assessment of clinical signs for the detection of classical swine fever outbreaks during an epidemic"", ""Classical swine fever and avian influenza epidemics: lessons learned"", ""Virulence of classical swine fever virus isolates from Europe and other areas during 1996 until 2007"", ""Towards licensing of CP7_E2alf as marker vaccine against classical swine fever—duration of immunity"", ""Data‐driven risk assessment from small scale epidemics: estimation and model choice for spatio‐temporal data with application to a classical swine fever outbreak"", 
NA, ""Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection decreases the efficacy of an attenuated classical swine fever virus (CSFV) vaccine"", ""Oral vaccination against classical swine fever with a chimeric Pestivirus: comparative investigations of liquid and lyophilized virus"", NA, ""Within‐ and between‐pen transmission of Classical Swine Fever Virus: a new method to estimate the basic reproduction ratio from transmission experiments"", ""CP7_E2alf: a safe and efficient marker vaccine strain for oral immunisation of wild boar against Classical swine fever virus (CSFV)"", 
""Scientific review on Classical Swine Fever"", ""An experimental infection with a classical swine fever virus in weaner pigs: II. The use of serological data to estimate the day of virus introduction in natural outbreaks"", ""Modified live marker vaccine candidate CP7_E2alf provides early onset of protection against lethal challenge infection with classical swine fever virus after both intramuscular and oral immunization"", ""Pigs immunized with a novel E2 subunit vaccine are protected from subgenotype heterologous classical swine fever virus challenge"", 
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""A simulation model to determine sensitivity and timeliness of surveillance strategies"", ""Surveillance strategies for Classical Swine Fever in wild boar–a comprehensive evaluation study to ensure powerful surveillance"", ""Transmission of classical swine fever virus by artificial insemination"", NA, ""Transmission of classical swine fever virus within herds during the 1997‐1998 epidemic in The Netherlands"", ""Situation‐based surveillance: adapting investigations to actual epidemic situations"", ""Application of a commercial real‐time RT‐PCR assay for surveillance of classical swine fever: evaluation by testing sequential tissue and blood samples"", 
NA, ""Classical swine fever (CSF) marker vaccine: trial I. Challenge studies in weaner pigs"", ""Effect of strain and inoculation dose of classical swine fever virus on within‐pen transmission"", ""Dynamics of virus excretion via different routes in pigs experimentally infected with classical swine fever virus strains of high, moderate or low virulence"", ""Transmission of classical swine fever virus depends on the clinical course of infection which is associated with high and low levels of virus excretion"", 
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    ""Relationships between the shedding of Coxiella burnetii, clinical signs and serological responses of 34 sheep"", NA, NA, ""Assessing economic consequences of foot disorders in dairy cattle using a dynamic stochastic simulation model"", ""Spread of Q fever within dairy cattle herds: key parameters inferred using a Bayesian approach"", ""Lacteal and placental excretion of Coxiella burnetti, agent of Q fever, in the cow. Importance and prevention"", ""Sensitivity analysis to identify key-parameters in modelling the spread of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in a dairy herd"", 
    ""Diagnosis of Q fever"", ""Shedding routes of Coxiella burnetii in dairy cows: implications for detection and control"", ""Q fever: clinical manifestations and treatment"", ""Coxiella burnetii shedding by dairy cows"", ""The effect of superspreading on epidemic outbreak size distributions"", ""Reduction of Coxiella burnetii prevalence by vaccination of goats and sheep, the Netherlands"", NA, ""Less plans factoriels"", ""An outbreak of sheep-associated Q fever in a rural community in Germany"", ""The effect of heterogeneous infectious period and contagiousness on the dynamics of Salmonella transmission in dairy cattle"", 
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    ""Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for crop models"", ""Q expérimentale des bovins"", ""Fièvre Q expérimentale des bovins"", ""Q fever 1985–1998. Clinical and epidemiologic features of 1383 infections"", ""Comparison of Coxiella burnetii shedding in milk of dairy bovine, caprine, and ovine herds"", NA, ""Efficiency of a phase 1 vaccine for the reduction of vaginal Coxiella burnetii shedding in a clinically affected goat herd"", NA, ""The use of a geographic information system to identify a dairy goat farm as the most likely source of an urban Q-fever outbreak"", 
    NA, ""Airborne Q fever"", ""A semi-stochastic model of the transmission of Escherichia coli O157 in a typical UK dairy herd: dynamics, sensitivity analysis and intervention/prevention strategies"", ""Q fever in the Netherlands: an update on the epidemiology and control measures"", ""Milk quality assurance for paratuberculosis: simulation of within-herd infection dynamics and economics"", NA, ""Q fever outbreak in Cheltenham, United Kingdom, in 2007 and the use of dispersion modelling to investigate the possibility of airborne spread""
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    NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Taurel, A.F., Guatteo, R., Joly, A., Seegers, H., Beaudeau, F., Q fever within-herd seroprevalence in infected dairy herds: assessment using an ELISA applied to bulk tank milk. 〈http://www.svepm.org.uk/posters/2010/Taurel_Q%20fever%20within-herd%20seroprevalence%20in%20infected%20dairy%20herd_assessment%20using%20an%20ELISA%20applied%20to%20bulk%20tan.pdf〉. Accessed on 17/08/2010."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""P. Vellema, R. Van den Brom, D. Dercksen, L. Moll, H.J. Roest, Q fever in the Netherlands: one health in relation to Q fever, in humans and animals. 〈www.minlnv.nl/txmpub/files/?p_file_id=2000277〉. Accessed on 17/08/2010."", 
    NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Design of comparative experiments"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Modeling infectious diseases in Humans and animals"", ""Plans d’expériences: applications à l’entreprise"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Working with Dynamic Crop Models, Evaluation, Analysis, Parameterization, and Applications"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing"", NA, ""Sensitivity Analysis"", NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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""Roest HI, Tilburg JJ, van der Hoek W, Vellema P, van Zijderveld FG, Klaassen CH, Raoult D (2011) The Q fever epidemic in The Netherlands: history, onset, response and reflection. Epidemiol Infect 139:1–12"", ""Hässig M, Lubsen J (1998) Relationship between abortions and seroprevalences to selected infectious agents in dairy cows. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 45:435–441"", ""Arricau-Bouvery N, Rodolakis A (2005) Is Q fever an emerging or re-emerging zoonosis? Vet Res 36:327–349"", ""Guatteo R, Seegers H, Taurel AF, Joly A, Beaudeau F (2011) Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in domestic ruminants: a critical review. Vet Microbiol 149:1–16"", 
""Murphy FA (1998) Emerging zoonoses. Emerg Infect Dis 4:429–435"", ""Guatteo R, Beaudeau F, Joly A, Seegers H (2007) Coxiella burnetii shedding by dairy cows. Vet Res 38:849–860"", ""Courcoul A, Monod H, Nielen M, Klinkenberg D, Hogerwerf L, Beaudeau F, Vergu E (2011) Modelling the effect of heterogeneity of shedding on the within herd Coxiella burnetii spread and identification of key parameters by sensitivity analysis. J Theor Biol 284:130–141"", ""Tissot-Dupont H, Amadei MA, Nezri M, Raoult D (2004) Wind in November, Q fever in December. Emerg Infect Dis 10:1264–1269"", 
""Tissot-Dupont H, Torres S, Nezri M, Raoult D (1999) Hyperendemic focus of Q fever related to sheep and wind. Am J Epidemiol 150:67–74"", ""Hawker JI, Ayres JG, Blair I, Evans MR, Smith DL, Smith EG, Burge PS, Carpenter MJ, Caul EO, Coupland B, Desselberger U, Farrell ID, Saunders PJ, Wood MJ (1998) A large outbreak of Q fever in the West Midlands: windborne spread into a metropolitan area? Commun Dis Public Health 1:180–187"", ""EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) (2010) Scientific opinion on Q fever. EFSA J 8:114"", 
""Angelakis E, Raoult D (2010) Q Fever. Vet Microbiol 140:297–309"", ""Ladbury GA, Van Leuken JP, Swart A, Vellema P, Schimmer B, Ter Schegget R, Van der Hoek W (2015) Integrating interdisciplinary methodologies for One Health: goat farm re-implicated as the probable source of an urban Q fever outbreak, the Netherlands, 2009. BMC Infect Dis 15:372"", ""van Leuken JP, van de Kassteele J, Sauter FJ, van der Hoek W, Heederik D, Havelaar AH, Swart AN (2015) Improved correlation of human Q fever incidence to modelled C. burnetii concentrations by means of an atmospheric dispersion model. Int J Health Geogr 14:14"", 
""Nusinovici S, Hoch T, Widgren S, Joly A, Lindberg A, Beaudeau F (2014) Relative contributions of neighbourhood and animal movements to Coxiella burnetii infection in dairy cattle herds. Geospat Health 8:471–477"", ""Nusinovici S, Frössling J, Widgren S, Beaudeau F, Lindberg A (2015) Q fever infection in dairy cattle herds: increased risk with high wind speed and low precipitation. Epidemiol Infect 143:3316–3326"", ""European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts www.ecmwf.int . Accessed Aug 2013"", 
""Guatteo R, Seegers H, Joly A, Beaudeau F (2008) Prevention of Coxiella burnetii shedding in infected dairy herds using a phase I C. burnetii inactivated vaccine. Vaccine 26:4320–4328"", ""Guatteo R, Beaudeau F, Joly A, Seegers H (2007) Performances of an ELISA applied to serum and milk for the detection of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii in dairy cattle. Rev Med Vet 158:250–252"", ""Courcoul A, Vergu E, Denis JB, Beaudeau F (2010) Spread of Q fever within dairy cattle herds: key parameters inferred using a Bayesian approach. Proc Biol Sci 277:2857–2865"", 
""Jones RM, Nicas M, Hubbard AE, Reingold AL (2006) The infectious dose of Coxiella burnetii (Q fever). Appl Biosaf 11:32–41"", ""McCaul TF, Williams JC (1981) Developmental cycle of Coxiella burnetii structure and morphogenesis of vegetative and sporogenic differentiations. J Bacteriol 147:1063–1076"", ""Ermak DL (1967) An analytical model for air pollutant transport and deposition from a point source. Atmos Environ 11:231–237"", ""Stockie JM (2011) The mathematics of atmospheric dispersion modeling. Siam Rev 53:349–372"", 
""Taurel AF, Guatteo R, Joly A, Beaudeau F (2012) Relationship between the level of antibodies in bulk tank milk and the within-herd seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in cows. Epidemiol Infect 140:1710–1713"", ""Greiner M, Pfeiffer D, Smith RD (2000) Principles and practical application of the receiver-operating characteristic analysis for diagnostic tests. Prev Vet Med 45:23–41"", ""Green DM, Kiss IZ, Kao RR (2006) Modelling the initial spread of foot-and-mouth disease through animal movements. Proc Biol Sci 273:2729–2735"", 
""Courcoul A, Ezanno P (2010) Modelling the spread of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) in a managed metapopulation of cattle herds. Vet Microbiol 142:119–128"", ""Green DM, Kiss IZ, Mitchell AP, Kao RR (2008) Estimates for local and movement-based transmission of bovine tuberculosis in British cattle. Proc Biol Sci 275:1001–1005"", ""Gloster J, Champion HJ, Mansley LM, Romero P, Brough T, Ramirez A (2005) The 2001 epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease in the United Kingdom: epidemiological and meteorological case studies. Vet Rec 156:793–803"", 
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""Tildesley MJ, Deardon R, Savill NJ, Bessell PR, Brooks SP, Woolhouse ME, Grenfell BT, Keeling MJ (2008) Accuracy of models for the 2001 foot-and-mouth epidemic. Proc Biol Sci 275:1459–1468"", ""Dutta BL, Ezanno P, Vergu E (2014) Characteristics of the spatio-temporal network of cattle movements in France over a 5-year period. Prev Vet Med 117:79–94"", ""Taurel AF, Guatteo R, Joly A, Beaudeau F (2012) Effectiveness of vaccination and antibiotics to control Coxiella burnetii shedding around calving in dairy cows. Vet Microbiol 159:432–437"", 
""World Health Organization. Infection prevention and control of epidemic-and pandemic-prone acute respiratory diseases in health care. WHO interim guidelines; 2007"", ""Schimmer B, Ter Schegget R, Wegdam M, Züchner L, de Bruin A, Schneeberger PM, Veenstra T, Vellema P, van der Hoek W (2010) The use of a geographic information system to identify a dairy goat farm as the most likely source of an urban Q-fever outbreak. BMC Infect Dis 10:69"", ""Godin M, Bryan AK, Burg TP, Babcock K, Manalis SR (2007) Measuring the mass, density, and size of particles and cells using a suspended microchannel resonator. Appl Phys Lett 91:123121"", 
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            Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by
            <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii</jats:italic>
            . Although ruminants are recognized as the most important source of human infection, no previous studies have focused on assessing the characteristics of the bacterial spread within a cattle herd and no epidemic model has been proposed in this context. We assess the key epidemiological parameters from field data in a Bayesian framework that takes into account the available knowledge, missing data and the uncertainty of the observation process owing to the imperfection of diagnostic tests. We propose an original individual-based Markovian model in discrete time describing the evolution of the infection for each animal. Markov chain Monte Carlo methodology is used to estimate parameters of interest from data consisting of individual health states of 217 cows of five chronically infected dairy herds sampled every week for a four-week period. Outputs are the posterior distributions of the probabilities of transition between health states and of the environmental bacterial load. Our findings show that some herds are characterized by a very low infection risk while others have a mild infection risk and a non-negligible intermittent shedding probability. Moreover, the antibody status seems to be a key point in the bacterial spread (shedders with antibodies shed for a longer period of time than shedders without antibodies). In addition to the biological insights, these estimates also provide information for calibrating simulation models to assess control strategies for
            <jats:italic>C. burnetii</jats:italic>
            infection.
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"Veterinary Research","2013-04-26","2013-05-07","2013","10.1186/1297-9716-44-28","2024-08-06","1297-9716","1","2013","297","28","10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","14","14","15","Dairy goat demography and Q fever infection dynamics","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-44-28","44",NA,"Vet Res,Veterinary Research","list(given = c(""Lenny"", ""Aurélie"", ""Don"", ""François"", ""Elisabeta"", ""Mirjam""), family = c(""Hogerwerf"", ""Courcoul"", ""Klinkenberg"", ""Beaudeau"", ""Vergu"", ""Nielen""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","NULL","list(key = c(""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B1"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B2"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B3"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B5"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B9"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B10"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B11"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B12"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B13"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B14"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B15"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B16"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B19"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-28-B21""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
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NA, NA, NA, ""New numerical simulations for some real world problems with Atangana–Baleanu fractional derivative"", ""Certain fractional integrals and solutions of fractional kinetic equations involving the product of s-function"", ""Fractional calculus in the sky"", ""A fractional order SEIR model with vertical transmission"", ""A fractional calculus based model for the simulation of an outbreak of dengue fever"", ""A fractional order epidemic model for the simulation of outbreaks of influenza a (H1N1)"", 
""A fractional-order model of HIV infection with drug therapy effect"", ""On a fractional order Ebola epidemic model"", ""A latency fractional order model for HIV dynamics"", ""HIV/HCV coinfection model: a fractional-order perspective for the effect of the HIV viral load"", ""Stability of a fractional HIV/AIDS model"", ""Mathematical analysis of SIRD model of COVID-19 with Caputo fractional derivative based on real data"", ""Modeling, analysis and numerical solution to malaria fractional model with temporary immunity and relapse"", 
""Caputo fractional-order SEIRP model for COVID-19 pandemic"", ""A new definition of fractional derivative without singular kernel"", ""New fractional derivatives with nonlocal and non-singular kernel: theory and application to heat transfer model"", ""Dynamics of Ebola disease in the framework of different fractional derivatives"", ""Modelling the spread of Ebola virus with Atangana-Baleanu fractional operators"", ""New numerical approximation of fractional derivative with non-local and non-singular kernel: application to chaotic models"", 
""New approaches to the fractional dynamics of schistosomiasis disease model"", ""Two-strain epidemic model involving fractional derivative with Mittag-Leffler kernel"", ""Classical and contemporary fractional operators for modeling diarrhea transmission dynamics under real statistical data"", ""Modeling chickenpox disease with fractional derivatives: from Caputo to Atangana-Baleanu"", ""Non-seasonal and seasonal relapse model for q fever disease with comprehensive cost-effectiveness analysis"", ""Q fever: a zoonosis"", 
""Q fever studies in the USSR"", ""Rickettsial agents in egyptian ticks collected from domestic animals"", ""Coxiella burnetii in ticks, Argentina"", ""Application of optimal control to the epidemiology of malaria"", ""Modelling of rabies transmission dynamics using optimal control analysis"", ""Mathematical analysis of the global dynamics of a HTLV-I infection model, considering the role of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes"", ""Reproduction numbers of infectious disease models"", ""Mathematics of a sex-structured model for syphilis transmission dynamics"", 
""Re-infection-induced backward bifurcation in the transmission dynamics of Chlamydia trachomatis"", ""Causes of backward bifurcations in some epidemiological models"", ""Differential characteristics of primary infection and re-infection can cause backward bifurcation in HCV transmission dynamics"", ""Backward bifurcation and sensitivity analysis for bacterial meningitis transmission dynamics with a nonlinear recovery rate"", ""Backward bifurcations in dengue transmission dynamics"", ""Modelling malaria dynamics with partial immunity and protected travellers: optimal control and cost-effectiveness analysis"", 
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))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Asamoah","2022","Asamoah et al., 2022"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2008-03-17","2020-05-03","2009-01","10.1017/s0950268808000320","2023-10-05","0950-2688,1469-4409","1","2008-03-17","56","114-123","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","37","37","8","Transmission and quantification of verocytotoxin-producing<i>Escherichia coli</i>O157 in dairy cattle and calves","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268808000320","137","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>Data from a field study of 14 months duration in a naturally colonized dairy herd and data from an experiment with calves were used to quantify transmission of verocytotoxin-producing<jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic>(VTEC O157) in cattle. For the latter, two groups of 10 calves were randomly assigned and put out in one of two pastures. From each group, five animals were experimentally inoculated with 10<jats:sup>9</jats:sup>c.f.u. O157 VTEC and, considered infectious, put back in their group. Each of the susceptible contact calves became positive within 6 days of being reunited. The estimate of the basic reproduction ratio (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>) in the experiment was 7·3 (95% CI 3·92–11·5), indicating that each infectious calf will infect seven other calves on average during an assumed infectious period of 28 days in a fully susceptible population. The<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>among dairy cows appeared to be about 10 times lower (0·70, 95% CI 0·48–1·04). After the transmission experiment, six contact-infected animals that were shedding continuously during the experiment were housed in a tie stall during winter. After 40 days, all six tested negative for O157 VTEC. In June, after a period of 34 weeks in which the heifers remained negative, they were put out in a clean and isolated pasture to observe whether they started shedding again. On each pasture that was infected with O157 VTEC during the transmission experiment the previous summer, newly purchased susceptible calves were placed. None of the heifers or calves started shedding during 14 weeks, indicating that both the heifers and the previously contaminated pasture did not function as reservoir of O157 VTEC.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""J. M."", ""E. A. M."", ""K."", ""F."", ""M. C. M.""), family = c(""SCHOUTEN"", ""GRAAT"", ""FRANKENA"", ""VAN ZIJDERVELD"", ""DE JONG""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268808000320"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268808000320_ref033"", ""S0950268808000320_ref019"", ""S0950268808000320_ref009"", ""S0950268808000320_ref035"", ""S0950268808000320_ref011"", ""S0950268808000320_ref028"", ""S0950268808000320_ref015"", ""S0950268808000320_ref025"", ""S0950268808000320_ref037"", ""S0950268808000320_ref031"", ""S0950268808000320_ref020"", ""S0950268808000320_ref006"", ""S0950268808000320_ref004"", ""S0950268808000320_ref001"", ""S0950268808000320_ref027"", ""S0950268808000320_ref021"", ""S0950268808000320_ref012"", ""S0950268808000320_ref008"", 
""S0950268808000320_ref026"", ""S0950268808000320_ref036"", ""S0950268808000320_ref010"", ""S0950268808000320_ref014"", ""S0950268808000320_ref022"", ""S0950268808000320_ref007"", ""S0950268808000320_ref023"", ""S0950268808000320_ref024"", ""S0950268808000320_ref005"", ""S0950268808000320_ref016"", ""S0950268808000320_ref030"", ""S0950268808000320_ref032"", ""S0950268808000320_ref002"", ""S0950268808000320_ref017"", ""S0950268808000320_ref013"", ""S0950268808000320_ref029"", ""S0950268808000320_ref003"", ""S0950268808000320_ref018"", 
""S0950268808000320_ref034""), first.page = c(""195"", NA, NA, ""58"", ""92"", NA, NA, NA, ""332"", NA, ""27"", NA, NA, NA, ""33"", ""1586"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""985"", NA, ""1290"", NA, NA, NA, ""223"", NA, NA, NA, ""3480"", ""1519"", ""1"", NA, NA), volume.title = c(""Escherichia coli O157 in Farm Animals"", NA, NA, NA, ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Other Shiga-toxin Producing E. coli Strains"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Analysis of Infectious Disease Data"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Other Shiga-toxin Producing E. coli Strains"", NA, NA), author = c(""Stewart"", NA, NA, ""Looper"", ""Meng"", NA, NA, NA, ""Donkersgoed"", NA, ""Brown"", NA, NA, NA, ""Kermack"", ""Cray"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Wells"", NA, ""Zhao"", NA, NA, NA, ""Becker"", NA, NA, NA, ""Heuvelink"", ""Faith"", ""O'Brien"", NA, NA), year = c(""1999"", NA, NA, ""2003"", ""1998"", NA, NA, NA, ""1999"", NA, ""1997"", NA, NA, NA, ""1991"", ""1995"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1991"", NA, ""1995"", NA, NA, NA, 
""1989"", NA, NA, NA, ""1998"", ""1996"", ""1998"", NA, NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(NA, ""10.4315/0362-028X-62.4.307"", 
""10.1097/00006454-199908000-00011"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/0264-410X(94)90229-1"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.010"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(03)00006-0"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268899002757"", ""10.1128/AEM.63.1.27-32.1997"", ""10.1056/NEJM199409013310904"", ""10.1016/0140-6736(91)93092-N"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb00805.x"", NA, ""10.1128/AEM.61.4.1586-1590.1995"", ""10.1017/S0950268800057162"", ""10.1086/515323"", ""10.1073/pnas.0503776103"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-64.12.1899"", ""10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036079"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.03.004"", 
""10.1128/JCM.29.5.985-989.1991"", ""10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a017914"", ""10.1128/AEM.61.4.1290-1293.1995"", ""10.1017/S0950268803001705"", ""10.1093/infdis/168.3.792"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.01.026"", NA, ""10.1016/S0378-1135(99)00106-6"", ""10.1128/CMR.2.1.15"", ""10.1017/S0950268896007212"", ""10.1128/JCM.36.12.3480-3487.1998"", ""10.1128/AEM.62.5.1519-1525.1996"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268896007194"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.08.007""), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Escherichia coli and Salmonella in beef cattle grazing tall fescue"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""The prevalence of verotoxins, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella in the feces and rumen of cattle at processing"", NA, ""Experimental Escherichia coli O157:H7 carriage in calves"", NA, NA, NA, ""Contributions to the mathematical theory of epidemics. I. 1927 (classical article)"", ""Experimental infection of calves and adult cattle with Escherichia coli O157:H7"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Isolation of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 and other shiga-like-toxin-producing E. coli from dairy cattle"", 
NA, ""Prevalence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a survey of dairy herds"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Occurrence of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 on Dutch dairy farms"", ""Prevalence and clonal nature of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on dairy farms in Wisconsin"", NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, ""509"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""40"", NA, ""63"", NA, NA, NA, ""53"", ""61"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""29"", NA, ""61"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""36"", ""62"", NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, 
NA, NA, ""Arkansas Experiment Station Research Series"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Canadian Veterinary Journal"", NA, ""Applied Environmental Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA, ""Bulletin of Mathemathical Biology"", ""Applied Environmental Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", NA, ""Applied Environmental Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Applied Environmental Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA))","S0950268808000320","2008-03-17","en","NULL","list(date = ""2008-03-17"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"SCHOUTEN","2008","SCHOUTEN et al., 2008"
"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","2016-07-12","2022-02-23","2016-09-15","10.1128/aem.00815-16","2025-02-21","0099-2240,1098-5336","18","2016-09-15","235","5612-5620","10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","42","42","5","Basic Reproduction Number and Transmission Dynamics of Common Serogroups of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00815-16","82","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
          <jats:p>
            Understanding the transmission dynamics of pathogens is essential to determine the epidemiology, ecology, and ways of controlling enterohemorrhagic
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Escherichia coli</jats:named-content>
            (EHEC) in animals and their environments. Our objective was to estimate the epidemiological fitness of common EHEC strains in cattle populations. For that purpose, we developed a Markov chain model to characterize the dynamics of 7 serogroups of enterohemorrhagic
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Escherichia coli</jats:named-content>
            (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157) in cattle production environments based on a set of cross-sectional data on infection prevalence in 2 years in two U.S. states. The basic reproduction number (
            <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>
            <jats:sub>0</jats:sub>
            ) was estimated using a Bayesian framework for each serogroup based on two criteria (using serogroup alone [the O-group data] and using O serogroup, Shiga toxin gene[s], and intimin [
            <jats:italic>eae</jats:italic>
            ] gene together [the EHEC data]). In addition, correlations between external covariates (e.g., location, ambient temperature, dietary, and probiotic usage) and prevalence/
            <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>
            <jats:sub>0</jats:sub>
            were quantified.
            <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>
            <jats:sub>0</jats:sub>
            estimates varied substantially among different EHEC serogroups, with EHEC O157 having an
            <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>
            <jats:sub>0</jats:sub>
            of &gt;1 (∼1.5) and all six other EHEC serogroups having an
            <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>
            <jats:sub>0</jats:sub>
            of less than 1. Using the O-group data substantially increased
            <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>
            <jats:sub>0</jats:sub>
            estimates for the O26, O45, and O103 serogroups (
            <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>
            <jats:sub>0</jats:sub>
            &gt; 1) but not for the others. Different covariates had distinct influences on different serogroups: the coefficients for each covariate were different among serogroups. Our modeling and analysis of this system can be readily expanded to other pathogen systems in order to estimate the pathogen and external factors that influence spread of infectious agents.
          </jats:p>
          <jats:p>
            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE</jats:bold>
            In this paper we describe a Bayesian modeling framework to estimate basic reproduction numbers of multiple serotypes of Shiga toxin-producing
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Escherichia coli</jats:named-content>
            according to a cross-sectional study. We then coupled a compartmental model to reconstruct the infection dynamics of these serotypes and quantify their risk in the population. We incorporated different sensitivity levels of detecting different serotypes and evaluated their potential influence on the estimation of basic reproduction numbers.
          </jats:p>","Appl Environ Microbiol","list(given = c(""Shi"", ""Michael W."", ""Chihoon"", ""Natalia"", ""David G."", ""Cristina""), family = c(""Chen"", ""Sanderson"", ""Lee"", ""Cernicchiaro"", ""Renter"", ""Lanzas""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA"", NA, ""School of Business, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA"", NA, NA, NA), affiliation2.name = c(""Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA"", 
NA, ""Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"", NA, NA, NA), affiliation.name = c(NA, ""Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA"", NA, ""Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA"", ""Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA"", ""Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA""
))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.00815-16"", ""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.00815-16""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_3_3_2_2"", ""e_1_3_3_3_2"", ""e_1_3_3_4_2"", ""e_1_3_3_5_2"", ""e_1_3_3_6_2"", ""e_1_3_3_7_2"", ""e_1_3_3_8_2"", ""e_1_3_3_9_2"", ""e_1_3_3_10_2"", ""e_1_3_3_11_2"", ""e_1_3_3_12_2"", ""e_1_3_3_13_2"", ""e_1_3_3_14_2"", ""e_1_3_3_15_2"", ""e_1_3_3_16_2"", ""e_1_3_3_17_2"", ""e_1_3_3_18_2"", ""e_1_3_3_19_2"", ""e_1_3_3_20_2"", ""e_1_3_3_21_2"", ""e_1_3_3_22_2"", ""e_1_3_3_23_2"", ""e_1_3_3_24_2"", ""e_1_3_3_25_2"", ""e_1_3_3_26_2"", ""e_1_3_3_27_2"", ""e_1_3_3_28_2"", ""e_1_3_3_29_2"", ""e_1_3_3_30_2"", ""e_1_3_3_31_2"", ""e_1_3_3_32_2"", 
""e_1_3_3_33_2"", ""e_1_3_3_34_2"", ""e_1_3_3_35_2"", ""e_1_3_3_36_2"", ""e_1_3_3_37_2"", ""e_1_3_3_38_2"", ""e_1_3_3_39_2"", ""e_1_3_3_40_2"", ""e_1_3_3_41_2"", ""e_1_3_3_42_2"", ""e_1_3_3_43_2""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1056/NEJM199508103330608"", ""10.3201/eid1701.P11101"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-70.10.2426"", ""10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a017914"", ""10.1080/20014091096701"", ""10.1073/pnas.97.7.2999"", ""10.1089/fpd.2013.1526"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-66.11.1978"", ""10.1089/fpd.2015.1987"", ""10.1017/S0950268806007722"", 
NA, ""10.1073/pnas.0903423106"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0120772"", ""10.1128/AEM.01221-10"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.080"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.09.012"", ""10.1098/rsif.2005.0042"", ""10.1007/978-0-387-45972-1"", ""10.1017/S0950268805004590"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2009.10.002"", ""10.1128/AEM.01343-10"", ""10.1016/S0040-5809(03)00104-7"", ""10.2307/1428186"", NA, ""10.1214/08-BA328"", ""10.1111/j.0006-341X.2000.01030.x"", ""10.1016/j.jspi.2004.10.008"", ""10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00826.x"", ""10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.2023"", 
""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.09.009"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(03)00050-3"", ""10.1016/j.mimet.2014.06.020"", ""10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112510"", ""10.1186/1471-2334-7-91"", ""10.1371/journal.pntd.0000458"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-10-95"", ""10.1264/jsme2.23.153"", ""10.1128/microbiolspec.EHEC-0021-2013"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.08.003"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.08.008"", ""10.1016/j.apm.2012.03.029"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-236""), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Infectious disease in humans"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Extinction and quasi-stationarity in the stochastic logistic SIS model"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Anderson R"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Nasell I"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1992"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2001"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Anderson R, May R. 1992. Infectious disease in humans. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Nasell I. 2001. Extinction and quasi-stationarity in the stochastic logistic SIS model. Springer, New York, NY."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1128/AEM.00815-16",NA,"en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/100000199"", name = ""U.S. Department of Agriculture"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", award = ""2012-68003-30155"", id.id = ""10.13039/100000199"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = ""2016-09-15"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"")","https://doi.org/10.1128/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","list(value = c(""2016-03-14"", ""2016-07-01"", ""2016-08-30""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Chen","2016","Chen et al., 2016"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2007-01-15","2025-01-12","2007-11","10.1017/s0950268806007722","2025-01-13","0950-2688,1469-4409","8","2007-01-15","56","1316-1323","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","28","28","7","Modelling the epidemiology and transmission of Verocytotoxin-producing<i>Escherichia coli</i>serogroups O26 and O103 in two different calf cohorts","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268806007722","135","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>Mathematical models are constructed to investigate the population dynamics of Verocytotoxin-producing<jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic>(VTEC) serogroups O26 and O103 in two different calf cohorts. We compare the epidemiological characteristics of these two serogroups within the same calf cohort as well as the same serogroups between the two calf cohorts. The sources of infection are quantified for both calf cohort studies. VTEC serogroups O26 and O103 mainly differ in the rate at which calves acquire infection from sources other than infected calves, while infected calves typically remain infectious for less than 1 week regardless of the serogroups. Fewer than 20% of VTEC-positive samples are the result of calf-to-calf transmission. PFGE typing data are available for VTEC-positive samples to further subdivide the serogroup data in one of the two calf cohort studies. For serogroup O26 but not O103, there is evidence for unequal environmental exposure to infection with different PFGE types.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""W.-C."", ""D. J."", ""L."", ""D. V."", ""M. C."", ""C. M."", ""J. C."", ""S. G. B."", ""G. J."", ""M. E. J.""), family = c(""LIU"", ""SHAW"", ""MATTHEWS"", ""HOYLE"", ""PEARCE"", ""YATES"", ""LOW"", ""AMYES"", ""GUNN"", ""WOOLHOUSE""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268806007722"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268806007722_ref007"", ""S0950268806007722_ref019"", ""S0950268806007722_ref027"", ""S0950268806007722_ref010"", ""S0950268806007722_ref026"", ""S0950268806007722_ref020"", ""S0950268806007722_ref021"", ""S0950268806007722_ref018"", ""S0950268806007722_ref009"", ""S0950268806007722_ref006"", ""S0950268806007722_ref001"", ""S0950268806007722_ref015"", ""S0950268806007722_ref003"", ""S0950268806007722_ref014"", ""S0950268806007722_ref013"", ""S0950268806007722_ref023"", ""S0950268806007722_ref012"", ""S0950268806007722_ref028"", 
""S0950268806007722_ref005"", ""S0950268806007722_ref025"", ""S0950268806007722_ref002"", ""S0950268806007722_ref016"", ""S0950268806007722_ref008"", ""S0950268806007722_ref004"", ""S0950268806007722_ref011"", ""S0950268806007722_ref017"", ""S0950268806007722_ref024"", ""S0950268806007722_ref022""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
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""10.1017/S095026889700770X"", ""10.1017/S0950268896007194"", ""10.1017/S0950268897007826"", ""10.1017/S0950268804003644"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268801004964"", ""10.1023/A:1008928822352"", ""10.1111/j.2517-6161.1971.tb00877.x"", ""10.1099/0022-1317-50-2-135"", ""10.1128/AEM.70.12.7456-7465.2004"", ""10.1093/infdis/166.4.797"", ""10.1093/infdis/151.5.775"", NA, ""10.1099/00222615-44-4-267"", NA, ""10.1128/AEM.70.10.5947-5954.2004""), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""68"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""400"", ""111"", 
NA, ""256"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""22"", NA, ""131"", NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Validation of three rapid screening methods for detection of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli in foods. Interlaboratory study"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Vero cytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 associated with companion animals"", ""Trypanosoma evansi in Indonesian buffaloes: evaluation of simple models of natural immunity to infection"", NA, ""Interval estimation from the likelihood function"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Escherichia coli O157 incident associated with a farm open to members of the public"", NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""87"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""138"", ""126"", NA, ""33"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2"", NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Capps"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Trevena"", ""Coen"", NA, ""Hudson"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Milne"", NA, ""Hilborn"", NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2004"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1996"", ""2001"", 
NA, ""1971"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1999"", NA, ""1997"", NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Journal of AOAC International"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary Record"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", NA, ""Journal of the Royal Statistical Society B"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Communicable Disease and Public Health"", NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""The Ecological Detective: confronting models with data"", 
NA))","S0950268806007722","2007-01-15","en","NULL","list(date = ""2007-01-15"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"LIU","2007","LIU et al., 2007"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2005-05-09","2019-04-02","2005-06","10.1017/s0950268804003644","2022-04-02","0950-2688,1469-4409","3","2005-02-04","56","449-458","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","0","0","11","Modelling the epidemiology of Verocytotoxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> serogroups in young calves","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268804003644","133","<jats:p>We investigate the epidemiology of 12 Verocytotoxin-producing <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> (VTEC) serogroups observed in a calf cohort on a Scottish beef farm. Fitting mathematical models to the observed time-course of infections reveals that there is significant calf-to-calf transmission of VTEC. Our models suggest that 40% of all detected infections are from calf-to-calf transmission and 60% from other sources. Variation in the rates at which infected animals recover from infection by different VTEC serogroups appears to be important. Two thirds of the observed VTEC serogroups are lost from infected calves within 1 day of infection, while the rest persist for more than 3 days. Our study has demonstrated that VTEC are transmissible between calves and are typically lost from infected animals in less than 1 week. We suggest that future field studies may wish to adopt a tighter sampling frame in order to detect all circulating VTEC serogroups in similar animal populations.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""W.-C."", ""C."", ""D. J."", ""L."", ""M. C."", ""J. C."", ""G. J."", ""H. R."", ""G."", ""M. E. J.""), family = c(""LIU"", ""JENKINS"", ""SHAW"", ""MATTHEWS"", ""PEARCE"", ""LOW"", ""GUNN"", ""SMITH"", ""FRANKEL"", ""WOOLHOUSE""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268804003644"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","NULL","S0950268804003644","2005-02-04","en","NULL","list(date = ""2005-02-04"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"LIU","2005","LIU et al., 2005"
"Journal of Theoretical Biology","2006-03-04","2020-04-13","2006-08","10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020","2024-03-13","0022-5193","4","2006-08","78","806-822","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","63","63","21","A semi-stochastic model of the transmission of Escherichia coli O157 in a typical UK dairy herd: Dynamics, sensitivity analysis and intervention/prevention strategies","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020","241",NA,"Journal of Theoretical Biology","list(given = c(""Joanne"", ""Roger G."", ""Michael"", ""Susan E."", ""Nigel P.""), family = c(""Turner"", ""Bowers"", ""Begon"", ""Robinson"", ""French""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022519306000336?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022519306000336?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib1"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib2"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib3"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib4"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib5"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib6"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib7"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib8"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib9"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib10"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib11"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib12"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib13"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib14"", 
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""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib42"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib43"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib44"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib45"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib46"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib47"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib48"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib49"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib50"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib51"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib52"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib53"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib54"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020_bib55"", 
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""10.2307/1403510"", NA, ""10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00677.x"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(99)00119-4"", ""10.1136/vr.133.7.171"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2000.tb05332.x"", ""10.1214/aoap/1034968231"", NA, ""10.1007/BF00178324"", ""10.1136/vr.140.2.36"", NA, ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2000.tb05343.x"", ""10.1017/S0950268802007100"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(90)90008-6"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(98)00050-6"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08684.x"", ""10.1128/IAI.64.5.1879-1883.1996"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1017/S0950268803001705"", 
""10.1017/S0950268801006045"", ""10.1128/IAI.68.7.3808-3814.2000"", ""10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02144-9"", ""10.1017/S0950268896007194"", ""10.1136/vr.137.21.531"", NA, ""10.1016/S0168-1605(00)00508-0"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2000.tb05326.x"", ""10.1046/j.1365-2672.1997.00230.x"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.08.007"", ""10.1080/00071667308416073"", NA, NA, ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02390.x"", NA, NA, ""10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)74950-2"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(99)00106-6"", ""10.1128/AEM.58.2.664-670.1992"", ""10.1128/AEM.64.4.1390-1399.1998"", 
""10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10822.x"", NA, ""10.1016/S0167-5877(03)00006-0"", ""10.1111/j.1939-1676.1999.tb02191.x"", NA, ""10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91670-5"", ""10.1017/S0950268803001468"", ""10.1016/S0168-1605(00)00511-0"", NA, ""10.1111/j.1745-4565.1995.tb00133.x""), article.title = c(NA, ""The population dynamics of microparasites and their invertebrate hosts"", NA, ""A clarification of transmission terms in host–microparasite models: numbers, densities and areas"", ""Duration of detection of fecal excretion of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in cattle"", 
""Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection of calves: infectious dose and direct contact transmission"", ""Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of complex models of disease transmission: an HIV model, as an example"", NA, ""The survival characteristics of a non-toxigenic strain of Escherichia coli 0157:H7"", ""Prevalence and infection risks of zoonotic enteropathogenic bacteria in Swiss cow–calf farms"", ""Untreated milk as a source of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli O157"", ""Sources of Escherichia coli O157 and experiences over the past 15 years in Sheffield, UK"", 
""Strong approximations for mobile population epidemic models"", NA, ""On the definition and the computation of the basic reproduction ratio R0 in models for infectious diseases in heterogeneous populations"", ""Culling in 50 dairy herds in England"", NA, ""The fate of Escherichia coli O157 in cattle slurry after application to land"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection in cows and calves in a beef cattle herd in Alberta, Canada"", ""Mortality, morbidity, case-fatality and culling rates for California dairy cattle as evaluated by the National Animal Health Monitoring System, 1986–1987"", 
""Multiple sources of Escherichia coli O157 in feedlots and dairy farms in the northwestern USA"", ""Outbreak of Vero cytotoxin producing Escherichia coli O157 infection in North Cumbria"", ""Escherichia coli O157 associated with eating unpasteurised cheese"", ""VTEC O157 outbreak linked to beach holidays"", ""Surveillance of Vero cytotoxin producing Escherichia coli O157 in England and Wales"", ""Outbreaks of VTEC O157 infection linked to consumption of unpasteurised milk"", ""Surveillance of waterborne disease and water quality: January to June 2003, and summary of 2002"", 
""Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium in cow manure and cow manure slurry"", ""Serum antibody responses of cattle following experimental infection with Escherichia coli O157:H7"", NA, NA, NA, ""Estimation of the basic reproduction ratio (R0) for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (STEC O157) in beef calves"", ""Risk factors for sporadic cases of Escherichia coli O157 infection: the importance of contact with animal excreta"", ""Ruminant gastrointestinal cell proliferation and clearance of Escherichia coli O157:H7"", 
""How should pathogen transmission be modelled?"", ""A fifteen month study of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a dairy herd"", ""A study of mortality among suckler and dairy cows in Northern Ireland in 1992"", NA, ""The fate of Escherichia coli O157 in soil and its potential to contaminate drinking water"", ""The public health significance of VTEC O157"", ""Detection, distribution and probable fate of Escherichia coli O157 from asymptomatic cattle on a dairy farm"", ""Decreased shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by cattle following vaccination with type III secreted proteins"", 
""Prevention of the growth of Salmonella infantis in chick by the flora of the alimentary tract of chickens"", NA, NA, ""Intermittent and persistent shedding of Escherichia coli O157 in cohorts of naturally infected calves"", NA, ""Practical mechanisms for interrupting the oral–fecal lifecycle of Escherichia coli"", ""Invited review: effects of diet shifts on Escherichia coli in cattle"", ""Fecal Escherichia coli O157:H7 shedding patterns of orally inoculated calves"", ""Reduction of Campylobacter jejuni colonization of chicks by cecum-colonizing bacteria producing anti-C. jejuni metabolites"", 
""Longitudinal study of Escherichia coli O157:H7 dissemination on four dairy farms in Wisconsin"", ""Modelling the vector pathway and infection of humans in an environmental outbreak of Escherichia coli O157"", NA, ""A model appropriate to the transmission of a human food-borne pathogen in a multigroup managed herd"", ""Partitioning the mortality risk associated with inadequate passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulins in dairy calves"", NA, ""Outbreak of Escherichia coli O157 infection associated with pasteurized milk supply"", 
""Duration and magnitude of faecal shedding of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from naturally infected cattle"", ""Use of strain typing to provide evidence for specific interventions in the transmission of VTEC O157 infections"", NA, ""Use of vaccine and biological control techniques to control pathogens in animals used for food""), volume = c(NA, ""291"", NA, ""129"", ""175"", ""127"", ""62"", NA, ""86"", ""69"", ""133"", ""88"", ""6"", NA, ""28"", ""140"", NA, ""88"", ""129"", ""8"", ""35"", ""9"", ""9"", ""9"", ""10"", ""10"", ""13"", 
""178"", ""64"", NA, ""vol. 2"", NA, ""132"", ""127"", ""68"", ""16"", ""118"", ""137"", NA, ""66"", ""88"", ""83"", ""22"", ""14"", NA, NA, ""97"", NA, ""3"", ""83"", ""69"", ""58"", ""64"", ""203"", NA, ""57"", ""13"", NA, ""344"", ""132"", ""66"", NA, ""15""), author = c(NA, ""Anderson"", ""Anderson"", ""Begon"", ""Besser"", ""Besser"", ""Blower"", ""Blowey"", ""Bolton"", ""Busato"", ""Chapman"", ""Chapman"", ""Clancy"", ""Diekmann"", ""Diekmann"", ""Esslemont"", NA, ""Fenlon"", ""Gannon"", ""Gardner"", ""Hancock"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Himathongkham"", ""Johnson"", NA, ""Kendall"", NA, 
""Laegreid"", ""Locking"", ""Magnuson"", ""McCallum"", ""Mechie"", ""Menzies"", NA, ""Ogden"", ""Parry"", ""Porter"", ""Potter"", ""Rantala"", ""Renshaw"", NA, ""Robinson"", NA, ""Russell"", ""Russell"", ""Sanderson"", ""Schoeni"", ""Shere"", ""Strachan"", ""Thickett"", ""Turner"", ""Tyler"", NA, ""Upton"", ""Widiasih"", ""Willshaw"", NA, ""Zhao""), year = c(NA, ""1981"", ""1992"", ""2002"", ""1997"", ""2001"", ""1994"", ""1986"", ""1999"", ""1999"", ""1993"", ""2000"", ""1996"", ""2000"", ""1990"", ""1997"", NA, ""2000"", ""2002"", ""1990"", ""1998"", ""1999"", ""1999"", ""1999"", ""2000"", 
""2000"", ""2003"", ""1999"", ""1996"", NA, ""1979"", NA, ""2004"", ""2001"", ""2000"", ""2001"", ""1997"", ""1995"", NA, ""2001"", ""2000"", ""1997"", ""2004"", ""1973"", ""1993"", NA, ""2004"", NA, ""2001"", ""2000"", ""1999"", ""1992"", ""1998"", ""2001"", ""1986"", ""2003"", ""1999"", NA, ""1994"", ""2003"", ""2001"", NA, ""1995""), journal.title = c(NA, ""Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B"", NA, ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Int. Stat. Rev."", NA, ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", 
""Ann. Appl. Probab."", NA, ""J. Math. Biol."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Commun. Dis. Rep. CDR Wkly"", ""Commun. Dis. Rep. CDR Wkly"", ""Commun. Dis. Rep. CDR Wkly"", ""Commun. Dis. Rep. CDR Wkly"", ""Commun. Dis. Rep. CDR Wkly"", ""Commun. Dis. Rep. CDR Wkly"", ""FEMS Microbiol. Lett."", ""Infect. Immun."", NA, NA, NA, ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Infect. Immun."", ""Trends Ecol. Evol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, 
""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Vaccine"", ""Br. Poult. Sci."", NA, NA, ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", NA, ""J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""FEMS Microbiol. Lett."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Vet. Intern. Med."", NA, ""Lancet"", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", NA, ""J. Food Saf.""), series.title = c(NA, NA, ""Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""A Veterinary Book for Dairy Farmers"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mathematical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases: Model Building, Analysis and Interpretation"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Modelling Biological Populations in Space and Time"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Calf Rearing"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""3"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""4"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, ""Suppl."", ""1"", NA, NA, ""11"", ""13"", ""37"", ""19"", ""23"", ""41"", ""2"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""7"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1–2"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0022519306000336",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2006-08-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Turner","2006","Turner et al., 2006"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2004-11-16","2019-05-06","2004-12","10.1017/s0950268804002675","2025-04-11","0950-2688,1469-4409","6","2004-11-16","56","1039-1048","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","0","0","11","Estimating transmission parameters of F4+ <i>E. coli</i> for F4-receptor-positive and -negative piglets: one-to-one transmission experiment","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268804002675","132","<jats:p>F4+ <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> is an important agent of post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets. Piglets that express an adhesion site for F4+ <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> in their small intestine (F4R+) shed higher numbers of F4+ <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> than piglets lacking this site (F4R−). We hypothesized that F4R+ piglets are more infectious and more susceptible for F4+ <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>. This implies that in populations with F4R+ and F4R− piglets, the transmission would be dependent on the frequency of both types of animals. To quantify the difference in infectiousness and susceptibility, a one-to-one transmission experiment was performed with 20 pairs consisting of one inoculated and one contact piglet. Based on the contact infections observed, transmission parameters were estimated with generalized linear models. F4R+ piglets were infectious for other piglets and the reproduction ratio (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>) for homogeneous F4R+ populations, that is the average number of secondary infections that one F4R+ pig will cause during its entire infectious period in a population of susceptible F4R+ individuals only, was estimated as 7·1. F4R+ piglets were more susceptible than F4R− piglets and reducing the fraction of F4R+ piglets of a population will reduce transmission. It was calculated that in order to prevent major outbreaks of F4+ <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>&lt;1), the fraction of F4R+ piglets must be lower than 0·14.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""P. L."", ""J."", ""A."", ""M. C. M.""), family = c(""GEENEN"", ""Van der MEULEN"", ""BOUMA"", ""De JONG""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268804002675"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","NULL","S0950268804002675","2004-11-16","en","NULL","list(date = ""2004-11-16"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"GEENEN","2004","GEENEN et al., 2004"
"Veterinary Research","2011-03-02","2011-03-11","2011","10.1186/1297-9716-42-44","2024-08-04","1297-9716","1","2011","297","44","10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","31","31","15","Estimation of transmission parameters of a fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strain between pigs in experimental conditions","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-42-44","42",NA,"Vet Res,Veterinary Research","list(given = c(""Mathieu"", ""Nicolas"", ""Michel"", ""Pascal"", ""Aurélie"", ""Roland"", ""Claire"", ""Eric""), family = c(""Andraud"", ""Rose"", ""Laurentie"", ""Sanders"", ""Le Roux"", ""Cariolet"", ""Chauvin"", ""Jouy""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","NULL","list(key = c(""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B1"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B2"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B4"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B5"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B6"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B7"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B8"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B9"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B10"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B11"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B12"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B13"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B15"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B16"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B17"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B19"", 
""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B20"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B21"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B22"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B24"", ""-"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B28"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B29"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B30"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B32"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B33"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B34"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B35"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B36"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B37"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-44-B38""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1016/S0924-8579(99)90059-6"", ""10.1093/jac/dkh422"", ""10.1016/S0924-8579(00)00140-0"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(02)00091-0"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02667.x"", 
""10.1093/jac/dkl201"", ""10.1093/jac/dki230"", ""10.3201/eid0804.010312"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.07.009"", ""10.1017/S0950268807008485"", ""10.1051/vetres:2008026"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.10.017"", ""10.1038/nrmicro1178"", ""10.1128/AEM.00961-09"", ""10.1098/rsif.2008.0210"", ""10.1017/S0950268801006537"", ""10.1017/S0950268804002675"", ""10.1128/AEM.71.10.5765-5770.2005"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(03)00082-5"", ""10.1016/0264-410X(94)90229-1"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(95)00538-2"", ""10.1128/AEM.70.9.5331-5335.2004"", ""10.1128/AAC.00856-08"", 
""10.1016/j.mbs.2007.04.009"", ""10.1073/pnas.0307506101"", ""10.1073/pnas.0503776103"", ""10.1126/science.1086616"", ""10.1017/S0950268805004590"", ""10.1017/S0950268807000209"", ""10.1128/AAC.00865-10"", ""10.1089/fpd.2010.0643""))","1297-9716-42-44",NA,"en","NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Andraud","2011","Andraud et al., 2011"
"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","2017-03-18","2022-02-23","2017-06","10.1128/aem.03439-16","2025-05-30","0099-2240,1098-5336","11","2017-06","235",NA,"10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","45","45","48","Competitive Exclusion Reduces Transmission and Excretion of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Broilers","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.03439-16","83","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
          <jats:p>
            Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases (pAmpC) are enzymes able to hydrolyze a large variety of β-lactam antibiotics, including third-generation cephalosporins and monobactams. Broilers and broiler meat products can be highly contaminated with ESBL- and pAmpC-producing
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Escherichia coli</jats:named-content>
            strains, also known as extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">E. coli</jats:named-content>
            strains, and can be a source for human infections. As few data on interventions to reduce the presence of ESC-resistant
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">E. coli</jats:named-content>
            in broilers are available, we used transmission experiments to examine the role of competitive exclusion (CE) on reducing transmission and excretion in broilers. A broiler model to study the transmission of ESC-resistant
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">E. coli</jats:named-content>
            was set up. Day-old chickens were challenged with an ESBL-producing
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">E. coli</jats:named-content>
            strain isolated from healthy broilers in the Netherlands. Challenged and not challenged chicks were housed together in pairs or in groups, and ESBL-producing
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">E. coli</jats:named-content>
            transmission was monitored via selective culturing of cloacal swab specimens. We observed a statistically significant reduction in both the transmission and excretion of ESBL-producing
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">E. coli</jats:named-content>
            in chicks treated with the probiotic flora before
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">E. coli</jats:named-content>
            challenge compared to the transmission and excretion in untreated controls. In conclusion, our results support the use of competitive exclusion as an intervention strategy to control ESC-resistant
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">E. coli</jats:named-content>
            in the field.
          </jats:p>
          <jats:p>
            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE</jats:bold>
            Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases are a primary cause of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics among members of the family
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Enterobacteriaceae</jats:named-content>
            in humans, animals, and the environment. Food-producing animals are not exempt from this, with a high prevalence being seen in broilers, and there is evidence pointing to a possible foodborne source for human contamination. We investigated the effect of administration of a commercial probiotic product as an intervention to reduce the amount of ESBL-producing
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Escherichia coli</jats:named-content>
            in broilers. Our results showed a substantial reduction in the level of colonization of broiler intestines by ESBL-producing
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">E. coli</jats:named-content>
            after administration of commercial probiotic product. The protective effect provided by these probiotics could be implemented on a larger scale in poultry production. Reductions in the levels of ESBL-producing
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Enterobacteriaceae</jats:named-content>
            in the food chain would considerably benefit public health.
          </jats:p>","Appl Environ Microbiol","list(given = c(""Daniela"", ""Alieda"", ""Bregtje"", ""Kees T."", ""Gert Jan"", ""Egil A. J."", ""Dik J."", ""Jeanet A.""), family = c(""Ceccarelli"", ""van Essen-Zandbergen"", ""Smid"", ""Veldman"", ""Boender"", ""Fischer"", ""Mevius"", ""van der Goot""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands"", ""Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands"", ""Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands"", 
""Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands"", ""Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands"", ""Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands"", NA, ""Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands""), affiliation1.name = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands"", NA), affiliation2.name = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands"", 
NA))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.03439-16"", ""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.03439-16""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_3_3_2_2"", ""e_1_3_3_3_2"", ""e_1_3_3_4_2"", ""e_1_3_3_5_2"", ""e_1_3_3_6_2"", ""e_1_3_3_7_2"", ""e_1_3_3_8_2"", ""e_1_3_3_9_2"", ""e_1_3_3_10_2"", ""e_1_3_3_11_2"", ""e_1_3_3_12_2"", ""e_1_3_3_13_2"", ""e_1_3_3_14_2"", ""e_1_3_3_15_2"", ""e_1_3_3_16_2"", ""e_1_3_3_17_2"", ""e_1_3_3_18_2"", ""e_1_3_3_19_2"", ""e_1_3_3_20_2"", ""e_1_3_3_21_2"", ""e_1_3_3_22_2"", ""e_1_3_3_23_2"", ""e_1_3_3_24_2"", ""e_1_3_3_25_2"", ""e_1_3_3_26_2"", ""e_1_3_3_27_2"", ""e_1_3_3_28_2"", ""e_1_3_3_29_2"", ""e_1_3_3_30_2"", ""e_1_3_3_31_2"", ""e_1_3_3_32_2"", 
""e_1_3_3_33_2"", ""e_1_3_3_34_2"", ""e_1_3_3_35_2"", ""e_1_3_3_36_2"", ""e_1_3_3_37_2"", ""e_1_3_3_38_2"", ""e_1_3_3_39_2"", ""e_1_3_3_40_2"", ""e_1_3_3_41_2"", ""e_1_3_3_42_2"", ""e_1_3_3_43_2"", ""e_1_3_3_44_2"", ""e_1_3_3_45_2"", ""e_1_3_3_46_2""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA), DOI = c(""10.1021/cr030102i"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2012.00110"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2016.01374"", ""10.1146/annurev-micro-090110-102911"", ""10.1128/CMR.00036-08"", ""10.1016/j.ijmm.2013.02.001"", ""10.1128/AAC.01707-08"", 
""10.1093/cid/ciu785"", ""10.1080/03079457.2014.907866"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0143326"", ""10.1089/fpd.2015.1936"", ""10.1089/mdr.2014.0248"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.07.001"", ""10.1093/jac/dki190"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(69)92164-3"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(70)92583-3"", ""10.3201/eid1707.110209"", ""10.1093/cid/cis929"", ""10.1128/AAC.01285-07"", ""10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03497.x"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0079005"", ""10.1093/jac/dku030"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2014.00519"", ""10.1093/jac/dks349"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.02.002"", 
""10.1128/AEM.00856-13"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.03.039"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.007"", ""10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01510.x"", ""10.1093/ps/83.3.330"", ""10.1017/S0950268810001524"", ""10.1016/0168-1605(92)90054-7"", ""10.1086/523341"", ""10.3382/ps.2012-02575"", ""10.1637/0005-2086(2002)046[0198:EOACCE]2.0.CO;2"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-66.3.490"", ""10.1093/ps/81.11.1653"", ""10.1023/A:1020541603877"", ""10.1136/vr.139.6.139"", ""10.1093/ps/80.2.156"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.03.019"", ""10.1053/tvjl.1999.0423"", ""10.1016/0264-410X(94)90229-1"", 
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""Longitudinal monitoring of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in German broiler chicken fattening farms"", ""Modelling the epidemiology of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli serogroups in young calves"", ""On-farm comparisons of different cleaning protocols in broiler houses"", ""Emergence of AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in the broiler production chain in a country with a low antimicrobial usage profile"", ""Vertical transmission of Escherichia coli carrying plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) through the broiler production pyramid"", 
""Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-and AmpC-producing enterobacteria in healthy broiler chickens, Germany"", NA, ""Diversity of extended-spectrum β-lactamases and class C β-lactamases among cloacal Escherichia coli isolates in Belgian broiler farms"", ""In situ ESBL conjugation from avian to human Escherichia coli during cefotaxime administration"", ""Intestinal colonisation of young chicks with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other verotoxin-producing serotypes"", ""Win Episcope 2.0: Improved epidemiological software for veterinary medicine"", 
""Small distances can keep bacteria at bay for days"", ""Spatial and temporal variation of the intestinal bacterial community in commercially raised broiler chickens during growth"", ""Molecular characteristics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from humans in the community"", ""Design and analysis of an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae transmission experiment"", ""Design and analysis of small-scale transmission experiments with animals"", ""Evaluating targets for control of plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance in enteric commensals of beef cattle: a modelling approach"", 
""Vertical transmission of highly similar blaCTX-M-1-harboring IncI1 plasmids in Escherichia coli with different MLST types in the poultry production pyramid""), volume = c(""11"", ""42"", ""8"", NA, ""66"", ""154"", ""142"", ""65"", ""8"", ""28"", NA, ""67"", ""8"", ""8"", ""26"", ""69"", ""176"", ""8"", ""79"", ""133"", ""94"", ""171"", ""69"", ""19"", NA, ""52"", ""110"", ""74"", ""148"", ""111"", ""44"", ""10"", ""60"", ""135"", ""141"", ""5""), author = c(""Agersø"", ""Andraud"", ""Broens"", ""Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)"", ""Clermont"", ""Cohen-Stuart"", 
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"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","2008-03-01","2022-02-23","2008-04-15","10.1128/aem.02897-07","2024-08-05","0099-2240,1098-5336","8","2008-04-15","235","2488-2491","10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","22","22","29","Indirect Transmission of
            <i>Escherichia coli</i>
            O157:H7 Occurs Readily among Swine but Not among Sheep","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02897-07","74","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
          <jats:p>
            Transmission of
            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic>
            O157:H7 among reservoir animals is generally thought to occur either by direct contact between a naïve animal and an infected animal or by consumption of food or water containing the organism. Although ruminants are considered the major reservoir, there are two reports of human infections caused by
            <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>
            O157:H7 linked to the consumption of pork products or to the contamination of fresh produce by swine manure. The objective of this study was to determine whether
            <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>
            O157:H7 could be transmitted to naïve animals, both sheep and swine, that did not have any direct contact with an infected donor animal. We recovered
            <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>
            O157:H7 from 10/10 pigs with nose-to-nose contact with the infected donor or animals adjacent to the donor and from 5/6 naïve pigs that were penned in the same room as the donor pig but 10 to 20 ft away. In contrast, when the experiment was repeated with sheep,
            <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>
            O157:H7 was recovered from 4/6 animals that had nose-to-nose contact with the infected donor or adjacent animals and from 0/6 naïve animals penned 10 to 20 ft away from the donor. These results suggest that
            <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>
            O157:H7 is readily transmitted among swine and that transmission can occur by the creation of contaminated aerosols.
          </jats:p>","Appl Environ Microbiol","list(given = c(""Nancy A."", ""Hung""), family = c(""Cornick"", ""VuKhac""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010"", ""Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010""))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.02897-07"", ""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.02897-07""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_3_2_2_2"", ""e_1_3_2_3_2"", ""e_1_3_2_4_2"", ""e_1_3_2_5_2"", ""e_1_3_2_6_2"", ""e_1_3_2_7_2"", ""e_1_3_2_8_2"", ""e_1_3_2_9_2"", ""e_1_3_2_10_2"", ""e_1_3_2_11_2"", ""e_1_3_2_12_2"", ""e_1_3_2_13_2"", ""e_1_3_2_14_2"", ""e_1_3_2_15_2"", ""e_1_3_2_16_2"", ""e_1_3_2_17_2"", ""e_1_3_2_18_2"", ""e_1_3_2_19_2"", ""e_1_3_2_20_2"", ""e_1_3_2_21_2"", ""e_1_3_2_22_2"", ""e_1_3_2_23_2""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
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""10.1128/aem.61.4.1363-1370.1995"", ""10.1080/027868200303722"", ""10.3201/eid0506.990618"", ""10.1017/S0950268805004668"", ""10.1051/vetres:2001148"", ""10.1128/AEM.68.4.1947-1954.2002"", ""10.1053/tvjl.1998.0346"", ""10.1001/jama.290.20.2709""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Abstr. Proc. Int. Pig Vet. Soc. 2002"", NA, ""Abstr. 102nd Gen. Meet. Am. Soc. Microbiol. 2002"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1128/AEM.02897-07",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2008-04-15"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","list(value = c(""2007-12-21"", ""2008-02-21"", ""2008-04-15""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Cornick","2008","Cornick et al., 2008"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2014-04-14","2020-08-17","2015-01","10.1017/s0950268814000867","2024-04-06","0950-2688,1469-4409","2","2014-04-14","56","274-287","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","41","41","11","Transmission of<i>Escherichia coli</i>O157:H7 in cattle is influenced by the level of environmental contamination","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268814000867","143","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>A pen infection-transmission experiment was conducted to elucidate the role of pathogen strain and environmental contamination in transmission of<jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic>O157:H7 (ECO157) in cattle. Five steers were inoculated with a three-strain mixture of ECO157 and joined with five susceptible steers in each of two experimental replicates. Faecal and environmental samples were monitored for ECO157 presence over 30 days. One ECO157 strain did not spread. Transmission rates for the other two strains were estimated using a generalized linear model developed based on a modified ‘Susceptible–Infectious–Susceptible’ mathematical model. Transmission rates estimated for the two strains (0·11 and 0·14) were similar. However, the rates significantly (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0·0006) increased 1·5 times for every 1-unit increase in the level of environmental contamination measured as log<jats:sub>10</jats:sub>c.f.u. Depending on the level of environmental contamination, the estimated basic reproduction numbers varied from &lt;1 to 8. The findings indicate the importance of on-farm measures to reduce environmental contamination for ECO157 control in cattle that should be validated under field conditions.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""R."", ""M."", ""D."", ""T. K."", ""J."", ""M."", ""A. J."", ""D."", ""C. W."", ""R.""), family = c(""GAUTAM"", ""KULOW"", ""PARK"", ""GONZALES"", ""DAHM"", ""SHIRODA"", ""STASIC"", ""DÖPFER"", ""KASPAR"", ""IVANEK""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268814000867"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268814000867_ref32"", ""S0950268814000867_ref31"", ""S0950268814000867_ref29"", ""S0950268814000867_ref22"", ""S0950268814000867_ref7"", ""S0950268814000867_ref27"", ""S0950268814000867_ref1"", ""S0950268814000867_ref8"", ""S0950268814000867_ref25"", ""S0950268814000867_ref15"", ""S0950268814000867_ref2"", ""S0950268814000867_ref14"", ""S0950268814000867_ref21"", ""S0950268814000867_ref13"", ""S0950268814000867_ref5"", ""S0950268814000867_ref17"", ""S0950268814000867_ref19"", ""S0950268814000867_ref4"", ""S0950268814000867_ref24"", 
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NA, ""Co-localization of carbapenem (blaOXA-162) and colistin (mcr-1) resistance genes on a transferable IncHI2 plasmid in Escherichia coli of chicken origin"", ""Epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections globally"", ""DADA2: high-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data"", ""A Bayesian MCMC approach to study transmission of influenza: application to household longitudinal data"", ""Competitive exclusion reduces transmission and excretion of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in broilers"", 
""A novel method to jointly estimate transmission rate and decay rate parameters in environmental transmission models"", ""Commensal and pathogenic Escherichia coli metabolism in the gut"", ""Dynamics of CMY-2 producing E. coli in a broiler parent flock"", ""Effect of challenge dose of plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli on time-until-colonization and level of excretion in young broilers"", ""Early life supply of competitive exclusion products reduces colonization of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in broilers"", 
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""phyloseq: an R package for reproducible interactive analysis and graphics of microbiome census data"", ""Attributable sources of community-acquired carriage of Escherichia coli containing β-lactam antibiotic resistance genes: a population-based modelling study"", ""Salmonella Dublin infection in young dairy calves: transmission parameters estimated from field data and an SIR-model"", ""Can the use of older-generation beta-lactam antibiotics in livestock production over-select for beta-lactamases of greatest consequence for human medicine? An in vitro experimental model"", 
NA, NA, ""The excretion and environmental effects of amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline residues in layer chicken manure"", ""The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools"", ""The role of antibiotic resistance genes in the fitness cost of multiresistance plasmids"", ""Escherichia coli as commensal and pathogenic bacteria among food-producing animals: health implications of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production"", NA, NA, ""Low dose colonization of broiler chickens with ESBL-/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in a seeder-bird model independent of antimicrobial selection pressure"", 
""Impact of antibiotic therapies on resistance genes dynamic and composition of the animal gut microbiota"", ""Human, animal and environmental contributors to antibiotic resistance in low-resource settings: integrating behavioural, epidemiological and One Health approaches"", ""High rates of Escherichia coli transmission between livestock and humans in rural Uganda"", ""A family of interaction-adjusted indices of community similarity"", ""Interbacterial mechanisms of colonization resistance and the strategies pathogens use to overcome them"", 
NA, NA, ""Small distances can keep bacteria at bay for days"", ""Survival of Escherichia coli in the environment: fundamental and public health aspects"", ""Design and analysis of small-scale transmission experiments with animals"", NA, ""The genetic basis of the fitness costs of antimicrobial resistance: a meta-analysis approach"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Comparative analysis of ESBL-positive Escherichia coli isolates from animals and humans from the UK, The Netherlands and Germany"", ""Impact of carbapenem resistance on mortality in patients infected with Enterobacteriaceae: a systematic review and meta-analysis""
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NA, NA, ""Gabry, J., Cešnovar, R., 2022. cmdstanr: R Interface to 'CmdStan'. https://mc-stan.org/cmdstanr/."", ""Heederik, D., Van Geijlswijk, I., Heederik, D., Mouton, J., Wagenaar, J., Jacobs, J., Sanders, P., 2017.Usage of antibiotics in agricultural livestock in the Netherlands in 2017."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Lahti, L., Shetty, S., 2019. microbiome R package. http://microbiome.github.io."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Lister, S.A., Barrow, P., 2008. Enterobacteriaceae. In: Pattison, M., McMullin, P.F., Bradbury, J.M., Alexander, D.J. (Eds.), Poultry diseases (sixth edition). W.B. Saunders, Edinburgh, 110–145."", 
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""Wickham, H., François, R., Henry, L., Müller, K., 2021. dplyr: a grammar of data manipulation. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=dplyr."", ""Wilke, C.O., 2020. cowplot: streamlined plot theme and plot annotations for 'ggplot2'. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=cowplot."", ""World Health Organization, 2019. Critically important antimicrobials for human medicine, 6th revision. World Health Organization, Geneva, https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241515528."", NA, NA), series.title = c(NA, 
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""A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance."", ""Assessing the occurrence and transfer dynamics of ESBL/pAmpC-producing Escherichia coli across the broiler production pyramid."", ""Development of the chick microbiome: how early exposure influences future microbial diversity."", ""Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli on flies at poultry farms."", ""Distribution, numbers, and diversity of ESBL-producing E. coli in the poultry farm environment."", 
""Probiotics, prebiotics and competitive exclusion for prophylaxis against bacterial disease."", ""Competitive exclusion reduces transmission and excretion of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in broilers."", ""Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-/AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in broiler farms: transmission dynamics at farm level."", ""Transmission routes of ESBL/pAmpC producing bacteria in the broiler production pyramid, a literature review."", ""Effect of challenge dose of plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli on time-until-colonization and level of excretion in young broilers."", 
""Early life supply of competitive exclusion products reduces colonization of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in broilers."", ""Effect of spatial separation of pigs on spread of Streptococcus suis serotype 9."", ""Increased detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolates from poultry."", ""Presence of ESBL/AmpC -producing Escherichia coli in the broiler production pyramid: a descriptive study."", ""The time-course of broiler intestinal microbiota development after administration of cecal contents to incubating eggs."", 
""The role of the phylogenetic diversity measure, PD, in bio-informatics: getting the definition right."", ""Comparison of three commercial competitive-exclusion products for controlling Salmonella colonization of broilers in Brazil."", ""Faecal occurrence and emissions of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (laMRSA) and ESbl/AmpC-producing E. coli from animal farms in Germany."", ""Monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends in commensal Escherichia coli from livestock, the Netherlands, 1998 to 2016."", 
""Effect of a commercial competitive exclusion culture on reduction of colonization of an antibiotic-resistant pathogenic Escherichia coli in day-old broiler chickens."", ""Simplified agar plate method for quantifying viable bacteria."", ""Risk factors for antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli found in GB turkey flocks."", ""Patterns of community assembly in the developing chicken microbiome reveal rapid primary succession."", NA, ""Take care of the environment: housing conditions affect the interplay of nutritional interventions and intestinal microbiota in broiler chickens."", 
""Within- and between-pen transmission of classical swine fever virus: a new method to estimate the basic reproduction ratio from transmission experiments."", ""Contact with adult hen affects development of caecal microbiota in newly hatched chicks."", ""Longitudinal monitoring of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli at German broiler chicken fattening farms."", ""Transmission of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from broiler chicken farms to surrounding areas."", ""Quantitative and qualitative beta diversity measures lead to different insights into factors that structure microbial communities."", 
""Effect of synbiotic supplementation on layer production and cecal Salmonella load during a Salmonella challenge."", ""Modelling Salmonella spread within a farrow-to-finish pig herd."", ""Effects of drinking water synbiotic supplementation in laying hens challenged with Salmonella."", ""Competitive exclusion: a tool to combat extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli strains in chickens."", ""Evaluation of aviguard, a commercial competitive exclusion product for efficacy and after-effect on the antibody response of chicks to Salmonella."", 
""Vertical transmission of Escherichia coli carrying plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) through the broiler production pyramid."", ""Effect of competitive exclusion in reducing the occurrence of Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the ceca of broiler chicks."", ""The competitive exclusion concept: development and future."", ""Environmental adaptation and vertical dissemination of ESBL-/pAmpC-producing Escherichia coli in an integrated broiler production chain in the absence of an antibiotic treatment."", 
""The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools."", ""NG-Tax, a highly accurate and validated pipeline for analysis of 16S rRNA amplicons from complex biomes."", ""Effect of an organic acids based feed additive and enrofloxacin on the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli in cecum of broilers."", NA, ""Types and prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in poultry."", ""The efficacy of a commercial competitive exclusion product on Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens in a 5-week pilot-scale study."", 
""Perturbation of microbiota in one-day old broiler chickens with antibiotic for 24 hours negatively affects intestinal immune development."", ""Acidification of drinking water inhibits indirect transmission, but not direct transmission of campylobacter between broilers."", ""Small distances can keep bacteria at bay for days."", ""Composition of gut microbiota influences resistance of newly hatched chickens to Salmonella enteritidis infection."", ""Design and analysis of small-scale transmission experiments with animals."", 
""Succession and replacement of bacterial populations in the caecum of egg laying hens over their whole life."", ""Replicon typing of plasmids carrying bla CTX-M-1 in Enterobacteriaceae of animal, environmental and human origin."", ""Vertical transmission of highly similar bla CTX-M-1-harboring IncI1 plasmids in Escherichia coli with different MLST types in the poultry production pyramid.""), volume = c(""11"", ""26"", ""14"", ""3"", ""80"", ""10"", ""9"", ""83"", ""24"", ""162"", ""239"", ""99"", ""8"", ""145"", ""8"", ""5"", ""2"", ""66"", 
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""Sellers RF, Herniman KA, Donaldson AI (1971) The effects of killing or removal of animals affected with foot-and-mouth disease on the amounts of airborne virus present in looseboxes. Br Vet J 127:358–365"", ""Botner A, Belsham GJ (2012) Virus survival in slurry: analysis of the stability of foot-and-mouth disease, classical swine fever, bovine viral diarrhoea and swine influenza viruses. Vet Microbiol 157:41–49"", ""Turner C, Williams SM, Cumby TR (2000) The inactivation of foot and mouth disease, Aujeszky’s disease and classical swine fever viruses in pig slurry. J Appl Microbiol 89:760–767"", 
""van Bunnik BA, Hagenaars TJ, Bolder NM, Nodelijk G, de Jong MCM (2012) Interaction effects between sender and receiver processes in indirect transmission of Campylobacter jejuni between broilers. BMC Vet Res 8:123"", ""van Bunnik BA, Katsma WE, Wagenaar JA, Jacobs-Reitsma WF, de Jong MCM (2012) Acidification of drinking water inhibits indirect transmission, but not direct transmission of Campylobacter between broilers. Prev Vet Med 105:315–319"", ""Breban R, Drake JM, Stallknecht DE, Rohani P (2009) The role of environmental transmission in recurrent avian influenza epidemics. PLoS Comput Biol 5:e1000346"", 
""Rohani P, Breban R, Stallknecht DE, Drake JM (2009) Environmental transmission of low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses and its implications for pathogen invasion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:10365–10369"", ""Velkers FC, Bouma A, Stegeman JA, de Jong MCM (2012) Oocyst output and transmission rates during successive infections with Eimeria acervulina in experimental broiler flocks. Vet Parasitol 187:63–71"", ""Eblé PL, de Koeijer AA, de Jong MCM, Engel B, Dekker A (2008) A meta-analysis quantifying transmission parameters of FMDV strain O Taiwan among non-vaccinated and vaccinated pigs. Prev Vet Med 83:98–106"", 
""Orsel K, Dekker A, Bouma A, Stegeman JA, de Jong MCM (2007) Quantification of foot and mouth disease virus excretion and transmission within groups of lambs with and without vaccination. Vaccine 25:2673–2679"", ""Kermack WO, McKendrick AG (1927) A Contribution to the mathematical theory of epidemics. Proc Roy Soc Lond 115:700–721"", ""Velthuis AGJ, de Jong MCM, De Bree J, Nodelijk G, Van Boven M (2002) Quantification of transmission in one-to-one experiments. Epidemiol Infect 128:193–204"", ""Cox SJ, Barnett PV (2009) Experimental evaluation of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines for emergency use in ruminants and pigs: a review. Vet Res 40:13"", 
""Orsel K, Dekker A, Bouma A, Stegeman JA, de Jong MCM (2005) Vaccination against foot and mouth disease reduces virus transmission in groups of calves. Vaccine 23:4887–4894"", ""Hajer R, Hendrikse J, Rutgers LJE, van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MM S, van der Weyden GC (1985) Het klinisch onderzoek bij grote huisdieren.Wetenschappelijke uitgeverij Bunge, Utrecht"", ""Bouma A, Dekker A, de Jong MCM (2004) No foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission between individually housed calves. Vet Microbiol 98:29–36"", 
""Moonen P, Boonstra J, van der Honing RH, Leendertse CB, Jacobs L, Dekker A (2003) Validation of a LightCycler-based reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Virol Methods 113:35–41"", ""Dekker A, Terpstra C (1996) Prevalence of foot-and-mouth disease antibodies in dairy herds in The Netherlands, four years after vaccination. Res Vet Sci 61:89–91"", ""Dekker A (1998) Inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus by heat, formaldehyde, ethylene oxide and gamma radiation. Vet Rec 143:168–169"", 
""Bachrach HL, Breese SS, Callis JJ, Hess WR, Patty RE (1957) Inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus by pH and temperature changes and by formaldehyde. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 95:147–152"", ""Blackwell JH, Hyde JL (1976) Effect of heat on foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in the components of milk from FMDV-infected cows. J Hyg 77:77–83"", ""Hyde JL, Blackwell JH, Callis JJ (1975) Effect of pasteurization and evaporation on foot-and-mouth disease virus in whole milk from infected cows. Can J Comp Med 39:305–309"", 
""Cottral GE (1969) Persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus in animals, their products and the environment. Bull Off Int Epizoot 70:549–568"", ""Velthuis AG, de Jong MCM, Kamp EM, Stockhofe N, Verheijden JH (2003) Design and analysis of an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae transmission experiment. Prev Vet Med 60:53–68"", ""Bouma A, de Jong MCM, Kimman TG (1995) Transmission of pseudorabies virus within pig-populations is independent of the size of the population. Prev Vet Med 23:163–172"", ""McCullagh P, Nelder JA (1989) Generalized Linear Models. Boca Raton, Chapman & Hall/CRC"", 
""R Development Core Team (2012) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. The R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna"", ""Diekmann O, Heesterbeek JA, Metz JA (1990) On the definition and the computation of the basic reproduction ratio R0 in models for infectious diseases in heterogeneous populations. J Math Biol 28:365–382"", ""de Jong MCM, Kimman TG (1994) Experimental quantification of vaccine-induced reduction in virus transmission. Vaccine 8:761–766"", ""Velthuis AG, de Jong MCM, Stockhofe N, Vermeulen TM, Kamp EM (2002) Transmission of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in pigs is characterized by variation in infectivity. Epidemiol Infect 129:203–214"", 
""Velthuis AG, de Jong MCM, De Bree J (2007) Comparing methods to quantify experimental transmission of infectious agents. Math Biosci 210:157–176"", ""Eblé PL, de Koeijer A, Bouma A, Stegeman A, Dekker A (2006) Quantification of within- and between-pen transmission of Foot-and-Mouth disease virus in pigs. Vet Res 37:647–654"", ""Eblé PL, Bouma A, de Bruin MG, van Hemert-Kluitenberg F, van Oirschot JT, Dekker A (2004) Vaccination of pigs two weeks before infection significantly reduces transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Vaccine 22:1372–1378"", 
""Goris NE, Eblé PL, de Jong MCM, De Clercq K (2009) Quantification of foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission rates using published data. Altex 26:52–54"", ""Orsel K, Bouma A, Dekker A, Stegeman JA, de Jong MCM (2009) Foot and mouth disease virus transmission during the incubation period of the disease in piglets, lambs, calves, and dairy cows. Prev Vet Med 88:158–163"", ""Orsel K, de Jong MCM, Bouma A, Stegeman JA, Dekker A (2007) Foot and mouth disease virus transmission among vaccinated pigs after exposure to virus shedding pigs. Vaccine 25:6381–6391"", 
""Orsel K, de Jong MCM, Bouma A, Stegeman JA, Dekker A (2007) The effect of vaccination on foot and mouth disease virus transmission among dairy cows. Vaccine 25:327–335"", ""Charleston B, Bankowski BM, Gubbins S, Chase-Topping ME, Schley D, Howey R, Barnett PV, Gibson D, Juleff ND, Woolhouse MEJ (2011) Relationship between clinical signs and transmission of an infectious disease and the implications for control. Science 332:726–729"", ""van Roermund HJ, Eblé PL, de Jong MCM, Dekker A (2010) No  between-pen transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus in vaccinated pigs. Vaccine 28:4452–4461"", 
""Golde WT, Pacheco JM, Duque H, Doel T, Penfold B, Ferman GS, Gregg DR, Rodriguez LL (2005) Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus confers complete clinical protection in 7 days and partial protection in 4 days: Use in emergency outbreak response. Vaccine 23:5775–5782"", ""Doel TR, Williams L, Barnett PV (1994) Emergency vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease: rate of development of immunity and its implications for the carrier state. Vaccine 12:592–600"", ""Cox SJ, Voyce C, Parida S, Reid SM, Hamblin PA, Paton DJ, Barnett PV (2005) Protection against direct-contact challenge following emergency FMD vaccination of cattle and the effect on virus excretion from the oropharynx. Vaccine 23:1106–1113""
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"Porcine Health Management","2021-02-05","2021-02-05","2021-12","10.1186/s40813-021-00189-z","2025-04-14","2055-5660","1","2021-02-05","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","96","96","41","Infection dynamics and persistence of hepatitis E virus on pig farms – a review","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-021-00189-z","7","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>
                <jats:title>Background</jats:title>
                <jats:p>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 and 4 is a zoonosis that causes hepatitis in humans. Humans can become infected by consumption of pork or contact with pigs. Pigs are the main reservoir of the virus worldwide and the virus is present on most pig farms.</jats:p>
              </jats:sec><jats:sec>
                <jats:title>Main body</jats:title>
                <jats:p>Though HEV is present on most farms, the proportion of infected pigs at slaughter and thus the level of exposure to consumers differs between farms and countries. Understanding the cause of that difference is necessary to install effective measures to lower HEV in pigs at slaughter. Here, HEV studies are reviewed that include infection dynamics of HEV in pigs and on farms, risk factors for HEV farm prevalence, and that describe mechanisms and sources that could generate persistence on farms. Most pigs become infected after maternal immunity has waned, at the end of the nursing or beginning of the fattening phase. Risk factors increasing the likelihood of a high farm prevalence or proportion of actively infected slaughter pigs comprise of factors such as farm demographics, internal and external biosecurity and immunomodulating coinfections. On-farm persistence of HEV is plausible, because of a high transmission rate and a constant influx of susceptible pigs. Environmental sources of HEV that enhance persistence are contaminated manure storages, water and fomites.</jats:p>
              </jats:sec><jats:sec>
                <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>
                <jats:p>As HEV is persistently present on most pig farms, current risk mitigation should focus on lowering transmission within farms, especially between farm compartments. Yet, one should be aware of the paradox of increasing the proportion of actively infected pigs at slaughter by reducing transmission insufficiently. Vaccination of pigs may aid HEV control in the future.</jats:p>
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""10.1017/S0950268814003100"", ""10.3201/eid2108.141995"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.04.028"", ""10.1002/jmv.20741"", ""10.1089/fpd.2012.1369"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.06.026"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-302"", ""10.1017/S0950268813003063"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268813000113"", ""10.3390/v8080236"", ""10.1111/tbed.12435"", ""10.1111/tbed"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.08.022"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-3-9"", NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0105527"", NA, ""10.1051/vetres:2008017"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-102"", ""10.1186/s13567-015-0207-y"", ""10.1089/fpd.2014.1841"", 
""10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01546.x"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2012.02.002"", ""10.1002/jmv.21647"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.08.010"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.04.036"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.08.001"", NA, ""10.1016/j.virusres.2011.04.010"", ""10.1177/104063870601800506"", ""10.1136/vr.154.8.223"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-5-7"", ""10.1128/JCM.42.11.5047-5052.2004"", ""10.1017/S0950268807008941"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-70.12.2889"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.03.008"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0088106"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0139893"", ""10.1007/s00705-010-0679-z"", 
NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.12.007"", ""10.3201/eid2011.140891"", ""10.1086/432488"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.11.068"", ""10.1128/AEM.00436-12"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.06.008"", ""10.1007/s12560-016-9252-6"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.09.030"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.10.019"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.06.003"", ""10.3201/eid1808.111647"", ""10.3201/eid1808.111783"", NA, ""10.1590/S0074-02762012000700016"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2012.04.004"", ""10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0615"", NA, ""10.1007/s12560-017-9281-9"", ""10.1099/vir.0.19242-0"", 
""10.1099/vir.0.82613-0"", ""10.1016/j.jcv.2011.06.006"", ""10.1007/s12560-016-9243-7"", ""10.4269/ajtmh.1995.53.228"", ""10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(200002)60:2<166::AID-JMV10>3.0.CO;2-8"", ""10.1002/jmv.2067"", ""10.1046/j.1365-2893.2001.00290.x"", ""10.1128/CDLI.8.6.1213-1219.2001"", ""10.4269/ajtmh.2002.66.384"", ""10.1128/JCM.40.4.1326-1332.2002"", ""10.1128/JCM.41.8.3602-3608.2003"", ""10.1002/jmv.20059"", ""10.1590/S0074-02762005000200003"", NA, ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.02.016"", ""10.1292/jvms.70.1367"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.11.018"", 
""10.1136/vr.163.9.261"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.001"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01136.x"", ""10.1002/jmv.21246"", NA, ""10.1186/1751-0147-50-12"", ""10.1007/s00705-008-0046-5"", ""10.1016/j.jcv.2009.01.008"", ""10.1128/JCM.01309-08"", NA, ""10.1292/jvms.71.21"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.11.004"", ""10.1007/s00705-009-0544-0"", ""10.1016/j.meegid.2009.09.011"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.05.002"", ""10.1089/vbz.2009.0168"", NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0022673"", NA, ""10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00848.x"", ""10.1016/j.meegid.2011.07.007"", 
""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.024"", ""10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0456"", ""10.1016/j.meegid.2011.04.022"", NA, ""10.3402/iee.v1i0.7331"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01488.x"", ""10.1089/fpd.2012.1141"", ""10.1556/AVet.2013.031"", ""10.1016/j.meegid.2012.12.022"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.09.006"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.018"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.06.004"", ""10.1007/s11250-013-0503-3"", ""10.1016/j.ijid.2014.10.018"", ""10.4269/ajtmh.14-0144"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.06.006"", ""10.1186/1743-422X-11-162"", ""10.1111/zph.12103"", ""10.1007/s00705-015-2538-4"", 
""10.1007/s12560-015-9210-8"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-159"", ""10.1186/s12917-015-0322-z"", ""10.1186/s13620-015-0036-3"", ""10.1111/tbed.12533"", ""10.1007/s12560-016-9231-y"", ""10.1002/jmv.2170"", ""10.1128/JCM.43.4.1684-1688.2005"", ""10.4269/ajtmh.2006.75.1171"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.03.008"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.08.027"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0008156"", ""10.1002/jmv.21553"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.12.011"", ""10.1016/j.meegid.2011.07.009"", ""10.1007/s00705-010-0883-x"", NA), volume = c(""13"", ""140"", ""48"", 
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""N Pavio"", ""M Casas"", ""H Lange"", ""F Widen"", ""N Jiménez de Oya"", ""Jirintai Jinshan"", ""C Crossan"", ""S Grierson"", ""I Bartolo Di"", ""MS Munne"", ""S Hinjoy"", ""W Li"", ""SA Rutjes"", ""S Walachowski"", ""B Wilhelm"", ""YH Lu"", ""F Jori"", ""D Thiry"", ""D Thiry"", ""J Schlosser"", ""K Satou"", ""N Rose"", ""M Andraud"", NA, ""M Bouwknegt"", ""M Andraud"", ""M Salines"", ""T Kantala"", ""M Bouwknegt"", ""JA Backer"", ""Y Kanai"", ""M Casas"", ""N Deus de"", ""DR Santos dos"", ""F Klobasa"", ""BJ Sanford"", ""S Fernández-Barredo"", ""M Banks"", ""M Bouwknegt"", 
""C Kasorndorkbua"", ""M Bouwknegt"", ""M Bouwknegt"", ""M Casas"", ""H Liang"", ""VA Morozov"", ""M Hosmillo"", ""C Kasorndorkbua"", ""I Bartolo Di"", ""N Pavio"", ""SU Emerson"", ""AR Feagins"", ""E Barnaud"", ""S Dorjee"", ""N Nantel-Fortier"", ""M Casas"", ""N Rose"", ""NR Gardinali"", ""A Berto"", ""I Bartolo Di"", NA, ""NR Gardinali"", ""AJ Souza de"", ""S Temmam"", ""S Paula de"", ""O Mykytczuk"", ""Y Yazaki"", ""AR Feagins"", ""JJ Wenzel"", ""FH Heldt"", ""ET Clayson"", ""JC Wu"", ""O Garkavenko"", ""VA Arankalle"", ""D Yoo"", ""MR Withers"", ""FF Huang"", ""IS Choi"", 
""ID Wibawa"", ""CL Vitral"", ""S Fernández-Barredo"", ""K Jung"", ""SE Kim"", ""C Seminati"", ""C McCreary"", ""H Ning"", ""W Zhang"", ""X Li"", ""P Ward"", ""Y Yan"", ""JN Yu"", ""G Reuter"", ""ZJ Shao"", ""G Masia"", ""C Sakano"", ""P Forgách"", ""B Martino Di"", ""M Kaba"", ""JB Geng"", ""SØ Breum"", ""Y Geng"", ""YG Xia"", ""RW Hakze-van der Honing"", ""MC Dell’Amico"", ""M Kaba"", ""A Steyer"", ""DR Santos dos"", ""R Vivek"", ""JV Conlan"", ""Q Shen"", ""N Martinelli"", ""A Berto"", ""S Wacheck"", ""Z Lipej"", ""M de la Caridad Montalvo Villalba"", ""T Kantala"", 
""P Machnowska"", ""D Thiry"", ""MV Costa Lana da"", ""A Aniţă"", ""OA Owolodun"", ""XJ Wang"", ""X Shu"", ""C Burri"", ""M Monini"", ""A Ivanova"", ""N Costanzo"", ""X Liu"", ""M O’Connor"", ""C Caruso"", ""T Merino-Ramos"", ""JC Wu"", ""K Cooper"", ""I Nakai"", ""D Leblanc"", ""N Deus de"", ""W Zhang"", ""M Kaba"", ""F Martelli"", ""R Feng"", ""T Utsumi"", NA), year = c(""2003"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2011"", ""1998"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2017"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2008"", ""2006"", ""2013"", ""2009"", ""2014"", 
""2014"", ""2016"", ""2013"", ""2016"", ""2015"", ""2016"", ""2015"", ""2007"", ""2014"", ""2014"", NA, ""2008"", ""2013"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2009"", ""1987"", ""2011"", ""2006"", ""2004"", ""2009"", ""2004"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""2009"", ""2014"", ""2015"", ""2010"", ""2003"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""2005"", ""2008"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2016"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", NA, ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2017"", ""2003"", ""2007"", ""2011"", ""2016"", ""1995"", ""2000"", ""2001"", ""2001"", ""2001"", ""2002"", ""2002"", ""2003"", 
""2004"", ""2005"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2016"", ""2016"", ""2002"", ""2005"", ""2006"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2011"", 
NA), unstructured = c(""Emerson SU, Purcell RH (2003) Hepatitis E virus. Rev Med Virol 13:145–154"", ""Kamar N, Garrouste C, Haagsma EB, Garrigue V, Pischke S, Chauvet C, Dumortier J, Cannesson A, Cassuto-Viguier E, Thervet E, Conti F, Lebray P, Dalton HR, Santella R, Kanaan N, Essig M, Mousson C, Radenne S, Roque-Afonso AM, Izopet J, Rostaing L (2011) Factors associated with chronic hepatitis in patients with hepatitis E virus infection who have received solid organ transplants. Gastroenterology 140:1481–1489"", 
""Purcell RH, Emerson SU (2008) Hepatitis E: an emerging awareness of an old disease. J Hepatol 48:494–503"", ""Dalton HR, Bendall R, Ijaz S, Banks M (2008) Hepatitis E: an emerging infection in developed countries. Lancet Infect Dis 8:698–709"", ""Rose N, Lunazzi A, Dorenlor V, Merbah T, Eono F, Eloit M, Madec F, Pavio N (2011) High prevalence of hepatitis E virus in French domestic pigs. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 34:419–427"", ""Meng XJ, Halbur PG, Shapiro MS, Govindarajan S, Bruna JD, Mushahwar IK, Purcell RH, Emerson SU (1998) Genetic and experimental evidence for cross-species infection by swine hepatitis E virus. J Virol 72:9714–9721"", 
""Colson P, Borentain P, Queyriaux B, Kaba M, Moal V, Gallian P, Heyries L, Raoult D, Gerolami R (2010) Pig liver sausage as a source of hepatitis E virus transmission to humans. J Infect Dis 202:825–834"", ""Moal V, Gerolami R, Colson P (2012) First human case of co-infection with two different subtypes of hepatitis E virus. Intervirology 55:484–487"", ""Motte A, Roquelaure B, Galambrun C, Bernard F, Zandotti C, Colson P (2012) Hepatitis E in three immunocompromized children in southeastern France. J Clin Virol 53:162–166"", 
""Pavio N, Meng XJ, Renou C (2010) Zoonotic hepatitis E: animal reservoirs and emerging risks. Vet Res 41:46"", ""Casas M, Pujols J, Rosell R, de Deus N, Peralta B, Pina S, Casal J, Martin M (2009) Retrospective serological study on hepatitis E infection in pigs from 1985 to 1997 in Spain. Vet Microbiol 135:248–252"", ""Lange H, Øverbø J, Borgen K, Dudman S, Hoddevik G, Urdahl AM, Vold L, Sjurseth SK (2017) Hepatitis E in Norway: seroprevalence in humans and swine. Epidemiol Infect 145:181–186"", 
""Widen F, Sundqvist L, Matyi-Toth A, Metreveli G, Belak S, Hallgren G, Norder H (2011) Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in humans, pigs and wild boars in Sweden. Epidemiol Infect 139:361–371"", ""Jiménez de Oya N, de Blas I, Blázquez AB, Martin-Acebes MA, Halaihel N, Gironés O, Saiz JC, Escribano-Romero E (2011) Widespread distribution of hepatitis E virus in Spanish pig herds. BMC Res Notes 4:412"", ""Jinshan Jirintai, Manglai D, Takahashi M, Nagashima S, Okamoto H (2010) Molecular and serological survey of hepatitis E virus infection among domestic pigs in Inner Mongolia, China. Arch Virol 155:1217–1226"", 
""Crossan C, Grierson S, Thomson J, Ward A, Nunez-Garcia J, Banks M, Scobie L (2015) Prevalence of hepatitis E virus in slaughter-age pigs in Scotland. Epidemiol Infect 143:2237–2240"", ""Grierson S, Heaney J, Cheney T, Morgan D, Wyllie S, Powell L, Smith D, Ijaz S, Steinbach F, Choudhury B, Tedder RS (2015) Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs at the time of slaughter, United Kingdom, 2013. Emerg Infect Dis 21:1396–1401"", ""Di Bartolo I, Martelli F, Inglese N, Pourshaban M, Caprioli A, Ostanello F, Ruggeri FM (2008) Widespread diffusion of genotype 3 hepatitis E virus among farming swine in Northern Italy. Vet Microbiol 132:47–55"", 
""Munne MS, Vladimirsky S, Otegui L, Castro R, Brajterman L, Soto S, Guarnera E, Molina V, Monfellano M, Schlauder GG, González JE (2006) Identification of the first strain of swine hepatitis E virus in South America and prevalence of anti-HEV antibodies in swine in Argentina. J Med Virol 78:1579–1583"", ""Hinjoy S, Nelson KE, Gibbons RV, Jarman RG, Chinnawirotpisan P, Fernandez S, Tablerk P, Labrique AB, Patchanee P (2013) A cross-sectional study of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs in different-sized farms in northern Thailand. Foodborne Pathog Dis 10:698–704"", 
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""Leblanc D, Ward P, Gagné MJ, Poitras E, Müller P, Trottier YL, Simard C, Houde A (2007) Presence of hepatitis E virus in a naturally infected swine herd from nursery to slaughter. Int J Food Microbiol 117:160–166"", ""de Deus N, Seminati C, Pina S, Mateu E, Martín M, Segalés J (2007) Detection of hepatitis E virus in liver, mesenteric lymph node, serum, bile and faeces of naturally infected pigs affected by different pathological conditions. Vet Microbiol 119:105–114"", ""Zhang W, Yang S, Ren L, Shen Q, Cui L, Fan K, Huang F, Kang Y, Shan T, Wei J, Xiu H, Lou Y, Liu J, Yang Z, Zhu J, Hua X (2009) Hepatitis E virus infection in central China reveals no evidence of cross-species transmission between human and swine in this area. PLoS One 4:e8156"", 
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""Widespread diffusion of genotype 3 hepatitis E virus among farming swine in Northern Italy"", ""Hepatitis E virus"", ""Detection and characterization of infectious hepatitis E virus from commercial pig livers sold in local grocery stores in the USA"", ""Detection of hepatitis E virus shedding in feces of pigs at different stages of production using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction"", ""Comparative pathogenesis of infection of pigs with hepatitis E viruses recovered from a pig and a human"", 
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""Swine hepatitis E virus strains in Japan form four phylogenetic clusters comparable with those of Japanese isolates of human hepatitis E virus"", ""Hepatitis E virus sequences in swine related to sequences in humans, The Netherlands"", ""HEV prevalence in the general population and among workers at zoonotic risk in Latium region"", ""Sporadic acute or fulminant hepatitis E in Hokkaido, Japan, may be food-borne, as suggested by the presence of hepatitis E virus in pig liver as food""), volume = c(""10"", 
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""Schlauder GG, Mushahwar IK: Genetic heterogeneity of hepatitis E virus. J Med Virol. 2001, 65 (2): 282-292. 10.1002/jmv.2031."", ""Meng XJ, Purcell RH, Halbur PG, Lehman JR, Webb DM, Tsareva TS, Haynes JS, Thacker BJ, Emerson SU: A novel virus in swine is closely related to the human hepatitis E virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997, 94 (18): 9860-9865. 10.1073/pnas.94.18.9860."", ""Banks M, Heath GS, Grierson SS, King DP, Gresham A, Girones R, Widen F, Harrison TJ: Evidence for the presence of hepatitis E virus in pigs in the United Kingdom. Vet Rec. 2004, 154 (8): 223-227. 10.1136/vr.154.8.223."", 
""Vulcano A, Angelucci M, Candelori E, Martini V, Patti AM, Mancini C, Santi AL, Calvani A, Casagni L, Lamberti A: HEV prevalence in the general population and among workers at zoonotic risk in Latium Region. Ann Ig. 2007, 19 (3): 181-186."", ""Meng XJ, Wiseman B, Elvinger F, Guenette DK, Toth TE, Engle RE, Emerson SU, Purcell RH: Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E virus in veterinarians working with swine and in normal blood donors in the United States and other countries. J Clin Microbiol. 2002, 40 (1): 117-122. 10.1128/JCM.40.1.117-122.2002."", 
""Yazaki Y, Mizuo H, Takahashi M, Nishizawa T, Sasaki N, Gotanda Y, Okamoto H: Sporadic acute or fulminant hepatitis E in Hokkaido, Japan, may be food-borne, as suggested by the presence of hepatitis E virus in pig liver as food. J Gen Virol. 2003, 84 (Pt 9): 2351-2357."", ""Colson P, Borentain P, Queyriaux B, Kaba M, Moal V, Gallian P, Heyries L, Raoult D, Gerolami R: Pig liver sausage as a source of hepatitis E virus transmission to humans. J Infect Dis. 2010, 202 (6): 825-834. 10.1086/655898."", ""Martelli F, Caprioli A, Zengarini M, Marata A, Fiegna C, Di Bartolo I, Ruggeri FM, Delogu M, Ostanello F: Detection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in a demographic managed wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) population in Italy. Vet Microbiol. 2008, 126 (1–3): 74-81."", 
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""10.3390/vaccines8020168"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.10.050"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.3390/v11030249"", ""10.1080/00128325.1968.11665330"", NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0055830"", ""10.3201/eid2601.181998"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0101226"", NA, ""10.3201/eid2412.180507"", ""10.3390/v11121133"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0007741"", ""10.1111/tbed.12444"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0087145"", NA, ""10.1016/j.micpath.2018.02.027"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.05.010"", NA, ""10.1007/978-3-662-45165-6_6"", NA), article.title = c(""PPR virus threatens wildlife conservation"", 
""Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2019"", ""On the spread of a disease with gamma distributed latent and infectious periods"", NA, NA, NA, ""Bridge hosts, a missing link for disease ecology in multi‐host systems"", NA, NA, NA, ""Early detection of viral excretion from experimentally infected goats with peste‐des‐petits ruminants virus"", NA, NA, ""Evaluation of novel diagnostic tools for peste des petits ruminants virus in naturally infected goat herds"", NA, ""Peste des petits ruminants in Africa: a review of currently available molecular epidemiological data, 2020"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""A reliable and reproducible experimental challenge model for peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Development of a PPRV challenge model in goats and its use to assess the efficacy of a PPR vaccine"", ""Experimental infection of dromedary camels with virulent virus of Peste des Petits Ruminants"", NA, NA, ""Eradication of Peste des Petits Ruminants virus and the wildlife‐livestock interface"", ""A dynamic model of transmission and elimination of peste des petits ruminants in Ethiopia"", 
""Isolation of pestes des petits ruminants virus from an outbreak in Indian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)"", NA, ""Response of white‐tailed deer to infection with peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Determination of the minimum fully protective dose of adenovirus‐based DIVA vaccine against peste des petits ruminants virus challenge in East African goats"", NA, NA, ""Vaccines for lumpy skin disease, sheep pox and goat pox"", NA, NA, NA, ""Virus Excretion and Antibody Dynamics in Goats Inoculated with a Field Isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus"", 
NA, NA, ""Rescue of a vaccine strain of peste des petits ruminants virus: in vivo evaluation and comparison with standard vaccine"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Quantifying levels of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in excretions from experimentally infected goats and its importance for nascent PPR eradication programme"", ""Inter‐relationships between virus infections of came and domestic animals"", ""Investigations of rinderpest antibody in East African wildlife, 1967–1971"", NA, ""Outbreak of Peste des Petits Ruminants among Critically Endangered Mongolian Saiga and Other Wild Ungulates, Mongolia, 2016–2017"", 
NA, NA, ""Neglected hosts of small ruminant morbillivirus"", ""Camelids and cattle are dead‐end hosts for peste‐des‐petits‐ruminants virus"", NA, ""Capripoxvirus diseases: current status and opportunities for control"", NA, NA, ""Expression kinetics of ISG15, IRF3, IFNγ, IL10, IL2 and IL4 genes vis‐a‐vis virus shedding, tissue tropism and antibody dynamics in PPRV vaccinated, challenged, infected sheep and goats"", ""Experimental infection of sheep and goats with a recent isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus from Kurdistan"", 
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NA, ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", NA, NA, ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Viruses"", NA, ""Transboundary and emerging diseases"", NA, NA, ""Microbial Pathogenesis"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", NA, NA, ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal""), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Response strategy: Peste des petits ruminants(version 5.0). Australian Veterinary Emergency Plan (AUSVETPLAN)"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Principales maladies infectieuses et parasitaires du bétail‐ Europe et régions chaudes"", NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Epidemiology and Control of Peste des Petits Ruminants (ECo‐PPR): Field researcher manual"", ""Modeling infectious diseases in humans and animals"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Peste des petits ruminants virus"", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bamouh Z, Fakri F, Jazouli M, Safini N, Omari Tadlaoui K and Elharrak M, 2019. Peste des petits ruminants pathogenesis on experimental infected goats by the Moroccan 2015 isolate. BMC Veterinary Research, 15."", 
""Begum S, Nooruzzaman M, Hasnat A, Islam MR and Chowdhury EH, 2020. Sequential haematological and serum biochemical changes in Black Bengal goats infected with a local isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus from Bangladesh."", NA, ""CFSPH (Center for food security and public health), 2015. Peste des Petits Ruminants."", ""Charbonnier G, Laveissière G, Lancelot R, Lefrançois T, Libeau G, Minet C and Domenech J, 2015. La peste des petits ruminants: La PPR."", ""CIRAD (French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development), 2019. Sampling instructions for diagnostic investigation of suspected cases of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR). Available online: https://eurl-ppr.cirad.fr/about/peste-des-petits-ruminants [Accessed: 1 February 2021]."", 
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""Economic losses associated with Peste des petits ruminants in Turkana County Kenya"", ""Rinderpest: the veterinary perspective on eradication"", ""Peste des petits ruminants, the next eradicated animal disease?"", NA, ""[Attenuation of a strain of rinderpest virus: potential homologous live vaccine]"", ""The threat of peste des petits ruminants: progress in vaccine development for disease control"", ""Peste des Petits Ruminants Vaccine (Nigerian Strain 75/1) Confers Protection for at Least 3 Years in Sheep and Goats"", 
""Immunité passive colostrale chez les jeunes issus des chèvres et brebis vaccinées avec le vaccin antipeste des petits ruminants"", ""Post vaccination and colostral peste des petits ruminants antibody dynamics in research flocks of Kirdi goats and Foulbe sheep of north Cameroon"", ""Assessment of the duration of maternal antibodies specific to the homologous peste des petits ruminant vaccine “Nigeria 75/1” in Djallonké lambs"", ""Maternal antibodies: clinical significance, mechanism of interference with immune responses, and possible vaccination strategies"", 
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""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants among domestic small and large ruminants in the semi-arid region of North-eastern Nigeria"", ""Sero-epidemiology of Peste des petits ruminants virus infection in Turkana County, Kenya"", NA, ""Prevalence of peste des petits ruminants in the arid zone in the Republic of Niger"", ""Peste des petits ruminants virus, Mauritania"", ""Control of peste des petits ruminants: classical and new generation vaccines"", ""Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information-theoretic approach"", 
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NA, NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Ecology Letters"", ""Ecological Modelling"", ""Agricultural Systems"", NA, NA, NA, ""Science"", ""Epidemiologic Reviews"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""EFSA Journal"", NA, NA, ""Revue d’Élevage et de Médecine vétérinaire des Pays tropicaux"", NA, ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""International Water Management Institute"", NA, ""Mathematical and Computer Modelling"", ""Bulletin of Mathematical Biology"", ""Journal of Reproduction and Fertility"", 
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NA, ""L’information géographique"", NA, NA, ""Journal of Animal Science"", ""Reproduction Nutrition Development"", ""Small Ruminant Research"", ""Journal of Dairy Science"", ""Disease control priorities in developing countries"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Medical Decision Making"", ""PLoS ONE"", ""International Immunopharmacology"", ""PLoS Pathogens"", ""PLoS ONE"", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""FAO, OIE. Global Strategy for the Control and Eradication of PPR. FAO and OIE; 2015."", 
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""Sarr J, Diop M. Rinderpest in Senegal: Results of two years of seromonitoring 1991–1992. In: Jeggo RE M &amp; Geiger, editor. Research Co-ordination Meeting of the FAO//AEA/SIDA/OAU/IBAR/PARC Co-ordinated Research Programme organized by the Joint FAO!IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture and held in Cairo, Egypt, 7–11 November 1993; 1994. p. 195–204."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Lesnoff M, Lancelot R, Moulin CH, Messad S, Juanès X, Sahut C. Calculation of demographic parameters in tropical livestock herds. Quae; 2011. <comment>Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"" ext-link-type=\""uri\"" xlink:href=\""http://livtools.cirad.fr\"" xlink:type=\""simple\"">http://livtools.cirad.fr</ext-link></comment>""
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""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0331|efs23985-cit-0331"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0332|efs23985-cit-0332"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0333|efs23985-cit-0333"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0334|efs23985-cit-0334"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0335|efs23985-cit-0335"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0336|efs23985-cit-0336"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0337|efs23985-cit-0337"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0338|efs23985-cit-0338"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0339|efs23985-cit-0339"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0340|efs23985-cit-0340"", 
""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0341|efs23985-cit-0341"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0342|efs23985-cit-0342"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0343|efs23985-cit-0343"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0344|efs23985-cit-0344"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0345|efs23985-cit-0345"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0346|efs23985-cit-0346"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0347|efs23985-cit-0347"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0348|efs23985-cit-0348"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0349|efs23985-cit-0349"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0350|efs23985-cit-0350"", 
""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0351|efs23985-cit-0351"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0352|efs23985-cit-0352"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0353|efs23985-cit-0353"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0354|efs23985-cit-0354"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0355|efs23985-cit-0355"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0356|efs23985-cit-0356"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0357|efs23985-cit-0357"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0358|efs23985-cit-0358"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0359|efs23985-cit-0359"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0360|efs23985-cit-0360"", 
""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0361|efs23985-cit-0361"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0362|efs23985-cit-0362"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0363|efs23985-cit-0363"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0364|efs23985-cit-0364"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0365|efs23985-cit-0365"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0366|efs23985-cit-0366"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0367|efs23985-cit-0367"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0368|efs23985-cit-0368"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0369|efs23985-cit-0369"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0370|efs23985-cit-0370"", 
""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0371|efs23985-cit-0371"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0372|efs23985-cit-0372"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0373|efs23985-cit-0373"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0374|efs23985-cit-0374"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0375|efs23985-cit-0375"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0376|efs23985-cit-0376"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3985-BIB0377|efs23985-cit-0377""), first.page = c(""655"", ""51"", ""745"", ""306"", ""241"", ""151"", ""38"", ""181"", ""203"", NA, ""225"", ""402"", ""119"", ""2885"", ""238"", ""22"", 
""1753"", ""293"", ""2603"", ""16"", ""1571"", ""194"", NA, NA, ""3772"", ""263"", ""869"", ""178"", ""17"", ""98"", ""585"", ""214"", ""26"", ""153"", ""113"", NA, ""88"", ""5591"", ""311"", NA, NA, NA, ""334"", ""3738"", NA, NA, ""517"", NA, NA, ""321"", NA, ""671"", ""541"", ""673"", ""77"", ""276"", ""240"", ""3349"", ""24"", ""173"", ""1"", ""202"", ""471"", NA, ""161"", ""593"", ""63"", ""42"", ""191"", ""1223"", ""168"", ""103"", ""935"", ""2037"", ""300"", ""50"", ""81"", ""63"", ""2137"", ""45"", ""217"", NA, ""207"", ""120"", NA, ""1844"", NA, ""708"", ""951"", ""148"", NA, ""118"", NA, ""287"", ""324"", NA, 
""265"", NA, ""1"", ""97"", NA, ""479"", ""4728"", ""173"", ""314"", NA, NA, ""785"", ""2307"", ""149"", ""469"", ""43"", ""2878"", ""194"", NA, ""44"", NA, ""765"", ""35"", ""15"", ""893"", ""5842"", ""94"", ""23"", ""135"", NA, ""12579"", ""219"", ""140"", ""68"", ""199"", ""206"", ""273"", ""174"", ""18"", ""85"", ""161"", ""373"", ""63"", NA, ""60"", ""A93"", ""212"", ""593"", ""160"", ""9"", ""32"", ""5"", ""807"", ""384"", ""288"", NA, ""165"", ""18"", ""55"", ""1329"", ""323"", ""206"", ""43"", ""48"", ""195"", ""157"", ""301"", ""85"", ""2"", ""56"", ""1795"", ""256"", ""544"", ""30"", ""16"", ""3011"", ""266"", ""56"", ""4842"", 
""1329"", ""27"", ""483"", ""37"", ""1158"", ""12"", ""87"", ""42"", ""268"", ""1389"", ""152"", ""401"", ""363"", ""64"", ""118"", ""349"", ""64"", ""175"", ""1"", ""103"", ""18"", ""204"", ""39"", ""967"", ""331"", ""169"", ""5"", NA, ""73"", ""41"", ""149"", ""37"", ""1043"", ""211"", ""258"", ""39"", ""156"", ""655"", ""183"", ""141"", ""147"", ""809"", ""128"", ""155"", ""68"", ""79"", ""89"", ""1661"", ""927"", ""573"", ""332"", ""1197"", ""1449"", ""413"", ""241"", ""217"", ""246"", ""285"", ""16"", ""773"", ""119"", ""174"", ""1"", ""1197"", ""89"", ""321"", ""16"", ""118"", ""234"", ""1"", ""413"", ""299"", ""333"", ""374"", ""861"", 
""152"", ""521"", ""34"", ""246"", ""1"", ""363"", ""232"", ""191"", ""146"", ""131"", ""72"", ""114"", ""63"", ""185"", ""19"", ""5"", ""317"", ""200"", ""355"", ""32"", ""109"", ""11"", ""135"", ""893"", ""325"", ""232"", ""217"", ""132"", ""146"", ""964"", ""11"", ""22"", ""551"", ""542"", ""65"", ""15"", ""100"", ""807"", ""2155"", ""3"", ""249"", ""361"", ""153"", ""159"", ""139"", ""31"", ""1"", ""17"", ""15"", ""423"", ""815"", ""169"", ""223"", ""81"", ""243"", ""89"", ""53"", ""19"", ""40"", ""35"", ""17"", ""421"", ""55"", ""224"", ""39"", ""55"", ""181"", ""151"", ""776"", ""50"", ""133"", ""295"", ""367"", ""225"", ""96"", ""15"", ""19"", 
""125"", ""1075"", ""278"", ""49"", ""169"", NA, ""53"", ""17"", ""11"", ""13"", ""209"", NA, NA, NA, ""300"", ""89"", ""2096"", NA, ""1367"", ""134"", ""22"", ""1"", ""288"", ""401"", ""745"", NA, ""256"", ""279"", ""228"", ""89"", ""383"", NA, ""1223"", ""889"", ""3011"", NA, ""225"", ""402"", ""168"", ""333"", ""259"", ""655"", ""352"", ""207"", ""861"", ""1349"", ""317"", ""307"", NA, ""453""), article.title = c(""An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants in migratory flocks of sheep and goats in Egypt in 2006"", ""Antibody seroprevalences against peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in camels, cattle, goats and sheep in Ethiopia"", 
""Evidence of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection in Sindh Ibex (Capra aegagrus blythi) in Pakistan as confirmed by detection of antigen and antibody"", ""Monkey CV1 cell line expressing the sheep-goat SLAM protein: a highly sensitive cell line for the isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from pathological specimens"", ""PPR virus infection on sheep in Black Sea region of Turkey: Epidemiology and diagnosis by RT-PCR and virus isolation"", ""A serologic investigation for Peste des petits ruminants infection in sheep, cattle and camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Aydın province, West Anatolia"", 
""Peste des Petits Ruminants, the next eradicated animal disease?"", ""Erste pathomorphologische und immunhistologiche Beschreibung der peste des petits ruminants bei den Lammern in der Turkei"", ""A serological survey of rinderpest antibody in wildlife and sheep and goats in northern Tanzania"", NA, ""The detection of antibodies against peste des petits ruminants virus in cattle, sheep and goats and the possible implications to rinderpest control programmes"", ""First serological investigation of peste-des-petits-ruminants and Rift Valley fever in Tunisia"", 
""Full genome sequence of peste des petits ruminants virus, a member of the Morbillivirus genus"", ""Global distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus and prospects for improved diagnosis and control"", ""Detection and genetic characterization of peste des petits ruminants virus in free-living bharals (Pseudois nayaur) in Tibet, China"", ""Early changes in cytokine expression in peste des petits ruminants disease"", ""Wild-type rinderpest virus uses SLAM (CD150) as its receptor"", ""Rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses"", 
""Rinderpest viruses lacking the C and V proteins show specific defects in growth and transcription of viral RNAs"", ""Peste des petits ruminants: a suitable candidate for eradication?"", ""Development of a dual recombinant vaccine to protect small ruminants against peste-des-petits-ruminants virus and capripoxvirus infections"", ""Using participatory epidemiological techniques to estimate the relative incidence and impact on livelihoods of livestock diseases amongst nomadic pastoralists in Turkana South District, Kenya"", 
NA, NA, ""Protective efficacy of a single immunization with capripoxvirus-vectored recombinant peste des petits ruminants vaccines in presence of preexisting immunity"", ""Natural peste des petits ruminants virus infection in Black Bengal goats: virological, pathological and immunohistochemical investigation"", ""Surveillance of wildlife as a tool for monitoring rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants in West Africa"", ""Evaluation of the virulence of some strains of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV) in experimentally infected West African dwarf goats"", 
""Rapid and sensitive detection of peste des petits ruminants virus by a polymerase chain reaction assay"", ""pH and thermal stability of rinderpest virus"", ""Modelling the spread of phocine distemper virus among harbour seals"", ""First evidence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus circulation in Algeria (Sahrawi territories): outbreak investigation and virus lineage identification"", ""Humoral antibody response in animals infected with virulent rinderpest virus"", ""Recent epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)"", 
""Control of peste des petits ruminants: classical and new generation vaccines"", NA, ""Goat immune response to capripox vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin protein of peste des petits ruminants"", ""The threat of peste des petits ruminants: progress in vaccine development for disease control"", ""Atténuation d'une souche de virus de la peste des petits ruminants: candidat pour un vaccin homologue"", NA, ""Assessing Risk of Introduction via Import"", NA, ""Peste des petits ruminants virus, Mauritania"", ""A reliable and reproducible experimental challenge model for peste des petits ruminants virus"", 
NA, NA, ""Persistent detection of peste de petits ruminants antigen in the faeces of recovered goats"", NA, NA, ""Adaptation du virus de la PPR aux cultures cellulaire"", ""Etude de l'effet de la peste des petits ruminants sur la productivité des troupeaux caprins au sénégal"", ""Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008-2012"", ""Pathogenicity of a local peste des petits ruminants virus isolate in sheep in Turkey"", ""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa) in Turkey"", 
""Traditional and ancient rural economy in Mediterranean Europe: plus ça change?"", ""Etiology of the stomatitis pneumoenteritis complex in Nigerian dwarf goats"", ""Experimental infection of alpine goats with a Moroccan strain of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)"", ""Inhibition of host peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation ex vivo by Rinderpest virus"", ""Recombinant adenovirus expressing the haemagglutinin of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) protects goats against challenge with pathogenic virus; a DIVA vaccine for PPR"", 
""Fatalities in Wild Goats in Kurdistan Associated with Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus"", ""Observations on the survival and infectivity of airborne rinderpest virus"", ""Comparative efficacy of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccines available in Pakistan in sheep and goats"", ""Evidence of identification of peste des petits ruminants from goats in Egypt"", NA, ""An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in camels in the Sudan"", ""The incursion, persistence and spread of peste des petits ruminants in Tanzania: epidemiological patterns and predictions"", 
""Re-infection of wildlife populations with rinderpest virus on the periphery of the Somali ecosystem in East Africa"", ""Pastoralism: A critical asset for food security under global climate change"", ""Concurrent peste des petits ruminants virus and pestivirus infection in stillborn twin lambs"", ""Asian lineage of peste des petits ruminants virus, Africa"", ""Quantitative one-step real-time RT-PCR for the fast detection of the four genotypes of PPRV"", ""Pneumopathies enzootiques des petits ruminants en Mauritanie: situation d'ensemble et approche expérimentale"", 
""Peste des petits ruminants"", ""Peste des petits ruminants infection among cattle and wildlife in Northern Tanzania"", ""Rapid differential diagnosis of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants using an immunocapture ELISA"", ""Development of a competitive ELISA for detecting antibodies to the peste des petits ruminants virus using a recombinant nucleoprotein"", ""Studies on the pathogenesis of rinderpest in experimental cattle I. Correlation of clinical signs, viraemia and virus excretion by various routes"", 
""Virus Excretion and Antibody Dynamics in Goats Inoculated with a Field Isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Vaccination of cattle with attenuated rinderpest virus stimulates CD4(+) T cell responses with broad viral antigen specificity"", ""The potential risks to animal health from imported sheep and goat meat"", NA, NA, ""The isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from northern India"", ""Experimental infection of domestic pigs with the virus of peste des petits ruminants"", ""Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus"", 
""The role of traditional farming practices in ecosystem conservation: The case of transhumance and vultures"", NA, ""Prevalence, distribution, and host range of Peste des petits ruminants virus, Turkey"", ""Pathological, serological, and virological findings in sheep infected simultaneously with Bluetongue, Peste-des-petits-ruminants, and Sheeppox viruses"", NA, NA, ""Long-term studies of the immunity in East African Cattle following inoculation with rinderpest culture vaccine"", ""Early events following experimental infection with Peste-Des-Petits ruminants virus suggest immune cell targeting"", 
""Experimental studies on immunosuppressive effects of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in goats"", ""Evaluation of efficacy of stabilizers on the thermostability of live attenuated thermo-adapted Peste des petits ruminants vaccines"", NA, ""Detection of antibodies of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses (Paramyxoviridae, Morbillivirus) during a new epizootic disease in Ethiopian camels (Camelus dromedarius)"", ""Studio della Peste dei Piccoli Ruminanti nei territori saharawi"", ""Rinderpest seroprevalence in wildlife in Kenya and Tanzania, 1982-1993"", 
""The ecological and economic rationale for transhumance practices in Spain’. Examples of European Agri-Environment Schemes and Livestock Systems and Their Influence on Spanish Cultural Landscapes'"", ""Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Morocco"", ""Comparative efficacy of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccines"", ""Comparative efficacy of various chemical stabilizers on the thermostability of a live-attenuated peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccine"", ""Receptor interactions, tropism, and mechanisms involved in morbillivirus-induced immunomodulation"", 
""Recombinant measles viruses defective for RNA editing and V protein synthesis are viable in cultured cells"", NA, ""Heat inactivation of rinderpest-infected bovine tissues"", ""Vaccines against peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Control of ruminant morbillivirus replication by small interfering RNA"", ""Geographic distribution and epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Rinderpest outbreak in free-living wildlife in Nigeria"", ""Determination of efficacy of thermostable ppr live homologous vaccine incubated at room temperature for 14 days"", 
""Testing a new formulation for Peste des Petits Ruminants vaccine in Ethiopia"", ""Estimation of economic losses due to Peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in India"", NA, ""Emergence of peste des petits ruminants virus lineage IV in Ismailia Province, Egypt"", ""Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus, Tunisia, 2012-2013"", NA, ""Peste des petits ruminants and serological and virological investigation of rinderpest infection (Koyun ve keçilerde küçük ruminantların vebası (peste des petits ruminants) ve sı$gnır vebası enfeksiyonlarının serolojik ve virolojik olarak araştırılması)"", 
""The serological prevalence of peste des petits ruminants in Turkey (Türkiye'de küçük ruminantların vebasının (peste des petits ruminants) serolojik olarak prevalansının belirlenmesi)"", ""SLAM (CDw150) is a cellular receptor for measles virus"", ""Morbilliviruses use signaling lymphocyte activation molecules (CD 150) as cellular receptors"", ""The isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from Nigerian sheep and goats"", ""Kurdish Transhumance: Pastoral practices in South-east Turkey"", ""Characteristic and Non-characteristic Pathological Findings in Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) of Sheep in the Ege District of Turkey"", 
""Peste des petits ruminants virus tissue tropism and pathogenesis in sheep and goats following experimental infection"", ""A ferret model of canine distemper virus virulence and immunosuppression"", ""Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in camelids with own investigation"", ""Experimental infection of sheep and goats with a recent isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus from Kurdistan"", ""Rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants - the diseases: clinical signs and pathology"", ""Pathogenesis of rinderpest virus infection in rabbits I. Clinical signs, immune response, histological changes, and virus growth patterns"", 
""Pathogenesis of rinderpest virus infection in rabbits. II. Effect of rinderpest virus on the immune functions of rabbits"", ""mmunohistochemical detection of peste des petits ruminants viral antigens in tissues from cases of naturally occurring pneumonia in goats"", ""Epidemiological investigations of a peste des petits ruminants (PPR) outbreak in Afghan sheep in Pakistan"", ""Seroprevalence and risk factors of Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep in Kassala and North Kordofan States of the Sudan"", ""Gajendragad, K. Prabhudas and H. Rahman. Prevalence of Peste-des-petits-ruminant virus antibodies in cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats in India"", 
""Molecular detection of peste des petits ruminants virus from different organs/tissues of naturally infected animals"", ""Comparative immunogenicity of two peste des petitis ruminants (PPR) vaccines in South Indian sheep and goats under field conditions"", ""Virus Excretion and Antibody Dynamics in Goats Inoculated with a Field Isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Prevalence of peste des petits ruminants in the arid zone in the Republic of Niger"", ""Genetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from Pakistan"", 
""Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Virus Infections in Goats in the Eastern Anatolia of Turkey"", ""Detection and sequencing of field isolates of peste des petits ruminants virus from Punjab province, Pakistan"", ""The incursion, persistence and spread of peste des petits ruminants in Tanzania: epidemiological patterns and predictions"", ""Characterization of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus, Eritrea, 2002-2011"", ""Development of the Duplex Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Goat Pox Virus and Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus"", 
""Phylogenetic analysis of Peste des petits ruminants virus isolated from district Gujranwala, Pakistan"", ""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in Mali"", ""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants among domestic small and large ruminants in the semi-arid region of North-eastern Nigeria"", ""Incidence of Peste des petits ruminants in nomadic sheep and goat of Jammu region"", ""Comparative evaluation of RT-PCR with sandwich-ELISA for detection of Peste des petits ruminant in sheep and goats"", 
""Genetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from Pakistan"", ""Occurrence of Peste Des Petitis Ruminants in Five Districts of Punjab, Pakistan"", ""Seroprevalence of two important viral diseases in small ruminants in Marawi Province Northern State, Sudan"", ""Development of an Epitope-Based Competitive ELISA for the Detection of Antibodies against Tibetan Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus"", ""Prevalence of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants virus before and during outbreaks of the disease in Awash Fentale district, Afar, Ethiopia"", 
""Sample type is vital for diagnosing infection with peste des petits ruminants virus by reverse transcription PCR"", ""Sandwich ELISA based evaluation of clinical samples for Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus detection"", ""Banyard. Natural infection with peste des petits ruminants virus: A pre and post vaccinal assessment following an outbreak scenario"", ""Rescue of recombinant peste des petits ruminants virus: creation of a GFP-expressing virus and application in rapid virus neutralization test"", 
""Risk of seroconversion to peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and its association with species, sex, age and migration"", ""Seroprevalence and sero-conversion after vaccination against Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats from Awash Fentale District, Afar, Ethiopia"", ""Seroprevalence of Peste des petits ruminants in cattle and buffaloes from Southern Peninsular India"", ""Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Isolated from Outbreaks in Punjab, Pakistan"", ""Epidemiological investigation into the introduction and factors for spread of Peste des Petits Ruminants, southern Tanzania"", 
""Comparison of genes as target for molecular diagnosis of peste des petits ruminants in goats"", ""Development of a real-time fluorescence RT-PCR assay to differentiate vaccine strain from isolate strain of peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Clinico-pathological findings of the 2011 outbreak of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in Tandahimba district, southern Tanzania"", ""Peste des petits ruminants in Kenya; pastoralist knowledge of the disease in goats in Samburu and Baringo Counties"", ""Establishment of RT-qPCR assay for differentiation of vaccine strain and virulent wild strain of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)"", 
""Studies on incidence of peste des petits ruminants in goats of Indore district of Madhya Pradesh"", ""Tissue Distribution and Relative Quantitation of Experimental Infection with Peste Des Petits Ruminant Virus in Goats Using Real-Time PCR (TaqMan (R))"", ""Seroepidemiology of Peste des Petits Ruminants in organized livestock farms of Gujarat"", ""Assessment of seroconversion against Peste des petits ruminants vaccine among sheep and goats in Buchanan, Liberia"", ""Survey on Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in small ruminants"", 
""Prevalence of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants virus before and during outbreaks of the disease in Awash Fentale district, Afar, Ethiopia"", ""Serological determination of pestivirus, bluetongue virus and peste des petits ruminants virus in small ruminants in Samsun province of Turkey"", ""Prokaryotic expression of main antigen region of N protein of peste des petits ruminants virus and the development of indirect ELISA"", ""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants under different managemental conditions"", 
""Molecular diagnosis of recent suspected outbreaks of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria"", ""Development of an Indirect ELISA with Artificially Synthesized N Protein of PPR Virus"", ""Sero-epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Pakistan"", ""Improvement and development of rapid chromatographic strip-tests for the diagnosis of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses"", ""Occurrence of Dual Infection of Peste-Des-Petits-Ruminants and Goatpox in Indigenous Goats of Central India"", 
""Simultaneous Detection of Rift Valley Fever, Bluetongue, Rinderpest, and Peste des Petits Ruminants Viruses by a Single-Tube Multiplex Reverse Transcriptase-PCR Assay Using a Dual-Priming Oligonucleotide System"", ""Evidence of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Serology of Sheep and Goats from Sindh, Pakistan"", ""A real time RT-PCR assay for the specific detection of Peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Evidence of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Antibodies in Small Ruminants in Amuru and Gulu Districts, Uganda"", 
""Isolation of peste des petitis ruminants virus from small ruminants in Gujarat"", ""Seroprevalence of PPR in sheep and goats of North Gujarat"", ""Clinical, Haematological, Biochemical and Pathological Findings in Lambs with Peste des Petits Ruminants"", ""Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) outbreak in sheep and goats in Maharashtra: laboratory confirmation by s-ELISA (Mukteshwar) and vero cell culture"", ""Seroprevalence of antibodies against peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep and goat in Kingdom Saudia Arabia"", 
""Peste des petits ruminants virus infection of goats in Bangladesh: pathological investigation, molecular detection and isolation of the virus"", ""Comparison of antigen detection methods of peste des petits ruminants virus in clinical samples of small ruminants"", ""Seroprevalence of Peste des petits ruminants antibodies in sheep and goats after vaccination in Karamoja, Uganda: implication on control"", ""Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenic analysis of Fusion (F) epitope for Egyptian pestes des petit ruminants virus (PPRV) predicting unique criteria stated as Egypt 2009"", 
""PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS IN SUCKLING LAMBS CASE REPORT"", ""Preparation of monoclonal antibodies against Peste des petits ruminant virus (PPRV) nucleoprotein and establishment of a competitive ELISA for the detection of PPRV antibodies"", ""Outbreak of peste des petits ruminants in West African Dwarf goats in Eruwa, Southwestern Nigeria"", ""Post outbreak profile of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus antibodies in relation with vaccination in recovered goats"", ""Detection of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep by using immunocapture ELISA"", 
NA, ""Immune response of goats to thermostable PPR vaccine in Bangladesh"", ""The use of pathological and histopathological techniques in the diagnosis of peste des petits ruminants in India"", ""Peste des Petits Ruminants serological survey in Karamoja sub region of Uganda by competitive ELISA"", ""Rapid detection of peste des petits ruminants virus by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay"", ""Isolation and identification of virulent peste des petits ruminants viruses from PPR outbreaks in India"", 
""Prevalence of Peste des Petits Ruminants (KATA) in Sheep and Goats of Punjab"", ""An outbreak of Peste Des Petits ruminants (PPR) in small ruminants"", ""A study on ELISA with a recombinant N-protein as antigen for the detection of PPRV antibody"", ""RNA extraction of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) from clinical samples using Tri-reagent and Acid guanidinium thiocyanatephenol-chloroform methods"", ""An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants in migratory flocks of sheep and goats in Egypt in 2006"", 
""Seroprevalence of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants at various governmental livestock farms of Punjab, Pakistan"", ""Seroprevalence of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus antibodies in goats and sheep in North-Eastern Uganda"", ""The prevalence of antibodies to Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) in goats from rural and urban communities in Ibadan, Nigeria"", ""Development and preliminary application of indirect ELISA based on PPRV recombinant antigen protein"", ""Seroprevalance of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in goats and its effective management"", 
""An outbreak of Peste des Petits Ruminants Among Thelichery Breed of Goats"", ""Peste des petits ruminants outbreak in small ruminants of northern areas of Pakistan"", ""Prevalence of Peste des petitis ruminants infection in sheep and goat farms at the central region of Saudi Arabia"", ""Current situation of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in the Sudan"", ""Evidence of mixed infection of peste des petits ruminants virus and bluetongue virus in a flock of goats as confirmed by detection of antigen, antibody and nucleic acid of both the viruses"", 
""Prevalence and distribution of Peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies in various districts of Tanzania"", ""Confirmed diagnosis by RT-PCR and phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants viruses in Tibet, China"", ""The early detection of peste-despetits-ruminants (PPR) virus antigens and nucleic acid from experimentally infected goats using RT-PCR and immunocapture ELISA techniques"", ""Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection; Its association with species, seasonal variations and geography"", 
""Antibody seroprevalences against Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep and goats in Sudan"", ""Comparative efficacy of standard AGID and precipitinogen inhibition test with monoclonal antibodies based competitive ELISA for the serology of Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats"", ""PPR virus infection on sheep in blacksea region of Turkey: Epidemiology and diagnosis by RT-PCR and virus isolation"", ""Peste des petitis ruminants morbillivirus infection in lambs and young goats at Qassim region, Saudi Arabia"", 
""Comparative efficacy of single radial haemolysis test and countercurrent immunoelectroosmophoresis with monoclonal antibodies-based competitive ELISA for the serology of Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats"", ""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in maharashtra"", ""Molecular detection of Peste des petits ruminant virus by using F, N and H genes based RT-PCR"", ""Epidemiology and diagnosis of Peste des petits ruminants in Karnataka"", ""Isolation and identification of peste des petits ruminants virus by cell culture and immunocapture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay"", 
""Epidemiological investigations of a peste des petits ruminants (ppr) outbreak in afghan sheep in pakistan"", ""Utilization of protein-A in immuno-histochemical techniques for detection of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) virus antigens in tissues of experimentally infected goats"", ""Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection; its association with species, seasonal variations and geography"", ""Prevalence of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) in Mardan, Hangu and Kohat district of Pakistan; comparative analysis of PPRV suspected serum samples using competitive ELISA (cELISA) and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID)"", 
""Efficacy of homologous peste des petits ruminants vaccine on sheep and goats at Dengi, Plateau State, Nigeria"", ""Molecular detection of Peste des petits ruminant virus by using F, N and H genes based RT-PCR"", ""Sero-prevalence of Peste-des-Petits ruminants in small ruminants in Karnataka"", ""Development and application of latex agglutination test for detection of PPR virus"", ""Incidence of PPR virus in Gujarat by s-ELISA and molecular detection by F, N and H gene based RT-PCR"", ""Comparative efficacy of standard AGID and precipitinogen inhibition test with monoclonal antibodies based competitive ELISA for the serology of Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats"", 
""Seromonitoring of Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) in goats (Capra hircus) of Parbhani region of Maharashtra"", ""Detection of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus antibodies in sheep and goat populations of the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) of Pakistan by competitive ELISA (cELISA)"", ""Establishment of a rapid method for detection of peste des petits ruminants virus by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification"", ""The epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants in Pakistan and possible control policies"", 
""Prevalence and distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus infection in small ruminants"", ""The detection of antibody against peste des petits ruminants virus in Sheep, Goats, Cattle and Buffaloes"", ""Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in Ethiopia: Analysis of a national serological survey"", ""Detection of peste des petits ruminants virus antigen using immunofiltration and antigen-competition ELISA methods"", ""Seroprevalence of, and risk factors for, peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in Northern Jordan"", 
""Rapid detection of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) virus antigen in Sudan by agar gel precipitation (AGPT) and haemagglutination (HA) Tests"", ""Development of one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for detection and quantitation of peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Concurrent peste des petits ruminants virus and pestivirus infection in stillborn twin lambs"", ""Expression of peste des petits ruminants virus N protein and development of indirect ELISA"", ""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in sheep in Chhattisgarh"", 
""An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants in goats at district lahore"", ""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus in goats, sheep and cattle at livestock production research institute bahadurnagar okara"", ""Molecular diagnosis of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants virus using trizol reagent"", ""Sero-surveillance and immunization in sheep and goats against peste des petits ruminants in Bangladesh"", ""An out break of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in goats in district Chitral, N.W.F.P., Pakistan"", 
""Serologic prevalence of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Soum province, north of Burkina Faso"", ""Prevalence and mortality rate of peste des petitis ruminant (ppr): possible association with abortion in goat"", ""Performance of RT-PCR-ELISA for the detection of peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Development of an indirect ELISA for the detection of antibodies against peste-des-petits-ruminants virus in small ruminants"", ""Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) outbreaks in sheep and goats in Punjab"", ""Sero-prevalence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep and goats in Punjab Province of Pakistan"", 
""Studies on determination of peste des petits ruminants antibodies in goats by c-ELISA in Madhya Pradesh"", ""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in sheep and goat"", ""Detection of peste des petits ruminants antigen in clinical samples"", ""Comparison of diagnostic efficacy of a monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA test with a similar commercial test for the detection of antibodies to Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus"", ""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in goats by cELISA test in Tamil Nadu"", 
""The M and N genes-based simplex and multiplex PCRs are better than the F or H gene-based simplex PCR for Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus"", ""The role of camels in dessimination of peste des petits ruminants virus among sheep and goats in Saudi Arabia"", ""An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) at Aswan Province, Egypt evaluation of some novel tools for diagnosis of PPR"", ""Detection of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus in Black Bengal goats using PCR"", ""Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in and around Haryana state"", 
""Seroprevalence of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in small ruminants of Gujarat State"", ""Studies on incidences of Peste-des-petits-ruminants in Black Bengal goat in Nadia District of West Bengal and their curative measures"", ""Rapid competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Epidemiological observations on peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in Haryana"", ""The isolation of PPR virus, pathogenicity attenuation studies on vero cell culture"", 
""Peste des petits ruminants among sheep and goats in Saudi Arabia in 2004"", ""Prevalence and distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus infection in small ruminants in India"", ""A sandwich-ELISA for the diagnosis of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) infection in small ruminants using anti-nucleocapsid protein monoclonal antibody"", ""Development of a monoclonal antibody based competitive-ELISA for detection and titration of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus"", ""Development of a N gene-based PCR-ELISA for detection of Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus in clinical samples"", 
""Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in the Sudan: investigation of recent outbreaks, virus isolation and cell culture spectrum"", ""Pathological and immunohistochemical study of experimental peste des petits ruminants virus infection in goats"", ""Peste des petits ruminants antigen in mesenteric lymph nodes of goats slaughtered at D. I. Khan"", ""Sero-surveillance of peste des petits (Albina et al.) antibodies in ruminants in Iraq"", ""Emergence of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in Eastern Saudi Arabia"", 
""Monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA for simultaneous detection of rinderpest virus and peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies"", ""Rapid and sensitive detection of peste des petits ruminants virus by a polymerase chain reaction assay"", ""Investigation of peste des petits ruminants prevalence in Turkiye"", ""The use of antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants in Ethiopia"", ""PPR outbreak in goats: Epidemiological and therapeutic studies"", 
""Comparison of virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of peste des petits ruminants"", ""Production and characterisation ofmonoclonal antibodies to an Indian isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Seroprevalence of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Gujarat"", ""Recurrent outbreaks of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in flocks of Sokoto-Red and Kano-Brown goats in Zaria and environs"", ""A simplified objective method for quantification of peste des petits ruminants virus or neutralizing antibody"", 
""Serological study of peste-des-petits ruminants (PPR) using counter immunoelectrophoresis in Faisalabad"", ""A solid phase aggregation of coated erythocytes (SPACE) test for the detection of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus antigen"", ""Detection of peste des petits ruminants virus antigen in impression smears by avidin-biotinperoxidase staining"", ""Serological and virological investigation of rinderpest and pest of small ruminants virus in sheep and goats"", ""Morbilli virus (peste des petits ruminants-PPR) outbreaks in sheep and goats in Himalayas and Bundelkhand regions of Uttar Pradesh"", 
""Detection of peste des petits ruminants virus antigen in conjunctival smears of goats by indirect immunofluorescence"", ""Counter-immunoelectrophoresis - a rapid technique for the diagnosis of peste-des-petits ruminants"", ""An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants in goats in Rawalpindi"", ""Treatment of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in pre-weaned West African dwarf goat kids"", ""Maternal antibody to peste des petits ruminants and rinderpest viruses in kids and lambs and antibody response in vaccinated adult small ruminants"", 
""Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against rinderpest and pest of small ruminants viruses: identification of shared or virus-specific epitopes on the nucleoprotein"", ""Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction for the detection and characterisation of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses for epidemiological studies"", ""Cloning and expression of the nucleoprotein of peste des petits ruminants virus in baculovirus for use in serological diagnosis"", ""Development of a competitive elisa for detecting antibodies to the peste des petits ruminants virus using a recombinant nucleoprotein"", 
""Main infectious agents involved in the etiology of lung diseases of small ruminants in northern Cameroon"", ""First- time isolation of the peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in Chad and experimental induction of the disease"", ""Studies on peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Egyptian sheep"", ""The detection of antibodies against peste des petits ruminants virus in cattle, sheep and goats and the possible implications to rinderpest control programs"", ""Differential immunohistochemical staining of peste-des-petits-ruminants and rinderpest antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies"", 
""Effect of seasons on the prevalence of antibodies of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep and goats"", ""Seroepidemiology of rinderpest and peste des petite ruminants in sheep and goats in Iran"", ""Studies on the prevalence of antibodies for peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and rinderpest (RP) virus in sheep and goats sera"", ""Monoclonal antibody-based blocking enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay for specific detection and titration of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus-antibody in caprine and ovine sera"", 
NA, ""A serological survey of antibodies against peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in small ruminants in Cameroon"", ""Hemagglutination test for diagnosis of peste des petits ruminants disease in goats with samples from live animals"", NA, ""Pest of small ruminants (peste des petits ruminants)"", ""Application of a precipitinogen inhibition test in the detection of antibody to peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Rapid diagnosis of peste-des-petits-ruminants (ppr) infection, application of immunoelectroosmophoresis (ieop) technique"", 
""Virological and serological diagnosis of peste-des-petits ruminants"", ""Studies on the epidemiology of peste-des-petits ruminants in southern nigeria"", NA, ""Assessment Of The Duration Of Maternal Antibodies Specific To The Homologous Peste Des Petits Ruminant Vaccine ‘Nigeria 75/1’ In Djallonké© Lambs"", NA, ""Rapid differential diagnosis of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants using an immunocapture ELISA"", ""Differentiation of peste des petits ruminants and rinderpest viruses by neutralisation indices using hyperimmune rinderpest antiserum"", 
""Dot enzyme immunoassay for visual detection of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus antigen from infected caprine tissues"", NA, ""Development and characterization of a stable vero cell line constitutively expressing Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) hemagglutinin protein and its potential use as antigen in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serosurveillance of PPRV"", ""Serological investigation of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in small ruminants managed under pastoral and agro-pastoral systems in Ethiopia"", 
""A SYBR Green I based real time RT-PCR assay for specific detection and quantitation of Peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""A rapid and sensitive one step-SYBR green based semi quantitative real time RT-PCR for the detection of peste des petits ruminants virus in the clinical samples"", ""Comparative evaluation of RT-PCR with sandwich-ELISA for detection of Peste des petits ruminant in sheep and goats"", ""Short communication: A real time RT-PCR assay for the specific detection of Peste des petits ruminants virus"", 
""Evidence of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection in Sindh Ibex (Capra aegagrus blythi) in Pakistan as confirmed by detection of antigen and antibody"", NA, ""Short communication: Incidence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep and goat as detected by immuno-capture ELISA (Ic ELISA)"", ""Prevalence of peste des petits ruminants among sheep and goats in India"", ""Study on passive immunity: Time of vaccination in kids born to goats vaccinated against Peste des petits ruminants"", 
""Prevalence of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV)in Mardan, Hangu and Kohat District of Pakistan;Comparative Analysis of PPRV Suspected serum samples using Competitive ELISA (cELISA) and Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID)"", ""Application of semi-quantitative M gene-based hydrolysis probe (TaqMan) real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of peste des petits ruminants virus in the clinical samples for investigation into clinical prevalence of disease"", ""Prevalence and Causes of Selected Respiratory Infections in Indigenous Gumuz Sheep in Metema District, Northwest Ethiopia"", 
""Asian lineage of peste des petits ruminants virus, Africa"", ""Sero-epidemiological study of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in India between 2003 and 2009"", ""Tissue Distribution and Relative Quantitation of Experimental Infection with Peste Des Petits Ruminant Virus in Goats Using Real-Time PCR (TaqMan®)"", ""Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) Infection Among Small Ruminants Slaughtered at the Central Abattoir, Maiduguri, Nigeria"", ""The Detection of Antibodies against Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Cattle, Sheep and Goats and the Possible Implications to Rinderpest Control Programmes"", 
NA, ""Quantitative one-step real-time RT-PCR for the fast detection of the four genotypes of PPRV"", ""Detection of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus antibodies in sheep and goat populations of the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) of Pakistan by competitive ELISA (cELISA)"", ""Examples of Probable Host-Pathogen Co-adaptation/Co-evolution in Isolated Farmed Animal Populations in the Mountainous Regions of North Vietnam"", ""One-step Multiplex RT-PCR Assay for the Detection of Peste des petits ruminants Virus in Clinical Samples"", 
""Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the structural genes of virulent isolates and vaccine strains of peste des petits ruminants virus from India"", ""The isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from northern India"", ""Seroepidemiology of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats of southern peninsular India"", ""Comparison of monoclonal antibody-based sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and virus isolation for detection of peste des petits ruminants virus in goat tissues and secretions"", 
""Prevalence and mortality rate of peste des petitis ruminant (PPR): possible association with abortion in goat"", ""Recent developments in the diagnosis of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants"", NA, ""Sero-monitoring of Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Antibodies in Small and Large Ruminants in Bangladesh""), volume = c(""29"", ""70"", ""43"", ""173"", ""33"", ""42"", ""165"", ""43"", ""105"", NA, ""112"", ""187"", ""110"", ""91"", ""90"", ""45"", ""86"", NA, ""74"", ""169"", ""77"", ""90"", NA, NA, ""32"", ""10"", ""24"", ""173"", ""100"", ""15"", 
""60"", ""59"", ""27"", ""88"", ""114"", NA, ""969"", ""25"", ""42"", NA, ""10"", NA, ""20"", ""50"", NA, NA, ""40"", NA, NA, ""15"", NA, ""38"", ""37"", ""46"", ""107"", ""40"", ""160"", ""86"", ""45"", ""59"", ""23"", ""29"", ""44"", NA, ""116"", ""80"", ""75"", ""3"", ""45"", ""17"", ""165"", ""40"", ""9"", ""19"", ""134"", ""58"", ""62"", ""60"", ""81"", ""16"", ""56"", NA, ""51"", ""11"", ""2"", ""142"", NA, ""8"", ""41"", NA, NA, ""8"", ""8"", ""28"", ""26"", NA, ""152"", NA, ""75"", ""309"", NA, ""38"", ""21"", ""71"", ""227"", NA, ""184"", ""9"", ""88"", ""43"", ""117"", ""4"", ""32"", ""7"", NA, ""28"", ""20"", NA, ""10"", ""13"", 
""406"", ""75"", ""26"", ""1"", ""131"", ""9"", ""77"", ""18"", ""172"", NA, ""9"", ""9"", ""51"", ""29"", ""3"", ""25"", ""20"", ""24"", ""60"", ""80"", ""9"", ""19"", ""11"", ""80"", ""19"", ""34"", ""1"", ""66"", ""6"", ""6"", ""6"", ""9"", ""33"", ""4"", ""56"", ""44"", ""13"", ""106"", ""167"", ""43"", ""104"", ""103"", ""44"", ""59"", ""79"", ""29"", ""32"", ""2"", ""2"", ""29"", ""13"", ""11"", ""18"", ""10"", ""3"", ""44"", ""7"", ""42"", ""7"", ""11"", ""55"", ""102"", ""174"", ""58"", ""49"", ""58"", ""171"", ""31"", ""17"", ""17"", ""17"", ""5"", ""32"", ""28"", ""14"", ""3"", ""7"", ""66"", ""19"", ""32"", ""9"", ""38"", NA, ""9"", ""47"", ""4"", ""170"", 
""42"", ""42"", ""11"", ""27"", ""8"", ""29"", ""3"", ""58"", ""58"", ""29"", ""30"", ""8"", ""3"", ""3"", ""42"", ""41"", ""33"", ""24"", ""87"", ""41"", ""41"", ""41"", ""33"", ""41"", ""12"", ""43"", ""20"", ""86"", ""19"", ""29"", ""41"", ""41"", ""2"", ""57"", ""20"", ""86"", ""86"", ""5"", ""41"", ""2"", ""2"", ""31"", ""27"", ""79"", ""40"", ""4"", ""129"", ""85"", ""40"", ""148"", ""45"", ""28"", ""14"", ""18"", ""18"", ""28"", ""6"", ""3"", ""61"", ""40"", ""72"", ""31"", ""31"", ""27"", ""3"", ""3"", ""83"", ""30"", ""83"", ""50"", ""52"", ""52"", ""24S"", ""45"", ""1"", ""10"", ""12"", ""44"", ""36"", ""51"", ""23"", ""149"", ""98"", ""48"", ""3"", ""51"", 
""24"", ""18"", ""57"", ""96"", ""100"", ""13"", ""33"", ""71"", ""45"", ""40"", ""22"", ""19"", ""89"", ""20"", ""2"", ""2"", ""10"", ""20"", ""142"", ""18"", ""18"", ""15"", ""15"", ""50"", ""39"", ""208"", ""58"", ""48"", ""48"", ""43"", ""112"", ""6"", ""42"", ""44"", ""42"", ""31"", ""2"", ""40"", ""5"", NA, ""65"", ""40"", ""37"", ""1"", ""1"", NA, ""18"", NA, ""134"", ""27"", ""27"", NA, ""13"", ""97"", ""10"", ""27"", ""6"", ""171"", ""43"", NA, ""75"", ""13"", ""27"", ""2"", ""57"", ""5"", ""17"", ""30"", ""11"", ""8"", ""112"", ""187"", ""165"", ""2"", ""1149"", ""30"", ""57"", ""51"", ""27"", ""32"", ""40"", ""44"", NA, ""3""), author = c(""Abd"", 
""Abraham"", ""Abubakar"", ""Adombi"", ""Albayrak"", ""Albayrak"", ""Albina"", ""Alcigir"", ""Anderson"", ""Anderson"", ""Anderson"", ""Ayari-Fakhfakh"", ""Bailey"", ""Banyard"", ""Bao"", ""Baron"", ""Baron"", ""Baron"", ""Baron"", ""Baron"", ""Berhe"", ""Bett"", NA, NA, ""Caufour"", ""Chowdhury"", ""Couacy-Hymann"", ""Couacy-Hymann"", ""Couacy-Hymann"", ""De Boer"", ""De Koeijer"", ""De Nardi"", ""Dhar"", ""Dhar"", ""Diallo"", NA, ""Diallo"", ""Diallo"", ""Diallo"", NA, ""EFSA (European Food Safety Authority)"", NA, ""El Arbi"", ""El Harrak"", NA, NA, ""Ezeibe"", NA, NA, 
""Gilbert"", ""Grech-Angelini"", ""Guler"", ""Gulyaz"", ""Gur"", ""Halstead"", ""Hamdy"", ""Hammouchi"", ""Heaney"", ""Herbert"", ""Hoffmann"", ""Hyslop"", ""Intizar"", ""Ismail"", NA, ""Khalafalla"", ""Kivaria"", ""Kock"", ""Krätli"", ""Kul"", ""Kwiatek"", ""Kwiatek"", ""Le Jan"", ""Lefevre"", ""Lembo"", ""Libeau"", ""Libeau"", ""Liess"", ""Liu"", ""Lund"", ""MacDiarmid"", ""Miller"", NA, ""Nanda"", ""Nawathe"", ""OIE (Office international des épizooties)"", ""Olea"", NA, ""Ozkul"", ""Ozmen"", ""Perry"", NA, ""Plowright"", ""Pope"", ""Rajak"", ""Riyesh"", NA, ""Roger"", ""Rossi"", 
""Rossiter"", ""Ruiz"", ""Sanz-Alvarez"", ""Saravanan"", ""Sarkar"", ""Schneider-Schaulies"", ""Schneider"", NA, ""Scott"", ""Sen"", ""Servan de Almeida"", ""Shaila"", ""Shanthikumar"", ""Siddique"", ""Silva"", ""Singh"", NA, ""Soltan"", ""Soufien"", ""Spinage"", ""Tatar"", ""Tatar"", ""Tatsuo"", ""Tatsuo"", ""Taylor"", ""Thevenin"", ""Toplu"", ""Truong"", ""Von Messling"", ""Wernery"", ""Wernike"", ""Wohlsein"", ""Yamanouchi"", ""Yamanouchi"", ""Yener"", ""Zahur"", ""Shuaib"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Sevik"", ""Santhosh"", ""Liu"", ""Farougou"", ""Anees"", ""Gurcay"", ""Khan"", ""Kivaria"", 
""Cosseddu"", ""Zhao"", ""Ali"", ""Kamissoko"", ""El-Yuguda"", ""Sumit"", ""Sumit"", ""Muhammad"", ""Jalees"", ""Enan"", ""Zhang"", ""Delil"", ""Luka"", ""Mahajan"", ""Abubakar"", ""Hu"", ""Mahajan"", ""Faris"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Munir"", ""Muse"", ""Bhuiyan"", ""Lyu"", ""Muse"", ""Kihu"", ""Yuan"", ""Sharma"", ""Meng"", ""Ranaware"", ""Olugasa"", ""Nargesi"", ""Faris"", ""Ozan"", ""Qiu"", ""Chauhan"", ""Ularamu"", ""Zhang"", ""Zahur"", ""Bruening-Richardson"", ""Malik"", ""Yeh"", ""Abubakar"", ""Battena"", ""Sande"", ""Chandrahas"", ""Chandrahas"", ""Aytekin"", ""Bhaskar"", ""Elshemey T"", 
""Rahman"", ""Abubakar"", ""Luka"", ""Sharawi"", ""Aktas"", ""Qiu"", ""Lawal"", ""Muhammad"", ""Apuhan"", NA, ""Rahman"", ""Chauhan"", ""Mulindwa"", ""Li"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Durrani"", ""Shivaraj"", ""Lu"", ""Samina"", ""El-Rahim"", ""Munir"", ""Ruhweza"", ""Emikpe"", ""Meng"", ""Pallav"", ""Roy"", ""Muhammad"", ""Al-Dubaib"", ""Saeed"", ""Mondal"", ""Swai"", ""Zhao"", ""Couacy-Hymann"", ""Abubakar"", ""Osman"", ""Munir"", ""Albayrak"", ""Al-Dubaib"", ""Munir"", ""Bhaskar"", ""Jhala"", ""Harish"", ""Bahadar"", ""Zahur"", ""Abu Elzein"", ""Muhammad"", ""Misbah"", ""Muhammad"", ""Jhala"", ""Patil"", 
""Keerti"", ""Pooja"", ""Muhammad"", ""Chavan"", ""Abid"", ""Li"", ""Raghavendra"", ""Khan"", ""Khan"", ""Waret-Szkuta"", ""Raj"", ""Al-Majali"", ""Osman"", ""Bao"", ""Kul"", ""Zhang"", ""Namita"", ""Rashid"", ""Rashid"", ""Farooq"", ""Banik"", ""Khan"", ""Sow"", ""Muhammad"", ""Kumar"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Sharma"", ""Khan"", ""Sharma"", ""Rengasamy"", ""Karunakaran"", ""Singh"", ""Dorairajan"", ""George"", ""El-Hakim"", ""El-Hakim"", ""Chowdhury"", ""Singh"", ""Kanani"", ""Nita"", ""Choi"", ""Jindal"", ""Gulyaz"", ""El-Rahim"", ""Singh"", ""Singh"", ""Singh"", ""Saravanan"", ""Saeed"", ""Kumar"", 
""Atta ur"", ""Shubber"", ""Housawi"", ""Choi"", ""Couacy-Hymann"", ""Tatar"", ""Abraham"", ""Kumar"", ""Brindha"", ""Raj"", ""Hinsu"", ""George"", ""Raj"", ""Tahir"", ""Daneji"", ""Daneji"", ""Tatar"", ""Singh"", ""Sumption"", ""Tahir"", ""Hussain"", ""Ajala"", ""Akpavie"", ""Libeau"", ""Forsyth"", ""Ismail"", ""Libeau"", ""Martrenchar"", ""Bidjeh"", ""Mouaz"", ""Anderson"", ""Saliki"", ""Fayed"", ""Hessami"", ""Hassan"", ""Saliki"", ""El-Allawy"", ""Ekue"", ""Wosu"", NA, ""Ata"", ""Durojaiye"", ""Majiyagbe"", ""Durojaiye"", ""Obi"", NA, ""Bodjo"", NA, ""Libeau"", ""Chandran"", ""Obi"", ""Obi"", 
""Balamurugan"", ""Megersa"", ""Abera"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Mahajan"", ""Batten"", ""Abubakar"", NA, ""Abubakar"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Aslam"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Nigusu"", ""Kwiatek"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Meng"", ""El-Yuguda"", ""Anderson"", ""Ayari-Fakhfakh"", ""Kwiatek"", ""Mehmood"", ""Maillard"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Nanda"", ""Raghavendra"", ""Saliki"", ""Abubakar"", ""Diallo"", NA, ""Haque""), year = c(""2010"", ""2005"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2013"", ""1996"", ""1990"", ""1996"", ""1994"", ""2011"", ""2005"", ""2010"", ""2011"", 
""2014"", ""2005"", ""2011"", ""2000"", ""2011"", ""2003"", ""2009"", NA, NA, ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2005"", ""2007"", ""2002"", ""1964"", ""1998"", ""2012"", ""1995"", ""2002"", ""2002"", NA, ""2002"", ""2007"", ""1989"", NA, ""2012"", NA, ""2014"", ""2012"", NA, NA, ""2008"", NA, NA, ""1962"", ""2012"", ""2014"", ""2005"", ""2010"", ""1987"", ""1976"", ""2012"", ""2005"", ""2014"", ""2012"", ""1979"", ""2009"", ""1990"", NA, ""2010"", ""2013"", ""2006"", ""2013"", ""2008"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""1987"", ""1990"", ""2013"", ""1994"", ""1995"", ""1964"", ""2013"", ""2000"", ""1997"", ""2009"", NA, ""1996"", ""1979"", 
""2013"", ""2009"", NA, ""2002"", ""2009"", ""2002"", NA, ""1967"", ""2013"", ""2005"", ""2011"", NA, ""2001"", ""2012"", ""2006"", ""2001"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2003"", ""2008"", ""1997"", NA, ""1959"", ""2010"", ""2007"", ""1996"", ""1985"", ""2006"", ""2014"", ""2014"", NA, ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2003"", ""1999"", ""2002"", ""2000"", ""2001"", ""1979"", ""2011"", ""2004"", ""2014"", ""2003"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""2006"", ""1974a"", ""1974b"", ""2004"", ""2009"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", 
""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", NA, ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", 
""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2006"", 
""2006"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2003"", ""2002"", ""2002"", ""2001"", ""2001"", ""2001"", ""2001"", ""2001"", ""2001"", ""2000"", ""2000"", ""2000"", ""2000"", ""1999"", ""1999"", ""1998"", ""1998"", ""1998"", ""1997"", ""1997"", ""1997"", ""1995"", ""1995"", ""1995"", ""1995"", ""1995"", ""1995"", ""1994"", ""1994"", ""1994"", ""1994"", ""1994"", ""1993"", ""1993"", ""1992"", ""1991"", NA, ""1989"", ""1987"", ""1984"", ""1983"", ""1983"", NA, ""2007"", 
NA, ""1994"", ""1995"", ""1989"", ""1984"", ""2006"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2011"", ""2011"", NA, ""2008"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""1994"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2008"", ""2006"", ""2010"", ""1996"", ""2008"", ""1994"", ""2008"", ""1995"", NA, ""2004""), journal.title = c(""Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics)"", ""Preventive veterinary medicine"", ""Tropical animal health and production"", ""Journal of virological methods"", ""Veterinary research communications"", 
""Tropical animal health and production"", ""Veterinary microbiology"", ""Ankara Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi"", ""Epidemiology and infection"", NA, ""Epidemiology and infection"", ""The Veterinary Journal"", ""Virus research"", ""Journal General Virology"", ""Research in veterinary science"", ""Virus research"", ""Journal General Virology"", NA, ""Journal of virology"", ""The Veterinary record"", ""Journal of virology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", NA, NA, ""Vaccine"", ""BMC veterinary research"", ""Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics)"", 
""Veterinary journal"", ""Journal of virological methods"", ""Archives of Virology"", ""Bulletin of mathematical biology"", ""Transboundary and emerging diseases"", ""Tropical animal health and production"", ""Veterinary microbiology"", ""Developments in biologicals"", NA, ""Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"", ""Vaccine"", ""Revue d Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux (Paris)"", NA, ""EFSA Journal 2012;"", NA, ""Emerging infectious diseases"", ""Journal of clinical microbiology"", NA, NA, ""Tropical animal health and production"", 
NA, NA, ""Revue d Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux (Paris)"", NA, ""Turkish Journal of Biology"", ""Tropical animal health and production"", ""Journal of wildlife diseases"", ""The Journal of Hellenic Studies"", ""Canadian Journal for Comparative Medicine"", ""Veterinary microbiology"", ""Journal General Virology"", ""Veterinary research"", ""Transboundary and emerging diseases"", ""International journal of biometeorology"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin"", 
NA, ""Acta Tropica"", ""The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research"", ""Preventive veterinary medicine"", ""Animal Frontiers"", ""Veterinary Pathology Online"", ""Emerging infectious diseases"", ""Journal of virological methods"", ""Revue d Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux (Paris)"", ""Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics)"", ""Emerging infectious diseases"", ""The Veterinary record"", ""Research in veterinary science"", ""Journal of Hygiene"", ""Transboundary and emerging diseases"", 
""Journal General Virology"", ""Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics)"", ""Analyse qualitative du risque d'introduction de la peste des petits ruminants en France Epidémiol. et santé anim."", NA, ""Veterinary microbiology"", ""Tropical animal health and production"", ""Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals"", ""Biological Conservation"", NA, ""Emerging infectious diseases"", ""Tropical animal health and production"", NA, NA, ""Research in veterinary science"", 
""PLoS One"", ""Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"", ""Virologica Sinica"", NA, ""Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire"", NA, ""Preventive veterinary medicine"", ""Alterra Rapport"", NA, ""Biologicals"", ""Vaccine"", ""Advanced Virus Research"", ""Virology"", NA, ""Nature"", ""Expert Rev Vaccines"", ""Journal General Virology"", ""Virus research"", ""The Veterinary record"", ""Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine"", ""Vaccine"", ""Veterinary World"", NA, ""Infection, Genetics and Evolution"", ""Emerging Infectious Disease journal"", NA, 
""Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi"", ""Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi"", ""Nature"", ""Journal of virology"", ""Research in veterinary science"", ""Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice"", ""Journal of comparative pathology"", ""PLoS One"", ""Journal of virology"", ""Journal of Camel Practice and Research"", ""Veterinary microbiology"", NA, ""Infection and Immunity"", ""Infection and Immunity"", ""Small Ruminant Research"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""International Journal of Veterinary Science"", ""Indian Journal of Virology"", 
""Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi"", ""Indian Journal of Virology"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", ""Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Bmc Veterinary Research"", ""Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi"", ""Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences"", ""The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Progress in Veterinary Medicine"", ""Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences"", ""Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux"", 
""Veterinary World"", ""Veterinary World"", ""Veterinary World"", ""BMC Veterinary Research"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""International Journal of Livestock Production"", ""Intervirology"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Journal of Veterinary Science"", ""Small Ruminant Research"", ""Virus Research"", ""Veterinary Research"", ""Small Ruminant Research"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", ""Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"", 
""Bangladesh Veterinarian"", ""Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science"", ""Research Opinions in Animal and Veterinary Sciences"", ""Research Opinions in Animal and Veterinary Sciences"", ""China Animal Health Inspection"", ""Veterinary Practitioner"", ""Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances"", ""Indian Journal of Small Ruminants"", ""Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences"", ""Annals of Biological Research"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Ataturk Universitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi"", ""Chinese Veterinary Science/Zhongguo Shouyi Kexue"", 
""Indian Journal of Field Veterinarians"", ""African Journal of Biotechnology"", ""Intervirology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Journal of Virological Methods"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", ""Journal of Virological Methods"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""Indian Journal of Small Ruminants"", ""Indian Journal of Small Ruminants"", ""Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi"", ""Animal Science Reporter"", ""Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences"", 
""Bangladesh Veterinarian"", ""Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine"", ""International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances"", ""International Journal of Virology"", ""Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine"", ""Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology"", ""Nigerian Veterinary Journal"", ""Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences"", ""Pendik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi"", NA, ""SAARC Journal of Agriculture"", ""Veterinaria Italiana"", ""Veterinary World"", ""Journal of Virological Methods"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", 
""Pakistan Journal of Zoology"", ""Intas Polivet"", ""Chinese Journal of Animal Health Inspection"", ""Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences"", ""Revue Scientifique et Technique - Office International des Epizooties"", ""Asian Journal of Epidemiology"", ""Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa"", ""Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa"", ""Genomics and Applied Biology"", ""Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine"", ""International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine"", ""Research Journal of Veterinary Sciences"", 
""Research Journal of Veterinary Sciences"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Veterinary Research Communications"", ""Virologica Sinica"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Veterinary Research Communications"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine"", ""Indian Journal of Animal Research"", 
""Indian Journal of Virology"", ""Indian Veterinary Journal"", ""Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Veterinary World"", ""Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa"", ""Indian Journal of Virology"", ""Indian Veterinary Journal"", ""Indian Veterinary Journal"", ""Royal Veterinary Journal of India"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Veterinary World"", ""Veterinary World"", ""Zhongguo Yufang Shouyi Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", 
""Revue Scientifique Et Technique-Office International Des Epizooties"", ""Small Ruminant Research"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Bmc Veterinary Research"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Journal of virological methods"", ""Veterinary Pathology"", ""Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science"", ""Indian Journal of Small Ruminants"", ""Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences"", ""Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", 
""Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine"", ""Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science"", ""Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Small Ruminant Research"", ""Veterinary Research Communications"", ""Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""Indian Journal of Field Veterinarians"", ""Tamilnadu Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences"", ""Indian Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Research Communications"", 
""Indian Veterinary Journal"", ""Acta Virologica"", ""Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal"", ""Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal"", ""Environment and Ecology"", ""Haryana Veterinarian"", ""Indian Journal of Field Veterinarians"", ""Journal of Interacademicia"", ""Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"", ""Haryana Veterinarian"", ""Pendik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi"", ""Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal"", ""Revue Scientifique Et Technique-Office International Des Epizooties"", ""Archives of Virology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", 
""Acta Virologica"", ""Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances"", ""Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B-Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences"", ""Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Journal of Virological Methods"", ""Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Indian Journal of Animal Sciences"", ""Acta Virologica"", ""Small Ruminant Research"", 
""Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases"", ""Tropical Veterinarian"", ""Journal of Virological Methods"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences"", ""Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences"", ""Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi"", ""Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""Pakistan Veterinary Journal"", ""Tropical Veterinarian"", ""Tropical Veterinarian"", 
""Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux"", ""Virus Research"", ""Virology"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux"", ""Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux"", ""Veterinary Medical Journal Giza"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""Veterinary Medical Journal Giza"", ""Archives de l'Institut Razi"", ""Veterinary Medical Journal Giza"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", 
""Serological studies on peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Upper Egypt"", ""Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa"", ""Small Ruminant Research"", NA, ""World Animal Review"", ""Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux"", ""Revue D Elevage Et De Medecine Veterinaire Des Pays Tropicaux"", ""Tropical Veterinarian"", ""Tropical Veterinarian"", NA, ""Nigerian Society for Experimental Biology"", NA, ""Veterinary Record (United Kingdom)"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", 
NA, ""Clinical And Vaccine Immunology: CVI"", ""Small Ruminant Research"", ""BMC Veterinary Research"", ""Virologica Sinica"", ""Vet World"", ""Journal of Virological Methods"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", NA, ""Small Ruminant Research"", ""Journal of Veterinary Science"", ""Virologica Sinica"", ""Veterinary World (India)"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", ""International Journals of Research Papers"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics)"", 
""Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances"", ""Sahel Journal of Veterinary Science"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""Veterinary Journal (London, England: 1997)"", ""Journal of Virological Methods"", ""Veterinary World"", ""Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"", ""Veterinary Research Communications"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics)"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", 
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""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA), DOI = c(NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.02.011"", ""10.1007/s11250-010-9776-y"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.02.024"", ""10.1007/s11259-008-9172-5"", ""10.1007/s11250-009-9400-1"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.12.013"", 
NA, ""10.1017/S0950268800047786"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268800057599"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.01.007"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2005.01.013"", ""10.1099/vir.0.025841-0"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.05.031"", NA, ""10.1099/vir.0.80836-0"", NA, ""10.1128/JVI.74.6.2603-2611.2000"", ""10.1136/vr.d3947"", ""10.1128/JVI.77.2.1571-1577.2003"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.05.001"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.10.017"", ""10.1128/JVI.02792-12"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.05.025"", ""10.1186/s12917-014-0263-y"", NA, ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.08.020"", 
""10.1016/S0166-0934(01)00386-X"", NA, ""10.1006/bulm.1997.0030"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01260.x"", ""10.1007/BF02236330"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00102-5"", NA, NA, ""10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04356.x"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.02.013"", ""10.19182/remvt.8771"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.3201/eid2002.131345"", ""10.1128/JCM.01785-12"", ""10.4314/bahpa.v58i3.64206"", NA, ""10.1007/s11250-008-9128-3"", NA, NA, ""10.19182/remvt.7128"", NA, ""10.3906/biy-1401-28"", ""10.1007/s11250-005-4290-3"", ""10.7589/0090-3558-46.2.673"", ""10.2307/630071"", 
NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.04.043"", ""10.1099/vir.0.81370-0"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-45-24"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01270.x"", ""10.1007/BF01553371"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.08.002"", ""10.4102/ojvr.v80i1.593"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.01.016"", ""10.2527/af.2013-0007"", ""10.1354/vp.45-2-191"", ""10.3201/eid1707.101216"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.01.014"", NA, NA, ""10.3201/eid1912.130973"", ""10.1136/vr.134.12.300"", ""10.1016/0034-5288(95)90088-8"", ""10.1017/S0022172400039796"", ""10.1111/tbed.12136"", 
""10.1099/0022-1317-81-9-2137"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/0378-1135(96)00025-9"", ""10.1007/BF02237785"", NA, ""10.1016/j.biocon.2009.03.024"", NA, ""10.3201/eid0807.010471"", ""10.1007/s11250-008-9284-5"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/S0034-5288(18)34660-5"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0055830"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2005.08.002"", ""10.1007/s12250-011-3205-x"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.10.016"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.12.007"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.biologicals.2010.02.003"", ""10.1016/S0264-410X(03)00512-7"", ""10.1016/S0065-3527(08)00004-3"", 
""10.1006/viro.1996.8339"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.08.010"", ""10.1038/1841948b0"", ""10.1586/erv.10.74"", ""10.1099/vir.0.82981-0"", ""10.1016/0168-1702(96)01312-3"", ""10.1136/vr.117.18.469"", ""10.3329/bjvm.v4i1.1524"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.039"", ""10.14202/vetworld.2014.194-199"", NA, ""10.1016/j.meegid.2014.08.016"", NA, ""10.1007/978-1-4419-8901-7"", NA, NA, ""10.1038/35022579"", ""10.1128/JVI.75.13.5842-5850.2001"", ""10.1016/S0034-5288(18)32924-2"", ""10.1186/2041-7136-1-23"", ""10.1016/j.jcpa.2004.02.004"", 
""10.1371/journal.pone.0087145"", ""10.1128/JVI.77.23.12579-12591.2003"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.05.010"", ""10.1016/B978-012088385-1/50034-4"", ""10.1128/IAI.9.2.199-205.1974"", ""10.1128/IAI.9.2.206-211.1974"", ""10.1016/S0921-4488(03)00194-9"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1007/s13337-013-0168-6"", ""10.1111/tbed.12136"", ""10.4102/ojvr.v80i1.544"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-60"", NA, NA, ""10.4102/ojvr.v80i1.593"", ""10.3201/eid1901.121072"", NA, NA, ""10.19182/remvt.10148"", ""10.14202/vetworld.2013.807-811"", ""10.5455/vetworld.2013.384-387"", 
""10.5455/vetworld.2013.288-290"", NA, NA, ""10.5897/IJLP11.048"", ""10.1159/000341601"", ""10.1007/s11250-012-0110-8"", ""10.4142/jvs.2012.13.3.323"", ""10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.03.018"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2012.03.018"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-43-48"", ""10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.10.009"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.10.007"", ""10.1007/s11250-011-0020-1"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01245.x"", ""10.4102/ojvr.v79i2.457"", ""10.3329/bvet.v29i2.14343"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.3923/javaa.2012.3011.3018"", NA, ""10.4314/sokjvs.v10i2.10"", 
NA, ""10.1007/s11250-012-0110-8"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.5897/AJB10.1419"", ""10.1159/000322220"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.06.011"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.03.016"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01201.x"", ""10.1128/JCM.00710-10"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2010.01193.x"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.11.022"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.3329/bvet.v28i1.8808"", NA, NA, ""10.3923/ijv.2011.204.209"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.5455/vetworld.2011.149-152"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.08.016"", ""10.1007/s11250-010-9527-0"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.3923/aje.2010.183.191"", ""10.4314/bahpa.v58i2.62048"", ""10.4314/bahpa.v58i2.62049"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1007/s11250-009-9389-5"", ""10.1007/s11250-009-9362-3"", ""10.1007/s11259-009-9311-7"", ""10.1007/s12250-009-3064-x"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.03.002"", ""10.1007/s11250-008-9300-9"", ""10.1007/s11250-009-9333-8"", ""10.1007/s11250-008-9205-7"", ""10.1007/s11259-008-9172-5"", ""10.1007/s11250-008-9178-6"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1007/s11250-008-9161-2"", ""10.1007/s11250-008-9300-9"", NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1007/s11250-008-9205-7"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.20506/rst.27.3.1838"", ""10.1016/j.smallrumres.2008.07.021"", ""10.1007/s11250-008-9129-2"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-4-34"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.11.026"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.01.002"", ""10.1007/s11250-007-9106-1"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.12.003"", ""10.1354/vp.45-2-191"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2334"", NA, ""10.19182/remvt.10012"", ""10.1007/s11250-007-9105-2"", ""10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.09.004"", ""10.1007/s11259-006-3442-x"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1007/s11259-006-3192-9"", NA, NA, ""10.21608/avmj.2006.177390"", ""10.21608/avmj.2006.177391"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1128/CDLI.12.4.542-547.2005"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.20506/rst.23.3.1522"", ""10.1007/s00705-004-0366-z"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.07.007"", NA, NA, ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.2004.00747.x"", NA, NA, ""10.19182/remvt.9901"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(03)00201-3"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(01)00386-X"", NA, ""10.1023/A:1010547907730"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/S0921-4488(01)00180-8"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/S0166-0934(00)00206-8"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1136/vr.142.16.421"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.19182/remvt.9567"", ""10.1016/0168-1702(95)00076-3"", ""10.1006/viro.1995.1210"", ""10.1016/0034-5288(95)90088-8"", ""10.19182/remvt.9464"", ""10.19182/remvt.9427"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268800057599"", ""10.1177/104063879400600117"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1128/JCM.31.5.1075-1082.1993"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/0921-4488(91)90041-N"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1136/vr.134.12.300"", ""10.1007/BF02236317"", ""10.1128/JCM.27.9.2096-2099.1989"", ""10.1017/S0022172400065165"", 
""10.1128/CVI.00273-06"", ""10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.03.003"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-10-22"", ""10.1007/s12250-012-3219-z"", ""10.5455/vetworld.2013.288-290"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.11.022"", ""10.1007/s11250-010-9776-y"", ""10.1111/tbed.12089"", ""10.1016/j.smallrumres.2007.12.001"", ""10.4142/jvs.2012.13.3.279"", ""10.1007/s12250-012-3249-6"", ""10.5455/vetworld.2009.89-92"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2010.01160.x"", NA, ""10.3201/eid1707.101216"", NA, ""10.3923/javaa.2012.3011.3018"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268800057599"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.01.007"", 
""10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.01.014"", NA, ""10.1196/annals.1428.086"", ""10.1007/s11259-006-3331-3"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2010.01156.x"", ""10.1016/0378-1135(96)00025-9"", NA, ""10.1128/JCM.32.5.1349-1353.1994"", ""10.1007/s11250-007-9105-2"", ""10.1016/0378-1135(95)00025-6"", NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Manual on the diagnosis of rinderpest"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""The Biology of Paramyxoviruses"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""PhD Thesis"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Investing in animal health research to alleviate poverty"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""PhD Thesis"", NA, NA, ""EMPRES WATCH"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Cattle plague: a history"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Rinderpest and Peste des Petits Ruminants"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""The detection of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus antigen by agar gel precipitation test and counter-immunoelectrophoresis"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Beutlich J Hammerl JA Appel B Nöckler K Helmuth R Jöst K Ludwig M-L Hanke C Bechtold D Mayer-Scholl A 2014 Characterization of illegal food items and identification of foodborne pathogens brought into the European Union via two major German airports. International Journal of Food Microbiology"", 
""Birch J Juleff N Heaton MP Kalbfleisch T Kijas J Bailey D 2013 Characterization of ovine Nectin-4, a novel peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) receptor. Journal of virology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Diallo A 2014 Vaccines for the control and eradication of PPR"", NA, NA, NA, ""Duclos J-C Pitte A 1994 L'homme et le mouton dans l'espace de la transhumance. Glénat, Grenoble 312"", NA, ""El Arbi AS 2012 Contribution a l'etude epidemiologique de la peste des petits ruminants en Mauritanie. MSc Thesis. Santé publique Paris XI et Sciences et Santé Paris XII, Specialite Surveillance Epidemiologique Des Maladies Humaines Et Animales. École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort"", 
NA, NA, ""Elsawalhy A Mariner JC Chibeu D Wamway H Wakhusama S Olaho-Mukani W Toye P 2010 Pan African strategy for the progressive control of peste des petits ruminants (Pan African ppr strategy)"", ""Ettair M 2012 Stratégie de surveillance et de lutte contre la PPR au Maroc"", NA, ""FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations) 2013 Supporting livelihoods and building resilience through Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) and small ruminant diseases control. Animal Production and Health Position Paper. Rome. FEWS-NET 2012. Livestock exports from northern ports in the Horn of Africa. FEWS-NET, Famine Early Warning Systems Network"", 
""FVO (Food and Veterinary Office) 2006 Final report of a mission to Spain from 12 to 23 june 2006 concerning import controls and border inspection posts (Online)"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Jackson R Cabot D 1987 Resistance of rinderpest virus="", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Nagy B Smole-Mozina S Kovac J Wagner M Schroder D Strauss A Schlager S Beutlich J Appel B Prukner-Radovcic E 2014 Characterization of Selected Gram-negative Foodborne Pathogens in Foods of Animal Origin Illegally Imported to the European Union"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Oueslati R 2012 Mouvements transfrontaliers d'animaux et produits d'origine animale dans les pays REMESA. Atelier REPIVET-RESEPSA, July 2012"", NA, NA, NA, ""Plateforme Regional Tchadienne 2013 Declaration de N'Djamena sur la contribution de l'elevage pastoral a la securite et au developpement des espaces Saharo-Saheliens http://www.oecd.org/fr/csao/evenements/Livre_elevage-pastoral_light.pdf"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Rodríguez-Lázaro D Ariza-Miguel J Valcarce MD Stessl B Beutlich J Fernández-Natal I Hernández M Wagner M Rovira J 2014 Identification and molecular characterization of pathogenic bacteria in foods confiscated from non-EU flights passengers at one Spanish Airport"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Schoder D Strauss A Szakmary-Brandle K Stessl B Schlager S Wagner M 2014 Prevalence of major foodborne pathogens in food confiscated from air passenger luggage"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Soltan M Abd-Eldaim M Emergence of peste des petits ruminants virus lineage IV in Ismailia Province, Egypt"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""K. A. Nahed S. A. Hassanein A. E. Wafaa M. B. Eman M. A. Dardiri . Virological and molecular studies of Peste des petites ruminants virus (PPR) 2011 283 300"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J. Anderson J. A. McKay R. N. Butcher . The use of monoclonal antibodies in competitive ELISA for the detection of antibodies to rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses. The sero-monitoring of rinderpest throughout Africa. Phase one 1991 43 53"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""K. A. Majiyagbe D. R. Nawathe A. Abegunde . Diagnosis of PPR pest of small ruminants infection using the immuno-electro-osmophoresis (IEOP) technique. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in sheep and goats 1983 40 45"", NA, ""O. A. Durojaiye W. P. Taylor . Application of countercurrent immuno-electro-osmophoresis to the serology of peste des petits ruminants Nigeria. Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux (France) 1984"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, ""M. Munir A. Saeed M. Abubakar S. Kanwal M. Berg . Molecular Characterization of Peste des Petits Ruminants Viruses From Outbreaks Caused by Unrestricted Movements of Small Ruminants in Pakistan. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 2013"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""ELISA developed to diagnose Peste des petits ruminants infection Science Letters 2005 406"", NA), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1"", NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""45"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2"", NA, NA, NA, ""9"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1"", ""6"", NA, ""4"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""3"", NA, ""1"", NA, NA, NA, ""2"", ""1"", NA, NA, ""9"", NA, ""6"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""7""))",NA,"2015-01-13","en","NULL","list(date = ""2015-09-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 243, URL = ""http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1"")",NA,"NULL","Portico","Peste des petits ruminants","NULL",NA,"EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW)","2015","EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW), 2015"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2002-07-27","2019-04-06","2000-02","10.1017/s0950268899003246","2025-04-07","0950-2688,1469-4409","1","2000-02","56","173-182","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","0","0","46","Introduction, persistence and fade-out of porcine reproductive 
and respiratory syndrome virus in a Dutch breeding herd: a 
mathematical analysis","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899003246","124","<jats:p>The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamics of PRRSV infection and to 
quantify transmission within a breeding herd, and its impact on herd performance. For this 
purpose a longitudinal study was performed in a closed breeding herd of 115 sows. Statistical 
methods and Monte Carlo simulations based on stochastic SIR models were used to analyse 
the observational data. Moreover, a case-control study was performed to determine whether 
seroconversion of sows during gestation was associated with aberrant litters. The transmission 
parameter <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> was estimated to be 3·0 (95% confidence interval 1·5–6·0) for the model version 
based on the most plausible assumptions that the infectious period lasts 56 days and no 
lifelong immunity exists after infection. Based on simulations using a breeding herd of equal 
size the average time-to-extinction was estimated to be 6 years; using a herd of twice the size, 
it was 80 years. Furthermore, in contrast to the epidemic phase of the disease, the endemic 
phase was not detrimental to herd performance.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""G."", ""M. C. M."", ""A."", ""J. C. M."", ""L. A. M. G."", ""J. M. A."", ""J. H. M.""), family = c(""NODELIJK"", ""DE JONG"", ""VAN NES"", ""VERNOOY"", ""VAN LEENGOED"", ""POL"", ""VERHEIJDEN""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268899003246"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","NULL","S0950268899003246","2000-02-01","en","NULL","list(date = ""2000-02-01"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"NODELIJK","2000","NODELIJK et al., 2000"
"Veterinary Research","2012-10-12","2025-04-11","2012-12","10.1186/1297-9716-43-69","2025-06-05","1297-9716","1","2012-10-12","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","47","47","46","Infectiousness of pigs infected by the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) is time-dependent","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-43-69","43","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The time-dependent transmission rate of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and the correlation between infectiousness, virological parameters and antibody responses of the infected pigs were studied in experimental conditions. Seven successive transmission trials involving a total of 77 specific pathogen-free piglets were carried out from 7 to 63 days post-inoculation (dpi). A semi-quantitative real time RT-PCR was developed to assess the evolution of the viral genome load in blood and nasal swabs from inoculated and contact pigs, with time. Virus genome in blood was detectable in inoculated pigs from 7 to 77 dpi, whereas viral genome shedding was detectable from nasal swabs from 2 to 48 dpi. The infectiousness of inoculated pigs, assessed from the frequency of occurrence of infected pigs in susceptible groups in each contact trial, increased from 7 to 14 dpi and then decreased slowly until 42 dpi (3, 7, 2, 1 and 0 pigs infected at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 dpi, respectively). These data were used to model the time-dependent infectiousness by a lognormal-like function with a latency period of 1 day and led to an estimated basic reproduction ratio,<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>of 2.6 [1.8, 3.3]. The evolution of infectiousness was mainly correlated with the time-course of viral genome load in the blood whereas the decrease of infectiousness was strongly related to the increase in total antibodies.</jats:p>","Vet Res","list(given = c(""Céline"", ""Sophie"", ""André"", ""Catherine"", ""Roland"", ""Marie-Frédérique"", ""Nicolas""), family = c(""Charpin"", ""Mahé"", ""Keranflec’h"", ""Belloc"", ""Cariolet"", ""Le Potier"", ""Rose""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1297-9716-43-69.pdf"", content.type = ""application/pdf"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""189_CR1"", ""189_CR2"", ""189_CR3"", ""189_CR4"", ""189_CR5"", ""189_CR6"", ""189_CR7"", ""189_CR8"", ""189_CR9"", ""189_CR10"", ""189_CR11"", ""189_CR12"", ""189_CR13"", ""189_CR14"", ""189_CR15"", ""189_CR16"", ""189_CR17"", ""189_CR18"", ""189_CR19"", ""189_CR20"", ""189_CR21"", ""189_CR22"", ""189_CR23"", ""189_CR24"", ""189_CR25"", ""189_CR26"", ""189_CR27"", ""189_CR28"", ""189_CR29"", ""189_CR30"", ""189_CR31"", ""189_CR32"", ""189_CR33"", ""189_CR34"", ""189_CR35"", ""189_CR36"", ""189_CR37"", ""189_CR38"", ""189_CR39"", ""189_CR40"", ""189_CR41"", ""189_CR42"", 
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""G Karber"", ""AB Nygard"", ""J Liu"", ""F Ferre"", ""MW Pfaffl"", ""M Andraud"", ""Matlab"", ""A Svensonn"", ""C Fraser"", ""SAS Institute Inc"", ""A Hamlett"", ""KJ Livak"", ""RM Molina"", ""A Ruiz"", ""I Diaz"", ""WA Meier"", ""KJ Yoon"", ""HD Loemba"", ""E Mondaca-Fernandez"", ""G Nodelijk"", ""L Batista"", ""RW Wills"", ""C Terpstra"", ""RW Wills"", ""UU Karniychuk"", ""CT Xiao"", ""RW Wills"", ""MP Murtaugh"", ""D Klinkenberg"", ""M Bouwknegt""), year = c(""1996"", ""1998"", ""2012"", ""1997"", ""2003"", ""2012"", ""2006"", ""2000"", ""2010"", ""2007"", ""2010"", ""2006"", 
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""Rossow KD: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Vet Pathol. 1998, 35: 1-20. 10.1177/030098589803500101."", ""Holtkamp D, Kliebenstein JB, Zimmerman JJ, Neumann EJ, Rotto H, Yoder T, Wang C, Yeske P, Mowrer C, Haley C: Economic impact of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus on U.S. pork producers. 2012, Iowa, USA: Iowa State University animal industry report, 6-"", ""Le Potier MF, Blanquefort P, Morvan E, Albina E: Results of a control programme for the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in the French 'Pays de la Loire' region. Vet Microbiol. 1997, 55: 355-360. 10.1016/S0378-1135(96)01318-1."", 
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""OIE: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome. Manual of Diagnostic Tests & Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. 2008, Paris, France: World Organisation for Animal Health, 1222-1235. Volume 2"", ""Nodelijk G, De Jong MCM, Van Nes A, Vernooy JCM, Van Leengoed LAMG, Pol JMA, Verheijden JHM: Introduction, persistence and fade-out of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a Dutch breeding herd: a mathematical analysis. Epidemiol Infect. 2000, 124: 173-182. 10.1017/S0950268899003246."", 
""Wills RW, Zimmerman JJ, Yoon K-J, Swenson SL, McGinley MJ, Hill HT, Platt KB, Christopher-Hennings J, Nelson EA: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: a persistent infection. Vet Microbiol. 1997, 55: 231-240. 10.1016/S0378-1135(96)01337-5."", ""Evans CM, Medley GF, Creasey SJ, Green LE: A stochastic mathematical model of the within-herd transmission dynamics of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV): fade-out and persistence. Prev Vet Med. 2010, 93: 248-257. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.11.001."", 
""Albina E, Leforban Y, Baron T, Plana Duran JP, Vannier P: An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus. Ann Rech Vet. 1992, 23: 167-176."", ""Karber G: Contribution to the collective treatment of pharmacological serial experiments. Arch Exp Pathol Pharmacol. 1931, 162: 480-483. 10.1007/BF01863914."", ""Nygard AB, Jorgensen CB, Cirera S, Fredholm M: Selection of reference genes for gene expression studies in pig tissues using SYBR green qPCR. BMC Mol Biol. 2007, 8: 67-10.1186/1471-2199-8-67."", 
""Liu J, Fan XZ, Wang Q, Xu L, Zhao QZ, Huang W, Zhou YC, Tang B, Chen L, Zou XQ, Sha S, Zhu YY: Dynamic distribution and tissue tropism of classical swine fever virus in experimentally infected pigs. Virol J. 2011, 8: 201-10.1186/1743-422X-8-201."", ""Ferre F: Quantitative or semi-quantitative PCR: reality versus myth. PCR Methods Appl. 1992, 2: 1-9. 10.1101/gr.2.1.1."", ""Pfaffl MW: A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res. 2001, 29: e45-10.1093/nar/29.9.e45."", 
""Andraud M, Grasland B, Durand B, Cariolet R, Jestin A, Madec F, Pierre JS, Rose N: Modelling the time-dependent transmission rate for porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in pigs using data from serial transmission experiments. J R Soc Interface. 2009, 6: 39-50. 10.1098/rsif.2008.0210."", ""Matlab: The MathWorks Inc. 2004, Natick, MA, USA: The MathWorks Inc."", ""Svensonn A: A note on generation times in epidemic models. Math Biosci. 2007, 208: 300-311. 10.1016/j.mbs.2006.10.010."", ""Fraser C, Riley S, Anderson RM, Ferguson NM: Factors that make an infectious disease outbreak controllable. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004, 101: 6146-6151. 10.1073/pnas.0307506101."", 
""SAS Institute Inc: SAS/STAT User's Guide. 2002, Cary, NC. USA: SAS Institute"", ""Hamlett A, Ryan R, Wolfinger R: On the use of PROC MIXED to estimate correlation in the presence of repeated measures. Twenty-Ninth Annual SAS© Users Group International Conference. 2004, Cary, NC: Inc. SI, 1-7."", ""Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-DDCT method. Methods. 2001, 25: 402-408. 10.1006/meth.2001.1262."", ""Molina RM, Cha SH, Chittick W, Lawson S, Murtaugh MP, Nelson EA, Christopher-Hennings J, Yoon KJ, Evans R, Rowland RRR, Zimmerman JJ: Immune response against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus during acute and chronic infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2008, 126: 283-292. 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.08.002."", 
""Ruiz A, Neira V, Ramirez E, Garcia A, Lecocq C, Quezada M: Excretion and transmission study of the Chilean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolate by means of RT-nPCR and ELISA in experimentally inoculated animals and sentinels in contact. Arch Med Vet. 2009, 41: 221-228. in Spanish"", ""Diaz I, Darwich L, Pappaterra G, Pujols J, Mateu E: Immune responses of pigs after experimental infection with a European strain of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. J Gen Virol. 2005, 86: 1943-1951. 10.1099/vir.0.80959-0."", 
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""Batista L, Dee SA, Rossow KD, Dee J, Pijoan C: Assessing the duration of persistence and shedding of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a large population of breeding-age gilts. Can J Vet Res. 2002, 66: 196-200."", ""Wills RW, Doster AR, Galeota JA, Sur J-H, Osorio FA: Duration of infection and proportion of pigs persistently infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. J Clin Microbiol. 2003, 41: 58-62. 10.1128/JCM.41.1.58-62.2003."", ""Terpstra C, Wensvoort G, Van Leengoed LAMG: Persistence of Lelystad virus in herds affected by porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome. 12th International Pig Veterinary Society Congress. 1992, The Hague, The Netherlands: International Pig Veterinary Society, 118-"", 
""Wills RW, Doster AR, Osorio FA: Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to age-matched sentinel pigs. J Swine Health Prod. 2002, 10: 161-165."", ""Karniychuk UU, Geldhof M, Vanhee M, Van Doorsselaere J, Saveleva TA, Nauwynck HJ: Pathogenesis and antigenic characterization of a new East European subtype 3 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolate. BMC Vet Res. 2010, 6: 30-10.1186/1746-6148-6-30."", ""Xiao CT, Liu ZH, Yu XL, Ge M, Li RC, Xiao BR, Zhou HR: Identification of new defective interfering RNA species associated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. Virus Res. 2011, 158: 33-36. 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.03.001."", 
""Wills RW, Zimmerman JJ, Yoon K-J, Swenson SL, Huffman LJ, McGinley MJ, Hill HT, Platt KB: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: routes of excretion. Vet Microbiol. 1997, 57: 69-81. 10.1016/S0378-1135(97)00079-5."", ""Murtaugh MP, Xiao Z, Zuckermann F: Immunological responses of swine to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. Viral Immunol. 2002, 15: 533-547. 10.1089/088282402320914485."", ""Klinkenberg D, de Bree J, Laevens H, De Jong MC: Within- and between-pen transmission of Classical Swine Fever Virus: a new method to estimate the basic reproduction ratio from transmission experiments. Epidemiol Infect. 2002, 128: 293-299."", 
""Bouwknegt M, Frankena K, Rutjes SA, Wellenberg GJ, Husman AMDR, Poel WHMVD, Jong MCMD: Estimation of hepatitis E virus transmission among pigs due to contact-exposure. Vet Res. 2008, 39: 40-10.1051/vetres:2008017.""), journal.title = c(""Br Vet J"", ""Vet Pathol"", NA, ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Vet Microbiol"", NA, ""Virologie"", ""Virus Res"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Virus Res"", ""J Gen Virol"", NA, ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Ann Rech Vet"", ""Arch Exp Pathol Pharmacol"", ""BMC Mol Biol"", 
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"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","2009-12-12","2025-02-13","2010-03","10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.11.001","2025-05-15","0167-5877","4","2010-03","78","248-257","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","35","35","48","A stochastic mathematical model of the within-herd transmission dynamics of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV): Fade-out and persistence","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.11.001","93",NA,"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","list(given = c(""C.M."", ""G.F."", ""S.J."", ""L.E.""), family = c(""Evans"", ""Medley"", ""Creasey"", ""Green""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587709003444?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587709003444?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(year = c(""1992"", ""1994"", ""1993"", ""1994"", ""1994"", ""2002"", ""2000"", ""1992"", ""2008"", ""2005"", ""1992"", ""1990"", ""1992"", ""1995"", ""1997"", ""1998"", ""2008"", ""1993"", ""2002"", ""1997"", ""1997"", ""2000"", ""2002"", ""2002"", ""2004"", ""2009"", ""1997"", ""1992"", ""2004"", NA, ""1997"", ""1997"", ""1995"", ""1979"", ""1997""), series.title = c(""Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proceedings Mystery Swine Disease Committee Meeting"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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""10.54846/jshap/319"", ""10.1051/vetres:2000106"", NA, ""10.1186/1746-6148-4-48"", NA, ""10.1136/vr.130.23.513"", NA, ""10.1136/vr.131.7.140"", NA, ""10.1126/science.275.5296.65"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00176-X"", ""10.1017/S1751731107000997"", ""10.1006/viro.1993.1008"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(01)00260-4"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(96)01321-1"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(96)01349-1"", ""10.1017/S0950268899003246"", ""10.54846/jshap/329"", ""10.1136/vr.150.26.804"", ""10.1136/vr.154.3.80"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.10.013"", ""10.1016/S0093-691X(97)00023-X"", 
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""Recurrent reproductive failure associated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in a swine herd"", ""An attempt to eradicate porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) after an outbreak in a breeding herd: eradication strategy and persistence of antibody titers in sows"", ""A review of evidence for immunosuppression due to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", ""PRRS (Blue-Eared Pig Disease) in Great Britain"", ""Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in GB pig herds: farm characteristics associated with heterogeneity in seroprevalence"", 
""Eradication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by serum inoculation of naive gilts"", ""Effects of blue-eared pig disease on a breeding and fattening unit"", ""Overview and history of mystery swine disease (swine infertility reproductory syndrome)"", ""An outbreak of blue-eared pig disease (porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome) in four pig herds in Great Britain"", ""Pattern of infection with the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on swine farms in Belgium"", 
""Disease extinction and community size: modeling the persistence of measles"", ""Experimental inoculation of swine at various stages of gestation with a Danish isolate of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)"", ""Modelling batch farrowing management within a farrow-to-finish pig herd: influence of management on contact structure and pig delivery to the slaughterhouse"", ""Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS), is related to LDV and EAV"", 
""Risk factors for infection of sow herds with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus"", ""A case–control questionnaire survey of risk factors for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) seropositivity in Danish swine herds"", ""Seroprevalence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Dutch weaning pigs"", ""Introduction, persistence and fade-out of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a Dutch breeding herd: a mathematical analysis"", ""Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by fomites (boots and coveralls)"", 
""Evaluation of aerosol transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus under controlled field conditions"", ""Studies on the carriage and transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by individual houseflies (Musca domestica)"", ""Use of a production region model to assess the airborne spread of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", ""Insemination of susceptible and preimmunized gilts with boar semen containing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", 
""Persistence of Lelystad virus in herds affected by porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome"", ""Attempts to transmit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by aerosols under controlled field conditions"", NA, ""Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: routes of excretion"", ""Transmission of PRRSV by direct, close, or indirect contact"", ""Characterization of the humoral immune response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infection"", ""Seasonality and the requirements for perpetuation and eradication of viruses in populations"", 
""Studies of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infection in avian species""), volume = c(NA, ""40"", ""57"", ""3"", ""205"", ""10"", ""31"", NA, ""4"", ""69"", ""130"", NA, ""131"", ""42"", ""275"", ""61"", ""2"", ""192"", ""53"", ""55"", ""56"", ""124"", ""10"", ""150"", ""154"", ""136"", ""47"", NA, ""154"", NA, ""57"", ""5"", ""7"", ""109"", ""55""), journal.title = c(NA, ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Swine Health and Production"", ""Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"", ""Journal of Swine Health and Production"", 
""Veterinary Research"", ""AASP Internaltional PRRS Symposium Edition"", ""BMC Veterinary Research"", ""Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Veterinary Record"", NA, ""Veterinary Record"", ""Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin Reihe B"", ""Science"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Animal"", ""Virology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""Journal of Swine Health and Production"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", 
""Theriogenology"", NA, ""Veterinary Record"", NA, ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Swine Health and Production"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation: Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc."", ""American Journal of Epidemiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Wensvoort, G., Terpstra, C., Pol, J., ter Laak, E., Bloemraad, M., De Kluijver, E.P., Kragten, E., van Buiten, L., Den Besten, A., Wagenaar, F., Broekhuijsen, J., Moonen, P.L.J.M., Zetstra, T., de Boer, E., Tibben, H., De Jong, M.F., P., v.t.V., G.J.R., G., van Gennep, J., Voets MTh, Verheijden, J.H.M., Braamskamp, J., 1991. Mystery swine disease in the Netherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus. Veterinary Quarterly 13, 121–130."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0167587709003444",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2010-03-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Evans","2010","Evans et al., 2010"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2002-10-15","2019-04-11","2002-12","10.1017/s0950268801006707","2025-04-15","0950-2688,1469-4409","2","2002-04-25","56","193-204","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","0","0","27","Quantification of transmission in one-to-one experiments","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268801006707","128","<jats:p>We study the statistical inference from data on transmission obtained from one-to-one experiments, and compare two algorithms by which the reproduction ratio can be quantified. The first algorithm, the transient state (TS) algorithm, takes the time course of the epidemic into account. The second algorithm, the final size (FS) algorithm, does not take time into account but is based on the assumption that the epidemic process has ended before the experiment is stopped. The FS algorithm is a limiting case of the TS algorithm for the situation where time tends to infinity. So far quantification of transmission has relied almost exclusively on the FS algorithm, even if the TS algorithm would have been more appropriate. Its practical use, however, is limited to experiments with only a few animals. Here, we quantify the error made when the FS algorithm is applied to data of one-to-one experiments not having reached the final size. We conclude that given the chosen tests, the FS algorithm underestimates the reproduction ratio <jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>, is liberal when testing <jats:italic>H0</jats:italic>[ratio   ]<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>[ges     ]1 against <jats:italic>H1</jats:italic>[ratio   ]<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>&lt;1, is conservative when testing <jats:italic>H0</jats:italic>[ratio   ]<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>[les     ]1 against <jats:italic>H1</jats:italic>[ratio   ]<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>&gt;1 and calculates the same probability as the TS algorithm when testing <jats:italic>H0</jats:italic>[ratio   ]<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0-control</jats:sub> = <jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0-treatment</jats:sub> against <jats:italic>H1</jats:italic>[ratio   ]<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0-control</jats:sub>&gt;<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0-treatment</jats:sub>. We show how the power of the test depends on the duration of the experiments and on the number of replicates. The methods are illustrated by an application to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV).</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""A. G. J."", ""M. C. M."", ""J."", ""G."", ""M.""), family = c(""VELTHUIS"", ""DE JONG"", ""DE BREE"", ""NODELIJK"", ""VAN BOVEN""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268801006707"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","NULL","S0950268801006707","2002-04-25","en","NULL","list(date = ""2002-04-25"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"VELTHUIS","2002","VELTHUIS et al., 2002"
"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","2021-01-28","2024-08-23","2022-03","10.1111/tbed.14007","2025-05-19","1865-1674,1865-1682","2","2021-03-09","311","485-500","10.1155","Wiley","1","Crossref","76","76","24","Modelling the transmission and vaccination strategy for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14007","69",NA,"Transbounding Emerging Dis","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-7684"", NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4699-5931"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7552-6144""), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, FALSE, FALSE), given = c(""Jason A."", ""Cesar A."", ""Joaquin M."", ""Gustavo""), family = c(""Galvis"", ""Corzo"", ""Prada"", ""Machado""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine Raleigh NC USA"", ""Veterinary Population Medicine Department College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota St Paul MN USA"", 
""School of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey Guildford UK"", ""Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine Raleigh NC USA""))","list(URL = c(""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.14007"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/tbed.14007"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.14007""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_2_11_2_1"", ""e_1_2_11_3_1"", ""e_1_2_11_4_1"", ""e_1_2_11_5_1"", ""e_1_2_11_6_1"", ""e_1_2_11_7_1"", ""e_1_2_11_8_1"", ""e_1_2_11_9_1"", ""e_1_2_11_10_1"", ""e_1_2_11_11_1"", ""e_1_2_11_12_1"", ""e_1_2_11_13_1"", ""e_1_2_11_14_1"", ""e_1_2_11_15_1"", ""e_1_2_11_16_1"", ""e_1_2_11_17_1"", ""e_1_2_11_18_1"", ""e_1_2_11_19_1"", ""e_1_2_11_20_1"", ""e_1_2_11_21_1"", ""e_1_2_11_22_1"", ""e_1_2_11_23_1"", ""e_1_2_11_24_1"", ""e_1_2_11_25_1"", ""e_1_2_11_26_1"", ""e_1_2_11_27_1"", ""e_1_2_11_28_1"", ""e_1_2_11_29_1"", ""e_1_2_11_30_1"", ""e_1_2_11_31_1"", 
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"American Journal of Veterinary Research","2005-12-22","2025-03-07","2004-09-01","10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.1284","2025-03-08","0002-9645","9","2004-09-01","1272","1284-1292","10.2460","American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","1","Crossref","40","40","28","Spatial dispersal of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-contaminated flies after contact with experimentally infected pigs","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.1284","65","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
				<jats:p>
					<jats:bold>Objective</jats:bold>—To determine whether flies can acquire
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
(PRRSV) and disperse the virus throughout a designated
area.</jats:p>
				<jats:p>
					<jats:bold>Animals</jats:bold>—60 four-month-old pigs.</jats:p>
				<jats:p>
					<jats:bold>Procedure</jats:bold>—On day 0, 28 of 60 pigs were inoculated
with PRRSV MN 30-100 (index variant). On the same
day, 100,000 pupae of ochre-eyed houseflies and
100,000 pupae of red-eyed (wild-type) houseflies
were placed in the swine facility for a release-recapture
study. Flies were recaptured at 2 locations within
the swine facility, 6 locations immediately outside
the facility, and 30 locations 0.4, 0.8, 1.3, 1.7, 1.9, and
2.3 km from the facility. Traps were emptied on days
2, 7, 8, 10, and 14. Samples derived from flies were
tested by use of a polymerase chain reaction assay,
virus DNA was sequenced, and viruses were tested
for infectivity by means of a swine bioassay.</jats:p>
				<jats:p>
					<jats:bold>Results</jats:bold>—PRRSV RNA homologous to the index
PRRSV was detected in trapped flies collected inside
and immediately outside the facility and from 9 of 48
samples collected at 0.4 km, 8 of 24 samples collected
at 0.8 km, 5 of 24 samples collected at 1.3 km, and
3 of 84 samples collected at &gt; 1.7 km from the facility.
Two samples collected at 0.8 km contained genetically
diverse variants of PRRSV. Swine bioassays
revealed the virus in flies was infectious.</jats:p>
				<jats:p>
					<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance</jats:bold>—Flies
appeared to become contaminated with PRRSV from
infected pigs and transported the virus ≥ 1.7 km. Flyborn
transmission may explain how PRRSV is seasonally
transported between farms. (<jats:italic>Am J Vet Res</jats:italic> 2004;65:1284–1292)</jats:p>","ajvr","list(given = c(""Jennifer A."", ""Scott A."", ""Roger D."", ""Kurt D."", ""Carrie"", ""Enrique"", ""Satoshi"", ""Eduardo"", ""James E."", ""Carlos""), family = c(""Schurrer"", ""Dee"", ""Moon"", ""Rossow"", ""Mahlum"", ""Mondaca"", ""Otake"", ""Fano"", ""Collins"", ""Pijoan""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://avmajournals.avma.org/view/journals/ajvr/65/9/ajvr.65.9.1284.xml"", ""https://avmajournals.avma.org/downloadpdf/journals/ajvr/65/9/ajvr.65.9.1284.xml"", ""https://avmajournals.avma.org/downloadpdf/journals/ajvr/65/9/ajvr.65.9.1284.xml""), content.type = c(""text/html"", ""text/html"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""syndication"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""p_1_476"", ""p_2_477"", ""p_3_478"", ""p_4_479"", ""p_5_480"", ""p_6_481"", ""p_7_482"", ""p_8_483"", ""p_9_484"", ""p_10_485"", ""p_11_486"", ""p_12_487"", ""p_13_488"", ""p_14_489"", ""p_15_490"", ""p_16_491"", ""p_17_492"", ""p_18_493"", ""p_19_494"", ""p_20_495"", ""p_21_496"", ""p_22_497"", ""p_23_498"", ""p_24_499"", ""p_25_500"", ""p_26_501"", ""p_27_502"", ""p_28_503"", ""p_29_504"", ""p_30_505"", ""p_31_506"", ""p_32_507"", ""p_33_508"", ""p_34_509"", ""p_35_510"", ""p_36_511"", ""p_37_512"", ""p_38_513"", ""p_39_514"", ""p_40_515""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", 
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""Trincado C, Dee SA, Rossow KD, Halvorson D, Pijoan C (2004) Evaluation of the role of mallard ducks as vectors of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Vet Rec 154:233–237"", ""Bonilauri P, Merialdi G, Dottori M, Barbieri I (2006) Presence of PRRSV in wild boar in Italy. Vet Rec 158:107–108"", ""Reiner G, Fresen C, Bronnert S, Willems H (2009) Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in wild boars. Vet Microbiol 136:250–258"", ""Vilcek S, Molnar L, Vlasakova M, Jackova A (2015) The first detection of PRRSV in wild boars in Slovakia. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 128:31–33"", 
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""Oslage U, Dahle J, Müller T, Kramer M, Beier D, Liess B (1994) Prevalence of antibodies against the viruses of European swine fever, Aujeszky’s disease and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in wild boars in the federal states Sachsen-Anhalt and Brandenburg. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 101:33–38"", ""Baroch JA, Gagnon CA, Lacouture S, Gottschalk GM (2015) Exposure of feral swine (Sus scrofa) in the United States to selected pathogens. Can J Vet Res 79:74–78"", ""Schurrer JA, Dee SA, Moon RD, Murtaugh MP, Finnegan CP, Deen J, Kleiboeker SB, Pijoan CB (2005) Retention of ingested porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in houseflies. Am J Vet Res 66:1517–1525"", 
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""Moon RD (2002) Muscid flies, Muscidae. In: Durden LA, Mullen GR (eds) Medical and veterinary entomology, chapter 16. Academic Press, New York"", ""Schurrer JA, Dee SA, Moon RD, Rossow KD, Mahlum C, Mondaca E, Otake S, Fano E, Collins JE, Pijoan C (2006) Spatial dispersal of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-contaminated flies after contact with experimentally infected pigs. Am J Vet Res 65:1284–1292"", ""Magar R, Larochelle R (2004) Evaluation of the presence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pig meat and experimental transmission following oral exposure. Can J Vet Res 68:259–266"", 
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""Cytokine profiles and phenotype regulation of antigen presenting cells by genotype-I porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates"", ""Population dynamics of bovine herpesvirus 1 infection in a dairy herd"", ""Probability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infection as a function of exposure route and dose"", ""Age-dependent resistance to Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication in swine"", ""Within- and between-pen transmission of Classical Swine Fever Virus: a new method to estimate the basic reproduction ratio from transmission experiments"", 
""Evaluation of protective immunity in gilts inoculated with the NADC-8 isolate of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and challenge-exposed with an antigenically distinct PRRSV isolate"", ""The global antigenic diversity of swine influenza A viruses"", ""Effect of maternally derived antibodies on the clinical signs and immune response in pigs after primary and secondary infection with an influenza H1N1 virus"", ""Population dynamics of swine influenza virus in farrow-to-finish and specialised finishing herds in the Netherlands"", 
""Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus isolates differ in their susceptibility to neutralization"", ""Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein 5 of European-type porcine reproductive and respiratory virus strains in Spain"", ""Experimental quantification of the transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", ""The ever-expanding diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", ""Serum immune responses to the proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus"", 
""Introduction, persistence and fade-out of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a Dutch breeding herd: a mathematical analysis"", ""A quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of PRRSV vaccination in pigs under experimental conditions"", ""Simulation model of within-herd transmission of bovine tuberculosis in Argentine dairy herds"", ""Vaccination with a genotype 1 modified live vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus significantly reduces viremia, viral shedding and transmission of the virus in a quasi-natural experimental model"", 
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"Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine","2021-11-26","2021-11-26","2021-11-26","10.1155/2021/9919700","2025-02-21","1748-6718,1748-670X",NA,"2021-11-26","311","1-25","10.1155","Wiley","1","Crossref","31","31","3","An Embedded Multiscale Modelling to Guide Control and Elimination of Paratuberculosis in Ruminants","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9919700","2021","<jats:p>In recent years, multiscale modelling approach has begun to receive an overwhelming appreciation as an appropriate technique to characterize the complexity of infectious disease systems. In this study, we develop an embedded multiscale model of paratuberculosis in ruminants at host level that integrates the within-host scale and the between-host. A key feature of embedded multiscale models developed at host level of organization of an infectious disease system is that the within-host scale and the between-host scale influence each other in a reciprocal (i.e., both) way through superinfection, that is, through repeated infection before the host recovers from the initial infectious episode. This key feature is demonstrated in this study through a multiscale model of paratuberculosis in ruminants. The results of this study, through numerical analysis of the multiscale model, show that superinfection influences the dynamics of paratuberculosis only at the start of the infection, while the MAP bacteria replication continuously influences paratuberculosis dynamics throughout the infection until the host recovers from the initial infectious episode. This is largely because the replication of MAP bacteria at the within-host scale sustains the dynamics of paratuberculosis at this scale domain. We further use the embedded multiscale model developed in this study to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of paratuberculosis health interventions that influence the disease dynamics at different scales from efficacy data.</jats:p>","Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine","list(given = c(""Rendani"", ""Winston""), family = c(""Netshikweta"", ""Garira""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Modelling Health and Environmental Linkages Research Group (MHELRG), Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa"", ""Modelling Health and Environmental Linkages Research Group (MHELRG), Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa""
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""Walker, K., French, J.J., Kliebstein, J., McCamley, F., Headley, J.C., Belyea, R., 1988a. An economic and epidemiologic simulation model of paratuberculosis (Johne’s) disease in dairy herds. Part I. The analytical model. Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Missouri–Columbia, Columbia, MO, pp. 1–137."", ""Walker, K., Kliebstein, J., McCamley, F., French, J.J., Thomas, C., Headley, J.C., Belyea, R., 1988b. An economic and epidemiologic simulation model of paratuberculosis (Johne’s) disease in dairy herds. Part II. Model results. Agriculture Experiment Station, University of Missouri–Columbia, Columbia, MO, pp. 1–23."", 
""Wells, S.J., Whitlock, R.H., Stabel, J.R., 2000. Descriptive epidemiology of Johne’s disease in an infected dairy herd. In: Proceedings of the Ninth Symposium of the International Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Breckenridge, CO, USA, pp. 903–904."", NA), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1"", ""4"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0167587702000272",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2002-07-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Groenendaal","2002","Groenendaal et al., 2002"
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""S Ripatti"", ""TM Therneau"", ""DP Harrington"", NA, NA, ""K de Silva"", ""SS Nielsen"", NA), year = c(""1993"", ""1994"", ""1987"", ""1989"", ""1998"", ""2000"", ""2000"", ""1989"", ""2014"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""2015"", ""2012"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2008"", NA, ""1958"", ""2003"", ""2000"", ""2003"", ""1982"", NA, NA, ""2013"", ""2006"", NA), unstructured = c(""Fauci AS (1993) HIV infection is active and progressive in lymphoid tissue during the clinically latent stage of disease. Nature 362:355–358"", ""Tierney R, Steven N, Young L, Rickinson A (1994) Epstein-Barr virus latency in blood mononuclear cells: analysis of viral gene transcription during primary infection and in the carrier state. J Virol 68:7374–7385"", 
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""Hernandez-Pando R, Jeyanathan M, Mengistu G, Aguilar D, Orozco H, Harboe M, Rook G, Bjune G (2000) Persistence of DNA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in superficially normal lung tissue during latent infection. Lancet 356:2133–2138"", ""Lagarias DM, Radke K (1989) Transcriptional activation of bovine leukemia virus in blood cells from experimentally infected, asymptomatic sheep with latent infections. J Virol 63:2099–2107"", ""Olson AD, Meyer L, Prins M, Thiebaut R, Gurdasani D, Guiguet M, Chaix M-L, Amornkul P, Babiker A, Sandhu MS, Porter K, CASCADE Collaboration in EuroCoord (2014) An evaluation of HIV elite controller definitions within a large seroconverter cohort collaboration. PLoS One 9:e86719"", 
""Garry F (2011) Control of paratuberculosis in dairy herds. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 27:599–607"", ""Smith R, Strawderman R, Schukken Y, Wells S, Pradhan A, Espejo L, Whitlock R, Van Kessel J, Smith J, Wolfgang D (2010) Effect of Johne’s disease status on reproduction and culling in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 93:3513–3524"", ""Smith R, Grohn Y, Pradhan A, Whitlock R, Van Kessel J, Smith J, Wolfgang D, Schukken Y (2009) A longitudinal study on the impact of Johne’s disease status on milk production in individual cows. J Dairy Sci 92:2653–2661"", 
""Poropatich K, Sullivan DJ (2011) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long-term non-progressors: the viral, genetic and immunological basis for disease non-progression. J Gen Virol 92:247–268"", ""Sajadi MM, Redfield RR, Talwani R (2013) Altered T-cell subsets in HIV-1 natural viral suppressors (elite controllers) with hepatitis C infection. AIDS 27:1989–1992"", ""Schukken Y, Mitchell R, Whitlock R, Gröhn Y (2015) Longitudinal data collection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infections in dairy herds. Collection and use of observational data, Vet Res"", 
""Mitchell RM, Medley GF, Collins MT, Schukken YH (2012) A meta-analysis of the effect of dose and age at exposure on shedding of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) in experimentally infected calves and cows. Epidemiol Infect 140:231–246"", ""Pradhan A, Van Kessel J, Karns J, Wolfgang D, Hovingh E, Nelen K, Smith J, Whitlock R, Fyock T, Ladely S (2009) Dynamics of endemic infectious diseases of animal and human importance on three dairy herds in the northeastern United States. J Dairy Sci 92:1811–1825"", 
""Pradhan AK, Mitchell RM, Kramer AJ, Zurakowski MJ, Fyock TL, Whitlock RH, Smith JM, Hovingh E, Van Kessel JAS, Karns JS (2011) Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in a longitudinal study of three dairy herds. J Clin Microbiol 49:893–901"", ""Benedictus A, Mitchell R, Linde-Widmann M, Sweeney R, Fyock T, Schukken Y, Whitlock R (2008) Transmission parameters of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infections in a dairy herd going through a control program. Prev Vet Med 83:215–227"", 
""Koets A, Santema W, Mertens H, Oostenrijk D, Keestra M, Overdijk M, Labouriau R, Franken P, Frijters A, Nielen M (2010) Susceptibility to paratuberculosis infection in cattle is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor 2 which modulate immune responses against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. Prev Vet Med 93:305–315"", ""Karcher E, Beitz D, Stabel J (2008) Modulation of cytokine gene expression and secretion during the periparturient period in dairy cows naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 123:277–288"", 
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""Harrington DP, Fleming TR (1982) A class of rank test procedures for censored survival data. Biometrika 69:553–566"", ""Ganusov VV, Klinkenberg D, Bakker D, Koets AP (2015) Evaluating the contribution of the cellular and humoral immune responses to the control of shedding of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in cattle. Vet Res (in press)"", ""Klinkenberg D, Koets A (2015) The long subclinical phase of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infections explained without adaptive immunity. Vet Res (in press)"", 
""de Silva K, Begg DJ, Plain KM, Purdie AC, Kawaji S, Dhand NK, Whittington RJ (2013) Can early host responses to mycobacterial infection predict eventual disease outcomes? Prev Vet Med 112:203–212"", ""Nielsen SS, Ersbøll AK (2006) Age at occurrence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in naturally infected dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 89:4557–4566"", ""Louzoun Y, Mitchell R, Behar H, Schukken Y (2015) Two state model for a constant disease hazard in paratuberculosis (and other bovine diseases). Vet Res (in press)""
), journal.title = c(""Nature"", ""J Virol"", ""Annu Rev Microbiol"", ""J Virol"", ""Curr Opin Struct Biol"", ""Eur J Immunol"", ""Lancet"", ""J Virol"", ""PLoS One"", ""Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract"", ""J Dairy Sci"", ""J Dairy Sci"", ""J Gen Virol"", ""AIDS"", NA, ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""J Dairy Sci"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Vet Immunol Immunopathol"", NA, ""J Am Stat Assoc"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Biometrics"", ""J Comp Graph Stat"", ""Biometrika"", NA, NA, ""Prev Vet Med"", ""J Dairy Sci"", NA), volume.title = c(NA, 
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"American Journal of Veterinary Research","2005-12-22","2025-03-07","2003-04-01","10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.479","2025-03-07","0002-9645","4","2003-04-01","1272","479-484","10.2460","American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","1","Crossref","13","13","36","Longitudinal study to investigate variation in results of repeated ELISA and culture of fecal samples for Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in commercial dairy herds","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.479","64","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
				<jats:p>
					<jats:bold>Objective</jats:bold>—To determine sources and amounts of
variation in a kinetics ELISA (KELA) and results of culture
of fecal samples for <jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium</jats:italic> subsp
<jats:italic>paratuberculosis</jats:italic> (MAP) in repeated tests of individual
cows.</jats:p>
				<jats:p>
					<jats:bold>Animals</jats:bold>—112 cows on 6 commercial dairy farms in
New York.</jats:p>
				<jats:p>
					<jats:bold>Procedure</jats:bold>—A nonrandom longitudinal study was
conducted from January 2001 to March 2002. A KELA
was performed monthly, and MAP culture was performed
bimonthly. Cow- and herd-level data were collected.
The KELA and culture results were analyzed by
use of models that corrected for clustering within
herds and repeated measures on cows.</jats:p>
				<jats:p>
					<jats:bold>Results</jats:bold>—Cows of second or higher lactation had
increased KELA values, compared with values for
first-lactation cows. Cows had lowest KELA values
during the first 15 days in milk; KELA values increased
until 60 days in milk and then stabilized. Moderate
and heavy shedders had significantly higher KELA values
than culture-negative cows, and KELA values of
shedders progressively increased over time. On average,
the KELA value was significantly increased 132
days after a cow was first detected to be a moderate
shedder and 236 days after a cow was first detected
to be a low shedder.</jats:p>
				<jats:p>
					<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance</jats:bold>—Analysis suggests
that KELA results vary on a cow-level on the
basis of lactation number and stage of lactation. High
KELA values indicate heavy fecal shedding, but the
KELA is not useful in identifying low and moderate
shedders that can require up to 236 days to have a
significant increase in KELA value. (<jats:italic>Am J Vet Res</jats:italic>
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NA), first.page = c(NA, ""1163"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""126"", NA, NA, ""13"", ""267"", NA, NA), volume = c(NA, ""218"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""14"", NA, NA, ""73"", ""79"", NA, NA), author = c(NA, ""Dargatz DA"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Kim SG"", NA, NA, ""Liang KH"", ""Whittington RJ"", NA, NA), year = c(NA, ""2001"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2002"", NA, NA, ""1986"", ""2001"", NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, ""J Am Vet Med Assoc"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J Vet Diagn Invest"", NA, NA, ""Biometrika"", ""Aust Vet J"", NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, ""Hirst H, Garry F, Goodell G, etalFindings from repeated testing for Johne's disease in Colorado dairy cattle utilizing the IDEXX ELISA, in Proceedings. 9th Symp Int Soc Vet Epidemiol Econ 2000:1286-1288."", 
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""Van Schaik G, Schukken YH, Stehman SM, etalEvaluation of a kinetics ELISA to detect faecal shedding of M. paratuberculosis in dairy herds, in Proceedings. 7th Int Colloquium Paratuberculosis 2002;in press.""))",NA,NA,NA,"NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"van Schaik","2003","van Schaik et al., 2003"
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""Paratuberculosis: eradication: control and diagnostic methods"", ""Cost effective control strategies for Johne's disease in dairy herds"", ""Simulation model of paratuberculosis control in a dairy herd"", ""Consensus recommendations on diagnostic testing for the detection of paratuberculosis in cattle in the United States"", ""Successful control of Johne's disease in nine dairy herds: results of a six-year field trial"", NA, ""Accounting for uncertainty in model-based prevalence estimation: paratuberculosis control in dairy herds"", 
""Reproductive risk factors for culling and productive life in large dairy herds in the eastern United States between 2001 and 2006"", ""Risk factors associated with transmission of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to calves within dairy herd: a systematic review"", ""Decision analysis model for paratuberculosis control in commercial dairy herds"", ""Invited review: culling: nomenclature, definitions, and recommendations"", ""Control of paratuberculosis in dairy herds"", ""A simulation of Johne's disease control"", 
""Development of the Dutch Johne's disease control program supported by a simulation model"", ""Effects of clinical mastitis caused by grampositive and gram-negative bacteria and other organisms on the probability of conception in New York State Holstein dairy cows"", ""Effects of pathogen-specific clinical mastitis on probability of conception in Holstein dairy cows"", ""A stochastic model simulating paratuberculosis in dairy herd"", ""Economy, efficacy, and feasibility of a risk-based control program against paratuberculosis"", 
""Epidemiology and economics of paratuberculosis"", ""The importance of culling in Johne's disease control"", ""Stochastic simulations of a multi-group compartmental model for Johne's disease on US dairy herds with test-based culling intervention"", ""Impact of imperfect Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis vaccines in dairy herds: a mathematical modeling approach"", ""Within-herd contact structure and transmission of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in a persistently infected dairy cattle herd"", 
""Simulation modeling to evaluate the persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) on commercial dairy farms in the United States"", ""Differences in intermittent and continuous fecal shedding patterns between natural and experimental Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infections in cattle"", ""Back to the real world: connecting models with data"", ""Susceptibility to and diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in dairy calves: a review"", NA, 
""Time to the occurrence of a decline in milk production in cows with various paratuberculosis antibody profiles"", ""Effect of management practices on paratuberculosis prevalence in Danish dairy herds"", NA, ""Herd-level economic losses associated with Johne's disease on US dairy operations"", ""A deterministic and stochastic simulation model for intra-herd paratuberculosis transmission"", ""Dynamics of endemic infectious diseases of animal and human importance on three dairy herds in the northeastern United States"", 
""Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in a longitudinal study of three dairy herds"", ""Herd management practices and the transmission of Johne's disease within infected dairy herds in Victoria, Australia"", ""Agent-based model for Johne's disease dynamics in a dairy herd"", ""Longitudinal data collection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies Paratuberculosis infections in dairy herds: the value of precise field data"", NA, NA, ""A longitudinal study on the impact of Johne's disease status on milk production in individual cows"", 
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"Epidemiology and Infection","2008-01-16","2020-04-30","2008-11","10.1017/s0950268807000209","2024-08-08","0950-2688,1469-4409","11","2008-01-16","56","1496-1510","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","39","39","30","The effect of heterogeneous infectious period and contagiousness on the dynamics of<i>Salmonella</i>transmission in dairy cattle","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268807000209","136","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to address the impact of heterogeneity of infectious period and contagiousness on<jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic>transmission dynamics in dairy cattle populations. We developed three deterministic SIR-type models with two basic infected stages (clinically and subclinically infected). In addition, model 2 included long-term shedders, which were defined as individuals with low contagiousness but long infectious period, and model 3 included super-shedders (individuals with high contagiousness and long infectious period). The simulated dynamics, basic reproduction number (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>) and critical vaccination threshold were studied. Clinically infected individuals were the main force of infection transmission for models 1 and 2. Long-term shedders had a small impact on the transmission of the infection and on the estimated vaccination thresholds. The presence of super-shedders increases<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>and decreases the effectiveness of population-wise strategies to reduce infection, making necessary the application of strategies that target this specific group.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""C."", ""S."", ""R."", ""Y."", ""P. P."", ""K. A."", ""P."", ""L. D."", ""Y. T.""), family = c(""LANZAS"", ""BRIEN"", ""IVANEK"", ""LO"", ""CHAPAGAIN"", ""RAY"", ""AYSCUE"", ""WARNICK"", ""GRÖHN""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268807000209"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268807000209_ref026"", ""S0950268807000209_ref012"", ""S0950268807000209_ref005"", ""S0950268807000209_ref039"", ""S0950268807000209_ref035"", ""S0950268807000209_ref032"", ""S0950268807000209_ref031"", ""S0950268807000209_ref030"", ""S0950268807000209_ref029"", ""S0950268807000209_ref037"", ""S0950268807000209_ref027"", ""S0950268807000209_ref024"", ""S0950268807000209_ref021"", ""S0950268807000209_ref020"", ""S0950268807000209_ref014"", ""S0950268807000209_ref013"", ""S0950268807000209_ref006"", ""S0950268807000209_ref004"", 
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""S0950268807000209_ref016"", ""S0950268807000209_ref028"", ""S0950268807000209_ref019""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1128/AEM.71.1.93-97.2005"", NA, ""10.1086/379668"", ""10.1053/tvjl.2000.0502"", ""10.1017/S0950268805004590"", ""10.1128/IAI.41.2.742-750.1983"", ""10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1897"", ""10.1016/S0025-5564(02)00108-6"", NA, ""10.1073/pnas.94.1.338"", ""10.1073/pnas.0503776103"", NA, ""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00094-X"", NA, ""10.1016/j.mbs.2006.01.006"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.09.015"", ""10.3201/eid0805.010267"", ""10.1001/jama.281.19.1805"", ""10.1086/500320"", ""10.1079/9780851992617.0169"", 
""10.3201/eid1005.030484"", ""10.1136/vr.124.20.532"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.04.003"", ""10.1016/S0951-8320(03)00058-9"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(02)00210-6"", ""10.1046/j.1365-2672.2004.02151.x"", ""10.1086/381270"", ""10.3201/eid0505.990502"", ""10.2460/javma.228.4.585"", NA, ""10.2460/javma.2002.220.650"", ""10.1038/nature04153"", ""10.1111/0272-4332.00041"", ""10.1016/S0034-5288(18)32968-0"", ""10.1038/nrmicro907"", ""10.2460/javma.2001.219.310"", ""10.1080/00480169.1965.33598"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268802007148""), volume.title = c(NA, 
""Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mathematical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases: Model Building, Analysis and Interpretation"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bovine Medicine: Disease and Husbandry of Cattle"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, ""Anderson"", NA, NA, NA, ""Robertsson"", NA, NA, ""Diekmann"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Jones"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
""Chapagain"", NA, NA, NA, ""Wray"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, ""1992"", NA, NA, NA, ""1983"", NA, NA, ""2000"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2004"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2007"", NA, NA, NA, ""1978"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""742"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""215"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""139"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Salmonella typhimurium infection in calves – protection and survival of virulent challenge bacteria after immunization with live or inactivated vaccines"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""A mathematical model of the dynamics of Salmonella Cerro infection in a US dairy herd"", NA, NA, NA, ""Experimental Salmonella typhimurium infection in calves"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""41"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""25"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Infection and Immunity"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Epidemiology and Infection"", NA, NA, NA, ""Research in Veterinary Science"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""24.  Warnick LD , Duration of fecal shedding following clinical salmonellosis in dairy cattle. In: International Symposium on Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics. Cairns, Australia, 2006."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""28.  Ray KA . Epidemiology of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella on dairy farms in the northeast and midwest USA (Dissertation). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, 2007, 225 pp."", NA))","S0950268807000209","2008-01-16","en","NULL","list(date = ""2008-01-16"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"LANZAS","2008","LANZAS et al., 2008"
"BMC Veterinary Research","2013-12-04","2016-05-16","2013","10.1186/1746-6148-9-245","2025-06-12","1746-6148","1","2013","297","245","10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","25","25","10","Invasion and transmission of Salmonella Kentucky in an adult dairy herd using approximate Bayesian computation","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-9-245","9",NA,"BMC Vet Res,BMC Veterinary Research","list(given = c(""Zhao"", ""Rebecca M"", ""Rebecca L"", ""Jeffrey S"", ""Jo Ann S"", ""David R"", ""Ynte H"", ""Yrjo T""), family = c(""Lu"", ""Mitchell"", ""Smith"", ""Karns"", ""van Kessel"", ""Wolfgang"", ""Schukken"", ""Grohn""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","NULL","list(key = c(""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B1"", ""-"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B5"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B6"", ""-"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B9"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B10"", ""-"", ""-"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B13"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B14"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B16"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B17"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B18"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B19"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B20"", ""-"", ""-"", ""-"", ""-"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B25"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B26"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B27"", 
""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B28"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-9-245-B29""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.3201/eid0505.990502"", ""10.1086/650733"", ""10.1086/427263"", ""10.1086/588823"", ""10.1098/rstb.2009.0094"", 
""10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73045-9"", ""10.3168/jds.2008-1486"", ""10.1089/fpd.2007.0033"", ""10.1089/fpd.2011.1054"", ""10.1093/infdis/jir409"", ""10.1128/AEM.00786-09"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.09.015"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.04.028"", ""10.1051/vetres:2007036"", ""10.1051/vetres:2008038"", ""10.1002/sim.3968"", ""10.1093/imammb/15.1.19"", ""10.1191/1471082X04st065oa"", ""10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102209-144621"", ""10.1098/rsif.2008.0172"", ""10.1093/bioinformatics/btq278"", ""10.1016/S0025-5564(02)00108-6"", ""10.1146/annurev.physchem.58.032806.104637"", 
""10.1371/journal.pmed.0020174"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0034660""))","1746-6148-9-245",NA,"en","NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Lu","2013","Lu et al., 2013"
"PLoS ONE","2014-11-20","2020-05-08",NA,"10.1371/journal.pone.0111832","2024-12-04","1932-6203","11","2014-11-20","340","e111832","10.1371","Public Library of Science (PLoS)","1","Crossref","0","0","1","Correction: Mathematical Modeling of Influenza A Virus Dynamics within Swine Farms and the Effects of Vaccination","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111832","9",NA,"PLoS ONE","list(name = ""The PLOS ONE Staff"", sequence = ""first"")","NULL","NULL",NA,"2014-11-20","en","NULL","list(date = ""2014-11-20"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"list(date = ""2014-11-20"", DOI = ""10.1371/journal.pone.0106177"", type = ""correction"", source = ""publisher"", label = ""Correction"")",NA,"The PLOS ONE Staff","2014","The PLOS ONE Staff, 2014"
"PLOS ONE","2018-09-24","2024-07-10",NA,"10.1371/journal.pone.0202493","2025-05-31","1932-6203","9","2018-09-24","340","e0202493","10.1371","Public Library of Science (PLoS)","1","Crossref","32","32","38","An SEIR model of influenza A virus infection and reinfection within a farrow-to-finish swine farm","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202493","13",NA,"PLoS ONE","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5044-074X"", NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(TRUE, NA, NA), given = c(""Fatima"", ""Allan"", ""Zvonimir""), family = c(""Etbaigha"", ""R. Willms"", ""Poljak""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202493"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(issue = c(""1"", ""1"", ""s1"", ""2"", ""3"", ""3"", ""1"", ""1"", ""2"", NA, NA, ""8"", NA, ""1"", ""11"", ""1"", NA, ""6"", ""119"", ""9"", NA, ""1"", NA, ""9-10"", ""1"", ""4"", ""7"", ""4"", NA, ""31"", NA, NA), key = c(""ref1"", ""ref2"", ""ref3"", ""ref4"", ""ref5"", ""ref6"", ""ref7"", ""ref8"", ""ref9"", ""ref10"", ""ref11"", ""ref12"", ""ref13"", ""ref14"", ""ref15"", ""ref16"", ""ref17"", ""ref18"", ""ref19"", ""ref20"", ""ref21"", ""ref22"", ""ref23"", ""ref24"", ""ref25"", ""ref26"", ""ref27"", ""ref28"", ""ref29"", ""ref30"", ""ref31"", ""ref32""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA), first.page = c(""29"", ""1"", ""68"", ""45"", ""500"", ""99"", ""537"", ""24"", ""199"", ""127"", NA, ""e106177"", NA, ""23"", ""2403"", ""156"", NA, ""383"", ""20160138"", ""e0163672"", ""55"", ""7"", ""58"", ""533"", ""81"", ""248"", 
""1399"", ""295"", NA, ""4479"", ""51"", NA), DOI = c(""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00164-4"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-120"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01300.x"", ""10.1080/01652176.2006.9695207"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.11.023"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2008.00043.x"", ""10.1186/1743-422X-8-537"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.05.025"", ""10.1016/S0168-1702(02)00027-8"", ""10.1016/S0065-3527(08)00403-X"", ""10.1002/9781118393277"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0106177"", NA, ""10.1016/S0165-2427(03)00019-9"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-67.11.2403"", ""10.2460/ajvr.1990.51.01.156"", 
NA, ""10.1111/zph.12010"", ""10.1098/rsif.2016.0138"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0163672"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.12.013"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.09.018"", ""10.1191/0960327102ht293oa"", ""10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.03.019"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.11.001"", ""10.1007/s007050070098"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00306-1"", NA, ""10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00206-7"", NA, NA), article.title = c(""The epidemiology and evolution of influenza viruses in pigs"", ""Vaccination of influenza a virus decreases transmission rates in pigs"", 
""Transmission of influenza A virus in pigs"", ""An overview of swine influenza"", ""The impact of maternally derived immunity on influenza A virus transmission in neonatal pig populations"", ""Seroprevalence of H1N1, H3N2 and H1N2 influenza viruses in pigs in seven European countries in 2002–2003"", ""Swine influenza virus infection in different age groups of pigs in farrow-to-finish farms in Thailand"", ""Investigation of exposure to swine influenza viruses in Ontario (Canada) finisher herds in 2004 and 2005"", 
""The emergence of novel swine influenza viruses in North America"", ""Swine influenza viruses: a North American perspective"", ""Emerging epidemics: Management and control"", ""Mathematical modeling of influenza A virus dynamics within swine farms and the effects of vaccination"", ""Control of a Reassortant Pandemic 2009 H1N1 Influenza Virus Outbreak in an Intensive Swine Breeding Farm: Effect of Vaccination and Enhanced Farm Management Practices"", ""Effect of maternally derived antibodies on the clinical signs and immune response in pigs after primary and secondary infection with an influenza H1N1 virus"", 
""A mathematical model for the transmission of Salmonella Typhimurium within a grower-finisher pig herd in Great Britain"", ""Mathematical model for the impact of a pseudorabies epizootic on the productivity of a farrow-to-finish operation"", ""Agricultural intensification, priming for persistence and the emergence of Nipah virus: a lethal bat-borne zoonosis"", ""A review of simulation modelling approaches used for the spread of zoonotic influenza viruses in animal and human populations"", ""High turnover drives prolonged persistence of influenza in managed pig herds"", 
""Maternally Derived Immunity Extends Swine Influenza A Virus Persistence within Farrow-to-Finish Pig Farms: Insights from a Stochastic Event-Driven Metapopulation Model"", ""Influenza A virus in swine breeding herds: Combination of vaccination and biosecurity practices can reduce likelihood of endemic piglet reservoir"", ""Prevalence of and risk factors for influenza in southern Ontario swine herds in 2001 and 2003"", ""An economic evaluation of intervention strategies for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)"", 
""The pig as a model of developmental immunology"", ""The influence of age and maternal antibodies on the postvaccinal response against swine influenza viruses in pigs"", ""A stochastic mathematical model of the within-herd transmission dynamics of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV): fade-out and persistence"", ""Virologic and serologic surveillance for human, swine and avian influenza virus infections among pigs in the north-central United States"", ""Estimating the incidence of influenza-virus infections in Dutch weaned piglets using blood samples from a cross-sectional study"", 
""Swine influenza"", ""Efficacy of vaccination of pigs with different H1N1 swine influenza viruses using a recent challenge strain and different parameters of protection"", ""The porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome compendium 2nd ed"", NA), volume = c(""74"", ""42"", ""59"", ""28"", ""31"", ""2"", ""8"", ""83"", ""85"", ""72"", NA, ""9"", ""7"", ""92"", ""67"", ""51"", NA, ""60"", ""13"", ""11"", ""138"", ""72"", ""134"", ""21"", ""142"", ""93"", ""145"", ""91"", NA, ""19"", NA, NA), author = c(""IH Brown"", ""A Romagosa"", ""M Torremorell"", ""H Kothalawala"", 
""M Allerson"", ""K Van Reeth"", ""N Takemae"", ""Z Poljak"", ""CW Olsen"", ""AL Vincent"", ""PS Bisen"", ""JJ Reynolds"", ""L Mughini-Gras"", ""W Loeffen"", ""R Ivanek"", ""B Grenfell"", ""JR Pulliam"", ""S Dorjee"", ""VE Pitzer"", ""C Cador"", ""L White"", ""Z Poljak"", ""L Weng"", ""H Rothkötter"", ""I Markowska-Daniel"", ""C Evans"", ""C Olsen"", ""W Loeffen"", ""B Easterday"", ""K Van Reeth"", ""J Holck"", NA), year = c(""2000"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2006"", ""2013"", ""2008"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2002"", ""2008"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2003"", ""2004"", ""1990"", 
""2011"", ""2013"", ""2016"", ""2016"", ""2017"", ""2008"", ""2016"", ""2002"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2000"", ""2003"", ""1992"", ""2001"", ""2003"", NA), journal.title = c(""Veterinary microbiology"", ""Veterinary research"", ""Transboundary and emerging diseases"", ""Veterinary quarterly"", ""Vaccine"", ""Influenza and other respiratory viruses"", ""Virology journal"", ""Preventive veterinary medicine"", ""Virus research"", ""Advances in virus research"", NA, ""PloS one"", ""PLoS currents"", ""Veterinary immunology and immunopathology"", ""Journal of Food Protection"", 
""American journal of veterinary research"", ""Journal of the Royal Society Interface"", ""Zoonoses and public health"", ""Journal of The Royal Society Interface"", ""PloS one"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Human & experimental toxicology"", ""Veterinary immunology and immunopathology"", ""Preventive veterinary medicine"", ""Archives of virology"", ""Veterinary microbiology"", NA, ""Vaccine"", NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""McCaw M, FitzSimmons M, Daniels C, Allison G, Gillespie T, Thacker E, et al. Field Experiences with Different Methods of Controlling PRRS Virus;.""))",NA,"2018-09-24","en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/100010450"", name = ""Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", id.id = ""10.13039/100010450"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = ""2018-09-24"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Etbaigha","2018","Etbaigha et al., 2018"
"PLOS ONE","2023-05-04","2023-12-12",NA,"10.1371/journal.pone.0278495","2025-04-01","1932-6203","5","2023-05-04","340","e0278495","10.1371","Public Library of Science (PLoS)","1","Crossref","65","65","3","A stochastic compartmental model to simulate intra- and inter-species influenza transmission in an indoor swine farm","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278495","18","<jats:p>Common in swine production worldwide, influenza causes significant clinical disease and potential transmission to the workforce. Swine vaccines are not universally used in swine production, due to their limited efficacy because of continuously evolving influenza viruses. We evaluated the effects of vaccination, isolation of infected pigs, and changes to workforce routine (ensuring workers moved from younger pig batches to older pig batches). A Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered model was used to simulate stochastic influenza transmission during a single production cycle on an indoor hog growing unit containing 4000 pigs and two workers. The absence of control practices resulted in 3,957 pigs [0–3971] being infected and a 0.61 probability of workforce infection. Assuming incoming pigs had maternal-derived antibodies (MDAs), but no control measures were applied, the total number of infected pigs reduced to 1 [0–3958] and the probability of workforce infection was 0.25. Mass vaccination (40% efficacious) of incoming pigs also reduced the total number of infected pigs to 2362 [0–2374] or 0 [0–2364] in pigs assumed to not have MDAs and have MDAs, respectively. Changing the worker routine by starting with younger to older pig batches, reduced the number of infected pigs to 996 [0–1977] and the probability of workforce infection (0.22) in pigs without MDAs. In pigs with MDAs the total number of infected pigs was reduced to 0 [0–994] and the probability of workforce infection was 0.06. All other control practices alone, showed little improvement in reducing total infected pigs and the probability of workforce infection. Combining all control strategies reduced the total number of infected pigs to 0 or 1 with a minimal probability of workforce infection (&lt;0.0002–0.01). These findings suggest that non-pharmaceutical interventions can reduce the impact of influenza on swine production and workers when efficacious vaccines are unavailable.</jats:p>","PLoS ONE","list(given = c(""Eric"", ""Max"", ""Darryl"", ""Wendy""), family = c(""Kontowicz"", ""Moreno-Madriñan"", ""Ragland"", ""Beauvais""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), ORCID = c(NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-3331""), authenticated.orcid = c(NA, NA, NA, TRUE))","list(URL = ""https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278495"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(issue = c(""1"", ""suppl_2"", ""1"", ""6‐7"", NA, NA, NA, ""suppl_1"", ""31"", ""10"", ""5"", ""1"", ""1"", ""2"", ""1"", ""9"", ""12"", ""1"", NA, ""3"", ""12"", NA, NA, NA, ""1"", ""1"", ""2"", ""1"", ""1"", ""Supplement_1"", ""3"", ""2"", ""4"", ""1–2"", ""1–2"", ""3"", ""6"", ""4"", ""9"", ""8"", ""119"", NA, NA, ""52"", NA, ""25"", NA, ""6"", ""1"", ""12"", ""44"", ""1–2"", ""1"", ""17"", NA, ""1"", ""47"", ""6"", ""1"", ""7635"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""4""), key = c(""pone.0278495.ref001"", ""pone.0278495.ref002"", ""pone.0278495.ref003"", ""pone.0278495.ref004"", ""pone.0278495.ref005"", 
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""10.1093/jac/44.suppl_2.3"", ""10.1146/annurev.med.51.1.407"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01217.x"", ""10.1002/9780470376812.ch2c"", ""10.1016/S0065-3527(08)00403-X"", ""10.1007/82_2014_395"", ""10.1093/cid/ciq012"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.05.031"", ""10.1101/cshperspect.a038695"", ""10.1007/s13238-010-0059-1"", NA, ""10.1017/S146625231000006X"", ""10.1080/01652176.2006.9695207"", ""10.1093/tas/txx005"", ""10.1136/vr.135.9.199"", ""10.3201/eid1312.061323"", ""10.1086/498977"", NA, ""10.1016/j.tim.2014.12.002"", ""10.1128/JVI.00459-15"", 
""10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198118"", ""10.3389/fvets.2020.00647"", ""10.1002/9781118924341.ch19"", ""10.1111/j.1600-065X.2010.00974.x"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0210700"", ""10.1017/S1466252312000175"", ""10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01382.x"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-42-120"", ""10.1086/524988"", ""10.1128/mSphere.01170-20"", ""10.1111/tbed.12260"", NA, ""10.1016/j.virusres.2010.07.022"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.03.019"", NA, ""10.3201/eid1906.121637"", ""10.1089/vbz.2006.6.338"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0202493"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0106177"", 
""10.1098/rsif.2016.0138"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.12.013"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1021/j100540a008"", NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0067293"", ""10.1093/cid/ciq030"", ""10.3201/eid1812.121097"", ""10.12988/ams.2013.13193"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.12.039"", NA, ""10.1128/JVI.01038-13"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.08.045"", ""10.1371/journal.pmed.0040218"", ""10.1016/j.mbs.2004.05.001"", ""10.1136/bmj.39393.510347.BE"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.3382/ps.2008-00335""), article.title = c(""Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses"", 
""Epidemiology and pathogenesis of influenza"", ""Global epidemiology of influenza: past and present."", ""The role of swine in the generation of novel influenza viruses."", NA, ""Swine influenza viruses: a North American perspective."", ""Influenza A virus reassortment."", ""Estimating the burden of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in the United States (April 2009–April 2010)."", ""The 2009 A (H1N1) influenza virus pandemic: A review."", ""The 1918 influenza pandemic and its legacy."", ""Crystal structure of the swine-origin A (H1N1)-2009 influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) reveals similar antigenicity to that of the 1918 pandemic virus."", 
""The epidemiology of swine influenza."", ""Swine influenza vaccines: current status and future perspectives."", ""An overview of swine influenza."", ""Impact of health challenges on pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, and net returns under commercial conditions"", ""Effect of sequential porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and swine influenza on the growth and performance of finishing pigs"", ""Swine workers and swine influenza virus infections"", ""Are swine workers in the United States at increased risk of infection with zoonotic influenza virus?"", 
""Evidence of influenza A infection and risk of transmission between pigs and farmworkers."", ""Reverse zoonosis of influenza to swine: new perspectives on the human–animal interface"", ""Continual reintroduction of human pandemic H1N1 influenza A viruses into swine in the United States, 2009 to 2014"", ""Swine influenza virus: Current status and challenge"", ""Influenza A virus in swine: epidemiology, challenges and vaccination strategies"", ""Vaccines and vaccination for swine influenza: Differing situations in Europe and the USA."", 
""Influenza vaccine immunology"", ""Effect of strain-specific maternally-derived antibodies on influenza A virus infection dynamics in nursery pigs."", ""Vaccine development for protecting swine against influenza virus"", ""Influenza virus: immunity and vaccination strategies. Comparison of the immune response to inactivated and live, attenuated influenza vaccines"", ""Vaccination of influenza a virus decreases transmission rates in pigs"", ""Swine influenza virus: zoonotic potential and vaccination strategies for the control of avian and swine influenzas"", 
""Influenza Vaccination of Swine Reduces Public Health Risk at the Swine-Human Interface."", ""One‐Health Simulation Modelling: Assessment of Control Strategies Against the Spread of Influenza between Swine and Human Populations Using NAADSM."", ""Evaluation of an air-filtration system for preventing aerosol transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", ""Use of a production region model to assess the efficacy of various air filtration systems for preventing airborne transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: Results from a 2-year study"", 
""Evaluation of alternative strategies to MERV 16-based air filtration systems for reduction of the risk of airborne spread of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", ""Further evaluation of alternative air-filtration systems for reducing the transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by aerosol"", ""Active surveillance for influenza A virus among swine, midwestern United States, 2009–2011"", ""Confined animal feeding operations as amplifiers of influenza."", ""An SEIR model of influenza A virus infection and reinfection within a farrow-to-finish swine farm."", 
""Mathematical modeling of influenza A virus dynamics within swine farms and the effects of vaccination."", ""High turnover drives prolonged persistence of influenza in managed pig herds"", ""Influenza A virus in swine breeding herds: Combination of vaccination and biosecurity practices can reduce likelihood of endemic piglet reservoir."", NA, ""The changing economics of US hog production"", ""Swine influenza virus vaccines: to change or not to change-that’s the question"", ""Exact stochastic simulation of coupled chemical reactions"", 
NA, ""Indirect transmission of influenza A virus between pig populations under two different biosecurity settings."", ""Swine outbreak of pandemic influenza A virus on a Canadian research farm supports human-to-swine transmission"", ""Outbreak of influenza A (H3N2) variant virus infection among attendees of an agricultural fair, Pennsylvania, USA, 2011."", ""Modeling the geographical spread of influenza A (H1N1): The case of Mexico."", ""Efficacy of commercial swine influenza vaccines against challenge with a recent European H1N1 field isolate"", 
""In vivo evaluation of vaccine efficacy against challenge with a contemporary field isolate from the α cluster of H1N1 swine influenza virus"", ""Efficacy in pigs of inactivated and live attenuated influenza virus vaccines against infection and transmission of an emerging H3N2 similar to the 2011–2012 H3N2v"", NA, ""Modelling infectious diseases with herd immunity in a randomly mixed population"", ""Distinguishing vaccine efficacy and effectiveness"", ""Optimizing the dose of pre-pandemic influenza vaccines to reduce the infection attack rate."", 
""Stochastic multitype epidemics in a community of households: estimation and form of optimal vaccination schemes"", ""Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses: systematic review"", NA, NA, ""Package tidyverse."", NA, ""Facing pandemic influenza threats: the importance of including poultry and swine workers in preparedness plans""), volume = c(""56"", ""44"", ""51"", ""56"", NA, ""72"", NA, ""52"", ""28"", ""10"", ""1"", ""1"", ""11"", ""28"", ""2"", ""135"", ""13"", ""42"", NA, ""23"", ""89"", ""288"", 
""7"", NA, ""239"", ""14"", ""13"", ""59"", ""42"", ""197"", ""6"", ""63"", ""69"", ""154"", ""138"", ""70"", ""19"", ""6"", ""13"", ""9"", ""13"", ""138"", NA, NA, ""370"", ""81"", NA, ""8"", ""52"", ""18"", ""7"", ""144"", ""77"", ""87"", NA, ""11"", ""30"", ""4"", ""191"", ""336"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""88""), author = c(""RG Webster"", ""MC Zambon"", ""NJ Cox"", ""W Ma"", ""CW Olsen"", ""AL Vincent"", ""J Steel"", ""SS Shrestha"", ""MP Girard"", ""JK Taubenberger"", ""W Zhang"", ""Y Li"", ""W Ma"", ""H Kothalawala"", ""A Cornelison"", ""R Kay"", ""GC Gray"", ""KP Myers"", ""G Lopez‐Moreno"", ""MI Nelson"", 
""MI Nelson"", ""W. Ma"", ""JC Mancera Gracia"", ""KV Reeth"", ""PR Dormitzer"", ""FO Chamba Pardo"", ""Q Chen"", ""R Cox"", ""A Romagosa"", ""E Thacker"", ""JN Lorbach"", ""S Dorjee"", ""S Dee"", ""S Dee"", ""S Dee"", ""SA Dee"", ""CA Corzo"", ""RA Saenz"", ""F Etbaigha"", ""JJ Reynolds"", ""VE Pitzer"", ""L White"", ""WD McBride"", ""N Key"", ""K Van Reeth"", ""DT Gillespie"", ""E. Renshaw"", ""MW Allerson"", ""SE Forgie"", ""KK Wong"", ""RA Barrio"", ""C Kyriakis"", ""SE Detmer"", ""CL Loving"", ""E Vynnycky"", ""KB Law"", ""E Shim"", ""S Riley"", ""F Ball"", ""T Jefferson"", 
""U EPA"", ""Team RC"", ""H Wickham"", ""USDA"", ""G Gray""), year = c(""1992"", ""1999"", ""2000"", ""2009"", ""2002"", ""2008"", ""2014"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2020"", ""2010"", ""2021"", ""2010"", ""2006"", ""2018"", ""1994"", ""2007"", ""2006"", ""2022"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2020"", ""2020"", ""2016"", ""2011"", ""2019"", ""2012"", ""2004"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2021"", ""2016"", ""2005"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2006"", ""2013"", ""2006"", ""2018"", ""2014"", ""2016"", ""2017"", ""2013"", ""2007"", ""2013"", ""1977"", ""1993"", ""2013"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2010"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2010"", 
""2021"", ""2012"", ""2007"", ""2004"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""2021"", ""2017"", ""2022"", ""2009""), journal.title = c(""Microbiological reviews"", ""Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"", ""Annual review of medicine."", ""Zoonoses and public health."", NA, ""Advances in virus research"", ""Influenza Pathogenesis and Control-Volume I."", ""Clinical Infectious Diseases"", ""Vaccine"", ""Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine."", ""Protein & cell."", ""Animal Diseases"", ""Animal health research reviews."", ""Veterinary quarterly."", ""Translational Animal Science"", 
""The Veterinary record"", ""Emerging infectious diseases"", ""Clinical infectious diseases"", ""Zoonoses and Public Health."", ""Trends in microbiology"", ""Journal of virology"", ""Virus research"", ""Frontiers in Veterinary Science"", ""Animal Influenza."", ""Immunological reviews"", ""PLoS One."", ""Animal health research reviews"", ""Scandinavian journal of immunology"", ""Veterinary research"", ""The Journal of infectious diseases"", ""Msphere"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases."", ""Canadian journal of veterinary research"", 
""Virus research"", ""Veterinary microbiology"", ""Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Emerging infectious diseases"", ""Vector-Borne & Zoonotic Diseases."", ""PLOS one."", ""PloS one"", ""Journal of The Royal Society Interface"", ""Preventive veterinary medicine."", ""US hog production from 1992 to 2009: technology, restructuring, and productivity growth."", ""USDA-ERS Economic Research Report"", ""Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"", ""The journal of physical chemistry"", NA, ""PLoS One"", ""Clinical Infectious Diseases"", 
""Emerging infectious diseases"", ""Applied Mathematical Sciences"", ""Veterinary microbiology"", ""Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Journal of virology"", NA, ""Scientific Reports"", ""Vaccine"", ""PLoS Medicine."", ""Mathematical biosciences"", ""Bmj"", ""Pandemic influenza preparedness and response guidance for healthcare workers and healthcare employers"", NA, ""Easily Install and Load the ‘Tidyverse"", NA, ""Poultry science""), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Trends in Emerging Viral Infections of Swine"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Modelling biological populations in space and time"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""An introduction to infectious disease modelling"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Influenza A Virus in Swine Surveillance Quarterly Report for Fiscal Year 2022, Quarter 1."", NA))",NA,"2023-05-04","en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/100008370"", name = ""National Pork Board"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", award = ""NFB#21-100"", id.id = ""10.13039/100008370"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = ""2023-05-04"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Kontowicz","2023","Kontowicz et al., 2023"
"Veterinary Research","2011-12-20","2024-04-16","2011-12","10.1186/1297-9716-42-120","2025-05-30","1297-9716","1","2011-12","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","58","58","67","Vaccination of influenza a virus decreases transmission rates in pigs","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-42-120","42","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Limited information is available on the transmission and spread of influenza virus in pig populations with differing immune statuses. In this study we assessed differences in transmission patterns and quantified the spread of a triple reassortant H1N1 influenza virus in naïve and vaccinated pig populations by estimating the reproduction ratio (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic>) of infection (i.e. the number of secondary infections caused by an infectious individual) using a deterministic Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) model, fitted on experimental data. One hundred and ten pigs were distributed in ten isolated rooms as follows: (i) non-vaccinated (NV), (ii) vaccinated with a heterologous vaccine (HE), and (iii) vaccinated with a homologous inactivated vaccine (HO). The study was run with multiple replicates and for each replicate, an infected non-vaccinated pig was placed with 10 contact pigs for two weeks and transmission of influenza evaluated daily by analyzing individual nasal swabs by RT-PCR. A statistically significant difference between<jats:italic>R</jats:italic>estimates was observed between vaccinated and non-vaccinated pigs (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt; 0.05). A statistically significant reduction in transmission was observed in the vaccinated groups where<jats:italic>R</jats:italic>(95%CI) was 1 (0.39-2.09) and 0 for the HE and the HO groups respectively, compared to an<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>o</jats:sub>value of 10.66 (6.57-16.46) in NV pigs (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt; 0.05). Transmission in the HE group was delayed and variable when compared to the NV group and transmission could not be detected in the HO group. Results from this study indicate that influenza vaccines can be used to decrease susceptibility to influenza infection and decrease influenza transmission.</jats:p>","Vet Res","list(given = c(""Anna"", ""Matt"", ""Marie"", ""Han Soo"", ""John"", ""Susan"", ""Montserrat""), family = c(""Romagosa"", ""Allerson"", ""Gramer"", ""Joo"", ""Deen"", ""Detmer"", ""Torremorell""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1297-9716-42-120.pdf"", content.type = ""application/pdf"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""116_CR1"", ""116_CR2"", ""116_CR3"", ""116_CR4"", ""116_CR5"", ""116_CR6"", ""116_CR7"", ""116_CR8"", ""116_CR9"", ""116_CR10"", ""116_CR11"", ""116_CR12"", ""116_CR13"", ""116_CR14"", ""116_CR15"", ""116_CR16"", ""116_CR17"", ""116_CR18"", ""116_CR19"", ""116_CR20"", ""116_CR21"", ""116_CR22"", ""116_CR23"", ""116_CR24"", ""116_CR25"", ""116_CR26"", ""116_CR27"", ""116_CR28"", ""116_CR29"", ""116_CR30"", ""116_CR31"", ""116_CR32"", ""116_CR33"", ""116_CR34"", ""116_CR35"", ""116_CR36"", ""116_CR37"", ""116_CR38"", ""116_CR39"", ""116_CR40"", ""116_CR41"", ""116_CR42"", 
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""Bouma A, De Jong MC, Kimman TG: Comparison of two pseudorabies virus vaccines that differ in capacity to reduce virus excretion after a challenge infection, in their capacity of reducing transmission of pseudorabies virus. Vet Microbiol. 1997, 54: 113-122. 10.1016/S0378-1135(96)01271-0."", ""Kyriakis CS, Gramer MR, Marbe F, Van Doorsselaere, Van Reeth K: Efficacy of commercial swine influenza vaccines against challenge with a recent European H1N1 field isolates. Vet Microbiol. 2010, 144: 67-74. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.12.039."", 
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""Haaheim LR, Schild GC: Antibodies to the strain-specific and cross-reactive determinants of the hemagglutinin of influenza H3N2 viruses. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B. 1980, 88: 335-340."", ""Bikour MG, Cornaglia EM, Elazhary YC: Comparative study of the immunostimulatory properties of different adjuvants administered with an inactivated influenza virus vaccine and evaluation of passive immunity in pigs. Immunol Infect Dis. 1994, 4: 400-407."", ""Webster RG, Thomas TL: Efficacy of equine influenza vaccines for protection against A/Equine/Jilin/89 (H3N8)-a new equine influenza virus. Vaccine. 1983, 11: 987-993."", 
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""Simon-Grife M, Martin-Valls GE, Vilar MJ, Busquets N, Mora-Salvatierra M, Bestebroer TM, Fouchier RA, Martin M, Mateu E, Casal J (2012) Swine influenza virus infection dynamics in two pig farms; results of a longitudinal assessment. Vet Res 43:24"", ""Hervé S, Garin E, Rose N, Marcé C, Simon G (2014) French network for the surveillance of influenza viruses in pigs (Résavip)—results of the first three years of operation. Bull Epidémiol Santé Anim Alim Anses-DGAl 63:10–14 (in French)"", ""Vincent A, Awada L, Brown I, Chen H, Claes F, Dauphin G, Donis R, Culhane M, Hamilton K, Lewis N, Mumford E, Nguyen T, Parchariyanon S, Pasick J, Pavade G, Pereda A, Peiris M, Saito T, Swenson S, Van Reeth K, Webby R, Wong F, Ciacci-Zanella J (2013) Review of influenza A virus in swine worldwide: a call for increased surveillance and research. Zoonoses Public Hlth 61:4–17"", 
""Romagosa A, Allerson M, Gramer M, Joo H, Deen J, Detmer S, Torremorell M (2011) Vaccination of influenza a virus decreases transmission rates in pigs. Vet Res 42:120"", ""Loving CL, Lager KM, Vincent AL, Brockmeier SL, Gauger PC, Anderson TK, Kitikoon P, Perez DR, Kehrli ME (2013) Efficacy in pigs of inactivated and live attenuated influenza virus vaccines against infection and transmission of an emerging H3N2 similar to the 2011–2012 H3N2v. J Virol 87:9895–9903"", ""Bosworth B, Erdman MM, Stine DL, Harris I, Irwin C, Jens M, Loynachan A, Kamrud K, Harris DL (2010) Replicon particle vaccine protects swine against influenza. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 33:e99–e103"", 
""Vincent AL, Ma W, Lager KM, Janke BH, Richt JA (2008) Chapter 3 Swine influenza viruses. A North American perspective, advances in virus research. Elsevier, p 127–154. https://www.ars.usda.gov/2009H1N1/pdfs/VincentAdVirResv72p127y08.pdf"", ""Salmon H, Berri M, Gerdts V, Meurens F (2009) Humoral and cellular factors of maternal immunity in swine. Dev Comp Immunol 33:384–393"", ""Renshaw HW (1975) Influence of antibody mediated immune suppression on clinical, viral, and immune responses to swine influenza infection. Am J Vet Res 36:5–13"", 
""Loeffen WLA, Heinen PP, Bianchi ATJ, Hunneman WA, Verheijden JHM (2003) Effect of maternally derived antibodies on the clinical signs and immune response in pigs after primary and secondary infection with an influenza H1N1 virus. Vet Immunol Immunop 92:23–35"", ""Allerson M, Deen J, Detmer SE, Gramer MR, Joo HS, Romagosa A, Torremorell M (2013) The impact of maternally derived immunity on influenza A virus transmission in neonatal pig populations. Vaccine 31:500–505"", ""Rajao DS, Sandbulte MR, Gauger PC, Kitikoon P, Platt R, Roth JA, Perez DR, Loving CL, Vincent AL (2016) Heterologous challenge in the presence of maternally-derived antibodies results in vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease in weaned piglets. Virology 491:79–88"", 
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""Lixoft, modelling and simulation for drug development. http://monolix.lixoft.com/ Accessed 16 Dec 2015"", ""Beauchemin CA, Handel A (2011) A review of mathematical models of influenza A infections within a host or cell culture: lessons learned and challenges ahead. BMC Public Health 11(Suppl 1):S7"", ""Baccam P, Beauchemin C, Macken CA, Hayden FG, Perelson AS (2006) Kinetics of influenza A virus infection in humans. J Virol 80:7590–7599"", ""Canini L, Carrat F (2011) Population modeling of influenza A/H1N1 virus kinetics and symptom dynamics. J Virol 85:2764–2770"", 
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""Andraud M, Grasland B, Durand B, Cariolet R, Jestin A, Madec F, Rose N (2008) Quantification of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) within- and between-pen transmission in pigs. Vet Res 39:43"", ""Markowska-Daniel I, Pomorska-Mól M, Pejsak Z (2011) The influence of age and maternal antibodies on the postvaccinal response against swine influenza viruses in pigs. Vet Immunol Immunop 142:81–86"", ""Vincent AL, Ma W, Lager KM, Richt JA, Janke BH, Sandbulte MR, Gauger PC, Loving CL, Webby RJ, García-Sastre A (2012) Live attenuated influenza vaccine provides superior protection from heterologous infection in pigs with maternal antibodies without inducing vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease. J Virol 86:10597–10605"", 
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""Corzo CA, Allerson M, Gramer M, Morrison RB, Torremorell M (2014) Detection of airborne influenza a virus in experimentally infected pigs with maternally derived antibodies. Transbound Emerg Dis 61:28–36"", ""Lange E, Kalthoff D, Blohm U, Teifke JP, Breithaupt A, Maresch C, Starick E, Fereidouni S, Hoffmann B, Mettenleiter TC, Beer M, Vahlenkamp TW (2009) Pathogenesis and transmission of the novel swine-origin influenza virus A/H1N1 after experimental infection of pigs. J Gen Virol 90:2119–2123""
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""Bamiro, O. M., Phillip, D. O. A. and Momoh S., 2006. Vertical Integration and technical efficiency in poultry (egg) industry in Ogun and Oyu States, Nigeria. International Journal of Poultry Sciences 5, 1164–1171."", ""Boender, G. J., Meester, R., Gies, E. and De Jong, M. C. M., 2007. The local threshold for geographical spread of infectious diseases between farms. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 82, 90–101."", ""Cattoli,G., Monne, I., Fusaro, A., Joannis, T. M., Lombin, L. H., et al.. 2009. Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 in Africa: a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis and molecular characterization of isolates. PLoS ONE 4(3): e4842. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004842"", 
""Ekong, P. S., Olugasa, B. O., Oyetunde, I. L., Waziri, N. E. and Joannis, T. M., 2007. Spatial distribution of primary outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Nigeria. Proceedings of the 13th International Congress in Animal Hygiene, Tartu, Estonia, 17–21 June, 2007. Volume 2. 2007. 740–743."", ""Erlander, S. and Stewart, N. F., 1990. The gravity model in transportation analysis—theory and extensions: topics in transportation. VSP, Utrecht."", ""Fasina, F. O., Sirdar, M. M. and Bisschop, S. P. R., 2008. The financial cost implications of the highly pathogenic notifiable avian influenza H5N1 in Nigeria. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 75, 39–46."", 
""Hosmer, D.W. and Lemeshow, S., 2000. Applied logistic regression. 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York"", ""Kim, J-K, Kayali, G., Walker, D., Forrest, H.L., Ellebedy, A.H., Griffin, Y.S., Rubrum, A., Bahgat, M.M., Kutkat, M.A., Ali, M.A.A., Aldridge, J.R., Negovetich, N.J., Krauss, S., Webby, R.J., and Webster, R.G. 2010. Puzzling inefficiency of H5N1 influenza vaccines in Egyptian poultry. PNAS 107: 11044–11049."", ""Matthews, L., Haydon, D. T., Shaw, D. J., Chase-Topping, M. E., Keeling, M. J. and Woolhouse, M. E. J., 2003. Neighborhood control policies and the spread of infectious disease. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B. 270, 1659–1666."", 
""Metropolis, N. and Ulam, S., 1949. The Monte Carlo method. Journal of the American Statsitical Association. 44, 335–341"", ""OIE (2008) Avian influenza in Nigeria: follow up report #6, OIE Reference 6800 (15/02/2008). See also http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/public.php . Accessed 10 June 2009."", ""Riley S., 2010. Coping without farm location data during a foot-and-mouth outbreak. PNAS 107(3), 957–958."", ""Rorres, C., Pelletier, S. T. K., Keeling M. J. and Smith, G., 2010. Estimating the kernel parameters of premises-based stochastic models of farmed animal infectious disease epidemics using limited, incomplete, or ongoing data. Theoretical Population Biology 78(1), 46–53."", 
""Rorres C., Pelletier S. T. K., Bruhn M. C. and Smith G. 2011. Ongoing estimation of the epidemic parameters of a stochastic, spatial, discrete-time model for a 1983–84 avian influenza epidemic. Avian Diseases 55, 35–42."", ""Smith, G. and Dunipace, S. 2011. How backyard poultry flocks influence the effort required to curtail avian influenza epidemics in commercial poultry flocks. Epidemics 3, 71–75."", ""Stegeman A.J., Bouma A., Elbers A.R.W., De Jong M.C.M., Nodelijk G., De Klerk F., Koch G., Van Boven M., 2004. Avian influenza A virus (H7N7) epidemic in The Netherlands in 2003: course of the epidemic and effectiveness of control measures, Journal of Infectious Diseases 190, 2088–2095."", 
""Tildesley, M. J., Savill, N. J., Shaw, D. J., Deardon, R., Brooks, S. P., Woolhouse, M. E. J., Grenfell, B. T. and Keeling. M. J., 2006. Optimal reactive vaccination strategies for a foot-and-mouth outbreak in the UK. Nature 440, 83–86."", ""Tildesley, M. J., House, T. A., Bruhn, M. C., Curry, R., O’Neil, M., Allpress, J. L. E., Smith, G. and Keeling, M. J. 2010. The impact of spatial clustering on disease transmission and optimal control. PNAS 107(3), 1041–1046."", ""Tildesley, M. J., Smith, G., and Keeling, M. J. 2011. Modeling the spread and control of foot-and-mouth disease in Pennsylvania following its discovery and options for control. Preventive Veterinary Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.11.007"", 
""Vu, T. 2009. The political economy of avian influenza response and control in Vietnam, STEPS Working Paper 19, Brighton: STEPS Centre."", ""Williams, R.A.J., Fasina, F. O. and Peterson, A,T., 2008. Predictable ecology and geography of avian influenza (H5N1) transmission in Nigeria and West Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 102, 471–479.""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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""World’s Poultry Science Journal"", NA, NA, NA, ""International Journal of Poultry Sciences"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""PLoS ONE"", NA, NA, ""Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"", NA, ""PNAS"", ""Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B"", NA, NA, ""PNAS"", ""Theoretical Population Biology"", ""Avian Diseases"", ""Epidemics"", ""Journal of Infectious Diseases"", ""Nature"", ""PNAS"", NA, NA, ""Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene""), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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""i0005-2086-55-1-35-Yoon1""), volume.title = c(""Comprehensive report on the 2004 outbreak of high pathogenicity avian influenza (H7N3) in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada"", NA, NA, NA, ""Proc"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(""2004"", NA, NA, NA, ""2007"", ""1984"", ""2009"", NA, NA, NA, ""1998"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1965"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2010"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA
), unstructured = c(NA, "".Questions and answers: new animal disease traceability framework .UDSA, APHIS, VS Fact Sheet February 2010."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""A Lasley, S. D Short, and W. L Henson Economic assessment of the 1983–84 avian influenza program .ERS Staff Report AGES841212. National Economics Division, Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.1985 ."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""C Power The source and means of spread of the avian influenza virus in the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia during an outbreak in the winter of 2004 .An Interim Report, February 15, 2005. Animal Disease Surveillance Unit Canadian Food Inspection Agency.2005 ."", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Avian Dis."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1637/9429-061710-Reg.1",NA,"en","NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Rorres,","2011","Rorres, et al., 2011"
"Epidemics","2011-02-19","2018-12-04","2011-06","10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003","2025-04-09","1755-4365","2","2011-06","78","61-70","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","14","14","10","Stochastic modeling of animal epidemics using data collected over three different spatial scales","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003","3",NA,"Epidemics","list(given = c(""Chris"", ""Sky T.K."", ""Gary""), family = c(""Rorres"", ""Pelletier"", ""Smith""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1755436511000077?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1755436511000077?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0005"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0010"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0015"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0020"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0025"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0030"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0035"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0040"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0045"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0050"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0055"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0060"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0065"", 
""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003_bb0070""), series.title = c(""Proceedings of the ESRI Health GIS Conference, October 7–10, 2007, Scottsdale AZ"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(""1"", ""430"", ""661"", ""297"", ""813"", ""136"", ""1195"", ""295"", ""176"", NA, ""323"", ""46"", ""83"", ""107""), article.title = c(""Generating realistic livestock and poultry operations to support development of infectious disease control strategies"", ""1983–1984 lethal avian influenza outbreak"", ""Power-law distributions in empirical data"", 
""A meeting with Enrico Fermi"", ""Dynamics of the 2001 UK foot and mouth epidemic: stochastic dispersal in a heterogeneous landscape"", ""Modeling vaccination strategies against foot and mouth disease"", ""Models of foot and mouth disease"", ""Networks and epidemic models"", ""The North American Animal Disease Spread Model: a simulation model to assist decision making in evaluating animal disease incursions"", NA, ""Power Laws, Pareto distributions and Zipf's law"", ""Estimating the kernel parameters of premises-based stochastic models of farmed animal infectious disease epidemics using limited, incomplete, or ongoing data"", 
""Optimal reactive vaccination strategies for a foot-and-mouth outbreak in the UK"", ""Modelling foot and mouth disease: a comparison between the UK and Denmark""), author = c(""Bruhn"", ""Buisch"", ""Clauset"", ""Dyson"", ""Keeling"", ""Keeling"", ""Keeling"", ""Keeling"", ""Harvey"", NA, ""Newman"", ""Rorres"", ""Tildesley"", ""Tildelsley""), year = c(""2007"", ""1984"", ""2009"", ""2004"", ""2001"", ""2003"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""2007"", NA, ""2005"", ""2010"", ""2006"", ""2008""), volume = c(NA, ""88"", ""51"", ""427"", ""294"", ""421"", ""272"", ""2"", ""82"", 
NA, ""46"", ""78"", ""440"", ""85""), journal.title = c(NA, ""Proc. US Anim. Health Assoc."", ""SIAM Rev."", ""Nature"", ""Science"", ""Nature"", ""Proc. R. Soc. B"", ""J. R. Soc. Interface"", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, ""Contemp. Phys."", ""Theor. Popul. Biol."", ""Nature"", ""Prev. Vet. Med.""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""), DOI = c(NA, NA, ""10.1137/070710111"", ""10.1038/427297a"", ""10.1126/science.1065973"", 
""10.1038/nature01343"", ""10.1098/rspb.2004.3046"", ""10.1098/rsif.2005.0051"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.05.019"", NA, ""10.1080/00107510500052444"", ""10.1016/j.tpb.2010.04.003"", ""10.1038/nature04324"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.01.008""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Neumann, J. von, 1955. Method in the Physical Sciences. In: Leary, L. (Ed.), The Unity of Knowledge, Doubleday, New York, pp. 157–164. Reprinted in: Bródy, F., Vámos,T. (Eds.), 1995. The Neumann CompendiumWorld Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., Singapore, p. 628."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA))","S1755436511000077",NA,"en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/100000057"", name = ""National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)"", doi.asserted.by = ""crossref"", award = ""5U01GM-076426"", id.id = ""10.13039/100000057"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""crossref"")","list(date = c(""2011-06-01"", ""2016-02-12""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 1717), URL = c(""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"", ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/""))",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Rorres","2011","Rorres et al., 2011"
"Scientific Reports","2021-12-17","2022-12-03",NA,"10.1038/s41598-021-03284-x","2025-04-25","2045-2322","1","2021-12-17","297",NA,"10.1038","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","36","36","12","Dynamics of inter-farm transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N6 integrating vehicle movements and phylogenetic information","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-03284-x","11","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in poultry holdings commonly spreads through animal trade, and poultry production and health-associated vehicle (PPHaV) movement. To effectively control the spread of disease, it is essential that the contact structure via those movements among farms is thoroughly explored. However, few attempts have been made to scrutinize PPHaV movement compared to poultry trade. Therefore, our study aimed to elucidate the role of PPHaV movement on HPAI transmission. We performed network analysis using PPHaV movement data based on a global positioning system, with phylogenetic information of the isolates during the 2016–2017 HPAI H5N6 epidemic in the Republic of Korea. Moreover, the contribution of PPHaV movement to the spread of HPAI was estimated by Bayesian modeling. The network analysis revealed that there was the relationship between phylogenetic clusters and the contact network via PPHaV movement. Furthermore, the similarity of farm poultry species and the shared integrators between inter-linked infected premises (IPs) were associated with ties within the same phylogenetic clusters. Additionally, PPHaV movement among phylogenetically clustered IPs was estimated to contribute to approximately 30% of HPAI H5N6 infections in IPs on average. This study provides insight into how HPAI spread via PPHaV movement and scientific basis for control strategies.</jats:p>","Sci Rep","list(given = c(""Dae-Sung"", ""Byung chul"", ""Younjung"", ""Kwang-Nyeong"", ""Oun-Kyoung""), family = c(""Yoo"", ""Chun"", ""Kim"", ""Lee"", ""Moon""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-03284-x.pdf"", ""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-03284-x"", ""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-03284-x.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""text/html"", ""application/pdf""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""3284_CR1"", ""3284_CR2"", ""3284_CR3"", ""3284_CR4"", ""3284_CR5"", ""3284_CR6"", ""3284_CR7"", ""3284_CR8"", ""3284_CR9"", ""3284_CR10"", ""3284_CR11"", ""3284_CR12"", ""3284_CR13"", ""3284_CR14"", ""3284_CR15"", ""3284_CR16"", ""3284_CR17"", ""3284_CR18"", ""3284_CR19"", ""3284_CR20"", ""3284_CR21"", ""3284_CR22"", ""3284_CR23"", ""3284_CR24"", ""3284_CR25"", ""3284_CR26"", ""3284_CR27"", ""3284_CR28"", ""3284_CR29"", ""3284_CR30"", ""3284_CR31"", ""3284_CR32"", ""3284_CR33"", ""3284_CR34"", ""3284_CR35"", ""3284_CR36""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", 
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""12"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1548"", ""2825"", NA, NA, ""651"", NA, ""1"", NA, ""669"", ""1309""), DOI = c(""10.3389/fvets.2018.00084"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0207076"", ""10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2013.11.009"", ""10.1111/tbed.12972"", ""10.3201/eid2603.190412"", ""10.16879/jkca.2019.19.1.069"", ""10.1016/j.meegid.2017.03.005"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.1002094"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.11.007"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.001"", NA, ""10.1016/j.virol.2017.08.035"", ""10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.1.30434"", ""10.1186/s13567-014-0093-8"", 
NA, ""10.1002/9781118924341.ch2"", ""10.1021/es1016153"", ""10.1002/9781118924341"", ""10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026126"", ""10.1186/s12917-018-1331-5"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0028322"", NA, ""10.1098/rsif.2016.0166"", NA, ""10.18637/jss.v024.i01"", ""10.1073/pnas.1008895108"", ""10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000683"", ""10.1371/journal.pntd.0006453"", ""10.1214/06-BA122"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1098/rsif.2006.0129"", ""10.1111/2041-210X.12772""), volume = c(""5"", ""13"", ""118"", ""65"", ""26"", NA, ""51"", ""7"", NA, NA, ""98"", ""69"", NA, ""512"", NA, ""45"", 
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), year = c(""2018"", ""2018"", ""2014"", ""2018"", ""2020"", NA, ""2017"", ""2011"", NA, NA, ""2011"", ""2005"", NA, ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2014"", NA, ""2016"", ""2010"", ""2016"", ""2003"", ""2018"", ""2011"", ""2018"", ""2016"", NA, ""2008"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2018"", ""2006"", ""2013"", ""2006"", NA, ""2006"", ""2017""), unstructured = c(""Dhingra, M. S. et al. Geographical and historical patterns in the emergences of novel highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 and H7 viruses in poultry. Front. Vet. Sci. 5, 84. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00084 (2018)."", 
""Hagenaars, T. J., Boender, G. J., Bergevoet, R. H. M. & van Roermund, H. J. W. Risk of poultry compartments for transmission of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza. PLoS ONE 13, e0207076. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207076 (2018)."", ""Lee, H.-J. et al. Prediction of the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza using a multifactor network: Part 2 – Comprehensive network analysis with direct/indirect infection route. Biosys. Eng. 118, 115–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2013.11.009 (2014)."", 
""Sun, X. et al. Social network analysis for poultry HPAI transmission. Transbound. Emerg. Dis. 65, 1909–1919. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12972 (2018)."", ""Guinat, C. et al. Role of live-duck movement networks in transmission of avian influenza, France, 2016–2017. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 26, 472–480. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2603.190412 (2020)."", ""Jeong, M., Jang, I.-H. & Choe, Y. Network Analysis of Swine Farms and Slaughters: Based on Automobile GPS Data. (2019)."", ""Lee, E. K. et al. Multiple novel H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, South Korea, 2016. Infect. Genet. Evol. 51, 21–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2017.03.005 (2017)."", 
""Bataille, A., van der Meer, F., Stegeman, A. & Koch, G. Evolutionary analysis of inter-farm transmission dynamics in a highly pathogenic avian influenza epidemic. PLoS Pathog. 7, e1002094. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002094 (2011)."", ""Seo, J. in Korean poultry journal Vol. November 120–122 (Korean poultry association, 2013)."", ""Agency, A. a. P. Q. (ed Veterinary epidemiology) 31 (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs 2018)."", ""Fasina, F. O., Rivas, A. L., Bisschop, S. P., Stegeman, A. J. & Hernandez, J. A. Identification of risk factors associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus infection in poultry farms, in Nigeria during the epidemic of 2006–2007. Prev. Vet. Med. 98, 204–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.11.007 (2011)."", 
""Thomas, M. E. et al. Risk factors for the introduction of high pathogenicity Avian Influenza virus into poultry farms during the epidemic in the Netherlands in 2003. Prev. Vet. Med. 69, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.001 (2005)."", ""821–843 (World Organisation for Animal Health Organization, World Organisation for Animal Health, 2018)."", ""Takemae, N. et al. Five distinct reassortants of H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses affected Japan during the winter of 2016–2017. Virology 512, 8–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2017.08.035 (2017)."", 
""Si, Y. J. et al. Genetic characterisation of novel, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N6 viruses isolated in birds, South Korea, November 2016. Euro Surveill. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.1.30434 (2017)."", ""Guinat, C. et al. Dynamics of African swine fever virus shedding and excretion in domestic pigs infected by intramuscular inoculation and contact transmission. Vet. Res. 45, 93. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-014-0093-8 (2014)."", ""Agency, A. a. P. Q. 42–43 (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs 2018)."", 
""Spackman, E., Cattoli, G. & Suarez, D. L. Diagnostics and surveillance methods. Animal Influenza 30, 31 (2016)."", ""Wood, J. P., Choi, Y. W., Chappie, D. J., Rogers, J. V. & Kaye, J. Z. Environmental persistence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44, 7515–7520 (2010)."", ""Swayne, D. E. Animal influenza (John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, 2016)."", ""Newman, M. E. Mixing patterns in networks. Phys. Rev. E 67, 026126 (2003)."", ""Moyen, N. et al. A large-scale study of a poultry trading network in Bangladesh: implications for control and surveillance of avian influenza viruses. BMC Vet. Res. 14, 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-018-1331-5 (2018)."", 
""Hao, D. & Li, C. The dichotomy in degree correlation of biological networks. PLoS ONE 6, e28322. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028322 (2011)."", ""Borgatti, S. P., Everett, M. G. & Johnson, J. C. Analyzing social networks (Sage, Thousand Oaks, 2018)."", ""VanderWaal, K., Enns, E. A., Picasso, C., Packer, C. & Craft, M. E. Evaluating empirical contact networks as potential transmission pathways for infectious diseases. J. R. Soc. Interface https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0166 (2016)."", ""Butts C. T. sna: Tools for Social Network Analysis. R package version 2.4, https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=sna (2016)."", 
""Handcock, M. S., Hunter, D. R., Butts, C. T., Goodreau, S. M. & Morris, M. statnet: Software tools for the representation, visualization, analysis and simulation of network data. J. Stat. Softw. 24, 1548 (2008)."", ""Cauchemez, S. et al. Role of social networks in shaping disease transmission during a community outbreak of 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 108, 2825–2830. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1008895108 (2011)."", ""Walker, P. G. T. et al. A Bayesian approach to quantifying the effects of mass poultry vaccination upon the spatial and temporal dynamics of H5N1 in Northern Vietnam. PLoS Comput. Biol. 6, e1000683. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000683 (2010)."", 
""Chapman, L. A. C. et al. The role of case proximity in transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in a highly endemic village in Bangladesh. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 12, e0006453. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006453 (2018)."", ""Celeux, G., Forbes, F., Robert, C. P. & Titterington, D. M. Deviance information criteria for missing data models. Bayesian Anal. 1, 651–673. https://doi.org/10.1214/06-BA122 (2006)."", ""Lusher, D., Koskinen, J. & Robins, G. Exponential random graph models for social networks: theory, methods, and applications Vol. 35 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2013)."", 
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""Farine, D. R. A guide to null models for animal social network analysis. Methods Ecol. Evol. 8, 1309–1320 (2017).""), journal.title = c(""Front. Vet. Sci."", ""PLoS ONE"", ""Biosys. Eng."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", NA, ""Infect. Genet. Evol."", ""PLoS Pathog."", NA, NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, ""Virology"", ""Euro Surveill."", ""Vet. Res."", NA, ""Animal Influenza"", ""Environ. Sci. Technol."", NA, ""Phys. Rev. E"", ""BMC Vet. Res."", ""PLoS ONE"", NA, ""J. R. Soc. Interface"", NA, 
""J. Stat. Softw."", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."", ""PLoS Comput. Biol."", ""PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."", ""Bayesian Anal."", NA, ""InterJournal Complex Syst."", NA, ""J. R. Soc. Interface"", ""Methods Ecol. Evol.""), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Animal influenza"", NA, NA, NA, ""Analyzing social networks"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Exponential random graph models for social networks: theory, methods, and applications"", NA, NA, NA, NA))","3284","2021-12-17","en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/501100003668"", name = ""Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", award = ""319079-2"", id.id = ""10.13039/501100003668"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = c(""2021-12-17"", ""2021-12-17""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"", ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0""))","https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy","list(value = c(""29 May 2021"", ""30 November 2021"", ""17 December 2021"", ""The authors declare no competing interests.""), order = c(1, 2, 3, 1), name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""first_online"", ""Ethics""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""First Online"", NA), group.name = c(""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""EthicsHeading""), group.label = c(""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Competing interests""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Yoo","2021","Yoo et al., 2021"
"Journal of Inverse and Ill-Posed Problems","2013-02-05","2023-04-04","2014-02-01","10.1515/jip-2012-0097","2023-11-21","0928-0219,1569-3945","1","2013-02-06","374","31-62","10.1515","Walter de Gruyter GmbH","1","Crossref","0","0","3","Estimating time-dependent transmission rate of avian influenza via stable numerical algorithm","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1515/jip-2012-0097","22","<jats:title>Abstract.</jats:title>
               <jats:p>One of the main challenges in mathematical modeling of infectious diseases is to estimate the model parameters realistically. It is crucial to have accurate parameters in order to analyze the control strategies and to predict the outcome of the disease.
In particular, the transmission rate of infectious diseases is very difficult to estimate. In this paper, we propose a numerical algorithm for estimating the transmission rate of avian influenza. We address the question of calculating the time-dependent bird-to-human transmission rate of the disease using cumulative
number of infected H5N1 human cases and the number of infected poultry. A new regularization algorithm for solving this problem numerically is proposed. Theoretical analysis of the inversion procedure is accompanied by numerical experiments on simulated and real data. The qualitative and quantitative study of the computed solutions indicates that for real data, our numerical results capture a number of important properties that the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) transmission rate does, indeed, exhibit. The simulation study shows that the method introduced in this paper performs satisfactorily.</jats:p>",NA,"list(given = c(""Alexandra"", ""Necibe""), family = c(""Smirnova"", ""Tuncer""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA"", ""Department of Mathematics, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA""))","list(URL = c(""https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jip-2012-0097/xml"", ""https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jip-2012-0097/pdf""), content.type = c(""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","NULL","10.1515/jip-2012-0097","2013-02-06","en","list(name = c(""NSF"", ""NSF""), award = c(""DMS-1112897"", ""DMS-1220342""))","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Smirnova","2013","Smirnova et al., 2013"
"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C: Applied Statistics","2021-08-11","2023-02-13","2021-11-01","10.1111/rssc.12515","2025-02-21","0035-9254,1467-9876","5","2021-11-01","286","1323-1343","10.1093","Oxford University Press (OUP)","1","Crossref","26","26","4","A Bayesian Nonparametric Analysis of the 2003 Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in the Netherlands","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/rssc.12515","70","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
               <jats:p>Infectious diseases on farms pose both public and animal health risks, so understanding how they spread between farms is crucial for developing disease control strategies to prevent future outbreaks. We develop novel Bayesian nonparametric methodology to fit spatial stochastic transmission models in which the infection rate between any two farms is a function that depends on the distance between them, but without assuming a specified parametric form. Making nonparametric inference in this context is challenging since the likelihood function of the observed data is intractable because the underlying transmission process is unobserved. We adopt a fully Bayesian approach by assigning a transformed Gaussian process prior distribution to the infection rate function, and then develop an efficient data augmentation Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to perform Bayesian inference. We use the posterior predictive distribution to simulate the effect of different disease control methods and their economic impact. We analyse a large outbreak of avian influenza in the Netherlands and infer the between-farm infection rate, as well as the unknown infection status of farms which were pre-emptively culled. We use our results to analyse ring-culling strategies, and conclude that although effective, ring-culling has limited impact in high-density areas.</jats:p>",NA,"list(given = c(""Rowland G."", ""Theodore"", ""Philip D."", ""Thomas J.""), family = c(""Seymour"", ""Kypraios"", ""O’Neill"", ""Hagenaars""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK"", ""School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK"", ""School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK"", ""Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR) , Lelystad , The Netherlands""
))","list(URL = c(""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/rssc.12515"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/rssc.12515"", ""https://academic.oup.com/jrsssc/article-pdf/70/5/1323/49166859/rssc_70_5_1323.pdf"", ""https://academic.oup.com/jrsssc/article-pdf/70/5/1323/49166859/rssc_70_5_1323.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", 
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""A framework for evaluating approximation methods for Gaussian process regression"", ""Sparse online Gaussian processes"", ""Avian influenza (AI) in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany – chronology of main events and list of decisions adopted by the commission"", ""The highly pathogenic avian influenza Α (H7N7) virus epidemic in the Netherlands in 2003-lessons learned from the first five outbreaks"", ""Avian influenza a virus (H7N7) associated with human conjunctivitis and a fatal case of acute respiratory distress syndrome"", 
""Quantification of the effect of vaccination on transmission of avian influenza (H7N7) in chickens"", ""Gaussian processes for big data"", ""Bayesian analysis for emerging infectious diseases"", ""Transmission of H7N7 avian influenza a virus to human beings during a large outbreak in commercial poultry farms in the Netherlands"", ""Regression and classification using Gaussian process priors"", ""Bayesian inference for partially observed stochastic epidemics"", ""A unifying view of sparse approximate Gaussian process regression"", 
NA, NA, ""Bayesian measures of model complexity and fit"", ""Avian influenza a virus (H7N7) epidemic in the Netherlands in 2003: Course of the epidemic and effectiveness of control measures"", NA, ""Unravelling transmission trees of infectious diseases by combining genetic and epidemiological data"", ""Inconsistent estimation and asymptotically equal interpolations in model-based geostatistics""), volume = c(NA, ""121"", NA, ""7"", ""88"", NA, ""3"", ""14"", ""14"", NA, ""48"", ""101"", ""102"", NA, ""4"", ""363"", NA, ""162"", 
""6"", NA, NA, ""64"", ""190"", NA, ""279"", ""99""), journal.title = c(NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", NA, ""PLoS Pathogens"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", NA, ""PLoS Computational Biology"", ""Journal of Machine Learning Research"", ""Neural Computation"", NA, ""Avian Diseases"", ""Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"", ""Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"", NA, ""Bayesian Analysis"", ""The Lancet"", NA, ""Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A"", ""Journal of Machine Learning Research"", 
NA, NA, ""Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B"", ""The Journal of Infectious Diseases"", NA, ""Proceedings of the Royal Society B"", ""Journal of the American Statistical Association""), edition = c(NA, NA, ""2nd edn"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2021-11-17","en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/501100000266"", name = ""Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", award = ""EP/N50970X/1"", id.id = ""10.13039/501100000266"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = ""2023-02-13"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 469, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Seymour","2021","Seymour et al., 2021"
"Veterinary Research","2023-10-18","2023-11-21",NA,"10.1186/s13567-023-01219-0","2025-05-24","1297-9716","1","2023-10-18","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","142","142","14","A systematic review of mechanistic models used to study avian influenza virus transmission and control","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-023-01219-0","54","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The global spread of avian influenza A viruses in domestic birds is causing increasing socioeconomic devastation. Various mechanistic models have been developed to better understand avian influenza transmission and evaluate the effectiveness of control measures in mitigating the socioeconomic losses caused by these viruses. However, the results of models of avian influenza transmission and control have not yet been subject to a comprehensive review. Such a review could help inform policy makers and guide future modeling work. To help fill this gap, we conducted a systematic review of the mechanistic models that have been applied to field outbreaks. Our three objectives were to: (1) describe the type of models and their epidemiological context, (2) list estimates of commonly used parameters of low pathogenicity and highly pathogenic avian influenza transmission, and (3) review the characteristics of avian influenza transmission and the efficacy of control strategies according to the mechanistic models. We reviewed a total of 46 articles. Of these, 26 articles estimated parameters by fitting the model to data, one evaluated the effectiveness of control strategies, and 19 did both. Values of the between-individual reproduction number ranged widely: from 2.18 to 86 for highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, and from 4.7 to 45.9 for low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses, depending on epidemiological settings, virus subtypes and host species. Other parameters, such as the durations of the latent and infectious periods, were often taken from the literature, limiting the models’ potential insights. Concerning control strategies, many models evaluated culling (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 15), while vaccination received less attention (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 6). According to the articles reviewed, optimal control strategies varied between virus subtypes and local conditions, and depended on the overall objective of the intervention. For instance, vaccination was optimal when the objective was to limit the overall number of culled flocks. In contrast, pre-emptive culling was preferred for reducing the size and duration of an epidemic. Early implementation consistently improved the overall efficacy of interventions, highlighting the need for effective surveillance and epidemic preparedness.</jats:p>","Vet Res","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6901-373X"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""Sébastien"", ""Billy"", ""Amélie"", ""Benoit"", ""Timothée"", ""Mathilde C.""), family = c(""Lambert"", ""Bauzile"", ""Mugnier"", ""Durand"", ""Vergne"", ""Paul""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13567-023-01219-0.pdf"", ""https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13567-023-01219-0/fulltext.html"", ""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13567-023-01219-0.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""text/html"", ""application/pdf""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""1219_CR1"", ""1219_CR2"", ""1219_CR3"", ""1219_CR4"", ""1219_CR5"", ""1219_CR6"", ""1219_CR7"", ""1219_CR8"", ""1219_CR9"", ""1219_CR10"", ""1219_CR11"", ""1219_CR12"", ""1219_CR13"", ""1219_CR14"", ""1219_CR15"", ""1219_CR16"", ""1219_CR17"", ""1219_CR18"", ""1219_CR19"", ""1219_CR20"", ""1219_CR21"", ""1219_CR22"", ""1219_CR23"", ""1219_CR24"", ""1219_CR25"", ""1219_CR26"", ""1219_CR27"", ""1219_CR28"", ""1219_CR29"", ""1219_CR30"", ""1219_CR31"", ""1219_CR32"", ""1219_CR33"", ""1219_CR34"", ""1219_CR35"", ""1219_CR36"", ""1219_CR37"", ""1219_CR38"", ""1219_CR39"", 
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NA, ""81"", ""757"", ""8318"", ""53"", ""e27"", ""171""), DOI = c(""10.1126/science.1122438"", ""10.4161/viru.25710"", ""10.1098/rstb.2018.0257"", ""10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30323-7"", ""10.1126/science.abg6302"", ""10.1126/science.abo1232"", NA, ""10.1128/mbio.00609-22"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7597"", ""10.1038/d41586-022-01338-2"", ""10.1002/jwmg.22171"", ""10.1126/science.adg2271"", NA, ""10.1007/s10393-013-0861-3"", ""10.7774/cevr.2018.7.1.1"", ""10.1126/science.adc9450"", NA, ""10.2903/j.efsa.2021.7108"", ""10.1126/science.1065973"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.11.023"", 
""10.3389/fvets.2019.00248"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.05.012"", ""10.1637/8821-040209-Review.1"", ""10.2217/fmb.13.81"", ""10.3390/v11090812"", ""10.1007/s10393-017-1244-y"", ""10.1016/j.sste.2012.01.002"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.06.008"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0014582"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0230567"", ""10.2903/sp.efsa.2017.EN-1285"", ""10.1111/tbed.14675"", ""10.1136/bmj.n71"", NA, ""10.1086/522007"", ""10.1098/rsif.2012.0022"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.01.021"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.09.014"", ""10.1080/02664763.2020.1716696"", 
""10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000683"", ""10.1038/s41598-017-06244-6"", ""10.1186/1471-2334-10-236"", ""10.3389/fvets.2021.597630"", ""10.1515/jip-2012-0097"", ""10.1142/S0218339013400044"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2017.02.007"", ""10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006439"", ""10.1111/tbed.12692"", ""10.1038/srep02175"", ""10.1007/s11250-012-0124-2"", ""10.1111/tbed.12003"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268808000885"", ""10.1637/9429-061710-Reg.1"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2011.02.003"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0204262"", ""10.1017/S0950268819000633"", ""10.1016/j.idm.2018.03.004"", 
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""10.1038/s41598-021-81254-z"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.06.010"", ""10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.7.30462"", ""10.3934/mbe.2019170"", ""10.1016/j.envres.2020.110465"", ""10.1093/infdis/jis757"", ""10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.26.1700791"", NA, NA, ""10.1186/s12916-019-1403-9"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2017.02.014"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7289"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7415"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8039"", ""10.1515/9781400841035"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.biocon.2010.01.019"", ""10.1111/j.1467-8276.2007.01025.x"", ""10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01323.x"", 
""10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006202"", ""10.3389/fvets.2020.546651"", ""10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02144-9"", NA, ""10.1016/j.virol.2006.01.044"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2005.07.011"", ""10.1128/JVI.79.6.3692-3702.2005"", ""10.1080/03079450600597956"", ""10.1038/nature02746"", ""10.1080/03079450410001724085"", ""10.1186/s12917-016-0890-6"", NA, ""10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.844"", ""10.1080/03079450601161406"", ""10.1080/03079458608436328"", NA, ""10.3201/eid2102.141268"", ""10.1038/s41426-018-0130-1"", ""10.4142/jvs.2015.16.2.237"", ""10.1111/1348-0421.12369"", 
""10.1080/03079457.2016.1142502"", ""10.1637/10921-081914-Case"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2016.04.019"", ""10.1292/jvms.15-0324"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.011"", ""10.1128/JVI.01693-16"", ""10.3382/ps/pew028"", ""10.1637/11126-050615-Reg.1"", ""10.1637/11179-052015-ResNoteR"", ""10.3390/v13030489"", ""10.1073/pnas.0505098102"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.1000281"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.02.085"", ""10.1017/S0950268803001067"", ""10.1007/s00705-010-0727-8"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2012.08.001"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0177265"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0026935"", 
""10.1186/1743-422X-7-331"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0045059"", NA, ""10.1637/7260-081104R"", ""10.1038/442757a"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.09.048"", ""10.4142/jvs.2009.10.1.53"", ""10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e27"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.02.013""), volume = c(""312"", ""4"", ""374"", ""17"", ""372"", ""376"", NA, ""13"", ""20"", ""606"", ""86"", ""379"", NA, ""11"", ""7"", ""376"", NA, ""19"", ""294"", ""197"", ""6"", ""156"", ""54"", ""8"", ""11"", ""14"", ""3"", ""117"", ""6"", ""15"", ""14"", ""69"", ""372"", NA, ""196"", ""9"", ""106"", ""159"", ""48"", ""6"", ""7"", ""10"", ""8"", ""22"", ""21"", 
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""433"", ""12"", ""6"", ""7"", ""7"", NA, ""49"", ""442"", ""25"", ""10"", ""20"", ""181""), author = c(""B Olsen"", ""E-SM Abdelwhab"", ""SJ Lycett"", ""X Wang"", ""W Shi"", ""M Wille"", NA, ""A Pohlmann"", ""C Adlhoch"", ""BJ Miller"", ""AM Ramey"", ""V Gamarra-Toledo"", NA, ""DE Swayne"", ""SJ Yoo"", ""E Stokstad"", NA, ""C Adlhoch"", ""MJ Keeling"", ""T Halasa"", ""M Andraud"", ""N Courtejoie"", ""A Stegeman"", ""ME El Zowalaty"", ""EA Germeraad"", ""KA Harris"", ""M Gilbert"", ""Y Wang"", ""MD Van Kerkhove"", ""C Hautefeuille"", ""A de Koeijer"", ""C Kirkeby"", ""MJ Page"", 
NA, ""T Tiensin"", ""PGT Walker"", ""N Marquetoux"", ""R Retkute"", ""J van den Broek"", ""PGT Walker"", ""A Delabouglise"", ""T Kim"", ""W-H Kim"", ""A Smirnova"", ""N Tuncer"", ""EM Hill"", ""EM Hill"", ""A Ssematimba"", ""PS Pandit"", ""STK Pelletier"", ""B Bett"", ""EK Lee"", ""MP Ward"", ""C Rorres"", ""C Rorres"", ""PJ Bonney"", ""A Ssematimba"", ""H Lee"", ""R Salvador"", ""J Lee"", ""D-S Yoo"", ""PHF Hobbelen"", ""A Andronico"", ""T Vergne"", ""Y Hayama"", ""Y Chen"", ""I Dorigatti"", ""G Smith"", ""A Stegeman"", ""A Le Menach"", ""GJ Boender"", ""V Bavinck"", ""MEH Bos"", 
""JA Backer"", ""RG Seymour"", ""PJ Bonney"", ""JL Gonzales"", ""R Li"", ""N Bai"", ""G Zhu"", ""RJF Ypma"", ""C Guinat"", NA, NA, ""S den Boon"", ""TD Hollingsworth"", ""C Adlhoch"", ""C Adlhoch"", ""C Adlhoch"", ""MJ Keeling"", NA, NA, ""JL Moore"", ""EP Fenichel"", ""CE Hauser"", ""WJM Probert"", ""C Kirkeby"", ""H McCallum"", ""E Vynnycky"", ""RG Webster"", ""G Tian"", ""C-W Lee"", ""DE Swayne"", ""KS Li"", ""I Capua"", ""E Spackman"", NA, ""F Mutinelli"", ""P De Benedictis"", ""DJ Alexander"", ""RD Slemons"", ""H-M Kang"", ""C Grund"", ""B-M Song"", ""T Tanikawa"", 
""D-H Lee"", ""Y-J Bae"", ""K Bertran"", ""K Gamoh"", ""DR Kapczynski"", ""SM Kim"", ""E-K Lee"", ""M Steensels"", ""X Zeng"", ""S Sakuma"", ""JA van der Goot"", ""A Bouma"", ""ON Poetri"", ""JA van der Goot"", ""SPS Pillai"", ""M Iqbal"", ""MJ Pantin-Jackwood"", ""A Comin"", ""E Spackman"", ""RA Saenz"", NA, ""DE Swayne"", ""NJ Savill"", ""JA van der Goot"", ""O-M Jeong"", ""S-C Park"", ""L Busani""), year = c(""2006"", ""2013"", ""2019"", ""2017"", ""2021"", ""2022"", NA, ""2022"", ""2022"", ""2022"", ""2022"", ""2023"", NA, ""2014"", ""2018"", ""2022"", NA, ""2021"", ""2001"", 
""2016"", ""2019"", ""2018"", ""2010"", ""2013"", ""2019"", ""2017"", ""2012"", ""2014"", ""2011"", ""2020"", ""2017"", ""2022"", ""2021"", NA, ""2007"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2018"", ""2021"", ""2010"", ""2017"", ""2010"", ""2021"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2018"", ""2013"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2017"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2018"", ""2019"", ""2018"", ""2020"", ""2019"", ""2021"", ""2020"", ""2019"", ""2021"", ""2022"", ""2022"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""2007"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2015"", ""2021"", ""2021"", ""2012"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""2021"", ""2013"", ""2018"", NA, 
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    ""Berri"", ""Berri"", ""Berri"", ""Berri"", ""Berri"", ""Bildfell"", ""Fishbein"", ""Guatteo"", ""Hatchette"", ""Kim"", ""Lang"", ""Lyytikäinen"", ""Masala"", ""Maurin"", ""Moore"", ""Muramatsu"", NA, ""Palmer"", ""Rehácek"", ""Tissot-Dupont"", ""To"", ""To"", ""Welsh"", ""Willems"", ""Woernle""), year = c(""2005"", ""2003"", ""1963"", ""2003"", ""2000"", ""2003"", ""2005"", ""2001"", ""2000"", ""1992"", ""2006"", ""2001"", ""2005"", ""1990"", ""1998"", ""2004"", ""1999"", ""1991"", ""1996"", NA, ""1983"", ""1998"", ""1999"", ""1998"", ""1995"", ""1957"", ""1994"", ""1985""), journal.title = c(""Vaccine"", 
    ""Vet. Res."", ""Public Health Rep."", NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", NA, ""Eur. J. Epidemiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Clin. Microbiol. Rev."", ""Vet. Pathol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", NA, ""Can. Vet. J."", ""Vet. Med.–Czech"", ""Am. J. Epidemiol."", ""J. Vet. Med. Sci."", ""Microbiol. Immunol."", ""Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci."", ""J. Vet. Med. Ser. B"", ""Bull. Acad. Vet. Fr.""), series.title = c(NA, 
    NA, NA, ""Methods in Molecular Biology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Q fever: The disease"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""OIE. 2004. Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals Part 2, Section 2.2, Chapter 2.2 10. http://www.oie.int/ fr/normes/mmanual/A_00049.htm."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0022030207720076",NA,"en","list(name = ""DGAL"", award = ""R01/03"")","list(date = c(""2007-12-01"", ""2019-01-16""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 4064), URL = c(""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"", ""http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/""))",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Rodolakis","2007","Rodolakis et al., 2007"
"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","2020-01-06","2022-02-23","1995-04","10.1128/aem.61.4.1363-1370.1995","2025-06-04","0099-2240,1098-5336","4","1995-04","235","1363-1370","10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","0","0","125","Effect of diet on the shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a sheep model","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.61.4.1363-1370.1995","61","<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to develop a sheep model to investigate reproduction, transmission, and shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ruminants. In addition, we investigated the effect of diet change on these parameters. Six groups of twin lambs given oral inoculations of 10(5) or 10(9) CFU of E. coli O157:H7 and their nondosed mothers were monitored for colonization by culture of fecal samples. A modified selective-enrichment protocol that detected E. coli O157:H7 at levels as low as 0.06 CFU per g of ovine feces was developed. Horizontal transmission of infection occurred between the lambs and most of the nondosed mothers. When animals were kept in confinement and given alfalfa pellet feed, lambs receiving the higher dose shed the bacteria sooner and longer than all other animals. However, when the animals were released onto a sagebrush-bunchgrass range, every animal, regardless of its previous status (dosed at one of the inoculum levels tested or nondosed) shed E. coli O157:H7 uniformly. Shedding persisted for 15 days, after which all animals tested negative. E. coli O157:H7 reproduction and transmission and the combined effect of diet change and feed withholding were also investigated in a pilot study with experimentally inoculated rams. Withholding feed induced animals to shed the bacteria either by triggering growth of E. coli O157:H7 present in the intestines or by increasing susceptibility to infection. Introduction of a dietary change with brief starvation caused uniform shedding and clearance of E. coli O157:H7, and all animals then tested negative for the bacteria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</jats:p>","Appl Environ Microbiol","list(given = c(""I T"", ""P G"", ""C J""), family = c(""Kudva"", ""Hatfield"", ""Hovde""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow 8343, USA."", ""Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow 8343, USA."", ""Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow 8343, USA.""))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/aem.61.4.1363-1370.1995"", ""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/aem.61.4.1363-1370.1995""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","NULL","10.1128/aem.61.4.1363-1370.1995",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""1995-04-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","list(value = ""1995-04-01"", order = 2, name = ""published"", label = ""Published"", group.name = ""publication_history"", group.label = ""Publication History"")",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Kudva","1995","Kudva et al., 1995"
"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology","2019-10-25","2019-10-25","2010-01-28","10.4014/jmb.0908.08007","2025-06-16","1017-7825,1738-8872","1","2010-01-28","28042","5-14","10.4014","Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology","1","Crossref","0","0","395","A Brief Overview of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Its Plasmid O157","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.0908.08007","20",NA,"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology","list(given = c(""Ji Youn"", ""JangWon"", ""Carolyn J.""), family = c(""Lim"", ""Yoon"", ""Hovde""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","NULL","NULL","10.4014/jmb.0908.08007",NA,"en","NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Lim","2010","Lim et al., 2010"
"EFSA Journal","2022-05-10","2023-03-09","2022-05","10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7311","2025-05-22","1831-4732,1831-4732","5","2022-05","311",NA,"10.2903","Wiley","1","Crossref","180","180","3","Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): antimicrobial‐resistant Escherichia coli in dogs and cats, horses, swine, poultry, cattle, sheep and goats","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7311","20",NA,"EFS2,EFSA Journal","list(name = c(""EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW)"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), 
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""553"", ""311"", NA), DOI = c(""10.2147/IDR.S189884"", ""10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(85)80814-6"", ""10.1292/jvms.16-0432"", ""10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02773"", ""10.1128/AAC.04576-14"", ""10.5772/intechopen.93200"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.09.020"", ""10.31248/JASVM2017.041"", ""10.3390/pathogens10050608"", ""10.1111/j.1574-695X.2011.00797.x"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0016424"", ""10.1111/j.1477-9552.2005.tb00126.x"", ""10.1016/j.cvfa.2008.10.001"", NA, ""10.1089/fpd.2009.0425"", ""10.1136/vr.160.8.253"", ""10.1128/AAC.02298-19"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.08.015"", 
NA, ""10.1016/j.bjm.2015.11.005"", ""10.1177/104063871002200130"", ""10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30605-4"", ""10.1017/S0950268814003963"", ""10.4142/jvs.2014.15.1.1"", ""10.1128/JCM.00593-15"", ""10.3390/ani10122212"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0178970"", ""10.1016/j.cmi.2019.03.007"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.07.005"", ""10.1136/vr.102462"", ""10.2307/1592290"", ""10.1093/jac/dkq500"", ""10.1177/1098612X19880435"", ""10.1111/j.1939-1676.2004.tb02549.x"", NA, NA, ""10.12938/bmfh.16-030"", ""10.1128/ecosalplus.ESP-0006-2016"", NA, ""10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5709"", 
""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4694"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6490"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4783"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6680"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2021.7112"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2021.7113"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2021.7114"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6955"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6956"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6645"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5123"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4666"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.ijmm.2007.01.003"", ""10.1128/AEM.01324-08"", ""10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03850.x"", ""10.1002/9781119350927"", ""10.3390/antibiotics10050559"", 
NA, ""10.3389/fcimb.2020.572909"", ""10.1111/j.1939-1676.2006.tb02853.x"", ""10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.03.022"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2018.02659"", ""10.1128/br.29.1.75-101.1965"", ""10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30362-1"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0112048"", NA, ""10.1016/j.jgar.2020.02.015"", ""10.1111/j.1748-5827.2008.00546.x"", ""10.1093/femsle/fnv118"", ""10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.03.001"", ""10.1007/978-1-4939-2854-5_14"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.12.005"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108570"", ""10.3168/jds.2018-14824"", ""10.1093/cid/cis581"", ""10.1080/00480169.2011.547165"", 
""10.1017/S175173111600152X"", ""10.1186/s12917-019-1901-1"", ""10.1111/evj.13437"", ""10.1111/jam.13468"", ""10.1128/JCM.00980-08"", ""10.1128/JB.01726-06"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.11.021"", ""10.1111/vde.12886"", ""10.1128/mSphere.00333-18"", ""10.1007/978-3-319-98785-9"", ""10.1016/j.onehlt.2019.100091"", ""10.3390/pathogens10040467"", ""10.1038/s41598-019-56763-7"", ""10.1080/03079457.2015.1060584"", ""10.1098/rspb.2021.0399"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109117"", NA, ""10.1111/lam.13558"", ""10.1128/mBio.00470-18"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2019.01.002"", 
""10.3390/ijerph17093061"", ""10.1089/mdr.2017.0412"", ""10.1186/s40813-017-0063-4"", ""10.1016/j.bsheal.2020.09.004"", ""10.1186/s13756-020-00863-x"", ""10.1111/evj.12471"", ""10.1016/j.plasmid.2018.09.001"", ""10.1093/cid/civ273"", ""10.1093/cid/cis502"", ""10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.07.008"", ""10.1093/jac/dkx401"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2020.00584"", ""10.1089/fpd.2013.1533"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2018.00500"", ""10.3390/antibiotics10101209"", ""10.1128/AEM.01978-18"", ""10.1186/1471-2180-9-132"", ""10.5897/JVMAH2014.0351"", NA, NA, ""10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.39.1900071"", 
""10.3390/antibiotics10111374"", ""10.1002/9781119371199"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.10.017"", ""10.1637/9777-051011-Reg.1"", ""10.1080/01913123.2021.1920653"", ""10.5772/60460"", NA, ""10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0026-2017"", ""10.1016/j.anaerobe.2013.06.013"", ""10.1086/426819"", ""10.1016/j.jgar.2018.01.011"", NA, NA, ""10.1590/1089-6891v20e-47449"", ""10.1111/1469-0691.12646"", ""10.1128/microbiolspec.AME-0014-2020"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.05.001"", ""10.1186/s12864-016-3415-6"", ""10.1016/j.jgar.2019.05.007"", ""10.1128/mSphere.00316-19"", 
""10.5772/60460"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.01.013"", ""10.1637/7569-033106R.1"", ""10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(85)80993-0"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0143191"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0180599"", ""10.1089/vbz.2018.2333"", NA, NA, ""10.1136/vr.104440"", ""10.1128/AEM.00742-20"", ""10.3390/ani10101898"", NA, ""10.1093/jac/dkv186"", ""10.1128/jcm.13.6.1011-1016.1981"", ""10.1128/iai.33.2.401-406.1981"", ""10.1136/vr.163.12.362"", NA, ""10.1292/jvms.17-0189"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2020.00580"", ""10.1128/JCM.01008-08"", ""10.1093/jac/dkz462"", 
NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.02.009"", NA, ""10.26444/aaem/111724"", ""10.3390/microorganisms9102135"", ""10.1136/vr.d1540"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.1008162"", ""10.1186/s12917-014-0217-4"", ""10.2307/1592546"", NA, ""10.1139/cjm-2020-0508"", ""10.1080/03079450050118430"", NA), article.title = c(""High rates of CTX‐M group‐1 extended‐spectrum β‐lactamases producing Escherichia coli from pets and their owners in Faisalabad, Pakistan"", ""Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infections in newborn calves: a review"", 
""Prevalence and molecular characterization of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL) and plasmidic AmpC β‐lactamase (pAmpC) producing Escherichia coli in dogs"", NA, ""Longitudinal study of extended‐spectrum‐β‐lactamase‐ and AmpC‐producing Enterobacteriaceae in household dogs"", NA, ""Prevalence, prediction and risk factors of enteropathogens in normal and non‐normal faeces of young Dutch dairy calves"", ""Colibacillosis in calves: a review of literature"", ""Are there effective intervention measures in broiler production against the ESBL/AmpC producer Escherichia coli?"", 
""Escherichia coli from animal reservoirs as a potential source of human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli"", NA, ""Updated estimates of the costs associated with thirty four endemic livestock diseases in great britain: a note"", ""Treatment of calf diarrhea: intravenous fluid therapy"", ""Septicemic Colibacillosis and failure of passive transfer of Colostral immunoglobulin in calves"", ""Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of clinical and subclinical mastitis pathogens in dairy cows in Rhône‐Alpes"", 
""Survey of the incidence and aetiology of mastitis on dairy farms in England and Wales"", ""OXA‐181‐producing extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli sequence type 410 isolated from a dog in Portugal"", ""Fatal pneumonia caused by Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) in a juvenile cat recovered from an animal hoarding incident"", NA, ""Resistance patterns, ESBL genes, and genetic relatedness of Escherichia coli from dogs and owners"", ""Necrotizing pneumonia and pleuritis associated with extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli in a tiger (Panthera tigris) cub"", 
""Attributable deaths and disability‐adjusted life‐years caused by infections with antibiotic‐resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015: a population‐level modelling analysis"", ""Cross‐sectional survey of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from diseased farm livestock in England and Wales"", ""An overview of calf diarrhea – infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention"", ""Rapid, sensitive, and specific Escherichia coli H antigen typing by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight‐based peptide mass fingerprinting"", 
""Epidemiology and Classification of Mastitis"", NA, ""Impact of CLSI and EUCAST breakpoint discrepancies on reporting of antimicrobial susceptibility and AMR surveillance"", ""Faecal shedding of CTX‐M‐producing Escherichia coli in horses receiving broad‐spectrum antimicrobial prophylaxis after hospital admission"", ""Antibiotics used most commonly to treat animals in Europe"", ""Two outbreaks of colibacillosis in commercial caged layers"", ""Plasmids carrying blaCTX‐M‐1 and qnr genes in Escherichia coli isolates from an equine clinic and a horseback riding centre"", 
""Urinary tract infection and subclinical bacteriuria in cats: a clinical update"", ""Molecular investigation of Escherichia coli strains associated with apparently persistent urinary tract infection in dogs"", NA, NA, ""Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and probiotics in swine: what the bleep do we know?"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Avian pathogenic, uropathogenic, and newborn meningitis‐causing Escherichia coli: how closely related are they?"", 
""Intestine and environment of the chicken as reservoirs for extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli strains with zoonotic potential"", ""Extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing and AmpC‐producing Escherichia coli from livestock and companion animals, and their putative impact on public health: a global perspective"", NA, ""Phage therapy in livestock and companion animals"", ""The long‐term survival of Escherichia coli in river water"", NA, ""Antibiotic sensitivity profiles do not reliably distinguish relapsing or persisting infections from reinfections in cats with chronic renal failure and multiple diagnoses of Escherichia coli urinary tract infection"", 
""Co‐occurrence of mcr‐1, mcr‐4 and mcr‐5 genes in multidrug‐resistant ST10 Enterotoxigenic and Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli in Spain (2006–2017)"", ""Swine Enteric Colibacillosis in Spain: pathogenic potential of mcr‐1 ST10 and ST131 E. coli isolates"", ""Escherichia coli and neonatal disease of calves"", ""Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoea in 195 countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016"", 
NA, NA, ""Domestic and game pigeons as reservoirs for Escherichia coli harbouring antimicrobial resistance genes"", ""A retrospective study of the clinical presentation of 140 dogs and 39 cats with bacteraemia"", NA, ""Pyometra in small animals"", ""A murine model for Escherichia coli urinary tract infection"", ""Antimicrobial resistance, virulence profiles, and phylogenetic groups of fecal Escherichia coli isolates: a comparative analysis between dogs and their owners in Japan"", NA, ""Pathogen‐specific production losses in bovine mastitis"", 
""Transmission dynamics of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing Enterobacteriaceae in the tertiary care hospital and the household setting"", ""Economic aspects of mastitis: new developments"", ""Early neonatal lamb mortality: postmortem findings"", ""Identification of Escherichia coli from broiler chickens in Jordan, their antimicrobial resistance, gene characterization and the associated risk factors"", ""Antimicrobial resistance in clinical bacterial isolates from horses in the UK"", ""Environmental Escherichia coli: ecology and public health implications‐a review"", 
""Multiple‐host sharing, long‐term persistence, and virulence of Escherichia coli clones from human and animal household members"", ""The genome sequence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strain O1:K1:H7 shares strong similarities with human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli genomes"", ""Monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility of udder pathogens recovered from cases of clinical mastitis in dairy cows across Europe: VetPath results"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC): an overview of virulence and pathogenesis factors, zoonotic potential, and control strategies"", 
""Meta‐analysis of pandemic Escherichia coli ST131 plasmidome proves restricted plasmid‐clade associations"", ""The incidence and economic impact of the Escherichia coliperitonitis syndrome in Dutch poultry farming"", NA, NA, NA, ""High occurrence of carbapenem‐resistant Escherichia coli isolates from healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus): first report of blaIMI and blaVIM type genes from livestock in Tunisia"", NA, ""Disruption of blood‐brain barrier by an Escherichia coli isolated from canine septicemia and meningoencephalitis"", 
""Factors obscuring the role of E. coli from domestic animals in the global antimicrobial resistance crisis: an evidence‐based review"", ""Is blaCTX‐M‐1 riding the same plasmid among horses in Sweden and France?"", ""Swine enteric colibacillosis: diagnosis, therapy and antimicrobial resistance"", ""Use of antimicrobials in food animals and impact of transmission of antimicrobial resistance on humans"", ""Evaluation of the health and healthcare system burden due to antimicrobial‐resistant Escherichia coli infections in humans: a systematic review and meta‐analysis"", 
""Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from horses: epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance"", ""Antimicrobial resistance plasmid reservoir in food and food‐producing animals"", ""Extensive household outbreak of urinary tract infection and intestinal colonization due to extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing Escherichia coli sequence type 131"", ""Food‐borne origins of Escherichia coli causing extraintestinal infections"", ""In‐farm cost of an outbreak of diarrhoea in lambs"", ""Increase in antimicrobial resistance and emergence of major international high‐risk clonal lineages in dogs and cats with urinary tract infection: 16 year retrospective study"", 
""Deadly puppy infection caused by an MDR Escherichia coli O39 blaCTX‐M‐15, blaCMY‐2, blaDHA‐1, and aac(6)‐Ib‐cr – positive in a breeding Kennel in Central Italy"", ""Human and avian extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli: infections, zoonotic risks, and antibiotic resistance trends"", ""Colonization dynamics of cefotaxime resistant bacteria in beef cattle raised without cephalosporin antibiotics"", ""Antibiotic resistance: from pig to meat"", ""Risk factors for detection, survival, and growth of antibiotic‐resistant and pathogenic Escherichia coli in household soils in rural Bangladesh"", 
""Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli O1:K1:H7/NM from human and avian origin: detection of clonal groups B2 ST95 and D ST59 with different host distribution"", ""A review on major bacterial causes of calf diarrhea and its diagnostic method"", NA, NA, NA, ""Multiple and high‐risk clones of extended‐spectrum cephalosporin‐resistant and blaNDM‐5‐Harbouring Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Cats and Dogs in Thailand"", NA, ""Bats as a reservoir of resistant Escherichia coli: a methodical view. Can we fully estimate the scale of resistance in the reservoirs of free‐living animals?"", 
""An investigation on first‐week mortality in layers"", ""Induction of bacterial cystitis in female rabbits by uropathogenic Escherichia coli and the differences between the bladder dome and trigone"", NA, ""Zoonotic Diseases of Cattle"", NA, ""Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in Escherichia coli and enterococci from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)"", ""Possible animal origin of human‐associated, multidrug‐resistant"", ""Antimicrobial susceptibility survey on bacterial agents of canine and feline urinary tract infections: weight of the empirical treatment"", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Pandemic lineages of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli"", NA, ""Farm‐economic analysis of reducing antimicrobial use whilst adopting improved management strategies on farrow‐to‐finish pig farms"", ""Spread of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli ST117 O78:H4 in Nordic broiler production"", ""Various Inc‐type plasmids and lineages of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae spreading blaCTX‐M‐15, blaCTX‐M‐1 and mcr‐1 genes in camels in Tunisia"", ""Diverse commensal Escherichia coli clones and plasmids disseminate antimicrobial resistance genes in domestic animals and children in a semirural community in ecuador"", 
NA, ""Antimicrobial resistance risk factors and characterisation of faecal E. coli isolated from healthy Labrador retrievers in the United Kingdom"", ""Potential impacts of antibiotic use in poultry production"", ""Environmental mastitis: cause, prevalence, prevention"", NA, NA, ""Detection and characterization of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamases‐producing Escherichia coli in animals"", NA, NA, ""Prevalence of feline urinary tract pathogens and antimicrobial resistance over five years"", ""Prevalence of cefotaxime‐resistant Escherichia coli isolates from healthy cattle and sheep in northern Spain: phenotypic and genome‐based characterization of antimicrobial susceptibility"", 
""Welfare benefits of intradermal vaccination of piglets"", NA, ""WGS accurately predicts antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli"", ""Clinical manifestations of diarrhea in calves infected with rotavirus and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli"", ""Diarrhea in lambs: experimental infections with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, rotavirus, and Cryptosporidium sp"", ""Prevalence of four enteropathogens in the faeces of young diarrhoeic calves in Switzerland"", NA, ""Efficacy of an avian colibacillosis live vaccine for layer breeder in Japan"", 
""Pathogenic Escherichia coli in dogs reveals the predominance of ST372 and the human‐associated ST73 extra‐intestinal lineages"", ""High rate of intestinal colonization with extended‐spectrum‐beta‐lactamase‐producing organisms in household contacts of infected community patients"", ""Faecal carriage, risk factors, acquisition and persistence of ESBL‐producing Enterobacteriaceae in dogs and cats and co‐carriage with humans belonging to the same household"", ""A comparison of E. coli susceptibility for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid according to EUCAST and CLSI guidelines. European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases: official publication of the European Society of Clinical"", 
""Virulence‐associated traits in avian Escherichia coli: comparison between isolates from colibacillosis‐affected and clinically healthy layer flocks"", NA, ""Extra‐intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli – threat connected with food‐borne infections"", ""Prevalence and risk factors for ESBL/AmpC‐E. coli in pre‐weaned dairy calves on dairy farms in Germany"", ""Prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistant Escherichia coli in dogs in a cross‐sectional, community‐based study"", NA, ""Characterisation of bacterial growth and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in canine urinary tract infections"", 
""Chicken embryo lethality assay for determining the virulence of avian Escherichia coli isolates"", NA, ""A review of the taxonomy, genetics, and biology of the genus Escherichia and the type species Escherichia coli"", ""Severe Escherichia coli O111 septicaemia and polyserositis in hens at the start of lay"", NA), volume = c(""12"", ""68"", ""79"", NA, ""59"", NA, ""93"", ""2"", ""10"", ""62"", NA, ""56"", ""25"", ""1"", ""7"", ""160"", ""64"", ""167"", NA, ""47"", ""22"", ""19"", ""143"", ""15"", ""53"", ""10"", NA, ""25"", ""154"", ""175"", ""40"", 
""66"", ""21"", ""18"", NA, NA, ""36"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""297"", ""75"", ""18"", NA, ""10"", ""63"", NA, ""20"", ""52"", ""9"", ""29"", ""18"", NA, NA, ""22"", ""49"", NA, ""48"", ""1333"", ""35"", NA, ""101"", ""55"", ""59"", ""11"", ""15"", ""54"", ""123"", ""46"", ""189"", ""213"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10"", ""10"", ""44"", NA, NA, NA, ""73"", NA, ""63"", ""17"", ""24"", ""3"", ""3"", ""9"", ""47"", ""99"", ""61"", ""55"", ""166"", ""73"", ""11"", ""10"", ""9"", ""10"", ""84"", ""9"", ""7"", NA, NA, NA, ""10"", NA, ""128"", ""56"", 
""45"", NA, NA, NA, ""23"", ""40"", ""13"", NA, NA, NA, ""20"", NA, ""129"", ""18"", ""19"", ""4"", NA, ""119"", ""50"", ""68"", NA, NA, ""19"", NA, NA, ""183"", ""86"", ""10"", NA, ""70"", ""13"", ""33"", ""163"", NA, ""79"", ""11"", ""46"", ""75"", ""40"", ""108"", NA, ""26"", ""9"", ""168"", NA, ""10"", ""44"", NA, ""67"", ""29"", NA), author = c(""Abbas"", ""Acres"", ""Aslantaş"", NA, ""Baede"", NA, ""Bartels"", ""Bashahun"", ""Becker"", ""Bélanger"", NA, ""Bennett"", ""Berchtold"", ""Besser"", ""Botrel"", ""Bradley"", ""Brilhante"", ""Brooks"", ""CABI"", ""Carvalho"", ""Carvallo"", ""Cassini"", 
""Cheney"", ""Cho"", ""Chui"", ""Cobirka"", NA, ""Cusack"", ""Damborg"", ""De Briyne"", ""Dhillon"", ""Dolejska"", ""Dorsch"", ""Drazenovich"", NA, NA, ""Dubreuil"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Ewers"", ""Ewers"", ""Ewers"", ""Zimmerman"", ""Ferriol‐González"", ""Flint"", NA, ""Freitag"", ""García"", ""García‐Meniño"", ""Gay"", ""GBD 2016 Diarrhoeal Disease Collaborators"", NA, ""GERM‐Vet"", ""Ghanbarpour"", ""Greiner"", NA, ""Hagman"", ""Hannan"", ""Harada"", NA, ""Heikkilä"", ""Hilty"", 
""Hogeveen"", ""Holmøy"", ""Ibrahim"", ""Isgren"", ""Jang"", ""Johnson"", ""Johnson"", ""de Jong"", NA, NA, ""Kampf"", NA, ""Kathayat"", ""Kondratyeva"", ""Landman"", NA, NA, NA, ""Lengliz"", NA, ""Li"", ""Loayza"", ""Lupo"", ""Luppi"", ""Ma"", ""MacKinnon"", ""Maddox"", ""Madec"", ""Madigan"", ""Manges"", ""Mariano"", ""Marques"", ""Mattioni Marchetti"", ""Mellata"", ""Mir"", ""Monger"", ""Montealegre"", ""Mora"", ""Muktar"", NA, NA, NA, ""Nittayasut"", ""Swayne"", ""Nowakiewicz"", ""Olsen"", ""Othman"", ""Darwish"", ""Pelzer"", NA, ""Radhouani"", ""Ramchandani"", ""Rampacci"", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Riley"", NA, ""Rojo‐Gimeno"", ""Ronco"", ""Saidani"", ""Salinas"", ""Darwish"", ""Schmidt"", ""Singer"", ""Smith"", NA, NA, ""Suay‐García"", NA, NA, ""Teichmann‐Knorrn"", ""Tello"", ""Temple"", NA, ""Tyson"", ""Tzipori"", ""Tzipori"", ""Uhde"", NA, ""Uotani"", ""Valat"", ""Valverde"", ""van den Bunt"", ""Vanstokstraeten"", ""Vandekerchove"", NA, ""Wasiński"", ""Weber"", ""Wedley"", NA, ""Windahl"", ""Wooley"", NA, ""Yu"", ""Zanella"", NA), year = c(""2019"", ""1985"", ""2017"", NA, ""2015"", NA, ""2010"", ""2017"", ""2021"", ""2011"", NA, ""2005"", ""2009"", 
""1985"", ""2010"", ""2007"", ""2020"", ""2013"", ""2019"", ""2016"", ""2010"", ""2019"", ""2015"", ""2014"", ""2015"", ""2020"", NA, ""2019"", ""2012"", ""2014"", ""1996"", ""2011"", ""2019"", ""2004"", NA, NA, ""2017"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2007"", ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2019"", ""2021"", ""1987"", NA, ""2006"", ""2018"", ""2018"", ""1965"", ""2018"", NA, ""2020"", ""2020"", ""2008"", NA, ""2018"", ""2016"", ""2012"", NA, ""2018"", ""2012"", ""2011"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""2021"", ""2017"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""2018"", 
NA, NA, ""2018"", NA, ""2021"", ""2020"", ""2015"", NA, NA, NA, ""2021"", NA, ""2019"", ""2020"", ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2021"", ""2020"", ""2015"", ""2018"", ""2015"", ""2012"", ""2018"", ""2018"", ""2020"", ""2013"", ""2018"", ""2021"", ""2018"", ""2009"", ""2015"", NA, NA, NA, ""2021"", ""2020"", ""2020"", ""2012"", ""2021"", ""2016"", ""2005"", NA, ""2013"", ""2005"", ""2018"", NA, NA, NA, ""2014"", NA, ""2016"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""2019"", ""2016"", ""2015"", ""2006"", ""1985"", NA, NA, ""2019"", NA, NA, ""2018"", ""2020"", ""2020"", NA, ""2015"", ""1981"", ""1981"", ""2008"", NA, ""2017"", ""2020"", 
""2008"", ""2020"", ""2021"", ""2005"", NA, ""2019"", ""2021"", ""2011"", NA, ""2014"", ""2000"", NA, ""2021"", ""2000"", NA), journal.title = c(""Infection and Drug Resistance"", ""Journal of Dairy Science"", ""The Journal of Veterinary Medicine Science"", NA, ""Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"", NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine"", ""Pathogens"", ""FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology"", NA, ""Journal of Agricultural Economics"", ""The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice"", 
""Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice"", ""France. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"", ""The Veterinary Record"", ""Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", NA, ""Brazilian Journal of Microbiology"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""The Lancet Infectious Diseases"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""Journal of Veterinary Science"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Animals"", NA, ""Clinical Microbiology and Infection"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", 
""Veterinary Record"", ""Avian Diseases"", ""Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"", ""Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"", ""Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"", NA, NA, ""Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""International Journal of Medical Microbiology"", ""Applied and Environmental Microbiology"", ""Clinical Microbiology and Infection"", NA, ""Antibiotics (Basel)"", ""Journal of Applied Microbiology"", 
NA, ""Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"", ""International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents"", ""Frontiers in Microbiology"", ""Bacteriology Reviews"", ""The Lancet, Infectious Diseases"", NA, NA, ""Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance"", ""Journal of Small Animal Practice"", NA, ""The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice"", ""Methods in Molecular Biology"", ""Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"", NA, ""Journal of Dairy Science"", ""Clinical Infectious Diseases"", 
""New Zealand Veterinary Journal"", ""Animal"", ""BMC Veterinary Research"", ""Equine Veterinary Journal"", ""Journal of Applied Microbiology"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Journal of Bacteriology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Pathogens"", ""Scientific Reports"", ""Avian Pathology"", NA, NA, NA, ""Letters in Applied Microbiology"", NA, ""Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"", ""International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"", ""Microbial Drug Resistance"", 
""Porcine Health Management"", ""Biosafety and Health"", ""Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control"", ""Equine Veterinary Journal"", ""Plasmid"", ""Clinical Infectious Diseases"", ""Clinical Infectious Diseases"", ""Small Ruminant Research"", ""Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"", ""Frontiers in Microbiology"", ""Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"", ""Frontiers in Microbiology"", ""Antibiotics"", ""Applied and Environmental Microbiology"", ""BMC Microbiology"", ""Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health"", NA, 
NA, NA, ""Antibiotics"", NA, ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""Avian Diseases"", ""Ultrastructural Pathology"", NA, ""Virginia Cooperative Extension"", NA, ""Anaerobe"", ""Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli. Clinical Infectious Diseases"", ""Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance"", NA, NA, NA, ""Clinical Microbiology and Infection"", NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""BMC Genomics"", ""Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance"", ""Msphere"", NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Avian Diseases"", ""Journal of Dairy Science"", 
NA, NA, ""Vector‐Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"", NA, NA, ""Veterinary Record"", ""Applied and Environmental Microbiology"", ""Animals"", NA, ""Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Infection and Immunity"", ""Veterinary Record"", NA, ""Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"", ""Frontiers in Microbiology"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"", ""Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", NA, ""Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine"", 
""Microorganisms"", ""Veterinary Record"", NA, ""BMC Veterinary Research"", ""Avian Diseases"", NA, ""Canadian Journal of Microbiology"", ""Avian Pathology"", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Astorga F, Navarrete‐Talloni MJ, Miró MP, Bravo V, Toro M, Blondel CJ and Hervé‐Claude LP, 2019. Antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolated from dairy calves and bedding material. Heliyon, 5, e02773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02773"", NA, ""Baraitareanu S and Vidu L, 2020. Dairy farms biosecurity to protect against infectious diseases and antibiotics overuse. In: Mareș M, Lim SHE, Lai K‐S and Cristina R‐T (eds.), Antimicrobial Resistance – A One Health Perspective. Rijeka: IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93200"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Benagli C, Rossi V, Dolina M, Tonolla M and Petrini O, 2011. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry for the identification of clinically relevant bacteria. PLoS One, 6, e16424. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016424"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Cunha MPV, Saidenberg AB, Moreno AM, Ferreira AJP, Vieira MAM, Gomes TAT and Knöbl T, 2017. Pandemic extra‐intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) clonal group O6–B2‐ST73 as a cause of avian colibacillosis in Brazil. PLoS One, 12, e0178970. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178970"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Drugs.com , 2021a. Enviracor J‐5 (Canada). Available online: https://www.drugs.com/vet/enviracor‐j‐5‐can.html"", ""Drugs.com , 2021b. ScourGuard 4KC (Canada). Available online: https://www.drugs.com/vet/scourguard‐4kc‐can.html"", NA, ""Dubreuil JD, Isaacson RE and Schifferli DM, 2016. Animal Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. EcoSal plus, 7. https://doi.org/10.1128/ecosalplus.ESP‐0006‐2016"", ""ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) , 2021. Surveillance Atlas of Infectious Diseases. Available online: https://atlas.ecdc.europa.eu/public/index.aspx?Dataset=27&HealthTopic=4"", 
""EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , Aerts M, Battisti A, Hendriksen R, Kempf I, Teale C, Tenhagen B‐A, Veldman K, Wasyl D, Guerra B, Liébana E, Thomas‐López D and Belœil P‐A, 2019. Scientific report on the technical specifications on harmonised monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from food‐producing animals and food. EFSA Journal 2019;17(6):5709, 122 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5709"", ""EFSA and ECDC (European Food Safety Authority and (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) , 2017. The European Union summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2015. EFSA Journal, 2017;15(2):4694, 212 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4694"", 
""EFSA and ECDC (European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) , 2021. The European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2018/2019. EFSA Journal 2021;19(4):6490, 179 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6490"", ""EFSA AHAW Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare) , More S, Bøtner A, Butterworth A, Calistri P, Depner K, Edwards S, Garin‐Bastuji B, Good M, Gortázar Schmidt C, Michel V, Miranda MA, Nielsen SS, Raj M, Sihvonen L, Spoolder H, Stegeman JA, Thulke H‐H, Velarde A, Willeberg P, Winckler C, Baldinelli F, Broglia A, Candiani D, Gervelmeyer A, Zancanaro G, Kohnle L, Morgado J and Bicout D, 2017. Scientific opinion on an ad hoc method for the assessment on listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law. EFSA Journal 2017;15(7):4783, 42 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4783"", 
""EFSA AHAW Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare) , Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin‐Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar Schmidt C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MA, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Sihvonen LH, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Guardabassi L, Hilbert F, Mader R, Aznar I, Baldinelli F and Alvarez J, 2021a. Scientific Opinion on the assessment of animal diseases caused by bacteria resistant to antimicrobials: Dogs and cats. EFSA Journal 2021;19(6):6680, 58 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6680"", 
""EFSA AHAW Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare) , Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin‐Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar Schmidt C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MA, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Sihvonen LH, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Dewulf J, Guardabassi L, Hilbert F, Mader R, Baldinelli F and Alvarez J, 2021b. Scientific Opinion on the assessment of animal diseases caused by bacteria resistant to antimicrobials: Horses. EFSA Journal 2021;19(12):7112, 43 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.7112"", 
""EFSA AHAW Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare) , Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin‐Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar Schmidt C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MA, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Sihvonen LH, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Dewulf J, Guardabassi L, Hilbert F, Mader R, Baldinelli F and Alvarez J, 2021c. Scientific Opinion on the assessment of animal diseases caused by bacteria resistant to antimicrobials: Swine. EFSA Journal 2021;19(12):7113, 66 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.7113"", 
""EFSA AHAW Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare) , Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin‐Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar Schmidt C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MA, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Dewulf J, Guardabassi L, Hilbert F, Mader R, Baldinelli F and Alvarez J, 2021d. Scientific Opinion on the assessment of animal diseases caused by bacteria resistant to antimicrobials: Poultry. EFSA Journal 2021;19(12):7114, 47 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.7114"", 
""EFSA AHAW Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare) , Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin‐Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar Schmidt C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MA, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Dewulf J, Guardabassi L, Hilbert F, Mader R, Baldinelli F and Alvarez J, 2021e. Scientific Opinion on the assessment of animal diseases caused by bacteria resistant to antimicrobials: cattle. EFSA Journal 2021;19(12):6955, 89 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6955"", 
""EFSA AHAW Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare) , Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin‐Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar Schmidt C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MA, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Dewulf J, Guardabassi L, Hilbert F, Mader R, Baldinelli F and Alvarez J, 2021f. Scientific Opinion on the assessment of animal diseases caused by bacteria resistant to antimicrobials: sheep and goats. EFSA Journal 2021;19(12):6956, 37 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6956"", 
""EFSA Ahaw Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare) , Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin‐Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar Schmidt C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MA, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Sihvonen LH, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Guardabassi L, Hilbert F, Mader R, Smith P, Aznar I, Muñoz Guajardo I, Baldinelli F and Alvarez J, 2021g. Scientific Opinion on the ad hoc method for the assessment of animal diseases caused by bacteria resistant to antimicrobials. EFSA Journal 2021;19(6):6645, 29 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6645"", 
""EFSA Scientific Committee , Benford D, Halldorsson T, Jeger MJ, Knutsen HK, More S, Naegeli H, Noteborn H, Ockleford C, Ricci A, Rychen G, Schlatter JR, Silano V, Solecki R, Turck D, Younes M, Craig P, Hart A, Von Goetz N, Koutsoumanis K, Mortensen A, Ossendorp B, Martino L, Merten C, Mosbach‐Schulz O and Hardy A, 2018. Guidance on Uncertainty Analysis in Scientific Assessments. EFSA Journal 2018;16(1):5123, 39 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5123"", ""EMA (European Medicines Agency) and EFSA BIOHAZ Panel (EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards) , 2017. EMA and EFSA Joint Scientific Opinion on measures to reduce the need to use antimicrobialagents in animal husbandry in the European Union, and the resulting impacts on food safety(RONAFA). [EMA/CVMP/570771/2015]. EFSA Journal 2017;15(1):4666, 245 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4666"", 
""EMA (European Medicines Agency) , 2018. Startvac. Available online: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/veterinary/EPAR/startvac"", ""EMA (European Medicines Agency) , 2019. Categorisation of antibiotics in the European Union. Available online: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/report/categorisation‐antibiotics‐european‐union‐answer‐request‐european‐commission‐updating‐scientific_en.pdf"", ""EMA (European Medicines Agency) , 2020. Porcilis ColiClos. Available online: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/veterinary/EPAR/porcilis‐coliclos"", 
""EMA (European Medicines Agency) , 2021a. Coliprotec F4/F18. Available online: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/veterinary/EPAR/coliprotec‐f4‐f18"", ""EMA (European Medicines Agency) , 2021b. Enteroporc Coli. Available online: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/veterinary/EPAR/enteroporc‐coli"", ""EMA (European Medicines Agency) , 2021c. Neocolipor. Available online: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/veterinary/EPAR/neocolipor"", ""EMA (European Medicines Agency) , 2021d. Locatim (previously Serinucoli). Available online: https://www.EMA..europa.eu/en/medicines/veterinary/EPAR/locatim"", 
""EMA (European Medicines Agency) , 2022. Poulvac E. coli. Available online: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/veterinary/EPAR/poulvac‐e‐coli"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Florio W, Baldeschi L, Rizzato C, Tavanti A, Ghelardi E and Lupetti A, 2020. Detection of antibiotic‐resistance by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry: an expanding area. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.572909"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Ge XZ, Jiang J, Pan Z, Hu L, Wang S, Wang H, Leung FC, Dai J and Fan H, 2014. Comparative genomic analysis shows that avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolate IMT5155 (O2:K1:H5; ST complex 95, ST140) shares close relationship with ST95 APEC O1:K1 and human ExPEC O18:K1 strains. PLoS One, 9, e112048. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112048"", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Guabiraba R and Schouler C, 2015. Avian colibacillosis: still many black holes. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 362, fnv118. https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnv118"", NA, NA, NA, ""He W, Ma S, Lei L, He J, Li X, Tao J, Wang X, Song S, Wang Y, Wang Y, Shen J, Cai C and Wu C, 2020. Prevalence, etiology, and economic impact of clinical mastitis on large dairy farms in China. Veterinary Microbiology, 242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108570"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""de Jong A, Youala M, El Garch F, Simjee S, Rose M, Morrissey I and Moyaert H, 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring of canine and feline skin and ear pathogens isolated from European veterinary clinics: results of the ComPath Surveillance programme. Veterinary Dermatology, 31, 431–e114. https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.12886"", 
""Jørgensen SL, Stegger M, Kudirkiene E, Lilje B, Poulsen LL, Ronco T, Dos Santos TP, Kiil K, Bisgaard M, Pedersen K, Nolan LK, Price LB, Olsen RH, Andersen PS and Christensen H, 2019. Diversity and population overlap between avian and human Escherichia coli belonging to sequence type 95. mSphere, 4, e00333–e00318. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00333‐18"", NA, ""Kaspar U, von Lützau K, Schlattmann A, Rösler U, Köck R and Becker K, 2019. Zoonotic multidrug‐resistant microorganisms among non‐hospitalized horses from Germany. One Health, 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2019.100091"", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Lagerstrom KM and Hadly EA, 2021. The under‐investigated wild side of Escherichia coli: genetic diversity, pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance in wild animals. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 288. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0399"", ""Laird TJ, Abraham S, Jordan D, Pluske JR, Hampson DJ, Trott DJ and O'Dea M, 2021. Porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: antimicrobial resistance and development of microbial‐based alternative control strategies. Veterinary Microbiology, 258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109117"", 
""Larsson DGJ and Flach C‐F, 2021. Antibiotic resistance in the environment. Nature Reviews Microbiology, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579‐021‐00649‐x"", NA, ""Liu CM, Stegger M, Aziz M, Johnson TJ, Waits K, Nordstrom L, Gauld L, Weaver B, Rolland D and Statham S, 2018. Escherichia coli ST131‐H22 as a Foodborne Uropathogen. MBio, 9."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Najafi S, Rahimi M and Nikousefat Z, 2019. Extra‐intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from human and avian origin: detection of the most common virulence‐encoding genes. Veterinary Research Forum, 10, 43–49. https://doi.org/10.30466/vrf.2019.34307"", 
""NZVA (New Zealand Veterinary Association) , 2018. Antibiotic judicious use guidelines for the New Zealand veterinary profession. Available online: https://www.amrvetcollective.com/assets/guidelines/guide_dairy.pdf"", ""Nigg A, Brilhante M, Dazio V, Clément M, Collaud A, Gobeli Brawand S, Willi B, Endimiani A, Schuller S and Perreten V, 2019. Shedding of OXA‐181 carbapenemase‐producing Escherichia coli from companion animals after hospitalisation in Switzerland: an outbreak in 2018. Eurosurveillance, 24. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560‐7917.ES.2019.24.39.1900071"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Poirel L, Madec J‐Y, Lupo A, Schink A‐K, Kieffer N, Nordmann P and Schwarz S, 2018. Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli microbiology. Spectrum, 6. https://doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA‐0026‐2017"", NA, NA, NA, ""RESAPATH (French surveillance network for antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from diseased animals) , Bourély C, Cazeau G, Haenni M, Jarrige N, Jouy E, Lupo A, Madec J‐Y and Mader R, 2018. Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance in bacteria from diseased animals in France in 2018: Summary Report of the RESAPATH network (resapath.anses.fr). Available online: https://www.anses.fr/fr/system/files/LABO‐Ra‐Resapath2018EN.pdf"", 
""WHO Regional Office for Europe and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) , 2021. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Europe, 2020 data. Available online: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Surveillance‐antimicrobial‐resistance‐in‐Europe‐2020.pdf"", ""Ribeiro LF, Barbosa MMC, Pinto FR, Lavezzo LF, Rossi GAM, Almeida HMS and Amaral LA, 2019. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in raw milk, water, and cattle feces in non‐technified dairy farms. Ciência Animal Brasileira, 20, e–47449. https://doi.org/10.1590/1089‐6891v20e‐47449"", 
NA, ""Riley LW, 2020. Distinguishing pathovars from nonpathovars: Escherichia coli microbiology. Spectrum, 8. https://doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.AME‐0014‐2020"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Solà‐Ginés M, Cameron‐Veas K, Badiola I, Dolz R, Majó N, Dahbi G, Viso S, Mora A, Blanco J, Piedra‐Carrasco N, González‐López JJ and Migura‐Garcia L, 2015. Diversity of multi‐drug resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causing outbreaks of colibacillosis in broilers during 2012 in Spain. PLoS One, 10, e0143191. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143191"", 
""Stromberg ZR, Johnson JR, Fairbrother JM, Kilbourne J, Van Goor A, Curtiss RR and Mellata M, 2017. Evaluation of Escherichia coli isolates from healthy chickens to determine their potential risk to poultry and human health. PLoS One, 12, e0180599. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180599"", NA, ""Swedish Veterinary Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring (SVARM) , 2019. Sales of antibiotics and occurrence of resistance in Sweden. Available online: https://www.sva.se/media/0hihej1c/swedres‐svarm‐2019.pdf"", 
""Swedish Veterinary Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring (SVARM) , 2020. Sales of antibiotics and occurrence of resistance in Sweden. Available online: https://www.sva.se/media/8d9678c390929e9/swedres_svarm_2020.pdf"", NA, NA, NA, ""The Center for Food Security & Public Health , 2021. Zoonotic Diseases of cattle. Available online: https://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Assets/zoonotic‐diseases‐of‐cattle‐table.pdf"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""UK‐VARSS , 2019. UK Veterinary Antibiotic Resistance and Sales Surveillance Report (UK‐VARSS 2018). Available online: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/909987/_1587146‐v23‐VARSS_2018_Report__2019_‐accessible.pdf"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""VKM , 2015. Assessment of the transfer of antimicrobial resistance between pets and humans in Norway. Opinion of the Panel on biological hazards of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety, ISBN: 978‐82‐8259‐183‐6, Oslo, Norway."", NA, NA, NA, ""Whitmer GR, Moorthy G and Arshad M, 2019. The pandemic Escherichia coli sequence type 131 strain is acquired even in the absence of antibiotic exposure. PLoS Path, 15, e1008162. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008162"", 
NA, NA, ""World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) , 2021. OIE list of antimicrobial agents of veterinary importance. Available online: https://www.oie.int/app/uploads/2021/06/a‐oie‐list‐antimicrobials‐june2021.pdf"", NA, NA, ""Zhou Z, Shen B and Bi D, 2020. Chapter 30 ‐ Management of pathogens in poultry. In: Bazer FW, Cliff Lamb G and Wu G (eds.), Animal Agriculture, Academic Press. pp. 515–530. ISBN 9780128170526. Available online: https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%2FB978‐0‐12‐817052‐6.00030‐6&data=05%7C01%7C%7C75bcbf862d2c4143133608da2859875f%7C406a174be31548bdaa0acdaddc44250b%7C1%7C0%7C637866662995623794%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=FFh%2FjLhihzDxsJmHEHtPCt4GHJBNhAA0NCV6FUxqHeg%3D&reserved=0https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128170526000306?via%3Dihub. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978‐0‐12‐817052‐6.00030‐6""
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""10.1186/1471-2180-6-99"", ""10.1590/S1517-83822008000100003"", ""10.1017/S0950268896007212"", ""10.3201/eid2108.141364"", ""10.1128/AEM.65.7.3233-3235.1999"", ""10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00095.x"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30828-5"", ""10.1128/IAI.67.3.1439-1444.1999"", ""10.1128/AEM.01221-10"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01115.x"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0055728"", ""10.1128/AEM.02587-10"", ""10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01161.x"", ""10.1128/genomeA.01569-14"", ""10.1097/00000478-199001000-00010"", ""10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80437-7"", 
""10.1098/rspb.2006.3575"", ""10.1038/srep36377"", ""10.2527/jas.2007-0550"", ""10.3389/fcimb.2015.00023"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05139.x"", ""10.1128/AEM.02363-12"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.07.026"", ""10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00138.x"", ""10.1017/S0950268816001588"", ""10.3390/toxins8030077"", ""10.1128/AEM.02242-06"", ""10.4014/jmb.0908.08007"", ""10.1016/S0021-9258(19)75706-8"", ""10.1371/journal.pntd.0003398"", ""10.1139/W10-051"", ""10.3201/eid1104.040833"", ""10.1177/104063879901100619"", ""10.1128/microbiolspec.EHEC-0003-2013"", 
""10.1128/IAI.68.7.3808-3814.2000"", ""10.1073/pnas.0503776103"", ""10.1017/S0950268805004590"", ""10.1073/pnas.1304978110"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2009.10.002"", ""10.1128/microbiolspec.EHEC-0024-2013"", ""10.1111/j.1472-765X.2009.02757.x"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0148518"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.016"", ""10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02293.x"", ""10.1089/fpd.2014.1829"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0151673"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0129174"", ""10.1128/IAI.71.3.1505-1512.2003"", ""10.1128/AEM.01736-06"", ""10.1099/mic.0.28060-0"", ""10.3389/fcimb.2012.00090"", 
""10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00108-6"", ""10.3390/toxins2122769"", ""10.1016/S0021-9258(18)82282-7"", ""10.1128/IAI.71.2.845-849.2003"", ""10.1111/j.1574-6968.2004.tb09495.x"", ""10.1128/AEM.69.5.2444-2447.2003"", ""10.1016/j.mcna.2013.04.001"", ""10.1128/AEM.71.4.2158-2161.2005"", ""10.1186/s12866-015-0478-5"", ""10.1186/1471-2180-9-276"", ""10.3109/00365548.2011.631936"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0083424"", ""10.1186/1471-2334-6-147"", ""10.1073/pnas.190329997"", ""10.3389/fcimb.2012.00138"", ""10.3201/eid1104.040739"", ""10.7589/0090-3558-37.4.755"", 
""10.1016/S0046-8177(88)80093-5"", ""10.1111/1469-0691.12646"", ""10.1056/NEJM198303243081203"", ""10.1098/rsif.2008.0183"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02390.x"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04277.x"", ""10.1128/JB.187.3.1001-1013.2005"", ""10.1155/1995/803560"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-72.2.241"", ""10.1186/s12859-015-0858-8"", ""10.1128/IAI.58.3.611-618.1990"", ""10.1128/JCM.00860-12"", ""10.3168/jds.2009-2549"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-206"", ""10.3390/toxins3060626"", ""10.1128/IAI.05869-11"", ""10.1128/AEM.00099-06"", ""10.1128/IAI.00406-06"", 
""10.3389/fmicb.2011.00032"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.12.010"", ""10.1017/S095026881600008X"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-8-200"", ""10.1016/S0022-3476(86)80386-9"", ""10.7326/0003-4819-123-9-199511010-00009"", ""10.1089/fpd.2016.2213"", ""10.1017/S0950268802008208"", ""10.1093/clinids/20.1.1"", ""10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03094.x"", ""10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00231-3"", ""10.1001/jama.290.20.2709"", ""10.1128/AEM.00829-16"", ""10.1016/S0006-291X(88)80091-3"", ""10.1089/fpd.2009.0410"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0151284"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-72.8.1624"", 
""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-160"", ""10.1128/AEM.72.4.2621-2626.2006"", ""10.1056/NEJM200006293422601"", ""10.1016/j.chom.2015.09.013"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0098115"", ""10.1139/W10-077"", ""10.1111/jam.12250""), article.title = c(""Exposure patterns driving ebola transmission in West Africa: A retrospective observational study"", ""Association of Escherichia coli O157:H7 with houseflies on a cattle farm"", ""Vaccination with type III secreted proteins leads to decreased shedding in calves after experimental infection with Escherichia coli O157"", 
""Genetic characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) isolates from goat's milk and goat farm environment"", ""Action of shiga toxin type-2 and subtilase cytotoxin on human microvascular endothelial cells"", ""Effect of oral sodium chlorate administration on Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the gut of experimentally infected pigs"", ""Characterization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains isolated from supershedding cattle"", ""Long-haul transport and lack of preconditioning increases fecal shedding of Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O157:H7 by calves"", 
""Heterogeneity in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 fecal shedding in cattle is related to Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonization of the small and large intestine"", ""Effects of the transportation of beef cattle from the feedyard to the packing plant on prevalence levels of Escherichia coli O157 and Salmonella spp"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7: recent advances in research on occurrence, transmission, and control in cattle and the production environment"", ""Urothelial cultures support intracellular bacterial community formation by uropathogenic Escherichia coli"", 
""Characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from human patients in Germany over a 3-year period"", ""Association of Escherichia coli O157:H7 tir polymorphisms with human infection"", ""Environmental stressors influencing hormones and systems physiology in cattle"", ""Alteration of the glycolipid binding specificity of the pig edema toxin from globotetraosyl to globotriaosyl ceramide alters in vivo tissue targetting and results in a verotoxin 1-like disease in pigs"", ""Ascophyllum nodosum supplementation: a preharvest intervention for reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in feedlot steers"", 
""Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from house flies (Diptera: Muscidae) and dairy samples in North Central Florida1"", ""Sodium chlorate supplementation reduces E. coli O157:H7 populations in cattle"", ""Diet, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and cattle: a review after 10 years"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 populations in ruminants can be reduced by orange peel product feeding"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 populations in sheep can be reduced by chlorate supplementation"", ""Isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella from migratory brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater), common Grackles (Quiscalus quiscula), and cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis)"", 
""Meat Science and Muscle Biology Symposium: Ecological and dietary impactors of foodborne pathogens and methods to reduce fecal shedding in cattle"", ""Super-shedding and the link between human infection and livestock carriage of Escherichia coli O157"", ""Risk factors for the presence of high-level shedders of Escherichia coli O157 on Scottish farms"", ""Did I pick the right colony? Pitfalls in the study of regulation of the phase variable antigen 43 adhesin"", ""Herd-level risk factors associated with fecal shedding of Shiga toxin-encoding bacteria on dairy farms in Minnesota, USA"", 
""Rectoanal junction colonization of feedlot cattle by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and its association with supershedders and excretion dynamics"", ""Type III secretion systems and disease"", ""Beta-adrenoceptor profile of ractopamine HCl in isolated smooth and cardiac muscle tissues of rat and guinea-pig"", ""Major advances associated with environmental effects on dairy cattle"", ""Temporal variability and social heterogeneity in disease transmission: the case of SARS in Hong Kong"", ""Comparative analysis of super-shedder strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 reveals distinctive genomic features and a strongly aggregative adherent phenotype on bovine rectoanal junction squamous epithelial cells"", 
""Effect of dietary stress on fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in calves"", ""Experimental infection of calves and adult cattle with Escherichia coli O157:H7"", ""Grain feeding and the dissemination of acid-resistant Escherichia coli from cattle"", ""Stress factors during cattle slaughter"", ""Comparison of bacterial communities in faeces of beef cattle fed diets containing corn and wet distillers' grain with solubles"", ""Seasonal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ruminants: a new hypothesis"", 
""Effects of ractopamine HCl on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in vitro and on intestinal populations and fecal shedding in experimentally infected sheep and pigs"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7: animal reservoir and sources of human infection"", ""Dry-rolled or steam-flaked grain-based diets and fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157 in feedlot cattle"", ""Locus of enterocyte effacement: a pathogenicity island involved in the virulence of enteropathogenic and enterohemorragic Escherichia coli subjected to a complex network of gene regulation"", 
""Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreak associated with an improperly chlorinated swimming pool"", ""Bacterial type III secretion systems: specialized nanomachines for protein delivery into target cells"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef cattle presented for slaughter in the U.S.: higher prevalence rates than previously estimated"", ""Sheep as an important source of E. coli O157/O157:H7 in Turkey"", ""Ruminal bacterial community shifts in grain-, sugar-, and histidine-challenged dairy heifers"", ""Outbreak of escherichia coli O157: H7 infections after Petting Zoo visits, North Carolina State Fair, October-November 2004"", 
""Effect of preslaughter feeding system on weight loss, gut bacteria, and the physico-chemical properties of digesta in cattle"", ""Illnesses associated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. A broad clinical spectrum"", ""An investigation of factors associated with the prevalence of verocytotoxin producing Escherichia coli O157 shedding in Scottish beef cattle"", ""Fecal shedding in cattle inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and fed corn or wheat distillers' dried grain with solubles"", ""Herd-level risk factors associated with the presence of Phage type 21/28 E. coli O157 on Scottish cattle farms"", 
""The relation between Escherichia coli surface functional groups' composition and their physicochemical properties"", ""A longitudinal study of Escherichia coli O157 in fourteen cattle herds"", ""Escherichia coli O157 Outbreaks in the United States, 2003-2012"", ""Effect of cattle diet on Escherichia coli O157:H7 acid resistance"", ""Cytotoxic effect of Shiga toxin-1 on human glomerular epithelial cells"", ""Super-spreading events of MERS-CoV infection"", ""Responses of human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells to Shiga toxins 1 and 2 and pathogenesis of hemorrhagic colitis"", 
""Inclusion of dried or wet distillers' grains at different levels in diets of feedlot cattle affects fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7"", ""Feeding supplemental dried distiller's grains increases faecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157 in experimentally inoculated calves"", ""Evaluation of animal genetic and physiological factors that affect the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in cattle"", ""Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 shedding in cattle by addition of chitosan microparticles to feed"", 
""Characterizing the risk of infection from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in commercial passenger aircraft using quantitative microbial risk assessment"", ""Complete genome sequence of SS52, a strain of Escherichia coli O157:H7 recovered from supershedder cattle"", ""The colonic pathology of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection"", ""Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) transfers its receptor for intimate adherence into mammalian cells"", ""Host heterogeneity dominates West Nile virus transmission"", ""Essential oils and eugenols inhibit biofilm formation and the virulence of Escherichia coli O157:H7"", 
""Board-invited review: use of distillers by-products in the beef cattle feeding industry"", ""A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of pathogenic Escherichia coli of calves and the role of calves as reservoirs for human pathogenic E. coli"", ""Bovine recto-anal junction squamous epithelial (RSE) cell adhesion assay for studying Escherichia coli O157 adherence"", ""Differences in colonization and shedding patterns after oral challenge of cattle with three Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains"", 
""Escherichia coli O115 forms fewer attaching and effacing lesions in the ovine colon in the presence of E. coli O157:H7"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonization in small domestic ruminants"", ""Daily shedding dynamics of E. coli O157 in an Australian grass-fed beef herd"", ""Shiga toxins as multi-functional proteins: induction of host cellular stress responses, role in pathogenesis and therapeutic applications"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonization at the rectoanal junction of long-duration culture-positive cattle"", 
""A brief overview of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and its plasmid O157"", ""Identification of the carbohydrate receptor for Shiga toxin produced by Shigella dysenteriae type 1"", ""Using modelling to disentangle the relative contributions of zoonotic and anthroponotic transmission: the case of lassa fever"", ""Factors influencing the persistence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 lineages in feces from cattle fed grain versus grass hay diets"", ""Childhood hemolytic uremic syndrome, United Kingdom and Ireland"", ""Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 and other Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli in lambs at slaughter"", 
""Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli adhesins"", ""Ruminant gastrointestinal cell proliferation and clearance of Escherichia coli O157:H7"", ""Heterogeneous shedding of Escherichia coli O157 in cattle and its implications for control"", ""Super-shedding cattle and the transmission dynamics of Escherichia coli O157"", ""Predicting the public health benefit of vaccinating cattle against Escherichia coli O157"", ""Exploiting strain diversity to expose transmission heterogeneities and predict the impact of targeting supershedding"", 
""Shiga toxin (Stx) classification, structure, and function"", ""Occurrence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in faeces, skin and carcasses from sheep and goats in Ethiopia"", ""Colonization of beef cattle by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli during the first year of life: a cohort study"", ""Association between animal age and the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in a cohort of beef cattle"", ""Cattle, weather and water: mapping Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections in humans in England and Scotland"", 
""Perspectives on super-shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by cattle"", ""Comparative genomic analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated from super-shedder and low-shedder cattle"", ""Rumen microbiome from steers differing in feed efficiency"", ""Lymphoid follicle-dense mucosa at the terminal rectum is the principal site of colonization of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the bovine host"", ""Impact of the direct application of therapeutic agents to the terminal recta of experimentally colonized calves on Escherichia coli O157:H7 shedding"", 
""Escherichia coli O157 : H7 forms attaching and effacing lesions at the terminal rectum of cattle and colonization requires the LEE4 operon"", ""Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) pathogenesis"", ""Influence of age, sex and herd characteristics on the occurrence of Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 in Danish dairy farms"", ""Escherichia coli shiga toxin mechanisms of action in renal disease"", ""Endothelial heterogeneity in Shiga toxin receptors and responses"", ""Induction by sphingomyelinase of shiga toxin receptor and shiga toxin 2 sensitivity in human microvascular endothelial cells"", 
""Is the prevalence and shedding concentrations of E. coli O157 in beef cattle in Scotland seasonal?"", ""Concentration and prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in cattle feces at slaughter"", ""Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infections and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome"", ""Detection of Salmonella strains and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feces of small ruminants and their isolation with various media"", ""Ingested Salmonella enterica, Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes: transmission dynamics from adult house flies to their eggs and first filial (F1) generation adults"", 
""Temporal and spatial patterns of bovine Escherichia coli O157 prevalence and comparison of temporal changes in the patterns of phage types associated with bovine shedding and human E. coli O157 cases in Scotland between 1998-2000 and 2002-2004"", ""Transmission by super-spreading event of pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza during road and train travel"", ""Characterization of the core rumen microbiome in cattle during transition from forage to concentrate as well as during and after an acidotic challenge"", 
""A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany"", ""Cattle lack vascular receptors for Escherichia coli O157:H7 Shiga toxins"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7-Clinical aspects and novel treatment approaches"", ""Epidemiology of Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreaks, United States, 1982-2002"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 in free-ranging deer in Nebraska"", ""The histopathology of the hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli infections"", 
""Pandemic lineages of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli"", ""Hemorrhagic colitis associated with a rare Escherichia coli serotype"", ""Quantifying within- and between-animal variation and uncertainty associated with counts of Escherichia coli O157 occurring in naturally infected cattle faeces"", ""Intermittent and persistent shedding of Escherichia coli O157 in cohorts of naturally infected calves"", ""Co-ordinate single-cell expression of LEE4- and LEE5-encoded proteins of Escherichia coli O157:H7"", 
""Combined inactivation and expression strategy to study gene function under physiological conditions: application to identification of new Escherichia coli adhesins"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7, other verotoxin-producing E coli and the hemolytic uremic syndrome in childhood"", ""Oral and rectal administration of bacteriophages for control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feedlot cattle"", ""Stochastic neutral modelling of the Gut Microbiota's relative species abundance from next generation sequencing data"", 
""Comparison of the glycolipid receptor specificities of Shiga-like toxin type II and Shiga-like toxin type II variants"", ""Multicenter evaluation of a sequence-based protocol for subtyping Shiga toxins and standardizing Stx nomenclature"", ""Invited review: the use of distillers products in dairy cattle diets"", ""Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica in air and droplets at three U.S. commercial beef processing plants"", ""Shiga toxin interaction with human intestinal epithelium"", 
""Correlating levels of type III secretion and secreted proteins with fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in cattle"", ""Application of bacteriophages to control intestinal Escherichia coli O157:H7 levels in ruminants"", ""Role of Escherichia coli O157:H7 virulence factors in colonization at the bovine terminal rectal mucosa"", ""Internalization of Escherichia coli o157:h7 by bovine rectal epithelial cells"", ""Longitudinal study to investigate VTEC O157 shedding patterns in young cattle"", ""A longitudinal study of risk factors for shedding of VTEC O157 by young cattle in herds with known E. coli O157 carriage"", 
""Genetically similar strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated from sheep, cattle and human patients"", ""Hemolytic uremic syndrome and diarrhea associated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a day care center"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection in humans"", ""Efficacy of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 SRP vaccine in orally challenged goats and strain persistence over time"", ""Factors influencing the shedding of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 by beef suckler cows"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7: clinical, diagnostic, and epidemiological aspects of human infection"", 
""Characterization of Cah, a calcium-binding and heat-extractable autotransporter protein of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli"", ""Chitosan microparticles for oral vaccination: preparation, characterization and preliminary in vivo uptake studies in murine Peyer's patches"", ""An outbreak of Escherichia coli O157 infection following exposure to a contaminated building"", ""Factors associated with shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli shedding by dairy and beef cattle"", ""Globotriosyl ceramide is specifically recognized by the Escherichia coli verocytotoxin 2"", 
""Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in gut contents of beef cattle at slaughter"", ""Comparative transcriptomic analysis of rectal tissue from beef steers revealed reduced host immunity in Escherichia coli O157:H7 super-shedders"", ""Prevalence and level of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feces and on hides of feedlot steers fed diets with or without wet distillers grains with solubles"", ""Impact of reducing the level of wet distillers grains fed to cattle prior to harvest on prevalence and levels of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feces and on hides"", 
""Clonal dissemination of Escherichia coli O157:H7 subtypes among dairy farms in northeast Ohio"", ""The risk of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome after antibiotic treatment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections"", ""MERS, SARS, and Ebola: the role of super-spreaders in infectious disease"", ""Escherichia coli O157:H7 super-shedder and non-shedder feedlot steers harbour distinct fecal bacterial communities"", ""Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ruminal or fecal contents incubated with corn or wheat dried distillers' grains with solubles"", 
""Correlation analysis of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli shedding and faecal bacterial composition in beef cattle""), volume = c(""13"", ""70"", ""75"", ""236"", ""8"", ""71"", ""79"", ""67"", ""54"", ""65"", ""60"", ""77"", ""42"", ""7"", ""12"", ""177"", ""67"", NA, ""80"", ""11"", ""74"", ""66"", ""11"", ""92"", ""6"", ""45"", ""8"", ""54"", ""73"", ""20"", ""43"", ""89"", ""5"", ""10"", ""64"", ""61"", ""281"", ""3"", ""55"", ""3"", ""53"", ""8"", ""85"", ""2015"", ""29"", ""68"", ""97"", ""172"", ""97"", ""163"", ""43"", ""109"", ""174"", ""76"", ""6"", ""39"", ""118"", ""21"", ""65"", ""57"", ""388"", 
""67"", ""76"", ""55"", ""8"", ""77"", ""29"", ""3"", ""14"", ""91"", ""273"", ""6"", ""86"", ""5"", ""111"", ""78"", ""93"", ""33"", ""144"", ""8"", ""73"", ""20"", ""262"", ""9"", ""56"", ""11"", ""11"", ""2"", ""68"", ""103"", ""134"", ""110"", ""1"", ""2"", ""50"", ""11"", ""175"", ""12"", ""12"", ""11"", ""10"", ""71"", ""73"", ""151"", ""2"", ""88"", ""2"", ""268"", ""71"", ""233"", ""69"", ""97"", ""71"", ""15"", ""9"", ""44"", ""8"", ""6"", ""97"", ""2"", ""11"", ""37"", ""19"", ""20"", ""308"", ""6"", ""97"", ""54"", ""187"", ""6"", ""72"", ""17"", ""58"", ""50"", ""92"", ""75"", ""3"", ""80"", ""72"", ""74"", ""2"", ""88"", ""144"", ""8"", ""109"", ""123"", 
""14"", ""130"", ""20"", ""45"", ""22"", ""290"", ""82"", ""152"", ""7"", ""11"", ""72"", ""74"", ""72"", ""342"", ""18"", ""9"", ""56"", ""115""), author = c(""Agua-Agum"", ""Alam"", ""Allen"", ""Alvarez-Suarez"", ""Amaral"", ""Anderson"", ""Arthur"", ""Bach"", ""Baines"", ""Barham"", ""Berry"", ""Berry"", ""Beutin"", ""Bono"", ""Bova"", ""Boyd"", ""Braden"", ""Burrus"", ""Callaway"", ""Callaway"", ""Callaway"", ""Callaway"", ""Callaway"", ""Callaway"", ""Chase-Topping"", ""Chase-Topping"", ""Chauhan"", ""Cho"", ""Cobbold"", ""Coburn"", ""Colbert"", ""Collier"", ""Cori"", ""Cote"", ""Cray"", ""Cray"", 
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""The foot-and-mouth disease carrier state divergence in cattle"", ""Infection dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease virus in cattle following intranasopharyngeal inoculation or contact exposure"", ""Transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus during the incubation period in pigs"", ""Relationship between clinical signs and transmission of an infectious disease and the implications for control"", ""Foot-and-mouth disease infection dynamics in contact-exposed pigs are determined by the estimated exposure dose"", 
""A partial deletion in non-structural protein 3A can attenuate foot-and-mouth disease virus in cattle"", ""Pathogenesis of primary foot-and-mouth disease virus infection in the nasopharynx of vaccinated and non-vaccinated cattle"", NA, ""Rate of foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission by carriers quantified from experimental data"", ""Lack of transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus from persistently infected cattle to naïve cattle under field conditions in Vietnam"", ""Virus excretion from foot-and-mouth disease virus carrier cattle and their potential role in causing new outbreaks"", 
""Dexamethasone inhibits virus production and the secretory IgA response in oesophageal-pharyngeal fluid in cattle persistently infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Foot and mouth disease virus transmission during the incubation period of the disease in piglets, lambs, calves, and dairy cows"", ""Identification of factors associated with increased excretion of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Dose-response relationships for foot and mouth disease in cattle and sheep"", ""Infection dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs using two novel simulated-natural inoculation methods"", 
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""The pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease I: viral pathways in cattle"", ""Destructive tension: mathematics versus experience – the progress and control of the 2001 foot and mouth disease epidemic in Great Britain"", ""Epidemiological characteristics and financial costs of the 1997 foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in Taiwan"", ""The foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in The Netherlands in 2001"", NA, ""Comparing control strategies against foot-and-mouth disease: will vaccination be cost-effective in Denmark?"", 
""Decisions on control of foot-and-mouth disease informed using model predictions"", ""A simulation model of intraherd transmission of foot and mouth disease with reference to disease spread before and after clinical diagnosis"", ""Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease I: epidemiological consequences"", ""A decision-tree to optimise control measures during the early stage of a foot-and-mouth disease epidemic"", ""Early dissemination of foot-and-mouth disease virus through sheep marketing in February 2001"", 
""Descriptive epidemiology of the 2001 foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in Great Britain: the first five months"", ""Relationship between clinical signs and transmission of an infectious disease and the implications for control"", ""Foot and mouth disease virus transmission during the incubation period of the disease in piglets, lambs, calves, and dairy cows"", ""Foot and mouth disease virus transmission among vaccinated pigs after exposure to virus shedding pigs"", ""The effect of vaccination on foot and mouth disease virus transmission among dairy cows"", 
""Quantification of foot and mouth disease virus excretion and transmission within groups of lambs with and without vaccination"", ""Vaccination against foot and mouth disease reduces virus transmission in groups of calves"", ""Evaluation of infectivity, virulence and transmission of FDMV field strains of serotypes O and A isolated in 2010 from outbreaks in the Republic of Korea"", ""Direct contact transmission of three different foot-and-mouth disease virus strains in swine demonstrates important strain-specific differences"", 
""Reduction of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus load in nasal excretions, saliva and exhaled air of vaccinated pigs following direct contact challenge"", ""Determinants of early foot-and-mouth disease virus dynamics in pigs"", ""Influence of exposure intensity on the efficiency and speed of transmission of Foot-and-mouth disease"", ""Quantification of within- and between-pen transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs"", ""Studies of quantitative parameters of virus excretion and transmission in pigs and cattle experimentally infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus"", 
""Evaluation of infectivity and transmission of different Asian foot-and-mouth disease viruses in swine"", ""Infection dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs using two novel simulated-natural inoculation methods"", ""Early events in the pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease in pigs; identification of oropharyngeal tonsils as sites of primary and sustained viral replication"", ""Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus RNA and capsid protein in lymphoid tissues of convalescent pigs does not indicate existence of a carrier state"", 
""Role of nonstructural proteins 3A and 3B in host range and pathogenicity of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Use of a portable real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""The early pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle after aerosol inoculation: identification of the nasopharynx as the primary site of infection"", ""Early events in the pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle after controlled aerosol exposure"", 
""A continuous bovine kidney cell line constitutively expressing bovine alphavbeta6 integrin has increased susceptibility to foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""A continuous bovine kidney cell line for routine assays of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Nonparametric-estimation from incomplete observations"", ""A class of rank test procedures for censored survival-data"", NA, ""Quantitative aspects of the spread of foot and mouth disease"", ""The pathogenesis and diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease"", ""Relative risks of the uncontrollable (airborne) spread of FMD by different species"", 
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NA, ""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00030-6"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.07.017"", ""10.1016/0378-1135(83)90048-2"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(02)00004-1"", ""10.1136/vr.e1777"", NA, ""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00084-7"", ""10.1177/030098589002700404"", ""10.1136/vr.102049""), article.title = c(NA, ""Considerations on BVDV eradication for the Irish livestock industry"", ""Influence of category, herd size, grazing and management on epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhoea in dairy herds"", ""Indications of a relationship between buying-in policy and infectious diseases on dairy farms in Wales"", 
""Experiences from the Danish programme for eradication of bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) 1994-1998 with special reference to legislation and causes of infection"", ""An outbreak of late-term abortions, premature births, and congenital deformities associated with a bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 subtype b that induces thrombocytopenia"", ""Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotypes and antibody against those viral genotypes in fetal bovine serum"", ""Distribution of bovine virus diarrhoea virus in tissues and white blood cells of cattle during acute infection"", 
""Genetic and antigenic variability in bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) isolates from Belgium"", NA, ""Epidemiological modelling of infectious disease in animals: bovine virus diarrhoea in Danish dairy herds"", NA, ""Clinical features"", ""Quantitative assessment of the risk of introduction of bovineviral diarrhea virus in Danish dairy herds"", ""Evaluation of temporal surveillance system sensitivity and freedom from bovine viral diarrhea in Danish dairy herds using scenario tree modelling"", ""Quantification of economic losses consecutive to infection of a dairy herd with bovine viral diarrhoea virus"", 
""Relative associations of cattle movements, local spread, and biosecurity with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) seropositivity in beef and dairy herds"", ""Not all cows are epidemiologically equal: quantifying the risks of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) transmission through cattle movements"", ""Herd-level factors associated with the presence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in herds participating in the voluntary phase of the Irish national eradication programme"", ""Development and review of the voluntary phase of a national BVD eradication programme in Ireland"", 
NA, ""Risk assessment"", ""Test strategies in bovine viral diarrhoea virus control and eradication campaigns in Europe"", ""Epidemiology of bovine virus diarrhoea virus"", ""Epidemiological features and economical importance of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections"", ""Economic impact of BVDV infection in dairies"", ""Experiences from BVDV control in Sweden"", ""Prevalence of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus in bulk tank milk and associated risk factors in Scottish dairy herds"", NA, ""Description and first results of a BVDV control scheme in Brittany (western France)"", 
""Seroprevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus in Hungary- situation before lanching an eradication campaign"", ""Monitoring of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) infection in Polish dairy herds using bulk tank milk samples"", ""Relationship between biosecurity and production/antimicrobial treatment characteristics in pig herds"", ""Incidence of BVDV1 and BVDV2 infections in cattle submitted for necropsy in Northern Germany"", ""Principles for eradication of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections in cattle populations"", 
""Characteristics in the epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) of relevance to control"", ""The control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in Europe: today and in the future"", ""Bovine viral diarrhoea virus infections and its control"", ""Diagnostic assays applied in BVDV control in the Netherlands"", ""Production of cattle immunotolerant to bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""Increased reproductive losses in cattle infectious with bovine viral diarrhea virus infection around the time of insemination"", 
""BVDV eradication will become mandatory for all German states as from 2011"", NA, ""Prevalence and epidemiological features of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in Lithuania"", ""Clinical consequences of a bovine virus diarrhea virus-infection in a dairy-herd – a longitudinal-study"", ""Relationship between the levels of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus in bulk tank milk and the prevalence of cows exposed to the virus"", ""Estimated BVDV-prevalence, –contact and –vaccine use in dairy herds in northern Portugal"", 
""Estimation of the probability of freedom from bovine virus diarrhoea virus in Norway using scenario tree modelling"", ""Prevalence and geographic distribution of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) infection in Finland 1993-1997"", ""BVDV infection risk in the course of the volutary BVDV eradication program in Strya/Austria"", NA, ""Immunology of bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""BVD eradication in Switzerland – a new approach"", ""Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) eradication in Switzerland −experiences of the first two years"", 
""Bovine viral diarrhoea virus control in Finland 1998-2004"", ""Voluntary and compulsory eradication of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in Lower Austria"", ""Surveillance of cattle health in the Netherlands: monitoring trends and developments using routinely collected cattle census data"", ""Virulence comparison and quantification of horizontal bovine viral diarrhoea virus transmission following experimental infection in calves"", ""Predicted costs and benefits of eradicating BVDV from Ireland"", ""Viral dose and immunosuppression modulate the progression of acute BVDV-1 infection in calves: evidence of long term persistence after intra-Nasal infection"", 
""Investigation to the specificity of positive BVDV results in ear notch samples: review on the five-year-old experience in the autonomous province of Bolzano (Italy)"", ""Factors associated with being a bovine-virus diarrhoea (BVD) seropositive dairy herd in the More and Romsdal County of Norway"", ""Ten years of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) control in Norway: a cost-benefit analysis"", ""Congenital infections with nonarbo togavirusses"", ""Probability of and risk factors for introduction of infectious diseases into Dutch SPF dairy farms: a cohort study"", 
""Working together to eradicate BVD in Scotland"", NA, ""Influence of new infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus on udder health in Norwegian dairy cows"", ""Experimental primary postnatal bovine viral diarrhoea viral infections in six-month old calves"", ""Risk factors associated with high bulk milk antibody levels to common pathogens in UK dairies""), volume = c(NA, ""64"", ""82"", ""167"", ""77"", ""22"", ""10"", ""64"", ""85"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""116"", NA, ""72"", ""112"", NA, ""112"", ""174"", NA, NA, ""18"", ""11"", ""64"", 
""31"", ""72"", ""171"", NA, ""72"", ""63"", ""57"", ""198"", ""53"", ""64"", ""72"", ""25"", ""25"", ""72"", ""48"", ""133"", NA, NA, ""99"", ""16"", ""133"", ""72"", ""116"", NA, ""72"", NA, ""11"", ""142"", ""99"", ""72"", ""142"", ""134"", ""202"", ""65"", NA, ""125"", ""40"", ""72"", ""8"", ""54"", ""170"", NA, ""43"", ""27"", ""174""), journal.title = c(NA, ""Irish Vet. J."", ""Acta Vet. Brno"", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Mic."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Vet. Mic."", ""Virus Res."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""BVC Vet. Res."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", 
""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, NA, ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Vet. Clin. North. Am. Food. Anim. Pract."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Biologicals"", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Acta Vet. Hung."", ""Bull. the Vet. Inst. Pulawy"", ""Vet. J."", ""J. Vet. Med. B. Infect. Dis. Vet. Public Health"", ""Vet. Mic."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Rev. Scient. Tech."", ""Rev. Vet. Q."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Can. J. Comp. Med."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, NA, ""Vet. Mic."", ""Vet. Q."", ""Vet. Rec."", 
""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Mic."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, ""Vet. Clinics North Am. –Food Anim. Pract."", ""Vet. Mic."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Mic."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. J."", ""Irish Vet. J."", ""PLoS One"", ""Berl. Munchener Tierartz Wochenschr."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Mic."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Pathol."", ""Vet. Rec.""))","S0167587717300065",NA,"en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/501100004725"", name = ""Ministry of Economic Affairs"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", id.id = ""10.13039/501100004725"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = ""2017-10-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""A quantitative risk-analysis for introduction of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus in the Netherlands through cattle imports"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.08.003"", ""article"", ""© 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", ""Journal Title"", ""CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"", 
""Content Type"", ""Copyright""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Santman-Berends","2017","Santman-Berends et al., 2017"
"Viruses","2014-06-06","2024-06-02",NA,"10.3390/v6062287","2025-06-12","1999-4915","6","2014-06-06","1968","2287-2327","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","259","259","169","Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection of Small Ruminants: A Comprehensive Review","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/v6062287","6","<jats:p>Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is caused by a Morbillivirus that belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae. PPR is an acute, highly contagious and fatal disease primarily affecting goats and sheep, whereas cattle undergo sub-clinical infection. With morbidity and mortality rates that can be as high as 90%, PPR is classified as an OIE (Office International des Epizooties)-listed disease. Considering the importance of sheep and goats in the livelihood of the poor and marginal farmers in Africa and South Asia, PPR is an important concern for food security and poverty alleviation. PPR virus (PPRV) and rinderpest virus (RPV) are closely related Morbilliviruses. Rinderpest has been globally eradicated by mass vaccination. Though a live attenuated vaccine is available against PPR for immunoprophylaxis, due to its instability in subtropical climate (thermo-sensitivity), unavailability of required doses and insufficient coverage (herd immunity), the disease control program has not been a great success. Further, emerging evidence of poor cross neutralization between vaccine strain and PPRV strains currently circulating in the field has raised concerns about the protective efficacy of the existing PPR vaccines. This review summarizes the recent advancement in PPRV replication, its pathogenesis, immune response to vaccine and disease control. Attempts have also been made to highlight the current trends in understanding the host susceptibility and resistance to PPR.</jats:p>","Viruses","list(given = c(""Naveen"", ""Sunil"", ""Sudhir"", ""Shoor"", ""Shalini"", ""Kundan"", ""Hinh""), family = c(""Kumar"", ""Maherchandani"", ""Kashyap"", ""Singh"", ""Sharma"", ""Chaubey"", ""Ly""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Virology Laboratory, Division of Animal Health, Central Institute for Research on Goats,  Makhdoom, P.O. Farah, Mathura, UP 281122, India"", ""Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, Rajasthan 334001, India"", 
""Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, Rajasthan 334001, India"", ""Virology Laboratory, Division of Animal Health, Central Institute for Research on Goats,  Makhdoom, P.O. Farah, Mathura, UP 281122, India"", ""Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India"", ""Virology Laboratory, Division of Animal Health, Central Institute for Research on Goats,  Makhdoom, P.O. Farah, Mathura, UP 281122, India"", 
""Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Ave.,  Ste 295, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA""), ORCID = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5940-4638"", NA), authenticated.orcid = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, FALSE, NA))","list(URL = ""https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/6/6/2287/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref_1"", ""ref_2"", ""ref_3"", ""ref_4"", ""ref_5"", ""ref_6"", ""ref_7"", ""ref_8"", ""ref_9"", ""ref_10"", ""ref_11"", ""ref_12"", ""ref_13"", ""ref_14"", ""ref_15"", ""ref_16"", ""ref_17"", ""ref_18"", ""ref_19"", ""ref_20"", ""ref_21"", ""ref_22"", ""ref_23"", ""ref_24"", ""ref_25"", ""ref_26"", ""ref_27"", ""ref_28"", ""ref_29"", ""ref_30"", ""ref_31"", ""ref_32"", ""ref_33"", ""ref_34"", ""ref_35"", ""ref_36"", ""ref_37"", ""ref_38"", ""ref_39"", ""ref_40"", ""ref_41"", ""ref_42"", ""ref_43"", ""ref_44"", ""ref_45"", ""ref_46"", ""ref_47"", ""ref_48"", ""ref_49"", ""ref_50"", 
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""72"", ""98"", ""2818"", ""5553"", ""9880"", ""301"", ""13"", ""1907"", ""37""), article.title = c(""La peste des petits ruminants"", NA, ""Classification of peste des petits ruminants virus as the fourth member of the genus morbillivirus"", ""Feline Morbillivirus, a previously undescribed Paramyxovirus associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis in domestic cats"", ""Adaptation of the virus of peste des petits ruminants virus to tissue cultures"", ""Note sur la structure du virus de la peste des petits ruminants"", NA, ""Possible control and eradication of peste des petits ruminants from India: Technical aspects"", 
""The detection of antibody against peste des petits ruminants virus in sheep, goats, cattle and buffaloes"", ""Protection of goats against peste des Petits Ruminants with attenuated rinderpest virus"", ""The detection of antibodies against peste des petits ruminants virus in cattle, sheep and goats and the possible implications to rinderpest control programmes"", ""Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection; its association with species, seasonal variations and geography"", NA, ""Peste des petits ruminants of sheep in India"", 
""Peste des petits ruminants has been widely present in southern India since, if not before, the late 1980s"", ""Control of peste des petits ruminants and poverty alleviation?"", ""Differentiation of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses using specific cDNA clones"", ""Investigation of a new pathological condition of camels in Ethiopia"", ""Isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from an outbreak in Indian buffalo (bubalus bubalis)"", NA, NA, NA, ""Reverse genetics for peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV): Promoter and protein specificities"", 
""Full genome sequence of peste des petits ruminants virus, a member of the Morbillivirus genus"", ""Matrix protein and glycoproteins F and H of peste des petits ruminants virus function better as a homologous complex"", ""The fusion core complex of the Peste des petits ruminants virus is a six-helix bundle assembly"", ""Cloning and expression of the nucleoprotein of Peste des petits ruminants virus in baculovirus for use in serological diagnosis"", ""Comparison of proteins induced in cells infected with rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses"", 
NA, ""Identification of a cytotoxic T-cell epitope on the recombinant nucleocapsid proteins of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses presented as assembled nucleocapsids"", ""Domains of the Measles virus N protein required for binding to P protein and self-assembly"", ""Phosphoprotein of the rinderpest virus forms a tetramer through a coiled coil region important for biological function. A structural insight"", ""Sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein gene of peste des petits ruminants virus of Chinese origin"", 
""Sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein gene of peste des petits ruminants (PPRV) virus: Editing of the gene transcript"", ""Comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein gene of peste des petits ruminants vaccine virus of Indian origin"", ""Cellular casein kinase II-mediated phosphorylation of rinderpest virus P protein is a prerequisite for its role in replication/transcription of the genome"", ""Crystal structure of the Measles virus phosphoprotein domain responsible for the induced folding of the C-terminal domain of the nucleoprotein"", 
""Complexes of sendai virus NP-P and P-L proteins are required for defective interfering particle genome replication in vitro"", ""Expression, purification and characterization of two truncated peste des petits ruminants virus matrix proteins in Escherichia coli, and production of polyclonal antibodies against this protein"", ""The matrix protein gene sequence analysis reveals close relationship between peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and dolphin Morbillivirus"", ""Analysis of the matrix protein gene sequence of the Asian lineage of peste des petits ruminants vaccine virus"", 
""Nucleocapsid incorporation into parainfluenza virus is regulated by specific interaction with matrix protein"", ""Mapping the peste des petits ruminants virus nucleoprotein: Identification of two domains involved in protein self-association"", ""Polarized glycoprotein targeting affects the spread of Measles virus in vitro and in vivo"", ""Inefficient Measles virus budding in murine CD46 fibroblasts"", ""Polarized budding of Measles virus is not determined by viral surface glycoproteins"", ""Importance of the cytoplasmic tails of the Measles virus glycoproteins for fusogenic activity and the generation of recombinant Measles viruses"", 
""The fusion protein of Peste des petits ruminants virus mediates biological fusion in the absence of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein"", ""Identification of biological activities of paramyxovirus glycoproteins. Activation of cell fusion, hemolysis, and infectivity of proteolytic cleavage of an inactive precursor protein of sendai virus"", ""Intracellular processing of the Newcastle disease virus fusion glycoprotein"", ""Probing the spatial organization of Measles virus fusion complexes"", ""Engineered serine protease inhibitor prevents furin-catalyzed activation of the fusion glycoprotein and production of infectious Measles virus"", 
""Canine distemper virus and Measles virus fusion glycoprotein trimers: Partial membrane-proximal ectodomain cleavage enhances function"", ""Membrane penetration of sendai virus glycoproteins during the early stages of fusion with liposomes as determined by hydrophobic photoaffinity labeling"", ""Studies on the fusion peptide of a Paramyxovirus fusion glycoprotein: Roles of conserved residues in cell fusion"", ""A leucine zipper structure present in the Measles virus fusion protein is not required for its tetramerization but is essential for fusion"", 
""Mutations in the fusion peptide and heptad repeat regions of the Newcastle disease virus fusion protein block fusion"", ""Interaction of fluorescently labeled analogues of the amino-terminal fusion peptide of Sendai virus with phospholipid membranes"", ""Mutational analysis of the leucine zipper motif in the Newcastle disease virus fusion protein"", ""The Measles virus fusion protein transmembrane region modulates availability of an active glycoprotein complex and fusion efficiency"", ""Reversible inhibition of the fusion activity of Measles virus F protein by an engineered intersubunit disulfide bridge"", 
""Virus membrane fusion proteins: Biological machines that undergo a metamorphosis"", ""Virus-cell and cell-cell fusion"", ""Heptad-repeat regions of respiratory syncytial virus F1 protein form a six-membered coiled-coil complex"", ""N-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-phenylacetamide, an effective inhibitor of Morbillivirus-induced membrane fusion with low cytotoxicity"", ""The nucleotide sequence of the fusion protein gene of the peste des petits ruminants virus: The long untranslated region in the 5'-end of the F-protein gene of Morbilliviruses seems to be specific to each virus"", 
""Characterization of a cleavage mutant of the Measles virus fusion protein defective in syncytium formation"", NA, ""Base of the Measles virus fusion trimer head receives the signal that triggers membrane fusion"", ""Conserved leucine residue in the head region of Morbillivirus fusion protein regulates the large conformational change during fusion activity"", ""The fusion protein of Peste des petits ruminants virus is a hemolysin"", ""Membrane fusion-mediated autophagy induction enhances morbillivirus cell-to-cell spread"", 
""Sequence and structure alignment of Paramyxoviridae attachment proteins and discovery of enzymatic activity for a Morbillivirus hemagglutinin"", ""Development and characterization of a stable vero cell line constitutively expressing peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) hemagglutinin protein and its potential use as antigen in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serosurveillance of PPRV"", ""Morbillivirus downregulation of CD46"", ""Identification of two amino acids in the hemagglutinin glycoprotein of Measles virus (MV) that govern hemadsorption, Hela cell fusion, and CD46 downregulation: Phenotypic markers that differentiate vaccine and wild-type MV strains"", 
""Isolation, identification and characterization of a peste des petits ruminants virus from an outbreak in Nanakpur, India"", ""Role of a highly conserved N-terminal domain of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 RNA polymerase"", ""Identification of a single amino acid change in the human respiratory syncytial virus L protein that affects transcriptional termination"", ""Measles virus L protein evidences elements of ancestral RNA polymerase"", ""Measles virus P gene codes for two proteins"", ""Rinderpest virus C and V proteins interact with the major (L) component of the viral polymerase"", 
""Nonstructural C protein is required for efficient Measles virus replication in human peripheral blood cells"", ""Rinderpest viruses lacking the C and V proteins show specific defects in growth and transcription of viral RNAs"", ""V and C proteins of Measles virus function as virulence factors in vivo"", ""Measles virus non-structural C protein modulates viral RNA polymerase activity by interacting with host protein SHCBP1"", ""The rinderpest virus non-structural C protein blocks the induction of type 1 interferon"", 
""Different functions of the common P/V/W and V-specific domains of rinderpest virus V protein in blocking IFN signalling"", ""Expression of Measles virus V protein is associated with pathogenicity and control of viral RNA synthesis"", NA, ""Relationship between the level of signaling lymphocyte activation molecule and replication of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of host animals"", ""Monkey CV1 cell line expressing the sheep-goat SLAM protein: A highly sensitive cell line for the isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from pathological specimens"", 
NA, ""Tumor cell marker PVRl4 (Nectin-4) is an epithelial cell receptor for Measles virus"", ""Measles virus infects both polarized epithelial and immune cells by using distinctive receptor-binding sites on its hemagglutinin"", ""Measles virus blind to its epithelial cell receptor remains virulent in rhesus monkeys but cannot cross the airway epithelium and is not shed"", ""Morbillivirus receptors and tropism: Multiple pathways for infection"", ""SLAM (CD150)-independent Measles virus entry as revealed by recombinant virus expressing green fluorescent protein"", 
""Host range and receptor utilization of canine distemper virus analyzed by recombinant viruses: Involvement of heparin-like molecule in CDV infection"", ""Selection of initiation sites by eucaryotic ribosomes: Effect of inserting AUG triplets upstream from the coding sequence for preproinsulin"", ""Recombinant Measles viruses defective for RNA editing and V protein synthesis are viable in cultured cells"", ""RNA editing enzyme adenosine deaminase is a restriction factor for controlling Measles virus replication that also is required for embryogenesis"", 
""The V protein of canine distemper virus is required for virus replication in human epithelial cells"", ""Genetic analysis of the central untranslated genome region and the proximal coding part of the F gene of wild-type and vaccine canine distemper morbilliviruses"", ""The role of the 5' nontranslated regions of the fusion protein mRNAs of canine distemper virus and rinderpest virus"", ""Elements in the canine distemper virus m 3' UTR contribute to control of replication efficiency and virulence"", ""Expression of a non-coding RNA in Ectromelia virus is required for normal plaque formation"", 
""Japanese encephalitis virus non-coding RNA inhibits activation of interferon by blocking nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory factor 3"", ""Modulation of innate immunity system by Epstein-Barr virus-encoded non-coding RNA and oncogenesis"", ""A non-coding RNA of insect HzNV-1 virus establishes latent viral infection through microRNA"", ""Gene rearrangement attenuates expression and lethality of a nonsegmented negative strand RNA virus"", ""Identification of a novel tripartite complex involved in replication of vesicular stomatitis virus genome RNA"", 
""Viral DNA polymerase scanning and the gymnastics of sendai virus RNA synthesis"", ""Paramyxovirus assembly and budding: Building particles that transmit infections"", ""Temperature-sensitive phenotype of a mutant Sendai virus strain is caused by its insufficient accumulation of the M protein"", ""Studies on the role of M protein in virus assembly using a ts mutant of HVJ (sendai virus)"", ""The matrix protein of Measles virus regulates viral RNA synthesis and assembly by interacting with the nucleocapsid protein"", 
""Measles virus assembly within membrane rafts"", ""Molecular mechanisms driving respiratory syncytial virus assembly"", ""The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: Update on Toll-like receptors"", ""Viruses and Toll-like receptors"", ""Toll like receptors and viruses"", ""Differential roles of MDA5 and RIG-I helicases in the recognition of RNA viruses"", ""Inflammasome recognition of influenza virus is essential for adaptive immune responses"", ""Interferons and viruses: An interplay between induction, signalling, antiviral responses and virus countermeasures"", 
""Mechanisms of Type-I- and Type-II-interferon-mediated signalling"", ""Early changes in cytokine expression in peste des petits ruminants disease"", ""Examination of epithelial tissue cytokine response to natural peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection in sheep and goats by immunohistochemistry"", ""Inhibition of IFN-alpha/beta signaling by two discrete peptides within measles virus V protein that specifically bind STAT1 and STAT2"", ""Regulation of interferon signaling by the C and V proteins from attenuated and wild-type strains of measles virus"", 
""STAT2 is a primary target for measles virus V protein-mediated alpha/beta interferon signaling inhibition"", ""Measles virus v protein blocks JAK1-mediated phosphorylation of STAT1 to escape IFN-alpha/beta signaling"", ""Rinderpest virus blocks Type I and Type II interferon action: Role of structural and nonstructural proteins"", ""Dissection of measles virus V protein in relation to its ability to block alpha/beta interferon signal transduction"", ""STAT protein interference and suppression of cytokine signal transduction by measles virus V protein"", 
""Measles virus V protein blocks interferon (IFN)-alpha/beta but not IFN-gamma signaling by inhibiting STAT1 and STAT2 phosphorylation"", ""Morbillivirus v proteins exhibit multiple mechanisms to block Type 1 and Type 2 interferon signalling pathways"", ""Immunogenic and protective properties of haemagglutinin protein (H) of rinderpest virus expressed by a recombinant baculovirus"", ""Characterization of membrane-bound and membrane anchor-less forms of hemagglutinin glycoprotein of rinderpest virus expressed by baculovirus recombinants"", 
""Mapping of T-helper epitopes of rinderpest virus hemagglutinin protein"", ""Immune responses during Measles virus infection"", NA, ""Protection of cattle against rinderpest and lumpy skin disease with a recombinant capripoxvirus expressing the fusion protein gene of rinderpest virus"", ""Immune responses in goats to recombinant hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein of peste des petits ruminants virus: Identification of a T-cell determinant"", ""The threat of peste des petits ruminants: Progress in vaccine development for disease control"", 
""Use of synthetic peptides to identify Measles nucleoprotein T-cell epitopes in vaccinated and naturally infected humans"", ""Cell-mediated immune responses in cattle vaccinated with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing the nucleocapsid protein of rinderpest virus"", ""Recombinant adenovirus expressing the haemagglutinin of Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) protects goats against challenge with pathogenic virus; a DIVA vaccine for PPR"", ""Vaccination of cattle with attenuated rinderpest virus stimulates CD4(+) T cell responses with broad viral antigen specificity"", 
""Loss of passively acquired maternal antibodies in highly vaccinated populations: An emerging need to define the ontogeny of infant immune responses"", ""Duration of maternal immunity to peste des petits ruminants"", ""Immunological responses of mice and cattle to baculovirus-expressed F and H proteins of rinderpest virus: Lack of protection in the presence of neutralizing antibody"", NA, ""Study on passive immunity: Time of vaccination in kids born to goats vaccinated against peste des petits ruminants"", 
NA, ""Measles virus-mononuclear cell interactions"", ""Measles virus: Cellular receptors, tropism and pathogenesis"", ""Early events following experimental infection with peste-des-petits ruminants virus suggest immune cell targeting"", ""Infection of monocytes during Measles"", ""Evidence that circulating lymphocytes act as vehicles or viraemia in Measles"", ""Pathological and immunohistochemical study of experimental Peste des petits ruminants virus infection in goats"", ""Natural peste des petits ruminants virus infection: Novel pathologic findings resembling other Morbillivirus infections"", 
""Apoptosis induced by peste des petits ruminants virus in goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells"", ""Correlation of humoral immune response with clinical presentation, pulmonary lesions and mortality patterns of goats experimentally infected with peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Evaluation of the virulence of some strains of Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV) in experimentally infected West African dwarf goats"", ""Aerobic bacteria from nasal discharge of goats suffering from clinical PPR: Isolation and identification"", 
""Rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses exhibit neurovirulence in mice"", ""Dual infection of fetal and neonatal small ruminants with border disease virus and peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV): Neuronal tropism of PPRV as a novel finding"", ""A reliable and reproducible experimental challenge model for peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Experimental infection of Alpine goats with a Moroccan strain of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)"", ""Experimental peste des petits ruminants (goat plague) in goats and sheep"", 
""Peste des petits ruminants virus tissue tropism and pathogenesis in sheep and goats following experimental infection"", ""Early detection of viral excretion from experimentally infected goats with peste-des-petits ruminants virus"", ""Persistent detection of peste de petits ruminants antigen in the faeces of recovered goats"", ""Pathogenicity of a local peste des petits ruminants virus isolate in sheep in Turkey"", ""Sequence analysis of the large (L) polymerase gene and trailer of the peste des petits ruminants virus vaccine strain Nigeria 75/1: Expression and use of the L protein in reverse genetics"", 
""Rescue of recombinant peste des petits ruminants virus: Creation of a GFP-expressing virus and application in rapid virus neutralization test"", ""Measles virus induced immunosuppression: Targets and effector mechanisms"", ""Effect of immunosuppression on pathogenesis of peste des petits ruminants (PPRV) virus infection in goats"", ""Rinderpest virus H protein: Role in determining host range in rabbits"", ""Rinderpest virus phosphoprotein gene is a major determinant of species-specific pathogenicity"", ""Interaction of Measles virus glycoproteins with the surface of uninfected peripheral blood lymphocytes induces immunosuppression in vitro"", 
""Inhibition of in vitro leukocyte proliferation by morbilliviruses"", ""Measles virus suppresses interferon-alpha signaling pathway: Suppression of JAK1 phosphorylation and association of viral accessory proteins, C and V, with interferon-alpha receptor complex"", ""Immunomodulatory properties of Morbillivirus nucleoproteins"", ""Mechanism of Measles virus-induced suppression of inflammatory immune responses"", ""Detection and genetic characterization of peste des petits ruminants virus in free-living bharals (pseudois nayaur) in Tibet, China"", 
""Peste des petits ruminants"", ""An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants in a zoological collection"", ""Peste des petits ruminants virus detected in tissues from an Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica) belongs to Asian lineage IV"", ""First- time isolation of the peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in Chad and experimental induction of the disease"", ""Surveillance of wildlife as a tool for monitoring rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants in West Africa"", ""Peste des petits ruminants outbreak in Western Turkey"", 
""Prevalence, distribution, and host range of peste des petits ruminants virus, Turkey"", ""Antibody seroprevalences against peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in camels, cattle, goats and sheep in Ethiopia"", ""First serological investigation of peste-des-petits-ruminants and rift valley fever in Tunisia"", ""Prevalence of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants virus before and during outbreaks of the disease in Awash fentale district, Afar, Ethiopia"", ""Seroprevalence of, and risk factors for, Peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in Northern Jordan"", 
""La peste des petits ruminants en Afrique Occidentale Française. Ses rapports avec la peste bovine"", ""An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in camels in the Sudan"", ""Epidemic characterization and modeling within herd transmission dynamics of an \""emerging trans-boundary\"" camel disease epidemic in Ethiopia"", ""Peste des petits ruminants, the next eradicated animal disease?"", ""Next-generation sequencing technology in clinical virology"", ""Asian lineage of peste des petits ruminants virus, Africa"", 
""Geographic distribution and epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) outbreak in Tajikistan"", ""The plowright vaccine strain of rinderpest virus has attenuating mutations in most genes"", ""The differential growth of virulent and avirulent strains of rinderpest virus in bovine lymphocytes and macrophages"", ""Protection of goats against rinderpest by vaccination with attenuated peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Systems biology approaches to disease marker discovery"", 
""Host gene expression profiling in influenza a virus-infected lung epithelial (A549) cells: A comparative analysis between highly pathogenic and modified H5N1 viruses"", ""The histological relationship between \""Peste des petits ruminants\"" and Kata in West Africa"", ""The use of thermostable Vero cell-adapted rinderpest vaccine as a heterologous vaccine against peste des petits ruminants"", ""Comparative efficacy of various chemical stabilizers on the thermostability of a live-attenuated peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccine"", 
""Virological and antigenic characterization of two peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccine viruses of Indian origin"", ""Control strategies for peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants of India"", ""Rapid quality control of a live attenuated peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccine by monoclonal antibody based sandwich ELISA"", ""Experimental studies on immunosuppressive effects of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in goats"", ""Xerovac: An ultra rapid method for the dehydration and preservation of live attenuated rinderpest and Peste des petits ruminants vaccines"", 
""Vaccines against peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Strategies for improved stability of peste des petits ruminants vaccine"", ""Recombinant hemagglutinin protein of rinderpest virus expressed in insect cells induces humoral and cell mediated immune responses in cattle"", ""Recombinant capripoxvirus expressing the hemagglutinin protein gene of rinderpest virus: Protection of cattle against rinderpest and lumpy skin disease viruses"", ""Immune response and protection of cattle and pigs generated by a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing the F protein of rinderpest virus"", 
""Development of a dual recombinant vaccine to protect small ruminants against peste-des-petits-ruminants virus and capripoxvirus infections"", ""A goat poxvirus-vectored peste-des-petits-ruminants vaccine induces long-lasting neutralization antibody to high levels in goats and sheep"", ""Goat immune response to capripox vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin protein of peste des petits ruminants"", ""Recovery and characterization of a chimeric rinderpest virus with the glycoproteins of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus: Homologous F and H proteins are required for virus viability"", 
""Rescue of a chimeric rinderpest virus with the nucleocapsid protein derived from peste-des-petits-ruminants virus: Use as a marker vaccine"", ""MVA recombinants expressing the fusion and hemagglutinin genes of PPRV protects goats against vilrulent challenge"", ""Differential effects of viral vectors on migratory afferent lymph dendritic cells in vitro predict enhanced immunogenicity in vivo"", ""Baculovirus display of fusion protein of peste des petits ruminants virus and hemagglutination protein of rinderpest virus and immunogenicity of the displayed proteins in mouse model"", 
""Immune responses in mice vaccinated with a suicidal DNA vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin glycoprotein from the peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Differential antigen requirements for protection against systemic and intranasal vaccinia virus challenges in mice"", ""Recombinant adenoviral vectors have adjuvant activity and stimulate T cell responses against tumor cells"", ""Improving recombinant MVA immune responses: Potentiation of the immune responses to HIV-1 with MVA and DNA vectors expressing env and the cytokines IL-12 and IFN-gamma"", 
""A genetically engineered adenovirus vector targeted to CD40 mediates transduction of canine dendritic cells and promotes antigen-specific immune responses in vivo"", ""Screening of novel excipients for improving the stability of retroviral and adenoviral vectors"", ""Encapsulation of adenoviral vectors into chitosan-bile salt microparticles for mucosal vaccination"", ""Effect of re-feed strategies and non-ammoniagenic medium on adenovirus production at high cell densities"", ""Recombinant adenovirus expressing F and H fusion proteins of Peste des petits ruminants virus induces both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in goats"", 
""A novel recombinant peste des petits ruminants-canine adenovirus vaccine elicits long-lasting neutralizing antibody response against PPR in goats"", ""Comparative efficacy of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccines"", ""A bivalent vaccine against goat pox and peste des petits ruminants induces protective immune response in goats"", ""A vero cell derived combined vaccine against sheep pox and peste des petits ruminants for sheep"", ""Rinderpest: The second viral disease eradicated"", ""Interference in the vaccination of cattle against rinderpest virus by antibodies against peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus"", 
NA, ""Potential of antiviral therapy and prophylaxis for controlling RNA viral infections of livestock"", ""Relationship between clinical signs and transmission of an infectious disease and the implications for control"", ""Assessment of the cytotoxic and anti-viral potential of aqueous extracts from different parts of Acacia nilotica against peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Potential of adenovirus and baculovirus vectors for the delivery of shRNA against Morbilliviruses"", ""Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors block multiple steps of influenza A virus replication"", 
""Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors that block replication of influenza A and other viruses"", ""NF-kappaB signaling differentially regulates influenza virus RNA synthesis"", ""Influenza virus propagation is impaired by inhibition of the RAF/MEK/ERK signalling cascade"", ""Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase impairs influenza virus-induced primary and secondary host gene responses and protects mice from lethal H5N1 infection"", ""Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) is activated by influenza virus vRNA via the pathogen pattern receptor RIG-I to promote efficient type I interferon production"", 
""Targeting host cell factors for development of antiviral therapeutics""), volume = c(""5"", NA, ""11"", ""109"", ""15"", ""20"", NA, ""45"", ""40"", ""27"", ""112"", ""41"", NA, ""125"", ""52"", ""53"", ""23"", ""2"", ""141"", NA, NA, NA, ""126"", ""110"", ""87"", ""42"", ""208"", ""68"", NA, ""279"", ""216"", ""279"", ""27"", ""96"", ""81"", ""85"", ""278"", ""66"", ""91"", ""64"", ""113"", ""75"", ""131"", ""85"", ""265"", ""72"", ""76"", ""289"", ""57"", ""53"", ""83"", ""69"", ""78"", ""85"", ""66"", ""73"", ""68"", ""269"", ""69"", ""82"", ""81"", ""20"", ""12"", ""39"", ""91"", ""37"", ""68"", NA, ""287"", ""48"", 
""144"", ""86"", ""71"", ""13"", ""72"", ""70"", ""189"", ""76"", ""77"", ""164"", ""53"", ""281"", ""73"", ""74"", ""267"", ""87"", ""385"", ""95"", ""72"", NA, ""52"", ""173"", NA, ""7"", ""82"", ""118"", ""3"", ""76"", ""359"", ""12"", ""227"", ""108"", ""8"", ""17"", ""177"", ""7"", ""48"", ""166"", ""101"", ""1"", ""95"", ""77"", ""318"", ""42"", ""268"", ""92"", ""83"", ""74"", ""8"", ""11"", ""6"", ""17"", ""441"", ""206"", ""89"", ""5"", ""45"", ""27"", ""383"", ""374"", ""82"", ""368"", ""80"", ""85"", ""77"", ""545"", ""8"", ""15"", ""14"", ""14"", ""191"", NA, ""135"", ""19"", ""25"", ""235"", ""80"", ""45"", ""81"", ""208"", ""124"", ""67"", 
NA, ""27"", NA, ""191"", ""87"", ""8"", ""168"", ""9"", ""51"", ""44"", ""73"", ""57"", ""173"", ""65"", ""8"", ""146"", ""50"", ""160"", ""52"", ""9"", ""78"", ""40"", ""37"", ""145"", ""43"", ""1"", ""52"", ""83"", ""78"", ""93"", ""76"", ""306"", ""19"", ""14"", ""90"", ""9"", ""121"", ""13"", ""48"", ""24"", ""157"", ""8"", ""70"", ""187"", ""44"", ""85"", ""9"", ""116"", ""44"", ""165"", ""19"", ""17"", ""43"", ""136"", ""86"", ""66"", ""59"", ""28"", ""7"", ""23"", ""54"", ""21"", ""33"", ""30"", ""36"", ""28"", ""19"", ""9"", ""29"", ""19"", ""204"", ""124"", ""77"", ""28"", ""969"", ""74"", ""88"", ""50"", ""85"", ""317"", ""193"", ""82"", ""7"", 
""116"", ""27"", ""22"", ""126"", ""119"", ""154"", ""7"", ""38"", ""24"", ""27"", ""149"", ""24"", NA, ""78"", ""332"", ""35"", ""90"", ""85"", ""55"", ""82"", ""3"", ""289"", ""13"", ""1S""), author = c(""Gargadennec"", NA, ""Gibbs"", ""Woo"", ""Gilbert"", ""Bourdin"", NA, ""Singh"", ""Khan"", ""Taylor"", ""Anderson"", ""Abubakar"", NA, ""Shaila"", ""Taylor"", ""Diallo"", ""Diallo"", ""Roger"", ""Govindarajan"", NA, NA, NA, ""Bailey"", ""Bailey"", ""Mahapatra"", ""Rahaman"", ""Ismail"", ""Diallo"", NA, ""Nayak"", ""Bankamp"", ""Rahaman"", ""Bao"", ""Mahapatra"", ""Muthuchelvan"", ""Kaushik"", ""Johansson"", 
""Horikami"", ""Liu"", ""Haffar"", ""Muthuchelvan"", ""Coronel"", ""Bodjo"", ""Moll"", ""Vincent"", ""Maisner"", ""Moll"", ""Seth"", ""Scheid"", ""Morrison"", ""Paal"", ""Watanabe"", ""Milosevic"", ""Novick"", ""Horvath"", ""Buckland"", ""McQuain"", ""Rapaport"", ""Reitter"", ""Muhlebach"", ""Lee"", ""Dutch"", ""Hernandez"", ""Sista"", ""Singethan"", ""Meyer"", ""Alkhatib"", NA, ""Negi"", ""Plattet"", ""Devireddy"", ""Delpeut"", ""Langedijk"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Galbraith"", ""Lecouturier"", ""Kumar"", ""Malur"", ""Cartee"", ""Blumberg"", ""Bellini"", ""Sweetman"", ""Escoffier"", ""Baron"", 
""Patterson"", ""Ito"", ""Boxer"", ""Chinnakannan"", ""Tober"", NA, ""Pawar"", ""Adombi"", NA, ""Noyce"", ""Tahara"", ""Leonard"", ""Sato"", ""Hashimoto"", ""Fujita"", ""Kozak"", ""Schneider"", ""Ward"", ""Otsuki"", ""Liermann"", ""Evans"", ""Anderson"", ""Esteban"", ""Chang"", ""Samanta"", ""Wu"", ""Wertz"", ""Gupta"", ""Kolakofsky"", ""Harrison"", ""Kondo"", ""Yoshida"", ""Iwasaki"", ""Vincent"", ""Shaikh"", ""Kawai"", ""Finberg"", ""Finberg"", ""Kato"", ""Ichinohe"", ""Randall"", ""Platanias"", ""Baron"", ""Atmaca"", ""Caignard"", ""Fontana"", ""Ramachandran"", ""Caignard"", ""Nanda"", 
""Ohno"", ""Palosaari"", ""Takeuchi"", ""Chinnakannan"", ""Naik"", ""Naik"", ""Sinnathamby"", ""Griffin"", NA, ""Romero"", ""Sinnathamby"", ""Diallo"", ""Hickman"", ""Ohishi"", ""Herbert"", ""Lund"", ""Gans"", ""Ata"", ""Bassiri"", NA, ""Balamurugan"", NA, ""Borrow"", ""Yanagi"", ""Pope"", ""Esolen"", ""Osunkoya"", ""Kumar"", ""Kul"", ""Mondal"", ""Olaleye"", ""Bodjo"", ""Ugochukwu"", ""Galbraith"", ""Toplu"", ""Touil"", ""Hammouchi"", ""Bundza"", ""Truong"", ""Bodjo"", ""Ezeibe"", ""Gulyaz"", ""Minet"", ""Hu"", ""Niewiesk"", ""Jagtap"", ""Yoneda"", ""Yoneda"", ""Schlender"", ""Heaney"", 
""Yokota"", ""Kerdiles"", ""Marie"", ""Bao"", ""Lefevre"", ""Furley"", ""Balamurugan"", ""Bidjeh"", ""Bodjo"", ""Yesilbag"", ""Ozkul"", ""Abraham"", ""Ghram"", ""Delil"", ""Hussain"", ""Mornet"", ""Khalafalla"", ""Megersa"", ""Albina"", ""Capobianchi"", ""Kwiatek"", ""Shaila"", ""Kwiatek"", ""Baron"", ""Rossiter"", ""Bidjeh"", ""Sharon"", ""Chakrabarti"", ""Rowland"", ""Mariner"", ""Sarkar"", ""Singh"", ""Singh"", ""Saravanan"", ""Rajak"", ""Worrall"", ""Sen"", ""Silva"", ""Sinnathamby"", ""Romero"", ""Belsham"", ""Berhe"", ""Chen"", ""Diallo"", ""Das"", ""Parida"", ""Chandran"", ""Guzman"", 
""Rahman"", ""Wang"", ""Kaufman"", ""Geutskens"", ""Abaitua"", ""Thacker"", ""Cruz"", ""Lameiro"", ""Ferreira"", ""Wang"", ""Qin"", ""Saravanan"", ""Hosamani"", ""Chaudhary"", ""Horzinek"", ""Bodjo"", NA, ""Goris"", ""Charleston"", ""Raheel"", ""Nizamani"", ""Kumar"", ""Kumar"", ""Kumar"", ""Pleschka"", ""Borgeling"", ""Hrincius"", ""Kumar""), year = c(""1942"", NA, ""1979"", ""2012"", ""1962"", ""1967"", NA, ""2009"", ""2008"", ""1979"", ""1994"", ""2009"", NA, ""1989"", ""2002"", ""2006"", ""1989"", ""2000"", ""1997"", NA, NA, NA, ""2007"", ""2005"", ""2006"", ""2003"", ""1995"", ""1987"", 
NA, ""2001"", ""1996"", ""2004"", ""2011"", ""2003"", ""2006"", ""2004"", ""2003"", ""1992"", ""2013"", ""1999"", ""2006"", ""2001"", ""2008"", ""2004"", ""1999"", ""1998"", ""2002"", ""2001"", ""1974"", ""1985"", ""2009"", ""1995"", ""2004"", ""1988"", ""1992"", ""1992"", ""1994"", ""1994"", ""1995"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""2000"", ""1996"", ""2000"", ""2010"", ""1995"", ""1994"", NA, ""2012"", ""2009"", ""1999"", ""2012"", ""1997"", ""2006"", ""1998"", ""1996"", ""2013"", ""2002"", ""2003"", ""1988"", ""1985"", ""2001"", ""1999"", ""2000"", ""2000"", ""2013"", ""2009"", ""2014"", ""1998"", NA, ""2008"", ""2011"", NA, 
""2011"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2012"", ""2002"", ""2007"", ""1984"", ""1997"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""1998"", ""1990"", ""2012"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""1998"", ""2003"", ""2004"", ""2010"", ""1993"", ""1979"", ""2009"", ""2000"", ""2013"", ""2010"", ""2004"", ""2007"", ""2006"", ""2009"", ""2008"", ""2005"", ""2014"", ""2012"", ""2009"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""2006"", ""2004"", ""2003"", ""2003"", ""2013"", ""1997"", ""1997"", ""2001"", ""1995"", NA, ""1994"", ""2001"", ""2007"", ""1997"", ""1999"", ""2014"", ""2000"", ""2013"", ""1989"", ""1993"", NA, ""2012"", NA, ""1995"", ""2006"", ""2013"", 
""1993"", ""1990"", ""2004"", ""2007"", ""2001"", ""1989"", ""2007"", ""1991"", ""2002"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""1988"", ""2014"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2005"", ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2001"", ""2012"", ""2002"", ""2004"", ""1996"", ""2002"", ""2003"", ""2006"", ""2001"", ""2011"", ""1990"", ""1987"", ""2012"", ""1995"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""2002"", ""2005"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2008"", ""1956"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2011"", ""1996"", ""2007"", ""2005"", ""1985"", ""1995"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""1970"", ""1993"", ""2003"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2005"", ""2000"", ""2010"", ""2011"", 
""2001"", ""1994"", ""1989"", ""2003"", ""2010"", ""2002"", ""2000"", ""2007"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2003"", ""2013"", ""2008"", ""2000"", ""2006"", ""2009"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2005"", ""2013"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2006"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2006"", NA, ""2008"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2001"", ""2014"", ""2011"", ""2014""), journal.title = c(""Bull. Serv. Zoot. Epiz. Afr. Occ. Fr."", NA, ""Intervirology"", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", ""Revue Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop."", ""Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop."", NA, ""Vet. Ital."", ""Trop. Anim. Health Prod."", 
""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Trop. Anim. Health Prod."", NA, ""Vet. Rec."", ""Prev. Vet.Med."", ""J. Vet. Med. B Infect. Dis. Vet. Public Health"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Camel Pract. Res."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, NA, NA, ""Virus Res."", ""Virus Res."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Biochemistry"", ""Virology"", ""J. Gen. Virol."", NA, ""Virology"", ""Virology"", ""J. Biol. Chem."", ""Bing Du Xue Bao"", ""Virus Res."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Biol. Chem."", ""J. Virol."", ""Protein Expr. Purif."", ""Virus Res."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", 
""J. Virol."", ""Virus Res."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""Virology"", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Biol. Chem."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Biosci. Rep."", ""Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."", ""Biochemistry"", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Virus Res."", ""J. Virol."", NA, ""J. Biol. Chem."", ""Biochemistry"", ""Arch. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Clin. Vaccine Immunol."", 
""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", NA, ""Acta Virol."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", NA, ""PLoS Pathog."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Clin. Invest."", ""Front. Microbiol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""Nucleic Acids Res."", ""Virology"", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", ""PLoS One"", ""Virus Genes"", ""Virology"", ""PLoS One"", ""Virus Genes"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Canc. Sci."", 
""Sci. Rep."", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol."", ""J. Biol. Chem."", ""Virology"", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Future Microbiol."", ""Nat. Immunol."", ""Microbes Infect."", ""Rev. Med. Virol."", ""Nature"", ""J. Exp. Med."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Nat. Rev. Immunol."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Histol. Histopathol."", ""Virology"", ""Virology"", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""FEBS Lett."", ""PLoS One"", ""Vaccine"", ""Virus Genes"", ""Viral Immunol."", ""Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."", 
NA, ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vaccine"", ""Vaccine"", ""Virology"", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Vet. Res."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""J. Virol."", NA, ""Virol. Sin."", NA, ""Curr. Trop. Microbiol. Immunol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""PLoS One"", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""West Afr. J. Med."", ""J. Vet. Med. B Infect. Dis. Vet. Public Health"", ""Vet. Pathol."", ""Virus Res."", ""Cytobios"", ""Vet. J."", ""Microbios."", ""J. Neurovirol."", ""J. Comp. Pathol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Can. J. Vet. Res."", ""PLoS One"", 
""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Trop. Anim. Health Prod."", ""Trop. Anim. Health Prod."", ""Virus Res."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Curr. Mol. Med."", ""Microb. Pathog."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""Viral Immunol."", ""Immunity"", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Rev. Sci. Tech."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""J. Vet. Sci."", ""Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays. Trop."", ""Rev. Sci. Tech."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. J."", ""Trop. Anim. Health Prod."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Rev. Elev. Méd. Vét. Pays. Trop."", 
""Acta Trop."", ""Trop. Anim. Health Prod."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Clin. Microbiol. Infect."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Virus Res."", ""J. Comp. Pathol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Dis. Markers."", ""Virol. J."", ""Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Vaccine"", ""Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", ""Rev. Sci. Tech. Epiz."", ""Biologicals"", ""Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", ""Vaccine"", ""Expert Rev. Vaccines"", ""Vaccine"", ""Vaccine"", ""Virology"", ""Vet. Rec."", ""J. Virol."", 
""Vaccine"", ""Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Ind. J. Microbol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol."", ""Gene Ther."", ""Virus Res."", ""Vaccine"", ""Biotechnol. Prog."", ""J. Biotechnol."", ""J. Biotechnol."", ""Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."", ""PLoS One"", ""Biologicals"", ""Vaccine"", ""Vaccine"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vaccine"", NA, ""Antivir. Res."", ""Science"", ""Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."", ""Antivir. Res."", ""J. Virol."", ""Antimicro. Agents Chemother."", ""J. Virol."", ""Nat. Cell Biol."", 
""J. Biol. Chem."", ""Cell. Microbiol."", ""Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""), unstructured = c(NA, ""Pastoret, P. (2006). Rinderpest and Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus: Plague of Large and Small Ruminants, Academic Press. Biology of Animal Infections."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Wohlsein, P., and Saliki, J. (2006). Rinderpest and Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus: Plague of Large and Small Ruminants, Academic Press. Biology of Animal Infections."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Felix, N. (2013, January 19–20). Current scenario and control initiatives for PPR at global, regional and country level according to the risk factors and socioeconomic impact. Proceedings of the Second Regional Conference on Progressive Control of Peste Des Petits Ruminants in South Asia, Kathmandu, Nepal."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""OIE OIE-Listed diseases, infections and infestations in force in 2014. Available online:http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/oie-listed-diseases-2014/."", ""Staal, S., Poole, J., Baltenweck, I., Mwacharo, J., Notenbaert, A., Randolph, T., Thorpe, W., Nzuma, J., and Herrero, M. (2009). Strategic investment in livestock development as a vehicle for rural livelihoods, International Livestock Research Institute."", ""Perry, B.D., Randolph, T.F., McDermott, J.J., Sones, K.R., and Thornton, P.K. (2002). Investing in animal health research to alleviate poverty, International Livestock Research Institute."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Barrett, T., Banyard, A.C., and Diallo, A. (2006). Rinderpest and Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus: Plague of Large and Small Ruminants, Academic Press. Biology of Animal Infections."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Heidmeier, S., Hanauer, J.R., Friedrich, K., Prufer, S., Schneider, I.C., Buchholz, C.J., Cichutek, K., and Muhlebach, M.D. (2013). A single amino acid substitution in the Measles virus F protein reciprocally modulates membrane fusion activity in pathogenic and oncolytic strains. Virus Res."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Coetzer, J.A.W., and Tustin, R.C. (2004). Infectious Diseases of Livestock, Oxford University Press."", NA, NA, ""Munir, M., Zohari, S., and Berg, M. (2013). Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus, Springer."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Munir, M. (2013). Mononegaviruses of Veterinary Importance, Pathobiology and Molecular Diagnosis, CABI International."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Zohari, S. Personnel communication."", NA, ""Cosby, S.L., Chieko, K., and Yamaguchi, K. (2006). Rinderpest and Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus: Plague of Large and Small Ruminants, Academic Press. Biology of Animal Infections."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Rossister, P. (2014, January 3–28). Progressive control of Peste des petits ruminants. Proceedings of the E-Conference to Launch Global Research and Expertise Network (GREN) on PPR, Online."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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""10.1099/vir.0.81721-0"", ""10.1021/bi026858d"", ""10.1006/viro.1995.1210"", ""10.1099/0022-1317-68-7-2033"", NA, ""10.1006/viro.2000.0698"", ""10.1006/viro.1996.0060"", ""10.1074/jbc.M400673200"", NA, ""10.1016/S0168-1702(03)00176-X"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2005.09.001"", ""10.1099/vir.0.19702-0"", ""10.1074/jbc.M308745200"", ""10.1128/jvi.66.8.4901-4908.1992"", ""10.1016/j.pep.2013.06.011"", ""10.1016/S0168-1702(99)00080-5"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.10.014"", ""10.1128/JVI.75.3.1117-1123.2001"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2007.08.005"", 
""10.1099/vir.0.19663-0"", ""10.1006/viro.1999.0064"", ""10.1128/JVI.72.6.5276-5278.1998"", ""10.1128/JVI.76.14.7174-7186.2002"", ""10.1006/viro.2001.1120"", ""10.1016/0042-6822(74)90187-1"", ""10.1128/jvi.53.3.851-857.1985"", ""10.1128/JVI.01195-09"", ""10.1128/jvi.69.5.3206-3210.1995"", ""10.1128/JVI.78.15.7894-7903.2004"", ""10.1073/pnas.85.20.7433"", ""10.1128/jvi.66.4.2443-2455.1992"", ""10.1099/0022-1317-73-7-1703"", ""10.1128/jvi.68.11.7654-7658.1994"", ""10.1016/S0021-9258(17)36582-1"", ""10.1128/jvi.69.10.5995-6004.1995"", 
""10.1128/JVI.00779-08"", ""10.1128/JVI.00754-07"", ""10.1023/A:1010467106305"", ""10.1146/annurev.cellbio.12.1.627"", ""10.1021/bi000471y"", ""10.1099/vir.0.025650-0"", ""10.1016/0168-1702(95)00013-G"", ""10.1128/jvi.68.10.6770-6774.1994"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2013.12.016"", ""10.1074/jbc.M112.373308"", ""10.1021/bi9008566"", ""10.1007/s007050050583"", ""10.1128/JVI.00807-12"", ""10.1128/jvi.71.8.6155-6167.1997"", ""10.1128/CVI.00273-06"", ""10.1128/JVI.72.12.10292-10297.1998"", ""10.1128/jvi.70.7.4200-4204.1996"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.03.002"", 
""10.1128/JVI.76.16.8101-8109.2002"", ""10.1128/JVI.77.13.7352-7360.2003"", ""10.1016/0042-6822(88)90563-6"", ""10.1128/jvi.53.3.908-919.1985"", ""10.1006/viro.2000.0805"", ""10.1128/JVI.73.2.1695-1698.1999"", ""10.1128/JVI.74.6.2603-2611.2000"", ""10.1006/viro.1999.0118"", ""10.1128/JVI.00714-13"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2008.11.022"", ""10.1099/vir.0.056739-0"", ""10.1128/JVI.72.10.8124-8132.1998"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.02.024"", ""10.1007/978-3-642-31451-3"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.1002240"", ""10.1128/JVI.02691-07"", 
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""A Wangoo"", ""G Magombedze"", ""Z Chen"", ""PM Coussens"", ""WR Waters"", ""JR Stabel"", ""JR Stabel"", ""S Subharat"", ""MS Khalifeh"", ""A Lalvani"", ""WW Agace"", ""S Khare"", ""PM Coussens"", ""WR Hein"", ""C Charavaryamath"", ""P Maattanen"", ""BL Plattner"", ""P Fries"", ""A Soruri"", ""WR Hein"", ""A Pernthaner"", ""I Rhijn Van"", ""M Vrieling"", ""K Silva de"", ""AJ Allen"", ""GH Wentink"", ""F Abebe"", ""A Koets"", NA), year = c(""2012"", ""2012"", ""1988"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2014"", ""2012"", ""2007"", ""2011"", ""2002"", ""1998"", ""2000"", ""2004"", 
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""Santema W, Rutten V, Segers R, Poot J, Hensen S, Heesterbeek H, Koets A (2013) Postexposure subunit vaccination against chronic enteric mycobacterial infection in a natural host. Infect Immun 81:1990–1995""), journal.title = c(""J Vet Intern Med"", ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""Vet Pathol"", ""Infect Immun"", ""Res Vet Sci"", ""Infect Immun"", ""Infect Immun"", ""Vet Res"", ""J Dairy Sci"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract"", ""Infect Immun"", ""Am J Vet Res"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Infect Immun"", ""Vet Pathol"", 
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""Çabalar M"", NA, ""Campos M"", ""Campos M"", NA, NA, ""Ciacci-Zanella J"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Denis M"", ""Elazhary MA"", ""Elazhary MA"", NA, ""Eugster AK"", NA, NA, NA, ""Forman AJ"", ""Fuchs M"", NA, NA, NA, ""Gibbs EPJ"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Hanon E"", ""Harrison SC."", NA, ""Homan EJ"", NA, ""Hunter E."", ""Hutchings DL"", NA, NA, ""Jetteur P"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Kahrs RF"", ""Karger A"", NA, ""Knipe DM"", NA, ""Lamontagne L"", ""Lehmkuhl HD"", NA, ""Li Y"", ""Li Y"", ""Liang X"", NA, ""Maclachlan N"", ""Mahmoud MA"", ""Manickam R"", 
NA, NA, ""Masri SA"", ""Mechor GD"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mohan Kumar KM"", ""Moretti B"", NA, NA, ""Mweene AS"", ""Nandi S"", ""Nandi S"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Palmer LD"", NA, ""Perrin B"", NA, ""Perez SE"", ""Porter DD"", NA, NA, ""Rajkhowa S"", NA, NA, NA, ""Rock DL"", ""Rock D"", ""Rock DL"", ""Roizman B"", ""Rouse BT"", ""SCAHW]"", ""Schang LM"", NA, NA, ""Singh B"", NA, ""Sulochana S"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Turin L"", ""Tyler KL"", ""Ungar-Waron H"", NA, ""Van Oirschot JT"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Whetstone CA"", ""Whetstone CA"", ""Winkler MT"", 
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""The Indian Cow"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J Immunol."", NA, ""Revue scientifique et technique de l’OIE."", NA, ""Rev Argen Microbiol."", ""J Clin Microbiol"", NA, NA, ""Rev Sci Tech."", NA, NA, NA, ""J Virol"", ""J Virol"", ""Infect Immun"", NA, ""Infect Immun"", NA, ""J Virol."", NA, NA, ""Ind J Comp Microbiol Immunol Infect Dis."", NA, ""Ind J Comp Microbiol Immunol Infect Dis."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Vet Bull."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Am J Vet Res."", ""Am J Vet Res"", ""J Virol"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Can J Vet Res"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Viral Diseases of Cattle"", NA, NA, ""Fields’ virology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Fenner's veterinary virology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Fields’ virology"", NA, ""Report on Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) marker vaccines and the accompanying diagnostic tests"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Fields’ virology"", 
""Vet Microbiol"", NA, ""Vet Rec"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""[CSIRO] Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation 2005. New Vaccine for Cattle Pneumonia. [Accessed on 2005 May 18]. Available from: http://www.farmsafe.com.au/pages/features/beef/csiro03.htm"", 
NA, ""Del Médico Zajac MP. 2007. Herpesvirus bovino 5: estudio de la infección, la respuesta inmune y los recombinantes con herpesvirus bovino 1 en el hospedador natural [PhD Thesis]. Buenos Aires, Argentina: National Institute of Agricultural Technology."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""European Union. 2000. Report on Bovine Herpes virus 1 (BHV 1) marker vaccines & the accompanying tests."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1080/01652176.2013.799301","2013-06-27","en","NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Biswas","2013","Biswas et al., 2013"
"The Bovine Practitioner","2023-03-14","2023-03-14",NA,"10.21423/bovine-vol45no2p118-123","2025-05-28","0524-1685",NA,"2011-06-01","14385","118-123","10.21423","Texas A&M University Libraries","1","Crossref","0","0","12","Survival of bovine viral diarrhea virus on materials associated with livestock production","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.21423/bovine-vol45no2p118-123",NA,"<jats:p>Fomites have been shown to play a role in the transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). However, there are no published reports on the length of time BVDV can survive on fomites. In the current study, we applied a type 1b, non-cytopathic (NCP) BVDV isolate to clothing, materials common to livestock production settings, and various feedstuffs. Additionally, we created a synthetic mucus phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution and added BVDV to determine whether mucus impacted BVDV survival. Overall, the ability to recover BVDV after application to potential fomites decreased as the length of incubation increased. The BVDV strain tested in this study exhibited longer survival times in two aqueous solutions (water and PBS), two non-porous materials (latex and enameled metal), and one porous material (paper) than in other potential fomites. One non-porous material (galvanized metal) and two porous materials (soil and pine) tended to have a lower chance of BVDV recovery. No virus was recovered from denim, cotton t-shirt, mineral and salt blocks. For the total mixed ration, BVDV was recovered in one replicate, for up to eight hours post-application; however, all other replicates were negative. The molasses-urea lick in all three replicates was contaminated, therefore they were not tested. Based on these findings, a type 1b, NCP BVDV was capable of surviving after application to various materials used in livestock production. In the presence of mucus, BVDV was protected from degradation for longer periods of time.</jats:p>","Bov. pract.","list(given = c(""Elliot T."", ""Daniel U."", ""Ben W."", ""Sean"", ""Christopher C. L.""), family = c(""Stevens"", ""Thomson"", ""Wileman"", ""O'Dell"", ""Chase""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://bovine-ojs-tamu.tdl.org/bovine/article/download/2784/2774"", ""https://bovine-ojs-tamu.tdl.org/bovine/article/download/2784/2774""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","NULL",NA,"2011-06-01",NA,"NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Stevens","2011","Stevens et al., 2011"
"Research in Veterinary Science","2020-06-11","2022-10-27","2020-10","10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.06.009","2025-06-13","0034-5288",NA,"2020-10","78","262-267","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","35","35","40","African swine fever: A review of cleaning and disinfection procedures in commercial pig holdings","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.06.009","132",NA,"Research in Veterinary Science","list(given = c(""G."", ""L."", ""G.L."", ""J."", ""M."", ""S.""), family = c(""De Lorenzi"", ""Borella"", ""Alborali"", ""Prodanov-Radulović"", ""Štukelj"", ""Bellini""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0034528820307827?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0034528820307827?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(year = c(""2009"", ""2011"", NA, ""2004"", ""2010"", ""2015"", ""2018"", ""2004"", ""2002"", ""2014"", ""2018"", ""2001"", ""2010"", ""1995"", ""2015"", ""2010"", ""2001"", ""2016"", ""1992"", ""1995"", ""2019"", ""2008"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2018"", ""2008"", ""1995"", ""2019"", ""2019"", ""2000"", ""1973"", ""1997"", ""1999"", ""2018"", ""1998""), series.title = c(""La biosicurezza in veterinaria. Fondazione iniziative zooprofilattiche e zootecniche"", ""Potential Pesticides to Use Against the Causative Agents of Selected Foreign Animal Disease in Farm Settings"", 
NA, ""Manuale Operativo Malattia Vescicolare del Suino"", ""Biosicurezza e protocolli di igiene nelle produzioni zootecniche, Tesi di Laurea Triennale, Universita' degli Studi di Padova Facolta' di Agraria-Veterinaria"", NA, ""Biosecurity in Animal Production and Veterinary Medicine"", NA, ""Council Directive of 27 June 2002 Laying Down Specific Provisions for the Control of African Swine Fever and Amending Directive 92/119/EEC as Regards Teschen Disease and African Swine Fever"", ""NAHEMS Guidelines: Cleaning and Disinfection. The Foreign Animal Disease Preparedness and Response"", 
""Standard Operating Procedures: 15. Cleaning and Disinfection"", ""Manual on Procedures for Disease Eradication by Stamping Out. Part 3. Decontamination Operation Procedures"", ""Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation/World Organization for Animal Health/World Bank Animal Production and Health Paper No. 169"", NA, NA, NA, ""Manual on Procedures for Disease Eradication by Stamping Out"", NA, ""Chilled Foods: A Comprehensive Guide"", NA, NA, ""Foreign Animal Diseases"", NA, NA, ""Principles of Food Sanitation. Food Science Text Series"", 
""Cleaning and Disinfection: Standard Operative Guide No. 004"", NA, ""African Swine Fever: Aetiology Epidemiology Diagnosis Prevention and Control References, Technical Disease Cards"", ""Diseases of Swine"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Biosecurity in Animal Production and Veterinary Medicine"", ""Proceedings of the INTERPHEX Conference, Philadelphia""), author = c(""Alborali"", ""APHIS-USDA"", NA, ""Centro Nazionale di Referenza per le Malattie Vescicolari (CERVES)"", ""Dal Capello"", ""Davies"", ""Dewulf"", ""Dixon"", ""European Commission"", 
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"Journal of Medical Microbiology","2021-09-06","2023-12-14","2021-09-13","10.1099/jmm.0.001410","2025-06-13","0022-2615,1473-5644","9","2021-09-13","345",NA,"10.1099","Microbiology Society","1","Crossref","95","95","11","Disinfection to control African swine fever virus: a UK perspective","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001410","70","<jats:p>A review of African swine fever (ASF) was conducted, including manifestations of disease, its transmission and environmental persistence of ASF virus. Findings on infectious doses of contemporary highly-pathogenic strains isolated from outbreaks in Eastern Europe were included. Published data on disinfectant susceptibility of ASF virus were then compared with similar findings for selected other infectious agents, principally those used in the UK disinfectant approvals tests relating to relevant Disease Orders for the control of notifiable and zoonotic diseases of livestock. These are: swine vesicular disease virus, foot and mouth disease virus, Newcastle disease virus and <jats:italic>
                     <jats:named-content content-type=""species"">
                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"" ext-link-type=""uri"" xlink:href=""http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.11017"" xlink:type=""simple"">Salmonella enterica</jats:ext-link>
                     </jats:named-content>
                  </jats:italic> serovar Enteritidis. The comparative data thus obtained, presented in a series of charts, facilitated estimates of efficacy against ASF virus for some UK approved disinfectants when applied at their respective General Orders concentrations. Substantial data gaps were encountered for several disinfectant agents or classes, including peracetic acid, quaternary ammonium compounds and products based on phenols and cresols.</jats:p>",NA,"list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8657-3007"", NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA), given = c(""Andrew D."", ""Robert H.""), family = c(""Wales"", ""Davies""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Vet School Main Building, Daphne Jackson Road, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK"", ""Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK""
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""Beltrán-Alcrudo , D. J. Lubroth K. Depner S. De La Rocque 2008 African swine fever in the Caucasus FAO Empres Watch 1 8"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""OIE 2012 WAHID Database http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Diseaseinformation/Diseaseoutbreakmaps?disease_type_hidden=&disease_id_hidden=&selected_disease_name_hidden=&disease_type=0&disease_id_terrestrial=12&disease_id_aquatic=-999&selected_start_day=1&selected_start_month=1&selected_start_year=2012&selected_end_day=1&selected_end_month=12&selected_end_year=2013&submit2=OK"", 
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    article.title = c(NA, NA, ""African swine fever virus excretion patterns in persistently infected animals: a quantitative approach"", ""Suitability of faeces and tissue samples as a basis for non-invasive sampling for African swine fever in wild boar"", ""African swine fever: how can global spread be prevented?"", ""On a form of swine fever occurring in British East Africa (Kenya Colony)"", ""Comparative evaluation of novel African swine fever virus (ASF) antibody detection techniques derived from specific ASF viral genotypes with the OIE internationally prescribed serological tests"", 
    ""Genetic variation among African Swine Fever Genotype II Viruses, Eastern and Central Europe"", ""The excretion of two virulent strains of African swine fever virus by domestic pigs"", ""Dynamics of African swine fever virus shedding and excretion in domestic pigs infected by intramuscular inoculation and contact transmission"", ""Development of a TaqMan® PCR assay with internal amplification control for the detection of African swine fever virus"", ""Protection of European domestic pigs from virulent African isolates of African swine fever virus by experimental immunisation"", 
    ""Molecular characterization of African swine fever virus isolates originating from outbreaks in the Russian Federation between 2007 and 2011"", ""Risk of African swine fever introduction into the European Union through transport-associated routes: returning trucks and waste from international ships and planes"", NA, NA, NA, ""International disease monitoring, October to December 2007"", ""Laboratory-scale inactivation of African swine fever virus and swine vesicular disease virus in pig slurry"", ""Recovery and assay of African swine fever and swine vesicular disease viruses from pig slurry"", 
    ""Survival of classical swine fever virus at various temperatures in faeces and urine derived from experimentally infected pigs""), volume = c(NA, NA, ""160"", ""172"", ""364"", ""34"", ""162"", ""20"", ""68"", ""45"", ""107"", ""29"", ""158"", ""8"", NA, NA, NA, ""162"", ""87"", ""87"", ""132""), journal.title = c(NA, NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."", ""J. Comp. Pathol. Ther."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Hyg."", ""Vet. Res."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Vaccine"", 
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""National Reference Laboratory for Asfivirus and Pestivirus, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, “Togo Rosati”, Via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy"", ""National Reference Laboratory for Asfivirus and Pestivirus, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, “Togo Rosati”, Via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy"", ""National Reference Laboratory for Asfivirus and Pestivirus, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, “Togo Rosati”, Via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy""
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""10.1111/tbed.12700"", ""10.1007/s00705-019-04224-x"", ""10.2478/acve-2021-0007"", ""10.1111/tbed.13124"", ""10.3390/pathogens11010097"", NA, ""10.4102/jsava.v84i1.1106"", ""10.3390/v13112285"", ""10.1186/s40813-018-0109-2"", ""10.3390/v11040310"", ""10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.02.018"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198099"", NA, ""10.1186/s13071-020-04497-1"", ""10.1007/s10393-009-0248-7"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2012.10.005"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.06.009"", ""10.1016/0042-6822(59)90033-9"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.biologicals.2011.06.016"", 
""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.10.032"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.04.029"", NA, NA, ""10.3390/v13040534"", NA, ""10.1111/jam.14694"", ""10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00802.x"", ""10.1292/jvms.62.85"", ""10.1292/jvms.20-0534"", ""10.14202/vetworld.2021.2936-2940"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.04.025"", ""10.3390/pathogens9110878"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108796"", ""10.1128/aem.63.10.3916-3918.1997"", ""10.24425/pjvs.2019.131407"", ""10.1128/am.25.1.115-122.1973"", ""10.1292/jvms.21-0427"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109245"", ""10.3390/pathogens10111357"", 
""10.20506/rst.14.2.844"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2007.01029.x"", NA, ""10.1128/aem.37.5.1044-1046.1979"", ""10.20506/rst.14.1.829"", ""10.1292/jvms.16-0614"", ""10.1093/jac/dky432"", ""10.3390/foods5020042"", NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(""African Swine Fever Virus Proteins Involved in Evading Host Defence Systems"", ""ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Asfarviridae"", ""African Swine Fever Virus Is Enveloped by a Two-Membraned Collapsed Cisterna Derived from the Endoplasmic Reticulum"", ""Electron Microscopy of the Interaction of African Swine Fever Virus with Ferritin-Conjugated Antibody"", 
""General Morphology and Capsid Fine Structure of African Swine Fever Virus Particles"", ""A Systematic Review of Genotypes and Serogroups of African Swine Fever Virus"", ""Genotyping Field Strains of African Swine Fever Virus by Partial P72 Gene Characterisation"", ""Molecular Epidemiology of African Swine Fever in East Africa"", ""Genetic Characterisation of African Swine Fever Viruses from Outbreaks in Southern Africa (1973–1999)"", ""Identification of a New Genotype of African Swine Fever Virus in Domestic Pigs from Ethiopia"", 
""Genetic Characterization of African Swine Fever Virus Isolates from Soft Ticks at the Wildlife/Domestic Interface in Mozambique and Identification of a Novel Genotype"", ""The Unique Genetic Variation within the O174L Gene of Polish Strains of African Swine Fever Virus Facilitates Tracking Virus Origin"", ""Rapid Identification for Serotyping of African Swine Fever Virus Based on the Short Fragment of the EP402R Gene Encoding for CD2-Like Protein"", ""Genome Comparison of African Swine Fever Virus China/2018/AnhuiXCGQ Strain and Related European P72 Genotype II Strains"", 
NA, ""African Swine Fever: Update on Eastern, Central and Southern Africa"", ""History of ‘Swine Fever’ in Southern Africa"", NA, ""Epidemiological Considerations on African Swine Fever in Europe 2014–2018"", NA, ""African Swine Fever"", ""African Swine Fever—A Review of Current Knowledge"", NA, ""Differential Vector Competence of Ornithodoros Soft Ticks for African Swine Fever Virus: What If It Involves More than Just Crossing Organic Barriers in Ticks?"", ""Role of Wild Suids in the Epidemiology of African Swine Fever"", 
""Review of the Sylvatic Cycle of African Swine Fever in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian Ocean"", ""African Swine Fever: A Review of Cleaning and Disinfection Procedures in Commercial Pig Holdings"", ""Virus-Lipid Interactions. II. The Mechanism of Adsorption of Lipophilic Viruses to Water-Insoluble Polar Lipids"", NA, NA, NA, ""Chemical Disinfection of High-Consequence Transboundary Animal Disease Viruses on Nonporous Surfaces"", ""Disinfection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease and African Swine Fever Viruses with Citric Acid and Sodium Hypochlorite on Birch Wood Carriers"", 
""Disinfection of Transboundary Animal Disease Viruses on Surfaces Used in Pork Packing Plants"", ""The Role of Surface Disinfection in Infection Prevention"", NA, NA, NA, ""Recovery and Chemical Disinfection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease and African Swine Fever Viruses from Porous Concrete Surfaces"", ""Laboratory-Scale Inactivation of African Swine Fever Virus and Swine Vesicular Disease Virus in Pig Slurry"", ""Effects of Chlorine, Iodine, and Quaternary Ammonium Compound Disinfectants on Several Exotic Disease Viruses"", 
""Virucidal Efficacy of Acidic Electrolyzed Water (Aew) against African Swine Fever Virus and Avian Influenza Virus"", ""In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Virucidal Efficacy of Potassium Hydrogen Peroxymonosulfate Compared to Quaternary Ammonium Compound under Various Concentrations, Exposure Times and Temperatures against African Swine Fever Virus"", ""Sensitivity of African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) to Heat, Alkalinity and Peroxide Treatment in Presence or Absence of Porcine Plasma"", NA, ""Efficient Inactivation of African Swine Fever Virus by Ozonized Water"", 
""Efficacy of Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide against Exotic Animal Viruses"", ""Virucidal Effect of Chosen Disinfectants against African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV)—Preliminary Studies"", ""Effects of Some Disinfectants on African Swine Fever Virus"", ""In Vitro Primary Porcine Alveolar Macrophage Cell Toxicity and African Swine Fever Virus Inactivation Using Five Commercially Supply Compound Disinfectants under Various Condition"", ""Efficient Inactivation of African Swine Fever Virus by a Highly Complexed Iodine"", 
NA, ""Inactivation of Viruses in Liquid Manure"", ""Inactivation of Avian Influenza Viruses by Chemical Agents and Physical Conditions: A Review"", NA, ""Glutaraldehyde Inactivation of Exotic Animal Viruses in Swine Heart Tissue"", ""Modes of Action of Disinfectants"", ""Potential of Electrolyzed Water for Disinfection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus"", ""Safety and Efficacy Profiles of Different Commercial Sodium Hypochlorite/Hypochlorous Acid Solutions (NaClO/HClO): Antimicrobial Efficacy, Cytotoxic Impact and Physicochemical Parameters in Vitro"", 
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NA, NA, ""Njau, E.P., Machuka, E.M., Cleaveland, S., Shirima, G.M., Kusiluka, L.J., Okoth, E.A., and Pelle, R. (2021). African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV): Biology, Genomics and Genotypes Circulating in Sub-Saharan Africa. Viruses, 13."", NA, ""Cwynar, P., Stojkov, J., and Wlazlak, K. (2019). African Swine Fever Status in Europe. Viruses, 11."", NA, NA, ""(2022, March 16). Animal Disease Information System (ADIS). Available online: https://ec.europa.eu/food/animals/animal-diseases/animal-disease-information-system-adis_en."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics—Quantitative Suspension Test for the Veterinary Area. CEN/TC 216—Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics (Standard No. EN 14675:2015). Available online: https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/cen/a4bf27b1-bb63-4574-9c27-89b4fa6eb4f9/en-14675-2015."", ""(2020). Standard Practice to Assess Virucidal Activity of Chemicals Intended for Disinfection of Inanimate, Nonporous Environmental Surfaces. Book of Standards, Developed by Subcommittee: E35.15 (Standard No. ASTM E1053-20). Available online: https://webstore.ansi.org/standards/astm/astme105320."", 
""(2022, March 16). OECD Guidance Document on Quantitative Methods for Evaluating the Activity of Microbicides Used on Hard Non-Porous Surfaces-OECD. Available online: https://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/testing/evaluating-the-activity-of-microbicides-used-on-hard-non-porous-surfaces.htm."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics—Application of European Standards for Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics. CEN/TC 216—Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics (Standard No. EN 14885:2018). Available online: https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/cen/25a6be49-689b-4ac0-b0fc-0f06f0dadf60/en-14885-2018."", 
""Tarka, P., and Nitsch-Osuch, A. (2021). Evaluating the Virucidal Activity of Disinfectants According to European Union Standards. Viruses, 13."", ""Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics—Quantitative Non-Porous Surface Test for the Evaluation of Virucidal Activity of Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics Used in the Veterinary Area. CEN/TC 216—Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics (Standard No. UNI EN 17122:2020). Available online: https://store.uni.com/p/UNI1607369/uni-en-171222020-294125/UNI1607369_EEN."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Juszkiewicz, M., Walczak, M., Mazur-Panasiuk, N., and Woźniakowski, G. (2020). Effectiveness of Chemical Compounds Used against African Swine Fever Virus in Commercial Available Disinfectants. Pathogens, 9."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Juszkiewicz, M., Walczak, M., Woźniakowski, G., and Szczotka-Bochniarz, A. (2021). Virucidal Activity of Plant Extracts against African Swine Fever Virus. Pathogens, 10."", NA, NA, ""(2022, March 16). Animal Health Australia AUSVETPLAN Decontamination Manual v3.2. Available online: file:///C:/Users/msbeato/Desktop/AVP_Decon_v3.2_2008-1.pdf."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veasey, S., and Muriana, P.M. (2016). Evaluation of Electrolytically-Generated Hypochlorous Acid (‘Electrolyzed Water’) for Sanitation of Meat and Meat-Contact Surfaces. Foods, 5."", ""OIE (2019). Terrestrial Animal Health Code: General Provisions, OIE."", ""FAO (2007). FAO Biosecurity Toolkit. Portal, FAO."", ""(2022, March 16). Regulation (EU) 2016/429 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on Transmissible Animal Diseases and Amending and Repealing Certain Acts in the Area of Animal Health (‘Animal Health Law’) Official Journal of the European Union. Available online: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.L_.2016.084.01.0001.01.ENG.""
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"Porcine Health Management","2022-07-28","2023-02-12","2022-12","10.1186/s40813-022-00277-8","2025-06-09","2055-5660","1","2022-07-28","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","29","29","14","Persistence of African swine fever virus on porous and non-porous fomites at environmental temperatures","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-022-00277-8","8","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal contagious disease affecting both domestic pigs and wild boars. Even though it is a non-zoonotic disease, ASF causes economic loss in swine industries across continents. ASF control and eradication are almost impossible since effective vaccines and direct antiviral treatment are not available. The persistence of ASFV on fomites plays an important role in the indirect transmission of ASFV to pigs encountering ASFV-contaminated fomites. ASFV persistence on porous and non-porous fomites (glass, metal, rubber, and cellulose paper) at different environmental temperatures was determined. The persistence of ASFV of fomites was determined by the rate of ASFV inactivation in terms of<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T,</jats:sub>or the time required to reduce ASFV per 1 log at each selected environmental temperature (<jats:italic>T</jats:italic>).<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T</jats:sub>is used to compare the persistence of ASFV on the fomites.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>The mean<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>25</jats:sub>,<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>33</jats:sub>, and<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>42</jats:sub>, of dried infectious ASFV on glass, metal, rubber, and paper were in the ranges 1.42–2.42, 0.72–1.94, and 0.07–0.23 days, respectively. The multiple<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T</jats:sub>were used to develop a<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T</jats:sub>model to predict the<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T</jats:sub>for some other environmental temperatures. The<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T</jats:sub>models to predict the persistence of dried infectious ASFV on glass, metal, rubber, and paper are log<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T</jats:sub> = (− T/21.51) + 1.34, log<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T</jats:sub> = (− T/20.42) + 1.47, log<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T</jats:sub> = (− T/14.91) + 2.03, and log<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T</jats:sub> = (− T/10.91) + 2.84, respectively. A spreadsheet as a quick and handy tool predicting the persistence time of dried infectious ASFV on fomites at various environmental temperatures based on these<jats:italic>D</jats:italic><jats:sub>T</jats:sub>models is available for public to download.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>Persistence of dried infectious ASFV on paper are significantly the longest at lower environmental temperatures whereas that of dried infectious ASFV on paper is significantly the shortest at higher environmental temperature.</jats:p></jats:sec>","Porc Health Manag","list(given = c(""Suphachai"", ""Tapanut"", ""Prakit"", ""Nutthakarn"", ""Walaiporn"", ""Chackrit""), family = c(""Nuanualsuwan"", ""Songkasupa"", ""Boonpornprasert"", ""Suwankitwat"", ""Lohlamoh"", ""Nuengjamnong""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), ORCID = c(NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2290-6789"", NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(NA, FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA))","list(URL = c(""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40813-022-00277-8.pdf"", ""https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40813-022-00277-8/fulltext.html"", ""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40813-022-00277-8.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""text/html"", ""application/pdf""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""277_CR1"", ""277_CR2"", ""277_CR3"", ""277_CR4"", ""277_CR5"", ""277_CR6"", ""277_CR7"", ""277_CR8"", ""277_CR9"", ""277_CR10"", ""277_CR11"", ""277_CR12"", ""277_CR13"", ""277_CR14"", ""277_CR15"", ""277_CR16"", ""277_CR17"", ""277_CR18"", ""277_CR19"", ""277_CR20"", ""277_CR21"", ""277_CR22"", ""277_CR23"", ""277_CR24"", ""277_CR25"", ""277_CR26"", ""277_CR27"", ""277_CR28"", ""277_CR29""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
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""DE Stallknecht"", ""K Domanska-Blicharz""), year = c(""1984"", ""2018"", ""2006"", NA, NA, ""1940"", ""1921"", NA, ""2017"", ""1997"", ""1994"", NA, ""2021"", ""2020"", ""2021"", ""2016"", ""2012"", ""2008"", ""2020"", ""2019"", ""2019"", NA, NA, NA, ""2011"", ""2017"", ""2007"", ""1990"", ""2010""), unstructured = c(""Carrascosa JL, Carazo JM, Carrascosa AL, Garcia N, Santisteban A, Vinuela E. General morphology and capsid fine structure of African swine fever virus particles. Virology. 1984;132:160–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(84)90100-4."", 
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""Not applicable."", ""The authors declare that they have no competing interests.""), order = c(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4), name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""first_online"", ""Ethics"", ""Ethics"", ""Ethics"", ""Ethics""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""First Online"", NA, NA, NA, NA), group.name = c(""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""EthicsHeading"", ""EthicsHeading"", ""EthicsHeading"", ""EthicsHeading""), group.label = c(""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Declarations"", ""Ethics approval and consent to participate"", 
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), article.title = c(""Seasonal patterns in human A (H5N1) virus infection: analysis of global cases."", ""Research progress in human infection with avian influenza H7N9 virus."", ""Pigs, poultry, and pandemic influenza: how zoonotic pathogens threaten human health."", ""Factors affecting stability and infectivity of SARS-CoV-2."", ""Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents."", ""Inactivation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 by WHO-recommended hand rub formulations and alcohols."", 
""Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by commercially available alcohol-based hand sanitizers."", ""Prognosis of possible reassortments in recent H5N2 epidemic influenza in USA: implications for computer-assisted surveillance as well as drug/vaccine design."", ""[Clinical aspects of human infection by the avian influenza virus]"", ""Risk factors for human infection with avian influenza A H5N1, Vietnam, 2004."", ""Avian influenza A viruses: evolution and zoonotic infection."", ""Use of personal protective measures by Thai households in areas with avian influenza outbreaks."", 
""Transmission of avian influenza viruses to and between humans."", ""Contact variables for exposure to avian influenza H5N1 virus at the human-animal interface."", ""The survival of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus on 4 household surfaces."", ""Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination."", ""Environmental persistence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus."", ""Survival of two avian respiratory viruses on porous and nonporous surfaces."", 
""Survival rate of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses at different temperatures."", ""Persistence of highly pathogenic and low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in footbaths and poultry manure."", ""Persistence of H5 and H7 avian influenza viruses in water."", ""Survivability of Eurasian H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in water varies between strains."", ""Avian influenza virus in water: infectivity is dependent on pH, salinity and temperature."", ""Survival of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in tissues derived from experimentally infected chickens."", 
""Infectivity of H7 LP and HP influenza viruses at different temperatures and pH and persistence of H7 HP virus in poultry meat at refrigeration temperature."", ""Survival of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus on the human skin: importance of hand hygiene in COVID-19."", ""Disinfectant effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses present on human skin: model-based evaluation."", ""Reply to Gracely."", ""Survival of influenza virus on human fingers."", ""Infectious illness prevention and control methods and their effectiveness in non-health workplaces: an integrated literature review."", 
""Readiness exercise to combat avian influenza."", ""Immunohistochemical staining of skin-expressed proteins to identify exfoliated epidermal cells for forensic purposes."", ""Culture and drug biotransformation capacity of adult human keratinocytes from post-mortem skin."", ""Evaluation of saline, RPMI and DMEM/F12 for storage of split-thickness skin grafts."", ""An ex vivo human skin model to study superficial fungal infections."", ""Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental conditions."", ""Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1."", 
""Inactivation of feline calicivirus, a surrogate of norovirus (formerly Norwalk-like viruses), by different types of alcohol in vitro and in vivo."", ""Povidone-iodine hand wash and hand rub products demonstrated excellent in vitro virucidal efficacy against Ebola virus and modified vaccinia virus Ankara, the new European test virus for enveloped viruses."", ""Rapid and effective virucidal activity of povidone-iodine products against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA)."", 
""Hand sanitizers: A review of ingredients, mechanisms of action, modes of delivery, and efficacy against coronaviruses."", ""A 20-amino-acid deletion in the neuraminidase stalk and a five-amino-acid deletion in the NS1 protein both contribute to the pathogenicity of H5N1 avian influenza viruses in mallard ducks."", ""Truncation or deglycosylation of the neuraminidase stalk enhances the pathogenicity of the H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus in mallard ducks.""), volume = c(""9"", ""60"", ""719"", ""106"", ""104"", 
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""Persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus in animals, their products and the environment"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Descriptive epidemiology of the 2001 foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in Great Britain: the first five months"", ""Environmental impacts of the foot and mouth disease outbreak in Great Britain in 2001 : the use of risk analysis to manage the risks in the countryside affected by foot and mouth"", NA, NA, ""The epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease: implications for New Zealand"", ""The pathogenesis and diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease"", 
""Foot-and-mouth disease: an assessment of the risks facing New Zealand"", ""Global foot-and-mouth disease research update and gap analysis : 2—epidemiology, wildlife and economics"", ""Clinical variation in foot and mouth disease: sheep and goats"", ""Foot-and-mouth disease: measurements of aerosol emission from pigs as a function of virus strain and initial dose"", ""Direct contact transmission of three different foot-and-mouth disease virus strains in swine demonstrates important strain-specific differences"", 
""Further investigations on the airborne excretion of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Pandemic strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O"", NA, ""Dynamics of the 2001 UK foot and mouth epidemic: stochastic dispersal in a heterogeneous landscape"", ""The construction and analysis of epidemic trees with reference to the 2001 UK foot-and-mouth outbreak"", ""Relationship between clinical signs and transmission of an infectious disease and the implications for control"", ""Foot and mouth disease virus transmission during the incubation period of the disease in piglets, lambs, calves, and dairy cows"", 
""Quantification of transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus caused by an environment contaminated with secretions and excretions from infected calves"", ""Foot-and-mouth disease virus infection of sheep : implications for diagnosis and control"", NA, ""Procedures for preventing the transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus to pigs and sheep by personnel in contact with infected pigs"", ""Procedures for preventing transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus (O/TAW/97) by people"", ""Transfer of foot-and-mouth disease virus in the nose of man from infected to non-infected animals"", 
""Short-lived carriage of foot-and-mouth disease virus in human nasal cavities after exposure to infected animals"", ""Control and eradication of foot-and-mouth disease"", NA, ""Virus survival in slurry: analysis of the stability of foot-and-mouth disease, classical swine fever, bovine viral diarrhoea and swine influenza viruses"", ""Disinfection of foot-and-mouth disease and African swine fever viruses with citric acid and sodium hypochlorite on birch wood carriers"", ""Disinfection of transboundary animal disease viruses on surfaces used in pork packing plants"", 
NA, ""Eradication of foot and mouth disease in Japan"", ""The potential role of wild and feral animals as reservoirs of foot-and-mouth disease"", ""Foot-and-mouth disease in British deer: transmission of virus to cattle, sheep and deer"", ""Experimental infection of wild boar and domestic pigs with a foot and mouth disease virus strain detected in the southeast of Bulgaria in December of 2010"", ""Serosurveillance of wild deer and wild boar after the epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease in The Netherlands in 2001"", 
""Absence of antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus in free-ranging roe deer from selected areas of Germany (2001–2002)"", ""Assessing the potential spread and maintenance of foot-and-mouth disease virus infection in wild ungulates: general principles and application to a specific scenario in Thrace"", ""Surveillance of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in susceptible wildlife and domestic ungulates in Southeast of Bulgaria following a FMD case in wild boar"", ""The risk of foot-and-mouth disease becoming endemic in a wildlife host is driven by spatial extent rather than density"", 
""Foot-and-mouth disease in the brown rat"", ""Foot and mouth disease in wildlife"", ""Quantitative aspects of the spread of foot and mouth disease"", ""Relevance of indirect transmission for wildlife disease surveillance"", ""Relative risks of the uncontrollable (airborne) spread of FMD by different species"", ""Dose-response relationships for foot and mouth disease in cattle and sheep"", ""Further studies to quantify the dose of natural aerosols of foot-and-mouth disease virus for pigs"", ""Different infection parameters between dairy cows and calves after an infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Chiodini RJ"", ""Chiodini RJ"", ""Cirillo JD"", NA, NA, ""Collins DM"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Elzo MA"", ""Falkinham JO"", NA, ""Ferroglio E"", NA, ""Fischer OA"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Greig A"", NA, NA, ""Griffin JFT"", NA, NA, NA, ""Jamieson RC"", ""Jessup DA"", ""Johne HA"", ""Johnson-Ifearulundu Y"", NA, ""Jorgensen JB"", NA, NA, ""Katayama N"", ""Katic I"", ""Khol JL"", NA, ""Kopecky KE"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Larsen AB"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Manning EJB"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""McGrath D"", NA, ""Merkal RS"", ""Merkal RS"", NA, ""Milner AR"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Notario A"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Pavlik I"", ""Penberthy J"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Raizman EA"", ""Raizman EA"", ""Rankin JD"", NA, NA, ""Rhodes G"", ""Richards WD"", NA, ""Riemann H"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Scott HM"", ""Scott HM"", NA, ""Slana I"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Streeter RN"", NA, NA, NA, ""Thoen CO"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""USDA:APHIS:VS"", ""USDA:APHIS:VS"", ""van Ulsen FW"", ""Vishnevskii PP"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, ""1958"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1981"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1974"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1983"", ""1984"", ""1997"", NA, NA, ""1990"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2006"", ""2009"", NA, ""2000"", NA, ""2003"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1999"", NA, NA, ""1988"", NA, NA, NA, ""2002"", ""1981"", ""1895"", ""1999"", NA, ""1977"", NA, NA, ""2000"", ""1961"", ""2010"", NA, ""1977"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1956"", NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2001"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1982"", NA, ""1974"", ""1975"", NA, ""1987"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2010"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2010"", ""1912"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2005"", ""2011"", ""1958"", NA, NA, ""2013"", ""1981"", NA, ""1979"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2006"", ""2007"", NA, ""2008"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1995"", NA, NA, NA, ""1977"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2008"", ""2010"", ""1970"", ""1940"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, ""Monatshefte fuer Veterinaermedizin"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Am J Vet Res"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J Am Vet Med Assoc"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J Am Vet Med Assoc"", ""Cornell Vet"", ""Infect Immun"", NA, NA, ""J Clin Microbiol"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J Anim Sci"", ""J Appl Environ"", NA, ""Rev Sci Tech OIE"", NA, ""Vet Med"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J Clin Microbiol"", NA, NA, ""Irish Vet J"", NA, NA, NA, ""Can Biosyst Eng"", ""J Am Vet Med Assoc"", ""Dtsch Z Thiermed Vergl Path"", ""Am J Vet Res"", NA, 
""Nord Vet Med"", NA, NA, ""Grassland Sci"", ""Nord Vet Med"", ""Vet Med-Czech"", NA, ""J Am Vet Med Assoc"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Am J Vet Res"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Rev Sci Tech"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Irish J Agr Res"", NA, ""Appl Microbiol"", ""Am J Vet Res"", NA, ""Res Vet Sci"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Not Sci Biol"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Vet Med-Czech"", ""J Roy Agric Soc"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Can J Vet Res"", ""Can J Vet Res"", ""Vet Rec"", NA, NA, ""Environ Microbiol"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", 
NA, ""J Am Vet Med Assoc"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Can Vet J"", ""Can Vet J"", NA, ""Vet Med-Czech"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Am J Vet Res"", NA, NA, NA, ""J Am Vet Med Assoc"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Tijdschr Diergen Eesk"", ""Sov Vet"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Amand WB. (1974). Paratuberculosis in a dromedary camel. An Proc AAZV. Atlanta, GA. pp.150–3"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Collins MT, Zhao BY. (1994). Comparison of the commercial serum antibody ELISA, γ interferon test kit, and radiometric fecal culture for early diagnosis of Paratuberculosis in experimentally affected Holstein calves. In: Chiodini RJ, Collins MT, Bassey EOE, eds. Proceedings of the fourth international colloquium on paratuberculosis. Evergreen Press, East Providence, 67–76"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""de Lisle G, Yates GF, Cavaignac SM, et al. (2003).Mycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisin feral ferrets – a potential reservoir of Johne’s disease. In: Juste RA, Geijo MV, Garrido JM, eds. Proceedings of the seventh international colloquium on paratuberculosis. International Association for Paratuberculosis Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, 361–2"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mackintosh CG, Griffin JF. (2010). Paratuberculosis in deer, camelids and other ruminants. In: Behr MA, Collins DM, eds. Paratuberculosis: organism, disease, control. Oxfordshire, UK: CABI, 179–87"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Stevenson K. (2010). Comparative differences between strains ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis. In: Behr MA, Collins DM, eds. Paratuberculosis: organism, disease, control. Oxfordshire, UK: CABI, 126–37"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""NAHMS 2007: Johne’s disease on US dairy operations"", ""Uniform program standards for the voluntary bovine Johne’s disease control program"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.3109/1040841X.2013.867830","2014-03-26","en","NULL","NULL","https://doi.org/10.1080/tandf_crossmark_01","list(value = c(""The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope."", ""http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=imby20""), order = 1:2, name = c(""peerreview_statement"", ""aims_and_scope_url""), label = c(""Peer Review Statement"", ""Aim & Scope""), URL = c(NA, ""http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=imby20""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Elliott","2014","Elliott et al., 2014"
"Animals","2022-01-26","2024-07-25",NA,"10.3390/ani12030284","2025-05-23","2076-2615","3","2022-01-24","1968","284","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","36","36","18","Survival of Escherichia coli in Airborne and Settled Poultry Litter Particles","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030284","12","<jats:p>Airborne Escherichia coli (E. coli) in the poultry environment can migrate inside and outside houses through air movement. The airborne E. coli, after settling on surfaces, could be re-aerosolized or picked up by vectors (e.g., caretakers, rodents, transport trucks) for further transmission. To assess the impacts of airborne E. coli transmission among poultry farms, understanding the survivability of the bacteria is necessary. The objective of this study is to determine the survivability of airborne E. coli, settled E. coli, and E. coli in poultry litter under laboratory environmental conditions (22–28 °C with relative humidity of 54–63%). To determine the survivability of airborne E. coli, an AGI-30 bioaerosol sampler (AGI-30) was used to collect the E. coli at 0 and 20 min after the aerosolization. The half-life time of airborne E. coli was then determined by comparing the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) of the two samplings. To determine the survivability of settled E. coli, four sterile Petri dishes were placed on the chamber floor right after the aerosolization to collect settled E. coli. The Petri dishes were then divided into two groups, with each group being quantified for culturable E. coli concentrations and dust particle weight at 24-h intervals. The survivability of settled E. coli was then determined by comparing the number of viable E. coli per milligram settled dust collected in the Petri dishes in the two groups. The survivability of E. coli in the poultry litter sample (for aerosolization) was also determined. Results show that the half-life time of airborne E. coli was 5.7 ± 1.2 min. The survivability of E. coli in poultry litter and settled E. coli were much longer with the half-life time of 15.9 ± 1.3 h and 9.6 ± 1.6 h, respectively. In addition, the size distribution of airborne E. coli attached to dust particles and the size distribution of airborne dust particles were measured by using an Andersen impactor and a dust concentration monitor (DustTrak). Results show that most airborne E. coli (98.89% of total E. coli) were carried by the dust particles with aerodynamic diameter larger than 2.1 µm. The findings of this study may help better understand the fate of E. coli transmitted through the air and settled on surfaces and evaluate the impact of airborne transmission in poultry production.</jats:p>","Animals","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-8335"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7809-6514"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4206-2042"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0377-1030"", NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NA), given = c(""Xuan Dung"", ""Yang"", ""Jeffrey D."", ""Jun"", ""Joseph L.""), family = c(""Nguyen"", ""Zhao"", ""Evans"", ""Lin"", ""Purswell""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"", 
""Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"", ""Poultry Research Unit, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA"", ""Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"", ""Poultry Research Unit, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA""))","list(URL = ""https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/284/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref_1"", ""ref_2"", ""ref_3"", ""ref_4"", ""ref_5"", ""ref_6"", ""ref_7"", ""ref_8"", ""ref_9"", ""ref_10"", ""ref_11"", ""ref_12"", ""ref_13"", ""ref_14"", ""ref_15"", ""ref_16"", ""ref_17"", ""ref_18"", ""ref_19"", ""ref_20"", ""ref_21"", ""ref_22"", ""ref_23"", ""ref_24"", ""ref_25"", ""ref_26"", ""ref_27"", ""ref_28"", ""ref_29"", ""ref_30"", ""ref_31"", ""ref_32"", ""ref_33"", ""ref_34"", ""ref_35"", ""ref_36""), unstructured = c(""(2020). Poultry—Production and Value 2020 Summary."", NA, ""Saif, Y., Barnes, H., Glisson, J., Fadly, A., McDougald, L., and Swayne, D. (2008). Diseases of Poultry, Blackwell Pub Professional. [12th ed.]."", 
""Fancher, C.A., Zhang, L., Kiess, A.S., Adhikari, P.A., Dinh, T.T., and Sukumaran, A.T. (2020). Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens: Challenges in no antibiotics ever broiler production and potential solutions. Microorganisms, 8."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Sanz, S., Olarte, C., Hidalgo-Sanz, R., Ruiz-Ripa, L., Fernández-Fernández, R., García-Vela, S., Martínez-Álvarez, S., and Torres, C.J.A. (2021). Airborne Dissemination of Bacteria (Enterococci, Staphylococci and Enterobacteriaceae) in a Modern Broiler Farm and Its Environment. Animals, 11."", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Chan, W.L., Chung, W.T., and Ng, T.W. (2019). Airborne Survival of Escherichia coli under Different Culture Conditions in Synthetic Wastewater. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16."", NA, NA, NA, ""Nguyen, X.D., Zhao, Y., Evans, J.D., Lin, J., Schneider, L., Voy, B., Hawkins, S.A., and Purswell, J.L. (2021, January 12–16). Evaluation of bioaerosol samplers for collecting airborne E. coli carried by dust particles from poultry litter. Proceedings of the 2021 ASABE Annual International Virtual Meeting, Virtual."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Hoeksma, P., Aarnink, A.J.A., and Ogink, N.W.M. (2015). Effect of Temperature and Relative Humidity on the Survival of Airborne Bacteria = Effect van Temperatuur en Relatieve Luchtvochtig-Heid op de Overleving van Bacteriën in de Lucht, Wageningen UR Livestock Research. 1570-8616."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""), first.page = c(NA, ""637"", NA, NA, ""37"", ""100142"", ""90"", ""9"", ""758"", ""e12421"", ""227"", ""866"", NA, ""1071"", ""11755"", ""445"", NA, ""373"", ""439"", ""1064"", NA, ""30"", ""858"", ""432"", ""2"", NA, ""227"", ""5781"", ""149"", ""287"", ""1910"", ""67"", ""106156"", ""4368"", 
""20180779"", ""125""), DOI = c(NA, ""10.1637/11395-021816-Reg.1"", NA, ""10.20944/preprints202009.0709.v1"", ""10.1046/j.1439-0450.2000.00308.x"", ""10.1016/j.japr.2021.100142"", ""10.1093/japr/7.1.90"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2012.00009"", ""10.1080/10495398.2020.1754841"", ""10.1111/jfs.12421"", ""10.1016/S0021-8634(86)80038-5"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2016.00866"", ""10.3390/ani11061783"", ""10.1080/10643389.2012.746064"", ""10.1038/s41598-019-47788-z"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.04.021"", ""10.3390/ijerph16234745"", ""10.1080/02786826.2012.754841"", 
""10.1080/02786829708965483"", ""10.14202/vetworld.2018.1064-1073"", ""10.13031/aim.202100065"", ""10.1637/0005-2086(2005)49[30:RACDCA]2.0.CO;2"", ""10.13031/2013.34036"", ""10.1080/02786826.2010.543197"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.mimet.2009.06.004"", ""10.1128/AEM.00465-12"", ""10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i1930721"", ""10.1093/japr/9.3.287"", ""10.1111/jam.14268"", ""10.1016/j.jaerosci.2014.01.002"", ""10.1016/j.envint.2020.106156"", ""10.1039/c3sm27705d"", ""10.1098/rsif.2018.0779"", ""10.1007/s11270-006-1808-x""), article.title = c(NA, 
""Investigation into the airborne dissemination of H5N2 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus during the 2015 spring outbreaks in the Midwestern United States"", NA, NA, ""Airborne gram-negative bacterial flora in animal houses"", ""Evaluation of commercially manufactured animal feeds to determine presence of Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens"", ""Microbiological survey of Georgia poultry litter"", ""Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli: A Combination of Virulence with Antibiotic Resistance"", 
""Effect of probiotic preparations (EM) on productive characteristics, carcass composition, and microbial contamination in a commercial broiler chicken farm"", ""Chicken fillets subjected to UV-C and pulsed UV light: Reduction of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria, and changes in sensory quality"", ""Dust in livestock buildings—Review of some aspects"", ""Antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli survived in dust samples for more than 20 years"", NA, ""Airborne Microorganisms from Livestock Production Systems and Their Relation to Dust"", 
""Airborne transmission may have played a role in the spread of 2015 highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in the United States"", ""The survival of Escherichia coli O157 on a range of metal surfaces"", NA, ""Association of airborne virus infectivity and survivability with its carrier particle size"", ""Increased airborne bacterial survival as a function of particle content and size"", ""Effectiveness of poultry litter amendments on bacterial survival and Eimeria oocyst sporulation"", NA, ""Relative ammonia concentrations, dust concentrations, and presence of Salmonella species and Escherichia coli inside and outside commercial layer facilities"", 
""Bacterial pollution from agricultural sources: A review"", ""Investigation of the efficiencies of bioaerosol samplers for collecting aerosolized bacteria using a fluorescent tracer. II: Sampling efficiency and half-life time"", ""Escherichia coli pathogen O157: H7 does not survive longer in soil than a nonpathogenic fecal coliform"", NA, ""Microwave sterilization of growth medium alleviates inhibition of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans by Maillard reaction products"", ""Effects of relative humidity and spraying medium on UV decontamination of filters loaded with viral aerosols"", 
""Comparative Evaluation of Inherent Antimicrobial Properties and Bacterial Surface Adherence between Copper and Stainless Steel Suction Tube"", ""Survey of pathogens in poultry litter in the United States"", ""Composts of poultry litter or dairy manure differentially affect survival of enteric bacteria in fields with spinach"", ""A systematic comparison of four bioaerosol generators: Affect on culturability and cell membrane integrity when aerosolizing Escherichia coli bacteria"", ""Airborne bacterial communities of outdoor environments and their associated influencing factors"", 
""Bacteria–surface interactions"", ""Assessing the airborne survival of bacteria in populations of aerosol droplets with a novel technology"", ""Transport of fecal bacteria from poultry litter and cattle manures applied to pastureland""), volume = c(NA, ""60"", NA, NA, ""47"", ""30"", ""7"", ""3"", ""32"", ""38"", ""33"", ""7"", NA, ""44"", ""9"", ""105"", NA, ""47"", ""27"", ""11"", NA, ""49"", ""26"", ""45"", ""32"", NA, ""78"", ""78"", ""32"", ""9"", ""126"", ""70"", ""145"", ""9"", ""16"", ""169""), author = c(NA, ""Torremorell"", NA, NA, ""Zucker"", ""Munoz"", 
""Martin"", ""Pitout"", NA, ""McLeod"", ""Carpenter"", ""Schulz"", NA, ""Zhao"", ""Zhao"", ""Wilks"", NA, ""Zuo"", ""Lighthart"", ""Soliman"", NA, ""Davis"", ""Crane"", ""Zhao"", ""Mubiru"", NA, ""Bhattacharjee"", ""Woo"", ""Ketkar"", ""Terzich"", ""Neher"", ""Zhen"", ""Acuna"", ""Tuson"", ""Fernandez"", ""Soupir""), year = c(NA, ""2016"", NA, NA, ""2000"", ""2021"", ""1998"", ""2012"", ""2021"", ""2018"", ""1986"", ""2016"", NA, ""2014"", ""2019"", ""2005"", NA, ""2013"", ""1997"", ""2018"", NA, ""2005"", ""1983"", ""2011"", ""2000"", NA, ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2020"", ""2000"", ""2019"", ""2014"", 
""2020"", ""2013"", ""2019"", ""2006""), journal.title = c(NA, ""Avian Dis."", NA, NA, ""J. Vet. Med. B Infect Dis. Vet. Public Health"", ""J. Appl. Poult. Res."", ""J. Appl. Poult. Res."", ""Front. Microbiol."", ""Anim. Biotechnol."", ""J. Food Saf."", ""J. Agric. Eng. Res."", ""Front. Microbiol."", NA, ""Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol."", ""Sci. Rep."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", NA, ""Aerosol Sci. Technol."", ""Aerosol Sci. Technol."", ""Vet. World"", NA, ""Avian Dis."", ""Trans. ASAE"", ""Aerosol Sci. Technol."", ""Agron. Notes"", NA, 
""J. Microbiol. Methods"", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""J. Pharm. Res. Int."", ""J. Appl. Poult. Res."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""J. Aerosol Sci."", ""Environ. Int."", ""Soft Matter"", ""J. R. Soc. Interface"", ""Water Air Soil Pollut.""))","ani12030284","2022-01-24","en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/100000199"", name = ""United States Department of Agriculture"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", award = ""6064-13000-013-00D"", id.id = ""10.13039/100000199"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = ""2022-01-24"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Nguyen","2022","Nguyen et al., 2022"
"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","2011-01-15","2022-02-23","2011-03","10.1128/aem.01329-10","2025-05-02","0099-2240,1098-5336","5","2011-03","235","1797-1803","10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","33","33","43","Survival of
            <i>Escherichia coli</i>
            , Enterococci, and
            <i>Campylobacter</i>
            spp. in Sheep Feces on Pastures","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01329-10","77","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
          <jats:p>
            The survival of enteric bacteria in 10 freshly collected sheep fecal samples on pastures was measured in each of four seasons. Ten freshly collected feces were placed on pasture, and concentrations of
            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic>
            , enterococci, and
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            spp. were monitored until exhaustion of the fecal samples. In all four seasons, there was an increase in enterococcal concentrations by up to 3 orders of magnitude, with peak concentrations recorded between 11 and 28 days after deposition.
            <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>
            concentrations increased in three out of four seasons by up to 1.5 orders of magnitude, with peak concentrations recorded between 8 and 14 days after deposition. The apparent growth of
            <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>
            and enterococci was strongly influenced by the initial water content of the feces and the moisture gained during periods of rehydration following rainfalls. Conversely, the results suggested that dehydration promoted inactivation.
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            spp. did not grow and were rapidly inactivated at a rate that tended to be faster at higher temperatures. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of a selection of
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            spp. suggested that these survival data are applicable to a range of
            <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>
            spp., including the most frequently isolated PFGE genotype from sheep in New Zealand, and to genotypes previously observed to cause disease in humans. The results of this study are currently being incorporated into a fecal microbe reservoir model that is designed to assist water managers' abilities to estimate microbial loads on pastures grazed by sheep, including the influence of factors such as rainfall and temperature.
          </jats:p>","Appl Environ Microbiol","list(given = c(""Elaine M."", ""Margaret L."", ""Naveena"", ""Lester W.""), family = c(""Moriarty"", ""Mackenzie"", ""Karki"", ""Sinton""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Christchurch Science Centre, Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd., Christchurch, New Zealand"", ""Christchurch Science Centre, Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd., Christchurch, New Zealand"", ""Christchurch Science Centre, Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd., Christchurch, New Zealand"", 
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""10.1128/AEM.71.9.4992-4997.2005"", ""10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.01.010"", ""10.1128/AEM.01620-07"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03347.x"", NA, ""10.1080/00288330.1999.9516911"", ""10.1108/00070700410558175"", ""10.2175/106143002X139839""), first.page = c(NA, ""249"", NA, NA, NA, ""565"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, ""27"", NA, NA, NA, ""47"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""ESR. May 2010 posting date. EpiSurv. Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited Wellington New Zealand. http://www.surv.esr.cri.nz/episurv/index.php."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Microbiological water quality guidelines for marine and freshwater recreational areas. 2003"", ""Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. 2010. Livestock statistics. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Wellington New Zealand. http://www.maf.govt.nz/news-resources/statistics-forecasting/livestock-statistics.aspx."", 
""N. Z. J. Agric. Res."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Assessing the relative importance of faecal pollution in rural catchments. 2006"", NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, ""Commun. Dis. Intell."", NA, NA, NA, ""N. Z. J. Mar. Freshwater Res."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1128/AEM.01329-10",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2011-03-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","list(value = c(""2010-06-03"", ""2010-12-18"", ""2011-02-24""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Moriarty","2011","Moriarty et al., 2011"
"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","2013-01-12","2023-06-28","2013-03","10.1128/aem.03472-12","2025-06-14","0099-2240,1098-5336","5","2013-03","235","1697-1703","10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","19","19","95","Presence and Persistence of Coxiella burnetii in the Environments of Goat Farms Associated with a Q Fever Outbreak","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.03472-12","79","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by inhalation of the bacterium<jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Coxiella burnetii</jats:named-content>. Ruminant livestock are common reservoirs for<jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">C. burnetii</jats:named-content>, and bacteria present in aerosols derived from the waste of infected animals can infect humans. The significance of infection from material deposited in the environment versus transmission directly from infected animals is not known. In 2011, an outbreak of Q fever cases on farms in Washington and Montana was associated with infected goats. A study was undertaken to investigate the quantity and spatial distribution of<jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">C. burnetii</jats:named-content>in the environment of these goat farms. Soil, vacuum, and sponge samples collected on seven farms epidemiologically linked to the outbreak were tested for the presence of<jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">C. burnetii</jats:named-content>DNA by quantitative PCR. Overall, 70.1% of the samples were positive for<jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">C. burnetii</jats:named-content>. All farms had positive samples, but the quantity of<jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">C. burnetii</jats:named-content>varied widely between samples and between farms. High quantities of<jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">C. burnetii</jats:named-content>DNA were in goat housing/birthing areas, and only small quantities were found in samples collected more than 50 m from these areas. Follow-up sampling at one of the farms 1 year after the outbreak found small quantities of<jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">C. burnetii</jats:named-content>DNA in air samples and large quantities of<jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">C. burnetii</jats:named-content>persisting in soil and vacuum samples. The results suggest that the highest concentrations of environmental<jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">C. burnetii</jats:named-content>are found in goat birthing areas and that contamination of other areas is mostly associated with human movement.</jats:p>","Appl Environ Microbiol","list(given = c(""Gilbert J."", ""Kelly A."", ""Joshua S."", ""Rachael A."", ""Aubree J."", ""R. Ryan"", ""Nicola"", ""Randall J."", ""Adam"", ""Robert F."", ""Alicia D.""), family = c(""Kersh"", ""Fitzpatrick"", ""Self"", ""Priestley"", ""Kelly"", ""Lash"", ""Marsden-Haug"", ""Nett"", ""Bjork"", ""Massung"", ""Anderson""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA"", 
""Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA"", ""Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA"", ""Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA"", ""Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA"", ""Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA"", 
""Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, Washington, USA"", NA, ""Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA"", ""Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA"", ""Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA""), affiliation1.name = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Career Epidemiology Field Officer Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"", 
NA, NA, NA), affiliation2.name = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Bureau, Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services, Helena, Montana, USA"", NA, NA, NA))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.03472-12"", ""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.03472-12""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_3_2_2_2"", ""e_1_3_2_3_2"", ""e_1_3_2_4_2"", ""e_1_3_2_5_2"", ""e_1_3_2_6_2"", ""e_1_3_2_7_2"", ""e_1_3_2_8_2"", ""e_1_3_2_9_2"", ""e_1_3_2_10_2"", ""e_1_3_2_11_2"", ""e_1_3_2_12_2"", ""e_1_3_2_13_2"", ""e_1_3_2_14_2"", ""e_1_3_2_15_2"", ""e_1_3_2_16_2"", ""e_1_3_2_17_2"", ""e_1_3_2_18_2"", ""e_1_3_2_19_2"", ""e_1_3_2_20_2""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1128/CMR.12.4.518"", ""10.4065/83.5.574"", ""10.2807/ese.15.12.19520-en"", ""10.4269/ajtmh.2009.09-0168"", ""10.1089/15303660260613747"", ""10.1111/j.1749-6632.1958.tb35409.x"", ""10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb42235.x"", ""10.1128/jb.147.3.1063-1076.1981"", NA, ""10.1128/AEM.00042-10"", ""10.3201/eid1007.030724"", ""10.1186/1471-2334-10-69"", ""10.1128/AEM.07323-11"", NA, ""10.1128/AEM.02825-09"", ""10.1128/JCM.00758-10"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0026201"", ""10.3201/eid1108.041354"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2011. Notes from the field: Q fever outbreak associated with goat farms—Washington and Montana, 2011. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 60:1393."", NA, NA, NA, ""GlazunovaO RouxV FreylikmanO SekeyovaZ FournousG TyczkaJ TokarevichN KovacavaE MarrieTJ RaoultD. 2005. Coxiella burnetii genotyping. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 11:1211–1217."", NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""180"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1393"", NA, NA, NA, ""1211"", NA
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""Inactivation and survival of hepatitis C virus on inanimate surfaces"", ""A cell culture model for producing high titer hepatitis E virus stocks"", ""In vivo evidence for ribavirin-induced mutagenesis of the hepatitis E virus genome"", ""A disc-based quantitative carrier test method to assess the virucidal activity of chemical germicides"", NA, NA, ""The global burden of hepatitis E outbreaks: a systematic review"", ""Hepatitis E virus: foodborne, waterborne and zoonotic transmission""), volume = c(""1"", 
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"American Journal of Infection Control","2014-03-26","2018-10-05","2014-04","10.1016/j.ajic.2013.10.016","2025-04-09","0196-6553","4","2014-04","78","423-425","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","10","10","35","The survival of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus on 4 household surfaces","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2013.10.016","42",NA,"American Journal of Infection Control","list(given = c(""John"", ""Eitan N."", ""Patrice"", ""Dominic E."", ""Martin"", ""Laura A."", ""Mitsuo"", ""Christopher"", ""Kgosi"", ""Donald E."", ""Tariq Ahmed"", ""Joseph R."", ""Narendra"", ""Barry D."", ""Carlo"", ""Philip M."", ""Xuhui""), family = c(""Oxford"", ""Berezin"", ""Courvalin"", ""Dwyer"", ""Exner"", ""Jana"", ""Kaku"", ""Lee"", ""Letlape"", ""Low"", ""Madani"", ""Rubino"", ""Saini"", ""Schoub"", ""Signorelli"", ""Tierno"", ""Zhong""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", 
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NA, NA, ""687"", ""1687"", ""103"", ""47"", ""284"", ""e27932"", ""1053""), DOI = c(""10.1371/journal.pone.0008987"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70121-4"", ""10.1128/AEM.02051-06"", NA, ""10.1093/infdis/146.1.47"", ""10.1637/7453-101205R.1"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0027932"", ""10.1086/656581""), article.title = c(""Effectiveness of common household cleaning agents in reducing the viability of human influenza A/H1N1"", NA, NA, ""Estimated global mortality associated with the first 12 months of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus circulation: a modelling study"", 
""Significance of fomites in the spread of respiratory and enteric viral disease"", ""The occurrence of influenza A virus on household and day care center fomites"", ""Survival of influenza viruses on environmental surfaces"", ""Survival of two avian respiratory viruses on porous and nonporous surfaces"", ""Survival of influenza A(H1N1) on materials found in households: implications for infection control"", ""Influenza virus contamination of common household surfaces during the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in Bangkok, Thailand: implications for contact transmission""
), volume = c(""5"", NA, NA, ""12"", ""73"", ""51"", ""146"", ""50"", ""6"", ""51""), author = c(""Greatorex"", NA, NA, ""Dawood"", ""Boone"", ""Boone"", ""Bean"", ""Tiwari"", ""Greatorex"", ""Simmerman""), year = c(""2010"", NA, NA, ""2012"", ""2007"", ""2005"", ""1982"", ""2006"", ""2011"", ""2010""), journal.title = c(""PLoS One"", NA, NA, ""Lancet Infect Dis"", ""Appl Environ Microbiol"", ""J Infect"", ""J Infect Dis"", ""Avian Dis"", ""PLoS One"", ""Clin Infect Dis""), unstructured = c(NA, ""World Health Organization. World now at the start of 2009 influenza pandemic. 2009. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2009/h1n1_pandemic_phase6_20090611/en/. Accessed November 15, 2013."", 
""World Health Organization. Global Alert and Response (GAR): pandemic (H1N1) 2009 – update 112. 2010. Available from: http://www.who.int/csr/don/2010_08_06/en/index.html. Accessed November 15, 2013."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0196655313013321",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2014-04-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Oxford","2014","Oxford et al., 2014"
"Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira","2022-04-06","2022-04-06",NA,"10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6987","2025-02-21","1678-5150,0100-736X",NA,"2022","530",NA,"10.1590","FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","1","Crossref","26","26","0","Efficacy of disinfectants to inactivate H1N1 influenza A virus isolated from pigs","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6987","42","<jats:p>ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to access the efficacy of four disinfectants to inactivate influenza A [H1N1] 0 hour and 72 hours after disinfectant dilution. A pandemic H1N1 influenza virus isolated from a pig with respiratory disease was used to obtain inoculums containing 6.4log10 EID50/mL; 5.4log10 EID50/mL; 4.4log10 EID50/mL and 3.4log10 EID50/mL. Suspension test was composed of 400μL of viral inoculum, 100μL of organic load and 500μL of each individually diluted disinfectant and incubated for ten minutes of contact time. After a neutralizing step, each mixture was filtered on a 0.22μm membrane and 0.2mL was inoculated in six 9-day-old embryo chicken egg through allantoic route. The allantoic fluid from eggs was harvest for RT-PCR and hemagglutination test. The experiment was repeated 72 hours after disinfectant dilution. On the first assessment with fresh disinfectant, influenza virus was inactivated by oxidizing compost disinfectant and phenolic disinfectant in all virus concentrations, the quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) and glutaraldehyde association inactivated the virus up to a concentration of 5.4log10 EID50/mL. QAC disinfectant did not eliminate virus viability. Seventy-two hours after disinfectants were diluted, oxidizing compost disinfectant and QAC and glutaraldehyde association disinfectant demonstrated the same result as the evaluation with fresh disinfectant solution. Phenolic disinfectant inactivated viral inoculum up to a concentration of 5.4log10 EID50/mL. QAC had no effect on inactivating 3.4log10 EID50/mL of influenza virus. In conclusion, three of the four disinfectants tested were effective to inactivate pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in the presence of organic load. Test result performed 72hours after disinfectant dilution suggest a decrease in the effectiveness of one disinfectant.</jats:p>","Pesq. Vet. Bras.","list(given = c(""Anne C."", ""Filipe S."", ""Karine L."", ""Fernando P."", ""David E.S.N. de""), family = c(""Lara"", ""Fernando"", ""Takeuti"", ""Bortolozzo"", ""Barcellos""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,  Brazil"", ""Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health,  Brazil"", ""Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,  Brazil"", NA, ""Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,  Brazil""), ORCID = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4963-435X""
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""10.1371/journal.pone.0146616"", ""10.1016/j.tim.2014.12.002"", ""10.1128/AEM.04046-15"", NA, ""10.1111/zph.12424"", NA, ""10.1292/jvms.17-0599"", ""10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.1091"", ""10.1086/676863"", NA, ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01300.x""), article.title = c(""Indirect transmission of influenza A virus between pig populations under two different biosecurity settings"", ""Swine influenza A: viruses and the tangled relationship with humans"", NA, ""Survival of influenza viruses on environmental surfaces"", ""Efficacy of disinfectants against porcine rotavirus in the presence and absence of organic matter"", 
""Inactivation of avian influenza viruses by chemical agents and physical conditions: a review"", NA, ""Quaternary ammonium biocides: efficacy in application"", ""Inactivation of infectious bursal disease and Newcastle disease viruses at temperatures below 0oc using chemical disinfectants"", ""Persistence of highly pathogenic and low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in footbaths and poultry manure"", ""Viscosity is an important factor of resistance to alcohol-based disinfectants by pathogens present in mucus"", 
""Lipid composition of the viral envelope of three strains of influenza virus-not all viruses are created equal"", ""Chemicals used as disinfectants: active ingredients and enhancing additives"", ""Inactivation of influenza A virus H1N1 by disinfection process"", ""In Vitro inactivation of two Egyptian A/H5N1 viruses by four commercial chemical disinfectants"", ""Characterization of viral load, viability and persistence of influenza A virus in air and on surfaces of swine production facilities"", ""Reverse zoonosis of influenza to swine: new perspectives on the human-animal interface"", 
""Persistence of influenza A (H1N1) virus on stainless steel surfaces"", NA, ""Porcine respiratory disease complex after the introduction of H1N1/2009 influenza virus in Brazil"", ""A simple method of estimating fifty per cent end points"", ""Bactericidal and virucidal efficacies of potassium monopersulfate and its application for inactivating avian influenza virus on virus-spiked clothes"", ""The effect of various disinfectants on detection of avian influenza virus by real time RT-PCR"", ""Effectiveness of common healthcare disinfectants against H1N1 influenza virus on reusable elastomeric respirators"", 
NA, ""Transmission of influenza A virus in pigs""), volume = c(""8"", ""11"", NA, ""146"", ""61"", ""54"", NA, ""81"", ""58"", ""61"", ""7"", ""1"", ""14"", ""38"", ""58"", ""11"", ""23"", ""82"", NA, ""65"", ""27"", ""80"", ""47"", ""35"", NA, ""59""), author = c(""Allerson M.W."", ""Anderson T.K."", NA, ""Bean B."", ""Chandler-Bostock R."", ""De Benedictis P."", ""Dvorak G."", ""Gerba C.P."", ""Guan J."", ""Hauck R."", ""Hirose R."", ""Ivanova P.T."", ""Jeffrey D.J."", ""Jeong E.K."", ""Marzouk H."", ""Neira V."", ""Nelson M.I."", ""Perry K.A."", ""Prince H.N."", ""Rech R.R."", 
""Reed L.J."", ""Sonthipet S."", ""Suarez D.L."", ""Subhash S.S."", ""Swenson S.L."", ""Torremorell M.""), year = c(""2013"", ""2021"", ""1990"", ""1982"", ""2015"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2015"", ""2014"", ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2015"", ""1995"", ""2010"", ""2014"", ""2016"", ""2015"", ""2016"", ""2001"", ""2018"", ""1938"", ""2018"", ""2003"", ""2014"", ""2018"", ""2012""), journal.title = c(""PLoS One"", ""Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."", NA, ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Lett. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Zoonoses Publ. Health"", NA, ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Avian Dis."", ""Avian Dis."", 
""Nature Scient. Rep."", ""ACS Infect. Dis."", ""Rev. Scient. Technol."", ""Am. J. Infect. Control"", ""Avian Dis."", ""PLoS One"", ""Trends Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", NA, ""Zoonoses Publ. Health"", ""Am. J. Hyg."", ""J. Vet. Med. Sci."", ""Avian Dis."", ""Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."", NA, ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis.""), series.title = c(NA, NA, ""Official methods of analysis"", NA, NA, NA, ""Disinfection 101"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation"", NA, 
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"Veterinary Medicine International","2021-02-06","2023-10-20","2021-02-05","10.1155/2021/8812898","2025-05-27","2042-0048,2090-8113",NA,"2021-02-05","311","1-19","10.1155","Wiley","1","Crossref","155","155","56","Does Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis Survival in the Environment Confound Bovine Tuberculosis Control and Eradication? A Literature Review","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8812898","2021","<jats:p>Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is one of the globe’s most common, multihost zoonoses and results in substantial socioeconomic costs for governments, farming industries, and tax payers. Despite decades of surveillance and research, surprisingly, little is known about the exact mechanisms of transmission. In particular, as a facultative intracellular pathogen, to what extent does survival of the causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis (M. bovis), in the environment constitute an epidemiological risk for livestock and wildlife? Due largely to the classical pathology of cattle cases, the received wisdom was that bTB was spread by direct inhalation and exchange of bioaerosols containing droplets laden with bacteria. Other members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) exhibit differing host ranges, an apparent capacity to persist in environmental fomites, and they favour a range of different transmission routes. It is possible, therefore, that infection from environmental sources of M. bovis could be a disease transmission risk. Recent evidence from GPS-collared cattle and badgers in Britain and Ireland suggests that direct transmission by infectious droplets or aerosols may not be the main mechanism for interspecies transmission, raising the possibility of indirect transmission involving a contaminated, shared environment. The possibility that classical pulmonary TB can be simulated and recapitulated in laboratory animal models by ingestion of contaminated feed is a further intriguing indication of potential environmental risk. Livestock and wildlife are known to shed M. bovis onto pasture, soil, feedstuffs, water, and other fomites; field and laboratory studies have indicated that persistence is possible, but variable, under differing environmental conditions. Given the potential infection risk, it is timely to review the available evidence, experimental approaches, and methodologies that could be deployed to address this potential blind spot and control point. Although we focus on evidence from Western Europe, the concepts are widely applicable to other multihost bTB episystems.</jats:p>","Veterinary Medicine International","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9077-8662"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1131-8335"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-9198""), authenticated.orcid = c(TRUE, TRUE, TRUE), given = c(""Adrian R."", ""Tom"", ""Robin A.""), family = c(""Allen"", ""Ford"", ""Skuce""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Bacteriology Branch, Stoney Road Stormont, Belfast BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK"", ""Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Bacteriology Branch, Stoney Road Stormont, Belfast BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK"", 
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""10.1128/AEM.68.2.713-719.2002"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-67.7.1463"", ""10.1007/s00203-006-0119-3"", ""10.1128/AEM.44.5.1150-1153.1982"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-66.9.1557"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-64.11.1705"", ""10.3382/ps.2010-00659"", ""10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.02.003"", ""10.1099/13500872-145-1-89"", ""10.1128/AEM.40.1.133-144.1980"", ""10.1089/fpd.2012.1389"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2017.01908"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2017.00913"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0121313"", ""10.3390/ani10020279"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-59.7.683"", NA, ""10.1128/AEM.58.6.1913-1917.1992"", 
""10.3389/fmicb.2015.00567"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2016.01877"", ""10.1128/IAI.72.1.260-268.2004"", ""10.1099/00207713-23-2-122"", ""10.21037/atm.2016.12.52"", ""10.1128/AEM.03693-15"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.06.002"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-19-146"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.1997.tb03576.x"", ""10.1016/S0168-1605(01)00463-9"", ""10.1093/ps/80.6.817"", ""10.1093/ps/80.6.817"", ""10.1093/ps/76.2.314"", ""10.1128/AEM.02149-10"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-64.6.770"", ""10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.2861650.x"", ""10.1038/nrmicro1718"", ""10.1016/j.jep.2008.11.001"", 
""10.3382/ps.2011-01519"", ""10.3389/fphar.2016.00201""), article.title = c(""Shedding and colonization of Campylobacter jejuni in broilers from day-of-hatch to slaughter age"", ""Campylobacter jejuni infections: update on emerging issues and trends"", ""Effects of dietary thymol-carvacrol on growth performance, hematological parameters and tissue composition of juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss"", ""Zinc oxide nanoparticles loaded active packaging, a challenge study against Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus in ready-to-eat poultry meat"", 
""Effect of high carbon dioxide atmosphere packaging and soluble gas stabilization pre-treatment on the shelf-life and quality of chicken drumsticks"", ""Antibacterial and synergy of a flavanonol rhamnoside with antibiotics against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)"", ""Biocontrol of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157: H7 in meat by using phages immobilized on modified cellulose membranes"", ""Evaluation of nanoparticle-encapsulated outer membrane proteins for the control of Campylobacter jejuni colonization in chickens"", 
""Age-related differences in the luminal and mucosa-associated gut microbiome of broiler chickens and shifts associated with Campylobacter jejuni infection"", ""Protozoan Acanthamoeba polyphaga as a potential reservoir for Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Antimicrobial activity of metal oxide nanoparticles against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria: a comparative study"", ""DNA sequence and mutational analyses of the pVir plasmid of"", ""Contamination of poultry during processing"", ""Effects of carcass washers on Campylobacter contamination in large broiler processing plants"", 
""Ranking the disease burden of 14 pathogens in food sources in the United States using attribution data from outbreak investigations and expert elicitation"", NA, ""Colonization of gastrointestinal tracts of chicks by"", ""Presence and level of Campylobacter spp. on broiler carcasses throughout the processing plant"", ""Effects of hot water application after defeathering on the levels of Campylobacter, coliform bacteria, and Escherichia coli on broiler carcasses"", ""Presence and level of Campylobacter, coliforms, Escherichia coli, and total aerobic bacteria recovered from broiler parts with and without skin"", 
""Comparison of characteristics of patients infected by Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter fetus"", ""Visible ingesta on prechill carcasses does not affect the microbiological quality of broiler carcasses after immersion chilling"", ""Experimental Campylobacter jejuni infection in humans"", ""Campylobacter jejuni survival in chicken meat as a function of temperature"", ""A novel Campylobacter jejuni two-component regulatory system important for temperature-dependent growth and colonization"", 
""Essential oils in poultry nutrition: Main effects and modes of action"", ""Incidence of Campylobacter in crops of preharvest market-age broiler chickens"", ""Recovery of Campylobacter from commercial broiler hatchery trayliners"", ""Lack of evidence for vertical transmission of Campylobacter spp. in chickens"", ""Bacteriophage therapy to reduce Campylobacter jejuni colonization of broiler chickens"", ""The in-vivo efficacy of two administration routes of a phage cocktail to reduce numbers of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni in chickens"", 
""Campylobacter concisus pseudo-outbreak caused by improved culture conditions"", ""Increased colonization potential of Campylobacter jejuni strain 81116 after passage through chickens and its implication on the rate of transmission within flocks"", ""Physiology and genetics of Listeria monocytogenes survival and growth at cold temperatures"", ""Campylobacter jejuni transducer like proteins: chemotaxis and beyond"", ""Phase I clinical trial of curcumin, a chemopreventive agent, in patients with high-risk or pre-malignant lesions"", 
""Quantitative analysis of dose-effect relationships: the combined effects of multiple drugs or enzyme inhibitors"", ""Theoretical basis, experimental design, and computerized simulation of synergism and antagonism in drug combination studies"", ""Combined effect of oregano essential oil and modified atmosphere packaging on shelf-life extension of fresh chicken breast meat, stored at 4 °C"", ""Horizontal spread of human and poultry-derived strains of Campylobacter jejuni among broiler chicks held in incubators and shipping boxes"", 
""The effect of the timing of exposure to Campylobacter jejuni on the gut microbiome and inflammatory responses of broiler chickens"", ""Pathogenomics of emerging Campylobacter species"", ""Evidence for horizontal and vertical transmission in Campylobacter passage from hen to her progeny"", ""Determination of the incidence of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, and Clostridium perfringens in wild birds near broiler chicken houses by sampling intestinal droppings"", ""Incidence and trends of infection with pathogens transmitted commonly through food—Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 US site–2013"", 
""Preliminary incidence and trends of infection with pathogens transmitted commonly through food—Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 US site–2014"", NA, ""Antimicrobial activity of curcumin against Helicobacter pylori isolates from India and during infections in mice"", ""Will 10 million people die a year due to antimicrobial resistance by 2050"", ""Quality and safety of broiler meat in various chilling systems"", ""A curcumin-based 1-week triple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: something to learn from failure"", 
""Spoilage microbiota associated to the storage of raw meat in different conditions"", ""Prevalence and survival of Campylobacter jejuni in unpasteurized milk"", ""Sensitivity of Campylobacter jejuni to drying"", ""Association of Campylobacter jejuni with laying hens and eggs"", ""Application of a group II Campylobacter bacteriophage to reduce strains of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli colonizing broiler chickens"", ""Persistent environmental reservoirs on farms as risk factors for Campylobacter in commercial poultry"", 
""Preservation of aseptic conditions in absorbent pads by using silver nanotechnology"", ""Foodborne outbreaks of campylobacteriosis: the United States experienc–1982"", ""Impact of a single phage and a phage cocktail application in broilers on reduction of Campylobacter jejuni and development of resistance"", ""Rapid detection and differentiation of important Campylobacter spp. in poultry samples by dot blot and PCR"", ""In-vitro synergistic activity of meropenem/vaborbactam in combination with ceftazidime/avibactam against KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae"", 
""Production of Salmonella enteritidis-contaminated eggs by experimentally infected hens"", ""The Campylobacter jejuni stringent response controls specific stress survival and virulence-associated phenotypes"", ""Campylobacter colonization and proliferation in the broiler chicken upon natural field challenge is not affected by the bird growth rate or breed"", ""Role of flagella in adherence, internalization, and translocation of Campylobacter jejuni in nonpolarized and polarized epithelial cell cultures"", 
""The chicken, the egg and Salmonella enteritidis"", ""Active Packaging of Immobilized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Controls Campylobacter jejuni in Raw Chicken Meat"", ""Thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in Danish broiler production: a cross-sectional survey and a retrospective analysis of risk factors for occurrence in broiler flocks"", ""Biochemical characterization and inhibitor discovery of shikimate dehydrogenase from Helicobacter pylori"", ""Contamination level and ingestion dose of foodborne pathogens associated with infections"", 
""Temperature-dependent membrane fatty acid and cell physiology changes in coccoid forms of Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Physiological activity of Campylobacter jejuni far below the minimal growth temperature"", ""Darkling beetles (Alphitobius diaperinus) and their larvae as potential vectors for the transfer of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi B variant Java between successive broiler flocks"", ""Synergistic interaction of phenylpropanoids with antibiotics against bacteria"", 
""Identification of Campylobacter jejuni genes involved in commensal colonization of the chick gastrointestinal tract"", ""A phase-variable mechanism controlling the Campylobacter jejuni FlgR response regulator influences commensalism"", ""Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of thermophilic Campylobacter in organic and conventional broiler flocks"", ""Molecular subtype analyses of Campylobacter spp. from Arkansas and California poultry operations"", ""Seasonal variation of Campylobacter types from human cases, veterinary cases, raw chicken, milk and water"", 
""Campylobacter contamination of broiler caeca and carcasses at the slaughterhouse and correlation with Salmonella contamination"", ""The response of Campylobacter jejuni to low temperature differs from that of Escherichia coli"", ""The colonization of broiler chickens with Campylobacter jejuni: some epidemiological investigations"", ""Campylobacter jejuni is not merely a commensal in commercial broiler chickens and affects bird welfare"", ""Regulation of oxidative stress response by CosR, an essential response regulator in Campylobacter jejuni"", 
""Essential oils in food preservation: mode of action, synergies, and interactions with food matrix components"", ""Comprehensive longitudinal microbiome analysis of the chicken cecum reveals a shift from competitive to environmental drivers and a window of opportunity for Campylobacter"", NA, ""Epidemiology of Campylobacter spp. at two Dutch broiler farms"", ""Campylobacter bacteria in breeder flocks"", ""Roles of rpoN, fliA, and flgR in Expression of Flagella in Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Influence of diet type on the inclusion of plant origin active substances on morphological and histochemical characteristics of the stomach and jejunum walls in chicken"", 
""Mechanisms of drug combinations: interaction and network perspectives"", ""Prevalence and numbers of Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. on raw, whole chickens in relation to sampling methods"", ""The interplay between Campylobacter and Helicobacter species and other gastrointestinal microbiota of commercial broiler chickens"", ""Global epidemiology of Campylobacter infection"", ""Survival of Campylobacter jejuni on various fresh produce"", ""Detection and Initial characterization of novel capsular polysaccharide among diverse Campylobacter jejuni strains using alcian blue dye"", 
""Probing the binding site of curcumin in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis FtsZ–a structural insight to unveil antibacterial activity of curcumin"", ""Comprehensive review of Campylobacter and poultry processing"", ""Survival of Campylobacter jejuni during stationary phase: evidence for the absence of a phenotypic stationary-phase response"", ""Campylobacter detection in commercial turkeys"", ""Assessment of chicken carcass microbiome responses during processing in the presence of commercial antimicrobials using a next generation sequencing approach"", 
""Effect of bacteriophage application on Campylobacter jejuni loads in commercial broiler flocks"", ""Identification and molecular cloning of a gene encoding a fibronectin-binding protein (CadF) from Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Characterization of the thermal stress response of Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Identification of the enteropathogens Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli based on the cadF virulence gene and its product"", ""Bacterial secreted proteins are required for the internalization of Campylobacter jejuni into cultured mammalian cells"", 
""Bacterial profile of broiler chickens upon entering the processing plant"", ""Estimating the burden of acute gastroenteritis and foodborne illness caused by Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus by using population-based telephone survey data, Miyagi Prefecture, Japato 2006"", ""Bacteriophage resistance mechanisms"", ""Chicken liver–associated outbreaks of campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis, United State–2016: identifying opportunities for prevention"", ""Dose escalation of a curcuminoid formulation"", 
""CdtA, CdtB, and CdtC form a tripartite complex that is required for cytolethal distending toxin activity"", ""Global disease burden of pathogens in animal source food"", ""Development of prototypes of bioactive packaging materials based on immobilized bacteriophages for control of growth of bacterial pathogens in foods"", ""Influence of measurement and control of microaerobic gaseous atmospheres in methods for Campylobacter growth studies"", ""The clinical importance of emerging Campylobacter species"", 
""Development of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli adapted to biocides"", ""Report of the Departmental Committee Appointed by the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries to Inquire Into Epizootic Abortion. Appendix to Part III, Abortion in Sheep"", ""Where is MAP going? A review and future potential of modified atmosphere packaging for meat"", ""Salmonella enteritidis contamination of eggs from hens inoculated by vaginal, cloacal, and intravenous routes"", ""Campylobacteriosis in returning travellers and potential secondary transmission of exotic strains"", 
""Environmental survival mechanisms of the foodborne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Reducing Campylobacter jejuni colonization of poultry via vaccination"", ""Sources of Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens"", ""Biosecurity-based interventions and strategies to reduce Campylobacter spp. on poultry farms"", ""High incidence of Campylobacter concisus in gastroenteritis in North Jutland, Denmark: a population-based study"", ""Effect of broiler age, feed withdrawal, and transportation on levels of coliforms, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli and Salmonella on carcasses before and after immersion chilling"", 
""Synergy, antagonism, and what the chequerboard puts between them"", ""Synergistic anti-Campylobacter jejuni activity of fluoroquinolone and macrolide antibiotics with phenolic compounds"", ""High prevalence of hyper-aerotolerant Campylobacter jejuni in retail poultry with potential implication in human infection"", ""Effect of nanocomposite packaging containing different proportions of ZnO and Ag on chicken breast meat quality"", NA, ""The genome sequence of the food-borne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni reveals hypervariable sequences"", 
""Colonization of broiler chickens by waterborne Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Serotype and genotype diversity and hatchery transmission of Campylobacter jejuni in commercial poultry flocks"", ""Psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria associated with production batch recalls and sporadic cases of early spoilage in Belgium between 2010 and 2014"", ""The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks and on broiler carcases, and the risks associated with highly contaminated carcases"", ""Description and burden of travel-related cases caused by enteropathogens reported in a Canadian community"", 
""Cinnamon and cassia: the genus Cinnamomum"", ""Colonisation phenotype and colonisation potential differences in Campylobacter jejuni strains in chickens before and after passage in-vivo"", ""Meat and Dairy Production"", ""Secretion of the virulence-associated Campylobacter invasion antigens from Campylobacter jejuni requires a stimulatory signal"", ""Bacterial contaminants of poultry meat: sources, species, and dynamics"", ""Curcumin, a known phenolic from Curcuma longa, attenuates the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in whole plant and animal pathogenicity models"", 
""Risk assessment of opportunistic bacterial pathogens in drinking water"", ""Campylobacter colonization in poultry: sources of infection and modes of transmission"", ""Characterization of probiotic strains: an application as feed additives in poultry against Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Curcumin as a potential therapeutic candidate for Helicobacter pylori associated diseases"", ""Strategies to reduce Campylobacter colonisation in chickens"", ""Marked campylobacteriosis decline after interventions aimed at poultry, New Zealand"", 
NA, ""Campylobacter jejuni in broilers: the role of vertical transmission"", ""Horizontal transmission of Campylobacter jejuni amongst broiler chicks: experimental studies"", ""Review on zinc oxide nanoparticles: antibacterial activity and toxicity mechanism"", ""Campylobacter enteritis: a” new” disease"", ""John McFadyean and the centenary of the first isolation of Campylobacter species"", ""Impact of transport crate reuse and of catching and processing on Campylobacter and Salmonella contamination of broiler chickens"", 
""Campylobacter colonization of sibling turkey flocks reared under different management conditions"", ""An examination of the diversity of a novel Campylobacter reservoir"", ""Survival of Campylobacter jejuni inoculated into ground beef"", ""Enumeration of Campylobacter spp. in broiler feces and in corresponding processed carcasses"", ""Distribution of Campylobacter spp. in selected US poultry production and processing operations"", ""Bacteriocins to control Campylobacter spp. in poultry—a review"", ""Antimicrobial herb and spice compounds in food"", 
""Cloning, sequencing and molecular analysis of the Campylobacter jejuni groESL bicistronic operon"", ""Contamination of broiler carcass skin during commercial processing procedures: an electron microscopic study"", ""Estimates of the burden of foodborne illness in Canada for 30 specified pathogens and unspecified agents, circa 2006"", ""Editorial: About the Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter"", ""Profiling of Campylobacter jejuni proteome in exponential and stationary phase of growth"", ""Bactericidal activity of curcumin I is associated with damaging of bacterial membrane"", 
""Application of Campylobacter jejuni phages: challenges and perspectives"", ""Comparison of the nucleic acid amplification system NASBA® and agar isolation for detection of pathogenic Campylobacters in naturally contaminated poultry"", ""Essential oils and oleoresins: a survey in the Netherlands and other major markets in the European Union"", ""Study on the epidemiology and control of Campylobacter jejuni in poultry broiler flocks"", ""The Campylobacter jejuni RacRS two-component system activates the glutamate synthesis by directly upregulating γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT)"", 
""Glucose metabolism via the Entner-Doudoroff pathway in Campylobacter: a rare trait that enhances survival and promotes biofilm formation in some isolates"", ""L-serine catabolism via an oxygen-labile L-serine dehydratase is essential for colonization of the avian gut by Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Taxonomic study of the genus Campylobacter Sebald and Véron and designation of the neotype strain for the type species, Campylobacter fetus (Smith and Taylor) Sebald and Véron"", ""Effects of curcumin on Helicobacter pylori infection"", 
""Genetic diversity of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from conventional broiler flocks and the impacts of sampling strategy and laboratory method"", ""Phage therapy reduces Campylobacter jejuni colonization in broilers"", ""Prevalence of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni in Retail Chicken, Beef, Lamb, and Pork Products in Three Australian States"", ""Seasonality of thermophilic Campylobacter populations in chickens"", ""Pre-harvest surveillance of Campylobacter and Salmonella in Danish broiler flocks: a 2-year study"", 
""The effect of transportation stress on excretion rates of campylobacters in market-age broilers"", ""Re-defining efficiency of feed use by livestock"", ""Campylobacter jejuni seasonal recovery observations of retail market broilers"", ""Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of zinc oxide nanoparticles against Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Survival and death of Salmonella Typhimurium and Campylobacter jejuni in processing water and on chicken skin during poultry scalding and chilling"", ""CheY-mediated modulation of Campylobacter jejuni virulence"", 
""Campylobacter jejuni: molecular biology and pathogenesis"", ""Bactericidal activity of medicinal plants, employed for the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments, against Helicobacter pylori"", ""The spoilage of air-packaged broiler meat during storage at normal and fluctuating storage temperatures"", ""Synergistic effects of Chinese herbal medicine: a comprehensive review of methodology and current research""), volume = c(""42"", ""32"", ""27"", ""38"", ""94"", ""18"", ""77"", ""92"", ""6"", ""71"", ""7"", ""70"", NA, ""83"", ""75"", 
NA, ""54"", ""9"", ""79"", ""64"", ""52"", ""11"", ""157"", ""44"", ""181"", ""158"", ""77"", ""86"", ""72"", ""11"", ""11"", ""53"", ""117"", ""49"", ""8"", ""21"", ""22"", ""58"", ""24"", ""51"", ""6"", ""32"", ""75"", ""44"", ""63"", ""64"", NA, ""53"", ""13"", ""92"", ""12"", ""157"", ""44"", ""45"", ""47"", ""4"", ""140"", ""42"", ""122"", ""8"", ""43"", ""74"", ""34"", ""56"", ""80"", ""61"", ""3"", ""86"", ""29"", ""273"", ""139"", ""61"", ""64"", ""74"", ""59"", ""52"", ""61"", ""33"", ""68"", ""87"", ""28"", ""75"", ""110"", ""5"", ""6"", ""3"", ""9"", NA, ""114"", ""39"", ""183"", ""90"", ""8"", ""76"", ""6"", ""28"", ""97"", ""39"", ""45"", ""3"", 
""67"", ""48"", ""7"", ""79"", ""24"", ""66"", ""37"", ""32"", ""58"", ""74"", ""8"", ""15"", ""6"", ""69"", ""14"", ""217"", ""52"", ""8"", ""160"", NA, ""80"", ""42"", ""142"", ""100"", ""9"", ""69"", ""77"", ""19"", ""82"", ""52"", ""6"", ""6"", ""123"", NA, ""403"", ""59"", ""82"", ""191"", ""140"", ""18"", NA, ""92"", NA, ""183"", ""5"", ""56"", NA, ""3"", ""141"", ""22"", ""7"", ""17"", NA, ""96"", ""104"", ""7"", ""2"", ""43"", ""68"", ""67"", ""186"", ""44"", ""66"", ""64"", ""89"", ""21"", ""145"", ""40"", ""10"", ""8"", ""8"", ""10"", ""2"", ""59"", ""116"", ""58"", ""6"", ""7"", ""72"", ""23"", ""4"", ""82"", NA, ""82"", ""82"", ""68"", ""80"", 
""5"", ""76"", ""77"", ""64"", ""23"", ""5"", ""121"", ""91"", ""7""), author = c(""Achen"", ""Acheson"", ""Ahmadifar"", ""Akbar"", ""Al-Nehlawi"", ""An"", ""Anany"", ""Annamalai"", ""Awad"", ""Axelsson-Olsson"", ""Azam"", ""Bacon"", ""Bailey"", ""Bashor"", ""Batz"", NA, ""Beery"", ""Berrang"", ""Berrang"", ""Berrang"", ""Bessède"", ""Bilgili"", ""Black"", ""Blankenship"", ""Brás"", ""Brenes"", ""Byrd"", ""Byrd"", ""Callicott"", ""Carrillo"", ""Carvalho"", ""Casanova"", ""Cawthraw"", ""Chan"", ""Chandrashekhar"", ""Cheng"", ""Chou"", ""Chou"", ""Chouliara"", ""Clark"", ""Connerton"", ""Costa"", 
""Cox"", ""Craven"", ""Crim"", ""Crim"", ""Davidson"", ""De"", ""de Kraker"", ""Demirok"", ""Di Mario"", ""Doulgeraki"", ""Doyle"", ""Doyle"", ""Doyle"", ""El-Shibiny"", ""Ellis-Iversen"", ""Fernández"", ""Finch"", ""Fischer"", ""Fontanot"", ""Gaibani"", ""Gast"", ""Gaynor"", ""Gormley"", ""Grant"", ""Guard-Petter"", ""Hakeem"", ""Hald"", ""Han"", ""Hara-Kudo"", ""Hazeleger"", ""Hazeleger"", ""Hazeleger"", ""Hemaiswarya"", ""Hendrixson"", ""Hendrixson"", ""Heuer"", ""Hiett"", ""Hudson"", ""Hue"", ""Hughes"", ""Humphery"", ""Humphrey"", ""Hwang"", ""Hyldgaard"", ""Ijaz"", ""Jackson"", ""Jacobs-Reitsma"", 
""Jacobs-Reitsma"", ""Jagannathan"", ""Jamroz"", ""Jia"", ""Jorgensen"", ""Kaakoush"", ""Kaakoush"", ""Kärenlampi"", ""Karlyshev"", ""Kaur"", ""Keener"", ""Kelly"", ""Kiess"", ""Kim"", ""Kittler"", ""Konkel"", ""Konkel"", ""Konkel"", ""Konkel"", ""Kotula"", ""Kubota"", ""Labrie"", ""Lanier"", ""Lao"", ""Lara-Tejero"", ""Li"", ""Lone"", ""Mace"", ""Man"", ""Mavri"", ""McFadyean"", ""McMillin"", ""Miyamoto"", ""Mughini-Gras"", ""Murphy"", ""Neal-McKinney"", ""Newell"", ""Newell"", ""Nielsen"", ""Northcutt"", ""Odds"", ""Oh"", ""Oh"", ""Panea"", ""Park"", ""Parkhill"", ""Pearson"", ""Petersen"", 
""Pothakos"", ""Powell"", ""Ravel"", ""Ravindran"", ""Ringoir"", ""Ritchie"", ""Rivera-Amill"", ""Rouger"", ""Rudrappa"", ""Rusin"", ""Sahin"", ""Santini"", ""Sarkar"", ""Saxena"", ""Sears"", NA, ""Shanker"", ""Shanker"", ""Sirelkhatim"", ""Skirrow"", ""Skirrow"", ""Slader"", ""Smith"", ""Snelling"", ""Stern"", ""Stern"", ""Stern"", ""Svetoch"", ""Tajkarimi"", ""Thies"", ""Thomas"", ""Thomas"", ""Tresse"", ""Turonova"", ""Tyagi"", ""Ushanov"", ""Uyttendaele"", ""Van de Braak"", ""Van de Giessen"", ""Van der Stel"", ""Vegge"", ""Velayudhan"", ""Véron"", ""Vetvicka"", ""Vidal"", ""Wagenaar"", 
""Walker"", ""Wallace"", ""Wedderkopp"", ""Whyte"", ""Wilkinson"", ""Willis"", ""Xie"", ""Yang"", ""Yao"", ""Young"", ""Zaidi"", ""Zhang"", ""Zhou""), year = c(""1998"", ""2001"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""2016"", ""2005"", ""2012"", ""2002"", ""1987"", ""2004"", ""2012"", NA, ""1988"", ""2000"", ""2000"", ""2001"", ""2014"", ""2002"", ""1988"", ""1982"", ""1999"", ""2010"", ""1998"", ""2007"", ""2006"", ""2005"", ""2010"", ""2015"", ""1996"", ""2008"", ""2017"", ""2001"", ""1984"", ""2006"", ""2007"", ""1988"", ""2018"", ""2019"", ""2012"", ""2000"", ""2014"", ""2015"", ""2005"", 
""2009"", ""2016"", ""2013"", ""2007"", ""2012"", ""1982"", ""1982"", ""1984"", ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2009"", ""1985"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2019"", ""1990"", ""2005"", ""2014"", ""1993"", ""2001"", ""2020"", ""2000"", ""2006"", ""2011"", ""1995"", ""1998"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""2001"", ""2002"", ""1999"", ""2011"", ""2009"", ""1993"", ""2014"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2018"", ""1999"", ""1995"", ""1995"", ""2001"", ""2006"", ""2009"", ""2002"", ""2014"", ""2015"", ""2004"", ""2001"", ""2010"", ""2004"", ""2001"", ""2007"", ""2017"", ""2013"", ""1997"", ""1998"", ""1999"", ""1999"", ""1995"", ""2011"", 
""2010"", ""2018"", ""2006"", ""2001"", ""2019"", ""2016"", ""2015"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""1913"", ""2008"", ""1997"", ""2014"", ""2006"", ""2014"", ""2003"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""2003"", ""2003"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2014"", ""1996"", ""2000"", ""1993"", ""2001"", ""2014"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2003"", ""2003"", ""2017"", ""2001"", ""2017"", ""2008"", ""1997"", ""2002"", ""2010"", ""2016"", ""2013"", ""2011"", NA, ""1986"", ""1990"", ""2015"", ""1977"", ""2006"", ""2002"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""1982"", ""2003"", ""2001"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""1999"", ""1980"", ""2013"", ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2015"", ""2020"", ""1996"", 
""1999"", ""1992"", ""2015"", ""2016"", ""2004"", ""1973"", ""2016"", ""2016"", ""2005"", ""2019"", ""1997"", ""2001"", ""2001"", ""2011"", ""1997"", ""2011"", ""2001"", ""1997"", ""2007"", ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2016""), journal.title = c(""Avian Diseases"", ""Clin. Infect. Diseases"", ""J. Appl. Ichthyol."", ""Food Control"", ""Meat Sci."", ""Phytomedicine"", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Poultry Sci."", ""Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Nanomed."", ""Campylobacter jejuni"", ""Acad. Press Orlando FL."", ""Poultry Sci."", 
""J. Food Protect."", NA, ""Campylobacter jejuni. Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""J. Appl. Poultry Res."", ""Poultry Sci."", ""J. Food Protect."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Appl. Poultry Res."", ""J. Infect. Diseases"", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""J. Bacteriol."", ""Anim. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."", ""Poultry Sci."", ""Poultry Sci."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""BMC Microbiol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."", ""Gut Microbes"", ""Anticancer Res."", 
""Adv. Enzyme Regul."", ""Pharmacol. Rev."", ""Food Microbiol."", ""J. Food Protect."", ""Microbiome"", ""Clin. Microbiol. Rev."", ""J. Food Protect."", ""Avian Diseases"", ""Morbid. Mortal. Weekly Rep."", ""Morbid. Mortal. Weekly Rep."", NA, ""Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."", ""PloS Med."", ""Poultry Sci."", ""Helicobacter"", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""J. Food Protect."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Food Res. Int."", ""Am. J. Epidemiologyl."", ""PloS One"", ""Food Microbiol."", 
""J. Antimicrob. Chemother."", ""Avian Diseases"", ""Mol. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environmental Microbiol."", ""Infect. Immunity"", ""Environ. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Avian Pathol."", ""Fed. Eur. Biochem. Societies J."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""J. Med. Microbiol."", ""Mol. Microbiol."", ""Mol. Microbiol."", ""Lett. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Food Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", 
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""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Mol. Microbiol."", ""J. Food Protect."", ""J. Food Protect."", ""Nat. Rev. Microbiol."", ""Foodborne Pathog. Disease"", ""BMC Complement. Altern. Medicine"", ""Infect. Immunity"", ""PloS One"", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Food Microbiol."", ""Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""HM Stationery Office"", ""Meat Sci."", ""Avian Diseases"", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""PloS One"", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Clin. Microbiol. Infect."", 
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""Major structural differences and novel potential virulence mechanisms from the genomes of multiple Campylobacter species"", ""A trial of biosecurity as a means to control Campylobacter infection of broiler chickens"", ""Limpeza e desinfecção na avicultura"", ""Evaluation of efficacy of several disinfectants against Campylobacter jejuni strains by a suspension test"", ""Bioedit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for windows 95/98/NT"", ""Stability of related human and chicken Campylobacter jejuni genotypes after passage through chick intestine studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis"", 
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""Boileau MJ, Kapil S. Bovine coronavirus associated syndromes. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2010;26:123–46."", ""Su S, Wong G, Shi W, Liu J, Lai AC, Zhou J, Liu W, Bi Y, Gao GF. Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses. Trends Microbiol. 2016;24:490–502."", ""Murray GM, O'Neill RG, More SJ, McElroy MC, Earley B, Cassidy JP. Evolving views on bovine respiratory disease: an appraisal of selected control measures - part 2. Vet J. 2016;217:78–82."", ""Klem TB, Gulliksen SM, Lie KI, Løken T, Østerås O, Stokstad M. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus: infection dynamics within and between herds. Vet Rec. 2013;173:476."", 
""Hägglund S, Svensson C, Emanuelson U, Valarcher JF, Alenius S. Dynamics of virus infections involved in the bovine respiratory disease complex in Swedish dairy herds. Vet J. 2006;172:320–8."", ""Toftaker I, Sanchez J, Stokstad M, Nødtvedt A. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus antibodies in bulk tank milk - risk factors and spatial analysis. Prev Vet Med. 2016;133:73–83."", ""Boone SA, Gerba CP. Significance of fomites in the spread of respiratory and enteric viral disease. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007;73:1687–96."", 
""Sizun J, MW Y, Talbot PJ. Survival of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in suspension and after drying on surfaces: a possible source of hospital-acquired infections. J Hosp Infect. 2000;46:55–60."", ""Hall CB, Douglas RG, Geiman JM. Possible transmission by fomites of respiratory syncytial virus. J Infect Dis. 1980;141:98–102."", ""Beaudeau F, Ohlson A, Emanuelson U. Associations between bovine coronavirus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections and animal performance in Swedish dairy herds. J Dairy Sci. 2010;93:1523–33."", 
""Oma VS, Tråvén M, Alenius S, Myrmel M, Stokstad M. Bovine coronavirus in naturally and experimentally exposed calves; viral shedding and the potential for transmission. Virol J. 2016;13:100."", ""Klem TB, Rimstad E, Stokstad M. Occurrence and phylogenetic analysis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in outbreaks of respiratory disease in Norway. BMC Vet Res. 2014;10:15."", ""Kilkenny C, Browne WJ, Cuthill IC, Emerson M, Altman DG. Improving bioscience research reporting: the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research. PLoS Biol. 2010;8:e1000412."", 
""Russell WMS. The increase of humanity in experimentation: replacement, reduction and refinement. Laboratory Animals Bureau, Collected Papers. 1957;6:23–5."", ""Decaro N, Elia G, Campolo M, Desario C, Mari V, Radogna A, Colaianni ML, Cirone F, Tempesta M, Buonavoglia C. Detection of bovine coronavirus using a TaqMan-based real-time RT-PCR assay. J Virol Methods. 2008;151:167–71."", ""Dohoo I, Martin W, Stryhn H. Modelling survival data. In: Veterinary epidemiologic research. 2nd ed. Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada: VER Inc.; 2009. p. 467–522."", 
""Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT method. Methods. 2001;25:402–8."", ""Boxus M, Letellier C, Kerkhofs P. Real time RT-PCR for the detection and quantitation of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. J Virol Methods. 2005;125:125–30."", ""Kapil S, Richardson KL, Radi C, Chard-Bergstrom C. Factors affecting isolation and propagation of bovine coronavirus in human rectal tumor-18 cell line. J Vet Diagn Investig. 1996;8:96–9."", 
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""Effect of infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus alone, bovine rotavirus alone, or concurrent infection with both on enteric disease in gnotobiotic neonatal calves"", ""Effect of experimentally induced concurrent bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection on respiratory and enteric diseases in calves"", ""Alterations of leukocyte populations in calves concurrently infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""Specific immune tolerance in an apparently healthy bull persistently infected with BVD virus"", 
""Bovine viral diarrhea virus infections in range beef cattle herd"", ""Persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in beef herds"", ""The pathologies of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection"", ""Comparisons of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus with members of the Flaviviridae"", ""Comparative virulence of bovine viral diarrhea virus type II in experimentally inoculated six- to nine-month old calves"", ""Bovine viral diarrhea virus and their antigenic analysis"", ""Outbreak of bovine virus diarrhoea on Dutch dairy farms induced by a bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccine contaminated with bovine virus diarrhoea virus type 2"", 
NA, ""Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotypes and antibody against those viral genotypes in fetal bovine serum"", ""Identification of a new group of bovine viral diarrhea virus strains associated with severe outbreaks and high mortalities"", ""Segregation of bovine viral diarrhea virus into genotypes"", ""New concepts in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and control of disease caused by the bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""Comparative pathogenicity of selected bovine viral diarrhea virus isolates in gnotobiotic lambs"", 
""Pathogenesis of bovine viral diarrhea–mucosal disease: distribution and significance of BVDV antigen in diseased calves"", ""Pathogenesis of intrauterine infections with bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""The effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus on cattle reproduction in relation to disease control"", ""Production of cattle immunotolerant to bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""Changes in levels of viremia in cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""Bovine viral diarrhea quasispecies during persistent infection"", 
""Severe clinical disease in cattle persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus by super-infection with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""Experimental production of fatal mucosal disease in cattle"", ""The clinical manifestations of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection"", ""Diagnosis of bovine viral diarrhea virus infections"", ""Comparative evaluation of the fluorescent antibody test and microtiter immunoperoxidase assay for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus from bull semen"", 
""Microtiter virus isolation and enzyme immunoassays for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in cattle serum"", ""Diagnosis of persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection by immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed skin biopsy specimens"", ""Screening of neonatal calves for persistent infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus by immunohistochemistry on skin biopsy samples"", ""Immunohistochemistry used as a screening method for persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection"", ""Testing and management strategies for effective beef and dairy herd BVDV biosecurity programs"", 
""Development of a PCR amplification assay as a screening test using bulk milk samples for identifying dairy herds infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""Evaluation of an antigen-capture ELISA for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in cattle blood samples"", ""Bovine abortion caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""Application of antibody titers against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) as a measure to detect herds with cattle persistently infected with BVDV"", ""Principles for eradication of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections in cattle populations"", 
""Level and duration of serum antibodies in cattle infected experimentally and naturally with bovine virus diarrhoea virus"", ""Laboratory diagnostic investigations for bovine viral diarrhoea virus infections in cattle"", ""A long term epidemiological study of bovine viral diarrhoea infections in a large herd of dairy cattle"", ""The control of bovine viral diarrhea virus in Shetland"", ""Immunization against viruses"", ""Evolution of bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccines"", ""Protection of pregnant cattle and their fetuses against infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 by use of a modified-live virus vaccine"", 
""Intrapreputial infection of young bulls with bovine herpesvirus type 1.2 (BHV-1.2): acute balanoposthitis, latent infection and detection of viral DNA in regional neural and non-neural tissues of 50 days after experimental reactivation"", ""Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus"", ""Herpesviral abortion in domestic animals"", ""Effects of the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus on the fetus"", ""The pathology of abortion caused by the virus of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis"", NA, ""Diagnosing and managing the respiratory form of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis"", 
""A field investigation of causes of abortion in dairy cattle"", ""Abortifacient property of bovine herpesvirus type 1 isolates that represent three subtypes determined by restriction endonuclease analysis of viral DNA"", ""Demonstration of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus antigen in paraffin tissues"", ""Infectious diseases causing bovine abortion and fetal loss"", ""Detection of BHV-1 in a naturally infected bovine fetus by a nested PCR assay"", ""Isolation of bovine herpesvirus 1 from preputial swabs and semen of bulls with balanoposthitis"", 
""Bovine viral vaccines: diagnostics, and eradication: past, present, and future"", ""The effects of IBR virus infection on reproductive function of cattle"", ""Council Report: bovine immunization guidelines"", ""Culicoides variipennis and bluetongue-virus epidemiology in the United States"", ""Pathogenesis of bluetongue virus"", NA, ""Bluetongue virus"", ""Bluetongue and equine viral arteritis viruses as models of virus-induced fetal injury and abortion"", ""Congenital disease caused by bluetongue and related orbiviruses""
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NA, NA, NA, ""Owen NV, Chow TL, Molello JA: Bovine fetal lesions experimentally produced by infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus. Am J Vet Res 196;25:1617–1625."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""MacLachlan NJ, Stott JL, Osburn BI: Is bluetongue virus infection of cattle a truly persistent viral infection? Proceedings of the Meeting of the U.S. Animal Health Association, 1989, 94, pp 89–98."", NA, NA, NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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""A simple method of estimating fifty percent end point"", ""Recombinant bovine trypsin made in maize inactivates bovine herpesvirus-1 adsorbed to the bovine zona pellucida"", ""Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis"", ""Molecular cloning, sequencing, and expression of functional bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein gIV in transfected bovine cells"", ""Detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 in bovine semen by a nested PCR assay"", ""Sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis viral antibody in cattle"", 
""Disinfection procedures for controlling microorganisms in the semen and embryos of humans and farm animals"", ""Embryo transfer as a means of controlling the transmission of viral infections. II. The in vitro exposure of preimplantation bovine embryos to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus"", ""Trypsin treatment of bovine embryos after in vitro exposure to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus or bovine herpesvirus-4"", ""Embryo transfer as a means of controlling the transmission of viral infections. IV. Non-transmission of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis virus from donors shedding virus"", 
""Transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) via in vitro-fertilized embryos to recipients, but not to their offspring"", ""The efficacy of trypsin for disinfection of in vitro fertilized bovine embryos exposed to bovine herpesvirus 1"", ""Evaluation of trypsin treatment on the inactivation of bovine herpesvirus type 1 on in vitro produced pre-implantation embryos"", ""Efficacy of a recombinant trypsin product against bovine herpesvirus 1 associated with in vivo- and in vitro-derived bovine embryos"", 
""Efficacy of recombinant trypsin against bovine herpesvirus-1 associated with in vitro-derived porcine embryos"", ""Use of a novel washing method combining multiple density gradients and trypsin for removing human immunodeficiency virus-1 and hepatitis C virus from semen"", ""Inactivation of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-I) from in vitro infected bovine semen"", ""Distribution of BHV-1 in fractions of semen from a naturally infected bull"", ""Effect of trypsin in semen on in vivo fertilization and early embryonic development in superovulated heifers"", 
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""Reprod Fert Develop"", NA, ""J Virol"", ""J Virol Met"", ""Can J Comp Med"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Anim Reprod Sci"", ""Reprod Domest Anim"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Reprod Fertil Dev"", ""Fertil Steril"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Vet Res Commun"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Reprod Fertil Dev"", ""Theriogenology"", ""Proc Am Emb Transf Assoc"", ""Theriogenology"", ""J Vet Med Sci"", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Kao K, Caple M. Trypzean: recombinant bovine trypsin expressed in corn–a non-animal alternative. In Cell culture, Sigma Application Notes. www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Sigma/General_Information/cell_culture.Par.0001.File.tmp/cell_culture.pdf.""))","S0093691X13003464",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2013-12-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Bielanski","2013","Bielanski et al., 2013"
"Viruses","2022-01-26","2025-01-14",NA,"10.3390/v14020220","2025-06-13","1999-4915","2","2022-01-24","1968","220","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","23","23","15","Performance Characteristics of Real-Time PCRs for African Swine Fever Virus Genome Detection—Comparison of Twelve Kits to an OIE-Recommended Method","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/v14020220","14","<jats:p>African swine fever (ASF) is a major threat to pig production, and real-time PCR (qPCR) protocols are an integral part of ASF laboratory diagnosis. With the pandemic spread of ASF, commercial kits have risen on the market. In Germany, the kits have to go through an approval process and thus, general validation can be assumed. However, they have never been compared to each other. In this study, 12 commercial PCR kits were compared to an OIE-recommended method. Samples representing different matrices, genome loads, and genotypes were included in a panel that was tested under diagnostic conditions. The comparison included user-friendliness, internal controls, and the time required. All qPCRs were able to detect ASFV genome in different matrices across all genotypes and disease courses. With one exception, there were no significant differences when comparing the overall mean. The overall specificity was 100% (95% CI 87.66–100), and the sensitivity was between 95% and 100% (95% CI 91.11–100). As can be expected, variability concerned samples with low genome load. To conclude, all tests were fit for purpose. The test system can therefore be chosen based on compatibility and prioritization of the internal control system.</jats:p>","Viruses","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3502-4240"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-8684"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-1358"", NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3999-0393"", NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5465-5609""), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NA, FALSE, NA, FALSE), given = c(""Jutta"", ""Tessa"", ""Paul"", ""Melina"", ""Kore"", ""Martin"", ""Sandra""), family = c(""Pikalo"", ""Carrau"", ""Deutschmann"", ""Fischer"", ""Schlottau"", ""Beer"", ""Blome""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", 
""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany"", ""Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany"", ""Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany"", ""Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany"", ""Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany"", ""Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany"", 
""Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany""))","list(URL = ""https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/2/220/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref_1"", ""ref_2"", ""ref_3"", ""ref_4"", ""ref_5"", ""ref_6"", ""ref_7"", ""ref_8"", ""ref_9"", ""ref_10"", ""ref_11"", ""ref_12"", ""ref_13"", ""ref_14"", ""ref_15"", ""ref_16"", ""ref_17"", ""ref_18"", ""ref_19"", ""ref_20"", ""ref_21"", ""ref_22"", ""ref_23""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
""crossref""), first.page = c(""e01293-18"", ""1"", ""2694"", NA, ""1393"", ""693"", ""198099"", ""45"", ""1744"", ""2555"", ""161"", ""48"", ""53"", ""4431"", ""6510"", NA, ""1657"", ""1449"", ""307"", ""3"", ""2446"", ""200"", ""113874""), DOI = c(""10.1128/JVI.01293-18"", ""10.1074/jbc.AC119.011196"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.040"", ""10.3390/v9050103"", ""10.1111/tbed.12511"", ""10.1007/s00705-002-0946-8"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198099"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.11.007"", NA, ""10.1128/JCM.00857-15"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.09.007"", NA, ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00189-1"", 
""10.1128/JCM.41.9.4431-4434.2003"", ""10.1038/s41598-018-24740-1"", ""10.20944/preprints202007.0747.v1"", ""10.1007/s00705-015-2430-2"", ""10.1038/s41598-018-19626-1"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90837-8"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00114-8"", ""10.1111/tbed.13582"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.05.020"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113874""), article.title = c(""A Proteomic Atlas of the African Swine Fever Virus Particle"", ""The cryo-EM structure of African swine fever virus unravels a unique architecture comprising two icosahedral protein capsids and two lipoprotein membranes"", 
""African swine fever virus (ASFV) protection mediated by NH/P68 and NH/P68 recombinant live-attenuated viruses"", NA, ""Identification of a New Genotype of African Swine Fever Virus in Domestic Pigs from Ethiopia"", ""Genotyping field strains of African swine fever virus by partial p72 gene characterisation"", ""African swine fever-A review of current knowledge"", ""Genetic characterisation of African swine fever viruses from outbreaks in southern Africa (1973–1999)"", ""Joining the club: First detection of African swine fever in wild boar in Germany"", 
""Assessment of African Swine Fever Diagnostic Techniques as a Response to the Epidemic Outbreaks in Eastern European Union Countries: How To Improve Surveillance and Control Programs"", ""Development and inter-laboratory validation study of an improved new real-time PCR assay with internal control for detection and laboratory diagnosis of African swine fever virus"", ""Molecular Diagnosis of African Swine Fever by a New Real-Time PCR Using Universal Probe Library"", ""Development of a TaqMan® PCR assay with internal amplification control for the detection of African swine fever virus"", 
""Highly Sensitive PCR Assay for Routine Diagnosis of African Swine Fever Virus in Clinical Samples"", ""Deletion at the 5′-end of Estonian ASFV strains associated with an attenuated phenotype"", NA, ""Course and transmission characteristics of oral low-dose infection of domestic pigs and European wild boar with a Caucasian African swine fever virus isolate"", ""Efficient inhibition of African swine fever virus replication by CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of the viral p30 gene (CP204L)"", ""Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement"", 
""Epidemiologic issues in the validation of veterinary diagnostic tests"", ""Development of a real-time PCR assay for detection of African swine fever virus with an endogenous internal control"", ""A universal heterologous internal control system for duplex real-time RT-PCR assays used in a detection system for pestiviruses"", ""Evaluation of seven commercial African swine fever virus detection kits and three Taq polymerases on 300 well-characterized field samples""), volume = c(""92"", ""295"", ""36"", NA, ""64"", 
""148"", ""287"", ""121"", ""68"", ""53"", ""178"", ""60"", ""107"", ""41"", ""8"", NA, ""160"", ""8"", ""1"", ""45"", ""67"", ""136"", ""280""), author = c(""Alejo"", ""Charro"", ""Gallardo"", NA, ""Achenbach"", ""Bastos"", ""Blome"", ""Boshoff"", ""Forth"", ""Gallardo"", ""Tignon"", ""Gallardo"", ""King"", ""Romero"", ""Zani"", NA, ""Pietschmann"", ""Petersen"", ""Bland"", ""Greiner"", ""Wang"", ""Hoffmann"", ""Schoder""), year = c(""2018"", ""2020"", ""2018"", NA, ""2016"", ""2003"", ""2020"", ""2007"", ""2020"", ""2015"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2002"", ""2003"", ""2018"", NA, ""2015"", ""2018"", ""1986"", 
""2000"", ""2020"", ""2006"", ""2020""), journal.title = c(""J. Virol."", ""J. Biol. Chem."", ""Vaccine"", NA, ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Arch. Virol."", ""Virus Res."", ""Vet.-Microbiol."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Sci. Rep."", NA, ""Arch. Virol."", ""Sci. Rep."", ""Lancet"", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Galindo, I., and Alonso, C. (2017). African Swine Fever Virus: A Review. Viruses, 9."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Sehl, J., Pikalo, J., Schäfer, A., Franzke, K., Pannhorst, K., Elnagar, A., Blohm, U., Blome, S., and Breithaupt, A. (2020). Comparative Pathology of Domestic Pigs and Wild Boar Infected with the Moderately Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Strain “Estonia 2014”. Pathogens, 9."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","v14020220","2022-01-24","en","list(DOI = c(""10.13039/501100000921"", NA), name = c(""European Cooperation in Science and Technology"", ""FLI ASF Research Network""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", NA), award = c(""15116 ASF-STOP"", ""ASF Research Network""), id.id = c(""10.13039/501100000921"", NA), id.id.type = c(""DOI"", NA), id.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", NA))","list(date = ""2022-01-24"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Pikalo","2022","Pikalo et al., 2022"
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""10.1007/s11259-007-9026-6"", NA, ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2004.10.009"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.11.034"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00189-1"", ""10.1016/S0749-0720(02)00028-2"", ""10.1007/s00705-005-0602-1"", NA, ""10.1016/0165-2427(94)90125-2"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.11.018"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.05.005"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.07.006"", ""10.1186/1471-2199-8-67"", NA, ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.02.002"", ""10.4102/jsava.v80i2.172"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.12.003"", ""10.3201/eid1412.080591"", NA, ""10.1128/JVI.58.2.676-679.1986"", 
NA, NA, ""10.1128/JCM.30.1.1-8.1992"", ""10.1016/S0168-1656(99)00163-7"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(84)90050-3"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.04.002"", ""10.2144/05391RV01"", ""10.1128/JCM.43.1.112-119.2005""), article.title = c(""Highly sensitive PCR assay for routine diagnosis of African swine fever virus in clinical samples"", ""A highly sensitive and specific gel-based multiplex RT-PCR assay for the simultaneous and differential diagnosis of African swine fever and Classical swine fever in clinical samples"", ""African swine fever virus"", 
""Development of a nested PCR and its internal control for the detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in Ornithodoros erraticus"", ""Genotyping field strains of African swine fever virus by partial p72 gene characterisation"", ""Molecular diagnosis of animal diseases: some experiences over the past decade"", ""Genetic characterisation of African swine fever viruses from outbreaks in southern Africa (1973–1999)"", ""Absolute quantification of mRNA using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays"", 
""Comparison of the genome sequences of non-pathogenic and pathogenic African swine fever virus isolates"", ""Phylogenomic analysis of 11 complete African swine fever virus genome sequences"", ""Quantitative simultaneous multiplex real-time PCR for the detection of porcine cytokines"", ""Scientific opinion on African swine fever"", ""African swine fever in the Caucasus, FAO Empres Watch"", ""Enhanced discrimination of African swine fever virus isolates through nucleotide sequencing of the p54, p72, and pB602L (CVR) genes"", 
""African swine fever viruses with two different genotypes, both of which occur in domestic pigs, are associated with ticks and adult warthogs, respectively, at a single geographical site"", ""Genetic characterisation of African swine fever viruses from recent and historical outbreaks in Sardinia (1978–2009)"", ""Development of a novel hot-start multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of classical swine fever virus, African swine fever virus, porcine circovirus type 2, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine parvovirus"", 
""BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT"", ""Adaptation of an Invader assay for the detection of African swine fever virus DNA"", ""Detection of African swine fever virus by loop-mediated isothermal amplification"", ""Development of a TaqMan PCR assay with internal amplification control for the detection of African swine fever virus"", ""Swine fever: classical swine fever and African swine fever"", ""Molecular epidemiology of African swine fever in East Africa"", 
""Hemadsorption and cytopathic effect produced by African Swine Fever virus in swine bone marrow and buffy coat cultures"", ""Porcine immune responses to African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection"", ""Molecular beacon real-time PCR detection of swine viruses"", ""Sensitive detection of African swine fever virus using real-time PCR with a 5′ conjugated minor groove binder probe"", ""Long-term storage at tropical temperature of dried-blood filter papers for detection and genotyping of RNA and DNA viruses by direct PCR"", 
""Selection of reference genes for gene expression studies in pig tissues using SYBR green qPCR"", ""Chapter 2.8.1. African swine fever"", ""Development and validation of a duplex real-time PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and quantification of porcine circovirus type 2 and an internal control on porcine semen samples"", ""Review of African swine fever: transmission, spread and control"", ""Design and verification of a highly reliable Linear-After-The-Exponential PCR (LATE-PCR) assay for the detection of African swine fever virus"", 
""African swine fever virus isolate, Georgia, 2007"", ""Primer3 on the WWW for general users and for biologist programmers"", ""Establishment of a Vero cell line persistently infected with African swine fever virus"", ""African swine fever: new developments"", ""African swine fever"", ""Rapid and biologically safe diagnosis of African swine fever virus infection by using polymerase chain reaction"", ""Housekeeping genes as internal standards: use and limits"", ""The persistence of African swine fever in Africa and the Mediterranean"", 
""Validation of a real-time PCR assay for the detection of bovine herpes virus 1 in bovine semen"", ""Real-time PCR for mRNA quantitation"", ""Preclinical diagnosis of African swine fever in contact-exposed swine by a real-time PCR assay""), volume = c(""41"", ""35"", ""vol. 11"", ""151"", ""148"", ""1"", ""121"", ""25"", ""89"", ""400"", ""306"", ""8"", NA, ""38"", ""92"", ""42"", ""32"", ""41"", ""124"", ""164"", ""107"", ""18"", ""150"", ""21"", ""43"", ""140"", ""168"", ""146"", ""8"", NA, ""149"", ""80"", ""172"", ""14"", ""132"", ""58"", ""1"", NA, ""30"", ""75"", ""2"", 
""144"", ""39"", ""43""), author = c(""Agüero"", ""Agüero"", ""Arias"", ""Basto"", ""Bastos"", ""Belák"", ""Boshoff"", ""Bustin"", ""Chapman"", ""De Villiers"", ""Duvigneau"", ""EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare"", ""FAO"", ""Gallardo"", ""Gallardo"", ""Giammarioli"", ""Giammarioli"", ""Hall"", ""Hjertner"", ""James"", ""King"", ""Kleiboeker"", ""Lubisi"", ""Malmquist"", ""Martins"", ""McKillen"", ""McKillen"", ""Michaud"", ""Nygard"", ""OIE"", ""Pal"", ""Penrith"", ""Ronish"", ""Rowlands"", ""Rozen"", ""Salas"", ""Sanchez-Botija"", ""Sánchez-Vizcaíno"", ""Steiger"", 
""Thellin"", ""Wilkinson"", ""Wang"", ""Wong"", ""Zsak""), year = c(""2003"", ""2004"", ""2002"", ""2006"", ""2003"", ""2001"", ""2007"", ""2000"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2005"", ""2010"", ""2008"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""1999"", ""2005"", ""2010"", ""2003"", ""2002"", ""2005"", ""1960"", ""1994"", ""2007"", ""2010"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2008"", ""2000"", ""1986"", ""1982"", ""2006"", ""1992"", ""1999"", ""1984"", ""2007"", ""2005"", ""2005""), journal.title = c(""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Res."", NA, ""Arch. Virol."", ""Arch. Virol."", 
""Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Mol. Endocrinol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""J. Immunol. Methods"", ""EFSA J."", ""FAO"", ""Virus Genes"", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Virus Genes"", ""Vet. Res. Commun."", ""Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract."", ""Arch. Virol."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", ""Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""BMC Mol. Biol."", NA, ""J. Virol. Methods"", 
""J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Methods Mol. Biol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz."", NA, ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Biotechnol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Biotechniques"", ""J. Clin. Microbiol.""), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals 2008"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Diseases of Swine"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S016609341100382X",NA,"en","list(name = c(""Network of Excellence for Epizootic Disease Diagnosis and Control"", ""DG-Research, EC, 7FP Grant Agreement"", ""European Union Reference Laboratory (URL)""), award = c(""FP6-2004-Food-3-A"", ""KBBE211691"", NA))","list(date = ""2011-12-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Tignon","2011","Tignon et al., 2011"
"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","2022-02-21","2023-02-09","2022-09","10.1111/tbed.14491","2025-05-14","1865-1674,1865-1682","5","2022-03-03","311",NA,"10.1155","Wiley","1","Crossref","31","31","4","Comparison of the sensitivity, specificity, correlation and inter‐assay agreement of eight diagnostic in vitro assays for the detection of African swine fever virus","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14491","69",NA,"Transbounding Emerging Dis","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4597-9529"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1899-7614"", NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, FALSE, NA), given = c(""Agathe"", ""Tirumala B.K."", ""Beatrice"", ""Angelique"", ""Cristian"", ""Charles E."", ""Giovanni""), family = c(""Auer"", ""Settypalli"", ""Mouille"", ""Angot"", ""De Battisti"", ""Lamien"", ""Cattoli""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications International Atomic Energy Agency  Seibersdorf Austria"", 
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""Emergency Prevention System (EMPRES), Animal Health Service Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO‐UN)  Rome Italy"", ""Emergency Prevention System (EMPRES), Animal Health Service Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO‐UN)  Rome Italy"", ""Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications International Atomic Energy Agency  Seibersdorf Austria"", 
""Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications International Atomic Energy Agency  Seibersdorf Austria""))","list(URL = c(""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.14491"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/tbed.14491"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.14491""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_2_8_2_1"", ""e_1_2_8_3_1"", ""e_1_2_8_4_1"", ""e_1_2_8_5_1"", ""e_1_2_8_6_1"", ""e_1_2_8_7_1"", ""e_1_2_8_8_1"", ""e_1_2_8_9_1"", ""e_1_2_8_10_1"", ""e_1_2_8_11_1"", ""e_1_2_8_12_1"", ""e_1_2_8_13_1"", ""e_1_2_8_14_1"", ""e_1_2_8_15_1"", ""e_1_2_8_16_1"", ""e_1_2_8_17_1"", ""e_1_2_8_18_1"", ""e_1_2_8_19_1"", ""e_1_2_8_20_1"", ""e_1_2_8_21_1"", ""e_1_2_8_22_1"", ""e_1_2_8_23_1"", ""e_1_2_8_24_1"", ""e_1_2_8_25_1"", ""e_1_2_8_26_1"", ""e_1_2_8_27_1"", ""e_1_2_8_28_1"", ""e_1_2_8_29_1"", ""e_1_2_8_30_1"", ""e_1_2_8_31_1"", ""e_1_2_8_32_1""), 
    doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA), DOI = c(""10.1111/tbed.12511"", ""10.1099/jgv.0.001049"", ""10.1111/tbed.14095"", NA, ""10.1007/s00705‐002‐0946‐8"", 
    ""10.1186/s12985-020-01398-8"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(95)91748-9"", ""10.1111/tbed.13298"", ""10.1111/tbed.13098"", ""10.1111/tbed.14070"", ""10.1017/CHOL9780521077910"", ""10.3201/eid1708.101877"", ""10.3390/v9050103"", ""10.3389/fvets.2020.00215"", ""10.1038/srep42892"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00189-1"", ""10.1016/0042-6822(90)90432-Q"", ""10.1111/tbed.12553"", ""10.1111/tbed.14240"", NA, ""10.1111/tbed.13399"", ""10.3390/v9020031"", ""10.3390/vetsci7030123"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0143164"", ""10.1201/9781420004045"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113874"", 
    ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.09.007"", ""10.1007/s12275-019-8457-4"", ""10.1897/05‐320r.1"", NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Applied Biosystems. (2021).Verification of the detection of African swine fever virus in food matrices with real‐time PCR(White paper).Document Connect.thermofisher.com"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Gallardo C.(2011).African Swine Fever Virus p72 Genotype IX in Domestic Pigs Congo 2009. Emerging Infectious Diseases http://doi.org/10.3201/eid1708.101877"", NA, NA, NA, 
    NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Moine S. Coulon E.&Leifer I.(2015). Development and validation of African Swine Fever Real‐time PCR kit (Poster). Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""World Organization for Animal Health. (2020).Global situation of African swine fever (ASF) Report N0. 47:2016–2020.Author."", ""World Organization for Animal Health. (2021).Terrestrial animal health code Chapter 15.1. Infection with African swine fever.Author.""))","10.1111/tbed.14491","2022-03-03","en","NULL","list(date = c(""2022-03-03"", ""2022-03-03""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""tdm""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"", ""http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1""))","https://doi.org/10.1002/crossmark_policy","list(value = c(""2021-11-02"", ""2022-02-19"", ""2022-03-03""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))","Portico",NA,"NULL",NA,"Auer","2022","Auer et al., 2022"
"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","2021-07-27","2025-05-19","2022-07","10.1111/tbed.14248","2025-05-20","1865-1674","4","2021-07-30","311","2344-2348","10.1155","Wiley","1","Crossref","14","14","9","Lateral flow assays for the detection of African swine fever virus antigen are not fit for field diagnosis of wild boar carcasses","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14248","69","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most important viral diseases of domestic pigs and wild boar. Apart from endemic cycles in Africa, ASF is now continuously spreading in Europe and Asia. As ASF leads to severe but unspecific clinical signs and high lethality, early pathogen detection is of utmost importance. Recently, ‘point‐of‐care’ (POC) tests, especially immunochromatographic assays, have been intensively discussed for the use in remote areas but also in the context of on‐farm epidemiological investigations and wild boar carcass screening. The later topic was the starting point for our present study. In detail, we evaluated the performance of the commercially available INGEZIM ASFV CROM Ag lateral flow assay (Eurofins Technologies Ingenasa) with selected high‐quality reference blood samples, and with blood samples from wild boar carcasses collected under field conditions in Germany. While we observed a sensitivity of roughly 77% in freeze‐thawed matrices of close to ideal quality, our approach to simulate field conditions in direct testing of blood samples from carcasses without any modification, resulted in a drastically reduced sensitivity of only 12.5% with the given sample set. Freeze thawing increased the sensitivity to roughly 44% which mirrored the overall sensitivity of 49% in the total data set of wild boar carcass samples. A diagnostic specificity of 100% was observed. In summary, the antigen LFA should not be regarded as a substitute for any OIE listed diagnostic method and has very limited use for carcass testing at the point of care. For optimized LFA antigen tests, the sensitivity with field samples must be significantly increased. An improved sensitivity is seen with freeze‐thawed samples, which may indicate problems in the accessibility of ASFV antigen that could be overcome, to a certain extent, with assay modifications.</jats:p>","Transbounding Emerging Dis","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-1358"", NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5465-5609""), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, FALSE), given = c(""Paul"", ""Jutta"", ""Martin"", ""Sandra""), family = c(""Deutschmann"", ""Pikalo"", ""Beer"", ""Blome""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Institute of Diagnostic Virology Friedrich‐Loeffler‐Institut  Greifswald Germany"", ""Institute of Diagnostic Virology Friedrich‐Loeffler‐Institut  Greifswald Germany"", 
""Institute of Diagnostic Virology Friedrich‐Loeffler‐Institut  Greifswald Germany"", ""Institute of Diagnostic Virology Friedrich‐Loeffler‐Institut  Greifswald Germany""))","list(URL = c(""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.14248"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/tbed.14248"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.14248""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_2_9_2_1"", ""e_1_2_9_3_1"", ""e_1_2_9_4_1"", ""e_1_2_9_5_1"", ""e_1_2_9_6_1"", ""e_1_2_9_7_1"", ""e_1_2_9_8_1"", ""e_1_2_9_9_1"", ""e_1_2_9_10_1"", ""e_1_2_9_11_1"", ""e_1_2_9_12_1"", ""e_1_2_9_13_1"", ""e_1_2_9_14_1"", ""e_1_2_9_15_1""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1099/jgv.0.001049"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198099"", ""10.3389/fvets.2021.637487"", 
""10.1186/s40813‐018‐0109‐2"", ""10.1146/annurev‐animal‐021419‐083741"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5494"", ""10.1016/S0166‐0934(02)00189‐1"", ""10.3390/pathogens10020177"", ""10.1111/tbed.13503"", ""10.1111/j.1865‐1682.2011.01293.x"", ""10.1186/s12917‐016‐0831‐4"", ""10.1111/TBED.13890"", ""10.1007/BF01315054"", ""10.1111/tbed.12989""))","10.1111/tbed.14248","2021-07-30","en","NULL","list(date = ""2021-07-30"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1002/crossmark_policy","list(value = c(""2021-04-28"", ""2021-07-18"", ""2021-07-30""), order = c(0, 2, 3), name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))","Portico",NA,"NULL",NA,"Deutschmann","2021","Deutschmann et al., 2021"
"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","2017-02-23","2024-06-22","2017-07","10.7589/2016-05-112","2024-06-22","0090-3558","3","2017-07","4415","602-606","10.7589","Wildlife Disease Association","1","Crossref","13","13","8","Evaluation of a Commercial Field Test to Detect African Swine Fever","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.7589/2016-05-112","53",NA,"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","list(given = c(""Stefano"", ""Federica"", ""Annamaria"", ""Manuele"", ""Caterina"", ""Giovanna"", ""Francesco"", ""Maria Luisa"", ""Annalisa"", ""Sandro""), family = c(""Cappai"", ""Loi"", ""Coccollone"", ""Cocco"", ""Falconi"", ""Dettori"", ""Feliziani"", ""Sanna"", ""Oggiano"", ""Rolesu""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Osservatorio Epidemiologico Veterinario Regionale (OEVR), Centro di Sorveglianza Epidemiologica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna “G. Pegreffi,” Via XX Settembre 9, 09125, Cagliari, Italy;"", 
""Osservatorio Epidemiologico Veterinario Regionale (OEVR), Centro di Sorveglianza Epidemiologica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna “G. Pegreffi,” Via XX Settembre 9, 09125, Cagliari, Italy;"", ""Osservatorio Epidemiologico Veterinario Regionale (OEVR), Centro di Sorveglianza Epidemiologica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna “G. Pegreffi,” Via XX Settembre 9, 09125, Cagliari, Italy;"", ""Osservatorio Epidemiologico Veterinario Regionale (OEVR), Centro di Sorveglianza Epidemiologica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna “G. Pegreffi,” Via XX Settembre 9, 09125, Cagliari, Italy;"", 
""Azienda Sanitaria Locale, n°7 Carbonia-Iglesias, Via Dalmazia 83, 09013, Carbonia, Italy;"", ""Osservatorio Epidemiologico Veterinario Regionale (OEVR), Centro di Sorveglianza Epidemiologica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna “G. Pegreffi,” Via XX Settembre 9, 09125, Cagliari, Italy;"", ""Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via G. Salvemini 1, 06126, Perugia, Italy;"", ""Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna “G. Pegreffi”, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy;"", 
""Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna “G. Pegreffi”, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy;"", ""Osservatorio Epidemiologico Veterinario Regionale (OEVR), Centro di Sorveglianza Epidemiologica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna “G. Pegreffi,” Via XX Settembre 9, 09125, Cagliari, Italy;""))","list(URL = c(""http://www.bioone.org/doi/full-xml/10.7589/2016-05-112"", ""http://www.jwildlifedis.org/doi/pdf/10.7589/2016-05-112""), content.type = c(""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""i0090-3558-53-3-602-Arias1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-Cappai1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-Dixon1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-Fan1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-Grzybowski1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-King1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-Mur1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-Mur2"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-OIEOfficeInternationaldesEpizooties1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-Pastor1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-Perez1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-SanchezVizcaino1"", ""i0090-3558-53-3-602-Swets1""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1136/vr.133.8.189"", NA, NA, ""10.1017/S1481803500013336"", ""10.1111/j.1553-2712.1997.tb03793.x"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00189-1"", ""10.1111/tbed.12264"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.12.034"", NA, ""10.2460/ajvr.1990.51.10.1540"", NA, ""10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.09.003"", ""10.1126/science.3287615""), unstructured = c(NA, ""Cappai S, Coccollone A, Rolesu S, Oggiano A, Madrau P, Loi F. 2016. Costi e benefici nell'utilizzo del PEN SIDE test per la ricerca anticorpale nei confronti della Peste Suina Africana.Journal SUMMA animali da reddito9:57–62. Italian."", 
""Dixon LK. 2005.Virus taxonomy.Eighth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses,Fauquet CM, Mayo MA, Maniloff J, Desselberger U, Ball LA, editors. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, California,pp. 135–143."", ""Fan J, Upadhye S, Worster A. 2006. Understanding receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Can J Emerg Med8:19–20."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""OIE (Office International des Epizooties). 2016.Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals 2016. http://www.oie.int/international-standard-setting/terrestrial-manual/access-online/. Accessed November 2016."", 
""Pastor MJ, Arias M, Escribano JM. 1990. Comparison of two antigens for use in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect African swine fever antibody.Am J Vet Res51:1540–1543."", ""Perez T, Gallardo C, Nieto R, De Mia G, Vela C, Bishop R, Couacy E, Martin H, Arias M, Sanz A. 2011. Development and preliminary validation of a Pen-side test based on the use of vp72 protein for ASFV antibody detection. In:Proceedings of the 6th international symposium on emerging and re-emerging pig diseases,IRTA-CRESA, Barcelona, Spain, 12–15 June,p. 291."", 
NA, NA))","10.7589/2016-05-112",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2017-07-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://www.bioone.org/page/resources/researchers/rights_and_permissions"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Cappai","2017","Cappai et al., 2017"
"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","2015-06-04","2022-03-05","2015-08","10.1128/jcm.00857-15","2025-06-13","0095-1137,1098-660X","8","2015-08","235","2555-2565","10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","56","56","152","Assessment of African Swine Fever Diagnostic Techniques as a Response to the Epidemic Outbreaks in Eastern European Union Countries: How To Improve Surveillance and Control Programs","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00857-15","53","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
          <jats:p>This study represents a complete comparative analysis of the most widely used African swine fever (ASF) diagnostic techniques in the European Union (EU) using field and experimental samples from animals infected with genotype II ASF virus (ASFV) isolates circulating in Europe. To detect ASFV, three different PCRs were evaluated in parallel using 785 field and experimental samples. The results showed almost perfect agreement between the Universal ProbeLibrary (UPL-PCR) and the real-time (κ = 0.94 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.91 to 0.97]) and conventional (κ = 0.88 [95% CI, 0.83 to 0.92]) World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)-prescribed PCRs. The UPL-PCR had greater diagnostic sensitivity for detecting survivors and allows earlier detection of the disease. Compared to the commercial antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), good-to-moderate agreement (κ = 0.67 [95% CI, 0.58 to 0.76]) was obtained, with a sensitivity of 77.2% in the commercial test. For ASF antibody detection, five serological methods were tested, including three commercial ELISAs, the OIE-ELISA, and the confirmatory immunoperoxidase test (IPT). Greater sensitivity was obtained with the IPT than with the ELISAs, since the IPT was able to detect ASF antibodies at an earlier point in the serological response, when few antibodies are present. The analysis of the exudate tissues from dead wild boars showed that IPT might be a useful serological tool for determining whether or not animals had been exposed to virus infection, regardless of whether antibodies were present. In conclusion, the UPL-PCR in combination with the IPT was the most trustworthy method for detecting ASF during the epidemic outbreaks affecting EU countries in 2014. The use of the most appropriate diagnostic tools is critical when implementing effective control programs.</jats:p>","J Clin Microbiol","list(given = c(""C."", ""R."", ""A."", ""V."", ""J."", ""I."", ""G."", ""I."", ""R."", ""A."", ""C."", ""E."", ""P."", ""M.""), family = c(""Gallardo"", ""Nieto"", ""Soler"", ""Pelayo"", ""Fernández-Pinero"", ""Markowska-Daniel"", ""Pridotkas"", ""Nurmoja"", ""Granta"", ""Simón"", ""Pérez"", ""Martín"", ""Fernández-Pacheco"", ""Arias""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""European Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever (EURL), Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA/INIA, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain"", 
""European Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever (EURL), Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA/INIA, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain"", ""European Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever (EURL), Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA/INIA, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain"", ""European Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever (EURL), Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA/INIA, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain"", ""European Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever (EURL), Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA/INIA, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain"", 
""National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland"", ""National Food and Veterinary Risk Assessment Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania"", ""Estonian Veterinary and Food Laboratory, Tartu, Estonia"", ""Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment BIOR, Riga, Latvia"", ""European Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever (EURL), Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA/INIA, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain"", ""European Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever (EURL), Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA/INIA, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain"", 
""European Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever (EURL), Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA/INIA, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain"", ""European Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever (EURL), Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA/INIA, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain"", ""European Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever (EURL), Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA/INIA, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain""))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JCM.00857-15"", ""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JCM.00857-15""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_3_2_2_2"", ""e_1_3_2_3_2"", ""e_1_3_2_4_2"", ""e_1_3_2_5_2"", ""e_1_3_2_6_2"", ""e_1_3_2_7_2"", ""e_1_3_2_8_2"", ""e_1_3_2_9_2"", ""e_1_3_2_10_2"", ""e_1_3_2_11_2"", ""e_1_3_2_12_2"", ""e_1_3_2_13_2"", ""e_1_3_2_14_2"", ""e_1_3_2_15_2"", ""e_1_3_2_16_2"", ""e_1_3_2_17_2"", ""e_1_3_2_18_2"", ""e_1_3_2_19_2"", ""e_1_3_2_20_2"", ""e_1_3_2_21_2"", ""e_1_3_2_22_2"", ""e_1_3_2_23_2"", ""e_1_3_2_24_2"", ""e_1_3_2_25_2"", ""e_1_3_2_26_2"", ""e_1_3_2_27_2"", ""e_1_3_2_28_2"", ""e_1_3_2_29_2"", ""e_1_3_2_30_2"", ""e_1_3_2_31_2"", ""e_1_3_2_32_2"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Council directive of 24 November 1986 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States regarding the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes"", NA, ""Standard operating procedure for the detection of antibodies against African swine fever by indirect immunoperoxidase technique"", ""Statistical methods for medical investigations"", NA, ""Assessment of ASF diagnostic tests in domestic pig and wild boar sample analysis. Some considerations on diagnostic interpretation"", 
NA, NA, ""Council Directive 2002/60/EC of 27 June 2002 laying down specific provisions for the control of African swine fever and amending Directive 92/119/EEC as regards Teschen disease and African swine fever (text with EEA relevance)"", NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Dixon LK"", ""Arias M"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""World Organisation for Animal Health"", ""World Organisation for Animal Health"", ""World Organisation for Animal Health"", ""World Organisation for Animal Health"", 
""World Organisation for Animal Health"", NA, ""Pejsak Z"", NA, ""European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)"", ""European Commission, Health and Consumers Directorate-General (7138/2013)"", ""World Organisation for Animal Health"", NA, ""Sánchez-Vizcaíno JM"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Gallardo C"", NA, ""Carrascosa AL"", NA, ""Reed LJ"", ""European Commission"", NA, ""European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) for ASF"", ""Everitt BS"", NA, ""Gallardo C"", NA, NA, ""European Council"", NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, ""2005"", ""2012"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2012"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2014"", NA, ""2014"", NA, ""2014"", NA, ""2012"", NA, ""2013"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2012"", NA, ""2011"", NA, ""1938"", ""1986"", NA, NA, ""1989"", NA, ""2014"", NA, NA, ""2002"", NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Dixon LK, Escribano JM, Martins C, Rock DL, Salas ML, Wilkinson PJ. 2005. Asfarviridae, p 135–143. In Fauquet CM, Mayo MA, Maniloff J, Desselberger U, Ball LA (ed), Virus Taxonomy: eighth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Elsevier, Academic Press, London, United Kingdom."", 
""Arias M, Sánchez-Vizcaíno JM. 2012. African swine fever, p 396–404. In Zimmerman JJ, Karriker LA, Ramirez A, Schwartz KJ, Stevenson GW (ed), Diseases of swine, 10th ed. John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex, United Kingdom."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2013. African swine fever in the Russian Federation: risk factors for Europe and beyond. EMPRES Watch 28:1–13. http://www.fao.org/docrep/018/aq240e/aq240e.pdf."", ""World Organisation for Animal Health. 2012. Immediate notification report. Ref OIE: 12168. World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris, France. http://web.oie.int/wahis/reports/en_imm_0000012168_20120731_134719.pdf."", 
""World Organisation for Animal Health. 2014a. African swine fever, Ukraine. World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris, France. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?reportid=14625."", ""World Organisation for Animal Health. 2013. Immediate notification report. Ref OIE: 13663. World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris, France. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/temp/reports/en_imm_0000013663_20130624_102939.pdf."", ""World Organisation for Animal Health. 2014. Immediate notification report. Ref OIE: 14690. World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris, France. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/temp/reports/en_imm_0000014690_20140127_143257.pdf."", 
""World Organisation for Animal Health. 2014c. Immediate notification report. Ref OIE: 14793. World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris, France. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/temp/reports/en_imm_0000014793_20140218_131143.pdf."", NA, ""Pejsak Z, Truszczyński M, Kozak E, Markowska-Daniel I. 2014a. Epidemiological analysis of two first cases of African swine fever in wild boars in Poland. Medycyna Weter 70:369–372."", NA, ""European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). 2014. Scientific review on African swine fever. EFSA J 12:3628."", 
""European Commission, Health and Consumers Directorate-General (7138/2013). Guidelines on surveillance and control of African swine fever in feral pigs and preventive measures for pig holdings. European Commission, Health and Consumers Directorate-General, Brussels, Belgium. http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/docs/sanco_7138_2013_asf_wb_en.pdf."", ""World Organisation for Animal Health. 2012. African swine fever. In OIE terrestrial manual 2012. World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris, France."", 
NA, ""Sánchez-Vizcaíno JM, Mur L. 2013. African swine fever diagnosis update. Dev Biol (Basel) 135:159–165."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Gallardo C, Nieto R, Martín E, Pelayo V, Arias M. 2012. Validation of indirect immunoperoxidase technique (IPT) as alternative confirmatory test for African swine fever antibody detection. Proc IX Int Cong Vet Virol (ESVV), 4 to 7 September 2012, Madrid, Spain."", NA, ""Carrascosa AL, Bustos MJ, de Leon P. 2011. Methods for growing and titrating African swine fever virus: field and laboratory samples. Curr Protoc Cell Biol Chapter 26:Unit 26.14."", 
NA, ""Reed LJ, Muench H. 1938. A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. Am J Hyg (Lond) 27:493–497."", ""European Commission. 1986. Council directive of 24 November 1986 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States regarding the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes. EC Directive 86/609/EEC. European Commission, Brussels, Belgium. http://ec.europa.eu/food/fs/aw/aw_legislation/scientific/86-609-eec_en.pdf."", 
NA, ""European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) for ASF. Standard operating procedure for the detection of antibodies against African swine fever by indirect immunoperoxidase technique. European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) for ASF, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain. http://asf-referencelab.info/asf/images/files/PROTOCOLOS-EN/SOP-ASF-IPT-1(1).pdf."", ""Everitt BS. 1989. Statistical methods for medical investigations. Oxford University Press, New York, NY."", 
NA, ""Gallardo C, Nieto R, Pelayo V, Fernández-Pacheco P, Soler A, Simón A, Pérez C, Martín E, Markowska-Daniel I, Pridotkas G, Tignon M, Fernández-Pinero J, Arias M. 2014. Assessment of ASF diagnostic tests in domestic pig and wild boar sample analysis. Some considerations on diagnostic interpretation. In Workshop on laboratory diagnosis of African and Classical swine fever (ASF and CSF), 2 to 3 June 2014, Madrid, Spain."", NA, NA, ""European Council. 2002. Council Directive 2002/60/EC of 27 June 2002 laying down specific provisions for the control of African swine fever and amending Directive 92/119/EEC as regards Teschen disease and African swine fever (text with EEA relevance). European Council, Brussels, Belgium. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32002L0060&from=EN."", 
NA, NA), edition = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Epidemiological analysis of two first cases of African swine fever in wild boars in Poland"", NA, ""Scientific review on African swine fever"", 
NA, NA, NA, ""African swine fever diagnosis update"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Methods for growing and titrating African swine fever virus: field and laboratory samples"", NA, ""A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""70"", NA, ""12"", NA, NA, NA, ""135"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""26"", NA, ""27"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Medycyna Weter"", NA, ""EFSA J"", NA, NA, NA, ""Dev Biol (Basel)"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Curr Protoc Cell Biol"", NA, ""Am J Hyg (Lond)"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1128/JCM.00857-15",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2015-08-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","list(value = c(""2015-03-29"", ""2015-05-22"", ""2015-07-20""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Gallardo","2015","Gallardo et al., 2015"
"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","2023-02-23","2023-02-23",NA,"10.3389/fvets.2023.1079918","2025-05-27","2297-1769",NA,"2023-02-23","1965",NA,"10.3389","Frontiers Media SA","1","Crossref","49","49","2","Modeling the accuracy of a novel PCR and antibody ELISA for African swine fever virus detection using Bayesian latent class analysis","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1079918","10","<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Diagnostic test evaluation for African swine fever (ASF) in field settings like Vietnam is critical to understanding test application in intended populations for surveillance and control strategies. Bayesian latent class analysis (BLCA) uses the results of multiple imperfect tests applied to an individual of unknown disease status to estimate the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of each test, forgoing the need for a reference test.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Here, we estimated and compared the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of a novel indirect ELISA (iELISA) for ASF virus p30 antibody (Innoceleris LLC.) and the VetAlert™ ASF virus DNA Test Kit (qPCR, Tetracore Inc.) in field samples from Vietnam by assuming that disease status 1) is known and 2) is unknown using a BLCA model. In this cross-sectional study, 398 paired, individual swine serum/oral fluid (OF) samples were collected from 30 acutely ASF-affected farms, 37 chronically ASF-affected farms, and 20 ASF-unaffected farms in Vietnam. Samples were tested using both diagnostic assays. Diagnostic sensitivity was calculated assuming samples from ASF-affected farms were true positives and diagnostic sensitivity by assuming samples from unaffected farms were true negatives. ROC curves were plotted and AUC calculated for each test/sample combination. For comparison, a conditionally dependent, four test/sample combination, three population BLCA model was fit.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>When considering all assumed ASF-affected samples, qPCR sensitivity was higher for serum (65.2%, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 58.1–71.8) and OF (52%, 95%CI 44.8–59.2) compared to the iELISA (serum: 42.9%, 95%CI 35.9–50.1; OF: 33.3%, 95%CI 26.8–40.4). qPCR-serum had the highest AUC (0.895, 95%CI 0.863–0.928). BLCA estimates were nearly identical to those obtained when assuming disease status and were robust to changes in priors. qPCR sensitivity was considerably higher than ELISA in the acutely-affected population, while ELISA sensitivity was higher in the chronically-affected population. Specificity was nearly perfect for all test/sample types.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>The effect of disease chronicity on sensitivity and specificity could not be well characterized here due to limited data, but future studies should aim to elucidate these trends to understand the best use of virus and antibody detection methods for ASF. Results presented here will help the design of surveillance and control strategies in Vietnam and other countries affected by ASF.</jats:p></jats:sec>","Front. Vet. Sci.","list(given = c(""Rachel"", ""Luis G."", ""Vu Duc"", ""Lai Thi Lan"", ""Nguyen Thi"", ""Pham Hong"", ""Do Duc"", ""Ha Xuan"", ""Vo Dinh"", ""Rolf"", ""William"", ""Juan Carlos"", ""Albert"", ""Marie R."", ""Andres M.""), family = c(""Schambow"", ""Giménez-Lirola"", ""Hanh"", ""Huong"", ""Lan"", ""Trang"", ""Luc"", ""Bo"", ""Chuong"", ""Rauh"", ""Nelson"", ""Mora-Díaz"", ""Rovira"", ""Culhane"", ""Perez""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", 
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""European Commission Directorate 2015 ASF Strategy for Eastern part of EU http://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/animals/docs/ad_control-measures_asf_wrk-doc-sante-2015-7113.pdf"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""R programming for medicine and biology"", NA, ""Introduction to linear regression analysis"", ""African swine fever Czech Republic"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2017-09-17","en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/501100000921"", name = ""European Cooperation in Science and Technology"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", id.id = ""10.13039/501100000921"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = c(""2017-09-17"", ""2017-09-17""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1"", ""http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor""))",NA,"NULL","Portico",NA,"NULL",NA,"Carlson","2017","Carlson et al., 2017"
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""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB12|cit12"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB13|cit13"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB14|cit14"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB15|cit15"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB16|cit16"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB17|cit17"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB18|cit18"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB19|cit19"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB20|cit20"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB21|cit21"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB22|cit22"", 
""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB23|cit23"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB24|cit24"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB25|cit25"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB26|cit26"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB27|cit27"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB28|cit28"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB29|cit29"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x-BIB30|cit30""), volume.title = c(""Avian Influenza Ames"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(""Alexander"", NA, ""Lupiani"", ""Fouchier"", ""Spickler"", ""European Commission"", ""European Commission"", ""World Organization for Animal Health"", ""Yamamoto"", ""Greiner"", ""Hui"", ""Watcharatanyatip"", ""Sala"", ""Dlugolenski"", ""Cattoli"", ""Chen"", ""Chen"", ""Jin"", ""Branscum"", NA, ""Toft"", ""Van der Goot"", ""Upadhyay"", ""Spiegelhalter"", ""Escorcia"", ""Marché"", ""Brown"", ""Cattoli"", ""Song"", ""Toft""), year = c(""2008"", NA, ""2009"", 
""2003"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2006"", ""2009"", ""2007"", ""2000"", ""1980"", ""2010"", ""2003"", ""2010"", ""2003"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2004"", ""2005"", NA, ""2007"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2002"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2006"", ""2009"", ""2005""), unstructured = c(NA, ""World Health Organization H5N1 avian influenza: timeline of major events 2011 http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/H5N1_avian_influenza_update.pdf"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Spiegelhalter D Thomas A Best N Lunn D WinBUGS User Manual - upgraded 2007 http://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk/bugs/winbugs/manual14.pdf"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""), first.page = c(NA, NA, ""311"", ""1754"", ""555"", ""22"", ""1"", NA, ""673"", ""3"", ""167"", ""238"", ""1057"", ""644"", ""1060"", ""124"", ""205"", ""870"", 
""145"", NA, ""244"", ""1771"", ""158"", ""583"", ""57"", ""627"", ""824"", ""154"", ""323"", ""19""), DOI = c(NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.cimid.2008.01.004"", ""10.1016/S0264-410X(03)00067-7"", ""10.1080/03079450802499118"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1292/jvms.69.673"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00114-8"", ""10.2307/2530508"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.09.027"", ""10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.1057"", ""10.1637/8683-030909-ResNote.1"", ""10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.1060"", ""10.1637/8076-071807-Reg"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.09.064"", ""10.1637/7226-062204r"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.005"", 
NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.01.003"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.12.009"", ""10.1186/1743-422X-6-158"", ""10.1111/1467-9868.00353"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-6-57"", ""10.1637/8759-033109-Reg.1"", ""10.1128/CVI.00084-09"", ""10.1080/03079450600598079"", ""10.4142/jvs.2009.10.4.323"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.01.006""), article.title = c(NA, NA, ""The history of avian influenza"", ""Animal influenza virus surveillance"", ""The onset of virus shedding and clinical signs in chickens infected with high-pathogenicity and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses"", 
""Commission Decision 2010/367/EC on the implementation by member states of surveillance programmes for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds"", ""Commission Decision 2006/437/EC of 4 August 2006 approving a Diagnostic Manual for avian influenza as provided for Council Directive 2005/94/EC"", NA, ""Preliminary evaluation of diagnostic tests for avian influenza using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) Method in an emergency surveillance"", ""Epidemiologic issues in the validation of veterinary diagnostic tests"", 
""Estimating the error rates of diagnostic tests"", ""Multispecies detection of antibodies to influenza A viruses by a double-antigen sandwich ELISA"", ""ELISA test for the detection of influenza H7 antibodies in avian sera"", ""Production of H5-specific monoclonal antibodies and the development of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of H5 antibodies in multiple species"", ""Development and preliminary validation of an ad hoc N1-N3 discriminatory test for the control of avian influenza in Italy"", 
""H5 antibody detection by blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a monoclonal antibody"", ""Detection of H6 influenza antibody by blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay"", ""Development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with nucleoprotein as antigen for detection of antibodies to avian influenza virus"", ""Estimation of diagnostic-test sensitivity and specificity through Bayesian modeling"", NA, ""Assessing the convergence of Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods: an example from evaluation of diagnostic tests in absence of a gold standard"", 
""Validation of diagnostic tests for detection of avian influenza in vaccinated chickens using Bayesian analysis"", ""Detection of NP, N3 and N7 antibodies to avian influenza virus by indirect ELISA using yeast-expressed antigens"", ""Bayesian measures of model complexity and fit"", ""Impact of antigenic and genetic drift on the serologic surveillance of H5N2 avian influenza viruses"", ""Evaluation of different strategies for the use of ELISA tests as first screening tools for serologic surveillance of low pathogenic avian influenza in the Belgian poultry sector"", 
""Evaluation of a commercial blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect avian influenza virus antibodies in multiple experimentally infected avian species"", ""Development and validation of an anti-N3 indirect immunofluorescent antibody test to be used as a companion diagnostic test in the framework of a ‘DIVA’ vaccination strategy for avian influenza infections in poultry"", ""Evaluation of a competitive ELISA for antibody detection against avian influenza virus"", ""Diagnosing diagnostic tests: evaluating the assumptions underlying the estimation of sensitivity and specificity in the absence of a gold standard""
), volume = c(NA, NA, ""32"", ""21"", ""37"", ""166"", ""237"", NA, ""69"", ""45"", ""36"", ""163"", ""3"", ""1"", ""3"", ""52"", ""142"", ""48"", ""68"", NA, ""79"", ""28"", ""6"", ""64"", ""6"", ""54"", ""16"", ""35"", ""10"", ""68""), journal.title = c(NA, NA, ""Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"", ""Vaccine"", ""Avian Pathol"", ""Off J Eur Union"", ""Off J Eur Union"", NA, ""J Vet Med Sci"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Biometrics"", ""J Virol Methods"", ""Avian Dis"", ""Avian Dis"", ""Avian Dis"", ""Avian Dis"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Avian Dis"", ""Prev Vet Med"", NA, ""Prev Vet Med"", 
""Vaccine"", ""Virol J"", ""J R Statist Soc B"", ""BMC Vet Res"", ""Avian Dis"", ""Clin Vaccine Immunol"", ""Avian Pathol"", ""J Vet Sci"", ""Prev Vet Med""), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Suppl."", ""Suppl"", ""Suppl."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2012-06-14","en","NULL","list(date = ""2015-09-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 1174, URL = ""http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1"")",NA,"NULL",NA,"Evaluation of serological tests for avian influenza","NULL",NA,"Comin","2012","Comin et al., 2012"
"Scientific Reports","2020-05-21","2022-12-06",NA,"10.1038/s41598-020-64003-6","2025-05-08","2045-2322","1","2020-05-21","297",NA,"10.1038","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","20","20","21","Detection of avian influenza virus: a comparative study of the in silico and in vitro performances of current RT-qPCR assays","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64003-6","10","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Avian influenza viruses (AIV) are negative sense RNA viruses posing a major threat to the poultry industry worldwide, with the potential to spread to mammals, including humans; hence, an accurate and rapid AIV diagnosis is essential. To date AIV detection relies on molecular methods, mainly RT-qPCR directed against AIV M gene segment. The evolution of AIV represents a relevant issue in diagnostic RT-qPCR due to possible mispriming and/or probe-binding failures resulting in false negative results. Consequently, RT-qPCR for AIV detection should be periodically re-assessed both in silico and <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>. To this end, a specific workflow was developed to evaluate in silico the complementarity of primers and probes of four published RT-qPCR protocols to their target regions. The four assays and one commercially available kit for AIV detection were evaluated both for their analytical sensitivity using eight different viral dilution panels and for their diagnostic performances against clinical specimens of known infectious status. Differences were observed among the tests under evaluation, both in terms of analytical sensitivity and of diagnostic performances. This finding confirms the importance of continuously monitoring the primers and probes complementarity to their binding regions.</jats:p>","Sci Rep","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0102-7021"", NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7021-1688"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA, FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""Andrea"", ""Andrea"", ""Giulia"", ""Akihiro"", ""Yoshihiro"", ""Joseph Adongo"", ""Emilie"", ""Abdelsatar"", ""Ali Safar"", ""Calogero"", ""Isabella""), family = c(""Laconi"", ""Fortin"", ""Bedendo"", ""Shibata"", ""Sakoda"", ""Awuni"", ""Go-Maro"", ""Arafa"", ""Maken Ali"", ""Terregino"", ""Monne""), sequence = c(""first"", 
""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-64003-6.pdf"", ""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-64003-6"", ""https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-64003-6.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""text/html"", ""application/pdf""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""64003_CR1"", ""64003_CR2"", ""64003_CR3"", ""64003_CR4"", ""64003_CR5"", ""64003_CR6"", ""64003_CR7"", ""64003_CR8"", ""64003_CR9"", ""64003_CR10"", ""64003_CR11"", ""64003_CR12"", ""64003_CR13"", ""64003_CR14"", ""64003_CR15"", ""64003_CR16"", ""64003_CR17"", ""64003_CR18"", ""64003_CR19"", ""64003_CR20""), unstructured = c(""Avian Influenza (Infection with avian influenza viruses). OIE Terr. Man. 2015 - Chapter 2.3.4 (2015)."", ""Saurez, D. E. Common aspects of animal influenza. Anim. Influ. 3–29 (2017)."", ""Monne, I. et al. Development and validation of a one-step real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of subtype H5, H7, and H9 avian influenza viruses. J. Clin. Microbiol. 46, 1769–1773 (2008)."", 
""Slomka, M. J. et al. Identification of Sensitive and Specific Avian Influenza Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods Through Blind Ring Trials Organized in the European Union. Avian Dis. 51, 227–234 (2007)."", ""Spackman, E., Ip, H. S., Suarez, D. L., Slemons, R. & Stallknecht, D. Analytical validation of a real-time RT-PCR test for Pan-American lineage H7 subtype avian influenza viruses. J. Vet. Diagnostic Investig. 20, 612–616 (2008)."", ""Spackman, E. et al. Development of a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assay for type A influenza virus and the avian H5 and H7 hemagglutinin subtypes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40, 3256–3260 (2002)."", 
""Nagy, A., Jiřinec, T., Jiřincová, H., Černíková, L. & Havlíčková, M. In silico re-assessment of a diagnostic RT-qPCR assay for universal detection of Influenza A viruses. Sci. Rep. 9, 1–10 (2019)."", ""Heine, H. G. et al. Detection of highly pathogenic zoonotic influenza virus H5N6 by reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Virol. J. 12, 10–13 (2015)."", ""Hoffmann, B., Hoffmann, D., Henritzi, D., Beer, M. & Harder, T. C. Riems influenza a typing array (RITA): An RT-qPCR-based low density array for subtyping avian and mammalian influenza a viruses. Sci. Rep. 6, 27211 (2016)."", 
""Nagy, A. et al. Development and evaluation of a one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for universal detection of influenza A viruses from avian and mammal species. Arch. Virol. 155, 665–673 (2010)."", ""Reid, S. et al. Evaluation of the VetmaxTM-Gold AIV detection kit and VetmaxTM-Gold SIV detection kit for detection of avian and swine influenza viruses. in 5TH CONGRESS OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS 14 – 17 OCTOBER, 2018, MCE BUSINESS AND CONFERENCE CENTRE, BRUSSELS, BELGIUM 105 (2018)."", 
""Li, W. & Godzik, A. Cd-hit: A fast program for clustering and comparing large sets of protein or nucleotide sequences. Bioinformatics 22, 1658–1659 (2006)."", ""Reed, L. J. & Muench, H. A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints. Am. J. Hygene 27, 493–497 (1938)."", ""Principles and methods of validation of diagnostic assays for infectious diseases. OIE Terr. Man. 2018 - Chapter 1.1.6. (2018)."", ""Dohoo, I. R., Martin, S. W. & Stryhn, H. Veterinary Epidemiologic Research. (VER, Incorporated, 2009)."", 
""Slomka, M. J. et al. Real time reverse transcription (RRT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for detection of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus and European swine influenza A virus infections in pigs. Influenza Other Respi. Viruses 4, 277–293 (2010)."", ""Slomka, M. J. et al. Validated H5 Eurasian Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase–Polymerase Chain Reaction and Its Application in H5N1 Outbreaks in 2005–2006. Avian Dis. 51, 373–377 (2007)."", ""Ito, T., Gorman, O. T., Kawaoka, Y., Bean, W. J. & Webster, R. G. Evolutionary analysis of the influenza A virus M gene with comparison of the M1 and M2 proteins. J. Virol. 65, 5491–8 (1991)."", 
""Widjaja, L., Krauss, S. L., Webby, R. J., Xie, T. & Webster, R. G. Matrix Gene of Influenza A Viruses Isolated from Wild Aquatic Birds: Ecology and Emergence of Influenza A Viruses. J. Virol. 78, 8771–8779 (2004)."", ""Shibata, A. et al. Isolation and characterization of avian influenza viruses from raw poultry products illegally imported to Japan by international flight passengers. Transbound. Emerg. Dis. 65, 465–475 (2018).""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), first.page = c(NA, NA, ""1769"", ""227"", ""612"", ""3256"", ""1"", ""10"", NA, ""665"", NA, ""1658"", ""493"", NA, NA, ""277"", ""373"", ""5491"", ""8771"", ""465""), DOI = c(NA, NA, ""10.1128/JCM.02204-07"", ""10.1637/7674-063006R1.1"", ""10.1177/104063870802000512"", ""10.1128/JCM.40.9.3256-3260.2002"", ""10.1038/s41598-018-37186-2"", ""10.1186/s12985-015-0250-3"", ""10.1038/srep27211"", 
""10.1007/s00705-010-0636-x"", NA, ""10.1093/bioinformatics/btl158"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1637/7664-060906R1.1"", ""10.1128/JVI.65.10.5491-5498.1991"", ""10.1128/JVI.78.16.8771-8779.2004"", ""10.1111/tbed.12726""), volume = c(NA, NA, ""46"", ""51"", ""20"", ""40"", ""9"", ""12"", ""6"", ""155"", NA, ""22"", ""27"", NA, NA, ""4"", ""51"", ""65"", ""78"", ""65""), author = c(NA, NA, ""I Monne"", ""MJ Slomka"", ""E Spackman"", ""E Spackman"", ""A Nagy"", ""HG Heine"", ""B Hoffmann"", ""A Nagy"", NA, ""W Li"", ""LJ Reed"", NA, NA, ""MJ Slomka"", ""MJ Slomka"", ""T Ito"", 
""L Widjaja"", ""A Shibata""), year = c(NA, NA, ""2008"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2002"", ""2019"", ""2015"", ""2016"", ""2010"", NA, ""2006"", ""1938"", NA, NA, ""2010"", ""2007"", ""1991"", ""2004"", ""2018""), journal.title = c(NA, NA, ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Avian Dis."", ""J. Vet. Diagnostic Investig."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Sci. Rep."", ""Virol. J."", ""Sci. Rep."", ""Arch. Virol."", NA, ""Bioinformatics"", ""Am. J. Hygene"", NA, NA, ""Viruses"", ""Avian Dis."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis.""))","64003","2020-05-21","en","NULL","list(date = c(""2020-05-21"", ""2020-05-21""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"", ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0""))","https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy","list(value = c(""1 November 2019"", ""7 April 2020"", ""21 May 2020"", ""The authors declare no competing interests.""), order = c(1, 2, 3, 1), name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""first_online"", ""Ethics""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""First Online"", NA), group.name = c(""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""EthicsHeading""), group.label = c(""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Competing interests""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Laconi","2020","Laconi et al., 2020"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2018-01-12","2023-01-19","2018-02","10.1017/s0950268817002898","2025-05-17","0950-2688,1469-4409","3","2018-01-12","56","306-313","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","38","38","13","Evaluation of ELISA and haemagglutination inhibition as screening tests in serosurveillance for H5/H7 avian influenza in commercial chicken flocks","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268817002898","146","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtypes H5 and H7 can infect poultry causing low pathogenicity (LP) AI, but these LPAIVs may mutate to highly pathogenic AIV in chickens or turkeys causing high mortality, hence H5/H7 subtypes demand statutory intervention. Serological surveillance in the European Union provides evidence of H5/H7 AIV exposure in apparently healthy poultry. To identify the most sensitive screening method as the first step in an algorithm to provide evidence of H5/H7 AIV infection, the standard approach of H5/H7 antibody testing by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) was compared with an ELISA, which detects antibodies to all subtypes. Sera (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 1055) from 74 commercial chicken flocks were tested by both methods. A Bayesian approach served to estimate diagnostic test sensitivities and specificities, without assuming any ‘gold standard’. Sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA was 97% and 99.8%, and for H5/H7 HI 43% and 99.8%, respectively, although H5/H7 HI sensitivity varied considerably between infected flocks. ELISA therefore provides superior sensitivity for the screening of chicken flocks as part of an algorithm, which subsequently utilises H5/H7 HI to identify infection by these two subtypes. With the calculated sensitivity and specificity, testing nine sera per flock is sufficient to detect a flock seroprevalence of 30% with 95% probability.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""M. E."", ""M. J."", ""A. C."", ""C. K."", ""S."", ""S."", ""R. J."", ""R."", ""S."", ""V."", ""L. E."", ""R. J."", ""G."", ""I. H.""), family = c(""Arnold"", ""Slomka"", ""Breed"", ""Hjulsager"", ""Pritz-Verschuren"", ""Venema-Kemper"", ""Bouwstra"", ""Trebbien"", ""Zohari"", ""Ceeraz"", ""Larsen"", ""Manvell"", ""Koch"", ""Brown""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), 
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""S0950268817002898_ref7"", ""S0950268817002898_ref13"", ""S0950268817002898_ref22"", ""S0950268817002898_ref38"", ""S0950268817002898_ref21"", ""S0950268817002898_ref24"", ""S0950268817002898_ref15"", ""S0950268817002898_ref35"", ""S0950268817002898_ref4"", ""S0950268817002898_ref33"", ""S0950268817002898_ref12"", ""S0950268817002898_ref2"", ""S0950268817002898_ref32"", ""S0950268817002898_ref26"", ""S0950268817002898_ref27"", ""S0950268817002898_ref29"", ""S0950268817002898_ref3"", ""S0950268817002898_ref8"", ""S0950268817002898_ref36"", 
""S0950268817002898_ref1"", ""S0950268817002898_ref6"", ""S0950268817002898_ref10"", ""S0950268817002898_ref30"", ""S0950268817002898_ref11"", ""S0950268817002898_ref14"", ""S0950268817002898_ref5"", ""S0950268817002898_ref16"", ""S0950268817002898_ref18"", ""S0950268817002898_ref20"", ""S0950268817002898_ref31"", ""S0950268817002898_ref17"", ""S0950268817002898_ref25"", ""S0950268817002898_ref28"", ""S0950268817002898_ref19""), DOI = c(""10.1080/03079450500096497"", ""10.1128/CVI.00647-13"", ""10.1637/8947-052909-Reg.1"", ""10.1637/8907-043009-ResNote.1"", 
NA, NA, NA, ""10.1637/7064"", NA, NA, ""10.1159/000151608"", ""10.1080/00480169.2010.69756"", NA, ""10.1186/1746-6148-6-57"", NA, ""10.1017/S1466252310000095"", ""10.1073/pnas.63.2.326"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00117-3"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.005"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.01.011"", ""10.20506/rst.28.1.1856"", NA, ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00391.x"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.10.051"", ""10.2139/ssrn.3354970"", ""10.1637/8949-053109-Reg.1"", NA, ""10.1637/10206-041512-Reg.1"", ""10.1128/JVI.54.1.151-160.1985"", NA, 
""10.1007/1-4020-3441-5_6"", NA, ""10.1002/9780813818634.ch13"", ""10.1084/jem.75.1.49"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2009.00126.x"", NA, ""10.1201/9780429258480"", NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals, 2017"", NA, NA, ""World Health Organization for Animal Health, Terrestrial Animal Health Code, 2017"", NA, ""Diseases of Poultry"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Fact Sheet, Updated November 2016"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Livestock Disease Surveys. A Field Manual for Veterinarians"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bayesian Data Analysis"", NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2015"", ""2010"", ""2008"", NA, ""2006"", ""2017"", NA, NA, ""2017"", NA, ""2008"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2016"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1982"", NA, ""1985"", ""2006"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2003"", NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""22"", ""53"", NA, ""L237/1"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""153"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""151"", 
""20/16"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Commission Decision of 25 June 2010 on the implementation by Member States of surveillance programmes for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds"", ""Hemagglutination-inhibition test for avian influenza virus subtype identification and the detection and quantification of serum antibodies to the avian influenza virus"", NA, ""Commission decision of 4 August 2006 approving a Diagnostic Manual for avian influenza"", NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Characterisation of virulent and avirulent A/chicken/Pennsylvania/83 influenza A viruses: potential role of defective interfering RNAs in nature"", ""Council Directive 2005/94/EC of 20 December 2005 on community measures for the control of avian influenza and repealing Directive 92/40/EEC"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""L166"", ""436"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""54"", ""L10"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Official Journal of the European Union"", ""Methods in Molecular Biology"", NA, ""Official Journal of the European Union"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Journal of Virology"", ""Official Journal of the European Union"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Pedersen"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Swayne"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Cannon"", NA, ""Bean"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Gelman"", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Vapnek J (2010) Regulatory measures against outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza. FAO Legal Papers Online #82. Available at http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/legal/docs/lpo82.pdf (Accessed 13 October 2017)."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Breed AC , (2015) Annual Report on surveillance for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds in Member States of the European Union in 2014. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/food/animals/animal-diseases/control-measures/avian-influenza_en (Accessed 13 October 2017)."", 
NA, NA, NA, ""EC (European Commission) (2015) In EU Reference Laboratories for avian influenza and Newcastle disease: Work programmes 2016–2017, 2015. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/safety/docs/oc_eurl_wp_2016_avian_influenza_newcastle_disease_en.pdf (Accessed 13 October 2017)."", NA, ""Breed AC , (2016) Annual Report on surveillance for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds in Member States of the European Union in 2015. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/food/animals/animal-diseases/control-measures/avian-influenza_en (Accessed 13 October 2017).""
))","S0950268817002898","2018-01-12","en","NULL","list(date = ""2018-01-12"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1017/policypage","list(value = ""Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited."", name = ""license"", label = ""License"", group.name = ""copyright_and_licensing"", group.label = ""Copyright and Licensing"")",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Arnold","2018","Arnold et al., 2018"
"Veterinary Microbiology","2007-11-09","2024-02-18","2008-05","10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029","2025-04-09","0378-1135","1-2","2008-05","78","15-27","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","42","42","70","Evaluation of antibody-ELISA and real-time RT-PCR for the diagnosis and profiling of bluetongue virus serotype 8 during the epidemic in Belgium in 2006","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029","129",NA,"Veterinary Microbiology","list(given = c(""Frank"", ""Tine"", ""Bart"", ""Wesley"", ""Lien"", ""Philippe"", ""Guido"", ""Nicolas"", ""Dirk"", ""Koen"", ""Nesya"", ""Kris""), family = c(""Vandenbussche"", ""Vanbinst"", ""Verheyden"", ""Van Dessel"", ""Demeestere"", ""Houdart"", ""Bertels"", ""Praet"", ""Berkvens"", ""Mintiens"", ""Goris"", ""De Clercq""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113507005287?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113507005287?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib1"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib2"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib3"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib4"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib5"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib6"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib7"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib8"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib9"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib10"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib11"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib12"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib13"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.029_bib14"", 
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""155"", ""139"", ""277"", ""89"", ""197"", ""462"", ""1346"", ""1"", ""307"", ""426"", ""211"", NA, NA, ""171"", ""145"", ""327"", ""56"", ""327"", ""115"", ""614"", ""175"", ""1201"", ""31"", ""337"", NA, ""561""), DOI = c(""10.1007/s00705-002-0965-5"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.07.012"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00128-8"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.11.018"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.02.010"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/S0166-0934(97)00164-X"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/0147-9571(94)90044-2"", ""10.20506/rst.24.3.1630"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.12.049"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.07.023"", 
NA, ""10.1177/104063879400600201"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00255-7"", NA, ""10.1016/0147-9571(94)90043-4"", NA, ""10.2460/javma.228.9.1346"", ""10.1007/BF01538812"", ""10.1146/annurev.ento.45.1.307"", NA, ""10.2460/ajvr.1994.55.02.211"", NA, NA, ""10.1038/nrmicro1090"", NA, ""10.1136/vr.159.10.327"", NA, ""10.1136/vr.159.10.327-a"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.11.007"", ""10.3201/eid1304.061136"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01044-8"", NA, ""10.1093/clinchem/39.4.561""), article.title = c(""Rapid serological profiling by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and its use as an epidemiological indicator of foot-and-mouth disease viral activity"", 
""Performance evaluation of a competitive ELISA test used for bluetongue antibody detection in France, a recently infected area"", ""Prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1 in the Belgian cattle population"", ""Bluetongue virus in the french island of reunion"", ""No evidence of bluetongue virus in Switzerland"", ""Bluetongue in Italy: Part I"", ""Interpretation of a commercial bovine paratuberculosis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by using likelihood ratios"", NA, NA, ""Reduction of singleton reactors against swine vesicular disease virus by a combination of virus neutralisation test, monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA and isotype specific ELISA"", 
NA, ""A South African overview of the virus, vectors, surveillance and unique features of bluetongue"", ""The epidemiology of bluetongue"", ""Quality assurance/quality control of foot and mouth disease solid phase competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-Part II. Quality control: comparison of two charting methods to monitor assay performance"", ""European Pharmacopoeia foot-and-mouth disease vaccine potency testing in cattle: between test variability and its consequences"", ""Foot-and-mouth disease non-structural protein serology in cattle: use of a Bayesian framework to estimate diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of six ELISA tests and true prevalence in the field"", 
""Epidemiology of bluetongue virus infection in Malaysia"", ""Diagnostic analysis of the prolonged bluetongue virus RNA presence found in the blood of naturally infected cattle and experimentally infected sheep"", ""Duration of bluetongue viraemia and serological responses in experimentally infected European breeds of sheep and goats"", ""Bluetongue virus in south America: overview of viruses, vectors, surveillance and unique features"", ""The pathogenesis and immunology of bluetongue virus infection of ruminants"", 
""Bluetongue: pathogenesis and duration of viraemia"", ""Impact of bluetongue virus infection on the international movement and trade of ruminants"", ""Detection of bluetongue virus in the blood of inoculated calves: comparison of virus isolation, PCR assay, and in vitro feeding of Culicoides variipennis"", ""Culicoides biting midges: their role as arbovirus vectors"", ""Bluetongue virus replication, molecular and structural biology"", ""Bluetongue virus isolations from vectors and ruminants in central America and the caribbean. Interamerican bluetongue team"", 
NA, NA, ""Climate change and the recent emergence of bluetongue in Europe"", ""Culicoides and the global epidemiology of bluetongue virus infection"", ""Bluetongue in Northern Europe"", ""Influence des changements climatiques globaux sur la progression des arboviroses"", ""Bluetongue in Northern Europe"", ""Bluetongue virus detection by two real-time RT-qPCRs targeting two different genomic segments"", ""Bluetongue in Belgium, 2006"", ""Present position of AHS and BT in India"", ""Bluetongue"", ""The history of bluetongue and a current global overview"", 
""PCR-based diagnostics for infectious diseases: uses, limitations, and future applications in acute-care settings"", ""Bluetongue: characterization of virus types by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction"", ""Receiver-operating characteristic (roc) plots: a fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine""), volume = c(""148"", ""118"", ""45"", ""106"", ""116"", ""40"", ""9"", NA, NA, ""70"", NA, ""40"", ""17"", ""24"", ""25"", ""25"", NA, ""6"", ""64"", ""40"", ""17"", ""40"", ""228"", ""136"", ""45"", ""40"", ""55"", NA, NA, ""3"", ""40"", 
""159"", ""150"", ""159"", ""140"", ""13"", NA, NA, ""40"", ""4"", ""126"", ""39""), author = c(""Bergmann"", ""Biteau-Coroller"", ""Boelaert"", ""Bréard"", ""Cagienard"", ""Calistri"", ""Collins"", NA, NA, ""De Clercq"", NA, ""Gerdes"", ""Gibbs"", ""Goris"", ""Goris"", ""Goris"", ""Hassan"", ""Katz"", ""Koumbati"", ""Lager"", ""MacLachlan"", ""MacLachlan"", ""MacLachlan"", ""MacLachlan"", ""Mellor"", ""Mertens"", ""Mo"", NA, NA, ""Purse"", ""Tabachnick"", ""Thiry"", ""Toussaint"", ""Toussaint"", ""Toussaint"", ""Toussaint"", ""Uppal"", ""Verwoerd"", ""Walton"", ""Yang"", ""Zientara"", 
""Zweig""), year = c(""2003"", ""2006"", ""2000"", ""2005"", ""2006"", ""2004"", ""2002"", NA, NA, ""1998"", NA, ""2004"", ""1994"", ""2005"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""1992"", ""1994"", ""1999"", ""2004"", ""1994"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""1994"", ""2000"", ""2004"", ""1994"", NA, NA, ""2005"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""1992"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""1993""), journal.title = c(""Arch. Virol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Ital."", ""Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."", NA, NA, ""J. Virol. Methods"", 
NA, ""Vet. Ital."", ""Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", ""Rev. Sci. Tech."", ""Vaccine"", ""Vaccine"", NA, ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Ital."", ""Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", ""Vet. Ital."", ""J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."", ""Arch. Virol."", ""Ann. Rev. Entomol."", ""Vet. Ital."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", NA, NA, ""Nat. Rev. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Ital."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Ann. Med. Vet."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", NA, NA, ""Vet. Ital."", ""Lancet Infect. Dis."", ""Dev. Biol. (Basel)"", 
""Clin. Chem.""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Communication Directorate General, 2006. Bluetongue confirmed in France. EU Midday-express. (cited August 31 2006), available from http://europa.eu.int/rapid/, reference: MEX/06/0831."", ""De Clercq, K., 1995. Diagnostic aspects of trade. Report of the session of the FAO research group of the standing technical committee of the european commission for the control of foot-and-mouth disease, September 20–22, Vladimir, Russian Federation, p. 42–44."", 
NA, ""European Commission Reference Laboratory (CRL) for Bluetongue, 2006. Bluetongue virus in The Netherlands identified as serotype 8 by Institute for Animal Health. ProMed. August 28, 2006, accessed at http://www.promedmail.org, archive no. 20060828.2448."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""OIE, 2004. World Organisation for Animal Health—Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals, 5th ed., OIE, Paris, 1178 pp."", ""OIE Animal Health Department, 2006. Bluetongue– The Netherlands, Belgium, Germany-OIE. ProMed. August 21, 2006, accessed at http://www.promedmail.org, archive no. 20060821.2353."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bluetongue, African horse sickness & Related Orbiviruses"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bluetongue, African horse sickness & Related Orbiviruses"", ""Infectious Diseases of Livestock"", NA, NA, NA, NA), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""187–196"", NA))","S0378113507005287",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2008-05-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Vandenbussche","2008","Vandenbussche et al., 2008"
"Veterinary Microbiology","2008-04-15","2018-12-29","2008-07","10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.01.004","2024-09-16","0378-1135","1-2","2008-07","78","80-87","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","7","7","28","Validation of a commercial ELISA for the detection of bluetongue virus (BTV)-specific antibodies in individual milk samples of Dutch dairy cows","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.01.004","130",NA,"Veterinary Microbiology","list(given = c(""Johannes A."", ""Kees"", ""Maria H."", ""Johan K."", ""Piet A.""), family = c(""Kramps"", ""van Maanen"", ""Mars"", ""Popma"", ""van Rijn""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113508000229?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113508000229?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.01.004_bib1"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.01.004_bib2"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.01.004_bib3"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.01.004_bib4"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.01.004_bib5"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.01.004_bib6"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.01.004_bib7""), series.title = c(""Virus Infections of Ruminants"", NA, NA, ""Evaluating Medical Tests, Objective and Quantitative Guidelines"", NA, ""Infectious Disease of Livestock with Special Reference to Southern Africa"", NA), first.page = c(""227"", 
""207"", ""1"", NA, ""219"", ""443"", ""649""), article.title = c(""Bluetongue virus"", ""The epidemiology of bluetongue"", ""The bluetongue viruses"", NA, ""First occurrence of Culicoides obsoletus-transmitted bluetongue virus epidemic in Central Europe"", ""Bluetongue"", ""Bluetongue in The Netherlands; description of the first clinical cases and differential diagnosis. Common symptoms just a little different and in too many herds""), author = c(""Erasmus"", ""Gibbs"", ""Gorman"", ""Kraemer"", ""Mehlhorn"", ""Verwoerd"", ""Wuijckhuise van""
), year = c(""1990"", ""1994"", ""1990"", ""1992"", ""2007"", ""1994"", ""2006""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, NA), DOI = c(NA, ""10.1016/0147-9571(94)90044-2"", NA, NA, ""10.1007/s00436-007-0519-6"", NA, NA), volume = c(NA, ""17"", ""162"", NA, ""101"", NA, ""131""), journal.title = c(NA, ""Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", ""Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."", NA, ""Parasitol. Res."", NA, ""Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd.""))","S0378113508000229",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2008-07-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Kramps","2008","Kramps et al., 2008"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2019-05-29","2019-06-07","2019","10.1017/s0950268819000888","2025-06-09","0950-2688,1469-4409",NA,"2019","56",NA,"10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","21","21","9","Test characteristics of the tuberculin skin test and post-mortem examination for bovine tuberculosis diagnosis in cattle in Northern Ireland estimated by Bayesian latent class analysis with adjustments for covariates","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268819000888","147","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) test and post-mortem examination are the main diagnostic tools for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle in the British Isles. Latent class modelling is often used to estimate the bTB test characteristics due to the absence of a gold standard. However, the reported sensitivity of especially the SICCT test has shown a lot of variation. We applied both the Hui–Walter latent class model under the Bayesian framework and the Bayesian model specified at the animal level, including various risk factors as predictors, to estimate the SICCT test and post-mortem test characteristics. Data were collected from all cattle slaughtered in abattoirs in Northern Ireland in 2015. Both models showed comparable posterior median estimation for the sensitivity of the SICCT test (88.61% and 90.56%, respectively) using standard interpretation and for post-mortem examination (53.65% and 53.79%, respectively). Both models showed almost identical posterior median estimates for the specificity (99.99% <jats:italic>vs.</jats:italic> 99.80% for SICCT test at standard interpretation and 99.66% <jats:italic>vs.</jats:italic> 99.86% for post-mortem examination). The animal-level model showed slightly narrower posterior 95% credible intervals. Notably, this study was carried out in slaughtered cattle which may not be representative for the general cattle population.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6156-6540"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""M. J. H."", ""H."", ""F. D."", ""A. V."", ""A."", ""J. A.""), family = c(""O'Hagan"", ""Ni"", ""Menzies"", ""Pascual-Linaza"", ""Georgaki"", ""Stegeman""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268819000888"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(unstructured = c(""OIE Terrestrial Manual 2009. Chapter 2·4·7. On line available on: (http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2008/pdf/2.04.07_BOVINE_TB.pdf) (Accessed 10 September 2018)."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Skuce RA , Allen AR and McDowell SWJ . Bovine Tuberculosis (TB): a review of cattle-to-cattle transmission, risk factors and susceptibility, 2011. On line available at https://www.daera-ni.gov.uk/sites/default/files/publications/dard/afbi-literature-review-tb-review-cattle-to-cattle-transmission.pdf (Accessed 14 August 2018)."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), key = c(""S0950268819000888_ref15"", ""S0950268819000888_ref12"", ""S0950268819000888_ref11"", ""S0950268819000888_ref8"", ""S0950268819000888_ref5"", ""S0950268819000888_ref2"", ""S0950268819000888_ref9"", ""S0950268819000888_ref17"", ""S0950268819000888_ref10"", ""S0950268819000888_ref6"", ""S0950268819000888_ref19"", ""S0950268819000888_ref4"", ""S0950268819000888_ref7"", ""S0950268819000888_ref16"", ""S0950268819000888_ref3"", ""S0950268819000888_ref1"", ""S0950268819000888_ref21"", ""S0950268819000888_ref14"", 
""S0950268819000888_ref13"", ""S0950268819000888_ref20"", ""S0950268819000888_ref18""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(NA, ""10.1038/srep11861"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0043217"", ""10.2307/2530508"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.04.005"", ""10.1128/JCM.41.5.1856-1860.2003"", 
""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.11.007"", ""10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19970515)16:9<981::AID-SIM510>3.0.CO;2-N"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.02.027"", ""10.1098/rspb.2013.1634"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.023"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.02.017"", ""10.1093/aje/kwt286"", ""10.1136/vr.102961"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2005.11.005"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.11.004"", NA, ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.04.019"", ""10.1186/s12917-017-1321-z"", ""10.1136/vr.100969""), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, ""652"", NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""A computerised database system for bovine traceability"", NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""20"", NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Houston"", NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2001"", NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Revenue Scientifique et Technique, International Office of Epizootics"", NA, NA, NA))","S0950268819000888","2019-05-29","en","NULL","list(date = ""2019-05-29"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 148, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"O'Hagan","2019","O'Hagan et al., 2019"
"PLoS ONE","2014-03-13","2020-08-16",NA,"10.1371/journal.pone.0090334","2025-05-19","1932-6203","3","2014-03-13","340","e90334","10.1371","Public Library of Science (PLoS)","1","Crossref","26","26","65","Estimation of Sensitivity and Specificity of Bacteriology, Histopathology and PCR for the Confirmatory Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis Using Latent Class Analysis","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090334","9",NA,"PLoS ONE","list(given = c(""Aurélie"", ""Jean-Louis"", ""Laure"", ""Sandy"", ""Sylvie"", ""Hélène"", ""Maria-Laura""), family = c(""Courcoul"", ""Moyen"", ""Brugère"", ""Faye"", ""Hénault"", ""Gares"", ""Boschiroli""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090334"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref1"", ""ref2"", ""ref3"", ""ref4"", ""ref5"", ""ref6"", ""ref7"", ""ref8"", ""ref9"", ""ref10"", ""ref11"", ""ref12"", ""ref13"", ""ref14"", ""ref15"", ""ref16"", ""ref17"", ""ref18"", ""ref19"", ""ref20"", ""ref21"", ""ref22"", ""ref23"", ""ref24"", ""ref25"", ""ref26""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""), first.page = c(""153"", ""68"", ""190"", ""e43217"", ""164"", ""145"", ""167"", ""258"", ""77"", ""2668"", NA, ""123"", ""285"", ""61"", ""107"", ""855"", ""3049"", ""18"", ""19"", ""116"", ""315"", ""12"", ""50"", ""65"", ""465"", ""162""), DOI = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.02.039"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.02.027"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2005.11.005"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0043217"", ""10.1177/104063870802000204"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.005"", ""10.2307/2530508"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.10.007"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.10.025"", 
""10.1128/JCM.28.12.2668-2673.1990"", NA, NA, ""10.1099/jmm.0.016949-0"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00117-3"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00119-7"", ""10.1111/j.1541-0420.2009.01330.x"", ""10.1002/sim.3680"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.04.002"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.01.006"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.06.006"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.09.001"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-3-12"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-7-50"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.04.018"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01199.x"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.10.016""), article.title = c(""Bovine tuberculosis in Europe from the perspective of an officially tuberculosis free country: trade, surveillance and diagnostics"", 
""Using latent class analysis to estimate the test characteristics of the gamma-interferon test, the single intradermal comparative tuberculin test and a multiplex immunoassay under Irish conditions"", ""Ante mortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle: a review of the tuberculin tests, gamma-interferon assay and other ancillary diagnostic techniques"", ""Estimation of the relative sensitivity of the comparative tuberculin skin test in tuberculous cattle herds subjected to depopulation"", ""Comparison of histologic techniques for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in the framework of eradication programs"", 
""Estimation of diagnostic-test sensitivity and specificity through Bayesian modeling"", ""Estimating the error rates of diagnostic tests"", ""Bayesian estimation of sensitivity and specificity of <italic>Coxiella burnetii</italic> antibody ELISA tests in bovine blood and milk"", ""Evaluation of three serological tests for diagnosis of Maedi-Visna virus infection using latent class analysis"", ""Characterization of a <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> insertion sequence, IS6110, and its application in diagnosis"", 
NA, ""A PCR-based method for tuberculosis detection in wildlife"", ""Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex CRISPR genotyping: improving efficiency, throughput and discriminative power of ‘spoligotyping’ with new spacers and a microbead-based hybridization assay"", ""Estimation of sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests and disease prevalence when the true disease state is unknown"", ""Conditional dependence between tests affects the diagnosis and surveillance of animal diseases"", ""Identifiability of models for multiple diagnostic testing in the absence of a gold standard"", 
""The BUGS project: Evolution, critique, and future directions"", ""Consensus-based reporting standards for diagnostic test accuracy studies for paratuberculosis in ruminants"", ""Diagnosing diagnostic tests: evaluating the assumptions underlying the estimation of sensitivity and specificity in the absence of a gold standard"", ""On the interpretation of test sensitivity in the two-test two-population problem: assumptions matter"", ""Development of a molecular diagnostic test applied to experimental abattoir surveillance on bovine tuberculosis"", 
""Rapid detection of <italic>Mycobacterium bovis</italic> DNA in cattle lymph nodes with visible lesions using PCR"", ""Improved specificity for detection of <italic>Mycobacterium bovis</italic> in fresh tissues using IS6110 real-time PCR"", ""Post-mortem examination and laboratory-based analysis for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis among dairy cattle in Ecuador"", ""Direct detection of <italic>Mycobacterium bovis</italic> in bovine lymph nodes by PCR"", ""Primary isolation of <italic>Mycobacterium bovis</italic> from bovine tissues: conditions for maximising the number of positive cultures""
), volume = c(""151"", ""151"", ""81"", ""7"", ""20"", ""68"", ""36"", ""109"", ""120"", ""28"", NA, ""126"", ""59"", ""45"", ""45"", ""66"", ""28"", ""101"", ""68"", ""91"", ""127"", ""3"", ""7"", ""101"", ""56"", ""156""), author = c(""I Schiller"", ""TA Clegg"", ""R de la Rua-Domenech"", ""K Karolemeas"", ""K Varello"", ""AJ Branscum"", ""SL Hui"", ""S Paul"", ""N Toft"", ""D Thierry"", NA, ""S Henault"", ""J Zhang"", ""C Enoe"", ""IA Gardner"", ""G Jones"", ""D Lunn"", ""IA Gardner"", ""N Toft"", ""WO Johnson"", ""A Parra"", ""GM Taylor"", ""TC Thacker"", ""F Proaño-Perez"", ""MA Cardoso"", 
""LA Corner""), year = c(""2011"", ""2011"", ""2006"", ""2012"", ""2008"", ""2005"", ""1980"", ""2013"", ""2007"", ""1990"", NA, ""2006"", ""2010"", ""2000"", ""2000"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2005"", ""2009"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2009"", ""2012""), journal.title = c(""Vet Microbiol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Res Vet Sci"", ""PLoS One"", ""J Vet Diagn Invest"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Biometrics"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", NA, ""Dev Biol (Basel)"", ""J Med Microbiol"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Biometrics"", 
""Statistics in Medicine"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""BMC Vet Res"", ""BMC Vet Res"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", ""Vet Microbiol""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""OIE (2012) Bovine tuberculosis Chap 2.4.7. In: OIE, editor. Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals (mammals, birds and bees). 7 ed. Paris. 674–689."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2014-03-13","en","NULL","list(date = ""2014-03-13"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Courcoul","2014","Courcoul et al., 2014"
"Microbiology Spectrum","2023-09-14","2023-10-17","2023-10-17","10.1128/spectrum.00348-23","2025-05-14","2165-0497","5","2023-10-17","235",NA,"10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","48","48","3","Optimization of real-time PCR protocols from lymph node bovine tissue for direct detection of
            <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>
            complex","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00348-23","11","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
          <jats:p>
            Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonotic disease and a global health problem that is subjected to obligatory eradication programs in the European Union. Microbiological culture is an imperfect technique for bTB diagnosis. This study aims to compare and validate two DNA isolation protocols and three different specific DNA targets, IS6110, IS4, and mpb70, to confirm
            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</jats:italic>
            complex (MTC) infection by real-time PCR directly from fresh tissue samples. Fresh lymph node samples were collected from 81 cattle carcasses at the slaughterhouse. A comparison of both extraction protocols was performed with IS
            <jats:italic>6110</jats:italic>
            -real-time PCR, showing an adjusted sensitivity (SE) of 78.34% and 95.9% for protocols 1 and 2, respectively, while the specificity (SP) was 100% in both cases. Afterward, the comparison between IS4 and mpb70 targets was performed from the samples extracted with protocol 2, obtaining an adjusted SE of 90.87% and 83.3%, respectively, and an SP of 100% in both cases. The positive likelihood ratio was ∞ for the three targets, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.04, 0.091, and 0.16 for IS6110, IS4, and mpb70, respectively. Negative predictive values were ≥90%, ≥85%, and ≥80% for real-time PCR targeting IS
            <jats:italic>6110</jats:italic>
            , IS4, and mpb70, respectively, when the true prevalence is ≤60%, and the positive predictive value is 100% in any scenario of true prevalence. According to these results, the DNA extraction protocol 2 and real-time PCR targeting IS
            <jats:italic>6110</jats:italic>
            or IS4 could be potential first-choice molecular assays to detect MTC directly in fresh bovine tissue samples.
          </jats:p>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Importance</jats:title>
            <jats:p>
              Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), a chronic infectious and zoonotic disease caused by
              <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</jats:italic>
              complex (MTC), is considered a neglected disease of global importance, causing a detrimental impact on public health, particularly in developing countries where tuberculosis remains a major health problem. However, debate around the efficacy of control measures is still an ongoing matter of concern, with poor diagnostic performance being considered one of the most relevant factors involved in the failure to eradicate the disease since many truly infected animals will be misclassified as bTB-free. This study highlights a DNA extraction protocol and real-time PCR targeting IS6110 or IS4 as potential first-choice molecular assays to detect MTC directly in fresh bovine tissue samples, providing rapid, highly sensitive, and specific diagnostic tools as an alternative to microbiology, which could take up to 3 months to complete, shortening the turnaround time for decision makers to be promptly informed.
            </jats:p>
          </jats:sec>","Microbiol Spectr","list(given = c(""Eduardo"", ""Jaime"", ""Ángela"", ""Inés"", ""Librado"", ""Inmaculada"", ""Belén"", ""José María""), family = c(""Vera-Salmoral"", ""Gómez-Laguna"", ""Galán-Relaño"", ""Ruedas-Torres"", ""Carrasco"", ""Luque"", ""Huerta"", ""Sánchez-Carvajal""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, University of Córdoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus ‘CeiA3’ , Córdoba, Spain"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, University of Córdoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus ‘CeiA3’ , Córdoba, Spain""), affiliation2.name = c(""Department of Animal Health, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus ‘CeiA3’, University of Córdoba , Córdoba, Spain"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Institute of Virology and Immunology IVI, Sensemattstrasse , Mittelhäusern, Switzerland""
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""Cattle-to-cattle transmission of Mycobacterium bovis"", ""Hidden bovine TB – have unconfirmed incidents been exposed to TB? (Abstract)"", ""Association between molecular type and the epidemiological features of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle"", ""The effect of the tuberculin test and the consequences of a delay in blood culture on the sensitivity of a gamma-interferon assay for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle"", ""The impact of badger removal on the control of tuberculosis in cattle herds in Ireland"", 
""The gamma-interferon test: its usefulness in a bovine tuberculosis survey in African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) in the Kruger National Park"", ""ELISA tests for antibodies in experimental bovine tuberculosis"", ""Exposure to Mycobacterium avium induces low-level protection from Mycobacterium bovis infection but compromises diagnosis of disease in cattle"", ""Suppression of tuberculin skin reactivity in cattle: a case report"", ""Molecular analyses of mycobacteria other than the M. tuberculosis complex isolated from Northern Ireland cattle"", 
""The isolation of Mycobacterium avium complex from soil, water and dusts"", NA, ""Genomic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains used for production of purified protein derivative"", ""Nonspecific or cross-sensitivity reactions to tuberculin in cattle"", ""Cell-mediated immune response to tuberculosis antigens: comparison of skin testing and measurement of in vitro gamma interferon production in whole-blood culture"", ""100th anniversary of Robert Koch’s Nobel Prize for the discovery of the tubercle bacillus"", 
""Mycobacteria in pond waters as a source of non-specific reactions to bovine tuberculin in New Zealand"", ""Studies on tuberculin sensitivity in the bovine"", ""Pathology and tuberculin sensitivity in cattle inoculated with Mycobacterium avium complex serotypes 6, 14 and 18"", ""The tuberculin test in cattle"", ""Immune reactions in cattle after immunization with a Mycobacterium paratuberculosis vaccine and implications for the diagnosis of M. paratuberculosis and M. bovis infections"", NA, ""Evaluation of the specificity of the γ-interferon test in Italian bovine tuberculosis-free herds"", 
""Anergy to tuberculin in beef cattle"", ""Tuberculosis in attested herds caused by the human type tubercle bacillus"", ""Comparison of the specificity of human and bovine tuberculin PPD for testing cattle"", ""Mycobacterial antigen-specific antibody responses in bovine tuberculosis: an ELISA with potential to confirm disease status"", ""Comparison between a gamma-IFN assay and intradermal tuberculin test for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in field trials in Brazil"", ""A marked difference in pathogenesis and immune response induced by different Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes"", 
""Association of tuberculin-boosted antibody responses with pathology and cell-mediated immunity in cattle vaccinated with Mycobacterium bovis BCG and infected with M. bovis"", ""Investigations into an outbreak of tuberculosis in a flock of sheep in contact with tuberculous cattle"", NA, ""Evaluating the health status of herds based on tests applied to individuals"", ""The tuberculin test"", ""A pilot trial to evaluate the γ-interferon assay for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis infected cattle under Irish conditions"", 
""The epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis infections"", ""Pathogenesis and diagnosis of infections with Mycobacterium bovis in cattle"", ""Detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in skin test-negative cattle with an assay for bovine interferon-gamma"", ""The diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis by blood testing"", ""Pathogenesis of tuberculosis in cattle"", ""The sensitivity of gross necropsy, caudal fold and comparative cervical tests for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis"", ""Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from human to cattle"", 
""Bovine NK cells can produce gamma-interferon in response to the secreted mycobacterial proteins ESAT-6 and MPP14 but not in response to MPB70"", ""Field trials to determine a suitable injection dose of bovine PPD tuberculin for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in naturally infected cattle"", ""A comparison of the accuracy of human and bovine tuberculin PPD for testing cattle with a comparative cervical test"", ""Tuberculin sensitivity of cattle inoculated with atypical mycobacteria isolated from cattle, feral pigs and trough water"", 
""An ELISA for detection of anergic tuberculous cattle"", ""The potential of the ESAT-6 antigen secreted by virulent mycobacteria for specific diagnosis of tuberculosis"", ""Mycobacterium bovis infection and tuberculosis in cattle"", ""Assessment of defined antigens for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in skin test-reactor cattle"", ""Towards more accurate diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis using defined antigens"", ""Specific delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to ESAT-6 identify tuberculosis-infected cattle"", 
""Immune responses in bovine tuberculosis: Towards new strategies for the diagnosis and control of disease"", ""A century of bovine tuberculosis 1888–1988: conquest and controversy"", ""Validity of intradermal tuberculin testing for the screening of tuberculosis in Madagascar"", ""Suppression of skin reactivity to bovine tuberculin in repeat tests"", ""Reciprocal cellular and humoral immune responses in bovine tuberculosis"", ""A sandwich enzyme immunoassay for bovine interferon – and its use for the detection of tuberculosis in cattle"", 
""The gamma-interferon assay for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle: conditions affecting the production of gamma-interferon in whole blood culture"", ""An evaluation of the gamma-interferon test for detecting bovine tuberculosis in cattle 8 to 28 days after tuberculin skin testing"", ""The population structure of Mycobacterium bovis in Great Britain: clonal expansion"", ""The tuberculin skin test"", ""Standardization of polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex organisms from bovines"", 
NA, ""Human tuberculosis in animals"", ""A fluorescence polarization assay for the detection of antibodies to Mycobacterium bovis in sera"", ""The effect of repeated tuberculin skin testing of cattle on immune responses and disease following experimental infection with Mycobacterium bovis"", NA, ""The immune spectrum of Mycobacterium bovis infections in some mammalian species: a review"", ""Bovine tuberculosis control and eradication programs in Australia and New Zealand"", ""Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in cattle by PCR using milk, lymph node aspirates, and nasal swabs"", 
""Development of diagnostic reagents to differentiate between Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination and M. bovis infection in cattle"", NA, ""Use of synthetic peptides derived from the antigens ESAT-6 and CFP-10 for differential diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle"", ""The interferon-gamma field trial: background, principles and progress"", ""Use of recombinant ESAT6:CFP-10 fusion protein for differentiation of infections of cattle by Mycobacterium bovis and by M. avium subsp. avium and M. avium subsp paratuberculosis"", 
""Influence of pathological progression on the balance between cellular and humoral responses in bovine tuberculosis"", ""Influence of skin testing and overnight sample storage on blood-based diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis"", ""Comparison of sensitivity of the caudal fold skin test and commercial gamma-interferon assay for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis"", ""Comparison of purified protein derivatives and effect of skin testing on results of a commercial gamma-interferon assay for diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle"", 
""In vitro immunodiagnostic assays for bovine tuberculosis"", ""Bovigam: an in vitro cellular diagnostic test for bovine tuberculosis"", ""Field comparison of the interferon-gamma assay and intradermal tuberculin test for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis"", ""A field evaluation of serological and cellular diagnostic tests for bovine tuberculosis"", ""An evaluation of an anamnestic ELISA for the detection of tuberculous cattle""), volume = c(""20"", ""49"", ""85"", ""32"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""4"", 
""85"", ""80"", ""108"", ""45"", ""40"", ""11"", ""149"", ""45"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""70"", ""50"", ""40"", ""141"", ""20"", NA, ""101"", ""73"", ""81"", ""20"", ""56"", ""58"", ""49"", ""12"", ""82"", ""223"", ""3"", ""13"", ""43"", ""30"", ""18"", NA, NA, ""103"", ""100"", ""53"", ""70"", ""81"", ""70"", NA, ""102"", ""67"", ""69"", ""31"", ""141"", ""17"", ""108"", ""32"", NA, ""41"", ""7"", ""8"", ""13"", ""36"", ""58"", ""57"", ""31"", ""48"", NA, ""160"", ""53"", ""72"", ""96"", ""142"", ""46"", ""133"", ""72"", ""50"", NA, ""14"", ""40"", ""50"", ""40"", ""146"", ""135"", NA, ""81"", ""16"", ""43"", ""73"", ""58"", ""29"", ""53"", ""66"", 
""175"", ""163"", ""146"", ""81"", ""41"", ""108"", ""9"", ""68"", ""62"", ""50"", ""67"", ""69"", ""69"", ""100"", ""125"", ""74"", NA, ""vol. 2"", ""87"", ""102"", NA, ""53"", ""40"", ""36"", ""6"", NA, ""8"", ""155"", ""11"", ""114"", ""155"", ""56"", ""13"", ""40"", ""81"", ""68"", ""31"", ""51""), author = c(""Adams"", ""Amadori"", ""Amadori"", ""Ameni"", ""Anon"", ""Anon"", ""Anon"", ""Anon"", NA, ""Anon"", ""Anon"", ""Anon"", ""Anon"", ""Archetti"", ""Britton"", ""Buddle"", ""Buddle"", ""Byrne"", ""Caffrey"", ""Cagiola"", ""Charleston"", ""Christensen"", NA, ""Clifton-Hadley"", ""Clifton-Hadley"", NA, ""Cockle"", 
""Cooney"", ""Corner"", ""Costello"", ""Cousins"", ""Cousins"", ""Dalley"", ""Dean"", ""Delahay"", ""de Lisle"", ""Doherty"", ""Doherty"", ""Doherty"", ""Domingo"", ""Donoghue"", ""Dunn"", ""Drobniewski"", ""Ewer"", ""Fend"", ""Fifis"", ""Fodstad"", ""Francis"", ""Francis"", ""Francis"", ""Garnier"", ""Goff"", ""González Llamazares"", ""Goodchild"", ""Goodchild"", ""Goodchild"", ""Gormley"", ""Griffin"", ""Grobler"", ""Hanna"", ""Hope"", ""Hoyle"", ""Hughes"", ""Ichiyama"", ""Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB"", ""Inwald"", ""Karlson"", ""Katial"", ""Kaufmann"", ""Kazda"", 
""Kerr"", ""Ketterer"", ""Kleeberg"", ""Köhler"", ""Krebs"", ""Lauzi"", ""Lepper"", ""Lesslie"", ""Lesslie"", ""Lightbody"", ""Lilenbaum"", ""López"", ""Lyashchenko"", ""Malone"", ""Martin"", ""Martin"", ""Monaghan"", ""Monaghan"", ""Morris"", ""Morrison"", ""Neill"", ""Neill"", ""Neill"", ""Norby"", ""Ocepek"", ""Olsen"", ""O’Reilly"", ""O’Reilly"", ""Pearson"", ""Plackett"", ""Pollock"", ""Pollock"", ""Pollock"", ""Pollock"", ""Pollock"", ""Pollock"", ""Pritchard"", ""Quirin"", ""Radunz"", ""Ritacco"", ""Rothel"", ""Rothel"", ""Ryan"", ""Smith"", ""Snider"", ""Sreedevi"", NA, ""Steele"", 
""Surujballi"", ""Thom"", NA, ""Thorns"", ""Tweedle"", ""Vitale"", ""Vordermeier"", NA, ""Vordermeier"", ""Vordermeier"", ""Waters"", ""Welsh"", ""Whelan"", ""Whipple"", ""Whipple"", ""Wood"", ""Wood"", ""Wood"", ""Wood"", ""Yearsley""), year = c(""2001"", ""2002"", ""2002"", ""2000"", ""1965"", ""1980"", ""2002"", ""2004"", NA, ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""1996"", ""2005"", ""2001"", ""2005"", ""1992"", ""1994"", ""2004"", ""2001"", ""2000"", NA, ""2005"", ""1995"", NA, ""2002"", ""1997"", ""1994"", ""1997"", ""2001"", ""1998"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2001"", ""2001"", ""1995"", ""1995"", 
""1996"", ""1995"", ""1997"", ""2005"", ""2003"", ""2006"", ""2005"", ""1992"", ""1977"", ""1947"", ""1958"", ""1978"", ""2003"", ""1996"", ""1999"", ""2001"", ""2001"", ""2003"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2002"", ""1992"", ""2005"", ""1990"", ""2005"", ""1988"", ""2004"", ""2003"", ""1962"", ""2001"", ""2005"", ""1988"", ""1946"", ""1981"", ""1960"", ""2001"", ""1997"", ""2000"", ""1977"", ""1960"", ""1975"", ""1998"", ""1999"", ""2003"", ""2004"", ""2003"", ""1987"", ""1992"", ""1994"", ""1997"", ""1994"", ""2000"", ""1994"", ""1994"", ""2001"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""1986"", ""1975"", ""1977"", ""1989"", ""1997"", 
""2002"", ""2000"", ""2001"", ""2003"", ""2005"", ""1988"", ""2001"", ""1985"", ""1991"", ""1990"", ""1992"", ""2000"", ""2003"", ""1982"", ""2004"", NA, ""1980"", ""2002"", ""2004"", NA, ""1983"", ""1994"", ""1998"", ""1999"", NA, ""2001"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2004"", ""1995"", ""2001"", ""1994"", ""2001"", ""1991"", ""1992"", ""1998""), journal.title = c(""Revue Scientifique et Technique Office International des Épizooties"", ""Journal of Veterinary Medicine B"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Tropial Animal Health and Production"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, ""La Selezione Veterinaria"", ""Tuberculosis"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"", ""Irish Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Infection and Immunity"", ""Irish Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Revue Scientifique et Technique"", NA, ""Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"", ""Infection and Immunity"", 
""Tuberculosis"", ""Revue Scientifique et Technique"", ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"", ""Medicina Veterinaria"", ""Journal of Applied Microbiology"", ""Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"", ""The Lancet Infectious Diseases"", ""Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", NA, NA, ""Veterinary Record"", ""Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA"", 
""Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Tuberculosis"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", NA, ""Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Clinical and Experimental Immunology"", ""Surveillance"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Microbiology and Immunology"", NA, ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Advances in Veterinary Science"", ""Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"", 
""Trends in Microbiology"", ""New Zealand Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Australian Veterinary Journal"", ""Journal of the South African Veterinary Medical Association"", ""Journal of Veterinary Medicine B: Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health"", NA, ""The Veterinary Journal"", ""Australian Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Zentralbl Veterinarmed B"", ""Clinical and Experimental Immunology"", ""Infection and Immunity"", ""Journal of Veterinary Medicine B"", 
NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Irish Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Veterinary Record"", NA, ""Tuberculosis"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Infection and Immunity"", ""Developments in Biological Standardization"", ""Irish Veterinary Journal"", ""Australian Veterinary Journal"", ""Australian Veterinary Journal"", ""Journal of Infectious Diseases"", ""The Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Record"", 
""Tuberculosis"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"", ""Journal of Comparative Pathology"", ""Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Australian Veterinary Journal"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""Australian Veterinary Journal"", ""Australian Veterinary Journal"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA"", ""American Review of Respiratory Diseases"", ""Indian Journal of Animal Sciences"", NA, NA, ""Veterinary Microbiology"", 
""Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"", NA, ""Veterinary Bulletin, Weybridge"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"", NA, ""Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"", ""Immunology"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigation"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Tuberculosis"", ""Australian Veterinary Journal"", 
""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Irish Veterinary Journal""), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""A Centenary of Animal Health 1865–1965"", ""The Report of the Chief Veterinary Officer"", ""British Pharmacopoeia (Veterinary) 2002"", ""Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals"", NA, ""Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication: Uniform Methods and Rules, effective January 1, 2005"", ""Annual Report for the Year Ending 30 June 2005"", ""National Bovine Tuberculosis Pest Management Strategy – National Operational Plan: 1 July 2005 to 30 June 2013 (version 1.0)"", 
""Animal Health 2004. The Report of the Chief Veterinary Officer"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Animals and Humans"", ""Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Mycobacterium bovis"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Eradication of Bovine Tuberculosis from Australia: Key Management and Technical Aspects"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bovine Tuberculosis, including a Contrast with Human Tuberculosis"", ""Tuberculosis in Animals and Man"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""An Epidemiological Investigation into Bovine Tuberculosis – Fourth Report"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle and Badgers"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary Epidemiology: Principles and Methods"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proceedings of the Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Anon, 2004b. Consolidated (English) version of Council Directive 64/432/EEC of 26 June 1964 on animal health problems affecting intra-Community trade in bovine animals and swine. Official Journal of the European Communities P121, 29.07.1964, p. 1977."", NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Christiansen, K., Goodchild, T., Vordermeier, M., Clifton-Hadley, R., Hewinson, G., 2002. Cost-effectiveness of using the gamma-interferon test in herds with multiple tuberculin reactors. Final project report (SE3018). Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, London."", NA, NA, ""Coad, M., Hewinson, R.G., Clifford, D., Whelan, A.O., Vordermeier, H.M. Influence of SICCT and delay in blood testing on the BOVIGAM interferon-gamma test in naturally infected cattle. Veterinary Record submitted for publication."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""State Veterinary Service., 2005. Veterinary Instructions, Procedures and Emergency Routines (‘VIPER’), Chapter 23, Section X. Accessed on 13/07/2005."", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Thom, M.L., Hope, J.C., McAulay, M., Villareal-Ramos, B., Coffey, T., Stephens, S., Howard, C.J., 2005. The effect of tuberculin testing on the development of cell-mediated immune responses during Mycobacterium bovis infection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, in press."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Vordermeier, M., Aranaz, A., Pollock, J.M., 2001a. Immunodiagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. In: Summary of a Satellite Workshop of the ‘Mycobacterium bovis 2000’ conference, Cambridge, UK, 17 August 2000. Tuberculosis 81(1/2), 177–180."", 
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""Evaluation and application of an indirect ELISA for the detection of antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus in milk, bulk milk, and serum"", ""Estimation of sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests and disease prevalence when the true disease state is unknown"", ""Conditional dependence between tests affects the diagnosis and surveillance of animal diseases"", ""Respiratory infections in Norwegian dairy calves"", ""Estimating the error rates of diagnostic tests"", ""Occurrence and phylogenetic analysis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in outbreaks of respiratory disease in Norway"", 
""Association between the level of antibodies in bulk tank milk and bovine respiratory syncytial virus exposure in the herd"", ""STARD-BLCM: Standards for the Reporting of Diagnostic accuracy studies that use Bayesian Latent Class Models"", ""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV): a review"", ""Empirical evidence of design-related bias in studies of diagnostic tests"", ""Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in Dutch dairy herds based on testing bulk tank milk and individual samples by PCR and ELISA"", 
""Predicting within-herd prevalence of infection with bovine leukemia virus using bulk-tank milk antibody levels"", ""Serological analysis of tuberculosis in goats by use of the Enferplex Caprine TB Multiplex Test"", ""Characteristic differences in reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction products of ovine, bovine, and human respiratory syncytial viruses"", ""Bovine respiratory coronavirus: The Veterinary clinics of North America"", NA, NA, ""Diagnosing diagnostic tests: evaluating the assumptions underlying the estimation of sensitivity and specificity in the absence of a gold standard"", 
""Assessing the convergence of Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods: an example from evaluation of diagnostic tests in absence of a gold standard"", ""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus antibodies in bulk tank milk-risk factors and spatial analysis"", ""A cohort study of the effect of winter dysentery on herd-level milk production"", ""Nationwide survey of antibodies to bovine coronavirus in bulk milk from Swedish dairy herds"", ""The effect of conditional dependence on the evaluation of diagnostic tests"", 
""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection"", ""Evaluating diagnostic tests with imperfect standards""), volume = c(""32"", NA, ""26"", ""68"", ""45"", ""151"", ""7"", ""45"", ""45"", ""92"", ""36"", ""10"", ""175"", ""138"", ""41"", ""282"", ""168"", ""122"", ""24"", ""5"", ""26"", NA, NA, ""68"", ""79"", ""133"", ""100"", ""144"", ""41"", ""38"", ""93""), author = c(""Alenius"", ""Anon"", ""Boileau"", ""Branscum"", ""Christensen"", ""Clegg"", ""Elvander"", ""Enøe"", ""Gardner"", ""Gulliksen"", ""Hui"", ""Klem"", ""Klem"", ""Kostoulas"", ""Larsen"", ""Lijmer"", ""Muskens"", ""Nekouei"", 
""O’Brien"", ""Oberst"", ""Saif"", ""Svanova"", ""Svanova"", ""Toft"", ""Toft"", ""Toftaker"", ""Toftaker"", ""Tråvén"", ""Vacek"", ""Valarcher"", ""Valenstein""), year = c(""1991"", ""2015"", ""2010"", ""2005"", ""2000"", ""2011"", ""1995"", ""2000"", ""2000"", ""2009"", ""1980"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2017"", ""2000"", ""1999"", ""2011"", ""2015"", ""2017"", ""1993"", ""2010"", ""2018"", ""2018"", ""2005"", ""2007"", ""2016"", ""2017"", ""1999"", ""1985"", ""2007"", ""1990""), journal.title = c(""Acta Vet. Scand."", NA, ""Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", 
""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Biometrics"", ""BMC Vet. Res."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Acta Vet. Scand."", ""JAMA"", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Clin. Vaccine Immunol."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Food Anim. Pract."", NA, NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Biometrics"", ""Vet. Res."", ""Am. J. Clin. Pathol.""), series.title = c(NA, ""Key Numbers from the Norwegian Dairy Herd Recording System. Annual Report 2014"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Svanova Manual. Bovine coronavirus Antibodytest"", ""Svanova Manual. Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Antibody Test"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0167587717307961",NA,"en","list(name = c(""The Research Council of Norway"", ""The Norwegian Research Funding for Agriculture and Food Industry"", ""TINE SA""))","list(date = ""2018-06-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""Evaluation of a multiplex immunoassay for bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus antibodies in bulk tank milk against two indirect ELISAs using latent class analysis"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.03.008"", ""article"", ""© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", 
""Journal Title"", ""CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"", ""Content Type"", ""Copyright""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Toftaker","2018","Toftaker et al., 2018"
"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","2011-05-12","2025-03-05","2010-03","10.1177/104063871002200211","2025-03-06","1040-6387,1943-4936","2","2010-03","179","238-241","10.1177","SAGE Publications","1","Crossref","20","20","14","Evaluation of a Commercial Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Kit for the Diagnosis of<i>Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus</i>Infection","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1177/104063871002200211","22","<jats:p>Recently a commercial real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) kit has been marketed for the detection of Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). However, diagnostic interpretation of the results of this kit requires its comparison to commonly used methods. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of this kit in comparison with the conventional direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT). Twenty BRSV strains and 14 heterologous bovine viruses were used to check the kit's sensitivity and specificity. The efficiency and detection limit of the kit were determined by testing dilution series of a BRSV strain. The comparison between real-time RT-PCR kit and FAT was performed with 94 clinical samples from calves with clinical signs of respiratory disease including lung tissues (n = 55), transtracheal aspiration samples (n = 20), and nasal swab samples (n = 19). All of the BRSV strains tested were detected by real-time RT-PCR. No cross-reaction was shown with the 14 heterologous bovine viruses. The real-time RT-PCR was 99.3% efficient with a detection limit of 0.1 TCID<jats:sub>50</jats:sub>(50% tissue culture infective dose). The results of real-time RT-PCR and FAT were concordant for 65 of the 94 clinical samples tested. The remaining 29 clinical samples were positive by real-time RT-PCR and negative by FAT, demonstrating the higher sensitivity of real-time RT-PCR. In conclusion, the kit evaluated in this study was sensitive, specific, and had a low threshold of detection. Furthermore, the use of this kit instead of FAT allows an improvement of the sensitivity for the detection of BRSV in clinical samples.</jats:p>","J VET Diagn Invest","list(given = c(""Edouard"", ""Cyril"", ""Eric Le"", ""Catherine"", ""Henri"", ""Alain"", ""Sébastien""), family = c(""Timsit"", ""Maingourd"", ""Dréan"", ""Belloc"", ""Seegers"", ""Douart"", ""Assié""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of INRA, Veterinary School, UMR 1300 Unit of Bio-aggression, Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, Nantes, France"", ""Department of Laboratoire d'Analyses Sèvres Atlantique, Niort, France"", 
""Department of Institute in Health-Agro-Environment, Rennes, France"", ""Department of INRA, Veterinary School, UMR 1300 Unit of Bio-aggression, Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, Nantes, France"", ""Department of INRA, Veterinary School, UMR 1300 Unit of Bio-aggression, Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, Nantes, France"", ""Department of Farm Animal Health and Public Health, Veterinary School, Nantes, France."", ""Department of INRA, Veterinary School, UMR 1300 Unit of Bio-aggression, Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, Nantes, France""
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NA, NA, ""47"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, ""Baker JC"", NA, NA, ""Dubovi EJ"", NA, NA, ""Kimman TG"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)""), year = c(NA, ""1986"", NA, NA, ""1993"", NA, NA, ""1986"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2000""), journal.title = c(NA, ""J Am Vet Med Assoc"", NA, NA, ""Vet Med"", NA, NA, ""Am J Vet Res"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines, ed. OIE Biological Standards Commission""), edition = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""4""))","10.1177/104063871002200211","2010-03-01","en","NULL","list(date = ""2010-03-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Timsit","2010","Timsit et al., 2010"
"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","2018-07-25","2018-10-30","2018-11","10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008","2025-06-13","0167-5877",NA,"2018-11","78","136-144","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","22","22","16","Serological monitoring on milk and serum samples in a BVD eradication program: A field study in Belgium showing antibody ELISA performances and epidemiological aspects","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008","160",NA,"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","list(given = c(""Jean-Baptiste"", ""Miet"", ""Camille"", ""Sophie"", ""Gilles"", ""Yves"", ""Brigitte""), family = c(""Hanon"", ""De Baere"", ""de la Ferté"", ""Roelandt"", ""Guillot"", ""Van der Stede"", ""Cay""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), ORCID = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0675-8325"", NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, FALSE, NA, NA))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587717306438?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587717306438?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(issue = c(""3"", ""8"", ""4"", ""1"", NA, ""3"", ""1"", NA, ""5"", ""3"", ""26"", NA, NA, ""5"", ""1"", NA, ""7"", NA, ""32"", ""3"", ""1-2"", ""1""), key = c(""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008_bib0005"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008_bib0010"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008_bib0015"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008_bib0020"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008_bib0025"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008_bib0030"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008_bib0035"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008_bib0040"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008_bib0045"", 
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""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.07.005""), article.title = c(""Antibody responses against non-structural protein 3 of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in milk and serum samples from animals immunised with an inactivated vaccine"", ""Assessing the within-herd prevalence of cows antibody-positive to bovine viral diarrhoea virus with a blocking ELISA on bulk tank milk"", ""Evaluation of a blocking ELISA for the detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) antibodies in serum and milk"", ""Sheep persistently infected with Border disease readily transmit virus to calves seronegative to BVD virus"", 
""A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales"", ""Use of sentinel serology in a Bovine viral diarrhea virus eradication program"", ""Stochastic simulation modeling to determine time to detect Bovine Viral Diarrhea antibodies in bulk tank milk"", ""Challenges for bovine viral diarrhoea virus antibody detection in bulk milk by antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays due to changes in milk production levels"", ""Level and duration of serum antibodies in cattle infected experimentally and naturally with bovine virus diarrhoea virus"", 
""Evaluation of long-term antibody responses to two inactivated bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) vaccines"", ""Antibody responses of naïve cattle to two inactivated bovine viral diarrhoea virus vaccines, measured by indirect and blocking ELISAS and virus neutralisation"", ""Separation of a soluble antigen and infectious particles of Bovine viral diarrhea viruses and their relationship to hog cholera"", ""Evaluation of 16 commercial antibody ELISAs for the detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus–specific antibodies in serum and milk using well-characterized sample panels"", 
""Test strategies in bovine viral diarrhea virus control and eradication campaigns in Europe"", ""Influence of border disease virus (BDV) on serological surveillance within the bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) eradication program in Switzerland"", ""The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data"", ""Milk as a diagnostic sample for a commercially available ELISA to identify bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) antibodies in dairy herds"", ""Characteristics in the epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) of relevance to control"", 
""Evaluation of the induction of NS3 specific BVDV antibodies using a commercial inactivated BVDV vaccine in immunization and challenge trials"", ""Antibody responses to inactivated vaccines and natural infection in cattle using bovine viral diarrhoea virus ELISA kits: assessment of potential to differentiate infected and vaccinated animals"", ""Selection and use of laboratory diagnostic assays in BVD control programmes"", ""Serological and virological BVDV prevalence and risk factor analysis for herds to be BVDV seropositive in Belgian cattle herds""
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""2017"", ""2006"", ""2017"", ""1977"", ""2014"", ""2005"", ""2007"", ""2011"", ""2005"", ""2013""), journal.title = c(""Vet. J."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet Microbiol."", ""Educ. Psychol. Meas."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Acta Vet. Scand."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. J."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Can. J. Comp. Med. Vet. Sci."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""BMC Vet. Res."", ""Biometrics"", ""Aust. Vet. J."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vaccine"", ""Vet. J."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med.""))","S0167587717306438",NA,"en","list(name = ""Animal Health Funds of the Belgian Federal Public Service for Health, Food chain safety and Environment."")","list(date = ""2018-11-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""Serological monitoring on milk and serum samples in a BVD eradication program: A field study in Belgium showing antibody ELISA performances and epidemiological aspects"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.07.008"", ""article"", ""© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", ""Journal Title"", 
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""Evidence of members of the Chlamydiales in bovine abortions in England and Wales"", ""Risk factors associated with high bulk milk antibody levels to common pathogens in UK dairies"", ""A four year longitudinal sero-epidemiological study of bovine herpesvirus type-1 (BHV-1) in adult cattle in 107 unvaccinated herds in south west England"", ""Seroprevalence and epidemiological characteristics of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis on 114 cattle farms in south west England""), volume = c(""113"", NA, 
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""Wheelhouse"", ""Williams"", ""Woodbine"", ""Woodbine""), year = c(""2006"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2015"", ""2005"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2011"", NA, ""2002"", NA, ""2005"", ""2016"", ""2000"", ""2006"", ""2012"", ""2006"", ""2015"", ""2012"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""1997"", ""2014"", ""2011"", ""2006"", ""1999"", ""2016"", NA, ""2006"", ""2000"", ""2015"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2015"", ""1998"", ""2005"", ""1978"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2005"", ""2000"", ""2015"", ""2013"", ""2010"", ""2013"", ""2011"", ""2005"", ""2015"", ""2007"", ""2014"", ""2003"", ""2007"", ""2015"", NA, ""2015"", ""2012"", 
""2015"", ""2014"", ""2009"", ""2009""), journal.title = c(""Vet. Microbiol."", NA, ""J. Geogr. Syst."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""J. Agric. Econ."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."", NA, ""Vet. Parasitol."", NA, ""Vet. Rec."", ""Trop. Anim. Health Prod."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Foodborne Pathog. Dis."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Acta Vet. Scand."", ""BMC Microbiol."", ""Commun. Stat. Theory Methods"", ""Vet. J."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", 
""Rev. Sci. Tech."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Acta Vet. Scand."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""PLoS One"", ""Parasit. Vectors"", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Parasitol."", ""Am. J. Epidemiol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Ir. Vet. J."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Parasitol."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Ir. Vet. J."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", NA, ""In Pract."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Pathog. Dis."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, ""J. Dairy Sci."", 
""Vet. J."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""BMC Vet. Res."", ""Prev. Vet. Med.""), series.title = c(NA, ""Exploring spatial data with GeoDa: A workbook"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Stata: Release 13. Statistical Software"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Villarino, M. A., and E. R. Jordan. 2005. Production impact of sub-clinical manifestations of bovine paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. in Proc. 8th Int. Colloquium on Paratuberculosis. Copenhagen, Denmark, August 14–17, 2005."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0022030217307932",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2017-11-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""Herd-level prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases of dairy cows in Great Britain"", ""Journal of Dairy Science"", ""https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11863"", ""article"", ""© 2017 American Dairy Science Association®.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", ""Journal Title"", ""CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"", ""Content Type"", ""Copyright""
))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Velasova","2017","Velasova et al., 2017"
"Zoonoses and Public Health","2016-10-22","2023-10-01","2017-06","10.1111/zph.12306","2024-07-27","1863-1959,1863-2378","4","2016-10-22","311","262-271","10.1111","Wiley","1","Crossref","50","50","14","Sensitivity of Direct Culture, Enrichment and <scp>PCR</scp> for Detection of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> in Broiler Flocks at Slaughter","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12306","64","<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>Broiler chicken flocks are a significant source of <jats:italic>Campylobacter jejuni</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Campylobacter coli</jats:italic> that result in the major public health problem of campylobacteriosis. Accurate estimates of the prevalence of both <jats:italic>C. coli</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. jejuni</jats:italic> in flocks would enhance epidemiological understanding, risk assessment and control options. This study combined results from a panel of 10 detection tests (direct culture, enrichment and <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">PCR</jats:styled-content>) on caecal samples from flocks at slaughter. A parallel interpretation approach was used to determine the presence of <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> spp. and for <jats:italic>C. jejuni</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. coli</jats:italic> individually. The sample was considered positive if at least one method detected the target and this interpretation was taken to represent a ‘proxy gold standard’ for detection in the absence of a gold standard reference test. The sensitivity of each individual method to detect <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>C. jejuni</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. coli</jats:italic> was then estimated relative to the proxy gold standard. Enrichment in adapted Exeter broth (deficient in polymyxin B) with a resuscitation step was 100% sensitive, whilst direct culture on modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar (<jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">mCCDA</jats:styled-content>) was highly sensitive (97.9%). Enrichment methods using Preston broth and Bolton broth were significantly less sensitive. Enrichment in Exeter broth promoted the recovery of <jats:italic>C. jejuni,</jats:italic> whilst enrichment in Bolton broth favoured <jats:italic>C. coli</jats:italic>. A <jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">RT</jats:styled-content>‐<jats:styled-content style=""fixed-case"">PCR</jats:styled-content> detection test could identify 80% of flocks that were co‐colonised with both species. This study found that 76.3% (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 127) of flocks were colonised with <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> spp. The majority (95.9%) of <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic>‐positive flocks were colonised with <jats:italic>C. jejuni</jats:italic>; however, approximately one‐third of positive flocks were simultaneously colonised with both <jats:italic>C. jejuni</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. coli</jats:italic>. The findings highlight the impact of different detection methodologies on the accuracy of the estimated incidence of both <jats:italic>C. jejuni</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. coli</jats:italic> entering the abattoir within broiler flocks and the associated public health risks.</jats:p>","Zoonoses and Public Health","list(given = c(""J. D."", ""E."", ""R."", ""F. A."", ""A. B.""), family = c(""Rodgers"", ""Simpkin"", ""Lee"", ""Clifton‐Hadley"", ""Vidal""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Bacteriology Animal and Plant Health Agency Addlestone Surrey UK"", ""Department of Bacteriology Animal and Plant Health Agency Addlestone Surrey UK"", ""Department of Bacteriology Animal and Plant Health Agency Addlestone Surrey UK"", ""Department of Bacteriology Animal and Plant Health Agency Addlestone Surrey UK"", 
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""The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2011"", ""Food microbiology Method 6: examination for specific organisms‐ Campylobacter"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Isolation of Campylobacter jejuni from raw milk"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, ""8"", ""8"", ""9"", ""11"", ""5013"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proceedings of the FoodMicro 2006"", NA, NA, ""An Introduction to Medical Statistics"", NA, NA, NA, ""Isolation of Thermotolerant Campylobacter ‐ Review and Methods for New Zealand Laboratories"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Isolation of Campylobacter Species from Food and Water. Bacteriological Analytical Manual (US FDA), Chapter 7"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary Epidemiology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1111/zph.12306","2016-10-22","en","list(DOI = c(""10.13039/501100000277"", ""10.13039/501100000354""), name = c(""Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"", ""Food Standards Agency""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher""), award = c(""OZ0613"", ""B15081""), id.id = c(""10.13039/501100000277"", ""10.13039/501100000354""), id.id.type = c(""DOI"", ""DOI""), id.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher""))","list(date = ""2016-10-22"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"")",NA,"NULL","Portico",NA,"NULL",NA,"Rodgers","2016","Rodgers et al., 2016"
"Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases","2018-10-30","2022-09-04","2019-03-31","10.7883/yoken.jjid.2018.340","2025-03-19","1344-6304,1884-2836","2","2019-03-31","4631","81-87","10.7883","Editorial Committee of Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Infectious Dis","1","Crossref","28","28","10","Comparison of Established PCR Assays for Accurate Identification of &lt;i&gt;Campylobacter jejuni&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Campylobacter coli&lt;/i&gt;","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.7883/yoken.jjid.2018.340","72",NA,"Jpn J Infect Dis","list(given = c(""S. M. Lutful"", ""Nityananda"", ""Masahiro"", ""Sachi"", ""Ken"", ""Atsushi"", ""Sucharit Basu"", ""Shinji""), family = c(""Kabir"", ""Chowdhury"", ""Asakura"", ""Shiramaru"", ""Kikuchi"", ""Hinenoya"", ""Neogi"", ""Yamasaki""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), affiliation2.name = c(""Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University"", 
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""Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University""))","list(URL = ""https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/yoken/72/2/72_JJID.2018.340/_pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""1"", ""2"", ""3"", ""4"", ""5"", ""6"", ""7"", ""8"", ""9"", ""10"", ""11"", ""12"", ""13"", ""14"", ""15"", ""16"", ""17"", ""18"", ""19"", ""20"", ""21"", ""22"", ""23"", ""24"", ""25"", ""26"", ""27"", ""28""), unstructured = c(""1. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2014. EFSA J. 2015;13:4329."", ""2. Skirrow MB, Blaser MJ. Clinical aspects of <i>Campylobacter</i> infection. In: Nachamkin I, Blaser MJ, editors. <i>Campylobacter</i>. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology; 2000. p. 69-88."", 
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""Classical swine fever virus diversity and evolution"", ""Genetic typing of classical swine fever virus"", ""Phylogenetic analysis of classical swine fever virus isolated from Taiwan"", ""Classical swine fever in Europe-the current situation"", ""Reemergence of Classical Swine Fever, Japan, 2018"", ""African swine fever and classical swine fever: A review of the pathogenesis"", ""Classical swine fever: An update"", ""Classical swine fever in China—An update Minireview"", ""Diagnostic methods for detection of Classical swine fever virus—Status quo and new developments"", 
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""Next-generation sequencing as diagnostic tool in veterinary research"", ""Molecular epidemiology of current classical swine fever virus isolates of wild boar in Germany"", ""Sequencing approach to analyze the role of quasispecies for classical swine fever"", NA, NA, NA, ""Towards the development of a one-dose classical swine fever subunit vaccine: Antigen titration, onset and duration of immunity"", ""Plant-made E2 glycoprotein single-dose vaccine protects pigs against classical swine fever"", NA, NA, ""Detection of antibodies against classical swine fever virus in swine sera by indirect ELISA using recombinant envelope glycoprotein E2"", 
""Direct coating of culture medium from cells secreting classical swine fever virus E2 antigen on ELISA plates for detection of E2-specific antibodies"", ""Development of a competitive ELISA using a truncated E2 recombinant protein as antigen for detection of antibodies to classical swine fever virus"", ""Development of single dilution immunoassay to detect E2 protein specific classical swine fever virus antibody"", ""A multiplex nested RT-PCR for the detection and differentiation of wild-type viruses from C-strain vaccine of classical swine fever virus"", 
""Evaluation of a multiplex real-time RT-PCR for quantitative and differential detection of wild-type viruses and C-strain vaccine of Classical swine fever virus"", ""Differentiation of C-strain “Riems” or CP7_E2alf vaccinated animals from animals infected by classical swine fever virus field strains using real-time RT-PCR"", ""A generic real-time TaqMan assay for specific detection of lapinized Chinese vaccines against classical swine fever"", ""Development of a triplex TaqMan real-time RT-PCR assay for differential detection of wild-type and HCLV vaccine strains of classical swine fever virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus 1"", 
NA, ""Comparison of two real-time RT-PCR assays for differentiation of C-strain vaccinated from classical swine fever infected pigs and wild boars"", ""Development of a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay with fluorogenic probes to discriminate Korean wild-type and vaccine isolates of Classical swine fever virus"", ""Rapid detection and differentiation of wild-type and three attenuated lapinized vaccine strains of classical swine fever virus by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction"", 
""Genetic differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals after implementation of an emergency vaccination strategy against classical swine fever in wild boar"", ""Evaluation of classical swine fever virus antibody detection assays with an emphasis on the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals"", ""Antibody responses of pigs to defined Erns fragments after infection with classical swine fever virus"", ""Development of a classical swine fever subunit marker vaccine and companion diagnostic test"", 
""Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a virus type-specific peptide based on a subdomain of envelope protein Erns for serologic diagnosis of pestivirus infections in swine"", ""Laboratory diagnosis, epizootiology, and efficacy of marker vaccines in classical swine fever: A review"", ""Evaluation of an Erns-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to distinguish Classical swine fever virus-infected pigs from pigs vaccinated with CP7_E2alf"", ""The double-antigen ELISA concept for early detection of Erns -specific classical swine fever virus antibodies and application as an accompanying test for differentiation of infected from marker vaccinated animals"", 
""Differentiation of classical swine fever virus infection from CP7_E2alf marker vaccination by a multiplex microsphere immunoassay"", ""Discrimination within epitope specific antibody populations against classical swine fever virus is a new means of differentiating infection from vaccination"", ""Enhanced expression of the Erns protein of classical swine fever virus in yeast and its application in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals"", 
""The challenge of introducing point of care diagnostics in farm animal health management"", ""Development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay combined with a lateral flow dipstick for rapid and simple detection of classical swine fever virus in the field"", ""Development of an immunochromatographic strip for rapid detection of antibodies against classical swine fever virus"", ""Development of a duplex lateral flow assay for simultaneous detection of antibodies against African and Classical swine fever viruses"", 
""Point-of-service diagnostic technology for detection of swine viral diseases"", ""African swine fever"", ""The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-An emerging global health threat""), volume = c(NA, ""5"", NA, ""85"", ""65"", ""70"", ""77"", ""73"", ""106"", ""126"", ""25"", ""110"", ""75"", ""13"", ""25"", ""165"", NA, ""113"", ""15"", ""14"", ""34"", ""58"", ""16"", ""119"", ""121"", ""65"", ""19"", ""63"", ""66"", ""160"", ""168"", ""23"", ""146"", ""167"", ""171"", ""160"", ""50"", ""139"", NA, ""236"", ""269"", ""261"", ""136"", ""65"", ""82"", ""312"", ""1247"", ""9"", 
""91"", ""438"", NA, NA, NA, ""19"", ""17"", NA, NA, ""51"", ""205"", ""70"", ""172"", ""143"", ""126"", ""158"", ""175"", ""92"", NA, ""97"", ""70"", ""20"", ""153"", ""31"", ""12"", ""73"", ""39"", ""22"", ""27"", ""64"", ""22"", ""420"", ""222"", ""14"", ""197"", ""180"", ""28"", ""64"", ""165"", ""13""), author = c(NA, ""Brown"", NA, ""Schirrmeier"", ""Thiel"", ""Meyers"", ""Lowings"", ""Paton"", ""Deng"", ""Postel"", ""Postel"", ""Carrasco"", ""Paton"", ""Zhou"", ""Blome"", ""Moennig"", NA, ""Grummer"", ""Chander"", ""Zhang"", ""Shannon"", ""Penrith"", ""Moennig"", ""Dewulf"", ""Depner"", ""Postel"", ""Espy"", 
""Lung"", ""Lung"", ""Liu"", ""Zhang"", ""Chen"", ""Yin"", ""Zhang"", ""Ning"", ""Huang"", ""Zheng"", ""Rosell"", NA, ""Shi"", ""Zhao"", ""Xiao"", ""Deregt"", ""Erickson"", ""Guo"", ""Fu"", ""Freimanis"", ""Kumar"", ""Leifer"", ""Blome"", NA, NA, NA, ""Madera"", ""Laughlin"", NA, NA, ""Moser"", ""Cheng"", ""Clavijo"", ""Kumar"", ""Li"", ""Zhao"", ""Leifer"", ""Liu"", ""Zhang"", NA, ""Everett"", ""Cho"", ""Pan"", ""Blome"", ""Schroeder"", ""Lin"", ""Moormann"", ""Langedijk"", NA, ""Pannhorst"", ""Meyer"", ""Xia"", ""Bruderer"", ""Luo"", ""Manessis"", ""Chowdry"", ""Li"", ""Sastre"", ""Nannucci"", 
""Dixon"", ""Baloch""), year = c(NA, ""2018"", NA, ""2004"", ""1991"", ""1996"", ""1996"", ""2000"", ""2005"", ""2013"", ""2019"", ""2003"", ""2003"", ""2019"", ""2007"", ""2003"", NA, ""2006"", ""2014"", ""2017"", ""1993"", ""2011"", ""2015"", ""2004"", ""2007"", ""2018"", ""2006"", ""2016"", ""2019"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2018"", ""2009"", ""2020"", ""2009"", NA, ""2016"", ""2019"", ""2018"", ""2006"", ""2018"", ""2016"", ""2020"", ""2015"", ""2019"", ""2010"", ""2013"", NA, NA, NA, ""2018"", ""2019"", NA, NA, ""1996"", ""2015"", ""2001"", ""2016"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2009"", 
""2011"", ""2012"", NA, ""2014"", ""2006"", ""2008"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2005"", ""2000"", ""2001"", ""2000"", ""2015"", ""2017"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2019"", ""2014"", ""2012"", ""2016"", ""2020"", ""2019"", ""2020""), journal.title = c(NA, ""Front. Vet. Sci."", NA, ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Dtsch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Front. Vet. Sci."", ""Vaccine"", ""Vet. J."", NA, ""Dtsch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."", 
""Anim. Health Res. Rev."", ""Virol. J."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Anim. Health Res. Rev."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Clin. Microbiol. Rev."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Mol. Cell. Probes"", ""J. Biotechnol."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Mol. Cell. Probes"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", NA, ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", 
""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Biosens. Bioelectron."", ""Sens. Actuators B Chem."", ""Methods Mol. Biol."", ""J. Anim. Res."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Virology"", NA, NA, NA, ""J. Vet. Sci."", ""Plant. Biotechnol. J."", NA, NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. J."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", NA, ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Can. J. Vet. Res."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Rev. Sci. Tech."", 
""Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Q."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Clin. Vaccine Immunol."", ""J. Immunol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Biomed. J. Sci. Tech. Res."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."", ""J. Vet. Res."", ""Antivir. Res."", ""J. Infect. Public Health""))","pathogens9080658","2020-08-15","en","list(name = c(""National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility Transition Fund, the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch-Multistate project"", ""USDA ARS Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreements"", ""USDA ARS Grant"", ""National Pork Board Grant""), award = c(""1021491"", ""58-8064-8-011, 58-8064-9-007, 58-3020-9-020"", ""59-0208-9-222"", ""18-059""))","list(date = ""2020-08-15"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Wang","2020","Wang et al., 2020"
"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","2018-08-07","2023-09-15","2018-09","10.1111/jvim.15229","2025-06-04","0891-6640,1939-1676","5","2018-08-06","311","1481-1494","10.1111","Wiley","1","Crossref","121","121","74","Management of <scp><i>C</i></scp><i>oxiella burnetii</i> infection in livestock populations and the associated zoonotic risk: A consensus statement","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15229","32","<jats:p>Infections caused by <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii,</jats:italic> commonly referred to as coxiellosis when occurring in animals and Query fever when occurring in humans, are an important cause of abortions, decreased reproductive efficiency, and subclinical infections in ruminants. The organism also represents an important zoonotic concern associated with its ability to aerosolize easily and its low infectious dose. Available diagnostic tests have limited sensitivity, which combined with the absence of treatment options in animals and limited approaches to prevention, result in difficulty managing this agent for optimal animal health and zoonotic disease outcomes. The purpose of this consensus statement is to provide veterinarians and public health officials with a summary of the available information regarding management of <jats:italic>C. burnetii</jats:italic> infection in livestock populations. A discussion of currently available testing options and their interpretation is provided, along with recommendations on management practices that can be implemented on‐farm in the face of an outbreak to mitigate losses. Emphasis is placed on biosecurity measures that can be considered for minimizing the zoonotic transmission risk in both field and veterinary facilities.</jats:p>","Veterinary Internal Medicne","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5784-8382"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""Paul J."", ""J.Trenton"", ""Paula"", ""Paul S."", ""René"", ""David C.""), family = c(""Plummer"", ""McClure"", ""Menzies"", ""Morley"", ""Van den Brom"", ""Van Metre""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine and the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventative Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University  Ames Iowa"", 
""Dpeartment of Health Management Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island  Charlottetown Prince Edward Canada"", ""Department Population Medicine Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario Canada"", NA, ""GD Animal Health  Deventer The Netherlands"", ""Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado""), affiliation1.name = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado"", 
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""Detection of Shigella by a PCR assay targeting the ipaH gene suggests increased prevalence of shigellosis in Nha Trang, Vietnam"", ""From pieces to patterns: evolutionary engineering in bacterial pathogens"", ""Origins and evolution of antibiotic resistance"", ""IRT and CMT beta-lactamases and inhibitor resistance"", ""Cephamycin resistance in clinical isolates and laboratory-derived strains of Escherichia coli, Nova Scotia, Canada"", ""Molecular mechanisms of cefoxitin resistance in Escherichia coli from the Toronto area hospitals"", 
""A survey of the frequency of aminoglycoside antibiotic-resistant genotypes and phenotypes in Escherichia coli in broilers with septicaemia in Hebei, China"", ""Next generation sequencing and bioinformatic bottlenecks: the current state of metagenomic data analysis"", ""Metagenomics: The Next Culture-Independent Game Changer"", ""The Present and Future of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) and Whole Metagenome Sequencing (WMS) for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistant Microorganisms and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes across the Food Chain""
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    ""British poultry science"", ""Current opinion in biotechnology"", ""Frontiers in microbiology"", ""Genes""))",NA,"2019-05-10","en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/100000002"", name = ""National Institutes of Health"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", award = ""K24 AI102972"", id.id = ""10.13039/100000002"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = ""2019-05-10"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Pholwat","2019","Pholwat et al., 2019"
"Frontiers in Microbiology","2023-04-18","2024-10-18",NA,"10.3389/fmicb.2023.1139312","2025-05-12","1664-302X",NA,"2023-04-17","1965",NA,"10.3389","Frontiers Media SA","1","Crossref","115","115","15","Virotyping and genetic antimicrobial susceptibility testing of porcine ETEC/STEC strains and associated plasmid types","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1139312","14","<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Enterotoxigenic<jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic>(ETEC) infections are the most common cause of secretory diarrhea in suckling and post-weaning piglets. For the latter, Shiga toxin-producing<jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic>(STEC) also cause edema disease. This pathogen leads to significant economic losses. ETEC/STEC strains can be distinguished from general<jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>by the presence of different host colonization factors (e.g., F4 and F18 fimbriae) and various toxins (e.g., LT, Stx2e, STa, STb, EAST-1). Increased resistance against a wide variety of antimicrobial drugs, such as paromomycin, trimethoprim, and tetracyclines, has been observed. Nowadays, diagnosing an ETEC/STEC infection requires culture-dependent antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and multiplex PCRs, which are costly and time-consuming.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Here, nanopore sequencing was used on 94 field isolates to assess the predictive power, using the meta R package to determine sensitivity and specificity and associated credibility intervals of genotypes associated with virulence and AMR.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Genetic markers associated with resistance for amoxicillin (plasmid-encoded TEM genes), cephalosporins (<jats:italic>ampC</jats:italic>promoter mutations), colistin (<jats:italic>mcr</jats:italic>genes), aminoglycosides (<jats:italic>aac(3)</jats:italic>and<jats:italic>aph(3)</jats:italic>genes), florfenicol (<jats:italic>floR</jats:italic>), tetracyclines (<jats:italic>tet</jats:italic>genes), and trimethoprim-sulfa (<jats:italic>dfrA</jats:italic>genes) could explain most acquired resistance phenotypes. Most of the genes were plasmid-encoded, of which some collocated on a multi-resistance plasmid (12 genes against 4 antimicrobial classes). For fluoroquinolones, AMR was addressed by point mutations within the ParC and GyrA proteins and the<jats:italic>qnrS1</jats:italic>gene. In addition, long-read data allowed to study the genetic landscape of virulence- and AMR-carrying plasmids, highlighting a complex interplay of multi-replicon plasmids with varying host ranges.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>Our results showed promising sensitivity and specificity for the detection of all common virulence factors and most resistance genotypes. The use of the identified genetic hallmarks will contribute to the simultaneous identification, pathotyping, and genetic AST within a single diagnostic test. This will revolutionize future quicker and more cost-efficient (meta)genomics-driven diagnostics in veterinary medicine and contribute to epidemiological studies, monitoring, tailored vaccination, and management.</jats:p></jats:sec>","Front. Microbiol.","list(given = c(""Nick"", ""Sander"", ""Daniel"", ""Sebastiaan"", ""Bert"", ""Eric""), family = c(""Vereecke"", ""Van Hoorde"", ""Sperling"", ""Theuns"", ""Devriendt"", ""Cox""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1139312/full"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref1"", ""ref2"", ""ref3"", ""ref4"", ""ref5"", ""ref6"", ""ref7"", ""ref8"", ""ref9"", ""ref10"", ""ref11"", ""ref12"", ""ref13"", ""ref14"", ""ref15"", ""ref16"", ""ref17"", ""ref18"", ""ref19"", ""ref20"", ""ref21"", ""ref22"", ""ref23"", ""ref24"", ""ref25"", ""ref26"", ""ref27"", ""ref28"", ""ref29"", ""ref30"", ""ref31"", ""ref32"", ""ref33"", ""ref34"", ""ref35"", ""ref36"", ""ref37"", ""ref38"", ""ref39"", ""ref40"", ""ref41"", ""ref42"", ""ref43"", ""ref44"", ""ref45"", ""ref46"", ""ref47"", ""ref48"", ""ref49"", ""ref50"", ""ref51"", ""ref52"", ""ref53"", ""ref54"", ""ref55"", ""ref56"", 
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""10.1038/s41579-018-0031-2"", ""10.1128/AAC.01495-19"", ""10.3390/ani12030264"", ""10.2147/IDR.S189168"", ""10.1099/mgen.0.000206"", ""10.1128/JCM.00316-09"", ""10.1093/jac/dkx488"", ""10.1038/s41592-019-0669-3"", ""10.1007/978-3-319-21416-0"", ""10.3390/toxins11090502"", ""10.1093/bioinformatics/btu153"", ""10.4178/epih.e2019007"", ""10.1128/iai.3.5.678-687.1971"", ""10.1128/JCM.00471-07"", ""10.1089/mdr.2011.0068"", ""10.1038/s41598-018-28180-9"", ""10.1126/science.1987637"", NA, ""10.3389/fmicb.2020.01013"", ""10.2903/J.EFSA.2018.E16086"", 
""10.1038/s43588-021-00073-4"", ""10.1128/JCM.00888-17"", ""10.1186/s12859-020-03856-0"", ""10.1128/spectrum.04123-22"", ""10.18637/jss.v036.i03"", ""10.1093/jac/dkq347"", ""10.1038/s41587-021-01108-x"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2021.754931"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2021.639660"", ""10.1186/s13059-021-02483-z"", ""10.1099/MGEN.0.000631"", ""10.1128/AAC.04408-14"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2022.1018901"", ""10.1007/s00284-009-9426-7"", ""10.1093/jac/dks261""), article.title = c(""Molecular serogrouping of porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from Australia"", 
NA, NA, ""Molecular characterization and comparative genomics of clinical hybrid Shiga toxin-producing and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC/ETEC) strains in Sweden"", ""Genomic analysis of plasmid content in food isolates of E. coli strongly supports its role as a reservoir for the horizontal transfer of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes"", ""Resistance pattern and molecular characterization of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains isolated in Bangladesh"", ""Distribution of basic replicons having homology with RepFIA, RepFIB, and RepFIC among IncF group plasmids"", 
""Rapid identification of mycoplasma bovis strains from bovine Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid with matrix-assisted laser"", ""Genome-wide association study reveals genetic markers for Antimicrobial Resistance in Mycoplasma bovis"", ""Genome-wide association study reveals genetic markers for antimicrobial Resistance in Mycoplasma bovis"", ""Evaluation of Nanopore sequencing as a diagnostic tool for the rapid identification of mycoplasma bovis from individual and pooled respiratory tract samples"", ""ResFinder 4.0 for predictions of phenotypes from genotypes"", 
""Development of a multiplex PCR assay for detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, enterohemorrhagic E. coli, and enteropathogenic E. coli strains"", ""Detection and characterization of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli by a VTEC/EHEC multiplex PCR in porcine faeces and pig carcass swabs"", ""Plasmidome in mcr-1 harboring carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales isolates from human in Thailand"", ""Characterization of expanded-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in"", ""Rapid scoring of genes in microbial pan-genome-wide association studies with Scoary"", 
""O-serogroups and pathovirotypes of Escherichia coli isolated from post-weaning piglets showing diarrhoea and/or oedema in South Korea"", ""Application of targeted next generation sequencing assay on a portable sequencing platform for culture-free detection of drug resistant tuberculosis from clinical samples"", ""Genome-wide association study of listeria monocytogenes isolates causing three different clinical outcomes"", ""Mutations in the ampC promoter of Escherichia coli isolates resistant to oxyiminocephalosporins without extended spectrum β-lactamase production"", 
""Design and evaluation of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for the simultaneous identification of genes for nine different virulence factors associated with Escherichia coli that cause diarrhea and edema disease in swine"", ""Nanopore metagenomics enables rapid clinical diagnosis of bacterial lower respiratory infection"", ""High genetic homology between plasmids of human and animal origins ferring resistance to the aminoglycosides gentamicin and apramycin"", ""Dissemination of clonally related E. coli strains expressing ESBL CTX-M-15"", 
""A new multidrug-resistant enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli pulsed-field gel electrophoresis cluster associated with enrofloxacin non-susceptibility in diseased pigs"", ""Evolution of horizontal transmission in antimicrobial resistance plasmids"", ""Antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes, and phylogenetic characteristics of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from patients and swine suffering from diarrhea"", ""Interpretable genotype-to-phenotype classifiers with performance guarantees"", ""Animal enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli"", 
""Global burden of Colistin-resistant bacteria: mobilized Colistin Resistance genes study (1980-2018)"", NA, ""WGS to predict antibiotic MICs for Neisseria gonorrhoeae"", ""Escherichia coli: on-farm contamination of animals"", ""Colibacillosis"", ""Colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing and carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria in Germany"", ""GWAS for quantitative resistance phenotypes in mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals resistance genes and regulatory regions"", 
""Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in pigs and its diagnosis"", ""Prevalence of serogroups and virulence genes in Escherichia coli associated with postweaning diarrhoea and edema disease in pigs and a comparison of diagnostic approaches"", ""Why is entry exclusion an essential feature of conjugative plasmids?"", ""Current update on intrinsic and acquired Colistin Resistance mechanisms in bacteria"", ""Coming of age: ten years of next-generation sequencing technologies"", ""A review of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in piglets: public health importance"", 
""Detection of mcr-1 encoding plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from human bloodstream infection and imported chicken meat, Denmark 2015"", ""Dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from diseased pigs in Quebec, Canada"", ""A fast and agnostic method for bacterial genome-wide association studies: bridging the gap between k-mers and genetic events"", ""Rapid and easy in silico serotyping of Escherichia coli isolates by use of whole-genome sequencing data"", 
""A new mutation in 16S rRNA of Escherichia coli conferring spectinomycin resistance"", ""Open-access bacterial population genomics: BIGSdb software, the PubMLST.org website and their applications [version 1; referees: 2 approved]"", ""Animal health today--problems of large livestock units. Disease hazards associated with slurry disposal"", ""Solving the problem of comparing whole bacterial genomes across different sequencing platforms"", ""Feasibility of MinION Nanopore rapid sequencing in the detection of common diarrhea pathogens in fecal specimen"", 
""Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection of weaned pigs: intestinal challenges and nutritional intervention to enhance disease resistance"", ""A review of mini-F plasmid maintenance"", ""Assembly of long, error-prone reads using repeat graphs"", ""Pathogenicity assessment of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and the public health risk posed by contamination of food with STEC"", ""Normalized resistance interpretation as a tool for establishing epidemiological MIC susceptibility breakpoints"", 
""Rapid MinION profiling of preterm microbiota and antimicrobial-resistant pathogens"", ""Detection of hemolysin variants of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli by PCR and culture on vancomycin-cefixime-cefsulodin blood agar"", ""Interactive tree of life (iTOL) v5: an online tool for phylogenetic tree display and annotation"", ""Minimap2: pairwise alignment for nucleotide sequences"", ""Editorial: investigating antimicrobial Resistance with single-molecule sequencing technologies: opportunities and challenges"", 
""Characterization of β-lactamases responsible for Resistance to extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica strains from food-producing animals in the United Kingdom"", ""Aminoglycoside resistance 16S rRNA methyltransferases block endogenous methylation, affect translation efficiency and fitness of the host"", ""Prevalence of hemolysin genes and comparison of ehxA subtype patterns in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and non-STEC strains from clinical, food, and animal sources"", 
""Swine enteric colibacillosis: diagnosis, therapy and antimicrobial resistance"", ""Large-scale assessment of antimicrobial resistance marker databases for genetic phenotype prediction: a systematic review"", ""Replicon typing of virulence plasmids of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from cattle"", ""DNA sequences coding for the F18 fimbriae and AIDA adhesin are localised on the same plasmid in Escherichia coli isolates from piglets"", ""Replicon typing of plasmids in Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases"", 
""IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era"", ""The predictive potential of different molecular markers linked to amikacin susceptibility phenotypes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa"", ""Developing an in silico minimum inhibitory concentration panel test for Klebsiella pneumonia"", ""Plasmid incompatibility"", ""Molecular characterization of extended spectrum cephalosporin resistant Escherichia coli isolated from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria"", 
""Roary: rapid large-scale prokaryote pan genome analysis"", ""CheckM: assessing the quality of microbial genomes recovered from isolates, single cells, and metagenomes"", ""Antimicrobial resistance and population genomics of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in pig farms in mainland China"", ""Tetracycline and streptomycin Resistance genes, transposons, and plasmids in salmonella enterica isolates from animals in Italy"", ""Interpreting whole-genome sequence analyses of foodborne bacteria for regulatory applications and outbreak investigations"", 
""Going around in circles: virulence plasmids in enteric pathogens"", ""Polymyxin susceptibility testing and interpretive breakpoints: recommendations from the United States committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (USCAST)"", ""Antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from Diarrhoeic neonatal calves in Spain"", ""Comparative analysis of KPC-2-encoding chimera plasmids with multi-replicon IncR:IncpA1763-KPC:IncN1 or IncFIIpHN7A8:IncpA1763-KPC:IncN1"", ""MOB-suite: software tools for clustering, reconstruction and typing of plasmids from draft assemblies"", 
""Development of multiplex PCR assays for detection of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli colonization factors and toxins"", ""Plasmids carrying antimicrobial resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae"", ""Fast and accurate long-read assembly with wtdbg2"", NA, ""Genetics, toxicity, and distribution of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Hemolysin"", ""Prokka: rapid prokaryotic genome annotation"", ""Diagnostic test accuracy: application and practice using R software"", ""Properties of the hemolytic activities of Escherichia coli"", 
""Comparative analyses of phenotypic and genotypic methods for detection of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli toxins and colonization factors"", ""First report on incn plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 in porcine Escherichia coli in europe"", ""Nanopore sequencing as a revolutionary diagnostic tool for porcine viral enteric disease complexes identifies porcine kobuvirus as an important enteric virus"", ""Coordinate regulation of β-lactamase induction and peptidoglycan composition by the amp operon"", 
""Swine 2012 part II: reference of swine health and health Management in the United States, 2012"", ""Prediction of antimicrobial Resistance in gram-negative bacteria from whole-genome sequencing data"", ""Use of next-generation sequencing in microbial risk assessment"", ""Time- and memory-efficient genome assembly with raven"", ""Susceptibility testing for the Polymyxins: two steps Back, three steps forward?"", ""High quality genome assemblies of mycoplasma bovis using a taxon-specific Bonito basecaller for MinION and Flongle long-read nanopore sequencing"", 
""Predictive power of Long-read whole-genome sequencing for rapid diagnostics of multidrug-resistant Brachyspira hyodysenteriae strains"", ""Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package"", ""Replicon sequence typing of IncF plasmids carrying virulence and resistance determinants"", ""Nanopore sequencing technology, bioinformatics and applications"", ""Multiple-replicon Resistance plasmids of Klebsiella mediate extensive dissemination of antimicrobial genes"", ""Genome-wide association studies for the detection of genetic variants associated with Daptomycin and Ceftaroline Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus"", 
""Trycycler: consensus long-read assemblies for bacterial genomes"", ""Recovery of small plasmid sequences via oxford nanopore sequencing"", ""Third-generation-cephalosporin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from humans and companion animals in Switzerland: spread of a DHA-producing sequence type 11 clone in a veterinary setting"", ""Florfenicol and oxazolidone resistance status in livestock farms revealed by short- and long-read metagenomic sequencing"", ""AmpC promoter and attenuator mutations affect function of three Escherichia coli strains"", 
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""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Antimicrob. Chemother."", ""Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."", ""Res. Microbiol."", ""Sci. Rep."", ""J. Antimicrob. Chemother."", ""Genome Biol."", ""Vet. Sci."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Microorganisms"", ""FEMS Microbiol. Lett."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."", ""Nat. Biotechnol."", ""Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Microbiol (United Kingdom)"", ""BMC Microbiol."", ""Sci. Rep."", ""EcoSal Plus"", ""Microorganisms"", NA, ""J. Antimicrob. Chemother."", ""OIE Rev. Sci. Tech."", 
NA, ""Lancet Infect. Dis."", ""Nat. Commun."", ""J. Swine Heal. Prod."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Plasmid"", ""Front. Med."", ""Nat. Rev. Genet."", ""Syst. Rev. Pharm."", ""Eur. Secur."", ""Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"", ""PLoS Genet."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Nucleic Acids Res."", ""Wellcome Open Res."", ""Br. Vet. J."", ""PLoS One"", ""Anal. Chem."", ""Front. Immunol."", ""Plasmid"", ""Nat. Biotechnol."", ""EFSA J."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Nat. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Nucleic Acids Res."", ""Bioinformatics"", ""Front. Microbiol."", 
""Microb. Drug Resist."", ""RNA"", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Porc. Heal. Manag."", ""J. Antimicrob. Chemother."", ""Infect. Immun."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Antimicrob. Chemother."", ""Mol. Biol. Evol."", ""PLoS One"", ""Sci. Rep."", ""Microbiol. Rev."", ""Front. Microbiol."", ""Bioinformatics"", ""Genome Res."", ""Nat. Commun."", ""Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."", ""Front. Microbiol."", ""Nat. Rev. Microbiol."", ""Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."", ""Animals"", ""Infect. Drug Resist."", ""Microb. Genom."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Antimicrob. Chemother."", 
""Nat. Methods"", NA, ""Toxins (Basel)"", ""Bioinformatics"", ""Epidemiol. Health"", ""Infect. Immun."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Microb. Drug Resist."", ""Sci. Rep."", ""Science"", ""USDA"", ""Front. Microbiol."", ""EFSA J."", ""Nat. Comput. Sci."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""BMC Bioinformatics"", ""Microbiol. Spectr."", ""J. Stat. Softw."", ""J. Antimicrob. Chemother."", ""Nat. Biotechnol."", ""Front. Microbiol."", ""Front. Microbiol."", ""Genome Biol."", ""Microb. Genom."", ""Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."", ""Front. Microbiol."", ""Curr. Microbiol."", 
""J. Antimicrob. Chemother.""), volume.title = c(NA, ""AMCRA vision 2024"", ""AMCRA formularium"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Diseases of Swine"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Meta-Analysis with R"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.3389/fmicb.2023.1139312","2023-04-17",NA,"NULL","list(date = ""2023-04-17"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/crossmark-policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Vereecke","2023","Vereecke et al., 2023"
"Journal of Virological Methods","2003-01-09","2020-03-11","2003-01","10.1016/s0166-0934(02)00196-9","2025-04-09","0166-0934","1","2003-01","78","89-98","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","16","16","43","A solid-phase blocking ELISA for detection of type O foot-and-mouth disease virus antibodies suitable for mass serology","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-0934(02)00196-9","107",NA,"Journal of Virological Methods","list(given = c(""Gilles"", ""Kor"", ""Peter"", ""Remco S"", ""Aldo""), family = c(""Chénard"", ""Miedema"", ""Moonen"", ""Schrijver"", ""Dekker""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0166093402001969?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0166093402001969?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB1"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB2"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB3"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB4"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB5"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB6"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB7"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB8"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB9"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB10"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB11"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB12"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9_BIB13"", 
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""Bouma, A., Eblé, P., Van Rooij, E., Bianchi, A., Dekker, A., 2001. The epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease in the Netherlands in 2001: laboratory examinations. In: Session of the Research Group of the Standing Technical Committee of the European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Island of Moen, Denmark, 15–17 September, pp. 55–57."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Haas, B., 1994. Application of the FMD liquid-phase blocking sandwich ELISA-problems encountered in import/export serology and possible solutions. In: Session of the Research Group of the Standing Technical Committee of the European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Vienna, 19–22 September."", 
NA, NA, ""Kramps, J.A., Van Rooij, E.M.A., 1998. Validation, standardization and control of ELISA techniques for the diagnosis of infectious diseases in veterinary medicine. Proceedings from symposium: Towards livestock disease diagnosis and control in the 21st century. IAEA-SM-348/22, pp. 293–303."", NA, ""Moonen, P., Miedema, G.K.W., van Hemert-Kluitenberg, F., Chénard, G., Dekker. A., 2000. Comparison of FMDV neutralisation tests using three different cell lines: validation of the new FAO reference sera. In: Session of the Research Group of the Standing Technical Committee of the European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Borovets, Bulgaria, 5–8 September."", 
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NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Validation of a monoclonal antibody-based ELISA to detect antibodies directed against swine vesicular disease virus"", ""Sample collection in a SVD surveillance program. An epidemiological view"", ""Limited assurances"", ""High agreement but low κ. I. The problem of two paradoxes"", ""Circular dichroism, molecular modeling, and serology indicate that the structural basis of antigenic variation in foot-and-mouth disease virus is α-helix formation"", NA, ""Validation of serological assays for diagnosis of infectious diseases"", 
""Outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O in the UK caused by a pandemic strain"", NA, ""A solid-phase competition ELISA for measuring antibody to foot-and-mouth disease virus"", NA, ""Analysis of neutralizing epitopes on foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Recent developments in the periodate method of conjugating horseradish peroxidase (HRPO) to antibodies""), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, ""75"", ""121"", ""63"", ""43"", ""91"", NA, ""17"", ""148"", NA, ""97"", NA, ""62"", NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Chénard"", ""Dekker"", 
""Diamond"", ""Feinstein"", ""France"", NA, ""Jacobson"", ""Knowles"", NA, ""Mackay"", NA, ""Pfaff"", ""Wilson""), year = c(NA, NA, NA, ""1998"", ""1996"", ""1989"", ""1990"", ""1994"", NA, ""1998"", ""2001"", NA, ""2001"", NA, ""1988"", ""1978""), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Tijdschr. Diergeneeskunde"", ""Am. J. Cardiol."", ""J. Clin. Epidemiol."", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."", NA, ""Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, ""J. Virol. Methods"", NA, ""J. Virol."", NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Immunofluorescence and Related Staining Techniques""))","S0166093402001969",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2003-01-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Chénard","2003","Chénard et al., 2003"
"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","2020-10-07","2025-03-02","2020-11","10.1177/1040638720962070","2025-05-27","1040-6387,1943-4936","6","2020-10-07","179","933-937","10.1177","SAGE Publications","1","Crossref","10","10","7","Inter-laboratory comparison of 2 ELISA kits used for foot-and-mouth disease virus nonstructural protein serology","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638720962070","32","<jats:p> Serologic assays used to detect antibodies to nonstructural proteins (NSPs) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) are used for disease surveillance in endemic countries, and are essential to providing evidence for freedom of the disease with or without vaccination and to recover the free status of a country after an outbreak. In a 5-site inter-laboratory study, we compared the performance of 2 commercial NSP ELISA kits (ID Screen FMD NSP ELISA single day [short] and overnight protocols, ID.Vet; PrioCHECK FMDV NS antibody ELISA, Thermo Fisher Scientific). The overall concordance between the PrioCHECK and ID Screen test was 93.8% (95% CI: 92.0–95.2%) and 94.8% (95% CI: 93.1–96.1%) for the overnight and short ID Screen incubation protocols, respectively. Our results indicate that the assays (including the 2 different formats of the ID Screen test) can be used interchangeably in post-outbreak serosurveillance. </jats:p>","J VET Diagn Invest","list(given = c(""Clare F. J."", ""Antonello"", ""Lissie"", ""Tim"", ""Lynne"", ""Aurore"", ""Anthony"", ""Phaedra"", ""Emiliana"", ""Santina"", ""Donald P."", ""Anna B.""), family = c(""Browning"", ""Di Nardo"", ""Henry"", ""Pollard"", ""Hendry"", ""Romey"", ""Relmy"", ""Eble"", ""Brocchi"", ""Grazioli"", ""King"", ""Ludi""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey, United Kingdom"", 
""The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey, United Kingdom"", ""The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey, United Kingdom"", ""Animal and Plant Health Agency, New Haw, United Kingdom"", ""Animal and Plant Health Agency, New Haw, United Kingdom"", ""ANSES, Laboratoire de Santé Animale de Maisons-Alfort, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, ANSES, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France"", ""ANSES, Laboratoire de Santé Animale de Maisons-Alfort, INRA, École Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, ANSES, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France"", 
""Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR), Lelystad, The Netherlands"", ""Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy"", ""Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy"", ""The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey, United Kingdom"", ""The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey, United Kingdom""), ORCID = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8554-5234""), authenticated.orcid = c(NA, 
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""Development and evaluation of multiplex RT-LAMP assays for rapid and sensitive detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""An improved reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for sensitive and specific detection of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Development and evaluation of a one step reverse transcription-loop mediated isothermal amplification assay (RT-LAMP) for rapid detection of foot and mouth disease virus in India"", ""Evaluation of two lyophilized molecular assays to rapidly detect foot-and-mouth disease virus directly from clinical samples in field settings"", 
""Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP): a new approach for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus and its sero-types in Pakistan"", ""Rapid detection and differentiation of foot and mouth disease virus serotypes by antigen-capture reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification"", ""Development and evaluation of a real-time reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid serotyping of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Rapid and sensitive detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus in tissues by enzymatic RNA amplification of the polymerase gene"", 
""Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus RNA in clinical samples and cell culture isolates by amplification of the capsid coding region"", ""Detection of FMDV RNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)"", ""Advantages and limitations of quantitative PCR (Q-PCR)-based approaches in microbial ecology"", ""Validation of a LightCycler-based reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Use of a portable real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", 
""Detection of all seven serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus by real-time, fluorogenic reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay"", ""Laboratory diagnosis of FMD using real-time RT-PCR in Egypt"", ""Defining the relative performance of isothermal assays that can be used for rapid and sensitive detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Diagnostic comparison of serum and EDTA-stabilized blood samples for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus RNA by RT-qPCR"", ""Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA"", 
""Detection of loop-mediated isothermal amplification reaction by turbidity derived from magnesium pyrophosphate formation"", ""Novel reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""[Establishment of RT- LAMP for rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus]"", ""Preliminary validation of direct detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus within clinical samples using reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with a simple lateral flow device for detection"", 
""One-step real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP): evaluation and its application for the detection of foot-and-mouth-disease virus and its serotypes"", ""Real-time detection and monitoring of loop mediated amplification (LAMP) reaction using self-quenching and de-quenching fluorogenic probes"", ""Rapid, sensitive and effective diagnostic tools for foot-and-mouth disease virus in Africa"", ""Early adaptive immune responses in the respiratory tract of foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected cattle"", 
""Detection of genome, antigen, and antibodies in oral fluids from pigs infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Display of the VP1 epitope of foot-and-mouth disease virus on bacteriophage T7 and its application in diagnosis"", ""A 12-residue epitope displayed on phage T7 reacts strongly with antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Poly(I:C) combined with multi-epitope protein vaccine completely protects against virulent foot-and-mouth disease virus challenge in pigs"", ""Indirect ELISA using a multi-epitope recombinant protein to detect antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O in pigs"", 
""A multi-species indirect ELISA for detection of non-structural protein 3ABC specific antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Marker vaccine potential of foot-and-mouth disease virus with large deletion in the non-structural proteins 3A and 3B"", ""Mutational analysis of foot and mouth disease virus nonstructural polyprotein 3AB-coding region to design a negative marker virus"", ""Serotype-independent detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Serotyping of foot-and-mouth disease virus by antigen capture-ELISA using monoclonal antibodies and chicken IgY"", 
""A recombinant protein-based ELISA for detecting antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia 1"", ""Detection of foot-and-mouth disease serotype O by ELISA using a monoclonal antibody"", ""Development of anti-bovine IgA single chain variable fragment and its application in diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease"", ""Utility of recombinant integrin alpha v beta6 as a capture reagent in immunoassays for the diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease"", ""Validation of a recombinant integrin alphavbeta6/monoclonal antibody based antigen ELISA for the diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease"", 
""Truncated bovine integrin alpha-v/beta-6 as a universal capture ligand for FMD diagnosis"", ""Differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease-infected pigs from vaccinated pigs using antibody-detecting sandwich ELISA"", ""Development and validation of a foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT serotype-specific 3ABC assay to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals"", ""Chimeric foot-and-mouth disease viruses: evaluation of their efficacy as potential marker vaccines in cattle"", ""Marker vaccine potential of a foot-and-mouth disease virus with a partial VP1 G-H loop deletion"", 
""Neutralizing monoclonal antibody sandwich liquid-phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Foot-and-mouth disease virus type O antibodies"", ""Quantitative single serum-dilution liquid phase competitive blocking ELISA for the assessment of herd immunity and expected protection against foot-and-mouth disease virus in vaccinated cattle"", ""Quantitative single dilution liquid phase blocking ELISA for sero-monitoring of foot-and-mouth disease in India"", ""Use of a baculovirus-expressed structural protein for the detection of antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus type A by a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay"", 
""Field application of a recombinant protein-based ELISA during the 2010 outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease type A in South Korea"", ""Development and utilization of VHH antibodies derived from camelus dromedarius against foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Evaluation of the solid phase competition ELISA for detecting antibodies against the six foot-and-mouth disease virus non-O serotypes"", ""Evaluation and optimization of a conventional SPCE for FMD post-vaccination monitoring"", ""Application of a recombinant capsid polyprotein (P1) expressed in a prokaryotic system to detect antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O"", 
""Development and validation of a competitive ELISA based on bacterium-original virus-like particles of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus for detecting serum antibodies"", ""Generation of mAbs to foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A and application in a competitive ELISA for serodiagnosis"", ""The development and validation of a novel nanobody-based competitive ELISA for the detection of foot and mouth disease 3ABC antibodies in cattle"", ""Rapid screening swine foot-and-mouth disease virus using micro-ELISA system"", 
""Determination of cattle foot-and-mouth disease virus by micro-ELISA method"", ""Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Elisa. 3. Quantitation of specific antibodies by enzyme-labeled anti-immunoglobulin in antigen-coated tubes"", ""Immunological properties of an antibody containing a fluorescent group"", ""A short history, principles, and types of ELISA, and our laboratory experience with peptide/protein analyses using ELISA"", ""Routine application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in comparison with complement fixation for the diagnosis of foot-and-mouth and swine vesicular diseases"", 
NA, ""Enzyme-labelled immunosorbent assay techniques in foot-and-mouth disease virus research"", ""Detection and quantification of foot and mouth disease virus by enzyme labelled immunosorbent assay techniques"", ""Detection and typing of foot-and-mouth disease virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: a sensitive, rapid and reliable technique for primary diagnosis"", ""The specific detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus whole particle antigen (140S) by enzyme labelled immunosorbent assay"", ""A new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus. I. Development and method of ELISA"", 
""Comparison of the antibodies elicited by the individual structural polypeptides of foot-and mouth disease and polio viruses"", ""A study of the cross-reacting antigens on the intact foot-and-mouth disease virus and its 12S Subunits with antisera against the structural proteins"", ""Alteration in antibody reactivity with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 146S antigen before and after binding to a solid phase or complexing with specific antibody"", ""A solid-phase competition ELISA for measuring antibody to foot-and-mouth disease virus"", 
""Comparison of test methodologies for foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A vaccine matching"", ""Validation of a foot-and-mouth disease antibody screening solid-phase competition ELISA (SPCE)"", ""Incursions of foot-and-mouth disease virus into Europe between 1985 and 2006"", ""Biochemical mapping of the foot-and-mouth disease virus genome"", ""Evaluation of cross-protection against three topotypes of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs vaccinated with multi-epitope protein vaccine incorporated with poly(I:C)"", 
""A complex-trapping-blocking (CTB) ELISA, using monoclonal antibodies and detecting specifically antibodies directed against foot-and-mouth disease types A, O and C. I. Method and characteristics"", ""Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus by competitive ELISA using a monoclonal antibody specific for the 12S protein subunit from six of the seven serotypes"", ""Evaluation of a trapping ELISA for the differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease virus strains using monoclonal antibodies"", ""Validation of an inhibition ELISA using a monoclonal antibody for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) primary diagnosis"", 
""Monoclonal antibodies to an Indian strain of type A foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Foot-and-mouth disease virus antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using multiserotype-reactive monoclonal antibodies"", ""Engineered antibody fragments and the rise of single domains"", ""Biotechnological applications of recombinant single-domain antibody fragments"", ""Protective immune response against foot-and-mouth disease"", ""Protection of swine against foot-and-mouth disease with viral capsid proteins expressed in heterologous systems"", 
""Antibody to the nonstructural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus in vaccinated animals exposed to infection"", ""Application of non-structural protein antibody tests in substantiating freedom from foot-and-mouth disease virus infection after emergency vaccination of cattle"", ""The non-structural polyprotein 3ABC of foot-and-mouth disease virus as a diagnostic antigen in ELISA to differentiate infected from vaccinated cattle"", ""Comparison of two 3ABC enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of multiple-serotype foot-and-mouth disease in a cattle population in an area of endemicity"", 
""Differentiating infection from vaccination in foot-and-mouth-disease: evaluation of an ELISA based on recombinant 3ABC"", ""Development and use of a biotinylated 3ABC recombinant protein in a solid-phase competitive ELISA for the detection of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Comparable sensitivity and specificity in three commercially available ELISAs to differentiate between cattle infected with or vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Detection of antibody to the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) non-structural polyprotein 3ABC in sheep by ELISA"", 
""Production and application of recombinant antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus non-structural protein 3ABC"", ""Development and validation of a 3ABC indirect ELISA for differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease virus infected from vaccinated animals"", ""Serological survey for foot-and-mouth disease virus in wildlife in eastern Africa and estimation of test parameters of a nonstructural protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for buffalo"", ""Application of the Ceditest(R) FMDV type O and FMDV-NS enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of antibodies against Foot-and-mouth disease virus in selected livestock and wildlife species in Uganda"", 
""Differentiating infection from vaccination in foot-and-mouth disease using a panel of recombinant, non-structural proteins in ELISA"", ""Foot-and-mouth disease: the agar gel diffusion precipitin test for antibody to virus-infection-associated (via) antigen as a tool for epizootiologic surveys1"", ""Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus infection-associated antigen antibodies: comparison of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and agar gel immunodiffusion tests"", ""Detection of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus using a liquid-phase blocking sandwich ELISA (LPBE) with a bioengineered 3D protein"", 
""Differentiation of infection from vaccination in foot-and-mouth disease by the detection of antibodies to the non-structural proteins 3D, 3AB and 3ABC in ELISA using antigens expressed in baculovirus"", ""Chimeric tymovirus-like particles displaying foot-and-mouth disease virus non-structural protein epitopes and its use for detection of FMDV-NSP antibodies"", ""Chemiluminescence immunoassay for the detection of antibodies against the 2C and 3ABC nonstructural proteins induced by infecting pigs with foot-and-mouth disease virus"", 
""Development of a chemiluminescence immunoassay using recombinant non-structural epitope-based proteins to accurately differentiate foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected and vaccinated bovines"", ""Comparative evaluation of six ELISAs for the detection of antibodies to the non-structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Presence of antibodies to non-structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus in repeatedly vaccinated cattle"", ""Overview of marker vaccine and differential diagnostic test technology"", 
""Evaluation of a 3A-truncated foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs for its potential as a marker vaccine"", ""Development of novel strategies to control foot-and-mouth disease: marker vaccines and antivirals"", ""Vaccines prepared from chimeras of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) induce neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity to multiple serotypes of FMDV"", ""A large-scale evaluation of peptide vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease: lack of solid protection in cattle and isolation of escape mutants"", 
""Global foot-and-mouth disease research update and gap analysis: 4 - diagnostics"", ""Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus by nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA)"", ""Immunochromatographic lateral flow test for detection of antibodies to Equine infectious anemia virus"", ""Development and validation of a lateral flow immunoassay using colloidal gold for the identification of serotype-specific foot-and-mouth disease virus O, A and Asia 1"", ""A simple and rapid colloidal gold-based immunochromatogarpic strip test for detection of FMDV serotype A"", 
""Simple and rapid lateral-flow assay for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Development and laboratory validation of a lateral flow device for the detection of serotype SAT 2 foot-and-mouth disease viruses in clinical samples"", ""Development of a chromatographic strip assay for detection of porcine antibodies to 3ABC non-structural protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O"", ""Development of an immunochromatographic strip for the detection of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O"", 
""Development of a serotype colloidal gold strip using monoclonal antibody for rapid detection type Asia1 foot-and-mouth disease"", ""Development of a multiplex lateral flow strip test for foot-and-mouth disease virus detection using monoclonal antibodies"", ""Development and validation of a prokaryotically expressed foot-and-mouth disease virus non-structural protein 2C'3AB-based immunochromatographic strip to differentiate between infected and vaccinated animals"", ""Development of a quick and simple detection methodology for foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes O, A and Asia 1 using a generic RapidAssay Device"", 
""Development and evaluation of a rapid antigen detection and serotyping lateral flow antigen detection system for foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Development and evaluation of serotype-specific recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow dipstick assays for the diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A, O and Asia1"", ""Visual and equipment-free reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification method for rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Lateral flow assays"", 
""A simple and rapid immunochromatographic test strip for detection of pathogenic isolates of Vibrio harveyi"", ""A simple and rapid immunochromatographic strip test for monitoring antibodies to H5 subtype Avian Influenza Virus"", ""Development and laboratory evaluation of two lateral flow devices for the detection of vesicular stomatitis virus in clinical samples"", ""Development and validation of an immunogold chromatographic test for on-farm detection of PRRSV"", ""Development of an immunochromatographic lateral flow test strip for detection of β-adrenergic agonist Clenbuterol residues"", 
""Development of a lateral flow colloidal gold immunoassay strip for the rapid detection of enrofloxacin residues"", ""[Establishment of a colloid gold-immunochromatography assay for detection of type Asia I foot-and-mouth disease virus]"", ""Development of a rapid chromatographic strip test for the pen-side detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus antigen"", ""Development and laboratory validation of a lateral flow device for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus in clinical samples"", ""Options for decentralized testing of suspected secondary outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease"", 
""Foot-and-mouth disease: past, present and future"", ""Production and characterization of two serotype independent monoclonal antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus"", ""Characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus from outbreaks in Ecuador during 2009-2010 and cross-protection studies with the vaccine strain in use in the region"", ""Development of an immunochromatography strip test based on truncated nucleocapsid antigens of three representative hantaviruses"", ""Polymerase chain reaction combined with fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay based on magnetic purification for rapid detection of canine parvovirus 2"", 
""Rapid and visual detection of human enterovirus coxsackievirus A16 by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with lateral flow device"", ""Development and evaluation of a rapid and sensitive EBOV-RPA test for rapid diagnosis of Ebola virus disease"", ""Development of real-time and lateral flow strip reverse transcription recombinase polymerase Amplification assays for rapid detection of peste des petits ruminants virus"", ""Reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification with lateral flow dipsticks for detection of influenza A virus and subtyping of H1 and H3"", 
""A new immunoassay of serum antibodies against Peste des petits ruminants virus using quantum dots and a lateral-flow test strip"", ""Rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus using reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick"", ""Foot-and-mouth disease type O viruses exhibit genetically and geographically distinct evolutionary lineages (topotypes)"", ""Livestock production systems in developing countries: status, drivers, trends"", NA, NA, ""Options for control of foot-and-mouth disease: knowledge, capability and policy"", 
""Rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus using a field-portable nucleic acid extraction and real-time PCR amplification platform"", ""Global foot-and-mouth disease research update and gap analysis: 1 - Overview of global status and research needs"", ""An ELISA based on the repeated foot-and-mouth disease virus 3B epitope peptide can distinguish infected and vaccinated cattle"", ""Immunodiagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease using mutated recombinant 3ABC polyprotein in a competitive ELISA"", ""Investigations into the cause of foot-and-mouth disease virus seropositive small ruminants in Cyprus during 2007""
), volume = c(""21"", NA, ""90"", ""147"", ""8"", ""141"", ""172"", ""143"", ""175"", ""246"", ""66"", ""64"", ""259"", ""8"", ""207"", ""246"", ""5"", ""65"", ""66"", ""223"", ""66"", ""65"", ""8"", ""15"", ""192"", ""260"", ""25"", ""64"", ""16"", ""8"", ""187"", ""34"", ""42"", ""36"", ""67"", ""113"", ""220"", ""105"", ""8"", ""249"", ""270"", ""28"", ""289"", ""151"", ""25"", ""9"", ""41"", ""8"", ""81"", ""87"", ""81"", ""193"", ""102"", ""97"", ""262"", ""160"", ""43"", ""243"", ""151"", ""31"", ""159"", ""32"", ""4"", ""127"", ""175"", ""11"", ""73"", ""255"", ""26"", ""28"", ""21"", ""166"", ""43"", ""17"", ""179"", ""30"", ""183"", ""14"", 
NA, ""103"", ""13"", ""5"", ""11"", ""30"", ""109"", ""47"", ""72"", ""16"", NA, ""80"", ""42"", ""43"", ""83"", ""93"", ""45"", ""51"", ""82"", ""97"", ""21"", ""115"", ""55"", ""35"", ""168"", ""24"", ""26"", ""19"", ""41"", ""43"", ""47"", ""23"", ""10"", ""66"", ""11"", ""20"", ""24"", ""142"", ""42"", ""101"", ""120"", ""99"", ""125"", ""321"", ""125"", ""15"", ""24"", ""16"", ""92"", ""9"", ""8"", ""143"", ""25"", ""24"", ""65"", ""24"", ""115"", ""33"", ""45"", ""33"", ""68"", ""71"", ""63"", ""126"", ""167"", ""171"", ""26"", ""16"", ""163"", ""71"", ""165"", ""8"", ""221"", ""8"", ""10"", ""10"", ""14"", ""14"", ""60"", ""71"", ""152"", ""180"", 
""160"", ""312"", ""56"", ""23"", ""96"", ""155"", ""57"", ""44"", ""115"", ""29"", ""11"", ""15"", ""61"", ""6"", ""14"", ""42"", ""409"", ""261"", ""82"", ""25"", NA, NA, ""364"", ""193"", ""63"", ""93"", ""185"", ""56""), author = c(""Kitching"", NA, ""Mowat"", ""Fernández"", ""Smith"", ""Vangrysperre"", ""Baxi"", ""Banér"", ""Lung"", ""Dill"", ""Nishi"", ""Ambagala"", ""Pinheiro-de-Oliveira"", ""Abd El Wahed"", ""Reid"", ""Vandenbussche"", ""Rios"", ""Goller"", ""Hole"", ""Armson"", ""Armson"", ""Erickson"", ""Chen"", ""Ding"", ""Yamazaki"", ""Lim"", ""Ranjan"", ""Howson"", ""Farooq"", ""Guan"", ""Madhanmohan"", 
""Meyer"", ""Höfner"", ""Laor"", ""Smith"", ""Moonen"", ""Callahan"", ""Reid"", ""El-Shehawy"", ""Howson"", ""Fontél"", ""Notomi"", ""Mori"", ""Dukes"", ""Li"", ""Waters"", ""Maryam"", ""Gadkar"", ""Kasanga"", ""Pega"", ""Senthilkumaran"", ""Wong"", ""Wong"", ""Cao"", ""Cao"", ""Hosamani"", ""Biswal"", ""Bhatt"", ""Muller"", ""Veerasami"", ""Ko"", ""Chen"", ""Sridevi"", ""Ferris"", ""Ferris"", ""Shimmon"", ""Chen"", ""Chitray"", ""Fowler"", ""Fowler"", ""Morioka"", ""Robiolo"", ""Sharma"", ""Ko"", ""Ko"", ""Dash"", ""Li"", ""Kang"", ""Biswal"", ""Ran"", ""Yang"", ""Gelkop"", ""Dong"", ""Dong"", ""Engvall"", 
""Coons"", ""Aydin"", ""Ferris"", NA, ""Abu Elzein"", ""Crowther"", ""Roeder"", ""Elzein"", ""Hamblin"", ""Meloen"", ""Meloen"", ""McCullough"", ""Mackay"", ""Tekleghiorghis"", ""Paiba"", ""Valarcher"", ""Sangar"", ""Cao"", ""van Maanen"", ""Smitsaar"", ""Samuel"", ""Smitsaart"", ""Tosh"", ""Morioka"", ""Holliger"", ""de Marco"", ""McCullough"", ""Grubman"", ""Mackay"", ""Paton"", ""De Diego"", ""Bronsvoort"", ""Bruderer"", ""Clavijo"", ""Moonen"", ""Armstrong"", ""Foord"", ""Lu"", ""Bronsvoort"", ""Ayebazibwe"", ""Mackay"", ""McVicar"", ""Alonso"", ""O'Donnell"", ""Sørensen"", ""Hema"", 
""Liu"", ""Liu"", ""Brocchi"", ""Lee"", ""Henderson"", ""Li"", ""Grubman"", ""Rieder"", ""Taboga"", ""Knight-Jones"", ""Lau"", ""Alvarez"", ""Jiang"", ""Jiang"", ""Oem"", ""Ferris"", ""Chen"", ""Yang"", ""Lin"", ""Yang"", ""Wu"", ""Yang"", ""Morioka"", ""Wang"", ""Liu"", ""Koczula"", ""Sithigorngul"", ""Cui"", ""Ferris"", ""Zhou"", ""Zhang"", ""Zhao"", ""Jiang"", ""Reid"", ""Ferris"", ""Sammin"", ""Jamal"", ""Yang"", ""Maradei"", ""Amada"", ""Zhuang"", ""Yan"", ""Yang"", ""Yang"", ""Sun"", ""Cheng"", ""Wang"", ""Samuel"", ""Steinfeld"", NA, NA, ""Paton"", ""Madi"", ""Knight-Jones"", ""Gao"", ""Sharma"", 
""Paton""), year = c(""2003"", NA, ""1972"", ""2008"", ""2012"", ""1996"", ""2006"", ""2007"", ""2011"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2018"", ""2019"", ""2018"", ""2019"", ""2018"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2018"", ""2014"", ""2017"", ""2015"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""1991"", ""1993"", ""1992"", ""2009"", ""2003"", ""2002"", ""2002"", ""2011"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""2000"", ""2001"", ""2006"", ""2009"", ""2014"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2017"", ""2013"", ""2018"", ""2013"", ""2018"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2018"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2009"", 
""2013"", ""2014"", ""2005"", ""2011"", ""2016"", ""2011"", ""2018"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2015"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2019"", ""2012"", ""2018"", ""2015"", ""2019"", ""2016"", ""2018"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""1972"", ""1941"", ""2015"", ""1988"", NA, ""1978"", ""1979"", ""1987"", ""1979"", ""1986"", ""1979"", ""1980"", ""1985"", ""2001"", ""2014"", ""2004"", ""2008"", ""1977"", ""2014"", ""1990"", ""1990"", ""1991"", ""1994"", ""1999"", ""2009"", ""2005"", ""2011"", ""1992"", ""1993"", ""1998"", ""2006"", ""1997"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2012"", 
""1998"", ""1970"", ""1990"", ""1996"", ""1998"", ""2007"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2005"", ""2014"", ""2005"", ""1994"", ""1997"", ""2016"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2015"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""2015"", ""2018"", ""2018"", ""2016"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2012"", ""2009"", ""2006"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""2001"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2013"", ""2007"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""2019"", ""2015"", ""2016"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2001"", ""2006"", NA, NA, ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2016"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2009""), journal.title = c(""Rev Sci Tech."", 
NA, ""Vet Rec."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""BMC Vet Res."", ""Arch Virol."", ""Vet J."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""PLoS ONE."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Front Vet Sci."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Vet Microbiol."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Virol J."", ""J Vet Sci."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Virus Dis."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", 
""Iran J Vet Res."", ""Asian J Anim Vet Adv."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""FEMS Microbiol Ecol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Am Vet Med Assoc."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Life Sci J."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Nucleic Acids Res."", ""Biochem Biophys Res Commun."", ""Arch Virol."", ""Bing Du Xue Bao."", ""PLoS ONE."", ""Turk J Vet. Anim. Sci."", ""Sci Rep."", ""Onderstepoort J Vet Res."", ""J Virol."", ""Can J Vet Res."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Appl Microbiol Biotechnol."", 
""Antiviral Res."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Arch Virol."", ""Biologicals."", ""Virus Res."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""New Microbiol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother."", ""Eur J Microbiol Immunol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""PLoS ONE."", ""J Vet Med Sci."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Vaccine."", ""Vaccine."", ""J Vet Diagn Invest."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Biologicals."", ""Clin Vaccine Immunol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Anim Biotechnol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""BMC Vet Res."", ""J Virol Methods."", 
""Appl Microbiol Biotechnol."", ""Virol J."", ""Front Vet Sci"", ""Lab Chip."", ""Anal Sci."", ""J Immunol."", ""Proc Soc Exp Biol Med."", ""Peptides."", ""Vet Microbiol."", NA, ""J Hyg."", ""J Gen Virol."", ""Res Vet Sci."", ""J Hyg."", ""J Immunol Methods."", ""J Gen Virol."", ""J Gen Virol."", ""J Immunol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Clin Vaccine Immunol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""J Gen Virol."", ""Vet Microbiol."", ""Vet Microbiol."", ""Vet Immunol Immunopathol."", ""Biologicals."", ""Zentralbl Veterinarmed B."", 
""Acta Virol."", ""J Clin Microbiol."", ""Nat Biotechnol."", ""Microb Cell Fact."", ""J Virol."", ""Vaccine."", ""Vet Q."", ""Vaccine."", ""Arch Virol."", ""J Clin Microbiol."", ""Vet Microbiol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Vet Microbiol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Immunol Methods."", ""Vet Microbiol."", ""Clin Vaccine Immunol."", ""J Vet Diagn Invest."", ""Vaccine."", ""Am J Epidemiol."", ""Prev Vet Med."", ""J Vet Diagn Invest."", ""Arch Virol."", ""Vaccine."", ""Clin. Vaccine Immunol."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Vaccine."", ""Vet Microbiol."", 
""Biologicals."", ""Vet Res."", ""Biologicals."", ""J Virol."", ""J Virol."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Vet Microbiol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Virol Sin."", ""Clin Vaccine Immunol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Vet Med Sci."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Virol J."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Virol J."", ""Virol J."", ""PLoS ONE."", ""BMC Vet Res."", ""BMC Vet Res."", ""Essays Biochem."", ""J Microbiol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""J Immunol Methods."", ""J Agric Food Chem."", ""Chinese J Cell Mol Immunol."", 
""J Virol Methods."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Vet Res."", ""Vet Immunol Immunopathol."", ""Vaccine."", ""Virol J."", ""BMC Vet Res."", ""Lett Appl Microbiol."", ""Sci Rep."", ""Virol J."", ""Mol Cell Probes."", ""Anal Bioanal Chem."", ""J. Virol. Methods."", ""J Gen Virol."", ""Rev Sci Tech."", NA, NA, ""Philos Trans R Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci."", ""Vet J."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis."", ""Appl Microbiol Biotechnol."", ""J Virol Methods."", ""Transbound Emerg Dis.""), unstructured = c(NA, ""Foot & Mouth Disease (FMD)2018"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""LinchongsubongkochW OIE Reference Laboratory Reports Activities2018"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019 [Online].2019"", ""Preparation of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Contigency Plans: Early Warning Contingency Planning for FMD2002"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.3389/fvets.2020.00477","2020-08-21",NA,"NULL","list(date = ""2020-08-21"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/crossmark-policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Wong","2020","Wong et al., 2020"
"Microorganisms","2020-09-23","2024-07-03",NA,"10.3390/microorganisms8101460","2025-02-21","2076-2607","10","2020-09-23","1968","1460","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","41","41","6","Interlaboratory Validation of a Detection Method for Hepatitis E Virus RNA in Pig Liver","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101460","8","<jats:p>Background: In the last years, the number of notified hepatitis E cases in humans has continuously increased in Europe. Foodborne infection with the zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 is considered the major cause of this disease. Undercooked liver and raw sausages containing the liver of pigs and wild boar are at high risk of containing HEV. However, so far, no standardized method for the detection of HEV-RNA in pig liver is available. Methods: An international collaborative study on method reproducibility involving 11 laboratories was performed for an HEV-RNA detection method, which consists of steps of sample homogenization, RNA extraction and real-time RT-PCR detection, including a process control. Naturally contaminated pork liver samples containing two different amounts of HEV and a HEV-negative pork liver sample were tested by all laboratories using the method. Results: Valid results were retrieved from 10 laboratories. A specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 79% were calculated for the method. False negative results were only retrieved from the sample containing very low HEV amounts near the detection limit. Conclusions: The results show that the method is highly specific, sufficiently sensitive and robust for use in different laboratories. The method can, therefore, be applied to routine food control as well as in monitoring studies.</jats:p>","Microorganisms","list(given = c(""Eva"", ""Matthias"", ""Dominik"", ""Anja"", ""Sabine"", ""Jochen"", ""Kornelia"", ""Sascha"", ""Ulrich"", ""Anne"", ""Nadine"", ""Dietrich"", ""Reimar""), family = c(""Trojnar"", ""Contzen"", ""Moor"", ""Carl"", ""Burkhardt"", ""Kilwinski"", ""Berghof-Jäger"", ""Mormann"", ""Schotte"", ""Kontek"", ""Althof"", ""Mäde"", ""Johne""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany"", 
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""Zentrales Institut des Sanitätsdienstes der Bundeswehr Kiel, 24119 Kronshagen, Germany"", ""Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, 26133 Oldenburg, Germany"", ""German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany"", ""Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz Sachsen-Anhalt, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany"", ""German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany""), ORCID = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9597-6724""
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""10.1007/s12560-019-09405-0"", ""10.1007/s12560-018-9340-x"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.09.013"", ""10.1016/j.jcv.2011.06.006"", ""10.1099/vir.0.82613-0"", ""10.1111/jvh.13396"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.02.018"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2019.02990"", ""10.1111/tbed.12661"", ""10.3201/eid2301.161169"", ""10.3201/eid1902.121255"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-70.12.2889"", NA, ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.01.016"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.11.014"", NA, ""10.1007/s12560-018-9360-6"", ""10.1007/s12560-019-09407-y"", ""10.1016/j.fm.2018.06.019"", 
""10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.07.004"", ""10.1128/JCM.43.9.4551-4557.2005"", ""10.1038/nprot.2008.73"", NA, ""10.1073/pnas.94.18.9860"", ""10.3201/eid0706.010608"", ""10.1007/s12560-017-9303-7"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.06.008"", NA), article.title = c(""Zoonotic hepatitis E: Animal reservoirs and emerging risks"", NA, ""Hepatitis E virus"", ""Hepeviridae: An expanding family of vertebrate viruses"", ""Recent knowledge on hepatitis E virus in Suidae reservoirs and transmission routes to human"", ""Pathogenesis and treatment of hepatitis e virus infection"", 
""Hepatitis E virus infection in Europe: Surveillance and descriptive epidemiology of confirmed cases, 2005 to 2015"", ""Zoonotic transmission of hepatitis E virus from deer to human beings"", ""Pig liver sausage as a source of hepatitis E virus transmission to humans"", ""From barnyard to food table: The omnipresence of hepatitis E virus and risk for zoonotic infection and food safety"", ""Severe Hepatitis E Virus Infection after Ingestion of Uncooked Liver from a Wild Boar"", ""Hepatitis E virus transmission from wild boar meat"", 
""Hepatitis E virus in pork food chain, United Kingdom, 2009–2010"", ""Detection of Hepatitis E Virus in Livers and Muscle Tissues of Wild Boars in Italy"", ""Screening of Ready-to-Eat. Meat Products for Hepatitis E Virus in Switzerland"", ""Detection of hepatitis E virus RNA in raw sausages and liver sausages from retail in Germany using an optimized method"", ""Detection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from porcine livers in Southeastern Germany and high sequence homology to human HEV isolates"", ""Detection and characterization of infectious Hepatitis E virus from commercial pig livers sold in local grocery stores in the USA"", 
NA, ""Monitoring of pork liver and meat products on the Dutch market for the presence of HEV RNA"", ""Occurrence of Hepatitis E Virus in Pigs and Pork Cuts and Organs at the Time of Slaughter, Spain, 2017"", ""Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis E virus strains circulating in wild boars in south-central Italy"", ""Hepatitis E Virus in Wild Boars and Spillover Infection in Red and Roe Deer, Germany, 2013–2015"", ""Hepatitis E virus in pork liver sausage, France"", ""Hepatitis E virus RNA in commercial porcine livers in The Netherlands"", 
""Hepatitis E virus in pork production chain in Czech. Republic, Italy, and Spain, 2010"", ""Method for HEV detection in raw pig liver products and its implementation for naturally contaminated food"", ""Validation of EN ISO method 15216—Part. 1—Quantification of hepatitis A virus and norovirus in food matrices"", NA, ""Interlaboratory Validation of a Method for Hepatitis E Virus RNA Detection in Meat and Meat Products"", ""No Evidence of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Farmed Deer in Germany"", ""Analysis of frozen strawberries involved in a large norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak using next generation sequencing and digital PCR"", 
""A broadly reactive one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for rapid and sensitive detection of hepatitis E virus"", ""Use of bacteriophage MS2 as an internal control in viral reverse transcription-PCR assays"", ""Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method"", NA, ""A novel virus in swine is closely related to the human hepatitis E virus"", ""Hepatitis E virus sequences in swine related to sequences in humans, The Netherlands"", ""Potential Approaches to Assess. the Infectivity of Hepatitis E Virus in Pork Products: A Review"", 
""Comparison of two extraction methods for viruses in food and application in a norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak"", NA), volume = c(""41"", NA, ""13"", ""27"", ""48"", ""142"", ""22"", ""362"", ""202"", ""161"", ""188"", ""11"", ""18"", ""12"", ""10"", ""215"", ""52"", ""88"", NA, ""296"", ""10"", ""65"", ""23"", ""19"", ""72"", ""18"", ""176"", ""288"", NA, ""11"", ""12"", ""76"", ""131"", ""43"", ""3"", NA, ""94"", ""7"", ""9"", ""169"", NA), author = c(""Pavio"", NA, ""Emerson"", ""Johne"", ""Pavio"", ""Wedemeyer"", ""Aspinall"", ""Tei"", ""Colson"", ""Meng"", ""Matsuda"", ""Li"", ""Berto"", 
""Amoroso"", ""Moor"", ""Szabo"", ""Wenzel"", ""Feagins"", NA, ""Boxman"", ""Valero"", ""Aprea"", ""Szabo"", ""Berto"", ""Bouwknegt"", ""Vasickova"", ""Guillier"", ""Lowther"", NA, ""Althof"", ""Trojnar"", ""Bartsch"", ""Jothikumar"", ""Dreier"", ""Schmittgen"", NA, ""Meng"", ""Verschoor"", ""Cook"", ""Scherer"", NA), year = c(""2010"", NA, ""2003"", ""2014"", ""2017"", ""2012"", ""2017"", ""2003"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2003"", ""2005"", ""2012"", ""2020"", ""2018"", ""2015"", ""2011"", ""2007"", NA, ""2019"", ""2020"", ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2013"", ""2007"", ""2012"", ""2014"", ""2019"", NA, 
""2019"", ""2020"", ""2018"", ""2006"", ""2005"", ""2008"", NA, ""1997"", ""2001"", ""2017"", ""2010"", NA), journal.title = c(""Vet. Res."", NA, ""Rev. Med. Virol."", ""Infect. Genet. Evol."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Gastroenterology"", ""Eurosurveillance"", ""Lancet"", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Virus Res."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Food Environ. Virol."", ""Food Environ. Virol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""J. Clin. Virol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", NA, ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Front. Microbiol."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", 
""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", NA, ""Food Environ. Virol."", ""Food Environ. Virol."", ""Food Microbiol."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Nat. Protoc."", NA, ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Food Environ. Virol."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", NA), unstructured = c(NA, ""World Health Organization (WHO) (2020, July 24). Hepatitis E. Available online: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-e."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Pallerla, S.R., Schembecker, S., Meyer, C.G., Linh, L.T.K., Johne, R., Wedemeyer, H., Bock, C.T., Kremsner, P.G., and Velavan, T.P. (2020). Hepatitis E virus genome detection in commercial pork livers and pork meat products in Germany. J. Viral Hepat."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Price-Hayward, M., and Hartnell, R. (2016). Summary Report of Joint Scientific Workshop on Foodborne Viruses, EFSA Supporting Publications."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""International Standardization Organization (ISO) (2019). Microbiology of the Food Chain—Horizontal Method for Determination of Hepatitis A Virus and Norovirus Using Real-Time RT-PCR, International Standardization Organization (ISO). ISO 15216:2019."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""International Standardization Organization (ISO) (2011). Microbiology of Food and Animal Feeding Stuffs—Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the Detection and Quantification of Food-Borne Pathogens—Performance Characteristics, International Standardization Organization (ISO). ISO 22118:2011.""
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""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0420"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0425"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0430"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0435"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0440"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0445"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0450"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0455"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0460"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0465"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0470"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0475"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0480"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0485"", 
""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0490"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0495"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0500"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0505"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0510"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0515"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0520"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0525"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0530"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0535"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0540"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0545"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0550"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0555"", 
""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0560"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0565"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0570"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0575"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0580"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0585"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0590"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0595"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0600"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0605"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0610"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0615"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0620"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0625"", 
""10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.040_bib0630""), first.page = c(""251"", ""293"", ""53"", ""365"", ""1"", ""166"", ""158"", ""207"", ""337"", ""555"", ""49"", ""285"", ""285"", ""223"", ""1512"", ""265"", ""84"", ""315"", ""497"", ""40"", ""153"", ""39"", NA, ""209"", ""715"", ""213"", ""423"", ""800"", ""565"", ""299"", ""15"", ""22"", ""2498"", ""143"", ""25"", ""550"", ""193"", ""34"", ""169"", ""41"", ""541"", ""484"", ""49"", ""303"", ""191"", ""143"", ""181"", ""223"", NA, ""681"", ""1228"", ""3"", ""169"", ""439"", ""4233"", ""4795"", ""279"", ""480"", ""13"", ""295"", ""1"", ""1975"", ""1924"", ""219"", NA, ""3872"", ""458"", 
""209"", ""2149"", ""873"", NA, ""68"", ""3"", ""401"", ""91"", ""271"", ""809"", ""404"", ""385"", NA, ""74"", ""99"", ""773"", ""176"", ""1021"", ""359"", ""290"", ""12535"", ""233"", ""1325"", ""199"", ""193"", ""530"", ""419"", ""181"", ""303"", NA, ""599"", ""59"", ""89"", ""171"", ""169"", ""67"", ""203"", ""208"", ""261"", ""275"", ""75"", ""23"", ""125"", ""371"", ""71"", ""279"", ""27"", ""181"", ""10"", ""219"", ""51"", ""84"", ""30"", ""781"", ""207"", ""5337"", ""5"", ""136"", ""225""), article.title = c(""Serological and virological studies on the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in Algeria. Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin"", 
""Pro and contra IBR-eradication"", ""The DNA of an IPV strain of bovid herpesvirus 1 in sacral ganglia during latency after intravaginal infection"", ""Eradication of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in Switzerland: Review and prospects"", ""The surveillance and control programme for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) and infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV) in Norway, Annual Reports 2009"", ""The seroprevalence of BHV-1 infection on selected dairy cattle herds in Turkey"", ""Outbreak of bovine virus diarrhea on Dutch dairy farms induced by a bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccine contaminated with bovine virus diarrhea virus type 2"", 
""Studies on the pathogenicity of bovine herpesvirus type 5 in sheep"", ""Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus infection in bulls, with special reference to preputial infection"", ""Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in the canton of Jura: An epidemiological outbreak investigation"", ""Using scenario tree modelling for targeted herd sampling to substantiate freedom from disease"", ""Prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1 in the Belgian cattle population"", ""Risk factors for bovine herpesvirus-1 seropositivity"", 
""An attenuated bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccine induces a better protection than two inactivated marker vaccines"", ""Inactivated bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccines are more efficacious in reducing virus excretion after reactivation than a live marker vaccine"", ""An inactivated gE-negative marker vaccine and an experimental gD-subunit vaccine reduce the incidence of bovine herpesvirus 1 infections in the field"", ""Seroprevalence and risk factors associated to bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) infection in non- vaccinated dairy and dual purpose cattle herds in Ecuador"", 
""A serological survey of bovine herpesvirus-1 infection in selected dairy herds in northern and central Italy"", ""Serological survey for bovine herpesvirus 1 in cattle from different regions in the state of Bahia, Brazil"", ""Aspects of bovine herpesvirus-1 infection in dairy and beef herds in the Republic of Ireland"", ""A comparative study of serological tests for use in the bovine herpesvirus 1 eradication programme in The Netherlands"", ""Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine herpesvirus 1 infection in cattle herds in the state of Paraná, Brazil"", 
NA, ""Isolation of a glycoprotein E-deleted bovine herpesvirus type 1 strain in the field"", ""Concepts of infectious disease epidemiology"", ""A study of the predominant genotypes of bovid herpesvirus 1 found in the U.K"", ""Genomic and pathogenic studies on a glycoprotein E variant field isolate of bovine herpesvirus 1"", ""Prevalence of serum antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 in cattle in Galicia (NW Spain)"", ""Neutralizing antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1 in reindeer"", ""Isolation of a herpesvirus serologically related to bovine herpesvirus 1 from a reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)"", 
""Identification and monitoring of IBR-free herds in the French IBR certification programme"", ""Discussion"", ""Detection of bovine herpesvirus type 1 in blood from naturally infected cattle by using a sensitive PCR that discriminates between wild-type virus and virus lacking glycoprotein E"", ""Dynamics of individual animal bovine herpes virus-1 antibody status on 9 commercial dairy herds"", ""Neutralizing antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) and bovine parainfluenza-3 (PI-3) viruses in cattle in Tunisia"", 
""Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV1) infection in non-vaccinated cattle herds in Andalusia (south of Spain)"", ""Modelling the effect of surveillance programmes on spread of bovine herpesvirus 1 between certified cattle herds"", ""Prevalence of serum antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus in beef cattle in Uruguay"", ""Population dynamics of bovine herpesvirus 1 infection in a dairy herd"", ""Sheep do not have a major role in bovine herpesvirus 1 transmission"", 
""Transmission of bovine herpesvirus 1 within and between herds on an island with a BHV1 control programme"", ""Within-herd BHV-1 prevalence prediction from an ELISA on bulk milk"", ""Prevalence and control measures of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in Lithuania"", ""Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) is an important cofactor in the bovine respiratory disease complex"", ""Early immunity induced by a live gE-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccine"", ""Virulence and immunogenicity in calves of thymidine kinase- and glycoprotein E-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 mutants"", 
""BVDV and BHV-1 infections in dairy herds in northern and northeastern Thailand"", ""Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections in dairy herds: Self clearance and the detection of seroconversions against a new atypical pestivirus"", NA, ""Enhancement of the immune response and virological protection of calves against bovine herpesvirus type 1 with an inactivated gE-deleted vaccine"", ""Improved antigenic methods for differential diagnosis of bovine, caprine, and cervine alphaherpesviruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1"", 
""Experience with the gE serodiagnostics"", ""Evaluation of tests for antibodies against bovine herpesvirus 1 performed in national reference laboratories in Europe"", ""Transmission of IBR/IPV virus in bovine semen: A case report"", ""Production of bovine herpesvirus type 1-seronegative latent carriers by administration of a live-attenuated vaccine in passively immunized calves"", ""Latency and reactivation of a glycoprotein E negative bovine herpesvirus type 1 vaccine: Influence of virus load and effect of specific maternal antibodies"", 
""Prevalence of antibodies to bovid herpesvirus 1 (IBR-IPV), bovine virus diarrhoea, bovine respiratory syncytial parainfluenza 3, adeno A and adeno B viruses in indigenous and imported Moroccan cattle"", ""A live bovine herpesvirus-1 marker vaccine is not shed after intramuscular vaccination"", ""Europe's progress in IBR virus eradication"", ""Efficacy of a live bovine herpesvirus type 1 marker vaccine under field conditions in three countries"", ""Airborne transmission of bovine herpesvirus 1 infections in calves under field conditions"", 
""A gE-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine strain is not re-excreted nor transmitted in an experimental cattle population after corticosteroid treatments"", ""Efficacy of a live glycoprotein E-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine in cattle in the field"", ""A comparison of different models for assessing variations in the sero-prevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis by farm, area and district in Kenya"", NA, ""Superinfection prevents recombination of the alphaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 1"", 
""Abortifacient property of bovine herpesvirus type 1 isolates that represent three subtypes determined by restriction endonuclease analysis of viral DNA"", ""The prevalence of serum neutralizing antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in Scotland"", ""Intraspecific bovine herpesvirus 1 recombinants carrying glycoprotein E deletion as a vaccine marker are virulent in cattle"", ""The prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1 in traditional cattle in Southern Province, Zambia"", NA, ""Dynamics of infection and immunity in a dairy cattle population undergoing an eradication programme for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)"", 
""Epidemiology and eradication of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IBR/IPV) virus in Finland"", ""Reintroduction of bovine herpes virus type 1 into Danish cattle herds during the period 1991-1995: A review of the investigations in the infected herds"", ""A retrospective evaluation of a bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) antibody ELISA on bulk-tank milk samples for classification of the BHV-1 status of Danish dairy herds"", ""Seroprevalence to bovine virus diarrhoea virus and other viruses of the bovine respiratory complex in Venezuela (Apure State)"", 
""Herd and within-herd BoHV-1 prevalence among Irish beef herds submitting bulls for entry to a performance testing station"", ""Characteristics of live bovine herpesvirus-1 vaccines"", ""Prevalence of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus and other viruses in bulk tank milk in England and Wales"", NA, ""Seroepidemiology of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) infection among Estonian dairy herds and risk factors for the spread within herds"", ""Dynamics of bovine herpesvirus type 1 infection in Estonian dairy herds with and without a control programme"", 
""Seroprevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and type 2 in non-vaccinated cattle herds in the Pacific Region of Central Costa Rica"", ""Policy-driven development of cost-effective, risk-based surveillance strategies"", ""Prevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in southern India"", ""Survey of Neospora caninum and bovine herpes virus 1 coinfection in cattle"", ""Improving the sensitivity of the IBR-gE ELISA for testing IBR marker vaccinated cows from bulk milk"", 
""Rise and survival of bovine herpesvirus 1 recombinants after primary infection and reactivation from latency"", ""Seroconversion to bovine viral diarrhoea virus and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in dairy herds of Michoacan, Mexico"", ""Latency and reactivation of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in goats and of caprine herpesvirus 1 (CapHV-1) in calves"", ""Seroprevalence of and risk factors for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in beef cattle herds of Yucatan, Mexico"", ""Bulk milk testing for antibody seroprevalences to BVDV and BHV-1 in a rural region of Peru"", 
""Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus. History and recent developments"", ""Advances in BHV1 (IBR) research"", ""A gE deleted infectious bovine rhinotracheitis marker vaccine for use in improved bovine herpesvirus 1 control programs"", ""Prevalence of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) infection in Hungarian cattle herds"", NA, ""Parturition as a stimulus of IBR virus reactivation"", ""Reactivation of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus by transport"", ""Recombination in alphaherpesviruses"", ""Recombination in the alphaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 1"", 
""Ruminant alphaherpesviruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1"", ""Isolation and reactivation of bovid herpesvirus 1 in goats"", ""Prevalence of brucellosis and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in organized dairy farms in India"", ""Conventional and marked BHV-1 vaccines in Germany: A brief review"", ""BHV-1: New molecular approaches to control a common and widespread infection"", ""Rationale and perspectives on the success of vaccination against bovine herpesvirus-1"", ""The use of marker vaccines in eradication of herpesviruses"", 
""An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies against glycoprotein gE of bovine herpesvirus 1 allows differentiation between infected and vaccinated cattle"", ""Risk factors for existence of bovine herpes virus 1 antibodies on nonvaccinating Dutch dairy farms"", ""Application of survival analysis to identify management factors related to the rate of BHV1 seroconversions in a retrospective study of Dutch dairy farms"", ""Risk factors for introduction of BHV1 into BHV1-free Dutch dairy farms: A case-control study"", 
""Probability of and risk factors for introduction of infectious diseases into Dutch SPF dairy farms: A cohort study"", ""Surveillance of ruminant diseases in the Nordic countries"", ""Epidemiological characteristics of bovine herpesvirus 1 infections determined by bulk milk testing of all Dutch dairy herds"", ""Qualification and monitoring of IBR-free herds in the Belgian eradication programme"", ""An epidemiological and economic simulation model to evaluate the spread and control of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in The Netherlands"", 
""Simulated hazards of losing infection-free status in a Dutch BHV1 model"", ""Reaction of goats to infection with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus"", ""Risk of infection with bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV1): A review"", ""Characterization of bovine herpesviruses isolated from six sheep and four goats by restriction endonuclease analysis and radioimmunoprecipitation"", ""Latency and reactivation of a thymidine kinase-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 deletion mutant"", ""Persistence and reactivation of bovine herpesvirus 1 in the tonsils of latently infected calves"", 
""A four year longitudinal sero-epidemiological study of bovine herpesvirus type-1 (BHV-1) in adult cattle in 107 unvaccinated herds in south west England"", ""Serological survey of bovine herpesvirus type 1 infection in China"", ""A review of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, shipping fever pneumonia and viral-bacterial synergism in respiratory disease of cattle""), volume = c(""43"", ""113"", ""9"", ""23"", NA, ""156"", ""126"", ""22"", ""26"", ""152"", ""16"", ""45"", ""69"", ""52"", ""15"", ""16"", ""100"", ""20"", ""37"", ""53"", ""61"", 
""60"", NA, ""153"", NA, ""22"", ""24"", ""7"", ""23"", ""27"", NA, NA, ""37"", ""93"", ""67"", ""7"", ""79"", ""85"", ""53"", ""57"", ""130"", ""140"", NA, ""26"", ""53"", ""48"", ""45"", ""182"", NA, ""152"", ""42"", NA, ""102"", ""25"", ""38"", ""19"", ""16"", ""120"", ""6"", ""161"", ""76"", ""18"", ""19"", ""32"", NA, ""78"", ""52"", ""86"", ""87"", ""22"", NA, ""85"", ""49"", ""39"", ""47"", ""41"", ""61"", ""169"", ""142"", NA, ""96"", ""171"", ""43"", ""105"", ""15"", ""100"", ""125"", ""77"", ""42"", ""146"", ""57"", ""56"", ""28"", ""108"", ""53"", ""47"", NA, ""116"", ""10"", ""15"", ""113"", ""37"", ""13"", ""42"", ""116"", ""5"", 
""113"", ""44"", ""67"", ""34"", ""60"", ""23"", ""54"", ""94"", ""142"", NA, ""36"", ""62"", ""39"", ""15"", ""49"", ""122"", ""74"", ""5"", ""127"", ""46""), author = c(""Achour"", ""Ackermann"", ""Ackermann"", ""Ackermann"", ""Åkerstedt"", ""Alkan"", ""Barkema"", ""Belák"", ""Bitsch"", ""Blickenstorfer"", ""Blickenstorfer"", ""Boelaert"", ""Boelaert"", ""Bosch"", ""Bosch"", ""Bosch"", ""Carbonero"", ""Castrucci"", ""Cerqueira"", ""Cowley"", ""de Wit"", ""Dias"", NA, ""Dispas"", ""Dohoo"", ""Edwards"", ""Egyed"", ""Eiras"", ""Ek-Kommonen"", ""Ek-Kommonen"", ""Eliot"", ""Franken"", ""Fuchs"", 
""Geraghty"", ""Ghram"", ""Gonzalez-Garcia"", ""Graat"", ""Guarino"", ""Hage"", ""Hage"", ""Hage"", ""Hartman"", ""Jacevičius"", ""Jones"", ""Kaashoek"", ""Kaashoek"", ""Kampa"", ""Kampa"", ""Kerkhofs"", ""Kerkhofs"", ""Keuser"", ""Körber"", ""Kramps"", ""Kupferschmied"", ""Lemaire"", ""Lemaire"", ""Mahin"", ""Makoschey"", ""Makoschey"", ""Makoschey"", ""Mars"", ""Mars"", ""Mars"", ""McDermott"", NA, ""Meurens"", ""Miller"", ""Msolla"", ""Muylkens"", ""Mweene"", NA, ""Nardelli"", ""Nuotio"", ""Nylin"", ""Nylin"", ""Obando"", ""O'Grady"", ""Patel"", ""Paton"", NA, ""Raaperi"", ""Raaperi"", 
""Raizman"", ""Reist"", ""Renukaradhya"", ""Rinaldi"", ""Schroeder"", ""Schynts"", ""Segura-Correa"", ""Six"", ""Solis-Calderon"", ""Ståhl"", ""Straub"", ""Straub"", ""Strube"", ""Tekes"", NA, ""Thiry"", ""Thiry"", ""Thiry"", ""Thiry"", ""Thiry"", ""Tolari"", ""Trangadia"", ""Trapp"", ""Turin"", ""van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk"", ""van Oirschot"", ""van Oirschot"", ""van Schaik"", ""van Schaik"", ""van Schaik"", ""van Schaik"", ""Valsson"", ""Van Wuijckhuise"", ""Vanopdenbosch"", ""Vonk Noordegraaf"", ""Vonk Noordegraaf"", ""Wafula"", ""Wentink"", ""Whetstone"", ""Whetstone"", 
""Winkler"", ""Woodbine"", ""Yan"", ""Yates""), year = c(""1996"", ""2006"", ""1984"", ""1990"", ""2010"", ""2005"", ""2001"", ""1999"", ""1973"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2000"", ""2005"", ""1996"", ""1997"", ""1998"", ""2011"", ""1997"", ""2000"", ""2011"", ""1998"", ""2013"", NA, ""2003"", ""2009"", ""1990"", ""2000"", ""2009"", ""1982"", ""1986"", ""1997"", ""1997"", ""1999"", ""2012"", ""1990"", ""2009"", ""2001"", ""2008"", ""1996"", ""1997"", ""2003"", ""1997"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""1996"", ""1996"", ""2004"", ""2009"", NA, ""2003"", ""2004"", ""1997"", ""2004"", ""1986"", ""2000"", ""2001"", ""1985"", ""2007"", 
""2007"", ""2007"", ""2000"", ""2000"", ""2001"", ""1997"", NA, ""2004"", ""1991"", ""1981"", ""2006"", ""2003"", NA, ""2008"", ""2007"", ""1998"", ""2000"", ""1999"", ""2008"", ""2005"", ""1998"", NA, ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""1996"", ""2007"", ""2012"", ""2003"", ""2010"", ""2001"", ""2003"", ""2002"", ""1975"", ""2001"", ""1996"", ""1999"", NA, ""1985"", ""1987"", ""2005"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""1991"", ""2010"", ""2003"", ""1999"", ""2006"", ""1996"", ""1997"", ""1998"", ""1999"", ""2001"", ""2002"", ""2001"", ""1998"", ""1997"", ""1998"", ""2004"", ""1985"", ""1993"", ""1988"", ""1992"", ""2000"", 
""2009"", ""2008"", ""1982""), journal.title = c(""Reihe B"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", NA, ""Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire"", ""Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde"", ""Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"", ""Applied Microbiology"", ""Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde"", ""BMC Veterinary Research"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Vaccine"", ""Vaccine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", 
""Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"", ""Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", NA, ""Veterinary Record"", NA, ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Research Communications"", ""Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", NA, NA, ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", 
""Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis"", ""Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""Veterinary Record"", NA, ""Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", ""The Veterinary Journal"", NA, ""Veterinary Record"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", NA, ""Veterinary Microbiology"", 
""Theriogenology"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Vaccine"", ""Annals of Veterinary Research"", ""Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift"", ""International Dairy Topics"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Vaccine"", ""Vaccine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", NA, ""Journal of Virology"", ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Journal of Hygiene"", ""Journal of General Virology"", ""Revue Scientifique et Technique (Office International des Epizooties)"", NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", 
""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Irish Veterinary Journal"", ""The Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Record"", NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Revue Scientifique et Technique (Office International des Epizooties)"", ""Parasitology Research"", ""Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift"", ""Journal of Virology"", 
""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", ""Archives of Virology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Developments in Biological Standardization"", ""Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Acta Veterinaria Hungarica"", NA, ""Veterinary Record"", ""Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"", ""Reviews in Medical Virology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Veterinary Research"", ""Microbiologica"", ""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", 
""Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift"", ""Molecular Medicine"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Journal of Biotechnology"", ""Journal of Virological Methods"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Livestock Production Science"", ""Veterinary Quarterly"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", ""Veterinary Record"", NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""Veterinary Quarterly"", ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", 
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""Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations, World Organization for Animal Health (2015) Global Strategy for the Control and Eradication of PPR. FAO and OIE, Ivory Coast"", ""Dhar P, Sreenivasa BP, Barrett T et al (2002) Recent epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). Vet Microbiol 88:153–159"", ""Albina E, Kwiatek O, Minet C et al (2013) Peste des petits ruminants, the next eradicated animal disease? Vet Microbiol 165:38–44. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.12.013"", ""Banyard AC, Parida S, Batten C et al (2010) Global distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus and prospects for improved diagnosis and control. J Gen Virol 91:2885–2897. doi:10.1099/vir.0.025841-0"", 
""Libeau G, Kwiatek O, Lancelot R, Albina E (2011) Peste des petits ruminants, growing incidence worldwide. French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), BIOS Department, Control of Exotic and Emerging Animal Diseases, Montpellier"", ""Sen A, Saravanan P, Balamurugan V et al (2010) Vaccines against peste des petits ruminants virus. Expert Rev Vaccines 9:785–796. doi:10.1586/erv.10.74"", ""Singh RK, Balamurugan V, Bhanuprakash V et al (2009) Possible control and eradication of peste des petits ruminants from India: technical aspects. Vet Ital 45:449–462"", 
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""Diallo A, Taylor WP, Lefèvre PC, Provost A (1989) Atténuation d’une souche de virus de la peste des petits ruminants: candidat pour un vaccin homologue. Rev Elev Méd vét Pays Trop 42:311–317"", ""Choi K-S, Nah J-J, Choi C-U et al (2003) Monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA for simultaneous detection of rinderpest virus and peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies. Vet Microbiol 96:1–16""), journal.title = c(""Transbound Emerg Dis"", ""Vet Microbiol"", NA, NA, ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", 
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"BMC Microbiology","2022-10-21","2022-10-21",NA,"10.1186/s12866-022-02669-w","2025-05-02","1471-2180","1","2022-10-21","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","31","31","4","Evaluation of diagnostic performance of H-based blocking ELISA for specific detection of peste des petits ruminants in domestic sheep, goats, cattle and camels","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-022-02669-w","22","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>
                <jats:title>Introduction</jats:title>
                <jats:p>Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) causes a highly devastating disease of sheep and goats, peste des petits ruminants (PPR), which is targeted for global control and eradication by 2030. The serological diagnostic tool kits for accurate diagnosis of PPR have inherent strengths and weaknesses that require parallel validation and optimization across animal species. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate diagnostic performance of haemagglutinin based PPR blocking ELISA (HPPR- b-ELISA), that was developed by Africa Union Pan African Veterinary Vaccine Center for specific detection of anti- PPRV antibodies.</jats:p>
              </jats:sec><jats:sec>
                <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
                <jats:p>In preliminarily investigation, diagnostic performance of the HPPR-b-ELISA®, commercial PPR competition ELISA (c-ELISA) and virus neutralization test (VNT) were compared for the detection of anti-PPRV antibodies in goats, sheep, cattle and camels.</jats:p>
              </jats:sec><jats:sec>
                <jats:title>Results</jats:title>
                <jats:p>The sensitivity and specificity of HPPR- b-ELISA® were 79.55 and 99.74%, respectively, compared to c-ELISA. The HPPR- b-ELISA® was in perfect agreement (κ = 0.86) with the c-ELISA in all sera collected from goats, sheep and cattle. There was almost perfect agreement between the species of goats (κ = 0.82) and sheep (κ = 0.98), while the agreement was substantial in cattle (κ = 0.78) and no agreement was observed in camels (κ = 0.00). Similarly, the sensitivity and specificity of the HPPR b-ELISA were 80 and 96.36%, respectively compared to VNT with almost perfect agreement in goats (κ = 0.83) and sheep (κ = 0.89), moderate in cattle (κ = 0.50) and none in camels (κ = 0.00).</jats:p>
              </jats:sec><jats:sec>
                <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>
                <jats:p>Our study revealed that HPPR- b-ELISA is a suitable and valid method that can alternatively be used for screening and monitoring of PPR in sheep, goats and cattle except for camels.</jats:p>
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""Graves M, Griffin DE, Johnson RT, Hirsch RL, De Soriano IL, Roedenbeck S, et al. Development of antibody to measles virus polypeptides during complicated and uncomplicated measles virus infections. J Virol. 1984;49(2):409–12."", ""Jacobson RH. Validation of serological assays for diagnosis of infectious diseases. Revue Scientifique Et Technique-Office International Des Epizooties. 1998;17:469–86."", ""Saliki JT, Libeau Gv, House JA, Mebus CA, Dubovi EJ. Monoclonal antibody-based blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for specific detection and titration of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus antibody in caprine and ovine sera. J Clin Microbiol. 1993;31(5):1075–82."", 
""Vinayagamurthy B, Naidu GG, Roy P. Peste Des Petits Ruminant Virus. Emerging and Transboundary Animal Viruses. Springer; 2020. pp. 315–43."", ""Munir M, Zohari S, Berg M. Immunology and immunopathogenesis of peste des petits ruminants virus. Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus. Springer; 2013. pp. 49–68.""), journal.title = c(""Viruses"", ""Viruses"", ""Acta Vet Scand"", ""J Virol Methods"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Virus Res"", ""Intervirology"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", 
""PLoS ONE"", NA, ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""Arch Virol"", ""Res Vet Sci"", NA, ""Trop Anim Health Prod"", ""Biochemia medica: Biochemia medica"", ""Fam med"", NA, NA, ""Viruses"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Viruses"", ""Viruses"", NA, ""Virology"", ""J Virol"", ""Revue Scientifique Et Technique-Office International Des Epizooties"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", NA, NA))","2669","2022-10-21","en","NULL","list(date = c(""2022-10-21"", ""2022-10-21""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"", ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0""))","http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy","list(value = c(""3 June 2022"", ""5 October 2022"", ""10 October 2022"", ""21 October 2022"", NA, ""The approval was obtained from Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture animal research ethics review committee (Approved ID: VM/ERC/27/01/12/20). The livestock owners’ that were included in this study were informed about the purpose and benefits of the study, and informed consent was obtained from the livestock owners’ for use of blood samples from their animals. All methods were performed in accordance with the guidelines and regulations of College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture of Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia. The study is reported in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines."", 
""Not applicable."", ""The authors have declared that no competing interest exist.""), order = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4), name = c(""received"", ""revised"", ""accepted"", ""first_online"", ""Ethics"", ""Ethics"", ""Ethics"", ""Ethics""), label = c(""Received"", ""Revised"", ""Accepted"", ""First Online"", NA, NA, NA, NA), group.name = c(""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""EthicsHeading"", ""EthicsHeading"", ""EthicsHeading"", ""EthicsHeading""), group.label = c(""Article History"", ""Article History"", 
""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Declarations"", ""Ethics approval and consent to participate"", ""Consent for publication"", ""Competing interests""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Lelisa","2022","Lelisa et al., 2022"
"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","2020-06-05","2023-02-09","2020-11","10.1111/tbed.13660","2025-06-13","1865-1674,1865-1682","6","2020-07-02","311","2881-2891","10.1155","Wiley","1","Crossref","39","39","6","Comparative evaluation of different antigen detection methods for the detection of peste des petits ruminants virus","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13660","67",NA,"Transbound. Emerg. Dis.","list(given = c(""Sabrina"", ""Sunitha"", ""Rubeena"", ""Ulrich"", ""Thomas C."", ""Martin"", ""Bernd""), family = c(""Halecker"", ""Joseph"", ""Mohammed"", ""Wernery"", ""Mettenleiter"", ""Beer"", ""Hoffmann""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Institute of Diagnostic Virology Greifswald‐Insel Riems Germany"", ""Central Veterinary Research Laboratory Dubai United Arab Emirates"", ""Central Veterinary Research Laboratory Dubai United Arab Emirates"", 
""Central Veterinary Research Laboratory Dubai United Arab Emirates"", ""Friedrich‐Loeffler‐Institut Greifswald‐Insel Riems Germany"", ""Institute of Diagnostic Virology Greifswald‐Insel Riems Germany"", ""Institute of Diagnostic Virology Greifswald‐Insel Riems Germany""), ORCID = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0598-5254"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5358-6445""), authenticated.orcid = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, FALSE, FALSE))","list(URL = c(""https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Ftbed.13660"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.13660"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/tbed.13660"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.13660""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(""OIE"", NA, ""Abubakar M."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""ID.Vet."", ""ID.Vet."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(""2019"", NA, ""2011"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2019"", ""2019"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
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""10.1016/0378-1135(95)00026-7"", ""10.1186/s12917-016-0940-0"", ""10.1007/s13337-013-0188-2"", ""10.1007/s11259-006-3331-3"", ""10.1007/s13337-014-0208-x"", ""10.1099/vir.0.025841-0"", ""10.1111/tbed.12266"", ""10.1016/bs.aivir.2016.02.001"", ""10.1099/jgv.0.000944"", ""10.1136/vr.d3947"", ""10.1038/s41598-019-41232-y"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.09.003"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.03.002"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(01)00386-X"", ""10.1017/S0950268805003729"", ""10.3390/v11080724"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.09.009"", ""10.20506/rst.36.2.2668"", 
NA, NA, ""10.3390/v12040389"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0149982"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0156110"", ""10.3390/v6062287"", ""10.1038/s41598-018-35636-5"", ""10.2527/af.2014-0003"", ""10.3390/v11080699"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.08.009"", ""10.3390/v11030249"", ""10.4103/0301-4738.37595"", ""10.1111/tbed.12117"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0055830"", ""10.1007/s00705-016-3009-2"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.05.010""), issue = c(NA, NA, ""2"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, ""Comparison of antigen detection methods of peste des petits ruminants virus in clinical samples of small ruminants"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, ""14"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, ""Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1111/tbed.13660","2020-07-02","en","NULL","list(date = c(""2020-07-02"", ""2020-07-02""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""tdm""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"", ""http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1""))","https://doi.org/10.1002/crossmark_policy","list(value = c(""2019-12-22"", ""2020-05-28"", ""2020-07-02""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))","Portico",NA,"NULL",NA,"Halecker","2020","Halecker et al., 2020"
"PLOS ONE","2022-01-25","2022-01-25",NA,"10.1371/journal.pone.0262944","2025-05-14","1932-6203","1","2022-01-25","340","e0262944","10.1371","Public Library of Science (PLoS)","1","Crossref","37","37","0","An intercomparison study of ELISAs for the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus – evaluating six conditionally dependent tests","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262944","17","<jats:p>Latent class analysis is a widely used statistical method for evaluating diagnostic tests without any gold standard. It requires the results of at least two tests applied to the same individuals. Based on the resulting response patterns, the method estimates the test accuracy and the unknown disease status for all individuals in the sample. An important assumption is the conditional independence of the tests. If tests with the same biological principle are used, the assumption is not fulfilled, which may lead to biased results. In a recent publication, we developed a method that considers the dependencies in the latent class model and estimates all parameters using frequentist methods. Here, we evaluate the practicability of the method by applying it to the results of six ELISA tests for antibodies against the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in pigs that generally follow the same biological principle. First, we present different methods of identifying suitable starting values for the algorithm and apply these to the dataset and a vaccinated subgroup. We present the calculated values of the test accuracies, the estimated proportion of antibody-positive animals and the dependency structure for both datasets. Different starting values led to matching results for the entire dataset. For the vaccinated subgroup, the results were more dependent on the selected starting values. All six ELISA tests are well suited to detect antibodies against PRRS virus, whereas none of the tests had the best values for sensitivity and specificity simultaneously. The results thus show that the method used is able to determine the parameter values of conditionally dependent tests with suitable starting values. The choice of test should be based on the general fit-for-purpose concept and the population under study.</jats:p>","PLoS ONE","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9234-190X"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(TRUE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""Clara"", ""Jens"", ""Britta"", ""Anja"", ""Lothar"", ""Amely""), family = c(""Schoneberg"", ""Böttcher"", ""Janowetz"", ""Rostalski"", ""Kreienbrock"", ""Campe""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262944"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(issue = c(""133"", NA, ""3"", ""1"", ""3"", ""1"", ""1"", NA, ""2"", ""9"", ""2–4"", NA, ""1–2"", NA, NA, ""1"", ""1"", ""18"", NA, NA, ""2"", ""4"", NA, ""1–2"", NA, NA, ""2"", NA, NA, ""1"", ""1"", ""1"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1–2""), key = c(""pone.0262944.ref001"", ""pone.0262944.ref002"", ""pone.0262944.ref003"", ""pone.0262944.ref004"", ""pone.0262944.ref005"", ""pone.0262944.ref006"", ""pone.0262944.ref007"", ""pone.0262944.ref008"", ""pone.0262944.ref009"", ""pone.0262944.ref010"", ""pone.0262944.ref011"", ""pone.0262944.ref012"", ""pone.0262944.ref013"", 
""pone.0262944.ref014"", ""pone.0262944.ref015"", ""pone.0262944.ref016"", ""pone.0262944.ref017"", ""pone.0262944.ref018"", ""pone.0262944.ref019"", ""pone.0262944.ref020"", ""pone.0262944.ref021"", ""pone.0262944.ref022"", ""pone.0262944.ref023"", ""pone.0262944.ref024"", ""pone.0262944.ref025"", ""pone.0262944.ref026"", ""pone.0262944.ref027"", ""pone.0262944.ref028"", ""pone.0262944.ref029"", ""pone.0262944.ref030"", ""pone.0262944.ref031"", ""pone.0262944.ref032"", ""pone.0262944.ref033"", ""pone.0262944.ref034"", ""pone.0262944.ref035"", 
""pone.0262944.ref036"", ""pone.0262944.ref037""), article.title = c(""Comparitive ORF and whole genome sequencing analysis of the porcine preproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in routine samples reveal a recombinant virus strain"", NA, ""Mystery swine disease in The Netherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus"", ""Diagnosis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome"", ""Characterization of the humoral immune response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infection"", 
""Gradual development of the interferon-γ response of swine to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection or vaccination"", ""Comparison of different commercial ELISAs for detection of antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum"", NA, ""Evaluating diagnostic tests with imperfect standards"", ""Estimation of test error rates, disease prevalence and relative risk from misclassified data: a review"", ""Estimation of diagnostic-test sensitivity and specificity through Bayesian modeling"", 
""Estimating the error rates of diagnostic tests"", ""“TAGS”, a program for the evaluation of test accuracy in the absence of a gold standard"", NA, NA, ""Bayesian approaches to modeling the conditional dependence between multiple diagnostic tests"", ""Correlation-adjusted estimation of sensitivity and specificity of two diagnostic tests"", ""Estimating disease prevalence in the absence of a gold standard"", ""Latent variable modeling of diagnostic accuracy"", ""Random effects models in latent class analysis for evaluating accuracy of diagnostic tests"", 
""Network UNCIBTM. Latent class modeling approaches for assessing diagnostic error without a gold standard: with applications to p53 immunohistochemical assays in bladder tumors"", ""Estimating diagnostic accuracy of raters without a gold standard by exploiting a group of experts"", ""A pseudo-likelihood approach for estimating diagnostic accuracy of multiple binary medical tests"", ""Log-linear and logistic modeling of dependence among diagnostic tests"", ""An iterative, frequentist approach for latent class analysis to evaluate conditionally dependent diagnostic tests"", 
NA, ""Comparison of two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the diagnosis of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection"", ""Comparison of commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and fluorescent microbead immunoassays for detection of antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in boars"", ""Comparison of two commercial ELISA systems for the detection of PRRSV-specific antibodies with a gold standard ELISA"", ""Ability of ELISAs to detect antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum of pigs after inactivated vaccination and subsequent challenge"", 
""Performance of ELISAs for detection of antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum of pigs after PRRSV type 2 live vaccination and challenge"", ""Performance of assays for testing antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in sera collected from swine farms in a region with an extreme virus heterogeneity"", ""Comparison of six commercial ELISAs for the detection of antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in field serum samples"", 
""Evaluation of three commercial porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) oral fluid antibody ELISAs using samples of known status"", NA, NA, ""Conditional dependence between tests affects the diagnosis and surveillance of animal diseases""), author = c(""L Brühl-Schneider"", ""JK Lunney"", ""G Wensvoort"", ""WL Mengeling"", ""K-J Yoon"", ""WA Meier"", ""T Sattler"", ""IR Dohoo"", ""PN Valenstein"", ""SD Walter"", ""A Branscum"", ""SL Hui"", ""R Pouillot"", ""LM Collins"", ""B Markey"", ""N Dendukuri"", ""MP Georgiadis"", 
""MA Black"", ""I Yang"", ""Y Qu"", ""PS Albert"", ""B Zhang"", ""W Liu"", ""TE Hanson"", ""C Schoneberg"", NA, ""I Díaz"", ""PF Gerber"", ""W Sipos"", ""T Sattler"", ""T Sattler"", ""U Karniychuk"", ""K Biernacka"", ""A Henao-Diaz"", ""IA Gardner"", ""MR O’Gorman"", ""IA Gardner""), year = c(""2020"", ""2010"", ""1991"", ""1995"", ""1995"", ""2003"", ""2014"", ""2009"", ""1990"", ""1988"", ""2005"", ""1980"", ""2002"", ""2009"", ""2013"", ""2001"", ""2003"", ""2002"", ""1997"", ""1996"", ""2001"", ""2012"", ""2015"", ""2000"", ""2021"", NA, ""2012"", ""2014"", ""2009"", ""2016"", ""2015"", 
""2014"", ""2018"", ""2019"", ""2019"", ""2008"", ""2000""), journal.title = c(""Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift"", NA, ""Veterinary Quarterly"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""Virology"", ""BMC veterinary research"", NA, ""American Journal of Clinical Pathology"", ""Journal of clinical epidemiology"", ""Preventive veterinary medicine"", ""Biometrics"", ""Preventive veterinary medicine"", NA, NA, ""Biometrics"", ""Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics)"", 
""Statistics in Medicine"", ""Biometrics"", ""Biometrics"", ""Biometrics"", ""Biometrics"", ""Computational Statistics & Data Analysis"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Frontiers in Veterinary Science"", NA, ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""Journal of virological methods"", ""Wien Tierärztl Mschr-Vet Med Austria"", ""BMC veterinary research"", ""Porcine Health Management"", ""Acta Veterinaria"", ""Research in veterinary science"", ""Research in veterinary science"", ""Design, statistical analysis and reporting standards for test accuracy studies for infectious diseases in animals: progress, challenges and recommendations. Preventive veterinary medicine"", 
NA, ""Preventive veterinary medicine""), volume.title = c(NA, ""Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: an update on an emerging and re-emerging viral disease of swine"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary epidemiologic research"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Latent class and latent transition analysis: With applications in the social, behavioral, and health sciences"", ""Clinical veterinary microbiology e-book"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Handbook of human immunology"", 
NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref""), first.page = c(NA, NA, ""121"", ""3"", ""305"", ""18"", ""300"", NA, ""252"", ""923"", ""145"", ""167"", ""67"", NA, NA, ""158"", 
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NA, ""10.1002/sim.1178"", ""10.2307/2533555"", ""10.2307/2533043"", ""10.1111/j.0006-341X.2001.00610.x"", ""10.1111/j.1541-0420.2012.01789.x"", ""10.1016/j.csda.2014.11.006"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00120-3"", ""10.3389/fvets.2021.588176"", NA, ""10.1177/1040638711435804"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.12.001"", NA, ""10.1186/s12917-016-0888-0"", ""10.1186/s40813-015-0015-9"", ""10.2478/acve-2014-0005"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.10.005"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.05.019"", NA, ""10.1201/9781420003710"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(00)00119-7""), 
    volume = c(NA, NA, ""13"", ""7"", ""7"", ""309"", ""10"", NA, ""93"", ""41"", ""68"", NA, ""53"", NA, NA, ""57"", ""52"", ""21"", NA, NA, ""57"", ""68"", ""84"", ""45"", ""8"", NA, ""24"", ""197"", ""96"", ""12"", ""1"", ""64"", ""121"", ""125"", ""162"", NA, ""45""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""R Development Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2019."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
    NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2022-01-25","en","list(name = ""Free State of Bavaria and the Bavarian Joint Founding Scheme for the Control and Eradication of contagious Livestock Diseases"")","list(date = ""2022-01-25"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Schoneberg","2022","Schoneberg et al., 2022"
"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","2012-12-06","2025-04-23","2013-02","10.1128/jcm.02685-12","2025-06-09","0095-1137,1098-660X","2","2013-02","235","547-556","10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","27","27","32","Comparison of Commercial Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR Assays for Reliable, Early, and Rapid Detection of Heterologous Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Experimentally Infected or Noninfected Boars by Use of Different Sample Types","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02685-12","51","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>The aims of this study were to compare three commercial porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays for detection of genetically diverse PRRSV isolates in serum, semen, blood swabs, and oral fluids collected from experimentally infected boars and to evaluate the effects of sample pooling. Six groups of three boars negative for PRRSV were each inoculated with one of six PRRSV isolates (sharing 55 to 99% nucleotide sequence identity in ORF5). Samples were collected on days −2, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 21 postinoculation (p.i.) and tested by one of three commercially available real-time RT-PCR assays (VetMax from Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA [abbreviated AB]; VetAlert from Tetracore, Rockville, MD [TC]; and AcuPig from AnDiaTec GmbH, Kornwestheim, Germany [AD]). At day 1 p.i., all assays detected at least one positive sample in each group. The highest detection rates were on days 3 and 5 p.i. Between days 1 and 7 p.i., serum samples had the highest detection rate (90%) with 100% agreement between tests, followed by blood swabs (kappa value of 0.97) and semen (kappa value of 0.80). Oral fluids had the lowest detection rates (AB, 55%; TC, 41%; AD, 46%) and the highest disagreement between kits (kappa value of 0.63). Pools of five samples did not reduce the detection rates if there was one positive sample with a large amount (cycle threshold, &lt;30) of viral RNA in the pool. Serum and blood swab samples had shorter turnaround times for RNA extraction. The AB assay had a 1.6-times-shorter PCR time. In summary, serum and blood swabs had the best performance with highest detection rates and agreement between assays and the shortest turnaround times.</jats:p>","J Clin Microbiol","list(given = c(""Priscilla F."", ""Kevin"", ""Olajide"", ""Chong"", ""Karen"", ""Jianqiang"", ""Patrick G."", ""Lei"", ""Xiang-Jin"", ""Tanja""), family = c(""Gerber"", ""O'Neill"", ""Owolodun"", ""Wang"", ""Harmon"", ""Zhang"", ""Halbur"", ""Zhou"", ""Meng"", ""Opriessnig""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA"", 
""Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA"", ""Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA"", NA, ""Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA"", ""Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA"", ""Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA"", 
""Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA"", ""Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA"", ""Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA""
), affiliation1.name = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), affiliation2.name = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JCM.02685-12"", ""https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JCM.02685-12""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_3_2_2_2"", ""e_1_3_2_3_2"", ""e_1_3_2_4_2"", ""e_1_3_2_5_2"", ""e_1_3_2_6_2"", ""e_1_3_2_7_2"", ""e_1_3_2_8_2"", ""e_1_3_2_9_2"", ""e_1_3_2_10_2"", ""e_1_3_2_11_2"", ""e_1_3_2_12_2"", ""e_1_3_2_13_2"", ""e_1_3_2_14_2"", ""e_1_3_2_15_2"", ""e_1_3_2_16_2"", ""e_1_3_2_17_2"", ""e_1_3_2_18_2"", ""e_1_3_2_19_2"", ""e_1_3_2_20_2"", ""e_1_3_2_21_2"", ""e_1_3_2_22_2"", ""e_1_3_2_23_2"", ""e_1_3_2_24_2"", ""e_1_3_2_25_2"", ""e_1_3_2_26_2"", ""e_1_3_2_27_2"", ""e_1_3_2_28_2""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Clinical consequences of exposing pregnant gilts to strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus isolated from field cases of “atypical” PRRS"", NA, NA, NA, ""Update on abortion storms and sow mortality"", NA, ""Effects of a modified-live virus vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in boars"", NA, ""Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in semen and serum of boars during the first six days after inoculation"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""MengelingWL LagerKM VorwaldAC. 1998. Clinical consequences of exposing pregnant gilts to strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus isolated from field cases of “atypical” PRRS. Am. J. Vet. Res. 59:1540–1544."", NA, NA, NA, ""HalburP BushE. 1997. Update on abortion storms and sow mortality. Swine Health Prod. 5:73."", NA, ""Christopher-HenningsJ NelsonEA NelsonJK BenfieldDA. 1997. Effects of a modified-live virus vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in boars. Am. J. Vet. Res. 58:40–45."", 
NA, ""ReicksDL Muñoz-ZanziC MengelingW Christopher-HenningsJ LagerK PolsonD DeeS RossowK. 2006. Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in semen and serum of boars during the first six days after inoculation. Swine Health Prod. 14:35–41."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, ""Swine Health Prod."", NA, NA, NA, ""Swine Health Prod."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", NA, NA, NA, ""Swine Health Prod."", NA, ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", NA, ""Swine Health Prod."", NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1128/JCM.02685-12",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2013-02-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"")","https://doi.org/10.1128/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","list(value = c(""2012-10-08"", ""2012-11-26"", ""2013-01-25""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Gerber","2013","Gerber et al., 2013"
"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","2023-11-30","2024-01-04","2024-02","10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082","2024-07-04","0167-5877",NA,"2024-02","78","106082","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","21","21","0","Comparison of a novel rapid sampling method to serum and tonsil scraping to detect PRRSV in acutely infected sows","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082","223",NA,"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","list(given = c(""Peng"", ""Ana Paula Serafini Poeta"", ""Daniel Carnevale de Almeida"", ""Paul"", ""Onyekachukwu Henry"", ""Edison Souza"", ""Gustavo"", ""Daniel Correia Lima""), family = c(""Li"", ""Silva"", ""Moraes"", ""Yeske"", ""Osemeke"", ""Magalhães"", ""De Sousa E Silva"", ""Linhares""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587723002465?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587723002465?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib1"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib2"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib3"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib4"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib5"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib6"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib7"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib8"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib9"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib10"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib11"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib12"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082_bib13"", 
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""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.08.011"", ""10.1186/s12917-017-1172-7"", ""10.1128/MRA.00448-21"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.09.006"", ""10.1128/JCM.41.1.58-62.2003""), article.title = c(""Collecting oral fluid samples from due-to-wean litters"", ""Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome surveillance in breeding herds and nurseries using tongue tips from dead animals"", ""collection of oral fluid from individually housed sows"", ""Understanding and interpreting PRRSV diagnostics in the context of \""disease transition stages\"""", 
""Guidelines for oral fluid-based surveillance of viral pathogens in swine"", ""Characterization of the carrier state in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection"", ""Emergence of a new lineage 1C variant of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 in the United States"", NA, ""Comparison of time to PRRSv-stability and production losses between two exposure programs to control PRRSv in sow herds"", ""Role of neutralizing antibodies in PRRSV protective immunity"", ""Considerations in the use of processing fluids for the detection of PRRSV RNA and antibody"", 
""Practical aspects of PRRSV RNA detection in processing fluids collected in commercial swine farms"", ""Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV): pathogenesis and Interaction with the immune system"", ""Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus RNA detection in tongue tips from dead animals"", ""Use of a novel serum ELISA method and the tonsil-carrier state for evaluation of Mycoplasma hyosynoviae distributions in pig herds with or without clinical arthritis"", ""Review on the transmission porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus between pigs and farms and impact on vaccination"", 
""Individual and pen-based oral fluid sampling: a welfare-friendly sampling method for group-housed gestating sows"", ""Longitudinal study of Senecavirus a shedding in sows and piglets on a single United States farm during an outbreak of vesicular disease"", ""Complete coding genome sequence of a novel porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 restriction fragment length polymorphism 1-4-4 lineage 1C variant identified in Iowa, USA"", ""Use of processing fluids and serum samples to characterize porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus dynamics in 3 day-old pigs"", 
""Duration of infection and proportion of pigs persistently infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus""), volume = c(""174"", ""8"", ""23"", ""131"", ""6"", ""86"", ""8"", NA, ""116"", ""102"", ""34"", ""180"", ""4"", ""9"", ""111"", ""47"", ""147"", ""13"", ""10"", ""225"", ""41""), author = c(""Almeida"", ""Baliellas"", ""Brent Pepin"", ""Henao-Diaz"", ""Henao-Diaz"", ""Horter"", ""Kikuti"", NA, ""Linhares"", ""Lopez"", ""Lopez"", ""Lopez"", ""Lunney"", ""Machado"", ""Nielsen"", ""Pileri"", ""Pol"", ""Tousignant"", ""Trevisan"", ""Vilalta"", ""Wills""
), year = c(""2020"", ""2021"", ""2015"", ""2020"", ""2020"", ""2002"", ""2021"", NA, ""2014"", ""2004"", ""2022"", ""2020"", ""2016"", ""2022"", ""2005"", ""2016"", ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2021"", ""2018"", ""2003""), journal.title = c(""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Sci."", ""J. Swine Health Prod."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Porc. Health Manag."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Front Vet. Sci."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci."", ""Front Vet. Sci."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Res."", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0167587723002465",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = c(""2024-02-01"", ""2024-02-01"", ""2024-02-01"", ""2024-02-01"", ""2024-02-01"", ""2024-02-01""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""stm-asf"", ""stm-asf"", ""stm-asf"", ""stm-asf"", ""stm-asf""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), URL = c(""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"", ""https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-017"", ""https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-037"", ""https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-012"", ""https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-029"", ""https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-004""))","http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""Comparison of a novel rapid sampling method to serum and tonsil scraping to detect PRRSV in acutely infected sows"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106082"", ""article"", ""© 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", ""Journal Title"", ""CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"", 
""Content Type"", ""Copyright""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Li","2024","Li et al., 2024"
"Vaccines","2021-06-04","2024-07-13",NA,"10.3390/vaccines9060594","2025-05-29","2076-393X","6","2021-06-03","1968","594","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","49","49","8","Comparison of Primary Virus Isolation in Pulmonary Alveolar Macrophages and Four Different Continuous Cell Lines for Type 1 and Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9060594","9","<jats:p>Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) has a highly restricted cellular tropism. In vivo, the virus primarily infects tissue-specific macrophages in the nose, lungs, tonsils, and pharyngeal lymphoid tissues. In vitro however, the MARC-145 cell line is one of the few PRRSV susceptible cell lines that are routinely used for in vitro propagation. Previously, several PRRSV non-permissive cell lines were shown to become susceptible to PRRSV infection upon expression of recombinant entry receptors (e.g., PK15Sn-CD163, PK15S10-CD163). In the present study, we examined the suitability of different cell lines as a possible replacement of primary pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) cells for isolation and growth of PRRSV. The susceptibility of four different cell lines (PK15Sn-CD163, PK15S10-CD163, MARC-145, and MARC-145Sn) for the primary isolation of PRRSV from PCR positive sera (both PRRSV1 and PRRSV2) was compared with that of PAM. To find possible correlations between the cell tropism and the viral genotype, 54 field samples were sequenced, and amino acid residues potentially associated with the cell tropism were identified. Regarding the virus titers obtained with the five different cell types, PAM gave the highest mean virus titers followed by PK15Sn-CD163, PK15S10-CD163, MARC-145Sn, and MARC-145. The titers in PK15Sn-CD163 and PK15S10-CD163 cells were significantly correlated with virus titers in PAM for both PRRSV1 (p &lt; 0.001) and PRRSV2 (p &lt; 0.001) compared with MARC-145Sn (PRRSV1: p = 0.22 and PRRSV2: p = 0.03) and MARC-145 (PRRSV1: p = 0.04 and PRRSV2: p = 0.12). Further, a possible correlation between cell tropism and viral genotype was assessed using PRRSV whole genome sequences in a Genome-Wide-Association Study (GWAS). The structural protein residues GP2:187L and N:28R within PRRSV2 sequences were associated with their growth in MARC-145. The GP5:78I residue for PRRSV2 and the Nsp11:155F residue for PRRSV1 was linked to a higher replication on PAM. In conclusion, PK15Sn-CD163 and PK15S10-CD163 cells are phenotypically closely related to the in vivo target macrophages and are more suitable for virus isolation and titration than MARC-145/MARC-145Sn cells. The residues of PRRSV proteins that are potentially related with cell tropism will be further investigated in the future.</jats:p>","Vaccines","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3374-6605"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-9756"", NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1694-2620"", NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2849-5140"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6674-1157"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4528-541X"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-0713""), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, FALSE, NA, FALSE, NA, FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE), given = c(""Jiexiong"", ""Nick"", ""Sebastiaan"", ""Dayoung"", ""Nathalie"", ""Ivan"", ""Jannes"", 
""Philip"", ""Caroline"", ""Christian"", ""Chantale"", ""Carl A."", ""Hans""), family = c(""Xie"", ""Vereecke"", ""Theuns"", ""Oh"", ""Vanderheijden"", ""Trus"", ""Sauer"", ""Vyt"", ""Bonckaert"", ""Lalonde"", ""Provost"", ""Gagnon"", ""Nauwynck""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium"", 
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""Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA)—Fonds de Recherche du Québec, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada"", ""Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA)—Fonds de Recherche du Québec, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada"", ""Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA)—Fonds de Recherche du Québec, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada"", 
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""10.1099/vir.0.2008/005009-0"", ""10.1038/srep25120"", ""10.1007/978-1-4615-1325-4_95"", ""10.1186/1472-6750-10-48"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-8-182"", ""10.1080/01652176.1991.9694296"", ""10.1099/0022-1317-81-5-1327"", ""10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.03.008"", ""10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a118408"", ""10.1093/bioinformatics/bty149"", ""10.1101/gr.215087.116"", ""10.1038/ncomms11307"", ""10.1128/JCM.00097-20"", ""10.1177/1040638720952411"", ""10.1093/bib/bbx108"", ""10.3390/v11010036"", ""10.1177/104063879300500204"", NA, ""10.1186/1743-422X-9-267"", 
""10.1128/JCM.01757-20"", ""10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.05.008"", ""10.1371/journal.ppat.1000730"", ""10.1073/pnas.0403127101"", ""10.1128/JVI.80.4.1653-1661.2006"", NA), article.title = c(""Changes to taxonomy and the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2018)"", ""Definition of subtypes in the European genotype of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Nucleocapsid characteristics and geographical distribution in Europe"", 
""Different clinical, virological, serological and tissue tropism outcomes of two new and one old Belgian type 1 subtype 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) isolates"", ""Molecular cloning of porcine Siglec-3, Siglec-5 and Siglec-10, and identification of Siglec-10 as an alternative receptor for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)"", ""Preferential use of Siglec-1 or Siglec-10 by type 1 and type 2 PRRSV strains to infect PK15S1–CD163 and PK15S10–CD163 cells"", 
""Phylogeny-Based Evolutionary, Demographical, and Geographical Dissection of North American Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses"", NA, ""Current knowledge on the structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus: Comparison of the North American and European isolates"", ""Safety and protective efficacy of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome recombinant virus vaccines in young pigs"", ""Adaptions of field PRRSVs in Marc-145 cells were determined by variations in the minor envelope proteins GP2a-GP3"", 
""Involvement of the Matrix Protein in Attachment of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus to a Heparinlike Receptor on Porcine Alveolar Macrophages"", ""Porcine Arterivirus Infection of Alveolar Macrophages Is Mediated by Sialic Acid on the Virus"", ""Homo-Oligomerization of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Nucleocapsid Protein and the Role of Disulfide Linkages"", ""Structure of the Nucleocapsid Protein of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus"", ""The structural biology of PRRSV"", 
""Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Interacts with Nsp9 and Cellular DHX9 To Regulate Viral RNA Synthesis"", ""Virus quantification and identification of cellular targets in the lungs and lymphoid tissues of pigs at different time intervals after inoculation with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)"", ""Effects of origin and state of differentiation and activation of mono-cytes/macrophages on their susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)"", 
""Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus productively infects monocyte-derived dendritic cells and compromises their antigen-presenting ability"", ""Phenotypic and functional modulation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", ""Isolation of Swine Infertility and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Isolate ATCC VR-2332) in North America and Experimental Reproduction of the Disease in Gnotobiotic Pigs"", ""Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syn-drome (PRRS) virus in a homogeneous subpopulation of MA-104 cell line"", 
""Involvement of Sialoadhesin in Entry of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus into Porcine Alveolar Macrophages"", NA, ""Sialoadhesin and CD163 join forces during entry of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", NA, ""Cloning and Identification of MARC-145 Cell Proteins Binding to 3’ UTR and Partial Nucleoprotein Gene of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus"", NA, NA, ""Mystery swine disease in the Netherlands: The isolation of Lelystad virus"", ""Effect of cellular changes and onset of humoral immunity on the replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the lungs of pigs"", 
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NA, ""Major genetic marker of nidoviruses encodes a replicative endoribonuclease"", ""Site-Directed Mutagenesis of the Nidovirus Replicative Endoribonuclease NendoU Exerts Pleiotropic Effects on the Arterivirus Life Cycle"", ""Nonstructural protein 11 (nsp11) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) promotes PRRSV infection in MARC-145 cells""), volume = c(""163"", ""153"", ""46"", ""98"", ""49"", ""84"", NA, ""145"", ""21"", ""222"", ""76"", ""78"", ""77"", ""11"", ""154"", ""90"", ""56"", ""142"", ""152"", ""129"", 
""4"", ""133"", ""77"", NA, ""89"", NA, ""494"", NA, NA, ""13"", ""81"", ""141"", ""27"", ""34"", ""27"", NA, NA, ""33"", ""20"", NA, ""5"", ""73"", NA, NA, ""148"", NA, ""101"", ""80"", ""12""), author = c(""King"", ""Stadejek"", ""Frydas"", ""Xie"", ""Xie"", ""Shi"", NA, ""Dea"", ""Verheije"", ""Zhang"", ""Delputte"", ""Delputte"", ""Wootton"", ""Doan"", ""Dokland"", ""Liu"", ""Duan"", ""Duan"", ""Wang"", ""Chang"", ""Collins"", ""Kim"", ""Vanderheijden"", NA, ""Delputte"", NA, ""Shanmukhappa"", NA, NA, ""Wensvoort"", ""Labarque"", ""Costers"", ""Reed"", ""Schultz"", ""Koren"", NA, NA, ""Gagnon"", 
""Katoh"", NA, ""Bautista"", ""Spronk"", NA, NA, ""Husmann"", NA, ""Ivanov"", ""Posthuma"", ""Shi""), year = c(""2018"", ""2008"", ""2015"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2010"", NA, ""2000"", ""2003"", ""2018"", ""2002"", ""2004"", ""2003"", ""2003"", ""2010"", ""2016"", ""1997"", ""1997"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""1992"", ""1993"", ""2003"", NA, ""2008"", NA, ""2001"", NA, NA, ""1991"", ""2000"", ""2011"", ""1938"", ""2018"", ""2017"", NA, NA, ""2021"", ""2019"", NA, ""1993"", ""2009"", NA, NA, ""2012"", NA, ""2004"", ""2006"", ""2016""), journal.title = c(""Arch. Virol."", ""Arch. Virol."", ""Veter. Res."", 
""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Veter. Res."", ""J. Virol."", NA, ""Arch. Virol."", ""Vaccine"", ""Veter. Microbiol."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", ""Structure"", ""Virus Res."", ""J. Virol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Arch. Virol."", ""Arch. Virol."", ""Veter. Microbiol."", ""J. Veter. Diagn. Investig."", ""Arch. Virol."", ""J. Virol."", NA, ""J. Gen. Virol."", NA, ""Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."", NA, NA, ""Vet. Q."", ""Microbiology"", ""Veter. Immunol. Immunopathol."", ""Am. J. Epidemiol."", ""Bioinformatics"", ""Genome Res."", NA, NA, ""J. Veter. Diagn. Investig."", 
""Brief. Bioinform."", NA, ""J. Veter. Diagn. Investig."", ""Can. J. Veter. Res. Rev. Can. Rech. Veter."", NA, NA, ""Veter. Immunol. Immunopathol."", NA, ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", ""J. Virol."", ""BMC Veter. Res.""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Lu, Z.H., Brown, A., Wilson, A.D., Calvert, J.G., Balasch, M., Fuentes-Utrilla, P., Loecherbach, J., Turner, F., Talbot, R., and Archibald, A.L. (2014). Genomic variation in macrophage-cultured European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Olot/91 revealed using ultra-deep next generation sequencing. Virol. J., 11."", 
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""LaLonde, C., Provost, C., and Gagnon, C.A. (2020). Whole-Genome Sequencing of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus from Field Clinical Samples Improves the Genomic Surveillance of the Virus. J. Clin. Microbiol., 58."", NA, NA, ""Xie, J., Trus, I., Oh, D., Kvisgaard, L.K., Rappe, J.C.F., Ruggli, N., Vanderheijden, N., Larsen, L.E., Lefèvre, F., and Nauwynck, H.J. (2019). A Triple Amino Acid Substitution at Position 88/94/95 in Glycoprotein GP2a of Type 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV1) Is Responsible for Adaptation to MARC-145 Cells. Viruses, 11."", 
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NA, ""Van Breedam, W., Van Gorp, H., Zhang, J.Q., Crocker, P.R., Delputte, P.L., and Nauwynck, H.J. (2010). The M/GP5 Glycoprotein Complex of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Binds the Sialoadhesin Receptor in a Sialic Acid-Dependent Manner. PLoS Pathog., 6."", NA, NA, NA))","vaccines9060594","2021-06-03","en","NULL","list(date = ""2021-06-03"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Xie","2021","Xie et al., 2021"
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""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.12.011_bib71"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.12.011_bib72"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.12.011_bib73"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.12.011_bib74"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.12.011_bib75"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.12.011_bib76"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.12.011_bib77"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.12.011_bib78""), first.page = c(""2229"", ""613"", ""142"", ""233"", ""25"", ""465"", ""1956"", ""1155"", ""618"", ""183"", ""272"", ""685"", ""1912"", ""10"", ""363"", ""355"", ""357"", ""837"", ""86"", ""409"", ""3"", ""1401"", ""91"", ""233"", ""424"", ""107"", 
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""Diagnostic accuracy of a Mycobacterium phlei-absorbed serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis in dairy cows"", ""Economic losses due to paratuberculosis in dairy cattle"", ""Use of age and milk production data to improve the ability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test results to predict Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis fecal culture status"", ""A comparison of the interferon gamma assay with the absorbed ELISA for the diagnosis of Johne's disease in cattle"", 
""Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of paratuberculosis in goats"", ""Abolish Mycobacterium paratuberculosis strain 18"", ""Comparison of proteosomes and antigenicities of secreted and cellular proteins produced by Mycobacterium paratuberculosis"", ""Comparison of the absorbed ELISA and agar gel immunodiffusion test with clinicopathological findings in ovine clinical paratuberculosis"", ""Paratuberculosis in cattle: a comparison of three serologic tests with results of fecal culture"", 
""Evaluation of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Johne's disease"", ""Evaluation of five antibody detection tests for diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis"", ""Consensus recommendations on diagnostic testing for the detection of paratuberculosis in cattle in the United States"", ""Statistical evaluation of ELISA methods for testing caprine paratuberculosis"", ""Susceptibility to Johne's disease in relation to age"", ""A Johne's disease survey"", ""Comparative sensitivity of various faecal culture methods and ELISA in dairy cattle herds with endemic Johne's disease"", 
""A highly sensitive and subspecies-specific surface antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of Johne's disease"", ""An evaluation of diagnostic tests for Johne's disease in cattle"", ""Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Swiss dairy cattle by culture and serology"", ""Epidemiologic issues in the validation of veterinary diagnostic tests"", ""Immunoglobulin G1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of Johne's disease in red deer (Cervus elaphus)"", ""Evaluation of a Pourquier ELISA kit in relation to agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test for assessment of the humoral immune response in sheep and goats with and without Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection"", 
""Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in ovine tissues and blood by the polymerase chain reaction"", ""Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays performed on milk and serum samples for detection of paratuberculosis in lactating dairy cows"", ""Comparison of a complement fixation test, a gel diffusion test and two absorbed and unabsorbed ELISAs for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in sheep"", ""Infection rates in reactors to an absorbed ELISA used in a test and cull program for bovine Johne's disease"", 
""Sensitivity and specificity of two serological tests for the detection of ovine paratuberculosis"", NA, ""Longitudinal study of interferon-gamma, serum antibody and milk antibody responses in cattle infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis"", ""Effect of a test and control program for Johne's disease in Victorian beef herds 1992–2002"", ""Estimate of the sensitivity of an ELISA used to detect Johne's disease in Victorian dairy cattle herds"", ""Evaluation of two absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and a complement fixation test as replacements for fecal culture in the detection of cows shedding Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis"", 
""Control of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in agricultural species"", ""Evaluation of serum and milk ELISAs for paratuberculosis in Danish dairy cattle"", ""Differential changes in heat shock protein-, lipoarabinomannan-, and purified protein derivative-specific immunoglobulin G1 and G2 isotype responses during bovine Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection"", ""Bayesian estimation of sensitivity and specificity of serum ELISA and faecal culture for diagnosis of paratuberculosis in Greek dairy sheep and goats"", 
""Relationship between antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk and shape of lactation curves"", ""A stochastic model simulating paratuberculosis in a dairy herd"", ""Sequential bacteriologic observations in relation to cell-mediated and humoral antibody responses of cattle infected with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and maintained on normal or high iron intake"", ""Comparison of milk and serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in dairy cattle"", 
NA, ""Evaluation of three ELISAs for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis using tissue and fecal culture as comparison standards"", ""An evaluation of selected screening tests for bovine paratuberculosis"", ""A modified ELISA for the detection of goats infected with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis"", ""The sensitivity and specificity of a modified ELISA for the diagnosis of Johne's disease from a field trial in cattle"", ""Use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of clinical paratuberculosis in goats. Study by Western blotting of false-positive reactions"", 
""Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies against Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in goats"", ""Genetic variation and heritability of the antibody response to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Danish Holstein cows"", ""Age at occurrence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in naturally infected dairy cows"", ""Age-specific characteristics of ELISA and fecal culture for purpose specific testing for paratuberculosis"", ""Purpose-related interpretation of diagnostic test-information used for bovine paratuberculosis."", 
""Comparison of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for serologic diagnosis of paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in cattle using different subspecies strains of Mycobacterium avium"", ""Maximum-likelihood estimation of sensitivity and specificity of ELISAs and faecal culture for diagnosis of paratuberculosis"", ""Contribution of environmental mycobacteria to false-positive serum ELISA results for paratuberculosis"", ""Application of different methods for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in a dairy cattle herd in Argentina"", 
""An estimate of specificity for a Johne's disease absorbed ELISA in northern Australian cattle"", ""Comparison of serological tests and faecal culture for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle and analysis of the antigens involved"", ""Sensitivity and specificity of the agar-gel-immunodiffusion test, ELISA and the skin test for detection of paratuberculosis in United States Midwest sheep populations"", ""Association of fecal shedding of mycobacteria with high ELISA-determined seroprevalence for paratuberculosis in beef herds"", 
""Evaluation of an absorbed ELISA and an agar-gel immuno-diffusion test for ovine paratuberculosis in sheep in Australia"", ""Evaluation of four serological tests for bovine paratuberculosis"", ""Evaluation of conventional and radiometric fecal culture and a commercial DNA probe for diagnosis of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infections in cattle"", ""Diagnostic performance of two serologic tests and fecal culture for subclinical paratuberculosis, and associations with production"", ""Transitions in immune responses to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis"", 
""Relationships between fecal culture, ELISA, and bulk tank milk test results for Johne's disease in US dairy herds"", ""Isolation of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis after oral inoculation in uninfected animals"", ""Diagnosis of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies against Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in milk"", ""Evaluation of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle"", ""Experimental Johne's disease in cattle"", 
""Comparison of IS900 tissue PCR, bacterial culture, johnin and serological tests for diagnosis of naturally occurring paratuberculosis in goats"", ""Estimating receiver operating characteristic curves with covariates when there is no perfect reference test for diagnosis of Johne's disease"", ""Early induction of humoral and cellular immune responses during experimental Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of calves"", ""Distribution of M. paratuberculosis in tissues of cattle from herds infected with Johne's disease"", 
""ELISA and fecal culture for paratuberculosis (Johne's disease): sensitivity and specificity of each method"", ""Specificity of absorbed ELISA and agar gel immuno-diffusion tests for paratuberculosis in goats with observations about use of these tests in infected goats"", ""Eradication of infectious diseases: a critical study"", ""Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in comparison with complement fixation test for the diagnosis of subclinical paratuberculosis in cattle""), volume = c(""44"", ""30"", 
""121"", ""18"", ""69"", ""55"", ""31"", ""13"", ""139"", ""19"", ""29"", ""12"", ""229"", ""2"", ""65"", ""63"", ""77"", ""13"", ""52"", ""146"", ""45"", ""12"", ""115"", ""57"", ""226"", ""41"", ""82"", ""78"", NA, ""104"", ""82"", ""82"", ""14"", ""20"", ""58"", ""69"", ""76"", ""62"", ""78"", ""66"", ""18"", NA, ""110"", ""55"", ""66"", ""25"", ""12"", ""52"", ""87"", ""89"", ""89"", NA, ""13"", ""53"", ""230"", ""50"", ""80"", ""66"", ""37"", ""230"", ""61"", ""30"", ""56"", ""13"", ""77"", ""85"", ""53"", ""55"", ""7"", ""63"", ""116"", ""89"", ""71"", NA, ""77"", ""81"", ""vol. 2"", ""53""), author = c(""Abbas"", ""Bech-Nielsen"", ""Benedictus"", 
""Berghaus"", ""Billman-Jacobe"", ""Burnside"", ""Chiodini"", ""Cho"", ""Clarke"", ""Colgrove"", ""Collins"", ""Collins"", ""Collins"", ""Dimareli-Malli"", ""Doyle"", ""Doyle"", ""Eamens"", ""Eda"", ""Egan"", ""Glanemann"", ""Greiner"", ""Griffin"", ""Gumber"", ""Gwozdz"", ""Hendrick"", ""Hilbink"", ""Holmes"", ""Hope"", NA, ""Huda"", ""Jubb"", ""Jubb"", ""Kalis"", ""Kennedy"", ""Klausen"", ""Koets"", ""Kostoulas"", ""Kudahl"", ""Kudahl"", ""Lepper"", ""Lombard"", ""Martin"", ""McKenna"", ""McNab"", ""Milner"", ""Milner"", ""Molina Caballero"", ""Molina"", ""Mortensen"", ""Nielsen"", ""Nielsen"", 
""Nielsen"", ""Nielsen"", ""Nielsen"", ""Osterstock"", ""Paolicchi"", ""Pitt"", ""Reichel"", ""Robbe-Austerman"", ""Roussel"", ""Sergeant"", ""Sockett"", ""Sockett"", ""Spangler"", ""Stabel"", ""Stabel"", ""Sweeney"", ""Sweeney"", ""Sweeney"", ""Taylor"", ""Tripathi"", ""Wang"", ""Waters"", ""Whitlock"", ""Whitlock"", ""Whittington"", ""Yekutiel"", ""Yokomizo""), year = c(""1983"", ""1992"", ""1987"", ""2006"", ""1992"", ""1994"", ""1993"", ""2006"", ""1996"", ""1989"", ""1991"", ""2005"", ""2006"", ""2004"", ""1953"", ""1951"", ""2000"", ""2006"", ""1999"", ""2004"", ""2000"", ""2005"", ""2006"", 
""1997"", ""2005"", ""1994"", ""2004"", ""2000"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2002"", ""2001"", ""2003"", ""2001"", ""2006"", ""2004"", ""2007"", ""1989"", ""2006"", ""1987"", ""2005"", ""1991"", ""1989"", ""1990"", ""1993"", ""1991"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2001"", ""2002"", ""2007"", ""2003"", ""2002"", ""1999"", ""2006"", ""2007"", ""2003"", ""1992"", ""1992"", ""1992"", ""2000"", ""2002"", ""1992"", ""1994"", ""1995"", ""1953"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2003"", ""1996"", ""2000"", ""2003"", ""1980"", ""1991""), journal.title = c(""Am. J. Vet. Res."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", 
""Vet. Rec."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Aust. Vet. J."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Clin. Vacc. Immunol."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."", ""J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."", ""Int. J. Appl. Res. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Clin. Vacc. Immunol."", ""Irish Vet. J."", ""Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", 
""Aust. Vet. J."", ""Aust. Vet. J."", NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Aust. Vet. J."", ""Aust. Vet. J."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Infect. Immun."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Aust. Vet. J."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Can. J. Vet. Res."", ""Aust. Vet. J."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", NA, ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", 
""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."", ""J. Vet. Med. B"", ""Aust. Vet. J."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Res."", ""J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Can. J. Vet. Res."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""J. Comp. Pathol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Infect. Immun."", NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Aust. Vet. J."", NA, ""J. Vet. Med. Sci.""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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""Use of multiple tests to determine the status of UK dairy herds with respect to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis"", ""Sensitivities of a bulk-tank milk ELISA and composite fecal qPCR to detect various seroprevalence levels of paratuberculosis in cattle herds in Normandy, France"", ""Boot swabs to collect environmental samples from common locations in dairy herds for Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis (MAP) detection"", ""Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and Crohn’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis"", 
""Sensitive and specific detection of viable Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in raw milk by the peptide-mediated magnetic separation-phage assay"", ""Invited review: the economic impact and control of paratuberculosis in cattle"", ""A review of bovine Johne’s disease control activities in 6 endemically infected countries"", ""Bacteriophage-based methods for detection of viable Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and their potential for diagnosis of Johne’s disease"", ""Incidence of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in bulk raw and commercially pasteurized cows’ milk from approved dairy processing establishments in the United Kingdom"", 
""Epidemiologic issues in the validation of veterinary diagnostic tests"", ""Application of culture and PCR to bulk milk for detection of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle herds"", ""Application of three ELISA kits to bulk milk for detection of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle herds"", ""Evaluation of different diagnostic methods for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in boot swabs and liquid manure samples"", ""Is targeted milk sampling an effective means of detecting Johne’s disease in dairy herds?"", 
""Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays performed on milk and serum samples for detection of paratuberculosis in lactating dairy cows"", ""A robust method for bacterial lysis and DNA purification to be used with real-time PCR for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in milk"", ""Evaluation of IS900-PCR assay for detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in cattle using quarter milk and bulk tank milk samples"", ""Culture of strategically pooled bovine fecal samples as a method to screen herds for paratuberculosis"", 
""Comparison of fecal culture and F57 real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Swiss cattle herds with a history of paratuberculosis"", ""The single intradermal cervical comparative test interferes with Johne’s disease ELISA diagnostics"", ""Environmental faecal sampling, a new approach in diagnosis and surveillance of paratuberculosis in Austrian cattle herds"", ""Johne’s disease: reliability of environmental sampling to characterize Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection in beef cow-calf herds"", 
""Evaluation of environmental fecal culture for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis detection in dairy herds and association with apparent within-herd prevalence"", ""Evaluation of milk ELISA for detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy herds and association with within-herd prevalence"", ""Comparison of milk and serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in dairy cattle"", ""Evaluation of environmental sampling and culture to determine Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis distribution and herd infection status on US dairy operations"", 
""The effect of paratuberculosis on milk yield—a systematic review and meta-analysis"", ""Ante mortem diagnosis of paratuberculosis: a review of accuracies of ELISA, interferon-γ assay and faecal culture techniques"", ""A review of prevalences of paratuberculosis in farmed animals in Europe"", ""Bulk-tank milk ELISA antibodies for estimating the prevalence of paratuberculosis in Danish dairy herds"", ""Herd-level economic losses associated with Johne’s disease on US dairy operations"", ""Short communication: correlation between within-herd antibody-prevalence and bulk tank milk antibody levels to Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis using two commercial immunoassays"", 
""Longitudinal study of the distribution of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in the environment of dairy herds in the Michigan Johne’s disease control demonstration herd project"", ""The distribution of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in the environment surrounding Minnesota dairy farms"", ""Comparison of four different PCR methods for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk"", ""Evaluation of national surveillance methods for detection of Irish dairy herds infected with Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis"", 
""Short communication: Examination of milk filters by real-time PCR as a herd-level indicator of the presence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy herds"", ""Environmental contamination with Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in endemically infected dairy herds"", ""Relationships between fecal culture, ELISA, and bulk tank milk test results for Johne’s disease in US dairy herds"", ""Pathogenesis of paratuberculosis"", ""Evaluation of microbial culture of pooled fecal samples for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in large dairy herds"", 
""Evaluation of cost-effectiveness of targeted sampling methods for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis infection in dairy herds"", ""Simulation model for evaluation of testing strategies for detection of paratuberculosis in Midwestern US dairy herds"", ""Diagnostic validity and costs of pooled fecal samples and individual blood or fecal samples to determine the cow- and herd-status for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis"", ""Simulation model to determine the optimal pool-size to detect Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis with fecal-culture"", 
""Diagnostic performance of the Pourquier ELISA for detection of antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in individual milk and bulk milk samples of dairy herds"", ""The zoonotic potential of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analyses of the evidence"", ""Sensitivity of environmental sampling for paratuberculosis"", ""Sensitivity of test strategies used in the Voluntary Johne’s Disease Herd Status Program for detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in dairy cattle herds"", 
""Evaluation of bacteriologic culture of individual and pooled fecal samples for detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in dairy cattle herds"", ""Herd-level prevalence of Johne’s disease in Utah and adjacent areas of the Intermountain West as detected by a bulk-tank milk surveillance project"", ""High herd-level prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Western Canadian dairy farms, based on environmental sampling"", ""Short communication: evaluation of sampling socks for detection of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis on dairy farms""
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""10.1016/j.micpath.2004.02.005"", ""10.1186/1471-2180-8-156"", ""10.1046/j.1462-5822.2002.00233.x"", ""10.1128/IAI.70.12.6788-6797.2002"", ""10.1099/00222615-27-4-277"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb00888.x"", ""10.1017/S0950268899004379"", ""10.1128/JCM.01229-08""), article.title = c(""Characterization of non-virulence plasmids with homology to the virulence plasmid of Salmonella dublin"", ""The community summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents, antimicrobial resistance and foodborne outbreaks in the European Union in 2006"", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Identification of Salmonella SPI-2 secretion system components required for SpvB-mediated cytotoxicity in macrophages and virulence in mice"", ""Comparison of intestinal invasion and macrophage response of Salmonella Gallinarum and other host-adapted Salmonella enterica serovars in the avian host"", ""Comparative physical and genetic maps of the virulence plasmids of Salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium, enteritidis, choleraesuis, and dublin"", ""Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin isolates from beef and dairy sources"", 
NA, ""The Role of the spv genes in Salmonella pathogenesis"", ""Short and long term mortality associated with foodborne bacterial gastrointestinal infections: registry based study"", ""Blind comparison of traditional serotyping with three multiplex PCRs for the identification of Salmonella serotypes"", ""Complete nucleotide sequence of a virulence plasmid of Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin and its phylogenetic relationship to the virulence plasmids of serovars Choleraesuis, Enteritidis and Typhimurium"", 
""Rapid screening of Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis, Hadar, Heidelberg and Typhimurium using a serologically-correlative allelotyping PCR targeting the O and H antigen alleles"", ""Automated 5′ nuclease PCR assay for identification of Salmonella enterica"", ""Salmonellosis outcomes differ substantially by serotype"", ""Optimization of a 12-hour TaqMan PCR-based method for detection of Salmonella bacteria in meat"", ""Multiplex PCR-based method for identification of common clinical serotypes of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica"", 
""The Salmonella spvB virulence gene encodes an enzyme that ADP-ribosylates actin and destabilizes the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells"", ""The spv genes on the Salmonella dublin virulence plasmid are required for severe enteritis and systemic infection in the natural host"", ""Selective amplification of abequose and paratose synthase genes (rfb) by polymerase chain reaction for identification of Salmonella major serogroups (A, B, C2, and D)"", ""The prevalence of Salmonella spp. in bovine faecal, rumen and carcass samples at a commercial abattoir"", 
""Heteroduplex analysis of Salmonella virulence plasmids and their prevalence in isolates of defined sources"", ""Association between bulk-tank milk Salmonella antibody level and high calf mortality in Danish dairy herds"", ""Prevalence and risk factors for Salmonella in veal calves at Danish cattle abattoirs"", ""Differences in the carriage and the ability to utilize the serotype associated virulence plasmid in strains of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium investigated by use of a self-transferable virulence plasmid, pOG669"", 
""Development of a real-time multiplex PCR assay for the detection of multiple Salmonella serotypes in chicken samples"", ""Genes in the Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 and the Salmonella virulence plasmid are essential for Salmonella-induced apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells"", ""Analysis of Salmonella enterica serotype-host specificity in calves: avirulence of S. enterica serotype gallinarum correlates with bacterial dissemination from mesenteric lymph nodes and persistence in vivo"", ""Molecular divergence of the serotype-specific plasmid (pSLT) among strains of Salmonella typhimurium of human and veterinary origin and comparison of pSLT with the serotype specific plasmids of S. enteritidis and S. dublin"", 
""A Salmonella dublin virulence plasmid locus that affects bacterial growth under nutrient-limited conditions"", ""Host adapted serotypes of Salmonella enterica"", ""Rapid multiplex PCR and real-time TaqMan PCR assays for detection of Salmonella enterica and the highly virulent serovars Choleraesuis and Paratyphi C""), volume = c(""146"", ""130"", NA, NA, NA, ""52"", ""92"", ""67"", ""119"", NA, ""2"", ""326"", ""158"", ""282"", ""8"", ""38"", ""198"", ""73"", ""44"", ""39"", ""65"", ""31"", ""94"", ""11"", ""93"", ""139"", ""36"", ""8"", ""4"", ""70"", 
""27"", ""6"", ""125"", ""46""), author = c(""Aabo"", ""Anon."", NA, ""Anon."", ""Anon."", ""Browne"", ""Chadfield"", ""Chu"", ""Davis"", ""Grimont"", ""Guiney"", ""Helms"", ""Herrera-Leon"", ""Hong"", ""Hong"", ""Hoorfar"", ""Jones"", ""Josefsen"", ""Kim"", ""Lesnick"", ""Libby"", ""Luk"", ""McEvoy"", ""Montenegro"", ""Nielsen"", ""Nielsen"", ""Olsen"", ""O'Regan"", ""Paesold"", ""Paulin"", ""Platt"", ""Pullinger"", ""Uzzau"", ""Woods""), year = c(""1995"", ""2007"", NA, ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2003"", ""1999"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2011"", ""2003"", ""2007"", ""2008a"", ""2008b"", ""2000"", 
""2008"", ""2007"", ""2006"", ""2001"", ""1997"", ""1993"", ""2003"", ""1991"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2004"", ""2008"", ""2002"", ""2002"", ""1988"", ""1992"", ""2000"", ""2008""), journal.title = c(""Res Microbiol"", ""EFSA Journal"", NA, NA, NA, ""FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Infect Immun"", ""Vet Microbiol"", NA, ""Front Microbiol"", ""BMJ"", ""Res Microbiol"", ""FEMS Microbiol Lett"", ""BMC Microbiol"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", ""J Infect Dis"", ""Appl Environ Microbiol"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", ""Mol Microbiol"", ""Infect Immun"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", 
""J Appl Microbiol"", ""Microb Pathog"", ""J Dairy Sci"", ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""Microb Pathog"", ""BMC Microbiol"", ""Cell Microbiol"", ""Infect Immun"", ""J Med Microbiol"", ""Mol Microbiol"", ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""J Clin Microbiol""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, ""Anon. 2009 Nordval Validation protocol www.NMKL.org"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Annual Report on Zoonoses in Denmark 2009"", ""Annual Report on Zoonoses in Denmark 2010"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Antigenic Formulae of the Salmonella Serovars. WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2012-07-24","en","NULL","list(date = ""2015-09-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 1134, URL = ""http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Persson","2012","Persson et al., 2012"
"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","2011-05-12","2025-01-27","2004-05","10.1177/104063870401600304","2025-01-28","1040-6387,1943-4936","3","2004-05","179","197-201","10.1177","SAGE Publications","1","Crossref","18","18","27","Comparison of a Commercial H1N1 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Hemagglutination Inhibition Test in Detecting Serum Antibody against Swine Influenza Viruses","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1177/104063870401600304","16","<jats:p> Recently a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for detecting antibody against H1N1 swine influenza virus (SIV) has been made available to diagnosticians and veterinary practitioners. Because the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test has been considered the standard test for SIV serology, diagnostic performance of the new ELISA was evaluated using positive ( n = 60) and negative ( n = 188) serum samples from young pigs with known status of SIV infection and compared with that of the HI test. Both ELISA and HI test identified all negative animals correctly. None of the serum samples ( n = 64) from pigs inoculated with H3N2 SIV was positive by ELISA for SIV antibody. The H1N1 SIV antibody detectable by ELISA appears to develop more slowly in comparison with antibody detectable by HI test. Although antibody was detected by HI test in all inoculated animals ( n = 20) by day 7 postinoculation (PI), antibody was detected by ELISA in 0%, 75%, and 100% of the inoculated animals on days 7, 14, and 28 PI, respectively. Discrepancy in test results between the 2 serologic tests appeared to be because of differences in antibody isotypes detected by each test. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay mainly detected IgG antibody, whereas the HI test detects IgM antibody very efficiently as well as IgG antibody. Collectively, the commercial ELISA is highly specific for antibody to H1N1 SIV but may not identify positive animals at the early stage of infection as effectively as the HI test, particularly when SIV is introduced to a naïve swine population. </jats:p>","J VET Diagn Invest","list(suffix = c(""Associate"", NA, NA, NA), given = c(""Kyoung-Jin"", ""Bruce H."", ""Rick W."", ""Gene""), family = c(""Yoon"", ""Janke"", ""Swalla"", ""Erickson""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011"", ""Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011"", ""Murphy Family Farms, Algona, IA 50511"", ""Rollins Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Raleigh, NC 27605""))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/104063870401600304"", ""https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/104063870401600304""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""bibr1-104063870401600304"", ""bibr2-104063870401600304"", ""bibr3-104063870401600304"", ""bibr4-104063870401600304"", ""bibr5-104063870401600304"", ""bibr6-104063870401600304"", ""bibr7-104063870401600304"", ""bibr8-104063870401600304"", ""bibr9-104063870401600304"", ""bibr10-104063870401600304"", ""bibr11-104063870401600304"", ""bibr12-104063870401600304"", ""bibr13-104063870401600304"", ""bibr14-104063870401600304"", ""bibr15-104063870401600304"", ""bibr16-104063870401600304"", ""bibr17-104063870401600304"", ""bibr18-104063870401600304""
), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1002/9780470376812.ch2b"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00164-4"", NA, ""10.1007/s00705-002-0788-4"", ""10.1186/1749-8546-5-34"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1099/0022-1317-75-9-2183"", NA, NA, ""10.1002/9780470376812.ch2c"", ""10.2460/ajvr.1993.54.10.1630"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(98)00174-8"", ""10.1084/jem.54.3.373"", ""10.1002/9780470376812.ch2a"", 
""10.1128/JVI.73.10.8851-8856.1999""), volume.title = c(NA, NA, ""Concepts and procedures for laboratory-based influenza surveillance"", NA, NA, NA, ""Transitioning from HI to ELISA when evaluating herd status and time of vaccination for H1N1 swine influenza"", ""Diseases of swine"", NA, NA, NA, ""Manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Trends in emerging viral infections of swine"", NA), year = c(NA, NA, ""1982"", NA, ""1919"", ""1922"", ""2002"", ""1999"", ""2000"", NA, ""1919"", ""2000"", 
NA, ""1993"", NA, NA, ""2002"", NA), author = c(NA, NA, ""Centers for Disease Control"", NA, ""Chun J"", ""Dorset M"", ""Erickson G"", ""Esterday BC"", ""Janke BH"", NA, ""Koen JS"", ""OIE Standards Commission"", NA, ""Olsen CW"", NA, NA, ""Yoon K-J"", NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""34"", ""162"", NA, ""277"", ""79"", NA, ""468"", NA, NA, ""1630"", NA, NA, ""23"", NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""5"", ""62"", ""5"", NA, ""8"", NA, ""14"", NA, NA, ""54"", NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Nat Med J China"", ""J Am Vet Med Assoc"", 
NA, NA, ""Swine Health Prod"", NA, ""Am J Vet Med"", NA, NA, ""Am J Vet Res"", NA, NA, NA, NA), edition = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""4"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1177/104063870401600304","2004-05-01","en","NULL","list(date = ""2004-05-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Yoon","2004","Yoon et al., 2004"
"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","2011-05-12","2025-03-04","2010-01","10.1177/104063871002200102","2025-03-05","1040-6387,1943-4936","1","2010-01","179","3-9","10.1177","SAGE Publications","1","Crossref","23","23","62","Detection of Anti-Influenza A Nucleoprotein Antibodies in Pigs Using a Commercial Influenza Epitope-Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Developed for Avian Species","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1177/104063871002200102","22","<jats:p> Influenza virus causes acute respiratory disease in pigs and is of concern for its potential public health significance. Many subtypes of influenza virus have been isolated from pigs, and the virus continues to evolve in swine populations. Current antibody assays have limited antigenic recognition, and accurate, broad-spectrum, high through-put screening tests are needed to detect infections in swine herds and to aid in the implementation of control measures. In the current study, a commercial blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed for the detection of Influenza A virus nucleoprotein antibodies in avian species was evaluated for the detection of anti-influenza serum antibodies in swine. Serum samples used to evaluate the test were archived samples from influenza research conducted at the U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service–National Animal Disease Center and included samples from influenza-inoculated pigs (H1N1, H1N2, H2N3, and H3N2), contact-infected pigs, vaccinated pigs, and negative controls. Based on samples of known status ( n = 453), a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the ELISA results estimated the optimized diagnostic sensitivity and specificity at 96.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92.3, 98.9) and 99.3% (95% CI: 97.6, 99.9), respectively. By using the cutoff established in the ROC analysis, the assay was evaluated in pigs infected with 2 isolates of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus. Overall, the assay showed excellent diagnostic performance against the range of influenza subtypes investigated and could serve as a useful screening assay for swine. </jats:p>","J VET Diagn Invest","list(given = c(""Janice R."", ""Amy L."", ""John R."", ""Silvia M."", ""Jeffrey J.""), family = c(""Ciacci-Zanella"", ""Vincent"", ""Prickett"", ""Zimmerman"", ""Zimmerman""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""Virus and Prion Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA."", NA, NA, NA, NA), affiliation2.name = c(""Labex-USA, EMBRAPA–Brazilian Agriculture Research Corporation, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA), affiliation.name = c(NA, ""Virus and Prion Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA."", ""Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA."", ""IDEXX Laboratories Inc., Westbrook, ME."", ""Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.""
))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/104063871002200102"", ""https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/104063871002200102"", ""https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/104063871002200102""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""bibr1-104063871002200102"", ""bibr2-104063871002200102"", ""bibr3-104063871002200102"", ""bibr4-104063871002200102"", ""bibr5-104063871002200102"", ""bibr6-104063871002200102"", ""bibr7-104063871002200102"", ""bibr8-104063871002200102"", ""bibr9-104063871002200102"", ""bibr10-104063871002200102"", ""bibr11-104063871002200102"", ""bibr12-104063871002200102"", ""bibr13-104063871002200102"", ""bibr14-104063871002200102"", ""bibr15-104063871002200102"", ""bibr16-104063871002200102"", ""bibr17-104063871002200102"", ""bibr18-104063871002200102"", 
""bibr19-104063871002200102"", ""bibr20-104063871002200102"", ""bibr21-104063871002200102"", ""bibr22-104063871002200102"", ""bibr23-104063871002200102""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1177/104063870902100113"", 
""10.1128/JCM.41.3.1041-1047.2003"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(02)00196-9"", ""10.1056/NEJMoa0903810"", ""10.1007/BF01310622"", ""10.1126/science.1176225"", ""10.1128/JCM.44.3.1123-1126.2006"", ""10.1128/JCM.40.3.1073-1079.2002"", ""10.1073/pnas.0710286104"", ""10.1007/s007050070098"", ""10.2307/1592573"", ""10.1099/0022-1317-70-12-3297"", ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.2006.01007.x"", ""10.1128/JCM.41.8.3579-3583.2003"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.011"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.07.017"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.09.019"", ""10.1007/s11262-009-0386-6"", 
""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.01.003"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2004.02.015"", ""10.4049/jimmunol.126.5.1814"", ""10.2307/1592678"", ""10.1093/clinchem/39.4.561""), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1814"", NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""126"", NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Yewdell JW"", NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1981"", NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J Immunol"", NA, NA))","10.1177/104063871002200102","2010-01-01","en","NULL","list(date = ""2010-01-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Ciacci-Zanella","2010","Ciacci-Zanella et al., 2010"
"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","2011-05-12","2025-03-04","2009-01","10.1177/104063870902100113","2025-04-09","1040-6387,1943-4936","1","2009-01","179","88-96","10.1177","SAGE Publications","1","Crossref","18","18","16","Performance of a Commercial Swine Influenza Virus H1N1 and H3N2 Antibody Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in Pigs Experimentally Infected with European Influenza Viruses","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1177/104063870902100113","21","<jats:p> The IDEXX Swine influenza virus H1N1 and H3N2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are used worldwide, but their capacity to detect antibodies to European Swine influenza viruses (SIVs) has not been documented. A total of 313 well-defined sera from SIV seronegative pigs and pigs experimentally infected with European SIVs were used to compare the performance of both ELISAs and the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. The ELISAs largely failed to detect pigs that had been infected with H1N1 (0/42 positive in H1N1 ELISA) or H3N2 only (9/18 positive in H3N2 ELISA; group 1). Higher ELISA detection rates were found after consecutive infection of pigs with either H1N1 or H3N2 and 1 other subtype (7/40 and 11/22 positive in H1N1 and H3N2 ELISA, respectively; group 2). Of 39 pigs that had been vaccinated twice with 1 of 4 commercial SIV vaccines (group 3), 25 tested positive in the H1N1 and 4 in the H3N2 ELISA. Pigs that had received a single vaccination after a prior infection with H1N1 and/or H3N2 (group 4) were more frequently positive than group 1 or 3 pigs (23/24 and 15/24 positive in H1N1 and H3N2 ELISA, respectively). Both the H1N1 and H3N2 ELISA showed a low sensitivity (39% and 35%, respectively) relative to the HI test. Because pigs in the field are frequently infected and/or vaccinated with multiple SIV subtypes and variants, they are more likely to test positive in the ELISAs. However, the interpretation of ELISA results will be difficult, and HI remains the method of choice. </jats:p>","J VET Diagn Invest","list(given = c(""Filip"", ""Geoffrey"", ""Maurice"", ""Kristien""), family = c(""Barbé"", ""Labarque"", ""Pensaert"", ""Van Reeth""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""From the Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium."", ""From the Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium."", ""From the Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium."", 
""From the Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.""))","list(URL = c(""https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/104063870902100113"", ""https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/104063870902100113"", ""https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/104063870902100113""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""bibr1-104063870902100113"", ""bibr2-104063870902100113"", ""bibr3-104063870902100113"", ""bibr4-104063870902100113"", ""bibr5-104063870902100113"", ""bibr6-104063870902100113"", ""bibr7-104063870902100113"", ""bibr8-104063870902100113"", ""bibr9-104063870902100113"", ""bibr10-104063870902100113"", ""bibr11-104063870902100113"", ""bibr12-104063870902100113"", ""bibr13-104063870902100113"", ""bibr14-104063870902100113"", ""bibr15-104063870902100113"", ""bibr16-104063870902100113"", ""bibr17-104063870902100113"", ""bibr18-104063870902100113""
), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA, NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1016/S0167-5877(01)00285-9"", ""10.1007/s00705-005-0615-9"", NA, ""10.1099/0022-1317-83-4-735"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1038/icb.1993.2"", ""10.1128/JVI.00787-06"", ""10.1177/104063870401600116"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2008.00043.x"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2004.02.023"", NA, ""10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00206-7"", 
""10.1089/vim.2006.19.373"", ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.2006.00899.x"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.07.017"", ""10.1177/104063870401600304""), first.page = c(NA, NA, ""296"", NA, ""469"", ""75"", ""7"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""99"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, ""94"", NA, NA, ""59"", ""72"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, ""Lang C"", NA, ""Olsen CW"", ""Pensaert M"", ""Poljak Z"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Van Reeth K"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, ""2007"", NA, ""2006"", ""1981"", ""2008"", NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, ""2001"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, ""Wien Tierarztl Monatsschr"", NA, NA, ""Bull World Health Organ"", ""Can J Vet Res"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Diseases of swine"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Emergence and control of zoonotic ortho- and paramyxovirus diseases"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), edition = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""9"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1177/104063870902100113","2009-01-01","en","NULL","list(date = ""2009-01-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Barbé","2009","Barbé et al., 2009"
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""17. Nuru A, Mamo G, Teshome L, Zewdie A, Medhin G, et al. (2015) Bovine tuberculosis and its risk factors among dairy cattle herds in and around Bahirdar City, Northwest Ethiopia. Ethiopian Vet J 19: 27-40. Link: http://bit.ly/2u1Y2bt"", ""18. Dinka H, Duressa A (2011) Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in Arsi Zones of Oromia, Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6: 3853-3858. Link: http://bit.ly/2GEBBeY"", ""19. Ameni G, Aseffa A, Engers H, Young D, Gordon S, et al. (2007) High Prevalence and Increased Severity of Pathology of Bovine Tuberculosis in Holsteins Compared to Zebu Breeds under Field Cattle Husbandry in Central Ethiopia. Clin Vaccine Immunol 14: 1356-1361. Link: http://bit.ly/2RGasyA"", 
""20. Tschopp R, Schelling E, Hattendorf J, Young D, Aseffa A, et al. (2010) Repeated cross-sectional skin testing for bovine tuberculosis in cattle kept in a traditional husbandry system in Ethiopia. Vet Rec 167: 250-256. Link: http://bit.ly/315uJko"", ""21. Office International des Epizooties (OIE ) (2008) Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines. Bovine Tuberculosis. Paris 683-697."", ""22. Thrusfield M (2005) Veterinary Epidemiology. 2nd Edition, Blackwell Science Ltd., United Kingdom."", 
""23. Pace JE, Wakeman DL (2003) Determining the age of cattle by their teeth. In I. E. C. University of Florida (Ed.)."", ""24. Nicholson MJ, Butterworth MH (1986) A guide to condition scoring of zebu cattle, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. International Livestock Centre for Africa. Link: http://bit.ly/316Ukt4"", ""25. STATA version 12. Statistics data analysis. Statacorp, 4905 Lakeway Drive, College Station, Texas 77845 USA."", ""26. Tamiru F, Hailemariam M, Terfa W (2013) Preliminary study on prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle owned by tuberculosis positive and negative farmers and assessment of zoonotic awareness in Ambo and Toke Kutaye districts. Ethiopia. J Vet Med Anim Health 5: 288-295. Link: http://bit.ly/37G7aRK"", 
""27. Girmay G, Pal M, Deneke Y, Weldesilasse G, Equar Y (2012) Prevalence and Public Health Importance of Bovine Tuberculosis in and Around Mekelle Town, Ethiopia. Int J Livest Res 2: 180-188. Link: http://bit.ly/37G7xvC"", ""28. Pritchard DG (1988) A century of bovine tuberculosis 1888-1988: Conquest and Controversy. J Comp Pathol 99: 357-399. Link: http://bit.ly/3b4lEgq"", ""29. Sinha RN (1994) Mycobacterium bovis. In The Significance of Pathogenic Microorganisms in Raw Milk 141: 166."", ""30. Bolske GL, Englund H, Wahlstrom GW, de Lisle DM, Collins PS, et al. (2010) Tuberculosis (In Pierre-Charles Lefe'vre, Jean Blancou, Rene' Chermette, Gerrit Vilenberg eds). Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of livestock. 2: 1075-1096."", 
""31. Barlow AM, Mitchell KA, Visram KH (1999) Bovine tuberculosis in llama (Lama glama) in the UK. Vet Rec145: 639-640. Link: http://bit.ly/2u0SKNi"", ""32. Admassu B, Kebede E, Shite A (2015) Review on Bovine Tuberculosis. Eur J Biol Sci 7: 169-185 Link: http://bit.ly/36E5NBB""), DOI = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.08.029"", NA, ""10.1038/nrmicro1472"", NA, ""10.1016/0962-8479(95)90591-X"", NA, ""10.1017/S0022050704043049"", NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0076891"", ""10.3201/eid0401.980108"", ""10.1002/9780470344538.ch9"", 
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""World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report. 2019. [Cited 2020 Aug 16]. https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en."", NA, NA, ""Directorate General of Health Services, Bangladesh. Handbook on Tuberoculosis for Medical Students and Physicians based on National Tuberoculosis Program(NTP) Guidelines. 2019."", NA, NA, ""Hossain MZ. The incidence, pathology, diagnosis and molecular characterization of bovine tuberculosis in Bangladesh [dissertation]. Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. 2015."", 
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""Bovine leukemia virus and cow longevity in Michigan dairy herds"", ""Comparison of bulk milk antibody and youngstock serology screens for determining herd status for Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus"", ""Prediction of longevity breeding values for US Holstein sires using survival analysis methodology"", NA, ""Invited review: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of mortality and culling in dairy cattle"", ""Symposium review: the impact of management and facilities on cow culling rates"", ""Keeping dairy cows for longer: a critical literature review on dairy cow longevity in high milk-producing countries"", 
""Review: overview of factors affecting productive lifespan of dairy cows"", NA, ""Effect of suckler cow vaccination against glycoprotein E (gE)-negative bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) on passive immunity and physiological response to subsequent bovine respiratory disease vaccination of their progeny"", ""Severe respiratory disease in dairy cows caused by infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus"", ""Evaluation and application of an indirect ELISA for the detection of antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus in milk, bulk milk, and serum"", 
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""Salmonella in dairy cattle"", ""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus seroprevalence and risk factors in non-vaccinated dairy cattle herds in Brazil"", ""Serological analysis of a small herd-sample to predict presence or absence of animals persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (dvdv) in dairy herds"", ""Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections in dairy herds: self clearance and the detection of seroconversions against a new atypical pestivirus"", 
""Dairy cows trapped between performancedemands and adaptability"", ""Evaluation of tests for antibodies against bovine herpesvirus 1 performed in national reference laboratories in Europe"", ""Bovine viral diarrhoea: pathogenesis and diagnosis"", ""Principles for eradication of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections in cattle populations"", ""Mycoplasma bovis infections in cattle"", ""Predicted ages of dairy calves when colostrum-derived bovine viral diarrhea virus antibodies would no longer offer protection against disease or interfere with vaccination"", 
""Bovine herpes virus infections in cattle"", ""Lifetime effects of infection with bovine leukemia virus on longevity and milk production of dairy cows"", ""Age-stratified validation of an indirect Salmonella dublin serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for individual diagnosis in cattle"", ""Age-specific characteristics of ELISA and fecal culture for purpose-specific testing for paratuberculosis"", ""Latent class analysis of bulk tank milk PCR and ELISA testing for herd level diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis"", 
""A retrospective evaluation of a Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) antibody ELISA on bulk-tank milk samples for classification of the BHV-1 status of Danish dairy herds"", ""The impact of paratuberculosis on milk production, fertility, and culling in large commercial Hungarian dairy herds"", ""Bulk tank milk antibody ELISA as a biosecurity tool for detecting dairy herds with past exposure to Mycoplasma bovis"", ""Factors associated with variation in bulk tank milk Mycoplasma bovis antibody-ELISA results in dairy herds"", 
""Seroepidemiology of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) infection among Estonian dairy herds and risk factors for the spread within herds"", ""Dynamics of bovine herpesvirus type 1 infection in Estonian dairy herds with and without a control programme"", ""Association of herd BHV-1 seroprevalence with respiratory disease in youngstock in Estonian dairy cattle"", ""Association of herd BRSV and BHV-1 seroprevalence with respiratory disease and reproductive performance in adult dairy cattle"", ""Culling reasons and risk factors in Estonian dairy cows"", 
""Invited review: academic and applied approach to evaluating longevity in dairy cows"", ""Epitools Epidemiological Calculators"", ""Characterization of three commercial ELISA kits for detection of BOHV-1 gE specific antibodies in serum and milk samples and applicability of bulk milk for determination of herd status"", ""Dynamics of the within-herd prevalence of Mycoplasma bovis intramammary infection in endemically infected dairy herds"", ""Production effects of pathogens causing bovine leukosis, bovine viral diarrhea, paratuberculosis, and neosporosis"", 
""Repeatability of a commercially available ELISA test for determining the herd-level Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin status in dairy herds using bulk milk"", ""Time to first calving and calving interval in bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) sero-converted dairy herds in Norway"", ""Diagnostic performance of the Pourquier ELISA for detection of antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in individual milk and bulk milk samples of dairy herds"", ""Herd-level prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases of dairy cows in Great Britain"", 
""Herd-level diagnosis for Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin infection in bovine dairy herds"", NA, ""Testing of Bulk Tank Milk for Salmonella Dublin Infection in Danish Dairy Herds""), volume = c(""60"", ""15"", ""96"", ""12"", ""87"", ""78"", ""100"", ""103"", ""11"", ""14"", NA, ""118"", ""138"", ""7"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""89"", ""22"", ""198"", ""6"", ""147"", ""29"", ""34"", ""14"", ""53"", ""182"", ""89"", ""102"", ""199"", ""64"", ""25"", ""221"", ""10"", ""133"", ""16"", ""89"", ""121"", ""47"", NA, ""100"", ""99"", ""96"", ""171"", ""93"", ""54"", ""16"", 
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""Effects of the Danish intervention strategies aimed at reducing Campylobacter in broiler meat"", ""Sources of Campylobacter spp. colonizing housed Broiler flocks during rearing"", ""Lack of evidence for vertical transmission of Campylobacter spp. in chickens"", ""Report of the Task Force of Zoonoses. Data collection including a proposal for a harmonized monitoring scheme of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella in fowl (Gallus gallus), turkeys, and pigs and Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli in broilers"", 
""Colonization of broilers with Campylobacter in conventional broiler-chicken flocks"", ""A longitudinal study of campylobacter infection of broiler flocks in Great Britain"", ""A farm-level study of risk factors associated with the colonization of broiler flocks with Campylobacter spp. in Iceland, 2001-2004"", NA, ""Campylobacters as zoonotic pathogens: a food production perspective"", NA, NA, ""Epidemiological investigation of risk factors for campylobacter colonization in Norwegian broiler flocks"", ""Differentiation of Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari, and Campylobacter upsaliensis by a multiplex PCR developed from the nucleotide sequence of the lipid A gene lpxA"", 
""Comparison of the survival of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in culturable form in surface water"", ""Quantitative risk assessment of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. and cross-contamination during handling of raw broiler chickens evaluating strategies at the producer level to reduce human campylobacteriosis in Sweden"", ""A method for the recovery and detection of emerging Campylobacteraceae from meat"", ""Colonization of broiler chickens by waterborne Campylobacter jejuni"", NA, ""Campylobacter spp. in broilers on the farm and after transport"", 
""Colony multiplex PCR assay for identification and differentiation of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, C. upsaliensis, and C. fetus ssp. fetus"", ""Fresh chicken as main risk factor for campylobacteriosis, Denmark"", ""An investigation of sources of Campylobacter in a poultry production and packing operation in Barbados"", ""Prevalence of Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and Salmonella serovars in retail chicken, turkey, pork, and beef from the greater Washington, DC area""), volume = c(""26"", 
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""Workman"", ""Zhao""), year = c(""1995"", ""2007"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""2007"", ""1986"", ""2000"", ""2007"", ""2006"", ""2007"", ""2005"", ""2006"", ""1993"", ""2004"", ""1991"", ""2008"", ""2007"", ""1993"", ""1993"", ""1995"", ""2002"", ""2006"", ""2008"", ""2001""), journal.title = c(""Prev Vet Med"", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", ""Appl Environ Microbiol"", ""Appl Environ Microbiol"", ""EFSA Journal"", ""Acta Vet Scand"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Acta Vet Scand"", NA, ""Int J Food Microbiol"", NA, NA, ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", ""Can J Microbiol"", ""Int J Food Microbiol"", 
""Zoonoses Public Health."", ""Appl Environ Microbiol"", NA, ""Poult Sci"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Int J Food Microbiol"", ""Appl Environ Microbiol""), issue = c(NA, ""Suppl. 1"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Annual Report 2006"", NA, ""ISO 17995:2005, Detection and enumeration of thermotolerant Campylobacterspp"", ""ISO 10272-1:2006, Microbiology of Food and Animal Feeding Stuffs - Horizontal Method for detection and Enumeration of Campylobacterspp"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Diagnostic Molecular Microbiology: Principles and Applications"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2015-09-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 2191, URL = ""http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Patriarchi","2009","Patriarchi et al., 2009"
"Journal of Water and Health","2017-09-15","2020-03-26","2017-12-01","10.2166/wh.2017.119","2025-04-09","1477-8920,1996-7829","6","2017-09-14","945","849-862","10.2166","IWA Publishing","1","Crossref","28","28","28","Prevalence and types of Campylobacter on poultry farms and in their direct environment","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2017.119","15","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
               <jats:p>To study whether broiler and layer farms contribute to the environmental Campylobacter load, environmental matrices at or close to farms, and caecal material from chickens, were examined. Similarity between Campylobacter from poultry and environment was tested based on species identification and Multilocus Sequence Typing. Campylobacter prevalence in caecal samples was 97% at layer farms (n = 5), and 93% at broiler farms with Campylobacter-positive flocks (n = 2/3). Campylobacter prevalence in environmental samples was 24% at layer farms, and 29% at broiler farms with Campylobacter-positive flocks. Campylobacter was detected in soil and surface water, not in dust and flies. Campylobacter prevalence in adjacent and remote surface waters was not significantly (P &amp;gt; 0.1) different. Detected species were C. coli (52%), C. jejuni (40%) and C. lari (7%) in layers, and C. jejuni (100%) in broilers. Identical sequence types (STs) were detected in caecal material and soil. A deviating species distribution in surface water adjacent to farms indicated a high background level of environmental Campylobacter. STs from layer farms were completely deviant from surface water STs. The occasional detection of identical STs in broilers, wastewater at broiler farms and surface water in the farm environment suggested a possible contribution of broiler farms to the aquatic environmental Campylobacter load.</jats:p>",NA,"list(given = c(""Franciska M."", ""Wilma F."", ""Rozemarijn Q. J."", ""Lianne Kerkhof-De"", ""Angela H. A. M."", ""Raditijo A."", ""Ana Maria"", ""Hetty""), family = c(""Schets"", ""Jacobs-Reitsma"", ""van der Plaats"", ""Heer"", ""van Hoek"", ""Hamidjaja"", ""de Roda Husman"", ""Blaak""), sequence = c(""first"", ""first"", ""first"", ""first"", ""first"", ""first"", ""first"", ""first""), affiliation.name = c(""National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven 3721 MA, The Netherlands"", 
""National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven 3721 MA, The Netherlands"", ""National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven 3721 MA, The Netherlands"", ""National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven 3721 MA, The Netherlands"", 
""National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven 3721 MA, The Netherlands"", ""National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven 3721 MA, The Netherlands"", ""National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven 3721 MA, The Netherlands"", 
""National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven 3721 MA, The Netherlands""))","list(URL = c(""http://iwaponline.com/jwh/article-pdf/15/6/849/239531/jwh0150849.pdf"", ""http://iwaponline.com/jwh/article-pdf/15/6/849/239531/jwh0150849.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""syndication"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C1"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C2"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C3"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C4"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C5"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C6"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C7"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C8"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C9"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C10"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C11"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C12"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C13"", 
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""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C27"", ""2020032616292583200_JWH-D-17-00119C28""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref""), first.page = c(""e0135402"", ""328"", ""949"", ""970"", ""6292"", ""3547"", ""215"", ""466"", ""1490"", ""640"", NA, ""292"", 
""68S"", ""1195"", ""33"", ""187"", ""1725"", ""e83731"", ""e42599"", ""36"", ""135"", ""1161"", ""e28490"", ""1679"", ""1027"", ""174"", ""6075"", ""5886""), DOI = c(""10.1371/journal.pone.0135402"", NA, ""10.3201/eid0809.02-0122"", ""10.1017/S0950268811002676"", ""10.3390/ijerph10126292"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3547"", ""10.1111/risa.12433"", ""10.3201/eid1803.111024"", ""10.3201/eid1008.040129"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03291.x"", NA, ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02616.x"", NA, ""10.3382/ps.2011-01795"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.09.015"", ""10.1016/S0890-8508(03)00052-5"", 
""10.1017/S0950268812000982"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0083731"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0042599"", ""10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.069"", ""10.1016/j.biortech.2004.02.030"", ""10.1089/fpd.2009.0327"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0028490"", NA, ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04725.x"", NA, ""10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.028"", ""10.3390/ijerph10115886""), article.title = c(""Distribution, numbers, and diversity of ESBL-producing E. coli in the poultry farm environment"", ""Incidence and trends of infection with pathogens transmitted commonly through food – foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 10 U.S. sites, 2006–2013"", 
""Molecular characterization of Campylobacter jejuni clones: a basis for epidemiologic investigation"", ""Source attribution of human campylobacteriosis using a meta-analysis of case-control studies of sporadic infections"", ""Foodborne Campylobacter: infections, metabolism, pathogenisis and reservoirs"", ""The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2012"", ""A QMRA for the transmission of ESBL-producing E. coli and Campylobacter from poultry farms to humans through flies"", 
""Poultry culling and campylobacteriosis reduction among humans, the Netherlands"", ""Flies and Campylobacter infection of broiler flocks"", ""Correlations between Campylobacter spp. prevalence in the environment and broiler flocks"", NA, ""Development of real-time PCR and hybridization methods for detection and identification of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in pig faecal samples"", ""Campylobacters in water, sewage and the environment"", ""Prevalence of coliforms, Salmonella, Listeria, and Campylobacter associated with eggs and the environment of conventional cage and free-range egg production"", 
""Trends in Campylobacter incidence in broilers and humans in six European countries, 1997–2007"", ""Development of a sensitive DNA microarray suitable for rapid detection of Campylobacter spp"", ""Investigation of prevalence and risk factors for Campylobacter in broiler flocks at slaughter: results from a UK survey"", ""Campylobacteriosis in urban versus rural areas: a case-case study integrated with molecular typing to validate risk factors and to attribute sources of infection"", ""Risk factors for campylobacteriosis of chicken, ruminant, and environmental origin: a combined case-control and source attribution analysis"", 
""Quantifying potential sources of surface water contamination by Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli"", ""Pathogen survival during livestock manure storage and following land application"", ""Campylobacter excreted into the environment by animal sources: prevalence, concentration shed, and host association"", ""Molecular epidemiology of Campylobacter isolates from poultry production units in Southern Ireland"", ""Human infections with new subspecies of Campylobacter fetus"", ""Occurrence of thermotolerant Campylobacter species in surface waters of a Mediterranean area and in its prevailing pollution sources"", 
""The dioxin crisis as experiment to determine poultry-related Campylobacter enteritis"", ""Landscape and seasonal factors influence Salmonella and Campylobacter prevalence in a rural mixed use watershed"", ""The role of environmental reservoirs in human campylobacteriosis""), volume = c(""10"", ""63"", ""8"", ""140"", ""10"", ""12"", ""36"", ""18"", ""10"", ""103"", NA, ""99"", ""30"", ""91"", ""93"", ""17"", ""140"", ""8"", ""7"", ""101"", ""96"", ""6"", ""6"", ""19"", ""109"", ""8"", ""47"", ""10""), year = c(""2015"", ""2014"", ""2002"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2014"", 
""2016"", ""2012"", ""2004"", ""2007"", NA, ""2005"", ""2001"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2003"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2012"", ""2016"", ""2005"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""2010"", ""2002"", ""2013"", ""2013""), journal.title = c(""Plos One"", ""Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"", ""EFSA Journal"", ""Risk Analysis"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Journal of Applied Microbiology"", 
NA, ""Journal of Applied Microbiology"", ""Journal of Applied Microbiology Symposium Supplement"", ""Poultry Science"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Molecular and Cellular Probes"", ""Epidemiology and Infection"", ""Plos One"", ""Plos One"", ""Water Research"", ""Bioresource Technology"", ""Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"", ""Plos One"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Journal of Applied Microbiology"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Water Research"", ""International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health""
), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""European Food Safety Authority"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""3"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""International Organization for Standardization 2007 ISO 19458. Water Quality – Sampling for Microbiological Analysis. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2017-09-14","en","NULL","NULL","http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Schets","2017","Schets et al., 2017"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2003-10-16","2019-04-08","2003-04","10.1017/s095026880200821x","2024-04-11","0950-2688,1469-4409","2","2003-04","56","323-333","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","0","0","20","A one-year study of campylobacter carriage by individual Danish broiler chickens as the basis for selection of <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. strains for a chicken infection model","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s095026880200821x","130","<jats:p>From February 1999 to February 2000, 1250 individual broiler chickens representing 125 broiler flocks originating from 62 broiler farms in Denmark were screened for campylobacter carriage. Every month, 10 flocks were tested for campylobacter carriage. The swabs were tested individually and as a pooled sample representing the flocks. <jats:italic>Campylobacter</jats:italic> spp. carriage was detected from 512 (40·9%) broiler chickens originating from 63 (50·4%) positive flocks. Campylobacter carriage by both individual chickens and flocks showed seasonal variation. <jats:italic>Campylobacter jejuni</jats:italic> was the dominant species (95·5%). Campylobacter isolates were typed using Penner heat-stable serotyping and <jats:italic>flaA</jats:italic>-typing methods. Data of campylobacter carriage by individual chickens and data generated by the use of different typing methods contributed to a better understanding of the dynamics of campylobacter infection within the broiler flocks. <jats:italic>C. jejuni</jats:italic> Penner heat-stable serotype HS2, <jats:italic>flaA</jats:italic>-type 1 was the most common type found in Danish broiler chickens.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""D. D."", ""E. M."", ""K."", ""M.""), family = c(""BANG"", ""NIELSEN"", ""KNUDSEN"", ""MADSEN""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S095026880200821X"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","NULL","S095026880200821X","2003-04-29","en","NULL","list(date = ""2003-04-29"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 28, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"BANG","2003","BANG et al., 2003"
"Veterinary Microbiology","2010-10-17","2021-11-12","2011-04","10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007","2025-06-16","0378-1135","1-2","2011-04","78","1-16","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","88","88","200","Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in domestic ruminants: A critical review","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007","149",NA,"Veterinary Microbiology","list(given = c(""Raphaël"", ""Henri"", ""Anne-Frieda"", ""Alain"", ""François""), family = c(""Guatteo"", ""Seegers"", ""Taurel"", ""Joly"", ""Beaudeau""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113510004803?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113510004803?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0005"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0010"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0015"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0020"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0025"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0030"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0035"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0040"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0045"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0050"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0055"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0060"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0065"", 
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""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0265"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0270"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0275"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0280"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0285"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0290"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0295"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0300"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0305"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0310"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0450"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0320"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0325"", 
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""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0395"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0400"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0405"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0410"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0415"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0420"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0425"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0430"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0435"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007_bib0440""), first.page = c(""155"", ""28"", ""52"", ""297"", ""12"", ""327"", ""423"", NA, ""707"", ""145"", ""502"", ""55"", ""737"", ""1577"", 
""211"", ""669"", ""276"", ""131"", ""117"", ""315"", ""97"", ""139"", ""35"", ""414"", ""1581"", ""827"", ""191"", ""849"", ""4320"", ""435"", ""363"", ""149"", ""945"", ""71"", ""490"", ""21"", ""37"", ""1031"", ""619"", ""299"", ""56"", ""37"", ""1"", ""139"", ""77"", ""261"", ""287"", ""170"", ""416"", ""301"", ""518"", ""135"", ""21"", ""90"", ""399"", ""836"", ""1025"", ""1"", ""290"", ""570"", ""498"", ""519"", ""146"", ""101"", ""576"", NA, ""137"", ""208"", ""50"", ""121"", ""5352"", ""428"", ""867"", ""282"", ""3"", ""75"", ""279"", ""8623"", ""221"", ""67"", ""1264"", ""859"", NA, ""12"", ""15"", ""744"", ""185"", ""577""), article.title = c(""Coxiella burnetii antibodies in some Nigerian dairy cows and their suckling calves"", 
""Seroprevalences of brucellosis. Q-fever and toxoplasmosis in slaughter livestock in Trinidad"", ""Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in Danish dairy herds"", ""Q fever"", ""Urban outbreak of Q fever, Briancon, France, March to June 1996"", ""Is Q fever an emerging or re-emerging zoonosis?"", ""Experimental Coxiella burnetii infection in pregnant goats: excretion routes"", ""A survey of Western Australian sheep, cattle and kangaroos to determine the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii"", ""Serologic analysis of a penitentiary group using raw milk from a q fever infected herd"", 
""Estimating disease prevalence in a Bayesian framework using probabilistic constraints"", ""Relationships between the shedding of Coxiella burnetii, clinical signs and serological responses of 34 sheep"", ""Shedding of Coxiella burnetii in ewes in two pregnancies following an episode of Coxiella abortion in a sheep flock"", ""Spread of Coxiella burnetii infection in a flock of sheep after an episode of Q fever"", ""A survey of Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) in California dairy cows"", ""Association between Coxiella burnetii seropositivity and abortion in dairy cattle of Northern Italy"", 
""Influence of three types of farm management on the seroprevalence of Q fever as assessed by an indirect immunofluorescence assay"", ""Report of a serological study of Coxiella burnetii in domestic animals in Albania"", ""Seroprevalence of coxiellosis in cattle, sheep and people in the east of Turkey"", ""Bulk tank milk, reliable tool for diagnosing Q fever in dairy herds?"", ""The serologic prevalence of Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) complement-fixing antibodies in the Peninsular bighorn sheep of Southern California"", 
""Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence of shepherds and their flocks in the lower Saint-Lawrence River region of Quebec, Canada"", ""Serological survey for antibodies to infectious agents in beef cattle in northern South Australia"", ""A cluster of Coxiella burnetii infections associated with exposure to vaccinated goats and their unpasteurized dairy products"", ""Screening of various foodstuffs for occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in Switzerland"", ""Short communication: investigation of Coxiella burnetii occurrence in dairy sheep flocks by bulk-tank milk analysis and antibody level determination"", 
""Shedding routes of Coxiella burnetii in dairy cows: implications for detection and control"", ""Assessing the within-herd prevalence of Coxiella burnetii milk-shedder cows using a real-time PCR applied to bulk tank milk"", ""Coxiella burnetii shedding by dairy cows"", ""Prevention of Coxiella burnetii shedding in infected dairy herds using a phase I C. burnetii inactivated vaccine"", ""Relationship between abortions and seroprevalences to selected infectious agents in dairy cows"", ""Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in selected populations of domestic ruminants in Newfoundland"", 
""Developmental biology of Coxiella burnettii"", ""Q fever is absent from New Zealand"", ""A serological survey of dairy cattle in Victoria for antibody to Coxiella burnetii"", ""Seroepidemiology of Coxiella burnetii in domestic and companion animals in Japan"", ""Q fever in Zimbabwe. A review of the disease and the results of a serosurvey of humans, cattle, goats and dogs"", ""Seroprevalence of Q fever (coxiellosis) in sheep from the Southern Marmara Region, Turkey"", ""An update on a serologic survey of Q Fever in domestic animals in Iran"", 
""Coxiella burnetii in bulk tank milk samples, United States"", ""Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from bull semen"", ""Serosurvey on the occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in Ontario cattle"", ""Serosurvey of Coxiella burnetii infection in dairy goat herds in Ontario. A comparison of two methods of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay"", ""Q fever: an emerging public health concern in Canada"", ""The seroprevalence of coxiellosis (Q fever) in Ontario sheep flocks"", ""Occurrence of Coxiella burnetti antibodies in cattle, sheep and small terrestrial mammals in the western region of Bohemia"", 
""Herd-level Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence was not associated with herd-level breeding performance in Czech dairy herds"", ""Q Fever in Colombia, S.A. A Serological Survey of Human and Bovine Populations"", ""Decreasing prevalence of Q fever in Illinois"", ""An epidemiological study on Q fever in the Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy"", ""Occurrence, distribution, and role in abortion of Coxiella burnetii in sheep and goats in Sardinia, Italy"", ""Q fever"", ""Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) among man and farm animals in North Sinai"", 
""Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) seroprevalence in cattle"", ""Prevalence of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii among veterinary school dairy herds in the United States, 2003"", ""Sexually transmitted Q fever"", ""occurrence and geographic distribution of Q fever antibodies in Alabama dairy cattle"", ""Q fever in North-East Scotland"", ""A review of prevalences of paratuberculosis in farmed animals in Europe"", ""Bayesian mixture models for within-herd prevalence estimates of bovine paratuberculosis based on a continuous ELISA response"", 
""Detection of Coxiella burnetii by immunomagnetic separation-PCR in the milk of sheep in Turkey"", ""Incidence of ovine abortion by Coxiella burnetii in northern Spain"", ""Prevalence of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) in bulk tank milk in England and Wales"", ""The serological prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in sheep and goats in northern Greece"", ""Diagnosis of Coxiella burnetii-related abortion in Italian domestic ruminants using single-tube nested PCR"", ""Epidemiological study of Q fever in humans, ruminant animals, and ticks in Cyprus using a geographical information system"", 
NA, ""Incidence of Q fever among cattle, sheep and goats in the Upper Nile province in southern Sudan"", ""Dairy cows as reservoirs of Coxiella burnetii in Zimbabwe"", ""The prevalence of Q-fever antibodies in dairy cows in El Salvador"", ""Q fever, State of art, epidemiology, diagnosis and prophylaxis"", ""Comparison of Coxiella burnetii shedding in milk of dairy bovine, caprine, and ovine herds"", ""Coxiella burnetii shedding routes and antibody response after outbreaks of Q fever-induced abortion in dairy goat herds"", 
""Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) and Toxoplasma gondii among dairy goats in California"", ""Prevalence of Coxiella burnetti infection in wild and farmed ungulates"", ""Seroepidemiological study of Q fever in domestic ruminants in semi-extensive grazing systems"", ""Serologic survey in animals of ‘Q’ fever in Nuevo Leon"", ""Brucellosis and Q-fever seroprevalences of nomadic pastoralists and their livestock in Chad"", ""Serological patterns of brucellosis, leptospirosis and Q fever in Bos indicus cattle in Cameroon"", 
""Q Fever in human and livestock populations in Oman"", ""Hyperendemic focus of Q fever related to sheep and wind"", ""Wind in November. Q fever in December"", ""Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in dairy cattle with reproductive disorders"", ""Prevalence of Q fever in domestic animals with reproductive disorders"", ""Q fever in the Netherlands: an update on the epidemiology and control measures"", ""Q fever outbreak in Cheltenham, United Kingdom, in 2007 and the use of dispersion modelling to investigate the possibility of airborne spread"", 
""Ovine-associated Q fever"", ""The effect of herd and animal factors on the detection of complement-binding antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in cattle"", ""Serological evidence that the Q fever agent (Coxiella burnetii) has spread widely among dairy cattle of Japan""), volume = c(""11"", ""49"", ""21"", ""140"", ""2"", ""36"", ""34"", NA, ""78"", ""17"", ""148"", ""85"", ""157"", ""35"", ""29"", ""149"", ""175"", ""146"", ""56"", ""75"", ""14"", ""75"", ""47"", ""116"", ""92"", ""37"", ""54"", ""38"", ""26"", ""45"", ""43"", ""7"", ""22"", ""48"", ""131"", ""83"", ""33"", 
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""Paiba"", ""Pape"", ""Parisi"", ""Psaroulaki"", NA, ""Reinthaler"", ""Rhode"", ""Rice"", ""Rodolakis"", ""Rodolakis"", ""Rousset"", ""Ruppanner"", ""Ruiz-Fons"", ""Ruiz-Fons"", ""Salinas-Melédez"", ""Schelling"", ""Scolamacchia"", ""Scrimgeour"", ""Tissot-Dupont"", ""Tissot-Dupont"", ""To"", ""Vaidya"", ""van der Hoek"", ""Wallensten"", ""Webster"", ""Wittenbrink"", ""Yoshiie""), year = c(""1984"", ""1996"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""1997"", ""2005"", ""2003"", ""2009"", ""1963"", ""2006"", ""2001"", ""2002"", ""2005"", ""1974"", ""2006"", ""2001"", ""2008"", ""2000"", ""2009"", ""2006"", 
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""2010"", ""2009"", ""1994"", ""1991""), journal.title = c(""Int. J. Zoonoses"", ""Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop."", ""Acta Vet. Scand."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Euro Surveill."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Public Health Rep."", ""Epidemiology"", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", ""New Microbiol."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. J."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Epidemiol. Santé Anim."", ""Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."", ""Can. J. Infect. Dis."", ""Aust. Vet. J."", ""Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", 
""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", ""Vet. Res."", ""Vaccine"", ""Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. B"", ""Can. Vet. J."", ""Trends Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Epidemiol."", ""Aust. Vet. J."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""S. Afr. Med. J."", ""Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", ""Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Can. J. Public Health"", ""Can. J. Vet. Res."", ""Can. J. Vet. Res."", ""Can. J. Vet. Res."", ""Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Zbl. Vet. Med. B."", ""Public Health Rep."", ""Zentralbl. Bakteriol."", 
""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Clin. Microbiol. Rev."", ""Egypt. J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis."", ""Clin. Infect. Dis."", ""Public Health Rep."", ""Lancet"", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Clin. Microbiol. Infect."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", NA, ""Vet. Rec."", ""Cent. Afr. J. Med."", ""Trop. Anim. Health Prod."", ""Small Rum. Res."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", 
""Vet. Microbiol."", ""BMC Vet. Res."", ""Rev. Latinoam. Microbiol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""PLoS One"", ""Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."", ""Am. J. Epidemiol."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Vet. Med. Sci."", ""Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", ""Euro Surveill."", ""Euro Surveill."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."", ""Microbiol. Immunol.""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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""Association between Coxiella burnetii seropositivity and abortion in dairy cattle of Northern Italy"", ""Seroprevalence of coxiellosis in cattle, sheep and people in the east of Turkey"", ""A cluster of Coxiella burnetii infections associated with exposure to vaccinated goats and their unpasteurized dairy products"", ""Application of diagnostic tests in veterinary epidemiologic studies"", ""Shedding routes of Coxiella burnetii in dairy cows: Implications for detection and control"", ""Prevention of Coxiella burnetii shedding in infected dairy herds using a phase I C. burnetii inactivated vaccine"", 
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""Comparison of Coxiella burnetii shedding in milk of dairy bovine, caprine, and ovine herds"", ""Comparative diagnostic potential of three serological tests for abortive Q fever in goat herds"", NA, ""Detection of Coxiella burnetii in cow's milk using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)""), volume = c(""23"", ""72"", ""148"", ""85"", ""29"", ""146"", ""47"", ""45"", ""37"", NA, ""11"", ""42"", ""12"", ""1078"", ""1078"", NA, NA, ""62"", ""90"", ""124"", NA, ""41""), author = c(""Arricau-Bouvery"", ""Berri"", ""Berri"", ""Berri"", ""Cabassi"", ""Cetinkaya"", 
""Fishbein"", ""Greiner"", ""Guatteo"", ""Guatteo"", ""Kim"", ""Kovacova"", ""Maurin"", ""Montes"", ""Oporto"", ""Paiba"", NA, ""Rodolakis"", ""Rodolakis"", ""Rousset"", NA, ""Willems""), year = c(""2005"", ""2000"", ""2001"", ""2002"", ""2006"", ""2000"", ""1992"", ""2000"", ""2006"", ""2008"", ""2005"", ""1998"", ""1999"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""1999"", NA, ""2006"", ""2007"", ""2007"", NA, ""1994""), journal.title = c(""Vaccine"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""New Microbiol."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Res."", 
""Vaccine 26:"", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Acta Virol."", ""Clin. Microbiol. Rev."", ""Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."", ""Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."", NA, NA, ""Small Rumin. Res."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", NA, ""Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. B.""), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Rickettsiae and Rickettsia Diseases at the Turn of the Third Millennium"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Pascual-Velasco, F. 1996. Fiebre Q. Consejería Sanidad y Bienestar Social. Ed. Junta de Castilla y León, Zamora, Spain."", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Sáez de Ocáriz, C., J. L. Gelabert, and R. A. Juste. 1987. Encuesta serológica sobre la difusión de algunas enfermedades del ganado ovino Latxo. Informes Técnicos no. 5. Servicio de Publicaciones del Dpto. de Agricultura y Pesca del Gobierno Vasco, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain."", NA))","S0022030209704692",NA,"en","list(name = ""INIA"", award = ""FAU2006-00002-C04-01"")","list(date = c(""2009-04-01"", ""2019-01-14""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 3575), URL = c(""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"", ""http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/""))",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"García-Pérez","2009","García-Pérez et al., 2009"
"Veterinary Microbiology","2011-03-17","2020-06-17","2011-08","10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007","2025-05-22","0378-1135","3-4","2011-08","78","291-300","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","34","34","49","Insights into the dynamics of endemic Coxiella burnetii infection in cattle by application of phase-specific ELISAs in an infected dairy herd","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007","151",NA,"Veterinary Microbiology","list(given = c(""Jens"", ""Annette"", ""Britta"", ""Michaela"", ""Armin"", ""Andreas"", ""Norbert""), family = c(""Böttcher"", ""Vossen"", ""Janowetz"", ""Alex"", ""Gangl"", ""Randt"", ""Meier""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113511001453?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113511001453?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(issue = c(""4"", ""35"", ""2"", NA, ""10"", ""9"", ""4"", NA, ""7"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1–2"", ""7"", ""5"", NA, NA, ""2"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""7"", NA, ""7"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1""), key = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0005"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0010"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0015"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0020"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0025"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0030"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0035"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0040"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0045"", 
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""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0110"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0115"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0120"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0125"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0130"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0135"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0140"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0145"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0150"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0155"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0160"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007_bib0165""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", 
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""197"", ""423"", ""390"", ""859"", ""175"", ""353"", ""580"", ""935"", ""201"", ""281"", ""51""), DOI = c(""10.1007/BF00140132"", ""10.1051/vetres:2005010"", ""10.1093/infdis/148.2.214"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(01)00480-1"", ""10.1128/IAI.64.10.4143-4147.1996"", NA, ""10.1128/JCM.22.4.484-487.1985"", ""10.1093/ije/16.2.282"", ""10.1128/JCM.36.7.1823-1834.1998"", ""10.1051/vetres:2007038"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.06.023"", ""10.1128/IAI.48.2.359-365.1985"", ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.1998.tb00813.x"", ""10.3201/eid0705.010504"", NA, NA, ""10.1080/00480169.2009.58619"", 
NA, NA, ""10.1016/S1045-1056(03)00024-1"", ""10.1016/S0934-8840(11)80287-2"", ""10.3168/jds.2006-815"", ""10.1016/S0167-5699(97)80019-9"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1292/jvms.60.859"", ""10.1016/0008-6215(96)87610-5"", ""10.1016/0167-5699(93)90235-D"", ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.1994.tb00267.x"", ""10.1128/JCM.24.6.935-939.1986"", NA, ""10.1099/00222615-19-3-281"", ""10.1111/j.1348-0421.1998.tb01969.x""), article.title = c(""Clinical aspects and prevention of Q fever in animals"", ""Is Q fever an emerging or re-emerging zoonosis?"", ""Initial clinical and immunologic evaluation of a new phase I Q fever vaccine and skin test in humans"", 
""Shedding of Coxiella burnetii in ewes in two pregnancies following an episode of Coxiella abortion in a sheep flock"", ""Production of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor β by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Q fever endocarditis"", ""Q fever in the Netherlands: a concise overview and implications of the largest ongoing outbreak"", ""Immunglobulin responses in acute Q fever"", ""An important out-break of human Q fever in a Swiss Alpine valley"", ""Diagnosis of Q Fever"", ""Coxiella burnetii shedding by dairy cows"", 
""Prevention of Coxiella burnetii shedding in infected dairy herds using a phase I C. burnetii inactivated vaccine"", ""Lipopolysaccaride variation in Coxiella burnetii: intrastrain heterogeneity in structure an antigenicity"", ""Relationship between abortions and seroprevalences to selected infectious agents in dairy cows"", ""Changing epidemiology of Q fever in Germany, 1947–1999"", ""Unvorhergesehener Q-Fieber-Ausbruch während eines Tierversuchs mit Schafen und Folgerungen für die Praxis"", ""Vaccination of cattle workers at risk of Q fever on the north coast of New South Wales"", 
NA, ""Coxiellosis (Q fever) in animals"", ""The developmental cycle of Coxiella burnetii"", ""BVDV and innate immunity"", ""Studies of the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q-fever, in the foothills of the southern Bavarian forest"", ""Comparison of Coxiella burnetii shedding in milk of dairy bovine, caprine, and ovine herds"", ""The Th1/Th2 paradigm"", ""Untersuchungen zur Verbreitung des Q-Fiebers bei Rindern in Nordbayern und zu Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Impfung"", 
""Untersuchungen zu Coxiella burnetii-Infektionen und Infektion mit Bakterien der Gattung Chlamydia in Milchviehbetrieben"", ""Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen von Coxiella burnetii bei Schafen und Zecken der Gattung Dermacentor marginatus in Baden-Württemberg"", ""Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in dairy cattle with reproductive disorders"", ""Structural study on a lipopolysaccharide from Coxiella burnetii strain Nine Mile in avirulent phase II"", ""Bidirectional cytokine interactions in the maternal-fetal relationship: is successful pregnancy a TH2 phenomenon?"", 
""Detection of Coxiella burnetii in Cow's Milk using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)"", ""Humoral immune response to Q fever: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody response to Coxiella burnetii in experimentally infected guinea pigs"", ""Q-Fieber beim Rind: Vorkommen. Bekämpfung mit Hilfe der Impfung und/oder antibiotischen Behandlung"", ""Antibody responses in acute and chronic Q fever and in subjects vaccinated against Q fever"", ""Detection of Coxiella burnetii from dust in a barn housing dairy cattle""
), volume = c(""5"", ""23"", ""148"", ""85"", ""64"", ""66"", ""22"", ""16"", ""36"", ""38"", ""26"", ""48"", ""45"", ""7"", ""122"", ""29"", ""57"", ""vol. 1"", NA, ""31"", ""278"", ""90"", ""18/6"", ""41"", ""113"", ""111"", ""60"", ""283"", ""14"", ""41"", ""24"", ""41"", ""19"", ""42""), author = c(""Aitken"", ""Arricau-Bouvery"", ""Ascher"", ""Berri"", ""Capo"", ""Delsing"", ""Dupuis"", ""Dupuis"", ""Fournier"", ""Guatteo"", ""Guatteo"", ""Hackstadt"", ""Hässig"", ""Hellenbrand"", ""Henning"", ""Huston"", ""Kittelberger"", ""Lang"", ""McCaul"", ""Peterhans"", ""Rehacek"", ""Rodolakis"", ""Romagnani"", 
""Roth"", ""Sting"", ""Sting"", ""To"", ""Toman"", ""Wegmann"", ""Willems"", ""Williams"", ""Woernle"", ""Worswick"", ""Yanase""), year = c(""1989"", ""2005"", ""1983"", ""2002"", ""1996"", ""2008"", ""1985"", ""1987"", ""1998"", ""2000"", ""2008"", ""1985"", ""1998"", ""2001"", ""2009"", ""2000"", ""2009"", ""1990"", ""1991"", ""2003"", ""1993"", ""2007"", ""1997"", ""1986"", ""2000"", ""2004"", ""1998"", ""1996"", ""1993"", ""1994"", ""1986"", ""1986"", ""1985"", ""1998""), journal.title = c(""Eur. J. Epidemiol."", ""Vet. Res."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Infect. Immun."", ""Neth. J. Med."", 
""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Epidemiol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Res."", ""Vaccine"", ""Infect. Immun."", ""J. Vet. Med. B"", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Berl. Münch. Tierärztl. Wschr."", ""Aust. Fam. Physician"", ""N. Z. Vet. J."", NA, NA, ""Biologicals"", ""Zbl. Bakt."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Immunol. Today"", ""Tier. Umsch."", ""Berl. Münch. Tierärztl. Wschr."", ""Dtsch. Tier. Wschr."", ""J. Vet. Med. Sci."", ""Carbohydr. Res."", ""Immunol. Today"", ""J. Vet. Med. B"", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Tier. Umsch."", ""J. Med. Microbiol."", 
""Microbiol. Immunol.""), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Q fever: The Biology of Coxiella burnetii"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0378113511001453",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2011-08-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Böttcher","2011","Böttcher et al., 2011"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2009-06-01","2025-02-09","2010-01","10.1017/s0950268809002854","2025-03-22","0950-2688,1469-4409","1","2009-06-01","56","21-27","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","28","28","84","<i>Coxiella burnetii</i>(Q fever) seroprevalence in cattle","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268809002854","138","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>Human cases of Q fever appear to be common in Northern Ireland compared to the rest of the British Isles. The purpose of this study was to describe the seroepidemiology of<jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii</jats:italic>infection in cattle in Northern Ireland in terms of seroprevalence and determinants of infection. A total of 5182 animals (from a stratified systematic random sample of 273 herds) were tested with a commercial<jats:italic>C. burnetii</jats:italic>phase 2 IgG ELISA. A total of 6·2% of animals and 48·4% of herds tested positively. Results from a multilevel logistic regression model indicated that the odds of cattle being infected with Q fever increased with age, Friesian breed, being from large herds and from dairy herds. Large dairy herd animal prevalence was 12·5% compared to 2·1% for small beef herds. Preliminary seroprevalence in sheep (12·3%), goats (9·3%), pigs (0%) rats (9·7%) and mice (3·2%) using indirect immunofluorescence is reported.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""C."", ""L. J."", ""J. P."", ""F. D."", ""S. J."", ""H. J."", ""D. E."", ""C. R."", ""P. V.""), family = c(""McCAUGHEY"", ""MURRAY"", ""McKENNA"", ""MENZIES"", ""McCULLOUGH"", ""O'NEILL"", ""WYATT"", ""CARDWELL"", ""COYLE""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268809002854"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268809002854_ref009"", ""S0950268809002854_ref017"", ""S0950268809002854_ref019"", ""S0950268809002854_ref008"", ""S0950268809002854_ref024"", ""S0950268809002854_ref018"", ""S0950268809002854_ref002"", ""S0950268809002854_ref025"", ""S0950268809002854_ref021"", ""S0950268809002854_ref004"", ""S0950268809002854_ref010"", ""S0950268809002854_ref003"", ""S0950268809002854_ref022"", ""S0950268809002854_ref015"", ""S0950268809002854_ref007"", ""S0950268809002854_ref005"", ""S0950268809002854_ref028"", ""S0950268809002854_ref013"", 
""S0950268809002854_ref020"", ""S0950268809002854_ref016"", ""S0950268809002854_ref027"", ""S0950268809002854_ref026"", ""S0950268809002854_ref006"", ""S0950268809002854_ref023"", ""S0950268809002854_ref011"", ""S0950268809002854_ref001"", ""S0950268809002854_ref012"", ""S0950268809002854_ref014""), first.page = c(""155"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""23"", NA, NA, ""211"", NA, ""2413"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""56"", NA, ""31"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""30"", NA), article.title = c(""Coxiella burnetii antibodies in some Nigerian dairy cows and their suckling calves"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Association between Coxiella burnetii seropositivity and abortion in dairy cattle of Northern Italy"", NA, ""Enzyme immunoassay for surveillance of Q fever"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Serosurvey on the occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in Ontario cattle"", NA, ""Large ongoing Q fever outbreak in the south of The Netherlands, 2008"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Infections with Coxiella burnetii in man and animals in The Netherlands"", NA), volume = c(""11"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, ""29"", NA, ""46"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""79"", NA, ""13"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""267"", NA), author = c(""Adesiyun"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Lang"", NA, NA, ""Cabassi"", NA, ""Behymer"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Lang"", NA, ""Schimmer"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Houwers"", NA), year = c(""1984"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1990"", NA, NA, ""2006"", NA, ""1985"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1988"", NA, ""2008"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1987"", NA), journal.title = c(""International Journal of Zoonoses"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""New Microbiology"", 
NA, ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Canadian Journal of Public Health"", NA, ""Eurosurveillance"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene [A]"", NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
NA, ""publisher""), DOI = c(NA, ""10.3201/eid1104.041036"", ""10.20506/rst.20.2.1293"", ""10.1136/vr.149.22.669"", ""10.1017/S0950268800001540"", NA, ""10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68266-4"", ""10.2460/javma.2002.221.796"", NA, NA, ""10.2460/ajvr.1985.46.11.2413"", NA, ""10.1051/vetres:2007060"", ""10.1136/vr.144.19.519"", ""10.1089/15303660260613747"", NA, ""10.1017/S0031182000081014"", ""10.2105/AJPH.75.7.763"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.06.023"", ""10.2807/ese.13.31.18939-en"", ""10.1136/oem.52.10.644"", ""10.1007/BF00140140"", 
""10.1136/vr.146.5.131"", ""10.1016/j.jinf.2006.10.048"", NA, ""10.1136/vr.131.21.490""), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Q fever, Vol I. The Disease"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""4. Department of Agriculture and Rural Development. European Union Farm Structure Survey 2005 (http://www.dardni.gov.uk/index/publications/pubs-dard-statistics/european-union-structure-survey-2005.htm). Accessed 20 December 2008."", 
NA, ""3. Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs. Zoonoses Report, United Kingdom 2004 (http://www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/diseases/zoonoses/zoonoses_reports/zoonoses2004.pdf). Accessed 20 December 2008."", NA, NA, NA, ""5. Department of Agriculture and Rural Development. The agricultural census in Northern Ireland: Results for June 2007 (http://www.dardni.gov.uk/index/publications/pubs-dard-statistics/agricultural-census-2007.htm). Accessed 20 December 2008."", NA, NA, ""20. Sting R , Studies of Coxiella burnetii infections in dairy herds with special regard to infections in men [in German]. Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 2002; 115: 360–365."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0950268809002854","2009-06-01","en","NULL","list(date = ""2009-06-01"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"McCAUGHEY","2009","McCAUGHEY et al., 2009"
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""Relationships between the shedding of Coxiella burnetii, clinical signs and serological responses of 34 sheep"", ""Shedding of Coxiella burnetii in ewes in two pregnancies following an episode of Coxiella abortion in a sheep flock"", ""Progression of Q Fever and Coxiella burnetii shedding in milk after an outbreak of enzootic abortion in a goat herd"", ""Association between Coxiella burnetii seropositivity andabortion in dairy cattle of Northern Italy"", ""Confirmation by PCR of Coxiella burnetii infection in animals at a zoo in Lisbon, Portugal"", 
""Diagnosis of Coxiella burnetii by PCR in aborted foetuses of domestic ruminants in Portugal"", NA, ""Scientific opinion on Q Fever"", NA, ""Investigation of Coxiella burnetii occurrence in dairy sheep flocks by bulk-tank milk analysis and antibody level determination"", ""Large Q fever outbreak due to sheep farming near residential areas. Germany, 2005"", ""Shedding routes of Coxiella burnetii in dairy cows: implications for detection and control"", ""Coxiella burnetii shedding by dairy cows"", ""Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in domestic ruminants: a critical review"", 
""Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in clinically healthy German sheep flocks"", ""Seroprevalence of Q fever (coxiellosis) in sheep from the southern Marmara region, Turkey"", ""Multigenotype Q Fever outbreak, The Netherlands"", ""Occurrence, distribution, and role in abortion of Coxiella burnetii in sheep and goats in Sardinia, Italy"", ""Q Fever"", ""Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) seroprevalence in cattle"", ""Q fever"", ""Q fever epidemic among employees in a factory in the suburb of Zadar"", ""An outbreak of Q fever in Bulgaria"", 
""The serological prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in sheep and goats in northern Greece"", ""A superspreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers’ market in Germany"", ""Q fever, state of art: Epidemiology, diagnosis and prophylaxis"", ""Molecular Epidemiology of Coxiella burnetii from ruminants in Q fever outbreak, the Netherlands"", ""The Q fever epidemic in The Netherlands: history, onset, response and reflection"", ""Chapter 2.1.1.2 – Q fever"", ""Seroepidemiological study of Q fever in domestic ruminants in semi-extensive grazing systems"", 
""Clinical indicators of exposure to Coxiella burnetii in dairy herds"", ""Q fever: a revision of concepts"", ""Genotypic diversity of clinical Coxiella burnetii isolates from Portugal based on MST and MLVA typing"", ""The use of a geographic information system to identify a dairy goat farm as the most likely source of an urban Q-fever outbreak"", ""Seroprevalence and risk factors of Q fever in goats on commercial dairy goat farms in the Netherlands, 2009–2010"", ""Seroprevalence and risk factors for Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) seropositivity in dairy goat farmers’ households in The Netherlands, 2009–2010"", 
NA, ""Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in dairy cattle with reproductive disorders"", ""Economic assessment of Q fever in the Netherlands"", ""Coxiella burnetii in bulk tank milk samples from dairy goat and sheep farms in The Netherlands"", ""Q fever in the Netherlands: an update on the epidemiology and control measures"", ""Assessing the long-term health impact of Q-fever in the Netherlands: a prospective cohort study started in 2007 on the largest documented Q-fever outbreak to date"", ""Q fever (Coxiellosis): epidemiology and pathogenesis""
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"Epidemiology and Infection","2017-10-17","2022-08-04","2017-11","10.1017/s0950268817002308","2025-04-25","0950-2688,1469-4409","15","2017-10-17","56","3131-3142","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","42","42","21","Estimation of the frequency of Q fever in sheep, goat and cattle herds in France: results of a 3-year study of the seroprevalence of Q fever and excretion level of<i>Coxiella burnetii</i>in abortive episodes","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268817002308","145","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>A study was carried out, from 2012 to 2015, in 10 French<jats:italic>départements</jats:italic>to estimate the serological prevalence of Q fever and the frequency of abortive episodes potentially related to<jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii</jats:italic>in a large sample of cattle, sheep and goat herds. The serological survey covered 731 cattle, 522 sheep and 349 goat herds, randomly sampled. The frequency of abortive episodes potentially related to<jats:italic>C. burnetii</jats:italic>was estimated by investigating series of abortions in 2695 cattle, 658 sheep and 105 goat herds using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses and complementary serological results when needed. The average between-herd seroprevalence was significantly lower for cattle (36·0%) than for sheep (55·7%) and goats (61·0%) and significantly higher for dairy herds (64·9% for cattle and 75·6% for sheep) than for meat herds (18·9% for cattle and 39·8% for sheep). Within-herd seroprevalence was also significantly higher for goats (41·5%) than for cattle (22·2%) and sheep (25·7%). During the study period, we estimated that 2·7% (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>= 90), 6·2% (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>= 48) and 16·7% (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>= 19) of the abortive episodes investigated could be ‘potentially related to<jats:italic>C. burnetii’</jats:italic>in cattle, sheep and goat herds, respectively. Overall, strong variability was observed between<jats:italic>départements</jats:italic>and species, suggesting that risk factors such as herd density and farming practices play a role in disease transmission and maintenance.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""K."", ""E."", ""J. B."", ""R."", ""S."", ""E."", ""R."", ""P."", ""A."", ""D."", ""C.""), family = c(""GACHE"", ""ROUSSET"", ""PERRIN"", ""DE CREMOUX"", ""HOSTEING"", ""JOURDAIN"", ""GUATTEO"", ""NICOLLET"", ""TOURATIER"", ""CALAVAS"", ""SALA""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268817002308"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268817002308_ref16"", ""S0950268817002308_ref32"", ""S0950268817002308_ref13"", ""S0950268817002308_ref3"", ""S0950268817002308_ref38"", ""S0950268817002308_ref34"", ""S0950268817002308_ref21"", ""S0950268817002308_ref39"", ""S0950268817002308_ref25"", ""S0950268817002308_ref24"", ""S0950268817002308_ref18"", ""S0950268817002308_ref8"", ""S0950268817002308_ref30"", ""S0950268817002308_ref4"", ""S0950268817002308_ref37"", ""S0950268817002308_ref36"", ""S0950268817002308_ref19"", ""S0950268817002308_ref11"", ""S0950268817002308_ref12"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Perrin J-B , Absence of bovine brucellosis confirmed in 2014, but vigilance must be maintained. Bulletin épidémiologique, animal health and nutrition (http://bulletinepidemiologique.mag.anses.fr/sites/default/files/BEP-mg-BE71-eng-art2.pdf). Accessed 12 Mai 2017."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""13"", NA, NA, ""117"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""21"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""23"", ""1593"", NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Q fever in humans and farm animals in four European countries, 1982 to 2010"", NA, NA, ""Démarche d'appréciation du risque d'excrétion de Coxiella burnetii dans les troupeaux caprins laitieres dans le sud-est de la France"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Adoption by a network's laboratories of a validated quantitative real-time PCR method for monitoring Q fever abortions in ruminant livestock"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Scientific opinion on Q fever"", NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""18"", NA, NA, ""55"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""8"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""8"", NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Georgiev"", NA, NA, ""Dubuc-Forfait"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Rousset"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Lang"", NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2013"", NA, NA, ""2009"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2012"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1990"", ""2010"", NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Eurosurveillance"", NA, NA, ""Epidémiologie et santé animale"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Euroreference"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""EFSA J"", NA, NA))","S0950268817002308","2017-10-17","en","NULL","list(date = ""2017-10-17"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/policypage","list(value = ""Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 "", name = ""license"", label = ""License"", group.name = ""copyright_and_licensing"", group.label = ""Copyright and Licensing"")",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"GACHE","2017","GACHE et al., 2017"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2020-01-20","2020-01-20","2020","10.1017/s0950268819002115","2025-05-13","0950-2688,1469-4409",NA,"2020","56",NA,"10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","49","49","24","Cross-sectional serosurvey of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in healthy cattle and sheep from extensive grazing system in central Italy","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268819002115","148","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
	  <jats:p>A cross-sectional survey was carried out to estimate the seroprevalence of <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii</jats:italic> in extensively grazed cattle and sheep from central Italy and to identify the related risk factors. Data on notified human Q fever cases in the area were also collected and described. A two-stage cluster sampling was performed. A total of 5083 animals (2210 cattle; 2873 sheep) belonging to 186 farms (92 herds; 94 flocks) were tested for the presence of antibodies against <jats:italic>C. burnetii</jats:italic> using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The prevalence at the animal-level resulted three times higher in sheep compared to cattle (37.8% <jats:italic>vs.</jats:italic> 12.0%; <jats:italic>χ</jats:italic><jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 270.10, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The prevalence at the herd-level was also higher in sheep than in cattle (87.2% <jats:italic>vs.</jats:italic> 68.5%; <jats:italic>χ</jats:italic><jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 9.52, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). The multivariate analysis showed a higher risk of seropositivity for cattle aged 67–107 months (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.86–4.18), cattle &gt;107 months of age (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.36–3.14) and mixed breed cattle (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.11–2.72). A herd size &gt;92 animals was recognized as herd-level risk factor in cattle (OR 6.88, 95% CI 1.67–28.37). The risk of being seropositive was double in sheep belonging to flocks &gt;600 animals (odds ratio (OR) 2.04, 95% CI 1.63–2.56). Sheep were confirmed to be the most exposed species. Nevertheless, the prevalence observed in cattle also suggests the potential involvement of this species in the circulation of the pathogen in the area. Seven confirmed human Q fever cases were reported. In five out of seven cases there was at least one exposed herd within a 5 km buffer. Even though the source of the infection was not identified, the possibility of <jats:italic>C. burnetii</jats:italic> circulating in the livestock and human population in the study area cannot be overlooked. The integration between veterinary and human surveillance will be crucial to understand the spread of this zoonosis and to support the adoption of appropriate control measures.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3099-8137"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""G."", ""M."", ""F."", ""C."", ""N."", ""P."", ""F."", ""G."", ""M.""), family = c(""Barlozzari"", ""Sala"", ""Iacoponi"", ""Volpi"", ""Polinori"", ""Rombolà"", ""Vairo"", ""Macrì"", ""Scarpulla""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268819002115"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268819002115_ref47"", ""S0950268819002115_ref20"", ""S0950268819002115_ref23"", ""S0950268819002115_ref7"", ""S0950268819002115_ref16"", ""S0950268819002115_ref15"", ""S0950268819002115_ref12"", ""S0950268819002115_ref6"", ""S0950268819002115_ref9"", ""S0950268819002115_ref19"", ""S0950268819002115_ref4"", ""S0950268819002115_ref21"", ""S0950268819002115_ref11"", ""S0950268819002115_ref14"", ""S0950268819002115_ref43"", ""S0950268819002115_ref8"", ""S0950268819002115_ref5"", ""S0950268819002115_ref41"", ""S0950268819002115_ref24"", 
""S0950268819002115_ref17"", ""S0950268819002115_ref25"", ""S0950268819002115_ref27"", ""S0950268819002115_ref28"", ""S0950268819002115_ref38"", ""S0950268819002115_ref29"", ""S0950268819002115_ref18"", ""S0950268819002115_ref34"", ""S0950268819002115_ref2"", ""S0950268819002115_ref36"", ""S0950268819002115_ref13"", ""S0950268819002115_ref30"", ""S0950268819002115_ref31"", ""S0950268819002115_ref3"", ""S0950268819002115_ref37"", ""S0950268819002115_ref1"", ""S0950268819002115_ref32"", ""S0950268819002115_ref48"", ""#cr-split#-S0950268819002115_ref33.1"", 
""#cr-split#-S0950268819002115_ref33.2"", ""S0950268819002115_ref39"", ""S0950268819002115_ref40"", ""S0950268819002115_ref22"", ""S0950268819002115_ref35"", ""S0950268819002115_ref42"", ""S0950268819002115_ref26"", ""S0950268819002115_ref45"", ""S0950268819002115_ref10"", ""S0950268819002115_ref44"", ""S0950268819002115_ref46""), first.page = c(""151"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""286"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""e05500"", ""1"", NA, NA, ""211"", NA, NA, ""865"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""827"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""190""), article.title = c(""First report of Brucella suis biovar 2 in a semi free-range pig farm, Italy"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and foodborne outbreaks in 2017"", ""Coxiella burnetii associated reproductive disorders in domestic animals – a critical review"", NA, NA, ""Association between Coxiella burnetii seropositivity and abortion in dairy cattle of Northern Italy"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Shedding routes of Coxiella burnetii in dairy cows: implications for detection and control"", NA, NA, ""Development of harmonised schemes for the monitoring and reporting of Q-fever in animals in the European Union"", NA, ""Molecular investigation of the occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in wildlife and ticks in an endemic area""), volume = c(""51"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""124"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""16"", 
""39"", NA, NA, ""29"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""37"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""147""), author = c(""Barlozzari"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Rousset"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Barlow"", NA, NA, ""Cabassi"", NA, NA, ""Dohoo"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Guatteo"", NA, NA, ""Sidi-Boumedine"", NA, ""Billinis""), year = c(""2015"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2007"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2018"", ""2008"", 
NA, NA, ""2006"", NA, NA, ""2009"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2006"", NA, NA, ""2010"", NA, ""2011""), journal.title = c(""Veterinaria Italiana"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Comparative diagnostic potential of three serological tests for abortive Q fever in goat herds"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""EFSA Journal"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", NA, NA, ""New Microbiologica"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary Research"", NA, NA, ""EFSA Scientific Report on Question No EFSA-Q-2009-00511"", 
NA, ""Small Ruminant Research""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA), DOI = c(NA, ""10.1136/vr.149.22.669"", ""10.1017/S0950268809002854"", ""10.3168/jds.2006-815"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.10.007"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1595"", ""10.1136/vr.148.16.502"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.06.002"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.02.006"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.02.010"", ""10.1177/0300985818760376"", ""10.4269/ajtmh.2009.80.1031"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2012.03.002"", ""10.1128/AEM.00690-08"", ""10.1093/femsle/fnv132"", 
""10.1017/S0950268810002268"", ""10.1111/j.1467-842X.1997.tb01787.x"", NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0008623"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.007"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.05.014"", ""10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.05.006"", ""10.1002/0471722146"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.01.006"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.09.015"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1051/vetres:2007038"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.06.023"", ""10.1186/1751-0147-55-13"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.07.016"", ""10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02154.x"", ""10.1186/s12879-018-3135-4"", 
NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.02.022"", ""10.1016/S0934-8840(11)80606-7"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-6-3"", ""10.1186/s12917-018-1499-8"", ""10.1051/vetres:2006038"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.07.007"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-7-13"", NA, ""10.3201/eid2202.150106"", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Ferrari G (2016) Foot and mouth disease vaccination and post-vaccination monitoring: Guidelines. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations & World Organisation for Animal Health Inc, pp. 82."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""European Commission, Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (2018) Commission Implementing Decision"", ""(EU) 2018/945 of 22 June 2018 on the communicable diseases and related special health issues to be covered by epidemiological surveillance as well as relevant case definitions, The Official Journal of the European Union L series 170, 1-74."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary Epidemiologic Research"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0950268819002115","2020-01-20","en","NULL","list(date = ""2020-01-20"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 19, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Barlozzari","2020","Barlozzari et al., 2020"
"Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","2011-08-29","2019-06-14","2011-09","10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003","2025-04-18","0147-9571","5","2011-09","78","419-427","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","45","45","103","High prevalence of Hepatitis E virus in French domestic pigs","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003","34",NA,"Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","list(given = c(""Nicolas"", ""Aurélie"", ""Virginie"", ""Thiziri"", ""Florent"", ""Marc"", ""François"", ""Nicole""), family = c(""Rose"", ""Lunazzi"", ""Dorenlor"", ""Merbah"", ""Eono"", ""Eloit"", ""Madec"", ""Pavio""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0147957111000579?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0147957111000579?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0005"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0010"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0015"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0020"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0025"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0030"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0035"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0040"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0045"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0050"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0055"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0060"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0065"", 
""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0070"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0075"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0080"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0085"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0090"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0095"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0100"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0105"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0110"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0115"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0120"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0125"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0130"", 
""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0135"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0140"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0145"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0150"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0155"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0160"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0165"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0170"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0175"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0180"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0185"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0190"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0195"", 
""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0200"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0205"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0210"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0215"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0220"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003_bib0225""), series.title = c(""Virus taxonomy: eighth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses"", NA, ""Fields virology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Symposium of the International Society for Animal Hygiene; 2004 October 11–13"", 
NA, NA, ""SAS/STAT User's Guide"", NA, NA, ""Veterinary Epidemiologic Research"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(""853"", ""1"", ""3051"", ""859"", ""811"", ""337"", ""19"", ""371"", ""1958"", ""825"", ""1732"", ""48"", ""289"", ""2009"", ""1086"", ""305"", ""1684"", ""525"", ""9860"", ""130"", ""223"", ""1579"", ""851"", ""912"", ""2889"", ""117"", ""55"", ""329"", ""149"", NA, ""65"", NA, ""117"", ""411"", NA, ""47"", NA, ""3"", NA, ""206"", ""69"", ""835"", ""110"", ""5"", ""2351""), article.title = c(""Genus hepevirus"", ""Molecular biology and pathogenesis of hepatitis E virus"", 
""Hepatitis E virus"", ""Chronic hepatitis E with cirrhosis in a kidney-transplant recipient"", ""Hepatitis E virus and chronic hepatitis in organ-transplant recipients"", ""Hepatitis E in France: surveillance data for human cases, 2006–2008"", ""Données de surveillance des cas humains d’hépatite E en France 2006–2009"", ""Zoonotic transmission of hepatitis E virus from deer to human beings"", ""Hepatitis E virus transmission from wild boar meat"", ""Pig liver sausage as a source of Hepatitis E virus transmission to humans"", 
""Phylogenetic and case-control study on hepatitis E virus infection in Germany"", ""Epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in the United States: results from the third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988–1994"", ""High prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus antibodies in blood donors from South West France"", ""Prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus antibodies in French blood donors"", ""A national survey of acute hepatitis E in France"", ""Prevalence of hepatitis E virus antibodies in pigs: implications for human infections in village-based subsistence pig farming in the Lao PDR"", 
""Identification of genotype 3 hepatitis E virus (HEV) in serum and fecal samples from pigs in Thailand and Mexico, where genotype 1 and 2 HEV strains are prevalent in the respective human populations"", ""Detection and characterisation of swine hepatitis E virus in New Zealand"", ""A novel virus in swine is closely related to the human hepatitis E virus"", ""Distribution of hepatitis E virus infection and its prevalence in pigs on commercial farms in Spain"", ""Hepatitis E virus antibodies in swine herds of Mato Grosso State, Central Brazil"", 
""Identification of the first strain of swine hepatitis E virus in South America and prevalence of anti-HEV antibodies in swine in Argentina"", ""Swine hepatitis E virus strains in Japan form four phylogenetic clusters comparable with those of Japanese isolates of human hepatitis E virus"", ""Detection and characterization of infectious Hepatitis E virus from commercial pig livers sold in local grocery in the USA"", ""Human AMDR Hepatitis E virus RNA in commercial porcine livers in The Netherlands"", ""Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E virus in veterinarians working with swine and in normal blood donors in the United States and other countries"", 
""Unexpected high prevalence of IgG-antibodies to hepatitis E virus in Swedish pig farmers and controls"", ""The use of Bayesian methods for evaluating the performance of a virus-like particles-based ELISA for serology of hepatitis E virus infection in swine"", ""Production of long term, low-cost specific pathogen free pigs"", NA, ""A broadly reactive one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for rapid and sensitive detection of hepatitis E virus"", NA, ""Regression analysis for sample survey"", ""A simple method for approximating the variance of a complicated estimate"", 
NA, ""Widespread diffusion of genotype 3 hepatitis E virus among farming swine in Northern Italy"", ""Hepatitis E virus is highly prevalent in the Danish pig population"", ""Viral and antibody HEV prevalence in swine at slaughterhouse in Italy"", ""The course of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs after contact-infection and intravenous inoculation"", ""Hepatitis E virus load in swine organs and tissues at slaughterhouse determined by real-time RT-PCR"", ""Long-term shedding of hepatitis E virus in the feces of pigs infected naturally, born to sows with and without maternal antibodies"", 
""Characteristics of autochthonous hepatitis E virus infection in solid-organ transplant recipients in France"", ""E virus genotype 3 diversity, France"", ""Phylogenetic analysis of global hepatitis E virus sequences: genetic diversity, subtypes and zoonosis"", ""Sporadic acute or fulminant hepatitis E in Hokkaido, Japan, may be food-borne, as suggested by the presence of hepatitis E virus in pig liver as food""), author = c(""Emerson"", ""Jameel"", ""Purcell"", ""Gerolami"", ""Kamar"", ""Nicand"", ""Nicand"", ""Tei"", 
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""Arch. Virol."", ""J. Clin. Virol."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Virol. J."", ""Vet. J."", ""Lancet"", ""J. Gen. Virol.""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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NA, ""10.1136/vr.154.3.80"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2003.07.003"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2011.12.002"", ""10.1177/030098589803500101"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(96)01266-7"", ""10.1186/s13567-015-0207-y"", ""10.1080/00480169.1998.36043"", ""10.2460/javma.1994.204.12.1943"", ""10.1051/vetres:2000069"", ""10.1128/JCM.41.1.58-62.2003""))","S0378113516301614",NA,"en","list(name = c(""Regional Council of Brittany"", ""CRP regional swine committee’"", ""Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health France"", ""Zoetis"", ""MSD""), DOI = c(NA, NA, NA, ""10.13039/100012895"", NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA), id.id = c(NA, NA, NA, ""10.13039/100012895"", NA), id.id.type = c(NA, NA, NA, ""DOI"", NA), id.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA))","list(date = ""2016-08-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""Factors associated with herd-level PRRSV infection and age-time to seroconversion in farrow-to-finish herds"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.06.006"", ""article"", ""© 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", ""Journal Title"", ""CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"", ""Content Type"", 
""Copyright""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Fablet","2016","Fablet et al., 2016"
"Viruses","2022-09-01","2025-01-17",NA,"10.3390/v14091944","2025-06-11","1999-4915","9","2022-08-31","1968","1944","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","35","35","16","Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSv): A Cross-Sectional Study on ELISA Seronegative, Multivaccinated Sows","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091944","14","<jats:p>Vaccination against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSv) is widely used to control clinical disease, but the effectiveness appears in some cases to be suboptimal. Field reports have stated the presence of routinely PRRSv-vaccinated but ELISA seronegative sows: the ELISA non-responders. The real extent of this phenomenon (prevalence–origin–consequences) was not yet investigated. In this study, the prevalence of ELISA non-responders was assessed by measuring PRRSv-specific antibodies in 1400 sows, originating from 70 PRRSv-vaccinating sow herds, using IDEXX ELISA (ELISA 1) and CIVTEST E/S ELISA (ELISA 2). Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) were quantified in a virus neutralization assay. Univariable logistic regression was used to identify herd risk factors for the presence of ELISA non-responders. The global prevalence of non-responders varied from 3.5% (ELISA 1) to 4.1% (ELISA 2), the herd-level prevalence was 40% and the within-herd prevalence ranged from 5% to 20% (ELISA 1) and from 5% to 30% (ELISA 2). The ELISA non-responders had significantly lower NAbs than the ELISA responders. Herds using the combination of one modified live vaccine and one killed vaccine had a significantly reduced risk of having ELISA non-responders. A first assessment of the prevalence and possible consequences of ELISA non-responders has been provided by this study. The clinical importance, origin and underlying immunological mechanisms warrant further research.</jats:p>","Viruses","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3721-274X"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9781-5289"", NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9163-9381"", NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, FALSE, NA, FALSE, NA), given = c(""Jorian"", ""Marylène"", ""Ann Brigitte"", ""Xavier"", ""Dominiek""), family = c(""Fiers"", ""Tignon"", ""Cay"", ""Simons"", ""Maes""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""Unit Viral Re-emerging, Enzootic and Bee diseases, Department Infectious diseases in animals, Sciensano, Groeselenbergstraat 99, 1066 Ukkel, Belgium"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA), affiliation2.name = c(""Unit of Porcine Health Management, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium"", NA, NA, NA, NA), affiliation.name = c(NA, ""Unit Viral Re-emerging, Enzootic and Bee diseases, Department Infectious diseases in animals, Sciensano, Groeselenbergstraat 99, 1066 Ukkel, Belgium"", ""Unit Viral Re-emerging, Enzootic and Bee diseases, Department Infectious diseases in animals, Sciensano, Groeselenbergstraat 99, 1066 Ukkel, Belgium"", 
""Unit Veterinary Epidemiology, Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Rue Ernest Blerot 1, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium"", ""Unit of Porcine Health Management, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium""))","list(URL = ""https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/9/1944/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref_1"", ""ref_2"", ""ref_3"", ""ref_4"", ""ref_5"", ""ref_6"", ""ref_7"", ""ref_8"", ""ref_9"", ""ref_10"", ""ref_11"", ""ref_12"", ""ref_13"", ""ref_14"", ""ref_15"", ""ref_16"", ""ref_17"", ""ref_18"", ""ref_19"", ""ref_20"", ""ref_21"", ""ref_22"", ""ref_23"", ""ref_24"", ""ref_25"", ""ref_26"", ""ref_27"", ""ref_28"", ""ref_29"", ""ref_30"", ""ref_31"", ""ref_32"", ""ref_33"", ""ref_34"", ""ref_35""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""), first.page = c(""001632"", ""475"", ""307"", ""1659"", NA, ""385"", ""16"", NA, ""500"", ""3704"", ""4069"", NA, ""1078"", ""110"", ""2032"", ""9543"", ""26"", NA, ""23"", ""4318"", ""175"", ""123"", NA, ""302"", ""19"", ""289"", ""33"", ""13"", NA, ""40"", ""438"", NA, ""129"", ""283"", ""25""), DOI = c(""10.1099/jgv.0.001632"", 
""10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.012"", ""10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-307"", ""10.1099/vir.0.020503-0"", ""10.1002/9781119350927.ch41"", ""10.2460/javma.2005.227.385"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.04.006"", ""10.3390/vaccines9020185"", ""10.3389/fvets.2020.00500"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.04.022"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.06.092"", ""10.3390/v11030296"", ""10.1111/tbed.12852"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.04.017"", ""10.3201/eid1512.090390"", ""10.1128/JVI.01341-12"", ""10.1186/s40813-020-00165-z"", ""10.3390/v13122419"", ""10.1186/s40813-018-0096-3"", 
""10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.06.045"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.07.014"", ""10.1136/vr.105432"", NA, NA, ""10.1186/s40813-015-0015-9"", ""10.1177/104063879400600326"", NA, ""10.1016/j.virusres.2018.01.015"", ""10.1186/s12917-014-0300-x"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.10.005"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.02.008"", NA, ""10.1146/annurev-animal-022114-111025"", ""10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.08.002"", ""10.1186/s40813-021-00205-2""), article.title = c(""ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Arteriviridae 2021"", ""PRRSV structure, replication and recombination: Origin of phenotype and genotype diversity"", 
""North American and European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses differ in non-structural protein coding regions"", ""Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus entry into the porcine macrophage"", NA, ""Assessment of the economic impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome on swine production in the United States"", ""Cost of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus at individual farm level—An economic disease model"", NA, ""Modeling Economic Effects of Vaccination Against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome: Impact of Vaccination Effectiveness, Vaccine Price, and Vaccination Coverage"", 
""Challenges for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccinology"", ""Live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines: Current status and future direction"", NA, ""A natural recombinant PRRSV between HP-PRRSV JXA1-like and NADC30-like strains"", ""Recombination in JXA1-R vaccine and NADC30-like strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses"", ""Recombination in vaccine and circulating strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses"", 
""Complete genome sequence of a novel variant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strain: Evidence for recombination between vaccine and wild-type PRRSV strains"", ""Production losses five months after outbreak with a recombinant of two PRRSV vaccine strains in 13 Danish sow herds"", NA, ""Initial vaccination and revaccination with Type I PRRS 94881 MLV reduces viral load and infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", ""Maternally-derived neutralizing antibodies reduce vaccine efficacy against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection"", 
""Maternally-derived antibodies (MDAs) impair piglets’ humoral and cellular immune responses to vaccination against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)"", ""Using commercial ELISAs to assess humoral response in sows repeatedly vaccinated with modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", NA, ""Bioveiligheid op varkensbedrijven: Ontwikkeling van een online scoresysteem en de resultaten van de eerste 99 deelnemende bedrijven"", ""Performance of ELISAs for detection of antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum of pigs after PRRSV type 2 live vaccination and challenge"", 
""A modified serum neutralization test for the detection of antibody to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in swine sera"", ""Laboratory diagnosis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infection"", ""Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus neutralizing antibodies provide in vivo cross-protection to PRRSV1 and PRRSV2 viral challenge"", NA, ""Comparison of six commercial ELISAs for the detection of antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in field serum samples"", 
""Comparison of different vaccination schedules for sustaining the immune response against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"", NA, ""Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV): Pathogenesis and Interaction with the Immune System"", ""Immune response against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus during acute and chronic infection"", ""Purchasing policy, quarantine and acclimation practices of breeding gilts in Belgian pig farms""), volume = c(""102"", ""479–480"", 
""80"", ""91"", NA, ""227"", ""142"", NA, ""7"", ""27"", ""33"", NA, ""65"", ""204"", ""15"", ""86"", ""6"", NA, ""4"", ""37"", ""192"", ""186"", NA, ""79"", ""1"", ""6"", ""4"", ""248"", NA, ""121"", ""197"", NA, ""4"", ""126"", ""7""), author = c(""Brinton"", ""Kappes"", ""Allende"", ""Delputte"", NA, ""Neumann"", ""Nathues"", NA, ""Thomann"", ""Kimman"", ""Renukaradhya"", NA, ""Wang"", ""Liu"", ""Li"", ""Wenhui"", ""Kristensen"", NA, ""Kroll"", ""Renson"", ""Fablet"", ""Mateu"", NA, ""Laanen"", ""Sattler"", ""Yoon"", ""Collins"", ""Robinson"", NA, ""Biernacka"", ""Gimeno"", NA, ""Lunney"", ""Molina"", 
""Bernaerdt""), year = c(""2021"", ""2015"", ""1999"", ""2010"", NA, ""2005"", ""2017"", NA, ""2020"", ""2009"", ""2015"", NA, ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2020"", NA, ""2018"", ""2019"", ""2016"", ""2020"", NA, ""2010"", ""2015"", ""1994"", ""1996"", ""2018"", NA, ""2018"", ""2013"", NA, ""2016"", ""2008"", ""2021""), journal.title = c(""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", NA, ""J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, ""Front. Vet. Sci."", ""Vaccine"", ""Vaccine"", NA, ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", 
""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Virol."", ""Porcine Health Manag."", NA, ""Porcine Health Manag."", ""Vaccine"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, ""Vlaams Diergeneeskd. Tijdschr."", ""Porcine Health Manag."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."", ""J. Swine Health Prod."", ""Virus Res."", NA, ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Vet. J."", NA, ""Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci."", ""Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."", ""Porcine Health Manag.""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Zimmerman, J.J., Karriker, L.A., Ramirez, A., Schwartz, K.J., Stevenson, G.W., and Zhang, J. (2019). Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses (Porcine Arteriviruses) in Diseases of Swine, John Wiley & Sons. [11th ed.]."", 
NA, NA, ""Chae, C. (2021). Commercial PRRS Modified-Live Virus Vaccines. Vaccines, 9."", NA, NA, NA, ""Eclercy, J., Renson, P., Lebret, A., Hirchaud, E., Normand, V., Andraud, M., Paboeuf, F., Blanchard, Y., Rose, N., and Bourry, O. (2019). A Field Recombinant Strain Derived from Two Type 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV-1) Modified Live Vaccines Shows Increased Viremia and Transmission in SPF Pigs. Viruses, 11."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Vandenbussche, F., Mathijs, E., Tignon, M., Vandersmissen, T., and Cay, A.B. (2021). WGS- versus ORF5-Based Typing of PRRSV: A Belgian Case Study. Viruses, 13."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""(2020, October 18). Biocheck. Ugent: Prevention Is Better Than Cure!. Available online: https://biocheck.ugent.be/en."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Sattler, T., Wodak, E., Revilla-Fernández, S., and Schmoll, F. (2014). Comparison of different commercial ELISAs for detection of antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum. BMC Vet. Res., 10."", NA, NA, ""Baker, B., Thacker, E., Thacker, B., and Vincent, A. (1999, January 17). A Preliminary Investigation into Possible PRRSV Anergy Induction from Repeated Immunization with A Modified Live Vaccine. Proceedings of the 26th Allen, D. Leman Swine Conference, Minneapolis, MN, USA."", 
NA, NA, NA))","v14091944","2022-08-31","en","list(DOI = c(""10.13039/501100011091"", NA), name = c(""Belgian Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment"", ""Viral Re-emerging Enzootic and Bee diseases (Sciensano)""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", NA), award = c(""RF19/6335"", NA), id.id = c(""10.13039/501100011091"", NA), id.id.type = c(""DOI"", NA), id.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", NA))","list(date = ""2022-08-31"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Fiers","2022","Fiers et al., 2022"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2013-01-18","2024-05-04","2013-10","10.1017/s0950268812003007","2025-06-10","0950-2688,1469-4409","10","2013-01-18","56","2074-2082","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","28","28","15","Within-herd prevalence of<i>Salmonella</i>Dublin in endemically infected dairy herds","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268812003007","141","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>In this study within-herd prevalence of<jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic>Dublin was investigated in three age groups (calves, young stock, adult cows) during five herd visits at 3-month intervals of 14 endemically infected dairy herds. A total of 10162 paired faecal cultures and antibody measurements were used to calculate the age and temporal dynamics of seroprevalence and prevalence of positive faecal cultures. Faecal culture-positive prevalence was generally low. It was highest (5·4%) in calves during December to February. Seroprevalence varied from 0% to 70% between herds, but was generally more stable in young stock and adult cows than in calves. Hierarchical mixed-model results showed that seroprevalence was associated with the bacteriological status in calves and cows, but not in young stock. These results can be used to develop and validate theoretical infection dynamics models and to design effective control programmes for<jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic>Dublin in dairy herds.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = ""L. R."", family = ""NIELSEN"", sequence = ""first"")","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268812003007"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268812003007_ref26"", ""S0950268812003007_ref25"", ""S0950268812003007_ref19"", ""S0950268812003007_ref18"", ""S0950268812003007_ref17"", ""S0950268812003007_ref16"", ""S0950268812003007_ref15"", ""S0950268812003007_ref14"", ""S0950268812003007_ref12"", ""S0950268812003007_ref10"", ""S0950268812003007_ref9"", ""S0950268812003007_ref7"", ""S0950268812003007_ref6"", ""S0950268812003007_ref3"", ""S0950268812003007_ref2"", ""S0950268812003007_ref28"", ""S0950268812003007_ref21"", ""S0950268812003007_ref22"", ""S0950268812003007_ref27"", 
""S0950268812003007_ref23"", ""S0950268812003007_ref5"", ""S0950268812003007_ref24"", ""S0950268812003007_ref1"", ""S0950268812003007_ref20"", ""S0950268812003007_ref11"", ""S0950268812003007_ref13"", ""S0950268812003007_ref8"", ""S0950268812003007_ref4""), first.page = c(""966"", NA, NA, NA, ""1895"", NA, ""268"", NA, NA, ""1391"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2418"", NA, NA, ""258"", NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(""Incidence of Salmonella infections in Danish cattle herds 1992–1998 [in Danish]"", NA, NA, NA, 
""Effect of calf age and Salmonella bacterin type on ability to produce immunoglobulins directed against Salmonella whole cells or lipopolysaccharide"", NA, ""Serodiagnosis of Salmonella dublin infection in Danish dairy herds using O-antigen based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay"", NA, NA, ""Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serologic detection of Salmonella dublin carriers on a large dairy"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Review of pathogenesis and diagnostic methods of immediate relevance for epidemiology and control of Salmonella Dublin in cattle"", 
NA, ""Salmonella enterica serotype Dublin infection: an emerging infectious disease for the northeastern United States"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(""82"", NA, NA, NA, ""53"", NA, ""58"", NA, NA, ""54"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""37"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(""Steffensen"", NA, NA, NA, ""Da"", NA, ""Hoorfar"", NA, NA, ""House"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Nielsen"", NA, ""McDonough"", NA, NA, ""Andersen"", NA, NA, NA), year = c(""1999"", NA, NA, NA, ""1992"", NA, ""1994"", NA, 
NA, ""1993"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2012"", NA, ""1999"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(""Dansk Veterinærtidsskrift"", NA, NA, NA, ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", NA, ""Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"", NA, NA, ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary Microbiology"", NA, ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", 
NA, ""publisher"", NA, ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.11.006"", ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.1984.tb01314.x"", ""10.1017/S0950268807000179"", ""10.2460/ajvr.1992.53.10.1895"", ""10.1177/104063870401600306"", NA, ""10.1046/j.1365-2672.2004.02151.x"", NA, ""10.2460/ajvr.1993.54.09.1391"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(01)00276-8"", 
""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.02.005"", ""10.1017/S0950268807000209"", ""10.1016/S0007-1935(17)37634-0"", ""10.3168/jds.2011-4332"", ""10.1017/S0022172400069758"", ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.1993.tb00171.x"", ""10.1016/0378-1135(95)00134-4"", ""10.1136/vr.c4943"", NA, NA, ""10.1128/JCM.37.8.2418-2427.1999"", ""10.3168/jds.2009-2528"", ""10.1016/S0007-1935(17)31641-X"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.006"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.09.015"", ""10.1016/j.foodres.2011.02.027""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Nielsen LR . Salmonella Dublin in dairy cattle: use of diagnostic tests for investigation of risk factors and infection dynamics (PhD thesis). The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 2003, pp. 1–219."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veling J . Diagnosis and control of Salmonella Dublin infections on Dutch dairy farms (PhD thesis). Animal Health Service, Deventer, The Netherlands, 2004, pp. 1–173."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proceedings of the 9th Symposium of ISVEE"", NA, NA, NA))","S0950268812003007","2013-01-18","en","NULL","list(date = ""2013-01-18"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"NIELSEN","2013","NIELSEN, 2013"
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"Viruses","2020-09-11","2024-07-03",NA,"10.3390/v12091013","2025-06-16","1999-4915","9","2020-09-10","1968","1013","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","87","87","11","Infection Dynamics of Swine Influenza Virus in a Danish Pig Herd Reveals Recurrent Infections with Different Variants of the H1N2 Swine Influenza A Virus Subtype","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/v12091013","12","<jats:p>Influenza A virus (IAV) in swine, so-called swine influenza A virus (swIAV), causes respiratory illness in pigs around the globe. In Danish pig herds, a H1N2 subtype named H1N2dk is one of the main circulating swIAV. In this cohort study, the infection dynamic of swIAV was evaluated in a Danish pig herd by sampling and PCR testing of pigs from two weeks of age until slaughter at 22 weeks of age. In addition, next generation sequencing (NGS) was used to identify and characterize the complete genome of swIAV circulating in the herd, and to examine the antigenic variability in the antigenic sites of the virus hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) proteins. Overall, 76.6% of the pigs became PCR positive for swIAV during the study, with the highest prevalence at four weeks of age. Detailed analysis of the virus sequences obtained showed that the majority of mutations occurred at antigenic sites in the HA and NA proteins of the virus. At least two different H1N2 variants were found to be circulating in the herd; one H1N2 variant was circulating at the sow and nursery sites, while another H1N2 variant was circulating at the finisher site. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that individual pigs had recurrent swIAV infections with the two different H1N2 variants, but re-infection with the same H1N2 variant was also observed. Better understandings of the epidemiology, genetic and antigenic diversity of swIAV may help to design better health interventions for the prevention and control of swIAV infections in the herds.</jats:p>","Viruses","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8199-8444"", NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-5555"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4575-2241"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7762-4757"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4948-9946"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5039-3178""), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE), given = c(""Tarka"", ""Pia"", ""Jens"", ""Lars"", ""Inge"", ""Anthony"", ""Nicole"", ""Soren""), family = c(""Bhatta"", ""Ryt-Hansen"", ""Nielsen"", ""Larsen"", ""Larsen"", ""Chamings"", 
""Goecke"", ""Alexandersen""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia"", ""Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark"", ""Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia""
), affiliation2.name = c(""School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia"", ""Division for Diagnostics &amp; Scientific Advice, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"", ""School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia""), affiliation3.name = c(""Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Barwon Health, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia""), affiliation.name = c(NA, ""Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark"", ""Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark"", ""Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark"", ""Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark"", 
NA, NA, NA))","list(URL = ""https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/9/1013/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref_1"", ""ref_2"", ""ref_3"", ""ref_4"", ""ref_5"", ""ref_6"", ""ref_7"", ""ref_8"", ""ref_9"", ""ref_10"", ""ref_11"", ""ref_12"", ""ref_13"", ""ref_14"", ""ref_15"", ""ref_16"", ""ref_17"", ""ref_18"", ""ref_19"", ""ref_20"", ""ref_21"", ""ref_22"", ""ref_23"", ""ref_24"", ""ref_25"", ""ref_26"", ""ref_27"", ""ref_28"", ""ref_29"", ""ref_30"", ""ref_31"", ""ref_32"", ""ref_33"", ""ref_34"", ""ref_35"", ""ref_36"", ""ref_37"", ""ref_38"", ""ref_39"", ""ref_40"", ""ref_41"", ""ref_42"", ""ref_43"", ""ref_44"", ""ref_45"", ""ref_46"", ""ref_47"", ""ref_48"", ""ref_49"", ""ref_50"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), DOI = c(""10.1371/journal.ppat.1003657"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.07.039"", ""10.1038/nrg2053"", ""10.1016/B978-0-12-384890-1.00028-5"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01236.x"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0115815"", ""10.1186/s12985-018-0920-z"", NA, ""10.1111/zph.12049"", NA, ""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00164-4"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-43-24"", ""10.1016/0147-9571(85)90003-7"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.11.014"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0224854"", ""10.1186/s13567-019-0655-x"", ""10.1038/ncomms7696"", ""10.1098/rsif.2016.0138"", 
""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.01.004"", ""10.1099/vir.0.028662-0"", ""10.1128/JVI.00840-15"", ""10.3201/eid/1706.101886"", ""10.1111/irv.12451"", ""10.1186/1743-422X-10-290"", ""10.1371/journal.pbio.3000003"", ""10.3390/v4091438"", ""10.3390/v12020248"", ""10.2183/pjab.88.226"", ""10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05829.x"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0191574"", ""10.1186/1743-422X-10-244"", ""10.1186/1743-422X-7-351"", ""10.1073/pnas.0911580106"", ""10.3390/v10040183"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/0378-1135(95)00145-X"", ""10.1128/JCM.39.7.2525-2530.2001"", 
""10.1016/S0065-3527(08)00403-X"", ""10.1177/1040638719890863"", NA, NA, ""10.1007/s00705-010-0636-x"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.10.015"", ""10.1128/JVI.01109-09"", ""10.1186/1471-2105-5-113"", ""10.1016/S0022-2836(05)80360-2"", NA, ""10.1093/bioinformatics/btm404"", ""10.1093/molbev/msw054"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00331.x"", ""10.1093/nar/gkw857"", ""10.1098/rstb.2001.1001"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0008553"", ""10.1016/0092-8674(82)90135-0"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2018.07.013"", ""10.3389/fimmu.2019.00098"", ""10.1099/jgv.0.000748"", 
""10.1186/1743-422X-11-163"", ""10.1038/303041a0"", ""10.1016/0042-6822(84)90114-4"", ""10.1016/0042-6822(82)90244-6"", ""10.1016/0042-6822(85)90157-6"", NA, NA, ""10.1038/s41598-017-11272-3"", ""10.1128/mSphere.00275-16"", ""10.1007/s002329900466"", ""10.1093/oso/9780195135848.001.0001"", ""10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05026.x"", ""10.1128/jvi.67.6.2972-2980.1993"", NA, ""10.1371/journal.pone.0210700"", ""10.1016/S0165-2427(03)00019-9"", ""10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00688-6"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2014.02.011"", ""10.1111/irv.12105"", ""10.3389/fimmu.2019.01677"", 
""10.1186/1297-9716-44-72"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0032119"", ""10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.015"", ""10.1073/pnas.81.6.1779"", ""10.1128/JVI.78.18.9605-9611.2004"", ""10.1053/rvsc.1998.0277"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00171-1"", ""10.1051/vetres:2006062""), first.page = c(NA, ""D49"", ""196"", NA, ""310"", NA, ""7"", ""75"", ""4"", NA, ""29"", ""24"", ""247"", ""543"", NA, ""36"", ""1"", ""20160138"", ""45"", ""1184"", ""9920"", ""1049"", ""298"", ""290"", NA, ""1438"", NA, ""226"", ""178"", NA, ""244"", ""351"", ""20365"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""325"", ""2525"", ""127"", ""51"", 
NA, NA, ""665"", ""47"", ""10309"", NA, ""403"", ""pdb"", ""2947"", ""1870"", ""404"", ""D466"", ""1871"", NA, ""417"", ""131"", ""98"", ""895"", ""163"", ""41"", ""30"", ""450"", ""237"", ""310"", NA, ""1"", ""e00275-16"", ""1"", NA, ""49"", ""2972"", ""678"", NA, ""23"", ""1375"", ""169"", ""1260"", ""1677"", ""72"", NA, ""2694"", ""1779"", ""9605"", ""47"", ""109"", ""243""), article.title = c(NA, ""The biology of influenza viruses"", ""The evolution of epidemic influenza"", NA, ""Genetic and antigenic evolution of swine influenza viruses in Europe and evaluation of their zoonotic potential"", 
NA, ""Molecular subtyping of European swine influenza viruses and scaling to high-throughput analysis"", ""Evidence for the natural transmission of influenza A virus from wild ducks to swine and its potential importance for man"", ""Review of influenza A virus in swine worldwide: A call for increased surveillance and research"", NA, ""The epidemiology and evolution of influenza viruses in pigs"", ""Swine influenza virus infection dynamics in two pig farms; results of a longitudinal assessment"", ""Study of the persistence of activity of the H1N1 influenza virus in swine intensive units out of epidemical phases"", 
""Influenza A virus infection dynamics in swine farms in Belgium, France, Italy and Spain, 2006–2008"", NA, ""Longitudinal field studies reveal early infection and persistence of influenza A virus in piglets despite the presence of maternally derived antibodies"", ""Global migration of influenza A viruses in swine"", ""High turnover drives prolonged persistence of influenza in managed pig herds"", ""Population dynamics of swine influenza virus in farrow-to-finish and specialised finishing herds in the Netherlands"", 
""Reassorted pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus discovered from pigs in Germany"", ""Molecular epidemiology and evolution of influenza viruses circulating within European swine between 2009 and 2013"", ""Reassortant pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in pigs, United Kingdom"", ""Triple-reassortant influenza A virus with H3 of human seasonal origin, NA of swine origin, and internal A (H1N1) pandemic 2009 genes is established in Danish pigs"", ""Genetic and biological characterisation of an avian-like H1N2 swine influenza virus generated by reassortment of circulating avian-like H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes in Denmark"", 
NA, ""Evasion of influenza A viruses from innate and adaptive immune responses"", NA, ""Molecular basis of the structure and function of H1 hemagglutinin of influenza virus"", ""Structural basis of influenza virus neutralization"", NA, ""Cross-reactive human B cell and T cell epitopes between influenza A and B viruses"", ""Conserved epitopes of influenza A virus inducing protective immunity and their prospects for universal vaccine development"", ""Pre-existing immunity against swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses in the general human population"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Dual infections of feeder pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus followed by porcine respiratory coronavirus or swine influenza virus: A clinical and virological study"", ""Interaction between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and swine influenza virus"", ""Swine influenza viruses: A North American perspective"", ""Development of a high-throughput real-time PCR system for detection of enzootic pathogens in pigs"", NA, NA, ""Development and evaluation of a one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for universal detection of influenza A viruses from avian and mammal species"", 
""Limited impact of influenza A virus vaccination of piglets in an enzootic infected sow herd"", ""Single-reaction genomic amplification accelerates sequencing and vaccine production for classical and Swine origin human influenza a viruses"", NA, ""Basic local alignment search tool"", ""Using the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST)"", ""Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0"", ""MEGA7: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets"", ""Influenza research database: An integrated bioinformatics resource for influenza research and surveillance"", 
""Influenza Research Database: An integrated bioinformatics resource for influenza virus research"", ""The predicted antigenicity of the haemagglutinin of the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic suggests an avian origin"", NA, ""The antigenic structure of the influenza virus A/PR/8/34 hemagglutinin (H1 subtype)"", ""Detailed mapping of the linear B Cell epitopes of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of swine influenza virus"", ""T and B cell immune responses to influenza viruses in pigs"", ""Identification of cross-reacting T-cell epitopes in structural and non-structural proteins of swine and pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus strains in pigs"", 
""Identification of swine influenza virus epitopes and analysis of multiple specificities expressed by cytotoxic T cell subsets"", ""Structure of the catalytic and antigenic sites in influenza virus neuraminidase"", ""Antigenic and biological characterization of influenza virus neuraminidase (N2) with monoclonal antibodies"", ""Amino acid sequence changes in antigenic variants of type A influenza virus N2 neuraminidase"", ""Location of antigenic sites on the three-dimensional structure of the influenza N2 virus neuraminidase"", 
""Prediction of glycosylation across the human proteome and the correlation to protein function"", NA, ""Multiple genome constellations of similar and distinct influenza A viruses co-circulate in pigs during epidemic events"", ""A phylogeny-based global nomenclature system and automated annotation tool for H1 hemagglutinin genes from swine influenza A viruses"", ""Peptides and membrane fusion: Towards an understanding of the molecular mechanism of protein-induced fusion"", NA, ""The 2.2 A resolution crystal structure of influenza B neuraminidase and its complex with sialic acid"", 
""Sequence and structure alignment of paramyxovirus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase with influenza virus neuraminidase"", ""Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions when there are strong transition-transversion and G+C-content biases"", NA, ""Effect of maternally derived antibodies on the clinical signs and immune response in pigs after primary and secondary infection with an influenza H1N1 virus"", ""Protection against a European H1N2 swine influenza virus in pigs previously infected with H1N1 and/or H3N2 subtypes"", 
""Evaluation of the antigenic relatedness and cross-protective immunity of the neuraminidase between human influenza A (H1N1) virus and highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus"", ""Prior infection of pigs with a recent human H 3 N 2 influenza virus confers minimal cross-protection against a E uropean swine H 3 N 2 virus"", ""Protective antibodies against influenza proteins"", ""Dynamics of influenza A virus infections in permanently infected pig farms: Evidence of recurrent infections, circulation of several swine influenza viruses and reassortment events"", 
NA, ""A perspective on the structural and functional constraints for immune evasion: Insights from influenza virus"", ""A carbohydrate side chain on hemagglutinins of Hong Kong influenza viruses inhibits recognition by a monoclonal antibody"", ""Effect of the addition of oligosaccharides on the biological activities and antigenicity of influenza A/H3N2 virus hemagglutinin"", ""Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections: Correlations with pathogenicity"", 
""Cytokines in the pathogenesis of influenza"", ""Avian and swine influenza viruses: Our current understanding of the zoonotic risk""), volume = c(NA, ""26"", ""8"", NA, ""56"", NA, ""15"", ""59"", ""61"", NA, ""74"", ""43"", ""8"", ""162"", NA, ""50"", ""6"", ""13"", ""137"", ""92"", ""89"", ""17"", ""11"", ""10"", NA, ""4"", NA, ""88"", ""1217"", NA, ""10"", ""7"", ""106"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""48"", ""39"", ""72"", ""32"", NA, NA, ""155"", ""127"", ""83"", NA, ""215"", ""2007"", ""23"", ""33"", ""6"", ""45"", ""356"", NA, ""31"", ""522"", ""10"", ""98"", ""11"", ""303"", ""135"", ""122"", ""145"", 
""7"", NA, ""7"", ""1"", ""167"", NA, ""11"", ""67"", ""9"", NA, ""92"", ""21"", ""454"", ""7"", ""10"", ""44"", NA, ""429"", ""81"", ""78"", ""67"", ""74"", ""38""), author = c(NA, ""Bouvier"", ""Nelson"", NA, ""Madec"", NA, ""Bonin"", ""Pensaert"", ""Vincent"", NA, ""Brown"", ""Vilar"", ""Madec"", ""Kyriakis"", NA, ""Larsen"", ""Nelson"", ""Pitzer"", ""Loeffen"", ""Starick"", ""Watson"", ""Howard"", ""Krog"", ""Trebbien"", NA, ""Kreijtz"", NA, ""Sriwilaijaroen"", ""Han"", NA, ""Terajima"", NA, ""Greenbaum"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Nauwynck"", ""Thacker"", ""Vincent"", ""Goecke"", NA, NA, ""Nagy"", 
""Larsen"", ""Zhou"", NA, ""Altschul"", ""Mount"", ""Larkin"", ""Kumar"", ""Squires"", ""Zhang"", ""Brownlee"", NA, ""Caton"", ""Wang"", ""Holzer"", ""Baratelli"", ""Pedersen"", ""Colman"", ""Webster"", ""Laver"", ""Air"", ""Gupta"", NA, ""Diaz"", ""Anderson"", ""Pecheur"", NA, ""Burmeister"", ""Colman"", ""Tamura"", NA, ""Loeffen"", ""Gregory"", ""Lu"", ""Qiu"", ""Guerrero"", ""Rose"", NA, ""Wu"", ""Skehel"", ""Abe"", ""Labarque"", NA, NA), year = c(NA, ""2008"", ""2007"", NA, ""2009"", NA, ""2018"", ""1981"", ""2014"", NA, ""2000"", ""2012"", ""1985"", ""2013"", NA, ""2019"", ""2015"", 
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""Identification of H2N3 influenza A viruses from swine in the United States"", ""Isolation and characterization of H4N6 avian influenza viruses from pigs with pneumonia in Canada"", ""Isolation and molecular characterization of equine H3N8 influenza viruses from pigs in China"", ""Isolation of an influenza A virus of unusual subtype (H1N7) from pigs in England, and the subsequent experimental transmission from pig to pig"", ""Genetic and antigenic evolution of swine influenza viruses in Europe and evaluation of their zoonotic potential"", 
""History of Swine influenza viruses in Asia"", ""Swine influenza surveillance in East and Southeast Asia: a systematic review"", ""Epidemic status of Swine influenza virus in china"", ""Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement"", ""Genetic and antigenic evolution of swine influenza viruses in Europe and evaluation of their zoonotic potential"", ""R: A language and environment for statistical computing"", ""Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package"", 
NA, NA, ""Seroprevalence and risk factors of swine influenza in Spain"", ""Survey of disease pressures in twenty-six niche herds in the midwestern United States"", ""A cross-sectional study of risk factors associated with pulmonary lesions in pigs at slaughter"", ""Evidence of human-to-swine transmission of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus in South Korea"", ""Evolution of swine H3N2 influenza viruses in the United States"", ""Swine influenza virus vaccines: to change or not to change-that&apos;s the question"", 
""Review of Influenza A Virus in Swine Worldwide: a Call for Increased Surveillance and Research"", ""Risk indicators for the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, porcine influenza viruses and Aujeszky&apos;s disease virus in slaughter pigs from fattening pig herds"", ""Herd factors associated with the seroprevalences of four major respiratory pathogens in slaughter pigs from farrow-to-finish pig herds"", ""Influenza A Virus Surveillance Based on Pre-Weaning Piglet Oral Fluid Samples"", ""Serological surveillance of H5 and H9 avian influenza A viral infections among pigs in Southern China"", 
""Identification of an H6N6 swine influenza virus in southern China"", ""Avian influenza prevalence in pigs, Egypt"", ""Transmission of influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic viruses in Australian swine"", ""CONSISE statement on the Reporting of Seroepidemiologic Studies for Influenza (ROSES-I statement): an extension of the STROBE statement"", NA, NA, ""Serological investigation of subclinical influenza A(H7H9) infection among healthcare and non-healthcare workers in Zhejiang Province, China"", ""Serologic study for influenza A (H7N9) among high-risk groups in China"", 
""Avian-origin influenza A(H7N9) infection in influenza A(H7N9)-affected areas of China: a serological study"", ""Highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1): pathways of exposure at the animal-human interface, a systematic review"", ""Sero-prevalence of avian influenza in animals and human in Egypt"", ""A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Seroprevalence of Influenza A(H9N2) Infection Among Humans"", ""Transmission of Influenza A Virus in Pigs"", ""Airborne detection and quantification of Swine influenza a virus in air samples collected inside, outside and downwind from Swine barns"", 
""Evidence for freedom from swine influenza in a remote area of Northern Vietnam"", ""Transmission of pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) in Vietnamese swine in 2009–2010"", ""Detection of Novel Reassortant Influenza A (H3N2) and H1N1 2009 Pandemic Viruses in Swine in Hanoi, Vietnam"", ""Effect of herd size on subclinical infection of swine in Vietnam with influenza A viruses"", NA, ""Prevalence of and risk factors for influenza in southern Ontario swine herds in 2001 and 2003"", ""Risk factors for detecting influenza A virus in growing pigs"", 
""Association between Influenza A Virus Infection and Pigs Subpopulations in Endemically Infected Breeding Herds"", ""Influenza Virus Surveillance in Coordinated Swine Production Systems, United States"", ""Infection Dynamics of Pandemic 2009 H1N1 Influenza Virus in a Two-Site Swine Herd"", ""Dynamics of influenza A virus infections in permanently infected pig farms: evidence of recurrent infections, circulation of several swine influenza viruses and reassortment events"", ""Swine influenza virus infection dynamics in two pig farms; results of a longitudinal assessment"", 
""Influenza surveillance in animals: what is our capacity to detect emerging influenza viruses with zoonotic potential?""), volume = c(""459"", ""61"", ""89"", ""20"", NA, NA, ""14"", ""89"", NA, ""370"", ""370"", ""370"", ""138"", ""370"", ""7"", ""80"", ""12"", NA, ""86"", ""153"", ""104"", ""74"", ""154"", ""39"", ""56"", ""370"", ""12"", ""54"", ""4"", ""56"", NA, ""36"", NA, NA, ""149"", ""17"", ""187"", ""48"", ""74"", ""370"", NA, ""46"", ""31"", NA, ""64"", ""11"", ""16"", ""6"", NA, NA, NA, ""57"", ""368"", ""209"", ""6"", ""16"", ""212"", NA, ""8"", ""122"", ""6"", ""62"", ""12"", NA, ""72"", 
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""A Vincent"", ""D Maes"", ""D Maes"", ""Y Panyasing"", ""Z Yuan"", ""G Zhang"", ""A El-Sayed"", ""YM Deng"", ""PW Horby"", NA, NA, ""W Xu"", ""T Bai"", ""S Yang"", ""MD Van Kerkhove"", ""A El-Sayed"", ""SU Khan"", ""M Torremorell"", ""CA Corzo"", ""K Trevennec"", ""K Trevennec"", ""E Baudon"", ""N Takemae"", NA, ""Z Poljak"", ""CA Corzo"", ""A Diaz"", ""BS Kaplan"", ""MW Allerson"", ""N Rose"", ""M Simon-Grife"", ""S Von Dobschuetz""), year = c(""2009"", ""2014"", ""2015"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2012"", ""2009"", ""2011"", NA, ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2009"", ""2013"", ""2015"", 
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""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", ""Influenza Other Respi Viruses"", ""Euro Surveill"", ""Aust Vet J"", NA, ""Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"", ""Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"", ""Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"", ""PLoS Curr"", ""J Virol"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"", ""J Virol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"", ""J Virol"", ""Arch Virol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", ""Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"", ""Anim Health Res Rev"", 
""Indian journal of microbiology"", ""Systematic reviews"", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", NA, ""Journal of Statistical Software"", NA, NA, ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Journal of Swine Health and Production"", ""The Veterinary Journal"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", ""J Virol"", ""Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", ""Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin Reihe B Journal of veterinary medicine Series B"", ""Vet Res"", ""Transbound Emerg Dis"", ""Microbial pathogenesis"", ""Infect Genet Evol"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Influenza Other Respir Viruses"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""CDC. Influenza A (H3N2) Variant Virus: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2015. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"" ext-link-type=\""uri\"" xlink:href=\""http://www.cdc.gov/flu/swineflu/h3n2v-cases.htm\"" xlink:type=\""simple\"">http://www.cdc.gov/flu/swineflu/h3n2v-cases.htm</ext-link> [accessed 01.12.2016]."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations statistic division 2015. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"" ext-link-type=\""uri\"" xlink:href=\""http://faostat3.fao.org/home/E\"" xlink:type=\""simple\"">http://faostat3.fao.org/home/E</ext-link>. (accessed 13 April 2015)."", 
""Bank TW. World Bank Open Data 2015. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"" ext-link-type=\""uri\"" xlink:href=\""http://data.worldbank.org/\"" xlink:type=\""simple\"">http://data.worldbank.org/</ext-link>. (accessed 13 April 2015)."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""WHO. Avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 2015. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"" ext-link-type=\""uri\"" xlink:href=\""http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/\"" xlink:type=\""simple\"">http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/</ext-link> [accessed 30.11.2015]."", 
""CDC. Highly Pathogenic Asian Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in People: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2015. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"" ext-link-type=\""uri\"" xlink:href=\""http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/h5n1-people.htm\"" xlink:type=\""simple\"">http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/h5n1-people.htm</ext-link> [accessed 30.11.2015]."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""FAO. The state of food and agriculture. Rome &lt;<ext-link xmlns:xlink=\""http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"" ext-link-type=\""uri\"" xlink:href=\""http://www.fao.org/docrep/012/i0680e/i0680e00.htm\"" xlink:type=\""simple\"">www.fao.org/docrep/012/i0680e/i0680e00.htm</ext-link>&gt;: 2009."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2017-06-07","en","list(DOI = c(""10.13039/501100007204"", NA, NA, ""10.13039/100000002""), name = c(""CIRAD"", ""Area of Excellence Scheme of the University Grants Committee"", ""Harvard Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences"", ""National Institutes of Health""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", NA, NA, ""publisher""), id.id = c(""10.13039/501100007204"", NA, NA, ""10.13039/100000002""), id.id.type = c(""DOI"", NA, NA, ""DOI""), id.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", NA, NA, ""publisher""
), award = c(NA, ""AoE/M-12/06"", ""U54 GM088558"", ""HHSN272201400006C""))","list(date = ""2017-06-07"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Baudon","2017","Baudon et al., 2017"
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""10.1016/j.micpath.2015.09.002"", ""10.1080/01652176.2006.9695207"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.11.014"", ""10.1093/cid/ciw646"", ""10.7554/eLife.12217"", ""10.1186/s12985-015-0265-9"", ""10.1111/zph.12723"", ""10.1111/zph.12723"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.03.011"", ""10.1111/tbed.13472"", ""10.1016/j.amjms.2016.04.010"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.10.026"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00306-1"", ""10.1637/8055-070907-Reg"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.05.017"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01250.x"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2016.11.004"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0128479"", 
""10.3389/fvets.2020.00647"", ""10.1371/currents.RRN1209"", ""10.3390/v6093438"", ""10.1038/s41598-018-24371-6"", ""10.1007/s00705-018-4091-4"", ""10.1038/s41598-020-76771-2"", ""10.1136/vr.101527"", ""10.1128/JVI.00459-15"", ""10.1038/ncomms7696"", ""10.1016/j.tim.2014.12.002"", ""10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00105-0"", ""10.1007/s11262-014-1153-x"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.07.008"", ""10.1126/science.288.5468.1051"", ""10.1089/vim.2013.0111"", ""10.1128/JCM.02941-14"", ""10.1111/tbed.12019"", NA, ""10.2754/avb200170030327"", ""10.1016/j.jcv.2014.10.014"", 
""10.1128/JVI.01763-16"", ""10.1111/zph.12424"", NA, ""10.1177/104063870401600501"", ""10.1016/j.eng.2019.10.004"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-72"", ""10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.5.30456"", ""10.1016/j.onehlt.2015.03.001"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0053362"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.015"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0115815"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01270.x"", ""10.1186/1472-6963-6-20"", ""10.3390/v11111040"", ""10.1128/JVI.01490-16"", ""10.1111/tbed.12849"", ""10.1186/1743-422X-8-537"", ""10.1186/s12917-016-0844-z"", ""10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283375727"", 
""10.1017/S1466252311000181"", ""10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00324.x"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00688-6"", ""10.1089/vim.2006.19.373"", ""10.1038/nature10004"", ""10.1111/zph.12049"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.011"", ""10.1128/JVI.00840-15"", ""10.1128/JVI.00840-15"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.05.031"", ""10.1128/genomeA.00229-14"", ""10.1073/pnas.1522643113"", ""10.1128/JCM.02467-13"", ""10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.02.096"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.11.008"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2008.11.008"", ""10.4081/gh.2014.31"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2013.07.022""
), volume = c(""484"", ""511"", ""31"", ""8"", ""49"", NA, ""7"", ""12"", ""67"", ""195"", ""59"", NA, ""157"", ""25"", ""20"", ""3"", ""74"", ""75"", ""47"", ""14"", ""159"", ""159"", ""13"", ""163"", ""65"", ""66"", ""19"", ""196"", ""18"", ""14"", NA, ""162"", ""370"", ""190"", ""63"", ""112"", ""10"", ""144"", ""94"", NA, ""157"", ""112"", ""26"", ""47"", ""65"", NA, ""325"", ""3"", ""163"", ""11"", ""63"", ""82"", ""110"", ""6"", ""14"", ""5"", ""47"", ""28"", ""10"", ""54"", ""72"", ""38"", ""131"", ""21"", ""74"", ""60"", ""89"", ""28"", ""162"", ""63"", ""5"", ""12"", NA, NA, ""167"", ""67"", ""352"", ""187"", ""91"", ""52"", ""172"", 
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""RD Wesley"", ""W Wiriyarat"", ""Z Xie"", ""H Yang"", ""JR Yang"", ""H Yu"", ""H Yu"", ""H Yu"", ""JC Zhang"", ""R Zu""), year = c(""2015"", ""2017"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2017"", NA, ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2020"", ""2016"", ""2012"", NA, ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2000"", ""2017"", ""2016"", ""2019"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2010"", ""2004"", ""2002"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2012"", ""2017"", NA, ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2021"", ""2016"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2016"", ""2016"", NA, ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2005"", ""2016"", ""2018"", NA, ""2009"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2016"", ""2001"", 
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""Zu, R., L. Dong, X. Qi, D. Wang, S. Zou, T. Bai, M. Li, X. Li, X. Zhao, C. Xu, X. Huo, N. Xiang, S. Yang, Z. Li, Z. Xu, H. Wang, and Y. Shu. 2013. Virological and serological study of human infection with swine influenza a H1N1 virus in China. Virology 446: 49–55.""), journal.title = c(""Virology"", ""Virology"", ""Vaccine"", ""PLoS One"", ""Brazil. Trop. Anim. Health Prod."", NA, ""Emerg Microbes Infect"", ""PLoS One"", ""Zoonoses and Public Health"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Zoonoses and Public Health"", NA, 
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""accepted"", ""first_online"", ""Ethics"", ""Ethics"", ""Ethics"", ""Ethics""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""First Online"", NA, NA, NA, NA), group.name = c(""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""EthicsHeading"", ""EthicsHeading"", ""EthicsHeading"", ""EthicsHeading""), group.label = c(""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Declarations"", ""Ethics approval and consent to participate"", ""Consent for publication"", ""Competing interests""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Li","2021","Li et al., 2021"
"Veterinary Record Open","2020-09-16","2024-08-13","2020-01","10.1136/vetreco-2020-000399","2025-04-25","2399-2050,2052-6113","1","2020-01","311",NA,"10.1002","Wiley","1","Crossref","44","44","12","A survey of biosecurity measures and serological status for bovine viral diarrhoea virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 on dairy cattle farms in north‐west and north‐east Spain","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1136/vetreco-2020-000399","7","<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Biosecurity is a key measure to reduce and prevent the introduction of diseases to farms and minimise spread of diseases within a herd. The aim of the study was to characterise the current application of biosecurity measures on dairy cattle farms in Spain along with their bovine viral diarrhoea and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis status.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Data on biosecurity measures for 124 dairy herds were collected using a questionnaire. The sanitary status of these farms for bovine viral diarrhoea and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis was also assessed using antibody ELISA. Data were analysed using multiple correspondence analysis and a two‐step cluster analysis.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Three main clusters of farms were identified: clusters 1 and 2 included herds of small and intermediate sizes. These, particularly cluster 1, showed the most deficiencies in the control of vehicles and visitors. However, laboratory tests were always performed on purchased animals. Cluster 3 had the largest herd sizes, with somewhat better biosecurity control of vehicles and visitors. However, farms in this cluster also purchased the most animals, sometimes without testing, and hired external workers more often.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>The study indicated that, in the study population, there are serious shortcomings in the application of biosecurity measures on dairy farms, exposing them to disease transmission. This survey also highlights regional and herd size‐related differences in the implementation of biosecurity. Collecting data is an important first step to identification of specific weaknesses in different farm typologies, and an adequate follow‐up is needed to ensure that measures are implemented correctly on farms.</jats:p></jats:sec>","Veterinary Record Open","list(given = c(""Francisco J"", ""Ignacio"", ""Alberto"", ""Miquel"", ""Mercedes"", ""Bibiana"", ""Sebastián J"", ""Jordi Casal"", ""Eduardo"", ""Francisco J""), family = c(""Villaamil"", ""Arnaiz"", ""Allepuz"", ""Molins"", ""Lazaro"", ""Benavides"", ""Moya"", ""Fabrega"", ""Yus"", ""Dieguez""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""ADSG Costa da Morte A Coruña Spain"", ""Serology Animal Health and Production Laboratory of Galicia Lugo Spain"", 
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"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","2005-10-06","2019-03-28","2005-11","10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011","2023-09-04","0167-5877","1-2","2005-11","78","75-79","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","17","17","6","Prevalence of BVDV infection in Greek dairy herds","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011","72",NA,"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","list(given = c(""C."", ""L."", ""G.S."", ""V."", ""P."", ""M.""), family = c(""Billinis"", ""Leontides"", ""Amiridis"", ""Spyrou"", ""Kostoulas"", ""Sofia""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587705002357?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587705002357?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib1"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib2"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib3"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib4"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib5"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib6"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib7"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib8"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib9"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib10"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib11"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib12"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib13"", 
""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib14"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib15"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib16"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.05.011_bib17""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref""), first.page = c(""698"", ""163"", ""157"", ""27"", NA, ""521"", ""89"", ""9"", ""1575"", NA, ""51"", ""615"", ""421"", ""71"", ""405"", NA, ""144""), DOI = c(""10.1136/vr.154.22.698"", 
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""Pathogenesis and epidemiology of bovine virus diarrhoea virus infection of cattle"", ""Severe acute bovine viral diarrhea in Ontario, 1993–1995"", NA, ""Epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhea virus"", ""Epidemiological features and economical importance of bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections"", ""Prevalence of bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) in 19 Danish dairy herds and estimation of incidence in early pregnancy"", ""Distribution of viral antigen and development of lesions after experimental infection with highly virulent bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in calves"", 
NA, ""Prevalence and epidemiological features of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in Lithuania"", ""Ruminant pestiviruses"", ""The universal system of virus taxonomy updated to include the new proposals ratified by International Committee on taxonomy of viruses during"", ""Estimating prevalence from the results of a screening test"", ""Detection of Erns as a tool for control and eradiction of bovine viral diarrhoea virus."", NA, ""Extra-binomial variation in logistic linear models""), volume = c(""154"", 
""9"", ""18"", ""10"", NA, ""11"", ""64"", ""11"", ""63"", NA, ""99"", ""151"", ""144"", ""107"", NA, NA, ""31""), author = c(""Amiridis"", ""Bolin"", ""Brownlie"", ""Carman"", ""Hosmer"", ""Houe"", ""Houe"", ""Houe"", ""Liebler-Tenorio"", ""Lui"", ""Mockeliuniene"", ""Nettleton"", ""Pringle"", ""Rogan"", ""Schonbauer"", NA, ""Williams""), year = c(""2004"", ""1990"", ""1987"", ""1998"", ""1989"", ""1995"", ""1999"", ""1991"", ""2002"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""1995"", ""1998"", ""1978"", ""2000"", ""2000"", ""1982""), journal.title = c(""Vet. Rec."", ""Rev. Sci. Technol."", ""Ann. Rech. Vet."", 
""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", NA, ""Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Br. Vet. J."", ""Arch. Virol."", ""Am. J. Epidemiol."", NA, NA, ""Appl. Stat.""), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Applied Logistic Regression"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Statistical estimation of epidemiological risk"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on ESVV"", ""SAS Release"", NA))","S0167587705002357",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2005-11-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Billinis","2005","Billinis et al., 2005"
"Scientific Reports","2018-09-20","2022-12-21",NA,"10.1038/s41598-018-32831-2","2025-06-13","2045-2322","1","2018-09-26","297",NA,"10.1038","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","61","61","105","A meta-analysis of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) prevalences in the global cattle population","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32831-2","8","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>A random effect meta-analysis was performed to estimate the worldwide pooled bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) prevalences of persistently infected (PI), viraemic (VI) and antibody-positive (AB) animals and herds. The meta-analysis covered 325 studies in 73 countries that determined the presence or absence of BVDV infections in cattle from 1961 to 2016. In total, 6.5 million animals and 310,548 herds were tested for BVDV infections in the global cattle population. The worldwide pooled PI prevalences at animal level ranged from low (≤0.8% Europe, North America, Australia), medium (&gt;0.8% to 1.6% East Asia) to high (&gt;1.6% West Asia). The PI and AB prevalences in Europe decreased over time, while BVDV prevalence increased in North America. The highest mean pooled PI prevalences at animal level were identified in countries that had failed to implement any BVDV control and/or eradication programmes (including vaccination). Our analysis emphasizes the need for more standardised epidemiological studies to support decision-makers implementing animal health policies for non-globally-regulated animal diseases.</jats:p>","Sci Rep","list(given = c(""Bettina"", ""Franz-Ferdinand"", ""Veronika"", ""Carsten"", ""Clair L."", ""Walter"", ""Walter"", ""Annemarie"", ""Beate""), family = c(""Scharnböck"", ""Roch"", ""Richter"", ""Funke"", ""Firth"", ""Obritzhauser"", ""Baumgartner"", ""Käsbohrer"", ""Pinior""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), ORCID = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4919-7786"", NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, 
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NA, ""J Tratalos"", ""B Thomann"", ""HH Thulke"", ""IMGA Santman-Berends"", ""H Van Campen"", NA, ""FV Bauermann"", ""BW Newcomer"", ""RL Smith"", ""MC Gates"", NA, ""S Sarrazin"", ""GH Loneragan"", ""GM Zimmer"", ""R Fux"", ""M Hilbe"", ""LL Almeida"", ""AF Viet"", ""Z Nigussie"", ""JF Ridpath"", ""DA Graham"", ""C Pellerin"", ""JF Ridpath"", ""Kadir Yeşilbağ"", ""J Gurevitch"", ""RC Paule"", ""AA Veroniki"", ""MF Freeman"", ""John J. Miller"", ""JP Higgins"", ""M Egger"", NA, ""RD Cook"", ""Zoran Bursac"", ""W Viechtbauer""), year = c(""2005"", ""2016"", ""2017"", 
""2017"", ""1987"", ""2005"", ""2018"", ""2004"", NA, ""2006"", ""1995"", ""2011"", ""2017"", ""1999"", ""2003"", ""2016"", NA, ""2016"", ""1963"", ""2014"", NA, ""2012"", NA, NA, ""1991"", NA, ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2010"", NA, ""2017"", ""2015"", ""2014"", ""2013"", NA, ""2013"", ""2005"", ""2004"", ""2012"", ""2007"", ""2013"", ""2007"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2001"", ""1994"", ""2000"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""1982"", ""2016"", ""1950"", ""1978"", ""2003"", ""1997"", NA, ""1977"", ""2008"", ""2010""), unstructured = c(""Moennig, V., Houe, H. & Lindberg, A. BVD control in Europe: current status and perspectives. Anim. Health. Res. Rev. 6, 63–74 (2005)."", 
""Burgstaller, J. et al. The effect of bovine viral diarrhoea virus on fertility in dairy cows: two case-control studies in the province of Styria, Austria. Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. 129, 103–110 (2016)."", ""Richter, V. et al. A systematic worldwide review of the direct monetary losses in cattle due to bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection. Vet. J. 220, 80–87 (2017)."", ""Pinior, B. et al. A systematic review of financial and economic assessments of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) prevention and mitigation activities worldwide. Prev. Vet. Med. 137, 77–92 (2017)."", 
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""BVDV control and eradication in European update"", ""Bulk milk testing for antibody seroprevalences to BVDV and BHV-1 in a rural region of Peru"", ""Ruminant alphaherpesviruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1"", ""Validation of a bulk tank milk antibody ELISA to detect dairy herds likely infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus in New Zealand"", NA, ""Diva vaccines that reduce virus transmission"", ""Risk factors for existence of bovine herpes virus 1 antibodies on nonvaccinating Dutch dairy farms"", ""Ten years of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) control in Norwary: a cost-benefit analysis"", 
""Epidemiological characteristics of bovine herpesvirus 1 infections determined by bulk milk testing of all Dutch dairy farms"", ""Associations between health and productivity in cow-calf beef herds and persistent infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus, antibodies against bovine viral diarrhoea virus, or antibodies against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in calves"", ""ELISA detection of antibodies to glycoprotein E of bovine herpesvirus 1 in bulk milk samples"", ""A four year longitudinal sero-epidemiological study of bovine herpesvirus type-1 (BHV-1) in adult cattle in 107 unvaccinated herds in south west England""
), volume = c(""113"", ""95"", ""73"", ""48"", ""72"", ""69"", ""10"", ""186"", NA, ""53"", ""65"", NA, ""60"", ""22"", ""85"", ""112"", ""112"", ""31"", ""85"", ""1"", ""6"", ""164"", ""90"", ""53"", ""19"", ""36"", ""18"", ""32"", ""25"", ""64"", ""72"", ""19"", ""6"", ""38"", ""10"", ""85"", ""36"", ""47"", ""109"", ""13"", ""61"", ""62"", ""50"", ""142"", ""99"", ""44"", ""96"", ""41"", ""72"", ""74"", ""7"", ""197"", ""142"", NA, ""57"", ""60"", ""56"", ""37"", ""52"", NA, ""73"", ""34"", ""72"", ""142"", ""69"", ""142"", ""5""), author = c(""Ackermann"", ""Almeida"", ""Ampe"", ""Beaudeau"", ""Billinis"", ""Boelaert"", ""Brownlie"", 
""Brülisauer"", ""Cameron"", ""Cowley"", ""Cowley"", ""CSO"", ""Dias"", ""Fulton"", ""Garoussi"", ""Gates"", ""Graham"", ""Greiser-Wilke"", ""Guarino"", ""Guidry"", ""Handel"", ""Heffernan"", ""Heuer"", ""Houe"", ""Houe"", ""Houe"", ""Houe"", ""Kramps"", ""Lindberg"", ""Lindberg"", ""Mars"", ""Mars"", ""Moennig"", ""Muylkens"", ""Nandi"", ""Nardelli"", ""Niskanen"", ""Nylin"", ""O'Doherty"", ""O'Donnell"", ""O'Grady"", ""O'Neill"", ""Paisley"", ""Paton"", ""Presi"", ""Quinn"", ""Raaperi"", ""Ridpath"", ""Rikula"", ""Risalde"", ""Romero-Salas"", ""Sayers"", ""Shalloo"", ""Simon"", ""Solis-Calderon"", 
""Ståhl"", ""Ståhl"", ""Thiry"", ""Thobokwe"", ""Thrushfield"", ""van Oirschot"", ""van Schaik"", ""Valle"", ""Van Wuijckhuise"", ""Waldner"", ""Wellenberg"", ""Woodbine""), year = c(""2006"", ""2013"", ""2012"", ""2001"", ""2005"", ""2005"", ""1998"", ""2010"", ""1999"", ""2011"", ""2012"", NA, ""2013"", ""2004"", ""2008"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2003"", ""2008"", ""1980"", ""2011"", ""2009"", ""2007"", ""1992"", ""1994"", ""1995"", ""2006"", ""1994"", ""2006"", ""1999"", ""2005"", ""2001"", ""2005"", ""2007"", ""2009"", ""2008"", ""1989"", ""2000"", ""2013"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2009"", ""2001"", 
""1998"", ""2011"", ""2005"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2005"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2003"", ""2012"", ""2002"", ""2006"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""1999"", ""1998"", ""2005"", ""1998"", ""2008"", ""1998"", ""2009""), journal.title = c(""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Journal of Veterinary Medicine. B, Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Clinical and Diagnostic Virology"", 
""The Veterinary Journal"", NA, ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", ""Irish Veterinary Journal"", NA, ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", ""Vaccine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Biologicals: Journal of the International Association of Biological Standardization"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"", ""PLoS ONE"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Journal of Dairy Science"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", 
""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica"", ""Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"", ""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", ""Revue Scientifique et Technique Office International des Epizooties"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Vaccine"", ""Animal Health Research Reviews"", ""Veterinary Research"", ""Animal Health Research Reviews"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", 
""Journal of Farm Management"", ""Irish Veterinary Journal"", ""Veterinary Ireland Journal"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Irish Journal of Agriculture and Food Research"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Biologicals: Journal of the International Association of Biological Standardization"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""African Journal of Microbiology Research"", ""The Veterinary Journal"", ""Journal of Agricultural Science"", 
NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Research"", ""New Zealand Veterinary Journal"", NA, ""Journal of Biotechnology"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""American Journal of Veterinary Research"", ""Veterinary Record"", ""BMC Veterinary Research""), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Survey Toolbox for Livestock Diseases – A Practical Manual and Software Package for Active Surveillance of Livestock Disease in Developing Countries"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""A practical approach to the future control of IBR in Ireland using marker vaccines"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary Epidemiology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Suppl."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0034528815000533",NA,"en","list(name = ""Irish Dairy Levy"")","list(date = c(""2015-06-01"", ""2015-03-19""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"", ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/""))","http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""Prevalence of exposure to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) in Irish dairy herds"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.02.011"", ""article"", ""Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", ""Journal Title"", ""CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"", 
""Content Type"", ""Copyright""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Sayers","2015","Sayers et al., 2015"
"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","2021-12-01","2021-12-01",NA,"10.3389/fvets.2021.785128","2025-05-23","2297-1769",NA,"2021-11-25","1965",NA,"10.3389","Frontiers Media SA","1","Crossref","46","46","9","Longitudinal Prevalence of Antibodies to Endemic Pathogens in Bulk Tank Milk Samples From Dairy Herds Engaged or Not in Contract Heifer Rearing","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.785128","8","<jats:p>Since the abolition of EU milk production quotas in 2015, Europe's dairy industries have undergone a period of rapid expansion with possible resultant increased inter-herd transmission of endemic pathogens. The aims of this study were (1) to establish the post-2015 prevalence of antibodies to selected endemic infectious diseases and (2) to determine if prevalences differed between herds where heifers were reared at home and those where heifers were sent out for contract-rearing. Three bulk tank milk (BTM) samples were collected annually between May and August of 2018–20 inclusively from 120 Irish dairy herds. Additionally, herd vaccination status was collected by questionnaire. Milk samples were tested using commercially available ELISAs for eight pathogens: bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHv-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), <jats:italic>Mycoplasma bovis, Mycobacterium</jats:italic> a<jats:italic>vium</jats:italic> subspecies <jats:italic>paratuberculosis</jats:italic> (MAP), <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> Dublin (<jats:italic>S</jats:italic>. Dublin), <jats:italic>Leptospira</jats:italic> Hardjo (<jats:italic>L</jats:italic>. Hardjo), and <jats:italic>Neospora caninum (N. caninum)</jats:italic>. The true prevalence of each pathogen was calculated using a Rogan-Gladen estimator. The true prevalences (95% CI) of BTM antibodies in unvaccinated herds across the 3 years were as follows (i) BVDV: 57, 86, and 73% (95% CI: 40.7–65.9, 74–94, and 58–85) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 56, 56, and 48), (ii) BoHv-1: 47, 49, and 19% (95% CI: 26.3–69.7, 25–75, and 1–56) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 21, 20, and 11), (iii) <jats:italic>L</jats:italic>. Hardjo: 34, 59, and 73% (95% CI: 12.5–63, 33–82, and 33–99) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 15, 21, and 10), (iv) <jats:italic>S</jats:italic>. Dublin 32, 57, and 11% (95% CI: 12.21–68.1, 30.2–90.1, and 0) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 19, 22, and 13), (v) BRSV: 100% (95% CI: 99.5–100, 100, and 100) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 120, 109, and 91), (vi) MAP: 0% (95% CI: 0, 0, and 0) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 120, 109, and 91) (vii) <jats:italic>N. caninum</jats:italic> 0% (95% CI: 0, 0, and 0) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 120, 109, and 91) and (viii) <jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic> (ELISA) 53, 0.42, and 30% (95% CI: 3.95–6.84, 0, and 21–41) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 120, 109, and 91). <jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic> was detected by PCR in 0, 1, and 0% of herds in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. This study showed that expanding Irish dairy herds are endemically infected with several of the studied pathogens. No differences in herd prevalence of infectious agents were observed between farms with different heifer rearing strategies (contract-rearing vs. traditional rearing).</jats:p>","Front. Vet. Sci.","list(given = c(""Marie-Claire"", ""Luke"", ""Connor G."", ""John F.""), family = c(""McCarthy"", ""O'Grady"", ""McAloon"", ""Mee""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.785128/full"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""B1"", ""B2"", ""B3"", ""B4"", ""B5"", ""B6"", ""B7"", ""B8"", ""B9"", ""B10"", ""B11"", ""B12"", ""B13"", ""B14"", ""B15"", ""B16"", ""B17"", ""B18"", ""B19"", ""B20"", ""B21"", ""B22"", ""B23"", ""B24"", ""B25"", ""B26"", ""B27"", ""B28"", ""B29"", ""B30"", ""B31"", ""B32"", ""B33"", ""B34"", ""B35"", ""B36"", ""B37"", ""B38"", ""B39"", ""B40"", ""B41"", ""B42"", ""B43"", ""B44"", ""B45"", ""B46""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", NA, NA, 
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NA, ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.10.008"", NA, NA, ""10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112510"", ""10.1186/2046-0481-67-18"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.11.017"", ""10.1136/vropen-2014-000042"", ""10.1101/673996"", NA, ""10.1136/vr.102574"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.08.001"", ""10.1016/j.ram.2020.04.003"", ""10.1186/1751-0147-54-4"", ""10.1136/vr.142.15.385"", ""10.1186/s13028-014-0091-x"", ""10.1007/s11259-009-9327-z"", ""10.1186/2046-0481-65-16"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.104990"", ""10.1186/1751-0147-53-40"", ""10.1016/S0301-6226(99)00107-4"", 
""10.1080/01652176.2001.9695085"", ""10.3168/jds.2016-11863"", ""10.1186/2046-0481-66-14"", ""10.2478/s11686-014-0202-x"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.04.014"", NA, ""10.1177/104063871002200301"", ""10.1016/S0034-5288(18)30675-1"", ""10.1136/vr.135.11.259"", NA, ""10.2460/javma.2003.223.1163"", ""10.3168/jds.2016-12468"", ""10.1071/AN14441"", ""10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.2130"", ""10.1515/ijafr-2017-0011""), article.title = c(""Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV 1), leptospirosis and neosporosis, and associated risk factors in 161 Irish beef herds"", 
""Prevalence of exposure to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) in Irish dairy herds"", ""Effect of exposure to Neospora caninum, Salmonella, and Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo on the economic performance of Irish dairy herds"", ""Antimicrobial resistance in humans, livestock and the wider environment"", ""Temporal trends in bulk milk antibodies to Salmonella, Neospora caninum, and Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo in Irish dairy herds"", ""Prevalence of antibodies to Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjoin bulk tank milk from unvaccinated irish dairy herds"", 
""Prevalence and distribution of paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in cattle herds in Ireland"", ""Dairy intensification and quota abolition: a comparative study of production in Ireland and the Netherlands"", ""Characterizing biosecurity, health, and culling during dairy herd expansions1,2"", ""A survey of biosecurity and health management practices on Irish dairy farms engaged in contract-rearing"", ""Factsheet on Irish Dairying - (2020). Online: Irish Farmers Association"", ""Use of a novel real-time PCR technique to monitor and quantitate Mycoplasma bovis infection in cattle herds with mastitis and respiratory disease"", 
NA, NA, ""Estimating prevalence from the results of a screening test"", ""Aspects of bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus herd-level seroprevalence and vaccination in dairy and beef herds in Northern Ireland"", ""Implementing biosecurity measures on dairy farms in Ireland"", ""A questionnaire-based survey on the uptake and use of cattle vaccines in the UK"", ""A survey of biosecurity measures applied on dairy cattle farms in Spain"", NA, ""Patterns of detection of respiratory viruses in nasal swabs from calves in Ireland: a retrospective study"", 
""Duration of immunity of a quadrivalent vaccine against respiratory diseases caused by BHV-1, PI3V, BVDV, and BRSV in experimentally infected calves"", ""Dynamics of neutralizing antibodies against Bovine respiratory syncytial virus in a dairy herd from Santa Fe Province, Argentina"", ""Association of herd BRSV and BHV-1 seroprevalence with respiratory disease and reproductive performance in adult dairy cattle"", ""Prevalence of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus and other viruses in bulk tank milk in England and Wales"", 
""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus in Swedish organic and conventional dairy herds"", ""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus seroprevalence and risk factors in endemic dairy cattle herds"", ""Bovine viral diarrhoea virus seroprevalence and vaccination usage in dairy and beef herds in the Republic of Ireland"", ""Herd-level factors associated with detection of calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in Irish cattle herds with negative herd status (NHS) during (2017)"", 
""Aspects of bovine herpesvirus-1 infection in dairy and beef herds in the Republic of Ireland"", ""Application of survival analysis to identify management factors related to the rate of BHV1 seroconversions in a retrospective study of Dutch dairy farms"", ""Epidemiology: risk factors for introduction of BHV1 into BHV1-free Dutch dairy farms: a case-control study"", ""Herd-level prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases of dairy cows in Great Britain"", ""Bulk milk ELISA and the diagnosis of parasite infections in dairy herds: a review"", 
""Comparative study for the detection of antibodies to Neospora caninum in milk and sera in dairy cattle in southern Romania"", ""Bayesian estimation of prevalence of paratuberculosis in dairy herds enrolled in a voluntary Johne's Disease Control Programme in Ireland"", ""Within-pool prevalence limits for the identification of paratuberculosis infected herds using antibody detection in pooled milk samples"", ""Evaluation of diagnostic tests for Johne's disease (Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis) in New Zealand dairy cows"", 
""Analysis by ELISA and Western blotting of antibody reactivities in cattle infected with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis after absorption of serum with M. phlei"", ""Isolation of Mycoplasma bovis from a calf imported into the Republic of Ireland"", NA, ""Patterns of mycoplasma shedding in the milk of dairy cows with intramammary mycoplasma infection"", ""Bulk tank milk antibody ELISA as a biosecurity tool for detecting dairy herds with past exposure to Mycoplasma bovis"", ""Stress, acute phase proteins and immune modulation in calves"", 
""Association between the existence of calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus and commingling on pen morbidity in feedlot cattle"", ""Scientific appraisal of the Irish grass-based milk production system as a sustainable source of premium quality milk and dairy products""), volume = c(""14"", ""100"", ""98"", ""370"", ""109"", ""57"", ""62"", ""18"", ""84"", NA, NA, ""186"", NA, NA, ""107"", ""67"", ""197"", ""1"", NA, NA, ""175"", ""66"", ""52"", ""54"", ""142"", ""57"", ""34"", ""65"", ""179"", ""53"", ""60"", ""23"", ""100"", ""66"", 
""59"", ""128"", ""130"", ""22"", ""42"", ""135"", NA, ""223"", ""100"", ""54"", ""66"", ""56""), author = c(""Barrett"", ""Sayers"", ""O'Doherty"", ""Woolhouse"", ""O'Doherty"", ""Leonard"", ""Good"", ""Läpple"", ""Faust"", ""McCarthy"", NA, ""Sachse"", ""Sergeant"", NA, ""Rogan"", ""Cowley"", ""Sayers"", ""Cresswell"", ""Villaamil"", NA, ""O'Neill"", ""Peters"", ""Ferella"", ""Raaperi"", ""Paton"", ""Wolff"", ""Luzzago"", ""Cowley"", ""Barrett"", ""Cowley"", ""Van Schaik"", ""Van Schaik"", ""Velasova"", ""Sekiya"", ""Enachescu"", ""McAloon"", ""Koehler"", ""Norton"", ""Milner"", ""Doherty"", 
NA, ""Biddle"", ""Parker"", ""Yun"", ""O'Connor"", ""O'Brien""), year = c(""2018"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2013"", ""2004"", ""2009"", ""2019"", ""2001"", ""2021"", ""2020"", ""2010"", ""2018"", NA, ""1978"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2019"", ""2018"", ""2014"", ""2004"", ""2020"", ""2012"", ""1998"", ""2015"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2020"", ""2011"", ""1999"", ""2001"", ""2017"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2016"", ""2017"", ""2010"", ""1987"", ""1994"", ""2019"", ""2003"", ""2017"", ""2014"", ""2005"", ""2017""), journal.title = c(""BMC Vet Res."", ""Res Vet Sci."", ""J Dairy Sci."", ""Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci."", 
""Prev Vet Med."", ""Ir Vet J."", ""Ir Vet J."", ""EuroChoices."", ""J Dairy Sci."", ""J Dairy Sci."", NA, ""The Veterinary Journal."", ""Epitools Epidemiological Calculators"", NA, ""Am J Epidemiol."", ""Ir Vet J."", ""Vet J."", ""Vet Record Open."", ""bioRxiv"", ""All-Island Disease Surveillance Report 2018"", ""Vet Record."", ""Prev Vet Med."", ""Rev Argent Microbiol."", ""Acta Vet Scand."", ""Vet Record."", ""Acta Vet Scand."", ""Vet Res Commun."", ""Ir Vet J."", ""Prev Vet Med."", ""Acta Vet Scand."", ""Livestock Prod Sci."", ""Vet Q."", ""J Dairy Sci."", 
""Ir Vet J."", ""Acta Parasitol."", ""Prev Vet Med."", ""Berliner Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift."", ""J Vet Diagn Invest."", ""Res Vet Sci"", ""Vet Record."", ""All-Island Animal Disease Surveillance Report"", ""J Am Vet Med Assoc."", ""J Dairy Sci"", ""Animal Prod Sci."", ""Am J Vet Res."", ""Irish J Agric Food Res.""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Estimated True Prevalence and Predictive Values From Survey Testing2021"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.3389/fvets.2021.785128","2021-11-25",NA,"NULL","list(date = ""2021-11-25"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/crossmark-policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"McCarthy","2021","McCarthy et al., 2021"
"Animals","2021-06-29","2025-01-05",NA,"10.3390/ani11071940","2025-05-23","2076-2615","7","2021-06-29","1968","1940","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","84","84","22","Prevalence of BRD-Related Viral Pathogens in the Upper Respiratory Tract of Swiss Veal Calves","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11071940","11","<jats:p>The prevention of bovine respiratory disease is important, as it may lead to impaired welfare, economic losses, and considerable antimicrobial use, which can be associated with antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of respiratory viruses and to identify risk factors for their occurrence. A convenience sample of 764 deep nasopharyngeal swab samples from veal calves was screened by PCR for bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (BPI3V), bovine coronavirus (BCoV), influenza D virus (IDV), and influenza C virus (ICV). The following prevalence rates were observed: BRSV, 2.1%; BPI3V, 3.3%; BCoV, 53.5%; IDV, 4.1%; ICV, 0%. Logistic mixed regression models were built for BCoV to explore associations with calf management and housing. Positive swab samples were more frequent in younger calves than older calves (&gt;100 days; p &lt; 0.001). The probability of detecting BCoV increased with increasing group size in young calves. Findings from this study suggested that young calves should be fattened in small groups to limit the risk of occurrence of BCoV, although an extended spectrum of risk factors for viral associated respiratory disorders such as nutritional aspects should be considered in future studies.</jats:p>","Animals","list(given = c(""Eveline"", ""Lutz"", ""Mireille"", ""Dimitri"", ""Ronald"", ""Melle"", ""Anna"", ""Jens""), family = c(""Studer"", ""Schönecker"", ""Meylan"", ""Stucki"", ""Dijkman"", ""Holwerda"", ""Glaus"", ""Becker""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3012 Bern, Switzerland"", NA, ""Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3012 Bern, Switzerland"", 
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NA, ""10.1186/s12917-019-1887-8"", ""10.1111/jvim.12531"", NA, ""10.1136/vr.c4119"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.09.003"", ""10.3168/jds.2011-4699"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.08.021"", ""10.11648/j.avs.20190701.13"", ""10.2527/1999.7751120x"", ""10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.04.011"", ""10.3168/jds.2018-15997""), article.title = c(""Antimicrobial drug use and risk factors associated with treatment incidence and mortality in Swiss veal calves reared under improved welfare conditions"", ""Preweaning cost of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and cost-benefit of implementation of preventative measures in calves on California dairies: The BRD 10K study"", 
""Construction of a conceptual framework for assessment of health-related quality of life in calves with respiratory disease"", ""Vergleichende Wirtschaftlichkeitsanalyse des Kälbermastsystems «Freiluftkalb» und der konventionellen IP-SUISSE-Labelmast"", ""Risk factors for death and unwanted early slaughter in Swiss veal calves kept at a specific animal welfare standard"", ""Effect of calf purchase and other herd-level risk factors on mortality, unwanted early slaughter, and use of antimicrobial group treatments in Swiss veal calf operations"", 
""Risk factors for antimicrobial use in veal calves and the association with mortality"", ""Effects of management practices, animal transport and barn climate on animal health and antimicrobial use in Swiss veal calf operations"", ""An evaluation of bovine respiratory disease complex in feedlot cattle: Impact on performance and carcass traits using treatment records and lung lesion scores"", NA, ""Bovine Respiratory Disease: Pathogenesis, Clinical Signs, and Treatment in Lightweight Calves"", ""Update on bacterial pathogenesis in BRD"", 
""Viral and Bacterial Pathogens in Bovine Respiratory Disease in Finland"", ""Dynamics of virus infections involved in the bovine respiratory disease complex in Swedish dairy herds"", ""Prevalence of respiratory pathogens in diseased, non-vaccinated, routinely medicated veal calves"", ""Pathogen-specific risk factors in acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in calves"", ""Structured Literature Review of Responses of Cattle to Viral and Bacterial Pathogens Causing Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex"", ""Influenza D virus in cattle, France, 2011–2014"", 
""Pathogenesis of Influenza D Virus in Cattle"", ""Influenza C and D viral load in cattle correlates with bovine respiratory disease (BRD): Emerging role of orthomyxoviruses in the pathogenesis of BRD"", ""Bacterial pathogens of the bovine respiratory disease complex"", ""Failure of Respiratory Defenses in the Pathogenesis of Bacterial Pneumonia of Cattle"", ""The impact of BRD: The current dairy experience"", ""Prospective study on quantitative and qualitative antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drug use in white veal calves"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mass Medication in Reducing Shipping Fever-Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex in Highly Stressed Calves"", ""Metaphylactic antimicrobial therapy for bovine respiratory disease in stocker and feedlot cattle"", ""Quantitative and qualitative analysis of antimicrobial usage in white veal calves in France"", NA, ""Effects of the novel concept ‘outdoor veal calf’ on antimicrobial use, mortality and weight gain in Switzerland"", ""Fecal Shedding of Bovine Astrovirus CH13/NeuroS1 in Veal Calves"", 
""Transporte von Mastkälbern vom Geburts- auf den Mastbetrieb und Kälbermanagement in Schweizer Geburtsbetrieben"", ""Associations between antimicrobial treatment modalities and antimicrobial susceptibility in Pasteurellaceae and E. coli isolated from veal calves under field conditions"", ""Antibiotic and quaternary ammonium compound resistance in Escherichia coli from calves at the beginning of the  fattening period in Switzerland (2017)"", NA, ""Correction for Wüthrich et al., “A Novel Trimethoprim Resistance Gene, dfrA35, Characterized from Escherichia coli from Calves”"", 
""Events per variable (EPV) and the relative performance of different strategies for estimating the out-of-sample validity of logistic regression models"", ""Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of opportunistic pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease isolated from nasopharyngeal swabs of veal calves in Switzerland"", NA, NA, ""Association of California Mastitis Test Scores with Intramammary Infection Status in Lactating Dairy Cows Admitted to a Veterinary Teaching Hospital"", ""Real Time RT-PCR for the detection and quantitation of bovine respiratory syncytial virus"", 
""Multiplex real-time RT-PCR detection of three viruses associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex"", ""Development of a one-run real-time PCR detection system for pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease complex"", NA, ""Influenza C virus in cattle with respiratory disease, United States, 2016–2018"", ""Five myths about variable selection"", NA, ""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus"", ""Update on viral pathogenesis in BRD"", ""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus"", NA, ""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection"", 
""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection enhances Pasteurella multocida adherence on respiratory epithelial cells"", ""Bovine respiratory disease in beef calves supported long transport stress: An epidemiological study and strategies for control and prevention"", ""Bovine Parainfluenza-3 Virus"", ""Production Significance of Bovine Respiratory Disease Lesions in Slaughtered Beef Cattle"", ""Patterns of detection of respiratory viruses in nasal swabs from calves in Ireland: A retrospective study"", NA, 
""Influenza D virus infection in Mississippi beef cattle"", ""Metagenomic characterization of the virome associated with bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle identified novel viruses and suggests an etiologic role for influenza D virus"", ""Influenza D virus circulation in cattle and swine, Luxembourg, 2012–2016"", NA, NA, ""Coronavirus and Pasteurella infections in bovine shipping fever pneumonia and Evans’ criteria for causation"", ""Coronaviruses in cattle"", ""Respiratory disease associated with bovine coronavirus infection in cattle herds in Southern Italy"", 
""The prevalence of ten pathogens detected by a real-time PCR method in nasal swab samples collected from live cattle with respiratory disease"", NA, ""Respiratory Pathogens in Québec Dairy Calves and Their Relationship with Clinical Status, Lung Consolidation, and Average Daily Gain"", ""What is the evidence that bovine coronavirus is a biologically significant respiratory pathogen in cattle?"", ""Risk factors for seropositivity to bovine coronavirus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus in dairy herds"", 
""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus antibodies in bulk tank milk—Risk factors and spatial analysis"", ""Prevalence of respiratory disorders in veal calves and potential risk factors"", ""The effect of group size on health and growth rate of Swedish dairy calves housed in pens with automatic milk-feeders"", ""Exacerbation of Streptococcus Equi (Strangles) by Overly Nutritious Diets in Horses: A Model for Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Horses and Other Livestock"", ""Interaction of cattle health/immunity and nutrition2"", 
""Effects of diet for early-weaned crossbred beef steers on metabolic profiles and febrile response to an infectious bovine herpesvirus-1 challenge"", ""Pre-weaning plane of nutrition and Mannheimia haemolytica dose influence inflammatory responses to a bovine herpesvirus-1 and Mannheimia haemolytica challenge in post-weaning Holstein calves""), volume = c(""126"", ""103"", ""15"", ""163"", ""92"", ""126"", ""102"", ""167"", ""87"", NA, ""22"", ""10"", ""45"", ""172"", ""169"", ""103"", ""29"", ""21"", ""90"", ""551"", ""26"", ""51"", ""15"", 
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""2009"", ""2010"", NA, ""2007"", ""2018"", ""2021"", ""2010"", ""2020"", ""2014"", NA, ""2015"", ""2016"", ""2018"", NA, NA, ""2000"", ""2020"", ""2008"", ""2017"", NA, ""2015"", ""2019"", ""2010"", ""2016"", ""2012"", ""2006"", ""2019"", ""1999"", ""2006"", ""2019""), journal.title = c(""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Animal"", ""Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Anim. Sci."", NA, ""Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."", ""Anim. Heath Res. Rev."", ""Acta Vet. Scand."", ""Vet. J."", 
""Vet. Rec."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""J. Vet. Intern. Med."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Virol."", ""Virology"", ""Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."", ""Vet. Pathol."", ""Anim. Heath Res. Rev."", ""J. Antimicrob. Chemother."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""J. Anim. Sci."", ""Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd"", NA, ""mSphere"", ""Stat. Methods Med. Res."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, NA, 
""J. Vet. Intern. Med."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Vet. Med. Sci."", NA, ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Transpl. Int."", NA, ""Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."", ""Anim. Health Res. Rev."", ""Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."", NA, ""Vet. Res."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."", ""Animals"", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, ""Virology"", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", NA, NA, ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Trop. Anim. Health Prod."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."", ""Slov. Vet. Res."", 
NA, ""J. Vet. Intern. Med."", ""Can. Vet. J."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Anim. Vet. Sci."", ""J. Anim. Sci."", ""Livest. Sci."", ""J. Dairy Sci.""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Pardon, B., Hostens, M., Duchateau, L., Dewulf, J., De Bleecker, K., and Deprez, P. (2013). Impact of respiratory disease, diarrhea, otitis and arthritis on mortality and carcass traits in white veal calves. BMC Vet. Res."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, ""(2021, June 04). Schweizer Bundesrat Verordnung über die Tierarzneimittel (Tierarzneimittelverordnung, TAMV). Available online: https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/2004/592/de."", ""European Commisson (2019). Implementation of Regulation"", ""(EU) 2019/6 on Veterinary Medicinal Products and Regulation"", ""(EU) 2019/4 on Medicated Feed, European Commisson."", ""World Health Organisation (2021, June 03). WHO Guidelines on Use of Medically Important Antimicrobials in Food-Producing Animals. Available online: https://www.who.int/foodsafety/areas_work/antimicrobial-resistance/cia_guidelines/en/#:~:text=WHO."", 
""Food and Agruculture Organization of the United Nations (2021, June 03). The FAO Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance 2016–2020|Global Forum on Food Security and Nutrition (FSN Forum). Available online: http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/resources/fsn-resources/fao-action-plan-antimicrobial-resistance-2016-2020."", NA, NA, NA, ""World Health Organisation (WHO) (2019, June 16). Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance. Available online: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/112642?locale-attribute=zh&show=full."", 
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""(2020, June 22). EMA Defined Daily Doses for Animals (DDDvet) and Defined Course Doses for Animals (DCDvet): European Surveillance of Veterinary Antimicrobial Consumption (ESVAC). Available online: http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Other/2016/04/WC500205410.pdf."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Holwerda, M., Kelly, J., Laloli, L., Stürmer, I., Portmann, J., Stalder, H., and Dijkman, R. (2019). Determining the replication kinetics and cellular tropism of influenza D virus on primary well-differentiated human airway epithelial cells. Viruses, 11."", 
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""Waldner CL, Kennedy RI: Associations between health and productivity in cow-calf beef herds and persistent infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus, antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus, or antibodies against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in calves. Am J Vet Res. 2008, 69: 916-92. 10.2460/ajvr.69.7.916."", ""Ata A, Kale M, Yavru S, Bulut O, Buyukyoruk U: The effect of subclinical bovine herpesvirilis 1 infection on fertility of cows and heifers. Acta Vet (Beogr). 2006, 56: 267-273. 10.2298/AVB0603267A."", 
""Raaperi K, Nurmoja I, Orro T, Viltrop A: Seroepidemiology of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) infection among Estonian dairy herds and risk factors for the spread within herds. Prev Vet Med. 2010, 96: 74-81. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.06.001."", ""Houe H, Lindberg A, Moennig V: Test strategies in bovine viral diarrhea virus control and eradication campaigns in Europe. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2006, 18: 427-436. 10.1177/104063870601800501."", ""Kramps JA, van Maanen C, van de Wetering G, Stienstra G, Quak S, Brinkhof J, Rønsholt L, Nylin B: A simple, rapid and reliable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) specific antibodies in cattle serum, plasma and bulk milk. Vet Microbiol. 1999, 64: 135-44. 10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00265-X."", 
""Allison PD: Missing Data. 2002, London: SAGE Publications"", ""Lebart L: Validation Techniques in Multiple Correspondence Analysis. Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Related Methods. Edited by: Greenacre M, Blasius J. 2006, Chapman & Hall, 179-195."", ""Dohoo I, Martin W, Stryhn H: Veterinary Epidemiologic Research. 2009, Charlottetown: VER Inc"", ""Ohlson A, Emanuelson U, Tråvén M, Alenius S: The relationship between antibody status to bovine corona virus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus and disease incidence, reproduction and herd characteristics in dairy herds. Acta Vet Scand. 2010, 52: 37-10.1186/1751-0147-52-37."", 
""Gulliksen SM, Jor E, Lie KI, Løken T, Åkerstedt J, Østerås O: Respiratory infections in Norwegian dairy calves. J Dairy Sci. 2009, 92: 5139-5146. 10.3168/jds.2009-2224."", ""Keeling M, Rohani P: Modeling Infectious Diseases in Humans and Animals. 2008, Princeton: Princeton University Press"", ""Givens MD, Marley MSD: Infectious causes of embryonic and fetal mortality. Theriogenology. 2008, 70: 270-285. 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.04.018."", ""Cook N: Combined outbreak of the genital and conjunctival forms of bovine herpesvirus 1 infection in a UK dairy herd. Vet Rec. 1998, 143: 561-562. 10.1136/vr.143.20.561."", 
""Kale M, Ata A, Yavru S, Yapkic O, Bulut O, Gulay MS: The effect of infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus on the fertility of cows and heifers. Acta Vet (Beogr). 2006, 56: 467-477. 10.2298/AVB0606467K."", ""Obando C, Ocanto D, Hidalgo M, Duran JRY: Effect of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus infections on reproduction in a non-vaccinated cattle herd. Rev Cient (Maracaibo). 2004, 14: 207-212."", ""Blasius J, Greenacre M: Correspondence Analysis and Related Methods in Practice. Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Related Methods. Edited by: Greenacre M, Blasius J. 2006, Chapman & Hall, 3-40."", 
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""Garcia-Ispierto I, Lopez-Gatius F. Early foetal loss correlates positively with seroconversion against Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in high-producing dairy cows. Reprod Domest Anim. 2016;51(2):227–31."", ""Hasanova L, Pavlik I. Economic impact of paratuberculosis in dairy herds: a review. Vet Med. 2006;51(5):193–211."", ""Benedictus G, Dijkhuizen AA, Stelwagen J. Economic losses due to paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. Vet Rec. 1987;121(7):142–6."", ""Bates A, O'Brien R, Liggett S, Griffin F. The effect of sub-clinical infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on milk production in a New Zealand dairy herd. BMC Vet Res. 2018;14(1):93."", 
""Botaro BG, Ruelle E, More SJ, Strain S, Graham DA, O'Flaherty J, Shalloo L. Associations between paratuberculosis ELISA results and test-day records of cows enrolled in the Irish Johne’s disease control program. J Dairy Sci. 2017;100(9):7468–77."", ""Machado G, Kanankege K, Schumann V, Wells S, Perez A, Alvarez J. Identifying individual animal factors associated with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) milk ELISA positivity in dairy cattle in the Midwest region of the United States. BMC Vet Res. 2018;14(1):28."", 
""Martins EG, Oliveira P, Oliveira BM, Mendonca D, Niza-Ribeiro J. Association of paratuberculosis sero-status with milk production and somatic cell counts across 5 lactations, using multilevel mixed models, in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2018;101(8):7638–49."", ""McAloon CG, Whyte P, More SJ, Green MJ, O'Grady L, Garcia A, Doherty ML. The effect of paratuberculosis on milk yield - a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dairy Sci. 2016;99(2):1449–60."", ""Pritchard TC, Coffey MP, Bond KS, Hutchings MR, Wall E. Phenotypic effects of subclinical paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci. 2017;100(1):679–90."", 
""Baptista FM, Nielsen SS, Toft N. Association between the presence of antibodies to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and somatic cell count. J Dairy Sci. 2008;91(1):109–18."", ""Dieguez FJ, Arnaiz I, Sanjuan ML, Vilar MJ, Yus E. Management practices associated with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection and the effects of the infection on dairy herds. Vet Rec. 2008;162(19):614–7."", ""Rossi G, Grohn YT, Schukken YH, Smith RL. The effect of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection on clinical mastitis occurrence in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2017;100(9):7446–54."", 
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""R Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2017. \n                    https://www.R-project.org/"", ""Thrusfield M. Veterinary epidemiology. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd; 2000."", ""Norton S, Johnson WO, Jones G, Heuer C. Evaluation of diagnostic tests for Johne’s disease (Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis) in New Zealand dairy cows. J Vet Diagn Investig. 2010;22(3):341–51."", ""Stringer LA, Wilson PR, Heuer C, Hunnam JC, Verdugo C, Mackintosh CG. Prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) with grossly normal mesenteric lymph nodes. NZ Vet J. 2013;61(3):147–52."", 
""OIE. Chapter 8.11 infection with Mycobacterium tuberculoisis complex. In: Terrestrial animal health code. Paris: OIE; 2017."", ""Anon. BJD - where to from here? A fresh approach to the management of Johne’s disease. In: Cattle: management plan for cattle production conditions. Canberra: Animal Health Australia; 2015."", ""Steinberg H. Johne’s disease (Mycobaterium paratuberculosis) in a Jimela topi (Damaliscus lunatus jimela). J Zoo Anim Med. 1988;19:33–41."", ""Ahteensuu M, Sandin P. The precautionary principle. In: Roeser S, Hillerbrand R, Sandin P, Peterson M, editors. Handbook of risk theory: epistemology, decision theory, ethics, and social implications of risk. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012. p. 961–78."", 
""Houe H, Nielsen LR, Nielsen S. Control and eradication of endemic infectious diseases in cattle. United Kingdom: College Publications; 2014."", ""Barkema HW, Orsel K, Nielsen SS, Koets AP, Rutten V, Bannantine JP, Keefe GP, Kelton DF, Wells SJ, Whittington RJ, et al. Knowledge gaps that hamper prevention and control of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2018;65(Suppl 1):125–48."", ""Pouillot R, Dufour B, Durand B. A deterministic and stochastic simulation model for intra-herd paratuberculosis transmission. Vet Res. 2004;35(1):53–68."", 
""Mitchell RM, Whitlock RH, Stehman SM, Benedictus A, Chapagain PP, Grohn YT, Schukken YH. Simulation modeling to evaluate the persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) on commercial dairy farms in the United States. Prev Vet Med. 2008;83(3–4):360–80."", ""Good M, Bakker D, Duignan A, Collins DM. The history of in vivo tuberculin testing in bovines: tuberculosis, a “one health” issue. Front Vet Sci. 2018;5:59."", ""Botsaris G, Liapi M, Kakogiannis C, Dodd CER, Rees CED. Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bulk tank milk by combined phage-PCR assay: evidence that plaque number is a good predictor of MAP. Int J Food Microbiol. 2013;164(1):76–80."", 
""Bull TJ, Munshi T, Mikkelsen H, Hartmann SB, Sorensen MR, Garcia JS, Lopez-Perez PM, Hofmann S, Hilpert K, Jungersen G. Improved culture medium (Tika) for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) matches qPCR sensitivity and reveals significant proportions of non-viable MAP in lymphoid tissue of vaccinated MAP challenged animals. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:2112."", ""Gardner IA, Nielsen SS, Whittington RJ, Collins MT, Bakker D, Harris B, Sreevatsan S, Lombard JE, Sweeney R, Smith DR, et al. Consensus-based reporting standards for diagnostic test accuracy studies for paratuberculosis in ruminants. Prev Vet Med. 2011;211:18–34."", 
""Whittington RJ, Taragel CA, Ottaway S, Marsh I, Seaman J, Fridriksdottir V. Molecular epidemiological confirmation and circumstances of occurrence of sheep (S) strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cases of paratuberculosis in cattle in Australia and sheep and cattle in Iceland. Vet Microbiol. 2001;79(4):311–22."", ""Moloney BJ, Whittington RJ. Cross species transmission of ovine Johne’s disease from sheep to cattle: an estimate of prevalence in exposed susceptible cattle. Aust Vet J. 2008;86(4):117–23."", 
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""Aranaz A, de Juan L, Bezos J, et al: Assessment of diagnostic tools for eradication of bovine tuberculosis in cattle co-infected with Mycobacterium bovis and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Vet Res. 2006, 37 (4): 593-606. 10.1051/vetres:2006021."", ""Balseiro AM, Prieto J, Espí Perez V, et al: Presence of focal and multifocal paratuberculoisis lesions in mesenteric lymph nodes and the the ileocaecal valve of cattle positive to the tuberculin skin test. The Veterinary Journal. 2003, 166: 210-212. 10.1016/S1090-0233(02)00312-X."", 
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""Hanifian S, Khani S, Barzegari A, Shayegh J: Quantitative real-time PCR and culture examination of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis at farm level. Vet Microbiol. 2013, 162: 160-165. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.08.026."", ""Kalis CH, Hesselink JW, Barkema HW, Collins MT: Culture of strategically pooled bovine fecal samples as a method to screen herds for paratuberculosis. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2000, 12: 547-551. 10.1177/104063870001200609."", ""Nielsen SS, Gronbaek C, Agger JF, Houe H: Maximum-likelihood estimation of sensitivity and specificity of ELISAs and faecal culture for diagnosis of paratuberculosis. Prev Vet Med. 2002, 53: 191-204. 10.1016/S0167-5877(01)00280-X."", 
""Nielsen SS, Kolmos B, Christoffersen AB: Comparison of contamination and growth of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on two different media. J Appl Microbiol. 2004, 96: 149-153. 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02138.x."", ""Vasnick E, de Rijk P, Vercammen F, Rigouts L, Portaels F, Geysen D: A DNA sequence capture extraction method for detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in feces and tissue samples. Vet Microbiol. 2007, 122: 166-171. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.01.011."", ""Fernandez-Silva JA, Abdulmawjood A, Akineden O, Bülte M: Serological and molecular detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cattle of dairy herds in Colombia. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2011, 43: 1501-1507. 10.1007/s11250-011-9833-1."", 
""Gray DF, Clarke BL, Johnstone WE: Detection of small numbers of tubercle bacilli in diagnosis; the lethal action of concentrating agents. Am Rev Tuberc. 1954, 89: 991-1001."", ""Patterson RA, Thomspon TL, Larsen DH: The use of zephiran in the isolation of M. tuberculosis. Am Rev Tuberc. 1956, 74: 284-288."", ""Corper HJ, Uyei N: Oxalic acid as a reagent for isolating tubercle bacilli and a study of the growth of acid fast nonpathogens on different mediums with their reaction to chemical reagents. J Lab Clin Med. 1930, 15: 348-369.""
), journal.title = c(""Lancet Infect Dis"", ""J Microbiol Methods"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Schweiz Arch Tierheilk"", ""J Appl Microbiol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""J Dairy Sci"", ""J Vet Diagn Invest"", ""Clin Vaccine Immunol"", ""Prax Pneumol"", ""J Vet Diagn Invest"", ""Dtsch Med Wochenschr"", ""Appl Environ Microbiol"", ""J Food Prot"", ""Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract"", ""J Am Vet Med Assoc"", NA, ""BMC Res Notes"", ""J Vet Diagn Invest"", ""BMC Vet Res"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""J Vet Diagn Invest"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""J Appl Microbiol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", 
""Trop Anim Health Prod"", ""Am Rev Tuberc"", ""Am Rev Tuberc"", ""J Lab Clin Med""), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Guidelines for the Bacteriological Diagnosis of Tuberculosis [in German]"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","68","2014-10-10","en","NULL","list(date = ""2014-10-10"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy","list(value = c(""8 April 2014"", ""3 October 2014"", ""10 October 2014""), order = 1:3, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""first_online""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""First Online""), group.name = c(""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory"", ""ArticleHistory""), group.label = c(""Article History"", ""Article History"", ""Article History""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Keller","2014","Keller et al., 2014"
"Veterinary Microbiology","2002-07-25","2019-04-20","2000-12-20","10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00312-6","2024-09-13","0378-1135","3-4","2000-12-20","78","269-281","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","0","0","50","Prevalence of paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in the Belgian cattle population","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00312-6","77",NA,NA,"list(given = ""F"", family = ""Boelaert"", sequence = ""first"")","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378-1135(00)00312-6?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378-1135(00)00312-6?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","NULL","S0378-1135(00)00312-6",NA,NA,"NULL","list(date = ""2000-12-20"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Boelaert","2000","Boelaert, 2000"
"Animals","2022-02-14","2024-07-26",NA,"10.3390/ani12040447","2025-05-30","2076-2615","4","2022-02-12","1968","447","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","35","35","8","Herd Prevalence Estimation of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Burden in the Three Main Dairy Production Regions of Germany (PraeMAP)","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12040447","12","<jats:p>On-farm environmental sampling is an effective method for herd-level diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection and between-herd prevalence estimation. So far, no prevalence study enrolling important livestock-farming regions has been conducted. As the structure of dairy farming differs between main livestock-farming regions in Germany, our objective was to assess the between-herd prevalence of paratuberculosis for these regions in a standardized approach. Methods: In total, 457 randomly selected dairy farms from three regions of Germany (North: 183, East: 170, South: 104) were sampled between 2017 and 2019. Environmental samples (boot-swabs, aggregate feces and/or liquid manure samples) were cultured and analyzed using an IS900-qPCR for MAP determination. Of the 457 selected farms, 94 had at least one MAP-positive environmental sample with significant differences between regions regarding the apparent (North: 12.0%, East: 40.6%, South: 2.9%) or corrected true (North: 14.8%, East: 50.1%, South: 3.6%) between-herd prevalence. In conclusion, regional differences of between-herd prevalence of paratuberculosis are substantial in Germany, indicating the need for control approaches with different aims. Taking into account regional MAP prevalence, MAP-control programs should focus on on-farm prevalence reduction or on mitigating the risk of between-herd transmission, depending on region.</jats:p>","Animals","list(given = c(""Susanne"", ""Mette"", ""Amely"", ""Ingrid"", ""Esra"", ""Karsten""), family = c(""Eisenberg"", ""Krieger"", ""Campe"", ""Lorenz"", ""Einax"", ""Donat""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Niedersächsische Tierseuchenkasse, Anstalt des öffentlichen Rechts, 30169 Hanover, Germany"", ""Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training for Health at the Human-Animal-Environment Interface, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30559 Hanover, Germany"", 
""Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training for Health at the Human-Animal-Environment Interface, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30559 Hanover, Germany"", ""Bavarian Animal Health Service, 85586 Poing, Germany"", ""Thüringer Tierseuchenkasse, Anstalt des Öffentlichen Rechts, 07745 Jena, Germany"", NA), ORCID = c(NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3536-0236"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9390-759X"", ""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0308-0221"", 
NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5376-0116""), authenticated.orcid = c(NA, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NA, FALSE), affiliation1.name = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Thüringer Tierseuchenkasse, Anstalt des Öffentlichen Rechts, 07745 Jena, Germany""), affiliation2.name = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Klinikum Veterinärmedizin, Klinik für Geburtshilfe, Gynäkologie und Andrologie der Groß- und Kleintiere mit Tierärztlicher Ambulanz, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany""))","list(URL = ""https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/4/447/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref_1"", ""ref_2"", ""ref_3"", ""ref_4"", ""ref_5"", ""ref_6"", ""ref_7"", ""ref_8"", ""ref_9"", ""ref_10"", ""ref_11"", ""ref_12"", ""ref_13"", ""ref_14"", ""ref_15"", ""ref_16"", ""ref_17"", ""ref_18"", ""ref_19"", ""ref_20"", ""ref_21"", ""ref_22"", ""ref_23"", ""ref_24"", ""ref_25"", ""ref_26"", ""ref_27"", ""ref_28"", ""ref_29"", ""ref_30"", ""ref_31"", ""ref_32"", ""ref_33"", ""ref_34"", ""ref_35""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", 
NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""), first.page = c(""2989"", ""209"", ""2959"", ""438"", ""269"", ""68"", ""21"", NA, ""125"", ""13"", ""171"", ""157"", ""52"", NA, NA, ""360"", ""485"", NA, NA, ""163"", NA, NA, ""413"", ""71"", ""1674"", ""275"", ""443"", ""140"", ""497"", ""234"", ""11218"", ""6250"", ""398"", ""3744"", ""341691""), DOI = c(""10.1128/AEM.70.5.2989-3004.2004"", ""10.1016/j.cvfa.2017.10.011"", ""10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73427-X"", 
NA, ""10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00312-6"", ""10.1186/s13028-014-0068-9"", NA, ""10.1186/s12917-019-1943-4"", ""10.1111/tbed.12723"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1017/S002202991300040X"", NA, ""10.1186/s12917-017-1173-6"", ""10.1016/S0732-8893(98)00098-4"", NA, NA, ""10.1017/S0950268815000977"", ""10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112510"", ""10.1017/S0950268810000385"", ""10.3168/jds.2014-8676"", ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.2004.00800.x"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.08.006"", ""10.3168/jds.2018-14854"", ""10.3168/jds.2014-8101"", 
""10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.03.014"", ""10.3168/jds.2015-10625"", ""10.4061/2011/341691""), article.title = c(""Survival and Dormancy of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the Environment"", ""Paratuberculosis in Cattle"", ""The Distribution of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in the Environment Surrounding Minnesota Dairy Farms"", ""A particular case of tuberculosis in a cow"", ""Prevalence of paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) in the Belgian cattle population"", ""Comparison of fecal culture and F57 real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Swiss cattle herds with a history of paratuberculosis"", 
""Spread of infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp.  paratuberculosis (MAP) in cattle herds in Saxony and Thuringia on herd level"", NA, ""Knowledge gaps that hamper prevention and control of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection"", ""Herd prevalence of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in Hessian dairy herds"", ""Two-stage control of paratuberculosis: Herd-status surveillance as the basis for operational measures to reduce the prevalence.—Experiences from Lower Saxony, Hesse, Thuringia and Tyrol"", 
""Paratuberkuloseverminderung auf niedersächsischen Milchviehbetrieben"", ""Regionalisierung Deutschlands anhand landwirtschaftlicher Strukturdaten Regionalisation of Germany by data of agricultural structures"", NA, NA, ""Identifizierung von mit Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infizierten Milchviehbeständen mithilfe von Umgebungskotproben Identification of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infected dairy herds by environmental sampling"", ""Boot swabs to collect environmental samples from common locations in dairy herds for Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) detection"", 
NA, NA, ""Single PCR and nested PCR with a mimic molecule for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis"", NA, NA, ""Within-herd prevalence thresholds for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis-positive dairy herds using boot swabs and liquid manure samples"", ""Estimating prevalence from the results of a screening test"", ""Exact confidence limits for prevalence of a disease with an imperfect diagnostic test"", ""Sampling location, herd size, and season influence Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis environmental culture results"", 
""Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis-Combined Serological Testing and Classification of Individual Animals and Herds"", ""Investigation of serological prevalence and risk factors of paratuberculosis in dairy farms in the state of Mecklenburg-Westpommerania, Germany"", ""Blutserologische Untersuchungen zur Verbreitung von Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis in sächsischen Rinderbestanden"", ""Herd-level prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in United States dairy herds in 2007"", 
""Prevalence of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infections in Canadian dairy herds"", ""High herd-level prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Western Canadian dairy farms, based on environmental sampling"", ""Is an individual calving pen better than a group calving pen for preventing transmission of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in calves? Results from a field trial"", ""Management of the calving pen is a crucial factor for paratuberculosis control in large dairy herds"", 
""Long-Term Survival of Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis in Fecal Samples Obtained from Naturally Infected Cows and Stored at −18 °C and −70 °C""), volume = c(""70"", ""34"", ""87"", ""21"", ""77"", ""56"", ""130"", NA, ""65"", ""130"", ""47"", ""74"", ""125"", NA, NA, ""124"", ""80"", NA, NA, ""33"", NA, NA, ""144"", ""107"", ""138"", ""98"", ""51"", ""117"", ""60"", ""108"", ""101"", ""97"", ""95"", ""99"", ""2011""), author = c(""Whittington"", ""Fecteau"", ""Raizman"", ""Johne"", ""Boelaert"", ""Keller"", ""Einax"", NA, ""Barkema"", ""Noll"", ""Khol"", 
""Eisenberg"", ""Merle"", NA, NA, ""Donat"", ""Eisenberg"", NA, NA, ""Englund"", NA, NA, ""Donat"", ""Rogan"", ""Reiczigel"", ""Wolf"", ""Gangl"", ""Hacker"", ""Donat"", ""Lombard"", ""Corbett"", ""Wolf"", ""Pithua"", ""Donat"", ""Raizman""), year = c(""2004"", ""2018"", ""2004"", ""1895"", ""2000"", ""2014"", ""2017"", NA, ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""2019"", ""2012"", NA, NA, ""2011"", ""2013"", NA, NA, ""1999"", NA, NA, ""2016"", ""1978"", ""2010"", ""2015"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2013"", ""2018"", ""2014"", ""2013"", ""2016"", ""2011""), journal.title = c(""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", 
""Vet. Clin. Food Anim. Pract."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Dtsch. Z. Tiermed. Pathol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Acta Vet. Scand."", ""Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."", NA, ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."", ""Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G Großtiere Nutztiere"", ""Tieraerztl. Umsch."", ""Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."", NA, NA, ""Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."", ""J. Dairy Res."", NA, NA, ""Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", NA, NA, ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Am. J. Epidemiol."", 
""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""J. Vet. Med. Ser. B Infect. Dis. Vet. Public Health"", ""Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."", ""Tierärztl. Umsch."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Vet. Med. Int.""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Whittington, R., Donat, K., Weber, M.F., Kelton, D., Nielsen, S.S., Eisenberg, S., Arrigoni, N., Juste, R., Sáez, J.L., and Dhand, N. (2019). Control of paratuberculosis: Who, why and how. A review of 48 countries. BMC Vet. Res., 15."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""(2021, July 09). PraeRi. Available online: https://ibei.tiho-hannover.de/praeri/pages/1."", ""(2021, July 09). HI-Tier. Available online: https://www.hi-tier.de."", NA, NA, ""FLI (2021, July 09). Official Manual of Diagnostic Procedures. Available online: https://www.openagrar.de/rsc/viewer/openagrar_derivate_00028517/TK18-Paratuberkulose-2020-07-08.pdf?page=22."", ""Hahn, N., Failing, K., Eisenberg, T., Schlez, K., Zschöck, P.-M., Donat, K., Einax, E., and Köhler, H. (2017). Evaluation of different diagnostic methods for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in boot swabs and liquid manure samples. BMC Vet. Res., 13."", 
NA, ""(2020). SAS, SAS Institute Inc.. version 9.4."", ""Sergeant, E.S.G. (2021, March 08). Epitools Epidemiological Calculators. Available online: https://epitools.ausvet.com.au/trueprevalence."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","ani12040447","2022-02-12","en","NULL","list(date = ""2022-02-12"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Eisenberg","2022","Eisenberg et al., 2022"
"BMC Veterinary Research","2023-01-25","2023-01-25",NA,"10.1186/s12917-023-03578-4","2025-04-05","1746-6148","1","2023-01-25","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","44","44","6","Molecular and serological investigation of Hepatitis E virus in pigs slaughtered in Northwestern Italy","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03578-4","19","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>
                <jats:title>Background</jats:title>
                <jats:p>Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is recently considered an emerging public health concern. HEV genotypes 1 and 2 are widely distributed and pathogenic only for humans. In contrast, HEV, genotypes 3 and 4 are observed in swine, deer, wild boars and rabbits and can also be transmitted to humans. The presence of HEV in the liver, muscle, faeces, blood, and bile was detected by real-time RT-PCR in 156 pigs belonging to twenty different farms, ranging from 1 to 8 months of age. The phylogenetic analysis was performed on the viral strain present in the positive biological matrix, with the lowest Ct. HEV-IgG and HEV-IgM in the sera were analysed by two different ELISA kits.</jats:p>
              </jats:sec><jats:sec>
                <jats:title>Results</jats:title>
                <jats:p>Twenty-one pigs, i.e., 13.46% of them (21/156, 95% CI: 8.53%-19.84%), tested positive for HEV in at least one biological matrix by real-time RT-PCR, while phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of HEV subtypes 3f and 3c. Pig serums analysed by ELISA showed an overall prevalence of 26.92% (42/156, 95% CI: 20.14%-34.60%) for HEV-IgG, whereas the 28.95% (33/114, 95% CI: 20.84%-38.19%) of them tested negative resulted positive for the HEV-IgM.</jats:p>
              </jats:sec><jats:sec>
                <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
                <jats:p>The faeces are the biological matrix with the highest probability of detecting HEV. The best concordance value (Kappa Kohen index) and the highest positive correlation (Phi index) were observed for the correlation between bile and liver, even when the number of positive liver samples was lower than the positive bile samples. This finding may suggest that a higher probability of HEV occurs in the bile, when the virus is present in the liver, during the stages of infection. Finally, the presence of HEV in muscle was observed in 11 pigs, usually used for the preparation of some dishes, typical of the Italian tradition, based on raw or undercooked meat. Therefore, their consumption is a possible source of infection for final consumer.</jats:p>
              </jats:sec>","BMC Vet Res","list(given = c(""Emanuele"", ""Francesca"", ""Angelo"", ""Simone"", ""Nicoletta"", ""Annalisa"", ""Claudio"", ""Laura"", ""Pier Luigi"", ""Ledi"", ""Loretta""), family = c(""Carella"", ""Oberto"", ""Romano"", ""Peletto"", ""Vitale"", ""Costa"", ""Caruso"", ""Chiavacci"", ""Acutis"", ""Pite"", ""Masoero""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12917-023-03578-4.pdf"", ""https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12917-023-03578-4/fulltext.html"", ""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12917-023-03578-4.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""text/html"", ""application/pdf""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""3578_CR1"", ""3578_CR2"", ""3578_CR3"", ""3578_CR4"", ""3578_CR5"", ""3578_CR6"", ""3578_CR7"", ""3578_CR8"", ""3578_CR9"", ""3578_CR10"", ""3578_CR11"", ""3578_CR12"", ""3578_CR13"", ""3578_CR14"", ""3578_CR15"", ""3578_CR16"", ""3578_CR17"", ""3578_CR18"", ""3578_CR19"", ""3578_CR20"", ""3578_CR21"", ""3578_CR22"", ""3578_CR23"", ""3578_CR24"", ""3578_CR25"", ""3578_CR26"", ""3578_CR27"", ""3578_CR28"", ""3578_CR29"", ""3578_CR30"", ""3578_CR31"", ""3578_CR32"", ""3578_CR33"", ""3578_CR34"", ""3578_CR35"", ""3578_CR36"", ""3578_CR37"", ""3578_CR38"", ""3578_CR39"", 
""3578_CR40"", ""3578_CR41"", ""3578_CR42"", ""3578_CR43"", ""3578_CR44""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), unstructured = c(""Hoan NX, Huy PX, Sy BT, Meyer CG, Van Son T, Binh MT, Giang DP, Anh DT, Bock CT, Wang B, Tong HV, Kremsner PG, Song LH, Toan NL, Velavan TP (2019) High Hepatitis E virus (HEV) Positivity Among Domestic Pigs and Risk of HEV Infection of Individuals Occupationally Exposed to Pigs and Pork Meat in Hanoi, Vietnam. Open Forum Infect. Dis 6(9). https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz306."", 
""Mazalovska M, Varadinov M, Koynarski T, Minkov I, Teoharov P, Lomonosoff GP, Zahmanova G. Detection of Serum Antibodies to Hepatitis E Virus Based on HEV Genotype 3 ORF2 Capsid Protein Expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. Ann Lab Med. 2016;37(4):313–9. https://doi.org/10.3343/alm.2017.37.4.313."", ""Wu C, Wu X, Xia J (2020) Hepatitis E virus infection during pregnancy. Virol. J. 17(73). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-020-01343-9."", ""EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ). Public health risks associated with hepatitis E virus (HEV) as a food-borne pathogen. EFSA J. 2017. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4886."", 
""De Sabato L, Ostanello F, De Grossi L, Marcario A, Franzetti B, Monini M, Di Bartolo I. Molecular survey of HEV infection in wild boar population in Italy Transbound Emerg. Dis. 2018;65(6):1749–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12948."", ""Pavio N, Meng XJ, Renou C. Zoonotic hepatitis E: animal reservoirs and emerging risks. Vet Res. 2010;41(6):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres/2010018."", ""Di Bartolo I, Ponterio E, Castellini L, Ostanello F, Ruggeri FM. Viral and antibody HEV prevalence in swine at slaughterhouse in Italy. Vet Microbiol. 2011;149:330–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.12.007."", 
""Porea D, Anita A, Demange A, Raileanu C, Oslobanu L, Anita D, Savuta G, Pavio N. Molecular detection of hepatitis E virus in wild boar population in eastern Romania. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2017;65(2):527–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12736."", ""Sarchese V, Fruci P, Palombieri A, Di Profio F, Robetto S, Ercolini C, Orusa R, Marsilio F, Martella V, Di Martino B. Molecular Identification and Characterization of a Genotype 3 Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Strain Detected in a Wolf Faecal Sample. Italy Animals. 2021;11:3465. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123465."", 
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""10.1371/journal.pone.0022412"", ""10.1002/jmv.1890400414"", ""10.1086/655898"", ""10.1097/MEG.0b013e3282f5195a"", ""10.1007/s00430-011-0221-2"", ""10.1128/JVI.00800-12"", NA, ""10.3201/eid1810.111756"", ""10.1128/JCM.01466-09"", ""10.1128/JCM.40.11.4197-4202.2002"", ""10.1016/j.meegid.2012.02.021"", ""10.3201/eid1609.100444"", ""10.1099/vir.0.016584-0"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2011.06.006"", ""10.1016/0002-9343(80)90200-4"", ""10.1007/s00430-011-0210-5"", ""10.3201/eid1808.120070"", ""10.1099/vir.0.034835-0"", ""10.1007/s00284-010-9863-3"", 
""10.1086/378074"", ""10.1006/viro.2001.1093"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2011.01.016"", NA, ""10.1016/j.virusres.2011.03.015"", ""10.1002/jmv.21116"", ""10.1051/vetres/2010018"", ""10.1128/JVI.01854-08"", ""10.3201/eid1712.110482"", ""10.1002/jmv.1890410118"", NA, ""10.3201/eid1808.111659"", NA, ""10.1186/1743-422X-6-58"", ""10.1016/j.jhep.2011.06.021"", ""10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.07.004"", ""10.1016/0042-6822(91)90760-9"", ""10.1073/pnas.1101309108"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14025-1"", ""10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0456"", ""10.1089/fpd.2012.1141"", 
""10.1099/vir.0.19242-0""), article.title = c(""High HEV presence in four different wild boar populations in East and West Germany"", ""Hepatitis E"", ""Prevalence of Hepatitis E virus-specific antibodies in sera of German domestic pigs estimated by using different assays"", ""Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E: is screening warranted?"", ""Thermal inactivation of infectious hepatitis E virus in experimentally contaminated food"", ""A novel member of the family Hepeviridae from cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii)"", 
""The hepatitis E virus ORF3 protein regulates the expression of liver-specific genes by modulating localization of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4"", ""Detection of IgA class antibody to hepatitis E virus in serum samples from patients with hepatitis E virus infection"", ""Pig liver sausage as a source of hepatitis E virus transmission to humans"", ""Autochthonous hepatitis E in Southwest England: natural history, complications and seasonal variation, and hepatitis E virus IgG seroprevalence in blood donors, the elderly and patients with chronic liver disease"", 
""Seroprevalence study in forestry workers from eastern Germany using novel genotype 3- and rat hepatitis E virus-specific immunoglobulin G ELISAs"", ""Bats worldwide carry hepatitis E virus-related viruses that form a putative novel genus within the family Hepeviridae"", ""Hepevirus"", ""Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence among adults, Germany"", ""Prevalence of hepatitis E virus in Chinese blood donors"", ""Heterogeneity and seroprevalence of a newly identified avian hepatitis e virus from chickens in the United States"", 
""Rat hepatitis E virus: geographical clustering within Germany and serological detection in wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus)"", ""Novel hepatitis E virus genotype in Norway rats, Germany"", ""Detection of a novel hepatitis E-like virus in faeces of wild rats using a nested broad-spectrum RT-PCR"", ""Serological diagnostics of hepatitis E virus infection"", ""Study of an epidemic of non-A non-B hepatitis. Possibility of another human hepatitis virus distinct from post-transfusion non-A, non-B type"", ""Prevalence of hepatitis E virus-specific antibodies in humans with occupational exposure to pigs"", 
""Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in wild rats, United States"", ""Characterization of self-assembled virus-like particles of rat hepatitis E virus generated by recombinant baculoviruses"", ""RNA interference induces effective inhibition of mRNA accumulation and protein expression of SHEV ORF3 gene in vitro"", ""Severe hepatitis E virus infection after ingestion of uncooked liver from a wild boar"", ""Identification and characterization of the neutralization epitope(s) of the hepatitis E virus"", ""From barnyard to food table: the omnipresence of hepatitis E virus and risk for zoonotic infection and food safety"", 
""Family Hepeviridae"", ""Structure of hepatitis E viral particle"", ""Hepatitis E virus: molecular virology, clinical features, diagnosis, transmission, epidemiology, and prevention"", ""Zoonotic hepatitis E: animal reservoirs and emerging risks"", ""Deletions of the hypervariable region (HVR) in open reading frame 1 of hepatitis E virus do not abolish virus infectivity: evidence for attenuation of HVR deletion mutants in vivo"", ""Hepatitis E virus in rats, Los Angeles, California, USA"", ""Preliminary evidence that a trpE-HEV fusion protein protects cynomolgus macaques against challenge with wild-type hepatitis E virus (HEV)"", 
NA, ""Novel hepatitis E virus in ferrets, the Netherlands"", NA, ""Detection of hepatitis E virus in wild boars of rural and urban regions in Germany and whole genome characterization of an endemic strain"", ""Liver transplant from a donor with occult HEV infection induced chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in the recipient"", ""Protective role of humoral immune responses during an outbreak of hepatitis E in Egypt"", ""Hepatitis E virus (HEV): molecular cloning and sequencing of the full-length viral genome"", 
""Structural basis for the neutralization and genotype specificity of hepatitis E virus"", ""Zoonotic transmission of hepatitis E virus from deer to human beings"", ""Hepatitis E virus infections in swine and swine handlers in Vellore Southern India"", ""Detection of IgM and IgG against hepatitis E virus in serum and meat juice samples from pigs at slaughter in Bavaria, Germany"", ""Sporadic acute or fulminant hepatitis E in Hokkaido, Japan, may be food-borne, as suggested by the presence of hepatitis E virus in pig liver as food""
), volume = c(""139"", ""54"", ""144"", ""29"", ""78"", ""158"", ""6"", ""40"", ""202"", ""20"", ""201"", ""86"", NA, ""18"", ""48"", ""40"", ""12"", ""16"", ""91"", ""161"", ""68"", ""201"", ""18"", ""92"", ""62"", ""188"", ""288"", ""161"", NA, ""161"", ""80"", ""41"", ""83"", ""17"", ""41"", NA, ""18"", NA, ""6"", ""56"", ""106"", ""185"", ""108"", ""362"", ""84"", ""9"", ""84""), author = c(""Adlhoch"", ""Aggarwal"", ""Baechlein"", ""Bajpai"", ""Barnaud"", ""Batts"", ""Chandra"", ""Chau"", ""Colson"", ""Dalton"", ""Dremsek"", ""Drexler"", ""Emerson"", ""Faber"", ""Guo"", ""Huang"", ""Johne"", ""Johne"", ""Johne"", 
""Khudyakov"", ""Khuroo"", ""Krumbholz"", ""Lack"", ""Li"", ""Liu"", ""Matsuda"", ""Meng"", ""Meng"", ""Meng"", ""Mori"", ""Mushahwar"", ""Pavio"", ""Pudupakam"", ""Purcell"", ""Purdy"", ""Development Core Team"", ""Raj"", NA, ""Schielke"", ""Schlosser"", ""Shata"", ""Tam"", ""Tang"", ""Tei"", ""Vivek"", ""Wacheck"", ""Yazaki""), year = c(""2009"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""1993"", ""2010"", ""2008"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2004"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2002"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""1980"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2003"", ""2001"", 
""2011"", ""2012"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""1993"", ""2011"", ""2012"", NA, ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""1991"", ""2011"", ""2003"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2003""), journal.title = c(""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Hepatology"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Indian J. Med. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Virus Res."", ""PLoS One"", ""J. Med. Virol."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."", ""Med. Microbiol. Immunol."", ""J. Virol."", NA, ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Infect. Genet. Evol."", 
""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Virus Res."", ""Am. J. Med."", ""Med. Microbiol. Immunol."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Curr. Microbiol."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Virology"", ""Virus Res."", NA, ""Virus Res."", ""J. Med. Virol."", ""Vet. Res."", ""J. Virol."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Med. Virol."", NA, ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", NA, ""Virol. J."", ""J. Hepatol."", ""Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."", ""Virology"", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"", ""Lancet"", ""Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."", ""Foodborne Pathog. Dis."", 
""J. Gen. Virol.""), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""7"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Virus Taxonomy, VIIIth Report of the ICTV"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Virus Taxonomy, Ninth Report of the ICTV"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""R: a language and environment for statistical computing."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Robert Koch-Institut. SurvStat, http://www3.rki.de/SurvStat. Data from 2/1/2013."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0166093413000864",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2013-06-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Dremsek","2013","Dremsek et al., 2013"
"Animals","2021-10-26","2024-07-20",NA,"10.3390/ani11113050","2025-02-21","2076-2615","11","2021-10-25","1968","3050","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","53","53","5","Screening of Swiss Pig Herds for Hepatitis E Virus: A Pilot Study","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113050","11","<jats:p>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important cause of acute hepatitis in humans worldwide. In industrialised countries, most infections are caused by the zoonotic genotype 3. The main reservoir was found in pigs, with fattening pigs as the main shedders. The aim of this study was to establish a screening tool to detect HEV in pig farms. HEV-positive samples were sequenced using Sanger sequencing. First, different sample materials, including floor swabs, slurry, dust swabs and faeces were tested for HEV. Floor swabs turned out to give the best results and, in the form of sock swabs, were used for the screening of Swiss pig herds. A total of 138 pig farms were tested, with a focus on fattening pigs. Overall, 81 farms (58.8%) were HEV positive. Most sequences belonged to subtype 3h, in which they formed a specific cluster (Swiss cluster). In addition, subtype 3l and two unassigned sequences were detected. As a conclusion, sock swabs were found to be a helpful tool to screen pig herds for HEV and establish a sequence collection that may enable molecular epidemiology and support outbreak investigation and prevention.</jats:p>","Animals","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9914-4615"", NA, NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-8083""), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, FALSE), given = c(""Julia"", ""Isabelle"", ""Xaver"", ""Claudia""), family = c(""Lienhard"", ""Vonlanthen-Specker"", ""Sidler"", ""Bachofen""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"", ""Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"", 
""Division of Swine Medicine, Department of Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"", ""Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland""))","list(URL = ""https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3050/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref_1"", ""ref_2"", ""ref_3"", ""ref_4"", ""ref_5"", ""ref_6"", ""ref_7"", ""ref_8"", ""ref_9"", ""ref_10"", ""ref_11"", ""ref_12"", ""ref_13"", ""ref_14"", ""ref_15"", ""ref_16"", ""ref_17"", ""ref_18"", ""ref_19"", ""ref_20"", ""ref_21"", ""ref_22"", ""ref_23"", ""ref_24"", ""ref_25"", ""ref_26"", ""ref_27"", ""ref_28"", ""ref_29"", ""ref_30"", ""ref_31"", ""ref_32"", ""ref_33"", ""ref_34"", ""ref_35"", ""ref_36"", ""ref_37"", ""ref_38"", ""ref_39"", ""ref_40"", ""ref_41"", ""ref_42"", ""ref_43"", ""ref_44"", ""ref_45"", ""ref_46"", ""ref_47"", ""ref_48"", ""ref_49"", ""ref_50"", 
""ref_51"", ""ref_52"", ""ref_53""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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""477"", ""3189"", ""1314"", NA, ""110"", ""2704"", ""410"", ""645"", NA), DOI = c(""10.1099/jgv.0.000940"", ""10.1128/JCM.02002-09"", ""10.1146/annurev-virology-031413-085359"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2011.01.016"", ""10.1186/s13567-017-0483-9"", NA, ""10.1111/trf.12733"", ""10.1111/trf.13028"", ""10.1111/jvh.12868"", ""10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.35.1700616"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-102"", ""10.1128/JCM.42.11.5047-5052.2004"", ""10.1177/104063870601800506"", NA, ""10.1073/pnas.94.18.9860"", ""10.1007/s007050050384"", ""10.1186/s13567-017-0436-3"", 
""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.04.028"", ""10.1089/fpd.2012.1141"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.06.004"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.08.010"", ""10.1111/zph.12103"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-058"", ""10.1099/jgv.0.000393"", ""10.1002/rmv.1987"", ""10.3389/fmicb.2020.634430"", ""10.1128/genomeA.00345-17"", ""10.1128/genomeA.00888-17"", ""10.1128/genomeA.00113-18"", ""10.1099/jgv.0.001435"", ""10.1016/j.jhep.2019.01.025"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2015.09.012"", ""10.1136/vr.104072"", ""10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.10.1800407"", NA, ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.07.004"", 
""10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.07.027"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.06.029"", ""10.1177/1040638720982630"", ""10.1093/molbev/msy096"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0108277"", ""10.1136/vr.105840"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.04.015"", ""10.1637/11224-063015-ResNote.1"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2012.04.004"", ""10.1099/vir.0.80248-0"", ""10.1111/tbed.13153"", ""10.3390/v11070653"", ""10.3201/eid1501.080296"", ""10.3390/v7052704"", ""10.1007/s12560-019-09393-1"", ""10.1007/s00705-016-3135-x"", ""10.1093/clinchem/hvab186""), article.title = c(""ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hepeviridae"", 
""Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) strains in serum samples can replicate efficiently in cultured cells despite the coexistence of HEV antibodies: Characterization of HEV virions in blood circulation"", ""Naked Viruses That Aren’t Always Naked: Quasi-Enveloped Agents of Acute Hepatitis"", ""From barnyard to food table: The omnipresence of hepatitis E virus and risk for zoonotic infection and food safety"", ""Recent knowledge on hepatitis E virus in Suidae reservoirs and transmission routes to human"", NA, ""Past and present of hepatitis E in the Netherlands"", 
""Declining prevalence of hepatitis E antibodies among Danish blood donors"", ""Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence, seroincidence and seroreversion in the German adult population"", ""Current hepatitis E virus seroprevalence in Swiss blood donors and apparent decline from 1997 to 2016"", ""Direct contact and environmental contaminations are responsible for HEV transmission in pigs"", ""Routes of transmission of swine hepatitis E virus in pigs"", ""Detection of hepatitis E virus shedding in feces of pigs at different stages of production using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction"", 
""Molecular characterization of hepatitis E virus detected in swine farms in the province of Quebec"", ""A novel virus in swine is closely related to the human hepatitis E virus"", ""Experimental infection of pigs with the newly identified swine hepatitis E virus (swine HEV), but not with human strains of HEV"", ""From the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) within the swine reservoir to public health risk mitigation strategies: A comprehensive review"", ""Widespread diffusion of genotype 3 hepatitis E virus among farming swine in Northern Italy"", 
""Detection of IgM and IgG against hepatitis E virus in serum and meat juice samples from pigs at slaughter in Bavaria, Germany"", ""Estimation of hepatitis E virus (HEV) pig seroprevalence using ELISA and Western blot and comparison between human and pig HEV sequences in Belgium"", ""Longitudinal study of hepatitis E virus infection in Spanish farrow-to-finish swine herds"", ""Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus in domestic pigs and wild boars in Switzerland"", ""Seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus and anti-Salmonella antibodies in pigs at slaughter in Switzerland"", 
""Proposed reference sequences for hepatitis E virus subtypes"", ""Diversity of hepatitis E virus genotype 3"", ""Classification of the Zoonotic Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 Into Distinct Subgenotypes"", ""Identification of a Novel Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 Strain Isolated from a Chronic Hepatitis E Virus Infection in a Kidney Transplant Recipient in Switzerland"", ""Complete Genome Sequences of Two Swiss Hepatitis E Virus Isolates from Human Stool and Raw Pork Sausage"", ""Complete Genome Sequence of a Swiss Hepatitis E Virus Isolate from the Liver of a Fattening Pig"", 
""Update: Proposed reference sequences for subtypes of hepatitis E virus (species Orthohepevirus A)"", ""Rabbit HEV in immunosuppressed patients with hepatitis E acquired in Switzerland"", ""A nationwide database linking information on the hosts with sequence data of their virus strains: A useful tool for the eradication of bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) in Switzerland"", ""Analysis of bovine viral diarrhoea virus: Biobank and sequence database to support eradication in Scotland"", ""HEVnet: A One Health, collaborative, interdisciplinary network and sequence data repository for enhanced hepatitis E virus molecular typing, characterisation and epidemiological investigations"", 
NA, ""A broadly reactive one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for rapid and sensitive detection of hepatitis E virus"", ""Minor groove binder modification of widely used TaqMan probe for hepatitis E virus reduces risk of false negative real-time PCR results"", ""Porcine blood used as ingredient in meat productions may serve as a vehicle for hepatitis E virus transmission"", ""Implementation of next-generation sequencing for virus identification in veterinary diagnostic laboratories"", ""MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms"", 
NA, ""Evaluation of a non-invasive screening approach to determine hepatitis E virus status of pig farms"", ""Clinical utility and performance of sock sampling in weaner pig diarrhoea"", ""Validation of Single and Pooled Manure Drag Swabs for the Detection of Salmonella Serovar Enteritidis in Commercial Poultry Houses"", ""HEV infection in swine from Eastern Brazilian Amazon: Evidence of co-infection by different subtypes"", ""Evidence for hepatitis E virus quasispecies"", ""Hepatitis E virus strains infecting Swedish domestic pigs are unique for each pig farm and remain in the farm for at least 2 years"", 
NA, ""Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 diversity, France"", ""Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 diversity: Phylogenetic analysis and presence of subtype 3b in wild boar in Europe"", ""Screening and Molecular Characterization of Hepatitis E Virus in Slaughter Pigs in Serbia"", ""The effect of phylogenetic signal reduction on genotyping of hepatitis E viruses of the species Orthohepevirus A"", NA), volume = c(""98"", ""48"", ""1"", ""161"", ""48"", NA, ""54"", ""55"", ""25"", ""23"", ""44"", ""42"", ""18"", ""72"", ""94"", ""143"", ""48"", ""132"", 
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""Smith"", ""Sahli"", ""Stalder"", ""Russell"", ""Mulder"", NA, ""Jothikumar"", ""Garson"", ""Boxman"", ""Kubacki"", ""Kumar"", NA, ""Risalde"", ""Pedersen"", ""Kinde"", ""Soares"", ""Grandadam"", ""Wang"", NA, ""Mansuy"", ""Schlosser"", ""Velebit"", ""Purdy"", NA), year = c(""2017"", ""2010"", ""2014"", ""2011"", ""2017"", NA, ""2014"", ""2015"", ""2018"", ""2018"", ""2013"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""2008"", ""1997"", ""1998"", ""2017"", ""2008"", ""2012"", ""2014"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""2012"", ""2016"", ""2018"", ""2020"", ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2020"", ""2019"", ""2016"", ""2017"", ""2019"", 
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""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", ""J. Food Prot."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Rev. Med. Virol."", ""Front. Microbiol."", ""Genome Announc."", ""Genome Announc."", ""Genome Announc."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Hepatol."", ""Virus Res."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Euro Surveill."", NA, ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."", ""Mol. Biol. Evol."", NA, ""Vet. Rec."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Avian Dis."", ""Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", 
""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", NA, ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Viruses"", ""Food Environ. Virol."", ""Arch. Virol."", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2017). Hepatitis E in the EU/EEA, 2005–2015, ECDC."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Amsler, M.L. (2020). Occurrence of Escherichia Coli Non-Susceptible to Quinolones in Fecal and Environmental Samples from Pigs at Different Ages after Fluoroquinolone Treatment in Piglets or Their Dams. [DVM Thesis, University of Zurich]."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Muhire, B.M., Varsani, A., and Martin, D.P. (2014). SDT: A virus classification tool based on pairwise sequence alignment and identity calculation. PLoS ONE, 9."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Kaufmann, C., Stalder, H., Sidler, X., Renzullo, S., Gurtner, C., Grahofer, A., and Schweizer, M. (2019). Long-Term Circulation of Atypical Porcine Pestivirus (APPV) within Switzerland. Viruses, 11."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Baylis, S.A., Adlhoch, C., Childs, L., and HEV sequencing study group (2021). An Evaluation of Hepatitis E Virus Molecular Typing Methods. Clin. Chem., accepted.""
))","ani11113050","2021-10-25","en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/501100006454"", name = ""Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", award = ""1.18.05"", id.id = ""10.13039/501100006454"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = ""2021-10-25"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Lienhard","2021","Lienhard et al., 2021"
"Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases","2019-04-24","2024-07-17","2019-10-01","10.1089/vbz.2018.2430","2025-04-14","1530-3667,1557-7759","10","2019-10-01","278","767-772","10.1089","Mary Ann Liebert Inc","1","Crossref","48","48","16","Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Pigs from Southern Bulgaria","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2018.2430","19",NA,"Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases","list(given = c(""Ilia"", ""Magdalena"", ""Massimo"", ""Roman"", ""Todor"", ""Plamen"", ""Kiril K."", ""Krasimira"", ""Maria"", ""Liliya""), family = c(""Tsachev"", ""Baymakova"", ""Ciccozzi"", ""Pepovich"", ""Kundurzhiev"", ""Marutsov"", ""Dimitrov"", ""Gospodinova"", ""Pishmisheva"", ""Pekova""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria."", 
""Department of Infectious Diseases, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria."", ""Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, Universita Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy."", ""Department of Infectious Pathology, Hygiene, Technology and Control of Foods from Animal Origin, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria."", ""Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria."", ""Department of Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria."", 
""Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria."", ""Department of Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria."", ""Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital, Pazardzhik, Bulgaria."", ""Department of Infectious Diseases, Stara Zagora University Hospital, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.""))","list(URL = c(""https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1089/vbz.2018.2430"", ""https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/vbz.2018.2430""), content.type = c(""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""B1"", ""B2"", ""B3"", ""B4"", ""B5"", ""B6"", ""B7"", ""B8"", ""B9"", ""B10"", ""B11"", ""B12"", ""B13"", ""B14"", ""B15"", ""B16"", ""B17"", ""B19"", ""B20"", ""B21"", ""B22"", ""B23"", ""B24"", ""B25"", ""B26"", ""B27"", ""B28"", ""B29"", ""B30"", ""B31"", ""B32"", ""B33"", ""B34"", ""B35"", ""B36"", ""B37"", ""B38"", ""B39"", ""B40"", ""B41"", ""B42"", ""B43"", ""B44"", ""B45"", ""B46"", ""B47"", ""B49"", ""B50""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
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""10.2298/SARH1602063B"", ""10.1051/vetres:2008017"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-5-7"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.05.002"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0198045"", ""10.1111/zph.12103"", ""10.3390/v10060285"", ""10.1002/jmv.25296"", ""10.1128/JCM.43.4.1684-1688.2005"", ""10.1017/S0950268814003100"", ""10.1186/s12917-017-1208-z"", ""10.3201/eid2108.141995"", ""10.1128/JCM.39.3.918-923.2001"", ""10.1128/JCM.37.12.3828-3834.1999"", ""10.24099/vet.arhiv.170208"", ""10.1186/1756-0500-4-412"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268816002144"", ""10.1053/j.gastro.2015.10.048"", 
""10.1007/s00705-011-1089-6"", ""10.1007/s12560-010-9033-6"", ""10.3402/iee.v1i0.7331"", ""10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199911)59:3<297::AID-JMV6>3.0.CO;2-3"", ""10.1073/pnas.94.18.9860"", ""10.1292/jvms.11-0520"", ""10.1051/vetres/2010018"", ""10.2298/VSP170815159P"", ""10.1016/S0168-8278(00)80316-5"", NA, ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-302"", NA, NA, ""10.2298/AVB0903205S"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14025-1"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.06.004"", ""10.1089/fpd.2012.1141"", ""10.1002/jmv.10131"", ""10.1002/jmv.20059"", 
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""41"", NA, NA, ""67"", ""32"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""8"", NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Burri C"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Hsieh SY"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Pishmisheva M"", NA, NA, ""Savuta G"", ""Savuta GH"", NA, NA, ""Teoharov P"", ""Teoharov P"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Yoo D"", NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2014"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1999"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2018"", NA, NA, ""2007"", ""2008"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""KantalaT. Presence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) and markers for HEV infection in production swine, human patients with unexplained hepatitis, and veterinarians in Finland. PhD Thesis, University of Helsinki (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine), Helsinki, Finland, April 28, 2017."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1089/vbz.2018.2430",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2019-10-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Tsachev","2019","Tsachev et al., 2019"
"Microorganisms","2021-04-19","2024-07-11",NA,"10.3390/microorganisms9040872","2025-06-16","2076-2607","4","2021-04-17","1968","872","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","36","36","23","Occurrence of Salmonella in the Cattle Production in France","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040872","9","<jats:p>Salmonella is among the most common foodborne pathogens worldwide, and can lead to acute gastroenteritis. Along with poultry, cattle production is recognized as an important source of human infection. Salmonella transmission from cattle to humans can occur through the environment, or through close contact with sick animals or their derived products. This study aimed to investigate the intestinal carriage of Salmonella spp. within French cattle production. A total of 959 cattle intestinal samples, from one of the largest French slaughterhouses, were analyzed. Isolated strains were genotyped by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and a sub-selection was taken by whole genome sequencing (WGS). Twenty-nine samples were positive for Salmonella spp., yielding an estimated prevalence of 3% in cattle production. Eight different Salmonella serotypes were found: Montevideo was the most prevalent (34%), followed by Mbandaka (24%) and Anatum (14%). PFGE genotyping allowed the clustering of Salmonella isolates according to their serotype. Within the clusters, some isolates presented 100% similarity. To investigate potential epidemiological links between them, WGS and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) were used, revealing identical profiles between isolates originating from different areas and/or different animal breeds. This investigation provides new insights on Salmonella serotype epidemiology in cattle production in France.</jats:p>","Microorganisms","list(given = c(""Laetitia"", ""Amandine"", ""Louise"", ""Sandra"", ""Françoise"", ""Marianne""), family = c(""Bonifait"", ""Thépault"", ""Baugé"", ""Rouxel"", ""Le Gall"", ""Chemaly""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Site BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"", ""Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Site BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"", 
""Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Site BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"", ""Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Site BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"", ""Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Site BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"", 
""Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Site BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France""))","list(URL = ""https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/4/872/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref_1"", ""ref_2"", ""ref_3"", ""ref_4"", ""ref_5"", ""ref_6"", ""ref_7"", ""ref_8"", ""ref_9"", ""ref_10"", ""ref_11"", ""ref_12"", ""ref_13"", ""ref_14"", ""ref_15"", ""ref_16"", ""ref_17"", ""ref_18"", ""ref_19"", ""ref_20"", ""ref_21"", ""ref_22"", ""ref_23"", ""ref_24"", ""ref_25"", ""ref_26"", ""ref_27"", ""ref_28"", ""ref_29"", ""ref_30"", ""ref_31"", ""ref_32"", ""ref_33"", ""ref_34"", ""ref_35"", ""ref_36""), unstructured = c(""EFSA-ECDC (2021). The European Union One Health 2019 Zoonoses Report. EFSA J., 6406."", ""WHO European Region (2017). The burden of foodborne diseases in the WHO european Region. WHO J., 1–36."", 
""Havelaar, A.H., Kirk, M.D., Torgerson, P.R., Gibb, H.J., Hald, T., Lake, R.J., Praet, N., Bellinger, D.C., de Silva, N.R., and Gargouri, N. (2015). World Health Organization Global Estimates and Regional Comparisons of the Burden of Foodborne Disease in 2010. PLoS Med., 12."", ""WHO (2015). Estimates of the Global Burden of Foodborne Diseases."", NA, NA, ""Salaheen, S., Sonnier, J., Kim, S.W., Haley, B.J., and van Kessel, J.A.S. (2020). Interaction of Salmonella enterica with Bovine Epithelial Cells Demonstrates Serovar-Specific Association and Invasion Patterns. Foodborne Pathog. Dis."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Afnor (2021, April 16). NF EN ISO 6579, Horizontal Method for the Detection of Salmonella spp.. Available online: https://www.boutique.afnor.org/."", ""Afnor, N.F. (2007). U 47-100, Méthodes D’analyse en Santé Animale—Recherche par L’isolement et Identification de tout Sérovar ou de Sérovar(s) Spécifié(s) de Salmonelles dans L’environnement des Productions Animales, Decitre."", NA, ""Afnor, N.F. (2021, April 16). EN ISO 6579-2, Microbiology of Food Animal Feed—Horizontal Method for the Detection, Enumeration and Serotyping of Salmonella—Part 2: Enumeration by a Miniaturized Most Probable Number Technique, XP CEN ISO/TS 6579-2. Available online: https://www.boutique.afnor.org/."", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Alikhan, N.F., Zhou, Z., Sergeant, M.J., and Achtman, M. (2018). A genomic overview of the population structure of Salmonella. PLoS Genet., 14."", NA, ""Simonsen, M., Mailund, T., and Pedersen, C.N.S. (2008, January 15–19). Rapid Neighbour-Joining. Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2008), Karlsruhe, Germany."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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""10.3855/jidc.12087"", ""10.3389/fvets.2019.00102"", ""10.3389/fvets.2019.00184"", ""10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73045-9"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108382"", ""10.1016/S2221-1691(14)60199-4"", ""10.1007/s13197-019-04002-2"", ""10.1089/fpd.2011.1054"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1089/fpd.2006.3.59"", ""10.1089/fpd.2007.0090"", ""10.1089/cmb.2012.0021"", ""10.1371/journal.pgen.1007261"", ""10.1101/gr.232397.117"", ""10.1007/978-3-540-87361-7_10"", ""10.1086/650733"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.03.002"", ""10.1155/2018/9794869"", ""10.3168/jds.2009-2093"", 
""10.1089/fpd.2007.0048"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-68.4.696"", ""10.3201/eid2309.170136"", ""10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.3.1700703""), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""229"", ""225"", NA, ""693"", ""567"", ""1"", ""104"", ""102"", ""184"", ""3603"", ""108382"", ""1"", ""5317"", ""319"", NA, NA, ""1"", NA, ""59"", ""293"", ""455"", NA, ""1395"", NA, ""882"", ""1"", ""9794869"", ""3766"", ""87"", ""696"", ""9"", ""3""), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Host adapted serotypes of Salmonella enterica"", ""Bovine salmonellosis in England and Wales"", NA, ""The prevalence of Salmonella spp. in bovine faecal, rumen and carcass samples at a commercial abattoir"", 
""Prevalence of Salmonella spp on conventional and organic dairy farms"", ""Review of pathogenesis and diagnostic methods of immediate relevance for epidemiology and control of Salmonella Dublin in cattle"", ""Outbreak investigation of septicemic salmonellosis in calves"", ""Prevalence and Serotype Diversity of Salmonella in Apparently Healthy Cattle: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Published Studies, 2000–2017"", ""Corrigendum: Prevalence and Serotype Diversity of Salmonella in Apparently Healthy Cattle: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Published Studies, 2000–2017"", 
""Fecal prevalence and diversity of Salmonella species in lactating dairy cattle in four states"", ""Prevalence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in African food animals and meat: A systematic review and meta-analysis"", ""Bovine salmonellosis in northeast of Iran: Frequency, genetic fingerprinting and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella spp."", ""Salmonella prevalence and serovar distribution in healthy slaughter sheep and cattle determined by ISO 6579 and VIDAS UP Salmonella methods"", ""Dynamics of Salmonella serotype shifts in an endemically infected dairy herd"", 
NA, NA, ""Antigenic Formulae of the Salmonella Serovars"", NA, ""Standardization of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocols for the subtyping of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella, and Shigella for PulseNet"", ""Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis subtyping database for foodborne Salmonella enterica serotype discrimination"", ""SPAdes: A new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing"", NA, ""GrapeTree: Visualization of core genomic relationships among 100,000 bacterial pathogens"", 
NA, ""The global burden of nontyphoidal Salmonella gastroenteritis"", ""Salmonellosis in cattle: Advantages of being an experimental model"", ""Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella serovars isolated from slaughtered cattle in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"", ""The incidence of salmonellosis among dairy herds in the Northeastern United States"", ""Seasonal incidence and molecular characterization of Salmonella from dairy cows, calves, and farm environment"", ""Salmonella in dairy operations in the United States: Prevalence and antimicrobial drug susceptibility"", 
""Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serotype Dublin Infections among Humans, United States, 1968–2013"", ""Disentangling a complex nationwide Salmonella Dublin outbreak associated with raw-milk cheese consumption, France, 2015 to 2016""), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""125"", ""127"", NA, ""94"", ""225"", ""162"", ""14"", ""6"", ""6"", ""88"", ""315"", ""4"", ""56"", ""9"", NA, NA, ""9"", NA, ""3"", ""4"", ""19"", NA, ""28"", NA, ""50"", ""93"", ""2018"", ""92"", ""5"", ""68"", ""23"", ""24""), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Uzzau"", ""Hughes"", NA, ""McEvoy"", 
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"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","2010-01-22","2019-01-23","2010-12","10.1186/1751-0147-52-5","2025-05-19","1751-0147","1","2010-01-21","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","13","13","54","Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in Danish dairy herds","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-52-5","52",NA,"Acta Vet Scand","list(given = c(""Jens F"", ""Anna-Bodil"", ""Erik"", ""Jørgen"", ""Jørgen S""), family = c(""Agger"", ""Christoffersen"", ""Rattenborg"", ""Nielsen"", ""Agerholm""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1751-0147-52-5.pdf"", ""http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1751-0147-52-5/fulltext.html"", ""http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1751-0147-52-5.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""text/html"", ""application/pdf""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""573_CR1"", ""573_CR2"", ""573_CR3"", ""573_CR4"", ""573_CR5"", ""573_CR6"", ""573_CR7"", ""573_CR8"", ""573_CR9"", ""573_CR10"", ""573_CR11"", ""573_CR12"", ""573_CR13""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher""), first.page = c(""145"", ""56"", ""139"", ""519"", ""300"", ""3"", ""1581"", ""13"", ""16"", NA, ""514"", ""286"", ""121""), DOI = c(""10.1016/S0924-8579(96)00369-X"", NA, NA, ""10.1136/vr.144.19.519"", NA, NA, ""10.3168/jds.2008-1672"", NA, NA, NA, NA, 
""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.04.033"", ""10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.07.038""), volume = c(""8"", ""79"", ""55"", ""144"", ""134"", ""15"", ""92"", ""90"", ""91"", NA, NA, ""124"", ""62""), author = c(""TJ Marrie"", ""GH Lang"", ""G Lang"", ""GA Paiba"", ""HJ Roest"", ""S Magnino"", ""AL García-Pérez"", ""A-B Christoffersen"", ""R Bødker"", ""SAS Institute Inc"", ""L Schalch"", ""E Rousset"", ""A Rodolakis""), year = c(""1997"", ""1988"", ""1991"", ""1999"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2004"", ""1998"", ""2007"", ""2006""), unstructured = c(""Marrie TJ, Raoult D: Q fever - a review and issues for the next century. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 1997, 8: 145-161. 10.1016/S0924-8579(96)00369-X."", 
""Lang GH: Serosurvey on the occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in Ontario cattle. Can J Public Health. 1988, 79: 56-59."", ""Lang G, Waltner-Toews D, Menzies P: The seroprevalence of coxiellosis (Q fever) in Ontario sheep flocks. Can J Vet Res. 1991, 55: 139-142."", ""Paiba GA, Green LE, Lloyd G, Patel D, Morgan KL: Prevalence of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) in bulk tank milk in England and Wales. Vet Rec. 1999, 144: 519-522. 10.1136/vr.144.19.519."", ""Roest HJ, van Steenbergen J, Wijkmans C, van Duijnhoven Y, Stenvers O, Oomen T, Vellema P: Q fever in The Netherlands in 2008 and expectations for 2009 [in Dutch]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 2009, 134: 300-303."", 
""Magnino S, Vicari N, Boldini M, Rosignoli C, Nigrelli A, Andreoli G, Pajoro M, Fabbi M: Detection of Coxiella burnetii in bulk milk of dairy cattle from Lombardy, Italy [in Italian]. Large Animal Rev. 2009, 15: 3-6."", ""García-Pérez AL, Astobiza I, Barandika JF, Atxaerandio R, Hurtado A, Juste RA: Investigation of Coxiella burnetii occurrence in dairy sheep flocks by bulk tank milk analysis and antibody level determination. J Dairy Sci. 2009, 92: 1581-1584. 10.3168/jds.2008-1672."", ""Christoffersen A-B: Q fever in Danish cattle herds [in Danish]. Dansk VetTidskr. 2007, 90 (4): 13-15."", 
""Bødker R, Christoffersen A-B: Occurrence of the bacterial zoonosis Q fever in Danish cattle herds [in Danish]. Dansk VetTidskr. 2008, 91 (14): 16-22."", ""SAS Institute Inc: SAS (r) 9.1 (TS1 M2. 2004, Cary, NC, SAS Institute Inc., USA"", ""Schalch L, Russo P, Sa CD, Reynaud A, Bommeli W: Combined testing of ruminant serum samples for Chlamydia psittaci and Coxiella burnetii specific antibodies by ELISA. Proceedings of 6th Congress FeMeSPRum:14-16 May 1998. 1998, Postojna, Slovenia, 514-518."", ""Rousset E, Durand B, Berri M, Dufour P, Prigent M, Russo P, Delcroix T, Touratier A, Rodolakis A, Aubert M: Comparative diagnostic potential of three serological tests for abortive Q fever in goat herds. Vet Microbiol. 2007, 124: 286-297. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.04.033."", 
""Rodolakis A: Q fever, state of art: Epidemiology, diagnosis and prophylaxis. Small Ruminant Res. 2006, 62: 121-124. 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.07.038.""), journal.title = c(""Int J Antimicrob Agents"", ""Can J Public Health"", ""Can J Vet Res"", ""Vet Rec"", ""Tijdschr Diergeneeskd"", ""Large Animal Rev"", ""J Dairy Sci"", ""Dansk VetTidskr"", ""Dansk VetTidskr"", NA, NA, ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Small Ruminant Res""), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""4"", ""14"", NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, ""SAS (r) 9.1 (TS1 M2"", ""Proceedings of 6th Congress FeMeSPRum:14-16 May 1998"", NA, NA))","573","2010-01-21","en","NULL","list(date = ""2010-01-21"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Agger","2010","Agger et al., 2010"
"Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases","2012-05-31","2019-06-29","2012-08","10.1089/vbz.2011.0953","2025-05-21","1530-3667,1557-7759","8","2012-08","278","650-653","10.1089","Mary Ann Liebert Inc","1","Crossref","15","15","42","Prevalence of<i>Coxiella burnetii</i>in Hungary: Screening of Dairy Cows, Sheep, Commercial Milk Samples, and Ticks","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2011.0953","12",NA,"Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases","list(given = c(""Miklós"", ""Béla"", ""Sándor"", ""Péter"", ""Gábor"", ""Viktor"", ""Tamás"", ""István"", ""Réka"", ""Tibor"", ""Nóra"", ""Regina"", ""Károly"", ""Mangesh"", ""Ádám""), family = c(""Gyuranecz"", ""Dénes"", ""Hornok"", ""Kovács"", ""Horváth"", ""Jurkovich"", ""Varga"", ""Hajtós"", ""Szabó"", ""Magyar"", ""Vass"", ""Hofmann-Lehmann"", ""Erdélyi"", ""Bhide"", ""Dán""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", 
""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), affiliation2.name = c(""University of Veterinary Medicine Kosice, and Institute of Neuroimmunology, SASV, Kosice, Slovakia."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), affiliation.name = c(NA, ""Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary."", 
""Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary."", ""Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary."", ""Veterinary practitioners, Csurgó, Hungary."", ""Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary."", ""Veterinary practitioners, Csurgó, Hungary."", ""Government Office of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, Miskolc, Hungary."", ""Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary."", 
""Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary."", ""Centre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary."", ""Clinical Laboratory, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland."", ""Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary."", ""University of Veterinary Medicine Kosice, and Institute of Neuroimmunology, SASV, Kosice, Slovakia."", 
""Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary.""))","list(URL = c(""https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1089/vbz.2011.0953"", ""https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/vbz.2011.0953""), content.type = c(""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""B1"", ""B2"", ""B3"", ""B4"", ""B5"", ""B6"", ""B7"", ""B8"", ""B9"", ""B10"", ""B11"", ""B12"", ""B13"", ""B14"", ""B15""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1556/AVet.51.2003.4.13"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.007"", ""10.7589/0090-3558-46.4.1316"", ""10.1089/vbz.2010.0091"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2915.2008.00768.x"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.07.013"", ""10.1196/annals.1355.018"", 
""10.1089/fpd.2010.0579"", ""10.1007/s10493-006-9025-2"", ""10.1128/CMR.12.4.518"", NA, NA, ""10.1023/A:1023330222657"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2011.01421.x"", ""10.1089/vbz.2008.0070""), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""518"", ""25"", ""441"", NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""12"", ""12"", ""34"", NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Maurin M"", ""Romváry J"", ""Romváry J"", NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1999"", ""1957"", ""1979"", 
NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Clin Microbiol Rev"", ""Magy Állatorv Lapja"", ""Magy Állatorv Lapja"", NA, NA, NA))","10.1089/vbz.2011.0953",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2012-08-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Gyuranecz","2012","Gyuranecz et al., 2012"
"BMC Veterinary Research","2012-06-29","2021-09-01","2012-12","10.1186/1746-6148-8-100","2025-04-09","1746-6148","1","2012-06-29","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","24","24","36","Eradication of bovine tuberculosis at a herd-level in Madrid, Spain: study of within-herd transmission dynamics over a 12 year period","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-8-100","8","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Background</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Eradication of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) through the application of test-and-cull programs is a declared goal of developed countries in which the disease is still endemic. Here, longitudinal data from more than 1,700 cattle herds tested during a 12 year-period in the eradication program in the region of Madrid, Spain, were analyzed to quantify the within-herd transmission coefficient (β) depending on the herd-type (beef/dairy/bullfighting). In addition, the probability to recover the officially bTB free (OTF) status in infected herds depending on the type of herd and the diagnostic strategy implemented was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.</jats:p>
          </jats:sec>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Results</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Overall, dairy herds showed higher β (median 4.7) than beef or bullfighting herds (2.3 and 2.2 respectively). Introduction of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as an ancillary test produced an apparent increase in the β coefficient regardless of production type, likely due to an increase in diagnostic sensitivity. Time to recover OTF status was also significantly lower in dairy herds, and length of bTB episodes was significantly reduced when the IFN-γ was implemented to manage the outbreak.</jats:p>
          </jats:sec>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Our results suggest that bTB spreads more rapidly in dairy herds compared to other herd types, a likely cause being management and demographic-related factors. However, outbreaks in dairy herds can be controlled more rapidly than in typically extensive herd types. Finally, IFN-γ proved its usefulness to rapidly eradicate bTB at a herd-level.</jats:p>
          </jats:sec>","BMC Vet Res","list(given = c(""Julio"", ""Andres M"", ""Javier"", ""Carmen"", ""Beatriz"", ""Sabrina"", ""Jose L"", ""Rosa"", ""Jesus"", ""Lucia"", ""Lucas""), family = c(""Alvarez"", ""Perez"", ""Bezos"", ""Casal"", ""Romero"", ""Rodriguez-Campos"", ""Saez-Llorente"", ""Diaz"", ""Carpintero"", ""de Juan"", ""Domínguez""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1746-6148-8-100.pdf"", content.type = ""application/pdf"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""402_CR1"", ""402_CR2"", ""402_CR3"", ""402_CR4"", ""402_CR5"", ""402_CR6"", ""402_CR7"", ""402_CR8"", ""402_CR9"", ""402_CR10"", ""402_CR11"", ""402_CR12"", ""402_CR13"", ""402_CR14"", ""402_CR15"", ""402_CR16"", ""402_CR17"", ""402_CR18"", ""402_CR19"", ""402_CR20"", ""402_CR21"", ""402_CR22"", ""402_CR23"", ""402_CR24""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(""369"", ""5"", ""371"", ""119"", ""205"", ""50"", ""224"", ""92"", ""57"", ""361"", ""181"", NA, ""53"", ""81"", ""188"", ""163"", ""39"", NA, ""171"", ""183"", ""190"", NA, NA, NA), DOI = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.041"", ""10.1054/tube.2000.0261"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.08.029"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.042"", NA, ""10.1051/vetres/2009033"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.03.009"", ""10.1016/S1090-0233(00)90482-9"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(97)00002-0"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(02)00043-0"", 
""10.1016/S0167-5877(98)00061-0"", NA, ""10.1098/rsbl.2004.0249"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.01.003"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.08.011"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.03.001"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.01.012"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.029"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(95)00538-2"", ""10.1016/j.rvsc.2005.11.005"", NA, NA, NA), volume = c(""112"", ""81"", ""140"", ""112"", ""57"", ""40"", ""95"", ""160"", ""32"", ""54"", ""35"", NA, ""1"", ""85"", ""92"", ""63"", ""69"", NA, ""112"", ""25"", ""81"", NA, NA, NA), author = c(""JD Collins"", ""DV Cousins"", 
""AL Michel"", ""D Reynolds"", ""I Schiller"", ""MF Humblet"", ""AM Ramirez-Villaescusa"", ""FD Menzies"", ""ND Barlow"", ""AM Perez"", ""H Wahlstrom"", NA, ""WT Johnston"", ""FJ Olea-Popelka"", ""AM Ramirez-Villaescusa"", ""FJ Olea-Popelka"", ""MA van Asseldonk"", ""J Alvarez"", ""E Gormley"", ""MCM de Jong"", ""R de la Rua-Domenech"", ""IR Dohoo"", ""R development core team"", NA), year = c(""2006"", ""2001"", ""2010"", ""2006"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2000"", ""1997"", ""2002"", ""1998"", NA, ""2005"", ""2008"", ""2009"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2011"", ""2006"", 
""1995"", ""2006"", ""2003"", ""2011"", NA), unstructured = c(""Collins JD: Tuberculosis in cattle: Strategic planning for the future. Vet Microbiol. 2006, 112: 369-381. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.041."", ""Cousins DV, Roberts JL: Australia's campaign to eradicate bovine tuberculosis: the battle for freedom and beyond. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2001, 81: 5-15. 10.1054/tube.2000.0261."", ""Michel AL, Muller B, van Helden PD: Mycobacterium bovis at the animal-human interface: A problem, or not?. Vet Microbiol. 2010, 140: 371-381. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.08.029."", 
""Reynolds D: A review of tuberculosis science and policy in Great Britain. Vet Microbiol. 2006, 112: 119-126. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.042."", ""Schiller I, Oesch B, Vordermeier HM, Palmer MV, Harris BN, Orloski KA, Buddle BM, Thacker TC, Lyashchenko KP, Waters WR: Bovine tuberculosis: a review of current and emerging diagnostic techniques in view of their relevance for disease control and eradication. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2010, 57: 205-220."", ""Humblet MF, Boschiroli ML, Saegerman C: Classification of worldwide bovine tuberculosis risk factors in cattle: a stratified approach. Vet Res. 2009, 40: 50-10.1051/vetres/2009033."", 
""Ramirez-Villaescusa AM, Medley GF, Mason S, Green LE: Risk factors for herd breakdown with bovine tuberculosis in 148 cattle herds in the south west of England. Prev Vet Med. 2010, 95: 224-230. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.03.009."", ""Menzies FD, Neill SD: Cattle-to-cattle transmission of bovine tuberculosis. Vet J. 2000, 160: 92-106."", ""Barlow ND, Kean JM, Hickling G, Livingstone PG, Robson AB: A simulation model for the spread of bovine tuberculosis within New Zealand cattle herds. Prev Vet Med. 1997, 32: 57-75. 10.1016/S0167-5877(97)00002-0."", 
""Perez AM, Ward MP, Charmandarian A, Ritacco V: Simulation model of within-herd transmission of bovine tuberculosis in Argentine dairy herds. Prev Vet Med. 2002, 54: 361-372. 10.1016/S0167-5877(02)00043-0."", ""Wahlstrom H, Englund L, Carpenter T, Emanuelson U, Engvall A, Vagsholm I: A Reed-Frost model of the spread of tuberculosis within seven Swedish extensive farmed fallow deer herds. Prev Vet Med. 1998, 35: 181-193. 10.1016/S0167-5877(98)00061-0."", ""Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino: Programa nacional de erradicación de tuberculosis bovina presentado por España para el año. 2011, [http://www.rasvemapaes/Publica/Programas/NORMATIVA%20Y%20PROGRAMAS/PROGRAMAS/2011/TUBERCULOSIS%20BOVINA/PROGRAMA%20TB%202011PDF2010]."", 
""Johnston WT, Gettinby G, Cox DR, Donnelly CA, Bourne J, Clifton-Hadley R, Le Fevre AM, McInerney JP, Mitchell A, Morrison WI, Woodroffe R: Herd-level risk factors associated with tuberculosis breakdowns among cattle herds in England before the 2001 foot-and-mouth disease epidemic. Biol Lett. 2005, 1: 53-56. 10.1098/rsbl.2004.0249."", ""Olea-Popelka FJ, Costello E, White P, McGrath G, Collins JD, O'Keeffe J, Kelton DF, Berke O, More S, Martin SW: Risk factors for disclosure of additional tuberculous cattle in attested-clear herds that had one animal with a confirmed lesion of tuberculosis at slaughter during 2003 in Ireland. Prev Vet Med. 2008, 85: 81-91. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.01.003."", 
""Ramirez-Villaescusa AM, Medley GF, Mason S, Green LE: Herd and individual animal risks associated with bovine tuberculosis skin test positivity in cattle in herds in south west England. Prev Vet Med. 2009, 92: 188-198. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.08.011."", ""Olea-Popelka FJ, White PW, Collins JD, O'Keeffe J, Kelton DF, Martin SW: Breakdown severity during a bovine tuberculosis episode as a predictor of future herd breakdowns in Ireland. Prev Vet Med. 2004, 63: 163-172. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.03.001."", 
""van Asseldonk MA, van Roermund HJ, Fischer EA, de Jong MC, Huirne RB: Stochastic efficiency analysis of bovine tuberculosis-surveillance programs in the Netherlands. Prev Vet Med. 2005, 69: 39-52. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.01.012."", ""Alvarez J, Perez A, Bezos J, Marques S, Grau A, Saez JL, Minguez O, De JL, Dominguez L: Evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of bovine tuberculosis diagnostic tests in naturally infected cattle herds using a Bayesian approach. Vet Microbiol. 2011, 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.07.034."", 
""Gormley E, Doyle MB, Fitzsimons T, McGill K, Collins JD: Diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle by use of the gamma-interferon (Bovigam) assay. Vet Microbiol. 2006, 112: 171-179. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.029."", ""de Jong MCM: Mathematical modelling in veterinary epidemiology: why model building is important. Prev Vet Med. 1995, 25: 183-193. 10.1016/0167-5877(95)00538-2."", ""de la Rua-Domenech R, Goodchild AT, Vordermeier HM, Hewinson RG, Christiansen KH, Clifton-Hadley RS: Ante mortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle: a review of the tuberculin tests, gamma-interferon assay and other ancillary diagnostic techniques. Res Vet Sci. 2006, 81: 190-210. 10.1016/j.rvsc.2005.11.005."", 
""Dohoo IR, Martin W, Stryhn H: Veterinary Epidemiologic Research. Charlottetown: AVC Inc: 2003"", ""R development core team: R: a language and environment for statistical computing. 2011, Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, [http://www.R-project.org/]."", ""Therneau T, original Splus - > R port by Lumley T: Survival: survival analysis, including penalised likelihood. R package version 2 36–5. 2011, 2011 [http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=survival].""), journal.title = c(""Vet Microbiol"", 
""Tuberculosis (Edinb)"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Transbound Emerg Dis"", ""Vet Res"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Vet J"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Prev Vet Med"", NA, ""Biol Lett"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Prev Vet Med"", NA, ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Res Vet Sci"", NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Vet Microbiol"", NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary Epidemiologic Research"", ""R: a language and environment for statistical computing"", 
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""Effects of different tuberculin skin-testing regimens on gamma interferon and antibody responses in cattle experimentally infected with Mycobacterium bovis"", ""Assessment of defined antigens for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in skin test-reactor cattle"", ""Specific delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to ESAT-6 identify tuberculosis-infected cattle"", ""Optimization of a whole blood interferon-gamma assay for detection of Mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle"", ""Assessment of OmpATb as a novel antigen for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis"", 
""Comparison of tuberculin activity in the interferon-gamma assay for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis"", ""Screening of highly expressed mycobacterial genes identifies Rv3615c as a useful differential diagnostic antigen for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex"", ""Use of synthetic peptides derived from the antigens ESAT-6 and CFP-10 for differential diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle"", ""Synthetic peptide vaccination in cattle: induction of strong cellular immune responses against peptides derived from the Mycobacterium bovis antigen Rv3019c"", 
""The Bovigam® assay as ancillary test to the tuberculin skin test"", ""The scientific case for the gamma-interferon Bovigam assay"", ""Advances in immunological diagnosis: antigen mining to define M. bovis antigens for the differential diagnosis of vaccinated and infected animals"", ""Use of recombinant ESAT-6:CFP-10 fusion protein for differentiation of infections of cattle by Mycobacterium bovis and by M. avium subsp. avium and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis"", ""Modulation of the bovine delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to defined mycobacterial antigens by a synthetic bacterial lipopeptide"", 
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    ""Anon., 2009c. Trends and sources of zoonoses and zoonotic agents in humans, foodstuffs, animals and feedingstuffs in 2007, report from Switzerland. EFSA, 64–66."", ""Anon., 2009d. Analysis of bovine tuberculosis surveillance in accredited free states. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, January 30, 7–23."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Good, M., Clegg, T.A., Murphy, F., More, S.J., 2008. The comparative performance of the single intradermal comparative tuberculin test in Irish cattle, using tuberculin PPD combinations from different manufacturers. UCD Dublin Biennial Report 2006–07, In: More, S.J., Collins, D.M. (Eds.), ISBN: 978-1-905254r-r31-6."", 
    NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0378113511001209",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2011-07-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Schiller","2011","Schiller et al., 2011"
"Irish Veterinary Journal","2023-07-25","2023-12-27",NA,"10.1186/s13620-023-00241-0","2025-05-05","2046-0481","S1","2023-07-25","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","39","39","6","Bovine tuberculosis in Spain, is it really the final countdown?","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-023-00241-0","76","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a severe zoonotic disease that has major impacts on both health and the economy, and which has been subjected to specific eradication programmes in many countries for decades. This manuscript highlights the relevance of this disease in the context of the European Union (EU) and summarizes the epidemiological situation and the main tools (e.g. antemortem diagnostic tests, slaughterhouse surveillance, laboratories, comprehensive databases, etc.) used to control and eradicate bTB in the various EU countries with a focus on the situation in Spain. A comprehensive description of the specific bTB epidemiological situation in Spain is provided, together with an assessment of the evolution of different epidemiological indicators throughout the last decades. Moreover, the main features of the Spanish bTB eradication programme and its control tools are described, along with the studies carried out in Spain that have allowed the updating of and improvement to the programme over the years with the aim of eradication, which has been established for 2030.</jats:p>","Ir Vet J","list(given = c(""Javier"", ""José Luis"", ""Julio"", ""Beatriz"", ""Alberto"", ""Lucas"", ""Lucía""), family = c(""Bezos"", ""Sáez-Llorente"", ""Álvarez"", ""Romero"", ""Díez-Guerrier"", ""Domínguez"", ""de Juan""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13620-023-00241-0.pdf"", ""https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13620-023-00241-0/fulltext.html"", ""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13620-023-00241-0.pdf""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""text/html"", ""application/pdf""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""241_CR1"", ""241_CR2"", ""241_CR3"", ""241_CR4"", ""241_CR5"", ""241_CR6"", ""241_CR7"", ""241_CR8"", ""241_CR9"", ""241_CR10"", ""241_CR11"", ""241_CR12"", ""241_CR13"", ""241_CR14"", ""241_CR15"", ""241_CR16"", ""241_CR17"", ""241_CR18"", ""241_CR19"", ""241_CR20"", ""241_CR21"", ""241_CR22"", ""241_CR23"", ""241_CR24"", ""241_CR25"", ""241_CR26"", ""241_CR27"", ""241_CR28"", ""241_CR29"", ""241_CR30"", ""241_CR31"", ""241_CR32"", ""241_CR33"", ""241_CR34"", ""241_CR35"", ""241_CR36"", ""241_CR37"", ""241_CR38"", ""241_CR39""), volume.title = c(""Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and World Organisation for Animal Health. Roadmap for zoonotic tuberculosis"", 
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""G Ciaravino"", ""P Pozo"", ""P Pozo"", ""P Pozo"", ""ML de la Cruz"", ""European Food Safety Agency (EFSA)"", ""S Middleton"", ""ML de la Cruz"", ""S Napp"", ""R Dobbelaer"", ""JA Infantes-Lorenzo"", ""J Bezos"", ""C Casal"", ""J Ortega"", ""J Ortega"", ""A Roy"", ""M Good"", ""J Haagsma""), year = c(""2017"", ""2014"", ""2021"", ""2022"", NA, ""2021"", ""2022"", ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2013"", ""2016"", ""2013"", ""2020"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2022"", ""2008"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2018"", ""2014"", ""2021"", ""2019"", ""2020"", ""2021"", ""2018"", ""2012"", ""2021"", ""2019"", ""2019"", 
""1983"", ""2017"", ""2014"", ""2015"", ""2021"", ""2022"", ""2019"", ""2011"", ""1986""), unstructured = c(""World Health Organization. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and World Organisation for Animal Health. Roadmap for zoonotic tuberculosis. Geneva: WHO Press; 2017."", ""Pérez-Lago L, Navarro Y, García-de-Viedma D. Current knowledge and pending challenges in zoonosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis: a review. Res Vet Sci. 2014;97(Suppl):94–S100."", ""Kock R, Michel AL, Yeboah-Manu D, Azhar EI, Torrelles JB, Cadmus SI, Brunton L, Chakaya JM, Marais B, Mboera L, Rahim Z, Haider N, Zumla A. Zoonotic tuberculosis - the changing Landscape. Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Dec; 113(Suppl 1Suppl 1):68–S72."", 
""European Food Safety Agency (EFSA). The European Union one health 2021 zoonoses report. EFSA J. 2022;20(12):7666."", ""Programa Nacional de Erradicación de Tuberculosis Bovina., 2022. Dirección General de Sanidad de la prucción Agraria. Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación. https://www.mapa.gob.es/va/ganaderia/temas/sanidad-animal-higiene-ganadera/programatb2022_tcm39-583922.pdf."", ""Reis AC, Ramos B, Pereira AC, Cunha MV. The hard numbers of tuberculosis epidemiology in wildlife: a meta-regression and systematic review. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2021;68(6):3257–76."", 
""Santos N, Colino EF, Arnal MC, de Luco DF, Sevilla I, Garrido JM, Fonseca E, Valente AM, Balseiro A, Queirós J, Almeida V, Vicente J, Gortázar C, Alves PC. Complementary roles of wild boar and red deer to animal tuberculosis maintenance in multi-host communities. Epidemics. 2022;21(41):100633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2022.100633. (Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36174428)."", ""Cano-Terriza D, Risalde MA, Rodríguez-Hernández P, Napp S, Fernández-Morente M, Moreno I, Bezos J, Fernández-Molera V, Sáez JL. García-Bocanegra I. Epidemiological surveillance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex inextensively raised pigs in the south of Spain. Prev Vet Med. 2018;159:87–91."", 
""Gortázar C, Fernández-Calle LM, Collazos-Martínez JA, Mínguez-González O, Acevedo P. Animal tuberculosis maintenance at low abundance of suitable wildlife reservoir hosts: a case study in northern Spain. Prev Vet Med. 2017;Oct1146:150–7."", ""Muñoz-Mendoza M, Marreros N, Boadella M, Gortázar C, Menéndez S, de Juan L, Bezos J, Romero B, Copano MF, Amado J, Sáez JL, Mourelo J, Balseiro A. Wild boar tuberculosis in Iberian Atlantic Spain: a different picture from mediterranean habitats. BMC Vet Res. 2013;8(9):176."", 
""Muñoz-Mendoza M, Romero B, Del Cerro A, Gortázar C, García-Marín JF, Menéndez S, Mourelo J, de Juan L, Sáez JL, Delahay RJ, Balseiro A. Sheep as a potential source of bovine TB: epidemiology, pathology and evaluation of diagnostic techniques. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2016;63(6):635–46."", ""Napp S, Allepuz A, Mercader I, Nofrarías M, López-Soria S, Domingo M, Romero B, Bezos J, Pérez de val B. Evidence of goats acting as domestic reservoirs of bovine tuberculosis. Vet Rec. 2013;22(25):663."", 
""Martínez-Guijosa J, Romero B, Infantes-Lorenzo JA, Díez E, Boadella M, Balseiro A, Veiga M, Navarro D, Moreno I, Ferreres J, Domínguez M, Fernández C, Domínguez L, Gortázar C. Environmental DNA: a promising factor for tuberculosis risk assessment in multi-host settings. PLoS One. 2020;15(5):e0233837."", ""Good M, Duignan A. Perspectives on the history of bovine TB and the role ofTuberculin in bovine TB eradication. Vet Med Int. 2011;17(2011):410470."", ""Smith NH, Upton P. Naming spoligotype patterns for the RD9-deleted lineage of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex; www. Mbovis.org. Infect Genet Evol. 2012;12(4):873–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2011.08.002."", 
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""Rodriguez-Campos S, González S, de Juan L, Romero B, Bezos J, Casal C, Álvarez J, Fernández-de-Mera IG, Castellanos E, Mateos A, Sáez-Llorente JL, Domínguez L, Aranaz A. Spanish network on surveillance monitoring of animal tuberculosis. a database for animal tuberculosis (mycoDB.es) within the contextof the spanish national programme for eradication of bovine tuberculosis. Infect Genet Evol. 2012;12(4):877–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2011.10.008. (Epub 2011Oct 19. PMID: 22027158)."", 
""Alvarez J, Perez AM, Bezos J, Casal C, Romero B, Rodriguez-Campos S, Saez-Llorente JL, Diaz R, Carpintero J, de Juan L, Domínguez L. Eradication of bovinetuberculosis at a herd-level in Madrid, Spain: study of within-herd transmission dynamics over a 12 year period. BMC Vet Res. 2012;29(8):100."", ""Ciaravino G, García-Saenz A, Cabras S, Allepuz A, Casal J, De García-BocanegraI A, Gubbins S, Sáez JL, Cano-Terriza D, Napp S. Assessing thevariability in transmission of bovine tuberculosis within Spanish cattle herds. Epidemics. 2018;23:110–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2018.01.003. Epub 2018 Jan 31 PMID: 29415865."", 
""Guta S, Casal J, Napp S, Saez JL, Garcia-Saenz A, Perez de Val B, Romero B, Alvarez J, Allepuz A. Epidemiological investigation of bovine tuberculosis herd breakdowns in Spain 2009/2011. PLoS ONE. 2014;15(8):e104383."", ""Ciaravino G, Laranjo-González M, Casal J, Sáez-Llorente JL, Allepuz A. Most likely causes of infection and risk factors for tuberculosis in spanish cattle herds. Vet Rec. 2021;189(2):e140."", ""Pozo P, VanderWaal K, Grau A, de la Cruz ML, Nacar J, Bezos J, Perez A, Minguez O, Alvarez J. Analysis of the cattle movement network and itsassociation with the risk of bovine tuberculosis at the farm level in Castilla yLeon. Spain Transbound Emerg Dis. 2019;66(1):327–40."", 
""Pozo P, Romero B, Bezos J, Grau A, Nacar J, Saez JL, Minguez O, Alvarez J. Evaluation of risk factors associated with herds with an increased duration of bovine tuberculosis breakdowns in Castilla y Leon, Spain (2010–2017). Front VetSci. 2020;25(7):545328."", ""Pozo P, Cardenas NC, Bezos J, Romero B, Grau A, Nacar J, Saez JL, Minguez O, Alvarez J. Evaluation of the performance of slaughterhouse surveillance for bovine tuberculosis detection in Castilla y Leon, Spain. Prev Vet Med. 2021Apr;189:105307."", 
""de la Cruz ML, Branscum AJ, Nacar J, Pages E, Pozo P, Perez A, Grau A, Saez JL, de Juan L, Diaz R, Minguez O, Alvarez J. Evaluation of the performance of the IDvet IFN-Gamma test for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in Spain. Front Vet Sci. 2018 Sep; 27:5:229."", ""European Food Safety Agency (EFSA). Scientific opinion on the use of a gamma interferon test for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. EFSA J. 2012;10(12):2975."", ""Middleton S, Steinbach S, Coad M, McGill K, Brady C, Duignan A, Wiseman J, Gormley E, Jones GJ, Vordermeier HM. A molecularly defined skin test reagent for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis compatible with vaccination against Johne’s disease. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):2929."", 
""de la Cruz ML, Pozo P, Grau A, Nacar J, Bezos J, Perez A, Dominguez L, Saez JL, Minguez O, de Juan L, Alvarez J. Assessment of the sensitivity of the bovine tuberculosis eradication program in a high prevalence region of Spain using scenario tree modeling. Prev Vet Med. 2019;1(173):104800."", ""Napp S, Ciaravino G, Pérez de Val B, Casal J, Saéz JL, Alba A. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the surveillance system for tuberculosis in cattle in Spain. Prev Vet Med. 2019;1(173):104805."", ""Dobbelaer R, O’Reilly LM, Génicot A, Haagsma J. The potency of bovine PPDtuberculins in guinea-pigs and in tuberculous cattle. J Biol Stand. 1983;11(3):213–20."", 
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""Ortega J, Roy A, Díaz-Castillo A, de Juan L, Romero B, Sáez-Llorente JL, Domínguez L, Regal P, Infantes-Lorenzo JA, Álvarez J, Bezos J. Effect of the topical administration of corticosteroids and tuberculin pre-sensitisation onthe diagnosis of tuberculosis in goats. BMC Vet Res. 2022;18(1):58."", ""Roy A, Díez-Guerrier A, Ortega J, de la Cruz ML, Sáez JL, Domínguez L, deJuan L, Álvarez J, Bezos J. Evaluation of the McLintock syringe as a cause ofnon-specific reactions in the intradermal tuberculin test used for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. Res Vet Sci. 2019;122:175–8 (Epub 2018 Nov 29 PMID: 30529272)."", 
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""10.14202/vetworld.2020.2150-2155"", NA, ""10.11606/issn.2318-3659.v51i1p42-48"", NA, NA, ""10.3390/ijerph9062045"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(95)00548-X"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.02.017"", NA, ""10.1186/2049-3258-72-39"", ""10.1214/aoms/1177729756"", ""10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557"", ""10.1002/sim.1186"", ""10.1002/jrsm.1230"", NA, ""10.1111/j.1467-985X.2008.00552.x"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105054"", ""10.1136/vr.163.12.357"", ""10.1177/1040638711417141"", ""10.21897/rmvz.32"", NA, NA, NA, ""10.1590/S0100-736X2013000100004"", 
NA, ""10.1007/s11250-015-0844-1"", ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.2004.00735.x"", NA, ""10.1016/j.ijmyco.2016.09.016"", NA, ""10.5897/JVMAH2017.0567"", NA, ""10.1099/13500872-141-9-2131"", ""10.1590/S1517-83822014000200046"", NA, ""10.1128/JCM.38.7.2602-2610.2000"", ""10.20506/rst.26.3.1778"", ""10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126945"", NA, ""10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.554"", ""10.1111/j.1469-0691.1999.tb00418.x"", NA, ""10.1503/cmaj.071035"", NA, NA, ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.1998.tb00818.x"", ""10.1155/2017/6094587"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-365"", 
""10.1186/1756-0500-7-175"", NA, ""10.1089/fpd.2009.0442"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.07.017"", ""10.1054/tube.2000.0261"", NA, ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.06.019"", ""10.4314/ahs.v11i3.70032"", NA, ""10.1590/S1413-95962001000600007"", ""10.1111/jam.14734"", ""10.1089/fpd.2011.0963"", NA, NA, ""10.14202/vetworld.2016.862-868"", ""10.4038/tar.v30i1.8274"", NA, NA, ""10.1590/s1678-9946201860006"", NA, ""10.4314/bajopas.v10i1.15S"", NA, ""10.20506/rst.27.3.1850"", ""10.1007/s11250-010-9533-2"", ""10.1371/journal.pntd.0007618"", NA, NA, ""10.29261/pakvetj/2018.038"", 
""10.1017/S0022029920000205"", NA, NA, ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01265.x"", NA, ""10.5455/javar.2015.b44"", NA, NA, ""10.1186/s12917-019-2185-1"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.09.001"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-3-12"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0081337"", ""10.3389/fvets.2019.00061"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.03.003"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.12.019"", ""10.1073/pnas.052548299"", ""10.1590/0103-8478cr20160416"", ""10.14202/IJOH.2018.1-7"", ""10.14202/vetworld.2013.986-991"", 
""10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30038-0"", ""10.1111/tbed.12596"", NA, ""10.5897/AJMR11.1480"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""10.17221/5832-VETMED"", ""10.3923/ijds.2007.302.311"", NA, ""10.1016/j.ijmyco.2014.10.045"", NA, ""10.1007/s11250-009-9361-4"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01125.x"", ""10.56093/ijans.v89i1.86380"", ""10.1136/vr.101054"", ""10.4061/2011/495074"", ""10.1016/j.ijmyco.2016.04.007"", ""10.1371/journal.pntd.0002417"", ""10.1292/jvms.69.819"", ""10.3923/ajava.2014.506.512"", ""10.5897/AJMR2013.6325"", ""10.1016/j.ijmyco.2016.11.026"", 
""10.1023/A:1005075112393"", ""10.2217/fmb.14.139"", ""10.3390/pathogens8030101"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.12.019""), article.title = c(""Zoonotic tuberculosis – the changing landscape"", NA, ""Estimates of the global and continental burden of animal tuberculosis in key livestock species worldwide: a meta-analysis study"", ""Isolation and analysis of the molecular epidemiology and zoonotic significance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in domestic and wildlife ruminants from three states in India"", ""Prevalence of zoonotic tuberculosis and associated risk factors in Central Indian populations"", 
""Human Mycobacterium bovis infection in the United Kingdom: incidence, risks, control measures and review of the zoonotic aspects of bovine tuberculosis"", ""Panel on Biological Hazards. Scientific opinion on the public health risks related to the consumption of raw drinking milk"", ""An outbreak of tuberculosis affecting cattle and people on an Irish dairy farm, following the consumption of raw milk"", ""Mycobacterium bovis: the importance of milk and dairy products as a cause of human tuberculosis in the UK. A review of taxonomy and culture methods, with particular reference to artisanal cheeses"", 
""Biocharacterization and antibiotic sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from overt cases of human chest infection"", ""Comparison of C18-carboxypropylbetaine and glass bead DNA extraction methods for detection of Mycobacterium bovis in bovine milk samples and analysis of samples by PCR"", ""Use of touch-down polymerase chain reaction to enhance the sensitivity of Mycobacterium bovis detection"", ""A cross-sectional study on bovine tuberculosis in Hawassa town and its surroundings, Southern Ethiopia"", 
""Multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium complex species in Egyptian farm animals, veterinarians, and farm and abattoir workers"", ""Study on bovine tuberculosis in the Holeta dairy farm, Central Ethiopia"", ""Use of PCR for detection of bovine tuberculosis bacillus in milk of positive skin test cows"", ""Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex organisms in clinical samples of cattle by PCR and DNA probe methods"", ""Detection of bovine tuberculosis by tuberculin test and polymerase chain reaction in Van"", 
""Molecular detection and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from cattle at a dairy farm in the nkonkobe region of South Africa: a pilot study"", ""A case-control study on the association of selected risk factors with the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis in the Republic of Ireland"", ""Meta-analyses of the sensitivity and specificity of ante-mortem and post-mortem diagnostic tests for bovine tuberculosis in the UK and Ireland"", NA, ""Metaprop: a Stata command to perform meta-analysis of binomial data"", 
""Transformations related to the angular and the square root"", ""Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses"", ""Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis"", ""Basics of meta‐analysis: I2 is not an absolute measure of heterogeneity"", NA, ""A re‐evaluation of random‐effects meta‐analysis"", ""Tuberculosis in toukh-tanbisha, Menufia, Egypt"", ""Accuracy of PCR, mycobacterial culture and interferon-γ assays for detection of Mycobacterium bovis in blood and milk samples from Egyptian dairy cows using Bayesian modelling"", 
""Outbreak of bovine tuberculosis featuring energy to the skin test, udder lesions and milkborne disease in young calves"", ""Detection and identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis from clinical species using DNA microarrays"", ""First approach to molecular epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in Colombia"", ""Tubercular mastitis in cows in Iraq"", ""Prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine tuberculosis in cattle in Hyderabad and Tando Allahyar Districts, Sindh, Pakistan"", 
""A novel strategy for screening-out raw milk contaminated with Mycobacterium bovis on dairy farms by double-tagging PCR and electrochemical genosensing"", ""A multidisciplinary approach to diagnose naturally occurring bovine tuberculosis in Brazil"", ""Mastitis in smallholder dairy and pastoral cattle herds in the urban and peri-urban areas of the Dodoma municipality in Central Tanzania"", ""The use of PCR technique in the identification of Mycobacterium species responsible for bovine tuberculosis in cattle and buffaloes in Pakistan"", 
""Prevalence and determinants of mastitis and milk-borne zoonoses in smallholder dairy farming sector in Kibaha and Morogoro districts in eastern Tanzania"", ""Detection and differentiation between Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cattle milk and lymph nodes using multiplex real-time PCR"", ""Mycobacterial coinfection and persisting bovine tuberculosis—has the time arrived for a policy review?"", ""Reliability of PCR for detection of bovine tuberculosis in Pakistan"", ""Prevalence of bovine brucellosis, tuberculosis and dermatophilosis among cattle from Benin's main dairy basins"", 
""Occurrence of bovine tuberculosis in animals and humans in the Czech Republic in the years 1969 to 1996"", ""Species-specific identification of Mycobacterium bovis by PCR"", ""Occurrence of Mycobacterium bovis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in raw and pasteurized milk in the northwestern region of Paraná, Brazil"", ""Bovine tuberculosis"", ""A multiplex approach to molecular detection of Brucella abortus and/or Mycobacterium boris infection in cattle"", ""Bovine tuberculosis on small-scale dairy farms in Adama Town, central Ethiopia, and farmer awareness of the disease"", 
""High-performance detection of Mycobacterium bovis in milk using digital LAMP"", ""The pathology of tuberculosis lesions in allergic skin test (PPD tuberculin) positive cows and detection of tuberculosis agents with PCR in milk samples"", ""Detection of mycobacteria in raw milk and assesment of risk factors among fulani herdsmen in Bwari Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria"", ""Potential source of human exposure to Mycobacterium bovis in Burkina Faso, in the context of the HIV epidemic"", ""Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in milk samples by DNA amplification"", 
""Public health: raw milk and the protection of public health"", ""The eradication of bovine tuberculosis in Canada"", ""An epizootic of bovine tuberculosis in Barbados, West Indies"", ""Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in milk by polymerase chain reaction"", ""Molecular identification of Mycobacterium species of public health and veterinary importance from cattle in the south state of México"", ""Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complexes by real-time PCR in bovine milk from Brazilian dairy farms"", 
""Identification and survival studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within laboratory-fermented bovine milk"", ""Bacterial and PCR based diagnosis of naturally occurring bovine tuberculosis in cattle and buffaloes"", ""Microbiological quality of milk from small processing units in Senegal"", ""Testing the dairy difference"", ""Australia's campaign to eradicate bovine tuberculosis: the battle for freedom and beyond"", ""Exposure and shedding in milk of Mycobacterium bovis in dairy herds using one-step Anigen® rapid bovine"", 
""Bovine tuberculosis is more prevalent in cattle owned by farmers with active tuberculosis in central Ethiopia"", ""Isolation and molecular characterisation of mycobacterium bovis from raw milk in Tunisia"", ""Zoonotic Mycobacterium species in fresh cow milk and fresh skimmed, unpasteurised market milk (nono) in Makurdi, Nigeria: implications for public health"", ""Isolation of Mycobacterium spp. in milk from cows suspected or positive to tuberculosis"", ""Serological and molecular evidence of Mycobacterium bovisin dairy cattle and dairy farm workers under the intensive dairy production system in Egypt"", 
""Detection of Mycobacterium bovis-infected dairy herds using PCR in bulk tank milk samples"", ""Identification of Mycobacterium bovis in bovine clinical samples by PCR species-specific primers"", ""Comparative diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis by Polymerase chain reaction and Ziel-Neilson staining technique using Milk and nasal washing"", ""Evaluation of complementary diagnostic tools for bovine tuberculosis detection in dairy herds from India"", ""Screening milk for bovine tuberculosis in dairy farms in Central Province, Sri Lanka"", 
""Bacteriological diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in bovines positive reactors to the tuberculin test"", ""Phenotypic characterization and spoligotype profiles of Mycobacterium bovis isolated from unpasteurized cows' milk in Ibadan, Nigeria"", ""Nontuberculous mycobacteria in milk from positive cows in the intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin test: implications for human tuberculosis infections"", ""Molecular detection of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle herds of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil"", ""Detection of mycobacteria in raw cow milk sold in Bwari Area Council, Abuja FCT"", 
""Bovine tuberculosis: prevalence and risk factor assessment in cattle and cattle owners in Wuchale-Jida District, Central Ethiopia"", ""Status of bovine tuberculosis in Addis Ababa dairy farms"", ""Mycobacterium bovis, but also M. africanum present in raw milk of pastoral cattle in north-central Nigeria"", ""Risk practices for bovine tuberculosis transmission to cattle and livestock farming communities living at wildlife-livestock-human interface in northern kwazulu natal, South Africa"", ""A cross sectional study of Mycobacterium bovis in dairy cattle in and around Lahore city, Pakistan"", 
""Bovine tuberculosis (bTB)-isolation and species-specific identification of mycobacterium bovis from bovine raw milk in Pakistan"", ""Occurrence and risk factors associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis in milk samples from north east of Pakistan"", ""Detection of clinical bovine mastitis caused byMycoplasma bovisin Brazil"", ""High prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in dairy farms: evidence for possible gastrointestinal transmission"", ""Isolation of typical mycobacteria from milk of tuberculin test positive cows"", 
""Tuberculosis infection in animal and human populations in three districts of western gojam, Ethiopia"", ""Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis & M. tuberculosis from cattle of some farms in north India - possible relevance in human health"", ""Molecular detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from bovine milk samples"", ""Tuberculosis in apparently healthy milch cows"", ""Molecular detection of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle milk in Enugu State, Nigeria"", ""Reverse zoonotic tuberculosis transmission from an emerging Uganda I strain between pastoralists and cattle in South-Eastern Nigeria"", 
""Incidence of bovine and human tubercle bacilli in milk and milk products"", ""Development of a molecular diagnostic test applied to experimental abattoir surveillance on bovine tuberculosis"", ""Rapid detection of Mycobacterium bovis DNA in cattle lymph nodes with visible lesions using PCR"", ""Enhanced detection of tuberculous mycobacteria in animal tissues using a semi-nested probe-based real-time PCR"", ""Validation of a real-time PCR for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex members in bovine tissue samples"", 
""Difficulties in eradication of tuberculosis from the infected dairy herds in Taiwan"", ""Consumer perception of human tuberculosis and prevalence of tuberculosis agents in raw cow's milk in northern Côte d'Ivoire"", ""Development of TaqMan® real-time PCR assays for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis"", ""Development of a duplex real-time PCR assay for differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Mycobacterium bovis in dairy cow"", ""Applied PCR to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in milk"", 
""Development of a rapid and sensitive assay for the detection of Brucella abortus and Mycobacterium bovis in dairy cows by multiplex PCR"", ""Presence of Mycobacterium spp. in milk herds of Mexico state, Mexico. Technical note"", ""Establishment and application of a multiplex PCR assay for the detection of Brucella abortus and/or Mycobacterium bovis"", ""Detection of bovine tuberculosis in three dairy cow stations in Iraq"", ""Isolation and identification of mycobacterium bovis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria in raw milk samples in Mersin province"", 
""Development of a rapid and sensitive method of duplex PCR to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and Mycobacterium bovis in dairy cow"", ""Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in milk by bacteriological methods and polymerase chain reaction"", ""Application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of mycobacteria in milk"", ""Isolation of tubercular mycobacteria from the milk of sick cows"", ""Excretion of Mycobacterium bovis in cow's milk from tuberculous and tuberculosis-free herds in the Georgian SSR"", 
""New possibilities for laboratory diagnostics of tuberculosis in ruminants"", ""Bovine tuberculosis: evaluation of diagnostic techniques"", ""Mycobacteria isolated from different sources"", NA, ""In meta-analyses of proportion studies, funnel plots were found to be an inaccurate method of assessing publication bias"", NA, ""Occurrence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk at dairy cattle farms: a systematic review and meta-analysis"", ""A new evolutionary scenario for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex"", 
""Isolation and identification of Mycobacterium bovis in milk from cows in northeastern Brazil"", ""A cross-sectional study on prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in Indian and crossbred cattle in Gangetic delta region of West Bengal, India"", ""Prevalence of tuberculosis among southern Zambian cattle and isolation of Mycobacterium bovis in raw milk obtained from tuberculin positive cows"", ""Reconsidering Mycobacterium bovis as a proxy for zoonotic tuberculosis: a molecular epidemiological surveillance study"", 
""Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium orygis in dairy cattle and captured monkeys in Bangladesh: a new scenario of tuberculosis in South Asia"", ""Bovine and atypical mycobacterial infections of cattle and buffaloes in Port Said Province, Egypt"", ""Nested polymerase chain reaction as a molecular tool for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex recovered from milk samples"", ""Bovine tuberculosis: a cross sectional and epidemiological study in and around Addis Ababa"", NA, NA, ""Detection of bovine tuberculosis in milk and serum of tuberculin reactors dairy farm animals in Assiut City, Egypt"", 
""Preliminary study on public health implication of bovine tuberculosis in jimma town, South Western Ethiopia"", ""The last outbreak of bovine tuberculosis in cattle in the Czech Republic in 1995 was caused by Mycobacterium bovis subspecies caprae"", ""Preliminary study on chromosomal aberrations related to brucellosis in buffaloes and bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle"", ""Bovine tuberculosis in a dairy cattle farm as a threat to public health"", ""Comparative study between routine and molecular diagnosis of Mycobacterium species isolated from humans and bovines"", 
""Comparison of four different isolation and identification methods for Mycobacterium bovis from naturally infected cow milk with experimental infection of Guinea Pigs"", ""The prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis-infection and atypical mycobacterioses in cattle in and around Morogoro, Tanzania"", ""High frequency of Mycobacterium bovis DNA in colostra from tuberculous cattle detected by nested PCR"", ""Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle of lower and middle ranges of North-western Himalayas"", ""Mycobacterium bovis detection from milk of negative skin test cows"", 
""Mycobacteria in terrestrial small mammals on cattle farms in Tanzania"", ""Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in artisanal cheese in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil"", ""First-time detection of Mycobacterium bovis in livestock tissues and milk in the West Bank, Palestinian Territories"", ""Isolation of Mycobacterium spp. from milking buffaloes and cattle in Nepal"", ""Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex by culture and duplex Polymerase Chain reaction in bovines"", ""Epidemiology and public health significance of bovine tuberculosis in and around Sululta District, Central Ethiopia"", 
""Evaluation the virulence of Mycobacterium bovis isolated from milk samples through histopathological study in laboratory animals"", ""Isolation of Mycobacterium species from raw milk of pastoral cattle of the Southern Highlands of Tanzania"", ""Molecular diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in bovine and human samples: implications for zoonosis"", ""Risk factors for zoonotic tuberculosis at the wildlife-livestock-human interface in South Africa"", ""Occurrence of mycobacteria in bovine milk samples from both individual and collective bulk tanks at farms and informal markets in the southeast region of Sao Paulo, Brazil"", 
""Occurrence and molecular characterization of some zoonotic bacteria in bovine milk, milking equipments and humans in dairy farms, Sharkia, Egypt"", ""Occurrence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk at dairy cattle farms: A systematic review and meta-analysis""), author = c(""Kock"", ""HSPC"", ""Ramos"", ""Mukherjee"", ""Bapat"", ""De la Rua-Domenech"", NA, ""Doran"", ""Rowe"", ""Tariq"", ""Cornejo"", ""Zumarraga"", ""Regassa"", ""Abdelsadek"", ""Lambert"", ""Carvalho"", ""Sreedevi"", ""Solmaz"", ""Silaigwana"", ""Griffin"", 
""Nunez-Garcia"", ""Dohoo"", ""Nyaga"", ""Freeman"", ""Higgins"", ""Higgins"", ""Borenstein"", ""Borenstein"", ""Higgins"", ""El-Olemy"", ""Elsohaby"", ""Houlihan"", ""Jia"", ""Jojoa-Jojoa"", ""Kastandi"", ""Leghari"", ""Lermo"", ""Marassi"", ""Mdegela"", ""Akhtar"", ""Mdegela"", ""Mohamed"", ""Mosavari"", ""Mumtaz"", ""Noudèkè"", ""Pavlik"", ""Rodriguez"", ""Sgarioni"", ""Siddiqi"", ""Sreevatsan"", ""Ameni"", ""Tao"", ""Tuncay"", ""Usman"", ""Vekemans"", ""Vitale"", ""Weir"", ""Whitney"", ""Wilson"", ""Zanini"", ""Zaragoza Bastida"", ""Andrade Bezerra"", ""Mariam"", ""Aslam"", ""Breurec"", 
""Conlan"", ""Cousins"", ""Danbirni"", ""Regassa"", ""Ben Kahla"", ""Ofukwu"", ""Pardo"", ""Elsohaby"", ""Zumarraga"", ""Romero"", ""Senthil"", ""Thakur"", ""Jayasumana"", ""Garbaccio"", ""Cadmus"", ""Bolaños"", ""da Silva Cezar"", ""Usman"", ""Ameni"", ""Elias"", ""Cadmus"", ""Sichewo"", ""Tipu"", ""Ullah"", ""Basit"", ""Junqueira"", ""Xu"", ""Aswathanarayana"", ""Fetene"", ""Srivastava"", ""BhanuRekha"", ""Okolo"", ""Ogundeji"", ""Adesokan"", ""Guindi"", ""Parra"", ""Taylor"", ""Costa"", ""Lorente-Leal"", ""KuSong"", ""Gragnon"", ""Ru"", ""ZhiQin"", ""Lu"", ""ZhiXun"", ""Flores Popoca"", 
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"Veterinary Record","2021-05-31","2024-08-31","2022-04","10.1002/vetr.349","2025-05-13","0042-4900,2042-7670","7","2021-05-31","311",NA,"10.1002","Wiley","1","Crossref","37","37","2","Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus seroprevalence in Scottish finishing pigs between 2006 and 2018","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.349","190","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a major endemic pig disease worldwide and is associated with considerable economic costs.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>In Scotland, three abattoir surveys were conducted in 2006 (158 farms), 2012‒2013 (94 farms) and 2017‒2018 (97 farms) to estimate seroprevalence to PRRS virus (PRRSV) in commercial finishing pigs. These surveys covered around 79%, 59% and 66% of the Quality Meat Scotland assured farms slaughtering pigs in Scotland in 2006, 2012–13 and, 2017–18 respectively. In the 2006 survey, six pigs per farm were sampled and tested using the CIVTEST SUIS PRRS E/S test. In the 2012‒2013 and 2017‒2018 surveys, 10 pigs per farm were sampled and tested using the IDEXX PRRS X3 Ab test. A farm was considered positive if it had one or more seropositive samples.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of positive farms was 45.6% (95% CI: 38.0–53.4), 47.8% (95% CI: 38.1–57.9) and 45.4% (95% CI: 35.8–55.3) in the 2006, 2012‒2013 and 2017‒2018 surveys, respectively, and 70%–75.5% farms did not change their status between sampling periods.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of PRRSV exposure in Scottish pig herds was high and changed little from 2006 to 2018. These surveys have informed planning for a prospective PRRS control programme in Scotland.</jats:p></jats:sec>","Veterinary Record","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2909-4608"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), given = c(""Carla"", ""Andrew"", ""Allan"", ""Michael"", ""Lysan"", ""Grace"", ""Andy"", ""Jill""), family = c(""Correia‐Gomes"", ""Duncan"", ""Ward"", ""Pearce"", ""Eppink"", ""Webster"", ""McGowan"", ""Thomson""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Northern Faculty Scotland's Rural College (SRUC) Inverness Scotland"", 
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""HarrellFJr. Hmisc: Harrell Miscellaneous. R package version 4.3‐1.2020.https://cran.r-project.org/package=Hmisc. Accessed 6 January 2020."", NA, NA, ""EU. Regulation no1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on the establishment of a common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS).2018.https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02003R1059-20180118&from=EN. Accessed 12 February 2021."", NA, ""DuncanA HumphryRW. Within herd sample size calculator.2020.https://epidemiology.sruc.ac.uk/shiny/apps/onestagesamplesize/. Accessed 26 June 2020."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""OIE 2019"", NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Veterinary epidemiology ‐ from hypothesis to conclusion"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1002/vetr.349","2021-05-31","en","NULL","list(date = ""2021-05-31"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL","Portico",NA,"NULL",NA,"Correia‐Gomes","2021","Correia‐Gomes et al., 2021"
"BMC Veterinary Research","2012-09-24","2021-09-01","2012-12","10.1186/1746-6148-8-171","2024-07-17","1746-6148","1","2012-09-24","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","20","20","19","A survey of Mycoplasma agalactiaein dairy sheep farms in Spain","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-8-171","8","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Background</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Contagious Agalactia (CA) is one of the major animal health problems in small ruminants because of its economic significance. Currently, four <jats:italic>Mycoplasma</jats:italic> spp. have been associated with this syndrome: <jats:italic>M. agalactiae</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>M. mycoides</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>capri</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>M. capricolum</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>capricolum</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>M. putrefaciens</jats:italic>. Their presence has been evaluated in several studies conducted in CA-endemic countries. However, previous Spanish studies have been focused on caprine CA, and there is a knowledge gap regarding which <jats:italic>Mycoplasma</jats:italic> species are present in sheep flocks from Spain, which has the second highest number of sheep amongst the 27 European Union member states. Consequently, we investigated the presence and geographic distribution of the four CA-causing mycoplasmas in Spanish dairy sheep farms. This is the first time such an investigation has been performed.</jats:p>
          </jats:sec>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Results</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Three hundred thirty nine out of 922 sheep flocks were positive for <jats:italic>M. agalactiae</jats:italic> by real time PCR (36.8%) and 85 by microbiological identification (9.2%). Interestingly, all 597 milk samples assessed for the presence of <jats:italic>M. mycoides</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>capri</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>M. capricolum</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>capricolum</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>M</jats:italic>. <jats:italic>putrefaciens</jats:italic> tested negative. To evaluate the intermittent excretion of the pathogen in milk, we sampled 391 additional farms from 2 to 5 times, resulting that in 26.3% of the cases a previously positive farm tested negative in a later sampling.</jats:p>
          </jats:sec>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
            <jats:p>
              <jats:italic>M</jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae</jats:italic> was the only <jats:italic>Mycoplasma</jats:italic> species detected in the study area showing a high frequency of presence and wide distribution. Therefore, the establishment of a permanent surveillance network is advantageous, as well as the implementation of control and prevention measures to hinder the dissemination of <jats:italic>M. agalactiae</jats:italic> and to prevent the entrance of other <jats:italic>Mycoplasma</jats:italic> species.</jats:p>
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""S Woubit"", ""M Andrada"", ""P Assunçao"", ""J Amores"", ""C De la Fe"", ""MC Gil"", NA, ""J Amores""), year = c(""2000"", ""2005"", ""1987"", ""1997"", ""2007"", ""2002"", ""2011"", ""2006"", ""1994"", ""2008"", ""2009"", ""2003"", ""2007"", ""2000"", ""2004"", ""2011"", ""2007"", ""2003"", NA, ""2010""), unstructured = c(""Chazel M, Tardy F, Le Grand D, Calavas D, Poumarat F: Mycoplasmoses of ruminants in France: recent data from the national surveillance network. BMC Vet Res. 2000, 6: 32."", ""De la Fe C, Assunção P, Antunes T, Rosales RS, Poveda JB: Microbiological survey for Mycoplasma spp. in a contagious agalactia endemic area. Vet J. 2005, 170 (2): 257-259. 10.1016/j.tvjl.2004.05.002."", 
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""Latent infection of male goats with Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri at an artificial insemination centre"", ""Bulk tank milk analysis: factors associated with appearance Mycoplasma spp. in milk"", ""Mastitis caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides (large colony type) in goat flocks in Spain"", NA, ""Immunoprophylaxis of caprine contagious agalactia due to Mycoplasma agalactiae with an inactivated vaccine"", ""Phylogeny of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster based on analysis of five conserved protein-coding sequences and possible implications for the taxonomy of the group"", 
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""Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides biotype large colony isolates from healthy and diseased goats: prevalence and typing"", ""WIN EPISCOPE 2.0: improved epidemiological software for veterinary medicine"", ""A PCR for the detection of mycoplasmas belonging to the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster: application to the diagnosis of contagious agalactia""), volume = c(""16"", ""223"", ""6"", ""68"", ""75"", ""87"", NA, ""170"", ""25"", ""76"", ""186"", ""50"", ""46"", NA, ""137"", ""57"", ""73"", ""140"", ""vol. 5"", ""24"", ""51"", ""54"", ""121"", ""148"", 
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"BMC Veterinary Research","2010-06-25","2021-09-01","2010-12","10.1186/1746-6148-6-32","2025-04-07","1746-6148","1","2010-06-07","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","49","49","64","Mycoplasmoses of ruminants in France: recent data from the national surveillance network","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-6-32","6","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Background</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Ruminant mycoplasmoses are important diseases worldwide and several are listed by the World Organization for Animal Health to be of major economic significance. In France the distribution of mycoplasmal species isolated from clinical samples collected from diseased animals upon veterinary request, is monitored by a network known as VIGIMYC (for VIGIlance to MYCoplasmoses of ruminants). The veterinary diagnostic laboratories collaborating with VIGIMYC are responsible for isolating the mycoplasmas while identification of the isolates is centralized by the French Food Safety Agency (AFSSA) in Lyon. The VIGIMYC framework can also be used for specific surveys and one example, on the prevalence of <jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic> in bovine respiratory diseases, is presented here.</jats:p>
          </jats:sec>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Results</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Between 2003 and 2008, 34 laboratories were involved in the network and 1904 mycoplasma isolates, originating from the main ruminant-breeding areas, were identified. For cattle, the high prevalence of <jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic> in bronchopneumonia, notably in young animals, was confirmed by VIGIMYC and an associated specific survey, whereas the non-emergence of species such as <jats:italic>M. alkalescens</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>M. canis</jats:italic> was also demonstrated. The etiological agent of bovine contagious pleuropneumonia was never isolated. The principal mycoplasmosis in goats was contagious agalactia with <jats:italic>M. mycoides</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>capri</jats:italic> as main agent. Ovine mycoplasmoses, most of which were associated with pneumonia in lambs, were infrequently reported. One exception was ovine contagious agalactia (due to <jats:italic>M. agalactiae</jats:italic>) that has recently re-emerged in the Pyrénées where it had been endemic for years and was also reported in Corsica, which was previously considered free.</jats:p>
          </jats:sec>
          <jats:sec>
            <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
            <jats:p>Although VIGIMYC is a passive network and somewhat biased as regards sample collection and processing, it has provided, in this study, an overview of the main mycoplasmoses of ruminants in France. The French epidemiological situation is compared to those existing elsewhere in the world.</jats:p>
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""Evidence for the natural transmission of influenza A virus from wild ducts to swine and its potential importance for man"", ""Genetic reassortment between avian and human influenza A viruses in Italian pigs"", ""Antigenic drift in swine influenza H3 haemagglutinins with implications for vaccination policy"", ""Epizootics of respiratory tract disease in swine in Belgium due to H3N2 influenza virus and experimental reproduction of disease"", ""Multiple genetic reassortment of avian and human influenza A viruses in European pigs, resulting in the emergence of an H1N2 virus of novel genotype"", 
""Antigenic and genetic diversity among swine influenza A H1N1 and H1N2 viruses in Europe"", ""Ongoing evolution of swine influenza viruses: a novel reassortant"", ""Virological Surveillance and Preliminary Antigenic Characterization of Influenza Viruses in Pigs in Five European Countries from 2006 to 2008"", ""Influenza A virus infection dynamics in swine farms in Belgium, France, Italy and Spain, 2006-2008"", ""Seroprevalence of H1N1, H3N2 and H1N2 influenza viruses in pigs in seven European countries in 2002–2003"", 
""Novel reassortant of swine influenza H1N2 virus in Germany"", ""Swine influenza A (H1N1) infection in two children-Southern California, March-April 2009"", ""Antigenic and genetic characteristics of swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza viruses circulating in humans"", ""Emergence and pandemic potential of swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus"", ""Origins and evolutionary genomics of the 2009 swine-origin H1N1 influenza A epidemic"", ""An investigation into human pandemic influenza virus (H1N1) 2009 on an Alberta swine farm"", 
""Replication, pathogenesis and transmission of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in non-immune pigs"", ""Pathogenesis and transmission of the novel swine-origin influenza virus A/H1N1 after experimental infection of pigs"", ""Pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v: human to pig transmission in Norway?"", ""Global transmission of influenza viruses from humans to swine"", ""Initial incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus into European pigs"", ""Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus in Pigs, Reunion Island"", ""[Epidemiosurveillance of swine influenza in France from 2005 to 2012: programs, viruses and associated epidemiological data]"", 
""Expanded cocirculation of stable subtypes, emerging lineages, and new sporadic reassortants of porcine influenza viruses in swine populations in Northwest Germany"", ""Reassortants of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus and establishment of a novel porcine H1N2 influenza virus, lineage in Germany"", ""Current risks and developments with Influenza in UK swine populations"", NA, NA, ""Comparison of the usefulness of the CACO-2 cell line with standard substrates for isolation of swine influenza A viruses"", ""[Isolation of a swine influenza virus of H3N2 subtype in a pig herd located in North department]"", 
""[Confirmation of circulation of the pandemic A/H1N1 (2009) virus in pigs in metropolitan France]"", ""Emergence and characterisation of pandemic H1N1 influenza viruses in Hungarian swine herds"", ""First Pandemic H1N1 Outbreak from a Pig Farm in Italy"", ""[Emergence of the pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza A virus in swine herds in Poland]"", ""The first detection of influenza in the Finnish pig population: a retrospective study"", ""Swine influenza A vaccines, pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus, and cross-reactivity"", 
""Serologic cross-reactivity with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in pigs, Europe"", ""Efficacy of a pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus vaccine in pigs against the pandemic influenza virus is superior to commercially available swine influenza vaccines"", ""Clinical Impact of Infection with Pandemic Influenza (H1N1) 2009 Virus in Naive Nucleus and Multiplier Pig Herds in Norway"", ""Real time reverse transcription (RRT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for detection of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus and European swine influenza A virus infections in pigs"", 
""New real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions facilitate detection and differentiation of novel A/H1N1 influenza virus in porcine and human samples"", ""Validation of commercial real-time RT-PCR kits for detection of influenza A viruses in porcine samples and differentiation of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in pigs"", ""Reassortants of pandemic influenza A virus H1N1/2009 and endemic porcine HxN2 viruses emerge in swine populations in Germany"", NA, ""Genome sequence of a monoreassortant H1N1 swine influenza virus isolated from a pig in Hungary"", 
""Reassorted pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus discovered from pigs in Germany"", ""Novel H1N2 swine influenza reassortant strain in pigs derived from the pandemic H1N1/2009 virus"", ""Full-Genome Sequence of a Reassortant H1N1 Swine Influenza Virus Isolated from Pigs in Italy"", ""Reassortant Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in pigs, United Kingdom"", ""Genetic and biological characterisation of an avian-like H1N2 swine influenza virus generated by reassortment of circulating avian-like H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes in Denmark"", 
""Multiple reassortment between pandemic (H1N1) 2009 and endemic influenza viruses in pigs, United States"", ""Genotype patterns of contemporary reassorted H3N2 virus in US swine"", ""Genomic reassortment of influenza A virus in North American swine, 1998–2011"", ""Emergence of novel reassortant H3N2 swine influenza viruses with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 genes in the United States"", ""Human infections with influenza A(H3N2) variant virus in the United States, 2011–2012"", ""Expansion of Genotypic Diversity and Establishment of 2009 H1N1 Pandemic-Origin Internal Genes in Pigs in China"", 
""Long-term evolution and transmission dynamics of swine influenza A virus"", ""Rapid detection of reassortment of pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza virus"", ""Multiplex RT-PCR assay for differentiating European swine influenza virus subtypes H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2"", ""Saving resources: avian influenza surveillance using pooled swab samples and reduced reaction volumes in real-time RT-PCR"", ""Universal primer set for amplification and sequencing of HA0 cleavage sites of all influenza A viruses"", ""Design and validation of a microarray for detection, hemagglutinin subtyping, and pathotyping of avian influenza viruses"", 
""Detection of influenza A viruses from different species by PCR amplification of conserved sequences in the matrix gene"", NA, ""Development of a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assay for type A influenza virus and the avian H5 and H7 hemagglutinin subtypes"", ""Development of a primer-probe energy transfer based real-time PCR for the detection of Swine influenza virus"", ""Universal primer set for the full-length amplification of all influenza A viruses"", ""Rapid pathotyping of recent H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses and of H5 viruses with low pathogenicity by RT-PCR and restriction enzyme cleavage pattern (RECP)"", 
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""E Cardinale"", ""G Simon"", ""TC Harder"", ""J Lange"", ""IH Brown"", NA, NA, ""C Chiapponi"", ""S Hervé"", ""S Hervé"", ""A Balint"", ""A Moreno"", ""I Markowska-Daniel"", ""T Nokireki"", ""R Durrwald"", ""CS Kyriakis"", ""WL Loeffen"", ""CA Grontvedt"", ""MJ Slomka"", ""B Hoffmann"", ""F Pol"", ""E Starick"", NA, ""K Banyai"", ""E Starick"", ""A Moreno"", ""C Chiapponi"", ""WA Howard"", ""R Trebbien"", ""MF Ducatez"", ""P Kitikoon"", ""MI Nelson"", ""Q Liu"", ""S Epperson"", ""H Liang"", ""D Vijaykrishna"", ""LL Poon"", ""C Chiapponi"", ""SR Fereidouni"", ""A Gall"", 
""A Gall"", ""RA Fouchier"", NA, ""E Spackman"", ""A Kowalczyk"", ""E Hoffmann"", ""SR Fereidouni"", ""A De Vleeschauwer"", ""M Munch""), year = c(""2009"", NA, ""2013"", ""2007"", ""2014"", ""1981"", ""1993"", ""1999"", ""1985"", ""1998"", ""2002"", ""2008"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""2008"", ""2008"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2013"", NA, NA, ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2013"", ""2013"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2012"", 
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""Influenza Other Respi Viruses"", ""J Gen Virol"", ""Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)"", ""Science"", ""Nature"", ""Nature"", ""Canadian Veterinary Journal"", ""PLoS One"", ""J Gen Virol"", ""Euro Surveillance"", ""J Gen Virol"", ""Vet Rec"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Bulletin épidémiologique, santé animale et alimentation Anses-DGAl"", ""J Virol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Pig Journal"", NA, NA, ""J Virol Methods"", ""Bulletin épidémiologique, santé animale et alimentation Anses-DGAl"", ""Bulletin épidémiologique, santé animale et alimentation Anses-DGAl"", 
""Acta Vet Hung"", ""Open Virol J"", ""Bull Vet Inst Pulawy"", ""Acta Vet Scand"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Influenza Res Treat"", ""Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses"", ""Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr"", ""Journal of Virological Methods"", ""J Gen Virol"", NA, ""J Virol"", ""J Gen Virol"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Genome Announc"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Virol J"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""J Gen Virol"", ""J Gen Virol"", ""Arch Virol"", ""Clin Infect Dis"", ""J Virol"", ""Nature"", ""Clin Chem"", 
""J Virol Methods"", ""J Virol Methods"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", ""J Clin Microbiol"", NA, ""J Clin Microbiol"", ""J Virol Methods"", ""Arch Virol"", ""J Virol Methods"", ""PLoS One"", ""Arch Virol""), unstructured = c(NA, ""Van Reeth K, Brown IH, Olsen CW (2012) Swine influenza. In: Zimmerman J, Karriker L, Ramirez A, Schwarz KJ, Stevenson Geditors. Diseases of Swine. 10th edition ed. Hoboken NJ: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Company pp.557–571."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Simon G, Hervé S, Rose N, Amar P, Le Coz P, <etal>et al</etal>.<bold>.</bold> Organization of the French national surveillance network for Influenza in pigs. In: ISIRVeditor; 2013 7th–8th March; Dublin, Ireland. pp. 43."", ""OIE (2012) Swine Influenza. In: Health WOfAeditor. Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. 7th Edition ed."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Breum SO, Hjulsager CK, Trebbien R, Larsen LE (2013) Influenza a virus with a human-like n2 gene is circulating in pigs. Genome Announc <volume>1</volume>.."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Chiapponi C, Fallacara F, Foni E (2003) Subtyping of H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 swine influenza viruses by two multiplex RT-PCR; Rome. pp. 257–258."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""45"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,"2014-12-26","en","NULL","list(date = ""2014-12-26"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Simon","2014","Simon et al., 2014"
"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","2023-04-18","2023-04-18",NA,"10.3389/fvets.2023.1136225","2025-04-09","2297-1769",NA,"2023-04-18","1965",NA,"10.3389","Frontiers Media SA","1","Crossref","47","47","6","Cross-sectional study of hepatitis E virus (HEV) circulation in Italian pig farms","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1136225","10","<jats:p>Foodborne transmission is considered the main way of spreading zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in Europe. In recent years, the human cases of hepatitis E in subjects without history of travel in endemic areas have raised, suggesting that domestic HEV transmission is increasing. Pork products with or without liver, are often indicated as the source of many human foodborne HEV cases as well as small outbreaks. Pigs are recognized as the main reservoir of the zoonotic HEV-3 genotype, the most frequently detected in human cases in the EU. In the absence of a harmonized surveillance of HEV circulation, data on prevalence are heterogeneous but confirm a widespread circulation of HEV-3 in pig herds across EU. HEV-3 can pass through the food chain from farm to fork when infected animals are slaughtered. In Italy, several studies reported the circulation of HEV-3 in pig farms, but results are heterogeneous due to different methodologies applied. In the present study, we performed a survey over 51 pig herds belonging to three main types of farms: breeding, fattening and farrow-to-finish. HEV-RNA was analyzed by broad range Real-time RT-PCR on 20 samples for each farm, obtained by pooling together feces from 10 individuals. Overall, HEV RNA was confirmed on 150 fecal pooled samples out of 1,032 (14.5%). At least one positive pooled sample was detected from 18 farms out of 51 tested (35.3%). By lowering the number of infected pigs at primary production, the risk of HEV-3 entering into the food chain can be reduced. Hence, information on HEV circulation in herds is highly relevant for choosing preventive measures and deserves development of a monitoring program and further investigations.</jats:p>","Front. Vet. Sci.","list(given = c(""Giovanni"", ""Enrico"", ""Giuseppe"", ""Romina"", ""Giovanni Loris"", ""Daniela"", ""Giuliano"", ""Silvia"", ""Luca"", ""Chiara Francesca"", ""Elke"", ""Fabio"", ""Richard Piers"", ""Ilaria""), family = c(""Ianiro"", ""Pavoni"", ""Aprea"", ""Romantini"", ""Alborali"", ""D'Angelantonio"", ""Garofolo"", ""Scattolini"", ""De Sabato"", ""Magistrali"", ""Burow"", ""Ostanello"", ""Smith"", ""Di Bartolo""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", 
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""10.1186/s13567-017-0483-9"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4886"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-5-7"", ""10.1186/s13567-017-0436-3"", ""10.3390/ani11020277"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.11.002"", ""10.1111/tbed.14621"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.10.013"", ""10.1017/S0950268814003100"", ""10.3201/eid2108.141995"", ""10.1111/zph.12343"", NA, ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.04.028"", ""10.4081/ijfs.2015.4587"", ""10.1017/S0950268817002485"", ""10.1016/s0167-5877(98)00131-7"", ""10.1128/AEM.02660-05"", ""10.1007/s12560-019-09405-0"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.07.004"", 
""10.3201/eid1905.121845"", ""10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.22.2100516"", ""10.1016/j.cmi.2014.07.007"", ""10.3390/foods11010087"", ""10.2450/2018.0033-18"", ""10.1111/zph.12837"", ""10.1111/tbed.12533"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-159"", ""10.1007/s00705-015-2538-4"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105448"", NA, NA, ""10.1093/eurpub/ckaa112"", ""10.3390/v13061159"", ""10.1186/s40813-021-00189-z"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2019.100369"", ""10.1186/s40813-023-00306-0"", ""10.1111/tbed.14069"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108608"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-10-133""
), article.title = c(""Hepatitis E virus: assessment of the epidemiological situation in humans in Europe, 2014/15"", ""Transmission and epidemiology of hepatitis e virus genotype 3 and 4 infections"", ""Management of viral hepatitis A, C, D, E in pregnancy"", ""Hepatitis E virus infection"", ""Zoonotic hepatitis E: animal reservoirs and emerging risks"", ""Hepatitis E virus genotype 4 in a pig farm, Italy, 2013"", ""Emergence of autochthonous infections with hepatitis E virus of genotype 4 in Europe"", ""First isolation of hepatitis E virus genotype 4 in Europe through swine surveillance in the Netherlands and Belgium"", 
""Recent knowledge on hepatitis E virus in Suidae reservoirs and transmission routes to human"", ""Public health risks associated with hepatitis E virus"", ""The course of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs after contact-infection and intravenous inoculation"", ""From the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus"", ""Hepatitis E Virus Occurrence in Pigs Slaughtered in Italy"", ""A comprehensive study of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs entering a slaughterhouse in Slovenia"", ""Low prevalence of hepatitis E virus in the liver of Corsican pigs slaughtered after 12 months despite high antibody seroprevalence"", 
""High load of hepatitis E viral RNA in pork livers but absence in pork muscle at French slaughterhouses"", ""Prevalence of hepatitis E virus in slaughter-age pigs in Scotland"", ""Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs at the time of slaughter, United Kingdom, 2013"", ""Familial hepatitis E outbreak linked to wild boar meat consumption"", ""Hepatitis E virus: an emerging zoonotic agent"", ""Widespread diffusion of genotype 3 hepatitis E virus among farming swine in Northern Italy"", ""Detection and molecular characterisation of swine hepatitis E virus in Brescia Province, Italy"", 
""Hepatitis E virus infection in North Italy: high seroprevalence in swine herds and increased risk for swine workers"", ""Comparison of methods for estimation of individual-level prevalence based on pooled samples"", ""Development, evaluation, standardization of a real-time TaqMan reverse transcription-PCR assay for quantification of hepatitis A virus in clinical and shellfish samples"", ""Detection of hepatitis E virus in livers and muscle tissues of wild boars in Italy"", ""A broadly reactive one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for rapid and sensitive detection of hepatitis E virus"", 
""World Health Organization International Standard to harmonize assays for detection of hepatitis E virus RNA"", ""Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis E virus infection in blood donors: a nationwide survey in Italy, 2017 to 2019"", ""Male patient with acute hepatitis E in Genoa, Italy: figatelli. (pork liver sausage) as probable source of the infection"", ""Quantitative methods for the prioritization of foods implicated in the transmission of hepatititis E to humans in Italy"", ""A nationwide retrospective study on prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in Italian blood donors"", 
""Long-term surveillance for hepatitis E virus in an Italian two-site farrow-to-finish swine farm"", ""Hepatitis E virus: a cross-sectional serological and virological study in pigs and humans at zoonotic risk within a high-density pig farming area"", ""Serological and molecular investigation of swine hepatitis E virus in pigs raised in Southern Italy"", ""Detection and molecular characterization of zoonotic viruses in swine fecal samples in Italian pig herds"", ""Seroprevalence and phylogenetic characterization of hepatitis E virus in pig farms in Southern Italy"", 
NA, ""Evoluzione del comparto suinicolo in Italia: criticità e fattori di rischio"", ""Detection of anti-HEV antibodies and RNA of HEV in pigs from a hyperendemic Italian region with high human seroprevalence"", ""Hepatitis E outbreak in the central part of Italy sustained by multiple HEV genotype 3 strains, June-December 2019"", ""Infection dynamics and persistence of hepatitis E virus on pig farms"", ""Tackling hepatitis E virus spread and persistence on farrow-to-finish pig farms: insights from a stochastic individual-based multi-pathogen model"", 
""Prioritization of pig farm biosecurity for control of Salmonella and hepatitis E virus infections: results of a European expert opinion elicitation"", ""Monitoring of porcine circovirus type 2 infection through air and surface samples in vaccinated and unvaccinated fattening farms"", ""Dynamics of the within-herd prevalence of Mycoplasma bovis intramammary infection in endemically infected dairy herds"", ""Detection of serum antibodies to hepatitis E virus in domestic pigs in Italy using a recombinant swine HEV capsid protein""
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""Grierson"", ""Rivero-Juarez"", ""Caprioli"", ""Di Bartolo"", ""Pavoni"", ""Mughini-Gras"", ""Cowling"", ""Costafreda"", ""De Sabato"", ""Jothikumar"", ""Baylis"", ""Spada"", ""Garbuglia"", ""Moro"", ""Spada"", ""Ianiro"", ""Caruso"", ""Costanzo"", ""Monini"", ""Pavia"", NA, ""Bellini"", ""Martino"", ""Garbuglia"", ""Meester"", ""Salines"", ""Galipó"", ""Lopez-Lorenzo"", ""Timonen"", ""Ponterio""), year = c(""2016"", ""2018"", ""2020"", ""2017"", ""2010"", ""2015"", ""2014"", ""2011"", ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2009"", ""2017"", ""2021"", ""2017"", ""2022"", ""2018"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2017"", 
""2005"", ""2008"", ""2015"", ""2017"", ""1999"", ""2006"", ""2020"", ""2006"", ""2013"", ""2022"", ""2015"", ""2021"", ""2018"", ""2021"", ""2017"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2021"", NA, ""2009"", ""2021"", ""2021"", ""2021"", ""2020"", ""2023"", ""2021"", ""2020"", ""2014""), journal.title = c(""J Clin Virol"", ""Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"", ""Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"", ""Nat Rev Dis Primers"", ""Vet Res"", ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""Intervirology"", ""PLoS One"", ""Vet Res"", ""EFSA J"", ""BMC Vet Res"", ""Vet Res"", ""Animals"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Transbound Emerg Dis"", 
""Int J Food Microbiol"", ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", ""Vet Ital"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Ital J Food Saf"", ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""Prev Vet Med"", ""Appl Environ Microbiol"", ""Food Environ Virol"", ""J Virol Methods"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Euro Surveill"", ""Clin Microbiol Infect"", ""Foods"", ""Blood Transfus"", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", ""Transbound Emerg Dis"", ""J Food Prot"", ""Arch Virol"", ""Prev Vet Med"", NA, ""Large Animal Rev"", ""Eur J Public Health"", ""Viruses"", ""Porcine Health Manag"", 
""Epidemics"", ""Porcine Health Manag"", ""Transbound Emerg Dis"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""BMC Vet Res""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""29 - luglio2021"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.3389/fvets.2023.1136225","2023-04-18",NA,"list(DOI = ""10.13039/100010661"", name = ""Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", id.id = ""10.13039/100010661"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = ""2023-04-18"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")","https://doi.org/10.3389/crossmark-policy","NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Ianiro","2023","Ianiro et al., 2023"
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""10.1079/AHR200495"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61034-5"", ""10.1093/infdis/jit652"", ""10.1136/vr.154.8.223"", ""10.1186/1756-0500-5-190"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.05.002"", ""10.1186/1756-0500-4-412"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-302"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-5-7"", ""10.3201/eid1808.111647"", ""10.1017/S0950268813002318"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-64.4.572"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.07.027"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.07.004"", ""10.1073/pnas.94.18.9860"", ""10.1086/444396"", ""10.1093/molbev/mst197"", 
""10.1017/S0950268813003063"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.02.016"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.12.007"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.08.010"", ""10.1186/1297-9716-44-102"", ""10.1086/655898"", ""10.1089/fpd.2012.1141"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-3-9"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2012.02.002""), article.title = c(""Epidemiology of hepatitis E: current status."", NA, ""Hepatitis E virus in blood components: a prevalence and transmission study in southeast England."", ""Indigenous hepatitis E in England and Wales from 2003 to 2012: evidence of an emerging novel phylotype of viruses."", 
""Evidence for the presence of hepatitis E virus in pigs in the United Kingdom."", ""Prevalence and transmission of hepatitis E virus in domestic swine populations in different European countries."", ""Hepatitis E virus is highly prevalent in the Danish pig population."", ""Widespread distribution of hepatitis E virus in Spanish pig herds."", ""High prevalence of hepatitis E virus in French domestic pigs."", ""Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus in pigs from different farming systems in The Netherlands."", ""The course of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs after contact-infection and intravenous inoculation."", 
""Hepatitis E virus in pork food chain, United Kingdom, 2009–2010."", ""Hepatitis E virus in England and Wales: indigenous infection is associated with the consumption of processed pork products."", ""A review of hepatitis E virus."", NA, NA, ""Minor groove binder modification of widely used TaqMan probe for hepatitis E virus reduces risk of false negative real-time PCR results."", ""A broadly reactive one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for rapid and sensitive detection of hepatitis E virus."", ""A novel virus in swine is closely related to the human hepatitis E virus."", 
""Non-travel-associated hepatitis E in England and Wales: demographic, clinical, and molecular epidemiological characteristics."", ""MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 6.0."", ""Risk factors associated with the presence of hepatitis E virus in livers and seroprevalence in slaughter-age pigs: a retrospective study of 90 swine farms in France."", ""Hepatitis E virus load in swine organs and tissues at slaughterhouse determined by real-time RT-PCR."", ""Viral and antibody HEV prevalence in swine at slaughterhouse in Italy."", 
""Longitudinal study of hepatitis E virus infection in Spanish farrow-to-finish swine herds."", ""Direct contact and environmental contaminations are responsible for HEV transmission in pigs."", ""Pig liver sausage as a source of hepatitis E virus transmission to humans."", ""Detection of IgM and IgG against hepatitis E virus in serum and meat juice samples from pigs at slaughter in Bavaria, Germany."", ""Transmission dynamics of hepatitis E among swine: potential impact upon human infection."", ""Transmission dynamics of hepatitis E virus in pigs: estimation from field data and effect of vaccination.""
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    year = c(""2009"", NA, ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2004"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2014"", ""2009"", ""2012"", ""2014"", ""2001"", NA, NA, ""2012"", ""2006"", ""1997"", ""2005"", ""2013"", ""2014"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""2010"", ""2012"", ""2007"", ""2012""), journal.title = c(""J Gastroenterol Hepatol"", NA, ""Lancet"", ""J Infect Dis"", ""Vet Rec"", ""BMC Res Notes"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""BMC Res Notes"", ""Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"", ""J Food Prot"", ""BMC Vet Res"", ""Emerg Infect Dis"", ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""J Food Prot"", 
    NA, NA, ""J Virol Methods"", ""J Virol Methods"", ""Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"", ""J Infect Dis"", ""Mol Biol Evol"", ""Epidemiol Infect"", ""Int J Food Microbiol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Vet Microbiol"", ""Vet Res"", ""J Infect Dis"", ""Foodborne Pathog Dis"", ""BMC Vet Res"", ""Epidemics.""), unstructured = c(NA, ""Goens SD, Perdue ML. Hepatitis E viruses in humans and animals. Anim Health Res Rev. 2004;5:145–56."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""BPEX Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board. Pig pocketbook 2014 [cited 2014 Dec 16]. http://www.bpex.org.uk/media/2426/pig_pocketbook_2014.pdf"", 
    ""Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs, Public Health England. Zoonoses report, UK, 2012 [cited 2014 Dec 16]. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/236983/pb13987-zoonoses-report-2012.pdf"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,NA,NA,"NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Grierson","2015","Grierson et al., 2015"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2014-11-20","2019-04-20","2015-07","10.1017/s0950268814003100","2025-06-04","0950-2688,1469-4409","10","2014-11-20","56","2237-2240","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","13","13","42","Prevalence of hepatitis E virus in slaughter-age pigs in Scotland","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268814003100","143","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of anti-HEV isotype-specific antibodies and viraemia were investigated in serum samples collected from slaughter-age pigs (aged 22–24 weeks) from 23 farms in Scotland. Of 176 serum samples tested, 29·0% (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 51) were anti-HEV IgG positive, 36·9% (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 65) anti-HEV IgA positive and 29·0% (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 51) anti-HEV IgM positive. Overall seroprevalence (anti-HEV IgG+ and/or IgA+ and/or IgM+) was 61·4% (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 108). HEV RNA was detected in 72/162 serum samples (44·4%). Partial sequence of ORF2 (98 nt) was obtained from eight HEV RNA-positive samples and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that they were all of genotype 3. This is the first report on the prevalence of HEV in pigs in Scotland. Given the increasing incidence of locally acquired HEV infection in the UK, evidence that HEV is a foodborne zoonosis emphasizes the need for surveillance in pigs.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""C."", ""S."", ""J."", ""A."", ""J."", ""M."", ""L.""), family = c(""CROSSAN"", ""GRIERSON"", ""THOMSON"", ""WARD"", ""NUNEZ-GARCIA"", ""BANKS"", ""SCOBIE""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268814003100"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268814003100_ref3"", ""S0950268814003100_ref5"", ""S0950268814003100_ref9"", ""S0950268814003100_ref1"", ""S0950268814003100_ref6"", ""S0950268814003100_ref10"", ""S0950268814003100_ref2"", ""S0950268814003100_ref11"", ""S0950268814003100_ref4"", ""S0950268814003100_ref8"", ""S0950268814003100_ref13"", ""S0950268814003100_ref12"", ""S0950268814003100_ref7""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1017/S0950268813002318"", ""10.1051/vetres/2010018"", ""10.1099/vir.0.80909-0"", ""10.1111/jvh.12024"", ""10.1136/vr.154.8.223"", ""10.1111/vox.12056"", ""10.1093/infdis/jit652"", ""10.1016/j.virusres.2011.04.010"", ""10.3201/eid1808.111647"", ""10.1007/s10620-008-0657-4"", ""10.1016/j.jcv.2013.06.038"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.11.002"", ""10.1016/S0166-0934(99)00052-X""))","S0950268814003100","2014-11-20","en","NULL","list(date = ""2014-11-20"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/policypage","list(value = ""Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 "", name = ""license"", label = ""License"", group.name = ""copyright_and_licensing"", group.label = ""Copyright and Licensing"")",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"CROSSAN","2014","CROSSAN et al., 2014"
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""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA), first.page = c(""9"", ""30561"", ""1358"", ""264"", ""225"", ""58"", NA, ""27"", ""277"", ""825"", ""1025"", ""19"", NA, ""437"", NA, ""912"", ""25"", ""2990"", NA, NA, ""1396"", ""2847"", ""3092"", ""1265"", ""173"", NA, NA, ""236"", ""811"", ""17086"", ""50"", ""206"", ""331"", ""88"", ""60"", ""1"", NA, ""1530"", ""10"", ""232"", ""298"", ""52"", ""419"", ""381"", ""197"", ""640"", ""2417"", NA, ""2223"", ""537"", ""354"", ""1155"", ""149"", ""1589"", NA, ""1314"", ""33"", NA), DOI = c(""10.1016/j.jcv.2016.06.010"", 
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""10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.11.002"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003"", ""10.3201/eid1503.071472"", ""10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.05.014"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-302"", ""10.1017/S0950268817001388"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2019.100369"", ""10.1099/vir.0.068429-0"", ""10.1099/jgv.0.000393"", ""10.3201/eid2602.191348"", ""10.3390/v13061155"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.09.013"", ""10.1111/tbed.12550"", NA, ""10.1111/tbed.13153"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.05.006"", NA), article.title = c(""Hepatitis E virus: assessment of the epidemiological situation in humans in Europe, 2014/15"", 
""Hepatitis E virus infection in Europe: surveillance and descriptive epidemiology of confirmed cases, 2005 to 2015"", ""Hepatitis E virus in pork food chain, United Kingdom, 2009–2010"", ""Hepatitis E virus in pork liver sausage, France"", ""Porcine blood used as ingredient in meat productions may serve as a vehicle for hepatitis E virus transmission"", ""Monitoring of pork liver and meat products on the dutch market for the presence of HEV RNA"", ""Detection and quantification of hepatitis E virus RNA in ready to eat raw pork sausages in the Netherlands"", 
""Longitudinal study of hepatitis E virus infection in spanish farrow-to-finish swine herds"", ""Hepatitis E virus occurrence in pigs slaughtered in Italy"", ""Pig liver sausage as a source of hepatitis E virus transmission to humans"", ""Persistent carriage of hepatitis E virus in patients with HIV infection"", ""Hepatitis E virus infection dynamics and organic distribution in naturally infected pigs in a farrow-to-finish farm"", NA, ""Construction and analytical application of internal amplification controls (IAC) for detection of food supply chain-relevant viruses by real-time PCR-based assays"", 
""Scientific opinion on the public health risks associated with hepatitis E virus (HEV) as a food-borne pathogen"", ""Detection and characterization of infectious hepatitis E virus from commercial pig livers sold in local grocery stores in the USA"", ""High load of hepatitis E viral RNA in pork livers but absence in pork muscle at french slaughterhouses"", ""Occurrence of hepatitis E virus in pigs and pork cuts and organs at the time of slaughter, Spain, 2017"", NA, NA, ""Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs at the time of slaughter, United Kingdom, 2013"", 
""Complex heatmaps reveal patterns and correlations in multidimensional genomic data"", ""Past and present of hepatitis E in the Netherlands"", ""Comparison of hepatitis E virus sequences from humans and swine, the Netherlands, 1998–2015"", ""A practical approach to calculate sample size for herd prevalence surveys"", NA, NA, ""Assessment of domestic pigs, wild boars and feral hybrid pigs as reservoirs of hepatitis E virus in Corsica, France"", ""Hepatitis E virus and chronic hepatitis in organ-transplant recipients"", 
""Hepatitis E virus infection"", ""Tracing hepatitis E virus in pigs from birth to slaughter"", ""Hepatitis E virus load in swine organs and tissues at slaughterhouse determined by real-time RT-PCR"", ""Clinical manifestations, pathogenesis and treatment of hepatitis E virus infections"", ""Risk factors associated with hepatitis E virus in pigs from different production systems"", ""Detection and characterization of potentially zoonotic viruses in faeces of pigs at slaughter in Germany"", ""Method for HEV detection in raw pig liver products and its implementation for naturally contaminated food"", 
""Expanding host range and cross-species infection of hepatitis E virus"", ""IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era"", ""HEVnet: A one health, collaborative, interdisciplinary network and sequence data repository for enhanced hepatitis e virus molecular typing, characterisation and epidemiological investigations"", ""Evaluation of ELISA test characteristics and estimation of toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in dutch sheep using mixture models"", ""Fulminant liver failure from acute autochthonous hepatitis E in France: description of seven patients with acute hepatitis E and encephalopathy"", 
""A comprehensive study of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs entering a slaughterhouse in Slovenia"", ""High prevalence of hepatitis E virus in french domestic pigs"", ""Sources of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in the Netherlands"", ""Seroprevalence and molecular detection of hepatitis E virus in wild boar and red deer in the Netherlands"", ""Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus in pigs from different farming systems in the Netherlands"", ""Pork products associated with human infection caused by an emerging phylotype of hepatitis E virus in England and Wales"", 
""Tackling hepatitis E virus spread and persistence on farrow-to-finish pig farms: insights from a stochastic individual-based multi-pathogen model"", ""Consensus proposals for classification of the family Hepeviridae"", ""Update: proposed reference sequences for subtypes of hepatitis E virus (species orthohepevirus A)"", ""Hepatitis E virus in pigs from slaughterhouses, United States, 2017–2019"", ""Bayesian binary mixture models as a flexible alternative to cut-off analysis of ELISA results, a case study of Seoul orthohantavirus"", 
""Detection of hepatitis E virus RNA in raw sausages and liver sausages from retail in Germany using an optimized method"", ""Susceptibility of pigs to zoonotic hepatitis E virus genotype 3 isolated from a wild boar"", NA, ""Hepatitis E virus strains infecting Swedish domestic pigs are unique for each pig farm and remain in the farm for at least 2 years"", ""Survey of Canadian retail pork chops and pork livers for detection of hepatitis E virus, norovirus, and rotavirus using real time RT-PCR"", NA), volume = c(""82"", 
""22"", ""18"", ""19"", ""257"", ""296"", ""333"", ""148"", ""11"", ""202"", ""361"", ""132"", NA, ""4"", ""4886"", ""88"", ""264"", ""10"", NA, NA, ""21"", ""32"", ""54"", ""13"", ""65"", NA, NA, ""8"", ""358"", ""3"", ""6"", ""139"", ""9"", ""224"", ""168"", ""176"", ""12"", ""37"", ""24"", ""96"", ""14"", ""212"", ""34"", ""15"", ""168"", ""77"", ""145"", ""30"", ""95"", ""97"", ""26"", ""13"", ""215"", ""64"", NA, ""66"", ""185"", NA), author = c(""Adlhoch"", ""Aspinall"", ""Berto"", ""Berto"", ""Boxman"", ""Boxman"", ""Boxman"", ""Casas"", ""Chelli"", ""Colson"", ""Dalton"", ""de Deus"", ""Dierenbescherming"", ""Diez-Valcarce"", 
""EFSA BIOHAZ Panel (EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards)"", ""Feagins"", ""Feurer"", ""Garcia"", ""Gezondheidsraad"", ""de Gier"", ""Grierson"", ""Gu"", ""Hogema"", ""Hogema"", ""Humphry"", NA, NA, ""Jori"", ""Kamar"", ""Kamar"", ""Krog"", ""Leblanc"", ""Lhomme"", ""Lopez-Lopez"", ""Machnowska"", ""Martin-Latil"", ""Meng"", ""Minh"", ""Mulder"", ""Opsteegh"", ""Péron"", ""Raspor Lainšček"", ""Rose"", ""Rutjes"", ""Rutjes"", ""Rutjes"", ""Said"", ""Salines"", ""Smith"", ""Smith"", ""Sooryanarain"", ""Swart"", ""Szabo"", ""Thiry"", ""Voedingscentrum"", ""Wang"", ""Wilhelm"", ""WorldHealthOrganization""
), year = c(""2016"", ""2017"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""2020"", ""2011"", ""2021"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2008"", ""2021"", ""2011"", ""2017"", ""2007"", ""2018"", ""2019"", ""2018"", ""2019"", ""2015"", ""2016"", ""2014"", ""2021"", ""2004"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""2016"", ""2008"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""2010"", ""2020"", ""2018"", ""2014"", ""2014"", ""2016"", ""2020"", ""2019"", ""2010"", ""2007"", ""2017"", ""2011"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2014"", ""2017"", ""2020"", ""2014"", ""2020"", ""2020"", ""2021"", ""2015"", ""2017"", NA, ""2019"", ""2014"", ""2021""), journal.title = c(""J Clin Virol"", 
""Euro Surveill."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Animals"", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""N. Engl. J. Med."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", NA, ""Food Anal. Method"", ""EFSA J."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Front. Microbiol."", NA, NA, ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Bioinformatics"", ""Transfusion"", ""Viruses"", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, NA, ""Viruses"", ""N. Engl. J. Med."", ""Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"", ""Front. Vet. Sci."", 
""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""J. Clin. Med."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Food Microb."", ""PLoS Pathog."", ""Mol Biol Evol"", ""Euro Surveill."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Viral Hepatol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Virol. Methods"", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Epidemics"", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Viruses"", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", NA, ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", 
""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""The Better Life Label – Beter Leven Keurmerk"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Testen van bloeddonaties op hepatitis E-virus"", ""State of Infectious Diseases in the Netherlands, 2018"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""ISO 15216-1: 2017 Microbiology of Food and Animal Feed - Horizontal Method for Determination of Hepatitis A Virus and Norovirus in Food Using Real-time RT-PCR - Part 1: Method for Quantification"", ""ISO 15216–2: 2019 Microbiology of food and animal feed - horizontal method for determination of hepatitis a virus and norovirus in food using real-time RT-PCR - part 1: Method for detection"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Hepatitis E, Fact Sheet""), issue = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""15"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""5"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0168160522003026",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = c(""2022-10-01"", ""2022-07-15""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"", ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/""))","http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""High prevalence of acute hepatitis E virus infection in pigs in Dutch slaughterhouses"", ""International Journal of Food Microbiology"", ""https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109830"", ""article"", ""© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", ""Journal Title"", ""CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"", 
""Content Type"", ""Copyright""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Boxman","2022","Boxman et al., 2022"
"Veterinary Microbiology","2007-07-11","2020-04-24","2008-01","10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004","2025-05-22","0378-1135","1-3","2008-01","78","74-81","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","39","39","93","Detection of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in a demographic managed wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) population in Italy","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004","126",NA,"Veterinary Microbiology","list(given = c(""Francesca"", ""Andrea"", ""Martina"", ""Andrea"", ""Caterina"", ""Ilaria"", ""Franco Maria"", ""Mauro"", ""Fabio""), family = c(""Martelli"", ""Caprioli"", ""Zengarini"", ""Marata"", ""Fiegna"", ""Di Bartolo"", ""Ruggeri"", ""Delogu"", ""Ostanello""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S037811350700332X?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S037811350700332X?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib1"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib2"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib3"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib4"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib5"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib6"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib7"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib8"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib9"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib10"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib11"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib12"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib13"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.004_bib14"", 
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""10.1177/104063870601800506"", ""10.1128/JCM.37.12.3828-3834.1999"", ""10.2957/kanzo.45.557"", ""10.3201/eid1112.051041"", ""10.1002/rmv.482"", ""10.1016/j.hepres.2005.01.008"", ""10.1086/378074"", ""10.1007/s00705-004-0429-1"", ""10.1073/pnas.94.18.9860"", ""10.1128/JVI.72.12.9714-9721.1998"", ""10.1128/JCM.40.1.117-122.2002"", ""10.1099/vir.0.81394-0"", ""10.1016/S0168-8278(00)80316-5"", ""10.1128/JCM.42.11.5371-5374.2004"", ""10.1016/j.virol.2004.10.006"", ""10.1016/j.jhep.2003.12.026"", ""10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14025-1"", ""10.3201/eid0706.010608"", 
""10.1051/vetres:2004008"", ""10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00729.x"", ""10.4269/ajtmh.2002.66.384"", ""10.1099/vir.0.19242-0"", ""10.1128/CDLI.8.6.1213-1219.2001"", ""10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199904)57:4<356::AID-JMV5>3.0.CO;2-D"", ""10.1086/504293""), article.title = c(""Hepatitis E: an overview and recent advances in clinical and laboratory research"", ""Human and porcine Hepatitis E virus strains, United Kingdom"", ""Evidence for the presence of Hepatitis E virus in pigs in the United Kingdom"", ""Sporadic cases of acute autochthonous Hepatitis E in Spain"", 
NA, ""Identification of genotype 1 Hepatitis E virus in samples from swine in Cambodia"", ""Serological evidence for swine Hepatitis E virus infection in Australian pig herds"", ""Localization of swine Hepatitis E virus in liver and extrahepatic tissues from naturally infected pigs by in situ hybridization"", ""Hepatitis E virus epidemiology in industrialized countries"", ""Detection of Hepatitis E virus in liver, mesenteric lymph node, serum, bile and faeces of naturally infected pigs affected by different pathological conditions"", 
""Prevalence of Hepatitis E virus in European Wild boars"", ""Hepatitis E virus antibody prevalence among persons who work with swine"", ""Hepatitis E virus"", ""A Hepatitis E virus variant from the United States: molecular characterization and transmission in cynomolgus macaques"", ""Detection of Hepatitis E virus shedding in feces of pigs at different stages of production using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction"", ""Identity of a novel swine Hepatitis E virus in Taiwan forming a monophyletic group with Taiwan isolates of human Hepatitis E virus"", 
""HEV infection in wild boars in Japan"", ""Hepatitis E virus transmission from wild boar meat"", ""Phylogenetic analysis of global Hepatitis E virus sequences: genetic diversity, subtypes and zoonosis"", ""Acute Hepatitis E of a man who consumed wild boar meat prior to the onset of illness in Nagasaki, Japan"", ""Severe Hepatitis E virus infection after ingestion of uncooked liver from a wild boar"", ""Changes to virus taxonomy"", ""A novel virus in swine is closely related to the human Hepatitis E virus"", ""Genetic and experimental evidence for cross-species infection by swine Hepatitis E virus"", 
""Prevalence of antibodies to Hepatitis E virus in veterinarians working with swine and in normal blood donors in the United States and other countries"", ""Analysis of the full-length genome of Hepatitis E virus isolates obtained from wild boars in Japan"", ""HEV identified in serum from humans with acute hepatitis and in sewage of animal origin in Spain"", ""Prevalence of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in wild boars and deer and genetic identification of a genotype 3 HEV from a boar in Japan"", ""Complete or near-complete nucleotide sequences of Hepatitis E virus genome recovered from a wild boar, a deer, and four patients who ate the deer"", 
""Consumption of wild boar linked to cases of Hepatitis E"", ""Zoonotic transmission of Hepatitis E virus from deer to human beings"", ""Hepatitis E virus sequences in swine related to sequences in humans, The Netherlands"", ""Epidemiological study on porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection in the European wild boar (Sus scrofa)"", ""Genetic relationship and distribution of the Japanese wild boar (Sus Scrofa leucomystax) and Ryukyu wild boars (Sus Scrofa riukiuanus) analysed by mitochondrial DNA"", ""Antibody levels to Hepatitis E virus in North Carolina swine workers, non-swine workers, swine, and murids"", 
""Sporadic acute or fulminant Hepatitis E in Hokkaido, Japan, may be food-borne, as suggested by the presence of Hepatitis E virus in pig liver as food"", ""Prevalence of Hepatitis E virus antibodies in Canadian swine herds and identification of a novel variant of swine Hepatitis E virus"", ""Identification of a novel variant of Hepatitis E virus in Italy"", ""Swine as a principal reservoir of Hepatitis E virus that infects Humans in Eastern China""), volume = c(""15"", ""10"", ""154"", ""41"", NA, ""44"", ""68"", ""38"", 
""9"", ""119"", NA, ""184"", ""13"", ""80"", ""18"", ""37"", ""45"", ""11"", ""16"", ""31"", ""188"", ""150"", ""94"", ""72"", ""40"", ""86"", ""33"", ""42"", ""330"", ""40"", ""362"", ""7"", ""35"", ""8"", ""66"", ""84"", ""8"", ""57"", ""193""), author = c(""Aggarwal"", ""Banks"", ""Banks"", ""Buti"", NA, ""Caron"", ""Chandler"", ""Choi"", ""Clemente-Casares"", ""de Deus"", ""de Deus"", ""Drobeniuc"", ""Emerson"", ""Erker"", ""Fernandez-Barredo"", ""Hsieh"", ""Kitajima"", ""Li"", ""Lu"", ""Masuda"", ""Matsuda"", ""Mayo"", ""Meng"", ""Meng"", ""Meng"", ""Nishizawa"", ""Pina"", ""Sonoda"", ""Takahashi"", ""Tamada"", 
""Tei"", ""Van Der Poel"", ""Vicente"", ""Watanobe"", ""Withers"", ""Yazaki"", ""Yoo"", ""Zanetti"", ""Zheng""), year = c(""2000"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", NA, ""2006"", ""1999"", ""2003"", ""2003"", ""2007"", ""2007"", ""2001"", ""2003"", ""1999"", ""2006"", ""1999"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2006"", ""2005"", ""2003"", ""2004"", ""1997"", ""1998"", ""2002"", ""2005"", ""2000"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2003"", ""2001"", ""2004"", ""1999"", ""2002"", ""2003"", ""2001"", ""1999"", ""2006""), journal.title = c(""J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""J. Hepatol."", 
NA, ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""J. Hepatol."", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", NA, ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Rev. Med. Virol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Kanzo"", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", ""Rev. Med. Virol."", ""Hepatol. Res."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Arch. Virol."", ""Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."", ""J. Virol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""J. Hepatol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Virology"", ""J. Hepatol."", ""Lancet"", ""Emerg. Infect. Dis."", 
""Vet. Res."", ""Mol. Ecol."", ""Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."", ""J. Gen. Virol."", ""Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."", ""J. Med. Virol."", ""J. Infect. Dis.""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Caprioli, A., Martelli, F., Ostanello, F., Di Bartolo, I., Ruggeri, F., Del Chiaro, L., Tolari, F. Detection of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Italian pig herds. Vet. Rec., in press."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), series.title = c(NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proc. Second European Wildlife Disease Association Student Workshop"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S037811350700332X",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2008-01-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Martelli","2008","Martelli et al., 2008"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2017-11-17","2019-04-16","2017-12","10.1017/s0950268817002485","2024-08-06","0950-2688,1469-4409","16","2017-11-17","56","3375-3384","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","38","38","27","Hepatitis E virus infection in North Italy: high seroprevalence in swine herds and increased risk for swine workers","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268817002485","145","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>We determined the hepatitis E virus (HEV) seroprevalence and detection rate in commercial swine herds in Italy's utmost pig-rich area, and assessed HEV seropositivity risk in humans as a function of occupational exposure to pigs, diet, foreign travel, medical history and hunting activities. During 2011–2014, 2700 sera from 300 swine herds were tested for anti-HEV IgG. HEV RNA was searched in 959 faecal pools from HEV-seropositive herds and in liver/bile/muscle samples from 179 pigs from HEV-positive herds. A cohort study of HEV seropositivity in swine workers (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 149) was also performed using two comparison groups of people unexposed to swine: omnivores (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 121) and vegetarians/vegans (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 115). Herd-level seroprevalence was 75·6% and was highest in farrow-to-feeder herds (81·6%). Twenty-six out of 105 (24·8%) herds had HEV-positive faecal samples (25 HEV-3, one HEV-4). Only one bile sample tested positive. HEV seropositivity was 12·3% in swine workers, 0·9% in omnivores and 3·0% in vegetarians/vegans. Factors significantly associated with HEV seropositivity were occupational exposure to pigs, travel to Africa and increased swine workers’ age. We concluded that HEV is widespread in Italian swine herds and HEV-4 circulation is alarming given its pathogenicity, with those occupationally exposed to pigs being at increased risk of HEV seropositivity.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""L."", ""G."", ""C."", ""N."", ""W."", ""G."", ""A."", ""F."", ""L."", ""I."", ""M."", ""K."", ""G."", ""N."", ""G."", ""P."", ""L.""), family = c(""MUGHINI-GRAS"", ""ANGELONI"", ""SALATA"", ""VONESCH"", ""D'AMICO"", ""CAMPAGNA"", ""NATALE"", ""ZULIANI"", ""CEGLIE"", ""MONNE"", ""VASCELLARI"", ""CAPELLO"", ""DI MARTINO"", ""INGLESE"", ""PALÙ"", ""TOMAO"", ""BONFANTI""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", 
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NA, ""227"", ""1012"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""e04886"", NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Evidence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in human and pigs in Sardinia, Italy"", ""Occupational exposure to hepatitis E virus (HEV) in swine workers"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Public health risks associated with hepatitis E virus (HEV) as a food-borne pathogen"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""50"", ""78"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""15"", NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Masia"", ""Galiana"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Hazards EPanel"", NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2009"", ""2008"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2017"", NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene"", ""American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""EFSA Journal"", NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0950268817002485","2017-11-17","en","NULL","list(date = ""2017-11-17"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/policypage","list(value = ""Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 "", name = ""license"", label = ""License"", group.name = ""copyright_and_licensing"", group.label = ""Copyright and Licensing"")",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"MUGHINI-GRAS","2017","MUGHINI-GRAS et al., 2017"
"Veterinary Microbiology","2013-10-21","2019-12-17","2013-12","10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001","2024-08-01","0378-1135","3-4","2013-12","78","394-402","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","55","55","44","Age-related and regional differences in the prevalence of hepatitis E virus-specific antibodies in pigs in Germany","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001","167",NA,"Veterinary Microbiology","list(given = c(""Andi"", ""Sebastian"", ""Anne"", ""Paul"", ""Ralf"", ""Reimar"", ""Andreas"", ""Mario"", ""Jeannette"", ""Peter"", ""Andreas"", ""Rainer G."", ""Roland""), family = c(""Krumbholz"", ""Joel"", ""Neubert"", ""Dremsek"", ""Dürrwald"", ""Johne"", ""Hlinak"", ""Walther"", ""Lange"", ""Wutzler"", ""Sauerbrei"", ""Ulrich"", ""Zell""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113513004744?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0378113513004744?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(key = c(""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0005"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0010"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0015"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0020"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0025"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0030"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0035"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0040"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0045"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0050"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0055"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0060"", ""10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001_bib0065"", 
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NA, ""10.1016/j.virusres.2011.03.006"", ""10.1186/1743-422X-9-28"", ""10.1051/vetres/2010018"", ""10.1007/s15010-011-0220-7"", ""10.1007/s15010-006-4132-x"", ""10.3201/eid1712.110482"", ""10.3201/eid1808.111659"", ""10.1016/j.cimid.2011.07.003"", ""10.1186/1743-422X-6-58"", ""10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.11.018"", NA, ""10.1099/vir.0.029470-0"", ""10.1128/JCM.01119-12"", ""10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-058"", ""10.1089/fpd.2012.1141"", ""10.1053/j.gastro.2012.02.014"", ""10.1016/j.jcv.2011.06.006"", NA, ""10.1017/S0950268811000677""), article.title = c(""Indigenous hepatitis E virus infection of a plasma donor in Germany"", 
""High HEV presence in four different wild boar populations in East and West Germany"", ""Hepatitis E: historical, contemporary and future perspectives"", NA, NA, NA, ""Prevalence of Hepatitis E virus-specific antibodies in sera of German domestic pigs estimated by using different assays"", ""Molecular detection of hepatitis E virus in German domestic pigs"", ""A novel member of the family Hepeviridae from cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii)"", ""Prevalence and transmission of hepatitis E virus in domestic swine populations in different European countries"", 
""Detection and characterization of hepatitis E virus in domestic pigs of different ages in Portugal"", ""Hepatitis E virus is highly prevalent in the Danish pig population"", ""Sporadic cases of acute autochthonous hepatitis E virus infection in Southwest Germany"", ""Longitudinal study of hepatitis E virus infection in Spanish farrow-to-finish swine herds"", ""Time trend of the prevalence of hepatitis E antibodies among farmers and blood donors: a potential zoonosis in Denmark"", ""Viral and antibody HEV prevalence in swine at slaughterhouse in Italy"", 
""Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence of domestic pigs in Germany determined by a novel in-house and two reference ELISAs"", ""Seroprevalence study in forestry workers from eastern Germany using novel genotype 3- and rat hepatitis E virus-specific immunoglobulin G ELISAs"", ""Bats worldwide carry hepatitis E virus-related viruses that form a putative novel genus within the family Hepeviridae"", ""Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence among adults, Germany"", ""An unusual cause of elevated liver function tests in an elderly female"", 
""First isolation of hepatitis E virus genotype 4 in Europe through swine surveillance in the Netherlands and Belgium"", ""Indigenous hepatitis E virus infection in England: more common than it seems"", ""Widespread distribution of hepatitis E virus in Spanish pig herds"", ""Rat hepatitis E virus: geographical clustering within Germany and serological detection in wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus)"", ""Frequent transmission of hepatitis E virus among piglets in farms in Southern France"", ""Detection of hepatitis E virus in archived German wild boar serum samples"", 
""Prevalence of antibodies to European porcine influenza viruses in humans living in high pig density areas of Germany"", ""Prevalence of hepatitis E virus-specific antibodies in humans with occupational exposure to pigs"", ""The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data"", ""Reassortants of the Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus and establishment of a novel porcine H1N2 influenza virus lineage in Germany"", ""Susceptibility of laboratory rats against genotypes 1, 3, 4, and rat hepatitis E viruses"", 
""Prevalence of hepatitis E virus antibodies in pigs in Northern Italy"", ""Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus in the UK farming population"", ""From barnyard to food table: the omnipresence of hepatitis E virus and risk for zoonotic infection and food safety"", ""Hepeviridae"", ""Hepatitis E virus infection in developed countries"", ""Systematic screening for novel, serologically reactive Hepatitis E Virus epitopes"", ""Zoonotic hepatitis E: animal reservoirs and emerging risks"", ""Fatal course of an autochthonous hepatitis E virus infection in a patient with leukemia in Germany"", 
""Autochthonous hepatitis E virus infection in Germany with sequence similarities to other European isolates"", ""Hepatitis E virus in rats, Los Angeles, California, USA"", ""Novel hepatitis E virus in ferrets, the Netherlands"", ""High prevalence of Hepatitis E virus in French domestic pigs"", ""Detection of hepatitis E virus in wild boars of rural and urban regions in Germany and whole genome characterization of an endemic strain"", ""Distribution of hepatitis E virus infection and its prevalence in pigs on commercial farms in Spain"", 
""Hepatitis E in Germany – an emerging infection?"", ""Analysis of the full-length genome of a hepatitis E virus isolate obtained from a wild boar in Japan that is classifiable into a novel genotype"", ""Novel approach for detection of hepatitis E virus infection in German blood donors"", ""Seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus and anti-Salmonella antibodies in pigs at slaughter in Switzerland"", ""Detection of IgM and IgG against hepatitis E virus in serum and meat juice samples from pigs at slaughter in Bavaria, Germany"", 
""Pathogenesis and treatment of hepatitis E virus infection"", ""Detection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from porcine livers in Southeastern Germany and high sequence homology to human HEV isolates"", NA, ""A systematic review/meta-analysis of primary research investigating swine, pork or pork products as a source of zoonotic hepatitis E virus""), volume = c(""97"", ""139"", ""26"", NA, NA, NA, ""144"", ""126"", ""158"", ""5"", ""59"", ""146"", ""47"", ""148"", ""47"", ""149"", ""190"", ""201"", ""86"", ""18"", ""51"", ""6"", ""44"", ""4"", ""12"", 
""81"", ""128"", NA, ""201"", ""33"", NA, ""163"", ""1"", ""57"", ""161"", NA, ""161"", ""9"", ""41"", ""40"", ""34"", ""17"", ""18"", ""34"", ""6"", ""175"", NA, ""92"", ""50"", ""75"", ""9"", ""142"", ""52"", NA, ""139""), author = c(""Adlhoch"", ""Adlhoch"", ""Aggarwal"", ""Anonymous"", ""Anonymous"", ""Anonymous"", ""Baechlein"", ""Baechlein"", ""Batts"", ""Berto"", ""Berto"", ""Breum"", ""Brost"", ""Casas"", ""Christensen"", ""Di Bartolo"", ""Dremsek"", ""Dremsek"", ""Drexler"", ""Faber"", ""Frickmann"", ""Hakze-van der Honing"", ""Ijaz"", ""Jimenez de Oya"", ""Johne"", ""Kaba"", ""Kaci"", ""Krumbholz"", 
""Krumbholz"", ""Landis"", ""Lange"", ""Li"", ""Martinelli"", ""Meader"", ""Meng"", ""Meng"", ""Miyamura"", ""Osterman"", ""Pavio"", ""Pfefferle"", ""Preiss"", ""Purcell"", ""Raj"", ""Rose"", ""Schielke"", ""Seminati"", ""Sichler"", ""Takahashi"", ""Vollmer"", ""Wacheck"", ""Wacheck"", ""Wedemeyer"", ""Wenzel"", ""Werres"", ""Wilhelm""), year = c(""2009"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2013"", ""2010"", ""2013"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2010"", ""2010"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2011"", ""2013"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2012"", ""2009"", 
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""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Journal of Clinical Virology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Clinical Infectious Diseases"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Journal of Virological Methods"", ""Medical Microbiology and Immunology"", ""Journal of Virology"", ""Emerging Infectious Diseases"", ""Journal of Clinical Virology"", ""PLoS ONE"", ""Journal of Clinical Virology"", ""BMC Research Notes"", ""Infection, Genetics And Evolution"", ""Journal of Medical Virology"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""Medical Microbiology and Immunology"", 
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""Journal of Food Protection"", ""Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"", ""Gastroenterology"", ""Journal of Clinical Virology"", NA, ""Epidemiology and Infection""), issue = c(NA, NA, ""Suppl. 1"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Landwirtschaft – Viehwirtschaft; November 3, 2012"", ""Smågrise overskud og underskud i Tyskland 2006–2012*"", 
""Übermittelte Hepatitis E-Fälle nach Meldekategorie, Deutschland, Fälle entsprechend der Referenzdefinition des RKI; Datenstand: 29. 05. 2013; SurvStat"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Virus Taxonomy"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""23rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Virology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Entwicklung eines ELISA zum Nachweis von Hepatitis E Antikörpern aus Serum und Fleischsaft des Schweins."", 
NA))","S0378113513004744",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2013-12-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""Age-related and regional differences in the prevalence of hepatitis E virus-specific antibodies in pigs in Germany"", ""Veterinary Microbiology"", ""https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.001"", ""article"", ""Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", ""Journal Title"", ""CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"", 
""Content Type"", ""Copyright""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Krumbholz","2013","Krumbholz et al., 2013"
"Animals","2020-08-28","2024-07-02",NA,"10.3390/ani10091521","2025-06-16","2076-2615","9","2020-08-28","1968","1521","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","58","58","25","Increasing Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence in Domestic Pigs and Wild Boar in Bulgaria","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10091521","10","<jats:p>(1) Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a causative agent of acute viral hepatitis, predominantly transmitted by the fecal–oral route. In developed countries, HEV is considered to be an emerging pathogen since the number of autochthonous cases is rising. Hepatitis E is a viral disease with a proven zoonotic potential for some of its genotypes. The main viral reservoirs are domestic pigs and wild boar. Consumption of undercooked meat, as well as occupational exposure, are key factors for the spread of HEV. In order to evaluate the risks of future viral evolution, a detailed examination of the ecology and distribution of the virus is needed. The aim of the present study is to investigate the prevalence of anti-HEV IgG Ab in domestic pigs and wild boar in Bulgaria; (2) Methods: In this study, during the period of three years between 2017 and 2019, 433 serum samples from 19 different pig farms and 1 slaughterhouse were collected and analyzed. In addition, 32 samples from wild boar were also collected and analyzed during the 2018–2019 hunting season. All samples were analyzed by commercial indirect ELISA; (3) Results: Overall, HEV seroprevalence was 60% (95% CI 42.7–77.1) in domestic pigs and 12.5% (4/32) in wild boar. The observed seroprevalence of the slaughter-aged pigs was 73.65% (95% Cl 58.7–87.3). Prevalence in domestic pigs was significantly higher in the samples collected during 2019 (98% (95% Cl 96.1–99.9)) compared to those collected during 2017 (45.33% (95% CI 2.7–87.3)) and 2018 (38.46% (95% CI 29.1–49.7.); (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that domesticated pigs and wild boar might be the reason for the increased HEV transmission across Bulgaria. The genotypic characterization of HEV found in pigs, wild boar and humans will give a more accurate view of the zoonotic transmission of this virus.</jats:p>","Animals","list(given = c(""Katerina"", ""Tsvetoslav"", ""Ivan"", ""Zdravka"", ""Valentina"", ""Gergana""), family = c(""Takova"", ""Koynarski"", ""Minkov"", ""Ivanova"", ""Toneva"", ""Zahmanova""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"", ""Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria"", NA, ""Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"", 
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""10.1186/1746-6148-10-133"", ""10.1128/JVI.00610-12""), article.title = c(""Risk factors for hepatitis E virus infection and disease"", ""ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hepeviridae"", ""Consensus proposals for classification of the family Hepeviridae"", ""Hepatitis E virus infection"", ""Hepatitis E Virus in Wild Boars and Spillover Infection in Red and Roe Deer, Germany, 2013–2015"", ""Pig liver sausage as a source of hepatitis E virus transmission to humans"", ""Phylogenetic demonstration of hepatitis E infection transmitted by pork meat ingestion"", 
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""Presence of hepatitis E virus in a naturally infected swine herd from nursery to slaughter"", NA, ""Prevalence of hepatitis E virus in slaughter-age pigs in Scotland"", ""Comparative Pathogenesis of Infection of Pigs with Hepatitis E Viruses Recovered from a Pig and a Human"", ""Hepatitis E Virus in Wild Boar in the Central Northern Part of Italy"", ""Molecular detection of hepatitis E virus in wild boar population in eastern Romania"", NA, ""Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis E virus in pigs, wild boars, roe deer, red deer and moose in Lithuania"", 
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""Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Pigs from Southern Bulgaria"", ""Detection of hepatitis E virus in pork liver sausages"", ""Experimental infection of pigs with the newly identified swine hepatitis E virus (swine HEV), but not with human strains of HEV"", ""Long-term shedding of hepatitis E virus in the feces of pigs infected naturally, born to sows with and without maternal antibodies"", ""Hepatitis E virus chronic infection of swine co-infected with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus"", 
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""High hepatitis E virus seroprevalence in forestry workers and in wild boars in France"", ""Seroprevalence and molecular detection of hepatitis E virus in wild boar and red deer in The Netherlands"", ""Epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of hepatitis E virus infection in Bulgaria: A report on 20 patients"", ""Hepatitis E virus infection in Northeastern Bulgaria"", ""Data on the prevalence of hepatitis E virus in Bulgaria"", ""Prevalence of hepatitis E virus-specific antibodies in humans with occupational exposure to pigs"", 
""Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E virus in veterinarians working with swine and in normal blood donors in the United States and other countries"", NA, NA, ""Characterization of Hepatitis E Virus Recombinant ORF2 Proteins Expressed by Vaccinia Viruses""), volume = c(""13"", ""98"", ""95"", ""3"", ""23"", ""202"", ""49"", ""19"", ""22"", ""59"", ""48"", ""145"", ""1"", ""175"", ""146"", ""7"", ""39"", ""148"", ""132"", ""117"", NA, ""143"", ""39"", ""62"", ""65"", NA, ""60"", ""10"", ""42"", ""201"", NA, ""25"", ""37"", ""19"", ""193"", ""143"", ""82"", ""46"", ""77"", 
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""Rutjes"", ""Walachowski"", ""Pishmisheva"", ""Gorgan"", ""Adriana"", ""Lupulovic"", ""Burri"", ""Weiner"", ""Porea"", ""Porea"", ""Carpentier"", ""Rutjes"", ""Baymakova"", ""Stoykova"", ""Teoharov"", ""Krumbholz"", ""Meng"", NA, NA, ""Lorenzo""), year = c(""2015"", ""2017"", ""2014"", ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2010"", ""2015"", ""2013"", ""2016"", ""2014"", ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2010"", ""2015"", ""2008"", ""2011"", ""2008"", ""2007"", NA, ""2015"", ""2001"", ""2015"", ""2018"", NA, ""2018"", ""2018"", ""2004"", ""2012"", NA, ""2019"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""2015"", ""1998"", ""2010"", 
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""J. Clin. Microbiol."", NA, NA, ""J. Virol.""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Krog, J.S., Larsen, L.E., and Breum, S.Ø. (2019). Tracing Hepatitis E Virus in Pigs From Birth to Slaughter. Front. Vet. Sci., 6."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Rivero-Juarez, A., Risalde, M.A., Frias, M., García-Bocanegra, I., Lopez-Lopez, P., Cano-Terriza, D., Camacho, A., Jimenez-Ruiz, S., Gomez-Villamandos, J.C., and Rivero, A. (2018). Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in wild boars from Spain: A possible seasonal pattern?. BMC Vet. Res., 14."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Bruni, R., Villano, U., Equestre, M., Chionne, P., Madonna, E., Trandeva-Bankova, D., Peleva-Pishmisheva, M., Tenev, T., Cella, E., and Ciccozzi, M. (2018). Hepatitis E virus genotypes and subgenotypes causing acute hepatitis, Bulgaria, 2013–2015. PLoS ONE, 13."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Zahmanova, G.G., Mazalovska, M., Takova, K.H., Toneva, V.T., Minkov, I.N., Mardanova, E.S., Ravin, N.V., and Lomonossoff, G.P. (2020). Rapid High-Yield Transient Expression of Swine Hepatitis E ORF2 Capsid Proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana Plants and Production of Chimeric Hepatitis E Virus-Like Particles Bearing the M2e Influenza Epitope. Plants, 9."", 
""Ponterio, E., Di Bartolo, I., Orrù, G., Liciardi, M., Ostanello, F., and Ruggeri, F.M. (2014). Detection of serum antibodies to hepatitis E virus in domestic pigs in Italy using a recombinant swine HEV capsid protein. BMC Vet. Res., 10."", NA))","ani10091521","2020-08-28","en","list(DOI = c(""10.13039/100010661"", ""10.13039/501100003336""), name = c(""Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"", ""Bulgarian National Science Fund""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher""), award = c(""PlantaSYST 739582"", ""DNTC/Russia 02-6""), id.id = c(""10.13039/100010661"", ""10.13039/501100003336""), id.id.type = c(""DOI"", ""DOI""), id.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", ""publisher""))","list(date = ""2020-08-28"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Takova","2020","Takova et al., 2020"
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""10.4315/0362-028X-64.4.538"", ""10.1086/381598"", NA, ""10.1080/01652176.1994.9694450"", NA, ""10.4315/0362-028X-63.12.1654"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-61.12.1609"", ""10.1046/j.1365-2672.1998.00397.x"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-69.4.928"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-65.8.1326"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-66.9.1720"", ""10.1017/S0950268803008355"", ""10.1016/S0168-1605(99)00015-X"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-65.11.1712"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.12.007"", ""10.1017/S0950268802007914"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-62.7.735"", ""10.1016/0168-1605(96)01166-X"", 
""10.4315/0362-028X-66.4.652""), volume = c(""31"", ""70"", ""32"", ""44"", ""58"", ""72"", ""64"", ""38"", ""19"", ""4"", NA, ""63"", ""61"", ""84"", ""69"", ""65"", ""66"", ""130"", ""47"", ""65"", ""108"", ""130"", ""62"", ""33"", ""66""), author = c(""F Allerberger"", ""S Bhaduri"", ""E Berndtson"", ""LC Blankenship"", ""FL Bryan"", ""C Dominguez"", ""J Dufrenne"", ""CR Friedman"", ""G Giacoboni"", ""WF Jacobs-Reitsma"", NA, ""JM Kramer"", ""A Lee"", ""RH Madden"", ""RJ Meldrum"", ""JE Moore"", ""MT Musgrove"", ""J Neimann"", ""K Ono"", ""P Padungtod"", ""H Rosenquist"", ""NJ Stern"", 
""M Uyttendaele"", ""F Zanetti"", ""T Zhao""), year = c(""2003"", ""2004"", ""1996"", ""1982"", ""1995"", ""2002"", ""2001"", ""2004"", ""1999"", ""1994"", NA, ""2000"", ""1998"", ""1998"", ""2006"", ""2002"", ""2003"", ""2003"", ""1999"", ""2002"", ""2006"", ""2003"", ""1999"", ""1996"", ""2003""), unstructured = c(""Allerberger F, Al-Jazrewi N, Kreidl P, Dierich MP, Feierl G, Hein I, Wagner M (2003) Barbequed chicken causing a multi-state outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni enteritis. Infection 31:19–23"", ""Bhaduri S, Cottrell B (2004) Survival of cold-stressed Campylobacter jejuni on ground chicken and chicken skin during frozen storage. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:7103–7109"", 
""Berndtson E, Danielsson-Tham ML, Engvall A (1996) Campylobacter incidence on a chicken farm and the spreads of Campylobacter during the slaughter process. Int J Food Microbiol 32:35–47"", ""Blankenship LC, Craven SE (1982) Campylobacter jejuni survival in chicken meat as a function of temperature. Appl Environ Microbiol 44:88–92"", ""Bryan FL, Doyle P (1995) Health risk and consequences of Salmonella and Campylobacter jejuni in raw poultry. J Food Prot 58:326–344"", ""Dominguez C, Gomez I, Zumalacarregui J (2002) Prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter in retail chicken meat in Spain. Int J Food Microbiol 72:165–168"", 
""Dufrenne J, Ritmeerster W, Delfgou-van Asch E, van Leusden F, de Jonge R (2001) Quantification of the contamination of chicken and chicken products in the Netherlands with Salmonella and Campylobacter. J Food Prot 64:538–541"", ""Friedman CR, Hoekstra RM, Samuel M, Marcus R, Bender J, Shiferaw B, Reddy S, Ahuja SD, Helfrick DL, Hardnett F, Carter M, Anderson B, Tauxe RV (2004) Risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infection in the United States: a case-control study in FoodNet sites. Clin Infect Dis 38:285–296"", 
""Giacoboni G, Puchuri MC, Cerda R (1999) Thermotolerant Campylobacter in carcasses and retail poultry parts from different market places in La Plata city (Argentina). Analecta Vet 19:51–54"", ""Jacobs-Reitsma WF, Koenraad PM, Bolder NM, Mulder RW (1994) In vitro susceptibility of Campylobacter and Salmonella isolates from broilers to quinolones, ampicillin, tetracycline and erythromycin. Vet Qart 4:206–208"", ""Jacobs-Reitsma W (2000) Campylobacter in the food supply. In: Nachamkin I, Blaser MJ (eds) Campylobacter, 2nd edn. Am Soc Microbiol, Washington, D.C. pp 211–138"", 
""Kramer JM, Frost JA, Bolton FJ, Wareing DR (2000) Campylobacter contamination of raw meat and poultry at retail sale: identification of multiple types and comparison with isolates from human infection. J Food Prot 63:1654–1659"", ""Lee A, Smith SC, Coloe PJ (1998) Survival and growth of Campylobacter jejuni after artifical inoculation onto chicken skin as a function of temperature and packaging conditions. J Food Prot 61:1609–1614"", ""Madden RH, Moran L, Scates P (1998) Frequency of occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in red meats and poultry in Northern Ireland and their subsequent subtyping using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and the random amplified polymorphic DNA method. J Appl Microbiol 84:703–708"", 
""Meldrum RJ, Smith RMM, Wilson IG (2006) Three-year surveillance program examining the prevalence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in whole retail raw chicken. J Food Prot 69:928–931"", ""Moore JE, Wilson TS, Wareing DR, Humphrey TJ, Murphy G (2002) Prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter in ready-to-eat foods and raw poultry in Northern Ireland. J Food Prot 65:1326–1328"", ""Musgrove MT, Cox NA, Berrang ME, Harrison MA (2003) Comparison of weep and carcass rinses for recovery of Campylobacter from retail broiler carcasses. J Food Prot 66:1720–1723"", 
""Neimann J, Engberg J, Molbak K, Wegener HC (2003) A case-control study of risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infections in Denmark. Epidemiol Infect 130: 353–356"", ""Ono K, Yamamoto K (1999) Contamination of meat with Campylobacter jejuni in Saitama, Japan. Int J Food Microbiol 47:211–219"", ""Padungtod P, Hanson R, Wilson DL, Bell J, Linz JE, Kaneene JB (2002) Identification of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from cloacal and carcass swabs of chickens in Thailand by a 5′ nuclease fluorogenic polimerase chane reaction assay. J Food Prot 65:1712–1716"", 
""Rosenquist H, Sommer HM, Nielsen NL, Christensen BB (2006) The effect of slaughter operations on the contamination of chicken carcasses with thermotolerant Campyolobacter. Int J Food Microbiol 108:226–232"", ""Stern NJ, Hiett KL, Alfredsson GA, Kristinsson KG, Reiersen J, Hardadottir H, Briem H, Gunnarsson E, Georgsson F, Lowman R, Lammerding AM, Paoli GM, Musgrove MT (2003) Campylobacter spp. in Icelandic poultry operations and human disease. Epidemiol Infect 130:23–32"", ""Uyttendaele M, Troy PD, Debevere J (1999) Incidence of Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli and Listeria monocytogenes in poultry carcasses and different types of poultry products for sale on the Belgian retail market. J Food Prot 62:735–740"", 
""Zanetti F, Varoli O, Stampi S, Luca GD (1996) Prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter and Arcobacter butzleri in food of animal origin. Int J Food Microbiol 33:315–321"", ""Zhao T, Ezeike OI, Doyle MP, Hung Y-C, Howell RS (2003) Reduction of Campylobacter jejuni on poultry by low-temperature treatment. J Food Prot 66:652–655""), journal.title = c(""Infection"", ""Appl Environ Microbiol"", ""Int J Food Microbiol"", ""Appl Environ Microbiol"", ""J Food Prot"", ""Int J Food Microbiol"", ""J Food Prot"", ""Clin Infect Dis"", 
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""Scientific opinion on Campylobacter in broiler meat production: control options and performance objectives and/or targets at different stages of the food chain"", ""The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2009"", ""The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2011"", ""The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2011"", 
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""High occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in Latvian broiler chicken production"", ""Evidence of broiler meat contamination with post-disinfection strains of Campylobacter jejuni from slaughterhouse"", ""Does Campylobacter jejuni infection elicit axonal or demyelinating Guillain–Barré syndrome, or both?"", ""The occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in Estonian broiler chicken production in 2002–2007"", ""Campylobacters: the most common bacterial enteropathogens in the Nordic countries"", ""The effect of Campylobacter numbers in ceaca on the contamination of broiler carcasses with Campylobacter"", 
""Prevalence of Campylobacter in raw chicken meat of Estonian origin"", ""Campylobacter contamination in retail poultry meats and by-products in the world: a literature survey"", ""Colony multiplex PCR assay for identification and differentiation of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, C. upsaliensis, and C. fetus subsp. fetus""), volume = c(""113"", ""103"", ""72"", NA, ""8"", ""9"", ""9"", ""11"", ""12"", NA, ""28"", ""15"", ""27"", ""117"", NA, NA, ""76"", ""25"", ""29"", ""145"", ""82"", ""21"", ""32"", ""127"", ""56"", ""71"", ""40""), author = c(""Allen"", 
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"Foods","2019-03-27","2024-06-16",NA,"10.3390/foods8030111","2025-04-17","2304-8158","3","2019-03-26","1968","111","10.3390","MDPI AG","1","Crossref","50","50","51","Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Poultry in Three Spanish Farms, A Slaughterhouse and A Further Processing Plant","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8030111","8","<jats:p>The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in a selection of poultry flocks and the corresponding broiler carcasses as well as the possible impact of contamination during slaughter and processing. Samples of the same flock at different ages in three farms (A, B and C) were taken for the determination of Campylobacter spp. The same broiler flocks were examined at different stages of one slaughterhouse and at a further processing plant. The slaughterhouse environment and processing equipment were sampled. Campylobacter spp. was not detected in 7 and 14-day-old broilers in any of the three farms studied. However, Campylobacter spp. was detected in 35 and 42-day-old broilers at two farms (Farm A and B). This pathogen was detected in both dirty and clean transport crates, in scalding water, and on the defeathering machine and the working table at the end of the working day, but not at the beginning. After defeathering, Campylobacter spp. was detected in all of the sampled carcasses. Campylobacter spp. was detected in all of the carcasses and the poultry meat portion samples from Farm C, although it was not detected at the farm level. This suggests that Campylobacter spp. infected flocks may be a source of these bacteria in the corresponding carcasses, but a cross-contamination during the transportation and slaughter process is also very important.</jats:p>","Foods","list(given = c(""Iratxe"", ""Elena""), family = c(""Perez-Arnedo"", ""Gonzalez-Fandos""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Food Technology Department, CIVA Research Center, University of La Rioja, 26006 La Rioja, Spain"", ""Food Technology Department, CIVA Research Center, University of La Rioja, 26006 La Rioja, Spain""))","list(URL = ""https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/8/3/111/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""ref_1"", ""ref_2"", ""ref_3"", ""ref_4"", ""ref_5"", ""ref_6"", ""ref_7"", ""ref_8"", ""ref_9"", ""ref_10"", ""ref_11"", ""ref_12"", ""ref_13"", ""ref_14"", ""ref_15"", ""ref_16"", ""ref_17"", ""ref_18"", ""ref_19"", ""ref_20"", ""ref_21"", ""ref_22"", ""ref_23"", ""ref_24"", ""ref_25"", ""ref_26"", ""ref_27"", ""ref_28"", ""ref_29"", ""ref_30"", ""ref_31"", ""ref_32"", ""ref_33"", ""ref_34"", ""ref_35"", ""ref_36"", ""ref_37"", ""ref_38"", ""ref_39"", ""ref_40"", ""ref_41"", ""ref_42"", ""ref_43"", ""ref_44"", ""ref_45"", ""ref_46"", ""ref_47"", ""ref_48"", ""ref_49"", ""ref_50""
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NA, NA, NA, ""Sheppard, S.K. (2014). Epidemiology and control of Campylobacter in modern broiler production. Campylobacter Ecology and Evolution, Caister Academic Press."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), DOI = c(""10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5500"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2105"", ""10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01358.x"", ""10.1017/S0950268812000982"", ""10.1016/j.sste.2012.06.001"", ""10.1111/1541-4337.12124"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2017.5077"", ""10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1503"", 
""10.1017/S0950268812000040"", NA, ""10.1111/jfpp.12637"", NA, ""10.1128/AEM.72.1.645-652.2006"", ""10.1128/AEM.69.8.4343-4351.2003"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.11.003"", ""10.1128/AEM.01388-10"", ""10.2307/1592708"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.06.018"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2003.09.003"", ""10.3382/ps.2008-00132"", ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02781.x"", ""10.1111/j.1472-765X.2005.01751.x"", ""10.1017/S0950268802006830"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.01.006"", ""10.1016/j.fm.2016.11.018"", ""10.1017/S0950268898008899"", NA, 
""10.1016/S0168-1605(99)00015-X"", ""10.1089/fpd.2008.0247"", ""10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01267.x"", ""10.1128/AEM.67.6.2636-2640.2001"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.07.011"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.03.030"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.11.004"", ""10.1016/j.fm.2015.03.007"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.06.024"", ""10.1515/pjvs-2015-0013"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-49.11.895"", ""10.1108/00070709210007746"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.07.024"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-64.6.770"", ""10.1007/s00284-014-0575-y"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-69.2.425"", 
""10.4315/0362-028X-67.2.235"", ""10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.03.010"", ""10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.11.011"", ""10.1093/ps/86.6.1241"", ""10.1016/0168-1605(96)01102-6"", ""10.1016/j.fm.2016.10.028"", ""10.1016/j.fm.2010.11.003""), first.page = c(NA, NA, ""96S"", ""1725"", ""311"", ""81"", NA, NA, ""2233"", ""171"", ""593"", NA, ""645"", ""4343"", ""475"", ""98"", ""732"", ""116"", ""35"", ""1987"", ""306"", ""280"", ""383"", ""237"", ""1"", ""57"", NA, ""211"", ""755"", ""e81"", ""2636"", ""54"", ""188"", ""25"", ""97"", ""116"", ""101"", ""895"", ""21"", ""128"", ""770"", ""240"", ""425"", 
""235"", ""26"", ""279"", ""1241"", ""35"", ""232"", ""862""), article.title = c(NA, NA, ""Poultry as a source of Campylobacter and related organisms"", ""Investigation of prevalence and risk factors for Campylobacter in broiler flocks at slaughter: Results from a UK survey"", ""The effect of presence of infected neighbouring farms for the Campylobacter infection status in Danish broiler farms"", ""Thermotolerant Campylobacter during Broiler Rearing: Risk Factors and Intervention"", NA, NA, ""The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks y on broiler carcasses y the risk associated with highly contaminated carcasses"", 
""Effect of propionic acid on Campylobacter jejuni attached to chicken skin during refrigerated storage"", ""Effect of malic acid on Campylobacter jejuni attached to chicken skin during refrigerated storage"", NA, ""Sources of Campylobacter spp. colonizing housed broiler flocks during rearing"", ""Sources of Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens"", ""Prevalence y risk factors associated with Campylobacter infections in broiler flocks in Shiraz, southern Iran"", ""Longitudinal molecular epidemiological study of thermophilic campylobacters on one conventional broiler chicken farm"", 
""Shedding and colonization of Campylobacter jejuni in broilers from day-of-hatch to slaughter age"", ""The effects of Campylobacter numbers in caeca on the contamination of broiler carcasses with Campylobacter"", ""Risk factors for the presence of Campylobacter spp. in Dutch broiler flocks"", ""Risk factors associated with the presence of Campylobacter species in Norwegian broiler flocks"", ""Use of systematic review to assist the development of Campylobacter control strategies in broilers"", ""No association between partial depopulation and Campylobacter spp. colonization of Dutch broiler flocks"", 
""The seasonal distribution of Campylobacter infection in nine European countries and New Zealand"", ""Campylobacters as zoonotic pathogens: A food production perspective"", ""Evaluating and improving terminal hygiene practices on broiler farms to prevent Campylobacter cross-contamination between flocks"", ""Reduction of Campylobacter infections in broiler flocks by application of hygiene measures"", NA, ""Contamination of meat with Campylobacter jejuni in Saitama, Japan"", ""Novel approaches for Campylobacter control in poultry"", 
""Campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks at farm level and the potential for cross-contamination during slaughter"", ""Changes in the carriage of Campylobacter strains by poultry carcasses during processing in abattoirs"", ""Campylobacter spp. contamination of chicken carcasses during processing in relation to flock colonization"", ""Recovery of Campylobacter jejuni from surfaces of poultry slaughterhouses after cleaning and disinfection procedures: Analysis of a potential source of carcass contamination"", 
""Campylobacter carcass contamination throughout the slaughter process of Campylobacter-positive broiler batches"", ""Campylobacter jejuni contamination of broiler carcasses: Population dynamics and genetic profiles at slaughterhouse level"", ""Evidence of broiler meat contamination with post-disinfection strains of Campylobacter jejuni from slaughterhouse"", ""Poultry flocks as a source of Campylobacter contamination of broiler carcasses"", ""Campylobacter jejuni infection on poultry farms and its effect on poultry meat contamination during slaughtering"", 
""Campylobacter jejuni: Some aspects of epidemiology, detection and control"", ""Quantitative effects of in-line operations on Campylobacter and Escherichia coli through two Australian broiler processing plants"", ""Survival y death of Salmonella typhimurium and Campylobacter jejuni in processing water y on chicken skin during poultry scalding and chilling"", ""Influence of process parameter on Campylobacter spp. Counts on poultry meat in a slaughterhouse environment"", ""Application of distilled white vinegar in the cloaca to counter the increase in Campylobacter numbers on broiler skin during feather removal"", 
""Effect of intestinal content contamination on broiler carcass Campylobacter counts"", ""Identification of risk factors for Campylobacter contamination levels on broiler carcasses during the slaughter process"", ""Variation in Campylobacter distribution on different sites of broiler carcasses"", ""Effect of external or internal fecal contamination on numbers of bacteria on prechilled broiler carcasses"", ""Campylobacter incidence on a chicken farm and the spread of Campylobacter during the slaughter process"", 
""Prevalence and quantification of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. In Italian retail poultry meat: Analysis of influencing factors"", ""Campylobacter contamination of broiler caeca and carcasses at the slaughterhouse and correlation with Salmonella contamination""), volume = c(NA, NA, ""90"", ""140"", ""3"", ""14"", NA, NA, ""140"", ""18"", ""40"", NA, ""72"", ""69"", ""144"", ""77"", ""42"", ""127"", ""62"", ""87"", ""100"", ""4"", ""128"", ""117"", ""64"", ""121"", NA, ""47"", ""6"", ""57"", ""67"", ""113"", ""124"", ""194"", ""50"", ""145"", ""18"", ""49"", ""94"", 
""188"", ""64"", ""69"", ""69"", ""67"", ""226"", ""32"", ""86"", ""32"", ""62"", ""28""), author = c(NA, NA, ""Corry"", ""Lawes"", ""Chowdhury"", ""Robyn"", NA, NA, ""Powell"", ""Maya"", ""Maya"", NA, ""Bull"", ""Newell"", ""Hosseinzadeh"", ""Ridley"", ""Achen"", ""Reich"", ""Bouwknegt"", ""Lyngstad"", ""Adkin"", ""Russa"", ""Nylen"", ""Humphrey"", ""Battersby"", ""Tilburg"", NA, ""Ono"", ""Lin"", ""Ellerbroek"", ""Newell"", ""Allen"", ""Peyrat"", ""Seliwiorstow"", ""Gruntar"", ""Kudirkiene"", ""Wieczorek"", ""Genigoergis"", ""Humphrey"", ""Duffy"", ""Yang"", ""Lehner"", ""Berrang"", ""Berrang"", 
""Seliwiorstow"", ""Bare"", ""Smith"", ""Berndtson"", ""Stella"", ""Hue""), year = c(NA, NA, ""2001"", ""2012"", ""2012"", ""2015"", NA, NA, ""2012"", ""2015"", ""2016"", NA, ""2006"", ""2003"", ""2011"", ""2011"", ""1998"", ""2008"", ""2004"", ""2008"", ""2006"", ""2005"", ""2002"", ""2007"", ""2017"", ""1998"", NA, ""1999"", ""2009"", ""2010"", ""2001"", ""2007"", ""2008"", ""2015"", ""2015"", ""2011"", ""2015"", ""1986"", ""1992"", ""2014"", ""2001"", ""2014"", ""2006"", ""2004"", ""2016"", ""2013"", ""2007"", ""1996"", ""2017"", ""2011""), journal.title = c(NA, NA, ""J. Appl. Microbiol. Symp. Suppl."", 
""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Spatial Spatio-temporal Epidemiol."", ""Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf."", NA, NA, ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Int. Microbiol."", ""J. Food Process. Preserv."", NA, ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Avian Dis."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Poult. Sci."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Lett. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Food Microbiol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", 
NA, ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Foodborne Pathogens Dis."", ""Zoonoses Public Health"", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Food Microbiol."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Pol. J Vet. Sci."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Br. Food J."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Curr. Microbiol."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Food Control."", ""Poult. Sci."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Food Microbiol."", ""Food Microbiol.""
))","foods8030111","2019-03-26","en","list(name = ""University of La Rioa"", award = ""REGI2018/06"")","list(date = ""2019-03-26"", content.version = ""vor"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Perez-Arnedo","2019","Perez-Arnedo et al., 2019"
"Journal of Food Protection","2016-12-01","2023-02-14","2009-09","10.4315/0362-028x-72.9.1830","2024-06-10","0362-028X","9","2009-09","78","1830-1835","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","59","59","33","Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Raw Retail Poultry on Sale in Northern Ireland","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-72.9.1830","72",NA,"Journal of Food Protection","list(given = c(""Lynn"", ""Pam"", ""Robert H.""), family = c(""Moran"", ""Scates"", ""Madden""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0362028X22004793?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0362028X22004793?httpAccept=text/plain"", ""http://meridian.allenpress.com/jfp/article-pdf/72/9/1830/1681878/0362-028x-72_9_1830.pdf"", ""http://meridian.allenpress.com/jfp/article-pdf/72/9/1830/1681878/0362-028x-72_9_1830.pdf""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain"", ""application/pdf"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", 
""text-mining"", ""syndication"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""p_1"", ""p_2"", ""p_3"", ""p_4"", ""p_5"", ""p_6"", ""p_7"", ""p_8"", ""p_9"", ""p_10"", ""p_11"", ""p_12"", ""p_13"", ""p_14"", ""p_15"", ""p_16"", ""p_17"", ""p_18"", ""p_19"", ""p_20"", ""p_21"", ""p_22"", ""p_23"", ""p_24"", ""p_25"", ""p_26"", ""p_27"", ""p_28"", ""p_29"", ""p_30"", ""p_31"", ""p_32"", ""p_33"", ""p_35"", ""p_36"", ""p_37"", ""p_38"", ""p_39"", ""p_40"", ""p_42"", ""p_43"", ""p_44"", ""p_45"", ""p_46"", ""p_47"", ""p_48"", ""p_49"", ""p_50"", ""p_51"", ""p_52"", ""p_53"", ""p_54"", ""p_55"", ""p_56"", ""p_57"", ""p_58"", ""p_59"", ""p_60"", ""p_61""), volume.title = c(""UK-wide survey of Salmonella and campylobacter contamination of fresh and frozen chicken on retail sale"", 
""Second report on Campylobacter. Advisory Committee on the Microbiological Safety of Food"", ""Strategic plan 2005-2010. Putting consumers first"", NA, ""Trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and antimicrobial resistance in the European Union"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(""Anonymous"", ""Anonymous"", 
""Anonymous"", ""Anonymous"", ""Anonymous"", ""Atanassova V."", ""Bastyns K."", ""Bohaychuk V. M."", ""Bolton F. J."", ""Bolton F. J."", ""Eifert J. D."", ""Elson R."", ""Engberg J."", ""Forbes K. J."", ""Gellynck X."", ""Ghafir Y."", ""Gormley F. J."", ""Habib I."", ""Hamedy A."", ""Harrington C. S."", ""Harrington C. S."", ""Houf K."", ""Humphrey T."", ""Kokotovic B."", ""Kramer J. M."", ""Lindmark H."", ""Little C. L."", ""Madden R. H."", ""Manning L."", ""McCrea B. A."", ""Meldrum R. J."", ""Moore J. E."", ""Moran L."", ""Newell D. G."", ""Normand V."", ""On S. L. W."", 
""On S. L. W."", ""Oyarzabal O. A."", ""Pacha R. E."", ""Pearson A. D."", ""Phillips C. A."", ""Pointon A."", ""Renz V."", ""Richardson J. F."", ""Rönner A."", ""Sallam K. I."", ""Savaşçi M."", ""Scates P. J."", ""Steinhauserova I."", NA, ""Uyttendaele M."", ""Vandamme P."", ""Wang G."", ""Wareing D. R. A."", ""Wesley I. V."", ""Whyte P."", ""Willis W. L."", ""Wright S. L."", ""Zhao C.""), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, ""2006"", NA, ""141"", ""353"", ""2176"", ""677"", ""760"", ""1898"", ""499"", ""286"", ""111"", ""479"", ""111"", ""383"", ""5483"", ""121"", ""1171"", ""2836"", 
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""2003"", ""2001"", NA, ""1999"", ""1991"", ""2002"", ""2002"", ""2005"", ""2004"", ""1997"", ""2008"", ""2001""), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, ""BS EN ISO"", NA, ""FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol."", ""Syst. Appl. Microbiol."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Poult. Sci."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Food Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Fleischwirtschaft"", ""Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", 
""FEMS Microbiol. Lett."", ""Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""FEMS Microbiol. Lett."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Int. J. Environ. Health Res."", ""J. Microbiol. Methods"", ""Br. Food J."", ""Poult. Sci."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Lett. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Can. J. Vet. Res."", ""Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol."", ""FEMS Microbiol. Lett."", ""J. Microbiol. Methods"", ""Can. J. Microbiol."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Technol."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Arch. Lebensmittelhyg."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", 
""Sweden. Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Japan. Food Control"", ""J. Food Saf."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", NA, ""J. Food Prot."", ""Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Ireland. Int. J. Food Microbiol."", ""Poult. Sci."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol.""), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", 
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""Risk factors for the presence of Campylobacter spp. in Dutch broiler flocks"", ""La puissance en épidémiologie"", ""Risk factors for Campylobacter spp. infection in Senegalese broiler-chicken flocks"", ""Campylobacter contamination in French chicken production from farm to consumers. Use of a PCR assay for detection and identification of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli"", ""An overview of techniques for dealing with large numbers of independent variables in epidemiologic studies"", ""Sampling"", ""A longitudinal study of Campylobacter infection of broiler flocks in Great Britain"", 
""Epidemiological study of Campylobacter spp. in broilers: source, time of colonization, and prevalence"", ""Thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in Danish broiler production: a cross-sectional survey and a retrospective analysis risk factors for occurence in broiler flocks"", ""Role of batch depletion of broiler houses on the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in chicken flocks"", ""Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of thermophilic Campylobacter in organic and conventional broiler flocks"", ""Cecal carriage of Campylobacter and Salmonella in Dutch broiler flocks at slaughter: a one year-study"", 
""Epidemiology of Campylobacter spp. at two Dutch broiler farms"", ""Risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infections: results of a case-control study in south-eastern Norway"", ""Epidemiological investigation of risk factors of Campylobacter colonisation in Norwegian broiler flocks"", ""Log likelihood for binomial data"", ""Effect of changes in processing to improve hygiene control on contamination of poultry carcasses with Campylobacter"", ""Prevalence and comparison of genetic profiles of Campylobacter strains isolated from poultry and sporadic cases of campylobacteriosis in humans"", 
""Sources of Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens"", ""Distribution of serotypes of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli from Danish patients, poultry, cattle and swine"", NA, ""Effects of climate on incidence of Campylobacter spp. in humans and prevalence in broiler flocks in Denmark"", ""Continuous source outbreak of campylobacteriosis traced to chicken"", ""Prevalence of Campylobacters in chicken flocks during the summer of 1999 in Finland"", ""Risk factors for Campylobacter spp. contamination in French broiler-chicken flocks at the end of the rearing period"", 
NA, NA, ""Campylobacter jejuni in broilers: the role of vertical transmission"", ""Sequential spread of Campylobacter infection in a multi-pen broiler house"", ""The carry-over of Campylobacter isolates between sequential poultry flocks"", ""Epidemiological study on risk factors and risk reducing measures for Campylobacter infections in Dutch broiler flocks"", ""Reduction of Campylobacter infections in broiler flocks by application of hygiene measures"", ""Pre-harvest surveillance of Campylobacter and Salmonella in Danish broiler flocks: a 2-years study""
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""Incidence and ecology of Campylobacter jejuni and coli in animals"", ""Human Campylobacteriosis: a challenge for the veterinary profession"", ""Campylobacter jejuni infections: update on emerging issues and trends"", ""Description and sources of contamination by Campylobacter spp. of river water destined for human consumption in Brittany, France"", ""Analysis of the baseline survey on the prevalence of Campylobacter in broiler batches and of Campylobacter and Salmonella on broiler carcasses, in the EU, 2008—Part B: Analysis of factors associated with Campylobacter colonisation of broiler batches and with Campylobacter contamination of broiler carcasses; and investigation of the culture method diagnostic characteristics used to analyse broiler carcass samples"", 
""Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Retail Chicken, Turkey, Pork, and Beef Meat in Poland between 2009 and 2013"", ""Prevalence and pattern of antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter spp. in poultry meat in Southern Italy"", ""Prevalence, molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of thermophilic Campylobacter isolates from cattle, hens, broilers and broiler meat in southeastern Italy"", ""Thermotolerant Campylobacter in poultry meat marketed in the Abruzzo and Molise regions of Italy: prevalence and contamination levels"", 
""Tamburro MPrevalence and biomolecular characterization of Campylobacter spp. isolated from retail meat"", ""Prevalence, phenothypic and genetic diversity of Campylobacter in fresh poultry meat and poultry products on retail sale in Tuscany Italy) Vet It"", ""Prevalence and quantification of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in Italian retail poultry meat: Analysis of influencing factors"", ""A five-year study on prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter from poultry carcasses in Poland"", 
""Population Diversity of Campylobacter jejuni in Poultry and Its Dynamic of Contamination in Chicken Meat"", ""Trend analysis of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from Belgian pork and poultry meat products using surveillance data of 2004–2009"", ""Whole-genome sequencing of gentamicin-resistant Campylobacter coli isolated from U.S. retail meats reveals novel plasmid-mediated aminoglycoside resistance genes"", ""Antimicrobial resistance genotypes and phenotypes of Campylobacter jejuni isolated in Italy from humans, birds from wild and urban habitats, and poultry"", 
""A meta-analysis on the effects of antibiotic treatment on duration of symptoms caused by infection with Campylobacter species"", ""The European Union summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2017"", ""Prevalence, geneticdiversity, and antibiotic resistance patterns ofCampylobacter jejunifrom retailraw chickens in Korea"", ""Genotyping of Campylobacter coli isolated from humans and retail meats using multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis"", 
""Molecular typing of Campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from commercial broilers in Puerto Rico"", ""Multilocus sequence typing system forCampylobacter jejuni"", ""Discrimination of Campylobacter jejuni isolates by fla gene sequencing"", NA, NA, NA, ""Colony multiplex PCR assay for identification and differentiation of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, C. upsaliensis, and C. fetus subsp. fetus"", NA, ""New approaches in genome analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: application to the analysis of Pseudomonas species"", 
""Flagellin gene typing of Campylobacter jejuni by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis"", ""Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0"", NA, NA, ""Campylobacteriosis: the role of poultry meat"", ""Microbiology Survey to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter and Salmonella on raw chicken at retail Salein Ireland in 2011 (11NS2)"", ""Prevalence and counts of Campylobacter spp. in poultry meat at retaillevel in Estonia"", ""Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Raw Retail Poultry on Sale in Northern Ireland"", 
""Scientific Opinion on Campylobacter in broiler meat production: control options and performance objectives and/or targets at different stages of the food chain"", ""Prevalence of Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Serovars in Retail Chicken, Turkey, Pork, and Beef from the Greater Washington, D.C., Area Appl and envirhonm microbiol"", ""Occurrence of Campylobacter in retail foods in Ireland"", ""Occurrence of Campylobacter in raw chicken and beef from retail outlets in São Paulo, Brazil"", 
""A Higher Prevalence Rate of Campylobacter in Retail Beef Livers Compared to Other Beef and Pork Meat Cuts"", ""Characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter isolated from pig and cattle carcasses in Poland"", ""Epidemiology of antimicrobial resistant Campylobacter spp. isolated from retail meats in Canada"", ""Prevalence, numbers, and subtypes of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in uncooked retail meat samples"", ""The European Union Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic Agents and Food-borne Outbreaks in 2015"", 
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""Antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter: emergence, transmission and persistence Future Microbiol"", ""Macrolide resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli"", ""Comparison of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from human, food, veterinary and environmental sources in Iceland using PFGE, MLST and fla-SVR sequencing"", ""Source Attribution of Human Campylobacter Isolates by MLST and Fla-Typing and Association of Genotypes with Quinolone Resistance"", NA, ""Principles and applications of methods for DNA-based typing of microbial organisms"", 
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""Determinants of farmers’ adoption of management-based strategies for infectious disease prevention and control"", ""Framing bovine tuberculosis: a ‘political ecology of health’ approach to circulation of knowledge(s) about animal disease control"", ""Performativity and a microbe: exploring Mycobacterium bovis and the political ecologies of bovine tuberculosis"", NA, ""Disease metaphors in new epidemics: the UK media framing of the 2003 SARS epidemic"", ""Farmer attitudes to vaccination and culling of badgers in controlling bovine tuberculosis"", 
""Framing COVID-19: How we conceptualize and discuss the pandemic on Twitter"", ""Identity, positionality and reflexivity: relevance and application to research paramedics"", NA), volume = c(""63"", ""5"", ""100"", NA, ""51"", ""12"", NA, ""33"", ""11"", ""176"", NA, ""52"", NA, NA, ""4"", ""176"", ""9"", ""4"", ""124"", ""93"", ""33"", ""46"", ""43"", ""12"", NA, ""190"", ""95"", ""11"", ""184"", ""5"", ""60"", ""6"", ""19"", ""36"", ""112"", ""46"", ""21"", ""212"", ""42"", ""11"", ""112"", ""200"", ""100"", ""183"", ""14"", NA, ""60"", ""173"", ""15"", ""7"", NA), author = c(""Alders"", 
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""Warren"", ""Wicke"", ""Wilson"", ""Wimmer""), year = c(""2007"", ""2018"", ""2011"", NA, ""2023"", ""2017"", NA, ""2012"", ""2016"", ""2020"", NA, ""2012"", ""2004"", ""2011"", ""2017"", ""2020"", ""2022"", ""2019"", ""2019"", ""2010"", ""2008"", ""2014"", ""1993"", ""2016"", ""2009"", ""2020"", ""1989"", ""2009"", ""2019"", ""2018"", ""2020"", ""2019"", ""2021"", ""2014"", ""2006"", ""2014"", ""2004"", ""2016"", ""2015"", ""2016"", ""2006"", ""2018"", ""2017"", ""2017"", ""2019"", ""1987"", ""2005"", ""2013"", ""2020"", ""2022"", ""2014""), journal.title = c(""World's Poult. Sci. J."", ""Front. Vet. Sci."", 
""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, ""Am. Polit. Res."", ""PLoS One"", NA, ""Political Psychol."", ""PLoS One"", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, ""Sociol. Rural."", NA, NA, ""Front. Vet. Sci."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Front. Vet. Sci."", ""Front. Vet. Sci."", ""Res. Vet. Sci."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Trans. Inst. Br. Geogr."", ""Environ. Plan. A"", ""J. Commun."", ""Evid. Policy"", NA, ""Environ. Res."", ""Am. J. Sociol."", ""Br. J. Polit. Int. Relat."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Front. Vet. Sci."", ""Sociol. Rural."", ""Front. Vet. Sci."", ""EFSA J."", ""Int. J. Rural Stud."", 
""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Area"", ""Agric. Human. Values"", ""Vet. J."", ""Adm. Policy Ment. Health"", ""PLoS One"", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Soc. Sci. Med."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""Geogr. J."", ""Biosocieties"", NA, ""Soc. Sci. Med."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""PLoS One"", ""Br. Paramed. J."", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Anonymous, 2022. Ministry of Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación (MAPA), Spain. Programa Nacional de Erradicación de Tuberculosis Bovina (Infección por el complejo Mycobacterium tuberculosis) presentado por España. 〈https://www.mapa.gob.es/es/ganaderia/temas/sanidad-animal-higiene-ganadera/spainmtceradicationprogramme2022–2030final_tcm30–619674.pdf〉 (accessed 7 July 2023)."", 
NA, NA, ""Boschiroli, M.L., and Bénet, J.-J., 2014. Bovine tuberculosis eradication in France. In: Zoonotic tuberculosis: mycobacterium bovis and other pathogenic mycobacteria, pp. 341–347. https://doi-org.are.uab.cat/10.1002/9781118474310.ch29."", NA, NA, NA, ""Capdevila, A.; Moragas-Fernández, C.M.; Ciaravino, G.; Espluga, J.; Allepuz, A.; Vergne, T. (2022, October 19–22) Public debates on the eradication of bovine tuberculosis: topics, actors and metaphors in Spain and France, 2018–2020 [Paper presentation]. ECREA 9th European Communication Conference, Aarhus, Denmark."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Corpus Approaches to Critical Metaphor Analysis"", ""Politicians and Rhetoric: The Persuasive Power of Metaphor"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""An Introduction to Qualitative Research"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
""Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Mass Media Research: An Introduction""))","S0167587723002106",NA,"en","list(DOI = ""10.13039/501100008530"", name = ""European Regional Development Fund"", doi.asserted.by = ""publisher"", id.id = ""10.13039/501100008530"", id.id.type = ""DOI"", id.asserted.by = ""publisher"")","list(date = c(""2023-11-01"", ""2023-10-13""), content.version = c(""tdm"", ""vor""), delay.in.days = c(0, 0), URL = c(""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"", ""http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/""))","https://doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy","list(value = c(""Elsevier"", ""Improving the communication between farmers and veterinarians to enhance the acceptability of bovine tuberculosis eradication programmes"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106046"", ""article"", ""© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.""), name = c(""publisher"", ""articletitle"", ""journaltitle"", ""articlelink"", ""content_type"", ""copyright""), label = c(""This article is maintained by"", ""Article Title"", ""Journal Title"", ""CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"", 
""Content Type"", ""Copyright""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Ciaravino","2023","Ciaravino et al., 2023"
"Veterinary Research","2007-07-19","2020-04-25","2007-09","10.1051/vetres:2007029","2023-09-26","0928-4249,1297-9716","5","2007-07-19","250","755-771","10.1051","EDP Sciences","1","Crossref","28","28","19","Effectiveness of simulated interventions in reducing the estimated prevalence of<i>E. coli</i>O157:H7 in lactating cows in dairy herds","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres:2007029","38",NA,"Vet. Res.","list(given = c(""Bouda"", ""Klaas"", ""Joanne"", ""Annet G.J."", ""Henk"", ""Ruud B.M.""), family = c(""Vosough Ahmadi"", ""Frankena"", ""Turner"", ""Velthuis"", ""Hogeveen"", ""Huirne""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""http://www.vetres.org/10.1051/vetres:2007029/pdf"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""1"", ""2"", ""3"", ""4"", ""5"", ""6"", ""7"", ""8"", ""9"", ""10"", ""11"", ""12"", ""13"", ""14"", ""15"", ""16"", ""17"", ""18"", ""19"", ""20"", ""21"", ""22"", ""23"", ""24"", ""25"", ""26"", ""27"", ""28""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", NA, ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref"", ""crossref""
), first.page = c(""1349"", ""355"", ""748"", NA, ""51S"", ""1"", ""685"", ""279"", ""723"", ""283"", ""6816"", NA, ""4585"", ""467"", ""3480"", ""500"", ""362"", ""1122"", ""486"", ""6053"", ""49"", ""6"", ""175"", ""806"", ""5336"", ""159"", ""214"", ""641""), DOI = c(""10.1001/jama.1994.03520170059036"", ""10.1146/annurev.med.50.1.355"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-66.5.748"", NA, ""10.1111/j.1365-2672.2000.tb05332.x"", ""10.1016/S0928-8244(97)00105-3"", ""10.20506/rst.23.2.1510"", NA, ""10.1139/w99-059"", ""10.1139/w99-142"", ""10.1128/AEM.71.11.6816-6822.2005"", NA, ""10.1128/JCM.40.12.4585-4593.2002"", 
""10.1017/S0950268804001979"", ""10.1128/JCM.36.12.3480-3487.1998"", ""10.1093/infdis/167.2.500"", ""10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.08.007"", ""10.1093/infdis/172.4.1122"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-67.3.486"", ""10.1128/AEM.70.10.6053-6060.2004"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.03.004"", ""10.4315/0362-028X-69.1.6"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(03)00006-0"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.01.020"", ""10.1128/AEM.70.9.5336-5342.2004"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.09.015"", ""10.1016/j.mbs.2006.01.006"", ""10.1128/JCM.36.3.641-647.1998""), volume = c(""272"", ""50"", ""66"", 
NA, ""88"", ""20"", ""23"", ""45"", ""45"", ""46"", ""71"", NA, ""40"", ""132"", ""36"", ""167"", ""22"", ""172"", ""67"", ""70"", ""64"", ""69"", ""57"", ""241"", ""70"", ""233"", ""200"", ""36""), year = c(""1994"", ""1999"", ""2003"", NA, ""2000"", ""1998"", ""2004"", ""1999"", ""1999"", ""2000"", ""2005"", NA, ""2002"", ""2004"", ""1998"", ""1993"", ""2004"", ""1995"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2004"", ""2006"", ""2003"", ""2006"", ""2004"", ""2005"", ""2006"", ""1998""), journal.title = c(""J. Am. Med. Assoc."", ""Annu. Rev. Med."", ""J. Food Prot."", NA, ""J. Appl. Microbiol."", ""FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol."", 
""Rev. Off. Int. Epizoot."", ""Can. J. Microbiol."", ""Can. J. Microbiol"", ""Can. J. Microbiol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", NA, ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol."", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""Vaccine"", ""J. Infect. Dis."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Food Prot."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""J. Theor. Biol."", ""Appl. Environ. Microbiol."", ""J. Theor. Biol."", ""Math. Biosci."", ""J. Clin. Microbiol.""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Callaway T.R., Anderson R.C., Edrington T.S., Genovese K.J., Bischoff K.M., Poole T.L., Jung Y.S., Harvey R.B., Nisbet D.J., What are we doing aboutEscherichia coliO157:H7 in cattle? J. Anim. Sci. (2004) 82:E93–99."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Dommerholt J., NRS-Jaarstatistieken 2005, CR Delta, Arnhem, 2005."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","v07107","2007-07-19",NA,"NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Vosough Ahmadi","2007","Vosough Ahmadi et al., 2007"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2006-11-17","2025-01-11","2007-05","10.1017/s0950268806007436","2025-01-12","0950-2688,1469-4409","5","2006-11-17","56","749-764","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","39","39","13","A simulation model to assess herd-level intervention strategies against<i>E. coli</i>O157","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268806007436","135","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>A simulation model of a herd of grazing cattle, which has been developed to provide insight into the infection dynamics of<jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>O157 is described. The spatially explicit model enables the modelling of the infection transmission processes to be realistically addressed under field management conditions. The model is used to explore the efficacy of various potential control strategies in reducing the levels of within-herd infection. These measures include restricting the size of herds, niche engineering, improving housing hygiene and vaccination. While a vaccination strategy remains a hypothetical option, it has the potential to be particularly effective. It is likely that the most successful strategy will involve the implementation of a combination of measures.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""J. C."", ""I. J."", ""G.""), family = c(""WOOD"", ""McKENDRICK"", ""GETTINBY""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268806007436"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268806007436_ref029"", ""S0950268806007436_ref015"", ""S0950268806007436_ref026"", ""S0950268806007436_ref019"", ""S0950268806007436_ref024"", ""S0950268806007436_ref022"", ""S0950268806007436_ref018"", ""S0950268806007436_ref021"", ""S0950268806007436_ref017"", ""S0950268806007436_ref032"", ""S0950268806007436_ref028"", ""S0950268806007436_ref033"", ""S0950268806007436_ref016"", ""S0950268806007436_ref023"", ""S0950268806007436_ref002"", ""S0950268806007436_ref013"", ""S0950268806007436_ref004"", ""S0950268806007436_ref003"", 
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NA, ""10.1016/0167-8809(83)90002-6"", ""10.1111/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01627.x"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(03)00006-0"", ""10.1016/0168-1591(90)90076-P"", ""10.1016/0168-1591(95)00586-H"", NA, ""10.1079/9780851991962.0000"", ""10.1016/S0304-3800(00)00426-9"", NA, NA, ""10.1016/0304-3762(82)90132-8"", ""10.1128/AEM.62.5.1519-1525.1996"", ""10.1016/S0168-1605(00)00487-6"", NA, ""10.1016/0025-5564(93)90018-6"", ""10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08684.x"", ""10.1017/S0950268800051633"", ""10.1079/BJN19520039"", ""10.1093/oso/9780198545996.001.0001"", 
""10.1016/0167-5877(93)90063-Y"", ""10.2460/ajvr.2000.61.1375"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(99)00032-X"", ""10.1128/AEM.67.7.3053-3057.2001"", NA), article.title = c(""Longitudinal study of E. coli O157:H7 dissemination on four dairy farms in Wisconsin"", NA, ""Feasibility of preharvest safety control"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""What is your cow comfort index"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 survival in ovine or bovine manure and manure slurry"", ""Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing"", 
NA, NA, ""Spatial contact models for ecological and epidemic spread"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Prevalence and clonal nature of E. coli O157:H7 on dairy farms in Wisconsin"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(""64"", NA, ""19"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""19"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""64"", ""57"", NA, NA, ""39"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""62"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(""Shere"", ""Phillips"", ""Hancock"", NA, ""Nåsell"", NA, NA, ""Britt"", NA, NA, NA, 
NA, ""Kudva"", ""Benjamini"", ""Synge"", NA, ""Mollison"", NA, NA, NA, ""Press"", ""Albright"", NA, ""Chadwick"", NA, NA, ""Faith"", NA, ""Arnold"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Anderson"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(""1998"", ""1993"", ""1997"", NA, ""1995"", NA, NA, ""1993"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1998"", ""1995"", ""2000"", NA, ""1977"", NA, NA, NA, ""1992"", ""1997"", NA, ""1990"", NA, NA, ""1996"", NA, ""1978"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1991"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(""Applied and Environmental Microbiology"", NA, ""Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Dairy Herd Management"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Applied and Environmental Microbiology"", ""Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B"", NA, NA, ""Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Applied and Environmental Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, ""Cattle Behaviour"", NA, NA, ""Epidemic Models: their structure and relation to data"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Zoonotic Infections in Livestock and the Risk to Public Health: VTEC O157, Edinburgh"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Numerical Recipes in C: the art of scientific computing"", ""The Behaviour of Cattle"", NA, ""Scottish Agricultural College Farm Management Handbook"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Ethology of Free Ranging Domestic Animals"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Infectious Diseases of Humans: dynamics and control"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""33.  Moxley RA , Vaccination and feeding a competitive exclusion product as intervention strategies to reduce the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feedlot cattle. In Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Shiga Toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections, 2003, p. 23."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""37. Economic Report on Scottish Agriculture 2000 Edition. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Environment and Rural Affairs Department, 2000."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1.  Reilly B . Task Force on E. coli O157: Final Report. 2001. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Publications.""))","S0950268806007436","2006-11-17","en","NULL","list(date = ""2006-11-17"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"WOOD","2006","WOOD et al., 2006"
"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","2022-02-21","2024-09-18","2022-09","10.1111/tbed.14488","2025-05-15","1865-1674,1865-1682","5","2022-03-03","311",NA,"10.1155","Wiley","1","Crossref","56","56","10","Modelling and assessing additional transmission routes for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Vehicle movements and feed ingredients","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14488","69",NA,"Transbounding Emerging Dis","list(ORCID = c(""https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-7684"", NA, ""https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7552-6144""), authenticated.orcid = c(FALSE, NA, FALSE), given = c(""Jason A."", ""Cesar A."", ""Gustavo""), family = c(""Galvis"", ""Corzo"", ""Machado""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation.name = c(""Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA"", ""Veterinary Population Medicine Department College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota St Paul Minnesota USA"", 
""Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA""))","list(URL = c(""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.14488"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/tbed.14488"", ""https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tbed.14488""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_2_11_2_1"", ""e_1_2_11_3_1"", ""e_1_2_11_4_1"", ""e_1_2_11_5_1"", ""e_1_2_11_6_1"", ""e_1_2_11_7_1"", ""e_1_2_11_8_1"", ""e_1_2_11_9_1"", ""e_1_2_11_10_1"", ""e_1_2_11_11_1"", ""e_1_2_11_12_1"", ""e_1_2_11_13_1"", ""e_1_2_11_14_1"", ""e_1_2_11_15_1"", ""e_1_2_11_16_1"", ""e_1_2_11_17_1"", ""e_1_2_11_18_1"", ""e_1_2_11_19_1"", ""e_1_2_11_20_1"", ""e_1_2_11_21_1"", ""e_1_2_11_22_1"", ""e_1_2_11_23_1"", ""e_1_2_11_24_1"", ""e_1_2_11_25_1"", ""e_1_2_11_26_1"", ""e_1_2_11_27_1"", ""e_1_2_11_28_1"", ""e_1_2_11_29_1"", ""e_1_2_11_30_1"", ""e_1_2_11_31_1"", 
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"Veterinary Research","2011-02-16","2024-04-04","2011-12","10.1186/1297-9716-42-36","2024-07-01","1297-9716","1","2011-02-15","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","46","46","32","Predicting fadeout versus persistence of paratuberculosis in a dairy cattle herd for management and control purposes: a modelling study","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-42-36","42","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Epidemiological models enable to better understand the dynamics of infectious diseases and to assess<jats:italic>ex-ante</jats:italic>control strategies. For<jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium</jats:italic>subsp.<jats:italic>paratuberculosis</jats:italic>(<jats:italic>Map</jats:italic>), possible transmission routes have been described, but<jats:italic>Map</jats:italic>spread in a herd and the relative importance of the routes are currently insufficiently understood to prioritize control measures. We aim to predict early after<jats:italic>Map</jats:italic>introduction in a dairy cattle herd whether infection is likely to fade out or persist, when no control measures are implemented, using a modelling approach. Both vertical transmission and horizontal transmission via the ingestion of colostrum, milk, or faeces present in the contaminated environment were modelled. Calf-to-calf indirect transmission was possible. Six health states were represented: susceptible, transiently infectious, latently infected, subclinically infected, clinically affected, and resistant. The model was partially validated by comparing the simulated prevalence with field data. Housing facilities and contacts between animals were specifically considered for calves and heifers. After the introduction of one infected animal in a naive herd, fadeout occurred in 66% of the runs. When<jats:italic>Map</jats:italic>persisted, the prevalence of infected animals increased to 88% in 25 years. The two main transmission routes were via the farm's environment and in utero transmission. Calf-to-calf transmission was minor. Fadeout versus<jats:italic>Map</jats:italic>persistence could be differentiated with the number of clinically affected animals, which was rarely above one when fadeout occurred. Therefore, early detection of affected animals is crucial in preventing<jats:italic>Map</jats:italic>persistence in dairy herds.</jats:p>","Vet Res","list(given = c(""Clara"", ""Pauline"", ""Henri"", ""Dirk Udo"", ""Christine""), family = c(""Marcé"", ""Ezanno"", ""Seegers"", ""Pfeiffer"", ""Fourichon""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1297-9716-42-36.pdf"", content.type = ""application/pdf"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""36_CR1"", ""36_CR2"", ""36_CR3"", ""36_CR4"", ""36_CR5"", ""36_CR6"", ""36_CR7"", ""36_CR8"", ""36_CR9"", ""36_CR10"", ""36_CR11"", ""36_CR12"", ""36_CR13"", ""36_CR14"", ""36_CR15"", ""36_CR16"", ""36_CR17"", ""36_CR18"", ""36_CR19"", ""36_CR20"", ""36_CR21"", ""36_CR22"", ""36_CR23"", ""36_CR24"", ""36_CR25"", ""36_CR26"", ""36_CR27"", ""36_CR28"", ""36_CR29"", ""36_CR30"", ""36_CR31"", ""36_CR32"", ""36_CR33"", ""36_CR34"", ""36_CR35"", ""36_CR36"", ""36_CR37"", ""36_CR38"", ""36_CR39"", ""36_CR40"", ""36_CR41"", ""36_CR42"", ""36_CR43"", ""36_CR44"", ""36_CR45"", ""36_CR46""
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""Groenendaal H, Nielen M, Jalvingh AW, Horst SH, Galligan DT, Hesselink JW: A simulation of Johne's disease control. Prev Vet Med. 2002, 54: 225-245. 10.1016/S0167-5877(02)00027-2."", ""Kudahl AB, Ostergaard S, Sorensen JT, Nielsen SS: A stochastic model simulating paratuberculosis in a dairy herd. Prev Vet Med. 2007, 78: 97-117. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.05.015."", ""Pouillot R, Dufour B, Durand B: A deterministic and stochastic simulation model for intra-herd paratuberculosis transmission. Vet Res. 2004, 35: 53-68. 10.1051/vetres:2003046."", 
""Marcé C, Ezanno P, Seegers H, Pfeiffer DU, Fourichon C: Modeling within-herd transmission of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in dairy cattle: a review. J Dairy Sci. 2010, 93: 4455-4470."", ""Jorgensen JB: Survival of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in slurry. Nord Vet Med. 1977, 29: 267-270."", ""Whittington RJ, Marshall DJ, Nicholls PJ, Marsh IB, Reddacliff LA: Survival and dormancy of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the environment. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004, 70: 2989-3004. 10.1128/AEM.70.5.2989-3004.2004."", 
""Van Roermund HJW, Bakker D, Willemsen PTJ, De Jong MCM: Horizontal transmission of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cattle in an experimental setting: Calves can transmit the infection to other calves. Vet Microbiol. 2007, 122: 270-279. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.01.016."", ""Ezanno P, Fourichon C, Beaudeau F, Seegers H: Between-herd movements of cattle as a tool for evaluating the risk of introducing infected animals. Anim Res. 2006, 55: 189-208. 10.1051/animres:2006013."", ""Ezanno P, van Schaik G, Weber MF, Heesterbeek JA: A modeling study on the sustainability of a certification-and-monitoring program for paratuberculosis in cattle. Vet Res. 2005, 36: 811-826. 10.1051/vetres:2005032."", 
""The Scilab website. [http://www.scilab.org]"", ""Marcé C, Guatteo R, Bareille N, Fourichon C: Dairy calf housing systems across Europe and risk for calf infectious diseases. Animal. 2010, 4: 1588-1596."", ""Windsor PA, Whittington RJ: Evidence for age susceptibility of cattle to Johne's disease. Vet J. 2010, 184: 37-44. 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.01.007."", ""Hagan WA: Age as a factor in susceptibility to Johne's disease. Cornell Vet. 1938, 28: 34-40."", ""Nielsen SS, Ersboll AK: Age at occurrence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in naturally infected dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2006, 89: 4557-4566. 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72505-X."", 
""Weber MF, Kogut J, de Bree J, van Schaik G, Nielen M: Age at which dairy cattle become Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis faecal culture positive. Prev Vet Med. 2010, 97: 29-36. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.07.004."", ""Whitlock RH, Wells SJ, Sweeney RW, Van Tiem J: ELISA and fecal culture for paratuberculosis (Johne's disease): sensitivity and specificity of each method. Vet Microbiol. 2000, 77: 378-398. 10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00324-2."", ""Nielsen SS, Toft N: Ante mortem diagnosis of paratuberculosis: A review of accuracies of ELISA, interferon-γ assay and faecal culture techniques. Vet Microbiol. 2008, 129: 217-235. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.12.011."", 
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""Raizman EA, Wells SJ, Jordan PA, DelGiudice GD, Bey RR (2005) Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from free-ranging deer and rabbits surrounding Minnesota dairy herds. Can J Vet Res 69:32–38"", ""USDA/NAHMS report, Johne’s Disease on U.S. Dairies, 1991–2007. http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/nahms/dairy/downloads/dairy07/Dairy07_is_Johnes.pdf, Accessed 7 May 2015"", ""Ott SL, Wells SJ, Wagner BA (1999) Herd-level economic losses associated with Johne’s disease on US dairy operations. Prev Vet Med 40:179–192"", 
""Naser SA, Sagramsingh SR, Naser AS, Thanigachalam S (2014) Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis causes Crohn’s disease in some inflammatory bowel disease patients. World J Gastroenterol 20:7403–7415"", ""Chiodini RJ, Chamberlin WM, Sarosiek J, McCallum RW (2012) Crohn’s disease and the mycobacterioses: a quarter century later. Causation or simple association? Crit Rev Microbiol 38:52–93"", ""Aly SS, Thurmond MC (2005) Evaluation of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis infection of dairy cows attributable to infection status of the dam. J Am Vet Med Assoc 227:450–454"", 
""Elliott GN, Hough RL, Avery LM, Maltin CA, Campbell CD. Environmental risk factors in the incidence of Johne’s disease. Crit Rev Microbiol (in press)"", ""Mitchell RM, Medley GF, Collins MT, Schukken YH (2012) A meta-analysis of the effect of dose and age at exposure on shedding of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) in experimentally infected calves and cows. Epidemiol Infect 140:231–246"", ""Nielsen SS, Ersboll AK (2006) Age at occurrence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in naturally infected dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 89:4557–4566"", 
""Whitlock RH, Wells SJ, Sweeney RW, Van Tiem J (2000) ELISA and fecal culture for paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease): sensitivity and specificity of each method. Vet Microbiol 77:387–398"", ""Smith RL, Grohn YT, Pradhan AK, Whitlock RH, Van Kessel JS, Smith JM, Wolfgang DR, Schukken YH (2009) A longitudinal study on the impact of Johne’s disease status on milk production in individual cows. J Dairy Sci 92:2653–2661"", ""Collins MT, Gardner IA, Garry FB, Roussel AJ, Wells SJ (2006) Consensus recommendations on diagnostic testing for the detection of paratuberculosis in cattle in the United States. J Am Vet Med Assoc 229:1912–1919"", 
""Eda S, Bannantine JP, Waters WR, Mori Y, Whitlock RH, Scott MC, Speer CA (2006) A highly sensitive and subspecies-specific surface antigen enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of Johne’s disease. Clin Vaccine Immunol 13:837–844"", ""Windsor PA, Whittington RJ (2010) Evidence for age susceptibility of cattle to Johne’s disease. Vet J 184:37–44"", ""Massaro T, Lenhart S, Spence M, Drakes C, Yang G, Agusto F, Johnson R, Whitlock B, Wadhwa A, Eda S (2013) Modeling for cost analysis of Johne’s disease control based on EVELISA testing. J Biol Syst 21:1340010"", 
""Kudahl AB, Sorensen JT, Nielsen SS, Ostergaard S (2007) Simulated economic effects of improving the sensitivity of a diagnostic test in paratuberculosis control. Prev Vet Med 78:118–129"", ""Grimm V, Berger U, DeAngelis DL, Polhill JG, Giske J, Railsback SF (2010) The ODD protocol A review and first update. Ecol Model 221:2760–2768"", ""Collins MT, Morgan IR (1991) Epidemiological model of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. Prev Vet Med 11:131–146"", ""Groenendaal H, Nielen M, Jalvingh AW, Horst SH, Galligan DT, Hesselink JW (2002) A simulation of Johne’s disease control. Prev Vet Med 54:225–245"", 
""Mitchell RM, Whitlock RH, Stehman SM, Benedictus A, Chapagain PP, Grohn YT, Schukken YH (2008) Simulation modeling to evaluate the persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) on commercial dairy farms in the United States. Prev Vet Med 83:360–380"", ""Lu Z, Mitchell RM, Smith RL, Van Kessel JS, Chapagain PP, Schukken YH, Grohn YT (2008) The importance of culling in Johne’s disease control. J Theor Biol 254:135–146"", ""Lu Z, Schukken YH, Smith RL, Grohn YT (2010) Stochastic simulations of a multi-group compartmental model for Johne’s disease on US dairy herds with test-based culling intervention. J Theor Biol 264:1190–1201"", 
""Marce C, Ezanno P, Weber MF, Seegers H, Pfeiffer DU, Fourichon C (2010) Invited review: modeling within-herd transmission of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cattle: a review. J Dairy Sci 93:4455–4470"", ""Wells SJ, Kubat N, Espejo LA, Godden SM. Effect of delaying exposure to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis until adulthood on incidence of infection in adult dairy cows. In 11th International Colloquium on Paratuberculosis; Sydney, Australia. 2012;332."", ""Espejo LA, Kubat N, Godden SM, Wells SJ (2013) Effect of delayed exposure of cattle to Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis on the development of subclinical and clinical Johne’s disease. Am J Vet Res 74:1304–1310"", 
""Marce C, Ezanno P, Seegers H, Pfeiffer DU, Fourichon C (2011) Within-herd contact structure and transmission of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in a persistently infected dairy cattle herd. Prev Vet Med 100:116–125"", ""Schukken YHS, Mitchell RM, Whitlock RH, Grohn YT (2015) Longitudinal data collection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infections in dairy herds. Vet Res (in press)"", ""Espejo LA, Godden S, Hartmann WL, Wells SJ (2012) Reduction in incidence of Johne’s disease associated with implementation of a disease control program in Minnesota demonstration herds. J Dairy Sci 95:4141–4152"", 
""Geraghty T, Graham DA, Mullowney P, More SJ (2014) A review of bovine Johne’s disease control activities in 6 endemically infected countries. Prev Vet Med 116:1–11"", ""Li S, Cui H, Yuan Q, Wu J, Wadhwa A, Eda S, Jiang H (2014) AC electrokinetics-enhanced capacitive immunosensor for point-of-care serodiagnosis of infectious diseases. Biosens Bioelectron 51:437–443"", ""Gould BW (2006) Understanding Dairy Markets. University of Wisconsin, Madison"", ""USDA-ERS. Milk production costs and returns per hundredweight sold, 2010–2011. 2012.""
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"Veterinary Research","2013-10-07","2025-04-30","2013-12","10.1186/1297-9716-44-94","2025-06-02","1297-9716","1","2013-10-07","297",NA,"10.1186","Springer Science and Business Media LLC","1","Crossref","53","53","56","Evaluation of age-dependent susceptibility in calves infected with two doses of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis using pathology and tissue culture","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-44-94","44","<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The longstanding assumption that calves of more than 6 months of age are more resistant to<jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium</jats:italic>subspecies<jats:italic>paratuberculosis</jats:italic>(MAP) infection has recently been challenged. In order to elucidate this, a challenge experiment was performed to evaluate age- and dose-dependent susceptibility to MAP infection in dairy calves. Fifty-six calves from MAP-negative dams were randomly allocated to 10 MAP challenge groups (5 animals per group) and a negative control group (6 calves). Calves were inoculated orally on 2 consecutive days at 5 ages: 2 weeks and 3, 6, 9 or 12 months. Within each age group 5 calves received either a high – or low – dose of 5 × 10<jats:sup>9</jats:sup>CFU or 5 × 10<jats:sup>7</jats:sup>CFU, respectively. All calves were euthanized at 17 months of age. Macroscopic and histological lesions were assessed and bacterial culture was done on numerous tissue samples. Within all 5 age groups, calves were successfully infected with either dose of MAP. Calves inoculated at &lt; 6 months usually had more culture-positive tissue locations and higher histological lesion scores. Furthermore, those infected with a high dose had more severe scores for histologic and macroscopic lesions as well as more culture-positive tissue locations compared to calves infected with a low dose. In conclusion, calves to 1 year of age were susceptible to MAP infection and a high infection dose produced more severe lesions than a low dose.</jats:p>","Vet Res","list(given = c(""Rienske AR"", ""Herman W"", ""Janet M"", ""Oscar"", ""Karin"", ""Robert"", ""Gordon"", ""Jeroen""), family = c(""Mortier"", ""Barkema"", ""Bystrom"", ""Illanes"", ""Orsel"", ""Wolf"", ""Atkins"", ""De Buck""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1297-9716-44-94.pdf"", content.type = ""application/pdf"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""457_CR1"", ""457_CR2"", ""457_CR3"", ""457_CR4"", ""457_CR5"", ""457_CR6"", ""457_CR7"", ""457_CR8"", ""457_CR9"", ""457_CR10"", ""457_CR11"", ""457_CR12"", ""457_CR13"", ""457_CR14"", ""457_CR15"", ""457_CR16"", ""457_CR17"", ""457_CR18"", ""457_CR19"", ""457_CR20"", ""457_CR21"", ""457_CR22"", ""457_CR23"", ""457_CR24"", ""457_CR25"", ""457_CR26"", ""457_CR27"", ""457_CR28"", ""457_CR29"", ""457_CR30"", ""457_CR31"", ""457_CR32"", ""457_CR33"", ""457_CR34"", ""457_CR35"", ""457_CR36"", ""457_CR37"", ""457_CR38"", ""457_CR39"", ""457_CR40"", ""457_CR41"", ""457_CR42"", 
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""Attitudes of Canadian dairy farmers toward a voluntary Johne’s disease control program"", ""An agent-based model evaluation of economic control strategies for paratuberculosis in a dairy herd"", ""Control of paratuberculosis: who, why and how. A review of 48 countries"", ""Evidence for age susceptibility of cattle to Johne’s disease""), volume = c(""65"", ""46"", ""435"", ""102"", ""49"", ""99"", ""26"", NA, ""98"", ""12"", ""108"", ""133"", ""13"", ""254"", ""264"", ""8"", ""42"", ""246"", ""46"", ""98"", ""129"", ""94"", ""46"", ""182"", ""102"", 
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""Evaluation of immune responses and protective efficacy in a goat model following immunization with a coctail of recombinant antigens and a polyprotein of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis"", ""Vaccination with recombinant Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis proteins induces differential immune responses and protects calves against infection by oral challenge"", ""Therapeutic vaccine comprising Mycobacterium HSP70"", ""Mycobacterial 70kDa heat-shock protein is an effective subunit vaccine against bovine paratuberculosis"", 
""Paratuberculosis vaccine in a large dairy herd"", ""The effect of vaccination on the prevalence of paratuberculosis in large dairy herds"", ""Economy, efficacy, and feasibility of a risk-based control program against paratuberculosis"", ""A stochastic model simulating paratuberculosis in a dairy herd"", ""Simulated economic effects of improving the sensitivity of a diagnostic test in paratuberculosis control"", ""Live Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and a killed-bacterium vaccine induce distinct subcutaneous granulomas, with unique cellular and cytokine profiles"", 
""Assessing the potential impact of Salmonella vaccines in an endemically infected dairy herd"", ""The importance of culling in Johne's disease control"", ""Stochastic simulations of a multi-group compartmental model for Johne's disease on US dairy herds with test-based culling intervention"", ""Invited review: modeling within-herd transmission of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cattle: a review"", ""A methodology for performing global uncertainty and sensitivity analysis in systems biology"", 
""A meta-analysis of the effect of dose and age at exposure on shedding of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) in experimentally infected calves and cows"", ""Simulation modeling to evaluate the persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) on commercial dairy farms in the United States"", NA, ""Transitions in diagnostic tests used for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infections in cattle"", NA, ""Herd-level economic losses associated with Johne's disease on US dairy operations"", 
""A deterministic and stochastic simulation model for intra-herd paratuberculosis transmission"", ""The experimental infection of cattle with Mycobacterium johnei. III. Calves maintained in an infectious environment"", ""Efficacy of a killed vaccine for the control of paratuberculosis in Australian sheep flocks"", ""Herd management practices and the transmission of Johne's disease within infected dairy herds in Victoria, Australia"", ""DNA vaccines against mycobacterial diseases"", ""Vaccination against paratuberculosis"", 
""Members of the 30- to 32-kilodalton mycolyl transferase family (Ag85) from culture filtrate of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis are immunodominant Th1-type antigens recognized early upon infection in mice and cattle"", ""Heat shock protein 70 subunit vaccination against bovine paratuberculosis does not interfere with current immunodiagnostic assays for bovine tuberculosis"", ""Assessment of live candidate vaccines for paratuberculosis in animal models and macrophages"", ""A killed vaccine against paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in sheep"", 
""A longitudinal study on the impact of Johne's disease status on milk production in individual cows"", ""Effect of Johne's disease status on reproduction and culling in dairy cattle"", ""Evaluation of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle"", ""Mycobacterium paratuberculosis isolated from fetuses of infected cows not manifesting signs of the disease"", ""Horizontal transmission of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cattle in an experimental setting: calves can transmit the infection to other calves"", 
""Cost-benefit analysis of vaccination against paratuberculosis in dairy cattle"", ""Longitudinal study to investigate variation in results of repeated ELISA and culture of fecal samples for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in commercial dairy herds"", ""Cow-level evaluation of a kinetics ELISA with multiple cutoff values to detect fecal shedding of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in New York State dairy cows"", ""Incidence of paratuberculosis after vaccination against M. paratuberculosis in two infected dairy herds"", 
""Paratuberculosis control measures in the USA"", NA, ""ELISA and fecal culture for paratuberculosis (Johne's disease): sensitivity and specificity of each method"", NA, ""Evidence for age susceptibility of cattle to Johne's disease"", ""The design of veterinary vaccination programmes""), volume = c(""95"", ""93"", NA, ""24"", ""108"", ""157"", ""93"", ""229"", ""14"", ""12"", ""75"", ""60"", ""54"", NA, ""146"", ""14"", ""22"", NA, ""2"", ""62"", ""27"", ""26"", ""19"", ""24"", ""40"", ""41"", ""91"", ""78"", ""78"", ""15"", ""259"", ""254"", ""264"", ""93"", ""254"", 
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""J. Theor. Biol."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""J. Theor. Biol."", ""Epidemiol. Infect."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Res."", ""J. Comp. Pathol."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Exp. Rev. Vaccines"", ""Exp. Rev. Vaccines"", ""Infect. Immun."", ""Vaccine"", ""Infect. Immun."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""J. Dairy Sci."", ""J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", ""Vet. Microbiol."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Am. J. Vet. Res."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. B"", 
NA, NA, ""Vet. Microbiol."", NA, ""Vet. J."", ""Vet. J.""), series.title = c(NA, NA, ""Paratuberculosis: Organism, Disease, Control"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Design and Analysis of Vaccine Studies"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Dairy 2002-Johne's Disease on U.S. Dairy Operations"", NA, ""Diagnosis and Control of Johne's Disease"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Paratuberculosis: Organism, Disease, Control"", 
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""Risk factors associated with occurrence of African swine fever outbreaks in smallholder pig farms in four districts along the Uganda‐Kenya border"", NA, ""Comparison of African swine fever virus prevalence and risk in two contrasting pig‐farming systems in South‐West and Central Kenya"", ""African swine fever in Latvian wild boar—a step closer to elimination"", ""Ecological drivers of African swine fever virus persistence in wild boar populations: Insight for control"", ""A review of spline function procedures in R"", 
""Contact rates in wild boar populations: implications for disease transmission"", ""Contact rates in wild boar populations: implications for disease transmission"", NA, ""Estimating the postmortem interval of wild boar carcasses"", NA, NA, ""Joining the club: first detection of African swine fever in wild boar in Germany"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Modelling African swine fever presence and reported abundance in the Russian Federation using national surveillance data from 2007 to 2014"", ""Statistical exploration of local transmission routes for African swine fever in pigs in the Russian Federation, 2007–2014""
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", NA, ""Ecological Modelling"", ""Ecological Modelling"", ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", NA, ""Parasites and Vectors"", ""R Journal"", ""Sains Malaysiana"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", ""Research in Veterinary Science"", ""Oikos"", NA, NA, NA, ""Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment"", NA, NA, ""Italy. Frontiers in Microbiology"", NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", 
""Tropical Animal Health and Production"", NA, ""Preventive Veterinary Medicine"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", ""Ecology and Evolution"", ""BMC Medical Research Methodology"", ""The Journal of Wildlife Management"", ""Journal of Wildlife Management"", NA, ""Veterinary Sciences"", NA, NA, ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Spatial and Spatio‐Temporal Epidemiology"", ""Transboundary and Emerging Diseases""), unstructured = c(NA, NA, ""Barongo MB, Ståhl K, Bett B, Bishop RP, Fèvre EM, Aliro T, Okoth E, Masembe C, Knobel D and Ssematimba A, 2015. Estimating the basic reproductive number (R0) for African swine fever virus (ASFV) transmission between pig herds in Uganda. PLoS One, 10, e0125842. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125842"", 
""Bisimwa PN, Dione M, Basengere B, Mushagalusa CA, Steinaa L and Ongus J, 2021. Risk factors of African swine fever virus in suspected infected pigs in smallholder farming systems in South‐Kivu province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Journal of Veterinary Science, 22, e35. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e35"", NA, NA, NA, ""Correia‐Gomes C, Henry MK, Auty HK and Gunn GJ, 2017. Exploring the role of small‐scale livestock keepers for national biosecurity—The pig case. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 145, 7–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.06.005"", 
NA, NA, ""EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , 2010. Application of systematic review methodology to food and feed safety assessments to support decision making. EFSA Journal 2010;8(6):1637, 90 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1637"", ""EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , Depner K, Gortazar C, Guberti V, Masiulis M, More S, Oļševskis E, Thulke HH, Viltrop A, Woźniakowski G, Cortiñas Abrahantes J, Gogin A, Verdonck F and Dhollander S, 2017. Epidemiological analyses of African swine fever in the Baltic States and Poland: (Update September 2016–September 2017). EFSA Journal 2017;15(11):5068, 59 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.5068"", 
""EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , Boklund A, Cay B, Depner K, Földi Z, Guberti V, Masiulis M, Miteva A, More S, Olsevskis E, Šatrán P, Spiridon M, Stahl K, Thulke HH, Viltrop A, Wozniakowski G, Broglia A, Cortinas Abrahantes J, Dhollander S, Gogin A, Verdonck F, Amato L, Papanikolaou A and Gortázar C, 2018. Epidemiological analyses of African swine fever in the European Union (November 2017 until November 2018). EFSA Journal 2018;16(11):5494, 106 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5494"", 
""EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , Anette B, Anette B, Theodora CV, Klaus D, Daniel D, Vittorio G, Georgina H, Daniela K, Annick L, Aleksandra M, Simon M, Edvins O, Sasa O, Helen R, Mihaela S, Karl S, Hans‐Hermann T, Grigaliuniene V, Arvo V, Richard W, Grzegorz W, José AC, Sofie D, Andrey G, Corina I, Alexandra P, González VLC and Christian GS, 2020. Epidemiological analyses of African swine fever in the European Union (November 2018 to October 2019). EFSA Journal 2020;18(1):5996, 107 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.5996"", 
""EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , Desmecht D, Gerbier G, Gortázar Schmidt C, Grigaliuniene V, Helyes G, Kantere M, Korytarova D, Linden A, Miteva A, Neghirla I, Olsevskis E, Ostojic S, Petit T, Staubach C, Thulke H‐H, Viltrop A, Richard W, Wozniakowski G, Abrahantes Cortiñas J, Broglia A, Dhollander S, Lima E, Papanikolaou A, Van der Stede Y and Ståhl K, 2021a. Scientific Opinion on the epidemiological analysis of African swine fever in the European Union (September 2019 to August 2020). EFSA Journal 2021;19(5):6572, 101 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6572"", 
""EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , Nielsen SS, Alvarez J, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Depner K, Drewe JA, Garin‐Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortazar Schmidt C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MÁ, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Sihvonen LH, Spoolder H, Stahl K, Velarde A, Winckler C, Abrahantes JC, Dhollander S, Ivanciu C, Papanikolaou A, Van der Stede Y, Blome S, Guberti V, Loi F, More S, Olsevskis E, Hans Thulke HH and Viltrop A, 2021b. ASF Exit Strategy: providing cumulative evidence of the absence of African swine fever virus circulation in wild boar populations using standard surveillance measures. EFSA Journal 2021;19(3):6419, 72 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6419"", 
""EFSA AHAW Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare) , 2012. Scientific opinion on foot‐and‐mouth disease in Thrace. EFSA Journal 2012;10(4):2635, 91 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2635"", ""EFSA AHAW Panel (EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare) , 2015. Scientific opinion on African swine fever. EFSA Journal 2015;13(7):4163, 92 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4163"", ""ENETWILD‐consortium , Acevedo P, Croft S, Smith G, Blanco‐Aguiar JA, Fernández‐López J, Scandura M, Apollonio M, Ferroglio E, Keuling O, Sange M, Zanet S, Brivio F, Podgorski T, Petrovic K, Soriguer R and Vicente J, 2020. Update of occurrence and hunting yield‐based data models for wild boar at European scale: new approach to handle the bioregion effect. EFSA Supporting Publications 2020;17(5):EN‐1871. https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2020.EN‐1871"", 
NA, NA, ""Glazunova AA, Korennoy FI, Sevskikh TA, Lunina DA, Zakharova OI, Blokhin AA, Karaulov AK and Gogin AE, 2021. Risk factors of African swine fever in domestic pigs of the samara region. Russian Federation. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 8, 723375. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.723375"", NA, NA, NA, ""Hall DK and Riggs GA, 2015. Modis/Terra Snow Cover Monthly p. L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG, version 6. Boulder. National Astronautics and Space Administration National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/modis/mod10cm.006"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Lange M, Guberti V and Thulke H‐H, 2018. Understanding ASF spread and emergency control concepts in wild boar populations using individual‐based modelling and spatio‐temporal surveillance data. EFSA Supporting Publications 2018;15(11):EN‐1521. https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2018.EN‐1521"", ""Lange M, Reichold A and Thulke H‐H, 2021. Modelling wild boar management for controlling the spread of ASF in the areas called white zones (zones blanche). EFSA Supporting Publications, 2021;18(5):EN‐6573, 32 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2021.EN‐6573"", 
""Lange M and Thulke HH, 2015. Mobile barriers as emergency measure to control outbreaks of African swine fever in wild boar. In: Thulke HH and Verheyen K (eds.). Proceedings of the SVEPM, Ghent, pp. 122–132."", NA, ""Lim JS, Vergne T, Pak SI and Kim E, 2021. Modelling the spatial distribution of ASF‐positive wild boar carcasses in South Korea using 2019–2020 national surveillance data. Animals (Basel), 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051208"", ""Loi F, Laddomada A, Coccollone A, Marrocu E, Piseddu T, Masala G, Bandino E, Cappai S and Rolesu S, 2019. Socio‐economic factors as indicators for various animal diseases in Sardinia. PLoS One, 14, e0217367. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217367"", 
NA, ""Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, PRISMA Group 2009. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Medicine, 6, e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097"", NA, NA, NA, ""Nurmoja I, Mõtus K, Kristian M, Niine T, Schulz K, Depner K and Viltrop A, 2020. Epidemiological analysis of the 2015–2017 African swine fever outbreaks in Estonia. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 181, 104556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.10.001"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Podgórski T, Borowik T, Łyjak M and Woźniakowski G, 2020. Spatial epidemiology of African swine fever: Host, landscape and anthropogenic drivers of disease occurrence in wild boar. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 177, 104691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104691"", NA, ""Probst C, Globig A, Knoll B, Conraths FJ and Depner K, 2017. Behaviour of free ranging wild boar towards their dead fellows: potential implications for the transmission of African swine fever. Royal Society Open Science, 4, 170054. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170054"", 
""Ribbens S, Dewulf J, Koenen F, Mintiens K, De Sadeleer L, de Kruif A and Maes D, 2008. A survey on biosecurity and management practices in Belgian pig herds. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 83, 228–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.07.009"", NA, ""Sauter‐Louis C, Schulz K, Richter M, Staubach C, Mettenleiter TC and Conraths FJ, 2021. African swine fever: why the situation in Germany is not comparable to that in the Czech Republic or Belgium. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Advance Online Publication, https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14231"", 
NA, ""Vajas P, Calenge C, Richard E, Fattebert J, Rousset C, Saïd S and Baubet E, 2020. Many, large and early: hunting pressure on wild boar relates to simple metrics of hunting effort. Science of the Total Environment, 698, 134251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134251"", ""Varewyck M, Verbeke T and Cortinas Abrahantes J, 2017. Exploratory analysis for spatiotemporal epidemiological data WEB app (spatial). Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.889551"", ""Venter O, Sanderson EW, Magrach A, Allan JR, Beher J, Jones KR, Possingham HP, Laurance WF, Wood P, Fekete BM, Levy MA and Watson JE, 2018. Last of the Wild Project, Version 3 (LWP‐3): 2009 Human Footprint, 2018 Release. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC), Palisades, NY. https://doi.org/10.7927/h46t0jq4. Accessed 20 November 2021."", 
NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""graphs: Theory and algorithms"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))",NA,NA,NA,"NULL","NULL",NA,"NULL",NA,"(September 2020 to August 2021)","NULL",NA,"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority)","2022","EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), 2022"
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NA, ""Pathway assessment of foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) risk to the United States: An evaluation in response to international FMD outbreaks in 2001. Executive Summary: USDA Animal Plant Health Inspection Service"", ""Transboundary and emerging diseases of animals"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Risk analysis of the potential introduction of African swine fever virus into Thailand by pig products from Italy, 2015 (qualitative risk assessment)"", NA, NA, ""Risk assessment for the import of meat and meat products contaminated with foot‐and‐mouth disease virus into Great Britain and the subsequent exposure of GB livestock"", 
""Annual review of controls on imports of animal products: April 2005 ‐ March 2006"", ""Annual review of controls on imports of animal products April 2007 ‐ March 2008"", ""A description of the UK system of controls on imports of live animals and products of animal origin and evaluation of its performance to protect public and animal health: April 2014–March 2016"", ""Qualitative risk assessment: What is the risk of introducing African swine fever to the UK pig population from European Member States via human‐mediated routes?"", 
NA, ""Potential animal health concerns relative to cattle fever ticks, classical swine fever, and bovine brucellosis, with special emphasis on Texas"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Historical reference rates"", NA, NA, ""Foot‐and‐mouth disease frequently asked questions"", ""Animal production"", ""ASF situation in Asia update"", ""FAOSTAT: Data: Live animals"", NA, ""Animal disease risk assessment, prevention, and control act of 2001 (PL 107‐9) Final Report"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""The importation into New Zealand of meat and meat products: a review of the risks to animal health"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""New techniques in veterinary epidemiology and economics"", NA, NA, ""African swine fever: An increasing risk to UK pigs"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Pathways analysis of classical swine fever (CSF) risk to the United States"", NA, NA, NA, ""History"", ""World Animal Health Information Database (WAHIS)"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Determination of the acceptable risk of introduction of FMD virus in passenger luggage following the UK outbreak in 2001"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Scientific report submitted to EFSA on African swine fever"", NA, NA, NA, ""Urgent advice 16‐2018 of the scientific committee of the FASFC on the risk of spreading of the African swine fever virus in the Belgian wildlife and spill‐over in the Belgian swine sector"", NA, NA, NA, ""Risk assessment for the transmission of foot‐and‐mouth disease via movement of swine and cattle carcasses from FMD‐infected premises to a disposal site"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Historical CPI‐U, June 2019"", ""Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health. Sources of outbreaks and hazard categorization of modes of virus transmission: Foot‐and‐mouth disease"", ""Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health. Sources of outbreaks and hazard categorization of modes of virus transmission: Foot‐and‐mouth disease"", ""Pathways assessment: Entry assessment for exotic viral pathogens of swine"", 
""Census of Agriculture: 2017 census volume 1, chapter 1: U.S. National Level Data"", ""Animal Products‐Hogs and Pork"", ""Sector at a Glance: U.S. Beef and Cattle Trade"", ""Classical swine fever—Epidemiological situation"", ""Risk analysis: Foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) risk from importation of fresh (chilled or frozen), maturated, deboned beef from a region in Brazil into the United States"", ""Risk assessment of the practice of feeding recycled commodities to domesticated swine in the U.S"", ""Potential economic impact of hog cholera in the U.S., 1998"", 
""Biological and economic consequences of a classical swine fever incursion in the United States"", ""Benefits to the United States of potential fresh, chilled, and frozen pork imports, imports of live breeding swine, and imports of swine semen from EU countries not currently recognized as CSF free"", ""Risk factors in the European Union regarding CSF and regionalization"", ""Biological and economic risk analysis: Risk management options for imports of breeding swine, swine semen and fresh, chilled, and frozen pork from the European Union"", 
""Risk Analysis Report Series: The analysis of the risk of classical swine fever from imports of pork, breeding animals, and semen from the European Union"", ""Risk analysis for importation of classical swine fever virus in swine and swine products from the European Union"", ""State rankings for the introduction of foot‐and‐mouth disease"", ""Risk analysis: Risk of importing foot‐and‐mouth disease in susceptible species and products from a region of Patagonia, Argentina"", ""Risk assessment of ready‐to‐eat pork products from premises previous to the establishment of a control area as a source of infection of susceptible livestock during a foot‐and‐mouth disease outbreak in the United States"", 
""History of feral swine in the Americas"", ""Treasury reporting rates of exchange: Historical rates"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(""2004"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2004"", NA, ""2008"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1999"", ""2013"", NA, ""2001"", ""2016"", NA, NA, ""1997"", NA, NA, NA, ""1992"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2016"", NA, NA, ""2003"", ""2006"", ""2008"", ""2017"", ""2018"", ""2014"", ""2000"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2019"", ""2006"", NA, ""2012"", ""2019"", 
""2019"", ""2019"", NA, ""2003"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2005"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1991"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1978"", ""2018"", NA, ""2018"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2004"", ""2019"", NA, NA, ""2019"", ""2020"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2002"", NA, NA, ""2002"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2009"", NA, NA, NA, ""2018"", ""2008"", NA, NA, ""2014"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2019"", ""1994"", ""2007"", ""2014"", ""2019"", ""2019"", ""2019"", ""2002"", ""2013"", ""1995"", 
""1998"", ""1998"", ""1998"", ""1998"", ""1998"", ""1999"", ""2000"", ""2012"", ""2014"", ""2018"", ""2020"", ""2019"", ""2006"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(""Adkin A."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Belton D. J."", NA, ""Beltrán‐Alcrudo D."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Animal Health Risk Assessment Animal, Plant and Food Risk Analysis Network"", ""Cardoso de Carvalho Ferreira H."", NA, ""Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health (CEAH)"", 
""Center for Food Security and Public Health"", NA, NA, ""Corso B."", NA, NA, NA, ""Davidson R. M."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Dejyong T."", NA, NA, ""Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, Veterinary Laboratories Agency"", ""Department for Environmental Food and Rural Affairs"", ""Department for Environmental Food and Rural Affairs"", ""Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs"", ""Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs"", ""Dewey C."", ""Dietrich R. A."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""European Central Bank"", 
""European Food Safety Authority"", NA, ""FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)"", ""FAO"", ""FAO"", ""FAO"", NA, ""Federal Inter‐agency Working Group"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Hong K."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""MacDiarmid S. C."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""McCauley H."", ""Melo C. B. D."", NA, ""Middlemiss C."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""National Agricultural Biosecurity Center"", ""Niedbalski W. I. E. S. Ł. A. W."", 
NA, NA, ""OIE"", ""OIE"", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Pharo H. J."", NA, NA, ""Randolph T. F."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Sánchez‐Vizcaíno J. M."", NA, NA, NA, ""Scientific Committee of the FASFC"", ""Senturk B."", NA, NA, ""Slingluff J."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""United States Bureau of Labor Statistics"", ""United States Department of Agriculture"", ""United States Department of Agriculture"", ""United States Department of Agriculture"", ""United States Department of Agriculture"", ""United States Department of Agriculture"", ""United States Department of Agriculture"", 
""United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service"", ""United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service"", ""United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health"", ""United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health"", ""United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health"", 
""United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health"", ""United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health"", ""United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health"", ""United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health"", 
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NA, ""Review of Selected Cattle Identificationand Tracing Systems Worldwide."", ""Emergence of scaling in random networks."", ""Evolution of networks: from biological nets to the internet and WWW."", ""The structure and function of complex networks."", ""Evolution and structure of theInternet: A statistical physics approach."", ""Scale-Free Networks."", ""Dynamical processes on complex networks."", ""Lethality and centrality in protein networks."", ""Scaling laws for the movement of people between locations in a large city."", 
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""Network analysis of Italian cattle trade patterns and evaluation of risks for potential disease spread."", ""Network analysis of Danish cattle industry trade patterns as an evaluation of risk potential for disease spread."", ""Vulnerability of animal trade networks to the spread of infectious diseases: a methodological approach applied to evaluation and emergency control strategies in cattle, France, 2005."", ""Use of social network analysis to charaterize the pattern of animal movements in the initial phases of the 2001 foot and mouth disease (FMD) epidemic in the UK."", 
""Potential for transmission of infections in networks of cattle farms."", ""Network analysis of cattle movement in Great Britain."", ""Evaluation of risk and vulnerability using a Disease Flow Centrality measure in dynamic cattle trade networks."", ""Representing the UK&apos;s cattle herd as static and dynamic networks."", ""Disease dynamics over very different time-scales: foot-and-mouth disease and scrapie on the network of livestock movements in the UK."", ""Modeling the initial spread of foot-and-mouth disease through animal movements."", 
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""Anderson R.M& May R.M. 1991 Oxford UK:Oxford University Press."", NA, NA, ""Bourn J & NAO vol. HC 1144 2003 London UK:The Stationary Office."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Reichl L.E. 1980 Austin TX:University of Texas Press."", NA, NA, ""Stauffer D& Aharony A. 1992 Boca Raton FL:CRC Press."", NA, NA, NA), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""5678"", NA, NA, NA, ""197"", NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2000"", NA, NA, NA, ""2002"", NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Graph algorithms"", NA, NA, NA, NA), edition = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""3"", NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1098/rspb.2006.3505","2006-05-16","en","NULL","list(date = ""2006-05-16"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Kao","2006","Kao et al., 2006"
"Journal of The Royal Society Interface","2012-06-22","2021-02-19","2012-11-07","10.1098/rsif.2012.0289","2025-05-05","1742-5689,1742-5662","76","2012-06-22","175","2814-2825","10.1098","The Royal Society","1","Crossref","37","37","118","Optimizing surveillance for livestock disease spreading through animal movements","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0289","9","<jats:p>The spatial propagation of many livestock infectious diseases critically depends on the animal movements among premises; so the knowledge of movement data may help us to detect, manage and control an outbreak. The identification of robust spreading features of the system is however hampered by the temporal dimension characterizing population interactions through movements. Traditional centrality measures do not provide relevant information as results strongly fluctuate in time and outbreak properties heavily depend on geotemporal initial conditions. By focusing on the case study of cattle displacements in Italy, we aim at characterizing livestock epidemics in terms of robust features useful for planning and control, to deal with temporal fluctuations, sensitivity to initial conditions and missing information during an outbreak. Through spatial disease simulations, we detect spreading paths that are stable across different initial conditions, allowing the clustering of the seeds and reducing the epidemic variability. Paths also allow us to identify premises, called sentinels, having a large probability of being infected and providing critical information on the outbreak origin, as encoded in the clusters. This novel procedure provides a general framework that can be applied to specific diseases, for aiding risk assessment analysis and informing the design of optimal surveillance systems.</jats:p>","J. R. Soc. Interface.","list(given = c(""Paolo"", ""Alain"", ""Lara"", ""Vittoria""), family = c(""Bajardi"", ""Barrat"", ""Savini"", ""Colizza""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""), affiliation1.name = c(""Computational Epidemiology Laboratory, Institute for Scientific Interchange (ISI), Turin, Italy"", ""Centre de Physique Théorique, Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS UMR 7332, Univ Sud Toulon Var, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France"", NA, ""INSERM, U707, Paris 75012, France""), affiliation2.name = c(""Centre de Physique Théorique, Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS UMR 7332, Univ Sud Toulon Var, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France"", 
""Data Science Laboratory, Institute for Scientific Interchange (ISI), Turin, Italy"", NA, ""UPMC Université Paris 06, Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR S 707, Paris 75012, France""), affiliation.name = c(NA, NA, ""Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Abruzzo-Molise, Teramo, Italy"", NA), affiliation3.name = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Institute for Scientific Interchange (ISI), Turin, Italy""))","list(URL = c(""https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsif.2012.0289"", ""https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsif.2012.0289"", ""https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsif.2012.0289""), content.type = c(""application/pdf"", ""application/xml"", ""unspecified""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining"", ""similarity-checking""))","list(key = c(""e_1_3_2_2_2"", ""e_1_3_2_3_2"", ""e_1_3_2_4_2"", ""e_1_3_2_5_2"", ""e_1_3_2_6_2"", ""e_1_3_2_7_2"", ""e_1_3_2_8_2"", ""e_1_3_2_9_2"", ""e_1_3_2_10_2"", ""e_1_3_2_11_2"", ""e_1_3_2_12_2"", ""e_1_3_2_13_2"", ""e_1_3_2_14_2"", ""e_1_3_2_15_2"", ""e_1_3_2_16_2"", ""e_1_3_2_17_2"", ""e_1_3_2_18_2"", ""e_1_3_2_19_2"", ""e_1_3_2_20_2"", ""e_1_3_2_21_2"", ""e_1_3_2_22_2"", ""e_1_3_2_23_2"", ""e_1_3_2_24_2"", ""e_1_3_2_25_2"", ""e_1_3_2_26_2"", ""e_1_3_2_27_2"", ""e_1_3_2_28_2"", ""e_1_3_2_29_2"", ""e_1_3_2_30_2"", ""e_1_3_2_31_2"", ""e_1_3_2_32_2"", 
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Anderson R. M."", NA), year = c(""2002"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2005"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1992"", NA), doi.asserted.by = c(NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
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""10.1098/rsif.2007.0214"", ""10.1098/rsif.2007.1129"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.08.026"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2008.01064.x"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2009.01073.x"", ""10.1098/rspb.2008.1009"", ""10.1016/j.epidem.2010.05.004"", ""10.1111/j.1865-1682.2010.01187"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.11.013"", ""10.1371/journal.pone.0019869"", ""10.1126/science.286.5439.509"", ""10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198515906.001.0001"", ""10.1137/S003614450342480"", ""10.1017/CBO9780511791383"", ""10.1086/229694"", ""10.1038/35019019"", ""10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.3682"", 
""10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.3200"", ""10.1126/science.1061076"", ""10.1038/nphys1746"", ""10.1098/rsbl.2005.0331"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.12.009"", ""10.1073/pnas.1000416107"", NA, ""10.1016/j.physa.2008.11.021""), first.page = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""234"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), article.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Network analysis of cattle movement in Great Britain"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), journal.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proc. Soc. Vet. Epidemiol. Prev. Med."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","10.1098/rsif.2012.0289","2012-06-22","en","NULL","list(date = ""2012-06-22"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/"")","http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/crossmark-policy","list(value = c(""2012-04-05"", ""2012-05-17"", ""2012-06-22""), order = 0:2, name = c(""received"", ""accepted"", ""published""), label = c(""Received"", ""Accepted"", ""Published""), group.name = c(""publication_history"", ""publication_history"", ""publication_history""), group.label = c(""Publication History"", ""Publication History"", ""Publication History""))",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Bajardi","2012","Bajardi et al., 2012"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2011-02-15","2020-06-16","2011-12","10.1017/s0950268811000070","2025-05-19","0950-2688,1469-4409","12","2011-02-15","56","1863-1874","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","40","40","30","A novel field-based approach to validate the use of network models for disease spread between dairy herds","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268811000070","139","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>The introduction of a centralized system for recording cattle movements in the UK has provided a framework for network-based models for disease spread. However, there are many types of non-reportable contacts between farms which may play a role in disease spread. The lack of real pathogen data with which to test network models makes it difficult to assess whether reported data adequately captures the risk-potential network between farms and improves the accuracy of disease forecasts. A novel multi-disciplinary approach is described whereby network-based models, built upon reported cattle movements and non-reportable local contacts between study farms, are parameterized using field data on bovine<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic>strains. Reported cattle movements were found to play a role in strain spread between farms, but other contacts via farm visitors were also correlated with strain distribution, suggesting that parameterizing contact networks using cattle-tracing data alone may not adequately capture the disease dynamics.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""L. GARCÍA"", ""C. R."", ""M. A.""), family = c(""ÁLVAREZ"", ""WEBB"", ""HOLMES""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268811000070"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268811000070_ref024"", ""S0950268811000070_ref013"", ""S0950268811000070_ref006"", ""S0950268811000070_ref040"", ""S0950268811000070_ref021"", ""S0950268811000070_ref016"", ""S0950268811000070_ref035"", ""S0950268811000070_ref009"", ""S0950268811000070_ref019"", ""S0950268811000070_ref015"", ""S0950268811000070_ref023"", ""S0950268811000070_ref007"", ""S0950268811000070_ref026"", ""S0950268811000070_ref005"", ""S0950268811000070_ref039"", ""S0950268811000070_ref004"", ""S0950268811000070_ref037"", ""S0950268811000070_ref036"", 
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""S0950268811000070_ref018"", ""S0950268811000070_ref011"", ""S0950268811000070_ref025"", ""S0950268811000070_ref010""), doi.asserted.by = c(""crossref"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""crossref"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", 
""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher""), first.page = c(""1008"", NA, NA, ""408"", ""196"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""234"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""222"", NA), DOI = c(""10.1128/JCM.38.3.1008-1015.2000"", ""10.1098/rspb.2007.1601"", ""10.1093/jurban/78.3.411"", ""10.1515/9781400841035"", NA, ""10.1053/tvjl.2002.0724"", ""10.1128/JCM.43.9.4737-4743.2005"", ""10.1098/rsif.2006.0129"", ""10.3168/jds.2008-1562"", 
""10.1038/446733a"", ""10.1046/j.1472-765X.2002.01127.x"", NA, ""10.1017/S0022029903006010"", ""10.1038/nature03548"", ""10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77277-5"", ""10.1098/rsif.2007.1129"", ""10.3201/eid1304.060833"", ""10.1128/JCM.40.11.3894-3902.2002"", ""10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72504-8"", ""10.1136/vr.148.22.683"", ""10.1099/jmm.0.009837-0"", ""10.1098/rspb.2006.3648"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.04.011"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-4-24"", ""10.1128/JCM.43.9.4731-4736.2005"", ""10.1038/35069250"", ""10.1017/S0950268897007802"", NA, NA, 
""10.1016/S0167-5877(97)00085-8"", ""10.1016/S0169-409X(01)00160-0"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.12.009"", ""10.1186/1746-6148-4-11"", NA, ""10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198509882.001.0001"", ""10.1016/0167-5877(96)01042-2"", ""10.1136/vr.160.8.253"", ""10.1017/S095026880500467X"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.01.003""), article.title = c(""Multilocus sequence typing for characterization of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible clones of Staphylococcus aureus"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume = c(""38"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(""Enright"", NA, NA, ""Keeling"", ""Blowey"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Christley"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(""2000"", 
NA, NA, ""2008"", ""1995"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""2005"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1999"", NA), journal.title = c(""Journal of Clinical Microbiology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, NA, NA, ""Modelling of Infectious Diseases in Humans and Animals"", ""Mastitis Control in Dairy Herds"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proceedings of the Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Laboratory Handbook on Bovine Mastitis"", NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""22. García Álvarez L .Assessment of the role of cattle movements and other risk contacts on the spread of Staphylococcus aureus strain types between UK dairy farms (Thesis). Cambridge, United Kingdom: University of Cambridge, 2009, 274 pp."", 
""2. Bourn J .Identifying and tracking livestock in England. London: National Audit Office, 2003."", NA, NA, NA, NA, ""28. R Development Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2008."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA))","S0950268811000070","2011-02-15","en","NULL","list(date = ""2011-02-15"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"ÁLVAREZ","2011","ÁLVAREZ et al., 2011"
"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","2012-01-29","2021-12-27","2012-07","10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011","2025-05-12","0167-5877","3","2012-07","78","202-208","10.1016","Elsevier BV","1","Crossref","30","30","42","Application of network analysis parameters in risk-based surveillance – Examples based on cattle trade data and bovine infections in Sweden","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011","105",NA,"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","list(given = c(""Jenny"", ""Anna"", ""Camilla"", ""Nina"", ""Maria""), family = c(""Frössling"", ""Ohlson"", ""Björkman"", ""Håkansson"", ""Nöremark""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = c(""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587711003990?httpAccept=text/xml"", ""https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0167587711003990?httpAccept=text/plain""), content.type = c(""text/xml"", ""text/plain""), content.version = c(""vor"", ""vor""), intended.application = c(""text-mining"", ""text-mining""))","list(issue = c(""2"", NA, ""33"", ""3"", ""49"", NA, ""1–2"", ""1"", ""9–10"", NA, ""5"", NA, ""3"", NA, ""2"", NA, ""1–2"", NA, ""2–4"", ""6"", NA, ""1–2"", NA, ""19"", ""2"", ""2"", NA, NA, NA, NA), key = c(""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011_bib0005"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011_bib0010"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011_bib0015"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011_bib0020"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011_bib0025"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011_bib0030"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011_bib0035"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.011_bib0040"", 
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""10.1016/S0163-4453(94)90866-4"", ""10.1136/vr.114.1.9"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.12.012"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.09.021""), article.title = c(""Bovine coronavirus as the causative agent of winter dysentery: serological evidence"", NA, ""Spatial patterns of bovine corona virus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus in the Swedish beef cattle population"", ""Reduced likelihood of bovine coronavirus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection on organic compared to conventional dairy farms"", ""Using scenario tree modelling for targeted herd sampling to substantiate freedom from disease"", 
""Infection in social networks: using network analysis to identify high-risk individuals"", ""Inspecting and monitoring on a restricted budget – where best to look?"", ""Bovine coronavirus"", ""Comparing network analysis measures to determine potential epidemic size of highly contagious exotic diseases in fragmented monthly networks of dairy cattle movements in Ontario, Canada"", ""A review of network analysis terminology and its application to foot-and-mouth disease modelling and policy development"", ""Severe respiratory disease in dairy cows caused by infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus"", 
""An experimental study of a concurrent primary infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in calves"", ""Centrality in social networks conceptual clarification"", NA, ""Dynamics of virus infections involved in the bovine respiratory disease complex in Swedish dairy herds"", ""Social network analysis. Review of general concepts and use in preventive veterinary medicine"", ""Risk factors for epidemic respiratory disease in Norwegian cattle herds"", NA, ""Network analysis of cattle and pig movements in Sweden: measures relevant for disease control and risk based surveillance"", 
""Risk factors for seropositivity to bovine coronavirus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus in dairy herds"", ""The relationship between pooled and individual milk samples for detecting antibodies to bovine coronavirus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus"", ""Use of social network analysis to characterize the pattern of animal movements in the initial phases of the 2001 foot and mouth disease (FMD) epidemic in the UK"", ""Concepts for risk-based surveillance in the field of veterinary medicine and veterinary public health: review of current approaches"", 
""Nationwide survey of antibodies to bovine coronavirus in bulk milk from Swedish dairy herds"", ""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection"", ""Respiratory syncytial virus infections in human beings and in cattle"", ""Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections in young dairy cattle: clinical and haematological findings"", NA, ""Risk-based surveillance: estimating the effect of unwarranted confounder adjustment"", ""Defining European preparedness and research needs regarding emerging infectious animal diseases: results from a Delphi expert consultation""
), volume = c(""32"", NA, ""52"", ""182"", ""7"", ""162"", ""92"", ""149"", ""55"", ""56"", ""138"", ""39"", ""1"", NA, ""172"", ""56"", ""44"", NA, ""99"", ""167"", NA, ""76"", ""6"", ""144"", ""38"", ""29"", ""114"", NA, NA, ""103""), author = c(""Alenius"", NA, ""Beaudeau"", ""Bidokhti"", ""Blickenstorfer"", ""Christley"", ""Cannon"", ""Clark"", ""Dubé"", ""Dubé"", ""Elvander"", ""Elvander"", ""Freeman"", ""Hosmer"", ""Hägglund"", ""Martinez-Lopez"", ""Norström"", NA, ""Nöremark"", ""Ohlson"", ""Ohlson"", ""Ortiz-Pelaez"", ""Stärk"", ""Tråvén"", ""Valarcher"", ""Van der Poel"", ""Verhoeff"", 
""Wasserman"", ""Willeberg"", ""Wentholt""), year = c(""1991"", NA, ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2011"", ""2005"", ""2009"", ""1993"", ""2008"", ""2009"", ""1996"", ""1998"", ""1978"", ""2000"", ""2006"", ""2009"", ""2000"", NA, ""2011"", ""2010"", ""2009"", ""2006"", ""2006"", ""1999"", ""2007"", ""1994"", ""1984"", ""1994"", ""2012"", ""2012""), journal.title = c(""Acta Vet. Scand."", NA, ""Acta Vet. Scand."", ""Vet. J."", ""BMC Vet. Res."", ""Am. J. Epidemiol."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Br. Vet. J."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Acta. Vet. Scand."", 
""Soc. Netw."", NA, ""Vet. J."", ""Transbound. Emerg. Dis."", ""Prev. Vet. Med."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""BMC Health Serv. Res."", ""Vet. Rec."", ""Vet. Res."", ""J. Infect."", ""Vet. Rec."", NA, ""Prev. Vet. Med."", ""Prev. Vet. Med.""), unstructured = c(NA, ""Anonymous, 2000. Regulation (EC) No 1760/2000 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 July 2000 establishing a system for the identification and registration of bovine animals. Off. J. L (11.8.2000), pp. 1–10."", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Nöremark, M., 2010. Infection through the farm gate: studies on movements of livestock and on-farm biosecurity, doctoral thesis. Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Available at: http://pub.epsilon.slu.se/2227/1/Noremark_M_100210.pdf."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), series.title = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Applied Logistic Regression"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Proceedings of 12th Symposium of the International Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics"", 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications (Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences)"", NA, NA))","S0167587711003990",NA,"en","NULL","list(date = ""2012-07-01"", content.version = ""tdm"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"Frössling","2012","Frössling et al., 2012"
"Epidemiology and Infection","2008-01-04","2019-04-30","2008-11","10.1017/s0950268807000179","2025-06-10","0950-2688,1469-4409","11","2008-01-04","56","1521-1536","10.1017","Cambridge University Press (CUP)","1","Crossref","23","23","20","Modelling a national programme for the control of foodborne pathogens in livestock: the case of <i>Salmonella</i> Dublin in the Danish cattle industry","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268807000179","136","<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>A ‘virtual hierarchy’ model is described for studying the spread of pathogens between herds of livestock. This novel approach to simulating disease has animals, herds, and geographic regions in a national livestock industry arranged as a hierarchy of objects in computer memory. Superimposed on all objects is an infection–recovery cycle, a control programme, and surveillance based on test results and animal movement. The model was applied to predicting progress in the control of <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> Dublin in the Danish dairy cattle industry over a 10-year period. More frequent testing of bulk tank milk for antibodies to <jats:italic>S</jats:italic>. Dublin was less effective than improved herd biosecurity. Restricting cattle movement between regions provided a strong benefit to those regions initially with a low prevalence of infection. Enhanced control within infected herds was of intermediate benefit. A combination of strategies was highly effective although cost and feasibility of this option needs further exploration.</jats:p>","Epidemiol. Infect.","list(given = c(""D."", ""L. R."", ""L. D.""), family = c(""JORDAN"", ""NIELSEN"", ""WARNICK""), sequence = c(""first"", ""additional"", ""additional""))","list(URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0950268807000179"", content.type = ""unspecified"", content.version = ""vor"", intended.application = ""similarity-checking"")","list(key = c(""S0950268807000179_ref022"", ""S0950268807000179_ref015"", ""S0950268807000179_ref008"", ""S0950268807000179_ref021"", ""S0950268807000179_ref003"", ""S0950268807000179_ref013"", ""S0950268807000179_ref023"", ""S0950268807000179_ref004"", ""S0950268807000179_ref006"", ""S0950268807000179_ref016"", ""S0950268807000179_ref007"", ""S0950268807000179_ref009"", ""S0950268807000179_ref005"", ""S0950268807000179_ref011"", ""S0950268807000179_ref014"", ""S0950268807000179_ref001"", ""S0950268807000179_ref002"", ""S0950268807000179_ref019"", 
""S0950268807000179_ref020"", ""S0950268807000179_ref018"", ""S0950268807000179_ref017"", ""S0950268807000179_ref012"", ""S0950268807000179_ref010""), doi.asserted.by = c(""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", NA, NA, ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher"", ""publisher""), DOI = c(""10.1080/01652176.1998.9694848"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.11.011"", 
""10.1016/S0007-1935(17)37287-1"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(03)00006-0"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.12.006"", NA, ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.05.011"", ""10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.09.015"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.11.006"", ""10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75626-7"", ""10.1017/S0950268806007436"", ""10.1016/j.mbs.2006.01.006"", ""10.3168/jds.2006-314"", ""10.1016/S0167-5877(98)00087-7"", NA, NA, ""10.1079/9780851992617.0265"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.04.003"", ""10.1111/j.1439-0450.1984.tb01314.x"", ""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.06.010"", 
""10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.08.001"", ""10.1086/381581""), first.page = c(NA, ""437"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""768"", ""398"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), volume.title = c(NA, ""Simulation Modelling and Analysis"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control"", ""Parasitic and Infectious Diseases: Epidemiology and Ecology"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), author = c(NA, ""Law"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Anderson"", 
""Scott"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), year = c(NA, ""2000"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""1992"", ""1994"", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), unstructured = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""23.  Bergevoet RHM , Economic and epidemiological evaluation of possible Salmonella control strategies in dairy cattle. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics. Cairns: ISVEE XI, 2006, pp. 312–314."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA))","S0950268807000179","2008-01-04","en","NULL","list(date = ""2008-01-04"", content.version = ""unspecified"", delay.in.days = 0, URL = ""https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"")",NA,"NULL",NA,NA,"NULL",NA,"JORDAN","2008","JORDAN et al., 2008"
"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","2011-10-08","2022-02-23","2011-12-15","10.1128/aem.01090-10","2025-05-14","0099-2240,1098-5336","24","2011-12-15","235","8605-8614","10.1128","American Society for Microbiology","1","Crossref","96","96","189","Biosecurity-Based Interventions and Strategies To Reduce Campylobacter spp. on Poultry Farms","journal-article","https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01090-10","77","<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
          <jats:p>
            The prevention and control of
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Campylobacter</jats:named-content>
            colonization of poultry flocks are important public health strategies for the control of human campylobacteriosis. A critical review of the literature on interventions to control
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Campylobacter</jats:named-content>
            in poultry on farms was undertaken using a systematic approach. Although the focus of the review was on aspects appropriate to the United Kingdom poultry industry, the research reviewed was gathered from worldwide literature. Multiple electronic databases were employed to search the literature, in any language, from 1980 to September 2008. A primary set of 4,316 references was identified and scanned, using specific agreed-upon criteria, to select relevant references related to biosecurity-based interventions. The final library comprised 173 references. Identification of the sources of
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Campylobacter</jats:named-content>
            in poultry flocks was required to inform the development of targeted interventions to disrupt transmission routes. The approach used generally involved risk factor-based surveys related to culture-positive or -negative flocks, usually combined with a structured questionnaire. In addition, some studies, either in combination or independently, undertook intervention trials. Many of these studies were compromised by poor design, sampling, and statistical analysis. The evidence for each potential source and route of transmission on the poultry farm was reviewed critically, and the options for intervention were considered. The review concluded that, in most instances, biosecurity on conventional broiler farms can be enhanced and this should contribute to the reduction of flock colonization. However, complementary, non-biosecurity-based approaches will also be required in the future to maximize the reduction of
            <jats:named-content content-type=""genus-species"">Campylobacter</jats:named-content>
            -positive flocks at the farm level.
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""ADAS Pwllpeiran, Cwmystwyth, Aberystwyth SY23 4AB, United Kingdom"", ""Russell Research Center, ARS, USDA, Athens, GA"", ""Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom"", ""University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom"", ""VION Agriculture Ltd., Livingston, United Kingdom"", ""Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), Laboratoire d'Étude et de Recherche Avicoles Porcines et Piscicoles, Ploufragan, France"", ""University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, United Kingdom""
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NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""HaldB. SkovgardH. SommerH. M.. 2007. Screen out insect vectors to significantly reduce Campylobacter prevalence in broilers. Zoonoses Public Health 54:154–155."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""Health Protection Agency. 2010. Campylobacter infections per year in England and Wales 1989–2008. Health Protection Agency London United Kingdom. http://www.hpa.org.uk/webw/HPAweb&HPAwebStandard/HPAweb_C/1195733838402?p=1191942152851."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""LundM. WelchT. K. GriswoldK. EndresJ. B. ShepherdC.. 2003. Occurrence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in broiler chickens raised in different production systems and fed organic and traditional feed. Food Prot. Trends 23:252–256."", NA, NA, ""McKennaJ. P. OzaA. McDowellS. W. J.. 2001. The role of transport vehicles, modules and transport crates as potential sources of Campylobacter infection for broilers. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 291(Suppl. 31):38."", NA, NA, ""NeubauerC.. 2005. Epidemiological investigation of Campylobacter spp. in Austrian broiler flocks: prevalence and risk factors. Wien. Tierarztl. Monatsschr. 92:4–10."", 
NA, ""NewellD. G.. 2000. New developments in the subtyping of Campylobacter species, p. 27–44. In NachamkinI. BlaserM. J. (ed.), Campylobacter, 2nd ed. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC."", NA, ""NewellD. G. WagenaarJ. A.. 2000. Poultry infections and their control at the farm level, p. 497–509. In NachamkinI. BlaserM. J. (ed.), Campylobacter, 2nd ed. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC."", NA, NA, ""PuterflamJ. BouvarelI. RagotO. DrouetM.. 2005. Contamination of broiler breeder farms by Campylobacter: is this inevitable? Sci. Tech. Avicoles 12:12–19."", 
NA, NA, NA, ""Refregier-PettonJ. RoseN. DenisM. SalvatG.. 2001. Risk factors for the contamination of standard broiler flocks with Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli. Sci. Tech. Avicoles 35:5–6."", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, ""SternN. J. 1992. Reservoirs for Campylobacter jejuni and approaches for intervention in poultry, p. 49–60. In NachamkinI. BlaserM. J. TompkinsL. S. (ed.), Campylobacter jejuni: current status and future trends. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC."", 
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