1.4 cio definition Terms that are considered not trusted by the Bgee team, related to assertions needing additional support. subset_property database_cross_reference has_exact_synonym has_obo_format_version in_subset shorthand has confidence element has_confidence_element X has confidence element Y iff X is a confidence information statement and Y is an associated confidence information element, used to define the statement. has confidence level has_confidence_level X has confidence level Y iff X is a confidence information statement and Y is it associated confidence information level. has evidence concordance has_evidence_concordance X has evidence concordance Y iff X is a confidence information statement and Y is it associated evidence concordance. has evidence type concordance has_evidence_type_concordance X has evidence type concordance Y iff X is a confidence information statement and Y is it associated evidence type concordance. provides greater confidence than provides_greater_confidence_than X provides greater confidence than Y iff both X and Y provide a confidence information level, and the level of confidence provided by X is greater than the level of confidence provided by Y. confidence information statement 1 0 0 2 1 2 0 1 3 1 1 0 0 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 3 0 A statement providing information about the confidence in an assertion, meaning, an information about the level of certainty that an assertion is correct. CIO:0000000 Quality and confidence are distinct concepts: quality refers to the value of a source or of an annotation, whereas confidence refers to the level of certainty that an assertion is correct. A statement providing information about the confidence in an assertion, meaning, an information about the level of certainty that an assertion is correct. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from single evidence 0 0 A confidence information statement defined from a single evidence. CIO:0000001 A confidence information statement defined from a single evidence. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from multiple evidence lines 1 1 A confidence information statement defined from a set of evidence lines. CIO:0000002 A confidence information statement defined from a set of evidence lines. Bgee:fbb high confidence from single evidence A confidence statement from single evidence related to assertions supported by a highly reliable evidence. CIO:0000003 gold A confidence statement from single evidence related to assertions supported by a highly reliable evidence. Bgee:fbb gold neXtProt medium confidence from single evidence A confidence statement from single evidence related to assertions supported by moderately trusted evidence. CIO:0000004 silver A confidence statement from single evidence related to assertions supported by moderately trusted evidence. Bgee:fbb neXtProt silver low confidence from single evidence A confidence statement from single evidence related to assertions supported by not-trusted evidence. CIO:0000005 bronze A confidence statement from single evidence related to assertions supported by not-trusted evidence. Bgee:fbb bronze neXtProt confidence statement from multiple evidence lines of same type A confidence statement from multiple evidence lines, all using a same experimental or computational type. CIO:0000006 A confidence statement from multiple evidence lines, all using a same experimental or computational type. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from multiple evidence lines of multiple types A confidence statement from multiple evidence lines, of different experimental or computational types. CIO:0000007 A confidence statement from multiple evidence lines, of different experimental or computational types. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of multiple types A confidence statement from multiple evidence lines of multiple types, that are all congruent. CIO:0000008 A confidence statement from multiple evidence lines of multiple types, that are all congruent. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from conflicting evidence lines of multiple types A confidence statement from multiple evidence lines of multiple types, some of which being contradictory. CIO:0000009 A confidence statement from multiple evidence lines of multiple types, some of which being contradictory. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from strongly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types 0 0 A confidence statement from conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, where evidence lines are in strong contradiction, meaning that the supporting evidence lines yield different conclusion, several of them being equally likely to be true. CIO:0000010 A confidence statement from conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, where evidence lines are in strong contradiction, meaning that the supporting evidence lines yield different conclusion, several of them being equally likely to be true. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types A confidence statement from conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, where evidence lines are in weak contradiction, meaning that the overall supported assertion is believed to be true, but a subset of less-reliable evidence lines are in contradiction. CIO:0000011 A confidence statement from conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, where evidence lines are in weak contradiction, meaning that the overall supported assertion is believed to be true, but a subset of less-reliable evidence lines are in contradiction. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of multiple types, overall confidence high A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall high confidence level. CIO:0000012 Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall high confidence level. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of multiple types, overall confidence medium A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall moderately trusted confidence level. CIO:0000013 Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall moderately trusted confidence level. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of multiple types, overall confidence low A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall not-trusted confidence level. CIO:0000014 Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall not-trusted confidence level. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from conflicting evidence lines of same type CIO:0000015 Confidence statement from multiple evidence lines of same type, some of which being contradictory. Bgee:fbb Confidence statement from multiple evidence lines of same type, some of which being contradictory. confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of same type CIO:0000016 Confidence statement from multiple evidence lines of same type, that are all congruent. Bgee:fbb Confidence statement from multiple evidence lines of same type, that are all congruent. confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of same type, overall confidence high A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of same type, of an overall high confidence level. CIO:0000017 Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of same type, of an overall high confidence level. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of same type, overall confidence low A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of same type, of an overall not-trusted confidence level. CIO:0000018 Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of same type, of an overall not-trusted confidence level. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of same type, overall confidence medium A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of same type, of an overall moderately trusted confidence level. CIO:0000019 Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. A confidence statement from congruent evidence lines of same type, of an overall moderately trusted confidence level. Bgee:fbb confidence statement from strongly conflicting evidence lines of same type 0 0 CIO:0000020 Confidence statement from conflicting evidence lines of same type, where evidence lines are in strong contradiction, meaning that the supporting evidence lines yield different conclusion, several of them being equally likely to be true. Bgee:fbb Confidence statement from conflicting evidence lines of same type, where evidence lines are in strong contradiction, meaning that the supporting evidence lines yield different conclusion, several of them being equally likely to be true. confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of same type CIO:0000021 Confidence statement from conflicting evidence lines of same type, where evidence lines are in weak contradiction, meaning that the overall supported assertion is believed to be true, but a subset of less-reliable evidence lines are in contradiction. Bgee:fbb Confidence statement from conflicting evidence lines of same type, where evidence lines are in weak contradiction, meaning that the overall supported assertion is believed to be true, but a subset of less-reliable evidence lines are in contradiction. confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of same type, overall confidence high CIO:0000022 Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of same type, of an overall high confidence level. Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting (not contradicting) the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion, even if contradicted by one other low-confidence evidence). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. Bgee:fbb Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of same type, of an overall high confidence level. confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of same type, overall confidence low CIO:0000023 Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of same type, of an overall not-trusted confidence level. Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting (not contradicting) the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion, even if contradicted by one other low-confidence evidence). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. Bgee:fbb Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of same type, of an overall not-trusted confidence level. confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of same type, overall confidence medium CIO:0000024 Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of same type, of an overall moderately trusted confidence level. Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting (not contradicting) the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion, even if contradicted by one other low-confidence evidence). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. Bgee:fbb Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of same type, of an overall moderately trusted confidence level. confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, overall confidence high CIO:0000025 Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall high confidence level. Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting (not contradicting) the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion, even if contradicted by one other low-confidence evidence). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. Bgee:fbb Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall high confidence level. confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, overall confidence low CIO:0000026 Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall not-trusted confidence level. Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting (not contradicting) the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion, even if contradicted by one other low-confidence evidence). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. Bgee:fbb Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall not-trusted confidence level. confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, overall confidence medium CIO:0000027 Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall moderately trusted confidence level. Different strategies can be used to define the overall confidence level: for instance, it could be defined based on the confidence level of the most trusted evidence, from the set of evidence lines supporting (not contradicting) the assertion; or, it could be defined based on the number of evidence lines supporting the assertion (e.g., 10 congruent low-confidence evidence lines could allow to have an overall high confidence in an assertion, even if contradicted by one other low-confidence evidence). It is the responsibility of annotation teams to define and communicate the parameters, pertinent to their field, allowing to produce overall confidence levels. Bgee:fbb Confidence statement from weakly conflicting evidence lines of multiple types, of an overall moderately trusted confidence level. confidence level A confidence information element representing the different levels of confidence, used to compose confidence information statements. CIO:0000028 A confidence information element representing the different levels of confidence, used to compose confidence information statements. Bgee:fbb high confidence level A confidence level representing a high trust in an evidence. CIO:0000029 A confidence level representing a high trust in an evidence. Bgee:fbb medium confidence level A confidence level representing a moderate trust in an evidence. CIO:0000030 A confidence level representing a moderate trust in an evidence. Bgee:fbb low confidence level A confidence level representing an absence of trust in an evidence. CIO:0000031 A confidence level representing an absence of trust in an evidence. Bgee:fbb evidence concordance A confidence information element representing the type of concordance of evidence lines supporting an assertion, used to compose confidence information statements. CIO:0000032 Subclasses are used to define whether there is a single evidence, or multiple evidence lines, in support of an assertion, and whether they are congruent or conflicting. A confidence information element representing the type of concordance of evidence lines supporting an assertion, used to compose confidence information statements. Bgee:fbb congruent An evidence concordance of multiple evidence lines that are congruent. CIO:0000033 The assumption here is that assertions supported by a single evidence are less trustworthy than assertions supported by multiple evidence lines. An evidence concordance of multiple evidence lines that are congruent. Bgee:fbb conflicting An assertion can have several related evidence lines, some supporting the assertion, and some rejecting the assertion (e.g., using the NOT qualifier in GO annotations). An evidence concordance of multiple evidence lines that are conflicting. CIO:0000034 An evidence concordance of multiple evidence lines that are conflicting. Bgee:fbb strongly conflicting A conflicting concordance for evidence lines that are strongly conflicting. CIO:0000035 We distinguish two levels of conflict: weak conflict between evidence lines, e.g., a low confidence evidence negating an assertion, versus several high confidence evidence lines supporting the assertion; and strong conflict between evidence lines, e.g., two high confidence evidence lines contradicting each other. Note that strongly conflicting evidence lines are not used to produce confidence information statements associated to a confidence level (low, medium, high): in that case, the supported assertion is believed to need further validation, as evidence lines yield different conclusions of similar confidence. A conflicting concordance for evidence lines that are strongly conflicting. Bgee:fbb weakly conflicting A conflicting concordance for evidence lines that are weakly conflicting. CIO:0000036 We distinguish two levels of conflict: weak conflict between evidence lines, e.g., a low confidence evidence negating an assertion, versus several high confidence evidence lines supporting the assertion; and strong conflict between evidence lines, e.g., two high confidence evidence lines contradicting each other. A conflicting concordance for evidence lines that are weakly conflicting. Bgee:fbb same type An evidence type concordance for evidence lines that are from a same type. CIO:0000037 An evidence type concordance for evidence lines that are from a same type. Bgee:fbb different type An evidence type concordance for evidence lines that are from different types. CIO:0000038 An evidence type concordance for evidence lines that are from different types. Bgee:fbb rejected A confidence statement from single evidence related to assertions that have been rejected, for instance, following paper retraction, author misinterpretation, or curator misinterpretation. CIO:0000039 When results are retracted, associated annotations are often removed. Consequently, end-users might not be aware that the result was annotated. Annotating an assertion with this confidence term allows to keep the information available. Such assertions should not interfer with aggregation of multiple evidence lines to generate a confidence level from the branch CIO:0000002 "confidence from multiple evidence lines". This is different from negative annotations, used to negate the interpretation of an annotation. It is also different from conflicting multiple evidence lines, where each single evidence has not been directly invalidated. Rejection is a stronger assertion about an annotation source than conflict, capturing that this evidence should no longer be used. A confidence statement from single evidence related to assertions that have been rejected, for instance, following paper retraction, author misinterpretation, or curator misinterpretation. Bgee:fbb confidence information element CIO:0000040 Confidence information element represent intrinsic properties of confidence information statements, allowing to compose them. Bgee:fbb Confidence information element represent intrinsic properties of confidence information statements, allowing to compose them. evidence type concordance A confidence information element representing the concordance of experimental or computational types of evidence lines supporting an assertion, used to compose confidence information statements. CIO:0000041 The assumption here is that assertions supported by evidence lines of different experimental or computational types are more trustworthy than assertions supported by evidence lines of a same experimental or computational type. A confidence information element representing the concordance of experimental or computational types of evidence lines supporting an assertion, used to compose confidence information statements. Bgee:fbb single evidence An evidence concordance for confidence information about an assertion produced from a single evidence. CIO:0000042 The assumption here is that assertions supported by a single evidence are less trustworthy than assertions supported by multiple evidence lines. An evidence concordance for confidence information about an assertion produced from a single evidence. Bgee:fbb concordance of multiple evidence lines An evidence concordance for confidence information about an assertion produced from multiple evidence lines. CIO:0000043 The assumption here is that assertions supported by a single evidence are less trustworthy than assertions supported by multiple evidence lines. An evidence concordance for confidence information about an assertion produced from multiple evidence lines. Bgee:fbb