event_id,event_name,event_description,event_type,person_id,event_year_ah,person_age_at_event,event_year_offset,event_reference_id,event_year_calculation,event_location,event_location_reference_id,bce_year,ussher_am_year,ussher_bce_year,ussher_paragraph_number,shulman_am_year,event_notes
Creation,The Creation,All of Creation was formed by G-d's spoken word. (GEN 1:1-31),Unique,YHVH_1,1,,,,,,,3961,1,4004,1,0,"Seven days of creation (GEN 2:2)
[Ussher date p17]"
Birth_Adam_1,Birth of Adam,"God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them. (GEN 1:27)
God saw all that He had made, and behold, it was very good. And there was evening and there was morning, THE SIXTH DAY. (GEN 1:31)",Birth,Adam_1,1,0,,GEN 1:27,,West of Eden,GEN 2:8,3961,1,4004,7,0,"Adam was CREATED (not born) on the 6th day.
[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p17]"
Birth_Seth_1,Birth of Seth,"When Adam had lived ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY YEARS, he became the father of a son in his own likeness, according to his image, and named him Seth. (GEN 5:3)",Birth,Seth_1,131,0,130,GEN 5:3,"The year of Seth_1's birth is the year his father, Adam_1, was born (1) + the age of his father at Seth_1's birth (130) = 131",,,3831,130,3874,13,130,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Birth_Enosh_1,Birth of Enosh,"Seth lived ONE HUNDRED AND FIVE YEARS, and became the father of Enosh. (GEN 5:6)",Birth,Enosh_1,236,0,105,GEN 5:6,"The year of Enosh_1's birth is the year his father, Seth_1, was born (131) + the age of his father at Enosh_1's birth (105) = 236",,,3726,235,3769,14,235,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Birth_Kenan_1,Birth of Kenan,"Enosh lived NINETY YEARS, and became the father of Kenan. (GEN 5:9)",Birth,Kenan_1,326,0,90,GEN 5:9,"The year of Kenan_1's birth is the year his father, Enosh_1, was born (236) + the age of his father at Kenan_1's birth (90) = 326",,,3636,325,3679,15,325,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Birth_Mahalalel_1,Birth of Mahalalel,"Kenan lived SEVENTY YEARS, and became the father of Mahalalel. (GEN 5:12)",Birth,Mahalalel_1,396,0,70,GEN 5:12,"The year of Mahalalel_1's birth is the year his father, Kenan_1, was born (326) + the age of his father at Mahalalel_1's birth (70) = 396",,,3566,395,3609,16,395,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Birth_Jared_1,Birth of Jared,"Mahalalel lived SIXTY-FIVE YEARS, and became the father of Jared. (GEN 5:15)",Birth,Jared_1,461,0,65,GEN 5:15,"The year of Jared_1's birth is the year his father, Mahalalel_1, was born (396) + the age of his father at Jared_1's birth (65) = 461",,,3501,460,3544,17,460,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Birth_Enoch_2,Birth of Enoch,"Jared lived ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-TWO YEARS, and became the father of Enoch. (GEN 5:18)",Birth,Enoch_2,623,0,162,GEN 5:18,"The year of Enoch_2's birth is the year his father, Jared_1, was born (461) + the age of his father at Enoch_2's birth (162) = 623",,,3339,622,3382,18,622,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Birth_Methuselah_1,Birth of Methuselah,"Enoch lived SIXTY-FIVE YEARS, and became the father of Methuselah. (GEN 5:21)",Birth,Methuselah_1,688,0,65,GEN 5:21,"The year of Methuselah_1's birth is the year his father, Enoch_2, was born (623) + the age of his father at Methuselah_1's birth (65) = 688",,,3274,687,3317,19,687,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Birth_Lamech_2,Birth of Lamech,"Methuselah lived ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-SEVEN YEARS, and became the father of Lamech. (GEN 5:25)",Birth,Lamech_2,875,0,187,GEN 5:25,"The year of Lamech_2's birth is the year his father, Methuselah_1, was born (688) + the age of his father at Lamech_2's birth (187) = 875",,,3087,874,3130,20,874,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Death_Adam_1,Death of Adam,"So all the days that Adam lived were NINE HUNDRED AND THIRTY YEARS, and he died. (GEN 5:5)",Death,Adam_1,931,930,930,GEN 5:5,The year of Adam_1's death is his birth year (1) + his age at death (930) = 931,,,3031,930,3074,21,930,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Death_Enoch_2,Death of Enoch,"So all the days of Enoch were THREE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FIVE YEARS. (GEN 5:23)
Enoch walked with God; and he was not, for God took him. (GEN 5:24)",Death,Enoch_2,988,365,365,GEN 5:23,The year of Enoch_2's death is his birth year (623) + his age at death (365) = 988,,,2974,987,3017,22,987,"Enoch did not die but was ""taken"".
[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Death_Seth_1,Death of Seth,"So all the days of Seth were NINE HUNDRED AND TWELVE YEARS, and he died. (GEN 5:8)",Death,Seth_1,1043,912,912,GEN 5:8,The year of Seth_1's death is his birth year (131) + his age at death (912) = 1043,,,2919,1042,2962,23,1042,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Birth_Noah_1,Birth of Noah,"Lamech lived ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-TWO YEARS, and became the father of a son. Now he called his name Noah, saying, ""This one will give us rest from our work and from the toil of our hands arising from the ground which the LORD has cursed."" (GEN 5:28-29)",Birth,Noah_1,1057,0,182,GEN 5:28,"The year of Noah_1's birth is the year his father, Lamech_2, was born (875) + the age of his father at Noah_1's birth (182) = 1057",,,2905,1056,2948,24,1056,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p18]"
Death_Enosh_1,Death of Enosh,"So all the days of Enosh were NINE HUNDRED AND FIVE YEARS, and he died. (GEN 5:11)",Death,Enosh_1,1141,905,905,GEN 5:11,The year of Enosh_1's death is his birth year (236) + his age at death (905) = 1141,,,2821,1140,2864,25,1140,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p19]"
Death_Kenan_1,Death of Kenan,"So all the days of Kenan were NINE HUNDRED AND TEN YEARS, and he died. (GEN 5:14)",Death,Kenan_1,1236,910,910,GEN 5:14,The year of Kenan_1's death is his birth year (326) + his age at death (910) = 1236,,,2726,1235,2769,26,1235,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p19]"
Death_Mahalalel_1,Death of Mahalalel,"So all the days of Mahalalel were EIGHT HUNDRED AND NINETY-FIVE YEARS, and he died. (GEN 5:17)",Death,Mahalalel_1,1291,895,895,GEN 5:17,The year of Mahalalel_1's death is his birth year (396) + his age at death (895) = 1291,,,2671,1290,2714,27,1290,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p19]"
Death_Jared_1,Death of Jared,"So all the days of Jared were NINE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-TWO YEARS, and he died. (GEN 5:20)",Death,Jared_1,1423,962,962,GEN 5:20,The year of Jared_1's death is his birth year (461) + his age at death (962) = 1423,,,2539,1422,2582,28,1422,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p19]"
Birth_Shem_1,Birth of Shem,"Noah was FIVE HUNDRED YEARS OLD, and Noah became the father of Shem, Ham, and Japheth. (GEN 5:32)",Birth,Shem_1,1560,0,503,GEN 5:32,"The year of Shem_1's birth is the year his father, Noah_1, was born (1057) + the age of his father at Shem_1's birth (503) = 1560",,,2402,1558,2446,31,1556,"The Flood ENDED when Noah was 601 (GEN 8:13). 
Two years after the Flood ENDED, Noah was 603 years old. (math)
Two years after the Flood ENDED, Shem is 100 years old and sires Arpachshad (GEN 11:10).
This means that Shem was born 100 years prior, in the 503rd year of Noah's life.

Unless they were triplets (unlikely) and all born when Noah was 500 years old (GEN 5:32), Noah's sons were born in different years AFTER he reached the age of 500.  Genesis 9:22, 24 state that Ham is the youngest.  However, neither the Hebrew and Greek texts of Genesis 10:21 are clear as to whether Shem or Japheth is the elder son.
Ussher has Japheth as the elder son born when Noah is 500 years old in 1556 AM/2448 BCE

[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p19]"
Death_Lamech_2,Death of Lamech,"So all the days of Lamech were SEVEN HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-SEVEN YEARS, and he died. (GEN 5:31)",Death,Lamech_2,1652,777,777,GEN 5:31,The year of Lamech_2's death is his birth year (875) + his age at death (777) = 1652,,,2310,1651,2353,32,1651,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p19]"
Death_Methuselah_1,Death of Methuselah,"So all the days of Methuselah were NINE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-NINE YEARS, and he died. (GEN 5:27)",Death,Methuselah_1,1657,969,969,GEN 5:27,The year of Methuselah_1's death is his birth year (688) + his age at death (969) = 1657,,,2305,1656,2349,33,1656,"Methuselah lived 969 years, longer than any other person ever recorded. Methuselah died just before the time of the Flood.
[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p19]"
Begin_Flood,The Flood began,"In the SIX HUNDREDTH YEAR of Noah's life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on the same day all the fountains of the great deep burst open, and the floodgates of the sky were opened. The rain fell upon the earth for forty days and forty nights. (GEN 7:11-12)",Begin,Noah_1,1657,600,600,GEN 7:11,The year the Flood began is the year of Noah_1's birth (1057) + his age when the Flood began (600) = 1657,,,2305,1656,2349,35,1656,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p19]"
End_Flood,The Flood ended,"Now it came about in the SIX HUNDRED AND FIRST YEAR, in the first month, on the first of the month, the water was dried up from the earth. Then Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and behold, the surface of the ground was dried up. (GEN 8:13)",End,Noah_1,1658,601,601,GEN 8:13,The year the Flood ended is the year of Noah_1's birth (1057) + his age when the Flood ended (601) = 1658,,,2304,1657,2348,40,1657,"The Flood began on the 17th day of the 2nd month during Noah's 600th year of life (GEN 7:11).
Noah's birth date could have fallen on ANY date after that up to the 1st day of the 1st month the following year since the Flood ended in the 601st year of Noah's life (GEN 8:13).  The water abated and the land was dry at the end of the second month (GEN 8:14).
[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p19]"
Covenant_with_Noah,G-d makes a covenant with Noah,"Then God spoke to Noah and to his sons with him, saying, ""Now behold, I Myself do establish My covenant with you, and with your descendants after you; and with every living creature that is with you, the birds, the cattle, and every beast of the earth with you; of all that comes out of the ark, even every beast of the earth.  I establish My covenant with you; and all flesh shall never again be cut off by the water of the flood, neither shall there again be a flood to destroy the earth."" (GEN 9:8-11)",Covenant,Noah_1,1658,601,,GEN 9:9,The year of Noah's covenant is the year the Flood ended = 1658,,,2304,1657,2348,42,1657,"[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p21]"
Birth_Arpachshad_1,Birth of Arpachshad,"These are the records of the generations of Shem. Shem was ONE HUNDRED YEARS OLD, and became the father of Arpachshad TWO YEARS after the flood; (GEN 11:10)",Birth,Arpachshad_1,1660,0,100,GEN 11:10,"The year of Arpachshad_1's birth is the year his father, Shem_1, was born (1560) + the age of his father at Arpachshad_1's birth (100) = 1660. (This is also TWO years after the Flood ended (1658+2) = 1660)",,,2302,1658,2346,44,1658,"Shem was 100 years old when Arpachshad was born... two years after the Flood ENDED.
[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p21]"
Birth_Shelah_1,Birth of Shelah,"Arpachshad lived THIRTY-FIVE YEARS, and became the father of Shelah; (GEN 11:12)",Birth,Shelah_1,1695,0,35,GEN 11:12,"The year of Shelah_1's birth is the year his father, Arpachshad_1, was born (1660) + the age of his father at Shelah_1's birth (35) = 1695",,,2267,1693,2311,45,1693,"[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p21]"
Birth_Eber_1,Birth of Eber,"Shelah lived THIRTY YEARS, and became the father of Eber; (GEN 11:14)",Birth,Eber_1,1725,0,30,GEN 11:14,"The year of Eber_1's birth is the year his father, Shelah_1, was born (1695) + the age of his father at Eber_1's birth (30) = 1725",,,2237,1723,2281,46,1723,"[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p21]"
Birth_Peleg_1,Birth of Peleg,"Eber lived THIRTY-FOUR YEARS, and became the father of Peleg; (GEN 11:16)",Birth,Peleg_1,1759,0,34,GEN 11:16,"The year of Peleg_1's birth is the year his father, Eber_1, was born (1725) + the age of his father at Peleg_1's birth (34) = 1759",,,2203,1757,2247,47,1757,"[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p21]"
Birth_Reu_1,Birth of Reu,"Peleg lived THIRTY YEARS, and became the father of Reu; (GEN 11:18)",Birth,Reu_1,1789,0,30,GEN 11:18,"The year of Reu_1's birth is the year his father, Peleg_1, was born (1759) + the age of his father at Reu_1's birth (30) = 1789",,,2173,1787,2217,51,1787,"[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p22]"
Birth_Serug_1,Birth of Serug,"Reu lived THIRTY-TWO YEARS, and became the father of Serug; (GEN 11:20)",Birth,Serug_1,1821,0,32,GEN 11:20,"The year of Serug_1's birth is the year his father, Reu_1, was born (1789) + the age of his father at Serug_1's birth (32) = 1821",,,2141,1819,2185,53,1819,"[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p22]"
Birth_Nahor_1,Birth of Nahor,"Serug lived THIRTY YEARS, and became the father of Nahor; (GEN 11:22)",Birth,Nahor_1,1851,0,30,GEN 11:22,"The year of Nahor_1's birth is the year his father, Serug_1, was born (1821) + the age of his father at Nahor_1's birth (30) = 1851",,,2111,1849,2155,54,1849,"[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p22]"
Birth_Terah_1,Birth of Terah,"Nahor lived TWENTY-NINE YEARS, and became the father of Terah; (GEN 11:24)",Birth,Terah_1,1880,0,29,GEN 11:24,"The year of Terah_1's birth is the year his father, Nahor_1, was born (1851) + the age of his father at Terah_1's birth (29) = 1880",,,2082,1878,2126,55,1878,"[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p22]"
Birth_Haran_1,Birth of Haran*,"Terah lived SEVENTY YEARS, and became the father of Abram, Nahor and Haran. (GEN 11:26)
The days of Terah were TWO HUNDRED AND FIVE YEARS; and Terah died in Haran. (GEN 11:32)
Now Abram was SEVENTY-FIVE YEARS old when he departed from Haran. (GEN 12:4)
[Terah was 205 when he died in Haran and Abram was 75 left Haran when Terah died (Acts 7:4).
This means Terah was 130 when Abram was born so either Nahor or Haran was born when Terah was 70.]",Birth,Haran_1,1950,0,70,GEN 11:26,"The year of Haran_1's birth is the year his father, Terah_1, was born (1880) + the age of his father at Haran_1's birth (70) = 1950",Ur of the Chaldeans,GEN 11:28,2012,1948,2056,59,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Terah was at least 70 years old when Abram was born. (GEN 11:26)
Unless they were triplets, Abram, Nahor, and Haran were not born the same year.
Terah was 205 when he died in Haran. Abram was 75 and left Haran when Terah died (Acts 7:4).
This means Terah was 130 (math: 205-75) when Abram was born and either Nahor or Haran was born to Terah when he was 70.
No other details are available for Nahor so my hypothesis is that Haran was the one born when Terah was 70.
[Ussher date p22]"
Death_Peleg_1,Death of Peleg,"Peleg lived thirty years, and became the father of Reu; and Peleg lived TWO HUNDRED AND NINE YEARS after he became the father of Reu, and he had other sons and daughters. (GEN 11:18-19)",Death,Peleg_1,1998,239,209,GEN 11:19,"The year of Peleg_1's death is the year his son, Reu_1, was born  (1789) + the years Peleg_1 lived after his son's birth (209) = 1998",,,1964,1996,2008,61,1996,"30 years + 209 years = 239 years total.
The FIRST death after the Flood recorded in Scripture was Peleg, a man born AFTER the Flood.
[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p22]"
Tower_of_Babel,Tower of Babel and the dispersion of humanity*,"They said, “Come, let us build for ourselves a city, and a tower whose top will reach into heaven, and let us make for ourselves a name, otherwise we will be scattered abroad over the face of the whole earth.”
“Come, let Us go down and there confuse their language, so that they will not understand one another’s speech.”
So the LORD scattered them abroad from there over the face of the whole earth; and they stopped building the city. (GEN 11:4, 7-8)",Unique,,1998,,,GEN 10:25,The year of the Tower of Babel and the dispersion of humanity is the year of Peleg's death = 1998,,,1964,1762,2242,49,1996,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Gen 10:25 notes Peleg [Hebrew: פָּלַג - to divide] was named such ""for in his days the earth was divided"".  The Tower of Babel and the dispersion of humanity must have occurred before his death.
EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Seder Olam Rabbah states that the dispersion was 340 years after the Flood.
[Shulman date p21]
Ussher states: Nineteen hundred and three years elapsed from this time to the capture of Babylon by Alexander the Great.  This calculation was made according to the astronomical observations by Porphyry and the number of years is as we find recorded in Simplicius {Simplicius, De Caelo, 1.2}
[Ussher date p22]"
Death_Nahor_1,Death of Nahor,"Nahor lived twenty-nine years, and became the father of Terah; and Nahor lived ONE HUNDRED AND NINETEEN YEARS after he became the father of Terah, and he had other sons and daughters. (GEN 11:24)",Death,Nahor_1,1999,148,119,GEN 11:25,"The year of Nahor_1's death is the year his son, Terah_1, was born  (1880) + the years Nahor_1 lived after his son's birth (119) = 1999",,,1963,1997,2007,62,1997,"29 years + 119 years = 148 years total
The SECOND death after the Flood recorded in Scripture was Nahor, a man born AFTER the Flood.
[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p22]"
Death_Noah_1,Death of Noah,Noah lived THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY YEARS after the flood. (GEN 9:28),Death,Noah_1,2008,951,350,GEN 9:29,The year of Noah_1's death is the year the Flood ended (1658) + the years he lived afterward (350) = 2008,,,1954,2006,1998,63,2006,"The Flood concluded in the 601st year of Noah's life: 601 years + 350 years = 951 years
The THIRD death after the Flood recorded in Scripture was Noah.
[Shulman date p15]
[Ussher date p22]"
Birth_Abram_1,Birth of Abram,"Terah lived SEVENTY YEARS, and became the father of Abram, Nahor and Haran. (GEN 11:26)
The days of Terah were TWO HUNDRED AND FIVE YEARS; and Terah died in Haran. (GEN 11:32)
Now Abram was SEVENTY-FIVE YEARS old when he departed from Haran. (GEN 12:4)
[Terah was 205 when he died in Haran. Abram was 75 and left Haran when Terah died (Acts 7:4).
This means Terah was 130 when Abram was born.]",Birth,Abram_1,2010,0,130,GEN 12:4,"The year of Abram_1's birth is the year his father, Terah_1, was born (1880) + the age of his father at Abram_1's birth (130) = 2010",,,1952,2008,1996,64,1948,"Terah was at least 70 years old when Abram was born. (GEN 11:26)
Terah was 205 when he died in Haran. (GEN 11:32)
Abram was 75 (GEN 12:4) and left Haran when Terah died (Acts 7:4). 
This means Terah was 130 when Abram was born.
[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p22]"
Birth_Sarai_1,Birth of Sarai,"Then Abraham fell on his face and laughed, and said in his heart, ""Will a child be born to a man ONE HUNDRED YEARS old? And will Sarah, who is NINETY YEARS old, bear a child?"" (GEN 17:17)",Birth,Sarai_1,2020,0,10,GEN 17:17,"The year of Sarai_1's birth is the the year her husband,Abram_1, was born (2010) + their difference in age (10 years) = 2020",,,1942,2018,1986,65,,"Sarah was 90 when Abraham was 100 (GEN 17:17) so Sarah was 10 years younger than Abraham.
[Ussher date p22]"
Death_Reu_1,Death of Reu,"Reu lived THIRTY-TWO YEARS, and became the father of Serug; and Reu lived TWO HUNDRED AND SEVEN YEARS after he became the father of Serug, and he had other sons and daughters. (GEN 11:20)",Death,Reu_1,2028,239,207,GEN 11:21,"The year of Reu_1's death is the year his son, Serug_1, was born  (1821) + the years Reu_1 lived after his son's birth (207) = 2028",,,1934,2026,1978,67,2026,"32 years + 207 years = 239 years total
[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p23]"
Death_Serug_1,Death of Serug,"Serug lived THIRTY YEARS, and became the father of Nahor; and Serug lived TWO HUNDRED AND SEVEN YEARS after he became the father of Nahor, and he had other sons and daughters. (GEN 11:22)",Death,Serug_1,2051,230,200,GEN 11:23,"The year of Serug_1's death is the year his son, Nahor_1, was born  (1851) + the years Serug_1 lived after his son's birth (200) = 2051",,,1911,2049,1955,68,2049,"30 years + 200 years = 230 years total
[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p23]"
Death_Haran_1,Death of Haran*,"Haran died in the presence of his father Terah in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldeans. (GEN 11:28)",Death,Haran_1,2080,130,,GEN 11:28,The year of Haran_1's death is the year Terah and Abram depart Ur = 2080,Ur of the Chaldeans,GEN 11:28,1882,,,59,,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Haran's death prompted Terah and his family to leave Ur."
Abram_departed_Ur,Abram departed Ur*,"Terah took Abram his son, and Lot the son of Haran, his grandson, and Sarai his daughter-in-law, his son Abram’s wife; and they went out together from Ur of the Chaldeans in order to enter the land of Canaan; and they went as far as Haran, and settled there. (GEN 11:31)",Travel,Abram_1,2080,70,70,GEN 11:31,The year Abram_1 departed Ur is his birth year (2010) + his age when he departed (70) = 2080,,,1882,2083,1922,71,,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL HISTORY:
The history of Israel recounts that Abram departed Ur when he is 70 years old.  See Genesis Rabbah 38 and Tanna debe Eliyahu 2:25 (probably a portion of Pirke Rabbi Eliezer).
[Ussher date p23]"
Abram_met_Melchizedek,Abram Met Melchizedek,"And Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine; now he was a priest of God Most High. (GEN 14:18) 
After these things the word of the LORD came to Abram in a vision, saying, ""Do not fear, Abram, I am a shield to you; Your reward shall be very great."" (GEN 15:1)",Meeting,Abram_1,2084,74,-1,GEN 14:18,The year Abram met Melchizedek is the year Abram receives the Promise (2085) - 1 year = 2084,,,1878,2092,1912,77,,"Abram's meeting with Melchizedek occurred just prior to the Promise.
[Ussher date p25]"
Death_Terah_1,Death of Terah,The days of Terah were TWO HUNDRED AND FIVE YEARS and Terah died in Haran. (GEN 11:32),Death,Terah_1,2085,205,205,GEN 11:32,The year of Terah_1's death is his birth year (1880) + his age at his death (205) = 2085,Haran,GEN 11:32,1877,2083,1921,71,2083,"[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p23]"
Abram_departed_Haran,Abram departed Haran,So Abram went forth as the LORD had spoken to him; and Lot went with him. Now Abram was SEVENTY-FIVE YEARS old when he departed from Haran. (GEN 12:4),Travel,Abram_1,2085,75,75,GEN 12:4,The year Abram_1 departed Haran is his birth year (2010) + his age when he departed (75) = 2085,Haran,GEN 12:4,1877,2083,1921,72,,[Ussher date p25]
Promise_to_Abram_1,The Promise to Abram,"After these things the word of the LORD came to Abram in a vision, saying, ""Do not fear, Abram, I am a shield to you; Your reward shall be very great."" (GEN 15:1)
Then behold, the word of the LORD came to him, saying, ""This man will not be your heir; but one who will come forth from your own body, he shall be your heir."" (GEN 15:4)

Now the promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. He does not say, ""And to seeds,"" as referring to many, but rather to one, ""And to your seed,"" that is, Christ.  What I am saying is this: the Law, which came FOUR HUNDRED AND THIRTY YEARS later, does not invalidate a covenant previously ratified by God, so as to nullify the promise. (GAL 3:16-17)",Unique,Abram_1,2085,75,-430,GEN 15:1,The year Abram receives the Promise is the year of the Covenant at Sinai (2515) - the years between the Covenant and the Promise (430) = 2085,,,1877,2092,1912,78,2018,"The giving of the Law at Mt. Sinai (51 days after the Exodus from Egypt) was 430 years after the giving of the Promise to Abram.
[Shulman date p45]
[Ussher date p25]"
Begin_430_years_promise_to_covenant,Beginning of the 430 years between the promise and the covenant,"Now the promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. He does not say, ""And to seeds,"" as referring to many, but rather to one, ""And to your seed,"" that is, Christ. What I am saying is this: the Law, which came FOUR HUNDRED AND THIRTY YEARS later, does not invalidate a covenant previously ratified by God, so as to nullify the promise.  (GAL 3:16-17)",Begin,Abram_1,2085,75,-430,GEN 15:1,The year the 430-year period began is the year it ended with the covenant at Sinai (2515) - the 430 years it occurred = 2085,,,1877,2092,1912,78,2018,"The giving of the Law at Mt. Sinai (51 days after the Exodus from Egypt) was 430 years after the giving of the Promise to Abram.
[Shulman date p45]
[Ussher date p25]"
Abram_married_Hagar,Abram married Hagar,"After Abram had lived TEN YEARS in the land of Canaan, Abram’s wife Sarai took Hagar the Egyptian, her maid, and gave her to her husband Abram as his wife. (GEN 16:3)",Marriage,Abram_1,2095,85,10,GEN 16:3,The year Abram married Hagar is the year he leaves Haran (2085) + the years passed in the land of Canaan (10) = 2095,,,1867,2093,1911,79,,"Abram married Hagar 10 years after leaving Haran and entering Canaan.
[Ussher date p25]"
Birth_Ishmael_1,Birth of Ishmael,Abram was EIGHTY-SIX YEARS old when Hagar bore Ishmael to him. (GEN 16:16),Birth,Ishmael_1,2096,0,86,GEN 16:16,"The year of Ishmael_1's birth is the year his father, Abram_1, was born (2010) + the age of his father at Ishmael_1's birth (86) = 2096",Canaan,GEN 16:3,1866,2094,1910,80,,[Ussher date p26]
Death_Arpachshad_1,Death of Arpachshad,"Arpachshad lived THIRTY-FIVE YEARS, and became the father of Shelah; and Arpachshad lived FOUR HUNDRED AND THREE YEARS after he became the father of Shelah, and he had other sons and daughters. (GEN 11:12-13)",Death,Arpachshad_1,2098,438,403,GEN 11:13,"The year of Arpachshad_1's death is the year his son, Shelah_1, was born (1695) + the years Arpachshad_1 lived after his son's birth (403) = 2098",,,1864,2096,1908,81,2096,"35 years + 403 years = 438 years total
[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p26]"
Covenant_with_Abram,G-d makes a covenant with Abram and changes his name to Abraham,"Now when Abram was NINETY-NINE YEARS old, the LORD appeared to Abram and said to him, ""I am God Almighty; Walk before Me, and be blameless.  I will establish My covenant between Me and you,  And I will multiply you exceedingly."" (GEN 17:1-2)",Covenant,Abram_1,2109,99,99,GEN 17:1,The year of Abram's covenant is the year he was born (2010) + his age at the time of the covenant (99) = 2109,,,1853,2107,1897,82,,[Ussher date p26]
Abraham_circumcised,Abraham and all his household circumcised,"Then Abraham took Ishmael his son, and all the servants who were born in his house and all who were bought with his money, every male among the men of Abraham's household, and circumcised the flesh of their foreskin in the very same day, as God had said to him. Now Abraham was NINETY-NINE YEARS old when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. And Ishmael his son was THIRTEEN YEARS old when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. In the very same day Abraham was circumcised, and Ishmael his son. All the men of his household, who were born in the house or bought with money from a foreigner, were circumcised with him. (GEN 17:23-27)",Unique,Abram_1,2109,99,99,GEN 17:24,The year of Abraham's circumcision is the year he was born (2010) + his age at circumcision (99) = 2109,,,1853,2107,1897,82,,"Abraham was circumcised when he was 99 years old... the same year Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed.
[Ussher date p26]"
Sodom_destroyed,Sodom and Gomorrah Destroyed,"""I will surely return to you at this time NEXT YEAR; and behold, Sarah your wife will have a son."" And Sarah was listening at the tent door, which was behind him. (GEN 18:10)
 
Then the men rose up from there, and looked down toward Sodom; and Abraham was walking with them to send them off. (GEN 18:16)
 
Then the men turned away from there and went toward Sodom, while Abraham was still standing before the LORD. (GEN 18:22)
 
Then the LORD rained on Sodom and Gomorrah brimstone and fire from the LORD out of heaven, and He overthrew those cities, and all the valley, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and what grew on the ground. (GEN 19:24-25)",Destruction,YHVH_1,2109,,-1,GEN 18:10,The year the LORD destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah is the year before Isaac was born (2110-1) = 2109,,,1853,2107,1897,83,,"The destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah occurred 1 year before Isaac was born. 
Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed 451 years after the Flood.
[Ussher date p26]"
Birth_Moab_1,Birth of Moab*,"The firstborn bore a son, and called his name Moab; he is the father of the Moabites to this day. (GEN 19:37)",Birth,Moab_1,2110,0,1,GEN 19:37,The year of Moab_1's birth is the year Sodom was destroyed (2109) + approximately one year (1) = 2110,Cave near Zoar,GEN 19:30,1852,2108,1896,86,,"Genesis 18 mentions the ""heat of the day"" and the need for water and shade.  This suggests the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah occurred in the summer, late spring, or early fall.  Moab would have been born ~ 9 months after Lot's flight from Sodom and Gomorrah.  This places Moab's birth date in the year following the destruction of those cities.
[Ussher date p26]"
Birth_Ben-ammi_1,Birth of Ben-ammi*,"As for the younger, she also bore a son, and called his name Ben-ammi; he is the father of the sons of Ammon to this day. (GEN 19:38)",Birth,Ben-ammi_1,2110,0,1,GEN 19:38,The year of Ben-ammi_1's birth is the year Sodom was destroyed (2109) + approximately one year (1) = 2110,Cave near Zoar,GEN 19:30,1852,2108,1896,86,,"Genesis 18 mentions the ""heat of the day"" and the need for water and shade.  This suggests the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah occurred in the summer, late spring, or early fall.  Ben-ammi would have been born ~ 9 months after Lot's flight from Sodom and Gomorrah.  This places Ben-ammi's birth date in the year following the destruction of those cities.
[Ussher date p26]"
Birth_Isaac_1,Birth of Isaac,Now Abraham was ONE HUNDRED YEARS old when his son Isaac was born to him. (GEN 21:5),Birth,Isaac_1,2110,0,100,GEN 21:5,"The year of Isaac_1's birth is the year his father, Abram_1, was born (2010) + the age of his father at Isaac_1's birth (100) = 2110",,,1852,2108,1896,86,,[Ussher date p26]
Begin_400_years_of_oppression,Beginning of the 400 years of oppression,"God said to Abram, ""Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a land that is not theirs, where they will be enslaved and oppressed FOUR HUNDRED YEARS. (GEN 15:13)",Begin,Isaac_1,2115,,-400,GEN 15:13,The year the 400-year period of oppression began is the year it ended at the Exodus (2515) - the 400 years it occurred = 2115,,,1847,2113,1891,87,2048,"This period of oppression began with Ishmael mocking Isaac at the feast to celebrate Isaac's weaning (GEN 21:8-9) at age 5.
[Shulman date p45]
[Ussher date p26]"
Death_Shelah_1,Death of Shelah,"Shelah lived thirty years, and became the father of Eber; and Shelah lived FOUR HUNDRED AND THREE YEARS after he became the father of Eber, and he had other sons and daughters. (GEN 11:14-15)",Death,Shelah_1,2128,433,403,GEN 11:15,"The year of Shelah_1's death is the year his son, Eber_1, was born (1725) + the years Shelah_1 lived after his son's birth (403) = 2128",,,1834,2126,1878,89,2126,"30 years + 403 years = 433 years total
[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p27]"
Death_Sarai_1,Death of Sarai,Now Sarah lived ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-SEVEN YEARS; these were the years of the life of Sarah. (GEN 23:1),Death,Sarai_1,2147,127,127,GEN 23:1,The year of Sarai_1's death is the year she was born (2020) + her age at death (127) = 2147,Hebron,GEN 23:2,1815,2145,1859,93,,[Ussher date p27]
Sacrifice_of_Isaac,Sacrifice of Isaac*,"He said, ""Take now your son, your only son, whom you love, Isaac, and go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains of which I will tell you."" (GEN 22:2)",Unique,Isaac_1,2147,37,37,GEN 22:2,The year Isaac_1 was offered as a sacrifice is the year he was born (2110) + his age when sacrificed (37) = 2147,,,1815,2133,1871,91,,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL HISTORY:
The history of Israel recounts that Sarah died when she heard Isaac had been offered as a sacrifice. She was 90 years old when Isaac was born (GEN 17:17) and 127 years old when she died (GEN 23:1), 37 years after Isaac's birth.  Isaac was offered as a sacrifice when he was 37 years old.
See Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 32
[Ussher date p27]"
Isaac_married_Rebekah,Isaac married Rebekah,"and Isaac was FORTY YEARS OLD when he took Rebekah, the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean of Paddan-aram, the sister of Laban the Aramean, to be his wife. (GEN 25:20)",Marriage,Isaac_1,2150,40,40,GEN 25:20,The year Isaac_1 married Rebekah_1 is the year he was born (2110) + his age at marriage (40) = 2150,,,1812,2148,1856,94,,[Ussher date p27]
Death_Shem_1,Death of Shem,"These are the records of the generations of Shem. Shem was ONE HUNDRED YEARS old, and became the father of Arpachshad two years after the flood. (GEN 11:10)
and Shem lived FIVE HUNDRED YEARS, after he became the father of Arpachshad, and he had other sons and daughters. (GEN 11:11)",Death,Shem_1,2160,600,500,GEN 11:11,"The year of Shem_1's death is the year his son, Arpachshad_1 was born (1660) + the years Shem_1 lived after his son's birth (500) = 2160",,,1802,2158,1846,97,2158,"100 years up to Arpachshad's birth (GEN 11:10) + 500 years after Arpachshad's birth (GEN 11:11) = 600 years total
[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p27]"
Birth_Esau_1,Birth of Esau,"Now the first came forth red, all over like a hairy garment; and they named him Esau. Afterward his brother came forth with his hand holding on to Esau's heel, so his name was called Jacob; and Isaac was SIXTY YEARS old when she gave birth to them. (GEN 25:25-26)",Birth,Esau_1,2170,0,60,GEN 25:26,"The year of Esau_1's birth is the year his father, Isaac_1, was born (2110) + the age of his father at Esau_1's birth (60) = 2170",,,1792,2168,1836,99,2108,"[Shulman date p23]
[Ussher date p27]"
Birth_Jacob_1,Birth of Jacob,"Now the first came forth red, all over like a hairy garment; and they named him Esau. Afterward his brother came forth with his hand holding on to Esau's heel, so his name was called Jacob; and Isaac was SIXTY YEARS old when she gave birth to them. (GEN 25:25-26)",Birth,Jacob_1,2170,0,60,GEN 25:26,"The year of Jacob_1's birth is the year his father, Isaac_1, was born (2110) + the age of his father at Jacob_1's birth (60) = 2170",,,1792,2168,1836,99,2108,"[Shulman date p23]
[Ussher date p27]"
Death_Abram_1,Death of Abram,"These are all the years of Abraham's life that he lived, ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-FIVE YEARS. (GEN 25:7)",Death,Abram_1,2185,175,175,GEN 25:7,The year of Abram_1's death is the year he was born (2010) + his age at death (175) = 2185,Cave of Machpelah,GEN 25:9,1777,2183,1821,102,2123,"[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p28]"
Death_Eber_1,Death of Eber,"Eber lived thirty-four years, and became the father of Peleg; and Eber lived FOUR HUNDRED AND THIRTY YEARS after he became the father of Peleg, and he had other sons and daughters. (GEN 11:16-17)",Death,Eber_1,2189,464,430,GEN 11:16,"The year of Eber_1's death is the year his son, Peleg_1 was born (1789) + the years Eber_1 lived after his son's birth (430) = 2189",,,1773,2187,1817,103,2187,"34 years + 430 years = 464 years total
[Shulman date p18]
[Ussher date p28]"
Covenant_with_Isaac,G-d makes a covenant with Isaac*,"The LORD appeared to him and said, ""Do not go down to Egypt; stay in the land of which I shall tell you.  Sojourn in this land and I will be with you and bless you, for to you and to your descendants I will give all these lands, and I will establish the oath which I swore to your father Abraham. (GEN 26:2-3)",Covenant,Isaac_1,2195,85,10,GEN 26:3,The year of Isaac's covenant is the year of Abram_1's death (2185) + 10 years (estimated) = 2195,,,1767,2200,1804,104,,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Isaac dug the wells that had been stopped up (GEN 26:18) AFTER Abraham died.
Redigging the wells happened AFTER Isaac lived in Gerar and offended Abimelech (GEN 26:10) then moved into the valley (GEN 26:17).
The covenant conversation (GEN 26:2-3) happens BEFORE Isaac went to Gerar (GEN 26;6).
Allowing for 10 years after Abraham's death for the wells to be stopped up.
[Ussher date p28]"
Esau_married_Judith_and_Basemath,Esau married Judith and Basemath,"When Esau was FORTY YEARS OLD he married Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Basemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite;",Marriage,Esau_1,2210,40,40,GEN 26:34,The year of Esau_1's first marriage is the year he was born (2170) + his age when he married (40) = 2210,,,1752,2208,1796,106,2148,"[Shulman date p23]
[Ussher date p28]"
Death_Ishmael_1,Death of Ishmael,"These are the years of the life of Ishmael, ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SEVEN YEARS; and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered to his people. (GEN 25:17)",Death,Ishmael_1,2233,137,137,GEN 25:17,The year of Ishmael_1's death is the year he was born (2096) + his age at death (137) = 2233,,,1729,2231,1773,109,2171,"[Shulman date p23]
[Ussher date p29]"
Jacob_deception,Jacob deceives Isaac for the blessing,"And he said, ""Your brother came deceitfully and has taken away your blessing."" Then he said, ""Is he not rightly named Jacob, for he has supplanted me these two times? He took away my birthright, and behold, now he has taken away my blessing."" And he said, ""Have you not reserved a blessing for me?"" (GEN 27:35-36)",Unique,Jacob_1,2247,77,,GEN 27:35,The year of Jacob's deception is the same year he departed to Paddan-aram = 2247,,,1715,2245,1760,112,2171,"[Shulman date p23]
[Ussher date p29]"
Jacob_departed_to_Paddan-aram,Jacob departed to Paddan-aram,"So Isaac called Jacob and blessed him and charged him, and said to him, ""You shall not take a wife from the daughters of Canaan.  Arise, go to Paddan-aram, to the house of Bethuel your mother’s father; and from there take to yourself a wife from the daughters of Laban your mother’s brother. (GEN 28:1-2)",Travel,Jacob_1,2247,77,14,GEN 28:5,"The year Jacob_1 departed to Paddan-aram is the year his son, Joseph_1, was born (2261) - the years he served Laban before his son's birth (14) = 2247",,,1715,2245,1760,112,2171,"Now Joseph was THIRTY YEARS old when he stood before Pharaoh, king of Egypt. And Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh and went through all the land of Egypt. (GEN 41:46) [Joseph is made viceroy at age 30 and would have been 37 at the end of the seven years of plenty. (math)] 

For the famine has been in the land these TWO YEARS, and there are still five years in which there will be neither plowing nor harvesting. (GEN 45:6) 
[Jacob goes to Egypt in the second of the seven years of famine when Joseph would have been 39 (math).]

So Jacob said to Pharaoh, ""The years of my sojourning are ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY; few and unpleasant have been the years of my life, nor have they attained the years that my fathers lived during the days of their sojourning."" (GEN 47:9) 
[Jacob was 130 when he entered the land and Joseph was 39. Jacob would have been 91 when Joseph was born. (math)]

Jacob had served Laban for 14 years when Joseph was born (Jacob told Laban he wanted to return to his country- GEN 30:25) and must have completed his 7 years of service for Leah and 7 years of service for Rachel.

Jacob was 91 years old when Joseph was born.  Subtracting Jacob's 14 years of service to Laban means Jacob was 77 years old when he left for Padan Aram.
[Shulman date p23]
[Ussher date p29]"
Esau_married_Mahalath,Esau married Mahalath,"So Esau saw that the daughters of Canaan displeased his father Isaac; and Esau went to Ishmael, and married, besides the wives that he had, Mahalath the daughter of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, the sister of Nebaioth. (GEN 28:8-9)",Marriage,Esau_1,2247,77,,GEN 28:9,The year of Esau_1's second marriage (2247) is the year Jacob was sent to Paddan-aram = 2247,,,1715,2245,1760,114,2171,"[Shulman date p23]
[Ussher date p29]"
Jacob_married_Leah,Jacob married Leah,So Jacob served SEVEN YEARS for Rachel and they seemed to him but a few days because of his love for her. (GEN 29:20),Marriage,Jacob_1,2254,84,7,GEN 29:20,The year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 is the year he departed for Paddan-aram (2247) + the years he served Laban for Rachel (7) = 2254.  He married Rachel_1 a week later. (GEN 29:27),,,1708,2245,1759,116,,"Jacob served Laban for 7 years before his marriage to Leah (GEN 29:23).  
A week later (GEN 29:27-28) he married Rachel and then served Laban another 7 years after their marriage.
[Ussher date p29]"
Jacob_married_Rachel,Jacob married Rachel,So Jacob served SEVEN YEARS for Rachel and they seemed to him but a few days because of his love for her. (GEN 29:20),Marriage,Jacob_1,2254,69,7,GEN 29:20,The year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 is the year he departed for Paddan-aram (2247) + the years he served Laban for Rachel (7) = 2254.  He married Rachel_1 a week later. (GEN 29:27),,,1708,2245,1759,116,,"Jacob served Laban for 7 years before his marriage to Leah (GEN 29:23).  
A week later (GEN 29:27-28) he married Rachel and then served Laban another 7 years after their marriage.
[Ussher date p29]"
Birth_Reuben_1,Birth of Reuben*,"Leah conceived and bore a son and named him Reuben, for she said, ""Because the LORD has seen my affliction; surely now my husband will love me."" (GEN 29:32)",Birth,Reuben_1,2255,0,1,GEN 29:32,The year of Reuben_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 (2254) + time to conceive and bear a son (1) = 2255,Paddan-aram,"GEN 35:26, GEN 46:15",1707,2246,1758,118,2193,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Leah + ~1 year to conceive and bear a son

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Reuben's birth in the year 2193 AM, 1 year after Leah is given to Jacob in marriage.
[Ussher date p29]"
Birth_Simeon_1,Birth of Simeon*,"Then she conceived again and bore a son and said, ""Because the LORD has heard that I am unloved, He has therefore given me this son also."" So she named him Simeon. (GEN 29:33)",Birth,Simeon_1,2256,0,2,GEN 29:33,The year of Simeon_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 (2254) + time to conceive and bear a second son (2) = 2256,Paddan-aram,"GEN 35:26, GEN 46:15",1706,2247,1757,119,2194,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Leah + ~2 years to conceive and bear a second son

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Simeon's birth in the year 2194 AM, 2 years after Leah is given to Jacob in marriage.
[Ussher date p29]"
Birth_Levi_1,Birth of Levi*,"She conceived again and bore a son and said, ""Now this time my husband will become attached to me, because I have borne him three sons."" Therefore he was named Levi. (GEN 29:34)",Birth,Levi_1,2257,0,3,GEN 29:34,The year of Levi_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 (2254) + time to conceive and bear a third son (3) = 2257,Paddan-aram,"GEN 35:26, GEN 46:15",1705,2248,1756,120,2195,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Leah + ~3 years to conceive and bear a third son

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Levi's birth in the year 2195 AM, 3 years after Leah is given to Jacob in marriage.
[Ussher date p29]"
Birth_Judah_1,Birth of Judah*,"And she conceived again and bore a son and said, ""This time I will praise the LORD."" Therefore she named him Judah. Then she stopped bearing. (GEN 29:35)",Birth,Judah_1,2258,0,4,GEN 29:35,The year of Judah_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 (2254) + time to conceive and bear a fourth son (4) = 2258,Paddan-aram,GEN 35:26,1704,2249,1755,121,2196,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Leah + ~4 years to conceive and bear a fourth son

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Judah's birth in the year 2196 AM, 4 years after Leah is given to Jacob in marriage.
[Ussher date p29]"
Birth_Dan_1,Birth of Dan*,"Then Rachel said, ""God has vindicated me, and has indeed heard my voice and has given me a son."" Therefore she named him Dan. (GEN 30:6)",Birth,Dan_1,2258,0,4,GEN 30:6,The year of Dan_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Rachel_1 (2254) + time for Bilhah_1 to conceive and bear a son (4) = 2258,Paddan-aram,GEN 35:26,1704,,,,2196,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Rachel + ~3 years for her to become frustrated with Leah's fertility and give Bilhah to Jacob + ~1 year for Bilhah to conceive and bear a son

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Dan's birth in the year 2196 AM, 4 years after Rachel is given to Jacob in marriage and 9 months after Rachel gives Bilhah to Jacob."
Birth_Naphtali_1,Birth of Naphtali*,"Rachel’s maid Bilhah conceived again and bore Jacob a second son. So Rachel said, ""With mighty wrestlings I have wrestled with my sister, and I have indeed prevailed."" And she named him Naphtali. (GEN 30:7-8)",Birth,Naphtali_1,2259,0,5,GEN 30:8,The year of Naphtali_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Rachel_1 (2254) + time for Bilhah_1 to conceive and bear a second son (5) = 2259,Paddan-aram,GEN 35:26,1703,,,,2197,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Rachel + ~3 years for her to become frustrated with Leah's fertility and give Bilhah to Jacob + ~2 year for Bilhah to conceive and bear a second son

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Naphtali's birth in the year 2197 AM, 5 years after Rachel is given to Jacob in marriage and 2 years after Rachel gives Bilhah to Jacob."
Birth_Gad_1,Birth of Gad*,"When Leah saw that she had stopped bearing, she took her maid Zilpah and gave her to Jacob as a wife. Leah’s maid Zilpah bore Jacob a son. Then Leah said, ""How fortunate!"" So she named him Gad. (GEN 30:9-11)",Birth,Gad_1,2259,0,5,GEN 30:11,The year of Gad_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 (2254) + time for Zilpah_1 to conceive and bear a son (5) = 2259,Paddan-aram,GEN 35:26,1703,,,,2197,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Leah + ~4 years to bear her fourth son, give Zilpah to Jacob + ~1 year for Zilpah to conceive and bear a son

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Gad's birth in the year 2197 AM, 5 years after Leah is given to Jacob in marriage and 9 months after Leah gives Zilpah to Jacob."
Birth_Asher_1,Birth of Asher*,"Leah’s maid Zilpah bore Jacob a second son. Then Leah said, ""Happy am I! For women will call me happy."" So she named him Asher. (GEN 30:12-13)",Birth,Asher_1,2260,0,6,GEN 30:13,The year of Asher_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 (2254) + time for Zilpah_1 to conceive and bear a second son (6) = 2260,Paddan-aram,GEN 35:26,1702,,,,2198,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Leah + ~4 years to bear her fourth son, give Zilpah to Jacob + ~2 year for Zilpah to conceive and bear a second son

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Asher's birth in the year 2198 AM, 6 years after Leah is given to Jacob in marriage and 21 months after Leah gives Zilpah to Jacob."
Birth_Issachar_1,Birth of Issachar*,"Then Leah said, ""God has given me my wages because I gave my maid to my husband."" So she named him Issachar. (GEN 30:18)",Birth,Issachar_1,2260,0,6,GEN 30:18,The year of Issachar_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 (2254) + time for her to conceive and bear another son (6) = 2260,Paddan-aram,GEN 35:26,1702,,,,2198,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Leah + ~6 years to conceive and bear another son.  All twelve sons were born before Jacob departed Padan-aram after fourteen years of service to Laban.

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Issachar's birth in the year 2198 AM, 6 years after Leah is given to Jacob in marriage."
Birth_Zebulun_1,Birth of Zebulun*,"Leah conceived again and bore a sixth son to Jacob. Then Leah said, ""God has endowed me with a good gift; now my husband will dwell with me, because I have borne him six sons."" So she named him Zebulun. (GEN 30:19-20)",Birth,Zebulun_1,2261,0,7,GEN 30:20,The year of Zebulun_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 (2254) + time for her to conceive and bear another son (7) = 2261,Paddan-aram,GEN 35:26,1701,,,,2199,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Leah + ~7 years to conceive and bear another son.  All twelve sons were born before Jacob departed Padan-aram after fourteen years of service to Laban.

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Zebulun's birth in the year 2199 AM, 7 years after Leah is given to Jacob in marriage."
Birth_Dinah_1,Birth of Dinah*,Afterward she bore a daughter and named her Dinah. (GEN 30:21),Birth,Dinah_1,2261,0,7,GEN 30:21,The year of Dinah_1's birth is the year Jacob_1 married Leah_1 (2254) + time for her to conceive and bear daughter (7) = 2261 (thought to be a twin of Zebulun).,Paddan-aram,GEN 35:26,1701,,,,2199,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Jacob's marriage to Leah + ~7 years to conceive and bear another child.  

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 28) places Dinah's birth in the year 2199 AM as a twin of Zebulun, 7 years after Leah is given to Jacob in marriage.  ""Afterward"" in GEN 30:21 is taken to mean MINUTES afterward.

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL HISTORY:
Dinah is thought to be the twin of Zebulun.
See Ibn Ezra on Genesis 30:21 and Talmud, Bava Batra 123a."
Birth_Joseph_1,Birth of Joseph,"She named him Joseph, saying, ""May the LORD give me another son."" (GEN 30:24)",Birth,Joseph_1,2261,0,91,GEN 30:24,"The year of Joseph_1's birth is the year his father, Jacob_1, was born (2170) + the age of his father at Joseph_1's birth (91) = 2261",Paddan-aram,GEN 35:26,1701,2259,1745,122,2199,"This date is keyed off of the Jacob_goes_to_Egypt event.

Joseph is made viceroy at age 30 (GEN 41:46) and would have been 37 at the end of the seven years of plenty. (math) 
Jacob goes to Egypt in the second of the seven years of famine (GEN 45:6) when Joseph would have been 39. (math) 
Jacob was 130 when he entered Egypt (GEN 47:9) and Joseph was 39, therefore Jacob was 91 when Joseph was born. (math)
[Shulman date p32]
[Ussher date p29]"
Jacob_returned_to_Canaan,Jacob (and family) return to Canaan,"These TWENTY YEARS I have been in your house; I served you fourteen years for your two daughters and six years for your flock, and you changed my wages ten times. (GEN 31:41)
",Travel,Jacob_1,2267,97,20,GEN 31:41,The year Jacob_1 returned to Canaan is the year he arrived in Paddan-aram (2247) + the time he spent there (20) = 2267,Canaan,GEN 33:18,1695,2265,1739,124,2205,"[Shulman date p35]
[Ussher date p30]"
Jacob_wrestles_with_the_angel,Jacob wrestles with the angel and has his name changed to Israel,"Then Jacob was left alone, and a man wrestled with him until daybreak.  When he saw that he had not prevailed against him, he touched the socket of his thigh; so the socket of Jacob’s thigh was dislocated while he wrestled with him.  Then he said, ""Let me go, for the dawn is breaking."" But he said, ""I will not let you go unless you bless me.""  (GEN 32:24-26)",Covenant,Jacob_1,2267,97,,GEN 32:24,The year Jacob_1 wrestles with the angel is the year he departed Paddan-aram to return to Canaan (2267) = 2267,,,1695,2265,1739,125,2205,"[Shulman date p35]
[Ussher date p30]"
Death_Deborah_1,Death of Deborah*,"Now Deborah, Rebekah’s nurse, died, and she was buried below Bethel under the oak; it was named Allon-bacuth. (GEN 35:8)",Death,Deborah_1,2274,,1,GEN 35:8,The year of Deborah_1's death is the year Rachel died (2275) - 1 year (hypothesis) = 2274,Bethel,GEN 35:8,1688,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Deborah died within 1 year prior to Rachel's death."
Death_Rachel_1,Death of Rachel*,"It came about as her soul was departing (for she died), that she named him Ben-oni; but his father called him Benjamin. So Rachel died and was buried on the way to Ephrath (that is, Bethlehem). (GEN 35:18-19)",Death,Rachel_1,2275,,8,GEN 35:18,The year of Rachel_1's death is the year Jacob departed from Laban (2267) + 8 years (estimated) = 2275,Bethlehem,GEN 35:19,1687,,,,,
Birth_Benjamin_1,Birth of Benjamin*,"It came about as her soul was departing (for she died), that she named him Ben-oni; but his father called him Benjamin. So Rachel died and was buried on the way to Ephrath (that is, Bethlehem). (GEN 35:18-19)",Birth,Benjamin_1,2275,0,,GEN 35:18,"The year of Benjamin_1's birth is the year his mother, Rachel_1, died (2275) = 2275",Bethlehem,GEN 35:19,1687,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
This occurred AFTER Jacob left Laban (GEN 31:55), AFTER Jacob wrestled with the man (GEN 32:24), AFTER Jacob met his brother Esau (GEN 33:16), and AFTER the incident at Shechem (GEN 34), but BEFORE he arrived in Bethlehem (GEN 35:19).  

This is within a decade of Jacob's departure from Laban."
Josephs_dream,Joseph's dream,"These are the records of the generations of Jacob. Joseph, when SEVENTEEN YEARS of age, was pasturing the flock with his brothers while he was still a youth, along with the sons of Bilhah and the sons of Zilpah, his father's wives. And Joseph brought back a bad report about them to their father. Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his sons, because he was the son of his old age; and he made him a varicolored tunic. His brothers saw that their father loved him more than all his brothers; and so they hated him and could not speak to him on friendly terms. Then Joseph had a dream, and when he told it to his brothers, they hated him even more. (GEN 37:2-5)",Unique,Joseph_1,2278,17,17,GEN 37:2,The year of Joseph_1's vision is the year he was born (2261) + his age when he had the vision (17) = 2278,Hebron,GEN 37:14,1684,2276,1728,129,2216,"[Shulman date p33]
[Ussher date p30]"
Death_Isaac_1,Death of Isaac,Now the days of Isaac were ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY YEARS. (GEN 35:28),Death,Isaac_1,2290,180,180,GEN 35:28,The year of Isaac_1's death is the year he was born (2110) + his age at death (180) = 2290,,,1672,2288,1716,131,2228,"[Shulman date p35]
[Ussher date p30]"
Joseph_made_viceroy,Joseph made viceroy,"So Pharaoh said to Joseph, ""Since God has informed you of all this, there is no one so discerning and wise as you are. You shall be over my house, and according to your command all my people shall do homage; only in the throne I will be greater than you."" Pharaoh said to Joseph, ""See, I have set you over all the land of Egypt."" Then Pharaoh took off his signet ring from his hand and put it on Joseph's hand, and clothed him in garments of fine linen and put the gold necklace around his neck. He had him ride in his second chariot; and they proclaimed before him, ""Bow the knee!"" And he set him over all the land of Egypt. Moreover, Pharaoh said to Joseph, ""Though I am Pharaoh, yet without your permission no one shall raise his hand or foot in all the land of Egypt."" Then Pharaoh named Joseph Zaphenath-paneah; and he gave him Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On, as his wife. And Joseph went forth over the land of Egypt. Now Joseph was THIRTY YEARS OLD when he stood before Pharaoh, king of Egypt. And Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh and went through all the land of Egypt. (GEN 41:39-46)",Begin,Joseph_1,2291,30,30,GEN 41:46,The year Joseph_1's time as viceroy began is the year he was born (2261) + his age when he became viceroy (30) = 2291,Egypt,GEN 39:1,1671,2289,1715,132,2229,"[Shulman date p33]
[Ussher date p30]"
Begin_Seven_Years_Plenty_Egypt,The seven years of plenty in Egypt began,During the seven years of plenty the land brought forth abundantly. (GEN 41:47),Begin,,2291,,7,GEN 41:47,The year the seven years of plenty in Egypt began is the year it ended (2298) - its duration (7) = 2291,Egypt,GEN 41:48,1671,2289,1715,133,,[Ussher date p30]
Birth_Manasseh_1,Birth of Manasseh*,"Now before the year of famine came, two sons were born to Joseph, whom Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On, bore to him. (GEN 41:50)
Joseph named the firstborn Manasseh, ""For,"" he said, ""God has made me forget all my trouble and all my father’s household."" (GEN 41:51)",Birth,Manasseh_1,2297,0,6,GEN 41:50,"The year of Manasseh_1's birth is the year his father, Joseph_1 became viceroy (2291) + the years BEFORE the famine (6) = 2297",,,1665,2289,1715,133,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Ephraim and Manasseh were twins.

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL HISTORY:
See Seder Hadorot 2233
[Ussher date p31]"
Birth_Ephraim_1,Birth of Ephraim*,"Now before the year of famine came, two sons were born to Joseph, whom Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On, bore to him. (GEN 41:50)
He named the second Ephraim, ""For,"" he said, ""God has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction."" (GEN 41:52)",Birth,Ephraim_1,2297,0,6,GEN 41:50,"The year of Ephraim_1's birth is the year his father, Joseph_1 became viceroy (2291) + the years BEFORE the famine (6) = 2297",,,1665,2289,1715,133,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Ephraim and Manasseh were twins.

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL HISTORY:
See Seder Hadorot 2233
[Ussher date p31]"
End_Seven_Years_Plenty_Egypt,The seven years of plenty in Egypt ended,"When the seven years of plenty which had been in the land of Egypt came to an end, and the seven years of famine began to come, just as Joseph had said, then there was famine in all the lands, but in all the land of Egypt there was bread. (GEN 41:53-54)",End,,2298,,,GEN 41:53,The year the seven years of plenty in Egypt ended is the year the seven-year famine began = 2298,Egypt,GEN 41:53,1664,2296,1708,134,,[Ussher date p31]
Begin_Seven_Years_Famine_Egypt,The seven years of famine in Egypt began,"When the seven years of plenty which had been in the land of Egypt came to an end, and the seven years of famine began to come, just as Joseph had said, then there was famine in all the lands, but in all the land of Egypt there was bread. (GEN 41:53-54)",Begin,,2298,,2,GEN 41:53,The year the seven-year famine in Egypt began is the year Jacob goes to Egypt (2300) - 2 years = 2298,Egypt,GEN 41:53,1664,2296,1708,134,,[Ussher date p31]
Birth_Kohath_1,Birth of Kohath*,"Now these are the names of the sons of Israel, Jacob and his sons, who went to Egypt: Reuben, Jacob's firstborn... The sons of Levi: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. (GEN 46:8, 11) 
 ",Birth,Kohath_1,2300,0,43,GEN 46:11,"The year of Kohath_1's birth is the year his father, Levi_1 was born (2257) + the age of his father at Kohath_1's birth (43) = 2300",Canaan,GEN 46:6,1662,,,,2228,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Kohath was already born when the Israelites went down to Egypt.
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 41) places Kohath's birth in the year 2238AM, when Levi is 43 years old."
Jacob_went_to_Egypt,Jacob went to Egypt,"They took their livestock and their property, which they had acquired in the land of Canaan, and came to Egypt, Jacob and all his descendants with him: (GEN 46:6)
So Jacob said to Pharaoh, ""The years of my sojourning are ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY; few and unpleasant have been the years of my life, nor have they attained the years that my fathers lived during the days of their sojourning."" (GEN 47:9)",Travel,Jacob_1,2300,130,130,GEN 47:9,The year Jacob_1 went to Egypt is his birth year (2170) + his age when he arrives and speaks to Pharaoh (130) = 2300,Goshen,GEN 46:28,1662,2298,1706,139,2238,"Jacob was 130 years old when he arrived in Egypt and spoke with Pharaoh (GEN 47:9) in the second year of the famine (GEN 45:6-9)

Jacob lived to be 147 years old and had arrived in Egypt 17 years earlier (GEN 47:28) .  

Both GEN 47:9 (directly) and GEN 47:28 (via math 147-17=130) affirm that Jacob arrived in Egypt when he was 130 years old. 
** THIS DATE IS CRITICAL TO CALCULATING JOSEPH'S BIRTH. **
[Shulman date p41]
[Ussher date p31]"
End_Seven_Years_Famine_Egypt,The seven years of famine in Egypt ended,The seven years of famine in Egypt ended,End,,2305,,7,,The year the seven-year famine in Egypt ended is the year the famine began (2298) + 7 years = 2305,Egypt,GEN 41:53,1657,,,,,
Death_Jacob_1,Death of Jacob,Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years; so the length of Jacob's life was ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-SEVEN YEARS. (GEN 47:28),Death,Jacob_1,2317,147,147,GEN 47:28,The year of Jacob_1's death is the year he was born (2170) + his age at death (147) = 2317,"Goshen, Egypt","GEN 47:27, GEN 49:33",1645,2315,1689,146,2255,"[Shulman date p35]
[Ussher date p32]"
Birth_Amram_1,Birth of Amram*,The sons of Kohath: Amram and Izhar and Hebron and Uzziel; and the length of Kohath’s life was one hundred and thirty-three years. (EXO 6:18),Birth,Amram_1,2317,0,17,EXO 6:18,"The year of Amram_1's birth is the year his father, Kohath_1 was born (2300) + the age of his father at Amram_1's birth (17) = 2317",Egypt,,1645,,,,2255,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
Amram is not counted among the 70 Israelites who travel down to Egypt so he was born AFTER that event.

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 44) places Amram's birth in the year 2255AM (his date for Jacob's death) when Kohath was 17 years(???) old."
Death_Joseph_1,Death of Joseph,So Joseph died at the age of ONE HUNDRED AND TEN YEARS; and he was embalmed and placed in a coffin in Egypt. (GEN 50:26),Death,Joseph_1,2371,110,110,GEN 50:26,The year of Joseph_1's death is the year he was born (2261) + his age at death (110) = 2371,Egypt,GEN 50:26,1591,2369,1635,149,2309,"[Shulman date p43]
[Ussher date p32]"
Death_Levi_1,Death of Levi,These are the names of the sons of Levi according to their generations: Gershon and Kohath and Merari; and the length of Levi's life was ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SEVEN YEARS. (EXO 6:16),Death,Levi_1,2394,137,137,EXO 6:16,The year of Levi_1's death is the year he was born (2257) + his age at death (137) = 2394,Egypt,,1568,2385,1619,153,2332,"[Shulman date p43]
[Ussher date p33]"
Birth_Aaron_1,Birth of Aaron,"Moses was eighty years old and Aaron EIGHTY-THREE, when they spoke to Pharaoh. (EXO 7:7)
 ",Birth,Aaron_1,2432,0,83,EXO 7:7,The year of Aaron_1's birth is the year of the Exodus (2515) - his age when he spoke with Pharaoh just before the Exodus (83) = 2432,Egypt,,1530,2430,1574,162,2365,"This date is keyed off of the The_Exodus event.

Aaron was 83 when they spoke with Pharaoh at the time of the Exodus so Aaron was born 83 years before the Exodus.
[Shulman date p43]
[Ussher date p34]"
Death_Kohath_1,Death of Kohath,The sons of Kohath: Amram and Izhar and Hebron and Uzziel; and the length of Kohath’s life was ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-THREE YEARS. (EXO 6:18),Death,Kohath_1,2433,133,133,EXO 6:18,The year of Kohath_1's death is the year he was born (2300) + his age at death (133) = 2433,Egypt,,1529,,,,2371,[Shulman date p43]
Birth_Moses_1,Birth of Moses,"The child grew, and she brought him to Pharaoh’s daughter and he became her son. And she named him Moses, and said, ""Because I drew him out of the water."" (EXO 2:10)",Birth,Moses_1,2435,0,80,EXO 7:7,The year of Moses_1's birth is the year of the Exodus (2515) - his age when he spoke with Pharaoh before the Exodus (80) = 2435,Egypt,EXO 2:3,1527,2433,1571,164,2368,"This event is keyed off of the The_Exodus event.

Moses was 80 when he and Aaron spoke with Pharaoh at the time of the Exodus (EXO 7:7) so Moses was born 80 years before the Exodus.
[Shulman date p43]
[Ussher date p34]"
Death_Amram_1,Death of Amram,"Amram married his father’s sister Jochebed, and she bore him Aaron and Moses; and the length of Amram’s life was ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SEVEN YEARS. (Exodus 6:20)",Death,Amram_1,2454,137,137,EXO 6:20,The year of Amram_1's death is the year he was born (2317) + his age at death (137) = 2454,Egypt,,1508,,,,2392,[Shulman date p43]
Birth_Joshua_1,Birth of Joshua*,"The birth of Joshua, Moses' successor.",Birth,Joshua_1,2473,0,42,JOS 24:29,The year of Joshua_1's birth is the year of the Exodus (2515) - his age at the time of the Exodus (42) = 2473,Egypt,,1489,,,,2406,"This event is keyed off of the The_Exodus event.
 
*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 107) places Joshua's birth in the year 2406 AM by working backwards from Joshua's death 14 years (judging while the Tent of Meeting was in Shiloh), 14 years (conquering and apportioning the Land), 40 years (wandering in the wilderness) to the Exodus when Joshua was 42 years old."
Moses_fled_from_Pharaoh,Moses fled from Pharaoh,"Now it came about in those days, when Moses had grown up, that he went out to his brethren and looked on their hard labors; and he saw an Egyptian beating a Hebrew, one of his brethren. When Pharaoh heard of this matter, he tried to kill Moses. But Moses fled from the presence of Pharaoh and settled in the land of Midian, and he sat down by a well. (EXO 2:11, 15)

But when he was approaching the age of FORTY, it entered his mind to visit his brethren, the sons of Israel. And when he saw one of them being treated unjustly, he defended him and took vengeance for the oppressed by striking down the Egyptian. (ACT 7:23-24)",Travel,Moses_1,2475,40,40,ACT 7:23,The year Moses_1 fled from Pharaoh is Moses_1's birth year (2435) + his age when he fled (40) = 2475,Midian,EXO 2:15,1487,2473,1531,170,,"Moses was almost 40 when he fled Egypt.
[Ussher date p34]"
Birth_Caleb_1,Birth of Caleb,"I was FORTY YEARS old when Moses the servant of the LORD sent me from Kadesh-barnea to spy out the land, and I brought word back to him as it was in my heart. (JOS 14:7)",Birth,Caleb_1,2477,0,40,JOS 14:7,The year of Caleb_1's birth is the year the twelve spies were sent into the Land (2517) - his age at that time (40) = 2477,Egypt,,1485,2474,1530,171,2410,"Caleb was 40 years old when he was sent to spy out the Land, two years after the Exodus.
* Shulman also has Caleb's birth four years after Joshua's.
[Shulman date p107]
[Ussher date p35]"
End_400_years_of_oppression,End of the 400 years of oppression,"God said to Abram, ""Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a land that is not theirs, where they will be enslaved and oppressed four hundred years. (GEN 15:13)",End,,2515,,,GEN 15:13,The year the 400-year period of oppression ended is the year of the Exodus = 2515,,,1447,,,,2448,[Shulman date p45]
The_Exodus,The Exodus,"Now the time that the sons of Israel lived in Egypt was FOUR HUNDRED AND THIRTY YEARS.  And at the end of four hundred and thirty years, to the very day, all the hosts of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt. (EXO 12:40-41)",Unique,,2515,,430,EXO 12:40,The year of the Exodus is the year of Abram was called (2085) + the years until the covenant (430) = 2515,Egypt,EXO 12:41,1447,2513,1491,192,2448,"The Israelites (descendants of Abraham) were in Egypt AND THE LAND OF CANAAN for 430 years (Rahlf's Septuaginta and the Samaritan Pentateuch agree on this language in Exodus 12:40.)

This date MUST match the 400 years of oppression noted in Abram's promise. (GEN 15:13)
This date MUST ALSO match the 430 years between the Promise to Abram and the Covenant at Sinai (as Paul notes in Galatians 3:16-17)
 ** THIS DATE IS CRITICAL TO CALCULATING SEVERAL OTHER DATES. **
[Shulman date p45]
[Ussher date p39]"
Begin_wandering_wilderness,Israel began wandering in the wilderness,"The sons of Israel ate the manna FORTY YEARS, until they came to an inhabited land; they ate the manna until they came to the border of the land of Canaan. (EXO 16:35)
 
'Your sons shall be shepherds for forty years in the wilderness, and they will suffer for your unfaithfulness, until your corpses lie in the wilderness. 'According to the number of days which you spied out the land, forty days, for every day you shall bear your guilt a year, even FORTY YEARS, and you will know My opposition. (NUM 14:33-34)
 
""So the LORD'S anger burned against Israel, and He made them wander in the wilderness FORTY YEARS, until the entire generation of those who had done evil in the sight of the LORD was destroyed. (NUM 32:13)
 
For the sons of Israel walked FORTY YEARS in the wilderness, until all the nation, that is, the men of war who came out of Egypt, perished because they did not listen to the voice of the LORD, to whom the LORD had sworn that He would not let them see the land which the LORD had sworn to their fathers to give us, a land flowing with milk and honey. (JOS 5:6)",Begin,,2515,,,NUM 14:33,The year Israel's time of wandering in the wilderness began is the year of the Exodus = 2515,Paran,NUM 14:33,1447,2513,1491,192,2448,"This event is keyed off of the The_Exodus event.
The Exodus 16:35 passage connects the beginning of the forty years with year they began eating mannah shortly after the Exodus.
[Shulman date p93]
[Ussher date p39]"
Begin_480_years_to_the_Temple,480-year Exodus-to-the-Temple period began,"Now it came about in the FOUR HUNDRED AND EIGHTIETH YEAR after the sons of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the FOURTH YEAR of Solomon’s reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the LORD. (1KI 6:1)",Begin,Solomon_1,2515,,,1KI 6:1,The year the 480-year Exodus-to-the-Temple period began is the year of the Exodus = 2515,Egypt,,1447,,,,2448,[Shulman date p115]
Covenant_at_Sinai,G-d makes a national covenant with Israel at Sinai,"‘Now then, if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, then you shall be My own possession among all the peoples, for all the earth is Mine; and you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words that you shall speak to the sons of Israel."" So Moses came and called the elders of the people, and set before them all these words which the LORD had commanded him. All the people answered together and said, ""All that the LORD has spoken we will do!"" And Moses brought back the words of the people to the LORD. (EXO 19:5-8)",Covenant,YHVH_1,2515,,400,EXO 19:5,"The year the LORD covenants with Israel at Sinai is the year of the Exodus = 2515.  Also, it was Isaac_1's birth year (2110) + years until he was weaned (5) + the years of oppression (400) = 2515",Mount Sinai,EXO 19:1,1447,2513,1491,195,2448,"[Shulman date p55]
[Ussher date p40]"
End_430_years_promise_to_covenant,End of the 430 years between the promise and the covenant,"Now the promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. He does not say, ""And to seeds,"" as referring to many, but rather to one, ""And to your seed,"" that is, Christ. What I am saying is this: the Law, which came FOUR HUNDRED AND THIRTY YEARS later, does not invalidate a covenant previously ratified by God, so as to nullify the promise.  (GAL 3:16-17)",End,,2515,,,GEN 15:1,The year the 430-year period ended is the year the covenant is given at Sinai = 2515,Mount Sinai,EXO 19:1,1447,2513,1491,195,2448,"[Shulman date p55]
[Ussher date p40]"
Seventy_four_Israelites_see_G-d,Seventy-four Isralites see G-d,"Then Moses went up 1with Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel, and THEY SAW THE GOD OF ISRAEL; and under His feet there appeared to be a pavement of sapphire, as clear as the sky itself.  Yet He did not stretch out His hand against the nobles of the sons of Israel; and THEY SAW GOD, and they ate and drank. (EXO 24:9-11)",Unique,YHVH_1,2515,,,,The year the seventy-four Israelites saw G-d is the year of the Exodus = 2515,Mount Sinai,EXO 19:1,1447,2513,1491,198,,[Ussher date p40]
Begin_Tabernacle_construction,Tabernacle construction began,"Then Moses called Bezalel and Oholiab and every skillful person in whom the LORD had put skill, everyone whose heart stirred him, to come to the work to perform it. (EXO 36:2)",Begin,Moses_1,2516,,1,EXO 40:17,The year the Tabernacle's construction began is the year of the Exodus (2515) + the year Israel was at Sinai before its construction began (1) = 2516,Mount Sinai,EXO 40:17,1446,2513,1491,209,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel began construction of the tabernacle after the giving of the Torah at Sinai, after Moses goes up on the mountain, and after the sin of the golden calf.
[Ussher date p41]"
End_Tabernacle_construction,Tabernacle construction ended,"Now in the first month of the SECOND year, on the first day of the month, the tabernacle was erected. (EXO 40:17)",End,Moses_1,2517,,2,EXO 40:17,The year of the Tabernacle's construction ended is the year of the Exodus (2515) + the years Israel was at Sinai before its construction ended (2) = 2517,Mount Sinai,EXO 40:17,1445,2514,1490,210,2449,"This event is keyed off of the The_Exodus event.
 
Israel had not departed Sinai until the SECOND month of the SECOND year (NUM 10:11)
[Shulman date p55]
[Ussher date p41]"
Israel_departed_Sinai,Israel departed Sinai,"Now in the SECOND year, in the second month, on the twentieth of the month, the cloud was lifted from over the tabernacle of the testimony; and the sons of Israel set out on their journeys from the wilderness of Sinai. Then the cloud settled down in the wilderness of Paran. (NUM 10:11-12)",Travel,,2517,,2,NUM 10:11,The year Israel departed Sinai is the year of the Exodus (2515) + the years Israel remained at Sinai (2) = 2517,Paran,NUM 10:11,1445,2514,1490,235,2449,"This event is keyed off of the The_Exodus event.
[Shulman date p55]
[Ussher date p42]"
Twelve_spies,Twelve men sent to spy out the Land,"Send out for yourself men so that they may spy out the land of Canaan, which I am going to give to the sons of Israel; you shall send a man from each of their fathers’ tribes, every one a leader among them. (NUM 13:2)",Unique,,2517,,2,NUM 13:2,The year the twelve men spy out the Land is the year of the Exodus (2515) + the years Israel remained at Sinai before they were sent (2) = 2517,Paran,NUM 12:16,1445,2514,1490,241,,"This event is keyed off of the The_Exodus event.
[Ussher date p43]"
Deuteronomy_delivered,The book of Deuteronomy delivered to Israel,"In the FORTIETH YEAR, on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses spoke to the children of Israel, according to all that the LORD had commanded him to give to them, (DEU 1:3)",Message,Moses_1,2555,120,40,DEU 1:3,The year Moses delivers the book of Deuteronomy is the year of the Exodus (2515) + the years Israel had wandered in the wilderness (40) = 2555,Moab,DEU 1:5,1407,2553,1451,294,,"This event is keyed off of the The_Exodus event.
[Ussher date p49]"
Renewed_covenant,G-d renews the national covenant with Israel,"Then Moses summoned all Israel and said to them: ""Hear, O Israel, the statutes and the ordinances which I am speaking today in your hearing, that you may learn them and observe them carefully."" (DEU 5:1)",Covenant,YHVH_1,2555,,40,DEU 5:1,The year the LORD renewed the covenant with Israel in the Arabah is the year of the Exodus (2515) + the years Israel wandered in the wilderness (40) = 2555,Arabah,DEU 1:1,1407,2553,1451,296,,"This event is keyed off of the The_Exodus event.
[Ussher date p49]"
Covenant_at_Moab,G-d makes a national covenant with Israel at Moab,"These are the words of the covenant which the LORD commanded Moses to make with the sons of Israel in the land of Moab, besides the covenant which He had made with them at Horeb. (DEU 29:1)",Covenant,YHVH_1,2555,,40,DEU 29:1,The year the LORD made the covenant with Israel at Moab is the year of the Exodus (2515) + the years Israel wandered in the wilderness (40) = 2555,Moab,DEU 29:1,1407,2553,1451,296,,"This event is keyed off of the The_Exodus event.
[Ussher date p49]"
Death_Aaron_1,Death of Aaron,Aaron was ONE HUNDRED TWENTY-THREE YEARS old when he died on Mount Hor. (NUM 33:39),Death,Aaron_1,2555,123,123,NUM 33:39,The year of Aaron_1's death is the year he was born (2432) + his age at death (123) = 2555,Mount Hor,NUM 33:39,1407,2552,1452,270,2488,"[Shulman date p44]
[Ussher date p46]"
Death_Moses_1,Death of Moses,"Although Moses was ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY YEARS old when he died, his eye was not dim, nor his vigor abated. (DEU 34:7)",Death,Moses_1,2555,120,120,DEU 34:7,The year of Moses_1's death is the year he was born (2435) + his age at death (120) = 2555,Mount Nebo,DEU 34:1,1407,2553,1451,299,2488,"[Shulman date p45]
[Ussher date p49]"
Begin_Joshua_rule,Joshua's rule began,"Now Joshua the son of Nun was filled with the spirit of wisdom, for Moses had laid his hands on him; and the sons of Israel listened to him and did as the LORD had commanded Moses. (DEU 34:9)",Begin,Joshua_1,2555,82,,DEU 34:9,The year Joshua's rule began is the year Moses died = 2555,,,1407,2553,1451,305,2488,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p50]"
Rahab_protected_spies_in_Jericho,Rahab protected the two Israelite spies in Jericho,"Then Joshua the son of Nun sent two men as spies secretly from Shittim, saying, ""Go, view the land, especially Jericho."" So they went and came into the house of a harlot whose name was Rahab, and lodged there. (JOS 2:1)",Meeting,Rahab_1,2555,,,JOS 2:1,The year Rahab protected the two Israelite spies in Jericho is the year Israel enters the Land = 2555,Jericho,JOS 2:1,1407,2553,1451,305,,[Ussher date p50]
End_wandering_wilderness,Israel's wandering in the wilderness ended,"Now it came about after the death of Moses the servant of the LORD, that the LORD spoke to Joshua the son of Nun, Moses' servant, saying, ""Moses My servant is dead; now therefore arise, cross this Jordan, you and all this people, to the land which I am giving to them, to the sons of Israel. (JOS 1:1-2)",End,,2555,,40,JOS 1:1,The year Israel's time of wandering in the wilderness ended is the year they began wandering (2515) + 40 years (2 years at Sinai + 38 years wandering in the desert) = 2555,Jericho,JOS 3:16,1407,2553,1451,309,2488,"The Israelites forty-year period of wandering included the two years at Sinai building the tabernacle.  It is in that second year that the twelve men are sent to spy out the Land (NUM 13:1).  Moses specifies the thirty-eight year wandering period in Deuteronomy 2:14.
[Shulman date p93]
[Ussher date p50]"
Israel_entered_the_Land,Israel entered the Land,"Now it came about after the death of Moses the servant of the LORD, that the LORD spoke to Joshua the son of Nun, Moses' servant, saying, ""Moses My servant is dead; now therefore arise, cross this Jordan, you and all this people, to the land which I am giving to them, to the sons of Israel. (JOS 1:1-2)

And the priests who carried the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood firm on dry ground in the middle of the Jordan while all Israel crossed on dry ground, until all the nation had finished crossing the Jordan. (JOS 3:17)",Travel,,2555,,,JOS 1:1,The year Israel entered the Land is the year Moses_1 died = 2555,Jericho,JOS 3:16,1407,2553,1451,309,2488,"The Israelites went into the land the year Moses died.

As declared in GEN 15:16, four generations after Israel's entry into Egypt, Israel returned to the Land:
 Levi- entered Egypt
 Kohath- 1st generation
 Amram- 2nd generation
 Moses- 3rd generation
 Joshua- 4th generation (note: Joshua was of tribe of Ephraim, not Levi)
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p50]"
Begin_Jephthahs_300_Years,Jephthah's period of 300 years began,"While Israel lived in Heshbon and its villages, and in Aroer and its villages, and in all the cities that are on the banks of the Arnon, THREE HUNDRED YEARS, why did you not recover them within that time? (JDG 11:26)",Begin,,2555,,,JDG 11:26,The year Jephthah's 300-year period began is the year Israel enters the Land  = 2555,,,1407,,,,2488,"Although Israel conquered Heshbon and its villages at the time of the Exodus (NUM 21:25), they wandered for 40 years (NUM 32:13) and did not begin living there until they settled the Land.
[Shulman date p109]"
Tabernacle_set_up_at_Gilgal,Israel set up the Tabernacle at Gilgal,Now the people came up from the Jordan on the tenth of the first month and camped at Gilgal on the eastern edge of Jericho.  (JOS 4:19),Travel,,2555,,,JOS 4:19,The year Israel set up camp at Gilgal is the year they enter the Land = 2555,,,1407,,,,2488,[Shulman date p107]
Begin_conquest_of_the_Land,Israel's conquest of the Land of Canaan began,"So the people shouted, and priests blew the trumpets; and when the people heard the sound of the trumpet, the people shouted with a great shout and the wall fell down flat, so that the people went up into the city, every man straight ahead, and they took the city. (JOS 6:20)",Begin,,2555,,,JOS 6:20,The year the conquest of the Land began is the year Israel enters the Land = 2555,,,1407,2553,1451,314,2488,"[Shulman date p107]
[Ussher date p50]"
Battle_of_Jericho,Israel's battle at Jericho,"So the people shouted, and priests blew the trumpets; and when the people heard the sound of the trumpet, the people shouted with a great shout and the wall fell down flat, so that the people went up into the city, every man straight ahead, and they took the city. (JOS 6:20)",Battle,,2555,,,JOS 6:20,The year of the Battle of Jericho is the same year Israel enters the Land = 2555,,,1407,2553,1451,314,,[Ussher date p50]
Destruction_of_Jericho,Jericho is destroyed,"They burned the city with fire, and all that was in it. Only the silver and gold, and articles of bronze and iron, they put into the treasury of the house of the LORD. (JOS 6:24)",Destruction,,2555,,,JOS 6:24,The year Israel destroyed Jericho is the same year as the Battle of Jericho = 2555,,,1407,2553,1451,314,,[Ussher date p50]
End_conquest_of_the_Land,Israel's conquest of the Land of Canaan ended,"Therefore, Hebron became the inheritance of Caleb the son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite until this day, because he followed the LORD God of Israel fully.
Now the name of Hebron was formerly Kiriath-arba; for Arba was the greatest man among the Anakim. 
Then the land had rest from war. (JOS 14:14-15)",End,,2562,,7,JOS 14:15,The year Israel's conquest of the Land ended is the year they entered the Land (2555) + 7 years of conquest = 2562,,,1400,2560,1445,333,2488,"Caleb_1 was 40 years old (JOS 14:7) when he spied out the Land in 2517.
He was 85 at the end of the conquest in 2562.
The difference between the incident of the spies and the end of the conquest is 45 years.
Israel continued wandering in the wilderness for 38 of those years.
So, 45 - 38 = 7 years of conquest.
[Shulman date p107]
[Ussher date p52]"
Begin_apportioning_of_the_Land,Israel's division and apportioning of the Land of Canaan began,"""Now behold, the LORD has let me live, just as He spoke, these forty-five years, from the time that the LORD spoke this word to Moses, when Israel walked in the wilderness; and now behold, I am EIGHTY-FIVE YEARS old today."" (JOS 14:10)

Now the lot for the tribe of the sons of Judah according to their families reached the border of Edom, southward to the wilderness of Zin at the extreme south. (JOS 15:1)",Begin,,2562,,,JOS 15:1,The year Israel's division and apportioning of the Land began is the year conquest of the Land was complete = 2562,,,1400,2559,1445,324,2495,"[Shulman date p107]
[Ussher date p51]"
Tabernacle_moved_to_Shiloh,The Tabernacle was moved to Shiloh*,"Then the whole congregation of the sons of Israel assembled themselves at Shiloh, and set up the tent of meeting there; and the land was subdued before them. (JOS 18:1)",Travel,,2566,,4,JOS 18:1,The year the Tabernacle was moved to Shiloh is the year Israel began apportioning the Land (2562) + 4 years = 2566,,,1396,2560,1445,336,2502,"*HYPOTHESIS:
This occurred halfway through the apportionment of the Land after sections were assigned to Judah, Ephraim, and Manasseh.  The remaining seven portions were assigned after Joshua sent out the three representatives from those tribes to scout out the land (JOS 18:4) 
[Levi had no portion in the Land (DEU 18:1) and Reuben, Gad, and half of Manasseh wanted land to the east of the Jordan. (NUM 32:1-5)]
[Shulman date p107]
[Ussher date p52]"
End_apportioning_of_the_Land,Israel's division and apportioning of the Land of Canaan ended,"These are the inheritances which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the households of the tribes of the sons of Israel distributed by lot in Shiloh before the LORD at the doorway of the tent of meeting. So they finished dividing the land. (JOS 19:51)",End,,2569,,7,JOS 19:51,The year Israel's division and apportioning of the Land ended is the year apportioning began (2562) + 7 years of apportioning = 2569,,,1393,2560,1444,334,2502,"[Shulman date p107]
[Ussher date p52]"
Begin_Jubilee_counting,Start of Jubilees and Land-Sabbaths*,The year to begin counting Land Sabbaths and Jubilees starts after Israel conquers the Land (7 years) and apportions it (7 years).,Begin,,2569,,14,LEV 25:3,The counting of Land-Sabbaths and Jubilee years began the year Israel enters the Land (2555) + years of conquest (7) + years of apportioning (7) = 2569,,,1393,2554,1451,334,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year to begin counting Land Sabbaths and Jubilees after Israel conquers the Land (7 years) and apportions it (7 years) rather than the year Israel entered the Land.
[Ussher date p51]"
Death_Caleb_1,Death of Caleb*,"Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, dies.",Death,Caleb_1,2573,96,96,JOS 14:10,The year of Caleb_1's death is the year he was born (2477) + his age at death (96) = 2573,Hebron,JOS 14:13,1389,,,,2506,"Caleb was at least 85 years old (JOS 14:10).

*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 107) indicates Caleb lived to 96 years according to the Seder Olam Rabbah (chapter 12).  (Shulman identifies this as 2516 AM)."
End_Joshua_rule,Joshua's rule ended,"It came about after these things that Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of the LORD, died, being ONE HUNDRED AND TEN YEARS old. (JOS 24:29)",End,Joshua_1,2583,110,,JOS 24:29,The year Joshua's reign ended is the year of his death = 2583,,,1379,,,,2515,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 107) indicates Joshua was 42 at the time of the Exodus and led the people of Israel for 28 years.

Josephus Ant 5.117: Joshua ruled for 25 years after Moses

Eusebius (Chron 31-34) gives 27 years for Joshua's rule. [https://ia800702.us.archive.org/26/items/EusebiusChroniclechronicon/Eusebius_Chronicle.pdf]"
Death_Joshua_1,Death of Joshua,"It came about after these things that Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of the LORD, died, being ONE HUNDRED AND TEN YEARS old. (JOS 24:29)",Death,Joshua_1,2583,110,110,JOS 24:29,The year of Joshua_1's death is the year he was born (2473) + his age at death (110) = 2583,Shechem,JOS 24:25,1379,2561,1443,341,2515,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p52]"
Begin_Joshua_to_judges,Beginning of the period from the death of Joshua to the first judge*,"So they forsook the LORD and served Baal and the Ashtaroth.  The anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He gave them into the hands of plunderers who plundered them; and He sold them into the hands of their enemies around them, so that they could no longer stand before their enemies.  Then the LORD raised up judges who delivered them from the hands of those who plundered them. (JDG 2:13-14,16)",Begin,,2583,,,JDG 2:13,The year the Joshua-to-Judges period began is the year of Joshua_1's death = 2583,,,1379,,,,,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Josephus' ""Antiquities of the Jews"" records a period of 18 years between Joshua and the first judge:
Antiq. 6:84 (6.5.4) for in the days of Moses and his disciple Joshua, who was their general, they continued under an aristocracy; but after the death of Joshua, for EIGHTEEN years in all, the multitude had no settled form of government, but were in an anarchy;
Antiq. 6:85 (6.5.4) after which they returned to their former government, they then permitted themselves to be judged by him who appeared to be the best warrior and most courageous, whence it was that they called this interval of their government the Judges."
Begin_Cushan-rishathaim_oppression,Beginning of the period of Israel's oppression by Cushan-rishathaim*,"The sons of Israel did what was evil in the sight of the LORD, and forgot the LORD their God and served the Baals and the Asheroth.  Then the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel, so that He sold them into the hands of Cushan-rishathaim king of Mesopotamia; and the sons of Israel served Cushan-rishathaim EIGHT years. (JDG 3:7-8)",Begin,Cushan-rishathaim_1,2593,,8,JDG 3:8,The year Cushan-rishathaim's oppression began is the year his oppression ended (2601) - the years his oppression lasted (8) = 2593,,,1369,2591,1413,342,,[Ussher date p52]
End_Joshua_to_judges,Ending of the period from the death of Joshua to the first judge*,Then the LORD raised up judges who delivered them from the hands of those who plundered them. (JDG 2:16),End,,2601,,18,JDG 2:16,The year the Joshua-to-Judges period ended is the year it began (2583) + the elapsed years (18) = 2601,,,1361,,,,,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Josephus' ""Antiquities of the Jews"" records a period of 18 years between Joshua and the first judge:
Antiq. 6:84 (6.5.4) for in the days of Moses and his disciple Joshua, who was their general, they continued under an aristocracy; but after the death of Joshua, for EIGHTEEN years in all, the multitude had no settled form of government, but were in an anarchy;
Antiq. 6:85 (6.5.4) after which they returned to their former government, they then permitted themselves to be judged by him who appeared to be the best warrior and most courageous, whence it was that they called this interval of their government the Judges."
End_Cushan-rishathaim_oppression,End of the period of Israel's oppression by Cushan-rishathaim*,"The sons of Israel did what was evil in the sight of the LORD, and forgot the LORD their God and served the Baals and the Asheroth.  Then the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel, so that He sold them into the hands of Cushan-rishathaim king of Mesopotamia; and the sons of Israel served Cushan-rishathaim EIGHT years. (JDG 3:7-8)",End,Cushan-rishathaim_1,2601,,,JDG 3:9,The year Cushan-rishathaim's oppression ended is the year Othniel_1 began to judge = 2601,,,1361,2599,1405,343,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Othniel began to judge is the end of Cushan-rishathaim's 8-year period of oppression.
[Ussher date p53]"
Begin_era_of_the_judges,Beginning of the era of the Judges of Israel,The beginning of the period of time Israel was governed by the judges.,Begin,,2601,,,,The year the era of the Judges began is the year Othniel_1 began to judge = 2601,,,1361,2599,1405,343,,[Ussher date p53]
Begin_Othniel_judge,Beginning of Othniel's time as judge of Israel*,"When the sons of Israel cried to the LORD, the LORD raised up a deliverer for the sons of Israel to deliver them, Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother. (JDG 3:9)",Begin,Othniel_1,2601,,,JDG 3:9,The year Othniel_1 began to judge is the year the Joshua-to-Judges period ended = 2601,,,1361,2599,1405,343,2515,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Josephus' ""Antiquities of the Jews"" records a period of 18 years between Joshua and the first judge.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p53]"
Jubilee_1,Jubilee #1,Jubilee #1,Jubilee,,2619,,50,,The year of Jubilee #1 is the year Jubilee counting started (2569) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 2619,,,1343,2609,1396,344,,[Ussher date p53]
End_Othniel_judge,End of Othniel's time as judge of Israel*,Then the land had rest FORTY years. And Othniel the son of Kenaz died. (JDG 3:11),End,Othniel_1,2641,,40,JDG 3:11,The year Othniel_1 ceased to judge Israel is the year he began to judge (2601) + the years he judged (40) = 2641,,,1321,2661,1343,346,2555,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Othniel judged Israel throughout the 40-year period the land had rest.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p53]"
Death_Othniel_1,Death of Othniel*,Then the land had rest FORTY years. And Othniel the son of Kenaz died. (JDG 3:11),Death,Othniel_1,2641,,,JDG 3:11,The year of Othniel_1's death is the last year he judged Israel = 2641,,,1321,2661,1343,346,2555,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Othniel died is the last year he judged Israel.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p53]"
Begin_Eglon_oppression,Beginning of the period of Israel's oppression by Eglon*,"Now the sons of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD. So the LORD strengthened Eglon the king of Moab against Israel, because they had done evil in the sight of the LORD. And he gathered to himself the sons of Ammon and Amalek; and he went and defeated Israel, and they possessed the city of the palm trees. The sons of Israel served Eglon the king of Moab EIGHTEEN years. (JDG 3:12-14)",Begin,Eglon_1,2641,,,JDG 3:14,The year Eglon_1's oppression of Israel began is the year Othniel_1 died = 2641,,,1321,2661,1343,346,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Eglon's oppression began is the year Othniel died.
[Ussher date p53]"
Begin_Jabin_oppression,Beginning of the period of Israel's oppression by Jabin*,"Then the sons of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD, after Ehud died.  And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; and the commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim.  The sons of Israel cried to the LORD; for he had nine hundred iron chariots, and he oppressed the sons of Israel severely for TWENTY years.  (JDG 4:1-3)",Begin,Jabin_1,2649,,10,JDG 4:2,The year Jabin_1's oppression of Israel began is the year Ehud_1's time as judge ended (2659) - 10 years = 2649,,,1313,2699,1305,350,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Jabin's oppression began is ten years before Ehud's period of peace ended.
[Ussher date p53]"
End_Eglon_oppression,End of the period of Israel's oppression by Eglon*,"Now the sons of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD. So the LORD strengthened Eglon the king of Moab against Israel, because they had done evil in the sight of the LORD. And he gathered to himself the sons of Ammon and Amalek; and he went and defeated Israel, and they possessed the city of the palm trees. The sons of Israel served Eglon the king of Moab EIGHTEEN years. (JDG 3:12-14)",End,Eglon_1,2659,,18,JDG 3:14,The year Eglon_1's oppression ended is the year he began to oppress Israel (2641) + the years of his oppression (18) = 2659,,,1303,2679,1325,347,,[Ussher date p53]
Begin_Ehud_judge,Beginning of Ehud's time as judge of Israel*,"But when the sons of Israel cried to the LORD, the LORD raised up a deliverer for them, Ehud the son of Gera, the Benjamite, a left-handed man. (JDG 3:15)",Begin,Ehud_1,2659,,,JDG 3:15,The year Ehud_1 began to judge is the year Eglon_1's oppression ended = 2659,,,1303,2679,1325,347,2555,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Ehud began to judge is the year Eglon's oppression ended.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p53]"
Jubilee_2,Jubilee #2,Jubilee #2,Jubilee,,2669,,50,,The year of Jubilee #2 is the year of the previous Jubilee (2619) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 2669,,,1293,2658,1346,345,,[Ussher date p53]
Jubilee_3,Jubilee #3,Jubilee #3,Jubilee,,2719,,50,,The year of Jubilee #3 is the year of the previous Jubilee (2669) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 2719,,,1243,2707,1297,351,,[Ussher date p53]
End_Ehud_judge,End of Ehud's time as judge of Israel*,So Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. And the land was undisturbed for EIGHTY years. (JDG 3:30),End,Ehud_1,2749,,80,JDG 3:30,The year Ehud_1 ceased to judge Israel is the year he began to judge (2669) + the years he judged (80) = 2749,,,1213,2679,1325,348,2635,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Ehud judged Israel throughout the 80-year period the land was undisturbed.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p53]"
Begin_Shamgar_judge,Beginning of Shamgar's time as judge of Israel*,"After him came Shamgar the son of Anath, who struck down six hundred Philistines with an oxgoad; and he also saved Israel. (JDG 3:31)",Begin,Shamgar_1,2749,,,JDG 3:31,The year Shamgar_1 began to judge is the last year year of Ehud_1's time as judge = 2749,,,1213,2679,1325,348,2635,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Shamgar began to judge is the last year of Ehud's time as judge.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p53]"
End_Shamgar_judge,End of Shamgar's time as judge of Israel*,"After him came Shamgar the son of Anath, who struck down six hundred Philistines with an oxgoad; and he also saved Israel. (JDG 3:31)",End,Shamgar_1,2749,,,JDG 3:31,The year Shamgar_1 ceased to judge Israel is the same year he started to judge = 2749,,,1213,2679,1325,348,2635,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Josephus' ""Antiquities of the Jews"" records a ""short breathing time"" (less than a year?) for Shamgar's time as judge.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p53]"
Begin_Deborah_judge,Beginning of Deborah's time as judge of Israel*,"Now Deborah, a prophetess, the wife of Lappidoth, was judging Israel at that time. (JDG 4:4)",Begin,Deborah_2,2759,,10,JDG 4:4,The year Deborah_2 began to judge is the year Shamgar_1's oppression began (2749) + 10 years = 2759,,,1203,2719,1285,352,2635,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Deborah began to judge is the year Shamgar's time as judge ended.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p53]"
End_Jabin_oppression,End of the period of Israel's oppression by Jabin*,"Then the sons of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD, after Ehud died.  And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor; and the commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim.  The sons of Israel cried to the LORD; for he had nine hundred iron chariots, and he oppressed the sons of Israel severely for TWENTY years.  (JDG 4:1-3)",End,Jabin_1,2769,,20,JDG 4:3,The year Jabin_1's oppression ended is the year he began to oppress Israel (2749) + the years of his oppression (20) = 2769,,,1193,2719,1285,352,,[Ussher date p53]
Jubilee_4,Jubilee #4,Jubilee #4,Jubilee,,2769,,50,,The year of Jubilee #4 is the year of the previous Jubilee (2719) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 2769,,,1193,2756,1249,356,,[Ussher date p54]
End_Deborah_judge,End of Deborah's time as judge of Israel*,And the land was undisturbed for FORTY years. JDG 5:31b,End,Deborah_2,2799,,40,JDG 5:3,The year Deborah_2 ceased to judge Israel is the year she began to judge (2759) + the years she judged (40) = 2799,,,1163,,,,2675,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Deborah judged Israel throughout the 40-year period the land was undisturbed.
[Shulman date p83]"
Begin_Midian_oppression,Beginning of the period of Israel's oppression by Midian*,Then the sons of Israel did what was evil in the sight of the LORD; and the LORD gave them into the hands of Midian SEVEN years.  (JDG 6:1),Begin,,2799,,,JDG 6:1,The year Midian's oppression of Israel began is the year Deborah_2's time of peace ended = 2799,,,1163,2752,1252,355,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Midian's oppression began is the year Deborah's period of peace ended.
[Ussher date p54]"
Begin_Gideon_judge,Beginning of Gideon's time as judge of Israel*,"So Midian was subdued before the sons of Israel, and they did not lift up their heads anymore. And the land was undisturbed for FORTY years in the days of Gideon.  (JDG 8:28)",Begin,Gideon_1,2801,,2,JDG 8:28,The year Gideon_1 began to judge is the year Midian's oppression began (2799) + 2 years = 2801,,,1161,2759,1245,357,2675,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Gideon began to judge is the second year of Midian's oppression.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p54]"
End_Midian_oppression,End of the period of Israel's oppression by Midian*,Then the sons of Israel did what was evil in the sight of the LORD; and the LORD gave them into the hands of Midian SEVEN years.  (JDG 6:1),End,,2806,,7,JDG 6:1,The year Midian's oppression ended is the year they began to oppress Israel (2819) + the years of their oppression (7) = 2826,,,1156,,,357,,[Ussher date p54]
Jubilee_5,Jubilee #5,Jubilee #5,Jubilee,,2819,,50,,The year of Jubilee #5 is the year of the previous Jubilee (2769) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 2819,,,1143,2805,1200,369,,[Ussher date p55]
Birth_Eli_1,Birth of Eli,"Now Eli was NINETY-EIGHT YEARS old, and his eyes were set so that he could not see. (1SA 4:15)",Birth,Eli_1,2838,0,98,1SA 4:15,The year of Eli_1's birth is the year he died (2936) - his age when he died (98) = 2838,,,1124,2790,1214,366,,[Ussher date p55]
End_Gideon_judge,End of Gideon's time as judge of Israel*,"So Midian was subdued before the sons of Israel, and they did not lift up their heads anymore. And the land was undisturbed for FORTY years in the days of Gideon.  (JDG 8:28)",End,Gideon_1,2841,,40,JDG 8:28,The year Gideon_1 ceased to judge Israel is the year he began to judge (2801) + the years he judged (40) = 2841,,,1121,2768,1236,358,2715,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Gideon judged Israel throughout the 40-year period the land was undisturbed.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p54]"
Begin_Abimelech_rule,Beginning of Abimelech's rule over Israel*,Now Abimelech ruled over Israel THREE years.  (JDG 9:22),Begin,Abimelech_2,2841,,,JDG 9:22,The year Abimelech_2 began to rule is the year Gideon_1's time as judge ended = 2841,,,1121,2769,1236,339,2715,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Abimelech's treachery that brought about his rule occurred at the end of Gideon's 40-year period of peace upon Gideon's death and the search for a successor.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p54]"
End_Abimelech_rule,End of Abimelech's rule over Israel*,Now Abimelech ruled over Israel THREE years.  (JDG 9:22),End,Abimelech_2,2844,,3,JDG 9:22,The year Abimelech_2's rule ended is the year he began to rule (2841) + the years he ruled (3) = 2844,,,1118,2771,1233,360,2718,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p54]"
Begin_Tola_judge,Beginning of Tola's time as judge of Israel*,"Now after Abimelech died, Tola the son of Puah, the son of Dodo, a man of Issachar, arose to save Israel; and he lived in Shamir in the hill country of Ephraim.
He judged Israel TWENTY-THREE years. Then he died and was buried in Shamir.  (JDG 10:1-2)",Begin,Tola_2,2844,,,JDG 10:1,The year Tola_2 began to judge is the year Abimelech_2's rule ended = 2844,,,1118,2772,1233,361,2718,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Tola began to judge is the year Abimelech's rule ended.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p54]"
Begin_Jair_judge,Beginning of Jair's time as judge of Israel*,"After him, Jair the Gileadite arose and judged Israel TWENTY-TWO years.  (JDG 10:1-3)",Begin,Jair_2,2852,,8,JDG 10:1,The year Jair_2 began to judge is the year Tola_2 began to judge (2844) + 8 years = 2852,,,1110,2795,1210,367,2741,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Jair began to judge is 10 years into Tola's time as judge.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p55]"
Begin_Jephthah_judge,Beginning of Jephthah's judging Israel,"Then Jephthah went with the elders of Gilead, and the people made him head and chief over them; and Jephthah spoke all his words before the LORD at Mizpah. (JDG 11:11)",Begin,Jephthah_1,2855,,,JDG 11:11,The year Jephthah_1 began to rule is the year Jair_2's time as judge ended = 2875,,,1107,2817,1188,372,2780,"The Ammonite oppression is still ongoing when Jephthah began to judge (see JDG 11:12).
*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Jephthah began to judge is the year Jair's time as judge ended.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p55]"
End_Jephthahs_300_Years,Jephthah's period of 300 years ended,"While Israel lived in Heshbon and its villages, and in Aroer and its villages, and in all the cities that are on the banks of the Arnon, THREE HUNDRED YEARS, why did you not recover them within that time? (JDG 11:26)",End,Jephthah_1,2855,,300,JDG 11:26,The year Jephthah_1's 300-year period ended is the year Israel enters the Land (2555) + 300 years = 2855,,,1107,2817,1187,372,2788,"Although Israel conquered Heshbon and its villages at the time of the Exodus (NUM 21:25), they wandered for 40 years (NUM 32:13) and did not begin living there until they settled the Land.
[Shulman date p109]
[Ussher date p55]"
Begin_Philistine_and_Ammonite_oppression,Beginning of the period of Israel's oppression by the Philistines and Ammonites*,"Then the sons of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD, served the Baals and the Ashtaroth, the gods of Aram, the gods of Sidon, the gods of Moab, the gods of the sons of Ammon, and the gods of the Philistines; thus they forsook the LORD and did not serve Him.  The anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He sold them into the hands of the Philistines and into the hands of the sons of Ammon.  (JDG 10:6-7)",Begin,,2860,,8,JDG 10:6,The year the Philistine's and Ammonite's oppression of Israel began is the year Jair_2's time as judge began (2852) + 8 years = 2860,,,1102,2799,1206,368,2762,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year the Philistine and Ammonite oppression of Israel began is 8 years after Jair's time as judge began.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p55]"
End_Jephthah_judge,End of Jephthah's judging Israel,Jephthah judged Israel SIX years. Then Jephthah the Gileadite died and was buried in one of the cities of Gilead. (JDG 12:7),End,Jephthah_1,2861,,6,JDG 12:7,The year Jephthah_1 ceased to judge Israel is the year he began to judge (2855) + the years he judged (6) = 2861,,,1101,2823,1182,374,2786,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p55]"
Begin_Ibzan_judge,Beginning of Ibzan's time as judge of Israel*,"Now Ibzan of Bethlehem judged Israel after him.  He had thirty sons, and thirty daughters whom he gave in marriage outside the family, and he brought in thirty daughters from outside for his sons. And he judged Israel SEVEN years.  (JDG 12:8-9)",Begin,Ibzan_1,2861,,,JDG 12:8,The year Ibzan_1 began to judge is the year Jephthah_1's time as judge ended = 2861,,,1101,2823,1182,374,2786,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Ibzan began to judge is the year Jephthah's time as judge ended.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p55]"
End_Tola_judge,End of Tola's time as judge of Israel*,"Now after Abimelech died, Tola the son of Puah, the son of Dodo, a man of Issachar, arose to save Israel; and he lived in Shamir in the hill country of Ephraim.
He judged Israel TWENTY-THREE years. Then he died and was buried in Shamir.  (JDG 10:1-2)",End,Tola_2,2867,,23,JDG 10:2,The year Tola_2 ceased to judge Israel is the year he began to judge (2844) + the years he judged (23) = 2867,,,1095,2795,1210,367,2741,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Tola's judgeship overlapped with Jair's.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p54]"
End_Ibzan_judge,End of Ibzan's time as judge of Israel*,"Now Ibzan of Bethlehem judged Israel after him.  He had thirty sons, and thirty daughters whom he gave in marriage outside the family, and he brought in thirty daughters from outside for his sons. And he judged Israel SEVEN years.  (JDG 12:8-9)",End,Ibzan_1,2868,,7,JDG 12:9,The year Ibzan_1 ceased to judge Israel is the year he began to judge (2861) + the years he judged (7) = 2868,,,1094,2829,1175,374,2793,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p55]"
Begin_Elon_judge,Beginning of Elon's time as judge of Israel*,Now Elon the Zebulunite judged Israel after him; and he judged Israel TEN years. (JDG 12:11),Begin,Elon_3,2868,,,JDG 12:11,The year Elon_3 began to judge is the year Ibzan_1's time as judge ended = 2868,,,1094,2830,1175,375,2793,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Elon began to judge is the year Ibzan's time as judge ended.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p56]"
Jubilee_6,Jubilee #6,Jubilee #6,Jubilee,,2869,,50,,The year of Jubilee #6 is the year of the previous Jubilee (2819) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 2869,,,1093,2854,1151,382,,[Ussher date p56]
End_Jair_judge,End of Jair's time as judge of Israel*,"After him, Jair the Gileadite arose and judged Israel TWENTY-TWO years.  (JDG 10:1-3)",End,Jair_2,2875,,23,JDG 10:2,The year Jair_2 ceased to judge Israel is the year he began to judge (2852) + the years he judged (23) = 2875,,,1087,,,,2762,[Shulman date p83]
End_Philistine_and_Ammonite_oppression,End of the period of Israel's oppression by the Philistines and Ammonites*,They afflicted and crushed the sons of Israel that year; for EIGHTEEN years they afflicted all the sons of Israel who were beyond the Jordan in Gilead in the land of the Amorites.  (JDG 10:8),End,,2878,,18,JDG 10:8,The year the Philistine's and Ammonite's oppression ended is the year they began to oppress Israel (2860) + the years of their oppression (18) = 2878,,,1084,2817,1187,368,2780,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p55]"
End_Elon_judge,End of Elon's time as judge of Israel*,Now Elon the Zebulunite judged Israel after him; and he judged Israel TEN years. (JDG 12:11),End,Elon_3,2878,,10,JDG 12:11,The year Elon_3 ceased to judge Israel is the year he began to judge (2868) + the years he judged (10) = 2878,,,1084,2840,1165,377,2803,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p56]"
Begin_Abdon_judge,Beginning of Abdon's time as judge of Israel*,"Now Abdon the son of Hillel the Pirathonite judged Israel after him.
He had forty sons and thirty grandsons who rode on seventy donkeys; and he judged Israel EIGHT years. (JDG 12:13-14)",Begin,Abdon_1,2878,,,JDG 12:13,The year Abdon_1 began to judge is the year Elon_3's time as judge ended = 2878,,,1084,2840,1165,377,2803,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Abdon began to judge is the year Elon's time as judge ended.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p56]"
End_Abdon_judge,End of Abdon's time as judge of Israel*,"Now Abdon the son of Hillel the Pirathonite judged Israel after him.
He had forty sons and thirty grandsons who rode on seventy donkeys; and he judged Israel EIGHT years. (JDG 12:13-14)",End,Abdon_1,2886,,8,JDG 12:14,The year Abdon_1 ceased to judge Israel is the year he began to judge (2878) + the years he judged (8) = 2886,,,1076,2848,1157,378,2811,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p56]"
Begin_Samson_judge,Beginning of Samson's time as judge of Israel*,So he judged Israel TWENTY years in the days of the Philistines. (JDG 15:20),Begin,Samson_1,2886,,,JDG 12:13,The year Samson_1 began to judge is the year Abdon_1's time as judge ended = 2886,,,1076,2867,1137,383,2811,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Samson began to judge is the year Abdon's time as judge ended.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p56]"
Birth_Saul_1,Birth of Saul*,"He had a son whose name was Saul, a choice and handsome man, and there was not a more handsome person than he among the sons of Israel; from his shoulders and up he was taller than any of the people. (1SA 9:2)",Birth,Saul_1,2891,0,20,1SA 9:2,"The year of Saul_1's birth is the year his son, Jonathan_2, was born (2911) - 20 years (estimated) = 2891",,,1071,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS
Saul was born about 20 years before Jonathan (this would make Saul about 48 years old when he began to reign and about 60 when he dies in battle)."
Begin_Eli_judge,Beginning of Eli's time as judge of Israel*,"When he mentioned the ark of God, Eli fell off the seat backward beside the gate, and his neck was broken and he died, for he was old and heavy. Thus he judged Israel FORTY years. (1SA 4:18)",Begin,Eli_1,2896,,40,1SA 4:18,The year Eli_1 began to judge is the year his time as judge ended (2936) - the 40 years he judged = 2896,,,1066,2848,1157,378,2831,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p56]"
Begin_40-year_Philistine_oppression,Beginning of the 40-year period of Israel's oppression by the Philistines*,"Now the sons of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD, so that the LORD gave them into the hands of the Philistines FORTY years. (JDG 13:1)",Begin,,2896,,10,JDG 13:1,The year the Philistine's 40-year oppression of Israel began was the year Samson_1's time as judge began (2886) + 10 years = 2896,,,1066,2848,1156,380,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year the Philistine's 40-year oppression of Israel began is 10 years after Samson's time as judge began.
[Ussher date p56]"
Birth_Barzillai_1,Birth of Barzillai the Gileadite*,"Now Barzillai the Gileadite had come down from Rogelim; and he went on to the Jordan with the king to escort him over the Jordan.  Now Barzillai was very old, being EIGHTY YEARS old; and he had sustained the king while he stayed at Mahanaim, for he was a very great man.  The king said to Barzillai, “You cross over with me and I will sustain you in Jerusalem with me.” (2SA 19:31-33)",Birth,Barzillai_1,2898,0,80,2SA 19:32,The year of Barzillai_1's birth is the year David returned to Jerusalem after Absalom's death (2978) - Barzillai's age at that time (80) = 2898,,,1064,2891,1113,389,,[Ussher date p57]
End_Samson_judge,End of Samson's time as judge of Israel*,So he judged Israel TWENTY years in the days of the Philistines. (JDG 15:20),End,Samson_1,2906,,20,JDG 12:14,The year Samson_1 ceased to judge Israel is the year he began to judge (2886) + the years he judged (20) = 2906,,,1056,2887,1117,385,2831,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p57] - 385a"
Birth_Jonathan_2,Birth of Jonathan*,Now the sons of Saul were Jonathan and Ishvi and Malchi-shua; and the names of his two daughters were these: the name of the firstborn Merab and the name of the younger Michal. (1SA 14:49),Birth,Jonathan_2,2911,0,1,1SA 13:16,"The year of Jonathan_2's birth is the year his younger brother, Ishvi_2, was born (2912) - 1 year (estimated) = 2911",,,1051,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS
Jonathan was born at least 1 year before Ishvi"
Birth_Ishvi_2,Birth of Ishvi*,Now the sons of Saul were Jonathan and Ishvi and Malchi-shua; and the names of his two daughters were these: the name of the firstborn Merab and the name of the younger Michal. (1SA 14:49),Birth,Ishvi_2,2912,0,1,1SA 13:16,"The year of Ishvi_2's birth is the year his younger brother, Malchi-shua_1, was born (2913) - 1 year (estimated) = 2912",,,1050,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS
Ishvi was born at least 1 year before Malchi-shua"
Birth_Malchi-shua_1,Birth of Malchi-shua*,Now the sons of Saul were Jonathan and Ishvi and Malchi-shua; and the names of his two daughters were these: the name of the firstborn Merab and the name of the younger Michal. (1SA 14:49),Birth,Malchi-shua_1,2913,0,1,1SA 13:16,"The year of Malchi-shua_1's birth is the year his younger brother, Merab_1, was born (2914) - 1 year (estimated) = 2913",,,1049,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS
Malchi-shua was born at least 1 year before Merab"
Birth_Merab_1,Birth of Merab*,Now the sons of Saul were Jonathan and Ishvi and Malchi-shua; and the names of his two daughters were these: the name of the firstborn Merab and the name of the younger Michal. (1SA 14:49),Birth,Merab_1,2914,0,1,1SA 13:16,"The year of Merab_1's birth is the year his younger brother, Michal_1, was born (2915) - 1 year (estimated) = 2914",,,1048,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS
Merab was born at least 1 year before Michal"
Birth_Michal_1,Birth of Michal*,Now the sons of Saul were Jonathan and Ishvi and Malchi-shua; and the names of his two daughters were these: the name of the firstborn Merab and the name of the younger Michal. (1SA 14:49),Birth,Michal_1,2915,0,1,1SA 13:16,"The year of Michal_1's birth is the year his younger brother, Ish-bosheth_1, was born (2916) - 1 year (estimated) = 2915",,,1047,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS
Michal was born at least 1 year before Ish-boshseth"
Birth_Ish-bosheth_1,Birth of Ish-bosheth*,"Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, was FORTY YEARS OLD when he became king over Israel, and he was king for TWO YEARS. The house of Judah, however, followed David. (2SA 2:10)",Birth,Ish-bosheth_1,2916,0,40,1SA 13:16,The year of Ish-bosheth_1's birth is the year his reign began (2956) - his age when his reign began (40) = 2916,,,1046,,,,,
Begin_Samuel_judge,Beginning of Samuel's time as judge of Israel*,"They gathered to Mizpah, and drew water and poured it out before the LORD, and fasted on that day and said there, “We have sinned against the LORD.” And Samuel judged the sons of Israel at Mizpah. (1SA 7:6)",Begin,Samuel_2,2917,,32,1SA 7:6,The year Samuel_2 began to judge is the year his time as judge ended (2949) - the 32 years he judged = 2917,,,1045,,,,2871,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Josephus records that Samuel judged for THIRTY-TWO YEARS.  Since Saul's reign took up twelve of those thirty-two years, then Samuel's time as a judge before the reign of Saul would have taken up the remaining twenty.  Samuel's remaining time as judge would have overlapped Saul's time as king for ten of Saul's twelve-year reign.
[Shulman date p83]"
Jubilee_7,Jubilee #7,Jubilee #7,Jubilee,,2919,,50,,The year of Jubilee #7 is the year of the previous Jubilee (2869) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 2919,,,1043,2903,1102,390,,[Ussher date p57]
Birth_David_1,Birth of David,"David was THIRTY YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned FORTY YEARS. (2SA 5:4)",Birth,David_1,2921,0,30,2SA 5:4,The year of David_1's birth is the year his reign began (2951) - his age when his reign began (30) = 2921,,,1041,2919,1085,395,,[Ussher date p58]
End_Eli_judge,End of Eli's time as judge of Israel,"When he mentioned the ark of God, Eli fell off the seat backward beside the gate, and his neck was broken and he died, for he was old and heavy. Thus he judged Israel FORTY years. (1SA 4:18)",End,Eli_1,2936,,,1SA 4:18,The year Eli_1 ceased to judge Israel is the year the ark was taken in battle = 2936,,,1026,2888,1117,387,2871,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p57]"
Philistines_capture_the_Ark,The Philistines capture the ark in battle,"So the Philistines fought and Israel was defeated, and every man fled to his tent; and the slaughter was very great, for there fell of Israel thirty thousand foot soldiers.  And the ark of God was taken; and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, died. (1SA 4:10-11)",Battle,,2936,,1,1SA 4:11,The year the Philistines captured the ark is the year it was returned (2937) - 1 = 2936,,,1026,2888,1117,387,,"The ark was with the Phililstines in Ashdod, Gath, and Ekron for seven months (1SA 6:1) before it was returned to the Israelites during the wheat harvest (1SA 6:13) which is usually around May/June.  The battle when the Philistines captured the ark (1SA 4:11) would have been towards the end of autumn (Nov/Dec) the year before.
[Ussher date p57]"
Begin_Philistines_have_the_Ark,Beginning of the period the Philistines held the ark,"So the Philistines fought and Israel was defeated, and every man fled to his tent; and the slaughter was very great, for there fell of Israel thirty thousand foot soldiers.  And the ark of God was taken; and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, died. (1SA 4:10-11)",Begin,,2936,,1,1SA 4:11,The year the Philistines' possession of the ark began is the year it was returned (2937) - 1 year = 2936,,,1026,2888,1117,387,,"The ark was with the Phililstines in Ashdod, Gath, and Ekron for seven months (1SA 6:1) before it was returned to the Israelites during the wheat harvest (1SA 6:13) which is usually around May/June.  The battle when the Philistines captured the ark (1SA 4:11) would have been towards the end of autumn (Nov/Dec) the year before.
[Ussher date p57]"
Death_Eli_1,Death of Eli,"When he mentioned the ark of God, Eli fell off the seat backward beside the gate, and his neck was broken and he died, for he was old and heavy. Thus he judged Israel FORTY years. (1SA 4:18)",Death,Eli_1,2936,98,,1SA 4:18,The year of Eli_1's death is the year the ark was taken in battle = 2936,,,1026,2888,1117,387,,[Ussher date p57]
End_Philistines_have_the_Ark,End of the period the Philistines held the ark,Now the ark of the LORD had been in the country of the Philistines SEVEN months. (1SA 6:1),End,,2937,,1,1SA 4:11,The year the Philistines' possession of the ark ended is the year it was returned to Israel = 2937,,,1025,2888,1117,388,,[Ussher date p57]
End_40-year_Philistine_oppression,End of the 40-year period of Israel's oppression by the Philistines*,"Now the sons of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD, so that the LORD gave them into the hands of the Philistines FORTY years. (JDG 13:1)",End,,2937,,,JDG 13:1,The year the Philistine's 40-year oppression of Israel ended is the year the ark was returned to Beth-shemesh in Israel = 2937,,,1025,2908,1096,391,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The Philistines's oppression of Israel ended when they returned the ark to Israel.
[Ussher date p57]"
The_Ark_in_Beth-shemesh,The ark was in Beth-shemesh after it was returned by the Philistines*,"The men of Beth-shemesh said, ""Who is able to stand before the LORD, this holy God? And to whom shall He go up from us?""  So they sent messengers to the inhabitants of Kiriath-jearim, saying, ""The Philistines have brought back the ark of the LORD; come down and take it up to you."" (1SA 6:20-21)",Unique,,2937,,1,1SA 6:20,The year the ark was in Beth-shemesh is the year before it was moved to Kiriath-jearim (2938 - 1) = 2937,,,1025,2888,1117,388,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The ark was in Beth-shemesh the year before it was taken to Kiriath-jearim.
[Ussher date p57]"
David_slays_Goliath,David slays Goliath*,"David said to Saul, “Let no man’s heart fail on account of him; your servant will go and fight with this Philistine.”  Then Saul said to David, “You are not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him; for you are but a youth while he has been a warrior from his youth.” (1SA 17:32-33)",Battle,David_1,2938,,17,1SA 17:32,The year David slew Goliath is the year David was born (2921) + his (estimated) age when it occurred (17) = 2938,Ephes-dammim,1SA 17:1,1024,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Military age for Israelites was twenty years old (NUM 1:2-3).  David was not yet twenty years old or else he would have been a soldier in the military.  David is called a ""youth"" (נַעַר - na'ar) but he could not have been an adolescent or else he would not have been able to wear Saul's armor before the battle (1SA 17:38).  He was likely about 15-19 years old and I am using 17 as the mid-point in that range.  This is the also year after the ark was returned from the Philistines which may have strengthened David's courage.  If it was after the ark was captured but before it was returned he might not have been as courageous. (pure speculation)"
Begin_Ark_at_Kiriath-jearim,The ark is moved to Kiriath-jearim from Beth-shemesh,"And the men of Kiriath-jearim came and took the ark of the LORD and brought it into the house of Abinadab on the hill, and consecrated Eleazar his son to keep the ark of the LORD. (1SA 7:1)",Begin,,2938,,20,1SA 7:1,The year beginning the time the ark was in Kiriath-jearim (K-j) is the year David moved it to Jerusalem (2958) - the years it was in K-j (20) = 2938,,,1024,2888,1117,388,,[Ussher date p57]
Begin_Saul_1_reign,Saul's reign as king began*,"Saul was ? years old when he began to reign, and he reigned two years over Israel. (1SA 13:1)",Begin,Saul_1,2939,48,12,1SA 13:1,The year Saul's reign began is the year his reign ended (2951) - the 12 years he reigned = 2939,,,1023,2909,1095,392,2882,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Saul reigned for 12 years beginning the year AFTER the ark is returned to Kiriath-jearim and Israel asks for a king (see 1SA 8:5)
This article explains why his reign can only be 12 years: https://onemessianicgentile.com/articles/musings/the-age-and-reign-of-king-saul.html
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p57]"
Birth_Mephibosheth_1,Birth of Mephibosheth,"Now Jonathan, Saul’s son, had a son crippled in his feet. He was FIVE YEARS old when the report of Saul and Jonathan came from Jezreel, and his nurse took him up and fled. And it happened that in her hurry to flee, he fell and became lame. And his name was Mephibosheth. (2SA 4:4)",Birth,Mephibosheth_1,2946,0,5,2SA 4:4,The year of Mephibosheth_1's birth is the year of Jonathan's death (2951) - his age at his father's death (5) = 2946,,,1016,2944,1060,397,,[Ussher date p58]
End_Samuel_judge,End of Samuel's time as judge of Israel,"Then Samuel died; and all Israel gathered together and mourned for him, and buried him at his house in Ramah. And David arose and went down to the wilderness of Paran. (1SA 25:1)",End,Samuel_2,2949,,2,1SA 25:1,The year Samuel_2 ceased to judge Israel is 2 years* before Saul died (2951 - 2) = 2949,,,1013,,,,2882,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Josephus records that Samuel judged for THIRTY-TWO YEARS.  Since Saul's reign took up twelve of those thirty-two years, then Samuel's time as a judge before the reign of Saul would have taken up the remaining twenty.  Samuel's remaining time as judge would have overlapped Saul's time as king for ten of Saul's twelve-year reign.
[Shulman date p83]"
End_Saul_1_reign,Saul's reign as king ended,"Then Saul said to his armor bearer, ""Draw your sword and pierce me through with it, otherwise these uncircumcised will come and pierce me through and make sport of me."" But his armor bearer would not, for he was greatly afraid. So Saul took his sword and fell on it. (1SA 31:4)",End,Saul_1,2951,,,1SA 31:4,The year Saul's reign (2951) ended is the year he died = 2951,,,1011,2949,1055,406,2884,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p58]"
Death_Saul_1,Death of Saul,"Then Saul said to his armor bearer, ""Draw your sword and pierce me through with it, otherwise these uncircumcised will come and pierce me through and make sport of me."" But his armor bearer would not, for he was greatly afraid. So Saul took his sword and fell on it. (1SA 31:4)",Death,Saul_1,2951,,,1SA 31:4,The year of Saul_1's death is the year David began to reign = 2951,,,1011,2949,1055,406,2884,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p58]"
Death_Jonathan_2,Death of Jonathan,"When the men of Israel who were on the other side of the valley, with those who were beyond the Jordan, saw that the men of Israel had fled and that Saul and his sons were dead, they abandoned the cities and fled; then the Philistines came and lived in them. (1SA 31:7)",Death,Jonathan_2,2951,40,,1SA 31:7,The year of Jonathan_2's death is the year Saul_1 died = 2951,,,1011,2949,1055,406,,[Ussher date p58]
Begin_David_1_reign,David's reign as king began,"David was THIRTY YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned FORTY YEARS. (2SA 5:4)",Begin,David_1,2951,30,,2SA 5:4,The year David's overall reign began is the year he began to reign in Hebron = 2951,,,1011,2949,1055,409,2884,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p59]"
Begin_David_reign_Hebron,David's reign over Judah in Hebron began*,"At Hebron he reigned over Judah SEVEN YEARS AND SIX MONTHS, and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty-three years over all Israel and Judah. (2SA 5:5)",Begin,David_1,2951,30,7.5,2SA 5:5,The year David's reign in Hebron began is the year his reign there ended (2958) - the years he reigned there (7.5) = 2951,,,1011,2949,1055,409,2884,"*HYPOTHESIS:
David's reign started in the first half of the year
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p59]"
Birth_Amnon_1,Birth of Amnon*,"Sons were born to David at Hebron: his firstborn was Amnon, by Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; (2SA 3:2)",Birth,Amnon_1,2952,0,1,2SA 3:2,The year of Amnon_1's birth is the year David's reign began in Hebron (2951) + 1 year (hypothesis) = 2952,Hebron,2SA 3:5,1010,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Ammon was born one year after David became king"
Birth_Chileab_1,Birth of Chileab*,"and his second, Chileab, by Abigail the widow of Nabal the Carmelite; and the third, Absalom the son of Maacah, the daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur; (2SA 3:3)",Birth,Chileab_1,2953,0,1,2SA 3:3,"The year of Chileab_1's birth is the year his older brother, Amnon_1, was born (2952) + 1 year (hypothesis) = 2953",Hebron,2SA 3:5,1009,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Chileab was born one year after Ammon"
Birth_Absalom_1,Birth of Absalom*,"and his second, Chileab, by Abigail the widow of Nabal the Carmelite; and the third, Absalom the son of Maacah, the daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur; (2SA 3:3)",Birth,Absalom_1,2954,0,1,2SA 3:3,"The year of Absalom_1's birth is the year his older brother, Chileab_1, was born (2953) + 1 year (hypothesis) = 2954",Hebron,2SA 3:5,1008,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Absalom was born one year after Chileab"
Birth_Adonijah_1,Birth of Adonijah*,"and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; (2SA 3:4)",Birth,Adonijah_1,2955,0,1,2SA 3:4,"The year of Adonijah_1's birth is the year his older brother, Absalom_1, was born (2954) + 1 year (hypothesis) = 2955",Hebron,2SA 3:5,1007,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Adonijah was born one year after Absalom"
Birth_Shephatiah_1,Birth of Shephatiah*,"and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; (2SA 3:4)",Birth,Shephatiah_1,2956,0,1,2SA 3:4,"The year of Shephatiah_1's birth is the year his older brother, Adonijah_1, was born (2955) + 1 year (hypothesis) = 2956",Hebron,2SA 3:5,1006,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Shephathiah was born one year after Adonijah"
Begin_Ish-bosheth_reign,Ish-bosheth's reign over Israel began,"Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, was FORTY YEARS OLD when he became king over Israel, and he was king for TWO YEARS. The house of Judah, however, followed David. (2SA 2:10)",Begin,Ish-bosheth_1,2956,40,2,2SA 2:10,The year Ish-bosheth's reign began is the year it ended (2958) - the 2 years he reigned = 2956,,,1006,2949,1055,410,,[Ussher date p59]
Birth_Ithream_1,Birth of Ithream*,"and the sixth, Ithream, by David’s wife Eglah. These were born to David at Hebron. (2SA 3:5)",Birth,Ithream_1,2957,0,1,2SA 3:5,"The year of Ithream_1's birth is the year his older brother, Ish-bosheth_1, was born (2956) + 1 year (hypothesis) = 2957",Hebron,2SA 3:5,1005,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Ithream was born one year after Shephathiah"
End_Ish-bosheth_reign,Ish-bosheth's reign over Israel ended,"Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, was FORTY YEARS OLD when he became king over Israel, and he was king for TWO YEARS. The house of Judah, however, followed David. (2SA 2:10)",End,Ish-bosheth_1,2958,42,,2SA 2:10,The year David's reign in Jerusalem began is the year Ish-bosheth's reign ended = 2958,,,1004,2956,1048,417,,"Ish-bosheth's death and the end of his reign marked the beginning of David's rule over all of Israel
[Ussher date p60]"
End_David_reign_Hebron,David's reign over Judah in Hebron ended,"At Hebron he reigned over Judah SEVEN YEARS AND SIX MONTHS, and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty-three years over all Israel and Judah. (2SA 5:5)",End,David_1,2958,37,,2SA 5:5,The year David's reign in Hebron ended (2958) is the year his reign in Jerusalem began = 2958,,,1004,2956,1048,418,,[Ussher date p60]
Begin_David_reign_Jerusalem,David's reign over all Israel in Jerusalem began,"At Hebron he reigned over Judah seven years and six month, and in Jerusalem he reigned THIRTY-THREE YEARS over all Israel and Judah. (2SA 5:5)",Begin,David_1,2958,37,33,2SA 5:5,The year David's reign in Jerusalem began is the year his reign there ended (2991) - the years he reigned there (33) = 2958,,,1004,2956,1048,418,,[Ussher date p60]
End_Ark_at_Kiriath-jearim,David moves the ark to Jerusalem from Kiriath-jearim*,"From the day that the ark remained at Kiriath-jearim, the time was long, for it was TWENTY YEARS; and all the house of Israel lamented after the LORD. (1SA 7:2)",End,David_1,2958,37,,1SA 7:2,The year David's reign in Jerusalem began is the year he moved the ark there from Kiriath-jearim = 2958,,,1004,2959,1045,423,,"*HYPOTHESIS
The year David began to reign in Jerusalem is the year he moved the ark there from Kiriath-jearim.
[Ussher date p60]"
Death_Uzzah_1,Death of Uzzah,"The anger of the LORD burned against Uzza, so He struck him down because he put out his hand to the ark; and he died there before God. (2SA 6:7)",Death,Uzzah_1,2958,,,2SA 6:7,The year of Uzzah_1's death is the year David moves the ark to Jerusalem = 2958,,,1004,,,,,
Covenant_with_David,G-d makes a covenant with David*,"Truly is not my house so with God?  For He has made an everlasting covenant with me,  Ordered in all things, and secured;  For all my salvation and all my desire,  Will He not indeed make it grow? (2SA 23:5)",Covenant,David_1,2958,37,,2SA 23:5,The year the LORD made a covenant with David (2958) is the year he became king over all Israel in Jerusalem = 2958,,,1004,2960,1044,429,,"The details of the covenant are found in 2SA 7:5-16.
*HYPOTHESIS:
The events of 2SA 7:5-16 occurred the same year David became king over all Israel in Jerusalem.
[Ussher date p60]"
Amnon_violated_Tamar,Amnon violated his sister Tamar,"But Absalom did not speak to Amnon either good or bad; for Absalom hated Amnon because he had violated his sister Tamar.  Now it came about after TWO FULL YEARS that Absalom had sheepshearers in Baal-hazor, which is near Ephraim, and Absalom invited all the king’s sons. (2SA 13:22-23)",Meeting,Amnon_1,2968,16,2,2SA 13:23,"The year Amnon_1 violated his sister, Tamar, is the year his brother, Absalom, had him killed (2970) - 2 years = 2968",Baal-hazor,2SA 13:23,994,2972,1032,437,,[Ussher date p61]
Jubilee_8,Jubilee #8,Jubilee #8,Jubilee,,2969,,50,,The year of Jubilee #8 is the year of the previous Jubilee (2919) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 2969,,,993,2952,1053,413,,[Ussher date p60]
Death_Amnon_1,Death of Amnon*,"Absalom commanded his servants, saying, “See now, when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine, and when I say to you, ‘Strike Amnon,’ then put him to death. Do not fear; have not I myself commanded you? Be courageous and be valiant.  The servants of Absalom did to Amnon just as Absalom had commanded. Then all the king’s sons arose and each mounted his mule and fled. (2SA 13:28-29)",Death,Amnon_1,2970,18,,2SA 13:29,The year of Amnon_1's death (2970) is the year Absalom_1 had him killed and then fled to Geshur = 2970,Baal-hazor,2SA 13:23,992,2974,1030,438,,[Ussher date p61]
Absalom_fled_to_Geshur,Absalom fled to Geshur,"Now Absalom fled and went to Talmai the son of Ammihud, the king of Geshur. And David mourned for his son every day.  So Absalom had fled and gone to Geshur, and was there THREE YEARS.  (2SA 13:37-38)",Travel,Absalom_1,2970,16,3,2SA 13:38,The year Absalom_1 fled to Geshur is the year he returned to Jerusalem (2973) - 3 years = 2970,Geshur,2SA 13:37,992,2974,1030,439,,[Ussher date p62]
Birth_Solomon_1,Birth of Solomon*,"Then David comforted his wife Bathsheba, and went in to her and lay with her; and she gave birth to a son, and he named him Solomon. (2SA 12:24)",Birth,Solomon_1,2971,0,20,2SA 12:24,The year of Solomon_1's birth is the year his reign began (2991) - his age when he became king (20) = 2971,Jerusalem,1CH 3:1,991,2971,1033,436,,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
Eliezer Shulman's ""The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament"" (page 117) quotes the Seder Eliahu Rabbah (chapter 2) that says Solomon was 20 years old when he became king.
[Ussher date p61]"
Birth_Nathan_1,Birth of Nathan*,"These were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan and Solomon, four, by Bath-shua the daughter of Ammiel; (1CH 3:5)",Birth,Nathan_1,2972,0,1,1CH 3:5,"The year of Nathan_1's birth is the year his older brother, Solomon_1, was born (2971) + 1 year (hypothesis) = 2972",Jerusalem,1CH 3:1,990,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Nathan was born one year after Solomon"
Birth_Shobab_1,Birth of Shobab*,"These were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan and Solomon, four, by Bath-shua the daughter of Ammiel; (1CH 3:5)",Birth,Shobab_1,2973,0,1,1CH 3:5,"The year of Shobab_1's birth is the year his older brother, Nathan_1, was born (2972) + 1 year (hypothesis) = 2973",Jerusalem,1CH 3:1,989,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Shobab was born one year after Nathan"
Absalom_brought_back_from_Geshur,Absalom is brought back from Geshur,"Then the king said to Joab, “Behold now, I will surely do this thing; go therefore, bring back the young man Absalom.” (2SA 14:21)",Travel,Absalom_1,2973,19,,2SA 14:21,The year Absalom_1 is brought back from Geshur is the same year his denial of the king's countenance began = 2973,Jerusalem,2SA 14:28,989,2977,1027,440,,[Ussher date p62]
Absalom_denied_Davids_countenance_begin,Absalom denied King David's countenance began*,"Now Absalom lived TWO FULL YEARS in Jerusalem, and did not see the king’s face. (2SA 14:28)",Begin,Absalom_1,2973,19,2,2SA 14:28,The year Absalom_1's denial to the king's countenance began is the year it ended (2975) - 2 years = 2973,Jerusalem,2SA 14:28,989,2977,1027,440,,[Ussher date p62]
Birth_Shammua_2,Birth of Shammua*,"These were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan and Solomon, four, by Bath-shua the daughter of Ammiel; (1CH 3:5)",Birth,Shammua_2,2974,0,1,1CH 3:5,"The year of Shammua_2's birth is the year his older brother, Absalom_1, was born (2973) + 1 year (hypothesis) = 2974",Jerusalem,1CH 3:1,988,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Shammua was born one year after Shobab"
Absalom_denied_Davids_countenance_end,Absalom denied King David's countenance ended*,"So when Joab came to the king and told him, he called for Absalom. Thus he came to the king and prostrated himself on his face to the ground before the king, and the king kissed Absalom. (2SA 14:33)",End,Absalom_1,2975,21,3,2SA 14:33,The year of Absalom_1's reconciliation with David is 3 years before Absalom_1's rebellion against the king (2978) - 3) = 2975,Jerusalem,2SA 14:28,987,2979,1025,441,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Scholars place Absalom's reconciliation with David 2-4 years prior to his rebellion.  I am using 3 years as a midpoint.
[Ussher date p62]"
Absaloms_rebellion,Absalom's rebellion against King David*,"Now it came about at the end of FORTY YEARS that Absalom said to the king, “Please let me go and pay my vow which I have vowed to the LORD, in Hebron. (2SA 15:7)",Unique,Absalom_1,2978,24,40,2SA 15:7,The year of Absalom_1's rebellion is the year David slew Goliath (2938) + the 40 year period = 2978,Jerusalem,2SA 15:13,984,2981,1023,443,2921,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The ""forty years"" of 2SA 15:7 could NOT have started with David's birth because Absalom would have only been an infant.
The ""forty years"" could NOT have started with David's reign because he only reigned forty years and this event occurred towards the *middle* of his reign, not the *end*.
The verse preceding the ""forty years"" sentence states that ""Absalom stole away the hearts of the men of Israel."" (2SA 15:6)  He stole the hearts of Israel away from his father David.  ""All Israel and Judah loved David"" (1SA 18:16) shortly after David slew Goliath.
I use this event as the start for the forty year period.
[Shulman date p119]
[Ussher date p62]"
David_fled_Jerusalem,David fled Jerusalem as Absalom rebels,"Then a messenger came to David, saying, “The hearts of the men of Israel are with Absalom.” David said to all his servants who were with him at Jerusalem, “Arise and let us flee, for otherwise none of us will escape from Absalom.  Go in haste, or he will overtake us quickly and bring down calamity on us and strike the city with the edge of the sword.” (2SA 15:13-14)",Travel,David_1,2978,57,,2SA 15:13,The year David fled from Jerusalem is the year Absalom rebelled = 2978,Jerusalem,2SA 15:13,984,2981,1023,443,,[Ussher date p62]
Battle_of_the_forest_of_Ephraim,Battle of the forest of Ephraim,"The king charged Joab and Abishai and Ittai, saying, “Deal gently for my sake with the young man Absalom.” And aall the people heard when the king charged all the commanders concerning Absalom. Then the people went out into the field against Israel, and the battle took place in the forest of Ephraim. (2SA 18:5-6)",Battle,David_1,2978,57,,2SA 18:6,The year of the battle of the forest of Ephraim is the year Absalom rebelled = 2978,Forest of Ephraim,2SA 18:6,984,2981,1023,446,,[Ussher date p62]
Death_Absalom_1,Death of Absalom,"Then Joab said, “I will not waste time here with you.” So he took three spears in his hand and thrust them through the heart of Absalom while he was yet alive in the midst of the oak.  And ten young men who carried Joab’s armor gathered around and struck Absalom and killed him. (2SA 18:14-15)",Death,Absalom_1,2978,24,,2SA 18:15,The year of Absalom_1's death (2978) is the year he rebelled against his father = 2978,Forest of Ephraim,2SA 18:6,984,2981,1023,446,,[Ussher date p62]
David_returned_to_Jerusalem,David returned to Jerusalem after Absalom's death,"Now Barzillai the Gileadite had come down from Rogelim; and he went on to the Jordan with the king to escort him over the Jordan.  Now Barzillai was very old, being EIGHTY YEARS old; and he had sustained the king while he stayed at Mahanaim, for he was a very great man.  The king said to Barzillai, “You cross over with me and I will sustain you in Jerusalem with me.” (2SA 19:31-33)",Travel,Barzillai_1,2978,80,,2SA 15:13,The year David returned to Jerusalem is the year Absalom died = 2978,Jerusalem,2SA 15:13,980,2981,1023,447,,[Ussher date p62]
Birth_Rehoboam_1,Birth of Rehoboam,"Now Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was FORTY-ONE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned SEVENTEEN YEARS in Jerusalem, bthe city which the LORD had chosen from all the tribes of Israel to put His name there. And his mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonitess. (1KI 14:21)",Birth,Rehoboam_1,2990,0,41,1KI 11:42,The year of Rehoboam_1's birth is the year he became king (3031) - his age his reign began (41) = 2990,,,972,2988,1016,456,2922,"[Shulman date p118]
[Ussher date p63]"
End_David_reign_Jerusalem,David's reign over all Israel in Jerusalem ended,"At Hebron he reigned over Judah seven years and six month, and in Jerusalem he reigned THIRTY-THREE YEARS over all Israel and Judah. (2SA 5:5)",End,David_1,2991,70,,2SA 5:5,The year David's reign in Jerusalem ended is the year he died = 2991,,,971,2990,1015,460,2924,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p63]"
End_David_1_reign,David's reign as king ended,Then David slept with his fathers and was buried in the city of David. (1KI 2:10,End,David_1,2991,70,,1KI 2:10,The year David's reign as king ended is the year he died= 2991,,,971,2990,1014,460,2924,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p63]"
Death_David_1,Death of David,Then David slept with his fathers and was buried in the city of David. (1KI 2:10),Death,David_1,2991,70,,1KI 2:10,The year of David_1's death is the year Solomon_1 began to reign = 2995,,,971,2990,1014,460,2924,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p63]"
Begin_Solomon_1_reign,Solomon's reign as king began,"Zadok the priest then took the horn of oil from the tent and anointed Solomon. Then they blew the trumpet, and all the people said, ""Long live King Solomon!"" (1KI 1:39)",Begin,Solomon_1,2991,20,4,1KI 1:39,The year Solomon's reign began is the year Solomon began construction on his Temple (2995) - 4 years = 2991,,,971,2990,1015,460,2924,"Now it came about in the FOUR HUNDRED AND EIGHTIETH YEAR after the sons of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the FOURTH YEAR of Solomon’s reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv which is the second month, that he 1began to build the house of the LORD. (1KI 6:1)
[Shulman date p83 and p117]
[Ussher date p63]"
End_480_years_to_the_Temple,480-year Exodus-to-the-Temple period ended,"Now it came about in the FOUR HUNDRED AND EIGHTIETH YEAR after the sons of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the FOURTH YEAR of Solomon’s reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv which is the second month, that he 1began to build the house of the LORD. (1KI 6:1)",Begin,Solomon_1,2995,24,480,1KI 6:1,The end of the 480-year Exodus-to-Temple period is the year of the Exodus (2515) + 480 years = 2995,Egypt,,967,2992,1012,466,2928,"[Shulman date p115]
[Ussher date p67]"
Begin_first_Temple_construction,First Temple construction began,"Now it came about in the four hundred and eightieth year after the sons of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon's reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the LORD. (1 KI 6:1)",Begin,Solomon_1,2995,24,,1KI 6:1,The year construction began on Solomon's Temple is the year of the Exodus (2515) + 480 years = 2995,,,967,2992,1012,466,2928,"[Shulman date p115]
[Ussher date p67]"
End_first_Temple_construction,First Temple construction ended,"In the ELEVENTH YEAR [of Solomon's reign], in the month of Bul, which is the eighth month, the house was finished throughout all its parts and according to all its plans. So he was SEVEN YEARS in building it. (1 KI 6:38)",End,Solomon_1,3002,31,7,1KI 6:38,The year construction on Solomon's Temple was completed (3002) is the year construction began (2995) + 7 years of construction = 3002,,,960,3000,1005,468,2935,"[Shulman date p127]
[Ussher date p67]"
Promise_to_Solomon_1,G-d's promise to Solomon*,"I have heard your prayer and your supplication, which you have made before Me; I have consecrated this house which you have built by putting My name there forever, and My eyes and My heart will be there perpetually. (1KI 9:3)",Unique,Solomon_1,3002,,,1KI 9:3,The year of G-d's promise to Solomon is the year Temple construction was completed = 3002,,,960,,,,,
Jubilee_9,Jubilee #9,Jubilee #9,Jubilee,,3019,,50,,The year of Jubilee #9 is the year of the previous Jubilee (2969) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3019,,,943,3001,1004,469,,[Ussher date p67]
Begin_Ahijah_1_prophesying,Ahijah the Shilonite's first prophecy to Jereboam*,"It came about at that time, when Jeroboam went out of Jerusalem, that the prophet Ahijah the Shilonite found him on the road. Now Ahijah had clothed himself with a new cloak; and both of them were alone in the field.  Then Ahijah took hold of the new cloak which was on him and tore it into twelve pieces.  He said to Jeroboam, “Take for yourself ten pieces; for thus says the LORD, the God of Israel, ‘Behold, I will tear the kingdom out of the hand of Solomon and give you ten tribes.'"" (1KI 11:29-31)",Begin,Ahijah_1,3026,,5,1KI 11:29,The year of Ahijah's first prophecy to Jeroboam is estimated to be the year of Solomon's death (3031) - 5 years = 3026,Jerusalem,,936,,,,2964,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Five years before Solomon's death is sufficient time in his life to obtain ""seven hundred wives, princesses, and three hundred concubines"" (1KI 11:3) and for them to ""turn his heart away"" from the LORD.  It also allows sufficient time for his deep introspection and repentance which he recorded in the book of Ecclesiastes.
[Shulman date p83]"
Death_Solomon_1,Death of Solomon,"Thus the time that Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel was forty years.
And Solomon slept with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David, and his son Rehoboam reigned in his place. (1KI 11:42-43)",Death,Solomon_1,3031,,,1KI 11:42,The year of Solomon_1's death is the year his reign ended = 3031,,,931,3029,975,476,2964,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p67]"
End_Solomon_1_reign,Solomon's reign as king ended,Thus athe time that Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel was FORTY YEARS. (1KI 11:42),End,Solomon_1,3031,,40,1KI 11:42,The year Solomon's reign ended (3031) is the year his reign began (2991) + the length of his reign (40) = 3031,,,931,3029,975,476,2964,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p67]"
Begin_Rehoboam_1_reign,Rehoboam's reign as king over Judah begins,"And Solomon slept with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David, and his son Rehoboam reigned in his place. (1KI 11:43)",Begin,Rehoboam_1,3031,41,,1KI 11:43,The year Rehoboam's reign began is the year Solomon's reign ended = 3031,Shechem,1KI 12:1,931,3029,975,477,2964,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p67]"
Begin_Jeroboam_1_reign,Jeroboam's reign as king over Israel begins,"It came about when all Israel heard that Jeroboam had returned, that they sent and called him to the assembly and made him king over all Israel. None but the tribe of Judah followed the house of David. (1KI 12:20)",Begin,Jeroboam_1,3031,,,1KI 12:20,The year Jeroboam's reign began is the year Rehoboam's reign began = 3031,Shechem,1KI 12:1,931,3029,975,477,2964,"Thiele places this in the fall of 930 BCE which is AH 3030.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p67]"
Judah_walks_way_David_Solomon_begin,Judah began to walk in the way of David and Solomon,"They strengthened the kingdom of Judah and supported Rehoboam the son of Solomon for three years, for they walked in the way of David and Solomon for THREE YEARS. (2CH 11:7)",Begin,,3031,,,2CH 11:7,The year Judah began to continue in the way of David and Solomon is the year Rehoboam's reign began = 3031,,,931,3030,974,483,,[Ussher date p68]
Judah_walks_way_David_Solomon_end,Judah stops walking in the way of David and Solomon,"They strengthened the kingdom of Judah and supported Rehoboam the son of Solomon for three years, for they walked in the way of David and Solomon for THREE YEARS. (2CH 11:7)",End,,3034,,3,2CH 11:7,The year Judah ceases to walk in the way of David and Solomon (3034) is the year they began + the duration of that period (3031 + 3) = 3034,,,928,3032,976,483,,[Ussher date p68]
End_Ahijah_1_prophesying,Ahijah the Shilonite's second prophecy to Jereboam*,"Go, say to Jeroboam, ‘Thus says the LORD God of Israel, “Because I exalted you from among the people and made you leader over My people Israel, and tore the kingdom away from the house of David and gave it to you — yet you have not been like My servant David, who kept My commandments and who followed Me with all his heart, to do only that which was right in My sight; you also have done more evil than all who were before you, and have gone and made for yourself other gods and molten images to provoke Me to anger, and have cast Me behind your back — therefore behold, I am bringing calamity on the house of Jeroboam, and will cut off from Jeroboam every male person, both bond and free in Israel, and I will make a clean sweep of the house of Jeroboam, as one sweeps away dung until it is all gone. (1KI 14:7-10)",End,Ahijah_1,3036,,5,1KI 14:7,The year of Ahijah's second prophecy to Jeroboam is estimated to be the year Jereboam's reign began (3031) + 5 years = 3036,Shiloh,1KI 14:1,926,,,,2986,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Five years after Jereboam's reign began is sufficient time for him to institute his idolatrous practices (1KI 12), be warned (1KI 13), and fail to repent (1KI 13:33), resulting in Ahijah's second prophecy.
[Shulman date p83]"
Shishak_attacks_Jerusalem,"Shishak, the King of Egypt, attacks Jerusalem*","Now it happened in the FIFTH YEAR of King Rehoboam, that Shishak the king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem.  He took away the treasures of the house of the LORD and the treasures of the king’s house, and he took everything, even taking all the shields of gold which Solomon had made. (1KI 14:25-26)",Battle,Pharaoh_5,3037,,5,1KI 14:25,The year Shishak attacked Jerusalem is the year Rehoboam_1's reign began (3031) + 5 years + the 1-year accession year duration undercount = 3036,Jerusalem,1KI 14:25,925,3033,971,483,,"And it came about in King Rehoboam’s FIFTH YEAR, *because they had been unfaithful to the LORD*, that Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem (2CH 12:2)
Thiele places this attack in 925 BCE which is AH 3037.
[Ussher date p68]"
Death_Rehoboam_1,Death of Rehoboam,"Now Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was FORTY-ONE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned SEVENTEEN YEARS in Jerusalem, bthe city which the LORD had chosen from all the tribes of Israel to put His name there. And his mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonitess. (1KI 14:21)",Death,Rehoboam_1,3049,59,,1KI 14:21,The year of Rehoboam_1's death is the year his reign ended = 3049,,,913,3046,958,487,2981,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p68]"
End_Rehoboam_1_reign,Rehoboam's reign as king over Judah ends*,"Now Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was FORTY-ONE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned SEVENTEEN YEARS in Jerusalem, bthe city which the LORD had chosen from all the tribes of Israel to put His name there. And his mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonitess. (1KI 14:21)",End,Rehoboam_1,3049,59,17,1KI 14:21,The year Rehoboam's reign ended is the year his reign began (3031) + the length of his reign (17) + the 1-year accession year duration undercount = 3049,,,913,3046,958,487,2981,"Additional Scriptural reference: 2CH 12:13

HYPOTHESIS:
Judah began counting Rehoboam's regnal years in AH 3032 instead of AH 3031 due to their ""accession year"" methodology.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p68]"
Begin_Abijam_1_reign,Abijam's reign as king over Judah begins,"And Rehoboam slept with his fathers and was buried with his fathers in the city of David; and his mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonitess. And Abijam his son became king in his place.  Now in the EIGHTEENTH YEAR of King Jeroboam, the son of Nebat, Abijam became king over Judah. (1KI 14:31-15:1)",Begin,Abijam_1,3049,,,1KI 15:1,The year Abijam's reign began is the year Rehoboam's reign ended = 3049 which is also the eighteenth year of Jereboam's reign (3031 + 18) = 3049,Jerusalem,1KI 15:1,913,3046,958,487,2981,"Additional Scriptural reference: 2CH 13:1-2

HYPOTHESIS:
This is the ""eighteenth year of King Jeroboam"" when counted using Israel's non-accession-year approach.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p68]"
End_Abijam_1_reign,Abijam's reign as king over Judah ends*,He reigned THREE YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Maacah the daughter of Abishalom. (1KI 15:2),End,Abijam_1,3052,,2,1KI 15:2,The year Abijam's reign ended is the year his reign began (3049) + the length of his reign (2) + the 1-year accession year duration undercount = 3052,,,910,3049,955,489,2983,"HYPOTHESIS:
Judah began counting Abijam's regnal years in AH 3050 instead of AH 3049 due to their ""accession year"" methodology.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p69]"
End_Jeroboam_1_reign,Jeroboam's reign as king over Israel ends*,"The time that Jeroboam reigned was TWENTY-TWO YEARS; and he slept with his fathers, and Nadab his son reigned in his place. (1KI 14:20)",End,Jeroboam_1,3052,,22,1KI 14:20,The year Jeroboam's reign ended is the year his reign began (3031) + the length of his reign (22) - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3052,,,910,3050,954,491,2985,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p69]"
Begin_Asa_1_reign,Asa's reign as king over Judah begins*,"So in the TWENTIETH YEAR of Jeroboam the king of Israel, Asa began to reign as king of Judah. (1KI 15:9)",Begin,Asa_1,3052,,,1KI 15:9,The year Asa's reign began is the year Jeroboam's reign ended = 3052 which is also the twentieth year of Jereboam's reign (3031 + 20) + 1 year for the Israel-Judah calendar offset = 3052,Jerusalem,1KI 15:1,910,3049,955,489,2983,"Additional Scriptural reference: 2CH 16:13

HYPOTHESIS:
This is the ""twentieth year of King Jeroboam"" when accounting for the Israel-Judah calendar offset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p69]"
Begin_Nadab_2_reign,Nadab's reign as king over Israel begins*,"The time that Jeroboam reigned was TWENTY-TWO YEARS; and he slept with his fathers, and Nadab his son reigned in his place. (1KI 14:20)",Begin,Nadab_2,3052,,,1KI 14:20,The year Nadab's reign began is the year Jeroboam's reign ended = 3052,,,910,3050,954,491,2985,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p69]"
End_Nadab_2_reign,Nadab's reign as king over Israel ends*,"Now Nadab the son of Jeroboam became king over Israel in the second year of Asa king of Judah, and he reigned over Israel TWO YEARS. (1KI 15:25)",End,Nadab_2,3053,,2,1KI 15:25,The year Nadab's reign ended is the year his reign began (3052) + the length of his reign (2) - Israel's 1-year all-calender-years overcount = 3053,,,909,3051,953,492,2986,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p69]"
Begin_Baasha_1_reign,Baasha's reign as king over Israel begins*,"In the THIRD YEAR of Asa king of Judah, Baasha the son of Ahijah became king over all Israel at Tirzah, and reigned TWENTY-FOUR YEARS. (1KI 15:33)",Begin,Baasha_1,3053,,3,1KI 15:33,The year Baasha's reign began is the year Asa's reign began (3052) + 3 years - the 1-year accession/non-accession-year offset - the 1-year Israel-Judah calendar offset = 3053,,,909,3051,953,492,2986,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel and Judah counted the years of a king's reign differently than the other and also began their calendar year on different days.  These two factors need to be considered when calculating this date.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p69]"
Birth_Jehoshaphat_3,Birth of Jehoshaphat,"Jehoshaphat was THIRTY-FIVE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned TWENTY-FIVE YEARS in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi. (1KI 22:42)",Birth,Jehoshaphat_3,3058,0,35,1KI 22:42,The year of Jehoshaphat_3's birth is the year his reign began (3093) - his age when his reign began (35) = 3058,,,904,3055,949,494,,[Ussher date p69]
Azariahs_Prophecy,Azariah son of Oded prophesied to Asa*,"Now the Spirit of God came on Azariah the son of Oded, and he went out to meet Asa and said to him, “Listen to me, Asa, and all Judah and Benjamin: the LORD is with you when you are with Him. And if you seek Him, He will let you find Him; but if you forsake Him, He will forsake you. (1CH 15:1-2)",Prophesy,Azariah_8,3067,,-1,1CH 15:1,The year Azariah son of Oded prophesied to Asa is the year of Judah's celebration (3068) - 1 year = 3067,,,895,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Azariah prophesies about ONE YEAR BEFORE Judah's celebration.  This allows time for Asa to remove the idols, restore the altar of the LORD, and prepare for the celebration."
Asas_Covenant,Asa tears down idols and Judah enters into the covenant,"So they assembled at Jerusalem in the third month of the FIFTEENTH YEAR of Asa’s reign.  They sacrificed to the LORD that day 700 oxen and 7,000 sheep from the spoil they had brought.  They entered into the covenant to seek the LORD God of their fathers with all their heart and soul; (2CH 15:10-12)",Covenant,Asa_1,3068,,15,2CH 15:10,The year Asa tears down idols and Judah enters into the covenant (3068) is the year his reign began (3052) + the year of his reign (15) + the 1-year accession year duration undercount = 3068,,,894,3053,951,493,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah began counting Asa's regnal years in AH 3053 instead of AH 3052 due to their ""accession year"" methodology.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Ussher date p69]"
Jubilee_10,Jubilee #10,Jubilee #10,Jubilee,,3069,,50,,The year of Jubilee #10 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3019) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3069,,,893,3050,955,490,,[Ussher date p69]
Begin_Jehu_1_prophesying,Jehu's time as prophet begins*,"Now the word of the LORD came to Jehu the son of Hanani against Baasha, saying, “Inasmuch as I exalted you from the dust and made you leader over My people Israel, and you have walked in the way of Jeroboam and have made My people Israel sin, provoking Me to anger with their sins, behold, I will consume Baasha and his house, and I will make your house like the house of Jeroboam the son of Nebat. (1KI 16:1-3)",Begin,Jehu_1,3075,,,1KI 16:1,The estimated year Jehu_1's time as prophet begins is the year of his prophesy against Baasha = 3075,Israel (Northern Kingdom),,887,,,,,
Jehu_prophecy_against_Baasha,Jehu prophesies against Baasha*,"Now the word of the LORD came to Jehu the son of Hanani against Baasha, saying, “Inasmuch as I exalted you from the dust and made you leader over My people Israel, and you have walked in the way of Jeroboam and have made My people Israel sin, provoking Me to anger with their sins, behold, I will consume Baasha and his house, and I will make your house like the house of Jeroboam the son of Nebat. (1KI 16:1-3)",Begin,Jehu_1,3075,,-1,1KI 16:1,The (estimated) year of Jehu_1's prophecy against Baasha is the year his reign ended (3076) - 1 years = 3075,Israel (Northern Kingdom),,887,3069,935,500,3008,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Jehu prophesied against Baasha at the end of his reign.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
End_Baasha_1_reign,Baasha's reign as king over Israel ends*,"In the THIRD YEAR of Asa king of Judah, Baasha the son of Ahijah became king over all Israel at Tirzah, and reigned TWENTY-FOUR YEARS. (1KI 15:33)",End,Baasha_1,3076,,24,1KI 15:33,The year Baasha's reign ended is the year his reign began (3053) + the length of his reign (24) - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3076,,,886,3074,930,500,3009,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
Begin_Elah_2_reign,Elah's reign as king over Israel begins*,"in the TWENTY-SIXTH YEAR of Asa king of Judah, Elah the son of Baasha became king over Israel at Tirzah, and reigned TWO YEARS. (1KI 16:8)",Begin,Elah_2,3076,,26,1KI 16:8,The year Elah's reign began is the year Asa's reign began (3052) + 26 years - the 1-year accession/non-accession-year offset - the 1-year Israel-Judah calendar offset = 3076,,,886,3009,995,500,3009,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel and Judah counted the years of a king's reign differently than the other and also began their calendar year on different days.  These two factors need to be considered when calculating this date.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
Birth_Jehoram_1,Birth of Jehoram,"He was THIRTY-TWO YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned EIGHT YEARS in Jerusalem. (2KI 8:17)",Birth,Jehoram_1,3077,0,32,2KI 8:17,The year of Jehoram_1's birth is the year his reign began (3121) - his age when his reign began (44) = 3077,,,885,3080,924,505,,[Ussher date p70]
End_Elah_2_reign,Elah's reign as king over Israel ends*,"in the TWENTY-SIXTH YEAR of Asa king of Judah, Elah the son of Baasha became king over Israel at Tirzah, and reigned TWO YEARS. (1KI 16:8)",End,Elah_2,3077,,2,1KI 16:8,The year Elah's reign ended is the year his reign began (3076) + the length of his reign (2) - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3077,,,885,3075,929,501,3010,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
Begin_Zimri_2_reign,Zimri's reign as king over Israel begins*,"In the TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR of Asa king of Judah, Zimri reigned SEVEN DAYS at Tirzah. Now the people were camped against Gibbethon, which belonged to the Philistines. (1KI 16:15)",Begin,Zimri_2,3078,,27,1KI 16:15,The year Zimri's reign began is the year Asa's reign began (3052) + 27 years - the 1-year accession/non-accession-year offset = 3078,,,884,3075,929,501,3009,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel and Judah counted the years of a king's reign differently than the other.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
End_Zimri_2_reign,Zimri's reign as king over Israel ends,"In the TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR of Asa king of Judah, Zimri reigned SEVEN DAYS at Tirzah. Now the people were camped against Gibbethon, which belonged to the Philistines. (1KI 16:15)",End,Zimri_2,3078,,,1KI 16:15,The year Zimri's reign ended is the same year his reign began (3078) as he only reigned for seven days = 3078,,,884,3075,929,501,3010,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
Begin_Tibni_1_reign,Tibni's reign as king over Israel begins,"Then the people of Israel were divided into two parts: half of the people followed Tibni the son of Ginath, to make him king; the other half followed Omri. (1KI 16:21)",Begin,Tibni_1,3078,,,1KI 16:21,The year Tibni's reign began is the year Zimri's reign ended = 3078,,,884,3075,929,502,3010,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
Begin_Omri_1_disputed_reign,Omri's disputed reign began,"Then the people of Israel were divided into two parts: half of the people followed Tibni the son of Ginath, to make him king; the other half followed Omri. (1KI 16:21)",Begin,Omri_1,3078,,,1KI 16:21,The year Omri's disputed reign began is the year Zimri's reign ended = 3078,,,884,3075,929,502,3010,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
End_Tibni_1_reign,Tibni's reign as king over Israel ends*,But the people who followed Omri prevailed over the people who followed Tibni the son of Ginath. And Tibni died and Omri became king. (1KI 16:22),End,Tibni_1,3082,,6,1KI 16:22,The year Tibni's reign ended is the year his reign began (3078) + the length of his reign (6) - the 1-year accession/non-accession-year offset - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3082,,,880,3079,925,504,3021,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Tibni and Omri began a disputed reign over Israel at the same time.  Omri is stated to have ruled TWELVE years (total) with SIX undisputed in Tirzah.  This leaves SIX years of his reign disputed with Omri.  Also, Israel and Judah counted the years of a king's reign differently than the other and also began their calendar year on different days.  These two factors need to be considered when calculating this date.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
End_Omri_1_disputed_reign,Omri's disputed reign ended,But the people who followed Omri prevailed over the people who followed Tibni the son of Ginath. And Tibni died and Omri became king. (1KI 16:22),End,Omri_1,3082,,,1KI 16:22,The year Omri's disputed reign ended is the year Tibni died = 3082,,,880,3079,925,504,,[Ussher date p70]
Begin_Omri_1_reign,Omri's reign as king over Israel begins*,"In the THIRTY-FIRST YEAR of Asa king of Judah, Omri became king over Israel and reigned twelve years; he reigned six years at Tirzah. (1KI 16:23)",Begin,Omri_1,3082,,31,1KI 16:23,"The year Omri's reign began was the year Zimri's reign ended = 3078.  However, His reign was disputed by those who supported Tibni_1. The year Omri's UNDISPUTED reign began is in year 31 of Asa's reign (3052 + 31) - the 1-year accession/non-accession-year offset = 3082",Tirza,1KI 16:23,880,3079,925,504,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel and Judah counted the years of a king's reign differently than the other.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Ussher date p70]"
End_Omri_1_reign,Omri's reign as king over Israel ends*,"In the thirty-first year of Asa king of Judah, Omri became king over Israel and reigned TWELVE YEARS; he reigned SIX YEARS at Tirzah. (1KI 16:23)",End,Omri_1,3088,,6,1KI 16:23,The year Omri's reign ended is the year his (undisputed) reign began (3082) + the total length of his reign (6) = 3088,,,874,3086,918,507,3021,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
Baasha_fortifies_Ramah,Baasha fortifies Ramah,In the THIRTY-SIXTH YEAR of Asa’s reign Baasha king of Israel came up against Judah and fortified Ramah in order to prevent anyone from going out or coming in to Asa king of Judah. (2CH 16:1),Construction,Baasha_1,3088,,36,2CH 16:1,The year Baasha fortifies Ramah (3088) is the year Asa's reign began (3052) + the length of his reign to that time (36) = 3088,Ramah,2CH 16:1,874,,,,,
Begin_Ahab_1_reign,Ahab's reign as king over Israel begins*,"Now Ahab the son of Omri became king over Israel in the THIRTY-EIGHTH YEAR of Asa king of Judah, and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria twenty-two years. (1KI 16:29)",Begin,Ahab_1,3088,,38,1KI 16:29,The year Ahab's reign began is the year Asa's reign began (3052) + 38 years - the 1-year accession/non-accession-year offset - the 1-year Israel-Judah calendar offset = 3088,,,874,3086,918,507,3021,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel and Judah counted the years of a king's reign differently than the other and also began their calendar year on different days.  These two factors need to be considered when calculating this date.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
Begin_Elijah_1_prophesying,Elijah's time as prophet begins*,"Now Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the settlers of Gilead, said to Ahab, “As the LORD, the God of Israel lives, before whom I stand, surely cthere shall be neither dew nor rain these years, except by my word.” (1KI 17:1)",Begin,Elijah_1,3089,,1,1KI 17:1,The estimated year Elijah's time as prophet ends is estimated to be in year 1 of Ahab's reign (3088 + 1) = 3089,,,873,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Elijah's prophetic ministry began a year after Ahab became king of Israel"
Begin_Jehoshaphat_3_regency,Jehoshaphat's regency under Asa begins,"Jehoshaphat was a regent of Judah under his father, Asa, for four years.  This reconciles the ascension of his son, Jehoram, as king the year that he died and with it being the FIFTH YEAR of Joram, the son of Ahab (2KI 8:16).",Begin,Jehoshaphat_3,3090,32,25,2KI 8:16,The year Jehoshaphat's regency began is the year his reign ended (3114) - the 25 years of his reign + the 1-year accession year duration undercount = 3090,Jerusalem,1KI 15:1,872,,,,,"Consider also that Jehoshaphat's regency began in the 39th year of Asa and this verse:
In the THIRTY-NINTH YEAR of his reign Asa became diseased in his feet. His disease was severe, yet even in his disease he did not seek the LORD, but the physicians. (2CH 16:12)"
Asas_feet_diseased,Asa's feet become diseased,"In the THIRTY-NINTH YEAR of his reign Asa became diseased in his feet. His disease was severe, yet even in his disease he did not seek the LORD, but the physicians. (2CH 16:12)",Begin,Asa_1,3091,,39,2CH 16:12,The year Asa's feet became diseased is the year his reign began (3052) + the length of his reign to that time (39) = 3091,,,871,3087,917,508,,[Ussher date p70]
End_Asa_1_reign,Asa's reign as king over Judah ends,He reigned FORTY-ONE YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Maacah the daughter of Abishalom (1KI 15:10),End,Asa_1,3093,,41,1KI 15:10,The year Asa's reign ended is the year his reign began (3052) + the length of his reign (41) = 3093,,,869,3090,914,509,3024,"So Asa slept with his fathers, having died in the FORTY-FIRST YEAR of his reign. (2CH 16:13)
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
End_Jehoshaphat_3_regency,Jehoshaphat's regency under Asa ends,Jehoshaphat's regency under his father ended when his father dies and he began to reign.,End,Jehoshaphat_3,3093,35,,2CH 16:13,The year Jehoshaphat's regency ended is the year his reign began = 3093,,,869,,,,,
Begin_Jehoshaphat_3_reign,Jehoshaphat's reign as king over Judah begins,Now Jehoshaphat the son of Asa became king over Judah in the FOURTH YEAR of Ahab king of Israel. (1KI 22:41),Begin,Jehoshaphat_3,3093,35,4,1KI 22:41,The year Jehoshaphat's reign began is the year Ahab's reign began (3088) + 4 years + the 1-year accession year duration undercount = 3093,Jerusalem,1KI 15:1,869,3090,914,509,3024,"Additional Scriptural reference: 2CH 20:31

*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah began counting Ahab's regnal years in AH 3089 instead of AH 3088 due to their ""accession year"" methodology.  This is the ""fourth year of King Ahab"" when counted using Israel's non-accession-year approach.  See dataset notes for more information.
Jehoshaphat was THIRTY-FIVE YEARS old when he became king. (1KI 22:42)
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p70]"
Jehoshaphat_sent_teachers,Jehoshaphat sent teachers into Judah,"Then in the THIRD YEAR of his reign he sent his officials, Ben-hail, Obadiah, Zechariah, Nethanel and Micaiah, to teach in the cities of Judah; (2CH 17:7)",Travel,Jehoshaphat_3,3097,39,3,2CH 17:7,The year Jehoshaphat sent teachers into Judah is the year his reign began (3093) + the years elapsed in his reign when it occurred (3) + 1-year access year duration undercount = 3097,,,865,3092,912,510,,[Ussher date p70]
Birth_Ahaziah_2,Birth of Ahaziah,"Ahaziah was TWENTY-TWO YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned ONE YEAR in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Athaliah the granddaughter of Omri king of Israel. (2KI 8:26)",Birth,Ahaziah_2,3099,0,22,2KI 8:26,The year of Ahaziah_2's birth is the year his reign began (3121) - his age when his reign began (22) = 3099,,,863,3097,907,511,,[Ussher date p70]
Hiel_rebuilds_Jericho,Hiel the Bethelite rebuilds Jericho*,"In his [Ahab's] days Hiel the Bethelite built Jericho; he laid its foundations with the loss of Abiram his firstborn, and set up its gates with the loss of his youngest son Segub, according to the word of the LORD, which He spoke by Joshua the son of Nun. (1KI 16:34)",Construction,Hiel_1,3099,,11,2KI 16:34,The year Hiel_1 rebuilt Jericho is (approximately) the year Ahab's reign began (3088) + half of the length of his reign (11) = 3099,Jericho,2KI 16:34,863,,,,,"Curiously, Ussher omits Hiel in his text.
*HYPOTHESIS:
The passage states ""In his days"" referring to Ahab.  This is an approximate date placed in the middle of Ahab's reign."
Begin_Micaiah_1_prophesying,Micaiah's time as prophet begins*,"The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “There is yet one man by whom we may inquire of the LORD, but I hate him, because he does not prophesy good concerning me, but evil. He is Micaiah son of Imlah.” But Jehoshaphat said, “Let not the king say so.” (1KI 22:8)",Begin,Micaiah_1,3108,,1,1KI 22:8,The estimated year Micaiah_1's time as prophet begins is at least 1 year before the battle of Ramoth-gilead (3109) since Ahab complains of his former prophecies of evil against Ahab = 3108,,,854,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Micaiah prophesies against Ahab at least one year before the prophecy regarding the battle at Ramoth-gilead."
Begin_Jehoram_1_regency,Jehoram's regency under Jehoshaphat begins,"Jehoram was a regent of Judah under his father, Jehoshaphat.  This reconciles 2KI 1:17 and 2KI 3:1.  (see notes)",Begin,Jehoram_1,3109,32,16,,The year Jehoram's regency began is the year Jehoshaphat's reign began (3093) + 16 years = 3109,,,853,3112,892,526,3047,"So Ahaziah died according to the word of the LORD which Elijah had spoken. And because he had no son, JEHORAM became king in his place in the SECOND YEAR of Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat, king of Judah. (2KI 1:17)
Now JEHORAM the son of Ahab became king over Israel at Samaria in the EIGHTEENTH YEAR of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years.
THE ONLY WAY FOR THE SECOND YEAR OF JEHORAM AND THE EIGHTEENTH YEAR OF JEHOSHAPHAT TO BE THE SAME YEAR IS WITH JEHORAM BEING A REGENT DURING HIS FATHER'S REIGN.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
End_Micaiah_1_prophesying,Micaiah's time as prophet ends*,"Micaiah said, “If you indeed return safely the LORD has not spoken by me.” And he said, “Listen, all you people.” (1KI 22:28)",End,Micaiah_1,3109,,,1KI 22:28,The estimated year Micaiah_1's time as prophet ends was the year of the battle of Ramoth-gilead = 3109,,,853,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Micaiah's last prophecy was against Ahab regarding the battle at Ramoth-gilead."
Battle_at_Ramoth-gilead,Battle at Ramoth-gilead,"Now the king of Israel [Ahab] said to his servants, “Do you know that Ramoth-gilead belongs to us, and we are still doing nothing to take it out of the hand of the king of Aram?”  And he said to Jehoshaphat, “Will you go with me to battle at Ramoth-gilead?” And Jehoshaphat said to the king of Israel, “I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses.” (1KI 22:3-4)",Battle,Ahab_1,3109,,,1KI 22:3,The year Ahab_1 fought at the battle of Ramoth-gilead is the same year he died and his reign ended = 3109,,,853,3107,897,519,3042,"
[Ussher date p71]"
Death_Ahab_1,Death of Ahab,"So the king died and was brought to Samaria, and they buried the king in Samaria. (1KI 22:37)",Death,Ahab_1,3109,,,1KI 22:37,The year of Ahab_1's death is the year his reign ended = 3109,,,853,3107,897,519,3042,"
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
End_Ahab_1_reign,Ahab's reign as king over Israel ends*,"Now Ahab the son of Omri became king over Israel in the THIRTY-EIGHTH YEAR of Asa king of Judah, and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria TWENTY-TWO YEARS. (1KI 16:29)",End,Ahab_1,3109,,22,1KI 16:29,The year Ahab's reign ended is the year his reign began (3088) + the length of his reign (22) - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3109,,,853,3107,897,519,3042,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
Jehu_prophecy_to_Jeshoshaphat,Jehu prophesies to Jehoshaphat,"Jehu the son of Hanani the seer went out to meet him and said to King Jehoshaphat, “Should you help the wicked and love those who hate the LORD and so bring wrath on yourself from the LORD?  But there is some good in you, for you have removed the Asheroth from the land and you have set your heart to seek God.” (2CH 19:2-3)",Prophesy,Jehu_1,3109,,,2CH 19:2,The year of Jehu_1's prophecy to Jehoshaphat is the year he returned home from the battle of Ramoth-gilead = 3109,,,853,3107,897,518,,[Ussher date p71]
End_Jehu_1_prophesying,Jehu's time as prophet ends*,"Jehu the son of Hanani the seer went out to meet him and said to King Jehoshaphat, “Should you help the wicked and love those who hate the LORD and so bring wrath on yourself from the LORD?  But there is some good in you, for you have removed the Asheroth from the land and you have set your heart to seek God.” (2CH 19:2-3)",End,Jehu_1,3109,,,2CH 19:2,The estimated year Jehu_1's time as prophet ends is the year of his prophecy to Jehoshaphat = 3109,,,853,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Jehu's time as prophet ends is the year of his prophecy to Jehoshaphat."
Begin_Ahaziah_1_reign,Ahaziah's reign as king over Israel begins*,"Ahaziah the son of Ahab became king over Israel in Samaria in the SEVENTEENTH YEAR of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and he reigned TWO YEARS over Israel. (1KI 22:51)",Begin,Ahaziah_1,3109,,17,1KI 22:51,The year Ahaziah's reign began is the year Jehoshaphat's reign began (3093) + 17 years - the 1-year accession/non-accession-year offset = 3109,,,853,3106,898,517,3042,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel and Judah counted the years of a king's reign differently than the other.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
End_Ahaziah_1_reign,Ahaziah's reign as king over Israel ends*,"Ahaziah the son of Ahab abecame king over Israel in Samaria in the SEVENTEENTH YEAR of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and he reigned TWO YEARS over Israel. (1KI 22:51)",End,Ahaziah_1,3110,,2,1KI 22:51,The year Ahaziah's reign ended is the year his reign began (3109) + the length of his reign (2) - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3110,,,852,3108,896,522,3043,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
Begin_Jehoram_2_reign,Jehoram's reign as king over Israel begins*,"Now Jehoram the son of Ahab became king over Israel at Samaria in the EIGHTEENTH YEAR of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned TWELVE YEARS. (2KI 3:1)",Begin,Jehoram_2,3110,,18,2KI 3:1,"The year Jehoram's reign began is the year Jehoshaphat's reign began (3093) + 18 years - the 1-year Israel-Judah calendar offset = 3110. This is also the second year of Jehoram's, son of Jehoshaphat, reign (3109) + 2 - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount ) = 3110",,,852,3108,896,523,3043,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
Begin_Elisha_1_prophesying,Elisha's time as prophet begins,"The LORD said to him, “Go, return on your way to the wilderness of Damascus, and when you have arrived, you shall anoint Hazael king over Aram; and Jehu the son of Nimshi you shall anoint king over Israel; and Elisha the son of Shaphat of Abel-meholah you shall anoint as prophet in your place.  So he departed from there and found Elisha the son of Shaphat, while he was plowing with twelve pairs of oxen before him, and he with the twelfth.  And Elijah passed over to him and threw his mantle on him. (1KI 19:15-16, 19)",Begin,Elisha_1,3110,,,1KI 19:15,The estimated year Elisha's time as prophet begins is the year Elijah's time as prophet ended = 3110,,,852,3108,896,525,3043,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
End_Elijah_1_prophesying,Elijah's time as prophet ends,"So Ahaziah died according to the word of the LORD which Elijah had spoken. And because he had no son, Jehoram became king in his place in the second year of Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat, king of Judah.  Now the rest of the acts of Ahaziah which he did, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel?  And it came about when the LORD was about to take up Elijah by a whirlwind to heaven, that Elijah went with Elisha from Gilgal.  (2KI 1:17-2:1)",End,Elijah_1,3110,,,2KI 2:1,The estimated year Elijah's time as prophet ends is the year Ahaziah died = 3110,,,852,3108,896,524,3043,"Elijah's time of prophecy ended the year of Ahaziah's death
[Ussher date p71]"
Elisha_prophesies_success_against_Moab,Elisha prophesies success for Jehoram and Jehoshaphat against Moab,"For thus says the LORD, ‘You shall not see wind nor shall you see rain; yet that valley shall be filled with water, so that you shall drink, both you and your cattle and your beasts. This is but a slight thing in the sight of the LORD; He will also give the Moabites into your hand.' (2KI 3:17-18)",Prophesy,Elishah_1,3111,,,2KI 3:17,The year of Elishah's prophecy of success against Moab was the year of the battle = 3111,,,851,3109,895,525,3044,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
Jehoram_and_Jehoshaphat_battle_Moab,Jehoram and Jehoshaphat battle against Moab,"But when Ahab died, the king of Moab rebelled against the king of Israel.  And King Jehoram went out of Samaria at that time and mustered all Israel.  Then he went and sent word to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, “The king of Moab has rebelled against me. Will you go with me to fight against Moab?” And he said, “I will go up; I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses.” (2KI 3:5-7)",Battle,Jehoram_2,3111,,1,2KI 3:5,"The year of Jehoram's and Jehoshaphat's battle against Moab is the year after Jehoram's reign began (3110 + , 1) = 3111",,,851,3109,895,525,3044,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
Death_Jehoshaphat_3,Death of Jehoshaphat,"Jehoshaphat was THIRTY-FIVE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned TWENTY-FIVE YEARS in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi. (1KI 22:42)",Death,Jehoshaphat_3,3114,60,,1KI 22:42,The year of Jehoshaphat_3's death is the year his reign ended = 3114,,,848,3115,889,527,,"
[Ussher date p71]"
End_Jehoshaphat_3_reign,Jehoshaphat's reign as king over Judah ends,"Jehoshaphat was thirty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned TWENTY-FIVE YEARS in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi. (1KI 22:42)",End,Jehoshaphat_3,3114,60,25,1KI 22:42,The year Jehoshaphat's reign ended is the year his reign began (3090) + the length of his reign (25) - a 1-year duration overcount =  = 3114,,,848,3115,889,527,3047,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
End_Jehoram_1_regency,Jehoram's regency under Jehoshaphat ends,"Jehoram was a regent of Judah under his father, Jehoshaphat.  This reconciles 1KI 22:51 and 2KI 1:17.  His regency ended when he becomes king.",End,Jehoram_1,3114,37,,,The year Jehoram's regency ended is the year he became king = 3114,,,848,3115,889,527,,[Ussher date p71]
Begin_Jehoram_1_reign,Jehoram's reign as king over Judah begins,"Now in the FIFTH YEAR of Joram the son of Ahab king of Israel, Jehoshaphat being then the king of Judah, Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat king of Judah became king. (2KI 8:16)",Begin,Jehoram_1,3114,37,5,2KI 8:16,The year Jehoram's (son of Jehoshaphat) reign began in Judah is the year Jehoram's (son of Ahab) reign in Israel began (3110) + 5 years - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3114,Jerusalem,2KI 8:16,848,3115,889,527,3047,"Additional Scriptural reference: 2CH 21:5, 20

HYPOTHESIS:
This is the ""fifth year of King Joram"" when counted using Israel's non-accession-year approach.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
Jubilee_11,Jubilee #11,Jubilee #11,Jubilee,,3119,,50,,The year of Jubilee #11 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3069) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3119,,,843,3099,906,512,,[Ussher date p70]
Elijahs_letter,Jehoram received Elijah's letter,"Then a letter came to him from Elijah the prophet saying, ""Thus says the LORD God of your father David, 'Because you have not walked in the ways of Jehoshaphat your father and the ways of Asa king of Judah, but have walked in the way of the kings of Israel, and have caused Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem to play the harlot as the house of Ahab played the harlot, and you have also killed your brothers, your own family, who were better than you, behold, the LORD is going to strike your people, your sons, your wives and all your possessions with a great calamity; and you will suffer severe sickness, a disease of your bowels, until your bowels come out because of the sickness, day by day.'"" (2CH 21:12)",Message,Jehoram_1,3119,42,2,,The year Jehoram received Elijah's message was the year he died (3121) - 2 years = 3119,,,843,3116,889,528,3054,"Now it came about in the course of time, at the end of two years, that his bowels came out because of his sickness and he died in great pain. And his people made no fire for him like the fire for his fathers. (2CH 21:19)
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p71]"
End_Jehoram_1_reign,Jehoram's reign as king over Judah ends*,"He was THIRTY-TWO YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned EIGHT YEARS in Jerusalem. (2KI 8:17)",End,Jehoram_1,3121,44,8,2KI 8:17,The year Jehoram's reign ended is the year his reign began (3114) + the length of his reign (8) - a 1-year duration overcount = 3121,Jerusalem,2KI 8:17,841,3119,885,532,3055,"*HYPOTHESIS:
In this case, the duration (eight years) includes the first year of Jehoram's reign (3114).
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p72]"
Begin_Ahaziah_2_reign,Ahaziah's reign as king over Judah begins,"In the TWELFTH YEAR of Joram the son of Ahab king of Israel, Ahaziah the son of Jehoram king of Judah began to reign. (2KI 8:25)",Begin,Ahaziah_2,3121,22,12,2KI 8:25,The year Ahaziah's reign began is the year Jehoram's reign began (3110) + 12 years - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3121,,,841,3119,885,532,3055,"This is the ""twelfth year of King Joram"" when counted using Israel's non-accession-year approach.  2KI 9:29 counts this time using the accession-year approach and states ""eleventh year"" accordingly.  See dataset notes for more information.
Ahaziah was TWENTY-TWO YEARS old when he became king (2KI 8:26)
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p72]"
Death_Jehoram_1,Death of Jehoram,And Jehu drew his bow with his full strength and shot Joram between his arms; and the arrow went through his heart and he sank in his chariot. (2KI 9:24),Death,Jehoram_1,3121,,,2KI 9:24,The year of Jehoram_1's death is the year his reign ended = 3121,Jezreel,2KI 9:15,841,3119,885,532,,[Ussher date p72]
End_Jehoram_2_reign,Jehoram's reign as king over Israel ends*,"Now Jehoram the son of Ahab became king over Israel at Samaria in the EIGHTEENTH YEAR of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned TWELVE YEARS. (2KI 3:1)",End,Jehoram_2,3121,,12,2KI 3:1,The year Jehoram's reign ended is the year his reign began (3110) + the length of his reign (12) - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3121,,,841,3120,884,534,3055,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p72]"
Begin_Jehu_2_reign,Jehu's reign as king over Israel begins,"They said, “It is a lie, tell us now.” And he said, “Thus and thus he said to me, ‘Thus says the LORD, “I have anointed you king over Israel.”’”  Then they hurried and each man took his garment and placed it under him on the bare steps, and blew the trumpet, saying, “Jehu is king!” (2KI 9:12-13)",Begin,Jehu_2,3121,,,2KI 9:13,The year Jehu's reign began is the year Jehoram's reign ended = 3121,Jezreel,2KI 9:15,841,3120,884,534,3055,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p72]"
End_Ahaziah_2_reign,Ahaziah's reign as king over Judah ends*,"Ahaziah was TWENTY-TWO YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned ONE YEAR in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Athaliah the granddaughter of Omri king of Israel. (2KI 8:26)",End,Ahaziah_2,3121,22,1,2KI 8:26,The year Ahaziah's reign ended is the year his reign began = 3121,,,841,3120,884,535,3055,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Although the duration is one year, the beginning and end of Ahaziah's reign is the same calendar year (3121).
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p72]"
Death_Ahaziah_2,Death of Ahaziah,"When Ahaziah the king of Judah saw this, he fled by the way of the garden house. And Jehu pursued him and said, “Shoot him too, in the chariot.” So they shot him at the ascent of Gur, which is at Ibleam. But he fled to Megiddo and died there. (2KI 9:27)",Death,Ahaziah_2,3121,22,,2KI 9:27,The year of Ahaziah_2's death is the year his reign ended = 3121,Megiddo,2KI 9:27,841,3120,884,535,,[Ussher date p72]
Begin_Athaliah_1_reign,Athaliah's reign over Judah begins,"When Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead, she rose and destroyed all the royal offspring. (2KI 11:1)",Begin,Athaliah_1,3121,,,2KI 11:1,"The year Athaliah's reign began is the year her son, Ahaziah, died = 3121",,,841,3120,884,536,3056,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p72]"
End_Athaliah_1_reign,Athaliah's reign over Judah ends,"In the SEVENTH YEAR of Jehu, Jehoash became king, and he reigned forty years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Zibiah of Beersheba. (2KI 12:1)",End,Athaliah_1,3127,,,2KI 12:1,The year Athaliah's reign ended is the year she was killed and Jehoash was made king = 3127,,,835,3126,878,537,3062,"So he was hidden with her in the house of the LORD SIX YEARS, while Athaliah was reigning over the land. (2KI 11:3)
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p72]"
Begin_Joash_3_reign,Joash (Jehoash)'s reign as king over Judah begins*,"In the SEVENTH YEAR of Jehu, Jehoash became king, and he reigned forty years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Zibiah of Beersheba. (2KI 12:1)",Begin,Joash_3,3127,,7,2KI 12:1,The year Joash's reign began is the year Jehu's reign began (3121) + 7 years - the Israel-Judah calendar year offset = 3127,Jerusalem,2KI 12:1,835,3126,878,537,3062,"*HYPOTHESIS:
3127 is the ""seventh year of Jehu"" when counted using Israel's non-accession-year approach.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p72]"
Birth_Amaziah_1,Birth of Amaziah,"He was TWENTY-FIVE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Jehoaddan of Jerusalem. (2KI 14:2)",Birth,Amaziah_1,3141,0,25,2KI 14:2,The year of Amaziah_1's birth is the year his reign began (3166) - his age when his reign began (25) = 3141,,,821,3140,864,538,,[Ussher date p72]
End_Jehu_2_reign,Jehu's reign as king over Israel ends*,Now the time which Jehu reigned over Israel in Samaria was TWENTY-EIGHT YEARS. (2KI 10:36),End,Jehu_2,3148,,28,2KI 10:36,The year Jehu's reign ended is the year his reign began (3121) + the length of his reign (28) - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3148,,,814,3148,856,542,3083,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
Begin_Jehoahaz_1_reign,Jehoahaz's reign as king over Israel begins*,"In the TWENTY-THIRD YEAR of Joash the son of Ahaziah, king of Judah, Jehoahaz the son of Jehu became king over Israel at Samaria, and he reigned seventeen years. (2KI 13:1)",Begin,Jehoahaz_1,3148,,23,2KI 13:1,The year Jehoahaz's reign began is the year Joash's reign began (3127) + 23 years - the Israel-Judah calendar year offset - a 1-year duration overcount = 3148,Samaria,2KI 13:1,814,3148,856,542,3083,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  Israel and Judah were using a nonaccession-year approach during this time.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
Joash_3_repairs_the_Temple,Joash (Jehoash) repairs the Temple,But it came about that in the TWENTY-THIRD YEAR of King Jehoash the priests had not repaired the damages of the house. (2KI 12:6),Construction,Joash_3,3150,,23,2KI 12:6,The year Joash's repairs to the Temple began (3150) is the year his reign began (3127) + the length of his reign to that point (23) = 3150,,,812,3147,857,539,,[Ussher date p72]
Birth_Azariah_3,Birth of Azariah (Uzziah),"All the people of Judah took Azariah, who was SIXTEEN YEARS old, and made him king in the place of his father Amaziah. (2KI 14:21)",Birth,Azariah_3,3154,0,16,2KI 14:21,The year of Azariah_3's birth is the year his reign began (3170) - his age when his reign began (16) = 3154,,,808,3178,826,548,,[Ussher date p73]
End_Jehoahaz_1_reign,Jehoahaz's reign as king over Israel ends*,"In the twenty-third year of Joash the son of Ahaziah, king of Judah, Jehoahaz the son of Jehu became king over Israel at Samaria, and he reigned SEVENTEEN YEARS. (2KI 13:1)",End,Jehoahaz_1,3164,,17,2KI 13:1,The year Jehoahaz's reign ended is the year his reign began (3148) + the length of his reign (17) - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3164,Samaria,2KI 13:1,798,3165,839,546,3099,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
Begin_Joash_4_reign,Joash's (Jehoash's) reign as king over Israel begins,"In the THIRTY-SEVENTH YEAR of Joash king of Judah, Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned sixteen years. (2KI 13:10)",Begin,Joash_4,3164,,37,2KI 13:10,The year Joash's reign over Israel began is the year Joash (Jehoahaz)'s reign over Judah began (3127) + 37 = 3164,Samaria,2KI 13:10,798,3165,839,546,3099,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
End_Elisha_1_prophesying,Elisha's time as prophet ends*,"Elisha died, and they buried him. Now the bands of the Moabites would invade the land in the spring of the year. (2KI 13:20)",End,Elisha_1,3164,,,2KI 13:20,The estimated year Elisha's time as prophet ends is the year Joash (Jehoash) began to reign over Israel = 3164,,,798,3165,839,546,3108,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
End_Joash_3_reign,Joash (Jehoash)'s reign as king over Judah ends,"In the seventh year of Jehu, Jehoash became king, and he reigned FORTY YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Zibiah of Beersheba. (2KI 12:1)",End,Joash_3,3166,,40,2KI 12:1,The year Joash's reign ended is the year his reign began (3127) + the length of his reign (40) - a 1-year duration overcount = 3166,Jerusalem,2KI 12:1,796,3179,825,551,3100,"In this case, the duration (forty years) includes the first year of Joash's reign (3127).
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
Begin_Amaziah_1_reign,Amaziah's reign as king over Judah begins,"In the SECOND YEAR of Joash son of Joahaz king of Israel, Amaziah the son of Joash king of Judah became king. (2KI 14:1)",Begin,Amaziah_1,3166,25,2,2KI 14:1,The year Amaziah's reign began is the year Joash's reign began (3164) + 2 years = 3166,,,796,3165,839,545,3100,"He was TWENTY-FIVE YEARS old when he became king... (2KI 14:2)
Amaziah was TWENTY-FIVE YEARS old when he became king (2CH 25:1)
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
Jubilee_12,Jubilee #12,Jubilee #12,Jubilee,,3169,,50,,The year of Jubilee #12 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3119) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3169,,,793,3148,857,540,,[Ussher date p73]
Begin_Jonah_1_prophesying,Jonah's time as prophet begins*,"He [Jereboam] restored the border of Israel from the entrance of Hamath as far as the Sea of the Arabah, according to the word of the LORD, the God of Israel, which He spoke 1through His servant Jonah the son of Amittai, the prophet, who was of Gath-hepher. (2KI 14:25)",Begin,Jonah_1,3169,,,2KI 14:25,The estimated year Jonah's time as prophet begins is the year Jeroboam's reign began = 3169,,,793,3197,808,555,3100,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Jonah prophesied at the beginning of Jereboam's reign that he would restore the border of Israel.
Ussher places these events at the time of the 13th Jubilee rather than the 12th.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p75]"
Begin_Jeroboam_2_coreign with Jehoash,Jeroboam's co-reign with Jehoash began*,"In the TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR of Jeroboam king of Israel, Azariah son of Amaziah king of Judah became king. (2KI 15:1)",Begin,Jeroboam_2,3169,,27,2KI 15:1,The year Jeroboam's reign began is the year Azariah's reign began (3195) - 27 years + the Israel-Judah calendar year offset (since we're counting backwards) = 3169,,,793,3168,836,547,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Ussher date p73]"
Jehoash_captures_Amaziah,Jehoash captures Amaziah in battle,"Then Jehoash king of Israel captured Amaziah king of Judah, the son of Jehoash the son of Ahaziah, at Beth-shemesh, and came to Jerusalem and tore down the wall of Jerusalem from the Gate of Ephraim to the Corner Gate, 400 cubits. (2KI 14:13)",Battle,Amaziah_1,3170,29,,2KI 14:13,"The year Amaziah is captured in battle is the year his son, Azariah, began his co-reign = 3170",,,792,3178,826,550,,[Ussher date p73]
Begin_Azariah_3_coreign with Amaziah,Azariah's co-reign with Amaziah began*,"All the people of Judah took Azariah, who was SIXTEEN YEARS old, and made him king in the place of his father Amaziah. (2KI 14:21)",Begin,Azariah_3,3170,16,,2KI 14:21,The year Azariah's co-reign with Amaziah began is the year Amaziah fled to Lachish because of a conspiracy against him in the 4th year of his reign = 3170,,,792,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information."
End_Joash_4_reign,Joash's (Jehoash's) reign as king over Israel ends*,"In the thirty-seventh year of Joash king of Judah, Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned SIXTEEN YEARS. (2KI 13:10)",End,Joash_4,3180,,16,2KI 13:10,The year Joash's reign ended is the year his reign began (3164) + the length of his reign (16) = 3180,Samaria,2KI 13:10,782,3179,825,551,3115,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
End_Jeroboam_2_coreign with Jehoash,Jeroboam's co-reign with Jehoash ended,"In the FIFTEENTH YEAR of Amaziah the son of Joash king of Judah, Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel became king in Samaria, and reigned forty-one years. (2KI 14:23)",End,Jeroboam_2,3180,,15,2KI 14:23,The year Jeroboam's co-reign with Joash_4 (Jehoash) ended is the year his reign ended = 3180,,,782,,,,,"Amaziah died and his son, Azariah (Uzziah), became king in his place in the same year (3195) which was the TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR of Jereboam (2KI 15:1).
Basic math (3195 - 27) would place the start of Jereboam's reign in 3168.
However, 2KI 14:23 states Jereboam became king in the FIFTEENTH YEAR of Amaziah (3166 + 15 - 1 year duration overcount = 3180).
HOW CAN IT BE BOTH?
The year Amaziah died (3187) was FIFTEEN YEARS *AFTER* the death of Jehoash (2KI 14:17) which means Jehoash' death occurred in 3187 - 15 = 3172 (math).
This tells us that Jereboah co-reigned with his father for TWELVE YEARS.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
Begin_Jeroboam_2_reign,Jeroboam's reign as king over Israel begins,"In the FIFTEENTH YEAR of Amaziah the son of Joash king of Judah, Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel became king in Samaria, and reigned forty-one years. (2KI 14:23)",Begin,Jeroboam_2,3180,,15,2KI 14:23,The year Jeroboam's reign began is the year Amaziah's reign began (3166) + 15 years - the Israel-Judah calendar year offset = 3180,Samaria,2KI 14:23,782,3115,889,551,3115,"Amaziah died and his son, Azariah (Uzziah), became king in his place in the same year (3195) which was the TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR of Jereboam (2KI 15:1).
Basic math (3195 - 27) would place the start of Jereboam's reign in 3168.
However, 2KI 14:23 states Jereboam became king in the FIFTEENTH YEAR of Amaziah (3166 + 15 - 1 year duration overcount = 3180).
HOW CAN IT BE BOTH?
The year Amaziah died (3195) was FIFTEEN YEARS *AFTER* the death of Jehoash (2KI 14:17) which means Jehoash' death occurred in 3195 - 15 = 3180 (math).
This tells us that Jereboah co-reigned with his father for TWELVE YEARS.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
Begin_Hosea_1_prophesying,Hosea's time as prophet begins*,"The word of the LORD which came to Hosea the son of Beeri, during the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, and during the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash, king of Israel. (HOS 1:1)",Begin,Hosea_1,3180,,,HOS 1:1,The estimated year Hosea's time as prophet begins is the year Jereboam's reign began = 3180,,,782,3197,808,557,3115,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Hoshea began to prophecy was at the beginning of Jereboam's reign.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p74]"
Birth_Jotham_2,Birth of Jotham,"He was TWENTY-FIVE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned sixteen years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Jerusha the daughter of Zadok. (2KI 15:33)",Birth,Jotham_2,3187,0,25,2KI 15:33,The year of Jotham_2's birth is the year his reign began (3212) - his age when his reign began (25) = 3187,,,775,,,,,
Death_Amaziah_1,Death of Amaziah,Amaziah the son of Joash king of Judah lived FIFTEEN YEARS after the death of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz king of Israel. (2KI 14:17),Death,Amaziah_1,3195,54,15,2KI 14:17,The year of Amaziah_1's death (3195) is 15 years after Jehoash died (3180 + 15) = 3195,,,767,3194,810,553,,[Ussher date p73]
End_Amaziah_1_reign,Amaziah's reign as king over Judah ends,"Amaziah was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned TWENTY-NINE YEARS in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Jehoaddan of Jerusalem. (2CH 25:1)",End,Amaziah_1,3195,,29,2CH 25:1,The year Amaziah's reign ended is the year his reign began (3166) + the length of his reign (29) = 3195,,,767,3194,810,553,3115,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
End_Azariah_3_coreign with Amaziah,Azariah's co-reign with Amaziah ended*,"In the TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR of Jeroboam king of Israel, Azariah son of Amaziah king of Judah became king. (2KI 15:1)",End,Azariah_3,3195,,,2KI 15:1,"The year Azariah's co-reign with his father, Amaziah, ended is the year his father died = 3195",,,767,,,,,
Begin_Azariah_3_reign,Azariah's (Uzziah's) reign as king over Judah begins*,"In the TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR of Jeroboam king of Israel, Azariah son of Amaziah king of Judah became king. (2KI 15:1)",Begin,Azariah_3,3195,,27,2KI 15:1,The year Azariah's reign began is the same year his father died = 3195.  This is also the year Jeroboam's reign began (3169) + 27 years - the Israel-Judah calendar year offset = 3195,,,767,3194,810,553,3115,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel began their calendar year in the spring (Nisan) and Judah began their calendar year in the fall (Tishrei).  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p73]"
Begin_Amos_1_prophesying,Amos' time as prophet begins*,"The words of Amos, who was among the sheepherders from Tekoa, which he envisioned in visions concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam son of Joash, king of Israel, two years before the earthquake. (AMO 1:1)",Begin,Amos_1,3197,,2,AMO 1:1,The estimated year Amos's time of prophecy begins is 2 years after Azariah's (sole) reign began (3195) = 3197,,,765,3197,808,558,3115,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Amos' time of prophecy began shortly after the sole reign of Azariah (Uzziah) began.  Archaeological evidence at Hazor establishes the time of the earthquake (AMO 1:1) around 760-750 BCE.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p74]"
End_Amos_1_prophesying,Amos' time as prophet ends*,Amos' time as prophet ends,End,Amos_1,3199,,2,,The estimated year Amos's time of prophecy ends is 2 years after it began (3197) = 3199,,,763,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Amos' time of prophecy ended shortly it began."
Birth_Ahaz_1,Birth of Ahaz,"Ahaz was TWENTY YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned sixteen years in Jerusalem; and he did not do what was right in the sight of the LORD his God, as his father David had done. (2KI 16:2)",Birth,Ahaz_1,3207,0,20,2KI 16:2,The year of Ahaz_1's birth is the year his reign began (3227) - his age when his reign began (20) = 3207,,,755,3242,762,580,,[Ussher date p76]
End_Jeroboam_2_reign,Jeroboam's reign as king over Israel ends*,"In the fifteenth year of Amaziah the son of Joash king of Judah, Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel became king in Samaria, and reigned FORTY-ONE YEARS. (2KI 14:23)",End,Jeroboam_2,3209,,41,2KI 14:23,The year Jeroboam's reign ended is the year his reign began (3169) + the length of his reign (41) - Israel's 1-year all-calendar-years overcount = 3209,,,753,3220,784,564,3152,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p74]"
End_Jonah_1_prophesying,Jonah's time as prophet ends*,Jonah's time as prophet ends,End,Jonah_1,3209,,,,The estimated year Jonah's time of prophecy ends is the year Jereboam's reign ended = 3209,,,753,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Jonah's time as prophet around the time Jereboam's reign ended."
Begin_Zechariah_1_reign,Zechariah's reign as king over Israel begins*,"In the THIRTY-EIGHTH YEAR year of Azariah king of Judah, Zechariah the son of Jeroboam became king over Israel in Samaria for six months. (2KI 15:8)",Begin,Zechariah_1,3209,,38,2KI 15:8,The year Zechariah's reign began is the year Azariah's (Uzziah's) reign began (3170) + 38 years + 1 year for the the accession-year undercount = 3209,Samaria,2KI 15:8,753,3232,773,567,3153,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah counted regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p75]"
End_Zechariah_1_reign,Zechariah's reign as king over Israel ends*,"In the thirty-eighth year of Azariah king of Judah, Zechariah the son of Jeroboam became king over Israel in Samaria for SIX MONTHS. (2KI 15:8)",End,Zechariah_1,3210,,,2KI 15:8,The year Zechariah's reign ended is the year his reign began (3209) + the length of his reign (6 months) = 3209,,,752,3232,773,567,3153,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p75]"
Begin_Shallum_1_reign,Shallum's reign as king over Israel begins*,"Shallum son of Jabesh became king in the THIRTY-NINTH YEAR of Uzziah king of Judah, and he reigned one month in Samaria. (2KI 15:13)",Begin,Shallum_1,3210,,39,2KI 15:13,The year Shallum's reign began is the year Azariah's (Uzziah's) reign began (3170) + 39 years + the Israel-Judah calendar year offset + 1 year for the the accession-year undercount = 3210,Samaria,2KI 15:13,752,3232,773,568,3153,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah counted regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p75]"
End_Shallum_1_reign,Shallum's reign as king over Israel ends*,"Shallum son of Jabesh became king in the thirty-ninth year of Uzziah king of Judah, and he reigned ONE MONTH in Samaria. (2KI 15:13)",End,Shallum_1,3210,,,2KI 15:13,The year Shallum's reign ended is the year his reign began (3210) + the length of his reign (1 month) = 3210,,,752,3232,773,568,3153,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p75]"
Begin_Menachem_1_reign,Menachem's reign as king over Israel begins*,"In the THIRTY-NINTH YEAR of Azariah king of Judah, Menahem son of Gadi became king over Israel and reigned ten years in Samaria. (2KI 15:17)",Begin,Menachem_1,3210,,39,2KI 15:17,The year Menachem's reign began is the year Azariah's (Uzziah's) reign began (3170) + 39 years + 1 year for the the accession-year undercount = 3210,Samaria,2KI 15:17,752,3232,773,570,3153,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah counted regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p75]"
Begin_Pekah_1_rival_reign_w_Menachem,Pekah's rival reign with Menachem as king over Israel begins*,Pekah's rival reign with Menachem began in the THIRTY-NINTH YEAR of Azariah.,Begin,Pekah_1,3210,,,2KI 15:27,The year Pekah's rival reign with Menachem as king over Israel began is the same year as Menachem's reign began = 3210,,,752,3245,759,583,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Hoshea takes the throne in the 12th year of Ahaz (2KI 17:1) upon the death of Pekah.
The 12th year of Ahaz would have been the same as the 20th year of Jotham (math).
The only way for the END of Pekah's reign to align with the START of Hoshea's reign AND the START of Jotham's reign to align with the 2nd year of Pekah is if Pekah had a rival reign with Menachem that began in the same year as Menachem's reign.
His undisputed SOLE reign began in the 52nd year of Azariah (2KI 15:27).
[Ussher date p75]"
Begin_Jotham_2_co-regency_with_Azariah,Jotham's co-regency with Azariah over Judah begins,"In the SECOND YEAR of Pekah the son of Remaliah king of Israel, Jotham the son of Uzziah king of Judah became king. (2KI 15:32)",Begin,Jotham_2,3212,25,2,2KI 15:32,The year Jotham's reign began is the year Pekah's reign began (3210) + 2 years = 3212,Jerusalem,2KI 15:33,750,,,,,"""He was twenty-five years old when he became king"" (2KI 15:33)
We know this was a co-regency because of the start date (second year of Pekah) is still during the reign of Azariah.
*HYPOTHESIS:
This is the ""second year of Pekah"" when counted using Israel's non-accession-year approach."
Jubilee_13,Jubilee #13,Jubilee #13,Jubilee,,3219,,50,,The year of Jubilee #13 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3169) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3219,,,743,3197,808,554,,[Ussher date p74]
Birth_Hezekiah_1,Birth of Hezekiah,"He was TWENTY-FIVE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Abi the daughter of Zechariah. (2KI 18:2)",Birth,Hezekiah_1,3221,0,25,2KI 18:2,The year of Hezekiah_1's birth is the year his reign began (3221) - his age when his reign began (25) = 3196,,,741,3252,752,587,,[Ussher date p76]
End_Menachem_1_reign,Menachem's reign as king over Israel ends*,"In the thirty-ninth year of Azariah king of Judah, Menahem son of Gadi became king over Israel and reigned TEN YEARS in Samaria. (2KI 15:17)",End,Menachem_1,3221,,10,2KI 15:17,The year Menachem's reign ended is the year his reign began (3210) + the length of his reign (10) + 1 year for the the accession-year undercount = 3221,,,741,3243,761,581,3163,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah counted regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p76]"
End_Pekah_1_rival_reign_w_Menachem,Pekah's rival reign with Menachem as king over Israel ends*,Pekah's rival reign with Menahem ended with the death of Menachem and the end of his reign.,End,Pekah_1,3221,,,,The year Pekah's rival reign with Menahem as king over Israel ended was the same year as Menachem's reign ended = 3221,,,741,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Hoshea takes the throne in the 12th year of Ahaz (2KI 17:1) upon the death of Pekah.
The 12th year of Ahaz would have been the same as the 20th year of Jotham (math).
The only way for the END of Pekah's reign to align with the START of Hoshea's reign AND the START of Jotham's reign to align with the 2nd year of Pekah is if Pekah had a rival reign with Menachem that began and ended in the same years as Menachem's reign.
His undisputed SOLE reign began in the 52nd year of Azariah (2KI 15:27)."
Begin_Pekahiah_1_reign,Pekahiah's reign as king over Israel begins*,"In the FIFTIETH YEAR of Azariah king of Judah, Pekahiah son of Menahem became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned two years. (2KI 15:23)",Begin,Pekahiah_1,3221,,50,2KI 15:23,The year Pekahiah's reign began is the year Azariah's (Uzziah's) reign began (3170) + 50 years + 1 year for the the accession-year undercount = 3221,Samaria,2KI 15:23,741,3243,761,581,3163,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah counted regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p76]"
Begin_Pekah_1_rival_reign_w_Pekahiah,Pekah's rival reign with Pekahiah as king over Israel begins*,"In the FIFTY-SECOND YEAR of Azariah king of Judah, Pekah son of Remaliah became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned twenty years. (2KI 15:27)",Begin,Pekah_1,3221,,,2KI 15:27,The year Pekah's rival reign with Pekahiah as king over Israel began is the same year as Pekahiah's reign began = 3221,,,741,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Hoshea takes the throne in the 12th year of Ahaz (2KI 17:1) upon the death of Pekah.
The 12th year of Ahaz would have been the same as the 20th year of Jotham (math).
The only way for the END of Pekah's reign to align with the START of Hoshea's reign AND the START of Jotham's reign to align with the 2nd year of Pekah is if Pekah had rival reigns with Menachem and Pekahiah that began in the same year as Menachem's reign and ended in the same year Pekahiah's reign ended.
His undisputed SOLE reign began in the 52nd year of Azariah (2KI 15:27)."
End_Pekahiah_1_reign,Pekahiah's reign as king over Israel ends*,"In the fiftieth year of Azariah king of Judah, Pekahiah son of Menahem became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned TWO YEARS. (2KI 15:23)",End,Pekahiah_1,3223,,2,2KI 15:23,The year Pekahiah's reign ended is the year his reign began (3221) + the length of his reign (2) = 3223,,,739,3245,759,583,3165,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p76]"
End_Pekah_1_rival_reign_w_Pekahiah,Pekah's rival reign with Pekahiah as king over Israel ends*,"In the FIFTY-SECOND YEAR of Azariah king of Judah, Pekah son of Remaliah became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned twenty years. (2KI 15:27)",End,Pekah_1,3223,,,2KI 15:27,The year Pekah's rival reign with Pekahiah as king over Israel ended was the same year as Pekahiah's reign ended = 3223,,,739,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Hoshea takes the throne in the 12th year of Ahaz (2KI 17:1) upon the death of Pekah.
The 12th year of Ahaz would have been the same as the 20th year of Jotham (math).
The only way for the END of Pekah's reign to align with the START of Hoshea's reign AND the START of Jotham's reign to align with the 2nd year of Pekah is if Pekah had rival reigns with Menachem and Pekahiah that began in the same year as Menachem's reign and ended in the same year Pekahiah's reign ended.
His undisputed SOLE reign began in the 52nd year of Azariah (2KI 15:27)."
Begin_Pekah_1_sole_reign,Pekah's sole reign as king over Israel begins*,"In the FIFTY-SECOND YEAR of Azariah king of Judah, Pekah son of Remaliah became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned twenty years. (2KI 15:27)",Begin,Pekah_1,3223,,52,2KI 15:27,The year Pekah's reign began is the year Azariah's (Uzziah's) reign began (3170) + 52 years  + 1 year for the the accession-year undercount = 3223,Samaria,2KI 15:27,739,3245,759,583,3165,"*HYPOTHESIS:
This was the beginning of Pekah's undisputed sole reign over Israel.
Judah counted regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p76]"
Begin_Isaiah_1_prophesying,Isaiah's time as prophet begins*,"In the year of King Uzziah’s death I saw the Lord sitting on a throne, lofty and exalted, with the train of His robe filling the temple. (ISA 6:1)",Begin,Isaiah_1,3223,,,ISA 6:1,The estimated year Isaiah's time as a prophet begins is the year of Azariah's (Uzziah's) death = 3223,,,739,3246,759,584,3167,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Isaiah's time as prophet began with his prophecy in ISA 6:1 the year Uzziah died.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p76]"
Begin_Joel_11_prophesying,Joel's time as prophet begins*,"The word of the LORD that came to Joel, the son of Pethuel: (JOE 1:1)",Begin,Joel_11,3223,,,,The estimated year Joel_'s time as prophet begins is the year Isaiah's time as prophet begins = 3223,,,739,3197,808,554,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
No clear date is given in the book of Joel for its timing.  Ussher places Joel after the 13th Jubilee around 808 BC during Isaiah's time of prophesying.
[Ussher date p74]"
Death_Azariah_3,Death of Azariah*,"He was SIXTEEN YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned FIFTY-TWO YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Jecoliah of Jerusalem. (2KI 15:2)",Death,Azariah_3,3223,69,,2KI 15:2,The year of Azariah_3's death (3223) is the year his reign ended = 3223,,,739,3246,759,585,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Azariah's death occurred when his reign ended
[Ussher date p76]"
End_Azariah_3_reign,Azariah's (Uzziah's) reign as king over Judah ends*,"He was sixteen years old when he became king, and he reigned FIFTY-TWO YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Jecoliah of Jerusalem. (2KI 15:2)",End,Azariah_3,3223,69,52,2KI 15:2,The year Azariah's reign ended is the year his reign began (3170) + the length of his reign (52)  + 1 year for the the accession-year undercount = 3223,Jerusalem,2KI 15:2,739,3246,759,585,3167,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah counted regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p76]"
End_Jotham_2_co-regency_with_Azariah,Jotham's co-regency with Azariah over Judah ends,Jotham's co-regency with Azariah over Judah ended with Azariah's death and the end of his reign,End,Jotham_2,3223,36,,,The year Jotham's co-regency with Azariah ended is the year Azariah died and his reign ended = 3223,,,739,,,,,
Begin_Jotham_2_sole_reign,Jotham's sole reign over Judah begins,Jotham's sole reign over Judah began with Azariah's death and the end of his reign,Begin,Jotham_2,3223,36,,,The year Jotham's sole reign over Judah began is the year Azariah's reign ended = 3223,Jerusalem,2KI 15:33,739,3246,759,585,3167,"""He was twenty-five years old when he became king"" (2KI 15:33)
*HYPOTHESIS:
This is the ""second year of Pekah"" when counted using Israel's non-accession-year approach.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p76]"
Begin_Micah_4_prophesying,Micah's time as prophet begins*,"The word of the LORD which came to Micah of Moresheth in the days of Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, which he saw concerning Samaria and Jerusalem. (MIC 1:1)",Begin,Micah_4,3223,,,MIC 1:1,The estimated year Micah's time of prophecy begins is the year Jotham's sole reign began = 3223,,,739,,,,3153,[Shulman date p83]
End_Joel_11_prophesying,Joel's time as prophet ends*,Joel's time as prophet ends,End,Joel_11,3224,,1,,The estimated year Joel_'s time as prophet ends is the year after it began (3223 + 1) = 3224,,,738,,,,,
End_Jotham_2_sole_reign,Jotham's sole reign as king over Judah ends,"He was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned SIXTEEN YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Jerusha the daughter of Zadok. (2KI 15:33)",End,Jotham_2,3227,40,16,2KI 15:33,The year Jotham's sole reign ended is the year his reign began (3212) + the length of his reign (16) - 1 year for a Hebrew-Anno Hominis calendar misalignment = 3227,Jerusalem,2KI 15:33,735,,,,3183,"2KI 15:33 says Jotham reigned SIXTEEN years but 2KI 15:30 mentions the TWENTIETH year of his reign so we know his reign continued but was disputed with Ahaz.
[Shulman date p83]"
Begin_Jotham_2_co-regency_with_Ahaz,Jotham's co-regency with Ahaz over Judah begins,"And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and struck him and put him to death and became king in his place, in the TWENTIETH YEAR of Jotham the son of Uzziah. (2KI 15:30)",Begin,Jotham_2,3227,25,16,2KI 15:33,The year Jotham's disputed reign began is the year his reign began (3212) + the length of his (undisputed) reign (16) - 1 year for a Hebrew-Anno Hominis calendar misalignment = 3227,Jerusalem,2KI 15:33,735,,,,,
Begin_Ahaz_1_co-regency_with_Jotham,Ahaz's co-regency with Jotham over Judah begins,"In the SEVENTEENTH YEAR of Pekah the son of Remaliah, Ahaz the son of Jotham, king of Judah, became king. (2KI 16:1)",Begin,Ahaz_1,3227,20,17,2KI 16:1,The year Ahaz's reign began is the year Pekah's reign began (3210) + 17 years = 3227,Jerusalem,2KI 16:2,735,,,,,"""Ahaz was twenty years old when he became king"" (2KI 16:2)
*HYPOTHESIS:
This is the ""seventeenth year of Pekah"" when counted starting with Pekah's disputed rival reign with Menachem."
End_Pekah_1_reign,Pekah's reign as king over Israel ends*,"In the fifty-second year of Azariah king of Judah, Pekah son of Remaliah became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned TWENTY YEARS. (2KI 15:27)",End,Pekah_1,3231,,20,2KI 15:27,The year Pekah's reign ended is the year his reign began (3210) + the length of his reign (20) + 1 year for the the accession-year undercount = 3231,Samaria,2KI 15:27,731,,,,3185,"*HYPOTHESIS:
During this period, Israel countal regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]"
Begin_Hoshea_1_reign,Hoshea's reign as king over Israel begins*,"And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and struck him and put him to death and became king in his place, in the TWENTIETH YEAR of Jotham the son of Uzziah. (2KI 15:30)",Begin,Hoshea_1,3231,,20,2KI 17:1,The year Hoshea's reign began is the year Ahaz's reign began (3212) + 20 years - 1 year for the Israel-Judah calendar offset = 3231,Samaria,2KI 17:1,731,3265,739,611,3185,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel began their calendar year in the spring (Nisan) and Judah began their calendar year in the fall (Tishrei).  See dataset notes for more information.

Thiele considers the ""twelfth year of Ahaz"" in 2KI 17:1 to be a late addition to the text and a miscalculation on the part of the editor(s) of that chapter since it is impossible to reconcile with other synchronisms of related kings.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p79]"
Death_Jotham_2,Death of Jotham*,"And Jotham slept with his fathers, and he was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father; and Ahaz his son became king in his place. (2KI 15:38)",Death,Jotham_2,3231,44,20,2KI 15:38,The year of Jotham_2's death (3231) is the year his reign ended = 3231,,,731,3262,742,598,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Jotham's death occurred when his reign ended
[Ussher date p77]"
End_Jotham_2_co-regency_with_Ahaz,Jotham's co-regency with Ahaz over Judah ends,"And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and struck him and put him to death and became king in his place, in the TWENTIETH YEAR of Jotham the son of Uzziah. (2KI 15:30)",End,Jotham_2,3231,44,20,2KI 15:30,The year Jotham's reign ended is the year his reign began (3221) + the length of his reign (20) - 1 year for an all-calendar-years overcount = 3240,Jerusalem,2KI 15:33,731,3262,742,598,,"2KI 15:33 says Jotham reigned SIXTEEN years but 2KI 15:30 mentions the TWENTIETH year of his reign.
[Ussher date p77]"
End_Ahaz_1_co-regency_with_Jotham,Ahaz's co-regency with Jotham over Judah ends,Ahaz's co-regency with his father ended with his father's death,End,Ahaz_1,3231,24,,,The year Ahaz's co-regency with Jotham ended is the year of Jotham's death = 3231,Jerusalem,2KI 16:2,731,3262,742,598,,[Ussher date p77]
Begin_Ahaz_1_reign,Ahaz's reign over Judah begins,Ahaz's sole reign began when his co-regency ended,Begin,Ahaz_1,3231,20,,,"The year Ahaz's sole reign began is the year his co-regency with his father, Jotham, ended = 3231",Jerusalem,2KI 16:2,731,3262,742,598,3183,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p77]"
Begin_Hezekiah_1_co-regency with Ahaz,Hezekiah's co-regency with Ahaz begins*,"Now it came about in the THIRD YEAR of Hoshea, the son of Elah king of Israel, that Hezekiah the son of Ahaz king of Judah became king. (2KI 18:1)",Begin,Hezekiah_1,3233,12,3,2KI 18:1,The year Hezekiah's co-regency began is the year Hoshea's reign began (3231) + 3 years - a 1-year duration overcount = 3233,,,729,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The duration does not extend into the next calendar year."
End_Hosea_1_prophesying,Hosea's time as prophet ends*,"The word of the LORD which came to Hosea the son of Beeri, during the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, and during the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash, king of Israel. (HOS 1:1)",End,Hosea_1,3235,,2,HOS 1:1,The estimated year Hosea_1's time as prophet ends is 2 years after Hezekiah's reign began = 3235,,,727,,,,3152,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The year Hoshea's time of prophecy ended to prophecy shortly after Hezekiah began to reign and before the Assyrian captivity.
[Shulman date p83]"
Begin_Assyrian_Invasion,Assyria beseiges Israel,"Now in the FOURTH YEAR of King Hezekiah, which was the SEVENTH YEAR of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up against Samaria and besieged it. (2KI 18:9)",Begin,Shalmaneser_1,3237,,7,2KI 18:9,The year the Assyrian invasion began is the year Hoshea's reign began (3231) + the year of his reign when the attacks began (7) - 1 year for Israel's all-calendar-years overcount = 3237,,,725,3280,724,632,,[Ussher date p80]
End_Hoshea_1_reign,Hoshea's reign as king over Israel ends*,"In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah, Hoshea the son of Elah became king over Israel in Samaria, and reigned NINE YEARS. (2KI 17:1)",End,Hoshea_1,3239,,9,2KI 17:1,The year Hoshea's reign ended is the year his reign began (3231) + the length of his reign (10) - 1 year for the all-calendar-years overcount = 3239,Samaria,2KI 17:1,723,3283,721,634,3205,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p80]"
End_Assyrian_Invasion,Assyria's seige of Israel ended,"At the end of three years they captured it; in the SIXTH YEAR of Hezekiah, which was the NINTH YEAR of Hoshea king of Israel, Samaria was captured. (2KI 18:10)",End,Shalmaneser_1,3239,,6,2KI 18:10,The year the Assyrian invasion ended is the year Hezekiah's reign began (3233) + the year of his reign when the attacks ended (6) = 3239.  This is also year 9 of Hoshea's reign (3231 + 9 - 1 year for Israel's all-calendar-years overcount) = 3239,,,723,3283,721,634,,"Then the king of Assyria invaded the whole land and went up to Samaria and besieged it THREE YEARS. (2KI 17:5)
*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Ussher date p80]"
The_Assyrian_Captivity_of_Israel,Israel carried away into exile in Assyria*,"In the NINTH YEAR of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria and carried Israel away into exile to Assyria, and settled them in Halah and Habor, on the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. (2KI 17:6)

At the end of three years they captured it; in the SIXTH YEAR of Hezekiah, which was the NINTH YEAR of Hoshea king of Israel, Samaria was captured. (2KI 18:10)",Unique,Shalmaneser_1,3239,,9,2KI 17:6,The year of the Assyrian captivity is the year Hezekiah's reign began (3237) + the year of his reign when the attacks ended (9) = 3246.  This is also year 9 of Hoshea's reign (3231 + 9 - 1 year for Israel's all-calendar-years overcount) = 3239,,,723,3283,721,634,3205,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Israel's ""all calendar years"" approach means that Scipture records one year more than the ""total duration"" used in this dataset.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p80]"
End_Ahaz_1_reign,Ahaz's reign as king over Judah ends*,"Ahaz was twenty years old when he became king, and he reigned SIXTEEN YEARS in Jerusalem; and he did not do what was right in the sight of the LORD his God, as his father David had done. (2KI 16:2)",End,Ahaz_1,3246,39,16,2KI 16:2,The year Ahaz's reign ended is the year his (sole) reign began (3231) + the length of his reign (16) - a 1-year duration overcount = 3246,Jerusalem,2KI 16:2,716,,,,3198,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The duration does not extend into the next calendar year.
[Shulman date p83]"
Death_Ahaz_1,Death of Ahaz*,"So Ahaz slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David; and his son Hezekiah reigned in his place. (2KI 16:20)",Death,Ahaz_1,3246,39,,2KI 16:20,The year of Ahaz_1's death (3246) is the year his reign ended = 3246,,,716,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Ahaz's death occurred when his reign ended"
End_Hezekiah_1_co-regency with Ahaz,Hezekiah's co-regency with Ahaz ends,"So Ahaz slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David; and his son Hezekiah reigned in his place. (2KI 16:20)",End,Hezekiah_1,3246,25,,2KI 16:20,"The year Hezekiah's co-regency ended is the year his father, Ahaz, died = 3246",,,716,,,,,
Begin_Hezekiah_1_reign,Hezekiah's reign as king over Judah begins,"So Ahaz slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David; and his son Hezekiah reigned in his place. (2KI 16:20)",Begin,Hezekiah_1,3246,25,3,2KI 16:20,The year Hezekiah's sole reign began is the year his father's (Ahaz's) reign ended = 3246,Jerusalem,2KI 18:2,716,,,,,"""He was twenty-five years old when he became king"" (2KI 18:2)
This is the year that starts the count of Hezekiah's 29-year reign."
Birth_Manasseh_3,Birth of Manasseh,"Manasseh was TWELVE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned fifty-five years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Hephzibah. (2KI 21:1)",Birth,Manasseh_3,3253,0,12,2KI 21:1,The year of Manasseh_3's birth is the year his reign began (3265) - his age when his reign began (12) = 3253,,,709,3294,710,671,3198,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p85]"
Assyria_Besieges_Jerusalem,Assyria besieges Jerusalem*,"Now in the FOURTEENTH YEAR of King Hezekiah, Sennacherib king of Assyria came up against all the fortified cities of Judah and seized them. (2KI 18:13)",Battle,Sennacherib_1,3259,38,14,2KI 18:13,The year Sennacherib attack on Jerusalem began is the year Hezekiah's reign began (3246) + 15 years - 1 year for the accession year overcount = 3259,Jerusalem,2KI 18:13,703,3291,713,643,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah counted regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Ussher date p82]"
Hezekiahs_Affliction_and_Repentance,Hezekiah is afflicted but repents,"“Return and say to Hezekiah the leader of My people, ‘Thus says the LORD, the God of your father David, “I have heard your prayer, I have seen your tears; behold, I will heal you. On the third day you shall go up to the house of the LORD.  I will add FIFTEEN YEARS to your life, and I will deliver you and this city from the hand of the king of Assyria; and I will defend this city for My own sake and for My servant David’s sake.”’” (2KI 20:5-6)",Prophesy,Hezekiah_1,3260,39,15,2KI 20:6,The year Hezekiah was afflicted and repented is the year his reign ended (3275) - the additional years the LORD provided (15) = 3260,Jerusalem,2KI 18:2,702,3291,713,644,,[Ussher date p82]
Begin_Manasseh_3_co-regency,Manasseh's co-regency with Hezekiah begins*,"Manasseh co-reigns with his father, Hezekiah.",Begin,Manasseh_3,3265,6,10,,The year Manasseh's co-regency began is the year his sole reign began (3275) - the length of his co-regency (10) = 3265,,,697,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
If Manasseh's reign started at the END of Hezekiah's reign then the reigns of the subsequent kings of Judah end ten years AFTER the destruction of the Temple in 586 BCE which is not possible."
Jubilee_14,Jubilee #14,Jubilee #14,Jubilee,,3269,,50,,The year of Jubilee #14 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3219) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3269,,,693,3246,759,584,,[Ussher date p76]
End_Hezekiah_1_reign,Hezekiah's reign as king over Judah ends,"He was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned TWENTY-NINE YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Abi the daughter of Zechariah. (2KI 18:2)",End,Hezekiah_1,3275,54,29,2KI 18:2,The year Hezekiah's reign ended is the year his reign began (3246) + the length of his reign (29) = 3275,,,687,,,,3228,[Shulman date p83]
End_Micah_4_prophesying,Micah's time as prophet ends*,"Micah of Moresheth prophesied in the days of Hezekiah king of Judah; and he spoke to all the people of Judah, saying, ‘Thus the LORD of hosts has said, “Zion will be plowed as a field, And Jerusalem will become ruins, And the mountain of the house as the high places of a forest.”’ (JER 26:18)",End,Micah_4,3275,,,JER 26:18,The estimated year Micah's time as prophet ends is the year Hezekiah's reign ended = 3275,,,687,3291,713,654,3163,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p83]"
End_Manasseh_3_co-regency,Manasseh's co-regency with Hezekiah ends,"So Hezekiah slept with his fathers, and Manasseh his son became king in his place. (2KI 20:21)",End,Manasseh_3,3275,22,,,The year Manasseh's co-regency ended is the year his father's (Hezekiah's) reign ended = 3275,,,687,,,,,
Begin_Manasseh_3_reign,Manasseh's sole reign as king over Judah begins,"So Hezekiah slept with his fathers, and Manasseh his son became king in his place. (2KI 20:21)",Begin,Manasseh_3,3275,22,,2KI 20:21,The year Manasseh's (sole) reign began is the year his father's (Hezekiah's) reign ended = 3275,Jerusalem,2KI 21:1,687,3306,698,683,3228,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p86]"
End_Isaiah_1_prophesying,Isaiah's time as prophet ends*,Isaiah's time as prophet ends,End,Isaiah_1,3275,,,,The estimated year Isaiah's time as prophet ends is the year Manasseh's reign began = 3275,,,687,3306,698,683,3212,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL HISTORY:
The Talmud (Yevamot 49b-50a) and later Christian texts like the “Martyrdom of Isaiah” (a 2nd-century BC apocryphal work), claim Isaiah was martyred by being sawn in two under King Manasseh’s orders. This tradition is reflected in Hebrews 11:37.
*HYPOTHESIS:
This happened at the beginning of Manasseh's reign.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p86]"
Birth_Amon_2,Birth of Amon,"Amon was TWENTY-TWO years old when he became king, and he reigned two years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Meshullemeth the daughter of Haruz of Jotbah. (2KI 21:19)",Birth,Amon_2,3298,0,22,2KI 21:19,The year of Amon_2's birth is the year his reign began (3320) - his age when his reign began (22) = 3298,,,664,3339,665,708,,[Ussher date p89]
Begin_Nahum_1_prophesying,Nahum's time as prophet begins*,"Are you better than No-amon [Thebes], Which was situated by the waters of the Nile, With water surrounding her, Whose rampart was the sea, Whose wall consisted of the sea? (NAH 3:8)",Begin,Nahum_1,3298,,,NAH 3:8,"The estimated year Nahum's time as prophet begins is the year No-amon (Thebes, Egypt) was destroyed (664 BCE) = 3298",,,664,3246,759,586,3228,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p76]  Ussher refers to Josephus' view that Nahum's ministry was earlier and his statements regarding No-Amon were predictive rather than observational."
Birth_Josiah_1,Birth of Josiah,"Josiah was EIGHT YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned thirty-one years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Jedidah the daughter of Adaiah of Bozkath. (2KI 22:1)",Birth,Josiah_1,3313,0,8,2KI 22:1,The year of Josiah_1's birth is the year his reign began (3321) - his age when his reign began (8) = 3313,,,649,3355,649,714,,[Ussher date p90]
Jubilee_15,Jubilee #15,Jubilee #15,Jubilee,,3319,,50,,The year of Jubilee #15 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3269) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3319,,,643,3295,709,673,,[Ussher date p85]
End_Manasseh_3_reign,Manasseh's reign as king over Judah ends,"Manasseh was twelve years old when he became king, and he reigned FIFTY-FIVE YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Hephzibah. (2KI 21:1)",End,Manasseh_3,3320,67,55,2KI 21:1,The year Manasseh's reign ended is the year his reign (co-regency) began (3265) + the length of his reign (55) = 3320,Jerusalem,2KI 21:1,642,3361,643,683,3283,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p90]"
Death_Manasseh_3,Death of Manasseh*,"And Manasseh slept with his fathers and was buried in the garden of his own house, in the garden of Uzza, and Amon his son became king in his place. (2KI 21:18)",Death,Manasseh_3,3320,67,,2KI 21:18,The year of Manasseh_3's death (3320) is the year his reign ended = 3320,,,642,3361,643,683,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Manasseh's death occurred when his reign ended
[Ussher date p90]"
Begin_Amon_2_reign,Amon's reign as king over Judah begins,"And Manasseh slept with his fathers and was buried in the garden of his own house, in the garden of Uzza, and Amon his son became king in his place. (2KI 21:18)",Begin,Amon_2,3320,22,,2KI 21:18,The year Amon's reign began is the year Manasseh's reign ended = 3320,Jerusalem,2KI 21:19,642,3361,643,718,3283,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p90]"
End_Amon_2_reign,Amon's reign as king over Judah ends*,"Amon was twenty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned TWO YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Meshullemeth the daughter of Haruz of Jotbah. (2KI 21:19)",End,Amon_2,3321,23,2,2KI 21:19,The year Amon's reign ended is the year his reign began (3320) + the length of his reign (2) - a 1-year duration overcount = 3321,Jerusalem,2KI 21:19,641,3363,641,719,3285,"*HYPOTHESIS:
The duration does not extend into the next calendar year.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p90]"
Death_Amon_2,Death of Amon,The servants of Amon conspired against him and killed the king in his own house. (2KI 21:23),Death,Amon_2,3321,23,,2KI 21:23,The year of Amon_2's death (3321) is the year his reign ended = 3321,,,641,3363,641,719,,[Ussher date p90]
Begin_Josiah_1_reign,Josiah's reign as king over Judah begins,"Then the people of the land killed all those who had conspired against King Amon, and the people of the land made Josiah his son king in his place. (2KI 21:24)",Begin,Josiah_1,3321,8,,2KI 21:24,The year Josiah's reign began is the year Amon's reign ended = 3321,Jerusalem,2KI 22:1,641,3364,640,720,3285,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p90]"
Begin_Zephaniah_3_prophesying,Zephaniah's time as prophet begins*,"The word of the LORD which came to Zephaniah son of Cushi, son of Gedaliah, son of Amariah, son of Hezekiah, in the days of Josiah son of Amon, king of Judah (ZEP 1:1)",Begin,Zephaniah_3,3321,,,ZEP 1:1,The estimated year Zephaniah's time as prophet begins is the year Josiah's reign began = 3321,,,,3375,629,738,3283,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p92]"
Birth_Eliakim_2,Birth of Eliakim,"Jehoiakim was TWENTY-FIVE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Zebidah the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah. (2KI 23:36)",Birth,Eliakim_2,3328,0,25,2KI 23:36,The year of Eliakim_2's (Jehoiakim's) birth is the year his reign began (3353) - his age when his reign began (25) = 3328,,,634,3370,635,728,,[Ussher date p91]
Birth_Jehoahaz_2,Birth of Jehoahaz,"Jehoahaz was TWENTY-THREE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned three months in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. (2KI 23:31)",Birth,Jehoahaz_2,3330,0,23,2KI 23:31,The year of Jehoahaz_2's birth is the year his reign began (3353) - his age when his reign began (23) = 3330,,,632,3371,633,732,,[Ussher date p91]
Begin_Jeremiah_6_prophesying,Jeremiah's time as prophet began during the reign of Josiah,"The words of Jeremiah the son of Hilkiah, of the priests who were in Anathoth in the land of Benjamin, to whom the word of the LORD came in the days of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, in the THIRTEENTH YEAR of his reign. (JER 1:1-2)",Begin,Jeremiah_6,3335,,13,JER 1:1,The year Jeremiah's time as prophet begins is year 13 of Josiah's reign + 1 year for accession year undercount = (3321 + 13 + 1) = 3335,Anathoth,JER 1:1,627,3375,629,738,3298,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah counted regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p92]"
Josiah_1_repairs_the_Temple,Josiah repairs the Temple,"Now in the EIGHTEENTH YEAR of King Josiah, the king sent Shaphan, the son of Azaliah the son of Meshullam the scribe, to the house of the LORD saying,  “Go up to Hilkiah the high priest that he may count the money brought in to the house of the LORD which the doorkeepers have gathered from the people."" (2KI 22:3-4)",Construction,Josiah_1,3339,26,18,2KI 22:3,The year Josiah began to repair the Temple (3339) is the year his reign began (3321) + the length of his reign to that point (18) = 3339,,,623,3380,624,743,,"See also 2CH 34:8
[Ussher date p92]"
Josiahs_Passover,Josiah's Passover,"Then the king commanded all the people saying, “Celebrate the Passover to the LORD your God bas it is written in this book of the covenant.”  Surely such a Passover had not been celebrated from the days of the judges who judged Israel, nor in all the days of the kings of Israel and of the kings of Judah.  But in the EIGHTEENTH YEAR of King Josiah, this Passover was observed to the LORD in Jerusalem. (2KI 23:21-23)",Unique,Josiah_1,3339,26,18,2KI 23:23,The year of Josiah's Passover is the year his reign began (3321) + the year within his reign (18) = 3339,Jerusalem,2KI 23:23,623,3380,624,744,,[Ussher date p92]
Birth_Mattaniah_1,Birth of Mattaniah (Zedekiah),"Zedekiah was TWENTY-ONE YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. (2KI 24:18)",Birth,Mattaniah_1,3344,0,21,2KI 24:18,The year of Mattaniah_1's (Zedekiah's) birth is the year his reign began (3365) - his age when his reign began (21) = 3344,,,618,3384,620,746,,[Ussher date p93]
Birth_Jehoiachin_1,Birth of Jehoiachin,"Jehoiachin was EIGHTEEN YEARS old when he became king, and he reigned three months in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Nehushta the daughter of Elnathan of Jerusalem. (2KI 24:8)",Birth,Jehoiachin_1,3346,0,18,2KI 24:8,The year of Jehoiachin_1's birth is the year his reign began (3364) - his age when his reign began (18) = 3346,,,616,3387,617,749,,[Ussher date p93]
End_Nahum_1_prophesying,Nahum's time as prophet ends*,The oracle of Nineveh. The book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite. (NAH 1:1),End,Nahum_1,3349,,,NAH 1:1,The estimated year Nahum's time as prophet ends was the year before Nineveh was destroyed  (612 BCE) - 1 = 3349,,,613,,,,3316,"[Shulman date p83]
Nahum's prophecy preceded the fall of Nineveh."
End_Zephaniah_3_prophesying,Zephaniah's time as prophet ends*,"The word of the LORD which came to Zephaniah son of Cushi, son of Gedaliah, son of Amariah, son of Hezekiah, in the days of Josiah son of Amon, king of Judah (ZEP 1:1)",End,Zephaniah_3,3353,,,ZEP 1:1,The estimated year Zephaniah's time as prophet ends is the year Josiah's reign ended = 3353,,,609,,,,3285,[Shulman date p83]
End_Josiah_1_reign,Josiah's reign as king over Judah ends*,"Josiah was eight years old when he became king, and he reigned THIRTY-ONE YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Jedidah the daughter of Adaiah of Bozkath. (2KI 22:1)",End,Josiah_1,3353,40,31,2KI 22:1,The year Josiah's reign ended is the year his reign began (3321) + the length of his reign (31) + 1 year for accession year undercount = 3353,Jerusalem,2KI 22:1,609,3394,610,755,3316,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Judah counted regnal years starting the year AFTER a king took the throne (accession year) resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p94]"
Death_Josiah_1,Death of Josiah*,"In his days Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt went up to the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates. And King Josiah went to meet him, and when Pharaoh Neco saw him he killed him at Megiddo. (2KI 23:29)",Death,Josiah_1,3353,40,,2KI 23:29,The year of Josiah_1's death (3353) is the year his reign ended = 3353,,,609,3394,610,755,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Josiah's death occurred when his reign ended
[Ussher date p94]"
Begin_Jehoahaz_2_reign,Jehoahaz's reign as king over Judah begins,"His servants drove his body in a chariot from Megiddo, and brought him to Jerusalem and buried him in his own tomb. Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah and anointed him and made him king in place of his father. (2KI 23:30)",Begin,Jehoahaz_2,3353,23,,2KI 23:30,The year Jehoahaz's reign began is the year Josiah's reign ended = 3353,Jerusalem,2KI 23:31,609,3394,610,760,3316,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p94]"
End_Jehoahaz_2_reign,Jehoahaz's reign as king over Judah ends,"Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned THREE MONTHS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. (2KI 23:31)
Pharaoh Neco imprisoned him at Riblah in the land of Hamath, that he might not reign in Jerusalem; and he imposed on the land a fine of one hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold. (2KI 23:33)",End,Jehoahaz_2,3353,23,,2KI 23:31,The year Jehoahaz's reign ended is the year his reign began (3353) + the length of his reign (3 months) = 3353,Jerusalem,2KI 23:31,609,3394,610,761,3316,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p94]"
Begin_Eliakim_2_reign,Eliakim's (Jehoiakim's) reign as king over Judah begins,"Pharaoh Neco made Eliakim the son of Josiah king in the place of Josiah his father, and changed his name to Jehoiakim. But he took Jehoahaz away and brought him to Egypt, and he died there. (2KI 23:34)",Begin,Eliakim_2,3353,25,,2KI 23:34,The year Eliakim's (Jehoiakim's) reign began is the year Jehoahaz's reign ended = 3353,Jerusalem,2KI 23:36,609,3394,610,761,3316,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p94]"
Begin_Habakkuk_1_prophesying,Habakkuk's time as prophet begins*,"For behold, I am araising up the Chaldeans, That fierce and impetuous people Who march throughout the earth To seize dwelling places which are not theirs. (HAB 1:6)",Begin,Habakkuk_1,3353,,,HAB 1:6,The estimated year Habakkuk's time as prophet begins is the year Eliakim's regin began = 3353,,,609,3395,609,766,,[Ussher date p95]
Begin_Nebuchadnezzar_1_reign,Nebuchadnezzar's reign as king over Babylon begins,"Jehoiachin the king of Judah went out to the king of Babylon, he and his mother and his servants and his captains and his officials. So the king of Babylon took him captive in the EIGHTH YEAR of his reign. (2KI 24:12)",Begin,Nebuchadnezzar_1,3357,,8,2KI 24:12,The year Nebuchadnezzar's reign began is 8 years before Jehoiachin's reign ended (3365 - 8) = 3357,,,605,3397,607,771,3319,"[Shulman date p142]
[Ussher date p95]"
Begin_Daniel_2_captivity,Daniel's captivity in Babylon began*,"In the THIRD YEAR of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came to Jerusalem and besieged it.  Then the king ordered Ashpenaz, the chief of his officials, to bring in some of the sons of Israel, including some of the royal afamily and of the nobles, youths in whom was no defect, who were good-looking, showing intelligence in every branch of wisdom, endowed with understanding and discerning knowledge, and who had ability for serving in the king’s court; and he ordered him to teach them the literature and language of the Chaldeans. Now among them from the sons of Judah were Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah. (DAN 1:1, 3-6)",Begin,Daniel_2,3357,,3,DAN 1:1,The year Daniel's captivity began is the year Jehoiakim's reign began (3353) + the year of his reign with the captivity began (3) + 1 year for accession year undercount = 3357,Shinar,DAN 1:2,605,3398,607,777,3327,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Daniel's count used the accession year counting of Jehoiakim's regnal years resulting in a 1-year undercount.  See dataset notes for more information.
[Shulman date p146]
[Ussher date p96]"
Jeremiah_prophesies_about_Nebuchadnezzar,Jeremiah prophesies about Nebuchadnezzar,"The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah, in the FOURTH YEAR of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah (that was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon), (JER 25:1)",Prophesy,Jeremiah_6,3357,,4,JER 25:1,The year Jeremiah prophesied about Nebuchadnezzar is the year Eliakim's reign began (3353) + 4 years = 3357,,,605,3395,607,768,,[Ussher date p95]
Baruch_records_Jeremiah_31_scroll,Baruch records the scroll of Jeremiah chapter 31,"In the FOURTH YEAR of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, this word came to Jeremiah from the LORD, saying, “Take a scroll and write on it all the words which I have spoken to you concerning Israel and concerning Judah, and concerning all the nations, from the day I first spoke to you, from the days of Josiah, even to this day. (JER 36:1-2)",Prophesy,Baruch_4,3357,,4,JER 36:1,The year Baruch recorded Jeremiah's words is the year Eliakim's reign began (3353) + 4 years = 3357,,,605,3398,607,773,3320,"Also, JER 45 and 46.
[Shulman date p173]
[Ussher date p95]"
Judahs_fast_during_Av,Judah's fast during the month of Av (the ninth month),"Now in the FIFTH YEAR of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, in the ninth month, all the people in Jerusalem and all the people who came from the cities of Judah to Jerusalem proclaimed a fast before the LORD. (JER 36:9)",Unique,,3358,,5,JER 36:9,The year Judah fasts during Jehoiakim's reign is the year Eliakim's reign began (3353) + 5 years = 3358,Jerusalem,JER 36:9,604,3399,606,779,,[Ussher date p96]
Nebuchadnezzar_dream,Nebuchadnezzar's dream and Daniel's interpretation,"Now in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuchadnezzar had dreams; and his spirit was troubled and his sleep left him.
 
So the decree went forth that the wise men should be slain; and they looked for Daniel and his friended to kill them. (DAN 2:1, 13)",Vision,Nebuchadnezzar_1,3359,,2,DAN 2:1,The year Nebuchadnezzar had dreams is the year his reign began (3357) + 2 years = 3359,,,603,3401,604,787,3321,"[Shulman date p173]
[Ussher date p97]"
Begin_Eliakim_2_vassal,Eliakim (Jehoiakim) a vassal of Nebuchadnezzar,"In his days Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up, and Jehoiakim became his servant for three years; then he turned and rebelled against him. (2KI 24:1)",Begin,Eliakim_2,3361,33,3,2KI 24:1,The year Eliakim's (Jehoiakim's) vassalage began is the year his reign ended (3364) - the length of his vassalage (3) = 3328,,,601,3401,604,785,,[Ussher date p97]
End_Eliakim_2_reign,Eliakim's (Jehoiakim's) reign as king over Judah ends,"Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned ELEVEN YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Zebidah the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah. (2KI 23:36)",End,Eliakim_2,3364,36,11,2KI 23:36,The year Eliakim's (Jehoiakim's) reign ended is the year his reign began (3353) + the length of his reign (11) = 3364,Jerusalem,2KI 23:36,598,3404,600,792,3327,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p98]"
Death_Eliakim_2,Death of Eliakim (Jehoiakim),"So Jehoiakim slept with his fathers, and Jehoiachin his son became king in his place. (2KI 24:6)",Death,Eliakim_2,3364,36,,2KI 24:6,The year of Eliakim_2's death (3364) is the year his reign ended = 3364,,,598,3405,599,794,,[Ussher date p98]
Begin_Jehoiachin_1_reign,Jehoiachin's reign as king over Judah begins,"So Jehoiakim slept with his fathers, and Jehoiachin his son became king in his place. (2KI 24:6)",Begin,Jehoiachin_1,3364,18,,2KI 24:6,The year Jehoiachin's (Jehoiakim's) reign began is the year Eliakim's reign ended = 3364,Jerusalem,2KI 24:8,598,3327,677,795,3327,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p98]"
End_Jehoiachin_1_reign,Jehoiachin's reign as king over Judah ends*,"Jehoiachin was eighteen years old when he became king, and he reigned THREE MONTHS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Nehushta the daughter of Elnathan of Jerusalem. (2KI 24:8)",End,Jehoiachin_1,3365,19,,2KI 24:8,The year Jehoiachin's reign ended is the year his reign began (3364) + the length of his reign (3 months) = 3365,Jerusalem,2KI 24:8,597,3405,599,797,3327,"*HYPOTHESIS: 
The three months began in A.H. 3364 and ended in A.H. 3365.  This ensures the remaining regnal dates end with the destruction of the Temple in 586 BCE.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p98]"
Begin_Jehoiachin_1_exile,Jehoiachin's exile and imprisonment in Babylon began,"So he led Jehoiachin away into exile to Babylon; also the king’s mother and the king’s wives and his officials and the leading men of the land, he led away into exile from Jerusalem to Babylon. (2KI 24:15)",Begin,Jehoiachin_1,3365,19,,2KI 24:15,The year Jehoiachin's exile began is the year his reign ended = 3365,,,597,3405,599,797,3327,"[Shulman date p142]
[Ussher date p98]"
Begin_Mattaniah_1_reign,Mattaniah's (Zedekiah's) reign as king over Judah begins,"Then the king of Babylon made his uncle Mattaniah king in his place, and changed his name to Zedekiah. (2KI 24:17)",Begin,Mattaniah_1,3365,21,11,2KI 24:17,The year Mattaniah's (Zedekiah's) reign began is the year Jehoiachin's reign ended = 3365,Jerusalem,2KI 24:18,597,3405,599,806,3327,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p99]"
Jubilee_16,Jubilee #16,Jubilee #16,Jubilee,,3369,,50,,The year of Jubilee #16 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3319) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3369,,,593,3344,660,709,,[Ussher date p89]
Begin_Ezekiel_1_prophesying,Ezekiel's time as prophet begins,"(On the fifth of the month in the fifth year of King Jehoiachin’s exile, the word of the LORD came expressly to Ezekiel the priest, son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans by the river Chebar; and there the hand of the LORD came upon him.) (EZE 1:2-3)",Begin,Ezekiel_1,3370,,5,EZE 1:2,The year Ezekiel's time as prophet begins is in year 5 of Jehoiachin's exile (3365 + 5) = 3370,,,592,3405,599,797,3332,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p98]"
Ezekiel_vision,Ezekiel's vision by the river,"Now it came about in the thirtieth year, on the fifth day of the fourth month, while I was by the river Chebar among the exiles, the heavens were opened and I saw visions of God. (On the fifth of the month in the FIFTH YEAR of King Jehoiachin's exile, the word of the LORD came expressly to Ezekiel the priest, son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans by the river Chebar; and there the hand of the LORD came upon him.) (EZE 1:1-3)",Prophesy,Ezekiel_1,3370,,5,EZE 1:1,The year Ezekiel had visions is the year Jehoiachin's exile began (3365) + 5 years = 3370,Chebar,EZE 1:1,592,3409,595,822,3332,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p99]"
Begin_Nebuchadnezzar_1_seige,Nebuchadnezzar began his seige of Jerusalem,"Now in the NINTH YEAR of his reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, camped against it and built a siege wall all around it. (2KI 25:1)",Begin,Nebuchadnezzar_1,3374,,9,2KI 25:1,The year Nebuchadnezzar's seige of Jerusalem began is nine years after Mattaniah's (Zedekiah's) reign began (3365 + 9) = 3374,Jerusalem,2KI 25:1,588,3414,590,832,,[Ussher date p102]
End_Mattaniah_1_reign,Mattaniah's (Zedekiah's) reign as king over Judah ends,"Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned ELEVEN YEARS in Jerusalem; and his mother’s name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. (2KI 24:18)",End,Mattaniah_1,3376,32,,2KI 24:18,The year Mattaniah's (Zedekiah's) reign ended is the year his reign began (3365) + the length of his reign () = 3365,Jerusalem,2KI 24:18,586,3416,588,849,3338,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p104]"
End_Nebuchadnezzar_1_seige,Nebuchadnezzar ended his seige of Jerusalem,So the city was under siege until the ELEVENTH YEAR of King Zedekiah. (2KI 25:2),End,Nebuchadnezzar_1,3376,,11,2KI 25:2,The year Nebuchadnezzar's seige of Jerusalem ended is eleven years after Mattaniah's (Zedekiah's) reign began (3376 + 11) = 3387,Jerusalem,2KI 25:2,586,3416,588,847,,[Ussher date p104]
Destruction_of_Solomons_Temple,Destruction of Solomon's Temple (the house of the LORD) by Nebuzaradan,"Now on the seventh day of the fifth month, which was the NINETEENTH YEAR of King Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, came to Jerusalem.  He burned the house of the LORD, the king’s house, and all the houses of Jerusalem; even every great house he burned with fire. (2KI 25:8-9)",Destruction,Nebuzaradan_1,3376,,19,2KI 25:9,The year Nebuzaradan destroyed the Temple (3376) is 19 years after Nebuchadnezzar's reign began (3357 + 19) = 3376,Jerusalem,2KI 25:9,586,3416,588,850,3338,"But because our fathers had provoked the God of heaven to wrath, He gave them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this temple and deported the people to Babylon. (EZR 5:12)

For the '586 BCE vs 422 BCE- the missing years' question see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing_years_%28Jewish_calendar%29]

[Shulman date p174]
[Ussher date p104]"
End_Habakkuk_1_prophesying,Habakkuk's time as prophet ends*,Habakkuk time as prophet ends,End,Habakkuk_1,3376,,,,The estimated year Habakkuk's time as prophet ends is the year Judah's exile in Babylon began = 3376,,,586,,,,,
End_Ezekiel_1_prophesying,Ezekiel's time as prophet ends*,Ezekiel's time as prophet ends,End,Ezekiel_1,3376,,,,The estimated year Ezekiel's time as prophet ends is the year Judah's exile in Babylon began = 3376,,,586,3429,575,874,3352,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p109]"
End_Jeremiah_6_prophesying,Jeremiah's time as prophet ended during the reign of Zedekiah*,"It came also in the days of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, until the end of the ELEVENTH YEAR of Zedekiah the son of Josiah, king of Judah, until the exile of Jerusalem in the fifth month. (JER 1:3)",End,Jeremiah_6,3376,,11,JER 1:3,The estimated year Jeremiah's time as prophet ends is 11 years after Mattaniah's (Zedekiah's) reign began (3365 + 11) = 3376,,,586,3415,589,843,3338,"Jeremiah prophesied 23 years (JER 25:3).
See The Sequence of Events in the Old Testament by Shulman, p173
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p103]"
Begin_seventy_year_exile_in_Babylon,Judah's seventy-year exile in Babylon began,"For thus says the LORD, ‘When seventy years have been completed for Babylon, I will visit you and fulfill My good word to you, to bring you back to this place. (JER 29:10)",Begin,,3376,,,JER 29:10,The year the seventy-year exile (Babylonian captivity) began is the year the Temple was destroyed = 3376,,,586,3416,588,851,3338,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p104]"
Begin_Obadiah_12_prophesying,Obadiah's time as prophet begins*,"On the day that you stood aloof, On the day that strangers carried off his wealth, And foreigners entered his gate And cast lots for Jerusalem — You too were as one of them. (OBA 1:11)",Begin,Obadiah_12,3377,,1,OBA 1:11,The estimated year Obadiah's time as prophet begins is the year after Jerusalem fell to Nebuzaradan = 3377,,,585,3417,587,864,,[Ussher date p108]
End_Obadiah_12_prophesying,Obadiah's time as prophet ends*,Obadiah's time as prophet ends,End,Obadiah_12,3378,,1,,The estimated year Obadiah's time as prophet ends is the year after it began = 3378,,,584,,,,,
End_Nebuchadnezzar_1_reign,Nebuchadnezzar's reign as king over Babylon ends,"Now it came about in the thirty-seventh year of the exile of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the twenty-fifth of the month, that Evil-merodach king of Babylon, in the FIRST YEAR of his reign, showed favor to Jehoiachin king of Judah and brought him out of prison. (JER 52:31)",End,Nebuchadnezzar_1,3402,,45,2KI 24:12,The year Nebuchadnezzar's reign ended is the year his son's (Evil-merodach's) reign began = 3402,,,560,3442,562,891,3364,"Various extra-biblical sources indicate Nebuchadnezzar reigned about 45 years so this date aligns with those sources.
[Shulman date p142]
[Ussher date p110]"
Begin_Evil-merodach_1_reign,Evil-merodach's reign as king over Babylon begins,"Now it came about in the THIRTY-SEVENTH YEAR of the exile of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the twenty-fifth of the month, that Evil-merodach king of Babylon, in the FIRST YEAR of his reign, showed favor to Jehoiachin king of Judah and brought him out of prison. (JER 52:31)",Begin,Evil-merodach_1,3402,,37,JER 52:31,The year Evil-merodach's reign began is the year Jehoiachin's exile began (3365) + 37 years = 3402,,,560,3442,562,892,3364,"[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p110]"
End_Jehoiachin_1_imprisonment,Jehoiachin's imprisonment in Babylon ended,"Now it came about in the THIRTY-SEVENTH YEAR of the exile of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month, that Evil-merodach king of Babylon, in the year that he became king, released Jehoiachin king of Judah from prison; (2KI 25:27)",End,Jehoiachin_1,3402,,37,2KI 25:27,The year Jehoiachin's exile ended is the year his exile began (3365) + 37 years = 3402,,,560,3442,562,892,3364,"[Shulman date p142]
[Ussher date p110]"
Begin_Cyrus_1_reign_over_Persia,Cyrus's reign as king over Persia begins,"The start of Cyrus the Great’s reign is primarily associated with two distinct contexts: his rule over Persia (as king of Anshan or Persia) and his conquest of Babylon, which marked his dominance over the Babylonian Empire. The most widely accepted years, based on ancient sources, are 559 BCE for his reign over Persia and 539 BCE for his rule over Babylon.",Begin,Cyrus_1,3403,,27,,The year Cyrus' reign over Persia began (according to extra-biblical sources) is 559 BCE which is 27 years after the destruction of the Temple in 586 (3376 AH + 27) = 3403,,,559,3445,559,904,,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
The Nabonidus Chronicle, Babylonian contract tablets, and Ptolemy’s Canon, combined with Herodotus (Histories 1.46–214) and Berossus (via Josephus), indicate Cyrus became king of Anshan (a precursor to his Persian rule) around 559 BCE. This marks the beginning of his reign over the Persian tribes before his conquests of Media, Lydia, and Babylon.
[Ussher date p111]"
End_Evil-merodach_1_reign,Evil-merodach's reign as king over Babylon ends,Evil-merodach reigned two years,End,Evil-merodach_1,3404,,2,,The year Evil-merodach's reign ended is the year his reign began (3402) + the length of his reign (2 years) = 3404,,,558,3444,560,900,3386,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
- Berossus, a Hellenistic-era Babylonian priest and historian, is cited in later works (e.g., by Josephus and Eusebius) stating that Evil-Merodach reigned for two years before being assassinated by his brother-in-law, Neriglissar. His account, preserved in fragments, describes Evil-Merodach’s rule as ""lawless and outrageous,"" leading to his overthrow after a short reign. This aligns with the two-year timeframe.
- Abydenus, another ancient historian, is referenced in the McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia as assigning Evil-Merodach a reign of two years. His works, though surviving only in fragments, corroborate Berossus’ account of the brief rule ending with Neriglissar’s usurpation.
- The Canon of Ptolemy, a chronological list of kings, records Evil-Merodach (under the name Ilvoradam or similar) as reigning for two years, from 562 to 560 BCE. This astronomical and historical document is considered a reliable source for Babylonian chronology.
- Approximately 30 cuneiform contract tablets dated to Evil-Merodach’s reign have been discovered, covering a period of about two years and five months (562–560 BCE). These tablets, used for economic transactions, provide direct evidence of his rule’s duration, as they cease after August 560 BCE, when Neriglissar’s documents appear.
- The Uruk King List, a cuneiform document, records the reigns of Babylonian kings. While it does not provide detailed narratives, it confirms Evil-Merodach’s reign as brief, consistent with the two-year period noted in other sources.
[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p111]"
Begin_Belshazzar_1_reign,Belshazzar's reign as king over Babylon begins,"Belshazzar' co-regency with his father, Nabonidus, began about five years after the end of Evil-merodach's reign.",Begin,Belshazzar_1,3406,,5,,The year Belshazzar's reign began (according to extra-biblical sources) is 5 about years after Evil-merodach's reign ended (3404 + 5) = 3409,,,556,3449,555,913,3386,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCE:
The Nabonidus Chronicle, a Babylonian cuneiform text, documents the reign of Nabonidus, Belshazzar’s father, from 556 to 539 BCE. It notes that Nabonidus entrusted the kingship to Belshazzar in his third year (ca. 553 BCE) while Nabonidus was in Tema (Arabia). This suggests Belshazzar acted as co-regent or ruler in Babylon from around 553 BCE until the fall of Babylon in 539 BCE, implying a period of about 14 years. 
[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p113]"
Angelic_message_to_Daniel,An angel delivered a message to Daniel (chapter 10),"In the THIRD YEAR of Cyrus king of Persia a message was revealed to Daniel, who was named Belteshazzar; and the message was true and one of great conflict, but he understood the message and had an understanding of the vision. (DAN 10:1)",Message,Daniel_2,3406,,3,DAN 10:1,The year of the angelic message to Daniel is the year Cyrus' reign began (3403) + 3 years = 3406,,,556,,,,,
Daniel_first_dream,Daniel's first dream and visions,In the FIRST YEAR of Belshazzar king of Babylon Daniel saw a dream and visions in his mind as he lay on his bed; then he wrote the dream down and related the following summary of it. (DAN 7:1),Vision,Daniel_2,3406,,,DAN 7:1,The year of Daniel's first vision is the year Belshazzar's reign began = 3406,,,556,3449,555,914,,[Ussher date p113]
Daniel_second_vision,Daniel's second vision,"In the THIRD YEAR of the reign of Belshazzar the king a vision appeared to me, Daniel, subsequent to the one which appeared to me previously. (DAN 8:1)",Vision,Daniel_2,3409,,3,DAN 8:1,The year of Daniel's second vision is the year Belshazzar's reign began (3406) + 3 years = 3409,,,553,3451,553,916,,[Ussher date p113]
Jubilee_17,Jubilee #17,Jubilee #17,Jubilee,,3419,,50,,The year of Jubilee #17 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3369) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3419,,,543,3393,612,752,,[Ussher date p92]
End_Belshazzar_1_reign,Belshazzar's reign as king over Babylon ends,Belshazzar's co-regency with Nabonidus over the Babylonian empire ended with his defeat by Cyrus.,End,Belshazzar_1,3423,,,,The year Belshazzar's reign ended is the year Cyrus' reign began = 3423,,,539,3465,539,934,3389,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
- The Nabonidus Chronicle, a Babylonian cuneiform text, documents the reign of Nabonidus, Belshazzar’s father, from 556 to 539 BCE. It notes that Nabonidus entrusted the kingship to Belshazzar in his third year (ca. 553 BCE) while Nabonidus was in Tema (Arabia). This suggests Belshazzar acted as co-regent or ruler in Babylon from around 553 BCE until the fall of Babylon in 539 BCE, implying a period of about 14 years. The chronicle does not explicitly state the duration but provides key chronological markers.
- The Verse Account of Nabonidus (Cuneiform Text, 6th Century BCE), a propagandistic cuneiform text, likely composed after the Persian conquest, describes Nabonidus’ absence from Babylon and his delegation of authority to his son (presumably Belshazzar). It aligns with the Nabonidus Chronicle, indicating Belshazzar’s rule began around Nabonidus’ third year (553 BCE) and continued until 539 BCE, supporting a roughly 14-year period of influence.
- Numerous cuneiform tablets from Babylon, dated to the reign of Nabonidus, mention Belshazzar in roles of authority, such as overseeing transactions or military matters. These tablets span from around 553 BCE (Nabonidus’ third year) to 539 BCE, suggesting Belshazzar’s active rule or co-regency during this period. While they do not explicitly state a reign length, the consistent references over these years imply about 14 years of prominence.
- Herodotus, in his Histories (Book 1), does not directly name Belshazzar but refers to a Babylonian king (possibly Belshazzar or Nabonidus) during the fall of Babylon in 539 BCE. He does not provide a reign length, but his account aligns with the timeline of Babylonian rule ending in 539 BCE, consistent with Belshazzar’s final year as co-regent.
- In his Cyropaedia, Xenophon describes the fall of Babylon and mentions a young king ruling at the time, likely Belshazzar. While he does not specify the length of the reign, his narrative supports the timeline of 539 BCE as the end of Belshazzar’s rule, corroborating other sources that place Belshazzar in power during Nabonidus’ later years.
- Berossus, as cited by later authors like Josephus, describes the final years of Babylonian rule and mentions Belshazzar (under the name ""Nabonnedus’ son"") as ruling when Babylon fell to Cyrus in 539 BCE. While Berossus does not explicitly state the duration of Belshazzar’s rule, his account implies a shorter period of authority under Nabonidus, consistent with the co-regency starting around 553 BCE.
[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p116]"
Begin_Cyrus_1_reign_over_Babylon,Cyrus's reign as king over Babylon begins,"The start of Cyrus the Great’s reign is primarily associated with two distinct contexts: his rule over Persia (as king of Anshan or Persia) and his conquest of Babylon, which marked his dominance over the Babylonian Empire. The most widely accepted years, based on ancient sources, are 559 BCE for his reign over Persia and 539 BCE for his rule over Babylon.",Begin,Cyrus_1,3423,,47,,"The year Cyrus_1's reign began (according to extra-biblical sources) was in 539 BCE, 47 years after the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in 586 (3376 AH + 47) = 3423",,,539,3465,539,934,3390,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
- The Nabonidus Chronicle, a Babylonian cuneiform document, explicitly records the fall of Babylon to Cyrus in the 17th year of Nabonidus’ reign, which corresponds to 539 BCE. It describes Cyrus’ army entering Babylon without a battle in the month of Tishri (October) 539 BCE, after defeating Babylonian forces at Opis.  This is the most precise and authoritative source for dating Cyrus’ conquest to 539 BCE.
- The Cyrus Cylinder, a propagandistic cuneiform document, details Cyrus’ capture of Babylon and his claim to legitimate rule. While it does not provide an exact year, it describes his peaceful entry into Babylon and restoration of temples, aligning with the Nabonidus Chronicle’s account of 539 BCE.
- Cuneiform economic and administrative tablets from Babylon show a transition in dating formulas from Nabonidus’ reign to Cyrus’ reign in 539 BCE. Tablets dated to Nabonidus cease in October 539 BCE, and those dated to “Year 1 of Cyrus, King of Babylon” begin shortly after, confirming the conquest and start of his reign in 539 BCE. These records provide precise chronological evidence.
- The Canon of Ptolemy, a chronological list of kings used for astronomical calculations, records Cyrus as ruler of Babylon starting in 538/539 BCE (following Nabonidus’ 17-year reign). While compiled later, it relies on earlier Babylonian records and aligns with the Nabonidus Chronicle, placing Cyrus’ accession over Babylon in 539 BCE.
- In his Histories (Book 1.178–191), Herodotus describes Cyrus’ conquest of Babylon, including diverting the Euphrates River to enter the city. While he does not provide a specific year, his narrative aligns with the Babylonian timeline of 539 BCE, as it follows Cyrus’ earlier conquests (e.g., Lydia in 546 BCE) and precedes later Persian campaigns. His account supports the general chronology established by Babylonian sources.
- Xenophon’s Cyropaedia (Book 7) recounts Cyrus’ capture of Babylon, describing a nighttime assault during a festival. Like Herodotus, Xenophon does not specify a year, but his narrative is consistent with the 539 BCE conquest described in Babylonian records, reinforcing the timeline.
- Berossus, as cited by later authors like Josephus (Against Apion 1.20), describes Cyrus’ conquest of Babylon after defeating Nabonidus. He does not explicitly state 539 BCE, but his account of Cyrus’ victory and rule over Babylon aligns with the Nabonidus Chronicle’s timeline, supporting the start of Cyrus’ reign in 539 BCE.
[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p116]"
End_Daniel_2_captivity,Daniel's captivity in Babylon ended*,And Daniel continued until the FIRST YEAR of Cyrus the king. (DAN 1:21),End,Daniel_2,3423,,,DAN 1:21,The year Daniel's captivity ended is the first year of Cyrus' reign over Babylon = 3423,Shinar,DAN 1:2,539,3465,539,943,3391,"As a captive of Babylon, Daniel would have only been set free in the first year of Cyrus AFTER Cyrus conqured Babylon.
[Shulman date p146]
[Ussher date p117]"
Cyrus_Decree,Cyrus decreed the Temple in Jerusalem should be rebuilt,"Now in the FIRST YEAR of Cyrus king of Persia, in order to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he sent a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying: ""Thus says Cyrus king of Persia, 'The LORD, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth and He has appointed me to build Him a house in Jerusalem, which is in Judah. (Ezra 1:1-2)",Message,Cyrus_1,3423,,,EZR 1:1,The year of Cyrus's decree is the first year of his reign over Babylon = 3423,,,539,3468,537,949,3390,"Cyrus' decree to free Israel (a conquered nation under Babylonian rule) could only have occurred after Cyrus conquered Babylon.  This was the first year of his rule over Babylon.
[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p118]"
Begin_second_Temple_foundation,Second Temple foundation laid,"Now in the SECOND YEAR of their coming to the house of God at Jerusalem in the second month, Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel and Jeshua the son of Jozadak and the rest of their brothers the priests and the Levites, and all who came from the captivity to Jerusalem, began the work and appointed the Levites from twenty years and older to oversee the work of the house of the LORD. Then Jeshua with his sons and brothers stood united with Kadmiel and his sons, the sons of Judah and the sons of Henadad with their sons and brothers the Levites, to oversee the workmen in the temple of God. Now when the builders had laid the foundation of the temple of the LORD, the priests stood in their apparel with trumpets, and the Levites, the sons of Asaph, with cymbals, to praise the LORD according to the directions of King David of Israel. (Ezra 3:8-10)",Begin,Zerubbabel_2,3425,,2,EZR 3:8,The year the Second Temple foundation work began was in year 2 after Cyrus' decree (3423 + 2) = 3425,Jerusalem,EZR 3:8,537,3469,535,954,3408,"[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p118]"
End_Cyrus_1_reign,Cyrus's reign as king over Babylon ends,Cyrus' reign over Babylon ended after nine years.,End,Cyrus_1,3432,,9,,The year Cyrus's reign over Babylon ended is the year his reign over Babylon began (3423) + the length of his reign (9) = 3432 (530 BCE),,,530,3475,529,960,3392,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
Herodotus (Histories 1.201–214) provides the primary account, describing Cyrus’ death in a campaign against the Massagetae, dated to around 530 BCE based on his 29-year reign (559–530 BCE). Xenophon offers a different account, suggesting a peaceful death, but agrees on the approximate timeframe. Ptolemy’s Canon and Babylonian records confirm Cambyses’ accession in 530 BCE.
[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p119]"
End_Cyrus_1_reign_over_Persia,Cyrus's reign as king over Persia ends,Cyrus' reign over Persia ended after twenty-six years.,End,Cyrus_1,3432,,29,,The year Cyrus's reign over Persia ended is the year his reign over Persia began (3403) + the length of his reign (29) = 3432 (530 BCE),,,530,3475,529,960,3392,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
Herodotus (Histories 1.201–214) provides the primary account, describing Cyrus’ death in a campaign against the Massagetae, dated to around 530 BCE based on his 29-year reign (559–530 BCE). Xenophon offers a different account, suggesting a peaceful death, but agrees on the approximate timeframe. Ptolemy’s Canon and Babylonian records confirm Cambyses’ accession in 530 BCE.
[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p119]"
Begin_Darius_1_reign,Darius's reign as king over Persia begins,"Darius' reign as king began eight years after Cyrus' reign ended.  Cambyses reigned for the eight-year period between Cyrus and Darius ""the Great"".",Begin,Darius_1,3440,,8,,The year Darius's reign began is 8 years after Cyrus' reign ended (3432 + 8 [the time of the reign of Cambyses]) = 3440,,,522,3483,521,1010,3406,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
- The Behistun Inscription, a monumental rock relief and trilingual cuneiform inscription, commissioned by Darius I, details his rise to power. It describes how Darius, a Persian noble, overthrew Gaumata (a Magian usurper claiming to be Bardiya, son of Cyrus) in 522 BCE, thus becoming king.
- The Babylonian Contract Tablets, economic and administrative tablets from Babylon record transactions dated by regnal years of Persian kings. Tablets dated to “Year 1 of Darius” begin in late 522 BCE, after those dated to Bardiya (March–September 522 BCE).
- The Canon of Ptolemy, a chronological list of kings used for astronomical calculations, lists Darius I as succeeding Cambyses II and Bardiya, with his reign beginning in 522/521 BCE.
- In his Histories (Book 3.61–88), Herodotus narrates Darius’ rise to power, describing how he and six Persian nobles conspired to overthrow the usurper “Smerdis” (Gaumata, posing as Bardiya) in 522 BCE.
- In his Persica, Ctesias offers an alternative account of Persian history, preserved in fragments by later authors like Photius. He mentions Darius’ rise after Cambyses but includes less reliable details.
[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p125]"
Temple_reconstruction_stopped,Temple reconstruction is stopped,"Now in the reign of Ahasuerus [Darius], in the beginning of his reign, they wrote an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem. (EZR 4:6)
“So, now issue a decree to make these men stop work, that this city may not be rebuilt until a decree is issued by me."" (EZR 4:21)",End,Darius_1,3440,,,,The year Darius stopped construction of the Temple was 'in the beginning' of his reign (in the first year) = 3440,,,522,3483,522,1003,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
""In the beginning"" of his reign was in the first year.
[Ussher date p124]"
Gabriel_message_to_Daniel,Gabriel's message to Daniel,"In the FIRST YEAR of Darius the son of Ahasuerus, of Median descent, who was made king over the kingdom of the Chaldeans-- in the first year of his reign, I, Daniel, observed in the books the number of the years which was revealed as the word of the LORD to Jeremiah the prophet for the completion of the desolations of Jerusalem, namely, seventy years. (DAN 9:1-2)",Message,Daniel_2,3440,,,,The year of Gabriel's message to Daniel is the first year of Darius' reign = 3440,,,522,,,,,"This was Darius WHOSE SON WAS Ahasuerus (rather than the ""son of"" Ahasuerus), i.e., Darius I rather than Darius II.  For this to be Darius II, Daniel would be over 200 years old."
Darius_Decree,Darius decreed construction of the Temple can continue,"Then King Darius issued a decree, and search was made in the archives, where the treasures were stored in Babylon. (EZR 6:1) “May the God who has caused His name to dwell there overthrow any king or people who attempts to change it, so as to destroy this house of God in Jerusalem.  I, Darius, have issued this decree, let it be carried out with all diligence!” (EZR 6:12)",Message,Darius_1,3442,,2,"EZR 6:1, 12",The year of Darius' decree is the year his reign began (3440) + the years of his reign that had elapsed (2) = 3442,,,520,3485,519,1024,3407,"See also Ezra 6:1-12 and Zechariah chapter 1.
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p127]"
Begin_Haggai_1_prophesying,Haggai's time as prophet begins,"In the SECOND YEAR of Darius the king, on the first day of the sixth month, the word of the LORD came by the prophet Haggai to Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and to Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, saying, ""Thus says the LORD of hosts, 'This people says, ""The time has not come, even the time for the house of the LORD to be rebuilt.""'"" (HAG 1:1-2)",Begin,Haggai_1,3442,,2,HAG 1:1,The year Haggai's time as prophet begins is the year Darius' reign began (3440) + the years of his reign that had elapsed (2) = 3442,,,520,3484,520,1016,3407,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p126]"
The_Word_to_Haggai,The Word to Haggai,"In the SECOND YEAR of Darius the king, on the first day of the sixth month, the word of the LORD came by the prophet Haggai to Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and to Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, saying, ""Thus says the LORD of hosts, 'This people says, ""The time has not come, even the time for the house of the LORD to be rebuilt.""'"" (HAG 1:1-2)",Prophesy,Haggai_1,3442,,2,HAG 1:1,The year of Haggai's prophecy is the year Darius' reign began (3440) + the years of his reign that had elapsed (2) = 3442,,,520,3484,520,1016,3407,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p126]"
Resume_second_Temple_construction,Second Temple construction resumes,"On the twenty-first of the seventh month, the word of the LORD came by Haggai the prophet saying, ""Speak now to Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and to Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and to the remnant of the people saying, 'Who is left among you who saw this temple in its former glory? And how do you see it now? Does it not seem to you like nothing in comparison? 'But now take courage, Zerubbabel,' declares the LORD, 'take courage also, Joshua son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and all you people of the land take courage,' declares the LORD, 'and work; for I am with you,' declares the LORD of hosts. (HAG 2:1-4)",Begin,,3442,,2,HAG 2:1,The year the second Temple's construction resumed is the year Darius' reign began (3440) + the years of his reign that had elapsed (2) = 3442,,,520,3485,520,1019,,[Ussher date p126]
The_Word_to_Zechariah,The Word to Zechariah,"In the eighth month of the SECOND YEAR of Darius, the word of the LORD came to Zechariah the prophet, the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo saying... (ZEC 1:1)",Prophesy,Zechariah_13,3442,,2,ZEC 1:1,The year of Zechariah's prophecy is the year Darius' reign began (3440) + the years of his reign that had elapsed (2) = 3442,,,520,3485,519,1023,3408,"Zechariah prophesies 2 years: 520-519 BCE
[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p127]"
Begin_Zechariah_13_prophesying,Zechariah's time as prophet begins,"In the eighth month of the SECOND YEAR of Darius, the word of the LORD came to Zechariah the prophet, the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo saying, “The LORD was very aangry with your fathers. Therefore say to them, ‘Thus says the LORD of hosts, “Return to Me,” declares the LORD of hosts, “that I may return to you,” says the LORD of hosts. (ZEC 1:1-3)",Begin,Zechariah_13,3442,,2,ZEC 1:1,The year Zechariah's time as prophet begins is the year Darius' reign began (3440) + the years of his reign that had elapsed (2) = 3442,,,520,3485,520,1018,3408,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p126]"
End_Zechariah_13_prophesying,Zechariah's time as prophet ends,"In the fourth year of King Darius, the word of the LORD came to Zechariah on the fourth day of the ninth month, which is Chislev. (ZEC 7:1)",End,Zechariah_13,3444,,4,ZEH 7:1,The estimated year Zechariah's time as prophet begins is the year Darius' reign began (3440) + the years of his reign that had elapsed (4) = 3444,,,518,,,,3410,[Shulman date p83]
End_Haggai_1_prophesying,Haggai's time as prophet ends*,"Then the word of the LORD came a second time to Haggai on the twenty-fourth day of the month, saying, (HAG 2:20)",End,Haggai_1,3444,,2,,The estimated year Haggai's time as prophet ends is 2 years after it began (3442 + 2) = 3444,,,518,,,,,"*HYPOTHESIS:
Haggai's time as prophet ended two years after it began and two years before the Temple was rebuilt."
End_second_Temple_construction,Second Temple construction complete,This temple was completed on the third day of the month Adar; it was the SIXTH YEAR of the reign of King Darius. (EZR 6:15),End,,3446,,6,EZR 6:5,The year the second Temple's construction resumed is the year Darius' reign began (3440) + the years of his reign that had elapsed (6) = 3446,,,516,3489,515,1033,,[Ussher date p128]
End_seventy_year_exile_in_Babylon,Judah's seventy-year exile in Babylon ended,"For thus says the LORD, ‘When SEVENTY YEARS have been completed for Babylon, I will visit you and fulfill My good word to you, to bring you back to this place. (JER 29:10)",End,,3446,,70,JER 29:10,The year the Babylonian captivity ended was the year the captivity began (3376) + its duration (70) = 3446,,,516,3487,518,1031,3408,"[Shulman date p83 and p143]
[Ussher date p128]"
Nehemiah_first_return,Nehemiah's first return to Jerusalem,"The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah. Now it happened in the month Chislev, in the TWENTIETH YEAR, while I was in Susa the capitol, that Hanani, one of my brothers, and some men from Judah came; and I asked them concerning the Jews who had escaped and had survived the captivity, and about Jerusalem. (NEH 1:1)  So I came to Jerusalem and was there three days. (Nehemiah 2:11)",Travel,Nehemiah_1,3460,,20,NEH 1:1,The year of Nehemia's first trip to Jerusalem is the year Darius' reign began (3440) + the years of his reign that had elapsed (20) = 3460,,,502,,,,,
Jubilee_18,Jubilee #18,Jubilee #18,Jubilee,,3469,,50,,The year of Jubilee #18 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3419) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3469,,,493,3442,563,889,,[Ussher date p110]
Nehemiah_second_return,Nehemiah's second return to Jerusalem,"But during all this time I was not in Jerusalem, for in the THIRTY-SECOND year of Artaxerxes [Darius] king of Babylon I had gone to the king. After some time, however, I asked leave from the king, and I came to Jerusalem and learned about the evil that Eliashib had done for Tobiah, by preparing a room for him in the courts of the house of God. (NEH 13:6-7)",Travel,Nehemiah_1,3472,,32,NEH 13:6,The year of Nehemia's second trip to Jerusalem is the year Darius' reign began (3440) + the years of his reign that had elapsed (32) = 3472,,,490,,,,,
Begin_Malachi_1_prophesying,Malachi's time as prophet begins*,The oracle of the word of the LORD to Israel through Malachi. (MAL 1:1),Begin,Malachi_1,3472,,,,The estimated year Malachi's time as prophet begins is the year Nehemiah's second trip to Jerusalem occurred = 3472,,,490,3589,416,1306,3425,"[Shulman date p83]
[Ussher date p160]  Malachi, the last of the prophets, was contemporary with Nehemiah. This we gather from the following. He nowhere exhorts the people to build the temple as Haggai and Zechariah did.  Since the Temple was now built, he reproved those disorders among the Jews which Nehemiah at his second return with a new commission did also. These are, the marriage with foreign women, Mal 2:11 withholding of tithes, Mal 3:8 and abuses in the worship of God. Mal 1:13 2:8."
End_Darius_1_reign,Darius's reign as king over Persia ends,"Darius died in October 486 BCE, likely of natural causes, after planning a second invasion of Greece. His son, Xerxes I, succeeded him.",End,Darius_1,3476,,36,,The year Darius's reign ended is the his reign began (3440) + the length of his reign (36) = 3476,,,486,,,,,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
- The Behistun Inscription, a monumental rock relief and trilingual cuneiform inscription, commissioned by Darius I, details his rise to power. It describes how Darius, a Persian noble, overthrew Gaumata (a Magian usurper claiming to be Bardiya, son of Cyrus) in 522 BCE, thus becoming king.
- The Babylonian Contract Tablets, economic and administrative tablets from Babylon record transactions dated by regnal years of Persian kings. Tablets dated to “Year 1 of Darius” begin in late 522 BCE, after those dated to Bardiya (March–September 522 BCE).
- The Canon of Ptolemy, a chronological list of kings used for astronomical calculations, lists Darius I as succeeding Cambyses II and Bardiya, with his reign beginning in 522/521 BCE.
- In his Histories (Book 3.61–88), Herodotus narrates Darius’ rise to power, describing how he and six Persian nobles conspired to overthrow the usurper “Smerdis” (Gaumata, posing as Bardiya) in 522 BCE.
- In his Persica, Ctesias offers an alternative account of Persian history, preserved in fragments by later authors like Photius. He mentions Darius’ rise after Cambyses but includes less reliable details."
Begin_Ahasuerus_1_reign,Ahasuerus's (Xerxes') reign as king over Persia begins,"The son of Darius, Xerxes I, succeeded him.",Begin,Ahasuerus_1,3476,,,,The year Ahasuerus's reign began is the year Darius' reign ended = 3476,,,486,3475,529,965,3392,"Most scholars identify Ahasuerus in Esther with Xerxes I (486–465 BCE). The description of his vast empire (127 provinces in EST 1:1) and opulent court aligns with Herodotus’ portrayal of Xerxes’ wealth and campaigns (Histories 7–9). The Greek form of Xerxes (Xerxes) matches the Hebrew Achashverosh via the Old Persian Xšayārša.  The account of the book of Esther, with its Persian court intrigue and reference to Susa (Shushan), fits Xerxes I’s reign.  No ancient sources explicitly name Xerxes as Ahasuerus, but the linguistic and historical fit is strong. The absence of precise dates in Esther allows flexibility, but Xerxes I is the consensus.  Xerxes I preceded Artaxerxes I, his son. Thus, Ahasuerus (Xerxes I) in Esther is not the same person as Artaxerxes in Ezra or Nehemiah.

EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
Babylonian contract tablets dated to Darius I’s reign (522–486 BCE) cease in late 486 BCE (around October/November), and tablets dated to “Year 1 of Xerxes, King of Persia and Media” begin shortly thereafter, marking his accession in late 486 BCE. The transition is seamless, indicating Xerxes’ immediate recognition as king.
[Shulman date p143]
[Ussher date p119]"
Vashti_banished,Vashti banished,"Now it took place in the days of Ahasuerus, the Ahasuerus who reigned from India to Ethiopia over 127 provinces, in those days as King Ahasuerus sat on his royal throne which was at the citadel in Susa, in the THIRD YEAR of his reign he gave a banquet for all his princes and attendants, the army officers of Persia and Media, the nobles and the princes of his provinces being in his presence. (EST 1:1-3)",Travel,Vashti_1,3479,,3,,The year Vashti was banished was the year Ahasuerus' reign began (3476) + 3 years = 3479,,,483,3486,518,1028,3394,"Xerxes’ preparations for the Second Persian Invasion of Greece (480–479 BCE) dominate his early reign:
- 484–483 BCE: Planning and mobilization, including the council in 483 BCE (Herodotus 7.8).
- 480 BCE: Invasion, with battles at Thermopylae and Salamis (Herodotus 7–8).
- 479 BCE: Defeat at Plataea and Mycale, followed by Xerxes’ return to Persia (Herodotus 9).

The banquet in Esther 1 (483 BCE) likely served to consolidate support for the invasion, and Vashti’s banishment occurred during this period of heightened court activity.
[Shulman date p149]
[Ussher date p127]"
Esther_chosen_as_queen,Esther chosen as queen,"So Esther was taken to King Ahasuerus to his royal palace in the tenth month which is the month Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign. The king loved Esther more than all the women, and she found favor and kindness with him more than all the virgins, so that he set the royal crown on her head and made her queen instead of Vashti. (EST 2:16-17)",Begin,Hadassah_1,3483,,7,,The year Hadassah (Esther) was made queen was the year Ahasuerus' reign began (3476) + 7 years = 3483,,,479,3490,514,1036,3399,"Esther’s selection in 479 BCE (Esther 2:16) follows Xerxes’ return to Susa after the Greek campaign’s failure, a time when he might seek a new queen to restore court stability.
[Shulman date p149]
[Ussher date p128]"
End_Malachi_1_prophesying,Malachi's time as prophet ends*,Malachi's time as prophet ends,End,Malachi_1,3485,,13,,The estimated year Malachi's time as prophet ends is the year his time as prophet began (3472) + 13 years = 3485,,,477,,,,3438,[Shulman date p83]
Ahasuerus_married_Esther,King Ahasuerus married Esther,"So Esther was taken to King Ahasuerus to his royal palace in the tenth month which is the month Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign. The king loved Esther more than all the women, and she found favor and kindness with him more than all the virgins, so that he set the royal crown on her head and made her queen instead of Vashti. (EST 2:16-17)",Marriage,Hadassah_1,3486,,7,,The year Ahasuerus_1 married Hadassah_1 (Esther) and made her queen was the year Ahasuerus' reign began (3476) + 7 years = 3483,,,,,,,,
Purim_deliverance,Purim: Israel's deliverance,"In the first month, which is the month Nisan, in the twelfth year of King Ahasuerus, Pur, that is the lot, was cast before Haman from day to day and from month to month, until the twelfth month, that is the month Adar. (EST 3:7)",Unique,Hadassah_1,3488,,12,,The year of Esther's Purim deliverance was the year Ahasuerus' reign began (3476) + 12 years = 3488,,,474,3495,509,1047,3404,"[Shulman date p149]
[Ussher date p127]"
End_Ahasuerus_1_reign,Ahasuerus's (Xerxes') reign as king over Persia ends,Xerxes I reigned for twenty-one years.,End,Ahasuerus_1,3497,,21,,The year Ahasuerus's reign ended is the year his reign began (3476)  + the length of his reign (21) years = 3497,,,465,,,,3406,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
- Babylonian contract tablets dated to “Year 21 of Xerxes” appear until mid-465 BCE (around August), after which tablets dated to “Year 1 of Artaxerxes” begin, indicating Xerxes’ death in the summer of 465 BCE. Some tablets note a brief period of instability, possibly due to the assassination.
- Ptolemy’s Canon lists Xerxes I’s reign as 21 years, ending in 465 BCE, with Artaxerxes I succeeding him.
- Herodotus’ Histories does not explicitly describe Xerxes’ death, as his account focuses on the Greek wars (480–479 BCE) and ended before 465 BCE.
- In his Persica, preserved in fragments by later authors like Photius, Ctesias describes Xerxes’ assassination by a courtier, Artabanus, in a palace conspiracy.
- In his Library of History (Book 11.69), Diodorus provides a later account of Xerxes’ assassination, attributing it to Artabanus, who briefly usurped power before Artaxerxes I’s rise.
- The Persepolis Fortification and Treasury Tablets are administrative records continue under Xerxes until his death until mid-465 BCE, after which Artaxerxes I’s tablets begin.  This transition supports Xerxes’ death in 465 BCE.
[Shulman date p143]"
Begin_Artaxerxes_1_reign,Artaxerxes's reign as king over Persia begins,"The son of Xerxes I, Artaxerxes, succeeded him.",Begin,Artaxerxes_1,3497,,,,"The year Artaxerxes's reign began is the year his father's, Ahasuerus' (Xerxes'), reign reign ended = 3497",,,465,,,,3406,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
- Babylonian contract tablets dated to “Year 21 of Xerxes” appear until mid-465 BCE (around August), after which tablets dated to “Year 1 of Artaxerxes” begin, indicating Xerxes’ death in the summer of 465 BCE. Some tablets note a brief period of instability, possibly due to the assassination.
- Ptolemy’s Canon lists Xerxes I’s reign as 21 years, ending in 465 BCE, with Artaxerxes I succeeding him.
- In his Library of History (Book 11.69), Diodorus provides a later account of Xerxes’ assassination, attributing it to Artabanus, who briefly usurped power before Artaxerxes I’s rise.
- The Persepolis Fortification and Treasury Tablets are administrative records continue under Xerxes until his death until mid-465 BCE, after which Artaxerxes I’s tablets begin.  This transition supports Xerxes’ death in 465 BCE.
[Shulman date p149]"
Jubilee_19,Jubilee #19,Jubilee #19,Jubilee,,3519,,50,,The year of Jubilee #19 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3469) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3519,,,443,3491,514,1038,,[Ussher date p128]
End_Artaxerxes_1_reign,Artaxerxes's reign as king over Persia ends,Artaxerxes I reigned 41 years.,End,Artaxerxes_1,3538,,41,,The year Artaxerxes's reign ended is the year his reign began (3497) + the length of his reign (41) = 3538,,,424,,,,,"*EXTRA-BIBLICAL SOURCES:
- Babylonian contract tablets dated to “Year 41 of Artaxerxes” appear until late 424 BCE (around December), after which a brief period of tablets dated to “Year 1 of Xerxes II” (Artaxerxes I’s son) and “Sogdianus” (a rival) emerges, followed by “Year 1 of Darius II” in early 423 BCE. This indicates Artaxerxes I’s death in late 424 BCE, with a short succession crisis.
- Ptolemy’s Canon lists Artaxerxes I’s reign as 41 years, ending in 424 BCE, with Darius II succeeding him.
- In his Persica, Ctesias describes Artaxerxes I’s death and the subsequent succession struggle involving Xerxes II, Sogdianus, and Darius II (Ochus).
- In his Library of History (Book 12.71), Diodorus recounts Artaxerxes I’s death and the brief reigns of Xerxes II and Sogdianus before Darius II’s accession.
- The Elephantine Papyri continue to use Artaxerxes I’s regnal years until his death.
- 
Persepolis Treasury Tablets dated to Artaxerxes I’s reign continue until late 424 BCE, with a transition to Darius II’s records in 423 BCE, supporting Artaxerxes’ death in 424 BCE."
Jubilee_20,Jubilee #20,Jubilee #20,Jubilee,,3569,,50,,The year of Jubilee #20 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3519) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3569,,,393,3540,465,1213,,[Ussher date p151]
Jubilee_21,Jubilee #21,Jubilee #21,Jubilee,,3619,,50,,The year of Jubilee #21 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3569) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3619,,,343,,,,,
Jubilee_22,Jubilee #22,Jubilee #22,Jubilee,,3669,,50,,The year of Jubilee #22 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3619) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3669,,,293,,,,,
Jubilee_23,Jubilee #23,Jubilee #23,Jubilee,,3719,,50,,The year of Jubilee #23 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3669) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3719,,,243,,,,,
Jubilee_24,Jubilee #24,Jubilee #24,Jubilee,,3769,,50,,The year of Jubilee #24 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3719) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3769,,,193,,,,,
Jubilee_25,Jubilee #25,Jubilee #25,Jubilee,,3819,,50,,The year of Jubilee #25 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3769) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3819,,,143,,,,,
Jubilee_26,Jubilee #26,Jubilee #26,Jubilee,,3869,,50,,The year of Jubilee #26 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3819) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3869,,,93,,,,,
Jubilee_27,Jubilee #27,Jubilee #27,Jubilee,,3919,,50,,The year of Jubilee #27 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3869) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3919,,,43,,,,,
Jubilee_28,Jubilee #28,Jubilee #28,Jubilee,,3969,,50,,The year of Jubilee #28 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3919) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 3969,,,8,,,,,
Jubilee_29,Jubilee #29,Jubilee #29,Jubilee,,4019,,50,,The year of Jubilee #29 is the year of the previous Jubilee (3969) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4019,,,58,,,,,
Jubilee_30,Jubilee #30,Jubilee #30,Jubilee,,4069,,50,,The year of Jubilee #30 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4019) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4069,,,108,,,,,
Jubilee_31,Jubilee #31,Jubilee #31,Jubilee,,4119,,50,,The year of Jubilee #31 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4069) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4119,,,158,,,,,
Jubilee_32,Jubilee #32,Jubilee #32,Jubilee,,4169,,50,,The year of Jubilee #32 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4119) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4169,,,208,,,,,
Jubilee_33,Jubilee #33,Jubilee #33,Jubilee,,4219,,50,,The year of Jubilee #33 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4169) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4219,,,258,,,,,
Jubilee_34,Jubilee #34,Jubilee #34,Jubilee,,4269,,50,,The year of Jubilee #34 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4219) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4269,,,308,,,,,
Jubilee_35,Jubilee #35,Jubilee #35,Jubilee,,4319,,50,,The year of Jubilee #35 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4269) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4319,,,358,,,,,
Jubilee_36,Jubilee #36,Jubilee #36,Jubilee,,4369,,50,,The year of Jubilee #36 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4319) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4369,,,408,,,,,
Jubilee_37,Jubilee #37,Jubilee #37,Jubilee,,4419,,50,,The year of Jubilee #37 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4369) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4419,,,458,,,,,
Jubilee_38,Jubilee #38,Jubilee #38,Jubilee,,4469,,50,,The year of Jubilee #38 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4419) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4469,,,508,,,,,
Jubilee_39,Jubilee #39,Jubilee #39,Jubilee,,4519,,50,,The year of Jubilee #39 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4469) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4519,,,558,,,,,
Jubilee_40,Jubilee #40,Jubilee #40,Jubilee,,4569,,50,,The year of Jubilee #40 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4519) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4569,,,608,,,,,
Jubilee_41,Jubilee #41,Jubilee #41,Jubilee,,4619,,50,,The year of Jubilee #41 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4569) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4619,,,658,,,,,
Jubilee_42,Jubilee #42,Jubilee #42,Jubilee,,4669,,50,,The year of Jubilee #42 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4619) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4669,,,708,,,,,
Jubilee_43,Jubilee #43,Jubilee #43,Jubilee,,4719,,50,,The year of Jubilee #43 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4669) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4719,,,758,,,,,
Jubilee_44,Jubilee #44,Jubilee #44,Jubilee,,4769,,50,,The year of Jubilee #44 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4719) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4769,,,808,,,,,
Jubilee_45,Jubilee #45,Jubilee #45,Jubilee,,4819,,50,,The year of Jubilee #45 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4769) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4819,,,858,,,,,
Jubilee_46,Jubilee #46,Jubilee #46,Jubilee,,4869,,50,,The year of Jubilee #46 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4819) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4869,,,908,,,,,
Jubilee_47,Jubilee #47,Jubilee #47,Jubilee,,4919,,50,,The year of Jubilee #47 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4869) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4919,,,958,,,,,
Jubilee_48,Jubilee #48,Jubilee #48,Jubilee,,4969,,50,,The year of Jubilee #48 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4919) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 4969,,,1008,,,,,
Jubilee_49,Jubilee #49,Jubilee #49,Jubilee,,5019,,50,,The year of Jubilee #49 is the year of the previous Jubilee (4969) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5019,,,1058,,,,,
Jubilee_50,Jubilee #50,Jubilee #50,Jubilee,,5069,,50,,The year of Jubilee #50 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5019) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5069,,,1108,,,,,
Jubilee_51,Jubilee #51,Jubilee #51,Jubilee,,5119,,50,,The year of Jubilee #51 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5069) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5119,,,1158,,,,,
Jubilee_52,Jubilee #52,Jubilee #52,Jubilee,,5169,,50,,The year of Jubilee #52 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5119) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5169,,,1208,,,,,
Jubilee_53,Jubilee #53,Jubilee #53,Jubilee,,5219,,50,,The year of Jubilee #53 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5169) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5219,,,1258,,,,,
Jubilee_54,Jubilee #54,Jubilee #54,Jubilee,,5269,,50,,The year of Jubilee #54 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5219) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5269,,,1308,,,,,
Jubilee_55,Jubilee #55,Jubilee #55,Jubilee,,5319,,50,,The year of Jubilee #55 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5269) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5319,,,1358,,,,,
Jubilee_56,Jubilee #56,Jubilee #56,Jubilee,,5369,,50,,The year of Jubilee #56 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5319) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5369,,,1408,,,,,
Jubilee_57,Jubilee #57,Jubilee #57,Jubilee,,5419,,50,,The year of Jubilee #57 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5369) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5419,,,1458,,,,,
Jubilee_58,Jubilee #58,Jubilee #58,Jubilee,,5469,,50,,The year of Jubilee #58 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5419) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5469,,,1508,,,,,
Jubilee_59,Jubilee #59,Jubilee #59,Jubilee,,5519,,50,,The year of Jubilee #59 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5469) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5519,,,1558,,,,,
Jubilee_60,Jubilee #60,Jubilee #60,Jubilee,,5569,,50,,The year of Jubilee #60 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5519) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5569,,,1608,,,,,
Jubilee_61,Jubilee #61,Jubilee #61,Jubilee,,5619,,50,,The year of Jubilee #61 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5569) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5619,,,1658,,,,,
Jubilee_62,Jubilee #62,Jubilee #62,Jubilee,,5669,,50,,The year of Jubilee #62 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5619) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5669,,,1708,,,,,
Jubilee_63,Jubilee #63,Jubilee #63,Jubilee,,5719,,50,,The year of Jubilee #63 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5669) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5719,,,1758,,,,,
Jubilee_64,Jubilee #64,Jubilee #64,Jubilee,,5769,,50,,The year of Jubilee #64 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5719) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5769,,,1808,,,,,
Jubilee_65,Jubilee #65,Jubilee #65,Jubilee,,5819,,50,,The year of Jubilee #65 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5769) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5819,,,1858,,,,,
Jubilee_66,Jubilee #66,Jubilee #66,Jubilee,,5869,,50,,The year of Jubilee #66 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5819) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5869,,,1908,,,,,
Jubilee_67,Jubilee #67,Jubilee #67,Jubilee,,5919,,50,,The year of Jubilee #67 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5869) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5919,,,1958,,,,,
Jubilee_68,Jubilee #68,Jubilee #68,Jubilee,,5969,,50,,The year of Jubilee #68 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5919) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 5969,,,2008,,,,,
Jubilee_69,Jubilee #69,Jubilee #69,Jubilee,,6019,,50,,The year of Jubilee #69 is the year of the previous Jubilee (5969) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 6019,,,2058,,,,,
Jubilee_70,Jubilee #70,Jubilee #70,Jubilee,,6069,,50,,The year of Jubilee #70 is the year of the previous Jubilee (6019) + a Jubilee period of years (50) = 6069,,,2108,,,,,