{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-21791",
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.766Z",
        "datePublished": "2025-02-27T02:18:29.014Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:06:34.107Z"
    },
    "containers": {
        "cna": {
            "providerMetadata": {
                "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
                "shortName": "Linux",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:06:34.107Z"
            },
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nvrf: use RCU protection in l3mdev_l3_out()\n\nl3mdev_l3_out() can be called without RCU being held:\n\nraw_sendmsg()\n ip_push_pending_frames()\n  ip_send_skb()\n   ip_local_out()\n    __ip_local_out()\n     l3mdev_ip_out()\n\nAdd rcu_read_lock() / rcu_read_unlock() pair to avoid\na potential UAF."
                }
            ],
            "affected": [
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "include/net/l3mdev.h"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539",
                            "lessThan": "6ccaa5797f5362a2aad6baa6ddaf4715ac2dd51e",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539",
                            "lessThan": "20a3489b396764cc9376e32a9172bee26a89dc3b",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539",
                            "lessThan": "5bb4228c32261d06e4fbece37ec3828bcc005b6b",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539",
                            "lessThan": "c7574740be8ce68a57d0aece24987b9be2114c3c",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539",
                            "lessThan": "c40cb5c03e37552d6eff963187109e2c3f78ef6f",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539",
                            "lessThan": "022cac1c693add610ae76ede03adf4d9d5a2cf21",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539",
                            "lessThan": "7b81425b517accefd46bee854d94954f5c57e019",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539",
                            "lessThan": "6d0ce46a93135d96b7fa075a94a88fe0da8e8773",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "affected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "include/net/l3mdev.h"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "4.9",
                            "status": "affected"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0",
                            "lessThan": "4.9",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.4.291",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.10.235",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.15.179",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.1.129",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.6.79",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.12.16",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.13.4",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.14",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "cpeApplicability": [
                {
                    "nodes": [
                        {
                            "operator": "OR",
                            "negate": false,
                            "cpeMatch": [
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.291"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.235"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.179"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.129"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.79"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.16"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.4"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.14"
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "references": [
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ccaa5797f5362a2aad6baa6ddaf4715ac2dd51e"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20a3489b396764cc9376e32a9172bee26a89dc3b"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5bb4228c32261d06e4fbece37ec3828bcc005b6b"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c7574740be8ce68a57d0aece24987b9be2114c3c"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c40cb5c03e37552d6eff963187109e2c3f78ef6f"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/022cac1c693add610ae76ede03adf4d9d5a2cf21"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7b81425b517accefd46bee854d94954f5c57e019"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6d0ce46a93135d96b7fa075a94a88fe0da8e8773"
                }
            ],
            "title": "vrf: use RCU protection in l3mdev_l3_out()",
            "x_generator": {
                "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
            }
        },
        "adp": [
            {
                "metrics": [
                    {
                        "cvssV3_1": {
                            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                            "version": "3.1",
                            "baseScore": 7.8,
                            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                            "userInteraction": "NONE",
                            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
                        }
                    },
                    {
                        "other": {
                            "type": "ssvc",
                            "content": {
                                "id": "CVE-2025-21791",
                                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                                "options": [
                                    {
                                        "Exploitation": "none"
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "Automatable": "no"
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "Technical Impact": "total"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "version": "2.0.3",
                                "timestamp": "2025-02-27T17:57:16.236835Z"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "problemTypes": [
                    {
                        "descriptions": [
                            {
                                "lang": "en",
                                "type": "CWE",
                                "cweId": "CWE-416",
                                "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free"
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment",
                "providerMetadata": {
                    "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
                    "shortName": "CISA-ADP",
                    "dateUpdated": "2025-02-27T18:02:26.723Z"
                }
            },
            {
                "title": "CVE Program Container",
                "references": [
                    {
                        "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html"
                    }
                ],
                "providerMetadata": {
                    "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
                    "shortName": "CVE",
                    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T20:59:34.647Z"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}