{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-22049", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.811Z", "datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:12:08.317Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:21.806Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:21.806Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nLoongArch: Increase ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN up to 16\n\nARCH_DMA_MINALIGN is 1 by default, but some LoongArch-specific devices\n(such as APBDMA) require 16 bytes alignment. When the data buffer length\nis too small, the hardware may make an error writing cacheline. Thus, it\nis dangerous to allocate a small memory buffer for DMA. It's always safe\nto define ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN as L1_CACHE_BYTES but unnecessary (kmalloc()\nneed small memory objects). Therefore, just increase it to 16." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is entered by triggering a DMA transaction on an APBDMA-backed peripheral (I2S/PCM device node, APB slave I/O) from a local syscall/ioctl; no network protocol handler or remote peer data reaches this code. The APBDMA controller drives no network device, so remote or adjacent reach is not defensible.\nAC:L - There is no race and no condition outside the attacker's control — the 16-byte hardware write granule versus the 8-byte `KMALLOC_MIN_SIZE` mismatch is deterministic on every affected transfer, and the attacker can repeat the I/O arbitrarily while heap-spraying to control which slab object sits adjacent to the undersized `kmalloc-8` buffer.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local account suffices — opening the sound/APB peripheral device node and starting a transfer requires no capability check, and on the embedded Loongson-2K systems where APBDMA is present these nodes are routinely accessible to ordinary users. No real root in the initial namespace is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker initiates the DMA transfer directly through their own file descriptor; no victim must mount a filesystem, open a file, or take any other action.\nS:U - The APBDMA engine is programmed by trusted in-kernel driver code and the resulting overrun lands in the kernel's own slab heap, so the corruption stays within the kernel's security authority — no IOMMU, hypervisor, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - In the memory→device direction the 16-byte granule reads past the end of the undersized `kmalloc()` object and transmits adjacent kernel heap contents out to the peripheral, and the resulting heap corruption is a general primitive that can be leveraged to disclose kernel memory.\nI:H - In the device→memory direction the hardware writes up to 15 bytes beyond the allocated object, overwriting neighbouring slab objects with device-supplied data — an out-of-bounds heap write that, combined with groomable `kmalloc-8` neighbours, is exploitable for control-flow-relevant corruption.\nA:H - Silent corruption of adjacent slab objects — including list pointers and object headers of unrelated allocations — reliably leads to slab corruption reports, oopses, and kernel panics, and nothing (no bounce buffer, since LoongArch devices are treated as coherent) prevents it from recurring on every transfer." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "arch/loongarch/include/asm/cache.h" ], "versions": [ { "version": "fa96b57c149061f71a70bd6582d995f6424fbbf4", "lessThan": "f39af67f03b564b763b06e44cb960c10a382d54a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "fa96b57c149061f71a70bd6582d995f6424fbbf4", "lessThan": "279ec25c2df49fba1cd9488f2ddd045d9cb2112e", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "fa96b57c149061f71a70bd6582d995f6424fbbf4", "lessThan": "1d0def2d1658666ec1f32c9495df60e7411e3c82", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "fa96b57c149061f71a70bd6582d995f6424fbbf4", "lessThan": "bfff341cac7c650e6ca8d10503725992f5564d0f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "fa96b57c149061f71a70bd6582d995f6424fbbf4", "lessThan": "8b82aea3666f8f2c78f86148d78aea99c46e0f82", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "fa96b57c149061f71a70bd6582d995f6424fbbf4", "lessThan": "4103cfe9dcb88010ae4911d3ff417457d1b6a720", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "arch/loongarch/include/asm/cache.h" ], "versions": [ { "version": "5.19", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "5.19", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.134", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.87", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.23", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.13.11", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.14.2", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.15", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.134" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.87" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.23" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.11" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.2" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.15" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f39af67f03b564b763b06e44cb960c10a382d54a" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/279ec25c2df49fba1cd9488f2ddd045d9cb2112e" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1d0def2d1658666ec1f32c9495df60e7411e3c82" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bfff341cac7c650e6ca8d10503725992f5564d0f" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b82aea3666f8f2c78f86148d78aea99c46e0f82" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4103cfe9dcb88010ae4911d3ff417457d1b6a720" } ], "title": "LoongArch: Increase ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN up to 16", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [ { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html" } ], "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:41:31.511Z" } } ] } }