{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-40159", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.176Z", "datePublished": "2025-11-12T10:24:36.104Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:08:09.151Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:08:09.151Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxsk: Harden userspace-supplied xdp_desc validation\n\nTurned out certain clearly invalid values passed in xdp_desc from\nuserspace can pass xp_{,un}aligned_validate_desc() and then lead\nto UBs or just invalid frames to be queued for xmit.\n\ndesc->len close to ``U32_MAX`` with a non-zero pool->tx_metadata_len\ncan cause positive integer overflow and wraparound, the same way low\nenough desc->addr with a non-zero pool->tx_metadata_len can cause\nnegative integer overflow. Both scenarios can then pass the\nvalidation successfully.\nThis doesn't happen with valid XSk applications, but can be used\nto perform attacks.\n\nAlways promote desc->len to ``u64`` first to exclude positive\noverflows of it. Use explicit check_{add,sub}_overflow() when\nvalidating desc->addr (which is ``u64`` already).\n\nbloat-o-meter reports a little growth of the code size:\n\nadd/remove: 0/0 grow/shrink: 2/1 up/down: 60/-16 (44)\nFunction old new delta\nxskq_cons_peek_desc 299 330 +31\nxsk_tx_peek_release_desc_batch 973 1002 +29\nxsk_generic_xmit 3148 3132 -16\n\nbut hopefully this doesn't hurt the performance much." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The malicious xdp_desc values are written by a local process into its own mmap'd AF_XDP TX ring and triggered via sendto()/sendmsg(); this is a local syscall interface, not remote network data processing.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls desc->addr, desc->len, desc->options, and pool->tx_metadata_len, so the overflow is triggered deterministically with no race or external condition.\nPR:L - AF_XDP socket creation only requires CAP_NET_RAW in the socket's user namespace, which an unprivileged user obtains via `unshare -Urn`; no real root is needed.\nUI:N - The attacking process performs socket setup, descriptor crafting, and transmission entirely on its own; no other user's interaction is required.\nS:U - The overflow corrupts kernel memory within the same kernel security authority; there is no crossing of a VM/IOMMU/sandbox boundary.\nC:H - The bypassed length validation causes an out-of-bounds read of up to ~4GB from kernel memory adjacent to the umem buffer, which is copied into transmitted skb data — an arbitrary kernel memory disclosure primitive.\nI:H - The invalid len/addr drive get_page() on arbitrary \"struct page\" pointers past the pages array and queue corrupted frames, providing a heap/memory-corruption primitive exploitable beyond a mere crash.\nA:H - Out-of-bounds access to the pages array and refcounting of garbage pointers reliably oops/panics the kernel." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/xdp/xsk_queue.h" ], "versions": [ { "version": "341ac980eab90ac1f6c22ee9f9da83ed9604d899", "lessThan": "1463cd066f32efd56ddfd3ac4e3524200f362980", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "341ac980eab90ac1f6c22ee9f9da83ed9604d899", "lessThan": "5b5fffa7c81e55d8c8edf05ad40d811ec7047e21", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "341ac980eab90ac1f6c22ee9f9da83ed9604d899", "lessThan": "07ca98f906a403637fc5e513a872a50ef1247f3b", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/xdp/xsk_queue.h" ], "versions": [ { "version": "6.8", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "6.8", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.54", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.17.4", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.18", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.54" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.17.4" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1463cd066f32efd56ddfd3ac4e3524200f362980" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5b5fffa7c81e55d8c8edf05ad40d811ec7047e21" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/07ca98f906a403637fc5e513a872a50ef1247f3b" } ], "title": "xsk: Harden userspace-supplied xdp_desc validation", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } } } }