{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2026-17351", "assignerOrgId": "f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "PostgreSQL", "dateReserved": "2026-07-25T02:52:57.350Z", "datePublished": "2026-07-31T16:00:19.103Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-01T03:56:14.973Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007", "shortName": "PostgreSQL", "dateUpdated": "2026-07-31T16:00:19.103Z" }, "title": "pgAdmin 4: AI Assistant read-only transaction bypass via sqlparse/PostgreSQL lexer disagreement (incomplete fix for CVE-2026-12045)", "affected": [ { "vendor": "pgadmin.org", "product": "pgAdmin 4", "repo": "https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4", "modules": [ "AI Assistant", "LLM Tools" ], "programFiles": [ "https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/blob/master/web/pgadmin/llm/tools/database.py" ], "versions": [ { "status": "affected", "version": "9.13", "lessThan": "9.17", "versionType": "custom" } ], "defaultStatus": "unaffected" } ], "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "The fix for CVE-2026-12045 in pgAdmin 4 9.16 required the LLM-supplied query passed to the AI Assistant's execute_sql_query tool to parse, via sqlparse, as exactly one non-transaction-control statement before running it inside a BEGIN TRANSACTION READ ONLY wrapper. sqlparse's string-literal lexing can disagree with PostgreSQL's own parser: under standard_conforming_strings = on (PostgreSQL's default since 9.1), a backslash immediately before a quote is an ordinary character to PostgreSQL, but sqlparse treats it as escaping the quote. A payload such as SELECT '\\';COMMIT;CREATE TABLE pwn(x int);SELECT 1 --' therefore parses as a single SELECT to sqlparse's validator, while PostgreSQL executes it as four statements: the smuggled COMMIT ends the wrapping read-only transaction, and the trailing ROLLBACK becomes a no-op. This reintroduces the same write/RCE bypass CVE-2026-12045 was meant to close, reachable via the same indirect prompt-injection delivery (an attacker plants the payload in any object the AI Assistant may read; the LLM emits it as a tool call).\n\nAn initial candidate fix ran the query with psycopg's execute(..., prepare=True), intending to force PostgreSQL's own Parse step (extended query protocol) to reject multi-statement text regardless of sqlparse's classification. This candidate fix does not work as submitted: psycopg3's PrepareManager silently ignores the prepare argument whenever the connection's prepare_threshold is None, which is pgAdmin's default for every server connection (the per-server \"Prepare threshold\" field is blank unless an administrator explicitly sets it) -- psycopg3 falls back to the simple query protocol, the same multi-statement-capable path the bypass exploits, so the candidate fix closes nothing on any real-world default configuration.\n\nThe corrected fix sets conn.prepare_threshold = 0 directly on the dedicated, single-use read-only connection the AI Assistant tool opens, structurally forcing the extended query protocol independent of any server-level configuration. Verified against a live PostgreSQL 18 instance: the payload executes successfully under the prepare_threshold=None (default) behavior, and is rejected with \"cannot insert multiple commands into a prepared statement\" once prepare_threshold=0 is set on that connection.\n\nThis issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 9.13 before 9.17." } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10192", "tags": [ "issue-tracking" ] }, { "url": "https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/ef76102bcd1cdb544eb9b4ef18d3382f22b76752", "tags": [ "patch" ] }, { "url": "https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/bf4792444446f0e7ab721d23cbd6bfe6afaa7a8b", "tags": [ "related" ] } ], "metrics": [ { "format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "Threat model: identical to CVE-2026-12045 -- indirect prompt injection. An attacker with low-privilege DB write access plants a payload in any object the AI Assistant might read (table row, column value, comment). When a pgAdmin user with a higher-privilege database role (typically superuser or holder of pg_execute_server_program) opens the AI Assistant against that content, the LLM emits the lexer-differential payload as a tool call, which smuggles a COMMIT past the intended read-only guard and can chain to COPY ... TO PROGRAM for OS code execution. Scored identically to the original CVE-2026-12045 record for consistency, since this is the same vulnerability surviving an incomplete fix rather than a functionally different bug: S:C for the confused-deputy pattern (attacker is not the LLM user; third-party DB content steers the user's own LLM session into unauthorised writes)." } ], "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "scope": "CHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "baseScore": 9, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H" } }, { "format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "Same reasoning as the CVSS 3.1 entry and as the original CVE-2026-12045 record: indirect prompt injection, third-party content drives the user's LLM session, COPY ... TO PROGRAM reaches the DB host. VC:H/VI:H/VA:H + SC:H/SI:H/SA:H since RCE on the DB host compromises both pgAdmin's authority and the downstream system. UI:P captures that the user merely uses the AI Assistant normally." } ], "cvssV4_0": { "version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H", "baseScore": 9.4, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL" } } ], "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-89 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')", "cweId": "CWE-89", "type": "CWE" }, { "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-115 Misinterpretation of Input", "cweId": "CWE-115", "type": "CWE" } ] } ], "credits": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "Kai Aizen (SnailSploit)", "type": "finder" }, { "lang": "en", "value": "Kundan Sable ", "type": "remediation developer" }, { "lang": "en", "value": "Ashesh Vashi ", "type": "remediation developer" }, { "lang": "en", "value": "Ashesh Vashi ", "type": "remediation reviewer" } ], "source": { "discovery": "EXTERNAL" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "timestamp": "2026-07-31T00:00:00+00:00", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "total" } ], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3", "id": "CVE-2026-17351" } } } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-01T03:56:14.973Z" } } ] } }