{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2026-63857", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T07:54:57.016Z", "datePublished": "2026-07-19T14:04:46.339Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-21T12:42:41.508Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-21T12:42:41.508Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: airoha: Do not read uninitialized fragment address in airoha_dev_xmit()\n\nThe transmit loop in airoha_dev_xmit() reads fragment address and length\nduring its final iteration, when the loop index equals\nskb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags, at which point the fragment data is\nuninitialized. While these values are never consumed, the read itself is\nunsafe and may trigger a page fault. Fix this by avoiding the fragment\nread on the last iteration.\nAdditionally, move the skb pointer from the first to the last used packet\ndescriptor, so that airoha_qdma_tx_napi_poll() defers freeing the skb\nuntil the final descriptor is processed." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:N - The bug is in netdev TX (`ndo_start_xmit`) on Airoha EN7581 WAN/LAN interfaces; a remote attacker can trigger transmission by sending packets that cause responses, NAT forwarding, or bridged/routed egress without local access.\nAC:L - Any outbound skb traversing this driver hits the defective loop deterministically; an attacker can reliably provoke multi-fragment transmits (scatter/gather is enabled) to also trigger the premature-skb-free UAF without depending on uncontrollable timing or layout.\nPR:N - Exploitation requires only the ability to send network traffic to or through the device's registered netdevs; no local account, capability, or authentication is needed on internet-facing router/CPE deployments.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required beyond normal always-on network traffic handled by the kernel stack.\nS:U - Impact is confined to kernel memory and the host running the Airoha driver; it does not cross a VM/hypervisor or IOMMU security boundary.\nC:H - The final loop iteration performs an out-of-bounds read of uninitialized `skb_frag_t` contents that may contain stale kernel heap data, and the companion skb lifetime bug creates a use-after-free that can be leveraged for arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - Premature freeing of the skb while later TX descriptors still DMA mapped fragment memory is a heap use-after-free that can be exploited for arbitrary kernel writes or code execution, not merely a discarded read.\nA:H - Reading garbage fragment metadata can cause a kernel page fault/oops, and the skb use-after-free can crash or panic the system during subsequent DMA completion or skb reuse." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/net/ethernet/airoha/airoha_eth.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "23020f04932701d5c8363e60756f12b43b8ed752", "lessThan": "dba5f4959653e4c212beb746594952e8645d1115", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "23020f04932701d5c8363e60756f12b43b8ed752", "lessThan": "f670fa4b19ceddc6d215dda4997888ccba9bbc61", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "23020f04932701d5c8363e60756f12b43b8ed752", "lessThan": "d78c8ab7bd84952e053d0c622b7fc1b4ad8a19a3", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "23020f04932701d5c8363e60756f12b43b8ed752", "lessThan": "bde34e84edc8b5571fbde7e941e175a4293ee1eb", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/net/ethernet/airoha/airoha_eth.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "6.11", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "6.11", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.114", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.18.33", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "7.0.10", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "7.1", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.11", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.114" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.11", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.33" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.11", "versionEndExcluding": "7.0.10" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.11", "versionEndExcluding": "7.1" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dba5f4959653e4c212beb746594952e8645d1115" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f670fa4b19ceddc6d215dda4997888ccba9bbc61" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d78c8ab7bd84952e053d0c622b7fc1b4ad8a19a3" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bde34e84edc8b5571fbde7e941e175a4293ee1eb" } ], "title": "net: airoha: Do not read uninitialized fragment address in airoha_dev_xmit()", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } } } }