Geospatial Ontology
type: Ontology
version IRI: GeospatialOntology
imports: ExtendedRelationOntology
license: BSD 3-Clause: https://github.com/CommonCoreOntology/CommonCoreOntologies/blob/master/LICENSE
rights: CUBRC Inc., see full license.
comment: This ontology is designed to represent sites, spatial regions, and other entities, especially those that are located near the surface of Earth, as well as the relations that hold between them.
version info: Version 2.0

coincides with
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: connected with
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
definition: x coincides_with y iff x and y are both instances of Immaterial Entity and x is a spatial part of y and y is a spatial part of x.
scope note: Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be transitive and symmetric. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

tangential part of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: spatial part of
inverse of: has tangential part
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
definition: x tangential_part_of y iff x and y are both instances of Immaterial Entity and x is a spatial part of y and there exists an instance of Immaterial Entity z such that z externally connects with x and z externally connects with y.
scope note: Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be transitive. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions.
ont00001754: Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

partially overlaps with
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: connected with
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
definition: x partially overlaps with y iff x and y are both instances of Immaterial Entity and x overlaps with y and x is not a spatial part of y and y is not a spatial part of x.
scope note: Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be symmetric. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions.
ont00001754: Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

connected with
type: ObjectProperty
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
definition: x is_connected_with y iff x and y are both instances of Immaterial Entity and there exists an instance of Immaterial Entity z that is part of both x and y.
scope note: Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be symmetric. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

nontangential part of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: spatial part of
inverse of: has nontangential part
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
definition: x nontangential_part_of y iff x and y are both instances of Immaterial Entity and x is a spatial part of y and there does not exist an instance of Immaterial Entity z such that z externally connects with x and z externally connects with y.
scope note: Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be transitive. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions.
ont00001754: Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

disconnected with
type: ObjectProperty
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
definition: x disconnected_with y iff x and y are both instances of Immaterial Entity and there does not exist some immaterial entity z that is part of both x and y.
scope note: Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be symmetric. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

has spatial part
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: BFO_0000178
sub property of: connected with
inverse of: spatial part of
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
definition: y has_spatial_part x iff x, y, z, and q are instances of Immaterial Entity, such that for any z connected with x, z is also connected with y, and q is connected with y but not connected with x.
ont00001754: Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

has tangential part
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has spatial part
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
definition: x has_tangential_part y iff x, y, and z are instances of Immaterial Entity, and x has_spatial_part y, such that z externally connects with both x and y.
scope note: Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be transitive. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions.
ont00001754: Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

externally connects with
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: connected with
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
definition: x externally_connects_with y iff x and y are both instances of Immaterial Entity and x connects with y and x does not overlap y.
scope note: Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be symmetric. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions.
ont00001754: Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

spatial part of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: BFO_0000176
sub property of: connected with
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
comment: in the sense used here, spatial part of is elsewhere referred to as proper spatial part of
definition: x spatial_part_of y iff x, y, z, and q are instances of Immaterial Entity, such that for any z connected with x, z is also connected with y, and q is connected with y but not connected with x.
ont00001754: Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

has nontangential part
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has spatial part
domain: BFO_0000141
range: BFO_0000141
definition: x has_nontangential_part y iff x and y are instances of Immaterial Entity, and x has_spatial_part y, such that there does not exist another instance of an Immaterial Entity which externally connects with both x and y.
scope note: Given a stronger temporal interpretation, this property may be transitive. For more info please refer to https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/tree/master/src/owl/temporal%20extensions.
ont00001754: Randell, D. A., Cui, Z. and Cohn, A. G.: 1992, "A spatial logic based on regions and connection," Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp. 165-176. Available at: https://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_rcc.pdf
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

as WKT
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: ISO 19162:2015
definition: A Data Property that has as its range a string formated according to the Well-known text standardization for geometric objects.
example: Polygon ((10 10, 10 20, 20 20, 20 15, 10 10))
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

has altitude value
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Altitude values typically use kilometers as the Unit of Measurement.
scope note: This data property can be used along with has_latitude_value and has_longitude_value to connect three-dimensional spatial data to a single Information Bearing Entity to specify the location of an entity in a Geospatial Region.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

has longitude value
type: DatatypeProperty
range: decimal
definition: A Data Property that has as its range the longitude value from some Geospatial Location coordinates set expressed in decimal degrees.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

has latitude value
type: DatatypeProperty
range: decimal
definition: A Data Property that has as its range the latitude value from some Geospatial Location coordinates set expressed in decimal degrees.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Minor Axis
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000026
definition: A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that is the longest line segment perpendicular to the Major Axis that connects two points on the edge of an Ellipse.
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Atmospheric Feature
type: Class
subclass of: Geographic Feature
definition: A Geographic Feature that is part of the atmosphere (including the atmosphere itself as a non-proper part) having a relatively stable lifecycle and which has a location that can be distinguished from the surrounding portion of the atmosphere.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Three-Dimensional Path
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000028
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has spatial part
  some values from: Three-Dimensional Position
definition: A Three-Dimensional Spatial Region that encompasses the spatial region through which some Object travels.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Ground Track Point
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000018
definition: A Zero-Dimensional Spatial Region that is an idealized point located on the surface of an Astronomical Body directly below an Object Track Point.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Low Density Residential Area
type: Class
subclass of: Populated place
definition: A Populated Place where houses are on lots of more than one acre.
ont00001754: Anderson et. al. A Land Use and Land Cover Classification System for use with Remote Sensor Data, Geological Survey Professional Paper 964
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Bounding Box Point
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Geospatial Position
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: BFO_0000176
    some values from: Geospatial Region Bounding Box
subclass of: Geospatial Position
definition: A Geospatial Position that is a proper part of some Geospatial Region Bounding Box.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Coordinate System Axis
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000026
definition: A One-Dimensional Spatial Region defined by a Coordinate System for the purpose of identifying the position of entities along one dimension of the Coordinate System's spatial framework.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

z-Axis
type: Class
subclass of: Coordinate System Axis
definition: A Coordinate System Axis designated by the variable 'z'.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Object Track Point
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000018
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: spatial part of
  some values from: Object Track
definition: A Zero-Dimensional Spatial Region that is an idealized point where an Object is or was located during some motion.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Ground Track
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000026
alternative label: Ground Trace
definition: A One-Dimensional Spatial Region defined by the line formed on the surface of an Astronomical Body by projecting an imaginary line from the center of the tracked Object to the center of the Astronomical Body as the Object travels above the surface.
scope note: The Ground Track is the line on the surface of the Earth or other Astronomical Body that is located directly below the Object Track.
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Object Track
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000026
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has spatial part
  some values from: Object Track Point
comment: The exact line of the Object Track may be drawn based on the Center of Mass of the Object or another reference point, such as the location of a transponder beacon or the center of a radar cross-section, depending on the Object being tracked.
definition: A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that consists of the idealized line along which an Object has traversed during some motion.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000142
definition: A Fiat Line that is a boundary of some Geospatial Region.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Subcontinent
type: Class
subclass of: Geospatial Region
definition: A Geospatial Region that is bounded by a large, relatively self-contained landmass forming a subdivision of a Continent.
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Major Axis
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000026
definition: A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that is the longest line segment that connects two points on the edge of an Ellipse.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Semi-Minor Axis
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000026
definition: A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that is equal to half the length of the Minor Axis of an Ellipse.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Populated place
type: Class
subclass of: Anthropogenic Feature
definition: An Anthropogenic Feature at which people live or have lived.
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Continent
type: Class
subclass of: Geospatial Region
definition: A Geospatial Region that is bounded by any of the Earth's main continuous expanses of land.
ont00001754: JC3IEDM version 3.0.2
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Portion of Hydrosphere
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000024
definition: A fiat object part of the combined mass of water found on, under, and above the surface of a natural satellite
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Geospatial Region Bounding Box
type: Class
subclass of: Geospatial Polygon
definition: A Geospatial Polygon that has some Geospatial Region as a non-tangential proper part.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

x-Axis
type: Class
subclass of: Coordinate System Axis
definition: A Coordinate System Axis designated by the variable 'x'.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Geospatial Position
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000147
definition: A Fiat Point that is at or near the surface of the Earth and fixed according to some Geospatial Coordinate Reference System.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Axis of Rotation
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000026
alternative label: Rotational Axis
definition: A One-Dimensional Spatial Region defined by the line around which a spinning body rotates.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Yaw Axis
type: Class
subclass of: Axis of Rotation
alternative label: Vertical Axis
definition: An Axis of Rotation that passes through the center of an object's Mass from the top to the bottom and is perpendicular to the direction of the object's motion. For objects in Orbit, the Yaw Axis passes through the Barycenter of its Orbit.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Park
type: Class
subclass of: Anthropogenic Feature
definition: An Anthropogenic Feature that is a bounded area of land, or water, usually in its natural or semi-natural (landscaped) state and set aside for some purpose, usually to do with recreation or conservation.
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Geospatial Region
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000029
definition: A Site that is at or near the surface of the Earth.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Geospatial Location
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Geospatial Region
  intersection of: Class
    union of: Restriction
      on property: BFO_0000124
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: BFO_0000004
        intersection of: Class
    union of: Restriction
      on property: BFO_0000183
      some values from: BFO_0000015
subclass of: Geospatial Region
definition: A Geospatial Region that is the location of an Independent Continuant (that is not a Spatial Region) or that environs some Process.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

High Density Residential Area
type: Class
subclass of: Populated place
definition: A Populated Place which is characterized by densely contained multiple-unit living structures.
ont00001754: Anderson et. al. A Land Use and Land Cover Classification System for use with Remote Sensor Data, Geological Survey Professional Paper 964
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Hydrographic Feature
type: Class
subclass of: Geographic Feature
definition: A Geographic Feature associated with water.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Environmental Feature
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000040
definition: A Material Entity that is either a natural or man-made feature of the environment.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Sea Level
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000146
definition: A Fiat Surface that divides the spheroid composed of Earth and its atmosphere at some point that corresponds to the mean level of calm water in the Earth’s oceans.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Zenith
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000026
definition: A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that extends from a given location upward along the local vertical direction pointing in the direction opposite the apparent Gravitational Force at that location.
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Portion of Cryosphere
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000024
definition: A fiat object part of the frozen part of a natural satellite's hydosphere
ont00001754: https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/cryosphere.html (accessed 03/06/2023)
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Geospatial Ellipse
type: Class
subclass of: One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary
definition: A One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary that is formed by following a symmetric arc between four vertices which are connected to the center point of the ellipse via a straight line.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

y-Axis
type: Class
subclass of: Coordinate System Axis
definition: A Coordinate System Axis designated by the variable 'y'.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Geospatial Line String
type: Class
subclass of: One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary
definition: A One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary that has two or more Geospatial Positions as vertices, where each vertex is connected to only one other vertex by a straight line.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Physiographic Feature
type: Class
subclass of: Geographic Feature
definition: A Geographic Feature that is a geomorphological unit characterized by its surface form and location in the landscape.
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Semi-Major Axis
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000026
definition: A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that is equal to half the length of the Major Axis of an Ellipse.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Geospatial Line
type: Class
subclass of: Geospatial Line String
definition: A Geospatial Line String that has only two vertices.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Portion of Lithosphere
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000024
definition: A fiat object part of the rigid, outermost rocky shell of a natural satellite.
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Pitch Axis
type: Class
subclass of: Axis of Rotation
alternative label: Lateral Axis
definition: An Axis of Rotation that passes through the center of an object's Mass and is perpendicular both to the direction of the object's motion and to the object's Yaw Axis.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Constructed Feature
type: Class
subclass of: Anthropogenic Feature
definition: An Anthropogenic Feature that has been constructed by deliberate human effort.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Nadir
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000026
definition: A One-Dimensional Spatial Region that extends from a given location downward along the local vertical direction pointing in the direction of the apparent Gravitational Force at that location.
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Geographic Feature
type: Class
subclass of: Environmental Feature
definition: An Environmental Feature that is a natural (i.e. not human made) topographical feature having a (relatively) stable location in some Geospatial Region which can be designated by location-specific data.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Roll Axis
type: Class
subclass of: Axis of Rotation
alternative label: Longitudinal Axis
definition: An Axis of Rotation that passes through the center of an object's Mass from the front to the back of the object as defined by the direction of the object's motion.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Geospatial Polygon
type: Class
subclass of: Geospatial Line String
definition: A Geospatial Line String that has at least three vertices where the connecting lines form a closed loop.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Geospatial Error Region
type: Class
subclass of: One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary
definition: A One-Dimensional Geospatial Boundary that bounds some Geospatial Region according to probability estimations for locating some object within it.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Anthropogenic Feature
type: Class
subclass of: Environmental Feature
definition: An Environmental Feature that is related to or is the result of the influence of human beings on the environment.
ont00001754: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anthropogenic
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Portion of Atmosphere
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000024
definition: A fiat object part of the layer of gas or layers of gases that envelop a natural satellite.
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Portion of Geosphere
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000024
definition: A fiat object part that is composed of one or more portions of the atmosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, or lithosphere
ont00001754: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Three-Dimensional Position
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000028
comment: For an object in motion, its Three-Dimensional Position is part of its Three-Dimensional Path.
definition: A Three-Dimensional Spatial Region that encompasses the (minimal) spatial region in which some object is located at a particular time.
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology

Center of Mass
type: Class
subclass of: BFO_0000147
definition: A Fiat Point that is where the weighted position vectors of the distributed Mass of a Material Entity relative to this point sum to zero.
ont00001754: Asimov, Isaac. Understanding Physics. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1993. 76-79. Available at: https://archive.org/details/understandingphy00isaa/page/n91/mode/2up
ont00001760: Geospatial Ontology