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This ontology is designed to represent a range of attributes of entities especially qualities, realizable entities, and process profiles.
Quality Ontology
Version 2.0
Mass Density
Density
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of that bearer's mass per unit volume.
Semicircular
A Shape quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having the shape of half a circle.
Green
A Color that is between Yellow and Cyan with a wavelength in the visible spectrum, typically between 520 to 560 nanometers.
Square
A Rectangular shape which has four equal length sides and four 90 degree angles.
Translucent
An Opacity that inheres in a bearer in virtue of that bearer's capacity to transmit some but not all electromagnetic radiation of a given frequency through the bearer such that the bearer reflects, scatters, or absorbs some but not all electromagnetic radiation of that frequency.
Spatial Orientation
Attitude
A Relational Quality that is the angle of Rotation of an Object relative to one or more Plane of Reference or Axis of Rotation.
Blunt
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer not having a sharp edge or point.
Purple
A Color that is aproximately midway between Red and Blue.
Radiopaque
Radiodense
A Radiopacity that inheres in a bearer in virtue of its capacity to prevent most X-rays from passing through it.
Albedo
A Radiation Reflectivity that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the capacity of its surface to reflect incident electromagnetic radiation of a particular wavelength.
Albedo is a reflection coefficient and is measured as the ratio of radiation reflected from the surface to the incident radiation. Albedo is dimensionless, can be expressed as a percentage, and is measured on a scale from 0 for no reflection to 1 for perfect reflection of a surface. Albedo depends on the wavelength of the radiation; when no wavelength is specified, it typically refers to some appropriate average across the spectrum of visible light.
Cylindrical
Columnar
A Three Dimensional Shape inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having an elongated shape with round bases.
Strength
A Realizable Entity that is realized when its bearer exerts or resists some power, influence, or force.
Strength is intended to be understood broadly here. Physical strength is only one type of Strength. Other subtypes of Strength may include military strength, psychological strength, emotional strength, political strength, technological strength, and so on.
Wetness
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the degree to which the bearer is covered by a liquid, typically on a continuum of dry to wet.
Width
A One Dimensional Extent that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the bearer's extension in a horizontal direction.
International Organization for Standardization. 2019. Quantities and units -- Part 3: Space and time (ISO 80000-3:2019). International Organization for Standardization. Available at: https://www.iso.org/standard/64974.html.
Texture
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the size, shape, and distribution of features on its surface, typically on a continuum from smooth to rough.
Color
An Optical Property that inheres in a bearer in virtue of that bearer's Color Hue, Color Saturation and Color Brightness.
Wide
Broad
Fat
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having a width or depth which is significantly larger in proportion to its length or height.
Sharp
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having a fine point or thin edge.
Black
A Color that lacks any hues as parts.
Temperature
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of its thermal energy.
Radioactive
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of that bearer exhibiting or being caused by radioactivity.
Circumference
A Perimeter that inheres in a circle or ellipse.
Triangular
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of it having exactly three angles and exactly three sides.
Silver Color
A Color that resembles Grey with the added feature of having a metallic shine.
Fluorescence
A Luminescent Property that inheres in a bearer in virtue of that bearer's capacity to emit visible light while absorbing shorter wavelength radiation, but not after.
Oblong
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having an long thin shape with approximately parallel sides.
Curved
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having borders which are smoothly rounded.
Cuboidal
A Three Dimensional Shape that inheres in a bearer in virtue of it having six Rectangular faces.
Concave Shape
A Shape Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having one or more cavities, such that at least one line connecting a pair of points on the surface of the bearer will lie outside.
Serrated
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having multiple sharp points along a edge.
Radiation Emissivity
A Disposition to Interact with Electromagnetic Radiation that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the capacity of that bearer to emit electromagnetic radiation of a given frequency.
Transparent
An Opacity that inheres in a bearer in virtue of that bearer's capacity to transmit all or nearly all electromagnetic radiation of a given frequency through the bearer such that the bearer reflects, scatters, or absorbs little or no electromagnetic radiation of that frequency.
White
A Color of maximum brightness, the color of objects that reflect nearly all wavelengths of the visible light spectrum, thus considered achromatic.
Diameter
A One Dimensional Extent that inheres in a circle in virtue of the extent of a straight line that passes through the center of the circle and starts and ends on the circle's boundary.
Vulnerability | Definition of Vulnerability by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.Com Also Meaning of Vulnerability. https://web.archive.org/web/20210118111731/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/vulnerability. Accessed 19 Dec. 2022.
Vulnerability
A Disrupting Disposition the realization of which would disrupt a process that the bearer of the Disrupting Disposition has an interest in.
This is defined class. A Vulnerability is indexed by the interest_in object property. A disposition can be a Vulnerability according to one index and not a Vulnerability according to another index.
Cone Shape
A Three Dimensional Shape that inheres in a bearer in virtue of it having a Round base that tapers smoothly to an apex.
Cube Shape
A Cuboidal shape inhering in a bearer in virtue of it having six Square faces.
Sloped
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having a horizontal border which is not level.
Thin
Narrow
Slender
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having a width or depth which is significantly smaller in proportion to its length or height.
Convex Shape
A Shape Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the bearer not having a cavity, such that no line connecting a pair of points on the surface of the bearer will lie outside.
Thickness
A Depth that inheres in a bearer in virtue of it extending inward through an object.
'Matter' here can also refer to the inertial energy of an object.
Typical unit of measure is the kilogram or pound.
Mass
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the amount of matter in that bearer.
Radiopacity
Radiodensity
An Opacity that inheres in a bearer in virtue of its capacity to allow or prevent X-rays to pass through it.
Disposition to Interact with Electromagnetic Radiation
A Disposition that inheres in a bearer in virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation.
Magnetism
A Disposition that is realized when its bearer exerts a magnetic force on another entity.
When an object is "weighed", in the typical case, it is done so by taking into account the local force of gravity to determine the object's mass, whose standard of measure is the kilogram. The actual unit of measure of weight is the newton.
Weight
A Quality that inheres in some material entity with a mass in virtue of its location in some gravitational field.
Color Brightness
Color Intensity
An Optical Property that inheres in a bearer in virtue of its capacity to reflect or radiate light.
Radiolucent
Hypodense
Transradiance
A Radiopacity that inheres in a bearer in virtue of its capacity to permit most X-rays to pass through it.
Spherical
A Three Dimensional Shape inhering in a bearer in virtue of all of its cross sections being round.
Length
A One Dimensional Extent that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the bearer's greatest extent in one direction.
Color Saturation
An Optical Property that inheres in a bearer in virtue of its capacity to reflect high intensity light distributed across fewer wavelengths, typically considered on a continuum of purity.
Hardness
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the degree to which it can be turned, bowed, or twisted without breaking.
Amount
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the total, aggregate or sum of a number of discrete items or material the entity contains as parts.
Optical Property
A Disposition to Interact with Electromagnetic Radiation that is realized when its bearer interacts with electromagnetic waves within the visible light spectrum.
Altitude
A Height that inheres in a Site that externally connects an Independent Continuant to either the surface of the Earth or the Earth's mean Sea Level.
Hazel
A Color that is a combination of Brown and Green, typically associated with eye color.
Round
Circular
A Shape Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of every point along its circumference being equidistant from the center.
Coiled
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer being wound in concentric rings or spirals.
Folded
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of one part of the bearer being layered over another connected part.
Orange
A Color that is between Red and Yellow with a wavelength in the visible spectrum typically between 590 to 635 nanometers.
Refractivity
A Radiation Reflectivity that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the capacity of that bearer to change the direction of a propagating wave when passing through it.
Body Shape
A Shape Quality inhering in a Person's body by virtue of the body's general outline or figure.
Split
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having a linear opening, or having been divided into parts.
Brown
A Color that consists of dark orange and red, and of very low intensity.
Wavy
Undulate
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of it having a sinuous or rippled border.
Depth
A One Dimensional Extent that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the bearer's extension in a downward, backward, or inward direction.
Pyramidal
A Three Dimensional Shape that inheres in a bearer in virtue of it having a polygonal base with vertices that all connect to the same apex to form triangular faces.
Maroon
A Color consisting of purple and brown hue.
Phosphorescence
A Luminescent Property that inheres in a bearer in virtue of that bearer's capacity to emit visible light after absorbing shorter wavelength radiation, and to continue emitting after the absorbing process has ceased.
Height
A One Dimensional Extent that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the bearer's extension in a vertical direction.
Cyan
A Color that is between Green and Blue with a wavelength in the visible spectrum typically between 490 and 520 nanometers.
Closure
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the degree to which that bearer affords passage or sightline through it via an opening, aperture, orifice, or vent.
Bent
Angular
Kinked
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having one or more angles along its border.
Disrupting Disposition
A disposition the realization of which would disrupt a process some entity has an interest in.
This is a defined class. A Disrupting Disposition is indexed by the interest_in object property. A disposition can be a Disrupting Disposition according to one index and not a Disrupting Disposition according to another index.
Threat
Drooping
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having a border that hangs downwards.
Pointing Orientation
Facing Orientation
A Spatial Orientation of a Material Entity in which one or more of its designated components are oriented toward a specified direction.
Branched
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having subdivisions or offshoots.
Shape Quality
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the ratios between dimensions of external features of that bearer.
Straight
Linear
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer not having curves, bends, or angles along its borders.
Two Dimensional Extent
Area
A Size Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the bearer's extension in two dimensions.
Blond
A Color that ranges from nearly white to a light greyish yellow
Magenta
A Color consisting of red and blue hues.
Surface Tension
A Disposition that inheres in a liquid and is realized when the cohesive forces of the molecules in the bearer at the surface are greater than the adhesive forces of the molecules in the surrounding air.
There are a variety of photometric measurements, such as luminous flux/power or luminous intensity, whose units are lumen and candela respectively, which attempt to describe properties associated with the perception of light. These are weighted measurements, typically by the luminosity function, as thus exist on the side of information content. It is a point of further development to add the needed intrinsic properties of radiation that such measurements are about.
Luminescent Property
An Optical Property that inheres in a bearer in virtue of that bearer's capacity to emit visible light, but which isn't the result of the bearer being heated.
Radiation Reflectivity
A Disposition to Interact with Electromagnetic Radiation that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the capacity of that bearer to scatter or reflect electromagnetic radiation of a given frequency.
Violet
A Color that is lower than Blue with a wavelength in the visible spectrum typically between 400 and 450 nanometers.
Roll Orientation
Roll
A Spatial Orientation of an Object relative to its Roll Axis.
Phase Angle
Orbital Phase Angle
A Relational Quality that is the angle between the light incident onto an observed Object and the light reflected from the Object.
Color Hue
An Optical Property that inheres in a bearer in virtue of its capacity to reflect a dominant wavelength of the visible light spectrum, which is typically divided up into 6 to 8 ranges.
Blue
A Color that is between Cyan and Violet with a wavelength in the visible spectrum typically between 450 to 490 nanometers.
Fatigability
A Realizable Entity that is realized when its bearer loses strength and tires quickly.
Protruding
A Shape Quality inhering in a part of an object in virtue of the part extending out above or beyond the surface of the object.
Size Quality
A Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the bearer's extension in one or more dimensions.
Opaque
An Opacity that inheres in a bearer in virtue of that bearer's incapacity to transmit electromagnetic radiation of a given frequency through the bearer such that the bearer reflects, scatters, or absorbs all electromagnetic radiation of that frequency.
Yellow
A Color that is between Orange and Green with a wavelength in the visible spectrum typically between 560 to 590 nanometers.
Red
A Color that is above Orange with a wavelength in the visible spectrum typically between 635 to 700 nanometers.
Flat
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of the bearer having a horizontal border without a significant deviation.
Radiation Absorptivity
A Disposition to Interact with Electromagnetic Radiation that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the capacity of that bearer to absorb electromagnetic radiation of a given frequency.
Perimeter
A One Dimensional Extent that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the extent of a boundary which encloses the bearer.
Three Dimensional Extent
Volume
A Size Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the bearer's extension in three dimensions.
Pitch Orientation
Pitch
A Spatial Orientation of an Object relative to its Pitch Axis.
Yaw Orientation
Yaw
A Spatial Orientation of an Object relative to its Yaw Axis.
Rosy
A Color consisting of red hue and yellow hue and high brightness.
Grey
A Color between white and black colors.
Vermilion
A Color consisting of red and orange hue with a slight amount of gray.
Three Dimensional Shape
A Shape Quality that inheres only in a three dimensional entity.
Subclasses of one dimensional extent are included for usability. It is doubtful any of them can be objectively distinguished (on the side of the bearing entity) without some reference to external properties such as orientation and perspective.
One Dimensional Extent
A Size Quality that inheres in a bearer in virtue of the bearer's extension in one dimension.
Rectangular
A Shape Quality inhering in a bearer in virtue of having four sides and four 90 degree angles.
Gold Color
A Color that resembles a yellow-orange Hue with the added feature of having a metallic shine.
Note that it is important to specify the frequency of electromagnetic radiation when representing a bearer's Opacity since a bearer may be Opaque with respect to electromagnetic radiation of one frequency, but be transparent with respect to electromagnetic radiation of another frequency. Unless otherwise stated, statements about a bearer's Opacity are assumed to be about electromagnetic radiation with a frequency in the visible spectrum.
Opacity
A Disposition to Interact with Electromagnetic Radiation that inheres in a bearer in virtue of that bearer's capacity to transmit electromagnetic radiation of a given frequency through the bearer instead of reflecting, scattering, or absorbing electromangentic radiation of that frequency.