identifier: METPO:1000453 label: temperature range mid4 definition: A temperature range phenotype in which the growth-supporting ambient temperature range spans approximately 34–40 °C, characteristic of warm-mesophilic physiology (including many mammalian host-associated bacteria). definition_source: DOI:10.1146/annurev-micro-091313-103612 trait_category: ENVIRONMENT term_kind: CLASS mapping_status: REVIEWED parent_traits: - METPO:1000306 synonyms: - synonym_text: Mesophilie synonym_type: EXACT_SYNONYM source: metpo.owl - synonym_text: TR_34_to_40 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: metpo.owl evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1146/annurev-micro-091313-103612 snippet: more unsaturated fatty acids notes: Membrane-adaptation review supports the 34–40 °C range as the warm-mesophile (mammalian-host) growth range. causal_graphs: - graph_id: temperature_range_mid4_warm_mesophile title: Temperature-range-mid4 warm-mesophile range description: DOI-backed graph linking warm-mesophile adaptation to a temperature growth range of approximately 34–40 °C. nodes: - node_id: temperature_range_mid4_trait label: temperature range mid4 node_type: TRAIT grounding: METPO:1000453 description: Temperature growth-supporting range approximately 34–40 °C. - node_id: temperature_range label: temperature range node_type: TRAIT grounding: METPO:1000306 description: Span of ambient temperatures supporting growth. - node_id: warm_mesophile_adaptation label: warm-mesophile adaptation node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Membrane and enzyme repertoires tuned for warm host-body temperatures. - node_id: fab_branchpoint_valve label: FabI/FabB fatty-acid branchpoint valve node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Temperature-sensitive metabolic valve at the fatty-acid branchpoint reallocating flux between saturated and unsaturated synthesis via FabI and FabB. - node_id: homeoviscous_adaptation label: homeoviscous adaptation node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Compensatory adjustment of membrane lipid composition to maintain optimal fluidity across temperatures. - node_id: fab_c10_competition label: FabA/FabI/FabB competition for C10:1 pool node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: FabA, FabI and FabB compete for a common C10:1 acyl-ACP pool, shifting flux between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. - node_id: membrane_lipid_composition label: membrane lipid composition node_type: QUALITY description: Saturated/unsaturated phospholipid makeup of the cell membrane. - node_id: membrane_fluidity_restoration label: membrane fluidity restoration node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Restoration of optimal membrane fluidity within a single generation after a temperature shock via the valve and transcriptional feedback. - node_id: growth_after_temperature_shock label: growth after temperature shock node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Continued growth following a rapid change in ambient temperature. - node_id: heat_stress label: heat stress node_type: ENVIRONMENTAL_FACTOR description: Elevated ambient temperature near or above the warm-mesophile upper growth limit. - node_id: protein_unfolding_aggregation label: protein unfolding and aggregation node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Loss of native protein structure and formation of aggregates caused by high temperature. - node_id: mesophile_growth_impairment label: impaired mesophile growth node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Reduction of growth in warm-mesophiles unless protein-damage is compensated. - node_id: membrane_fluidity label: membrane fluidity node_type: QUALITY description: Physical fluidity of the lipid bilayer, increased by high temperature. grounding: METPO:1007505 - node_id: compensatory_adaptation label: compensatory membrane adaptation node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Adaptive response required to counter temperature-driven membrane fluidity changes. - node_id: rpoh_regulon label: sigma-32 (RpoH) heat-shock regulon node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Heat-shock regulon driven by the alternative sigma factor sigma-32/RpoH. - node_id: chaperone_systems label: DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE and GroES/GroEL chaperone systems node_type: GENE_OR_PROTEIN description: Protective heat-shock chaperone systems that refold stress-damaged proteins. - node_id: heat_stress_protection label: protection against heat stress node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Cellular protection against heat-induced protein damage. edges: - subject: warm_mesophile_adaptation predicate: enables object: temperature_range_mid4_trait description: Warm-mesophile adaptation enables growth across 34–40 °C. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1146/annurev-micro-091313-103612 snippet: more unsaturated fatty acids notes: Supports warm-mesophile homeoviscous adaptation as the range mechanism. predicate_id: RO:0002327 - subject: temperature_range_mid4_trait predicate: is a object: temperature_range description: Temperature range mid4 is a quantitative bin of the temperature-range phenotype. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1016/s0300-9629(97)00003-0 snippet: adapted to environments of high temperature notes: Supports the 34–40 °C range as a value within the temperature-range distribution. predicate_id: rdfs:subClassOf - subject: fab_branchpoint_valve predicate: enables object: homeoviscous_adaptation description: The FabI/FabB branchpoint valve reallocates flux between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis, enabling homeoviscous adaptation. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-53677-5 notes: A temperature-sensitive metabolic valve at the fatty-acid branchpoint reallocates flux between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis via FabI and FabB. predicate_id: RO:0002327 - subject: fab_c10_competition predicate: regulates object: membrane_lipid_composition description: Competition of FabA/FabI/FabB for the common C10:1 pool shifts flux between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, changing membrane lipid composition. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-53677-5 notes: FabA, FabI and FabB compete for a common C10:1 pool forming a metabolic valve that shifts flux between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. predicate_id: RO:0002211 - subject: membrane_fluidity_restoration predicate: enables object: growth_after_temperature_shock description: Valve plus transcriptional feedback restores optimal membrane fluidity within a single generation, supporting growth after a temperature shock. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-53677-5 notes: Restores optimal membrane fluidity within a single generation after a temperature shock. predicate_id: RO:0002327 - subject: heat_stress predicate: causes object: protein_unfolding_aggregation description: High temperatures cause protein unfolding and aggregation. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1186/s12864-023-09266-9 notes: High temperatures cause a suite of problems for cells, including protein unfolding and aggregation. predicate_id: biolink:causes - subject: protein_unfolding_aggregation predicate: causes object: mesophile_growth_impairment description: Protein unfolding and aggregation impairs mesophile growth unless compensated. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1186/s12864-023-09266-9 notes: General mechanistic background applicable to the warm-mesophile upper range; protein damage impairs growth unless compensated. predicate_id: biolink:causes - subject: heat_stress predicate: causes object: membrane_fluidity description: High temperatures increase membrane fluidity, requiring compensatory adaptation. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1186/s12864-023-09266-9 notes: High temperatures cause a suite of problems for cells, including increased membrane fluidity. predicate_id: biolink:causes - subject: membrane_fluidity predicate: requires object: compensatory_adaptation description: Temperature-driven increase in membrane fluidity requires compensatory adaptation. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1186/s12864-023-09266-9 notes: Increased membrane fluidity at high temperature requires compensatory adaptation to maintain function. - subject: rpoh_regulon predicate: induces object: chaperone_systems description: The sigma-32/RpoH regulon induces the DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE and GroES/GroEL chaperone systems. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1128/mbio.03105-23 notes: The alternative sigma factor sigma-32 (RpoH) drives protective heat shock proteins including the DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE and GroES/GroEL chaperone systems. - subject: chaperone_systems predicate: enables object: heat_stress_protection description: The DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE and GroES/GroEL chaperone systems protect against heat stress. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1128/mbio.03105-23 notes: 'Canonical heat-response: chaperone systems refold stress-damaged proteins to protect against heat stress.' predicate_id: RO:0002327 curation_history: - timestamp: '2026-05-05T01:35:46.825319+00:00' curator: seed_from_metpo action: SEEDED_FROM_METPO changes: imported from data/raw/metpo.owl (CLASS) llm_assisted: false - timestamp: '2026-05-13T11:00:00-07:00' curator: claude action: CURATED_CAUSAL_GRAPH changes: Added DOI-backed definition and causal graph linking warm-mesophile adaptation to the temperature-range-mid4 bin. llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-05-20T03:35:30Z' curator: claude action: GROUND_CAUSAL_PREDICATES changes: Grounded 2 causal-edge predicate_id field(s) via mappings/predicate_grounding.tsv (RO:0002327×1, rdfs:subClassOf×1). llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-06-23T00:00:00Z' curator: claude action: ENRICH_CAUSAL_GRAPH changes: Added 9 evidence-backed generic edges (14 new nodes) from the deep-research report. llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-06-24T17:21:11Z' curator: claude action: GROUND_CAUSAL_PREDICATES changes: Grounded 7 causal-edge predicate_id field(s) via mappings/predicate_grounding.tsv (RO:0002327×3, biolink:causes×3, RO:0002211×1). llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-06-24T17:21:18Z' curator: claude action: GROUND_CAUSAL_NODES changes: Grounded 1 causal-node grounding field(s) via mappings/node_grounding.tsv (METPO:1007505×1). llm_assisted: true