identifier: traitmech:000517 label: Brc167 system definition: A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a gcu167/Brc167 bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette that supports growth during bacteriophage challenge. definition_source: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 trait_category: GENOMICS term_kind: CLASS mapping_status: PROPOSED parent_traits: - traitmech:000209 synonyms: - synonym_text: gcu167 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md - synonym_text: brc167 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc167 L 38.3 26.3 16.8 18.5 59.8 0 25.6 21.3 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc167 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 16.8% for T4, 18.5% for F1, 0% for prophage phi80, 25.6% for HK544, and 21.3% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc167 H 25.0 21.5 11.4 0 83.1 26.1 61.7 27.6 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc167 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 25.0% for MS2, 21.5% for G4, 11.4% for T4, 0% for F1, and 27.6% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'brc142 brc167.2 brc167' notes: Kieffer et al. include brc167 among identified BRiCs with predicted attC secondary structures. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'C803 pMBA brc167 E. coli IJ1862' notes: Kieffer et al.'s supplementary construct table lists pMBA brc167 in E. coli IJ1862 for high/low-MOI phage-panel testing. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'C813 pMBA brc167 K. pneumoniae' notes: Kieffer et al.'s supplementary construct table lists the pMBA brc167 plasmid introduced into Klebsiella pneumoniae KP5. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| gcu167 | 10\.1126/science\.ads0915 | Mobile integrons encode phage defense systems | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcu167 source key to the Kieffer et al. mobile-integron BRiC paper. causal_graphs: - graph_id: brc167_integron_cassette_confers_phage_resistance title: Brc167 BRiCs confer phage resistance description: Conservative system-level sketch linking a gcu167/Brc167 bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette to phage resistance and Brc167 system possession. scope_status: NONMECHANISTIC scope_notes: The graph captures Brc167 at the integron-cassette and phage-resistance-output level without asserting the native host range, exact sensitive-phage breadth outside the reported panels, direct molecular substrate, or a DefenseFinder HMM/rules profile absent from the pinned snapshot. nodes: - node_id: brc167_integron_cassette label: Brc167 integron cassette node_type: GENETIC_ELEMENT description: A mobile integron gene cassette named by the gcu167 source key and curated as Brc167. - node_id: brc167_phage_resistance label: Brc167 phage resistance node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Reduced phage inhibition in cells carrying the gcu167/Brc167 integron cassette. - node_id: brc167_system_trait label: Brc167 system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000517 description: Possession of a genome-encoded Brc167 phage-defense system. - node_id: phage_defense_system label: phage defense system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000209 description: Possession of one or more genome-encoded immune systems that inhibit bacteriophage infection. edges: - subject: brc167_integron_cassette predicate: contributes to predicate_id: RO:0002326 object: brc167_phage_resistance description: The gcu167/Brc167 integron cassette contributes to phage resistance during phage-panel assays. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc167 L 38.3 26.3 16.8 18.5 59.8 0 25.6 21.3 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc167 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 16.8% for T4, 18.5% for F1, 0% for prophage phi80, 25.6% for HK544, and 21.3% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc167 H 25.0 21.5 11.4 0 83.1 26.1 61.7 27.6 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc167 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 25.0% for MS2, 21.5% for G4, 11.4% for T4, 0% for F1, and 27.6% for F13. - subject: brc167_phage_resistance predicate: confers predicate_id: METPO:2007700 object: brc167_system_trait description: Brc167-linked phage resistance realizes the Brc167 system possession trait. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc167 L 38.3 26.3 16.8 18.5 59.8 0 25.6 21.3 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc167 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 16.8% for T4, 18.5% for F1, 0% for prophage phi80, 25.6% for HK544, and 21.3% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc167 H 25.0 21.5 11.4 0 83.1 26.1 61.7 27.6 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc167 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 25.0% for MS2, 21.5% for G4, 11.4% for T4, 0% for F1, and 27.6% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - subject: brc167_system_trait predicate: is a predicate_id: rdfs:subClassOf object: phage_defense_system description: Brc167 system possession is a phage-defense-system trait. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| gcu167 | 10\.1126/science\.ads0915 | Mobile integrons encode phage defense systems | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcu167 source key to the Kieffer et al. mobile-integron BRiC paper. discussions: - discussion_id: brc167-defensefinder-model-gap prompt: Resolve Brc167 native host breadth, exact sensitive-phage breadth, molecular output, and DefenseFinder HMM/rules coverage before minting narrower Brc167 mechanism children. kind: KNOWLEDGE_GAP status: OPEN rationale: Kieffer et al. identify brc167 as a bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette, and the pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcu167 source key to the same Science article. The pinned HMM inventory and rules table have no exact gcu167 or Brc167 row, so the first-pass record leaves native-host breadth, profile boundaries, exact phage target breadth, and direct molecular output unresolved. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc167 L 38.3 26.3 16.8 18.5 59.8 0 25.6 21.3 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc167 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 16.8% for T4, 18.5% for F1, 0% for prophage phi80, 25.6% for HK544, and 21.3% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc167 H 25.0 21.5 11.4 0 83.1 26.1 61.7 27.6 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc167 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 25.0% for MS2, 21.5% for G4, 11.4% for T4, 0% for F1, and 27.6% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'brc142 brc167.2 brc167' notes: Kieffer et al. include brc167 among identified BRiCs with predicted attC secondary structures. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'C813 pMBA brc167 K. pneumoniae' notes: Kieffer et al. list brc167 in the heterologous Klebsiella pneumoniae KP5 BRiC panel. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| gcu167 | 10\.1126/science\.ads0915 | Mobile integrons encode phage defense systems | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcu167 source key to the Kieffer et al. mobile-integron BRiC paper. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md notes: A structured first-pass search of the pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory found no exact gcu167, brc167, or Brc167 row. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv notes: A structured first-pass search of the pinned DefenseFinder rules table found no exact gcu167, brc167, or Brc167 system row. attaches_to: - causal_graphs#brc167_integron_cassette_confers_phage_resistance posed_by: codex posed_date: '2026-10-01' curation_history: - timestamp: '2026-10-01T14:20:00Z' curator: codex action: MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID changes: Minted Brc167 system as a DOI- and DefenseFinder-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record; kept the graph at BRiC integron-cassette level because the pinned DefenseFinder article registry names gcu167 but the pinned HMM inventory and rules table have no exact Brc167 row; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v394. llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-10-01T14:20:01Z' curator: codex action: REVIEW_CANONICAL_EXAMPLE_EVIDENCE_GAP changes: Reviewed Brc167 system during initial curation and left canonical_examples empty because the sources support heterologous gcu167/Brc167 phage-resistance assays and a DefenseFinder gcu167 article row, but not a direct named native microbial isolate exemplar with experimentally verified endogenous Brc167 activity. No paid research was used. llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-10-01T15:19:00Z' curator: codex action: RESOLVED_ADVERSARIAL_REVIEW changes: 'Resolved PR #1521 adversarial review issue #1522 by replacing Brc167 causal-edge support that relied on attC row-label and construct-table fragments with exact low- and high-MOI Brc167 heatmap row transcriptions from Supplementary Fig. S2.' llm_assisted: true