identifier: traitmech:000518 label: Brc233 system definition: A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a gcu233/Brc233 bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette that supports growth during bacteriophage challenge. definition_source: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 trait_category: GENOMICS term_kind: CLASS mapping_status: PROPOSED parent_traits: - traitmech:000209 synonyms: - synonym_text: gcu233 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md - synonym_text: brc233 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc233 L 27.7 51.8 37.3 62.6 95.7 12.8 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc233 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 27.7% for MS2, 51.8% for G4, 37.3% for T4, 62.6% for F1, and 12.8% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc233 H 34.0 52.2 89.4 39.4 98.2 41.3 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc233 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 34.0% for MS2, 52.2% for G4, 39.4% for F1, and 41.3% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'C807 pMBA brc233 E. coli IJ1862' notes: Kieffer et al.'s supplementary construct table lists pMBA brc233 in E. coli IJ1862 for high/low-MOI phage-panel testing. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'C817 pMBA brc233 K. pneumoniae' notes: Kieffer et al.'s supplementary construct table lists the pMBA brc233 plasmid introduced into Klebsiella pneumoniae KP5. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| gcu233 | 10\.1126/science\.ads0915 | Mobile integrons encode phage defense systems | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcu233 source key to the Kieffer et al. mobile-integron BRiC paper. causal_graphs: - graph_id: brc233_integron_cassette_confers_phage_resistance title: Brc233 BRiCs confer phage resistance description: Conservative system-level sketch linking a gcu233/Brc233 bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette to phage resistance and Brc233 system possession. scope_status: NONMECHANISTIC scope_notes: The graph captures Brc233 at the integron-cassette and phage-resistance-output level without asserting the native host range, exact sensitive-phage breadth outside the reported panels, direct molecular substrate, or a DefenseFinder HMM/rules profile absent from the pinned snapshot. nodes: - node_id: brc233_integron_cassette label: Brc233 integron cassette node_type: GENETIC_ELEMENT description: A mobile integron gene cassette named by the gcu233 source key and curated as Brc233. - node_id: brc233_phage_resistance label: Brc233 phage resistance node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Reduced phage inhibition in cells carrying the gcu233/Brc233 integron cassette. - node_id: brc233_system_trait label: Brc233 system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000518 description: Possession of a genome-encoded Brc233 phage-defense system. - node_id: phage_defense_system label: phage defense system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000209 description: Possession of one or more genome-encoded immune systems that inhibit bacteriophage infection. edges: - subject: brc233_integron_cassette predicate: contributes to predicate_id: RO:0002326 object: brc233_phage_resistance description: The gcu233/Brc233 integron cassette contributes to phage resistance during phage-panel assays. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc233 L 27.7 51.8 37.3 62.6 95.7 12.8 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc233 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 27.7% for MS2, 51.8% for G4, 37.3% for T4, 62.6% for F1, and 12.8% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc233 H 34.0 52.2 89.4 39.4 98.2 41.3 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc233 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 34.0% for MS2, 52.2% for G4, 39.4% for F1, and 41.3% for F13. - subject: brc233_phage_resistance predicate: confers predicate_id: METPO:2007700 object: brc233_system_trait description: Brc233-linked phage resistance realizes the Brc233 system possession trait. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc233 L 27.7 51.8 37.3 62.6 95.7 12.8 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc233 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 27.7% for MS2, 51.8% for G4, 37.3% for T4, 62.6% for F1, and 12.8% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc233 H 34.0 52.2 89.4 39.4 98.2 41.3 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc233 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 34.0% for MS2, 52.2% for G4, 39.4% for F1, and 41.3% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - subject: brc233_system_trait predicate: is a predicate_id: rdfs:subClassOf object: phage_defense_system description: Brc233 system possession is a phage-defense-system trait. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| gcu233 | 10\.1126/science\.ads0915 | Mobile integrons encode phage defense systems | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcu233 source key to the Kieffer et al. mobile-integron BRiC paper. discussions: - discussion_id: brc233-defensefinder-model-gap prompt: Resolve Brc233 native host breadth, exact sensitive-phage breadth, molecular output, and DefenseFinder HMM/rules coverage before minting narrower Brc233 mechanism children. kind: KNOWLEDGE_GAP status: OPEN rationale: Kieffer et al. identify brc233 as a bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette, and the pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcu233 source key to the same Science article. The pinned HMM inventory and rules table have no exact gcu233 or Brc233 row, so the first-pass record leaves native-host breadth, profile boundaries, exact phage target breadth, and direct molecular output unresolved. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc233 L 27.7 51.8 37.3 62.6 95.7 12.8 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc233 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 27.7% for MS2, 51.8% for G4, 37.3% for T4, 62.6% for F1, and 12.8% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brc233 H 34.0 52.2 89.4 39.4 98.2 41.3 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc233 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the row shows reduced inhibition, including 34.0% for MS2, 52.2% for G4, 39.4% for F1, and 41.3% for F13. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'C817 pMBA brc233 K. pneumoniae' notes: Kieffer et al. list brc233 in the heterologous Klebsiella pneumoniae KP5 BRiC panel. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| gcu233 | 10\.1126/science\.ads0915 | Mobile integrons encode phage defense systems | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcu233 source key to the Kieffer et al. mobile-integron BRiC paper. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md notes: A structured first-pass search of the pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory found no exact gcu233, brc233, or Brc233 row. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv notes: A structured first-pass search of the pinned DefenseFinder rules table found no exact gcu233, brc233, or Brc233 system row. attaches_to: - causal_graphs#brc233_integron_cassette_confers_phage_resistance posed_by: codex posed_date: '2026-10-01' curation_history: - timestamp: '2026-10-01T15:36:00Z' curator: codex action: MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID changes: Minted Brc233 system as a DOI- and DefenseFinder-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record; kept the graph at BRiC integron-cassette level because the pinned DefenseFinder article registry names gcu233 but the pinned HMM inventory and rules table have no exact Brc233 row; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v395. llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-10-01T15:36:01Z' curator: codex action: REVIEW_CANONICAL_EXAMPLE_EVIDENCE_GAP changes: Reviewed Brc233 system during initial curation and left canonical_examples empty because the sources support heterologous gcu233/Brc233 phage-resistance assays and a DefenseFinder gcu233 article row, but not a direct named native microbial isolate exemplar with experimentally verified endogenous Brc233 activity. No paid research was used. llm_assisted: true