identifier: traitmech:000520 label: BrcWGS21 system definition: A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a gcuWGS21/BrcWGS21 bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette that supports growth during bacteriophage challenge. definition_source: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 trait_category: GENOMICS term_kind: CLASS mapping_status: PROPOSED parent_traits: - traitmech:000209 synonyms: - synonym_text: gcuWGS21 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md - synonym_text: brcWGS21 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brcWGS21 L 88.6 60.5 93.4 77.2 25.6 0 93.4 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 BrcWGS21 low-MOI heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 88.6% for MS2, 60.5% for T7, 93.4% for HK544, 77.2% for F13, 25.6% for Vs1, 0% for Px4, and 93.4% for Px5. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brcWGS21 H 95.6 98.2 84.9 98.0 24.9 78.4 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 BrcWGS21 high-MOI heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 95.6% for MS2, 98.2% for phi80, 84.9% for HK544, 98.0% for F13, 24.9% for Vs1, and 78.4% for Px4. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'brc113 brc217 brc76 brcWGS21 brc22 brc23' notes: Kieffer et al. include brcWGS21 among identified BRiCs with predicted attC secondary structures. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'C935 pMBA brcWGS21 E. coli IJ1862' notes: Kieffer et al.'s supplementary construct table lists pMBA brcWGS21 in E. coli IJ1862 for high/low-MOI phage-panel testing. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'C941 pMBA brcWGS21 K. pneumoniae KP5' notes: Kieffer et al.'s supplementary construct table lists the pMBA brcWGS21 plasmid introduced into Klebsiella pneumoniae KP5. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| gcuWGS21 | 10\.1126/science\.ads0915 | Mobile integrons encode phage defense systems | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcuWGS21 source key to the Kieffer et al. mobile-integron BRiC paper. causal_graphs: - graph_id: brcwgs21_integron_cassette_confers_phage_resistance title: BrcWGS21 BRiCs confer phage resistance description: Conservative system-level sketch linking a gcuWGS21/BrcWGS21 bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette to phage resistance and BrcWGS21 system possession. scope_status: NONMECHANISTIC scope_notes: The graph captures BrcWGS21 at the integron-cassette and phage-resistance-output level without asserting the native host range, exact sensitive-phage breadth outside the reported panels, direct molecular substrate, or a DefenseFinder HMM/rules profile absent from the pinned snapshot. nodes: - node_id: brcwgs21_integron_cassette label: BrcWGS21 integron cassette node_type: GENETIC_ELEMENT description: A mobile integron gene cassette named by the gcuWGS21 source key and curated as BrcWGS21. - node_id: brcwgs21_phage_resistance label: BrcWGS21 phage resistance node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Reduced phage inhibition in cells carrying the gcuWGS21/BrcWGS21 integron cassette. - node_id: brcwgs21_system_trait label: BrcWGS21 system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000520 description: Possession of a genome-encoded BrcWGS21 phage-defense system. - node_id: phage_defense_system label: phage defense system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000209 description: Possession of one or more genome-encoded immune systems that inhibit bacteriophage infection. edges: - subject: brcwgs21_integron_cassette predicate: contributes to predicate_id: RO:0002326 object: brcwgs21_phage_resistance description: The gcuWGS21/BrcWGS21 integron cassette contributes to phage resistance during phage-panel assays. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brcWGS21 L 88.6 60.5 93.4 77.2 25.6 0 93.4 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 BrcWGS21 low-MOI heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 88.6% for MS2, 60.5% for T7, 93.4% for HK544, 77.2% for F13, 25.6% for Vs1, 0% for Px4, and 93.4% for Px5. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brcWGS21 H 95.6 98.2 84.9 98.0 24.9 78.4 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 BrcWGS21 high-MOI heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 95.6% for MS2, 98.2% for phi80, 84.9% for HK544, 98.0% for F13, 24.9% for Vs1, and 78.4% for Px4. - subject: brcwgs21_phage_resistance predicate: confers predicate_id: METPO:2007700 object: brcwgs21_system_trait description: BrcWGS21-linked phage resistance realizes the BrcWGS21 system possession trait. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brcWGS21 L 88.6 60.5 93.4 77.2 25.6 0 93.4 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 BrcWGS21 low-MOI heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 88.6% for MS2, 60.5% for T7, 93.4% for HK544, 77.2% for F13, 25.6% for Vs1, 0% for Px4, and 93.4% for Px5. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brcWGS21 H 95.6 98.2 84.9 98.0 24.9 78.4 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 BrcWGS21 high-MOI heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 95.6% for MS2, 98.2% for phi80, 84.9% for HK544, 98.0% for F13, 24.9% for Vs1, and 78.4% for Px4. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - subject: brcwgs21_system_trait predicate: is a predicate_id: rdfs:subClassOf object: phage_defense_system description: BrcWGS21 system possession is a phage-defense-system trait. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'brc113 brc217 brc76 brcWGS21 brc22 brc23' notes: Kieffer et al. include brcWGS21 among identified BRiCs with predicted attC secondary structures. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| gcuWGS21 | 10\.1126/science\.ads0915 | Mobile integrons encode phage defense systems | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcuWGS21 source key to the Kieffer et al. mobile-integron BRiC paper. discussions: - discussion_id: brcwgs21-defensefinder-model-gap prompt: Resolve BrcWGS21 native host breadth, exact sensitive-phage breadth, molecular output, and DefenseFinder HMM/rules coverage before minting narrower BrcWGS21 mechanism children. kind: KNOWLEDGE_GAP status: OPEN rationale: Kieffer et al. identify brcWGS21 as a bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette, and the pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcuWGS21 source key to the same Science article. The pinned HMM inventory and rules table have no exact gcuWGS21 or BrcWGS21 row, so the first-pass record leaves native-host breadth, profile boundaries, exact phage target breadth, and direct molecular output unresolved. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brcWGS21 L 88.6 60.5 93.4 77.2 25.6 0 93.4 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 BrcWGS21 low-MOI heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 88.6% for MS2, 60.5% for T7, 93.4% for HK544, 77.2% for F13, 25.6% for Vs1, 0% for Px4, and 93.4% for Px5. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: brcWGS21 H 95.6 98.2 84.9 98.0 24.9 78.4 notes: Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 BrcWGS21 high-MOI heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 95.6% for MS2, 98.2% for phi80, 84.9% for HK544, 98.0% for F13, 24.9% for Vs1, and 78.4% for Px4. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages notes: Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'brc113 brc217 brc76 brcWGS21 brc22 brc23' notes: Kieffer et al. include brcWGS21 among identified BRiCs with predicted attC secondary structures. - reference: DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 snippet: 'C941 pMBA brcWGS21 K. pneumoniae KP5' notes: Kieffer et al. list brcWGS21 in the heterologous Klebsiella pneumoniae KP5 BRiC panel. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| gcuWGS21 | 10\.1126/science\.ads0915 | Mobile integrons encode phage defense systems | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcuWGS21 source key to the Kieffer et al. mobile-integron BRiC paper. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md notes: A structured first-pass search of the pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory found no exact gcuWGS21, brcWGS21, or BrcWGS21 row. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv notes: A structured first-pass search of the pinned DefenseFinder rules table found no exact gcuWGS21, brcWGS21, or BrcWGS21 system row. attaches_to: - causal_graphs#brcwgs21_integron_cassette_confers_phage_resistance posed_by: codex posed_date: '2026-10-01' curation_history: - timestamp: '2026-10-01T17:12:42Z' curator: codex action: MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID changes: Minted BrcWGS21 system as a DOI- and DefenseFinder-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record; kept the graph at BRiC integron-cassette level because the pinned DefenseFinder article registry names gcuWGS21 but the pinned HMM inventory and rules table have no exact BrcWGS21 row; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v397. llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-10-01T17:12:43Z' curator: codex action: REVIEW_CANONICAL_EXAMPLE_EVIDENCE_GAP changes: Reviewed BrcWGS21 system during initial curation and left canonical_examples empty because the sources support heterologous gcuWGS21/BrcWGS21 phage-resistance assays and a DefenseFinder gcuWGS21 article row, but not a direct named native microbial isolate exemplar with experimentally verified endogenous BrcWGS21 activity. No paid research was used. llm_assisted: true