identifier: traitmech:000549 label: DISARM2 system definition: A DISARM system in which an organism possesses a genome-encoded DefenseFinder DISARM_2 subtype locus represented by DISARM_2__drmE, DISARM_2__drmMII, DISARM__drmA, DISARM__drmB, and DISARM__drmC rule profiles. definition_source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv trait_category: GENOMICS term_kind: CLASS mapping_status: PROPOSED parent_traits: - traitmech:000211 synonyms: - synonym_text: DISARM_2 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv - synonym_text: DISARM_2__drmE synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md - synonym_text: DISARM_2__drmMII synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md - synonym_text: DISARM__drmA synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md - synonym_text: DISARM__drmB synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md - synonym_text: DISARM__drmC synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1038/s41564-017-0051-0 snippet: Our results establish DISARM as a new defence system, providing protection against diverse phages notes: Ofir et al. experimentally established DISARM as a broad-spectrum phage defense system. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| DISARM | 10\.1038/s41564-017-0051-0 | DISARM is a widespread bacterial defence system with broad anti-phage activities | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the DISARM source key to Ofir et al.'s DISARM phage-defense paper. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: '| DISARM__drmA | DISARM__drmA | DISARM | Custom | 90 | | DISARM__drmB | DISARM__drmB | DISARM | Custom | 90 | | DISARM__drmC | DISARM__drmC | DISARM | Custom | 40 | | DISARM_2__drmE | DISARM_2__drmE | DISARM_2 | Custom | 90 | | DISARM_2__drmMII | DISARM_2__drmMII | DISARM_2 | Custom | 90 |' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory records the shared DISARM drmA, drmB, and drmC profiles and the DISARM_2 drmE and drmMII profiles. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv snippet: "DISARM\tDISARM_2\t4\t4\tDISARM_2__drmE, DISARM_2__drmMII, DISARM__drmA,\ \ DISARM__drmB, DISARM__drmC\t\t\t" notes: The pinned DefenseFinder rules table models DISARM_2 as a DISARM subsystem requiring four profiles from DISARM_2__drmE, DISARM_2__drmMII, DISARM__drmA, DISARM__drmB, and DISARM__drmC. causal_graphs: - graph_id: disarm2_locus_subtype_defense title: DISARM2 loci support DISARM antiphage defense description: Conservative system-level sketch linking a DISARM_2 locus to DISARM methyltransferase-associated phage defense and DISARM2 system possession. scope_status: NONMECHANISTIC scope_notes: The graph captures DISARM2 at DefenseFinder subtype-locus level without asserting the exact DISARM2 effector chemistry, native host breadth, sensitive-phage breadth, whether every DefenseFinder DISARM_2 prediction is a complete experimentally active locus, or how the shared DISARM drmA, drmB, and drmC profiles combine with the DISARM_2 drmE and drmMII profiles. nodes: - node_id: disarm2_locus label: DISARM2 locus node_type: GENETIC_ELEMENT description: A Defense Island System Associated with Restriction-Modification subtype II locus represented in DefenseFinder by DISARM_2 and shared DISARM rule profiles. - node_id: disarm_methyltransferase_antiphage_defense label: DISARM methyltransferase-associated antiphage defense node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Methyltransferase-associated DISARM phage defense carried by a genome-encoded DISARM locus. - node_id: disarm2_system_trait label: DISARM2 system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000549 description: Possession of a genome-encoded DISARM2 phage-defense system. - node_id: disarm_system_trait label: DISARM system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000211 description: Possession of a genome-encoded DISARM phage-defense system. edges: - subject: disarm2_locus predicate: contributes to predicate_id: RO:0002326 object: disarm_methyltransferase_antiphage_defense description: DISARM2 loci are represented in DefenseFinder by shared DISARM drmA, drmB, and drmC profiles plus DISARM_2-specific drmE and drmMII profiles. evidence: - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: '| DISARM__drmA | DISARM__drmA | DISARM | Custom | 90 | | DISARM__drmB | DISARM__drmB | DISARM | Custom | 90 | | DISARM__drmC | DISARM__drmC | DISARM | Custom | 40 | | DISARM_2__drmE | DISARM_2__drmE | DISARM_2 | Custom | 90 | | DISARM_2__drmMII | DISARM_2__drmMII | DISARM_2 | Custom | 90 |' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory records the shared DISARM drmA, drmB, and drmC profiles and the DISARM_2 drmE and drmMII profiles. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv snippet: "DISARM\tDISARM_2\t4\t4\tDISARM_2__drmE, DISARM_2__drmMII, DISARM__drmA,\ \ DISARM__drmB, DISARM__drmC\t\t\t" notes: The pinned DefenseFinder rules table models DISARM_2 as a DISARM subsystem requiring four profiles from DISARM_2__drmE, DISARM_2__drmMII, DISARM__drmA, DISARM__drmB, and DISARM__drmC. - subject: disarm_methyltransferase_antiphage_defense predicate: confers predicate_id: METPO:2007700 object: disarm2_system_trait description: The first-pass DISARM2 system trait is realized by a DefenseFinder DISARM_2 subtype locus within the methyltransferase-associated DISARM family. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1038/s41564-017-0051-0 snippet: Our results establish DISARM as a new defence system, providing protection against diverse phages notes: Ofir et al. experimentally established DISARM as a broad-spectrum phage defense system. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: '| DISARM__drmA | DISARM__drmA | DISARM | Custom | 90 | | DISARM__drmB | DISARM__drmB | DISARM | Custom | 90 | | DISARM__drmC | DISARM__drmC | DISARM | Custom | 40 | | DISARM_2__drmE | DISARM_2__drmE | DISARM_2 | Custom | 90 | | DISARM_2__drmMII | DISARM_2__drmMII | DISARM_2 | Custom | 90 |' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory records the shared DISARM drmA, drmB, and drmC profiles and the DISARM_2 drmE and drmMII profiles. - subject: disarm2_system_trait predicate: is a predicate_id: rdfs:subClassOf object: disarm_system_trait description: DISARM2 system possession is a DISARM-system trait. evidence: - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| DISARM | 10\.1038/s41564-017-0051-0 | DISARM is a widespread bacterial defence system with broad anti-phage activities | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the DISARM source key to Ofir et al.'s DISARM phage-defense paper. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv snippet: "DISARM\tDISARM_2\t4\t4\tDISARM_2__drmE, DISARM_2__drmMII, DISARM__drmA,\ \ DISARM__drmB, DISARM__drmC\t\t\t" notes: The pinned DefenseFinder rules table models DISARM_2 as a DISARM subsystem requiring four profiles from DISARM_2__drmE, DISARM_2__drmMII, DISARM__drmA, DISARM__drmB, and DISARM__drmC. discussions: - discussion_id: disarm2-profile-activity-gap prompt: Resolve DISARM2 effector chemistry, exact native hosts, sensitive-phage breadth, shared-core component roles, and DISARM_2 profile-to-activity criteria before minting DISARM2 mechanism or component children. kind: KNOWLEDGE_GAP status: OPEN rationale: Ofir et al. support DISARM as a broad antiphage-system family, and the pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory and rules table support DISARM_2 as a subtype with drmE, drmMII, drmA, drmB, and drmC profiles. This first-pass record leaves exact DISARM2 effector chemistry, native host breadth, sensitive-phage breadth, shared-core component roles, and profile-to-activity requirements unresolved. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1038/s41564-017-0051-0 snippet: Our results establish DISARM as a new defence system, providing protection against diverse phages notes: Ofir et al. experimentally established DISARM as a broad-spectrum phage defense system. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: '| DISARM__drmA | DISARM__drmA | DISARM | Custom | 90 | | DISARM__drmB | DISARM__drmB | DISARM | Custom | 90 | | DISARM__drmC | DISARM__drmC | DISARM | Custom | 40 | | DISARM_2__drmE | DISARM_2__drmE | DISARM_2 | Custom | 90 | | DISARM_2__drmMII | DISARM_2__drmMII | DISARM_2 | Custom | 90 |' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory records the shared DISARM drmA, drmB, and drmC profiles and the DISARM_2 drmE and drmMII profiles. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv snippet: "DISARM\tDISARM_2\t4\t4\tDISARM_2__drmE, DISARM_2__drmMII, DISARM__drmA,\ \ DISARM__drmB, DISARM__drmC\t\t\t" notes: The pinned DefenseFinder rules table models DISARM_2 as a DISARM subsystem requiring four profiles from DISARM_2__drmE, DISARM_2__drmMII, DISARM__drmA, DISARM__drmB, and DISARM__drmC. attaches_to: - causal_graphs#disarm2_locus_subtype_defense posed_by: codex posed_date: '2026-10-02' curation_history: - timestamp: '2026-10-02T15:56:12Z' curator: codex action: MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID changes: Minted DISARM2 system as a DOI- and DefenseFinder-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under the DISARM system parent after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live DISARM2 TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v426. llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-10-02T15:56:13Z' curator: codex action: REVIEW_CANONICAL_EXAMPLE_EVIDENCE_GAP changes: Reviewed DISARM2 system during initial curation and left canonical_examples empty because Ofir et al. and the pinned DefenseFinder tables support the DISARM family and the DISARM_2 model namespace but not an accession-backed native microbial taxon exemplar tied to DISARM_2 profiles and experimentally verified endogenous DISARM2 activity. No paid research was used. llm_assisted: true