identifier: traitmech:000560 label: Druantia III system definition: A Druantia system in which an organism possesses a genome-encoded DefenseFinder Druantia_III subtype locus represented by the Druantia_III rule row requiring both the Druantia_III__DruH and Druantia__DruE_1 profiles. definition_source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv trait_category: GENOMICS term_kind: CLASS mapping_status: PROPOSED parent_traits: - traitmech:000234 synonyms: - synonym_text: Druantia III synonym_type: EXACT_SYNONYM source: DOI:10.64898/2026.05.12.724681 - synonym_text: Druantia_III synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv - synonym_text: Druantia_III__DruH synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md - synonym_text: Druantia__DruE_1 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md evidence: - reference: DOI:10.64898/2026.05.12.724681 snippet: Druantia III is a late-acting defence where DruH is the likely infection sensor and DruE is a helicase-nuclease effector that engages ssDNA-containing replication intermediates notes: Wu et al. support the characterized Druantia III arrangement in which DruH likely senses infection and DruE acts as the helicase-nuclease effector. - reference: DOI:10.64898/2026.05.12.724681 snippet: we identified 6,885 bacterial genomes encoding complete Druantia III systems, defined by the presence of both DruE and DruH notes: Wu et al. support Druantia III as a recurring bacterial DruE/DruH system rather than a single engineered locus. - reference: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12458937/ snippet: Screening 66 phages that could form plaques on the double-deletion strain showed that the strain carrying only Druantia III exhibited at least modest protection (<0.01 EOP or <0.5 SFC) against 3 phages, whereas the strain carrying ARMADA Type II exhibited a much broader range of immunity, with at least modest protection observed against 30 phages. notes: Bell et al. support native E. coli ATCC 8739 Druantia III protection in a deletion-resolved panel separating Druantia III from co-located ARMADA Type II activity. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| Druantia | 10\.1126/science\.aar4120 | Systematic discovery of antiphage defense systems in the microbial pangenome | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the broad Druantia model namespace to the Doron et al. microbial pangenome antiphage-system discovery paper. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: '| Druantia__DruE_1 | Druantia__DruE_1 | Druantia | Custom | 20 |' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory records the shared Druantia__DruE_1 custom profile listed by the Druantia_III rule row. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: '| Druantia_III__DruH | Druantia_III__DruH | Druantia_III | Custom | 20 |' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory records the Druantia_III__DruH custom profile under the Druantia_III model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv snippet: "Druantia\tDruantia_III\t2\t2\tDruantia_III__DruH, Druantia__DruE_1\t\t\ \t" notes: The pinned DefenseFinder rules table models Druantia_III as a Druantia subsystem requiring two mandatory matches from Druantia_III__DruH and Druantia__DruE_1 and two genes overall. canonical_examples: - taxon_id: NCBITaxon:562 taxon_label: Escherichia coli note: Bell et al. screened E. coli ATCC 8739 system-deletion derivatives and observed at least modest phage protection in the derivative retaining only the native Druantia III system. reference: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12458937/ causal_graphs: - graph_id: druantia_iii_locus_subtype_defense title: Druantia III loci mark a DruH-dependent Druantia subtype description: Conservative subtype-level sketch linking a DefenseFinder Druantia_III locus to DruE/DruH-dependent Type III Druantia DNA processing, Druantia III system possession, and its Druantia parent. scope_status: NONMECHANISTIC scope_notes: The graph captures the Druantia_III subtype at DefenseFinder rule-row level without resolving the exact late phage trigger, DruH sensory intermediate, RecBCD dependence, Zorya II synergy, native host breadth beyond the E. coli ATCC 8739 observation, Type I, Type II, or Type IV partner functions, or whether every DefenseFinder Druantia_III prediction is a complete experimentally active locus. nodes: - node_id: druantia_iii_locus label: Druantia III locus node_type: GENETIC_ELEMENT description: A DefenseFinder Druantia_III subtype locus represented by Druantia_III__DruH and Druantia__DruE_1 profiles. - node_id: druantia_iii_dna_processing label: Druantia III DruE/DruH DNA processing node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: DruE helicase-nuclease DNA processing in a DruH-containing Type III Druantia context. - node_id: druantia_iii_system_trait label: Druantia III system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000560 description: Possession of a genome-encoded Druantia III phage-defense system. - node_id: druantia_system_trait label: Druantia system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000234 description: Possession of a genome-encoded Druantia phage-defense system. edges: - subject: druantia_iii_locus predicate: contributes to predicate_id: RO:0002326 object: druantia_iii_dna_processing description: Druantia_III loci are represented in DefenseFinder by Druantia_III__DruH and Druantia__DruE_1, and Wu et al. define complete Druantia III systems by the presence of both DruE and DruH. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.64898/2026.05.12.724681 snippet: we identified 6,885 bacterial genomes encoding complete Druantia III systems, defined by the presence of both DruE and DruH notes: Wu et al. support Druantia III as a recurring bacterial DruE/DruH system rather than a single engineered locus. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: '| Druantia__DruE_1 | Druantia__DruE_1 | Druantia | Custom | 20 |' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory records the shared Druantia__DruE_1 custom profile listed by the Druantia_III rule row. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: '| Druantia_III__DruH | Druantia_III__DruH | Druantia_III | Custom | 20 |' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory records the Druantia_III__DruH custom profile under the Druantia_III model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv snippet: "Druantia\tDruantia_III\t2\t2\tDruantia_III__DruH, Druantia__DruE_1\t\ \t\t" notes: The pinned DefenseFinder rules table models Druantia_III as a Druantia subsystem requiring two mandatory matches from Druantia_III__DruH and Druantia__DruE_1 and two genes overall. - subject: druantia_iii_dna_processing predicate: confers predicate_id: METPO:2007700 object: druantia_iii_system_trait description: The first-pass Druantia III system trait is realized by a DruE/DruH locus whose late defense uses DruE helicase-nuclease effector activity. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.64898/2026.05.12.724681 snippet: Druantia III is a late-acting defence where DruH is the likely infection sensor and DruE is a helicase-nuclease effector that engages ssDNA-containing replication intermediates notes: Wu et al. support the characterized Druantia III arrangement in which DruH likely senses infection and DruE acts as the helicase-nuclease effector. - subject: druantia_iii_system_trait predicate: is a predicate_id: rdfs:subClassOf object: druantia_system_trait description: Druantia III system possession is a Druantia-system trait. evidence: - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| Druantia | 10\.1126/science\.aar4120 | Systematic discovery of antiphage defense systems in the microbial pangenome | ' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the broad Druantia model namespace to the Doron et al. microbial pangenome antiphage-system discovery paper. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv snippet: "Druantia\tDruantia_III\t2\t2" notes: The pinned DefenseFinder rules table places the Druantia_III subsystem under the Druantia system key with two mandatory matches and two genes required. discussions: - discussion_id: druantia-iii-activity-gap prompt: Resolve Druantia_III phage triggers, DruH sensory chemistry, RecBCD and Zorya coupling, native host breadth, and profile-to-activity criteria before minting enzyme, trigger, or component children. kind: KNOWLEDGE_GAP status: OPEN rationale: Wu et al. support Druantia III as a recurring DruE/DruH system in which DruH is the likely infection sensor and DruE is a helicase-nuclease effector, and the pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory and rules table support Druantia_III as a subtype whose rule row requires the Druantia_III__DruH and Druantia__DruE_1 profiles. Bell et al. support one deletion-resolved native E. coli ATCC 8739 Druantia III protection observation. This first-pass record leaves exact late phage triggers, DruH sensory intermediates, RecBCD dependence, Zorya II coupling, native host breadth beyond ATCC 8739, and profile-to-activity criteria unresolved. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.64898/2026.05.12.724681 snippet: Druantia III is a late-acting defence where DruH is the likely infection sensor and DruE is a helicase-nuclease effector that engages ssDNA-containing replication intermediates notes: Wu et al. support the characterized Druantia III arrangement in which DruH likely senses infection and DruE acts as the helicase-nuclease effector. - reference: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12458937/ snippet: Screening 66 phages that could form plaques on the double-deletion strain showed that the strain carrying only Druantia III exhibited at least modest protection (<0.01 EOP or <0.5 SFC) against 3 phages, whereas the strain carrying ARMADA Type II exhibited a much broader range of immunity, with at least modest protection observed against 30 phages. notes: Bell et al. support native E. coli ATCC 8739 Druantia III protection in a deletion-resolved panel separating Druantia III from co-located ARMADA Type II activity. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: '| Druantia_III__DruH | Druantia_III__DruH | Druantia_III | Custom | 20 |' notes: The pinned DefenseFinder HMM inventory records the Druantia_III__DruH custom profile under the Druantia_III model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv snippet: "Druantia\tDruantia_III\t2\t2\tDruantia_III__DruH, Druantia__DruE_1\t\ \t\t" notes: The pinned DefenseFinder rules table models Druantia_III as a Druantia subsystem requiring two mandatory matches from Druantia_III__DruH and Druantia__DruE_1 and two genes overall. attaches_to: - causal_graphs#druantia_iii_locus_subtype_defense posed_by: codex posed_date: '2026-10-03' curation_history: - timestamp: '2026-10-03T00:37:00Z' curator: codex action: MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID changes: Minted Druantia III system as a DOI- and DefenseFinder-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under the Druantia system parent after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record for the target local ID, placeholder METPO ID, proposal cohort, record slug, human label, DefenseFinder subsystem, DruH profile, or shared DruE_1 profile; existing Druantia III mentions were supporting evidence on broad Druantia or ARMADA records, not an exact child TraitRecord, and the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v437. llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-10-03T00:37:02Z' curator: codex action: REVIEW_CANONICAL_EXAMPLE changes: Reviewed Druantia III system during initial curation and added Escherichia coli because Bell et al. reported a deletion-resolved E. coli ATCC 8739 derivative retaining only native Druantia III activity with modest protection against 3 of 66 screened phages. Broader native host breadth remains unresolved, and no paid research was used. llm_assisted: true