identifier: traitmech:000326 label: Fliodhais system definition: A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a two-component Fliodhais locus that can reduce Lactococcus bacteriophage c2 plaque development. definition_source: DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 trait_category: GENOMICS term_kind: CLASS mapping_status: PROPOSED parent_traits: - traitmech:000209 synonyms: - synonym_text: Fliodhais synonym_type: EXACT_SYNONYM source: DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 snippet: Based on comparative sequence analysis (BLASTN and BLASTP) and on functional and structural analysis (HHpred and InterPro) the remaining seven antiphage systems (out of the twenty identified) did not display significant homology to any previously described antiphage system, thus rendering them novel antiphage systems (Table 1). These systems were named after cheese, cattle or fermentation related deities (Rhea, Aristaios, Kamadhenu, Fliodhais, Audmula, Rugutis and Hesat) notes: Grafakou et al. named Fliodhais among seven not previously described lactococcal antiphage systems. - reference: DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 snippet: All discovered systems, except Fliodhais, are single gene antiphage systems. Both genetic components are necessary for Fliodhais activity; the described antiphage activity (see below) was not observed when the two components were cloned and tested separately. notes: Grafakou et al. report that the tested Fliodhais system requires both of its genetic components for activity. - reference: DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 snippet: Fliodhais was associated with smaller c2 plaques surrounded by a halo (<1 mm clear-centred plaques with a faint ring), a phenotype that was not observed when phage c2 was plated on the wild type strain (up to 4 mm clear-centred plaques without a halo). notes: Grafakou et al. report a Fliodhais-associated c2 plaque morphology distinct from the wild-type Lactococcus host. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: Fliodhais | 10\.1093/nar/gkae671 | Discovery of antiphage systems in the lactococcal plasmidome notes: The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named Fliodhais system to the Grafakou et al. lactococcal antiphage-system discovery paper. causal_graphs: - graph_id: fliodhais_locus_restricts_phage title: Fliodhais loci confer bacterial phage defense description: Conservative system-level sketch linking possession of a Fliodhais locus to restricted bacteriophage propagation without asserting the unresolved phage trigger or molecular output. scope_status: NONMECHANISTIC scope_notes: The graph captures Fliodhais as a named two-component lactococcal anti-phage system while leaving its direct phage trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, natural locus breadth, and the absence of pinned DefenseFinder HMM or rule rows unresolved. nodes: - node_id: fliodhais_locus label: Fliodhais locus node_type: GENETIC_ELEMENT description: A Fliodhais anti-phage defense locus described as requiring both genetic components for activity. - node_id: restricted_phage_propagation label: restricted phage propagation node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Reduced propagation of bacteriophage in cells carrying the Fliodhais system. - node_id: fliodhais_system_trait label: Fliodhais system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000326 description: Possession of a genome-encoded Fliodhais phage-defense system. - node_id: phage_defense_system label: phage defense system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000209 description: Possession of one or more genome-encoded immune systems that inhibit bacteriophage infection. edges: - subject: fliodhais_locus predicate: contributes to predicate_id: RO:0002326 object: restricted_phage_propagation description: The lactococcal plasmidome screen discovered Fliodhais as a named two-component antiphage system, and the DefenseFinder article registry maps the Fliodhais system to that discovery paper. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 snippet: Based on comparative sequence analysis (BLASTN and BLASTP) and on functional and structural analysis (HHpred and InterPro) the remaining seven antiphage systems (out of the twenty identified) did not display significant homology to any previously described antiphage system, thus rendering them novel antiphage systems (Table 1). These systems were named after cheese, cattle or fermentation related deities (Rhea, Aristaios, Kamadhenu, Fliodhais, Audmula, Rugutis and Hesat) notes: Grafakou et al. named Fliodhais as one of the novel lactococcal antiphage systems. - reference: DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 snippet: All discovered systems, except Fliodhais, are single gene antiphage systems. Both genetic components are necessary for Fliodhais activity; the described antiphage activity (see below) was not observed when the two components were cloned and tested separately. notes: Grafakou et al. report that both cloned Fliodhais components were necessary for activity. - reference: DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 snippet: Fliodhais was associated with smaller c2 plaques surrounded by a halo (<1 mm clear-centred plaques with a faint ring), a phenotype that was not observed when phage c2 was plated on the wild type strain (up to 4 mm clear-centred plaques without a halo). notes: Grafakou et al. report Fliodhais-associated c2 plaque-size reduction. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: Fliodhais | 10\.1093/nar/gkae671 | Discovery of antiphage systems in the lactococcal plasmidome notes: The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named Fliodhais system to the Grafakou et al. lactococcal antiphage-system discovery paper. - subject: restricted_phage_propagation predicate: confers predicate_id: METPO:2007700 object: fliodhais_system_trait description: Fliodhais-mediated phage restriction realizes the Fliodhais system trait. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 snippet: Fliodhais was associated with smaller c2 plaques surrounded by a halo (<1 mm clear-centred plaques with a faint ring), a phenotype that was not observed when phage c2 was plated on the wild type strain (up to 4 mm clear-centred plaques without a halo). notes: Grafakou et al. report a Fliodhais-linked change in c2 plaque development. - subject: fliodhais_system_trait predicate: is a predicate_id: rdfs:subClassOf object: phage_defense_system description: Fliodhais system possession is a phage-defense-system trait. evidence: - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: Fliodhais | 10\.1093/nar/gkae671 | Discovery of antiphage systems in the lactococcal plasmidome notes: The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named Fliodhais system to the Grafakou et al. lactococcal antiphage-system discovery paper. discussions: - discussion_id: fliodhais-mechanism-gap prompt: Resolve Fliodhais phage triggers and effector outputs before minting narrower Fliodhais mechanism children. kind: KNOWLEDGE_GAP status: OPEN rationale: Grafakou et al. and DefenseFinder support Fliodhais as a named two-component anti-phage system, but the direct trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, natural locus breadth, and profile-to-component model are not resolved enough here to assert a narrower mechanistic child trait. attaches_to: - causal_graphs#fliodhais_locus_restricts_phage posed_by: codex posed_date: '2026-09-21' curation_history: - timestamp: '2026-09-21T04:17:19Z' curator: codex action: MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID changes: Minted Fliodhais system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v203. llm_assisted: true