identifier: traitmech:000401
label: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 system
definition: A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a two-protein Rst_HelicaseDUF2290
locus represented by DefenseFinder as a two-profile model requiring Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290
and Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase and experimentally linked to T7 protection when
expressed in Escherichia coli.
definition_source: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
trait_category: GENOMICS
term_kind: CLASS
mapping_status: PROPOSED
parent_traits:
- traitmech:000209
synonyms:
- synonym_text: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290
synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM
source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
- synonym_text: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290
synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM
source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
- synonym_text: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290_Pers
synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM
source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
- synonym_text: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase
synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM
source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
- synonym_text: DUF2290_Pers
synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM
source: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
evidence:
- reference: DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2022.02.018
snippet: 'two systems that specifically inhibit the growth of phage T7: an ATP-dependent
helicase associated with a DUF2290 protein and a HAD-like hydrolase associated
with a transmembrane protein'
notes: Rousset et al. experimentally linked an ATP-dependent helicase plus DUF2290
protein pair to specific inhibition of phage T7 growth.
- reference: DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2022.02.018
snippet: Phage resistance heatmap of the validated defense systems shows the mean
fold resistance of three independent replicates against a panel of eight phages
notes: The Figure 2 legend frames the cloned P4-hotspot hits, including the ATP-dependent
helicase plus DUF2290 system, as validated defense systems in a replicated phage-resistance
heatmap.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: The Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 system was discovered during a screen for defense
systems targeted at hotspots of antiphage activity in phages and phage-satellites.
It is composed of 2 proteins, a helicase and a protein with the domain DUF2290.
notes: The pinned DefenseFinder wiki page names Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 as a two-protein
helicase/DUF2290 system found in antiviral hotspots of phages and phage satellites.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: As far as we are aware, the molecular mechanism is unknown.
notes: The pinned DefenseFinder wiki page leaves the Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 molecular
mechanism unresolved.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: 'The Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 is composed of 2 proteins: Helicase and DUF2290.'
notes: The pinned DefenseFinder wiki page describes Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 as a two-component
Helicase/DUF2290 system.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: The Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 system in *Klebsiella quasipneumoniae* (GCF_003020825.1,
NZ_CP023478) is composed of 2 proteins Helicase (WP_046623504.1) DUF2290_Pers
(WP_046623503.1)
notes: The DefenseFinder wiki illustrates a predicted two-protein Rst_HelicaseDUF2290
locus in RefSeq assembly GCF_003020825.1 on NZ_CP023478.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: "Rousset_2022[Rousset\
\ et al., 2022] --> Origin_0\n Origin_0[Klebsiella pneumoniae P4 loci \n\
WP_046623503.1,\
\ WP_046623504.1]\
\ --> Expressed_0[Escherichia coli]\n Expressed_0[Escherichia coli] ----> T7"
notes: The DefenseFinder experimental-validation diagram links Rousset et al. to
a Klebsiella pneumoniae P4-locus source expressed in Escherichia coli against
T7.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: "subgraph Title4[Protects against]\n T7"
notes: The DefenseFinder experimental-validation diagram lists T7 in the Rst_HelicaseDUF2290
protects-against subgraph.
- reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
snippet: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | 10\.1101/2021\.01\.21\.427644 | Prophage-encoded
hotspots of bacterial immune systems
notes: The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 system
to the Rousset et al. preprint.
- reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv
snippet: "Rst_HelicaseDUF2290\tRst_HelicaseDUF2290\t2\t2\tRst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290,\
\ Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase\t\t\t"
notes: The DefenseFinder rules table models Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 as a two-profile
system requiring Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290 and Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase.
- reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
snippet: '| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290 | Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290___DUF2290 |
Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | PF10053.11 | 25 |
| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290_Pers | Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290_Pers___DUF2290_Pers
| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | Custom | 20 |
| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase | Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase___Helicase |
Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | Custom | 20 |'
notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records DUF2290, DUF2290_Pers, and Helicase
profiles under Rst_HelicaseDUF2290.
causal_graphs:
- graph_id: rst_helicaseduf2290_locus_restricts_t7
title: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 loci restrict T7
description: Conservative system-level sketch linking the named Rst_HelicaseDUF2290
two-gene locus model to T7 phage resistance.
scope_status: NONMECHANISTIC
scope_notes: The graph captures Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 as a named DefenseFinder two-profile
phage-defense system while leaving native host breadth, accession-level DUF2290
and helicase roles, the extra DUF2290_Pers profile, and the mechanism of T7 restriction
unresolved.
nodes:
- node_id: rst_helicaseduf2290_locus
label: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 locus
node_type: GENETIC_ELEMENT
description: A two-gene helicase/DUF2290 phage-defense locus represented by the
DefenseFinder Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 profiles.
- node_id: t7_phage_resistance
label: T7 phage resistance
node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS
description: Resistance against phage T7 in a host expressing an Rst_HelicaseDUF2290
locus.
- node_id: rst_helicaseduf2290_system_trait
label: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 system
node_type: TRAIT
grounding: traitmech:000401
description: Possession of a genome-encoded Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 phage-defense
system.
- node_id: phage_defense_system
label: phage defense system
node_type: TRAIT
grounding: traitmech:000209
description: Possession of one or more genome-encoded immune systems that inhibit
bacteriophage infection.
edges:
- subject: rst_helicaseduf2290_locus
predicate: contributes to
predicate_id: RO:0002326
object: t7_phage_resistance
description: Rousset et al. linked an ATP-dependent helicase plus DUF2290 locus
to T7 restriction, and DefenseFinder models Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 as a two-profile
system.
evidence:
- reference: DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2022.02.018
snippet: 'two systems that specifically inhibit the growth of phage T7: an ATP-dependent
helicase associated with a DUF2290 protein and a HAD-like hydrolase associated
with a transmembrane protein'
notes: Rousset et al. experimentally linked an ATP-dependent helicase plus DUF2290
protein pair to specific inhibition of phage T7 growth.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: The Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 system was discovered during a screen for defense
systems targeted at hotspots of antiphage activity in phages and phage-satellites.
It is composed of 2 proteins, a helicase and a protein with the domain DUF2290.
notes: The pinned DefenseFinder wiki page names Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 as a two-protein
helicase/DUF2290 system found in antiviral hotspots of phages and phage satellites.
- reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv
snippet: "Rst_HelicaseDUF2290\tRst_HelicaseDUF2290\t2\t2\tRst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290,\
\ Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase\t\t\t"
notes: The DefenseFinder rules table models Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 as a two-profile
system requiring Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290 and Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase.
- reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
snippet: '| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290 | Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290___DUF2290 |
Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | PF10053.11 | 25 |
| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290_Pers | Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290_Pers___DUF2290_Pers
| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | Custom | 20 |
| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase | Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase___Helicase |
Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | Custom | 20 |'
notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records DUF2290, DUF2290_Pers, and Helicase
profiles under Rst_HelicaseDUF2290.
- subject: t7_phage_resistance
predicate: confers
predicate_id: METPO:2007700
object: rst_helicaseduf2290_system_trait
description: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290-linked T7 resistance realizes the Rst_HelicaseDUF2290
system trait.
evidence:
- reference: DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2022.02.018
snippet: 'two systems that specifically inhibit the growth of phage T7: an ATP-dependent
helicase associated with a DUF2290 protein and a HAD-like hydrolase associated
with a transmembrane protein'
notes: Rousset et al. experimentally linked an ATP-dependent helicase plus DUF2290
protein pair to specific inhibition of phage T7 growth.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: "Rousset_2022[Rousset\
\ et al., 2022] --> Origin_0\n Origin_0[Klebsiella pneumoniae P4 loci\
\ \nWP_046623503.1,\
\ WP_046623504.1]\
\ --> Expressed_0[Escherichia coli]\n Expressed_0[Escherichia coli] ---->\
\ T7"
notes: The DefenseFinder experimental-validation diagram links Rousset et al.
to a Klebsiella pneumoniae P4-locus source expressed in Escherichia coli against
T7.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: "subgraph Title4[Protects against]\n T7"
notes: The DefenseFinder experimental-validation diagram lists T7 in the Rst_HelicaseDUF2290
protects-against subgraph.
- subject: rst_helicaseduf2290_system_trait
predicate: is a
predicate_id: rdfs:subClassOf
object: phage_defense_system
description: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 system possession is a phage-defense-system trait.
evidence:
- reference: DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2022.02.018
snippet: Phage resistance heatmap of the validated defense systems shows the
mean fold resistance of three independent replicates against a panel of eight
phages
notes: The Figure 2 legend frames the cloned P4-hotspot hits, including the
ATP-dependent helicase plus DUF2290 system, as validated defense systems in
a replicated phage-resistance heatmap.
- reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
snippet: Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | 10\.1101/2021\.01\.21\.427644 | Prophage-encoded
hotspots of bacterial immune systems
notes: The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named Rst_HelicaseDUF2290
system to the Rousset et al. preprint.
discussions:
- discussion_id: rst-helicaseduf2290-host-mechanism-gap
prompt: Resolve Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 native host breadth, accession-level DUF2290/helicase
roles, the DUF2290_Pers profile relationship, and the mechanism of T7 restriction
before minting narrower Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 mechanism children.
kind: KNOWLEDGE_GAP
status: OPEN
rationale: Rousset et al. support a two-gene ATP-dependent helicase plus DUF2290
P4-hotspot system that inhibits T7 growth, and DefenseFinder represents Rst_HelicaseDUF2290
as a required two-profile model. This first system-level record leaves native
host breadth, profile-to-gene mapping, the role of the extra DUF2290_Pers HMM
profile, the molecular activities of the DUF2290 and helicase components, and
the T7 restriction mechanism unresolved.
evidence:
- reference: DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2022.02.018
snippet: 'two systems that specifically inhibit the growth of phage T7: an ATP-dependent
helicase associated with a DUF2290 protein and a HAD-like hydrolase associated
with a transmembrane protein'
notes: Rousset et al. experimentally linked an ATP-dependent helicase plus DUF2290
protein pair to specific inhibition of phage T7 growth.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: As far as we are aware, the molecular mechanism is unknown.
notes: The pinned DefenseFinder wiki page leaves the Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 molecular
mechanism unresolved.
- reference: https://gitlab.pasteur.fr/mdm-lab/wiki/-/raw/223cf269/content/3.defense-systems/rst_helicaseduf2290.md
snippet: 'The Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 is composed of 2 proteins: Helicase and DUF2290.'
notes: The pinned DefenseFinder wiki page describes Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 as a two-component
Helicase/DUF2290 system.
- reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv
snippet: "Rst_HelicaseDUF2290\tRst_HelicaseDUF2290\t2\t2\tRst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290,\
\ Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase\t\t\t"
notes: The DefenseFinder rules table models Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 as a two-profile
system requiring Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290 and Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase.
- reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
snippet: '| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290 | Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290___DUF2290 |
Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | PF10053.11 | 25 |
| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290_Pers | Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__DUF2290_Pers___DUF2290_Pers
| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | Custom | 20 |
| Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase | Rst_HelicaseDUF2290__Helicase___Helicase |
Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 | Custom | 20 |'
notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records DUF2290, DUF2290_Pers, and Helicase
profiles under Rst_HelicaseDUF2290.
attaches_to:
- causal_graphs#rst_helicaseduf2290_locus_restricts_t7
posed_by: codex
posed_date: '2026-09-27'
curation_history:
- timestamp: '2026-09-27T04:03:20Z'
curator: codex
action: MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID
changes: Minted Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 system as a DOI/stable-URL-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord
under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found
no exact live TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record; the replacement
placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v278.
llm_assisted: true
- timestamp: '2026-09-27T04:03:21Z'
curator: codex
action: REVIEW_CANONICAL_EXAMPLE_EVIDENCE_GAP
changes: Reviewed Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 during canonical-example issue 444 enforcement
and left canonical_examples empty because the sources support a cloned P4-hotspot
helicase/DUF2290 locus assayed in Escherichia coli and a DefenseFinder RefSeq
model example, but not a direct native microbial host exemplar with experimentally
verified Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 activity. No paid research was used.
llm_assisted: true
- timestamp: '2026-09-27T06:09:38Z'
curator: codex
action: EDIT
changes: Corrected the Rousset et al. replicated phage-resistance heatmap evidence
for the P4-hotspot Rst_HelicaseDUF2290 system from the Figure 5 P2 median-fold-resistance
legend to the Figure 2 P4 mean-fold-resistance legend.
llm_assisted: true