identifier: traitmech:000289 label: Veles system definition: A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a Veles locus that can protect bacteria from bacteriophage infection. definition_source: DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966 trait_category: GENOMICS term_kind: CLASS mapping_status: PROPOSED parent_traits: - traitmech:000209 synonyms: - synonym_text: Veles synonym_type: EXACT_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md - synonym_text: VlsA1 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md - synonym_text: VlsA2 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md - synonym_text: VlsB1 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md - synonym_text: VlsB2 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md - synonym_text: VlsC1 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md - synonym_text: VlsC2 synonym_type: RELATED_SYNONYM source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966 snippet: Among the remaining eight systems, six demonstrated increased resistance to at least one phage with more than 100 fold reduction in plaque forming units (PFU) (Figure 3a, Supplementary Figure 5). As Streptomyces are mostly soil dwelling bacteria, we named these systems after deities of the soil and earth (Ceres, Geb, Veles, Prithvi, Ukko and Oshun). notes: Mordret et al. directly name Veles among six Streptomyces systems that increased resistance to at least one phage. - reference: DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966 snippet: The bacterial pangenome encodes an immense array of antiphage systems, yet much of their diversity remains uncharted notes: Mordret et al. motivate a conservative system-level record that does not assert a resolved Veles trigger, effector output, or universal pathway. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: Veles | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses notes: The DefenseFinder model registry maps the named Veles system to the Mordret et al. antiphage-system discovery preprint. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsA1 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsA1 in the Veles model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsA2 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsA2 in the Veles model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsB1 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsB1 in the Veles model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsB2 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsB2 in the Veles model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsC1 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsC1 in the Veles model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsC2 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsC2 in the Veles model namespace. causal_graphs: - graph_id: veles_locus_restricts_phage title: Veles loci confer bacterial phage defense description: Conservative system-level sketch linking possession of a Veles locus to restricted bacteriophage propagation without asserting the unresolved phage trigger or molecular output. scope_status: NONMECHANISTIC scope_notes: The graph captures Veles as a named anti-phage system with VlsA1, VlsA2, VlsB1, VlsB2, VlsC1, and VlsC2 DefenseFinder HMM profile entries while leaving its phage trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype breadth unresolved. nodes: - node_id: veles_locus label: Veles locus node_type: GENETIC_ELEMENT description: A Veles anti-phage defense locus cataloged in DefenseFinder with VlsA1, VlsA2, VlsB1, VlsB2, VlsC1, and VlsC2 HMM profile entries. - node_id: restricted_phage_propagation label: restricted phage propagation node_type: BIOLOGICAL_PROCESS description: Reduced propagation of bacteriophage in cells carrying the Veles system. - node_id: veles_system_trait label: Veles system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000289 description: Possession of a genome-encoded Veles phage-defense system. - node_id: phage_defense_system label: phage defense system node_type: TRAIT grounding: traitmech:000209 description: Possession of one or more genome-encoded immune systems that inhibit bacteriophage infection. edges: - subject: veles_locus predicate: contributes to predicate_id: RO:0002326 object: restricted_phage_propagation description: DefenseFinder maps Veles to a protein- and genomic-language-model antiphage-system discovery preprint and catalogs VlsA1, VlsA2, VlsB1, VlsB2, VlsC1, and VlsC2 HMM profile entries in the Veles model namespace. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966 snippet: Among the remaining eight systems, six demonstrated increased resistance to at least one phage with more than 100 fold reduction in plaque forming units (PFU) (Figure 3a, Supplementary Figure 5). As Streptomyces are mostly soil dwelling bacteria, we named these systems after deities of the soil and earth (Ceres, Geb, Veles, Prithvi, Ukko and Oshun). notes: Mordret et al. directly name Veles among six Streptomyces systems that restricted at least one phage. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: Veles | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses notes: The DefenseFinder registry maps Veles itself to the Mordret et al. bacterial antiphage-system discovery preprint. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsA1 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsA1 in the Veles model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsA2 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsA2 in the Veles model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsB1 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsB1 in the Veles model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsB2 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsB2 in the Veles model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsC1 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsC1 in the Veles model namespace. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md snippet: Veles__VlsC2 | | Veles notes: The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records VlsC2 in the Veles model namespace. - subject: restricted_phage_propagation predicate: confers predicate_id: METPO:2007700 object: veles_system_trait description: Veles-mediated phage restriction realizes the Veles system trait. evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966 snippet: Among the remaining eight systems, six demonstrated increased resistance to at least one phage with more than 100 fold reduction in plaque forming units (PFU) (Figure 3a, Supplementary Figure 5). As Streptomyces are mostly soil dwelling bacteria, we named these systems after deities of the soil and earth (Ceres, Geb, Veles, Prithvi, Ukko and Oshun). notes: Mordret et al. directly name Veles among six systems that increased resistance to at least one phage. - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: Veles | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses notes: DefenseFinder records Veles as a named system from the Mordret et al. antiphage discovery preprint. - subject: veles_system_trait predicate: is a predicate_id: rdfs:subClassOf object: phage_defense_system description: Veles system possession is a phage-defense-system trait. evidence: - reference: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md snippet: '| Veles | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses |' notes: DefenseFinder associates Veles with the Mordret et al. bacterial antiphage-system discovery preprint. discussions: - discussion_id: veles-mechanism-gap prompt: Resolve Veles phage triggers and effector outputs before minting narrower Veles mechanism children. kind: KNOWLEDGE_GAP status: OPEN rationale: Mordret et al. and DefenseFinder support Veles as a named anti-phage system with VlsA1, VlsA2, VlsB1, VlsB2, VlsC1, and VlsC2 HMM profile entries, but the trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype-specific mechanism are not resolved enough here to assert a narrower mechanistic child trait. attaches_to: - causal_graphs#veles_locus_restricts_phage posed_by: codex posed_date: '2026-09-19' curation_history: - timestamp: '2026-09-19T18:44:49Z' curator: codex action: MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID changes: Minted Veles system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v166. llm_assisted: true