identifier: traitmech:000678 label: fungal adhesive-net trap formation definition: A morphological phenotype in which a fungus forms three-dimensional networks of interconnected hyphal loops that serve as adhesive nematode traps. definition_source: DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002179 trait_category: MORPHOLOGY term_kind: CLASS mapping_status: PROPOSED parent_traits: - traitmech:000718 evidence: - reference: DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002179 snippet: A. oligospora forms adhesive networks to capture nematodes notes: Yang et al. (2011), Author Summary, not the scientific abstract; primary XML at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC3164635/fullTextXML. Introduction, trap-formation Results, strain/proteomics Methods, actual Figure 1 and relevant Text S1 supplemental Methods were inspected. Figure 1I shows connected hyphal loops; the paper describes complex three-dimensional networks. ATCC 24927 is the reference strain. Supplemental Methods distinguish nematode-extract induction on vegetative hyphae from subsequent live-nematode interaction assays. Formation, adhesion, capture, penetration and digestion are separate observations. No universal induction medium, prey species or capture efficacy is inferred. Proteomic correlations are not treated as a causal gene requirement. - reference: DOI:10.3390/jof8070671 snippet: Captures nematodes with adhesive networks. notes: Zhang et al. (2022; published 26 June), Results 3.2 Taxonomy, Arthrobotrys eryuanensis description; primary XML at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9317614/fullTextXML. Isolation/observation Methods, all six species descriptions and actual Figure 2 were inspected. Figure 2i shows the adhesive network, not time-resolved capture or adhesion kinetics. Holotype CGMCC3.19715 (Figure 2) and ex-type culture DLUCC 14-1 are distinguished by the authors. The material originated from freshwater sediment at Xihu Lake, Eryuan, Yunnan, China, collected 20 June 2014. Repeated spore transfers established pure cultures; corn meal agar observation at 26 degrees C with Panagrellus redivivus induced traps. These are study conditions, not universal requirements. The other newly described soil/sediment taxa provide context, not a universal genus-level phenotype assertion. canonical_examples: - taxon_id: NCBITaxon:756982 taxon_label: Orbilia oligospora ATCC 24927 reference: DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002179 note: Source-named Arthrobotrys oligospora ATCC 24927. Yang et al. Methods identify the purchased ATCC strain as originally isolated from soil in Sweden. Live https://www.atcc.org/products/24927 independently confirms environmental soil origin and Sweden; it lists Arthrobotrys oligospora as the former name. Live NCBI https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=taxonomy&id=756982 resolves rank strain with the exact label Orbilia oligospora ATCC 24927. This unperturbed natural-origin reference strain is qualified by the reported induction conditions, not every isolate or field biocontrol efficacy. The 2011 paper's O. auricolor teleomorph wording is not imported as a current taxonomic equivalence or synonym. discussions: - discussion_id: adhesive-net-scope-and-parent prompt: Resolve a closer fungal trap-morphology parent. kind: CURATION_TODO status: RESOLVED rationale: Phenotype METPO:1000059 is a broad parent. Existing mycelial growth traitmech:000074 explicitly concerns bacteria; hyphal anastomosis traitmech:000605 concerns cytoplasmic fusion, not trap identity. A Hartig net is a plant-root interface, not a prey trap. Exclude generic mycelial networks, biofilms, standalone adhesive rings, knobs and columns, mechanically constricting rings, and individual-cell ring shape. Adhesive nets are multicellular loop networks; generic nematophagy or a fungal genus is not an exact synonym. Network formation does not alone demonstrate adhesion or successful capture under all conditions. No exact synonyms, xrefs, SSSOM equivalences or organism-level disjointness are asserted; closer hierarchy remains open. posed_by: codex posed_date: '2026-10-08' resolved_date: '2026-10-13' resolution_note: Added fungal nematode-trap formation traitmech:000718 as the direct broader phenotype. The existing child definition entails specialized hyphal trap differentiation. This resolves only the parent gap; the historical scope contrasts, unasserted mappings, examples and separate mechanism questions remain applicable. Formation does not guarantee immediate capture. The column cell-count question is separately OPEN. Preserve the historical phenotype axiom and add METPO:1063100 SubClassOf METPO:1067100 on upstream adoption. - discussion_id: adhesive-net-mechanism prompt: Separate network morphogenesis from adhesion and predation mechanisms. kind: KNOWLEDGE_GAP status: OPEN rationale: The 2011 genomic/proteomic study contains mechanistic leads, but expression changes alone do not establish necessary or sufficient gene effects. Protein-resolved causal graphs require perturbation/complementation evidence, relevant remaining figures/supplements and taxon-paired accessions. Formation, adhesion, capture, penetration and digestion must remain separate endpoints. No universal lectin, signaling or fusion-gene requirement is asserted; mechanism is deferred, not claimed absent. Sequence annotation or taxonomic membership alone does not establish this phenotype. posed_by: codex posed_date: '2026-10-08' curation_history: - timestamp: '2026-10-08T10:25:48Z' curator: codex action: MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID changes: Added fungal adhesive-net trap formation with two primary DOI sources, source-checked snippets and a natural-origin strain example. Ignored-and-hidden main/worktree/open-PR checks support 000678 and v554 block 1063100-1063199. Separated morphology from adhesion/capture and sequence-derived mechanism hypotheses; existing records unchanged. Corrected draft holotype/ex-type provenance before generation (#1825). Timestamp is observed UTC. llm_assisted: true - timestamp: '2026-10-13T13:31:56Z' curator: codex action: REFINE_FUNGAL_TRAP_PARENT changes: Refined traitmech:000678 below fungal nematode-trap formation traitmech:000718 and resolved its temporary parent discussion by definition-based inference. Preserved child identity, definition, evidence, examples, mechanism gaps and earlier history. llm_assisted: true