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i=e.geoCentroid({type:"MultiPoint",coordinates:[t,r,n]}),a=[-i[0],-i[1]],o=e.geoRotation(a),s=at(ot(o(t)),ot(o(r)),ot(o(n)));s.invert=H(s);var l=e.geoProjection(s).rotate(a),c=l.center;return delete l.rotate,l.center=function(t){return arguments.length?c(o(t)):o.invert(c())},l.clipAngle(90)}function lt(t,e){var r=L(1-m(e));return[2/T*t*r,T*(1-r)]}function ct(t){var e=g(t);function r(t,r){return[t,(t?t/m(t):1)*(m(r)*o(t)-e*o(r))]}return r.invert=e?function(t,r){t&&(r*=m(t)/t);var n=o(t);return[t,2*a(L(n*n+e*e-r*r)-n,e-r)]}:function(t,e){return[t,S(t?e*g(t)/t:e)]},r}lt.invert=function(t,e){var r=(r=e/T-1)*r;return[r>0?t*L(y/r)/2:0,S(1-r)]};var ut=L(3);function ft(t,e){return[ut*t*(2*o(2*e/3)-1)/T,ut*T*m(e/3)]}function ht(t){var e=o(t);function r(t,r){return[t*e,m(r)/e]}return r.invert=function(t,r){return[t/e,S(r*e)]},r}function pt(t){var e=o(t);function r(t,r){return[t*e,(1+e)*g(r/2)]}return r.invert=function(t,r){return[t/e,2*i(r/(1+e))]},r}function dt(t,e){var r=L(8/(3*y));return[r*t*(1-n(e)/y),r*e]}function mt(t,e){var r=L(4-3*m(n(e)));return[2/L(6*y)*t*r,d(e)*L(2*y/3)*(2-r)]}function gt(t,e){var r=L(y*(4+y));return[2/r*t*(1+L(1-4*e*e/(y*y))),4/r*e]}function vt(t,e){var r=(2+x)*m(e);e/=2;for(var i=0,a=1/0;i<10&&n(a)>v;i++){var s=o(e);e-=a=(e+m(e)*(s+2)-r)/(2*s*(1+s))}return[2/L(y*(4+y))*t*(1+o(e)),2*L(y/(4+y))*m(e)]}function yt(t,e){return[t*(1+o(e))/L(2+y),2*e/L(2+y)]}function xt(t,e){for(var r=(1+x)*m(e),i=0,a=1/0;i<10&&n(a)>v;i++)e-=a=(e+m(e)-r)/(1+o(e));return r=L(2+y),[t*(1+o(e))/r,2*e/r]}ft.invert=function(t,e){var r=3*S(e/(ut*T));return[T*t/(ut*(2*o(2*r/3)-1)),r]},dt.invert=function(t,e){var r=L(8/(3*y)),i=e/r;return[t/(r*(1-n(i)/y)),i]},mt.invert=function(t,e){var r=2-n(e)/L(2*y/3);return[t*L(6*y)/(2*r),d(e)*S((4-r*r)/3)]},gt.invert=function(t,e){var r=L(y*(4+y))/2;return[t*r/(1+L(1-e*e*(4+y)/(4*y))),e*r/2]},vt.invert=function(t,e){var r=e*L((4+y)/y)/2,n=S(r),i=o(n);return[t/(2/L(y*(4+y))*(1+i)),S((n+r*(i+2))/(2+x))]},yt.invert=function(t,e){var r=L(2+y),n=e*r/2;return[r*t/(1+o(n)),n]},xt.invert=function(t,e){var r=1+x,n=L(r/2);return[2*t*n/(1+o(e*=n)),S((e+m(e))/r)]};var bt=3+2*w;function _t(t,e){var r=m(t/=2),n=o(t),a=L(o(e)),s=o(e/=2),l=m(e)/(s+w*n*a),u=L(2/(1+l*l)),f=L((w*s+(n+r)*a)/(w*s+(n-r)*a));return[bt*(u*(f-1/f)-2*c(f)),bt*(u*l*(f+1/f)-2*i(l))]}_t.invert=function(t,e){if(!(r=D.invert(t/1.2,1.065*e)))return null;var r,a=r[0],s=r[1],l=20;t/=bt,e/=bt;do{var h=a/2,p=s/2,d=m(h),g=o(h),y=m(p),b=o(p),T=o(s),k=L(T),A=y/(b+w*g*k),M=A*A,S=L(2/(1+M)),E=(w*b+(g+d)*k)/(w*b+(g-d)*k),C=L(E),P=C-1/C,I=C+1/C,O=S*P-2*c(C)-t,z=S*A*I-2*i(A)-e,R=y&&_*k*d*M/y,F=(w*g*b+k)/(2*(b+w*g*k)*(b+w*g*k)*k),B=-.5*A*S*S*S,N=B*R,j=B*F,U=(U=2*b+w*k*(g-d))*U*C,V=(w*g*b*k+T)/U,H=-w*d*y/(k*U),q=P*N-2*V/C+S*(V+V/E),G=P*j-2*H/C+S*(H+H/E),Y=A*I*N-2*R/(1+M)+S*I*R+S*A*(V-V/E),W=A*I*j-2*F/(1+M)+S*I*F+S*A*(H-H/E),Z=G*Y-W*q;if(!Z)break;var 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b=g*g,_=t+b*(e+b*(r+b*i)),w=g*(a-1+b*(s-c+b*l)),T=_*_+w*w,k=2*w,A=T/k,M=A*A,E=S(_/A)/y,C=d*E,P=_*_,I=(2*e+b*(4*r+6*b*i))*g,O=a+b*(3*s+5*b*l),z=(2*(_*I+w*(O-1))*k-T*(2*(O-1)))/(k*k),D=o(C),R=m(C),F=A*D,B=A*R,N=d/y*(1/L(1-P/M))*(I*A-_*z)/M,j=B-u,U=g*(1+b*c)+A-F-f,V=z*R+F*N,H=F*E,q=1+z-(z*D-B*N),G=B*E,Y=V*G-q*H;if(!Y)break;d-=h=(U*V-j*q)/Y,g-=p=(j*G-U*H)/Y}while((n(h)>v||n(p)>v)&&--x>0);return[d,g]},u}Tt.invert=function(t,e){var r=e/(1+wt);return[t&&t/(wt*L(1-r*r)),2*i(r)]},kt.invert=function(t,e){var r=i(e/T),n=o(r),a=2*r;return[t*T/2/(o(a)*n*n),a]};var It=Pt(2.8284,-1.6988,.75432,-.18071,1.76003,-.38914,.042555);var Ot=Pt(2.583819,-.835827,.170354,-.038094,1.543313,-.411435,.082742);var zt=Pt(5/6*y,-.62636,-.0344,0,1.3493,-.05524,0,.045);function Dt(t,e){var r=t*t,n=e*e;return[t*(1-.162388*n)*(.87-952426e-9*r*r),e*(1+n/12)]}Dt.invert=function(t,e){var r,i=t,a=e,o=50;do{var s=a*a;a-=r=(a*(1+s/12)-e)/(1+s/4)}while(n(r)>v&&--o>0);o=50,t/=1-.162388*s;do{var 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n(t);f=m-_,h=g-w,p=v-T,d=1/Math.sqrt(f*f+h*h+p*p),a=x*(p*=d)-b*(h*=d),o=b*(f*=d)-y*p,s=y*h-x*f,(d=Math.sqrt(a*a+o*o+s*s))?(a*=d=1/d,o*=d,s*=d):(a=0,o=0,s=0);l=h*s-p*o,c=p*a-f*s,u=f*o-h*a,(d=Math.sqrt(l*l+c*c+u*u))?(l*=d=1/d,c*=d,u*=d):(l=0,c=0,u=0);return t[0]=a,t[1]=l,t[2]=f,t[3]=0,t[4]=o,t[5]=c,t[6]=h,t[7]=0,t[8]=s,t[9]=u,t[10]=p,t[11]=0,t[12]=-(a*m+o*g+s*v),t[13]=-(l*m+c*g+u*v),t[14]=-(f*m+h*g+p*v),t[15]=1,t}},{"./identity":209}],213:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=e[0],i=e[1],a=e[2],o=e[3],s=e[4],l=e[5],c=e[6],u=e[7],f=e[8],h=e[9],p=e[10],d=e[11],m=e[12],g=e[13],v=e[14],y=e[15],x=r[0],b=r[1],_=r[2],w=r[3];return t[0]=x*n+b*s+_*f+w*m,t[1]=x*i+b*l+_*h+w*g,t[2]=x*a+b*c+_*p+w*v,t[3]=x*o+b*u+_*d+w*y,x=r[4],b=r[5],_=r[6],w=r[7],t[4]=x*n+b*s+_*f+w*m,t[5]=x*i+b*l+_*h+w*g,t[6]=x*a+b*c+_*p+w*v,t[7]=x*o+b*u+_*d+w*y,x=r[8],b=r[9],_=r[10],w=r[11],t[8]=x*n+b*s+_*f+w*m,t[9]=x*i+b*l+_*h+w*g,t[10]=x*a+b*c+_*p+w*v,t[11]=x*o+b*u+_*d+w*y,x=r[12],b=r[13],_=r[14],w=r[15],t[12]=x*n+b*s+_*f+w*m,t[13]=x*i+b*l+_*h+w*g,t[14]=x*a+b*c+_*p+w*v,t[15]=x*o+b*u+_*d+w*y,t}},{}],214:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=1/(e-r),l=1/(n-i),c=1/(a-o);return t[0]=-2*s,t[1]=0,t[2]=0,t[3]=0,t[4]=0,t[5]=-2*l,t[6]=0,t[7]=0,t[8]=0,t[9]=0,t[10]=2*c,t[11]=0,t[12]=(e+r)*s,t[13]=(i+n)*l,t[14]=(o+a)*c,t[15]=1,t}},{}],215:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=1/Math.tan(e/2),o=1/(n-i);return t[0]=a/r,t[1]=0,t[2]=0,t[3]=0,t[4]=0,t[5]=a,t[6]=0,t[7]=0,t[8]=0,t[9]=0,t[10]=(i+n)*o,t[11]=-1,t[12]=0,t[13]=0,t[14]=2*i*n*o,t[15]=0,t}},{}],216:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r,n){var i=Math.tan(e.upDegrees*Math.PI/180),a=Math.tan(e.downDegrees*Math.PI/180),o=Math.tan(e.leftDegrees*Math.PI/180),s=Math.tan(e.rightDegrees*Math.PI/180),l=2/(o+s),c=2/(i+a);return t[0]=l,t[1]=0,t[2]=0,t[3]=0,t[4]=0,t[5]=c,t[6]=0,t[7]=0,t[8]=-(o-s)*l*.5,t[9]=(i-a)*c*.5,t[10]=n/(r-n),t[11]=-1,t[12]=0,t[13]=0,t[14]=n*r/(r-n),t[15]=0,t}},{}],217:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r,n){var i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m,g,v,y,x,b,_,w,T,k,A,M,S,E=n[0],L=n[1],C=n[2],P=Math.sqrt(E*E+L*L+C*C);if(Math.abs(P)<1e-6)return null;E*=P=1/P,L*=P,C*=P,i=Math.sin(r),a=Math.cos(r),o=1-a,s=e[0],l=e[1],c=e[2],u=e[3],f=e[4],h=e[5],p=e[6],d=e[7],m=e[8],g=e[9],v=e[10],y=e[11],x=E*E*o+a,b=L*E*o+C*i,_=C*E*o-L*i,w=E*L*o-C*i,T=L*L*o+a,k=C*L*o+E*i,A=E*C*o+L*i,M=L*C*o-E*i,S=C*C*o+a,t[0]=s*x+f*b+m*_,t[1]=l*x+h*b+g*_,t[2]=c*x+p*b+v*_,t[3]=u*x+d*b+y*_,t[4]=s*w+f*T+m*k,t[5]=l*w+h*T+g*k,t[6]=c*w+p*T+v*k,t[7]=u*w+d*T+y*k,t[8]=s*A+f*M+m*S,t[9]=l*A+h*M+g*S,t[10]=c*A+p*M+v*S,t[11]=u*A+d*M+y*S,e!==t&&(t[12]=e[12],t[13]=e[13],t[14]=e[14],t[15]=e[15]);return t}},{}],218:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=Math.sin(r),i=Math.cos(r),a=e[4],o=e[5],s=e[6],l=e[7],c=e[8],u=e[9],f=e[10],h=e[11];e!==t&&(t[0]=e[0],t[1]=e[1],t[2]=e[2],t[3]=e[3],t[12]=e[12],t[13]=e[13],t[14]=e[14],t[15]=e[15]);return t[4]=a*i+c*n,t[5]=o*i+u*n,t[6]=s*i+f*n,t[7]=l*i+h*n,t[8]=c*i-a*n,t[9]=u*i-o*n,t[10]=f*i-s*n,t[11]=h*i-l*n,t}},{}],219:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=Math.sin(r),i=Math.cos(r),a=e[0],o=e[1],s=e[2],l=e[3],c=e[8],u=e[9],f=e[10],h=e[11];e!==t&&(t[4]=e[4],t[5]=e[5],t[6]=e[6],t[7]=e[7],t[12]=e[12],t[13]=e[13],t[14]=e[14],t[15]=e[15]);return t[0]=a*i-c*n,t[1]=o*i-u*n,t[2]=s*i-f*n,t[3]=l*i-h*n,t[8]=a*n+c*i,t[9]=o*n+u*i,t[10]=s*n+f*i,t[11]=l*n+h*i,t}},{}],220:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=Math.sin(r),i=Math.cos(r),a=e[0],o=e[1],s=e[2],l=e[3],c=e[4],u=e[5],f=e[6],h=e[7];e!==t&&(t[8]=e[8],t[9]=e[9],t[10]=e[10],t[11]=e[11],t[12]=e[12],t[13]=e[13],t[14]=e[14],t[15]=e[15]);return t[0]=a*i+c*n,t[1]=o*i+u*n,t[2]=s*i+f*n,t[3]=l*i+h*n,t[4]=c*i-a*n,t[5]=u*i-o*n,t[6]=f*i-s*n,t[7]=h*i-l*n,t}},{}],221:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=r[0],i=r[1],a=r[2];return t[0]=e[0]*n,t[1]=e[1]*n,t[2]=e[2]*n,t[3]=e[3]*n,t[4]=e[4]*i,t[5]=e[5]*i,t[6]=e[6]*i,t[7]=e[7]*i,t[8]=e[8]*a,t[9]=e[9]*a,t[10]=e[10]*a,t[11]=e[11]*a,t[12]=e[12],t[13]=e[13],t[14]=e[14],t[15]=e[15],t}},{}],222:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t){return"mat4("+t[0]+", "+t[1]+", "+t[2]+", "+t[3]+", "+t[4]+", "+t[5]+", "+t[6]+", "+t[7]+", "+t[8]+", "+t[9]+", "+t[10]+", "+t[11]+", "+t[12]+", "+t[13]+", "+t[14]+", "+t[15]+")"}},{}],223:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m=r[0],g=r[1],v=r[2];e===t?(t[12]=e[0]*m+e[4]*g+e[8]*v+e[12],t[13]=e[1]*m+e[5]*g+e[9]*v+e[13],t[14]=e[2]*m+e[6]*g+e[10]*v+e[14],t[15]=e[3]*m+e[7]*g+e[11]*v+e[15]):(n=e[0],i=e[1],a=e[2],o=e[3],s=e[4],l=e[5],c=e[6],u=e[7],f=e[8],h=e[9],p=e[10],d=e[11],t[0]=n,t[1]=i,t[2]=a,t[3]=o,t[4]=s,t[5]=l,t[6]=c,t[7]=u,t[8]=f,t[9]=h,t[10]=p,t[11]=d,t[12]=n*m+s*g+f*v+e[12],t[13]=i*m+l*g+h*v+e[13],t[14]=a*m+c*g+p*v+e[14],t[15]=o*m+u*g+d*v+e[15]);return t}},{}],224:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e){if(t===e){var r=e[1],n=e[2],i=e[3],a=e[6],o=e[7],s=e[11];t[1]=e[4],t[2]=e[8],t[3]=e[12],t[4]=r,t[6]=e[9],t[7]=e[13],t[8]=n,t[9]=a,t[11]=e[14],t[12]=i,t[13]=o,t[14]=s}else t[0]=e[0],t[1]=e[4],t[2]=e[8],t[3]=e[12],t[4]=e[1],t[5]=e[5],t[6]=e[9],t[7]=e[13],t[8]=e[2],t[9]=e[6],t[10]=e[10],t[11]=e[14],t[12]=e[3],t[13]=e[7],t[14]=e[11],t[15]=e[15];return t}},{}],225:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("css-font"),i=t("pick-by-alias"),a=t("regl"),o=t("gl-util/context"),s=t("es6-weak-map"),l=t("color-normalize"),c=t("font-atlas"),u=t("typedarray-pool"),f=t("parse-rect"),h=t("is-plain-obj"),p=t("parse-unit"),d=t("to-px"),m=t("detect-kerning"),g=t("object-assign"),v=t("font-measure"),y=t("flatten-vertex-data"),x=t("bit-twiddle").nextPow2,b=new s,_=!1;if(document.body){var w=document.body.appendChild(document.createElement("div"));w.style.font="italic small-caps bold condensed 16px/2 cursive",getComputedStyle(w).fontStretch&&(_=!0),document.body.removeChild(w)}var T=function(t){!function(t){return"function"==typeof t&&t._gl&&t.prop&&t.texture&&t.buffer}(t)?this.gl=o(t):(t={regl:t},this.gl=t.regl._gl),this.shader=b.get(this.gl),this.shader?this.regl=this.shader.regl:this.regl=t.regl||a({gl:this.gl}),this.charBuffer=this.regl.buffer({type:"uint8",usage:"stream"}),this.sizeBuffer=this.regl.buffer({type:"float",usage:"stream"}),this.shader||(this.shader=this.createShader(),b.set(this.gl,this.shader)),this.batch=[],this.fontSize=[],this.font=[],this.fontAtlas=[],this.draw=this.shader.draw.bind(this),this.render=function(){this.regl._refresh(),this.draw(this.batch)},this.canvas=this.gl.canvas,this.update(h(t)?t:{})};T.prototype.createShader=function(){var t=this.regl,e=t({blend:{enable:!0,color:[0,0,0,1],func:{srcRGB:"src alpha",dstRGB:"one minus src alpha",srcAlpha:"one minus dst 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maskY;\n\t\t\t\tcolor.a *= opacity;\n\n\t\t\t\t// color.a += .1;\n\n\t\t\t\t// antialiasing, see yiq color space y-channel formula\n\t\t\t\t// color.rgb += (1. - color.rgb) * (1. - mask.rgb);\n\n\t\t\t\tgl_FragColor = color;\n\t\t\t}"});return{regl:t,draw:e,atlas:{}}},T.prototype.update=function(t){var e=this;if("string"==typeof t)t={text:t};else if(!t)return;null!=(t=i(t,{position:"position positions coord coords coordinates",font:"font fontFace fontface typeface cssFont css-font family fontFamily",fontSize:"fontSize fontsize size font-size",text:"text texts chars characters value values symbols",align:"align alignment textAlign textbaseline",baseline:"baseline textBaseline textbaseline",direction:"dir direction textDirection",color:"color colour fill fill-color fillColor textColor textcolor",kerning:"kerning kern",range:"range dataBox",viewport:"vp viewport viewBox viewbox viewPort",opacity:"opacity alpha transparency visible visibility opaque",offset:"offset positionOffset padding 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sn(t){if(null==t)return{filter:function(){return!0},needGeometry:!1};an(t)||(t=cn(t));var e=Wr(t,on);if("error"===e.result)throw new Error(e.value.map((function(t){return t.key+": "+t.message})).join(", "));return{filter:function(t,r,n){return e.value.evaluate(t,r,{},n)},needGeometry:function t(e){if(!Array.isArray(e))return!1;if("within"===e[0])return!0;for(var r=1;r<e.length;r++)if(t(e[r]))return!0;return!1}(t)}}function ln(t,e){return t<e?-1:t>e?1:0}function cn(t){if(!t)return!0;var e,r=t[0];return t.length<=1?"any"!==r:"=="===r?un(t[1],t[2],"=="):"!="===r?pn(un(t[1],t[2],"==")):"<"===r||">"===r||"<="===r||">="===r?un(t[1],t[2],r):"any"===r?(e=t.slice(1),["any"].concat(e.map(cn))):"all"===r?["all"].concat(t.slice(1).map(cn)):"none"===r?["all"].concat(t.slice(1).map(cn).map(pn)):"in"===r?fn(t[1],t.slice(2)):"!in"===r?pn(fn(t[1],t.slice(2))):"has"===r?hn(t[1]):"!has"===r?pn(hn(t[1])):"within"!==r||t}function 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Ct(n,r,'filter array for "'+r[0]+'" operator must have 2 elements')):"string"!==i&&o.push(new Ct(n+"[1]",r[1],"string expected, "+i+" found"));break;case"within":i=Fr(r[1]),2!==r.length?o.push(new Ct(n,r,'filter array for "'+r[0]+'" operator must have 2 elements')):"object"!==i&&o.push(new Ct(n+"[1]",r[1],"object expected, "+i+" found"))}return o}(t)}function mn(t,e){var r=t.key,n=t.style,i=t.styleSpec,a=t.value,o=t.objectKey,s=i[e+"_"+t.layerType];if(!s)return[];var l=o.match(/^(.*)-transition$/);if("paint"===e&&l&&s[l[1]]&&s[l[1]].transition)return kn({key:r,value:a,valueSpec:i.transition,style:n,styleSpec:i});var c,u=t.valueSpec||s[o];if(!u)return[new Ct(r,a,'unknown property "'+o+'"')];if("string"===Fr(a)&&zr(u)&&!u.tokens&&(c=/^{([^}]+)}$/.exec(a)))return[new Ct(r,a,'"'+o+'" does not support interpolation syntax\nUse an identity property function instead: `{ "type": "identity", "property": '+JSON.stringify(c[1])+" }`.")];var 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e.push(new Ct(n,r,'missing required property "source"'));return e=e.concat(Qr({key:n,value:r,valueSpec:a.layer,style:t.style,styleSpec:t.styleSpec,objectElementValidators:{"*":function(){return[]},type:function(){return kn({key:n+".type",value:r.type,valueSpec:a.layer.type,style:t.style,styleSpec:t.styleSpec,object:r,objectKey:"type"})},filter:dn,layout:function(t){return Qr({layer:r,key:t.key,value:t.value,style:t.style,styleSpec:t.styleSpec,objectElementValidators:{"*":function(t){return vn(It({layerType:s},t))}}})},paint:function(t){return Qr({layer:r,key:t.key,value:t.value,style:t.style,styleSpec:t.styleSpec,objectElementValidators:{"*":function(t){return gn(It({layerType:s},t))}}})}}}))}function xn(t){var e=t.value,r=t.key,n=Fr(e);return"string"!==n?[new Ct(r,e,"string expected, "+n+" found")]:[]}var bn={promoteId:function(t){var e=t.key,r=t.value;if("string"===Fr(r))return xn({key:e,value:r});var n=[];for(var i in r)n.push.apply(n,xn({key:e+"."+i,value:r[i]}));return 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i=this._transitionablePaint._values[t],a="cross-faded-data-driven"===i.property.specification["property-type"],o=i.value.isDataDriven(),s=i.value;this._transitionablePaint.setValue(t,e),this._handleSpecialPaintPropertyUpdate(t);var l=this._transitionablePaint._values[t].value;return l.isDataDriven()||o||a||this._handleOverridablePaintPropertyUpdate(t,s,l)},e.prototype._handleSpecialPaintPropertyUpdate=function(t){},e.prototype._handleOverridablePaintPropertyUpdate=function(t,e,r){return!1},e.prototype.isHidden=function(t){return!!(this.minzoom&&t<this.minzoom)||(!!(this.maxzoom&&t>=this.maxzoom)||"none"===this.visibility)},e.prototype.updateTransitions=function(t){this._transitioningPaint=this._transitionablePaint.transitioned(t,this._transitioningPaint)},e.prototype.hasTransition=function(){return this._transitioningPaint.hasTransition()},e.prototype.recalculate=function(t,e){t.getCrossfadeParameters&&(this._crossfadeParameters=t.getCrossfadeParameters()),this._unevaluatedLayout&&(this.layout=this._unevaluatedLayout.possiblyEvaluate(t,void 0,e)),this.paint=this._transitioningPaint.possiblyEvaluate(t,void 0,e)},e.prototype.serialize=function(){var t={id:this.id,type:this.type,source:this.source,"source-layer":this.sourceLayer,metadata:this.metadata,minzoom:this.minzoom,maxzoom:this.maxzoom,filter:this.filter,layout:this._unevaluatedLayout&&this._unevaluatedLayout.serialize(),paint:this._transitionablePaint&&this._transitionablePaint.serialize()};return this.visibility&&(t.layout=t.layout||{},t.layout.visibility=this.visibility),y(t,(function(t,e){return!(void 0===t||"layout"===e&&!Object.keys(t).length||"paint"===e&&!Object.keys(t).length)}))},e.prototype._validate=function(t,e,r,n,i){return void 0===i&&(i={}),(!i||!1!==i.validate)&&On(this,t.call(Ln,{key:e,layerType:this.type,objectKey:r,value:n,styleSpec:Lt,style:{glyphs:!0,sprite:!0}}))},e.prototype.is3D=function(){return!1},e.prototype.isTileClipped=function(){return!1},e.prototype.hasOffscreenPass=function(){return!1},e.prototype.resize=function(){},e.prototype.isStateDependent=function(){for(var t in this.paint._values){var e=this.paint.get(t);if(e instanceof bi&&zr(e.property.specification)&&(("source"===e.value.kind||"composite"===e.value.kind)&&e.value.isStateDependent))return!0}return!1},e}(Et),Li={Int8:Int8Array,Uint8:Uint8Array,Int16:Int16Array,Uint16:Uint16Array,Int32:Int32Array,Uint32:Uint32Array,Float32:Float32Array},Ci=function(t,e){this._structArray=t,this._pos1=e*this.size,this._pos2=this._pos1/2,this._pos4=this._pos1/4,this._pos8=this._pos1/8},Pi=function(){this.isTransferred=!1,this.capacity=-1,this.resize(0)};function Ii(t,e){void 0===e&&(e=1);var r=0,n=0;return{members:t.map((function(t){var i,a=(i=t.type,Li[i].BYTES_PER_ELEMENT),o=r=Oi(r,Math.max(e,a)),s=t.components||1;return n=Math.max(n,a),r+=a*s,{name:t.name,type:t.type,components:s,offset:o}})),size:Oi(r,Math.max(n,e)),alignment:e}}function Oi(t,e){return Math.ceil(t/e)*e}Pi.serialize=function(t,e){return t._trim(),e&&(t.isTransferred=!0,e.push(t.arrayBuffer)),{length:t.length,arrayBuffer:t.arrayBuffer}},Pi.deserialize=function(t){var e=Object.create(this.prototype);return e.arrayBuffer=t.arrayBuffer,e.length=t.length,e.capacity=t.arrayBuffer.byteLength/e.bytesPerElement,e._refreshViews(),e},Pi.prototype._trim=function(){this.length!==this.capacity&&(this.capacity=this.length,this.arrayBuffer=this.arrayBuffer.slice(0,this.length*this.bytesPerElement),this._refreshViews())},Pi.prototype.clear=function(){this.length=0},Pi.prototype.resize=function(t){this.reserve(t),this.length=t},Pi.prototype.reserve=function(t){if(t>this.capacity){this.capacity=Math.max(t,Math.floor(5*this.capacity),128),this.arrayBuffer=new ArrayBuffer(this.capacity*this.bytesPerElement);var e=this.uint8;this._refreshViews(),e&&this.uint8.set(e)}},Pi.prototype._refreshViews=function(){throw new Error("_refreshViews() must be implemented by each concrete StructArray layout")};var zi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e){var r=this.length;return this.resize(r+1),this.emplace(r,t,e)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r){var n=2*t;return this.int16[n+0]=e,this.int16[n+1]=r,t},e}(Pi);zi.prototype.bytesPerElement=4,Nn("StructArrayLayout2i4",zi);var Di=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n){var i=this.length;return this.resize(i+1),this.emplace(i,t,e,r,n)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=4*t;return this.int16[a+0]=e,this.int16[a+1]=r,this.int16[a+2]=n,this.int16[a+3]=i,t},e}(Pi);Di.prototype.bytesPerElement=8,Nn("StructArrayLayout4i8",Di);var Ri=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=this.length;return this.resize(o+1),this.emplace(o,t,e,r,n,i,a)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=6*t;return this.int16[s+0]=e,this.int16[s+1]=r,this.int16[s+2]=n,this.int16[s+3]=i,this.int16[s+4]=a,this.int16[s+5]=o,t},e}(Pi);Ri.prototype.bytesPerElement=12,Nn("StructArrayLayout2i4i12",Ri);var Fi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=this.length;return this.resize(o+1),this.emplace(o,t,e,r,n,i,a)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=4*t,l=8*t;return this.int16[s+0]=e,this.int16[s+1]=r,this.uint8[l+4]=n,this.uint8[l+5]=i,this.uint8[l+6]=a,this.uint8[l+7]=o,t},e}(Pi);Fi.prototype.bytesPerElement=8,Nn("StructArrayLayout2i4ub8",Fi);var Bi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint16=new Uint16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c){var u=this.length;return this.resize(u+1),this.emplace(u,t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u){var f=9*t,h=18*t;return this.uint16[f+0]=e,this.uint16[f+1]=r,this.uint16[f+2]=n,this.uint16[f+3]=i,this.uint16[f+4]=a,this.uint16[f+5]=o,this.uint16[f+6]=s,this.uint16[f+7]=l,this.uint8[h+16]=c,this.uint8[h+17]=u,t},e}(Pi);Bi.prototype.bytesPerElement=18,Nn("StructArrayLayout8ui2ub18",Bi);var Ni=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint16=new Uint16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f){var h=this.length;return this.resize(h+1),this.emplace(h,t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h){var p=12*t;return this.int16[p+0]=e,this.int16[p+1]=r,this.int16[p+2]=n,this.int16[p+3]=i,this.uint16[p+4]=a,this.uint16[p+5]=o,this.uint16[p+6]=s,this.uint16[p+7]=l,this.int16[p+8]=c,this.int16[p+9]=u,this.int16[p+10]=f,this.int16[p+11]=h,t},e}(Pi);Ni.prototype.bytesPerElement=24,Nn("StructArrayLayout4i4ui4i24",Ni);var ji=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.float32=new Float32Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r){var n=this.length;return this.resize(n+1),this.emplace(n,t,e,r)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n){var i=3*t;return this.float32[i+0]=e,this.float32[i+1]=r,this.float32[i+2]=n,t},e}(Pi);ji.prototype.bytesPerElement=12,Nn("StructArrayLayout3f12",ji);var Ui=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint32=new Uint32Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t){var e=this.length;return this.resize(e+1),this.emplace(e,t)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e){var r=1*t;return this.uint32[r+0]=e,t},e}(Pi);Ui.prototype.bytesPerElement=4,Nn("StructArrayLayout1ul4",Ui);var Vi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint32=new Uint32Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint16=new Uint16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l){var c=this.length;return this.resize(c+1),this.emplace(c,t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c){var u=10*t,f=5*t;return this.int16[u+0]=e,this.int16[u+1]=r,this.int16[u+2]=n,this.int16[u+3]=i,this.int16[u+4]=a,this.int16[u+5]=o,this.uint32[f+3]=s,this.uint16[u+8]=l,this.uint16[u+9]=c,t},e}(Pi);Vi.prototype.bytesPerElement=20,Nn("StructArrayLayout6i1ul2ui20",Vi);var Hi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=this.length;return this.resize(o+1),this.emplace(o,t,e,r,n,i,a)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=6*t;return this.int16[s+0]=e,this.int16[s+1]=r,this.int16[s+2]=n,this.int16[s+3]=i,this.int16[s+4]=a,this.int16[s+5]=o,t},e}(Pi);Hi.prototype.bytesPerElement=12,Nn("StructArrayLayout2i2i2i12",Hi);var qi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.float32=new Float32Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=this.length;return this.resize(a+1),this.emplace(a,t,e,r,n,i)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=4*t,s=8*t;return this.float32[o+0]=e,this.float32[o+1]=r,this.float32[o+2]=n,this.int16[s+6]=i,this.int16[s+7]=a,t},e}(Pi);qi.prototype.bytesPerElement=16,Nn("StructArrayLayout2f1f2i16",qi);var Gi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.float32=new Float32Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n){var i=this.length;return this.resize(i+1),this.emplace(i,t,e,r,n)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=12*t,o=3*t;return this.uint8[a+0]=e,this.uint8[a+1]=r,this.float32[o+1]=n,this.float32[o+2]=i,t},e}(Pi);Gi.prototype.bytesPerElement=12,Nn("StructArrayLayout2ub2f12",Gi);var Yi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint16=new Uint16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r){var n=this.length;return this.resize(n+1),this.emplace(n,t,e,r)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n){var i=3*t;return this.uint16[i+0]=e,this.uint16[i+1]=r,this.uint16[i+2]=n,t},e}(Pi);Yi.prototype.bytesPerElement=6,Nn("StructArrayLayout3ui6",Yi);var Wi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint16=new Uint16Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint32=new Uint32Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.float32=new Float32Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m,g){var v=this.length;return this.resize(v+1),this.emplace(v,t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m,g)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m,g,v){var y=24*t,x=12*t,b=48*t;return this.int16[y+0]=e,this.int16[y+1]=r,this.uint16[y+2]=n,this.uint16[y+3]=i,this.uint32[x+2]=a,this.uint32[x+3]=o,this.uint32[x+4]=s,this.uint16[y+10]=l,this.uint16[y+11]=c,this.uint16[y+12]=u,this.float32[x+7]=f,this.float32[x+8]=h,this.uint8[b+36]=p,this.uint8[b+37]=d,this.uint8[b+38]=m,this.uint32[x+10]=g,this.int16[y+22]=v,t},e}(Pi);Wi.prototype.bytesPerElement=48,Nn("StructArrayLayout2i2ui3ul3ui2f3ub1ul1i48",Wi);var Zi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint16=new Uint16Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint32=new Uint32Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.float32=new Float32Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m,g,v,y,x,b,_,w,T,k,A,M,S){var E=this.length;return this.resize(E+1),this.emplace(E,t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m,g,v,y,x,b,_,w,T,k,A,M,S)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m,g,v,y,x,b,_,w,T,k,A,M,S,E){var L=34*t,C=17*t;return this.int16[L+0]=e,this.int16[L+1]=r,this.int16[L+2]=n,this.int16[L+3]=i,this.int16[L+4]=a,this.int16[L+5]=o,this.int16[L+6]=s,this.int16[L+7]=l,this.uint16[L+8]=c,this.uint16[L+9]=u,this.uint16[L+10]=f,this.uint16[L+11]=h,this.uint16[L+12]=p,this.uint16[L+13]=d,this.uint16[L+14]=m,this.uint16[L+15]=g,this.uint16[L+16]=v,this.uint16[L+17]=y,this.uint16[L+18]=x,this.uint16[L+19]=b,this.uint16[L+20]=_,this.uint16[L+21]=w,this.uint16[L+22]=T,this.uint32[C+12]=k,this.float32[C+13]=A,this.float32[C+14]=M,this.float32[C+15]=S,this.float32[C+16]=E,t},e}(Pi);Zi.prototype.bytesPerElement=68,Nn("StructArrayLayout8i15ui1ul4f68",Zi);var Xi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.float32=new Float32Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t){var e=this.length;return this.resize(e+1),this.emplace(e,t)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e){var r=1*t;return this.float32[r+0]=e,t},e}(Pi);Xi.prototype.bytesPerElement=4,Nn("StructArrayLayout1f4",Xi);var Ji=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.int16=new Int16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r){var n=this.length;return this.resize(n+1),this.emplace(n,t,e,r)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n){var i=3*t;return this.int16[i+0]=e,this.int16[i+1]=r,this.int16[i+2]=n,t},e}(Pi);Ji.prototype.bytesPerElement=6,Nn("StructArrayLayout3i6",Ji);var Ki=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint32=new Uint32Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint16=new Uint16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r){var n=this.length;return this.resize(n+1),this.emplace(n,t,e,r)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n){var i=2*t,a=4*t;return this.uint32[i+0]=e,this.uint16[a+2]=r,this.uint16[a+3]=n,t},e}(Pi);Ki.prototype.bytesPerElement=8,Nn("StructArrayLayout1ul2ui8",Ki);var Qi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint16=new Uint16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e){var r=this.length;return this.resize(r+1),this.emplace(r,t,e)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r){var n=2*t;return this.uint16[n+0]=e,this.uint16[n+1]=r,t},e}(Pi);Qi.prototype.bytesPerElement=4,Nn("StructArrayLayout2ui4",Qi);var $i=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uint16=new Uint16Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t){var e=this.length;return this.resize(e+1),this.emplace(e,t)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e){var r=1*t;return this.uint16[r+0]=e,t},e}(Pi);$i.prototype.bytesPerElement=2,Nn("StructArrayLayout1ui2",$i);var ta=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.float32=new Float32Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e){var r=this.length;return this.resize(r+1),this.emplace(r,t,e)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r){var n=2*t;return this.float32[n+0]=e,this.float32[n+1]=r,t},e}(Pi);ta.prototype.bytesPerElement=8,Nn("StructArrayLayout2f8",ta);var ea=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._refreshViews=function(){this.uint8=new Uint8Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.float32=new Float32Array(this.arrayBuffer)},e.prototype.emplaceBack=function(t,e,r,n){var i=this.length;return this.resize(i+1),this.emplace(i,t,e,r,n)},e.prototype.emplace=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=4*t;return 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t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getoffsetX=function(t){return this.float32[1*t+0]},e}(Xi);Nn("GlyphOffsetArray",la);var ca=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getx=function(t){return this.int16[3*t+0]},e.prototype.gety=function(t){return this.int16[3*t+1]},e.prototype.gettileUnitDistanceFromAnchor=function(t){return this.int16[3*t+2]},e}(Ji);Nn("SymbolLineVertexArray",ca);var ua=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e;var r={featureIndex:{configurable:!0},sourceLayerIndex:{configurable:!0},bucketIndex:{configurable:!0}};return r.featureIndex.get=function(){return this._structArray.uint32[this._pos4+0]},r.sourceLayerIndex.get=function(){return 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Ra=function(t,e){this.uniformNames=e.map((function(t){return"u_"+t})),this.patternFrom=null,this.patternTo=null,this.pixelRatioFrom=1,this.pixelRatioTo=1};Ra.prototype.setConstantPatternPositions=function(t,e){this.pixelRatioFrom=e.pixelRatio,this.pixelRatioTo=t.pixelRatio,this.patternFrom=e.tlbr,this.patternTo=t.tlbr},Ra.prototype.setUniform=function(t,e,r,n){var i="u_pattern_to"===n?this.patternTo:"u_pattern_from"===n?this.patternFrom:"u_pixel_ratio_to"===n?this.pixelRatioTo:"u_pixel_ratio_from"===n?this.pixelRatioFrom:null;i&&t.set(i)},Ra.prototype.getBinding=function(t,e,r){return"u_pattern"===r.substr(0,9)?new Ca(t,e):new Sa(t,e)};var Fa=function(t,e,r,n){this.expression=t,this.type=r,this.maxValue=0,this.paintVertexAttributes=e.map((function(t){return{name:"a_"+t,type:"Float32",components:"color"===r?2:1,offset:0}})),this.paintVertexArray=new n};Fa.prototype.populatePaintArray=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=this.paintVertexArray.length,o=this.expression.evaluate(new pi(0),e,{},n,[],i);this.paintVertexArray.resize(t),this._setPaintValue(a,t,o)},Fa.prototype.updatePaintArray=function(t,e,r,n){var i=this.expression.evaluate({zoom:0},r,n);this._setPaintValue(t,e,i)},Fa.prototype._setPaintValue=function(t,e,r){if("color"===this.type)for(var n=za(r),i=t;i<e;i++)this.paintVertexArray.emplace(i,n[0],n[1]);else{for(var a=t;a<e;a++)this.paintVertexArray.emplace(a,r);this.maxValue=Math.max(this.maxValue,Math.abs(r))}},Fa.prototype.upload=function(t){this.paintVertexArray&&this.paintVertexArray.arrayBuffer&&(this.paintVertexBuffer&&this.paintVertexBuffer.buffer?this.paintVertexBuffer.updateData(this.paintVertexArray):this.paintVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.paintVertexArray,this.paintVertexAttributes,this.expression.isStateDependent))},Fa.prototype.destroy=function(){this.paintVertexBuffer&&this.paintVertexBuffer.destroy()};var Ba=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){this.expression=t,this.uniformNames=e.map((function(t){return"u_"+t+"_t"})),this.type=r,this.useIntegerZoom=n,this.zoom=i,this.maxValue=0,this.paintVertexAttributes=e.map((function(t){return{name:"a_"+t,type:"Float32",components:"color"===r?4:2,offset:0}})),this.paintVertexArray=new a};Ba.prototype.populatePaintArray=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=this.expression.evaluate(new pi(this.zoom),e,{},n,[],i),o=this.expression.evaluate(new pi(this.zoom+1),e,{},n,[],i),s=this.paintVertexArray.length;this.paintVertexArray.resize(t),this._setPaintValue(s,t,a,o)},Ba.prototype.updatePaintArray=function(t,e,r,n){var i=this.expression.evaluate({zoom:this.zoom},r,n),a=this.expression.evaluate({zoom:this.zoom+1},r,n);this._setPaintValue(t,e,i,a)},Ba.prototype._setPaintValue=function(t,e,r,n){if("color"===this.type)for(var i=za(r),a=za(n),o=t;o<e;o++)this.paintVertexArray.emplace(o,i[0],i[1],a[0],a[1]);else{for(var s=t;s<e;s++)this.paintVertexArray.emplace(s,r,n);this.maxValue=Math.max(this.maxValue,Math.abs(r),Math.abs(n))}},Ba.prototype.upload=function(t){this.paintVertexArray&&this.paintVertexArray.arrayBuffer&&(this.paintVertexBuffer&&this.paintVertexBuffer.buffer?this.paintVertexBuffer.updateData(this.paintVertexArray):this.paintVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.paintVertexArray,this.paintVertexAttributes,this.expression.isStateDependent))},Ba.prototype.destroy=function(){this.paintVertexBuffer&&this.paintVertexBuffer.destroy()},Ba.prototype.setUniform=function(t,e){var r=this.useIntegerZoom?Math.floor(e.zoom):e.zoom,n=l(this.expression.interpolationFactor(r,this.zoom,this.zoom+1),0,1);t.set(n)},Ba.prototype.getBinding=function(t,e,r){return new Sa(t,e)};var Na=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){this.expression=t,this.type=e,this.useIntegerZoom=r,this.zoom=n,this.layerId=a,this.zoomInPaintVertexArray=new i,this.zoomOutPaintVertexArray=new i};Na.prototype.populatePaintArray=function(t,e,r){var n=this.zoomInPaintVertexArray.length;this.zoomInPaintVertexArray.resize(t),this.zoomOutPaintVertexArray.resize(t),this._setPaintValues(n,t,e.patterns&&e.patterns[this.layerId],r)},Na.prototype.updatePaintArray=function(t,e,r,n,i){this._setPaintValues(t,e,r.patterns&&r.patterns[this.layerId],i)},Na.prototype._setPaintValues=function(t,e,r,n){if(n&&r){var i=r.min,a=r.mid,o=r.max,s=n[i],l=n[a],c=n[o];if(s&&l&&c)for(var u=t;u<e;u++)this.zoomInPaintVertexArray.emplace(u,l.tl[0],l.tl[1],l.br[0],l.br[1],s.tl[0],s.tl[1],s.br[0],s.br[1],l.pixelRatio,s.pixelRatio),this.zoomOutPaintVertexArray.emplace(u,l.tl[0],l.tl[1],l.br[0],l.br[1],c.tl[0],c.tl[1],c.br[0],c.br[1],l.pixelRatio,c.pixelRatio)}},Na.prototype.upload=function(t){this.zoomInPaintVertexArray&&this.zoomInPaintVertexArray.arrayBuffer&&this.zoomOutPaintVertexArray&&this.zoomOutPaintVertexArray.arrayBuffer&&(this.zoomInPaintVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.zoomInPaintVertexArray,ma.members,this.expression.isStateDependent),this.zoomOutPaintVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.zoomOutPaintVertexArray,ma.members,this.expression.isStateDependent))},Na.prototype.destroy=function(){this.zoomOutPaintVertexBuffer&&this.zoomOutPaintVertexBuffer.destroy(),this.zoomInPaintVertexBuffer&&this.zoomInPaintVertexBuffer.destroy()};var ja=function(t,e,r,n){this.binders={},this.layoutAttributes=n,this._buffers=[];var i=[];for(var a in t.paint._values)if(r(a)){var o=t.paint.get(a);if(o instanceof bi&&zr(o.property.specification)){var s=Va(a,t.type),l=o.value,c=o.property.specification.type,u=o.property.useIntegerZoom,f=o.property.specification["property-type"],h="cross-faded"===f||"cross-faded-data-driven"===f;if("constant"===l.kind)this.binders[a]=h?new Ra(l.value,s):new Da(l.value,s,c),i.push("/u_"+a);else if("source"===l.kind||h){var p=Ha(a,c,"source");this.binders[a]=h?new Na(l,c,u,e,p,t.id):new Fa(l,s,c,p),i.push("/a_"+a)}else{var d=Ha(a,c,"composite");this.binders[a]=new Ba(l,s,c,u,e,d),i.push("/z_"+a)}}}this.cacheKey=i.sort().join("")};ja.prototype.getMaxValue=function(t){var e=this.binders[t];return e instanceof Fa||e instanceof Ba?e.maxValue:0},ja.prototype.populatePaintArrays=function(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a in this.binders){var o=this.binders[a];(o instanceof Fa||o instanceof Ba||o instanceof Na)&&o.populatePaintArray(t,e,r,n,i)}},ja.prototype.setConstantPatternPositions=function(t,e){for(var r in this.binders){var n=this.binders[r];n instanceof Ra&&n.setConstantPatternPositions(t,e)}},ja.prototype.updatePaintArrays=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=!1;for(var o in t)for(var s=0,l=e.getPositions(o);s<l.length;s+=1){var c=l[s],u=r.feature(c.index);for(var f in this.binders){var h=this.binders[f];if((h instanceof Fa||h instanceof Ba||h instanceof Na)&&!0===h.expression.isStateDependent){var p=n.paint.get(f);h.expression=p.value,h.updatePaintArray(c.start,c.end,u,t[o],i),a=!0}}}return a},ja.prototype.defines=function(){var t=[];for(var e in this.binders){var r=this.binders[e];(r instanceof Da||r instanceof Ra)&&t.push.apply(t,r.uniformNames.map((function(t){return"#define HAS_UNIFORM_"+t})))}return t},ja.prototype.getPaintVertexBuffers=function(){return this._buffers},ja.prototype.getUniforms=function(t,e){var r=[];for(var n in this.binders){var i=this.binders[n];if(i instanceof Da||i instanceof Ra||i instanceof Ba)for(var a=0,o=i.uniformNames;a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a];if(e[s]){var l=i.getBinding(t,e[s],s);r.push({name:s,property:n,binding:l})}}}return r},ja.prototype.setUniforms=function(t,e,r,n){for(var i=0,a=e;i<a.length;i+=1){var o=a[i],s=o.name,l=o.property,c=o.binding;this.binders[l].setUniform(c,n,r.get(l),s)}},ja.prototype.updatePaintBuffers=function(t){for(var e in this._buffers=[],this.binders){var r=this.binders[e];if(t&&r instanceof Na){var n=2===t.fromScale?r.zoomInPaintVertexBuffer:r.zoomOutPaintVertexBuffer;n&&this._buffers.push(n)}else(r instanceof Fa||r instanceof Ba)&&r.paintVertexBuffer&&this._buffers.push(r.paintVertexBuffer)}},ja.prototype.upload=function(t){for(var e in this.binders){var r=this.binders[e];(r instanceof Fa||r instanceof Ba||r instanceof Na)&&r.upload(t)}this.updatePaintBuffers()},ja.prototype.destroy=function(){for(var t in this.binders){var e=this.binders[t];(e instanceof Fa||e instanceof Ba||e instanceof Na)&&e.destroy()}};var Ua=function(t,e,r,n){void 0===n&&(n=function(){return!0}),this.programConfigurations={};for(var i=0,a=e;i<a.length;i+=1){var o=a[i];this.programConfigurations[o.id]=new ja(o,r,n,t)}this.needsUpload=!1,this._featureMap=new _a,this._bufferOffset=0};function Va(t,e){return{"text-opacity":["opacity"],"icon-opacity":["opacity"],"text-color":["fill_color"],"icon-color":["fill_color"],"text-halo-color":["halo_color"],"icon-halo-color":["halo_color"],"text-halo-blur":["halo_blur"],"icon-halo-blur":["halo_blur"],"text-halo-width":["halo_width"],"icon-halo-width":["halo_width"],"line-gap-width":["gapwidth"],"line-pattern":["pattern_to","pattern_from","pixel_ratio_to","pixel_ratio_from"],"fill-pattern":["pattern_to","pattern_from","pixel_ratio_to","pixel_ratio_from"],"fill-extrusion-pattern":["pattern_to","pattern_from","pixel_ratio_to","pixel_ratio_from"]}[t]||[t.replace(e+"-","").replace(/-/g,"_")]}function Ha(t,e,r){var n={color:{source:ta,composite:ea},number:{source:Xi,composite:ta}},i=function(t){return{"line-pattern":{source:Bi,composite:Bi},"fill-pattern":{source:Bi,composite:Bi},"fill-extrusion-pattern":{source:Bi,composite:Bi}}[t]}(t);return i&&i[r]||n[e][r]}Ua.prototype.populatePaintArrays=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){for(var o in this.programConfigurations)this.programConfigurations[o].populatePaintArrays(t,e,n,i,a);void 0!==e.id&&this._featureMap.add(e.id,r,this._bufferOffset,t),this._bufferOffset=t,this.needsUpload=!0},Ua.prototype.updatePaintArrays=function(t,e,r,n){for(var i=0,a=r;i<a.length;i+=1){var o=a[i];this.needsUpload=this.programConfigurations[o.id].updatePaintArrays(t,this._featureMap,e,o,n)||this.needsUpload}},Ua.prototype.get=function(t){return this.programConfigurations[t]},Ua.prototype.upload=function(t){if(this.needsUpload){for(var e in this.programConfigurations)this.programConfigurations[e].upload(t);this.needsUpload=!1}},Ua.prototype.destroy=function(){for(var t in this.programConfigurations)this.programConfigurations[t].destroy()},Nn("ConstantBinder",Da),Nn("CrossFadedConstantBinder",Ra),Nn("SourceExpressionBinder",Fa),Nn("CrossFadedCompositeBinder",Na),Nn("CompositeExpressionBinder",Ba),Nn("ProgramConfiguration",ja,{omit:["_buffers"]}),Nn("ProgramConfigurationSet",Ua);var qa,Ga=(qa=15,{min:-1*Math.pow(2,qa-1),max:Math.pow(2,qa-1)-1});function Ya(t){for(var e=8192/t.extent,r=t.loadGeometry(),n=0;n<r.length;n++)for(var i=r[n],a=0;a<i.length;a++){var o=i[a];o.x=Math.round(o.x*e),o.y=Math.round(o.y*e),(o.x<Ga.min||o.x>Ga.max||o.y<Ga.min||o.y>Ga.max)&&(_("Geometry exceeds allowed extent, reduce your vector tile buffer size"),o.x=l(o.x,Ga.min,Ga.max),o.y=l(o.y,Ga.min,Ga.max))}return r}function Wa(t,e,r,n,i){t.emplaceBack(2*e+(n+1)/2,2*r+(i+1)/2)}var Za=function(t){this.zoom=t.zoom,this.overscaling=t.overscaling,this.layers=t.layers,this.layerIds=this.layers.map((function(t){return t.id})),this.index=t.index,this.hasPattern=!1,this.layoutVertexArray=new zi,this.indexArray=new Yi,this.segments=new pa,this.programConfigurations=new Ua(ha,t.layers,t.zoom),this.stateDependentLayerIds=this.layers.filter((function(t){return t.isStateDependent()})).map((function(t){return t.id}))};function Xa(t,e){for(var r=0;r<t.length;r++)if(io(e,t[r]))return!0;for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++)if(io(t,e[n]))return!0;return!!$a(t,e)}function Ja(t,e,r){return!!io(t,e)||!!eo(e,t,r)}function Ka(t,e){if(1===t.length)return no(e,t[0]);for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++)for(var n=e[r],i=0;i<n.length;i++)if(io(t,n[i]))return!0;for(var a=0;a<t.length;a++)if(no(e,t[a]))return!0;for(var o=0;o<e.length;o++)if($a(t,e[o]))return!0;return!1}function Qa(t,e,r){if(t.length>1){if($a(t,e))return!0;for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++)if(eo(e[n],t,r))return!0}for(var i=0;i<t.length;i++)if(eo(t[i],e,r))return!0;return!1}function $a(t,e){if(0===t.length||0===e.length)return!1;for(var r=0;r<t.length-1;r++)for(var n=t[r],i=t[r+1],a=0;a<e.length-1;a++){if(to(n,i,e[a],e[a+1]))return!0}return!1}function to(t,e,r,n){return w(t,r,n)!==w(e,r,n)&&w(t,e,r)!==w(t,e,n)}function eo(t,e,r){var n=r*r;if(1===e.length)return t.distSqr(e[0])<n;for(var i=1;i<e.length;i++){if(ro(t,e[i-1],e[i])<n)return!0}return!1}function ro(t,e,r){var n=e.distSqr(r);if(0===n)return t.distSqr(e);var i=((t.x-e.x)*(r.x-e.x)+(t.y-e.y)*(r.y-e.y))/n;return i<0?t.distSqr(e):i>1?t.distSqr(r):t.distSqr(r.sub(e)._mult(i)._add(e))}function no(t,e){for(var r,n,i,a=!1,o=0;o<t.length;o++)for(var s=0,l=(r=t[o]).length-1;s<r.length;l=s++)n=r[s],i=r[l],n.y>e.y!=i.y>e.y&&e.x<(i.x-n.x)*(e.y-n.y)/(i.y-n.y)+n.x&&(a=!a);return a}function io(t,e){for(var r=!1,n=0,i=t.length-1;n<t.length;i=n++){var a=t[n],o=t[i];a.y>e.y!=o.y>e.y&&e.x<(o.x-a.x)*(e.y-a.y)/(o.y-a.y)+a.x&&(r=!r)}return r}function ao(t,e,r){var n=r[0],i=r[2];if(t.x<n.x&&e.x<n.x||t.x>i.x&&e.x>i.x||t.y<n.y&&e.y<n.y||t.y>i.y&&e.y>i.y)return!1;var a=w(t,e,r[0]);return a!==w(t,e,r[1])||a!==w(t,e,r[2])||a!==w(t,e,r[3])}function oo(t,e,r){var n=e.paint.get(t).value;return"constant"===n.kind?n.value:r.programConfigurations.get(e.id).getMaxValue(t)}function so(t){return Math.sqrt(t[0]*t[0]+t[1]*t[1])}function lo(t,e,r,n,a){if(!e[0]&&!e[1])return t;var o=i.convert(e)._mult(a);"viewport"===r&&o._rotate(-n);for(var s=[],l=0;l<t.length;l++){var c=t[l];s.push(c.sub(o))}return s}Za.prototype.populate=function(t,e,r){var n=this.layers[0],i=[],a=null;"circle"===n.type&&(a=n.layout.get("circle-sort-key"));for(var o=0,s=t;o<s.length;o+=1){var l=s[o],c=l.feature,u=l.id,f=l.index,h=l.sourceLayerIndex,p=this.layers[0]._featureFilter.needGeometry,d={type:c.type,id:u,properties:c.properties,geometry:p?Ya(c):[]};if(this.layers[0]._featureFilter.filter(new pi(this.zoom),d,r)){p||(d.geometry=Ya(c));var m=a?a.evaluate(d,{},r):void 0,g={id:u,properties:c.properties,type:c.type,sourceLayerIndex:h,index:f,geometry:d.geometry,patterns:{},sortKey:m};i.push(g)}}a&&i.sort((function(t,e){return t.sortKey-e.sortKey}));for(var v=0,y=i;v<y.length;v+=1){var x=y[v],b=x,_=b.geometry,w=b.index,T=b.sourceLayerIndex,k=t[w].feature;this.addFeature(x,_,w,r),e.featureIndex.insert(k,_,w,T,this.index)}},Za.prototype.update=function(t,e,r){this.stateDependentLayers.length&&this.programConfigurations.updatePaintArrays(t,e,this.stateDependentLayers,r)},Za.prototype.isEmpty=function(){return 0===this.layoutVertexArray.length},Za.prototype.uploadPending=function(){return!this.uploaded||this.programConfigurations.needsUpload},Za.prototype.upload=function(t){this.uploaded||(this.layoutVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.layoutVertexArray,ha),this.indexBuffer=t.createIndexBuffer(this.indexArray)),this.programConfigurations.upload(t),this.uploaded=!0},Za.prototype.destroy=function(){this.layoutVertexBuffer&&(this.layoutVertexBuffer.destroy(),this.indexBuffer.destroy(),this.programConfigurations.destroy(),this.segments.destroy())},Za.prototype.addFeature=function(t,e,r,n){for(var i=0,a=e;i<a.length;i+=1)for(var o=0,s=a[i];o<s.length;o+=1){var l=s[o],c=l.x,u=l.y;if(!(c<0||c>=8192||u<0||u>=8192)){var f=this.segments.prepareSegment(4,this.layoutVertexArray,this.indexArray,t.sortKey),h=f.vertexLength;Wa(this.layoutVertexArray,c,u,-1,-1),Wa(this.layoutVertexArray,c,u,1,-1),Wa(this.layoutVertexArray,c,u,1,1),Wa(this.layoutVertexArray,c,u,-1,1),this.indexArray.emplaceBack(h,h+1,h+2),this.indexArray.emplaceBack(h,h+3,h+2),f.vertexLength+=4,f.primitiveLength+=2}}this.programConfigurations.populatePaintArrays(this.layoutVertexArray.length,t,r,{},n)},Nn("CircleBucket",Za,{omit:["layers"]});var co=new Si({"circle-sort-key":new Ti(Lt.layout_circle["circle-sort-key"])}),uo={paint:new Si({"circle-radius":new Ti(Lt.paint_circle["circle-radius"]),"circle-color":new Ti(Lt.paint_circle["circle-color"]),"circle-blur":new Ti(Lt.paint_circle["circle-blur"]),"circle-opacity":new Ti(Lt.paint_circle["circle-opacity"]),"circle-translate":new wi(Lt.paint_circle["circle-translate"]),"circle-translate-anchor":new wi(Lt.paint_circle["circle-translate-anchor"]),"circle-pitch-scale":new 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c=e[s]*r,u=s<l-1?e[s+1]*r:t.length;o-=Math.abs(ls(t,c,u,r))}var f=0;for(s=0;s<n.length;s+=3){var h=n[s]*r,p=n[s+1]*r,d=n[s+2]*r;f+=Math.abs((t[h]-t[d])*(t[p+1]-t[h+1])-(t[h]-t[p])*(t[d+1]-t[h+1]))}return 0===o&&0===f?0:Math.abs((f-o)/o)},Fo.flatten=function(t){for(var e=t[0][0].length,r={vertices:[],holes:[],dimensions:e},n=0,i=0;i<t.length;i++){for(var a=0;a<t[i].length;a++)for(var o=0;o<e;o++)r.vertices.push(t[i][a][o]);i>0&&(n+=t[i-1].length,r.holes.push(n))}return r},Do.default=Ro;var gs=function(t){this.zoom=t.zoom,this.overscaling=t.overscaling,this.layers=t.layers,this.layerIds=this.layers.map((function(t){return t.id})),this.index=t.index,this.hasPattern=!1,this.patternFeatures=[],this.layoutVertexArray=new zi,this.indexArray=new Yi,this.indexArray2=new Qi,this.programConfigurations=new Ua(zo,t.layers,t.zoom),this.segments=new pa,this.segments2=new pa,this.stateDependentLayerIds=this.layers.filter((function(t){return t.isStateDependent()})).map((function(t){return t.id}))};gs.prototype.populate=function(t,e,r){this.hasPattern=ds("fill",this.layers,e);for(var n=this.layers[0].layout.get("fill-sort-key"),i=[],a=0,o=t;a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a],l=s.feature,c=s.id,u=s.index,f=s.sourceLayerIndex,h=this.layers[0]._featureFilter.needGeometry,p={type:l.type,id:c,properties:l.properties,geometry:h?Ya(l):[]};if(this.layers[0]._featureFilter.filter(new pi(this.zoom),p,r)){h||(p.geometry=Ya(l));var d=n?n.evaluate(p,{},r,e.availableImages):void 0,m={id:c,properties:l.properties,type:l.type,sourceLayerIndex:f,index:u,geometry:p.geometry,patterns:{},sortKey:d};i.push(m)}}n&&i.sort((function(t,e){return t.sortKey-e.sortKey}));for(var g=0,v=i;g<v.length;g+=1){var y=v[g],x=y,b=x.geometry,_=x.index,w=x.sourceLayerIndex;if(this.hasPattern){var T=ms("fill",this.layers,y,this.zoom,e);this.patternFeatures.push(T)}else this.addFeature(y,b,_,r,{});var k=t[_].feature;e.featureIndex.insert(k,b,_,w,this.index)}},gs.prototype.update=function(t,e,r){this.stateDependentLayers.length&&this.programConfigurations.updatePaintArrays(t,e,this.stateDependentLayers,r)},gs.prototype.addFeatures=function(t,e,r){for(var n=0,i=this.patternFeatures;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n];this.addFeature(a,a.geometry,a.index,e,r)}},gs.prototype.isEmpty=function(){return 0===this.layoutVertexArray.length},gs.prototype.uploadPending=function(){return!this.uploaded||this.programConfigurations.needsUpload},gs.prototype.upload=function(t){this.uploaded||(this.layoutVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.layoutVertexArray,zo),this.indexBuffer=t.createIndexBuffer(this.indexArray),this.indexBuffer2=t.createIndexBuffer(this.indexArray2)),this.programConfigurations.upload(t),this.uploaded=!0},gs.prototype.destroy=function(){this.layoutVertexBuffer&&(this.layoutVertexBuffer.destroy(),this.indexBuffer.destroy(),this.indexBuffer2.destroy(),this.programConfigurations.destroy(),this.segments.destroy(),this.segments2.destroy())},gs.prototype.addFeature=function(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a=0,o=hs(e,500);a<o.length;a+=1){for(var s=o[a],l=0,c=0,u=s;c<u.length;c+=1){l+=u[c].length}for(var f=this.segments.prepareSegment(l,this.layoutVertexArray,this.indexArray),h=f.vertexLength,p=[],d=[],m=0,g=s;m<g.length;m+=1){var v=g[m];if(0!==v.length){v!==s[0]&&d.push(p.length/2);var y=this.segments2.prepareSegment(v.length,this.layoutVertexArray,this.indexArray2),x=y.vertexLength;this.layoutVertexArray.emplaceBack(v[0].x,v[0].y),this.indexArray2.emplaceBack(x+v.length-1,x),p.push(v[0].x),p.push(v[0].y);for(var b=1;b<v.length;b++)this.layoutVertexArray.emplaceBack(v[b].x,v[b].y),this.indexArray2.emplaceBack(x+b-1,x+b),p.push(v[b].x),p.push(v[b].y);y.vertexLength+=v.length,y.primitiveLength+=v.length}}for(var _=Do(p,d),w=0;w<_.length;w+=3)this.indexArray.emplaceBack(h+_[w],h+_[w+1],h+_[w+2]);f.vertexLength+=l,f.primitiveLength+=_.length/3}this.programConfigurations.populatePaintArrays(this.layoutVertexArray.length,t,r,i,n)},Nn("FillBucket",gs,{omit:["layers","patternFeatures"]});var vs=new Si({"fill-sort-key":new Ti(Lt.layout_fill["fill-sort-key"])}),ys={paint:new Si({"fill-antialias":new wi(Lt.paint_fill["fill-antialias"]),"fill-opacity":new Ti(Lt.paint_fill["fill-opacity"]),"fill-color":new Ti(Lt.paint_fill["fill-color"]),"fill-outline-color":new Ti(Lt.paint_fill["fill-outline-color"]),"fill-translate":new wi(Lt.paint_fill["fill-translate"]),"fill-translate-anchor":new wi(Lt.paint_fill["fill-translate-anchor"]),"fill-pattern":new ki(Lt.paint_fill["fill-pattern"])}),layout:vs},xs=function(t){function e(e){t.call(this,e,ys)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.recalculate=function(e,r){t.prototype.recalculate.call(this,e,r);var n=this.paint._values["fill-outline-color"];"constant"===n.value.kind&&void 0===n.value.value&&(this.paint._values["fill-outline-color"]=this.paint._values["fill-color"])},e.prototype.createBucket=function(t){return new gs(t)},e.prototype.queryRadius=function(){return so(this.paint.get("fill-translate"))},e.prototype.queryIntersectsFeature=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){return 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c=t.readVarint();n=7&c,a=c>>3}if(a--,1===n||2===n)o+=t.readSVarint(),s+=t.readSVarint(),1===n&&(e&&l.push(e),e=[]),e.push(new i(o,s));else{if(7!==n)throw new Error("unknown command "+n);e&&e.push(e[0].clone())}}return e&&l.push(e),l},ws.prototype.bbox=function(){var t=this._pbf;t.pos=this._geometry;for(var e=t.readVarint()+t.pos,r=1,n=0,i=0,a=0,o=1/0,s=-1/0,l=1/0,c=-1/0;t.pos<e;){if(n<=0){var u=t.readVarint();r=7&u,n=u>>3}if(n--,1===r||2===r)(i+=t.readSVarint())<o&&(o=i),i>s&&(s=i),(a+=t.readSVarint())<l&&(l=a),a>c&&(c=a);else if(7!==r)throw new Error("unknown command "+r)}return[o,l,s,c]},ws.prototype.toGeoJSON=function(t,e,r){var n,i,a=this.extent*Math.pow(2,r),o=this.extent*t,s=this.extent*e,l=this.loadGeometry(),c=ws.types[this.type];function u(t){for(var e=0;e<t.length;e++){var r=t[e],n=180-360*(r.y+s)/a;t[e]=[360*(r.x+o)/a-180,360/Math.PI*Math.atan(Math.exp(n*Math.PI/180))-90]}}switch(this.type){case 1:var f=[];for(n=0;n<l.length;n++)f[n]=l[n][0];u(l=f);break;case 2:for(n=0;n<l.length;n++)u(l[n]);break;case 3:for(l=function(t){var e=t.length;if(e<=1)return[t];for(var r,n,i=[],a=0;a<e;a++){var o=ks(t[a]);0!==o&&(void 0===n&&(n=o<0),n===o<0?(r&&i.push(r),r=[t[a]]):r.push(t[a]))}r&&i.push(r);return i}(l),n=0;n<l.length;n++)for(i=0;i<l[n].length;i++)u(l[n][i])}1===l.length?l=l[0]:c="Multi"+c;var h={type:"Feature",geometry:{type:c,coordinates:l},properties:this.properties};return"id"in this&&(h.id=this.id),h};var As=Ms;function Ms(t,e){this.version=1,this.name=null,this.extent=4096,this.length=0,this._pbf=t,this._keys=[],this._values=[],this._features=[],t.readFields(Ss,this,e),this.length=this._features.length}function Ss(t,e,r){15===t?e.version=r.readVarint():1===t?e.name=r.readString():5===t?e.extent=r.readVarint():2===t?e._features.push(r.pos):3===t?e._keys.push(r.readString()):4===t&&e._values.push(function(t){var e=null,r=t.readVarint()+t.pos;for(;t.pos<r;){var n=t.readVarint()>>3;e=1===n?t.readString():2===n?t.readFloat():3===n?t.readDouble():4===n?t.readVarint64():5===n?t.readVarint():6===n?t.readSVarint():7===n?t.readBoolean():null}return e}(r))}function Es(t,e,r){if(3===t){var n=new As(r,r.readVarint()+r.pos);n.length&&(e[n.name]=n)}}Ms.prototype.feature=function(t){if(t<0||t>=this._features.length)throw new Error("feature index out of bounds");this._pbf.pos=this._features[t];var e=this._pbf.readVarint()+this._pbf.pos;return new _s(this._pbf,e,this.extent,this._keys,this._values)};var Ls={VectorTile:function(t,e){this.layers=t.readFields(Es,{},e)},VectorTileFeature:_s,VectorTileLayer:As},Cs=Ls.VectorTileFeature.types,Ps=Math.pow(2,13);function Is(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s){t.emplaceBack(e,r,2*Math.floor(n*Ps)+o,i*Ps*2,a*Ps*2,Math.round(s))}var Os=function(t){this.zoom=t.zoom,this.overscaling=t.overscaling,this.layers=t.layers,this.layerIds=this.layers.map((function(t){return t.id})),this.index=t.index,this.hasPattern=!1,this.layoutVertexArray=new Ri,this.indexArray=new Yi,this.programConfigurations=new Ua(bs,t.layers,t.zoom),this.segments=new pa,this.stateDependentLayerIds=this.layers.filter((function(t){return t.isStateDependent()})).map((function(t){return t.id}))};function zs(t,e){return t.x===e.x&&(t.x<0||t.x>8192)||t.y===e.y&&(t.y<0||t.y>8192)}function Ds(t){return t.every((function(t){return t.x<0}))||t.every((function(t){return t.x>8192}))||t.every((function(t){return t.y<0}))||t.every((function(t){return t.y>8192}))}Os.prototype.populate=function(t,e,r){this.features=[],this.hasPattern=ds("fill-extrusion",this.layers,e);for(var n=0,i=t;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n],o=a.feature,s=a.id,l=a.index,c=a.sourceLayerIndex,u=this.layers[0]._featureFilter.needGeometry,f={type:o.type,id:s,properties:o.properties,geometry:u?Ya(o):[]};if(this.layers[0]._featureFilter.filter(new pi(this.zoom),f,r)){var h={id:s,sourceLayerIndex:c,index:l,geometry:u?f.geometry:Ya(o),properties:o.properties,type:o.type,patterns:{}};void 0!==o.id&&(h.id=o.id),this.hasPattern?this.features.push(ms("fill-extrusion",this.layers,h,this.zoom,e)):this.addFeature(h,h.geometry,l,r,{}),e.featureIndex.insert(o,h.geometry,l,c,this.index,!0)}}},Os.prototype.addFeatures=function(t,e,r){for(var n=0,i=this.features;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n],o=a.geometry;this.addFeature(a,o,a.index,e,r)}},Os.prototype.update=function(t,e,r){this.stateDependentLayers.length&&this.programConfigurations.updatePaintArrays(t,e,this.stateDependentLayers,r)},Os.prototype.isEmpty=function(){return 0===this.layoutVertexArray.length},Os.prototype.uploadPending=function(){return!this.uploaded||this.programConfigurations.needsUpload},Os.prototype.upload=function(t){this.uploaded||(this.layoutVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.layoutVertexArray,bs),this.indexBuffer=t.createIndexBuffer(this.indexArray)),this.programConfigurations.upload(t),this.uploaded=!0},Os.prototype.destroy=function(){this.layoutVertexBuffer&&(this.layoutVertexBuffer.destroy(),this.indexBuffer.destroy(),this.programConfigurations.destroy(),this.segments.destroy())},Os.prototype.addFeature=function(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a=0,o=hs(e,500);a<o.length;a+=1){for(var s=o[a],l=0,c=0,u=s;c<u.length;c+=1){l+=u[c].length}for(var f=this.segments.prepareSegment(4,this.layoutVertexArray,this.indexArray),h=0,p=s;h<p.length;h+=1){var d=p[h];if(0!==d.length&&!Ds(d))for(var m=0,g=0;g<d.length;g++){var v=d[g];if(g>=1){var y=d[g-1];if(!zs(v,y)){f.vertexLength+4>pa.MAX_VERTEX_ARRAY_LENGTH&&(f=this.segments.prepareSegment(4,this.layoutVertexArray,this.indexArray));var x=v.sub(y)._perp()._unit(),b=y.dist(v);m+b>32768&&(m=0),Is(this.layoutVertexArray,v.x,v.y,x.x,x.y,0,0,m),Is(this.layoutVertexArray,v.x,v.y,x.x,x.y,0,1,m),m+=b,Is(this.layoutVertexArray,y.x,y.y,x.x,x.y,0,0,m),Is(this.layoutVertexArray,y.x,y.y,x.x,x.y,0,1,m);var _=f.vertexLength;this.indexArray.emplaceBack(_,_+2,_+1),this.indexArray.emplaceBack(_+1,_+2,_+3),f.vertexLength+=4,f.primitiveLength+=2}}}}if(f.vertexLength+l>pa.MAX_VERTEX_ARRAY_LENGTH&&(f=this.segments.prepareSegment(l,this.layoutVertexArray,this.indexArray)),"Polygon"===Cs[t.type]){for(var w=[],T=[],k=f.vertexLength,A=0,M=s;A<M.length;A+=1){var S=M[A];if(0!==S.length){S!==s[0]&&T.push(w.length/2);for(var E=0;E<S.length;E++){var L=S[E];Is(this.layoutVertexArray,L.x,L.y,0,0,1,1,0),w.push(L.x),w.push(L.y)}}}for(var 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wi(Lt["paint_fill-extrusion"]["fill-extrusion-vertical-gradient"])})},Fs=function(t){function e(e){t.call(this,e,Rs)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.createBucket=function(t){return new Os(t)},e.prototype.queryRadius=function(){return so(this.paint.get("fill-extrusion-translate"))},e.prototype.is3D=function(){return!0},e.prototype.queryIntersectsFeature=function(t,e,r,n,a,o,s,l){var c=lo(t,this.paint.get("fill-extrusion-translate"),this.paint.get("fill-extrusion-translate-anchor"),o.angle,s),u=this.paint.get("fill-extrusion-height").evaluate(e,r),f=this.paint.get("fill-extrusion-base").evaluate(e,r),h=function(t,e,r,n){for(var a=[],o=0,s=t;o<s.length;o+=1){var l=s[o],c=[l.x,l.y,n,1];xo(c,c,e),a.push(new i(c[0]/c[3],c[1]/c[3]))}return a}(c,l,0,0),p=function(t,e,r,n){for(var a=[],o=[],s=n[8]*e,l=n[9]*e,c=n[10]*e,u=n[11]*e,f=n[8]*r,h=n[9]*r,p=n[10]*r,d=n[11]*r,m=0,g=t;m<g.length;m+=1){for(var 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a=i[n];this.addFeature(a,a.geometry,a.index,e,r)}},qs.prototype.isEmpty=function(){return 0===this.layoutVertexArray.length},qs.prototype.uploadPending=function(){return!this.uploaded||this.programConfigurations.needsUpload},qs.prototype.upload=function(t){this.uploaded||(this.layoutVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.layoutVertexArray,js),this.indexBuffer=t.createIndexBuffer(this.indexArray)),this.programConfigurations.upload(t),this.uploaded=!0},qs.prototype.destroy=function(){this.layoutVertexBuffer&&(this.layoutVertexBuffer.destroy(),this.indexBuffer.destroy(),this.programConfigurations.destroy(),this.segments.destroy())},qs.prototype.addFeature=function(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a=this.layers[0].layout,o=a.get("line-join").evaluate(t,{}),s=a.get("line-cap"),l=a.get("line-miter-limit"),c=a.get("line-round-limit"),u=0,f=e;u<f.length;u+=1){var h=f[u];this.addLine(h,t,o,s,l,c)}this.programConfigurations.populatePaintArrays(this.layoutVertexArray.length,t,r,i,n)},qs.prototype.addLine=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){if(this.distance=0,this.scaledDistance=0,this.totalDistance=0,e.properties&&e.properties.hasOwnProperty("mapbox_clip_start")&&e.properties.hasOwnProperty("mapbox_clip_end")){this.clipStart=+e.properties.mapbox_clip_start,this.clipEnd=+e.properties.mapbox_clip_end;for(var o=0;o<t.length-1;o++)this.totalDistance+=t[o].dist(t[o+1]);this.updateScaledDistance()}for(var s="Polygon"===Us[e.type],l=t.length;l>=2&&t[l-1].equals(t[l-2]);)l--;for(var c=0;c<l-1&&t[c].equals(t[c+1]);)c++;if(!(l<(s?3:2))){"bevel"===r&&(i=1.05);var u,f=this.overscaling<=16?122880/(512*this.overscaling):0,h=this.segments.prepareSegment(10*l,this.layoutVertexArray,this.indexArray),p=void 0,d=void 0,m=void 0,g=void 0;this.e1=this.e2=-1,s&&(u=t[l-2],g=t[c].sub(u)._unit()._perp());for(var v=c;v<l;v++)if(!(d=v===l-1?s?t[c+1]:void 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O=Math.round(180*w/Math.PI/20),z=1;z<O;z++){var D=z/O;if(.5!==D){var R=D-.5;D+=D*R*(D-1)*((1.0904+x*(x*(3.55645-1.43519*x)-3.2452))*R*R+(.848013+x*(.215638*x-1.06021)))}var F=g.sub(m)._mult(D)._add(m)._unit()._mult(k?-1:1);this.addHalfVertex(u,F.x,F.y,!1,k,0,h)}d&&this.addCurrentVertex(u,g,-P,-I,h)}else if("butt"===E)this.addCurrentVertex(u,y,0,0,h);else if("square"===E){var B=p?1:-1;this.addCurrentVertex(u,y,B,B,h)}else"round"===E&&(p&&(this.addCurrentVertex(u,m,0,0,h),this.addCurrentVertex(u,m,1,1,h,!0)),d&&(this.addCurrentVertex(u,g,-1,-1,h,!0),this.addCurrentVertex(u,g,0,0,h)));if(T&&v<l-1){var N=u.dist(d);if(N>2*f){var j=u.add(d.sub(u)._mult(f/N)._round());this.updateDistance(u,j),this.addCurrentVertex(j,g,0,0,h),u=j}}}}},qs.prototype.addCurrentVertex=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){void 0===a&&(a=!1);var o=e.x+e.y*r,s=e.y-e.x*r,l=-e.x+e.y*n,c=-e.y-e.x*n;this.addHalfVertex(t,o,s,a,!1,r,i),this.addHalfVertex(t,l,c,a,!0,-n,i),this.distance>Hs/2&&0===this.totalDistance&&(this.distance=0,this.addCurrentVertex(t,e,r,n,i,a))},qs.prototype.addHalfVertex=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=t.x,l=t.y,c=.5*this.scaledDistance;this.layoutVertexArray.emplaceBack((s<<1)+(n?1:0),(l<<1)+(i?1:0),Math.round(63*e)+128,Math.round(63*r)+128,1+(0===a?0:a<0?-1:1)|(63&c)<<2,c>>6);var u=o.vertexLength++;this.e1>=0&&this.e2>=0&&(this.indexArray.emplaceBack(this.e1,this.e2,u),o.primitiveLength++),i?this.e2=u:this.e1=u},qs.prototype.updateScaledDistance=function(){this.scaledDistance=this.totalDistance>0?(this.clipStart+(this.clipEnd-this.clipStart)*this.distance/this.totalDistance)*(Hs-1):this.distance},qs.prototype.updateDistance=function(t,e){this.distance+=t.dist(e),this.updateScaledDistance()},Nn("LineBucket",qs,{omit:["layers","patternFeatures"]});var Gs=new Si({"line-cap":new 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t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.possiblyEvaluate=function(e,r){return r=new pi(Math.floor(r.zoom),{now:r.now,fadeDuration:r.fadeDuration,zoomHistory:r.zoomHistory,transition:r.transition}),t.prototype.possiblyEvaluate.call(this,e,r)},e.prototype.evaluate=function(e,r,n,i){return r=u({},r,{zoom:Math.floor(r.zoom)}),t.prototype.evaluate.call(this,e,r,n,i)},e}(Ti))(Ys.paint.properties["line-width"].specification);Ws.useIntegerZoom=!0;var Zs=function(t){function e(e){t.call(this,e,Ys)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._handleSpecialPaintPropertyUpdate=function(t){"line-gradient"===t&&this._updateGradient()},e.prototype._updateGradient=function(){var 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e=ll(this);for(t=t||[];this.pos<e;)t.push(this.readSFixed32());return t},readPackedFixed64:function(t){if(this.type!==ol.Bytes)return t.push(this.readFixed64());var e=ll(this);for(t=t||[];this.pos<e;)t.push(this.readFixed64());return t},readPackedSFixed64:function(t){if(this.type!==ol.Bytes)return t.push(this.readSFixed64());var e=ll(this);for(t=t||[];this.pos<e;)t.push(this.readSFixed64());return t},skip:function(t){var e=7&t;if(e===ol.Varint)for(;this.buf[this.pos++]>127;);else if(e===ol.Bytes)this.pos=this.readVarint()+this.pos;else if(e===ol.Fixed32)this.pos+=4;else{if(e!==ol.Fixed64)throw new Error("Unimplemented type: "+e);this.pos+=8}},writeTag:function(t,e){this.writeVarint(t<<3|e)},realloc:function(t){for(var e=this.length||16;e<this.pos+t;)e*=2;if(e!==this.length){var r=new Uint8Array(e);r.set(this.buf),this.buf=r,this.length=e}},finish:function(){return 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r=(7&t)<<4;if(e.buf[e.pos++]|=r|((t>>>=3)?128:0),!t)return;if(e.buf[e.pos++]=127&t|((t>>>=7)?128:0),!t)return;if(e.buf[e.pos++]=127&t|((t>>>=7)?128:0),!t)return;if(e.buf[e.pos++]=127&t|((t>>>=7)?128:0),!t)return;if(e.buf[e.pos++]=127&t|((t>>>=7)?128:0),!t)return;e.buf[e.pos++]=127&t}(n,e)}(t,this):(this.realloc(4),this.buf[this.pos++]=127&t|(t>127?128:0),t<=127||(this.buf[this.pos++]=127&(t>>>=7)|(t>127?128:0),t<=127||(this.buf[this.pos++]=127&(t>>>=7)|(t>127?128:0),t<=127||(this.buf[this.pos++]=t>>>7&127))))},writeSVarint:function(t){this.writeVarint(t<0?2*-t-1:2*t)},writeBoolean:function(t){this.writeVarint(Boolean(t))},writeString:function(t){t=String(t),this.realloc(4*t.length),this.pos++;var e=this.pos;this.pos=function(t,e,r){for(var n,i,a=0;a<e.length;a++){if((n=e.charCodeAt(a))>55295&&n<57344){if(!i){n>56319||a+1===e.length?(t[r++]=239,t[r++]=191,t[r++]=189):i=n;continue}if(n<56320){t[r++]=239,t[r++]=191,t[r++]=189,i=n;continue}n=i-55296<<10|n-56320|65536,i=null}else 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n=this.pos-r;n>=128&&ul(r,n,this),this.pos=r-1,this.writeVarint(n),this.pos+=n},writeMessage:function(t,e,r){this.writeTag(t,ol.Bytes),this.writeRawMessage(e,r)},writePackedVarint:function(t,e){e.length&&this.writeMessage(t,fl,e)},writePackedSVarint:function(t,e){e.length&&this.writeMessage(t,hl,e)},writePackedBoolean:function(t,e){e.length&&this.writeMessage(t,ml,e)},writePackedFloat:function(t,e){e.length&&this.writeMessage(t,pl,e)},writePackedDouble:function(t,e){e.length&&this.writeMessage(t,dl,e)},writePackedFixed32:function(t,e){e.length&&this.writeMessage(t,gl,e)},writePackedSFixed32:function(t,e){e.length&&this.writeMessage(t,vl,e)},writePackedFixed64:function(t,e){e.length&&this.writeMessage(t,yl,e)},writePackedSFixed64:function(t,e){e.length&&this.writeMessage(t,xl,e)},writeBytesField:function(t,e){this.writeTag(t,ol.Bytes),this.writeBytes(e)},writeFixed32Field:function(t,e){this.writeTag(t,ol.Fixed32),this.writeFixed32(e)},writeSFixed32Field:function(t,e){this.writeTag(t,ol.Fixed32),this.writeSFixed32(e)},writeFixed64Field:function(t,e){this.writeTag(t,ol.Fixed64),this.writeFixed64(e)},writeSFixed64Field:function(t,e){this.writeTag(t,ol.Fixed64),this.writeSFixed64(e)},writeVarintField:function(t,e){this.writeTag(t,ol.Varint),this.writeVarint(e)},writeSVarintField:function(t,e){this.writeTag(t,ol.Varint),this.writeSVarint(e)},writeStringField:function(t,e){this.writeTag(t,ol.Bytes),this.writeString(e)},writeFloatField:function(t,e){this.writeTag(t,ol.Fixed32),this.writeFloat(e)},writeDoubleField:function(t,e){this.writeTag(t,ol.Fixed64),this.writeDouble(e)},writeBooleanField:function(t,e){this.writeVarintField(t,Boolean(e))}};function Tl(t,e,r){1===t&&r.readMessage(kl,e)}function kl(t,e,r){if(3===t){var n=r.readMessage(Al,{}),i=n.id,a=n.bitmap,o=n.width,s=n.height,l=n.left,c=n.top,u=n.advance;e.push({id:i,bitmap:new So({width:o+6,height:s+6},a),metrics:{width:o,height:s,left:l,top:c,advance:u}})}}function Al(t,e,r){1===t?e.id=r.readVarint():2===t?e.bitmap=r.readBytes():3===t?e.width=r.readVarint():4===t?e.height=r.readVarint():5===t?e.left=r.readSVarint():6===t?e.top=r.readSVarint():7===t&&(e.advance=r.readVarint())}function Ml(t){for(var e=0,r=0,n=0,i=t;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n];e+=a.w*a.h,r=Math.max(r,a.w)}t.sort((function(t,e){return e.h-t.h}));for(var o=[{x:0,y:0,w:Math.max(Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(e/.95)),r),h:1/0}],s=0,l=0,c=0,u=t;c<u.length;c+=1)for(var f=u[c],h=o.length-1;h>=0;h--){var p=o[h];if(!(f.w>p.w||f.h>p.h)){if(f.x=p.x,f.y=p.y,l=Math.max(l,f.y+f.h),s=Math.max(s,f.x+f.w),f.w===p.w&&f.h===p.h){var d=o.pop();h<o.length&&(o[h]=d)}else 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Eo({width:o||1,height:s||1});for(var c in t){var u=t[c],f=r[c].paddedRect;Eo.copy(u.data,l,{x:0,y:0},{x:f.x+1,y:f.y+1},u.data)}for(var h in e){var p=e[h],d=n[h].paddedRect,m=d.x+1,g=d.y+1,v=p.data.width,y=p.data.height;Eo.copy(p.data,l,{x:0,y:0},{x:m,y:g},p.data),Eo.copy(p.data,l,{x:0,y:y-1},{x:m,y:g-1},{width:v,height:1}),Eo.copy(p.data,l,{x:0,y:0},{x:m,y:g+y},{width:v,height:1}),Eo.copy(p.data,l,{x:v-1,y:0},{x:m-1,y:g},{width:1,height:y}),Eo.copy(p.data,l,{x:0,y:0},{x:m+v,y:g},{width:1,height:y})}this.image=l,this.iconPositions=r,this.patternPositions=n};Ll.prototype.addImages=function(t,e,r){for(var n in t){var i=t[n],a={x:0,y:0,w:i.data.width+2,h:i.data.height+2};r.push(a),e[n]=new Sl(a,i),i.hasRenderCallback&&this.haveRenderCallbacks.push(n)}},Ll.prototype.patchUpdatedImages=function(t,e){for(var r in t.dispatchRenderCallbacks(this.haveRenderCallbacks),t.updatedImages)this.patchUpdatedImage(this.iconPositions[r],t.getImage(r),e),this.patchUpdatedImage(this.patternPositions[r],t.getImage(r),e)},Ll.prototype.patchUpdatedImage=function(t,e,r){if(t&&e&&t.version!==e.version){t.version=e.version;var n=t.tl,i=n[0],a=n[1];r.update(e.data,void 0,{x:i,y:a})}},Nn("ImagePosition",Sl),Nn("ImageAtlas",Ll);var Cl={horizontal:1,vertical:2,horizontalOnly:3};var Pl=function(){this.scale=1,this.fontStack="",this.imageName=null};Pl.forText=function(t,e){var r=new Pl;return r.scale=t||1,r.fontStack=e,r},Pl.forImage=function(t){var e=new Pl;return e.imageName=t,e};var Il=function(){this.text="",this.sectionIndex=[],this.sections=[],this.imageSectionID=null};function Ol(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m){var g,v=Il.fromFeature(t,i);f===Cl.vertical&&v.verticalizePunctuation();var y=hi.processBidirectionalText,x=hi.processStyledBidirectionalText;if(y&&1===v.sections.length){g=[];for(var b=0,_=y(v.toString(),jl(v,c,a,e,n,p,d));b<_.length;b+=1){var w=_[b],T=new Il;T.text=w,T.sections=v.sections;for(var k=0;k<w.length;k++)T.sectionIndex.push(0);g.push(T)}}else if(x){g=[];for(var A=0,M=x(v.text,v.sectionIndex,jl(v,c,a,e,n,p,d));A<M.length;A+=1){var S=M[A],E=new Il;E.text=S[0],E.sectionIndex=S[1],E.sections=v.sections,g.push(E)}}else g=function(t,e){for(var r=[],n=t.text,i=0,a=0,o=e;a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a];r.push(t.substring(i,s)),i=s}return i<n.length&&r.push(t.substring(i,n.length)),r}(v,jl(v,c,a,e,n,p,d));var L=[],C={positionedLines:L,text:v.toString(),top:u[1],bottom:u[1],left:u[0],right:u[0],writingMode:f,iconsInText:!1,verticalizable:!1};return function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f){for(var h=0,p=-17,d=0,m=0,g="right"===s?1:"left"===s?0:.5,v=0,y=0,x=i;y<x.length;y+=1){var b=x[y];b.trim();var _=b.getMaxScale(),w=24*(_-1),T={positionedGlyphs:[],lineOffset:0};t.positionedLines[v]=T;var k=T.positionedGlyphs,A=0;if(b.length()){for(var M=0;M<b.length();M++){var S=b.getSection(M),E=b.getSectionIndex(M),L=b.getCharCode(M),C=0,P=null,I=null,O=null,z=24,D=!(l===Cl.horizontal||!u&&!Xn(L)||u&&(zl[L]||(Y=L,Yn.Arabic(Y)||Yn["Arabic Supplement"](Y)||Yn["Arabic Extended-A"](Y)||Yn["Arabic Presentation Forms-A"](Y)||Yn["Arabic Presentation Forms-B"](Y))));if(S.imageName){var R=n[S.imageName];if(!R)continue;O=S.imageName,t.iconsInText=t.iconsInText||!0,I=R.paddedRect;var F=R.displaySize;S.scale=24*S.scale/f,P={width:F[0],height:F[1],left:1,top:-3,advance:D?F[1]:F[0]};var B=24-F[1]*S.scale;C=w+B,z=P.advance;var N=D?F[0]*S.scale-24*_:F[1]*S.scale-24*_;N>0&&N>A&&(A=N)}else{var j=r[S.fontStack],U=j&&j[L];if(U&&U.rect)I=U.rect,P=U.metrics;else{var V=e[S.fontStack],H=V&&V[L];if(!H)continue;P=H.metrics}C=24*(_-S.scale)}D?(t.verticalizable=!0,k.push({glyph:L,imageName:O,x:h,y:p+C,vertical:D,scale:S.scale,fontStack:S.fontStack,sectionIndex:E,metrics:P,rect:I}),h+=z*S.scale+c):(k.push({glyph:L,imageName:O,x:h,y:p+C,vertical:D,scale:S.scale,fontStack:S.fontStack,sectionIndex:E,metrics:P,rect:I}),h+=P.advance*S.scale+c)}if(0!==k.length){var q=h-c;d=Math.max(q,d),Vl(k,0,k.length-1,g,A)}h=0;var G=a*_+A;T.lineOffset=Math.max(A,w),p+=G,m=Math.max(G,m),++v}else p+=a,++v}var Y;var W=p- -17,Z=Ul(o),X=Z.horizontalAlign,J=Z.verticalAlign;(function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l){var c=(e-r)*i,u=0;u=a!==o?-s*n- -17:(-n*l+.5)*o;for(var f=0,h=t;f<h.length;f+=1)for(var p=h[f],d=0,m=p.positionedGlyphs;d<m.length;d+=1){var g=m[d];g.x+=c,g.y+=u}})(t.positionedLines,g,X,J,d,m,a,W,i.length),t.top+=-J*W,t.bottom=t.top+W,t.left+=-X*d,t.right=t.left+d}(C,e,r,n,g,o,s,l,f,c,h,m),!function(t){for(var e=0,r=t;e<r.length;e+=1){if(0!==r[e].positionedGlyphs.length)return!1}return!0}(L)&&C}Il.fromFeature=function(t,e){for(var r=new Il,n=0;n<t.sections.length;n++){var i=t.sections[n];i.image?r.addImageSection(i):r.addTextSection(i,e)}return r},Il.prototype.length=function(){return this.text.length},Il.prototype.getSection=function(t){return this.sections[this.sectionIndex[t]]},Il.prototype.getSectionIndex=function(t){return this.sectionIndex[t]},Il.prototype.getCharCode=function(t){return this.text.charCodeAt(t)},Il.prototype.verticalizePunctuation=function(){this.text=function(t){for(var e="",r=0;r<t.length;r++){var n=t.charCodeAt(r+1)||null,i=t.charCodeAt(r-1)||null;(!n||!Jn(n)||rl[t[r+1]])&&(!i||!Jn(i)||rl[t[r-1]])&&rl[t[r]]?e+=rl[t[r]]:e+=t[r]}return e}(this.text)},Il.prototype.trim=function(){for(var t=0,e=0;e<this.text.length&&zl[this.text.charCodeAt(e)];e++)t++;for(var r=this.text.length,n=this.text.length-1;n>=0&&n>=t&&zl[this.text.charCodeAt(n)];n--)r--;this.text=this.text.substring(t,r),this.sectionIndex=this.sectionIndex.slice(t,r)},Il.prototype.substring=function(t,e){var r=new Il;return r.text=this.text.substring(t,e),r.sectionIndex=this.sectionIndex.slice(t,e),r.sections=this.sections,r},Il.prototype.toString=function(){return this.text},Il.prototype.getMaxScale=function(){var t=this;return this.sectionIndex.reduce((function(e,r){return Math.max(e,t.sections[r].scale)}),0)},Il.prototype.addTextSection=function(t,e){this.text+=t.text,this.sections.push(Pl.forText(t.scale,t.fontStack||e));for(var r=this.sections.length-1,n=0;n<t.text.length;++n)this.sectionIndex.push(r)},Il.prototype.addImageSection=function(t){var e=t.image?t.image.name:"";if(0!==e.length){var r=this.getNextImageSectionCharCode();r?(this.text+=String.fromCharCode(r),this.sections.push(Pl.forImage(e)),this.sectionIndex.push(this.sections.length-1)):_("Reached maximum number of images 6401")}else _("Can't add FormattedSection with an empty image.")},Il.prototype.getNextImageSectionCharCode=function(){return this.imageSectionID?this.imageSectionID>=63743?null:++this.imageSectionID:(this.imageSectionID=57344,this.imageSectionID)};var zl={9:!0,10:!0,11:!0,12:!0,13:!0,32:!0},Dl={};function Rl(t,e,r,n,i,a){if(e.imageName){var o=n[e.imageName];return o?o.displaySize[0]*e.scale*24/a+i:0}var s=r[e.fontStack],l=s&&s[t];return l?l.metrics.advance*e.scale+i:0}function Fl(t,e,r,n){var i=Math.pow(t-e,2);return n?t<e?i/2:2*i:i+Math.abs(r)*r}function Bl(t,e,r){var n=0;return 10===t&&(n-=1e4),r&&(n+=150),40!==t&&65288!==t||(n+=50),41!==e&&65289!==e||(n+=50),n}function Nl(t,e,r,n,i,a){for(var o=null,s=Fl(e,r,i,a),l=0,c=n;l<c.length;l+=1){var u=c[l],f=Fl(e-u.x,r,i,a)+u.badness;f<=s&&(o=u,s=f)}return{index:t,x:e,priorBreak:o,badness:s}}function jl(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){if("point"!==a)return[];if(!t)return[];for(var s,l=[],c=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){for(var o=0,s=0;s<t.length();s++){var l=t.getSection(s);o+=Rl(t.getCharCode(s),l,n,i,e,a)}return o/Math.max(1,Math.ceil(o/r))}(t,e,r,n,i,o),u=t.text.indexOf("\u200b")>=0,f=0,h=0;h<t.length();h++){var p=t.getSection(h),d=t.getCharCode(h);if(zl[d]||(f+=Rl(d,p,n,i,e,o)),h<t.length()-1){var m=!!(!((s=d)<11904)&&(Yn["Bopomofo Extended"](s)||Yn.Bopomofo(s)||Yn["CJK Compatibility Forms"](s)||Yn["CJK Compatibility Ideographs"](s)||Yn["CJK Compatibility"](s)||Yn["CJK Radicals Supplement"](s)||Yn["CJK Strokes"](s)||Yn["CJK Symbols and Punctuation"](s)||Yn["CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A"](s)||Yn["CJK Unified Ideographs"](s)||Yn["Enclosed CJK Letters and Months"](s)||Yn["Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms"](s)||Yn.Hiragana(s)||Yn["Ideographic Description Characters"](s)||Yn["Kangxi Radicals"](s)||Yn["Katakana Phonetic Extensions"](s)||Yn.Katakana(s)||Yn["Vertical Forms"](s)||Yn["Yi Radicals"](s)||Yn["Yi Syllables"](s)));(Dl[d]||m||p.imageName)&&l.push(Nl(h+1,f,c,l,Bl(d,t.getCharCode(h+1),m&&u),!1))}}return function t(e){return e?t(e.priorBreak).concat(e.index):[]}(Nl(t.length(),f,c,l,0,!0))}function Ul(t){var e=.5,r=.5;switch(t){case"right":case"top-right":case"bottom-right":e=1;break;case"left":case"top-left":case"bottom-left":e=0}switch(t){case"bottom":case"bottom-right":case"bottom-left":r=1;break;case"top":case"top-right":case"top-left":r=0}return{horizontalAlign:e,verticalAlign:r}}function Vl(t,e,r,n,i){if(n||i)for(var a=t[r],o=a.metrics.advance*a.scale,s=(t[r].x+o)*n,l=e;l<=r;l++)t[l].x-=s,t[l].y+=i}function Hl(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o,s=t.image;if(s.content){var l=s.content,c=s.pixelRatio||1;o=[l[0]/c,l[1]/c,s.displaySize[0]-l[2]/c,s.displaySize[1]-l[3]/c]}var u,f,h,p,d=e.left*a,m=e.right*a;"width"===r||"both"===r?(p=i[0]+d-n[3],f=i[0]+m+n[1]):f=(p=i[0]+(d+m-s.displaySize[0])/2)+s.displaySize[0];var g=e.top*a,v=e.bottom*a;return"height"===r||"both"===r?(u=i[1]+g-n[0],h=i[1]+v+n[2]):h=(u=i[1]+(g+v-s.displaySize[1])/2)+s.displaySize[1],{image:s,top:u,right:f,bottom:h,left:p,collisionPadding:o}}Dl[10]=!0,Dl[32]=!0,Dl[38]=!0,Dl[40]=!0,Dl[41]=!0,Dl[43]=!0,Dl[45]=!0,Dl[47]=!0,Dl[173]=!0,Dl[183]=!0,Dl[8203]=!0,Dl[8208]=!0,Dl[8211]=!0,Dl[8231]=!0;var ql=function(t){function e(e,r,n,i){t.call(this,e,r),this.angle=n,void 0!==i&&(this.segment=i)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.clone=function(){return new e(this.x,this.y,this.angle,this.segment)},e}(i);Nn("Anchor",ql);function Gl(t,e){var r=e.expression;if("constant"===r.kind)return{kind:"constant",layoutSize:r.evaluate(new pi(t+1))};if("source"===r.kind)return{kind:"source"};for(var n=r.zoomStops,i=r.interpolationType,a=0;a<n.length&&n[a]<=t;)a++;for(var o=a=Math.max(0,a-1);o<n.length&&n[o]<t+1;)o++;o=Math.min(n.length-1,o);var s=n[a],l=n[o];return"composite"===r.kind?{kind:"composite",minZoom:s,maxZoom:l,interpolationType:i}:{kind:"camera",minZoom:s,maxZoom:l,minSize:r.evaluate(new pi(s)),maxSize:r.evaluate(new pi(l)),interpolationType:i}}function Yl(t,e,r){var n=e.uSize,i=e.uSizeT,a=r.lowerSize,o=r.upperSize;return"source"===t.kind?a/128:"composite"===t.kind?qe(a/128,o/128,i):n}function Wl(t,e){var r=0,n=0;if("constant"===t.kind)n=t.layoutSize;else if("source"!==t.kind){var i=t.interpolationType,a=t.minZoom,o=t.maxZoom,s=i?l(or.interpolationFactor(i,e,a,o),0,1):0;"camera"===t.kind?n=qe(t.minSize,t.maxSize,s):r=s}return{uSizeT:r,uSize:n}}var Zl=Object.freeze({__proto__:null,getSizeData:Gl,evaluateSizeForFeature:Yl,evaluateSizeForZoom:Wl,SIZE_PACK_FACTOR:128});function Xl(t,e,r,n,i){if(void 0===e.segment)return!0;for(var a=e,o=e.segment+1,s=0;s>-r/2;){if(--o<0)return!1;s-=t[o].dist(a),a=t[o]}s+=t[o].dist(t[o+1]),o++;for(var l=[],c=0;s<r/2;){var u=t[o-1],f=t[o],h=t[o+1];if(!h)return!1;var p=u.angleTo(f)-f.angleTo(h);for(p=Math.abs((p+3*Math.PI)%(2*Math.PI)-Math.PI),l.push({distance:s,angleDelta:p}),c+=p;s-l[0].distance>n;)c-=l.shift().angleDelta;if(c>i)return!1;o++,s+=f.dist(h)}return!0}function Jl(t){for(var e=0,r=0;r<t.length-1;r++)e+=t[r].dist(t[r+1]);return e}function Kl(t,e,r){return t?.6*e*r:0}function Ql(t,e){return Math.max(t?t.right-t.left:0,e?e.right-e.left:0)}function $l(t,e,r,n,i,a){for(var o=Kl(r,i,a),s=Ql(r,n)*a,l=0,c=Jl(t)/2,u=0;u<t.length-1;u++){var f=t[u],h=t[u+1],p=f.dist(h);if(l+p>c){var d=(c-l)/p,m=qe(f.x,h.x,d),g=qe(f.y,h.y,d),v=new ql(m,g,h.angleTo(f),u);return v._round(),!o||Xl(t,v,s,o,e)?v:void 0}l+=p}}function tc(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l){var c=Kl(n,a,o),u=Ql(n,i),f=u*o,h=0===t[0].x||t[0].x===l||0===t[0].y||t[0].y===l;return e-f<e/4&&(e=f+e/4),function t(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c){for(var u=o/2,f=Jl(e),h=0,p=r-n,d=[],m=0;m<e.length-1;m++){for(var g=e[m],v=e[m+1],y=g.dist(v),x=v.angleTo(g);p+n<h+y;){var b=((p+=n)-h)/y,_=qe(g.x,v.x,b),w=qe(g.y,v.y,b);if(_>=0&&_<c&&w>=0&&w<c&&p-u>=0&&p+u<=f){var T=new ql(_,w,x,m);T._round(),i&&!Xl(e,T,o,i,a)||d.push(T)}}h+=y}l||d.length||s||(d=t(e,h/2,n,i,a,o,s,!0,c));return d}(t,h?e/2*s%e:(u/2+2*a)*o*s%e,e,c,r,f,h,!1,l)}function ec(t,e,r,n,a){for(var o=[],s=0;s<t.length;s++)for(var l=t[s],c=void 0,u=0;u<l.length-1;u++){var f=l[u],h=l[u+1];f.x<e&&h.x<e||(f.x<e?f=new i(e,f.y+(h.y-f.y)*((e-f.x)/(h.x-f.x)))._round():h.x<e&&(h=new i(e,f.y+(h.y-f.y)*((e-f.x)/(h.x-f.x)))._round()),f.y<r&&h.y<r||(f.y<r?f=new i(f.x+(h.x-f.x)*((r-f.y)/(h.y-f.y)),r)._round():h.y<r&&(h=new i(f.x+(h.x-f.x)*((r-f.y)/(h.y-f.y)),r)._round()),f.x>=n&&h.x>=n||(f.x>=n?f=new i(n,f.y+(h.y-f.y)*((n-f.x)/(h.x-f.x)))._round():h.x>=n&&(h=new i(n,f.y+(h.y-f.y)*((n-f.x)/(h.x-f.x)))._round()),f.y>=a&&h.y>=a||(f.y>=a?f=new i(f.x+(h.x-f.x)*((a-f.y)/(h.y-f.y)),a)._round():h.y>=a&&(h=new i(f.x+(h.x-f.x)*((a-f.y)/(h.y-f.y)),a)._round()),c&&f.equals(c[c.length-1])||(c=[f],o.push(c)),c.push(h)))))}return o}function rc(t,e,r,n){var a=[],o=t.image,s=o.pixelRatio,l=o.paddedRect.w-2,c=o.paddedRect.h-2,u=t.right-t.left,f=t.bottom-t.top,h=o.stretchX||[[0,l]],p=o.stretchY||[[0,c]],d=function(t,e){return t+e[1]-e[0]},m=h.reduce(d,0),g=p.reduce(d,0),v=l-m,y=c-g,x=0,b=m,_=0,w=g,T=0,k=v,A=0,M=y;if(o.content&&n){var S=o.content;x=nc(h,0,S[0]),_=nc(p,0,S[1]),b=nc(h,S[0],S[2]),w=nc(p,S[1],S[3]),T=S[0]-x,A=S[1]-_,k=S[2]-S[0]-b,M=S[3]-S[1]-w}var E=function(n,a,l,c){var h=ac(n.stretch-x,b,u,t.left),p=oc(n.fixed-T,k,n.stretch,m),d=ac(a.stretch-_,w,f,t.top),v=oc(a.fixed-A,M,a.stretch,g),y=ac(l.stretch-x,b,u,t.left),S=oc(l.fixed-T,k,l.stretch,m),E=ac(c.stretch-_,w,f,t.top),L=oc(c.fixed-A,M,c.stretch,g),C=new i(h,d),P=new i(y,d),I=new i(y,E),O=new i(h,E),z=new i(p/s,v/s),D=new i(S/s,L/s),R=e*Math.PI/180;if(R){var F=Math.sin(R),B=Math.cos(R),N=[B,-F,F,B];C._matMult(N),P._matMult(N),O._matMult(N),I._matMult(N)}var j=n.stretch+n.fixed,U=l.stretch+l.fixed,V=a.stretch+a.fixed,H=c.stretch+c.fixed;return{tl:C,tr:P,bl:O,br:I,tex:{x:o.paddedRect.x+1+j,y:o.paddedRect.y+1+V,w:U-j,h:H-V},writingMode:void 0,glyphOffset:[0,0],sectionIndex:0,pixelOffsetTL:z,pixelOffsetBR:D,minFontScaleX:k/s/u,minFontScaleY:M/s/f,isSDF:r}};if(n&&(o.stretchX||o.stretchY))for(var L=ic(h,v,m),C=ic(p,y,g),P=0;P<L.length-1;P++)for(var I=L[P],O=L[P+1],z=0;z<C.length-1;z++){var D=C[z],R=C[z+1];a.push(E(I,D,O,R))}else a.push(E({fixed:0,stretch:-1},{fixed:0,stretch:-1},{fixed:0,stretch:l+1},{fixed:0,stretch:c+1}));return a}function nc(t,e,r){for(var n=0,i=0,a=t;i<a.length;i+=1){var o=a[i];n+=Math.max(e,Math.min(r,o[1]))-Math.max(e,Math.min(r,o[0]))}return n}function ic(t,e,r){for(var n=[{fixed:-1,stretch:0}],i=0,a=t;i<a.length;i+=1){var o=a[i],s=o[0],l=o[1],c=n[n.length-1];n.push({fixed:s-c.stretch,stretch:c.stretch}),n.push({fixed:s-c.stretch,stretch:c.stretch+(l-s)})}return n.push({fixed:e+1,stretch:r}),n}function ac(t,e,r,n){return t/e*r+n}function oc(t,e,r,n){return t-e*r/n}var sc=function(t,e,r,n,a,o,s,l,c,u){if(this.boxStartIndex=t.length,c){var f=o.top,h=o.bottom,p=o.collisionPadding;p&&(f-=p[1],h+=p[3]);var d=h-f;d>0&&(d=Math.max(10,d),this.circleDiameter=d)}else{var m=o.top*s-l,g=o.bottom*s+l,v=o.left*s-l,y=o.right*s+l,x=o.collisionPadding;if(x&&(v-=x[0]*s,m-=x[1]*s,y+=x[2]*s,g+=x[3]*s),u){var b=new i(v,m),_=new i(y,m),w=new i(v,g),T=new i(y,g),k=u*Math.PI/180;b._rotate(k),_._rotate(k),w._rotate(k),T._rotate(k),v=Math.min(b.x,_.x,w.x,T.x),y=Math.max(b.x,_.x,w.x,T.x),m=Math.min(b.y,_.y,w.y,T.y),g=Math.max(b.y,_.y,w.y,T.y)}t.emplaceBack(e.x,e.y,v,m,y,g,r,n,a)}this.boxEndIndex=t.length},lc=function(t,e){if(void 0===t&&(t=[]),void 0===e&&(e=cc),this.data=t,this.length=this.data.length,this.compare=e,this.length>0)for(var r=(this.length>>1)-1;r>=0;r--)this._down(r)};function cc(t,e){return t<e?-1:t>e?1:0}function uc(t,e,r){void 0===e&&(e=1),void 0===r&&(r=!1);for(var n=1/0,a=1/0,o=-1/0,s=-1/0,l=t[0],c=0;c<l.length;c++){var u=l[c];(!c||u.x<n)&&(n=u.x),(!c||u.y<a)&&(a=u.y),(!c||u.x>o)&&(o=u.x),(!c||u.y>s)&&(s=u.y)}var f=o-n,h=s-a,p=Math.min(f,h),d=p/2,m=new lc([],fc);if(0===p)return new i(n,a);for(var g=n;g<o;g+=p)for(var v=a;v<s;v+=p)m.push(new hc(g+d,v+d,d,t));for(var y=function(t){for(var e=0,r=0,n=0,i=t[0],a=0,o=i.length,s=o-1;a<o;s=a++){var l=i[a],c=i[s],u=l.x*c.y-c.x*l.y;r+=(l.x+c.x)*u,n+=(l.y+c.y)*u,e+=3*u}return new hc(r/e,n/e,0,t)}(t),x=m.length;m.length;){var b=m.pop();(b.d>y.d||!y.d)&&(y=b,r&&console.log("found best %d after %d probes",Math.round(1e4*b.d)/1e4,x)),b.max-y.d<=e||(d=b.h/2,m.push(new hc(b.p.x-d,b.p.y-d,d,t)),m.push(new hc(b.p.x+d,b.p.y-d,d,t)),m.push(new hc(b.p.x-d,b.p.y+d,d,t)),m.push(new hc(b.p.x+d,b.p.y+d,d,t)),x+=4)}return r&&(console.log("num probes: "+x),console.log("best distance: "+y.d)),y.p}function fc(t,e){return e.max-t.max}function hc(t,e,r,n){this.p=new i(t,e),this.h=r,this.d=function(t,e){for(var r=!1,n=1/0,i=0;i<e.length;i++)for(var a=e[i],o=0,s=a.length,l=s-1;o<s;l=o++){var c=a[o],u=a[l];c.y>t.y!=u.y>t.y&&t.x<(u.x-c.x)*(t.y-c.y)/(u.y-c.y)+c.x&&(r=!r),n=Math.min(n,ro(t,c,u))}return(r?1:-1)*Math.sqrt(n)}(this.p,n),this.max=this.d+this.h*Math.SQRT2}lc.prototype.push=function(t){this.data.push(t),this.length++,this._up(this.length-1)},lc.prototype.pop=function(){if(0!==this.length){var t=this.data[0],e=this.data.pop();return this.length--,this.length>0&&(this.data[0]=e,this._down(0)),t}},lc.prototype.peek=function(){return this.data[0]},lc.prototype._up=function(t){for(var e=this.data,r=this.compare,n=e[t];t>0;){var i=t-1>>1,a=e[i];if(r(n,a)>=0)break;e[t]=a,t=i}e[t]=n},lc.prototype._down=function(t){for(var e=this.data,r=this.compare,n=this.length>>1,i=e[t];t<n;){var a=1+(t<<1),o=e[a],s=a+1;if(s<this.length&&r(e[s],o)<0&&(a=s,o=e[s]),r(o,i)>=0)break;e[t]=o,t=a}e[t]=i};var pc=Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY;function dc(t,e){return e[1]!==pc?function(t,e,r){var n=0,i=0;switch(e=Math.abs(e),r=Math.abs(r),t){case"top-right":case"top-left":case"top":i=r-7;break;case"bottom-right":case"bottom-left":case"bottom":i=7-r}switch(t){case"top-right":case"bottom-right":case"right":n=-e;break;case"top-left":case"bottom-left":case"left":n=e}return[n,i]}(t,e[0],e[1]):function(t,e){var r=0,n=0;e<0&&(e=0);var i=e/Math.sqrt(2);switch(t){case"top-right":case"top-left":n=i-7;break;case"bottom-right":case"bottom-left":n=7-i;break;case"bottom":n=7-e;break;case"top":n=e-7}switch(t){case"top-right":case"bottom-right":r=-i;break;case"top-left":case"bottom-left":r=i;break;case"left":r=e;break;case"right":r=-e}return[r,n]}(t,e[0])}function mc(t){switch(t){case"right":case"top-right":case"bottom-right":return"right";case"left":case"top-left":case"bottom-left":return"left"}return"center"}function gc(t,e,r,n,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m){var g=function(t,e,r,n,a,o,s,l){for(var c=n.layout.get("text-rotate").evaluate(o,{})*Math.PI/180,u=[],f=0,h=e.positionedLines;f<h.length;f+=1)for(var p=h[f],d=0,m=p.positionedGlyphs;d<m.length;d+=1){var g=m[d];if(g.rect){var v=g.rect||{},y=4,x=!0,b=1,_=0,w=(a||l)&&g.vertical,T=g.metrics.advance*g.scale/2;if(l&&e.verticalizable){var k=24*(g.scale-1),A=(24-g.metrics.width*g.scale)/2;_=p.lineOffset/2-(g.imageName?-A:k)}if(g.imageName){var M=s[g.imageName];x=M.sdf,y=1/(b=M.pixelRatio)}var S=a?[g.x+T,g.y]:[0,0],E=a?[0,0]:[g.x+T+r[0],g.y+r[1]-_],L=[0,0];w&&(L=E,E=[0,0]);var C=(g.metrics.left-y)*g.scale-T+E[0],P=(-g.metrics.top-y)*g.scale+E[1],I=C+v.w*g.scale/b,O=P+v.h*g.scale/b,z=new i(C,P),D=new i(I,P),R=new i(C,O),F=new i(I,O);if(w){var B=new i(-T,T- -17),N=-Math.PI/2,j=12-T,U=g.imageName?j:0,V=new i(22-j,-U),H=new(Function.prototype.bind.apply(i,[null].concat(L)));z._rotateAround(N,B)._add(V)._add(H),D._rotateAround(N,B)._add(V)._add(H),R._rotateAround(N,B)._add(V)._add(H),F._rotateAround(N,B)._add(V)._add(H)}if(c){var q=Math.sin(c),G=Math.cos(c),Y=[G,-q,q,G];z._matMult(Y),D._matMult(Y),R._matMult(Y),F._matMult(Y)}var W=new i(0,0),Z=new i(0,0);u.push({tl:z,tr:D,bl:R,br:F,tex:v,writingMode:e.writingMode,glyphOffset:S,sectionIndex:g.sectionIndex,isSDF:x,pixelOffsetTL:W,pixelOffsetBR:Z,minFontScaleX:0,minFontScaleY:0})}}return u}(0,r,l,a,o,s,n,t.allowVerticalPlacement),v=t.textSizeData,y=null;"source"===v.kind?(y=[128*a.layout.get("text-size").evaluate(s,{})])[0]>32640&&_(t.layerIds[0]+': Value for "text-size" is >= 255. Reduce your "text-size".'):"composite"===v.kind&&((y=[128*d.compositeTextSizes[0].evaluate(s,{},m),128*d.compositeTextSizes[1].evaluate(s,{},m)])[0]>32640||y[1]>32640)&&_(t.layerIds[0]+': Value for "text-size" is >= 255. Reduce your "text-size".'),t.addSymbols(t.text,g,y,l,o,s,u,e,c.lineStartIndex,c.lineLength,p,m);for(var x=0,b=f;x<b.length;x+=1){h[b[x]]=t.text.placedSymbolArray.length-1}return 4*g.length}function vc(t){for(var e in t)return t[e];return null}function yc(t,e,r,n){var i=t.compareText;if(e in i){for(var a=i[e],o=a.length-1;o>=0;o--)if(n.dist(a[o])<r)return!0}else i[e]=[];return i[e].push(n),!1}var xc=Ls.VectorTileFeature.types,bc=[{name:"a_fade_opacity",components:1,type:"Uint8",offset:0}];function _c(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h){var p=s?Math.min(32640,Math.round(s[0])):0,d=s?Math.min(32640,Math.round(s[1])):0;t.emplaceBack(e,r,Math.round(32*n),Math.round(32*i),a,o,(p<<1)+(l?1:0),d,16*c,16*u,256*f,256*h)}function wc(t,e,r){t.emplaceBack(e.x,e.y,r),t.emplaceBack(e.x,e.y,r),t.emplaceBack(e.x,e.y,r),t.emplaceBack(e.x,e.y,r)}function Tc(t){for(var e=0,r=t.sections;e<r.length;e+=1){if($n(r[e].text))return!0}return!1}var kc=function(t){this.layoutVertexArray=new Ni,this.indexArray=new Yi,this.programConfigurations=t,this.segments=new pa,this.dynamicLayoutVertexArray=new ji,this.opacityVertexArray=new Ui,this.placedSymbolArray=new aa};kc.prototype.isEmpty=function(){return 0===this.layoutVertexArray.length&&0===this.indexArray.length&&0===this.dynamicLayoutVertexArray.length&&0===this.opacityVertexArray.length},kc.prototype.upload=function(t,e,r,n){this.isEmpty()||(r&&(this.layoutVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.layoutVertexArray,Js.members),this.indexBuffer=t.createIndexBuffer(this.indexArray,e),this.dynamicLayoutVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.dynamicLayoutVertexArray,Ks.members,!0),this.opacityVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.opacityVertexArray,bc,!0),this.opacityVertexBuffer.itemSize=1),(r||n)&&this.programConfigurations.upload(t))},kc.prototype.destroy=function(){this.layoutVertexBuffer&&(this.layoutVertexBuffer.destroy(),this.indexBuffer.destroy(),this.programConfigurations.destroy(),this.segments.destroy(),this.dynamicLayoutVertexBuffer.destroy(),this.opacityVertexBuffer.destroy())},Nn("SymbolBuffers",kc);var Ac=function(t,e,r){this.layoutVertexArray=new t,this.layoutAttributes=e,this.indexArray=new r,this.segments=new pa,this.collisionVertexArray=new Gi};Ac.prototype.upload=function(t){this.layoutVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.layoutVertexArray,this.layoutAttributes),this.indexBuffer=t.createIndexBuffer(this.indexArray),this.collisionVertexBuffer=t.createVertexBuffer(this.collisionVertexArray,Qs.members,!0)},Ac.prototype.destroy=function(){this.layoutVertexBuffer&&(this.layoutVertexBuffer.destroy(),this.indexBuffer.destroy(),this.segments.destroy(),this.collisionVertexBuffer.destroy())},Nn("CollisionBuffers",Ac);var Mc=function(t){this.collisionBoxArray=t.collisionBoxArray,this.zoom=t.zoom,this.overscaling=t.overscaling,this.layers=t.layers,this.layerIds=this.layers.map((function(t){return t.id})),this.index=t.index,this.pixelRatio=t.pixelRatio,this.sourceLayerIndex=t.sourceLayerIndex,this.hasPattern=!1,this.hasRTLText=!1,this.sortKeyRanges=[],this.collisionCircleArray=[],this.placementInvProjMatrix=ho([]),this.placementViewportMatrix=ho([]);var e=this.layers[0]._unevaluatedLayout._values;this.textSizeData=Gl(this.zoom,e["text-size"]),this.iconSizeData=Gl(this.zoom,e["icon-size"]);var r=this.layers[0].layout,n=r.get("symbol-sort-key"),i=r.get("symbol-z-order");this.sortFeaturesByKey="viewport-y"!==i&&void 0!==n.constantOr(1);var a="viewport-y"===i||"auto"===i&&!this.sortFeaturesByKey;this.sortFeaturesByY=a&&(r.get("text-allow-overlap")||r.get("icon-allow-overlap")||r.get("text-ignore-placement")||r.get("icon-ignore-placement")),"point"===r.get("symbol-placement")&&(this.writingModes=r.get("text-writing-mode").map((function(t){return Cl[t]}))),this.stateDependentLayerIds=this.layers.filter((function(t){return t.isStateDependent()})).map((function(t){return t.id})),this.sourceID=t.sourceID};Mc.prototype.createArrays=function(){this.text=new kc(new Ua(Js.members,this.layers,this.zoom,(function(t){return/^text/.test(t)}))),this.icon=new kc(new Ua(Js.members,this.layers,this.zoom,(function(t){return/^icon/.test(t)}))),this.glyphOffsetArray=new la,this.lineVertexArray=new ca,this.symbolInstances=new sa},Mc.prototype.calculateGlyphDependencies=function(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a=0;a<t.length;a++)if(e[t.charCodeAt(a)]=!0,(r||n)&&i){var o=rl[t.charAt(a)];o&&(e[o.charCodeAt(0)]=!0)}},Mc.prototype.populate=function(t,e,r){var n=this.layers[0],i=n.layout,a=i.get("text-font"),o=i.get("text-field"),s=i.get("icon-image"),l=("constant"!==o.value.kind||o.value.value instanceof ne&&!o.value.value.isEmpty()||o.value.value.toString().length>0)&&("constant"!==a.value.kind||a.value.value.length>0),c="constant"!==s.value.kind||!!s.value.value||Object.keys(s.parameters).length>0,u=i.get("symbol-sort-key");if(this.features=[],l||c){for(var f=e.iconDependencies,h=e.glyphDependencies,p=e.availableImages,d=new pi(this.zoom),m=0,g=t;m<g.length;m+=1){var v=g[m],y=v.feature,x=v.id,b=v.index,_=v.sourceLayerIndex,w=n._featureFilter.needGeometry,T={type:y.type,id:x,properties:y.properties,geometry:w?Ya(y):[]};if(n._featureFilter.filter(d,T,r)){w||(T.geometry=Ya(y));var k=void 0;if(l){var A=n.getValueAndResolveTokens("text-field",T,r,p),M=ne.factory(A);Tc(M)&&(this.hasRTLText=!0),(!this.hasRTLText||"unavailable"===ui()||this.hasRTLText&&hi.isParsed())&&(k=el(M,n,T))}var S=void 0;if(c){var E=n.getValueAndResolveTokens("icon-image",T,r,p);S=E instanceof ie?E:ie.fromString(E)}if(k||S){var L=this.sortFeaturesByKey?u.evaluate(T,{},r):void 0,C={id:x,text:k,icon:S,index:b,sourceLayerIndex:_,geometry:Ya(y),properties:y.properties,type:xc[y.type],sortKey:L};if(this.features.push(C),S&&(f[S.name]=!0),k){var P=a.evaluate(T,{},r).join(","),I="map"===i.get("text-rotation-alignment")&&"point"!==i.get("symbol-placement");this.allowVerticalPlacement=this.writingModes&&this.writingModes.indexOf(Cl.vertical)>=0;for(var O=0,z=k.sections;O<z.length;O+=1){var D=z[O];if(D.image)f[D.image.name]=!0;else{var R=Wn(k.toString()),F=D.fontStack||P,B=h[F]=h[F]||{};this.calculateGlyphDependencies(D.text,B,I,this.allowVerticalPlacement,R)}}}}}}"line"===i.get("symbol-placement")&&(this.features=function(t){var e={},r={},n=[],i=0;function a(e){n.push(t[e]),i++}function o(t,e,i){var a=r[t];return delete r[t],r[e]=a,n[a].geometry[0].pop(),n[a].geometry[0]=n[a].geometry[0].concat(i[0]),a}function s(t,r,i){var a=e[r];return delete e[r],e[t]=a,n[a].geometry[0].shift(),n[a].geometry[0]=i[0].concat(n[a].geometry[0]),a}function l(t,e,r){var n=r?e[0][e[0].length-1]:e[0][0];return t+":"+n.x+":"+n.y}for(var c=0;c<t.length;c++){var u=t[c],f=u.geometry,h=u.text?u.text.toString():null;if(h){var p=l(h,f),d=l(h,f,!0);if(p in r&&d in e&&r[p]!==e[d]){var m=s(p,d,f),g=o(p,d,n[m].geometry);delete e[p],delete r[d],r[l(h,n[g].geometry,!0)]=g,n[m].geometry=null}else p in r?o(p,d,f):d in e?s(p,d,f):(a(c),e[p]=i-1,r[d]=i-1)}else a(c)}return n.filter((function(t){return t.geometry}))}(this.features)),this.sortFeaturesByKey&&this.features.sort((function(t,e){return t.sortKey-e.sortKey}))}},Mc.prototype.update=function(t,e,r){this.stateDependentLayers.length&&(this.text.programConfigurations.updatePaintArrays(t,e,this.layers,r),this.icon.programConfigurations.updatePaintArrays(t,e,this.layers,r))},Mc.prototype.isEmpty=function(){return 0===this.symbolInstances.length&&!this.hasRTLText},Mc.prototype.uploadPending=function(){return!this.uploaded||this.text.programConfigurations.needsUpload||this.icon.programConfigurations.needsUpload},Mc.prototype.upload=function(t){!this.uploaded&&this.hasDebugData()&&(this.textCollisionBox.upload(t),this.iconCollisionBox.upload(t)),this.text.upload(t,this.sortFeaturesByY,!this.uploaded,this.text.programConfigurations.needsUpload),this.icon.upload(t,this.sortFeaturesByY,!this.uploaded,this.icon.programConfigurations.needsUpload),this.uploaded=!0},Mc.prototype.destroyDebugData=function(){this.textCollisionBox.destroy(),this.iconCollisionBox.destroy()},Mc.prototype.destroy=function(){this.text.destroy(),this.icon.destroy(),this.hasDebugData()&&this.destroyDebugData()},Mc.prototype.addToLineVertexArray=function(t,e){var r=this.lineVertexArray.length;if(void 0!==t.segment){for(var n=t.dist(e[t.segment+1]),i=t.dist(e[t.segment]),a={},o=t.segment+1;o<e.length;o++)a[o]={x:e[o].x,y:e[o].y,tileUnitDistanceFromAnchor:n},o<e.length-1&&(n+=e[o+1].dist(e[o]));for(var s=t.segment||0;s>=0;s--)a[s]={x:e[s].x,y:e[s].y,tileUnitDistanceFromAnchor:i},s>0&&(i+=e[s-1].dist(e[s]));for(var l=0;l<e.length;l++){var c=a[l];this.lineVertexArray.emplaceBack(c.x,c.y,c.tileUnitDistanceFromAnchor)}}return{lineStartIndex:r,lineLength:this.lineVertexArray.length-r}},Mc.prototype.addSymbols=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f){for(var h=t.indexArray,p=t.layoutVertexArray,d=t.segments.prepareSegment(4*e.length,p,h,a.sortKey),m=this.glyphOffsetArray.length,g=d.vertexLength,v=this.allowVerticalPlacement&&o===Cl.vertical?Math.PI/2:0,y=a.text&&a.text.sections,x=0;x<e.length;x++){var b=e[x],_=b.tl,w=b.tr,T=b.bl,k=b.br,A=b.tex,M=b.pixelOffsetTL,S=b.pixelOffsetBR,E=b.minFontScaleX,L=b.minFontScaleY,C=b.glyphOffset,P=b.isSDF,I=b.sectionIndex,O=d.vertexLength,z=C[1];_c(p,s.x,s.y,_.x,z+_.y,A.x,A.y,r,P,M.x,M.y,E,L),_c(p,s.x,s.y,w.x,z+w.y,A.x+A.w,A.y,r,P,S.x,M.y,E,L),_c(p,s.x,s.y,T.x,z+T.y,A.x,A.y+A.h,r,P,M.x,S.y,E,L),_c(p,s.x,s.y,k.x,z+k.y,A.x+A.w,A.y+A.h,r,P,S.x,S.y,E,L),wc(t.dynamicLayoutVertexArray,s,v),h.emplaceBack(O,O+1,O+2),h.emplaceBack(O+1,O+2,O+3),d.vertexLength+=4,d.primitiveLength+=2,this.glyphOffsetArray.emplaceBack(C[0]),x!==e.length-1&&I===e[x+1].sectionIndex||t.programConfigurations.populatePaintArrays(p.length,a,a.index,{},f,y&&y[I])}t.placedSymbolArray.emplaceBack(s.x,s.y,m,this.glyphOffsetArray.length-m,g,l,c,s.segment,r?r[0]:0,r?r[1]:0,n[0],n[1],o,0,!1,0,u)},Mc.prototype._addCollisionDebugVertex=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){return e.emplaceBack(0,0),t.emplaceBack(r.x,r.y,n,i,Math.round(a.x),Math.round(a.y))},Mc.prototype.addCollisionDebugVertices=function(t,e,r,n,a,o,s){var l=a.segments.prepareSegment(4,a.layoutVertexArray,a.indexArray),c=l.vertexLength,u=a.layoutVertexArray,f=a.collisionVertexArray,h=s.anchorX,p=s.anchorY;this._addCollisionDebugVertex(u,f,o,h,p,new i(t,e)),this._addCollisionDebugVertex(u,f,o,h,p,new i(r,e)),this._addCollisionDebugVertex(u,f,o,h,p,new i(r,n)),this._addCollisionDebugVertex(u,f,o,h,p,new i(t,n)),l.vertexLength+=4;var d=a.indexArray;d.emplaceBack(c,c+1),d.emplaceBack(c+1,c+2),d.emplaceBack(c+2,c+3),d.emplaceBack(c+3,c),l.primitiveLength+=4},Mc.prototype.addDebugCollisionBoxes=function(t,e,r,n){for(var i=t;i<e;i++){var a=this.collisionBoxArray.get(i),o=a.x1,s=a.y1,l=a.x2,c=a.y2;this.addCollisionDebugVertices(o,s,l,c,n?this.textCollisionBox:this.iconCollisionBox,a.anchorPoint,r)}},Mc.prototype.generateCollisionDebugBuffers=function(){this.hasDebugData()&&this.destroyDebugData(),this.textCollisionBox=new Ac(Hi,$s.members,Qi),this.iconCollisionBox=new Ac(Hi,$s.members,Qi);for(var t=0;t<this.symbolInstances.length;t++){var e=this.symbolInstances.get(t);this.addDebugCollisionBoxes(e.textBoxStartIndex,e.textBoxEndIndex,e,!0),this.addDebugCollisionBoxes(e.verticalTextBoxStartIndex,e.verticalTextBoxEndIndex,e,!0),this.addDebugCollisionBoxes(e.iconBoxStartIndex,e.iconBoxEndIndex,e,!1),this.addDebugCollisionBoxes(e.verticalIconBoxStartIndex,e.verticalIconBoxEndIndex,e,!1)}},Mc.prototype._deserializeCollisionBoxesForSymbol=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l){for(var c={},u=e;u<r;u++){var f=t.get(u);c.textBox={x1:f.x1,y1:f.y1,x2:f.x2,y2:f.y2,anchorPointX:f.anchorPointX,anchorPointY:f.anchorPointY},c.textFeatureIndex=f.featureIndex;break}for(var h=n;h<i;h++){var p=t.get(h);c.verticalTextBox={x1:p.x1,y1:p.y1,x2:p.x2,y2:p.y2,anchorPointX:p.anchorPointX,anchorPointY:p.anchorPointY},c.verticalTextFeatureIndex=p.featureIndex;break}for(var d=a;d<o;d++){var m=t.get(d);c.iconBox={x1:m.x1,y1:m.y1,x2:m.x2,y2:m.y2,anchorPointX:m.anchorPointX,anchorPointY:m.anchorPointY},c.iconFeatureIndex=m.featureIndex;break}for(var g=s;g<l;g++){var v=t.get(g);c.verticalIconBox={x1:v.x1,y1:v.y1,x2:v.x2,y2:v.y2,anchorPointX:v.anchorPointX,anchorPointY:v.anchorPointY},c.verticalIconFeatureIndex=v.featureIndex;break}return c},Mc.prototype.deserializeCollisionBoxes=function(t){this.collisionArrays=[];for(var e=0;e<this.symbolInstances.length;e++){var r=this.symbolInstances.get(e);this.collisionArrays.push(this._deserializeCollisionBoxesForSymbol(t,r.textBoxStartIndex,r.textBoxEndIndex,r.verticalTextBoxStartIndex,r.verticalTextBoxEndIndex,r.iconBoxStartIndex,r.iconBoxEndIndex,r.verticalIconBoxStartIndex,r.verticalIconBoxEndIndex))}},Mc.prototype.hasTextData=function(){return this.text.segments.get().length>0},Mc.prototype.hasIconData=function(){return this.icon.segments.get().length>0},Mc.prototype.hasDebugData=function(){return this.textCollisionBox&&this.iconCollisionBox},Mc.prototype.hasTextCollisionBoxData=function(){return this.hasDebugData()&&this.textCollisionBox.segments.get().length>0},Mc.prototype.hasIconCollisionBoxData=function(){return this.hasDebugData()&&this.iconCollisionBox.segments.get().length>0},Mc.prototype.addIndicesForPlacedSymbol=function(t,e){for(var r=t.placedSymbolArray.get(e),n=r.vertexStartIndex+4*r.numGlyphs,i=r.vertexStartIndex;i<n;i+=4)t.indexArray.emplaceBack(i,i+1,i+2),t.indexArray.emplaceBack(i+1,i+2,i+3)},Mc.prototype.getSortedSymbolIndexes=function(t){if(this.sortedAngle===t&&void 0!==this.symbolInstanceIndexes)return this.symbolInstanceIndexes;for(var e=Math.sin(t),r=Math.cos(t),n=[],i=[],a=[],o=0;o<this.symbolInstances.length;++o){a.push(o);var s=this.symbolInstances.get(o);n.push(0|Math.round(e*s.anchorX+r*s.anchorY)),i.push(s.featureIndex)}return a.sort((function(t,e){return n[t]-n[e]||i[e]-i[t]})),a},Mc.prototype.addToSortKeyRanges=function(t,e){var r=this.sortKeyRanges[this.sortKeyRanges.length-1];r&&r.sortKey===e?r.symbolInstanceEnd=t+1:this.sortKeyRanges.push({sortKey:e,symbolInstanceStart:t,symbolInstanceEnd:t+1})},Mc.prototype.sortFeatures=function(t){var e=this;if(this.sortFeaturesByY&&this.sortedAngle!==t&&!(this.text.segments.get().length>1||this.icon.segments.get().length>1)){this.symbolInstanceIndexes=this.getSortedSymbolIndexes(t),this.sortedAngle=t,this.text.indexArray.clear(),this.icon.indexArray.clear(),this.featureSortOrder=[];for(var r=0,n=this.symbolInstanceIndexes;r<n.length;r+=1){var i=n[r],a=this.symbolInstances.get(i);this.featureSortOrder.push(a.featureIndex),[a.rightJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,a.centerJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,a.leftJustifiedTextSymbolIndex].forEach((function(t,r,n){t>=0&&n.indexOf(t)===r&&e.addIndicesForPlacedSymbol(e.text,t)})),a.verticalPlacedTextSymbolIndex>=0&&this.addIndicesForPlacedSymbol(this.text,a.verticalPlacedTextSymbolIndex),a.placedIconSymbolIndex>=0&&this.addIndicesForPlacedSymbol(this.icon,a.placedIconSymbolIndex),a.verticalPlacedIconSymbolIndex>=0&&this.addIndicesForPlacedSymbol(this.icon,a.verticalPlacedIconSymbolIndex)}this.text.indexBuffer&&this.text.indexBuffer.updateData(this.text.indexArray),this.icon.indexBuffer&&this.icon.indexBuffer.updateData(this.icon.indexArray)}},Nn("SymbolBucket",Mc,{omit:["layers","collisionBoxArray","features","compareText"]}),Mc.MAX_GLYPHS=65535,Mc.addDynamicAttributes=wc;var Sc=new Si({"symbol-placement":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["symbol-placement"]),"symbol-spacing":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["symbol-spacing"]),"symbol-avoid-edges":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["symbol-avoid-edges"]),"symbol-sort-key":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["symbol-sort-key"]),"symbol-z-order":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["symbol-z-order"]),"icon-allow-overlap":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-allow-overlap"]),"icon-ignore-placement":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-ignore-placement"]),"icon-optional":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-optional"]),"icon-rotation-alignment":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-rotation-alignment"]),"icon-size":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-size"]),"icon-text-fit":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-text-fit"]),"icon-text-fit-padding":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-text-fit-padding"]),"icon-image":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-image"]),"icon-rotate":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-rotate"]),"icon-padding":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-padding"]),"icon-keep-upright":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-keep-upright"]),"icon-offset":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-offset"]),"icon-anchor":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-anchor"]),"icon-pitch-alignment":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["icon-pitch-alignment"]),"text-pitch-alignment":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-pitch-alignment"]),"text-rotation-alignment":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-rotation-alignment"]),"text-field":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-field"]),"text-font":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-font"]),"text-size":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-size"]),"text-max-width":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-max-width"]),"text-line-height":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-line-height"]),"text-letter-spacing":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-letter-spacing"]),"text-justify":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-justify"]),"text-radial-offset":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-radial-offset"]),"text-variable-anchor":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-variable-anchor"]),"text-anchor":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-anchor"]),"text-max-angle":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-max-angle"]),"text-writing-mode":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-writing-mode"]),"text-rotate":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-rotate"]),"text-padding":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-padding"]),"text-keep-upright":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-keep-upright"]),"text-transform":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-transform"]),"text-offset":new Ti(Lt.layout_symbol["text-offset"]),"text-allow-overlap":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-allow-overlap"]),"text-ignore-placement":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-ignore-placement"]),"text-optional":new wi(Lt.layout_symbol["text-optional"])}),Ec={paint:new Si({"icon-opacity":new Ti(Lt.paint_symbol["icon-opacity"]),"icon-color":new Ti(Lt.paint_symbol["icon-color"]),"icon-halo-color":new Ti(Lt.paint_symbol["icon-halo-color"]),"icon-halo-width":new Ti(Lt.paint_symbol["icon-halo-width"]),"icon-halo-blur":new Ti(Lt.paint_symbol["icon-halo-blur"]),"icon-translate":new wi(Lt.paint_symbol["icon-translate"]),"icon-translate-anchor":new wi(Lt.paint_symbol["icon-translate-anchor"]),"text-opacity":new Ti(Lt.paint_symbol["text-opacity"]),"text-color":new Ti(Lt.paint_symbol["text-color"],{runtimeType:Ut,getOverride:function(t){return t.textColor},hasOverride:function(t){return!!t.textColor}}),"text-halo-color":new Ti(Lt.paint_symbol["text-halo-color"]),"text-halo-width":new Ti(Lt.paint_symbol["text-halo-width"]),"text-halo-blur":new Ti(Lt.paint_symbol["text-halo-blur"]),"text-translate":new wi(Lt.paint_symbol["text-translate"]),"text-translate-anchor":new wi(Lt.paint_symbol["text-translate-anchor"])}),layout:Sc},Lc=function(t){this.type=t.property.overrides?t.property.overrides.runtimeType:Ft,this.defaultValue=t};Lc.prototype.evaluate=function(t){if(t.formattedSection){var e=this.defaultValue.property.overrides;if(e&&e.hasOverride(t.formattedSection))return e.getOverride(t.formattedSection)}return t.feature&&t.featureState?this.defaultValue.evaluate(t.feature,t.featureState):this.defaultValue.property.specification.default},Lc.prototype.eachChild=function(t){this.defaultValue.isConstant()||t(this.defaultValue.value._styleExpression.expression)},Lc.prototype.outputDefined=function(){return!1},Lc.prototype.serialize=function(){return null},Nn("FormatSectionOverride",Lc,{omit:["defaultValue"]});var Cc=function(t){function e(e){t.call(this,e,Ec)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.recalculate=function(e,r){if(t.prototype.recalculate.call(this,e,r),"auto"===this.layout.get("icon-rotation-alignment")&&("point"!==this.layout.get("symbol-placement")?this.layout._values["icon-rotation-alignment"]="map":this.layout._values["icon-rotation-alignment"]="viewport"),"auto"===this.layout.get("text-rotation-alignment")&&("point"!==this.layout.get("symbol-placement")?this.layout._values["text-rotation-alignment"]="map":this.layout._values["text-rotation-alignment"]="viewport"),"auto"===this.layout.get("text-pitch-alignment")&&(this.layout._values["text-pitch-alignment"]=this.layout.get("text-rotation-alignment")),"auto"===this.layout.get("icon-pitch-alignment")&&(this.layout._values["icon-pitch-alignment"]=this.layout.get("icon-rotation-alignment")),"point"===this.layout.get("symbol-placement")){var n=this.layout.get("text-writing-mode");if(n){for(var i=[],a=0,o=n;a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a];i.indexOf(s)<0&&i.push(s)}this.layout._values["text-writing-mode"]=i}else this.layout._values["text-writing-mode"]=["horizontal"]}this._setPaintOverrides()},e.prototype.getValueAndResolveTokens=function(t,e,r,n){var i=this.layout.get(t).evaluate(e,{},r,n),a=this._unevaluatedLayout._values[t];return a.isDataDriven()||Yr(a.value)||!i?i:function(t,e){return e.replace(/{([^{}]+)}/g,(function(e,r){return r in t?String(t[r]):""}))}(e.properties,i)},e.prototype.createBucket=function(t){return new Mc(t)},e.prototype.queryRadius=function(){return 0},e.prototype.queryIntersectsFeature=function(){return!1},e.prototype._setPaintOverrides=function(){for(var t=0,r=Ec.paint.overridableProperties;t<r.length;t+=1){var n=r[t];if(e.hasPaintOverride(this.layout,n)){var i=this.paint.get(n),a=new Lc(i),o=new Gr(a,i.property.specification),s=null;s="constant"===i.value.kind||"source"===i.value.kind?new Zr("source",o):new Xr("composite",o,i.value.zoomStops,i.value._interpolationType),this.paint._values[n]=new bi(i.property,s,i.parameters)}}},e.prototype._handleOverridablePaintPropertyUpdate=function(t,r,n){return!(!this.layout||r.isDataDriven()||n.isDataDriven())&&e.hasPaintOverride(this.layout,t)},e.hasPaintOverride=function(t,e){var r=t.get("text-field"),n=Ec.paint.properties[e],i=!1,a=function(t){for(var e=0,r=t;e<r.length;e+=1){var a=r[e];if(n.overrides&&n.overrides.hasOverride(a))return void(i=!0)}};if("constant"===r.value.kind&&r.value.value instanceof ne)a(r.value.value.sections);else if("source"===r.value.kind){var o=function(t){if(!i)if(t instanceof ce&&se(t.value)===Gt){var e=t.value;a(e.sections)}else t instanceof pe?a(t.sections):t.eachChild(o)},s=r.value;s._styleExpression&&o(s._styleExpression.expression)}return i},e}(Ei),Pc={paint:new Si({"background-color":new wi(Lt.paint_background["background-color"]),"background-pattern":new Ai(Lt.paint_background["background-pattern"]),"background-opacity":new wi(Lt.paint_background["background-opacity"])})},Ic=function(t){function e(e){t.call(this,e,Pc)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e}(Ei),Oc={paint:new Si({"raster-opacity":new wi(Lt.paint_raster["raster-opacity"]),"raster-hue-rotate":new wi(Lt.paint_raster["raster-hue-rotate"]),"raster-brightness-min":new wi(Lt.paint_raster["raster-brightness-min"]),"raster-brightness-max":new wi(Lt.paint_raster["raster-brightness-max"]),"raster-saturation":new wi(Lt.paint_raster["raster-saturation"]),"raster-contrast":new wi(Lt.paint_raster["raster-contrast"]),"raster-resampling":new wi(Lt.paint_raster["raster-resampling"]),"raster-fade-duration":new wi(Lt.paint_raster["raster-fade-duration"])})},zc=function(t){function e(e){t.call(this,e,Oc)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e}(Ei);var Dc=function(t){function e(e){t.call(this,e,{}),this.implementation=e}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.is3D=function(){return"3d"===this.implementation.renderingMode},e.prototype.hasOffscreenPass=function(){return void 0!==this.implementation.prerender},e.prototype.recalculate=function(){},e.prototype.updateTransitions=function(){},e.prototype.hasTransition=function(){},e.prototype.serialize=function(){},e.prototype.onAdd=function(t){this.implementation.onAdd&&this.implementation.onAdd(t,t.painter.context.gl)},e.prototype.onRemove=function(t){this.implementation.onRemove&&this.implementation.onRemove(t,t.painter.context.gl)},e}(Ei),Rc={circle:_o,heatmap:Po,hillshade:Oo,fill:xs,"fill-extrusion":Fs,line:Zs,symbol:Cc,background:Ic,raster:zc};var Fc=self.HTMLImageElement,Bc=self.HTMLCanvasElement,Nc=self.HTMLVideoElement,jc=self.ImageData,Uc=self.ImageBitmap,Vc=function(t,e,r,n){this.context=t,this.format=r,this.texture=t.gl.createTexture(),this.update(e,n)};Vc.prototype.update=function(t,e,r){var n=t.width,i=t.height,a=!(this.size&&this.size[0]===n&&this.size[1]===i||r),o=this.context,s=o.gl;if(this.useMipmap=Boolean(e&&e.useMipmap),s.bindTexture(s.TEXTURE_2D,this.texture),o.pixelStoreUnpackFlipY.set(!1),o.pixelStoreUnpack.set(1),o.pixelStoreUnpackPremultiplyAlpha.set(this.format===s.RGBA&&(!e||!1!==e.premultiply)),a)this.size=[n,i],t instanceof Fc||t instanceof Bc||t instanceof Nc||t instanceof jc||Uc&&t instanceof Uc?s.texImage2D(s.TEXTURE_2D,0,this.format,this.format,s.UNSIGNED_BYTE,t):s.texImage2D(s.TEXTURE_2D,0,this.format,n,i,0,this.format,s.UNSIGNED_BYTE,t.data);else{var l=r||{x:0,y:0},c=l.x,u=l.y;t instanceof Fc||t instanceof Bc||t instanceof Nc||t instanceof jc||Uc&&t instanceof Uc?s.texSubImage2D(s.TEXTURE_2D,0,c,u,s.RGBA,s.UNSIGNED_BYTE,t):s.texSubImage2D(s.TEXTURE_2D,0,c,u,n,i,s.RGBA,s.UNSIGNED_BYTE,t.data)}this.useMipmap&&this.isSizePowerOfTwo()&&s.generateMipmap(s.TEXTURE_2D)},Vc.prototype.bind=function(t,e,r){var n=this.context.gl;n.bindTexture(n.TEXTURE_2D,this.texture),r!==n.LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST||this.isSizePowerOfTwo()||(r=n.LINEAR),t!==this.filter&&(n.texParameteri(n.TEXTURE_2D,n.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,t),n.texParameteri(n.TEXTURE_2D,n.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,r||t),this.filter=t),e!==this.wrap&&(n.texParameteri(n.TEXTURE_2D,n.TEXTURE_WRAP_S,e),n.texParameteri(n.TEXTURE_2D,n.TEXTURE_WRAP_T,e),this.wrap=e)},Vc.prototype.isSizePowerOfTwo=function(){return this.size[0]===this.size[1]&&Math.log(this.size[0])/Math.LN2%1==0},Vc.prototype.destroy=function(){this.context.gl.deleteTexture(this.texture),this.texture=null};var Hc=function(t){var e=this;this._callback=t,this._triggered=!1,"undefined"!=typeof MessageChannel&&(this._channel=new MessageChannel,this._channel.port2.onmessage=function(){e._triggered=!1,e._callback()})};Hc.prototype.trigger=function(){var t=this;this._triggered||(this._triggered=!0,this._channel?this._channel.port1.postMessage(!0):setTimeout((function(){t._triggered=!1,t._callback()}),0))},Hc.prototype.remove=function(){delete this._channel,this._callback=function(){}};var qc=function(t,e,r){this.target=t,this.parent=e,this.mapId=r,this.callbacks={},this.tasks={},this.taskQueue=[],this.cancelCallbacks={},m(["receive","process"],this),this.invoker=new Hc(this.process),this.target.addEventListener("message",this.receive,!1),this.globalScope=k()?t:self};function Gc(t,e,r){var n=2*Math.PI*6378137/256/Math.pow(2,r);return[t*n-2*Math.PI*6378137/2,e*n-2*Math.PI*6378137/2]}qc.prototype.send=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=this;void 0===i&&(i=!1);var o=Math.round(1e18*Math.random()).toString(36).substring(0,10);r&&(this.callbacks[o]=r);var s=S(this.globalScope)?void 0:[];return this.target.postMessage({id:o,type:t,hasCallback:!!r,targetMapId:n,mustQueue:i,sourceMapId:this.mapId,data:Hn(e,s)},s),{cancel:function(){r&&delete a.callbacks[o],a.target.postMessage({id:o,type:"<cancel>",targetMapId:n,sourceMapId:a.mapId})}}},qc.prototype.receive=function(t){var e=t.data,r=e.id;if(r&&(!e.targetMapId||this.mapId===e.targetMapId))if("<cancel>"===e.type){delete this.tasks[r];var n=this.cancelCallbacks[r];delete this.cancelCallbacks[r],n&&n()}else k()||e.mustQueue?(this.tasks[r]=e,this.taskQueue.push(r),this.invoker.trigger()):this.processTask(r,e)},qc.prototype.process=function(){if(this.taskQueue.length){var t=this.taskQueue.shift(),e=this.tasks[t];delete this.tasks[t],this.taskQueue.length&&this.invoker.trigger(),e&&this.processTask(t,e)}},qc.prototype.processTask=function(t,e){var r=this;if("<response>"===e.type){var n=this.callbacks[t];delete this.callbacks[t],n&&(e.error?n(qn(e.error)):n(null,qn(e.data)))}else{var i=!1,a=S(this.globalScope)?void 0:[],o=e.hasCallback?function(e,n){i=!0,delete r.cancelCallbacks[t],r.target.postMessage({id:t,type:"<response>",sourceMapId:r.mapId,error:e?Hn(e):null,data:Hn(n,a)},a)}:function(t){i=!0},s=null,l=qn(e.data);if(this.parent[e.type])s=this.parent[e.type](e.sourceMapId,l,o);else if(this.parent.getWorkerSource){var c=e.type.split(".");s=this.parent.getWorkerSource(e.sourceMapId,c[0],l.source)[c[1]](l,o)}else o(new Error("Could not find function "+e.type));!i&&s&&s.cancel&&(this.cancelCallbacks[t]=s.cancel)}},qc.prototype.remove=function(){this.invoker.remove(),this.target.removeEventListener("message",this.receive,!1)};var Yc=function(t,e){t&&(e?this.setSouthWest(t).setNorthEast(e):4===t.length?this.setSouthWest([t[0],t[1]]).setNorthEast([t[2],t[3]]):this.setSouthWest(t[0]).setNorthEast(t[1]))};Yc.prototype.setNorthEast=function(t){return this._ne=t instanceof Wc?new Wc(t.lng,t.lat):Wc.convert(t),this},Yc.prototype.setSouthWest=function(t){return this._sw=t instanceof Wc?new Wc(t.lng,t.lat):Wc.convert(t),this},Yc.prototype.extend=function(t){var e,r,n=this._sw,i=this._ne;if(t instanceof Wc)e=t,r=t;else{if(!(t instanceof Yc)){if(Array.isArray(t)){if(4===t.length||t.every(Array.isArray)){var a=t;return this.extend(Yc.convert(a))}var o=t;return this.extend(Wc.convert(o))}return this}if(e=t._sw,r=t._ne,!e||!r)return this}return n||i?(n.lng=Math.min(e.lng,n.lng),n.lat=Math.min(e.lat,n.lat),i.lng=Math.max(r.lng,i.lng),i.lat=Math.max(r.lat,i.lat)):(this._sw=new Wc(e.lng,e.lat),this._ne=new Wc(r.lng,r.lat)),this},Yc.prototype.getCenter=function(){return new Wc((this._sw.lng+this._ne.lng)/2,(this._sw.lat+this._ne.lat)/2)},Yc.prototype.getSouthWest=function(){return this._sw},Yc.prototype.getNorthEast=function(){return this._ne},Yc.prototype.getNorthWest=function(){return new Wc(this.getWest(),this.getNorth())},Yc.prototype.getSouthEast=function(){return new Wc(this.getEast(),this.getSouth())},Yc.prototype.getWest=function(){return this._sw.lng},Yc.prototype.getSouth=function(){return this._sw.lat},Yc.prototype.getEast=function(){return this._ne.lng},Yc.prototype.getNorth=function(){return this._ne.lat},Yc.prototype.toArray=function(){return[this._sw.toArray(),this._ne.toArray()]},Yc.prototype.toString=function(){return"LngLatBounds("+this._sw.toString()+", "+this._ne.toString()+")"},Yc.prototype.isEmpty=function(){return!(this._sw&&this._ne)},Yc.prototype.contains=function(t){var e=Wc.convert(t),r=e.lng,n=e.lat,i=this._sw.lat<=n&&n<=this._ne.lat,a=this._sw.lng<=r&&r<=this._ne.lng;return this._sw.lng>this._ne.lng&&(a=this._sw.lng>=r&&r>=this._ne.lng),i&&a},Yc.convert=function(t){return!t||t instanceof Yc?t:new Yc(t)};var Wc=function(t,e){if(isNaN(t)||isNaN(e))throw new Error("Invalid LngLat object: ("+t+", "+e+")");if(this.lng=+t,this.lat=+e,this.lat>90||this.lat<-90)throw new Error("Invalid LngLat latitude value: must be between -90 and 90")};Wc.prototype.wrap=function(){return new Wc(c(this.lng,-180,180),this.lat)},Wc.prototype.toArray=function(){return[this.lng,this.lat]},Wc.prototype.toString=function(){return"LngLat("+this.lng+", "+this.lat+")"},Wc.prototype.distanceTo=function(t){var e=Math.PI/180,r=this.lat*e,n=t.lat*e,i=Math.sin(r)*Math.sin(n)+Math.cos(r)*Math.cos(n)*Math.cos((t.lng-this.lng)*e);return 6371008.8*Math.acos(Math.min(i,1))},Wc.prototype.toBounds=function(t){void 0===t&&(t=0);var e=360*t/40075017,r=e/Math.cos(Math.PI/180*this.lat);return new Yc(new Wc(this.lng-r,this.lat-e),new Wc(this.lng+r,this.lat+e))},Wc.convert=function(t){if(t instanceof Wc)return t;if(Array.isArray(t)&&(2===t.length||3===t.length))return new Wc(Number(t[0]),Number(t[1]));if(!Array.isArray(t)&&"object"==typeof t&&null!==t)return new Wc(Number("lng"in t?t.lng:t.lon),Number(t.lat));throw new Error("`LngLatLike` argument must be specified as a LngLat instance, an object {lng: <lng>, lat: <lat>}, an object {lon: <lng>, lat: <lat>}, or an array of [<lng>, <lat>]")};var Zc=2*Math.PI*6371008.8;function Xc(t){return Zc*Math.cos(t*Math.PI/180)}function Jc(t){return(180+t)/360}function Kc(t){return(180-180/Math.PI*Math.log(Math.tan(Math.PI/4+t*Math.PI/360)))/360}function Qc(t,e){return t/Xc(e)}function $c(t){var e=180-360*t;return 360/Math.PI*Math.atan(Math.exp(e*Math.PI/180))-90}var tu=function(t,e,r){void 0===r&&(r=0),this.x=+t,this.y=+e,this.z=+r};tu.fromLngLat=function(t,e){void 0===e&&(e=0);var r=Wc.convert(t);return new tu(Jc(r.lng),Kc(r.lat),Qc(e,r.lat))},tu.prototype.toLngLat=function(){return new Wc(360*this.x-180,$c(this.y))},tu.prototype.toAltitude=function(){return t=this.z,e=this.y,t*Xc($c(e));var t,e},tu.prototype.meterInMercatorCoordinateUnits=function(){return 1/Zc*(t=$c(this.y),1/Math.cos(t*Math.PI/180));var t};var eu=function(t,e,r){this.z=t,this.x=e,this.y=r,this.key=iu(0,t,t,e,r)};eu.prototype.equals=function(t){return this.z===t.z&&this.x===t.x&&this.y===t.y},eu.prototype.url=function(t,e){var r,n,i,a,o,s=(r=this.x,n=this.y,i=this.z,a=Gc(256*r,256*(n=Math.pow(2,i)-n-1),i),o=Gc(256*(r+1),256*(n+1),i),a[0]+","+a[1]+","+o[0]+","+o[1]),l=function(t,e,r){for(var n,i="",a=t;a>0;a--)i+=(e&(n=1<<a-1)?1:0)+(r&n?2:0);return i}(this.z,this.x,this.y);return t[(this.x+this.y)%t.length].replace("{prefix}",(this.x%16).toString(16)+(this.y%16).toString(16)).replace("{z}",String(this.z)).replace("{x}",String(this.x)).replace("{y}",String("tms"===e?Math.pow(2,this.z)-this.y-1:this.y)).replace("{quadkey}",l).replace("{bbox-epsg-3857}",s)},eu.prototype.getTilePoint=function(t){var e=Math.pow(2,this.z);return new i(8192*(t.x*e-this.x),8192*(t.y*e-this.y))},eu.prototype.toString=function(){return this.z+"/"+this.x+"/"+this.y};var ru=function(t,e){this.wrap=t,this.canonical=e,this.key=iu(t,e.z,e.z,e.x,e.y)},nu=function(t,e,r,n,i){this.overscaledZ=t,this.wrap=e,this.canonical=new eu(r,+n,+i),this.key=iu(e,t,r,n,i)};function iu(t,e,r,n,i){(t*=2)<0&&(t=-1*t-1);var a=1<<r;return(a*a*t+a*i+n).toString(36)+r.toString(36)+e.toString(36)}nu.prototype.equals=function(t){return this.overscaledZ===t.overscaledZ&&this.wrap===t.wrap&&this.canonical.equals(t.canonical)},nu.prototype.scaledTo=function(t){var e=this.canonical.z-t;return t>this.canonical.z?new nu(t,this.wrap,this.canonical.z,this.canonical.x,this.canonical.y):new nu(t,this.wrap,t,this.canonical.x>>e,this.canonical.y>>e)},nu.prototype.calculateScaledKey=function(t,e){var r=this.canonical.z-t;return t>this.canonical.z?iu(this.wrap*+e,t,this.canonical.z,this.canonical.x,this.canonical.y):iu(this.wrap*+e,t,t,this.canonical.x>>r,this.canonical.y>>r)},nu.prototype.isChildOf=function(t){if(t.wrap!==this.wrap)return!1;var e=this.canonical.z-t.canonical.z;return 0===t.overscaledZ||t.overscaledZ<this.overscaledZ&&t.canonical.x===this.canonical.x>>e&&t.canonical.y===this.canonical.y>>e},nu.prototype.children=function(t){if(this.overscaledZ>=t)return[new nu(this.overscaledZ+1,this.wrap,this.canonical.z,this.canonical.x,this.canonical.y)];var e=this.canonical.z+1,r=2*this.canonical.x,n=2*this.canonical.y;return[new nu(e,this.wrap,e,r,n),new nu(e,this.wrap,e,r+1,n),new nu(e,this.wrap,e,r,n+1),new nu(e,this.wrap,e,r+1,n+1)]},nu.prototype.isLessThan=function(t){return this.wrap<t.wrap||!(this.wrap>t.wrap)&&(this.overscaledZ<t.overscaledZ||!(this.overscaledZ>t.overscaledZ)&&(this.canonical.x<t.canonical.x||!(this.canonical.x>t.canonical.x)&&this.canonical.y<t.canonical.y))},nu.prototype.wrapped=function(){return new nu(this.overscaledZ,0,this.canonical.z,this.canonical.x,this.canonical.y)},nu.prototype.unwrapTo=function(t){return new nu(this.overscaledZ,t,this.canonical.z,this.canonical.x,this.canonical.y)},nu.prototype.overscaleFactor=function(){return Math.pow(2,this.overscaledZ-this.canonical.z)},nu.prototype.toUnwrapped=function(){return new ru(this.wrap,this.canonical)},nu.prototype.toString=function(){return this.overscaledZ+"/"+this.canonical.x+"/"+this.canonical.y},nu.prototype.getTilePoint=function(t){return this.canonical.getTilePoint(new tu(t.x-this.wrap,t.y))},Nn("CanonicalTileID",eu),Nn("OverscaledTileID",nu,{omit:["posMatrix"]});var au=function(t,e,r){if(this.uid=t,e.height!==e.width)throw new RangeError("DEM tiles must be square");if(r&&"mapbox"!==r&&"terrarium"!==r)return _('"'+r+'" is not a valid encoding type. Valid types include "mapbox" and "terrarium".');this.stride=e.height;var n=this.dim=e.height-2;this.data=new Uint32Array(e.data.buffer),this.encoding=r||"mapbox";for(var i=0;i<n;i++)this.data[this._idx(-1,i)]=this.data[this._idx(0,i)],this.data[this._idx(n,i)]=this.data[this._idx(n-1,i)],this.data[this._idx(i,-1)]=this.data[this._idx(i,0)],this.data[this._idx(i,n)]=this.data[this._idx(i,n-1)];this.data[this._idx(-1,-1)]=this.data[this._idx(0,0)],this.data[this._idx(n,-1)]=this.data[this._idx(n-1,0)],this.data[this._idx(-1,n)]=this.data[this._idx(0,n-1)],this.data[this._idx(n,n)]=this.data[this._idx(n-1,n-1)]};au.prototype.get=function(t,e){var r=new Uint8Array(this.data.buffer),n=4*this._idx(t,e);return("terrarium"===this.encoding?this._unpackTerrarium:this._unpackMapbox)(r[n],r[n+1],r[n+2])},au.prototype.getUnpackVector=function(){return"terrarium"===this.encoding?[256,1,1/256,32768]:[6553.6,25.6,.1,1e4]},au.prototype._idx=function(t,e){if(t<-1||t>=this.dim+1||e<-1||e>=this.dim+1)throw new RangeError("out of range source coordinates for DEM data");return(e+1)*this.stride+(t+1)},au.prototype._unpackMapbox=function(t,e,r){return(256*t*256+256*e+r)/10-1e4},au.prototype._unpackTerrarium=function(t,e,r){return 256*t+e+r/256-32768},au.prototype.getPixels=function(){return new Eo({width:this.stride,height:this.stride},new Uint8Array(this.data.buffer))},au.prototype.backfillBorder=function(t,e,r){if(this.dim!==t.dim)throw new Error("dem dimension mismatch");var n=e*this.dim,i=e*this.dim+this.dim,a=r*this.dim,o=r*this.dim+this.dim;switch(e){case-1:n=i-1;break;case 1:i=n+1}switch(r){case-1:a=o-1;break;case 1:o=a+1}for(var s=-e*this.dim,l=-r*this.dim,c=a;c<o;c++)for(var u=n;u<i;u++)this.data[this._idx(u,c)]=t.data[this._idx(u+s,c+l)]},Nn("DEMData",au);var ou=function(t){this._stringToNumber={},this._numberToString=[];for(var e=0;e<t.length;e++){var r=t[e];this._stringToNumber[r]=e,this._numberToString[e]=r}};ou.prototype.encode=function(t){return this._stringToNumber[t]},ou.prototype.decode=function(t){return this._numberToString[t]};var su=function(t,e,r,n,i){this.type="Feature",this._vectorTileFeature=t,t._z=e,t._x=r,t._y=n,this.properties=t.properties,this.id=i},lu={geometry:{configurable:!0}};lu.geometry.get=function(){return void 0===this._geometry&&(this._geometry=this._vectorTileFeature.toGeoJSON(this._vectorTileFeature._x,this._vectorTileFeature._y,this._vectorTileFeature._z).geometry),this._geometry},lu.geometry.set=function(t){this._geometry=t},su.prototype.toJSON=function(){var t={geometry:this.geometry};for(var e in this)"_geometry"!==e&&"_vectorTileFeature"!==e&&(t[e]=this[e]);return t},Object.defineProperties(su.prototype,lu);var cu=function(){this.state={},this.stateChanges={},this.deletedStates={}};cu.prototype.updateState=function(t,e,r){var n=String(e);if(this.stateChanges[t]=this.stateChanges[t]||{},this.stateChanges[t][n]=this.stateChanges[t][n]||{},u(this.stateChanges[t][n],r),null===this.deletedStates[t])for(var i in this.deletedStates[t]={},this.state[t])i!==n&&(this.deletedStates[t][i]=null);else if(this.deletedStates[t]&&null===this.deletedStates[t][n])for(var a in this.deletedStates[t][n]={},this.state[t][n])r[a]||(this.deletedStates[t][n][a]=null);else for(var o in r){this.deletedStates[t]&&this.deletedStates[t][n]&&null===this.deletedStates[t][n][o]&&delete this.deletedStates[t][n][o]}},cu.prototype.removeFeatureState=function(t,e,r){if(!(null===this.deletedStates[t])){var n=String(e);if(this.deletedStates[t]=this.deletedStates[t]||{},r&&void 0!==e)null!==this.deletedStates[t][n]&&(this.deletedStates[t][n]=this.deletedStates[t][n]||{},this.deletedStates[t][n][r]=null);else if(void 0!==e){if(this.stateChanges[t]&&this.stateChanges[t][n])for(r in this.deletedStates[t][n]={},this.stateChanges[t][n])this.deletedStates[t][n][r]=null;else this.deletedStates[t][n]=null}else this.deletedStates[t]=null}},cu.prototype.getState=function(t,e){var r=String(e),n=this.state[t]||{},i=this.stateChanges[t]||{},a=u({},n[r],i[r]);if(null===this.deletedStates[t])return{};if(this.deletedStates[t]){var o=this.deletedStates[t][e];if(null===o)return{};for(var s in o)delete a[s]}return a},cu.prototype.initializeTileState=function(t,e){t.setFeatureState(this.state,e)},cu.prototype.coalesceChanges=function(t,e){var r={};for(var n in this.stateChanges){this.state[n]=this.state[n]||{};var i={};for(var a in this.stateChanges[n])this.state[n][a]||(this.state[n][a]={}),u(this.state[n][a],this.stateChanges[n][a]),i[a]=this.state[n][a];r[n]=i}for(var o in this.deletedStates){this.state[o]=this.state[o]||{};var s={};if(null===this.deletedStates[o])for(var l in this.state[o])s[l]={},this.state[o][l]={};else for(var c in this.deletedStates[o]){if(null===this.deletedStates[o][c])this.state[o][c]={};else for(var f=0,h=Object.keys(this.deletedStates[o][c]);f<h.length;f+=1){var p=h[f];delete this.state[o][c][p]}s[c]=this.state[o][c]}r[o]=r[o]||{},u(r[o],s)}if(this.stateChanges={},this.deletedStates={},0!==Object.keys(r).length)for(var d in t){t[d].setFeatureState(r,e)}};var uu=function(t,e){this.tileID=t,this.x=t.canonical.x,this.y=t.canonical.y,this.z=t.canonical.z,this.grid=new zn(8192,16,0),this.grid3D=new zn(8192,16,0),this.featureIndexArray=new fa,this.promoteId=e};function fu(t,e,r,n,i){return v(t,(function(t,a){var o=e instanceof _i?e.get(a):null;return o&&o.evaluate?o.evaluate(r,n,i):o}))}function hu(t){for(var e=1/0,r=1/0,n=-1/0,i=-1/0,a=0,o=t;a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a];e=Math.min(e,s.x),r=Math.min(r,s.y),n=Math.max(n,s.x),i=Math.max(i,s.y)}return{minX:e,minY:r,maxX:n,maxY:i}}function pu(t,e){return e-t}uu.prototype.insert=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=this.featureIndexArray.length;this.featureIndexArray.emplaceBack(r,n,i);for(var s=a?this.grid3D:this.grid,l=0;l<e.length;l++){for(var c=e[l],u=[1/0,1/0,-1/0,-1/0],f=0;f<c.length;f++){var h=c[f];u[0]=Math.min(u[0],h.x),u[1]=Math.min(u[1],h.y),u[2]=Math.max(u[2],h.x),u[3]=Math.max(u[3],h.y)}u[0]<8192&&u[1]<8192&&u[2]>=0&&u[3]>=0&&s.insert(o,u[0],u[1],u[2],u[3])}},uu.prototype.loadVTLayers=function(){return this.vtLayers||(this.vtLayers=new Ls.VectorTile(new al(this.rawTileData)).layers,this.sourceLayerCoder=new ou(this.vtLayers?Object.keys(this.vtLayers).sort():["_geojsonTileLayer"])),this.vtLayers},uu.prototype.query=function(t,e,r,n){var a=this;this.loadVTLayers();for(var o=t.params||{},s=8192/t.tileSize/t.scale,l=sn(o.filter),c=t.queryGeometry,u=t.queryPadding*s,f=hu(c),h=this.grid.query(f.minX-u,f.minY-u,f.maxX+u,f.maxY+u),p=hu(t.cameraQueryGeometry),d=this.grid3D.query(p.minX-u,p.minY-u,p.maxX+u,p.maxY+u,(function(e,r,n,a){return function(t,e,r,n,a){for(var o=0,s=t;o<s.length;o+=1){var l=s[o];if(e<=l.x&&r<=l.y&&n>=l.x&&a>=l.y)return!0}var c=[new i(e,r),new i(e,a),new i(n,a),new i(n,r)];if(t.length>2)for(var u=0,f=c;u<f.length;u+=1){if(io(t,f[u]))return!0}for(var h=0;h<t.length-1;h++){if(ao(t[h],t[h+1],c))return!0}return!1}(t.cameraQueryGeometry,e-u,r-u,n+u,a+u)})),m=0,g=d;m<g.length;m+=1){var v=g[m];h.push(v)}h.sort(pu);for(var y,x={},b=function(i){var u=h[i];if(u!==y){y=u;var f=a.featureIndexArray.get(u),p=null;a.loadMatchingFeature(x,f.bucketIndex,f.sourceLayerIndex,f.featureIndex,l,o.layers,o.availableImages,e,r,n,(function(e,r,n){return p||(p=Ya(e)),r.queryIntersectsFeature(c,e,n,p,a.z,t.transform,s,t.pixelPosMatrix)}))}},_=0;_<h.length;_++)b(_);return x},uu.prototype.loadMatchingFeature=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u){var f=this.bucketLayerIDs[e];if(!a||function(t,e){for(var r=0;r<t.length;r++)if(e.indexOf(t[r])>=0)return!0;return!1}(a,f)){var h=this.sourceLayerCoder.decode(r),p=this.vtLayers[h].feature(n);if(i.filter(new pi(this.tileID.overscaledZ),p))for(var d=this.getId(p,h),m=0;m<f.length;m++){var g=f[m];if(!(a&&a.indexOf(g)<0)){var v=s[g];if(v){var y={};void 0!==d&&c&&(y=c.getState(v.sourceLayer||"_geojsonTileLayer",d));var x=l[g];x.paint=fu(x.paint,v.paint,p,y,o),x.layout=fu(x.layout,v.layout,p,y,o);var b=!u||u(p,v,y);if(b){var _=new su(p,this.z,this.x,this.y,d);_.layer=x;var w=t[g];void 0===w&&(w=t[g]=[]),w.push({featureIndex:n,feature:_,intersectionZ:b})}}}}}},uu.prototype.lookupSymbolFeatures=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s){var l={};this.loadVTLayers();for(var c=sn(i),u=0,f=t;u<f.length;u+=1){var h=f[u];this.loadMatchingFeature(l,r,n,h,c,a,o,s,e)}return l},uu.prototype.hasLayer=function(t){for(var e=0,r=this.bucketLayerIDs;e<r.length;e+=1)for(var n=0,i=r[e];n<i.length;n+=1){if(t===i[n])return!0}return!1},uu.prototype.getId=function(t,e){var r=t.id;if(this.promoteId){var n="string"==typeof this.promoteId?this.promoteId:this.promoteId[e];"boolean"==typeof(r=t.properties[n])&&(r=Number(r))}return r},Nn("FeatureIndex",uu,{omit:["rawTileData","sourceLayerCoder"]});var du=function(t,e){this.tileID=t,this.uid=h(),this.uses=0,this.tileSize=e,this.buckets={},this.expirationTime=null,this.queryPadding=0,this.hasSymbolBuckets=!1,this.hasRTLText=!1,this.dependencies={},this.expiredRequestCount=0,this.state="loading"};du.prototype.registerFadeDuration=function(t){var e=t+this.timeAdded;e<R.now()||this.fadeEndTime&&e<this.fadeEndTime||(this.fadeEndTime=e)},du.prototype.wasRequested=function(){return"errored"===this.state||"loaded"===this.state||"reloading"===this.state},du.prototype.loadVectorData=function(t,e,r){if(this.hasData()&&this.unloadVectorData(),this.state="loaded",t){for(var n in t.featureIndex&&(this.latestFeatureIndex=t.featureIndex,t.rawTileData?(this.latestRawTileData=t.rawTileData,this.latestFeatureIndex.rawTileData=t.rawTileData):this.latestRawTileData&&(this.latestFeatureIndex.rawTileData=this.latestRawTileData)),this.collisionBoxArray=t.collisionBoxArray,this.buckets=function(t,e){var r={};if(!e)return r;for(var n=function(){var t=a[i],n=t.layerIds.map((function(t){return e.getLayer(t)})).filter(Boolean);if(0!==n.length){t.layers=n,t.stateDependentLayerIds&&(t.stateDependentLayers=t.stateDependentLayerIds.map((function(t){return n.filter((function(e){return e.id===t}))[0]})));for(var o=0,s=n;o<s.length;o+=1){var l=s[o];r[l.id]=t}}},i=0,a=t;i<a.length;i+=1)n();return r}(t.buckets,e.style),this.hasSymbolBuckets=!1,this.buckets){var i=this.buckets[n];if(i instanceof Mc){if(this.hasSymbolBuckets=!0,!r)break;i.justReloaded=!0}}if(this.hasRTLText=!1,this.hasSymbolBuckets)for(var a in this.buckets){var o=this.buckets[a];if(o instanceof Mc&&o.hasRTLText){this.hasRTLText=!0,hi.isLoading()||hi.isLoaded()||"deferred"!==ui()||fi();break}}for(var s in this.queryPadding=0,this.buckets){var l=this.buckets[s];this.queryPadding=Math.max(this.queryPadding,e.style.getLayer(s).queryRadius(l))}t.imageAtlas&&(this.imageAtlas=t.imageAtlas),t.glyphAtlasImage&&(this.glyphAtlasImage=t.glyphAtlasImage)}else this.collisionBoxArray=new na},du.prototype.unloadVectorData=function(){for(var t in this.buckets)this.buckets[t].destroy();this.buckets={},this.imageAtlasTexture&&this.imageAtlasTexture.destroy(),this.imageAtlas&&(this.imageAtlas=null),this.glyphAtlasTexture&&this.glyphAtlasTexture.destroy(),this.latestFeatureIndex=null,this.state="unloaded"},du.prototype.getBucket=function(t){return this.buckets[t.id]},du.prototype.upload=function(t){for(var e in this.buckets){var r=this.buckets[e];r.uploadPending()&&r.upload(t)}var n=t.gl;this.imageAtlas&&!this.imageAtlas.uploaded&&(this.imageAtlasTexture=new Vc(t,this.imageAtlas.image,n.RGBA),this.imageAtlas.uploaded=!0),this.glyphAtlasImage&&(this.glyphAtlasTexture=new Vc(t,this.glyphAtlasImage,n.ALPHA),this.glyphAtlasImage=null)},du.prototype.prepare=function(t){this.imageAtlas&&this.imageAtlas.patchUpdatedImages(t,this.imageAtlasTexture)},du.prototype.queryRenderedFeatures=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c){return this.latestFeatureIndex&&this.latestFeatureIndex.rawTileData?this.latestFeatureIndex.query({queryGeometry:n,cameraQueryGeometry:i,scale:a,tileSize:this.tileSize,pixelPosMatrix:c,transform:s,params:o,queryPadding:this.queryPadding*l},t,e,r):{}},du.prototype.querySourceFeatures=function(t,e){var r=this.latestFeatureIndex;if(r&&r.rawTileData){var n=r.loadVTLayers(),i=e?e.sourceLayer:"",a=n._geojsonTileLayer||n[i];if(a)for(var o=sn(e&&e.filter),s=this.tileID.canonical,l=s.z,c=s.x,u=s.y,f={z:l,x:c,y:u},h=0;h<a.length;h++){var p=a.feature(h);if(o.filter(new pi(this.tileID.overscaledZ),p)){var d=r.getId(p,i),m=new su(p,l,c,u,d);m.tile=f,t.push(m)}}}},du.prototype.hasData=function(){return"loaded"===this.state||"reloading"===this.state||"expired"===this.state},du.prototype.patternsLoaded=function(){return this.imageAtlas&&!!Object.keys(this.imageAtlas.patternPositions).length},du.prototype.setExpiryData=function(t){var e=this.expirationTime;if(t.cacheControl){var r=A(t.cacheControl);r["max-age"]&&(this.expirationTime=Date.now()+1e3*r["max-age"])}else t.expires&&(this.expirationTime=new Date(t.expires).getTime());if(this.expirationTime){var n=Date.now(),i=!1;if(this.expirationTime>n)i=!1;else if(e)if(this.expirationTime<e)i=!0;else{var a=this.expirationTime-e;a?this.expirationTime=n+Math.max(a,3e4):i=!0}else i=!0;i?(this.expiredRequestCount++,this.state="expired"):this.expiredRequestCount=0}},du.prototype.getExpiryTimeout=function(){if(this.expirationTime)return this.expiredRequestCount?1e3*(1<<Math.min(this.expiredRequestCount-1,31)):Math.min(this.expirationTime-(new Date).getTime(),Math.pow(2,31)-1)},du.prototype.setFeatureState=function(t,e){if(this.latestFeatureIndex&&this.latestFeatureIndex.rawTileData&&0!==Object.keys(t).length){var r=this.latestFeatureIndex.loadVTLayers();for(var n in this.buckets)if(e.style.hasLayer(n)){var i=this.buckets[n],a=i.layers[0].sourceLayer||"_geojsonTileLayer",o=r[a],s=t[a];if(o&&s&&0!==Object.keys(s).length){i.update(s,o,this.imageAtlas&&this.imageAtlas.patternPositions||{});var l=e&&e.style&&e.style.getLayer(n);l&&(this.queryPadding=Math.max(this.queryPadding,l.queryRadius(i)))}}}},du.prototype.holdingForFade=function(){return void 0!==this.symbolFadeHoldUntil},du.prototype.symbolFadeFinished=function(){return!this.symbolFadeHoldUntil||this.symbolFadeHoldUntil<R.now()},du.prototype.clearFadeHold=function(){this.symbolFadeHoldUntil=void 0},du.prototype.setHoldDuration=function(t){this.symbolFadeHoldUntil=R.now()+t},du.prototype.setDependencies=function(t,e){for(var r={},n=0,i=e;n<i.length;n+=1){r[i[n]]=!0}this.dependencies[t]=r},du.prototype.hasDependency=function(t,e){for(var r=0,n=t;r<n.length;r+=1){var i=n[r],a=this.dependencies[i];if(a)for(var o=0,s=e;o<s.length;o+=1){if(a[s[o]])return!0}}return!1};var mu=self.performance,gu=function(t){this._marks={start:[t.url,"start"].join("#"),end:[t.url,"end"].join("#"),measure:t.url.toString()},mu.mark(this._marks.start)};gu.prototype.finish=function(){mu.mark(this._marks.end);var t=mu.getEntriesByName(this._marks.measure);return 0===t.length&&(mu.measure(this._marks.measure,this._marks.start,this._marks.end),t=mu.getEntriesByName(this._marks.measure),mu.clearMarks(this._marks.start),mu.clearMarks(this._marks.end),mu.clearMeasures(this._marks.measure)),t},t.Actor=qc,t.AlphaImage=So,t.CanonicalTileID=eu,t.CollisionBoxArray=na,t.Color=te,t.DEMData=au,t.DataConstantProperty=wi,t.DictionaryCoder=ou,t.EXTENT=8192,t.ErrorEvent=St,t.EvaluationParameters=pi,t.Event=Mt,t.Evented=Et,t.FeatureIndex=uu,t.FillBucket=gs,t.FillExtrusionBucket=Os,t.ImageAtlas=Ll,t.ImagePosition=Sl,t.LineBucket=qs,t.LngLat=Wc,t.LngLatBounds=Yc,t.MercatorCoordinate=tu,t.ONE_EM=24,t.OverscaledTileID=nu,t.Point=i,t.Point$1=i,t.Properties=Si,t.Protobuf=al,t.RGBAImage=Eo,t.RequestManager=H,t.RequestPerformance=gu,t.ResourceType=dt,t.SegmentVector=pa,t.SourceFeatureState=cu,t.StructArrayLayout1ui2=$i,t.StructArrayLayout2f1f2i16=qi,t.StructArrayLayout2i4=zi,t.StructArrayLayout3ui6=Yi,t.StructArrayLayout4i8=Di,t.SymbolBucket=Mc,t.Texture=Vc,t.Tile=du,t.Transitionable=gi,t.Uniform1f=Sa,t.Uniform1i=Ma,t.Uniform2f=Ea,t.Uniform3f=La,t.Uniform4f=Ca,t.UniformColor=Pa,t.UniformMatrix4f=Oa,t.UnwrappedTileID=ru,t.ValidationError=Ct,t.WritingMode=Cl,t.ZoomHistory=Gn,t.add=function(t,e,r){return t[0]=e[0]+r[0],t[1]=e[1]+r[1],t[2]=e[2]+r[2],t},t.addDynamicAttributes=wc,t.asyncAll=function(t,e,r){if(!t.length)return r(null,[]);var n=t.length,i=new Array(t.length),a=null;t.forEach((function(t,o){e(t,(function(t,e){t&&(a=t),i[o]=e,0==--n&&r(a,i)}))}))},t.bezier=o,t.bindAll=m,t.browser=R,t.cacheEntryPossiblyAdded=function(t){++ht>ot&&(t.getActor().send("enforceCacheSizeLimit",at),ht=0)},t.clamp=l,t.clearTileCache=function(t){var e=self.caches.delete("mapbox-tiles");t&&e.catch(t).then((function(){return t()}))},t.clipLine=ec,t.clone=function(t){var e=new fo(16);return e[0]=t[0],e[1]=t[1],e[2]=t[2],e[3]=t[3],e[4]=t[4],e[5]=t[5],e[6]=t[6],e[7]=t[7],e[8]=t[8],e[9]=t[9],e[10]=t[10],e[11]=t[11],e[12]=t[12],e[13]=t[13],e[14]=t[14],e[15]=t[15],e},t.clone$1=x,t.clone$2=function(t){var e=new fo(3);return e[0]=t[0],e[1]=t[1],e[2]=t[2],e},t.collisionCircleLayout=tl,t.config=F,t.create=function(){var t=new fo(16);return fo!=Float32Array&&(t[1]=0,t[2]=0,t[3]=0,t[4]=0,t[6]=0,t[7]=0,t[8]=0,t[9]=0,t[11]=0,t[12]=0,t[13]=0,t[14]=0),t[0]=1,t[5]=1,t[10]=1,t[15]=1,t},t.create$1=function(){var t=new fo(9);return fo!=Float32Array&&(t[1]=0,t[2]=0,t[3]=0,t[5]=0,t[6]=0,t[7]=0),t[0]=1,t[4]=1,t[8]=1,t},t.create$2=function(){var t=new fo(4);return fo!=Float32Array&&(t[1]=0,t[2]=0),t[0]=1,t[3]=1,t},t.createCommonjsModule=e,t.createExpression=Wr,t.createLayout=Ii,t.createStyleLayer=function(t){return"custom"===t.type?new Dc(t):new Rc[t.type](t)},t.cross=function(t,e,r){var n=e[0],i=e[1],a=e[2],o=r[0],s=r[1],l=r[2];return t[0]=i*l-a*s,t[1]=a*o-n*l,t[2]=n*s-i*o,t},t.deepEqual=function t(e,r){if(Array.isArray(e)){if(!Array.isArray(r)||e.length!==r.length)return!1;for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++)if(!t(e[n],r[n]))return!1;return!0}if("object"==typeof e&&null!==e&&null!==r){if("object"!=typeof r)return!1;if(Object.keys(e).length!==Object.keys(r).length)return!1;for(var i in e)if(!t(e[i],r[i]))return!1;return!0}return e===r},t.dot=function(t,e){return t[0]*e[0]+t[1]*e[1]+t[2]*e[2]},t.dot$1=function(t,e){return t[0]*e[0]+t[1]*e[1]+t[2]*e[2]+t[3]*e[3]},t.ease=s,t.emitValidationErrors=On,t.endsWith=g,t.enforceCacheSizeLimit=function(t){st(),Q&&Q.then((function(e){e.keys().then((function(r){for(var n=0;n<r.length-t;n++)e.delete(r[n])}))}))},t.evaluateSizeForFeature=Yl,t.evaluateSizeForZoom=Wl,t.evaluateVariableOffset=dc,t.evented=ci,t.extend=u,t.featureFilter=sn,t.filterObject=y,t.fromRotation=function(t,e){var r=Math.sin(e),n=Math.cos(e);return t[0]=n,t[1]=r,t[2]=0,t[3]=-r,t[4]=n,t[5]=0,t[6]=0,t[7]=0,t[8]=1,t},t.getAnchorAlignment=Ul,t.getAnchorJustification=mc,t.getArrayBuffer=xt,t.getImage=Tt,t.getJSON=function(t,e){return yt(u(t,{type:"json"}),e)},t.getRTLTextPluginStatus=ui,t.getReferrer=gt,t.getVideo=function(t,e){var r,n,i=self.document.createElement("video");i.muted=!0,i.onloadstart=function(){e(null,i)};for(var a=0;a<t.length;a++){var o=self.document.createElement("source");r=t[a],n=void 0,(n=self.document.createElement("a")).href=r,(n.protocol!==self.document.location.protocol||n.host!==self.document.location.host)&&(i.crossOrigin="Anonymous"),o.src=t[a],i.appendChild(o)}return{cancel:function(){}}},t.identity=ho,t.invert=function(t,e){var r=e[0],n=e[1],i=e[2],a=e[3],o=e[4],s=e[5],l=e[6],c=e[7],u=e[8],f=e[9],h=e[10],p=e[11],d=e[12],m=e[13],g=e[14],v=e[15],y=r*s-n*o,x=r*l-i*o,b=r*c-a*o,_=n*l-i*s,w=n*c-a*s,T=i*c-a*l,k=u*m-f*d,A=u*g-h*d,M=u*v-p*d,S=f*g-h*m,E=f*v-p*m,L=h*v-p*g,C=y*L-x*E+b*S+_*M-w*A+T*k;return C?(C=1/C,t[0]=(s*L-l*E+c*S)*C,t[1]=(i*E-n*L-a*S)*C,t[2]=(m*T-g*w+v*_)*C,t[3]=(h*w-f*T-p*_)*C,t[4]=(l*M-o*L-c*A)*C,t[5]=(r*L-i*M+a*A)*C,t[6]=(g*b-d*T-v*x)*C,t[7]=(u*T-h*b+p*x)*C,t[8]=(o*E-s*M+c*k)*C,t[9]=(n*M-r*E-a*k)*C,t[10]=(d*w-m*b+v*y)*C,t[11]=(f*b-u*w-p*y)*C,t[12]=(s*A-o*S-l*k)*C,t[13]=(r*S-n*A+i*k)*C,t[14]=(m*x-d*_-g*y)*C,t[15]=(u*_-f*x+h*y)*C,t):null},t.isChar=Yn,t.isMapboxURL=q,t.keysDifference=function(t,e){var r=[];for(var n in t)n in e||r.push(n);return r},t.makeRequest=yt,t.mapObject=v,t.mercatorXfromLng=Jc,t.mercatorYfromLat=Kc,t.mercatorZfromAltitude=Qc,t.mul=mo,t.multiply=po,t.mvt=Ls,t.normalize=function(t,e){var r=e[0],n=e[1],i=e[2],a=r*r+n*n+i*i;return a>0&&(a=1/Math.sqrt(a)),t[0]=e[0]*a,t[1]=e[1]*a,t[2]=e[2]*a,t},t.number=qe,t.offscreenCanvasSupported=pt,t.ortho=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=1/(e-r),l=1/(n-i),c=1/(a-o);return t[0]=-2*s,t[1]=0,t[2]=0,t[3]=0,t[4]=0,t[5]=-2*l,t[6]=0,t[7]=0,t[8]=0,t[9]=0,t[10]=2*c,t[11]=0,t[12]=(e+r)*s,t[13]=(i+n)*l,t[14]=(o+a)*c,t[15]=1,t},t.parseGlyphPBF=function(t){return new al(t).readFields(Tl,[])},t.pbf=al,t.performSymbolLayout=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){t.createArrays();var s=512*t.overscaling;t.tilePixelRatio=8192/s,t.compareText={},t.iconsNeedLinear=!1;var l=t.layers[0].layout,c=t.layers[0]._unevaluatedLayout._values,u={};if("composite"===t.textSizeData.kind){var f=t.textSizeData,h=f.minZoom,p=f.maxZoom;u.compositeTextSizes=[c["text-size"].possiblyEvaluate(new 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i,a=t[n],o=a.type;if("Point"===o||"MultiPoint"===o||"LineString"===o)i=mt(a.geometry,e);else if("MultiLineString"===o||"Polygon"===o){i=[];for(var s=0;s<a.geometry.length;s++)i.push(mt(a.geometry[s],e))}else if("MultiPolygon"===o)for(i=[],s=0;s<a.geometry.length;s++){for(var l=[],c=0;c<a.geometry[s].length;c++)l.push(mt(a.geometry[s][c],e));i.push(l)}r.push(Q(a.id,o,i,a.tags))}return r}function mt(t,e){var r=[];r.size=t.size,void 0!==t.start&&(r.start=t.start,r.end=t.end);for(var n=0;n<t.length;n+=3)r.push(t[n]+e,t[n+1],t[n+2]);return r}function gt(t,e){if(t.transformed)return t;var r,n,i,a=1<<t.z,o=t.x,s=t.y;for(r=0;r<t.features.length;r++){var l=t.features[r],c=l.geometry,u=l.type;if(l.geometry=[],1===u)for(n=0;n<c.length;n+=2)l.geometry.push(vt(c[n],c[n+1],e,a,o,s));else for(n=0;n<c.length;n++){var f=[];for(i=0;i<c[n].length;i+=2)f.push(vt(c[n][i],c[n][i+1],e,a,o,s));l.geometry.push(f)}}return t.transformed=!0,t}function vt(t,e,r,n,i,a){return[Math.round(r*(t*n-i)),Math.round(r*(e*n-a))]}function yt(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a=e===i.maxZoom?0:i.tolerance/((1<<e)*i.extent),o={features:[],numPoints:0,numSimplified:0,numFeatures:0,source:null,x:r,y:n,z:e,transformed:!1,minX:2,minY:1,maxX:-1,maxY:0},s=0;s<t.length;s++){o.numFeatures++,xt(o,t[s],a,i);var l=t[s].minX,c=t[s].minY,u=t[s].maxX,f=t[s].maxY;l<o.minX&&(o.minX=l),c<o.minY&&(o.minY=c),u>o.maxX&&(o.maxX=u),f>o.maxY&&(o.maxY=f)}return o}function xt(t,e,r,n){var i=e.geometry,a=e.type,o=[];if("Point"===a||"MultiPoint"===a)for(var s=0;s<i.length;s+=3)o.push(i[s]),o.push(i[s+1]),t.numPoints++,t.numSimplified++;else if("LineString"===a)bt(o,i,t,r,!1,!1);else if("MultiLineString"===a||"Polygon"===a)for(s=0;s<i.length;s++)bt(o,i[s],t,r,"Polygon"===a,0===s);else if("MultiPolygon"===a)for(var l=0;l<i.length;l++){var c=i[l];for(s=0;s<c.length;s++)bt(o,c[s],t,r,!0,0===s)}if(o.length){var u=e.tags||null;if("LineString"===a&&n.lineMetrics){for(var f in u={},e.tags)u[f]=e.tags[f];u.mapbox_clip_start=i.start/i.size,u.mapbox_clip_end=i.end/i.size}var h={geometry:o,type:"Polygon"===a||"MultiPolygon"===a?3:"LineString"===a||"MultiLineString"===a?2:1,tags:u};null!==e.id&&(h.id=e.id),t.features.push(h)}}function bt(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=n*n;if(n>0&&e.size<(i?o:n))r.numPoints+=e.length/3;else{for(var s=[],l=0;l<e.length;l+=3)(0===n||e[l+2]>o)&&(r.numSimplified++,s.push(e[l]),s.push(e[l+1])),r.numPoints++;i&&function(t,e){for(var r=0,n=0,i=t.length,a=i-2;n<i;a=n,n+=2)r+=(t[n]-t[a])*(t[n+1]+t[a+1]);if(r>0===e)for(n=0,i=t.length;n<i/2;n+=2){var o=t[n],s=t[n+1];t[n]=t[i-2-n],t[n+1]=t[i-1-n],t[i-2-n]=o,t[i-1-n]=s}}(s,a),t.push(s)}}function _t(t,e){var r=(e=this.options=function(t,e){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r];return t}(Object.create(this.options),e)).debug;if(r&&console.time("preprocess data"),e.maxZoom<0||e.maxZoom>24)throw new Error("maxZoom should be in the 0-24 range");if(e.promoteId&&e.generateId)throw new Error("promoteId and generateId cannot be used together.");var n=function(t,e){var r=[];if("FeatureCollection"===t.type)for(var n=0;n<t.features.length;n++)tt(r,t.features[n],e,n);else"Feature"===t.type?tt(r,t,e):tt(r,{geometry:t},e);return r}(t,e);this.tiles={},this.tileCoords=[],r&&(console.timeEnd("preprocess data"),console.log("index: maxZoom: %d, maxPoints: %d",e.indexMaxZoom,e.indexMaxPoints),console.time("generate tiles"),this.stats={},this.total=0),(n=function(t,e){var r=e.buffer/e.extent,n=t,i=ot(t,1,-1-r,r,0,-1,2,e),a=ot(t,1,1-r,2+r,0,-1,2,e);return(i||a)&&(n=ot(t,1,-r,1+r,0,-1,2,e)||[],i&&(n=dt(i,1).concat(n)),a&&(n=n.concat(dt(a,-1)))),n}(n,e)).length&&this.splitTile(n,0,0,0),r&&(n.length&&console.log("features: %d, points: %d",this.tiles[0].numFeatures,this.tiles[0].numPoints),console.timeEnd("generate tiles"),console.log("tiles generated:",this.total,JSON.stringify(this.stats)))}function wt(t,e,r){return 32*((1<<t)*r+e)+t}function Tt(t,e){var r=t.tileID.canonical;if(!this._geoJSONIndex)return e(null,null);var n=this._geoJSONIndex.getTile(r.z,r.x,r.y);if(!n)return e(null,null);var i=new g(n.features),a=_(i);0===a.byteOffset&&a.byteLength===a.buffer.byteLength||(a=new Uint8Array(a)),e(null,{vectorTile:i,rawData:a.buffer})}U.prototype.load=function(t){var e=this.options,r=e.log,n=e.minZoom,i=e.maxZoom,a=e.nodeSize;r&&console.time("total time");var o="prepare "+t.length+" points";r&&console.time(o),this.points=t;for(var s=[],l=0;l<t.length;l++)t[l].geometry&&s.push(H(t[l],l));this.trees[i+1]=new N(s,X,J,a,Float32Array),r&&console.timeEnd(o);for(var c=i;c>=n;c--){var u=+Date.now();s=this._cluster(s,c),this.trees[c]=new N(s,X,J,a,Float32Array),r&&console.log("z%d: %d clusters in %dms",c,s.length,+Date.now()-u)}return r&&console.timeEnd("total time"),this},U.prototype.getClusters=function(t,e){var r=((t[0]+180)%360+360)%360-180,n=Math.max(-90,Math.min(90,t[1])),i=180===t[2]?180:((t[2]+180)%360+360)%360-180,a=Math.max(-90,Math.min(90,t[3]));if(t[2]-t[0]>=360)r=-180,i=180;else if(r>i){var o=this.getClusters([r,n,180,a],e),s=this.getClusters([-180,n,i,a],e);return o.concat(s)}for(var l=this.trees[this._limitZoom(e)],c=[],u=0,f=l.range(Y(r),W(a),Y(i),W(n));u<f.length;u+=1){var h=f[u],p=l.points[h];c.push(p.numPoints?q(p):this.points[p.index])}return c},U.prototype.getChildren=function(t){var e=this._getOriginId(t),r=this._getOriginZoom(t),n="No cluster with the specified id.",i=this.trees[r];if(!i)throw new Error(n);var a=i.points[e];if(!a)throw new Error(n);for(var o=this.options.radius/(this.options.extent*Math.pow(2,r-1)),s=[],l=0,c=i.within(a.x,a.y,o);l<c.length;l+=1){var u=c[l],f=i.points[u];f.parentId===t&&s.push(f.numPoints?q(f):this.points[f.index])}if(0===s.length)throw new Error(n);return s},U.prototype.getLeaves=function(t,e,r){e=e||10,r=r||0;var n=[];return this._appendLeaves(n,t,e,r,0),n},U.prototype.getTile=function(t,e,r){var n=this.trees[this._limitZoom(t)],i=Math.pow(2,t),a=this.options,o=a.extent,s=a.radius/o,l=(r-s)/i,c=(r+1+s)/i,u={features:[]};return this._addTileFeatures(n.range((e-s)/i,l,(e+1+s)/i,c),n.points,e,r,i,u),0===e&&this._addTileFeatures(n.range(1-s/i,l,1,c),n.points,i,r,i,u),e===i-1&&this._addTileFeatures(n.range(0,l,s/i,c),n.points,-1,r,i,u),u.features.length?u:null},U.prototype.getClusterExpansionZoom=function(t){for(var e=this._getOriginZoom(t)-1;e<=this.options.maxZoom;){var r=this.getChildren(t);if(e++,1!==r.length)break;t=r[0].properties.cluster_id}return e},U.prototype._appendLeaves=function(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a=0,o=this.getChildren(e);a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a],l=s.properties;if(l&&l.cluster?i+l.point_count<=n?i+=l.point_count:i=this._appendLeaves(t,l.cluster_id,r,n,i):i<n?i++:t.push(s),t.length===r)break}return i},U.prototype._addTileFeatures=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){for(var o=0,s=t;o<s.length;o+=1){var l=e[s[o]],c=l.numPoints,u={type:1,geometry:[[Math.round(this.options.extent*(l.x*i-r)),Math.round(this.options.extent*(l.y*i-n))]],tags:c?G(l):this.points[l.index].properties},f=void 0;c?f=l.id:this.options.generateId?f=l.index:this.points[l.index].id&&(f=this.points[l.index].id),void 0!==f&&(u.id=f),a.features.push(u)}},U.prototype._limitZoom=function(t){return Math.max(this.options.minZoom,Math.min(t,this.options.maxZoom+1))},U.prototype._cluster=function(t,e){for(var r=[],n=this.options,i=n.radius,a=n.extent,o=n.reduce,s=i/(a*Math.pow(2,e)),l=0;l<t.length;l++){var c=t[l];if(!(c.zoom<=e)){c.zoom=e;for(var u=this.trees[e+1],f=u.within(c.x,c.y,s),h=c.numPoints||1,p=c.x*h,d=c.y*h,m=o&&h>1?this._map(c,!0):null,g=(l<<5)+(e+1)+this.points.length,v=0,y=f;v<y.length;v+=1){var x=y[v],b=u.points[x];if(!(b.zoom<=e)){b.zoom=e;var _=b.numPoints||1;p+=b.x*_,d+=b.y*_,h+=_,b.parentId=g,o&&(m||(m=this._map(c,!0)),o(m,this._map(b)))}}1===h?r.push(c):(c.parentId=g,r.push(V(p/h,d/h,g,h,m)))}}return r},U.prototype._getOriginId=function(t){return t-this.points.length>>5},U.prototype._getOriginZoom=function(t){return(t-this.points.length)%32},U.prototype._map=function(t,e){if(t.numPoints)return e?Z({},t.properties):t.properties;var r=this.points[t.index].properties,n=this.options.map(r);return e&&n===r?Z({},n):n},_t.prototype.options={maxZoom:14,indexMaxZoom:5,indexMaxPoints:1e5,tolerance:3,extent:4096,buffer:64,lineMetrics:!1,promoteId:null,generateId:!1,debug:0},_t.prototype.splitTile=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){for(var s=[t,e,r,n],l=this.options,c=l.debug;s.length;){n=s.pop(),r=s.pop(),e=s.pop(),t=s.pop();var u=1<<e,f=wt(e,r,n),h=this.tiles[f];if(!h&&(c>1&&console.time("creation"),h=this.tiles[f]=yt(t,e,r,n,l),this.tileCoords.push({z:e,x:r,y:n}),c)){c>1&&(console.log("tile z%d-%d-%d (features: %d, points: %d, simplified: %d)",e,r,n,h.numFeatures,h.numPoints,h.numSimplified),console.timeEnd("creation"));var p="z"+e;this.stats[p]=(this.stats[p]||0)+1,this.total++}if(h.source=t,i){if(e===l.maxZoom||e===i)continue;var d=1<<i-e;if(r!==Math.floor(a/d)||n!==Math.floor(o/d))continue}else if(e===l.indexMaxZoom||h.numPoints<=l.indexMaxPoints)continue;if(h.source=null,0!==t.length){c>1&&console.time("clipping");var m,g,v,y,x,b,_=.5*l.buffer/l.extent,w=.5-_,T=.5+_,k=1+_;m=g=v=y=null,x=ot(t,u,r-_,r+T,0,h.minX,h.maxX,l),b=ot(t,u,r+w,r+k,0,h.minX,h.maxX,l),t=null,x&&(m=ot(x,u,n-_,n+T,1,h.minY,h.maxY,l),g=ot(x,u,n+w,n+k,1,h.minY,h.maxY,l),x=null),b&&(v=ot(b,u,n-_,n+T,1,h.minY,h.maxY,l),y=ot(b,u,n+w,n+k,1,h.minY,h.maxY,l),b=null),c>1&&console.timeEnd("clipping"),s.push(m||[],e+1,2*r,2*n),s.push(g||[],e+1,2*r,2*n+1),s.push(v||[],e+1,2*r+1,2*n),s.push(y||[],e+1,2*r+1,2*n+1)}}},_t.prototype.getTile=function(t,e,r){var n=this.options,i=n.extent,a=n.debug;if(t<0||t>24)return null;var o=1<<t,s=wt(t,e=(e%o+o)%o,r);if(this.tiles[s])return gt(this.tiles[s],i);a>1&&console.log("drilling down to z%d-%d-%d",t,e,r);for(var l,c=t,u=e,f=r;!l&&c>0;)c--,u=Math.floor(u/2),f=Math.floor(f/2),l=this.tiles[wt(c,u,f)];return l&&l.source?(a>1&&console.log("found parent tile z%d-%d-%d",c,u,f),a>1&&console.time("drilling down"),this.splitTile(l.source,c,u,f,t,e,r),a>1&&console.timeEnd("drilling down"),this.tiles[s]?gt(this.tiles[s],i):null):null};var kt=function(e){function r(t,r,n,i){e.call(this,t,r,n,Tt),i&&(this.loadGeoJSON=i)}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.loadData=function(t,e){this._pendingCallback&&this._pendingCallback(null,{abandoned:!0}),this._pendingCallback=e,this._pendingLoadDataParams=t,this._state&&"Idle"!==this._state?this._state="NeedsLoadData":(this._state="Coalescing",this._loadData())},r.prototype._loadData=function(){var e=this;if(this._pendingCallback&&this._pendingLoadDataParams){var r=this._pendingCallback,n=this._pendingLoadDataParams;delete this._pendingCallback,delete this._pendingLoadDataParams;var i=!!(n&&n.request&&n.request.collectResourceTiming)&&new t.RequestPerformance(n.request);this.loadGeoJSON(n,(function(a,o){if(a||!o)return r(a);if("object"!=typeof o)return r(new Error("Input data given to '"+n.source+"' is not a valid GeoJSON object."));f(o,!0);try{e._geoJSONIndex=n.cluster?new U(function(e){var r=e.superclusterOptions,n=e.clusterProperties;if(!n||!r)return r;for(var i={},a={},o={accumulated:null,zoom:0},s={properties:null},l=Object.keys(n),c=0,u=l;c<u.length;c+=1){var f=u[c],h=n[f],p=h[0],d=h[1],m=t.createExpression(d),g=t.createExpression("string"==typeof p?[p,["accumulated"],["get",f]]:p);i[f]=m.value,a[f]=g.value}return r.map=function(t){s.properties=t;for(var e={},r=0,n=l;r<n.length;r+=1){var a=n[r];e[a]=i[a].evaluate(o,s)}return e},r.reduce=function(t,e){s.properties=e;for(var r=0,n=l;r<n.length;r+=1){var i=n[r];o.accumulated=t[i],t[i]=a[i].evaluate(o,s)}},r}(n)).load(o.features):function(t,e){return new _t(t,e)}(o,n.geojsonVtOptions)}catch(a){return r(a)}e.loaded={};var s={};if(i){var l=i.finish();l&&(s.resourceTiming={},s.resourceTiming[n.source]=JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(l)))}r(null,s)}))}},r.prototype.coalesce=function(){"Coalescing"===this._state?this._state="Idle":"NeedsLoadData"===this._state&&(this._state="Coalescing",this._loadData())},r.prototype.reloadTile=function(t,r){var n=this.loaded,i=t.uid;return n&&n[i]?e.prototype.reloadTile.call(this,t,r):this.loadTile(t,r)},r.prototype.loadGeoJSON=function(e,r){if(e.request)t.getJSON(e.request,r);else{if("string"!=typeof e.data)return r(new Error("Input data given to '"+e.source+"' is not a valid GeoJSON object."));try{return r(null,JSON.parse(e.data))}catch(t){return r(new Error("Input data given to '"+e.source+"' is not a valid GeoJSON object."))}}},r.prototype.removeSource=function(t,e){this._pendingCallback&&this._pendingCallback(null,{abandoned:!0}),e()},r.prototype.getClusterExpansionZoom=function(t,e){try{e(null,this._geoJSONIndex.getClusterExpansionZoom(t.clusterId))}catch(t){e(t)}},r.prototype.getClusterChildren=function(t,e){try{e(null,this._geoJSONIndex.getChildren(t.clusterId))}catch(t){e(t)}},r.prototype.getClusterLeaves=function(t,e){try{e(null,this._geoJSONIndex.getLeaves(t.clusterId,t.limit,t.offset))}catch(t){e(t)}},r}(l);var At=function(e){var r=this;this.self=e,this.actor=new t.Actor(e,this),this.layerIndexes={},this.availableImages={},this.workerSourceTypes={vector:l,geojson:kt},this.workerSources={},this.demWorkerSources={},this.self.registerWorkerSource=function(t,e){if(r.workerSourceTypes[t])throw new Error('Worker source with name "'+t+'" already registered.');r.workerSourceTypes[t]=e},this.self.registerRTLTextPlugin=function(e){if(t.plugin.isParsed())throw new Error("RTL text plugin already registered.");t.plugin.applyArabicShaping=e.applyArabicShaping,t.plugin.processBidirectionalText=e.processBidirectionalText,t.plugin.processStyledBidirectionalText=e.processStyledBidirectionalText}};return At.prototype.setReferrer=function(t,e){this.referrer=e},At.prototype.setImages=function(t,e,r){for(var n in this.availableImages[t]=e,this.workerSources[t]){var i=this.workerSources[t][n];for(var a in i)i[a].availableImages=e}r()},At.prototype.setLayers=function(t,e,r){this.getLayerIndex(t).replace(e),r()},At.prototype.updateLayers=function(t,e,r){this.getLayerIndex(t).update(e.layers,e.removedIds),r()},At.prototype.loadTile=function(t,e,r){this.getWorkerSource(t,e.type,e.source).loadTile(e,r)},At.prototype.loadDEMTile=function(t,e,r){this.getDEMWorkerSource(t,e.source).loadTile(e,r)},At.prototype.reloadTile=function(t,e,r){this.getWorkerSource(t,e.type,e.source).reloadTile(e,r)},At.prototype.abortTile=function(t,e,r){this.getWorkerSource(t,e.type,e.source).abortTile(e,r)},At.prototype.removeTile=function(t,e,r){this.getWorkerSource(t,e.type,e.source).removeTile(e,r)},At.prototype.removeDEMTile=function(t,e){this.getDEMWorkerSource(t,e.source).removeTile(e)},At.prototype.removeSource=function(t,e,r){if(this.workerSources[t]&&this.workerSources[t][e.type]&&this.workerSources[t][e.type][e.source]){var n=this.workerSources[t][e.type][e.source];delete this.workerSources[t][e.type][e.source],void 0!==n.removeSource?n.removeSource(e,r):r()}},At.prototype.loadWorkerSource=function(t,e,r){try{this.self.importScripts(e.url),r()}catch(t){r(t.toString())}},At.prototype.syncRTLPluginState=function(e,r,n){try{t.plugin.setState(r);var i=t.plugin.getPluginURL();if(t.plugin.isLoaded()&&!t.plugin.isParsed()&&null!=i){this.self.importScripts(i);var a=t.plugin.isParsed();n(a?void 0:new Error("RTL Text Plugin failed to import scripts from "+i),a)}}catch(t){n(t.toString())}},At.prototype.getAvailableImages=function(t){var e=this.availableImages[t];return e||(e=[]),e},At.prototype.getLayerIndex=function(t){var e=this.layerIndexes[t];return e||(e=this.layerIndexes[t]=new n),e},At.prototype.getWorkerSource=function(t,e,r){var n=this;if(this.workerSources[t]||(this.workerSources[t]={}),this.workerSources[t][e]||(this.workerSources[t][e]={}),!this.workerSources[t][e][r]){var i={send:function(e,r,i){n.actor.send(e,r,i,t)}};this.workerSources[t][e][r]=new this.workerSourceTypes[e](i,this.getLayerIndex(t),this.getAvailableImages(t))}return this.workerSources[t][e][r]},At.prototype.getDEMWorkerSource=function(t,e){return this.demWorkerSources[t]||(this.demWorkerSources[t]={}),this.demWorkerSources[t][e]||(this.demWorkerSources[t][e]=new u),this.demWorkerSources[t][e]},At.prototype.enforceCacheSizeLimit=function(e,r){t.enforceCacheSizeLimit(r)},"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&void 0!==t.window&&t.window instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&(t.window.worker=new At(t.window)),At})),n(0,(function(t){var e=t.createCommonjsModule((function(t){function e(t){return!r(t)}function r(t){return"undefined"==typeof window||"undefined"==typeof document?"not a 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e=t.getContext("2d");if(!e)return!1;var r=e.getImageData(0,0,1,1);return r&&r.width===t.width}()?function(t){void 0===n[t]&&(n[t]=function(t){var r=function(t){var r=document.createElement("canvas"),n=Object.create(e.webGLContextAttributes);return n.failIfMajorPerformanceCaveat=t,r.probablySupportsContext?r.probablySupportsContext("webgl",n)||r.probablySupportsContext("experimental-webgl",n):r.supportsContext?r.supportsContext("webgl",n)||r.supportsContext("experimental-webgl",n):r.getContext("webgl",n)||r.getContext("experimental-webgl",n)}(t);if(!r)return!1;var n=r.createShader(r.VERTEX_SHADER);if(!n||r.isContextLost())return!1;return r.shaderSource(n,"void main() {}"),r.compileShader(n),!0===r.getShaderParameter(n,r.COMPILE_STATUS)}(t));return n[t]}(t&&t.failIfMajorPerformanceCaveat)?void 0:"insufficient WebGL support":"insufficient Canvas/getImageData support":"insufficient ArrayBuffer support":"insufficient Uint8ClampedArray support":"insufficient worker support":"insufficient JSON support":"insufficient Object support":"insufficient Function support":"insufficent Array support"}t.exports?t.exports=e:window&&(window.mapboxgl=window.mapboxgl||{},window.mapboxgl.supported=e,window.mapboxgl.notSupportedReason=r);var n={};e.webGLContextAttributes={antialias:!1,alpha:!0,stencil:!0,depth:!0}})),r={create:function(e,r,n){var i=t.window.document.createElement(e);return void 0!==r&&(i.className=r),n&&n.appendChild(i),i},createNS:function(e,r){return t.window.document.createElementNS(e,r)}},n=t.window.document.documentElement.style;function i(t){if(!n)return t[0];for(var e=0;e<t.length;e++)if(t[e]in n)return t[e];return t[0]}var a,o=i(["userSelect","MozUserSelect","WebkitUserSelect","msUserSelect"]);r.disableDrag=function(){n&&o&&(a=n[o],n[o]="none")},r.enableDrag=function(){n&&o&&(n[o]=a)};var s=i(["transform","WebkitTransform"]);r.setTransform=function(t,e){t.style[s]=e};var l=!1;try{var c=Object.defineProperty({},"passive",{get:function(){l=!0}});t.window.addEventListener("test",c,c),t.window.removeEventListener("test",c,c)}catch(t){l=!1}r.addEventListener=function(t,e,r,n){void 0===n&&(n={}),"passive"in n&&l?t.addEventListener(e,r,n):t.addEventListener(e,r,n.capture)},r.removeEventListener=function(t,e,r,n){void 0===n&&(n={}),"passive"in n&&l?t.removeEventListener(e,r,n):t.removeEventListener(e,r,n.capture)};var u=function(e){e.preventDefault(),e.stopPropagation(),t.window.removeEventListener("click",u,!0)};function f(t){var e=t.userImage;if(e&&e.render&&e.render())return t.data.replace(new Uint8Array(e.data.buffer)),!0;return!1}r.suppressClick=function(){t.window.addEventListener("click",u,!0),t.window.setTimeout((function(){t.window.removeEventListener("click",u,!0)}),0)},r.mousePos=function(e,r){var n=e.getBoundingClientRect();return new t.Point(r.clientX-n.left-e.clientLeft,r.clientY-n.top-e.clientTop)},r.touchPos=function(e,r){for(var 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this.images[t]},r.prototype.addImage=function(t,e){this._validate(t,e)&&(this.images[t]=e)},r.prototype._validate=function(e,r){var n=!0;return this._validateStretch(r.stretchX,r.data&&r.data.width)||(this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error('Image "'+e+'" has invalid "stretchX" value'))),n=!1),this._validateStretch(r.stretchY,r.data&&r.data.height)||(this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error('Image "'+e+'" has invalid "stretchY" value'))),n=!1),this._validateContent(r.content,r)||(this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error('Image "'+e+'" has invalid "content" value'))),n=!1),n},r.prototype._validateStretch=function(t,e){if(!t)return!0;for(var r=0,n=0,i=t;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n];if(a[0]<r||a[1]<a[0]||e<a[1])return!1;r=a[1]}return!0},r.prototype._validateContent=function(t,e){return!t||4===t.length&&(!(t[0]<0||e.data.width<t[0])&&(!(t[1]<0||e.data.height<t[1])&&(!(t[2]<0||e.data.width<t[2])&&(!(t[3]<0||e.data.height<t[3])&&(!(t[2]<t[0])&&!(t[3]<t[1]))))))},r.prototype.updateImage=function(t,e){var r=this.images[t];e.version=r.version+1,this.images[t]=e,this.updatedImages[t]=!0},r.prototype.removeImage=function(t){var e=this.images[t];delete this.images[t],delete this.patterns[t],e.userImage&&e.userImage.onRemove&&e.userImage.onRemove()},r.prototype.listImages=function(){return Object.keys(this.images)},r.prototype.getImages=function(t,e){var r=!0;if(!this.isLoaded())for(var n=0,i=t;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n];this.images[a]||(r=!1)}this.isLoaded()||r?this._notify(t,e):this.requestors.push({ids:t,callback:e})},r.prototype._notify=function(e,r){for(var n={},i=0,a=e;i<a.length;i+=1){var o=a[i];this.images[o]||this.fire(new t.Event("styleimagemissing",{id:o}));var s=this.images[o];s?n[o]={data:s.data.clone(),pixelRatio:s.pixelRatio,sdf:s.sdf,version:s.version,stretchX:s.stretchX,stretchY:s.stretchY,content:s.content,hasRenderCallback:Boolean(s.userImage&&s.userImage.render)}:t.warnOnce('Image "'+o+'" could not be loaded. Please make sure you have added the image with map.addImage() or a "sprite" property in your style. 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o.resize({width:i||1,height:a||1}),this.patterns){var l=this.patterns[s].bin,c=l.x+1,u=l.y+1,f=this.images[s].data,h=f.width,p=f.height;t.RGBAImage.copy(f,o,{x:0,y:0},{x:c,y:u},{width:h,height:p}),t.RGBAImage.copy(f,o,{x:0,y:p-1},{x:c,y:u-1},{width:h,height:1}),t.RGBAImage.copy(f,o,{x:0,y:0},{x:c,y:u+p},{width:h,height:1}),t.RGBAImage.copy(f,o,{x:h-1,y:0},{x:c-1,y:u},{width:1,height:p}),t.RGBAImage.copy(f,o,{x:0,y:0},{x:c+h,y:u},{width:1,height:p})}this.dirty=!0},r.prototype.beginFrame=function(){this.callbackDispatchedThisFrame={}},r.prototype.dispatchRenderCallbacks=function(t){for(var e=0,r=t;e<r.length;e+=1){var n=r[e];if(!this.callbackDispatchedThisFrame[n]){this.callbackDispatchedThisFrame[n]=!0;var i=this.images[n];f(i)&&this.updateImage(n,i)}}},r}(t.Evented);var p=g,d=g,m=1e20;function g(t,e,r,n,i,a){this.fontSize=t||24,this.buffer=void 0===e?3:e,this.cutoff=n||.25,this.fontFamily=i||"sans-serif",this.fontWeight=a||"normal",this.radius=r||8;var o=this.size=this.fontSize+2*this.buffer;this.canvas=document.createElement("canvas"),this.canvas.width=this.canvas.height=o,this.ctx=this.canvas.getContext("2d"),this.ctx.font=this.fontWeight+" "+this.fontSize+"px "+this.fontFamily,this.ctx.textBaseline="middle",this.ctx.fillStyle="black",this.gridOuter=new Float64Array(o*o),this.gridInner=new Float64Array(o*o),this.f=new Float64Array(o),this.d=new Float64Array(o),this.z=new Float64Array(o+1),this.v=new Int16Array(o),this.middle=Math.round(o/2*(navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Gecko/")>=0?1.2:1))}function v(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){for(var s=0;s<e;s++){for(var l=0;l<r;l++)n[l]=t[l*e+s];for(y(n,i,a,o,r),l=0;l<r;l++)t[l*e+s]=i[l]}for(l=0;l<r;l++){for(s=0;s<e;s++)n[s]=t[l*e+s];for(y(n,i,a,o,e),s=0;s<e;s++)t[l*e+s]=Math.sqrt(i[s])}}function y(t,e,r,n,i){r[0]=0,n[0]=-m,n[1]=+m;for(var a=1,o=0;a<i;a++){for(var 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x=function(t,e){this.requestManager=t,this.localIdeographFontFamily=e,this.entries={}};x.prototype.setURL=function(t){this.url=t},x.prototype.getGlyphs=function(e,r){var n=this,i=[];for(var a in e)for(var o=0,s=e[a];o<s.length;o+=1){var l=s[o];i.push({stack:a,id:l})}t.asyncAll(i,(function(t,e){var r=t.stack,i=t.id,a=n.entries[r];a||(a=n.entries[r]={glyphs:{},requests:{},ranges:{}});var o=a.glyphs[i];if(void 0===o){if(o=n._tinySDF(a,r,i))return a.glyphs[i]=o,void e(null,{stack:r,id:i,glyph:o});var s=Math.floor(i/256);if(256*s>65535)e(new Error("glyphs > 65535 not supported"));else if(a.ranges[s])e(null,{stack:r,id:i,glyph:o});else{var l=a.requests[s];l||(l=a.requests[s]=[],x.loadGlyphRange(r,s,n.url,n.requestManager,(function(t,e){if(e){for(var r in e)n._doesCharSupportLocalGlyph(+r)||(a.glyphs[+r]=e[+r]);a.ranges[s]=!0}for(var i=0,o=l;i<o.length;i+=1){(0,o[i])(t,e)}delete a.requests[s]}))),l.push((function(t,n){t?e(t):n&&e(null,{stack:r,id:i,glyph:n[i]||null})}))}}else 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o=256*r,s=o+255,l=i.transformRequest(i.normalizeGlyphsURL(n).replace("{fontstack}",e).replace("{range}",o+"-"+s),t.ResourceType.Glyphs);t.getArrayBuffer(l,(function(e,r){if(e)a(e);else if(r){for(var n={},i=0,o=t.parseGlyphPBF(r);i<o.length;i+=1){var s=o[i];n[s.id]=s}a(null,n)}}))},x.TinySDF=p;var b=function(){this.specification=t.styleSpec.light.position};b.prototype.possiblyEvaluate=function(e,r){return t.sphericalToCartesian(e.expression.evaluate(r))},b.prototype.interpolate=function(e,r,n){return{x:t.number(e.x,r.x,n),y:t.number(e.y,r.y,n),z:t.number(e.z,r.z,n)}};var _=new t.Properties({anchor:new t.DataConstantProperty(t.styleSpec.light.anchor),position:new b,color:new t.DataConstantProperty(t.styleSpec.light.color),intensity:new t.DataConstantProperty(t.styleSpec.light.intensity)}),w=function(e){function r(r){e.call(this),this._transitionable=new t.Transitionable(_),this.setLight(r),this._transitioning=this._transitionable.untransitioned()}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.getLight=function(){return this._transitionable.serialize()},r.prototype.setLight=function(e,r){if(void 0===r&&(r={}),!this._validate(t.validateLight,e,r))for(var n in e){var i=e[n];t.endsWith(n,"-transition")?this._transitionable.setTransition(n.slice(0,-"-transition".length),i):this._transitionable.setValue(n,i)}},r.prototype.updateTransitions=function(t){this._transitioning=this._transitionable.transitioned(t,this._transitioning)},r.prototype.hasTransition=function(){return this._transitioning.hasTransition()},r.prototype.recalculate=function(t){this.properties=this._transitioning.possiblyEvaluate(t)},r.prototype._validate=function(e,r,n){return(!n||!1!==n.validate)&&t.emitValidationErrors(this,e.call(t.validateStyle,t.extend({value:r,style:{glyphs:!0,sprite:!0},styleSpec:t.styleSpec})))},r}(t.Evented),T=function(t,e){this.width=t,this.height=e,this.nextRow=0,this.data=new Uint8Array(this.width*this.height),this.dashEntry={}};T.prototype.getDash=function(t,e){var r=t.join(",")+String(e);return this.dashEntry[r]||(this.dashEntry[r]=this.addDash(t,e)),this.dashEntry[r]},T.prototype.getDashRanges=function(t,e,r){var n=[],i=t.length%2==1?-t[t.length-1]*r:0,a=t[0]*r,o=!0;n.push({left:i,right:a,isDash:o,zeroLength:0===t[0]});for(var s=t[0],l=1;l<t.length;l++){o=!o;var c=t[l];i=s*r,a=(s+=c)*r,n.push({left:i,right:a,isDash:o,zeroLength:0===c})}return n},T.prototype.addRoundDash=function(t,e,r){for(var n=e/2,i=-r;i<=r;i++)for(var a=this.nextRow+r+i,o=this.width*a,s=0,l=t[s],c=0;c<this.width;c++){c/l.right>1&&(l=t[++s]);var u=Math.abs(c-l.left),f=Math.abs(c-l.right),h=Math.min(u,f),p=void 0,d=i/r*(n+1);if(l.isDash){var m=n-Math.abs(d);p=Math.sqrt(h*h+m*m)}else p=n-Math.sqrt(h*h+d*d);this.data[o+c]=Math.max(0,Math.min(255,p+128))}},T.prototype.addRegularDash=function(t){for(var e=t.length-1;e>=0;--e){var r=t[e],n=t[e+1];r.zeroLength?t.splice(e,1):n&&n.isDash===r.isDash&&(n.left=r.left,t.splice(e,1))}var i=t[0],a=t[t.length-1];i.isDash===a.isDash&&(i.left=a.left-this.width,a.right=i.right+this.width);for(var o=this.width*this.nextRow,s=0,l=t[s],c=0;c<this.width;c++){c/l.right>1&&(l=t[++s]);var u=Math.abs(c-l.left),f=Math.abs(c-l.right),h=Math.min(u,f),p=l.isDash?h:-h;this.data[o+c]=Math.max(0,Math.min(255,p+128))}},T.prototype.addDash=function(e,r){var n=r?7:0,i=2*n+1;if(this.nextRow+i>this.height)return t.warnOnce("LineAtlas out of space"),null;for(var a=0,o=0;o<e.length;o++)a+=e[o];if(0!==a){var s=this.width/a,l=this.getDashRanges(e,this.width,s);r?this.addRoundDash(l,s,n):this.addRegularDash(l)}var c={y:(this.nextRow+n+.5)/this.height,height:2*n/this.height,width:a};return this.nextRow+=i,this.dirty=!0,c},T.prototype.bind=function(t){var e=t.gl;this.texture?(e.bindTexture(e.TEXTURE_2D,this.texture),this.dirty&&(this.dirty=!1,e.texSubImage2D(e.TEXTURE_2D,0,0,0,this.width,this.height,e.ALPHA,e.UNSIGNED_BYTE,this.data))):(this.texture=e.createTexture(),e.bindTexture(e.TEXTURE_2D,this.texture),e.texParameteri(e.TEXTURE_2D,e.TEXTURE_WRAP_S,e.REPEAT),e.texParameteri(e.TEXTURE_2D,e.TEXTURE_WRAP_T,e.REPEAT),e.texParameteri(e.TEXTURE_2D,e.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,e.LINEAR),e.texParameteri(e.TEXTURE_2D,e.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,e.LINEAR),e.texImage2D(e.TEXTURE_2D,0,e.ALPHA,this.width,this.height,0,e.ALPHA,e.UNSIGNED_BYTE,this.data))};var k=function e(r,n){this.workerPool=r,this.actors=[],this.currentActor=0,this.id=t.uniqueId();for(var i=this.workerPool.acquire(this.id),a=0;a<i.length;a++){var o=i[a],s=new e.Actor(o,n,this.id);s.name="Worker "+a,this.actors.push(s)}};function A(e,r,n){var i=function(i,a){if(i)return n(i);if(a){var o=t.pick(t.extend(a,e),["tiles","minzoom","maxzoom","attribution","mapbox_logo","bounds","scheme","tileSize","encoding"]);a.vector_layers&&(o.vectorLayers=a.vector_layers,o.vectorLayerIds=o.vectorLayers.map((function(t){return t.id}))),o.tiles=r.canonicalizeTileset(o,e.url),n(null,o)}};return e.url?t.getJSON(r.transformRequest(r.normalizeSourceURL(e.url),t.ResourceType.Source),i):t.browser.frame((function(){return i(null,e)}))}k.prototype.broadcast=function(e,r,n){n=n||function(){},t.asyncAll(this.actors,(function(t,n){t.send(e,r,n)}),n)},k.prototype.getActor=function(){return this.currentActor=(this.currentActor+1)%this.actors.length,this.actors[this.currentActor]},k.prototype.remove=function(){this.actors.forEach((function(t){t.remove()})),this.actors=[],this.workerPool.release(this.id)},k.Actor=t.Actor;var M=function(e,r,n){this.bounds=t.LngLatBounds.convert(this.validateBounds(e)),this.minzoom=r||0,this.maxzoom=n||24};M.prototype.validateBounds=function(t){return Array.isArray(t)&&4===t.length?[Math.max(-180,t[0]),Math.max(-90,t[1]),Math.min(180,t[2]),Math.min(90,t[3])]:[-180,-90,180,90]},M.prototype.contains=function(e){var r=Math.pow(2,e.z),n=Math.floor(t.mercatorXfromLng(this.bounds.getWest())*r),i=Math.floor(t.mercatorYfromLat(this.bounds.getNorth())*r),a=Math.ceil(t.mercatorXfromLng(this.bounds.getEast())*r),o=Math.ceil(t.mercatorYfromLat(this.bounds.getSouth())*r);return e.x>=n&&e.x<a&&e.y>=i&&e.y<o};var S=function(e){function r(r,n,i,a){if(e.call(this),this.id=r,this.dispatcher=i,this.type="vector",this.minzoom=0,this.maxzoom=22,this.scheme="xyz",this.tileSize=512,this.reparseOverscaled=!0,this.isTileClipped=!0,this._loaded=!1,t.extend(this,t.pick(n,["url","scheme","tileSize","promoteId"])),this._options=t.extend({type:"vector"},n),this._collectResourceTiming=n.collectResourceTiming,512!==this.tileSize)throw new Error("vector tile sources must have a tileSize of 512");this.setEventedParent(a)}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.load=function(){var e=this;this._loaded=!1,this.fire(new t.Event("dataloading",{dataType:"source"})),this._tileJSONRequest=A(this._options,this.map._requestManager,(function(r,n){e._tileJSONRequest=null,e._loaded=!0,r?e.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(r)):n&&(t.extend(e,n),n.bounds&&(e.tileBounds=new M(n.bounds,e.minzoom,e.maxzoom)),t.postTurnstileEvent(n.tiles,e.map._requestManager._customAccessToken),t.postMapLoadEvent(n.tiles,e.map._getMapId(),e.map._requestManager._skuToken,e.map._requestManager._customAccessToken),e.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"source",sourceDataType:"metadata"})),e.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"source",sourceDataType:"content"})))}))},r.prototype.loaded=function(){return this._loaded},r.prototype.hasTile=function(t){return!this.tileBounds||this.tileBounds.contains(t.canonical)},r.prototype.onAdd=function(t){this.map=t,this.load()},r.prototype.onRemove=function(){this._tileJSONRequest&&(this._tileJSONRequest.cancel(),this._tileJSONRequest=null)},r.prototype.serialize=function(){return t.extend({},this._options)},r.prototype.loadTile=function(e,r){var n=this.map._requestManager.normalizeTileURL(e.tileID.canonical.url(this.tiles,this.scheme)),i={request:this.map._requestManager.transformRequest(n,t.ResourceType.Tile),uid:e.uid,tileID:e.tileID,zoom:e.tileID.overscaledZ,tileSize:this.tileSize*e.tileID.overscaleFactor(),type:this.type,source:this.id,pixelRatio:t.browser.devicePixelRatio,showCollisionBoxes:this.map.showCollisionBoxes,promoteId:this.promoteId};function a(n,i){return delete e.request,e.aborted?r(null):n&&404!==n.status?r(n):(i&&i.resourceTiming&&(e.resourceTiming=i.resourceTiming),this.map._refreshExpiredTiles&&i&&e.setExpiryData(i),e.loadVectorData(i,this.map.painter),t.cacheEntryPossiblyAdded(this.dispatcher),r(null),void(e.reloadCallback&&(this.loadTile(e,e.reloadCallback),e.reloadCallback=null)))}i.request.collectResourceTiming=this._collectResourceTiming,e.actor&&"expired"!==e.state?"loading"===e.state?e.reloadCallback=r:e.request=e.actor.send("reloadTile",i,a.bind(this)):(e.actor=this.dispatcher.getActor(),e.request=e.actor.send("loadTile",i,a.bind(this)))},r.prototype.abortTile=function(t){t.request&&(t.request.cancel(),delete t.request),t.actor&&t.actor.send("abortTile",{uid:t.uid,type:this.type,source:this.id},void 0)},r.prototype.unloadTile=function(t){t.unloadVectorData(),t.actor&&t.actor.send("removeTile",{uid:t.uid,type:this.type,source:this.id},void 0)},r.prototype.hasTransition=function(){return!1},r}(t.Evented),E=function(e){function r(r,n,i,a){e.call(this),this.id=r,this.dispatcher=i,this.setEventedParent(a),this.type="raster",this.minzoom=0,this.maxzoom=22,this.roundZoom=!0,this.scheme="xyz",this.tileSize=512,this._loaded=!1,this._options=t.extend({type:"raster"},n),t.extend(this,t.pick(n,["url","scheme","tileSize"]))}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.load=function(){var e=this;this._loaded=!1,this.fire(new t.Event("dataloading",{dataType:"source"})),this._tileJSONRequest=A(this._options,this.map._requestManager,(function(r,n){e._tileJSONRequest=null,e._loaded=!0,r?e.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(r)):n&&(t.extend(e,n),n.bounds&&(e.tileBounds=new M(n.bounds,e.minzoom,e.maxzoom)),t.postTurnstileEvent(n.tiles),t.postMapLoadEvent(n.tiles,e.map._getMapId(),e.map._requestManager._skuToken),e.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"source",sourceDataType:"metadata"})),e.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"source",sourceDataType:"content"})))}))},r.prototype.loaded=function(){return this._loaded},r.prototype.onAdd=function(t){this.map=t,this.load()},r.prototype.onRemove=function(){this._tileJSONRequest&&(this._tileJSONRequest.cancel(),this._tileJSONRequest=null)},r.prototype.serialize=function(){return t.extend({},this._options)},r.prototype.hasTile=function(t){return!this.tileBounds||this.tileBounds.contains(t.canonical)},r.prototype.loadTile=function(e,r){var n=this,i=this.map._requestManager.normalizeTileURL(e.tileID.canonical.url(this.tiles,this.scheme),this.tileSize);e.request=t.getImage(this.map._requestManager.transformRequest(i,t.ResourceType.Tile),(function(i,a){if(delete e.request,e.aborted)e.state="unloaded",r(null);else if(i)e.state="errored",r(i);else if(a){n.map._refreshExpiredTiles&&e.setExpiryData(a),delete a.cacheControl,delete a.expires;var o=n.map.painter.context,s=o.gl;e.texture=n.map.painter.getTileTexture(a.width),e.texture?e.texture.update(a,{useMipmap:!0}):(e.texture=new t.Texture(o,a,s.RGBA,{useMipmap:!0}),e.texture.bind(s.LINEAR,s.CLAMP_TO_EDGE,s.LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST),o.extTextureFilterAnisotropic&&s.texParameterf(s.TEXTURE_2D,o.extTextureFilterAnisotropic.TEXTURE_MAX_ANISOTROPY_EXT,o.extTextureFilterAnisotropicMax)),e.state="loaded",t.cacheEntryPossiblyAdded(n.dispatcher),r(null)}}))},r.prototype.abortTile=function(t,e){t.request&&(t.request.cancel(),delete t.request),e()},r.prototype.unloadTile=function(t,e){t.texture&&this.map.painter.saveTileTexture(t.texture),e()},r.prototype.hasTransition=function(){return!1},r}(t.Evented),L=function(e){function r(r,n,i,a){e.call(this,r,n,i,a),this.type="raster-dem",this.maxzoom=22,this._options=t.extend({type:"raster-dem"},n),this.encoding=n.encoding||"mapbox"}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.serialize=function(){return{type:"raster-dem",url:this.url,tileSize:this.tileSize,tiles:this.tiles,bounds:this.bounds,encoding:this.encoding}},r.prototype.loadTile=function(e,r){var n=this.map._requestManager.normalizeTileURL(e.tileID.canonical.url(this.tiles,this.scheme),this.tileSize);function i(t,n){t&&(e.state="errored",r(t)),n&&(e.dem=n,e.needsHillshadePrepare=!0,e.state="loaded",r(null))}e.request=t.getImage(this.map._requestManager.transformRequest(n,t.ResourceType.Tile),function(n,a){if(delete e.request,e.aborted)e.state="unloaded",r(null);else if(n)e.state="errored",r(n);else if(a){this.map._refreshExpiredTiles&&e.setExpiryData(a),delete a.cacheControl,delete a.expires;var o=t.window.ImageBitmap&&a instanceof t.window.ImageBitmap&&t.offscreenCanvasSupported()?a:t.browser.getImageData(a,1),s={uid:e.uid,coord:e.tileID,source:this.id,rawImageData:o,encoding:this.encoding};e.actor&&"expired"!==e.state||(e.actor=this.dispatcher.getActor(),e.actor.send("loadDEMTile",s,i.bind(this)))}}.bind(this)),e.neighboringTiles=this._getNeighboringTiles(e.tileID)},r.prototype._getNeighboringTiles=function(e){var r=e.canonical,n=Math.pow(2,r.z),i=(r.x-1+n)%n,a=0===r.x?e.wrap-1:e.wrap,o=(r.x+1+n)%n,s=r.x+1===n?e.wrap+1:e.wrap,l={};return l[new t.OverscaledTileID(e.overscaledZ,a,r.z,i,r.y).key]={backfilled:!1},l[new t.OverscaledTileID(e.overscaledZ,s,r.z,o,r.y).key]={backfilled:!1},r.y>0&&(l[new t.OverscaledTileID(e.overscaledZ,a,r.z,i,r.y-1).key]={backfilled:!1},l[new t.OverscaledTileID(e.overscaledZ,e.wrap,r.z,r.x,r.y-1).key]={backfilled:!1},l[new t.OverscaledTileID(e.overscaledZ,s,r.z,o,r.y-1).key]={backfilled:!1}),r.y+1<n&&(l[new t.OverscaledTileID(e.overscaledZ,a,r.z,i,r.y+1).key]={backfilled:!1},l[new t.OverscaledTileID(e.overscaledZ,e.wrap,r.z,r.x,r.y+1).key]={backfilled:!1},l[new t.OverscaledTileID(e.overscaledZ,s,r.z,o,r.y+1).key]={backfilled:!1}),l},r.prototype.unloadTile=function(t){t.demTexture&&this.map.painter.saveTileTexture(t.demTexture),t.fbo&&(t.fbo.destroy(),delete t.fbo),t.dem&&delete t.dem,delete t.neighboringTiles,t.state="unloaded",t.actor&&t.actor.send("removeDEMTile",{uid:t.uid,source:this.id})},r}(E),C=function(e){function r(r,n,i,a){e.call(this),this.id=r,this.type="geojson",this.minzoom=0,this.maxzoom=18,this.tileSize=512,this.isTileClipped=!0,this.reparseOverscaled=!0,this._removed=!1,this._loaded=!1,this.actor=i.getActor(),this.setEventedParent(a),this._data=n.data,this._options=t.extend({},n),this._collectResourceTiming=n.collectResourceTiming,this._resourceTiming=[],void 0!==n.maxzoom&&(this.maxzoom=n.maxzoom),n.type&&(this.type=n.type),n.attribution&&(this.attribution=n.attribution),this.promoteId=n.promoteId;var o=t.EXTENT/this.tileSize;this.workerOptions=t.extend({source:this.id,cluster:n.cluster||!1,geojsonVtOptions:{buffer:(void 0!==n.buffer?n.buffer:128)*o,tolerance:(void 0!==n.tolerance?n.tolerance:.375)*o,extent:t.EXTENT,maxZoom:this.maxzoom,lineMetrics:n.lineMetrics||!1,generateId:n.generateId||!1},superclusterOptions:{maxZoom:void 0!==n.clusterMaxZoom?Math.min(n.clusterMaxZoom,this.maxzoom-1):this.maxzoom-1,extent:t.EXTENT,radius:(n.clusterRadius||50)*o,log:!1,generateId:n.generateId||!1},clusterProperties:n.clusterProperties},n.workerOptions)}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.load=function(){var e=this;this.fire(new t.Event("dataloading",{dataType:"source"})),this._updateWorkerData((function(r){if(r)e.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(r));else{var n={dataType:"source",sourceDataType:"metadata"};e._collectResourceTiming&&e._resourceTiming&&e._resourceTiming.length>0&&(n.resourceTiming=e._resourceTiming,e._resourceTiming=[]),e.fire(new t.Event("data",n))}}))},r.prototype.onAdd=function(t){this.map=t,this.load()},r.prototype.setData=function(e){var r=this;return this._data=e,this.fire(new t.Event("dataloading",{dataType:"source"})),this._updateWorkerData((function(e){if(e)r.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(e));else{var n={dataType:"source",sourceDataType:"content"};r._collectResourceTiming&&r._resourceTiming&&r._resourceTiming.length>0&&(n.resourceTiming=r._resourceTiming,r._resourceTiming=[]),r.fire(new t.Event("data",n))}})),this},r.prototype.getClusterExpansionZoom=function(t,e){return this.actor.send("geojson.getClusterExpansionZoom",{clusterId:t,source:this.id},e),this},r.prototype.getClusterChildren=function(t,e){return this.actor.send("geojson.getClusterChildren",{clusterId:t,source:this.id},e),this},r.prototype.getClusterLeaves=function(t,e,r,n){return this.actor.send("geojson.getClusterLeaves",{source:this.id,clusterId:t,limit:e,offset:r},n),this},r.prototype._updateWorkerData=function(e){var r=this;this._loaded=!1;var n=t.extend({},this.workerOptions),i=this._data;"string"==typeof i?(n.request=this.map._requestManager.transformRequest(t.browser.resolveURL(i),t.ResourceType.Source),n.request.collectResourceTiming=this._collectResourceTiming):n.data=JSON.stringify(i),this.actor.send(this.type+".loadData",n,(function(t,i){r._removed||i&&i.abandoned||(r._loaded=!0,i&&i.resourceTiming&&i.resourceTiming[r.id]&&(r._resourceTiming=i.resourceTiming[r.id].slice(0)),r.actor.send(r.type+".coalesce",{source:n.source},null),e(t))}))},r.prototype.loaded=function(){return this._loaded},r.prototype.loadTile=function(e,r){var n=this,i=e.actor?"reloadTile":"loadTile";e.actor=this.actor;var a={type:this.type,uid:e.uid,tileID:e.tileID,zoom:e.tileID.overscaledZ,maxZoom:this.maxzoom,tileSize:this.tileSize,source:this.id,pixelRatio:t.browser.devicePixelRatio,showCollisionBoxes:this.map.showCollisionBoxes,promoteId:this.promoteId};e.request=this.actor.send(i,a,(function(t,a){return delete e.request,e.unloadVectorData(),e.aborted?r(null):t?r(t):(e.loadVectorData(a,n.map.painter,"reloadTile"===i),r(null))}))},r.prototype.abortTile=function(t){t.request&&(t.request.cancel(),delete t.request),t.aborted=!0},r.prototype.unloadTile=function(t){t.unloadVectorData(),this.actor.send("removeTile",{uid:t.uid,type:this.type,source:this.id})},r.prototype.onRemove=function(){this._removed=!0,this.actor.send("removeSource",{type:this.type,source:this.id})},r.prototype.serialize=function(){return t.extend({},this._options,{type:this.type,data:this._data})},r.prototype.hasTransition=function(){return!1},r}(t.Evented),P=t.createLayout([{name:"a_pos",type:"Int16",components:2},{name:"a_texture_pos",type:"Int16",components:2}]),I=function(e){function r(t,r,n,i){e.call(this),this.id=t,this.dispatcher=n,this.coordinates=r.coordinates,this.type="image",this.minzoom=0,this.maxzoom=22,this.tileSize=512,this.tiles={},this._loaded=!1,this.setEventedParent(i),this.options=r}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.load=function(e,r){var n=this;this._loaded=!1,this.fire(new t.Event("dataloading",{dataType:"source"})),this.url=this.options.url,t.getImage(this.map._requestManager.transformRequest(this.url,t.ResourceType.Image),(function(i,a){n._loaded=!0,i?n.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(i)):a&&(n.image=a,e&&(n.coordinates=e),r&&r(),n._finishLoading())}))},r.prototype.loaded=function(){return this._loaded},r.prototype.updateImage=function(t){var e=this;return this.image&&t.url?(this.options.url=t.url,this.load(t.coordinates,(function(){e.texture=null})),this):this},r.prototype._finishLoading=function(){this.map&&(this.setCoordinates(this.coordinates),this.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"source",sourceDataType:"metadata"})))},r.prototype.onAdd=function(t){this.map=t,this.load()},r.prototype.setCoordinates=function(e){var r=this;this.coordinates=e;var n=e.map(t.MercatorCoordinate.fromLngLat);this.tileID=function(e){for(var r=1/0,n=1/0,i=-1/0,a=-1/0,o=0,s=e;o<s.length;o+=1){var l=s[o];r=Math.min(r,l.x),n=Math.min(n,l.y),i=Math.max(i,l.x),a=Math.max(a,l.y)}var c=i-r,u=a-n,f=Math.max(c,u),h=Math.max(0,Math.floor(-Math.log(f)/Math.LN2)),p=Math.pow(2,h);return new t.CanonicalTileID(h,Math.floor((r+i)/2*p),Math.floor((n+a)/2*p))}(n),this.minzoom=this.maxzoom=this.tileID.z;var i=n.map((function(t){return r.tileID.getTilePoint(t)._round()}));return this._boundsArray=new t.StructArrayLayout4i8,this._boundsArray.emplaceBack(i[0].x,i[0].y,0,0),this._boundsArray.emplaceBack(i[1].x,i[1].y,t.EXTENT,0),this._boundsArray.emplaceBack(i[3].x,i[3].y,0,t.EXTENT),this._boundsArray.emplaceBack(i[2].x,i[2].y,t.EXTENT,t.EXTENT),this.boundsBuffer&&(this.boundsBuffer.destroy(),delete this.boundsBuffer),this.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"source",sourceDataType:"content"})),this},r.prototype.prepare=function(){if(0!==Object.keys(this.tiles).length&&this.image){var e=this.map.painter.context,r=e.gl;for(var n in this.boundsBuffer||(this.boundsBuffer=e.createVertexBuffer(this._boundsArray,P.members)),this.boundsSegments||(this.boundsSegments=t.SegmentVector.simpleSegment(0,0,4,2)),this.texture||(this.texture=new t.Texture(e,this.image,r.RGBA),this.texture.bind(r.LINEAR,r.CLAMP_TO_EDGE)),this.tiles){var i=this.tiles[n];"loaded"!==i.state&&(i.state="loaded",i.texture=this.texture)}}},r.prototype.loadTile=function(t,e){this.tileID&&this.tileID.equals(t.tileID.canonical)?(this.tiles[String(t.tileID.wrap)]=t,t.buckets={},e(null)):(t.state="errored",e(null))},r.prototype.serialize=function(){return{type:"image",url:this.options.url,coordinates:this.coordinates}},r.prototype.hasTransition=function(){return!1},r}(t.Evented);var O=function(e){function r(t,r,n,i){e.call(this,t,r,n,i),this.roundZoom=!0,this.type="video",this.options=r}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.load=function(){var e=this;this._loaded=!1;var r=this.options;this.urls=[];for(var n=0,i=r.urls;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n];this.urls.push(this.map._requestManager.transformRequest(a,t.ResourceType.Source).url)}t.getVideo(this.urls,(function(r,n){e._loaded=!0,r?e.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(r)):n&&(e.video=n,e.video.loop=!0,e.video.addEventListener("playing",(function(){e.map.triggerRepaint()})),e.map&&e.video.play(),e._finishLoading())}))},r.prototype.pause=function(){this.video&&this.video.pause()},r.prototype.play=function(){this.video&&this.video.play()},r.prototype.seek=function(e){if(this.video){var r=this.video.seekable;e<r.start(0)||e>r.end(0)?this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new t.ValidationError("sources."+this.id,null,"Playback for this video can be set only between the "+r.start(0)+" and "+r.end(0)+"-second mark."))):this.video.currentTime=e}},r.prototype.getVideo=function(){return this.video},r.prototype.onAdd=function(t){this.map||(this.map=t,this.load(),this.video&&(this.video.play(),this.setCoordinates(this.coordinates)))},r.prototype.prepare=function(){if(!(0===Object.keys(this.tiles).length||this.video.readyState<2)){var e=this.map.painter.context,r=e.gl;for(var n in this.boundsBuffer||(this.boundsBuffer=e.createVertexBuffer(this._boundsArray,P.members)),this.boundsSegments||(this.boundsSegments=t.SegmentVector.simpleSegment(0,0,4,2)),this.texture?this.video.paused||(this.texture.bind(r.LINEAR,r.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),r.texSubImage2D(r.TEXTURE_2D,0,0,0,r.RGBA,r.UNSIGNED_BYTE,this.video)):(this.texture=new t.Texture(e,this.video,r.RGBA),this.texture.bind(r.LINEAR,r.CLAMP_TO_EDGE)),this.tiles){var i=this.tiles[n];"loaded"!==i.state&&(i.state="loaded",i.texture=this.texture)}}},r.prototype.serialize=function(){return{type:"video",urls:this.urls,coordinates:this.coordinates}},r.prototype.hasTransition=function(){return this.video&&!this.video.paused},r}(I),z=function(e){function r(r,n,i,a){e.call(this,r,n,i,a),n.coordinates?Array.isArray(n.coordinates)&&4===n.coordinates.length&&!n.coordinates.some((function(t){return!Array.isArray(t)||2!==t.length||t.some((function(t){return"number"!=typeof t}))}))||this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new t.ValidationError("sources."+r,null,'"coordinates" property must be an array of 4 longitude/latitude array pairs'))):this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new t.ValidationError("sources."+r,null,'missing required property "coordinates"'))),n.animate&&"boolean"!=typeof n.animate&&this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new t.ValidationError("sources."+r,null,'optional "animate" property must be a boolean value'))),n.canvas?"string"==typeof n.canvas||n.canvas instanceof t.window.HTMLCanvasElement||this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new t.ValidationError("sources."+r,null,'"canvas" must be either a string representing the ID of the canvas element from which to read, or an HTMLCanvasElement instance'))):this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new t.ValidationError("sources."+r,null,'missing required property "canvas"'))),this.options=n,this.animate=void 0===n.animate||n.animate}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.load=function(){this._loaded=!0,this.canvas||(this.canvas=this.options.canvas instanceof t.window.HTMLCanvasElement?this.options.canvas:t.window.document.getElementById(this.options.canvas)),this.width=this.canvas.width,this.height=this.canvas.height,this._hasInvalidDimensions()?this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("Canvas dimensions cannot be less than or equal to zero."))):(this.play=function(){this._playing=!0,this.map.triggerRepaint()},this.pause=function(){this._playing&&(this.prepare(),this._playing=!1)},this._finishLoading())},r.prototype.getCanvas=function(){return this.canvas},r.prototype.onAdd=function(t){this.map=t,this.load(),this.canvas&&this.animate&&this.play()},r.prototype.onRemove=function(){this.pause()},r.prototype.prepare=function(){var e=!1;if(this.canvas.width!==this.width&&(this.width=this.canvas.width,e=!0),this.canvas.height!==this.height&&(this.height=this.canvas.height,e=!0),!this._hasInvalidDimensions()&&0!==Object.keys(this.tiles).length){var r=this.map.painter.context,n=r.gl;for(var i in this.boundsBuffer||(this.boundsBuffer=r.createVertexBuffer(this._boundsArray,P.members)),this.boundsSegments||(this.boundsSegments=t.SegmentVector.simpleSegment(0,0,4,2)),this.texture?(e||this._playing)&&this.texture.update(this.canvas,{premultiply:!0}):this.texture=new t.Texture(r,this.canvas,n.RGBA,{premultiply:!0}),this.tiles){var a=this.tiles[i];"loaded"!==a.state&&(a.state="loaded",a.texture=this.texture)}}},r.prototype.serialize=function(){return{type:"canvas",coordinates:this.coordinates}},r.prototype.hasTransition=function(){return this._playing},r.prototype._hasInvalidDimensions=function(){for(var t=0,e=[this.canvas.width,this.canvas.height];t<e.length;t+=1){var r=e[t];if(isNaN(r)||r<=0)return!0}return!1},r}(I),D={vector:S,raster:E,"raster-dem":L,geojson:C,video:O,image:I,canvas:z};function R(e,r){var n=t.identity([]);return t.translate(n,n,[1,1,0]),t.scale(n,n,[.5*e.width,.5*e.height,1]),t.multiply(n,n,e.calculatePosMatrix(r.toUnwrapped()))}function F(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=function(t,e,r){if(t)for(var n=0,i=t;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=e[i[n]];if(a&&a.source===r&&"fill-extrusion"===a.type)return!0}else for(var o in e){var s=e[o];if(s.source===r&&"fill-extrusion"===s.type)return!0}return!1}(i&&i.layers,e,t.id),s=a.maxPitchScaleFactor(),l=t.tilesIn(n,s,o);l.sort(B);for(var c=[],u=0,f=l;u<f.length;u+=1){var h=f[u];c.push({wrappedTileID:h.tileID.wrapped().key,queryResults:h.tile.queryRenderedFeatures(e,r,t._state,h.queryGeometry,h.cameraQueryGeometry,h.scale,i,a,s,R(t.transform,h.tileID))})}var p=function(t){for(var e={},r={},n=0,i=t;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n],o=a.queryResults,s=a.wrappedTileID,l=r[s]=r[s]||{};for(var c in o)for(var u=o[c],f=l[c]=l[c]||{},h=e[c]=e[c]||[],p=0,d=u;p<d.length;p+=1){var m=d[p];f[m.featureIndex]||(f[m.featureIndex]=!0,h.push(m))}}return e}(c);for(var d in p)p[d].forEach((function(e){var r=e.feature,n=t.getFeatureState(r.layer["source-layer"],r.id);r.source=r.layer.source,r.layer["source-layer"]&&(r.sourceLayer=r.layer["source-layer"]),r.state=n}));return p}function B(t,e){var r=t.tileID,n=e.tileID;return r.overscaledZ-n.overscaledZ||r.canonical.y-n.canonical.y||r.wrap-n.wrap||r.canonical.x-n.canonical.x}var N=function(t,e){this.max=t,this.onRemove=e,this.reset()};N.prototype.reset=function(){for(var t in this.data)for(var e=0,r=this.data[t];e<r.length;e+=1){var n=r[e];n.timeout&&clearTimeout(n.timeout),this.onRemove(n.value)}return this.data={},this.order=[],this},N.prototype.add=function(t,e,r){var n=this,i=t.wrapped().key;void 0===this.data[i]&&(this.data[i]=[]);var a={value:e,timeout:void 0};if(void 0!==r&&(a.timeout=setTimeout((function(){n.remove(t,a)}),r)),this.data[i].push(a),this.order.push(i),this.order.length>this.max){var o=this._getAndRemoveByKey(this.order[0]);o&&this.onRemove(o)}return this},N.prototype.has=function(t){return t.wrapped().key in this.data},N.prototype.getAndRemove=function(t){return this.has(t)?this._getAndRemoveByKey(t.wrapped().key):null},N.prototype._getAndRemoveByKey=function(t){var e=this.data[t].shift();return e.timeout&&clearTimeout(e.timeout),0===this.data[t].length&&delete this.data[t],this.order.splice(this.order.indexOf(t),1),e.value},N.prototype.getByKey=function(t){var e=this.data[t];return e?e[0].value:null},N.prototype.get=function(t){return this.has(t)?this.data[t.wrapped().key][0].value:null},N.prototype.remove=function(t,e){if(!this.has(t))return this;var r=t.wrapped().key,n=void 0===e?0:this.data[r].indexOf(e),i=this.data[r][n];return this.data[r].splice(n,1),i.timeout&&clearTimeout(i.timeout),0===this.data[r].length&&delete this.data[r],this.onRemove(i.value),this.order.splice(this.order.indexOf(r),1),this},N.prototype.setMaxSize=function(t){for(this.max=t;this.order.length>this.max;){var e=this._getAndRemoveByKey(this.order[0]);e&&this.onRemove(e)}return this},N.prototype.filter=function(t){var e=[];for(var r in this.data)for(var n=0,i=this.data[r];n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n];t(a.value)||e.push(a)}for(var o=0,s=e;o<s.length;o+=1){var l=s[o];this.remove(l.value.tileID,l)}};var j=function(t,e,r){this.context=t;var n=t.gl;this.buffer=n.createBuffer(),this.dynamicDraw=Boolean(r),this.context.unbindVAO(),t.bindElementBuffer.set(this.buffer),n.bufferData(n.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER,e.arrayBuffer,this.dynamicDraw?n.DYNAMIC_DRAW:n.STATIC_DRAW),this.dynamicDraw||delete e.arrayBuffer};j.prototype.bind=function(){this.context.bindElementBuffer.set(this.buffer)},j.prototype.updateData=function(t){var e=this.context.gl;this.context.unbindVAO(),this.bind(),e.bufferSubData(e.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER,0,t.arrayBuffer)},j.prototype.destroy=function(){var t=this.context.gl;this.buffer&&(t.deleteBuffer(this.buffer),delete this.buffer)};var U={Int8:"BYTE",Uint8:"UNSIGNED_BYTE",Int16:"SHORT",Uint16:"UNSIGNED_SHORT",Int32:"INT",Uint32:"UNSIGNED_INT",Float32:"FLOAT"},V=function(t,e,r,n){this.length=e.length,this.attributes=r,this.itemSize=e.bytesPerElement,this.dynamicDraw=n,this.context=t;var i=t.gl;this.buffer=i.createBuffer(),t.bindVertexBuffer.set(this.buffer),i.bufferData(i.ARRAY_BUFFER,e.arrayBuffer,this.dynamicDraw?i.DYNAMIC_DRAW:i.STATIC_DRAW),this.dynamicDraw||delete e.arrayBuffer};V.prototype.bind=function(){this.context.bindVertexBuffer.set(this.buffer)},V.prototype.updateData=function(t){var e=this.context.gl;this.bind(),e.bufferSubData(e.ARRAY_BUFFER,0,t.arrayBuffer)},V.prototype.enableAttributes=function(t,e){for(var r=0;r<this.attributes.length;r++){var n=this.attributes[r],i=e.attributes[n.name];void 0!==i&&t.enableVertexAttribArray(i)}},V.prototype.setVertexAttribPointers=function(t,e,r){for(var n=0;n<this.attributes.length;n++){var i=this.attributes[n],a=e.attributes[i.name];void 0!==a&&t.vertexAttribPointer(a,i.components,t[U[i.type]],!1,this.itemSize,i.offset+this.itemSize*(r||0))}},V.prototype.destroy=function(){var t=this.context.gl;this.buffer&&(t.deleteBuffer(this.buffer),delete this.buffer)};var H=function(t){this.gl=t.gl,this.default=this.getDefault(),this.current=this.default,this.dirty=!1};H.prototype.get=function(){return this.current},H.prototype.set=function(t){},H.prototype.getDefault=function(){return this.default},H.prototype.setDefault=function(){this.set(this.default)};var q=function(e){function r(){e.apply(this,arguments)}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.getDefault=function(){return t.Color.transparent},r.prototype.set=function(t){var e=this.current;(t.r!==e.r||t.g!==e.g||t.b!==e.b||t.a!==e.a||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.clearColor(t.r,t.g,t.b,t.a),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},r}(H),G=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return 1},e.prototype.set=function(t){(t!==this.current||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.clearDepth(t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),Y=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return 0},e.prototype.set=function(t){(t!==this.current||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.clearStencil(t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),W=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return[!0,!0,!0,!0]},e.prototype.set=function(t){var e=this.current;(t[0]!==e[0]||t[1]!==e[1]||t[2]!==e[2]||t[3]!==e[3]||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.colorMask(t[0],t[1],t[2],t[3]),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),Z=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return!0},e.prototype.set=function(t){(t!==this.current||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.depthMask(t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),X=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return 255},e.prototype.set=function(t){(t!==this.current||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.stencilMask(t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),J=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return{func:this.gl.ALWAYS,ref:0,mask:255}},e.prototype.set=function(t){var e=this.current;(t.func!==e.func||t.ref!==e.ref||t.mask!==e.mask||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.stencilFunc(t.func,t.ref,t.mask),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),K=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){var t=this.gl;return[t.KEEP,t.KEEP,t.KEEP]},e.prototype.set=function(t){var e=this.current;(t[0]!==e[0]||t[1]!==e[1]||t[2]!==e[2]||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.stencilOp(t[0],t[1],t[2]),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),Q=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return!1},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){var e=this.gl;t?e.enable(e.STENCIL_TEST):e.disable(e.STENCIL_TEST),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(H),$=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return[0,1]},e.prototype.set=function(t){var e=this.current;(t[0]!==e[0]||t[1]!==e[1]||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.depthRange(t[0],t[1]),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),tt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return!1},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){var 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t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return!1},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){var e=this.gl;t?e.enable(e.CULL_FACE):e.disable(e.CULL_FACE),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(H),st=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return this.gl.BACK},e.prototype.set=function(t){(t!==this.current||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.cullFace(t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),lt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return this.gl.CCW},e.prototype.set=function(t){(t!==this.current||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.frontFace(t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),ct=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return null},e.prototype.set=function(t){(t!==this.current||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.useProgram(t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),ut=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return this.gl.TEXTURE0},e.prototype.set=function(t){(t!==this.current||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.activeTexture(t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),ft=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){var t=this.gl;return[0,0,t.drawingBufferWidth,t.drawingBufferHeight]},e.prototype.set=function(t){var e=this.current;(t[0]!==e[0]||t[1]!==e[1]||t[2]!==e[2]||t[3]!==e[3]||this.dirty)&&(this.gl.viewport(t[0],t[1],t[2],t[3]),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),ht=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return null},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){var e=this.gl;e.bindFramebuffer(e.FRAMEBUFFER,t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(H),pt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return null},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){var e=this.gl;e.bindRenderbuffer(e.RENDERBUFFER,t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(H),dt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return null},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){var e=this.gl;e.bindTexture(e.TEXTURE_2D,t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(H),mt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return null},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){var e=this.gl;e.bindBuffer(e.ARRAY_BUFFER,t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(H),gt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return null},e.prototype.set=function(t){var e=this.gl;e.bindBuffer(e.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER,t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1},e}(H),vt=function(t){function e(e){t.call(this,e),this.vao=e.extVertexArrayObject}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return null},e.prototype.set=function(t){this.vao&&(t!==this.current||this.dirty)&&(this.vao.bindVertexArrayOES(t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1)},e}(H),yt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return 4},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){var e=this.gl;e.pixelStorei(e.UNPACK_ALIGNMENT,t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(H),xt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return!1},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){var e=this.gl;e.pixelStorei(e.UNPACK_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA_WEBGL,t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(H),bt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return!1},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){var e=this.gl;e.pixelStorei(e.UNPACK_FLIP_Y_WEBGL,t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(H),_t=function(t){function e(e,r){t.call(this,e),this.context=e,this.parent=r}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.getDefault=function(){return null},e}(H),wt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.setDirty=function(){this.dirty=!0},e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){this.context.bindFramebuffer.set(this.parent);var e=this.gl;e.framebufferTexture2D(e.FRAMEBUFFER,e.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,e.TEXTURE_2D,t,0),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(_t),Tt=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.set=function(t){if(t!==this.current||this.dirty){this.context.bindFramebuffer.set(this.parent);var e=this.gl;e.framebufferRenderbuffer(e.FRAMEBUFFER,e.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT,e.RENDERBUFFER,t),this.current=t,this.dirty=!1}},e}(_t),kt=function(t,e,r,n){this.context=t,this.width=e,this.height=r;var i=t.gl,a=this.framebuffer=i.createFramebuffer();this.colorAttachment=new wt(t,a),n&&(this.depthAttachment=new Tt(t,a))};kt.prototype.destroy=function(){var t=this.context.gl,e=this.colorAttachment.get();if(e&&t.deleteTexture(e),this.depthAttachment){var r=this.depthAttachment.get();r&&t.deleteRenderbuffer(r)}t.deleteFramebuffer(this.framebuffer)};var At=function(t,e,r){this.func=t,this.mask=e,this.range=r};At.ReadOnly=!1,At.ReadWrite=!0,At.disabled=new At(519,At.ReadOnly,[0,1]);var Mt=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){this.test=t,this.ref=e,this.mask=r,this.fail=n,this.depthFail=i,this.pass=a};Mt.disabled=new Mt({func:519,mask:0},0,0,7680,7680,7680);var St=function(t,e,r){this.blendFunction=t,this.blendColor=e,this.mask=r};St.disabled=new St(St.Replace=[1,0],t.Color.transparent,[!1,!1,!1,!1]),St.unblended=new St(St.Replace,t.Color.transparent,[!0,!0,!0,!0]),St.alphaBlended=new St([1,771],t.Color.transparent,[!0,!0,!0,!0]);var Et=function(t,e,r){this.enable=t,this.mode=e,this.frontFace=r};Et.disabled=new Et(!1,1029,2305),Et.backCCW=new Et(!0,1029,2305);var Lt=function(t){this.gl=t,this.extVertexArrayObject=this.gl.getExtension("OES_vertex_array_object"),this.clearColor=new q(this),this.clearDepth=new G(this),this.clearStencil=new Y(this),this.colorMask=new W(this),this.depthMask=new Z(this),this.stencilMask=new X(this),this.stencilFunc=new J(this),this.stencilOp=new K(this),this.stencilTest=new Q(this),this.depthRange=new $(this),this.depthTest=new tt(this),this.depthFunc=new et(this),this.blend=new rt(this),this.blendFunc=new nt(this),this.blendColor=new it(this),this.blendEquation=new at(this),this.cullFace=new ot(this),this.cullFaceSide=new st(this),this.frontFace=new lt(this),this.program=new ct(this),this.activeTexture=new ut(this),this.viewport=new ft(this),this.bindFramebuffer=new ht(this),this.bindRenderbuffer=new pt(this),this.bindTexture=new dt(this),this.bindVertexBuffer=new mt(this),this.bindElementBuffer=new gt(this),this.bindVertexArrayOES=this.extVertexArrayObject&&new vt(this),this.pixelStoreUnpack=new yt(this),this.pixelStoreUnpackPremultiplyAlpha=new xt(this),this.pixelStoreUnpackFlipY=new bt(this),this.extTextureFilterAnisotropic=t.getExtension("EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic")||t.getExtension("MOZ_EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic")||t.getExtension("WEBKIT_EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic"),this.extTextureFilterAnisotropic&&(this.extTextureFilterAnisotropicMax=t.getParameter(this.extTextureFilterAnisotropic.MAX_TEXTURE_MAX_ANISOTROPY_EXT)),this.extTextureHalfFloat=t.getExtension("OES_texture_half_float"),this.extTextureHalfFloat&&(t.getExtension("OES_texture_half_float_linear"),this.extRenderToTextureHalfFloat=t.getExtension("EXT_color_buffer_half_float")),this.extTimerQuery=t.getExtension("EXT_disjoint_timer_query")};Lt.prototype.setDefault=function(){this.unbindVAO(),this.clearColor.setDefault(),this.clearDepth.setDefault(),this.clearStencil.setDefault(),this.colorMask.setDefault(),this.depthMask.setDefault(),this.stencilMask.setDefault(),this.stencilFunc.setDefault(),this.stencilOp.setDefault(),this.stencilTest.setDefault(),this.depthRange.setDefault(),this.depthTest.setDefault(),this.depthFunc.setDefault(),this.blend.setDefault(),this.blendFunc.setDefault(),this.blendColor.setDefault(),this.blendEquation.setDefault(),this.cullFace.setDefault(),this.cullFaceSide.setDefault(),this.frontFace.setDefault(),this.program.setDefault(),this.activeTexture.setDefault(),this.bindFramebuffer.setDefault(),this.pixelStoreUnpack.setDefault(),this.pixelStoreUnpackPremultiplyAlpha.setDefault(),this.pixelStoreUnpackFlipY.setDefault()},Lt.prototype.setDirty=function(){this.clearColor.dirty=!0,this.clearDepth.dirty=!0,this.clearStencil.dirty=!0,this.colorMask.dirty=!0,this.depthMask.dirty=!0,this.stencilMask.dirty=!0,this.stencilFunc.dirty=!0,this.stencilOp.dirty=!0,this.stencilTest.dirty=!0,this.depthRange.dirty=!0,this.depthTest.dirty=!0,this.depthFunc.dirty=!0,this.blend.dirty=!0,this.blendFunc.dirty=!0,this.blendColor.dirty=!0,this.blendEquation.dirty=!0,this.cullFace.dirty=!0,this.cullFaceSide.dirty=!0,this.frontFace.dirty=!0,this.program.dirty=!0,this.activeTexture.dirty=!0,this.viewport.dirty=!0,this.bindFramebuffer.dirty=!0,this.bindRenderbuffer.dirty=!0,this.bindTexture.dirty=!0,this.bindVertexBuffer.dirty=!0,this.bindElementBuffer.dirty=!0,this.extVertexArrayObject&&(this.bindVertexArrayOES.dirty=!0),this.pixelStoreUnpack.dirty=!0,this.pixelStoreUnpackPremultiplyAlpha.dirty=!0,this.pixelStoreUnpackFlipY.dirty=!0},Lt.prototype.createIndexBuffer=function(t,e){return new j(this,t,e)},Lt.prototype.createVertexBuffer=function(t,e,r){return new V(this,t,e,r)},Lt.prototype.createRenderbuffer=function(t,e,r){var n=this.gl,i=n.createRenderbuffer();return this.bindRenderbuffer.set(i),n.renderbufferStorage(n.RENDERBUFFER,t,e,r),this.bindRenderbuffer.set(null),i},Lt.prototype.createFramebuffer=function(t,e,r){return new kt(this,t,e,r)},Lt.prototype.clear=function(t){var e=t.color,r=t.depth,n=this.gl,i=0;e&&(i|=n.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT,this.clearColor.set(e),this.colorMask.set([!0,!0,!0,!0])),void 0!==r&&(i|=n.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT,this.depthRange.set([0,1]),this.clearDepth.set(r),this.depthMask.set(!0)),n.clear(i)},Lt.prototype.setCullFace=function(t){!1===t.enable?this.cullFace.set(!1):(this.cullFace.set(!0),this.cullFaceSide.set(t.mode),this.frontFace.set(t.frontFace))},Lt.prototype.setDepthMode=function(t){t.func!==this.gl.ALWAYS||t.mask?(this.depthTest.set(!0),this.depthFunc.set(t.func),this.depthMask.set(t.mask),this.depthRange.set(t.range)):this.depthTest.set(!1)},Lt.prototype.setStencilMode=function(t){t.test.func!==this.gl.ALWAYS||t.mask?(this.stencilTest.set(!0),this.stencilMask.set(t.mask),this.stencilOp.set([t.fail,t.depthFail,t.pass]),this.stencilFunc.set({func:t.test.func,ref:t.ref,mask:t.test.mask})):this.stencilTest.set(!1)},Lt.prototype.setColorMode=function(e){t.deepEqual(e.blendFunction,St.Replace)?this.blend.set(!1):(this.blend.set(!0),this.blendFunc.set(e.blendFunction),this.blendColor.set(e.blendColor)),this.colorMask.set(e.mask)},Lt.prototype.unbindVAO=function(){this.extVertexArrayObject&&this.bindVertexArrayOES.set(null)};var Ct=function(e){function r(r,n,i){var a=this;e.call(this),this.id=r,this.dispatcher=i,this.on("data",(function(t){"source"===t.dataType&&"metadata"===t.sourceDataType&&(a._sourceLoaded=!0),a._sourceLoaded&&!a._paused&&"source"===t.dataType&&"content"===t.sourceDataType&&(a.reload(),a.transform&&a.update(a.transform))})),this.on("error",(function(){a._sourceErrored=!0})),this._source=function(e,r,n,i){var a=new D[r.type](e,r,n,i);if(a.id!==e)throw new Error("Expected Source id to be "+e+" instead of "+a.id);return t.bindAll(["load","abort","unload","serialize","prepare"],a),a}(r,n,i,this),this._tiles={},this._cache=new N(0,this._unloadTile.bind(this)),this._timers={},this._cacheTimers={},this._maxTileCacheSize=null,this._loadedParentTiles={},this._coveredTiles={},this._state=new t.SourceFeatureState}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.onAdd=function(t){this.map=t,this._maxTileCacheSize=t?t._maxTileCacheSize:null,this._source&&this._source.onAdd&&this._source.onAdd(t)},r.prototype.onRemove=function(t){this._source&&this._source.onRemove&&this._source.onRemove(t)},r.prototype.loaded=function(){if(this._sourceErrored)return!0;if(!this._sourceLoaded)return!1;if(!this._source.loaded())return!1;for(var t in this._tiles){var e=this._tiles[t];if("loaded"!==e.state&&"errored"!==e.state)return!1}return!0},r.prototype.getSource=function(){return this._source},r.prototype.pause=function(){this._paused=!0},r.prototype.resume=function(){if(this._paused){var t=this._shouldReloadOnResume;this._paused=!1,this._shouldReloadOnResume=!1,t&&this.reload(),this.transform&&this.update(this.transform)}},r.prototype._loadTile=function(t,e){return this._source.loadTile(t,e)},r.prototype._unloadTile=function(t){if(this._source.unloadTile)return this._source.unloadTile(t,(function(){}))},r.prototype._abortTile=function(t){if(this._source.abortTile)return this._source.abortTile(t,(function(){}))},r.prototype.serialize=function(){return this._source.serialize()},r.prototype.prepare=function(t){for(var e in this._source.prepare&&this._source.prepare(),this._state.coalesceChanges(this._tiles,this.map?this.map.painter:null),this._tiles){var r=this._tiles[e];r.upload(t),r.prepare(this.map.style.imageManager)}},r.prototype.getIds=function(){return t.values(this._tiles).map((function(t){return t.tileID})).sort(Pt).map((function(t){return t.key}))},r.prototype.getRenderableIds=function(e){var r=this,n=[];for(var i in this._tiles)this._isIdRenderable(i,e)&&n.push(this._tiles[i]);return e?n.sort((function(e,n){var i=e.tileID,a=n.tileID,o=new t.Point(i.canonical.x,i.canonical.y)._rotate(r.transform.angle),s=new t.Point(a.canonical.x,a.canonical.y)._rotate(r.transform.angle);return i.overscaledZ-a.overscaledZ||s.y-o.y||s.x-o.x})).map((function(t){return t.tileID.key})):n.map((function(t){return t.tileID})).sort(Pt).map((function(t){return t.key}))},r.prototype.hasRenderableParent=function(t){var e=this.findLoadedParent(t,0);return!!e&&this._isIdRenderable(e.tileID.key)},r.prototype._isIdRenderable=function(t,e){return this._tiles[t]&&this._tiles[t].hasData()&&!this._coveredTiles[t]&&(e||!this._tiles[t].holdingForFade())},r.prototype.reload=function(){if(this._paused)this._shouldReloadOnResume=!0;else for(var t in this._cache.reset(),this._tiles)"errored"!==this._tiles[t].state&&this._reloadTile(t,"reloading")},r.prototype._reloadTile=function(t,e){var r=this._tiles[t];r&&("loading"!==r.state&&(r.state=e),this._loadTile(r,this._tileLoaded.bind(this,r,t,e)))},r.prototype._tileLoaded=function(e,r,n,i){if(i)return e.state="errored",void(404!==i.status?this._source.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(i,{tile:e})):this.update(this.transform));e.timeAdded=t.browser.now(),"expired"===n&&(e.refreshedUponExpiration=!0),this._setTileReloadTimer(r,e),"raster-dem"===this.getSource().type&&e.dem&&this._backfillDEM(e),this._state.initializeTileState(e,this.map?this.map.painter:null),this._source.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"source",tile:e,coord:e.tileID}))},r.prototype._backfillDEM=function(t){for(var e=this.getRenderableIds(),r=0;r<e.length;r++){var n=e[r];if(t.neighboringTiles&&t.neighboringTiles[n]){var i=this.getTileByID(n);a(t,i),a(i,t)}}function a(t,e){t.needsHillshadePrepare=!0;var r=e.tileID.canonical.x-t.tileID.canonical.x,n=e.tileID.canonical.y-t.tileID.canonical.y,i=Math.pow(2,t.tileID.canonical.z),a=e.tileID.key;0===r&&0===n||Math.abs(n)>1||(Math.abs(r)>1&&(1===Math.abs(r+i)?r+=i:1===Math.abs(r-i)&&(r-=i)),e.dem&&t.dem&&(t.dem.backfillBorder(e.dem,r,n),t.neighboringTiles&&t.neighboringTiles[a]&&(t.neighboringTiles[a].backfilled=!0)))}},r.prototype.getTile=function(t){return this.getTileByID(t.key)},r.prototype.getTileByID=function(t){return this._tiles[t]},r.prototype._retainLoadedChildren=function(t,e,r,n){for(var i in this._tiles){var a=this._tiles[i];if(!(n[i]||!a.hasData()||a.tileID.overscaledZ<=e||a.tileID.overscaledZ>r)){for(var o=a.tileID;a&&a.tileID.overscaledZ>e+1;){var s=a.tileID.scaledTo(a.tileID.overscaledZ-1);(a=this._tiles[s.key])&&a.hasData()&&(o=s)}for(var l=o;l.overscaledZ>e;)if(t[(l=l.scaledTo(l.overscaledZ-1)).key]){n[o.key]=o;break}}}},r.prototype.findLoadedParent=function(t,e){if(t.key in this._loadedParentTiles){var r=this._loadedParentTiles[t.key];return r&&r.tileID.overscaledZ>=e?r:null}for(var n=t.overscaledZ-1;n>=e;n--){var i=t.scaledTo(n),a=this._getLoadedTile(i);if(a)return a}},r.prototype._getLoadedTile=function(t){var e=this._tiles[t.key];return e&&e.hasData()?e:this._cache.getByKey(t.wrapped().key)},r.prototype.updateCacheSize=function(t){var e=(Math.ceil(t.width/this._source.tileSize)+1)*(Math.ceil(t.height/this._source.tileSize)+1),r=Math.floor(5*e),n="number"==typeof this._maxTileCacheSize?Math.min(this._maxTileCacheSize,r):r;this._cache.setMaxSize(n)},r.prototype.handleWrapJump=function(t){var e=(t-(void 0===this._prevLng?t:this._prevLng))/360,r=Math.round(e);if(this._prevLng=t,r){var n={};for(var i in this._tiles){var a=this._tiles[i];a.tileID=a.tileID.unwrapTo(a.tileID.wrap+r),n[a.tileID.key]=a}for(var o in this._tiles=n,this._timers)clearTimeout(this._timers[o]),delete this._timers[o];for(var s in this._tiles){var l=this._tiles[s];this._setTileReloadTimer(s,l)}}},r.prototype.update=function(e){var n=this;if(this.transform=e,this._sourceLoaded&&!this._paused){var i;this.updateCacheSize(e),this.handleWrapJump(this.transform.center.lng),this._coveredTiles={},this.used?this._source.tileID?i=e.getVisibleUnwrappedCoordinates(this._source.tileID).map((function(e){return new t.OverscaledTileID(e.canonical.z,e.wrap,e.canonical.z,e.canonical.x,e.canonical.y)})):(i=e.coveringTiles({tileSize:this._source.tileSize,minzoom:this._source.minzoom,maxzoom:this._source.maxzoom,roundZoom:this._source.roundZoom,reparseOverscaled:this._source.reparseOverscaled}),this._source.hasTile&&(i=i.filter((function(t){return n._source.hasTile(t)})))):i=[];var a=e.coveringZoomLevel(this._source),o=Math.max(a-r.maxOverzooming,this._source.minzoom),s=Math.max(a+r.maxUnderzooming,this._source.minzoom),l=this._updateRetainedTiles(i,a);if(It(this._source.type)){for(var c={},u={},f=0,h=Object.keys(l);f<h.length;f+=1){var p=h[f],d=l[p],m=this._tiles[p];if(m&&!(m.fadeEndTime&&m.fadeEndTime<=t.browser.now())){var g=this.findLoadedParent(d,o);g&&(this._addTile(g.tileID),c[g.tileID.key]=g.tileID),u[p]=d}}for(var v in this._retainLoadedChildren(u,a,s,l),c)l[v]||(this._coveredTiles[v]=!0,l[v]=c[v])}for(var y in l)this._tiles[y].clearFadeHold();for(var x=0,b=t.keysDifference(this._tiles,l);x<b.length;x+=1){var _=b[x],w=this._tiles[_];w.hasSymbolBuckets&&!w.holdingForFade()?w.setHoldDuration(this.map._fadeDuration):w.hasSymbolBuckets&&!w.symbolFadeFinished()||this._removeTile(_)}this._updateLoadedParentTileCache()}},r.prototype.releaseSymbolFadeTiles=function(){for(var t in this._tiles)this._tiles[t].holdingForFade()&&this._removeTile(t)},r.prototype._updateRetainedTiles=function(t,e){for(var n={},i={},a=Math.max(e-r.maxOverzooming,this._source.minzoom),o=Math.max(e+r.maxUnderzooming,this._source.minzoom),s={},l=0,c=t;l<c.length;l+=1){var u=c[l],f=this._addTile(u);n[u.key]=u,f.hasData()||e<this._source.maxzoom&&(s[u.key]=u)}this._retainLoadedChildren(s,e,o,n);for(var h=0,p=t;h<p.length;h+=1){var d=p[h],m=this._tiles[d.key];if(!m.hasData()){if(e+1>this._source.maxzoom){var g=d.children(this._source.maxzoom)[0],v=this.getTile(g);if(v&&v.hasData()){n[g.key]=g;continue}}else{var y=d.children(this._source.maxzoom);if(n[y[0].key]&&n[y[1].key]&&n[y[2].key]&&n[y[3].key])continue}for(var x=m.wasRequested(),b=d.overscaledZ-1;b>=a;--b){var _=d.scaledTo(b);if(i[_.key])break;if(i[_.key]=!0,!(m=this.getTile(_))&&x&&(m=this._addTile(_)),m&&(n[_.key]=_,x=m.wasRequested(),m.hasData()))break}}}return n},r.prototype._updateLoadedParentTileCache=function(){for(var t in this._loadedParentTiles={},this._tiles){for(var e=[],r=void 0,n=this._tiles[t].tileID;n.overscaledZ>0;){if(n.key in this._loadedParentTiles){r=this._loadedParentTiles[n.key];break}e.push(n.key);var i=n.scaledTo(n.overscaledZ-1);if(r=this._getLoadedTile(i))break;n=i}for(var a=0,o=e;a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a];this._loadedParentTiles[s]=r}}},r.prototype._addTile=function(e){var r=this._tiles[e.key];if(r)return r;(r=this._cache.getAndRemove(e))&&(this._setTileReloadTimer(e.key,r),r.tileID=e,this._state.initializeTileState(r,this.map?this.map.painter:null),this._cacheTimers[e.key]&&(clearTimeout(this._cacheTimers[e.key]),delete this._cacheTimers[e.key],this._setTileReloadTimer(e.key,r)));var n=Boolean(r);return n||(r=new t.Tile(e,this._source.tileSize*e.overscaleFactor()),this._loadTile(r,this._tileLoaded.bind(this,r,e.key,r.state))),r?(r.uses++,this._tiles[e.key]=r,n||this._source.fire(new t.Event("dataloading",{tile:r,coord:r.tileID,dataType:"source"})),r):null},r.prototype._setTileReloadTimer=function(t,e){var r=this;t in this._timers&&(clearTimeout(this._timers[t]),delete this._timers[t]);var n=e.getExpiryTimeout();n&&(this._timers[t]=setTimeout((function(){r._reloadTile(t,"expired"),delete r._timers[t]}),n))},r.prototype._removeTile=function(t){var e=this._tiles[t];e&&(e.uses--,delete this._tiles[t],this._timers[t]&&(clearTimeout(this._timers[t]),delete this._timers[t]),e.uses>0||(e.hasData()&&"reloading"!==e.state?this._cache.add(e.tileID,e,e.getExpiryTimeout()):(e.aborted=!0,this._abortTile(e),this._unloadTile(e))))},r.prototype.clearTiles=function(){for(var t in this._shouldReloadOnResume=!1,this._paused=!1,this._tiles)this._removeTile(t);this._cache.reset()},r.prototype.tilesIn=function(e,r,n){var i=this,a=[],o=this.transform;if(!o)return a;for(var s=n?o.getCameraQueryGeometry(e):e,l=e.map((function(t){return o.pointCoordinate(t)})),c=s.map((function(t){return o.pointCoordinate(t)})),u=this.getIds(),f=1/0,h=1/0,p=-1/0,d=-1/0,m=0,g=c;m<g.length;m+=1){var v=g[m];f=Math.min(f,v.x),h=Math.min(h,v.y),p=Math.max(p,v.x),d=Math.max(d,v.y)}for(var y=function(e){var n=i._tiles[u[e]];if(!n.holdingForFade()){var s=n.tileID,m=Math.pow(2,o.zoom-n.tileID.overscaledZ),g=r*n.queryPadding*t.EXTENT/n.tileSize/m,v=[s.getTilePoint(new t.MercatorCoordinate(f,h)),s.getTilePoint(new t.MercatorCoordinate(p,d))];if(v[0].x-g<t.EXTENT&&v[0].y-g<t.EXTENT&&v[1].x+g>=0&&v[1].y+g>=0){var y=l.map((function(t){return s.getTilePoint(t)})),x=c.map((function(t){return s.getTilePoint(t)}));a.push({tile:n,tileID:s,queryGeometry:y,cameraQueryGeometry:x,scale:m})}}},x=0;x<u.length;x++)y(x);return a},r.prototype.getVisibleCoordinates=function(t){for(var e=this,r=this.getRenderableIds(t).map((function(t){return e._tiles[t].tileID})),n=0,i=r;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n];a.posMatrix=this.transform.calculatePosMatrix(a.toUnwrapped())}return r},r.prototype.hasTransition=function(){if(this._source.hasTransition())return!0;if(It(this._source.type))for(var e in this._tiles){var r=this._tiles[e];if(void 0!==r.fadeEndTime&&r.fadeEndTime>=t.browser.now())return!0}return!1},r.prototype.setFeatureState=function(t,e,r){t=t||"_geojsonTileLayer",this._state.updateState(t,e,r)},r.prototype.removeFeatureState=function(t,e,r){t=t||"_geojsonTileLayer",this._state.removeFeatureState(t,e,r)},r.prototype.getFeatureState=function(t,e){return t=t||"_geojsonTileLayer",this._state.getState(t,e)},r.prototype.setDependencies=function(t,e,r){var n=this._tiles[t];n&&n.setDependencies(e,r)},r.prototype.reloadTilesForDependencies=function(t,e){for(var r in this._tiles){this._tiles[r].hasDependency(t,e)&&this._reloadTile(r,"reloading")}this._cache.filter((function(r){return!r.hasDependency(t,e)}))},r}(t.Evented);function Pt(t,e){var r=Math.abs(2*t.wrap)-+(t.wrap<0),n=Math.abs(2*e.wrap)-+(e.wrap<0);return t.overscaledZ-e.overscaledZ||n-r||e.canonical.y-t.canonical.y||e.canonical.x-t.canonical.x}function It(t){return"raster"===t||"image"===t||"video"===t}function Ot(){return new t.window.Worker(Xi.workerUrl)}Ct.maxOverzooming=10,Ct.maxUnderzooming=3;var zt="mapboxgl_preloaded_worker_pool",Dt=function(){this.active={}};Dt.prototype.acquire=function(t){if(!this.workers)for(this.workers=[];this.workers.length<Dt.workerCount;)this.workers.push(new Ot);return this.active[t]=!0,this.workers.slice()},Dt.prototype.release=function(t){delete this.active[t],0===this.numActive()&&(this.workers.forEach((function(t){t.terminate()})),this.workers=null)},Dt.prototype.isPreloaded=function(){return!!this.active[zt]},Dt.prototype.numActive=function(){return Object.keys(this.active).length};var Rt,Ft=Math.floor(t.browser.hardwareConcurrency/2);function Bt(){return Rt||(Rt=new Dt),Rt}function Nt(e,r){var n={};for(var i in e)"ref"!==i&&(n[i]=e[i]);return t.refProperties.forEach((function(t){t in r&&(n[t]=r[t])})),n}function jt(t){t=t.slice();for(var e=Object.create(null),r=0;r<t.length;r++)e[t[r].id]=t[r];for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++)"ref"in t[n]&&(t[n]=Nt(t[n],e[t[n].ref]));return t}Dt.workerCount=Math.max(Math.min(Ft,6),1);var Ut={setStyle:"setStyle",addLayer:"addLayer",removeLayer:"removeLayer",setPaintProperty:"setPaintProperty",setLayoutProperty:"setLayoutProperty",setFilter:"setFilter",addSource:"addSource",removeSource:"removeSource",setGeoJSONSourceData:"setGeoJSONSourceData",setLayerZoomRange:"setLayerZoomRange",setLayerProperty:"setLayerProperty",setCenter:"setCenter",setZoom:"setZoom",setBearing:"setBearing",setPitch:"setPitch",setSprite:"setSprite",setGlyphs:"setGlyphs",setTransition:"setTransition",setLight:"setLight"};function Vt(t,e,r){r.push({command:Ut.addSource,args:[t,e[t]]})}function Ht(t,e,r){e.push({command:Ut.removeSource,args:[t]}),r[t]=!0}function qt(t,e,r,n){Ht(t,r,n),Vt(t,e,r)}function Gt(e,r,n){var i;for(i in e[n])if(e[n].hasOwnProperty(i)&&"data"!==i&&!t.deepEqual(e[n][i],r[n][i]))return!1;for(i in r[n])if(r[n].hasOwnProperty(i)&&"data"!==i&&!t.deepEqual(e[n][i],r[n][i]))return!1;return!0}function Yt(e,r,n,i,a,o){var s;for(s in r=r||{},e=e||{})e.hasOwnProperty(s)&&(t.deepEqual(e[s],r[s])||n.push({command:o,args:[i,s,r[s],a]}));for(s in r)r.hasOwnProperty(s)&&!e.hasOwnProperty(s)&&(t.deepEqual(e[s],r[s])||n.push({command:o,args:[i,s,r[s],a]}))}function Wt(t){return t.id}function Zt(t,e){return t[e.id]=e,t}function Xt(e,r){if(!e)return[{command:Ut.setStyle,args:[r]}];var n=[];try{if(!t.deepEqual(e.version,r.version))return[{command:Ut.setStyle,args:[r]}];t.deepEqual(e.center,r.center)||n.push({command:Ut.setCenter,args:[r.center]}),t.deepEqual(e.zoom,r.zoom)||n.push({command:Ut.setZoom,args:[r.zoom]}),t.deepEqual(e.bearing,r.bearing)||n.push({command:Ut.setBearing,args:[r.bearing]}),t.deepEqual(e.pitch,r.pitch)||n.push({command:Ut.setPitch,args:[r.pitch]}),t.deepEqual(e.sprite,r.sprite)||n.push({command:Ut.setSprite,args:[r.sprite]}),t.deepEqual(e.glyphs,r.glyphs)||n.push({command:Ut.setGlyphs,args:[r.glyphs]}),t.deepEqual(e.transition,r.transition)||n.push({command:Ut.setTransition,args:[r.transition]}),t.deepEqual(e.light,r.light)||n.push({command:Ut.setLight,args:[r.light]});var i={},a=[];!function(e,r,n,i){var a;for(a in r=r||{},e=e||{})e.hasOwnProperty(a)&&(r.hasOwnProperty(a)||Ht(a,n,i));for(a in r)r.hasOwnProperty(a)&&(e.hasOwnProperty(a)?t.deepEqual(e[a],r[a])||("geojson"===e[a].type&&"geojson"===r[a].type&&Gt(e,r,a)?n.push({command:Ut.setGeoJSONSourceData,args:[a,r[a].data]}):qt(a,r,n,i)):Vt(a,r,n))}(e.sources,r.sources,a,i);var o=[];e.layers&&e.layers.forEach((function(t){i[t.source]?n.push({command:Ut.removeLayer,args:[t.id]}):o.push(t)})),n=n.concat(a),function(e,r,n){r=r||[];var i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f=(e=e||[]).map(Wt),h=r.map(Wt),p=e.reduce(Zt,{}),d=r.reduce(Zt,{}),m=f.slice(),g=Object.create(null);for(i=0,a=0;i<f.length;i++)o=f[i],d.hasOwnProperty(o)?a++:(n.push({command:Ut.removeLayer,args:[o]}),m.splice(m.indexOf(o,a),1));for(i=0,a=0;i<h.length;i++)o=h[h.length-1-i],m[m.length-1-i]!==o&&(p.hasOwnProperty(o)?(n.push({command:Ut.removeLayer,args:[o]}),m.splice(m.lastIndexOf(o,m.length-a),1)):a++,c=m[m.length-i],n.push({command:Ut.addLayer,args:[d[o],c]}),m.splice(m.length-i,0,o),g[o]=!0);for(i=0;i<h.length;i++)if(s=p[o=h[i]],l=d[o],!g[o]&&!t.deepEqual(s,l))if(t.deepEqual(s.source,l.source)&&t.deepEqual(s["source-layer"],l["source-layer"])&&t.deepEqual(s.type,l.type)){for(u in Yt(s.layout,l.layout,n,o,null,Ut.setLayoutProperty),Yt(s.paint,l.paint,n,o,null,Ut.setPaintProperty),t.deepEqual(s.filter,l.filter)||n.push({command:Ut.setFilter,args:[o,l.filter]}),t.deepEqual(s.minzoom,l.minzoom)&&t.deepEqual(s.maxzoom,l.maxzoom)||n.push({command:Ut.setLayerZoomRange,args:[o,l.minzoom,l.maxzoom]}),s)s.hasOwnProperty(u)&&"layout"!==u&&"paint"!==u&&"filter"!==u&&"metadata"!==u&&"minzoom"!==u&&"maxzoom"!==u&&(0===u.indexOf("paint.")?Yt(s[u],l[u],n,o,u.slice(6),Ut.setPaintProperty):t.deepEqual(s[u],l[u])||n.push({command:Ut.setLayerProperty,args:[o,u,l[u]]}));for(u in l)l.hasOwnProperty(u)&&!s.hasOwnProperty(u)&&"layout"!==u&&"paint"!==u&&"filter"!==u&&"metadata"!==u&&"minzoom"!==u&&"maxzoom"!==u&&(0===u.indexOf("paint.")?Yt(s[u],l[u],n,o,u.slice(6),Ut.setPaintProperty):t.deepEqual(s[u],l[u])||n.push({command:Ut.setLayerProperty,args:[o,u,l[u]]}))}else n.push({command:Ut.removeLayer,args:[o]}),c=m[m.lastIndexOf(o)+1],n.push({command:Ut.addLayer,args:[l,c]})}(o,r.layers,n)}catch(t){console.warn("Unable to compute style diff:",t),n=[{command:Ut.setStyle,args:[r]}]}return n}var Jt=function(t,e){this.reset(t,e)};Jt.prototype.reset=function(t,e){this.points=t||[],this._distances=[0];for(var r=1;r<this.points.length;r++)this._distances[r]=this._distances[r-1]+this.points[r].dist(this.points[r-1]);this.length=this._distances[this._distances.length-1],this.padding=Math.min(e||0,.5*this.length),this.paddedLength=this.length-2*this.padding},Jt.prototype.lerp=function(e){if(1===this.points.length)return this.points[0];e=t.clamp(e,0,1);for(var r=1,n=this._distances[r],i=e*this.paddedLength+this.padding;n<i&&r<this._distances.length;)n=this._distances[++r];var a=r-1,o=this._distances[a],s=n-o,l=s>0?(i-o)/s:0;return this.points[a].mult(1-l).add(this.points[r].mult(l))};var Kt=function(t,e,r){var n=this.boxCells=[],i=this.circleCells=[];this.xCellCount=Math.ceil(t/r),this.yCellCount=Math.ceil(e/r);for(var a=0;a<this.xCellCount*this.yCellCount;a++)n.push([]),i.push([]);this.circleKeys=[],this.boxKeys=[],this.bboxes=[],this.circles=[],this.width=t,this.height=e,this.xScale=this.xCellCount/t,this.yScale=this.yCellCount/e,this.boxUid=0,this.circleUid=0};function Qt(e,r,n,i,a){var o=t.create();return r?(t.scale(o,o,[1/a,1/a,1]),n||t.rotateZ(o,o,i.angle)):t.multiply(o,i.labelPlaneMatrix,e),o}function $t(e,r,n,i,a){if(r){var o=t.clone(e);return t.scale(o,o,[a,a,1]),n||t.rotateZ(o,o,-i.angle),o}return i.glCoordMatrix}function te(e,r){var n=[e.x,e.y,0,1];fe(n,n,r);var i=n[3];return{point:new t.Point(n[0]/i,n[1]/i),signedDistanceFromCamera:i}}function ee(t,e){return.5+t/e*.5}function re(t,e){var r=t[0]/t[3],n=t[1]/t[3];return r>=-e[0]&&r<=e[0]&&n>=-e[1]&&n<=e[1]}function ne(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l){var c=i?e.textSizeData:e.iconSizeData,u=t.evaluateSizeForZoom(c,n.transform.zoom),f=[256/n.width*2+1,256/n.height*2+1],h=i?e.text.dynamicLayoutVertexArray:e.icon.dynamicLayoutVertexArray;h.clear();for(var p=e.lineVertexArray,d=i?e.text.placedSymbolArray:e.icon.placedSymbolArray,m=n.transform.width/n.transform.height,g=!1,v=0;v<d.length;v++){var y=d.get(v);if(y.hidden||y.writingMode===t.WritingMode.vertical&&!g)ue(y.numGlyphs,h);else{g=!1;var x=[y.anchorX,y.anchorY,0,1];if(t.transformMat4(x,x,r),re(x,f)){var b=x[3],_=ee(n.transform.cameraToCenterDistance,b),w=t.evaluateSizeForFeature(c,u,y),T=s?w/_:w*_,k=new t.Point(y.anchorX,y.anchorY),A=te(k,a).point,M={},S=oe(y,T,!1,l,r,a,o,e.glyphOffsetArray,p,h,A,k,M,m);g=S.useVertical,(S.notEnoughRoom||g||S.needsFlipping&&oe(y,T,!0,l,r,a,o,e.glyphOffsetArray,p,h,A,k,M,m).notEnoughRoom)&&ue(y.numGlyphs,h)}else ue(y.numGlyphs,h)}}i?e.text.dynamicLayoutVertexBuffer.updateData(h):e.icon.dynamicLayoutVertexBuffer.updateData(h)}function ie(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u){var f=s.glyphStartIndex+s.numGlyphs,h=s.lineStartIndex,p=s.lineStartIndex+s.lineLength,d=e.getoffsetX(s.glyphStartIndex),m=e.getoffsetX(f-1),g=le(t*d,r,n,i,a,o,s.segment,h,p,l,c,u);if(!g)return null;var v=le(t*m,r,n,i,a,o,s.segment,h,p,l,c,u);return v?{first:g,last:v}:null}function ae(e,r,n,i){if(e===t.WritingMode.horizontal&&Math.abs(n.y-r.y)>Math.abs(n.x-r.x)*i)return{useVertical:!0};return(e===t.WritingMode.vertical?r.y<n.y:r.x>n.x)?{needsFlipping:!0}:null}function oe(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d){var m,g=r/24,v=e.lineOffsetX*g,y=e.lineOffsetY*g;if(e.numGlyphs>1){var x=e.glyphStartIndex+e.numGlyphs,b=e.lineStartIndex,_=e.lineStartIndex+e.lineLength,w=ie(g,l,v,y,n,f,h,e,c,o,p);if(!w)return{notEnoughRoom:!0};var T=te(w.first.point,s).point,k=te(w.last.point,s).point;if(i&&!n){var A=ae(e.writingMode,T,k,d);if(A)return A}m=[w.first];for(var M=e.glyphStartIndex+1;M<x-1;M++)m.push(le(g*l.getoffsetX(M),v,y,n,f,h,e.segment,b,_,c,o,p));m.push(w.last)}else{if(i&&!n){var S=te(h,a).point,E=e.lineStartIndex+e.segment+1,L=new t.Point(c.getx(E),c.gety(E)),C=te(L,a),P=C.signedDistanceFromCamera>0?C.point:se(h,L,S,1,a),I=ae(e.writingMode,S,P,d);if(I)return I}var O=le(g*l.getoffsetX(e.glyphStartIndex),v,y,n,f,h,e.segment,e.lineStartIndex,e.lineStartIndex+e.lineLength,c,o,p);if(!O)return{notEnoughRoom:!0};m=[O]}for(var z=0,D=m;z<D.length;z+=1){var R=D[z];t.addDynamicAttributes(u,R.point,R.angle)}return{}}function se(t,e,r,n,i){var a=te(t.add(t.sub(e)._unit()),i).point,o=r.sub(a);return r.add(o._mult(n/o.mag()))}function le(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h){var p=i?e-r:e+r,d=p>0?1:-1,m=0;i&&(d*=-1,m=Math.PI),d<0&&(m+=Math.PI);for(var g=d>0?l+s:l+s+1,v=a,y=a,x=0,b=0,_=Math.abs(p),w=[];x+b<=_;){if((g+=d)<l||g>=c)return null;if(y=v,w.push(v),void 0===(v=h[g])){var T=new t.Point(u.getx(g),u.gety(g)),k=te(T,f);if(k.signedDistanceFromCamera>0)v=h[g]=k.point;else{var A=g-d;v=se(0===x?o:new t.Point(u.getx(A),u.gety(A)),T,y,_-x+1,f)}}x+=b,b=y.dist(v)}var M=(_-x)/b,S=v.sub(y),E=S.mult(M)._add(y);E._add(S._unit()._perp()._mult(n*d));var L=m+Math.atan2(v.y-y.y,v.x-y.x);return w.push(E),{point:E,angle:L,path:w}}Kt.prototype.keysLength=function(){return this.boxKeys.length+this.circleKeys.length},Kt.prototype.insert=function(t,e,r,n,i){this._forEachCell(e,r,n,i,this._insertBoxCell,this.boxUid++),this.boxKeys.push(t),this.bboxes.push(e),this.bboxes.push(r),this.bboxes.push(n),this.bboxes.push(i)},Kt.prototype.insertCircle=function(t,e,r,n){this._forEachCell(e-n,r-n,e+n,r+n,this._insertCircleCell,this.circleUid++),this.circleKeys.push(t),this.circles.push(e),this.circles.push(r),this.circles.push(n)},Kt.prototype._insertBoxCell=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){this.boxCells[i].push(a)},Kt.prototype._insertCircleCell=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){this.circleCells[i].push(a)},Kt.prototype._query=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){if(r<0||t>this.width||n<0||e>this.height)return!i&&[];var o=[];if(t<=0&&e<=0&&this.width<=r&&this.height<=n){if(i)return!0;for(var s=0;s<this.boxKeys.length;s++)o.push({key:this.boxKeys[s],x1:this.bboxes[4*s],y1:this.bboxes[4*s+1],x2:this.bboxes[4*s+2],y2:this.bboxes[4*s+3]});for(var l=0;l<this.circleKeys.length;l++){var c=this.circles[3*l],u=this.circles[3*l+1],f=this.circles[3*l+2];o.push({key:this.circleKeys[l],x1:c-f,y1:u-f,x2:c+f,y2:u+f})}return a?o.filter(a):o}var h={hitTest:i,seenUids:{box:{},circle:{}}};return this._forEachCell(t,e,r,n,this._queryCell,o,h,a),i?o.length>0:o},Kt.prototype._queryCircle=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=t-r,o=t+r,s=e-r,l=e+r;if(o<0||a>this.width||l<0||s>this.height)return!n&&[];var c=[],u={hitTest:n,circle:{x:t,y:e,radius:r},seenUids:{box:{},circle:{}}};return this._forEachCell(a,s,o,l,this._queryCellCircle,c,u,i),n?c.length>0:c},Kt.prototype.query=function(t,e,r,n,i){return this._query(t,e,r,n,!1,i)},Kt.prototype.hitTest=function(t,e,r,n,i){return this._query(t,e,r,n,!0,i)},Kt.prototype.hitTestCircle=function(t,e,r,n){return this._queryCircle(t,e,r,!0,n)},Kt.prototype._queryCell=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s){var l=o.seenUids,c=this.boxCells[i];if(null!==c)for(var u=this.bboxes,f=0,h=c;f<h.length;f+=1){var p=h[f];if(!l.box[p]){l.box[p]=!0;var d=4*p;if(t<=u[d+2]&&e<=u[d+3]&&r>=u[d+0]&&n>=u[d+1]&&(!s||s(this.boxKeys[p]))){if(o.hitTest)return a.push(!0),!0;a.push({key:this.boxKeys[p],x1:u[d],y1:u[d+1],x2:u[d+2],y2:u[d+3]})}}}var m=this.circleCells[i];if(null!==m)for(var g=this.circles,v=0,y=m;v<y.length;v+=1){var x=y[v];if(!l.circle[x]){l.circle[x]=!0;var b=3*x;if(this._circleAndRectCollide(g[b],g[b+1],g[b+2],t,e,r,n)&&(!s||s(this.circleKeys[x]))){if(o.hitTest)return a.push(!0),!0;var _=g[b],w=g[b+1],T=g[b+2];a.push({key:this.circleKeys[x],x1:_-T,y1:w-T,x2:_+T,y2:w+T})}}}},Kt.prototype._queryCellCircle=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s){var l=o.circle,c=o.seenUids,u=this.boxCells[i];if(null!==u)for(var f=this.bboxes,h=0,p=u;h<p.length;h+=1){var d=p[h];if(!c.box[d]){c.box[d]=!0;var m=4*d;if(this._circleAndRectCollide(l.x,l.y,l.radius,f[m+0],f[m+1],f[m+2],f[m+3])&&(!s||s(this.boxKeys[d])))return a.push(!0),!0}}var g=this.circleCells[i];if(null!==g)for(var v=this.circles,y=0,x=g;y<x.length;y+=1){var b=x[y];if(!c.circle[b]){c.circle[b]=!0;var _=3*b;if(this._circlesCollide(v[_],v[_+1],v[_+2],l.x,l.y,l.radius)&&(!s||s(this.circleKeys[b])))return a.push(!0),!0}}},Kt.prototype._forEachCell=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s){for(var l=this._convertToXCellCoord(t),c=this._convertToYCellCoord(e),u=this._convertToXCellCoord(r),f=this._convertToYCellCoord(n),h=l;h<=u;h++)for(var p=c;p<=f;p++){var d=this.xCellCount*p+h;if(i.call(this,t,e,r,n,d,a,o,s))return}},Kt.prototype._convertToXCellCoord=function(t){return Math.max(0,Math.min(this.xCellCount-1,Math.floor(t*this.xScale)))},Kt.prototype._convertToYCellCoord=function(t){return Math.max(0,Math.min(this.yCellCount-1,Math.floor(t*this.yScale)))},Kt.prototype._circlesCollide=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=n-t,s=i-e,l=r+a;return l*l>o*o+s*s},Kt.prototype._circleAndRectCollide=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=(a-n)/2,l=Math.abs(t-(n+s));if(l>s+r)return!1;var c=(o-i)/2,u=Math.abs(e-(i+c));if(u>c+r)return!1;if(l<=s||u<=c)return!0;var f=l-s,h=u-c;return f*f+h*h<=r*r};var ce=new Float32Array([-1/0,-1/0,0,-1/0,-1/0,0,-1/0,-1/0,0,-1/0,-1/0,0]);function ue(t,e){for(var r=0;r<t;r++){var n=e.length;e.resize(n+4),e.float32.set(ce,3*n)}}function fe(t,e,r){var n=e[0],i=e[1];return t[0]=r[0]*n+r[4]*i+r[12],t[1]=r[1]*n+r[5]*i+r[13],t[3]=r[3]*n+r[7]*i+r[15],t}var he=function(t,e,r){void 0===e&&(e=new Kt(t.width+200,t.height+200,25)),void 0===r&&(r=new Kt(t.width+200,t.height+200,25)),this.transform=t,this.grid=e,this.ignoredGrid=r,this.pitchfactor=Math.cos(t._pitch)*t.cameraToCenterDistance,this.screenRightBoundary=t.width+100,this.screenBottomBoundary=t.height+100,this.gridRightBoundary=t.width+200,this.gridBottomBoundary=t.height+200};function pe(e,r,n){return r*(t.EXTENT/(e.tileSize*Math.pow(2,n-e.tileID.overscaledZ)))}he.prototype.placeCollisionBox=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=this.projectAndGetPerspectiveRatio(n,t.anchorPointX,t.anchorPointY),o=r*a.perspectiveRatio,s=t.x1*o+a.point.x,l=t.y1*o+a.point.y,c=t.x2*o+a.point.x,u=t.y2*o+a.point.y;return!this.isInsideGrid(s,l,c,u)||!e&&this.grid.hitTest(s,l,c,u,i)?{box:[],offscreen:!1}:{box:[s,l,c,u],offscreen:this.isOffscreen(s,l,c,u)}},he.prototype.placeCollisionCircles=function(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p){var d=[],m=new t.Point(r.anchorX,r.anchorY),g=te(m,o),v=ee(this.transform.cameraToCenterDistance,g.signedDistanceFromCamera),y=(u?a/v:a*v)/t.ONE_EM,x=te(m,s).point,b=ie(y,i,r.lineOffsetX*y,r.lineOffsetY*y,!1,x,m,r,n,s,{}),_=!1,w=!1,T=!0;if(b){for(var k=.5*h*v+p,A=new t.Point(-100,-100),M=new t.Point(this.screenRightBoundary,this.screenBottomBoundary),S=new Jt,E=b.first,L=b.last,C=[],P=E.path.length-1;P>=1;P--)C.push(E.path[P]);for(var I=1;I<L.path.length;I++)C.push(L.path[I]);var O=2.5*k;if(l){var z=C.map((function(t){return te(t,l)}));C=z.some((function(t){return t.signedDistanceFromCamera<=0}))?[]:z.map((function(t){return t.point}))}var D=[];if(C.length>0){for(var R=C[0].clone(),F=C[0].clone(),B=1;B<C.length;B++)R.x=Math.min(R.x,C[B].x),R.y=Math.min(R.y,C[B].y),F.x=Math.max(F.x,C[B].x),F.y=Math.max(F.y,C[B].y);D=R.x>=A.x&&F.x<=M.x&&R.y>=A.y&&F.y<=M.y?[C]:F.x<A.x||R.x>M.x||F.y<A.y||R.y>M.y?[]:t.clipLine([C],A.x,A.y,M.x,M.y)}for(var N=0,j=D;N<j.length;N+=1){var U=j[N];S.reset(U,.25*k);var V=0;V=S.length<=.5*k?1:Math.ceil(S.paddedLength/O)+1;for(var H=0;H<V;H++){var q=H/Math.max(V-1,1),G=S.lerp(q),Y=G.x+100,W=G.y+100;d.push(Y,W,k,0);var Z=Y-k,X=W-k,J=Y+k,K=W+k;if(T=T&&this.isOffscreen(Z,X,J,K),w=w||this.isInsideGrid(Z,X,J,K),!e&&this.grid.hitTestCircle(Y,W,k,f)&&(_=!0,!c))return{circles:[],offscreen:!1,collisionDetected:_}}}}return{circles:!c&&_||!w?[]:d,offscreen:T,collisionDetected:_}},he.prototype.queryRenderedSymbols=function(e){if(0===e.length||0===this.grid.keysLength()&&0===this.ignoredGrid.keysLength())return{};for(var r=[],n=1/0,i=1/0,a=-1/0,o=-1/0,s=0,l=e;s<l.length;s+=1){var c=l[s],u=new t.Point(c.x+100,c.y+100);n=Math.min(n,u.x),i=Math.min(i,u.y),a=Math.max(a,u.x),o=Math.max(o,u.y),r.push(u)}for(var f={},h={},p=0,d=this.grid.query(n,i,a,o).concat(this.ignoredGrid.query(n,i,a,o));p<d.length;p+=1){var m=d[p],g=m.key;if(void 0===f[g.bucketInstanceId]&&(f[g.bucketInstanceId]={}),!f[g.bucketInstanceId][g.featureIndex]){var v=[new t.Point(m.x1,m.y1),new t.Point(m.x2,m.y1),new t.Point(m.x2,m.y2),new t.Point(m.x1,m.y2)];t.polygonIntersectsPolygon(r,v)&&(f[g.bucketInstanceId][g.featureIndex]=!0,void 0===h[g.bucketInstanceId]&&(h[g.bucketInstanceId]=[]),h[g.bucketInstanceId].push(g.featureIndex))}}return h},he.prototype.insertCollisionBox=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a={bucketInstanceId:r,featureIndex:n,collisionGroupID:i};(e?this.ignoredGrid:this.grid).insert(a,t[0],t[1],t[2],t[3])},he.prototype.insertCollisionCircles=function(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a=e?this.ignoredGrid:this.grid,o={bucketInstanceId:r,featureIndex:n,collisionGroupID:i},s=0;s<t.length;s+=4)a.insertCircle(o,t[s],t[s+1],t[s+2])},he.prototype.projectAndGetPerspectiveRatio=function(e,r,n){var i=[r,n,0,1];return fe(i,i,e),{point:new t.Point((i[0]/i[3]+1)/2*this.transform.width+100,(-i[1]/i[3]+1)/2*this.transform.height+100),perspectiveRatio:.5+this.transform.cameraToCenterDistance/i[3]*.5}},he.prototype.isOffscreen=function(t,e,r,n){return r<100||t>=this.screenRightBoundary||n<100||e>this.screenBottomBoundary},he.prototype.isInsideGrid=function(t,e,r,n){return r>=0&&t<this.gridRightBoundary&&n>=0&&e<this.gridBottomBoundary},he.prototype.getViewportMatrix=function(){var e=t.identity([]);return t.translate(e,e,[-100,-100,0]),e};var de=function(t,e,r,n){this.opacity=t?Math.max(0,Math.min(1,t.opacity+(t.placed?e:-e))):n&&r?1:0,this.placed=r};de.prototype.isHidden=function(){return 0===this.opacity&&!this.placed};var me=function(t,e,r,n,i){this.text=new de(t?t.text:null,e,r,i),this.icon=new de(t?t.icon:null,e,n,i)};me.prototype.isHidden=function(){return this.text.isHidden()&&this.icon.isHidden()};var ge=function(t,e,r){this.text=t,this.icon=e,this.skipFade=r},ve=function(){this.invProjMatrix=t.create(),this.viewportMatrix=t.create(),this.circles=[]},ye=function(t,e,r,n,i){this.bucketInstanceId=t,this.featureIndex=e,this.sourceLayerIndex=r,this.bucketIndex=n,this.tileID=i},xe=function(t){this.crossSourceCollisions=t,this.maxGroupID=0,this.collisionGroups={}};function be(e,r,n,i,a){var o=t.getAnchorAlignment(e),s=-(o.horizontalAlign-.5)*r,l=-(o.verticalAlign-.5)*n,c=t.evaluateVariableOffset(e,i);return new t.Point(s+c[0]*a,l+c[1]*a)}function _e(e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=e.x1,l=e.x2,c=e.y1,u=e.y2,f=e.anchorPointX,h=e.anchorPointY,p=new t.Point(r,n);return i&&p._rotate(a?o:-o),{x1:s+p.x,y1:c+p.y,x2:l+p.x,y2:u+p.y,anchorPointX:f,anchorPointY:h}}xe.prototype.get=function(t){if(this.crossSourceCollisions)return{ID:0,predicate:null};if(!this.collisionGroups[t]){var e=++this.maxGroupID;this.collisionGroups[t]={ID:e,predicate:function(t){return t.collisionGroupID===e}}}return this.collisionGroups[t]};var we=function(t,e,r,n){this.transform=t.clone(),this.collisionIndex=new he(this.transform),this.placements={},this.opacities={},this.variableOffsets={},this.stale=!1,this.commitTime=0,this.fadeDuration=e,this.retainedQueryData={},this.collisionGroups=new xe(r),this.collisionCircleArrays={},this.prevPlacement=n,n&&(n.prevPlacement=void 0),this.placedOrientations={}};function Te(t,e,r,n,i){t.emplaceBack(e?1:0,r?1:0,n||0,i||0),t.emplaceBack(e?1:0,r?1:0,n||0,i||0),t.emplaceBack(e?1:0,r?1:0,n||0,i||0),t.emplaceBack(e?1:0,r?1:0,n||0,i||0)}we.prototype.getBucketParts=function(e,r,n,i){var a=n.getBucket(r),o=n.latestFeatureIndex;if(a&&o&&r.id===a.layerIds[0]){var s=n.collisionBoxArray,l=a.layers[0].layout,c=Math.pow(2,this.transform.zoom-n.tileID.overscaledZ),u=n.tileSize/t.EXTENT,f=this.transform.calculatePosMatrix(n.tileID.toUnwrapped()),h="map"===l.get("text-pitch-alignment"),p="map"===l.get("text-rotation-alignment"),d=pe(n,1,this.transform.zoom),m=Qt(f,h,p,this.transform,d),g=null;if(h){var v=$t(f,h,p,this.transform,d);g=t.multiply([],this.transform.labelPlaneMatrix,v)}this.retainedQueryData[a.bucketInstanceId]=new ye(a.bucketInstanceId,o,a.sourceLayerIndex,a.index,n.tileID);var y={bucket:a,layout:l,posMatrix:f,textLabelPlaneMatrix:m,labelToScreenMatrix:g,scale:c,textPixelRatio:u,holdingForFade:n.holdingForFade(),collisionBoxArray:s,partiallyEvaluatedTextSize:t.evaluateSizeForZoom(a.textSizeData,this.transform.zoom),collisionGroup:this.collisionGroups.get(a.sourceID)};if(i)for(var x=0,b=a.sortKeyRanges;x<b.length;x+=1){var _=b[x],w=_.sortKey,T=_.symbolInstanceStart,k=_.symbolInstanceEnd;e.push({sortKey:w,symbolInstanceStart:T,symbolInstanceEnd:k,parameters:y})}else e.push({symbolInstanceStart:0,symbolInstanceEnd:a.symbolInstances.length,parameters:y})}},we.prototype.attemptAnchorPlacement=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d){var m,g=[f.textOffset0,f.textOffset1],v=be(t,r,n,g,i),y=this.collisionIndex.placeCollisionBox(_e(e,v.x,v.y,a,o,this.transform.angle),u,s,l,c.predicate);if(d&&0===this.collisionIndex.placeCollisionBox(_e(d,v.x,v.y,a,o,this.transform.angle),u,s,l,c.predicate).box.length)return;if(y.box.length>0)return this.prevPlacement&&this.prevPlacement.variableOffsets[f.crossTileID]&&this.prevPlacement.placements[f.crossTileID]&&this.prevPlacement.placements[f.crossTileID].text&&(m=this.prevPlacement.variableOffsets[f.crossTileID].anchor),this.variableOffsets[f.crossTileID]={textOffset:g,width:r,height:n,anchor:t,textBoxScale:i,prevAnchor:m},this.markUsedJustification(h,t,f,p),h.allowVerticalPlacement&&(this.markUsedOrientation(h,p,f),this.placedOrientations[f.crossTileID]=p),{shift:v,placedGlyphBoxes:y}},we.prototype.placeLayerBucketPart=function(e,r,n){var i=this,a=e.parameters,o=a.bucket,s=a.layout,l=a.posMatrix,c=a.textLabelPlaneMatrix,u=a.labelToScreenMatrix,f=a.textPixelRatio,h=a.holdingForFade,p=a.collisionBoxArray,d=a.partiallyEvaluatedTextSize,m=a.collisionGroup,g=s.get("text-optional"),v=s.get("icon-optional"),y=s.get("text-allow-overlap"),x=s.get("icon-allow-overlap"),b="map"===s.get("text-rotation-alignment"),_="map"===s.get("text-pitch-alignment"),w="none"!==s.get("icon-text-fit"),T="viewport-y"===s.get("symbol-z-order"),k=y&&(x||!o.hasIconData()||v),A=x&&(y||!o.hasTextData()||g);!o.collisionArrays&&p&&o.deserializeCollisionBoxes(p);var M=function(e,a){if(!r[e.crossTileID])if(h)i.placements[e.crossTileID]=new ge(!1,!1,!1);else{var p,T=!1,M=!1,S=!0,E=null,L={box:null,offscreen:null},C={box:null,offscreen:null},P=null,I=null,O=0,z=0,D=0;a.textFeatureIndex?O=a.textFeatureIndex:e.useRuntimeCollisionCircles&&(O=e.featureIndex),a.verticalTextFeatureIndex&&(z=a.verticalTextFeatureIndex);var R=a.textBox;if(R){var F=function(r){var n=t.WritingMode.horizontal;if(o.allowVerticalPlacement&&!r&&i.prevPlacement){var a=i.prevPlacement.placedOrientations[e.crossTileID];a&&(i.placedOrientations[e.crossTileID]=a,n=a,i.markUsedOrientation(o,n,e))}return n},B=function(r,n){if(o.allowVerticalPlacement&&e.numVerticalGlyphVertices>0&&a.verticalTextBox)for(var i=0,s=o.writingModes;i<s.length;i+=1){if(s[i]===t.WritingMode.vertical?(L=n(),C=L):L=r(),L&&L.box&&L.box.length)break}else L=r()};if(s.get("text-variable-anchor")){var N=s.get("text-variable-anchor");if(i.prevPlacement&&i.prevPlacement.variableOffsets[e.crossTileID]){var j=i.prevPlacement.variableOffsets[e.crossTileID];N.indexOf(j.anchor)>0&&(N=N.filter((function(t){return t!==j.anchor}))).unshift(j.anchor)}var U=function(t,r,n){for(var a=t.x2-t.x1,s=t.y2-t.y1,c=e.textBoxScale,u=w&&!x?r:null,h={box:[],offscreen:!1},p=y?2*N.length:N.length,d=0;d<p;++d){var g=N[d%N.length],v=d>=N.length,k=i.attemptAnchorPlacement(g,t,a,s,c,b,_,f,l,m,v,e,o,n,u);if(k&&(h=k.placedGlyphBoxes)&&h.box&&h.box.length){T=!0,E=k.shift;break}}return h};B((function(){return U(R,a.iconBox,t.WritingMode.horizontal)}),(function(){var r=a.verticalTextBox,n=L&&L.box&&L.box.length;return o.allowVerticalPlacement&&!n&&e.numVerticalGlyphVertices>0&&r?U(r,a.verticalIconBox,t.WritingMode.vertical):{box:null,offscreen:null}})),L&&(T=L.box,S=L.offscreen);var V=F(L&&L.box);if(!T&&i.prevPlacement){var H=i.prevPlacement.variableOffsets[e.crossTileID];H&&(i.variableOffsets[e.crossTileID]=H,i.markUsedJustification(o,H.anchor,e,V))}}else{var q=function(t,r){var n=i.collisionIndex.placeCollisionBox(t,y,f,l,m.predicate);return n&&n.box&&n.box.length&&(i.markUsedOrientation(o,r,e),i.placedOrientations[e.crossTileID]=r),n};B((function(){return q(R,t.WritingMode.horizontal)}),(function(){var r=a.verticalTextBox;return o.allowVerticalPlacement&&e.numVerticalGlyphVertices>0&&r?q(r,t.WritingMode.vertical):{box:null,offscreen:null}})),F(L&&L.box&&L.box.length)}}if(T=(p=L)&&p.box&&p.box.length>0,S=p&&p.offscreen,e.useRuntimeCollisionCircles){var G=o.text.placedSymbolArray.get(e.centerJustifiedTextSymbolIndex),Y=t.evaluateSizeForFeature(o.textSizeData,d,G),W=s.get("text-padding"),Z=e.collisionCircleDiameter;P=i.collisionIndex.placeCollisionCircles(y,G,o.lineVertexArray,o.glyphOffsetArray,Y,l,c,u,n,_,m.predicate,Z,W),T=y||P.circles.length>0&&!P.collisionDetected,S=S&&P.offscreen}if(a.iconFeatureIndex&&(D=a.iconFeatureIndex),a.iconBox){var X=function(t){var e=w&&E?_e(t,E.x,E.y,b,_,i.transform.angle):t;return i.collisionIndex.placeCollisionBox(e,x,f,l,m.predicate)};M=C&&C.box&&C.box.length&&a.verticalIconBox?(I=X(a.verticalIconBox)).box.length>0:(I=X(a.iconBox)).box.length>0,S=S&&I.offscreen}var J=g||0===e.numHorizontalGlyphVertices&&0===e.numVerticalGlyphVertices,K=v||0===e.numIconVertices;if(J||K?K?J||(M=M&&T):T=M&&T:M=T=M&&T,T&&p&&p.box&&(C&&C.box&&z?i.collisionIndex.insertCollisionBox(p.box,s.get("text-ignore-placement"),o.bucketInstanceId,z,m.ID):i.collisionIndex.insertCollisionBox(p.box,s.get("text-ignore-placement"),o.bucketInstanceId,O,m.ID)),M&&I&&i.collisionIndex.insertCollisionBox(I.box,s.get("icon-ignore-placement"),o.bucketInstanceId,D,m.ID),P&&(T&&i.collisionIndex.insertCollisionCircles(P.circles,s.get("text-ignore-placement"),o.bucketInstanceId,O,m.ID),n)){var Q=o.bucketInstanceId,$=i.collisionCircleArrays[Q];void 0===$&&($=i.collisionCircleArrays[Q]=new ve);for(var tt=0;tt<P.circles.length;tt+=4)$.circles.push(P.circles[tt+0]),$.circles.push(P.circles[tt+1]),$.circles.push(P.circles[tt+2]),$.circles.push(P.collisionDetected?1:0)}i.placements[e.crossTileID]=new ge(T||k,M||A,S||o.justReloaded),r[e.crossTileID]=!0}};if(T)for(var S=o.getSortedSymbolIndexes(this.transform.angle),E=S.length-1;E>=0;--E){var L=S[E];M(o.symbolInstances.get(L),o.collisionArrays[L])}else for(var C=e.symbolInstanceStart;C<e.symbolInstanceEnd;C++)M(o.symbolInstances.get(C),o.collisionArrays[C]);if(n&&o.bucketInstanceId in this.collisionCircleArrays){var P=this.collisionCircleArrays[o.bucketInstanceId];t.invert(P.invProjMatrix,l),P.viewportMatrix=this.collisionIndex.getViewportMatrix()}o.justReloaded=!1},we.prototype.markUsedJustification=function(e,r,n,i){var a,o={left:n.leftJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,center:n.centerJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,right:n.rightJustifiedTextSymbolIndex};a=i===t.WritingMode.vertical?n.verticalPlacedTextSymbolIndex:o[t.getAnchorJustification(r)];for(var s=0,l=[n.leftJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,n.centerJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,n.rightJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,n.verticalPlacedTextSymbolIndex];s<l.length;s+=1){var c=l[s];c>=0&&(e.text.placedSymbolArray.get(c).crossTileID=a>=0&&c!==a?0:n.crossTileID)}},we.prototype.markUsedOrientation=function(e,r,n){for(var i=r===t.WritingMode.horizontal||r===t.WritingMode.horizontalOnly?r:0,a=r===t.WritingMode.vertical?r:0,o=0,s=[n.leftJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,n.centerJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,n.rightJustifiedTextSymbolIndex];o<s.length;o+=1){var l=s[o];e.text.placedSymbolArray.get(l).placedOrientation=i}n.verticalPlacedTextSymbolIndex&&(e.text.placedSymbolArray.get(n.verticalPlacedTextSymbolIndex).placedOrientation=a)},we.prototype.commit=function(t){this.commitTime=t,this.zoomAtLastRecencyCheck=this.transform.zoom;var e=this.prevPlacement,r=!1;this.prevZoomAdjustment=e?e.zoomAdjustment(this.transform.zoom):0;var n=e?e.symbolFadeChange(t):1,i=e?e.opacities:{},a=e?e.variableOffsets:{},o=e?e.placedOrientations:{};for(var s in this.placements){var l=this.placements[s],c=i[s];c?(this.opacities[s]=new me(c,n,l.text,l.icon),r=r||l.text!==c.text.placed||l.icon!==c.icon.placed):(this.opacities[s]=new me(null,n,l.text,l.icon,l.skipFade),r=r||l.text||l.icon)}for(var u in i){var f=i[u];if(!this.opacities[u]){var h=new me(f,n,!1,!1);h.isHidden()||(this.opacities[u]=h,r=r||f.text.placed||f.icon.placed)}}for(var p in a)this.variableOffsets[p]||!this.opacities[p]||this.opacities[p].isHidden()||(this.variableOffsets[p]=a[p]);for(var d in o)this.placedOrientations[d]||!this.opacities[d]||this.opacities[d].isHidden()||(this.placedOrientations[d]=o[d]);r?this.lastPlacementChangeTime=t:"number"!=typeof this.lastPlacementChangeTime&&(this.lastPlacementChangeTime=e?e.lastPlacementChangeTime:t)},we.prototype.updateLayerOpacities=function(t,e){for(var r={},n=0,i=e;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n],o=a.getBucket(t);o&&a.latestFeatureIndex&&t.id===o.layerIds[0]&&this.updateBucketOpacities(o,r,a.collisionBoxArray)}},we.prototype.updateBucketOpacities=function(e,r,n){var i=this;e.hasTextData()&&e.text.opacityVertexArray.clear(),e.hasIconData()&&e.icon.opacityVertexArray.clear(),e.hasIconCollisionBoxData()&&e.iconCollisionBox.collisionVertexArray.clear(),e.hasTextCollisionBoxData()&&e.textCollisionBox.collisionVertexArray.clear();var a=e.layers[0].layout,o=new me(null,0,!1,!1,!0),s=a.get("text-allow-overlap"),l=a.get("icon-allow-overlap"),c=a.get("text-variable-anchor"),u="map"===a.get("text-rotation-alignment"),f="map"===a.get("text-pitch-alignment"),h="none"!==a.get("icon-text-fit"),p=new me(null,0,s&&(l||!e.hasIconData()||a.get("icon-optional")),l&&(s||!e.hasTextData()||a.get("text-optional")),!0);!e.collisionArrays&&n&&(e.hasIconCollisionBoxData()||e.hasTextCollisionBoxData())&&e.deserializeCollisionBoxes(n);for(var d=function(t,e,r){for(var n=0;n<e/4;n++)t.opacityVertexArray.emplaceBack(r)},m=function(n){var a=e.symbolInstances.get(n),s=a.numHorizontalGlyphVertices,l=a.numVerticalGlyphVertices,m=a.crossTileID,g=r[m],v=i.opacities[m];g?v=o:v||(v=p,i.opacities[m]=v),r[m]=!0;var y=s>0||l>0,x=a.numIconVertices>0,b=i.placedOrientations[a.crossTileID],_=b===t.WritingMode.vertical,w=b===t.WritingMode.horizontal||b===t.WritingMode.horizontalOnly;if(y){var T=Pe(v.text),k=_?Ie:T;d(e.text,s,k);var A=w?Ie:T;d(e.text,l,A);var M=v.text.isHidden();[a.rightJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,a.centerJustifiedTextSymbolIndex,a.leftJustifiedTextSymbolIndex].forEach((function(t){t>=0&&(e.text.placedSymbolArray.get(t).hidden=M||_?1:0)})),a.verticalPlacedTextSymbolIndex>=0&&(e.text.placedSymbolArray.get(a.verticalPlacedTextSymbolIndex).hidden=M||w?1:0);var S=i.variableOffsets[a.crossTileID];S&&i.markUsedJustification(e,S.anchor,a,b);var E=i.placedOrientations[a.crossTileID];E&&(i.markUsedJustification(e,"left",a,E),i.markUsedOrientation(e,E,a))}if(x){var L=Pe(v.icon),C=!(h&&a.verticalPlacedIconSymbolIndex&&_);if(a.placedIconSymbolIndex>=0){var P=C?L:Ie;d(e.icon,a.numIconVertices,P),e.icon.placedSymbolArray.get(a.placedIconSymbolIndex).hidden=v.icon.isHidden()}if(a.verticalPlacedIconSymbolIndex>=0){var I=C?Ie:L;d(e.icon,a.numVerticalIconVertices,I),e.icon.placedSymbolArray.get(a.verticalPlacedIconSymbolIndex).hidden=v.icon.isHidden()}}if(e.hasIconCollisionBoxData()||e.hasTextCollisionBoxData()){var O=e.collisionArrays[n];if(O){var z=new t.Point(0,0);if(O.textBox||O.verticalTextBox){var D=!0;if(c){var R=i.variableOffsets[m];R?(z=be(R.anchor,R.width,R.height,R.textOffset,R.textBoxScale),u&&z._rotate(f?i.transform.angle:-i.transform.angle)):D=!1}O.textBox&&Te(e.textCollisionBox.collisionVertexArray,v.text.placed,!D||_,z.x,z.y),O.verticalTextBox&&Te(e.textCollisionBox.collisionVertexArray,v.text.placed,!D||w,z.x,z.y)}var F=Boolean(!w&&O.verticalIconBox);O.iconBox&&Te(e.iconCollisionBox.collisionVertexArray,v.icon.placed,F,h?z.x:0,h?z.y:0),O.verticalIconBox&&Te(e.iconCollisionBox.collisionVertexArray,v.icon.placed,!F,h?z.x:0,h?z.y:0)}}},g=0;g<e.symbolInstances.length;g++)m(g);if(e.sortFeatures(this.transform.angle),this.retainedQueryData[e.bucketInstanceId]&&(this.retainedQueryData[e.bucketInstanceId].featureSortOrder=e.featureSortOrder),e.hasTextData()&&e.text.opacityVertexBuffer&&e.text.opacityVertexBuffer.updateData(e.text.opacityVertexArray),e.hasIconData()&&e.icon.opacityVertexBuffer&&e.icon.opacityVertexBuffer.updateData(e.icon.opacityVertexArray),e.hasIconCollisionBoxData()&&e.iconCollisionBox.collisionVertexBuffer&&e.iconCollisionBox.collisionVertexBuffer.updateData(e.iconCollisionBox.collisionVertexArray),e.hasTextCollisionBoxData()&&e.textCollisionBox.collisionVertexBuffer&&e.textCollisionBox.collisionVertexBuffer.updateData(e.textCollisionBox.collisionVertexArray),e.bucketInstanceId in this.collisionCircleArrays){var v=this.collisionCircleArrays[e.bucketInstanceId];e.placementInvProjMatrix=v.invProjMatrix,e.placementViewportMatrix=v.viewportMatrix,e.collisionCircleArray=v.circles,delete this.collisionCircleArrays[e.bucketInstanceId]}},we.prototype.symbolFadeChange=function(t){return 0===this.fadeDuration?1:(t-this.commitTime)/this.fadeDuration+this.prevZoomAdjustment},we.prototype.zoomAdjustment=function(t){return Math.max(0,(this.transform.zoom-t)/1.5)},we.prototype.hasTransitions=function(t){return this.stale||t-this.lastPlacementChangeTime<this.fadeDuration},we.prototype.stillRecent=function(t,e){var r=this.zoomAtLastRecencyCheck===e?1-this.zoomAdjustment(e):1;return this.zoomAtLastRecencyCheck=e,this.commitTime+this.fadeDuration*r>t},we.prototype.setStale=function(){this.stale=!0};var ke=Math.pow(2,25),Ae=Math.pow(2,24),Me=Math.pow(2,17),Se=Math.pow(2,16),Ee=Math.pow(2,9),Le=Math.pow(2,8),Ce=Math.pow(2,1);function Pe(t){if(0===t.opacity&&!t.placed)return 0;if(1===t.opacity&&t.placed)return 4294967295;var e=t.placed?1:0,r=Math.floor(127*t.opacity);return r*ke+e*Ae+r*Me+e*Se+r*Ee+e*Le+r*Ce+e}var Ie=0,Oe=function(t){this._sortAcrossTiles="viewport-y"!==t.layout.get("symbol-z-order")&&void 0!==t.layout.get("symbol-sort-key").constantOr(1),this._currentTileIndex=0,this._currentPartIndex=0,this._seenCrossTileIDs={},this._bucketParts=[]};Oe.prototype.continuePlacement=function(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a=this._bucketParts;this._currentTileIndex<t.length;){var o=t[this._currentTileIndex];if(e.getBucketParts(a,n,o,this._sortAcrossTiles),this._currentTileIndex++,i())return!0}for(this._sortAcrossTiles&&(this._sortAcrossTiles=!1,a.sort((function(t,e){return t.sortKey-e.sortKey})));this._currentPartIndex<a.length;){var s=a[this._currentPartIndex];if(e.placeLayerBucketPart(s,this._seenCrossTileIDs,r),this._currentPartIndex++,i())return!0}return!1};var ze=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){this.placement=new we(t,i,a,o),this._currentPlacementIndex=e.length-1,this._forceFullPlacement=r,this._showCollisionBoxes=n,this._done=!1};ze.prototype.isDone=function(){return this._done},ze.prototype.continuePlacement=function(e,r,n){for(var i=this,a=t.browser.now(),o=function(){var e=t.browser.now()-a;return!i._forceFullPlacement&&e>2};this._currentPlacementIndex>=0;){var s=r[e[this._currentPlacementIndex]],l=this.placement.collisionIndex.transform.zoom;if("symbol"===s.type&&(!s.minzoom||s.minzoom<=l)&&(!s.maxzoom||s.maxzoom>l)){if(this._inProgressLayer||(this._inProgressLayer=new Oe(s)),this._inProgressLayer.continuePlacement(n[s.source],this.placement,this._showCollisionBoxes,s,o))return;delete this._inProgressLayer}this._currentPlacementIndex--}this._done=!0},ze.prototype.commit=function(t){return this.placement.commit(t),this.placement};var De=512/t.EXTENT/2,Re=function(t,e,r){this.tileID=t,this.indexedSymbolInstances={},this.bucketInstanceId=r;for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++){var i=e.get(n),a=i.key;this.indexedSymbolInstances[a]||(this.indexedSymbolInstances[a]=[]),this.indexedSymbolInstances[a].push({crossTileID:i.crossTileID,coord:this.getScaledCoordinates(i,t)})}};Re.prototype.getScaledCoordinates=function(e,r){var n=r.canonical.z-this.tileID.canonical.z,i=De/Math.pow(2,n);return{x:Math.floor((r.canonical.x*t.EXTENT+e.anchorX)*i),y:Math.floor((r.canonical.y*t.EXTENT+e.anchorY)*i)}},Re.prototype.findMatches=function(t,e,r){for(var n=this.tileID.canonical.z<e.canonical.z?1:Math.pow(2,this.tileID.canonical.z-e.canonical.z),i=0;i<t.length;i++){var a=t.get(i);if(!a.crossTileID){var o=this.indexedSymbolInstances[a.key];if(o)for(var s=this.getScaledCoordinates(a,e),l=0,c=o;l<c.length;l+=1){var u=c[l];if(Math.abs(u.coord.x-s.x)<=n&&Math.abs(u.coord.y-s.y)<=n&&!r[u.crossTileID]){r[u.crossTileID]=!0,a.crossTileID=u.crossTileID;break}}}}};var Fe=function(){this.maxCrossTileID=0};Fe.prototype.generate=function(){return++this.maxCrossTileID};var Be=function(){this.indexes={},this.usedCrossTileIDs={},this.lng=0};Be.prototype.handleWrapJump=function(t){var e=Math.round((t-this.lng)/360);if(0!==e)for(var r in this.indexes){var n=this.indexes[r],i={};for(var a in n){var o=n[a];o.tileID=o.tileID.unwrapTo(o.tileID.wrap+e),i[o.tileID.key]=o}this.indexes[r]=i}this.lng=t},Be.prototype.addBucket=function(t,e,r){if(this.indexes[t.overscaledZ]&&this.indexes[t.overscaledZ][t.key]){if(this.indexes[t.overscaledZ][t.key].bucketInstanceId===e.bucketInstanceId)return!1;this.removeBucketCrossTileIDs(t.overscaledZ,this.indexes[t.overscaledZ][t.key])}for(var n=0;n<e.symbolInstances.length;n++){e.symbolInstances.get(n).crossTileID=0}this.usedCrossTileIDs[t.overscaledZ]||(this.usedCrossTileIDs[t.overscaledZ]={});var i=this.usedCrossTileIDs[t.overscaledZ];for(var a in this.indexes){var o=this.indexes[a];if(Number(a)>t.overscaledZ)for(var s in o){var l=o[s];l.tileID.isChildOf(t)&&l.findMatches(e.symbolInstances,t,i)}else{var c=o[t.scaledTo(Number(a)).key];c&&c.findMatches(e.symbolInstances,t,i)}}for(var u=0;u<e.symbolInstances.length;u++){var f=e.symbolInstances.get(u);f.crossTileID||(f.crossTileID=r.generate(),i[f.crossTileID]=!0)}return void 0===this.indexes[t.overscaledZ]&&(this.indexes[t.overscaledZ]={}),this.indexes[t.overscaledZ][t.key]=new Re(t,e.symbolInstances,e.bucketInstanceId),!0},Be.prototype.removeBucketCrossTileIDs=function(t,e){for(var r in e.indexedSymbolInstances)for(var n=0,i=e.indexedSymbolInstances[r];n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n];delete this.usedCrossTileIDs[t][a.crossTileID]}},Be.prototype.removeStaleBuckets=function(t){var e=!1;for(var r in this.indexes){var n=this.indexes[r];for(var i in n)t[n[i].bucketInstanceId]||(this.removeBucketCrossTileIDs(r,n[i]),delete n[i],e=!0)}return e};var Ne=function(){this.layerIndexes={},this.crossTileIDs=new Fe,this.maxBucketInstanceId=0,this.bucketsInCurrentPlacement={}};Ne.prototype.addLayer=function(t,e,r){var n=this.layerIndexes[t.id];void 0===n&&(n=this.layerIndexes[t.id]=new Be);var i=!1,a={};n.handleWrapJump(r);for(var o=0,s=e;o<s.length;o+=1){var l=s[o],c=l.getBucket(t);c&&t.id===c.layerIds[0]&&(c.bucketInstanceId||(c.bucketInstanceId=++this.maxBucketInstanceId),n.addBucket(l.tileID,c,this.crossTileIDs)&&(i=!0),a[c.bucketInstanceId]=!0)}return n.removeStaleBuckets(a)&&(i=!0),i},Ne.prototype.pruneUnusedLayers=function(t){var e={};for(var r in t.forEach((function(t){e[t]=!0})),this.layerIndexes)e[r]||delete this.layerIndexes[r]};var je=function(e,r){return t.emitValidationErrors(e,r&&r.filter((function(t){return"source.canvas"!==t.identifier})))},Ue=t.pick(Ut,["addLayer","removeLayer","setPaintProperty","setLayoutProperty","setFilter","addSource","removeSource","setLayerZoomRange","setLight","setTransition","setGeoJSONSourceData"]),Ve=t.pick(Ut,["setCenter","setZoom","setBearing","setPitch"]),He=function(){var e={},r=t.styleSpec.$version;for(var n in t.styleSpec.$root){var i=t.styleSpec.$root[n];if(i.required){var a=null;null!=(a="version"===n?r:"array"===i.type?[]:{})&&(e[n]=a)}}return e}(),qe=function(e){function r(n,i){var a=this;void 0===i&&(i={}),e.call(this),this.map=n,this.dispatcher=new k(Bt(),this),this.imageManager=new h,this.imageManager.setEventedParent(this),this.glyphManager=new x(n._requestManager,i.localIdeographFontFamily),this.lineAtlas=new T(256,512),this.crossTileSymbolIndex=new Ne,this._layers={},this._serializedLayers={},this._order=[],this.sourceCaches={},this.zoomHistory=new t.ZoomHistory,this._loaded=!1,this._availableImages=[],this._resetUpdates(),this.dispatcher.broadcast("setReferrer",t.getReferrer());var o=this;this._rtlTextPluginCallback=r.registerForPluginStateChange((function(e){var r={pluginStatus:e.pluginStatus,pluginURL:e.pluginURL};o.dispatcher.broadcast("syncRTLPluginState",r,(function(e,r){if((t.triggerPluginCompletionEvent(e),r)&&r.every((function(t){return t})))for(var n in o.sourceCaches)o.sourceCaches[n].reload()}))})),this.on("data",(function(t){if("source"===t.dataType&&"metadata"===t.sourceDataType){var e=a.sourceCaches[t.sourceId];if(e){var r=e.getSource();if(r&&r.vectorLayerIds)for(var n in a._layers){var i=a._layers[n];i.source===r.id&&a._validateLayer(i)}}}}))}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.loadURL=function(e,r){var n=this;void 0===r&&(r={}),this.fire(new t.Event("dataloading",{dataType:"style"}));var i="boolean"==typeof r.validate?r.validate:!t.isMapboxURL(e);e=this.map._requestManager.normalizeStyleURL(e,r.accessToken);var a=this.map._requestManager.transformRequest(e,t.ResourceType.Style);this._request=t.getJSON(a,(function(e,r){n._request=null,e?n.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(e)):r&&n._load(r,i)}))},r.prototype.loadJSON=function(e,r){var n=this;void 0===r&&(r={}),this.fire(new t.Event("dataloading",{dataType:"style"})),this._request=t.browser.frame((function(){n._request=null,n._load(e,!1!==r.validate)}))},r.prototype.loadEmpty=function(){this.fire(new t.Event("dataloading",{dataType:"style"})),this._load(He,!1)},r.prototype._load=function(e,r){if(!r||!je(this,t.validateStyle(e))){for(var n in this._loaded=!0,this.stylesheet=e,e.sources)this.addSource(n,e.sources[n],{validate:!1});e.sprite?this._loadSprite(e.sprite):this.imageManager.setLoaded(!0),this.glyphManager.setURL(e.glyphs);var i=jt(this.stylesheet.layers);this._order=i.map((function(t){return t.id})),this._layers={},this._serializedLayers={};for(var a=0,o=i;a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a];(s=t.createStyleLayer(s)).setEventedParent(this,{layer:{id:s.id}}),this._layers[s.id]=s,this._serializedLayers[s.id]=s.serialize()}this.dispatcher.broadcast("setLayers",this._serializeLayers(this._order)),this.light=new w(this.stylesheet.light),this.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"style"})),this.fire(new t.Event("style.load"))}},r.prototype._loadSprite=function(e){var r=this;this._spriteRequest=function(e,r,n){var i,a,o,s=t.browser.devicePixelRatio>1?"@2x":"",l=t.getJSON(r.transformRequest(r.normalizeSpriteURL(e,s,".json"),t.ResourceType.SpriteJSON),(function(t,e){l=null,o||(o=t,i=e,u())})),c=t.getImage(r.transformRequest(r.normalizeSpriteURL(e,s,".png"),t.ResourceType.SpriteImage),(function(t,e){c=null,o||(o=t,a=e,u())}));function u(){if(o)n(o);else if(i&&a){var e=t.browser.getImageData(a),r={};for(var s in i){var l=i[s],c=l.width,u=l.height,f=l.x,h=l.y,p=l.sdf,d=l.pixelRatio,m=l.stretchX,g=l.stretchY,v=l.content,y=new t.RGBAImage({width:c,height:u});t.RGBAImage.copy(e,y,{x:f,y:h},{x:0,y:0},{width:c,height:u}),r[s]={data:y,pixelRatio:d,sdf:p,stretchX:m,stretchY:g,content:v}}n(null,r)}}return{cancel:function(){l&&(l.cancel(),l=null),c&&(c.cancel(),c=null)}}}(e,this.map._requestManager,(function(e,n){if(r._spriteRequest=null,e)r.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(e));else if(n)for(var i in n)r.imageManager.addImage(i,n[i]);r.imageManager.setLoaded(!0),r._availableImages=r.imageManager.listImages(),r.dispatcher.broadcast("setImages",r._availableImages),r.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"style"}))}))},r.prototype._validateLayer=function(e){var r=this.sourceCaches[e.source];if(r){var n=e.sourceLayer;if(n){var i=r.getSource();("geojson"===i.type||i.vectorLayerIds&&-1===i.vectorLayerIds.indexOf(n))&&this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error('Source layer "'+n+'" does not exist on source "'+i.id+'" as specified by style layer "'+e.id+'"')))}}},r.prototype.loaded=function(){if(!this._loaded)return!1;if(Object.keys(this._updatedSources).length)return!1;for(var t in this.sourceCaches)if(!this.sourceCaches[t].loaded())return!1;return!!this.imageManager.isLoaded()},r.prototype._serializeLayers=function(t){for(var e=[],r=0,n=t;r<n.length;r+=1){var i=n[r],a=this._layers[i];"custom"!==a.type&&e.push(a.serialize())}return e},r.prototype.hasTransitions=function(){if(this.light&&this.light.hasTransition())return!0;for(var t in this.sourceCaches)if(this.sourceCaches[t].hasTransition())return!0;for(var e in this._layers)if(this._layers[e].hasTransition())return!0;return!1},r.prototype._checkLoaded=function(){if(!this._loaded)throw new Error("Style is not done loading")},r.prototype.update=function(e){if(this._loaded){var r=this._changed;if(this._changed){var n=Object.keys(this._updatedLayers),i=Object.keys(this._removedLayers);for(var a in(n.length||i.length)&&this._updateWorkerLayers(n,i),this._updatedSources){var o=this._updatedSources[a];"reload"===o?this._reloadSource(a):"clear"===o&&this._clearSource(a)}for(var s in this._updateTilesForChangedImages(),this._updatedPaintProps)this._layers[s].updateTransitions(e);this.light.updateTransitions(e),this._resetUpdates()}for(var l in this.sourceCaches)this.sourceCaches[l].used=!1;for(var c=0,u=this._order;c<u.length;c+=1){var f=u[c],h=this._layers[f];h.recalculate(e,this._availableImages),!h.isHidden(e.zoom)&&h.source&&(this.sourceCaches[h.source].used=!0)}this.light.recalculate(e),this.z=e.zoom,r&&this.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"style"}))}},r.prototype._updateTilesForChangedImages=function(){var t=Object.keys(this._changedImages);if(t.length){for(var e in this.sourceCaches)this.sourceCaches[e].reloadTilesForDependencies(["icons","patterns"],t);this._changedImages={}}},r.prototype._updateWorkerLayers=function(t,e){this.dispatcher.broadcast("updateLayers",{layers:this._serializeLayers(t),removedIds:e})},r.prototype._resetUpdates=function(){this._changed=!1,this._updatedLayers={},this._removedLayers={},this._updatedSources={},this._updatedPaintProps={},this._changedImages={}},r.prototype.setState=function(e){var r=this;if(this._checkLoaded(),je(this,t.validateStyle(e)))return!1;(e=t.clone$1(e)).layers=jt(e.layers);var n=Xt(this.serialize(),e).filter((function(t){return!(t.command in Ve)}));if(0===n.length)return!1;var i=n.filter((function(t){return!(t.command in Ue)}));if(i.length>0)throw new Error("Unimplemented: "+i.map((function(t){return t.command})).join(", ")+".");return n.forEach((function(t){"setTransition"!==t.command&&r[t.command].apply(r,t.args)})),this.stylesheet=e,!0},r.prototype.addImage=function(e,r){if(this.getImage(e))return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("An image with this name already exists.")));this.imageManager.addImage(e,r),this._availableImages=this.imageManager.listImages(),this._changedImages[e]=!0,this._changed=!0,this.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"style"}))},r.prototype.updateImage=function(t,e){this.imageManager.updateImage(t,e)},r.prototype.getImage=function(t){return this.imageManager.getImage(t)},r.prototype.removeImage=function(e){if(!this.getImage(e))return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("No image with this name exists.")));this.imageManager.removeImage(e),this._availableImages=this.imageManager.listImages(),this._changedImages[e]=!0,this._changed=!0,this.fire(new t.Event("data",{dataType:"style"}))},r.prototype.listImages=function(){return this._checkLoaded(),this.imageManager.listImages()},r.prototype.addSource=function(e,r,n){var i=this;if(void 0===n&&(n={}),this._checkLoaded(),void 0!==this.sourceCaches[e])throw new Error("There is already a source with this ID");if(!r.type)throw new Error("The type property must be defined, but the only the following properties were given: "+Object.keys(r).join(", ")+".");if(!(["vector","raster","geojson","video","image"].indexOf(r.type)>=0)||!this._validate(t.validateStyle.source,"sources."+e,r,null,n)){this.map&&this.map._collectResourceTiming&&(r.collectResourceTiming=!0);var a=this.sourceCaches[e]=new Ct(e,r,this.dispatcher);a.style=this,a.setEventedParent(this,(function(){return{isSourceLoaded:i.loaded(),source:a.serialize(),sourceId:e}})),a.onAdd(this.map),this._changed=!0}},r.prototype.removeSource=function(e){if(this._checkLoaded(),void 0===this.sourceCaches[e])throw new Error("There is no source with this ID");for(var r in this._layers)if(this._layers[r].source===e)return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error('Source "'+e+'" cannot be removed while layer "'+r+'" is using it.')));var n=this.sourceCaches[e];delete this.sourceCaches[e],delete this._updatedSources[e],n.fire(new t.Event("data",{sourceDataType:"metadata",dataType:"source",sourceId:e})),n.setEventedParent(null),n.clearTiles(),n.onRemove&&n.onRemove(this.map),this._changed=!0},r.prototype.setGeoJSONSourceData=function(t,e){this._checkLoaded(),this.sourceCaches[t].getSource().setData(e),this._changed=!0},r.prototype.getSource=function(t){return this.sourceCaches[t]&&this.sourceCaches[t].getSource()},r.prototype.addLayer=function(e,r,n){void 0===n&&(n={}),this._checkLoaded();var i=e.id;if(this.getLayer(i))this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error('Layer with id "'+i+'" already exists on this map')));else{var a;if("custom"===e.type){if(je(this,t.validateCustomStyleLayer(e)))return;a=t.createStyleLayer(e)}else{if("object"==typeof e.source&&(this.addSource(i,e.source),e=t.clone$1(e),e=t.extend(e,{source:i})),this._validate(t.validateStyle.layer,"layers."+i,e,{arrayIndex:-1},n))return;a=t.createStyleLayer(e),this._validateLayer(a),a.setEventedParent(this,{layer:{id:i}}),this._serializedLayers[a.id]=a.serialize()}var o=r?this._order.indexOf(r):this._order.length;if(r&&-1===o)this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error('Layer with id "'+r+'" does not exist on this map.')));else{if(this._order.splice(o,0,i),this._layerOrderChanged=!0,this._layers[i]=a,this._removedLayers[i]&&a.source&&"custom"!==a.type){var s=this._removedLayers[i];delete this._removedLayers[i],s.type!==a.type?this._updatedSources[a.source]="clear":(this._updatedSources[a.source]="reload",this.sourceCaches[a.source].pause())}this._updateLayer(a),a.onAdd&&a.onAdd(this.map)}}},r.prototype.moveLayer=function(e,r){if(this._checkLoaded(),this._changed=!0,this._layers[e]){if(e!==r){var n=this._order.indexOf(e);this._order.splice(n,1);var i=r?this._order.indexOf(r):this._order.length;r&&-1===i?this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error('Layer with id "'+r+'" does not exist on this map.'))):(this._order.splice(i,0,e),this._layerOrderChanged=!0)}}else this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The layer '"+e+"' does not exist in the map's style and cannot be moved.")))},r.prototype.removeLayer=function(e){this._checkLoaded();var r=this._layers[e];if(r){r.setEventedParent(null);var n=this._order.indexOf(e);this._order.splice(n,1),this._layerOrderChanged=!0,this._changed=!0,this._removedLayers[e]=r,delete this._layers[e],delete this._serializedLayers[e],delete this._updatedLayers[e],delete this._updatedPaintProps[e],r.onRemove&&r.onRemove(this.map)}else this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The layer '"+e+"' does not exist in the map's style and cannot be removed.")))},r.prototype.getLayer=function(t){return this._layers[t]},r.prototype.hasLayer=function(t){return t in this._layers},r.prototype.setLayerZoomRange=function(e,r,n){this._checkLoaded();var i=this.getLayer(e);i?i.minzoom===r&&i.maxzoom===n||(null!=r&&(i.minzoom=r),null!=n&&(i.maxzoom=n),this._updateLayer(i)):this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The layer '"+e+"' does not exist in the map's style and cannot have zoom extent.")))},r.prototype.setFilter=function(e,r,n){void 0===n&&(n={}),this._checkLoaded();var i=this.getLayer(e);if(i){if(!t.deepEqual(i.filter,r))return null==r?(i.filter=void 0,void this._updateLayer(i)):void(this._validate(t.validateStyle.filter,"layers."+i.id+".filter",r,null,n)||(i.filter=t.clone$1(r),this._updateLayer(i)))}else this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The layer '"+e+"' does not exist in the map's style and cannot be filtered.")))},r.prototype.getFilter=function(e){return t.clone$1(this.getLayer(e).filter)},r.prototype.setLayoutProperty=function(e,r,n,i){void 0===i&&(i={}),this._checkLoaded();var a=this.getLayer(e);a?t.deepEqual(a.getLayoutProperty(r),n)||(a.setLayoutProperty(r,n,i),this._updateLayer(a)):this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The layer '"+e+"' does not exist in the map's style and cannot be styled.")))},r.prototype.getLayoutProperty=function(e,r){var n=this.getLayer(e);if(n)return n.getLayoutProperty(r);this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The layer '"+e+"' does not exist in the map's style.")))},r.prototype.setPaintProperty=function(e,r,n,i){void 0===i&&(i={}),this._checkLoaded();var a=this.getLayer(e);a?t.deepEqual(a.getPaintProperty(r),n)||(a.setPaintProperty(r,n,i)&&this._updateLayer(a),this._changed=!0,this._updatedPaintProps[e]=!0):this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The layer '"+e+"' does not exist in the map's style and cannot be styled.")))},r.prototype.getPaintProperty=function(t,e){return this.getLayer(t).getPaintProperty(e)},r.prototype.setFeatureState=function(e,r){this._checkLoaded();var n=e.source,i=e.sourceLayer,a=this.sourceCaches[n];if(void 0!==a){var o=a.getSource().type;"geojson"===o&&i?this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("GeoJSON sources cannot have a sourceLayer parameter."))):"vector"!==o||i?(void 0===e.id&&this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The feature id parameter must be provided."))),a.setFeatureState(i,e.id,r)):this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The sourceLayer parameter must be provided for vector source types.")))}else this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The source '"+n+"' does not exist in the map's style.")))},r.prototype.removeFeatureState=function(e,r){this._checkLoaded();var n=e.source,i=this.sourceCaches[n];if(void 0!==i){var a=i.getSource().type,o="vector"===a?e.sourceLayer:void 0;"vector"!==a||o?r&&"string"!=typeof e.id&&"number"!=typeof e.id?this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("A feature id is requred to remove its specific state property."))):i.removeFeatureState(o,e.id,r):this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The sourceLayer parameter must be provided for vector source types.")))}else this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The source '"+n+"' does not exist in the map's style.")))},r.prototype.getFeatureState=function(e){this._checkLoaded();var r=e.source,n=e.sourceLayer,i=this.sourceCaches[r];if(void 0!==i){if("vector"!==i.getSource().type||n)return void 0===e.id&&this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The feature id parameter must be provided."))),i.getFeatureState(n,e.id);this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The sourceLayer parameter must be provided for vector source types.")))}else this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The source '"+r+"' does not exist in the map's style.")))},r.prototype.getTransition=function(){return t.extend({duration:300,delay:0},this.stylesheet&&this.stylesheet.transition)},r.prototype.serialize=function(){return t.filterObject({version:this.stylesheet.version,name:this.stylesheet.name,metadata:this.stylesheet.metadata,light:this.stylesheet.light,center:this.stylesheet.center,zoom:this.stylesheet.zoom,bearing:this.stylesheet.bearing,pitch:this.stylesheet.pitch,sprite:this.stylesheet.sprite,glyphs:this.stylesheet.glyphs,transition:this.stylesheet.transition,sources:t.mapObject(this.sourceCaches,(function(t){return t.serialize()})),layers:this._serializeLayers(this._order)},(function(t){return void 0!==t}))},r.prototype._updateLayer=function(t){this._updatedLayers[t.id]=!0,t.source&&!this._updatedSources[t.source]&&"raster"!==this.sourceCaches[t.source].getSource().type&&(this._updatedSources[t.source]="reload",this.sourceCaches[t.source].pause()),this._changed=!0},r.prototype._flattenAndSortRenderedFeatures=function(t){for(var e=this,r=function(t){return"fill-extrusion"===e._layers[t].type},n={},i=[],a=this._order.length-1;a>=0;a--){var o=this._order[a];if(r(o)){n[o]=a;for(var s=0,l=t;s<l.length;s+=1){var c=l[s][o];if(c)for(var u=0,f=c;u<f.length;u+=1){var h=f[u];i.push(h)}}}}i.sort((function(t,e){return e.intersectionZ-t.intersectionZ}));for(var p=[],d=this._order.length-1;d>=0;d--){var m=this._order[d];if(r(m))for(var g=i.length-1;g>=0;g--){var v=i[g].feature;if(n[v.layer.id]<d)break;p.push(v),i.pop()}else for(var y=0,x=t;y<x.length;y+=1){var b=x[y][m];if(b)for(var _=0,w=b;_<w.length;_+=1){var T=w[_];p.push(T.feature)}}}return p},r.prototype.queryRenderedFeatures=function(e,r,n){r&&r.filter&&this._validate(t.validateStyle.filter,"queryRenderedFeatures.filter",r.filter,null,r);var i={};if(r&&r.layers){if(!Array.isArray(r.layers))return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("parameters.layers must be an Array."))),[];for(var a=0,o=r.layers;a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a],l=this._layers[s];if(!l)return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The layer '"+s+"' does not exist in the map's style and cannot be queried for features."))),[];i[l.source]=!0}}var c=[];for(var u in r.availableImages=this._availableImages,this.sourceCaches)r.layers&&!i[u]||c.push(F(this.sourceCaches[u],this._layers,this._serializedLayers,e,r,n));return this.placement&&c.push(function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){for(var s={},l=a.queryRenderedSymbols(n),c=[],u=0,f=Object.keys(l).map(Number);u<f.length;u+=1){var h=f[u];c.push(o[h])}c.sort(B);for(var p=function(){var r=m[d],n=r.featureIndex.lookupSymbolFeatures(l[r.bucketInstanceId],e,r.bucketIndex,r.sourceLayerIndex,i.filter,i.layers,i.availableImages,t);for(var a in n){var o=s[a]=s[a]||[],c=n[a];c.sort((function(t,e){var n=r.featureSortOrder;if(n){var i=n.indexOf(t.featureIndex);return n.indexOf(e.featureIndex)-i}return e.featureIndex-t.featureIndex}));for(var u=0,f=c;u<f.length;u+=1){var h=f[u];o.push(h)}}},d=0,m=c;d<m.length;d+=1)p();var g=function(e){s[e].forEach((function(n){var i=n.feature,a=t[e],o=r[a.source].getFeatureState(i.layer["source-layer"],i.id);i.source=i.layer.source,i.layer["source-layer"]&&(i.sourceLayer=i.layer["source-layer"]),i.state=o}))};for(var v in s)g(v);return s}(this._layers,this._serializedLayers,this.sourceCaches,e,r,this.placement.collisionIndex,this.placement.retainedQueryData)),this._flattenAndSortRenderedFeatures(c)},r.prototype.querySourceFeatures=function(e,r){r&&r.filter&&this._validate(t.validateStyle.filter,"querySourceFeatures.filter",r.filter,null,r);var n=this.sourceCaches[e];return n?function(t,e){for(var r=t.getRenderableIds().map((function(e){return t.getTileByID(e)})),n=[],i={},a=0;a<r.length;a++){var o=r[a],s=o.tileID.canonical.key;i[s]||(i[s]=!0,o.querySourceFeatures(n,e))}return n}(n,r):[]},r.prototype.addSourceType=function(t,e,n){return r.getSourceType(t)?n(new Error('A source type called "'+t+'" already exists.')):(r.setSourceType(t,e),e.workerSourceURL?void this.dispatcher.broadcast("loadWorkerSource",{name:t,url:e.workerSourceURL},n):n(null,null))},r.prototype.getLight=function(){return this.light.getLight()},r.prototype.setLight=function(e,r){void 0===r&&(r={}),this._checkLoaded();var n=this.light.getLight(),i=!1;for(var a in e)if(!t.deepEqual(e[a],n[a])){i=!0;break}if(i){var o={now:t.browser.now(),transition:t.extend({duration:300,delay:0},this.stylesheet.transition)};this.light.setLight(e,r),this.light.updateTransitions(o)}},r.prototype._validate=function(e,r,n,i,a){return void 0===a&&(a={}),(!a||!1!==a.validate)&&je(this,e.call(t.validateStyle,t.extend({key:r,style:this.serialize(),value:n,styleSpec:t.styleSpec},i)))},r.prototype._remove=function(){for(var e in this._request&&(this._request.cancel(),this._request=null),this._spriteRequest&&(this._spriteRequest.cancel(),this._spriteRequest=null),t.evented.off("pluginStateChange",this._rtlTextPluginCallback),this._layers){this._layers[e].setEventedParent(null)}for(var r in this.sourceCaches)this.sourceCaches[r].clearTiles(),this.sourceCaches[r].setEventedParent(null);this.imageManager.setEventedParent(null),this.setEventedParent(null),this.dispatcher.remove()},r.prototype._clearSource=function(t){this.sourceCaches[t].clearTiles()},r.prototype._reloadSource=function(t){this.sourceCaches[t].resume(),this.sourceCaches[t].reload()},r.prototype._updateSources=function(t){for(var e in this.sourceCaches)this.sourceCaches[e].update(t)},r.prototype._generateCollisionBoxes=function(){for(var t in this.sourceCaches)this._reloadSource(t)},r.prototype._updatePlacement=function(e,r,n,i,a){void 0===a&&(a=!1);for(var o=!1,s=!1,l={},c=0,u=this._order;c<u.length;c+=1){var f=u[c],h=this._layers[f];if("symbol"===h.type){if(!l[h.source]){var p=this.sourceCaches[h.source];l[h.source]=p.getRenderableIds(!0).map((function(t){return p.getTileByID(t)})).sort((function(t,e){return e.tileID.overscaledZ-t.tileID.overscaledZ||(t.tileID.isLessThan(e.tileID)?-1:1)}))}var d=this.crossTileSymbolIndex.addLayer(h,l[h.source],e.center.lng);o=o||d}}if(this.crossTileSymbolIndex.pruneUnusedLayers(this._order),((a=a||this._layerOrderChanged||0===n)||!this.pauseablePlacement||this.pauseablePlacement.isDone()&&!this.placement.stillRecent(t.browser.now(),e.zoom))&&(this.pauseablePlacement=new ze(e,this._order,a,r,n,i,this.placement),this._layerOrderChanged=!1),this.pauseablePlacement.isDone()?this.placement.setStale():(this.pauseablePlacement.continuePlacement(this._order,this._layers,l),this.pauseablePlacement.isDone()&&(this.placement=this.pauseablePlacement.commit(t.browser.now()),s=!0),o&&this.pauseablePlacement.placement.setStale()),s||o)for(var m=0,g=this._order;m<g.length;m+=1){var v=g[m],y=this._layers[v];"symbol"===y.type&&this.placement.updateLayerOpacities(y,l[y.source])}return!this.pauseablePlacement.isDone()||this.placement.hasTransitions(t.browser.now())},r.prototype._releaseSymbolFadeTiles=function(){for(var t in this.sourceCaches)this.sourceCaches[t].releaseSymbolFadeTiles()},r.prototype.getImages=function(t,e,r){this.imageManager.getImages(e.icons,r),this._updateTilesForChangedImages();var n=this.sourceCaches[e.source];n&&n.setDependencies(e.tileID.key,e.type,e.icons)},r.prototype.getGlyphs=function(t,e,r){this.glyphManager.getGlyphs(e.stacks,r)},r.prototype.getResource=function(e,r,n){return t.makeRequest(r,n)},r}(t.Evented);qe.getSourceType=function(t){return D[t]},qe.setSourceType=function(t,e){D[t]=e},qe.registerForPluginStateChange=t.registerForPluginStateChange;var Ge=t.createLayout([{name:"a_pos",type:"Int16",components:2}]),Ye=yr("#ifdef GL_ES\nprecision mediump float;\n#else\n#if !defined(lowp)\n#define lowp\n#endif\n#if !defined(mediump)\n#define mediump\n#endif\n#if !defined(highp)\n#define highp\n#endif\n#endif","#ifdef GL_ES\nprecision highp float;\n#else\n#if !defined(lowp)\n#define lowp\n#endif\n#if !defined(mediump)\n#define mediump\n#endif\n#if !defined(highp)\n#define highp\n#endif\n#endif\nvec2 unpack_float(const float packedValue) {int packedIntValue=int(packedValue);int v0=packedIntValue/256;return vec2(v0,packedIntValue-v0*256);}vec2 unpack_opacity(const float packedOpacity) {int intOpacity=int(packedOpacity)/2;return vec2(float(intOpacity)/127.0,mod(packedOpacity,2.0));}vec4 decode_color(const vec2 encodedColor) {return vec4(unpack_float(encodedColor[0])/255.0,unpack_float(encodedColor[1])/255.0\n);}float unpack_mix_vec2(const vec2 packedValue,const float t) {return mix(packedValue[0],packedValue[1],t);}vec4 unpack_mix_color(const vec4 packedColors,const float t) {vec4 minColor=decode_color(vec2(packedColors[0],packedColors[1]));vec4 maxColor=decode_color(vec2(packedColors[2],packedColors[3]));return mix(minColor,maxColor,t);}vec2 get_pattern_pos(const vec2 pixel_coord_upper,const vec2 pixel_coord_lower,const vec2 pattern_size,const float tile_units_to_pixels,const vec2 pos) {vec2 offset=mod(mod(mod(pixel_coord_upper,pattern_size)*256.0,pattern_size)*256.0+pixel_coord_lower,pattern_size);return (tile_units_to_pixels*pos+offset)/pattern_size;}"),We=yr("uniform vec4 u_color;uniform float u_opacity;void main() {gl_FragColor=u_color*u_opacity;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","attribute vec2 a_pos;uniform mat4 u_matrix;void main() {gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);}"),Ze=yr("uniform vec2 u_pattern_tl_a;uniform vec2 u_pattern_br_a;uniform vec2 u_pattern_tl_b;uniform vec2 u_pattern_br_b;uniform vec2 u_texsize;uniform float u_mix;uniform float u_opacity;uniform sampler2D u_image;varying vec2 v_pos_a;varying vec2 v_pos_b;void main() {vec2 imagecoord=mod(v_pos_a,1.0);vec2 pos=mix(u_pattern_tl_a/u_texsize,u_pattern_br_a/u_texsize,imagecoord);vec4 color1=texture2D(u_image,pos);vec2 imagecoord_b=mod(v_pos_b,1.0);vec2 pos2=mix(u_pattern_tl_b/u_texsize,u_pattern_br_b/u_texsize,imagecoord_b);vec4 color2=texture2D(u_image,pos2);gl_FragColor=mix(color1,color2,u_mix)*u_opacity;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec2 u_pattern_size_a;uniform vec2 u_pattern_size_b;uniform vec2 u_pixel_coord_upper;uniform vec2 u_pixel_coord_lower;uniform float u_scale_a;uniform float u_scale_b;uniform float u_tile_units_to_pixels;attribute vec2 a_pos;varying vec2 v_pos_a;varying vec2 v_pos_b;void main() {gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);v_pos_a=get_pattern_pos(u_pixel_coord_upper,u_pixel_coord_lower,u_scale_a*u_pattern_size_a,u_tile_units_to_pixels,a_pos);v_pos_b=get_pattern_pos(u_pixel_coord_upper,u_pixel_coord_lower,u_scale_b*u_pattern_size_b,u_tile_units_to_pixels,a_pos);}"),Xe=yr("varying vec3 v_data;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float radius\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 stroke_color\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float stroke_width\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float stroke_opacity\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float radius\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 stroke_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float stroke_width\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float stroke_opacity\nvec2 extrude=v_data.xy;float extrude_length=length(extrude);lowp float antialiasblur=v_data.z;float antialiased_blur=-max(blur,antialiasblur);float opacity_t=smoothstep(0.0,antialiased_blur,extrude_length-1.0);float color_t=stroke_width < 0.01 ? 0.0 : smoothstep(antialiased_blur,0.0,extrude_length-radius/(radius+stroke_width));gl_FragColor=opacity_t*mix(color*opacity,stroke_color*stroke_opacity,color_t);\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform bool u_scale_with_map;uniform bool u_pitch_with_map;uniform vec2 u_extrude_scale;uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;uniform highp float u_camera_to_center_distance;attribute vec2 a_pos;varying vec3 v_data;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float radius\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 stroke_color\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float stroke_width\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float stroke_opacity\nvoid main(void) {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float radius\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 stroke_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float stroke_width\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float stroke_opacity\nvec2 extrude=vec2(mod(a_pos,2.0)*2.0-1.0);vec2 circle_center=floor(a_pos*0.5);if (u_pitch_with_map) {vec2 corner_position=circle_center;if (u_scale_with_map) {corner_position+=extrude*(radius+stroke_width)*u_extrude_scale;} else {vec4 projected_center=u_matrix*vec4(circle_center,0,1);corner_position+=extrude*(radius+stroke_width)*u_extrude_scale*(projected_center.w/u_camera_to_center_distance);}gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(corner_position,0,1);} else {gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(circle_center,0,1);if (u_scale_with_map) {gl_Position.xy+=extrude*(radius+stroke_width)*u_extrude_scale*u_camera_to_center_distance;} else {gl_Position.xy+=extrude*(radius+stroke_width)*u_extrude_scale*gl_Position.w;}}lowp float antialiasblur=1.0/u_device_pixel_ratio/(radius+stroke_width);v_data=vec3(extrude.x,extrude.y,antialiasblur);}"),Je=yr("void main() {gl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);}","attribute vec2 a_pos;uniform mat4 u_matrix;void main() {gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);}"),Ke=yr("uniform highp float u_intensity;varying vec2 v_extrude;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp float weight\n#define GAUSS_COEF 0.3989422804014327\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp float weight\nfloat d=-0.5*3.0*3.0*dot(v_extrude,v_extrude);float val=weight*u_intensity*GAUSS_COEF*exp(d);gl_FragColor=vec4(val,1.0,1.0,1.0);\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform float u_extrude_scale;uniform float u_opacity;uniform float u_intensity;attribute vec2 a_pos;varying vec2 v_extrude;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp float weight\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float radius\nconst highp float ZERO=1.0/255.0/16.0;\n#define GAUSS_COEF 0.3989422804014327\nvoid main(void) {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp float weight\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float radius\nvec2 unscaled_extrude=vec2(mod(a_pos,2.0)*2.0-1.0);float S=sqrt(-2.0*log(ZERO/weight/u_intensity/GAUSS_COEF))/3.0;v_extrude=S*unscaled_extrude;vec2 extrude=v_extrude*radius*u_extrude_scale;vec4 pos=vec4(floor(a_pos*0.5)+extrude,0,1);gl_Position=u_matrix*pos;}"),Qe=yr("uniform sampler2D u_image;uniform sampler2D u_color_ramp;uniform float u_opacity;varying vec2 v_pos;void main() {float t=texture2D(u_image,v_pos).r;vec4 color=texture2D(u_color_ramp,vec2(t,0.5));gl_FragColor=color*u_opacity;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(0.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec2 u_world;attribute vec2 a_pos;varying vec2 v_pos;void main() {gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos*u_world,0,1);v_pos.x=a_pos.x;v_pos.y=1.0-a_pos.y;}"),$e=yr("varying float v_placed;varying float v_notUsed;void main() {float alpha=0.5;gl_FragColor=vec4(1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0)*alpha;if (v_placed > 0.5) {gl_FragColor=vec4(0.0,0.0,1.0,0.5)*alpha;}if (v_notUsed > 0.5) {gl_FragColor*=.1;}}","attribute vec2 a_pos;attribute vec2 a_anchor_pos;attribute vec2 a_extrude;attribute vec2 a_placed;attribute vec2 a_shift;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec2 u_extrude_scale;uniform float u_camera_to_center_distance;varying float v_placed;varying float v_notUsed;void main() {vec4 projectedPoint=u_matrix*vec4(a_anchor_pos,0,1);highp float camera_to_anchor_distance=projectedPoint.w;highp float collision_perspective_ratio=clamp(0.5+0.5*(u_camera_to_center_distance/camera_to_anchor_distance),0.0,4.0);gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0.0,1.0);gl_Position.xy+=(a_extrude+a_shift)*u_extrude_scale*gl_Position.w*collision_perspective_ratio;v_placed=a_placed.x;v_notUsed=a_placed.y;}"),tr=yr("varying float v_radius;varying vec2 v_extrude;varying float v_perspective_ratio;varying float v_collision;void main() {float alpha=0.5*min(v_perspective_ratio,1.0);float stroke_radius=0.9*max(v_perspective_ratio,1.0);float distance_to_center=length(v_extrude);float distance_to_edge=abs(distance_to_center-v_radius);float opacity_t=smoothstep(-stroke_radius,0.0,-distance_to_edge);vec4 color=mix(vec4(0.0,0.0,1.0,0.5),vec4(1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0),v_collision);gl_FragColor=color*alpha*opacity_t;}","attribute vec2 a_pos;attribute float a_radius;attribute vec2 a_flags;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform mat4 u_inv_matrix;uniform vec2 u_viewport_size;uniform float u_camera_to_center_distance;varying float v_radius;varying vec2 v_extrude;varying float v_perspective_ratio;varying float v_collision;vec3 toTilePosition(vec2 screenPos) {vec4 rayStart=u_inv_matrix*vec4(screenPos,-1.0,1.0);vec4 rayEnd =u_inv_matrix*vec4(screenPos, 1.0,1.0);rayStart.xyz/=rayStart.w;rayEnd.xyz /=rayEnd.w;highp float t=(0.0-rayStart.z)/(rayEnd.z-rayStart.z);return mix(rayStart.xyz,rayEnd.xyz,t);}void main() {vec2 quadCenterPos=a_pos;float radius=a_radius;float collision=a_flags.x;float vertexIdx=a_flags.y;vec2 quadVertexOffset=vec2(mix(-1.0,1.0,float(vertexIdx >=2.0)),mix(-1.0,1.0,float(vertexIdx >=1.0 && vertexIdx <=2.0)));vec2 quadVertexExtent=quadVertexOffset*radius;vec3 tilePos=toTilePosition(quadCenterPos);vec4 clipPos=u_matrix*vec4(tilePos,1.0);highp float camera_to_anchor_distance=clipPos.w;highp float collision_perspective_ratio=clamp(0.5+0.5*(u_camera_to_center_distance/camera_to_anchor_distance),0.0,4.0);float padding_factor=1.2;v_radius=radius;v_extrude=quadVertexExtent*padding_factor;v_perspective_ratio=collision_perspective_ratio;v_collision=collision;gl_Position=vec4(clipPos.xyz/clipPos.w,1.0)+vec4(quadVertexExtent*padding_factor/u_viewport_size*2.0,0.0,0.0);}"),er=yr("uniform highp vec4 u_color;uniform sampler2D u_overlay;varying vec2 v_uv;void main() {vec4 overlay_color=texture2D(u_overlay,v_uv);gl_FragColor=mix(u_color,overlay_color,overlay_color.a);}","attribute vec2 a_pos;varying vec2 v_uv;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform float u_overlay_scale;void main() {v_uv=a_pos/8192.0;gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos*u_overlay_scale,0,1);}"),rr=yr("#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\ngl_FragColor=color*opacity;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","attribute vec2 a_pos;uniform mat4 u_matrix;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\ngl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);}"),nr=yr("varying vec2 v_pos;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 outline_color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 outline_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\nfloat dist=length(v_pos-gl_FragCoord.xy);float alpha=1.0-smoothstep(0.0,1.0,dist);gl_FragColor=outline_color*(alpha*opacity);\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","attribute vec2 a_pos;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec2 u_world;varying vec2 v_pos;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 outline_color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 outline_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\ngl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);v_pos=(gl_Position.xy/gl_Position.w+1.0)/2.0*u_world;}"),ir=yr("uniform vec2 u_texsize;uniform sampler2D u_image;uniform float u_fade;varying vec2 v_pos_a;varying vec2 v_pos_b;varying vec2 v_pos;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_to\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_to\nvec2 pattern_tl_a=pattern_from.xy;vec2 pattern_br_a=pattern_from.zw;vec2 pattern_tl_b=pattern_to.xy;vec2 pattern_br_b=pattern_to.zw;vec2 imagecoord=mod(v_pos_a,1.0);vec2 pos=mix(pattern_tl_a/u_texsize,pattern_br_a/u_texsize,imagecoord);vec4 color1=texture2D(u_image,pos);vec2 imagecoord_b=mod(v_pos_b,1.0);vec2 pos2=mix(pattern_tl_b/u_texsize,pattern_br_b/u_texsize,imagecoord_b);vec4 color2=texture2D(u_image,pos2);float dist=length(v_pos-gl_FragCoord.xy);float alpha=1.0-smoothstep(0.0,1.0,dist);gl_FragColor=mix(color1,color2,u_fade)*alpha*opacity;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec2 u_world;uniform vec2 u_pixel_coord_upper;uniform vec2 u_pixel_coord_lower;uniform vec3 u_scale;attribute vec2 a_pos;varying vec2 v_pos_a;varying vec2 v_pos_b;varying vec2 v_pos;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_to\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_to\nvec2 pattern_tl_a=pattern_from.xy;vec2 pattern_br_a=pattern_from.zw;vec2 pattern_tl_b=pattern_to.xy;vec2 pattern_br_b=pattern_to.zw;float tileRatio=u_scale.x;float fromScale=u_scale.y;float toScale=u_scale.z;gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);vec2 display_size_a=(pattern_br_a-pattern_tl_a)/pixel_ratio_from;vec2 display_size_b=(pattern_br_b-pattern_tl_b)/pixel_ratio_to;v_pos_a=get_pattern_pos(u_pixel_coord_upper,u_pixel_coord_lower,fromScale*display_size_a,tileRatio,a_pos);v_pos_b=get_pattern_pos(u_pixel_coord_upper,u_pixel_coord_lower,toScale*display_size_b,tileRatio,a_pos);v_pos=(gl_Position.xy/gl_Position.w+1.0)/2.0*u_world;}"),ar=yr("uniform vec2 u_texsize;uniform float u_fade;uniform sampler2D u_image;varying vec2 v_pos_a;varying vec2 v_pos_b;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_to\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_to\nvec2 pattern_tl_a=pattern_from.xy;vec2 pattern_br_a=pattern_from.zw;vec2 pattern_tl_b=pattern_to.xy;vec2 pattern_br_b=pattern_to.zw;vec2 imagecoord=mod(v_pos_a,1.0);vec2 pos=mix(pattern_tl_a/u_texsize,pattern_br_a/u_texsize,imagecoord);vec4 color1=texture2D(u_image,pos);vec2 imagecoord_b=mod(v_pos_b,1.0);vec2 pos2=mix(pattern_tl_b/u_texsize,pattern_br_b/u_texsize,imagecoord_b);vec4 color2=texture2D(u_image,pos2);gl_FragColor=mix(color1,color2,u_fade)*opacity;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec2 u_pixel_coord_upper;uniform vec2 u_pixel_coord_lower;uniform vec3 u_scale;attribute vec2 a_pos;varying vec2 v_pos_a;varying vec2 v_pos_b;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_to\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_to\nvec2 pattern_tl_a=pattern_from.xy;vec2 pattern_br_a=pattern_from.zw;vec2 pattern_tl_b=pattern_to.xy;vec2 pattern_br_b=pattern_to.zw;float tileZoomRatio=u_scale.x;float fromScale=u_scale.y;float toScale=u_scale.z;vec2 display_size_a=(pattern_br_a-pattern_tl_a)/pixel_ratio_from;vec2 display_size_b=(pattern_br_b-pattern_tl_b)/pixel_ratio_to;gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);v_pos_a=get_pattern_pos(u_pixel_coord_upper,u_pixel_coord_lower,fromScale*display_size_a,tileZoomRatio,a_pos);v_pos_b=get_pattern_pos(u_pixel_coord_upper,u_pixel_coord_lower,toScale*display_size_b,tileZoomRatio,a_pos);}"),or=yr("varying vec4 v_color;void main() {gl_FragColor=v_color;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec3 u_lightcolor;uniform lowp vec3 u_lightpos;uniform lowp float u_lightintensity;uniform float u_vertical_gradient;uniform lowp float u_opacity;attribute vec2 a_pos;attribute vec4 a_normal_ed;varying vec4 v_color;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp float base\n#pragma mapbox: define highp float height\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 color\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp float base\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp float height\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 color\nvec3 normal=a_normal_ed.xyz;base=max(0.0,base);height=max(0.0,height);float t=mod(normal.x,2.0);gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,t > 0.0 ? height : base,1);float colorvalue=color.r*0.2126+color.g*0.7152+color.b*0.0722;v_color=vec4(0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0);vec4 ambientlight=vec4(0.03,0.03,0.03,1.0);color+=ambientlight;float directional=clamp(dot(normal/16384.0,u_lightpos),0.0,1.0);directional=mix((1.0-u_lightintensity),max((1.0-colorvalue+u_lightintensity),1.0),directional);if (normal.y !=0.0) {directional*=((1.0-u_vertical_gradient)+(u_vertical_gradient*clamp((t+base)*pow(height/150.0,0.5),mix(0.7,0.98,1.0-u_lightintensity),1.0)));}v_color.r+=clamp(color.r*directional*u_lightcolor.r,mix(0.0,0.3,1.0-u_lightcolor.r),1.0);v_color.g+=clamp(color.g*directional*u_lightcolor.g,mix(0.0,0.3,1.0-u_lightcolor.g),1.0);v_color.b+=clamp(color.b*directional*u_lightcolor.b,mix(0.0,0.3,1.0-u_lightcolor.b),1.0);v_color*=u_opacity;}"),sr=yr("uniform vec2 u_texsize;uniform float u_fade;uniform sampler2D u_image;varying vec2 v_pos_a;varying vec2 v_pos_b;varying vec4 v_lighting;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float base\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float height\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_to\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float base\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float height\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_to\nvec2 pattern_tl_a=pattern_from.xy;vec2 pattern_br_a=pattern_from.zw;vec2 pattern_tl_b=pattern_to.xy;vec2 pattern_br_b=pattern_to.zw;vec2 imagecoord=mod(v_pos_a,1.0);vec2 pos=mix(pattern_tl_a/u_texsize,pattern_br_a/u_texsize,imagecoord);vec4 color1=texture2D(u_image,pos);vec2 imagecoord_b=mod(v_pos_b,1.0);vec2 pos2=mix(pattern_tl_b/u_texsize,pattern_br_b/u_texsize,imagecoord_b);vec4 color2=texture2D(u_image,pos2);vec4 mixedColor=mix(color1,color2,u_fade);gl_FragColor=mixedColor*v_lighting;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec2 u_pixel_coord_upper;uniform vec2 u_pixel_coord_lower;uniform float u_height_factor;uniform vec3 u_scale;uniform float u_vertical_gradient;uniform lowp float u_opacity;uniform vec3 u_lightcolor;uniform lowp vec3 u_lightpos;uniform lowp float u_lightintensity;attribute vec2 a_pos;attribute vec4 a_normal_ed;varying vec2 v_pos_a;varying vec2 v_pos_b;varying vec4 v_lighting;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float base\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float height\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_to\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float base\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float height\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_to\nvec2 pattern_tl_a=pattern_from.xy;vec2 pattern_br_a=pattern_from.zw;vec2 pattern_tl_b=pattern_to.xy;vec2 pattern_br_b=pattern_to.zw;float tileRatio=u_scale.x;float fromScale=u_scale.y;float toScale=u_scale.z;vec3 normal=a_normal_ed.xyz;float edgedistance=a_normal_ed.w;vec2 display_size_a=(pattern_br_a-pattern_tl_a)/pixel_ratio_from;vec2 display_size_b=(pattern_br_b-pattern_tl_b)/pixel_ratio_to;base=max(0.0,base);height=max(0.0,height);float t=mod(normal.x,2.0);float z=t > 0.0 ? height : base;gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,z,1);vec2 pos=normal.x==1.0 && normal.y==0.0 && normal.z==16384.0\n? a_pos\n: vec2(edgedistance,z*u_height_factor);v_pos_a=get_pattern_pos(u_pixel_coord_upper,u_pixel_coord_lower,fromScale*display_size_a,tileRatio,pos);v_pos_b=get_pattern_pos(u_pixel_coord_upper,u_pixel_coord_lower,toScale*display_size_b,tileRatio,pos);v_lighting=vec4(0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0);float directional=clamp(dot(normal/16383.0,u_lightpos),0.0,1.0);directional=mix((1.0-u_lightintensity),max((0.5+u_lightintensity),1.0),directional);if (normal.y !=0.0) {directional*=((1.0-u_vertical_gradient)+(u_vertical_gradient*clamp((t+base)*pow(height/150.0,0.5),mix(0.7,0.98,1.0-u_lightintensity),1.0)));}v_lighting.rgb+=clamp(directional*u_lightcolor,mix(vec3(0.0),vec3(0.3),1.0-u_lightcolor),vec3(1.0));v_lighting*=u_opacity;}"),lr=yr("#ifdef GL_ES\nprecision highp float;\n#endif\nuniform sampler2D u_image;varying vec2 v_pos;uniform vec2 u_dimension;uniform float u_zoom;uniform float u_maxzoom;uniform vec4 u_unpack;float getElevation(vec2 coord,float bias) {vec4 data=texture2D(u_image,coord)*255.0;data.a=-1.0;return dot(data,u_unpack)/4.0;}void main() {vec2 epsilon=1.0/u_dimension;float a=getElevation(v_pos+vec2(-epsilon.x,-epsilon.y),0.0);float b=getElevation(v_pos+vec2(0,-epsilon.y),0.0);float c=getElevation(v_pos+vec2(epsilon.x,-epsilon.y),0.0);float d=getElevation(v_pos+vec2(-epsilon.x,0),0.0);float e=getElevation(v_pos,0.0);float f=getElevation(v_pos+vec2(epsilon.x,0),0.0);float g=getElevation(v_pos+vec2(-epsilon.x,epsilon.y),0.0);float h=getElevation(v_pos+vec2(0,epsilon.y),0.0);float i=getElevation(v_pos+vec2(epsilon.x,epsilon.y),0.0);float exaggeration=u_zoom < 2.0 ? 0.4 : u_zoom < 4.5 ? 0.35 : 0.3;vec2 deriv=vec2((c+f+f+i)-(a+d+d+g),(g+h+h+i)-(a+b+b+c))/ pow(2.0,(u_zoom-u_maxzoom)*exaggeration+19.2562-u_zoom);gl_FragColor=clamp(vec4(deriv.x/2.0+0.5,deriv.y/2.0+0.5,1.0,1.0),0.0,1.0);\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec2 u_dimension;attribute vec2 a_pos;attribute vec2 a_texture_pos;varying vec2 v_pos;void main() {gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);highp vec2 epsilon=1.0/u_dimension;float scale=(u_dimension.x-2.0)/u_dimension.x;v_pos=(a_texture_pos/8192.0)*scale+epsilon;}"),cr=yr("uniform sampler2D u_image;varying vec2 v_pos;uniform vec2 u_latrange;uniform vec2 u_light;uniform vec4 u_shadow;uniform vec4 u_highlight;uniform vec4 u_accent;\n#define PI 3.141592653589793\nvoid main() {vec4 pixel=texture2D(u_image,v_pos);vec2 deriv=((pixel.rg*2.0)-1.0);float scaleFactor=cos(radians((u_latrange[0]-u_latrange[1])*(1.0-v_pos.y)+u_latrange[1]));float slope=atan(1.25*length(deriv)/scaleFactor);float aspect=deriv.x !=0.0 ? atan(deriv.y,-deriv.x) : PI/2.0*(deriv.y > 0.0 ? 1.0 :-1.0);float intensity=u_light.x;float azimuth=u_light.y+PI;float base=1.875-intensity*1.75;float maxValue=0.5*PI;float scaledSlope=intensity !=0.5 ? ((pow(base,slope)-1.0)/(pow(base,maxValue)-1.0))*maxValue : slope;float accent=cos(scaledSlope);vec4 accent_color=(1.0-accent)*u_accent*clamp(intensity*2.0,0.0,1.0);float shade=abs(mod((aspect+azimuth)/PI+0.5,2.0)-1.0);vec4 shade_color=mix(u_shadow,u_highlight,shade)*sin(scaledSlope)*clamp(intensity*2.0,0.0,1.0);gl_FragColor=accent_color*(1.0-shade_color.a)+shade_color;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;attribute vec2 a_pos;attribute vec2 a_texture_pos;varying vec2 v_pos;void main() {gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);v_pos=a_texture_pos/8192.0;}"),ur=yr("uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;varying vec2 v_width2;varying vec2 v_normal;varying float v_gamma_scale;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\nfloat dist=length(v_normal)*v_width2.s;float blur2=(blur+1.0/u_device_pixel_ratio)*v_gamma_scale;float alpha=clamp(min(dist-(v_width2.t-blur2),v_width2.s-dist)/blur2,0.0,1.0);gl_FragColor=color*(alpha*opacity);\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","\n#define scale 0.015873016\nattribute vec2 a_pos_normal;attribute vec4 a_data;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform mediump float u_ratio;uniform vec2 u_units_to_pixels;uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;varying vec2 v_normal;varying vec2 v_width2;varying float v_gamma_scale;varying highp float v_linesofar;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float gapwidth\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float offset\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float width\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float gapwidth\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float offset\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float width\nfloat ANTIALIASING=1.0/u_device_pixel_ratio/2.0;vec2 a_extrude=a_data.xy-128.0;float a_direction=mod(a_data.z,4.0)-1.0;v_linesofar=(floor(a_data.z/4.0)+a_data.w*64.0)*2.0;vec2 pos=floor(a_pos_normal*0.5);mediump vec2 normal=a_pos_normal-2.0*pos;normal.y=normal.y*2.0-1.0;v_normal=normal;gapwidth=gapwidth/2.0;float halfwidth=width/2.0;offset=-1.0*offset;float inset=gapwidth+(gapwidth > 0.0 ? ANTIALIASING : 0.0);float outset=gapwidth+halfwidth*(gapwidth > 0.0 ? 2.0 : 1.0)+(halfwidth==0.0 ? 0.0 : ANTIALIASING);mediump vec2 dist=outset*a_extrude*scale;mediump float u=0.5*a_direction;mediump float t=1.0-abs(u);mediump vec2 offset2=offset*a_extrude*scale*normal.y*mat2(t,-u,u,t);vec4 projected_extrude=u_matrix*vec4(dist/u_ratio,0.0,0.0);gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(pos+offset2/u_ratio,0.0,1.0)+projected_extrude;float extrude_length_without_perspective=length(dist);float extrude_length_with_perspective=length(projected_extrude.xy/gl_Position.w*u_units_to_pixels);v_gamma_scale=extrude_length_without_perspective/extrude_length_with_perspective;v_width2=vec2(outset,inset);}"),fr=yr("uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;uniform sampler2D u_image;varying vec2 v_width2;varying vec2 v_normal;varying float v_gamma_scale;varying highp float v_lineprogress;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\nfloat dist=length(v_normal)*v_width2.s;float blur2=(blur+1.0/u_device_pixel_ratio)*v_gamma_scale;float alpha=clamp(min(dist-(v_width2.t-blur2),v_width2.s-dist)/blur2,0.0,1.0);vec4 color=texture2D(u_image,vec2(v_lineprogress,0.5));gl_FragColor=color*(alpha*opacity);\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","\n#define MAX_LINE_DISTANCE 32767.0\n#define scale 0.015873016\nattribute vec2 a_pos_normal;attribute vec4 a_data;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform mediump float u_ratio;uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;uniform vec2 u_units_to_pixels;varying vec2 v_normal;varying vec2 v_width2;varying float v_gamma_scale;varying highp float v_lineprogress;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float gapwidth\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float offset\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float width\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float gapwidth\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float offset\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float width\nfloat ANTIALIASING=1.0/u_device_pixel_ratio/2.0;vec2 a_extrude=a_data.xy-128.0;float a_direction=mod(a_data.z,4.0)-1.0;v_lineprogress=(floor(a_data.z/4.0)+a_data.w*64.0)*2.0/MAX_LINE_DISTANCE;vec2 pos=floor(a_pos_normal*0.5);mediump vec2 normal=a_pos_normal-2.0*pos;normal.y=normal.y*2.0-1.0;v_normal=normal;gapwidth=gapwidth/2.0;float halfwidth=width/2.0;offset=-1.0*offset;float inset=gapwidth+(gapwidth > 0.0 ? ANTIALIASING : 0.0);float outset=gapwidth+halfwidth*(gapwidth > 0.0 ? 2.0 : 1.0)+(halfwidth==0.0 ? 0.0 : ANTIALIASING);mediump vec2 dist=outset*a_extrude*scale;mediump float u=0.5*a_direction;mediump float t=1.0-abs(u);mediump vec2 offset2=offset*a_extrude*scale*normal.y*mat2(t,-u,u,t);vec4 projected_extrude=u_matrix*vec4(dist/u_ratio,0.0,0.0);gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(pos+offset2/u_ratio,0.0,1.0)+projected_extrude;float extrude_length_without_perspective=length(dist);float extrude_length_with_perspective=length(projected_extrude.xy/gl_Position.w*u_units_to_pixels);v_gamma_scale=extrude_length_without_perspective/extrude_length_with_perspective;v_width2=vec2(outset,inset);}"),hr=yr("uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;uniform vec2 u_texsize;uniform float u_fade;uniform mediump vec3 u_scale;uniform sampler2D u_image;varying vec2 v_normal;varying vec2 v_width2;varying float v_linesofar;varying float v_gamma_scale;varying float v_width;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_to\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_to\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\nvec2 pattern_tl_a=pattern_from.xy;vec2 pattern_br_a=pattern_from.zw;vec2 pattern_tl_b=pattern_to.xy;vec2 pattern_br_b=pattern_to.zw;float tileZoomRatio=u_scale.x;float fromScale=u_scale.y;float toScale=u_scale.z;vec2 display_size_a=(pattern_br_a-pattern_tl_a)/pixel_ratio_from;vec2 display_size_b=(pattern_br_b-pattern_tl_b)/pixel_ratio_to;vec2 pattern_size_a=vec2(display_size_a.x*fromScale/tileZoomRatio,display_size_a.y);vec2 pattern_size_b=vec2(display_size_b.x*toScale/tileZoomRatio,display_size_b.y);float aspect_a=display_size_a.y/v_width;float aspect_b=display_size_b.y/v_width;float dist=length(v_normal)*v_width2.s;float blur2=(blur+1.0/u_device_pixel_ratio)*v_gamma_scale;float alpha=clamp(min(dist-(v_width2.t-blur2),v_width2.s-dist)/blur2,0.0,1.0);float x_a=mod(v_linesofar/pattern_size_a.x*aspect_a,1.0);float x_b=mod(v_linesofar/pattern_size_b.x*aspect_b,1.0);float y=0.5*v_normal.y+0.5;vec2 texel_size=1.0/u_texsize;vec2 pos_a=mix(pattern_tl_a*texel_size-texel_size,pattern_br_a*texel_size+texel_size,vec2(x_a,y));vec2 pos_b=mix(pattern_tl_b*texel_size-texel_size,pattern_br_b*texel_size+texel_size,vec2(x_b,y));vec4 color=mix(texture2D(u_image,pos_a),texture2D(u_image,pos_b),u_fade);gl_FragColor=color*alpha*opacity;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","\n#define scale 0.015873016\n#define LINE_DISTANCE_SCALE 2.0\nattribute vec2 a_pos_normal;attribute vec4 a_data;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec2 u_units_to_pixels;uniform mediump float u_ratio;uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;varying vec2 v_normal;varying vec2 v_width2;varying float v_linesofar;varying float v_gamma_scale;varying float v_width;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float offset\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float gapwidth\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float width\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float floorwidth\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float pixel_ratio_to\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float offset\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float gapwidth\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float width\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float floorwidth\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump vec4 pattern_to\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_from\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float pixel_ratio_to\nfloat ANTIALIASING=1.0/u_device_pixel_ratio/2.0;vec2 a_extrude=a_data.xy-128.0;float a_direction=mod(a_data.z,4.0)-1.0;float a_linesofar=(floor(a_data.z/4.0)+a_data.w*64.0)*LINE_DISTANCE_SCALE;vec2 pos=floor(a_pos_normal*0.5);mediump vec2 normal=a_pos_normal-2.0*pos;normal.y=normal.y*2.0-1.0;v_normal=normal;gapwidth=gapwidth/2.0;float halfwidth=width/2.0;offset=-1.0*offset;float inset=gapwidth+(gapwidth > 0.0 ? ANTIALIASING : 0.0);float outset=gapwidth+halfwidth*(gapwidth > 0.0 ? 2.0 : 1.0)+(halfwidth==0.0 ? 0.0 : ANTIALIASING);mediump vec2 dist=outset*a_extrude*scale;mediump float u=0.5*a_direction;mediump float t=1.0-abs(u);mediump vec2 offset2=offset*a_extrude*scale*normal.y*mat2(t,-u,u,t);vec4 projected_extrude=u_matrix*vec4(dist/u_ratio,0.0,0.0);gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(pos+offset2/u_ratio,0.0,1.0)+projected_extrude;float extrude_length_without_perspective=length(dist);float extrude_length_with_perspective=length(projected_extrude.xy/gl_Position.w*u_units_to_pixels);v_gamma_scale=extrude_length_without_perspective/extrude_length_with_perspective;v_linesofar=a_linesofar;v_width2=vec2(outset,inset);v_width=floorwidth;}"),pr=yr("uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;uniform sampler2D u_image;uniform float u_sdfgamma;uniform float u_mix;varying vec2 v_normal;varying vec2 v_width2;varying vec2 v_tex_a;varying vec2 v_tex_b;varying float v_gamma_scale;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float width\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float floorwidth\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float width\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float floorwidth\nfloat dist=length(v_normal)*v_width2.s;float blur2=(blur+1.0/u_device_pixel_ratio)*v_gamma_scale;float alpha=clamp(min(dist-(v_width2.t-blur2),v_width2.s-dist)/blur2,0.0,1.0);float sdfdist_a=texture2D(u_image,v_tex_a).a;float sdfdist_b=texture2D(u_image,v_tex_b).a;float sdfdist=mix(sdfdist_a,sdfdist_b,u_mix);alpha*=smoothstep(0.5-u_sdfgamma/floorwidth,0.5+u_sdfgamma/floorwidth,sdfdist);gl_FragColor=color*(alpha*opacity);\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","\n#define scale 0.015873016\n#define LINE_DISTANCE_SCALE 2.0\nattribute vec2 a_pos_normal;attribute vec4 a_data;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform mediump float u_ratio;uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;uniform vec2 u_patternscale_a;uniform float u_tex_y_a;uniform vec2 u_patternscale_b;uniform float u_tex_y_b;uniform vec2 u_units_to_pixels;varying vec2 v_normal;varying vec2 v_width2;varying vec2 v_tex_a;varying vec2 v_tex_b;varying float v_gamma_scale;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float gapwidth\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float offset\n#pragma mapbox: define mediump float width\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float floorwidth\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float blur\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float gapwidth\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float offset\n#pragma mapbox: initialize mediump float width\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float floorwidth\nfloat ANTIALIASING=1.0/u_device_pixel_ratio/2.0;vec2 a_extrude=a_data.xy-128.0;float a_direction=mod(a_data.z,4.0)-1.0;float a_linesofar=(floor(a_data.z/4.0)+a_data.w*64.0)*LINE_DISTANCE_SCALE;vec2 pos=floor(a_pos_normal*0.5);mediump vec2 normal=a_pos_normal-2.0*pos;normal.y=normal.y*2.0-1.0;v_normal=normal;gapwidth=gapwidth/2.0;float halfwidth=width/2.0;offset=-1.0*offset;float inset=gapwidth+(gapwidth > 0.0 ? ANTIALIASING : 0.0);float outset=gapwidth+halfwidth*(gapwidth > 0.0 ? 2.0 : 1.0)+(halfwidth==0.0 ? 0.0 : ANTIALIASING);mediump vec2 dist=outset*a_extrude*scale;mediump float u=0.5*a_direction;mediump float t=1.0-abs(u);mediump vec2 offset2=offset*a_extrude*scale*normal.y*mat2(t,-u,u,t);vec4 projected_extrude=u_matrix*vec4(dist/u_ratio,0.0,0.0);gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(pos+offset2/u_ratio,0.0,1.0)+projected_extrude;float extrude_length_without_perspective=length(dist);float extrude_length_with_perspective=length(projected_extrude.xy/gl_Position.w*u_units_to_pixels);v_gamma_scale=extrude_length_without_perspective/extrude_length_with_perspective;v_tex_a=vec2(a_linesofar*u_patternscale_a.x/floorwidth,normal.y*u_patternscale_a.y+u_tex_y_a);v_tex_b=vec2(a_linesofar*u_patternscale_b.x/floorwidth,normal.y*u_patternscale_b.y+u_tex_y_b);v_width2=vec2(outset,inset);}"),dr=yr("uniform float u_fade_t;uniform float u_opacity;uniform sampler2D u_image0;uniform sampler2D u_image1;varying vec2 v_pos0;varying vec2 v_pos1;uniform float u_brightness_low;uniform float u_brightness_high;uniform float u_saturation_factor;uniform float u_contrast_factor;uniform vec3 u_spin_weights;void main() {vec4 color0=texture2D(u_image0,v_pos0);vec4 color1=texture2D(u_image1,v_pos1);if (color0.a > 0.0) {color0.rgb=color0.rgb/color0.a;}if (color1.a > 0.0) {color1.rgb=color1.rgb/color1.a;}vec4 color=mix(color0,color1,u_fade_t);color.a*=u_opacity;vec3 rgb=color.rgb;rgb=vec3(dot(rgb,u_spin_weights.xyz),dot(rgb,u_spin_weights.zxy),dot(rgb,u_spin_weights.yzx));float average=(color.r+color.g+color.b)/3.0;rgb+=(average-rgb)*u_saturation_factor;rgb=(rgb-0.5)*u_contrast_factor+0.5;vec3 u_high_vec=vec3(u_brightness_low,u_brightness_low,u_brightness_low);vec3 u_low_vec=vec3(u_brightness_high,u_brightness_high,u_brightness_high);gl_FragColor=vec4(mix(u_high_vec,u_low_vec,rgb)*color.a,color.a);\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform vec2 u_tl_parent;uniform float u_scale_parent;uniform float u_buffer_scale;attribute vec2 a_pos;attribute vec2 a_texture_pos;varying vec2 v_pos0;varying vec2 v_pos1;void main() {gl_Position=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);v_pos0=(((a_texture_pos/8192.0)-0.5)/u_buffer_scale )+0.5;v_pos1=(v_pos0*u_scale_parent)+u_tl_parent;}"),mr=yr("uniform sampler2D u_texture;varying vec2 v_tex;varying float v_fade_opacity;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\nlowp float alpha=opacity*v_fade_opacity;gl_FragColor=texture2D(u_texture,v_tex)*alpha;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","const float PI=3.141592653589793;attribute vec4 a_pos_offset;attribute vec4 a_data;attribute vec4 a_pixeloffset;attribute vec3 a_projected_pos;attribute float a_fade_opacity;uniform bool u_is_size_zoom_constant;uniform bool u_is_size_feature_constant;uniform highp float u_size_t;uniform highp float u_size;uniform highp float u_camera_to_center_distance;uniform highp float u_pitch;uniform bool u_rotate_symbol;uniform highp float u_aspect_ratio;uniform float u_fade_change;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform mat4 u_label_plane_matrix;uniform mat4 u_coord_matrix;uniform bool u_is_text;uniform bool u_pitch_with_map;uniform vec2 u_texsize;varying vec2 v_tex;varying float v_fade_opacity;\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\nvec2 a_pos=a_pos_offset.xy;vec2 a_offset=a_pos_offset.zw;vec2 a_tex=a_data.xy;vec2 a_size=a_data.zw;float a_size_min=floor(a_size[0]*0.5);vec2 a_pxoffset=a_pixeloffset.xy;vec2 a_minFontScale=a_pixeloffset.zw/256.0;highp float segment_angle=-a_projected_pos[2];float size;if (!u_is_size_zoom_constant && !u_is_size_feature_constant) {size=mix(a_size_min,a_size[1],u_size_t)/128.0;} else if (u_is_size_zoom_constant && !u_is_size_feature_constant) {size=a_size_min/128.0;} else {size=u_size;}vec4 projectedPoint=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);highp float camera_to_anchor_distance=projectedPoint.w;highp float distance_ratio=u_pitch_with_map ?\ncamera_to_anchor_distance/u_camera_to_center_distance :\nu_camera_to_center_distance/camera_to_anchor_distance;highp float perspective_ratio=clamp(0.5+0.5*distance_ratio,0.0,4.0);size*=perspective_ratio;float fontScale=u_is_text ? size/24.0 : size;highp float symbol_rotation=0.0;if (u_rotate_symbol) {vec4 offsetProjectedPoint=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos+vec2(1,0),0,1);vec2 a=projectedPoint.xy/projectedPoint.w;vec2 b=offsetProjectedPoint.xy/offsetProjectedPoint.w;symbol_rotation=atan((b.y-a.y)/u_aspect_ratio,b.x-a.x);}highp float angle_sin=sin(segment_angle+symbol_rotation);highp float angle_cos=cos(segment_angle+symbol_rotation);mat2 rotation_matrix=mat2(angle_cos,-1.0*angle_sin,angle_sin,angle_cos);vec4 projected_pos=u_label_plane_matrix*vec4(a_projected_pos.xy,0.0,1.0);gl_Position=u_coord_matrix*vec4(projected_pos.xy/projected_pos.w+rotation_matrix*(a_offset/32.0*max(a_minFontScale,fontScale)+a_pxoffset/16.0),0.0,1.0);v_tex=a_tex/u_texsize;vec2 fade_opacity=unpack_opacity(a_fade_opacity);float fade_change=fade_opacity[1] > 0.5 ? u_fade_change :-u_fade_change;v_fade_opacity=max(0.0,min(1.0,fade_opacity[0]+fade_change));}"),gr=yr("#define SDF_PX 8.0\nuniform bool u_is_halo;uniform sampler2D u_texture;uniform highp float u_gamma_scale;uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;uniform bool u_is_text;varying vec2 v_data0;varying vec3 v_data1;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 fill_color\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 halo_color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float halo_width\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float halo_blur\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 fill_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 halo_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float halo_width\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float halo_blur\nfloat EDGE_GAMMA=0.105/u_device_pixel_ratio;vec2 tex=v_data0.xy;float gamma_scale=v_data1.x;float size=v_data1.y;float fade_opacity=v_data1[2];float fontScale=u_is_text ? size/24.0 : size;lowp vec4 color=fill_color;highp float gamma=EDGE_GAMMA/(fontScale*u_gamma_scale);lowp float buff=(256.0-64.0)/256.0;if (u_is_halo) {color=halo_color;gamma=(halo_blur*1.19/SDF_PX+EDGE_GAMMA)/(fontScale*u_gamma_scale);buff=(6.0-halo_width/fontScale)/SDF_PX;}lowp float dist=texture2D(u_texture,tex).a;highp float gamma_scaled=gamma*gamma_scale;highp float alpha=smoothstep(buff-gamma_scaled,buff+gamma_scaled,dist);gl_FragColor=color*(alpha*opacity*fade_opacity);\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","const float PI=3.141592653589793;attribute vec4 a_pos_offset;attribute vec4 a_data;attribute vec4 a_pixeloffset;attribute vec3 a_projected_pos;attribute float a_fade_opacity;uniform bool u_is_size_zoom_constant;uniform bool u_is_size_feature_constant;uniform highp float u_size_t;uniform highp float u_size;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform mat4 u_label_plane_matrix;uniform mat4 u_coord_matrix;uniform bool u_is_text;uniform bool u_pitch_with_map;uniform highp float u_pitch;uniform bool u_rotate_symbol;uniform highp float u_aspect_ratio;uniform highp float u_camera_to_center_distance;uniform float u_fade_change;uniform vec2 u_texsize;varying vec2 v_data0;varying vec3 v_data1;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 fill_color\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 halo_color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float halo_width\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float halo_blur\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 fill_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 halo_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float halo_width\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float halo_blur\nvec2 a_pos=a_pos_offset.xy;vec2 a_offset=a_pos_offset.zw;vec2 a_tex=a_data.xy;vec2 a_size=a_data.zw;float a_size_min=floor(a_size[0]*0.5);vec2 a_pxoffset=a_pixeloffset.xy;highp float segment_angle=-a_projected_pos[2];float size;if (!u_is_size_zoom_constant && !u_is_size_feature_constant) {size=mix(a_size_min,a_size[1],u_size_t)/128.0;} else if (u_is_size_zoom_constant && !u_is_size_feature_constant) {size=a_size_min/128.0;} else {size=u_size;}vec4 projectedPoint=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);highp float camera_to_anchor_distance=projectedPoint.w;highp float distance_ratio=u_pitch_with_map ?\ncamera_to_anchor_distance/u_camera_to_center_distance :\nu_camera_to_center_distance/camera_to_anchor_distance;highp float perspective_ratio=clamp(0.5+0.5*distance_ratio,0.0,4.0);size*=perspective_ratio;float fontScale=u_is_text ? size/24.0 : size;highp float symbol_rotation=0.0;if (u_rotate_symbol) {vec4 offsetProjectedPoint=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos+vec2(1,0),0,1);vec2 a=projectedPoint.xy/projectedPoint.w;vec2 b=offsetProjectedPoint.xy/offsetProjectedPoint.w;symbol_rotation=atan((b.y-a.y)/u_aspect_ratio,b.x-a.x);}highp float angle_sin=sin(segment_angle+symbol_rotation);highp float angle_cos=cos(segment_angle+symbol_rotation);mat2 rotation_matrix=mat2(angle_cos,-1.0*angle_sin,angle_sin,angle_cos);vec4 projected_pos=u_label_plane_matrix*vec4(a_projected_pos.xy,0.0,1.0);gl_Position=u_coord_matrix*vec4(projected_pos.xy/projected_pos.w+rotation_matrix*(a_offset/32.0*fontScale+a_pxoffset),0.0,1.0);float gamma_scale=gl_Position.w;vec2 fade_opacity=unpack_opacity(a_fade_opacity);float fade_change=fade_opacity[1] > 0.5 ? u_fade_change :-u_fade_change;float interpolated_fade_opacity=max(0.0,min(1.0,fade_opacity[0]+fade_change));v_data0=a_tex/u_texsize;v_data1=vec3(gamma_scale,size,interpolated_fade_opacity);}"),vr=yr("#define SDF_PX 8.0\n#define SDF 1.0\n#define ICON 0.0\nuniform bool u_is_halo;uniform sampler2D u_texture;uniform sampler2D u_texture_icon;uniform highp float u_gamma_scale;uniform lowp float u_device_pixel_ratio;varying vec4 v_data0;varying vec4 v_data1;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 fill_color\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 halo_color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float halo_width\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float halo_blur\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 fill_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 halo_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float halo_width\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float halo_blur\nfloat fade_opacity=v_data1[2];if (v_data1.w==ICON) {vec2 tex_icon=v_data0.zw;lowp float alpha=opacity*fade_opacity;gl_FragColor=texture2D(u_texture_icon,tex_icon)*alpha;\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\nreturn;}vec2 tex=v_data0.xy;float EDGE_GAMMA=0.105/u_device_pixel_ratio;float gamma_scale=v_data1.x;float size=v_data1.y;float fontScale=size/24.0;lowp vec4 color=fill_color;highp float gamma=EDGE_GAMMA/(fontScale*u_gamma_scale);lowp float buff=(256.0-64.0)/256.0;if (u_is_halo) {color=halo_color;gamma=(halo_blur*1.19/SDF_PX+EDGE_GAMMA)/(fontScale*u_gamma_scale);buff=(6.0-halo_width/fontScale)/SDF_PX;}lowp float dist=texture2D(u_texture,tex).a;highp float gamma_scaled=gamma*gamma_scale;highp float alpha=smoothstep(buff-gamma_scaled,buff+gamma_scaled,dist);gl_FragColor=color*(alpha*opacity*fade_opacity);\n#ifdef OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR\ngl_FragColor=vec4(1.0);\n#endif\n}","const float PI=3.141592653589793;attribute vec4 a_pos_offset;attribute vec4 a_data;attribute vec3 a_projected_pos;attribute float a_fade_opacity;uniform bool u_is_size_zoom_constant;uniform bool u_is_size_feature_constant;uniform highp float u_size_t;uniform highp float u_size;uniform mat4 u_matrix;uniform mat4 u_label_plane_matrix;uniform mat4 u_coord_matrix;uniform bool u_is_text;uniform bool u_pitch_with_map;uniform highp float u_pitch;uniform bool u_rotate_symbol;uniform highp float u_aspect_ratio;uniform highp float u_camera_to_center_distance;uniform float u_fade_change;uniform vec2 u_texsize;uniform vec2 u_texsize_icon;varying vec4 v_data0;varying vec4 v_data1;\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 fill_color\n#pragma mapbox: define highp vec4 halo_color\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float halo_width\n#pragma mapbox: define lowp float halo_blur\nvoid main() {\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 fill_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize highp vec4 halo_color\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float opacity\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float halo_width\n#pragma mapbox: initialize lowp float halo_blur\nvec2 a_pos=a_pos_offset.xy;vec2 a_offset=a_pos_offset.zw;vec2 a_tex=a_data.xy;vec2 a_size=a_data.zw;float a_size_min=floor(a_size[0]*0.5);float is_sdf=a_size[0]-2.0*a_size_min;highp float segment_angle=-a_projected_pos[2];float size;if (!u_is_size_zoom_constant && !u_is_size_feature_constant) {size=mix(a_size_min,a_size[1],u_size_t)/128.0;} else if (u_is_size_zoom_constant && !u_is_size_feature_constant) {size=a_size_min/128.0;} else {size=u_size;}vec4 projectedPoint=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos,0,1);highp float camera_to_anchor_distance=projectedPoint.w;highp float distance_ratio=u_pitch_with_map ?\ncamera_to_anchor_distance/u_camera_to_center_distance :\nu_camera_to_center_distance/camera_to_anchor_distance;highp float perspective_ratio=clamp(0.5+0.5*distance_ratio,0.0,4.0);size*=perspective_ratio;float fontScale=size/24.0;highp float symbol_rotation=0.0;if (u_rotate_symbol) {vec4 offsetProjectedPoint=u_matrix*vec4(a_pos+vec2(1,0),0,1);vec2 a=projectedPoint.xy/projectedPoint.w;vec2 b=offsetProjectedPoint.xy/offsetProjectedPoint.w;symbol_rotation=atan((b.y-a.y)/u_aspect_ratio,b.x-a.x);}highp float angle_sin=sin(segment_angle+symbol_rotation);highp float angle_cos=cos(segment_angle+symbol_rotation);mat2 rotation_matrix=mat2(angle_cos,-1.0*angle_sin,angle_sin,angle_cos);vec4 projected_pos=u_label_plane_matrix*vec4(a_projected_pos.xy,0.0,1.0);gl_Position=u_coord_matrix*vec4(projected_pos.xy/projected_pos.w+rotation_matrix*(a_offset/32.0*fontScale),0.0,1.0);float gamma_scale=gl_Position.w;vec2 fade_opacity=unpack_opacity(a_fade_opacity);float fade_change=fade_opacity[1] > 0.5 ? u_fade_change :-u_fade_change;float interpolated_fade_opacity=max(0.0,min(1.0,fade_opacity[0]+fade_change));v_data0.xy=a_tex/u_texsize;v_data0.zw=a_tex/u_texsize_icon;v_data1=vec4(gamma_scale,size,interpolated_fade_opacity,is_sdf);}");function yr(t,e){var r=/#pragma mapbox: ([\w]+) ([\w]+) ([\w]+) ([\w]+)/g,n={};return{fragmentSource:t=t.replace(r,(function(t,e,r,i,a){return n[a]=!0,"define"===e?"\n#ifndef HAS_UNIFORM_u_"+a+"\nvarying "+r+" "+i+" "+a+";\n#else\nuniform "+r+" "+i+" u_"+a+";\n#endif\n":"\n#ifdef HAS_UNIFORM_u_"+a+"\n "+r+" "+i+" "+a+" = u_"+a+";\n#endif\n"})),vertexSource:e=e.replace(r,(function(t,e,r,i,a){var o="float"===i?"vec2":"vec4",s=a.match(/color/)?"color":o;return n[a]?"define"===e?"\n#ifndef HAS_UNIFORM_u_"+a+"\nuniform lowp float u_"+a+"_t;\nattribute "+r+" "+o+" a_"+a+";\nvarying "+r+" "+i+" "+a+";\n#else\nuniform "+r+" "+i+" u_"+a+";\n#endif\n":"vec4"===s?"\n#ifndef HAS_UNIFORM_u_"+a+"\n "+a+" = a_"+a+";\n#else\n "+r+" "+i+" "+a+" = u_"+a+";\n#endif\n":"\n#ifndef HAS_UNIFORM_u_"+a+"\n "+a+" = unpack_mix_"+s+"(a_"+a+", u_"+a+"_t);\n#else\n "+r+" "+i+" "+a+" = u_"+a+";\n#endif\n":"define"===e?"\n#ifndef HAS_UNIFORM_u_"+a+"\nuniform lowp float u_"+a+"_t;\nattribute "+r+" "+o+" a_"+a+";\n#else\nuniform "+r+" "+i+" u_"+a+";\n#endif\n":"vec4"===s?"\n#ifndef HAS_UNIFORM_u_"+a+"\n "+r+" "+i+" "+a+" = a_"+a+";\n#else\n "+r+" "+i+" "+a+" = u_"+a+";\n#endif\n":"\n#ifndef HAS_UNIFORM_u_"+a+"\n "+r+" "+i+" "+a+" = unpack_mix_"+s+"(a_"+a+", u_"+a+"_t);\n#else\n "+r+" "+i+" "+a+" = u_"+a+";\n#endif\n"}))}}var xr=Object.freeze({__proto__:null,prelude:Ye,background:We,backgroundPattern:Ze,circle:Xe,clippingMask:Je,heatmap:Ke,heatmapTexture:Qe,collisionBox:$e,collisionCircle:tr,debug:er,fill:rr,fillOutline:nr,fillOutlinePattern:ir,fillPattern:ar,fillExtrusion:or,fillExtrusionPattern:sr,hillshadePrepare:lr,hillshade:cr,line:ur,lineGradient:fr,linePattern:hr,lineSDF:pr,raster:dr,symbolIcon:mr,symbolSDF:gr,symbolTextAndIcon:vr}),br=function(){this.boundProgram=null,this.boundLayoutVertexBuffer=null,this.boundPaintVertexBuffers=[],this.boundIndexBuffer=null,this.boundVertexOffset=null,this.boundDynamicVertexBuffer=null,this.vao=null};br.prototype.bind=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s){this.context=t;for(var l=this.boundPaintVertexBuffers.length!==n.length,c=0;!l&&c<n.length;c++)this.boundPaintVertexBuffers[c]!==n[c]&&(l=!0);var u=!this.vao||this.boundProgram!==e||this.boundLayoutVertexBuffer!==r||l||this.boundIndexBuffer!==i||this.boundVertexOffset!==a||this.boundDynamicVertexBuffer!==o||this.boundDynamicVertexBuffer2!==s;!t.extVertexArrayObject||u?this.freshBind(e,r,n,i,a,o,s):(t.bindVertexArrayOES.set(this.vao),o&&o.bind(),i&&i.dynamicDraw&&i.bind(),s&&s.bind())},br.prototype.freshBind=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s,l=t.numAttributes,c=this.context,u=c.gl;if(c.extVertexArrayObject)this.vao&&this.destroy(),this.vao=c.extVertexArrayObject.createVertexArrayOES(),c.bindVertexArrayOES.set(this.vao),s=0,this.boundProgram=t,this.boundLayoutVertexBuffer=e,this.boundPaintVertexBuffers=r,this.boundIndexBuffer=n,this.boundVertexOffset=i,this.boundDynamicVertexBuffer=a,this.boundDynamicVertexBuffer2=o;else{s=c.currentNumAttributes||0;for(var f=l;f<s;f++)u.disableVertexAttribArray(f)}e.enableAttributes(u,t);for(var h=0,p=r;h<p.length;h+=1){p[h].enableAttributes(u,t)}a&&a.enableAttributes(u,t),o&&o.enableAttributes(u,t),e.bind(),e.setVertexAttribPointers(u,t,i);for(var d=0,m=r;d<m.length;d+=1){var g=m[d];g.bind(),g.setVertexAttribPointers(u,t,i)}a&&(a.bind(),a.setVertexAttribPointers(u,t,i)),n&&n.bind(),o&&(o.bind(),o.setVertexAttribPointers(u,t,i)),c.currentNumAttributes=l},br.prototype.destroy=function(){this.vao&&(this.context.extVertexArrayObject.deleteVertexArrayOES(this.vao),this.vao=null)};var _r=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=t.gl;this.program=a.createProgram();var o=r?r.defines():[];i&&o.push("#define OVERDRAW_INSPECTOR;");var s=o.concat(Ye.fragmentSource,e.fragmentSource).join("\n"),l=o.concat(Ye.vertexSource,e.vertexSource).join("\n"),c=a.createShader(a.FRAGMENT_SHADER);if(a.isContextLost())this.failedToCreate=!0;else{a.shaderSource(c,s),a.compileShader(c),a.attachShader(this.program,c);var u=a.createShader(a.VERTEX_SHADER);if(a.isContextLost())this.failedToCreate=!0;else{a.shaderSource(u,l),a.compileShader(u),a.attachShader(this.program,u);for(var f=r?r.layoutAttributes:[],h=0;h<f.length;h++)a.bindAttribLocation(this.program,h,f[h].name);a.linkProgram(this.program),a.deleteShader(u),a.deleteShader(c),this.numAttributes=a.getProgramParameter(this.program,a.ACTIVE_ATTRIBUTES),this.attributes={};for(var p={},d=0;d<this.numAttributes;d++){var m=a.getActiveAttrib(this.program,d);m&&(this.attributes[m.name]=a.getAttribLocation(this.program,m.name))}for(var g=a.getProgramParameter(this.program,a.ACTIVE_UNIFORMS),v=0;v<g;v++){var y=a.getActiveUniform(this.program,v);y&&(p[y.name]=a.getUniformLocation(this.program,y.name))}this.fixedUniforms=n(t,p),this.binderUniforms=r?r.getUniforms(t,p):[]}}};function wr(t,e,r){var n=1/pe(r,1,e.transform.tileZoom),i=Math.pow(2,r.tileID.overscaledZ),a=r.tileSize*Math.pow(2,e.transform.tileZoom)/i,o=a*(r.tileID.canonical.x+r.tileID.wrap*i),s=a*r.tileID.canonical.y;return{u_image:0,u_texsize:r.imageAtlasTexture.size,u_scale:[n,t.fromScale,t.toScale],u_fade:t.t,u_pixel_coord_upper:[o>>16,s>>16],u_pixel_coord_lower:[65535&o,65535&s]}}_r.prototype.draw=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m){var g,v=t.gl;if(!this.failedToCreate){for(var y in t.program.set(this.program),t.setDepthMode(r),t.setStencilMode(n),t.setColorMode(i),t.setCullFace(a),this.fixedUniforms)this.fixedUniforms[y].set(o[y]);p&&p.setUniforms(t,this.binderUniforms,f,{zoom:h});for(var x=(g={},g[v.LINES]=2,g[v.TRIANGLES]=3,g[v.LINE_STRIP]=1,g)[e],b=0,_=u.get();b<_.length;b+=1){var w=_[b],T=w.vaos||(w.vaos={});(T[s]||(T[s]=new br)).bind(t,this,l,p?p.getPaintVertexBuffers():[],c,w.vertexOffset,d,m),v.drawElements(e,w.primitiveLength*x,v.UNSIGNED_SHORT,w.primitiveOffset*x*2)}}};var Tr=function(e,r,n,i){var a=r.style.light,o=a.properties.get("position"),s=[o.x,o.y,o.z],l=t.create$1();"viewport"===a.properties.get("anchor")&&t.fromRotation(l,-r.transform.angle),t.transformMat3(s,s,l);var c=a.properties.get("color");return{u_matrix:e,u_lightpos:s,u_lightintensity:a.properties.get("intensity"),u_lightcolor:[c.r,c.g,c.b],u_vertical_gradient:+n,u_opacity:i}},kr=function(e,r,n,i,a,o,s){return t.extend(Tr(e,r,n,i),wr(o,r,s),{u_height_factor:-Math.pow(2,a.overscaledZ)/s.tileSize/8})},Ar=function(t){return{u_matrix:t}},Mr=function(e,r,n,i){return t.extend(Ar(e),wr(n,r,i))},Sr=function(t,e){return{u_matrix:t,u_world:e}},Er=function(e,r,n,i,a){return t.extend(Mr(e,r,n,i),{u_world:a})},Lr=function(e,r,n,i){var a,o,s=e.transform;if("map"===i.paint.get("circle-pitch-alignment")){var l=pe(n,1,s.zoom);a=!0,o=[l,l]}else a=!1,o=s.pixelsToGLUnits;return{u_camera_to_center_distance:s.cameraToCenterDistance,u_scale_with_map:+("map"===i.paint.get("circle-pitch-scale")),u_matrix:e.translatePosMatrix(r.posMatrix,n,i.paint.get("circle-translate"),i.paint.get("circle-translate-anchor")),u_pitch_with_map:+a,u_device_pixel_ratio:t.browser.devicePixelRatio,u_extrude_scale:o}},Cr=function(t,e,r){var n=pe(r,1,e.zoom),i=Math.pow(2,e.zoom-r.tileID.overscaledZ),a=r.tileID.overscaleFactor();return{u_matrix:t,u_camera_to_center_distance:e.cameraToCenterDistance,u_pixels_to_tile_units:n,u_extrude_scale:[e.pixelsToGLUnits[0]/(n*i),e.pixelsToGLUnits[1]/(n*i)],u_overscale_factor:a}},Pr=function(t,e,r){return{u_matrix:t,u_inv_matrix:e,u_camera_to_center_distance:r.cameraToCenterDistance,u_viewport_size:[r.width,r.height]}},Ir=function(t,e,r){return void 0===r&&(r=1),{u_matrix:t,u_color:e,u_overlay:0,u_overlay_scale:r}},Or=function(t){return{u_matrix:t}},zr=function(t,e,r,n){return{u_matrix:t,u_extrude_scale:pe(e,1,r),u_intensity:n}};function Dr(e,r){var n=Math.pow(2,r.canonical.z),i=r.canonical.y;return[new t.MercatorCoordinate(0,i/n).toLngLat().lat,new t.MercatorCoordinate(0,(i+1)/n).toLngLat().lat]}var Rr=function(e,r,n){var i=e.transform;return{u_matrix:Ur(e,r,n),u_ratio:1/pe(r,1,i.zoom),u_device_pixel_ratio:t.browser.devicePixelRatio,u_units_to_pixels:[1/i.pixelsToGLUnits[0],1/i.pixelsToGLUnits[1]]}},Fr=function(e,r,n){return t.extend(Rr(e,r,n),{u_image:0})},Br=function(e,r,n,i){var a=e.transform,o=jr(r,a);return{u_matrix:Ur(e,r,n),u_texsize:r.imageAtlasTexture.size,u_ratio:1/pe(r,1,a.zoom),u_device_pixel_ratio:t.browser.devicePixelRatio,u_image:0,u_scale:[o,i.fromScale,i.toScale],u_fade:i.t,u_units_to_pixels:[1/a.pixelsToGLUnits[0],1/a.pixelsToGLUnits[1]]}},Nr=function(e,r,n,i,a){var o=e.transform,s=e.lineAtlas,l=jr(r,o),c="round"===n.layout.get("line-cap"),u=s.getDash(i.from,c),f=s.getDash(i.to,c),h=u.width*a.fromScale,p=f.width*a.toScale;return t.extend(Rr(e,r,n),{u_patternscale_a:[l/h,-u.height/2],u_patternscale_b:[l/p,-f.height/2],u_sdfgamma:s.width/(256*Math.min(h,p)*t.browser.devicePixelRatio)/2,u_image:0,u_tex_y_a:u.y,u_tex_y_b:f.y,u_mix:a.t})};function jr(t,e){return 1/pe(t,1,e.tileZoom)}function Ur(t,e,r){return t.translatePosMatrix(e.tileID.posMatrix,e,r.paint.get("line-translate"),r.paint.get("line-translate-anchor"))}var Vr=function(t,e,r,n,i){return{u_matrix:t,u_tl_parent:e,u_scale_parent:r,u_buffer_scale:1,u_fade_t:n.mix,u_opacity:n.opacity*i.paint.get("raster-opacity"),u_image0:0,u_image1:1,u_brightness_low:i.paint.get("raster-brightness-min"),u_brightness_high:i.paint.get("raster-brightness-max"),u_saturation_factor:(o=i.paint.get("raster-saturation"),o>0?1-1/(1.001-o):-o),u_contrast_factor:(a=i.paint.get("raster-contrast"),a>0?1/(1-a):1+a),u_spin_weights:Hr(i.paint.get("raster-hue-rotate"))};var a,o};function Hr(t){t*=Math.PI/180;var e=Math.sin(t),r=Math.cos(t);return[(2*r+1)/3,(-Math.sqrt(3)*e-r+1)/3,(Math.sqrt(3)*e-r+1)/3]}var qr,Gr=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c){var u=i.transform;return{u_is_size_zoom_constant:+("constant"===t||"source"===t),u_is_size_feature_constant:+("constant"===t||"camera"===t),u_size_t:e?e.uSizeT:0,u_size:e?e.uSize:0,u_camera_to_center_distance:u.cameraToCenterDistance,u_pitch:u.pitch/360*2*Math.PI,u_rotate_symbol:+r,u_aspect_ratio:u.width/u.height,u_fade_change:i.options.fadeDuration?i.symbolFadeChange:1,u_matrix:a,u_label_plane_matrix:o,u_coord_matrix:s,u_is_text:+l,u_pitch_with_map:+n,u_texsize:c,u_texture:0}},Yr=function(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f){var h=a.transform;return t.extend(Gr(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u),{u_gamma_scale:i?Math.cos(h._pitch)*h.cameraToCenterDistance:1,u_device_pixel_ratio:t.browser.devicePixelRatio,u_is_halo:+f})},Wr=function(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u){return t.extend(Yr(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,!0,c,!0),{u_texsize_icon:u,u_texture_icon:1})},Zr=function(t,e,r){return{u_matrix:t,u_opacity:e,u_color:r}},Xr=function(e,r,n,i,a,o){return t.extend(function(t,e,r,n){var i=r.imageManager.getPattern(t.from.toString()),a=r.imageManager.getPattern(t.to.toString()),o=r.imageManager.getPixelSize(),s=o.width,l=o.height,c=Math.pow(2,n.tileID.overscaledZ),u=n.tileSize*Math.pow(2,r.transform.tileZoom)/c,f=u*(n.tileID.canonical.x+n.tileID.wrap*c),h=u*n.tileID.canonical.y;return{u_image:0,u_pattern_tl_a:i.tl,u_pattern_br_a:i.br,u_pattern_tl_b:a.tl,u_pattern_br_b:a.br,u_texsize:[s,l],u_mix:e.t,u_pattern_size_a:i.displaySize,u_pattern_size_b:a.displaySize,u_scale_a:e.fromScale,u_scale_b:e.toScale,u_tile_units_to_pixels:1/pe(n,1,r.transform.tileZoom),u_pixel_coord_upper:[f>>16,h>>16],u_pixel_coord_lower:[65535&f,65535&h]}}(i,o,n,a),{u_matrix:e,u_opacity:r})},Jr={fillExtrusion:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_lightpos:new t.Uniform3f(e,r.u_lightpos),u_lightintensity:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_lightintensity),u_lightcolor:new t.Uniform3f(e,r.u_lightcolor),u_vertical_gradient:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_vertical_gradient),u_opacity:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_opacity)}},fillExtrusionPattern:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_lightpos:new t.Uniform3f(e,r.u_lightpos),u_lightintensity:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_lightintensity),u_lightcolor:new t.Uniform3f(e,r.u_lightcolor),u_vertical_gradient:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_vertical_gradient),u_height_factor:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_height_factor),u_image:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image),u_texsize:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_texsize),u_pixel_coord_upper:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pixel_coord_upper),u_pixel_coord_lower:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pixel_coord_lower),u_scale:new t.Uniform3f(e,r.u_scale),u_fade:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_fade),u_opacity:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_opacity)}},fill:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix)}},fillPattern:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_image:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image),u_texsize:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_texsize),u_pixel_coord_upper:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pixel_coord_upper),u_pixel_coord_lower:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pixel_coord_lower),u_scale:new t.Uniform3f(e,r.u_scale),u_fade:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_fade)}},fillOutline:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_world:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_world)}},fillOutlinePattern:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_world:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_world),u_image:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image),u_texsize:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_texsize),u_pixel_coord_upper:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pixel_coord_upper),u_pixel_coord_lower:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pixel_coord_lower),u_scale:new t.Uniform3f(e,r.u_scale),u_fade:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_fade)}},circle:function(e,r){return{u_camera_to_center_distance:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_camera_to_center_distance),u_scale_with_map:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_scale_with_map),u_pitch_with_map:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_pitch_with_map),u_extrude_scale:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_extrude_scale),u_device_pixel_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_device_pixel_ratio),u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix)}},collisionBox:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_camera_to_center_distance:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_camera_to_center_distance),u_pixels_to_tile_units:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_pixels_to_tile_units),u_extrude_scale:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_extrude_scale),u_overscale_factor:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_overscale_factor)}},collisionCircle:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_inv_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_inv_matrix),u_camera_to_center_distance:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_camera_to_center_distance),u_viewport_size:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_viewport_size)}},debug:function(e,r){return{u_color:new t.UniformColor(e,r.u_color),u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_overlay:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_overlay),u_overlay_scale:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_overlay_scale)}},clippingMask:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix)}},heatmap:function(e,r){return{u_extrude_scale:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_extrude_scale),u_intensity:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_intensity),u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix)}},heatmapTexture:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_world:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_world),u_image:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image),u_color_ramp:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_color_ramp),u_opacity:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_opacity)}},hillshade:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_image:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image),u_latrange:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_latrange),u_light:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_light),u_shadow:new t.UniformColor(e,r.u_shadow),u_highlight:new t.UniformColor(e,r.u_highlight),u_accent:new t.UniformColor(e,r.u_accent)}},hillshadePrepare:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_image:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image),u_dimension:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_dimension),u_zoom:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_zoom),u_maxzoom:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_maxzoom),u_unpack:new t.Uniform4f(e,r.u_unpack)}},line:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_ratio),u_device_pixel_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_device_pixel_ratio),u_units_to_pixels:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_units_to_pixels)}},lineGradient:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_ratio),u_device_pixel_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_device_pixel_ratio),u_units_to_pixels:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_units_to_pixels),u_image:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image)}},linePattern:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_texsize:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_texsize),u_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_ratio),u_device_pixel_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_device_pixel_ratio),u_image:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image),u_units_to_pixels:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_units_to_pixels),u_scale:new t.Uniform3f(e,r.u_scale),u_fade:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_fade)}},lineSDF:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_ratio),u_device_pixel_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_device_pixel_ratio),u_units_to_pixels:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_units_to_pixels),u_patternscale_a:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_patternscale_a),u_patternscale_b:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_patternscale_b),u_sdfgamma:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_sdfgamma),u_image:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image),u_tex_y_a:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_tex_y_a),u_tex_y_b:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_tex_y_b),u_mix:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_mix)}},raster:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_tl_parent:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_tl_parent),u_scale_parent:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_scale_parent),u_buffer_scale:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_buffer_scale),u_fade_t:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_fade_t),u_opacity:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_opacity),u_image0:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image0),u_image1:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image1),u_brightness_low:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_brightness_low),u_brightness_high:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_brightness_high),u_saturation_factor:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_saturation_factor),u_contrast_factor:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_contrast_factor),u_spin_weights:new t.Uniform3f(e,r.u_spin_weights)}},symbolIcon:function(e,r){return{u_is_size_zoom_constant:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_size_zoom_constant),u_is_size_feature_constant:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_size_feature_constant),u_size_t:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_size_t),u_size:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_size),u_camera_to_center_distance:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_camera_to_center_distance),u_pitch:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_pitch),u_rotate_symbol:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_rotate_symbol),u_aspect_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_aspect_ratio),u_fade_change:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_fade_change),u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_label_plane_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_label_plane_matrix),u_coord_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_coord_matrix),u_is_text:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_text),u_pitch_with_map:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_pitch_with_map),u_texsize:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_texsize),u_texture:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_texture)}},symbolSDF:function(e,r){return{u_is_size_zoom_constant:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_size_zoom_constant),u_is_size_feature_constant:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_size_feature_constant),u_size_t:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_size_t),u_size:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_size),u_camera_to_center_distance:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_camera_to_center_distance),u_pitch:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_pitch),u_rotate_symbol:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_rotate_symbol),u_aspect_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_aspect_ratio),u_fade_change:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_fade_change),u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_label_plane_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_label_plane_matrix),u_coord_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_coord_matrix),u_is_text:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_text),u_pitch_with_map:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_pitch_with_map),u_texsize:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_texsize),u_texture:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_texture),u_gamma_scale:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_gamma_scale),u_device_pixel_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_device_pixel_ratio),u_is_halo:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_halo)}},symbolTextAndIcon:function(e,r){return{u_is_size_zoom_constant:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_size_zoom_constant),u_is_size_feature_constant:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_size_feature_constant),u_size_t:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_size_t),u_size:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_size),u_camera_to_center_distance:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_camera_to_center_distance),u_pitch:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_pitch),u_rotate_symbol:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_rotate_symbol),u_aspect_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_aspect_ratio),u_fade_change:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_fade_change),u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_label_plane_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_label_plane_matrix),u_coord_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_coord_matrix),u_is_text:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_text),u_pitch_with_map:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_pitch_with_map),u_texsize:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_texsize),u_texsize_icon:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_texsize_icon),u_texture:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_texture),u_texture_icon:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_texture_icon),u_gamma_scale:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_gamma_scale),u_device_pixel_ratio:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_device_pixel_ratio),u_is_halo:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_is_halo)}},background:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_opacity:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_opacity),u_color:new t.UniformColor(e,r.u_color)}},backgroundPattern:function(e,r){return{u_matrix:new t.UniformMatrix4f(e,r.u_matrix),u_opacity:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_opacity),u_image:new t.Uniform1i(e,r.u_image),u_pattern_tl_a:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pattern_tl_a),u_pattern_br_a:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pattern_br_a),u_pattern_tl_b:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pattern_tl_b),u_pattern_br_b:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pattern_br_b),u_texsize:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_texsize),u_mix:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_mix),u_pattern_size_a:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pattern_size_a),u_pattern_size_b:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pattern_size_b),u_scale_a:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_scale_a),u_scale_b:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_scale_b),u_pixel_coord_upper:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pixel_coord_upper),u_pixel_coord_lower:new t.Uniform2f(e,r.u_pixel_coord_lower),u_tile_units_to_pixels:new t.Uniform1f(e,r.u_tile_units_to_pixels)}}};function Kr(e,r,n,i,a,o,s){for(var l=e.context,c=l.gl,u=e.useProgram("collisionBox"),f=[],h=0,p=0,d=0;d<i.length;d++){var m=i[d],g=r.getTile(m),v=g.getBucket(n);if(v){var y=m.posMatrix;0===a[0]&&0===a[1]||(y=e.translatePosMatrix(m.posMatrix,g,a,o));var x=s?v.textCollisionBox:v.iconCollisionBox,b=v.collisionCircleArray;if(b.length>0){var _=t.create(),w=y;t.mul(_,v.placementInvProjMatrix,e.transform.glCoordMatrix),t.mul(_,_,v.placementViewportMatrix),f.push({circleArray:b,circleOffset:p,transform:w,invTransform:_}),p=h+=b.length/4}x&&u.draw(l,c.LINES,At.disabled,Mt.disabled,e.colorModeForRenderPass(),Et.disabled,Cr(y,e.transform,g),n.id,x.layoutVertexBuffer,x.indexBuffer,x.segments,null,e.transform.zoom,null,null,x.collisionVertexBuffer)}}if(s&&f.length){var T=e.useProgram("collisionCircle"),k=new t.StructArrayLayout2f1f2i16;k.resize(4*h),k._trim();for(var A=0,M=0,S=f;M<S.length;M+=1)for(var E=S[M],L=0;L<E.circleArray.length/4;L++){var C=4*L,P=E.circleArray[C+0],I=E.circleArray[C+1],O=E.circleArray[C+2],z=E.circleArray[C+3];k.emplace(A++,P,I,O,z,0),k.emplace(A++,P,I,O,z,1),k.emplace(A++,P,I,O,z,2),k.emplace(A++,P,I,O,z,3)}(!qr||qr.length<2*h)&&(qr=function(e){var r=2*e,n=new t.StructArrayLayout3ui6;n.resize(r),n._trim();for(var i=0;i<r;i++){var a=6*i;n.uint16[a+0]=4*i+0,n.uint16[a+1]=4*i+1,n.uint16[a+2]=4*i+2,n.uint16[a+3]=4*i+2,n.uint16[a+4]=4*i+3,n.uint16[a+5]=4*i+0}return n}(h));for(var D=l.createIndexBuffer(qr,!0),R=l.createVertexBuffer(k,t.collisionCircleLayout.members,!0),F=0,B=f;F<B.length;F+=1){var N=B[F],j=Pr(N.transform,N.invTransform,e.transform);T.draw(l,c.TRIANGLES,At.disabled,Mt.disabled,e.colorModeForRenderPass(),Et.disabled,j,n.id,R,D,t.SegmentVector.simpleSegment(0,2*N.circleOffset,N.circleArray.length,N.circleArray.length/2),null,e.transform.zoom,null,null,null)}R.destroy(),D.destroy()}}var Qr=t.identity(new Float32Array(16));function $r(e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=t.getAnchorAlignment(e),l=-(s.horizontalAlign-.5)*r,c=-(s.verticalAlign-.5)*n,u=t.evaluateVariableOffset(e,i);return new t.Point((l/a+u[0])*o,(c/a+u[1])*o)}function tn(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f){var h=e.text.placedSymbolArray,p=e.text.dynamicLayoutVertexArray,d=e.icon.dynamicLayoutVertexArray,m={};p.clear();for(var g=0;g<h.length;g++){var v=h.get(g),y=e.allowVerticalPlacement&&!v.placedOrientation,x=v.hidden||!v.crossTileID||y?null:i[v.crossTileID];if(x){var b=new t.Point(v.anchorX,v.anchorY),_=te(b,n?l:s),w=ee(o.cameraToCenterDistance,_.signedDistanceFromCamera),T=a.evaluateSizeForFeature(e.textSizeData,u,v)*w/t.ONE_EM;n&&(T*=e.tilePixelRatio/c);for(var k=x.width,A=x.height,M=$r(x.anchor,k,A,x.textOffset,x.textBoxScale,T),S=n?te(b.add(M),s).point:_.point.add(r?M.rotate(-o.angle):M),E=e.allowVerticalPlacement&&v.placedOrientation===t.WritingMode.vertical?Math.PI/2:0,L=0;L<v.numGlyphs;L++)t.addDynamicAttributes(p,S,E);f&&v.associatedIconIndex>=0&&(m[v.associatedIconIndex]={shiftedAnchor:S,angle:E})}else ue(v.numGlyphs,p)}if(f){d.clear();for(var C=e.icon.placedSymbolArray,P=0;P<C.length;P++){var I=C.get(P);if(I.hidden)ue(I.numGlyphs,d);else{var O=m[P];if(O)for(var z=0;z<I.numGlyphs;z++)t.addDynamicAttributes(d,O.shiftedAnchor,O.angle);else ue(I.numGlyphs,d)}}e.icon.dynamicLayoutVertexBuffer.updateData(d)}e.text.dynamicLayoutVertexBuffer.updateData(p)}function en(t,e,r){return r.iconsInText&&e?"symbolTextAndIcon":t?"symbolSDF":"symbolIcon"}function rn(e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h){for(var p=e.context,d=p.gl,m=e.transform,g="map"===l,v="map"===c,y=g&&"point"!==n.layout.get("symbol-placement"),x=g&&!v&&!y,b=void 0!==n.layout.get("symbol-sort-key").constantOr(1),_=e.depthModeForSublayer(0,At.ReadOnly),w=n.layout.get("text-variable-anchor"),T=[],k=0,A=i;k<A.length;k+=1){var M=A[k],S=r.getTile(M),E=S.getBucket(n);if(E){var L=a?E.text:E.icon;if(L&&L.segments.get().length){var C=L.programConfigurations.get(n.id),P=a||E.sdfIcons,I=a?E.textSizeData:E.iconSizeData,O=v||0!==m.pitch,z=e.useProgram(en(P,a,E),C),D=t.evaluateSizeForZoom(I,m.zoom),R=void 0,F=[0,0],B=void 0,N=void 0,j=null,U=void 0;if(a){if(B=S.glyphAtlasTexture,N=d.LINEAR,R=S.glyphAtlasTexture.size,E.iconsInText){F=S.imageAtlasTexture.size,j=S.imageAtlasTexture;var V="composite"===I.kind||"camera"===I.kind;U=O||e.options.rotating||e.options.zooming||V?d.LINEAR:d.NEAREST}}else{var H=1!==n.layout.get("icon-size").constantOr(0)||E.iconsNeedLinear;B=S.imageAtlasTexture,N=P||e.options.rotating||e.options.zooming||H||O?d.LINEAR:d.NEAREST,R=S.imageAtlasTexture.size}var q=pe(S,1,e.transform.zoom),G=Qt(M.posMatrix,v,g,e.transform,q),Y=$t(M.posMatrix,v,g,e.transform,q),W=w&&E.hasTextData(),Z="none"!==n.layout.get("icon-text-fit")&&W&&E.hasIconData();y&&ne(E,M.posMatrix,e,a,G,Y,v,u);var X=e.translatePosMatrix(M.posMatrix,S,o,s),J=y||a&&w||Z?Qr:G,K=e.translatePosMatrix(Y,S,o,s,!0),Q=P&&0!==n.paint.get(a?"text-halo-width":"icon-halo-width").constantOr(1),$={program:z,buffers:L,uniformValues:P?E.iconsInText?Wr(I.kind,D,x,v,e,X,J,K,R,F):Yr(I.kind,D,x,v,e,X,J,K,a,R,!0):Gr(I.kind,D,x,v,e,X,J,K,a,R),atlasTexture:B,atlasTextureIcon:j,atlasInterpolation:N,atlasInterpolationIcon:U,isSDF:P,hasHalo:Q};if(b)for(var tt=0,et=L.segments.get();tt<et.length;tt+=1){var rt=et[tt];T.push({segments:new t.SegmentVector([rt]),sortKey:rt.sortKey,state:$})}else T.push({segments:L.segments,sortKey:0,state:$})}}}b&&T.sort((function(t,e){return t.sortKey-e.sortKey}));for(var nt=0,it=T;nt<it.length;nt+=1){var at=it[nt],ot=at.state;if(p.activeTexture.set(d.TEXTURE0),ot.atlasTexture.bind(ot.atlasInterpolation,d.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),ot.atlasTextureIcon&&(p.activeTexture.set(d.TEXTURE1),ot.atlasTextureIcon&&ot.atlasTextureIcon.bind(ot.atlasInterpolationIcon,d.CLAMP_TO_EDGE)),ot.isSDF){var st=ot.uniformValues;ot.hasHalo&&(st.u_is_halo=1,nn(ot.buffers,at.segments,n,e,ot.program,_,f,h,st)),st.u_is_halo=0}nn(ot.buffers,at.segments,n,e,ot.program,_,f,h,ot.uniformValues)}}function nn(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l){var c=n.context,u=c.gl;i.draw(c,u.TRIANGLES,a,o,s,Et.disabled,l,r.id,t.layoutVertexBuffer,t.indexBuffer,e,r.paint,n.transform.zoom,t.programConfigurations.get(r.id),t.dynamicLayoutVertexBuffer,t.opacityVertexBuffer)}function an(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s,l,c,u,f,h=t.context.gl,p=r.paint.get("fill-pattern"),d=p&&p.constantOr(1),m=r.getCrossfadeParameters();o?(l=d&&!r.getPaintProperty("fill-outline-color")?"fillOutlinePattern":"fillOutline",s=h.LINES):(l=d?"fillPattern":"fill",s=h.TRIANGLES);for(var g=0,v=n;g<v.length;g+=1){var y=v[g],x=e.getTile(y);if(!d||x.patternsLoaded()){var b=x.getBucket(r);if(b){var _=b.programConfigurations.get(r.id),w=t.useProgram(l,_);d&&(t.context.activeTexture.set(h.TEXTURE0),x.imageAtlasTexture.bind(h.LINEAR,h.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),_.updatePaintBuffers(m));var T=p.constantOr(null);if(T&&x.imageAtlas){var k=x.imageAtlas,A=k.patternPositions[T.to.toString()],M=k.patternPositions[T.from.toString()];A&&M&&_.setConstantPatternPositions(A,M)}var S=t.translatePosMatrix(y.posMatrix,x,r.paint.get("fill-translate"),r.paint.get("fill-translate-anchor"));if(o){u=b.indexBuffer2,f=b.segments2;var E=[h.drawingBufferWidth,h.drawingBufferHeight];c="fillOutlinePattern"===l&&d?Er(S,t,m,x,E):Sr(S,E)}else u=b.indexBuffer,f=b.segments,c=d?Mr(S,t,m,x):Ar(S);w.draw(t.context,s,i,t.stencilModeForClipping(y),a,Et.disabled,c,r.id,b.layoutVertexBuffer,u,f,r.paint,t.transform.zoom,_)}}}}function on(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){for(var s=t.context,l=s.gl,c=r.paint.get("fill-extrusion-pattern"),u=c.constantOr(1),f=r.getCrossfadeParameters(),h=r.paint.get("fill-extrusion-opacity"),p=0,d=n;p<d.length;p+=1){var m=d[p],g=e.getTile(m),v=g.getBucket(r);if(v){var y=v.programConfigurations.get(r.id),x=t.useProgram(u?"fillExtrusionPattern":"fillExtrusion",y);u&&(t.context.activeTexture.set(l.TEXTURE0),g.imageAtlasTexture.bind(l.LINEAR,l.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),y.updatePaintBuffers(f));var b=c.constantOr(null);if(b&&g.imageAtlas){var _=g.imageAtlas,w=_.patternPositions[b.to.toString()],T=_.patternPositions[b.from.toString()];w&&T&&y.setConstantPatternPositions(w,T)}var k=t.translatePosMatrix(m.posMatrix,g,r.paint.get("fill-extrusion-translate"),r.paint.get("fill-extrusion-translate-anchor")),A=r.paint.get("fill-extrusion-vertical-gradient"),M=u?kr(k,t,A,h,m,f,g):Tr(k,t,A,h);x.draw(s,s.gl.TRIANGLES,i,a,o,Et.backCCW,M,r.id,v.layoutVertexBuffer,v.indexBuffer,v.segments,r.paint,t.transform.zoom,y)}}}function sn(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=t.context,s=o.gl,l=e.fbo;if(l){var c=t.useProgram("hillshade");o.activeTexture.set(s.TEXTURE0),s.bindTexture(s.TEXTURE_2D,l.colorAttachment.get());var u=function(t,e,r){var n=r.paint.get("hillshade-shadow-color"),i=r.paint.get("hillshade-highlight-color"),a=r.paint.get("hillshade-accent-color"),o=r.paint.get("hillshade-illumination-direction")*(Math.PI/180);"viewport"===r.paint.get("hillshade-illumination-anchor")&&(o-=t.transform.angle);var s=!t.options.moving;return{u_matrix:t.transform.calculatePosMatrix(e.tileID.toUnwrapped(),s),u_image:0,u_latrange:Dr(t,e.tileID),u_light:[r.paint.get("hillshade-exaggeration"),o],u_shadow:n,u_highlight:i,u_accent:a}}(t,e,r);c.draw(o,s.TRIANGLES,n,i,a,Et.disabled,u,r.id,t.rasterBoundsBuffer,t.quadTriangleIndexBuffer,t.rasterBoundsSegments)}}function ln(e,r,n,i,a,o,s){var l=e.context,c=l.gl,u=r.dem;if(u&&u.data){var f=u.dim,h=u.stride,p=u.getPixels();if(l.activeTexture.set(c.TEXTURE1),l.pixelStoreUnpackPremultiplyAlpha.set(!1),r.demTexture=r.demTexture||e.getTileTexture(h),r.demTexture){var d=r.demTexture;d.update(p,{premultiply:!1}),d.bind(c.NEAREST,c.CLAMP_TO_EDGE)}else r.demTexture=new t.Texture(l,p,c.RGBA,{premultiply:!1}),r.demTexture.bind(c.NEAREST,c.CLAMP_TO_EDGE);l.activeTexture.set(c.TEXTURE0);var m=r.fbo;if(!m){var g=new t.Texture(l,{width:f,height:f,data:null},c.RGBA);g.bind(c.LINEAR,c.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),(m=r.fbo=l.createFramebuffer(f,f,!0)).colorAttachment.set(g.texture)}l.bindFramebuffer.set(m.framebuffer),l.viewport.set([0,0,f,f]),e.useProgram("hillshadePrepare").draw(l,c.TRIANGLES,a,o,s,Et.disabled,function(e,r,n){var i=r.stride,a=t.create();return t.ortho(a,0,t.EXTENT,-t.EXTENT,0,0,1),t.translate(a,a,[0,-t.EXTENT,0]),{u_matrix:a,u_image:1,u_dimension:[i,i],u_zoom:e.overscaledZ,u_maxzoom:n,u_unpack:r.getUnpackVector()}}(r.tileID,u,i),n.id,e.rasterBoundsBuffer,e.quadTriangleIndexBuffer,e.rasterBoundsSegments),r.needsHillshadePrepare=!1}}function cn(e,r,n,i,a){var o=i.paint.get("raster-fade-duration");if(o>0){var s=t.browser.now(),l=(s-e.timeAdded)/o,c=r?(s-r.timeAdded)/o:-1,u=n.getSource(),f=a.coveringZoomLevel({tileSize:u.tileSize,roundZoom:u.roundZoom}),h=!r||Math.abs(r.tileID.overscaledZ-f)>Math.abs(e.tileID.overscaledZ-f),p=h&&e.refreshedUponExpiration?1:t.clamp(h?l:1-c,0,1);return e.refreshedUponExpiration&&l>=1&&(e.refreshedUponExpiration=!1),r?{opacity:1,mix:1-p}:{opacity:p,mix:0}}return{opacity:1,mix:0}}var un=new t.Color(1,0,0,1),fn=new t.Color(0,1,0,1),hn=new t.Color(0,0,1,1),pn=new t.Color(1,0,1,1),dn=new t.Color(0,1,1,1);function mn(t){var e=t.transform.padding;gn(t,t.transform.height-(e.top||0),3,un),gn(t,e.bottom||0,3,fn),vn(t,e.left||0,3,hn),vn(t,t.transform.width-(e.right||0),3,pn);var r=t.transform.centerPoint;!function(t,e,r,n){yn(t,e-1,r-10,2,20,n),yn(t,e-10,r-1,20,2,n)}(t,r.x,t.transform.height-r.y,dn)}function gn(t,e,r,n){yn(t,0,e+r/2,t.transform.width,r,n)}function vn(t,e,r,n){yn(t,e-r/2,0,r,t.transform.height,n)}function yn(e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=e.context,l=s.gl;l.enable(l.SCISSOR_TEST),l.scissor(r*t.browser.devicePixelRatio,n*t.browser.devicePixelRatio,i*t.browser.devicePixelRatio,a*t.browser.devicePixelRatio),s.clear({color:o}),l.disable(l.SCISSOR_TEST)}function xn(e,r,n){var i=e.context,a=i.gl,o=n.posMatrix,s=e.useProgram("debug"),l=At.disabled,c=Mt.disabled,u=e.colorModeForRenderPass();i.activeTexture.set(a.TEXTURE0),e.emptyTexture.bind(a.LINEAR,a.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),s.draw(i,a.LINE_STRIP,l,c,u,Et.disabled,Ir(o,t.Color.red),"$debug",e.debugBuffer,e.tileBorderIndexBuffer,e.debugSegments);var f=r.getTileByID(n.key).latestRawTileData,h=f&&f.byteLength||0,p=Math.floor(h/1024),d=r.getTile(n).tileSize,m=512/Math.min(d,512)*(n.overscaledZ/e.transform.zoom)*.5,g=n.canonical.toString();n.overscaledZ!==n.canonical.z&&(g+=" => "+n.overscaledZ),function(t,e){t.initDebugOverlayCanvas();var r=t.debugOverlayCanvas,n=t.context.gl,i=t.debugOverlayCanvas.getContext("2d");i.clearRect(0,0,r.width,r.height),i.shadowColor="white",i.shadowBlur=2,i.lineWidth=1.5,i.strokeStyle="white",i.textBaseline="top",i.font="bold 36px Open Sans, sans-serif",i.fillText(e,5,5),i.strokeText(e,5,5),t.debugOverlayTexture.update(r),t.debugOverlayTexture.bind(n.LINEAR,n.CLAMP_TO_EDGE)}(e,g+" "+p+"kb"),s.draw(i,a.TRIANGLES,l,c,St.alphaBlended,Et.disabled,Ir(o,t.Color.transparent,m),"$debug",e.debugBuffer,e.quadTriangleIndexBuffer,e.debugSegments)}var bn={symbol:function(e,r,n,i,a){if("translucent"===e.renderPass){var o=Mt.disabled,s=e.colorModeForRenderPass();n.layout.get("text-variable-anchor")&&function(e,r,n,i,a,o,s){for(var l=r.transform,c="map"===a,u="map"===o,f=0,h=e;f<h.length;f+=1){var p=h[f],d=i.getTile(p),m=d.getBucket(n);if(m&&m.text&&m.text.segments.get().length){var g=m.textSizeData,v=t.evaluateSizeForZoom(g,l.zoom),y=pe(d,1,r.transform.zoom),x=Qt(p.posMatrix,u,c,r.transform,y),b="none"!==n.layout.get("icon-text-fit")&&m.hasIconData();if(v){var _=Math.pow(2,l.zoom-d.tileID.overscaledZ);tn(m,c,u,s,t.symbolSize,l,x,p.posMatrix,_,v,b)}}}}(i,e,n,r,n.layout.get("text-rotation-alignment"),n.layout.get("text-pitch-alignment"),a),0!==n.paint.get("icon-opacity").constantOr(1)&&rn(e,r,n,i,!1,n.paint.get("icon-translate"),n.paint.get("icon-translate-anchor"),n.layout.get("icon-rotation-alignment"),n.layout.get("icon-pitch-alignment"),n.layout.get("icon-keep-upright"),o,s),0!==n.paint.get("text-opacity").constantOr(1)&&rn(e,r,n,i,!0,n.paint.get("text-translate"),n.paint.get("text-translate-anchor"),n.layout.get("text-rotation-alignment"),n.layout.get("text-pitch-alignment"),n.layout.get("text-keep-upright"),o,s),r.map.showCollisionBoxes&&(Kr(e,r,n,i,n.paint.get("text-translate"),n.paint.get("text-translate-anchor"),!0),Kr(e,r,n,i,n.paint.get("icon-translate"),n.paint.get("icon-translate-anchor"),!1))}},circle:function(e,r,n,i){if("translucent"===e.renderPass){var a=n.paint.get("circle-opacity"),o=n.paint.get("circle-stroke-width"),s=n.paint.get("circle-stroke-opacity"),l=void 0!==n.layout.get("circle-sort-key").constantOr(1);if(0!==a.constantOr(1)||0!==o.constantOr(1)&&0!==s.constantOr(1)){for(var c=e.context,u=c.gl,f=e.depthModeForSublayer(0,At.ReadOnly),h=Mt.disabled,p=e.colorModeForRenderPass(),d=[],m=0;m<i.length;m++){var g=i[m],v=r.getTile(g),y=v.getBucket(n);if(y){var x=y.programConfigurations.get(n.id),b={programConfiguration:x,program:e.useProgram("circle",x),layoutVertexBuffer:y.layoutVertexBuffer,indexBuffer:y.indexBuffer,uniformValues:Lr(e,g,v,n)};if(l)for(var _=0,w=y.segments.get();_<w.length;_+=1){var T=w[_];d.push({segments:new t.SegmentVector([T]),sortKey:T.sortKey,state:b})}else d.push({segments:y.segments,sortKey:0,state:b})}}l&&d.sort((function(t,e){return t.sortKey-e.sortKey}));for(var k=0,A=d;k<A.length;k+=1){var M=A[k],S=M.state,E=S.programConfiguration,L=S.program,C=S.layoutVertexBuffer,P=S.indexBuffer,I=S.uniformValues,O=M.segments;L.draw(c,u.TRIANGLES,f,h,p,Et.disabled,I,n.id,C,P,O,n.paint,e.transform.zoom,E)}}}},heatmap:function(e,r,n,i){if(0!==n.paint.get("heatmap-opacity"))if("offscreen"===e.renderPass){var a=e.context,o=a.gl,s=Mt.disabled,l=new St([o.ONE,o.ONE],t.Color.transparent,[!0,!0,!0,!0]);!function(t,e,r){var n=t.gl;t.activeTexture.set(n.TEXTURE1),t.viewport.set([0,0,e.width/4,e.height/4]);var i=r.heatmapFbo;if(i)n.bindTexture(n.TEXTURE_2D,i.colorAttachment.get()),t.bindFramebuffer.set(i.framebuffer);else{var a=n.createTexture();n.bindTexture(n.TEXTURE_2D,a),n.texParameteri(n.TEXTURE_2D,n.TEXTURE_WRAP_S,n.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),n.texParameteri(n.TEXTURE_2D,n.TEXTURE_WRAP_T,n.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),n.texParameteri(n.TEXTURE_2D,n.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,n.LINEAR),n.texParameteri(n.TEXTURE_2D,n.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,n.LINEAR),i=r.heatmapFbo=t.createFramebuffer(e.width/4,e.height/4,!1),function(t,e,r,n){var i=t.gl,a=t.extRenderToTextureHalfFloat?t.extTextureHalfFloat.HALF_FLOAT_OES:i.UNSIGNED_BYTE;i.texImage2D(i.TEXTURE_2D,0,i.RGBA,e.width/4,e.height/4,0,i.RGBA,a,null),n.colorAttachment.set(r)}(t,e,a,i)}}(a,e,n),a.clear({color:t.Color.transparent});for(var c=0;c<i.length;c++){var u=i[c];if(!r.hasRenderableParent(u)){var f=r.getTile(u),h=f.getBucket(n);if(h){var p=h.programConfigurations.get(n.id),d=e.useProgram("heatmap",p),m=e.transform.zoom;d.draw(a,o.TRIANGLES,At.disabled,s,l,Et.disabled,zr(u.posMatrix,f,m,n.paint.get("heatmap-intensity")),n.id,h.layoutVertexBuffer,h.indexBuffer,h.segments,n.paint,e.transform.zoom,p)}}}a.viewport.set([0,0,e.width,e.height])}else"translucent"===e.renderPass&&(e.context.setColorMode(e.colorModeForRenderPass()),function(e,r){var n=e.context,i=n.gl,a=r.heatmapFbo;if(!a)return;n.activeTexture.set(i.TEXTURE0),i.bindTexture(i.TEXTURE_2D,a.colorAttachment.get()),n.activeTexture.set(i.TEXTURE1);var o=r.colorRampTexture;o||(o=r.colorRampTexture=new t.Texture(n,r.colorRamp,i.RGBA));o.bind(i.LINEAR,i.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),e.useProgram("heatmapTexture").draw(n,i.TRIANGLES,At.disabled,Mt.disabled,e.colorModeForRenderPass(),Et.disabled,function(e,r,n,i){var a=t.create();t.ortho(a,0,e.width,e.height,0,0,1);var o=e.context.gl;return{u_matrix:a,u_world:[o.drawingBufferWidth,o.drawingBufferHeight],u_image:n,u_color_ramp:i,u_opacity:r.paint.get("heatmap-opacity")}}(e,r,0,1),r.id,e.viewportBuffer,e.quadTriangleIndexBuffer,e.viewportSegments,r.paint,e.transform.zoom)}(e,n))},line:function(e,r,n,i){if("translucent"===e.renderPass){var a=n.paint.get("line-opacity"),o=n.paint.get("line-width");if(0!==a.constantOr(1)&&0!==o.constantOr(1)){var s=e.depthModeForSublayer(0,At.ReadOnly),l=e.colorModeForRenderPass(),c=n.paint.get("line-dasharray"),u=n.paint.get("line-pattern"),f=u.constantOr(1),h=n.paint.get("line-gradient"),p=n.getCrossfadeParameters(),d=f?"linePattern":c?"lineSDF":h?"lineGradient":"line",m=e.context,g=m.gl,v=!0;if(h){m.activeTexture.set(g.TEXTURE0);var y=n.gradientTexture;if(!n.gradient)return;y||(y=n.gradientTexture=new t.Texture(m,n.gradient,g.RGBA)),y.bind(g.LINEAR,g.CLAMP_TO_EDGE)}for(var x=0,b=i;x<b.length;x+=1){var _=b[x],w=r.getTile(_);if(!f||w.patternsLoaded()){var T=w.getBucket(n);if(T){var k=T.programConfigurations.get(n.id),A=e.context.program.get(),M=e.useProgram(d,k),S=v||M.program!==A,E=u.constantOr(null);if(E&&w.imageAtlas){var L=w.imageAtlas,C=L.patternPositions[E.to.toString()],P=L.patternPositions[E.from.toString()];C&&P&&k.setConstantPatternPositions(C,P)}var I=f?Br(e,w,n,p):c?Nr(e,w,n,c,p):h?Fr(e,w,n):Rr(e,w,n);f?(m.activeTexture.set(g.TEXTURE0),w.imageAtlasTexture.bind(g.LINEAR,g.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),k.updatePaintBuffers(p)):c&&(S||e.lineAtlas.dirty)&&(m.activeTexture.set(g.TEXTURE0),e.lineAtlas.bind(m)),M.draw(m,g.TRIANGLES,s,e.stencilModeForClipping(_),l,Et.disabled,I,n.id,T.layoutVertexBuffer,T.indexBuffer,T.segments,n.paint,e.transform.zoom,k),v=!1}}}}}},fill:function(e,r,n,i){var a=n.paint.get("fill-color"),o=n.paint.get("fill-opacity");if(0!==o.constantOr(1)){var s=e.colorModeForRenderPass(),l=n.paint.get("fill-pattern"),c=e.opaquePassEnabledForLayer()&&!l.constantOr(1)&&1===a.constantOr(t.Color.transparent).a&&1===o.constantOr(0)?"opaque":"translucent";if(e.renderPass===c){var u=e.depthModeForSublayer(1,"opaque"===e.renderPass?At.ReadWrite:At.ReadOnly);an(e,r,n,i,u,s,!1)}if("translucent"===e.renderPass&&n.paint.get("fill-antialias")){var f=e.depthModeForSublayer(n.getPaintProperty("fill-outline-color")?2:0,At.ReadOnly);an(e,r,n,i,f,s,!0)}}},"fill-extrusion":function(t,e,r,n){var i=r.paint.get("fill-extrusion-opacity");if(0!==i&&"translucent"===t.renderPass){var a=new At(t.context.gl.LEQUAL,At.ReadWrite,t.depthRangeFor3D);if(1!==i||r.paint.get("fill-extrusion-pattern").constantOr(1))on(t,e,r,n,a,Mt.disabled,St.disabled),on(t,e,r,n,a,t.stencilModeFor3D(),t.colorModeForRenderPass());else{var o=t.colorModeForRenderPass();on(t,e,r,n,a,Mt.disabled,o)}}},hillshade:function(t,e,r,n){if("offscreen"===t.renderPass||"translucent"===t.renderPass){for(var i=t.context,a=e.getSource().maxzoom,o=t.depthModeForSublayer(0,At.ReadOnly),s=t.colorModeForRenderPass(),l="translucent"===t.renderPass?t.stencilConfigForOverlap(n):[{},n],c=l[0],u=0,f=l[1];u<f.length;u+=1){var h=f[u],p=e.getTile(h);p.needsHillshadePrepare&&"offscreen"===t.renderPass?ln(t,p,r,a,o,Mt.disabled,s):"translucent"===t.renderPass&&sn(t,p,r,o,c[h.overscaledZ],s)}i.viewport.set([0,0,t.width,t.height])}},raster:function(t,e,r,n){if("translucent"===t.renderPass&&0!==r.paint.get("raster-opacity")&&n.length)for(var i=t.context,a=i.gl,o=e.getSource(),s=t.useProgram("raster"),l=t.colorModeForRenderPass(),c=o instanceof I?[{},n]:t.stencilConfigForOverlap(n),u=c[0],f=c[1],h=f[f.length-1].overscaledZ,p=!t.options.moving,d=0,m=f;d<m.length;d+=1){var g=m[d],v=t.depthModeForSublayer(g.overscaledZ-h,1===r.paint.get("raster-opacity")?At.ReadWrite:At.ReadOnly,a.LESS),y=e.getTile(g),x=t.transform.calculatePosMatrix(g.toUnwrapped(),p);y.registerFadeDuration(r.paint.get("raster-fade-duration"));var b=e.findLoadedParent(g,0),_=cn(y,b,e,r,t.transform),w=void 0,T=void 0,k="nearest"===r.paint.get("raster-resampling")?a.NEAREST:a.LINEAR;i.activeTexture.set(a.TEXTURE0),y.texture.bind(k,a.CLAMP_TO_EDGE,a.LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST),i.activeTexture.set(a.TEXTURE1),b?(b.texture.bind(k,a.CLAMP_TO_EDGE,a.LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST),w=Math.pow(2,b.tileID.overscaledZ-y.tileID.overscaledZ),T=[y.tileID.canonical.x*w%1,y.tileID.canonical.y*w%1]):y.texture.bind(k,a.CLAMP_TO_EDGE,a.LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST);var A=Vr(x,T||[0,0],w||1,_,r);o instanceof I?s.draw(i,a.TRIANGLES,v,Mt.disabled,l,Et.disabled,A,r.id,o.boundsBuffer,t.quadTriangleIndexBuffer,o.boundsSegments):s.draw(i,a.TRIANGLES,v,u[g.overscaledZ],l,Et.disabled,A,r.id,t.rasterBoundsBuffer,t.quadTriangleIndexBuffer,t.rasterBoundsSegments)}},background:function(t,e,r){var n=r.paint.get("background-color"),i=r.paint.get("background-opacity");if(0!==i){var a=t.context,o=a.gl,s=t.transform,l=s.tileSize,c=r.paint.get("background-pattern");if(!t.isPatternMissing(c)){var u=!c&&1===n.a&&1===i&&t.opaquePassEnabledForLayer()?"opaque":"translucent";if(t.renderPass===u){var f=Mt.disabled,h=t.depthModeForSublayer(0,"opaque"===u?At.ReadWrite:At.ReadOnly),p=t.colorModeForRenderPass(),d=t.useProgram(c?"backgroundPattern":"background"),m=s.coveringTiles({tileSize:l});c&&(a.activeTexture.set(o.TEXTURE0),t.imageManager.bind(t.context));for(var g=r.getCrossfadeParameters(),v=0,y=m;v<y.length;v+=1){var x=y[v],b=t.transform.calculatePosMatrix(x.toUnwrapped()),_=c?Xr(b,i,t,c,{tileID:x,tileSize:l},g):Zr(b,i,n);d.draw(a,o.TRIANGLES,h,f,p,Et.disabled,_,r.id,t.tileExtentBuffer,t.quadTriangleIndexBuffer,t.tileExtentSegments)}}}}},debug:function(t,e,r){for(var n=0;n<r.length;n++)xn(t,e,r[n])},custom:function(t,e,r){var n=t.context,i=r.implementation;if("offscreen"===t.renderPass){var a=i.prerender;a&&(t.setCustomLayerDefaults(),n.setColorMode(t.colorModeForRenderPass()),a.call(i,n.gl,t.transform.customLayerMatrix()),n.setDirty(),t.setBaseState())}else if("translucent"===t.renderPass){t.setCustomLayerDefaults(),n.setColorMode(t.colorModeForRenderPass()),n.setStencilMode(Mt.disabled);var o="3d"===i.renderingMode?new At(t.context.gl.LEQUAL,At.ReadWrite,t.depthRangeFor3D):t.depthModeForSublayer(0,At.ReadOnly);n.setDepthMode(o),i.render(n.gl,t.transform.customLayerMatrix()),n.setDirty(),t.setBaseState(),n.bindFramebuffer.set(null)}}},_n=function(t,e){this.context=new Lt(t),this.transform=e,this._tileTextures={},this.setup(),this.numSublayers=Ct.maxUnderzooming+Ct.maxOverzooming+1,this.depthEpsilon=1/Math.pow(2,16),this.crossTileSymbolIndex=new Ne,this.gpuTimers={}};_n.prototype.resize=function(e,r){if(this.width=e*t.browser.devicePixelRatio,this.height=r*t.browser.devicePixelRatio,this.context.viewport.set([0,0,this.width,this.height]),this.style)for(var n=0,i=this.style._order;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n];this.style._layers[a].resize()}},_n.prototype.setup=function(){var e=this.context,r=new t.StructArrayLayout2i4;r.emplaceBack(0,0),r.emplaceBack(t.EXTENT,0),r.emplaceBack(0,t.EXTENT),r.emplaceBack(t.EXTENT,t.EXTENT),this.tileExtentBuffer=e.createVertexBuffer(r,Ge.members),this.tileExtentSegments=t.SegmentVector.simpleSegment(0,0,4,2);var n=new t.StructArrayLayout2i4;n.emplaceBack(0,0),n.emplaceBack(t.EXTENT,0),n.emplaceBack(0,t.EXTENT),n.emplaceBack(t.EXTENT,t.EXTENT),this.debugBuffer=e.createVertexBuffer(n,Ge.members),this.debugSegments=t.SegmentVector.simpleSegment(0,0,4,5);var i=new t.StructArrayLayout4i8;i.emplaceBack(0,0,0,0),i.emplaceBack(t.EXTENT,0,t.EXTENT,0),i.emplaceBack(0,t.EXTENT,0,t.EXTENT),i.emplaceBack(t.EXTENT,t.EXTENT,t.EXTENT,t.EXTENT),this.rasterBoundsBuffer=e.createVertexBuffer(i,P.members),this.rasterBoundsSegments=t.SegmentVector.simpleSegment(0,0,4,2);var a=new t.StructArrayLayout2i4;a.emplaceBack(0,0),a.emplaceBack(1,0),a.emplaceBack(0,1),a.emplaceBack(1,1),this.viewportBuffer=e.createVertexBuffer(a,Ge.members),this.viewportSegments=t.SegmentVector.simpleSegment(0,0,4,2);var o=new t.StructArrayLayout1ui2;o.emplaceBack(0),o.emplaceBack(1),o.emplaceBack(3),o.emplaceBack(2),o.emplaceBack(0),this.tileBorderIndexBuffer=e.createIndexBuffer(o);var s=new t.StructArrayLayout3ui6;s.emplaceBack(0,1,2),s.emplaceBack(2,1,3),this.quadTriangleIndexBuffer=e.createIndexBuffer(s),this.emptyTexture=new t.Texture(e,{width:1,height:1,data:new Uint8Array([0,0,0,0])},e.gl.RGBA);var l=this.context.gl;this.stencilClearMode=new Mt({func:l.ALWAYS,mask:0},0,255,l.ZERO,l.ZERO,l.ZERO)},_n.prototype.clearStencil=function(){var e=this.context,r=e.gl;this.nextStencilID=1,this.currentStencilSource=void 0;var n=t.create();t.ortho(n,0,this.width,this.height,0,0,1),t.scale(n,n,[r.drawingBufferWidth,r.drawingBufferHeight,0]),this.useProgram("clippingMask").draw(e,r.TRIANGLES,At.disabled,this.stencilClearMode,St.disabled,Et.disabled,Or(n),"$clipping",this.viewportBuffer,this.quadTriangleIndexBuffer,this.viewportSegments)},_n.prototype._renderTileClippingMasks=function(t,e){if(this.currentStencilSource!==t.source&&t.isTileClipped()&&e&&e.length){this.currentStencilSource=t.source;var r=this.context,n=r.gl;this.nextStencilID+e.length>256&&this.clearStencil(),r.setColorMode(St.disabled),r.setDepthMode(At.disabled);var i=this.useProgram("clippingMask");this._tileClippingMaskIDs={};for(var a=0,o=e;a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a],l=this._tileClippingMaskIDs[s.key]=this.nextStencilID++;i.draw(r,n.TRIANGLES,At.disabled,new Mt({func:n.ALWAYS,mask:0},l,255,n.KEEP,n.KEEP,n.REPLACE),St.disabled,Et.disabled,Or(s.posMatrix),"$clipping",this.tileExtentBuffer,this.quadTriangleIndexBuffer,this.tileExtentSegments)}}},_n.prototype.stencilModeFor3D=function(){this.currentStencilSource=void 0,this.nextStencilID+1>256&&this.clearStencil();var t=this.nextStencilID++,e=this.context.gl;return new Mt({func:e.NOTEQUAL,mask:255},t,255,e.KEEP,e.KEEP,e.REPLACE)},_n.prototype.stencilModeForClipping=function(t){var e=this.context.gl;return new Mt({func:e.EQUAL,mask:255},this._tileClippingMaskIDs[t.key],0,e.KEEP,e.KEEP,e.REPLACE)},_n.prototype.stencilConfigForOverlap=function(t){var e,r=this.context.gl,n=t.sort((function(t,e){return e.overscaledZ-t.overscaledZ})),i=n[n.length-1].overscaledZ,a=n[0].overscaledZ-i+1;if(a>1){this.currentStencilSource=void 0,this.nextStencilID+a>256&&this.clearStencil();for(var o={},s=0;s<a;s++)o[s+i]=new Mt({func:r.GEQUAL,mask:255},s+this.nextStencilID,255,r.KEEP,r.KEEP,r.REPLACE);return this.nextStencilID+=a,[o,n]}return[(e={},e[i]=Mt.disabled,e),n]},_n.prototype.colorModeForRenderPass=function(){var e=this.context.gl;if(this._showOverdrawInspector){return new St([e.CONSTANT_COLOR,e.ONE],new t.Color(1/8,1/8,1/8,0),[!0,!0,!0,!0])}return"opaque"===this.renderPass?St.unblended:St.alphaBlended},_n.prototype.depthModeForSublayer=function(t,e,r){if(!this.opaquePassEnabledForLayer())return At.disabled;var n=1-((1+this.currentLayer)*this.numSublayers+t)*this.depthEpsilon;return new At(r||this.context.gl.LEQUAL,e,[n,n])},_n.prototype.opaquePassEnabledForLayer=function(){return this.currentLayer<this.opaquePassCutoff},_n.prototype.render=function(e,r){var n=this;this.style=e,this.options=r,this.lineAtlas=e.lineAtlas,this.imageManager=e.imageManager,this.glyphManager=e.glyphManager,this.symbolFadeChange=e.placement.symbolFadeChange(t.browser.now()),this.imageManager.beginFrame();var i=this.style._order,a=this.style.sourceCaches;for(var o in a){var s=a[o];s.used&&s.prepare(this.context)}var l,c,u={},f={},h={};for(var p in a){var d=a[p];u[p]=d.getVisibleCoordinates(),f[p]=u[p].slice().reverse(),h[p]=d.getVisibleCoordinates(!0).reverse()}this.opaquePassCutoff=1/0;for(var m=0;m<i.length;m++){var g=i[m];if(this.style._layers[g].is3D()){this.opaquePassCutoff=m;break}}this.renderPass="offscreen";for(var v=0,y=i;v<y.length;v+=1){var x=y[v],b=this.style._layers[x];if(b.hasOffscreenPass()&&!b.isHidden(this.transform.zoom)){var _=f[b.source];("custom"===b.type||_.length)&&this.renderLayer(this,a[b.source],b,_)}}for(this.context.bindFramebuffer.set(null),this.context.clear({color:r.showOverdrawInspector?t.Color.black:t.Color.transparent,depth:1}),this.clearStencil(),this._showOverdrawInspector=r.showOverdrawInspector,this.depthRangeFor3D=[0,1-(e._order.length+2)*this.numSublayers*this.depthEpsilon],this.renderPass="opaque",this.currentLayer=i.length-1;this.currentLayer>=0;this.currentLayer--){var w=this.style._layers[i[this.currentLayer]],T=a[w.source],k=u[w.source];this._renderTileClippingMasks(w,k),this.renderLayer(this,T,w,k)}for(this.renderPass="translucent",this.currentLayer=0;this.currentLayer<i.length;this.currentLayer++){var A=this.style._layers[i[this.currentLayer]],M=a[A.source],S=("symbol"===A.type?h:f)[A.source];this._renderTileClippingMasks(A,u[A.source]),this.renderLayer(this,M,A,S)}this.options.showTileBoundaries&&(t.values(this.style._layers).forEach((function(t){t.source&&!t.isHidden(n.transform.zoom)&&(t.source!==(c&&c.id)&&(c=n.style.sourceCaches[t.source]),(!l||l.getSource().maxzoom<c.getSource().maxzoom)&&(l=c))})),l&&bn.debug(this,l,l.getVisibleCoordinates()));this.options.showPadding&&mn(this),this.context.setDefault()},_n.prototype.renderLayer=function(t,e,r,n){r.isHidden(this.transform.zoom)||("background"===r.type||"custom"===r.type||n.length)&&(this.id=r.id,this.gpuTimingStart(r),bn[r.type](t,e,r,n,this.style.placement.variableOffsets),this.gpuTimingEnd())},_n.prototype.gpuTimingStart=function(t){if(this.options.gpuTiming){var e=this.context.extTimerQuery,r=this.gpuTimers[t.id];r||(r=this.gpuTimers[t.id]={calls:0,cpuTime:0,query:e.createQueryEXT()}),r.calls++,e.beginQueryEXT(e.TIME_ELAPSED_EXT,r.query)}},_n.prototype.gpuTimingEnd=function(){if(this.options.gpuTiming){var t=this.context.extTimerQuery;t.endQueryEXT(t.TIME_ELAPSED_EXT)}},_n.prototype.collectGpuTimers=function(){var t=this.gpuTimers;return this.gpuTimers={},t},_n.prototype.queryGpuTimers=function(t){var e={};for(var r in t){var n=t[r],i=this.context.extTimerQuery,a=i.getQueryObjectEXT(n.query,i.QUERY_RESULT_EXT)/1e6;i.deleteQueryEXT(n.query),e[r]=a}return e},_n.prototype.translatePosMatrix=function(e,r,n,i,a){if(!n[0]&&!n[1])return e;var o=a?"map"===i?this.transform.angle:0:"viewport"===i?-this.transform.angle:0;if(o){var s=Math.sin(o),l=Math.cos(o);n=[n[0]*l-n[1]*s,n[0]*s+n[1]*l]}var c=[a?n[0]:pe(r,n[0],this.transform.zoom),a?n[1]:pe(r,n[1],this.transform.zoom),0],u=new Float32Array(16);return t.translate(u,e,c),u},_n.prototype.saveTileTexture=function(t){var e=this._tileTextures[t.size[0]];e?e.push(t):this._tileTextures[t.size[0]]=[t]},_n.prototype.getTileTexture=function(t){var e=this._tileTextures[t];return e&&e.length>0?e.pop():null},_n.prototype.isPatternMissing=function(t){if(!t)return!1;if(!t.from||!t.to)return!0;var e=this.imageManager.getPattern(t.from.toString()),r=this.imageManager.getPattern(t.to.toString());return!e||!r},_n.prototype.useProgram=function(t,e){this.cache=this.cache||{};var r=""+t+(e?e.cacheKey:"")+(this._showOverdrawInspector?"/overdraw":"");return this.cache[r]||(this.cache[r]=new _r(this.context,xr[t],e,Jr[t],this._showOverdrawInspector)),this.cache[r]},_n.prototype.setCustomLayerDefaults=function(){this.context.unbindVAO(),this.context.cullFace.setDefault(),this.context.activeTexture.setDefault(),this.context.pixelStoreUnpack.setDefault(),this.context.pixelStoreUnpackPremultiplyAlpha.setDefault(),this.context.pixelStoreUnpackFlipY.setDefault()},_n.prototype.setBaseState=function(){var t=this.context.gl;this.context.cullFace.set(!1),this.context.viewport.set([0,0,this.width,this.height]),this.context.blendEquation.set(t.FUNC_ADD)},_n.prototype.initDebugOverlayCanvas=function(){if(null==this.debugOverlayCanvas){this.debugOverlayCanvas=t.window.document.createElement("canvas"),this.debugOverlayCanvas.width=512,this.debugOverlayCanvas.height=512;var e=this.context.gl;this.debugOverlayTexture=new t.Texture(this.context,this.debugOverlayCanvas,e.RGBA)}},_n.prototype.destroy=function(){this.emptyTexture.destroy(),this.debugOverlayTexture&&this.debugOverlayTexture.destroy()};var wn=function(t,e){this.points=t,this.planes=e};wn.fromInvProjectionMatrix=function(e,r,n){var i=Math.pow(2,n),a=[[-1,1,-1,1],[1,1,-1,1],[1,-1,-1,1],[-1,-1,-1,1],[-1,1,1,1],[1,1,1,1],[1,-1,1,1],[-1,-1,1,1]].map((function(r){return t.transformMat4([],r,e)})).map((function(e){return t.scale$1([],e,1/e[3]/r*i)})),o=[[0,1,2],[6,5,4],[0,3,7],[2,1,5],[3,2,6],[0,4,5]].map((function(e){var r=t.sub([],a[e[0]],a[e[1]]),n=t.sub([],a[e[2]],a[e[1]]),i=t.normalize([],t.cross([],r,n)),o=-t.dot(i,a[e[1]]);return i.concat(o)}));return new wn(a,o)};var Tn=function(e,r){this.min=e,this.max=r,this.center=t.scale$2([],t.add([],this.min,this.max),.5)};Tn.prototype.quadrant=function(e){for(var r=[e%2==0,e<2],n=t.clone$2(this.min),i=t.clone$2(this.max),a=0;a<r.length;a++)n[a]=r[a]?this.min[a]:this.center[a],i[a]=r[a]?this.center[a]:this.max[a];return i[2]=this.max[2],new Tn(n,i)},Tn.prototype.distanceX=function(t){return Math.max(Math.min(this.max[0],t[0]),this.min[0])-t[0]},Tn.prototype.distanceY=function(t){return Math.max(Math.min(this.max[1],t[1]),this.min[1])-t[1]},Tn.prototype.intersects=function(e){for(var r=[[this.min[0],this.min[1],0,1],[this.max[0],this.min[1],0,1],[this.max[0],this.max[1],0,1],[this.min[0],this.max[1],0,1]],n=!0,i=0;i<e.planes.length;i++){for(var a=e.planes[i],o=0,s=0;s<r.length;s++)o+=t.dot$1(a,r[s])>=0;if(0===o)return 0;o!==r.length&&(n=!1)}if(n)return 2;for(var l=0;l<3;l++){for(var c=Number.MAX_VALUE,u=-Number.MAX_VALUE,f=0;f<e.points.length;f++){var h=e.points[f][l]-this.min[l];c=Math.min(c,h),u=Math.max(u,h)}if(u<0||c>this.max[l]-this.min[l])return 0}return 1};var kn=function(t,e,r,n){if(void 0===t&&(t=0),void 0===e&&(e=0),void 0===r&&(r=0),void 0===n&&(n=0),isNaN(t)||t<0||isNaN(e)||e<0||isNaN(r)||r<0||isNaN(n)||n<0)throw new Error("Invalid value for edge-insets, top, bottom, left and right must all be numbers");this.top=t,this.bottom=e,this.left=r,this.right=n};kn.prototype.interpolate=function(e,r,n){return null!=r.top&&null!=e.top&&(this.top=t.number(e.top,r.top,n)),null!=r.bottom&&null!=e.bottom&&(this.bottom=t.number(e.bottom,r.bottom,n)),null!=r.left&&null!=e.left&&(this.left=t.number(e.left,r.left,n)),null!=r.right&&null!=e.right&&(this.right=t.number(e.right,r.right,n)),this},kn.prototype.getCenter=function(e,r){var n=t.clamp((this.left+e-this.right)/2,0,e),i=t.clamp((this.top+r-this.bottom)/2,0,r);return new t.Point(n,i)},kn.prototype.equals=function(t){return this.top===t.top&&this.bottom===t.bottom&&this.left===t.left&&this.right===t.right},kn.prototype.clone=function(){return new kn(this.top,this.bottom,this.left,this.right)},kn.prototype.toJSON=function(){return{top:this.top,bottom:this.bottom,left:this.left,right:this.right}};var An=function(e,r,n,i,a){this.tileSize=512,this.maxValidLatitude=85.051129,this._renderWorldCopies=void 0===a||a,this._minZoom=e||0,this._maxZoom=r||22,this._minPitch=null==n?0:n,this._maxPitch=null==i?60:i,this.setMaxBounds(),this.width=0,this.height=0,this._center=new t.LngLat(0,0),this.zoom=0,this.angle=0,this._fov=.6435011087932844,this._pitch=0,this._unmodified=!0,this._edgeInsets=new kn,this._posMatrixCache={},this._alignedPosMatrixCache={}},Mn={minZoom:{configurable:!0},maxZoom:{configurable:!0},minPitch:{configurable:!0},maxPitch:{configurable:!0},renderWorldCopies:{configurable:!0},worldSize:{configurable:!0},centerOffset:{configurable:!0},size:{configurable:!0},bearing:{configurable:!0},pitch:{configurable:!0},fov:{configurable:!0},zoom:{configurable:!0},center:{configurable:!0},padding:{configurable:!0},centerPoint:{configurable:!0},unmodified:{configurable:!0},point:{configurable:!0}};An.prototype.clone=function(){var t=new An(this._minZoom,this._maxZoom,this._minPitch,this.maxPitch,this._renderWorldCopies);return t.tileSize=this.tileSize,t.latRange=this.latRange,t.width=this.width,t.height=this.height,t._center=this._center,t.zoom=this.zoom,t.angle=this.angle,t._fov=this._fov,t._pitch=this._pitch,t._unmodified=this._unmodified,t._edgeInsets=this._edgeInsets.clone(),t._calcMatrices(),t},Mn.minZoom.get=function(){return this._minZoom},Mn.minZoom.set=function(t){this._minZoom!==t&&(this._minZoom=t,this.zoom=Math.max(this.zoom,t))},Mn.maxZoom.get=function(){return this._maxZoom},Mn.maxZoom.set=function(t){this._maxZoom!==t&&(this._maxZoom=t,this.zoom=Math.min(this.zoom,t))},Mn.minPitch.get=function(){return this._minPitch},Mn.minPitch.set=function(t){this._minPitch!==t&&(this._minPitch=t,this.pitch=Math.max(this.pitch,t))},Mn.maxPitch.get=function(){return this._maxPitch},Mn.maxPitch.set=function(t){this._maxPitch!==t&&(this._maxPitch=t,this.pitch=Math.min(this.pitch,t))},Mn.renderWorldCopies.get=function(){return this._renderWorldCopies},Mn.renderWorldCopies.set=function(t){void 0===t?t=!0:null===t&&(t=!1),this._renderWorldCopies=t},Mn.worldSize.get=function(){return this.tileSize*this.scale},Mn.centerOffset.get=function(){return this.centerPoint._sub(this.size._div(2))},Mn.size.get=function(){return new t.Point(this.width,this.height)},Mn.bearing.get=function(){return-this.angle/Math.PI*180},Mn.bearing.set=function(e){var r=-t.wrap(e,-180,180)*Math.PI/180;this.angle!==r&&(this._unmodified=!1,this.angle=r,this._calcMatrices(),this.rotationMatrix=t.create$2(),t.rotate(this.rotationMatrix,this.rotationMatrix,this.angle))},Mn.pitch.get=function(){return this._pitch/Math.PI*180},Mn.pitch.set=function(e){var r=t.clamp(e,this.minPitch,this.maxPitch)/180*Math.PI;this._pitch!==r&&(this._unmodified=!1,this._pitch=r,this._calcMatrices())},Mn.fov.get=function(){return this._fov/Math.PI*180},Mn.fov.set=function(t){t=Math.max(.01,Math.min(60,t)),this._fov!==t&&(this._unmodified=!1,this._fov=t/180*Math.PI,this._calcMatrices())},Mn.zoom.get=function(){return this._zoom},Mn.zoom.set=function(t){var e=Math.min(Math.max(t,this.minZoom),this.maxZoom);this._zoom!==e&&(this._unmodified=!1,this._zoom=e,this.scale=this.zoomScale(e),this.tileZoom=Math.floor(e),this.zoomFraction=e-this.tileZoom,this._constrain(),this._calcMatrices())},Mn.center.get=function(){return this._center},Mn.center.set=function(t){t.lat===this._center.lat&&t.lng===this._center.lng||(this._unmodified=!1,this._center=t,this._constrain(),this._calcMatrices())},Mn.padding.get=function(){return this._edgeInsets.toJSON()},Mn.padding.set=function(t){this._edgeInsets.equals(t)||(this._unmodified=!1,this._edgeInsets.interpolate(this._edgeInsets,t,1),this._calcMatrices())},Mn.centerPoint.get=function(){return this._edgeInsets.getCenter(this.width,this.height)},An.prototype.isPaddingEqual=function(t){return this._edgeInsets.equals(t)},An.prototype.interpolatePadding=function(t,e,r){this._unmodified=!1,this._edgeInsets.interpolate(t,e,r),this._constrain(),this._calcMatrices()},An.prototype.coveringZoomLevel=function(t){var e=(t.roundZoom?Math.round:Math.floor)(this.zoom+this.scaleZoom(this.tileSize/t.tileSize));return Math.max(0,e)},An.prototype.getVisibleUnwrappedCoordinates=function(e){var r=[new t.UnwrappedTileID(0,e)];if(this._renderWorldCopies)for(var n=this.pointCoordinate(new t.Point(0,0)),i=this.pointCoordinate(new t.Point(this.width,0)),a=this.pointCoordinate(new t.Point(this.width,this.height)),o=this.pointCoordinate(new t.Point(0,this.height)),s=Math.floor(Math.min(n.x,i.x,a.x,o.x)),l=Math.floor(Math.max(n.x,i.x,a.x,o.x)),c=s-1;c<=l+1;c++)0!==c&&r.push(new t.UnwrappedTileID(c,e));return r},An.prototype.coveringTiles=function(e){var r=this.coveringZoomLevel(e),n=r;if(void 0!==e.minzoom&&r<e.minzoom)return[];void 0!==e.maxzoom&&r>e.maxzoom&&(r=e.maxzoom);var i=t.MercatorCoordinate.fromLngLat(this.center),a=Math.pow(2,r),o=[a*i.x,a*i.y,0],s=wn.fromInvProjectionMatrix(this.invProjMatrix,this.worldSize,r),l=e.minzoom||0;this.pitch<=60&&this._edgeInsets.top<.1&&(l=r);var c=function(t){return{aabb:new Tn([t*a,0,0],[(t+1)*a,a,0]),zoom:0,x:0,y:0,wrap:t,fullyVisible:!1}},u=[],f=[],h=r,p=e.reparseOverscaled?n:r;if(this._renderWorldCopies)for(var d=1;d<=3;d++)u.push(c(-d)),u.push(c(d));for(u.push(c(0));u.length>0;){var m=u.pop(),g=m.x,v=m.y,y=m.fullyVisible;if(!y){var x=m.aabb.intersects(s);if(0===x)continue;y=2===x}var b=m.aabb.distanceX(o),_=m.aabb.distanceY(o),w=Math.max(Math.abs(b),Math.abs(_)),T=3+(1<<h-m.zoom)-2;if(m.zoom===h||w>T&&m.zoom>=l)f.push({tileID:new t.OverscaledTileID(m.zoom===h?p:m.zoom,m.wrap,m.zoom,g,v),distanceSq:t.sqrLen([o[0]-.5-g,o[1]-.5-v])});else for(var k=0;k<4;k++){var A=(g<<1)+k%2,M=(v<<1)+(k>>1);u.push({aabb:m.aabb.quadrant(k),zoom:m.zoom+1,x:A,y:M,wrap:m.wrap,fullyVisible:y})}}return f.sort((function(t,e){return t.distanceSq-e.distanceSq})).map((function(t){return t.tileID}))},An.prototype.resize=function(t,e){this.width=t,this.height=e,this.pixelsToGLUnits=[2/t,-2/e],this._constrain(),this._calcMatrices()},Mn.unmodified.get=function(){return this._unmodified},An.prototype.zoomScale=function(t){return Math.pow(2,t)},An.prototype.scaleZoom=function(t){return Math.log(t)/Math.LN2},An.prototype.project=function(e){var r=t.clamp(e.lat,-this.maxValidLatitude,this.maxValidLatitude);return new t.Point(t.mercatorXfromLng(e.lng)*this.worldSize,t.mercatorYfromLat(r)*this.worldSize)},An.prototype.unproject=function(e){return new t.MercatorCoordinate(e.x/this.worldSize,e.y/this.worldSize).toLngLat()},Mn.point.get=function(){return this.project(this.center)},An.prototype.setLocationAtPoint=function(e,r){var n=this.pointCoordinate(r),i=this.pointCoordinate(this.centerPoint),a=this.locationCoordinate(e),o=new t.MercatorCoordinate(a.x-(n.x-i.x),a.y-(n.y-i.y));this.center=this.coordinateLocation(o),this._renderWorldCopies&&(this.center=this.center.wrap())},An.prototype.locationPoint=function(t){return this.coordinatePoint(this.locationCoordinate(t))},An.prototype.pointLocation=function(t){return this.coordinateLocation(this.pointCoordinate(t))},An.prototype.locationCoordinate=function(e){return t.MercatorCoordinate.fromLngLat(e)},An.prototype.coordinateLocation=function(t){return t.toLngLat()},An.prototype.pointCoordinate=function(e){var r=[e.x,e.y,0,1],n=[e.x,e.y,1,1];t.transformMat4(r,r,this.pixelMatrixInverse),t.transformMat4(n,n,this.pixelMatrixInverse);var i=r[3],a=n[3],o=r[0]/i,s=n[0]/a,l=r[1]/i,c=n[1]/a,u=r[2]/i,f=n[2]/a,h=u===f?0:(0-u)/(f-u);return new t.MercatorCoordinate(t.number(o,s,h)/this.worldSize,t.number(l,c,h)/this.worldSize)},An.prototype.coordinatePoint=function(e){var r=[e.x*this.worldSize,e.y*this.worldSize,0,1];return t.transformMat4(r,r,this.pixelMatrix),new t.Point(r[0]/r[3],r[1]/r[3])},An.prototype.getBounds=function(){return(new t.LngLatBounds).extend(this.pointLocation(new t.Point(0,0))).extend(this.pointLocation(new t.Point(this.width,0))).extend(this.pointLocation(new t.Point(this.width,this.height))).extend(this.pointLocation(new t.Point(0,this.height)))},An.prototype.getMaxBounds=function(){return this.latRange&&2===this.latRange.length&&this.lngRange&&2===this.lngRange.length?new t.LngLatBounds([this.lngRange[0],this.latRange[0]],[this.lngRange[1],this.latRange[1]]):null},An.prototype.setMaxBounds=function(t){t?(this.lngRange=[t.getWest(),t.getEast()],this.latRange=[t.getSouth(),t.getNorth()],this._constrain()):(this.lngRange=null,this.latRange=[-this.maxValidLatitude,this.maxValidLatitude])},An.prototype.calculatePosMatrix=function(e,r){void 0===r&&(r=!1);var n=e.key,i=r?this._alignedPosMatrixCache:this._posMatrixCache;if(i[n])return i[n];var a=e.canonical,o=this.worldSize/this.zoomScale(a.z),s=a.x+Math.pow(2,a.z)*e.wrap,l=t.identity(new Float64Array(16));return t.translate(l,l,[s*o,a.y*o,0]),t.scale(l,l,[o/t.EXTENT,o/t.EXTENT,1]),t.multiply(l,r?this.alignedProjMatrix:this.projMatrix,l),i[n]=new Float32Array(l),i[n]},An.prototype.customLayerMatrix=function(){return this.mercatorMatrix.slice()},An.prototype._constrain=function(){if(this.center&&this.width&&this.height&&!this._constraining){this._constraining=!0;var e,r,n,i,a=-90,o=90,s=-180,l=180,c=this.size,u=this._unmodified;if(this.latRange){var f=this.latRange;a=t.mercatorYfromLat(f[1])*this.worldSize,e=(o=t.mercatorYfromLat(f[0])*this.worldSize)-a<c.y?c.y/(o-a):0}if(this.lngRange){var h=this.lngRange;s=t.mercatorXfromLng(h[0])*this.worldSize,r=(l=t.mercatorXfromLng(h[1])*this.worldSize)-s<c.x?c.x/(l-s):0}var p=this.point,d=Math.max(r||0,e||0);if(d)return this.center=this.unproject(new t.Point(r?(l+s)/2:p.x,e?(o+a)/2:p.y)),this.zoom+=this.scaleZoom(d),this._unmodified=u,void(this._constraining=!1);if(this.latRange){var m=p.y,g=c.y/2;m-g<a&&(i=a+g),m+g>o&&(i=o-g)}if(this.lngRange){var v=p.x,y=c.x/2;v-y<s&&(n=s+y),v+y>l&&(n=l-y)}void 0===n&&void 0===i||(this.center=this.unproject(new t.Point(void 0!==n?n:p.x,void 0!==i?i:p.y))),this._unmodified=u,this._constraining=!1}},An.prototype._calcMatrices=function(){if(this.height){var e=this._fov/2,r=this.centerOffset;this.cameraToCenterDistance=.5/Math.tan(e)*this.height;var n=Math.PI/2+this._pitch,i=this._fov*(.5+r.y/this.height),a=Math.sin(i)*this.cameraToCenterDistance/Math.sin(t.clamp(Math.PI-n-i,.01,Math.PI-.01)),o=this.point,s=o.x,l=o.y,c=1.01*(Math.cos(Math.PI/2-this._pitch)*a+this.cameraToCenterDistance),u=this.height/50,f=new Float64Array(16);t.perspective(f,this._fov,this.width/this.height,u,c),f[8]=2*-r.x/this.width,f[9]=2*r.y/this.height,t.scale(f,f,[1,-1,1]),t.translate(f,f,[0,0,-this.cameraToCenterDistance]),t.rotateX(f,f,this._pitch),t.rotateZ(f,f,this.angle),t.translate(f,f,[-s,-l,0]),this.mercatorMatrix=t.scale([],f,[this.worldSize,this.worldSize,this.worldSize]),t.scale(f,f,[1,1,t.mercatorZfromAltitude(1,this.center.lat)*this.worldSize,1]),this.projMatrix=f,this.invProjMatrix=t.invert([],this.projMatrix);var h=this.width%2/2,p=this.height%2/2,d=Math.cos(this.angle),m=Math.sin(this.angle),g=s-Math.round(s)+d*h+m*p,v=l-Math.round(l)+d*p+m*h,y=new Float64Array(f);if(t.translate(y,y,[g>.5?g-1:g,v>.5?v-1:v,0]),this.alignedProjMatrix=y,f=t.create(),t.scale(f,f,[this.width/2,-this.height/2,1]),t.translate(f,f,[1,-1,0]),this.labelPlaneMatrix=f,f=t.create(),t.scale(f,f,[1,-1,1]),t.translate(f,f,[-1,-1,0]),t.scale(f,f,[2/this.width,2/this.height,1]),this.glCoordMatrix=f,this.pixelMatrix=t.multiply(new Float64Array(16),this.labelPlaneMatrix,this.projMatrix),!(f=t.invert(new Float64Array(16),this.pixelMatrix)))throw new Error("failed to invert matrix");this.pixelMatrixInverse=f,this._posMatrixCache={},this._alignedPosMatrixCache={}}},An.prototype.maxPitchScaleFactor=function(){if(!this.pixelMatrixInverse)return 1;var e=this.pointCoordinate(new t.Point(0,0)),r=[e.x*this.worldSize,e.y*this.worldSize,0,1];return t.transformMat4(r,r,this.pixelMatrix)[3]/this.cameraToCenterDistance},An.prototype.getCameraPoint=function(){var e=this._pitch,r=Math.tan(e)*(this.cameraToCenterDistance||1);return this.centerPoint.add(new t.Point(0,r))},An.prototype.getCameraQueryGeometry=function(e){var r=this.getCameraPoint();if(1===e.length)return[e[0],r];for(var n=r.x,i=r.y,a=r.x,o=r.y,s=0,l=e;s<l.length;s+=1){var c=l[s];n=Math.min(n,c.x),i=Math.min(i,c.y),a=Math.max(a,c.x),o=Math.max(o,c.y)}return[new t.Point(n,i),new t.Point(a,i),new t.Point(a,o),new t.Point(n,o),new t.Point(n,i)]},Object.defineProperties(An.prototype,Mn);var Sn=function(e){var r,n,i,a,o;this._hashName=e&&encodeURIComponent(e),t.bindAll(["_getCurrentHash","_onHashChange","_updateHash"],this),this._updateHash=(r=this._updateHashUnthrottled.bind(this),n=300,i=!1,a=null,o=function(){a=null,i&&(r(),a=setTimeout(o,n),i=!1)},function(){return i=!0,a||o(),a})};Sn.prototype.addTo=function(e){return this._map=e,t.window.addEventListener("hashchange",this._onHashChange,!1),this._map.on("moveend",this._updateHash),this},Sn.prototype.remove=function(){return t.window.removeEventListener("hashchange",this._onHashChange,!1),this._map.off("moveend",this._updateHash),clearTimeout(this._updateHash()),delete this._map,this},Sn.prototype.getHashString=function(e){var r=this._map.getCenter(),n=Math.round(100*this._map.getZoom())/100,i=Math.ceil((n*Math.LN2+Math.log(512/360/.5))/Math.LN10),a=Math.pow(10,i),o=Math.round(r.lng*a)/a,s=Math.round(r.lat*a)/a,l=this._map.getBearing(),c=this._map.getPitch(),u="";if(u+=e?"/"+o+"/"+s+"/"+n:n+"/"+s+"/"+o,(l||c)&&(u+="/"+Math.round(10*l)/10),c&&(u+="/"+Math.round(c)),this._hashName){var f=this._hashName,h=!1,p=t.window.location.hash.slice(1).split("&").map((function(t){var e=t.split("=")[0];return e===f?(h=!0,e+"="+u):t})).filter((function(t){return t}));return h||p.push(f+"="+u),"#"+p.join("&")}return"#"+u},Sn.prototype._getCurrentHash=function(){var e,r=this,n=t.window.location.hash.replace("#","");return this._hashName?(n.split("&").map((function(t){return t.split("=")})).forEach((function(t){t[0]===r._hashName&&(e=t)})),(e&&e[1]||"").split("/")):n.split("/")},Sn.prototype._onHashChange=function(){var t=this._getCurrentHash();if(t.length>=3&&!t.some((function(t){return isNaN(t)}))){var e=this._map.dragRotate.isEnabled()&&this._map.touchZoomRotate.isEnabled()?+(t[3]||0):this._map.getBearing();return this._map.jumpTo({center:[+t[2],+t[1]],zoom:+t[0],bearing:e,pitch:+(t[4]||0)}),!0}return!1},Sn.prototype._updateHashUnthrottled=function(){var e=this.getHashString();try{t.window.history.replaceState(t.window.history.state,"",e)}catch(t){}};var En={linearity:.3,easing:t.bezier(0,0,.3,1)},Ln=t.extend({deceleration:2500,maxSpeed:1400},En),Cn=t.extend({deceleration:20,maxSpeed:1400},En),Pn=t.extend({deceleration:1e3,maxSpeed:360},En),In=t.extend({deceleration:1e3,maxSpeed:90},En),On=function(t){this._map=t,this.clear()};function zn(t,e){(!t.duration||t.duration<e.duration)&&(t.duration=e.duration,t.easing=e.easing)}function Dn(e,r,n){var i=n.maxSpeed,a=n.linearity,o=n.deceleration,s=t.clamp(e*a/(r/1e3),-i,i),l=Math.abs(s)/(o*a);return{easing:n.easing,duration:1e3*l,amount:s*(l/2)}}On.prototype.clear=function(){this._inertiaBuffer=[]},On.prototype.record=function(e){this._drainInertiaBuffer(),this._inertiaBuffer.push({time:t.browser.now(),settings:e})},On.prototype._drainInertiaBuffer=function(){for(var e=this._inertiaBuffer,r=t.browser.now();e.length>0&&r-e[0].time>160;)e.shift()},On.prototype._onMoveEnd=function(e){if(this._drainInertiaBuffer(),!(this._inertiaBuffer.length<2)){for(var r={zoom:0,bearing:0,pitch:0,pan:new t.Point(0,0),pinchAround:void 0,around:void 0},n=0,i=this._inertiaBuffer;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n].settings;r.zoom+=a.zoomDelta||0,r.bearing+=a.bearingDelta||0,r.pitch+=a.pitchDelta||0,a.panDelta&&r.pan._add(a.panDelta),a.around&&(r.around=a.around),a.pinchAround&&(r.pinchAround=a.pinchAround)}var o=this._inertiaBuffer[this._inertiaBuffer.length-1].time-this._inertiaBuffer[0].time,s={};if(r.pan.mag()){var l=Dn(r.pan.mag(),o,t.extend({},Ln,e||{}));s.offset=r.pan.mult(l.amount/r.pan.mag()),s.center=this._map.transform.center,zn(s,l)}if(r.zoom){var c=Dn(r.zoom,o,Cn);s.zoom=this._map.transform.zoom+c.amount,zn(s,c)}if(r.bearing){var u=Dn(r.bearing,o,Pn);s.bearing=this._map.transform.bearing+t.clamp(u.amount,-179,179),zn(s,u)}if(r.pitch){var f=Dn(r.pitch,o,In);s.pitch=this._map.transform.pitch+f.amount,zn(s,f)}if(s.zoom||s.bearing){var h=void 0===r.pinchAround?r.around:r.pinchAround;s.around=h?this._map.unproject(h):this._map.getCenter()}return this.clear(),t.extend(s,{noMoveStart:!0})}};var Rn=function(e){function n(n,i,a,o){void 0===o&&(o={});var s=r.mousePos(i.getCanvasContainer(),a),l=i.unproject(s);e.call(this,n,t.extend({point:s,lngLat:l,originalEvent:a},o)),this._defaultPrevented=!1,this.target=i}e&&(n.__proto__=e),n.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),n.prototype.constructor=n;var i={defaultPrevented:{configurable:!0}};return n.prototype.preventDefault=function(){this._defaultPrevented=!0},i.defaultPrevented.get=function(){return this._defaultPrevented},Object.defineProperties(n.prototype,i),n}(t.Event),Fn=function(e){function n(n,i,a){var o="touchend"===n?a.changedTouches:a.touches,s=r.touchPos(i.getCanvasContainer(),o),l=s.map((function(t){return i.unproject(t)})),c=s.reduce((function(t,e,r,n){return t.add(e.div(n.length))}),new t.Point(0,0)),u=i.unproject(c);e.call(this,n,{points:s,point:c,lngLats:l,lngLat:u,originalEvent:a}),this._defaultPrevented=!1}e&&(n.__proto__=e),n.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),n.prototype.constructor=n;var i={defaultPrevented:{configurable:!0}};return n.prototype.preventDefault=function(){this._defaultPrevented=!0},i.defaultPrevented.get=function(){return this._defaultPrevented},Object.defineProperties(n.prototype,i),n}(t.Event),Bn=function(t){function e(e,r,n){t.call(this,e,{originalEvent:n}),this._defaultPrevented=!1}t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e;var r={defaultPrevented:{configurable:!0}};return e.prototype.preventDefault=function(){this._defaultPrevented=!0},r.defaultPrevented.get=function(){return this._defaultPrevented},Object.defineProperties(e.prototype,r),e}(t.Event),Nn=function(t,e){this._map=t,this._clickTolerance=e.clickTolerance};Nn.prototype.reset=function(){delete this._mousedownPos},Nn.prototype.wheel=function(t){return this._firePreventable(new Bn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype.mousedown=function(t,e){return this._mousedownPos=e,this._firePreventable(new Rn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype.mouseup=function(t){this._map.fire(new Rn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype.click=function(t,e){this._mousedownPos&&this._mousedownPos.dist(e)>=this._clickTolerance||this._map.fire(new Rn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype.dblclick=function(t){return this._firePreventable(new Rn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype.mouseover=function(t){this._map.fire(new Rn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype.mouseout=function(t){this._map.fire(new Rn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype.touchstart=function(t){return this._firePreventable(new Fn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype.touchmove=function(t){this._map.fire(new Fn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype.touchend=function(t){this._map.fire(new Fn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype.touchcancel=function(t){this._map.fire(new Fn(t.type,this._map,t))},Nn.prototype._firePreventable=function(t){if(this._map.fire(t),t.defaultPrevented)return{}},Nn.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return!0},Nn.prototype.isActive=function(){return!1},Nn.prototype.enable=function(){},Nn.prototype.disable=function(){};var jn=function(t){this._map=t};jn.prototype.reset=function(){this._delayContextMenu=!1,delete this._contextMenuEvent},jn.prototype.mousemove=function(t){this._map.fire(new Rn(t.type,this._map,t))},jn.prototype.mousedown=function(){this._delayContextMenu=!0},jn.prototype.mouseup=function(){this._delayContextMenu=!1,this._contextMenuEvent&&(this._map.fire(new Rn("contextmenu",this._map,this._contextMenuEvent)),delete this._contextMenuEvent)},jn.prototype.contextmenu=function(t){this._delayContextMenu?this._contextMenuEvent=t:this._map.fire(new Rn(t.type,this._map,t)),this._map.listens("contextmenu")&&t.preventDefault()},jn.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return!0},jn.prototype.isActive=function(){return!1},jn.prototype.enable=function(){},jn.prototype.disable=function(){};var Un=function(t,e){this._map=t,this._el=t.getCanvasContainer(),this._container=t.getContainer(),this._clickTolerance=e.clickTolerance||1};function Vn(t,e){for(var r={},n=0;n<t.length;n++)r[t[n].identifier]=e[n];return r}Un.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return!!this._enabled},Un.prototype.isActive=function(){return!!this._active},Un.prototype.enable=function(){this.isEnabled()||(this._enabled=!0)},Un.prototype.disable=function(){this.isEnabled()&&(this._enabled=!1)},Un.prototype.mousedown=function(t,e){this.isEnabled()&&t.shiftKey&&0===t.button&&(r.disableDrag(),this._startPos=this._lastPos=e,this._active=!0)},Un.prototype.mousemoveWindow=function(t,e){if(this._active){var n=e;if(!(this._lastPos.equals(n)||!this._box&&n.dist(this._startPos)<this._clickTolerance)){var i=this._startPos;this._lastPos=n,this._box||(this._box=r.create("div","mapboxgl-boxzoom",this._container),this._container.classList.add("mapboxgl-crosshair"),this._fireEvent("boxzoomstart",t));var a=Math.min(i.x,n.x),o=Math.max(i.x,n.x),s=Math.min(i.y,n.y),l=Math.max(i.y,n.y);r.setTransform(this._box,"translate("+a+"px,"+s+"px)"),this._box.style.width=o-a+"px",this._box.style.height=l-s+"px"}}},Un.prototype.mouseupWindow=function(e,n){var i=this;if(this._active&&0===e.button){var a=this._startPos,o=n;if(this.reset(),r.suppressClick(),a.x!==o.x||a.y!==o.y)return this._map.fire(new t.Event("boxzoomend",{originalEvent:e})),{cameraAnimation:function(t){return t.fitScreenCoordinates(a,o,i._map.getBearing(),{linear:!0})}};this._fireEvent("boxzoomcancel",e)}},Un.prototype.keydown=function(t){this._active&&27===t.keyCode&&(this.reset(),this._fireEvent("boxzoomcancel",t))},Un.prototype.reset=function(){this._active=!1,this._container.classList.remove("mapboxgl-crosshair"),this._box&&(r.remove(this._box),this._box=null),r.enableDrag(),delete this._startPos,delete this._lastPos},Un.prototype._fireEvent=function(e,r){return this._map.fire(new t.Event(e,{originalEvent:r}))};var Hn=function(t){this.reset(),this.numTouches=t.numTouches};Hn.prototype.reset=function(){delete this.centroid,delete this.startTime,delete this.touches,this.aborted=!1},Hn.prototype.touchstart=function(e,r,n){(this.centroid||n.length>this.numTouches)&&(this.aborted=!0),this.aborted||(void 0===this.startTime&&(this.startTime=e.timeStamp),n.length===this.numTouches&&(this.centroid=function(e){for(var r=new t.Point(0,0),n=0,i=e;n<i.length;n+=1){var a=i[n];r._add(a)}return r.div(e.length)}(r),this.touches=Vn(n,r)))},Hn.prototype.touchmove=function(t,e,r){if(!this.aborted&&this.centroid){var n=Vn(r,e);for(var i in this.touches){var a=this.touches[i],o=n[i];(!o||o.dist(a)>30)&&(this.aborted=!0)}}},Hn.prototype.touchend=function(t,e,r){if((!this.centroid||t.timeStamp-this.startTime>500)&&(this.aborted=!0),0===r.length){var n=!this.aborted&&this.centroid;if(this.reset(),n)return n}};var qn=function(t){this.singleTap=new Hn(t),this.numTaps=t.numTaps,this.reset()};qn.prototype.reset=function(){this.lastTime=1/0,delete this.lastTap,this.count=0,this.singleTap.reset()},qn.prototype.touchstart=function(t,e,r){this.singleTap.touchstart(t,e,r)},qn.prototype.touchmove=function(t,e,r){this.singleTap.touchmove(t,e,r)},qn.prototype.touchend=function(t,e,r){var n=this.singleTap.touchend(t,e,r);if(n){var i=t.timeStamp-this.lastTime<500,a=!this.lastTap||this.lastTap.dist(n)<30;if(i&&a||this.reset(),this.count++,this.lastTime=t.timeStamp,this.lastTap=n,this.count===this.numTaps)return this.reset(),n}};var Gn=function(){this._zoomIn=new qn({numTouches:1,numTaps:2}),this._zoomOut=new qn({numTouches:2,numTaps:1}),this.reset()};Gn.prototype.reset=function(){this._active=!1,this._zoomIn.reset(),this._zoomOut.reset()},Gn.prototype.touchstart=function(t,e,r){this._zoomIn.touchstart(t,e,r),this._zoomOut.touchstart(t,e,r)},Gn.prototype.touchmove=function(t,e,r){this._zoomIn.touchmove(t,e,r),this._zoomOut.touchmove(t,e,r)},Gn.prototype.touchend=function(t,e,r){var n=this,i=this._zoomIn.touchend(t,e,r),a=this._zoomOut.touchend(t,e,r);return i?(this._active=!0,t.preventDefault(),setTimeout((function(){return n.reset()}),0),{cameraAnimation:function(e){return e.easeTo({duration:300,zoom:e.getZoom()+1,around:e.unproject(i)},{originalEvent:t})}}):a?(this._active=!0,t.preventDefault(),setTimeout((function(){return n.reset()}),0),{cameraAnimation:function(e){return e.easeTo({duration:300,zoom:e.getZoom()-1,around:e.unproject(a)},{originalEvent:t})}}):void 0},Gn.prototype.touchcancel=function(){this.reset()},Gn.prototype.enable=function(){this._enabled=!0},Gn.prototype.disable=function(){this._enabled=!1,this.reset()},Gn.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._enabled},Gn.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._active};var Yn=function(t){this.reset(),this._clickTolerance=t.clickTolerance||1};Yn.prototype.reset=function(){this._active=!1,this._moved=!1,delete this._lastPoint,delete this._eventButton},Yn.prototype._correctButton=function(t,e){return!1},Yn.prototype._move=function(t,e){return{}},Yn.prototype.mousedown=function(t,e){if(!this._lastPoint){var n=r.mouseButton(t);this._correctButton(t,n)&&(this._lastPoint=e,this._eventButton=n)}},Yn.prototype.mousemoveWindow=function(t,e){var r=this._lastPoint;if(r&&(t.preventDefault(),this._moved||!(e.dist(r)<this._clickTolerance)))return this._moved=!0,this._lastPoint=e,this._move(r,e)},Yn.prototype.mouseupWindow=function(t){r.mouseButton(t)===this._eventButton&&(this._moved&&r.suppressClick(),this.reset())},Yn.prototype.enable=function(){this._enabled=!0},Yn.prototype.disable=function(){this._enabled=!1,this.reset()},Yn.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._enabled},Yn.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._active};var Wn=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.mousedown=function(e,r){t.prototype.mousedown.call(this,e,r),this._lastPoint&&(this._active=!0)},e.prototype._correctButton=function(t,e){return 0===e&&!t.ctrlKey},e.prototype._move=function(t,e){return{around:e,panDelta:e.sub(t)}},e}(Yn),Zn=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._correctButton=function(t,e){return 0===e&&t.ctrlKey||2===e},e.prototype._move=function(t,e){var r=.8*(e.x-t.x);if(r)return this._active=!0,{bearingDelta:r}},e.prototype.contextmenu=function(t){t.preventDefault()},e}(Yn),Xn=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype._correctButton=function(t,e){return 0===e&&t.ctrlKey||2===e},e.prototype._move=function(t,e){var r=-.5*(e.y-t.y);if(r)return this._active=!0,{pitchDelta:r}},e.prototype.contextmenu=function(t){t.preventDefault()},e}(Yn),Jn=function(t){this._minTouches=1,this._clickTolerance=t.clickTolerance||1,this.reset()};Jn.prototype.reset=function(){this._active=!1,this._touches={},this._sum=new t.Point(0,0)},Jn.prototype.touchstart=function(t,e,r){return this._calculateTransform(t,e,r)},Jn.prototype.touchmove=function(t,e,r){if(this._active)return t.preventDefault(),this._calculateTransform(t,e,r)},Jn.prototype.touchend=function(t,e,r){this._calculateTransform(t,e,r),this._active&&r.length<this._minTouches&&this.reset()},Jn.prototype.touchcancel=function(){this.reset()},Jn.prototype._calculateTransform=function(e,r,n){n.length>0&&(this._active=!0);var i=Vn(n,r),a=new t.Point(0,0),o=new t.Point(0,0),s=0;for(var l in i){var c=i[l],u=this._touches[l];u&&(a._add(c),o._add(c.sub(u)),s++,i[l]=c)}if(this._touches=i,!(s<this._minTouches)&&o.mag()){var f=o.div(s);if(this._sum._add(f),!(this._sum.mag()<this._clickTolerance))return{around:a.div(s),panDelta:f}}},Jn.prototype.enable=function(){this._enabled=!0},Jn.prototype.disable=function(){this._enabled=!1,this.reset()},Jn.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._enabled},Jn.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._active};var Kn=function(){this.reset()};function Qn(t,e,r){for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++)if(t[n].identifier===r)return e[n]}Kn.prototype.reset=function(){this._active=!1,delete this._firstTwoTouches},Kn.prototype._start=function(t){},Kn.prototype._move=function(t,e,r){return{}},Kn.prototype.touchstart=function(t,e,r){this._firstTwoTouches||r.length<2||(this._firstTwoTouches=[r[0].identifier,r[1].identifier],this._start([e[0],e[1]]))},Kn.prototype.touchmove=function(t,e,r){if(this._firstTwoTouches){t.preventDefault();var n=this._firstTwoTouches,i=n[0],a=n[1],o=Qn(r,e,i),s=Qn(r,e,a);if(o&&s){var l=this._aroundCenter?null:o.add(s).div(2);return this._move([o,s],l,t)}}},Kn.prototype.touchend=function(t,e,n){if(this._firstTwoTouches){var i=this._firstTwoTouches,a=i[0],o=i[1],s=Qn(n,e,a),l=Qn(n,e,o);s&&l||(this._active&&r.suppressClick(),this.reset())}},Kn.prototype.touchcancel=function(){this.reset()},Kn.prototype.enable=function(t){this._enabled=!0,this._aroundCenter=!!t&&"center"===t.around},Kn.prototype.disable=function(){this._enabled=!1,this.reset()},Kn.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._enabled},Kn.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._active};function $n(t,e){return Math.log(t/e)/Math.LN2}var ti=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.reset=function(){t.prototype.reset.call(this),delete this._distance,delete this._startDistance},e.prototype._start=function(t){this._startDistance=this._distance=t[0].dist(t[1])},e.prototype._move=function(t,e){var r=this._distance;if(this._distance=t[0].dist(t[1]),this._active||!(Math.abs($n(this._distance,this._startDistance))<.1))return this._active=!0,{zoomDelta:$n(this._distance,r),pinchAround:e}},e}(Kn);function ei(t,e){return 180*t.angleWith(e)/Math.PI}var ri=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.reset=function(){t.prototype.reset.call(this),delete this._minDiameter,delete this._startVector,delete this._vector},e.prototype._start=function(t){this._startVector=this._vector=t[0].sub(t[1]),this._minDiameter=t[0].dist(t[1])},e.prototype._move=function(t,e){var r=this._vector;if(this._vector=t[0].sub(t[1]),this._active||!this._isBelowThreshold(this._vector))return this._active=!0,{bearingDelta:ei(this._vector,r),pinchAround:e}},e.prototype._isBelowThreshold=function(t){this._minDiameter=Math.min(this._minDiameter,t.mag());var e=25/(Math.PI*this._minDiameter)*360,r=ei(t,this._startVector);return Math.abs(r)<e},e}(Kn);function ni(t){return Math.abs(t.y)>Math.abs(t.x)}var ii=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e.prototype.reset=function(){t.prototype.reset.call(this),this._valid=void 0,delete this._firstMove,delete this._lastPoints},e.prototype._start=function(t){this._lastPoints=t,ni(t[0].sub(t[1]))&&(this._valid=!1)},e.prototype._move=function(t,e,r){var n=t[0].sub(this._lastPoints[0]),i=t[1].sub(this._lastPoints[1]);if(this._valid=this.gestureBeginsVertically(n,i,r.timeStamp),this._valid){this._lastPoints=t,this._active=!0;return{pitchDelta:-.5*((n.y+i.y)/2)}}},e.prototype.gestureBeginsVertically=function(t,e,r){if(void 0!==this._valid)return this._valid;var n=t.mag()>=2,i=e.mag()>=2;if(n||i){if(!n||!i)return void 0===this._firstMove&&(this._firstMove=r),r-this._firstMove<100&&void 0;var a=t.y>0==e.y>0;return ni(t)&&ni(e)&&a}},e}(Kn),ai={panStep:100,bearingStep:15,pitchStep:10},oi=function(){var t=ai;this._panStep=t.panStep,this._bearingStep=t.bearingStep,this._pitchStep=t.pitchStep};function si(t){return t*(2-t)}oi.prototype.reset=function(){this._active=!1},oi.prototype.keydown=function(t){var e=this;if(!(t.altKey||t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey)){var r=0,n=0,i=0,a=0,o=0;switch(t.keyCode){case 61:case 107:case 171:case 187:r=1;break;case 189:case 109:case 173:r=-1;break;case 37:t.shiftKey?n=-1:(t.preventDefault(),a=-1);break;case 39:t.shiftKey?n=1:(t.preventDefault(),a=1);break;case 38:t.shiftKey?i=1:(t.preventDefault(),o=-1);break;case 40:t.shiftKey?i=-1:(t.preventDefault(),o=1);break;default:return}return{cameraAnimation:function(s){var l=s.getZoom();s.easeTo({duration:300,easeId:"keyboardHandler",easing:si,zoom:r?Math.round(l)+r*(t.shiftKey?2:1):l,bearing:s.getBearing()+n*e._bearingStep,pitch:s.getPitch()+i*e._pitchStep,offset:[-a*e._panStep,-o*e._panStep],center:s.getCenter()},{originalEvent:t})}}}},oi.prototype.enable=function(){this._enabled=!0},oi.prototype.disable=function(){this._enabled=!1,this.reset()},oi.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._enabled},oi.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._active};var li=function(e,r){this._map=e,this._el=e.getCanvasContainer(),this._handler=r,this._delta=0,this._defaultZoomRate=.01,this._wheelZoomRate=1/450,t.bindAll(["_onWheel","_onTimeout","_onScrollFrame","_onScrollFinished"],this)};li.prototype.setZoomRate=function(t){this._defaultZoomRate=t},li.prototype.setWheelZoomRate=function(t){this._wheelZoomRate=t},li.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return!!this._enabled},li.prototype.isActive=function(){return!!this._active||void 0!==this._finishTimeout},li.prototype.isZooming=function(){return!!this._zooming},li.prototype.enable=function(t){this.isEnabled()||(this._enabled=!0,this._aroundCenter=t&&"center"===t.around)},li.prototype.disable=function(){this.isEnabled()&&(this._enabled=!1)},li.prototype.wheel=function(e){if(this.isEnabled()){var r=e.deltaMode===t.window.WheelEvent.DOM_DELTA_LINE?40*e.deltaY:e.deltaY,n=t.browser.now(),i=n-(this._lastWheelEventTime||0);this._lastWheelEventTime=n,0!==r&&r%4.000244140625==0?this._type="wheel":0!==r&&Math.abs(r)<4?this._type="trackpad":i>400?(this._type=null,this._lastValue=r,this._timeout=setTimeout(this._onTimeout,40,e)):this._type||(this._type=Math.abs(i*r)<200?"trackpad":"wheel",this._timeout&&(clearTimeout(this._timeout),this._timeout=null,r+=this._lastValue)),e.shiftKey&&r&&(r/=4),this._type&&(this._lastWheelEvent=e,this._delta-=r,this._active||this._start(e)),e.preventDefault()}},li.prototype._onTimeout=function(t){this._type="wheel",this._delta-=this._lastValue,this._active||this._start(t)},li.prototype._start=function(e){if(this._delta){this._frameId&&(this._frameId=null),this._active=!0,this.isZooming()||(this._zooming=!0),this._finishTimeout&&(clearTimeout(this._finishTimeout),delete this._finishTimeout);var n=r.mousePos(this._el,e);this._around=t.LngLat.convert(this._aroundCenter?this._map.getCenter():this._map.unproject(n)),this._aroundPoint=this._map.transform.locationPoint(this._around),this._frameId||(this._frameId=!0,this._handler._triggerRenderFrame())}},li.prototype.renderFrame=function(){return this._onScrollFrame()},li.prototype._onScrollFrame=function(){var e=this;if(this._frameId&&(this._frameId=null,this.isActive())){var r=this._map.transform;if(0!==this._delta){var n="wheel"===this._type&&Math.abs(this._delta)>4.000244140625?this._wheelZoomRate:this._defaultZoomRate,i=2/(1+Math.exp(-Math.abs(this._delta*n)));this._delta<0&&0!==i&&(i=1/i);var a="number"==typeof this._targetZoom?r.zoomScale(this._targetZoom):r.scale;this._targetZoom=Math.min(r.maxZoom,Math.max(r.minZoom,r.scaleZoom(a*i))),"wheel"===this._type&&(this._startZoom=r.zoom,this._easing=this._smoothOutEasing(200)),this._delta=0}var o,s="number"==typeof this._targetZoom?this._targetZoom:r.zoom,l=this._startZoom,c=this._easing,u=!1;if("wheel"===this._type&&l&&c){var f=Math.min((t.browser.now()-this._lastWheelEventTime)/200,1),h=c(f);o=t.number(l,s,h),f<1?this._frameId||(this._frameId=!0):u=!0}else o=s,u=!0;return this._active=!0,u&&(this._active=!1,this._finishTimeout=setTimeout((function(){e._zooming=!1,e._handler._triggerRenderFrame(),delete e._targetZoom,delete e._finishTimeout}),200)),{noInertia:!0,needsRenderFrame:!u,zoomDelta:o-r.zoom,around:this._aroundPoint,originalEvent:this._lastWheelEvent}}},li.prototype._smoothOutEasing=function(e){var r=t.ease;if(this._prevEase){var n=this._prevEase,i=(t.browser.now()-n.start)/n.duration,a=n.easing(i+.01)-n.easing(i),o=.27/Math.sqrt(a*a+1e-4)*.01,s=Math.sqrt(.0729-o*o);r=t.bezier(o,s,.25,1)}return this._prevEase={start:t.browser.now(),duration:e,easing:r},r},li.prototype.reset=function(){this._active=!1};var ci=function(t,e){this._clickZoom=t,this._tapZoom=e};ci.prototype.enable=function(){this._clickZoom.enable(),this._tapZoom.enable()},ci.prototype.disable=function(){this._clickZoom.disable(),this._tapZoom.disable()},ci.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._clickZoom.isEnabled()&&this._tapZoom.isEnabled()},ci.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._clickZoom.isActive()||this._tapZoom.isActive()};var ui=function(){this.reset()};ui.prototype.reset=function(){this._active=!1},ui.prototype.dblclick=function(t,e){return t.preventDefault(),{cameraAnimation:function(r){r.easeTo({duration:300,zoom:r.getZoom()+(t.shiftKey?-1:1),around:r.unproject(e)},{originalEvent:t})}}},ui.prototype.enable=function(){this._enabled=!0},ui.prototype.disable=function(){this._enabled=!1,this.reset()},ui.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._enabled},ui.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._active};var fi=function(){this._tap=new qn({numTouches:1,numTaps:1}),this.reset()};fi.prototype.reset=function(){this._active=!1,delete this._swipePoint,delete this._swipeTouch,delete this._tapTime,this._tap.reset()},fi.prototype.touchstart=function(t,e,r){this._swipePoint||(this._tapTime&&t.timeStamp-this._tapTime>500&&this.reset(),this._tapTime?r.length>0&&(this._swipePoint=e[0],this._swipeTouch=r[0].identifier):this._tap.touchstart(t,e,r))},fi.prototype.touchmove=function(t,e,r){if(this._tapTime){if(this._swipePoint){if(r[0].identifier!==this._swipeTouch)return;var n=e[0],i=n.y-this._swipePoint.y;return this._swipePoint=n,t.preventDefault(),this._active=!0,{zoomDelta:i/128}}}else this._tap.touchmove(t,e,r)},fi.prototype.touchend=function(t,e,r){this._tapTime?this._swipePoint&&0===r.length&&this.reset():this._tap.touchend(t,e,r)&&(this._tapTime=t.timeStamp)},fi.prototype.touchcancel=function(){this.reset()},fi.prototype.enable=function(){this._enabled=!0},fi.prototype.disable=function(){this._enabled=!1,this.reset()},fi.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._enabled},fi.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._active};var hi=function(t,e,r){this._el=t,this._mousePan=e,this._touchPan=r};hi.prototype.enable=function(t){this._inertiaOptions=t||{},this._mousePan.enable(),this._touchPan.enable(),this._el.classList.add("mapboxgl-touch-drag-pan")},hi.prototype.disable=function(){this._mousePan.disable(),this._touchPan.disable(),this._el.classList.remove("mapboxgl-touch-drag-pan")},hi.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._mousePan.isEnabled()&&this._touchPan.isEnabled()},hi.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._mousePan.isActive()||this._touchPan.isActive()};var pi=function(t,e,r){this._pitchWithRotate=t.pitchWithRotate,this._mouseRotate=e,this._mousePitch=r};pi.prototype.enable=function(){this._mouseRotate.enable(),this._pitchWithRotate&&this._mousePitch.enable()},pi.prototype.disable=function(){this._mouseRotate.disable(),this._mousePitch.disable()},pi.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._mouseRotate.isEnabled()&&(!this._pitchWithRotate||this._mousePitch.isEnabled())},pi.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._mouseRotate.isActive()||this._mousePitch.isActive()};var di=function(t,e,r,n){this._el=t,this._touchZoom=e,this._touchRotate=r,this._tapDragZoom=n,this._rotationDisabled=!1,this._enabled=!0};di.prototype.enable=function(t){this._touchZoom.enable(t),this._rotationDisabled||this._touchRotate.enable(t),this._tapDragZoom.enable(),this._el.classList.add("mapboxgl-touch-zoom-rotate")},di.prototype.disable=function(){this._touchZoom.disable(),this._touchRotate.disable(),this._tapDragZoom.disable(),this._el.classList.remove("mapboxgl-touch-zoom-rotate")},di.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._touchZoom.isEnabled()&&(this._rotationDisabled||this._touchRotate.isEnabled())&&this._tapDragZoom.isEnabled()},di.prototype.isActive=function(){return this._touchZoom.isActive()||this._touchRotate.isActive()||this._tapDragZoom.isActive()},di.prototype.disableRotation=function(){this._rotationDisabled=!0,this._touchRotate.disable()},di.prototype.enableRotation=function(){this._rotationDisabled=!1,this._touchZoom.isEnabled()&&this._touchRotate.enable()};var mi=function(t){return t.zoom||t.drag||t.pitch||t.rotate},gi=function(t){function e(){t.apply(this,arguments)}return t&&(e.__proto__=t),e.prototype=Object.create(t&&t.prototype),e.prototype.constructor=e,e}(t.Event);function vi(t){return t.panDelta&&t.panDelta.mag()||t.zoomDelta||t.bearingDelta||t.pitchDelta}var yi=function(e,n){this._map=e,this._el=this._map.getCanvasContainer(),this._handlers=[],this._handlersById={},this._changes=[],this._inertia=new On(e),this._bearingSnap=n.bearingSnap,this._previousActiveHandlers={},this._eventsInProgress={},this._addDefaultHandlers(n),t.bindAll(["handleEvent","handleWindowEvent"],this);var i=this._el;this._listeners=[[i,"touchstart",{passive:!1}],[i,"touchmove",{passive:!1}],[i,"touchend",void 0],[i,"touchcancel",void 0],[i,"mousedown",void 0],[i,"mousemove",void 0],[i,"mouseup",void 0],[t.window.document,"mousemove",{capture:!0}],[t.window.document,"mouseup",void 0],[i,"mouseover",void 0],[i,"mouseout",void 0],[i,"dblclick",void 0],[i,"click",void 0],[i,"keydown",{capture:!1}],[i,"keyup",void 0],[i,"wheel",{passive:!1}],[i,"contextmenu",void 0],[t.window,"blur",void 0]];for(var a=0,o=this._listeners;a<o.length;a+=1){var s=o[a],l=s[0],c=s[1],u=s[2];r.addEventListener(l,c,l===t.window.document?this.handleWindowEvent:this.handleEvent,u)}};yi.prototype.destroy=function(){for(var e=0,n=this._listeners;e<n.length;e+=1){var i=n[e],a=i[0],o=i[1],s=i[2];r.removeEventListener(a,o,a===t.window.document?this.handleWindowEvent:this.handleEvent,s)}},yi.prototype._addDefaultHandlers=function(t){var e=this._map,r=e.getCanvasContainer();this._add("mapEvent",new Nn(e,t));var n=e.boxZoom=new Un(e,t);this._add("boxZoom",n);var i=new Gn,a=new ui;e.doubleClickZoom=new ci(a,i),this._add("tapZoom",i),this._add("clickZoom",a);var o=new fi;this._add("tapDragZoom",o);var s=e.touchPitch=new ii;this._add("touchPitch",s);var l=new Zn(t),c=new Xn(t);e.dragRotate=new pi(t,l,c),this._add("mouseRotate",l,["mousePitch"]),this._add("mousePitch",c,["mouseRotate"]);var u=new Wn(t),f=new Jn(t);e.dragPan=new hi(r,u,f),this._add("mousePan",u),this._add("touchPan",f,["touchZoom","touchRotate"]);var h=new ri,p=new ti;e.touchZoomRotate=new di(r,p,h,o),this._add("touchRotate",h,["touchPan","touchZoom"]),this._add("touchZoom",p,["touchPan","touchRotate"]);var d=e.scrollZoom=new li(e,this);this._add("scrollZoom",d,["mousePan"]);var m=e.keyboard=new oi;this._add("keyboard",m),this._add("blockableMapEvent",new jn(e));for(var g=0,v=["boxZoom","doubleClickZoom","tapDragZoom","touchPitch","dragRotate","dragPan","touchZoomRotate","scrollZoom","keyboard"];g<v.length;g+=1){var y=v[g];t.interactive&&t[y]&&e[y].enable(t[y])}},yi.prototype._add=function(t,e,r){this._handlers.push({handlerName:t,handler:e,allowed:r}),this._handlersById[t]=e},yi.prototype.stop=function(){if(!this._updatingCamera){for(var t=0,e=this._handlers;t<e.length;t+=1){e[t].handler.reset()}this._inertia.clear(),this._fireEvents({},{}),this._changes=[]}},yi.prototype.isActive=function(){for(var t=0,e=this._handlers;t<e.length;t+=1){if(e[t].handler.isActive())return!0}return!1},yi.prototype.isZooming=function(){return!!this._eventsInProgress.zoom||this._map.scrollZoom.isZooming()},yi.prototype.isRotating=function(){return!!this._eventsInProgress.rotate},yi.prototype.isMoving=function(){return Boolean(mi(this._eventsInProgress))||this.isZooming()},yi.prototype._blockedByActive=function(t,e,r){for(var n in t)if(n!==r&&(!e||e.indexOf(n)<0))return!0;return!1},yi.prototype.handleWindowEvent=function(t){this.handleEvent(t,t.type+"Window")},yi.prototype._getMapTouches=function(t){for(var e=[],r=0,n=t;r<n.length;r+=1){var i=n[r],a=i.target;this._el.contains(a)&&e.push(i)}return e},yi.prototype.handleEvent=function(t,e){if("blur"!==t.type){this._updatingCamera=!0;for(var n="renderFrame"===t.type?void 0:t,i={needsRenderFrame:!1},a={},o={},s=t.touches?this._getMapTouches(t.touches):void 0,l=s?r.touchPos(this._el,s):r.mousePos(this._el,t),c=0,u=this._handlers;c<u.length;c+=1){var f=u[c],h=f.handlerName,p=f.handler,d=f.allowed;if(p.isEnabled()){var m=void 0;this._blockedByActive(o,d,h)?p.reset():p[e||t.type]&&(m=p[e||t.type](t,l,s),this.mergeHandlerResult(i,a,m,h,n),m&&m.needsRenderFrame&&this._triggerRenderFrame()),(m||p.isActive())&&(o[h]=p)}}var g={};for(var v in this._previousActiveHandlers)o[v]||(g[v]=n);this._previousActiveHandlers=o,(Object.keys(g).length||vi(i))&&(this._changes.push([i,a,g]),this._triggerRenderFrame()),(Object.keys(o).length||vi(i))&&this._map._stop(!0),this._updatingCamera=!1;var y=i.cameraAnimation;y&&(this._inertia.clear(),this._fireEvents({},{}),this._changes=[],y(this._map))}else this.stop()},yi.prototype.mergeHandlerResult=function(e,r,n,i,a){if(n){t.extend(e,n);var o={handlerName:i,originalEvent:n.originalEvent||a};void 0!==n.zoomDelta&&(r.zoom=o),void 0!==n.panDelta&&(r.drag=o),void 0!==n.pitchDelta&&(r.pitch=o),void 0!==n.bearingDelta&&(r.rotate=o)}},yi.prototype._applyChanges=function(){for(var e={},r={},n={},i=0,a=this._changes;i<a.length;i+=1){var o=a[i],s=o[0],l=o[1],c=o[2];s.panDelta&&(e.panDelta=(e.panDelta||new t.Point(0,0))._add(s.panDelta)),s.zoomDelta&&(e.zoomDelta=(e.zoomDelta||0)+s.zoomDelta),s.bearingDelta&&(e.bearingDelta=(e.bearingDelta||0)+s.bearingDelta),s.pitchDelta&&(e.pitchDelta=(e.pitchDelta||0)+s.pitchDelta),void 0!==s.around&&(e.around=s.around),void 0!==s.pinchAround&&(e.pinchAround=s.pinchAround),s.noInertia&&(e.noInertia=s.noInertia),t.extend(r,l),t.extend(n,c)}this._updateMapTransform(e,r,n),this._changes=[]},yi.prototype._updateMapTransform=function(t,e,r){var n=this._map,i=n.transform;if(!vi(t))return this._fireEvents(e,r);var a=t.panDelta,o=t.zoomDelta,s=t.bearingDelta,l=t.pitchDelta,c=t.around,u=t.pinchAround;void 0!==u&&(c=u),n._stop(!0),c=c||n.transform.centerPoint;var f=i.pointLocation(a?c.sub(a):c);s&&(i.bearing+=s),l&&(i.pitch+=l),o&&(i.zoom+=o),i.setLocationAtPoint(f,c),this._map._update(),t.noInertia||this._inertia.record(t),this._fireEvents(e,r)},yi.prototype._fireEvents=function(e,r){var n=this,i=mi(this._eventsInProgress),a=mi(e),o={};for(var s in e){var l=e[s].originalEvent;this._eventsInProgress[s]||(o[s+"start"]=l),this._eventsInProgress[s]=e[s]}for(var c in!i&&a&&this._fireEvent("movestart",a.originalEvent),o)this._fireEvent(c,o[c]);for(var u in e.rotate&&(this._bearingChanged=!0),a&&this._fireEvent("move",a.originalEvent),e){var f=e[u].originalEvent;this._fireEvent(u,f)}var h,p={};for(var d in this._eventsInProgress){var m=this._eventsInProgress[d],g=m.handlerName,v=m.originalEvent;this._handlersById[g].isActive()||(delete this._eventsInProgress[d],h=r[g]||v,p[d+"end"]=h)}for(var y in p)this._fireEvent(y,p[y]);var x=mi(this._eventsInProgress);if((i||a)&&!x){this._updatingCamera=!0;var b=this._inertia._onMoveEnd(this._map.dragPan._inertiaOptions),_=function(t){return 0!==t&&-n._bearingSnap<t&&t<n._bearingSnap};b?(_(b.bearing||this._map.getBearing())&&(b.bearing=0),this._map.easeTo(b,{originalEvent:h})):(this._map.fire(new t.Event("moveend",{originalEvent:h})),_(this._map.getBearing())&&this._map.resetNorth()),this._bearingChanged=!1,this._updatingCamera=!1}},yi.prototype._fireEvent=function(e,r){this._map.fire(new t.Event(e,r?{originalEvent:r}:{}))},yi.prototype._triggerRenderFrame=function(){var t=this;void 0===this._frameId&&(this._frameId=this._map._requestRenderFrame((function(e){delete t._frameId,t.handleEvent(new gi("renderFrame",{timeStamp:e})),t._applyChanges()})))};var xi=function(e){function r(r,n){e.call(this),this._moving=!1,this._zooming=!1,this.transform=r,this._bearingSnap=n.bearingSnap,t.bindAll(["_renderFrameCallback"],this)}return e&&(r.__proto__=e),r.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.getCenter=function(){return new t.LngLat(this.transform.center.lng,this.transform.center.lat)},r.prototype.setCenter=function(t,e){return this.jumpTo({center:t},e)},r.prototype.panBy=function(e,r,n){return e=t.Point.convert(e).mult(-1),this.panTo(this.transform.center,t.extend({offset:e},r),n)},r.prototype.panTo=function(e,r,n){return this.easeTo(t.extend({center:e},r),n)},r.prototype.getZoom=function(){return this.transform.zoom},r.prototype.setZoom=function(t,e){return this.jumpTo({zoom:t},e),this},r.prototype.zoomTo=function(e,r,n){return this.easeTo(t.extend({zoom:e},r),n)},r.prototype.zoomIn=function(t,e){return this.zoomTo(this.getZoom()+1,t,e),this},r.prototype.zoomOut=function(t,e){return this.zoomTo(this.getZoom()-1,t,e),this},r.prototype.getBearing=function(){return this.transform.bearing},r.prototype.setBearing=function(t,e){return this.jumpTo({bearing:t},e),this},r.prototype.getPadding=function(){return this.transform.padding},r.prototype.setPadding=function(t,e){return this.jumpTo({padding:t},e),this},r.prototype.rotateTo=function(e,r,n){return this.easeTo(t.extend({bearing:e},r),n)},r.prototype.resetNorth=function(e,r){return this.rotateTo(0,t.extend({duration:1e3},e),r),this},r.prototype.resetNorthPitch=function(e,r){return this.easeTo(t.extend({bearing:0,pitch:0,duration:1e3},e),r),this},r.prototype.snapToNorth=function(t,e){return Math.abs(this.getBearing())<this._bearingSnap?this.resetNorth(t,e):this},r.prototype.getPitch=function(){return this.transform.pitch},r.prototype.setPitch=function(t,e){return this.jumpTo({pitch:t},e),this},r.prototype.cameraForBounds=function(e,r){return e=t.LngLatBounds.convert(e),this._cameraForBoxAndBearing(e.getNorthWest(),e.getSouthEast(),0,r)},r.prototype._cameraForBoxAndBearing=function(e,r,n,i){var a={top:0,bottom:0,right:0,left:0};if("number"==typeof(i=t.extend({padding:a,offset:[0,0],maxZoom:this.transform.maxZoom},i)).padding){var o=i.padding;i.padding={top:o,bottom:o,right:o,left:o}}i.padding=t.extend(a,i.padding);var s=this.transform,l=s.padding,c=s.project(t.LngLat.convert(e)),u=s.project(t.LngLat.convert(r)),f=c.rotate(-n*Math.PI/180),h=u.rotate(-n*Math.PI/180),p=new t.Point(Math.max(f.x,h.x),Math.max(f.y,h.y)),d=new t.Point(Math.min(f.x,h.x),Math.min(f.y,h.y)),m=p.sub(d),g=(s.width-(l.left+l.right+i.padding.left+i.padding.right))/m.x,v=(s.height-(l.top+l.bottom+i.padding.top+i.padding.bottom))/m.y;if(!(v<0||g<0)){var y=Math.min(s.scaleZoom(s.scale*Math.min(g,v)),i.maxZoom),x=t.Point.convert(i.offset),b=(i.padding.left-i.padding.right)/2,_=(i.padding.top-i.padding.bottom)/2,w=new t.Point(x.x+b,x.y+_).mult(s.scale/s.zoomScale(y));return{center:s.unproject(c.add(u).div(2).sub(w)),zoom:y,bearing:n}}t.warnOnce("Map cannot fit within canvas with the given bounds, padding, and/or offset.")},r.prototype.fitBounds=function(t,e,r){return this._fitInternal(this.cameraForBounds(t,e),e,r)},r.prototype.fitScreenCoordinates=function(e,r,n,i,a){return this._fitInternal(this._cameraForBoxAndBearing(this.transform.pointLocation(t.Point.convert(e)),this.transform.pointLocation(t.Point.convert(r)),n,i),i,a)},r.prototype._fitInternal=function(e,r,n){return e?(delete(r=t.extend(e,r)).padding,r.linear?this.easeTo(r,n):this.flyTo(r,n)):this},r.prototype.jumpTo=function(e,r){this.stop();var n=this.transform,i=!1,a=!1,o=!1;return"zoom"in e&&n.zoom!==+e.zoom&&(i=!0,n.zoom=+e.zoom),void 0!==e.center&&(n.center=t.LngLat.convert(e.center)),"bearing"in e&&n.bearing!==+e.bearing&&(a=!0,n.bearing=+e.bearing),"pitch"in e&&n.pitch!==+e.pitch&&(o=!0,n.pitch=+e.pitch),null==e.padding||n.isPaddingEqual(e.padding)||(n.padding=e.padding),this.fire(new t.Event("movestart",r)).fire(new t.Event("move",r)),i&&this.fire(new t.Event("zoomstart",r)).fire(new t.Event("zoom",r)).fire(new t.Event("zoomend",r)),a&&this.fire(new t.Event("rotatestart",r)).fire(new t.Event("rotate",r)).fire(new t.Event("rotateend",r)),o&&this.fire(new t.Event("pitchstart",r)).fire(new t.Event("pitch",r)).fire(new t.Event("pitchend",r)),this.fire(new t.Event("moveend",r))},r.prototype.easeTo=function(e,r){var n=this;this._stop(!1,e.easeId),(!1===(e=t.extend({offset:[0,0],duration:500,easing:t.ease},e)).animate||!e.essential&&t.browser.prefersReducedMotion)&&(e.duration=0);var i=this.transform,a=this.getZoom(),o=this.getBearing(),s=this.getPitch(),l=this.getPadding(),c="zoom"in e?+e.zoom:a,u="bearing"in e?this._normalizeBearing(e.bearing,o):o,f="pitch"in e?+e.pitch:s,h="padding"in e?e.padding:i.padding,p=t.Point.convert(e.offset),d=i.centerPoint.add(p),m=i.pointLocation(d),g=t.LngLat.convert(e.center||m);this._normalizeCenter(g);var v,y,x=i.project(m),b=i.project(g).sub(x),_=i.zoomScale(c-a);e.around&&(v=t.LngLat.convert(e.around),y=i.locationPoint(v));var w={moving:this._moving,zooming:this._zooming,rotating:this._rotating,pitching:this._pitching};return this._zooming=this._zooming||c!==a,this._rotating=this._rotating||o!==u,this._pitching=this._pitching||f!==s,this._padding=!i.isPaddingEqual(h),this._easeId=e.easeId,this._prepareEase(r,e.noMoveStart,w),clearTimeout(this._easeEndTimeoutID),this._ease((function(e){if(n._zooming&&(i.zoom=t.number(a,c,e)),n._rotating&&(i.bearing=t.number(o,u,e)),n._pitching&&(i.pitch=t.number(s,f,e)),n._padding&&(i.interpolatePadding(l,h,e),d=i.centerPoint.add(p)),v)i.setLocationAtPoint(v,y);else{var m=i.zoomScale(i.zoom-a),g=c>a?Math.min(2,_):Math.max(.5,_),w=Math.pow(g,1-e),T=i.unproject(x.add(b.mult(e*w)).mult(m));i.setLocationAtPoint(i.renderWorldCopies?T.wrap():T,d)}n._fireMoveEvents(r)}),(function(t){n._afterEase(r,t)}),e),this},r.prototype._prepareEase=function(e,r,n){void 0===n&&(n={}),this._moving=!0,r||n.moving||this.fire(new t.Event("movestart",e)),this._zooming&&!n.zooming&&this.fire(new t.Event("zoomstart",e)),this._rotating&&!n.rotating&&this.fire(new t.Event("rotatestart",e)),this._pitching&&!n.pitching&&this.fire(new t.Event("pitchstart",e))},r.prototype._fireMoveEvents=function(e){this.fire(new t.Event("move",e)),this._zooming&&this.fire(new t.Event("zoom",e)),this._rotating&&this.fire(new t.Event("rotate",e)),this._pitching&&this.fire(new t.Event("pitch",e))},r.prototype._afterEase=function(e,r){if(!this._easeId||!r||this._easeId!==r){delete this._easeId;var n=this._zooming,i=this._rotating,a=this._pitching;this._moving=!1,this._zooming=!1,this._rotating=!1,this._pitching=!1,this._padding=!1,n&&this.fire(new t.Event("zoomend",e)),i&&this.fire(new t.Event("rotateend",e)),a&&this.fire(new t.Event("pitchend",e)),this.fire(new t.Event("moveend",e))}},r.prototype.flyTo=function(e,r){var n=this;if(!e.essential&&t.browser.prefersReducedMotion){var i=t.pick(e,["center","zoom","bearing","pitch","around"]);return this.jumpTo(i,r)}this.stop(),e=t.extend({offset:[0,0],speed:1.2,curve:1.42,easing:t.ease},e);var a=this.transform,o=this.getZoom(),s=this.getBearing(),l=this.getPitch(),c=this.getPadding(),u="zoom"in e?t.clamp(+e.zoom,a.minZoom,a.maxZoom):o,f="bearing"in e?this._normalizeBearing(e.bearing,s):s,h="pitch"in e?+e.pitch:l,p="padding"in e?e.padding:a.padding,d=a.zoomScale(u-o),m=t.Point.convert(e.offset),g=a.centerPoint.add(m),v=a.pointLocation(g),y=t.LngLat.convert(e.center||v);this._normalizeCenter(y);var x=a.project(v),b=a.project(y).sub(x),_=e.curve,w=Math.max(a.width,a.height),T=w/d,k=b.mag();if("minZoom"in e){var A=t.clamp(Math.min(e.minZoom,o,u),a.minZoom,a.maxZoom),M=w/a.zoomScale(A-o);_=Math.sqrt(M/k*2)}var S=_*_;function E(t){var e=(T*T-w*w+(t?-1:1)*S*S*k*k)/(2*(t?T:w)*S*k);return Math.log(Math.sqrt(e*e+1)-e)}function L(t){return(Math.exp(t)-Math.exp(-t))/2}function C(t){return(Math.exp(t)+Math.exp(-t))/2}var P=E(0),I=function(t){return C(P)/C(P+_*t)},O=function(t){return w*((C(P)*(L(e=P+_*t)/C(e))-L(P))/S)/k;var e},z=(E(1)-P)/_;if(Math.abs(k)<1e-6||!isFinite(z)){if(Math.abs(w-T)<1e-6)return this.easeTo(e,r);var D=T<w?-1:1;z=Math.abs(Math.log(T/w))/_,O=function(){return 0},I=function(t){return Math.exp(D*_*t)}}if("duration"in e)e.duration=+e.duration;else{var R="screenSpeed"in e?+e.screenSpeed/_:+e.speed;e.duration=1e3*z/R}return e.maxDuration&&e.duration>e.maxDuration&&(e.duration=0),this._zooming=!0,this._rotating=s!==f,this._pitching=h!==l,this._padding=!a.isPaddingEqual(p),this._prepareEase(r,!1),this._ease((function(e){var i=e*z,d=1/I(i);a.zoom=1===e?u:o+a.scaleZoom(d),n._rotating&&(a.bearing=t.number(s,f,e)),n._pitching&&(a.pitch=t.number(l,h,e)),n._padding&&(a.interpolatePadding(c,p,e),g=a.centerPoint.add(m));var v=1===e?y:a.unproject(x.add(b.mult(O(i))).mult(d));a.setLocationAtPoint(a.renderWorldCopies?v.wrap():v,g),n._fireMoveEvents(r)}),(function(){return n._afterEase(r)}),e),this},r.prototype.isEasing=function(){return!!this._easeFrameId},r.prototype.stop=function(){return this._stop()},r.prototype._stop=function(t,e){if(this._easeFrameId&&(this._cancelRenderFrame(this._easeFrameId),delete this._easeFrameId,delete this._onEaseFrame),this._onEaseEnd){var r=this._onEaseEnd;delete this._onEaseEnd,r.call(this,e)}if(!t){var n=this.handlers;n&&n.stop()}return this},r.prototype._ease=function(e,r,n){!1===n.animate||0===n.duration?(e(1),r()):(this._easeStart=t.browser.now(),this._easeOptions=n,this._onEaseFrame=e,this._onEaseEnd=r,this._easeFrameId=this._requestRenderFrame(this._renderFrameCallback))},r.prototype._renderFrameCallback=function(){var e=Math.min((t.browser.now()-this._easeStart)/this._easeOptions.duration,1);this._onEaseFrame(this._easeOptions.easing(e)),e<1?this._easeFrameId=this._requestRenderFrame(this._renderFrameCallback):this.stop()},r.prototype._normalizeBearing=function(e,r){e=t.wrap(e,-180,180);var n=Math.abs(e-r);return Math.abs(e-360-r)<n&&(e-=360),Math.abs(e+360-r)<n&&(e+=360),e},r.prototype._normalizeCenter=function(t){var e=this.transform;if(e.renderWorldCopies&&!e.lngRange){var r=t.lng-e.center.lng;t.lng+=r>180?-360:r<-180?360:0}},r}(t.Evented),bi=function(e){void 0===e&&(e={}),this.options=e,t.bindAll(["_updateEditLink","_updateData","_updateCompact"],this)};bi.prototype.getDefaultPosition=function(){return"bottom-right"},bi.prototype.onAdd=function(t){var e=this.options&&this.options.compact;return this._map=t,this._container=r.create("div","mapboxgl-ctrl mapboxgl-ctrl-attrib"),this._innerContainer=r.create("div","mapboxgl-ctrl-attrib-inner",this._container),e&&this._container.classList.add("mapboxgl-compact"),this._updateAttributions(),this._updateEditLink(),this._map.on("styledata",this._updateData),this._map.on("sourcedata",this._updateData),this._map.on("moveend",this._updateEditLink),void 0===e&&(this._map.on("resize",this._updateCompact),this._updateCompact()),this._container},bi.prototype.onRemove=function(){r.remove(this._container),this._map.off("styledata",this._updateData),this._map.off("sourcedata",this._updateData),this._map.off("moveend",this._updateEditLink),this._map.off("resize",this._updateCompact),this._map=void 0,this._attribHTML=void 0},bi.prototype._updateEditLink=function(){var e=this._editLink;e||(e=this._editLink=this._container.querySelector(".mapbox-improve-map"));var r=[{key:"owner",value:this.styleOwner},{key:"id",value:this.styleId},{key:"access_token",value:this._map._requestManager._customAccessToken||t.config.ACCESS_TOKEN}];if(e){var n=r.reduce((function(t,e,n){return e.value&&(t+=e.key+"="+e.value+(n<r.length-1?"&":"")),t}),"?");e.href=t.config.FEEDBACK_URL+"/"+n+(this._map._hash?this._map._hash.getHashString(!0):""),e.rel="noopener nofollow"}},bi.prototype._updateData=function(t){!t||"metadata"!==t.sourceDataType&&"style"!==t.dataType||(this._updateAttributions(),this._updateEditLink())},bi.prototype._updateAttributions=function(){if(this._map.style){var t=[];if(this.options.customAttribution&&(Array.isArray(this.options.customAttribution)?t=t.concat(this.options.customAttribution.map((function(t){return"string"!=typeof t?"":t}))):"string"==typeof this.options.customAttribution&&t.push(this.options.customAttribution)),this._map.style.stylesheet){var e=this._map.style.stylesheet;this.styleOwner=e.owner,this.styleId=e.id}var r=this._map.style.sourceCaches;for(var n in r){var i=r[n];if(i.used){var a=i.getSource();a.attribution&&t.indexOf(a.attribution)<0&&t.push(a.attribution)}}t.sort((function(t,e){return t.length-e.length}));var o=(t=t.filter((function(e,r){for(var n=r+1;n<t.length;n++)if(t[n].indexOf(e)>=0)return!1;return!0}))).join(" | ");o!==this._attribHTML&&(this._attribHTML=o,t.length?(this._innerContainer.innerHTML=o,this._container.classList.remove("mapboxgl-attrib-empty")):this._container.classList.add("mapboxgl-attrib-empty"),this._editLink=null)}},bi.prototype._updateCompact=function(){this._map.getCanvasContainer().offsetWidth<=640?this._container.classList.add("mapboxgl-compact"):this._container.classList.remove("mapboxgl-compact")};var _i=function(){t.bindAll(["_updateLogo"],this),t.bindAll(["_updateCompact"],this)};_i.prototype.onAdd=function(t){this._map=t,this._container=r.create("div","mapboxgl-ctrl");var e=r.create("a","mapboxgl-ctrl-logo");return e.target="_blank",e.rel="noopener nofollow",e.href="https://www.mapbox.com/",e.setAttribute("aria-label",this._map._getUIString("LogoControl.Title")),e.setAttribute("rel","noopener nofollow"),this._container.appendChild(e),this._container.style.display="none",this._map.on("sourcedata",this._updateLogo),this._updateLogo(),this._map.on("resize",this._updateCompact),this._updateCompact(),this._container},_i.prototype.onRemove=function(){r.remove(this._container),this._map.off("sourcedata",this._updateLogo),this._map.off("resize",this._updateCompact)},_i.prototype.getDefaultPosition=function(){return"bottom-left"},_i.prototype._updateLogo=function(t){t&&"metadata"!==t.sourceDataType||(this._container.style.display=this._logoRequired()?"block":"none")},_i.prototype._logoRequired=function(){if(this._map.style){var t=this._map.style.sourceCaches;for(var e in t){if(t[e].getSource().mapbox_logo)return!0}return!1}},_i.prototype._updateCompact=function(){var t=this._container.children;if(t.length){var e=t[0];this._map.getCanvasContainer().offsetWidth<250?e.classList.add("mapboxgl-compact"):e.classList.remove("mapboxgl-compact")}};var wi=function(){this._queue=[],this._id=0,this._cleared=!1,this._currentlyRunning=!1};wi.prototype.add=function(t){var e=++this._id;return this._queue.push({callback:t,id:e,cancelled:!1}),e},wi.prototype.remove=function(t){for(var e=this._currentlyRunning,r=0,n=e?this._queue.concat(e):this._queue;r<n.length;r+=1){var i=n[r];if(i.id===t)return void(i.cancelled=!0)}},wi.prototype.run=function(t){void 0===t&&(t=0);var e=this._currentlyRunning=this._queue;this._queue=[];for(var r=0,n=e;r<n.length;r+=1){var i=n[r];if(!i.cancelled&&(i.callback(t),this._cleared))break}this._cleared=!1,this._currentlyRunning=!1},wi.prototype.clear=function(){this._currentlyRunning&&(this._cleared=!0),this._queue=[]};var Ti={"FullscreenControl.Enter":"Enter fullscreen","FullscreenControl.Exit":"Exit fullscreen","GeolocateControl.FindMyLocation":"Find my location","GeolocateControl.LocationNotAvailable":"Location not available","LogoControl.Title":"Mapbox logo","NavigationControl.ResetBearing":"Reset bearing to north","NavigationControl.ZoomIn":"Zoom in","NavigationControl.ZoomOut":"Zoom out","ScaleControl.Feet":"ft","ScaleControl.Meters":"m","ScaleControl.Kilometers":"km","ScaleControl.Miles":"mi","ScaleControl.NauticalMiles":"nm"},ki=t.window.HTMLImageElement,Ai=t.window.HTMLElement,Mi=t.window.ImageBitmap,Si={center:[0,0],zoom:0,bearing:0,pitch:0,minZoom:-2,maxZoom:22,minPitch:0,maxPitch:60,interactive:!0,scrollZoom:!0,boxZoom:!0,dragRotate:!0,dragPan:!0,keyboard:!0,doubleClickZoom:!0,touchZoomRotate:!0,touchPitch:!0,bearingSnap:7,clickTolerance:3,pitchWithRotate:!0,hash:!1,attributionControl:!0,failIfMajorPerformanceCaveat:!1,preserveDrawingBuffer:!1,trackResize:!0,renderWorldCopies:!0,refreshExpiredTiles:!0,maxTileCacheSize:null,localIdeographFontFamily:"sans-serif",transformRequest:null,accessToken:null,fadeDuration:300,crossSourceCollisions:!0},Ei=function(n){function i(e){var r=this;if(null!=(e=t.extend({},Si,e)).minZoom&&null!=e.maxZoom&&e.minZoom>e.maxZoom)throw new Error("maxZoom must be greater than or equal to minZoom");if(null!=e.minPitch&&null!=e.maxPitch&&e.minPitch>e.maxPitch)throw new Error("maxPitch must be greater than or equal to minPitch");if(null!=e.minPitch&&e.minPitch<0)throw new Error("minPitch must be greater than or equal to 0");if(null!=e.maxPitch&&e.maxPitch>60)throw new Error("maxPitch must be less than or equal to 60");var i=new An(e.minZoom,e.maxZoom,e.minPitch,e.maxPitch,e.renderWorldCopies);if(n.call(this,i,e),this._interactive=e.interactive,this._maxTileCacheSize=e.maxTileCacheSize,this._failIfMajorPerformanceCaveat=e.failIfMajorPerformanceCaveat,this._preserveDrawingBuffer=e.preserveDrawingBuffer,this._antialias=e.antialias,this._trackResize=e.trackResize,this._bearingSnap=e.bearingSnap,this._refreshExpiredTiles=e.refreshExpiredTiles,this._fadeDuration=e.fadeDuration,this._crossSourceCollisions=e.crossSourceCollisions,this._crossFadingFactor=1,this._collectResourceTiming=e.collectResourceTiming,this._renderTaskQueue=new wi,this._controls=[],this._mapId=t.uniqueId(),this._locale=t.extend({},Ti,e.locale),this._requestManager=new t.RequestManager(e.transformRequest,e.accessToken),"string"==typeof e.container){if(this._container=t.window.document.getElementById(e.container),!this._container)throw new Error("Container '"+e.container+"' not found.")}else{if(!(e.container instanceof Ai))throw new Error("Invalid type: 'container' must be a String or HTMLElement.");this._container=e.container}if(e.maxBounds&&this.setMaxBounds(e.maxBounds),t.bindAll(["_onWindowOnline","_onWindowResize","_contextLost","_contextRestored"],this),this._setupContainer(),this._setupPainter(),void 0===this.painter)throw new Error("Failed to initialize WebGL.");this.on("move",(function(){return r._update(!1)})),this.on("moveend",(function(){return r._update(!1)})),this.on("zoom",(function(){return r._update(!0)})),void 0!==t.window&&(t.window.addEventListener("online",this._onWindowOnline,!1),t.window.addEventListener("resize",this._onWindowResize,!1)),this.handlers=new yi(this,e);var a="string"==typeof e.hash&&e.hash||void 0;this._hash=e.hash&&new Sn(a).addTo(this),this._hash&&this._hash._onHashChange()||(this.jumpTo({center:e.center,zoom:e.zoom,bearing:e.bearing,pitch:e.pitch}),e.bounds&&(this.resize(),this.fitBounds(e.bounds,t.extend({},e.fitBoundsOptions,{duration:0})))),this.resize(),this._localIdeographFontFamily=e.localIdeographFontFamily,e.style&&this.setStyle(e.style,{localIdeographFontFamily:e.localIdeographFontFamily}),e.attributionControl&&this.addControl(new bi({customAttribution:e.customAttribution})),this.addControl(new _i,e.logoPosition),this.on("style.load",(function(){r.transform.unmodified&&r.jumpTo(r.style.stylesheet)})),this.on("data",(function(e){r._update("style"===e.dataType),r.fire(new t.Event(e.dataType+"data",e))})),this.on("dataloading",(function(e){r.fire(new t.Event(e.dataType+"dataloading",e))}))}n&&(i.__proto__=n),i.prototype=Object.create(n&&n.prototype),i.prototype.constructor=i;var a={showTileBoundaries:{configurable:!0},showPadding:{configurable:!0},showCollisionBoxes:{configurable:!0},showOverdrawInspector:{configurable:!0},repaint:{configurable:!0},vertices:{configurable:!0},version:{configurable:!0}};return i.prototype._getMapId=function(){return this._mapId},i.prototype.addControl=function(e,r){if(void 0===r&&e.getDefaultPosition&&(r=e.getDefaultPosition()),void 0===r&&(r="top-right"),!e||!e.onAdd)return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("Invalid argument to map.addControl(). Argument must be a control with onAdd and onRemove methods.")));var n=e.onAdd(this);this._controls.push(e);var i=this._controlPositions[r];return-1!==r.indexOf("bottom")?i.insertBefore(n,i.firstChild):i.appendChild(n),this},i.prototype.removeControl=function(e){if(!e||!e.onRemove)return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("Invalid argument to map.removeControl(). Argument must be a control with onAdd and onRemove methods.")));var r=this._controls.indexOf(e);return r>-1&&this._controls.splice(r,1),e.onRemove(this),this},i.prototype.resize=function(e){var r=this._containerDimensions(),n=r[0],i=r[1];this._resizeCanvas(n,i),this.transform.resize(n,i),this.painter.resize(n,i);var a=!this._moving;return a&&(this.stop(),this.fire(new t.Event("movestart",e)).fire(new t.Event("move",e))),this.fire(new t.Event("resize",e)),a&&this.fire(new t.Event("moveend",e)),this},i.prototype.getBounds=function(){return this.transform.getBounds()},i.prototype.getMaxBounds=function(){return this.transform.getMaxBounds()},i.prototype.setMaxBounds=function(e){return this.transform.setMaxBounds(t.LngLatBounds.convert(e)),this._update()},i.prototype.setMinZoom=function(t){if((t=null==t?-2:t)>=-2&&t<=this.transform.maxZoom)return this.transform.minZoom=t,this._update(),this.getZoom()<t&&this.setZoom(t),this;throw new Error("minZoom must be between -2 and the current maxZoom, inclusive")},i.prototype.getMinZoom=function(){return this.transform.minZoom},i.prototype.setMaxZoom=function(t){if((t=null==t?22:t)>=this.transform.minZoom)return this.transform.maxZoom=t,this._update(),this.getZoom()>t&&this.setZoom(t),this;throw new Error("maxZoom must be greater than the current minZoom")},i.prototype.getMaxZoom=function(){return this.transform.maxZoom},i.prototype.setMinPitch=function(t){if((t=null==t?0:t)<0)throw new Error("minPitch must be greater than or equal to 0");if(t>=0&&t<=this.transform.maxPitch)return this.transform.minPitch=t,this._update(),this.getPitch()<t&&this.setPitch(t),this;throw new Error("minPitch must be between 0 and the current maxPitch, inclusive")},i.prototype.getMinPitch=function(){return this.transform.minPitch},i.prototype.setMaxPitch=function(t){if((t=null==t?60:t)>60)throw new Error("maxPitch must be less than or equal to 60");if(t>=this.transform.minPitch)return this.transform.maxPitch=t,this._update(),this.getPitch()>t&&this.setPitch(t),this;throw new Error("maxPitch must be greater than the current minPitch")},i.prototype.getMaxPitch=function(){return this.transform.maxPitch},i.prototype.getRenderWorldCopies=function(){return this.transform.renderWorldCopies},i.prototype.setRenderWorldCopies=function(t){return this.transform.renderWorldCopies=t,this._update()},i.prototype.project=function(e){return this.transform.locationPoint(t.LngLat.convert(e))},i.prototype.unproject=function(e){return this.transform.pointLocation(t.Point.convert(e))},i.prototype.isMoving=function(){return this._moving||this.handlers.isMoving()},i.prototype.isZooming=function(){return this._zooming||this.handlers.isZooming()},i.prototype.isRotating=function(){return this._rotating||this.handlers.isRotating()},i.prototype._createDelegatedListener=function(t,e,r){var n,i=this;if("mouseenter"===t||"mouseover"===t){var a=!1;return{layer:e,listener:r,delegates:{mousemove:function(n){var o=i.getLayer(e)?i.queryRenderedFeatures(n.point,{layers:[e]}):[];o.length?a||(a=!0,r.call(i,new Rn(t,i,n.originalEvent,{features:o}))):a=!1},mouseout:function(){a=!1}}}}if("mouseleave"===t||"mouseout"===t){var o=!1;return{layer:e,listener:r,delegates:{mousemove:function(n){(i.getLayer(e)?i.queryRenderedFeatures(n.point,{layers:[e]}):[]).length?o=!0:o&&(o=!1,r.call(i,new Rn(t,i,n.originalEvent)))},mouseout:function(e){o&&(o=!1,r.call(i,new Rn(t,i,e.originalEvent)))}}}}return{layer:e,listener:r,delegates:(n={},n[t]=function(t){var n=i.getLayer(e)?i.queryRenderedFeatures(t.point,{layers:[e]}):[];n.length&&(t.features=n,r.call(i,t),delete t.features)},n)}},i.prototype.on=function(t,e,r){if(void 0===r)return n.prototype.on.call(this,t,e);var i=this._createDelegatedListener(t,e,r);for(var a in this._delegatedListeners=this._delegatedListeners||{},this._delegatedListeners[t]=this._delegatedListeners[t]||[],this._delegatedListeners[t].push(i),i.delegates)this.on(a,i.delegates[a]);return this},i.prototype.once=function(t,e,r){if(void 0===r)return n.prototype.once.call(this,t,e);var i=this._createDelegatedListener(t,e,r);for(var a in i.delegates)this.once(a,i.delegates[a]);return this},i.prototype.off=function(t,e,r){var i=this;if(void 0===r)return n.prototype.off.call(this,t,e);return this._delegatedListeners&&this._delegatedListeners[t]&&function(n){for(var a=n[t],o=0;o<a.length;o++){var s=a[o];if(s.layer===e&&s.listener===r){for(var l in s.delegates)i.off(l,s.delegates[l]);return a.splice(o,1),i}}}(this._delegatedListeners),this},i.prototype.queryRenderedFeatures=function(e,r){if(!this.style)return[];var n;if(void 0!==r||void 0===e||e instanceof t.Point||Array.isArray(e)||(r=e,e=void 0),r=r||{},(e=e||[[0,0],[this.transform.width,this.transform.height]])instanceof t.Point||"number"==typeof e[0])n=[t.Point.convert(e)];else{var i=t.Point.convert(e[0]),a=t.Point.convert(e[1]);n=[i,new t.Point(a.x,i.y),a,new t.Point(i.x,a.y),i]}return this.style.queryRenderedFeatures(n,r,this.transform)},i.prototype.querySourceFeatures=function(t,e){return this.style.querySourceFeatures(t,e)},i.prototype.setStyle=function(e,r){return!1!==(r=t.extend({},{localIdeographFontFamily:this._localIdeographFontFamily},r)).diff&&r.localIdeographFontFamily===this._localIdeographFontFamily&&this.style&&e?(this._diffStyle(e,r),this):(this._localIdeographFontFamily=r.localIdeographFontFamily,this._updateStyle(e,r))},i.prototype._getUIString=function(t){var e=this._locale[t];if(null==e)throw new Error("Missing UI string '"+t+"'");return e},i.prototype._updateStyle=function(t,e){return this.style&&(this.style.setEventedParent(null),this.style._remove()),t?(this.style=new qe(this,e||{}),this.style.setEventedParent(this,{style:this.style}),"string"==typeof t?this.style.loadURL(t):this.style.loadJSON(t),this):(delete this.style,this)},i.prototype._lazyInitEmptyStyle=function(){this.style||(this.style=new qe(this,{}),this.style.setEventedParent(this,{style:this.style}),this.style.loadEmpty())},i.prototype._diffStyle=function(e,r){var n=this;if("string"==typeof e){var i=this._requestManager.normalizeStyleURL(e),a=this._requestManager.transformRequest(i,t.ResourceType.Style);t.getJSON(a,(function(e,i){e?n.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(e)):i&&n._updateDiff(i,r)}))}else"object"==typeof e&&this._updateDiff(e,r)},i.prototype._updateDiff=function(e,r){try{this.style.setState(e)&&this._update(!0)}catch(n){t.warnOnce("Unable to perform style diff: "+(n.message||n.error||n)+". Rebuilding the style from scratch."),this._updateStyle(e,r)}},i.prototype.getStyle=function(){if(this.style)return this.style.serialize()},i.prototype.isStyleLoaded=function(){return this.style?this.style.loaded():t.warnOnce("There is no style added to the map.")},i.prototype.addSource=function(t,e){return this._lazyInitEmptyStyle(),this.style.addSource(t,e),this._update(!0)},i.prototype.isSourceLoaded=function(e){var r=this.style&&this.style.sourceCaches[e];if(void 0!==r)return r.loaded();this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("There is no source with ID '"+e+"'")))},i.prototype.areTilesLoaded=function(){var t=this.style&&this.style.sourceCaches;for(var e in t){var r=t[e]._tiles;for(var n in r){var i=r[n];if("loaded"!==i.state&&"errored"!==i.state)return!1}}return!0},i.prototype.addSourceType=function(t,e,r){return this._lazyInitEmptyStyle(),this.style.addSourceType(t,e,r)},i.prototype.removeSource=function(t){return this.style.removeSource(t),this._update(!0)},i.prototype.getSource=function(t){return this.style.getSource(t)},i.prototype.addImage=function(e,r,n){void 0===n&&(n={});var i=n.pixelRatio;void 0===i&&(i=1);var a=n.sdf;void 0===a&&(a=!1);var o=n.stretchX,s=n.stretchY,l=n.content;this._lazyInitEmptyStyle();if(r instanceof ki||Mi&&r instanceof Mi){var c=t.browser.getImageData(r),u=c.width,f=c.height,h=c.data;this.style.addImage(e,{data:new t.RGBAImage({width:u,height:f},h),pixelRatio:i,stretchX:o,stretchY:s,content:l,sdf:a,version:0})}else{if(void 0===r.width||void 0===r.height)return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("Invalid arguments to map.addImage(). The second argument must be an `HTMLImageElement`, `ImageData`, `ImageBitmap`, or object with `width`, `height`, and `data` properties with the same format as `ImageData`")));var p=r.width,d=r.height,m=r.data,g=r;this.style.addImage(e,{data:new t.RGBAImage({width:p,height:d},new Uint8Array(m)),pixelRatio:i,stretchX:o,stretchY:s,content:l,sdf:a,version:0,userImage:g}),g.onAdd&&g.onAdd(this,e)}},i.prototype.updateImage=function(e,r){var n=this.style.getImage(e);if(!n)return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The map has no image with that id. If you are adding a new image use `map.addImage(...)` instead.")));var i=r instanceof ki||Mi&&r instanceof Mi?t.browser.getImageData(r):r,a=i.width,o=i.height,s=i.data;if(void 0===a||void 0===o)return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("Invalid arguments to map.updateImage(). The second argument must be an `HTMLImageElement`, `ImageData`, `ImageBitmap`, or object with `width`, `height`, and `data` properties with the same format as `ImageData`")));if(a!==n.data.width||o!==n.data.height)return this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("The width and height of the updated image must be that same as the previous version of the image")));var l=!(r instanceof ki||Mi&&r instanceof Mi);n.data.replace(s,l),this.style.updateImage(e,n)},i.prototype.hasImage=function(e){return e?!!this.style.getImage(e):(this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("Missing required image id"))),!1)},i.prototype.removeImage=function(t){this.style.removeImage(t)},i.prototype.loadImage=function(e,r){t.getImage(this._requestManager.transformRequest(e,t.ResourceType.Image),r)},i.prototype.listImages=function(){return this.style.listImages()},i.prototype.addLayer=function(t,e){return this._lazyInitEmptyStyle(),this.style.addLayer(t,e),this._update(!0)},i.prototype.moveLayer=function(t,e){return this.style.moveLayer(t,e),this._update(!0)},i.prototype.removeLayer=function(t){return this.style.removeLayer(t),this._update(!0)},i.prototype.getLayer=function(t){return this.style.getLayer(t)},i.prototype.setLayerZoomRange=function(t,e,r){return this.style.setLayerZoomRange(t,e,r),this._update(!0)},i.prototype.setFilter=function(t,e,r){return void 0===r&&(r={}),this.style.setFilter(t,e,r),this._update(!0)},i.prototype.getFilter=function(t){return this.style.getFilter(t)},i.prototype.setPaintProperty=function(t,e,r,n){return void 0===n&&(n={}),this.style.setPaintProperty(t,e,r,n),this._update(!0)},i.prototype.getPaintProperty=function(t,e){return this.style.getPaintProperty(t,e)},i.prototype.setLayoutProperty=function(t,e,r,n){return void 0===n&&(n={}),this.style.setLayoutProperty(t,e,r,n),this._update(!0)},i.prototype.getLayoutProperty=function(t,e){return this.style.getLayoutProperty(t,e)},i.prototype.setLight=function(t,e){return void 0===e&&(e={}),this._lazyInitEmptyStyle(),this.style.setLight(t,e),this._update(!0)},i.prototype.getLight=function(){return this.style.getLight()},i.prototype.setFeatureState=function(t,e){return this.style.setFeatureState(t,e),this._update()},i.prototype.removeFeatureState=function(t,e){return this.style.removeFeatureState(t,e),this._update()},i.prototype.getFeatureState=function(t){return this.style.getFeatureState(t)},i.prototype.getContainer=function(){return this._container},i.prototype.getCanvasContainer=function(){return this._canvasContainer},i.prototype.getCanvas=function(){return this._canvas},i.prototype._containerDimensions=function(){var t=0,e=0;return this._container&&(t=this._container.clientWidth||400,e=this._container.clientHeight||300),[t,e]},i.prototype._detectMissingCSS=function(){"rgb(250, 128, 114)"!==t.window.getComputedStyle(this._missingCSSCanary).getPropertyValue("background-color")&&t.warnOnce("This page appears to be missing CSS declarations for Mapbox GL JS, which may cause the map to display incorrectly. Please ensure your page includes mapbox-gl.css, as described in https://www.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/api/.")},i.prototype._setupContainer=function(){var t=this._container;t.classList.add("mapboxgl-map"),(this._missingCSSCanary=r.create("div","mapboxgl-canary",t)).style.visibility="hidden",this._detectMissingCSS();var e=this._canvasContainer=r.create("div","mapboxgl-canvas-container",t);this._interactive&&e.classList.add("mapboxgl-interactive"),this._canvas=r.create("canvas","mapboxgl-canvas",e),this._canvas.addEventListener("webglcontextlost",this._contextLost,!1),this._canvas.addEventListener("webglcontextrestored",this._contextRestored,!1),this._canvas.setAttribute("tabindex","0"),this._canvas.setAttribute("aria-label","Map");var n=this._containerDimensions();this._resizeCanvas(n[0],n[1]);var i=this._controlContainer=r.create("div","mapboxgl-control-container",t),a=this._controlPositions={};["top-left","top-right","bottom-left","bottom-right"].forEach((function(t){a[t]=r.create("div","mapboxgl-ctrl-"+t,i)}))},i.prototype._resizeCanvas=function(e,r){var n=t.browser.devicePixelRatio||1;this._canvas.width=n*e,this._canvas.height=n*r,this._canvas.style.width=e+"px",this._canvas.style.height=r+"px"},i.prototype._setupPainter=function(){var r=t.extend({},e.webGLContextAttributes,{failIfMajorPerformanceCaveat:this._failIfMajorPerformanceCaveat,preserveDrawingBuffer:this._preserveDrawingBuffer,antialias:this._antialias||!1}),n=this._canvas.getContext("webgl",r)||this._canvas.getContext("experimental-webgl",r);n?(this.painter=new _n(n,this.transform),t.webpSupported.testSupport(n)):this.fire(new t.ErrorEvent(new Error("Failed to initialize WebGL")))},i.prototype._contextLost=function(e){e.preventDefault(),this._frame&&(this._frame.cancel(),this._frame=null),this.fire(new t.Event("webglcontextlost",{originalEvent:e}))},i.prototype._contextRestored=function(e){this._setupPainter(),this.resize(),this._update(),this.fire(new t.Event("webglcontextrestored",{originalEvent:e}))},i.prototype.loaded=function(){return!this._styleDirty&&!this._sourcesDirty&&!!this.style&&this.style.loaded()},i.prototype._update=function(t){return this.style?(this._styleDirty=this._styleDirty||t,this._sourcesDirty=!0,this.triggerRepaint(),this):this},i.prototype._requestRenderFrame=function(t){return this._update(),this._renderTaskQueue.add(t)},i.prototype._cancelRenderFrame=function(t){this._renderTaskQueue.remove(t)},i.prototype._render=function(e){var r,n=this,i=0,a=this.painter.context.extTimerQuery;if(this.listens("gpu-timing-frame")&&(r=a.createQueryEXT(),a.beginQueryEXT(a.TIME_ELAPSED_EXT,r),i=t.browser.now()),this.painter.context.setDirty(),this.painter.setBaseState(),this._renderTaskQueue.run(e),!this._removed){var o=!1;if(this.style&&this._styleDirty){this._styleDirty=!1;var s=this.transform.zoom,l=t.browser.now();this.style.zoomHistory.update(s,l);var c=new t.EvaluationParameters(s,{now:l,fadeDuration:this._fadeDuration,zoomHistory:this.style.zoomHistory,transition:this.style.getTransition()}),u=c.crossFadingFactor();1===u&&u===this._crossFadingFactor||(o=!0,this._crossFadingFactor=u),this.style.update(c)}if(this.style&&this._sourcesDirty&&(this._sourcesDirty=!1,this.style._updateSources(this.transform)),this._placementDirty=this.style&&this.style._updatePlacement(this.painter.transform,this.showCollisionBoxes,this._fadeDuration,this._crossSourceCollisions),this.painter.render(this.style,{showTileBoundaries:this.showTileBoundaries,showOverdrawInspector:this._showOverdrawInspector,rotating:this.isRotating(),zooming:this.isZooming(),moving:this.isMoving(),fadeDuration:this._fadeDuration,showPadding:this.showPadding,gpuTiming:!!this.listens("gpu-timing-layer")}),this.fire(new t.Event("render")),this.loaded()&&!this._loaded&&(this._loaded=!0,this.fire(new t.Event("load"))),this.style&&(this.style.hasTransitions()||o)&&(this._styleDirty=!0),this.style&&!this._placementDirty&&this.style._releaseSymbolFadeTiles(),this.listens("gpu-timing-frame")){var f=t.browser.now()-i;a.endQueryEXT(a.TIME_ELAPSED_EXT,r),setTimeout((function(){var e=a.getQueryObjectEXT(r,a.QUERY_RESULT_EXT)/1e6;a.deleteQueryEXT(r),n.fire(new t.Event("gpu-timing-frame",{cpuTime:f,gpuTime:e}))}),50)}if(this.listens("gpu-timing-layer")){var h=this.painter.collectGpuTimers();setTimeout((function(){var e=n.painter.queryGpuTimers(h);n.fire(new t.Event("gpu-timing-layer",{layerTimes:e}))}),50)}return this._sourcesDirty||this._styleDirty||this._placementDirty||this._repaint?this.triggerRepaint():!this.isMoving()&&this.loaded()&&(this._fullyLoaded||(this._fullyLoaded=!0),this.fire(new t.Event("idle"))),this}},i.prototype.remove=function(){this._hash&&this._hash.remove();for(var e=0,r=this._controls;e<r.length;e+=1){r[e].onRemove(this)}this._controls=[],this._frame&&(this._frame.cancel(),this._frame=null),this._renderTaskQueue.clear(),this.painter.destroy(),this.handlers.destroy(),delete this.handlers,this.setStyle(null),void 0!==t.window&&(t.window.removeEventListener("resize",this._onWindowResize,!1),t.window.removeEventListener("online",this._onWindowOnline,!1));var n=this.painter.context.gl.getExtension("WEBGL_lose_context");n&&n.loseContext(),Li(this._canvasContainer),Li(this._controlContainer),Li(this._missingCSSCanary),this._container.classList.remove("mapboxgl-map"),this._removed=!0,this.fire(new t.Event("remove"))},i.prototype.triggerRepaint=function(){var e=this;this.style&&!this._frame&&(this._frame=t.browser.frame((function(t){e._frame=null,e._render(t)})))},i.prototype._onWindowOnline=function(){this._update()},i.prototype._onWindowResize=function(t){this._trackResize&&this.resize({originalEvent:t})._update()},a.showTileBoundaries.get=function(){return!!this._showTileBoundaries},a.showTileBoundaries.set=function(t){this._showTileBoundaries!==t&&(this._showTileBoundaries=t,this._update())},a.showPadding.get=function(){return!!this._showPadding},a.showPadding.set=function(t){this._showPadding!==t&&(this._showPadding=t,this._update())},a.showCollisionBoxes.get=function(){return!!this._showCollisionBoxes},a.showCollisionBoxes.set=function(t){this._showCollisionBoxes!==t&&(this._showCollisionBoxes=t,t?this.style._generateCollisionBoxes():this._update())},a.showOverdrawInspector.get=function(){return!!this._showOverdrawInspector},a.showOverdrawInspector.set=function(t){this._showOverdrawInspector!==t&&(this._showOverdrawInspector=t,this._update())},a.repaint.get=function(){return!!this._repaint},a.repaint.set=function(t){this._repaint!==t&&(this._repaint=t,this.triggerRepaint())},a.vertices.get=function(){return!!this._vertices},a.vertices.set=function(t){this._vertices=t,this._update()},i.prototype._setCacheLimits=function(e,r){t.setCacheLimits(e,r)},a.version.get=function(){return t.version},Object.defineProperties(i.prototype,a),i}(xi);function Li(t){t.parentNode&&t.parentNode.removeChild(t)}var Ci={showCompass:!0,showZoom:!0,visualizePitch:!1},Pi=function(e){var n=this;this.options=t.extend({},Ci,e),this._container=r.create("div","mapboxgl-ctrl mapboxgl-ctrl-group"),this._container.addEventListener("contextmenu",(function(t){return t.preventDefault()})),this.options.showZoom&&(t.bindAll(["_setButtonTitle","_updateZoomButtons"],this),this._zoomInButton=this._createButton("mapboxgl-ctrl-zoom-in",(function(t){return n._map.zoomIn({},{originalEvent:t})})),r.create("span","mapboxgl-ctrl-icon",this._zoomInButton).setAttribute("aria-hidden",!0),this._zoomOutButton=this._createButton("mapboxgl-ctrl-zoom-out",(function(t){return n._map.zoomOut({},{originalEvent:t})})),r.create("span","mapboxgl-ctrl-icon",this._zoomOutButton).setAttribute("aria-hidden",!0)),this.options.showCompass&&(t.bindAll(["_rotateCompassArrow"],this),this._compass=this._createButton("mapboxgl-ctrl-compass",(function(t){n.options.visualizePitch?n._map.resetNorthPitch({},{originalEvent:t}):n._map.resetNorth({},{originalEvent:t})})),this._compassIcon=r.create("span","mapboxgl-ctrl-icon",this._compass),this._compassIcon.setAttribute("aria-hidden",!0))};Pi.prototype._updateZoomButtons=function(){var t=this._map.getZoom();this._zoomInButton.disabled=t===this._map.getMaxZoom(),this._zoomOutButton.disabled=t===this._map.getMinZoom()},Pi.prototype._rotateCompassArrow=function(){var t=this.options.visualizePitch?"scale("+1/Math.pow(Math.cos(this._map.transform.pitch*(Math.PI/180)),.5)+") rotateX("+this._map.transform.pitch+"deg) rotateZ("+this._map.transform.angle*(180/Math.PI)+"deg)":"rotate("+this._map.transform.angle*(180/Math.PI)+"deg)";this._compassIcon.style.transform=t},Pi.prototype.onAdd=function(t){return this._map=t,this.options.showZoom&&(this._setButtonTitle(this._zoomInButton,"ZoomIn"),this._setButtonTitle(this._zoomOutButton,"ZoomOut"),this._map.on("zoom",this._updateZoomButtons),this._updateZoomButtons()),this.options.showCompass&&(this._setButtonTitle(this._compass,"ResetBearing"),this.options.visualizePitch&&this._map.on("pitch",this._rotateCompassArrow),this._map.on("rotate",this._rotateCompassArrow),this._rotateCompassArrow(),this._handler=new Ii(this._map,this._compass,this.options.visualizePitch)),this._container},Pi.prototype.onRemove=function(){r.remove(this._container),this.options.showZoom&&this._map.off("zoom",this._updateZoomButtons),this.options.showCompass&&(this.options.visualizePitch&&this._map.off("pitch",this._rotateCompassArrow),this._map.off("rotate",this._rotateCompassArrow),this._handler.off(),delete this._handler),delete this._map},Pi.prototype._createButton=function(t,e){var n=r.create("button",t,this._container);return n.type="button",n.addEventListener("click",e),n},Pi.prototype._setButtonTitle=function(t,e){var r=this._map._getUIString("NavigationControl."+e);t.title=r,t.setAttribute("aria-label",r)};var Ii=function(e,n,i){void 0===i&&(i=!1),this._clickTolerance=10,this.element=n,this.mouseRotate=new Zn({clickTolerance:e.dragRotate._mouseRotate._clickTolerance}),this.map=e,i&&(this.mousePitch=new Xn({clickTolerance:e.dragRotate._mousePitch._clickTolerance})),t.bindAll(["mousedown","mousemove","mouseup","touchstart","touchmove","touchend","reset"],this),r.addEventListener(n,"mousedown",this.mousedown),r.addEventListener(n,"touchstart",this.touchstart,{passive:!1}),r.addEventListener(n,"touchmove",this.touchmove),r.addEventListener(n,"touchend",this.touchend),r.addEventListener(n,"touchcancel",this.reset)};function Oi(e,r,n){if(e=new t.LngLat(e.lng,e.lat),r){var i=new t.LngLat(e.lng-360,e.lat),a=new t.LngLat(e.lng+360,e.lat),o=n.locationPoint(e).distSqr(r);n.locationPoint(i).distSqr(r)<o?e=i:n.locationPoint(a).distSqr(r)<o&&(e=a)}for(;Math.abs(e.lng-n.center.lng)>180;){var s=n.locationPoint(e);if(s.x>=0&&s.y>=0&&s.x<=n.width&&s.y<=n.height)break;e.lng>n.center.lng?e.lng-=360:e.lng+=360}return e}Ii.prototype.down=function(t,e){this.mouseRotate.mousedown(t,e),this.mousePitch&&this.mousePitch.mousedown(t,e),r.disableDrag()},Ii.prototype.move=function(t,e){var r=this.map,n=this.mouseRotate.mousemoveWindow(t,e);if(n&&n.bearingDelta&&r.setBearing(r.getBearing()+n.bearingDelta),this.mousePitch){var i=this.mousePitch.mousemoveWindow(t,e);i&&i.pitchDelta&&r.setPitch(r.getPitch()+i.pitchDelta)}},Ii.prototype.off=function(){var t=this.element;r.removeEventListener(t,"mousedown",this.mousedown),r.removeEventListener(t,"touchstart",this.touchstart,{passive:!1}),r.removeEventListener(t,"touchmove",this.touchmove),r.removeEventListener(t,"touchend",this.touchend),r.removeEventListener(t,"touchcancel",this.reset),this.offTemp()},Ii.prototype.offTemp=function(){r.enableDrag(),r.removeEventListener(t.window,"mousemove",this.mousemove),r.removeEventListener(t.window,"mouseup",this.mouseup)},Ii.prototype.mousedown=function(e){this.down(t.extend({},e,{ctrlKey:!0,preventDefault:function(){return e.preventDefault()}}),r.mousePos(this.element,e)),r.addEventListener(t.window,"mousemove",this.mousemove),r.addEventListener(t.window,"mouseup",this.mouseup)},Ii.prototype.mousemove=function(t){this.move(t,r.mousePos(this.element,t))},Ii.prototype.mouseup=function(t){this.mouseRotate.mouseupWindow(t),this.mousePitch&&this.mousePitch.mouseupWindow(t),this.offTemp()},Ii.prototype.touchstart=function(t){1!==t.targetTouches.length?this.reset():(this._startPos=this._lastPos=r.touchPos(this.element,t.targetTouches)[0],this.down({type:"mousedown",button:0,ctrlKey:!0,preventDefault:function(){return t.preventDefault()}},this._startPos))},Ii.prototype.touchmove=function(t){1!==t.targetTouches.length?this.reset():(this._lastPos=r.touchPos(this.element,t.targetTouches)[0],this.move({preventDefault:function(){return t.preventDefault()}},this._lastPos))},Ii.prototype.touchend=function(t){0===t.targetTouches.length&&this._startPos&&this._lastPos&&this._startPos.dist(this._lastPos)<this._clickTolerance&&this.element.click(),this.reset()},Ii.prototype.reset=function(){this.mouseRotate.reset(),this.mousePitch&&this.mousePitch.reset(),delete this._startPos,delete this._lastPos,this.offTemp()};var zi={center:"translate(-50%,-50%)",top:"translate(-50%,0)","top-left":"translate(0,0)","top-right":"translate(-100%,0)",bottom:"translate(-50%,-100%)","bottom-left":"translate(0,-100%)","bottom-right":"translate(-100%,-100%)",left:"translate(0,-50%)",right:"translate(-100%,-50%)"};function Di(t,e,r){var n=t.classList;for(var i in zi)n.remove("mapboxgl-"+r+"-anchor-"+i);n.add("mapboxgl-"+r+"-anchor-"+e)}var Ri,Fi=function(e){function n(n,i){var a=this;if(e.call(this),(n instanceof t.window.HTMLElement||i)&&(n=t.extend({element:n},i)),t.bindAll(["_update","_onMove","_onUp","_addDragHandler","_onMapClick","_onKeyPress"],this),this._anchor=n&&n.anchor||"center",this._color=n&&n.color||"#3FB1CE",this._draggable=n&&n.draggable||!1,this._state="inactive",this._rotation=n&&n.rotation||0,this._rotationAlignment=n&&n.rotationAlignment||"auto",this._pitchAlignment=n&&n.pitchAlignment&&"auto"!==n.pitchAlignment?n.pitchAlignment:this._rotationAlignment,n&&n.element)this._element=n.element,this._offset=t.Point.convert(n&&n.offset||[0,0]);else{this._defaultMarker=!0,this._element=r.create("div"),this._element.setAttribute("aria-label","Map marker");var o=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","svg");o.setAttributeNS(null,"display","block"),o.setAttributeNS(null,"height","41px"),o.setAttributeNS(null,"width","27px"),o.setAttributeNS(null,"viewBox","0 0 27 41");var s=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","g");s.setAttributeNS(null,"stroke","none"),s.setAttributeNS(null,"stroke-width","1"),s.setAttributeNS(null,"fill","none"),s.setAttributeNS(null,"fill-rule","evenodd");var l=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","g");l.setAttributeNS(null,"fill-rule","nonzero");var c=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","g");c.setAttributeNS(null,"transform","translate(3.0, 29.0)"),c.setAttributeNS(null,"fill","#000000");for(var u=0,f=[{rx:"10.5",ry:"5.25002273"},{rx:"10.5",ry:"5.25002273"},{rx:"9.5",ry:"4.77275007"},{rx:"8.5",ry:"4.29549936"},{rx:"7.5",ry:"3.81822308"},{rx:"6.5",ry:"3.34094679"},{rx:"5.5",ry:"2.86367051"},{rx:"4.5",ry:"2.38636864"}];u<f.length;u+=1){var h=f[u],p=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","ellipse");p.setAttributeNS(null,"opacity","0.04"),p.setAttributeNS(null,"cx","10.5"),p.setAttributeNS(null,"cy","5.80029008"),p.setAttributeNS(null,"rx",h.rx),p.setAttributeNS(null,"ry",h.ry),c.appendChild(p)}var d=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","g");d.setAttributeNS(null,"fill",this._color);var m=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","path");m.setAttributeNS(null,"d","M27,13.5 C27,19.074644 20.250001,27.000002 14.75,34.500002 C14.016665,35.500004 12.983335,35.500004 12.25,34.500002 C6.7499993,27.000002 0,19.222562 0,13.5 C0,6.0441559 6.0441559,0 13.5,0 C20.955844,0 27,6.0441559 27,13.5 Z"),d.appendChild(m);var g=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","g");g.setAttributeNS(null,"opacity","0.25"),g.setAttributeNS(null,"fill","#000000");var v=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","path");v.setAttributeNS(null,"d","M13.5,0 C6.0441559,0 0,6.0441559 0,13.5 C0,19.222562 6.7499993,27 12.25,34.5 C13,35.522727 14.016664,35.500004 14.75,34.5 C20.250001,27 27,19.074644 27,13.5 C27,6.0441559 20.955844,0 13.5,0 Z M13.5,1 C20.415404,1 26,6.584596 26,13.5 C26,15.898657 24.495584,19.181431 22.220703,22.738281 C19.945823,26.295132 16.705119,30.142167 13.943359,33.908203 C13.743445,34.180814 13.612715,34.322738 13.5,34.441406 C13.387285,34.322738 13.256555,34.180814 13.056641,33.908203 C10.284481,30.127985 7.4148684,26.314159 5.015625,22.773438 C2.6163816,19.232715 1,15.953538 1,13.5 C1,6.584596 6.584596,1 13.5,1 Z"),g.appendChild(v);var y=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","g");y.setAttributeNS(null,"transform","translate(6.0, 7.0)"),y.setAttributeNS(null,"fill","#FFFFFF");var x=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","g");x.setAttributeNS(null,"transform","translate(8.0, 8.0)");var b=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","circle");b.setAttributeNS(null,"fill","#000000"),b.setAttributeNS(null,"opacity","0.25"),b.setAttributeNS(null,"cx","5.5"),b.setAttributeNS(null,"cy","5.5"),b.setAttributeNS(null,"r","5.4999962");var _=r.createNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","circle");_.setAttributeNS(null,"fill","#FFFFFF"),_.setAttributeNS(null,"cx","5.5"),_.setAttributeNS(null,"cy","5.5"),_.setAttributeNS(null,"r","5.4999962"),x.appendChild(b),x.appendChild(_),l.appendChild(c),l.appendChild(d),l.appendChild(g),l.appendChild(y),l.appendChild(x),o.appendChild(l),this._element.appendChild(o),this._offset=t.Point.convert(n&&n.offset||[0,-14])}this._element.classList.add("mapboxgl-marker"),this._element.addEventListener("dragstart",(function(t){t.preventDefault()})),this._element.addEventListener("mousedown",(function(t){t.preventDefault()})),this._element.addEventListener("focus",(function(){var t=a._map.getContainer();t.scrollTop=0,t.scrollLeft=0})),Di(this._element,this._anchor,"marker"),this._popup=null}return e&&(n.__proto__=e),n.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),n.prototype.constructor=n,n.prototype.addTo=function(t){return this.remove(),this._map=t,t.getCanvasContainer().appendChild(this._element),t.on("move",this._update),t.on("moveend",this._update),this.setDraggable(this._draggable),this._update(),this._map.on("click",this._onMapClick),this},n.prototype.remove=function(){return this._map&&(this._map.off("click",this._onMapClick),this._map.off("move",this._update),this._map.off("moveend",this._update),this._map.off("mousedown",this._addDragHandler),this._map.off("touchstart",this._addDragHandler),this._map.off("mouseup",this._onUp),this._map.off("touchend",this._onUp),this._map.off("mousemove",this._onMove),this._map.off("touchmove",this._onMove),delete this._map),r.remove(this._element),this._popup&&this._popup.remove(),this},n.prototype.getLngLat=function(){return this._lngLat},n.prototype.setLngLat=function(e){return this._lngLat=t.LngLat.convert(e),this._pos=null,this._popup&&this._popup.setLngLat(this._lngLat),this._update(),this},n.prototype.getElement=function(){return this._element},n.prototype.setPopup=function(t){if(this._popup&&(this._popup.remove(),this._popup=null,this._element.removeEventListener("keypress",this._onKeyPress),this._originalTabIndex||this._element.removeAttribute("tabindex")),t){if(!("offset"in t.options)){var e=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(13.5,2)/2);t.options.offset=this._defaultMarker?{top:[0,0],"top-left":[0,0],"top-right":[0,0],bottom:[0,-38.1],"bottom-left":[e,-1*(24.6+e)],"bottom-right":[-e,-1*(24.6+e)],left:[13.5,-24.6],right:[-13.5,-24.6]}:this._offset}this._popup=t,this._lngLat&&this._popup.setLngLat(this._lngLat),this._originalTabIndex=this._element.getAttribute("tabindex"),this._originalTabIndex||this._element.setAttribute("tabindex","0"),this._element.addEventListener("keypress",this._onKeyPress)}return this},n.prototype._onKeyPress=function(t){var e=t.code,r=t.charCode||t.keyCode;"Space"!==e&&"Enter"!==e&&32!==r&&13!==r||this.togglePopup()},n.prototype._onMapClick=function(t){var e=t.originalEvent.target,r=this._element;this._popup&&(e===r||r.contains(e))&&this.togglePopup()},n.prototype.getPopup=function(){return this._popup},n.prototype.togglePopup=function(){var t=this._popup;return t?(t.isOpen()?t.remove():t.addTo(this._map),this):this},n.prototype._update=function(t){if(this._map){this._map.transform.renderWorldCopies&&(this._lngLat=Oi(this._lngLat,this._pos,this._map.transform)),this._pos=this._map.project(this._lngLat)._add(this._offset);var e="";"viewport"===this._rotationAlignment||"auto"===this._rotationAlignment?e="rotateZ("+this._rotation+"deg)":"map"===this._rotationAlignment&&(e="rotateZ("+(this._rotation-this._map.getBearing())+"deg)");var n="";"viewport"===this._pitchAlignment||"auto"===this._pitchAlignment?n="rotateX(0deg)":"map"===this._pitchAlignment&&(n="rotateX("+this._map.getPitch()+"deg)"),t&&"moveend"!==t.type||(this._pos=this._pos.round()),r.setTransform(this._element,zi[this._anchor]+" translate("+this._pos.x+"px, "+this._pos.y+"px) "+n+" "+e)}},n.prototype.getOffset=function(){return this._offset},n.prototype.setOffset=function(e){return this._offset=t.Point.convert(e),this._update(),this},n.prototype._onMove=function(e){this._pos=e.point.sub(this._positionDelta),this._lngLat=this._map.unproject(this._pos),this.setLngLat(this._lngLat),this._element.style.pointerEvents="none","pending"===this._state&&(this._state="active",this.fire(new t.Event("dragstart"))),this.fire(new t.Event("drag"))},n.prototype._onUp=function(){this._element.style.pointerEvents="auto",this._positionDelta=null,this._map.off("mousemove",this._onMove),this._map.off("touchmove",this._onMove),"active"===this._state&&this.fire(new t.Event("dragend")),this._state="inactive"},n.prototype._addDragHandler=function(t){this._element.contains(t.originalEvent.target)&&(t.preventDefault(),this._positionDelta=t.point.sub(this._pos).add(this._offset),this._state="pending",this._map.on("mousemove",this._onMove),this._map.on("touchmove",this._onMove),this._map.once("mouseup",this._onUp),this._map.once("touchend",this._onUp))},n.prototype.setDraggable=function(t){return this._draggable=!!t,this._map&&(t?(this._map.on("mousedown",this._addDragHandler),this._map.on("touchstart",this._addDragHandler)):(this._map.off("mousedown",this._addDragHandler),this._map.off("touchstart",this._addDragHandler))),this},n.prototype.isDraggable=function(){return this._draggable},n.prototype.setRotation=function(t){return this._rotation=t||0,this._update(),this},n.prototype.getRotation=function(){return this._rotation},n.prototype.setRotationAlignment=function(t){return this._rotationAlignment=t||"auto",this._update(),this},n.prototype.getRotationAlignment=function(){return this._rotationAlignment},n.prototype.setPitchAlignment=function(t){return this._pitchAlignment=t&&"auto"!==t?t:this._rotationAlignment,this._update(),this},n.prototype.getPitchAlignment=function(){return this._pitchAlignment},n}(t.Evented),Bi={positionOptions:{enableHighAccuracy:!1,maximumAge:0,timeout:6e3},fitBoundsOptions:{maxZoom:15},trackUserLocation:!1,showAccuracyCircle:!0,showUserLocation:!0};var Ni=0,ji=!1,Ui=function(e){function n(r){e.call(this),this.options=t.extend({},Bi,r),t.bindAll(["_onSuccess","_onError","_onZoom","_finish","_setupUI","_updateCamera","_updateMarker"],this)}return e&&(n.__proto__=e),n.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),n.prototype.constructor=n,n.prototype.onAdd=function(e){var n;return this._map=e,this._container=r.create("div","mapboxgl-ctrl mapboxgl-ctrl-group"),n=this._setupUI,void 0!==Ri?n(Ri):void 0!==t.window.navigator.permissions?t.window.navigator.permissions.query({name:"geolocation"}).then((function(t){Ri="denied"!==t.state,n(Ri)})):(Ri=!!t.window.navigator.geolocation,n(Ri)),this._container},n.prototype.onRemove=function(){void 0!==this._geolocationWatchID&&(t.window.navigator.geolocation.clearWatch(this._geolocationWatchID),this._geolocationWatchID=void 0),this.options.showUserLocation&&this._userLocationDotMarker&&this._userLocationDotMarker.remove(),this.options.showAccuracyCircle&&this._accuracyCircleMarker&&this._accuracyCircleMarker.remove(),r.remove(this._container),this._map.off("zoom",this._onZoom),this._map=void 0,Ni=0,ji=!1},n.prototype._isOutOfMapMaxBounds=function(t){var e=this._map.getMaxBounds(),r=t.coords;return e&&(r.longitude<e.getWest()||r.longitude>e.getEast()||r.latitude<e.getSouth()||r.latitude>e.getNorth())},n.prototype._setErrorState=function(){switch(this._watchState){case"WAITING_ACTIVE":this._watchState="ACTIVE_ERROR",this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active"),this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active-error");break;case"ACTIVE_LOCK":this._watchState="ACTIVE_ERROR",this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active"),this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active-error"),this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting");break;case"BACKGROUND":this._watchState="BACKGROUND_ERROR",this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background"),this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background-error"),this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting")}},n.prototype._onSuccess=function(e){if(this._map){if(this._isOutOfMapMaxBounds(e))return this._setErrorState(),this.fire(new t.Event("outofmaxbounds",e)),this._updateMarker(),void this._finish();if(this.options.trackUserLocation)switch(this._lastKnownPosition=e,this._watchState){case"WAITING_ACTIVE":case"ACTIVE_LOCK":case"ACTIVE_ERROR":this._watchState="ACTIVE_LOCK",this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting"),this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active-error"),this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active");break;case"BACKGROUND":case"BACKGROUND_ERROR":this._watchState="BACKGROUND",this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting"),this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background-error"),this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background")}this.options.showUserLocation&&"OFF"!==this._watchState&&this._updateMarker(e),this.options.trackUserLocation&&"ACTIVE_LOCK"!==this._watchState||this._updateCamera(e),this.options.showUserLocation&&this._dotElement.classList.remove("mapboxgl-user-location-dot-stale"),this.fire(new t.Event("geolocate",e)),this._finish()}},n.prototype._updateCamera=function(e){var r=new t.LngLat(e.coords.longitude,e.coords.latitude),n=e.coords.accuracy,i=this._map.getBearing(),a=t.extend({bearing:i},this.options.fitBoundsOptions);this._map.fitBounds(r.toBounds(n),a,{geolocateSource:!0})},n.prototype._updateMarker=function(e){if(e){var r=new t.LngLat(e.coords.longitude,e.coords.latitude);this._accuracyCircleMarker.setLngLat(r).addTo(this._map),this._userLocationDotMarker.setLngLat(r).addTo(this._map),this._accuracy=e.coords.accuracy,this.options.showUserLocation&&this.options.showAccuracyCircle&&this._updateCircleRadius()}else this._userLocationDotMarker.remove(),this._accuracyCircleMarker.remove()},n.prototype._updateCircleRadius=function(){var t=this._map._container.clientHeight/2,e=this._map.unproject([0,t]),r=this._map.unproject([1,t]),n=e.distanceTo(r),i=Math.ceil(2*this._accuracy/n);this._circleElement.style.width=i+"px",this._circleElement.style.height=i+"px"},n.prototype._onZoom=function(){this.options.showUserLocation&&this.options.showAccuracyCircle&&this._updateCircleRadius()},n.prototype._onError=function(e){if(this._map){if(this.options.trackUserLocation)if(1===e.code){this._watchState="OFF",this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting"),this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active"),this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active-error"),this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background"),this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background-error"),this._geolocateButton.disabled=!0;var r=this._map._getUIString("GeolocateControl.LocationNotAvailable");this._geolocateButton.title=r,this._geolocateButton.setAttribute("aria-label",r),void 0!==this._geolocationWatchID&&this._clearWatch()}else{if(3===e.code&&ji)return;this._setErrorState()}"OFF"!==this._watchState&&this.options.showUserLocation&&this._dotElement.classList.add("mapboxgl-user-location-dot-stale"),this.fire(new t.Event("error",e)),this._finish()}},n.prototype._finish=function(){this._timeoutId&&clearTimeout(this._timeoutId),this._timeoutId=void 0},n.prototype._setupUI=function(e){var n=this;if(this._container.addEventListener("contextmenu",(function(t){return t.preventDefault()})),this._geolocateButton=r.create("button","mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate",this._container),r.create("span","mapboxgl-ctrl-icon",this._geolocateButton).setAttribute("aria-hidden",!0),this._geolocateButton.type="button",!1===e){t.warnOnce("Geolocation support is not available so the GeolocateControl will be disabled.");var i=this._map._getUIString("GeolocateControl.LocationNotAvailable");this._geolocateButton.disabled=!0,this._geolocateButton.title=i,this._geolocateButton.setAttribute("aria-label",i)}else{var a=this._map._getUIString("GeolocateControl.FindMyLocation");this._geolocateButton.title=a,this._geolocateButton.setAttribute("aria-label",a)}this.options.trackUserLocation&&(this._geolocateButton.setAttribute("aria-pressed","false"),this._watchState="OFF"),this.options.showUserLocation&&(this._dotElement=r.create("div","mapboxgl-user-location-dot"),this._userLocationDotMarker=new Fi(this._dotElement),this._circleElement=r.create("div","mapboxgl-user-location-accuracy-circle"),this._accuracyCircleMarker=new Fi({element:this._circleElement,pitchAlignment:"map"}),this.options.trackUserLocation&&(this._watchState="OFF"),this._map.on("zoom",this._onZoom)),this._geolocateButton.addEventListener("click",this.trigger.bind(this)),this._setup=!0,this.options.trackUserLocation&&this._map.on("movestart",(function(e){var r=e.originalEvent&&"resize"===e.originalEvent.type;e.geolocateSource||"ACTIVE_LOCK"!==n._watchState||r||(n._watchState="BACKGROUND",n._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background"),n._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active"),n.fire(new t.Event("trackuserlocationend")))}))},n.prototype.trigger=function(){if(!this._setup)return t.warnOnce("Geolocate control triggered before added to a map"),!1;if(this.options.trackUserLocation){switch(this._watchState){case"OFF":this._watchState="WAITING_ACTIVE",this.fire(new t.Event("trackuserlocationstart"));break;case"WAITING_ACTIVE":case"ACTIVE_LOCK":case"ACTIVE_ERROR":case"BACKGROUND_ERROR":Ni--,ji=!1,this._watchState="OFF",this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting"),this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active"),this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active-error"),this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background"),this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background-error"),this.fire(new t.Event("trackuserlocationend"));break;case"BACKGROUND":this._watchState="ACTIVE_LOCK",this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background"),this._lastKnownPosition&&this._updateCamera(this._lastKnownPosition),this.fire(new t.Event("trackuserlocationstart"))}switch(this._watchState){case"WAITING_ACTIVE":this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting"),this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active");break;case"ACTIVE_LOCK":this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active");break;case"ACTIVE_ERROR":this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting"),this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-active-error");break;case"BACKGROUND":this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background");break;case"BACKGROUND_ERROR":this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting"),this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-background-error")}if("OFF"===this._watchState&&void 0!==this._geolocationWatchID)this._clearWatch();else if(void 0===this._geolocationWatchID){var e;this._geolocateButton.classList.add("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting"),this._geolocateButton.setAttribute("aria-pressed","true"),++Ni>1?(e={maximumAge:6e5,timeout:0},ji=!0):(e=this.options.positionOptions,ji=!1),this._geolocationWatchID=t.window.navigator.geolocation.watchPosition(this._onSuccess,this._onError,e)}}else t.window.navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(this._onSuccess,this._onError,this.options.positionOptions),this._timeoutId=setTimeout(this._finish,1e4);return!0},n.prototype._clearWatch=function(){t.window.navigator.geolocation.clearWatch(this._geolocationWatchID),this._geolocationWatchID=void 0,this._geolocateButton.classList.remove("mapboxgl-ctrl-geolocate-waiting"),this._geolocateButton.setAttribute("aria-pressed","false"),this.options.showUserLocation&&this._updateMarker(null)},n}(t.Evented),Vi={maxWidth:100,unit:"metric"},Hi=function(e){this.options=t.extend({},Vi,e),t.bindAll(["_onMove","setUnit"],this)};function qi(t,e,r){var n=r&&r.maxWidth||100,i=t._container.clientHeight/2,a=t.unproject([0,i]),o=t.unproject([n,i]),s=a.distanceTo(o);if(r&&"imperial"===r.unit){var l=3.2808*s;if(l>5280)Gi(e,n,l/5280,t._getUIString("ScaleControl.Miles"));else Gi(e,n,l,t._getUIString("ScaleControl.Feet"))}else if(r&&"nautical"===r.unit){Gi(e,n,s/1852,t._getUIString("ScaleControl.NauticalMiles"))}else s>=1e3?Gi(e,n,s/1e3,t._getUIString("ScaleControl.Kilometers")):Gi(e,n,s,t._getUIString("ScaleControl.Meters"))}function Gi(t,e,r,n){var i,a,o,s=(i=r,a=Math.pow(10,(""+Math.floor(i)).length-1),o=(o=i/a)>=10?10:o>=5?5:o>=3?3:o>=2?2:o>=1?1:function(t){var e=Math.pow(10,Math.ceil(-Math.log(t)/Math.LN10));return Math.round(t*e)/e}(o),a*o),l=s/r;t.style.width=e*l+"px",t.innerHTML=s+" "+n}Hi.prototype.getDefaultPosition=function(){return"bottom-left"},Hi.prototype._onMove=function(){qi(this._map,this._container,this.options)},Hi.prototype.onAdd=function(t){return this._map=t,this._container=r.create("div","mapboxgl-ctrl mapboxgl-ctrl-scale",t.getContainer()),this._map.on("move",this._onMove),this._onMove(),this._container},Hi.prototype.onRemove=function(){r.remove(this._container),this._map.off("move",this._onMove),this._map=void 0},Hi.prototype.setUnit=function(t){this.options.unit=t,qi(this._map,this._container,this.options)};var Yi=function(e){this._fullscreen=!1,e&&e.container&&(e.container instanceof t.window.HTMLElement?this._container=e.container:t.warnOnce("Full screen control 'container' must be a DOM element.")),t.bindAll(["_onClickFullscreen","_changeIcon"],this),"onfullscreenchange"in t.window.document?this._fullscreenchange="fullscreenchange":"onmozfullscreenchange"in t.window.document?this._fullscreenchange="mozfullscreenchange":"onwebkitfullscreenchange"in t.window.document?this._fullscreenchange="webkitfullscreenchange":"onmsfullscreenchange"in t.window.document&&(this._fullscreenchange="MSFullscreenChange")};Yi.prototype.onAdd=function(e){return this._map=e,this._container||(this._container=this._map.getContainer()),this._controlContainer=r.create("div","mapboxgl-ctrl mapboxgl-ctrl-group"),this._checkFullscreenSupport()?this._setupUI():(this._controlContainer.style.display="none",t.warnOnce("This device does not support fullscreen mode.")),this._controlContainer},Yi.prototype.onRemove=function(){r.remove(this._controlContainer),this._map=null,t.window.document.removeEventListener(this._fullscreenchange,this._changeIcon)},Yi.prototype._checkFullscreenSupport=function(){return!!(t.window.document.fullscreenEnabled||t.window.document.mozFullScreenEnabled||t.window.document.msFullscreenEnabled||t.window.document.webkitFullscreenEnabled)},Yi.prototype._setupUI=function(){var e=this._fullscreenButton=r.create("button","mapboxgl-ctrl-fullscreen",this._controlContainer);r.create("span","mapboxgl-ctrl-icon",e).setAttribute("aria-hidden",!0),e.type="button",this._updateTitle(),this._fullscreenButton.addEventListener("click",this._onClickFullscreen),t.window.document.addEventListener(this._fullscreenchange,this._changeIcon)},Yi.prototype._updateTitle=function(){var t=this._getTitle();this._fullscreenButton.setAttribute("aria-label",t),this._fullscreenButton.title=t},Yi.prototype._getTitle=function(){return this._map._getUIString(this._isFullscreen()?"FullscreenControl.Exit":"FullscreenControl.Enter")},Yi.prototype._isFullscreen=function(){return this._fullscreen},Yi.prototype._changeIcon=function(){(t.window.document.fullscreenElement||t.window.document.mozFullScreenElement||t.window.document.webkitFullscreenElement||t.window.document.msFullscreenElement)===this._container!==this._fullscreen&&(this._fullscreen=!this._fullscreen,this._fullscreenButton.classList.toggle("mapboxgl-ctrl-shrink"),this._fullscreenButton.classList.toggle("mapboxgl-ctrl-fullscreen"),this._updateTitle())},Yi.prototype._onClickFullscreen=function(){this._isFullscreen()?t.window.document.exitFullscreen?t.window.document.exitFullscreen():t.window.document.mozCancelFullScreen?t.window.document.mozCancelFullScreen():t.window.document.msExitFullscreen?t.window.document.msExitFullscreen():t.window.document.webkitCancelFullScreen&&t.window.document.webkitCancelFullScreen():this._container.requestFullscreen?this._container.requestFullscreen():this._container.mozRequestFullScreen?this._container.mozRequestFullScreen():this._container.msRequestFullscreen?this._container.msRequestFullscreen():this._container.webkitRequestFullscreen&&this._container.webkitRequestFullscreen()};var Wi={closeButton:!0,closeOnClick:!0,className:"",maxWidth:"240px"},Zi=function(e){function n(r){e.call(this),this.options=t.extend(Object.create(Wi),r),t.bindAll(["_update","_onClose","remove","_onMouseMove","_onMouseUp","_onDrag"],this)}return e&&(n.__proto__=e),n.prototype=Object.create(e&&e.prototype),n.prototype.constructor=n,n.prototype.addTo=function(e){return this._map&&this.remove(),this._map=e,this.options.closeOnClick&&this._map.on("click",this._onClose),this.options.closeOnMove&&this._map.on("move",this._onClose),this._map.on("remove",this.remove),this._update(),this._trackPointer?(this._map.on("mousemove",this._onMouseMove),this._map.on("mouseup",this._onMouseUp),this._container&&this._container.classList.add("mapboxgl-popup-track-pointer"),this._map._canvasContainer.classList.add("mapboxgl-track-pointer")):this._map.on("move",this._update),this.fire(new t.Event("open")),this},n.prototype.isOpen=function(){return!!this._map},n.prototype.remove=function(){return this._content&&r.remove(this._content),this._container&&(r.remove(this._container),delete this._container),this._map&&(this._map.off("move",this._update),this._map.off("move",this._onClose),this._map.off("click",this._onClose),this._map.off("remove",this.remove),this._map.off("mousemove",this._onMouseMove),this._map.off("mouseup",this._onMouseUp),this._map.off("drag",this._onDrag),delete this._map),this.fire(new t.Event("close")),this},n.prototype.getLngLat=function(){return this._lngLat},n.prototype.setLngLat=function(e){return this._lngLat=t.LngLat.convert(e),this._pos=null,this._trackPointer=!1,this._update(),this._map&&(this._map.on("move",this._update),this._map.off("mousemove",this._onMouseMove),this._container&&this._container.classList.remove("mapboxgl-popup-track-pointer"),this._map._canvasContainer.classList.remove("mapboxgl-track-pointer")),this},n.prototype.trackPointer=function(){return this._trackPointer=!0,this._pos=null,this._update(),this._map&&(this._map.off("move",this._update),this._map.on("mousemove",this._onMouseMove),this._map.on("drag",this._onDrag),this._container&&this._container.classList.add("mapboxgl-popup-track-pointer"),this._map._canvasContainer.classList.add("mapboxgl-track-pointer")),this},n.prototype.getElement=function(){return this._container},n.prototype.setText=function(e){return this.setDOMContent(t.window.document.createTextNode(e))},n.prototype.setHTML=function(e){var r,n=t.window.document.createDocumentFragment(),i=t.window.document.createElement("body");for(i.innerHTML=e;r=i.firstChild;)n.appendChild(r);return this.setDOMContent(n)},n.prototype.getMaxWidth=function(){return this._container&&this._container.style.maxWidth},n.prototype.setMaxWidth=function(t){return this.options.maxWidth=t,this._update(),this},n.prototype.setDOMContent=function(t){return this._createContent(),this._content.appendChild(t),this._update(),this},n.prototype.addClassName=function(t){this._container&&this._container.classList.add(t)},n.prototype.removeClassName=function(t){this._container&&this._container.classList.remove(t)},n.prototype.toggleClassName=function(t){if(this._container)return this._container.classList.toggle(t)},n.prototype._createContent=function(){this._content&&r.remove(this._content),this._content=r.create("div","mapboxgl-popup-content",this._container),this.options.closeButton&&(this._closeButton=r.create("button","mapboxgl-popup-close-button",this._content),this._closeButton.type="button",this._closeButton.setAttribute("aria-label","Close popup"),this._closeButton.innerHTML="×",this._closeButton.addEventListener("click",this._onClose))},n.prototype._onMouseUp=function(t){this._update(t.point)},n.prototype._onMouseMove=function(t){this._update(t.point)},n.prototype._onDrag=function(t){this._update(t.point)},n.prototype._update=function(e){var n=this,i=this._lngLat||this._trackPointer;if(this._map&&i&&this._content&&(this._container||(this._container=r.create("div","mapboxgl-popup",this._map.getContainer()),this._tip=r.create("div","mapboxgl-popup-tip",this._container),this._container.appendChild(this._content),this.options.className&&this.options.className.split(" ").forEach((function(t){return n._container.classList.add(t)})),this._trackPointer&&this._container.classList.add("mapboxgl-popup-track-pointer")),this.options.maxWidth&&this._container.style.maxWidth!==this.options.maxWidth&&(this._container.style.maxWidth=this.options.maxWidth),this._map.transform.renderWorldCopies&&!this._trackPointer&&(this._lngLat=Oi(this._lngLat,this._pos,this._map.transform)),!this._trackPointer||e)){var a=this._pos=this._trackPointer&&e?e:this._map.project(this._lngLat),o=this.options.anchor,s=function e(r){if(r){if("number"==typeof r){var n=Math.round(Math.sqrt(.5*Math.pow(r,2)));return{center:new t.Point(0,0),top:new t.Point(0,r),"top-left":new t.Point(n,n),"top-right":new t.Point(-n,n),bottom:new t.Point(0,-r),"bottom-left":new t.Point(n,-n),"bottom-right":new t.Point(-n,-n),left:new t.Point(r,0),right:new t.Point(-r,0)}}if(r instanceof t.Point||Array.isArray(r)){var i=t.Point.convert(r);return{center:i,top:i,"top-left":i,"top-right":i,bottom:i,"bottom-left":i,"bottom-right":i,left:i,right:i}}return{center:t.Point.convert(r.center||[0,0]),top:t.Point.convert(r.top||[0,0]),"top-left":t.Point.convert(r["top-left"]||[0,0]),"top-right":t.Point.convert(r["top-right"]||[0,0]),bottom:t.Point.convert(r.bottom||[0,0]),"bottom-left":t.Point.convert(r["bottom-left"]||[0,0]),"bottom-right":t.Point.convert(r["bottom-right"]||[0,0]),left:t.Point.convert(r.left||[0,0]),right:t.Point.convert(r.right||[0,0])}}return e(new t.Point(0,0))}(this.options.offset);if(!o){var l,c=this._container.offsetWidth,u=this._container.offsetHeight;l=a.y+s.bottom.y<u?["top"]:a.y>this._map.transform.height-u?["bottom"]:[],a.x<c/2?l.push("left"):a.x>this._map.transform.width-c/2&&l.push("right"),o=0===l.length?"bottom":l.join("-")}var f=a.add(s[o]).round();r.setTransform(this._container,zi[o]+" translate("+f.x+"px,"+f.y+"px)"),Di(this._container,o,"popup")}},n.prototype._onClose=function(){this.remove()},n}(t.Evented);var Xi={version:t.version,supported:e,setRTLTextPlugin:t.setRTLTextPlugin,getRTLTextPluginStatus:t.getRTLTextPluginStatus,Map:Ei,NavigationControl:Pi,GeolocateControl:Ui,AttributionControl:bi,ScaleControl:Hi,FullscreenControl:Yi,Popup:Zi,Marker:Fi,Style:qe,LngLat:t.LngLat,LngLatBounds:t.LngLatBounds,Point:t.Point,MercatorCoordinate:t.MercatorCoordinate,Evented:t.Evented,config:t.config,prewarm:function(){Bt().acquire(zt)},clearPrewarmedResources:function(){var t=Rt;t&&(t.isPreloaded()&&1===t.numActive()?(t.release(zt),Rt=null):console.warn("Could not clear WebWorkers since there are active Map instances that still reference it. 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*/
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t.regions.forEach(e.addRegion),{segments:e.calculate(t.inverted),inverted:t.inverted}},combine:function(t,e){return{combined:o(!1,f,u).calculate(t.segments,t.inverted,e.segments,e.inverted),inverted1:t.inverted,inverted2:e.inverted}},selectUnion:function(t){return{segments:l.union(t.combined,u),inverted:t.inverted1||t.inverted2}},selectIntersect:function(t){return{segments:l.intersect(t.combined,u),inverted:t.inverted1&&t.inverted2}},selectDifference:function(t){return{segments:l.difference(t.combined,u),inverted:t.inverted1&&!t.inverted2}},selectDifferenceRev:function(t){return{segments:l.differenceRev(t.combined,u),inverted:!t.inverted1&&t.inverted2}},selectXor:function(t){return{segments:l.xor(t.combined,u),inverted:t.inverted1!==t.inverted2}},polygon:function(t){return{regions:s(t.segments,f,u),inverted:t.inverted}},polygonFromGeoJSON:function(t){return c.toPolygon(n,t)},polygonToGeoJSON:function(t){return c.fromPolygon(n,f,t)},union:function(t,e){return h(t,e,n.selectUnion)},intersect:function(t,e){return h(t,e,n.selectIntersect)},difference:function(t,e){return h(t,e,n.selectDifference)},differenceRev:function(t,e){return h(t,e,n.selectDifferenceRev)},xor:function(t,e){return h(t,e,n.selectXor)}},"object"==typeof window&&(window.PolyBool=n),e.exports=n},{"./lib/build-log":256,"./lib/epsilon":257,"./lib/geojson":258,"./lib/intersecter":259,"./lib/segment-chainer":261,"./lib/segment-selector":262}],256:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(){var t,e=0,r=!1;function n(e,r){return t.list.push({type:e,data:r?JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(r)):void 0}),t}return t={list:[],segmentId:function(){return e++},checkIntersection:function(t,e){return n("check",{seg1:t,seg2:e})},segmentChop:function(t,e){return n("div_seg",{seg:t,pt:e}),n("chop",{seg:t,pt:e})},statusRemove:function(t){return n("pop_seg",{seg:t})},segmentUpdate:function(t){return n("seg_update",{seg:t})},segmentNew:function(t,e){return n("new_seg",{seg:t,primary:e})},segmentRemove:function(t){return n("rem_seg",{seg:t})},tempStatus:function(t,e,r){return n("temp_status",{seg:t,above:e,below:r})},rewind:function(t){return n("rewind",{seg:t})},status:function(t,e,r){return n("status",{seg:t,above:e,below:r})},vert:function(e){return e===r?t:(r=e,n("vert",{x:e}))},log:function(t){return"string"!=typeof t&&(t=JSON.stringify(t,!1," ")),n("log",{txt:t})},reset:function(){return n("reset")},selected:function(t){return n("selected",{segs:t})},chainStart:function(t){return n("chain_start",{seg:t})},chainRemoveHead:function(t,e){return n("chain_rem_head",{index:t,pt:e})},chainRemoveTail:function(t,e){return n("chain_rem_tail",{index:t,pt:e})},chainNew:function(t,e){return n("chain_new",{pt1:t,pt2:e})},chainMatch:function(t){return n("chain_match",{index:t})},chainClose:function(t){return n("chain_close",{index:t})},chainAddHead:function(t,e){return n("chain_add_head",{index:t,pt:e})},chainAddTail:function(t,e){return n("chain_add_tail",{index:t,pt:e})},chainConnect:function(t,e){return n("chain_con",{index1:t,index2:e})},chainReverse:function(t){return n("chain_rev",{index:t})},chainJoin:function(t,e){return n("chain_join",{index1:t,index2:e})},done:function(){return n("done")}}}},{}],257:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t){"number"!=typeof t&&(t=1e-10);var e={epsilon:function(e){return"number"==typeof e&&(t=e),t},pointAboveOrOnLine:function(e,r,n){var i=r[0],a=r[1],o=n[0],s=n[1],l=e[0];return(o-i)*(e[1]-a)-(s-a)*(l-i)>=-t},pointBetween:function(e,r,n){var i=e[1]-r[1],a=n[0]-r[0],o=e[0]-r[0],s=n[1]-r[1],l=o*a+i*s;return!(l<t)&&!(l-(a*a+s*s)>-t)},pointsSameX:function(e,r){return Math.abs(e[0]-r[0])<t},pointsSameY:function(e,r){return Math.abs(e[1]-r[1])<t},pointsSame:function(t,r){return e.pointsSameX(t,r)&&e.pointsSameY(t,r)},pointsCompare:function(t,r){return e.pointsSameX(t,r)?e.pointsSameY(t,r)?0:t[1]<r[1]?-1:1:t[0]<r[0]?-1:1},pointsCollinear:function(e,r,n){var i=e[0]-r[0],a=e[1]-r[1],o=r[0]-n[0],s=r[1]-n[1];return Math.abs(i*s-o*a)<t},linesIntersect:function(e,r,n,i){var a=r[0]-e[0],o=r[1]-e[1],s=i[0]-n[0],l=i[1]-n[1],c=a*l-o*s;if(Math.abs(c)<t)return!1;var u=e[0]-n[0],f=e[1]-n[1],h=(s*f-l*u)/c,p=(a*f-o*u)/c,d={alongA:0,alongB:0,pt:[e[0]+h*a,e[1]+h*o]};return d.alongA=h<=-t?-2:h<t?-1:h-1<=-t?0:h-1<t?1:2,d.alongB=p<=-t?-2:p<t?-1:p-1<=-t?0:p-1<t?1:2,d},pointInsideRegion:function(e,r){for(var n=e[0],i=e[1],a=r[r.length-1][0],o=r[r.length-1][1],s=!1,l=0;l<r.length;l++){var c=r[l][0],u=r[l][1];u-i>t!=o-i>t&&(a-c)*(i-u)/(o-u)+c-n>t&&(s=!s),a=c,o=u}return s}};return e}},{}],258:[function(t,e,r){var n={toPolygon:function(t,e){function r(e){if(e.length<=0)return t.segments({inverted:!1,regions:[]});function r(e){var r=e.slice(0,e.length-1);return t.segments({inverted:!1,regions:[r]})}for(var n=r(e[0]),i=1;i<e.length;i++)n=t.selectDifference(t.combine(n,r(e[i])));return n}if("Polygon"===e.type)return t.polygon(r(e.coordinates));if("MultiPolygon"===e.type){for(var n=t.segments({inverted:!1,regions:[]}),i=0;i<e.coordinates.length;i++)n=t.selectUnion(t.combine(n,r(e.coordinates[i])));return t.polygon(n)}throw new Error("PolyBool: Cannot convert GeoJSON object to PolyBool polygon")},fromPolygon:function(t,e,r){function n(t,r){return e.pointInsideRegion([.5*(t[0][0]+t[1][0]),.5*(t[0][1]+t[1][1])],r)}function i(t){return{region:t,children:[]}}r=t.polygon(t.segments(r));var a=i(null);function o(t,e){for(var r=0;r<t.children.length;r++){if(n(e,(s=t.children[r]).region))return void o(s,e)}var a=i(e);for(r=0;r<t.children.length;r++){var s;n((s=t.children[r]).region,e)&&(a.children.push(s),t.children.splice(r,1),r--)}t.children.push(a)}for(var s=0;s<r.regions.length;s++){var l=r.regions[s];l.length<3||o(a,l)}function c(t,e){for(var r=0,n=t[t.length-1][0],i=t[t.length-1][1],a=[],o=0;o<t.length;o++){var s=t[o][0],l=t[o][1];a.push([s,l]),r+=l*n-s*i,n=s,i=l}return r<0!==e&&a.reverse(),a.push([a[0][0],a[0][1]]),a}var u=[];function f(t){var e=[c(t.region,!1)];u.push(e);for(var r=0;r<t.children.length;r++)e.push(h(t.children[r]))}function h(t){for(var e=0;e<t.children.length;e++)f(t.children[e]);return c(t.region,!0)}for(s=0;s<a.children.length;s++)f(a.children[s]);return u.length<=0?{type:"Polygon",coordinates:[]}:1==u.length?{type:"Polygon",coordinates:u[0]}:{type:"MultiPolygon",coordinates:u}}};e.exports=n},{}],259:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("./linked-list");e.exports=function(t,e,r){function i(t,e,n){return{id:r?r.segmentId():-1,start:t,end:e,myFill:{above:n.myFill.above,below:n.myFill.below},otherFill:null}}var a=n.create();function o(t,r){a.insertBefore(t,(function(n){return function(t,r,n,i,a,o){var s=e.pointsCompare(r,a);return 0!==s?s:e.pointsSame(n,o)?0:t!==i?t?1:-1:e.pointAboveOrOnLine(n,i?a:o,i?o:a)?1:-1}(t.isStart,t.pt,r,n.isStart,n.pt,n.other.pt)<0}))}function s(t,e){var r=function(t,e){var r=n.node({isStart:!0,pt:t.start,seg:t,primary:e,other:null,status:null});return o(r,t.end),r}(t,e);return function(t,e,r){var i=n.node({isStart:!1,pt:e.end,seg:e,primary:r,other:t,status:null});t.other=i,o(i,t.pt)}(r,t,e),r}function l(t,e){var n=i(e,t.seg.end,t.seg);return function(t,e){r&&r.segmentChop(t.seg,e),t.other.remove(),t.seg.end=e,t.other.pt=e,o(t.other,t.pt)}(t,e),s(n,t.primary)}function c(i,o){var s=n.create();function c(t){return s.findTransition((function(r){var n,i,a,o,s,l;return(n=t,i=r.ev,a=n.seg.start,o=n.seg.end,s=i.seg.start,l=i.seg.end,e.pointsCollinear(a,s,l)?e.pointsCollinear(o,s,l)||e.pointAboveOrOnLine(o,s,l)?1:-1:e.pointAboveOrOnLine(a,s,l)?1:-1)>0}))}function u(t,n){var i=t.seg,a=n.seg,o=i.start,s=i.end,c=a.start,u=a.end;r&&r.checkIntersection(i,a);var f=e.linesIntersect(o,s,c,u);if(!1===f){if(!e.pointsCollinear(o,s,c))return!1;if(e.pointsSame(o,u)||e.pointsSame(s,c))return!1;var h=e.pointsSame(o,c),p=e.pointsSame(s,u);if(h&&p)return n;var d=!h&&e.pointBetween(o,c,u),m=!p&&e.pointBetween(s,c,u);if(h)return m?l(n,s):l(t,u),n;d&&(p||(m?l(n,s):l(t,u)),l(n,o))}else 0===f.alongA&&(-1===f.alongB?l(t,c):0===f.alongB?l(t,f.pt):1===f.alongB&&l(t,u)),0===f.alongB&&(-1===f.alongA?l(n,o):0===f.alongA?l(n,f.pt):1===f.alongA&&l(n,s));return!1}for(var f=[];!a.isEmpty();){var h=a.getHead();if(r&&r.vert(h.pt[0]),h.isStart){r&&r.segmentNew(h.seg,h.primary);var p=c(h),d=p.before?p.before.ev:null,m=p.after?p.after.ev:null;function g(){if(d){var t=u(h,d);if(t)return t}return!!m&&u(h,m)}r&&r.tempStatus(h.seg,!!d&&d.seg,!!m&&m.seg);var v,y=g();if(y){var x;if(t)(x=null===h.seg.myFill.below||h.seg.myFill.above!==h.seg.myFill.below)&&(y.seg.myFill.above=!y.seg.myFill.above);else y.seg.otherFill=h.seg.myFill;r&&r.segmentUpdate(y.seg),h.other.remove(),h.remove()}if(a.getHead()!==h){r&&r.rewind(h.seg);continue}if(t)x=null===h.seg.myFill.below||h.seg.myFill.above!==h.seg.myFill.below,h.seg.myFill.below=m?m.seg.myFill.above:i,h.seg.myFill.above=x?!h.seg.myFill.below:h.seg.myFill.below;else if(null===h.seg.otherFill)v=m?h.primary===m.primary?m.seg.otherFill.above:m.seg.myFill.above:h.primary?o:i,h.seg.otherFill={above:v,below:v};r&&r.status(h.seg,!!d&&d.seg,!!m&&m.seg),h.other.status=p.insert(n.node({ev:h}))}else{var b=h.status;if(null===b)throw new Error("PolyBool: Zero-length segment detected; your epsilon is probably too small or too large");if(s.exists(b.prev)&&s.exists(b.next)&&u(b.prev.ev,b.next.ev),r&&r.statusRemove(b.ev.seg),b.remove(),!h.primary){var _=h.seg.myFill;h.seg.myFill=h.seg.otherFill,h.seg.otherFill=_}f.push(h.seg)}a.getHead().remove()}return r&&r.done(),f}return t?{addRegion:function(t){for(var n,i,a,o=t[t.length-1],l=0;l<t.length;l++){n=o,o=t[l];var c=e.pointsCompare(n,o);0!==c&&s((i=c<0?n:o,a=c<0?o:n,{id:r?r.segmentId():-1,start:i,end:a,myFill:{above:null,below:null},otherFill:null}),!0)}},calculate:function(t){return c(t,!1)}}:{calculate:function(t,e,r,n){return t.forEach((function(t){s(i(t.start,t.end,t),!0)})),r.forEach((function(t){s(i(t.start,t.end,t),!1)})),c(e,n)}}}},{"./linked-list":260}],260:[function(t,e,r){e.exports={create:function(){var t={root:{root:!0,next:null},exists:function(e){return null!==e&&e!==t.root},isEmpty:function(){return null===t.root.next},getHead:function(){return t.root.next},insertBefore:function(e,r){for(var n=t.root,i=t.root.next;null!==i;){if(r(i))return e.prev=i.prev,e.next=i,i.prev.next=e,void(i.prev=e);n=i,i=i.next}n.next=e,e.prev=n,e.next=null},findTransition:function(e){for(var r=t.root,n=t.root.next;null!==n&&!e(n);)r=n,n=n.next;return{before:r===t.root?null:r,after:n,insert:function(t){return t.prev=r,t.next=n,r.next=t,null!==n&&(n.prev=t),t}}}};return t},node:function(t){return t.prev=null,t.next=null,t.remove=function(){t.prev.next=t.next,t.next&&(t.next.prev=t.prev),t.prev=null,t.next=null},t}}},{}],261:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=[],i=[];return t.forEach((function(t){var a=t.start,o=t.end;if(e.pointsSame(a,o))console.warn("PolyBool: Warning: Zero-length segment detected; your epsilon is probably too small or too large");else{r&&r.chainStart(t);for(var s={index:0,matches_head:!1,matches_pt1:!1},l={index:0,matches_head:!1,matches_pt1:!1},c=s,u=0;u<n.length;u++){var f=(g=n[u])[0],h=(g[1],g[g.length-1]);g[g.length-2];if(e.pointsSame(f,a)){if(k(u,!0,!0))break}else if(e.pointsSame(f,o)){if(k(u,!0,!1))break}else if(e.pointsSame(h,a)){if(k(u,!1,!0))break}else if(e.pointsSame(h,o)&&k(u,!1,!1))break}if(c===s)return n.push([a,o]),void(r&&r.chainNew(a,o));if(c===l){r&&r.chainMatch(s.index);var p=s.index,d=s.matches_pt1?o:a,m=s.matches_head,g=n[p],v=m?g[0]:g[g.length-1],y=m?g[1]:g[g.length-2],x=m?g[g.length-1]:g[0],b=m?g[g.length-2]:g[1];return e.pointsCollinear(y,v,d)&&(m?(r&&r.chainRemoveHead(s.index,d),g.shift()):(r&&r.chainRemoveTail(s.index,d),g.pop()),v=y),e.pointsSame(x,d)?(n.splice(p,1),e.pointsCollinear(b,x,v)&&(m?(r&&r.chainRemoveTail(s.index,v),g.pop()):(r&&r.chainRemoveHead(s.index,v),g.shift())),r&&r.chainClose(s.index),void i.push(g)):void(m?(r&&r.chainAddHead(s.index,d),g.unshift(d)):(r&&r.chainAddTail(s.index,d),g.push(d)))}var _=s.index,w=l.index;r&&r.chainConnect(_,w);var T=n[_].length<n[w].length;s.matches_head?l.matches_head?T?(A(_),M(_,w)):(A(w),M(w,_)):M(w,_):l.matches_head?M(_,w):T?(A(_),M(w,_)):(A(w),M(_,w))}function k(t,e,r){return c.index=t,c.matches_head=e,c.matches_pt1=r,c===s?(c=l,!1):(c=null,!0)}function A(t){r&&r.chainReverse(t),n[t].reverse()}function M(t,i){var a=n[t],o=n[i],s=a[a.length-1],l=a[a.length-2],c=o[0],u=o[1];e.pointsCollinear(l,s,c)&&(r&&r.chainRemoveTail(t,s),a.pop(),s=l),e.pointsCollinear(s,c,u)&&(r&&r.chainRemoveHead(i,c),o.shift()),r&&r.chainJoin(t,i),n[t]=a.concat(o),n.splice(i,1)}})),i}},{}],262:[function(t,e,r){function n(t,e,r){var n=[];return t.forEach((function(t){var i=(t.myFill.above?8:0)+(t.myFill.below?4:0)+(t.otherFill&&t.otherFill.above?2:0)+(t.otherFill&&t.otherFill.below?1:0);0!==e[i]&&n.push({id:r?r.segmentId():-1,start:t.start,end:t.end,myFill:{above:1===e[i],below:2===e[i]},otherFill:null})})),r&&r.selected(n),n}var i={union:function(t,e){return n(t,[0,2,1,0,2,2,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0],e)},intersect:function(t,e){return n(t,[0,0,0,0,0,2,0,2,0,0,1,1,0,2,1,0],e)},difference:function(t,e){return n(t,[0,0,0,0,2,0,2,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,2,0],e)},differenceRev:function(t,e){return n(t,[0,2,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,2,0,2,0,0,0,0],e)},xor:function(t,e){return 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t[e+3]|t[e+2]<<8|t[e+1]<<16|16777216*t[e]},o.prototype=Object.create(Error.prototype),o.prototype.constructor=o,r.ProbeError=o},{stream:286,"stream-parser":302}],264:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";function n(t,e){var r=new Error(t);return r.code=e,r}function i(t){try{return decodeURIComponent(escape(t))}catch(e){return t}}function a(t,e,r){this.input=t.subarray(e,r),this.start=e;var i=String.fromCharCode.apply(null,this.input.subarray(0,4));if("II*\0"!==i&&"MM\0*"!==i)throw n("invalid TIFF signature","EBADDATA");this.big_endian="M"===i[0]}a.prototype.each=function(t){this.aborted=!1;var e=this.read_uint32(4);for(this.ifds_to_read=[{id:0,offset:e}];this.ifds_to_read.length>0&&!this.aborted;){var r=this.ifds_to_read.shift();r.offset&&this.scan_ifd(r.id,r.offset,t)}},a.prototype.read_uint16=function(t){var e=this.input;if(t+2>e.length)throw n("unexpected EOF","EBADDATA");return this.big_endian?256*e[t]+e[t+1]:e[t]+256*e[t+1]},a.prototype.read_uint32=function(t){var e=this.input;if(t+4>e.length)throw n("unexpected EOF","EBADDATA");return this.big_endian?16777216*e[t]+65536*e[t+1]+256*e[t+2]+e[t+3]:e[t]+256*e[t+1]+65536*e[t+2]+16777216*e[t+3]},a.prototype.is_subifd_link=function(t,e){return 0===t&&34665===e||0===t&&34853===e||34665===t&&40965===e},a.prototype.exif_format_length=function(t){switch(t){case 1:case 2:case 6:case 7:return 1;case 3:case 8:return 2;case 4:case 9:case 11:return 4;case 5:case 10:case 12:return 8;default:return 0}},a.prototype.exif_format_read=function(t,e){var r;switch(t){case 1:case 2:return r=this.input[e];case 6:return(r=this.input[e])|33554430*(128&r);case 3:return r=this.read_uint16(e);case 8:return(r=this.read_uint16(e))|131070*(32768&r);case 4:return r=this.read_uint32(e);case 9:return 0|(r=this.read_uint32(e));case 5:case 10:case 11:case 12:case 7:default:return null}},a.prototype.scan_ifd=function(t,e,r){var a=this.read_uint16(e);e+=2;for(var o=0;o<a;o++){var s=this.read_uint16(e),l=this.read_uint16(e+2),c=this.read_uint32(e+4),u=this.exif_format_length(l),f=c*u,h=f<=4?e+8:this.read_uint32(e+8),p=!1;if(h+f>this.input.length)throw n("unexpected EOF","EBADDATA");for(var d=[],m=h,g=0;g<c;g++,m+=u){var v=this.exif_format_read(l,m);if(null===v){d=null;break}d.push(v)}if(Array.isArray(d)&&2===l&&(d=i(String.fromCharCode.apply(null,d)))&&"\0"===d[d.length-1]&&(d=d.slice(0,-1)),this.is_subifd_link(t,s)&&Array.isArray(d)&&Number.isInteger(d[0])&&d[0]>0&&(this.ifds_to_read.push({id:s,offset:d[0]}),p=!0),!1===r({is_big_endian:this.big_endian,ifd:t,tag:s,format:l,count:c,entry_offset:e+this.start,data_length:f,data_offset:h+this.start,value:d,is_subifd_link:p}))return void(this.aborted=!0);e+=12}0===t&&this.ifds_to_read.push({id:1,offset:this.read_uint32(e)})},e.exports.ExifParser=a,e.exports.get_orientation=function(t){var e=0;try{return new a(t,0,t.length).each((function(t){if(0===t.ifd&&274===t.tag&&Array.isArray(t.value))return e=t.value[0],!1})),e}catch(t){return-1}}},{}],265:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("./common").readUInt16BE,i=t("./common").readUInt32BE;function a(t,e){if(t.length<4+e)return null;var r=i(t,e);return t.length<r+e||r<8?null:{boxtype:String.fromCharCode.apply(null,t.slice(e+4,e+8)),data:t.slice(e+8,e+r),end:e+r}}function o(t,e){for(var r=0;;){var n=a(t,r);if(!n)break;switch(n.boxtype){case"ispe":e.sizes.push({width:i(n.data,4),height:i(n.data,8)});break;case"irot":e.transforms.push({type:"irot",value:3&n.data[0]});break;case"imir":e.transforms.push({type:"imir",value:1&n.data[0]})}r=n.end}}function s(t,e,r){for(var n=0,i=0;i<r;i++)n=256*n+(t[e+i]||0);return n}function l(t,e){for(var r=t[4]>>4&15,i=15&t[4],a=t[5]>>4&15,o=n(t,6),l=8,c=0;c<o;c++){var u=n(t,l),f=n(t,l+=2),h=s(t,l+=2,a),p=n(t,l+=a);if(l+=2,0===f&&1===p){var d=s(t,l,r),m=s(t,l+r,i);e.item_loc[u]={length:m,offset:d+h}}l+=p*(r+i)}}function c(t,e){for(var r=n(t,4),i=6,o=0;o<r;o++){var s=a(t,i);if(!s)break;if("infe"===s.boxtype){for(var l=n(s.data,4),c="",u=8;u<s.data.length&&s.data[u];u++)c+=String.fromCharCode(s.data[u]);e.item_inf[c]=l}i=s.end}}function u(t,e){for(var r=0;;){var n=a(t,r);if(!n)break;"ipco"===n.boxtype&&o(n.data,e),r=n.end}}e.exports.unbox=a,e.exports.readSizeFromMeta=function(t){var e={sizes:[],transforms:[],item_inf:{},item_loc:{}};if(function(t,e){for(var r=4;;){var n=a(t,r);if(!n)break;"iprp"===n.boxtype&&u(n.data,e),"iloc"===n.boxtype&&l(n.data,e),"iinf"===n.boxtype&&c(n.data,e),r=n.end}}(t,e),e.sizes.length){var r,n,i,o=(r=e.sizes,n=r.reduce((function(t,e){return t.width>e.width||t.width===e.width&&t.height>e.height?t:e})),i=r.reduce((function(t,e){return t.height>e.height||t.height===e.height&&t.width>e.width?t:e})),n.width>i.height||n.width===i.height&&n.height>i.width?n:i),s=1;e.transforms.forEach((function(t){var e={1:6,2:5,3:8,4:7,5:4,6:3,7:2,8:1},r={1:4,2:3,3:2,4:1,5:6,6:5,7:8,8:7};if("imir"===t.type&&(s=0===t.value?r[s]:e[s=e[s=r[s]]]),"irot"===t.type)for(var n=0;n<t.value;n++)s=e[s]}));var f=null;return e.item_inf.Exif&&(f=e.item_loc[e.item_inf.Exif]),{width:o.width,height:o.height,orientation:e.transforms.length?s:null,variants:e.sizes,exif_location:f}}},e.exports.getMimeType=function(t){var e=String.fromCharCode.apply(null,t.slice(0,4)),r={};r[e]=!0;for(var n=8;n<t.length;n+=4)r[String.fromCharCode.apply(null,t.slice(n,n+4))]=!0;if(r.mif1||r.msf1||r.miaf)return"avif"===e||"avis"===e||"avio"===e?{type:"avif",mime:"image/avif"}:"heic"===e||"heix"===e?{type:"heic",mime:"image/heic"}:"hevc"===e||"hevx"===e?{type:"heic",mime:"image/heic-sequence"}:r.avif||r.avis?{type:"avif",mime:"image/avif"}:r.heic||r.heix||r.hevc||r.hevx||r.heis?r.msf1?{type:"heif",mime:"image/heif-sequence"}:{type:"heif",mime:"image/heif"}:{type:"avif",mime:"image/avif"}}},{"./common":263}],266:[function(t,e,r){"use 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n=t("../common").str2arr,i=t("../common").sliceEq,a=t("../common").readUInt16LE,o=n("BM");e.exports=function(t){if(!(t.length<26)&&i(t,0,o))return{width:a(t,18),height:a(t,22),type:"bmp",mime:"image/bmp",wUnits:"px",hUnits:"px"}}},{"../common":263}],268:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../common").str2arr,i=t("../common").sliceEq,a=t("../common").readUInt16LE,o=n("GIF87a"),s=n("GIF89a");e.exports=function(t){if(!(t.length<10)&&(i(t,0,o)||i(t,0,s)))return{width:a(t,6),height:a(t,8),type:"gif",mime:"image/gif",wUnits:"px",hUnits:"px"}}},{"../common":263}],269:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../common").readUInt16LE;e.exports=function(t){var e=n(t,0),r=n(t,2),i=n(t,4);if(0===e&&1===r&&i){for(var a=[],o={width:0,height:0},s=0;s<i;s++){var l=t[6+16*s]||256,c=t[6+16*s+1]||256,u={width:l,height:c};a.push(u),(l>o.width||c>o.height)&&(o=u)}return{width:o.width,height:o.height,variants:a,type:"ico",mime:"image/x-icon",wUnits:"px",hUnits:"px"}}}},{"../common":263}],270:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../common").readUInt16BE,i=t("../common").str2arr,a=t("../common").sliceEq,o=t("../exif_utils"),s=i("Exif\0\0");e.exports=function(t){if(!(t.length<2)&&255===t[0]&&216===t[1]&&255===t[2])for(var e=2;;){for(;;){if(t.length-e<2)return;if(255===t[e++])break}for(var r,i,l=t[e++];255===l;)l=t[e++];if(208<=l&&l<=217||1===l)r=0;else{if(!(192<=l&&l<=254))return;if(t.length-e<2)return;r=n(t,e)-2,e+=2}if(217===l||218===l)return;if(225===l&&r>=10&&a(t,e,s)&&(i=o.get_orientation(t.slice(e+6,e+r))),r>=5&&192<=l&&l<=207&&196!==l&&200!==l&&204!==l){if(t.length-e<r)return;var c={width:n(t,e+3),height:n(t,e+1),type:"jpg",mime:"image/jpeg",wUnits:"px",hUnits:"px"};return i>0&&(c.orientation=i),c}e+=r}}},{"../common":263,"../exif_utils":264}],271:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../common").str2arr,i=t("../common").sliceEq,a=t("../common").readUInt32BE,o=n("\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n"),s=n("IHDR");e.exports=function(t){if(!(t.length<24)&&i(t,0,o)&&i(t,12,s))return{width:a(t,16),height:a(t,20),type:"png",mime:"image/png",wUnits:"px",hUnits:"px"}}},{"../common":263}],272:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../common").str2arr,i=t("../common").sliceEq,a=t("../common").readUInt32BE,o=n("8BPS\0\x01");e.exports=function(t){if(!(t.length<22)&&i(t,0,o))return{width:a(t,18),height:a(t,14),type:"psd",mime:"image/vnd.adobe.photoshop",wUnits:"px",hUnits:"px"}}},{"../common":263}],273:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";function n(t){return"number"==typeof t&&isFinite(t)&&t>0}var i=/<[-_.:a-zA-Z0-9][^>]*>/,a=/^<([-_.:a-zA-Z0-9]+:)?svg\s/,o=/[^-]\bwidth="([^%]+?)"|[^-]\bwidth='([^%]+?)'/,s=/\bheight="([^%]+?)"|\bheight='([^%]+?)'/,l=/\bview[bB]ox="(.+?)"|\bview[bB]ox='(.+?)'/,c=/in$|mm$|cm$|pt$|pc$|px$|em$|ex$/;function u(t){return c.test(t)?t.match(c)[0]:"px"}e.exports=function(t){if(function(t){var e,r=0,n=t.length;for(239===t[0]&&187===t[1]&&191===t[2]&&(r=3);r<n&&(32===(e=t[r])||9===e||13===e||10===e);)r++;return r!==n&&60===t[r]}(t)){for(var e="",r=0;r<t.length;r++)e+=String.fromCharCode(t[r]);var c=(e.match(i)||[""])[0];if(a.test(c)){var f=function(t){var e=t.match(o),r=t.match(s),n=t.match(l);return{width:e&&(e[1]||e[2]),height:r&&(r[1]||r[2]),viewbox:n&&(n[1]||n[2])}}(c),h=parseFloat(f.width),p=parseFloat(f.height);if(f.width&&f.height){if(!n(h)||!n(p))return;return{width:h,height:p,type:"svg",mime:"image/svg+xml",wUnits:u(f.width),hUnits:u(f.height)}}var d=(f.viewbox||"").split(" 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e=77===t[0],r=h(t,4,e)-8;if(!(r<0)){var n=r+8;if(!(t.length-n<2)){var a=12*f(t,n+0,e);if(!(a<=0||(n+=2,t.length-n<a))){var o,s,l,d;for(o=0;o<a;o+=12)256===(d=f(t,n+o,e))?s=p(t,n+o,e):257===d&&(l=p(t,n+o,e));return s&&l?{width:s,height:l,type:"tiff",mime:"image/tiff",wUnits:"px",hUnits:"px"}:void 0}}}}}},{"../common":263}],275:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../common").str2arr,i=t("../common").sliceEq,a=t("../common").readUInt16LE,o=t("../common").readUInt32LE,s=t("../exif_utils"),l=n("RIFF"),c=n("WEBP");function u(t,e){if(157===t[e+3]&&1===t[e+4]&&42===t[e+5])return{width:16383&a(t,e+6),height:16383&a(t,e+8),type:"webp",mime:"image/webp",wUnits:"px",hUnits:"px"}}function f(t,e){if(47===t[e]){var r=o(t,e+1);return{width:1+(16383&r),height:1+(r>>14&16383),type:"webp",mime:"image/webp",wUnits:"px",hUnits:"px"}}}function h(t,e){return{width:1+(t[e+6]<<16|t[e+5]<<8|t[e+4]),height:1+(t[e+9]<<e|t[e+8]<<8|t[e+7]),type:"webp",mime:"image/webp",wUnits:"px",hUnits:"px"}}e.exports=function(t){if(!(t.length<16)&&(i(t,0,l)||i(t,8,c))){var e=12,r=null,n=0,a=o(t,4)+8;if(!(a>t.length)){for(;e+8<a;)if(0!==t[e]){var p=String.fromCharCode.apply(null,t.slice(e,e+4)),d=o(t,e+4);"VP8 "===p&&d>=10?r=r||u(t,e+8):"VP8L"===p&&d>=9?r=r||f(t,e+8):"VP8X"===p&&d>=10?r=r||h(t,e+8):"EXIF"===p&&(n=s.get_orientation(t.slice(e+8,e+8+d)),e=1/0),e+=8+d}else e++;if(r)return n>0&&(r.orientation=n),r}}}},{"../common":263,"../exif_utils":264}],276:[function(t,e,r){"use 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lineWidth * lineOffset + (capSize + lineWidth) * capOffset;\n\n\t\t\tvec2 dxy = -step(.5, direction.xy) * error.xz + step(direction.xy, vec2(-.5)) * error.yw;\n\n\t\t\tvec2 position = position + dxy;\n\n\t\t\tvec2 pos = (position + translate) * scale\n\t\t\t\t+ (positionFract + translateFract) * scale\n\t\t\t\t+ (position + translate) * scaleFract\n\t\t\t\t+ (positionFract + translateFract) * scaleFract;\n\n\t\t\tpos += pixelOffset / viewport.zw;\n\n\t\t\tgl_Position = vec4(pos * 2. - 1., 0, 1);\n\t\t}\n\t\t",frag:"\n\t\tprecision highp float;\n\n\t\tvarying vec4 fragColor;\n\n\t\tuniform float opacity;\n\n\t\tvoid main() {\n\t\t\tgl_FragColor = fragColor;\n\t\t\tgl_FragColor.a *= opacity;\n\t\t}\n\t\t",uniforms:{range:t.prop("range"),lineWidth:t.prop("lineWidth"),capSize:t.prop("capSize"),opacity:t.prop("opacity"),scale:t.prop("scale"),translate:t.prop("translate"),scaleFract:t.prop("scaleFract"),translateFract:t.prop("translateFract"),viewport:function(t,e){return[e.viewport.x,e.viewport.y,t.viewportWidth,t.viewportHeight]}},attributes:{color:{buffer:d,offset:function(t,e){return 4*e.offset},divisor:1},position:{buffer:c,offset:function(t,e){return 8*e.offset},divisor:1},positionFract:{buffer:p,offset:function(t,e){return 8*e.offset},divisor:1},error:{buffer:m,offset:function(t,e){return 16*e.offset},divisor:1},direction:{buffer:g,stride:24,offset:0},lineOffset:{buffer:g,stride:24,offset:8},capOffset:{buffer:g,stride:24,offset:16}},primitive:"triangles",blend:{enable:!0,color:[0,0,0,0],equation:{rgb:"add",alpha:"add"},func:{srcRGB:"src alpha",dstRGB:"one minus src alpha",srcAlpha:"one minus dst 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t||(t=n),e.scale=[1/(t[2]-t[0]),1/(t[3]-t[1])],e.translate=[-t[0],-t[1]],e.scaleFract=f(e.scale),e.translateFract=f(e.translate),t},viewport:function(t){var e;return Array.isArray(t)?e={x:t[0],y:t[1],width:t[2]-t[0],height:t[3]-t[1]}:t?(e={x:t.x||t.left||0,y:t.y||t.top||0},t.right?e.width=t.right-e.x:e.width=t.w||t.width||0,t.bottom?e.height=t.bottom-e.y:e.height=t.h||t.height||0):e={x:0,y:0,width:v.drawingBufferWidth,height:v.drawingBufferHeight},e}}]),u):u})),e||r){var h=x.reduce((function(t,e,r){return t+(e?e.count:0)}),0),g=new Float64Array(2*h),_=new Uint8Array(4*h),w=new Float32Array(4*h);x.forEach((function(t,e){if(t){var r=t.positions,n=t.count,i=t.offset,a=t.color,o=t.errors;n&&(_.set(a,4*i),w.set(o,4*i),g.set(r,2*i))}}));var T=u(g);c(T);var k=f(g,T);p(k),d(_),m(w)}}}function k(){c.destroy(),p.destroy(),d.destroy(),m.destroy(),g.destroy()}};var h=[[1,0,0,1,0,0],[1,0,0,-1,0,0],[-1,0,0,-1,0,0],[-1,0,0,-1,0,0],[-1,0,0,1,0,0],[1,0,0,1,0,0],[1,0,-1,0,0,1],[1,0,-1,0,0,-1],[1,0,1,0,0,-1],[1,0,1,0,0,-1],[1,0,1,0,0,1],[1,0,-1,0,0,1],[-1,0,-1,0,0,1],[-1,0,-1,0,0,-1],[-1,0,1,0,0,-1],[-1,0,1,0,0,-1],[-1,0,1,0,0,1],[-1,0,-1,0,0,1],[0,1,1,0,0,0],[0,1,-1,0,0,0],[0,-1,-1,0,0,0],[0,-1,-1,0,0,0],[0,1,1,0,0,0],[0,-1,1,0,0,0],[0,1,0,-1,1,0],[0,1,0,-1,-1,0],[0,1,0,1,-1,0],[0,1,0,1,1,0],[0,1,0,-1,1,0],[0,1,0,1,-1,0],[0,-1,0,-1,1,0],[0,-1,0,-1,-1,0],[0,-1,0,1,-1,0],[0,-1,0,1,1,0],[0,-1,0,-1,1,0],[0,-1,0,1,-1,0]]},{"array-bounds":71,"color-normalize":89,"flatten-vertex-data":191,"object-assign":247,"pick-by-alias":253,"to-float32":314,"update-diff":330}],281:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("color-normalize"),i=t("array-bounds"),a=t("object-assign"),o=t("glslify"),s=t("pick-by-alias"),l=t("flatten-vertex-data"),c=t("earcut"),u=t("array-normalize"),f=t("to-float32"),h=f.float32,p=f.fract32,d=t("es6-weak-map"),m=t("parse-rect"),g=t("array-find-index");function v(t,e){if(!(this instanceof v))return new v(t,e);if("function"==typeof t?(e||(e={}),e.regl=t):e=t,e.length&&(e.positions=e),!(t=e.regl).hasExtension("ANGLE_instanced_arrays"))throw Error("regl-error2d: `ANGLE_instanced_arrays` extension should be enabled");this.gl=t._gl,this.regl=t,this.passes=[],this.shaders=v.shaders.has(t)?v.shaders.get(t):v.shaders.set(t,v.createShaders(t)).get(t),this.update(e)}e.exports=v,v.dashMult=2,v.maxPatternLength=256,v.precisionThreshold=3e6,v.maxPoints=1e4,v.maxLines=2048,v.shaders=new d,v.createShaders=function(t){var e,r=t.buffer({usage:"static",type:"float",data:[0,1,0,0,1,1,1,0]}),n={primitive:"triangle strip",instances:t.prop("count"),count:4,offset:0,uniforms:{miterMode:function(t,e){return"round"===e.join?2:1},miterLimit:t.prop("miterLimit"),scale:t.prop("scale"),scaleFract:t.prop("scaleFract"),translateFract:t.prop("translateFract"),translate:t.prop("translate"),thickness:t.prop("thickness"),dashTexture:t.prop("dashTexture"),opacity:t.prop("opacity"),pixelRatio:t.context("pixelRatio"),id:t.prop("id"),dashLength:t.prop("dashLength"),viewport:function(t,e){return[e.viewport.x,e.viewport.y,t.viewportWidth,t.viewportHeight]},depth:t.prop("depth")},blend:{enable:!0,color:[0,0,0,0],equation:{rgb:"add",alpha:"add"},func:{srcRGB:"src alpha",dstRGB:"one minus src alpha",srcAlpha:"one minus dst alpha",dstAlpha:"one"}},depth:{enable:function(t,e){return!e.overlay}},stencil:{enable:!1},scissor:{enable:!0,box:t.prop("viewport")},viewport:t.prop("viewport")},i=t(a({vert:o(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec2 aCoord, bCoord, aCoordFract, bCoordFract;\nattribute vec4 color;\nattribute float lineEnd, lineTop;\n\nuniform vec2 scale, scaleFract, translate, translateFract;\nuniform float thickness, pixelRatio, id, depth;\nuniform vec4 viewport;\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\nvarying vec2 tangent;\n\nvec2 project(vec2 position, vec2 positionFract, vec2 scale, vec2 scaleFract, vec2 translate, vec2 translateFract) {\n\t// the order is important\n\treturn position * scale + translate\n + positionFract * scale + translateFract\n + position * scaleFract\n + positionFract * scaleFract;\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n\tfloat lineStart = 1. - lineEnd;\n\tfloat lineOffset = lineTop * 2. - 1.;\n\n\tvec2 diff = (bCoord + bCoordFract - aCoord - aCoordFract);\n\ttangent = normalize(diff * scale * viewport.zw);\n\tvec2 normal = vec2(-tangent.y, tangent.x);\n\n\tvec2 position = project(aCoord, aCoordFract, scale, scaleFract, translate, translateFract) * lineStart\n\t\t+ project(bCoord, bCoordFract, scale, scaleFract, translate, translateFract) * lineEnd\n\n\t\t+ thickness * normal * .5 * lineOffset / viewport.zw;\n\n\tgl_Position = vec4(position * 2.0 - 1.0, depth, 1);\n\n\tfragColor = color / 255.;\n}\n"]),frag:o(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nuniform float dashLength, pixelRatio, thickness, opacity, id;\nuniform sampler2D dashTexture;\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\nvarying vec2 tangent;\n\nvoid main() {\n\tfloat alpha = 1.;\n\n\tfloat t = fract(dot(tangent, gl_FragCoord.xy) / dashLength) * .5 + .25;\n\tfloat dash = texture2D(dashTexture, vec2(t, .5)).r;\n\n\tgl_FragColor = fragColor;\n\tgl_FragColor.a *= alpha * opacity * dash;\n}\n"]),attributes:{lineEnd:{buffer:r,divisor:0,stride:8,offset:0},lineTop:{buffer:r,divisor:0,stride:8,offset:4},aCoord:{buffer:t.prop("positionBuffer"),stride:8,offset:8,divisor:1},bCoord:{buffer:t.prop("positionBuffer"),stride:8,offset:16,divisor:1},aCoordFract:{buffer:t.prop("positionFractBuffer"),stride:8,offset:8,divisor:1},bCoordFract:{buffer:t.prop("positionFractBuffer"),stride:8,offset:16,divisor:1},color:{buffer:t.prop("colorBuffer"),stride:4,offset:0,divisor:1}}},n));try{e=t(a({cull:{enable:!0,face:"back"},vert:o(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec2 aCoord, bCoord, nextCoord, prevCoord;\nattribute vec4 aColor, bColor;\nattribute float lineEnd, lineTop;\n\nuniform vec2 scale, translate;\nuniform float thickness, pixelRatio, id, depth;\nuniform vec4 viewport;\nuniform float miterLimit, miterMode;\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\nvarying vec4 startCutoff, endCutoff;\nvarying vec2 tangent;\nvarying vec2 startCoord, endCoord;\nvarying float enableStartMiter, enableEndMiter;\n\nconst float REVERSE_THRESHOLD = -.875;\nconst float MIN_DIFF = 1e-6;\n\n// TODO: possible optimizations: avoid overcalculating all for vertices and calc just one instead\n// TODO: precalculate dot products, normalize things beforehead etc.\n// TODO: refactor to rectangular algorithm\n\nfloat distToLine(vec2 p, vec2 a, vec2 b) {\n\tvec2 diff = b - a;\n\tvec2 perp = normalize(vec2(-diff.y, diff.x));\n\treturn dot(p - a, perp);\n}\n\nbool isNaN( float val ){\n return ( val < 0.0 || 0.0 < val || val == 0.0 ) ? false : true;\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n\tvec2 aCoord = aCoord, bCoord = bCoord, prevCoord = prevCoord, nextCoord = nextCoord;\n\n vec2 adjustedScale;\n adjustedScale.x = (abs(scale.x) < MIN_DIFF) ? MIN_DIFF : scale.x;\n adjustedScale.y = (abs(scale.y) < MIN_DIFF) ? MIN_DIFF : scale.y;\n\n vec2 scaleRatio = adjustedScale * viewport.zw;\n\tvec2 normalWidth = thickness / scaleRatio;\n\n\tfloat lineStart = 1. - lineEnd;\n\tfloat lineBot = 1. - lineTop;\n\n\tfragColor = (lineStart * aColor + lineEnd * bColor) / 255.;\n\n\tif (isNaN(aCoord.x) || isNaN(aCoord.y) || isNaN(bCoord.x) || isNaN(bCoord.y)) return;\n\n\tif (aCoord == prevCoord) prevCoord = aCoord + normalize(bCoord - aCoord);\n\tif (bCoord == nextCoord) nextCoord = bCoord - normalize(bCoord - aCoord);\n\n\tvec2 prevDiff = aCoord - prevCoord;\n\tvec2 currDiff = bCoord - aCoord;\n\tvec2 nextDiff = nextCoord - bCoord;\n\n\tvec2 prevTangent = normalize(prevDiff * scaleRatio);\n\tvec2 currTangent = normalize(currDiff * scaleRatio);\n\tvec2 nextTangent = normalize(nextDiff * scaleRatio);\n\n\tvec2 prevNormal = vec2(-prevTangent.y, prevTangent.x);\n\tvec2 currNormal = vec2(-currTangent.y, currTangent.x);\n\tvec2 nextNormal = vec2(-nextTangent.y, nextTangent.x);\n\n\tvec2 startJoinDirection = normalize(prevTangent - currTangent);\n\tvec2 endJoinDirection = normalize(currTangent - nextTangent);\n\n\t// collapsed/unidirectional segment cases\n\t// FIXME: there should be more elegant solution\n\tvec2 prevTanDiff = abs(prevTangent - currTangent);\n\tvec2 nextTanDiff = abs(nextTangent - currTangent);\n\tif (max(prevTanDiff.x, prevTanDiff.y) < MIN_DIFF) {\n\t\tstartJoinDirection = currNormal;\n\t}\n\tif (max(nextTanDiff.x, nextTanDiff.y) < MIN_DIFF) {\n\t\tendJoinDirection = currNormal;\n\t}\n\tif (aCoord == bCoord) {\n\t\tendJoinDirection = startJoinDirection;\n\t\tcurrNormal = prevNormal;\n\t\tcurrTangent = prevTangent;\n\t}\n\n\ttangent = currTangent;\n\n\t//calculate join shifts relative to normals\n\tfloat startJoinShift = dot(currNormal, startJoinDirection);\n\tfloat endJoinShift = dot(currNormal, endJoinDirection);\n\n\tfloat startMiterRatio = abs(1. / startJoinShift);\n\tfloat endMiterRatio = abs(1. / endJoinShift);\n\n\tvec2 startJoin = startJoinDirection * startMiterRatio;\n\tvec2 endJoin = endJoinDirection * endMiterRatio;\n\n\tvec2 startTopJoin, startBotJoin, endTopJoin, endBotJoin;\n\tstartTopJoin = sign(startJoinShift) * startJoin * .5;\n\tstartBotJoin = -startTopJoin;\n\n\tendTopJoin = sign(endJoinShift) * endJoin * .5;\n\tendBotJoin = -endTopJoin;\n\n\tvec2 aTopCoord = aCoord + normalWidth * startTopJoin;\n\tvec2 bTopCoord = bCoord + normalWidth * endTopJoin;\n\tvec2 aBotCoord = aCoord + normalWidth * startBotJoin;\n\tvec2 bBotCoord = bCoord + normalWidth * endBotJoin;\n\n\t//miter anti-clipping\n\tfloat baClipping = distToLine(bCoord, aCoord, aBotCoord) / dot(normalize(normalWidth * endBotJoin), normalize(normalWidth.yx * vec2(-startBotJoin.y, startBotJoin.x)));\n\tfloat abClipping = distToLine(aCoord, bCoord, bTopCoord) / dot(normalize(normalWidth * startBotJoin), normalize(normalWidth.yx * vec2(-endBotJoin.y, endBotJoin.x)));\n\n\t//prevent close to reverse direction switch\n\tbool prevReverse = dot(currTangent, prevTangent) <= REVERSE_THRESHOLD && abs(dot(currTangent, prevNormal)) * min(length(prevDiff), length(currDiff)) < length(normalWidth * currNormal);\n\tbool nextReverse = dot(currTangent, nextTangent) <= REVERSE_THRESHOLD && abs(dot(currTangent, nextNormal)) * min(length(nextDiff), length(currDiff)) < length(normalWidth * currNormal);\n\n\tif (prevReverse) {\n\t\t//make join rectangular\n\t\tvec2 miterShift = normalWidth * startJoinDirection * miterLimit * .5;\n\t\tfloat normalAdjust = 1. - min(miterLimit / startMiterRatio, 1.);\n\t\taBotCoord = aCoord + miterShift - normalAdjust * normalWidth * currNormal * .5;\n\t\taTopCoord = aCoord + miterShift + normalAdjust * normalWidth * currNormal * .5;\n\t}\n\telse if (!nextReverse && baClipping > 0. && baClipping < length(normalWidth * endBotJoin)) {\n\t\t//handle miter clipping\n\t\tbTopCoord -= normalWidth * endTopJoin;\n\t\tbTopCoord += normalize(endTopJoin * normalWidth) * baClipping;\n\t}\n\n\tif (nextReverse) {\n\t\t//make join rectangular\n\t\tvec2 miterShift = normalWidth * endJoinDirection * miterLimit * .5;\n\t\tfloat normalAdjust = 1. - min(miterLimit / endMiterRatio, 1.);\n\t\tbBotCoord = bCoord + miterShift - normalAdjust * normalWidth * currNormal * .5;\n\t\tbTopCoord = bCoord + miterShift + normalAdjust * normalWidth * currNormal * .5;\n\t}\n\telse if (!prevReverse && abClipping > 0. && abClipping < length(normalWidth * startBotJoin)) {\n\t\t//handle miter clipping\n\t\taBotCoord -= normalWidth * startBotJoin;\n\t\taBotCoord += normalize(startBotJoin * normalWidth) * abClipping;\n\t}\n\n\tvec2 aTopPosition = (aTopCoord) * adjustedScale + translate;\n\tvec2 aBotPosition = (aBotCoord) * adjustedScale + translate;\n\n\tvec2 bTopPosition = (bTopCoord) * adjustedScale + translate;\n\tvec2 bBotPosition = (bBotCoord) * adjustedScale + translate;\n\n\t//position is normalized 0..1 coord on the screen\n\tvec2 position = (aTopPosition * lineTop + aBotPosition * lineBot) * lineStart + (bTopPosition * lineTop + bBotPosition * lineBot) * lineEnd;\n\n\tstartCoord = aCoord * scaleRatio + translate * viewport.zw + viewport.xy;\n\tendCoord = bCoord * scaleRatio + translate * viewport.zw + viewport.xy;\n\n\tgl_Position = vec4(position * 2.0 - 1.0, depth, 1);\n\n\tenableStartMiter = step(dot(currTangent, prevTangent), .5);\n\tenableEndMiter = step(dot(currTangent, nextTangent), .5);\n\n\t//bevel miter cutoffs\n\tif (miterMode == 1.) {\n\t\tif (enableStartMiter == 1.) {\n\t\t\tvec2 startMiterWidth = vec2(startJoinDirection) * thickness * miterLimit * .5;\n\t\t\tstartCutoff = vec4(aCoord, aCoord);\n\t\t\tstartCutoff.zw += vec2(-startJoinDirection.y, startJoinDirection.x) / scaleRatio;\n\t\t\tstartCutoff = startCutoff * scaleRatio.xyxy + translate.xyxy * viewport.zwzw;\n\t\t\tstartCutoff += viewport.xyxy;\n\t\t\tstartCutoff += startMiterWidth.xyxy;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif (enableEndMiter == 1.) {\n\t\t\tvec2 endMiterWidth = vec2(endJoinDirection) * thickness * miterLimit * .5;\n\t\t\tendCutoff = vec4(bCoord, bCoord);\n\t\t\tendCutoff.zw += vec2(-endJoinDirection.y, endJoinDirection.x) / scaleRatio;\n\t\t\tendCutoff = endCutoff * scaleRatio.xyxy + translate.xyxy * viewport.zwzw;\n\t\t\tendCutoff += viewport.xyxy;\n\t\t\tendCutoff += endMiterWidth.xyxy;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\t//round miter cutoffs\n\telse if (miterMode == 2.) {\n\t\tif (enableStartMiter == 1.) {\n\t\t\tvec2 startMiterWidth = vec2(startJoinDirection) * thickness * abs(dot(startJoinDirection, currNormal)) * .5;\n\t\t\tstartCutoff = vec4(aCoord, aCoord);\n\t\t\tstartCutoff.zw += vec2(-startJoinDirection.y, startJoinDirection.x) / scaleRatio;\n\t\t\tstartCutoff = startCutoff * scaleRatio.xyxy + translate.xyxy * viewport.zwzw;\n\t\t\tstartCutoff += viewport.xyxy;\n\t\t\tstartCutoff += startMiterWidth.xyxy;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif (enableEndMiter == 1.) {\n\t\t\tvec2 endMiterWidth = vec2(endJoinDirection) * thickness * abs(dot(endJoinDirection, currNormal)) * .5;\n\t\t\tendCutoff = vec4(bCoord, bCoord);\n\t\t\tendCutoff.zw += vec2(-endJoinDirection.y, endJoinDirection.x) / scaleRatio;\n\t\t\tendCutoff = endCutoff * scaleRatio.xyxy + translate.xyxy * viewport.zwzw;\n\t\t\tendCutoff += viewport.xyxy;\n\t\t\tendCutoff += endMiterWidth.xyxy;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n}\n"]),frag:o(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nuniform float dashLength, pixelRatio, thickness, opacity, id, miterMode;\nuniform sampler2D dashTexture;\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\nvarying vec2 tangent;\nvarying vec4 startCutoff, endCutoff;\nvarying vec2 startCoord, endCoord;\nvarying float enableStartMiter, enableEndMiter;\n\nfloat distToLine(vec2 p, vec2 a, vec2 b) {\n\tvec2 diff = b - a;\n\tvec2 perp = normalize(vec2(-diff.y, diff.x));\n\treturn dot(p - a, perp);\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n\tfloat alpha = 1., distToStart, distToEnd;\n\tfloat cutoff = thickness * .5;\n\n\t//bevel miter\n\tif (miterMode == 1.) {\n\t\tif (enableStartMiter == 1.) {\n\t\t\tdistToStart = distToLine(gl_FragCoord.xy, startCutoff.xy, startCutoff.zw);\n\t\t\tif (distToStart < -1.) {\n\t\t\t\tdiscard;\n\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\talpha *= min(max(distToStart + 1., 0.), 1.);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif (enableEndMiter == 1.) {\n\t\t\tdistToEnd = distToLine(gl_FragCoord.xy, endCutoff.xy, endCutoff.zw);\n\t\t\tif (distToEnd < -1.) {\n\t\t\t\tdiscard;\n\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\talpha *= min(max(distToEnd + 1., 0.), 1.);\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\t// round miter\n\telse if (miterMode == 2.) {\n\t\tif (enableStartMiter == 1.) {\n\t\t\tdistToStart = distToLine(gl_FragCoord.xy, startCutoff.xy, startCutoff.zw);\n\t\t\tif (distToStart < 0.) {\n\t\t\t\tfloat radius = length(gl_FragCoord.xy - startCoord);\n\n\t\t\t\tif(radius > cutoff + .5) {\n\t\t\t\t\tdiscard;\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\talpha -= smoothstep(cutoff - .5, cutoff + .5, radius);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tif (enableEndMiter == 1.) {\n\t\t\tdistToEnd = distToLine(gl_FragCoord.xy, endCutoff.xy, endCutoff.zw);\n\t\t\tif (distToEnd < 0.) {\n\t\t\t\tfloat radius = length(gl_FragCoord.xy - endCoord);\n\n\t\t\t\tif(radius > cutoff + .5) {\n\t\t\t\t\tdiscard;\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\talpha -= smoothstep(cutoff - .5, cutoff + .5, radius);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\tfloat t = fract(dot(tangent, gl_FragCoord.xy) / dashLength) * .5 + .25;\n\tfloat dash = texture2D(dashTexture, vec2(t, .5)).r;\n\n\tgl_FragColor = fragColor;\n\tgl_FragColor.a *= alpha * opacity * dash;\n}\n"]),attributes:{lineEnd:{buffer:r,divisor:0,stride:8,offset:0},lineTop:{buffer:r,divisor:0,stride:8,offset:4},aColor:{buffer:t.prop("colorBuffer"),stride:4,offset:0,divisor:1},bColor:{buffer:t.prop("colorBuffer"),stride:4,offset:4,divisor:1},prevCoord:{buffer:t.prop("positionBuffer"),stride:8,offset:0,divisor:1},aCoord:{buffer:t.prop("positionBuffer"),stride:8,offset:8,divisor:1},bCoord:{buffer:t.prop("positionBuffer"),stride:8,offset:16,divisor:1},nextCoord:{buffer:t.prop("positionBuffer"),stride:8,offset:24,divisor:1}}},n))}catch(t){e=i}return{fill:t({primitive:"triangle",elements:function(t,e){return e.triangles},offset:0,vert:o(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec2 position, positionFract;\n\nuniform vec4 color;\nuniform vec2 scale, scaleFract, translate, translateFract;\nuniform float pixelRatio, id;\nuniform vec4 viewport;\nuniform float opacity;\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\n\nconst float MAX_LINES = 256.;\n\nvoid main() {\n\tfloat depth = (MAX_LINES - 4. - id) / (MAX_LINES);\n\n\tvec2 position = position * scale + translate\n + positionFract * scale + translateFract\n + position * scaleFract\n + positionFract * scaleFract;\n\n\tgl_Position = vec4(position * 2.0 - 1.0, depth, 1);\n\n\tfragColor = color / 255.;\n\tfragColor.a *= opacity;\n}\n"]),frag:o(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\n\nvoid main() {\n\tgl_FragColor = fragColor;\n}\n"]),uniforms:{scale:t.prop("scale"),color:t.prop("fill"),scaleFract:t.prop("scaleFract"),translateFract:t.prop("translateFract"),translate:t.prop("translate"),opacity:t.prop("opacity"),pixelRatio:t.context("pixelRatio"),id:t.prop("id"),viewport:function(t,e){return[e.viewport.x,e.viewport.y,t.viewportWidth,t.viewportHeight]}},attributes:{position:{buffer:t.prop("positionBuffer"),stride:8,offset:8},positionFract:{buffer:t.prop("positionFractBuffer"),stride:8,offset:8}},blend:n.blend,depth:{enable:!1},scissor:n.scissor,stencil:n.stencil,viewport:n.viewport}),rect:i,miter:e}},v.defaults={dashes:null,join:"miter",miterLimit:1,thickness:10,cap:"square",color:"black",opacity:1,overlay:!1,viewport:null,range:null,close:!1,fill:null},v.prototype.render=function(){for(var t,e=[],r=arguments.length;r--;)e[r]=arguments[r];e.length&&(t=this).update.apply(t,e),this.draw()},v.prototype.draw=function(){for(var t=this,e=[],r=arguments.length;r--;)e[r]=arguments[r];return(e.length?e:this.passes).forEach((function(e,r){var n;if(e&&Array.isArray(e))return(n=t).draw.apply(n,e);"number"==typeof e&&(e=t.passes[e]),e&&e.count>1&&e.opacity&&(t.regl._refresh(),e.fill&&e.triangles&&e.triangles.length>2&&t.shaders.fill(e),e.thickness&&(e.scale[0]*e.viewport.width>v.precisionThreshold||e.scale[1]*e.viewport.height>v.precisionThreshold||"rect"===e.join||!e.join&&(e.thickness<=2||e.count>=v.maxPoints)?t.shaders.rect(e):t.shaders.miter(e)))})),this},v.prototype.update=function(t){var e=this;if(t){null!=t.length?"number"==typeof t[0]&&(t=[{positions:t}]):Array.isArray(t)||(t=[t]);var r=this.regl,o=this.gl;if(t.forEach((function(t,f){var d=e.passes[f];if(void 0!==t)if(null!==t){if("number"==typeof t[0]&&(t={positions:t}),t=s(t,{positions:"positions points data coords",thickness:"thickness lineWidth lineWidths line-width linewidth width stroke-width strokewidth strokeWidth",join:"lineJoin linejoin join type mode",miterLimit:"miterlimit miterLimit",dashes:"dash dashes dasharray dash-array dashArray",color:"color colour stroke colors colours stroke-color strokeColor",fill:"fill fill-color fillColor",opacity:"alpha opacity",overlay:"overlay crease overlap intersect",close:"closed close closed-path closePath",range:"range dataBox",viewport:"viewport viewBox",hole:"holes hole hollow",splitNull:"splitNull"}),d||(e.passes[f]=d={id:f,scale:null,scaleFract:null,translate:null,translateFract:null,count:0,hole:[],depth:0,dashLength:1,dashTexture:r.texture({channels:1,data:new Uint8Array([255]),width:1,height:1,mag:"linear",min:"linear"}),colorBuffer:r.buffer({usage:"dynamic",type:"uint8",data:new Uint8Array}),positionBuffer:r.buffer({usage:"dynamic",type:"float",data:new Uint8Array}),positionFractBuffer:r.buffer({usage:"dynamic",type:"float",data:new Uint8Array})},t=a({},v.defaults,t)),null!=t.thickness&&(d.thickness=parseFloat(t.thickness)),null!=t.opacity&&(d.opacity=parseFloat(t.opacity)),null!=t.miterLimit&&(d.miterLimit=parseFloat(t.miterLimit)),null!=t.overlay&&(d.overlay=!!t.overlay,f<v.maxLines&&(d.depth=2*(v.maxLines-1-f%v.maxLines)/v.maxLines-1)),null!=t.join&&(d.join=t.join),null!=t.hole&&(d.hole=t.hole),null!=t.fill&&(d.fill=t.fill?n(t.fill,"uint8"):null),null!=t.viewport&&(d.viewport=m(t.viewport)),d.viewport||(d.viewport=m([o.drawingBufferWidth,o.drawingBufferHeight])),null!=t.close&&(d.close=t.close),null===t.positions&&(t.positions=[]),t.positions){var y,x;if(t.positions.x&&t.positions.y){var b=t.positions.x,_=t.positions.y;x=d.count=Math.max(b.length,_.length),y=new Float64Array(2*x);for(var w=0;w<x;w++)y[2*w]=b[w],y[2*w+1]=_[w]}else y=l(t.positions,"float64"),x=d.count=Math.floor(y.length/2);var T=d.bounds=i(y,2);if(d.fill){for(var k=[],A={},M=0,S=0,E=0,L=d.count;S<L;S++){var C=y[2*S],P=y[2*S+1];isNaN(C)||isNaN(P)||null==C||null==P?(C=y[2*M],P=y[2*M+1],A[S]=M):M=S,k[E++]=C,k[E++]=P}if(t.splitNull){d.count-1 in A||(A[d.count]=d.count-1);var I=Object.keys(A).map(Number).sort((function(t,e){return t-e})),O=[],z=0,D=null!=d.hole?d.hole[0]:null;if(null!=D){var R=g(I,(function(t){return t>=D}));(I=I.slice(0,R)).push(D)}for(var F=function(t){var e=k.slice(2*z,2*I[t]).concat(D?k.slice(2*D):[]),r=(d.hole||[]).map((function(e){return e-D+(I[t]-z)})),n=c(e,r);n=n.map((function(e){return e+z+(e+z<I[t]?0:D-I[t])})),O.push.apply(O,n),z=I[t]+1},B=0;B<I.length;B++)F(B);for(var N=0,j=O.length;N<j;N++)null!=A[O[N]]&&(O[N]=A[O[N]]);d.triangles=O}else{for(var U=c(k,d.hole||[]),V=0,H=U.length;V<H;V++)null!=A[U[V]]&&(U[V]=A[U[V]]);d.triangles=U}}var q=new Float64Array(y);u(q,2,T);var G=new Float64Array(2*x+6);d.close?y[0]===y[2*x-2]&&y[1]===y[2*x-1]?(G[0]=q[2*x-4],G[1]=q[2*x-3]):(G[0]=q[2*x-2],G[1]=q[2*x-1]):(G[0]=q[0],G[1]=q[1]),G.set(q,2),d.close?y[0]===y[2*x-2]&&y[1]===y[2*x-1]?(G[2*x+2]=q[2],G[2*x+3]=q[3],d.count-=1):(G[2*x+2]=q[0],G[2*x+3]=q[1],G[2*x+4]=q[2],G[2*x+5]=q[3]):(G[2*x+2]=q[2*x-2],G[2*x+3]=q[2*x-1],G[2*x+4]=q[2*x-2],G[2*x+5]=q[2*x-1]);var Y=h(G);d.positionBuffer(Y);var W=p(G,Y);d.positionFractBuffer(W)}if(t.range?d.range=t.range:d.range||(d.range=d.bounds),(t.range||t.positions)&&d.count){var Z=d.bounds,X=Z[2]-Z[0],J=Z[3]-Z[1],K=d.range[2]-d.range[0],Q=d.range[3]-d.range[1];d.scale=[X/K,J/Q],d.translate=[-d.range[0]/K+Z[0]/K||0,-d.range[1]/Q+Z[1]/Q||0],d.scaleFract=p(d.scale),d.translateFract=p(d.translate)}if(t.dashes){var $,tt=0;if(!t.dashes||t.dashes.length<2)tt=1,$=new Uint8Array([255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255]);else{tt=0;for(var et=0;et<t.dashes.length;++et)tt+=t.dashes[et];$=new Uint8Array(tt*v.dashMult);for(var rt=0,nt=255,it=0;it<2;it++)for(var at=0;at<t.dashes.length;++at){for(var ot=0,st=t.dashes[at]*v.dashMult*.5;ot<st;++ot)$[rt++]=nt;nt^=255}}d.dashLength=tt,d.dashTexture({channels:1,data:$,width:$.length,height:1,mag:"linear",min:"linear"},0,0)}if(t.color){var lt=d.count,ct=t.color;ct||(ct="transparent");var ut=new Uint8Array(4*lt+4);if(Array.isArray(ct)&&"number"!=typeof ct[0]){for(var ft=0;ft<lt;ft++){var ht=n(ct[ft],"uint8");ut.set(ht,4*ft)}ut.set(n(ct[0],"uint8"),4*lt)}else for(var pt=n(ct,"uint8"),dt=0;dt<lt+1;dt++)ut.set(pt,4*dt);d.colorBuffer({usage:"dynamic",type:"uint8",data:ut})}}else e.passes[f]=null})),t.length<this.passes.length){for(var f=t.length;f<this.passes.length;f++){var d=this.passes[f];d&&(d.colorBuffer.destroy(),d.positionBuffer.destroy(),d.dashTexture.destroy())}this.passes.length=t.length}for(var y=[],x=0;x<this.passes.length;x++)null!==this.passes[x]&&y.push(this.passes[x]);return this.passes=y,this}},v.prototype.destroy=function(){return 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function(t){if(Array.isArray(t))return o(t)}(t)||function(t){if("undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&null!=t[Symbol.iterator]||null!=t["@@iterator"])return Array.from(t)}(t)||a(t)||function(){throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to spread non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.")}()}function a(t,e){if(t){if("string"==typeof t)return o(t,e);var r=Object.prototype.toString.call(t).slice(8,-1);return"Object"===r&&t.constructor&&(r=t.constructor.name),"Map"===r||"Set"===r?Array.from(t):"Arguments"===r||/^(?:Ui|I)nt(?:8|16|32)(?:Clamped)?Array$/.test(r)?o(t,e):void 0}}function o(t,e){(null==e||e>t.length)&&(e=t.length);for(var r=0,n=new Array(e);r<e;r++)n[r]=t[r];return n}var s=t("color-normalize"),l=t("array-bounds"),c=t("color-id"),u=t("@plotly/point-cluster"),f=t("object-assign"),h=t("glslify"),p=t("pick-by-alias"),d=t("update-diff"),m=t("flatten-vertex-data"),g=t("is-iexplorer"),v=t("to-float32"),y=t("parse-rect"),x=b;function b(t,e){var r=this;if(!(this instanceof b))return new b(t,e);"function"==typeof t?(e||(e={}),e.regl=t):(e=t,t=null),e&&e.length&&(e.positions=e);var n,i=(t=e.regl)._gl,a=[];this.tooManyColors=g,n=t.texture({data:new Uint8Array(1020),width:255,height:1,type:"uint8",format:"rgba",wrapS:"clamp",wrapT:"clamp",mag:"nearest",min:"nearest"}),f(this,{regl:t,gl:i,groups:[],markerCache:[null],markerTextures:[null],palette:a,paletteIds:{},paletteTexture:n,maxColors:255,maxSize:100,canvas:i.canvas}),this.update(e);var o={uniforms:{constPointSize:!!e.constPointSize,opacity:t.prop("opacity"),paletteSize:function(t,e){return[r.tooManyColors?0:255,n.height]},pixelRatio:t.context("pixelRatio"),scale:t.prop("scale"),scaleFract:t.prop("scaleFract"),translate:t.prop("translate"),translateFract:t.prop("translateFract"),markerTexture:t.prop("markerTexture"),paletteTexture:n},attributes:{x:function(t,e){return e.xAttr||{buffer:e.positionBuffer,stride:8,offset:0}},y:function(t,e){return e.yAttr||{buffer:e.positionBuffer,stride:8,offset:4}},xFract:function(t,e){return e.xAttr?{constant:[0,0]}:{buffer:e.positionFractBuffer,stride:8,offset:0}},yFract:function(t,e){return e.yAttr?{constant:[0,0]}:{buffer:e.positionFractBuffer,stride:8,offset:4}},size:function(t,e){return e.size.length?{buffer:e.sizeBuffer,stride:2,offset:0}:{constant:[Math.round(255*e.size/r.maxSize)]}},borderSize:function(t,e){return e.borderSize.length?{buffer:e.sizeBuffer,stride:2,offset:1}:{constant:[Math.round(255*e.borderSize/r.maxSize)]}},colorId:function(t,e){return e.color.length?{buffer:e.colorBuffer,stride:r.tooManyColors?8:4,offset:0}:{constant:r.tooManyColors?a.slice(4*e.color,4*e.color+4):[e.color]}},borderColorId:function(t,e){return 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gl_PointCoord).r, delta = fragWidth;\n\n // max-distance alpha\n if (dist < 0.003) discard;\n\n // null-border case\n if (fragBorderColorLevel == fragColorLevel || fragBorderColor.a == 0.) {\n float colorAmt = smoothstep(.5 - delta, .5 + delta, dist);\n gl_FragColor = vec4(fragColor.rgb, colorAmt * fragColor.a * opacity);\n }\n else {\n float borderColorAmt = smoothstep(fragBorderColorLevel - delta, fragBorderColorLevel + delta, dist);\n float colorAmt = smoothstep(fragColorLevel - delta, fragColorLevel + delta, dist);\n\n vec4 color = fragBorderColor;\n color.a *= borderColorAmt;\n color = mix(color, fragColor, colorAmt);\n color.a *= opacity;\n\n gl_FragColor = color;\n }\n\n}\n"]),s.vert=h(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute float x, y, xFract, yFract;\nattribute float size, borderSize;\nattribute vec4 colorId, borderColorId;\nattribute float isActive;\n\nuniform bool constPointSize;\nuniform float pixelRatio;\nuniform vec2 scale, scaleFract, translate, translateFract, paletteSize;\nuniform sampler2D paletteTexture;\n\nconst float maxSize = 100.;\nconst float borderLevel = .5;\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor, fragBorderColor;\nvarying float fragPointSize, fragBorderRadius, fragWidth, fragBorderColorLevel, fragColorLevel;\n\nfloat pointSizeScale = (constPointSize) ? 2. : pixelRatio;\n\nbool isDirect = (paletteSize.x < 1.);\n\nvec4 getColor(vec4 id) {\n return isDirect ? id / 255. : texture2D(paletteTexture,\n vec2(\n (id.x + .5) / paletteSize.x,\n (id.y + .5) / paletteSize.y\n )\n );\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n // ignore inactive points\n if (isActive == 0.) return;\n\n vec2 position = vec2(x, y);\n vec2 positionFract = vec2(xFract, yFract);\n\n vec4 color = getColor(colorId);\n vec4 borderColor = getColor(borderColorId);\n\n float size = size * maxSize / 255.;\n float borderSize = borderSize * maxSize / 255.;\n\n gl_PointSize = 2. * size * pointSizeScale;\n fragPointSize = size * pixelRatio;\n\n vec2 pos = (position + translate) * scale\n + (positionFract + translateFract) * scale\n + (position + translate) * scaleFract\n + (positionFract + translateFract) * scaleFract;\n\n gl_Position = vec4(pos * 2. - 1., 0., 1.);\n\n fragColor = color;\n fragBorderColor = borderColor;\n fragWidth = 1. / gl_PointSize;\n\n fragBorderColorLevel = clamp(borderLevel - borderLevel * borderSize / size, 0., 1.);\n fragColorLevel = clamp(borderLevel + (1. - borderLevel) * borderSize / size, 0., 1.);\n}"]),this.drawMarker=t(s);var l=f({},o);l.frag=h(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor, fragBorderColor;\nvarying float fragBorderRadius, fragWidth;\n\nuniform float opacity;\n\nfloat smoothStep(float edge0, float edge1, float x) {\n\tfloat t;\n\tt = clamp((x - edge0) / (edge1 - edge0), 0.0, 1.0);\n\treturn t * t * (3.0 - 2.0 * t);\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n\tfloat radius, alpha = 1.0, delta = fragWidth;\n\n\tradius = length(2.0 * gl_PointCoord.xy - 1.0);\n\n\tif (radius > 1.0 + delta) {\n\t\tdiscard;\n\t}\n\n\talpha -= smoothstep(1.0 - delta, 1.0 + delta, radius);\n\n\tfloat borderRadius = fragBorderRadius;\n\tfloat ratio = smoothstep(borderRadius - delta, borderRadius + delta, radius);\n\tvec4 color = mix(fragColor, fragBorderColor, ratio);\n\tcolor.a *= alpha * opacity;\n\tgl_FragColor = color;\n}\n"]),l.vert=h(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute float x, y, xFract, yFract;\nattribute float size, borderSize;\nattribute vec4 colorId, borderColorId;\nattribute float isActive;\n\nuniform bool constPointSize;\nuniform float pixelRatio;\nuniform vec2 paletteSize, scale, scaleFract, translate, translateFract;\nuniform sampler2D paletteTexture;\n\nconst float maxSize = 100.;\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor, fragBorderColor;\nvarying float fragBorderRadius, fragWidth;\n\nfloat pointSizeScale = (constPointSize) ? 2. : pixelRatio;\n\nbool isDirect = (paletteSize.x < 1.);\n\nvec4 getColor(vec4 id) {\n return isDirect ? id / 255. : texture2D(paletteTexture,\n vec2(\n (id.x + .5) / paletteSize.x,\n (id.y + .5) / paletteSize.y\n )\n );\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n // ignore inactive points\n if (isActive == 0.) return;\n\n vec2 position = vec2(x, y);\n vec2 positionFract = vec2(xFract, yFract);\n\n vec4 color = getColor(colorId);\n vec4 borderColor = getColor(borderColorId);\n\n float size = size * maxSize / 255.;\n float borderSize = borderSize * maxSize / 255.;\n\n gl_PointSize = (size + borderSize) * pointSizeScale;\n\n vec2 pos = (position + translate) * scale\n + (positionFract + translateFract) * scale\n + (position + translate) * scaleFract\n + (positionFract + translateFract) * scaleFract;\n\n gl_Position = vec4(pos * 2. - 1., 0., 1.);\n\n fragBorderRadius = 1. - 2. * borderSize / (size + borderSize);\n fragColor = color;\n fragBorderColor = borderColor.a == 0. || borderSize == 0. ? vec4(color.rgb, 0.) : borderColor;\n fragWidth = 1. / gl_PointSize;\n}\n"]),g&&(l.frag=l.frag.replace("smoothstep","smoothStep"),s.frag=s.frag.replace("smoothstep","smoothStep")),this.drawCircle=t(l)}b.defaults={color:"black",borderColor:"transparent",borderSize:0,size:12,opacity:1,marker:void 0,viewport:null,range:null,pixelSize:null,count:0,offset:0,bounds:null,positions:[],snap:1e4},b.prototype.render=function(){return arguments.length&&this.update.apply(this,arguments),this.draw(),this},b.prototype.draw=function(){for(var t=this,e=arguments.length,r=new Array(e),n=0;n<e;n++)r[n]=arguments[n];var i=this.groups;if(1===r.length&&Array.isArray(r[0])&&(null===r[0][0]||Array.isArray(r[0][0]))&&(r=r[0]),this.regl._refresh(),r.length)for(var a=0;a<r.length;a++)this.drawItem(a,r[a]);else i.forEach((function(e,r){t.drawItem(r)}));return this},b.prototype.drawItem=function(t,e){var r=this.groups,n=r[t];if("number"==typeof e&&(t=e,n=r[e],e=null),n&&n.count&&n.opacity){n.activation[0]&&this.drawCircle(this.getMarkerDrawOptions(0,n,e));for(var a=[],o=1;o<n.activation.length;o++)n.activation[o]&&(!0===n.activation[o]||n.activation[o].data.length)&&a.push.apply(a,i(this.getMarkerDrawOptions(o,n,e)));a.length&&this.drawMarker(a)}},b.prototype.getMarkerDrawOptions=function(t,e,r){var i=e.range,a=e.tree,o=e.viewport,s=e.activation,l=e.selectionBuffer,c=e.count;this.regl;if(!a)return r?[f({},e,{markerTexture:this.markerTextures[t],activation:s[t],count:r.length,elements:r,offset:0})]:[f({},e,{markerTexture:this.markerTextures[t],activation:s[t],offset:0})];var u=[],h=a.range(i,{lod:!0,px:[(i[2]-i[0])/o.width,(i[3]-i[1])/o.height]});if(r){for(var p=s[t].data,d=new Uint8Array(c),m=0;m<r.length;m++){var g=r[m];d[g]=p?p[g]:1}l.subdata(d)}for(var v=h.length;v--;){var y=n(h[v],2),x=y[0],b=y[1];u.push(f({},e,{markerTexture:this.markerTextures[t],activation:r?l:s[t],offset:x,count:b-x}))}return u},b.prototype.update=function(){for(var t=this,e=arguments.length,r=new Array(e),n=0;n<e;n++)r[n]=arguments[n];if(r.length){1===r.length&&Array.isArray(r[0])&&(r=r[0]);var i=this.groups,a=this.gl,o=this.regl,s=this.maxSize,c=this.maxColors,h=this.palette;this.groups=i=r.map((function(e,r){var n=i[r];if(void 0===e)return n;null===e?e={positions:null}:"function"==typeof e?e={ondraw:e}:"number"==typeof e[0]&&(e={positions:e}),null===(e=p(e,{positions:"positions data points",snap:"snap cluster lod tree",size:"sizes size radius",borderSize:"borderSizes borderSize border-size bordersize borderWidth borderWidths border-width borderwidth stroke-width strokeWidth strokewidth outline",color:"colors color fill fill-color fillColor",borderColor:"borderColors borderColor stroke stroke-color strokeColor",marker:"markers marker shape",range:"range dataBox databox",viewport:"viewport viewPort viewBox viewbox",opacity:"opacity alpha transparency",bounds:"bound bounds boundaries limits",tooManyColors:"tooManyColors palette paletteMode optimizePalette enablePalette"})).positions&&(e.positions=[]),null!=e.tooManyColors&&(t.tooManyColors=e.tooManyColors),n||(i[r]=n={id:r,scale:null,translate:null,scaleFract:null,translateFract:null,activation:[],selectionBuffer:o.buffer({data:new Uint8Array(0),usage:"stream",type:"uint8"}),sizeBuffer:o.buffer({data:new Uint8Array(0),usage:"dynamic",type:"uint8"}),colorBuffer:o.buffer({data:new Uint8Array(0),usage:"dynamic",type:"uint8"}),positionBuffer:o.buffer({data:new Uint8Array(0),usage:"dynamic",type:"float"}),positionFractBuffer:o.buffer({data:new Uint8Array(0),usage:"dynamic",type:"float"})},e=f({},b.defaults,e)),e.positions&&!("marker"in e)&&(e.marker=n.marker,delete n.marker),e.marker&&!("positions"in e)&&(e.positions=n.positions,delete n.positions);var g=0,x=0;if(d(n,e,[{snap:!0,size:function(t,e){return null==t&&(t=b.defaults.size),g+=t&&t.length?1:0,t},borderSize:function(t,e){return null==t&&(t=b.defaults.borderSize),g+=t&&t.length?1:0,t},opacity:parseFloat,color:function(e,r){return null==e&&(e=b.defaults.color),e=t.updateColor(e),x++,e},borderColor:function(e,r){return null==e&&(e=b.defaults.borderColor),e=t.updateColor(e),x++,e},bounds:function(t,e,r){return"range"in r||(r.range=null),t},positions:function(t,e,r){var n=e.snap,i=e.positionBuffer,a=e.positionFractBuffer,s=e.selectionBuffer;if(t.x||t.y)return t.x.length?e.xAttr={buffer:o.buffer(t.x),offset:0,stride:4,count:t.x.length}:e.xAttr={buffer:t.x.buffer,offset:4*t.x.offset||0,stride:4*(t.x.stride||1),count:t.x.count},t.y.length?e.yAttr={buffer:o.buffer(t.y),offset:0,stride:4,count:t.y.length}:e.yAttr={buffer:t.y.buffer,offset:4*t.y.offset||0,stride:4*(t.y.stride||1),count:t.y.count},e.count=Math.max(e.xAttr.count,e.yAttr.count),t;t=m(t,"float64");var c=e.count=Math.floor(t.length/2),f=e.bounds=c?l(t,2):null;if(r.range||e.range||(delete e.range,r.range=f),r.marker||e.marker||(delete e.marker,r.marker=null),n&&(!0===n||c>n)?e.tree=u(t,{bounds:f}):n&&n.length&&(e.tree=n),e.tree){var h={primitive:"points",usage:"static",data:e.tree,type:"uint32"};e.elements?e.elements(h):e.elements=o.elements(h)}var p=v.float32(t);return i({data:p,usage:"dynamic"}),a({data:v.fract32(t,p),usage:"dynamic"}),s({data:new Uint8Array(c),type:"uint8",usage:"stream"}),t}},{marker:function(e,r,n){var i=r.activation;if(i.forEach((function(t){return t&&t.destroy&&t.destroy()})),i.length=0,e&&"number"!=typeof e[0]){for(var a=[],s=0,l=Math.min(e.length,r.count);s<l;s++){var c=t.addMarker(e[s]);a[c]||(a[c]=new Uint8Array(r.count)),a[c][s]=1}for(var u=0;u<a.length;u++)if(a[u]){var f={data:a[u],type:"uint8",usage:"static"};i[u]?i[u](f):i[u]=o.buffer(f),i[u].data=a[u]}}else{i[t.addMarker(e)]=!0}return e},range:function(t,e,r){var n=e.bounds;if(n)return t||(t=n),e.scale=[1/(t[2]-t[0]),1/(t[3]-t[1])],e.translate=[-t[0],-t[1]],e.scaleFract=v.fract(e.scale),e.translateFract=v.fract(e.translate),t},viewport:function(t){return y(t||[a.drawingBufferWidth,a.drawingBufferHeight])}}]),g){var _=n,w=_.count,T=_.size,k=_.borderSize,A=_.sizeBuffer,M=new Uint8Array(2*w);if(T.length||k.length)for(var S=0;S<w;S++)M[2*S]=Math.round(255*(null==T[S]?T:T[S])/s),M[2*S+1]=Math.round(255*(null==k[S]?k:k[S])/s);A({data:M,usage:"dynamic"})}if(x){var E,L=n,C=L.count,P=L.color,I=L.borderColor,O=L.colorBuffer;if(t.tooManyColors){if(P.length||I.length){E=new Uint8Array(8*C);for(var z=0;z<C;z++){var D=P[z];E[8*z]=h[4*D],E[8*z+1]=h[4*D+1],E[8*z+2]=h[4*D+2],E[8*z+3]=h[4*D+3];var R=I[z];E[8*z+4]=h[4*R],E[8*z+5]=h[4*R+1],E[8*z+6]=h[4*R+2],E[8*z+7]=h[4*R+3]}}}else if(P.length||I.length){E=new Uint8Array(4*C+2);for(var F=0;F<C;F++)null!=P[F]&&(E[4*F]=P[F]%c,E[4*F+1]=Math.floor(P[F]/c)),null!=I[F]&&(E[4*F+2]=I[F]%c,E[4*F+3]=Math.floor(I[F]/c))}O({data:E||new Uint8Array(0),type:"uint8",usage:"dynamic"})}return n}))}},b.prototype.addMarker=function(t){var e,r=this.markerTextures,n=this.regl,i=this.markerCache,a=null==t?0:i.indexOf(t);if(a>=0)return a;if(t instanceof Uint8Array||t instanceof Uint8ClampedArray)e=t;else{e=new Uint8Array(t.length);for(var o=0,s=t.length;o<s;o++)e[o]=255*t[o]}var l=Math.floor(Math.sqrt(e.length));return a=r.length,i.push(t),r.push(n.texture({channels:1,data:e,radius:l,mag:"linear",min:"linear"})),a},b.prototype.updateColor=function(t){var e=this.paletteIds,r=this.palette,n=this.maxColors;Array.isArray(t)||(t=[t]);var i=[];if("number"==typeof t[0]){var a=[];if(Array.isArray(t))for(var o=0;o<t.length;o+=4)a.push(t.slice(o,o+4));else for(var l=0;l<t.length;l+=4)a.push(t.subarray(l,l+4));t=a}for(var u=0;u<t.length;u++){var f=t[u];f=s(f,"uint8");var h=c(f,!1);if(null==e[h]){var p=r.length;e[h]=Math.floor(p/4),r[p]=f[0],r[p+1]=f[1],r[p+2]=f[2],r[p+3]=f[3]}i[u]=e[h]}return!this.tooManyColors&&r.length>4*n&&(this.tooManyColors=!0),this.updatePalette(r),1===i.length?i[0]:i},b.prototype.updatePalette=function(t){if(!this.tooManyColors){var e=this.maxColors,r=this.paletteTexture,n=Math.ceil(.25*t.length/e);if(n>1)for(var i=.25*(t=t.slice()).length%e;i<n*e;i++)t.push(0,0,0,0);r.height<n&&r.resize(e,n),r.subimage({width:Math.min(.25*t.length,e),height:n,data:t},0,0)}},b.prototype.destroy=function(){return this.groups.forEach((function(t){t.sizeBuffer.destroy(),t.positionBuffer.destroy(),t.positionFractBuffer.destroy(),t.colorBuffer.destroy(),t.activation.forEach((function(t){return t&&t.destroy&&t.destroy()})),t.selectionBuffer.destroy(),t.elements&&t.elements.destroy()})),this.groups.length=0,this.paletteTexture.destroy(),this.markerTextures.forEach((function(t){return t&&t.destroy&&t.destroy()})),this};var _=t("object-assign");e.exports=function(t,e){var r=new x(t,e),n=r.render.bind(r);return _(n,{render:n,update:r.update.bind(r),draw:r.draw.bind(r),destroy:r.destroy.bind(r),regl:r.regl,gl:r.gl,canvas:r.gl.canvas,groups:r.groups,markers:r.markerCache,palette:r.palette}),n}},{"@plotly/point-cluster":59,"array-bounds":71,"color-id":87,"color-normalize":89,"flatten-vertex-data":191,glslify:227,"is-iexplorer":233,"object-assign":247,"parse-rect":249,"pick-by-alias":253,"to-float32":314,"update-diff":330}],283:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("regl-scatter2d"),i=t("pick-by-alias"),a=t("array-bounds"),o=t("raf"),s=t("array-range"),l=t("parse-rect"),c=t("flatten-vertex-data");function u(t,e){if(!(this instanceof u))return new u(t,e);this.traces=[],this.passes={},this.regl=t,this.scatter=n(t),this.canvas=this.scatter.canvas}function f(t,e,r){return(null!=t.id?t.id:t)<<16|(255&e)<<8|255&r}function h(t,e,r){var n,i,a,o,s=t[e],l=t[r];return s.length>2?(s[0],s[2],n=s[1],i=s[3]):s.length?(n=s[0],i=s[1]):(s.x,n=s.y,s.x+s.width,i=s.y+s.height),l.length>2?(a=l[0],o=l[2],l[1],l[3]):l.length?(a=l[0],o=l[1]):(a=l.x,l.y,o=l.x+l.width,l.y+l.height),[a,n,o,i]}function p(t){if("number"==typeof t)return[t,t,t,t];if(2===t.length)return[t[0],t[1],t[0],t[1]];var e=l(t);return[e.x,e.y,e.x+e.width,e.y+e.height]}e.exports=u,u.prototype.render=function(){for(var t,e=this,r=[],n=arguments.length;n--;)r[n]=arguments[n];return r.length&&(t=this).update.apply(t,r),this.regl.attributes.preserveDrawingBuffer?this.draw():(this.dirty?null==this.planned&&(this.planned=o((function(){e.draw(),e.dirty=!0,e.planned=null}))):(this.draw(),this.dirty=!0,o((function(){e.dirty=!1}))),this)},u.prototype.update=function(){for(var t,e=[],r=arguments.length;r--;)e[r]=arguments[r];if(e.length){for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++)this.updateItem(n,e[n]);this.traces=this.traces.filter(Boolean);for(var i=[],a=0,o=0;o<this.traces.length;o++){for(var s=this.traces[o],l=this.traces[o].passes,c=0;c<l.length;c++)i.push(this.passes[l[c]]);s.passOffset=a,a+=s.passes.length}return(t=this.scatter).update.apply(t,i),this}},u.prototype.updateItem=function(t,e){var r=this.regl;if(null===e)return this.traces[t]=null,this;if(!e)return this;var n,o=i(e,{data:"data items columns rows values dimensions samples x",snap:"snap cluster",size:"sizes size radius",color:"colors color fill fill-color fillColor",opacity:"opacity alpha transparency opaque",borderSize:"borderSizes borderSize border-size bordersize borderWidth borderWidths border-width borderwidth stroke-width strokeWidth strokewidth outline",borderColor:"borderColors borderColor bordercolor stroke stroke-color strokeColor",marker:"markers marker shape",range:"range ranges databox dataBox",viewport:"viewport viewBox viewbox",domain:"domain domains area areas",padding:"pad padding paddings pads margin margins",transpose:"transpose transposed",diagonal:"diagonal diag showDiagonal",upper:"upper up top upperhalf upperHalf showupperhalf showUpper showUpperHalf",lower:"lower low bottom lowerhalf lowerHalf showlowerhalf showLowerHalf showLower"}),s=this.traces[t]||(this.traces[t]={id:t,buffer:r.buffer({usage:"dynamic",type:"float",data:new Uint8Array}),color:"black",marker:null,size:12,borderColor:"transparent",borderSize:1,viewport:l([r._gl.drawingBufferWidth,r._gl.drawingBufferHeight]),padding:[0,0,0,0],opacity:1,diagonal:!0,upper:!0,lower:!0});if(null!=o.color&&(s.color=o.color),null!=o.size&&(s.size=o.size),null!=o.marker&&(s.marker=o.marker),null!=o.borderColor&&(s.borderColor=o.borderColor),null!=o.borderSize&&(s.borderSize=o.borderSize),null!=o.opacity&&(s.opacity=o.opacity),o.viewport&&(s.viewport=l(o.viewport)),null!=o.diagonal&&(s.diagonal=o.diagonal),null!=o.upper&&(s.upper=o.upper),null!=o.lower&&(s.lower=o.lower),o.data){s.buffer(c(o.data)),s.columns=o.data.length,s.count=o.data[0].length,s.bounds=[];for(var 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r=this._validate(t,e,this.minDay,n.local.invalidMonth);return this.daysPerMonth[r.month()-1]+(2===r.month()&&this.leapYear(r.year())?1:0)},weekDay:function(t,e,r){return(this.dayOfWeek(t,e,r)||7)<6},toJD:function(t,e,r){var i=this._validate(t,e,r,n.local.invalidDate);return t=i.year(),e=i.month(),r=i.day(),t<0&&t++,e<=2&&(t--,e+=12),Math.floor(365.25*(t+4716))+Math.floor(30.6001*(e+1))+r-1524.5},fromJD:function(t){var e=Math.floor(t+.5)+1524,r=Math.floor((e-122.1)/365.25),n=Math.floor(365.25*r),i=Math.floor((e-n)/30.6001),a=i-Math.floor(i<14?1:13),o=r-Math.floor(a>2?4716:4715),s=e-n-Math.floor(30.6001*i);return o<=0&&o--,this.newDate(o,a,s)}}),n.calendars.julian=a},{"../main":347,"object-assign":247}],340:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("../main"),i=t("object-assign");function a(t){this.local=this.regionalOptions[t||""]||this.regionalOptions[""]}function o(t,e){return t-e*Math.floor(t/e)}function s(t,e){return o(t-1,e)+1}a.prototype=new n.baseCalendar,i(a.prototype,{name:"Mayan",jdEpoch:584282.5,hasYearZero:!0,minMonth:0,firstMonth:0,minDay:0,regionalOptions:{"":{name:"Mayan",epochs:["",""],monthNames:["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17"],monthNamesShort:["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17"],dayNames:["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19"],dayNamesShort:["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19"],dayNamesMin:["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19"],digits:null,dateFormat:"YYYY.m.d",firstDay:0,isRTL:!1,haabMonths:["Pop","Uo","Zip","Zotz","Tzec","Xul","Yaxkin","Mol","Chen","Yax","Zac","Ceh","Mac","Kankin","Muan","Pax","Kayab","Cumku","Uayeb"],tzolkinMonths:["Imix","Ik","Akbal","Kan","Chicchan","Cimi","Manik","Lamat","Muluc","Oc","Chuen","Eb","Ben","Ix","Men","Cib","Caban","Etznab","Cauac","Ahau"]}},leapYear:function(t){return this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,n.local.invalidYear),!1},formatYear:function(t){t=this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,n.local.invalidYear).year();var e=Math.floor(t/400);return t%=400,t+=t<0?400:0,e+"."+Math.floor(t/20)+"."+t%20},forYear:function(t){if((t=t.split(".")).length<3)throw"Invalid Mayan year";for(var e=0,r=0;r<t.length;r++){var n=parseInt(t[r],10);if(Math.abs(n)>19||r>0&&n<0)throw"Invalid Mayan year";e=20*e+n}return e},monthsInYear:function(t){return this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,n.local.invalidYear),18},weekOfYear:function(t,e,r){return this._validate(t,e,r,n.local.invalidDate),0},daysInYear:function(t){return this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,n.local.invalidYear),360},daysInMonth:function(t,e){return this._validate(t,e,this.minDay,n.local.invalidMonth),20},daysInWeek:function(){return 5},dayOfWeek:function(t,e,r){return this._validate(t,e,r,n.local.invalidDate).day()},weekDay:function(t,e,r){return this._validate(t,e,r,n.local.invalidDate),!0},extraInfo:function(t,e,r){var i=this._validate(t,e,r,n.local.invalidDate).toJD(),a=this._toHaab(i),o=this._toTzolkin(i);return{haabMonthName:this.local.haabMonths[a[0]-1],haabMonth:a[0],haabDay:a[1],tzolkinDayName:this.local.tzolkinMonths[o[0]-1],tzolkinDay:o[0],tzolkinTrecena:o[1]}},_toHaab:function(t){var e=o((t-=this.jdEpoch)+8+340,365);return[Math.floor(e/20)+1,o(e,20)]},_toTzolkin:function(t){return[s((t-=this.jdEpoch)+20,20),s(t+4,13)]},toJD:function(t,e,r){var i=this._validate(t,e,r,n.local.invalidDate);return i.day()+20*i.month()+360*i.year()+this.jdEpoch},fromJD:function(t){t=Math.floor(t)+.5-this.jdEpoch;var e=Math.floor(t/360);t%=360,t+=t<0?360:0;var r=Math.floor(t/20),n=t%20;return this.newDate(e,r,n)}}),n.calendars.mayan=a},{"../main":347,"object-assign":247}],341:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("../main"),i=t("object-assign");function a(t){this.local=this.regionalOptions[t||""]||this.regionalOptions[""]}a.prototype=new n.baseCalendar;var o=n.instance("gregorian");i(a.prototype,{name:"Nanakshahi",jdEpoch:2257673.5,daysPerMonth:[31,31,31,31,31,30,30,30,30,30,30,30],hasYearZero:!1,minMonth:1,firstMonth:1,minDay:1,regionalOptions:{"":{name:"Nanakshahi",epochs:["BN","AN"],monthNames:["Chet","Vaisakh","Jeth","Harh","Sawan","Bhadon","Assu","Katak","Maghar","Poh","Magh","Phagun"],monthNamesShort:["Che","Vai","Jet","Har","Saw","Bha","Ass","Kat","Mgr","Poh","Mgh","Pha"],dayNames:["Somvaar","Mangalvar","Budhvaar","Veervaar","Shukarvaar","Sanicharvaar","Etvaar"],dayNamesShort:["Som","Mangal","Budh","Veer","Shukar","Sanichar","Et"],dayNamesMin:["So","Ma","Bu","Ve","Sh","Sa","Et"],digits:null,dateFormat:"dd-mm-yyyy",firstDay:0,isRTL:!1}},leapYear:function(t){var e=this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,n.local.invalidYear||n.regionalOptions[""].invalidYear);return o.leapYear(e.year()+(e.year()<1?1:0)+1469)},weekOfYear:function(t,e,r){var n=this.newDate(t,e,r);return n.add(1-(n.dayOfWeek()||7),"d"),Math.floor((n.dayOfYear()-1)/7)+1},daysInMonth:function(t,e){var r=this._validate(t,e,this.minDay,n.local.invalidMonth);return this.daysPerMonth[r.month()-1]+(12===r.month()&&this.leapYear(r.year())?1:0)},weekDay:function(t,e,r){return(this.dayOfWeek(t,e,r)||7)<6},toJD:function(t,e,r){var i=this._validate(t,e,r,n.local.invalidMonth);(t=i.year())<0&&t++;for(var a=i.day(),s=1;s<i.month();s++)a+=this.daysPerMonth[s-1];return a+o.toJD(t+1468,3,13)},fromJD:function(t){t=Math.floor(t+.5);for(var e=Math.floor((t-(this.jdEpoch-1))/366);t>=this.toJD(e+1,1,1);)e++;for(var r=t-Math.floor(this.toJD(e,1,1)+.5)+1,n=1;r>this.daysInMonth(e,n);)r-=this.daysInMonth(e,n),n++;return this.newDate(e,n,r)}}),n.calendars.nanakshahi=a},{"../main":347,"object-assign":247}],342:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("../main"),i=t("object-assign");function a(t){this.local=this.regionalOptions[t||""]||this.regionalOptions[""]}a.prototype=new n.baseCalendar,i(a.prototype,{name:"Nepali",jdEpoch:1700709.5,daysPerMonth:[31,31,32,32,31,30,30,29,30,29,30,30],hasYearZero:!1,minMonth:1,firstMonth:1,minDay:1,daysPerYear:365,regionalOptions:{"":{name:"Nepali",epochs:["BBS","ABS"],monthNames:["Baisakh","Jestha","Ashadh","Shrawan","Bhadra","Ashwin","Kartik","Mangsir","Paush","Mangh","Falgun","Chaitra"],monthNamesShort:["Bai","Je","As","Shra","Bha","Ash","Kar","Mang","Pau","Ma","Fal","Chai"],dayNames:["Aaitabaar","Sombaar","Manglbaar","Budhabaar","Bihibaar","Shukrabaar","Shanibaar"],dayNamesShort:["Aaita","Som","Mangl","Budha","Bihi","Shukra","Shani"],dayNamesMin:["Aai","So","Man","Bu","Bi","Shu","Sha"],digits:null,dateFormat:"dd/mm/yyyy",firstDay:1,isRTL:!1}},leapYear:function(t){return this.daysInYear(t)!==this.daysPerYear},weekOfYear:function(t,e,r){var n=this.newDate(t,e,r);return n.add(-n.dayOfWeek(),"d"),Math.floor((n.dayOfYear()-1)/7)+1},daysInYear:function(t){if(t=this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,n.local.invalidYear).year(),void 0===this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[t])return this.daysPerYear;for(var e=0,r=this.minMonth;r<=12;r++)e+=this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[t][r];return e},daysInMonth:function(t,e){return t.year&&(e=t.month(),t=t.year()),this._validate(t,e,this.minDay,n.local.invalidMonth),void 0===this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[t]?this.daysPerMonth[e-1]:this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[t][e]},weekDay:function(t,e,r){return 6!==this.dayOfWeek(t,e,r)},toJD:function(t,e,r){var i=this._validate(t,e,r,n.local.invalidDate);t=i.year(),e=i.month(),r=i.day();var a=n.instance(),o=0,s=e,l=t;this._createMissingCalendarData(t);var c=t-(s>9||9===s&&r>=this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[l][0]?56:57);for(9!==e&&(o=r,s--);9!==s;)s<=0&&(s=12,l--),o+=this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[l][s],s--;return 9===e?(o+=r-this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[l][0])<0&&(o+=a.daysInYear(c)):o+=this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[l][9]-this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[l][0],a.newDate(c,1,1).add(o,"d").toJD()},fromJD:function(t){var e=n.instance().fromJD(t),r=e.year(),i=e.dayOfYear(),a=r+56;this._createMissingCalendarData(a);for(var o=9,s=this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[a][0],l=this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[a][o]-s+1;i>l;)++o>12&&(o=1,a++),l+=this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[a][o];var c=this.NEPALI_CALENDAR_DATA[a][o]-(l-i);return this.newDate(a,o,c)},_createMissingCalendarData:function(t){var e=this.daysPerMonth.slice(0);e.unshift(17);for(var r=t-1;r<t+2;r++)void 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n.baseCalendar,i(a.prototype,{name:"UmmAlQura",hasYearZero:!1,minMonth:1,firstMonth:1,minDay:1,regionalOptions:{"":{name:"Umm al-Qura",epochs:["BH","AH"],monthNames:["Al-Muharram","Safar","Rabi' al-awwal","Rabi' Al-Thani","Jumada Al-Awwal","Jumada Al-Thani","Rajab","Sha'aban","Ramadan","Shawwal","Dhu al-Qi'dah","Dhu al-Hijjah"],monthNamesShort:["Muh","Saf","Rab1","Rab2","Jum1","Jum2","Raj","Sha'","Ram","Shaw","DhuQ","DhuH"],dayNames:["Yawm al-Ahad","Yawm al-Ithnain","Yawm al-Thal\u0101th\u0101\u2019","Yawm al-Arba\u2018\u0101\u2019","Yawm al-Kham\u012bs","Yawm al-Jum\u2018a","Yawm al-Sabt"],dayNamesMin:["Ah","Ith","Th","Ar","Kh","Ju","Sa"],digits:null,dateFormat:"yyyy/mm/dd",firstDay:6,isRTL:!0}},leapYear:function(t){var e=this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,n.local.invalidYear);return 355===this.daysInYear(e.year())},weekOfYear:function(t,e,r){var n=this.newDate(t,e,r);return n.add(-n.dayOfWeek(),"d"),Math.floor((n.dayOfYear()-1)/7)+1},daysInYear:function(t){for(var e=0,r=1;r<=12;r++)e+=this.daysInMonth(t,r);return e},daysInMonth:function(t,e){for(var r=this._validate(t,e,this.minDay,n.local.invalidMonth).toJD()-24e5+.5,i=0,a=0;a<o.length;a++){if(o[a]>r)return o[i]-o[i-1];i++}return 30},weekDay:function(t,e,r){return 5!==this.dayOfWeek(t,e,r)},toJD:function(t,e,r){var i=this._validate(t,e,r,n.local.invalidDate),a=12*(i.year()-1)+i.month()-15292;return i.day()+o[a-1]-1+24e5-.5},fromJD:function(t){for(var e=t-24e5+.5,r=0,n=0;n<o.length&&!(o[n]>e);n++)r++;var i=r+15292,a=Math.floor((i-1)/12),s=a+1,l=i-12*a,c=e-o[r-1]+1;return this.newDate(s,l,c)},isValid:function(t,e,r){var i=n.baseCalendar.prototype.isValid.apply(this,arguments);return i&&(i=(t=null!=t.year?t.year:t)>=1276&&t<=1500),i},_validate:function(t,e,r,i){var a=n.baseCalendar.prototype._validate.apply(this,arguments);if(a.year<1276||a.year>1500)throw i.replace(/\{0\}/,this.local.name);return a}}),n.calendars.ummalqura=a;var 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n=t("object-assign");function i(){this.regionalOptions=[],this.regionalOptions[""]={invalidCalendar:"Calendar {0} not found",invalidDate:"Invalid {0} date",invalidMonth:"Invalid {0} month",invalidYear:"Invalid {0} year",differentCalendars:"Cannot mix {0} and {1} dates"},this.local=this.regionalOptions[""],this.calendars={},this._localCals={}}function a(t,e,r,n){if(this._calendar=t,this._year=e,this._month=r,this._day=n,0===this._calendar._validateLevel&&!this._calendar.isValid(this._year,this._month,this._day))throw(c.local.invalidDate||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidDate).replace(/\{0\}/,this._calendar.local.name)}function o(t,e){return"000000".substring(0,e-(t=""+t).length)+t}function s(){this.shortYearCutoff="+10"}function l(t){this.local=this.regionalOptions[t]||this.regionalOptions[""]}n(i.prototype,{instance:function(t,e){t=(t||"gregorian").toLowerCase(),e=e||"";var r=this._localCals[t+"-"+e];if(!r&&this.calendars[t]&&(r=new this.calendars[t](e),this._localCals[t+"-"+e]=r),!r)throw(this.local.invalidCalendar||this.regionalOptions[""].invalidCalendar).replace(/\{0\}/,t);return r},newDate:function(t,e,r,n,i){return(n=(null!=t&&t.year?t.calendar():"string"==typeof n?this.instance(n,i):n)||this.instance()).newDate(t,e,r)},substituteDigits:function(t){return function(e){return(e+"").replace(/[0-9]/g,(function(e){return t[e]}))}},substituteChineseDigits:function(t,e){return function(r){for(var n="",i=0;r>0;){var a=r%10;n=(0===a?"":t[a]+e[i])+n,i++,r=Math.floor(r/10)}return 0===n.indexOf(t[1]+e[1])&&(n=n.substr(1)),n||t[0]}}}),n(a.prototype,{newDate:function(t,e,r){return this._calendar.newDate(null==t?this:t,e,r)},year:function(t){return 0===arguments.length?this._year:this.set(t,"y")},month:function(t){return 0===arguments.length?this._month:this.set(t,"m")},day:function(t){return 0===arguments.length?this._day:this.set(t,"d")},date:function(t,e,r){if(!this._calendar.isValid(t,e,r))throw(c.local.invalidDate||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidDate).replace(/\{0\}/,this._calendar.local.name);return this._year=t,this._month=e,this._day=r,this},leapYear:function(){return this._calendar.leapYear(this)},epoch:function(){return this._calendar.epoch(this)},formatYear:function(){return this._calendar.formatYear(this)},monthOfYear:function(){return this._calendar.monthOfYear(this)},weekOfYear:function(){return this._calendar.weekOfYear(this)},daysInYear:function(){return this._calendar.daysInYear(this)},dayOfYear:function(){return this._calendar.dayOfYear(this)},daysInMonth:function(){return this._calendar.daysInMonth(this)},dayOfWeek:function(){return this._calendar.dayOfWeek(this)},weekDay:function(){return this._calendar.weekDay(this)},extraInfo:function(){return this._calendar.extraInfo(this)},add:function(t,e){return this._calendar.add(this,t,e)},set:function(t,e){return this._calendar.set(this,t,e)},compareTo:function(t){if(this._calendar.name!==t._calendar.name)throw(c.local.differentCalendars||c.regionalOptions[""].differentCalendars).replace(/\{0\}/,this._calendar.local.name).replace(/\{1\}/,t._calendar.local.name);var e=this._year!==t._year?this._year-t._year:this._month!==t._month?this.monthOfYear()-t.monthOfYear():this._day-t._day;return 0===e?0:e<0?-1:1},calendar:function(){return this._calendar},toJD:function(){return this._calendar.toJD(this)},fromJD:function(t){return this._calendar.fromJD(t)},toJSDate:function(){return this._calendar.toJSDate(this)},fromJSDate:function(t){return this._calendar.fromJSDate(t)},toString:function(){return(this.year()<0?"-":"")+o(Math.abs(this.year()),4)+"-"+o(this.month(),2)+"-"+o(this.day(),2)}}),n(s.prototype,{_validateLevel:0,newDate:function(t,e,r){return null==t?this.today():(t.year&&(this._validate(t,e,r,c.local.invalidDate||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidDate),r=t.day(),e=t.month(),t=t.year()),new a(this,t,e,r))},today:function(){return this.fromJSDate(new Date)},epoch:function(t){return this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,c.local.invalidYear||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidYear).year()<0?this.local.epochs[0]:this.local.epochs[1]},formatYear:function(t){var e=this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,c.local.invalidYear||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidYear);return(e.year()<0?"-":"")+o(Math.abs(e.year()),4)},monthsInYear:function(t){return this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,c.local.invalidYear||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidYear),12},monthOfYear:function(t,e){var r=this._validate(t,e,this.minDay,c.local.invalidMonth||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidMonth);return(r.month()+this.monthsInYear(r)-this.firstMonth)%this.monthsInYear(r)+this.minMonth},fromMonthOfYear:function(t,e){var r=(e+this.firstMonth-2*this.minMonth)%this.monthsInYear(t)+this.minMonth;return this._validate(t,r,this.minDay,c.local.invalidMonth||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidMonth),r},daysInYear:function(t){var e=this._validate(t,this.minMonth,this.minDay,c.local.invalidYear||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidYear);return this.leapYear(e)?366:365},dayOfYear:function(t,e,r){var n=this._validate(t,e,r,c.local.invalidDate||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidDate);return n.toJD()-this.newDate(n.year(),this.fromMonthOfYear(n.year(),this.minMonth),this.minDay).toJD()+1},daysInWeek:function(){return 7},dayOfWeek:function(t,e,r){var n=this._validate(t,e,r,c.local.invalidDate||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidDate);return(Math.floor(this.toJD(n))+2)%this.daysInWeek()},extraInfo:function(t,e,r){return this._validate(t,e,r,c.local.invalidDate||c.regionalOptions[""].invalidDate),{}},add:function(t,e,r){return 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":r._dfltTitle.annotation),a("textangle"),n.coerceFont(a,"font",r.font),a("width"),a("align"),a("height")&&a("valign"),u){var f,h,p=a("arrowside");-1!==p.indexOf("end")&&(f=a("arrowhead"),h=a("arrowsize")),-1!==p.indexOf("start")&&(a("startarrowhead",f),a("startarrowsize",h)),a("arrowcolor",l?e.bordercolor:i.defaultLine),a("arrowwidth",2*(l&&c||1)),a("standoff"),a("startstandoff")}var d=a("hovertext"),m=r.hoverlabel||{};if(d){var g=a("hoverlabel.bgcolor",m.bgcolor||(i.opacity(o)?i.rgb(o):i.defaultLine)),v=a("hoverlabel.bordercolor",m.bordercolor||i.contrast(g));n.coerceFont(a,"hoverlabel.font",{family:m.font.family,size:m.font.size,color:m.font.color||v})}a("captureevents",!!d)}},{"../../lib":515,"../color":367}],354:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("fast-isnumeric"),i=t("../../lib/to_log_range");e.exports=function(t,e,r,a){e=e||{};var o="log"===r&&"linear"===e.type,s="linear"===r&&"log"===e.type;if(o||s)for(var l,c,u=t._fullLayout.annotations,f=e._id.charAt(0),h=0;h<u.length;h++)l=u[h],c="annotations["+h+"].",l[f+"ref"]===e._id&&p(f),l["a"+f+"ref"]===e._id&&p("a"+f);function p(t){var r=l[t],s=null;s=o?i(r,e.range):Math.pow(10,r),n(s)||(s=null),a(c+t,s)}}},{"../../lib/to_log_range":543,"fast-isnumeric":190}],355:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib"),i=t("../../plots/cartesian/axes"),a=t("../../plots/array_container_defaults"),o=t("./common_defaults"),s=t("./attributes");function l(t,e,r){function a(r,i){return n.coerce(t,e,s,r,i)}var l=a("visible"),c=a("clicktoshow");if(l||c){o(t,e,r,a);for(var u=e.showarrow,f=["x","y"],h=[-10,-30],p={_fullLayout:r},d=0;d<2;d++){var m=f[d],g=i.coerceRef(t,e,p,m,"","paper");if("paper"!==g)i.getFromId(p,g)._annIndices.push(e._index);if(i.coercePosition(e,p,a,g,m,.5),u){var v="a"+m,y=i.coerceRef(t,e,p,v,"pixel",["pixel","paper"]);"pixel"!==y&&y!==g&&(y=e[v]="pixel");var x="pixel"===y?h[d]:.4;i.coercePosition(e,p,a,y,v,x)}a(m+"anchor"),a(m+"shift")}if(n.noneOrAll(t,e,["x","y"]),u&&n.noneOrAll(t,e,["ax","ay"]),c){var b=a("xclick"),_=a("yclick");e._xclick=void 0===b?e.x:i.cleanPosition(b,p,e.xref),e._yclick=void 0===_?e.y:i.cleanPosition(_,p,e.yref)}}}e.exports=function(t,e){a(t,e,{name:"annotations",handleItemDefaults:l})}},{"../../lib":515,"../../plots/array_container_defaults":561,"../../plots/cartesian/axes":566,"./attributes":350,"./common_defaults":353}],356:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("../../registry"),a=t("../../plots/plots"),o=t("../../lib"),s=o.strTranslate,l=t("../../plots/cartesian/axes"),c=t("../color"),u=t("../drawing"),f=t("../fx"),h=t("../../lib/svg_text_utils"),p=t("../../lib/setcursor"),d=t("../dragelement"),m=t("../../plot_api/plot_template").arrayEditor,g=t("./draw_arrow_head");function v(t,e){var r=t._fullLayout.annotations[e]||{},n=l.getFromId(t,r.xref),i=l.getFromId(t,r.yref);n&&n.setScale(),i&&i.setScale(),x(t,r,e,!1,n,i)}function y(t,e,r,n,i){var a=i[r],o=i[r+"ref"],s=-1!==r.indexOf("y"),c="domain"===l.getRefType(o),u=s?n.h:n.w;return t?c?a+(s?-e:e)/t._length:t.p2r(t.r2p(a)+e):a+(s?-e:e)/u}function x(t,e,r,a,v,x){var b,_,w=t._fullLayout,T=t._fullLayout._size,k=t._context.edits;a?(b="annotation-"+a,_=a+".annotations"):(b="annotation",_="annotations");var A=m(t.layout,_,e),M=A.modifyBase,S=A.modifyItem,E=A.getUpdateObj;w._infolayer.selectAll("."+b+'[data-index="'+r+'"]').remove();var L="clip"+w._uid+"_ann"+r;if(e._input&&!1!==e.visible){var C={x:{},y:{}},P=+e.textangle||0,I=w._infolayer.append("g").classed(b,!0).attr("data-index",String(r)).style("opacity",e.opacity),O=I.append("g").classed("annotation-text-g",!0),z=k[e.showarrow?"annotationTail":"annotationPosition"],D=e.captureevents||k.annotationText||z,R=O.append("g").style("pointer-events",D?"all":null).call(p,"pointer").on("click",(function(){t._dragging=!1,t.emit("plotly_clickannotation",Y(n.event))}));e.hovertext&&R.on("mouseover",(function(){var r=e.hoverlabel,n=r.font,i=this.getBoundingClientRect(),a=t.getBoundingClientRect();f.loneHover({x0:i.left-a.left,x1:i.right-a.left,y:(i.top+i.bottom)/2-a.top,text:e.hovertext,color:r.bgcolor,borderColor:r.bordercolor,fontFamily:n.family,fontSize:n.size,fontColor:n.color},{container:w._hoverlayer.node(),outerContainer:w._paper.node(),gd:t})})).on("mouseout",(function(){f.loneUnhover(w._hoverlayer.node())}));var F=e.borderwidth,B=e.borderpad,N=F+B,j=R.append("rect").attr("class","bg").style("stroke-width",F+"px").call(c.stroke,e.bordercolor).call(c.fill,e.bgcolor),U=e.width||e.height,V=w._topclips.selectAll("#"+L).data(U?[0]:[]);V.enter().append("clipPath").classed("annclip",!0).attr("id",L).append("rect"),V.exit().remove();var H=e.font,q=w._meta?o.templateString(e.text,w._meta):e.text,G=R.append("text").classed("annotation-text",!0).text(q);k.annotationText?G.call(h.makeEditable,{delegate:R,gd:t}).call(W).on("edit",(function(r){e.text=r,this.call(W),S("text",r),v&&v.autorange&&M(v._name+".autorange",!0),x&&x.autorange&&M(x._name+".autorange",!0),i.call("_guiRelayout",t,E())})):G.call(W)}else n.selectAll("#"+L).remove();function Y(t){var n={index:r,annotation:e._input,fullAnnotation:e,event:t};return a&&(n.subplotId=a),n}function W(r){return r.call(u.font,H).attr({"text-anchor":{left:"start",right:"end"}[e.align]||"middle"}),h.convertToTspans(r,t,Z),r}function Z(){var r=G.selectAll("a");1===r.size()&&r.text()===G.text()&&R.insert("a",":first-child").attr({"xlink:xlink:href":r.attr("xlink:href"),"xlink:xlink:show":r.attr("xlink:show")}).style({cursor:"pointer"}).node().appendChild(j.node());var n=R.select(".annotation-text-math-group"),f=!n.empty(),m=u.bBox((f?n:G).node()),b=m.width,_=m.height,A=e.width||b,D=e.height||_,B=Math.round(A+2*N),H=Math.round(D+2*N);function q(t,e){return"auto"===e&&(e=t<1/3?"left":t>2/3?"right":"center"),{center:0,middle:0,left:.5,bottom:-.5,right:-.5,top:.5}[e]}for(var W=!1,Z=["x","y"],X=0;X<Z.length;X++){var J,K,Q,$,tt,et=Z[X],rt=e[et+"ref"]||et,nt=e["a"+et+"ref"],it={x:v,y:x}[et],at=(P+("x"===et?0:-90))*Math.PI/180,ot=B*Math.cos(at),st=H*Math.sin(at),lt=Math.abs(ot)+Math.abs(st),ct=e[et+"anchor"],ut=e[et+"shift"]*("x"===et?1:-1),ft=C[et],ht=l.getRefType(rt);if(it&&"domain"!==ht){var pt=it.r2fraction(e[et]);(pt<0||pt>1)&&(nt===rt?((pt=it.r2fraction(e["a"+et]))<0||pt>1)&&(W=!0):W=!0),J=it._offset+it.r2p(e[et]),$=.5}else{var dt="domain"===ht;"x"===et?(Q=e[et],J=dt?it._offset+it._length*Q:J=T.l+T.w*Q):(Q=1-e[et],J=dt?it._offset+it._length*Q:J=T.t+T.h*Q),$=e.showarrow?.5:Q}if(e.showarrow){ft.head=J;var mt=e["a"+et];if(tt=ot*q(.5,e.xanchor)-st*q(.5,e.yanchor),nt===rt){var gt=l.getRefType(nt);"domain"===gt?("y"===et&&(mt=1-mt),ft.tail=it._offset+it._length*mt):"paper"===gt?"y"===et?(mt=1-mt,ft.tail=T.t+T.h*mt):ft.tail=T.l+T.w*mt:ft.tail=it._offset+it.r2p(mt),K=tt}else ft.tail=J+mt,K=tt+mt;ft.text=ft.tail+tt;var vt=w["x"===et?"width":"height"];if("paper"===rt&&(ft.head=o.constrain(ft.head,1,vt-1)),"pixel"===nt){var yt=-Math.max(ft.tail-3,ft.text),xt=Math.min(ft.tail+3,ft.text)-vt;yt>0?(ft.tail+=yt,ft.text+=yt):xt>0&&(ft.tail-=xt,ft.text-=xt)}ft.tail+=ut,ft.head+=ut}else K=tt=lt*q($,ct),ft.text=J+tt;ft.text+=ut,tt+=ut,K+=ut,e["_"+et+"padplus"]=lt/2+K,e["_"+et+"padminus"]=lt/2-K,e["_"+et+"size"]=lt,e["_"+et+"shift"]=tt}if(W)R.remove();else{var bt=0,_t=0;if("left"!==e.align&&(bt=(A-b)*("center"===e.align?.5:1)),"top"!==e.valign&&(_t=(D-_)*("middle"===e.valign?.5:1)),f)n.select("svg").attr({x:N+bt-1,y:N+_t}).call(u.setClipUrl,U?L:null,t);else{var wt=N+_t-m.top,Tt=N+bt-m.left;G.call(h.positionText,Tt,wt).call(u.setClipUrl,U?L:null,t)}V.select("rect").call(u.setRect,N,N,A,D),j.call(u.setRect,F/2,F/2,B-F,H-F),R.call(u.setTranslate,Math.round(C.x.text-B/2),Math.round(C.y.text-H/2)),O.attr({transform:"rotate("+P+","+C.x.text+","+C.y.text+")"});var kt,At=function(r,n){I.selectAll(".annotation-arrow-g").remove();var l=C.x.head,f=C.y.head,h=C.x.tail+r,p=C.y.tail+n,m=C.x.text+r,b=C.y.text+n,_=o.rotationXYMatrix(P,m,b),w=o.apply2DTransform(_),A=o.apply2DTransform2(_),L=+j.attr("width"),z=+j.attr("height"),D=m-.5*L,F=D+L,B=b-.5*z,N=B+z,U=[[D,B,D,N],[D,N,F,N],[F,N,F,B],[F,B,D,B]].map(A);if(!U.reduce((function(t,e){return t^!!o.segmentsIntersect(l,f,l+1e6,f+1e6,e[0],e[1],e[2],e[3])}),!1)){U.forEach((function(t){var e=o.segmentsIntersect(h,p,l,f,t[0],t[1],t[2],t[3]);e&&(h=e.x,p=e.y)}));var V=e.arrowwidth,H=e.arrowcolor,q=e.arrowside,G=I.append("g").style({opacity:c.opacity(H)}).classed("annotation-arrow-g",!0),Y=G.append("path").attr("d","M"+h+","+p+"L"+l+","+f).style("stroke-width",V+"px").call(c.stroke,c.rgb(H));if(g(Y,q,e),k.annotationPosition&&Y.node().parentNode&&!a){var W=l,Z=f;if(e.standoff){var X=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(l-h,2)+Math.pow(f-p,2));W+=e.standoff*(h-l)/X,Z+=e.standoff*(p-f)/X}var J,K,Q=G.append("path").classed("annotation-arrow",!0).classed("anndrag",!0).classed("cursor-move",!0).attr({d:"M3,3H-3V-3H3ZM0,0L"+(h-W)+","+(p-Z),transform:s(W,Z)}).style("stroke-width",V+6+"px").call(c.stroke,"rgba(0,0,0,0)").call(c.fill,"rgba(0,0,0,0)");d.init({element:Q.node(),gd:t,prepFn:function(){var t=u.getTranslate(R);J=t.x,K=t.y,v&&v.autorange&&M(v._name+".autorange",!0),x&&x.autorange&&M(x._name+".autorange",!0)},moveFn:function(t,r){var n=w(J,K),i=n[0]+t,a=n[1]+r;R.call(u.setTranslate,i,a),S("x",y(v,t,"x",T,e)),S("y",y(x,r,"y",T,e)),e.axref===e.xref&&S("ax",y(v,t,"ax",T,e)),e.ayref===e.yref&&S("ay",y(x,r,"ay",T,e)),G.attr("transform",s(t,r)),O.attr({transform:"rotate("+P+","+i+","+a+")"})},doneFn:function(){i.call("_guiRelayout",t,E());var e=document.querySelector(".js-notes-box-panel");e&&e.redraw(e.selectedObj)}})}}};if(e.showarrow&&At(0,0),z)d.init({element:R.node(),gd:t,prepFn:function(){kt=O.attr("transform")},moveFn:function(t,r){var n="pointer";if(e.showarrow)e.axref===e.xref?S("ax",y(v,t,"ax",T,e)):S("ax",e.ax+t),e.ayref===e.yref?S("ay",y(x,r,"ay",T.w,e)):S("ay",e.ay+r),At(t,r);else{if(a)return;var i,o;if(v)i=y(v,t,"x",T,e);else{var l=e._xsize/T.w,c=e.x+(e._xshift-e.xshift)/T.w-l/2;i=d.align(c+t/T.w,l,0,1,e.xanchor)}if(x)o=y(x,r,"y",T,e);else{var u=e._ysize/T.h,f=e.y-(e._yshift+e.yshift)/T.h-u/2;o=d.align(f-r/T.h,u,0,1,e.yanchor)}S("x",i),S("y",o),v&&x||(n=d.getCursor(v?.5:i,x?.5:o,e.xanchor,e.yanchor))}O.attr({transform:s(t,r)+kt}),p(R,n)},clickFn:function(r,n){e.captureevents&&t.emit("plotly_clickannotation",Y(n))},doneFn:function(){p(R),i.call("_guiRelayout",t,E());var e=document.querySelector(".js-notes-box-panel");e&&e.redraw(e.selectedObj)}})}}}e.exports={draw:function(t){var e=t._fullLayout;e._infolayer.selectAll(".annotation").remove();for(var r=0;r<e.annotations.length;r++)e.annotations[r].visible&&v(t,r);return a.previousPromises(t)},drawOne:v,drawRaw:x}},{"../../lib":515,"../../lib/setcursor":536,"../../lib/svg_text_utils":541,"../../plot_api/plot_template":555,"../../plots/cartesian/axes":566,"../../plots/plots":628,"../../registry":647,"../color":367,"../dragelement":386,"../drawing":389,"../fx":407,"./draw_arrow_head":357,"@plotly/d3":58}],357:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("../color"),a=t("./arrow_paths"),o=t("../../lib"),s=o.strScale,l=o.strRotate,c=o.strTranslate;e.exports=function(t,e,r){var o,u,f,h,p=t.node(),d=a[r.arrowhead||0],m=a[r.startarrowhead||0],g=(r.arrowwidth||1)*(r.arrowsize||1),v=(r.arrowwidth||1)*(r.startarrowsize||1),y=e.indexOf("start")>=0,x=e.indexOf("end")>=0,b=d.backoff*g+r.standoff,_=m.backoff*v+r.startstandoff;if("line"===p.nodeName){o={x:+t.attr("x1"),y:+t.attr("y1")},u={x:+t.attr("x2"),y:+t.attr("y2")};var w=o.x-u.x,T=o.y-u.y;if(h=(f=Math.atan2(T,w))+Math.PI,b&&_&&b+_>Math.sqrt(w*w+T*T))return void z();if(b){if(b*b>w*w+T*T)return void z();var k=b*Math.cos(f),A=b*Math.sin(f);u.x+=k,u.y+=A,t.attr({x2:u.x,y2:u.y})}if(_){if(_*_>w*w+T*T)return void z();var M=_*Math.cos(f),S=_*Math.sin(f);o.x-=M,o.y-=S,t.attr({x1:o.x,y1:o.y})}}else if("path"===p.nodeName){var E=p.getTotalLength(),L="";if(E<b+_)return void z();var C=p.getPointAtLength(0),P=p.getPointAtLength(.1);f=Math.atan2(C.y-P.y,C.x-P.x),o=p.getPointAtLength(Math.min(_,E)),L="0px,"+_+"px,";var I=p.getPointAtLength(E),O=p.getPointAtLength(E-.1);h=Math.atan2(I.y-O.y,I.x-O.x),u=p.getPointAtLength(Math.max(0,E-b)),L+=E-(L?_+b:b)+"px,"+E+"px",t.style("stroke-dasharray",L)}function z(){t.style("stroke-dasharray","0px,100px")}function D(e,a,o,u){e.path&&(e.noRotate&&(o=0),n.select(p.parentNode).append("path").attr({class:t.attr("class"),d:e.path,transform:c(a.x,a.y)+l(180*o/Math.PI)+s(u)}).style({fill:i.rgb(r.arrowcolor),"stroke-width":0}))}y&&D(m,o,f,v),x&&D(d,u,h,g)}},{"../../lib":515,"../color":367,"./arrow_paths":349,"@plotly/d3":58}],358:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("./draw"),i=t("./click");e.exports={moduleType:"component",name:"annotations",layoutAttributes:t("./attributes"),supplyLayoutDefaults:t("./defaults"),includeBasePlot:t("../../plots/cartesian/include_components")("annotations"),calcAutorange:t("./calc_autorange"),draw:n.draw,drawOne:n.drawOne,drawRaw:n.drawRaw,hasClickToShow:i.hasClickToShow,onClick:i.onClick,convertCoords:t("./convert_coords")}},{"../../plots/cartesian/include_components":577,"./attributes":350,"./calc_autorange":351,"./click":352,"./convert_coords":354,"./defaults":355,"./draw":356}],359:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../annotations/attributes"),i=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll,a=t("../../plot_api/plot_template").templatedArray;e.exports=i(a("annotation",{visible:n.visible,x:{valType:"any"},y:{valType:"any"},z:{valType:"any"},ax:{valType:"number"},ay:{valType:"number"},xanchor:n.xanchor,xshift:n.xshift,yanchor:n.yanchor,yshift:n.yshift,text:n.text,textangle:n.textangle,font:n.font,width:n.width,height:n.height,opacity:n.opacity,align:n.align,valign:n.valign,bgcolor:n.bgcolor,bordercolor:n.bordercolor,borderpad:n.borderpad,borderwidth:n.borderwidth,showarrow:n.showarrow,arrowcolor:n.arrowcolor,arrowhead:n.arrowhead,startarrowhead:n.startarrowhead,arrowside:n.arrowside,arrowsize:n.arrowsize,startarrowsize:n.startarrowsize,arrowwidth:n.arrowwidth,standoff:n.standoff,startstandoff:n.startstandoff,hovertext:n.hovertext,hoverlabel:n.hoverlabel,captureevents:n.captureevents}),"calc","from-root")},{"../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../../plot_api/plot_template":555,"../annotations/attributes":350}],360:[function(t,e,r){"use 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V,H,q,G,Y,W,Z,X,J,K,Q,$,tt,et=[],rt=[],nt={hLinePoint:null,vLinePoint:null},it=!1;if(Array.isArray(e))for(P="array",q=0;q<e.length;q++)(Y=t.calcdata[e[q].curveNumber||0])&&(W=Y[0].trace,"skip"!==Y[0].trace.hoverinfo&&(rt.push(Y),"h"===W.orientation&&(it=!0)));else{for(G=0;G<t.calcdata.length;G++)Y=t.calcdata[G],"skip"!==(W=Y[0].trace).hoverinfo&&v.isTraceInSubplots(W,l)&&(rt.push(Y),"h"===W.orientation&&(it=!0));var at,ot;if(!s)at="xpx"in e?e.xpx:_[0]._length/2,ot="ypx"in e?e.ypx:w[0]._length/2;else{if(!1===c.triggerHandler(t,"plotly_beforehover",e))return;var st=s.getBoundingClientRect();at=e.clientX-st.left,ot=e.clientY-st.top,u._calcInverseTransform(t);var lt=o.apply3DTransform(u._invTransform)(at,ot);if(at=lt[0],ot=lt[1],at<0||at>_[0]._length||ot<0||ot>w[0]._length)return d.unhoverRaw(t,e)}if(e.pointerX=at+_[0]._offset,e.pointerY=ot+w[0]._offset,V="xval"in e?v.flat(l,e.xval):v.p2c(_,at),H="yval"in e?v.flat(l,e.yval):v.p2c(w,ot),!i(V[0])||!i(H[0]))return o.warn("Fx.hover failed",e,t),d.unhoverRaw(t,e)}var ct=1/0;function ut(t,r){for(G=0;G<rt.length;G++)if((Y=rt[G])&&Y[0]&&Y[0].trace&&!0===(W=Y[0].trace).visible&&0!==W._length&&-1===["carpet","contourcarpet"].indexOf(W._module.name)){if("splom"===W.type?Z=l[X=0]:(Z=v.getSubplot(W),X=l.indexOf(Z)),J=P,v.isUnifiedHover(J)&&(J=J.charAt(0)),$={cd:Y,trace:W,xa:_[X],ya:w[X],maxHoverDistance:O,maxSpikeDistance:B,index:!1,distance:Math.min(ct,O),spikeDistance:1/0,xSpike:void 0,ySpike:void 0,color:p.defaultLine,name:W.name,x0:void 0,x1:void 0,y0:void 0,y1:void 0,xLabelVal:void 0,yLabelVal:void 0,zLabelVal:void 0,text:void 0},u[Z]&&($.subplot=u[Z]._subplot),u._splomScenes&&u._splomScenes[W.uid]&&($.scene=u._splomScenes[W.uid]),tt=et.length,"array"===J){var n=e[G];"pointNumber"in n?($.index=n.pointNumber,J="closest"):(J="","xval"in n&&(K=n.xval,J="x"),"yval"in n&&(Q=n.yval,J=J?"closest":"y"))}else void 0!==t&&void 0!==r?(K=t,Q=r):(K=V[X],Q=H[X]);if(0!==O)if(W._module&&W._module.hoverPoints){var a=W._module.hoverPoints($,K,Q,J,{finiteRange:!0,hoverLayer:u._hoverlayer});if(a)for(var s,c=0;c<a.length;c++)s=a[c],i(s.x0)&&i(s.y0)&&et.push(D(s,P))}else o.log("Unrecognized trace type in hover:",W);if("closest"===P&&et.length>tt&&(et.splice(0,tt),ct=et[0].distance),y&&0!==B&&0===et.length){$.distance=B,$.index=!1;var f=W._module.hoverPoints($,K,Q,"closest",{hoverLayer:u._hoverlayer});if(f&&(f=f.filter((function(t){return t.spikeDistance<=B}))),f&&f.length){var h,d=f.filter((function(t){return t.xa.showspikes&&"hovered data"!==t.xa.spikesnap}));if(d.length){var m=d[0];i(m.x0)&&i(m.y0)&&(h=ht(m),(!nt.vLinePoint||nt.vLinePoint.spikeDistance>h.spikeDistance)&&(nt.vLinePoint=h))}var g=f.filter((function(t){return t.ya.showspikes&&"hovered data"!==t.ya.spikesnap}));if(g.length){var x=g[0];i(x.x0)&&i(x.y0)&&(h=ht(x),(!nt.hLinePoint||nt.hLinePoint.spikeDistance>h.spikeDistance)&&(nt.hLinePoint=h))}}}}}function ft(t,e,r){for(var n,i=null,a=1/0,o=0;o<t.length;o++)n=t[o].spikeDistance,r&&0===o&&(n=-1/0),n<=a&&n<=e&&(i=t[o],a=n);return i}function ht(t){return t?{xa:t.xa,ya:t.ya,x:void 0!==t.xSpike?t.xSpike:(t.x0+t.x1)/2,y:void 0!==t.ySpike?t.ySpike:(t.y0+t.y1)/2,distance:t.distance,spikeDistance:t.spikeDistance,curveNumber:t.trace.index,color:t.color,pointNumber:t.index}:null}ut();var pt={fullLayout:u,container:u._hoverlayer,event:e},dt=t._spikepoints,mt={vLinePoint:nt.vLinePoint,hLinePoint:nt.hLinePoint};t._spikepoints=mt;var gt=function(){et.sort((function(t,e){return t.distance-e.distance})),et=function(t,e){for(var r=e.charAt(0),n=[],i=[],a=[],o=0;o<t.length;o++){var s=t[o];g.traceIs(s.trace,"bar-like")||g.traceIs(s.trace,"box-violin")?a.push(s):s.trace[r+"period"]?i.push(s):n.push(s)}return n.concat(i).concat(a)}(et,P)};gt();var vt=P.charAt(0),yt=("x"===vt||"y"===vt)&&et[0]&&L[et[0].trace.type];if(y&&0!==B&&0!==et.length){var xt=ft(et.filter((function(t){return t.ya.showspikes})),B,yt);nt.hLinePoint=ht(xt);var bt=ft(et.filter((function(t){return t.xa.showspikes})),B,yt);nt.vLinePoint=ht(bt)}if(0===et.length){var _t=d.unhoverRaw(t,e);return!y||null===nt.hLinePoint&&null===nt.vLinePoint||F(dt)&&R(t,nt,pt),_t}y&&F(dt)&&R(t,nt,pt);if(v.isXYhover(J)&&0!==et[0].length&&"splom"!==et[0].trace.type){var wt=et[0],Tt=(et=E[wt.trace.type]?et.filter((function(t){return t.trace.index===wt.trace.index})):[wt]).length,kt=N("x",wt,u),At=N("y",wt,u);ut(kt,At);var Mt,St=[],Et={},Lt=0,Ct=function(t){var e=E[t.trace.type]?C(t):t.trace.index;if(Et[e]){var r=Et[e]-1,n=St[r];r>0&&Math.abs(t.distance)<Math.abs(n.distance)&&(St[r]=t)}else Lt++,Et[e]=Lt,St.push(t)};for(Mt=0;Mt<Tt;Mt++)Ct(et[Mt]);for(Mt=et.length-1;Mt>Tt-1;Mt--)Ct(et[Mt]);et=St,gt()}var Pt=t._hoverdata,It=[],Ot=j(t),zt=U(t);for(q=0;q<et.length;q++){var Dt=et[q],Rt=v.makeEventData(Dt,Dt.trace,Dt.cd);if(!1!==Dt.hovertemplate){var Ft=!1;Dt.cd[Dt.index]&&Dt.cd[Dt.index].ht&&(Ft=Dt.cd[Dt.index].ht),Dt.hovertemplate=Ft||Dt.trace.hovertemplate||!1}if(Dt.xa&&Dt.ya){var Bt=Dt.x0+Dt.xa._offset,Nt=Dt.x1+Dt.xa._offset,jt=Dt.y0+Dt.ya._offset,Ut=Dt.y1+Dt.ya._offset,Vt=Math.min(Bt,Nt),Ht=Math.max(Bt,Nt),qt=Math.min(jt,Ut),Gt=Math.max(jt,Ut);Rt.bbox={x0:Vt+zt,x1:Ht+zt,y0:qt+Ot,y1:Gt+Ot}}Dt.eventData=[Rt],It.push(Rt)}t._hoverdata=It;var Yt="y"===P&&(rt.length>1||et.length>1)||"closest"===P&&it&&et.length>1,Wt=p.combine(u.plot_bgcolor||p.background,u.paper_bgcolor),Zt=I(et,{gd:t,hovermode:P,rotateLabels:Yt,bgColor:Wt,container:u._hoverlayer,outerContainer:u._paper.node(),commonLabelOpts:u.hoverlabel,hoverdistance:u.hoverdistance});v.isUnifiedHover(P)||(!function(t,e,r){var n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u=0,f=1,h=t.size(),p=new Array(h),d=0;function m(t){var e=t[0],r=t[t.length-1];if(i=e.pmin-e.pos-e.dp+e.size,a=r.pos+r.dp+r.size-e.pmax,i>.01){for(s=t.length-1;s>=0;s--)t[s].dp+=i;n=!1}if(!(a<.01)){if(i<-.01){for(s=t.length-1;s>=0;s--)t[s].dp-=a;n=!1}if(n){var c=0;for(o=0;o<t.length;o++)(l=t[o]).pos+l.dp+l.size>e.pmax&&c++;for(o=t.length-1;o>=0&&!(c<=0);o--)(l=t[o]).pos>e.pmax-1&&(l.del=!0,c--);for(o=0;o<t.length&&!(c<=0);o++)if((l=t[o]).pos<e.pmin+1)for(l.del=!0,c--,a=2*l.size,s=t.length-1;s>=0;s--)t[s].dp-=a;for(o=t.length-1;o>=0&&!(c<=0);o--)(l=t[o]).pos+l.dp+l.size>e.pmax&&(l.del=!0,c--)}}}t.each((function(t){var n=t[e],i="x"===n._id.charAt(0),a=n.range;0===d&&a&&a[0]>a[1]!==i&&(f=-1),p[d++]=[{datum:t,traceIndex:t.trace.index,dp:0,pos:t.pos,posref:t.posref,size:t.by*(i?T:1)/2,pmin:0,pmax:i?r.width:r.height}]})),p.sort((function(t,e){return t[0].posref-e[0].posref||f*(e[0].traceIndex-t[0].traceIndex)}));for(;!n&&u<=h;){for(u++,n=!0,o=0;o<p.length-1;){var g=p[o],v=p[o+1],y=g[g.length-1],x=v[0];if((i=y.pos+y.dp+y.size-x.pos-x.dp+x.size)>.01&&y.pmin===x.pmin&&y.pmax===x.pmax){for(s=v.length-1;s>=0;s--)v[s].dp+=i;for(g.push.apply(g,v),p.splice(o+1,1),c=0,s=g.length-1;s>=0;s--)c+=g[s].dp;for(a=c/g.length,s=g.length-1;s>=0;s--)g[s].dp-=a;n=!1}else o++}p.forEach(m)}for(o=p.length-1;o>=0;o--){var b=p[o];for(s=b.length-1;s>=0;s--){var _=b[s],w=_.datum;w.offset=_.dp,w.del=_.del}}}(Zt,Yt?"xa":"ya",u),z(Zt,Yt,u._invScaleX,u._invScaleY));if(s&&s.tagName){var Xt=g.getComponentMethod("annotations","hasClickToShow")(t,It);f(n.select(s),Xt?"pointer":"")}if(!s||a||!function(t,e,r){if(!r||r.length!==t._hoverdata.length)return!0;for(var n=r.length-1;n>=0;n--){var i=r[n],a=t._hoverdata[n];if(i.curveNumber!==a.curveNumber||String(i.pointNumber)!==String(a.pointNumber)||String(i.pointNumbers)!==String(a.pointNumbers))return!0}return!1}(t,0,Pt))return;Pt&&t.emit("plotly_unhover",{event:e,points:Pt});t.emit("plotly_hover",{event:e,points:t._hoverdata,xaxes:_,yaxes:w,xvals:V,yvals:H})}(t,e,r,a,s)}))},r.loneHover=function(t,e){var r=!0;Array.isArray(t)||(r=!1,t=[t]);var i=e.gd,a=j(i),o=U(i),s=I(t.map((function(t){var r=t._x0||t.x0||t.x||0,n=t._x1||t.x1||t.x||0,s=t._y0||t.y0||t.y||0,l=t._y1||t.y1||t.y||0,c=t.eventData;if(c){var u=Math.min(r,n),f=Math.max(r,n),h=Math.min(s,l),d=Math.max(s,l),m=t.trace;if(g.traceIs(m,"gl3d")){var v=i._fullLayout[m.scene]._scene.container,y=v.offsetLeft,x=v.offsetTop;u+=y,f+=y,h+=x,d+=x}c.bbox={x0:u+o,x1:f+o,y0:h+a,y1:d+a},e.inOut_bbox&&e.inOut_bbox.push(c.bbox)}else c=!1;return{color:t.color||p.defaultLine,x0:t.x0||t.x||0,x1:t.x1||t.x||0,y0:t.y0||t.y||0,y1:t.y1||t.y||0,xLabel:t.xLabel,yLabel:t.yLabel,zLabel:t.zLabel,text:t.text,name:t.name,idealAlign:t.idealAlign,borderColor:t.borderColor,fontFamily:t.fontFamily,fontSize:t.fontSize,fontColor:t.fontColor,nameLength:t.nameLength,textAlign:t.textAlign,trace:t.trace||{index:0,hoverinfo:""},xa:{_offset:0},ya:{_offset:0},index:0,hovertemplate:t.hovertemplate||!1,hovertemplateLabels:t.hovertemplateLabels||!1,eventData:c}})),{gd:i,hovermode:"closest",rotateLabels:!1,bgColor:e.bgColor||p.background,container:n.select(e.container),outerContainer:e.outerContainer||e.container}),l=0,c=0;return s.sort((function(t,e){return t.y0-e.y0})).each((function(t,r){var n=t.y0-t.by/2;t.offset=n-5<l?l-n+5:0,l=n+t.by+t.offset,r===e.anchorIndex&&(c=t.offset)})).each((function(t){t.offset-=c})),z(s,!1,i._fullLayout._invScaleX,i._fullLayout._invScaleY),r?s:s.node()};var P=/<extra>([\s\S]*)<\/extra>/;function I(t,e){var r=e.gd,i=r._fullLayout,a=e.hovermode,c=e.rotateLabels,f=e.bgColor,d=e.container,m=e.outerContainer,w=e.commonLabelOpts||{};if(0===t.length)return[[]];var T=e.fontFamily||y.HOVERFONT,k=e.fontSize||y.HOVERFONTSIZE,A=t[0],E=A.xa,L=A.ya,P=a.charAt(0),I=A[P+"Label"],z=V(r,m),D=z.top,R=z.width,F=z.height,B=void 0!==I&&A.distance<=e.hoverdistance&&("x"===a||"y"===a);if(B){var N,j,U=!0;for(N=0;N<t.length;N++)if(U&&void 0===t[N].zLabel&&(U=!1),j=t[N].hoverinfo||t[N].trace.hoverinfo){var H=Array.isArray(j)?j:j.split("+");if(-1===H.indexOf("all")&&-1===H.indexOf(a)){B=!1;break}}U&&(B=!1)}var q=d.selectAll("g.axistext").data(B?[0]:[]);if(q.enter().append("g").classed("axistext",!0),q.exit().remove(),q.each((function(){var t=n.select(this),e=o.ensureSingle(t,"path","",(function(t){t.style({"stroke-width":"1px"})})),l=o.ensureSingle(t,"text","",(function(t){t.attr("data-notex",1)})),c=w.bgcolor||p.defaultLine,f=w.bordercolor||p.contrast(c),d=p.contrast(c),m={family:w.font.family||T,size:w.font.size||k,color:w.font.color||d};e.style({fill:c,stroke:f}),l.text(I).call(h.font,m).call(u.positionText,0,0).call(u.convertToTspans,r),t.attr("transform","");var g,v,y=V(r,l.node());if("x"===a){var x="top"===E.side?"-":"";l.attr("text-anchor","middle").call(u.positionText,0,"top"===E.side?D-y.bottom-M-S:D-y.top+M+S),g=E._offset+(A.x0+A.x1)/2,v=L._offset+("top"===E.side?0:L._length);var b=y.width/2+S;g<b?(g=b,e.attr("d","M-"+(b-M)+",0L-"+(b-2*M)+","+x+M+"H"+(S+y.width/2)+"v"+x+(2*S+y.height)+"H-"+b+"V"+x+M+"Z")):g>i.width-b?(g=i.width-b,e.attr("d","M"+(b-M)+",0L"+b+","+x+M+"v"+x+(2*S+y.height)+"H-"+b+"V"+x+M+"H"+(b-2*M)+"Z")):e.attr("d","M0,0L"+M+","+x+M+"H"+(S+y.width/2)+"v"+x+(2*S+y.height)+"H-"+(S+y.width/2)+"V"+x+M+"H-"+M+"Z")}else{var _,C,P;"right"===L.side?(_="start",C=1,P="",g=E._offset+E._length):(_="end",C=-1,P="-",g=E._offset),v=L._offset+(A.y0+A.y1)/2,l.attr("text-anchor",_),e.attr("d","M0,0L"+P+M+","+M+"V"+(S+y.height/2)+"h"+P+(2*S+y.width)+"V-"+(S+y.height/2)+"H"+P+M+"V-"+M+"Z");var O,z=y.height/2,R=D-y.top-z,F="clip"+i._uid+"commonlabel"+L._id;if(g<y.width+2*S+M){O="M-"+(M+S)+"-"+z+"h-"+(y.width-S)+"V"+z+"h"+(y.width-S)+"Z";var B=y.width-g+S;u.positionText(l,B,R),"end"===_&&l.selectAll("tspan").each((function(){var t=n.select(this),e=h.tester.append("text").text(t.text()).call(h.font,m),i=V(r,e.node());Math.round(i.width)<Math.round(y.width)&&t.attr("x",B-i.width),e.remove()}))}else u.positionText(l,C*(S+M),R),O=null;var N=i._topclips.selectAll("#"+F).data(O?[0]:[]);N.enter().append("clipPath").attr("id",F).append("path"),N.exit().remove(),N.select("path").attr("d",O),h.setClipUrl(l,O?F:null,r)}t.attr("transform",s(g,v))})),v.isUnifiedHover(a)){d.selectAll("g.hovertext").remove();var G=t.filter((function(t){return"none"!==t.hoverinfo}));if(0===G.length)return;var Y=i.hoverlabel,W=Y.font,Z={showlegend:!0,legend:{title:{text:I,font:W},font:W,bgcolor:Y.bgcolor,bordercolor:Y.bordercolor,borderwidth:1,tracegroupgap:7,traceorder:i.legend?i.legend.traceorder:void 0,orientation:"v"}},X={font:W};x(Z,X,r._fullData);var J=X.legend;J.entries=[];for(var K=0;K<G.length;K++){var Q=G[K];if("none"!==Q.hoverinfo){var $=O(Q,!0,a,i,I),tt=$[0],et=$[1];Q.name=et,Q.text=""!==et?et+" : "+tt:tt;var rt=Q.cd[Q.index];rt&&(rt.mc&&(Q.mc=rt.mc),rt.mcc&&(Q.mc=rt.mcc),rt.mlc&&(Q.mlc=rt.mlc),rt.mlcc&&(Q.mlc=rt.mlcc),rt.mlw&&(Q.mlw=rt.mlw),rt.mrc&&(Q.mrc=rt.mrc),rt.dir&&(Q.dir=rt.dir)),Q._distinct=!0,J.entries.push([Q])}}J.entries.sort((function(t,e){return t[0].trace.index-e[0].trace.index})),J.layer=d,J._inHover=!0,J._groupTitleFont=Y.grouptitlefont,b(r,J);var nt,it,at,ot,st=d.select("g.legend"),lt=V(r,st.node()),ct=lt.width+2*S,ut=lt.height+2*S,ft=G[0],ht=(ft.x0+ft.x1)/2,pt=(ft.y0+ft.y1)/2,dt=!(g.traceIs(ft.trace,"bar-like")||g.traceIs(ft.trace,"box-violin"));"y"===P?dt?(it=pt-S,nt=pt+S):(it=Math.min.apply(null,G.map((function(t){return Math.min(t.y0,t.y1)}))),nt=Math.max.apply(null,G.map((function(t){return Math.max(t.y0,t.y1)})))):it=nt=o.mean(G.map((function(t){return(t.y0+t.y1)/2})))-ut/2,"x"===P?dt?(at=ht+S,ot=ht-S):(at=Math.max.apply(null,G.map((function(t){return Math.max(t.x0,t.x1)}))),ot=Math.min.apply(null,G.map((function(t){return 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n=t("../../plots/cartesian/constants"),i=t("../../plot_api/plot_template").templatedArray;t("../../constants/axis_placeable_objects");e.exports=i("image",{visible:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0,editType:"arraydraw"},source:{valType:"string",editType:"arraydraw"},layer:{valType:"enumerated",values:["below","above"],dflt:"above",editType:"arraydraw"},sizex:{valType:"number",dflt:0,editType:"arraydraw"},sizey:{valType:"number",dflt:0,editType:"arraydraw"},sizing:{valType:"enumerated",values:["fill","contain","stretch"],dflt:"contain",editType:"arraydraw"},opacity:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1,editType:"arraydraw"},x:{valType:"any",dflt:0,editType:"arraydraw"},y:{valType:"any",dflt:0,editType:"arraydraw"},xanchor:{valType:"enumerated",values:["left","center","right"],dflt:"left",editType:"arraydraw"},yanchor:{valType:"enumerated",values:["top","middle","bottom"],dflt:"top",editType:"arraydraw"},xref:{valType:"enumerated",values:["paper",n.idRegex.x.toString()],dflt:"paper",editType:"arraydraw"},yref:{valType:"enumerated",values:["paper",n.idRegex.y.toString()],dflt:"paper",editType:"arraydraw"},editType:"arraydraw"})},{"../../constants/axis_placeable_objects":484,"../../plot_api/plot_template":555,"../../plots/cartesian/constants":573}],413:[function(t,e,r){"use 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d={left:{sizing:"xMin",offset:0},center:{sizing:"xMid",offset:-.5},right:{sizing:"xMax",offset:-1}},m={top:{sizing:"YMin",offset:0},middle:{sizing:"YMid",offset:-.5},bottom:{sizing:"YMax",offset:-1}};function g(e){var r=n.select(this);if(this._imgSrc!==e.source)if(r.attr("xmlns",s.svg),e.source&&"data:"===e.source.slice(0,5))r.attr("xlink:href",e.source),this._imgSrc=e.source;else{var i=new Promise(function(t){var n=new Image;function i(){r.remove(),t()}this.img=n,n.setAttribute("crossOrigin","anonymous"),n.onerror=i,n.onload=function(){var e=document.createElement("canvas");e.width=this.width,e.height=this.height,e.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}).drawImage(this,0,0);var n=e.toDataURL("image/png");r.attr("xlink:href",n),t()},r.on("error",i),n.src=e.source,this._imgSrc=e.source}.bind(this));t._promises.push(i)}}function v(e){var r,o,s=n.select(this),c=a.getFromId(t,e.xref),u=a.getFromId(t,e.yref),f="domain"===a.getRefType(e.xref),h="domain"===a.getRefType(e.yref),p=l._size;r=void 0!==c?"string"==typeof e.xref&&f?c._length*e.sizex:Math.abs(c.l2p(e.sizex)-c.l2p(0)):e.sizex*p.w,o=void 0!==u?"string"==typeof e.yref&&h?u._length*e.sizey:Math.abs(u.l2p(e.sizey)-u.l2p(0)):e.sizey*p.h;var g,v,y=r*d[e.xanchor].offset,x=o*m[e.yanchor].offset,b=d[e.xanchor].sizing+m[e.yanchor].sizing;switch(g=void 0!==c?"string"==typeof e.xref&&f?c._length*e.x+c._offset:c.r2p(e.x)+c._offset:e.x*p.w+p.l,g+=y,v=void 0!==u?"string"==typeof e.yref&&h?u._length*(1-e.y)+u._offset:u.r2p(e.y)+u._offset:p.h-e.y*p.h+p.t,v+=x,e.sizing){case"fill":b+=" slice";break;case"stretch":b="none"}s.attr({x:g,y:v,width:r,height:o,preserveAspectRatio:b,opacity:e.opacity});var _=(c&&"domain"!==a.getRefType(e.xref)?c._id:"")+(u&&"domain"!==a.getRefType(e.yref)?u._id:"");i.setClipUrl(s,_?"clip"+l._uid+_:null,t)}var y=l._imageLowerLayer.selectAll("image").data(f),x=l._imageUpperLayer.selectAll("image").data(c);y.enter().append("image"),x.enter().append("image"),y.exit().remove(),x.exit().remove(),y.each((function(t){g.bind(this)(t),v.bind(this)(t)})),x.each((function(t){g.bind(this)(t),v.bind(this)(t)}));var b=Object.keys(l._plots);for(r=0;r<b.length;r++){e=b[r];var _=l._plots[e];if(_.imagelayer){var w=_.imagelayer.selectAll("image").data(u[e]||[]);w.enter().append("image"),w.exit().remove(),w.each((function(t){g.bind(this)(t),v.bind(this)(t)}))}}}},{"../../constants/xmlns_namespaces":492,"../../plots/cartesian/axes":566,"../../plots/cartesian/axis_ids":570,"../drawing":389,"@plotly/d3":58}],416:[function(t,e,r){"use 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n=t("../../plots/font_attributes"),i=t("../color/attributes");e.exports={bgcolor:{valType:"color",editType:"legend"},bordercolor:{valType:"color",dflt:i.defaultLine,editType:"legend"},borderwidth:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:0,editType:"legend"},font:n({editType:"legend"}),grouptitlefont:n({editType:"legend"}),orientation:{valType:"enumerated",values:["v","h"],dflt:"v",editType:"legend"},traceorder:{valType:"flaglist",flags:["reversed","grouped"],extras:["normal"],editType:"legend"},tracegroupgap:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:10,editType:"legend"},entrywidth:{valType:"number",min:0,editType:"legend"},entrywidthmode:{valType:"enumerated",values:["fraction","pixels"],dflt:"pixels",editType:"legend"},itemsizing:{valType:"enumerated",values:["trace","constant"],dflt:"trace",editType:"legend"},itemwidth:{valType:"number",min:30,dflt:30,editType:"legend"},itemclick:{valType:"enumerated",values:["toggle","toggleothers",!1],dflt:"toggle",editType:"legend"},itemdoubleclick:{valType:"enumerated",values:["toggle","toggleothers",!1],dflt:"toggleothers",editType:"legend"},groupclick:{valType:"enumerated",values:["toggleitem","togglegroup"],dflt:"togglegroup",editType:"legend"},x:{valType:"number",min:-2,max:3,editType:"legend"},xanchor:{valType:"enumerated",values:["auto","left","center","right"],dflt:"left",editType:"legend"},y:{valType:"number",min:-2,max:3,editType:"legend"},yanchor:{valType:"enumerated",values:["auto","top","middle","bottom"],editType:"legend"},uirevision:{valType:"any",editType:"none"},valign:{valType:"enumerated",values:["top","middle","bottom"],dflt:"middle",editType:"legend"},title:{text:{valType:"string",dflt:"",editType:"legend"},font:n({editType:"legend"}),side:{valType:"enumerated",values:["top","left","top 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n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("../../lib"),a=t("../../plots/plots"),o=t("../../registry"),s=t("../../lib/events"),l=t("../dragelement"),c=t("../drawing"),u=t("../color"),f=t("../../lib/svg_text_utils"),h=t("./handle_click"),p=t("./constants"),d=t("../../constants/alignment"),m=d.LINE_SPACING,g=d.FROM_TL,v=d.FROM_BR,y=t("./get_legend_data"),x=t("./style"),b=t("./helpers");function _(t,e,r){var n=t[0],i=n.width,a=e.entrywidthmode,o=n.trace.legendwidth||e.entrywidth;return"fraction"===a?e._maxWidth*o:r+(o||i)}function w(t,e,r,n,i){var a=r.data()[0][0].trace,l={event:i,node:r.node(),curveNumber:a.index,expandedIndex:a._expandedIndex,data:t.data,layout:t.layout,frames:t._transitionData._frames,config:t._context,fullData:t._fullData,fullLayout:t._fullLayout};if(a._group&&(l.group=a._group),o.traceIs(a,"pie-like")&&(l.label=r.datum()[0].label),!1!==s.triggerHandler(t,"plotly_legendclick",l))if(1===n)e._clickTimeout=setTimeout((function(){t._fullLayout&&h(r,t,n)}),t._context.doubleClickDelay);else 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n}(t))}},u.resetViewMapbox={name:"resetViewMapbox",_cat:"resetView",title:function(t){return c(t,"Reset view")},attr:"reset",icon:o.home,click:function(t){x(t,"mapbox")}},u.zoomInMapbox={name:"zoomInMapbox",_cat:"zoomin",title:function(t){return c(t,"Zoom in")},attr:"zoom",val:"in",icon:o.zoom_plus,click:y},u.zoomOutMapbox={name:"zoomOutMapbox",_cat:"zoomout",title:function(t){return c(t,"Zoom out")},attr:"zoom",val:"out",icon:o.zoom_minus,click:y}},{"../../fonts/ploticon":494,"../../lib":515,"../../plots/cartesian/axis_ids":570,"../../plots/plots":628,"../../registry":647,"../shapes/draw":462}],428:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("./buttons"),i=Object.keys(n),a=["drawline","drawopenpath","drawclosedpath","drawcircle","drawrect","eraseshape"],o=["v1hovermode","hoverclosest","hovercompare","togglehover","togglespikelines"].concat(a),s=[];i.forEach((function(t){!function(t){if(-1===o.indexOf(t._cat||t.name)){var 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r=this.graphInfo._context,n=this.graphInfo._fullLayout,i="modebar-"+n._uid;this.element.setAttribute("id",i),this._uid=i,this.element.className="modebar","hover"===r.displayModeBar&&(this.element.className+=" modebar--hover ease-bg"),"v"===n.modebar.orientation&&(this.element.className+=" vertical",e=e.reverse());var o=n.modebar,s="hover"===r.displayModeBar?".js-plotly-plot .plotly:hover ":"";a.deleteRelatedStyleRule(i),a.addRelatedStyleRule(i,s+"#"+i+" .modebar-group","background-color: "+o.bgcolor),a.addRelatedStyleRule(i,"#"+i+" .modebar-btn .icon path","fill: "+o.color),a.addRelatedStyleRule(i,"#"+i+" .modebar-btn:hover .icon path","fill: "+o.activecolor),a.addRelatedStyleRule(i,"#"+i+" .modebar-btn.active .icon path","fill: "+o.activecolor);var l=!this.hasButtons(e),c=this.hasLogo!==r.displaylogo,u=this.locale!==r.locale;if(this.locale=r.locale,(l||c||u)&&(this.removeAllButtons(),this.updateButtons(e),r.watermark||r.displaylogo)){var f=this.getLogo();r.watermark&&(f.className=f.className+" watermark"),"v"===n.modebar.orientation?this.element.insertBefore(f,this.element.childNodes[0]):this.element.appendChild(f),this.hasLogo=!0}this.updateActiveButton()},u.updateButtons=function(t){var e=this;this.buttons=t,this.buttonElements=[],this.buttonsNames=[],this.buttons.forEach((function(t){var r=e.createGroup();t.forEach((function(t){var n=t.name;if(!n)throw new Error("must provide button 'name' in button config");if(-1!==e.buttonsNames.indexOf(n))throw new Error("button name '"+n+"' is taken");e.buttonsNames.push(n);var i=e.createButton(t);e.buttonElements.push(i),r.appendChild(i)})),e.element.appendChild(r)}))},u.createGroup=function(){var t=document.createElement("div");return t.className="modebar-group",t},u.createButton=function(t){var e=this,r=document.createElement("a");r.setAttribute("rel","tooltip"),r.className="modebar-btn";var i=t.title;void 0===i?i=t.name:"function"==typeof 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a=document.createElementNS(n,"path");a.setAttribute("d",t.path),t.transform?a.setAttribute("transform",t.transform):void 0!==t.ascent&&a.setAttribute("transform","matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 "+t.ascent+")"),e.appendChild(a)}t.svg&&(e=l.parseFromString(t.svg,"application/xml").childNodes[0]);return e.setAttribute("height","1em"),e.setAttribute("width","1em"),e},u.updateActiveButton=function(t){var e=this.graphInfo._fullLayout,r=void 0!==t?t.getAttribute("data-attr"):null;this.buttonElements.forEach((function(t){var i=t.getAttribute("data-val")||!0,o=t.getAttribute("data-attr"),s="true"===t.getAttribute("data-toggle"),l=n.select(t);if(s)o===r&&l.classed("active",!l.classed("active"));else{var c=null===o?o:a.nestedProperty(e,o).get();l.classed("active",c===i)}}))},u.hasButtons=function(t){var e=this.buttons;if(!e)return!1;if(t.length!==e.length)return!1;for(var r=0;r<t.length;++r){if(t[r].length!==e[r].length)return!1;for(var 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n=t("../../plots/font_attributes"),i=t("../color/attributes"),a=(0,t("../../plot_api/plot_template").templatedArray)("button",{visible:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0,editType:"plot"},step:{valType:"enumerated",values:["month","year","day","hour","minute","second","all"],dflt:"month",editType:"plot"},stepmode:{valType:"enumerated",values:["backward","todate"],dflt:"backward",editType:"plot"},count:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:1,editType:"plot"},label:{valType:"string",editType:"plot"},editType:"plot"});e.exports={visible:{valType:"boolean",editType:"plot"},buttons:a,x:{valType:"number",min:-2,max:3,editType:"plot"},xanchor:{valType:"enumerated",values:["auto","left","center","right"],dflt:"left",editType:"plot"},y:{valType:"number",min:-2,max:3,editType:"plot"},yanchor:{valType:"enumerated",values:["auto","top","middle","bottom"],dflt:"bottom",editType:"plot"},font:n({editType:"plot"}),bgcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:i.lightLine,editType:"plot"},activecolor:{valType:"color",editType:"plot"},bordercolor:{valType:"color",dflt:i.defaultLine,editType:"plot"},borderwidth:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:0,editType:"plot"},editType:"plot"}},{"../../plot_api/plot_template":555,"../../plots/font_attributes":594,"../color/attributes":366}],434:[function(t,e,r){"use 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n=l.ensureSingle(t,"rect","selector-rect",(function(t){t.attr("shape-rendering","crispEdges")}));n.attr({rx:g.rx,ry:g.ry}),n.call(o.stroke,e.bordercolor).call(o.fill,function(t,e){return e._isActive||e._isHovered?t.activecolor:t.bgcolor}(e,r)).style("stroke-width",e.borderwidth+"px")}function b(t,e,r,n){l.ensureSingle(t,"text","selector-text",(function(t){t.attr("text-anchor","middle")})).call(s.font,e.font).text(function(t,e){if(t.label)return e?l.templateString(t.label,e):t.label;return"all"===t.step?"all":t.count+t.step.charAt(0)}(r,n._fullLayout._meta)).call((function(t){u.convertToTspans(t,n)}))}e.exports=function(t){var e=t._fullLayout._infolayer.selectAll(".rangeselector").data(function(t){for(var e=f.list(t,"x",!0),r=[],n=0;n<e.length;n++){var i=e[n];i.rangeselector&&i.rangeselector.visible&&r.push(i)}return r}(t),y);e.enter().append("g").classed("rangeselector",!0),e.exit().remove(),e.style({cursor:"pointer","pointer-events":"all"}),e.each((function(e){var 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n=t("../annotations/attributes"),i=t("../../traces/scatter/attributes").line,a=t("../drawing/attributes").dash,o=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat,s=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll,l=t("../../plot_api/plot_template").templatedArray;t("../../constants/axis_placeable_objects");e.exports=s(l("selection",{type:{valType:"enumerated",values:["rect","path"]},xref:o({},n.xref,{}),yref:o({},n.yref,{}),x0:{valType:"any"},x1:{valType:"any"},y0:{valType:"any"},y1:{valType:"any"},path:{valType:"string",editType:"arraydraw"},opacity:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:.7,editType:"arraydraw"},line:{color:i.color,width:o({},i.width,{min:1,dflt:1}),dash:o({},a,{dflt:"dot"})}}),"arraydraw","from-root")},{"../../constants/axis_placeable_objects":484,"../../lib/extend":505,"../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../../plot_api/plot_template":555,"../../traces/scatter/attributes":936,"../annotations/attributes":350,"../drawing/attributes":388}],448:[function(t,e,r){"use 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r=e.selections,n=0;n<r.length;n++){var i=r[n];i&&(void 0===i.path&&(void 0!==i.x0&&void 0!==i.x1&&void 0!==i.y0&&void 0!==i.y1||(e.selections[n]=null)))}}},{"../../lib":515,"../../plots/array_container_defaults":561,"../../plots/cartesian/axes":566,"../shapes/helpers":469,"./attributes":447}],450:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../shapes/draw_newshape/helpers").readPaths,i=t("../shapes/display_outlines"),a=t("../shapes/handle_outline").clearOutlineControllers,o=t("../color"),s=t("../drawing"),l=t("../../plot_api/plot_template").arrayEditor,c=t("../shapes/helpers"),u=c.getPathString;function f(t){var e=t._fullLayout;for(var r in a(t),e._selectionLayer.selectAll("path").remove(),e._plots){var n=e._plots[r].selectionLayer;n&&n.selectAll("path").remove()}for(var i=0;i<e.selections.length;i++)p(t,i)}function h(t){return t._context.editSelection}function p(t,e){t._fullLayout._paperdiv.selectAll('.selectionlayer [data-index="'+e+'"]').remove();var r=c.makeSelectionsOptionsAndPlotinfo(t,e),a=r.options,p=r.plotinfo;a._input&&function(r){var c=u(t,a),g={"data-index":e,"fill-rule":"evenodd",d:c},v=a.opacity,y="rgba(0,0,0,0)",x=a.line.color||o.contrast(t._fullLayout.plot_bgcolor),b=a.line.width,_=a.line.dash;b||(b=5,_="solid");var w=h(t)&&t._fullLayout._activeSelectionIndex===e;w&&(y=t._fullLayout.activeselection.fillcolor,v=t._fullLayout.activeselection.opacity);for(var T=[],k=1;k>=0;k--){var A=r.append("path").attr(g).style("opacity",k?.1:v).call(o.stroke,x).call(o.fill,y).call(s.dashLine,k?"solid":_,k?4+b:b);if(d(A,t,a),w){var M=l(t.layout,"selections",a);A.style({cursor:"move"});var S={element:A.node(),plotinfo:p,gd:t,editHelpers:M,isActiveSelection:!0},E=n(c,t);i(E,A,S)}else A.style("pointer-events",k?"all":"none");T[k]=A}var L=T[0];T[1].node().addEventListener("click",(function(){return function(t,e){if(!h(t))return;var r=+e.node().getAttribute("data-index");if(r>=0){if(r===t._fullLayout._activeSelectionIndex)return void m(t);t._fullLayout._activeSelectionIndex=r,t._fullLayout._deactivateSelection=m,f(t)}}(t,L)}))}(t._fullLayout._selectionLayer)}function d(t,e,r){var n=r.xref+r.yref;s.setClipUrl(t,"clip"+e._fullLayout._uid+n,e)}function m(t){h(t)&&(t._fullLayout._activeSelectionIndex>=0&&(a(t),delete t._fullLayout._activeSelectionIndex,f(t)))}e.exports={draw:f,drawOne:p,activateLastSelection:function(t){if(!h(t))return;var e=t._fullLayout.selections.length-1;t._fullLayout._activeSelectionIndex=e,t._fullLayout._deactivateSelection=m,f(t)}}},{"../../plot_api/plot_template":555,"../color":367,"../drawing":389,"../shapes/display_outlines":461,"../shapes/draw_newshape/helpers":466,"../shapes/handle_outline":468,"../shapes/helpers":469}],451:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../drawing/attributes").dash,i=t("../../../lib/extend").extendFlat;e.exports={newselection:{mode:{valType:"enumerated",values:["immediate","gradual"],dflt:"immediate",editType:"none"},line:{color:{valType:"color",editType:"none"},width:{valType:"number",min:1,dflt:1,editType:"none"},dash:i({},n,{dflt:"dot",editType:"none"}),editType:"none"},editType:"none"},activeselection:{fillcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:"rgba(0,0,0,0)",editType:"none"},opacity:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:.5,editType:"none"},editType:"none"}}},{"../../../lib/extend":505,"../../drawing/attributes":388}],452:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e,r){r("newselection.mode"),r("newselection.line.width")&&(r("newselection.line.color"),r("newselection.line.dash")),r("activeselection.fillcolor"),r("activeselection.opacity")}},{}],453:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../dragelement/helpers").selectMode,i=t("../../shapes/handle_outline").clearOutline,a=t("../../shapes/draw_newshape/helpers"),o=a.readPaths,s=a.writePaths,l=a.fixDatesForPaths;e.exports=function(t,e){if(t.length){var r=t[0][0];if(r){var a=r.getAttribute("d"),c=e.gd,u=c._fullLayout.newselection,f=e.plotinfo,h=f.xaxis,p=f.yaxis,d=e.isActiveSelection,m=e.dragmode,g=(c.layout||{}).selections||[];if(!n(m)&&void 0!==d){var v=c._fullLayout._activeSelectionIndex;if(v<g.length)switch(c._fullLayout.selections[v].type){case"rect":m="select";break;case"path":m="lasso"}}var y,x=o(a,c,f,d),b={xref:h._id,yref:p._id,opacity:u.opacity,line:{color:u.line.color,width:u.line.width,dash:u.line.dash}};1===x.length&&(y=x[0]),y&&5===y.length&&"select"===m?(b.type="rect",b.x0=y[0][1],b.y0=y[0][2],b.x1=y[2][1],b.y1=y[2][2]):(b.type="path",h&&p&&l(x,h,p),b.path=s(x),y=null),i(c);for(var _=e.editHelpers,w=(_||{}).modifyItem,T=[],k=0;k<g.length;k++){var 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n=t("./draw"),i=t("./select");e.exports={moduleType:"component",name:"selections",layoutAttributes:t("./attributes"),supplyLayoutDefaults:t("./defaults"),supplyDrawNewSelectionDefaults:t("./draw_newselection/defaults"),includeBasePlot:t("../../plots/cartesian/include_components")("selections"),draw:n.draw,drawOne:n.drawOne,reselect:i.reselect,prepSelect:i.prepSelect,clearOutline:i.clearOutline,clearSelectionsCache:i.clearSelectionsCache,selectOnClick:i.selectOnClick}},{"../../plots/cartesian/include_components":577,"./attributes":447,"./defaults":449,"./draw":450,"./draw_newselection/defaults":452,"./select":456}],456:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("polybooljs"),i=t("point-in-polygon/nested"),a=t("../../registry"),o=t("../drawing").dashStyle,s=t("../color"),l=t("../fx"),c=t("../fx/helpers").makeEventData,u=t("../dragelement/helpers"),f=u.freeMode,h=u.rectMode,p=u.drawMode,d=u.openMode,m=u.selectMode,g=t("../shapes/helpers"),v=t("../shapes/constants"),y=t("../shapes/display_outlines"),x=t("../shapes/handle_outline").clearOutline,b=t("../shapes/draw_newshape/helpers"),_=b.handleEllipse,w=b.readPaths,T=t("../shapes/draw_newshape/newshapes"),k=t("./draw_newselection/newselections"),A=t("./draw").activateLastSelection,M=t("../../lib"),S=M.sorterAsc,E=t("../../lib/polygon"),L=t("../../lib/throttle"),C=t("../../plots/cartesian/axis_ids").getFromId,P=t("../../lib/clear_gl_canvases"),I=t("../../plot_api/subroutines").redrawReglTraces,O=t("./constants"),z=O.MINSELECT,D=E.filter,R=E.tester,F=t("./helpers"),B=F.p2r,N=F.axValue,j=F.getTransform;function U(t){return void 0!==t.subplot}function V(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var 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e,r,n,i=0;for(n=0;n<t.length;n++)if(e=t[n],(r=e.cd[0].trace).selectedpoints){if(r.selectedpoints.length>1)return!1;if((i+=r.selectedpoints.length)>1)return!1}return 1===i}(s)&&(h=K(_))){for(o&&o.remove(),g=0;g<s.length;g++)(l=s[g])._module.selectPoints(l,!1);Q(e,s),W(a),x&&ht(e)}else{for(p=t.shiftKey&&(void 0!==h?h:K(_)),c=function(t,e,r){return{pointNumber:t,searchInfo:e,subtract:!!r}}(_.pointNumber,_.searchInfo,p),u=G(a.selectionDefs.concat([c])),g=0;g<s.length;g++)if(f=tt(s[g]._module.selectPoints(s[g],u),s[g]),b.length)for(var w=0;w<f.length;w++)b.push(f[w]);else b=f;if(Q(e,s,m={points:b}),c&&a&&a.selectionDefs.push(c),o){var T=a.mergedPolygons,k=d(a.dragmode);y(et(T,k),o,a)}x&&ft(e,m)}}}function H(t){return"pointNumber"in t&&"searchInfo"in t}function q(t){return{xmin:0,xmax:0,ymin:0,ymax:0,pts:[],contains:function(e,r,n,i){var a=t.searchInfo.cd[0].trace._expandedIndex;return 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r=t.dragmode,n=t.plotinfo,i=t.gd;(function(t){return t._fullLayout._activeShapeIndex>=0})(i)&&i._fullLayout._deactivateShape(i),function(t){return t._fullLayout._activeSelectionIndex>=0}(i)&&i._fullLayout._deactivateSelection(i);var o=i._fullLayout._zoomlayer,s=p(r),l=m(r);if(s||l){var c,u,f=o.selectAll(".select-outline-"+n.id);if(f&&i._fullLayout._outlining)s&&(c=T(f,t)),c&&a.call("_guiRelayout",i,{shapes:c}),l&&!U(t)&&(u=k(f,t)),u&&(i._fullLayout._noEmitSelectedAtStart=!0,a.call("_guiRelayout",i,{selections:u}).then((function(){e&&A(i)}))),i._fullLayout._outlining=!1}n.selection={},n.selection.selectionDefs=t.selectionDefs=[],n.selection.mergedPolygons=t.mergedPolygons=[]}function Z(t){return t._id}function X(t,e,r,n){if(!t.calcdata)return[];var i,a,o,s=[],l=e.map(Z),c=r.map(Z);for(o=0;o<t.calcdata.length;o++)if(!0===(a=(i=t.calcdata[o])[0].trace).visible&&a._module&&a._module.selectPoints)if(!U({subplot:n})||a.subplot!==n&&a.geo!==n)if("splom"===a.type){if(a._xaxes[l[0]]&&a._yaxes[c[0]]){var u=J(a._module,i,e[0],r[0]);u.scene=t._fullLayout._splomScenes[a.uid],s.push(u)}}else if("sankey"===a.type){var f=J(a._module,i,e[0],r[0]);s.push(f)}else{if(-1===l.indexOf(a.xaxis))continue;if(-1===c.indexOf(a.yaxis))continue;s.push(J(a._module,i,C(t,a.xaxis),C(t,a.yaxis)))}else s.push(J(a._module,i,e[0],r[0]));return s}function J(t,e,r,n){return{_module:t,cd:e,xaxis:r,yaxis:n}}function K(t){var e=t.searchInfo.cd[0].trace,r=t.pointNumber,n=t.pointNumbers,i=n.length>0?n[0]:r;return!!e.selectedpoints&&e.selectedpoints.indexOf(i)>-1}function Q(t,e,r){var n,i;for(n=0;n<e.length;n++){var o=e[n].cd[0].trace._fullInput,s=t._fullLayout._tracePreGUI[o.uid]||{};void 0===s.selectedpoints&&(s.selectedpoints=o._input.selectedpoints||null)}if(r){var 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v=t("./search");f.findBin=v.findBin,f.sorterAsc=v.sorterAsc,f.sorterDes=v.sorterDes,f.distinctVals=v.distinctVals,f.roundUp=v.roundUp,f.sort=v.sort,f.findIndexOfMin=v.findIndexOfMin,f.sortObjectKeys=t("./sort_object_keys");var y=t("./stats");f.aggNums=y.aggNums,f.len=y.len,f.mean=y.mean,f.median=y.median,f.midRange=y.midRange,f.variance=y.variance,f.stdev=y.stdev,f.interp=y.interp;var x=t("./matrix");f.init2dArray=x.init2dArray,f.transposeRagged=x.transposeRagged,f.dot=x.dot,f.translationMatrix=x.translationMatrix,f.rotationMatrix=x.rotationMatrix,f.rotationXYMatrix=x.rotationXYMatrix,f.apply3DTransform=x.apply3DTransform,f.apply2DTransform=x.apply2DTransform,f.apply2DTransform2=x.apply2DTransform2,f.convertCssMatrix=x.convertCssMatrix,f.inverseTransformMatrix=x.inverseTransformMatrix;var b=t("./angles");f.deg2rad=b.deg2rad,f.rad2deg=b.rad2deg,f.angleDelta=b.angleDelta,f.angleDist=b.angleDist,f.isFullCircle=b.isFullCircle,f.isAngleInsideSector=b.isAngleInsideSector,f.isPtInsideSector=b.isPtInsideSector,f.pathArc=b.pathArc,f.pathSector=b.pathSector,f.pathAnnulus=b.pathAnnulus;var _=t("./anchor_utils");f.isLeftAnchor=_.isLeftAnchor,f.isCenterAnchor=_.isCenterAnchor,f.isRightAnchor=_.isRightAnchor,f.isTopAnchor=_.isTopAnchor,f.isMiddleAnchor=_.isMiddleAnchor,f.isBottomAnchor=_.isBottomAnchor;var w=t("./geometry2d");f.segmentsIntersect=w.segmentsIntersect,f.segmentDistance=w.segmentDistance,f.getTextLocation=w.getTextLocation,f.clearLocationCache=w.clearLocationCache,f.getVisibleSegment=w.getVisibleSegment,f.findPointOnPath=w.findPointOnPath;var T=t("./extend");f.extendFlat=T.extendFlat,f.extendDeep=T.extendDeep,f.extendDeepAll=T.extendDeepAll,f.extendDeepNoArrays=T.extendDeepNoArrays;var k=t("./loggers");f.log=k.log,f.warn=k.warn,f.error=k.error;var 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T=!1!==(i.increasing||{}).showlegend,k=!1!==(i.decreasing||{}).showlegend,A=m(i.increasing),M=m(i.decreasing);if(!1!==A&&!1!==M){var S=g(A,M,T,k);S&&(i.name=S)}else!A&&!M||i.name||(i.name=A||M)}if(Array.isArray(i.transforms)){var E=i.transforms;for(n=0;n<E.length;n++){var L=E[n];if(o.isPlainObject(L))switch(L.type){case"filter":L.filtersrc&&(L.target=L.filtersrc,delete L.filtersrc),L.calendar&&(L.valuecalendar||(L.valuecalendar=L.calendar),delete L.calendar);break;case"groupby":if(L.styles=L.styles||L.style,L.styles&&!Array.isArray(L.styles)){var C=L.styles,P=Object.keys(C);L.styles=[];for(var I=0;I<P.length;I++)L.styles.push({target:P[I],value:C[P[I]]})}}}}y(i,"line")&&delete i.line,"marker"in i&&(y(i.marker,"line")&&delete i.marker.line,y(i,"marker")&&delete i.marker),c.clean(i),i.autobinx&&(delete i.autobinx,delete i.xbins),i.autobiny&&(delete i.autobiny,delete 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n=e[this.id];this.hasChoropleth=!1;for(var i=0;i<t.length;i++){var a=t[i],o=a[0].trace;"choropleth"===o.type&&(this.hasChoropleth=!0),!0===o.visible&&o._length>0&&o._module.calcGeoJSON(a,e)}if(!r){if(this.updateProjection(t,e))return;this.viewInitial&&this.scope===n.scope||this.saveViewInitial(n)}this.scope=n.scope,this.updateBaseLayers(e,n),this.updateDims(e,n),this.updateFx(e,n),d.generalUpdatePerTraceModule(this.graphDiv,this,t,n);var s=this.layers.frontplot.select(".scatterlayer");this.dataPoints.point=s.selectAll(".point"),this.dataPoints.text=s.selectAll("text"),this.dataPaths.line=s.selectAll(".js-line");var l=this.layers.backplot.select(".choroplethlayer");this.dataPaths.choropleth=l.selectAll("path"),this._render()},S.updateProjection=function(t,e){var r=this.graphDiv,n=e[this.id],l=e._size,u=n.domain,f=n.projection,h=n.lonaxis,p=n.lataxis,d=h._ax,m=p._ax,v=this.projection=function(t){var e=t.projection,r=e.type,n=w.projNames[r];n="geo"+c.titleCase(n);for(var l=(i[n]||s[n])(),u=t._isSatellite?180*Math.acos(1/e.distance)/Math.PI:t._isClipped?w.lonaxisSpan[r]/2:null,f=["center","rotate","parallels","clipExtent"],h=function(t){return t?l:[]},p=0;p<f.length;p++){var d=f[p];"function"!=typeof l[d]&&(l[d]=h)}l.isLonLatOverEdges=function(t){if(null===l(t))return!0;if(u){var e=l.rotate();return o(t,[-e[0],-e[1]])>u*Math.PI/180}return!1},l.getPath=function(){return a().projection(l)},l.getBounds=function(t){return l.getPath().bounds(t)},l.precision(w.precision),t._isSatellite&&l.tilt(e.tilt).distance(e.distance);u&&l.clipAngle(u-w.clipPad);return l}(n),y=[[l.l+l.w*u.x[0],l.t+l.h*(1-u.y[1])],[l.l+l.w*u.x[1],l.t+l.h*(1-u.y[0])]],x=n.center||{},b=f.rotation||{},_=h.range||[],T=p.range||[];if(n.fitbounds){d._length=y[1][0]-y[0][0],m._length=y[1][1]-y[0][1],d.range=g(r,d),m.range=g(r,m);var k=(d.range[0]+d.range[1])/2,A=(m.range[0]+m.range[1])/2;if(n._isScoped)x={lon:k,lat:A};else if(n._isClipped){x={lon:k,lat:A},b={lon:k,lat:A,roll:b.roll};var M=f.type,S=w.lonaxisSpan[M]/2||180,L=w.lataxisSpan[M]/2||90;_=[k-S,k+S],T=[A-L,A+L]}else x={lon:k,lat:A},b={lon:k,lat:b.lat,roll:b.roll}}v.center([x.lon-b.lon,x.lat-b.lat]).rotate([-b.lon,-b.lat,b.roll]).parallels(f.parallels);var C=E(_,T);v.fitExtent(y,C);var P=this.bounds=v.getBounds(C),I=this.fitScale=v.scale(),O=v.translate();if(n.fitbounds){var z=v.getBounds(E(d.range,m.range)),D=Math.min((P[1][0]-P[0][0])/(z[1][0]-z[0][0]),(P[1][1]-P[0][1])/(z[1][1]-z[0][1]));isFinite(D)?v.scale(D*I):c.warn("Something went wrong during"+this.id+"fitbounds computations.")}else v.scale(f.scale*I);var R=this.midPt=[(P[0][0]+P[1][0])/2,(P[0][1]+P[1][1])/2];if(v.translate([O[0]+(R[0]-O[0]),O[1]+(R[1]-O[1])]).clipExtent(P),n._isAlbersUsa){var F=v([x.lon,x.lat]),B=v.translate();v.translate([B[0]-(F[0]-B[0]),B[1]-(F[1]-B[1])])}},S.updateBaseLayers=function(t,e){var r=this,i=r.topojson,a=r.layers,o=r.basePaths;function s(t){return"lonaxis"===t||"lataxis"===t}function l(t){return Boolean(w.lineLayers[t])}function c(t){return Boolean(w.fillLayers[t])}var u=(this.hasChoropleth?w.layersForChoropleth:w.layers).filter((function(t){return l(t)||c(t)?e["show"+t]:!s(t)||e[t].showgrid})),p=r.framework.selectAll(".layer").data(u,String);p.exit().each((function(t){delete a[t],delete o[t],n.select(this).remove()})),p.enter().append("g").attr("class",(function(t){return"layer "+t})).each((function(t){var e=a[t]=n.select(this);"bg"===t?r.bgRect=e.append("rect").style("pointer-events","all"):s(t)?o[t]=e.append("path").style("fill","none"):"backplot"===t?e.append("g").classed("choroplethlayer",!0):"frontplot"===t?e.append("g").classed("scatterlayer",!0):l(t)?o[t]=e.append("path").style("fill","none").style("stroke-miterlimit",2):c(t)&&(o[t]=e.append("path").style("stroke","none"))})),p.order(),p.each((function(r){var n=o[r],a=w.layerNameToAdjective[r];"frame"===r?n.datum(w.sphereSVG):l(r)||c(r)?n.datum(A(i,i.objects[r])):s(r)&&n.datum(function(t,e,r){var n,i,a,o=e[t],s=w.scopeDefaults[e.scope];"lonaxis"===t?(n=s.lonaxisRange,i=s.lataxisRange,a=function(t,e){return[t,e]}):"lataxis"===t&&(n=s.lataxisRange,i=s.lonaxisRange,a=function(t,e){return[e,t]});var l={type:"linear",range:[n[0],n[1]-1e-6],tick0:o.tick0,dtick:o.dtick};m.setConvert(l,r);var c=m.calcTicks(l);e.isScoped||"lonaxis"!==t||c.pop();for(var u=c.length,f=new Array(u),h=0;h<u;h++)for(var p=c[h].x,d=f[h]=[],g=i[0];g<i[1]+2.5;g+=2.5)d.push(a(p,g));return{type:"MultiLineString",coordinates:f}}(r,e,t)).call(f.stroke,e[r].gridcolor).call(h.dashLine,e[r].griddash,e[r].gridwidth),l(r)?n.call(f.stroke,e[a+"color"]).call(h.dashLine,"",e[a+"width"]):c(r)&&n.call(f.fill,e[a+"color"])}))},S.updateDims=function(t,e){var r=this.bounds,n=(e.framewidth||0)/2,i=r[0][0]-n,a=r[0][1]-n,o=r[1][0]-i+n,s=r[1][1]-a+n;h.setRect(this.clipRect,i,a,o,s),this.bgRect.call(h.setRect,i,a,o,s).call(f.fill,e.bgcolor),this.xaxis._offset=i,this.xaxis._length=o,this.yaxis._offset=a,this.yaxis._length=s},S.updateFx=function(t,e){var r=this,i=r.graphDiv,a=r.bgRect,o=t.dragmode,s=t.clickmode;if(!r.isStatic){var u={element:r.bgRect.node(),gd:i,plotinfo:{id:r.id,xaxis:r.xaxis,yaxis:r.yaxis,fillRangeItems:function(t,e){e.isRect?(t.range={})[r.id]=[f([e.xmin,e.ymin]),f([e.xmax,e.ymax])]:(t.lassoPoints={})[r.id]=e.map(f)}},xaxes:[r.xaxis],yaxes:[r.yaxis],subplot:r.id,clickFn:function(t){2===t&&x(i)}};"pan"===o?(a.node().onmousedown=null,a.call(_(r,e)),a.on("dblclick.zoom",(function(){var t=r.viewInitial,e={};for(var n in t)e[r.id+"."+n]=t[n];l.call("_guiRelayout",i,e),i.emit("plotly_doubleclick",null)})),i._context._scrollZoom.geo||a.on("wheel.zoom",null)):"select"!==o&&"lasso"!==o||(a.on(".zoom",null),u.prepFn=function(t,e,r){y(t,e,r,u,o)},v.init(u)),a.on("mousemove",(function(){var t=r.projection.invert(c.getPositionFromD3Event());if(!t)return v.unhover(i,n.event);r.xaxis.p2c=function(){return t[0]},r.yaxis.p2c=function(){return t[1]},p.hover(i,n.event,r.id)})),a.on("mouseout",(function(){i._dragging||v.unhover(i,n.event)})),a.on("click",(function(){"select"!==o&&"lasso"!==o&&(s.indexOf("select")>-1&&b(n.event,i,[r.xaxis],[r.yaxis],r.id,u),s.indexOf("event")>-1&&p.click(i,n.event))}))}function f(t){return r.projection.invert([t[0]+r.xaxis._offset,t[1]+r.yaxis._offset])}},S.makeFramework=function(){var t=this,e=t.graphDiv,r=e._fullLayout,i="clip"+r._uid+t.id;t.clipDef=r._clips.append("clipPath").attr("id",i),t.clipRect=t.clipDef.append("rect"),t.framework=n.select(t.container).append("g").attr("class","geo "+t.id).call(h.setClipUrl,i,e),t.project=function(e){var r=t.projection(e);return r?[r[0]-t.xaxis._offset,r[1]-t.yaxis._offset]:[null,null]},t.xaxis={_id:"x",c2p:function(e){return t.project(e)[0]}},t.yaxis={_id:"y",c2p:function(e){return t.project(e)[1]}},t.mockAxis={type:"linear",showexponent:"all",exponentformat:"B"},m.setConvert(t.mockAxis,r)},S.saveViewInitial=function(t){var e,r=t.center||{},n=t.projection,i=n.rotation||{};this.viewInitial={fitbounds:t.fitbounds,"projection.scale":n.scale},e=t._isScoped?{"center.lon":r.lon,"center.lat":r.lat}:t._isClipped?{"projection.rotation.lon":i.lon,"projection.rotation.lat":i.lat}:{"center.lon":r.lon,"center.lat":r.lat,"projection.rotation.lon":i.lon},c.extendFlat(this.viewInitial,e)},S.render=function(t){this._hasMarkerAngles&&t?this.plot(this._geoCalcData,this._fullLayout,[],!0):this._render()},S._render=function(){var t,e=this.projection,r=e.getPath();function n(t){var r=e(t.lonlat);return r?u(r[0],r[1]):null}function i(t){return e.isLonLatOverEdges(t.lonlat)?"none":null}for(t in this.basePaths)this.basePaths[t].attr("d",r);for(t in this.dataPaths)this.dataPaths[t].attr("d",(function(t){return r(t.geojson)}));for(t in this.dataPoints)this.dataPoints[t].attr("display",i).attr("transform",n)}},{"../../components/color":367,"../../components/dragelement":386,"../../components/drawing":389,"../../components/fx":407,"../../components/selections":455,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/geo_location_utils":508,"../../lib/topojson_utils":544,"../../registry":647,"../cartesian/autorange":565,"../cartesian/axes":566,"../plots":628,"./constants":596,"./zoom":601,"@plotly/d3":58,"d3-geo":114,"d3-geo-projection":113,"topojson-client":316}],598:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../plots/get_data").getSubplotCalcData,i=t("../../lib").counterRegex,a=t("./geo"),o="geo",s=i(o),l={};l.geo={valType:"subplotid",dflt:o,editType:"calc"},e.exports={attr:o,name:o,idRoot:o,idRegex:s,attrRegex:s,attributes:l,layoutAttributes:t("./layout_attributes"),supplyLayoutDefaults:t("./layout_defaults"),plot:function(t){for(var e=t._fullLayout,r=t.calcdata,i=e._subplots.geo,s=0;s<i.length;s++){var l=i[s],c=n(r,o,l),u=e[l]._subplot;u||(u=a({id:l,graphDiv:t,container:e._geolayer.node(),topojsonURL:t._context.topojsonURL,staticPlot:t._context.staticPlot}),e[l]._subplot=u),u.plot(c,e,t._promises)}},updateFx:function(t){for(var e=t._fullLayout,r=e._subplots.geo,n=0;n<r.length;n++){var i=e[r[n]];i._subplot.updateFx(e,i)}},clean:function(t,e,r,n){for(var i=n._subplots.geo||[],a=0;a<i.length;a++){var o=i[a],s=n[o]._subplot;!e[o]&&s&&(s.framework.remove(),s.clipDef.remove())}}}},{"../../lib":515,"../../plots/get_data":602,"./geo":597,"./layout_attributes":599,"./layout_defaults":600}],599:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../components/color/attributes"),i=t("../domain").attributes,a=t("../../components/drawing/attributes").dash,o=t("./constants"),s=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll,l=t("../../lib/sort_object_keys"),c={range:{valType:"info_array",items:[{valType:"number"},{valType:"number"}]},showgrid:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},tick0:{valType:"number",dflt:0},dtick:{valType:"number"},gridcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:n.lightLine},gridwidth:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:1},griddash:a};(e.exports=s({domain:i({name:"geo"},{}),fitbounds:{valType:"enumerated",values:[!1,"locations","geojson"],dflt:!1,editType:"plot"},resolution:{valType:"enumerated",values:[110,50],dflt:110,coerceNumber:!0},scope:{valType:"enumerated",values:l(o.scopeDefaults),dflt:"world"},projection:{type:{valType:"enumerated",values:l(o.projNames)},rotation:{lon:{valType:"number"},lat:{valType:"number"},roll:{valType:"number"}},tilt:{valType:"number",dflt:0},distance:{valType:"number",min:1.001,dflt:2},parallels:{valType:"info_array",items:[{valType:"number"},{valType:"number"}]},scale:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:1}},center:{lon:{valType:"number"},lat:{valType:"number"}},visible:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0},showcoastlines:{valType:"boolean"},coastlinecolor:{valType:"color",dflt:n.defaultLine},coastlinewidth:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:1},showland:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},landcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:o.landColor},showocean:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},oceancolor:{valType:"color",dflt:o.waterColor},showlakes:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},lakecolor:{valType:"color",dflt:o.waterColor},showrivers:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},rivercolor:{valType:"color",dflt:o.waterColor},riverwidth:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:1},showcountries:{valType:"boolean"},countrycolor:{valType:"color",dflt:n.defaultLine},countrywidth:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:1},showsubunits:{valType:"boolean"},subunitcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:n.defaultLine},subunitwidth:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:1},showframe:{valType:"boolean"},framecolor:{valType:"color",dflt:n.defaultLine},framewidth:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:1},bgcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:n.background},lonaxis:c,lataxis:c},"plot","from-root")).uirevision={valType:"any",editType:"none"}},{"../../components/color/attributes":366,"../../components/drawing/attributes":388,"../../lib/sort_object_keys":538,"../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../domain":593,"./constants":596}],600:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib"),i=t("../subplot_defaults"),a=t("../get_data").getSubplotData,o=t("./constants"),s=t("./layout_attributes"),l=o.axesNames;function c(t,e,r,i){var s=a(i.fullData,"geo",i.id).map((function(t){return t._expandedIndex})),c=r("resolution"),u=r("scope"),f=o.scopeDefaults[u],h=r("projection.type",f.projType),p=e._isAlbersUsa="albers usa"===h;p&&(u=e.scope="usa");var d=e._isScoped="world"!==u,m=e._isSatellite="satellite"===h,g=e._isConic=-1!==h.indexOf("conic")||"albers"===h,v=e._isClipped=!!o.lonaxisSpan[h];if(!1===t.visible){var y=n.extendDeep({},e._template);y.showcoastlines=!1,y.showcountries=!1,y.showframe=!1,y.showlakes=!1,y.showland=!1,y.showocean=!1,y.showrivers=!1,y.showsubunits=!1,y.lonaxis&&(y.lonaxis.showgrid=!1),y.lataxis&&(y.lataxis.showgrid=!1),e._template=y}for(var x=r("visible"),b=0;b<l.length;b++){var _,w=l[b],T=[30,10][b];if(d)_=f[w+"Range"];else{var k=o[w+"Span"],A=(k[h]||k["*"])/2,M=r("projection.rotation."+w.substr(0,3),f.projRotate[b]);_=[M-A,M+A]}var S=r(w+".range",_);r(w+".tick0"),r(w+".dtick",T),r(w+".showgrid",!!x&&void 0)&&(r(w+".gridcolor"),r(w+".gridwidth"),r(w+".griddash")),e[w]._ax={type:"linear",_id:w.slice(0,3),_traceIndices:s,setScale:n.identity,c2l:n.identity,r2l:n.identity,autorange:!0,range:S.slice(),_m:1,_input:{}}}var E=e.lonaxis.range,L=e.lataxis.range,C=E[0],P=E[1];C>0&&P<0&&(P+=360);var I,O,z,D=(C+P)/2;if(!p){var R=d?f.projRotate:[D,0,0];I=r("projection.rotation.lon",R[0]),r("projection.rotation.lat",R[1]),r("projection.rotation.roll",R[2]),r("showcoastlines",!d&&x)&&(r("coastlinecolor"),r("coastlinewidth")),r("showocean",!!x&&void 0)&&r("oceancolor")}(p?(O=-96.6,z=38.7):(O=d?D:I,z=(L[0]+L[1])/2),r("center.lon",O),r("center.lat",z),m&&(r("projection.tilt"),r("projection.distance")),g)&&r("projection.parallels",f.projParallels||[0,60]);r("projection.scale"),r("showland",!!x&&void 0)&&r("landcolor"),r("showlakes",!!x&&void 0)&&r("lakecolor"),r("showrivers",!!x&&void 0)&&(r("rivercolor"),r("riverwidth")),r("showcountries",d&&"usa"!==u&&x)&&(r("countrycolor"),r("countrywidth")),("usa"===u||"north america"===u&&50===c)&&(r("showsubunits",x),r("subunitcolor"),r("subunitwidth")),d||r("showframe",x)&&(r("framecolor"),r("framewidth")),r("bgcolor"),r("fitbounds")&&(delete e.projection.scale,d?(delete e.center.lon,delete e.center.lat):v?(delete e.center.lon,delete e.center.lat,delete e.projection.rotation.lon,delete e.projection.rotation.lat,delete e.lonaxis.range,delete e.lataxis.range):(delete e.center.lon,delete e.center.lat,delete e.projection.rotation.lon))}e.exports=function(t,e,r){i(t,e,r,{type:"geo",attributes:s,handleDefaults:c,fullData:r,partition:"y"})}},{"../../lib":515,"../get_data":602,"../subplot_defaults":641,"./constants":596,"./layout_attributes":599}],601:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("../../lib"),a=t("../../registry"),o=Math.PI/180,s=180/Math.PI,l={cursor:"pointer"},c={cursor:"auto"};function u(t,e){return n.behavior.zoom().translate(e.translate()).scale(e.scale())}function f(t,e,r){var n=t.id,o=t.graphDiv,s=o.layout,l=s[n],c=o._fullLayout,u=c[n],f={},h={};function p(t,e){f[n+"."+t]=i.nestedProperty(l,t).get(),a.call("_storeDirectGUIEdit",s,c._preGUI,f);var r=i.nestedProperty(u,t);r.get()!==e&&(r.set(e),i.nestedProperty(l,t).set(e),h[n+"."+t]=e)}r(p),p("projection.scale",e.scale()/t.fitScale),p("fitbounds",!1),o.emit("plotly_relayout",h)}function h(t,e){var r=u(0,e);function i(r){var n=e.invert(t.midPt);r("center.lon",n[0]),r("center.lat",n[1])}return r.on("zoomstart",(function(){n.select(this).style(l)})).on("zoom",(function(){e.scale(n.event.scale).translate(n.event.translate),t.render(!0);var r=e.invert(t.midPt);t.graphDiv.emit("plotly_relayouting",{"geo.projection.scale":e.scale()/t.fitScale,"geo.center.lon":r[0],"geo.center.lat":r[1]})})).on("zoomend",(function(){n.select(this).style(c),f(t,e,i)})),r}function p(t,e){var r,i,a,o,s,h,p,d,m,g=u(0,e);function v(t){return e.invert(t)}function y(r){var n=e.rotate(),i=e.invert(t.midPt);r("projection.rotation.lon",-n[0]),r("center.lon",i[0]),r("center.lat",i[1])}return g.on("zoomstart",(function(){n.select(this).style(l),r=n.mouse(this),i=e.rotate(),a=e.translate(),o=i,s=v(r)})).on("zoom",(function(){if(h=n.mouse(this),function(t){var r=v(t);if(!r)return!0;var n=e(r);return Math.abs(n[0]-t[0])>2||Math.abs(n[1]-t[1])>2}(r))return g.scale(e.scale()),void g.translate(e.translate());e.scale(n.event.scale),e.translate([a[0],n.event.translate[1]]),s?v(h)&&(d=v(h),p=[o[0]+(d[0]-s[0]),i[1],i[2]],e.rotate(p),o=p):s=v(r=h),m=!0,t.render(!0);var l=e.rotate(),c=e.invert(t.midPt);t.graphDiv.emit("plotly_relayouting",{"geo.projection.scale":e.scale()/t.fitScale,"geo.center.lon":c[0],"geo.center.lat":c[1],"geo.projection.rotation.lon":-l[0]})})).on("zoomend",(function(){n.select(this).style(c),m&&f(t,e,y)})),g}function d(t,e){var r,i={r:e.rotate(),k:e.scale()},a=u(0,e),o=function(t){var e=0,r=arguments.length,i=[];for(;++e<r;)i.push(arguments[e]);var a=n.dispatch.apply(null,i);return a.of=function(e,r){return function(i){var o;try{o=i.sourceEvent=n.event,i.target=t,n.event=i,a[i.type].apply(e,r)}finally{n.event=o}}},a}(a,"zoomstart","zoom","zoomend"),s=0,h=a.on;function p(t){s++||t({type:"zoomstart"})}function d(t){t({type:"zoom"})}function b(t){--s||t({type:"zoomend"})}function _(t){var r=e.rotate();t("projection.rotation.lon",-r[0]),t("projection.rotation.lat",-r[1])}return a.on("zoomstart",(function(){n.select(this).style(l);var t=n.mouse(this),s=e.rotate(),c=s,u=e.translate(),f=g(s);r=m(e,t),h.call(a,"zoom",(function(){var 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v(t,e){var r=t[0],n=t[1],i=t[2],a=t[3],o=e[0],s=e[1],l=e[2],c=e[3];return[r*o-n*s-i*l-a*c,r*s+n*o+i*c-a*l,r*l-n*c+i*o+a*s,r*c+n*l-i*s+a*o]}function y(t,e){if(t&&e){var r=function(t,e){return[t[1]*e[2]-t[2]*e[1],t[2]*e[0]-t[0]*e[2],t[0]*e[1]-t[1]*e[0]]}(t,e),n=Math.sqrt(k(r,r)),i=.5*Math.acos(Math.max(-1,Math.min(1,k(t,e)))),a=Math.sin(i)/n;return n&&[Math.cos(i),r[2]*a,-r[1]*a,r[0]*a]}}function x(t,e,r){var n=w(e,2,t[0]);n=w(n,1,t[1]),n=w(n,0,t[2]-r[2]);var i,a,o=e[0],l=e[1],c=e[2],u=n[0],f=n[1],h=n[2],p=Math.atan2(l,o)*s,d=Math.sqrt(o*o+l*l);Math.abs(f)>d?(a=(f>0?90:-90)-p,i=0):(a=Math.asin(f/d)*s-p,i=Math.sqrt(d*d-f*f));var m=180-a-2*p,g=(Math.atan2(h,u)-Math.atan2(c,i))*s,v=(Math.atan2(h,u)-Math.atan2(c,-i))*s;return b(r[0],r[1],a,g)<=b(r[0],r[1],m,v)?[a,g,r[2]]:[m,v,r[2]]}function b(t,e,r,n){var i=_(r-t),a=_(n-e);return Math.sqrt(i*i+a*a)}function _(t){return(t%360+540)%360-180}function w(t,e,r){var n=r*o,i=t.slice(),a=0===e?1:0,s=2===e?1:2,l=Math.cos(n),c=Math.sin(n);return 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s=t[o],l=s[0].trace;!0===l.visible&&0!==l._length&&(l._module.plot===r?i.push(s):a.push(s))}return[i,a]},r.getSubplotData=function(t,e,r){if(!n.subplotsRegistry[e])return[];var a,o,s,l=n.subplotsRegistry[e].attr,c=[];if("gl2d"===e){var u=r.match(i);o="x"+u[1],s="y"+u[2]}for(var f=0;f<t.length;f++)a=t[f],"gl2d"===e&&n.traceIs(a,"gl2d")?a[l[0]]===o&&a[l[1]]===s&&c.push(a):a[l]===r&&c.push(a);return c}},{"../registry":647,"./cartesian/constants":573}],603:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("mouse-change"),i=t("mouse-wheel"),a=t("mouse-event-offset"),o=t("../cartesian/constants"),s=t("has-passive-events");function l(t,e){this.element=t,this.plot=e,this.mouseListener=null,this.wheelListener=null,this.lastInputTime=Date.now(),this.lastPos=[0,0],this.boxEnabled=!1,this.boxInited=!1,this.boxStart=[0,0],this.boxEnd=[0,0],this.dragStart=[0,0]}e.exports=function(t){var e=t.mouseContainer,r=t.glplot,c=new l(e,r);function u(){t.xaxis.autorange=!1,t.yaxis.autorange=!1}function f(e,n,i){var a,s,l=t.calcDataBox(),f=r.viewBox,h=c.lastPos[0],p=c.lastPos[1],d=o.MINDRAG*r.pixelRatio,m=o.MINZOOM*r.pixelRatio;function g(e,r,n){var i=Math.min(r,n),a=Math.max(r,n);i!==a?(l[e]=i,l[e+2]=a,c.dataBox=l,t.setRanges(l)):(t.selectBox.selectBox=[0,0,1,1],t.glplot.setDirty())}switch(n*=r.pixelRatio,i*=r.pixelRatio,i=f[3]-f[1]-i,t.fullLayout.dragmode){case"zoom":if(e){var v=n/(f[2]-f[0])*(l[2]-l[0])+l[0],y=i/(f[3]-f[1])*(l[3]-l[1])+l[1];c.boxInited||(c.boxStart[0]=v,c.boxStart[1]=y,c.dragStart[0]=n,c.dragStart[1]=i),c.boxEnd[0]=v,c.boxEnd[1]=y,c.boxInited=!0,c.boxEnabled||c.boxStart[0]===c.boxEnd[0]&&c.boxStart[1]===c.boxEnd[1]||(c.boxEnabled=!0);var x=Math.abs(c.dragStart[0]-n)<m,b=Math.abs(c.dragStart[1]-i)<m;if(!function(){for(var e=t.graphDiv._fullLayout._axisConstraintGroups,r=t.xaxis._id,n=t.yaxis._id,i=0;i<e.length;i++)if(-1!==e[i][r]){if(-1!==e[i][n])return!0;break}return!1}()||x&&b)x&&(c.boxEnd[0]=c.boxStart[0]),b&&(c.boxEnd[1]=c.boxStart[1]);else{a=c.boxEnd[0]-c.boxStart[0],s=c.boxEnd[1]-c.boxStart[1];var _=(l[3]-l[1])/(l[2]-l[0]);Math.abs(a*_)>Math.abs(s)?(c.boxEnd[1]=c.boxStart[1]+Math.abs(a)*_*(s>=0?1:-1),c.boxEnd[1]<l[1]?(c.boxEnd[1]=l[1],c.boxEnd[0]=c.boxStart[0]+(l[1]-c.boxStart[1])/Math.abs(_)):c.boxEnd[1]>l[3]&&(c.boxEnd[1]=l[3],c.boxEnd[0]=c.boxStart[0]+(l[3]-c.boxStart[1])/Math.abs(_))):(c.boxEnd[0]=c.boxStart[0]+Math.abs(s)/_*(a>=0?1:-1),c.boxEnd[0]<l[0]?(c.boxEnd[0]=l[0],c.boxEnd[1]=c.boxStart[1]+(l[0]-c.boxStart[0])*Math.abs(_)):c.boxEnd[0]>l[2]&&(c.boxEnd[0]=l[2],c.boxEnd[1]=c.boxStart[1]+(l[2]-c.boxStart[0])*Math.abs(_)))}}else c.boxEnabled?(a=c.boxStart[0]!==c.boxEnd[0],s=c.boxStart[1]!==c.boxEnd[1],a||s?(a&&(g(0,c.boxStart[0],c.boxEnd[0]),t.xaxis.autorange=!1),s&&(g(1,c.boxStart[1],c.boxEnd[1]),t.yaxis.autorange=!1),t.relayoutCallback()):t.glplot.setDirty(),c.boxEnabled=!1,c.boxInited=!1):c.boxInited&&(c.boxInited=!1);break;case"pan":c.boxEnabled=!1,c.boxInited=!1,e?(c.panning||(c.dragStart[0]=n,c.dragStart[1]=i),Math.abs(c.dragStart[0]-n)<d&&(n=c.dragStart[0]),Math.abs(c.dragStart[1]-i)<d&&(i=c.dragStart[1]),a=(h-n)*(l[2]-l[0])/(r.viewBox[2]-r.viewBox[0]),s=(p-i)*(l[3]-l[1])/(r.viewBox[3]-r.viewBox[1]),l[0]+=a,l[2]+=a,l[1]+=s,l[3]+=s,t.setRanges(l),c.panning=!0,c.lastInputTime=Date.now(),u(),t.cameraChanged(),t.handleAnnotations()):c.panning&&(c.panning=!1,t.relayoutCallback())}c.lastPos[0]=n,c.lastPos[1]=i}return c.mouseListener=n(e,f),e.addEventListener("touchstart",(function(t){var r=a(t.changedTouches[0],e);f(0,r[0],r[1]),f(1,r[0],r[1]),t.preventDefault()}),!!s&&{passive:!1}),e.addEventListener("touchmove",(function(t){t.preventDefault();var r=a(t.changedTouches[0],e);f(1,r[0],r[1]),t.preventDefault()}),!!s&&{passive:!1}),e.addEventListener("touchend",(function(t){f(0,c.lastPos[0],c.lastPos[1]),t.preventDefault()}),!!s&&{passive:!1}),c.wheelListener=i(e,(function(e,n){if(!t.scrollZoom)return!1;var i=t.calcDataBox(),a=r.viewBox,o=c.lastPos[0],s=c.lastPos[1],l=Math.exp(5*n/(a[3]-a[1])),f=o/(a[2]-a[0])*(i[2]-i[0])+i[0],h=s/(a[3]-a[1])*(i[3]-i[1])+i[1];return i[0]=(i[0]-f)*l+f,i[2]=(i[2]-f)*l+f,i[1]=(i[1]-h)*l+h,i[3]=(i[3]-h)*l+h,t.setRanges(i),c.lastInputTime=Date.now(),u(),t.cameraChanged(),t.handleAnnotations(),t.relayoutCallback(),!0}),!0),c}},{"../cartesian/constants":573,"has-passive-events":229,"mouse-change":241,"mouse-event-offset":242,"mouse-wheel":244}],604:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../cartesian/axes"),i=t("../../lib/str2rgbarray");function a(t){this.scene=t,this.gl=t.gl,this.pixelRatio=t.pixelRatio,this.screenBox=[0,0,1,1],this.viewBox=[0,0,1,1],this.dataBox=[-1,-1,1,1],this.borderLineEnable=[!1,!1,!1,!1],this.borderLineWidth=[1,1,1,1],this.borderLineColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.ticks=[[],[]],this.tickEnable=[!0,!0,!1,!1],this.tickPad=[15,15,15,15],this.tickAngle=[0,0,0,0],this.tickColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.tickMarkLength=[0,0,0,0],this.tickMarkWidth=[0,0,0,0],this.tickMarkColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.labels=["x","y"],this.labelEnable=[!0,!0,!1,!1],this.labelAngle=[0,Math.PI/2,0,3*Math.PI/2],this.labelPad=[15,15,15,15],this.labelSize=[12,12],this.labelFont=["sans-serif","sans-serif"],this.labelColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.title="",this.titleEnable=!0,this.titleCenter=[0,0,0,0],this.titleAngle=0,this.titleColor=[0,0,0,1],this.titleFont="sans-serif",this.titleSize=18,this.gridLineEnable=[!0,!0],this.gridLineColor=[[0,0,0,.5],[0,0,0,.5]],this.gridLineWidth=[1,1],this.zeroLineEnable=[!0,!0],this.zeroLineWidth=[1,1],this.zeroLineColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.borderColor=[0,0,0,0],this.backgroundColor=[0,0,0,0],this.static=this.scene.staticPlot}var o=a.prototype,s=["xaxis","yaxis"];o.merge=function(t){var e,r,n,a,o,l,c,u,f,h,p;for(this.titleEnable=!1,this.backgroundColor=i(t.plot_bgcolor),h=0;h<2;++h){var d=(e=s[h]).charAt(0);for(n=(r=t[this.scene[e]._name]).title.text===this.scene.fullLayout._dfltTitle[d]?"":r.title.text,p=0;p<=2;p+=2)this.labelEnable[h+p]=!1,this.labels[h+p]=n,this.labelColor[h+p]=i(r.title.font.color),this.labelFont[h+p]=r.title.font.family,this.labelSize[h+p]=r.title.font.size,this.labelPad[h+p]=this.getLabelPad(e,r),this.tickEnable[h+p]=!1,this.tickColor[h+p]=i((r.tickfont||{}).color),this.tickAngle[h+p]="auto"===r.tickangle?0:Math.PI*-r.tickangle/180,this.tickPad[h+p]=this.getTickPad(r),this.tickMarkLength[h+p]=0,this.tickMarkWidth[h+p]=r.tickwidth||0,this.tickMarkColor[h+p]=i(r.tickcolor),this.borderLineEnable[h+p]=!1,this.borderLineColor[h+p]=i(r.linecolor),this.borderLineWidth[h+p]=r.linewidth||0;c=this.hasSharedAxis(r),o=this.hasAxisInDfltPos(e,r)&&!c,l=this.hasAxisInAltrPos(e,r)&&!c,a=r.mirror||!1,u=c?-1!==String(a).indexOf("all"):!!a,f=c?"allticks"===a:-1!==String(a).indexOf("ticks"),o?this.labelEnable[h]=!0:l&&(this.labelEnable[h+2]=!0),o?this.tickEnable[h]=r.showticklabels:l&&(this.tickEnable[h+2]=r.showticklabels),(o||u)&&(this.borderLineEnable[h]=r.showline),(l||u)&&(this.borderLineEnable[h+2]=r.showline),(o||f)&&(this.tickMarkLength[h]=this.getTickMarkLength(r)),(l||f)&&(this.tickMarkLength[h+2]=this.getTickMarkLength(r)),this.gridLineEnable[h]=r.showgrid,this.gridLineColor[h]=i(r.gridcolor),this.gridLineWidth[h]=r.gridwidth,this.zeroLineEnable[h]=r.zeroline,this.zeroLineColor[h]=i(r.zerolinecolor),this.zeroLineWidth[h]=r.zerolinewidth}},o.hasSharedAxis=function(t){var e=this.scene,r=e.fullLayout._subplots.gl2d;return 0!==n.findSubplotsWithAxis(r,t).indexOf(e.id)},o.hasAxisInDfltPos=function(t,e){var r=e.side;return"xaxis"===t?"bottom"===r:"yaxis"===t?"left"===r:void 0},o.hasAxisInAltrPos=function(t,e){var r=e.side;return"xaxis"===t?"top"===r:"yaxis"===t?"right"===r:void 0},o.getLabelPad=function(t,e){var r=e.title.font.size,n=e.showticklabels;return"xaxis"===t?"top"===e.side?r*(1.5+(n?1:0))-10:r*(1.5+(n?.5:0))-10:"yaxis"===t?"right"===e.side?10+r*(1.5+(n?1:.5)):10+r*(1.5+(n?.5:0)):void 0},o.getTickPad=function(t){return"outside"===t.ticks?10+t.ticklen:15},o.getTickMarkLength=function(t){if(!t.ticks)return 0;var e=t.ticklen;return"inside"===t.ticks?-e:e},e.exports=function(t){return new a(t)}},{"../../lib/str2rgbarray":540,"../cartesian/axes":566}],605:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll,i=t("./scene2d"),a=t("../layout_attributes"),o=t("../../constants/xmlns_namespaces"),s=t("../cartesian/constants"),l=t("../cartesian"),c=t("../../components/fx/layout_attributes"),u=t("../get_data").getSubplotData;r.name="gl2d",r.attr=["xaxis","yaxis"],r.idRoot=["x","y"],r.idRegex=s.idRegex,r.attrRegex=s.attrRegex,r.attributes=t("../cartesian/attributes"),r.supplyLayoutDefaults=function(t,e,r){e._has("cartesian")||l.supplyLayoutDefaults(t,e,r)},r.layoutAttrOverrides=n(l.layoutAttributes,"plot","from-root"),r.baseLayoutAttrOverrides=n({plot_bgcolor:a.plot_bgcolor,hoverlabel:c.hoverlabel},"plot","nested"),r.plot=function(t){for(var e=t._fullLayout,r=t._fullData,n=e._subplots.gl2d,a=0;a<n.length;a++){var o=n[a],s=e._plots[o],l=u(r,"gl2d",o),c=s._scene2d;void 0===c&&(c=new i({id:o,graphDiv:t,container:t.querySelector(".gl-container"),staticPlot:t._context.staticPlot,plotGlPixelRatio:t._context.plotGlPixelRatio},e),s._scene2d=c),c.plot(l,t.calcdata,e,t.layout)}},r.clean=function(t,e,r,n){for(var i=n._subplots.gl2d||[],a=0;a<i.length;a++){var o=i[a],s=n._plots[o];if(s._scene2d){var c=u(t,"gl2d",o);0===c.length&&(s._scene2d.destroy(),delete n._plots[o])}}l.clean.apply(this,arguments)},r.drawFramework=function(t){t._context.staticPlot||l.drawFramework(t)},r.toSVG=function(t){for(var e=t._fullLayout,r=e._subplots.gl2d,n=0;n<r.length;n++){var i=e._plots[r[n]]._scene2d,a=i.toImage("png");e._glimages.append("svg:image").attr({xmlns:o.svg,"xlink:href":a,x:0,y:0,width:"100%",height:"100%",preserveAspectRatio:"none"}),i.destroy()}},r.updateFx=function(t){for(var e=t._fullLayout,r=e._subplots.gl2d,n=0;n<r.length;n++){e._plots[r[n]]._scene2d.updateFx(e.dragmode)}}},{"../../components/fx/layout_attributes":408,"../../constants/xmlns_namespaces":492,"../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../cartesian":578,"../cartesian/attributes":564,"../cartesian/constants":573,"../get_data":602,"../layout_attributes":619,"./scene2d":606}],606:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n,i,a=t("../../registry"),o=t("../../plots/cartesian/axes"),s=t("../../components/fx"),l=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_plot2d,c=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_spikes2d,u=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_select_box,f=t("webgl-context"),h=t("./convert"),p=t("./camera"),d=t("../../lib/show_no_webgl_msg"),m=t("../cartesian/constraints"),g=m.enforce,v=m.clean,y=t("../cartesian/autorange").doAutoRange,x=t("../../components/dragelement/helpers"),b=x.drawMode,_=x.selectMode,w=["xaxis","yaxis"],T=t("../cartesian/constants").SUBPLOT_PATTERN;function k(t,e){this.container=t.container,this.graphDiv=t.graphDiv,this.pixelRatio=t.plotGlPixelRatio||window.devicePixelRatio,this.id=t.id,this.staticPlot=!!t.staticPlot,this.scrollZoom=this.graphDiv._context._scrollZoom.cartesian,this.fullData=null,this.updateRefs(e),this.makeFramework(),this.stopped||(this.glplotOptions=h(this),this.glplotOptions.merge(e),this.glplot=l(this.glplotOptions),this.camera=p(this),this.traces={},this.spikes=c(this.glplot),this.selectBox=u(this.glplot,{innerFill:!1,outerFill:!0}),this.lastButtonState=0,this.pickResult=null,this.isMouseOver=!0,this.stopped=!1,this.redraw=this.draw.bind(this),this.redraw())}e.exports=k;var A=k.prototype;A.makeFramework=function(){if(this.staticPlot){if(!(i||(n=document.createElement("canvas"),i=f({canvas:n,preserveDrawingBuffer:!1,premultipliedAlpha:!0,antialias:!0}))))throw new Error("Error creating static canvas/context for image server");this.canvas=n,this.gl=i}else{var t=this.container.querySelector(".gl-canvas-focus"),e=f({canvas:t,preserveDrawingBuffer:!0,premultipliedAlpha:!0});if(!e)return d(this),void(this.stopped=!0);this.canvas=t,this.gl=e}var r=this.canvas;r.style.width="100%",r.style.height="100%",r.style.position="absolute",r.style.top="0px",r.style.left="0px",r.style["pointer-events"]="none",this.updateSize(r);var a=this.svgContainer=document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","svg");a.style.position="absolute",a.style.top=a.style.left="0px",a.style.width=a.style.height="100%",a.style["z-index"]=20,a.style["pointer-events"]="none";var o=this.mouseContainer=document.createElement("div");o.style.position="absolute",o.style["pointer-events"]="auto",this.pickCanvas=this.container.querySelector(".gl-canvas-pick");var s=this.container;s.appendChild(a),s.appendChild(o);var l=this;o.addEventListener("mouseout",(function(){l.isMouseOver=!1,l.unhover()})),o.addEventListener("mouseover",(function(){l.isMouseOver=!0}))},A.toImage=function(t){t||(t="png"),this.stopped=!0,this.staticPlot&&this.container.appendChild(n),this.updateSize(this.canvas);var e=this.glplot.gl,r=e.drawingBufferWidth,i=e.drawingBufferHeight;e.clearColor(1,1,1,0),e.clear(e.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|e.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT),this.glplot.setDirty(),this.glplot.draw(),e.bindFramebuffer(e.FRAMEBUFFER,null);var a=new Uint8Array(r*i*4);e.readPixels(0,0,r,i,e.RGBA,e.UNSIGNED_BYTE,a);for(var o=0,s=i-1;o<s;++o,--s)for(var l=0;l<r;++l)for(var c=0;c<4;++c){var u=a[4*(r*o+l)+c];a[4*(r*o+l)+c]=a[4*(r*s+l)+c],a[4*(r*s+l)+c]=u}var f=document.createElement("canvas");f.width=r,f.height=i;var h,p=f.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),d=p.createImageData(r,i);switch(d.data.set(a),p.putImageData(d,0,0),t){case"jpeg":h=f.toDataURL("image/jpeg");break;case"webp":h=f.toDataURL("image/webp");break;default:h=f.toDataURL("image/png")}return this.staticPlot&&this.container.removeChild(n),h},A.updateSize=function(t){t||(t=this.canvas);var e=this.pixelRatio,r=this.fullLayout,n=r.width,i=r.height,a=0|Math.ceil(e*n),o=0|Math.ceil(e*i);return t.width===a&&t.height===o||(t.width=a,t.height=o),t},A.computeTickMarks=function(){this.xaxis.setScale(),this.yaxis.setScale();for(var t=[o.calcTicks(this.xaxis),o.calcTicks(this.yaxis)],e=0;e<2;++e)for(var r=0;r<t[e].length;++r)t[e][r].text=t[e][r].text+"";return t},A.updateRefs=function(t){this.fullLayout=t;var e=this.id.match(T),r="xaxis"+e[1],n="yaxis"+e[2];this.xaxis=this.fullLayout[r],this.yaxis=this.fullLayout[n]},A.relayoutCallback=function(){var t=this.graphDiv,e=this.xaxis,r=this.yaxis,n=t.layout,i={},o=i[e._name+".range"]=e.range.slice(),s=i[r._name+".range"]=r.range.slice();i[e._name+".autorange"]=e.autorange,i[r._name+".autorange"]=r.autorange,a.call("_storeDirectGUIEdit",t.layout,t._fullLayout._preGUI,i);var l=n[e._name];l.range=o,l.autorange=e.autorange;var c=n[r._name];c.range=s,c.autorange=r.autorange,i.lastInputTime=this.camera.lastInputTime,t.emit("plotly_relayout",i)},A.cameraChanged=function(){var t=this.camera;this.glplot.setDataBox(this.calcDataBox());var e=this.computeTickMarks();(function(t,e){for(var r=0;r<2;++r){var n=t[r],i=e[r];if(n.length!==i.length)return!0;for(var a=0;a<n.length;++a)if(n[a].x!==i[a].x)return!0}return!1})(e,this.glplotOptions.ticks)&&(this.glplotOptions.ticks=e,this.glplotOptions.dataBox=t.dataBox,this.glplot.update(this.glplotOptions),this.handleAnnotations())},A.handleAnnotations=function(){for(var t=this.graphDiv,e=this.fullLayout.annotations,r=0;r<e.length;r++){var n=e[r];n.xref===this.xaxis._id&&n.yref===this.yaxis._id&&a.getComponentMethod("annotations","drawOne")(t,r)}},A.destroy=function(){if(this.glplot){var t=this.traces;t&&Object.keys(t).map((function(e){t[e].dispose(),delete t[e]})),this.glplot.dispose(),this.container.removeChild(this.svgContainer),this.container.removeChild(this.mouseContainer),this.fullData=null,this.glplot=null,this.stopped=!0,this.camera.mouseListener.enabled=!1,this.mouseContainer.removeEventListener("wheel",this.camera.wheelListener),this.camera=null}},A.plot=function(t,e,r){var n=this.glplot;this.updateRefs(r),this.xaxis.clearCalc(),this.yaxis.clearCalc(),this.updateTraces(t,e),this.updateFx(r.dragmode);var i=r.width,a=r.height;this.updateSize(this.canvas);var o=this.glplotOptions;o.merge(r),o.screenBox=[0,0,i,a];var s={_fullLayout:{_axisConstraintGroups:r._axisConstraintGroups,xaxis:this.xaxis,yaxis:this.yaxis,_size:r._size}};v(s,this.xaxis),v(s,this.yaxis);var l,c,u=r._size,f=this.xaxis.domain,h=this.yaxis.domain;for(o.viewBox=[u.l+f[0]*u.w,u.b+h[0]*u.h,i-u.r-(1-f[1])*u.w,a-u.t-(1-h[1])*u.h],this.mouseContainer.style.width=u.w*(f[1]-f[0])+"px",this.mouseContainer.style.height=u.h*(h[1]-h[0])+"px",this.mouseContainer.height=u.h*(h[1]-h[0]),this.mouseContainer.style.left=u.l+f[0]*u.w+"px",this.mouseContainer.style.top=u.t+(1-h[1])*u.h+"px",c=0;c<2;++c)(l=this[w[c]])._length=o.viewBox[c+2]-o.viewBox[c],y(this.graphDiv,l),l.setScale();g(s),o.ticks=this.computeTickMarks(),o.dataBox=this.calcDataBox(),o.merge(r),n.update(o),this.glplot.draw()},A.calcDataBox=function(){var t=this.xaxis,e=this.yaxis,r=t.range,n=e.range,i=t.r2l,a=e.r2l;return[i(r[0]),a(n[0]),i(r[1]),a(n[1])]},A.setRanges=function(t){var e=this.xaxis,r=this.yaxis,n=e.l2r,i=r.l2r;e.range=[n(t[0]),n(t[2])],r.range=[i(t[1]),i(t[3])]},A.updateTraces=function(t,e){var r,n,i,a=Object.keys(this.traces);this.fullData=t;t:for(r=0;r<a.length;r++){var o=a[r],s=this.traces[o];for(n=0;n<t.length;n++)if((i=t[n]).uid===o&&i.type===s.type)continue t;s.dispose(),delete this.traces[o]}for(r=0;r<t.length;r++){i=t[r];var l=e[r],c=this.traces[i.uid];c?c.update(i,l):(c=i._module.plot(this,i,l),this.traces[i.uid]=c)}this.glplot.objects.sort((function(t,e){return t._trace.index-e._trace.index}))},A.updateFx=function(t){_(t)||b(t)?(this.pickCanvas.style["pointer-events"]="none",this.mouseContainer.style["pointer-events"]="none"):(this.pickCanvas.style["pointer-events"]="auto",this.mouseContainer.style["pointer-events"]="auto"),this.mouseContainer.style.cursor="pan"===t?"move":"zoom"===t?"crosshair":null},A.emitPointAction=function(t,e){for(var r,n=t.trace.uid,i=t.pointIndex,a=0;a<this.fullData.length;a++)this.fullData[a].uid===n&&(r=this.fullData[a]);var o={x:t.traceCoord[0],y:t.traceCoord[1],curveNumber:r.index,pointNumber:i,data:r._input,fullData:this.fullData,xaxis:this.xaxis,yaxis:this.yaxis};s.appendArrayPointValue(o,r,i),this.graphDiv.emit(e,{points:[o]})},A.draw=function(){if(!this.stopped){requestAnimationFrame(this.redraw);var t=this.glplot,e=this.camera,r=e.mouseListener,n=1===this.lastButtonState&&0===r.buttons,i=this.fullLayout;this.lastButtonState=r.buttons,this.cameraChanged();var a,o=r.x*t.pixelRatio,l=this.canvas.height-t.pixelRatio*r.y;if(e.boxEnabled&&"zoom"===i.dragmode){this.selectBox.enabled=!0;for(var c=this.selectBox.selectBox=[Math.min(e.boxStart[0],e.boxEnd[0]),Math.min(e.boxStart[1],e.boxEnd[1]),Math.max(e.boxStart[0],e.boxEnd[0]),Math.max(e.boxStart[1],e.boxEnd[1])],u=0;u<2;u++)e.boxStart[u]===e.boxEnd[u]&&(c[u]=t.dataBox[u],c[u+2]=t.dataBox[u+2]);t.setDirty()}else if(!e.panning&&this.isMouseOver){this.selectBox.enabled=!1;var f=i._size,h=this.xaxis.domain,p=this.yaxis.domain,d=(a=t.pick(o/t.pixelRatio+f.l+h[0]*f.w,l/t.pixelRatio-(f.t+(1-p[1])*f.h)))&&a.object._trace.handlePick(a);if(d&&n&&this.emitPointAction(d,"plotly_click"),a&&"skip"!==a.object._trace.hoverinfo&&i.hovermode&&d&&(!this.lastPickResult||this.lastPickResult.traceUid!==d.trace.uid||this.lastPickResult.dataCoord[0]!==d.dataCoord[0]||this.lastPickResult.dataCoord[1]!==d.dataCoord[1])){var m=d;this.lastPickResult={traceUid:d.trace?d.trace.uid:null,dataCoord:d.dataCoord.slice()},this.spikes.update({center:a.dataCoord}),m.screenCoord=[((t.viewBox[2]-t.viewBox[0])*(a.dataCoord[0]-t.dataBox[0])/(t.dataBox[2]-t.dataBox[0])+t.viewBox[0])/t.pixelRatio,(this.canvas.height-(t.viewBox[3]-t.viewBox[1])*(a.dataCoord[1]-t.dataBox[1])/(t.dataBox[3]-t.dataBox[1])-t.viewBox[1])/t.pixelRatio],this.emitPointAction(d,"plotly_hover");var g=this.fullData[m.trace.index]||{},v=m.pointIndex,y=s.castHoverinfo(g,i,v);if(y&&"all"!==y){var x=y.split("+");-1===x.indexOf("x")&&(m.traceCoord[0]=void 0),-1===x.indexOf("y")&&(m.traceCoord[1]=void 0),-1===x.indexOf("z")&&(m.traceCoord[2]=void 0),-1===x.indexOf("text")&&(m.textLabel=void 0),-1===x.indexOf("name")&&(m.name=void 0)}s.loneHover({x:m.screenCoord[0],y:m.screenCoord[1],xLabel:this.hoverFormatter("xaxis",m.traceCoord[0]),yLabel:this.hoverFormatter("yaxis",m.traceCoord[1]),zLabel:m.traceCoord[2],text:m.textLabel,name:m.name,color:s.castHoverOption(g,v,"bgcolor")||m.color,borderColor:s.castHoverOption(g,v,"bordercolor"),fontFamily:s.castHoverOption(g,v,"font.family"),fontSize:s.castHoverOption(g,v,"font.size"),fontColor:s.castHoverOption(g,v,"font.color"),nameLength:s.castHoverOption(g,v,"namelength"),textAlign:s.castHoverOption(g,v,"align")},{container:this.svgContainer,gd:this.graphDiv})}}a||this.unhover(),t.draw()}},A.unhover=function(){this.lastPickResult&&(this.spikes.update({}),this.lastPickResult=null,this.graphDiv.emit("plotly_unhover"),s.loneUnhover(this.svgContainer))},A.hoverFormatter=function(t,e){if(void 0!==e){var r=this[t];return o.tickText(r,r.c2l(e),"hover").text}}},{"../../../stackgl_modules":1133,"../../components/dragelement/helpers":385,"../../components/fx":407,"../../lib/show_no_webgl_msg":537,"../../plots/cartesian/axes":566,"../../registry":647,"../cartesian/autorange":565,"../cartesian/constants":573,"../cartesian/constraints":574,"./camera":603,"./convert":604,"webgl-context":332}],607:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll,i=t("../../components/fx/layout_attributes"),a=t("./scene"),o=t("../get_data").getSubplotData,s=t("../../lib"),l=t("../../constants/xmlns_namespaces");r.name="gl3d",r.attr="scene",r.idRoot="scene",r.idRegex=r.attrRegex=s.counterRegex("scene"),r.attributes=t("./layout/attributes"),r.layoutAttributes=t("./layout/layout_attributes"),r.baseLayoutAttrOverrides=n({hoverlabel:i.hoverlabel},"plot","nested"),r.supplyLayoutDefaults=t("./layout/defaults"),r.plot=function(t){for(var e=t._fullLayout,r=t._fullData,n=e._subplots.gl3d,i=0;i<n.length;i++){var s=n[i],l=o(r,"gl3d",s),c=e[s],u=c.camera,f=c._scene;f||(f=new a({id:s,graphDiv:t,container:t.querySelector(".gl-container"),staticPlot:t._context.staticPlot,plotGlPixelRatio:t._context.plotGlPixelRatio,camera:u},e),c._scene=f),f.viewInitial||(f.viewInitial={up:{x:u.up.x,y:u.up.y,z:u.up.z},eye:{x:u.eye.x,y:u.eye.y,z:u.eye.z},center:{x:u.center.x,y:u.center.y,z:u.center.z}}),f.plot(l,e,t.layout)}},r.clean=function(t,e,r,n){for(var i=n._subplots.gl3d||[],a=0;a<i.length;a++){var o=i[a];!e[o]&&n[o]._scene&&(n[o]._scene.destroy(),n._infolayer&&n._infolayer.selectAll(".annotation-"+o).remove())}},r.toSVG=function(t){for(var e=t._fullLayout,r=e._subplots.gl3d,n=e._size,i=0;i<r.length;i++){var a=e[r[i]],o=a.domain,s=a._scene,c=s.toImage("png");e._glimages.append("svg:image").attr({xmlns:l.svg,"xlink:href":c,x:n.l+n.w*o.x[0],y:n.t+n.h*(1-o.y[1]),width:n.w*(o.x[1]-o.x[0]),height:n.h*(o.y[1]-o.y[0]),preserveAspectRatio:"none"}),s.destroy()}},r.cleanId=function(t){if(t.match(/^scene[0-9]*$/)){var e=t.substr(5);return"1"===e&&(e=""),"scene"+e}},r.updateFx=function(t){for(var e=t._fullLayout,r=e._subplots.gl3d,n=0;n<r.length;n++){e[r[n]]._scene.updateFx(e.dragmode,e.hovermode)}}},{"../../components/fx/layout_attributes":408,"../../constants/xmlns_namespaces":492,"../../lib":515,"../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../get_data":602,"./layout/attributes":608,"./layout/defaults":612,"./layout/layout_attributes":613,"./scene":617}],608:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports={scene:{valType:"subplotid",dflt:"scene",editType:"calc+clearAxisTypes"}}},{}],609:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../../components/color"),i=t("../../cartesian/layout_attributes"),a=t("../../../lib/extend").extendFlat,o=t("../../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll;e.exports=o({visible:i.visible,showspikes:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0},spikesides:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0},spikethickness:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:2},spikecolor:{valType:"color",dflt:n.defaultLine},showbackground:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},backgroundcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:"rgba(204, 204, 204, 0.5)"},showaxeslabels:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0},color:i.color,categoryorder:i.categoryorder,categoryarray:i.categoryarray,title:{text:i.title.text,font:i.title.font},type:a({},i.type,{values:["-","linear","log","date","category"]}),autotypenumbers:i.autotypenumbers,autorange:i.autorange,rangemode:i.rangemode,range:a({},i.range,{items:[{valType:"any",editType:"plot",impliedEdits:{"^autorange":!1}},{valType:"any",editType:"plot",impliedEdits:{"^autorange":!1}}],anim:!1}),tickmode:i.tickmode,nticks:i.nticks,tick0:i.tick0,dtick:i.dtick,tickvals:i.tickvals,ticktext:i.ticktext,ticks:i.ticks,mirror:i.mirror,ticklen:i.ticklen,tickwidth:i.tickwidth,tickcolor:i.tickcolor,showticklabels:i.showticklabels,tickfont:i.tickfont,tickangle:i.tickangle,tickprefix:i.tickprefix,showtickprefix:i.showtickprefix,ticksuffix:i.ticksuffix,showticksuffix:i.showticksuffix,showexponent:i.showexponent,exponentformat:i.exponentformat,minexponent:i.minexponent,separatethousands:i.separatethousands,tickformat:i.tickformat,tickformatstops:i.tickformatstops,hoverformat:i.hoverformat,showline:i.showline,linecolor:i.linecolor,linewidth:i.linewidth,showgrid:i.showgrid,gridcolor:a({},i.gridcolor,{dflt:"rgb(204, 204, 204)"}),gridwidth:i.gridwidth,zeroline:i.zeroline,zerolinecolor:i.zerolinecolor,zerolinewidth:i.zerolinewidth,_deprecated:{title:i._deprecated.title,titlefont:i._deprecated.titlefont}},"plot","from-root")},{"../../../components/color":367,"../../../lib/extend":505,"../../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../../cartesian/layout_attributes":579}],610:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("tinycolor2").mix,i=t("../../../lib"),a=t("../../../plot_api/plot_template"),o=t("./axis_attributes"),s=t("../../cartesian/type_defaults"),l=t("../../cartesian/axis_defaults"),c=["xaxis","yaxis","zaxis"];e.exports=function(t,e,r){var u,f;function h(t,e){return i.coerce(u,f,o,t,e)}for(var p=0;p<c.length;p++){var d=c[p];u=t[d]||{},(f=a.newContainer(e,d))._id=d[0]+r.scene,f._name=d,s(u,f,h,r),l(u,f,h,{font:r.font,letter:d[0],data:r.data,showGrid:!0,noTickson:!0,noTicklabelmode:!0,noTicklabelstep:!0,noTicklabelposition:!0,noTicklabeloverflow:!0,bgColor:r.bgColor,calendar:r.calendar},r.fullLayout),h("gridcolor",n(f.color,r.bgColor,13600/187).toRgbString()),h("title.text",d[0]),f.setScale=i.noop,h("showspikes")&&(h("spikesides"),h("spikethickness"),h("spikecolor",f.color)),h("showaxeslabels"),h("showbackground")&&h("backgroundcolor")}}},{"../../../lib":515,"../../../plot_api/plot_template":555,"../../cartesian/axis_defaults":568,"../../cartesian/type_defaults":591,"./axis_attributes":609,tinycolor2:313}],611:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../../lib/str2rgbarray"),i=t("../../../lib"),a=["xaxis","yaxis","zaxis"];function o(){this.bounds=[[-10,-10,-10],[10,10,10]],this.ticks=[[],[],[]],this.tickEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.tickFont=["sans-serif","sans-serif","sans-serif"],this.tickSize=[12,12,12],this.tickAngle=[0,0,0],this.tickColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.tickPad=[18,18,18],this.labels=["x","y","z"],this.labelEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.labelFont=["Open Sans","Open Sans","Open Sans"],this.labelSize=[20,20,20],this.labelColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.labelPad=[30,30,30],this.lineEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.lineMirror=[!1,!1,!1],this.lineWidth=[1,1,1],this.lineColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.lineTickEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.lineTickMirror=[!1,!1,!1],this.lineTickLength=[10,10,10],this.lineTickWidth=[1,1,1],this.lineTickColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.gridEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.gridWidth=[1,1,1],this.gridColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.zeroEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.zeroLineColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.zeroLineWidth=[2,2,2],this.backgroundEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.backgroundColor=[[.8,.8,.8,.5],[.8,.8,.8,.5],[.8,.8,.8,.5]],this._defaultTickPad=this.tickPad.slice(),this._defaultLabelPad=this.labelPad.slice(),this._defaultLineTickLength=this.lineTickLength.slice()}o.prototype.merge=function(t,e){for(var r=0;r<3;++r){var o=e[a[r]];o.visible?(this.labels[r]=t._meta?i.templateString(o.title.text,t._meta):o.title.text,"font"in o.title&&(o.title.font.color&&(this.labelColor[r]=n(o.title.font.color)),o.title.font.family&&(this.labelFont[r]=o.title.font.family),o.title.font.size&&(this.labelSize[r]=o.title.font.size)),"showline"in o&&(this.lineEnable[r]=o.showline),"linecolor"in o&&(this.lineColor[r]=n(o.linecolor)),"linewidth"in o&&(this.lineWidth[r]=o.linewidth),"showgrid"in o&&(this.gridEnable[r]=o.showgrid),"gridcolor"in o&&(this.gridColor[r]=n(o.gridcolor)),"gridwidth"in o&&(this.gridWidth[r]=o.gridwidth),"log"===o.type?this.zeroEnable[r]=!1:"zeroline"in o&&(this.zeroEnable[r]=o.zeroline),"zerolinecolor"in o&&(this.zeroLineColor[r]=n(o.zerolinecolor)),"zerolinewidth"in o&&(this.zeroLineWidth[r]=o.zerolinewidth),"ticks"in o&&o.ticks?this.lineTickEnable[r]=!0:this.lineTickEnable[r]=!1,"ticklen"in o&&(this.lineTickLength[r]=this._defaultLineTickLength[r]=o.ticklen),"tickcolor"in o&&(this.lineTickColor[r]=n(o.tickcolor)),"tickwidth"in o&&(this.lineTickWidth[r]=o.tickwidth),"tickangle"in o&&(this.tickAngle[r]="auto"===o.tickangle?-3600:Math.PI*-o.tickangle/180),"showticklabels"in o&&(this.tickEnable[r]=o.showticklabels),"tickfont"in o&&(o.tickfont.color&&(this.tickColor[r]=n(o.tickfont.color)),o.tickfont.family&&(this.tickFont[r]=o.tickfont.family),o.tickfont.size&&(this.tickSize[r]=o.tickfont.size)),"mirror"in o?-1!==["ticks","all","allticks"].indexOf(o.mirror)?(this.lineTickMirror[r]=!0,this.lineMirror[r]=!0):!0===o.mirror?(this.lineTickMirror[r]=!1,this.lineMirror[r]=!0):(this.lineTickMirror[r]=!1,this.lineMirror[r]=!1):this.lineMirror[r]=!1,"showbackground"in o&&!1!==o.showbackground?(this.backgroundEnable[r]=!0,this.backgroundColor[r]=n(o.backgroundcolor)):this.backgroundEnable[r]=!1):(this.tickEnable[r]=!1,this.labelEnable[r]=!1,this.lineEnable[r]=!1,this.lineTickEnable[r]=!1,this.gridEnable[r]=!1,this.zeroEnable[r]=!1,this.backgroundEnable[r]=!1)}},e.exports=function(t,e){var r=new o;return r.merge(t,e),r}},{"../../../lib":515,"../../../lib/str2rgbarray":540}],612:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../../lib"),i=t("../../../components/color"),a=t("../../../registry"),o=t("../../subplot_defaults"),s=t("./axis_defaults"),l=t("./layout_attributes"),c=t("../../get_data").getSubplotData;function u(t,e,r,n){for(var o=r("bgcolor"),l=i.combine(o,n.paper_bgcolor),u=["up","center","eye"],f=0;f<u.length;f++)r("camera."+u[f]+".x"),r("camera."+u[f]+".y"),r("camera."+u[f]+".z");r("camera.projection.type");var h=!!r("aspectratio.x")&&!!r("aspectratio.y")&&!!r("aspectratio.z"),p=r("aspectmode",h?"manual":"auto");h||(t.aspectratio=e.aspectratio={x:1,y:1,z:1},"manual"===p&&(e.aspectmode="auto"),t.aspectmode=e.aspectmode);var d=c(n.fullData,"gl3d",n.id);s(t,e,{font:n.font,scene:n.id,data:d,bgColor:l,calendar:n.calendar,autotypenumbersDflt:n.autotypenumbersDflt,fullLayout:n.fullLayout}),a.getComponentMethod("annotations3d","handleDefaults")(t,e,n);var m=n.getDfltFromLayout("dragmode");if(!1!==m&&!m)if(m="orbit",t.camera&&t.camera.up){var g=t.camera.up.x,v=t.camera.up.y,y=t.camera.up.z;0!==y&&(g&&v&&y?y/Math.sqrt(g*g+v*v+y*y)>.999&&(m="turntable"):m="turntable")}else m="turntable";r("dragmode",m),r("hovermode",n.getDfltFromLayout("hovermode"))}e.exports=function(t,e,r){var i=e._basePlotModules.length>1;o(t,e,r,{type:"gl3d",attributes:l,handleDefaults:u,fullLayout:e,font:e.font,fullData:r,getDfltFromLayout:function(e){if(!i)return n.validate(t[e],l[e])?t[e]:void 0},autotypenumbersDflt:e.autotypenumbers,paper_bgcolor:e.paper_bgcolor,calendar:e.calendar})}},{"../../../components/color":367,"../../../lib":515,"../../../registry":647,"../../get_data":602,"../../subplot_defaults":641,"./axis_defaults":610,"./layout_attributes":613}],613:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("./axis_attributes"),i=t("../../domain").attributes,a=t("../../../lib/extend").extendFlat,o=t("../../../lib").counterRegex;function s(t,e,r){return{x:{valType:"number",dflt:t,editType:"camera"},y:{valType:"number",dflt:e,editType:"camera"},z:{valType:"number",dflt:r,editType:"camera"},editType:"camera"}}e.exports={_arrayAttrRegexps:[o("scene",".annotations",!0)],bgcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:"rgba(0,0,0,0)",editType:"plot"},camera:{up:a(s(0,0,1),{}),center:a(s(0,0,0),{}),eye:a(s(1.25,1.25,1.25),{}),projection:{type:{valType:"enumerated",values:["perspective","orthographic"],dflt:"perspective",editType:"calc"},editType:"calc"},editType:"camera"},domain:i({name:"scene",editType:"plot"}),aspectmode:{valType:"enumerated",values:["auto","cube","data","manual"],dflt:"auto",editType:"plot",impliedEdits:{"aspectratio.x":void 0,"aspectratio.y":void 0,"aspectratio.z":void 0}},aspectratio:{x:{valType:"number",min:0,editType:"plot",impliedEdits:{"^aspectmode":"manual"}},y:{valType:"number",min:0,editType:"plot",impliedEdits:{"^aspectmode":"manual"}},z:{valType:"number",min:0,editType:"plot",impliedEdits:{"^aspectmode":"manual"}},editType:"plot",impliedEdits:{aspectmode:"manual"}},xaxis:n,yaxis:n,zaxis:n,dragmode:{valType:"enumerated",values:["orbit","turntable","zoom","pan",!1],editType:"plot"},hovermode:{valType:"enumerated",values:["closest",!1],dflt:"closest",editType:"modebar"},uirevision:{valType:"any",editType:"none"},editType:"plot",_deprecated:{cameraposition:{valType:"info_array",editType:"camera"}}}},{"../../../lib":515,"../../../lib/extend":505,"../../domain":593,"./axis_attributes":609}],614:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../../lib/str2rgbarray"),i=["xaxis","yaxis","zaxis"];function a(){this.enabled=[!0,!0,!0],this.colors=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.drawSides=[!0,!0,!0],this.lineWidth=[1,1,1]}a.prototype.merge=function(t){for(var e=0;e<3;++e){var r=t[i[e]];r.visible?(this.enabled[e]=r.showspikes,this.colors[e]=n(r.spikecolor),this.drawSides[e]=r.spikesides,this.lineWidth[e]=r.spikethickness):(this.enabled[e]=!1,this.drawSides[e]=!1)}},e.exports=function(t){var e=new a;return e.merge(t),e}},{"../../../lib/str2rgbarray":540}],615:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){for(var e=t.axesOptions,r=t.glplot.axesPixels,s=t.fullSceneLayout,l=[[],[],[]],c=0;c<3;++c){var u=s[a[c]];if(u._length=(r[c].hi-r[c].lo)*r[c].pixelsPerDataUnit/t.dataScale[c],Math.abs(u._length)===1/0||isNaN(u._length))l[c]=[];else{u._input_range=u.range.slice(),u.range[0]=r[c].lo/t.dataScale[c],u.range[1]=r[c].hi/t.dataScale[c],u._m=1/(t.dataScale[c]*r[c].pixelsPerDataUnit),u.range[0]===u.range[1]&&(u.range[0]-=1,u.range[1]+=1);var f=u.tickmode;if("auto"===u.tickmode){u.tickmode="linear";var h=u.nticks||i.constrain(u._length/40,4,9);n.autoTicks(u,Math.abs(u.range[1]-u.range[0])/h)}for(var p=n.calcTicks(u,{msUTC:!0}),d=0;d<p.length;++d)p[d].x=p[d].x*t.dataScale[c],"date"===u.type&&(p[d].text=p[d].text.replace(/\<br\>/g," "));l[c]=p,u.tickmode=f}}e.ticks=l;for(c=0;c<3;++c){o[c]=.5*(t.glplot.bounds[0][c]+t.glplot.bounds[1][c]);for(d=0;d<2;++d)e.bounds[d][c]=t.glplot.bounds[d][c]}t.contourLevels=function(t){for(var e=new Array(3),r=0;r<3;++r){for(var n=t[r],i=new Array(n.length),a=0;a<n.length;++a)i[a]=n[a].x;e[r]=i}return e}(l)};var n=t("../../cartesian/axes"),i=t("../../../lib"),a=["xaxis","yaxis","zaxis"],o=[0,0,0]},{"../../../lib":515,"../../cartesian/axes":566}],616:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";function n(t,e){var r,n,i=[0,0,0,0];for(r=0;r<4;++r)for(n=0;n<4;++n)i[n]+=t[4*r+n]*e[r];return i}e.exports=function(t,e){return n(t.projection,n(t.view,n(t.model,[e[0],e[1],e[2],1])))}},{}],617:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n,i,a=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_plot3d,o=a.createCamera,s=a.createScene,l=t("webgl-context"),c=t("has-passive-events"),u=t("../../registry"),f=t("../../lib"),h=f.preserveDrawingBuffer(),p=t("../../plots/cartesian/axes"),d=t("../../components/fx"),m=t("../../lib/str2rgbarray"),g=t("../../lib/show_no_webgl_msg"),v=t("./project"),y=t("./layout/convert"),x=t("./layout/spikes"),b=t("./layout/tick_marks");function _(t,e){var r=document.createElement("div"),n=t.container;this.graphDiv=t.graphDiv;var i=document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","svg");i.style.position="absolute",i.style.top=i.style.left="0px",i.style.width=i.style.height="100%",i.style["z-index"]=20,i.style["pointer-events"]="none",r.appendChild(i),this.svgContainer=i,r.id=t.id,r.style.position="absolute",r.style.top=r.style.left="0px",r.style.width=r.style.height="100%",n.appendChild(r),this.fullLayout=e,this.id=t.id||"scene",this.fullSceneLayout=e[this.id],this.plotArgs=[[],{},{}],this.axesOptions=y(e,e[this.id]),this.spikeOptions=x(e[this.id]),this.container=r,this.staticMode=!!t.staticPlot,this.pixelRatio=this.pixelRatio||t.plotGlPixelRatio||2,this.dataScale=[1,1,1],this.contourLevels=[[],[],[]],this.convertAnnotations=u.getComponentMethod("annotations3d","convert"),this.drawAnnotations=u.getComponentMethod("annotations3d","draw"),this.initializeGLPlot()}var w=_.prototype;w.prepareOptions=function(){var t={canvas:this.canvas,gl:this.gl,glOptions:{preserveDrawingBuffer:h,premultipliedAlpha:!0,antialias:!0},container:this.container,axes:this.axesOptions,spikes:this.spikeOptions,pickRadius:10,snapToData:!0,autoScale:!0,autoBounds:!1,cameraObject:this.camera,pixelRatio:this.pixelRatio};if(this.staticMode){if(!(i||(n=document.createElement("canvas"),i=l({canvas:n,preserveDrawingBuffer:!0,premultipliedAlpha:!0,antialias:!0}))))throw new Error("error creating static canvas/context for image server");t.gl=i,t.canvas=n}return t};var T=!0;w.tryCreatePlot=function(){var t=this.prepareOptions(),e=!0;try{this.glplot=s(t)}catch(r){if(this.staticMode||!T||h)e=!1;else{f.warn(["webgl setup failed possibly due to","false preserveDrawingBuffer config.","The mobile/tablet device may not be detected by is-mobile module.","Enabling preserveDrawingBuffer in second attempt to create webgl scene..."].join(" "));try{h=t.glOptions.preserveDrawingBuffer=!0,this.glplot=s(t)}catch(r){h=t.glOptions.preserveDrawingBuffer=!1,e=!1}}}return T=!1,e},w.initializeGLCamera=function(){var t=this.fullSceneLayout.camera,e="orthographic"===t.projection.type;this.camera=o(this.container,{center:[t.center.x,t.center.y,t.center.z],eye:[t.eye.x,t.eye.y,t.eye.z],up:[t.up.x,t.up.y,t.up.z],_ortho:e,zoomMin:.01,zoomMax:100,mode:"orbit"})},w.initializeGLPlot=function(){var t=this;if(t.initializeGLCamera(),!t.tryCreatePlot())return g(t);t.traces={},t.make4thDimension();var e=t.graphDiv,r=e.layout,n=function(){var e={};return t.isCameraChanged(r)&&(e[t.id+".camera"]=t.getCamera()),t.isAspectChanged(r)&&(e[t.id+".aspectratio"]=t.glplot.getAspectratio(),"manual"!==r[t.id].aspectmode&&(t.fullSceneLayout.aspectmode=r[t.id].aspectmode=e[t.id+".aspectmode"]="manual")),e},i=function(t){if(!1!==t.fullSceneLayout.dragmode){var e=n();t.saveLayout(r),t.graphDiv.emit("plotly_relayout",e)}};return t.glplot.canvas&&(t.glplot.canvas.addEventListener("mouseup",(function(){i(t)})),t.glplot.canvas.addEventListener("wheel",(function(r){if(e._context._scrollZoom.gl3d){if(t.camera._ortho){var n=r.deltaX>r.deltaY?1.1:1/1.1,a=t.glplot.getAspectratio();t.glplot.setAspectratio({x:n*a.x,y:n*a.y,z:n*a.z})}i(t)}}),!!c&&{passive:!1}),t.glplot.canvas.addEventListener("mousemove",(function(){if(!1!==t.fullSceneLayout.dragmode&&0!==t.camera.mouseListener.buttons){var e=n();t.graphDiv.emit("plotly_relayouting",e)}})),t.staticMode||t.glplot.canvas.addEventListener("webglcontextlost",(function(r){e&&e.emit&&e.emit("plotly_webglcontextlost",{event:r,layer:t.id})}),!1)),t.glplot.oncontextloss=function(){t.recoverContext()},t.glplot.onrender=function(){t.render()},!0},w.render=function(){var t,e=this,r=e.graphDiv,n=e.svgContainer,i=e.container.getBoundingClientRect();r._fullLayout._calcInverseTransform(r);var a=r._fullLayout._invScaleX,o=r._fullLayout._invScaleY,s=i.width*a,l=i.height*o;n.setAttributeNS(null,"viewBox","0 0 "+s+" "+l),n.setAttributeNS(null,"width",s),n.setAttributeNS(null,"height",l),b(e),e.glplot.axes.update(e.axesOptions);for(var c=Object.keys(e.traces),u=null,h=e.glplot.selection,m=0;m<c.length;++m)"skip"!==(t=e.traces[c[m]]).data.hoverinfo&&t.handlePick(h)&&(u=t),t.setContourLevels&&t.setContourLevels();function g(t,r,n){var i=e.fullSceneLayout[t+"axis"];return"log"!==i.type&&(r=i.d2l(r)),p.hoverLabelText(i,r,n)}if(null!==u){var y=v(e.glplot.cameraParams,h.dataCoordinate);t=u.data;var x,_=r._fullData[t.index],w=h.index,T={xLabel:g("x",h.traceCoordinate[0],t.xhoverformat),yLabel:g("y",h.traceCoordinate[1],t.yhoverformat),zLabel:g("z",h.traceCoordinate[2],t.zhoverformat)},k=d.castHoverinfo(_,e.fullLayout,w),A=(k||"").split("+"),M=k&&"all"===k;_.hovertemplate||M||(-1===A.indexOf("x")&&(T.xLabel=void 0),-1===A.indexOf("y")&&(T.yLabel=void 0),-1===A.indexOf("z")&&(T.zLabel=void 0),-1===A.indexOf("text")&&(h.textLabel=void 0),-1===A.indexOf("name")&&(u.name=void 0));var S=[];"cone"===t.type||"streamtube"===t.type?(T.uLabel=g("x",h.traceCoordinate[3],t.uhoverformat),(M||-1!==A.indexOf("u"))&&S.push("u: "+T.uLabel),T.vLabel=g("y",h.traceCoordinate[4],t.vhoverformat),(M||-1!==A.indexOf("v"))&&S.push("v: "+T.vLabel),T.wLabel=g("z",h.traceCoordinate[5],t.whoverformat),(M||-1!==A.indexOf("w"))&&S.push("w: "+T.wLabel),T.normLabel=h.traceCoordinate[6].toPrecision(3),(M||-1!==A.indexOf("norm"))&&S.push("norm: "+T.normLabel),"streamtube"===t.type&&(T.divergenceLabel=h.traceCoordinate[7].toPrecision(3),(M||-1!==A.indexOf("divergence"))&&S.push("divergence: "+T.divergenceLabel)),h.textLabel&&S.push(h.textLabel),x=S.join("<br>")):"isosurface"===t.type||"volume"===t.type?(T.valueLabel=p.hoverLabelText(e._mockAxis,e._mockAxis.d2l(h.traceCoordinate[3]),t.valuehoverformat),S.push("value: "+T.valueLabel),h.textLabel&&S.push(h.textLabel),x=S.join("<br>")):x=h.textLabel;var E={x:h.traceCoordinate[0],y:h.traceCoordinate[1],z:h.traceCoordinate[2],data:_._input,fullData:_,curveNumber:_.index,pointNumber:w};d.appendArrayPointValue(E,_,w),t._module.eventData&&(E=_._module.eventData(E,h,_,{},w));var L={points:[E]};if(e.fullSceneLayout.hovermode){var C=[];d.loneHover({trace:_,x:(.5+.5*y[0]/y[3])*s,y:(.5-.5*y[1]/y[3])*l,xLabel:T.xLabel,yLabel:T.yLabel,zLabel:T.zLabel,text:x,name:u.name,color:d.castHoverOption(_,w,"bgcolor")||u.color,borderColor:d.castHoverOption(_,w,"bordercolor"),fontFamily:d.castHoverOption(_,w,"font.family"),fontSize:d.castHoverOption(_,w,"font.size"),fontColor:d.castHoverOption(_,w,"font.color"),nameLength:d.castHoverOption(_,w,"namelength"),textAlign:d.castHoverOption(_,w,"align"),hovertemplate:f.castOption(_,w,"hovertemplate"),hovertemplateLabels:f.extendFlat({},E,T),eventData:[E]},{container:n,gd:r,inOut_bbox:C}),E.bbox=C[0]}h.buttons&&h.distance<5?r.emit("plotly_click",L):r.emit("plotly_hover",L),this.oldEventData=L}else d.loneUnhover(n),this.oldEventData&&r.emit("plotly_unhover",this.oldEventData),this.oldEventData=void 0;e.drawAnnotations(e)},w.recoverContext=function(){var t=this;t.glplot.dispose();var e=function(){t.glplot.gl.isContextLost()?requestAnimationFrame(e):t.initializeGLPlot()?t.plot.apply(t,t.plotArgs):f.error("Catastrophic and unrecoverable WebGL error. Context lost.")};requestAnimationFrame(e)};var k=["xaxis","yaxis","zaxis"];function A(t,e,r){for(var n=t.fullSceneLayout,i=0;i<3;i++){var a=k[i],o=a.charAt(0),s=n[a],l=e[o],c=e[o+"calendar"],u=e["_"+o+"length"];if(f.isArrayOrTypedArray(l))for(var h,p=0;p<(u||l.length);p++)if(f.isArrayOrTypedArray(l[p]))for(var d=0;d<l[p].length;++d)h=s.d2l(l[p][d],0,c),!isNaN(h)&&isFinite(h)&&(r[0][i]=Math.min(r[0][i],h),r[1][i]=Math.max(r[1][i],h));else h=s.d2l(l[p],0,c),!isNaN(h)&&isFinite(h)&&(r[0][i]=Math.min(r[0][i],h),r[1][i]=Math.max(r[1][i],h));else r[0][i]=Math.min(r[0][i],0),r[1][i]=Math.max(r[1][i],u-1)}}w.plot=function(t,e,r){if(this.plotArgs=[t,e,r],!this.glplot.contextLost){var n,i,a,o,s,l,c=e[this.id],u=r[this.id];this.fullLayout=e,this.fullSceneLayout=c,this.axesOptions.merge(e,c),this.spikeOptions.merge(c),this.setViewport(c),this.updateFx(c.dragmode,c.hovermode),this.camera.enableWheel=this.graphDiv._context._scrollZoom.gl3d,this.glplot.setClearColor(m(c.bgcolor)),this.setConvert(s),t?Array.isArray(t)||(t=[t]):t=[];var f=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]];for(a=0;a<t.length;++a)!0===(n=t[a]).visible&&0!==n._length&&A(this,n,f);!function(t,e){for(var r=t.fullSceneLayout,n=r.annotations||[],i=0;i<3;i++)for(var a=k[i],o=a.charAt(0),s=r[a],l=0;l<n.length;l++){var c=n[l];if(c.visible){var u=s.r2l(c[o]);!isNaN(u)&&isFinite(u)&&(e[0][i]=Math.min(e[0][i],u),e[1][i]=Math.max(e[1][i],u))}}}(this,f);var h=[1,1,1];for(o=0;o<3;++o)f[1][o]===f[0][o]?h[o]=1:h[o]=1/(f[1][o]-f[0][o]);for(this.dataScale=h,this.convertAnnotations(this),a=0;a<t.length;++a)!0===(n=t[a]).visible&&0!==n._length&&((i=this.traces[n.uid])?i.data.type===n.type?i.update(n):(i.dispose(),i=n._module.plot(this,n),this.traces[n.uid]=i):(i=n._module.plot(this,n),this.traces[n.uid]=i),i.name=n.name);var p=Object.keys(this.traces);t:for(a=0;a<p.length;++a){for(o=0;o<t.length;++o)if(t[o].uid===p[a]&&!0===t[o].visible&&0!==t[o]._length)continue t;(i=this.traces[p[a]]).dispose(),delete this.traces[p[a]]}this.glplot.objects.sort((function(t,e){return t._trace.data.index-e._trace.data.index}));var d,g=[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]],v=[],y={};for(a=0;a<3;++a){if((l=(s=c[k[a]]).type)in y?(y[l].acc*=h[a],y[l].count+=1):y[l]={acc:h[a],count:1},s.autorange){g[0][a]=1/0,g[1][a]=-1/0;var x=this.glplot.objects,b=this.fullSceneLayout.annotations||[],_=s._name.charAt(0);for(o=0;o<x.length;o++){var w=x[o],T=w.bounds,M=w._trace.data._pad||0;"ErrorBars"===w.constructor.name&&s._lowerLogErrorBound?g[0][a]=Math.min(g[0][a],s._lowerLogErrorBound):g[0][a]=Math.min(g[0][a],T[0][a]/h[a]-M),g[1][a]=Math.max(g[1][a],T[1][a]/h[a]+M)}for(o=0;o<b.length;o++){var S=b[o];if(S.visible){var E=s.r2l(S[_]);g[0][a]=Math.min(g[0][a],E),g[1][a]=Math.max(g[1][a],E)}}if("rangemode"in s&&"tozero"===s.rangemode&&(g[0][a]=Math.min(g[0][a],0),g[1][a]=Math.max(g[1][a],0)),g[0][a]>g[1][a])g[0][a]=-1,g[1][a]=1;else{var L=g[1][a]-g[0][a];g[0][a]-=L/32,g[1][a]+=L/32}if("reversed"===s.autorange){var C=g[0][a];g[0][a]=g[1][a],g[1][a]=C}}else{var P=s.range;g[0][a]=s.r2l(P[0]),g[1][a]=s.r2l(P[1])}g[0][a]===g[1][a]&&(g[0][a]-=1,g[1][a]+=1),v[a]=g[1][a]-g[0][a],this.glplot.setBounds(a,{min:g[0][a]*h[a],max:g[1][a]*h[a]})}var I=c.aspectmode;if("cube"===I)d=[1,1,1];else if("manual"===I){var O=c.aspectratio;d=[O.x,O.y,O.z]}else{if("auto"!==I&&"data"!==I)throw new Error("scene.js aspectRatio was not one of the enumerated types");var z=[1,1,1];for(a=0;a<3;++a){var D=y[l=(s=c[k[a]]).type];z[a]=Math.pow(D.acc,1/D.count)/h[a]}d="data"===I||Math.max.apply(null,z)/Math.min.apply(null,z)<=4?z:[1,1,1]}c.aspectratio.x=u.aspectratio.x=d[0],c.aspectratio.y=u.aspectratio.y=d[1],c.aspectratio.z=u.aspectratio.z=d[2],this.glplot.setAspectratio(c.aspectratio),this.viewInitial.aspectratio||(this.viewInitial.aspectratio={x:c.aspectratio.x,y:c.aspectratio.y,z:c.aspectratio.z}),this.viewInitial.aspectmode||(this.viewInitial.aspectmode=c.aspectmode);var R=c.domain||null,F=e._size||null;if(R&&F){var B=this.container.style;B.position="absolute",B.left=F.l+R.x[0]*F.w+"px",B.top=F.t+(1-R.y[1])*F.h+"px",B.width=F.w*(R.x[1]-R.x[0])+"px",B.height=F.h*(R.y[1]-R.y[0])+"px"}this.glplot.redraw()}},w.destroy=function(){this.glplot&&(this.camera.mouseListener.enabled=!1,this.container.removeEventListener("wheel",this.camera.wheelListener),this.camera=null,this.glplot.dispose(),this.container.parentNode.removeChild(this.container),this.glplot=null)},w.getCamera=function(){var t;return this.camera.view.recalcMatrix(this.camera.view.lastT()),{up:{x:(t=this.camera).up[0],y:t.up[1],z:t.up[2]},center:{x:t.center[0],y:t.center[1],z:t.center[2]},eye:{x:t.eye[0],y:t.eye[1],z:t.eye[2]},projection:{type:!0===t._ortho?"orthographic":"perspective"}}},w.setViewport=function(t){var e,r=t.camera;this.camera.lookAt.apply(this,[[(e=r).eye.x,e.eye.y,e.eye.z],[e.center.x,e.center.y,e.center.z],[e.up.x,e.up.y,e.up.z]]),this.glplot.setAspectratio(t.aspectratio),"orthographic"===r.projection.type!==this.camera._ortho&&(this.glplot.redraw(),this.glplot.clearRGBA(),this.glplot.dispose(),this.initializeGLPlot())},w.isCameraChanged=function(t){var e=this.getCamera(),r=f.nestedProperty(t,this.id+".camera").get();function n(t,e,r,n){var i=["up","center","eye"],a=["x","y","z"];return e[i[r]]&&t[i[r]][a[n]]===e[i[r]][a[n]]}var i=!1;if(void 0===r)i=!0;else{for(var a=0;a<3;a++)for(var o=0;o<3;o++)if(!n(e,r,a,o)){i=!0;break}(!r.projection||e.projection&&e.projection.type!==r.projection.type)&&(i=!0)}return i},w.isAspectChanged=function(t){var e=this.glplot.getAspectratio(),r=f.nestedProperty(t,this.id+".aspectratio").get();return void 0===r||r.x!==e.x||r.y!==e.y||r.z!==e.z},w.saveLayout=function(t){var e,r,n,i,a,o,s=this.fullLayout,l=this.isCameraChanged(t),c=this.isAspectChanged(t),h=l||c;if(h){var p={};if(l&&(e=this.getCamera(),n=(r=f.nestedProperty(t,this.id+".camera")).get(),p[this.id+".camera"]=n),c&&(i=this.glplot.getAspectratio(),o=(a=f.nestedProperty(t,this.id+".aspectratio")).get(),p[this.id+".aspectratio"]=o),u.call("_storeDirectGUIEdit",t,s._preGUI,p),l)r.set(e),f.nestedProperty(s,this.id+".camera").set(e);if(c)a.set(i),f.nestedProperty(s,this.id+".aspectratio").set(i),this.glplot.redraw()}return h},w.updateFx=function(t,e){var r=this.camera;if(r)if("orbit"===t)r.mode="orbit",r.keyBindingMode="rotate";else if("turntable"===t){r.up=[0,0,1],r.mode="turntable",r.keyBindingMode="rotate";var n=this.graphDiv,i=n._fullLayout,a=this.fullSceneLayout.camera,o=a.up.x,s=a.up.y,l=a.up.z;if(l/Math.sqrt(o*o+s*s+l*l)<.999){var c=this.id+".camera.up",h={x:0,y:0,z:1},p={};p[c]=h;var d=n.layout;u.call("_storeDirectGUIEdit",d,i._preGUI,p),a.up=h,f.nestedProperty(d,c).set(h)}}else r.keyBindingMode=t;this.fullSceneLayout.hovermode=e},w.toImage=function(t){t||(t="png"),this.staticMode&&this.container.appendChild(n),this.glplot.redraw();var e=this.glplot.gl,r=e.drawingBufferWidth,i=e.drawingBufferHeight;e.bindFramebuffer(e.FRAMEBUFFER,null);var a=new Uint8Array(r*i*4);e.readPixels(0,0,r,i,e.RGBA,e.UNSIGNED_BYTE,a),function(t,e,r){for(var n=0,i=r-1;n<i;++n,--i)for(var a=0;a<e;++a)for(var o=0;o<4;++o){var s=4*(e*n+a)+o,l=4*(e*i+a)+o,c=t[s];t[s]=t[l],t[l]=c}}(a,r,i),function(t,e,r){for(var n=0;n<r;++n)for(var i=0;i<e;++i){var a=4*(e*n+i),o=t[a+3];if(o>0)for(var s=255/o,l=0;l<3;++l)t[a+l]=Math.min(s*t[a+l],255)}}(a,r,i);var o=document.createElement("canvas");o.width=r,o.height=i;var s,l=o.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),c=l.createImageData(r,i);switch(c.data.set(a),l.putImageData(c,0,0),t){case"jpeg":s=o.toDataURL("image/jpeg");break;case"webp":s=o.toDataURL("image/webp");break;default:s=o.toDataURL("image/png")}return this.staticMode&&this.container.removeChild(n),s},w.setConvert=function(){for(var t=0;t<3;t++){var e=this.fullSceneLayout[k[t]];p.setConvert(e,this.fullLayout),e.setScale=f.noop}},w.make4thDimension=function(){var t=this.graphDiv._fullLayout;this._mockAxis={type:"linear",showexponent:"all",exponentformat:"B"},p.setConvert(this._mockAxis,t)},e.exports=_},{"../../../stackgl_modules":1133,"../../components/fx":407,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/show_no_webgl_msg":537,"../../lib/str2rgbarray":540,"../../plots/cartesian/axes":566,"../../registry":647,"./layout/convert":611,"./layout/spikes":614,"./layout/tick_marks":615,"./project":616,"has-passive-events":229,"webgl-context":332}],618:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e,r,n){n=n||t.length;for(var i=new Array(n),a=0;a<n;a++)i[a]=[t[a],e[a],r[a]];return i}},{}],619:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("./font_attributes"),i=t("./animation_attributes"),a=t("../components/color/attributes"),o=t("../components/shapes/draw_newshape/attributes"),s=t("../components/selections/draw_newselection/attributes"),l=t("./pad_attributes"),c=t("../lib/extend").extendFlat,u=n({editType:"calc"});u.family.dflt='"Open Sans", verdana, arial, sans-serif',u.size.dflt=12,u.color.dflt=a.defaultLine,e.exports={font:u,title:{text:{valType:"string",editType:"layoutstyle"},font:n({editType:"layoutstyle"}),xref:{valType:"enumerated",dflt:"container",values:["container","paper"],editType:"layoutstyle"},yref:{valType:"enumerated",dflt:"container",values:["container","paper"],editType:"layoutstyle"},x:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:.5,editType:"layoutstyle"},y:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:"auto",editType:"layoutstyle"},xanchor:{valType:"enumerated",dflt:"auto",values:["auto","left","center","right"],editType:"layoutstyle"},yanchor:{valType:"enumerated",dflt:"auto",values:["auto","top","middle","bottom"],editType:"layoutstyle"},pad:c(l({editType:"layoutstyle"}),{}),editType:"layoutstyle"},uniformtext:{mode:{valType:"enumerated",values:[!1,"hide","show"],dflt:!1,editType:"plot"},minsize:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:0,editType:"plot"},editType:"plot"},autosize:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1,editType:"none"},width:{valType:"number",min:10,dflt:700,editType:"plot"},height:{valType:"number",min:10,dflt:450,editType:"plot"},minreducedwidth:{valType:"number",min:2,dflt:64,editType:"plot"},minreducedheight:{valType:"number",min:2,dflt:64,editType:"plot"},margin:{l:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:80,editType:"plot"},r:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:80,editType:"plot"},t:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:100,editType:"plot"},b:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:80,editType:"plot"},pad:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:0,editType:"plot"},autoexpand:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0,editType:"plot"},editType:"plot"},computed:{valType:"any",editType:"none"},paper_bgcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:a.background,editType:"plot"},plot_bgcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:a.background,editType:"layoutstyle"},autotypenumbers:{valType:"enumerated",values:["convert types","strict"],dflt:"convert types",editType:"calc"},separators:{valType:"string",editType:"plot"},hidesources:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1,editType:"plot"},showlegend:{valType:"boolean",editType:"legend"},colorway:{valType:"colorlist",dflt:a.defaults,editType:"calc"},datarevision:{valType:"any",editType:"calc"},uirevision:{valType:"any",editType:"none"},editrevision:{valType:"any",editType:"none"},selectionrevision:{valType:"any",editType:"none"},template:{valType:"any",editType:"calc"},newshape:o.newshape,activeshape:o.activeshape,newselection:s.newselection,activeselection:s.activeselection,meta:{valType:"any",arrayOk:!0,editType:"plot"},transition:c({},i.transition,{editType:"none"}),_deprecated:{title:{valType:"string",editType:"layoutstyle"},titlefont:n({editType:"layoutstyle"})}}},{"../components/color/attributes":366,"../components/selections/draw_newselection/attributes":451,"../components/shapes/draw_newshape/attributes":463,"../lib/extend":505,"./animation_attributes":560,"./font_attributes":594,"./pad_attributes":627}],620:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib/sort_object_keys"),i='\xa9 <a target="_blank" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright">OpenStreetMap</a> contributors',a=['\xa9 <a target="_blank" href="https://carto.com/">Carto</a>',i].join(" "),o=['Map tiles by <a target="_blank" href="https://stamen.com">Stamen Design</a>','under <a target="_blank" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>',"|",'Data by <a target="_blank" href="https://openstreetmap.org">OpenStreetMap</a> contributors','under <a target="_blank" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright">ODbL</a>'].join(" "),s={"open-street-map":{id:"osm",version:8,sources:{"plotly-osm-tiles":{type:"raster",attribution:i,tiles:["https://a.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png","https://b.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"],tileSize:256}},layers:[{id:"plotly-osm-tiles",type:"raster",source:"plotly-osm-tiles",minzoom:0,maxzoom:22}]},"white-bg":{id:"white-bg",version:8,sources:{},layers:[{id:"white-bg",type:"background",paint:{"background-color":"#FFFFFF"},minzoom:0,maxzoom:22}]},"carto-positron":{id:"carto-positron",version:8,sources:{"plotly-carto-positron":{type:"raster",attribution:a,tiles:["https://cartodb-basemaps-c.global.ssl.fastly.net/light_all/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"],tileSize:256}},layers:[{id:"plotly-carto-positron",type:"raster",source:"plotly-carto-positron",minzoom:0,maxzoom:22}]},"carto-darkmatter":{id:"carto-darkmatter",version:8,sources:{"plotly-carto-darkmatter":{type:"raster",attribution:a,tiles:["https://cartodb-basemaps-c.global.ssl.fastly.net/dark_all/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"],tileSize:256}},layers:[{id:"plotly-carto-darkmatter",type:"raster",source:"plotly-carto-darkmatter",minzoom:0,maxzoom:22}]},"stamen-terrain":{id:"stamen-terrain",version:8,sources:{"plotly-stamen-terrain":{type:"raster",attribution:o,tiles:["https://stamen-tiles.a.ssl.fastly.net/terrain/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"],tileSize:256}},layers:[{id:"plotly-stamen-terrain",type:"raster",source:"plotly-stamen-terrain",minzoom:0,maxzoom:22}]},"stamen-toner":{id:"stamen-toner",version:8,sources:{"plotly-stamen-toner":{type:"raster",attribution:o,tiles:["https://stamen-tiles.a.ssl.fastly.net/toner/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"],tileSize:256}},layers:[{id:"plotly-stamen-toner",type:"raster",source:"plotly-stamen-toner",minzoom:0,maxzoom:22}]},"stamen-watercolor":{id:"stamen-watercolor",version:8,sources:{"plotly-stamen-watercolor":{type:"raster",attribution:['Map tiles by <a target="_blank" href="https://stamen.com">Stamen Design</a>','under <a target="_blank" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>',"|",'Data by <a target="_blank" href="https://openstreetmap.org">OpenStreetMap</a> contributors','under <a target="_blank" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY SA</a>'].join(" "),tiles:["https://stamen-tiles.a.ssl.fastly.net/watercolor/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"],tileSize:256}},layers:[{id:"plotly-stamen-watercolor",type:"raster",source:"plotly-stamen-watercolor",minzoom:0,maxzoom:22}]}},l=n(s);e.exports={requiredVersion:"1.10.1",styleUrlPrefix:"mapbox://styles/mapbox/",styleUrlSuffix:"v9",styleValuesMapbox:["basic","streets","outdoors","light","dark","satellite","satellite-streets"],styleValueDflt:"basic",stylesNonMapbox:s,styleValuesNonMapbox:l,traceLayerPrefix:"plotly-trace-layer-",layoutLayerPrefix:"plotly-layout-layer-",wrongVersionErrorMsg:["Your custom plotly.js bundle is not using the correct mapbox-gl version","Please install mapbox-gl@1.10.1."].join("\n"),noAccessTokenErrorMsg:["Missing Mapbox access token.","Mapbox trace type require a Mapbox access token to be registered.","For example:"," Plotly.newPlot(gd, data, layout, { mapboxAccessToken: 'my-access-token' });","More info here: https://www.mapbox.com/help/define-access-token/"].join("\n"),missingStyleErrorMsg:["No valid mapbox style found, please set `mapbox.style` to one of:",l.join(", "),"or register a Mapbox access token to use a Mapbox-served style."].join("\n"),multipleTokensErrorMsg:["Set multiple mapbox access token across different mapbox subplot,","using first token found as mapbox-gl does not allow multipleaccess tokens on the same page."].join("\n"),mapOnErrorMsg:"Mapbox error.",mapboxLogo:{path0:"m 10.5,1.24 c -5.11,0 -9.25,4.15 -9.25,9.25 0,5.1 4.15,9.25 9.25,9.25 5.1,0 9.25,-4.15 9.25,-9.25 0,-5.11 -4.14,-9.25 -9.25,-9.25 z m 4.39,11.53 c -1.93,1.93 -4.78,2.31 -6.7,2.31 -0.7,0 -1.41,-0.05 -2.1,-0.16 0,0 -1.02,-5.64 2.14,-8.81 0.83,-0.83 1.95,-1.28 3.13,-1.28 1.27,0 2.49,0.51 3.39,1.42 1.84,1.84 1.89,4.75 0.14,6.52 z",path1:"M 10.5,-0.01 C 4.7,-0.01 0,4.7 0,10.49 c 0,5.79 4.7,10.5 10.5,10.5 5.8,0 10.5,-4.7 10.5,-10.5 C 20.99,4.7 16.3,-0.01 10.5,-0.01 Z m 0,19.75 c -5.11,0 -9.25,-4.15 -9.25,-9.25 0,-5.1 4.14,-9.26 9.25,-9.26 5.11,0 9.25,4.15 9.25,9.25 0,5.13 -4.14,9.26 -9.25,9.26 z",path2:"M 14.74,6.25 C 12.9,4.41 9.98,4.35 8.23,6.1 5.07,9.27 6.09,14.91 6.09,14.91 c 0,0 5.64,1.02 8.81,-2.14 C 16.64,11 16.59,8.09 14.74,6.25 Z m -2.27,4.09 -0.91,1.87 -0.9,-1.87 -1.86,-0.91 1.86,-0.9 0.9,-1.87 0.91,1.87 1.86,0.9 z",polygon:"11.56,12.21 10.66,10.34 8.8,9.43 10.66,8.53 11.56,6.66 12.47,8.53 14.33,9.43 12.47,10.34"},styleRules:{map:"overflow:hidden;position:relative;","missing-css":"display:none;",canary:"background-color:salmon;","ctrl-bottom-left":"position: absolute; pointer-events: none; z-index: 2; bottom: 0; left: 0;","ctrl-bottom-right":"position: absolute; pointer-events: none; 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n,i=this,a=e[i.id];i.map&&a.accesstoken!==i.accessToken&&(i.map.remove(),i.map=null,i.styleObj=null,i.traceHash={},i.layerList=[]),n=i.map?new Promise((function(r,n){i.updateMap(t,e,r,n)})):new Promise((function(r,n){i.createMap(t,e,r,n)})),r.push(n)},b.createMap=function(t,e,r,i){var o=this,s=e[o.id],l=o.styleObj=w(s.style);o.accessToken=s.accesstoken;var c=s.bounds,u=c?[[c.west,c.south],[c.east,c.north]]:null,f=o.map=new n.Map({container:o.div,style:l.style,center:k(s.center),zoom:s.zoom,bearing:s.bearing,pitch:s.pitch,maxBounds:u,interactive:!o.isStatic,preserveDrawingBuffer:o.isStatic,doubleClickZoom:!1,boxZoom:!1,attributionControl:!1}).addControl(new n.AttributionControl({compact:!0}));f._canvas.style.left="0px",f._canvas.style.top="0px",o.rejectOnError(i),o.isStatic||o.initFx(t,e);var h=[];h.push(new 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I=C.selectAll("text").data(P);function O(e,r,n,i){if(!e.match("s")||n>=0==i>=0||r(n).slice(-1).match(_)||r(i).slice(-1).match(_))return r;var a=e.slice().replace("s","f").replace(/\d+/,(function(t){return parseInt(t)-1})),o=k(t,{tickformat:a});return function(t){return Math.abs(t)<1?d.tickText(o,t).text:r(t)}}I.enter().append("text"),I.attr("text-anchor",(function(){return A})).attr("class",(function(t){return t})).attr("x",null).attr("y",null).attr("dx",null).attr("dy",null),I.exit().remove();var z,D=m.mode+m.align;m._hasDelta&&(z=function(){var e=k(t,{tickformat:m.delta.valueformat},m._range);e.setScale(),d.prepTicks(e);var i=function(t){return d.tickText(e,t).text},o=m.delta.suffix,s=m.delta.prefix,l=function(t){return m.delta.relative?t.relativeDelta:t.delta},c=function(t,e){return 0===t||"number"!=typeof t||isNaN(t)?"-":(t>0?m.delta.increasing.symbol:m.delta.decreasing.symbol)+s+e(t)+o},h=function(t){return t.delta>=0?m.delta.increasing.color:m.delta.decreasing.color};void 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e="number"==typeof r[0].y?s+i(r[0].y)+o:"-";l.text(e).call(f.font,m.number.font).call(p.convertToTspans,t)}w(E)?l.transition().duration(E.duration).ease(E.easing).each("end",(function(){u(),L&&L()})).each("interrupt",(function(){u(),L&&L()})).attrTween("text",(function(){var t=n.select(this),e=a(r[0].lastY,r[0].y);m._lastValue=r[0].y;var l=O(m.number.valueformat,i,r[0].lastY,r[0].y);return function(r){t.text(s+l(e(r))+o)}})):u(),c=M(s+i(r[0].y)+o,m.number.font,A,t)}(),D+=m.number.font.size+m.number.font.family+m.number.valueformat+m.number.suffix+m.number.prefix,h=c);if(m._hasDelta&&m._hasNumber){var R,F,B=[(c.left+c.right)/2,(c.top+c.bottom)/2],N=[(u.left+u.right)/2,(u.top+u.bottom)/2],j=.75*m.delta.font.size;"left"===m.delta.position&&(R=S(m,"deltaPos",0,-1*(c.width*b[m.align]+u.width*(1-b[m.align])+j),D,Math.min),F=B[1]-N[1],h={width:c.width+u.width+j,height:Math.max(c.height,u.height),left:u.left+R,right:c.right,top:Math.min(c.top,u.top+F),bottom:Math.max(c.bottom,u.bottom+F)}),"right"===m.delta.position&&(R=S(m,"deltaPos",0,c.width*(1-b[m.align])+u.width*b[m.align]+j,D,Math.max),F=B[1]-N[1],h={width:c.width+u.width+j,height:Math.max(c.height,u.height),left:c.left,right:u.right+R,top:Math.min(c.top,u.top+F),bottom:Math.max(c.bottom,u.bottom+F)}),"bottom"===m.delta.position&&(R=null,F=u.height,h={width:Math.max(c.width,u.width),height:c.height+u.height,left:Math.min(c.left,u.left),right:Math.max(c.right,u.right),top:c.bottom-c.height,bottom:c.bottom+u.height}),"top"===m.delta.position&&(R=null,F=c.top,h={width:Math.max(c.width,u.width),height:c.height+u.height,left:Math.min(c.left,u.left),right:Math.max(c.right,u.right),top:c.bottom-c.height-u.height,bottom:c.bottom}),z.attr({dx:R,dy:F})}(m._hasNumber||m._hasDelta)&&C.attr("transform",(function(){var t=i.numbersScaler(h);D+=t[2];var e,r=S(m,"numbersScale",1,t[0],D,Math.min);m._scaleNumbers||(r=1),e=m._isAngular?v-r*h.bottom:v-r*(h.top+h.bottom)/2,m._numbersTop=r*h.top+e;var n=h[T];"center"===T&&(n=(h.left+h.right)/2);var a=g-r*n;return a=S(m,"numbersTranslate",0,a,D,Math.max),l(a,e)+s(r)}))}(t,O,e,{numbersX:m,numbersY:E,numbersScaler:L,transitionOpts:r,onComplete:g}),z&&(C={range:I.gauge.axis.range,color:I.gauge.bgcolor,line:{color:I.gauge.bordercolor,width:0},thickness:1},P={range:I.gauge.axis.range,color:"rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)",line:{color:I.gauge.bordercolor,width:I.gauge.borderwidth},thickness:1});var Y=O.selectAll("g.angular").data(D?e:[]);Y.exit().remove();var W=O.selectAll("g.angularaxis").data(D?e:[]);W.exit().remove(),D&&function(t,e,r,a){var o,s,f,h,p=r[0].trace,m=a.size,g=a.radius,v=a.innerRadius,y=a.gaugeBg,x=a.gaugeOutline,b=[m.l+m.w/2,m.t+m.h/2+g/2],_=a.gauge,A=a.layer,M=a.transitionOpts,S=a.onComplete,E=Math.PI/2;function L(t){var e=p.gauge.axis.range[0],r=(t-e)/(p.gauge.axis.range[1]-e)*Math.PI-E;return r<-E?-E:r>E?E:r}function C(t){return n.svg.arc().innerRadius((v+g)/2-t/2*(g-v)).outerRadius((v+g)/2+t/2*(g-v)).startAngle(-E)}function P(t){t.attr("d",(function(t){return C(t.thickness).startAngle(L(t.range[0])).endAngle(L(t.range[1]))()}))}_.enter().append("g").classed("angular",!0),_.attr("transform",l(b[0],b[1])),A.enter().append("g").classed("angularaxis",!0).classed("crisp",!0),A.selectAll("g.xangularaxistick,path,text").remove(),(o=k(t,p.gauge.axis)).type="linear",o.range=p.gauge.axis.range,o._id="xangularaxis",o.ticklabeloverflow="allow",o.setScale();var I=function(t){return(o.range[0]-t.x)/(o.range[1]-o.range[0])*Math.PI+Math.PI},O={},z=d.makeLabelFns(o,0).labelStandoff;O.xFn=function(t){var e=I(t);return Math.cos(e)*z},O.yFn=function(t){var e=I(t),r=Math.sin(e)>0?.2:1;return-Math.sin(e)*(z+t.fontSize*r)+Math.abs(Math.cos(e))*(t.fontSize*u)},O.anchorFn=function(t){var e=I(t),r=Math.cos(e);return 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U=j.select("path");w(M)?(U.transition().duration(M.duration).ease(M.easing).each("end",(function(){S&&S()})).each("interrupt",(function(){S&&S()})).attrTween("d",(V=N,H=L(r[0].lastY),q=L(r[0].y),function(){var t=i(H,q);return function(e){return V.endAngle(t(e))()}})),p._lastValue=r[0].y):U.attr("d","number"==typeof r[0].y?N.endAngle(L(r[0].y)):"M0,0Z");var V,H,q;U.call(T),j.exit().remove(),F=[];var G=p.gauge.threshold.value;(G||0===G)&&F.push({range:[G,G],color:p.gauge.threshold.color,line:{color:p.gauge.threshold.line.color,width:p.gauge.threshold.line.width},thickness:p.gauge.threshold.thickness});var Y=_.selectAll("g.threshold-arc").data(F);Y.enter().append("g").classed("threshold-arc",!0).append("path"),Y.select("path").call(P).call(T),Y.exit().remove();var W=_.selectAll("g.gauge-outline").data([x]);W.enter().append("g").classed("gauge-outline",!0).append("path"),W.select("path").call(P).call(T),W.exit().remove()}(t,0,e,{radius:U,innerRadius:V,gauge:Y,layer:W,size:B,gaugeBg:C,gaugeOutline:P,transitionOpts:r,onComplete:g});var Z=O.selectAll("g.bullet").data(R?e:[]);Z.exit().remove();var X=O.selectAll("g.bulletaxis").data(R?e:[]);X.exit().remove(),R&&function(t,e,r,n){var i,a,o,s,c,u=r[0].trace,f=n.gauge,p=n.layer,m=n.gaugeBg,g=n.gaugeOutline,v=n.size,x=u.domain,b=n.transitionOpts,_=n.onComplete;f.enter().append("g").classed("bullet",!0),f.attr("transform",l(v.l,v.t)),p.enter().append("g").classed("bulletaxis",!0).classed("crisp",!0),p.selectAll("g.xbulletaxistick,path,text").remove();var A=v.h,M=u.gauge.bar.thickness*A,S=x.x[0],E=x.x[0]+(x.x[1]-x.x[0])*(u._hasNumber||u._hasDelta?1-h.bulletNumberDomainSize:1);(i=k(t,u.gauge.axis))._id="xbulletaxis",i.domain=[S,E],i.setScale(),a=d.calcTicks(i),o=d.makeTransTickFn(i),s=d.getTickSigns(i)[2],c=v.t+v.h,i.visible&&(d.drawTicks(t,i,{vals:"inside"===i.ticks?d.clipEnds(i,a):a,layer:p,path:d.makeTickPath(i,c,s),transFn:o}),d.drawLabels(t,i,{vals:a,layer:p,transFn:o,labelFns:d.makeLabelFns(i,c)}));function L(t){t.attr("width",(function(t){return Math.max(0,i.c2p(t.range[1])-i.c2p(t.range[0]))})).attr("x",(function(t){return i.c2p(t.range[0])})).attr("y",(function(t){return.5*(1-t.thickness)*A})).attr("height",(function(t){return t.thickness*A}))}var C=[m].concat(u.gauge.steps),P=f.selectAll("g.bg-bullet").data(C);P.enter().append("g").classed("bg-bullet",!0).append("rect"),P.select("rect").call(L).call(T),P.exit().remove();var I=f.selectAll("g.value-bullet").data([u.gauge.bar]);I.enter().append("g").classed("value-bullet",!0).append("rect"),I.select("rect").attr("height",M).attr("y",(A-M)/2).call(T),w(b)?I.select("rect").transition().duration(b.duration).ease(b.easing).each("end",(function(){_&&_()})).each("interrupt",(function(){_&&_()})).attr("width",Math.max(0,i.c2p(Math.min(u.gauge.axis.range[1],r[0].y)))):I.select("rect").attr("width","number"==typeof r[0].y?Math.max(0,i.c2p(Math.min(u.gauge.axis.range[1],r[0].y))):0);I.exit().remove();var O=r.filter((function(){return u.gauge.threshold.value||0===u.gauge.threshold.value})),z=f.selectAll("g.threshold-bullet").data(O);z.enter().append("g").classed("threshold-bullet",!0).append("line"),z.select("line").attr("x1",i.c2p(u.gauge.threshold.value)).attr("x2",i.c2p(u.gauge.threshold.value)).attr("y1",(1-u.gauge.threshold.thickness)/2*A).attr("y2",(1-(1-u.gauge.threshold.thickness)/2)*A).call(y.stroke,u.gauge.threshold.line.color).style("stroke-width",u.gauge.threshold.line.width),z.exit().remove();var D=f.selectAll("g.gauge-outline").data([g]);D.enter().append("g").classed("gauge-outline",!0).append("rect"),D.select("rect").call(L).call(T),D.exit().remove()}(t,0,e,{gauge:Z,layer:X,size:B,gaugeBg:C,gaugeOutline:P,transitionOpts:r,onComplete:g});var J=O.selectAll("text.title").data(e);J.exit().remove(),J.enter().append("text").classed("title",!0),J.attr("text-anchor",(function(){return R?x.right:x[I.title.align]})).text(I.title.text).call(f.font,I.title.font).call(p.convertToTspans,t),J.attr("transform",(function(){var t,e=B.l+B.w*b[I.title.align],r=h.titlePadding,n=f.bBox(J.node());if(z){if(D)if(I.gauge.axis.visible)t=f.bBox(W.node()).top-r-n.bottom;else t=B.t+B.h/2-U/2-n.bottom-r;R&&(t=E-(n.top+n.bottom)/2,e=B.l-h.bulletPadding*B.w)}else t=I._numbersTop-r-n.bottom;return l(e,t)}))}))}},{"../../components/color":367,"../../components/drawing":389,"../../constants/alignment":483,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/svg_text_utils":541,"../../plots/cartesian/axes":566,"../../plots/cartesian/axis_defaults":568,"../../plots/cartesian/layout_attributes":579,"../../plots/cartesian/position_defaults":582,"./constants":867,"@plotly/d3":58,"d3-interpolate":116}],871:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../components/colorscale/attributes"),i=t("../../plots/cartesian/axis_format_attributes").axisHoverFormat,a=t("../../plots/template_attributes").hovertemplateAttrs,o=t("../mesh3d/attributes"),s=t("../../plots/attributes"),l=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat,c=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll;var u=e.exports=c(l({x:{valType:"data_array"},y:{valType:"data_array"},z:{valType:"data_array"},value:{valType:"data_array"},isomin:{valType:"number"},isomax:{valType:"number"},surface:{show:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0},count:{valType:"integer",dflt:2,min:1},fill:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1},pattern:{valType:"flaglist",flags:["A","B","C","D","E"],extras:["all","odd","even"],dflt:"all"}},spaceframe:{show:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},fill:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:.15}},slices:{x:{show:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},locations:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},fill:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1}},y:{show:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},locations:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},fill:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1}},z:{show:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},locations:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},fill:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1}}},caps:{x:{show:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0},fill:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1}},y:{show:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0},fill:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1}},z:{show:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0},fill:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1}}},text:{valType:"string",dflt:"",arrayOk:!0},hovertext:{valType:"string",dflt:"",arrayOk:!0},hovertemplate:a(),xhoverformat:i("x"),yhoverformat:i("y"),zhoverformat:i("z"),valuehoverformat:i("value",1),showlegend:l({},s.showlegend,{dflt:!1})},n("",{colorAttr:"`value`",showScaleDflt:!0,editTypeOverride:"calc"}),{opacity:o.opacity,lightposition:o.lightposition,lighting:o.lighting,flatshading:o.flatshading,contour:o.contour,hoverinfo:l({},s.hoverinfo)}),"calc","nested");u.flatshading.dflt=!0,u.lighting.facenormalsepsilon.dflt=0,u.x.editType=u.y.editType=u.z.editType=u.value.editType="calc+clearAxisTypes",u.transforms=void 0},{"../../components/colorscale/attributes":374,"../../lib/extend":505,"../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../../plots/attributes":562,"../../plots/cartesian/axis_format_attributes":569,"../../plots/template_attributes":642,"../mesh3d/attributes":876}],872:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../components/colorscale/calc"),i=t("../streamtube/calc").processGrid,a=t("../streamtube/calc").filter;e.exports=function(t,e){e._len=Math.min(e.x.length,e.y.length,e.z.length,e.value.length),e._x=a(e.x,e._len),e._y=a(e.y,e._len),e._z=a(e.z,e._len),e._value=a(e.value,e._len);var r=i(e);e._gridFill=r.fill,e._Xs=r.Xs,e._Ys=r.Ys,e._Zs=r.Zs,e._len=r.len;for(var o=1/0,s=-1/0,l=0;l<e._len;l++){var c=e._value[l];o=Math.min(o,c),s=Math.max(s,c)}e._minValues=o,e._maxValues=s,e._vMin=void 0===e.isomin||null===e.isomin?o:e.isomin,e._vMax=void 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e=t.data.index,r=this.data._meshX[e],n=this.data._meshY[e],i=this.data._meshZ[e],a=this.data._Ys.length,o=this.data._Zs.length,s=l(r,this.data._Xs).id,c=l(n,this.data._Ys).id,u=l(i,this.data._Zs).id,f=t.index=u+o*c+o*a*s;t.traceCoordinate=[this.data._meshX[f],this.data._meshY[f],this.data._meshZ[f],this.data._value[f]];var h=this.data.hovertext||this.data.text;return Array.isArray(h)&&void 0!==h[f]?t.textLabel=h[f]:h&&(t.textLabel=h),!0}},u.update=function(t){var e=this.scene,r=e.fullSceneLayout;function n(t,e,r,n){return e.map((function(e){return t.d2l(e,0,n)*r}))}this.data=h(t);var 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n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("../../components/drawing"),a=t("../../components/color");e.exports=function(t,e,r){var o=r||n.select(t).selectAll("g.ohlclayer").selectAll("g.trace");o.style("opacity",(function(t){return t[0].trace.opacity})),o.each((function(t){var e=t[0].trace;n.select(this).selectAll("path").each((function(t){if(!t.empty){var r=e[t.dir].line;n.select(this).style("fill","none").call(a.stroke,r.color).call(i.dashLine,r.dash,r.width).style("opacity",e.selectedpoints&&!t.selected?.3:1)}}))}))}},{"../../components/color":367,"../../components/drawing":389,"@plotly/d3":58}],890:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat,i=t("../../plots/attributes"),a=t("../../plots/font_attributes"),o=t("../../components/colorscale/attributes"),s=t("../../plots/template_attributes").hovertemplateAttrs,l=t("../../plots/domain").attributes,c=n({editType:"calc"},o("line",{editTypeOverride:"calc"}),{shape:{valType:"enumerated",values:["linear","hspline"],dflt:"linear",editType:"plot"},hovertemplate:s({editType:"plot",arrayOk:!1},{keys:["count","probability"]})});e.exports={domain:l({name:"parcats",trace:!0,editType:"calc"}),hoverinfo:n({},i.hoverinfo,{flags:["count","probability"],editType:"plot",arrayOk:!1}),hoveron:{valType:"enumerated",values:["category","color","dimension"],dflt:"category",editType:"plot"},hovertemplate:s({editType:"plot",arrayOk:!1},{keys:["count","probability","category","categorycount","colorcount","bandcolorcount"]}),arrangement:{valType:"enumerated",values:["perpendicular","freeform","fixed"],dflt:"perpendicular",editType:"plot"},bundlecolors:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0,editType:"plot"},sortpaths:{valType:"enumerated",values:["forward","backward"],dflt:"forward",editType:"plot"},labelfont:a({editType:"calc"}),tickfont:a({editType:"calc"}),dimensions:{_isLinkedToArray:"dimension",label:{valType:"string",editType:"calc"},categoryorder:{valType:"enumerated",values:["trace","category 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i=n._has&&n._has("parcats"),a=e._has&&e._has("parcats");i&&!a&&n._paperdiv.selectAll(".parcats").remove()}},{"../../plots/get_data":602,"./plot":896}],892:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib/gup").wrap,i=t("../../components/colorscale/helpers").hasColorscale,a=t("../../components/colorscale/calc"),o=t("../../lib/filter_unique.js"),s=t("../../components/drawing"),l=t("../../lib"),c=t("fast-isnumeric");function u(t,e,r){t.valueInds.push(e),t.count+=r}function f(t,e,r){return{categoryInds:t,color:e,rawColor:r,valueInds:[],count:0}}function h(t,e,r){t.valueInds.push(e),t.count+=r}e.exports=function(t,e){var r=l.filterVisible(e.dimensions);if(0===r.length)return[];var p,d,m,g=r.map((function(t){var e;if("trace"===t.categoryorder)e=null;else if("array"===t.categoryorder)e=t.categoryarray;else{e=o(t.values);for(var r=!0,n=0;n<e.length;n++)if(!c(e[n])){r=!1;break}e.sort(r?l.sorterAsc:void 0),"category descending"===t.categoryorder&&(e=e.reverse())}return function(t,e){e=null==e?[]:e.map((function(t){return t}));var r={},n={},i=[];e.forEach((function(t,e){r[t]=0,n[t]=e}));for(var a=0;a<t.length;a++){var o,s=t[a];void 0===r[s]?(r[s]=1,o=e.push(s)-1,n[s]=o):(r[s]++,o=n[s]),i.push(o)}var l=e.map((function(t){return r[t]}));return{uniqueValues:e,uniqueCounts:l,inds:i}}(t.values,e)}));p=l.isArrayOrTypedArray(e.counts)?e.counts:[e.counts],function(t){var e;if(function(t){for(var e=new Array(t.length),r=0;r<t.length;r++){if(t[r]<0||t[r]>=t.length)return!1;if(void 0!==e[t[r]])return!1;e[t[r]]=!0}return!0}(t.map((function(t){return t.displayindex}))))for(e=0;e<t.length;e++)t[e]._displayindex=t[e].displayindex;else for(e=0;e<t.length;e++)t[e]._displayindex=e}(r),r.forEach((function(t,e){!function(t,e){t._categoryarray=e.uniqueValues,null===t.ticktext||void 0===t.ticktext?t._ticktext=[]:t._ticktext=t.ticktext.slice();for(var r=t._ticktext.length;r<e.uniqueValues.length;r++)t._ticktext.push(e.uniqueValues[r])}(t,g[e])}));var v,y=e.line;y?(i(e,"line")&&a(t,e,{vals:e.line.color,containerStr:"line",cLetter:"c"}),v=s.tryColorscale(y)):v=l.identity;var x,b,_,w,T,k=r[0].values.length,A={},M=g.map((function(t){return t.inds}));for(m=0,x=0;x<k;x++){var S=[];for(b=0;b<M.length;b++)S.push(M[b][x]);d=p[x%p.length],m+=d;var E=(_=x,w=void 0,T=void 0,l.isArrayOrTypedArray(y.color)?T=w=y.color[_%y.color.length]:w=y.color,{color:v(w),rawColor:T}),L=S+"-"+E.rawColor;void 0===A[L]&&(A[L]=f(S,E.color,E.rawColor)),h(A[L],x,d)}var C,P=r.map((function(t,e){return function(t,e,r,n,i){return{dimensionInd:t,containerInd:e,displayInd:r,dimensionLabel:n,count:i,categories:[],dragX:null}}(e,t._index,t._displayindex,t.label,m)}));for(x=0;x<k;x++)for(d=p[x%p.length],b=0;b<P.length;b++){var I=P[b].containerInd,O=g[b].inds[x],z=P[b].categories;if(void 0===z[O]){var D=e.dimensions[I]._categoryarray[O],R=e.dimensions[I]._ticktext[O];z[O]={dimensionInd:b,categoryInd:C=O,categoryValue:D,displayInd:C,categoryLabel:R,valueInds:[],count:0,dragY:null}}u(z[O],x,d)}return n(function(t,e,r){var n=t.map((function(t){return t.categories.length})).reduce((function(t,e){return Math.max(t,e)}));return{dimensions:t,paths:e,trace:void 0,maxCats:n,count:r}}(P,A,m))}},{"../../components/colorscale/calc":375,"../../components/colorscale/helpers":378,"../../components/drawing":389,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/filter_unique.js":506,"../../lib/gup":512,"fast-isnumeric":190}],893:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib"),i=t("../../components/colorscale/helpers").hasColorscale,a=t("../../components/colorscale/defaults"),o=t("../../plots/domain").defaults,s=t("../../plots/array_container_defaults"),l=t("./attributes"),c=t("../parcoords/merge_length");function u(t,e){function r(r,i){return n.coerce(t,e,l.dimensions,r,i)}var i=r("values"),a=r("visible");if(i&&i.length||(a=e.visible=!1),a){r("label"),r("displayindex",e._index);var o,s=t.categoryarray,c=Array.isArray(s)&&s.length>0;c&&(o="array");var u=r("categoryorder",o);"array"===u?(r("categoryarray"),r("ticktext")):(delete t.categoryarray,delete t.ticktext),c||"array"!==u||(e.categoryorder="trace")}}e.exports=function(t,e,r,f){function h(r,i){return n.coerce(t,e,l,r,i)}var p=s(t,e,{name:"dimensions",handleItemDefaults:u}),d=function(t,e,r,o,s){s("line.shape"),s("line.hovertemplate");var l=s("line.color",o.colorway[0]);if(i(t,"line")&&n.isArrayOrTypedArray(l)){if(l.length)return s("line.colorscale"),a(t,e,o,s,{prefix:"line.",cLetter:"c"}),l.length;e.line.color=r}return 1/0}(t,e,r,f,h);o(e,f,h),Array.isArray(p)&&p.length||(e.visible=!1),c(e,p,"values",d),h("hoveron"),h("hovertemplate"),h("arrangement"),h("bundlecolors"),h("sortpaths"),h("counts");var m={family:f.font.family,size:Math.round(f.font.size),color:f.font.color};n.coerceFont(h,"labelfont",m);var g={family:f.font.family,size:Math.round(f.font.size/1.2),color:f.font.color};n.coerceFont(h,"tickfont",g)}},{"../../components/colorscale/defaults":377,"../../components/colorscale/helpers":378,"../../lib":515,"../../plots/array_container_defaults":561,"../../plots/domain":593,"../parcoords/merge_length":907,"./attributes":890}],894:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports={attributes:t("./attributes"),supplyDefaults:t("./defaults"),calc:t("./calc"),plot:t("./plot"),colorbar:{container:"line",min:"cmin",max:"cmax"},moduleType:"trace",name:"parcats",basePlotModule:t("./base_plot"),categories:["noOpacity"],meta:{}}},{"./attributes":890,"./base_plot":891,"./calc":892,"./defaults":893,"./plot":896}],895:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("d3-interpolate").interpolateNumber,a=t("../../plot_api/plot_api"),o=t("../../components/fx"),s=t("../../lib"),l=s.strTranslate,c=t("../../components/drawing"),u=t("tinycolor2"),f=t("../../lib/svg_text_utils");function h(t,e,r,i){var a=e._context.staticPlot,o=t.map(F.bind(0,e,r)),u=i.selectAll("g.parcatslayer").data([null]);u.enter().append("g").attr("class","parcatslayer").style("pointer-events",a?"none":"all");var h=u.selectAll("g.trace.parcats").data(o,p),y=h.enter().append("g").attr("class","trace parcats");h.attr("transform",(function(t){return l(t.x,t.y)})),y.append("g").attr("class","paths");var x=h.select("g.paths").selectAll("path.path").data((function(t){return t.paths}),p);x.attr("fill",(function(t){return t.model.color}));var w=x.enter().append("path").attr("class","path").attr("stroke-opacity",0).attr("fill",(function(t){return t.model.color})).attr("fill-opacity",0);_(w),x.attr("d",(function(t){return t.svgD})),w.empty()||x.sort(m),x.exit().remove(),x.on("mouseover",g).on("mouseout",v).on("click",b),y.append("g").attr("class","dimensions");var A=h.select("g.dimensions").selectAll("g.dimension").data((function(t){return t.dimensions}),p);A.enter().append("g").attr("class","dimension"),A.attr("transform",(function(t){return l(t.x,0)})),A.exit().remove();var M=A.selectAll("g.category").data((function(t){return t.categories}),p),S=M.enter().append("g").attr("class","category");M.attr("transform",(function(t){return l(0,t.y)})),S.append("rect").attr("class","catrect").attr("pointer-events","none"),M.select("rect.catrect").attr("fill","none").attr("width",(function(t){return t.width})).attr("height",(function(t){return t.height})),T(S);var E=M.selectAll("rect.bandrect").data((function(t){return t.bands}),p);E.each((function(){s.raiseToTop(this)})),E.attr("fill",(function(t){return t.color}));var z=E.enter().append("rect").attr("class","bandrect").attr("stroke-opacity",0).attr("fill",(function(t){return t.color})).attr("fill-opacity",0);E.attr("fill",(function(t){return t.color})).attr("width",(function(t){return t.width})).attr("height",(function(t){return t.height})).attr("y",(function(t){return t.y})).attr("cursor",(function(t){return"fixed"===t.parcatsViewModel.arrangement?"default":"perpendicular"===t.parcatsViewModel.arrangement?"ns-resize":"move"})),k(z),E.exit().remove(),S.append("text").attr("class","catlabel").attr("pointer-events","none");var D=e._fullLayout.paper_bgcolor;M.select("text.catlabel").attr("text-anchor",(function(t){return d(t)?"start":"end"})).attr("alignment-baseline","middle").style("text-shadow",f.makeTextShadow(D)).style("fill","rgb(0, 0, 0)").attr("x",(function(t){return d(t)?t.width+5:-5})).attr("y",(function(t){return t.height/2})).text((function(t){return t.model.categoryLabel})).each((function(t){c.font(n.select(this),t.parcatsViewModel.categorylabelfont),f.convertToTspans(n.select(this),e)})),S.append("text").attr("class","dimlabel"),M.select("text.dimlabel").attr("text-anchor","middle").attr("alignment-baseline","baseline").attr("cursor",(function(t){return"fixed"===t.parcatsViewModel.arrangement?"default":"ew-resize"})).attr("x",(function(t){return t.width/2})).attr("y",-5).text((function(t,e){return 0===e?t.parcatsViewModel.model.dimensions[t.model.dimensionInd].dimensionLabel:null})).each((function(t){c.font(n.select(this),t.parcatsViewModel.labelfont)})),M.selectAll("rect.bandrect").on("mouseover",L).on("mouseout",C),M.exit().remove(),A.call(n.behavior.drag().origin((function(t){return{x:t.x,y:0}})).on("dragstart",P).on("drag",I).on("dragend",O)),h.each((function(t){t.traceSelection=n.select(this),t.pathSelection=n.select(this).selectAll("g.paths").selectAll("path.path"),t.dimensionSelection=n.select(this).selectAll("g.dimensions").selectAll("g.dimension")})),h.exit().remove()}function p(t){return t.key}function d(t){var e=t.parcatsViewModel.dimensions.length,r=t.parcatsViewModel.dimensions[e-1].model.dimensionInd;return t.model.dimensionInd===r}function m(t,e){return t.model.rawColor>e.model.rawColor?1:t.model.rawColor<e.model.rawColor?-1:0}function g(t){if(!t.parcatsViewModel.dragDimension&&-1===t.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("skip")){s.raiseToTop(this),w(n.select(this));var e=y(t),r=x(t);if(t.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv.emit("plotly_hover",{points:e,event:n.event,constraints:r}),-1===t.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("none")){var i,a,l,c=n.mouse(this)[0],f=t.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv,h=t.parcatsViewModel.trace,p=f._fullLayout,d=p._paperdiv.node().getBoundingClientRect(),m=t.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv.getBoundingClientRect();for(l=0;l<t.leftXs.length-1;l++)if(t.leftXs[l]+t.dimWidths[l]-2<=c&&c<=t.leftXs[l+1]+2){var g=t.parcatsViewModel.dimensions[l],v=t.parcatsViewModel.dimensions[l+1];i=(g.x+g.width+v.x)/2,a=(t.topYs[l]+t.topYs[l+1]+t.height)/2;break}var b=t.parcatsViewModel.x+i,_=t.parcatsViewModel.y+a,T=u.mostReadable(t.model.color,["black","white"]),k=t.model.count,A=k/t.parcatsViewModel.model.count,M={countLabel:k,probabilityLabel:A.toFixed(3)},S=[];-1!==t.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("count")&&S.push(["Count:",M.countLabel].join(" ")),-1!==t.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("probability")&&S.push(["P:",M.probabilityLabel].join(" "));var E=S.join("<br>"),L=n.mouse(f)[0];o.loneHover({trace:h,x:b-d.left+m.left,y:_-d.top+m.top,text:E,color:t.model.color,borderColor:"black",fontFamily:'Monaco, "Courier New", monospace',fontSize:10,fontColor:T,idealAlign:L<b?"right":"left",hovertemplate:(h.line||{}).hovertemplate,hovertemplateLabels:M,eventData:[{data:h._input,fullData:h,count:k,probability:A}]},{container:p._hoverlayer.node(),outerContainer:p._paper.node(),gd:f})}}}function v(t){if(!t.parcatsViewModel.dragDimension&&(_(n.select(this)),o.loneUnhover(t.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv._fullLayout._hoverlayer.node()),t.parcatsViewModel.pathSelection.sort(m),-1===t.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("skip"))){var e=y(t),r=x(t);t.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv.emit("plotly_unhover",{points:e,event:n.event,constraints:r})}}function y(t){for(var e=[],r=z(t.parcatsViewModel),n=0;n<t.model.valueInds.length;n++){var i=t.model.valueInds[n];e.push({curveNumber:r,pointNumber:i})}return e}function x(t){for(var e={},r=t.parcatsViewModel.model.dimensions,n=0;n<r.length;n++){var i=r[n],a=i.categories[t.model.categoryInds[n]];e[i.containerInd]=a.categoryValue}return void 0!==t.model.rawColor&&(e.color=t.model.rawColor),e}function b(t){if(-1===t.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("skip")){var e=y(t),r=x(t);t.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv.emit("plotly_click",{points:e,event:n.event,constraints:r})}}function _(t){t.attr("fill",(function(t){return t.model.color})).attr("fill-opacity",.6).attr("stroke","lightgray").attr("stroke-width",.2).attr("stroke-opacity",1)}function w(t){t.attr("fill-opacity",.8).attr("stroke",(function(t){return u.mostReadable(t.model.color,["black","white"])})).attr("stroke-width",.3)}function T(t){t.select("rect.catrect").attr("stroke","black").attr("stroke-width",1).attr("stroke-opacity",1)}function k(t){t.attr("stroke","black").attr("stroke-width",.2).attr("stroke-opacity",1).attr("fill-opacity",1)}function A(t){var e=t.parcatsViewModel.pathSelection,r=t.categoryViewModel.model.dimensionInd,n=t.categoryViewModel.model.categoryInd;return e.filter((function(e){return e.model.categoryInds[r]===n&&e.model.color===t.color}))}function M(t,e,r){var i=n.select(t).datum(),a=i.categoryViewModel.model,o=i.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv,s=n.select(t.parentNode).selectAll("rect.bandrect"),l=[];s.each((function(t){A(t).each((function(t){Array.prototype.push.apply(l,y(t))}))}));var c={};c[a.dimensionInd]=a.categoryValue,o.emit(e,{points:l,event:r,constraints:c})}function S(t,e,r){var i=n.select(t).datum(),a=i.categoryViewModel.model,o=i.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv,s=A(i),l=[];s.each((function(t){Array.prototype.push.apply(l,y(t))}));var c={};c[a.dimensionInd]=a.categoryValue,void 0!==i.rawColor&&(c.color=i.rawColor),o.emit(e,{points:l,event:r,constraints:c})}function E(t,e,r){t._fullLayout._calcInverseTransform(t);var i,a,o=t._fullLayout._invScaleX,s=t._fullLayout._invScaleY,l=n.select(r.parentNode).select("rect.catrect"),c=l.node().getBoundingClientRect(),u=l.datum(),f=u.parcatsViewModel,h=f.model.dimensions[u.model.dimensionInd],p=f.trace,d=c.top+c.height/2;f.dimensions.length>1&&h.displayInd===f.dimensions.length-1?(i=c.left,a="left"):(i=c.left+c.width,a="right");var m=u.model.count,g=u.model.categoryLabel,v=m/u.parcatsViewModel.model.count,y={countLabel:m,categoryLabel:g,probabilityLabel:v.toFixed(3)},x=[];-1!==u.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("count")&&x.push(["Count:",y.countLabel].join(" ")),-1!==u.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("probability")&&x.push(["P("+y.categoryLabel+"):",y.probabilityLabel].join(" "));var b=x.join("<br>");return{trace:p,x:o*(i-e.left),y:s*(d-e.top),text:b,color:"lightgray",borderColor:"black",fontFamily:'Monaco, "Courier New", monospace',fontSize:12,fontColor:"black",idealAlign:a,hovertemplate:p.hovertemplate,hovertemplateLabels:y,eventData:[{data:p._input,fullData:p,count:m,category:g,probability:v}]}}function L(t){if(!t.parcatsViewModel.dragDimension&&-1===t.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("skip")){if(n.mouse(this)[1]<-1)return;var e,r=t.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv,i=r._fullLayout,a=i._paperdiv.node().getBoundingClientRect(),l=t.parcatsViewModel.hoveron;if("color"===l?(!function(t){var e=n.select(t).datum(),r=A(e);w(r),r.each((function(){s.raiseToTop(this)})),n.select(t.parentNode).selectAll("rect.bandrect").filter((function(t){return t.color===e.color})).each((function(){s.raiseToTop(this),n.select(this).attr("stroke","black").attr("stroke-width",1.5)}))}(this),S(this,"plotly_hover",n.event)):(!function(t){n.select(t.parentNode).selectAll("rect.bandrect").each((function(t){var e=A(t);w(e),e.each((function(){s.raiseToTop(this)}))})),n.select(t.parentNode).select("rect.catrect").attr("stroke","black").attr("stroke-width",2.5)}(this),M(this,"plotly_hover",n.event)),-1===t.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("none"))"category"===l?e=E(r,a,this):"color"===l?e=function(t,e,r){t._fullLayout._calcInverseTransform(t);var i,a,o=t._fullLayout._invScaleX,s=t._fullLayout._invScaleY,l=r.getBoundingClientRect(),c=n.select(r).datum(),f=c.categoryViewModel,h=f.parcatsViewModel,p=h.model.dimensions[f.model.dimensionInd],d=h.trace,m=l.y+l.height/2;h.dimensions.length>1&&p.displayInd===h.dimensions.length-1?(i=l.left,a="left"):(i=l.left+l.width,a="right");var g=f.model.categoryLabel,v=c.parcatsViewModel.model.count,y=0;c.categoryViewModel.bands.forEach((function(t){t.color===c.color&&(y+=t.count)}));var x=f.model.count,b=0;h.pathSelection.each((function(t){t.model.color===c.color&&(b+=t.model.count)}));var _=y/v,w=y/b,T=y/x,k={countLabel:v,categoryLabel:g,probabilityLabel:_.toFixed(3)},A=[];-1!==f.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("count")&&A.push(["Count:",k.countLabel].join(" ")),-1!==f.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("probability")&&(A.push("P(color \u2229 "+g+"): "+k.probabilityLabel),A.push("P("+g+" | color): "+w.toFixed(3)),A.push("P(color | "+g+"): "+T.toFixed(3)));var M=A.join("<br>"),S=u.mostReadable(c.color,["black","white"]);return{trace:d,x:o*(i-e.left),y:s*(m-e.top),text:M,color:c.color,borderColor:"black",fontFamily:'Monaco, "Courier New", monospace',fontColor:S,fontSize:10,idealAlign:a,hovertemplate:d.hovertemplate,hovertemplateLabels:k,eventData:[{data:d._input,fullData:d,category:g,count:v,probability:_,categorycount:x,colorcount:b,bandcolorcount:y}]}}(r,a,this):"dimension"===l&&(e=function(t,e,r){var i=[];return n.select(r.parentNode.parentNode).selectAll("g.category").select("rect.catrect").each((function(){i.push(E(t,e,this))})),i}(r,a,this)),e&&o.loneHover(e,{container:i._hoverlayer.node(),outerContainer:i._paper.node(),gd:r})}}function C(t){var e=t.parcatsViewModel;if(!e.dragDimension&&(_(e.pathSelection),T(e.dimensionSelection.selectAll("g.category")),k(e.dimensionSelection.selectAll("g.category").selectAll("rect.bandrect")),o.loneUnhover(e.graphDiv._fullLayout._hoverlayer.node()),e.pathSelection.sort(m),-1===e.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("skip"))){"color"===t.parcatsViewModel.hoveron?S(this,"plotly_unhover",n.event):M(this,"plotly_unhover",n.event)}}function P(t){"fixed"!==t.parcatsViewModel.arrangement&&(t.dragDimensionDisplayInd=t.model.displayInd,t.initialDragDimensionDisplayInds=t.parcatsViewModel.model.dimensions.map((function(t){return t.displayInd})),t.dragHasMoved=!1,t.dragCategoryDisplayInd=null,n.select(this).selectAll("g.category").select("rect.catrect").each((function(e){var r=n.mouse(this)[0],i=n.mouse(this)[1];-2<=r&&r<=e.width+2&&-2<=i&&i<=e.height+2&&(t.dragCategoryDisplayInd=e.model.displayInd,t.initialDragCategoryDisplayInds=t.model.categories.map((function(t){return t.displayInd})),e.model.dragY=e.y,s.raiseToTop(this.parentNode),n.select(this.parentNode).selectAll("rect.bandrect").each((function(e){e.y<i&&i<=e.y+e.height&&(t.potentialClickBand=this)})))})),t.parcatsViewModel.dragDimension=t,o.loneUnhover(t.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv._fullLayout._hoverlayer.node()))}function I(t){if("fixed"!==t.parcatsViewModel.arrangement&&(t.dragHasMoved=!0,null!==t.dragDimensionDisplayInd)){var e=t.dragDimensionDisplayInd,r=e-1,i=e+1,a=t.parcatsViewModel.dimensions[e];if(null!==t.dragCategoryDisplayInd){var o=a.categories[t.dragCategoryDisplayInd];o.model.dragY+=n.event.dy;var s=o.model.dragY,l=o.model.displayInd,c=a.categories,u=c[l-1],f=c[l+1];void 0!==u&&s<u.y+u.height/2&&(o.model.displayInd=u.model.displayInd,u.model.displayInd=l),void 0!==f&&s+o.height>f.y+f.height/2&&(o.model.displayInd=f.model.displayInd,f.model.displayInd=l),t.dragCategoryDisplayInd=o.model.displayInd}if(null===t.dragCategoryDisplayInd||"freeform"===t.parcatsViewModel.arrangement){a.model.dragX=n.event.x;var h=t.parcatsViewModel.dimensions[r],p=t.parcatsViewModel.dimensions[i];void 0!==h&&a.model.dragX<h.x+h.width&&(a.model.displayInd=h.model.displayInd,h.model.displayInd=e),void 0!==p&&a.model.dragX+a.width>p.x&&(a.model.displayInd=p.model.displayInd,p.model.displayInd=t.dragDimensionDisplayInd),t.dragDimensionDisplayInd=a.model.displayInd}j(t.parcatsViewModel),N(t.parcatsViewModel),R(t.parcatsViewModel),D(t.parcatsViewModel)}}function O(t){if("fixed"!==t.parcatsViewModel.arrangement&&null!==t.dragDimensionDisplayInd){n.select(this).selectAll("text").attr("font-weight","normal");var e={},r=z(t.parcatsViewModel),i=t.parcatsViewModel.model.dimensions.map((function(t){return t.displayInd})),o=t.initialDragDimensionDisplayInds.some((function(t,e){return t!==i[e]}));o&&i.forEach((function(r,n){var i=t.parcatsViewModel.model.dimensions[n].containerInd;e["dimensions["+i+"].displayindex"]=r}));var s=!1;if(null!==t.dragCategoryDisplayInd){var l=t.model.categories.map((function(t){return t.displayInd}));if(s=t.initialDragCategoryDisplayInds.some((function(t,e){return t!==l[e]}))){var c=t.model.categories.slice().sort((function(t,e){return t.displayInd-e.displayInd})),u=c.map((function(t){return t.categoryValue})),f=c.map((function(t){return t.categoryLabel}));e["dimensions["+t.model.containerInd+"].categoryarray"]=[u],e["dimensions["+t.model.containerInd+"].ticktext"]=[f],e["dimensions["+t.model.containerInd+"].categoryorder"]="array"}}if(-1===t.parcatsViewModel.hoverinfoItems.indexOf("skip")&&!t.dragHasMoved&&t.potentialClickBand&&("color"===t.parcatsViewModel.hoveron?S(t.potentialClickBand,"plotly_click",n.event.sourceEvent):M(t.potentialClickBand,"plotly_click",n.event.sourceEvent)),t.model.dragX=null,null!==t.dragCategoryDisplayInd)t.parcatsViewModel.dimensions[t.dragDimensionDisplayInd].categories[t.dragCategoryDisplayInd].model.dragY=null,t.dragCategoryDisplayInd=null;t.dragDimensionDisplayInd=null,t.parcatsViewModel.dragDimension=null,t.dragHasMoved=null,t.potentialClickBand=null,j(t.parcatsViewModel),N(t.parcatsViewModel),n.transition().duration(300).ease("cubic-in-out").each((function(){R(t.parcatsViewModel,!0),D(t.parcatsViewModel,!0)})).each("end",(function(){(o||s)&&a.restyle(t.parcatsViewModel.graphDiv,e,[r])}))}}function z(t){for(var e,r=t.graphDiv._fullData,n=0;n<r.length;n++)if(t.key===r[n].uid){e=n;break}return e}function D(t,e){var r;void 0===e&&(e=!1),t.pathSelection.data((function(t){return t.paths}),p),(r=t.pathSelection,e?r.transition():r).attr("d",(function(t){return t.svgD}))}function R(t,e){function r(t){return e?t.transition():t}void 0===e&&(e=!1),t.dimensionSelection.data((function(t){return t.dimensions}),p);var i=t.dimensionSelection.selectAll("g.category").data((function(t){return t.categories}),p);r(t.dimensionSelection).attr("transform",(function(t){return l(t.x,0)})),r(i).attr("transform",(function(t){return l(0,t.y)})),i.select(".dimlabel").text((function(t,e){return 0===e?t.parcatsViewModel.model.dimensions[t.model.dimensionInd].dimensionLabel:null})),i.select(".catlabel").attr("text-anchor",(function(t){return d(t)?"start":"end"})).attr("x",(function(t){return d(t)?t.width+5:-5})).each((function(t){var e,r;d(t)?(e=t.width+5,r="start"):(e=-5,r="end"),n.select(this).selectAll("tspan").attr("x",e).attr("text-anchor",r)}));var a=i.selectAll("rect.bandrect").data((function(t){return t.bands}),p),o=a.enter().append("rect").attr("class","bandrect").attr("cursor","move").attr("stroke-opacity",0).attr("fill",(function(t){return t.color})).attr("fill-opacity",0);a.attr("fill",(function(t){return t.color})).attr("width",(function(t){return t.width})).attr("height",(function(t){return t.height})).attr("y",(function(t){return t.y})),k(o),a.each((function(){s.raiseToTop(this)})),a.exit().remove()}function F(t,e,r){var n,i=r[0],a=e.margin||{l:80,r:80,t:100,b:80},o=i.trace,s=o.domain,l=e.width,c=e.height,u=Math.floor(l*(s.x[1]-s.x[0])),f=Math.floor(c*(s.y[1]-s.y[0])),h=s.x[0]*l+a.l,p=e.height-s.y[1]*e.height+a.t,d=o.line.shape;n="all"===o.hoverinfo?["count","probability"]:(o.hoverinfo||"").split("+");var m={trace:o,key:o.uid,model:i,x:h,y:p,width:u,height:f,hoveron:o.hoveron,hoverinfoItems:n,arrangement:o.arrangement,bundlecolors:o.bundlecolors,sortpaths:o.sortpaths,labelfont:o.labelfont,categorylabelfont:o.tickfont,pathShape:d,dragDimension:null,margin:a,paths:[],dimensions:[],graphDiv:t,traceSelection:null,pathSelection:null,dimensionSelection:null};return i.dimensions&&(j(m),N(m)),m}function B(t,e,r,n,a){var o,s,l=[],c=[];for(s=0;s<r.length-1;s++)o=i(r[s]+t[s],t[s+1]),l.push(o(a)),c.push(o(1-a));var u="M "+t[0]+","+e[0];for(u+="l"+r[0]+",0 ",s=1;s<r.length;s++)u+="C"+l[s-1]+","+e[s-1]+" "+c[s-1]+","+e[s]+" "+t[s]+","+e[s],u+="l"+r[s]+",0 ";for(u+="l0,"+n+" ",u+="l -"+r[r.length-1]+",0 ",s=r.length-2;s>=0;s--)u+="C"+c[s]+","+(e[s+1]+n)+" "+l[s]+","+(e[s]+n)+" "+(t[s]+r[s])+","+(e[s]+n),u+="l-"+r[s]+",0 ";return u+="Z"}function N(t){var e=t.dimensions,r=t.model,n=e.map((function(t){return t.categories.map((function(t){return t.y}))})),i=t.model.dimensions.map((function(t){return t.categories.map((function(t){return t.displayInd}))})),a=t.model.dimensions.map((function(t){return t.displayInd})),o=t.dimensions.map((function(t){return t.model.dimensionInd})),s=e.map((function(t){return t.x})),l=e.map((function(t){return t.width})),c=[];for(var u in r.paths)r.paths.hasOwnProperty(u)&&c.push(r.paths[u]);function f(t){var e=t.categoryInds.map((function(t,e){return i[e][t]}));return o.map((function(t){return e[t]}))}c.sort((function(e,r){var n=f(e),i=f(r);return"backward"===t.sortpaths&&(n.reverse(),i.reverse()),n.push(e.valueInds[0]),i.push(r.valueInds[0]),t.bundlecolors&&(n.unshift(e.rawColor),i.unshift(r.rawColor)),n<i?-1:n>i?1:0}));for(var h=new Array(c.length),p=e[0].model.count,d=e[0].categories.map((function(t){return t.height})).reduce((function(t,e){return t+e})),m=0;m<c.length;m++){var g,v=c[m];g=p>0?d*(v.count/p):0;for(var y,x=new Array(n.length),b=0;b<v.categoryInds.length;b++){var _=v.categoryInds[b],w=i[b][_],T=a[b];x[T]=n[T][w],n[T][w]+=g;var k=t.dimensions[T].categories[w],A=k.bands.length,M=k.bands[A-1];if(void 0===M||v.rawColor!==M.rawColor){var S=void 0===M?0:M.y+M.height;k.bands.push({key:S,color:v.color,rawColor:v.rawColor,height:g,width:k.width,count:v.count,y:S,categoryViewModel:k,parcatsViewModel:t})}else{var E=k.bands[A-1];E.height+=g,E.count+=v.count}}y="hspline"===t.pathShape?B(s,x,l,g,.5):B(s,x,l,g,0),h[m]={key:v.valueInds[0],model:v,height:g,leftXs:s,topYs:x,dimWidths:l,svgD:y,parcatsViewModel:t}}t.paths=h}function j(t){var e=t.model.dimensions.map((function(t){return{displayInd:t.displayInd,dimensionInd:t.dimensionInd}}));e.sort((function(t,e){return t.displayInd-e.displayInd}));var r=[];for(var n in e){var i=e[n].dimensionInd,a=t.model.dimensions[i];r.push(U(t,a))}t.dimensions=r}function U(t,e){var r,n=t.model.dimensions.length,i=e.displayInd;r=40+(n>1?(t.width-80-16)/(n-1):0)*i;var 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n=t("./parcats");e.exports=function(t,e,r,i){var a=t._fullLayout,o=a._paper,s=a._size;n(t,o,e,{width:s.w,height:s.h,margin:{t:s.t,r:s.r,b:s.b,l:s.l}},r,i)}},{"./parcats":895}],897:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../components/colorscale/attributes"),i=t("../../plots/cartesian/layout_attributes"),a=t("../../plots/font_attributes"),o=t("../../plots/domain").attributes,s=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat,l=t("../../plot_api/plot_template").templatedArray;e.exports={domain:o({name:"parcoords",trace:!0,editType:"plot"}),labelangle:{valType:"angle",dflt:0,editType:"plot"},labelside:{valType:"enumerated",values:["top","bottom"],dflt:"top",editType:"plot"},labelfont:a({editType:"plot"}),tickfont:a({editType:"plot"}),rangefont:a({editType:"plot"}),dimensions:l("dimension",{label:{valType:"string",editType:"plot"},tickvals:s({},i.tickvals,{editType:"plot"}),ticktext:s({},i.ticktext,{editType:"plot"}),tickformat:s({},i.tickformat,{editType:"plot"}),visible:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0,editType:"plot"},range:{valType:"info_array",items:[{valType:"number",editType:"plot"},{valType:"number",editType:"plot"}],editType:"plot"},constraintrange:{valType:"info_array",freeLength:!0,dimensions:"1-2",items:[{valType:"any",editType:"plot"},{valType:"any",editType:"plot"}],editType:"plot"},multiselect:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0,editType:"plot"},values:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},editType:"calc"}),line:s({editType:"calc"},n("line",{colorscaleDflt:"Viridis",autoColorDflt:!1,editTypeOverride:"calc"})),unselected:{line:{color:{valType:"color",dflt:"#7f7f7f",editType:"plot"},opacity:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:"auto",editType:"plot"},editType:"plot"},editType:"plot"}}},{"../../components/colorscale/attributes":374,"../../lib/extend":505,"../../plot_api/plot_template":555,"../../plots/cartesian/layout_attributes":579,"../../plots/domain":593,"../../plots/font_attributes":594}],898:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("./constants"),i=t("@plotly/d3"),a=t("../../lib/gup").keyFun,o=t("../../lib/gup").repeat,s=t("../../lib").sorterAsc,l=t("../../lib").strTranslate,c=n.bar.snapRatio;function u(t,e){return t*(1-c)+e*c}var f=n.bar.snapClose;function h(t,e){return t*(1-f)+e*f}function p(t,e,r,n){if(function(t,e){for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(t>=e[r][0]&&t<=e[r][1])return!0;return!1}(r,n))return r;var i=t?-1:1,a=0,o=e.length-1;if(i<0){var s=a;a=o,o=s}for(var l=e[a],c=l,f=a;i*f<i*o;f+=i){var p=f+i,d=e[p];if(i*r<i*h(l,d))return u(l,c);if(i*r<i*d||p===o)return u(d,l);c=l,l=d}}function d(t){t.attr("x",-n.bar.captureWidth/2).attr("width",n.bar.captureWidth)}function m(t){t.attr("visibility","visible").style("visibility","visible").attr("fill","yellow").attr("opacity",0)}function g(t){if(!t.brush.filterSpecified)return"0,"+t.height;for(var 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k(t){t.on("mousemove",(function(t){i.event.preventDefault(),t.parent.inBrushDrag||T(this,t)})).on("mouseleave",(function(t){t.parent.inBrushDrag||y()})).call(i.behavior.drag().on("dragstart",(function(t){!function(t,e){i.event.sourceEvent.stopPropagation();var r=e.height-i.mouse(t)[1]-2*n.verticalPadding,a=e.unitToPaddedPx.invert(r),o=e.brush,s=_(e,r),l=s.interval,c=o.svgBrush;if(c.wasDragged=!1,c.grabbingBar="ns"===s.region,c.grabbingBar){var u=l.map(e.unitToPaddedPx);c.grabPoint=r-u[0]-n.verticalPadding,c.barLength=u[1]-u[0]}c.clickableOrdinalRange=s.clickableOrdinalRange,c.stayingIntervals=e.multiselect&&o.filterSpecified?o.filter.getConsolidated():[],l&&(c.stayingIntervals=c.stayingIntervals.filter((function(t){return t[0]!==l[0]&&t[1]!==l[1]}))),c.startExtent=s.region?l["s"===s.region?1:0]:a,e.parent.inBrushDrag=!0,c.brushStartCallback()}(this,t)})).on("drag",(function(t){w(this,t)})).on("dragend",(function(t){!function(t,e){var r=e.brush,n=r.filter,a=r.svgBrush;a._dragging||(T(t,e),w(t,e),e.brush.svgBrush.wasDragged=!1),a._dragging=!1,i.event.sourceEvent.stopPropagation();var o=a.grabbingBar;if(a.grabbingBar=!1,a.grabLocation=void 0,e.parent.inBrushDrag=!1,y(),!a.wasDragged)return a.wasDragged=void 0,a.clickableOrdinalRange?r.filterSpecified&&e.multiselect?a.extent.push(a.clickableOrdinalRange):(a.extent=[a.clickableOrdinalRange],r.filterSpecified=!0):o?(a.extent=a.stayingIntervals,0===a.extent.length&&M(r)):M(r),a.brushCallback(e),b(t.parentNode),void a.brushEndCallback(r.filterSpecified?n.getConsolidated():[]);var s=function(){n.set(n.getConsolidated())};if(e.ordinal){var l=e.unitTickvals;l[l.length-1]<l[0]&&l.reverse(),a.newExtent=[p(0,l,a.newExtent[0],a.stayingIntervals),p(1,l,a.newExtent[1],a.stayingIntervals)];var c=a.newExtent[1]>a.newExtent[0];a.extent=a.stayingIntervals.concat(c?[a.newExtent]:[]),a.extent.length||M(r),a.brushCallback(e),c?b(t.parentNode,s):(s(),b(t.parentNode))}else 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n=t("../../lib"),i=t("../../components/colorscale/helpers").hasColorscale,a=t("../../components/colorscale/defaults"),o=t("../../plots/domain").defaults,s=t("../../plots/array_container_defaults"),l=t("../../plots/cartesian/axes"),c=t("./attributes"),u=t("./axisbrush"),f=t("./constants").maxDimensionCount,h=t("./merge_length");function p(t,e,r,i){function a(r,i){return n.coerce(t,e,c.dimensions,r,i)}var o=a("values"),s=a("visible");if(o&&o.length||(s=e.visible=!1),s){a("label"),a("tickvals"),a("ticktext"),a("tickformat");var f=a("range");e._ax={_id:"y",type:"linear",showexponent:"all",exponentformat:"B",range:f},l.setConvert(e._ax,i.layout),a("multiselect");var h=a("constraintrange");h&&(e.constraintrange=u.cleanRanges(h,e))}}e.exports=function(t,e,r,l){function u(r,i){return n.coerce(t,e,c,r,i)}var d=t.dimensions;Array.isArray(d)&&d.length>f&&(n.log("parcoords traces support up to "+f+" dimensions at the moment"),d.splice(f));var 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0.0);\nconst vec4 UNITS = vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n\nfloat val(mat4 p, mat4 v) {\n return dot(matrixCompMult(p, v) * UNITS, UNITS);\n}\n\nfloat axisY(float ratio, mat4 A, mat4 B, mat4 C, mat4 D) {\n float y1 = val(A, dim0A) + val(B, dim0B) + val(C, dim0C) + val(D, dim0D);\n float y2 = val(A, dim1A) + val(B, dim1B) + val(C, dim1C) + val(D, dim1D);\n return y1 * (1.0 - ratio) + y2 * ratio;\n}\n\nint iMod(int a, int b) {\n return a - b * (a / b);\n}\n\nbool fOutside(float p, float lo, float hi) {\n return (lo < hi) && (lo > p || p > hi);\n}\n\nbool vOutside(vec4 p, vec4 lo, vec4 hi) {\n return (\n fOutside(p[0], lo[0], hi[0]) ||\n fOutside(p[1], lo[1], hi[1]) ||\n fOutside(p[2], lo[2], hi[2]) ||\n fOutside(p[3], lo[3], hi[3])\n );\n}\n\nbool mOutside(mat4 p, mat4 lo, mat4 hi) {\n return (\n vOutside(p[0], lo[0], hi[0]) ||\n vOutside(p[1], lo[1], hi[1]) ||\n vOutside(p[2], lo[2], hi[2]) ||\n vOutside(p[3], lo[3], hi[3])\n );\n}\n\nbool outsideBoundingBox(mat4 A, mat4 B, mat4 C, mat4 D) 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left","top center","top right","middle center","bottom left","bottom center","bottom right"],editType:"plot"},editType:"plot"},domain:i({name:"pie",trace:!0,editType:"calc"}),hole:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:0,editType:"calc"},sort:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0,editType:"calc"},direction:{valType:"enumerated",values:["clockwise","counterclockwise"],dflt:"counterclockwise",editType:"calc"},rotation:{valType:"angle",dflt:0,editType:"calc"},pull:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:0,arrayOk:!0,editType:"calc"},_deprecated:{title:{valType:"string",dflt:"",editType:"calc"},titlefont:c({},u,{}),titleposition:{valType:"enumerated",values:["top left","top center","top right","middle center","bottom left","bottom center","bottom right"],editType:"calc"}}}},{"../../components/color/attributes":366,"../../lib/extend":505,"../../plots/attributes":562,"../../plots/domain":593,"../../plots/font_attributes":594,"../../plots/template_attributes":642}],911:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../plots/plots");r.name="pie",r.plot=function(t,e,i,a){n.plotBasePlot(r.name,t,e,i,a)},r.clean=function(t,e,i,a){n.cleanBasePlot(r.name,t,e,i,a)}},{"../../plots/plots":628}],912:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("fast-isnumeric"),i=t("tinycolor2"),a=t("../../components/color"),o={};function s(t){return function(e,r){return!!e&&(!!(e=i(e)).isValid()&&(e=a.addOpacity(e,e.getAlpha()),t[r]||(t[r]=e),e))}}function l(t,e){var r,n=JSON.stringify(t),a=e[n];if(!a){for(a=t.slice(),r=0;r<t.length;r++)a.push(i(t[r]).lighten(20).toHexString());for(r=0;r<t.length;r++)a.push(i(t[r]).darken(20).toHexString());e[n]=a}return a}e.exports={calc:function(t,e){var r,i,a=[],o=t._fullLayout,l=o.hiddenlabels||[],c=e.labels,u=e.marker.colors||[],f=e.values,h=e._length,p=e._hasValues&&h;if(e.dlabel)for(c=new Array(h),r=0;r<h;r++)c[r]=String(e.label0+r*e.dlabel);var d={},m=s(o["_"+e.type+"colormap"]),g=0,v=!1;for(r=0;r<h;r++){var y,x,b;if(p){if(y=f[r],!n(y))continue;y=+y}else y=1;void 0!==(x=c[r])&&""!==x||(x=r);var _=d[x=String(x)];void 0===_?(d[x]=a.length,(b=-1!==l.indexOf(x))||(g+=y),a.push({v:y,label:x,color:m(u[r],x),i:r,pts:[r],hidden:b})):(v=!0,(i=a[_]).v+=y,i.pts.push(r),i.hidden||(g+=y),!1===i.color&&u[r]&&(i.color=m(u[r],x)))}return a=a.filter((function(t){return t.v>=0})),("funnelarea"===e.type?v:e.sort)&&a.sort((function(t,e){return e.v-t.v})),a[0]&&(a[0].vTotal=g),a},crossTraceCalc:function(t,e){var r=(e||{}).type;r||(r="pie");var n=t._fullLayout,i=t.calcdata,a=n[r+"colorway"],s=n["_"+r+"colormap"];n["extend"+r+"colors"]&&(a=l(a,o));for(var c=0,u=0;u<i.length;u++){var f=i[u];if(f[0].trace.type===r)for(var h=0;h<f.length;h++){var p=f[h];!1===p.color&&(s[p.label]?p.color=s[p.label]:(s[p.label]=p.color=a[c%a.length],c++))}}},makePullColorFn:s,generateExtendedColors:l}},{"../../components/color":367,"fast-isnumeric":190,tinycolor2:313}],913:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("fast-isnumeric"),i=t("../../lib"),a=t("./attributes"),o=t("../../plots/domain").defaults,s=t("../bar/defaults").handleText;function l(t,e){var r=Array.isArray(t),a=i.isArrayOrTypedArray(e),o=Math.min(r?t.length:1/0,a?e.length:1/0);if(isFinite(o)||(o=0),o&&a){for(var s,l=0;l<o;l++){var c=e[l];if(n(c)&&c>0){s=!0;break}}s||(o=0)}return{hasLabels:r,hasValues:a,len:o}}e.exports={handleLabelsAndValues:l,supplyDefaults:function(t,e,r,n){function c(r,n){return i.coerce(t,e,a,r,n)}var u=l(c("labels"),c("values")),f=u.len;if(e._hasLabels=u.hasLabels,e._hasValues=u.hasValues,!e._hasLabels&&e._hasValues&&(c("label0"),c("dlabel")),f){e._length=f,c("marker.line.width")&&c("marker.line.color"),c("marker.colors"),c("scalegroup");var h,p=c("text"),d=c("texttemplate");if(d||(h=c("textinfo",Array.isArray(p)?"text+percent":"percent")),c("hovertext"),c("hovertemplate"),d||h&&"none"!==h){var m=c("textposition");s(t,e,n,c,m,{moduleHasSelected:!1,moduleHasUnselected:!1,moduleHasConstrain:!1,moduleHasCliponaxis:!1,moduleHasTextangle:!1,moduleHasInsideanchor:!1}),(Array.isArray(m)||"auto"===m||"outside"===m)&&c("automargin"),("inside"===m||"auto"===m||Array.isArray(m))&&c("insidetextorientation")}o(e,n,c);var g=c("hole");if(c("title.text")){var v=c("title.position",g?"middle center":"top center");g||"middle center"!==v||(e.title.position="top center"),i.coerceFont(c,"title.font",n.font)}c("sort"),c("direction"),c("rotation"),c("pull")}else e.visible=!1}}},{"../../lib":515,"../../plots/domain":593,"../bar/defaults":661,"./attributes":910,"fast-isnumeric":190}],914:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../components/fx/helpers").appendArrayMultiPointValues;e.exports=function(t,e){var r={curveNumber:e.index,pointNumbers:t.pts,data:e._input,fullData:e,label:t.label,color:t.color,value:t.v,percent:t.percent,text:t.text,bbox:t.bbox,v:t.v};return 1===t.pts.length&&(r.pointNumber=r.i=t.pts[0]),n(r,e,t.pts),"funnelarea"===e.type&&(delete r.v,delete r.i),r}},{"../../components/fx/helpers":403}],915:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib");function i(t){return-1!==t.indexOf("e")?t.replace(/[.]?0+e/,"e"):-1!==t.indexOf(".")?t.replace(/[.]?0+$/,""):t}r.formatPiePercent=function(t,e){var r=i((100*t).toPrecision(3));return n.numSeparate(r,e)+"%"},r.formatPieValue=function(t,e){var r=i(t.toPrecision(10));return n.numSeparate(r,e)},r.getFirstFilled=function(t,e){if(Array.isArray(t))for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++){var n=t[e[r]];if(n||0===n||""===n)return n}},r.castOption=function(t,e){return Array.isArray(t)?r.getFirstFilled(t,e):t||void 0},r.getRotationAngle=function(t){return("auto"===t?0:t)*Math.PI/180}},{"../../lib":515}],916:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports={attributes:t("./attributes"),supplyDefaults:t("./defaults").supplyDefaults,supplyLayoutDefaults:t("./layout_defaults"),layoutAttributes:t("./layout_attributes"),calc:t("./calc").calc,crossTraceCalc:t("./calc").crossTraceCalc,plot:t("./plot").plot,style:t("./style"),styleOne:t("./style_one"),moduleType:"trace",name:"pie",basePlotModule:t("./base_plot"),categories:["pie-like","pie","showLegend"],meta:{}}},{"./attributes":910,"./base_plot":911,"./calc":912,"./defaults":913,"./layout_attributes":917,"./layout_defaults":918,"./plot":919,"./style":920,"./style_one":921}],917:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports={hiddenlabels:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},piecolorway:{valType:"colorlist",editType:"calc"},extendpiecolors:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0,editType:"calc"}}},{}],918:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib"),i=t("./layout_attributes");e.exports=function(t,e){function r(r,a){return n.coerce(t,e,i,r,a)}r("hiddenlabels"),r("piecolorway",e.colorway),r("extendpiecolors")}},{"../../lib":515,"./layout_attributes":917}],919:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("../../plots/plots"),a=t("../../components/fx"),o=t("../../components/color"),s=t("../../components/drawing"),l=t("../../lib"),c=l.strScale,u=l.strTranslate,f=t("../../lib/svg_text_utils"),h=t("../bar/uniform_text"),p=h.recordMinTextSize,d=h.clearMinTextSize,m=t("../bar/constants").TEXTPAD,g=t("./helpers"),v=t("./event_data"),y=t("../../lib").isValidTextValue;function x(t,e,r){var i=r[0],o=i.cx,s=i.cy,c=i.trace,u="funnelarea"===c.type;"_hasHoverLabel"in c||(c._hasHoverLabel=!1),"_hasHoverEvent"in c||(c._hasHoverEvent=!1),t.on("mouseover",(function(t){var r=e._fullLayout,f=e._fullData[c.index];if(!e._dragging&&!1!==r.hovermode){var h=f.hoverinfo;if(Array.isArray(h)&&(h=a.castHoverinfo({hoverinfo:[g.castOption(h,t.pts)],_module:c._module},r,0)),"all"===h&&(h="label+text+value+percent+name"),f.hovertemplate||"none"!==h&&"skip"!==h&&h){var p=t.rInscribed||0,d=o+t.pxmid[0]*(1-p),m=s+t.pxmid[1]*(1-p),y=r.separators,x=[];if(h&&-1!==h.indexOf("label")&&x.push(t.label),t.text=g.castOption(f.hovertext||f.text,t.pts),h&&-1!==h.indexOf("text")){var b=t.text;l.isValidTextValue(b)&&x.push(b)}t.value=t.v,t.valueLabel=g.formatPieValue(t.v,y),h&&-1!==h.indexOf("value")&&x.push(t.valueLabel),t.percent=t.v/i.vTotal,t.percentLabel=g.formatPiePercent(t.percent,y),h&&-1!==h.indexOf("percent")&&x.push(t.percentLabel);var _=f.hoverlabel,w=_.font,T=[];a.loneHover({trace:c,x0:d-p*i.r,x1:d+p*i.r,y:m,_x0:u?o+t.TL[0]:d-p*i.r,_x1:u?o+t.TR[0]:d+p*i.r,_y0:u?s+t.TL[1]:m-p*i.r,_y1:u?s+t.BL[1]:m+p*i.r,text:x.join("<br>"),name:f.hovertemplate||-1!==h.indexOf("name")?f.name:void 0,idealAlign:t.pxmid[0]<0?"left":"right",color:g.castOption(_.bgcolor,t.pts)||t.color,borderColor:g.castOption(_.bordercolor,t.pts),fontFamily:g.castOption(w.family,t.pts),fontSize:g.castOption(w.size,t.pts),fontColor:g.castOption(w.color,t.pts),nameLength:g.castOption(_.namelength,t.pts),textAlign:g.castOption(_.align,t.pts),hovertemplate:g.castOption(f.hovertemplate,t.pts),hovertemplateLabels:t,eventData:[v(t,f)]},{container:r._hoverlayer.node(),outerContainer:r._paper.node(),gd:e,inOut_bbox:T}),t.bbox=T[0],c._hasHoverLabel=!0}c._hasHoverEvent=!0,e.emit("plotly_hover",{points:[v(t,f)],event:n.event})}})),t.on("mouseout",(function(t){var r=e._fullLayout,i=e._fullData[c.index],o=n.select(this).datum();c._hasHoverEvent&&(t.originalEvent=n.event,e.emit("plotly_unhover",{points:[v(o,i)],event:n.event}),c._hasHoverEvent=!1),c._hasHoverLabel&&(a.loneUnhover(r._hoverlayer.node()),c._hasHoverLabel=!1)})),t.on("click",(function(t){var r=e._fullLayout,i=e._fullData[c.index];e._dragging||!1===r.hovermode||(e._hoverdata=[v(t,i)],a.click(e,n.event))}))}function b(t,e,r){var n=g.castOption(t.insidetextfont.color,e.pts);!n&&t._input.textfont&&(n=g.castOption(t._input.textfont.color,e.pts));var i=g.castOption(t.insidetextfont.family,e.pts)||g.castOption(t.textfont.family,e.pts)||r.family,a=g.castOption(t.insidetextfont.size,e.pts)||g.castOption(t.textfont.size,e.pts)||r.size;return{color:n||o.contrast(e.color),family:i,size:a}}function _(t,e){for(var r,n,i=0;i<t.length;i++)if((n=(r=t[i][0]).trace).title.text){var a=n.title.text;n._meta&&(a=l.templateString(a,n._meta));var o=s.tester.append("text").attr("data-notex",1).text(a).call(s.font,n.title.font).call(f.convertToTspans,e),c=s.bBox(o.node(),!0);r.titleBox={width:c.width,height:c.height},o.remove()}}function w(t,e,r){var n=r.r||e.rpx1,i=e.rInscribed;if(e.startangle===e.stopangle)return{rCenter:1-i,scale:0,rotate:0,textPosAngle:0};var a,o=e.ring,s=1===o&&Math.abs(e.startangle-e.stopangle)===2*Math.PI,l=e.halfangle,c=e.midangle,u=r.trace.insidetextorientation,f="horizontal"===u,h="tangential"===u,p="radial"===u,d="auto"===u,m=[];if(!d){var g,v=function(r,i){if(function(t,e){var r=t.startangle,n=t.stopangle;return r>e&&e>n||r<e&&e<n}(e,r)){var s=Math.abs(r-e.startangle),l=Math.abs(r-e.stopangle),c=s<l?s:l;(a="tan"===i?k(t,n,o,c,0):T(t,n,o,c,Math.PI/2)).textPosAngle=r,m.push(a)}};if(f||h){for(g=4;g>=-4;g-=2)v(Math.PI*g,"tan");for(g=4;g>=-4;g-=2)v(Math.PI*(g+1),"tan")}if(f||p){for(g=4;g>=-4;g-=2)v(Math.PI*(g+1.5),"rad");for(g=4;g>=-4;g-=2)v(Math.PI*(g+.5),"rad")}}if(s||d||f){var y=Math.sqrt(t.width*t.width+t.height*t.height);if((a={scale:i*n*2/y,rCenter:1-i,rotate:0}).textPosAngle=(e.startangle+e.stopangle)/2,a.scale>=1)return a;m.push(a)}(d||p)&&((a=T(t,n,o,l,c)).textPosAngle=(e.startangle+e.stopangle)/2,m.push(a)),(d||h)&&((a=k(t,n,o,l,c)).textPosAngle=(e.startangle+e.stopangle)/2,m.push(a));for(var x=0,b=0,_=0;_<m.length;_++){var w=m[_].scale;if(b<w&&(b=w,x=_),!d&&b>=1)break}return m[x]}function T(t,e,r,n,i){e=Math.max(0,e-2*m);var a=t.width/t.height,o=S(a,n,e,r);return{scale:2*o/t.height,rCenter:A(a,o/e),rotate:M(i)}}function k(t,e,r,n,i){e=Math.max(0,e-2*m);var a=t.height/t.width,o=S(a,n,e,r);return{scale:2*o/t.width,rCenter:A(a,o/e),rotate:M(i+Math.PI/2)}}function A(t,e){return Math.cos(e)-t*e}function M(t){return(180/Math.PI*t+720)%180-90}function S(t,e,r,n){var i=t+1/(2*Math.tan(e));return r*Math.min(1/(Math.sqrt(i*i+.5)+i),n/(Math.sqrt(t*t+n/2)+t))}function E(t,e){return t.v!==e.vTotal||e.trace.hole?Math.min(1/(1+1/Math.sin(t.halfangle)),t.ring/2):1}function L(t,e){var r=e.pxmid[0],n=e.pxmid[1],i=t.width/2,a=t.height/2;return r<0&&(i*=-1),n<0&&(a*=-1),{scale:1,rCenter:1,rotate:0,x:i+Math.abs(a)*(i>0?1:-1)/2,y:a/(1+r*r/(n*n)),outside:!0}}function C(t,e){var r,n,i,a=t.trace,o={x:t.cx,y:t.cy},s={tx:0,ty:0};s.ty+=a.title.font.size,i=I(a),-1!==a.title.position.indexOf("top")?(o.y-=(1+i)*t.r,s.ty-=t.titleBox.height):-1!==a.title.position.indexOf("bottom")&&(o.y+=(1+i)*t.r);var l,c,u=(l=t.r,c=t.trace.aspectratio,l/(void 0===c?1:c)),f=e.w*(a.domain.x[1]-a.domain.x[0])/2;return-1!==a.title.position.indexOf("left")?(f+=u,o.x-=(1+i)*u,s.tx+=t.titleBox.width/2):-1!==a.title.position.indexOf("center")?f*=2:-1!==a.title.position.indexOf("right")&&(f+=u,o.x+=(1+i)*u,s.tx-=t.titleBox.width/2),r=f/t.titleBox.width,n=P(t,e)/t.titleBox.height,{x:o.x,y:o.y,scale:Math.min(r,n),tx:s.tx,ty:s.ty}}function P(t,e){var r=t.trace,n=e.h*(r.domain.y[1]-r.domain.y[0]);return Math.min(t.titleBox.height,n/2)}function I(t){var e,r=t.pull;if(!r)return 0;if(Array.isArray(r))for(r=0,e=0;e<t.pull.length;e++)t.pull[e]>r&&(r=t.pull[e]);return r}function O(t,e){for(var r=[],n=0;n<t.length;n++){var i=t[n][0],a=i.trace,o=a.domain,s=e.w*(o.x[1]-o.x[0]),l=e.h*(o.y[1]-o.y[0]);a.title.text&&"middle center"!==a.title.position&&(l-=P(i,e));var c=s/2,u=l/2;"funnelarea"!==a.type||a.scalegroup||(u/=a.aspectratio),i.r=Math.min(c,u)/(1+I(a)),i.cx=e.l+e.w*(a.domain.x[1]+a.domain.x[0])/2,i.cy=e.t+e.h*(1-a.domain.y[0])-l/2,a.title.text&&-1!==a.title.position.indexOf("bottom")&&(i.cy-=P(i,e)),a.scalegroup&&-1===r.indexOf(a.scalegroup)&&r.push(a.scalegroup)}!function(t,e){for(var r,n,i,a=0;a<e.length;a++){var o=1/0,s=e[a];for(n=0;n<t.length;n++)if(r=t[n][0],(i=r.trace).scalegroup===s){var l;if("pie"===i.type)l=r.r*r.r;else if("funnelarea"===i.type){var c,u;i.aspectratio>1?(c=r.r,u=c/i.aspectratio):(u=r.r,c=u*i.aspectratio),c*=(1+i.baseratio)/2,l=c*u}o=Math.min(o,l/r.vTotal)}for(n=0;n<t.length;n++)if(r=t[n][0],(i=r.trace).scalegroup===s){var f=o*r.vTotal;"funnelarea"===i.type&&(f/=(1+i.baseratio)/2,f/=i.aspectratio),r.r=Math.sqrt(f)}}}(t,r)}function z(t,e){return[t*Math.sin(e),-t*Math.cos(e)]}function D(t,e,r){var n=t._fullLayout,i=r.trace,a=i.texttemplate,o=i.textinfo;if(!a&&o&&"none"!==o){var s,c=o.split("+"),u=function(t){return-1!==c.indexOf(t)},f=u("label"),h=u("text"),p=u("value"),d=u("percent"),m=n.separators;if(s=f?[e.label]:[],h){var v=g.getFirstFilled(i.text,e.pts);y(v)&&s.push(v)}p&&s.push(g.formatPieValue(e.v,m)),d&&s.push(g.formatPiePercent(e.v/r.vTotal,m)),e.text=s.join("<br>")}if(a){var x=l.castOption(i,e.i,"texttemplate");if(x){var b=function(t){return{label:t.label,value:t.v,valueLabel:g.formatPieValue(t.v,n.separators),percent:t.v/r.vTotal,percentLabel:g.formatPiePercent(t.v/r.vTotal,n.separators),color:t.color,text:t.text,customdata:l.castOption(i,t.i,"customdata")}}(e),_=g.getFirstFilled(i.text,e.pts);(y(_)||""===_)&&(b.text=_),e.text=l.texttemplateString(x,b,t._fullLayout._d3locale,b,i._meta||{})}else e.text=""}}function R(t,e){var r=t.rotate*Math.PI/180,n=Math.cos(r),i=Math.sin(r),a=(e.left+e.right)/2,o=(e.top+e.bottom)/2;t.textX=a*n-o*i,t.textY=a*i+o*n,t.noCenter=!0}e.exports={plot:function(t,e){var r=t._context.staticPlot,a=t._fullLayout,h=a._size;d("pie",a),_(e,t),O(e,h);var m=l.makeTraceGroups(a._pielayer,e,"trace").each((function(e){var d=n.select(this),m=e[0],v=m.trace;!function(t){var e,r,n,i=t[0],a=i.r,o=i.trace,s=g.getRotationAngle(o.rotation),l=2*Math.PI/i.vTotal,c="px0",u="px1";if("counterclockwise"===o.direction){for(e=0;e<t.length&&t[e].hidden;e++);if(e===t.length)return;s+=l*t[e].v,l*=-1,c="px1",u="px0"}for(n=z(a,s),e=0;e<t.length;e++)(r=t[e]).hidden||(r[c]=n,r.startangle=s,s+=l*r.v/2,r.pxmid=z(a,s),r.midangle=s,s+=l*r.v/2,n=z(a,s),r.stopangle=s,r[u]=n,r.largeArc=r.v>i.vTotal/2?1:0,r.halfangle=Math.PI*Math.min(r.v/i.vTotal,.5),r.ring=1-o.hole,r.rInscribed=E(r,i))}(e),d.attr("stroke-linejoin","round"),d.each((function(){var y=n.select(this).selectAll("g.slice").data(e);y.enter().append("g").classed("slice",!0),y.exit().remove();var _=[[[],[]],[[],[]]],T=!1;y.each((function(i,o){if(i.hidden)n.select(this).selectAll("path,g").remove();else{i.pointNumber=i.i,i.curveNumber=v.index,_[i.pxmid[1]<0?0:1][i.pxmid[0]<0?0:1].push(i);var c=m.cx,u=m.cy,h=n.select(this),d=h.selectAll("path.surface").data([i]);if(d.enter().append("path").classed("surface",!0).style({"pointer-events":r?"none":"all"}),h.call(x,t,e),v.pull){var y=+g.castOption(v.pull,i.pts)||0;y>0&&(c+=y*i.pxmid[0],u+=y*i.pxmid[1])}i.cxFinal=c,i.cyFinal=u;var k=v.hole;if(i.v===m.vTotal){var A="M"+(c+i.px0[0])+","+(u+i.px0[1])+P(i.px0,i.pxmid,!0,1)+P(i.pxmid,i.px0,!0,1)+"Z";k?d.attr("d","M"+(c+k*i.px0[0])+","+(u+k*i.px0[1])+P(i.px0,i.pxmid,!1,k)+P(i.pxmid,i.px0,!1,k)+"Z"+A):d.attr("d",A)}else{var M=P(i.px0,i.px1,!0,1);if(k){var S=1-k;d.attr("d","M"+(c+k*i.px1[0])+","+(u+k*i.px1[1])+P(i.px1,i.px0,!1,k)+"l"+S*i.px0[0]+","+S*i.px0[1]+M+"Z")}else d.attr("d","M"+c+","+u+"l"+i.px0[0]+","+i.px0[1]+M+"Z")}D(t,i,m);var E=g.castOption(v.textposition,i.pts),C=h.selectAll("g.slicetext").data(i.text&&"none"!==E?[0]:[]);C.enter().append("g").classed("slicetext",!0),C.exit().remove(),C.each((function(){var r=l.ensureSingle(n.select(this),"text","",(function(t){t.attr("data-notex",1)})),h=l.ensureUniformFontSize(t,"outside"===E?function(t,e,r){var n=g.castOption(t.outsidetextfont.color,e.pts)||g.castOption(t.textfont.color,e.pts)||r.color,i=g.castOption(t.outsidetextfont.family,e.pts)||g.castOption(t.textfont.family,e.pts)||r.family,a=g.castOption(t.outsidetextfont.size,e.pts)||g.castOption(t.textfont.size,e.pts)||r.size;return{color:n,family:i,size:a}}(v,i,a.font):b(v,i,a.font));r.text(i.text).attr({class:"slicetext",transform:"","text-anchor":"middle"}).call(s.font,h).call(f.convertToTspans,t);var d,y=s.bBox(r.node());if("outside"===E)d=L(y,i);else if(d=w(y,i,m),"auto"===E&&d.scale<1){var x=l.ensureUniformFontSize(t,v.outsidetextfont);r.call(s.font,x),d=L(y=s.bBox(r.node()),i)}var _=d.textPosAngle,k=void 0===_?i.pxmid:z(m.r,_);if(d.targetX=c+k[0]*d.rCenter+(d.x||0),d.targetY=u+k[1]*d.rCenter+(d.y||0),R(d,y),d.outside){var A=d.targetY;i.yLabelMin=A-y.height/2,i.yLabelMid=A,i.yLabelMax=A+y.height/2,i.labelExtraX=0,i.labelExtraY=0,T=!0}d.fontSize=h.size,p(v.type,d,a),e[o].transform=d,l.setTransormAndDisplay(r,d)}))}function P(t,e,r,n){var a=n*(e[0]-t[0]),o=n*(e[1]-t[1]);return"a"+n*m.r+","+n*m.r+" 0 "+i.largeArc+(r?" 1 ":" 0 ")+a+","+o}}));var k=n.select(this).selectAll("g.titletext").data(v.title.text?[0]:[]);if(k.enter().append("g").classed("titletext",!0),k.exit().remove(),k.each((function(){var e,r=l.ensureSingle(n.select(this),"text","",(function(t){t.attr("data-notex",1)})),i=v.title.text;v._meta&&(i=l.templateString(i,v._meta)),r.text(i).attr({class:"titletext",transform:"","text-anchor":"middle"}).call(s.font,v.title.font).call(f.convertToTspans,t),e="middle 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i,c,u,h,p=r.labelExtraY+(n?r.yLabelMax:r.yLabelMin),d=n?t.yLabelMin:t.yLabelMax,m=n?t.yLabelMax:t.yLabelMin,v=t.cyFinal+o(t.px0[1],t.px1[1]),y=p-d;if(y*l>0&&(t.labelExtraY=y),Array.isArray(e.pull))for(c=0;c<f.length;c++)(u=f[c])===t||(g.castOption(e.pull,t.pts)||0)>=(g.castOption(e.pull,u.pts)||0)||((t.pxmid[1]-u.pxmid[1])*l>0?(y=u.cyFinal+o(u.px0[1],u.px1[1])-d-t.labelExtraY)*l>0&&(t.labelExtraY+=y):(m+t.labelExtraY-v)*l>0&&(i=3*s*Math.abs(c-f.indexOf(t)),(h=u.cxFinal+a(u.px0[0],u.px1[0])+i-(t.cxFinal+t.pxmid[0])-t.labelExtraX)*s>0&&(t.labelExtraX+=h)))}for(n=0;n<2;n++)for(i=n?m:v,o=n?Math.max:Math.min,l=n?1:-1,r=0;r<2;r++){for(a=r?Math.max:Math.min,s=r?1:-1,(c=t[n][r]).sort(i),u=t[1-n][r],f=u.concat(c),p=[],h=0;h<c.length;h++)void 0!==c[h].yLabelMid&&p.push(c[h]);for(d=!1,h=0;n&&h<u.length;h++)if(void 0!==u[h].yLabelMid){d=u[h];break}for(h=0;h<p.length;h++){var x=h&&p[h-1];d&&!h&&(x=d),y(p[h],x)}}}(_,v),function(t,e){t.each((function(t){var r=n.select(this);if(t.labelExtraX||t.labelExtraY){var i=r.select("g.slicetext text");t.transform.targetX+=t.labelExtraX,t.transform.targetY+=t.labelExtraY,l.setTransormAndDisplay(i,t.transform);var a=t.cxFinal+t.pxmid[0],s="M"+a+","+(t.cyFinal+t.pxmid[1]),c=(t.yLabelMax-t.yLabelMin)*(t.pxmid[0]<0?-1:1)/4;if(t.labelExtraX){var u=t.labelExtraX*t.pxmid[1]/t.pxmid[0],f=t.yLabelMid+t.labelExtraY-(t.cyFinal+t.pxmid[1]);Math.abs(u)>Math.abs(f)?s+="l"+f*t.pxmid[0]/t.pxmid[1]+","+f+"H"+(a+t.labelExtraX+c):s+="l"+t.labelExtraX+","+u+"v"+(f-u)+"h"+c}else s+="V"+(t.yLabelMid+t.labelExtraY)+"h"+c;l.ensureSingle(r,"path","textline").call(o.stroke,e.outsidetextfont.color).attr({"stroke-width":Math.min(2,e.outsidetextfont.size/8),d:s,fill:"none"})}else r.select("path.textline").remove()}))}(y,v),T&&v.automargin){var A=s.bBox(d.node()),M=v.domain,S=h.w*(M.x[1]-M.x[0]),E=h.h*(M.y[1]-M.y[0]),P=(.5*S-m.r)/h.w,I=(.5*E-m.r)/h.h;i.autoMargin(t,"pie."+v.uid+".automargin",{xl:M.x[0]-P,xr:M.x[1]+P,yb:M.y[0]-I,yt:M.y[1]+I,l:Math.max(m.cx-m.r-A.left,0),r:Math.max(A.right-(m.cx+m.r),0),b:Math.max(A.bottom-(m.cy+m.r),0),t:Math.max(m.cy-m.r-A.top,0),pad:5})}}))}));setTimeout((function(){m.selectAll("tspan").each((function(){var t=n.select(this);t.attr("dy")&&t.attr("dy",t.attr("dy"))}))}),0)},formatSliceLabel:D,transformInsideText:w,determineInsideTextFont:b,positionTitleOutside:C,prerenderTitles:_,layoutAreas:O,attachFxHandlers:x,computeTransform:R}},{"../../components/color":367,"../../components/drawing":389,"../../components/fx":407,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/svg_text_utils":541,"../../plots/plots":628,"../bar/constants":659,"../bar/uniform_text":673,"./event_data":914,"./helpers":915,"@plotly/d3":58}],920:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("./style_one"),a=t("../bar/uniform_text").resizeText;e.exports=function(t){var e=t._fullLayout._pielayer.selectAll(".trace");a(t,e,"pie"),e.each((function(t){var e=t[0].trace,r=n.select(this);r.style({opacity:e.opacity}),r.selectAll("path.surface").each((function(t){n.select(this).call(i,t,e)}))}))}},{"../bar/uniform_text":673,"./style_one":921,"@plotly/d3":58}],921:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../components/color"),i=t("./helpers").castOption;e.exports=function(t,e,r){var a=r.marker.line,o=i(a.color,e.pts)||n.defaultLine,s=i(a.width,e.pts)||0;t.style("stroke-width",s).call(n.fill,e.color).call(n.stroke,o)}},{"../../components/color":367,"./helpers":915}],922:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../scatter/attributes");e.exports={x:n.x,y:n.y,xy:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},indices:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},xbounds:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},ybounds:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},text:n.text,marker:{color:{valType:"color",arrayOk:!1,editType:"calc"},opacity:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1,arrayOk:!1,editType:"calc"},blend:{valType:"boolean",dflt:null,editType:"calc"},sizemin:{valType:"number",min:.1,max:2,dflt:.5,editType:"calc"},sizemax:{valType:"number",min:.1,dflt:20,editType:"calc"},border:{color:{valType:"color",arrayOk:!1,editType:"calc"},arearatio:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:0,editType:"calc"},editType:"calc"},editType:"calc"},transforms:void 0}},{"../scatter/attributes":936}],923:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_pointcloud2d,i=t("../../lib/str2rgbarray"),a=t("../../plots/cartesian/autorange").findExtremes,o=t("../scatter/get_trace_color");function s(t,e){this.scene=t,this.uid=e,this.type="pointcloud",this.pickXData=[],this.pickYData=[],this.xData=[],this.yData=[],this.textLabels=[],this.color="rgb(0, 0, 0)",this.name="",this.hoverinfo="all",this.idToIndex=new Int32Array(0),this.bounds=[0,0,0,0],this.pointcloudOptions={positions:new Float32Array(0),idToIndex:this.idToIndex,sizemin:.5,sizemax:12,color:[0,0,0,1],areaRatio:1,borderColor:[0,0,0,1]},this.pointcloud=n(t.glplot,this.pointcloudOptions),this.pointcloud._trace=this}var l=s.prototype;l.handlePick=function(t){var e=this.idToIndex[t.pointId];return{trace:this,dataCoord:t.dataCoord,traceCoord:this.pickXYData?[this.pickXYData[2*e],this.pickXYData[2*e+1]]:[this.pickXData[e],this.pickYData[e]],textLabel:Array.isArray(this.textLabels)?this.textLabels[e]:this.textLabels,color:this.color,name:this.name,pointIndex:e,hoverinfo:this.hoverinfo}},l.update=function(t){this.index=t.index,this.textLabels=t.text,this.name=t.name,this.hoverinfo=t.hoverinfo,this.bounds=[1/0,1/0,-1/0,-1/0],this.updateFast(t),this.color=o(t,{})},l.updateFast=function(t){var e,r,n,o,s,l,c=this.xData=this.pickXData=t.x,u=this.yData=this.pickYData=t.y,f=this.pickXYData=t.xy,h=t.xbounds&&t.ybounds,p=t.indices,d=this.bounds;if(f){if(n=f,e=f.length>>>1,h)d[0]=t.xbounds[0],d[2]=t.xbounds[1],d[1]=t.ybounds[0],d[3]=t.ybounds[1];else for(l=0;l<e;l++)o=n[2*l],s=n[2*l+1],o<d[0]&&(d[0]=o),o>d[2]&&(d[2]=o),s<d[1]&&(d[1]=s),s>d[3]&&(d[3]=s);if(p)r=p;else for(r=new Int32Array(e),l=0;l<e;l++)r[l]=l}else for(e=c.length,n=new Float32Array(2*e),r=new Int32Array(e),l=0;l<e;l++)o=c[l],s=u[l],r[l]=l,n[2*l]=o,n[2*l+1]=s,o<d[0]&&(d[0]=o),o>d[2]&&(d[2]=o),s<d[1]&&(d[1]=s),s>d[3]&&(d[3]=s);this.idToIndex=r,this.pointcloudOptions.idToIndex=r,this.pointcloudOptions.positions=n;var m=i(t.marker.color),g=i(t.marker.border.color),v=t.opacity*t.marker.opacity;m[3]*=v,this.pointcloudOptions.color=m;var y=t.marker.blend;if(null===y){y=c.length<100||u.length<100}this.pointcloudOptions.blend=y,g[3]*=v,this.pointcloudOptions.borderColor=g;var x=t.marker.sizemin,b=Math.max(t.marker.sizemax,t.marker.sizemin);this.pointcloudOptions.sizeMin=x,this.pointcloudOptions.sizeMax=b,this.pointcloudOptions.areaRatio=t.marker.border.arearatio,this.pointcloud.update(this.pointcloudOptions);var _=this.scene.xaxis,w=this.scene.yaxis,T=b/2||.5;t._extremes[_._id]=a(_,[d[0],d[2]],{ppad:T}),t._extremes[w._id]=a(w,[d[1],d[3]],{ppad:T})},l.dispose=function(){this.pointcloud.dispose()},e.exports=function(t,e){var r=new s(t,e.uid);return r.update(e),r}},{"../../../stackgl_modules":1133,"../../lib/str2rgbarray":540,"../../plots/cartesian/autorange":565,"../scatter/get_trace_color":946}],924:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib"),i=t("./attributes");e.exports=function(t,e,r){function a(r,a){return n.coerce(t,e,i,r,a)}a("x"),a("y"),a("xbounds"),a("ybounds"),t.xy&&t.xy instanceof Float32Array&&(e.xy=t.xy),t.indices&&t.indices instanceof Int32Array&&(e.indices=t.indices),a("text"),a("marker.color",r),a("marker.opacity"),a("marker.blend"),a("marker.sizemin"),a("marker.sizemax"),a("marker.border.color",r),a("marker.border.arearatio"),e._length=null}},{"../../lib":515,"./attributes":922}],925:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";["*pointcloud* trace is deprecated!","Please consider switching to the *scattergl* trace type."].join(" ");e.exports={attributes:t("./attributes"),supplyDefaults:t("./defaults"),calc:t("../scatter3d/calc"),plot:t("./convert"),moduleType:"trace",name:"pointcloud",basePlotModule:t("../../plots/gl2d"),categories:["gl","gl2d","showLegend"],meta:{}}},{"../../plots/gl2d":605,"../scatter3d/calc":965,"./attributes":922,"./convert":923,"./defaults":924}],926:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../plots/font_attributes"),i=t("../../plots/attributes"),a=t("../../components/color/attributes"),o=t("../../components/fx/attributes"),s=t("../../plots/domain").attributes,l=t("../../plots/template_attributes").hovertemplateAttrs,c=t("../../components/colorscale/attributes"),u=t("../../plot_api/plot_template").templatedArray,f=t("../../plots/cartesian/axis_format_attributes").descriptionOnlyNumbers,h=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat,p=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll;(e.exports=p({hoverinfo:h({},i.hoverinfo,{flags:[],arrayOk:!1}),hoverlabel:o.hoverlabel,domain:s({name:"sankey",trace:!0}),orientation:{valType:"enumerated",values:["v","h"],dflt:"h"},valueformat:{valType:"string",dflt:".3s",description:f("value")},valuesuffix:{valType:"string",dflt:""},arrangement:{valType:"enumerated",values:["snap","perpendicular","freeform","fixed"],dflt:"snap"},textfont:n({}),customdata:void 0,node:{label:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},groups:{valType:"info_array",impliedEdits:{x:[],y:[]},dimensions:2,freeLength:!0,dflt:[],items:{valType:"number",editType:"calc"}},x:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},y:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},color:{valType:"color",arrayOk:!0},customdata:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},line:{color:{valType:"color",dflt:a.defaultLine,arrayOk:!0},width:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:.5,arrayOk:!0}},pad:{valType:"number",arrayOk:!1,min:0,dflt:20},thickness:{valType:"number",arrayOk:!1,min:1,dflt:20},hoverinfo:{valType:"enumerated",values:["all","none","skip"],dflt:"all"},hoverlabel:o.hoverlabel,hovertemplate:l({},{keys:["value","label"]})},link:{arrowlen:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:0},label:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},color:{valType:"color",arrayOk:!0},customdata:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},line:{color:{valType:"color",dflt:a.defaultLine,arrayOk:!0},width:{valType:"number",min:0,dflt:0,arrayOk:!0}},source:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},target:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},value:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},hoverinfo:{valType:"enumerated",values:["all","none","skip"],dflt:"all"},hoverlabel:o.hoverlabel,hovertemplate:l({},{keys:["value","label"]}),colorscales:u("concentrationscales",{editType:"calc",label:{valType:"string",editType:"calc",dflt:""},cmax:{valType:"number",editType:"calc",dflt:1},cmin:{valType:"number",editType:"calc",dflt:0},colorscale:h(c().colorscale,{dflt:[[0,"white"],[1,"black"]]})})}},"calc","nested")).transforms=void 0},{"../../components/color/attributes":366,"../../components/colorscale/attributes":374,"../../components/fx/attributes":398,"../../lib/extend":505,"../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../../plot_api/plot_template":555,"../../plots/attributes":562,"../../plots/cartesian/axis_format_attributes":569,"../../plots/domain":593,"../../plots/font_attributes":594,"../../plots/template_attributes":642}],927:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll,i=t("../../plots/get_data").getModuleCalcData,a=t("./plot"),o=t("../../components/fx/layout_attributes"),s=t("../../lib/setcursor"),l=t("../../components/dragelement"),c=t("../../components/selections").prepSelect,u=t("../../lib"),f=t("../../registry");function h(t,e){var r=t._fullData[e],n=t._fullLayout,i=n.dragmode,a="pan"===n.dragmode?"move":"crosshair",o=r._bgRect;if(o&&"pan"!==i&&"zoom"!==i){s(o,a);var h={_id:"x",c2p:u.identity,_offset:r._sankey.translateX,_length:r._sankey.width},p={_id:"y",c2p:u.identity,_offset:r._sankey.translateY,_length:r._sankey.height},d={gd:t,element:o.node(),plotinfo:{id:e,xaxis:h,yaxis:p,fillRangeItems:u.noop},subplot:e,xaxes:[h],yaxes:[p],doneFnCompleted:function(r){var n,i=t._fullData[e],a=i.node.groups.slice(),o=[];function s(t){for(var e=i._sankey.graph.nodes,r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(e[r].pointNumber===t)return e[r]}for(var l=0;l<r.length;l++){var c=s(r[l].pointNumber);if(c)if(c.group){for(var u=0;u<c.childrenNodes.length;u++)o.push(c.childrenNodes[u].pointNumber);a[c.pointNumber-i.node._count]=!1}else o.push(c.pointNumber)}n=a.filter(Boolean).concat([o]),f.call("_guiRestyle",t,{"node.groups":[n]},e)},prepFn:function(t,e,r){c(t,e,r,d,i)}};l.init(d)}}r.name="sankey",r.baseLayoutAttrOverrides=n({hoverlabel:o.hoverlabel},"plot","nested"),r.plot=function(t){var e=i(t.calcdata,"sankey")[0];a(t,e),r.updateFx(t)},r.clean=function(t,e,r,n){var i=n._has&&n._has("sankey"),a=e._has&&e._has("sankey");i&&!a&&(n._paperdiv.selectAll(".sankey").remove(),n._paperdiv.selectAll(".bgsankey").remove())},r.updateFx=function(t){for(var e=0;e<t._fullData.length;e++)h(t,e)}},{"../../components/dragelement":386,"../../components/fx/layout_attributes":408,"../../components/selections":455,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/setcursor":536,"../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../../plots/get_data":602,"../../registry":647,"./plot":932}],928:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("strongly-connected-components"),i=t("../../lib"),a=t("../../lib/gup").wrap,o=i.isArrayOrTypedArray,s=i.isIndex,l=t("../../components/colorscale");function c(t){var e,r=t.node,a=t.link,c=[],u=o(a.color),f=o(a.customdata),h={},p={},d=a.colorscales.length;for(e=0;e<d;e++){var m=a.colorscales[e],g=l.extractScale(m,{cLetter:"c"}),v=l.makeColorScaleFunc(g);p[m.label]=v}var y=0;for(e=0;e<a.value.length;e++)a.source[e]>y&&(y=a.source[e]),a.target[e]>y&&(y=a.target[e]);var x,b=y+1;t.node._count=b;var _=t.node.groups,w={};for(e=0;e<_.length;e++){var T=_[e];for(x=0;x<T.length;x++){var k=T[x],A=b+e;w.hasOwnProperty(k)?i.warn("Node "+k+" is already part of a group."):w[k]=A}}var M={source:[],target:[]};for(e=0;e<a.value.length;e++){var S=a.value[e],E=a.source[e],L=a.target[e];if(S>0&&s(E,b)&&s(L,b)&&(!w.hasOwnProperty(E)||!w.hasOwnProperty(L)||w[E]!==w[L])){w.hasOwnProperty(L)&&(L=w[L]),w.hasOwnProperty(E)&&(E=w[E]),L=+L,h[E=+E]=h[L]=!0;var C="";a.label&&a.label[e]&&(C=a.label[e]);var P=null;C&&p.hasOwnProperty(C)&&(P=p[C]),c.push({pointNumber:e,label:C,color:u?a.color[e]:a.color,customdata:f?a.customdata[e]:a.customdata,concentrationscale:P,source:E,target:L,value:+S}),M.source.push(E),M.target.push(L)}}var I=b+_.length,O=o(r.color),z=o(r.customdata),D=[];for(e=0;e<I;e++)if(h[e]){var R=r.label[e];D.push({group:e>b-1,childrenNodes:[],pointNumber:e,label:R,color:O?r.color[e]:r.color,customdata:z?r.customdata[e]:r.customdata})}var F=!1;return function(t,e,r){for(var a=i.init2dArray(t,0),o=0;o<Math.min(e.length,r.length);o++)if(i.isIndex(e[o],t)&&i.isIndex(r[o],t)){if(e[o]===r[o])return!0;a[e[o]].push(r[o])}return n(a).components.some((function(t){return t.length>1}))}(I,M.source,M.target)&&(F=!0),{circular:F,links:c,nodes:D,groups:_,groupLookup:w}}e.exports=function(t,e){var r=c(e);return a({circular:r.circular,_nodes:r.nodes,_links:r.links,_groups:r.groups,_groupLookup:r.groupLookup})}},{"../../components/colorscale":379,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/gup":512,"strongly-connected-components":307}],929:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports={nodeTextOffsetHorizontal:4,nodeTextOffsetVertical:3,nodePadAcross:10,sankeyIterations:50,forceIterations:5,forceTicksPerFrame:10,duration:500,ease:"linear",cn:{sankey:"sankey",sankeyLinks:"sankey-links",sankeyLink:"sankey-link",sankeyNodeSet:"sankey-node-set",sankeyNode:"sankey-node",nodeRect:"node-rect",nodeLabel:"node-label"}}},{}],930:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib"),i=t("./attributes"),a=t("../../components/color"),o=t("tinycolor2"),s=t("../../plots/domain").defaults,l=t("../../components/fx/hoverlabel_defaults"),c=t("../../plot_api/plot_template"),u=t("../../plots/array_container_defaults");function f(t,e){function r(r,a){return n.coerce(t,e,i.link.colorscales,r,a)}r("label"),r("cmin"),r("cmax"),r("colorscale")}e.exports=function(t,e,r,h){function p(r,a){return n.coerce(t,e,i,r,a)}var d=n.extendDeep(h.hoverlabel,t.hoverlabel),m=t.node,g=c.newContainer(e,"node");function v(t,e){return n.coerce(m,g,i.node,t,e)}v("label"),v("groups"),v("x"),v("y"),v("pad"),v("thickness"),v("line.color"),v("line.width"),v("hoverinfo",t.hoverinfo),l(m,g,v,d),v("hovertemplate");var y=h.colorway;v("color",g.label.map((function(t,e){return a.addOpacity(function(t){return y[t%y.length]}(e),.8)}))),v("customdata");var x=t.link||{},b=c.newContainer(e,"link");function _(t,e){return n.coerce(x,b,i.link,t,e)}_("label"),_("arrowlen"),_("source"),_("target"),_("value"),_("line.color"),_("line.width"),_("hoverinfo",t.hoverinfo),l(x,b,_,d),_("hovertemplate");var w,T=o(h.paper_bgcolor).getLuminance()<.333?"rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6)":"rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2)";_("color",n.repeat(T,b.value.length)),_("customdata"),u(x,b,{name:"colorscales",handleItemDefaults:f}),s(e,h,p),p("orientation"),p("valueformat"),p("valuesuffix"),g.x.length&&g.y.length&&(w="freeform"),p("arrangement",w),n.coerceFont(p,"textfont",n.extendFlat({},h.font)),e._length=null}},{"../../components/color":367,"../../components/fx/hoverlabel_defaults":405,"../../lib":515,"../../plot_api/plot_template":555,"../../plots/array_container_defaults":561,"../../plots/domain":593,"./attributes":926,tinycolor2:313}],931:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports={attributes:t("./attributes"),supplyDefaults:t("./defaults"),calc:t("./calc"),plot:t("./plot"),moduleType:"trace",name:"sankey",basePlotModule:t("./base_plot"),selectPoints:t("./select.js"),categories:["noOpacity"],meta:{}}},{"./attributes":926,"./base_plot":927,"./calc":928,"./defaults":930,"./plot":932,"./select.js":934}],932:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("../../lib"),a=i.numberFormat,o=t("./render"),s=t("../../components/fx"),l=t("../../components/color"),c=t("./constants").cn,u=i._;function f(t){return""!==t}function h(t,e){return t.filter((function(t){return t.key===e.traceId}))}function p(t,e){n.select(t).select("path").style("fill-opacity",e),n.select(t).select("rect").style("fill-opacity",e)}function d(t){n.select(t).select("text.name").style("fill","black")}function m(t){return function(e){return-1!==t.node.sourceLinks.indexOf(e.link)||-1!==t.node.targetLinks.indexOf(e.link)}}function g(t){return function(e){return-1!==e.node.sourceLinks.indexOf(t.link)||-1!==e.node.targetLinks.indexOf(t.link)}}function v(t,e,r){e&&r&&h(r,e).selectAll("."+c.sankeyLink).filter(m(e)).call(x.bind(0,e,r,!1))}function y(t,e,r){e&&r&&h(r,e).selectAll("."+c.sankeyLink).filter(m(e)).call(b.bind(0,e,r,!1))}function x(t,e,r,n){var i=n.datum().link.label;n.style("fill-opacity",(function(t){if(!t.link.concentrationscale)return.4})),i&&h(e,t).selectAll("."+c.sankeyLink).filter((function(t){return t.link.label===i})).style("fill-opacity",(function(t){if(!t.link.concentrationscale)return.4})),r&&h(e,t).selectAll("."+c.sankeyNode).filter(g(t)).call(v)}function b(t,e,r,n){var i=n.datum().link.label;n.style("fill-opacity",(function(t){return t.tinyColorAlpha})),i&&h(e,t).selectAll("."+c.sankeyLink).filter((function(t){return t.link.label===i})).style("fill-opacity",(function(t){return t.tinyColorAlpha})),r&&h(e,t).selectAll(c.sankeyNode).filter(g(t)).call(y)}function _(t,e){var r=t.hoverlabel||{},n=i.nestedProperty(r,e).get();return!Array.isArray(n)&&n}e.exports=function(t,e){for(var r=t._fullLayout,i=r._paper,h=r._size,m=0;m<t._fullData.length;m++)if(t._fullData[m].visible&&t._fullData[m].type===c.sankey&&!t._fullData[m]._viewInitial){var g=t._fullData[m].node;t._fullData[m]._viewInitial={node:{groups:g.groups.slice(),x:g.x.slice(),y:g.y.slice()}}}var w=u(t,"source:")+" ",T=u(t,"target:")+" ",k=u(t,"concentration:")+" ",A=u(t,"incoming flow count:")+" ",M=u(t,"outgoing flow count:")+" ";o(t,i,e,{width:h.w,height:h.h,margin:{t:h.t,r:h.r,b:h.b,l:h.l}},{linkEvents:{hover:function(e,r,i){!1!==t._fullLayout.hovermode&&(n.select(e).call(x.bind(0,r,i,!0)),"skip"!==r.link.trace.link.hoverinfo&&(r.link.fullData=r.link.trace,t.emit("plotly_hover",{event:n.event,points:[r.link]})))},follow:function(e,i){if(!1!==t._fullLayout.hovermode){var o=i.link.trace.link;if("none"!==o.hoverinfo&&"skip"!==o.hoverinfo){for(var c=[],u=0,h=0;h<i.flow.links.length;h++){var m=i.flow.links[h];if("closest"!==t._fullLayout.hovermode||i.link.pointNumber===m.pointNumber){i.link.pointNumber===m.pointNumber&&(u=h),m.fullData=m.trace,o=i.link.trace.link;var g=y(m),v={valueLabel:a(i.valueFormat)(m.value)+i.valueSuffix};c.push({x:g[0],y:g[1],name:v.valueLabel,text:[m.label||"",w+m.source.label,T+m.target.label,m.concentrationscale?k+a("%0.2f")(m.flow.labelConcentration):""].filter(f).join("<br>"),color:_(o,"bgcolor")||l.addOpacity(m.color,1),borderColor:_(o,"bordercolor"),fontFamily:_(o,"font.family"),fontSize:_(o,"font.size"),fontColor:_(o,"font.color"),nameLength:_(o,"namelength"),textAlign:_(o,"align"),idealAlign:n.event.x<g[0]?"right":"left",hovertemplate:o.hovertemplate,hovertemplateLabels:v,eventData:[m]})}}s.loneHover(c,{container:r._hoverlayer.node(),outerContainer:r._paper.node(),gd:t,anchorIndex:u}).each((function(){i.link.concentrationscale||p(this,.65),d(this)}))}}function y(t){var e,r;t.circular?(e=(t.circularPathData.leftInnerExtent+t.circularPathData.rightInnerExtent)/2,r=t.circularPathData.verticalFullExtent):(e=(t.source.x1+t.target.x0)/2,r=(t.y0+t.y1)/2);var n=[e,r];return"v"===t.trace.orientation&&n.reverse(),n[0]+=i.parent.translateX,n[1]+=i.parent.translateY,n}},unhover:function(e,i,a){!1!==t._fullLayout.hovermode&&(n.select(e).call(b.bind(0,i,a,!0)),"skip"!==i.link.trace.link.hoverinfo&&(i.link.fullData=i.link.trace,t.emit("plotly_unhover",{event:n.event,points:[i.link]})),s.loneUnhover(r._hoverlayer.node()))},select:function(e,r){var i=r.link;i.originalEvent=n.event,t._hoverdata=[i],s.click(t,{target:!0})}},nodeEvents:{hover:function(e,r,i){!1!==t._fullLayout.hovermode&&(n.select(e).call(v,r,i),"skip"!==r.node.trace.node.hoverinfo&&(r.node.fullData=r.node.trace,t.emit("plotly_hover",{event:n.event,points:[r.node]})))},follow:function(e,i){if(!1!==t._fullLayout.hovermode){var o=i.node.trace.node;if("none"!==o.hoverinfo&&"skip"!==o.hoverinfo){var l=n.select(e).select("."+c.nodeRect),u=t._fullLayout._paperdiv.node().getBoundingClientRect(),h=l.node().getBoundingClientRect(),m=h.left-2-u.left,g=h.right+2-u.left,v=h.top+h.height/4-u.top,y={valueLabel:a(i.valueFormat)(i.node.value)+i.valueSuffix};i.node.fullData=i.node.trace,t._fullLayout._calcInverseTransform(t);var x=t._fullLayout._invScaleX,b=t._fullLayout._invScaleY,w=s.loneHover({x0:x*m,x1:x*g,y:b*v,name:a(i.valueFormat)(i.node.value)+i.valueSuffix,text:[i.node.label,A+i.node.targetLinks.length,M+i.node.sourceLinks.length].filter(f).join("<br>"),color:_(o,"bgcolor")||i.tinyColorHue,borderColor:_(o,"bordercolor"),fontFamily:_(o,"font.family"),fontSize:_(o,"font.size"),fontColor:_(o,"font.color"),nameLength:_(o,"namelength"),textAlign:_(o,"align"),idealAlign:"left",hovertemplate:o.hovertemplate,hovertemplateLabels:y,eventData:[i.node]},{container:r._hoverlayer.node(),outerContainer:r._paper.node(),gd:t});p(w,.85),d(w)}}},unhover:function(e,i,a){!1!==t._fullLayout.hovermode&&(n.select(e).call(y,i,a),"skip"!==i.node.trace.node.hoverinfo&&(i.node.fullData=i.node.trace,t.emit("plotly_unhover",{event:n.event,points:[i.node]})),s.loneUnhover(r._hoverlayer.node()))},select:function(e,r,i){var a=r.node;a.originalEvent=n.event,t._hoverdata=[a],n.select(e).call(y,r,i),s.click(t,{target:!0})}}})}},{"../../components/color":367,"../../components/fx":407,"../../lib":515,"./constants":929,"./render":933,"@plotly/d3":58}],933:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("d3-force"),i=t("d3-interpolate").interpolateNumber,a=t("@plotly/d3"),o=t("@plotly/d3-sankey"),s=t("@plotly/d3-sankey-circular"),l=t("./constants"),c=t("tinycolor2"),u=t("../../components/color"),f=t("../../components/drawing"),h=t("../../lib"),p=h.strTranslate,d=h.strRotate,m=t("../../lib/gup"),g=m.keyFun,v=m.repeat,y=m.unwrap,x=t("../../lib/svg_text_utils"),b=t("../../registry"),_=t("../../constants/alignment"),w=_.CAP_SHIFT,T=_.LINE_SPACING;function k(t,e,r){var n,i=y(e),a=i.trace,u=a.domain,f="h"===a.orientation,p=a.node.pad,d=a.node.thickness,m=t.width*(u.x[1]-u.x[0]),g=t.height*(u.y[1]-u.y[0]),v=i._nodes,x=i._links,b=i.circular;(n=b?s.sankeyCircular().circularLinkGap(0):o.sankey()).iterations(l.sankeyIterations).size(f?[m,g]:[g,m]).nodeWidth(d).nodePadding(p).nodeId((function(t){return t.pointNumber})).nodes(v).links(x);var _,w,T,k=n();for(var A in n.nodePadding()<p&&h.warn("node.pad was reduced to ",n.nodePadding()," to fit within the figure."),i._groupLookup){var M,S=parseInt(i._groupLookup[A]);for(_=0;_<k.nodes.length;_++)if(k.nodes[_].pointNumber===S){M=k.nodes[_];break}if(M){var E={pointNumber:parseInt(A),x0:M.x0,x1:M.x1,y0:M.y0,y1:M.y1,partOfGroup:!0,sourceLinks:[],targetLinks:[]};k.nodes.unshift(E),M.childrenNodes.unshift(E)}}if(function(){for(_=0;_<k.nodes.length;_++){var t,e,r=k.nodes[_],n={};for(w=0;w<r.targetLinks.length;w++)t=(e=r.targetLinks[w]).source.pointNumber+":"+e.target.pointNumber,n.hasOwnProperty(t)||(n[t]=[]),n[t].push(e);var i=Object.keys(n);for(w=0;w<i.length;w++){var a=n[t=i[w]],o=0,s={};for(T=0;T<a.length;T++)s[(e=a[T]).label]||(s[e.label]=0),s[e.label]+=e.value,o+=e.value;for(T=0;T<a.length;T++)(e=a[T]).flow={value:o,labelConcentration:s[e.label]/o,concentration:e.value/o,links:a},e.concentrationscale&&(e.color=c(e.concentrationscale(e.flow.labelConcentration)))}var l=0;for(w=0;w<r.sourceLinks.length;w++)l+=r.sourceLinks[w].value;for(w=0;w<r.sourceLinks.length;w++)(e=r.sourceLinks[w]).concentrationOut=e.value/l;var u=0;for(w=0;w<r.targetLinks.length;w++)u+=r.targetLinks[w].value;for(w=0;w<r.targetLinks.length;w++)(e=r.targetLinks[w]).concenrationIn=e.value/u}}(),a.node.x.length&&a.node.y.length){for(_=0;_<Math.min(a.node.x.length,a.node.y.length,k.nodes.length);_++)if(a.node.x[_]&&a.node.y[_]){var L=[a.node.x[_]*m,a.node.y[_]*g];k.nodes[_].x0=L[0]-d/2,k.nodes[_].x1=L[0]+d/2;var C=k.nodes[_].y1-k.nodes[_].y0;k.nodes[_].y0=L[1]-C/2,k.nodes[_].y1=L[1]+C/2}if("snap"===a.arrangement)!function(t){t.forEach((function(t){var e,r,n,i=0,a=t.length;for(t.sort((function(t,e){return t.y0-e.y0})),n=0;n<a;++n)(e=t[n]).y0>=i||(r=i-e.y0)>1e-6&&(e.y0+=r,e.y1+=r),i=e.y1+p}))}(function(t){var e,r,n=t.map((function(t,e){return{x0:t.x0,index:e}})).sort((function(t,e){return t.x0-e.x0})),i=[],a=-1,o=-1/0;for(_=0;_<n.length;_++){var s=t[n[_].index];s.x0>o+d&&(a+=1,e=s.x0),o=s.x0,i[a]||(i[a]=[]),i[a].push(s),r=e-s.x0,s.x0+=r,s.x1+=r}return i}(v=k.nodes));n.update(k)}return{circular:b,key:r,trace:a,guid:h.randstr(),horizontal:f,width:m,height:g,nodePad:a.node.pad,nodeLineColor:a.node.line.color,nodeLineWidth:a.node.line.width,linkLineColor:a.link.line.color,linkLineWidth:a.link.line.width,linkArrowLength:a.link.arrowlen,valueFormat:a.valueformat,valueSuffix:a.valuesuffix,textFont:a.textfont,translateX:u.x[0]*t.width+t.margin.l,translateY:t.height-u.y[1]*t.height+t.margin.t,dragParallel:f?g:m,dragPerpendicular:f?m:g,arrangement:a.arrangement,sankey:n,graph:k,forceLayouts:{},interactionState:{dragInProgress:!1,hovered:!1}}}function A(t,e,r){var n=c(e.color),i=e.source.label+"|"+e.target.label+"__"+r;return e.trace=t.trace,e.curveNumber=t.trace.index,{circular:t.circular,key:i,traceId:t.key,pointNumber:e.pointNumber,link:e,tinyColorHue:u.tinyRGB(n),tinyColorAlpha:n.getAlpha(),linkPath:M,linkLineColor:t.linkLineColor,linkLineWidth:t.linkLineWidth,linkArrowLength:t.linkArrowLength,valueFormat:t.valueFormat,valueSuffix:t.valueSuffix,sankey:t.sankey,parent:t,interactionState:t.interactionState,flow:e.flow}}function M(){return function(t){var e=t.linkArrowLength;if(t.link.circular)return function(t,e){var r=t.width/2,n=t.circularPathData;return"top"===t.circularLinkType?"M "+(n.targetX-e)+" "+(n.targetY+r)+" L"+(n.rightInnerExtent-e)+" "+(n.targetY+r)+"A"+(n.rightLargeArcRadius+r)+" "+(n.rightSmallArcRadius+r)+" 0 0 1 "+(n.rightFullExtent-r-e)+" "+(n.targetY-n.rightSmallArcRadius)+"L"+(n.rightFullExtent-r-e)+" "+n.verticalRightInnerExtent+"A"+(n.rightLargeArcRadius+r)+" "+(n.rightLargeArcRadius+r)+" 0 0 1 "+(n.rightInnerExtent-e)+" "+(n.verticalFullExtent-r)+"L"+n.leftInnerExtent+" 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n=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_line3d,i=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_scatter3d,a=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_error3d,o=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_mesh3d,s=t("../../../stackgl_modules").delaunay_triangulate,l=t("../../lib"),c=t("../../lib/str2rgbarray"),u=t("../../lib/gl_format_color").formatColor,f=t("../scatter/make_bubble_size_func"),h=t("../../constants/gl3d_dashes"),p=t("../../constants/gl3d_markers"),d=t("../../plots/cartesian/axes"),m=t("../../components/fx/helpers").appendArrayPointValue,g=t("./calc_errors");function v(t,e){this.scene=t,this.uid=e,this.linePlot=null,this.scatterPlot=null,this.errorBars=null,this.textMarkers=null,this.delaunayMesh=null,this.color=null,this.mode="",this.dataPoints=[],this.axesBounds=[[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],[1/0,1/0,1/0]],this.textLabels=null,this.data=null}var y=v.prototype;function x(t){return null==t?0:t.indexOf("left")>-1?-1:t.indexOf("right")>-1?1:0}function b(t){return 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W=e.projection[Y[o]];(a.project[o]=W.show)&&(a.projectOpacity[o]=W.opacity,a.projectScale[o]=W.scale)}a.errorBounds=g(e,v,p);var Z=function(t){for(var e=[0,0,0],r=[[0,0,0],[0,0,0],[0,0,0]],n=[1,1,1],i=0;i<3;i++){var a=t[i];a&&!1!==a.copy_zstyle&&!1!==t[2].visible&&(a=t[2]),a&&a.visible&&(e[i]=a.width/2,r[i]=c(a.color),n[i]=a.thickness)}return{capSize:e,color:r,lineWidth:n}}([e.error_x,e.error_y,e.error_z]);return a.errorColor=Z.color,a.errorLineWidth=Z.lineWidth,a.errorCapSize=Z.capSize,a.delaunayAxis=e.surfaceaxis,a.delaunayColor=c(e.surfacecolor),a}function A(t){if(l.isArrayOrTypedArray(t)){var e=t[0];return l.isArrayOrTypedArray(e)&&(t=e),"rgb("+t.slice(0,3).map((function(t){return Math.round(255*t)}))+")"}return null}function M(t){return l.isArrayOrTypedArray(t)?4===t.length&&"number"==typeof t[0]?A(t):t.map(A):null}y.handlePick=function(t){if(t.object&&(t.object===this.linePlot||t.object===this.delaunayMesh||t.object===this.textMarkers||t.object===this.scatterPlot)){var e=t.index=t.data.index;return t.object.highlight&&t.object.highlight(null),this.scatterPlot&&(t.object=this.scatterPlot,this.scatterPlot.highlight(t.data)),t.textLabel="",this.textLabels&&(Array.isArray(this.textLabels)?(this.textLabels[e]||0===this.textLabels[e])&&(t.textLabel=this.textLabels[e]):t.textLabel=this.textLabels),t.traceCoordinate=[this.data.x[e],this.data.y[e],this.data.z[e]],!0}},y.update=function(t){var e,r,l,c,u=this.scene.glplot.gl,f=h.solid;this.data=t;var p=k(this.scene,t);"mode"in p&&(this.mode=p.mode),"lineDashes"in p&&p.lineDashes in 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d=t.opacity;if(t.marker&&t.marker.opacity&&(d*=t.marker.opacity),r={gl:this.scene.glplot.gl,position:p.position,color:p.scatterColor,size:p.scatterSize,glyph:p.scatterMarker,opacity:d,orthographic:!0,lineWidth:p.scatterLineWidth,lineColor:p.scatterLineColor,project:p.project,projectScale:p.projectScale,projectOpacity:p.projectOpacity},-1!==this.mode.indexOf("markers")?this.scatterPlot?this.scatterPlot.update(r):(this.scatterPlot=i(r),this.scatterPlot._trace=this,this.scatterPlot.highlightScale=1,this.scene.glplot.add(this.scatterPlot)):this.scatterPlot&&(this.scene.glplot.remove(this.scatterPlot),this.scatterPlot.dispose(),this.scatterPlot=null),c={gl:this.scene.glplot.gl,position:p.position,glyph:p.text,color:p.textColor,size:p.textSize,angle:p.textAngle,alignment:p.textOffset,font:p.textFont,orthographic:!0,lineWidth:0,project:!1,opacity:t.opacity},this.textLabels=t.hovertext||t.text,-1!==this.mode.indexOf("text")?this.textMarkers?this.textMarkers.update(c):(this.textMarkers=i(c),this.textMarkers._trace=this,this.textMarkers.highlightScale=1,this.scene.glplot.add(this.textMarkers)):this.textMarkers&&(this.scene.glplot.remove(this.textMarkers),this.textMarkers.dispose(),this.textMarkers=null),l={gl:this.scene.glplot.gl,position:p.position,color:p.errorColor,error:p.errorBounds,lineWidth:p.errorLineWidth,capSize:p.errorCapSize,opacity:t.opacity},this.errorBars?p.errorBounds?this.errorBars.update(l):(this.scene.glplot.remove(this.errorBars),this.errorBars.dispose(),this.errorBars=null):p.errorBounds&&(this.errorBars=a(l),this.errorBars._trace=this,this.scene.glplot.add(this.errorBars)),p.delaunayAxis>=0){var m=function(t,e,r){var n,i=(r+1)%3,a=(r+2)%3,o=[],l=[];for(n=0;n<t.length;++n){var c=t[n];!isNaN(c[i])&&isFinite(c[i])&&!isNaN(c[a])&&isFinite(c[a])&&(o.push([c[i],c[a]]),l.push(n))}var u=s(o);for(n=0;n<u.length;++n)for(var f=u[n],h=0;h<f.length;++h)f[h]=l[f[h]];return{positions:t,cells:u,meshColor:e}}(p.position,p.delaunayColor,p.delaunayAxis);m.opacity=t.opacity,this.delaunayMesh?this.delaunayMesh.update(m):(m.gl=u,this.delaunayMesh=o(m),this.delaunayMesh._trace=this,this.scene.glplot.add(this.delaunayMesh))}else this.delaunayMesh&&(this.scene.glplot.remove(this.delaunayMesh),this.delaunayMesh.dispose(),this.delaunayMesh=null)},y.dispose=function(){this.linePlot&&(this.scene.glplot.remove(this.linePlot),this.linePlot.dispose()),this.scatterPlot&&(this.scene.glplot.remove(this.scatterPlot),this.scatterPlot.dispose()),this.errorBars&&(this.scene.glplot.remove(this.errorBars),this.errorBars.dispose()),this.textMarkers&&(this.scene.glplot.remove(this.textMarkers),this.textMarkers.dispose()),this.delaunayMesh&&(this.scene.glplot.remove(this.delaunayMesh),this.delaunayMesh.dispose())},e.exports=function(t,e){var r=new v(t,e.uid);return r.update(e),r}},{"../../../stackgl_modules":1133,"../../components/fx/helpers":403,"../../constants/gl3d_dashes":488,"../../constants/gl3d_markers":489,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/gl_format_color":511,"../../lib/str2rgbarray":540,"../../plots/cartesian/axes":566,"../scatter/make_bubble_size_func":953,"./calc_errors":966}],968:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var 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n=t("../../lib"),i=t("../scatter/subtypes"),a=t("../scatter/marker_defaults"),o=t("../scatter/line_defaults"),s=t("../scatter/text_defaults"),l=t("../scatter/fillcolor_defaults"),c=t("./attributes");e.exports=function(t,e,r,u){function f(r,i){return n.coerce(t,e,c,r,i)}var h,p=f("locations");if(p&&p.length){var d,m=f("geojson");("string"==typeof m&&""!==m||n.isPlainObject(m))&&(d="geojson-id"),"geojson-id"===f("locationmode",d)&&f("featureidkey"),h=p.length}else{var 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n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("../../lib"),a=t("../../lib/topojson_utils").getTopojsonFeatures,o=t("../../lib/geojson_utils"),s=t("../../lib/geo_location_utils"),l=t("../../plots/cartesian/autorange").findExtremes,c=t("../../constants/numerical").BADNUM,u=t("../scatter/calc").calcMarkerSize,f=t("../scatter/subtypes"),h=t("./style");e.exports={calcGeoJSON:function(t,e){var r,n,i=t[0].trace,o=e[i.geo],f=o._subplot,h=i._length;if(Array.isArray(i.locations)){var p=i.locationmode,d="geojson-id"===p?s.extractTraceFeature(t):a(i,f.topojson);for(r=0;r<h;r++){n=t[r];var m="geojson-id"===p?n.fOut:s.locationToFeature(p,n.loc,d);n.lonlat=m?m.properties.ct:[c,c]}}var g,v,y={padded:!0};if("geojson"===o.fitbounds&&"geojson-id"===i.locationmode){var x=s.computeBbox(s.getTraceGeojson(i));g=[x[0],x[2]],v=[x[1],x[3]]}else{for(g=new Array(h),v=new 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s=o.calcTraceToLineCoords(e),c="none"!==a.fill?o.makePolygon(s):o.makeLine(s);r.selectAll("path.js-line").data([{geojson:c,trace:a}]).enter().append("path").classed("js-line",!0).style("stroke-miterlimit",2)}f.hasMarkers(a)&&r.selectAll("path.point").data(i.identity).enter().append("path").classed("point",!0).each((function(t){l(t,this)})),f.hasText(a)&&r.selectAll("g").data(i.identity).enter().append("g").append("text").each((function(t){l(t,this)})),h(t,e)}))}}},{"../../constants/numerical":491,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/geo_location_utils":508,"../../lib/geojson_utils":509,"../../lib/topojson_utils":544,"../../plots/cartesian/autorange":565,"../scatter/calc":937,"../scatter/subtypes":961,"./style":987,"@plotly/d3":58}],986:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../scatter/subtypes"),i=t("../../constants/numerical").BADNUM;e.exports=function(t,e){var 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n=t("../../lib"),i=t("../../components/color"),a=t("../../constants/interactions").DESELECTDIM;e.exports={styleTextSelection:function(t){var e,r,o=t[0],s=o.trace,l=o.t,c=l._scene,u=l.index,f=c.selectBatch[u],h=c.unselectBatch[u],p=c.textOptions[u],d=c.textSelectedOptions[u]||{},m=c.textUnselectedOptions[u]||{},g=n.extendFlat({},p);if(f.length||h.length){var v=d.color,y=m.color,x=p.color,b=Array.isArray(x);for(g.color=new Array(s._length),e=0;e<f.length;e++)r=f[e],g.color[r]=v||(b?x[r]:x);for(e=0;e<h.length;e++){r=h[e];var _=b?x[r]:x;g.color[r]=y||(v?_:i.addOpacity(_,a))}}c.glText[u].update(g)}}},{"../../components/color":367,"../../constants/interactions":490,"../../lib":515}],995:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../scatter/format_labels");e.exports=function(t,e,r){var i=t.i;return"x"in t||(t.x=e._x[i]),"y"in t||(t.y=e._y[i]),n(t,e,r)}},{"../scatter/format_labels":945}],996:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("./constants");r.isOpenSymbol=function(t){return"string"==typeof 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v=s.c2p(h.x,!0),y=l.c2p(h.y,!0),x=h.mrc||1,b=o.hoverlabel;b&&(h.hbg=Array.isArray(b.bgcolor)?b.bgcolor[f]:b.bgcolor,h.hbc=Array.isArray(b.bordercolor)?b.bordercolor[f]:b.bordercolor,h.hts=i.isArrayOrTypedArray(b.font.size)?b.font.size[f]:b.font.size,h.htc=Array.isArray(b.font.color)?b.font.color[f]:b.font.color,h.htf=Array.isArray(b.font.family)?b.font.family[f]:b.font.family,h.hnl=i.isArrayOrTypedArray(b.namelength)?b.namelength[f]:b.namelength);var _=o.hoverinfo;_&&(h.hi=Array.isArray(_)?_[f]:_);var w=o.hovertemplate;w&&(h.ht=Array.isArray(w)?w[f]:w);var T={};T[t.index]=h;var k=o._origX,A=o._origY,M=i.extendFlat({},t,{color:a(o,h),x0:v-x,x1:v+x,xLabelVal:k?k[f]:h.x,y0:y-x,y1:y+x,yLabelVal:A?A[f]:h.y,cd:T,distance:c,spikeDistance:u,hovertemplate:h.ht});return h.htx?M.text=h.htx:h.tx?M.text=h.tx:o.text&&(M.text=o.text),i.fillText(h,o,M),n.getComponentMethod("errorbars","hoverInfo")(h,o,M),M}e.exports={hoverPoints:function(t,e,r,n){var 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R=y.selectBatch[I]=s.selIndices2selPoints(C),F={};for(g=0;g<R.length;g++)F[R[g]]=1;var B=[];for(g=0;g<O;g++)F[g]||B.push(g);y.unselectBatch[I]=B}var N=P.xpx=new Array(O),j=P.ypx=new Array(O);for(g=0;g<O;g++)N[g]=x.c2p(z[g]),j[g]=b.c2p(D[g])}else P.xpx=P.ypx=null}if(S){if(y.select2d||(y.select2d=n(v._glcanvas.data()[1].regl)),y.scatter2d){var U=new Array(_);for(m=0;m<_;m++)U[m]=y.selectBatch[m].length||y.unselectBatch[m].length?y.markerUnselectedOptions[m]:{};y.scatter2d.update(U)}y.select2d&&(y.select2d.update(y.markerOptions),y.select2d.update(y.markerSelectedOptions)),y.glText&&r.forEach((function(t){var e=((t||[])[0]||{}).trace||{};u.hasText(e)&&h(t)}))}else y.scatter2d&&y.scatter2d.update(y.markerOptions);var V={viewport:d(v,x,b,t._context.plotGlPixelRatio),range:[(x._rl||x.range)[0],(b._rl||b.range)[0],(x._rl||x.range)[1],(b._rl||b.range)[1]]},H=s.repeat(V,y.count);y.fill2d&&y.fill2d.update(H),y.line2d&&y.line2d.update(H),y.error2d&&y.error2d.update(H.concat(H)),y.scatter2d&&y.scatter2d.update(H),y.select2d&&y.select2d.update(H),y.glText&&y.glText.forEach((function(t){t.update(V)}))}else y.init()}}).reglPrecompiled=p},{"../../components/dragelement/helpers":385,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/prepare_regl":528,"../scatter/link_traces":952,"../scatter/subtypes":961,"./edit_style":994,"gl-text":225,"regl-error2d":280,"regl-line2d":281,"regl-scatter2d":282}],1e3:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib");e.exports=function(t,e){var r=e._scene,i={count:0,dirty:!0,lineOptions:[],fillOptions:[],markerOptions:[],markerSelectedOptions:[],markerUnselectedOptions:[],errorXOptions:[],errorYOptions:[],textOptions:[],textSelectedOptions:[],textUnselectedOptions:[],selectBatch:[],unselectBatch:[]},a={fill2d:!1,scatter2d:!1,error2d:!1,line2d:!1,glText:!1,select2d:!1};return e._scene||((r=e._scene={}).init=function(){n.extendFlat(r,a,i)},r.init(),r.update=function(t){var e=n.repeat(t,r.count);if(r.fill2d&&r.fill2d.update(e),r.scatter2d&&r.scatter2d.update(e),r.line2d&&r.line2d.update(e),r.error2d&&r.error2d.update(e.concat(e)),r.select2d&&r.select2d.update(e),r.glText)for(var i=0;i<r.count;i++)r.glText[i].update(t)},r.draw=function(){for(var t=r.count,e=r.fill2d,i=r.error2d,a=r.line2d,o=r.scatter2d,s=r.glText,l=r.select2d,c=r.selectBatch,u=r.unselectBatch,f=0;f<t;f++){if(e&&r.fillOrder[f]&&e.draw(r.fillOrder[f]),a&&r.lineOptions[f]&&a.draw(f),i&&(r.errorXOptions[f]&&i.draw(f),r.errorYOptions[f]&&i.draw(f+t)),o&&r.markerOptions[f])if(u[f].length){var h=n.repeat([],r.count);h[f]=u[f],o.draw(h)}else 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n=t("../../plots/template_attributes").hovertemplateAttrs,i=t("../../plots/template_attributes").texttemplateAttrs,a=t("../scattergeo/attributes"),o=t("../scatter/attributes"),s=t("../../plots/mapbox/layout_attributes"),l=t("../../plots/attributes"),c=t("../../components/colorscale/attributes"),u=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat,f=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll,h=t("../../plots/mapbox/layout_attributes"),p=a.line,d=a.marker;e.exports=f({lon:a.lon,lat:a.lat,cluster:{enabled:{valType:"boolean"},maxzoom:u({},h.layers.maxzoom,{}),step:{valType:"number",arrayOk:!0,dflt:-1,min:-1},size:{valType:"number",arrayOk:!0,dflt:20,min:0},color:{valType:"color",arrayOk:!0},opacity:u({},d.opacity,{dflt:1})},mode:u({},o.mode,{dflt:"markers"}),text:u({},o.text,{}),texttemplate:i({editType:"plot"},{keys:["lat","lon","text"]}),hovertext:u({},o.hovertext,{}),line:{color:p.color,width:p.width},connectgaps:o.connectgaps,marker:u({symbol:{valType:"string",dflt:"circle",arrayOk:!0},angle:{valType:"number",dflt:"auto",arrayOk:!0},allowoverlap:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},opacity:d.opacity,size:d.size,sizeref:d.sizeref,sizemin:d.sizemin,sizemode:d.sizemode},c("marker")),fill:a.fill,fillcolor:o.fillcolor,textfont:s.layers.symbol.textfont,textposition:s.layers.symbol.textposition,below:{valType:"string"},selected:{marker:o.selected.marker},unselected:{marker:o.unselected.marker},hoverinfo:u({},l.hoverinfo,{flags:["lon","lat","text","name"]}),hovertemplate:n()},"calc","nested")},{"../../components/colorscale/attributes":374,"../../lib/extend":505,"../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../../plots/attributes":562,"../../plots/mapbox/layout_attributes":624,"../../plots/template_attributes":642,"../scatter/attributes":936,"../scattergeo/attributes":978}],1003:[function(t,e,r){"use 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Array(4);(r=a.getFromId(t,p._diag[l][0]))&&(T[0]=r._rl[0],T[2]=r._rl[1],k[0]=r.domain[0],k[2]=r.domain[1]),(s=a.getFromId(t,p._diag[l][1]))&&(T[1]=s._rl[0],T[3]=s._rl[1],k[1]=s.domain[0],k[3]=s.domain[1])}var A=t._context.plotGlPixelRatio,M=h.l*A,S=h.b*A,E=h.w*A,L=h.h*A;w.viewport=[M,S,E+M,L+S],!0===m.matrix&&(m.matrix=n(y));var C=f.clickmode.indexOf("select")>-1,P=!0;if(o(x)||!!p.selectedpoints||C){var I=p._length;if(p.selectedpoints){m.selectBatch=p.selectedpoints;var O=p.selectedpoints,z={};for(l=0;l<O.length;l++)z[O[l]]=!0;var D=[];for(l=0;l<I;l++)z[l]||D.push(l);m.unselectBatch=D}var R=d.xpx=new Array(_),F=d.ypx=new Array(_);for(u=0;u<b.length;u++){if(l=b[u],r=a.getFromId(t,p._diag[l][0]))for(R[u]=new Array(I),c=0;c<I;c++)R[u][c]=r.c2p(v[u][c]);if(s=a.getFromId(t,p._diag[l][1]))for(F[u]=new Array(I),c=0;c<I;c++)F[u][c]=s.c2p(v[u][c])}if(m.selectBatch.length||m.unselectBatch.length){var B=i.extendFlat({},g,m.unselectedOptions,w),N=i.extendFlat({},g,m.selectedOptions,w);m.matrix.update(B,N),P=!1}}else d.xpx=d.ypx=null;if(P){var j=i.extendFlat({},g,w);m.matrix.update(j,null)}}}e.exports=function(t,e,r){if(r.length)for(var n=0;n<r.length;n++)s(t,r[n][0])}},{"../../components/dragelement/helpers":385,"../../lib":515,"../../plots/cartesian/axis_ids":570,"regl-splom":283}],1051:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib");e.exports=function(t,e){var r=t._fullLayout,i=e.uid,a=r._splomScenes;a||(a=r._splomScenes={});var o={dirty:!0,selectBatch:[],unselectBatch:[]},s=a[e.uid];return s||((s=a[i]=n.extendFlat({},o,{matrix:!1,selectBatch:[],unselectBatch:[]})).draw=function(){s.matrix&&s.matrix.draw&&(s.selectBatch.length||s.unselectBatch.length?s.matrix.draw(s.unselectBatch,s.selectBatch):s.matrix.draw()),s.dirty=!1},s.destroy=function(){s.matrix&&s.matrix.destroy&&s.matrix.destroy(),s.matrixOptions=null,s.selectBatch=null,s.unselectBatch=null,s=null}),s.dirty||n.extendFlat(s,o),s}},{"../../lib":515}],1052:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib"),i=n.pushUnique,a=t("../scatter/subtypes"),o=t("./helpers");e.exports=function(t,e){var r=t.cd,s=r[0].trace,l=r[0].t,c=t.scene,u=c.matrixOptions.cdata,f=t.xaxis,h=t.yaxis,p=[];if(!c)return p;var d=!a.hasMarkers(s)&&!a.hasText(s);if(!0!==s.visible||d)return p;var m=o.getDimIndex(s,f),g=o.getDimIndex(s,h);if(!1===m||!1===g)return p;var v=l.xpx[m],y=l.ypx[g],x=u[m],b=u[g],_=(t.scene.selectBatch||[]).slice(),w=[];if(!1!==e&&!e.degenerate)for(var T=0;T<x.length;T++)e.contains([v[T],y[T]],null,T,t)?(p.push({pointNumber:T,x:x[T],y:b[T]}),i(_,T)):-1!==_.indexOf(T)?i(_,T):w.push(T);var k=c.matrixOptions;return _.length||w.length?c.selectBatch.length||c.unselectBatch.length||c.matrix.update(c.unselectedOptions,n.extendFlat({},k,c.selectedOptions,c.viewOpts)):c.matrix.update(k,null),c.selectBatch=_,c.unselectBatch=w,p}},{"../../lib":515,"../scatter/subtypes":961,"./helpers":1047}],1053:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../components/colorscale/attributes"),i=t("../../plots/cartesian/axis_format_attributes").axisHoverFormat,a=t("../../plots/template_attributes").hovertemplateAttrs,o=t("../mesh3d/attributes"),s=t("../../plots/attributes"),l=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat,c={x:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc+clearAxisTypes"},y:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc+clearAxisTypes"},z:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc+clearAxisTypes"},u:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},v:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},w:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},starts:{x:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},y:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},z:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},editType:"calc"},maxdisplayed:{valType:"integer",min:0,dflt:1e3,editType:"calc"},sizeref:{valType:"number",editType:"calc",min:0,dflt:1},text:{valType:"string",dflt:"",editType:"calc"},hovertext:{valType:"string",dflt:"",editType:"calc"},hovertemplate:a({editType:"calc"},{keys:["tubex","tubey","tubez","tubeu","tubev","tubew","norm","divergence"]}),uhoverformat:i("u",1),vhoverformat:i("v",1),whoverformat:i("w",1),xhoverformat:i("x"),yhoverformat:i("y"),zhoverformat:i("z"),showlegend:l({},s.showlegend,{dflt:!1})};l(c,n("",{colorAttr:"u/v/w 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e,r,i,a,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m=t._x,g=t._y,v=t._z,y=t._len,x=-1/0,b=1/0,_=-1/0,w=1/0,T=-1/0,k=1/0,A="";for(y&&(c=m[0],f=g[0],p=v[0]),y>1&&(u=m[y-1],h=g[y-1],d=v[y-1]),e=0;e<y;e++)x=Math.max(x,m[e]),b=Math.min(b,m[e]),_=Math.max(_,g[e]),w=Math.min(w,g[e]),T=Math.max(T,v[e]),k=Math.min(k,v[e]),a||m[e]===c||(a=!0,A+="x"),s||g[e]===f||(s=!0,A+="y"),l||v[e]===p||(l=!0,A+="z");a||(A+="x"),s||(A+="y"),l||(A+="z");var M=o(t._x),S=o(t._y),E=o(t._z);A=(A=(A=A.replace("x",(c>u?"-":"+")+"x")).replace("y",(f>h?"-":"+")+"y")).replace("z",(p>d?"-":"+")+"z");var L=function(){y=0,M=[],S=[],E=[]};(!y||y<M.length*S.length*E.length)&&L();var C=function(t){return"x"===t?m:"y"===t?g:v},P=function(t){return"x"===t?M:"y"===t?S:E},I=function(t){return t[y-1]<t[0]?-1:1},O=C(A[1]),z=C(A[3]),D=C(A[5]),R=P(A[1]).length,F=P(A[3]).length,B=P(A[5]).length,N=!1,j=function(t,e,r){return R*(F*t+e)+r},U=I(C(A[1])),V=I(C(A[3])),H=I(C(A[5]));for(e=0;e<B-1;e++){for(r=0;r<F-1;r++){for(i=0;i<R-1;i++){var q=j(e,r,i),G=j(e,r,i+1),Y=j(e,r+1,i),W=j(e+1,r,i);if(O[q]*U<O[G]*U&&z[q]*V<z[Y]*V&&D[q]*H<D[W]*H||(N=!0),N)break}if(N)break}if(N)break}return N&&(n.warn("Encountered arbitrary coordinates! Unable to input data grid."),L()),{xMin:b,yMin:w,zMin:k,xMax:x,yMax:_,zMax:T,Xs:M,Ys:S,Zs:E,len:y,fill:A}}function o(t){return n.distinctVals(t).vals}function s(t,e){if(void 0===e&&(e=t.length),n.isTypedArray(t))return t.subarray(0,e);for(var r=[],i=0;i<e;i++)r[i]=+t[i];return r}e.exports={calc:function(t,e){e._len=Math.min(e.u.length,e.v.length,e.w.length,e.x.length,e.y.length,e.z.length),e._u=s(e.u,e._len),e._v=s(e.v,e._len),e._w=s(e.w,e._len),e._x=s(e.x,e._len),e._y=s(e.y,e._len),e._z=s(e.z,e._len);var r=a(e);e._gridFill=r.fill,e._Xs=r.Xs,e._Ys=r.Ys,e._Zs=r.Zs,e._len=r.len;var n,o,l,c=0;e.starts&&(n=s(e.starts.x||[]),o=s(e.starts.y||[]),l=s(e.starts.z||[]),c=Math.min(n.length,o.length,l.length)),e._startsX=n||[],e._startsY=o||[],e._startsZ=l||[];var u,f=0,h=1/0;for(u=0;u<e._len;u++){var p=e._u[u],d=e._v[u],m=e._w[u],g=Math.sqrt(p*p+d*d+m*m);f=Math.max(f,g),h=Math.min(h,g)}for(i(t,e,{vals:[h,f],containerStr:"",cLetter:"c"}),u=0;u<c;u++){var v=n[u];r.xMax=Math.max(r.xMax,v),r.xMin=Math.min(r.xMin,v);var y=o[u];r.yMax=Math.max(r.yMax,y),r.yMin=Math.min(r.yMin,y);var x=l[u];r.zMax=Math.max(r.zMax,x),r.zMin=Math.min(r.zMin,x)}e._slen=c,e._normMax=f,e._xbnds=[r.xMin,r.xMax],e._ybnds=[r.yMin,r.yMax],e._zbnds=[r.zMin,r.zMax]},filter:s,processGrid:a}},{"../../components/colorscale/calc":375,"../../lib":515}],1055:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_streamtube3d,i=n.createTubeMesh,a=t("../../lib"),o=t("../../lib/gl_format_color").parseColorScale,s=t("../../components/colorscale").extractOpts,l=t("../../plots/gl3d/zip3"),c={xaxis:0,yaxis:1,zaxis:2};function u(t,e){this.scene=t,this.uid=e,this.mesh=null,this.data=null}var f=u.prototype;function h(t){var e=t.length;return e>2?t.slice(1,e-1):2===e?[(t[0]+t[1])/2]:t}function p(t){var e=t.length;return 1===e?[.5,.5]:[t[1]-t[0],t[e-1]-t[e-2]]}function d(t,e){var r=t.fullSceneLayout,i=t.dataScale,u=e._len,f={};function d(t,e){var n=r[e],o=i[c[e]];return a.simpleMap(t,(function(t){return n.d2l(t)*o}))}if(f.vectors=l(d(e._u,"xaxis"),d(e._v,"yaxis"),d(e._w,"zaxis"),u),!u)return{positions:[],cells:[]};var m=d(e._Xs,"xaxis"),g=d(e._Ys,"yaxis"),v=d(e._Zs,"zaxis");if(f.meshgrid=[m,g,v],f.gridFill=e._gridFill,e._slen)f.startingPositions=l(d(e._startsX,"xaxis"),d(e._startsY,"yaxis"),d(e._startsZ,"zaxis"));else{for(var y=g[0],x=h(m),b=h(v),_=new Array(x.length*b.length),w=0,T=0;T<x.length;T++)for(var k=0;k<b.length;k++)_[w++]=[x[T],y,b[k]];f.startingPositions=_}f.colormap=o(e),f.tubeSize=e.sizeref,f.maxLength=e.maxdisplayed;var A=d(e._xbnds,"xaxis"),M=d(e._ybnds,"yaxis"),S=d(e._zbnds,"zaxis"),E=p(m),L=p(g),C=p(v),P=[[A[0]-E[0],M[0]-L[0],S[0]-C[0]],[A[1]+E[1],M[1]+L[1],S[1]+C[1]]],I=n(f,P),O=s(e);I.vertexIntensityBounds=[O.min/e._normMax,O.max/e._normMax];var z=e.lightposition;return I.lightPosition=[z.x,z.y,z.z],I.ambient=e.lighting.ambient,I.diffuse=e.lighting.diffuse,I.specular=e.lighting.specular,I.roughness=e.lighting.roughness,I.fresnel=e.lighting.fresnel,I.opacity=e.opacity,e._pad=I.tubeScale*e.sizeref*2,I}f.handlePick=function(t){var e=this.scene.fullSceneLayout,r=this.scene.dataScale;function n(t,n){var i=e[n],a=r[c[n]];return i.l2c(t)/a}if(t.object===this.mesh){var i=t.data.position,a=t.data.velocity;return t.traceCoordinate=[n(i[0],"xaxis"),n(i[1],"yaxis"),n(i[2],"zaxis"),n(a[0],"xaxis"),n(a[1],"yaxis"),n(a[2],"zaxis"),t.data.intensity*this.data._normMax,t.data.divergence],t.textLabel=this.data.hovertext||this.data.text,!0}},f.update=function(t){this.data=t;var e=d(this.scene,t);this.mesh.update(e)},f.dispose=function(){this.scene.glplot.remove(this.mesh),this.mesh.dispose()},e.exports=function(t,e){var r=t.glplot.gl,n=d(t,e),a=i(r,n),o=new u(t,e.uid);return o.mesh=a,o.data=e,a._trace=o,t.glplot.add(a),o}},{"../../../stackgl_modules":1133,"../../components/colorscale":379,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/gl_format_color":511,"../../plots/gl3d/zip3":618}],1056:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib"),i=t("../../components/colorscale/defaults"),a=t("./attributes");e.exports=function(t,e,r,o){function s(r,i){return n.coerce(t,e,a,r,i)}var l=s("u"),c=s("v"),u=s("w"),f=s("x"),h=s("y"),p=s("z");l&&l.length&&c&&c.length&&u&&u.length&&f&&f.length&&h&&h.length&&p&&p.length?(s("starts.x"),s("starts.y"),s("starts.z"),s("maxdisplayed"),s("sizeref"),s("lighting.ambient"),s("lighting.diffuse"),s("lighting.specular"),s("lighting.roughness"),s("lighting.fresnel"),s("lightposition.x"),s("lightposition.y"),s("lightposition.z"),i(t,e,o,s,{prefix:"",cLetter:"c"}),s("text"),s("hovertext"),s("hovertemplate"),s("uhoverformat"),s("vhoverformat"),s("whoverformat"),s("xhoverformat"),s("yhoverformat"),s("zhoverformat"),e._length=null):e.visible=!1}},{"../../components/colorscale/defaults":377,"../../lib":515,"./attributes":1053}],1057:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports={moduleType:"trace",name:"streamtube",basePlotModule:t("../../plots/gl3d"),categories:["gl3d","showLegend"],attributes:t("./attributes"),supplyDefaults:t("./defaults"),colorbar:{min:"cmin",max:"cmax"},calc:t("./calc").calc,plot:t("./convert"),eventData:function(t,e){return t.tubex=t.x,t.tubey=t.y,t.tubez=t.z,t.tubeu=e.traceCoordinate[3],t.tubev=e.traceCoordinate[4],t.tubew=e.traceCoordinate[5],t.norm=e.traceCoordinate[6],t.divergence=e.traceCoordinate[7],delete t.x,delete t.y,delete t.z,t},meta:{}}},{"../../plots/gl3d":607,"./attributes":1053,"./calc":1054,"./convert":1055,"./defaults":1056}],1058:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../plots/attributes"),i=t("../../plots/template_attributes").hovertemplateAttrs,a=t("../../plots/template_attributes").texttemplateAttrs,o=t("../../components/colorscale/attributes"),s=t("../../plots/domain").attributes,l=t("../pie/attributes"),c=t("./constants"),u=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat;e.exports={labels:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},parents:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},values:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},branchvalues:{valType:"enumerated",values:["remainder","total"],dflt:"remainder",editType:"calc"},count:{valType:"flaglist",flags:["branches","leaves"],dflt:"leaves",editType:"calc"},level:{valType:"any",editType:"plot",anim:!0},maxdepth:{valType:"integer",editType:"plot",dflt:-1},marker:u({colors:{valType:"data_array",editType:"calc"},line:{color:u({},l.marker.line.color,{dflt:null}),width:u({},l.marker.line.width,{dflt:1}),editType:"calc"},editType:"calc"},o("marker",{colorAttr:"colors",anim:!1})),leaf:{opacity:{valType:"number",editType:"style",min:0,max:1},editType:"plot"},text:l.text,textinfo:{valType:"flaglist",flags:["label","text","value","current 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n=t("../../plots/plots");r.name="sunburst",r.plot=function(t,e,i,a){n.plotBasePlot(r.name,t,e,i,a)},r.clean=function(t,e,i,a){n.cleanBasePlot(r.name,t,e,i,a)}},{"../../plots/plots":628}],1060:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("d3-hierarchy"),i=t("fast-isnumeric"),a=t("../../lib"),o=t("../../components/colorscale").makeColorScaleFuncFromTrace,s=t("../pie/calc").makePullColorFn,l=t("../pie/calc").generateExtendedColors,c=t("../../components/colorscale").calc,u=t("../../constants/numerical").ALMOST_EQUAL,f={},h={},p={};r.calc=function(t,e){var r,l,f,h,p,d,m=t._fullLayout,g=e.ids,v=a.isArrayOrTypedArray(g),y=e.labels,x=e.parents,b=e.values,_=a.isArrayOrTypedArray(b),w=[],T={},k={},A=function(t){return t||"number"==typeof t},M=function(t){return!_||i(b[t])&&b[t]>=0};v?(r=Math.min(g.length,x.length),l=function(t){return A(g[t])&&M(t)},f=function(t){return String(g[t])}):(r=Math.min(y.length,x.length),l=function(t){return A(y[t])&&M(t)},f=function(t){return 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c=n.select(this),f=s.ensureSingle(c,"path","surface",(function(t){t.style("pointer-events",h?"none":"all")}));i.rpx0=q(i.y0),i.rpx1=q(i.y1),i.xmid=(i.x0+i.x1)/2,i.pxmid=G(i.rpx1,i.xmid),i.midangle=-(i.xmid-Math.PI/2),i.startangle=-(i.x0-Math.PI/2),i.stopangle=-(i.x1-Math.PI/2),i.halfangle=.5*Math.min(s.angleDelta(i.x0,i.x1)||Math.PI,Math.PI),i.ring=1-i.rpx0/i.rpx1,i.rInscribed=function(t){return 0===t.rpx0&&s.isFullCircle([t.x0,t.x1])?1:Math.max(0,Math.min(1/(1+1/Math.sin(t.halfangle)),t.ring/2))}(i),_?f.transition().attrTween("d",(function(t){var e=function(t){var e,r=F[b.getPtId(t)],n={x0:t.x0,x1:t.x1,rpx0:t.rpx0,rpx1:t.rpx1};if(r)e=r;else if(R)if(t.parent)if(X){var i=(t.x1>X?2*Math.PI:0)+V;e={x0:i,x1:i}}else e={rpx0:O,rpx1:O},s.extendFlat(e,Q(t));else e={rpx0:0,rpx1:0};else e={x0:V,x1:V};return a(e,n)}(t);return function(t){return 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if(e={rpx1:t.rpx1,transform:{textPosAngle:n.textPosAngle,scale:0,rotate:n.rotate,rCenter:n.rCenter,x:n.x,y:n.y}},R)if(t.parent)if(X){var i=t.x1>X?2*Math.PI:0;e.x0=e.x1=i}else s.extendFlat(e,Q(t));else e.x0=e.x1=V;else e.x0=e.x1=V;var o=a(e.transform.textPosAngle,t.transform.textPosAngle),l=a(e.rpx1,t.rpx1),c=a(e.x0,t.x0),f=a(e.x1,t.x1),h=a(e.transform.scale,n.scale),p=a(e.transform.rotate,n.rotate),d=0===n.rCenter?3:0===e.transform.rCenter?1/3:1,m=a(e.transform.rCenter,n.rCenter);return function(t){var e=l(t),r=c(t),i=f(t),a=function(t){return m(Math.pow(t,d))}(t),s={pxmid:G(e,(r+i)/2),rpx1:e,transform:{textPosAngle:o(t),rCenter:a,x:n.x,y:n.y}};return u(A.type,n,v),{transform:{targetX:W(s),targetY:Z(s),scale:h(t),rotate:p(t),rCenter:a}}}}(t);return function(t){return E(e(t),M)}})):w.attr("transform",E(i,M))}))}function w(t){return e=t.rpx1,r=t.transform.textPosAngle,[e*Math.sin(r),-e*Math.cos(r)];var e,r}r.plot=function(t,e,r,i){var a,o,s=t._fullLayout,l=s._sunburstlayer,c=!r,u=!s.uniformtext.mode&&b.hasTransition(r);(f("sunburst",s),(a=l.selectAll("g.trace.sunburst").data(e,(function(t){return t[0].trace.uid}))).enter().append("g").classed("trace",!0).classed("sunburst",!0).attr("stroke-linejoin","round"),a.order(),u)?(i&&(o=i()),n.transition().duration(r.duration).ease(r.easing).each("end",(function(){o&&o()})).each("interrupt",(function(){o&&o()})).each((function(){l.selectAll("g.trace").each((function(e){_(t,e,this,r)}))}))):(a.each((function(e){_(t,e,this,r)})),s.uniformtext.mode&&v(t,s._sunburstlayer.selectAll(".trace"),"sunburst"));c&&a.exit().remove()},r.formatSliceLabel=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=r.texttemplate,o=r.textinfo;if(!(a||o&&"none"!==o))return"";var l=i.separators,c=n[0],u=t.data.data,f=c.hierarchy,h=b.isHierarchyRoot(t),p=b.getParent(f,t),d=b.getValue(t);if(!a){var m,g=o.split("+"),v=function(t){return-1!==g.indexOf(t)},y=[];if(v("label")&&u.label&&y.push(u.label),u.hasOwnProperty("v")&&v("value")&&y.push(b.formatValue(u.v,l)),!h){v("current path")&&y.push(b.getPath(t.data));var x=0;v("percent parent")&&x++,v("percent entry")&&x++,v("percent root")&&x++;var _=x>1;if(x){var w,T=function(t){m=b.formatPercent(w,l),_&&(m+=" of "+t),y.push(m)};v("percent parent")&&!h&&(w=d/b.getValue(p),T("parent")),v("percent entry")&&(w=d/b.getValue(e),T("entry")),v("percent root")&&(w=d/b.getValue(f),T("root"))}}return v("text")&&(m=s.castOption(r,u.i,"text"),s.isValidTextValue(m)&&y.push(m)),y.join("<br>")}var k=s.castOption(r,u.i,"texttemplate");if(!k)return"";var A={};u.label&&(A.label=u.label),u.hasOwnProperty("v")&&(A.value=u.v,A.valueLabel=b.formatValue(u.v,l)),A.currentPath=b.getPath(t.data),h||(A.percentParent=d/b.getValue(p),A.percentParentLabel=b.formatPercent(A.percentParent,l),A.parent=b.getPtLabel(p)),A.percentEntry=d/b.getValue(e),A.percentEntryLabel=b.formatPercent(A.percentEntry,l),A.entry=b.getPtLabel(e),A.percentRoot=d/b.getValue(f),A.percentRootLabel=b.formatPercent(A.percentRoot,l),A.root=b.getPtLabel(f),u.hasOwnProperty("color")&&(A.color=u.color);var M=s.castOption(r,u.i,"text");return(s.isValidTextValue(M)||""===M)&&(A.text=M),A.customdata=s.castOption(r,u.i,"customdata"),s.texttemplateString(k,A,i._d3locale,A,r._meta||{})}},{"../../components/drawing":389,"../../lib":515,"../../lib/svg_text_utils":541,"../bar/style":671,"../bar/uniform_text":673,"../pie/helpers":915,"../pie/plot":919,"./constants":1061,"./fx":1063,"./helpers":1064,"./style":1069,"@plotly/d3":58,"d3-hierarchy":115,"d3-interpolate":116}],1069:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("../../components/color"),a=t("../../lib"),o=t("../bar/uniform_text").resizeText;function s(t,e,r){var n=e.data.data,o=!e.children,s=n.i,l=a.castOption(r,s,"marker.line.color")||i.defaultLine,c=a.castOption(r,s,"marker.line.width")||0;t.style("stroke-width",c).call(i.fill,n.color).call(i.stroke,l).style("opacity",o?r.leaf.opacity:null)}e.exports={style:function(t){var e=t._fullLayout._sunburstlayer.selectAll(".trace");o(t,e,"sunburst"),e.each((function(t){var e=n.select(this),r=t[0].trace;e.style("opacity",r.opacity),e.selectAll("path.surface").each((function(t){n.select(this).call(s,t,r)}))}))},styleOne:s}},{"../../components/color":367,"../../lib":515,"../bar/uniform_text":673,"@plotly/d3":58}],1070:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../components/color"),i=t("../../components/colorscale/attributes"),a=t("../../plots/cartesian/axis_format_attributes").axisHoverFormat,o=t("../../plots/template_attributes").hovertemplateAttrs,s=t("../../plots/attributes"),l=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat,c=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll;function u(t){return{show:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},start:{valType:"number",dflt:null,editType:"plot"},end:{valType:"number",dflt:null,editType:"plot"},size:{valType:"number",dflt:null,min:0,editType:"plot"},project:{x:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},y:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},z:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1}},color:{valType:"color",dflt:n.defaultLine},usecolormap:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},width:{valType:"number",min:1,max:16,dflt:2},highlight:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!0},highlightcolor:{valType:"color",dflt:n.defaultLine},highlightwidth:{valType:"number",min:1,max:16,dflt:2}}}var f=e.exports=c(l({z:{valType:"data_array"},x:{valType:"data_array"},y:{valType:"data_array"},text:{valType:"string",dflt:"",arrayOk:!0},hovertext:{valType:"string",dflt:"",arrayOk:!0},hovertemplate:o(),xhoverformat:a("x"),yhoverformat:a("y"),zhoverformat:a("z"),connectgaps:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1,editType:"calc"},surfacecolor:{valType:"data_array"}},i("",{colorAttr:"z or surfacecolor",showScaleDflt:!0,autoColorDflt:!1,editTypeOverride:"calc"}),{contours:{x:u(),y:u(),z:u()},hidesurface:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},lightposition:{x:{valType:"number",min:-1e5,max:1e5,dflt:10},y:{valType:"number",min:-1e5,max:1e5,dflt:1e4},z:{valType:"number",min:-1e5,max:1e5,dflt:0}},lighting:{ambient:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:.8},diffuse:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:.8},specular:{valType:"number",min:0,max:2,dflt:.05},roughness:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:.5},fresnel:{valType:"number",min:0,max:5,dflt:.2}},opacity:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1},opacityscale:{valType:"any",editType:"calc"},_deprecated:{zauto:l({},i.zauto,{}),zmin:l({},i.zmin,{}),zmax:l({},i.zmax,{})},hoverinfo:l({},s.hoverinfo),showlegend:l({},s.showlegend,{dflt:!1})}),"calc","nested");f.x.editType=f.y.editType=f.z.editType="calc+clearAxisTypes",f.transforms=void 0},{"../../components/color":367,"../../components/colorscale/attributes":374,"../../lib/extend":505,"../../plot_api/edit_types":548,"../../plots/attributes":562,"../../plots/cartesian/axis_format_attributes":569,"../../plots/template_attributes":642}],1071:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../components/colorscale/calc");e.exports=function(t,e){e.surfacecolor?n(t,e,{vals:e.surfacecolor,containerStr:"",cLetter:"c"}):n(t,e,{vals:e.z,containerStr:"",cLetter:"c"})}},{"../../components/colorscale/calc":375}],1072:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../../stackgl_modules").gl_surface3d,i=t("../../../stackgl_modules").ndarray,a=t("../../../stackgl_modules").ndarray_linear_interpolate.d2,o=t("../heatmap/interp2d"),s=t("../heatmap/find_empties"),l=t("../../lib").isArrayOrTypedArray,c=t("../../lib/gl_format_color").parseColorScale,u=t("../../lib/str2rgbarray"),f=t("../../components/colorscale").extractOpts;function h(t,e,r){this.scene=t,this.uid=r,this.surface=e,this.data=null,this.showContour=[!1,!1,!1],this.contourStart=[null,null,null],this.contourEnd=[null,null,null],this.contourSize=[0,0,0],this.minValues=[1/0,1/0,1/0],this.maxValues=[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],this.dataScaleX=1,this.dataScaleY=1,this.refineData=!0,this.objectOffset=[0,0,0]}var p=h.prototype;p.getXat=function(t,e,r,n){var i=l(this.data.x)?l(this.data.x[0])?this.data.x[e][t]:this.data.x[t]:t;return void 0===r?i:n.d2l(i,0,r)},p.getYat=function(t,e,r,n){var i=l(this.data.y)?l(this.data.y[0])?this.data.y[e][t]:this.data.y[e]:e;return void 0===r?i:n.d2l(i,0,r)},p.getZat=function(t,e,r,n){var i=this.data.z[e][t];return null===i&&this.data.connectgaps&&this.data._interpolatedZ&&(i=this.data._interpolatedZ[e][t]),void 0===r?i:n.d2l(i,0,r)},p.handlePick=function(t){if(t.object===this.surface){var e=(t.data.index[0]-1)/this.dataScaleX-1,r=(t.data.index[1]-1)/this.dataScaleY-1,n=Math.max(Math.min(Math.round(e),this.data.z[0].length-1),0),i=Math.max(Math.min(Math.round(r),this.data._ylength-1),0);t.index=[n,i],t.traceCoordinate=[this.getXat(n,i),this.getYat(n,i),this.getZat(n,i)],t.dataCoordinate=[this.getXat(n,i,this.data.xcalendar,this.scene.fullSceneLayout.xaxis),this.getYat(n,i,this.data.ycalendar,this.scene.fullSceneLayout.yaxis),this.getZat(n,i,this.data.zcalendar,this.scene.fullSceneLayout.zaxis)];for(var a=0;a<3;a++){var o=t.dataCoordinate[a];null!=o&&(t.dataCoordinate[a]*=this.scene.dataScale[a])}var s=this.data.hovertext||this.data.text;return Array.isArray(s)&&s[i]&&void 0!==s[i][n]?t.textLabel=s[i][n]:t.textLabel=s||"",t.data.dataCoordinate=t.dataCoordinate.slice(),this.surface.highlight(t.data),this.scene.glplot.spikes.position=t.dataCoordinate,!0}};var d=[2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89,97,101,103,107,109,113,127,131,137,139,149,151,157,163,167,173,179,181,191,193,197,199,211,223,227,229,233,239,241,251,257,263,269,271,277,281,283,293,307,311,313,317,331,337,347,349,353,359,367,373,379,383,389,397,401,409,419,421,431,433,439,443,449,457,461,463,467,479,487,491,499,503,509,521,523,541,547,557,563,569,571,577,587,593,599,601,607,613,617,619,631,641,643,647,653,659,661,673,677,683,691,701,709,719,727,733,739,743,751,757,761,769,773,787,797,809,811,821,823,827,829,839,853,857,859,863,877,881,883,887,907,911,919,929,937,941,947,953,967,971,977,983,991,997,1009,1013,1019,1021,1031,1033,1039,1049,1051,1061,1063,1069,1087,1091,1093,1097,1103,1109,1117,1123,1129,1151,1153,1163,1171,1181,1187,1193,1201,1213,1217,1223,1229,1231,1237,1249,1259,1277,1279,1283,1289,1291,1297,1301,1303,1307,1319,1321,1327,1361,1367,1373,1381,1399,1409,1423,1427,1429,1433,1439,1447,1451,1453,1459,1471,1481,1483,1487,1489,1493,1499,1511,1523,1531,1543,1549,1553,1559,1567,1571,1579,1583,1597,1601,1607,1609,1613,1619,1621,1627,1637,1657,1663,1667,1669,1693,1697,1699,1709,1721,1723,1733,1741,1747,1753,1759,1777,1783,1787,1789,1801,1811,1823,1831,1847,1861,1867,1871,1873,1877,1879,1889,1901,1907,1913,1931,1933,1949,1951,1973,1979,1987,1993,1997,1999,2003,2011,2017,2027,2029,2039,2053,2063,2069,2081,2083,2087,2089,2099,2111,2113,2129,2131,2137,2141,2143,2153,2161,2179,2203,2207,2213,2221,2237,2239,2243,2251,2267,2269,2273,2281,2287,2293,2297,2309,2311,2333,2339,2341,2347,2351,2357,2371,2377,2381,2383,2389,2393,2399,2411,2417,2423,2437,2441,2447,2459,2467,2473,2477,2503,2521,2531,2539,2543,2549,2551,2557,2579,2591,2593,2609,2617,2621,2633,2647,2657,2659,2663,2671,2677,2683,2687,2689,2693,2699,2707,2711,2713,2719,2729,2731,2741,2749,2753,2767,2777,2789,2791,2797,2801,2803,2819,2833,2837,2843,2851,2857,2861,2879,2887,2897,2903,2909,2917,2927,2939,2953,2957,2963,2969,2971,2999];function m(t,e){if(t<e)return 0;for(var r=0;0===Math.floor(t%e);)t/=e,r++;return r}function g(t){for(var e=[],r=0;r<d.length;r++){var n=d[r];e.push(m(t,n))}return e}function v(t){for(var e=g(t),r=t,n=0;n<d.length;n++)if(e[n]>0){r=d[n];break}return r}function y(t,e){if(!(t<1||e<1)){for(var r=g(t),n=g(e),i=1,a=0;a<d.length;a++)i*=Math.pow(d[a],Math.max(r[a],n[a]));return i}}p.calcXnums=function(t){var e,r=[];for(e=1;e<t;e++){var n=this.getXat(e-1,0),i=this.getXat(e,0);r[e-1]=i!==n&&null!=n&&null!=i?Math.abs(i-n):0}var a=0;for(e=1;e<t;e++)a+=r[e-1];for(e=1;e<t;e++)0===r[e-1]?r[e-1]=1:r[e-1]=Math.round(a/r[e-1]);return r},p.calcYnums=function(t){var e,r=[];for(e=1;e<t;e++){var n=this.getYat(0,e-1),i=this.getYat(0,e);r[e-1]=i!==n&&null!=n&&null!=i?Math.abs(i-n):0}var a=0;for(e=1;e<t;e++)a+=r[e-1];for(e=1;e<t;e++)0===r[e-1]?r[e-1]=1:r[e-1]=Math.round(a/r[e-1]);return r};var x=[1,2,4,6,12,24,36,48,60,120,180,240,360,720,840,1260],b=x[9],_=x[13];function w(t,e,r){var n=r[8]+r[2]*e[0]+r[5]*e[1];return t[0]=(r[6]+r[0]*e[0]+r[3]*e[1])/n,t[1]=(r[7]+r[1]*e[0]+r[4]*e[1])/n,t}function T(t,e,r){return function(t,e,r,n){for(var i=[0,0],o=t.shape[0],s=t.shape[1],l=0;l<o;l++)for(var c=0;c<s;c++)r(i,[l,c],n),t.set(l,c,a(e,i[0],i[1]))}(t,e,w,r),t}function k(t,e){for(var r=!1,n=0;n<t.length;n++)if(e===t[n]){r=!0;break}!1===r&&t.push(e)}p.estimateScale=function(t,e){for(var r=1+function(t){if(0!==t.length){for(var e=1,r=0;r<t.length;r++)e=y(e,t[r]);return e}}(0===e?this.calcXnums(t):this.calcYnums(t));r<b;)r*=2;for(;r>_;)r--,r/=v(r),++r<b&&(r=_);var n=Math.round(r/t);return n>1?n:1},p.refineCoords=function(t){for(var e=this.dataScaleX,r=this.dataScaleY,n=t[0].shape[0],a=t[0].shape[1],o=0|Math.floor(t[0].shape[0]*e+1),s=0|Math.floor(t[0].shape[1]*r+1),l=1+n+1,c=1+a+1,u=i(new Float32Array(l*c),[l,c]),f=[1/e,0,0,0,1/r,0,0,0,1],h=0;h<t.length;++h){this.surface.padField(u,t[h]);var p=i(new Float32Array(o*s),[o,s]);T(p,u,f),t[h]=p}},p.setContourLevels=function(){var t,e,r,n=[[],[],[]],i=[!1,!1,!1],a=!1;for(t=0;t<3;++t)if(this.showContour[t]&&(a=!0,this.contourSize[t]>0&&null!==this.contourStart[t]&&null!==this.contourEnd[t]&&this.contourEnd[t]>this.contourStart[t]))for(i[t]=!0,e=this.contourStart[t];e<this.contourEnd[t];e+=this.contourSize[t])r=e*this.scene.dataScale[t],k(n[t],r);if(a){var o=[[],[],[]];for(t=0;t<3;++t)this.showContour[t]&&(o[t]=i[t]?n[t]:this.scene.contourLevels[t]);this.surface.update({levels:o})}},p.update=function(t){var e,r,n,a,l=this.scene,h=l.fullSceneLayout,p=this.surface,d=c(t),m=l.dataScale,g=t.z[0].length,v=t._ylength,y=l.contourLevels;this.data=t;var x=[];for(e=0;e<3;e++)for(x[e]=[],r=0;r<g;r++)x[e][r]=[];for(r=0;r<g;r++)for(n=0;n<v;n++)x[0][r][n]=this.getXat(r,n,t.xcalendar,h.xaxis),x[1][r][n]=this.getYat(r,n,t.ycalendar,h.yaxis),x[2][r][n]=this.getZat(r,n,t.zcalendar,h.zaxis);if(t.connectgaps)for(t._emptypoints=s(x[2]),o(x[2],t._emptypoints),t._interpolatedZ=[],r=0;r<g;r++)for(t._interpolatedZ[r]=[],n=0;n<v;n++)t._interpolatedZ[r][n]=x[2][r][n];for(e=0;e<3;e++)for(r=0;r<g;r++)for(n=0;n<v;n++)null==(a=x[e][r][n])?x[e][r][n]=NaN:a=x[e][r][n]*=m[e];for(e=0;e<3;e++)for(r=0;r<g;r++)for(n=0;n<v;n++)null!=(a=x[e][r][n])&&(this.minValues[e]>a&&(this.minValues[e]=a),this.maxValues[e]<a&&(this.maxValues[e]=a));for(e=0;e<3;e++)this.objectOffset[e]=.5*(this.minValues[e]+this.maxValues[e]);for(e=0;e<3;e++)for(r=0;r<g;r++)for(n=0;n<v;n++)null!=(a=x[e][r][n])&&(x[e][r][n]-=this.objectOffset[e]);var b=[i(new Float32Array(g*v),[g,v]),i(new Float32Array(g*v),[g,v]),i(new 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n=t("../../components/annotations/attributes"),i=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat,a=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll,o=t("../../plots/font_attributes"),s=t("../../plots/domain").attributes,l=t("../../plots/cartesian/axis_format_attributes").descriptionOnlyNumbers;(e.exports=a({domain:s({name:"table",trace:!0}),columnwidth:{valType:"number",arrayOk:!0,dflt:null},columnorder:{valType:"data_array"},header:{values:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},format:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[],description:l("cell value")},prefix:{valType:"string",arrayOk:!0,dflt:null},suffix:{valType:"string",arrayOk:!0,dflt:null},height:{valType:"number",dflt:28},align:i({},n.align,{arrayOk:!0}),line:{width:{valType:"number",arrayOk:!0,dflt:1},color:{valType:"color",arrayOk:!0,dflt:"grey"}},fill:{color:{valType:"color",arrayOk:!0,dflt:"white"}},font:i({},o({arrayOk:!0}))},cells:{values:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[]},format:{valType:"data_array",dflt:[],description:l("cell 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e,r=t.slice(),n=1/0,i=0;for(e=0;e<r.length;e++)Array.isArray(r[e])||(r[e]=[r[e]]),n=Math.min(n,r[e].length),i=Math.max(i,r[e].length);if(n!==i)for(e=0;e<r.length;e++){var a=i-r[e].length;a&&(r[e]=r[e].concat(c(a)))}return r}function c(t){for(var e=new Array(t),r=0;r<t;r++)e[r]="";return e}function u(t){return t.calcdata.columns.reduce((function(e,r){return r.xIndex<t.xIndex?e+r.columnWidth:e}),0)}function f(t,e){return Object.keys(t).map((function(r){return i({},t[r],{auxiliaryBlocks:e})}))}function h(t,e){for(var r,n={},i=0,a=0,o={firstRowIndex:null,lastRowIndex:null,rows:[]},s=0,l=0,c=0;c<t.length;c++)r=t[c],o.rows.push({rowIndex:c,rowHeight:r}),((a+=r)>=e||c===t.length-1)&&(n[i]=o,o.key=l++,o.firstRowIndex=s,o.lastRowIndex=c,o={firstRowIndex:null,lastRowIndex:null,rows:[]},i+=a,s=c+1,a=0);return n}e.exports=function(t,e){var r=l(e.cells.values),p=function(t){return t.slice(e.header.values.length,t.length)},d=l(e.header.values);d.length&&!d[0].length&&(d[0]=[""],d=l(d));var 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L=Math.max(o(e.header.line.width),o(e.cells.line.width)),C={key:e.uid+t._context.staticPlot,translateX:g.x[0]*t._fullLayout._size.w,translateY:t._fullLayout._size.h*(1-g.y[1]),size:t._fullLayout._size,width:v,maxLineWidth:L,height:y,columnOrder:M,groupHeight:y,rowBlocks:k,headerRowBlocks:T,scrollY:0,cells:i({},e.cells,{values:r}),headerCells:i({},e.header,{values:m}),gdColumns:m.map((function(t){return t[0]})),gdColumnsOriginalOrder:m.map((function(t){return t[0]})),prevPages:[0,0],scrollbarState:{scrollbarScrollInProgress:!1},columns:m.map((function(t,e){var r=A[t];return A[t]=(r||0)+1,{key:t+"__"+A[t],label:t,specIndex:e,xIndex:M[e],xScale:u,x:void 0,calcdata:void 0,columnWidth:S[e]}}))};return C.columns.forEach((function(t){t.calcdata=C,t.x=u(t)})),C}},{"../../lib/extend":505,"./constants":1078,"fast-isnumeric":190}],1080:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat;r.splitToPanels=function(t){var 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n=t("./constants"),i=t("@plotly/d3"),a=t("../../lib").numberFormat,o=t("../../lib/gup"),s=t("../../components/drawing"),l=t("../../lib/svg_text_utils"),c=t("../../lib").raiseToTop,u=t("../../lib").strTranslate,f=t("../../lib").cancelTransition,h=t("./data_preparation_helper"),p=t("./data_split_helpers"),d=t("../../components/color");function m(t){return Math.ceil(t.calcdata.maxLineWidth/2)}function g(t,e){return"clip"+t._fullLayout._uid+"_scrollAreaBottomClip_"+e.key}function v(t,e){return"clip"+t._fullLayout._uid+"_columnBoundaryClippath_"+e.calcdata.key+"_"+e.specIndex}function y(t){return[].concat.apply([],t.map((function(t){return t}))).map((function(t){return t.__data__}))}function x(t,e,r){var a=t.selectAll("."+n.cn.scrollbarKit).data(o.repeat,o.keyFun);a.enter().append("g").classed(n.cn.scrollbarKit,!0).style("shape-rendering","geometricPrecision"),a.each((function(t){var e=t.scrollbarState;e.totalHeight=function(t){var e=t.rowBlocks;return D(e,e.length-1)+(e.length?R(e[e.length-1],1/0):1)}(t),e.scrollableAreaHeight=t.groupHeight-S(t),e.currentlyVisibleHeight=Math.min(e.totalHeight,e.scrollableAreaHeight),e.ratio=e.currentlyVisibleHeight/e.totalHeight,e.barLength=Math.max(e.ratio*e.currentlyVisibleHeight,n.goldenRatio*n.scrollbarWidth),e.barWiggleRoom=e.currentlyVisibleHeight-e.barLength,e.wiggleRoom=Math.max(0,e.totalHeight-e.scrollableAreaHeight),e.topY=0===e.barWiggleRoom?0:t.scrollY/e.wiggleRoom*e.barWiggleRoom,e.bottomY=e.topY+e.barLength,e.dragMultiplier=e.wiggleRoom/e.barWiggleRoom})).attr("transform",(function(t){var e=t.width+n.scrollbarWidth/2+n.scrollbarOffset;return u(e,S(t))}));var s=a.selectAll("."+n.cn.scrollbar).data(o.repeat,o.keyFun);s.enter().append("g").classed(n.cn.scrollbar,!0);var l=s.selectAll("."+n.cn.scrollbarSlider).data(o.repeat,o.keyFun);l.enter().append("g").classed(n.cn.scrollbarSlider,!0),l.attr("transform",(function(t){return u(0,t.scrollbarState.topY||0)}));var 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g=r[m],v=g.pts.map(o.extractVal),y=g.bandwidth=l(e,g,v),x=g.span=c(e,g,u,y);if(g.min===g.max&&0===y)x=g.span=[g.min,g.max],g.density=[{v:1,t:x[0]}],g.bandwidth=y,p=Math.max(p,1);else{var b=x[1]-x[0],_=Math.ceil(b/(y/3)),w=b/_;if(!isFinite(w)||!isFinite(_))return n.error("Something went wrong with computing the violin span"),r[0].t.empty=!0,r;var T=o.makeKDE(g,e,v);g.density=new Array(_);for(var k=0,A=x[0];A<x[1]+w/2;k++,A+=w){var M=T(A);g.density[k]={v:M,t:A},p=Math.max(p,M)}}d=Math.max(d,v.length),f=Math.min(f,x[0]),h=Math.max(h,x[1])}var S=i.findExtremes(u,[f,h],{padded:!0});if(e._extremes[u._id]=S,e.width)r[0].t.maxKDE=p;else{var E=s._violinScaleGroupStats,L=e.scalegroup,C=E[L];C?(C.maxKDE=Math.max(C.maxKDE,p),C.maxCount=Math.max(C.maxCount,d)):E[L]={maxKDE:p,maxCount:d}}return r[0].t.labels.kde=n._(t,"kde:"),r}},{"../../constants/numerical":491,"../../lib":515,"../../plots/cartesian/axes":566,"../box/calc":683,"./helpers":1104}],1102:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var 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n=t("../box/layout_attributes"),i=t("../../lib").extendFlat;e.exports={violinmode:i({},n.boxmode,{}),violingap:i({},n.boxgap,{}),violingroupgap:i({},n.boxgroupgap,{})}},{"../../lib":515,"../box/layout_attributes":689}],1108:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../lib"),i=t("./layout_attributes"),a=t("../box/layout_defaults");e.exports=function(t,e,r){a._supply(t,e,r,(function(r,a){return n.coerce(t,e,i,r,a)}),"violin")}},{"../../lib":515,"../box/layout_defaults":690,"./layout_attributes":1107}],1109:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("@plotly/d3"),i=t("../../lib"),a=t("../../components/drawing"),o=t("../box/plot"),s=t("../scatter/line_points"),l=t("./helpers");e.exports=function(t,e,r,c){var u=t._fullLayout,f=e.xaxis,h=e.yaxis;function p(t,e){var r=s(t,{xaxis:f,yaxis:h,trace:e,connectGaps:!0,baseTolerance:.75,shape:"spline",simplify:!0,linearized:!0});return a.smoothopen(r[0],1)}i.makeTraceGroups(c,r,"trace violins").each((function(t){var r=n.select(this),a=t[0],s=a.t,c=a.trace;if(!0!==c.visible||s.empty)r.remove();else{var d=s.bPos,m=s.bdPos,g=e[s.valLetter+"axis"],v=e[s.posLetter+"axis"],y="both"===c.side,x=y||"positive"===c.side,b=y||"negative"===c.side,_=r.selectAll("path.violin").data(i.identity);_.enter().append("path").style("vector-effect","non-scaling-stroke").attr("class","violin"),_.exit().remove(),_.each((function(t){var e,r,i,a,o,l,f,h,_=n.select(this),w=t.density,T=w.length,k=v.c2l(t.pos+d,!0),A=v.l2p(k);if(c.width)e=s.maxKDE/m;else{var M=u._violinScaleGroupStats[c.scalegroup];e="count"===c.scalemode?M.maxKDE/m*(M.maxCount/t.pts.length):M.maxKDE/m}if(x){for(f=new Array(T),o=0;o<T;o++)(h=f[o]={})[s.posLetter]=k+w[o].v/e,h[s.valLetter]=g.c2l(w[o].t,!0);r=p(f,c)}if(b){for(f=new Array(T),l=0,o=T-1;l<T;l++,o--)(h=f[l]={})[s.posLetter]=k-w[o].v/e,h[s.valLetter]=g.c2l(w[o].t,!0);i=p(f,c)}if(y)a=r+"L"+i.substr(1)+"Z";else{var S=[A,g.c2p(w[0].t)],E=[A,g.c2p(w[T-1].t)];"h"===c.orientation&&(S.reverse(),E.reverse()),a=x?"M"+S+"L"+r.substr(1)+"L"+E:"M"+E+"L"+i.substr(1)+"L"+S}_.attr("d",a),t.posCenterPx=A,t.posDensityScale=e*m,t.path=_.node(),t.pathLength=t.path.getTotalLength()/(y?2:1)}));var w,T,k,A=c.box,M=A.width,S=(A.line||{}).width;y?(w=m*M,T=0):x?(w=[0,m*M/2],T=S*{x:1,y:-1}[s.posLetter]):(w=[m*M/2,0],T=S*{x:-1,y:1}[s.posLetter]),o.plotBoxAndWhiskers(r,{pos:v,val:g},c,{bPos:d,bdPos:w,bPosPxOffset:T}),o.plotBoxMean(r,{pos:v,val:g},c,{bPos:d,bdPos:w,bPosPxOffset:T}),!c.box.visible&&c.meanline.visible&&(k=i.identity);var E=r.selectAll("path.meanline").data(k||[]);E.enter().append("path").attr("class","meanline").style("fill","none").style("vector-effect","non-scaling-stroke"),E.exit().remove(),E.each((function(t){var 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f={"stroke-width":u+"px","stroke-dasharray":2*u+"px,"+u+"px"};o.selectAll("path.mean").style(f).call(i.stroke,c.color),o.selectAll("path.meanline").style(f).call(i.stroke,c.color),a(o,r,t)}))}},{"../../components/color":367,"../scatter/style":960,"@plotly/d3":58}],1111:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("../../components/colorscale/attributes"),i=t("../isosurface/attributes"),a=t("../surface/attributes"),o=t("../../plots/attributes"),s=t("../../lib/extend").extendFlat,l=t("../../plot_api/edit_types").overrideAll,c=e.exports=l(s({x:i.x,y:i.y,z:i.z,value:i.value,isomin:i.isomin,isomax:i.isomax,surface:i.surface,spaceframe:{show:{valType:"boolean",dflt:!1},fill:{valType:"number",min:0,max:1,dflt:1}},slices:i.slices,caps:i.caps,text:i.text,hovertext:i.hovertext,xhoverformat:i.xhoverformat,yhoverformat:i.yhoverformat,zhoverformat:i.zhoverformat,valuehoverformat:i.valuehoverformat,hovertemplate:i.hovertemplate},n("",{colorAttr:"`value`",showScaleDflt:!0,editTypeOverride:"calc"}),{colorbar:i.colorbar,opacity:i.opacity,opacityscale:a.opacityscale,lightposition:i.lightposition,lighting:i.lighting,flatshading:i.flatshading,contour:i.contour,hoverinfo:s({},o.hoverinfo),showlegend:s({},o.showlegend,{dflt:!1})}),"calc","nested");c.x.editType=c.y.editType=c.z.editType=c.value.editType="calc+clearAxisTypes",c.transforms=void 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l={positions:s(n(r.xaxis,t._meshX,e.dataScale[0],t.xcalendar),n(r.yaxis,t._meshY,e.dataScale[1],t.ycalendar),n(r.zaxis,t._meshZ,e.dataScale[2],t.zcalendar)),cells:s(t._meshI,t._meshJ,t._meshK),lightPosition:[t.lightposition.x,t.lightposition.y,t.lightposition.z],ambient:t.lighting.ambient,diffuse:t.lighting.diffuse,specular:t.lighting.specular,roughness:t.lighting.roughness,fresnel:t.lighting.fresnel,vertexNormalsEpsilon:t.lighting.vertexnormalsepsilon,faceNormalsEpsilon:t.lighting.facenormalsepsilon,opacity:t.opacity,opacityscale:t.opacityscale,contourEnable:t.contour.show,contourColor:a(t.contour.color).slice(0,3),contourWidth:t.contour.width,useFacetNormals:t.flatshading},u=o(t);l.vertexIntensity=t._meshIntensity,l.vertexIntensityBounds=[u.min,u.max],l.colormap=i(t),this.mesh.update(l)},f.dispose=function(){this.scene.glplot.remove(this.mesh),this.mesh.dispose()},e.exports=function(t,e){var r=t.glplot.gl,i=n({gl:r}),a=new u(t,i,e.uid);return 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n,i,a,o=t.words,s=e.words,l=r.words,c=0,u=0|o[0],f=8191&u,h=u>>>13,p=0|o[1],d=8191&p,m=p>>>13,g=0|o[2],v=8191&g,y=g>>>13,x=0|o[3],b=8191&x,_=x>>>13,w=0|o[4],T=8191&w,k=w>>>13,A=0|o[5],M=8191&A,S=A>>>13,E=0|o[6],L=8191&E,C=E>>>13,P=0|o[7],I=8191&P,O=P>>>13,z=0|o[8],D=8191&z,R=z>>>13,F=0|o[9],B=8191&F,N=F>>>13,j=0|s[0],U=8191&j,V=j>>>13,H=0|s[1],q=8191&H,G=H>>>13,Y=0|s[2],W=8191&Y,Z=Y>>>13,X=0|s[3],J=8191&X,K=X>>>13,Q=0|s[4],$=8191&Q,tt=Q>>>13,et=0|s[5],rt=8191&et,nt=et>>>13,it=0|s[6],at=8191&it,ot=it>>>13,st=0|s[7],lt=8191&st,ct=st>>>13,ut=0|s[8],ft=8191&ut,ht=ut>>>13,pt=0|s[9],dt=8191&pt,mt=pt>>>13;r.negative=t.negative^e.negative,r.length=19;var gt=(c+(n=Math.imul(f,U))|0)+((8191&(i=(i=Math.imul(f,V))+Math.imul(h,U)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=Math.imul(h,V))+(i>>>13)|0)+(gt>>>26)|0,gt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(d,U),i=(i=Math.imul(d,V))+Math.imul(m,U)|0,a=Math.imul(m,V);var vt=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(f,q)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(f,G)|0)+Math.imul(h,q)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(h,G)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(vt>>>26)|0,vt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(v,U),i=(i=Math.imul(v,V))+Math.imul(y,U)|0,a=Math.imul(y,V),n=n+Math.imul(d,q)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(d,G)|0)+Math.imul(m,q)|0,a=a+Math.imul(m,G)|0;var yt=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(f,W)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(f,Z)|0)+Math.imul(h,W)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(h,Z)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(yt>>>26)|0,yt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(b,U),i=(i=Math.imul(b,V))+Math.imul(_,U)|0,a=Math.imul(_,V),n=n+Math.imul(v,q)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(v,G)|0)+Math.imul(y,q)|0,a=a+Math.imul(y,G)|0,n=n+Math.imul(d,W)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(d,Z)|0)+Math.imul(m,W)|0,a=a+Math.imul(m,Z)|0;var xt=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(f,J)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(f,K)|0)+Math.imul(h,J)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(h,K)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(xt>>>26)|0,xt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(T,U),i=(i=Math.imul(T,V))+Math.imul(k,U)|0,a=Math.imul(k,V),n=n+Math.imul(b,q)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(b,G)|0)+Math.imul(_,q)|0,a=a+Math.imul(_,G)|0,n=n+Math.imul(v,W)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(v,Z)|0)+Math.imul(y,W)|0,a=a+Math.imul(y,Z)|0,n=n+Math.imul(d,J)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(d,K)|0)+Math.imul(m,J)|0,a=a+Math.imul(m,K)|0;var bt=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(f,$)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(f,tt)|0)+Math.imul(h,$)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(h,tt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(bt>>>26)|0,bt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(M,U),i=(i=Math.imul(M,V))+Math.imul(S,U)|0,a=Math.imul(S,V),n=n+Math.imul(T,q)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(T,G)|0)+Math.imul(k,q)|0,a=a+Math.imul(k,G)|0,n=n+Math.imul(b,W)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(b,Z)|0)+Math.imul(_,W)|0,a=a+Math.imul(_,Z)|0,n=n+Math.imul(v,J)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(v,K)|0)+Math.imul(y,J)|0,a=a+Math.imul(y,K)|0,n=n+Math.imul(d,$)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(d,tt)|0)+Math.imul(m,$)|0,a=a+Math.imul(m,tt)|0;var _t=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(f,rt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(f,nt)|0)+Math.imul(h,rt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(h,nt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(_t>>>26)|0,_t&=67108863,n=Math.imul(L,U),i=(i=Math.imul(L,V))+Math.imul(C,U)|0,a=Math.imul(C,V),n=n+Math.imul(M,q)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(M,G)|0)+Math.imul(S,q)|0,a=a+Math.imul(S,G)|0,n=n+Math.imul(T,W)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(T,Z)|0)+Math.imul(k,W)|0,a=a+Math.imul(k,Z)|0,n=n+Math.imul(b,J)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(b,K)|0)+Math.imul(_,J)|0,a=a+Math.imul(_,K)|0,n=n+Math.imul(v,$)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(v,tt)|0)+Math.imul(y,$)|0,a=a+Math.imul(y,tt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(d,rt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(d,nt)|0)+Math.imul(m,rt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(m,nt)|0;var wt=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(f,at)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(f,ot)|0)+Math.imul(h,at)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(h,ot)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(wt>>>26)|0,wt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(I,U),i=(i=Math.imul(I,V))+Math.imul(O,U)|0,a=Math.imul(O,V),n=n+Math.imul(L,q)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(L,G)|0)+Math.imul(C,q)|0,a=a+Math.imul(C,G)|0,n=n+Math.imul(M,W)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(M,Z)|0)+Math.imul(S,W)|0,a=a+Math.imul(S,Z)|0,n=n+Math.imul(T,J)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(T,K)|0)+Math.imul(k,J)|0,a=a+Math.imul(k,K)|0,n=n+Math.imul(b,$)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(b,tt)|0)+Math.imul(_,$)|0,a=a+Math.imul(_,tt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(v,rt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(v,nt)|0)+Math.imul(y,rt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(y,nt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(d,at)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(d,ot)|0)+Math.imul(m,at)|0,a=a+Math.imul(m,ot)|0;var Tt=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(f,lt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(f,ct)|0)+Math.imul(h,lt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(h,ct)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(Tt>>>26)|0,Tt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(D,U),i=(i=Math.imul(D,V))+Math.imul(R,U)|0,a=Math.imul(R,V),n=n+Math.imul(I,q)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(I,G)|0)+Math.imul(O,q)|0,a=a+Math.imul(O,G)|0,n=n+Math.imul(L,W)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(L,Z)|0)+Math.imul(C,W)|0,a=a+Math.imul(C,Z)|0,n=n+Math.imul(M,J)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(M,K)|0)+Math.imul(S,J)|0,a=a+Math.imul(S,K)|0,n=n+Math.imul(T,$)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(T,tt)|0)+Math.imul(k,$)|0,a=a+Math.imul(k,tt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(b,rt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(b,nt)|0)+Math.imul(_,rt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(_,nt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(v,at)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(v,ot)|0)+Math.imul(y,at)|0,a=a+Math.imul(y,ot)|0,n=n+Math.imul(d,lt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(d,ct)|0)+Math.imul(m,lt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(m,ct)|0;var kt=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(f,ft)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(f,ht)|0)+Math.imul(h,ft)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(h,ht)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(kt>>>26)|0,kt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(B,U),i=(i=Math.imul(B,V))+Math.imul(N,U)|0,a=Math.imul(N,V),n=n+Math.imul(D,q)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(D,G)|0)+Math.imul(R,q)|0,a=a+Math.imul(R,G)|0,n=n+Math.imul(I,W)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(I,Z)|0)+Math.imul(O,W)|0,a=a+Math.imul(O,Z)|0,n=n+Math.imul(L,J)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(L,K)|0)+Math.imul(C,J)|0,a=a+Math.imul(C,K)|0,n=n+Math.imul(M,$)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(M,tt)|0)+Math.imul(S,$)|0,a=a+Math.imul(S,tt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(T,rt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(T,nt)|0)+Math.imul(k,rt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(k,nt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(b,at)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(b,ot)|0)+Math.imul(_,at)|0,a=a+Math.imul(_,ot)|0,n=n+Math.imul(v,lt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(v,ct)|0)+Math.imul(y,lt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(y,ct)|0,n=n+Math.imul(d,ft)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(d,ht)|0)+Math.imul(m,ft)|0,a=a+Math.imul(m,ht)|0;var At=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(f,dt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(f,mt)|0)+Math.imul(h,dt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(h,mt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(At>>>26)|0,At&=67108863,n=Math.imul(B,q),i=(i=Math.imul(B,G))+Math.imul(N,q)|0,a=Math.imul(N,G),n=n+Math.imul(D,W)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(D,Z)|0)+Math.imul(R,W)|0,a=a+Math.imul(R,Z)|0,n=n+Math.imul(I,J)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(I,K)|0)+Math.imul(O,J)|0,a=a+Math.imul(O,K)|0,n=n+Math.imul(L,$)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(L,tt)|0)+Math.imul(C,$)|0,a=a+Math.imul(C,tt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(M,rt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(M,nt)|0)+Math.imul(S,rt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(S,nt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(T,at)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(T,ot)|0)+Math.imul(k,at)|0,a=a+Math.imul(k,ot)|0,n=n+Math.imul(b,lt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(b,ct)|0)+Math.imul(_,lt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(_,ct)|0,n=n+Math.imul(v,ft)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(v,ht)|0)+Math.imul(y,ft)|0,a=a+Math.imul(y,ht)|0;var Mt=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(d,dt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(d,mt)|0)+Math.imul(m,dt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(m,mt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(Mt>>>26)|0,Mt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(B,W),i=(i=Math.imul(B,Z))+Math.imul(N,W)|0,a=Math.imul(N,Z),n=n+Math.imul(D,J)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(D,K)|0)+Math.imul(R,J)|0,a=a+Math.imul(R,K)|0,n=n+Math.imul(I,$)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(I,tt)|0)+Math.imul(O,$)|0,a=a+Math.imul(O,tt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(L,rt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(L,nt)|0)+Math.imul(C,rt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(C,nt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(M,at)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(M,ot)|0)+Math.imul(S,at)|0,a=a+Math.imul(S,ot)|0,n=n+Math.imul(T,lt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(T,ct)|0)+Math.imul(k,lt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(k,ct)|0,n=n+Math.imul(b,ft)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(b,ht)|0)+Math.imul(_,ft)|0,a=a+Math.imul(_,ht)|0;var St=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(v,dt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(v,mt)|0)+Math.imul(y,dt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(y,mt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(St>>>26)|0,St&=67108863,n=Math.imul(B,J),i=(i=Math.imul(B,K))+Math.imul(N,J)|0,a=Math.imul(N,K),n=n+Math.imul(D,$)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(D,tt)|0)+Math.imul(R,$)|0,a=a+Math.imul(R,tt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(I,rt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(I,nt)|0)+Math.imul(O,rt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(O,nt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(L,at)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(L,ot)|0)+Math.imul(C,at)|0,a=a+Math.imul(C,ot)|0,n=n+Math.imul(M,lt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(M,ct)|0)+Math.imul(S,lt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(S,ct)|0,n=n+Math.imul(T,ft)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(T,ht)|0)+Math.imul(k,ft)|0,a=a+Math.imul(k,ht)|0;var Et=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(b,dt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(b,mt)|0)+Math.imul(_,dt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(_,mt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(Et>>>26)|0,Et&=67108863,n=Math.imul(B,$),i=(i=Math.imul(B,tt))+Math.imul(N,$)|0,a=Math.imul(N,tt),n=n+Math.imul(D,rt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(D,nt)|0)+Math.imul(R,rt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(R,nt)|0,n=n+Math.imul(I,at)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(I,ot)|0)+Math.imul(O,at)|0,a=a+Math.imul(O,ot)|0,n=n+Math.imul(L,lt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(L,ct)|0)+Math.imul(C,lt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(C,ct)|0,n=n+Math.imul(M,ft)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(M,ht)|0)+Math.imul(S,ft)|0,a=a+Math.imul(S,ht)|0;var Lt=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(T,dt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(T,mt)|0)+Math.imul(k,dt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(k,mt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(Lt>>>26)|0,Lt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(B,rt),i=(i=Math.imul(B,nt))+Math.imul(N,rt)|0,a=Math.imul(N,nt),n=n+Math.imul(D,at)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(D,ot)|0)+Math.imul(R,at)|0,a=a+Math.imul(R,ot)|0,n=n+Math.imul(I,lt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(I,ct)|0)+Math.imul(O,lt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(O,ct)|0,n=n+Math.imul(L,ft)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(L,ht)|0)+Math.imul(C,ft)|0,a=a+Math.imul(C,ht)|0;var Ct=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(M,dt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(M,mt)|0)+Math.imul(S,dt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(S,mt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(Ct>>>26)|0,Ct&=67108863,n=Math.imul(B,at),i=(i=Math.imul(B,ot))+Math.imul(N,at)|0,a=Math.imul(N,ot),n=n+Math.imul(D,lt)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(D,ct)|0)+Math.imul(R,lt)|0,a=a+Math.imul(R,ct)|0,n=n+Math.imul(I,ft)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(I,ht)|0)+Math.imul(O,ft)|0,a=a+Math.imul(O,ht)|0;var Pt=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(L,dt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(L,mt)|0)+Math.imul(C,dt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(C,mt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(Pt>>>26)|0,Pt&=67108863,n=Math.imul(B,lt),i=(i=Math.imul(B,ct))+Math.imul(N,lt)|0,a=Math.imul(N,ct),n=n+Math.imul(D,ft)|0,i=(i=i+Math.imul(D,ht)|0)+Math.imul(R,ft)|0,a=a+Math.imul(R,ht)|0;var It=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(I,dt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(I,mt)|0)+Math.imul(O,dt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(O,mt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(It>>>26)|0,It&=67108863,n=Math.imul(B,ft),i=(i=Math.imul(B,ht))+Math.imul(N,ft)|0,a=Math.imul(N,ht);var Ot=(c+(n=n+Math.imul(D,dt)|0)|0)+((8191&(i=(i=i+Math.imul(D,mt)|0)+Math.imul(R,dt)|0))<<13)|0;c=((a=a+Math.imul(R,mt)|0)+(i>>>13)|0)+(Ot>>>26)|0,Ot&=67108863;var zt=(c+(n=Math.imul(B,dt))|0)+((8191&(i=(i=Math.imul(B,mt))+Math.imul(N,dt)|0))<<13)|0;return c=((a=Math.imul(N,mt))+(i>>>13)|0)+(zt>>>26)|0,zt&=67108863,l[0]=gt,l[1]=vt,l[2]=yt,l[3]=xt,l[4]=bt,l[5]=_t,l[6]=wt,l[7]=Tt,l[8]=kt,l[9]=At,l[10]=Mt,l[11]=St,l[12]=Et,l[13]=Lt,l[14]=Ct,l[15]=Pt,l[16]=It,l[17]=Ot,l[18]=zt,0!==c&&(l[19]=c,r.length++),r};function m(t,e,r){return(new g).mulp(t,e,r)}function g(t,e){this.x=t,this.y=e}Math.imul||(d=p),a.prototype.mulTo=function(t,e){var r=this.length+t.length;return 10===this.length&&10===t.length?d(this,t,e):r<63?p(this,t,e):r<1024?function(t,e,r){r.negative=e.negative^t.negative,r.length=t.length+e.length;for(var n=0,i=0,a=0;a<r.length-1;a++){var o=i;i=0;for(var s=67108863&n,l=Math.min(a,e.length-1),c=Math.max(0,a-t.length+1);c<=l;c++){var u=a-c,f=(0|t.words[u])*(0|e.words[c]),h=67108863&f;s=67108863&(h=h+s|0),i+=(o=(o=o+(f/67108864|0)|0)+(h>>>26)|0)>>>26,o&=67108863}r.words[a]=s,n=o,o=i}return 0!==n?r.words[a]=n:r.length--,r.strip()}(this,t,e):m(this,t,e)},g.prototype.makeRBT=function(t){for(var e=new Array(t),r=a.prototype._countBits(t)-1,n=0;n<t;n++)e[n]=this.revBin(n,r,t);return e},g.prototype.revBin=function(t,e,r){if(0===t||t===r-1)return t;for(var n=0,i=0;i<e;i++)n|=(1&t)<<e-i-1,t>>=1;return n},g.prototype.permute=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){for(var o=0;o<a;o++)n[o]=e[t[o]],i[o]=r[t[o]]},g.prototype.transform=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){this.permute(a,t,e,r,n,i);for(var o=1;o<i;o<<=1)for(var s=o<<1,l=Math.cos(2*Math.PI/s),c=Math.sin(2*Math.PI/s),u=0;u<i;u+=s)for(var f=l,h=c,p=0;p<o;p++){var d=r[u+p],m=n[u+p],g=r[u+p+o],v=n[u+p+o],y=f*g-h*v;v=f*v+h*g,g=y,r[u+p]=d+g,n[u+p]=m+v,r[u+p+o]=d-g,n[u+p+o]=m-v,p!==s&&(y=l*f-c*h,h=l*h+c*f,f=y)}},g.prototype.guessLen13b=function(t,e){var r=1|Math.max(e,t),n=1&r,i=0;for(r=r/2|0;r;r>>>=1)i++;return 1<<i+1+n},g.prototype.conjugate=function(t,e,r){if(!(r<=1))for(var n=0;n<r/2;n++){var i=t[n];t[n]=t[r-n-1],t[r-n-1]=i,i=e[n],e[n]=-e[r-n-1],e[r-n-1]=-i}},g.prototype.normalize13b=function(t,e){for(var r=0,n=0;n<e/2;n++){var i=8192*Math.round(t[2*n+1]/e)+Math.round(t[2*n]/e)+r;t[n]=67108863&i,r=i<67108864?0:i/67108864|0}return t},g.prototype.convert13b=function(t,e,r,i){for(var a=0,o=0;o<e;o++)a+=0|t[o],r[2*o]=8191&a,a>>>=13,r[2*o+1]=8191&a,a>>>=13;for(o=2*e;o<i;++o)r[o]=0;n(0===a),n(0==(-8192&a))},g.prototype.stub=function(t){for(var e=new Array(t),r=0;r<t;r++)e[r]=0;return e},g.prototype.mulp=function(t,e,r){var n=2*this.guessLen13b(t.length,e.length),i=this.makeRBT(n),a=this.stub(n),o=new Array(n),s=new Array(n),l=new Array(n),c=new Array(n),u=new Array(n),f=new Array(n),h=r.words;h.length=n,this.convert13b(t.words,t.length,o,n),this.convert13b(e.words,e.length,c,n),this.transform(o,a,s,l,n,i),this.transform(c,a,u,f,n,i);for(var p=0;p<n;p++){var d=s[p]*u[p]-l[p]*f[p];l[p]=s[p]*f[p]+l[p]*u[p],s[p]=d}return this.conjugate(s,l,n),this.transform(s,l,h,a,n,i),this.conjugate(h,a,n),this.normalize13b(h,n),r.negative=t.negative^e.negative,r.length=t.length+e.length,r.strip()},a.prototype.mul=function(t){var e=new a(null);return e.words=new Array(this.length+t.length),this.mulTo(t,e)},a.prototype.mulf=function(t){var e=new a(null);return e.words=new Array(this.length+t.length),m(this,t,e)},a.prototype.imul=function(t){return this.clone().mulTo(t,this)},a.prototype.imuln=function(t){n("number"==typeof t),n(t<67108864);for(var e=0,r=0;r<this.length;r++){var i=(0|this.words[r])*t,a=(67108863&i)+(67108863&e);e>>=26,e+=i/67108864|0,e+=a>>>26,this.words[r]=67108863&a}return 0!==e&&(this.words[r]=e,this.length++),this},a.prototype.muln=function(t){return this.clone().imuln(t)},a.prototype.sqr=function(){return this.mul(this)},a.prototype.isqr=function(){return this.imul(this.clone())},a.prototype.pow=function(t){var e=function(t){for(var e=new Array(t.bitLength()),r=0;r<e.length;r++){var n=r/26|0,i=r%26;e[r]=(t.words[n]&1<<i)>>>i}return e}(t);if(0===e.length)return new a(1);for(var r=this,n=0;n<e.length&&0===e[n];n++,r=r.sqr());if(++n<e.length)for(var i=r.sqr();n<e.length;n++,i=i.sqr())0!==e[n]&&(r=r.mul(i));return r},a.prototype.iushln=function(t){n("number"==typeof t&&t>=0);var e,r=t%26,i=(t-r)/26,a=67108863>>>26-r<<26-r;if(0!==r){var o=0;for(e=0;e<this.length;e++){var s=this.words[e]&a,l=(0|this.words[e])-s<<r;this.words[e]=l|o,o=s>>>26-r}o&&(this.words[e]=o,this.length++)}if(0!==i){for(e=this.length-1;e>=0;e--)this.words[e+i]=this.words[e];for(e=0;e<i;e++)this.words[e]=0;this.length+=i}return this.strip()},a.prototype.ishln=function(t){return n(0===this.negative),this.iushln(t)},a.prototype.iushrn=function(t,e,r){var i;n("number"==typeof t&&t>=0),i=e?(e-e%26)/26:0;var a=t%26,o=Math.min((t-a)/26,this.length),s=67108863^67108863>>>a<<a,l=r;if(i-=o,i=Math.max(0,i),l){for(var c=0;c<o;c++)l.words[c]=this.words[c];l.length=o}if(0===o);else if(this.length>o)for(this.length-=o,c=0;c<this.length;c++)this.words[c]=this.words[c+o];else this.words[0]=0,this.length=1;var u=0;for(c=this.length-1;c>=0&&(0!==u||c>=i);c--){var f=0|this.words[c];this.words[c]=u<<26-a|f>>>a,u=f&s}return l&&0!==u&&(l.words[l.length++]=u),0===this.length&&(this.words[0]=0,this.length=1),this.strip()},a.prototype.ishrn=function(t,e,r){return n(0===this.negative),this.iushrn(t,e,r)},a.prototype.shln=function(t){return this.clone().ishln(t)},a.prototype.ushln=function(t){return this.clone().iushln(t)},a.prototype.shrn=function(t){return this.clone().ishrn(t)},a.prototype.ushrn=function(t){return this.clone().iushrn(t)},a.prototype.testn=function(t){n("number"==typeof t&&t>=0);var e=t%26,r=(t-e)/26,i=1<<e;return!(this.length<=r)&&!!(this.words[r]&i)},a.prototype.imaskn=function(t){n("number"==typeof t&&t>=0);var e=t%26,r=(t-e)/26;if(n(0===this.negative,"imaskn works only with positive numbers"),this.length<=r)return this;if(0!==e&&r++,this.length=Math.min(r,this.length),0!==e){var i=67108863^67108863>>>e<<e;this.words[this.length-1]&=i}return this.strip()},a.prototype.maskn=function(t){return this.clone().imaskn(t)},a.prototype.iaddn=function(t){return n("number"==typeof t),n(t<67108864),t<0?this.isubn(-t):0!==this.negative?1===this.length&&(0|this.words[0])<t?(this.words[0]=t-(0|this.words[0]),this.negative=0,this):(this.negative=0,this.isubn(t),this.negative=1,this):this._iaddn(t)},a.prototype._iaddn=function(t){this.words[0]+=t;for(var e=0;e<this.length&&this.words[e]>=67108864;e++)this.words[e]-=67108864,e===this.length-1?this.words[e+1]=1:this.words[e+1]++;return this.length=Math.max(this.length,e+1),this},a.prototype.isubn=function(t){if(n("number"==typeof t),n(t<67108864),t<0)return this.iaddn(-t);if(0!==this.negative)return this.negative=0,this.iaddn(t),this.negative=1,this;if(this.words[0]-=t,1===this.length&&this.words[0]<0)this.words[0]=-this.words[0],this.negative=1;else for(var e=0;e<this.length&&this.words[e]<0;e++)this.words[e]+=67108864,this.words[e+1]-=1;return this.strip()},a.prototype.addn=function(t){return this.clone().iaddn(t)},a.prototype.subn=function(t){return this.clone().isubn(t)},a.prototype.iabs=function(){return this.negative=0,this},a.prototype.abs=function(){return this.clone().iabs()},a.prototype._ishlnsubmul=function(t,e,r){var i,a,o=t.length+r;this._expand(o);var s=0;for(i=0;i<t.length;i++){a=(0|this.words[i+r])+s;var l=(0|t.words[i])*e;s=((a-=67108863&l)>>26)-(l/67108864|0),this.words[i+r]=67108863&a}for(;i<this.length-r;i++)s=(a=(0|this.words[i+r])+s)>>26,this.words[i+r]=67108863&a;if(0===s)return this.strip();for(n(-1===s),s=0,i=0;i<this.length;i++)s=(a=-(0|this.words[i])+s)>>26,this.words[i]=67108863&a;return this.negative=1,this.strip()},a.prototype._wordDiv=function(t,e){var r=(this.length,t.length),n=this.clone(),i=t,o=0|i.words[i.length-1];0!==(r=26-this._countBits(o))&&(i=i.ushln(r),n.iushln(r),o=0|i.words[i.length-1]);var s,l=n.length-i.length;if("mod"!==e){(s=new a(null)).length=l+1,s.words=new Array(s.length);for(var c=0;c<s.length;c++)s.words[c]=0}var u=n.clone()._ishlnsubmul(i,1,l);0===u.negative&&(n=u,s&&(s.words[l]=1));for(var f=l-1;f>=0;f--){var h=67108864*(0|n.words[i.length+f])+(0|n.words[i.length+f-1]);for(h=Math.min(h/o|0,67108863),n._ishlnsubmul(i,h,f);0!==n.negative;)h--,n.negative=0,n._ishlnsubmul(i,1,f),n.isZero()||(n.negative^=1);s&&(s.words[f]=h)}return s&&s.strip(),n.strip(),"div"!==e&&0!==r&&n.iushrn(r),{div:s||null,mod:n}},a.prototype.divmod=function(t,e,r){return n(!t.isZero()),this.isZero()?{div:new a(0),mod:new a(0)}:0!==this.negative&&0===t.negative?(s=this.neg().divmod(t,e),"mod"!==e&&(i=s.div.neg()),"div"!==e&&(o=s.mod.neg(),r&&0!==o.negative&&o.iadd(t)),{div:i,mod:o}):0===this.negative&&0!==t.negative?(s=this.divmod(t.neg(),e),"mod"!==e&&(i=s.div.neg()),{div:i,mod:s.mod}):0!=(this.negative&t.negative)?(s=this.neg().divmod(t.neg(),e),"div"!==e&&(o=s.mod.neg(),r&&0!==o.negative&&o.isub(t)),{div:s.div,mod:o}):t.length>this.length||this.cmp(t)<0?{div:new a(0),mod:this}:1===t.length?"div"===e?{div:this.divn(t.words[0]),mod:null}:"mod"===e?{div:null,mod:new a(this.modn(t.words[0]))}:{div:this.divn(t.words[0]),mod:new a(this.modn(t.words[0]))}:this._wordDiv(t,e);var i,o,s},a.prototype.div=function(t){return this.divmod(t,"div",!1).div},a.prototype.mod=function(t){return this.divmod(t,"mod",!1).mod},a.prototype.umod=function(t){return this.divmod(t,"mod",!0).mod},a.prototype.divRound=function(t){var e=this.divmod(t);if(e.mod.isZero())return e.div;var r=0!==e.div.negative?e.mod.isub(t):e.mod,n=t.ushrn(1),i=t.andln(1),a=r.cmp(n);return a<0||1===i&&0===a?e.div:0!==e.div.negative?e.div.isubn(1):e.div.iaddn(1)},a.prototype.modn=function(t){n(t<=67108863);for(var e=(1<<26)%t,r=0,i=this.length-1;i>=0;i--)r=(e*r+(0|this.words[i]))%t;return r},a.prototype.idivn=function(t){n(t<=67108863);for(var e=0,r=this.length-1;r>=0;r--){var i=(0|this.words[r])+67108864*e;this.words[r]=i/t|0,e=i%t}return this.strip()},a.prototype.divn=function(t){return this.clone().idivn(t)},a.prototype.egcd=function(t){n(0===t.negative),n(!t.isZero());var e=this,r=t.clone();e=0!==e.negative?e.umod(t):e.clone();for(var i=new a(1),o=new a(0),s=new a(0),l=new a(1),c=0;e.isEven()&&r.isEven();)e.iushrn(1),r.iushrn(1),++c;for(var u=r.clone(),f=e.clone();!e.isZero();){for(var h=0,p=1;0==(e.words[0]&p)&&h<26;++h,p<<=1);if(h>0)for(e.iushrn(h);h-- >0;)(i.isOdd()||o.isOdd())&&(i.iadd(u),o.isub(f)),i.iushrn(1),o.iushrn(1);for(var d=0,m=1;0==(r.words[0]&m)&&d<26;++d,m<<=1);if(d>0)for(r.iushrn(d);d-- >0;)(s.isOdd()||l.isOdd())&&(s.iadd(u),l.isub(f)),s.iushrn(1),l.iushrn(1);e.cmp(r)>=0?(e.isub(r),i.isub(s),o.isub(l)):(r.isub(e),s.isub(i),l.isub(o))}return{a:s,b:l,gcd:r.iushln(c)}},a.prototype._invmp=function(t){n(0===t.negative),n(!t.isZero());var e=this,r=t.clone();e=0!==e.negative?e.umod(t):e.clone();for(var i,o=new a(1),s=new a(0),l=r.clone();e.cmpn(1)>0&&r.cmpn(1)>0;){for(var c=0,u=1;0==(e.words[0]&u)&&c<26;++c,u<<=1);if(c>0)for(e.iushrn(c);c-- >0;)o.isOdd()&&o.iadd(l),o.iushrn(1);for(var f=0,h=1;0==(r.words[0]&h)&&f<26;++f,h<<=1);if(f>0)for(r.iushrn(f);f-- >0;)s.isOdd()&&s.iadd(l),s.iushrn(1);e.cmp(r)>=0?(e.isub(r),o.isub(s)):(r.isub(e),s.isub(o))}return(i=0===e.cmpn(1)?o:s).cmpn(0)<0&&i.iadd(t),i},a.prototype.gcd=function(t){if(this.isZero())return t.abs();if(t.isZero())return this.abs();var e=this.clone(),r=t.clone();e.negative=0,r.negative=0;for(var n=0;e.isEven()&&r.isEven();n++)e.iushrn(1),r.iushrn(1);for(;;){for(;e.isEven();)e.iushrn(1);for(;r.isEven();)r.iushrn(1);var i=e.cmp(r);if(i<0){var a=e;e=r,r=a}else if(0===i||0===r.cmpn(1))break;e.isub(r)}return r.iushln(n)},a.prototype.invm=function(t){return this.egcd(t).a.umod(t)},a.prototype.isEven=function(){return 0==(1&this.words[0])},a.prototype.isOdd=function(){return 1==(1&this.words[0])},a.prototype.andln=function(t){return this.words[0]&t},a.prototype.bincn=function(t){n("number"==typeof t);var e=t%26,r=(t-e)/26,i=1<<e;if(this.length<=r)return this._expand(r+1),this.words[r]|=i,this;for(var a=i,o=r;0!==a&&o<this.length;o++){var s=0|this.words[o];a=(s+=a)>>>26,s&=67108863,this.words[o]=s}return 0!==a&&(this.words[o]=a,this.length++),this},a.prototype.isZero=function(){return 1===this.length&&0===this.words[0]},a.prototype.cmpn=function(t){var e,r=t<0;if(0!==this.negative&&!r)return-1;if(0===this.negative&&r)return 1;if(this.strip(),this.length>1)e=1;else{r&&(t=-t),n(t<=67108863,"Number is too big");var i=0|this.words[0];e=i===t?0:i<t?-1:1}return 0!==this.negative?0|-e:e},a.prototype.cmp=function(t){if(0!==this.negative&&0===t.negative)return-1;if(0===this.negative&&0!==t.negative)return 1;var e=this.ucmp(t);return 0!==this.negative?0|-e:e},a.prototype.ucmp=function(t){if(this.length>t.length)return 1;if(this.length<t.length)return-1;for(var e=0,r=this.length-1;r>=0;r--){var n=0|this.words[r],i=0|t.words[r];if(n!==i){n<i?e=-1:n>i&&(e=1);break}}return e},a.prototype.gtn=function(t){return 1===this.cmpn(t)},a.prototype.gt=function(t){return 1===this.cmp(t)},a.prototype.gten=function(t){return this.cmpn(t)>=0},a.prototype.gte=function(t){return this.cmp(t)>=0},a.prototype.ltn=function(t){return-1===this.cmpn(t)},a.prototype.lt=function(t){return-1===this.cmp(t)},a.prototype.lten=function(t){return this.cmpn(t)<=0},a.prototype.lte=function(t){return this.cmp(t)<=0},a.prototype.eqn=function(t){return 0===this.cmpn(t)},a.prototype.eq=function(t){return 0===this.cmp(t)},a.red=function(t){return new T(t)},a.prototype.toRed=function(t){return n(!this.red,"Already a number in reduction context"),n(0===this.negative,"red works only with positives"),t.convertTo(this)._forceRed(t)},a.prototype.fromRed=function(){return n(this.red,"fromRed works only with numbers in reduction context"),this.red.convertFrom(this)},a.prototype._forceRed=function(t){return this.red=t,this},a.prototype.forceRed=function(t){return n(!this.red,"Already a number in reduction 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t.isZero()?t.clone():this.m.sub(t)._forceRed(this)},T.prototype.add=function(t,e){this._verify2(t,e);var r=t.add(e);return r.cmp(this.m)>=0&&r.isub(this.m),r._forceRed(this)},T.prototype.iadd=function(t,e){this._verify2(t,e);var r=t.iadd(e);return r.cmp(this.m)>=0&&r.isub(this.m),r},T.prototype.sub=function(t,e){this._verify2(t,e);var r=t.sub(e);return r.cmpn(0)<0&&r.iadd(this.m),r._forceRed(this)},T.prototype.isub=function(t,e){this._verify2(t,e);var r=t.isub(e);return r.cmpn(0)<0&&r.iadd(this.m),r},T.prototype.shl=function(t,e){return this._verify1(t),this.imod(t.ushln(e))},T.prototype.imul=function(t,e){return this._verify2(t,e),this.imod(t.imul(e))},T.prototype.mul=function(t,e){return this._verify2(t,e),this.imod(t.mul(e))},T.prototype.isqr=function(t){return this.imul(t,t.clone())},T.prototype.sqr=function(t){return this.mul(t,t)},T.prototype.sqrt=function(t){if(t.isZero())return t.clone();var e=this.m.andln(3);if(n(e%2==1),3===e){var r=this.m.add(new a(1)).iushrn(2);return 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r=0;r<t;++r)if(!(e[r]<=e[r+t]))return!0;return!1}function l(t,e,r,n){for(var i=0,a=0,o=0,l=t.length;o<l;++o){var c=t[o];if(!s(e,c)){for(var u=0;u<2*e;++u)r[i++]=c[u];n[a++]=o}}return a}function c(t,e,r,n){var s=t.length,c=e.length;if(!(s<=0||c<=0)){var u=t[0].length>>>1;if(!(u<=0)){var f,h=i.mallocDouble(2*u*s),p=i.mallocInt32(s);if((s=l(t,u,h,p))>0){if(1===u&&n)a.init(s),f=a.sweepComplete(u,r,0,s,h,p,0,s,h,p);else{var d=i.mallocDouble(2*u*c),m=i.mallocInt32(c);(c=l(e,u,d,m))>0&&(a.init(s+c),f=1===u?a.sweepBipartite(u,r,0,s,h,p,0,c,d,m):o(u,r,n,s,h,p,c,d,m),i.free(d),i.free(m))}i.free(h),i.free(p)}return f}}}function u(t,e){n.push([t,e])}function f(t){return n=[],c(t,t,u,!0),n}function h(t,e){return n=[],c(t,e,u,!1),n}},{"./lib/intersect":37,"./lib/sweep":41,"typedarray-pool":308}],36:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";function n(t){return t?function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u){return i-n>l-s?function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u){for(var f=2*t,h=n,p=f*n;h<i;++h,p+=f){var 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f=e[e.length-2];f.left===r?f.left=null:f.right===r&&(f.right=null),e.pop();for(l=0;l<e.length;++l)e[l]._count--;return new s(this.tree._compare,e[0])}if(r.left||r.right){r.left?d(r,r.left):r.right&&d(r,r.right),r._color=1;for(l=0;l<e.length-1;++l)e[l]._count--;return new s(this.tree._compare,e[0])}if(1===e.length)return new s(this.tree._compare,null);for(l=0;l<e.length;++l)e[l]._count--;var h=e[e.length-2];return function(t){for(var e,r,n,s,l=t.length-1;l>=0;--l){if(e=t[l],0===l)return void(e._color=1);if((r=t[l-1]).left===e){if((n=r.right).right&&0===n.right._color){if(s=(n=r.right=i(n)).right=i(n.right),r.right=n.left,n.left=r,n.right=s,n._color=r._color,e._color=1,r._color=1,s._color=1,o(r),o(n),l>1)(c=t[l-2]).left===r?c.left=n:c.right=n;return void(t[l-1]=n)}if(n.left&&0===n.left._color){if(s=(n=r.right=i(n)).left=i(n.left),r.right=s.left,n.left=s.right,s.left=r,s.right=n,s._color=r._color,r._color=1,n._color=1,e._color=1,o(r),o(n),o(s),l>1)(c=t[l-2]).left===r?c.left=s:c.right=s;return void(t[l-1]=s)}if(1===n._color){if(0===r._color)return r._color=1,void(r.right=a(0,n));r.right=a(0,n);continue}n=i(n),r.right=n.left,n.left=r,n._color=r._color,r._color=0,o(r),o(n),l>1&&((c=t[l-2]).left===r?c.left=n:c.right=n),t[l-1]=n,t[l]=r,l+1<t.length?t[l+1]=e:t.push(e),l+=2}else{if((n=r.left).left&&0===n.left._color){if(s=(n=r.left=i(n)).left=i(n.left),r.left=n.right,n.right=r,n.left=s,n._color=r._color,e._color=1,r._color=1,s._color=1,o(r),o(n),l>1)(c=t[l-2]).right===r?c.right=n:c.left=n;return void(t[l-1]=n)}if(n.right&&0===n.right._color){if(s=(n=r.left=i(n)).right=i(n.right),r.left=s.right,n.right=s.left,s.right=r,s.left=n,s._color=r._color,r._color=1,n._color=1,e._color=1,o(r),o(n),o(s),l>1)(c=t[l-2]).right===r?c.right=s:c.left=s;return void(t[l-1]=s)}if(1===n._color){if(0===r._color)return r._color=1,void(r.left=a(0,n));r.left=a(0,n);continue}var c;n=i(n),r.left=n.right,n.right=r,n._color=r._color,r._color=0,o(r),o(n),l>1&&((c=t[l-2]).right===r?c.right=n:c.left=n),t[l-1]=n,t[l]=r,l+1<t.length?t[l+1]=e:t.push(e),l+=2}}}(e),h.left===r?h.left=null:h.right=null,new s(this.tree._compare,e[0])},Object.defineProperty(p,"key",{get:function(){if(this._stack.length>0)return this._stack[this._stack.length-1].key},enumerable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(p,"value",{get:function(){if(this._stack.length>0)return this._stack[this._stack.length-1].value},enumerable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(p,"index",{get:function(){var t=0,e=this._stack;if(0===e.length){var r=this.tree.root;return r?r._count:0}e[e.length-1].left&&(t=e[e.length-1].left._count);for(var n=e.length-2;n>=0;--n)e[n+1]===e[n].right&&(++t,e[n].left&&(t+=e[n].left._count));return t},enumerable:!0}),p.next=function(){var t=this._stack;if(0!==t.length){var e=t[t.length-1];if(e.right)for(e=e.right;e;)t.push(e),e=e.left;else for(t.pop();t.length>0&&t[t.length-1].right===e;)e=t[t.length-1],t.pop()}},Object.defineProperty(p,"hasNext",{get:function(){var t=this._stack;if(0===t.length)return!1;if(t[t.length-1].right)return!0;for(var e=t.length-1;e>0;--e)if(t[e-1].left===t[e])return!0;return!1}}),p.update=function(t){var e=this._stack;if(0===e.length)throw new Error("Can't update empty node!");var r=new Array(e.length),i=e[e.length-1];r[r.length-1]=new n(i._color,i.key,t,i.left,i.right,i._count);for(var a=e.length-2;a>=0;--a)(i=e[a]).left===e[a+1]?r[a]=new n(i._color,i.key,i.value,r[a+1],i.right,i._count):r[a]=new n(i._color,i.key,i.value,i.left,r[a+1],i._count);return new s(this.tree._compare,r[0])},p.prev=function(){var t=this._stack;if(0!==t.length){var e=t[t.length-1];if(e.left)for(e=e.left;e;)t.push(e),e=e.right;else for(t.pop();t.length>0&&t[t.length-1].left===e;)e=t[t.length-1],t.pop()}},Object.defineProperty(p,"hasPrev",{get:function(){var t=this._stack;if(0===t.length)return!1;if(t[t.length-1].left)return!0;for(var e=t.length-1;e>0;--e)if(t[e-1].right===t[e])return!0;return!1}})},{}],70:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e){var r=new u(t);return r.update(e),r};var n=t("./lib/text.js"),i=t("./lib/lines.js"),a=t("./lib/background.js"),o=t("./lib/cube.js"),s=t("./lib/ticks.js"),l=new Float32Array([1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1]);function c(t,e){return t[0]=e[0],t[1]=e[1],t[2]=e[2],t}function u(t){this.gl=t,this.pixelRatio=1,this.bounds=[[-10,-10,-10],[10,10,10]],this.ticks=[[],[],[]],this.autoTicks=!0,this.tickSpacing=[1,1,1],this.tickEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.tickFont=["sans-serif","sans-serif","sans-serif"],this.tickSize=[12,12,12],this.tickAngle=[0,0,0],this.tickAlign=["auto","auto","auto"],this.tickColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.tickPad=[10,10,10],this.lastCubeProps={cubeEdges:[0,0,0],axis:[0,0,0]},this.labels=["x","y","z"],this.labelEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.labelFont="sans-serif",this.labelSize=[20,20,20],this.labelAngle=[0,0,0],this.labelAlign=["auto","auto","auto"],this.labelColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.labelPad=[10,10,10],this.lineEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.lineMirror=[!1,!1,!1],this.lineWidth=[1,1,1],this.lineColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.lineTickEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.lineTickMirror=[!1,!1,!1],this.lineTickLength=[0,0,0],this.lineTickWidth=[1,1,1],this.lineTickColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.gridEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.gridWidth=[1,1,1],this.gridColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.zeroEnable=[!0,!0,!0],this.zeroLineColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.zeroLineWidth=[2,2,2],this.backgroundEnable=[!1,!1,!1],this.backgroundColor=[[.8,.8,.8,.5],[.8,.8,.8,.5],[.8,.8,.8,.5]],this._firstInit=!0,this._text=null,this._lines=null,this._background=a(t)}var f=u.prototype;function h(){this.primalOffset=[0,0,0],this.primalMinor=[0,0,0],this.mirrorOffset=[0,0,0],this.mirrorMinor=[0,0,0]}f.update=function(t){function e(e,r,n){if(n in t){var i,a=t[n],o=this[n];(e?Array.isArray(a)&&Array.isArray(a[0]):Array.isArray(a))?this[n]=i=[r(a[0]),r(a[1]),r(a[2])]:this[n]=i=[r(a),r(a),r(a)];for(var s=0;s<3;++s)if(i[s]!==o[s])return!0}return!1}t=t||{};var r,a=e.bind(this,!1,Number),o=e.bind(this,!1,Boolean),l=e.bind(this,!1,String),c=e.bind(this,!0,(function(t){if(Array.isArray(t)){if(3===t.length)return[+t[0],+t[1],+t[2],1];if(4===t.length)return[+t[0],+t[1],+t[2],+t[3]]}return[0,0,0,1]})),u=!1,f=!1;if("bounds"in t)for(var h=t.bounds,p=0;p<2;++p)for(var d=0;d<3;++d)h[p][d]!==this.bounds[p][d]&&(f=!0),this.bounds[p][d]=h[p][d];if("ticks"in t){r=t.ticks,u=!0,this.autoTicks=!1;for(p=0;p<3;++p)this.tickSpacing[p]=0}else a("tickSpacing")&&(this.autoTicks=!0,f=!0);if(this._firstInit&&("ticks"in t||"tickSpacing"in t||(this.autoTicks=!0),f=!0,u=!0,this._firstInit=!1),f&&this.autoTicks&&(r=s.create(this.bounds,this.tickSpacing),u=!0),u){for(p=0;p<3;++p)r[p].sort((function(t,e){return t.x-e.x}));s.equal(r,this.ticks)?u=!1:this.ticks=r}o("tickEnable"),l("tickFont")&&(u=!0),a("tickSize"),a("tickAngle"),a("tickPad"),c("tickColor");var m=l("labels");l("labelFont")&&(m=!0),o("labelEnable"),a("labelSize"),a("labelPad"),c("labelColor"),o("lineEnable"),o("lineMirror"),a("lineWidth"),c("lineColor"),o("lineTickEnable"),o("lineTickMirror"),a("lineTickLength"),a("lineTickWidth"),c("lineTickColor"),o("gridEnable"),a("gridWidth"),c("gridColor"),o("zeroEnable"),c("zeroLineColor"),a("zeroLineWidth"),o("backgroundEnable"),c("backgroundColor"),this._text?this._text&&(m||u)&&this._text.update(this.bounds,this.labels,this.labelFont,this.ticks,this.tickFont):this._text=n(this.gl,this.bounds,this.labels,this.labelFont,this.ticks,this.tickFont),this._lines&&u&&(this._lines.dispose(),this._lines=null),this._lines||(this._lines=i(this.gl,this.bounds,this.ticks))};var p=[new h,new h,new h];function d(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a=t.primalOffset,o=t.primalMinor,s=t.mirrorOffset,l=t.mirrorMinor,c=n[e],u=0;u<3;++u)if(e!==u){var f=a,h=s,p=o,d=l;c&1<<u&&(f=s,h=a,p=l,d=o),f[u]=r[0][u],h[u]=r[1][u],i[u]>0?(p[u]=-1,d[u]=0):(p[u]=0,d[u]=1)}}var m=[0,0,0],g={model:l,view:l,projection:l,_ortho:!1};f.isOpaque=function(){return!0},f.isTransparent=function(){return!1},f.drawTransparent=function(t){};var v=[0,0,0],y=[0,0,0],x=[0,0,0];f.draw=function(t){t=t||g;for(var e=this.gl,r=t.model||l,n=t.view||l,i=t.projection||l,a=this.bounds,s=t._ortho||!1,u=o(r,n,i,a,s),f=u.cubeEdges,h=u.axis,b=n[12],_=n[13],w=n[14],T=n[15],k=(s?2:1)*this.pixelRatio*(i[3]*b+i[7]*_+i[11]*w+i[15]*T)/e.drawingBufferHeight,A=0;A<3;++A)this.lastCubeProps.cubeEdges[A]=f[A],this.lastCubeProps.axis[A]=h[A];var M=p;for(A=0;A<3;++A)d(p[A],A,this.bounds,f,h);e=this.gl;var S,E=m;for(A=0;A<3;++A)this.backgroundEnable[A]?E[A]=h[A]:E[A]=0;this._background.draw(r,n,i,a,E,this.backgroundColor),this._lines.bind(r,n,i,this);for(A=0;A<3;++A){var L=[0,0,0];h[A]>0?L[A]=a[1][A]:L[A]=a[0][A];for(var C=0;C<2;++C){var P=(A+1+C)%3,I=(A+1+(1^C))%3;this.gridEnable[P]&&this._lines.drawGrid(P,I,this.bounds,L,this.gridColor[P],this.gridWidth[P]*this.pixelRatio)}for(C=0;C<2;++C){P=(A+1+C)%3,I=(A+1+(1^C))%3;this.zeroEnable[I]&&Math.min(a[0][I],a[1][I])<=0&&Math.max(a[0][I],a[1][I])>=0&&this._lines.drawZero(P,I,this.bounds,L,this.zeroLineColor[I],this.zeroLineWidth[I]*this.pixelRatio)}}for(A=0;A<3;++A){this.lineEnable[A]&&this._lines.drawAxisLine(A,this.bounds,M[A].primalOffset,this.lineColor[A],this.lineWidth[A]*this.pixelRatio),this.lineMirror[A]&&this._lines.drawAxisLine(A,this.bounds,M[A].mirrorOffset,this.lineColor[A],this.lineWidth[A]*this.pixelRatio);var O=c(v,M[A].primalMinor),z=c(y,M[A].mirrorMinor),D=this.lineTickLength;for(C=0;C<3;++C){var R=k/r[5*C];O[C]*=D[C]*R,z[C]*=D[C]*R}this.lineTickEnable[A]&&this._lines.drawAxisTicks(A,M[A].primalOffset,O,this.lineTickColor[A],this.lineTickWidth[A]*this.pixelRatio),this.lineTickMirror[A]&&this._lines.drawAxisTicks(A,M[A].mirrorOffset,z,this.lineTickColor[A],this.lineTickWidth[A]*this.pixelRatio)}this._lines.unbind(),this._text.bind(r,n,i,this.pixelRatio);var F,B;function N(t){(B=[0,0,0])[t]=1}function j(t,e,r){var n=(t+1)%3,i=(t+2)%3,a=e[n],o=e[i],s=r[n],l=r[i];a>0&&l>0||a>0&&l<0||a<0&&l>0||a<0&&l<0?N(n):(o>0&&s>0||o>0&&s<0||o<0&&s>0||o<0&&s<0)&&N(i)}for(A=0;A<3;++A){var U=M[A].primalMinor,V=M[A].mirrorMinor,H=c(x,M[A].primalOffset);for(C=0;C<3;++C)this.lineTickEnable[A]&&(H[C]+=k*U[C]*Math.max(this.lineTickLength[C],0)/r[5*C]);var q=[0,0,0];if(q[A]=1,this.tickEnable[A]){-3600===this.tickAngle[A]?(this.tickAngle[A]=0,this.tickAlign[A]="auto"):this.tickAlign[A]=-1,F=1,"auto"===(S=[this.tickAlign[A],.5,F])[0]?S[0]=0:S[0]=parseInt(""+S[0]),B=[0,0,0],j(A,U,V);for(C=0;C<3;++C)H[C]+=k*U[C]*this.tickPad[C]/r[5*C];this._text.drawTicks(A,this.tickSize[A],this.tickAngle[A],H,this.tickColor[A],q,B,S)}if(this.labelEnable[A]){F=0,B=[0,0,0],this.labels[A].length>4&&(N(A),F=1),"auto"===(S=[this.labelAlign[A],.5,F])[0]?S[0]=0:S[0]=parseInt(""+S[0]);for(C=0;C<3;++C)H[C]+=k*U[C]*this.labelPad[C]/r[5*C];H[A]+=.5*(a[0][A]+a[1][A]),this._text.drawLabel(A,this.labelSize[A],this.labelAngle[A],H,this.labelColor[A],[0,0,0],B,S)}}this._text.unbind()},f.dispose=function(){this._text.dispose(),this._lines.dispose(),this._background.dispose(),this._lines=null,this._text=null,this._background=null,this.gl=null}},{"./lib/background.js":71,"./lib/cube.js":72,"./lib/lines.js":73,"./lib/text.js":75,"./lib/ticks.js":76}],71:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){for(var e=[],r=[],s=0,l=0;l<3;++l)for(var c=(l+1)%3,u=(l+2)%3,f=[0,0,0],h=[0,0,0],p=-1;p<=1;p+=2){r.push(s,s+2,s+1,s+1,s+2,s+3),f[l]=p,h[l]=p;for(var d=-1;d<=1;d+=2){f[c]=d;for(var m=-1;m<=1;m+=2)f[u]=m,e.push(f[0],f[1],f[2],h[0],h[1],h[2]),s+=1}var g=c;c=u,u=g}var v=n(t,new Float32Array(e)),y=n(t,new Uint16Array(r),t.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER),x=i(t,[{buffer:v,type:t.FLOAT,size:3,offset:0,stride:24},{buffer:v,type:t.FLOAT,size:3,offset:12,stride:24}],y),b=a(t);return b.attributes.position.location=0,b.attributes.normal.location=1,new o(t,v,x,b)};var n=t("gl-buffer"),i=t("gl-vao"),a=t("./shaders").bg;function o(t,e,r,n){this.gl=t,this.buffer=e,this.vao=r,this.shader=n}var s=o.prototype;s.draw=function(t,e,r,n,i,a){for(var o=!1,s=0;s<3;++s)o=o||i[s];if(o){var l=this.gl;l.enable(l.POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL),l.polygonOffset(1,2),this.shader.bind(),this.shader.uniforms={model:t,view:e,projection:r,bounds:n,enable:i,colors:a},this.vao.bind(),this.vao.draw(this.gl.TRIANGLES,36),this.vao.unbind(),l.disable(l.POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL)}},s.dispose=function(){this.vao.dispose(),this.buffer.dispose(),this.shader.dispose()}},{"./shaders":74,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-vao":150}],72:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e,r,a,p){i(s,e,t),i(s,r,s);for(var y=0,x=0;x<2;++x){u[2]=a[x][2];for(var b=0;b<2;++b){u[1]=a[b][1];for(var _=0;_<2;++_)u[0]=a[_][0],h(l[y],u,s),y+=1}}var w=-1;for(x=0;x<8;++x){for(var T=l[x][3],k=0;k<3;++k)c[x][k]=l[x][k]/T;p&&(c[x][2]*=-1),T<0&&(w<0||c[x][2]<c[w][2])&&(w=x)}if(w<0){w=0;for(var A=0;A<3;++A){for(var M=(A+2)%3,S=(A+1)%3,E=-1,L=-1,C=0;C<2;++C){var P=(O=C<<A)+(C<<M)+(1-C<<S),I=O+(1-C<<M)+(C<<S);o(c[O],c[P],c[I],f)<0||(C?E=1:L=1)}if(E<0||L<0)L>E&&(w|=1<<A);else{for(C=0;C<2;++C){P=(O=C<<A)+(C<<M)+(1-C<<S),I=O+(1-C<<M)+(C<<S);var 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e=0;e<p.length;++e)if((t=a.positive(t,p[e])).length<3)return 0;var r=t[0],n=r[0]/r[3],i=r[1]/r[3],o=0;for(e=1;e+1<t.length;++e){var s=t[e],l=t[e+1],c=s[0]/s[3]-n,u=s[1]/s[3]-i,f=l[0]/l[3]-n,h=l[1]/l[3]-i;o+=Math.abs(c*h-u*f)}return o}var m=[1,1,1],g=[0,0,0],v={cubeEdges:m,axis:g}},{"bit-twiddle":32,"gl-mat4/multiply":100,"robust-orientation":284,"split-polygon":300}],73:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e,r){var o=[],s=[0,0,0],l=[0,0,0],c=[0,0,0],u=[0,0,0];o.push(0,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,-1,0,0,-1,0,1,1,0,1,-1);for(var f=0;f<3;++f){for(var h=o.length/3|0,d=0;d<r[f].length;++d){var m=+r[f][d].x;o.push(m,0,1,m,1,1,m,0,-1,m,0,-1,m,1,1,m,1,-1)}var g=o.length/3|0;s[f]=h,l[f]=g-h;h=o.length/3|0;for(var v=0;v<r[f].length;++v){m=+r[f][v].x;o.push(m,0,1,m,1,1,m,0,-1,m,0,-1,m,1,1,m,1,-1)}g=o.length/3|0;c[f]=h,u[f]=g-h}var y=n(t,new Float32Array(o)),x=i(t,[{buffer:y,type:t.FLOAT,size:3,stride:0,offset:0}]),b=a(t);return b.attributes.position.location=0,new p(t,y,x,b,l,s,u,c)};var n=t("gl-buffer"),i=t("gl-vao"),a=t("./shaders").line,o=[0,0,0],s=[0,0,0],l=[0,0,0],c=[0,0,0],u=[1,1];function f(t){return t[0]=t[1]=t[2]=0,t}function h(t,e){return t[0]=e[0],t[1]=e[1],t[2]=e[2],t}function p(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s){this.gl=t,this.vertBuffer=e,this.vao=r,this.shader=n,this.tickCount=i,this.tickOffset=a,this.gridCount=o,this.gridOffset=s}var d=p.prototype;d.bind=function(t,e,r){this.shader.bind(),this.shader.uniforms.model=t,this.shader.uniforms.view=e,this.shader.uniforms.projection=r,u[0]=this.gl.drawingBufferWidth,u[1]=this.gl.drawingBufferHeight,this.shader.uniforms.screenShape=u,this.vao.bind()},d.unbind=function(){this.vao.unbind()},d.drawAxisLine=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=f(s);this.shader.uniforms.majorAxis=s,a[t]=e[1][t]-e[0][t],this.shader.uniforms.minorAxis=a;var 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max(pp.w, 0.0001);\n}\n\nfloat computeViewAngle(vec3 a, vec3 b) {\n vec3 A = project(a);\n vec3 B = project(b);\n\n return atan(\n (B.y - A.y) * resolution.y,\n (B.x - A.x) * resolution.x\n );\n}\n\nconst float PI = 3.141592;\nconst float TWO_PI = 2.0 * PI;\nconst float HALF_PI = 0.5 * PI;\nconst float ONE_AND_HALF_PI = 1.5 * PI;\n\nint option = int(floor(alignOpt.x + 0.001));\nfloat hv_ratio = alignOpt.y;\nbool enableAlign = (alignOpt.z != 0.0);\n\nfloat mod_angle(float a) {\n return mod(a, PI);\n}\n\nfloat positive_angle(float a) {\n return mod_angle((a < 0.0) ?\n a + TWO_PI :\n a\n );\n}\n\nfloat look_upwards(float a) {\n float b = positive_angle(a);\n return ((b > HALF_PI) && (b <= ONE_AND_HALF_PI)) ?\n b - PI :\n b;\n}\n\nfloat look_horizontal_or_vertical(float a, float ratio) {\n // ratio controls the ratio between being horizontal to (vertical + horizontal)\n // if ratio is set to 0.5 then it is 50%, 50%.\n // when using a higher ratio e.g. 0.75 the result would\n // likely be more horizontal than vertical.\n\n float b = positive_angle(a);\n\n return\n (b < ( ratio) * HALF_PI) ? 0.0 :\n (b < (2.0 - ratio) * HALF_PI) ? -HALF_PI :\n (b < (2.0 + ratio) * HALF_PI) ? 0.0 :\n (b < (4.0 - ratio) * HALF_PI) ? HALF_PI :\n 0.0;\n}\n\nfloat roundTo(float a, float b) {\n return float(b * floor((a + 0.5 * b) / b));\n}\n\nfloat look_round_n_directions(float a, int n) {\n float b = positive_angle(a);\n float div = TWO_PI / float(n);\n float c = roundTo(b, div);\n return look_upwards(c);\n}\n\nfloat applyAlignOption(float rawAngle, float delta) {\n return\n (option > 2) ? look_round_n_directions(rawAngle + delta, option) : // option 3-n: round to n directions\n (option == 2) ? look_horizontal_or_vertical(rawAngle + delta, hv_ratio) : // horizontal or vertical\n (option == 1) ? rawAngle + delta : // use free angle, and flip to align with one direction of the axis\n (option == 0) ? look_upwards(rawAngle) : // use free angle, and stay upwards\n (option ==-1) ? 0.0 : // useful for backward compatibility, all texts remains horizontal\n rawAngle; // otherwise return back raw input angle\n}\n\nbool isAxisTitle = (axis.x == 0.0) &&\n (axis.y == 0.0) &&\n (axis.z == 0.0);\n\nvoid main() {\n //Compute world offset\n float axisDistance = position.z;\n vec3 dataPosition = axisDistance * axis + offset;\n\n float beta = angle; // i.e. user defined attributes for each tick\n\n float axisAngle;\n float clipAngle;\n float flip;\n\n if (enableAlign) {\n axisAngle = (isAxisTitle) ? HALF_PI :\n computeViewAngle(dataPosition, dataPosition + axis);\n clipAngle = computeViewAngle(dataPosition, dataPosition + alignDir);\n\n axisAngle += (sin(axisAngle) < 0.0) ? PI : 0.0;\n clipAngle += (sin(clipAngle) < 0.0) ? PI : 0.0;\n\n flip = (dot(vec2(cos(axisAngle), sin(axisAngle)),\n vec2(sin(clipAngle),-cos(clipAngle))) > 0.0) ? 1.0 : 0.0;\n\n beta += applyAlignOption(clipAngle, flip * PI);\n }\n\n //Compute plane offset\n vec2 planeCoord = position.xy * pixelScale;\n\n mat2 planeXform = scale * mat2(\n cos(beta), sin(beta),\n -sin(beta), cos(beta)\n );\n\n vec2 viewOffset = 2.0 * planeXform * planeCoord / resolution;\n\n //Compute clip position\n vec3 clipPosition = project(dataPosition);\n\n //Apply text offset in clip coordinates\n clipPosition += vec3(viewOffset, 0.0);\n\n //Done\n gl_Position = vec4(clipPosition, 1.0);\n}"]),l=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nuniform vec4 color;\nvoid main() {\n gl_FragColor = color;\n}"]);r.text=function(t){return i(t,s,l,null,[{name:"position",type:"vec3"}])};var c=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec3 position;\nattribute vec3 normal;\n\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\nuniform vec3 enable;\nuniform vec3 bounds[2];\n\nvarying vec3 colorChannel;\n\nvoid main() {\n\n vec3 signAxis = sign(bounds[1] - bounds[0]);\n\n vec3 realNormal = signAxis * normal;\n\n if(dot(realNormal, enable) > 0.0) {\n vec3 minRange = min(bounds[0], bounds[1]);\n vec3 maxRange = max(bounds[0], bounds[1]);\n vec3 nPosition = mix(minRange, maxRange, 0.5 * (position + 1.0));\n gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(nPosition, 1.0);\n } else {\n gl_Position = vec4(0,0,0,0);\n }\n\n colorChannel = abs(realNormal);\n}"]),u=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nuniform vec4 colors[3];\n\nvarying vec3 colorChannel;\n\nvoid main() {\n gl_FragColor = colorChannel.x * colors[0] +\n colorChannel.y * colors[1] +\n colorChannel.z * colors[2];\n}"]);r.bg=function(t){return i(t,c,u,null,[{name:"position",type:"vec3"},{name:"normal",type:"vec3"}])}},{"gl-shader":132,glslify:231}],75:[function(t,e,r){(function(r){(function(){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e,r,a,s,l){var u=n(t),f=i(t,[{buffer:u,size:3}]),h=o(t);h.attributes.position.location=0;var p=new c(t,h,u,f);return p.update(e,r,a,s,l),p};var n=t("gl-buffer"),i=t("gl-vao"),a=t("vectorize-text"),o=t("./shaders").text,s=window||r.global||{},l=s.__TEXT_CACHE||{};s.__TEXT_CACHE={};function c(t,e,r,n){this.gl=t,this.shader=e,this.buffer=r,this.vao=n,this.tickOffset=this.tickCount=this.labelOffset=this.labelCount=null}var u=c.prototype,f=[0,0];u.bind=function(t,e,r,n){this.vao.bind(),this.shader.bind();var i=this.shader.uniforms;i.model=t,i.view=e,i.projection=r,i.pixelScale=n,f[0]=this.gl.drawingBufferWidth,f[1]=this.gl.drawingBufferHeight,this.shader.uniforms.resolution=f},u.unbind=function(){this.vao.unbind()},u.update=function(t,e,r,n,i){var o=[];function s(t,e,r,n,i,s){var c=l[r];c||(c=l[r]={});var u=c[e];u||(u=c[e]=function(t,e){try{return a(t,e)}catch(e){return console.warn('error vectorizing text:"'+t+'" 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m=0;m<n[d].length;++m)n[d][m].text&&s(n[d][m].x,n[d][m].text,n[d][m].font||i,n[d][m].fontSize||12,1.25,p);u[d]=(o.length/3|0)-c[d]}this.buffer.update(o),this.tickOffset=c,this.tickCount=u,this.labelOffset=f,this.labelCount=h},u.drawTicks=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s){this.tickCount[t]&&(this.shader.uniforms.axis=a,this.shader.uniforms.color=i,this.shader.uniforms.angle=r,this.shader.uniforms.scale=e,this.shader.uniforms.offset=n,this.shader.uniforms.alignDir=o,this.shader.uniforms.alignOpt=s,this.vao.draw(this.gl.TRIANGLES,this.tickCount[t],this.tickOffset[t]))},u.drawLabel=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s){this.labelCount[t]&&(this.shader.uniforms.axis=a,this.shader.uniforms.color=i,this.shader.uniforms.angle=r,this.shader.uniforms.scale=e,this.shader.uniforms.offset=n,this.shader.uniforms.alignDir=o,this.shader.uniforms.alignOpt=s,this.vao.draw(this.gl.TRIANGLES,this.labelCount[t],this.labelOffset[t]))},u.dispose=function(){this.shader.dispose(),this.vao.dispose(),this.buffer.dispose()}}).call(this)}).call(this,t("_process"))},{"./shaders":74,_process:5,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-vao":150,"vectorize-text":311}],76:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";function n(t,e){var r=t+"",n=r.indexOf("."),i=0;n>=0&&(i=r.length-n-1);var a=Math.pow(10,i),o=Math.round(t*e*a),s=o+"";if(s.indexOf("e")>=0)return s;var l=o/a,c=o%a;o<0?(l=0|-Math.ceil(l),c=0|-c):(l=0|Math.floor(l),c|=0);var u=""+l;if(o<0&&(u="-"+u),i){for(var f=""+c;f.length<i;)f="0"+f;return u+"."+f}return u}r.create=function(t,e){for(var r=[],i=0;i<3;++i){for(var a=[],o=(t[0][i],t[1][i],0);o*e[i]<=t[1][i];++o)a.push({x:o*e[i],text:n(e[i],o)});for(o=-1;o*e[i]>=t[0][i];--o)a.push({x:o*e[i],text:n(e[i],o)});r.push(a)}return r},r.equal=function(t,e){for(var r=0;r<3;++r){if(t[r].length!==e[r].length)return!1;for(var n=0;n<t[r].length;++n){var i=t[r][n],a=e[r][n];if(i.x!==a.x||i.text!==a.text||i.font!==a.font||i.fontColor!==a.fontColor||i.fontSize!==a.fontSize||i.dx!==a.dx||i.dy!==a.dy)return!1}}return!0}},{}],77:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e,r,l,f){var h=e.model||c,p=e.view||c,v=e.projection||c,y=e._ortho||!1,x=t.bounds,b=(f=f||a(h,p,v,x,y)).axis;o(u,p,h),o(u,v,u);for(var _=m,w=0;w<3;++w)_[w].lo=1/0,_[w].hi=-1/0,_[w].pixelsPerDataUnit=1/0;var T=n(s(u,u));s(u,u);for(var k=0;k<3;++k){var A=(k+1)%3,M=(k+2)%3,S=g;t:for(w=0;w<2;++w){var E=[];if(b[k]<0!=!!w){S[k]=x[w][k];for(var L=0;L<2;++L){S[A]=x[L^w][A];for(var C=0;C<2;++C)S[M]=x[C^L^w][M],E.push(S.slice())}var P=y?5:4;for(L=P;L===P;++L){if(0===E.length)continue t;E=i.positive(E,T[L])}for(L=0;L<E.length;++L){M=E[L];var I=d(g,u,M,r,l);for(C=0;C<3;++C)_[C].lo=Math.min(_[C].lo,M[C]),_[C].hi=Math.max(_[C].hi,M[C]),C!==k&&(_[C].pixelsPerDataUnit=Math.min(_[C].pixelsPerDataUnit,Math.abs(I[C])))}}}}return _};var n=t("extract-frustum-planes"),i=t("split-polygon"),a=t("./lib/cube.js"),o=t("gl-mat4/multiply"),s=t("gl-mat4/transpose"),l=t("gl-vec4/transformMat4"),c=new Float32Array([1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1]),u=new Float32Array(16);function f(t,e,r){this.lo=t,this.hi=e,this.pixelsPerDataUnit=r}var h=[0,0,0,1],p=[0,0,0,1];function d(t,e,r,n,i){for(var a=0;a<3;++a){for(var o=h,s=p,c=0;c<3;++c)s[c]=o[c]=r[c];s[3]=o[3]=1,s[a]+=1,l(s,s,e),s[3]<0&&(t[a]=1/0),o[a]-=1,l(o,o,e),o[3]<0&&(t[a]=1/0);var u=(o[0]/o[3]-s[0]/s[3])*n,f=(o[1]/o[3]-s[1]/s[3])*i;t[a]=.25*Math.sqrt(u*u+f*f)}return t}var m=[new f(1/0,-1/0,1/0),new f(1/0,-1/0,1/0),new f(1/0,-1/0,1/0)],g=[0,0,0]},{"./lib/cube.js":72,"extract-frustum-planes":67,"gl-mat4/multiply":100,"gl-mat4/transpose":109,"gl-vec4/transformMat4":221,"split-polygon":300}],78:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("typedarray-pool"),i=t("ndarray-ops"),a=t("ndarray"),o=["uint8","uint8_clamped","uint16","uint32","int8","int16","int32","float32"];function s(t,e,r,n,i){this.gl=t,this.type=e,this.handle=r,this.length=n,this.usage=i}var l=s.prototype;function c(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=i.length*i.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;if(a<0)return t.bufferData(e,i,n),o;if(o+a>r)throw new Error("gl-buffer: If resizing buffer, must not specify offset");return t.bufferSubData(e,a,i),r}function u(t,e){for(var r=n.malloc(t.length,e),i=t.length,a=0;a<i;++a)r[a]=t[a];return r}l.bind=function(){this.gl.bindBuffer(this.type,this.handle)},l.unbind=function(){this.gl.bindBuffer(this.type,null)},l.dispose=function(){this.gl.deleteBuffer(this.handle)},l.update=function(t,e){if("number"!=typeof e&&(e=-1),this.bind(),"object"==typeof t&&void 0!==t.shape){var r=t.dtype;if(o.indexOf(r)<0&&(r="float32"),this.type===this.gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER)r=gl.getExtension("OES_element_index_uint")&&"uint16"!==r?"uint32":"uint16";if(r===t.dtype&&function(t,e){for(var r=1,n=e.length-1;n>=0;--n){if(e[n]!==r)return!1;r*=t[n]}return!0}(t.shape,t.stride))0===t.offset&&t.data.length===t.shape[0]?this.length=c(this.gl,this.type,this.length,this.usage,t.data,e):this.length=c(this.gl,this.type,this.length,this.usage,t.data.subarray(t.offset,t.shape[0]),e);else{var s=n.malloc(t.size,r),l=a(s,t.shape);i.assign(l,t),this.length=c(this.gl,this.type,this.length,this.usage,e<0?s:s.subarray(0,t.size),e),n.free(s)}}else if(Array.isArray(t)){var f;f=this.type===this.gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER?u(t,"uint16"):u(t,"float32"),this.length=c(this.gl,this.type,this.length,this.usage,e<0?f:f.subarray(0,t.length),e),n.free(f)}else if("object"==typeof t&&"number"==typeof t.length)this.length=c(this.gl,this.type,this.length,this.usage,t,e);else{if("number"!=typeof t&&void 0!==t)throw new Error("gl-buffer: Invalid data type");if(e>=0)throw new Error("gl-buffer: Cannot specify offset when resizing buffer");(t|=0)<=0&&(t=1),this.gl.bufferData(this.type,0|t,this.usage),this.length=t}},e.exports=function(t,e,r,n){if(r=r||t.ARRAY_BUFFER,n=n||t.DYNAMIC_DRAW,r!==t.ARRAY_BUFFER&&r!==t.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER)throw new Error("gl-buffer: Invalid type for webgl buffer, must be either gl.ARRAY_BUFFER or gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER");if(n!==t.DYNAMIC_DRAW&&n!==t.STATIC_DRAW&&n!==t.STREAM_DRAW)throw new Error("gl-buffer: Invalid usage for buffer, must be either gl.DYNAMIC_DRAW, gl.STATIC_DRAW or gl.STREAM_DRAW");var i=t.createBuffer(),a=new s(t,r,i,0,n);return a.update(e),a}},{ndarray:259,"ndarray-ops":254,"typedarray-pool":308}],79:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("gl-vec3");e.exports=function(t,e){var r=t.positions,i=t.vectors,a={positions:[],vertexIntensity:[],vertexIntensityBounds:t.vertexIntensityBounds,vectors:[],cells:[],coneOffset:t.coneOffset,colormap:t.colormap};if(0===t.positions.length)return e&&(e[0]=[0,0,0],e[1]=[0,0,0]),a;for(var o=0,s=1/0,l=-1/0,c=1/0,u=-1/0,f=1/0,h=-1/0,p=null,d=null,m=[],g=1/0,v=!1,y=0;y<r.length;y++){var x=r[y];s=Math.min(x[0],s),l=Math.max(x[0],l),c=Math.min(x[1],c),u=Math.max(x[1],u),f=Math.min(x[2],f),h=Math.max(x[2],h);var b=i[y];if(n.length(b)>o&&(o=n.length(b)),y){var _=2*n.distance(p,x)/(n.length(d)+n.length(b));_?(g=Math.min(g,_),v=!1):v=!0}v||(p=x,d=b),m.push(b)}var w=[s,c,f],T=[l,u,h];e&&(e[0]=w,e[1]=T),0===o&&(o=1);var k=1/o;isFinite(g)||(g=1),a.vectorScale=g;var A=t.coneSize||.5;t.absoluteConeSize&&(A=t.absoluteConeSize*k),a.coneScale=A;y=0;for(var M=0;y<r.length;y++)for(var S=(x=r[y])[0],E=x[1],L=x[2],C=m[y],P=n.length(C)*k,I=0;I<8;I++){a.positions.push([S,E,L,M++]),a.positions.push([S,E,L,M++]),a.positions.push([S,E,L,M++]),a.positions.push([S,E,L,M++]),a.positions.push([S,E,L,M++]),a.positions.push([S,E,L,M++]),a.vectors.push(C),a.vectors.push(C),a.vectors.push(C),a.vectors.push(C),a.vectors.push(C),a.vectors.push(C),a.vertexIntensity.push(P,P,P),a.vertexIntensity.push(P,P,P);var O=a.positions.length;a.cells.push([O-6,O-5,O-4],[O-3,O-2,O-1])}return a};var i=t("./lib/shaders");e.exports.createMesh=t("./create_mesh"),e.exports.createConeMesh=function(t,r){return e.exports.createMesh(t,r,{shaders:i,traceType:"cone"})}},{"./create_mesh":80,"./lib/shaders":81,"gl-vec3":169}],80:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("gl-shader"),i=t("gl-buffer"),a=t("gl-vao"),o=t("gl-texture2d"),s=t("gl-mat4/multiply"),l=t("gl-mat4/invert"),c=t("ndarray"),u=t("colormap"),f=[1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1];function h(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u){this.gl=t,this.pixelRatio=1,this.cells=[],this.positions=[],this.intensity=[],this.texture=e,this.dirty=!0,this.triShader=r,this.pickShader=n,this.trianglePositions=i,this.triangleVectors=a,this.triangleColors=s,this.triangleUVs=l,this.triangleIds=o,this.triangleVAO=c,this.triangleCount=0,this.pickId=1,this.bounds=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]],this.clipBounds=[[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],[1/0,1/0,1/0]],this.lightPosition=[1e5,1e5,0],this.ambientLight=.8,this.diffuseLight=.8,this.specularLight=2,this.roughness=.5,this.fresnel=1.5,this.opacity=1,this.traceType=u,this.tubeScale=1,this.coneScale=2,this.vectorScale=1,this.coneOffset=.25,this._model=f,this._view=f,this._projection=f,this._resolution=[1,1]}var p=h.prototype;function d(t,e){var r=n(t,e.meshShader.vertex,e.meshShader.fragment,null,e.meshShader.attributes);return r.attributes.position.location=0,r.attributes.color.location=2,r.attributes.uv.location=3,r.attributes.vector.location=4,r}function m(t,e){var r=n(t,e.pickShader.vertex,e.pickShader.fragment,null,e.pickShader.attributes);return r.attributes.position.location=0,r.attributes.id.location=1,r.attributes.vector.location=4,r}p.isOpaque=function(){return this.opacity>=1},p.isTransparent=function(){return this.opacity<1},p.pickSlots=1,p.setPickBase=function(t){this.pickId=t},p.update=function(t){t=t||{};var e=this.gl;this.dirty=!0,"lightPosition"in t&&(this.lightPosition=t.lightPosition),"opacity"in t&&(this.opacity=t.opacity),"ambient"in t&&(this.ambientLight=t.ambient),"diffuse"in t&&(this.diffuseLight=t.diffuse),"specular"in t&&(this.specularLight=t.specular),"roughness"in t&&(this.roughness=t.roughness),"fresnel"in t&&(this.fresnel=t.fresnel),void 0!==t.tubeScale&&(this.tubeScale=t.tubeScale),void 0!==t.vectorScale&&(this.vectorScale=t.vectorScale),void 0!==t.coneScale&&(this.coneScale=t.coneScale),void 0!==t.coneOffset&&(this.coneOffset=t.coneOffset),t.colormap&&(this.texture.shape=[256,256],this.texture.minFilter=e.LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR,this.texture.magFilter=e.LINEAR,this.texture.setPixels(function(t){for(var e=u({colormap:t,nshades:256,format:"rgba"}),r=new Uint8Array(1024),n=0;n<256;++n){for(var i=e[n],a=0;a<3;++a)r[4*n+a]=i[a];r[4*n+3]=255*i[3]}return c(r,[256,256,4],[4,0,1])}(t.colormap)),this.texture.generateMipmap());var r=t.cells,n=t.positions,i=t.vectors;if(n&&r&&i){var a=[],o=[],s=[],l=[],f=[];this.cells=r,this.positions=n,this.vectors=i;var h=t.meshColor||[1,1,1,1],p=t.vertexIntensity,d=1/0,m=-1/0;if(p)if(t.vertexIntensityBounds)d=+t.vertexIntensityBounds[0],m=+t.vertexIntensityBounds[1];else for(var g=0;g<p.length;++g){var v=p[g];d=Math.min(d,v),m=Math.max(m,v)}else for(g=0;g<n.length;++g){v=n[g][2];d=Math.min(d,v),m=Math.max(m,v)}this.intensity=p||function(t){for(var e=t.length,r=new Array(e),n=0;n<e;++n)r[n]=t[n][2];return r}(n),this.bounds=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]];for(g=0;g<n.length;++g)for(var y=n[g],x=0;x<3;++x)!isNaN(y[x])&&isFinite(y[x])&&(this.bounds[0][x]=Math.min(this.bounds[0][x],y[x]),this.bounds[1][x]=Math.max(this.bounds[1][x],y[x]));var b=0;t:for(g=0;g<r.length;++g){var _=r[g];switch(_.length){case 3:for(x=0;x<3;++x){y=n[T=_[x]];for(var w=0;w<3;++w)if(isNaN(y[w])||!isFinite(y[w]))continue t}for(x=0;x<3;++x){var T;y=n[T=_[2-x]];a.push(y[0],y[1],y[2],y[3]);var k=i[T];o.push(k[0],k[1],k[2],k[3]||0);var A,M=h;3===M.length?s.push(M[0],M[1],M[2],1):s.push(M[0],M[1],M[2],M[3]),A=p?[(p[T]-d)/(m-d),0]:[(y[2]-d)/(m-d),0],l.push(A[0],A[1]),f.push(g)}b+=1}}this.triangleCount=b,this.trianglePositions.update(a),this.triangleVectors.update(o),this.triangleColors.update(s),this.triangleUVs.update(l),this.triangleIds.update(new Uint32Array(f))}},p.drawTransparent=p.draw=function(t){t=t||{};for(var e=this.gl,r=t.model||f,n=t.view||f,i=t.projection||f,a=[[-1e6,-1e6,-1e6],[1e6,1e6,1e6]],o=0;o<3;++o)a[0][o]=Math.max(a[0][o],this.clipBounds[0][o]),a[1][o]=Math.min(a[1][o],this.clipBounds[1][o]);var c={model:r,view:n,projection:i,inverseModel:f.slice(),clipBounds:a,kambient:this.ambientLight,kdiffuse:this.diffuseLight,kspecular:this.specularLight,roughness:this.roughness,fresnel:this.fresnel,eyePosition:[0,0,0],lightPosition:[0,0,0],opacity:this.opacity,tubeScale:this.tubeScale,vectorScale:this.vectorScale,coneScale:this.coneScale,coneOffset:this.coneOffset,texture:0};c.inverseModel=l(c.inverseModel,c.model),e.disable(e.CULL_FACE),this.texture.bind(0);var u=new Array(16);s(u,c.view,c.model),s(u,c.projection,u),l(u,u);for(o=0;o<3;++o)c.eyePosition[o]=u[12+o]/u[15];var h=u[15];for(o=0;o<3;++o)h+=this.lightPosition[o]*u[4*o+3];for(o=0;o<3;++o){for(var p=u[12+o],d=0;d<3;++d)p+=u[4*d+o]*this.lightPosition[d];c.lightPosition[o]=p/h}if(this.triangleCount>0){var m=this.triShader;m.bind(),m.uniforms=c,this.triangleVAO.bind(),e.drawArrays(e.TRIANGLES,0,3*this.triangleCount),this.triangleVAO.unbind()}},p.drawPick=function(t){t=t||{};for(var e=this.gl,r=t.model||f,n=t.view||f,i=t.projection||f,a=[[-1e6,-1e6,-1e6],[1e6,1e6,1e6]],o=0;o<3;++o)a[0][o]=Math.max(a[0][o],this.clipBounds[0][o]),a[1][o]=Math.min(a[1][o],this.clipBounds[1][o]);this._model=[].slice.call(r),this._view=[].slice.call(n),this._projection=[].slice.call(i),this._resolution=[e.drawingBufferWidth,e.drawingBufferHeight];var s={model:r,view:n,projection:i,clipBounds:a,tubeScale:this.tubeScale,vectorScale:this.vectorScale,coneScale:this.coneScale,coneOffset:this.coneOffset,pickId:this.pickId/255},l=this.pickShader;l.bind(),l.uniforms=s,this.triangleCount>0&&(this.triangleVAO.bind(),e.drawArrays(e.TRIANGLES,0,3*this.triangleCount),this.triangleVAO.unbind())},p.pick=function(t){if(!t)return null;if(t.id!==this.pickId)return null;var e=t.value[0]+256*t.value[1]+65536*t.value[2],r=this.cells[e],n=this.positions[r[1]].slice(0,3),i={position:n,dataCoordinate:n,index:Math.floor(r[1]/48)};return"cone"===this.traceType?i.index=Math.floor(r[1]/48):"streamtube"===this.traceType&&(i.intensity=this.intensity[r[1]],i.velocity=this.vectors[r[1]].slice(0,3),i.divergence=this.vectors[r[1]][3],i.index=e),i},p.dispose=function(){this.texture.dispose(),this.triShader.dispose(),this.pickShader.dispose(),this.triangleVAO.dispose(),this.trianglePositions.dispose(),this.triangleVectors.dispose(),this.triangleColors.dispose(),this.triangleUVs.dispose(),this.triangleIds.dispose()},e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=r.shaders;1===arguments.length&&(t=(e=t).gl);var s=d(t,n),l=m(t,n),u=o(t,c(new Uint8Array([255,255,255,255]),[1,1,4]));u.generateMipmap(),u.minFilter=t.LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR,u.magFilter=t.LINEAR;var f=i(t),p=i(t),g=i(t),v=i(t),y=i(t),x=a(t,[{buffer:f,type:t.FLOAT,size:4},{buffer:y,type:t.UNSIGNED_BYTE,size:4,normalized:!0},{buffer:g,type:t.FLOAT,size:4},{buffer:v,type:t.FLOAT,size:2},{buffer:p,type:t.FLOAT,size:4}]),b=new h(t,u,s,l,f,p,y,g,v,x,r.traceType||"cone");return b.update(e),b}},{colormap:53,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-mat4/invert":98,"gl-mat4/multiply":100,"gl-shader":132,"gl-texture2d":146,"gl-vao":150,ndarray:259}],81:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("glslify"),i=n(["precision highp float;\n\nprecision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nvec3 getOrthogonalVector(vec3 v) {\n // Return up-vector for only-z vector.\n // Return ax + by + cz = 0, a point that lies on the plane that has v as a normal and that isn't (0,0,0).\n // From the above if-statement we have ||a|| > 0 U ||b|| > 0.\n // Assign z = 0, x = -b, y = a:\n // a*-b + b*a + c*0 = -ba + ba + 0 = 0\n if (v.x*v.x > v.z*v.z || v.y*v.y > v.z*v.z) {\n return normalize(vec3(-v.y, v.x, 0.0));\n } else {\n return normalize(vec3(0.0, v.z, -v.y));\n }\n}\n\n// Calculate the cone vertex and normal at the given index.\n//\n// The returned vertex is for a cone with its top at origin and height of 1.0,\n// pointing in the direction of the vector attribute.\n//\n// Each cone is made up of a top vertex, a center base vertex and base perimeter vertices.\n// These vertices are used to make up the triangles of the cone by the following:\n// segment + 0 top vertex\n// segment + 1 perimeter vertex a+1\n// segment + 2 perimeter vertex a\n// segment + 3 center base vertex\n// segment + 4 perimeter vertex a\n// segment + 5 perimeter vertex a+1\n// Where segment is the number of the radial segment * 6 and a is the angle at that radial segment.\n// To go from index to segment, floor(index / 6)\n// To go from segment to angle, 2*pi * (segment/segmentCount)\n// To go from index to segment index, index - (segment*6)\n//\nvec3 getConePosition(vec3 d, float rawIndex, float coneOffset, out vec3 normal) {\n\n const float segmentCount = 8.0;\n\n float index = rawIndex - floor(rawIndex /\n (segmentCount * 6.0)) *\n (segmentCount * 6.0);\n\n float segment = floor(0.001 + index/6.0);\n float segmentIndex = index - (segment*6.0);\n\n normal = -normalize(d);\n\n if (segmentIndex > 2.99 && segmentIndex < 3.01) {\n return mix(vec3(0.0), -d, coneOffset);\n }\n\n float nextAngle = (\n (segmentIndex > 0.99 && segmentIndex < 1.01) ||\n (segmentIndex > 4.99 && segmentIndex < 5.01)\n ) ? 1.0 : 0.0;\n float angle = 2.0 * 3.14159 * ((segment + nextAngle) / segmentCount);\n\n vec3 v1 = mix(d, vec3(0.0), coneOffset);\n vec3 v2 = v1 - d;\n\n vec3 u = getOrthogonalVector(d);\n vec3 v = normalize(cross(u, d));\n\n vec3 x = u * cos(angle) * length(d)*0.25;\n vec3 y = v * sin(angle) * length(d)*0.25;\n vec3 v3 = v2 + x + y;\n if (segmentIndex < 3.0) {\n vec3 tx = u * sin(angle);\n vec3 ty = v * -cos(angle);\n vec3 tangent = tx + ty;\n normal = normalize(cross(v3 - v1, tangent));\n }\n\n if (segmentIndex == 0.0) {\n return mix(d, vec3(0.0), coneOffset);\n }\n return v3;\n}\n\nattribute vec3 vector;\nattribute vec4 color, position;\nattribute vec2 uv;\n\nuniform float vectorScale, coneScale, coneOffset;\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection, inverseModel;\nuniform vec3 eyePosition, lightPosition;\n\nvarying vec3 f_normal, f_lightDirection, f_eyeDirection, f_data, f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_color;\nvarying vec2 f_uv;\n\nvoid main() {\n // Scale the vector magnitude to stay constant with\n // model & view changes.\n vec3 normal;\n vec3 XYZ = getConePosition(mat3(model) * ((vectorScale * coneScale) * vector), position.w, coneOffset, normal);\n vec4 conePosition = model * vec4(position.xyz, 1.0) + vec4(XYZ, 0.0);\n\n //Lighting geometry parameters\n vec4 cameraCoordinate = view * conePosition;\n cameraCoordinate.xyz /= cameraCoordinate.w;\n f_lightDirection = lightPosition - cameraCoordinate.xyz;\n f_eyeDirection = eyePosition - cameraCoordinate.xyz;\n f_normal = normalize((vec4(normal, 0.0) * inverseModel).xyz);\n\n // vec4 m_position = model * vec4(conePosition, 1.0);\n vec4 t_position = view * conePosition;\n gl_Position = projection * t_position;\n\n f_color = color;\n f_data = conePosition.xyz;\n f_position = position.xyz;\n f_uv = uv;\n}\n"]),a=n(["#extension GL_OES_standard_derivatives : enable\n\nprecision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nfloat beckmannDistribution(float x, float roughness) {\n float NdotH = max(x, 0.0001);\n float cos2Alpha = NdotH * NdotH;\n float tan2Alpha = (cos2Alpha - 1.0) / cos2Alpha;\n float roughness2 = roughness * roughness;\n float denom = 3.141592653589793 * roughness2 * cos2Alpha * cos2Alpha;\n return exp(tan2Alpha / roughness2) / denom;\n}\n\nfloat cookTorranceSpecular(\n vec3 lightDirection,\n vec3 viewDirection,\n vec3 surfaceNormal,\n float roughness,\n float fresnel) {\n\n float VdotN = max(dot(viewDirection, surfaceNormal), 0.0);\n float LdotN = max(dot(lightDirection, surfaceNormal), 0.0);\n\n //Half angle vector\n vec3 H = normalize(lightDirection + viewDirection);\n\n //Geometric term\n float NdotH = max(dot(surfaceNormal, H), 0.0);\n float VdotH = max(dot(viewDirection, H), 0.000001);\n float LdotH = max(dot(lightDirection, H), 0.000001);\n float G1 = (2.0 * NdotH * VdotN) / VdotH;\n float G2 = (2.0 * NdotH * LdotN) / LdotH;\n float G = min(1.0, min(G1, G2));\n \n //Distribution term\n float D = beckmannDistribution(NdotH, roughness);\n\n //Fresnel term\n float F = pow(1.0 - VdotN, fresnel);\n\n //Multiply terms and done\n return G * F * D / max(3.14159265 * VdotN, 0.000001);\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float roughness, fresnel, kambient, kdiffuse, kspecular, opacity;\nuniform sampler2D texture;\n\nvarying vec3 f_normal, f_lightDirection, f_eyeDirection, f_data, f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_color;\nvarying vec2 f_uv;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], f_position)) discard;\n vec3 N = normalize(f_normal);\n vec3 L = normalize(f_lightDirection);\n vec3 V = normalize(f_eyeDirection);\n\n if(gl_FrontFacing) {\n N = -N;\n }\n\n float specular = min(1.0, max(0.0, cookTorranceSpecular(L, V, N, roughness, fresnel)));\n float diffuse = min(kambient + kdiffuse * max(dot(N, L), 0.0), 1.0);\n\n vec4 surfaceColor = f_color * texture2D(texture, f_uv);\n vec4 litColor = surfaceColor.a * vec4(diffuse * surfaceColor.rgb + kspecular * vec3(1,1,1) * specular, 1.0);\n\n gl_FragColor = litColor * opacity;\n}\n"]),o=n(["precision highp float;\n\nprecision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nvec3 getOrthogonalVector(vec3 v) {\n // Return up-vector for only-z vector.\n // Return ax + by + cz = 0, a point that lies on the plane that has v as a normal and that isn't (0,0,0).\n // From the above if-statement we have ||a|| > 0 U ||b|| > 0.\n // Assign z = 0, x = -b, y = a:\n // a*-b + b*a + c*0 = -ba + ba + 0 = 0\n if (v.x*v.x > v.z*v.z || v.y*v.y > v.z*v.z) {\n return normalize(vec3(-v.y, v.x, 0.0));\n } else {\n return normalize(vec3(0.0, v.z, -v.y));\n }\n}\n\n// Calculate the cone vertex and normal at the given index.\n//\n// The returned vertex is for a cone with its top at origin and height of 1.0,\n// pointing in the direction of the vector attribute.\n//\n// Each cone is made up of a top vertex, a center base vertex and base perimeter vertices.\n// These vertices are used to make up the triangles of the cone by the following:\n// segment + 0 top vertex\n// segment + 1 perimeter vertex a+1\n// segment + 2 perimeter vertex a\n// segment + 3 center base vertex\n// segment + 4 perimeter vertex a\n// segment + 5 perimeter vertex a+1\n// Where segment is the number of the radial segment * 6 and a is the angle at that radial segment.\n// To go from index to segment, floor(index / 6)\n// To go from segment to angle, 2*pi * (segment/segmentCount)\n// To go from index to segment index, index - (segment*6)\n//\nvec3 getConePosition(vec3 d, float rawIndex, float coneOffset, out vec3 normal) {\n\n const float segmentCount = 8.0;\n\n float index = rawIndex - floor(rawIndex /\n (segmentCount * 6.0)) *\n (segmentCount * 6.0);\n\n float segment = floor(0.001 + index/6.0);\n float segmentIndex = index - (segment*6.0);\n\n normal = -normalize(d);\n\n if (segmentIndex > 2.99 && segmentIndex < 3.01) {\n return mix(vec3(0.0), -d, coneOffset);\n }\n\n float nextAngle = (\n (segmentIndex > 0.99 && segmentIndex < 1.01) ||\n (segmentIndex > 4.99 && segmentIndex < 5.01)\n ) ? 1.0 : 0.0;\n float angle = 2.0 * 3.14159 * ((segment + nextAngle) / segmentCount);\n\n vec3 v1 = mix(d, vec3(0.0), coneOffset);\n vec3 v2 = v1 - d;\n\n vec3 u = getOrthogonalVector(d);\n vec3 v = normalize(cross(u, d));\n\n vec3 x = u * cos(angle) * length(d)*0.25;\n vec3 y = v * sin(angle) * length(d)*0.25;\n vec3 v3 = v2 + x + y;\n if (segmentIndex < 3.0) {\n vec3 tx = u * sin(angle);\n vec3 ty = v * -cos(angle);\n vec3 tangent = tx + ty;\n normal = normalize(cross(v3 - v1, tangent));\n }\n\n if (segmentIndex == 0.0) {\n return mix(d, vec3(0.0), coneOffset);\n }\n return v3;\n}\n\nattribute vec4 vector;\nattribute vec4 position;\nattribute vec4 id;\n\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\nuniform float vectorScale, coneScale, coneOffset;\n\nvarying vec3 f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_id;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec3 normal;\n vec3 XYZ = getConePosition(mat3(model) * ((vectorScale * coneScale) * vector.xyz), position.w, coneOffset, normal);\n vec4 conePosition = model * vec4(position.xyz, 1.0) + vec4(XYZ, 0.0);\n gl_Position = projection * view * conePosition;\n f_id = id;\n f_position = position.xyz;\n}\n"]),s=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float pickId;\n\nvarying vec3 f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_id;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], f_position)) discard;\n\n gl_FragColor = vec4(pickId, f_id.xyz);\n}"]);r.meshShader={vertex:i,fragment:a,attributes:[{name:"position",type:"vec4"},{name:"color",type:"vec4"},{name:"uv",type:"vec2"},{name:"vector",type:"vec3"}]},r.pickShader={vertex:o,fragment:s,attributes:[{name:"position",type:"vec4"},{name:"id",type:"vec4"},{name:"vector",type:"vec3"}]}},{glslify:231}],82:[function(t,e,r){e.exports={0:"NONE",1:"ONE",2:"LINE_LOOP",3:"LINE_STRIP",4:"TRIANGLES",5:"TRIANGLE_STRIP",6:"TRIANGLE_FAN",256:"DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT",512:"NEVER",513:"LESS",514:"EQUAL",515:"LEQUAL",516:"GREATER",517:"NOTEQUAL",518:"GEQUAL",519:"ALWAYS",768:"SRC_COLOR",769:"ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR",770:"SRC_ALPHA",771:"ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA",772:"DST_ALPHA",773:"ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA",774:"DST_COLOR",775:"ONE_MINUS_DST_COLOR",776:"SRC_ALPHA_SATURATE",1024:"STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT",1028:"FRONT",1029:"BACK",1032:"FRONT_AND_BACK",1280:"INVALID_ENUM",1281:"INVALID_VALUE",1282:"INVALID_OPERATION",1285:"OUT_OF_MEMORY",1286:"INVALID_FRAMEBUFFER_OPERATION",2304:"CW",2305:"CCW",2849:"LINE_WIDTH",2884:"CULL_FACE",2885:"CULL_FACE_MODE",2886:"FRONT_FACE",2928:"DEPTH_RANGE",2929:"DEPTH_TEST",2930:"DEPTH_WRITEMASK",2931:"DEPTH_CLEAR_VALUE",2932:"DEPTH_FUNC",2960:"STENCIL_TEST",2961:"STENCIL_CLEAR_VALUE",2962:"STENCIL_FUNC",2963:"STENCIL_VALUE_MASK",2964:"STENCIL_FAIL",2965:"STENCIL_PASS_DEPTH_FAIL",2966:"STENCIL_PASS_DEPTH_PASS",2967:"STENCIL_REF",2968:"STENCIL_WRITEMASK",2978:"VIEWPORT",3024:"DITHER",3042:"BLEND",3088:"SCISSOR_BOX",3089:"SCISSOR_TEST",3106:"COLOR_CLEAR_VALUE",3107:"COLOR_WRITEMASK",3317:"UNPACK_ALIGNMENT",3333:"PACK_ALIGNMENT",3379:"MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE",3386:"MAX_VIEWPORT_DIMS",3408:"SUBPIXEL_BITS",3410:"RED_BITS",3411:"GREEN_BITS",3412:"BLUE_BITS",3413:"ALPHA_BITS",3414:"DEPTH_BITS",3415:"STENCIL_BITS",3553:"TEXTURE_2D",4352:"DONT_CARE",4353:"FASTEST",4354:"NICEST",5120:"BYTE",5121:"UNSIGNED_BYTE",5122:"SHORT",5123:"UNSIGNED_SHORT",5124:"INT",5125:"UNSIGNED_INT",5126:"FLOAT",5386:"INVERT",5890:"TEXTURE",6401:"STENCIL_INDEX",6402:"DEPTH_COMPONENT",6406:"ALPHA",6407:"RGB",6408:"RGBA",6409:"LUMINANCE",6410:"LUMINANCE_ALPHA",7680:"KEEP",7681:"REPLACE",7682:"INCR",7683:"DECR",7936:"VENDOR",7937:"RENDERER",7938:"VERSION",9728:"NEAREST",9729:"LINEAR",9984:"NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST",9985:"LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST",9986:"NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR",9987:"LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR",10240:"TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER",10241:"TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER",10242:"TEXTURE_WRAP_S",10243:"TEXTURE_WRAP_T",10497:"REPEAT",10752:"POLYGON_OFFSET_UNITS",16384:"COLOR_BUFFER_BIT",32769:"CONSTANT_COLOR",32770:"ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_COLOR",32771:"CONSTANT_ALPHA",32772:"ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_ALPHA",32773:"BLEND_COLOR",32774:"FUNC_ADD",32777:"BLEND_EQUATION_RGB",32778:"FUNC_SUBTRACT",32779:"FUNC_REVERSE_SUBTRACT",32819:"UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4",32820:"UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_5_5_1",32823:"POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL",32824:"POLYGON_OFFSET_FACTOR",32854:"RGBA4",32855:"RGB5_A1",32873:"TEXTURE_BINDING_2D",32926:"SAMPLE_ALPHA_TO_COVERAGE",32928:"SAMPLE_COVERAGE",32936:"SAMPLE_BUFFERS",32937:"SAMPLES",32938:"SAMPLE_COVERAGE_VALUE",32939:"SAMPLE_COVERAGE_INVERT",32968:"BLEND_DST_RGB",32969:"BLEND_SRC_RGB",32970:"BLEND_DST_ALPHA",32971:"BLEND_SRC_ALPHA",33071:"CLAMP_TO_EDGE",33170:"GENERATE_MIPMAP_HINT",33189:"DEPTH_COMPONENT16",33306:"DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT",33635:"UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5",33648:"MIRRORED_REPEAT",33901:"ALIASED_POINT_SIZE_RANGE",33902:"ALIASED_LINE_WIDTH_RANGE",33984:"TEXTURE0",33985:"TEXTURE1",33986:"TEXTURE2",33987:"TEXTURE3",33988:"TEXTURE4",33989:"TEXTURE5",33990:"TEXTURE6",33991:"TEXTURE7",33992:"TEXTURE8",33993:"TEXTURE9",33994:"TEXTURE10",33995:"TEXTURE11",33996:"TEXTURE12",33997:"TEXTURE13",33998:"TEXTURE14",33999:"TEXTURE15",34e3:"TEXTURE16",34001:"TEXTURE17",34002:"TEXTURE18",34003:"TEXTURE19",34004:"TEXTURE20",34005:"TEXTURE21",34006:"TEXTURE22",34007:"TEXTURE23",34008:"TEXTURE24",34009:"TEXTURE25",34010:"TEXTURE26",34011:"TEXTURE27",34012:"TEXTURE28",34013:"TEXTURE29",34014:"TEXTURE30",34015:"TEXTURE31",34016:"ACTIVE_TEXTURE",34024:"MAX_RENDERBUFFER_SIZE",34041:"DEPTH_STENCIL",34055:"INCR_WRAP",34056:"DECR_WRAP",34067:"TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP",34068:"TEXTURE_BINDING_CUBE_MAP",34069:"TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X",34070:"TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_X",34071:"TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_Y",34072:"TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_Y",34073:"TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_Z",34074:"TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_Z",34076:"MAX_CUBE_MAP_TEXTURE_SIZE",34338:"VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_ENABLED",34339:"VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_SIZE",34340:"VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_STRIDE",34341:"VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_TYPE",34342:"CURRENT_VERTEX_ATTRIB",34373:"VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_POINTER",34466:"NUM_COMPRESSED_TEXTURE_FORMATS",34467:"COMPRESSED_TEXTURE_FORMATS",34660:"BUFFER_SIZE",34661:"BUFFER_USAGE",34816:"STENCIL_BACK_FUNC",34817:"STENCIL_BACK_FAIL",34818:"STENCIL_BACK_PASS_DEPTH_FAIL",34819:"STENCIL_BACK_PASS_DEPTH_PASS",34877:"BLEND_EQUATION_ALPHA",34921:"MAX_VERTEX_ATTRIBS",34922:"VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_NORMALIZED",34930:"MAX_TEXTURE_IMAGE_UNITS",34962:"ARRAY_BUFFER",34963:"ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER",34964:"ARRAY_BUFFER_BINDING",34965:"ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER_BINDING",34975:"VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_BUFFER_BINDING",35040:"STREAM_DRAW",35044:"STATIC_DRAW",35048:"DYNAMIC_DRAW",35632:"FRAGMENT_SHADER",35633:"VERTEX_SHADER",35660:"MAX_VERTEX_TEXTURE_IMAGE_UNITS",35661:"MAX_COMBINED_TEXTURE_IMAGE_UNITS",35663:"SHADER_TYPE",35664:"FLOAT_VEC2",35665:"FLOAT_VEC3",35666:"FLOAT_VEC4",35667:"INT_VEC2",35668:"INT_VEC3",35669:"INT_VEC4",35670:"BOOL",35671:"BOOL_VEC2",35672:"BOOL_VEC3",35673:"BOOL_VEC4",35674:"FLOAT_MAT2",35675:"FLOAT_MAT3",35676:"FLOAT_MAT4",35678:"SAMPLER_2D",35680:"SAMPLER_CUBE",35712:"DELETE_STATUS",35713:"COMPILE_STATUS",35714:"LINK_STATUS",35715:"VALIDATE_STATUS",35716:"INFO_LOG_LENGTH",35717:"ATTACHED_SHADERS",35718:"ACTIVE_UNIFORMS",35719:"ACTIVE_UNIFORM_MAX_LENGTH",35720:"SHADER_SOURCE_LENGTH",35721:"ACTIVE_ATTRIBUTES",35722:"ACTIVE_ATTRIBUTE_MAX_LENGTH",35724:"SHADING_LANGUAGE_VERSION",35725:"CURRENT_PROGRAM",36003:"STENCIL_BACK_REF",36004:"STENCIL_BACK_VALUE_MASK",36005:"STENCIL_BACK_WRITEMASK",36006:"FRAMEBUFFER_BINDING",36007:"RENDERBUFFER_BINDING",36048:"FRAMEBUFFER_ATTACHMENT_OBJECT_TYPE",36049:"FRAMEBUFFER_ATTACHMENT_OBJECT_NAME",36050:"FRAMEBUFFER_ATTACHMENT_TEXTURE_LEVEL",36051:"FRAMEBUFFER_ATTACHMENT_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_FACE",36053:"FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE",36054:"FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_ATTACHMENT",36055:"FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_MISSING_ATTACHMENT",36057:"FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_DIMENSIONS",36061:"FRAMEBUFFER_UNSUPPORTED",36064:"COLOR_ATTACHMENT0",36096:"DEPTH_ATTACHMENT",36128:"STENCIL_ATTACHMENT",36160:"FRAMEBUFFER",36161:"RENDERBUFFER",36162:"RENDERBUFFER_WIDTH",36163:"RENDERBUFFER_HEIGHT",36164:"RENDERBUFFER_INTERNAL_FORMAT",36168:"STENCIL_INDEX8",36176:"RENDERBUFFER_RED_SIZE",36177:"RENDERBUFFER_GREEN_SIZE",36178:"RENDERBUFFER_BLUE_SIZE",36179:"RENDERBUFFER_ALPHA_SIZE",36180:"RENDERBUFFER_DEPTH_SIZE",36181:"RENDERBUFFER_STENCIL_SIZE",36194:"RGB565",36336:"LOW_FLOAT",36337:"MEDIUM_FLOAT",36338:"HIGH_FLOAT",36339:"LOW_INT",36340:"MEDIUM_INT",36341:"HIGH_INT",36346:"SHADER_COMPILER",36347:"MAX_VERTEX_UNIFORM_VECTORS",36348:"MAX_VARYING_VECTORS",36349:"MAX_FRAGMENT_UNIFORM_VECTORS",37440:"UNPACK_FLIP_Y_WEBGL",37441:"UNPACK_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA_WEBGL",37442:"CONTEXT_LOST_WEBGL",37443:"UNPACK_COLORSPACE_CONVERSION_WEBGL",37444:"BROWSER_DEFAULT_WEBGL"}},{}],83:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("./1.0/numbers");e.exports=function(t){return n[t]}},{"./1.0/numbers":82}],84:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){var e=t.gl,r=n(e),o=i(e,[{buffer:r,type:e.FLOAT,size:3,offset:0,stride:40},{buffer:r,type:e.FLOAT,size:4,offset:12,stride:40},{buffer:r,type:e.FLOAT,size:3,offset:28,stride:40}]),l=a(e);l.attributes.position.location=0,l.attributes.color.location=1,l.attributes.offset.location=2;var c=new s(e,r,o,l);return c.update(t),c};var n=t("gl-buffer"),i=t("gl-vao"),a=t("./shaders/index"),o=[1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1];function s(t,e,r,n){this.gl=t,this.shader=n,this.buffer=e,this.vao=r,this.pixelRatio=1,this.bounds=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]],this.clipBounds=[[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],[1/0,1/0,1/0]],this.lineWidth=[1,1,1],this.capSize=[10,10,10],this.lineCount=[0,0,0],this.lineOffset=[0,0,0],this.opacity=1,this.hasAlpha=!1}var l=s.prototype;function c(t,e){for(var r=0;r<3;++r)t[0][r]=Math.min(t[0][r],e[r]),t[1][r]=Math.max(t[1][r],e[r])}l.isOpaque=function(){return!this.hasAlpha},l.isTransparent=function(){return this.hasAlpha},l.drawTransparent=l.draw=function(t){var e=this.gl,r=this.shader.uniforms;this.shader.bind();var n=r.view=t.view||o,i=r.projection=t.projection||o;r.model=t.model||o,r.clipBounds=this.clipBounds,r.opacity=this.opacity;var a=n[12],s=n[13],l=n[14],c=n[15],u=(t._ortho||!1?2:1)*this.pixelRatio*(i[3]*a+i[7]*s+i[11]*l+i[15]*c)/e.drawingBufferHeight;this.vao.bind();for(var f=0;f<3;++f)e.lineWidth(this.lineWidth[f]*this.pixelRatio),r.capSize=this.capSize[f]*u,this.lineCount[f]&&e.drawArrays(e.LINES,this.lineOffset[f],this.lineCount[f]);this.vao.unbind()};var u=function(){for(var t=new Array(3),e=0;e<3;++e){for(var r=[],n=1;n<=2;++n)for(var i=-1;i<=1;i+=2){var a=[0,0,0];a[(n+e)%3]=i,r.push(a)}t[e]=r}return t}();function f(t,e,r,n){for(var i=u[n],a=0;a<i.length;++a){var o=i[a];t.push(e[0],e[1],e[2],r[0],r[1],r[2],r[3],o[0],o[1],o[2])}return i.length}l.update=function(t){"lineWidth"in(t=t||{})&&(this.lineWidth=t.lineWidth,Array.isArray(this.lineWidth)||(this.lineWidth=[this.lineWidth,this.lineWidth,this.lineWidth])),"capSize"in t&&(this.capSize=t.capSize,Array.isArray(this.capSize)||(this.capSize=[this.capSize,this.capSize,this.capSize])),this.hasAlpha=!1,"opacity"in t&&(this.opacity=+t.opacity,this.opacity<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0));var e=t.color||[[0,0,0],[0,0,0],[0,0,0]],r=t.position,n=t.error;if(Array.isArray(e[0])||(e=[e,e,e]),r&&n){var i=[],a=r.length,o=0;this.bounds=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]],this.lineCount=[0,0,0];for(var s=0;s<3;++s){this.lineOffset[s]=o;t:for(var l=0;l<a;++l){for(var u=r[l],h=0;h<3;++h)if(isNaN(u[h])||!isFinite(u[h]))continue t;var p=n[l],d=e[s];if(Array.isArray(d[0])&&(d=e[l]),3===d.length?d=[d[0],d[1],d[2],1]:4===d.length&&(d=[d[0],d[1],d[2],d[3]],!this.hasAlpha&&d[3]<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0)),!isNaN(p[0][s])&&!isNaN(p[1][s])){var m;if(p[0][s]<0)(m=u.slice())[s]+=p[0][s],i.push(u[0],u[1],u[2],d[0],d[1],d[2],d[3],0,0,0,m[0],m[1],m[2],d[0],d[1],d[2],d[3],0,0,0),c(this.bounds,m),o+=2+f(i,m,d,s);if(p[1][s]>0)(m=u.slice())[s]+=p[1][s],i.push(u[0],u[1],u[2],d[0],d[1],d[2],d[3],0,0,0,m[0],m[1],m[2],d[0],d[1],d[2],d[3],0,0,0),c(this.bounds,m),o+=2+f(i,m,d,s)}}this.lineCount[s]=o-this.lineOffset[s]}this.buffer.update(i)}},l.dispose=function(){this.shader.dispose(),this.buffer.dispose(),this.vao.dispose()}},{"./shaders/index":85,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-vao":150}],85:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("glslify"),i=t("gl-shader"),a=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec3 position, offset;\nattribute vec4 color;\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\nuniform float capSize;\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\nvarying vec3 fragPosition;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec4 worldPosition = model * vec4(position, 1.0);\n worldPosition = (worldPosition / worldPosition.w) + vec4(capSize * offset, 0.0);\n gl_Position = projection * view * worldPosition;\n fragColor = color;\n fragPosition = position;\n}"]),o=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float opacity;\nvarying vec3 fragPosition;\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (\n outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], fragPosition) ||\n fragColor.a * opacity == 0.\n ) discard;\n\n gl_FragColor = opacity * fragColor;\n}"]);e.exports=function(t){return i(t,a,o,null,[{name:"position",type:"vec3"},{name:"color",type:"vec4"},{name:"offset",type:"vec3"}])}},{"gl-shader":132,glslify:231}],86:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("gl-texture2d");e.exports=function(t,e,r,n){i||(i=t.FRAMEBUFFER_UNSUPPORTED,a=t.FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_ATTACHMENT,o=t.FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_DIMENSIONS,s=t.FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_MISSING_ATTACHMENT);var c=t.getExtension("WEBGL_draw_buffers");!l&&c&&function(t,e){var r=t.getParameter(e.MAX_COLOR_ATTACHMENTS_WEBGL);l=new Array(r+1);for(var n=0;n<=r;++n){for(var i=new Array(r),a=0;a<n;++a)i[a]=t.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0+a;for(a=n;a<r;++a)i[a]=t.NONE;l[n]=i}}(t,c);Array.isArray(e)&&(n=r,r=0|e[1],e=0|e[0]);if("number"!=typeof e)throw new Error("gl-fbo: Missing shape parameter");var u=t.getParameter(t.MAX_RENDERBUFFER_SIZE);if(e<0||e>u||r<0||r>u)throw new Error("gl-fbo: Parameters are too large for FBO");var f=1;if("color"in(n=n||{})){if((f=Math.max(0|n.color,0))<0)throw new Error("gl-fbo: Must specify a nonnegative number of colors");if(f>1){if(!c)throw new Error("gl-fbo: Multiple draw buffer extension not supported");if(f>t.getParameter(c.MAX_COLOR_ATTACHMENTS_WEBGL))throw new Error("gl-fbo: Context does not support "+f+" draw buffers")}}var h=t.UNSIGNED_BYTE,p=t.getExtension("OES_texture_float");if(n.float&&f>0){if(!p)throw new Error("gl-fbo: Context does not support floating point textures");h=t.FLOAT}else n.preferFloat&&f>0&&p&&(h=t.FLOAT);var m=!0;"depth"in n&&(m=!!n.depth);var g=!1;"stencil"in n&&(g=!!n.stencil);return new d(t,e,r,h,f,m,g,c)};var i,a,o,s,l=null;function c(t){return[t.getParameter(t.FRAMEBUFFER_BINDING),t.getParameter(t.RENDERBUFFER_BINDING),t.getParameter(t.TEXTURE_BINDING_2D)]}function u(t,e){t.bindFramebuffer(t.FRAMEBUFFER,e[0]),t.bindRenderbuffer(t.RENDERBUFFER,e[1]),t.bindTexture(t.TEXTURE_2D,e[2])}function f(t){switch(t){case i:throw new Error("gl-fbo: Framebuffer unsupported");case a:throw new Error("gl-fbo: Framebuffer incomplete attachment");case o:throw new Error("gl-fbo: Framebuffer incomplete dimensions");case s:throw new Error("gl-fbo: Framebuffer incomplete missing attachment");default:throw new Error("gl-fbo: Framebuffer failed for unspecified reason")}}function h(t,e,r,i,a,o){if(!i)return null;var s=n(t,e,r,a,i);return s.magFilter=t.NEAREST,s.minFilter=t.NEAREST,s.mipSamples=1,s.bind(),t.framebufferTexture2D(t.FRAMEBUFFER,o,t.TEXTURE_2D,s.handle,0),s}function p(t,e,r,n,i){var a=t.createRenderbuffer();return t.bindRenderbuffer(t.RENDERBUFFER,a),t.renderbufferStorage(t.RENDERBUFFER,n,e,r),t.framebufferRenderbuffer(t.FRAMEBUFFER,i,t.RENDERBUFFER,a),a}function d(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s){this.gl=t,this._shape=[0|e,0|r],this._destroyed=!1,this._ext=s,this.color=new Array(i);for(var d=0;d<i;++d)this.color[d]=null;this._color_rb=null,this.depth=null,this._depth_rb=null,this._colorType=n,this._useDepth=a,this._useStencil=o;var m=this,g=[0|e,0|r];Object.defineProperties(g,{0:{get:function(){return m._shape[0]},set:function(t){return m.width=t}},1:{get:function(){return m._shape[1]},set:function(t){return m.height=t}}}),this._shapeVector=g,function(t){var e=c(t.gl),r=t.gl,n=t.handle=r.createFramebuffer(),i=t._shape[0],a=t._shape[1],o=t.color.length,s=t._ext,d=t._useStencil,m=t._useDepth,g=t._colorType;r.bindFramebuffer(r.FRAMEBUFFER,n);for(var v=0;v<o;++v)t.color[v]=h(r,i,a,g,r.RGBA,r.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0+v);0===o?(t._color_rb=p(r,i,a,r.RGBA4,r.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0),s&&s.drawBuffersWEBGL(l[0])):o>1&&s.drawBuffersWEBGL(l[o]);var y=r.getExtension("WEBGL_depth_texture");y?d?t.depth=h(r,i,a,y.UNSIGNED_INT_24_8_WEBGL,r.DEPTH_STENCIL,r.DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT):m&&(t.depth=h(r,i,a,r.UNSIGNED_SHORT,r.DEPTH_COMPONENT,r.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT)):m&&d?t._depth_rb=p(r,i,a,r.DEPTH_STENCIL,r.DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT):m?t._depth_rb=p(r,i,a,r.DEPTH_COMPONENT16,r.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT):d&&(t._depth_rb=p(r,i,a,r.STENCIL_INDEX,r.STENCIL_ATTACHMENT));var x=r.checkFramebufferStatus(r.FRAMEBUFFER);if(x!==r.FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE){t._destroyed=!0,r.bindFramebuffer(r.FRAMEBUFFER,null),r.deleteFramebuffer(t.handle),t.handle=null,t.depth&&(t.depth.dispose(),t.depth=null),t._depth_rb&&(r.deleteRenderbuffer(t._depth_rb),t._depth_rb=null);for(v=0;v<t.color.length;++v)t.color[v].dispose(),t.color[v]=null;t._color_rb&&(r.deleteRenderbuffer(t._color_rb),t._color_rb=null),u(r,e),f(x)}u(r,e)}(this)}var m=d.prototype;function g(t,e,r){if(t._destroyed)throw new Error("gl-fbo: Can't resize destroyed FBO");if(t._shape[0]!==e||t._shape[1]!==r){var n=t.gl,i=n.getParameter(n.MAX_RENDERBUFFER_SIZE);if(e<0||e>i||r<0||r>i)throw new Error("gl-fbo: Can't resize FBO, invalid dimensions");t._shape[0]=e,t._shape[1]=r;for(var a=c(n),o=0;o<t.color.length;++o)t.color[o].shape=t._shape;t._color_rb&&(n.bindRenderbuffer(n.RENDERBUFFER,t._color_rb),n.renderbufferStorage(n.RENDERBUFFER,n.RGBA4,t._shape[0],t._shape[1])),t.depth&&(t.depth.shape=t._shape),t._depth_rb&&(n.bindRenderbuffer(n.RENDERBUFFER,t._depth_rb),t._useDepth&&t._useStencil?n.renderbufferStorage(n.RENDERBUFFER,n.DEPTH_STENCIL,t._shape[0],t._shape[1]):t._useDepth?n.renderbufferStorage(n.RENDERBUFFER,n.DEPTH_COMPONENT16,t._shape[0],t._shape[1]):t._useStencil&&n.renderbufferStorage(n.RENDERBUFFER,n.STENCIL_INDEX,t._shape[0],t._shape[1])),n.bindFramebuffer(n.FRAMEBUFFER,t.handle);var s=n.checkFramebufferStatus(n.FRAMEBUFFER);s!==n.FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE&&(t.dispose(),u(n,a),f(s)),u(n,a)}}Object.defineProperties(m,{shape:{get:function(){return this._destroyed?[0,0]:this._shapeVector},set:function(t){if(Array.isArray(t)||(t=[0|t,0|t]),2!==t.length)throw new Error("gl-fbo: Shape vector must be length 2");var e=0|t[0],r=0|t[1];return g(this,e,r),[e,r]},enumerable:!1},width:{get:function(){return this._destroyed?0:this._shape[0]},set:function(t){return g(this,t|=0,this._shape[1]),t},enumerable:!1},height:{get:function(){return this._destroyed?0:this._shape[1]},set:function(t){return t|=0,g(this,this._shape[0],t),t},enumerable:!1}}),m.bind=function(){if(!this._destroyed){var t=this.gl;t.bindFramebuffer(t.FRAMEBUFFER,this.handle),t.viewport(0,0,this._shape[0],this._shape[1])}},m.dispose=function(){if(!this._destroyed){this._destroyed=!0;var t=this.gl;t.deleteFramebuffer(this.handle),this.handle=null,this.depth&&(this.depth.dispose(),this.depth=null),this._depth_rb&&(t.deleteRenderbuffer(this._depth_rb),this._depth_rb=null);for(var e=0;e<this.color.length;++e)this.color[e].dispose(),this.color[e]=null;this._color_rb&&(t.deleteRenderbuffer(this._color_rb),this._color_rb=null)}}},{"gl-texture2d":146}],87:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("sprintf-js").sprintf,i=t("gl-constants/lookup"),a=t("glsl-shader-name"),o=t("add-line-numbers");e.exports=function(t,e,r){"use strict";var s=a(e)||"of unknown name (see npm glsl-shader-name)",l="unknown type";void 0!==r&&(l=r===i.FRAGMENT_SHADER?"fragment":"vertex");for(var c=n("Error compiling %s shader %s:\n",l,s),u=n("%s%s",c,t),f=t.split("\n"),h={},p=0;p<f.length;p++){var d=f[p];if(""!==d&&"\0"!==d){var m=parseInt(d.split(":")[2]);if(isNaN(m))throw new Error(n("Could not parse error: %s",d));h[m]=d}}var g=o(e).split("\n");for(p=0;p<g.length;p++)if(h[p+3]||h[p+2]||h[p+1]){var v=g[p];if(c+=v+"\n",h[p+1]){var y=h[p+1];y=y.substr(y.split(":",3).join(":").length+1).trim(),c+=n("^^^ %s\n\n",y)}}return{long:c.trim(),short:u.trim()}}},{"add-line-numbers":9,"gl-constants/lookup":83,"glsl-shader-name":223,"sprintf-js":301}],88:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e){var r=t.gl,n=o(r,l.vertex,l.fragment),i=o(r,l.pickVertex,l.pickFragment),a=s(r),u=s(r),f=s(r),h=s(r),p=new c(t,n,i,a,u,f,h);return p.update(e),t.addObject(p),p};var n=t("binary-search-bounds"),i=t("iota-array"),a=t("typedarray-pool"),o=t("gl-shader"),s=t("gl-buffer"),l=t("./lib/shaders");function c(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){this.plot=t,this.shader=e,this.pickShader=r,this.positionBuffer=n,this.weightBuffer=i,this.colorBuffer=a,this.idBuffer=o,this.xData=[],this.yData=[],this.shape=[0,0],this.bounds=[1/0,1/0,-1/0,-1/0],this.pickOffset=0}var u,f=c.prototype,h=[0,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1];f.draw=(u=[1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1],function(){var t=this.plot,e=this.shader,r=this.bounds,n=this.numVertices;if(!(n<=0)){var i=t.gl,a=t.dataBox,o=r[2]-r[0],s=r[3]-r[1],l=a[2]-a[0],c=a[3]-a[1];u[0]=2*o/l,u[4]=2*s/c,u[6]=2*(r[0]-a[0])/l-1,u[7]=2*(r[1]-a[1])/c-1,e.bind();var f=e.uniforms;f.viewTransform=u,f.shape=this.shape;var h=e.attributes;this.positionBuffer.bind(),h.position.pointer(),this.weightBuffer.bind(),h.weight.pointer(i.UNSIGNED_BYTE,!1),this.colorBuffer.bind(),h.color.pointer(i.UNSIGNED_BYTE,!0),i.drawArrays(i.TRIANGLES,0,n)}}),f.drawPick=function(){var t=[1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1],e=[0,0,0,0];return function(r){var n=this.plot,i=this.pickShader,a=this.bounds,o=this.numVertices;if(!(o<=0)){var s=n.gl,l=n.dataBox,c=a[2]-a[0],u=a[3]-a[1],f=l[2]-l[0],h=l[3]-l[1];t[0]=2*c/f,t[4]=2*u/h,t[6]=2*(a[0]-l[0])/f-1,t[7]=2*(a[1]-l[1])/h-1;for(var p=0;p<4;++p)e[p]=r>>8*p&255;this.pickOffset=r,i.bind();var d=i.uniforms;d.viewTransform=t,d.pickOffset=e,d.shape=this.shape;var m=i.attributes;return this.positionBuffer.bind(),m.position.pointer(),this.weightBuffer.bind(),m.weight.pointer(s.UNSIGNED_BYTE,!1),this.idBuffer.bind(),m.pickId.pointer(s.UNSIGNED_BYTE,!1),s.drawArrays(s.TRIANGLES,0,o),r+this.shape[0]*this.shape[1]}}}(),f.pick=function(t,e,r){var n=this.pickOffset,i=this.shape[0]*this.shape[1];if(r<n||r>=n+i)return null;var a=r-n,o=this.xData,s=this.yData;return{object:this,pointId:a,dataCoord:[o[a%this.shape[0]],s[a/this.shape[0]|0]]}},f.update=function(t){var e=(t=t||{}).shape||[0,0],r=t.x||i(e[0]),o=t.y||i(e[1]),s=t.z||new Float32Array(e[0]*e[1]),l=!1!==t.zsmooth;this.xData=r,this.yData=o;var c,u,f,p,d=t.colorLevels||[0],m=t.colorValues||[0,0,0,1],g=d.length,v=this.bounds;l?(c=v[0]=r[0],u=v[1]=o[0],f=v[2]=r[r.length-1],p=v[3]=o[o.length-1]):(c=v[0]=r[0]+(r[1]-r[0])/2,u=v[1]=o[0]+(o[1]-o[0])/2,f=v[2]=r[r.length-1]+(r[r.length-1]-r[r.length-2])/2,p=v[3]=o[o.length-1]+(o[o.length-1]-o[o.length-2])/2);var y=1/(f-c),x=1/(p-u),b=e[0],_=e[1];this.shape=[b,_];var w=(l?(b-1)*(_-1):b*_)*(h.length>>>1);this.numVertices=w;for(var T=a.mallocUint8(4*w),k=a.mallocFloat32(2*w),A=a.mallocUint8(2*w),M=a.mallocUint32(w),S=0,E=l?b-1:b,L=l?_-1:_,C=0;C<L;++C){var P,I;l?(P=x*(o[C]-u),I=x*(o[C+1]-u)):(P=C<_-1?x*(o[C]-(o[C+1]-o[C])/2-u):x*(o[C]-(o[C]-o[C-1])/2-u),I=C<_-1?x*(o[C]+(o[C+1]-o[C])/2-u):x*(o[C]+(o[C]-o[C-1])/2-u));for(var O=0;O<E;++O){var z,D;l?(z=y*(r[O]-c),D=y*(r[O+1]-c)):(z=O<b-1?y*(r[O]-(r[O+1]-r[O])/2-c):y*(r[O]-(r[O]-r[O-1])/2-c),D=O<b-1?y*(r[O]+(r[O+1]-r[O])/2-c):y*(r[O]+(r[O]-r[O-1])/2-c));for(var R=0;R<h.length;R+=2){var F,B,N,j,U=h[R],V=h[R+1],H=s[l?(C+V)*b+(O+U):C*b+O],q=n.le(d,H);if(q<0)F=m[0],B=m[1],N=m[2],j=m[3];else if(q===g-1)F=m[4*g-4],B=m[4*g-3],N=m[4*g-2],j=m[4*g-1];else{var G=(H-d[q])/(d[q+1]-d[q]),Y=1-G,W=4*q,Z=4*(q+1);F=Y*m[W]+G*m[Z],B=Y*m[W+1]+G*m[Z+1],N=Y*m[W+2]+G*m[Z+2],j=Y*m[W+3]+G*m[Z+3]}T[4*S]=255*F,T[4*S+1]=255*B,T[4*S+2]=255*N,T[4*S+3]=255*j,k[2*S]=.5*z+.5*D,k[2*S+1]=.5*P+.5*I,A[2*S]=U,A[2*S+1]=V,M[S]=C*b+O,S+=1}}}this.positionBuffer.update(k),this.weightBuffer.update(A),this.colorBuffer.update(T),this.idBuffer.update(M),a.free(k),a.free(T),a.free(A),a.free(M)},f.dispose=function(){this.shader.dispose(),this.pickShader.dispose(),this.positionBuffer.dispose(),this.weightBuffer.dispose(),this.colorBuffer.dispose(),this.idBuffer.dispose(),this.plot.removeObject(this)}},{"./lib/shaders":89,"binary-search-bounds":31,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-shader":132,"iota-array":235,"typedarray-pool":308}],89:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("glslify");e.exports={fragment:n(["precision lowp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\nvoid main() {\n gl_FragColor = vec4(fragColor.rgb * fragColor.a, fragColor.a);\n}\n"]),vertex:n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec2 position;\nattribute vec4 color;\nattribute vec2 weight;\n\nuniform vec2 shape;\nuniform mat3 viewTransform;\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec3 vPosition = viewTransform * vec3( position + (weight-.5)/(shape-1.) , 1.0);\n fragColor = color;\n gl_Position = vec4(vPosition.xy, 0, vPosition.z);\n}\n"]),pickFragment:n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nvarying vec4 fragId;\nvarying vec2 vWeight;\n\nuniform vec2 shape;\nuniform vec4 pickOffset;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec2 d = step(.5, vWeight);\n vec4 id = fragId + pickOffset;\n id.x += d.x + d.y*shape.x;\n\n id.y += floor(id.x / 256.0);\n id.x -= floor(id.x / 256.0) * 256.0;\n\n id.z += floor(id.y / 256.0);\n id.y -= floor(id.y / 256.0) * 256.0;\n\n id.w += floor(id.z / 256.0);\n id.z -= floor(id.z / 256.0) * 256.0;\n\n gl_FragColor = id/255.;\n}\n"]),pickVertex:n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec2 position;\nattribute vec4 pickId;\nattribute vec2 weight;\n\nuniform vec2 shape;\nuniform mat3 viewTransform;\n\nvarying vec4 fragId;\nvarying vec2 vWeight;\n\nvoid main() {\n vWeight = weight;\n\n fragId = pickId;\n\n vec3 vPosition = viewTransform * vec3( position + (weight-.5)/(shape-1.) , 1.0);\n gl_Position = vec4(vPosition.xy, 0, vPosition.z);\n}\n"])}},{glslify:231}],90:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("glslify"),i=t("gl-shader"),a=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec3 position, nextPosition;\nattribute float arcLength, lineWidth;\nattribute vec4 color;\n\nuniform vec2 screenShape;\nuniform float pixelRatio;\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\n\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\nvarying vec3 worldPosition;\nvarying float pixelArcLength;\n\nvec4 project(vec3 p) {\n return projection * view * model * vec4(p, 1.0);\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n vec4 startPoint = project(position);\n vec4 endPoint = project(nextPosition);\n\n vec2 A = startPoint.xy / startPoint.w;\n vec2 B = endPoint.xy / endPoint.w;\n\n float clipAngle = atan(\n (B.y - A.y) * screenShape.y,\n (B.x - A.x) * screenShape.x\n );\n\n vec2 offset = 0.5 * pixelRatio * lineWidth * vec2(\n sin(clipAngle),\n -cos(clipAngle)\n ) / screenShape;\n\n gl_Position = vec4(startPoint.xy + startPoint.w * offset, startPoint.zw);\n\n worldPosition = position;\n pixelArcLength = arcLength;\n fragColor = color;\n}\n"]),o=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform sampler2D dashTexture;\nuniform float dashScale;\nuniform float opacity;\n\nvarying vec3 worldPosition;\nvarying float pixelArcLength;\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (\n outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], worldPosition) ||\n fragColor.a * opacity == 0.\n ) discard;\n\n float dashWeight = texture2D(dashTexture, vec2(dashScale * pixelArcLength, 0)).r;\n if(dashWeight < 0.5) {\n discard;\n }\n gl_FragColor = fragColor * opacity;\n}\n"]),s=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\n#define FLOAT_MAX 1.70141184e38\n#define FLOAT_MIN 1.17549435e-38\n\n// https://github.com/mikolalysenko/glsl-read-float/blob/master/index.glsl\nvec4 packFloat(float v) {\n float av = abs(v);\n\n //Handle special cases\n if(av < FLOAT_MIN) {\n return vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);\n } else if(v > FLOAT_MAX) {\n return vec4(127.0, 128.0, 0.0, 0.0) / 255.0;\n } else if(v < -FLOAT_MAX) {\n return vec4(255.0, 128.0, 0.0, 0.0) / 255.0;\n }\n\n vec4 c = vec4(0,0,0,0);\n\n //Compute exponent and mantissa\n float e = floor(log2(av));\n float m = av * pow(2.0, -e) - 1.0;\n\n //Unpack mantissa\n c[1] = floor(128.0 * m);\n m -= c[1] / 128.0;\n c[2] = floor(32768.0 * m);\n m -= c[2] / 32768.0;\n c[3] = floor(8388608.0 * m);\n\n //Unpack exponent\n float ebias = e + 127.0;\n c[0] = floor(ebias / 2.0);\n ebias -= c[0] * 2.0;\n c[1] += floor(ebias) * 128.0;\n\n //Unpack sign bit\n c[0] += 128.0 * step(0.0, -v);\n\n //Scale back to range\n return c / 255.0;\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform float pickId;\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\n\nvarying vec3 worldPosition;\nvarying float pixelArcLength;\nvarying vec4 fragColor;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], worldPosition)) discard;\n\n gl_FragColor = vec4(pickId/255.0, packFloat(pixelArcLength).xyz);\n}"]),l=[{name:"position",type:"vec3"},{name:"nextPosition",type:"vec3"},{name:"arcLength",type:"float"},{name:"lineWidth",type:"float"},{name:"color",type:"vec4"}];r.createShader=function(t){return i(t,a,o,null,l)},r.createPickShader=function(t){return i(t,a,s,null,l)}},{"gl-shader":132,glslify:231}],91:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){var e=t.gl||t.scene&&t.scene.gl,r=f(e);r.attributes.position.location=0,r.attributes.nextPosition.location=1,r.attributes.arcLength.location=2,r.attributes.lineWidth.location=3,r.attributes.color.location=4;var o=h(e);o.attributes.position.location=0,o.attributes.nextPosition.location=1,o.attributes.arcLength.location=2,o.attributes.lineWidth.location=3,o.attributes.color.location=4;for(var s=n(e),l=i(e,[{buffer:s,size:3,offset:0,stride:48},{buffer:s,size:3,offset:12,stride:48},{buffer:s,size:1,offset:24,stride:48},{buffer:s,size:1,offset:28,stride:48},{buffer:s,size:4,offset:32,stride:48}]),u=c(new Array(1024),[256,1,4]),p=0;p<1024;++p)u.data[p]=255;var d=a(e,u);d.wrap=e.REPEAT;var m=new v(e,r,o,s,l,d);return m.update(t),m};var n=t("gl-buffer"),i=t("gl-vao"),a=t("gl-texture2d"),o=new Uint8Array(4),s=new Float32Array(o.buffer);var l=t("binary-search-bounds"),c=t("ndarray"),u=t("./lib/shaders"),f=u.createShader,h=u.createPickShader,p=[1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1];function d(t,e){for(var r=0,n=0;n<3;++n){var i=t[n]-e[n];r+=i*i}return Math.sqrt(r)}function m(t){for(var e=[[-1e6,-1e6,-1e6],[1e6,1e6,1e6]],r=0;r<3;++r)e[0][r]=Math.max(t[0][r],e[0][r]),e[1][r]=Math.min(t[1][r],e[1][r]);return e}function g(t,e,r,n){this.arcLength=t,this.position=e,this.index=r,this.dataCoordinate=n}function v(t,e,r,n,i,a){this.gl=t,this.shader=e,this.pickShader=r,this.buffer=n,this.vao=i,this.clipBounds=[[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],[1/0,1/0,1/0]],this.points=[],this.arcLength=[],this.vertexCount=0,this.bounds=[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]],this.pickId=0,this.lineWidth=1,this.texture=a,this.dashScale=1,this.opacity=1,this.hasAlpha=!1,this.dirty=!0,this.pixelRatio=1}var y=v.prototype;y.isTransparent=function(){return this.hasAlpha},y.isOpaque=function(){return!this.hasAlpha},y.pickSlots=1,y.setPickBase=function(t){this.pickId=t},y.drawTransparent=y.draw=function(t){if(this.vertexCount){var e=this.gl,r=this.shader,n=this.vao;r.bind(),r.uniforms={model:t.model||p,view:t.view||p,projection:t.projection||p,clipBounds:m(this.clipBounds),dashTexture:this.texture.bind(),dashScale:this.dashScale/this.arcLength[this.arcLength.length-1],opacity:this.opacity,screenShape:[e.drawingBufferWidth,e.drawingBufferHeight],pixelRatio:this.pixelRatio},n.bind(),n.draw(e.TRIANGLE_STRIP,this.vertexCount),n.unbind()}},y.drawPick=function(t){if(this.vertexCount){var e=this.gl,r=this.pickShader,n=this.vao;r.bind(),r.uniforms={model:t.model||p,view:t.view||p,projection:t.projection||p,pickId:this.pickId,clipBounds:m(this.clipBounds),screenShape:[e.drawingBufferWidth,e.drawingBufferHeight],pixelRatio:this.pixelRatio},n.bind(),n.draw(e.TRIANGLE_STRIP,this.vertexCount),n.unbind()}},y.update=function(t){var e,r;this.dirty=!0;var n=!!t.connectGaps;"dashScale"in t&&(this.dashScale=t.dashScale),this.hasAlpha=!1,"opacity"in t&&(this.opacity=+t.opacity,this.opacity<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0));var i=[],a=[],o=[],s=0,u=0,f=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]],h=t.position||t.positions;if(h){var p=t.color||t.colors||[0,0,0,1],m=t.lineWidth||1,g=!1;t:for(e=1;e<h.length;++e){var v,y,x,b=h[e-1],_=h[e];for(a.push(s),o.push(b.slice()),r=0;r<3;++r){if(isNaN(b[r])||isNaN(_[r])||!isFinite(b[r])||!isFinite(_[r])){if(!n&&i.length>0){for(var w=0;w<24;++w)i.push(i[i.length-12]);u+=2,g=!0}continue t}f[0][r]=Math.min(f[0][r],b[r],_[r]),f[1][r]=Math.max(f[1][r],b[r],_[r])}Array.isArray(p[0])?(v=p.length>e-1?p[e-1]:p.length>0?p[p.length-1]:[0,0,0,1],y=p.length>e?p[e]:p.length>0?p[p.length-1]:[0,0,0,1]):v=y=p,3===v.length&&(v=[v[0],v[1],v[2],1]),3===y.length&&(y=[y[0],y[1],y[2],1]),!this.hasAlpha&&v[3]<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0),x=Array.isArray(m)?m.length>e-1?m[e-1]:m.length>0?m[m.length-1]:[0,0,0,1]:m;var T=s;if(s+=d(b,_),g){for(r=0;r<2;++r)i.push(b[0],b[1],b[2],_[0],_[1],_[2],T,x,v[0],v[1],v[2],v[3]);u+=2,g=!1}i.push(b[0],b[1],b[2],_[0],_[1],_[2],T,x,v[0],v[1],v[2],v[3],b[0],b[1],b[2],_[0],_[1],_[2],T,-x,v[0],v[1],v[2],v[3],_[0],_[1],_[2],b[0],b[1],b[2],s,-x,y[0],y[1],y[2],y[3],_[0],_[1],_[2],b[0],b[1],b[2],s,x,y[0],y[1],y[2],y[3]),u+=4}}if(this.buffer.update(i),a.push(s),o.push(h[h.length-1].slice()),this.bounds=f,this.vertexCount=u,this.points=o,this.arcLength=a,"dashes"in t){var k=t.dashes.slice();for(k.unshift(0),e=1;e<k.length;++e)k[e]=k[e-1]+k[e];var A=c(new Array(1024),[256,1,4]);for(e=0;e<256;++e){for(r=0;r<4;++r)A.set(e,0,r,0);1&l.le(k,k[k.length-1]*e/255)?A.set(e,0,0,0):A.set(e,0,0,255)}this.texture.setPixels(A)}},y.dispose=function(){this.shader.dispose(),this.vao.dispose(),this.buffer.dispose()},y.pick=function(t){if(!t)return null;if(t.id!==this.pickId)return null;var e=function(t,e,r,n){return o[0]=n,o[1]=r,o[2]=e,o[3]=t,s[0]}(t.value[0],t.value[1],t.value[2],0),r=l.le(this.arcLength,e);if(r<0)return null;if(r===this.arcLength.length-1)return new g(this.arcLength[this.arcLength.length-1],this.points[this.points.length-1].slice(),r);for(var n=this.points[r],i=this.points[Math.min(r+1,this.points.length-1)],a=(e-this.arcLength[r])/(this.arcLength[r+1]-this.arcLength[r]),c=1-a,u=[0,0,0],f=0;f<3;++f)u[f]=c*n[f]+a*i[f];var h=Math.min(a<.5?r:r+1,this.points.length-1);return new g(e,u,h,this.points[h])}},{"./lib/shaders":90,"binary-search-bounds":31,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-texture2d":146,"gl-vao":150,ndarray:259}],92:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t){var e=new Float32Array(16);return e[0]=t[0],e[1]=t[1],e[2]=t[2],e[3]=t[3],e[4]=t[4],e[5]=t[5],e[6]=t[6],e[7]=t[7],e[8]=t[8],e[9]=t[9],e[10]=t[10],e[11]=t[11],e[12]=t[12],e[13]=t[13],e[14]=t[14],e[15]=t[15],e}},{}],93:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(){var t=new Float32Array(16);return t[0]=1,t[1]=0,t[2]=0,t[3]=0,t[4]=0,t[5]=1,t[6]=0,t[7]=0,t[8]=0,t[9]=0,t[10]=1,t[11]=0,t[12]=0,t[13]=0,t[14]=0,t[15]=1,t}},{}],94:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t){var e=t[0],r=t[1],n=t[2],i=t[3],a=t[4],o=t[5],s=t[6],l=t[7],c=t[8],u=t[9],f=t[10],h=t[11],p=t[12],d=t[13],m=t[14],g=t[15];return(e*o-r*a)*(f*g-h*m)-(e*s-n*a)*(u*g-h*d)+(e*l-i*a)*(u*m-f*d)+(r*s-n*o)*(c*g-h*p)-(r*l-i*o)*(c*m-f*p)+(n*l-i*s)*(c*d-u*p)}},{}],95:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e){var r=e[0],n=e[1],i=e[2],a=e[3],o=r+r,s=n+n,l=i+i,c=r*o,u=n*o,f=n*s,h=i*o,p=i*s,d=i*l,m=a*o,g=a*s,v=a*l;return t[0]=1-f-d,t[1]=u+v,t[2]=h-g,t[3]=0,t[4]=u-v,t[5]=1-c-d,t[6]=p+m,t[7]=0,t[8]=h+g,t[9]=p-m,t[10]=1-c-f,t[11]=0,t[12]=0,t[13]=0,t[14]=0,t[15]=1,t}},{}],96:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=e[0],i=e[1],a=e[2],o=e[3],s=n+n,l=i+i,c=a+a,u=n*s,f=n*l,h=n*c,p=i*l,d=i*c,m=a*c,g=o*s,v=o*l,y=o*c;return t[0]=1-(p+m),t[1]=f+y,t[2]=h-v,t[3]=0,t[4]=f-y,t[5]=1-(u+m),t[6]=d+g,t[7]=0,t[8]=h+v,t[9]=d-g,t[10]=1-(u+p),t[11]=0,t[12]=r[0],t[13]=r[1],t[14]=r[2],t[15]=1,t}},{}],97:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t){return t[0]=1,t[1]=0,t[2]=0,t[3]=0,t[4]=0,t[5]=1,t[6]=0,t[7]=0,t[8]=0,t[9]=0,t[10]=1,t[11]=0,t[12]=0,t[13]=0,t[14]=0,t[15]=1,t}},{}],98:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e){var r=e[0],n=e[1],i=e[2],a=e[3],o=e[4],s=e[5],l=e[6],c=e[7],u=e[8],f=e[9],h=e[10],p=e[11],d=e[12],m=e[13],g=e[14],v=e[15],y=r*s-n*o,x=r*l-i*o,b=r*c-a*o,_=n*l-i*s,w=n*c-a*s,T=i*c-a*l,k=u*m-f*d,A=u*g-h*d,M=u*v-p*d,S=f*g-h*m,E=f*v-p*m,L=h*v-p*g,C=y*L-x*E+b*S+_*M-w*A+T*k;if(!C)return null;return C=1/C,t[0]=(s*L-l*E+c*S)*C,t[1]=(i*E-n*L-a*S)*C,t[2]=(m*T-g*w+v*_)*C,t[3]=(h*w-f*T-p*_)*C,t[4]=(l*M-o*L-c*A)*C,t[5]=(r*L-i*M+a*A)*C,t[6]=(g*b-d*T-v*x)*C,t[7]=(u*T-h*b+p*x)*C,t[8]=(o*E-s*M+c*k)*C,t[9]=(n*M-r*E-a*k)*C,t[10]=(d*w-m*b+v*y)*C,t[11]=(f*b-u*w-p*y)*C,t[12]=(s*A-o*S-l*k)*C,t[13]=(r*S-n*A+i*k)*C,t[14]=(m*x-d*_-g*y)*C,t[15]=(u*_-f*x+h*y)*C,t}},{}],99:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("./identity");e.exports=function(t,e,r,i){var a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m=e[0],g=e[1],v=e[2],y=i[0],x=i[1],b=i[2],_=r[0],w=r[1],T=r[2];if(Math.abs(m-_)<1e-6&&Math.abs(g-w)<1e-6&&Math.abs(v-T)<1e-6)return n(t);f=m-_,h=g-w,p=v-T,d=1/Math.sqrt(f*f+h*h+p*p),a=x*(p*=d)-b*(h*=d),o=b*(f*=d)-y*p,s=y*h-x*f,(d=Math.sqrt(a*a+o*o+s*s))?(a*=d=1/d,o*=d,s*=d):(a=0,o=0,s=0);l=h*s-p*o,c=p*a-f*s,u=f*o-h*a,(d=Math.sqrt(l*l+c*c+u*u))?(l*=d=1/d,c*=d,u*=d):(l=0,c=0,u=0);return t[0]=a,t[1]=l,t[2]=f,t[3]=0,t[4]=o,t[5]=c,t[6]=h,t[7]=0,t[8]=s,t[9]=u,t[10]=p,t[11]=0,t[12]=-(a*m+o*g+s*v),t[13]=-(l*m+c*g+u*v),t[14]=-(f*m+h*g+p*v),t[15]=1,t}},{"./identity":97}],100:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=e[0],i=e[1],a=e[2],o=e[3],s=e[4],l=e[5],c=e[6],u=e[7],f=e[8],h=e[9],p=e[10],d=e[11],m=e[12],g=e[13],v=e[14],y=e[15],x=r[0],b=r[1],_=r[2],w=r[3];return t[0]=x*n+b*s+_*f+w*m,t[1]=x*i+b*l+_*h+w*g,t[2]=x*a+b*c+_*p+w*v,t[3]=x*o+b*u+_*d+w*y,x=r[4],b=r[5],_=r[6],w=r[7],t[4]=x*n+b*s+_*f+w*m,t[5]=x*i+b*l+_*h+w*g,t[6]=x*a+b*c+_*p+w*v,t[7]=x*o+b*u+_*d+w*y,x=r[8],b=r[9],_=r[10],w=r[11],t[8]=x*n+b*s+_*f+w*m,t[9]=x*i+b*l+_*h+w*g,t[10]=x*a+b*c+_*p+w*v,t[11]=x*o+b*u+_*d+w*y,x=r[12],b=r[13],_=r[14],w=r[15],t[12]=x*n+b*s+_*f+w*m,t[13]=x*i+b*l+_*h+w*g,t[14]=x*a+b*c+_*p+w*v,t[15]=x*o+b*u+_*d+w*y,t}},{}],101:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=1/(e-r),l=1/(n-i),c=1/(a-o);return t[0]=-2*s,t[1]=0,t[2]=0,t[3]=0,t[4]=0,t[5]=-2*l,t[6]=0,t[7]=0,t[8]=0,t[9]=0,t[10]=2*c,t[11]=0,t[12]=(e+r)*s,t[13]=(i+n)*l,t[14]=(o+a)*c,t[15]=1,t}},{}],102:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=1/Math.tan(e/2),o=1/(n-i);return t[0]=a/r,t[1]=0,t[2]=0,t[3]=0,t[4]=0,t[5]=a,t[6]=0,t[7]=0,t[8]=0,t[9]=0,t[10]=(i+n)*o,t[11]=-1,t[12]=0,t[13]=0,t[14]=2*i*n*o,t[15]=0,t}},{}],103:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r,n){var i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m,g,v,y,x,b,_,w,T,k,A,M,S,E=n[0],L=n[1],C=n[2],P=Math.sqrt(E*E+L*L+C*C);if(Math.abs(P)<1e-6)return null;E*=P=1/P,L*=P,C*=P,i=Math.sin(r),a=Math.cos(r),o=1-a,s=e[0],l=e[1],c=e[2],u=e[3],f=e[4],h=e[5],p=e[6],d=e[7],m=e[8],g=e[9],v=e[10],y=e[11],x=E*E*o+a,b=L*E*o+C*i,_=C*E*o-L*i,w=E*L*o-C*i,T=L*L*o+a,k=C*L*o+E*i,A=E*C*o+L*i,M=L*C*o-E*i,S=C*C*o+a,t[0]=s*x+f*b+m*_,t[1]=l*x+h*b+g*_,t[2]=c*x+p*b+v*_,t[3]=u*x+d*b+y*_,t[4]=s*w+f*T+m*k,t[5]=l*w+h*T+g*k,t[6]=c*w+p*T+v*k,t[7]=u*w+d*T+y*k,t[8]=s*A+f*M+m*S,t[9]=l*A+h*M+g*S,t[10]=c*A+p*M+v*S,t[11]=u*A+d*M+y*S,e!==t&&(t[12]=e[12],t[13]=e[13],t[14]=e[14],t[15]=e[15]);return t}},{}],104:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=Math.sin(r),i=Math.cos(r),a=e[4],o=e[5],s=e[6],l=e[7],c=e[8],u=e[9],f=e[10],h=e[11];e!==t&&(t[0]=e[0],t[1]=e[1],t[2]=e[2],t[3]=e[3],t[12]=e[12],t[13]=e[13],t[14]=e[14],t[15]=e[15]);return t[4]=a*i+c*n,t[5]=o*i+u*n,t[6]=s*i+f*n,t[7]=l*i+h*n,t[8]=c*i-a*n,t[9]=u*i-o*n,t[10]=f*i-s*n,t[11]=h*i-l*n,t}},{}],105:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=Math.sin(r),i=Math.cos(r),a=e[0],o=e[1],s=e[2],l=e[3],c=e[8],u=e[9],f=e[10],h=e[11];e!==t&&(t[4]=e[4],t[5]=e[5],t[6]=e[6],t[7]=e[7],t[12]=e[12],t[13]=e[13],t[14]=e[14],t[15]=e[15]);return t[0]=a*i-c*n,t[1]=o*i-u*n,t[2]=s*i-f*n,t[3]=l*i-h*n,t[8]=a*n+c*i,t[9]=o*n+u*i,t[10]=s*n+f*i,t[11]=l*n+h*i,t}},{}],106:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=Math.sin(r),i=Math.cos(r),a=e[0],o=e[1],s=e[2],l=e[3],c=e[4],u=e[5],f=e[6],h=e[7];e!==t&&(t[8]=e[8],t[9]=e[9],t[10]=e[10],t[11]=e[11],t[12]=e[12],t[13]=e[13],t[14]=e[14],t[15]=e[15]);return t[0]=a*i+c*n,t[1]=o*i+u*n,t[2]=s*i+f*n,t[3]=l*i+h*n,t[4]=c*i-a*n,t[5]=u*i-o*n,t[6]=f*i-s*n,t[7]=h*i-l*n,t}},{}],107:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=r[0],i=r[1],a=r[2];return t[0]=e[0]*n,t[1]=e[1]*n,t[2]=e[2]*n,t[3]=e[3]*n,t[4]=e[4]*i,t[5]=e[5]*i,t[6]=e[6]*i,t[7]=e[7]*i,t[8]=e[8]*a,t[9]=e[9]*a,t[10]=e[10]*a,t[11]=e[11]*a,t[12]=e[12],t[13]=e[13],t[14]=e[14],t[15]=e[15],t}},{}],108:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m=r[0],g=r[1],v=r[2];e===t?(t[12]=e[0]*m+e[4]*g+e[8]*v+e[12],t[13]=e[1]*m+e[5]*g+e[9]*v+e[13],t[14]=e[2]*m+e[6]*g+e[10]*v+e[14],t[15]=e[3]*m+e[7]*g+e[11]*v+e[15]):(n=e[0],i=e[1],a=e[2],o=e[3],s=e[4],l=e[5],c=e[6],u=e[7],f=e[8],h=e[9],p=e[10],d=e[11],t[0]=n,t[1]=i,t[2]=a,t[3]=o,t[4]=s,t[5]=l,t[6]=c,t[7]=u,t[8]=f,t[9]=h,t[10]=p,t[11]=d,t[12]=n*m+s*g+f*v+e[12],t[13]=i*m+l*g+h*v+e[13],t[14]=a*m+c*g+p*v+e[14],t[15]=o*m+u*g+d*v+e[15]);return t}},{}],109:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e){if(t===e){var r=e[1],n=e[2],i=e[3],a=e[6],o=e[7],s=e[11];t[1]=e[4],t[2]=e[8],t[3]=e[12],t[4]=r,t[6]=e[9],t[7]=e[13],t[8]=n,t[9]=a,t[11]=e[14],t[12]=i,t[13]=o,t[14]=s}else t[0]=e[0],t[1]=e[4],t[2]=e[8],t[3]=e[12],t[4]=e[1],t[5]=e[5],t[6]=e[9],t[7]=e[13],t[8]=e[2],t[9]=e[6],t[10]=e[10],t[11]=e[14],t[12]=e[3],t[13]=e[7],t[14]=e[11],t[15]=e[15];return t}},{}],110:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("barycentric"),i=t("polytope-closest-point/lib/closest_point_2d.js");function a(t,e){for(var r=[0,0,0,0],n=0;n<4;++n)for(var i=0;i<4;++i)r[i]+=t[4*n+i]*e[n];return r}function o(t,e,r,n,i){for(var o=a(n,a(r,a(e,[t[0],t[1],t[2],1]))),s=0;s<3;++s)o[s]/=o[3];return[.5*i[0]*(1+o[0]),.5*i[1]*(1-o[1])]}function s(t,e){for(var r=[0,0,0],n=0;n<t.length;++n)for(var i=t[n],a=e[n],o=0;o<3;++o)r[o]+=a*i[o];return r}e.exports=function(t,e,r,a,l,c){if(1===t.length)return[0,t[0].slice()];for(var u=new Array(t.length),f=0;f<t.length;++f)u[f]=o(t[f],r,a,l,c);var h=0,p=1/0;for(f=0;f<u.length;++f){for(var d=0,m=0;m<2;++m)d+=Math.pow(u[f][m]-e[m],2);d<p&&(p=d,h=f)}var g=function(t,e){if(2===t.length){for(var r=0,a=0,o=0;o<2;++o)r+=Math.pow(e[o]-t[0][o],2),a+=Math.pow(e[o]-t[1][o],2);return r=Math.sqrt(r),a=Math.sqrt(a),r+a<1e-6?[1,0]:[a/(r+a),r/(a+r)]}if(3===t.length){var s=[0,0];return i(t[0],t[1],t[2],e,s),n(t,s)}return[]}(u,e),v=0;for(f=0;f<3;++f){if(g[f]<-.001||g[f]>1.0001)return null;v+=g[f]}if(Math.abs(v-1)>.001)return null;return[h,s(t,g),g]}},{barycentric:14,"polytope-closest-point/lib/closest_point_2d.js":270}],111:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("glslify"),i=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec3 position, normal;\nattribute vec4 color;\nattribute vec2 uv;\n\nuniform mat4 model\n , view\n , projection\n , inverseModel;\nuniform vec3 eyePosition\n , lightPosition;\n\nvarying vec3 f_normal\n , f_lightDirection\n , f_eyeDirection\n , f_data;\nvarying vec4 f_color;\nvarying vec2 f_uv;\n\nvec4 project(vec3 p) {\n return projection * view * model * vec4(p, 1.0);\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n gl_Position = project(position);\n\n //Lighting geometry parameters\n vec4 cameraCoordinate = view * vec4(position , 1.0);\n cameraCoordinate.xyz /= cameraCoordinate.w;\n f_lightDirection = lightPosition - cameraCoordinate.xyz;\n f_eyeDirection = eyePosition - cameraCoordinate.xyz;\n f_normal = normalize((vec4(normal, 0.0) * inverseModel).xyz);\n\n f_color = color;\n f_data = position;\n f_uv = uv;\n}\n"]),a=n(["#extension GL_OES_standard_derivatives : enable\n\nprecision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nfloat beckmannDistribution(float x, float roughness) {\n float NdotH = max(x, 0.0001);\n float cos2Alpha = NdotH * NdotH;\n float tan2Alpha = (cos2Alpha - 1.0) / cos2Alpha;\n float roughness2 = roughness * roughness;\n float denom = 3.141592653589793 * roughness2 * cos2Alpha * cos2Alpha;\n return exp(tan2Alpha / roughness2) / denom;\n}\n\nfloat cookTorranceSpecular(\n vec3 lightDirection,\n vec3 viewDirection,\n vec3 surfaceNormal,\n float roughness,\n float fresnel) {\n\n float VdotN = max(dot(viewDirection, surfaceNormal), 0.0);\n float LdotN = max(dot(lightDirection, surfaceNormal), 0.0);\n\n //Half angle vector\n vec3 H = normalize(lightDirection + viewDirection);\n\n //Geometric term\n float NdotH = max(dot(surfaceNormal, H), 0.0);\n float VdotH = max(dot(viewDirection, H), 0.000001);\n float LdotH = max(dot(lightDirection, H), 0.000001);\n float G1 = (2.0 * NdotH * VdotN) / VdotH;\n float G2 = (2.0 * NdotH * LdotN) / LdotH;\n float G = min(1.0, min(G1, G2));\n \n //Distribution term\n float D = beckmannDistribution(NdotH, roughness);\n\n //Fresnel term\n float F = pow(1.0 - VdotN, fresnel);\n\n //Multiply terms and done\n return G * F * D / max(3.14159265 * VdotN, 0.000001);\n}\n\n//#pragma glslify: beckmann = require(glsl-specular-beckmann) // used in gl-surface3d\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float roughness\n , fresnel\n , kambient\n , kdiffuse\n , kspecular;\nuniform sampler2D texture;\n\nvarying vec3 f_normal\n , f_lightDirection\n , f_eyeDirection\n , f_data;\nvarying vec4 f_color;\nvarying vec2 f_uv;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (f_color.a == 0.0 ||\n outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], f_data)\n ) discard;\n\n vec3 N = normalize(f_normal);\n vec3 L = normalize(f_lightDirection);\n vec3 V = normalize(f_eyeDirection);\n\n if(gl_FrontFacing) {\n N = -N;\n }\n\n float specular = min(1.0, max(0.0, cookTorranceSpecular(L, V, N, roughness, fresnel)));\n //float specular = max(0.0, beckmann(L, V, N, roughness)); // used in gl-surface3d\n\n float diffuse = min(kambient + kdiffuse * max(dot(N, L), 0.0), 1.0);\n\n vec4 surfaceColor = vec4(f_color.rgb, 1.0) * texture2D(texture, f_uv);\n vec4 litColor = surfaceColor.a * vec4(diffuse * surfaceColor.rgb + kspecular * vec3(1,1,1) * specular, 1.0);\n\n gl_FragColor = litColor * f_color.a;\n}\n"]),o=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec3 position;\nattribute vec4 color;\nattribute vec2 uv;\n\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\n\nvarying vec4 f_color;\nvarying vec3 f_data;\nvarying vec2 f_uv;\n\nvoid main() {\n gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(position, 1.0);\n f_color = color;\n f_data = position;\n f_uv = uv;\n}"]),s=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform sampler2D texture;\nuniform float opacity;\n\nvarying vec4 f_color;\nvarying vec3 f_data;\nvarying vec2 f_uv;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], f_data)) discard;\n\n gl_FragColor = f_color * texture2D(texture, f_uv) * opacity;\n}"]),l=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nattribute vec3 position;\nattribute vec4 color;\nattribute vec2 uv;\nattribute float pointSize;\n\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\n\nvarying vec4 f_color;\nvarying vec2 f_uv;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], position)) {\n\n gl_Position = vec4(0.0, 0.0 ,0.0 ,0.0);\n } else {\n gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(position, 1.0);\n }\n gl_PointSize = pointSize;\n f_color = color;\n f_uv = uv;\n}"]),c=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nuniform sampler2D texture;\nuniform float opacity;\n\nvarying vec4 f_color;\nvarying vec2 f_uv;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec2 pointR = gl_PointCoord.xy - vec2(0.5, 0.5);\n if(dot(pointR, pointR) > 0.25) {\n discard;\n }\n gl_FragColor = f_color * texture2D(texture, f_uv) * opacity;\n}"]),u=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec3 position;\nattribute vec4 id;\n\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\n\nvarying vec3 f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_id;\n\nvoid main() {\n gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(position, 1.0);\n f_id = id;\n f_position = position;\n}"]),f=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float pickId;\n\nvarying vec3 f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_id;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], f_position)) discard;\n\n gl_FragColor = vec4(pickId, f_id.xyz);\n}"]),h=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nattribute vec3 position;\nattribute float pointSize;\nattribute vec4 id;\n\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\n\nvarying vec3 f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_id;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], position)) {\n\n gl_Position = vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);\n } else {\n gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(position, 1.0);\n gl_PointSize = pointSize;\n }\n f_id = id;\n f_position = position;\n}"]),p=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec3 position;\n\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\n\nvoid main() {\n gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(position, 1.0);\n}"]),d=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nuniform vec3 contourColor;\n\nvoid main() {\n gl_FragColor = vec4(contourColor, 1.0);\n}\n"]);r.meshShader={vertex:i,fragment:a,attributes:[{name:"position",type:"vec3"},{name:"normal",type:"vec3"},{name:"color",type:"vec4"},{name:"uv",type:"vec2"}]},r.wireShader={vertex:o,fragment:s,attributes:[{name:"position",type:"vec3"},{name:"color",type:"vec4"},{name:"uv",type:"vec2"}]},r.pointShader={vertex:l,fragment:c,attributes:[{name:"position",type:"vec3"},{name:"color",type:"vec4"},{name:"uv",type:"vec2"},{name:"pointSize",type:"float"}]},r.pickShader={vertex:u,fragment:f,attributes:[{name:"position",type:"vec3"},{name:"id",type:"vec4"}]},r.pointPickShader={vertex:h,fragment:f,attributes:[{name:"position",type:"vec3"},{name:"pointSize",type:"float"},{name:"id",type:"vec4"}]},r.contourShader={vertex:p,fragment:d,attributes:[{name:"position",type:"vec3"}]}},{glslify:231}],112:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("gl-shader"),i=t("gl-buffer"),a=t("gl-vao"),o=t("gl-texture2d"),s=t("normals"),l=t("gl-mat4/multiply"),c=t("gl-mat4/invert"),u=t("ndarray"),f=t("colormap"),h=t("simplicial-complex-contour"),p=t("typedarray-pool"),d=t("./lib/shaders"),m=t("./lib/closest-point"),g=d.meshShader,v=d.wireShader,y=d.pointShader,x=d.pickShader,b=d.pointPickShader,_=d.contourShader,w=[1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1];function T(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f,h,p,d,m,g,v,y,x,b,_,T,k,A,M,S){this.gl=t,this.pixelRatio=1,this.cells=[],this.positions=[],this.intensity=[],this.texture=e,this.dirty=!0,this.triShader=r,this.lineShader=n,this.pointShader=i,this.pickShader=a,this.pointPickShader=o,this.contourShader=s,this.trianglePositions=l,this.triangleColors=u,this.triangleNormals=h,this.triangleUVs=f,this.triangleIds=c,this.triangleVAO=p,this.triangleCount=0,this.lineWidth=1,this.edgePositions=d,this.edgeColors=g,this.edgeUVs=v,this.edgeIds=m,this.edgeVAO=y,this.edgeCount=0,this.pointPositions=x,this.pointColors=_,this.pointUVs=T,this.pointSizes=k,this.pointIds=b,this.pointVAO=A,this.pointCount=0,this.contourLineWidth=1,this.contourPositions=M,this.contourVAO=S,this.contourCount=0,this.contourColor=[0,0,0],this.contourEnable=!0,this.pickVertex=!0,this.pickId=1,this.bounds=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]],this.clipBounds=[[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],[1/0,1/0,1/0]],this.lightPosition=[1e5,1e5,0],this.ambientLight=.8,this.diffuseLight=.8,this.specularLight=2,this.roughness=.5,this.fresnel=1.5,this.opacity=1,this.hasAlpha=!1,this.opacityscale=!1,this._model=w,this._view=w,this._projection=w,this._resolution=[1,1]}var k=T.prototype;function A(t,e){if(!e)return 1;if(!e.length)return 1;for(var r=0;r<e.length;++r){if(e.length<2)return 1;if(e[r][0]===t)return e[r][1];if(e[r][0]>t&&r>0){var n=(e[r][0]-t)/(e[r][0]-e[r-1][0]);return e[r][1]*(1-n)+n*e[r-1][1]}}return 1}function M(t){var e=n(t,g.vertex,g.fragment);return e.attributes.position.location=0,e.attributes.color.location=2,e.attributes.uv.location=3,e.attributes.normal.location=4,e}function S(t){var e=n(t,v.vertex,v.fragment);return e.attributes.position.location=0,e.attributes.color.location=2,e.attributes.uv.location=3,e}function E(t){var e=n(t,y.vertex,y.fragment);return e.attributes.position.location=0,e.attributes.color.location=2,e.attributes.uv.location=3,e.attributes.pointSize.location=4,e}function L(t){var e=n(t,x.vertex,x.fragment);return e.attributes.position.location=0,e.attributes.id.location=1,e}function C(t){var e=n(t,b.vertex,b.fragment);return e.attributes.position.location=0,e.attributes.id.location=1,e.attributes.pointSize.location=4,e}function P(t){var e=n(t,_.vertex,_.fragment);return e.attributes.position.location=0,e}k.isOpaque=function(){return!this.hasAlpha},k.isTransparent=function(){return this.hasAlpha},k.pickSlots=1,k.setPickBase=function(t){this.pickId=t},k.highlight=function(t){if(t&&this.contourEnable){for(var e=h(this.cells,this.intensity,t.intensity),r=e.cells,n=e.vertexIds,i=e.vertexWeights,a=r.length,o=p.mallocFloat32(6*a),s=0,l=0;l<a;++l)for(var c=r[l],u=0;u<2;++u){var f=c[0];2===c.length&&(f=c[u]);for(var d=n[f][0],m=n[f][1],g=i[f],v=1-g,y=this.positions[d],x=this.positions[m],b=0;b<3;++b)o[s++]=g*y[b]+v*x[b]}this.contourCount=s/3|0,this.contourPositions.update(o.subarray(0,s)),p.free(o)}else this.contourCount=0},k.update=function(t){t=t||{};var e=this.gl;this.dirty=!0,"contourEnable"in t&&(this.contourEnable=t.contourEnable),"contourColor"in t&&(this.contourColor=t.contourColor),"lineWidth"in t&&(this.lineWidth=t.lineWidth),"lightPosition"in t&&(this.lightPosition=t.lightPosition),this.hasAlpha=!1,"opacity"in t&&(this.opacity=t.opacity,this.opacity<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0)),"opacityscale"in t&&(this.opacityscale=t.opacityscale,this.hasAlpha=!0),"ambient"in t&&(this.ambientLight=t.ambient),"diffuse"in t&&(this.diffuseLight=t.diffuse),"specular"in t&&(this.specularLight=t.specular),"roughness"in t&&(this.roughness=t.roughness),"fresnel"in t&&(this.fresnel=t.fresnel),t.texture?(this.texture.dispose(),this.texture=o(e,t.texture)):t.colormap&&(this.texture.shape=[256,256],this.texture.minFilter=e.LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR,this.texture.magFilter=e.LINEAR,this.texture.setPixels(function(t,e){for(var r=f({colormap:t,nshades:256,format:"rgba"}),n=new Uint8Array(1024),i=0;i<256;++i){for(var a=r[i],o=0;o<3;++o)n[4*i+o]=a[o];n[4*i+3]=e?255*A(i/255,e):255*a[3]}return u(n,[256,256,4],[4,0,1])}(t.colormap,this.opacityscale)),this.texture.generateMipmap());var r=t.cells,n=t.positions;if(n&&r){var i=[],a=[],l=[],c=[],h=[],p=[],d=[],m=[],g=[],v=[],y=[],x=[],b=[],_=[];this.cells=r,this.positions=n;var w=t.vertexNormals,T=t.cellNormals,k=void 0===t.vertexNormalsEpsilon?1e-6:t.vertexNormalsEpsilon,M=void 0===t.faceNormalsEpsilon?1e-6:t.faceNormalsEpsilon;t.useFacetNormals&&!T&&(T=s.faceNormals(r,n,M)),T||w||(w=s.vertexNormals(r,n,k));var S=t.vertexColors,E=t.cellColors,L=t.meshColor||[1,1,1,1],C=t.vertexUVs,P=t.vertexIntensity,I=t.cellUVs,O=t.cellIntensity,z=1/0,D=-1/0;if(!C&&!I)if(P)if(t.vertexIntensityBounds)z=+t.vertexIntensityBounds[0],D=+t.vertexIntensityBounds[1];else for(var R=0;R<P.length;++R){var F=P[R];z=Math.min(z,F),D=Math.max(D,F)}else if(O)if(t.cellIntensityBounds)z=+t.cellIntensityBounds[0],D=+t.cellIntensityBounds[1];else for(R=0;R<O.length;++R){F=O[R];z=Math.min(z,F),D=Math.max(D,F)}else for(R=0;R<n.length;++R){F=n[R][2];z=Math.min(z,F),D=Math.max(D,F)}this.intensity=P||(O||function(t){for(var e=t.length,r=new Array(e),n=0;n<e;++n)r[n]=t[n][2];return r}(n)),this.pickVertex=!(O||E);var B=t.pointSizes,N=t.pointSize||1;this.bounds=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]];for(R=0;R<n.length;++R)for(var j=n[R],U=0;U<3;++U)!isNaN(j[U])&&isFinite(j[U])&&(this.bounds[0][U]=Math.min(this.bounds[0][U],j[U]),this.bounds[1][U]=Math.max(this.bounds[1][U],j[U]));var V=0,H=0,q=0;t:for(R=0;R<r.length;++R){var G=r[R];switch(G.length){case 1:for(j=n[W=G[0]],U=0;U<3;++U)if(isNaN(j[U])||!isFinite(j[U]))continue t;v.push(j[0],j[1],j[2]),Z=S?S[W]:E?E[R]:L,this.opacityscale&&P?a.push(Z[0],Z[1],Z[2],this.opacity*A((P[W]-z)/(D-z),this.opacityscale)):3===Z.length?y.push(Z[0],Z[1],Z[2],this.opacity):(y.push(Z[0],Z[1],Z[2],Z[3]*this.opacity),Z[3]<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0)),X=C?C[W]:P?[(P[W]-z)/(D-z),0]:I?I[R]:O?[(O[R]-z)/(D-z),0]:[(j[2]-z)/(D-z),0],x.push(X[0],X[1]),B?b.push(B[W]):b.push(N),_.push(R),q+=1;break;case 2:for(U=0;U<2;++U){j=n[W=G[U]];for(var Y=0;Y<3;++Y)if(isNaN(j[Y])||!isFinite(j[Y]))continue t}for(U=0;U<2;++U){j=n[W=G[U]];p.push(j[0],j[1],j[2]),Z=S?S[W]:E?E[R]:L,this.opacityscale&&P?a.push(Z[0],Z[1],Z[2],this.opacity*A((P[W]-z)/(D-z),this.opacityscale)):3===Z.length?d.push(Z[0],Z[1],Z[2],this.opacity):(d.push(Z[0],Z[1],Z[2],Z[3]*this.opacity),Z[3]<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0)),X=C?C[W]:P?[(P[W]-z)/(D-z),0]:I?I[R]:O?[(O[R]-z)/(D-z),0]:[(j[2]-z)/(D-z),0],m.push(X[0],X[1]),g.push(R)}H+=1;break;case 3:for(U=0;U<3;++U)for(j=n[W=G[U]],Y=0;Y<3;++Y)if(isNaN(j[Y])||!isFinite(j[Y]))continue t;for(U=0;U<3;++U){var W,Z,X,J;j=n[W=G[2-U]];i.push(j[0],j[1],j[2]),(Z=S?S[W]:E?E[R]:L)?this.opacityscale&&P?a.push(Z[0],Z[1],Z[2],this.opacity*A((P[W]-z)/(D-z),this.opacityscale)):3===Z.length?a.push(Z[0],Z[1],Z[2],this.opacity):(a.push(Z[0],Z[1],Z[2],Z[3]*this.opacity),Z[3]<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0)):a.push(.5,.5,.5,1),X=C?C[W]:P?[(P[W]-z)/(D-z),0]:I?I[R]:O?[(O[R]-z)/(D-z),0]:[(j[2]-z)/(D-z),0],c.push(X[0],X[1]),J=w?w[W]:T[R],l.push(J[0],J[1],J[2]),h.push(R)}V+=1}}this.pointCount=q,this.edgeCount=H,this.triangleCount=V,this.pointPositions.update(v),this.pointColors.update(y),this.pointUVs.update(x),this.pointSizes.update(b),this.pointIds.update(new Uint32Array(_)),this.edgePositions.update(p),this.edgeColors.update(d),this.edgeUVs.update(m),this.edgeIds.update(new Uint32Array(g)),this.trianglePositions.update(i),this.triangleColors.update(a),this.triangleUVs.update(c),this.triangleNormals.update(l),this.triangleIds.update(new Uint32Array(h))}},k.drawTransparent=k.draw=function(t){t=t||{};for(var e=this.gl,r=t.model||w,n=t.view||w,i=t.projection||w,a=[[-1e6,-1e6,-1e6],[1e6,1e6,1e6]],o=0;o<3;++o)a[0][o]=Math.max(a[0][o],this.clipBounds[0][o]),a[1][o]=Math.min(a[1][o],this.clipBounds[1][o]);var s={model:r,view:n,projection:i,inverseModel:w.slice(),clipBounds:a,kambient:this.ambientLight,kdiffuse:this.diffuseLight,kspecular:this.specularLight,roughness:this.roughness,fresnel:this.fresnel,eyePosition:[0,0,0],lightPosition:[0,0,0],contourColor:this.contourColor,texture:0};s.inverseModel=c(s.inverseModel,s.model),e.disable(e.CULL_FACE),this.texture.bind(0);var u=new Array(16);l(u,s.view,s.model),l(u,s.projection,u),c(u,u);for(o=0;o<3;++o)s.eyePosition[o]=u[12+o]/u[15];var f,h=u[15];for(o=0;o<3;++o)h+=this.lightPosition[o]*u[4*o+3];for(o=0;o<3;++o){for(var p=u[12+o],d=0;d<3;++d)p+=u[4*d+o]*this.lightPosition[d];s.lightPosition[o]=p/h}this.triangleCount>0&&((f=this.triShader).bind(),f.uniforms=s,this.triangleVAO.bind(),e.drawArrays(e.TRIANGLES,0,3*this.triangleCount),this.triangleVAO.unbind());this.edgeCount>0&&this.lineWidth>0&&((f=this.lineShader).bind(),f.uniforms=s,this.edgeVAO.bind(),e.lineWidth(this.lineWidth*this.pixelRatio),e.drawArrays(e.LINES,0,2*this.edgeCount),this.edgeVAO.unbind());this.pointCount>0&&((f=this.pointShader).bind(),f.uniforms=s,this.pointVAO.bind(),e.drawArrays(e.POINTS,0,this.pointCount),this.pointVAO.unbind());this.contourEnable&&this.contourCount>0&&this.contourLineWidth>0&&((f=this.contourShader).bind(),f.uniforms=s,this.contourVAO.bind(),e.drawArrays(e.LINES,0,this.contourCount),this.contourVAO.unbind())},k.drawPick=function(t){t=t||{};for(var e=this.gl,r=t.model||w,n=t.view||w,i=t.projection||w,a=[[-1e6,-1e6,-1e6],[1e6,1e6,1e6]],o=0;o<3;++o)a[0][o]=Math.max(a[0][o],this.clipBounds[0][o]),a[1][o]=Math.min(a[1][o],this.clipBounds[1][o]);this._model=[].slice.call(r),this._view=[].slice.call(n),this._projection=[].slice.call(i),this._resolution=[e.drawingBufferWidth,e.drawingBufferHeight];var s,l={model:r,view:n,projection:i,clipBounds:a,pickId:this.pickId/255};((s=this.pickShader).bind(),s.uniforms=l,this.triangleCount>0&&(this.triangleVAO.bind(),e.drawArrays(e.TRIANGLES,0,3*this.triangleCount),this.triangleVAO.unbind()),this.edgeCount>0&&(this.edgeVAO.bind(),e.lineWidth(this.lineWidth*this.pixelRatio),e.drawArrays(e.LINES,0,2*this.edgeCount),this.edgeVAO.unbind()),this.pointCount>0)&&((s=this.pointPickShader).bind(),s.uniforms=l,this.pointVAO.bind(),e.drawArrays(e.POINTS,0,this.pointCount),this.pointVAO.unbind())},k.pick=function(t){if(!t)return null;if(t.id!==this.pickId)return null;for(var e=t.value[0]+256*t.value[1]+65536*t.value[2],r=this.cells[e],n=this.positions,i=new Array(r.length),a=0;a<r.length;++a)i[a]=n[r[a]];var o=t.coord[0],s=t.coord[1];if(!this.pickVertex){var l=this.positions[r[0]],c=this.positions[r[1]],u=this.positions[r[2]],f=[(l[0]+c[0]+u[0])/3,(l[1]+c[1]+u[1])/3,(l[2]+c[2]+u[2])/3];return{_cellCenter:!0,position:[o,s],index:e,cell:r,cellId:e,intensity:this.intensity[e],dataCoordinate:f}}var h=m(i,[o*this.pixelRatio,this._resolution[1]-s*this.pixelRatio],this._model,this._view,this._projection,this._resolution);if(!h)return null;var p=h[2],d=0;for(a=0;a<r.length;++a)d+=p[a]*this.intensity[r[a]];return{position:h[1],index:r[h[0]],cell:r,cellId:e,intensity:d,dataCoordinate:this.positions[r[h[0]]]}},k.dispose=function(){this.texture.dispose(),this.triShader.dispose(),this.lineShader.dispose(),this.pointShader.dispose(),this.pickShader.dispose(),this.pointPickShader.dispose(),this.triangleVAO.dispose(),this.trianglePositions.dispose(),this.triangleColors.dispose(),this.triangleUVs.dispose(),this.triangleNormals.dispose(),this.triangleIds.dispose(),this.edgeVAO.dispose(),this.edgePositions.dispose(),this.edgeColors.dispose(),this.edgeUVs.dispose(),this.edgeIds.dispose(),this.pointVAO.dispose(),this.pointPositions.dispose(),this.pointColors.dispose(),this.pointUVs.dispose(),this.pointSizes.dispose(),this.pointIds.dispose(),this.contourVAO.dispose(),this.contourPositions.dispose(),this.contourShader.dispose()},e.exports=function(t,e){1===arguments.length&&(t=(e=t).gl);var r=t.getExtension("OES_standard_derivatives")||t.getExtension("MOZ_OES_standard_derivatives")||t.getExtension("WEBKIT_OES_standard_derivatives");if(!r)throw new Error("derivatives not supported");var n=M(t),s=S(t),l=E(t),c=L(t),f=C(t),h=P(t),p=o(t,u(new Uint8Array([255,255,255,255]),[1,1,4]));p.generateMipmap(),p.minFilter=t.LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR,p.magFilter=t.LINEAR;var d=i(t),m=i(t),g=i(t),v=i(t),y=i(t),x=a(t,[{buffer:d,type:t.FLOAT,size:3},{buffer:y,type:t.UNSIGNED_BYTE,size:4,normalized:!0},{buffer:m,type:t.FLOAT,size:4},{buffer:g,type:t.FLOAT,size:2},{buffer:v,type:t.FLOAT,size:3}]),b=i(t),_=i(t),w=i(t),k=i(t),A=a(t,[{buffer:b,type:t.FLOAT,size:3},{buffer:k,type:t.UNSIGNED_BYTE,size:4,normalized:!0},{buffer:_,type:t.FLOAT,size:4},{buffer:w,type:t.FLOAT,size:2}]),I=i(t),O=i(t),z=i(t),D=i(t),R=i(t),F=a(t,[{buffer:I,type:t.FLOAT,size:3},{buffer:R,type:t.UNSIGNED_BYTE,size:4,normalized:!0},{buffer:O,type:t.FLOAT,size:4},{buffer:z,type:t.FLOAT,size:2},{buffer:D,type:t.FLOAT,size:1}]),B=i(t),N=a(t,[{buffer:B,type:t.FLOAT,size:3}]),j=new T(t,p,n,s,l,c,f,h,d,y,m,g,v,x,b,k,_,w,A,I,R,O,z,D,F,B,N);return j.update(e),j}},{"./lib/closest-point":110,"./lib/shaders":111,colormap:53,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-mat4/invert":98,"gl-mat4/multiply":100,"gl-shader":132,"gl-texture2d":146,"gl-vao":150,ndarray:259,normals:261,"simplicial-complex-contour":291,"typedarray-pool":308}],113:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){var e=t.gl,r=n(e,[0,0,0,1,1,0,1,1]),s=i(e,a.boxVert,a.lineFrag);return new o(t,r,s)};var n=t("gl-buffer"),i=t("gl-shader"),a=t("./shaders");function o(t,e,r){this.plot=t,this.vbo=e,this.shader=r}var s,l,c=o.prototype;c.bind=function(){var t=this.shader;this.vbo.bind(),this.shader.bind(),t.attributes.coord.pointer(),t.uniforms.screenBox=this.plot.screenBox},c.drawBox=(s=[0,0],l=[0,0],function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=this.plot,o=this.shader,c=a.gl;s[0]=t,s[1]=e,l[0]=r,l[1]=n,o.uniforms.lo=s,o.uniforms.hi=l,o.uniforms.color=i,c.drawArrays(c.TRIANGLE_STRIP,0,4)}),c.dispose=function(){this.vbo.dispose(),this.shader.dispose()}},{"./shaders":116,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-shader":132}],114:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){var e=t.gl,r=n(e),a=i(e,o.gridVert,o.gridFrag),l=i(e,o.tickVert,o.gridFrag);return new s(t,r,a,l)};var n=t("gl-buffer"),i=t("gl-shader"),a=t("binary-search-bounds"),o=t("./shaders");function s(t,e,r,n){this.plot=t,this.vbo=e,this.shader=r,this.tickShader=n,this.ticks=[[],[]]}function l(t,e){return t-e}var c,u,f,h,p,d=s.prototype;d.draw=(c=[0,0],u=[0,0],f=[0,0],function(){for(var t=this.plot,e=this.vbo,r=this.shader,n=this.ticks,i=t.gl,a=t._tickBounds,o=t.dataBox,s=t.viewBox,l=t.gridLineWidth,h=t.gridLineColor,p=t.gridLineEnable,d=t.pixelRatio,m=0;m<2;++m){var g=a[m],v=a[m+2]-g,y=.5*(o[m+2]+o[m]),x=o[m+2]-o[m];u[m]=2*v/x,c[m]=2*(g-y)/x}r.bind(),e.bind(),r.attributes.dataCoord.pointer(),r.uniforms.dataShift=c,r.uniforms.dataScale=u;var b=0;for(m=0;m<2;++m){f[0]=f[1]=0,f[m]=1,r.uniforms.dataAxis=f,r.uniforms.lineWidth=l[m]/(s[m+2]-s[m])*d,r.uniforms.color=h[m];var _=6*n[m].length;p[m]&&_&&i.drawArrays(i.TRIANGLES,b,_),b+=_}}),d.drawTickMarks=function(){var t=[0,0],e=[0,0],r=[1,0],n=[0,1],i=[0,0],o=[0,0];return function(){for(var s=this.plot,c=this.vbo,u=this.tickShader,f=this.ticks,h=s.gl,p=s._tickBounds,d=s.dataBox,m=s.viewBox,g=s.pixelRatio,v=s.screenBox,y=v[2]-v[0],x=v[3]-v[1],b=m[2]-m[0],_=m[3]-m[1],w=0;w<2;++w){var T=p[w],k=p[w+2]-T,A=.5*(d[w+2]+d[w]),M=d[w+2]-d[w];e[w]=2*k/M,t[w]=2*(T-A)/M}e[0]*=b/y,t[0]*=b/y,e[1]*=_/x,t[1]*=_/x,u.bind(),c.bind(),u.attributes.dataCoord.pointer();var S=u.uniforms;S.dataShift=t,S.dataScale=e;var E=s.tickMarkLength,L=s.tickMarkWidth,C=s.tickMarkColor,P=6*f[0].length,I=Math.min(a.ge(f[0],(d[0]-p[0])/(p[2]-p[0]),l),f[0].length),O=Math.min(a.gt(f[0],(d[2]-p[0])/(p[2]-p[0]),l),f[0].length),z=0+6*I,D=6*Math.max(0,O-I),R=Math.min(a.ge(f[1],(d[1]-p[1])/(p[3]-p[1]),l),f[1].length),F=Math.min(a.gt(f[1],(d[3]-p[1])/(p[3]-p[1]),l),f[1].length),B=P+6*R,N=6*Math.max(0,F-R);i[0]=2*(m[0]-E[1])/y-1,i[1]=(m[3]+m[1])/x-1,o[0]=E[1]*g/y,o[1]=L[1]*g/x,N&&(S.color=C[1],S.tickScale=o,S.dataAxis=n,S.screenOffset=i,h.drawArrays(h.TRIANGLES,B,N)),i[0]=(m[2]+m[0])/y-1,i[1]=2*(m[1]-E[0])/x-1,o[0]=L[0]*g/y,o[1]=E[0]*g/x,D&&(S.color=C[0],S.tickScale=o,S.dataAxis=r,S.screenOffset=i,h.drawArrays(h.TRIANGLES,z,D)),i[0]=2*(m[2]+E[3])/y-1,i[1]=(m[3]+m[1])/x-1,o[0]=E[3]*g/y,o[1]=L[3]*g/x,N&&(S.color=C[3],S.tickScale=o,S.dataAxis=n,S.screenOffset=i,h.drawArrays(h.TRIANGLES,B,N)),i[0]=(m[2]+m[0])/y-1,i[1]=2*(m[3]+E[2])/x-1,o[0]=L[2]*g/y,o[1]=E[2]*g/x,D&&(S.color=C[2],S.tickScale=o,S.dataAxis=r,S.screenOffset=i,h.drawArrays(h.TRIANGLES,z,D))}}(),d.update=(h=[1,1,-1,-1,1,-1],p=[1,-1,1,1,-1,-1],function(t){for(var e=t.ticks,r=t.bounds,n=new Float32Array(18*(e[0].length+e[1].length)),i=(this.plot.zeroLineEnable,0),a=[[],[]],o=0;o<2;++o)for(var s=a[o],l=e[o],c=r[o],u=r[o+2],f=0;f<l.length;++f){var d=(l[f].x-c)/(u-c);s.push(d);for(var m=0;m<6;++m)n[i++]=d,n[i++]=h[m],n[i++]=p[m]}this.ticks=a,this.vbo.update(n)}),d.dispose=function(){this.vbo.dispose(),this.shader.dispose(),this.tickShader.dispose()}},{"./shaders":116,"binary-search-bounds":31,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-shader":132}],115:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){var e=t.gl,r=n(e,[-1,-1,-1,1,1,-1,1,1]),s=i(e,a.lineVert,a.lineFrag);return new o(t,r,s)};var n=t("gl-buffer"),i=t("gl-shader"),a=t("./shaders");function o(t,e,r){this.plot=t,this.vbo=e,this.shader=r}var s,l,c=o.prototype;c.bind=function(){var t=this.shader;this.vbo.bind(),this.shader.bind(),t.attributes.coord.pointer(),t.uniforms.screenBox=this.plot.screenBox},c.drawLine=(s=[0,0],l=[0,0],function(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=this.plot,c=this.shader,u=o.gl;s[0]=t,s[1]=e,l[0]=r,l[1]=n,c.uniforms.start=s,c.uniforms.end=l,c.uniforms.width=i*o.pixelRatio,c.uniforms.color=a,u.drawArrays(u.TRIANGLE_STRIP,0,4)}),c.dispose=function(){this.vbo.dispose(),this.shader.dispose()}},{"./shaders":116,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-shader":132}],116:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("glslify"),i=n(["precision lowp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\nuniform vec4 color;\nvoid main() {\n gl_FragColor = vec4(color.xyz * color.w, color.w);\n}\n"]);e.exports={lineVert:n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec2 coord;\n\nuniform vec4 screenBox;\nuniform vec2 start, end;\nuniform float width;\n\nvec2 perp(vec2 v) {\n return vec2(v.y, -v.x);\n}\n\nvec2 screen(vec2 v) {\n return 2.0 * (v - screenBox.xy) / (screenBox.zw - screenBox.xy) - 1.0;\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n vec2 delta = normalize(perp(start - end));\n vec2 offset = mix(start, end, 0.5 * (coord.y+1.0));\n gl_Position = vec4(screen(offset + 0.5 * width * delta * coord.x), 0, 1);\n}\n"]),lineFrag:i,textVert:n(["#define GLSLIFY 1\nattribute vec3 textCoordinate;\n\nuniform vec2 dataScale, dataShift, dataAxis, screenOffset, textScale;\nuniform float angle;\n\nvoid main() {\n float dataOffset = textCoordinate.z;\n vec2 glyphOffset = textCoordinate.xy;\n mat2 glyphMatrix = mat2(cos(angle), sin(angle), -sin(angle), cos(angle));\n vec2 screenCoordinate = dataAxis * (dataScale * dataOffset + dataShift) +\n glyphMatrix * glyphOffset * textScale + screenOffset;\n gl_Position = vec4(screenCoordinate, 0, 1);\n}\n"]),textFrag:i,gridVert:n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec3 dataCoord;\n\nuniform vec2 dataAxis, dataShift, dataScale;\nuniform float lineWidth;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec2 pos = dataAxis * (dataScale * dataCoord.x + dataShift);\n pos += 10.0 * dataCoord.y * vec2(dataAxis.y, -dataAxis.x) + dataCoord.z * lineWidth;\n gl_Position = vec4(pos, 0, 1);\n}\n"]),gridFrag:i,boxVert:n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec2 coord;\n\nuniform vec4 screenBox;\nuniform vec2 lo, hi;\n\nvec2 screen(vec2 v) {\n return 2.0 * (v - screenBox.xy) / (screenBox.zw - screenBox.xy) - 1.0;\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n gl_Position = vec4(screen(mix(lo, hi, coord)), 0, 1);\n}\n"]),tickVert:n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec3 dataCoord;\n\nuniform vec2 dataAxis, dataShift, dataScale, screenOffset, tickScale;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec2 pos = dataAxis * (dataScale * dataCoord.x + dataShift);\n gl_Position = vec4(pos + tickScale*dataCoord.yz + screenOffset, 0, 1);\n}\n"])}},{glslify:231}],117:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){var e=t.gl,r=n(e),a=i(e,s.textVert,s.textFrag);return new l(t,r,a)};var n=t("gl-buffer"),i=t("gl-shader"),a=t("text-cache"),o=t("binary-search-bounds"),s=t("./shaders");function l(t,e,r){this.plot=t,this.vbo=e,this.shader=r,this.tickOffset=[[],[]],this.tickX=[[],[]],this.labelOffset=[0,0],this.labelCount=[0,0]}var c,u,f,h,p,d,m=l.prototype;m.drawTicks=(c=[0,0],u=[0,0],f=[0,0],function(t){var e=this.plot,r=this.shader,n=this.tickX[t],i=this.tickOffset[t],a=e.gl,s=e.viewBox,l=e.dataBox,h=e.screenBox,p=e.pixelRatio,d=e.tickEnable,m=e.tickPad,g=e.tickColor,v=e.tickAngle,y=e.labelEnable,x=e.labelPad,b=e.labelColor,_=e.labelAngle,w=this.labelOffset[t],T=this.labelCount[t],k=o.lt(n,l[t]),A=o.le(n,l[t+2]);c[0]=c[1]=0,c[t]=1,u[t]=(s[2+t]+s[t])/(h[2+t]-h[t])-1;var M=2/h[2+(1^t)]-h[1^t];u[1^t]=M*s[1^t]-1,d[t]&&(u[1^t]-=M*p*m[t],k<A&&i[A]>i[k]&&(r.uniforms.dataAxis=c,r.uniforms.screenOffset=u,r.uniforms.color=g[t],r.uniforms.angle=v[t],a.drawArrays(a.TRIANGLES,i[k],i[A]-i[k]))),y[t]&&T&&(u[1^t]-=M*p*x[t],r.uniforms.dataAxis=f,r.uniforms.screenOffset=u,r.uniforms.color=b[t],r.uniforms.angle=_[t],a.drawArrays(a.TRIANGLES,w,T)),u[1^t]=M*s[2+(1^t)]-1,d[t+2]&&(u[1^t]+=M*p*m[t+2],k<A&&i[A]>i[k]&&(r.uniforms.dataAxis=c,r.uniforms.screenOffset=u,r.uniforms.color=g[t+2],r.uniforms.angle=v[t+2],a.drawArrays(a.TRIANGLES,i[k],i[A]-i[k]))),y[t+2]&&T&&(u[1^t]+=M*p*x[t+2],r.uniforms.dataAxis=f,r.uniforms.screenOffset=u,r.uniforms.color=b[t+2],r.uniforms.angle=_[t+2],a.drawArrays(a.TRIANGLES,w,T))}),m.drawTitle=function(){var t=[0,0],e=[0,0];return function(){var r=this.plot,n=this.shader,i=r.gl,a=r.screenBox,o=r.titleCenter,s=r.titleAngle,l=r.titleColor,c=r.pixelRatio;if(this.titleCount){for(var u=0;u<2;++u)e[u]=2*(o[u]*c-a[u])/(a[2+u]-a[u])-1;n.bind(),n.uniforms.dataAxis=t,n.uniforms.screenOffset=e,n.uniforms.angle=s,n.uniforms.color=l,i.drawArrays(i.TRIANGLES,this.titleOffset,this.titleCount)}}}(),m.bind=(h=[0,0],p=[0,0],d=[0,0],function(){var t=this.plot,e=this.shader,r=t._tickBounds,n=t.dataBox,i=t.screenBox,a=t.viewBox;e.bind();for(var o=0;o<2;++o){var s=r[o],l=r[o+2]-s,c=.5*(n[o+2]+n[o]),u=n[o+2]-n[o],f=a[o],m=a[o+2]-f,g=i[o],v=i[o+2]-g;p[o]=2*l/u*m/v,h[o]=2*(s-c)/u*m/v}d[1]=2*t.pixelRatio/(i[3]-i[1]),d[0]=d[1]*(i[3]-i[1])/(i[2]-i[0]),e.uniforms.dataScale=p,e.uniforms.dataShift=h,e.uniforms.textScale=d,this.vbo.bind(),e.attributes.textCoordinate.pointer()}),m.update=function(t){var e,r,n,i,o,s=[],l=t.ticks,c=t.bounds;for(o=0;o<2;++o){var u=[Math.floor(s.length/3)],f=[-1/0],h=l[o];for(e=0;e<h.length;++e){var p=h[e],d=p.x,m=p.text,g=p.font||"sans-serif";i=p.fontSize||12;for(var v=1/(c[o+2]-c[o]),y=c[o],x=m.split("\n"),b=0;b<x.length;b++)for(n=a(g,x[b]).data,r=0;r<n.length;r+=2)s.push(n[r]*i,-n[r+1]*i-b*i*1.2,(d-y)*v);u.push(Math.floor(s.length/3)),f.push(d)}this.tickOffset[o]=u,this.tickX[o]=f}for(o=0;o<2;++o){for(this.labelOffset[o]=Math.floor(s.length/3),n=a(t.labelFont[o],t.labels[o],{textAlign:"center"}).data,i=t.labelSize[o],e=0;e<n.length;e+=2)s.push(n[e]*i,-n[e+1]*i,0);this.labelCount[o]=Math.floor(s.length/3)-this.labelOffset[o]}for(this.titleOffset=Math.floor(s.length/3),n=a(t.titleFont,t.title).data,i=t.titleSize,e=0;e<n.length;e+=2)s.push(n[e]*i,-n[e+1]*i,0);this.titleCount=Math.floor(s.length/3)-this.titleOffset,this.vbo.update(s)},m.dispose=function(){this.vbo.dispose(),this.shader.dispose()}},{"./shaders":116,"binary-search-bounds":31,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-shader":132,"text-cache":303}],118:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){var e=t.gl,r=n(e,[e.drawingBufferWidth,e.drawingBufferHeight]),c=new l(e,r);return c.grid=i(c),c.text=a(c),c.line=o(c),c.box=s(c),c.update(t),c};var n=t("gl-select-static"),i=t("./lib/grid"),a=t("./lib/text"),o=t("./lib/line"),s=t("./lib/box");function l(t,e){this.gl=t,this.pickBuffer=e,this.screenBox=[0,0,t.drawingBufferWidth,t.drawingBufferHeight],this.viewBox=[0,0,0,0],this.dataBox=[-10,-10,10,10],this.gridLineEnable=[!0,!0],this.gridLineWidth=[1,1],this.gridLineColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.pixelRatio=1,this.tickMarkLength=[0,0,0,0],this.tickMarkWidth=[0,0,0,0],this.tickMarkColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.tickPad=[15,15,15,15],this.tickAngle=[0,0,0,0],this.tickEnable=[!0,!0,!0,!0],this.tickColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.labelPad=[15,15,15,15],this.labelAngle=[0,Math.PI/2,0,3*Math.PI/2],this.labelEnable=[!0,!0,!0,!0],this.labelColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.titleCenter=[0,0],this.titleEnable=!0,this.titleAngle=0,this.titleColor=[0,0,0,1],this.borderColor=[0,0,0,0],this.backgroundColor=[0,0,0,0],this.zeroLineEnable=[!0,!0],this.zeroLineWidth=[4,4],this.zeroLineColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.borderLineEnable=[!0,!0,!0,!0],this.borderLineWidth=[2,2,2,2],this.borderLineColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.grid=null,this.text=null,this.line=null,this.box=null,this.objects=[],this.overlays=[],this._tickBounds=[1/0,1/0,-1/0,-1/0],this.static=!1,this.dirty=!1,this.pickDirty=!1,this.pickDelay=120,this.pickRadius=10,this._pickTimeout=null,this._drawPick=this.drawPick.bind(this),this._depthCounter=0}var c=l.prototype;function u(t){for(var e=t.slice(),r=0;r<e.length;++r)e[r]=e[r].slice();return e}function f(t,e){return t.x-e.x}c.setDirty=function(){this.dirty=this.pickDirty=!0},c.setOverlayDirty=function(){this.dirty=!0},c.nextDepthValue=function(){return this._depthCounter++/65536},c.draw=function(){var t=this.gl,e=this.screenBox,r=this.viewBox,n=this.dataBox,i=this.pixelRatio,a=this.grid,o=this.line,s=this.text,l=this.objects;if(this._depthCounter=0,this.pickDirty&&(this._pickTimeout&&clearTimeout(this._pickTimeout),this.pickDirty=!1,this._pickTimeout=setTimeout(this._drawPick,this.pickDelay)),this.dirty){if(this.dirty=!1,t.bindFramebuffer(t.FRAMEBUFFER,null),t.enable(t.SCISSOR_TEST),t.disable(t.DEPTH_TEST),t.depthFunc(t.LESS),t.depthMask(!1),t.enable(t.BLEND),t.blendEquation(t.FUNC_ADD,t.FUNC_ADD),t.blendFunc(t.ONE,t.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA),this.borderColor){t.scissor(e[0],e[1],e[2]-e[0],e[3]-e[1]);var c=this.borderColor;t.clearColor(c[0]*c[3],c[1]*c[3],c[2]*c[3],c[3]),t.clear(t.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|t.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)}t.scissor(r[0],r[1],r[2]-r[0],r[3]-r[1]),t.viewport(r[0],r[1],r[2]-r[0],r[3]-r[1]);var u=this.backgroundColor;t.clearColor(u[0]*u[3],u[1]*u[3],u[2]*u[3],u[3]),t.clear(t.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT),a.draw();var f=this.zeroLineEnable,h=this.zeroLineColor,p=this.zeroLineWidth;if(f[0]||f[1]){o.bind();for(var d=0;d<2;++d)if(f[d]&&n[d]<=0&&n[d+2]>=0){var m=e[d]-n[d]*(e[d+2]-e[d])/(n[d+2]-n[d]);0===d?o.drawLine(m,e[1],m,e[3],p[d],h[d]):o.drawLine(e[0],m,e[2],m,p[d],h[d])}}for(d=0;d<l.length;++d)l[d].draw();t.viewport(e[0],e[1],e[2]-e[0],e[3]-e[1]),t.scissor(e[0],e[1],e[2]-e[0],e[3]-e[1]),this.grid.drawTickMarks(),o.bind();var g=this.borderLineEnable,v=this.borderLineWidth,y=this.borderLineColor;for(g[1]&&o.drawLine(r[0],r[1]-.5*v[1]*i,r[0],r[3]+.5*v[3]*i,v[1],y[1]),g[0]&&o.drawLine(r[0]-.5*v[0]*i,r[1],r[2]+.5*v[2]*i,r[1],v[0],y[0]),g[3]&&o.drawLine(r[2],r[1]-.5*v[1]*i,r[2],r[3]+.5*v[3]*i,v[3],y[3]),g[2]&&o.drawLine(r[0]-.5*v[0]*i,r[3],r[2]+.5*v[2]*i,r[3],v[2],y[2]),s.bind(),d=0;d<2;++d)s.drawTicks(d);this.titleEnable&&s.drawTitle();var x=this.overlays;for(d=0;d<x.length;++d)x[d].draw();t.disable(t.SCISSOR_TEST),t.disable(t.BLEND),t.depthMask(!0)}},c.drawPick=function(){if(!this.static){var t=this.pickBuffer;this.gl,this._pickTimeout=null,t.begin();for(var e=1,r=this.objects,n=0;n<r.length;++n)e=r[n].drawPick(e);t.end()}},c.pick=function(t,e){if(!this.static){var r=this.pixelRatio,n=this.pickPixelRatio,i=this.viewBox,a=0|Math.round((t-i[0]/r)*n),o=0|Math.round((e-i[1]/r)*n),s=this.pickBuffer.query(a,o,this.pickRadius);if(!s)return null;for(var l=s.id+(s.value[0]<<8)+(s.value[1]<<16)+(s.value[2]<<24),c=this.objects,u=0;u<c.length;++u){var f=c[u].pick(a,o,l);if(f)return f}return null}},c.setScreenBox=function(t){var e=this.screenBox,r=this.pixelRatio;e[0]=0|Math.round(t[0]*r),e[1]=0|Math.round(t[1]*r),e[2]=0|Math.round(t[2]*r),e[3]=0|Math.round(t[3]*r),this.setDirty()},c.setDataBox=function(t){var e=this.dataBox;(e[0]!==t[0]||e[1]!==t[1]||e[2]!==t[2]||e[3]!==t[3])&&(e[0]=t[0],e[1]=t[1],e[2]=t[2],e[3]=t[3],this.setDirty())},c.setViewBox=function(t){var e=this.pixelRatio,r=this.viewBox;r[0]=0|Math.round(t[0]*e),r[1]=0|Math.round(t[1]*e),r[2]=0|Math.round(t[2]*e),r[3]=0|Math.round(t[3]*e);var n=this.pickPixelRatio;this.pickBuffer.shape=[0|Math.round((t[2]-t[0])*n),0|Math.round((t[3]-t[1])*n)],this.setDirty()},c.update=function(t){t=t||{};var e=this.gl;this.pixelRatio=t.pixelRatio||1;var r=this.pixelRatio;this.pickPixelRatio=Math.max(r,1),this.setScreenBox(t.screenBox||[0,0,e.drawingBufferWidth/r,e.drawingBufferHeight/r]);this.screenBox;this.setViewBox(t.viewBox||[.125*(this.screenBox[2]-this.screenBox[0])/r,.125*(this.screenBox[3]-this.screenBox[1])/r,.875*(this.screenBox[2]-this.screenBox[0])/r,.875*(this.screenBox[3]-this.screenBox[1])/r]);var n=this.viewBox,i=(n[2]-n[0])/(n[3]-n[1]);this.setDataBox(t.dataBox||[-10,-10/i,10,10/i]),this.borderColor=!1!==t.borderColor&&(t.borderColor||[0,0,0,0]).slice(),this.backgroundColor=(t.backgroundColor||[0,0,0,0]).slice(),this.gridLineEnable=(t.gridLineEnable||[!0,!0]).slice(),this.gridLineWidth=(t.gridLineWidth||[1,1]).slice(),this.gridLineColor=u(t.gridLineColor||[[.5,.5,.5,1],[.5,.5,.5,1]]),this.zeroLineEnable=(t.zeroLineEnable||[!0,!0]).slice(),this.zeroLineWidth=(t.zeroLineWidth||[4,4]).slice(),this.zeroLineColor=u(t.zeroLineColor||[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]]),this.tickMarkLength=(t.tickMarkLength||[0,0,0,0]).slice(),this.tickMarkWidth=(t.tickMarkWidth||[0,0,0,0]).slice(),this.tickMarkColor=u(t.tickMarkColor||[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]]),this.titleCenter=(t.titleCenter||[.5*(n[0]+n[2])/r,(n[3]+120)/r]).slice(),this.titleEnable=!("titleEnable"in t)||!!t.titleEnable,this.titleAngle=t.titleAngle||0,this.titleColor=(t.titleColor||[0,0,0,1]).slice(),this.labelPad=(t.labelPad||[15,15,15,15]).slice(),this.labelAngle=(t.labelAngle||[0,Math.PI/2,0,3*Math.PI/2]).slice(),this.labelEnable=(t.labelEnable||[!0,!0,!0,!0]).slice(),this.labelColor=u(t.labelColor||[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]]),this.tickPad=(t.tickPad||[15,15,15,15]).slice(),this.tickAngle=(t.tickAngle||[0,0,0,0]).slice(),this.tickEnable=(t.tickEnable||[!0,!0,!0,!0]).slice(),this.tickColor=u(t.tickColor||[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]]),this.borderLineEnable=(t.borderLineEnable||[!0,!0,!0,!0]).slice(),this.borderLineWidth=(t.borderLineWidth||[2,2,2,2]).slice(),this.borderLineColor=u(t.borderLineColor||[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]]);var a=t.ticks||[[],[]],o=this._tickBounds;o[0]=o[1]=1/0,o[2]=o[3]=-1/0;for(var s=0;s<2;++s){var l=a[s].slice(0);0!==l.length&&(l.sort(f),o[s]=Math.min(o[s],l[0].x),o[s+2]=Math.max(o[s+2],l[l.length-1].x))}this.grid.update({bounds:o,ticks:a}),this.text.update({bounds:o,ticks:a,labels:t.labels||["x","y"],labelSize:t.labelSize||[12,12],labelFont:t.labelFont||["sans-serif","sans-serif"],title:t.title||"",titleSize:t.titleSize||18,titleFont:t.titleFont||"sans-serif"}),this.static=!!t.static,this.setDirty()},c.dispose=function(){this.box.dispose(),this.grid.dispose(),this.text.dispose(),this.line.dispose();for(var t=this.objects.length-1;t>=0;--t)this.objects[t].dispose();this.objects.length=0;for(t=this.overlays.length-1;t>=0;--t)this.overlays[t].dispose();this.overlays.length=0,this.gl=null},c.addObject=function(t){this.objects.indexOf(t)<0&&(this.objects.push(t),this.setDirty())},c.removeObject=function(t){for(var e=this.objects,r=0;r<e.length;++r)if(e[r]===t){e.splice(r,1),this.setDirty();break}},c.addOverlay=function(t){this.overlays.indexOf(t)<0&&(this.overlays.push(t),this.setOverlayDirty())},c.removeOverlay=function(t){for(var e=this.overlays,r=0;r<e.length;++r)if(e[r]===t){e.splice(r,1),this.setOverlayDirty();break}}},{"./lib/box":113,"./lib/grid":114,"./lib/line":115,"./lib/text":117,"gl-select-static":131}],119:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e){t=t||document.body,e=e||{};var r=[.01,1/0];"distanceLimits"in e&&(r[0]=e.distanceLimits[0],r[1]=e.distanceLimits[1]);"zoomMin"in e&&(r[0]=e.zoomMin);"zoomMax"in e&&(r[1]=e.zoomMax);var c=i({center:e.center||[0,0,0],up:e.up||[0,1,0],eye:e.eye||[0,0,10],mode:e.mode||"orbit",distanceLimits:r}),u=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],f=0,h=t.clientWidth,p=t.clientHeight,d={keyBindingMode:"rotate",enableWheel:!0,view:c,element:t,delay:e.delay||16,rotateSpeed:e.rotateSpeed||1,zoomSpeed:e.zoomSpeed||1,translateSpeed:e.translateSpeed||1,flipX:!!e.flipX,flipY:!!e.flipY,modes:c.modes,_ortho:e._ortho||e.projection&&"orthographic"===e.projection.type||!1,tick:function(){var e=n(),r=this.delay,i=e-2*r;c.idle(e-r),c.recalcMatrix(i),c.flush(e-(100+2*r));for(var a=!0,o=c.computedMatrix,s=0;s<16;++s)a=a&&u[s]===o[s],u[s]=o[s];var l=t.clientWidth===h&&t.clientHeight===p;return h=t.clientWidth,p=t.clientHeight,a?!l:(f=Math.exp(c.computedRadius[0]),!0)},lookAt:function(t,e,r){c.lookAt(c.lastT(),t,e,r)},rotate:function(t,e,r){c.rotate(c.lastT(),t,e,r)},pan:function(t,e,r){c.pan(c.lastT(),t,e,r)},translate:function(t,e,r){c.translate(c.lastT(),t,e,r)}};return Object.defineProperties(d,{matrix:{get:function(){return c.computedMatrix},set:function(t){return c.setMatrix(c.lastT(),t),c.computedMatrix},enumerable:!0},mode:{get:function(){return c.getMode()},set:function(t){var e=c.computedUp.slice(),r=c.computedEye.slice(),i=c.computedCenter.slice();if(c.setMode(t),"turntable"===t){var a=n();c._active.lookAt(a,r,i,e),c._active.lookAt(a+500,r,i,[0,0,1]),c._active.flush(a)}return c.getMode()},enumerable:!0},center:{get:function(){return c.computedCenter},set:function(t){return c.lookAt(c.lastT(),null,t),c.computedCenter},enumerable:!0},eye:{get:function(){return c.computedEye},set:function(t){return c.lookAt(c.lastT(),t),c.computedEye},enumerable:!0},up:{get:function(){return c.computedUp},set:function(t){return c.lookAt(c.lastT(),null,null,t),c.computedUp},enumerable:!0},distance:{get:function(){return f},set:function(t){return c.setDistance(c.lastT(),t),t},enumerable:!0},distanceLimits:{get:function(){return c.getDistanceLimits(r)},set:function(t){return c.setDistanceLimits(t),t},enumerable:!0}}),t.addEventListener("contextmenu",(function(t){return t.preventDefault(),!1})),d._lastX=-1,d._lastY=-1,d._lastMods={shift:!1,control:!1,alt:!1,meta:!1},d.enableMouseListeners=function(){function e(e,r,i,a){var o=d.keyBindingMode;if(!1!==o){var s="rotate"===o,l="pan"===o,u="zoom"===o,h=!!a.control,p=!!a.alt,m=!!a.shift,g=!!(1&e),v=!!(2&e),y=!!(4&e),x=1/t.clientHeight,b=x*(r-d._lastX),_=x*(i-d._lastY),w=d.flipX?1:-1,T=d.flipY?1:-1,k=Math.PI*d.rotateSpeed,A=n();if(-1!==d._lastX&&-1!==d._lastY&&((s&&g&&!h&&!p&&!m||g&&!h&&!p&&m)&&c.rotate(A,w*k*b,-T*k*_,0),(l&&g&&!h&&!p&&!m||v||g&&h&&!p&&!m)&&c.pan(A,-d.translateSpeed*b*f,d.translateSpeed*_*f,0),u&&g&&!h&&!p&&!m||y||g&&!h&&p&&!m)){var M=-d.zoomSpeed*_/window.innerHeight*(A-c.lastT())*100;c.pan(A,0,0,f*(Math.exp(M)-1))}return d._lastX=r,d._lastY=i,d._lastMods=a,!0}}d.mouseListener=a(t,e),t.addEventListener("touchstart",(function(r){var n=s(r.changedTouches[0],t);e(0,n[0],n[1],d._lastMods),e(1,n[0],n[1],d._lastMods)}),!!l&&{passive:!0}),t.addEventListener("touchmove",(function(r){var n=s(r.changedTouches[0],t);e(1,n[0],n[1],d._lastMods),r.preventDefault()}),!!l&&{passive:!1}),t.addEventListener("touchend",(function(t){e(0,d._lastX,d._lastY,d._lastMods)}),!!l&&{passive:!0}),d.wheelListener=o(t,(function(t,e){if(!1!==d.keyBindingMode&&d.enableWheel){var r=d.flipX?1:-1,i=d.flipY?1:-1,a=n();if(Math.abs(t)>Math.abs(e))c.rotate(a,0,0,-t*r*Math.PI*d.rotateSpeed/window.innerWidth);else if(!d._ortho){var o=-d.zoomSpeed*i*e/window.innerHeight*(a-c.lastT())/20;c.pan(a,0,0,f*(Math.exp(o)-1))}}}),!0)},d.enableMouseListeners(),d};var n=t("right-now"),i=t("3d-view"),a=t("mouse-change"),o=t("mouse-wheel"),s=t("mouse-event-offset"),l=t("has-passive-events")},{"3d-view":7,"has-passive-events":232,"mouse-change":247,"mouse-event-offset":248,"mouse-wheel":250,"right-now":278}],120:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("glslify"),i=t("gl-shader"),a=n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\nattribute vec2 position;\nvarying vec2 uv;\nvoid main() {\n uv = position;\n gl_Position = vec4(position, 0, 1);\n}"]),o=n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nuniform sampler2D accumBuffer;\nvarying vec2 uv;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec4 accum = texture2D(accumBuffer, 0.5 * (uv + 1.0));\n gl_FragColor = min(vec4(1,1,1,1), accum);\n}"]);e.exports=function(t){return i(t,a,o,null,[{name:"position",type:"vec2"}])}},{"gl-shader":132,glslify:231}],121:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("./camera.js"),i=t("gl-axes3d"),a=t("gl-axes3d/properties"),o=t("gl-spikes3d"),s=t("gl-select-static"),l=t("gl-fbo"),c=t("a-big-triangle"),u=t("mouse-change"),f=t("gl-mat4/perspective"),h=t("gl-mat4/ortho"),p=t("./lib/shader"),d=t("is-mobile")({tablet:!0,featureDetect:!0});function m(){this.mouse=[-1,-1],this.screen=null,this.distance=1/0,this.index=null,this.dataCoordinate=null,this.dataPosition=null,this.object=null,this.data=null}function g(t){var e=Math.round(Math.log(Math.abs(t))/Math.log(10));if(e<0){var r=Math.round(Math.pow(10,-e));return Math.ceil(t*r)/r}if(e>0){r=Math.round(Math.pow(10,e));return Math.ceil(t/r)*r}return Math.ceil(t)}function v(t){return"boolean"!=typeof t||t}e.exports={createScene:function(t){(t=t||{}).camera=t.camera||{};var e=t.canvas;if(!e){if(e=document.createElement("canvas"),t.container)t.container.appendChild(e);else document.body.appendChild(e)}var r=t.gl;r||(t.glOptions&&(d=!!t.glOptions.preserveDrawingBuffer),r=function(t,e){var r=null;try{(r=t.getContext("webgl",e))||(r=t.getContext("experimental-webgl",e))}catch(t){return null}return r}(e,t.glOptions||{premultipliedAlpha:!0,antialias:!0,preserveDrawingBuffer:d}));if(!r)throw new Error("webgl not supported");var y=t.bounds||[[-10,-10,-10],[10,10,10]],x=new m,b=l(r,r.drawingBufferWidth,r.drawingBufferHeight,{preferFloat:!d}),_=p(r),w=t.cameraObject&&!0===t.cameraObject._ortho||t.camera.projection&&"orthographic"===t.camera.projection.type||!1,T={eye:t.camera.eye||[2,0,0],center:t.camera.center||[0,0,0],up:t.camera.up||[0,1,0],zoomMin:t.camera.zoomMax||.1,zoomMax:t.camera.zoomMin||100,mode:t.camera.mode||"turntable",_ortho:w},k=t.axes||{},A=i(r,k);A.enable=!k.disable;var M=t.spikes||{},S=o(r,M),E=[],L=[],C=[],P=[],I=!0,O=!0,z=new Array(16),D=new Array(16),R={view:null,projection:z,model:D,_ortho:!1},F=(O=!0,[r.drawingBufferWidth,r.drawingBufferHeight]),B=t.cameraObject||n(e,T),N={gl:r,contextLost:!1,pixelRatio:t.pixelRatio||1,canvas:e,selection:x,camera:B,axes:A,axesPixels:null,spikes:S,bounds:y,objects:E,shape:F,aspect:t.aspectRatio||[1,1,1],pickRadius:t.pickRadius||10,zNear:t.zNear||.01,zFar:t.zFar||1e3,fovy:t.fovy||Math.PI/4,clearColor:t.clearColor||[0,0,0,0],autoResize:v(t.autoResize),autoBounds:v(t.autoBounds),autoScale:!!t.autoScale,autoCenter:v(t.autoCenter),clipToBounds:v(t.clipToBounds),snapToData:!!t.snapToData,onselect:t.onselect||null,onrender:t.onrender||null,onclick:t.onclick||null,cameraParams:R,oncontextloss:null,mouseListener:null,_stopped:!1,getAspectratio:function(){return{x:this.aspect[0],y:this.aspect[1],z:this.aspect[2]}},setAspectratio:function(t){this.aspect[0]=t.x,this.aspect[1]=t.y,this.aspect[2]=t.z,O=!0},setBounds:function(t,e){this.bounds[0][t]=e.min,this.bounds[1][t]=e.max},setClearColor:function(t){this.clearColor=t},clearRGBA:function(){this.gl.clearColor(this.clearColor[0],this.clearColor[1],this.clearColor[2],this.clearColor[3]),this.gl.clear(this.gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|this.gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)}},j=[r.drawingBufferWidth/N.pixelRatio|0,r.drawingBufferHeight/N.pixelRatio|0];function U(){if(!N._stopped&&N.autoResize){var t=e.parentNode,r=1,n=1;t&&t!==document.body?(r=t.clientWidth,n=t.clientHeight):(r=window.innerWidth,n=window.innerHeight);var i=0|Math.ceil(r*N.pixelRatio),a=0|Math.ceil(n*N.pixelRatio);if(i!==e.width||a!==e.height){e.width=i,e.height=a;var o=e.style;o.position=o.position||"absolute",o.left="0px",o.top="0px",o.width=r+"px",o.height=n+"px",I=!0}}}N.autoResize&&U();function V(){for(var t=E.length,e=P.length,n=0;n<e;++n)C[n]=0;t:for(n=0;n<t;++n){var i=E[n],a=i.pickSlots;if(a){for(var o=0;o<e;++o)if(C[o]+a<255){L[n]=o,i.setPickBase(C[o]+1),C[o]+=a;continue t}var l=s(r,F);L[n]=e,P.push(l),C.push(a),i.setPickBase(1),e+=1}else L[n]=-1}for(;e>0&&0===C[e-1];)C.pop(),P.pop().dispose()}function H(){if(N.contextLost)return!0;r.isContextLost()&&(N.contextLost=!0,N.mouseListener.enabled=!1,N.selection.object=null,N.oncontextloss&&N.oncontextloss())}window.addEventListener("resize",U),N.update=function(t){N._stopped||(t=t||{},I=!0,O=!0)},N.add=function(t){N._stopped||(t.axes=A,E.push(t),L.push(-1),I=!0,O=!0,V())},N.remove=function(t){if(!N._stopped){var e=E.indexOf(t);e<0||(E.splice(e,1),L.pop(),I=!0,O=!0,V())}},N.dispose=function(){if(!N._stopped&&(N._stopped=!0,window.removeEventListener("resize",U),e.removeEventListener("webglcontextlost",H),N.mouseListener.enabled=!1,!N.contextLost)){A.dispose(),S.dispose();for(var t=0;t<E.length;++t)E[t].dispose();b.dispose();for(t=0;t<P.length;++t)P[t].dispose();_.dispose(),r=null,A=null,S=null,E=[]}},N._mouseRotating=!1,N._prevButtons=0,N.enableMouseListeners=function(){N.mouseListener=u(e,(function(t,e,r){if(!N._stopped){var n=P.length,i=E.length,a=x.object;x.distance=1/0,x.mouse[0]=e,x.mouse[1]=r,x.object=null,x.screen=null,x.dataCoordinate=x.dataPosition=null;var o=!1;if(t&&N._prevButtons)N._mouseRotating=!0;else{N._mouseRotating&&(O=!0),N._mouseRotating=!1;for(var s=0;s<n;++s){var l=P[s].query(e,j[1]-r-1,N.pickRadius);if(l){if(l.distance>x.distance)continue;for(var c=0;c<i;++c){var u=E[c];if(L[c]===s){var f=u.pick(l);f&&(x.buttons=t,x.screen=l.coord,x.distance=l.distance,x.object=u,x.index=f.distance,x.dataPosition=f.position,x.dataCoordinate=f.dataCoordinate,x.data=f,o=!0)}}}}}a&&a!==x.object&&(a.highlight&&a.highlight(null),I=!0),x.object&&(x.object.highlight&&x.object.highlight(x.data),I=!0),(o=o||x.object!==a)&&N.onselect&&N.onselect(x),1&t&&!(1&N._prevButtons)&&N.onclick&&N.onclick(x),N._prevButtons=t}}))},e.addEventListener("webglcontextlost",H);var q=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]],G=[q[0].slice(),q[1].slice()];function Y(){if(!H()){U();var t=N.camera.tick();R.view=N.camera.matrix,I=I||t,O=O||t,A.pixelRatio=N.pixelRatio,S.pixelRatio=N.pixelRatio;var e=E.length,n=q[0],i=q[1];n[0]=n[1]=n[2]=1/0,i[0]=i[1]=i[2]=-1/0;for(var o=0;o<e;++o){(C=E[o]).pixelRatio=N.pixelRatio,C.axes=N.axes,I=I||!!C.dirty,O=O||!!C.dirty;var s=C.bounds;if(s)for(var l=s[0],u=s[1],p=0;p<3;++p)n[p]=Math.min(n[p],l[p]),i[p]=Math.max(i[p],u[p])}var d=N.bounds;if(N.autoBounds)for(p=0;p<3;++p){if(i[p]<n[p])n[p]=-1,i[p]=1;else{n[p]===i[p]&&(n[p]-=1,i[p]+=1);var m=.05*(i[p]-n[p]);n[p]=n[p]-m,i[p]=i[p]+m}d[0][p]=n[p],d[1][p]=i[p]}var v=!1;for(p=0;p<3;++p)v=v||G[0][p]!==d[0][p]||G[1][p]!==d[1][p],G[0][p]=d[0][p],G[1][p]=d[1][p];if(O=O||v,I=I||v){if(v){var y=[0,0,0];for(o=0;o<3;++o)y[o]=g((d[1][o]-d[0][o])/10);A.autoTicks?A.update({bounds:d,tickSpacing:y}):A.update({bounds:d})}var T=r.drawingBufferWidth,k=r.drawingBufferHeight;F[0]=T,F[1]=k,j[0]=0|Math.max(T/N.pixelRatio,1),j[1]=0|Math.max(k/N.pixelRatio,1),function(t,e){var r=t.bounds,n=t.cameraParams,i=n.projection,a=n.model,o=t.gl.drawingBufferWidth,s=t.gl.drawingBufferHeight,l=t.zNear,c=t.zFar,u=t.fovy,p=o/s;e?(h(i,-p,p,-1,1,l,c),n._ortho=!0):(f(i,u,p,l,c),n._ortho=!1);for(var d=0;d<16;++d)a[d]=0;a[15]=1;var m=0;for(d=0;d<3;++d)m=Math.max(m,r[1][d]-r[0][d]);for(d=0;d<3;++d)t.autoScale?a[5*d]=t.aspect[d]/(r[1][d]-r[0][d]):a[5*d]=1/m,t.autoCenter&&(a[12+d]=.5*-a[5*d]*(r[0][d]+r[1][d]))}(N,w);for(o=0;o<e;++o){(C=E[o]).axesBounds=d,N.clipToBounds&&(C.clipBounds=d)}x.object&&(N.snapToData?S.position=x.dataCoordinate:S.position=x.dataPosition,S.bounds=d),O&&(O=!1,function(){if(!H()){r.colorMask(!0,!0,!0,!0),r.depthMask(!0),r.disable(r.BLEND),r.enable(r.DEPTH_TEST),r.depthFunc(r.LEQUAL);for(var t=E.length,e=P.length,n=0;n<e;++n){var i=P[n];i.shape=j,i.begin();for(var a=0;a<t;++a)if(L[a]===n){var o=E[a];o.drawPick&&(o.pixelRatio=1,o.drawPick(R))}i.end()}}}()),N.axesPixels=a(N.axes,R,T,k),N.onrender&&N.onrender(),r.bindFramebuffer(r.FRAMEBUFFER,null),r.viewport(0,0,T,k),N.clearRGBA(),r.depthMask(!0),r.colorMask(!0,!0,!0,!0),r.enable(r.DEPTH_TEST),r.depthFunc(r.LEQUAL),r.disable(r.BLEND),r.disable(r.CULL_FACE);var M=!1;A.enable&&(M=M||A.isTransparent(),A.draw(R)),S.axes=A,x.object&&S.draw(R),r.disable(r.CULL_FACE);for(o=0;o<e;++o){(C=E[o]).axes=A,C.pixelRatio=N.pixelRatio,C.isOpaque&&C.isOpaque()&&C.draw(R),C.isTransparent&&C.isTransparent()&&(M=!0)}if(M){b.shape=F,b.bind(),r.clear(r.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT),r.colorMask(!1,!1,!1,!1),r.depthMask(!0),r.depthFunc(r.LESS),A.enable&&A.isTransparent()&&A.drawTransparent(R);for(o=0;o<e;++o){(C=E[o]).isOpaque&&C.isOpaque()&&C.draw(R)}r.enable(r.BLEND),r.blendEquation(r.FUNC_ADD),r.blendFunc(r.ONE,r.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA),r.colorMask(!0,!0,!0,!0),r.depthMask(!1),r.clearColor(0,0,0,0),r.clear(r.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT),A.isTransparent()&&A.drawTransparent(R);for(o=0;o<e;++o){var C;(C=E[o]).isTransparent&&C.isTransparent()&&C.drawTransparent(R)}r.bindFramebuffer(r.FRAMEBUFFER,null),r.blendFunc(r.ONE,r.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA),r.disable(r.DEPTH_TEST),_.bind(),b.color[0].bind(0),_.uniforms.accumBuffer=0,c(r),r.disable(r.BLEND)}I=!1;for(o=0;o<e;++o)E[o].dirty=!1}}}return N.enableMouseListeners(),function t(){if(N._stopped||N.contextLost)return;Y(),requestAnimationFrame(t)}(),N.redraw=function(){N._stopped||(I=!0,Y())},N},createCamera:n}},{"./camera.js":119,"./lib/shader":120,"a-big-triangle":8,"gl-axes3d":70,"gl-axes3d/properties":77,"gl-fbo":86,"gl-mat4/ortho":101,"gl-mat4/perspective":102,"gl-select-static":131,"gl-spikes3d":141,"is-mobile":238,"mouse-change":247}],122:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("glslify");r.pointVertex=n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec2 position;\n\nuniform mat3 matrix;\nuniform float pointSize;\nuniform float pointCloud;\n\nhighp float rand(vec2 co) {\n highp float a = 12.9898;\n highp float b = 78.233;\n highp float c = 43758.5453;\n highp float d = dot(co.xy, vec2(a, b));\n highp float e = mod(d, 3.14);\n return fract(sin(e) * c);\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n vec3 hgPosition = matrix * vec3(position, 1);\n gl_Position = vec4(hgPosition.xy, 0, hgPosition.z);\n // if we don't jitter the point size a bit, overall point cloud\n // saturation 'jumps' on zooming, which is disturbing and confusing\n gl_PointSize = pointSize * ((19.5 + rand(position)) / 20.0);\n if(pointCloud != 0.0) { // pointCloud is truthy\n // get the same square surface as circle would be\n gl_PointSize *= 0.886;\n }\n}"]),r.pointFragment=n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nuniform vec4 color, borderColor;\nuniform float centerFraction;\nuniform float pointCloud;\n\nvoid main() {\n float radius;\n vec4 baseColor;\n if(pointCloud != 0.0) { // pointCloud is truthy\n if(centerFraction == 1.0) {\n gl_FragColor = color;\n } else {\n gl_FragColor = mix(borderColor, color, centerFraction);\n }\n } else {\n radius = length(2.0 * gl_PointCoord.xy - 1.0);\n if(radius > 1.0) {\n discard;\n }\n baseColor = mix(borderColor, color, step(radius, centerFraction));\n gl_FragColor = vec4(baseColor.rgb * baseColor.a, baseColor.a);\n }\n}\n"]),r.pickVertex=n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec2 position;\nattribute vec4 pickId;\n\nuniform mat3 matrix;\nuniform float pointSize;\nuniform vec4 pickOffset;\n\nvarying vec4 fragId;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec3 hgPosition = matrix * vec3(position, 1);\n gl_Position = vec4(hgPosition.xy, 0, hgPosition.z);\n gl_PointSize = pointSize;\n\n vec4 id = pickId + pickOffset;\n id.y += floor(id.x / 256.0);\n id.x -= floor(id.x / 256.0) * 256.0;\n\n id.z += floor(id.y / 256.0);\n id.y -= floor(id.y / 256.0) * 256.0;\n\n id.w += floor(id.z / 256.0);\n id.z -= floor(id.z / 256.0) * 256.0;\n\n fragId = id;\n}\n"]),r.pickFragment=n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nvarying vec4 fragId;\n\nvoid main() {\n float radius = length(2.0 * gl_PointCoord.xy - 1.0);\n if(radius > 1.0) {\n discard;\n }\n gl_FragColor = fragId / 255.0;\n}\n"])},{glslify:231}],123:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("gl-shader"),i=t("gl-buffer"),a=t("typedarray-pool"),o=t("./lib/shader");function s(t,e,r,n,i){this.plot=t,this.offsetBuffer=e,this.pickBuffer=r,this.shader=n,this.pickShader=i,this.sizeMin=.5,this.sizeMinCap=2,this.sizeMax=20,this.areaRatio=1,this.pointCount=0,this.color=[1,0,0,1],this.borderColor=[0,0,0,1],this.blend=!1,this.pickOffset=0,this.points=null}e.exports=function(t,e){var r=t.gl,a=i(r),l=i(r),c=n(r,o.pointVertex,o.pointFragment),u=n(r,o.pickVertex,o.pickFragment),f=new s(t,a,l,c,u);return f.update(e),t.addObject(f),f};var l,c,u=s.prototype;u.dispose=function(){this.shader.dispose(),this.pickShader.dispose(),this.offsetBuffer.dispose(),this.pickBuffer.dispose(),this.plot.removeObject(this)},u.update=function(t){var e;function r(e,r){return e in t?t[e]:r}t=t||{},this.sizeMin=r("sizeMin",.5),this.sizeMax=r("sizeMax",20),this.color=r("color",[1,0,0,1]).slice(),this.areaRatio=r("areaRatio",1),this.borderColor=r("borderColor",[0,0,0,1]).slice(),this.blend=r("blend",!1);var n=t.positions.length>>>1,i=t.positions instanceof Float32Array,o=t.idToIndex instanceof Int32Array&&t.idToIndex.length>=n,s=t.positions,l=i?s:a.mallocFloat32(s.length),c=o?t.idToIndex:a.mallocInt32(n);if(i||l.set(s),!o)for(l.set(s),e=0;e<n;e++)c[e]=e;this.points=s,this.offsetBuffer.update(l),this.pickBuffer.update(c),i||a.free(l),o||a.free(c),this.pointCount=n,this.pickOffset=0},u.unifiedDraw=(l=[1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1],c=[0,0,0,0],function(t){var e=void 0!==t,r=e?this.pickShader:this.shader,n=this.plot.gl,i=this.plot.dataBox;if(0===this.pointCount)return t;var a=i[2]-i[0],o=i[3]-i[1],s=function(t,e){var r,n=0,i=t.length>>>1;for(r=0;r<i;r++){var a=t[2*r],o=t[2*r+1];a>=e[0]&&a<=e[2]&&o>=e[1]&&o<=e[3]&&n++}return n}(this.points,i),u=this.plot.pickPixelRatio*Math.max(Math.min(this.sizeMinCap,this.sizeMin),Math.min(this.sizeMax,this.sizeMax/Math.pow(s,.33333)));l[0]=2/a,l[4]=2/o,l[6]=-2*i[0]/a-1,l[7]=-2*i[1]/o-1,this.offsetBuffer.bind(),r.bind(),r.attributes.position.pointer(),r.uniforms.matrix=l,r.uniforms.color=this.color,r.uniforms.borderColor=this.borderColor,r.uniforms.pointCloud=u<5,r.uniforms.pointSize=u,r.uniforms.centerFraction=Math.min(1,Math.max(0,Math.sqrt(1-this.areaRatio))),e&&(c[0]=255&t,c[1]=t>>8&255,c[2]=t>>16&255,c[3]=t>>24&255,this.pickBuffer.bind(),r.attributes.pickId.pointer(n.UNSIGNED_BYTE),r.uniforms.pickOffset=c,this.pickOffset=t);var f=n.getParameter(n.BLEND),h=n.getParameter(n.DITHER);return f&&!this.blend&&n.disable(n.BLEND),h&&n.disable(n.DITHER),n.drawArrays(n.POINTS,0,this.pointCount),f&&!this.blend&&n.enable(n.BLEND),h&&n.enable(n.DITHER),t+this.pointCount}),u.draw=u.unifiedDraw,u.drawPick=u.unifiedDraw,u.pick=function(t,e,r){var n=this.pickOffset,i=this.pointCount;if(r<n||r>=n+i)return null;var a=r-n,o=this.points;return{object:this,pointId:a,dataCoord:[o[2*a],o[2*a+1]]}}},{"./lib/shader":122,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-shader":132,"typedarray-pool":308}],124:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=function(t,e,r,n){var i,a,o,s,l,c=e[0],u=e[1],f=e[2],h=e[3],p=r[0],d=r[1],m=r[2],g=r[3];(a=c*p+u*d+f*m+h*g)<0&&(a=-a,p=-p,d=-d,m=-m,g=-g);1-a>1e-6?(i=Math.acos(a),o=Math.sin(i),s=Math.sin((1-n)*i)/o,l=Math.sin(n*i)/o):(s=1-n,l=n);return t[0]=s*c+l*p,t[1]=s*u+l*d,t[2]=s*f+l*m,t[3]=s*h+l*g,t}},{}],125:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){return t||0===t?t.toString():""}},{}],126:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("vectorize-text");e.exports=function(t,e,r){var a=i[e];a||(a=i[e]={});if(t in a)return a[t];var o={textAlign:"center",textBaseline:"middle",lineHeight:1,font:e,lineSpacing:1.25,styletags:{breaklines:!0,bolds:!0,italics:!0,subscripts:!0,superscripts:!0},triangles:!0},s=n(t,o);o.triangles=!1;var l,c,u=n(t,o);if(r&&1!==r){for(l=0;l<s.positions.length;++l)for(c=0;c<s.positions[l].length;++c)s.positions[l][c]/=r;for(l=0;l<u.positions.length;++l)for(c=0;c<u.positions[l].length;++c)u.positions[l][c]/=r}var f=[[1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0]],h=u.positions.length;for(l=0;l<h;++l){var p=u.positions[l];for(c=0;c<2;++c)f[0][c]=Math.min(f[0][c],p[c]),f[1][c]=Math.max(f[1][c],p[c])}return a[t]=[s,u,f]};var i={}},{"vectorize-text":311}],127:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("gl-shader"),i=t("glslify"),a=i(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nattribute vec3 position;\nattribute vec4 color;\nattribute vec2 glyph;\nattribute vec4 id;\n\nuniform vec4 highlightId;\nuniform float highlightScale;\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\n\nvarying vec4 interpColor;\nvarying vec4 pickId;\nvarying vec3 dataCoordinate;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], position)) {\n\n gl_Position = vec4(0,0,0,0);\n } else {\n float scale = 1.0;\n if(distance(highlightId, id) < 0.0001) {\n scale = highlightScale;\n }\n\n vec4 worldPosition = model * vec4(position, 1);\n vec4 viewPosition = view * worldPosition;\n viewPosition = viewPosition / viewPosition.w;\n vec4 clipPosition = projection * (viewPosition + scale * vec4(glyph.x, -glyph.y, 0, 0));\n\n gl_Position = clipPosition;\n interpColor = color;\n pickId = id;\n dataCoordinate = position;\n }\n}"]),o=i(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nattribute vec3 position;\nattribute vec4 color;\nattribute vec2 glyph;\nattribute vec4 id;\n\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\nuniform vec2 screenSize;\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float highlightScale, pixelRatio;\nuniform vec4 highlightId;\n\nvarying vec4 interpColor;\nvarying vec4 pickId;\nvarying vec3 dataCoordinate;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], position)) {\n\n gl_Position = vec4(0,0,0,0);\n } else {\n float scale = pixelRatio;\n if(distance(highlightId.bgr, id.bgr) < 0.001) {\n scale *= highlightScale;\n }\n\n vec4 worldPosition = model * vec4(position, 1.0);\n vec4 viewPosition = view * worldPosition;\n vec4 clipPosition = projection * viewPosition;\n clipPosition /= clipPosition.w;\n\n gl_Position = clipPosition + vec4(screenSize * scale * vec2(glyph.x, -glyph.y), 0.0, 0.0);\n interpColor = color;\n pickId = id;\n dataCoordinate = position;\n }\n}"]),s=i(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nattribute vec3 position;\nattribute vec4 color;\nattribute vec2 glyph;\nattribute vec4 id;\n\nuniform float highlightScale;\nuniform vec4 highlightId;\nuniform vec3 axes[2];\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\nuniform vec2 screenSize;\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float scale, pixelRatio;\n\nvarying vec4 interpColor;\nvarying vec4 pickId;\nvarying vec3 dataCoordinate;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], position)) {\n\n gl_Position = vec4(0,0,0,0);\n } else {\n float lscale = pixelRatio * scale;\n if(distance(highlightId, id) < 0.0001) {\n lscale *= highlightScale;\n }\n\n vec4 clipCenter = projection * view * model * vec4(position, 1);\n vec3 dataPosition = position + 0.5*lscale*(axes[0] * glyph.x + axes[1] * glyph.y) * clipCenter.w * screenSize.y;\n vec4 clipPosition = projection * view * model * vec4(dataPosition, 1);\n\n gl_Position = clipPosition;\n interpColor = color;\n pickId = id;\n dataCoordinate = dataPosition;\n }\n}\n"]),l=i(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 fragClipBounds[2];\nuniform float opacity;\n\nvarying vec4 interpColor;\nvarying vec3 dataCoordinate;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (\n outOfRange(fragClipBounds[0], fragClipBounds[1], dataCoordinate) ||\n interpColor.a * opacity == 0.\n ) discard;\n gl_FragColor = interpColor * opacity;\n}\n"]),c=i(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 fragClipBounds[2];\nuniform float pickGroup;\n\nvarying vec4 pickId;\nvarying vec3 dataCoordinate;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(fragClipBounds[0], fragClipBounds[1], dataCoordinate)) discard;\n\n gl_FragColor = vec4(pickGroup, pickId.bgr);\n}"]),u=[{name:"position",type:"vec3"},{name:"color",type:"vec4"},{name:"glyph",type:"vec2"},{name:"id",type:"vec4"}],f={vertex:a,fragment:l,attributes:u},h={vertex:o,fragment:l,attributes:u},p={vertex:s,fragment:l,attributes:u},d={vertex:a,fragment:c,attributes:u},m={vertex:o,fragment:c,attributes:u},g={vertex:s,fragment:c,attributes:u};function v(t,e){var r=n(t,e),i=r.attributes;return i.position.location=0,i.color.location=1,i.glyph.location=2,i.id.location=3,r}r.createPerspective=function(t){return v(t,f)},r.createOrtho=function(t){return v(t,h)},r.createProject=function(t){return v(t,p)},r.createPickPerspective=function(t){return v(t,d)},r.createPickOrtho=function(t){return v(t,m)},r.createPickProject=function(t){return v(t,g)}},{"gl-shader":132,glslify:231}],128:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("is-string-blank"),i=t("gl-buffer"),a=t("gl-vao"),o=t("typedarray-pool"),s=t("gl-mat4/multiply"),l=t("./lib/shaders"),c=t("./lib/glyphs"),u=t("./lib/get-simple-string"),f=[1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1];function h(t,e){var r=t[0],n=t[1],i=t[2],a=t[3];return t[0]=e[0]*r+e[4]*n+e[8]*i+e[12]*a,t[1]=e[1]*r+e[5]*n+e[9]*i+e[13]*a,t[2]=e[2]*r+e[6]*n+e[10]*i+e[14]*a,t[3]=e[3]*r+e[7]*n+e[11]*i+e[15]*a,t}function p(t,e,r,n){return h(n,n),h(n,n),h(n,n)}function d(t,e){this.index=t,this.dataCoordinate=this.position=e}function m(t){return!0===t||t>1?1:t}function g(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,s,l,c,u,f){this.gl=t,this.pixelRatio=1,this.shader=e,this.orthoShader=r,this.projectShader=n,this.pointBuffer=i,this.colorBuffer=a,this.glyphBuffer=o,this.idBuffer=s,this.vao=l,this.vertexCount=0,this.lineVertexCount=0,this.opacity=1,this.hasAlpha=!1,this.lineWidth=0,this.projectScale=[2/3,2/3,2/3],this.projectOpacity=[1,1,1],this.projectHasAlpha=!1,this.pickId=0,this.pickPerspectiveShader=c,this.pickOrthoShader=u,this.pickProjectShader=f,this.points=[],this._selectResult=new d(0,[0,0,0]),this.useOrtho=!0,this.bounds=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]],this.axesProject=[!0,!0,!0],this.axesBounds=[[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],[1/0,1/0,1/0]],this.highlightId=[1,1,1,1],this.highlightScale=2,this.clipBounds=[[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],[1/0,1/0,1/0]],this.dirty=!0}e.exports=function(t){var e=t.gl,r=l.createPerspective(e),n=l.createOrtho(e),o=l.createProject(e),s=l.createPickPerspective(e),c=l.createPickOrtho(e),u=l.createPickProject(e),f=i(e),h=i(e),p=i(e),d=i(e),m=a(e,[{buffer:f,size:3,type:e.FLOAT},{buffer:h,size:4,type:e.FLOAT},{buffer:p,size:2,type:e.FLOAT},{buffer:d,size:4,type:e.UNSIGNED_BYTE,normalized:!0}]),v=new g(e,r,n,o,f,h,p,d,m,s,c,u);return v.update(t),v};var v=g.prototype;v.pickSlots=1,v.setPickBase=function(t){this.pickId=t},v.isTransparent=function(){if(this.hasAlpha)return!0;for(var t=0;t<3;++t)if(this.axesProject[t]&&this.projectHasAlpha)return!0;return!1},v.isOpaque=function(){if(!this.hasAlpha)return!0;for(var t=0;t<3;++t)if(this.axesProject[t]&&!this.projectHasAlpha)return!0;return!1};var y=[0,0],x=[0,0,0],b=[0,0,0],_=[0,0,0,1],w=[0,0,0,1],T=f.slice(),k=[0,0,0],A=[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]];function M(t){return t[0]=t[1]=t[2]=0,t}function S(t,e){return t[0]=e[0],t[1]=e[1],t[2]=e[2],t[3]=1,t}function E(t,e,r,n){return t[0]=e[0],t[1]=e[1],t[2]=e[2],t[r]=n,t}function L(t,e,r,n){var i,a=e.axesProject,o=e.gl,l=t.uniforms,c=r.model||f,u=r.view||f,h=r.projection||f,d=e.axesBounds,m=function(t){for(var e=A,r=0;r<2;++r)for(var n=0;n<3;++n)e[r][n]=Math.max(Math.min(t[r][n],1e8),-1e8);return e}(e.clipBounds);i=e.axes&&e.axes.lastCubeProps?e.axes.lastCubeProps.axis:[1,1,1],y[0]=2/o.drawingBufferWidth,y[1]=2/o.drawingBufferHeight,t.bind(),l.view=u,l.projection=h,l.screenSize=y,l.highlightId=e.highlightId,l.highlightScale=e.highlightScale,l.clipBounds=m,l.pickGroup=e.pickId/255,l.pixelRatio=n;for(var g=0;g<3;++g)if(a[g]){l.scale=e.projectScale[g],l.opacity=e.projectOpacity[g];for(var v=T,L=0;L<16;++L)v[L]=0;for(L=0;L<4;++L)v[5*L]=1;v[5*g]=0,i[g]<0?v[12+g]=d[0][g]:v[12+g]=d[1][g],s(v,c,v),l.model=v;var C=(g+1)%3,P=(g+2)%3,I=M(x),O=M(b);I[C]=1,O[P]=1;var z=p(0,0,0,S(_,I)),D=p(0,0,0,S(w,O));if(Math.abs(z[1])>Math.abs(D[1])){var R=z;z=D,D=R,R=I,I=O,O=R;var F=C;C=P,P=F}z[0]<0&&(I[C]=-1),D[1]>0&&(O[P]=-1);var B=0,N=0;for(L=0;L<4;++L)B+=Math.pow(c[4*C+L],2),N+=Math.pow(c[4*P+L],2);I[C]/=Math.sqrt(B),O[P]/=Math.sqrt(N),l.axes[0]=I,l.axes[1]=O,l.fragClipBounds[0]=E(k,m[0],g,-1e8),l.fragClipBounds[1]=E(k,m[1],g,1e8),e.vao.bind(),e.vao.draw(o.TRIANGLES,e.vertexCount),e.lineWidth>0&&(o.lineWidth(e.lineWidth*n),e.vao.draw(o.LINES,e.lineVertexCount,e.vertexCount)),e.vao.unbind()}}var C=[[-1e8,-1e8,-1e8],[1e8,1e8,1e8]];function P(t,e,r,n,i,a,o){var s=r.gl;if((a===r.projectHasAlpha||o)&&L(e,r,n,i),a===r.hasAlpha||o){t.bind();var l=t.uniforms;l.model=n.model||f,l.view=n.view||f,l.projection=n.projection||f,y[0]=2/s.drawingBufferWidth,y[1]=2/s.drawingBufferHeight,l.screenSize=y,l.highlightId=r.highlightId,l.highlightScale=r.highlightScale,l.fragClipBounds=C,l.clipBounds=r.axes.bounds,l.opacity=r.opacity,l.pickGroup=r.pickId/255,l.pixelRatio=i,r.vao.bind(),r.vao.draw(s.TRIANGLES,r.vertexCount),r.lineWidth>0&&(s.lineWidth(r.lineWidth*i),r.vao.draw(s.LINES,r.lineVertexCount,r.vertexCount)),r.vao.unbind()}}function I(t,e,r,i){var a;a=Array.isArray(t)?e<t.length?t[e]:void 0:t,a=u(a);var o=!0;n(a)&&(a="\u25bc",o=!1);var s=c(a,r,i);return{mesh:s[0],lines:s[1],bounds:s[2],visible:o}}v.draw=function(t){P(this.useOrtho?this.orthoShader:this.shader,this.projectShader,this,t,this.pixelRatio,!1,!1)},v.drawTransparent=function(t){P(this.useOrtho?this.orthoShader:this.shader,this.projectShader,this,t,this.pixelRatio,!0,!1)},v.drawPick=function(t){P(this.useOrtho?this.pickOrthoShader:this.pickPerspectiveShader,this.pickProjectShader,this,t,1,!0,!0)},v.pick=function(t){if(!t)return null;if(t.id!==this.pickId)return null;var e=t.value[2]+(t.value[1]<<8)+(t.value[0]<<16);if(e>=this.pointCount||e<0)return null;var r=this.points[e],n=this._selectResult;n.index=e;for(var i=0;i<3;++i)n.position[i]=n.dataCoordinate[i]=r[i];return n},v.highlight=function(t){if(t){var e=t.index,r=255&e,n=e>>8&255,i=e>>16&255;this.highlightId=[r/255,n/255,i/255,0]}else this.highlightId=[1,1,1,1]},v.update=function(t){if("perspective"in(t=t||{})&&(this.useOrtho=!t.perspective),"orthographic"in t&&(this.useOrtho=!!t.orthographic),"lineWidth"in t&&(this.lineWidth=t.lineWidth),"project"in t)if(Array.isArray(t.project))this.axesProject=t.project;else{var e=!!t.project;this.axesProject=[e,e,e]}if("projectScale"in t)if(Array.isArray(t.projectScale))this.projectScale=t.projectScale.slice();else{var r=+t.projectScale;this.projectScale=[r,r,r]}if(this.projectHasAlpha=!1,"projectOpacity"in t){if(Array.isArray(t.projectOpacity))this.projectOpacity=t.projectOpacity.slice();else{r=+t.projectOpacity;this.projectOpacity=[r,r,r]}for(var n=0;n<3;++n)this.projectOpacity[n]=m(this.projectOpacity[n]),this.projectOpacity[n]<1&&(this.projectHasAlpha=!0)}this.hasAlpha=!1,"opacity"in t&&(this.opacity=m(t.opacity),this.opacity<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0)),this.dirty=!0;var i,a,s=t.position,l=t.font||"normal",c=t.alignment||[0,0];if(2===c.length)i=c[0],a=c[1];else{i=[],a=[];for(n=0;n<c.length;++n)i[n]=c[n][0],a[n]=c[n][1]}var u=[1/0,1/0,1/0],f=[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],h=t.glyph,p=t.color,d=t.size,g=t.angle,v=t.lineColor,y=-1,x=0,b=0,_=0;if(s.length){_=s.length;t:for(n=0;n<_;++n){for(var w=s[n],T=0;T<3;++T)if(isNaN(w[T])||!isFinite(w[T]))continue t;var k=(N=I(h,n,l,this.pixelRatio)).mesh,A=N.lines,M=N.bounds;x+=3*k.cells.length,b+=2*A.edges.length}}var S=x+b,E=o.mallocFloat(3*S),L=o.mallocFloat(4*S),C=o.mallocFloat(2*S),P=o.mallocUint32(S);if(S>0){var O=0,z=x,D=[0,0,0,1],R=[0,0,0,1],F=Array.isArray(p)&&Array.isArray(p[0]),B=Array.isArray(v)&&Array.isArray(v[0]);t:for(n=0;n<_;++n){y+=1;for(w=s[n],T=0;T<3;++T){if(isNaN(w[T])||!isFinite(w[T]))continue t;f[T]=Math.max(f[T],w[T]),u[T]=Math.min(u[T],w[T])}k=(N=I(h,n,l,this.pixelRatio)).mesh,A=N.lines,M=N.bounds;var N,j=N.visible;if(j)if(Array.isArray(p)){if(3===(U=F?n<p.length?p[n]:[0,0,0,0]:p).length){for(T=0;T<3;++T)D[T]=U[T];D[3]=1}else if(4===U.length){for(T=0;T<4;++T)D[T]=U[T];!this.hasAlpha&&U[3]<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0)}}else D[0]=D[1]=D[2]=0,D[3]=1;else D=[1,1,1,0];if(j)if(Array.isArray(v)){var U;if(3===(U=B?n<v.length?v[n]:[0,0,0,0]:v).length){for(T=0;T<3;++T)R[T]=U[T];R[T]=1}else if(4===U.length){for(T=0;T<4;++T)R[T]=U[T];!this.hasAlpha&&U[3]<1&&(this.hasAlpha=!0)}}else R[0]=R[1]=R[2]=0,R[3]=1;else R=[1,1,1,0];var V=.5;j?Array.isArray(d)?V=n<d.length?+d[n]:12:d?V=+d:this.useOrtho&&(V=12):V=0;var H=0;Array.isArray(g)?H=n<g.length?+g[n]:0:g&&(H=+g);var q=Math.cos(H),G=Math.sin(H);for(w=s[n],T=0;T<3;++T)f[T]=Math.max(f[T],w[T]),u[T]=Math.min(u[T],w[T]);var Y=i,W=a;Y=0;Array.isArray(i)?Y=n<i.length?i[n]:0:i&&(Y=i);W=0;Array.isArray(a)?W=n<a.length?a[n]:0:a&&(W=a);var Z=[Y*=Y>0?1-M[0][0]:Y<0?1+M[1][0]:1,W*=W>0?1-M[0][1]:W<0?1+M[1][1]:1],X=k.cells||[],J=k.positions||[];for(T=0;T<X.length;++T)for(var K=X[T],Q=0;Q<3;++Q){for(var $=0;$<3;++$)E[3*O+$]=w[$];for($=0;$<4;++$)L[4*O+$]=D[$];P[O]=y;var tt=J[K[Q]];C[2*O]=V*(q*tt[0]-G*tt[1]+Z[0]),C[2*O+1]=V*(G*tt[0]+q*tt[1]+Z[1]),O+=1}for(X=A.edges,J=A.positions,T=0;T<X.length;++T)for(K=X[T],Q=0;Q<2;++Q){for($=0;$<3;++$)E[3*z+$]=w[$];for($=0;$<4;++$)L[4*z+$]=R[$];P[z]=y;tt=J[K[Q]];C[2*z]=V*(q*tt[0]-G*tt[1]+Z[0]),C[2*z+1]=V*(G*tt[0]+q*tt[1]+Z[1]),z+=1}}}this.bounds=[u,f],this.points=s,this.pointCount=s.length,this.vertexCount=x,this.lineVertexCount=b,this.pointBuffer.update(E),this.colorBuffer.update(L),this.glyphBuffer.update(C),this.idBuffer.update(P),o.free(E),o.free(L),o.free(C),o.free(P)},v.dispose=function(){this.shader.dispose(),this.orthoShader.dispose(),this.pickPerspectiveShader.dispose(),this.pickOrthoShader.dispose(),this.vao.dispose(),this.pointBuffer.dispose(),this.colorBuffer.dispose(),this.glyphBuffer.dispose(),this.idBuffer.dispose()}},{"./lib/get-simple-string":125,"./lib/glyphs":126,"./lib/shaders":127,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-mat4/multiply":100,"gl-vao":150,"is-string-blank":239,"typedarray-pool":308}],129:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("glslify");r.boxVertex=n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec2 vertex;\n\nuniform vec2 cornerA, cornerB;\n\nvoid main() {\n gl_Position = vec4(mix(cornerA, cornerB, vertex), 0, 1);\n}\n"]),r.boxFragment=n(["precision mediump float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nuniform vec4 color;\n\nvoid main() {\n gl_FragColor = color;\n}\n"])},{glslify:231}],130:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("gl-shader"),i=t("gl-buffer"),a=t("./lib/shaders");function o(t,e,r){this.plot=t,this.boxBuffer=e,this.boxShader=r,this.enabled=!0,this.selectBox=[1/0,1/0,-1/0,-1/0],this.borderColor=[0,0,0,1],this.innerFill=!1,this.innerColor=[0,0,0,.25],this.outerFill=!0,this.outerColor=[0,0,0,.5],this.borderWidth=10}e.exports=function(t,e){var r=t.gl,s=i(r,[0,0,0,1,1,0,1,1]),l=n(r,a.boxVertex,a.boxFragment),c=new o(t,s,l);return c.update(e),t.addOverlay(c),c};var s=o.prototype;s.draw=function(){if(this.enabled){var t=this.plot,e=this.selectBox,r=this.borderWidth,n=(this.innerFill,this.innerColor),i=(this.outerFill,this.outerColor),a=this.borderColor,o=t.box,s=t.screenBox,l=t.dataBox,c=t.viewBox,u=t.pixelRatio,f=(e[0]-l[0])*(c[2]-c[0])/(l[2]-l[0])+c[0],h=(e[1]-l[1])*(c[3]-c[1])/(l[3]-l[1])+c[1],p=(e[2]-l[0])*(c[2]-c[0])/(l[2]-l[0])+c[0],d=(e[3]-l[1])*(c[3]-c[1])/(l[3]-l[1])+c[1];if(f=Math.max(f,c[0]),h=Math.max(h,c[1]),p=Math.min(p,c[2]),d=Math.min(d,c[3]),!(p<f||d<h)){o.bind();var m=s[2]-s[0],g=s[3]-s[1];if(this.outerFill&&(o.drawBox(0,0,m,h,i),o.drawBox(0,h,f,d,i),o.drawBox(0,d,m,g,i),o.drawBox(p,h,m,d,i)),this.innerFill&&o.drawBox(f,h,p,d,n),r>0){var v=r*u;o.drawBox(f-v,h-v,p+v,h+v,a),o.drawBox(f-v,d-v,p+v,d+v,a),o.drawBox(f-v,h-v,f+v,d+v,a),o.drawBox(p-v,h-v,p+v,d+v,a)}}}},s.update=function(t){t=t||{},this.innerFill=!!t.innerFill,this.outerFill=!!t.outerFill,this.innerColor=(t.innerColor||[0,0,0,.5]).slice(),this.outerColor=(t.outerColor||[0,0,0,.5]).slice(),this.borderColor=(t.borderColor||[0,0,0,1]).slice(),this.borderWidth=t.borderWidth||0,this.selectBox=(t.selectBox||this.selectBox).slice()},s.dispose=function(){this.boxBuffer.dispose(),this.boxShader.dispose(),this.plot.removeOverlay(this)}},{"./lib/shaders":129,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-shader":132}],131:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e){var r=e[0],a=e[1],o=n(t,r,a,{}),s=i.mallocUint8(r*a*4);return new l(t,o,s)};var n=t("gl-fbo"),i=t("typedarray-pool"),a=t("ndarray"),o=t("bit-twiddle").nextPow2;function s(t,e,r,n,i){this.coord=[t,e],this.id=r,this.value=n,this.distance=i}function l(t,e,r){this.gl=t,this.fbo=e,this.buffer=r,this._readTimeout=null;var n=this;this._readCallback=function(){n.gl&&(e.bind(),t.readPixels(0,0,e.shape[0],e.shape[1],t.RGBA,t.UNSIGNED_BYTE,n.buffer),n._readTimeout=null)}}var c=l.prototype;Object.defineProperty(c,"shape",{get:function(){return this.gl?this.fbo.shape.slice():[0,0]},set:function(t){if(this.gl){this.fbo.shape=t;var e=this.fbo.shape[0],r=this.fbo.shape[1];if(r*e*4>this.buffer.length){i.free(this.buffer);for(var n=this.buffer=i.mallocUint8(o(r*e*4)),a=0;a<r*e*4;++a)n[a]=255}return t}}}),c.begin=function(){var t=this.gl;this.shape;t&&(this.fbo.bind(),t.clearColor(1,1,1,1),t.clear(t.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|t.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT))},c.end=function(){var t=this.gl;t&&(t.bindFramebuffer(t.FRAMEBUFFER,null),this._readTimeout||clearTimeout(this._readTimeout),this._readTimeout=setTimeout(this._readCallback,1))},c.query=function(t,e,r){if(!this.gl)return null;var n=this.fbo.shape.slice();t|=0,e|=0,"number"!=typeof r&&(r=1);var i=0|Math.min(Math.max(t-r,0),n[0]),o=0|Math.min(Math.max(t+r,0),n[0]),l=0|Math.min(Math.max(e-r,0),n[1]),c=0|Math.min(Math.max(e+r,0),n[1]);if(o<=i||c<=l)return null;var u=[o-i,c-l],f=a(this.buffer,[u[0],u[1],4],[4,4*n[0],1],4*(i+n[0]*l)),h=function(t,e,r){for(var n=1e8,i=-1,a=-1,o=t.shape[0],s=t.shape[1],l=0;l<o;l++)for(var c=0;c<s;c++){var u=t.get(l,c,0),f=t.get(l,c,1),h=t.get(l,c,2),p=t.get(l,c,3);if(u<255||f<255||h<255||p<255){var d=e-l,m=r-c,g=d*d+m*m;g<n&&(n=g,i=l,a=c)}}return[i,a,n]}(f.hi(u[0],u[1],1),r,r),p=h[0],d=h[1];return p<0||Math.pow(this.radius,2)<h[2]?null:new s(p+i|0,d+l|0,f.get(p,d,0),[f.get(p,d,1),f.get(p,d,2),f.get(p,d,3)],Math.sqrt(h[2]))},c.dispose=function(){this.gl&&(this.fbo.dispose(),i.free(this.buffer),this.gl=null,this._readTimeout&&clearTimeout(this._readTimeout))}},{"bit-twiddle":32,"gl-fbo":86,ndarray:259,"typedarray-pool":308}],132:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("./lib/create-uniforms"),i=t("./lib/create-attributes"),a=t("./lib/reflect"),o=t("./lib/shader-cache"),s=t("./lib/runtime-reflect"),l=t("./lib/GLError");function c(t){this.gl=t,this.gl.lastAttribCount=0,this._vref=this._fref=this._relink=this.vertShader=this.fragShader=this.program=this.attributes=this.uniforms=this.types=null}var u=c.prototype;function f(t,e){return t.name<e.name?-1:1}u.bind=function(){var t;this.program||this._relink();var e=this.gl.getProgramParameter(this.program,this.gl.ACTIVE_ATTRIBUTES),r=this.gl.lastAttribCount;if(e>r)for(t=r;t<e;t++)this.gl.enableVertexAttribArray(t);else if(r>e)for(t=e;t<r;t++)this.gl.disableVertexAttribArray(t);this.gl.lastAttribCount=e,this.gl.useProgram(this.program)},u.dispose=function(){for(var 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w=c[y];if(w.type.indexOf("mat")>=0){for(var T=0|w.type.charAt(w.type.length-1),k=new Array(T),A=0;A<T;++A)k[A]=_.length,b.push(w.name+"["+A+"]"),"number"==typeof w.location?_.push(w.location+A):Array.isArray(w.location)&&w.location.length===T&&"number"==typeof w.location[A]?_.push(0|w.location[A]):_.push(-1);x.push({name:w.name,type:w.type,locations:k})}else x.push({name:w.name,type:w.type,locations:[_.length]}),b.push(w.name),"number"==typeof w.location?_.push(0|w.location):_.push(-1)}var M=0;for(y=0;y<_.length;++y)if(_[y]<0){for(;_.indexOf(M)>=0;)M+=1;_[y]=M}var S=new Array(r.length);function E(){h.program=o.program(p,h._vref,h._fref,b,_);for(var t=0;t<r.length;++t)S[t]=p.getUniformLocation(h.program,r[t].name)}E(),h._relink=E,h.types={uniforms:a(r),attributes:a(c)},h.attributes=i(p,h,x,_),Object.defineProperty(h,"uniforms",n(p,h,r,S))},e.exports=function(t,e,r,n,i){var a=new c(t);return 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t&&(this.colors=t.colors),"enabled"in t&&(this.enabled=t.enabled),"drawSides"in t&&(this.drawSides=t.drawSides))},l.dispose=function(){this.vao.dispose(),this.buffer.dispose(),this.shader.dispose()}},{"./shaders/index":140,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-vao":150}],142:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("glslify"),i=n(["precision highp float;\n\nprecision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nvec3 getOrthogonalVector(vec3 v) {\n // Return up-vector for only-z vector.\n // Return ax + by + cz = 0, a point that lies on the plane that has v as a normal and that isn't (0,0,0).\n // From the above if-statement we have ||a|| > 0 U ||b|| > 0.\n // Assign z = 0, x = -b, y = a:\n // a*-b + b*a + c*0 = -ba + ba + 0 = 0\n if (v.x*v.x > v.z*v.z || v.y*v.y > v.z*v.z) {\n return normalize(vec3(-v.y, v.x, 0.0));\n } else {\n return normalize(vec3(0.0, v.z, -v.y));\n }\n}\n\n// Calculate the tube vertex and normal at the given index.\n//\n// The returned vertex is for a tube ring with its center at origin, radius of length(d), pointing in the direction of d.\n//\n// Each tube segment is made up of a ring of vertices.\n// These vertices are used to make up the triangles of the tube by connecting them together in the vertex array.\n// The indexes of tube segments run from 0 to 8.\n//\nvec3 getTubePosition(vec3 d, float index, out vec3 normal) {\n float segmentCount = 8.0;\n\n float angle = 2.0 * 3.14159 * (index / segmentCount);\n\n vec3 u = getOrthogonalVector(d);\n vec3 v = normalize(cross(u, d));\n\n vec3 x = u * cos(angle) * length(d);\n vec3 y = v * sin(angle) * length(d);\n vec3 v3 = x + y;\n\n normal = normalize(v3);\n\n return v3;\n}\n\nattribute vec4 vector;\nattribute vec4 color, position;\nattribute vec2 uv;\n\nuniform float vectorScale, tubeScale;\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection, inverseModel;\nuniform vec3 eyePosition, lightPosition;\n\nvarying vec3 f_normal, f_lightDirection, f_eyeDirection, f_data, f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_color;\nvarying vec2 f_uv;\n\nvoid main() {\n // Scale the vector magnitude to stay constant with\n // model & view changes.\n vec3 normal;\n vec3 XYZ = getTubePosition(mat3(model) * (tubeScale * vector.w * normalize(vector.xyz)), position.w, normal);\n vec4 tubePosition = model * vec4(position.xyz, 1.0) + vec4(XYZ, 0.0);\n\n //Lighting geometry parameters\n vec4 cameraCoordinate = view * tubePosition;\n cameraCoordinate.xyz /= cameraCoordinate.w;\n f_lightDirection = lightPosition - cameraCoordinate.xyz;\n f_eyeDirection = eyePosition - cameraCoordinate.xyz;\n f_normal = normalize((vec4(normal, 0.0) * inverseModel).xyz);\n\n // vec4 m_position = model * vec4(tubePosition, 1.0);\n vec4 t_position = view * tubePosition;\n gl_Position = projection * t_position;\n\n f_color = color;\n f_data = tubePosition.xyz;\n f_position = position.xyz;\n f_uv = uv;\n}\n"]),a=n(["#extension GL_OES_standard_derivatives : enable\n\nprecision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nfloat beckmannDistribution(float x, float roughness) {\n float NdotH = max(x, 0.0001);\n float cos2Alpha = NdotH * NdotH;\n float tan2Alpha = (cos2Alpha - 1.0) / cos2Alpha;\n float roughness2 = roughness * roughness;\n float denom = 3.141592653589793 * roughness2 * cos2Alpha * cos2Alpha;\n return exp(tan2Alpha / roughness2) / denom;\n}\n\nfloat cookTorranceSpecular(\n vec3 lightDirection,\n vec3 viewDirection,\n vec3 surfaceNormal,\n float roughness,\n float fresnel) {\n\n float VdotN = max(dot(viewDirection, surfaceNormal), 0.0);\n float LdotN = max(dot(lightDirection, surfaceNormal), 0.0);\n\n //Half angle vector\n vec3 H = normalize(lightDirection + viewDirection);\n\n //Geometric term\n float NdotH = max(dot(surfaceNormal, H), 0.0);\n float VdotH = max(dot(viewDirection, H), 0.000001);\n float LdotH = max(dot(lightDirection, H), 0.000001);\n float G1 = (2.0 * NdotH * VdotN) / VdotH;\n float G2 = (2.0 * NdotH * LdotN) / LdotH;\n float G = min(1.0, min(G1, G2));\n \n //Distribution term\n float D = beckmannDistribution(NdotH, roughness);\n\n //Fresnel term\n float F = pow(1.0 - VdotN, fresnel);\n\n //Multiply terms and done\n return G * F * D / max(3.14159265 * VdotN, 0.000001);\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float roughness, fresnel, kambient, kdiffuse, kspecular, opacity;\nuniform sampler2D texture;\n\nvarying vec3 f_normal, f_lightDirection, f_eyeDirection, f_data, f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_color;\nvarying vec2 f_uv;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], f_position)) discard;\n vec3 N = normalize(f_normal);\n vec3 L = normalize(f_lightDirection);\n vec3 V = normalize(f_eyeDirection);\n\n if(gl_FrontFacing) {\n N = -N;\n }\n\n float specular = min(1.0, max(0.0, cookTorranceSpecular(L, V, N, roughness, fresnel)));\n float diffuse = min(kambient + kdiffuse * max(dot(N, L), 0.0), 1.0);\n\n vec4 surfaceColor = f_color * texture2D(texture, f_uv);\n vec4 litColor = surfaceColor.a * vec4(diffuse * surfaceColor.rgb + kspecular * vec3(1,1,1) * specular, 1.0);\n\n gl_FragColor = litColor * opacity;\n}\n"]),o=n(["precision highp float;\n\nprecision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nvec3 getOrthogonalVector(vec3 v) {\n // Return up-vector for only-z vector.\n // Return ax + by + cz = 0, a point that lies on the plane that has v as a normal and that isn't (0,0,0).\n // From the above if-statement we have ||a|| > 0 U ||b|| > 0.\n // Assign z = 0, x = -b, y = a:\n // a*-b + b*a + c*0 = -ba + ba + 0 = 0\n if (v.x*v.x > v.z*v.z || v.y*v.y > v.z*v.z) {\n return normalize(vec3(-v.y, v.x, 0.0));\n } else {\n return normalize(vec3(0.0, v.z, -v.y));\n }\n}\n\n// Calculate the tube vertex and normal at the given index.\n//\n// The returned vertex is for a tube ring with its center at origin, radius of length(d), pointing in the direction of d.\n//\n// Each tube segment is made up of a ring of vertices.\n// These vertices are used to make up the triangles of the tube by connecting them together in the vertex array.\n// The indexes of tube segments run from 0 to 8.\n//\nvec3 getTubePosition(vec3 d, float index, out vec3 normal) {\n float segmentCount = 8.0;\n\n float angle = 2.0 * 3.14159 * (index / segmentCount);\n\n vec3 u = getOrthogonalVector(d);\n vec3 v = normalize(cross(u, d));\n\n vec3 x = u * cos(angle) * length(d);\n vec3 y = v * sin(angle) * length(d);\n vec3 v3 = x + y;\n\n normal = normalize(v3);\n\n return v3;\n}\n\nattribute vec4 vector;\nattribute vec4 position;\nattribute vec4 id;\n\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\nuniform float tubeScale;\n\nvarying vec3 f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_id;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec3 normal;\n vec3 XYZ = getTubePosition(mat3(model) * (tubeScale * vector.w * normalize(vector.xyz)), position.w, normal);\n vec4 tubePosition = model * vec4(position.xyz, 1.0) + vec4(XYZ, 0.0);\n\n gl_Position = projection * view * tubePosition;\n f_id = id;\n f_position = position.xyz;\n}\n"]),s=n(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float pickId;\n\nvarying vec3 f_position;\nvarying vec4 f_id;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], f_position)) discard;\n\n gl_FragColor = vec4(pickId, f_id.xyz);\n}"]);r.meshShader={vertex:i,fragment:a,attributes:[{name:"position",type:"vec4"},{name:"color",type:"vec4"},{name:"uv",type:"vec2"},{name:"vector",type:"vec4"}]},r.pickShader={vertex:o,fragment:s,attributes:[{name:"position",type:"vec4"},{name:"id",type:"vec4"},{name:"vector",type:"vec4"}]}},{glslify:231}],143:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("gl-vec3"),i=t("gl-vec4"),a=["xyz","xzy","yxz","yzx","zxy","zyx"],o=function(t,e,r,a){for(var o=0,s=0;s<t.length;s++)for(var l=t[s].velocities,c=0;c<l.length;c++)o=Math.max(o,n.length(l[c]));var u=t.map((function(t){return function(t,e,r,a){for(var o=t.points,s=t.velocities,l=t.divergences,c=[],u=[],f=[],h=[],p=[],d=[],m=0,g=0,v=i.create(),y=i.create(),x=0;x<o.length;x++){var b=o[x],_=s[x],w=l[x];0===e&&(w=.05*r),g=n.length(_)/a,v=i.create(),n.copy(v,_),v[3]=w;for(var T=0;T<8;T++)p[T]=[b[0],b[1],b[2],T];if(h.length>0)for(T=0;T<8;T++){var k=(T+1)%8;c.push(h[T],p[T],p[k],p[k],h[k],h[T]),f.push(y,v,v,v,y,y),d.push(m,g,g,g,m,m);var A=c.length;u.push([A-6,A-5,A-4],[A-3,A-2,A-1])}var M=h;h=p,p=M;var S=y;y=v,v=S;var E=m;m=g,g=E}return{positions:c,cells:u,vectors:f,vertexIntensity:d}}(t,r,a,o)})),f=[],h=[],p=[],d=[];for(s=0;s<u.length;s++){var m=u[s],g=f.length;f=f.concat(m.positions),p=p.concat(m.vectors),d=d.concat(m.vertexIntensity);for(c=0;c<m.cells.length;c++){var v=m.cells[c],y=[];h.push(y);for(var x=0;x<v.length;x++)y.push(v[x]+g)}}return{positions:f,cells:h,vectors:p,vertexIntensity:d,colormap:e}},s=function(t,e){var r,n=t.length;for(r=0;r<n;r++){var i=t[r];if(i===e)return r;if(i>e)return r-1}return r},l=function(t,e,r){return t<e?e:t>r?r:t},c=function(t){var e=1/0;t.sort((function(t,e){return t-e}));for(var r=t.length,n=1;n<r;n++){var i=Math.abs(t[n]-t[n-1]);i<e&&(e=i)}return e};e.exports=function(t,e){var r=t.startingPositions,i=t.maxLength||1e3,u=t.tubeSize||1,f=t.absoluteTubeSize,h=t.gridFill||"+x+y+z",p={};-1!==h.indexOf("-x")&&(p.reversedX=!0),-1!==h.indexOf("-y")&&(p.reversedY=!0),-1!==h.indexOf("-z")&&(p.reversedZ=!0),p.filled=a.indexOf(h.replace(/-/g,"").replace(/\+/g,""));var d=t.getVelocity||function(e){return function(t,e,r){var i=e.vectors,a=e.meshgrid,o=t[0],c=t[1],u=t[2],f=a[0].length,h=a[1].length,p=a[2].length,d=s(a[0],o),m=s(a[1],c),g=s(a[2],u),v=d+1,y=m+1,x=g+1;if(d=l(d,0,f-1),v=l(v,0,f-1),m=l(m,0,h-1),y=l(y,0,h-1),g=l(g,0,p-1),x=l(x,0,p-1),d<0||m<0||g<0||v>f-1||y>h-1||x>p-1)return n.create();var b,_,w,T,k,A,M=a[0][d],S=a[0][v],E=a[1][m],L=a[1][y],C=a[2][g],P=(o-M)/(S-M),I=(c-E)/(L-E),O=(u-C)/(a[2][x]-C);switch(isFinite(P)||(P=.5),isFinite(I)||(I=.5),isFinite(O)||(O=.5),r.reversedX&&(d=f-1-d,v=f-1-v),r.reversedY&&(m=h-1-m,y=h-1-y),r.reversedZ&&(g=p-1-g,x=p-1-x),r.filled){case 5:k=g,A=x,w=m*p,T=y*p,b=d*p*h,_=v*p*h;break;case 4:k=g,A=x,b=d*p,_=v*p,w=m*p*f,T=y*p*f;break;case 3:w=m,T=y,k=g*h,A=x*h,b=d*h*p,_=v*h*p;break;case 2:w=m,T=y,b=d*h,_=v*h,k=g*h*f,A=x*h*f;break;case 1:b=d,_=v,k=g*f,A=x*f,w=m*f*p,T=y*f*p;break;default:b=d,_=v,w=m*f,T=y*f,k=g*f*h,A=x*f*h}var z=i[b+w+k],D=i[b+w+A],R=i[b+T+k],F=i[b+T+A],B=i[_+w+k],N=i[_+w+A],j=i[_+T+k],U=i[_+T+A],V=n.create(),H=n.create(),q=n.create(),G=n.create();n.lerp(V,z,B,P),n.lerp(H,D,N,P),n.lerp(q,R,j,P),n.lerp(G,F,U,P);var Y=n.create(),W=n.create();n.lerp(Y,V,q,I),n.lerp(W,H,G,I);var Z=n.create();return n.lerp(Z,Y,W,O),Z}(e,t,p)},m=t.getDivergence||function(t,e){var r=n.create(),i=1e-4;n.add(r,t,[i,0,0]);var a=d(r);n.subtract(a,a,e),n.scale(a,a,1/i),n.add(r,t,[0,i,0]);var o=d(r);n.subtract(o,o,e),n.scale(o,o,1/i),n.add(r,t,[0,0,i]);var s=d(r);return n.subtract(s,s,e),n.scale(s,s,1/i),n.add(r,a,o),n.add(r,r,s),r},g=[],v=e[0][0],y=e[0][1],x=e[0][2],b=e[1][0],_=e[1][1],w=e[1][2],T=function(t){var e=t[0],r=t[1],n=t[2];return!(e<v||e>b||r<y||r>_||n<x||n>w)},k=10*n.distance(e[0],e[1])/i,A=k*k,M=1,S=0,E=r.length;E>1&&(M=function(t){for(var e=[],r=[],n=[],i={},a={},o={},s=t.length,l=0;l<s;l++){var u=t[l],f=u[0],h=u[1],p=u[2];i[f]||(e.push(f),i[f]=!0),a[h]||(r.push(h),a[h]=!0),o[p]||(n.push(p),o[p]=!0)}var d=c(e),m=c(r),g=c(n),v=Math.min(d,m,g);return isFinite(v)?v:1}(r));for(var L=0;L<E;L++){var C=n.create();n.copy(C,r[L]);var P=[C],I=[],O=d(C),z=C;I.push(O);var D=[],R=m(C,O),F=n.length(R);isFinite(F)&&F>S&&(S=F),D.push(F),g.push({points:P,velocities:I,divergences:D});for(var B=0;B<100*i&&P.length<i&&T(C);){B++;var N=n.clone(O),j=n.squaredLength(N);if(0===j)break;if(j>A&&n.scale(N,N,k/Math.sqrt(j)),n.add(N,N,C),O=d(N),n.squaredDistance(z,N)-A>-1e-4*A){P.push(N),z=N,I.push(O);R=m(N,O),F=n.length(R);isFinite(F)&&F>S&&(S=F),D.push(F)}C=N}}var U=o(g,t.colormap,S,M);return f?U.tubeScale=f:(0===S&&(S=1),U.tubeScale=.5*u*M/S),U};var u=t("./lib/shaders"),f=t("gl-cone3d").createMesh;e.exports.createTubeMesh=function(t,e){return f(t,e,{shaders:u,traceType:"streamtube"})}},{"./lib/shaders":142,"gl-cone3d":79,"gl-vec3":169,"gl-vec4":205}],144:[function(t,e,r){var n=t("gl-shader"),i=t("glslify"),a=i(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec4 uv;\nattribute vec3 f;\nattribute vec3 normal;\n\nuniform vec3 objectOffset;\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection, inverseModel;\nuniform vec3 lightPosition, eyePosition;\nuniform sampler2D colormap;\n\nvarying float value, kill;\nvarying vec3 worldCoordinate;\nvarying vec2 planeCoordinate;\nvarying vec3 lightDirection, eyeDirection, surfaceNormal;\nvarying vec4 vColor;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec3 localCoordinate = vec3(uv.zw, f.x);\n worldCoordinate = objectOffset + localCoordinate;\n vec4 worldPosition = model * vec4(worldCoordinate, 1.0);\n vec4 clipPosition = projection * view * worldPosition;\n gl_Position = clipPosition;\n kill = f.y;\n value = f.z;\n planeCoordinate = uv.xy;\n\n vColor = texture2D(colormap, vec2(value, value));\n\n //Lighting geometry parameters\n vec4 cameraCoordinate = view * worldPosition;\n cameraCoordinate.xyz /= cameraCoordinate.w;\n lightDirection = lightPosition - cameraCoordinate.xyz;\n eyeDirection = eyePosition - cameraCoordinate.xyz;\n surfaceNormal = normalize((vec4(normal,0) * inverseModel).xyz);\n}\n"]),o=i(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nfloat beckmannDistribution(float x, float roughness) {\n float NdotH = max(x, 0.0001);\n float cos2Alpha = NdotH * NdotH;\n float tan2Alpha = (cos2Alpha - 1.0) / cos2Alpha;\n float roughness2 = roughness * roughness;\n float denom = 3.141592653589793 * roughness2 * cos2Alpha * cos2Alpha;\n return exp(tan2Alpha / roughness2) / denom;\n}\n\nfloat beckmannSpecular(\n vec3 lightDirection,\n vec3 viewDirection,\n vec3 surfaceNormal,\n float roughness) {\n return beckmannDistribution(dot(surfaceNormal, normalize(lightDirection + viewDirection)), roughness);\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec3 lowerBound, upperBound;\nuniform float contourTint;\nuniform vec4 contourColor;\nuniform sampler2D colormap;\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float roughness, fresnel, kambient, kdiffuse, kspecular, opacity;\nuniform float vertexColor;\n\nvarying float value, kill;\nvarying vec3 worldCoordinate;\nvarying vec3 lightDirection, eyeDirection, surfaceNormal;\nvarying vec4 vColor;\n\nvoid main() {\n if (\n kill > 0.0 ||\n vColor.a == 0.0 ||\n outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], worldCoordinate)\n ) discard;\n\n vec3 N = normalize(surfaceNormal);\n vec3 V = normalize(eyeDirection);\n vec3 L = normalize(lightDirection);\n\n if(gl_FrontFacing) {\n N = -N;\n }\n\n float specular = max(beckmannSpecular(L, V, N, roughness), 0.);\n float diffuse = min(kambient + kdiffuse * max(dot(N, L), 0.0), 1.0);\n\n //decide how to interpolate color \u2014 in vertex or in fragment\n vec4 surfaceColor =\n step(vertexColor, .5) * texture2D(colormap, vec2(value, value)) +\n step(.5, vertexColor) * vColor;\n\n vec4 litColor = surfaceColor.a * vec4(diffuse * surfaceColor.rgb + kspecular * vec3(1,1,1) * specular, 1.0);\n\n gl_FragColor = mix(litColor, contourColor, contourTint) * opacity;\n}\n"]),s=i(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nattribute vec4 uv;\nattribute float f;\n\nuniform vec3 objectOffset;\nuniform mat3 permutation;\nuniform mat4 model, view, projection;\nuniform float height, zOffset;\nuniform sampler2D colormap;\n\nvarying float value, kill;\nvarying vec3 worldCoordinate;\nvarying vec2 planeCoordinate;\nvarying vec3 lightDirection, eyeDirection, surfaceNormal;\nvarying vec4 vColor;\n\nvoid main() {\n vec3 dataCoordinate = permutation * vec3(uv.xy, height);\n worldCoordinate = objectOffset + dataCoordinate;\n vec4 worldPosition = model * vec4(worldCoordinate, 1.0);\n\n vec4 clipPosition = projection * view * worldPosition;\n clipPosition.z += zOffset;\n\n gl_Position = clipPosition;\n value = f + objectOffset.z;\n kill = -1.0;\n planeCoordinate = uv.zw;\n\n vColor = texture2D(colormap, vec2(value, value));\n\n //Don't do lighting for contours\n surfaceNormal = vec3(1,0,0);\n eyeDirection = vec3(0,1,0);\n lightDirection = vec3(0,0,1);\n}\n"]),l=i(["precision highp float;\n#define GLSLIFY 1\n\nbool outOfRange(float a, float b, float p) {\n return ((p > max(a, b)) || \n (p < min(a, b)));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec2 a, vec2 b, vec2 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec3 a, vec3 b, vec3 p) {\n return (outOfRange(a.x, b.x, p.x) ||\n outOfRange(a.y, b.y, p.y) ||\n outOfRange(a.z, b.z, p.z));\n}\n\nbool outOfRange(vec4 a, vec4 b, vec4 p) {\n return outOfRange(a.xyz, b.xyz, p.xyz);\n}\n\nuniform vec2 shape;\nuniform vec3 clipBounds[2];\nuniform float pickId;\n\nvarying float value, kill;\nvarying vec3 worldCoordinate;\nvarying vec2 planeCoordinate;\nvarying vec3 surfaceNormal;\n\nvec2 splitFloat(float v) {\n float vh = 255.0 * v;\n float upper = floor(vh);\n float lower = fract(vh);\n return vec2(upper / 255.0, floor(lower * 16.0) / 16.0);\n}\n\nvoid main() {\n if ((kill > 0.0) ||\n (outOfRange(clipBounds[0], clipBounds[1], worldCoordinate))) discard;\n\n vec2 ux = splitFloat(planeCoordinate.x / shape.x);\n vec2 uy = splitFloat(planeCoordinate.y / shape.y);\n gl_FragColor = vec4(pickId, ux.x, uy.x, ux.y + (uy.y/16.0));\n}\n"]);r.createShader=function(t){var e=n(t,a,o,null,[{name:"uv",type:"vec4"},{name:"f",type:"vec3"},{name:"normal",type:"vec3"}]);return e.attributes.uv.location=0,e.attributes.f.location=1,e.attributes.normal.location=2,e},r.createPickShader=function(t){var e=n(t,a,l,null,[{name:"uv",type:"vec4"},{name:"f",type:"vec3"},{name:"normal",type:"vec3"}]);return e.attributes.uv.location=0,e.attributes.f.location=1,e.attributes.normal.location=2,e},r.createContourShader=function(t){var e=n(t,s,o,null,[{name:"uv",type:"vec4"},{name:"f",type:"float"}]);return e.attributes.uv.location=0,e.attributes.f.location=1,e},r.createPickContourShader=function(t){var e=n(t,s,l,null,[{name:"uv",type:"vec4"},{name:"f",type:"float"}]);return e.attributes.uv.location=0,e.attributes.f.location=1,e}},{"gl-shader":132,glslify:231}],145:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){var e=t.gl,r=y(e),n=b(e),s=x(e),l=_(e),c=i(e),u=a(e,[{buffer:c,size:4,stride:40,offset:0},{buffer:c,size:3,stride:40,offset:16},{buffer:c,size:3,stride:40,offset:28}]),f=i(e),h=a(e,[{buffer:f,size:4,stride:20,offset:0},{buffer:f,size:1,stride:20,offset:16}]),p=i(e),d=a(e,[{buffer:p,size:2,type:e.FLOAT}]),m=o(e,1,256,e.RGBA,e.UNSIGNED_BYTE);m.minFilter=e.LINEAR,m.magFilter=e.LINEAR;var g=new M(e,[0,0],[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]],r,n,c,u,m,s,l,f,h,p,d,[0,0,0]),v={levels:[[],[],[]]};for(var w in t)v[w]=t[w];return v.colormap=v.colormap||"jet",g.update(v),g};var n=t("bit-twiddle"),i=t("gl-buffer"),a=t("gl-vao"),o=t("gl-texture2d"),s=t("typedarray-pool"),l=t("colormap"),c=t("ndarray-ops"),u=t("ndarray-pack"),f=t("ndarray"),h=t("surface-nets"),p=t("gl-mat4/multiply"),d=t("gl-mat4/invert"),m=t("binary-search-bounds"),g=t("ndarray-gradient"),v=t("./lib/shaders"),y=v.createShader,x=v.createContourShader,b=v.createPickShader,_=v.createPickContourShader,w=[1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1],T=[[0,0],[0,1],[1,0],[1,1],[1,0],[0,1]],k=[[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]];function A(t,e,r,n,i){this.position=t,this.index=e,this.uv=r,this.level=n,this.dataCoordinate=i}!function(){for(var t=0;t<3;++t){var e=k[t],r=(t+2)%3;e[(t+1)%3+0]=1,e[r+3]=1,e[t+6]=1}}();function M(t,e,r,n,i,a,o,l,c,u,h,p,d,m,g){this.gl=t,this.shape=e,this.bounds=r,this.objectOffset=g,this.intensityBounds=[],this._shader=n,this._pickShader=i,this._coordinateBuffer=a,this._vao=o,this._colorMap=l,this._contourShader=c,this._contourPickShader=u,this._contourBuffer=h,this._contourVAO=p,this._contourOffsets=[[],[],[]],this._contourCounts=[[],[],[]],this._vertexCount=0,this._pickResult=new A([0,0,0],[0,0],[0,0],[0,0,0],[0,0,0]),this._dynamicBuffer=d,this._dynamicVAO=m,this._dynamicOffsets=[0,0,0],this._dynamicCounts=[0,0,0],this.contourWidth=[1,1,1],this.contourLevels=[[1],[1],[1]],this.contourTint=[0,0,0],this.contourColor=[[.5,.5,.5,1],[.5,.5,.5,1],[.5,.5,.5,1]],this.showContour=!0,this.showSurface=!0,this.enableHighlight=[!0,!0,!0],this.highlightColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.highlightTint=[1,1,1],this.highlightLevel=[-1,-1,-1],this.enableDynamic=[!0,!0,!0],this.dynamicLevel=[NaN,NaN,NaN],this.dynamicColor=[[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,0,1]],this.dynamicTint=[1,1,1],this.dynamicWidth=[1,1,1],this.axesBounds=[[1/0,1/0,1/0],[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0]],this.surfaceProject=[!1,!1,!1],this.contourProject=[[!1,!1,!1],[!1,!1,!1],[!1,!1,!1]],this.colorBounds=[!1,!1],this._field=[f(s.mallocFloat(1024),[0,0]),f(s.mallocFloat(1024),[0,0]),f(s.mallocFloat(1024),[0,0])],this.pickId=1,this.clipBounds=[[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],[1/0,1/0,1/0]],this.snapToData=!1,this.pixelRatio=1,this.opacity=1,this.lightPosition=[10,1e4,0],this.ambientLight=.8,this.diffuseLight=.8,this.specularLight=2,this.roughness=.5,this.fresnel=1.5,this.vertexColor=0,this.dirty=!0}var S=M.prototype;S.genColormap=function(t,e){var r=!1,n=u([l({colormap:t,nshades:256,format:"rgba"}).map((function(t,n){var i=e?function(t,e){if(!e)return 1;if(!e.length)return 1;for(var r=0;r<e.length;++r){if(e.length<2)return 1;if(e[r][0]===t)return e[r][1];if(e[r][0]>t&&r>0){var n=(e[r][0]-t)/(e[r][0]-e[r-1][0]);return e[r][1]*(1-n)+n*e[r-1][1]}}return 1}(n/255,e):t[3];return i<1&&(r=!0),[t[0],t[1],t[2],255*i]}))]);return c.divseq(n,255),this.hasAlphaScale=r,n},S.isTransparent=function(){return this.opacity<1||this.hasAlphaScale},S.isOpaque=function(){return!this.isTransparent()},S.pickSlots=1,S.setPickBase=function(t){this.pickId=t};var E=[0,0,0],L={showSurface:!1,showContour:!1,projections:[w.slice(),w.slice(),w.slice()],clipBounds:[[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]],[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]],[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]]]};function C(t,e){var r,n,i,a=e.axes&&e.axes.lastCubeProps.axis||E,o=e.showSurface,s=e.showContour;for(r=0;r<3;++r)for(o=o||e.surfaceProject[r],n=0;n<3;++n)s=s||e.contourProject[r][n];for(r=0;r<3;++r){var l=L.projections[r];for(n=0;n<16;++n)l[n]=0;for(n=0;n<4;++n)l[5*n]=1;l[5*r]=0,l[12+r]=e.axesBounds[+(a[r]>0)][r],p(l,t.model,l);var c=L.clipBounds[r];for(i=0;i<2;++i)for(n=0;n<3;++n)c[i][n]=t.clipBounds[i][n];c[0][r]=-1e8,c[1][r]=1e8}return L.showSurface=o,L.showContour=s,L}var P={model:w,view:w,projection:w,inverseModel:w.slice(),lowerBound:[0,0,0],upperBound:[0,0,0],colorMap:0,clipBounds:[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]],height:0,contourTint:0,contourColor:[0,0,0,1],permutation:[1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1],zOffset:-1e-4,objectOffset:[0,0,0],kambient:1,kdiffuse:1,kspecular:1,lightPosition:[1e3,1e3,1e3],eyePosition:[0,0,0],roughness:1,fresnel:1,opacity:1,vertexColor:0},I=w.slice(),O=[1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1];function z(t,e){t=t||{};var r=this.gl;r.disable(r.CULL_FACE),this._colorMap.bind(0);var n=P;n.model=t.model||w,n.view=t.view||w,n.projection=t.projection||w,n.lowerBound=[this.bounds[0][0],this.bounds[0][1],this.colorBounds[0]||this.bounds[0][2]],n.upperBound=[this.bounds[1][0],this.bounds[1][1],this.colorBounds[1]||this.bounds[1][2]],n.objectOffset=this.objectOffset,n.contourColor=this.contourColor[0],n.inverseModel=d(n.inverseModel,n.model);for(var i=0;i<2;++i)for(var a=n.clipBounds[i],o=0;o<3;++o)a[o]=Math.min(Math.max(this.clipBounds[i][o],-1e8),1e8);n.kambient=this.ambientLight,n.kdiffuse=this.diffuseLight,n.kspecular=this.specularLight,n.roughness=this.roughness,n.fresnel=this.fresnel,n.opacity=this.opacity,n.height=0,n.permutation=O,n.vertexColor=this.vertexColor;var s=I;for(p(s,n.view,n.model),p(s,n.projection,s),d(s,s),i=0;i<3;++i)n.eyePosition[i]=s[12+i]/s[15];var l=s[15];for(i=0;i<3;++i)l+=this.lightPosition[i]*s[4*i+3];for(i=0;i<3;++i){var c=s[12+i];for(o=0;o<3;++o)c+=s[4*o+i]*this.lightPosition[o];n.lightPosition[i]=c/l}var u=C(n,this);if(u.showSurface){for(this._shader.bind(),this._shader.uniforms=n,this._vao.bind(),this.showSurface&&this._vertexCount&&this._vao.draw(r.TRIANGLES,this._vertexCount),i=0;i<3;++i)this.surfaceProject[i]&&this.vertexCount&&(this._shader.uniforms.model=u.projections[i],this._shader.uniforms.clipBounds=u.clipBounds[i],this._vao.draw(r.TRIANGLES,this._vertexCount));this._vao.unbind()}if(u.showContour){var f=this._contourShader;n.kambient=1,n.kdiffuse=0,n.kspecular=0,n.opacity=1,f.bind(),f.uniforms=n;var h=this._contourVAO;for(h.bind(),i=0;i<3;++i)for(f.uniforms.permutation=k[i],r.lineWidth(this.contourWidth[i]*this.pixelRatio),o=0;o<this.contourLevels[i].length;++o)o===this.highlightLevel[i]?(f.uniforms.contourColor=this.highlightColor[i],f.uniforms.contourTint=this.highlightTint[i]):0!==o&&o-1!==this.highlightLevel[i]||(f.uniforms.contourColor=this.contourColor[i],f.uniforms.contourTint=this.contourTint[i]),this._contourCounts[i][o]&&(f.uniforms.height=this.contourLevels[i][o],h.draw(r.LINES,this._contourCounts[i][o],this._contourOffsets[i][o]));for(i=0;i<3;++i)for(f.uniforms.model=u.projections[i],f.uniforms.clipBounds=u.clipBounds[i],o=0;o<3;++o)if(this.contourProject[i][o]){f.uniforms.permutation=k[o],r.lineWidth(this.contourWidth[o]*this.pixelRatio);for(var m=0;m<this.contourLevels[o].length;++m)m===this.highlightLevel[o]?(f.uniforms.contourColor=this.highlightColor[o],f.uniforms.contourTint=this.highlightTint[o]):0!==m&&m-1!==this.highlightLevel[o]||(f.uniforms.contourColor=this.contourColor[o],f.uniforms.contourTint=this.contourTint[o]),this._contourCounts[o][m]&&(f.uniforms.height=this.contourLevels[o][m],h.draw(r.LINES,this._contourCounts[o][m],this._contourOffsets[o][m]))}for(h.unbind(),(h=this._dynamicVAO).bind(),i=0;i<3;++i)if(0!==this._dynamicCounts[i])for(f.uniforms.model=n.model,f.uniforms.clipBounds=n.clipBounds,f.uniforms.permutation=k[i],r.lineWidth(this.dynamicWidth[i]*this.pixelRatio),f.uniforms.contourColor=this.dynamicColor[i],f.uniforms.contourTint=this.dynamicTint[i],f.uniforms.height=this.dynamicLevel[i],h.draw(r.LINES,this._dynamicCounts[i],this._dynamicOffsets[i]),o=0;o<3;++o)this.contourProject[o][i]&&(f.uniforms.model=u.projections[o],f.uniforms.clipBounds=u.clipBounds[o],h.draw(r.LINES,this._dynamicCounts[i],this._dynamicOffsets[i]));h.unbind()}}S.draw=function(t){return z.call(this,t,!1)},S.drawTransparent=function(t){return z.call(this,t,!0)};var D={model:w,view:w,projection:w,inverseModel:w,clipBounds:[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]],height:0,shape:[0,0],pickId:0,lowerBound:[0,0,0],upperBound:[0,0,0],zOffset:0,objectOffset:[0,0,0],permutation:[1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1],lightPosition:[0,0,0],eyePosition:[0,0,0]};function R(t,e){return Array.isArray(t)?[e(t[0]),e(t[1]),e(t[2])]:[e(t),e(t),e(t)]}function F(t){return Array.isArray(t)?3===t.length?[t[0],t[1],t[2],1]:[t[0],t[1],t[2],t[3]]:[0,0,0,1]}function B(t){if(Array.isArray(t)){if(Array.isArray(t))return[F(t[0]),F(t[1]),F(t[2])];var e=F(t);return[e.slice(),e.slice(),e.slice()]}}S.drawPick=function(t){t=t||{};var e=this.gl;e.disable(e.CULL_FACE);var r=D;r.model=t.model||w,r.view=t.view||w,r.projection=t.projection||w,r.shape=this._field[2].shape,r.pickId=this.pickId/255,r.lowerBound=this.bounds[0],r.upperBound=this.bounds[1],r.objectOffset=this.objectOffset,r.permutation=O;for(var n=0;n<2;++n)for(var i=r.clipBounds[n],a=0;a<3;++a)i[a]=Math.min(Math.max(this.clipBounds[n][a],-1e8),1e8);var o=C(r,this);if(o.showSurface){for(this._pickShader.bind(),this._pickShader.uniforms=r,this._vao.bind(),this._vao.draw(e.TRIANGLES,this._vertexCount),n=0;n<3;++n)this.surfaceProject[n]&&(this._pickShader.uniforms.model=o.projections[n],this._pickShader.uniforms.clipBounds=o.clipBounds[n],this._vao.draw(e.TRIANGLES,this._vertexCount));this._vao.unbind()}if(o.showContour){var s=this._contourPickShader;s.bind(),s.uniforms=r;var l=this._contourVAO;for(l.bind(),a=0;a<3;++a)for(e.lineWidth(this.contourWidth[a]*this.pixelRatio),s.uniforms.permutation=k[a],n=0;n<this.contourLevels[a].length;++n)this._contourCounts[a][n]&&(s.uniforms.height=this.contourLevels[a][n],l.draw(e.LINES,this._contourCounts[a][n],this._contourOffsets[a][n]));for(n=0;n<3;++n)for(s.uniforms.model=o.projections[n],s.uniforms.clipBounds=o.clipBounds[n],a=0;a<3;++a)if(this.contourProject[n][a]){s.uniforms.permutation=k[a],e.lineWidth(this.contourWidth[a]*this.pixelRatio);for(var c=0;c<this.contourLevels[a].length;++c)this._contourCounts[a][c]&&(s.uniforms.height=this.contourLevels[a][c],l.draw(e.LINES,this._contourCounts[a][c],this._contourOffsets[a][c]))}l.unbind()}},S.pick=function(t){if(!t)return null;if(t.id!==this.pickId)return null;var e=this._field[2].shape,r=this._pickResult,n=e[0]*(t.value[0]+(t.value[2]>>4)/16)/255,i=Math.floor(n),a=n-i,o=e[1]*(t.value[1]+(15&t.value[2])/16)/255,s=Math.floor(o),l=o-s;i+=1,s+=1;var c=r.position;c[0]=c[1]=c[2]=0;for(var u=0;u<2;++u)for(var f=u?a:1-a,h=0;h<2;++h)for(var p=i+u,d=s+h,g=f*(h?l:1-l),v=0;v<3;++v)c[v]+=this._field[v].get(p,d)*g;for(var y=this._pickResult.level,x=0;x<3;++x)if(y[x]=m.le(this.contourLevels[x],c[x]),y[x]<0)this.contourLevels[x].length>0&&(y[x]=0);else if(y[x]<this.contourLevels[x].length-1){var b=this.contourLevels[x][y[x]],_=this.contourLevels[x][y[x]+1];Math.abs(b-c[x])>Math.abs(_-c[x])&&(y[x]+=1)}for(r.index[0]=a<.5?i:i+1,r.index[1]=l<.5?s:s+1,r.uv[0]=n/e[0],r.uv[1]=o/e[1],v=0;v<3;++v)r.dataCoordinate[v]=this._field[v].get(r.index[0],r.index[1]);return r},S.padField=function(t,e){var r=e.shape.slice(),n=t.shape.slice();c.assign(t.lo(1,1).hi(r[0],r[1]),e),c.assign(t.lo(1).hi(r[0],1),e.hi(r[0],1)),c.assign(t.lo(1,n[1]-1).hi(r[0],1),e.lo(0,r[1]-1).hi(r[0],1)),c.assign(t.lo(0,1).hi(1,r[1]),e.hi(1)),c.assign(t.lo(n[0]-1,1).hi(1,r[1]),e.lo(r[0]-1)),t.set(0,0,e.get(0,0)),t.set(0,n[1]-1,e.get(0,r[1]-1)),t.set(n[0]-1,0,e.get(r[0]-1,0)),t.set(n[0]-1,n[1]-1,e.get(r[0]-1,r[1]-1))},S.update=function(t){t=t||{},this.objectOffset=t.objectOffset||this.objectOffset,this.dirty=!0,"contourWidth"in t&&(this.contourWidth=R(t.contourWidth,Number)),"showContour"in t&&(this.showContour=R(t.showContour,Boolean)),"showSurface"in t&&(this.showSurface=!!t.showSurface),"contourTint"in t&&(this.contourTint=R(t.contourTint,Boolean)),"contourColor"in t&&(this.contourColor=B(t.contourColor)),"contourProject"in t&&(this.contourProject=R(t.contourProject,(function(t){return R(t,Boolean)}))),"surfaceProject"in t&&(this.surfaceProject=t.surfaceProject),"dynamicColor"in t&&(this.dynamicColor=B(t.dynamicColor)),"dynamicTint"in t&&(this.dynamicTint=R(t.dynamicTint,Number)),"dynamicWidth"in t&&(this.dynamicWidth=R(t.dynamicWidth,Number)),"opacity"in t&&(this.opacity=t.opacity),"opacityscale"in t&&(this.opacityscale=t.opacityscale),"colorBounds"in t&&(this.colorBounds=t.colorBounds),"vertexColor"in t&&(this.vertexColor=t.vertexColor?1:0),"colormap"in t&&this._colorMap.setPixels(this.genColormap(t.colormap,this.opacityscale));var e=t.field||t.coords&&t.coords[2]||null,r=!1;if(e||(e=this._field[2].shape[0]||this._field[2].shape[2]?this._field[2].lo(1,1).hi(this._field[2].shape[0]-2,this._field[2].shape[1]-2):this._field[2].hi(0,0)),"field"in t||"coords"in t){var i=(e.shape[0]+2)*(e.shape[1]+2);i>this._field[2].data.length&&(s.freeFloat(this._field[2].data),this._field[2].data=s.mallocFloat(n.nextPow2(i))),this._field[2]=f(this._field[2].data,[e.shape[0]+2,e.shape[1]+2]),this.padField(this._field[2],e),this.shape=e.shape.slice();for(var a=this.shape,o=0;o<2;++o)this._field[2].size>this._field[o].data.length&&(s.freeFloat(this._field[o].data),this._field[o].data=s.mallocFloat(this._field[2].size)),this._field[o]=f(this._field[o].data,[a[0]+2,a[1]+2]);if(t.coords){var l=t.coords;if(!Array.isArray(l)||3!==l.length)throw new Error("gl-surface: invalid coordinates for x/y");for(o=0;o<2;++o){var c=l[o];for(v=0;v<2;++v)if(c.shape[v]!==a[v])throw new Error("gl-surface: coords have incorrect shape");this.padField(this._field[o],c)}}else if(t.ticks){var u=t.ticks;if(!Array.isArray(u)||2!==u.length)throw new Error("gl-surface: invalid ticks");for(o=0;o<2;++o){var p=u[o];if((Array.isArray(p)||p.length)&&(p=f(p)),p.shape[0]!==a[o])throw new Error("gl-surface: invalid tick length");var d=f(p.data,a);d.stride[o]=p.stride[0],d.stride[1^o]=0,this.padField(this._field[o],d)}}else{for(o=0;o<2;++o){var m=[0,0];m[o]=1,this._field[o]=f(this._field[o].data,[a[0]+2,a[1]+2],m,0)}this._field[0].set(0,0,0);for(var v=0;v<a[0];++v)this._field[0].set(v+1,0,v);for(this._field[0].set(a[0]+1,0,a[0]-1),this._field[1].set(0,0,0),v=0;v<a[1];++v)this._field[1].set(0,v+1,v);this._field[1].set(0,a[1]+1,a[1]-1)}var y=this._field,x=f(s.mallocFloat(3*y[2].size*2),[3,a[0]+2,a[1]+2,2]);for(o=0;o<3;++o)g(x.pick(o),y[o],"mirror");var b=f(s.mallocFloat(3*y[2].size),[a[0]+2,a[1]+2,3]);for(o=0;o<a[0]+2;++o)for(v=0;v<a[1]+2;++v){var _=x.get(0,o,v,0),w=x.get(0,o,v,1),k=x.get(1,o,v,0),A=x.get(1,o,v,1),M=x.get(2,o,v,0),S=x.get(2,o,v,1),E=k*S-A*M,L=M*w-S*_,C=_*A-w*k,P=Math.sqrt(E*E+L*L+C*C);P<1e-8?(P=Math.max(Math.abs(E),Math.abs(L),Math.abs(C)))<1e-8?(C=1,L=E=0,P=1):P=1/P:P=1/Math.sqrt(P),b.set(o,v,0,E*P),b.set(o,v,1,L*P),b.set(o,v,2,C*P)}s.free(x.data);var I=[1/0,1/0,1/0],O=[-1/0,-1/0,-1/0],z=1/0,D=-1/0,F=(a[0]-1)*(a[1]-1)*6,N=s.mallocFloat(n.nextPow2(10*F)),j=0,U=0;for(o=0;o<a[0]-1;++o)t:for(v=0;v<a[1]-1;++v){for(var V=0;V<2;++V)for(var H=0;H<2;++H)for(var q=0;q<3;++q){var G=this._field[q].get(1+o+V,1+v+H);if(isNaN(G)||!isFinite(G))continue t}for(q=0;q<6;++q){var Y=o+T[q][0],W=v+T[q][1],Z=this._field[0].get(Y+1,W+1),X=this._field[1].get(Y+1,W+1);G=this._field[2].get(Y+1,W+1),E=b.get(Y+1,W+1,0),L=b.get(Y+1,W+1,1),C=b.get(Y+1,W+1,2),t.intensity&&(J=t.intensity.get(Y,W));var J=t.intensity?t.intensity.get(Y,W):G+this.objectOffset[2];N[j++]=Y,N[j++]=W,N[j++]=Z,N[j++]=X,N[j++]=G,N[j++]=0,N[j++]=J,N[j++]=E,N[j++]=L,N[j++]=C,I[0]=Math.min(I[0],Z+this.objectOffset[0]),I[1]=Math.min(I[1],X+this.objectOffset[1]),I[2]=Math.min(I[2],G+this.objectOffset[2]),z=Math.min(z,J),O[0]=Math.max(O[0],Z+this.objectOffset[0]),O[1]=Math.max(O[1],X+this.objectOffset[1]),O[2]=Math.max(O[2],G+this.objectOffset[2]),D=Math.max(D,J),U+=1}}for(t.intensityBounds&&(z=+t.intensityBounds[0],D=+t.intensityBounds[1]),o=6;o<j;o+=10)N[o]=(N[o]-z)/(D-z);this._vertexCount=U,this._coordinateBuffer.update(N.subarray(0,j)),s.freeFloat(N),s.free(b.data),this.bounds=[I,O],this.intensity=t.intensity||this._field[2],this.intensityBounds[0]===z&&this.intensityBounds[1]===D||(r=!0),this.intensityBounds=[z,D]}if("levels"in t){var K=t.levels;for(K=Array.isArray(K[0])?K.slice():[[],[],K],o=0;o<3;++o)K[o]=K[o].slice(),K[o].sort((function(t,e){return t-e}));for(o=0;o<3;++o)for(v=0;v<K[o].length;++v)K[o][v]-=this.objectOffset[o];t:for(o=0;o<3;++o){if(K[o].length!==this.contourLevels[o].length){r=!0;break}for(v=0;v<K[o].length;++v)if(K[o][v]!==this.contourLevels[o][v]){r=!0;break t}}this.contourLevels=K}if(r){y=this._field,a=this.shape;for(var Q=[],$=0;$<3;++$){var tt=this.contourLevels[$],et=[],rt=[],nt=[0,0,0];for(o=0;o<tt.length;++o){var it=h(this._field[$],tt[o]);et.push(Q.length/5|0),U=0;t:for(v=0;v<it.cells.length;++v){var at=it.cells[v];for(q=0;q<2;++q){var ot=it.positions[at[q]],st=ot[0],lt=0|Math.floor(st),ct=st-lt,ut=ot[1],ft=0|Math.floor(ut),ht=ut-ft,pt=!1;e:for(var dt=0;dt<3;++dt){nt[dt]=0;var mt=($+dt+1)%3;for(V=0;V<2;++V){var gt=V?ct:1-ct;for(Y=0|Math.min(Math.max(lt+V,0),a[0]),H=0;H<2;++H){var vt=H?ht:1-ht;if(W=0|Math.min(Math.max(ft+H,0),a[1]),G=dt<2?this._field[mt].get(Y,W):(this.intensity.get(Y,W)-this.intensityBounds[0])/(this.intensityBounds[1]-this.intensityBounds[0]),!isFinite(G)||isNaN(G)){pt=!0;break e}var yt=gt*vt;nt[dt]+=yt*G}}}if(pt){if(q>0){for(var xt=0;xt<5;++xt)Q.pop();U-=1}continue t}Q.push(nt[0],nt[1],ot[0],ot[1],nt[2]),U+=1}}rt.push(U)}this._contourOffsets[$]=et,this._contourCounts[$]=rt}var bt=s.mallocFloat(Q.length);for(o=0;o<Q.length;++o)bt[o]=Q[o];this._contourBuffer.update(bt),s.freeFloat(bt)}},S.dispose=function(){this._shader.dispose(),this._vao.dispose(),this._coordinateBuffer.dispose(),this._colorMap.dispose(),this._contourBuffer.dispose(),this._contourVAO.dispose(),this._contourShader.dispose(),this._contourPickShader.dispose(),this._dynamicBuffer.dispose(),this._dynamicVAO.dispose();for(var t=0;t<3;++t)s.freeFloat(this._field[t].data)},S.highlight=function(t){var e,r;if(!t)return this._dynamicCounts=[0,0,0],this.dyanamicLevel=[NaN,NaN,NaN],void(this.highlightLevel=[-1,-1,-1]);for(e=0;e<3;++e)this.enableHighlight[e]?this.highlightLevel[e]=t.level[e]:this.highlightLevel[e]=-1;for(r=this.snapToData?t.dataCoordinate:t.position,e=0;e<3;++e)r[e]-=this.objectOffset[e];if(this.enableDynamic[0]&&r[0]!==this.dynamicLevel[0]||this.enableDynamic[1]&&r[1]!==this.dynamicLevel[1]||this.enableDynamic[2]&&r[2]!==this.dynamicLevel[2]){for(var n=0,i=this.shape,a=s.mallocFloat(12*i[0]*i[1]),o=0;o<3;++o)if(this.enableDynamic[o]){this.dynamicLevel[o]=r[o];var l=(o+1)%3,c=(o+2)%3,u=this._field[o],f=this._field[l],p=this._field[c],d=h(u,r[o]),m=d.cells,g=d.positions;for(this._dynamicOffsets[o]=n,e=0;e<m.length;++e)for(var v=m[e],y=0;y<2;++y){var x=g[v[y]],b=+x[0],_=0|b,w=0|Math.min(_+1,i[0]),T=b-_,k=1-T,A=+x[1],M=0|A,S=0|Math.min(M+1,i[1]),E=A-M,L=1-E,C=k*L,P=k*E,I=T*L,O=T*E,z=C*f.get(_,M)+P*f.get(_,S)+I*f.get(w,M)+O*f.get(w,S),D=C*p.get(_,M)+P*p.get(_,S)+I*p.get(w,M)+O*p.get(w,S);if(isNaN(z)||isNaN(D)){y&&(n-=1);break}a[2*n+0]=z,a[2*n+1]=D,n+=1}this._dynamicCounts[o]=n-this._dynamicOffsets[o]}else this.dynamicLevel[o]=NaN,this._dynamicCounts[o]=0;this._dynamicBuffer.update(a.subarray(0,2*n)),s.freeFloat(a)}}},{"./lib/shaders":144,"binary-search-bounds":31,"bit-twiddle":32,colormap:53,"gl-buffer":78,"gl-mat4/invert":98,"gl-mat4/multiply":100,"gl-texture2d":146,"gl-vao":150,ndarray:259,"ndarray-gradient":252,"ndarray-ops":254,"ndarray-pack":255,"surface-nets":302,"typedarray-pool":308}],146:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";var n=t("ndarray"),i=t("ndarray-ops"),a=t("typedarray-pool");e.exports=function(t){if(arguments.length<=1)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Missing arguments for texture2d constructor");o||c(t);if("number"==typeof arguments[1])return v(t,arguments[1],arguments[2],arguments[3]||t.RGBA,arguments[4]||t.UNSIGNED_BYTE);if(Array.isArray(arguments[1]))return v(t,0|arguments[1][0],0|arguments[1][1],arguments[2]||t.RGBA,arguments[3]||t.UNSIGNED_BYTE);if("object"==typeof arguments[1]){var e=arguments[1],r=u(e)?e:e.raw;if(r)return y(t,r,0|e.width,0|e.height,arguments[2]||t.RGBA,arguments[3]||t.UNSIGNED_BYTE);if(e.shape&&e.data&&e.stride)return x(t,e)}throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Invalid arguments for texture2d constructor")};var o=null,s=null,l=null;function c(t){o=[t.LINEAR,t.NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR,t.LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST,t.LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST],s=[t.NEAREST,t.LINEAR,t.NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST,t.NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR,t.LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST,t.LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR],l=[t.REPEAT,t.CLAMP_TO_EDGE,t.MIRRORED_REPEAT]}function u(t){return"undefined"!=typeof HTMLCanvasElement&&t instanceof HTMLCanvasElement||"undefined"!=typeof HTMLImageElement&&t instanceof HTMLImageElement||"undefined"!=typeof HTMLVideoElement&&t instanceof HTMLVideoElement||"undefined"!=typeof ImageData&&t instanceof ImageData}var f=function(t,e){i.muls(t,e,255)};function h(t,e,r){var n=t.gl,i=n.getParameter(n.MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE);if(e<0||e>i||r<0||r>i)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Invalid texture size");return t._shape=[e,r],t.bind(),n.texImage2D(n.TEXTURE_2D,0,t.format,e,r,0,t.format,t.type,null),t._mipLevels=[0],t}function p(t,e,r,n,i,a){this.gl=t,this.handle=e,this.format=i,this.type=a,this._shape=[r,n],this._mipLevels=[0],this._magFilter=t.NEAREST,this._minFilter=t.NEAREST,this._wrapS=t.CLAMP_TO_EDGE,this._wrapT=t.CLAMP_TO_EDGE,this._anisoSamples=1;var o=this,s=[this._wrapS,this._wrapT];Object.defineProperties(s,[{get:function(){return o._wrapS},set:function(t){return o.wrapS=t}},{get:function(){return o._wrapT},set:function(t){return o.wrapT=t}}]),this._wrapVector=s;var l=[this._shape[0],this._shape[1]];Object.defineProperties(l,[{get:function(){return o._shape[0]},set:function(t){return o.width=t}},{get:function(){return o._shape[1]},set:function(t){return o.height=t}}]),this._shapeVector=l}var d=p.prototype;function m(t,e){return 3===t.length?1===e[2]&&e[1]===t[0]*t[2]&&e[0]===t[2]:1===e[0]&&e[1]===t[0]}function g(t){var e=t.createTexture();return t.bindTexture(t.TEXTURE_2D,e),t.texParameteri(t.TEXTURE_2D,t.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,t.NEAREST),t.texParameteri(t.TEXTURE_2D,t.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,t.NEAREST),t.texParameteri(t.TEXTURE_2D,t.TEXTURE_WRAP_S,t.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),t.texParameteri(t.TEXTURE_2D,t.TEXTURE_WRAP_T,t.CLAMP_TO_EDGE),e}function v(t,e,r,n,i){var a=t.getParameter(t.MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE);if(e<0||e>a||r<0||r>a)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Invalid texture shape");if(i===t.FLOAT&&!t.getExtension("OES_texture_float"))throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Floating point textures not supported on this platform");var o=g(t);return t.texImage2D(t.TEXTURE_2D,0,n,e,r,0,n,i,null),new p(t,o,e,r,n,i)}function y(t,e,r,n,i,a){var o=g(t);return t.texImage2D(t.TEXTURE_2D,0,i,i,a,e),new p(t,o,r,n,i,a)}function x(t,e){var r=e.dtype,o=e.shape.slice(),s=t.getParameter(t.MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE);if(o[0]<0||o[0]>s||o[1]<0||o[1]>s)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Invalid texture size");var l=m(o,e.stride.slice()),c=0;"float32"===r?c=t.FLOAT:"float64"===r?(c=t.FLOAT,l=!1,r="float32"):"uint8"===r?c=t.UNSIGNED_BYTE:(c=t.UNSIGNED_BYTE,l=!1,r="uint8");var u,h,d=0;if(2===o.length)d=t.LUMINANCE,o=[o[0],o[1],1],e=n(e.data,o,[e.stride[0],e.stride[1],1],e.offset);else{if(3!==o.length)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Invalid shape for texture");if(1===o[2])d=t.ALPHA;else if(2===o[2])d=t.LUMINANCE_ALPHA;else if(3===o[2])d=t.RGB;else{if(4!==o[2])throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Invalid shape for pixel coords");d=t.RGBA}}c!==t.FLOAT||t.getExtension("OES_texture_float")||(c=t.UNSIGNED_BYTE,l=!1);var v=e.size;if(l)u=0===e.offset&&e.data.length===v?e.data:e.data.subarray(e.offset,e.offset+v);else{var y=[o[2],o[2]*o[0],1];h=a.malloc(v,r);var x=n(h,o,y,0);"float32"!==r&&"float64"!==r||c!==t.UNSIGNED_BYTE?i.assign(x,e):f(x,e),u=h.subarray(0,v)}var b=g(t);return t.texImage2D(t.TEXTURE_2D,0,d,o[0],o[1],0,d,c,u),l||a.free(h),new p(t,b,o[0],o[1],d,c)}Object.defineProperties(d,{minFilter:{get:function(){return this._minFilter},set:function(t){this.bind();var e=this.gl;if(this.type===e.FLOAT&&o.indexOf(t)>=0&&(e.getExtension("OES_texture_float_linear")||(t=e.NEAREST)),s.indexOf(t)<0)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Unknown filter mode "+t);return e.texParameteri(e.TEXTURE_2D,e.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,t),this._minFilter=t}},magFilter:{get:function(){return this._magFilter},set:function(t){this.bind();var e=this.gl;if(this.type===e.FLOAT&&o.indexOf(t)>=0&&(e.getExtension("OES_texture_float_linear")||(t=e.NEAREST)),s.indexOf(t)<0)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Unknown filter mode "+t);return e.texParameteri(e.TEXTURE_2D,e.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,t),this._magFilter=t}},mipSamples:{get:function(){return this._anisoSamples},set:function(t){var e=this._anisoSamples;if(this._anisoSamples=0|Math.max(t,1),e!==this._anisoSamples){var r=this.gl.getExtension("EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic");r&&this.gl.texParameterf(this.gl.TEXTURE_2D,r.TEXTURE_MAX_ANISOTROPY_EXT,this._anisoSamples)}return this._anisoSamples}},wrapS:{get:function(){return this._wrapS},set:function(t){if(this.bind(),l.indexOf(t)<0)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Unknown wrap mode "+t);return this.gl.texParameteri(this.gl.TEXTURE_2D,this.gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_S,t),this._wrapS=t}},wrapT:{get:function(){return this._wrapT},set:function(t){if(this.bind(),l.indexOf(t)<0)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Unknown wrap mode "+t);return this.gl.texParameteri(this.gl.TEXTURE_2D,this.gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_T,t),this._wrapT=t}},wrap:{get:function(){return this._wrapVector},set:function(t){if(Array.isArray(t)||(t=[t,t]),2!==t.length)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Must specify wrap mode for rows and columns");for(var e=0;e<2;++e)if(l.indexOf(t[e])<0)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Unknown wrap mode "+t);this._wrapS=t[0],this._wrapT=t[1];var r=this.gl;return this.bind(),r.texParameteri(r.TEXTURE_2D,r.TEXTURE_WRAP_S,this._wrapS),r.texParameteri(r.TEXTURE_2D,r.TEXTURE_WRAP_T,this._wrapT),t}},shape:{get:function(){return this._shapeVector},set:function(t){if(Array.isArray(t)){if(2!==t.length)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Invalid texture shape")}else t=[0|t,0|t];return h(this,0|t[0],0|t[1]),[0|t[0],0|t[1]]}},width:{get:function(){return this._shape[0]},set:function(t){return h(this,t|=0,this._shape[1]),t}},height:{get:function(){return this._shape[1]},set:function(t){return t|=0,h(this,this._shape[0],t),t}}}),d.bind=function(t){var e=this.gl;return void 0!==t&&e.activeTexture(e.TEXTURE0+(0|t)),e.bindTexture(e.TEXTURE_2D,this.handle),void 0!==t?0|t:e.getParameter(e.ACTIVE_TEXTURE)-e.TEXTURE0},d.dispose=function(){this.gl.deleteTexture(this.handle)},d.generateMipmap=function(){this.bind(),this.gl.generateMipmap(this.gl.TEXTURE_2D);for(var t=Math.min(this._shape[0],this._shape[1]),e=0;t>0;++e,t>>>=1)this._mipLevels.indexOf(e)<0&&this._mipLevels.push(e)},d.setPixels=function(t,e,r,o){var s=this.gl;this.bind(),Array.isArray(e)?(o=r,r=0|e[1],e=0|e[0]):(e=e||0,r=r||0),o=o||0;var l=u(t)?t:t.raw;if(l){this._mipLevels.indexOf(o)<0?(s.texImage2D(s.TEXTURE_2D,0,this.format,this.format,this.type,l),this._mipLevels.push(o)):s.texSubImage2D(s.TEXTURE_2D,o,e,r,this.format,this.type,l)}else{if(!(t.shape&&t.stride&&t.data))throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Unsupported data type");if(t.shape.length<2||e+t.shape[1]>this._shape[1]>>>o||r+t.shape[0]>this._shape[0]>>>o||e<0||r<0)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Texture dimensions are out of bounds");!function(t,e,r,o,s,l,c,u){var h=u.dtype,p=u.shape.slice();if(p.length<2||p.length>3)throw new Error("gl-texture2d: Invalid ndarray, must be 2d or 3d");var 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i(t[0],null,null,[t],[t])},y.remove=function(t){if(this.root){var e=this.root.remove(t);return 2===e&&(this.root=null),0!==e}return!1},y.queryPoint=function(t,e){if(this.root)return this.root.queryPoint(t,e)},y.queryInterval=function(t,e,r){if(t<=e&&this.root)return this.root.queryInterval(t,e,r)},Object.defineProperty(y,"count",{get:function(){return this.root?this.root.count:0}}),Object.defineProperty(y,"intervals",{get:function(){return this.root?this.root.intervals([]):[]}})},{"binary-search-bounds":31}],235:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t){for(var e=new Array(t),r=0;r<t;++r)e[r]=r;return e}},{}],236:[function(t,e,r){e.exports=!0},{}],237:[function(t,e,r){function n(t){return!!t.constructor&&"function"==typeof t.constructor.isBuffer&&t.constructor.isBuffer(t)}
/*!
* Determine if an object is a Buffer
*
* @author Feross Aboukhadijeh <https://feross.org>
* @license MIT
*/
e.exports=function(t){return null!=t&&(n(t)||function(t){return"function"==typeof t.readFloatLE&&"function"==typeof t.slice&&n(t.slice(0,0))}(t)||!!t._isBuffer)}},{}],238:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=a,e.exports.isMobile=a,e.exports.default=a;var n=/(android|bb\d+|meego).+mobile|avantgo|bada\/|blackberry|blazer|compal|elaine|fennec|hiptop|iemobile|ip(hone|od)|iris|kindle|lge |maemo|midp|mmp|mobile.+firefox|netfront|opera m(ob|in)i|palm( os)?|phone|p(ixi|re)\/|plucker|pocket|psp|series[46]0|symbian|treo|up\.(browser|link)|vodafone|wap|windows (ce|phone)|xda|xiino/i,i=/(android|bb\d+|meego).+mobile|avantgo|bada\/|blackberry|blazer|compal|elaine|fennec|hiptop|iemobile|ip(hone|od)|iris|kindle|lge |maemo|midp|mmp|mobile.+firefox|netfront|opera m(ob|in)i|palm( os)?|phone|p(ixi|re)\/|plucker|pocket|psp|series[46]0|symbian|treo|up\.(browser|link)|vodafone|wap|windows (ce|phone)|xda|xiino|android|ipad|playbook|silk/i;function a(t){t||(t={});var e=t.ua;if(e||"undefined"==typeof 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n=t("./normalize"),i=t("gl-mat4/create"),a=t("gl-mat4/clone"),o=t("gl-mat4/determinant"),s=t("gl-mat4/invert"),l=t("gl-mat4/transpose"),c={length:t("gl-vec3/length"),normalize:t("gl-vec3/normalize"),dot:t("gl-vec3/dot"),cross:t("gl-vec3/cross")},u=i(),f=i(),h=[0,0,0,0],p=[[0,0,0],[0,0,0],[0,0,0]],d=[0,0,0];function m(t,e,r,n,i){t[0]=e[0]*n+r[0]*i,t[1]=e[1]*n+r[1]*i,t[2]=e[2]*n+r[2]*i}e.exports=function(t,e,r,i,g,v){if(e||(e=[0,0,0]),r||(r=[0,0,0]),i||(i=[0,0,0]),g||(g=[0,0,0,1]),v||(v=[0,0,0,1]),!n(u,t))return!1;if(a(f,u),f[3]=0,f[7]=0,f[11]=0,f[15]=1,Math.abs(o(f)<1e-8))return!1;var y,x,b,_,w,T,k,A=u[3],M=u[7],S=u[11],E=u[12],L=u[13],C=u[14],P=u[15];if(0!==A||0!==M||0!==S){if(h[0]=A,h[1]=M,h[2]=S,h[3]=P,!s(f,f))return!1;l(f,f),y=g,b=f,_=(x=h)[0],w=x[1],T=x[2],k=x[3],y[0]=b[0]*_+b[4]*w+b[8]*T+b[12]*k,y[1]=b[1]*_+b[5]*w+b[9]*T+b[13]*k,y[2]=b[2]*_+b[6]*w+b[10]*T+b[14]*k,y[3]=b[3]*_+b[7]*w+b[11]*T+b[15]*k}else 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p(t){this._components=t.slice(),this._time=[0],this.prevMatrix=t.slice(),this.nextMatrix=t.slice(),this.computedMatrix=t.slice(),this.computedInverse=t.slice(),this.computedEye=[0,0,0],this.computedUp=[0,0,0],this.computedCenter=[0,0,0],this.computedRadius=[0],this._limits=[-1/0,1/0]}e.exports=function(t){return new p((t=t||{}).matrix||[1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1])};var d=p.prototype;d.recalcMatrix=function(t){var e=this._time,r=n.le(e,t),o=this.computedMatrix;if(!(r<0)){var s=this._components;if(r===e.length-1)for(var l=16*r,c=0;c<16;++c)o[c]=s[l++];else{var u=e[r+1]-e[r],h=(l=16*r,this.prevMatrix),p=!0;for(c=0;c<16;++c)h[c]=s[l++];var d=this.nextMatrix;for(c=0;c<16;++c)d[c]=s[l++],p=p&&h[c]===d[c];if(u<1e-6||p)for(c=0;c<16;++c)o[c]=h[c];else i(o,h,d,(t-e[r])/u)}var m=this.computedUp;m[0]=o[1],m[1]=o[5],m[2]=o[9],f(m,m);var g=this.computedInverse;a(g,o);var v=this.computedEye,y=g[15];v[0]=g[12]/y,v[1]=g[13]/y,v[2]=g[14]/y;var 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c=0;c<16;++c)this.computedMatrix[c]=.5;this.recalcMatrix(0)}var p=h.prototype;p.setDistanceLimits=function(t,e){t=t>0?Math.log(t):-1/0,e=e>0?Math.log(e):1/0,e=Math.max(e,t),this.radius.bounds[0][0]=t,this.radius.bounds[1][0]=e},p.getDistanceLimits=function(t){var e=this.radius.bounds[0];return t?(t[0]=Math.exp(e[0][0]),t[1]=Math.exp(e[1][0]),t):[Math.exp(e[0][0]),Math.exp(e[1][0])]},p.recalcMatrix=function(t){this.center.curve(t),this.up.curve(t),this.right.curve(t),this.radius.curve(t),this.angle.curve(t);for(var e=this.computedUp,r=this.computedRight,n=0,i=0,a=0;a<3;++a)i+=e[a]*r[a],n+=e[a]*e[a];var l=Math.sqrt(n),u=0;for(a=0;a<3;++a)r[a]-=e[a]*i/n,u+=r[a]*r[a],e[a]/=l;var f=Math.sqrt(u);for(a=0;a<3;++a)r[a]/=f;var h=this.computedToward;o(h,e,r),s(h,h);var p=Math.exp(this.computedRadius[0]),d=this.computedAngle[0],m=this.computedAngle[1],g=Math.cos(d),v=Math.sin(d),y=Math.cos(m),x=Math.sin(m),b=this.computedCenter,_=g*y,w=v*y,T=x,k=-g*x,A=-v*x,M=y,S=this.computedEye,E=this.computedMatrix;for(a=0;a<3;++a){var L=_*r[a]+w*h[a]+T*e[a];E[4*a+1]=k*r[a]+A*h[a]+M*e[a],E[4*a+2]=L,E[4*a+3]=0}var C=E[1],P=E[5],I=E[9],O=E[2],z=E[6],D=E[10],R=P*D-I*z,F=I*O-C*D,B=C*z-P*O,N=c(R,F,B);R/=N,F/=N,B/=N,E[0]=R,E[4]=F,E[8]=B;for(a=0;a<3;++a)S[a]=b[a]+E[2+4*a]*p;for(a=0;a<3;++a){u=0;for(var j=0;j<3;++j)u+=E[a+4*j]*S[j];E[12+a]=-u}E[15]=1},p.getMatrix=function(t,e){this.recalcMatrix(t);var r=this.computedMatrix;if(e){for(var n=0;n<16;++n)e[n]=r[n];return e}return r};var d=[0,0,0];p.rotate=function(t,e,r,n){if(this.angle.move(t,e,r),n){this.recalcMatrix(t);var i=this.computedMatrix;d[0]=i[2],d[1]=i[6],d[2]=i[10];for(var o=this.computedUp,s=this.computedRight,l=this.computedToward,c=0;c<3;++c)i[4*c]=o[c],i[4*c+1]=s[c],i[4*c+2]=l[c];a(i,i,n,d);for(c=0;c<3;++c)o[c]=i[4*c],s[c]=i[4*c+1];this.up.set(t,o[0],o[1],o[2]),this.right.set(t,s[0],s[1],s[2])}},p.pan=function(t,e,r,n){e=e||0,r=r||0,n=n||0,this.recalcMatrix(t);var i=this.computedMatrix,a=(Math.exp(this.computedRadius[0]),i[1]),o=i[5],s=i[9],l=c(a,o,s);a/=l,o/=l,s/=l;var u=i[0],f=i[4],h=i[8],p=u*a+f*o+h*s,d=c(u-=a*p,f-=o*p,h-=s*p),m=(u/=d)*e+a*r,g=(f/=d)*e+o*r,v=(h/=d)*e+s*r;this.center.move(t,m,g,v);var y=Math.exp(this.computedRadius[0]);y=Math.max(1e-4,y+n),this.radius.set(t,Math.log(y))},p.translate=function(t,e,r,n){this.center.move(t,e||0,r||0,n||0)},p.setMatrix=function(t,e,r,n){var a=1;"number"==typeof r&&(a=0|r),(a<0||a>3)&&(a=1);var o=(a+2)%3;e||(this.recalcMatrix(t),e=this.computedMatrix);var s=e[a],l=e[a+4],f=e[a+8];if(n){var h=Math.abs(s),p=Math.abs(l),d=Math.abs(f),m=Math.max(h,p,d);h===m?(s=s<0?-1:1,l=f=0):d===m?(f=f<0?-1:1,s=l=0):(l=l<0?-1:1,s=f=0)}else{var g=c(s,l,f);s/=g,l/=g,f/=g}var v,y,x=e[o],b=e[o+4],_=e[o+8],w=x*s+b*l+_*f,T=c(x-=s*w,b-=l*w,_-=f*w),k=l*(_/=T)-f*(b/=T),A=f*(x/=T)-s*_,M=s*b-l*x,S=c(k,A,M);if(k/=S,A/=S,M/=S,this.center.jump(t,q,G,Y),this.radius.idle(t),this.up.jump(t,s,l,f),this.right.jump(t,x,b,_),2===a){var E=e[1],L=e[5],C=e[9],P=E*x+L*b+C*_,I=E*k+L*A+C*M;v=R<0?-Math.PI/2:Math.PI/2,y=Math.atan2(I,P)}else{var O=e[2],z=e[6],D=e[10],R=O*s+z*l+D*f,F=O*x+z*b+D*_,B=O*k+z*A+D*M;v=Math.asin(u(R)),y=Math.atan2(B,F)}this.angle.jump(t,y,v),this.recalcMatrix(t);var N=e[2],j=e[6],U=e[10],V=this.computedMatrix;i(V,e);var H=V[15],q=V[12]/H,G=V[13]/H,Y=V[14]/H,W=Math.exp(this.computedRadius[0]);this.center.jump(t,q-N*W,G-j*W,Y-U*W)},p.lastT=function(){return Math.max(this.center.lastT(),this.up.lastT(),this.right.lastT(),this.radius.lastT(),this.angle.lastT())},p.idle=function(t){this.center.idle(t),this.up.idle(t),this.right.idle(t),this.radius.idle(t),this.angle.idle(t)},p.flush=function(t){this.center.flush(t),this.up.flush(t),this.right.flush(t),this.radius.flush(t),this.angle.flush(t)},p.setDistance=function(t,e){e>0&&this.radius.set(t,Math.log(e))},p.lookAt=function(t,e,r,n){this.recalcMatrix(t),e=e||this.computedEye,r=r||this.computedCenter;var i=(n=n||this.computedUp)[0],a=n[1],o=n[2],s=c(i,a,o);if(!(s<1e-6)){i/=s,a/=s,o/=s;var l=e[0]-r[0],f=e[1]-r[1],h=e[2]-r[2],p=c(l,f,h);if(!(p<1e-6)){l/=p,f/=p,h/=p;var d=this.computedRight,m=d[0],g=d[1],v=d[2],y=i*m+a*g+o*v,x=c(m-=y*i,g-=y*a,v-=y*o);if(!(x<.01&&(x=c(m=a*h-o*f,g=o*l-i*h,v=i*f-a*l))<1e-6)){m/=x,g/=x,v/=x,this.up.set(t,i,a,o),this.right.set(t,m,g,v),this.center.set(t,r[0],r[1],r[2]),this.radius.set(t,Math.log(p));var b=a*v-o*g,_=o*m-i*v,w=i*g-a*m,T=c(b,_,w),k=i*l+a*f+o*h,A=m*l+g*f+v*h,M=(b/=T)*l+(_/=T)*f+(w/=T)*h,S=Math.asin(u(k)),E=Math.atan2(M,A),L=this.angle._state,C=L[L.length-1],P=L[L.length-2];C%=2*Math.PI;var I=Math.abs(C+2*Math.PI-E),O=Math.abs(C-E),z=Math.abs(C-2*Math.PI-E);I<O&&(C+=2*Math.PI),z<O&&(C-=2*Math.PI),this.angle.jump(this.angle.lastT(),C,P),this.angle.set(t,E,S)}}}}},{"filtered-vector":68,"gl-mat4/invert":98,"gl-mat4/rotate":103,"gl-vec3/cross":157,"gl-vec3/dot":162,"gl-vec3/normalize":179}],306:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e,r){var i=t*e,a=n*t,o=a-(a-t),s=t-o,l=n*e,c=l-(l-e),u=e-c,f=s*u-(i-o*c-s*c-o*u);if(r)return r[0]=f,r[1]=i,r;return[f,i]};var n=+(Math.pow(2,27)+1)},{}],307:[function(t,e,r){"use strict";e.exports=function(t,e,r){var n=t+e,i=n-t,a=e-i,o=t-(n-i);if(r)return r[0]=o+a,r[1]=n,r;return[o+a,n]}},{}],308:[function(t,e,r){(function(e){(function(){"use strict";var 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The disease may shift toward one of these two polar<br>or principal forms.",""],["Leprosy, Lepromatous",1788,0.0,"D015440","C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371.775.500",0,"Description: A chronic communicable infection which is a<br>principal or polar form of LEPROSY. This disorder is caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE and produces diffuse granulomatous skin<br>lesions in the form of nodules, macules, or papules. The<br>peripheral nerves are involved symmetrically and neural sequelae<br>occur in the advanced stage.",""],["Leprosy, Tuberculoid",733,0.0,"D015441","C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371.850.500",0,"Description: A principal or polar form of LEPROSY in which the<br>skin lesions are few and are sharply demarcated. Peripheral nerve<br>involvement is pronounced and may be severe. Unlike lepromatous<br>leprosy (LEPROSY, LEPROMATOUS), the lepromin test is positive.<br>Tuberculoid leprosy is rarely a source of infection to others.",""],["Pericarditis, Tuberculous",638,0.0,"D010495","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.554.595",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the sac surrounding the heart<br>(PERICARDIUM) due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS infection.<br>Pericarditis can lead to swelling (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION),<br>compression of the heart (CARDIAC TAMPONADE), and preventing<br>normal beating of the heart.",""],["Silicotuberculosis",664,0.0,"D012830","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899.669",0,"Description: Pulmonary or extrapulmonary infection caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or nontuberculous mycobacteria in a<br>patient with silicosis.",""],["Tabes Dorsalis",544,0.0,"D013606","C01.150.252.400.794.840.500.750.800",0,"Description: Parenchymatous NEUROSYPHILIS marked by slowly<br>progressive degeneration of the posterior columns, posterior<br>roots, and ganglia of the spinal cord. The condition tends to<br>present 15 to 20 years after the initial infection and is<br>characterized by lightening-like pains in the lower extremities,<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; ATAXIA; severely impaired position and<br>vibratory sense, abnormal gait (see GAIT DISORDERS, NEUROLOGIC),<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; Argyll-Robertson pupils, hypotonia, hyperreflexia,<br>and trophic joint degeneration (Charcot's Joint; see ARTHROPATHY,<br>NEUROGENIC). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p726)",""],["Tuberculosis, Female Genital",2278,0.0,"D014384","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.944.596",0,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the female reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Tuberculosis, Male Genital",699,0.0,"D014389","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.944.721",0,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the male reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA, MALE).",""],["Tuberculosis, Meningeal",6939,0.0,"D014390","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.570.600",0,"Description: A form of bacterial meningitis caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The<br>organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which<br>subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute,<br>with progressions occurring over a period of several days or<br>longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by<br>SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits,<br>somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in<br>immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency<br>syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp717-9)",""],["Tuberculosis, Renal",2295,0.0,"D014398","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.944.847",0,"Description: Infection of the KIDNEY with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM.",""],["Tuberculosis, Spinal",4196,0.0,"D014399","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.843.722",0,"Description: Osteitis or caries of the vertebrae, usually<br>occurring as a complication of tuberculosis of the lungs.",""],["Leprosy, Paucibacillary",1352,0.0,"D056005","C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371.850",2,"Description: A form of LEPROSY classified by the World Health<br>Organization for the purpose of treatment, based on clinical<br>manifestations and skin smear results. Patients with<br>paucibacillary leprosy have fewer than six skin lesions with no<br>causative agent MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE on any slit-skin smear<br>testing. Paucibacillary leprosy encompasses indeterminate,<br>borderline tuberculoid, and tuberculoid leprosy.",""],["Leprosy, Multibacillary",2051,0.0,"D056006","C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371.775",1,"Description: A form of LEPROSY classified by the World Health<br>Organization for the purpose of treatment, based on clinical<br>manifestations and skin smear results. Patients with<br>multibacillary leprosy have six or more lesions with or without<br>positive skin smear results for the causative agent MYCOBACTERIUM<br>LEPRAE. Multibacillary leprosy encompasses borderline<br>lepromatous, midborderline, and lepromatous leprosy.",""],["Onchocerciasis, Ocular",398,0.0,"D015827","C01.610.335.508.700.750.361.699.500",0,"Description: Filarial infection of the eyes transmitted from<br>person to person by bites of Onchocerca volvulus-infected black<br>flies. The microfilariae of Onchocerca are thus deposited beneath<br>the skin. They migrate through various tissues including the eye.<br>Those persons infected have impaired vision and up to 20% are<br>blind. The incidence of eye lesions has been reported to be as<br>high as 30% in Central America and parts of Africa.",""],["Tuberculoma, Intracranial",716,0.0,"D016862","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.493.400",0,"Description: A well-circumscribed mass composed of tuberculous<br>granulation tissue that may occur in the cerebral hemispheres,<br>cerebellum, brain stem, or perimeningeal spaces. Multiple lesions<br>are quite common. Management of intracranial manifestations vary<br>with lesion site. Intracranial tuberculomas may be associated<br>with SEIZURES, focal neurologic deficits, and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Spinal cord tuberculomas may be associated with<br>localized or radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. Tuberculomas may arise as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS,<br>but also occur in immunocompetent individuals.",""],["Tuberculoma, Intracranial",716,0.0,"D016862","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.570.300",0,"Description: A well-circumscribed mass composed of tuberculous<br>granulation tissue that may occur in the cerebral hemispheres,<br>cerebellum, brain stem, or perimeningeal spaces. Multiple lesions<br>are quite common. Management of intracranial manifestations vary<br>with lesion site. Intracranial tuberculomas may be associated<br>with SEIZURES, focal neurologic deficits, and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Spinal cord tuberculomas may be associated with<br>localized or radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. Tuberculomas may arise as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS,<br>but also occur in immunocompetent individuals.",""],["King's Evil",20,0.0,"D018601","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.719.500",0,"Description: The historic designation for scrofula (TUBERCULOSIS,<br>LYMPH NODE). The disease is so called from the belief that it<br>could be healed by the touch of a king. This term is used only<br>for historical articles using the name \"king's evil\", and is to<br>be differentiated from scrofula as lymph node tuberculosis in<br>modern clinical medicine. (From Webster, 3d ed)",""],["Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis",1102,0.0,"D054908","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.775.500",0,"Description: Tuberculosis resistant to ISONIAZID and RIFAMPIN and<br>at least three of the six main classes of second-line drugs<br>(AMINOGLYCOSIDES; polypeptide agents; FLUOROQUINOLONES;<br>THIOAMIDES; CYCLOSERINE; and PARA-AMINOSALICYLIC ACID) as defined<br>by the CDC.",""],["Post-Lyme Disease Syndrome",49,0.0,"D000077342","C01.150.252.400.794.352.250.850",0,"Description: A condition caused by long-lasting and ongoing<br>infection with the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi resulting in<br>progressive inflammatory neurologic, neuromuscular, and<br>dermatologic manifestations including ENCEPHALITIS; MYELITIS;<br>acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans; and ARTHRITIS.",""],["Ancylostomiasis",1475,0.0,"D000724","C01.610.335.508.700.775.455.154",0,"Description: Infection of humans or animals with hookworms of the<br>genus ANCYLOSTOMA. Characteristics include anemia, dyspepsia,<br>eosinophilia, and abdominal swelling.",""],["Boutonneuse Fever",870,0.0,"D001907","C01.150.252.400.789.725.400.250",0,"Description: A febrile disease of the Mediterranean area, the<br>Crimea, Africa, and India, caused by infection with RICKETTSIA<br>CONORII.",""],["Carbuncle",307,0.0,"D002270","C01.150.252.410.868.951.270.200",0,"Description: An infection of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue<br>that consists of a cluster of boils. Commonly, the causative<br>agent is STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. Carbuncles produce fever,<br>leukocytosis, extreme pain, and prostration.",""],["Chancre",430,0.0,"D002601","C01.150.252.400.794.840.500.500",0,"Description: The primary sore of syphilis, a painless indurated,<br>eroded papule, occurring at the site of entry of the infection.",""],["Dictyocaulus Infections",528,0.0,"D004022","C01.610.335.508.700.775.825.315",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus DICTYOCAULUS.<br>In deer, cattle, sheep, and horses the bronchi are the site of<br>infestation.",""],["Dipetalonema Infections",201,0.0,"D004154","C01.610.335.508.700.750.361.275",0,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the genus DIPETALONEMA.",""],["Dirofilariasis",2571,0.0,"D004184","C01.610.335.508.700.750.361.290",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus DIROFILARIA,<br>usually in animals, especially dogs, but occasionally in man.",""],["Elephantiasis, Filarial",2875,0.0,"D004605","C01.610.335.508.700.750.361.350",0,"Description: Parasitic infestation of the human lymphatic system<br>by WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI or BRUGIA MALAYI. It is also called<br>lymphatic filariasis.",""],["Haemonchiasis",1322,0.0,"D006188","C01.610.335.508.700.775.825.400",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus HAEMONCHUS,<br>characterized by digestive abnormalities and anemia similar to<br>that from hookworm infestation.",""],["Larva Migrans, Visceral",670,0.0,"D007816","C01.610.335.508.700.100.868.420",0,"Description: A condition produced in man by the prolonged<br>migration of animal nematode larvae in extraintestinal tissues<br>other than skin; characterized by persistent hypereosinophilia,<br>hepatomegaly, and frequently pneumonitis, commonly caused by<br>Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati.",""],["Leprosy",24161,0.1,"D007918","C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371",5,"Description: A chronic granulomatous infection caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. The granulomatous lesions are manifested in<br>the skin, the mucous membranes, and the peripheral nerves. Two<br>polar or principal types are lepromatous and tuberculoid.",""],["Loiasis",598,0.0,"D008118","C01.610.335.508.700.750.361.518",0,"Description: A parasitic infection caused by the nematode Loa<br>loa. The vector in the transmission of this infection is the<br>horsefly (Tabanus) or the deerfly or mango fly (Chrysops). The<br>larvae may be seen just beneath the skin or passing through the<br>conjunctiva. Eye lesions are not uncommon. The disease is<br>generally mild and painless.",""],["Mansonelliasis",233,0.0,"D008368","C01.610.335.508.700.750.361.588",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus MANSONELLA.<br>Symptoms include pruritus, headache, and articular swelling.",""],["Necatoriasis",321,0.0,"D009332","C01.610.335.508.700.775.455.683",0,"Description: Infection of humans or animals with hookworms of the<br>genus NECATOR. The resulting anemia from this condition is less<br>severe than that from ANCYLOSTOMIASIS.",""],["Neurosyphilis",3732,0.0,"D009494","C01.150.252.400.794.840.500.750",1,"Description: Infections of the central nervous system caused by<br>TREPONEMA PALLIDUM which present with a variety of clinical<br>syndromes. The initial phase of infection usually causes a mild<br>or asymptomatic meningeal reaction. The meningovascular form may<br>present acutely as BRAIN INFARCTION. The infection may also<br>remain subclinical for several years. Late syndromes include<br>general paresis; TABES DORSALIS; meningeal syphilis; syphilitic<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; and spinal syphilis. General paresis is<br>characterized by progressive DEMENTIA; DYSARTHRIA; TREMOR;<br>MYOCLONUS; SEIZURES; and Argyll-Robertson pupils. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp722-8)",""],["Onchocerciasis",4041,0.0,"D009855","C01.610.335.508.700.750.361.699",1,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus ONCHOCERCA.<br>Characteristics include the presence of firm subcutaneous nodules<br>filled with adult worms, PRURITUS, and ocular lesions.",""],["Ostertagiasis",668,0.0,"D010029","C01.610.335.508.700.775.825.580",0,"Description: A disease of herbivorous mammals, particularly<br>cattle and sheep, caused by stomach worms of the genus<br>OSTERTAGIA.",""],["Paratuberculosis",2812,0.0,"D010283","C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.747",0,"Description: A chronic GASTROENTERITIS in RUMINANTS caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSPECIES PARATUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Tuberculosis, Cardiovascular",1345,0.0,"D014381","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.554",1,"Description: Pathological conditions of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM<br>caused by infection of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS. Tuberculosis<br>involvement may include the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the<br>PERICARDIUM.",""],["Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever",1324,0.0,"D012373","C01.150.252.400.789.725.400.500",0,"Description: An acute febrile illness caused by RICKETTSIA<br>RICKETTSII. It is transmitted to humans by bites of infected<br>ticks and occurs only in North and South America. Characteristics<br>include a sudden onset with headache and chills and fever lasting<br>about two to three weeks. A cutaneous rash commonly appears on<br>the extremities and trunk about the fourth day of illness.",""],["Setariasis",87,0.0,"D012719","C01.610.335.508.700.750.361.852",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus Setaria. This<br>condition is usually seen in cattle and equines and is of little<br>pathogenic significance, although migration of the worm to the<br>eye may lead to blindness.",""],["Tuberculosis, Pulmonary",72037,0.2,"D014397","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899",1,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.",""],["Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis",2058,0.0,"D013344","C01.925.782.580.600.500.500.800",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by<br>chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The condition occurs<br>primarily in children and young adults, approximately 2-8 years<br>after the initial infection. A gradual decline in intellectual<br>abilities and behavioral alterations are followed by progressive<br>MYOCLONUS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; autonomic<br>dysfunction; and ATAXIA. DEATH usually occurs 1-3 years after<br>disease onset. Pathologic features include perivascular cuffing,<br>eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, neurophagia, and fibrous<br>gliosis. It is caused by the SSPE virus, which is a defective<br>variant of MEASLES VIRUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp767-8)",""],["Syphilis, Cardiovascular",906,0.0,"D013589","C01.150.252.400.794.840.500.875",0,"Description: Cardiovascular manifestations of SYPHILIS, an<br>infection of TREPONEMA PALLIDUM. In the late stage of syphilis,<br>sometimes 20-30 years after the initial infection, damages are<br>often seen in the blood vessels including the AORTA and the<br>AORTIC VALVE. Clinical signs include syphilitic aortitis, aortic<br>insufficiency, or aortic ANEURYSM.",""],["Syphilis, Congenital",2615,0.0,"D013590","C01.150.252.400.794.840.500.937",0,"Description: Syphilis acquired in utero and manifested by any of<br>several characteristic tooth (Hutchinson's teeth) or bone<br>malformations and by active mucocutaneous syphilis at birth or<br>shortly thereafter. Ocular and neurologic changes may also occur.",""],["Syphilis, Cutaneous",945,0.0,"D013591","C01.150.252.400.794.840.500.968",0,"Description: Cutaneous lesions arising from infection with<br>Treponema pallidum. In the primary stage, 18-21 days following<br>infection, one or more chancres appear. If untreated, the<br>subsequent stages of the disease appear as syphilids. These<br>eruptions are superficial, nondestructive, exanthematic,<br>transient, macular roseolas that may later be maculopapular or<br>papular polymorphous or scaly, pustular, pigmented<br>eruptions.(Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the<br>Skin, 8th ed, p409)",""],["Syphilis, Latent",373,0.0,"D013592","C01.150.252.400.794.840.500.984",0,"Description: The stage of syphilis that occurs following the<br>primary (CHANCRE) and secondary stages. The patient is<br>asymptomatic at the latent stage but remains seropositive for the<br>SPIROCHETE.",""],["Tabes Dorsalis",544,0.0,"D013606","C01.150.252.400.840.500.750.800",0,"Description: Parenchymatous NEUROSYPHILIS marked by slowly<br>progressive degeneration of the posterior columns, posterior<br>roots, and ganglia of the spinal cord. The condition tends to<br>present 15 to 20 years after the initial infection and is<br>characterized by lightening-like pains in the lower extremities,<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; ATAXIA; severely impaired position and<br>vibratory sense, abnormal gait (see GAIT DISORDERS, NEUROLOGIC),<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; Argyll-Robertson pupils, hypotonia, hyperreflexia,<br>and trophic joint degeneration (Charcot's Joint; see ARTHROPATHY,<br>NEUROGENIC). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p726)",""],["Trichostrongylosis",620,0.0,"D014253","C01.610.335.508.700.775.825.842",0,"Description: Infestation with nematode worms of the genus<br>TRICHOSTRONGYLUS. Man and animals become infected by swallowing<br>larvae, usually with contaminated food or drink, although the<br>larvae may penetrate human skin.",""],["Tuberculoma",2703,0.0,"D014375","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.493",1,"Description: A tumor-like mass resulting from the enlargement of<br>a tuberculous lesion.",""],["Tuberculosis, Avian",373,0.0,"D014379","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.516",0,"Description: A variety of TUBERCULOSIS affecting various birds,<br>including chickens and ducks. It is caused by MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM<br>and characterized by tubercles consisting principally of<br>epithelioid cells.",""],["Tuberculosis, Bovine",3541,0.0,"D014380","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.538",0,"Description: An infection of cattle caused by MYCOBACTERIUM<br>BOVIS. It is transmissible to man and other animals.",""],["Tuberculosis, Cutaneous",2756,0.0,"D014382","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.588",0,"Description: Tuberculosis of the skin. It includes scrofuloderma<br>and tuberculid, but not LUPUS VULGARIS.",""],["Tuberculosis, Endocrine",379,0.0,"D014383","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.606",0,"Description: Infection of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM, most often MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Tuberculosis, Urogenital",7601,0.0,"D014401","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.944",3,"Description: A general term for MYCOBACTERIUM infections of any<br>part of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.",""],["Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal",3060,0.0,"D014385","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.628",0,"Description: TUBERCULOSIS that involves any region of the<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, mostly in the distal ILEUM and the CECUM.<br>In most cases, MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS is the pathogen.<br>Clinical features include ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and palpable<br>mass in the ileocecal area.",""],["Tuberculosis, Hepatic",828,0.0,"D014386","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.651",0,"Description: Infection of the LIVER with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM, most often MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS. It is<br>characterized by localized small tuberculous miliary lesions or<br>tumor-like mass (TUBERCULOMA), and abnormalities in liver<br>function tests.",""],["Tuberculosis, Laryngeal",694,0.0,"D014387","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.696",0,"Description: Tuberculosis involving the larynx, producing<br>ulceration of the VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA.",""],["Tuberculosis, Lymph Node",4559,0.0,"D014388","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.719",1,"Description: Infection of the lymph nodes by tuberculosis.<br>Tuberculous infection of the cervical lymph nodes is scrofula.",""],["Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System",8114,0.0,"D020306","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.570",2,"Description: Tuberculosis of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges<br>(TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL), most often caused by MYCOBACTERIUM<br>TUBERCULOSIS and rarely by MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The infection may<br>be limited to the nervous system or coexist in other organs<br>(e.g., TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY). The organism tends to seed the<br>meninges causing a diffuse meningitis and leads to the formation<br>of TUBERCULOMA, which may occur within the brain, spinal cord, or<br>perimeningeal spaces. Tuberculous involvement of the vertebral<br>column (TUBERCULOSIS, SPINAL) may result in nerve root or spinal<br>cord compression. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, pp717-20)",""],["Tuberculosis, Miliary",2785,0.0,"D014391","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.764",0,"Description: An acute form of TUBERCULOSIS in which minute<br>tubercles are formed in a number of organs of the body due to<br>dissemination of the bacilli through the blood stream.",""],["Tuberculosis, Oral",404,0.0,"D014393","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.809",0,"Description: Tuberculosis of the mouth, tongue, and salivary<br>glands.",""],["Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular",9853,0.0,"D014394","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.843",1,"Description: Tuberculosis of the bones or joints.",""],["Peritonitis, Tuberculous",1695,0.0,"D014395","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.308",0,"Description: A form of PERITONITIS seen in patients with<br>TUBERCULOSIS, characterized by lesion either as a miliary form or<br>as a pelvic mass on the peritoneal surfaces. Most patients have<br>ASCITES, abdominal swelling, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and other systemic<br>symptoms such as FEVER; WEIGHT LOSS; and ANEMIA.",""],["Tuberculosis, Pleural",2036,0.0,"D014396","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.877",0,"Description: Tuberculosis of the serous membrane lining the<br>thoracic cavity and surrounding the lungs.",""],["Tuberculosis, Splenic",380,0.0,"D014400","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.922",0,"Description: Infection of the spleen with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM.",""],["Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome",403,0.0,"D014884","C01.150.252.400.625.549.449.800",0,"Description: A condition of HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS of the<br>ADRENAL GLAND. It is characterized by rapidly developing ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTENSION; and widespread cutaneous PURPURA.",""],["Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection",2835,0.0,"D015270","C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.495",0,"Description: A nontuberculous infection when occurring in humans.<br>It is characterized by pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in<br>children, and systemic disease in AIDS patients. Mycobacterium<br>avium-intracellulare infection of birds and swine results in<br>tuberculosis.",""],["Erythema Chronicum Migrans",576,0.0,"D015787","C01.150.252.400.794.352.250.400",0,"Description: A deep type of gyrate erythema that follows a bite<br>by an ixodid tick; it is a stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE.<br>The site of the bite is characterized by a red papule that<br>expands peripherally as a nonscaling, palpable band that clears<br>centrally. This condition is often associated with systemic<br>symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea,<br>vomiting, fatigue, backache, and stiff neck.",""],["Enterobiasis",744,0.0,"D017229","C01.610.335.508.700.550.550.375",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus ENTEROBIUS; E.<br>vermicularis, the pinworm of man, causes a crawling sensation and<br>pruritus. This condition results in scratching the area,<br>occasionally causing scarification.",""],["Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant",9699,0.0,"D018088","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.775",1,"Description: Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or<br>more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and<br>RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome<br>in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV<br>INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are<br>more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that<br>have developed further resistance to at least three of the six<br>classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-<br>RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Lyme Neuroborreliosis",1022,0.0,"D020852","C01.150.252.400.794.352.250.700",0,"Description: Nervous system infections caused by tick-borne<br>spirochetes of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP. The disease may<br>affect elements of the central or peripheral nervous system in<br>isolation or in combination. Common clinical manifestations<br>include a lymphocytic meningitis, cranial neuropathy (most often<br>a facial neuropathy), POLYRADICULOPATHY, and a mild loss of<br>memory and other cognitive functions. Less often more extensive<br>inflammation involving the central nervous system<br>(encephalomyelitis) may occur. In the peripheral nervous system,<br>B. burgdorferi infection is associated with mononeuritis<br>multiplex and polyradiculoneuritis. (From J Neurol Sci 1998 Jan<br>8;153(2):182-91)",""],["Buruli Ulcer",783,0.0,"D054312","C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.247",0,"Description: A lesion in the skin and subcutaneous tissues due to<br>infections by MYCOBACTERIUM ULCERANS. It was first reported in<br>Uganda, Africa.",""],["Latent Tuberculosis",3646,0.0,"D055985","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.122",0,"Description: The dormant form of TUBERCULOSIS where the person<br>shows no obvious symptoms and no sign of the causative agent<br>(Mycobacterium tuberculosis) in the SPUTUM despite being positive<br>for tuberculosis infection skin test.",""],["Acanthocheilonemiasis",19,0.0,"D063485","C01.610.335.508.700.750.361.137",0,"Description: A tropical infectious disease found mainly in Africa<br>that is caused by the filarial parasite ACANTHOCHEILONEMA.<br>Symptoms include skin rashes, abdominal, chest, muscle, and joint<br>pains, neurologic disorders, skin lumps, and elevated levels of<br>white blood cells. The parasite is transmitted through the bite<br>of small flies.",""],["Acute Retroviral Syndrome",10,0.0,"D000071297","C01.925.782.815.616.400.044",0,"Description: Early stage of HIV infection. Symptoms resemble<br>INFLUENZA or INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS.",""],["Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis",2422,0.0,"D000073605","C01.150.252.400.789.725.400",2,"Description: A group of arthropod-borne diseases caused by<br>spotted fever bio-group members of RICKETTSIA. They are<br>characterized by fever, headache, and petechial (spotted) rash.",""],["Lyme Disease",12400,0.0,"D008193","C01.150.252.400.794.352.250",3,"Description: An infectious disease caused by a spirochete,<br>BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, which is transmitted chiefly by Ixodes<br>dammini (see IXODES) and pacificus ticks in the United States and<br>Ixodes ricinis (see IXODES) in Europe. It is a disease with early<br>and late cutaneous manifestations plus involvement of the nervous<br>system, heart, eye, and joints in variable combinations. The<br>disease was formerly known as Lyme arthritis and first discovered<br>at Old Lyme, Connecticut.",""],["COVID-19",112194,0.3,"D000086382","C01.925.782.600.550.200.163",0,"Description: A viral disorder generally characterized by high<br>FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN;<br>HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see<br>AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. In<br>severe cases, a myriad of coagulopathy associated symptoms often<br>correlating with COVID-19 severity is seen (e.g., BLOOD<br>COAGULATION; THROMBOSIS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME;<br>SEIZURES; HEART ATTACK; STROKE; multiple CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS;<br>KIDNEY FAILURE; catastrophic ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME<br>and/or DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION). In younger<br>patients, rare inflammatory syndromes are sometimes associated<br>with COVID-19 (e.g., atypical KAWASAKI SYNDROME; TOXIC SHOCK<br>SYNDROME; pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease; and<br>CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME). A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, in the genus<br>BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent.",""],["Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",66900,0.2,"D000163","C01.925.782.815.616.400.040",0,"Description: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated<br>with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a<br>CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or<br>less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility<br>to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical<br>manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia.<br>These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in<br>1993.",""],["Actinobacillosis",69,0.0,"D000187","C01.150.252.400.700.030.178",0,"Description: A disease characterized by suppurative and<br>granulomatous lesions in the respiratory tract, upper alimentary<br>tract, skin, kidneys, joints, and other tissues. Actinobacillus<br>lignieresii infects cattle and sheep while A. equuli infects<br>horses and pigs.",""],["Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial",545,0.0,"D000197","C01.150.252.410.040.137.316",0,"Description: A form of ACTINOMYCOSIS characterized by slow-<br>growing inflammatory lesions of the lymph nodes that drain the<br>mouth (lumpy jaw), reddening of the overlying skin, and<br>intraperitoneal abscesses.",""],["AIDS-Related Complex",1088,0.0,"D000386","C01.925.782.815.616.400.080",0,"Description: A prodromal phase of infection with the human<br>immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating<br>AIDS-related complex (ARC) from AIDS include elevated or<br>hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to<br>depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS; follicular or<br>mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte<br>degeneration and depletion more typical of AIDS; evolving<br>succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of<br>Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown<br>AIDS.",""],["Hookworm Infections",4189,0.0,"D006725","C01.610.335.508.700.775.455",2,"Description: Infection of humans or animals with hookworms other<br>than those caused by the genus Ancylostoma or Necator, for which<br>the specific terms ANCYLOSTOMIASIS and NECATORIASIS are<br>available.",""],["Ascariasis",4830,0.0,"D001196","C01.610.335.508.700.100.070",0,"Description: Infection by nematodes of the genus ASCARIS.<br>Ingestion of infective eggs causes diarrhea and pneumonitis. Its<br>distribution is more prevalent in areas of poor sanitation and<br>where human feces are used for fertilizer.",""],["Ascaridiasis",289,0.0,"D001198","C01.610.335.508.700.100.080",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus ASCARIDIA.<br>This condition usually occurs in fowl, often manifesting<br>diarrhea.",""],["Furunculosis",1258,0.0,"D005667","C01.150.252.410.868.951.270",1,"Description: A persistent skin infection marked by the presence<br>of furuncles, often chronic and recurrent. In humans, the<br>causative agent is various species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS. In salmonid<br>fish (SALMONIDS), the pathogen is AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA.",""],["Carbuncle",307,0.0,"D002270","C01.150.252.819.770.270.200",0,"Description: An infection of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue<br>that consists of a cluster of boils. Commonly, the causative<br>agent is STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. Carbuncles produce fever,<br>leukocytosis, extreme pain, and prostration.",""],["Cat-Scratch Disease",2160,0.0,"D002372","C01.150.252.400.126.100.150",0,"Description: A self-limiting bacterial infection of the regional<br>lymph nodes caused by AFIPIA felis, a gram-negative bacterium<br>recently identified by the Centers for Disease Control and<br>Prevention and by BARTONELLA HENSELAE. It usually arises one or<br>more weeks following a feline scratch, with raised inflammatory<br>nodules at the site of the scratch being the primary symptom.",""],["Chagas Cardiomyopathy",2207,0.0,"D002598","C01.610.752.300.900.200.190",0,"Description: A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent<br>to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI. After<br>infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as<br>MYOCARDITIS (mostly in children). The disease then enters a<br>latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years<br>later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced CHAGAS DISEASE include<br>conduction defects (HEART BLOCK) and CARDIOMEGALY.",""],["Syphilis",29410,0.1,"D013587","C01.150.252.400.794.840.500",7,"Description: A contagious venereal disease caused by the<br>spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.",""],["Chancre",430,0.0,"D002601","C01.150.252.400.840.500.500",0,"Description: The primary sore of syphilis, a painless indurated,<br>eroded papule, occurring at the site of entry of the infection.",""],["Chancroid",682,0.0,"D002602","C01.150.252.400.700.433.308",0,"Description: Acute, localized autoinoculable infectious disease<br>usually acquired through sexual contact. Caused by HAEMOPHILUS<br>DUCREYI, it occurs endemically almost worldwide, especially in<br>tropical and subtropical countries and more commonly in seaports<br>and urban areas than in rural areas.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Inclusion",540,0.0,"D003235","C01.150.252.400.210.125.245",0,"Description: An infection of the eyes characterized by the<br>presence in conjunctival epithelial cells of inclusion bodies<br>indistinguishable from those of trachoma. It is acquired by<br>infants during birth and by adults from swimming pools. The<br>etiological agent is CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS whose natural habitat<br>appears to be the genito-urinary tract. Inclusion conjunctivitis<br>is a less severe disease than trachoma and usually clears up<br>spontaneously.",""],["Trichostrongyloidiasis",5002,0.0,"D014252","C01.610.335.508.700.775.825",4,"Description: Infection by roundworms of the superfamily<br>TRICHOSTRONGYLOIDEA, including the genera TRICHOSTRONGYLUS;<br>OSTERTAGIA; Cooperia, HAEMONCHUS; Nematodirus, Hyostrongylus, and<br>DICTYOCAULUS.",""],["Filariasis",16170,0.0,"D005368","C01.610.335.508.700.750.361",9,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the superfamily<br>FILARIOIDEA. The presence of living worms in the body is mainly<br>asymptomatic but the death of adult worms leads to granulomatous<br>inflammation and permanent fibrosis. Organisms of the genus<br>Elaeophora infect wild elk and domestic sheep causing ischemic<br>necrosis of the brain, blindness, and dermatosis of the face.",""],["Diphtheria",6090,0.0,"D004165","C01.150.252.410.040.246.388",0,"Description: A localized infection of mucous membranes or skin<br>caused by toxigenic strains of CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE. It is<br>characterized by the presence of a pseudomembrane at the site of<br>infection. DIPHTHERIA TOXIN, produced by C. diphtheriae, can<br>cause myocarditis, polyneuritis, and other systemic toxic<br>effects.",""],["Distemper",1402,0.0,"D004216","C01.925.782.580.600.500.285",0,"Description: A name for several highly contagious viral diseases<br>of animals, especially canine distemper. In dogs, it is caused by<br>the canine distemper virus (DISTEMPER VIRUS, CANINE). It is<br>characterized by a diphasic fever, leukopenia, gastrointestinal<br>and respiratory inflammation and sometimes, neurologic<br>complications. In cats it is known as FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA.",""],["Dracunculiasis",909,0.0,"D004320","C01.610.335.508.700.750.299",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus Dracunculus.<br>One or more worms may be seen at a time, with the legs and feet<br>being the most commonly infected areas. Symptoms include<br>pruritus, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or asthmatic attacks.",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C01.925.782.930.100.370.325",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Enteritis, Transmissible, of Turkeys",86,0.0,"D004753","C01.925.782.600.550.200.325",0,"Description: An acute, highly contagious virus disease of turkeys<br>characterized by chilling, anorexia, decreased water intake,<br>diarrhea, dehydration and weight loss. The infectious agent is a<br>CORONAVIRUS.",""],["Erythrasma",100,0.0,"D004894","C01.150.252.410.040.246.694",0,"Description: A chronic bacterial infection of major folds of the<br>skin, caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.",""],["Gastroenteritis, Transmissible, of Swine",527,0.0,"D005761","C01.925.782.600.550.200.400",0,"Description: A condition of chronic gastroenteritis in adult pigs<br>and fatal gastroenteritis in piglets caused by a CORONAVIRUS.",""],["Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative",782,0.0,"D005892","C01.150.252.400.388.350.350",0,"Description: An acute or chronic GINGIVITIS characterized by<br>redness and swelling, NECROSIS extending from the interdental<br>papillae along the gingival margins, PAIN; HEMORRHAGE, necrotic<br>odor, and often a pseudomembrane. The condition may extend to the<br>ORAL MUCOSA; TONGUE; PALATE; or PHARYNX. The etiology is somewhat<br>unclear, but may involve a complex of FUSOBACTERIUM NUCLEATUM<br>along with spirochetes BORRELIA or TREPONEMA.",""],["Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease",2108,0.0,"D006232","C01.925.782.687.359.213.331",0,"Description: A mild, highly infectious viral disease of children,<br>characterized by vesicular lesions in the mouth and on the hands<br>and feet. It is caused by coxsackieviruses A.",""],["Heartwater Disease",405,0.0,"D006357","C01.150.252.400.054.750.500",0,"Description: A tick-borne septicemic disease of domestic and wild<br>ruminants caused by EHRLICHIA RUMINANTIUM.",""],["Hemorrhagic Septicemia",214,0.0,"D006483","C01.150.252.400.700.662.500",0,"Description: Any of several bacterial diseases, usually caused by<br>PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA, marked by the presence of hemorrhagic<br>areas in the subcutaneous tissues, serous membranes, muscles,<br>lymph glands, and throughout the internal organs. The diseases<br>primarily affect animals and rarely humans.",""],["Herpangina",155,0.0,"D006557","C01.925.782.687.359.213.466",0,"Description: Acute types of coxsackievirus infections or<br>ECHOVIRUS INFECTIONS that usually affect children during the<br>summer and are characterized by vesiculoulcerative lesions on the<br>MUCOUS MEMBRANES of the THROAT; DYSPHAGIA; VOMITING, and FEVER.",""],["Herpangina",155,0.0,"D006557","C01.925.782.687.359.347.500",0,"Description: Acute types of coxsackievirus infections or<br>ECHOVIRUS INFECTIONS that usually affect children during the<br>summer and are characterized by vesiculoulcerative lesions on the<br>MUCOUS MEMBRANES of the THROAT; DYSPHAGIA; VOMITING, and FEVER.",""],["Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus",1307,0.0,"D006563","C01.925.256.466.930.750.466",0,"Description: Virus infection of the Gasserian ganglion and its<br>nerve branches characterized by pain and vesicular eruptions with<br>much swelling. Ocular involvement is usually heralded by a<br>vesicle on the tip of the nose. This area is innervated by the<br>nasociliary nerve.",""],["HIV Seropositivity",15688,0.0,"D006679","C01.925.782.815.616.400.500",0,"Description: Development of neutralizing antibodies in<br>individuals who have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency<br>virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV).",""],["Impetigo",1026,0.0,"D007169","C01.150.252.410.868.951.360",0,"Description: A common superficial bacterial infection caused by<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.<br>Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and<br>discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a<br>crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially<br>about the mouth and nose.",""],["Keratitis, Dendritic",2003,0.0,"D007635","C01.925.256.466.382.465.450",0,"Description: A form of herpetic keratitis characterized by the<br>formation of small vesicles which break down and coalesce to form<br>recurring dendritic ulcers, characteristically irregular, linear,<br>branching, and ending in knoblike extremities. (Dictionary of<br>Visual Science, 3d ed)",""],["Toxocariasis",2649,0.0,"D014120","C01.610.335.508.700.100.868",1,"Description: Infection by round worms of the genus TOXOCARA,<br>usually found in wild and domesticated cats and dogs and foxes,<br>except for the larvae, which may produce visceral and ocular<br>larva migrans in man.",""],["Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous",1150,0.0,"D007897","C01.610.752.300.500.400.385",0,"Description: A disease characterized by the chronic, progressive<br>spread of lesions from New World cutaneous leishmaniasis caused<br>by species of the L. braziliensis complex to the nasal,<br>pharyngeal, and buccal mucosa some time after the appearance of<br>the initial cutaneous lesion. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis are<br>frequent presenting symptoms.",""],["Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous",37998,0.1,"D009165","C01.150.252.410.040.552.475",9,"Description: Infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria<br>(atypical mycobacteria): M. kansasii, M. marinum, M.<br>scrofulaceum, M. flavescens, M. gordonae, M. obuense, M. gilvum,<br>M. duvali, M. szulgai, M. intracellulare (see MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM<br>COMPLEX;), M. xenopi (littorale), M. ulcerans, M. buruli, M.<br>terrae, M. fortuitum (minetti, giae), M. chelonae, M. leprae.",""],["Whipple Disease",2203,0.0,"D008061","C01.150.252.410.040.137.631",0,"Description: A chronic systemic infection by a gram-positive<br>bacterium, Tropheryma whippelii, mainly affecting the SMALL<br>INTESTINE but also the JOINTS; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and the<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The disease is characterized by fat<br>deposits in the INTESTINAL MUCOSA and LYMPH NODES, malabsorption,<br>DIARRHEA with fatty stools, MALNUTRITION, and ARTHRITIS.",""],["Lymphogranuloma Venereum",1510,0.0,"D008219","C01.150.252.400.210.125.490",0,"Description: Subacute inflammation of the inguinal lymph glands<br>caused by certain immunotypes of CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. It is a<br>sexually transmitted disease in the U.S. but is more widespread<br>in developing countries. It is distinguished from granuloma<br>venereum (see GRANULOMA INGUINALE), which is caused by<br>Calymmatobacterium granulomatis.",""],["Mycetoma",2289,0.0,"D008271","C01.150.252.410.040.692.500",0,"Description: A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused<br>by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes<br>(actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses,<br>and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens,<br>such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with<br>different grain colors.",""],["Measles",15063,0.0,"D008457","C01.925.782.580.600.500.500",1,"Description: A highly contagious infectious disease caused by<br>MORBILLIVIRUS, common among children but also seen in the<br>nonimmune of any age, in which the virus enters the respiratory<br>tract via droplet nuclei and multiplies in the epithelial cells,<br>spreading throughout the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM.",""],["Meningitis, Haemophilus",1618,0.0,"D008583","C01.150.252.400.700.433.615",0,"Description: Infections of the nervous system caused by bacteria<br>of the genus HAEMOPHILUS, and marked by prominent inflammation of<br>the MENINGES. HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B is the most common<br>causative organism. The condition primarily affects children<br>under 6 years of age but may occur in adults.",""],["Meningitis, Meningococcal",4703,0.0,"D008585","C01.150.252.400.625.549.449",1,"Description: A fulminant infection of the meninges and<br>subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS,<br>producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous<br>thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal<br>rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor,<br>focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism<br>is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a<br>leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults.<br>Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and<br>W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr<br>1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)",""],["Meningitis, Pneumococcal",2777,0.0,"D008586","C01.150.252.410.890.670.595",0,"Description: An acute purulent infection of the meninges and<br>subarachnoid space caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, most<br>prevalent in children and adults over the age of 60. This illness<br>may be associated with OTITIS MEDIA; MASTOIDITIS; SINUSITIS;<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; sickle cell disease (ANEMIA, SICKLE<br>CELL); skull fractures; and other disorders. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; neck stiffness; and<br>somnolence followed by SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits<br>(notably DEAFNESS); and COMA. (From Miller et al., Merritt's<br>Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p111)",""],["Mumps",3959,0.0,"D009107","C01.925.782.580.600.680.500",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease caused by RUBULAVIRUS,<br>spread by direct contact, airborne droplet nuclei, fomites<br>contaminated by infectious saliva, and perhaps urine, and usually<br>seen in children under the age of 15, although adults may also be<br>affected. (From Dorland, 28th ed)",""],["Neurosyphilis",3732,0.0,"D009494","C01.150.252.400.840.500.750",1,"Description: Infections of the central nervous system caused by<br>TREPONEMA PALLIDUM which present with a variety of clinical<br>syndromes. The initial phase of infection usually causes a mild<br>or asymptomatic meningeal reaction. The meningovascular form may<br>present acutely as BRAIN INFARCTION. The infection may also<br>remain subclinical for several years. Late syndromes include<br>general paresis; TABES DORSALIS; meningeal syphilis; syphilitic<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; and spinal syphilis. General paresis is<br>characterized by progressive DEMENTIA; DYSARTHRIA; TREMOR;<br>MYOCLONUS; SEIZURES; and Argyll-Robertson pupils. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp722-8)",""],["Newcastle Disease",2770,0.0,"D009521","C01.925.782.580.600.080.600",0,"Description: An acute febrile, contagious, viral disease of birds<br>caused by an AVULAVIRUS called NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS. It is<br>characterized by respiratory and nervous symptoms in fowl and is<br>transmissible to man causing a severe, but transient<br>conjunctivitis.",""],["Oesophagostomiasis",265,0.0,"D009814","C01.610.335.508.700.775.583",0,"Description: Infection of the intestinal tract with worms of the<br>genus OESOPHAGOSTOMUM. This condition occurs mainly in animals<br>other than man.",""],["Psittacosis",2517,0.0,"D009956","C01.150.252.400.210.250.600",0,"Description: Infection with CHLAMYDOPHILA PSITTACI (formerly<br>Chlamydia psittaci), transmitted to humans by inhalation of dust-<br>borne contaminated nasal secretions or excreta of infected BIRDS.<br>This infection results in a febrile illness characterized by<br>PNEUMONITIS and systemic manifestations.",""],["Oxyuriasis",2037,0.0,"D010123","C01.610.335.508.700.550.550",1,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the superfamily<br>OXYUROIDEA.",""],["Paratyphoid Fever",2216,0.0,"D010284","C01.150.252.400.310.821.438",0,"Description: A prolonged febrile illness commonly caused by<br>several Paratyphi serotypes of SALMONELLA ENTERICA. It is similar<br>to TYPHOID FEVER but less severe.",""],["Tuberculosis",247127,0.8,"D014376","C01.150.252.410.040.552.846",32,"Description: Any of the infectious diseases of man and other<br>animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Pinta",138,0.0,"D010874","C01.150.252.400.794.840.250",0,"Description: An infectious disease of the skin caused by<br>Treponema carateum that occurs only in the western hemisphere.<br>Age of onset is between 10 and 20 years of age. This condition is<br>characterized by marked changes in the skin color and is believed<br>to be transmitted by direct person-to-person contact.",""],["Plague",5015,0.0,"D010930","C01.150.252.400.310.980.390",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease caused by YERSINIA<br>PESTIS that affects humans, wild rodents, and their<br>ectoparasites. This condition persists due to its firm<br>entrenchment in sylvatic rodent-flea ecosystems throughout the<br>world. Bubonic plague is the most common form.",""],["Pleurodynia, Epidemic",342,0.0,"D011000","C01.925.782.687.359.213.737",0,"Description: An acute, febrile, infectious disease generally<br>occurring in epidemics. It is usually caused by coxsackieviruses<br>B and sometimes by coxsackieviruses A; echoviruses; or other<br>enteroviruses.",""],["Pleuropneumonia, Contagious",506,0.0,"D011002","C01.150.252.400.610.610.717",0,"Description: A pleuropneumonia of cattle and goats caused by<br>species of MYCOPLASMA.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumococcal",4532,0.0,"D011018","C01.150.252.410.890.670.750",0,"Description: A febrile disease caused by STREPTOCOCCUS<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Pneumonia, Mycoplasma",4054,0.0,"D011019","C01.150.252.400.610.610.760",0,"Description: Interstitial pneumonia caused by extensive infection<br>of the lungs (LUNG) and BRONCHI, particularly the lower lobes of<br>the lungs, by MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE in humans. In SHEEP, it is<br>caused by MYCOPLASMA OVIPNEUMONIAE. In CATTLE, it may be caused<br>by MYCOPLASMA DISPAR.",""],["Poliomyelitis, Bulbar",880,0.0,"D011052","C01.925.782.687.359.764.614",0,"Description: A form of paralytic poliomyelitis affecting neurons<br>of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the brain stem. Clinical features<br>include impaired respiration, HYPERTENSION, alterations of<br>vasomotor control, and dysphagia. Weakness and atrophy of the<br>limbs and trunk due to spinal cord involvement is usually<br>associated. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p765)",""],["Relapsing Fever",1092,0.0,"D012061","C01.150.252.400.794.352.500",0,"Description: An acute infection characterized by recurrent<br>episodes of PYREXIA alternating with asymptomatic intervals of<br>apparent recovery. This condition is caused by SPIROCHETES of the<br>genus BORRELIA. It is transmitted by the BITES of either the body<br>louse (PEDICULUS humanus corporis), for which humans are the<br>reservoir, or by soft ticks of the genus ORNITHODOROS, for which<br>rodents and other animals are the principal reservoirs.",""],["Rheumatic Heart Disease",9888,0.0,"D012214","C01.150.252.410.890.731.649",0,"Description: Cardiac manifestation of systemic rheumatological<br>conditions, such as RHEUMATIC FEVER. Rheumatic heart disease can<br>involve any part the heart, most often the HEART VALVES and the<br>ENDOCARDIUM.",""],["Rhinoscleroma",812,0.0,"D012226","C01.150.252.400.310.503.500",0,"Description: A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA<br>RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not<br>limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of<br>the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and<br>the skin.",""],["Rinderpest",569,0.0,"D012301","C01.925.782.580.600.500.700",0,"Description: A viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals caused by<br>MORBILLIVIRUS. It may be acute, subacute, or chronic with the<br>major lesions characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the<br>entire digestive tract. The disease was declared successfully<br>eradicated worldwide in 2010.",""],["Rubella Syndrome, Congenital",676,0.0,"D012410","C01.925.782.930.700.700.700",0,"Description: Transplacental infection of the fetus with rubella<br>usually in the first trimester of pregnancy, as a consequence of<br>maternal infection, resulting in various developmental<br>abnormalities in the newborn infant. They include cardiac and<br>ocular lesions, deafness, microcephaly, mental retardation, and<br>generalized growth retardation. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Salmonella Food Poisoning",2636,0.0,"D012478","C01.150.252.400.310.821.606",0,"Description: Poisoning caused by ingestion of food harboring<br>species of SALMONELLA. Conditions of raising, shipping,<br>slaughtering, and marketing of domestic animals contribute to the<br>spread of this bacterium in the food supply.",""],["Salmonella Infections, Animal",7839,0.0,"D012481","C01.150.252.400.310.821.706",0,"Description: Infections in animals with bacteria of the genus<br>SALMONELLA.",""],["Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic",335,0.0,"D012766","C01.925.782.580.600.600.648",0,"Description: Bovine respiratory disease found in animals that<br>have been shipped or exposed to CATTLE recently transported. The<br>major agent responsible for the disease is MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA<br>and less commonly, PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA or HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS.<br>All three agents are normal inhabitants of the bovine nasal<br>pharyngeal mucosa but not the LUNG. They are considered<br>opportunistic pathogens following STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL and/or a<br>viral infection. The resulting bacterial fibrinous<br>BRONCHOPNEUMONIA is often fatal.",""],["Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome",383,0.0,"D013206","C01.150.252.410.868.951.770",0,"Description: A disease of infants due to group 2 phage type 17<br>staphylococci that produce an epidermolytic exotoxin. Superficial<br>fine vesicles and bullae form and rupture easily, resulting in<br>loss of large sheets of epidermis.",""],["Strongyle Infections, Equine",479,0.0,"D013319","C01.610.335.508.700.775.773",0,"Description: Infection of horses with parasitic nematodes of the<br>superfamily STRONGYLOIDEA. Characteristics include the<br>development of hemorrhagic nodules on the abdominal peritoneum.",""],["Strongyloidiasis",3767,0.0,"D013322","C01.610.335.508.700.700.799",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus STRONGYLOIDES.<br>The presence of larvae may produce pneumonitis and the presence<br>of adult worms in the intestine could lead to moderate to severe<br>diarrhea.",""],["Syphilis, Cardiovascular",906,0.0,"D013589","C01.150.252.400.840.500.875",0,"Description: Cardiovascular manifestations of SYPHILIS, an<br>infection of TREPONEMA PALLIDUM. In the late stage of syphilis,<br>sometimes 20-30 years after the initial infection, damages are<br>often seen in the blood vessels including the AORTA and the<br>AORTIC VALVE. Clinical signs include syphilitic aortitis, aortic<br>insufficiency, or aortic ANEURYSM.",""],["Syphilis, Congenital",2615,0.0,"D013590","C01.150.252.400.840.500.937",0,"Description: Syphilis acquired in utero and manifested by any of<br>several characteristic tooth (Hutchinson's teeth) or bone<br>malformations and by active mucocutaneous syphilis at birth or<br>shortly thereafter. Ocular and neurologic changes may also occur.",""],["Syphilis, Cutaneous",945,0.0,"D013591","C01.150.252.400.840.500.968",0,"Description: Cutaneous lesions arising from infection with<br>Treponema pallidum. In the primary stage, 18-21 days following<br>infection, one or more chancres appear. If untreated, the<br>subsequent stages of the disease appear as syphilids. These<br>eruptions are superficial, nondestructive, exanthematic,<br>transient, macular roseolas that may later be maculopapular or<br>papular polymorphous or scaly, pustular, pigmented<br>eruptions.(Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the<br>Skin, 8th ed, p409)",""],["Syphilis, Latent",373,0.0,"D013592","C01.150.252.400.840.500.984",0,"Description: The stage of syphilis that occurs following the<br>primary (CHANCRE) and secondary stages. The patient is<br>asymptomatic at the latent stage but remains seropositive for the<br>SPIROCHETE.",""],["Tinea Favosa",240,0.0,"D014007","C01.150.703.302.720.730.740",0,"Description: A disease of the scalp that may affect the glabrous<br>skin and the nails and is recognized by the concave sulfur-yellow<br>crusts that form around loose, wiry hairs. Atrophy ensues,<br>leaving a smooth, glossy, thin, paper-white patch. This type of<br>disease is rare in the United States and more frequently seen in<br>the Middle East, Africa, Southeastern Europe, and other countries<br>bordering the Mediterranean Sea. (Arnold, Odom, and James,<br>Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p319)",""],["Trachoma",3894,0.0,"D014141","C01.150.252.400.210.125.745",0,"Description: A chronic infection of the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA<br>caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.",""],["Trench Fever",203,0.0,"D014205","C01.150.252.400.126.100.800",0,"Description: An intermittent fever characterized by intervals of<br>chills, fever, and splenomegaly each of which may last as long as<br>40 hours. It is caused by BARTONELLA QUINTANA and transmitted by<br>the human louse.",""],["Trichinellosis",4808,0.0,"D014235","C01.610.335.508.100.275.882",0,"Description: An infection with TRICHINELLA. It is caused by<br>eating raw or undercooked meat that is infected with larvae of<br>nematode worms TRICHINELLA genus. All members of the TRICHINELLA<br>genus can infect human in addition to TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS, the<br>traditional etiological agent. It is distributed throughout much<br>of the world and is re-emerging in some parts as a public health<br>hazard and a food safety problem.",""],["Trichuriasis",1594,0.0,"D014257","C01.610.335.508.100.275.895",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus TRICHURIS,<br>formerly called Trichocephalus.",""],["Typhoid Fever",10760,0.0,"D014435","C01.150.252.400.310.821.873",0,"Description: An acute systemic febrile infection caused by<br>SALMONELLA TYPHI, a serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA.",""],["Typhus, Endemic Flea-Borne",740,0.0,"D014437","C01.150.252.400.789.725.800",0,"Description: An infectious disease clinically similar to epidemic<br>louse-borne typhus (TYPHUS, EPIDEMIC LOUSE-BORNE), but caused by<br>RICKETTSIA TYPHI, which is transmitted from rat to man by the rat<br>flea, XENOPSYLLA CHEOPIS.",""],["Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne",2241,0.0,"D014438","C01.150.252.400.789.725.805",0,"Description: The classic form of typhus, caused by RICKETTSIA<br>PROWAZEKII, which is transmitted from man to man by the louse<br>Pediculus humanus corporis. This disease is characterized by the<br>sudden onset of intense headache, malaise, and generalized<br>myalgia followed by the formation of a macular skin eruption and<br>vascular and neurologic disturbances.",""],["Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome",403,0.0,"D014884","C01.150.252.223.500.750.500",0,"Description: A condition of HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS of the<br>ADRENAL GLAND. It is characterized by rapidly developing ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTENSION; and widespread cutaneous PURPURA.",""],["Weil Disease",1114,0.0,"D014895","C01.150.252.400.794.511.739",0,"Description: A severe form of LEPTOSPIROSIS, usually caused by<br>LEPTOSPIRA INTERROGANS SEROVAR ICTEROHAEMORRHAGIAE and<br>occasionally other serovars. It is transmitted to humans by the<br>rat and is characterized by hemorrhagic and renal symptoms with<br>accompanying JAUNDICE.",""],["Yaws",825,0.0,"D015001","C01.150.252.400.794.840.750",0,"Description: A systemic non-venereal infection of the tropics<br>caused by TREPONEMA PALLIDUM subspecies pertenue.",""],["Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infections",902,0.0,"D015012","C01.150.252.400.310.980.780",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the species YERSINIA<br>PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic",1663,0.0,"D015493","C01.925.782.815.200.470.710",0,"Description: A subacute paralytic myeloneuropathy occurring<br>endemically in tropical areas such as the Caribbean, Colombia,<br>India, and Africa, as well as in the southwestern region of<br>Japan; associated with infection by HUMAN T-CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS<br>I. Clinical manifestations include a slowly progressive spastic<br>weakness of the legs, increased reflexes, Babinski signs,<br>incontinence, and loss of vibratory and position sensation. On<br>pathologic examination inflammatory, demyelination, and necrotic<br>lesions may be found in the spinal cord. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1239)",""],["AIDS Dementia Complex",3529,0.0,"D015526","C01.925.782.815.616.400.049",0,"Description: A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED<br>IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired<br>concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA,<br>incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1<br>viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic<br>examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction,<br>perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and<br>multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr<br>6;332(14):934-40)",""],["Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome",914,0.0,"D016262","C01.925.782.687.359.764.650",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular<br>symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability<br>has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic<br>poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness<br>and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and<br>muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint<br>pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow<br>progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci<br>1995 May 25;753:68-80)",""],["AIDS-Associated Nephropathy",827,0.0,"D016263","C01.925.782.815.616.400.050",0,"Description: Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-<br>infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe<br>proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with<br>distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys,<br>and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct<br>from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of<br>kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.",""],["Herpes Zoster Oticus",524,0.0,"D016697","C01.925.256.466.930.750.733",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by facial palsy in<br>association with a herpetic eruption of the external auditory<br>meatus. This may occasionally be associated with tinnitus,<br>vertigo, deafness, severe otalgia, and inflammation of the pinna.<br>The condition is caused by reactivation of a latent HERPESVIRUS<br>3, HUMAN infection which causes inflammation of the facial and<br>vestibular nerves, and may occasionally involve additional<br>cranial nerves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p757)",""],["Feline Infectious Peritonitis",405,0.0,"D016766","C01.925.782.600.550.200.360",0,"Description: Common coronavirus infection of cats caused by the<br>feline infectious peritonitis virus (CORONAVIRUS, FELINE). The<br>disease is characterized by a long incubation period, fever,<br>depression, loss of appetite, wasting, and progressive abdominal<br>enlargement. Infection of cells of the monocyte-macrophage<br>lineage appears to be essential in FIP pathogenesis.",""],["Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous",136,0.0,"D016774","C01.610.752.300.500.400.350",0,"Description: A form of LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS caused by<br>Leishmania aethiopica in Ethiopia and Kenya, L. pifanoi in<br>Venezuela, L. braziliensis in South America, and L. mexicana in<br>Central America. This disease is characterized by massive<br>dissemination of skin lesions without visceral involvement.",""],["Angiomatosis, Bacillary",451,0.0,"D016917","C01.150.252.400.126.100.075",0,"Description: A reactive vascular proliferation that is<br>characterized by the multiple tumor-like lesions in skin, bone,<br>brain, and other organs. Bacillary angiomatosis is caused by<br>infection with gram-negative Bartonella bacilli (such as<br>BARTONELLA HENSELAE), and is often seen in AIDS patients and<br>other IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS.",""],["AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections",17184,0.1,"D017088","C01.925.782.815.616.400.100",0,"Description: Opportunistic infections found in patients who test<br>positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common<br>include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma,<br>cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis,<br>and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium,<br>and Cytomegalovirus.",""],["Anisakiasis",769,0.0,"D017129","C01.610.335.508.700.100.060",0,"Description: Infection with roundworms of the genus ANISAKIS.<br>Human infection results from the consumption of fish harboring<br>roundworm larvae. The worms may cause acute NAUSEA; VOMITING; or<br>penetrate into the wall of the DIGESTIVE TRACT where they give<br>rise to EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA in the STOMACH; INTESTINES; or the<br>OMENTUM.",""],["Toxascariasis",32,0.0,"D017227","C01.610.335.508.700.100.850",0,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the genus TOXASCARIS.",""],["Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections",8007,0.0,"D018357","C01.925.782.580.600.550.750",0,"Description: Pneumovirus infections caused by the RESPIRATORY<br>SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES. Humans and cattle are most affected but<br>infections in goats and sheep have been reported.",""],["HIV Enteropathy",108,0.0,"D019053","C01.925.782.815.616.400.398",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-<br>established DIARRHEA (greater than one month in duration) without<br>an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an<br>HIV-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or<br>indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. HIV enteropathy is<br>a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms<br>of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles<br>of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus<br>Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155)",""],["HIV Wasting Syndrome",436,0.0,"D019247","C01.925.782.815.616.400.520",0,"Description: Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent<br>associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic<br>diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a<br>defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is<br>major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A<br>variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to<br>this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,<br>13th ed, p1611).",""],["Severe Dengue",1609,0.0,"D019595","C01.925.782.350.250.214.200",0,"Description: A virulent form of dengue characterized by<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA and an increase in vascular permeability (grades<br>I and II) and distinguished by a positive pain test (e.g.,<br>TOURNIQUET PAIN TEST). When accompanied by SHOCK (grades III and<br>IV), it is called dengue shock syndrome.",""],["Neurocysticercosis",2445,0.0,"D020019","C01.610.335.190.902.185.550",0,"Description: Infection of the brain, spinal cord, or<br>perimeningeal structures with the larval forms of the genus<br>TAENIA (primarily T. solium in humans). Lesions formed by the<br>organism are referred to as cysticerci. The infection may be<br>subacute or chronic, and the severity of symptoms depends on the<br>severity of the host immune response and the location and number<br>of lesions. SEIZURES represent the most common clinical<br>manifestation although focal neurologic deficits may occur. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp46-50)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C01.925.782.930.100.370.662",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C01.925.782.930.100.370.162",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Meningitis, Escherichia coli",181,0.0,"D020814","C01.150.252.400.310.330.500",0,"Description: A form of gram-negative meningitis that tends to<br>occur in neonates, in association with anatomical abnormalities<br>(which feature communication between the meninges and cutaneous<br>structures) or as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS in association with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES. In premature neonates the<br>clinical presentation may be limited to ANOREXIA; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; or respiratory distress. Full-term infants may have as<br>additional features FEVER; SEIZURES; and bulging of the anterior<br>fontanelle. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>pp398-400)",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C01.925.782.815.616.400.048",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants",493,0.0,"D029021","C01.925.782.580.600.500.600",0,"Description: A highly fatal contagious disease of goats and sheep<br>caused by PESTE-DES-PETITS-RUMINANTS VIRUS. The disease may be<br>acute or subacute and is characterized by stomatitis,<br>conjunctivitis, diarrhea, and pneumonia.",""],["Zoster Sine Herpete",35,0.0,"D031368","C01.925.256.466.930.750.970",0,"Description: HERPES ZOSTER but without eruption of vesicles.<br>Patients exhibit the characteristic pain minus the skin rash,<br>sometimes making diagnosis difficult.",""],["HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome",1111,0.0,"D039682","C01.925.782.815.616.400.550",0,"Description: Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution<br>in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be<br>multifactorial and probably involves some combination of<br>infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of<br>antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.",""],["Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome",5563,0.0,"D045169","C01.925.782.600.550.200.750",0,"Description: A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry<br>COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties,<br>and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the<br>suspected agent.",""],["Lemierre Syndrome",442,0.0,"D057831","C01.150.252.400.388.350.700",0,"Description: A superinfection of the damaged oropharyngeal mucosa<br>by FUSOBACTERIUM NECROPHORUM leading to the secondary septic<br>THROMBOPHLEBITIS of the internal jugular vein.",""],["Gnathostomiasis",142,0.0,"D058429","C01.610.335.508.700.750.380",0,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the genus GNATHOSTOMA,<br>superfamily THELAZIOIDEA. Gnathostomiasis is a food-borne<br>zoonosis caused by eating undercooked or raw fish or meat.",""],["Chlamydial Pneumonia",54,0.0,"D061387","C01.150.252.400.210.125.123",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with the genus<br>CHLAMYDIA; and CHLAMYDOPHILA, usually with CHLAMYDOPHILA<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Chlamydial Pneumonia",54,0.0,"D061387","C01.150.252.400.210.250.299",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with the genus<br>CHLAMYDIA; and CHLAMYDOPHILA, usually with CHLAMYDOPHILA<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor",127,0.0,"D062688","C01.925.256.650.810.217.500",0,"Description: Exophytic tumor of the anogenital region associated<br>with HPV infections. It becomes a large cauliflower-like,<br>hyperkeratotic, verrucous mass that is locally destructive with<br>little atypical cells. Histologically, tumor cells are broad rete<br>peg structures that tend to invade deeper than CONDYLOMATA<br>ACUMINATA.",""],["Zika Virus Infection",6512,0.0,"D000071243","C01.925.782.350.250.990",0,"Description: A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES<br>mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like<br>symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral<br>infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with<br>congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika<br>Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-<br>BARRE SYNDROME.",""],["Acute Retroviral Syndrome",10,0.0,"D000071297","C01.221.812.640.400.044",0,"Description: Early stage of HIV infection. Symptoms resemble<br>INFLUENZA or INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS.",""],["HIV Infections",321246,1.0,"D015658","C01.925.782.815.616.400",11,"Description: Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency<br>virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity,<br>thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency<br>syndrome (AIDS).",""],["Rickettsia Infections",8826,0.0,"D012282","C01.150.252.400.789.725",5,"Description: Infections by the genus RICKETTSIA.",""],["Post-Lyme Disease Syndrome",49,0.0,"D000077342","C01.150.252.400.536.850",0,"Description: A condition caused by long-lasting and ongoing<br>infection with the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi resulting in<br>progressive inflammatory neurologic, neuromuscular, and<br>dermatologic manifestations including ENCEPHALITIS; MYELITIS;<br>acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans; and ARTHRITIS.",""],["Borrelia Infections",14445,0.0,"D001899","C01.150.252.400.794.352",5,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus BORRELIA.",""],["Tinea cruris",4,0.0,"D000084002","C01.150.703.302.720.745",0,"Description: Fungal infection of the groin. The main causative<br>fungus is TRICHOPHYTON.",""],["Coronavirus Infections",170053,0.5,"D018352","C01.925.782.600.550.200",5,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some<br>specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS,<br>TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and<br>transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS,<br>TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE).",""],["Acinetobacter Infections",4413,0.0,"D000151","C01.150.252.400.560.022",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus ACINETOBACTER.",""],["Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",66900,0.2,"D000163","C01.221.812.640.400.040",0,"Description: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated<br>with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a<br>CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or<br>less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility<br>to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical<br>manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia.<br>These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in<br>1993.",""],["Actinobacillus Infections",1141,0.0,"D000189","C01.150.252.400.700.030",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus<br>ACTINOBACILLUS.",""],["Actinomycosis",7677,0.0,"D000196","C01.150.252.410.040.137",2,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus ACTINOMYCES.",""],["AIDS-Related Complex",1088,0.0,"D000386","C01.221.812.640.400.080",0,"Description: A prodromal phase of infection with the human<br>immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating<br>AIDS-related complex (ARC) from AIDS include elevated or<br>hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to<br>depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS; follicular or<br>mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte<br>degeneration and depletion more typical of AIDS; evolving<br>succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of<br>Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown<br>AIDS.",""],["Anaplasmosis",1692,0.0,"D000712","C01.150.252.400.054.500",0,"Description: A disease usually in cattle caused by parasitization<br>of the red blood cells by bacteria of the genus ANAPLASMA.",""],["Strongylida Infections",12395,0.0,"D017206","C01.610.335.508.700.775",10,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the order STRONGYLIDA.",""],["Anthrax",4155,0.0,"D000881","C01.150.252.410.090.072",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by the spore-forming<br>bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals<br>such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the<br>skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the<br>gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be<br>treated with antibiotics.",""],["Ascaridida Infections",9094,0.0,"D017191","C01.610.335.508.700.100",6,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the order ASCARIDIDA.",""],["Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary",1865,0.0,"D001229","C01.150.703.080.768.500",0,"Description: Hypersensitivity reaction (ALLERGIC REACTION) to<br>fungus ASPERGILLUS in an individual with long-standing BRONCHIAL<br>ASTHMA. It is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates,<br>EOSINOPHILIA, elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and skin<br>reactivity to Aspergillus antigen.",""],["Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary",1865,0.0,"D001229","C01.150.703.534.850.500",0,"Description: Hypersensitivity reaction (ALLERGIC REACTION) to<br>fungus ASPERGILLUS in an individual with long-standing BRONCHIAL<br>ASTHMA. It is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates,<br>EOSINOPHILIA, elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and skin<br>reactivity to Aspergillus antigen.",""],["Bacteroides Infections",1639,0.0,"D001442","C01.150.252.400.110.109",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus BACTEROIDES.",""],["Bartonella Infections",4266,0.0,"D001474","C01.150.252.400.126.100",3,"Description: Infections by the genus BARTONELLA. Bartonella<br>bacilliformis can cause acute febrile anemia, designated Oroya<br>fever, and a benign skin eruption, called verruga peruana.<br>BARTONELLA QUINTANA causes TRENCH FEVER, while BARTONELLA<br>HENSELAE is the etiologic agent of bacillary angiomatosis<br>(ANGIOMATOSIS, BACILLARY) and is also one of the causes of CAT-<br>SCRATCH DISEASE.",""],["Blackwater Fever",156,0.0,"D001742","C01.610.752.530.650.228",0,"Description: A complication of MALARIA, FALCIPARUM characterized<br>by the passage of dark red to black urine.",""],["Border Disease",182,0.0,"D001882","C01.925.782.350.675.100",0,"Description: Congenital disorder of lambs caused by a virus<br>closely related to or identical with certain strains of bovine<br>viral diarrhea virus.",""],["Botulism",3071,0.0,"D001906","C01.150.252.410.222.151",0,"Description: A disease caused by potent protein NEUROTOXINS<br>produced by CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM which interfere with the<br>presynaptic release of ACETYLCHOLINE at the NEUROMUSCULAR<br>JUNCTION. Clinical features include abdominal pain, vomiting,<br>acute PARALYSIS (including respiratory paralysis), blurred<br>vision, and DIPLOPIA. Botulism may be classified into several<br>subtypes (e.g., food-borne, infant, wound, and others). (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1208)",""],["Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease",2009,0.0,"D001912","C01.925.782.350.675.106",0,"Description: Acute disease of cattle caused by the bovine viral<br>diarrhea viruses (DIARRHEA VIRUSES, BOVINE VIRAL). Often mouth<br>ulcerations are the only sign but fever, diarrhea, drop in milk<br>yield, and loss of appetite are also seen. Severity of clinical<br>disease varies and is strain dependent. Outbreaks are<br>characterized by low morbidity and high mortality.",""],["Brucellosis, Bovine",1652,0.0,"D002007","C01.150.252.400.167.322",0,"Description: A disease of cattle caused by bacteria of the genus<br>BRUCELLA leading to abortion in late pregnancy. BRUCELLA ABORTUS<br>is the primary infective agent.",""],["Burkitt Lymphoma",7515,0.0,"D002051","C01.925.256.466.313.165",0,"Description: A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA<br>usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts<br>of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic<br>lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are<br>expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in<br>virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus<br>(HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma<br>cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in<br>these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.",""],["Staphylococcal Skin Infections",4900,0.0,"D013207","C01.150.252.410.868.951",4,"Description: Infections to the skin caused by bacteria of the<br>genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.",""],["Furunculosis",1258,0.0,"D005667","C01.150.252.819.770.270",1,"Description: A persistent skin infection marked by the presence<br>of furuncles, often chronic and recurrent. In humans, the<br>causative agent is various species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS. In salmonid<br>fish (SALMONIDS), the pathogen is AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA.",""],["Carbuncle",307,0.0,"D002270","C01.800.720.770.270.200",0,"Description: An infection of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue<br>that consists of a cluster of boils. Commonly, the causative<br>agent is STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. Carbuncles produce fever,<br>leukocytosis, extreme pain, and prostration.",""],["Chagas Disease",13840,0.0,"D014355","C01.610.752.300.900.200",1,"Description: Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA<br>CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South<br>America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas,<br>who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive<br>serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical<br>manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of<br>PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction<br>of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.",""],["Treponemal Infections",31179,0.1,"D014211","C01.150.252.400.794.840",10,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus TREPONEMA.",""],["Syphilis",29410,0.1,"D013587","C01.150.252.400.840.500",7,"Description: A contagious venereal disease caused by the<br>spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.",""],["Haemophilus Infections",8455,0.0,"D006192","C01.150.252.400.700.433",2,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.",""],["Chickenpox",7057,0.0,"D002644","C01.925.256.466.930.250",0,"Description: A highly contagious infectious disease caused by the<br>varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). It usually affects<br>children, is spread by direct contact or respiratory route via<br>droplet nuclei, and is characterized by the appearance on the<br>skin and mucous membranes of successive crops of typical pruritic<br>vesicular lesions that are easily broken and become scabbed.<br>Chickenpox is relatively benign in children, but may be<br>complicated by pneumonia and encephalitis in adults. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Chlamydia Infections",20785,0.1,"D002690","C01.150.252.400.210.125",4,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.",""],["Cholera",8194,0.0,"D002771","C01.150.252.400.959.347",0,"Description: An acute diarrheal disease endemic in India and<br>Southeast Asia whose causative agent is VIBRIO CHOLERAE. This<br>condition can lead to severe dehydration in a matter of hours<br>unless quickly treated.",""],["Condylomata Acuminata",4532,0.0,"D003218","C01.925.256.650.810.217",1,"Description: Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth<br>caused by the human papillomaviruses.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",201,0.0,"D003232","C01.925.782.687.359.201",0,"Description: A highly contagious disease characterized by<br>subconjunctival hemorrhage, sudden swelling of the eyelids and<br>congestion, redness, and pain in the eye. Epidemic conjunctivitis<br>caused by Enterovirus 70 (EV-70) was first described in Africa in<br>1969. It is caused also by Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v).<br>Epidemics by this organism have appeared most frequently in Asia.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Inclusion",540,0.0,"D003235","C01.150.252.289.225.250",0,"Description: An infection of the eyes characterized by the<br>presence in conjunctival epithelial cells of inclusion bodies<br>indistinguishable from those of trachoma. It is acquired by<br>infants during birth and by adults from swimming pools. The<br>etiological agent is CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS whose natural habitat<br>appears to be the genito-urinary tract. Inclusion conjunctivitis<br>is a less severe disease than trachoma and usually clears up<br>spontaneously.",""],["Corynebacterium Infections",8127,0.0,"D003354","C01.150.252.410.040.246",2,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus<br>CORYNEBACTERIUM.",""],["Coxsackievirus Infections",6485,0.0,"D003384","C01.925.782.687.359.213",3,"Description: A heterogeneous group of infections produced by<br>coxsackieviruses, including HERPANGINA, aseptic meningitis<br>(MENINGITIS, ASEPTIC), a common-cold-like syndrome, a non-<br>paralytic poliomyelitis-like syndrome, epidemic pleurodynia<br>(PLEURODYNIA, EPIDEMIC) and a serious MYOCARDITIS.",""],["Cysticercosis",6827,0.0,"D003551","C01.610.335.190.902.185",1,"Description: Infection with CYSTICERCUS, the larval form of the<br>various tapeworms of the genus Taenia (usually T. solium in man).<br>In humans they penetrate the intestinal wall and invade<br>subcutaneous tissue, brain, eye, muscle, heart, liver, lung, and<br>peritoneum. Brain involvement results in NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS.",""],["Dengue",15551,0.0,"D003715","C01.925.782.350.250.214",1,"Description: An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of<br>AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting<br>and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE<br>DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.",""],["Spirurida Infections",18146,0.1,"D017205","C01.610.335.508.700.750",12,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the order SPIRURIDA.",""],["Morbillivirus Infections",17827,0.1,"D018185","C01.925.782.580.600.500",5,"Description: Infections with viruses of the genus MORBILLIVIRUS,<br>family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. Infections mainly cause acute disease in<br>their hosts, although in some cases infection is persistent and<br>leads to degenerative conditions.",""],["Dourine",58,0.0,"D004313","C01.610.752.300.900.226",0,"Description: A disease of horses and donkeys caused by<br>Trypanosoma equiperdum. The disease occurs in Africa, the<br>Americas, and Asia.",""],["Dysentery, Bacillary",6822,0.0,"D004405","C01.150.252.400.310.229",0,"Description: DYSENTERY caused by gram-negative rod-shaped enteric<br>bacteria (ENTEROBACTERIACEAE), most often by the genus SHIGELLA.<br>Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups<br>according to syndrome severity and the infectious species. Group<br>A: SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE (severest); Group B: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI;<br>Group C: SHIGELLA BOYDII; and Group D: SHIGELLA SONNEI (mildest).",""],["Echinococcosis, Hepatic",5658,0.0,"D004444","C01.610.335.190.396.314",0,"Description: Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic<br>tapeworms of the genus ECHINOCOCCUS, such as Echinococcus<br>granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis. Ingested Echinococcus<br>ova burrow into the intestinal mucosa. The larval migration to<br>the liver via the PORTAL VEIN leads to watery vesicles (HYDATID<br>CYST).",""],["Echinococcosis, Pulmonary",2378,0.0,"D004445","C01.610.335.190.396.480",0,"Description: Helminth infection of the lung caused by<br>Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis.",""],["Echovirus Infections",1026,0.0,"D004457","C01.925.782.687.359.347",1,"Description: Infectious disease processes, including meningitis,<br>diarrhea, and respiratory disorders, caused by echoviruses.",""],["Ecthyma",364,0.0,"D004473","C01.150.252.410.890.168",0,"Description: An ulcerative pyoderma usually caused by group A<br>beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection at the site of minor<br>trauma. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C01.207.245.340.300.200",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C01.207.399.750.300.200",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C01.925.182.525.300.200",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C01.207.245.340.300.400",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C01.207.399.750.300.400",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C01.925.182.525.300.250",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C01.925.782.350.250.300",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C01.207.245.340.300.550",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C01.207.399.750.300.550",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C01.925.182.525.300.300",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C01.925.782.350.250.450",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C01.207.245.340.300.775",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C01.207.399.750.300.775",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C01.925.182.525.300.350",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C01.925.782.350.250.500",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Enzootic Porcine",79,0.0,"D004682","C01.925.782.687.359.456",0,"Description: A picornavirus infection producing symptoms similar<br>to poliomyelitis in pigs.",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C01.925.782.930.100.370",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C01.207.245.340.450.600",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C01.207.399.750.450.600",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C01.920.500.078.370.325",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C01.920.500.343.655.355",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C01.925.081.343.655.355",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C01.925.182.525.450.250",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial",1942,0.0,"D004698","C01.150.252.410.890.335",0,"Description: ENDOCARDIUM infection that is usually caused by<br>STREPTOCOCCUS. Subacute infective endocarditis evolves over weeks<br>and months with modest toxicity and rare metastatic infection.",""],["Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous",6959,0.0,"D004761","C01.150.252.410.222.310",0,"Description: An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that<br>is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in<br>the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE<br>INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated<br>with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization.",""],["Enterotoxemia",214,0.0,"D004767","C01.150.252.410.222.325",0,"Description: Disease caused by the liberation of exotoxins of<br>CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS in the intestines of sheep, goats,<br>cattle, foals, and piglets. Type B enterotoxemia in lambs is lamb<br>dysentery; type C enterotoxemia in mature sheep produces<br>\"struck\", and in calves, lambs and piglets it produces<br>hemorrhagic enterotoxemia; type D enterotoxemia in sheep and<br>goats is pulpy-kidney disease or overeating disease.",""],["Ephemeral Fever",217,0.0,"D004810","C01.925.782.580.830.375",0,"Description: An Ephemerovirus infection of cattle caused by<br>bovine ephemeral fever virus (EPHEMERAL FEVER VIRUS, BOVINE). It<br>is characterized by respiratory symptoms, increased oropharyngeal<br>secretions and lacrimation, joint pains, tremor, and stiffness.",""],["Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis",498,0.0,"D004819","C01.925.256.650.810.345",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive trait with impaired cell-<br>mediated immunity. About 15 human papillomaviruses are implicated<br>in associated infection, four of which lead to skin neoplasms.<br>The disease begins in childhood with red papules and later<br>spreads over the body as gray or yellow scales.",""],["Equine Infectious Anemia",568,0.0,"D004859","C01.925.782.815.616.300",0,"Description: Viral disease of horses caused by the equine<br>infectious anemia virus (EIAV; INFECTIOUS ANEMIA VIRUS, EQUINE).<br>It is characterized by intermittent fever, weakness, and anemia.<br>Chronic infection consists of acute episodes with remissions.",""],["Erysipelas",1181,0.0,"D004886","C01.150.252.410.890.503",0,"Description: An acute infection of the skin caused by species of<br>STREPTOCOCCUS. This disease most frequently affects infants,<br>young children, and the elderly. Characteristics include pink-to-<br>red lesions that spread rapidly and are warm to the touch. The<br>commonest site of involvement is the face.",""],["Erysipeloid",361,0.0,"D004887","C01.150.252.410.334.329",0,"Description: An infection caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae<br>that is almost wholly restricted to persons who in their<br>occupation handle infected fish, shellfish, poultry, or meat.<br>Three forms of this condition exist: a mild localized form<br>manifested by local swelling and redness of the skin; a diffuse<br>form that might present with fever; and a rare systemic form<br>associated with endocarditis.",""],["Erythema Induratum",242,0.0,"D004891","C01.150.252.819.820.260",0,"Description: A type of panniculitis characterized histologically<br>by the presence of granulomas, vasculitis, and necrosis. It is<br>traditionally considered to be the tuberculous counterpart of<br>nodular vasculitis, but is now known to occur without tuberculous<br>precedent. It is seen most commonly in adolescent and menopausal<br>women, is initiated or exacerbated by cold weather, and typically<br>presents as one or more recurrent erythrocyanotic nodules or<br>plaques on the calves. The nodules may progress to form<br>indurations, ulcerations, and scars.",""],["Escherichia coli Infections",25213,0.1,"D004927","C01.150.252.400.310.330",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA<br>COLI.",""],["Exanthema Subitum",381,0.0,"D005077","C01.925.256.466.850.290",0,"Description: An acute, short-lived, viral disease of infants and<br>young children characterized by a high fever at onset that drops<br>to normal after 3-4 days and the concomitant appearance of a<br>macular or maculopapular rash that appears first on the trunk and<br>then spreads to other areas. It is the sixth of the classical<br>exanthematous diseases and is caused by HHV-6; (HERPESVIRUS 6,<br>HUMAN). (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Fusobacterium Infections",2619,0.0,"D005674","C01.150.252.400.388.350",2,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus FUSOBACTERIUM.",""],["Gas Gangrene",1991,0.0,"D005738","C01.150.252.410.222.440",0,"Description: A severe condition resulting from bacteria invading<br>healthy muscle from adjacent traumatized muscle or soft tissue.<br>The infection originates in a wound contaminated with bacteria of<br>the genus CLOSTRIDIUM. C. perfringens accounts for the majority<br>of cases (over eighty percent), while C. noyvi, C. septicum, and<br>C. histolyticum cause most of the other cases.",""],["Glanders",278,0.0,"D005896","C01.150.252.400.170.400",0,"Description: A contagious disease of horses that can be<br>transmitted to humans. It is caused by BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI and<br>characterized by ulceration of the respiratory mucosa and an<br>eruption of nodules on the skin.",""],["Gonorrhea",12243,0.0,"D006069","C01.150.252.400.625.275",0,"Description: Acute infectious disease characterized by primary<br>invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA<br>GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.",""],["Granuloma Inguinale",548,0.0,"D006100","C01.150.252.400.310.417",0,"Description: Anogenital ulcers caused by Calymmatobacterium<br>granulomatis as distinguished from lymphogranuloma inguinale (see<br>LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM) caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.<br>Diagnosis is made by demonstration of typical intracellular<br>Donovan bodies in crushed-tissue smears.",""],["Ehrlichiosis",2743,0.0,"D016873","C01.150.252.400.054.750",1,"Description: A tick-borne disease characterized by FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; myalgias; ANOREXIA; and occasionally RASH. It is caused<br>by several bacterial species and can produce disease in DOGS;<br>CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; HORSES; and humans. The primary species<br>causing human disease are EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS; ANAPLASMA<br>PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; and Ehrlichia ewingii.",""],["Heartwater Disease",405,0.0,"D006357","C01.150.252.400.285.500",0,"Description: A tick-borne septicemic disease of domestic and wild<br>ruminants caused by EHRLICHIA RUMINANTIUM.",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome",2830,0.0,"D006480","C01.925.782.147.420.400",0,"Description: An acute febrile disease occurring predominately in<br>Asia. It is characterized by fever, prostration, vomiting,<br>hemorrhagic phenonema, shock, and renal failure. It is caused by<br>any one of several closely related species of the genus<br>Hantavirus. The most severe form is caused by HANTAAN VIRUS whose<br>natural host is the rodent Apodemus agrarius. Milder forms are<br>caused by SEOUL VIRUS and transmitted by the rodents Rattus<br>rattus and R. norvegicus, and the PUUMALA VIRUS with transmission<br>by Clethrionomys galreolus.",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Omsk",26,0.0,"D006481","C01.925.782.350.250.560",0,"Description: Infection with the Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, a<br>Flavivirus.",""],["Pasteurella Infections",3900,0.0,"D010326","C01.150.252.400.700.662",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus PASTEURELLA.",""],["Hepatitis A",17991,0.1,"D006506","C01.925.782.687.359.500",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a<br>member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can<br>be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water.",""],["Herpes Genitalis",4314,0.0,"D006558","C01.925.256.466.382.290",0,"Description: Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES<br>SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.",""],["Herpes Labialis",856,0.0,"D006560","C01.925.256.466.382.316",0,"Description: Herpes simplex, caused by type 1 virus, primarily<br>spread by oral secretions and usually occurring as a concomitant<br>of fever. It may also develop in the absence of fever or prior<br>illness. It commonly involves the facial region, especially the<br>lips and the nares. (Dorland, 27th ed.)",""],["Herpes Zoster",11837,0.0,"D006562","C01.925.256.466.930.750",3,"Description: An acute infectious, usually self-limited, disease<br>believed to represent activation of latent varicella-zoster virus<br>(HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN) in those who have been rendered partially<br>immune after a previous attack of CHICKENPOX. It involves the<br>SENSORY GANGLIA and their areas of innervation and is<br>characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of<br>the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area.<br>(From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["HIV Seropositivity",15688,0.0,"D006679","C01.221.812.640.400.500",0,"Description: Development of neutralizing antibodies in<br>individuals who have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency<br>virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV).",""],["Classical Swine Fever",1766,0.0,"D006691","C01.925.782.350.675.200",0,"Description: An acute, highly contagious disease affecting swine<br>of all ages and caused by the CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER VIRUS. It has<br>a sudden onset with high morbidity and mortality.",""],["Hypodermyiasis",334,0.0,"D007000","C01.610.858.211.503.398",0,"Description: Infestation with larvae of the genus Hypoderma, the<br>warble fly.",""],["Impetigo",1026,0.0,"D007169","C01.150.252.410.890.587",0,"Description: A common superficial bacterial infection caused by<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.<br>Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and<br>discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a<br>crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially<br>about the mouth and nose.",""],["Impetigo",1026,0.0,"D007169","C01.150.252.819.770.360",0,"Description: A common superficial bacterial infection caused by<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.<br>Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and<br>discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a<br>crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially<br>about the mouth and nose.",""],["Infectious Mononucleosis",6053,0.0,"D007244","C01.925.256.466.313.400",0,"Description: A common, acute infection usually caused by the<br>Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN). There is an increase<br>in mononuclear white blood cells and other atypical lymphocytes,<br>generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and occasionally<br>hepatomegaly with hepatitis.",""],["Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption",633,0.0,"D007617","C01.925.256.466.382.410",0,"Description: A disseminated vesicular-pustular eruption caused by<br>the herpes simplex virus (HERPESVIRUS HOMINIS), the VACCINIA<br>VIRUS, or Varicella zoster (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). It is usually<br>superimposed on a preexisting, inactive or active, atopic<br>dermatitis (DERMATITIS, ATOPIC).",""],["Keratitis, Herpetic",3822,0.0,"D016849","C01.925.256.466.382.465",1,"Description: A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis<br>infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small<br>vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic<br>ulcers (KERATITIS, DENDRITIC). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d<br>ed)",""],["Klebsiella Infections",7929,0.0,"D007710","C01.150.252.400.310.503",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA.",""],["Kyasanur Forest Disease",106,0.0,"D007733","C01.925.782.350.250.635",0,"Description: Tick-borne flavivirus infection occurring in the<br>Kyasanur Forest in India.",""],["Larva Migrans, Visceral",670,0.0,"D007816","C01.610.335.508.523.780",0,"Description: A condition produced in man by the prolonged<br>migration of animal nematode larvae in extraintestinal tissues<br>other than skin; characterized by persistent hypereosinophilia,<br>hepatomegaly, and frequently pneumonitis, commonly caused by<br>Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati.",""],["Legionnaires' Disease",4674,0.0,"D007877","C01.150.252.400.500.501",0,"Description: An acute, sometimes fatal, pneumonia-like bacterial<br>infection characterized by high fever, malaise, muscle aches,<br>respiratory disorders and headache. It is named for an outbreak<br>at the 1976 Philadelphia convention of the American Legion.",""],["Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous",8987,0.0,"D016773","C01.610.752.300.500.400",2,"Description: An endemic disease that is characterized by the<br>development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed<br>areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been<br>divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is<br>separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and<br>clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L.<br>tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the<br>L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American<br>leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused<br>by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.",""],["Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous",1150,0.0,"D007897","C01.610.858.560.400.385",0,"Description: A disease characterized by the chronic, progressive<br>spread of lesions from New World cutaneous leishmaniasis caused<br>by species of the L. braziliensis complex to the nasal,<br>pharyngeal, and buccal mucosa some time after the appearance of<br>the initial cutaneous lesion. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis are<br>frequent presenting symptoms.",""],["Leishmaniasis, Visceral",10821,0.0,"D007898","C01.610.752.300.500.510",0,"Description: A chronic disease caused by LEISHMANIA DONOVANI and<br>transmitted by the bite of several sandflies of the genera<br>Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. It is commonly characterized by fever,<br>chills, vomiting, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia,<br>hypergammaglobulinemia, emaciation, and an earth-gray color of<br>the skin. The disease is classified into three main types<br>according to geographic distribution: Indian, Mediterranean (or<br>infantile), and African.",""],["Mycobacterium Infections",291607,0.9,"D009164","C01.150.252.410.040.552",43,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus MYCOBACTERIUM.",""],["Leptospirosis",9579,0.0,"D007922","C01.150.252.400.794.511",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus LEPTOSPIRA.",""],["Liver Abscess, Amebic",2838,0.0,"D008101","C01.830.025.020.455.460",0,"Description: Single or multiple areas of PUS due to infection by<br>any ameboid protozoa (AMEBIASIS). A common form is caused by the<br>ingestion of ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA.",""],["Louping Ill",86,0.0,"D008146","C01.925.782.350.250.650",0,"Description: An acute tick-borne arbovirus infection causing<br>meningoencephalomyelitis of sheep.",""],["Lupus Vulgaris",1496,0.0,"D008177","C01.150.252.819.820.470",0,"Description: A form of cutaneous tuberculosis. It is seen<br>predominantly in women and typically involves the NASAL MUCOSA;<br>BUCCAL MUCOSA; and conjunctival mucosa.",""],["Lymphogranuloma Venereum",1510,0.0,"D008219","C01.150.252.734.301.490",0,"Description: Subacute inflammation of the inguinal lymph glands<br>caused by certain immunotypes of CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. It is a<br>sexually transmitted disease in the U.S. but is more widespread<br>in developing countries. It is distinguished from granuloma<br>venereum (see GRANULOMA INGUINALE), which is caused by<br>Calymmatobacterium granulomatis.",""],["Lymphogranuloma Venereum",1510,0.0,"D008219","C01.221.812.281.301.490",0,"Description: Subacute inflammation of the inguinal lymph glands<br>caused by certain immunotypes of CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. It is a<br>sexually transmitted disease in the U.S. but is more widespread<br>in developing countries. It is distinguished from granuloma<br>venereum (see GRANULOMA INGUINALE), which is caused by<br>Calymmatobacterium granulomatis.",""],["Nocardia Infections",5810,0.0,"D009617","C01.150.252.410.040.692",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus NOCARDIA.",""],["Marburg Virus Disease",467,0.0,"D008379","C01.925.782.580.250.500",0,"Description: An RNA virus infection of rhesus, vervet, and<br>squirrel monkeys transmissible to man.",""],["Melioidosis",2512,0.0,"D008554","C01.150.252.400.170.531",0,"Description: A disease of humans and animals that resembles<br>GLANDERS. It is caused by BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI and may range<br>from a dormant infection to a condition that causes multiple<br>abscesses, pneumonia, and bacteremia.",""],["Meningitis, Haemophilus",1618,0.0,"D008583","C01.150.252.223.500.425",0,"Description: Infections of the nervous system caused by bacteria<br>of the genus HAEMOPHILUS, and marked by prominent inflammation of<br>the MENINGES. HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B is the most common<br>causative organism. The condition primarily affects children<br>under 6 years of age but may occur in adults.",""],["Meningitis, Listeria",692,0.0,"D008584","C01.150.252.223.500.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the meninges caused by LISTERIA<br>MONOCYTOGENES infection, usually occurring in individuals under<br>the age of 3 years or over the age of 50 years. It may occur at<br>any age in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES.<br>Clinical manifestations include FEVER, altered mentation,<br>HEADACHE, meningeal signs, focal neurologic signs, and SEIZURES.<br>(From Medicine 1998 Sep;77(5):313-36)",""],["Meningitis, Listeria",692,0.0,"D008584","C01.150.252.410.514.533",0,"Description: Inflammation of the meninges caused by LISTERIA<br>MONOCYTOGENES infection, usually occurring in individuals under<br>the age of 3 years or over the age of 50 years. It may occur at<br>any age in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES.<br>Clinical manifestations include FEVER, altered mentation,<br>HEADACHE, meningeal signs, focal neurologic signs, and SEIZURES.<br>(From Medicine 1998 Sep;77(5):313-36)",""],["Meningitis, Meningococcal",4703,0.0,"D008585","C01.150.252.223.500.750",1,"Description: A fulminant infection of the meninges and<br>subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS,<br>producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous<br>thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal<br>rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor,<br>focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism<br>is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a<br>leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults.<br>Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and<br>W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr<br>1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)",""],["Meningococcal Infections",11276,0.0,"D008589","C01.150.252.400.625.549",2,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the species NEISSERIA<br>MENINGITIDIS.",""],["Meningitis, Pneumococcal",2777,0.0,"D008586","C01.150.252.223.500.875",0,"Description: An acute purulent infection of the meninges and<br>subarachnoid space caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, most<br>prevalent in children and adults over the age of 60. This illness<br>may be associated with OTITIS MEDIA; MASTOIDITIS; SINUSITIS;<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; sickle cell disease (ANEMIA, SICKLE<br>CELL); skull fractures; and other disorders. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; neck stiffness; and<br>somnolence followed by SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits<br>(notably DEAFNESS); and COMA. (From Miller et al., Merritt's<br>Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p111)",""],["Pneumococcal Infections",20256,0.1,"D011008","C01.150.252.410.890.670",2,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the species<br>STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Rubulavirus Infections",4103,0.0,"D019351","C01.925.782.580.600.680",1,"Description: Infections with viruses of the genus RUBULAVIRUS,<br>family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE.",""],["Mycoplasma Infections",12164,0.0,"D009175","C01.150.252.400.610.610",2,"Description: Infections with species of the genus MYCOPLASMA.",""],["Avulavirus Infections",2844,0.0,"D045463","C01.925.782.580.600.080",1,"Description: Infections with viruses of the genus AVULAVIRUS,<br>family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. This includes NEWCASTLE DISEASE and other<br>infections of domestic fowl.",""],["Ophthalmia Neonatorum",573,0.0,"D009878","C01.150.252.289.225.625",0,"Description: Acute conjunctival inflammation in the newborn,<br>usually caused by maternal gonococcal infection. The causative<br>agent is NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE. The baby's eyes are contaminated<br>during passage through the birth canal.",""],["Ophthalmia Neonatorum",573,0.0,"D009878","C01.150.252.400.625.774",0,"Description: Acute conjunctival inflammation in the newborn,<br>usually caused by maternal gonococcal infection. The causative<br>agent is NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE. The baby's eyes are contaminated<br>during passage through the birth canal.",""],["Chlamydophila Infections",3964,0.0,"D023521","C01.150.252.400.210.250",2,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDOPHILA.",""],["Oxyurida Infections",2045,0.0,"D017194","C01.610.335.508.700.550",2,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the order OXYURIDA.",""],["Panophthalmitis",280,0.0,"D010202","C01.150.252.289.900.675",0,"Description: Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with<br>necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the cornea) and extension<br>of the inflammation into the orbit. Pain may be severe and the<br>globe may rupture. In endophthalmitis the globe does not rupture.",""],["Panophthalmitis",280,0.0,"D010202","C01.150.703.320.900.675",0,"Description: Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with<br>necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the cornea) and extension<br>of the inflammation into the orbit. Pain may be severe and the<br>globe may rupture. In endophthalmitis the globe does not rupture.",""],["Respirovirus Infections",2178,0.0,"D010253","C01.925.782.580.600.600",1,"Description: Infections with viruses of the genus RESPIROVIRUS,<br>family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. Host cell infection occurs by adsorption,<br>via HEMAGGLUTININ, to the cell surface.",""],["Salmonella Infections",35544,0.1,"D012480","C01.150.252.400.310.821",4,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA.",""],["Pinta",138,0.0,"D010874","C01.150.252.400.840.250",0,"Description: An infectious disease of the skin caused by<br>Treponema carateum that occurs only in the western hemisphere.<br>Age of onset is between 10 and 20 years of age. This condition is<br>characterized by marked changes in the skin color and is believed<br>to be transmitted by direct person-to-person contact.",""],["Yersinia Infections",8861,0.0,"D015009","C01.150.252.400.310.980",2,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus YERSINIA.",""],["Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep",363,0.0,"D011021","C01.925.782.815.616.660",0,"Description: Chronic respiratory disease caused by the VISNA-<br>MAEDI VIRUS. It was formerly believed to be identical with<br>jaagsiekte (PULMONARY ADENOMATOSIS, OVINE) but is now recognized<br>as a separate entity.",""],["Pneumonia, Rickettsial",61,0.0,"D011022","C01.150.252.400.789.600",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infection with bacteria of the<br>family RICKETTSIACEAE.",""],["Pneumonia, Staphylococcal",1636,0.0,"D011023","C01.150.252.410.868.675",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the<br>genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.",""],["Poliomyelitis",20433,0.1,"D011051","C01.925.782.687.359.764",2,"Description: An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly<br>children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus<br>(POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the<br>gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often<br>asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal<br>cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis,<br>coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are<br>primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus<br>replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant<br>neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related<br>condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from<br>infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)",""],["Proteus Infections",1609,0.0,"D011512","C01.150.252.400.310.708",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus PROTEUS.",""],["Rabies",10735,0.0,"D011818","C01.925.782.580.830.750",0,"Description: Acute VIRAL CNS INFECTION affecting mammals,<br>including humans. It is caused by RABIES VIRUS and usually spread<br>by contamination with virus-laden saliva of bites inflicted by<br>rabid animals. Important animal vectors include the dog, cat,<br>bat, fox, raccoon, skunk, and wolf.",""],["Rheumatic Fever",19435,0.1,"D012213","C01.150.252.410.890.731",1,"Description: A febrile disease occurring as a delayed sequela of<br>infections with STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES. It is characterized by<br>multiple focal inflammatory lesions of the connective tissue<br>structures, such as the heart, blood vessels, and joints<br>(POLYARTHRITIS) and brain, and by the presence of ASCHOFF BODIES<br>in the myocardium and skin.",""],["Rubella",7288,0.0,"D012409","C01.925.782.930.700.700",1,"Description: An acute infectious disease caused by the RUBELLA<br>VIRUS. The virus enters the respiratory tract via airborne<br>droplet and spreads to the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM.",""],["Scabies",3715,0.0,"D012532","C01.610.858.211.480.708",0,"Description: A contagious cutaneous inflammation caused by the<br>bite of the mite SARCOPTES SCABIEI. It is characterized by<br>pruritic papular eruptions and burrows and affects primarily the<br>axillae, elbows, wrists, and genitalia, although it can spread to<br>cover the entire body.",""],["Scarlet Fever",1763,0.0,"D012541","C01.150.252.410.890.823",0,"Description: Infection with group A streptococci that is<br>characterized by tonsillitis and pharyngitis. An erythematous<br>rash is commonly present.",""],["Schistosomiasis haematobia",2506,0.0,"D012553","C01.610.335.865.859.427",0,"Description: A human disease caused by the infection of parasitic<br>worms SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM. It is endemic in AFRICA and parts<br>of the MIDDLE EAST. Tissue damages most often occur in the<br>URINARY TRACT, specifically the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Schistosomiasis japonica",2339,0.0,"D012554","C01.610.335.865.859.521",0,"Description: Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum. It<br>is endemic in the Far East and affects the bowel, liver, and<br>spleen.",""],["Schistosomiasis mansoni",6111,0.0,"D012555","C01.610.335.865.859.576",0,"Description: Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni. It is<br>endemic in Africa, the Middle East, South America, and the<br>Caribbean and affects mainly the bowel, spleen, and liver.",""],["Screw Worm Infection",186,0.0,"D012610","C01.610.858.211.503.744",0,"Description: Infection with larvae of the blow fly Cochliomyia<br>hominivorax (Callitroga americanum), a common cause of disease in<br>livestock in the southern and southwestern U.S.A.",""],["Scrub Typhus",2159,0.0,"D012612","C01.150.252.400.789.850",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease caused by ORIENTIA<br>TSUTSUGAMUSHI. It is limited to eastern and southeastern Asia,<br>India, northern Australia, and the adjacent islands.<br>Characteristics include the formation of a primary cutaneous<br>lesion at the site of the bite of an infected mite, fever lasting<br>about two weeks, and a maculopapular rash.",""],["Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic",335,0.0,"D012766","C01.150.252.400.700.675",0,"Description: Bovine respiratory disease found in animals that<br>have been shipped or exposed to CATTLE recently transported. The<br>major agent responsible for the disease is MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA<br>and less commonly, PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA or HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS.<br>All three agents are normal inhabitants of the bovine nasal<br>pharyngeal mucosa but not the LUNG. They are considered<br>opportunistic pathogens following STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL and/or a<br>viral infection. The resulting bacterial fibrinous<br>BRONCHOPNEUMONIA is often fatal.",""],["Sparganosis",560,0.0,"D013031","C01.610.335.190.304.780",0,"Description: Infection of animals, including fish and man, with a<br>developmental stage of Diphyllobothrium. This stage has recently<br>been referred to as a plerocercoid but the name sparganum has<br>persisted. Therefore, infection of fish or other animals with the<br>plerocercoid larvae is sparganosis. Fish-eating mammals,<br>including man, are the final hosts.",""],["Staphylococcal Food Poisoning",403,0.0,"D013202","C01.150.252.410.868.806",0,"Description: Poisoning by staphylococcal toxins present in<br>contaminated food.",""],["Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome",383,0.0,"D013206","C01.150.252.819.770.770",0,"Description: A disease of infants due to group 2 phage type 17<br>staphylococci that produce an epidermolytic exotoxin. Superficial<br>fine vesicles and bullae form and rupture easily, resulting in<br>loss of large sheets of epidermis.",""],["Stomatitis, Herpetic",587,0.0,"D013283","C01.925.256.466.382.834",0,"Description: Stomatitis caused by Herpesvirus hominis. It usually<br>occurs as acute herpetic stomatitis (or gingivostomatitis), an<br>oral manifestation of primary herpes simplex seen primarily in<br>children and adolescents.",""],["Rhabditida Infections",3905,0.0,"D017196","C01.610.335.508.700.700",1,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the order RHABDITIDA.",""],["Swine Erysipelas",205,0.0,"D013554","C01.150.252.410.334.776",0,"Description: An acute and chronic contagious disease of young<br>pigs caused by Erysipelothrix insidiosa.",""],["Swine Vesicular Disease",156,0.0,"D013555","C01.925.782.687.359.855",0,"Description: An enterovirus infection of swine clinically<br>indistinguishable from FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE, vesicular<br>stomatitis, and VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE. It is caused by a<br>strain of HUMAN ENTEROVIRUS B.",""],["Tabes Dorsalis",544,0.0,"D013606","C01.150.252.223.600.800",0,"Description: Parenchymatous NEUROSYPHILIS marked by slowly<br>progressive degeneration of the posterior columns, posterior<br>roots, and ganglia of the spinal cord. The condition tends to<br>present 15 to 20 years after the initial infection and is<br>characterized by lightening-like pains in the lower extremities,<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; ATAXIA; severely impaired position and<br>vibratory sense, abnormal gait (see GAIT DISORDERS, NEUROLOGIC),<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; Argyll-Robertson pupils, hypotonia, hyperreflexia,<br>and trophic joint degeneration (Charcot's Joint; see ARTHROPATHY,<br>NEUROGENIC). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p726)",""],["Tetanus",8659,0.0,"D013742","C01.150.252.410.222.864",0,"Description: A disease caused by tetanospasmin, a powerful<br>protein toxin produced by CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI. Tetanus usually<br>occurs after an acute injury, such as a puncture wound or<br>laceration. Generalized tetanus, the most common form, is<br>characterized by tetanic muscular contractions and hyperreflexia.<br>Localized tetanus presents itself as a mild condition with<br>manifestations restricted to muscles near the wound. It may<br>progress to the generalized form.",""],["Tinea Capitis",1982,0.0,"D014006","C01.150.703.302.720.730",1,"Description: Ringworm of the scalp and associated hair mainly<br>caused by species of MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and<br>EPIDERMOPHYTON, which may occasionally involve the eyebrows and<br>eyelashes.",""],["Tinea Favosa",240,0.0,"D014007","C01.800.200.720.730.740",0,"Description: A disease of the scalp that may affect the glabrous<br>skin and the nails and is recognized by the concave sulfur-yellow<br>crusts that form around loose, wiry hairs. Atrophy ensues,<br>leaving a smooth, glossy, thin, paper-white patch. This type of<br>disease is rare in the United States and more frequently seen in<br>the Middle East, Africa, Southeastern Europe, and other countries<br>bordering the Mediterranean Sea. (Arnold, Odom, and James,<br>Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p319)",""],["Tinea Pedis",1057,0.0,"D014008","C01.150.703.302.720.760",0,"Description: Dermatological pruritic lesion in the feet, caused<br>by Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton<br>floccosum.",""],["Onychomycosis",3382,0.0,"D014009","C01.150.703.302.720.550",0,"Description: A fungal infection of the nail, usually caused by<br>DERMATOPHYTES; YEASTS; or nondermatophyte MOLDS.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Animal",5173,0.0,"D014124","C01.610.752.250.800.110",0,"Description: Acquired infection of non-human animals by organisms<br>of the genus TOXOPLASMA.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Congenital",2330,0.0,"D014125","C01.610.752.250.800.445",0,"Description: Prenatal protozoal infection with TOXOPLASMA gondii<br>which is associated with injury to the developing fetal nervous<br>system. The severity of this condition is related to the stage of<br>pregnancy during which the infection occurs; first trimester<br>infections are associated with a greater degree of neurologic<br>dysfunction. Clinical features include HYDROCEPHALUS;<br>MICROCEPHALY; deafness; cerebral calcifications; SEIZURES; and<br>psychomotor retardation. Signs of a systemic infection may also<br>be present at birth, including fever, rash, and<br>hepatosplenomegaly. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p735)",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Ocular",1772,0.0,"D014126","C01.610.752.250.800.640",0,"Description: Infection caused by the protozoan parasite<br>TOXOPLASMA in which there is extensive connective tissue<br>proliferation, the retina surrounding the lesions remains normal,<br>and the ocular media remain clear. Chorioretinitis may be<br>associated with all forms of toxoplasmosis, but is usually a late<br>sequel of congenital toxoplasmosis. The severe ocular lesions in<br>infants may lead to blindness.",""],["Trachoma",3894,0.0,"D014141","C01.150.252.289.225.800",0,"Description: A chronic infection of the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA<br>caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.",""],["Enoplida Infections",6802,0.0,"D017189","C01.610.335.508.100.275",2,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the order ENOPLIDA.",""],["Trombiculiasis",114,0.0,"D014323","C01.610.858.211.480.869",0,"Description: Infestation with mites of the genus Trombicula,<br>whose larvae carry the rickettsial agent of scrub typhus.",""],["Trypanosomiasis, African",5166,0.0,"D014353","C01.610.752.300.900.719",0,"Description: A disease endemic among people and animals in<br>Central Africa. It is caused by various species of trypanosomes,<br>particularly T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense. Its second host is<br>the TSETSE FLY. Involvement of the central nervous system<br>produces \"African sleeping sickness.\" Nagana is a rapidly fatal<br>trypanosomiasis of horses and other animals.",""],["Trypanosomiasis, Bovine",904,0.0,"D014354","C01.610.752.300.900.802",0,"Description: Infection in cattle caused by various species of<br>trypanosomes.",""],["Tuberculosis, Meningeal",6939,0.0,"D014390","C01.150.252.223.500.937",0,"Description: A form of bacterial meningitis caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The<br>organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which<br>subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute,<br>with progressions occurring over a period of several days or<br>longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by<br>SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits,<br>somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in<br>immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency<br>syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp717-9)",""],["Tuberculosis, Meningeal",6939,0.0,"D014390","C01.150.252.223.850.800",0,"Description: A form of bacterial meningitis caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The<br>organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which<br>subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute,<br>with progressions occurring over a period of several days or<br>longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by<br>SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits,<br>somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in<br>immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency<br>syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp717-9)",""],["Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome",403,0.0,"D014884","C01.207.180.500.750.500",0,"Description: A condition of HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS of the<br>ADRENAL GLAND. It is characterized by rapidly developing ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTENSION; and widespread cutaneous PURPURA.",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C01.207.245.340.300.887",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C01.207.399.750.300.887",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C01.925.182.525.300.850",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C01.925.782.350.250.900",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["Whooping Cough",8604,0.0,"D014917","C01.150.252.400.143.500",0,"Description: A respiratory infection caused by BORDETELLA<br>PERTUSSIS and characterized by paroxysmal coughing ending in a<br>prolonged crowing intake of breath.",""],["Yaws",825,0.0,"D015001","C01.150.252.400.840.750",0,"Description: A systemic non-venereal infection of the tropics<br>caused by TREPONEMA PALLIDUM subspecies pertenue.",""],["Yellow Fever",2842,0.0,"D015004","C01.925.782.350.250.980",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease primarily of the<br>tropics, caused by a virus and transmitted to man by mosquitoes<br>of the genera Aedes and Haemagogus. The severe form is<br>characterized by fever, HEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE, and renal damage.",""],["HTLV-I Infections",5398,0.0,"D015490","C01.925.782.815.200.470",1,"Description: Diseases caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1.",""],["HTLV-II Infections",842,0.0,"D015491","C01.925.782.815.200.480",0,"Description: Diseases caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 2.",""],["AIDS Dementia Complex",3529,0.0,"D015526","C01.221.812.640.400.070",0,"Description: A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED<br>IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired<br>concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA,<br>incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1<br>viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic<br>examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction,<br>perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and<br>multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr<br>6;332(14):934-40)",""],["Erythema Chronicum Migrans",576,0.0,"D015787","C01.150.252.400.536.400",0,"Description: A deep type of gyrate erythema that follows a bite<br>by an ixodid tick; it is a stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE.<br>The site of the bite is characterized by a red papule that<br>expands peripherally as a nonscaling, palpable band that clears<br>centrally. This condition is often associated with systemic<br>symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea,<br>vomiting, fatigue, backache, and stiff neck.",""],["Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",4328,0.0,"D016097","C01.925.782.815.616.850",0,"Description: Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs<br>naturally in macaques infected with SRV serotypes, experimentally<br>in monkeys inoculated with SRV or MASON-PFIZER MONKEY VIRUS;<br>(MPMV), or in monkeys infected with SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>VIRUS.",""],["Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",847,0.0,"D016181","C01.925.782.815.616.350",0,"Description: Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs in<br>cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and in<br>some cats infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV).",""],["Visna",105,0.0,"D016182","C01.925.782.815.616.900",0,"Description: Demyelinating leukoencephalomyelitis of sheep caused<br>by the VISNA-MAEDI VIRUS. It is similar to but not the same as<br>SCRAPIE.",""],["AIDS-Associated Nephropathy",827,0.0,"D016263","C01.221.812.640.400.072",0,"Description: Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-<br>infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe<br>proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with<br>distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys,<br>and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct<br>from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of<br>kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.",""],["Enzootic Bovine Leukosis",693,0.0,"D016583","C01.925.782.815.200.260",0,"Description: A lymphoid neoplastic disease in cattle caused by<br>the bovine leukemia virus. Enzootic bovine leukosis may take the<br>form of lymphosarcoma, malignant lymphoma, or leukemia but the<br>presence of malignant cells in the blood is not a consistent<br>finding.",""],["Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous",136,0.0,"D016774","C01.610.858.560.400.350",0,"Description: A form of LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS caused by<br>Leishmania aethiopica in Ethiopia and Kenya, L. pifanoi in<br>Venezuela, L. braziliensis in South America, and L. mexicana in<br>Central America. This disease is characterized by massive<br>dissemination of skin lesions without visceral involvement.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral",1150,0.0,"D016781","C01.610.752.250.800.250",0,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan<br>TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individuals with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (see also AIDS-RELATED<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS). The infection may involve the brain<br>diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations<br>include SEIZURES, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3)",""],["Tuberculoma, Intracranial",716,0.0,"D016862","C01.150.252.223.850.400",0,"Description: A well-circumscribed mass composed of tuberculous<br>granulation tissue that may occur in the cerebral hemispheres,<br>cerebellum, brain stem, or perimeningeal spaces. Multiple lesions<br>are quite common. Management of intracranial manifestations vary<br>with lesion site. Intracranial tuberculomas may be associated<br>with SEIZURES, focal neurologic deficits, and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Spinal cord tuberculomas may be associated with<br>localized or radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. Tuberculomas may arise as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS,<br>but also occur in immunocompetent individuals.",""],["Serratia Infections",760,0.0,"D016868","C01.150.252.400.310.850",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus SERRATIA.",""],["Ureaplasma Infections",973,0.0,"D016869","C01.150.252.400.610.850",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus UREAPLASMA.",""],["Meningitis, Cryptococcal",2132,0.0,"D016919","C01.150.703.181.500.500",0,"Description: Meningeal inflammation produced by CRYPTOCOCCUS<br>NEOFORMANS, an encapsulated yeast that tends to infect<br>individuals with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other<br>immunocompromised states. The organism enters the body through<br>the respiratory tract, but symptomatic infections are usually<br>limited to the lungs and nervous system. The organism may also<br>produce parenchymal brain lesions (torulomas). Clinically, the<br>course is subacute and may feature HEADACHE; NAUSEA; PHOTOPHOBIA;<br>focal neurologic deficits; SEIZURES; cranial neuropathies; and<br>HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp721-2)",""],["Cytomegalovirus Retinitis",1431,0.0,"D017726","C01.925.256.466.245.150",0,"Description: Infection of the retina by cytomegalovirus<br>characterized by retinal necrosis, hemorrhage, vessel sheathing,<br>and retinal edema. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a major<br>opportunistic infection in AIDS patients and can cause blindness.",""],["Leukoplakia, Hairy",177,0.0,"D017733","C01.925.256.466.313.500",0,"Description: Epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa associated<br>with Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) and found almost<br>exclusively in persons with HIV infection. The lesion consists of<br>a white patch that is often corrugated or hairy.",""],["Torovirus Infections",48,0.0,"D018176","C01.925.782.600.550.800",0,"Description: Infections with viruses of the genus TOROVIRUS,<br>family CORONAVIRIDAE.",""],["Pneumovirus Infections",8182,0.0,"D018186","C01.925.782.580.600.550",1,"Description: Infections with viruses of the genus PNEUMOVIRUS,<br>family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. This includes RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS<br>INFECTIONS, an important cause of respiratory disease in humans.",""],["Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome",668,0.0,"D018804","C01.925.782.147.420.380",0,"Description: Acute respiratory illness in humans caused by the<br>SIN NOMBRE VIRUS whose primary rodent reservoir is the deer mouse<br>Peromyscus maniculatus. First identified in the southwestern<br>United States, this syndrome is characterized most commonly by<br>fever, myalgias, headache, cough, and rapid respiratory failure.",""],["HIV Enteropathy",108,0.0,"D019053","C01.221.812.640.400.480",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-<br>established DIARRHEA (greater than one month in duration) without<br>an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an<br>HIV-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or<br>indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. HIV enteropathy is<br>a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms<br>of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles<br>of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus<br>Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155)",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola",6909,0.0,"D019142","C01.925.782.580.250.400",0,"Description: A highly fatal, acute hemorrhagic fever caused by<br>EBOLAVIRUS.",""],["HIV Wasting Syndrome",436,0.0,"D019247","C01.221.812.640.400.520",0,"Description: Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent<br>associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic<br>diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a<br>defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is<br>major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A<br>variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to<br>this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,<br>13th ed, p1611).",""],["Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome",2228,0.0,"D019318","C01.925.782.600.100.700",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by outbreaks of late term<br>abortions, high numbers of stillbirths and mummified or weak<br>newborn piglets, and respiratory disease in young unweaned and<br>weaned pigs. It is caused by PORCINE RESPIRATORY AND REPRODUCTIVE<br>SYNDROME VIRUS. (Radostits et al., Veterinary Medicine, 8th ed,<br>p1048)",""],["Severe Dengue",1609,0.0,"D019595","C01.925.782.417.214.200",0,"Description: A virulent form of dengue characterized by<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA and an increase in vascular permeability (grades<br>I and II) and distinguished by a positive pain test (e.g.,<br>TOURNIQUET PAIN TEST). When accompanied by SHOCK (grades III and<br>IV), it is called dengue shock syndrome.",""],["Hepatitis B, Chronic",18726,0.1,"D019694","C01.925.256.430.400.100",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily<br>transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of<br>contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted<br>via sexual or intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepatitis C, Chronic",28766,0.1,"D019698","C01.925.782.350.350.120",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused<br>by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic<br>hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C01.207.245.340.450.800",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C01.207.399.750.450.800",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C01.920.500.078.370.662",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C01.920.500.343.655.677",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C01.925.081.343.655.677",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C01.925.182.525.450.300",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C01.207.245.340.450.200",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C01.207.399.750.450.200",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C01.920.500.078.370.162",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C01.920.500.343.655.177",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C01.925.081.343.655.177",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster",313,0.0,"D020804","C01.925.256.466.930.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of brain tissue caused by infection<br>with the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). This<br>condition is associated with immunocompromised states, including<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME. Pathologically, the virus<br>tends to induce a vasculopathy and infect oligodendrocytes and<br>ependymal cells, leading to CEREBRAL INFARCTION, multifocal<br>regions of demyelination, and periventricular necrosis.<br>Manifestations of varicella encephalitis usually occur 5-7 days<br>after onset of HERPES ZOSTER and include HEADACHE; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; focal neurologic deficits; FEVER; and COMA. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch 26, pp29-32; Hum Pathol 1996<br>Sep;27(9):927-38)",""],["Meningitis, Escherichia coli",181,0.0,"D020814","C01.150.252.223.500.350",0,"Description: A form of gram-negative meningitis that tends to<br>occur in neonates, in association with anatomical abnormalities<br>(which feature communication between the meninges and cutaneous<br>structures) or as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS in association with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES. In premature neonates the<br>clinical presentation may be limited to ANOREXIA; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; or respiratory distress. Full-term infants may have as<br>additional features FEVER; SEIZURES; and bulging of the anterior<br>fontanelle. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>pp398-400)",""],["Neuroschistosomiasis",194,0.0,"D020818","C01.610.335.865.859.213",0,"Description: SCHISTOSOMIASIS of the brain, spinal cord, or<br>meninges caused by infections with trematodes of the genus<br>SCHISTOSOMA (primarily SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM; SCHISTOSOMA<br>MANSONI; and SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM in humans). S. japonicum<br>infections of the nervous system may cause an acute<br>meningoencephalitis or a chronic encephalopathy. S. mansoni and<br>S. haematobium nervous system infections are associated with<br>acute transverse myelitis involving the lower portions of the<br>spinal cord. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp61-2)",""],["Lyme Neuroborreliosis",1022,0.0,"D020852","C01.150.252.400.536.700",0,"Description: Nervous system infections caused by tick-borne<br>spirochetes of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP. The disease may<br>affect elements of the central or peripheral nervous system in<br>isolation or in combination. Common clinical manifestations<br>include a lymphocytic meningitis, cranial neuropathy (most often<br>a facial neuropathy), POLYRADICULOPATHY, and a mild loss of<br>memory and other cognitive functions. Less often more extensive<br>inflammation involving the central nervous system<br>(encephalomyelitis) may occur. In the peripheral nervous system,<br>B. burgdorferi infection is associated with mononeuritis<br>multiplex and polyradiculoneuritis. (From J Neurol Sci 1998 Jan<br>8;153(2):182-91)",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C01.221.812.640.400.048",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["Hemorrhagic Syndrome, Bovine",35,0.0,"D030243","C01.925.782.350.675.400",0,"Description: Clinically severe acute disease of cattle caused by<br>noncytopathic forms of Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (DIARRHEA<br>VIRUS 2, BOVINE VIRAL). Outbreaks are characterized by high<br>morbidity and high mortality.",""],["Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral",244,0.0,"D031941","C01.925.782.580.830.450",0,"Description: A systemic infection of various salmonid and a few<br>nonsalmonid fishes caused by Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus<br>(see NOVIRHABDOVIRUS),",""],["HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome",1111,0.0,"D039682","C01.221.812.640.400.530",0,"Description: Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution<br>in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be<br>multifactorial and probably involves some combination of<br>infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of<br>antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.",""],["Henipavirus Infections",657,0.0,"D045464","C01.925.782.580.600.400",0,"Description: Infections with viruses of the genus HENIPAVIRUS,<br>family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE.",""],["Liver Abscess, Pyogenic",760,0.0,"D046290","C01.830.025.020.455.730",0,"Description: Single or multiple areas of PUS due to bacterial<br>infection within the hepatic parenchyma. It can be caused by a<br>variety of BACTERIA, local or disseminated from infections<br>elsewhere such as in APPENDICITIS; CHOLECYSTITIS; PERITONITIS;<br>and after LIVER TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Vesicular Stomatitis",333,0.0,"D054243","C01.925.782.580.830.825",0,"Description: A viral disease caused by at least two distinct<br>species (serotypes) in the VESICULOVIRUS genus: VESICULAR<br>STOMATITIS INDIANA VIRUS and VESICULAR STOMATITIS NEW JERSEY<br>VIRUS. It is characterized by vesicular eruptions on the ORAL<br>MUCOSA in cattle, horses, pigs, and other animals. In humans,<br>vesicular stomatitis causes an acute influenza-like illness.",""],["Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis",1362,0.0,"D055744","C01.150.703.080.768.750",0,"Description: Lung infections with the invasive forms of<br>ASPERGILLUS, usually after surgery, transplantation, prolonged<br>NEUTROPENIA or treatment with high-doses of CORTICOSTEROIDS.<br>Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis can progress to CHRONIC<br>NECROTIZING PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS or hematogenous spread to<br>other organs.",""],["Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis",1362,0.0,"D055744","C01.150.703.534.850.750",0,"Description: Lung infections with the invasive forms of<br>ASPERGILLUS, usually after surgery, transplantation, prolonged<br>NEUTROPENIA or treatment with high-doses of CORTICOSTEROIDS.<br>Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis can progress to CHRONIC<br>NECROTIZING PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS or hematogenous spread to<br>other organs.",""],["Tungiasis",159,0.0,"D058285","C01.610.858.211.250.800",0,"Description: An infestation with the flea TUNGA PENETRANS causing<br>inflammation, pruritus, and pain, in both humans and other<br>mammals. There is a high incidence of secondary infections such<br>as BACTEREMIA and TETANUS.",""],["Candidemia",1646,0.0,"D058387","C01.150.703.160.175.500",0,"Description: A form of invasive candidiasis where species of<br>CANDIDA are present in the blood.",""],["Candidemia",1646,0.0,"D058387","C01.150.703.492.500.500",0,"Description: A form of invasive candidiasis where species of<br>CANDIDA are present in the blood.",""],["Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis",33,0.0,"D060425","C01.150.703.302.383.375",0,"Description: CNS infections caused by neurotropic dematiaceous<br>fungi that contain melanin in their cell walls. The infections<br>often result in BRAIN ABSCESS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MENINGITIS in<br>patients who are often immunocompetent. The common causative<br>fungi include members Cladophialophora bantiana, Exophiala<br>dermatitidis, Rhinocladiella mackenziei, and Ochroconis<br>gallopavum. R. mackenziei infection is seen almost exclusively in<br>patients from the MIDDLE EAST.",""],["Alternariosis",110,0.0,"D060487","C01.150.703.302.383.125",0,"Description: Opportunistic fungal infection by a member of<br>ALTERNARIA genus.",""],["Fusariosis",500,0.0,"D060585","C01.150.703.302.383.500",0,"Description: OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS with the soil fungus<br>FUSARIUM. Typically the infection is limited to the nail plate<br>(ONYCHOMYCOSIS). The infection can however become systemic<br>especially in an IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST (e.g., NEUTROPENIA) and<br>results in cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions, fever, KERATITIS,<br>and pulmonary infections.",""],["Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor",127,0.0,"D062688","C01.221.812.640.220.500",0,"Description: Exophytic tumor of the anogenital region associated<br>with HPV infections. It becomes a large cauliflower-like,<br>hyperkeratotic, verrucous mass that is locally destructive with<br>little atypical cells. Histologically, tumor cells are broad rete<br>peg structures that tend to invade deeper than CONDYLOMATA<br>ACUMINATA.",""],["Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor",127,0.0,"D062688","C01.925.825.810.110.500",0,"Description: Exophytic tumor of the anogenital region associated<br>with HPV infections. It becomes a large cauliflower-like,<br>hyperkeratotic, verrucous mass that is locally destructive with<br>little atypical cells. Histologically, tumor cells are broad rete<br>peg structures that tend to invade deeper than CONDYLOMATA<br>ACUMINATA.",""],["Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor",127,0.0,"D062688","C01.925.928.914.217.500",0,"Description: Exophytic tumor of the anogenital region associated<br>with HPV infections. It becomes a large cauliflower-like,<br>hyperkeratotic, verrucous mass that is locally destructive with<br>little atypical cells. Histologically, tumor cells are broad rete<br>peg structures that tend to invade deeper than CONDYLOMATA<br>ACUMINATA.",""],["Chikungunya Fever",2233,0.0,"D065632","C01.925.782.930.100.184",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by a mosquito-borne<br>alphavirus CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS characterized by RASH; FEVER; JOINT<br>PAINS; CONJUNCTIVITIS; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; LYMPHOPENIA; and<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA.",""],["Peritonsillar Abscess",1094,0.0,"D000039","C01.748.561.750.500",0,"Description: An accumulation of purulent material in the area<br>between the PALATINE TONSIL and its capsule.",""],["Flavivirus Infections",37358,0.1,"D018177","C01.925.782.350.250",11,"Description: Infections with viruses of the genus FLAVIVIRUS,<br>family FLAVIVIRIDAE.",""],["Acute Retroviral Syndrome",10,0.0,"D000071297","C01.221.250.875.044",0,"Description: Early stage of HIV infection. Symptoms resemble<br>INFLUENZA or INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS.",""],["HIV Infections",304062,0.9,"D015658","C01.221.812.640.400",10,"Description: Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency<br>virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity,<br>thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency<br>syndrome (AIDS).",""],["Acute Retroviral Syndrome",10,0.0,"D000071297","C01.778.640.400.044",0,"Description: Early stage of HIV infection. Symptoms resemble<br>INFLUENZA or INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS.",""],["Lentivirus Infections",328417,1.0,"D016180","C01.925.782.815.616",17,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the Lentivirus genus. They<br>are multi-organ diseases characterized by long incubation periods<br>and persistent infection.",""],["Acute Retroviral Syndrome",10,0.0,"D000071297","C01.925.813.400.044",0,"Description: Early stage of HIV infection. Symptoms resemble<br>INFLUENZA or INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS.",""],["Rickettsiaceae Infections",11793,0.0,"D012288","C01.150.252.400.789",8,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>RICKETTSIACEAE.",""],["Varicella Zoster Virus Infection",19487,0.1,"D000073618","C01.925.256.466.930",6,"Description: Infection caused by HUMAN HERPES VIRUS 3 (e.g.,<br>CHICKENPOX and HERPES ZOSTER).",""],["Lyme Disease",12400,0.0,"D008193","C01.150.252.400.536",3,"Description: An infectious disease caused by a spirochete,<br>BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, which is transmitted chiefly by Ixodes<br>dammini (see IXODES) and pacificus ticks in the United States and<br>Ixodes ricinis (see IXODES) in Europe. It is a disease with early<br>and late cutaneous manifestations plus involvement of the nervous<br>system, heart, eye, and joints in variable combinations. The<br>disease was formerly known as Lyme arthritis and first discovered<br>at Old Lyme, Connecticut.",""],["Spirochaetales Infections",56163,0.2,"D013145","C01.150.252.400.794",19,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the order<br>SPIROCHAETALES.",""],["Post-Lyme Disease Syndrome",49,0.0,"D000077342","C01.920.930.513.850",0,"Description: A condition caused by long-lasting and ongoing<br>infection with the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi resulting in<br>progressive inflammatory neurologic, neuromuscular, and<br>dermatologic manifestations including ENCEPHALITIS; MYELITIS;<br>acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans; and ARTHRITIS.",""],["Tinea",12210,0.0,"D014005","C01.150.703.302.720",5,"Description: Fungal infection of keratinized tissues such as<br>hair, skin and nails. The main causative fungi include<br>MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and EPIDERMOPHYTON.",""],["Tinea cruris",4,0.0,"D000084002","C01.800.200.720.745",0,"Description: Fungal infection of the groin. The main causative<br>fungus is TRICHOPHYTON.",""],["Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome",140,0.0,"D000085142","C01.925.782.147.905",0,"Description: A tick-borne infection with SEVERE FEVER WITH<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA SYNDROME BUNYAVIRUS of the genus Phlebovirus. It<br>is associated with fever, THROMBOCYTOPENIA; LEUKOCYTOPENIA, and<br>multiorgan dysfunction. It is found in parts of Asia including<br>China, Japan, Korea and Vietnam and can be transmitted from<br>infected domestic animals and humans.",""],["COVID-19",112194,0.3,"D000086382","C01.748.610.763.500",0,"Description: A viral disorder generally characterized by high<br>FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN;<br>HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see<br>AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. In<br>severe cases, a myriad of coagulopathy associated symptoms often<br>correlating with COVID-19 severity is seen (e.g., BLOOD<br>COAGULATION; THROMBOSIS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME;<br>SEIZURES; HEART ATTACK; STROKE; multiple CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS;<br>KIDNEY FAILURE; catastrophic ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME<br>and/or DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION). In younger<br>patients, rare inflammatory syndromes are sometimes associated<br>with COVID-19 (e.g., atypical KAWASAKI SYNDROME; TOXIC SHOCK<br>SYNDROME; pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease; and<br>CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME). A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, in the genus<br>BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent.",""],["Coronaviridae Infections",170861,0.5,"D003333","C01.925.782.600.550",7,"Description: Virus diseases caused by CORONAVIRIDAE.",""],["Moraxellaceae Infections",4760,0.0,"D045828","C01.150.252.400.560",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>MORAXELLACEAE.",""],["Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",66900,0.2,"D000163","C01.221.250.875.040",0,"Description: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated<br>with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a<br>CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or<br>less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility<br>to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical<br>manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia.<br>These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in<br>1993.",""],["Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",66900,0.2,"D000163","C01.778.640.400.040",0,"Description: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated<br>with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a<br>CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or<br>less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility<br>to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical<br>manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia.<br>These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in<br>1993.",""],["Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",66900,0.2,"D000163","C01.925.813.400.040",0,"Description: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated<br>with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a<br>CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or<br>less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility<br>to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical<br>manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia.<br>These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in<br>1993.",""],["Pasteurellaceae Infections",14255,0.0,"D016871","C01.150.252.400.700",8,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>PASTEURELLACEAE.",""],["Actinomycetales Infections",315287,1.0,"D000193","C01.150.252.410.040",52,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the order<br>ACTINOMYCETALES.",""],["Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial",545,0.0,"D000197","C01.150.252.819.110",0,"Description: A form of ACTINOMYCOSIS characterized by slow-<br>growing inflammatory lesions of the lymph nodes that drain the<br>mouth (lumpy jaw), reddening of the overlying skin, and<br>intraperitoneal abscesses.",""],["Adenovirus Infections, Human",2225,0.0,"D000258","C01.925.256.076.045",0,"Description: Respiratory and conjunctival infections caused by 33<br>identified serotypes of human adenoviruses.",""],["African Horse Sickness",331,0.0,"D000355","C01.925.782.791.142",0,"Description: An insect-borne reovirus infection of horses, mules<br>and donkeys in Africa and the Middle East; characterized by<br>pulmonary edema, cardiac involvement, and edema of the head and<br>neck.",""],["AIDS-Related Complex",1088,0.0,"D000386","C01.221.250.875.080",0,"Description: A prodromal phase of infection with the human<br>immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating<br>AIDS-related complex (ARC) from AIDS include elevated or<br>hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to<br>depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS; follicular or<br>mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte<br>degeneration and depletion more typical of AIDS; evolving<br>succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of<br>Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown<br>AIDS.",""],["AIDS-Related Complex",1088,0.0,"D000386","C01.778.640.400.080",0,"Description: A prodromal phase of infection with the human<br>immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating<br>AIDS-related complex (ARC) from AIDS include elevated or<br>hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to<br>depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS; follicular or<br>mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte<br>degeneration and depletion more typical of AIDS; evolving<br>succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of<br>Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown<br>AIDS.",""],["AIDS-Related Complex",1088,0.0,"D000386","C01.925.813.400.080",0,"Description: A prodromal phase of infection with the human<br>immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating<br>AIDS-related complex (ARC) from AIDS include elevated or<br>hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to<br>depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS; follicular or<br>mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte<br>degeneration and depletion more typical of AIDS; evolving<br>succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of<br>Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown<br>AIDS.",""],["Aleutian Mink Disease",302,0.0,"D000453","C01.925.256.700.091",0,"Description: A slow progressive disease of mink caused by the<br>ALEUTIAN MINK DISEASE VIRUS. It is characterized by poor<br>reproduction, weight loss, autoimmunity, hypergammaglobulinemia,<br>increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, and death from<br>renal failure. The disease occurs in all color types, but mink<br>which are homozygous recessive for the Aleutian gene for light<br>coat color are particularly susceptible.",""],["Anaplasmataceae Infections",4738,0.0,"D000711","C01.150.252.400.054",3,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>ANAPLASMATACEAE.",""],["Anaplasmosis",1692,0.0,"D000712","C01.150.252.400.082",0,"Description: A disease usually in cattle caused by parasitization<br>of the red blood cells by bacteria of the genus ANAPLASMA.",""],["Secernentea Infections",45609,0.1,"D017190","C01.610.335.508.700",36,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the subclass<br>SECERNENTEA.",""],["Bacillaceae Infections",4368,0.0,"D016863","C01.150.252.410.090",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family BACILLACEAE.",""],["Pulmonary Aspergillosis",4713,0.0,"D055732","C01.150.703.080.768",2,"Description: Infections of the respiratory tract with fungi of<br>the genus ASPERGILLUS.",""],["Pulmonary Aspergillosis",4713,0.0,"D055732","C01.150.703.534.850",2,"Description: Infections of the respiratory tract with fungi of<br>the genus ASPERGILLUS.",""],["Avian Leukosis",1162,0.0,"D001353","C01.925.782.815.096",0,"Description: A group of transmissible viral diseases of chickens<br>and turkeys. Liver tumors are found in most forms, but tumors can<br>be found elsewhere.",""],["Sarcoma, Avian",864,0.0,"D001357","C01.925.782.815.800",0,"Description: Connective tissue tumors, affecting primarily fowl,<br>that are usually caused by avian sarcoma viruses.",""],["Babesiosis",4153,0.0,"D001404","C01.610.701.688.122",0,"Description: A group of tick-borne diseases of mammals including<br>ZOONOSES in humans. They are caused by protozoa of the genus<br>BABESIA, which parasitize erythrocytes, producing hemolysis. In<br>the U.S., the organism's natural host is mice and transmission is<br>by the deer tick IXODES SCAPULARIS.",""],["Babesiosis",4153,0.0,"D001404","C01.610.752.625.122",0,"Description: A group of tick-borne diseases of mammals including<br>ZOONOSES in humans. They are caused by protozoa of the genus<br>BABESIA, which parasitize erythrocytes, producing hemolysis. In<br>the U.S., the organism's natural host is mice and transmission is<br>by the deer tick IXODES SCAPULARIS.",""],["Bacteroidaceae Infections",2643,0.0,"D016866","C01.150.252.400.110",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>BACTEROIDACEAE.",""],["Balantidiasis",309,0.0,"D001447","C01.610.752.200.146",0,"Description: Infection by parasites of the genus BALANTIDIUM. The<br>presence of Balantidium in the LARGE INTESTINE leads to DIARRHEA;<br>DYSENTERY; and occasionally ULCER.",""],["Bartonellaceae Infections",4278,0.0,"D001476","C01.150.252.400.126",4,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>BARTONELLACEAE.",""],["Malaria, Falciparum",18701,0.1,"D016778","C01.610.752.530.650",1,"Description: Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the<br>severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest<br>levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized<br>by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases<br>occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal<br>manifestations.",""],["Blackwater Fever",156,0.0,"D001742","C01.920.875.650.228",0,"Description: A complication of MALARIA, FALCIPARUM characterized<br>by the passage of dark red to black urine.",""],["Blastomycosis",2496,0.0,"D001759","C01.150.703.302.055",0,"Description: A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1,<br>a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small<br>cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may<br>heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions<br>characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual<br>vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the<br>lung.",""],["Blastomycosis",2496,0.0,"D001759","C01.150.703.534.350",0,"Description: A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1,<br>a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small<br>cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may<br>heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions<br>characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual<br>vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the<br>lung.",""],["Bluetongue",1587,0.0,"D001819","C01.925.782.791.315",0,"Description: A reovirus infection, chiefly of sheep,<br>characterized by a swollen blue tongue, catarrhal inflammation of<br>upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, and often by<br>inflammation of sensitive laminae of the feet and coronet.",""],["Pestivirus Infections",4300,0.0,"D018182","C01.925.782.350.675",4,"Description: Infections with viruses of the genus PESTIVIRUS,<br>family FLAVIVIRIDAE.",""],["Bordetella Infections",9540,0.0,"D001885","C01.150.252.400.143",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus BORDETELLA.",""],["Borna Disease",610,0.0,"D001890","C01.925.782.580.124",0,"Description: An encephalomyelitis of horses, sheep and cattle<br>caused by BORNA DISEASE VIRUS.",""],["Clostridium Infections",30726,0.1,"D003015","C01.150.252.410.222",5,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM<br>and closely related CLOSTRIDIOIDES species.",""],["Boutonneuse Fever",870,0.0,"D001907","C01.920.930.887.250",0,"Description: A febrile disease of the Mediterranean area, the<br>Crimea, Africa, and India, caused by infection with RICKETTSIA<br>CONORII.",""],["Bronchiolitis, Viral",1371,0.0,"D001990","C01.748.099.135.321",0,"Description: An acute inflammatory disease of the lower<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily<br>in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly<br>implicated are PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL<br>VIRUS, HUMAN; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS.",""],["Brucellosis",13524,0.0,"D002006","C01.150.252.400.167",1,"Description: Infection caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA<br>mainly involving the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. This condition<br>is characterized by fever, weakness, malaise, and weight loss.",""],["Epstein-Barr Virus Infections",22232,0.1,"D020031","C01.925.256.466.313",3,"Description: Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4,<br>HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various<br>lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA<br>(African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy<br>leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).",""],["Burkitt Lymphoma",7515,0.0,"D002051","C01.925.928.313.165",0,"Description: A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA<br>usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts<br>of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic<br>lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are<br>expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in<br>virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus<br>(HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma<br>cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in<br>these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.",""],["Campylobacter Infections",6793,0.0,"D002169","C01.150.252.400.177",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus CAMPYLOBACTER.",""],["Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous",526,0.0,"D002178","C01.150.703.160.088",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by development,<br>usually in infancy or childhood, of a chronic, often widespread<br>candidiasis of skin, nails, and mucous membranes. It may be<br>secondary to one of the immunodeficiency syndromes, inherited as<br>an autosomal recessive trait, or associated with defects in cell-<br>mediated immunity, endocrine disorders, dental stomatitis, or<br>malignancy.",""],["Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous",526,0.0,"D002178","C01.150.703.302.100",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by development,<br>usually in infancy or childhood, of a chronic, often widespread<br>candidiasis of skin, nails, and mucous membranes. It may be<br>secondary to one of the immunodeficiency syndromes, inherited as<br>an autosomal recessive trait, or associated with defects in cell-<br>mediated immunity, endocrine disorders, dental stomatitis, or<br>malignancy.",""],["Candidiasis, Cutaneous",985,0.0,"D002179","C01.150.703.160.132",0,"Description: Candidiasis of the skin manifested as eczema-like<br>lesions of the interdigital spaces, perleche, or chronic<br>paronychia. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Candidiasis, Cutaneous",985,0.0,"D002179","C01.150.703.302.105",0,"Description: Candidiasis of the skin manifested as eczema-like<br>lesions of the interdigital spaces, perleche, or chronic<br>paronychia. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Candidiasis, Oral",3158,0.0,"D002180","C01.150.703.160.180",0,"Description: Infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth by a<br>fungus of the genus CANDIDA. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal",3060,0.0,"D002181","C01.150.703.160.190",0,"Description: Infection of the VULVA and VAGINA with a fungus of<br>the genus CANDIDA.",""],["Staphylococcal Infections",56162,0.2,"D013203","C01.150.252.410.868",7,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS.",""],["Staphylococcal Skin Infections",4900,0.0,"D013207","C01.150.252.819.770",4,"Description: Infections to the skin caused by bacteria of the<br>genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.",""],["Furunculosis",1258,0.0,"D005667","C01.800.720.770.270",1,"Description: A persistent skin infection marked by the presence<br>of furuncles, often chronic and recurrent. In humans, the<br>causative agent is various species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS. In salmonid<br>fish (SALMONIDS), the pathogen is AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA.",""],["Trypanosomiasis",23963,0.1,"D014352","C01.610.752.300.900",5,"Description: Infection with protozoa of the genus TRYPANOSOMA.",""],["Treponemal Infections",31179,0.1,"D014211","C01.150.252.400.840",10,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus TREPONEMA.",""],["Chancroid",682,0.0,"D002602","C01.150.252.734.201",0,"Description: Acute, localized autoinoculable infectious disease<br>usually acquired through sexual contact. Caused by HAEMOPHILUS<br>DUCREYI, it occurs endemically almost worldwide, especially in<br>tropical and subtropical countries and more commonly in seaports<br>and urban areas than in rural areas.",""],["Chancroid",682,0.0,"D002602","C01.221.812.281.201",0,"Description: Acute, localized autoinoculable infectious disease<br>usually acquired through sexual contact. Caused by HAEMOPHILUS<br>DUCREYI, it occurs endemically almost worldwide, especially in<br>tropical and subtropical countries and more commonly in seaports<br>and urban areas than in rural areas.",""],["Chlamydiaceae Infections",24880,0.1,"D002694","C01.150.252.400.210",8,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>CHLAMYDIACEAE.",""],["Chlamydia Infections",16297,0.1,"D002690","C01.150.252.734.301",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.",""],["Chlamydia Infections",16297,0.1,"D002690","C01.221.812.281.301",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.",""],["Vibrio Infections",11310,0.0,"D014735","C01.150.252.400.959",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus VIBRIO.",""],["Chromoblastomycosis",1058,0.0,"D002862","C01.150.703.302.110",0,"Description: Scaly papule or warty growth, caused by five fungi,<br>that spreads as a result of satellite lesions affecting the foot<br>or leg. The extremity may become swollen and, at its distal<br>portion, covered with various nodular, tumorous, verrucous<br>lesions that resemble cauliflower. In rare instances, the disease<br>may begin on the hand or wrist and involve the entire upper<br>extremity. (Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the<br>Skin, 8th ed, p362)",""],["Clonorchiasis",920,0.0,"D003003","C01.610.335.865.148",0,"Description: Infection of the biliary passages with CLONORCHIS<br>SINENSIS, also called Opisthorchis sinensis. It may lead to<br>inflammation of the biliary tract, proliferation of biliary<br>epithelium, progressive portal fibrosis, and sometimes bile duct<br>carcinoma. Extension to the liver may lead to fatty changes and<br>cirrhosis. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Colorado Tick Fever",75,0.0,"D003121","C01.925.782.791.482",0,"Description: A febrile illness characterized by chills, aches,<br>vomiting, leukopenia, and sometimes encephalitis. It is caused by<br>the COLORADO TICK FEVER VIRUS, a reovirus transmitted by the tick<br>Dermacentor andersoni.",""],["Common Cold",3487,0.0,"D003139","C01.925.782.687.207",0,"Description: A catarrhal disorder of the upper respiratory tract,<br>which may be viral or a mixed infection. It generally involves a<br>runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing.",""],["Condylomata Acuminata",4532,0.0,"D003218","C01.221.812.640.220",1,"Description: Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth<br>caused by the human papillomaviruses.",""],["Warts",8987,0.0,"D014860","C01.925.256.650.810",3,"Description: Benign epidermal proliferations or tumors; some are<br>viral in origin.",""],["Condylomata Acuminata",4532,0.0,"D003218","C01.925.825.810.110",1,"Description: Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth<br>caused by the human papillomaviruses.",""],["Condylomata Acuminata",4532,0.0,"D003218","C01.925.928.914.217",1,"Description: Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth<br>caused by the human papillomaviruses.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",201,0.0,"D003232","C01.375.725.250.250",0,"Description: A highly contagious disease characterized by<br>subconjunctival hemorrhage, sudden swelling of the eyelids and<br>congestion, redness, and pain in the eye. Epidemic conjunctivitis<br>caused by Enterovirus 70 (EV-70) was first described in Africa in<br>1969. It is caused also by Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v).<br>Epidemics by this organism have appeared most frequently in Asia.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",201,0.0,"D003232","C01.925.325.250.250",0,"Description: A highly contagious disease characterized by<br>subconjunctival hemorrhage, sudden swelling of the eyelids and<br>congestion, redness, and pain in the eye. Epidemic conjunctivitis<br>caused by Enterovirus 70 (EV-70) was first described in Africa in<br>1969. It is caused also by Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v).<br>Epidemics by this organism have appeared most frequently in Asia.",""],["Enterovirus Infections",51518,0.2,"D004769","C01.925.782.687.359",13,"Description: Diseases caused by ENTEROVIRUS.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Bacterial",5890,0.0,"D003234","C01.150.252.289.225",3,"Description: Purulent infections of the conjunctiva by several<br>species of gram-negative, gram-positive, or acid-fast organisms.<br>Some of the more commonly found genera causing conjunctival<br>infections are Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and<br>Chlamydia.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Inclusion",540,0.0,"D003235","C01.375.354.220.250",0,"Description: An infection of the eyes characterized by the<br>presence in conjunctival epithelial cells of inclusion bodies<br>indistinguishable from those of trachoma. It is acquired by<br>infants during birth and by adults from swimming pools. The<br>etiological agent is CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS whose natural habitat<br>appears to be the genito-urinary tract. Inclusion conjunctivitis<br>is a less severe disease than trachoma and usually clears up<br>spontaneously.",""],["Cryptosporidiosis",5504,0.0,"D003457","C01.610.701.688.235",0,"Description: Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus<br>CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms<br>include severe DIARRHEA.",""],["Cryptosporidiosis",5504,0.0,"D003457","C01.610.752.250.269",0,"Description: Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus<br>CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms<br>include severe DIARRHEA.",""],["Cryptosporidiosis",5504,0.0,"D003457","C01.610.752.625.235",0,"Description: Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus<br>CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms<br>include severe DIARRHEA.",""],["Taeniasis",8607,0.0,"D013622","C01.610.335.190.902",2,"Description: Infection with tapeworms of the genus Taenia.",""],["Cytomegalovirus Infections",24308,0.1,"D003586","C01.925.256.466.245",1,"Description: Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by<br>enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be<br>in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common<br>site in children, as are the lungs in adults.",""],["Dengue",15551,0.0,"D003715","C01.925.782.417.214",1,"Description: An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of<br>AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting<br>and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE<br>DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.",""],["Dicrocoeliasis",237,0.0,"D004011","C01.610.335.865.224",0,"Description: Infection with flukes of the genus Dicrocoelium.",""],["Dictyocaulus Infections",528,0.0,"D004022","C01.610.335.349.315",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus DICTYOCAULUS.<br>In deer, cattle, sheep, and horses the bronchi are the site of<br>infestation.",""],["Dictyocaulus Infections",528,0.0,"D004022","C01.610.701.377.315",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus DICTYOCAULUS.<br>In deer, cattle, sheep, and horses the bronchi are the site of<br>infestation.",""],["Diphyllobothriasis",1136,0.0,"D004169","C01.610.335.190.304",1,"Description: Infection with tapeworms of the genus<br>Diphyllobothrium.",""],["Dirofilariasis",2571,0.0,"D004184","C01.610.335.349.320",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus DIROFILARIA,<br>usually in animals, especially dogs, but occasionally in man.",""],["Dirofilariasis",2571,0.0,"D004184","C01.610.701.377.320",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus DIROFILARIA,<br>usually in animals, especially dogs, but occasionally in man.",""],["Paramyxoviridae Infections",38424,0.1,"D018184","C01.925.782.580.600",15,"Description: Infections with viruses of the family<br>PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. This includes MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTIONS;<br>RESPIROVIRUS INFECTIONS; PNEUMOVIRUS INFECTIONS; HENIPAVIRUS<br>INFECTIONS; AVULAVIRUS INFECTIONS; and RUBULAVIRUS INFECTIONS.",""],["Dourine",58,0.0,"D004313","C01.610.701.688.367",0,"Description: A disease of horses and donkeys caused by<br>Trypanosoma equiperdum. The disease occurs in Africa, the<br>Americas, and Asia.",""],["Dourine",58,0.0,"D004313","C01.610.752.625.367",0,"Description: A disease of horses and donkeys caused by<br>Trypanosoma equiperdum. The disease occurs in Africa, the<br>Americas, and Asia.",""],["Dysentery, Amebic",3842,0.0,"D004404","C01.610.752.049.328",0,"Description: DYSENTERY caused by intestinal amebic infection,<br>chiefly with ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA. This condition may be<br>associated with amebic infection of the LIVER and other distant<br>sites.",""],["Enterobacteriaceae Infections",95905,0.3,"D004756","C01.150.252.400.310",16,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.",""],["Echinococcosis",22789,0.1,"D004443","C01.610.335.190.396",2,"Description: An infection caused by the infestation of the larval<br>form of tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus. The liver, lungs,<br>and kidney are the most common areas of infestation.",""],["Echinostomiasis",272,0.0,"D004451","C01.610.335.865.282",0,"Description: Infection by flukes of the genus Echinostoma.",""],["Streptococcal Infections",74049,0.2,"D013290","C01.150.252.410.890",10,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.",""],["Ecthyma",364,0.0,"D004473","C01.150.252.819.210",0,"Description: An ulcerative pyoderma usually caused by group A<br>beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection at the site of minor<br>trauma. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Ecthyma, Contagious",624,0.0,"D004474","C01.925.256.743.193",0,"Description: An infectious dermatitis of sheep and goats,<br>affecting primarily the muzzle and lips. It is caused by a<br>poxvirus and may be transmitted to man.",""],["Ectromelia, Infectious",309,0.0,"D004482","C01.925.256.743.239",0,"Description: A viral infection of mice, causing edema and<br>necrosis followed by limb loss.",""],["Empyema, Tuberculous",689,0.0,"D004654","C01.830.305.310.320",0,"Description: Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Encephalitis, Arbovirus",13566,0.0,"D004671","C01.207.245.340.300",5,"Description: Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne<br>viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families<br>TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and<br>RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by<br>ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate<br>hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of<br>mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include<br>fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994<br>Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System,<br>10th ed, p321)",""],["Encephalitis, Arbovirus",13566,0.0,"D004671","C01.207.399.750.300",5,"Description: Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne<br>viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families<br>TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and<br>RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by<br>ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate<br>hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of<br>mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include<br>fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994<br>Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System,<br>10th ed, p321)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C01.920.500.343.340",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C01.925.081.343.340",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, Arbovirus",13566,0.0,"D004671","C01.925.182.525.300",5,"Description: Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne<br>viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families<br>TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and<br>RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by<br>ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate<br>hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of<br>mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include<br>fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994<br>Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System,<br>10th ed, p321)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C01.925.782.147.340",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C01.925.782.310.340",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C01.920.500.343.345",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C01.925.081.343.345",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C01.925.782.310.345",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C01.920.500.343.350",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C01.925.081.343.350",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C01.925.782.310.350",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C01.920.500.343.360",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C01.925.081.343.360",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C01.925.782.310.360",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C01.207.245.340.450",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C01.207.399.750.450",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C01.920.500.078.370",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C01.920.500.343.655",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C01.925.081.343.655",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1826,0.0,"D004683","C01.925.182.525.450",2,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Alphavirus Infections",6353,0.0,"D018354","C01.925.782.930.100",5,"Description: Virus diseases caused by members of the ALPHAVIRUS<br>genus of the family TOGAVIRIDAE.",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C01.207.291.323.325",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial",1942,0.0,"D004698","C01.150.252.245.500",0,"Description: ENDOCARDIUM infection that is usually caused by<br>STREPTOCOCCUS. Subacute infective endocarditis evolves over weeks<br>and months with modest toxicity and rare metastatic infection.",""],["Entamoebiasis",1639,0.0,"D004749","C01.610.752.049.407",0,"Description: Infection with amoebae of the genus ENTAMOEBA.<br>Infection with E. histolytica causes DYSENTERY, AMEBIC and LIVER<br>ABSCESS, AMEBIC.",""],["Rhabdoviridae Infections",12716,0.0,"D018353","C01.925.782.580.830",4,"Description: Virus diseases caused by RHABDOVIRIDAE. Important<br>infections include RABIES; EPHEMERAL FEVER; and vesicular<br>stomatitis.",""],["Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis",498,0.0,"D004819","C01.925.825.810.260",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive trait with impaired cell-<br>mediated immunity. About 15 human papillomaviruses are implicated<br>in associated infection, four of which lead to skin neoplasms.<br>The disease begins in childhood with red papules and later<br>spreads over the body as gray or yellow scales.",""],["Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis",498,0.0,"D004819","C01.925.928.914.345",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive trait with impaired cell-<br>mediated immunity. About 15 human papillomaviruses are implicated<br>in associated infection, four of which lead to skin neoplasms.<br>The disease begins in childhood with red papules and later<br>spreads over the body as gray or yellow scales.",""],["Erysipelas",1181,0.0,"D004886","C01.150.252.819.260",0,"Description: An acute infection of the skin caused by species of<br>STREPTOCOCCUS. This disease most frequently affects infants,<br>young children, and the elderly. Characteristics include pink-to-<br>red lesions that spread rapidly and are warm to the touch. The<br>commonest site of involvement is the face.",""],["Erysipelothrix Infections",1201,0.0,"D004889","C01.150.252.410.334",2,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus<br>ERYSIPELOTHRIX.",""],["Tuberculosis, Cutaneous",4494,0.0,"D014382","C01.150.252.819.820",2,"Description: Tuberculosis of the skin. It includes scrofuloderma<br>and tuberculid, but not LUPUS VULGARIS.",""],["Erythema Induratum",242,0.0,"D004891","C01.800.720.820.260",0,"Description: A type of panniculitis characterized histologically<br>by the presence of granulomas, vasculitis, and necrosis. It is<br>traditionally considered to be the tuberculous counterpart of<br>nodular vasculitis, but is now known to occur without tuberculous<br>precedent. It is seen most commonly in adolescent and menopausal<br>women, is initiated or exacerbated by cold weather, and typically<br>presents as one or more recurrent erythrocyanotic nodules or<br>plaques on the calves. The nodules may progress to form<br>indurations, ulcerations, and scars.",""],["Erythrasma",100,0.0,"D004894","C01.150.252.819.320",0,"Description: A chronic bacterial infection of major folds of the<br>skin, caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.",""],["Roseolovirus Infections",1622,0.0,"D019349","C01.925.256.466.850",1,"Description: Infection with ROSEOLOVIRUS, the most common in<br>humans being EXANTHEMA SUBITUM, a benign disease of infants and<br>young children.",""],["Fascioliasis",3908,0.0,"D005211","C01.610.335.865.354",0,"Description: Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic<br>flukes of the genus FASCIOLA, such as FASCIOLA HEPATICA.",""],["Fascioloidiasis",67,0.0,"D005213","C01.610.335.349.444",0,"Description: Infection of cattle and other herbivores with the<br>giant liver fluke Fascioloides magna. It is characterized by<br>extensive destruction of the liver parenchyma.",""],["Fascioloidiasis",67,0.0,"D005213","C01.610.335.865.399",0,"Description: Infection of cattle and other herbivores with the<br>giant liver fluke Fascioloides magna. It is characterized by<br>extensive destruction of the liver parenchyma.",""],["Fascioloidiasis",67,0.0,"D005213","C01.610.701.377.444",0,"Description: Infection of cattle and other herbivores with the<br>giant liver fluke Fascioloides magna. It is characterized by<br>extensive destruction of the liver parenchyma.",""],["Feline Panleukopenia",226,0.0,"D005254","C01.925.256.700.363",0,"Description: A highly contagious DNA virus infection of the cat<br>family, characterized by fever, enteritis and bone marrow<br>changes. It is also called feline ataxia, feline agranulocytosis,<br>feline infectious enteritis, cat fever, cat plague, and show<br>fever. It is caused by FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA VIRUS or the closely<br>related MINK ENTERITIS VIRUS or CANINE PARVOVIRUS.",""],["Foot Rot",448,0.0,"D005535","C01.150.252.400.369",0,"Description: A disease of the horny parts and of the adjacent<br>soft structures of the feet of cattle, swine, and sheep. It is<br>usually caused by Corynebacterium pyogenes or Bacteroides nodosus<br>(see DICHELOBACTER NODOSUS). It is also known as interdigital<br>necrobacillosis. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 18th ed)",""],["Foot-and-Mouth Disease",4826,0.0,"D005536","C01.925.782.687.484",0,"Description: A highly infectious disease caused by FOOT AND MOUTH<br>DISEASE VIRUS that affects mammals of the ARTIODACTYLA order<br>(CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; and PIGS) and is characterized by high<br>fever followed by the appearance of blisters inside the mouth and<br>on the feet.",""],["Influenza in Birds",7596,0.0,"D005585","C01.925.782.620.300",0,"Description: Infection of domestic and wild fowl and other BIRDS<br>with INFLUENZA A VIRUS. Avian influenza usually does not sicken<br>birds, but can be highly pathogenic and fatal in domestic<br>POULTRY.",""],["Fowlpox",247,0.0,"D005586","C01.925.256.743.366",0,"Description: A poxvirus infection of poultry and other birds<br>characterized by the formation of wart-like nodules on the skin<br>and diphtheritic necrotic masses (cankers) in the upper digestive<br>and respiratory tracts.",""],["Fusobacteriaceae Infections",2666,0.0,"D045825","C01.150.252.400.388",3,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>Fusobacteriaceae, in the order Fusobacterales, phylum<br>FUSOBACTERIA.",""],["Burkholderia Infections",3837,0.0,"D019121","C01.150.252.400.170",2,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus BURKHOLDERIA.",""],["Neisseriaceae Infections",24847,0.1,"D016870","C01.150.252.400.625",5,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>NEISSERIACEAE.",""],["Gonorrhea",12243,0.0,"D006069","C01.150.252.734.401",0,"Description: Acute infectious disease characterized by primary<br>invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA<br>GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.",""],["Gonorrhea",12243,0.0,"D006069","C01.221.812.281.401",0,"Description: Acute infectious disease characterized by primary<br>invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA<br>GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.",""],["Granuloma Inguinale",548,0.0,"D006100","C01.150.252.734.451",0,"Description: Anogenital ulcers caused by Calymmatobacterium<br>granulomatis as distinguished from lymphogranuloma inguinale (see<br>LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM) caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.<br>Diagnosis is made by demonstration of typical intracellular<br>Donovan bodies in crushed-tissue smears.",""],["Granuloma Inguinale",548,0.0,"D006100","C01.150.252.819.360",0,"Description: Anogenital ulcers caused by Calymmatobacterium<br>granulomatis as distinguished from lymphogranuloma inguinale (see<br>LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM) caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.<br>Diagnosis is made by demonstration of typical intracellular<br>Donovan bodies in crushed-tissue smears.",""],["Granuloma Inguinale",548,0.0,"D006100","C01.221.812.281.451",0,"Description: Anogenital ulcers caused by Calymmatobacterium<br>granulomatis as distinguished from lymphogranuloma inguinale (see<br>LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM) caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.<br>Diagnosis is made by demonstration of typical intracellular<br>Donovan bodies in crushed-tissue smears.",""],["Ehrlichiosis",2743,0.0,"D016873","C01.150.252.400.285",1,"Description: A tick-borne disease characterized by FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; myalgias; ANOREXIA; and occasionally RASH. It is caused<br>by several bacterial species and can produce disease in DOGS;<br>CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; HORSES; and humans. The primary species<br>causing human disease are EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS; ANAPLASMA<br>PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; and Ehrlichia ewingii.",""],["Heartwater Disease",405,0.0,"D006357","C01.920.930.300.500",0,"Description: A tick-borne septicemic disease of domestic and wild<br>ruminants caused by EHRLICHIA RUMINANTIUM.",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, American",411,0.0,"D006478","C01.925.782.082.440",0,"Description: Diseases caused by American hemorrhagic fever<br>viruses (ARENAVIRUSES, NEW WORLD).",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, American",411,0.0,"D006478","C01.925.782.417.400",0,"Description: Diseases caused by American hemorrhagic fever<br>viruses (ARENAVIRUSES, NEW WORLD).",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean",1311,0.0,"D006479","C01.925.782.147.444",0,"Description: A severe, often fatal disease in humans caused by<br>the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (HEMORRHAGIC FEVER<br>VIRUS, CRIMEAN-CONGO).",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean",1311,0.0,"D006479","C01.925.782.417.412",0,"Description: A severe, often fatal disease in humans caused by<br>the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (HEMORRHAGIC FEVER<br>VIRUS, CRIMEAN-CONGO).",""],["Hantavirus Infections",4903,0.0,"D018778","C01.925.782.147.420",2,"Description: Infections with viruses of the genus HANTAVIRUS.<br>This is associated with at least four clinical syndromes:<br>HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME caused by viruses of the<br>Hantaan group; a milder form of HFRS caused by SEOUL VIRUS;<br>nephropathia epidemica caused by PUUMALA VIRUS; and HANTAVIRUS<br>PULMONARY SYNDROME caused by SIN NOMBRE VIRUS.",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome",2830,0.0,"D006480","C01.925.782.417.300",0,"Description: An acute febrile disease occurring predominately in<br>Asia. It is characterized by fever, prostration, vomiting,<br>hemorrhagic phenonema, shock, and renal failure. It is caused by<br>any one of several closely related species of the genus<br>Hantavirus. The most severe form is caused by HANTAAN VIRUS whose<br>natural host is the rodent Apodemus agrarius. Milder forms are<br>caused by SEOUL VIRUS and transmitted by the rodents Rattus<br>rattus and R. norvegicus, and the PUUMALA VIRUS with transmission<br>by Clethrionomys galreolus.",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Omsk",26,0.0,"D006481","C01.925.782.417.435",0,"Description: Infection with the Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, a<br>Flavivirus.",""],["Hemorrhagic Septicemia",214,0.0,"D006483","C01.150.252.100.375",0,"Description: Any of several bacterial diseases, usually caused by<br>PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA, marked by the presence of hemorrhagic<br>areas in the subcutaneous tissues, serous membranes, muscles,<br>lymph glands, and throughout the internal organs. The diseases<br>primarily affect animals and rarely humans.",""],["Hepatitis B",57223,0.2,"D006509","C01.925.256.430.400",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a<br>member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is<br>primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion<br>of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be<br>transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepatitis, Infectious Canine",119,0.0,"D006522","C01.925.256.076.381",0,"Description: A contagious disease caused by canine adenovirus<br>(ADENOVIRUSES, CANINE) infecting the LIVER, the EYE, the KIDNEY,<br>and other organs in dogs, other canids, and bears. Symptoms<br>include FEVER; EDEMA; VOMITING; and DIARRHEA.",""],["Hepatitis C",70081,0.2,"D006526","C01.925.782.350.350",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation<br>period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by<br>contaminated blood parenterally and is often associated with<br>transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant<br>number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.",""],["Herpes Genitalis",4314,0.0,"D006558","C01.221.812.640.350",0,"Description: Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES<br>SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.",""],["Herpes Simplex",22388,0.1,"D006561","C01.925.256.466.382",6,"Description: A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex<br>virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development<br>of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised<br>erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a<br>primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent<br>infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)",""],["Herpes Labialis",856,0.0,"D006560","C01.925.825.320.320",0,"Description: Herpes simplex, caused by type 1 virus, primarily<br>spread by oral secretions and usually occurring as a concomitant<br>of fever. It may also develop in the absence of fever or prior<br>illness. It commonly involves the facial region, especially the<br>lips and the nares. (Dorland, 27th ed.)",""],["HIV Seropositivity",15688,0.0,"D006679","C01.221.250.875.500",0,"Description: Development of neutralizing antibodies in<br>individuals who have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency<br>virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV).",""],["HIV Seropositivity",15688,0.0,"D006679","C01.778.640.400.500",0,"Description: Development of neutralizing antibodies in<br>individuals who have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency<br>virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV).",""],["HIV Seropositivity",15688,0.0,"D006679","C01.925.813.400.500",0,"Description: Development of neutralizing antibodies in<br>individuals who have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency<br>virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV).",""],["Hordeolum",86,0.0,"D006726","C01.150.252.289.400",0,"Description: Purulent infection of one of the sebaceous glands of<br>Zeis along the eyelid margin (external) or of the meibomian gland<br>on the conjunctival side of the eyelid (internal).",""],["Deltaretrovirus Infections",7847,0.0,"D006800","C01.925.782.815.200",4,"Description: Infections caused by the HTLV or BLV<br>deltaretroviruses. They include human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma<br>(LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, ACUTE, HTLV-I-ASSOCIATED).",""],["Hymenolepiasis",848,0.0,"D006925","C01.610.335.190.519",0,"Description: Infection with tapeworms of the genus Hymenolepis.",""],["Myiasis",3594,0.0,"D009198","C01.610.858.211.503",2,"Description: The invasion of living tissues of man and other<br>mammals by dipterous larvae.",""],["Impetigo",1026,0.0,"D007169","C01.800.720.770.360",0,"Description: A common superficial bacterial infection caused by<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.<br>Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and<br>discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a<br>crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially<br>about the mouth and nose.",""],["Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis",661,0.0,"D007241","C01.925.256.466.488",0,"Description: A herpesvirus infection of CATTLE characterized by<br>INFLAMMATION and NECROSIS of the mucous membranes of the upper<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT.",""],["Influenza, Human",54284,0.2,"D007251","C01.925.782.620.365",0,"Description: An acute viral infection in humans involving the<br>respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL<br>MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe,<br>often generalized, myalgia.",""],["Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption",633,0.0,"D007617","C01.925.825.320.410",0,"Description: A disseminated vesicular-pustular eruption caused by<br>the herpes simplex virus (HERPESVIRUS HOMINIS), the VACCINIA<br>VIRUS, or Varicella zoster (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). It is usually<br>superimposed on a preexisting, inactive or active, atopic<br>dermatitis (DERMATITIS, ATOPIC).",""],["Keratitis, Dendritic",2003,0.0,"D007635","C01.375.725.465.450",0,"Description: A form of herpetic keratitis characterized by the<br>formation of small vesicles which break down and coalesce to form<br>recurring dendritic ulcers, characteristically irregular, linear,<br>branching, and ending in knoblike extremities. (Dictionary of<br>Visual Science, 3d ed)",""],["Keratitis, Dendritic",2003,0.0,"D007635","C01.925.325.465.450",0,"Description: A form of herpetic keratitis characterized by the<br>formation of small vesicles which break down and coalesce to form<br>recurring dendritic ulcers, characteristically irregular, linear,<br>branching, and ending in knoblike extremities. (Dictionary of<br>Visual Science, 3d ed)",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious",260,0.0,"D007639","C01.150.252.289.450",0,"Description: Infectious diseases of cattle, sheep, and goats,<br>characterized by blepharospasm, lacrimation, conjunctivitis, and<br>varying degrees of corneal opacity and ulceration. In cattle the<br>causative agent is MORAXELLA (MORAXELLA) BOVIS; in sheep,<br>MYCOPLASMA; RICKETTSIA; CHLAMYDIA; or ACHOLEPLASMA; in goats,<br>RICKETTSIA.",""],["Kyasanur Forest Disease",106,0.0,"D007733","C01.925.782.417.475",0,"Description: Tick-borne flavivirus infection occurring in the<br>Kyasanur Forest in India.",""],["Larva Migrans",1574,0.0,"D007815","C01.610.335.508.523",1,"Description: Infections caused by nematode larvae which never<br>develop into the adult stage and migrate through various body<br>tissues. They commonly infect the skin, eyes, and viscera in man.<br>Ancylostoma brasiliensis causes cutaneous larva migrans. Toxocara<br>causes visceral larva migrans.",""],["Lassa Fever",792,0.0,"D007835","C01.925.782.082.545",0,"Description: An acute febrile human disease caused by the LASSA<br>VIRUS.",""],["Lassa Fever",792,0.0,"D007835","C01.925.782.417.505",0,"Description: An acute febrile human disease caused by the LASSA<br>VIRUS.",""],["Legionellosis",5645,0.0,"D007876","C01.150.252.400.500",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus LEGIONELLA.",""],["Leishmaniasis",26676,0.1,"D007896","C01.610.752.300.500",4,"Description: A disease caused by any of a number of species of<br>protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical<br>types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World)<br>(LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS,<br>DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS),<br>and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).",""],["Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous",8987,0.0,"D016773","C01.610.858.560.400",2,"Description: An endemic disease that is characterized by the<br>development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed<br>areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been<br>divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is<br>separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and<br>clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L.<br>tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the<br>L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American<br>leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused<br>by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.",""],["Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous",1150,0.0,"D007897","C01.920.813.400.385",0,"Description: A disease characterized by the chronic, progressive<br>spread of lesions from New World cutaneous leishmaniasis caused<br>by species of the L. braziliensis complex to the nasal,<br>pharyngeal, and buccal mucosa some time after the appearance of<br>the initial cutaneous lesion. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis are<br>frequent presenting symptoms.",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C01.207.245.340.500",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C01.207.399.750.500",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C01.925.182.525.500",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C01.925.256.721.500",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Listeriosis",7394,0.0,"D008088","C01.150.252.410.514",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus LISTERIA.",""],["Liver Abscess",8057,0.0,"D008100","C01.830.025.020.455",2,"Description: Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the<br>liver as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other<br>agents.",""],["Liver Abscess, Amebic",2838,0.0,"D008101","C01.610.752.049.703",0,"Description: Single or multiple areas of PUS due to infection by<br>any ameboid protozoa (AMEBIASIS). A common form is caused by the<br>ingestion of ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA.",""],["Lumpy Skin Disease",244,0.0,"D008166","C01.925.256.743.494",0,"Description: A poxvirus infection of cattle characterized by the<br>appearance of nodules on all parts of the skin.",""],["Lupus Vulgaris",1496,0.0,"D008177","C01.800.720.820.470",0,"Description: A form of cutaneous tuberculosis. It is seen<br>predominantly in women and typically involves the NASAL MUCOSA;<br>BUCCAL MUCOSA; and conjunctival mucosa.",""],["Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis",1772,0.0,"D008216","C01.207.245.500.500",0,"Description: A form of meningitis caused by LYMPHOCYTIC<br>CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS. MICE and other rodents serve as the<br>natural hosts, and infection in humans usually occurs through<br>inhalation or ingestion of infectious particles. Clinical<br>manifestations include an influenza-like syndrome followed by<br>stiff neck, alterations of mentation, ATAXIA, and incontinence.<br>Maternal infections may result in fetal malformations and injury,<br>including neonatal HYDROCEPHALUS, aqueductal stenosis,<br>CHORIORETINITIS, and MICROCEPHALY. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)",""],["Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis",1772,0.0,"D008216","C01.925.182.550.500",0,"Description: A form of meningitis caused by LYMPHOCYTIC<br>CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS. MICE and other rodents serve as the<br>natural hosts, and infection in humans usually occurs through<br>inhalation or ingestion of infectious particles. Clinical<br>manifestations include an influenza-like syndrome followed by<br>stiff neck, alterations of mentation, ATAXIA, and incontinence.<br>Maternal infections may result in fetal malformations and injury,<br>including neonatal HYDROCEPHALUS, aqueductal stenosis,<br>CHORIORETINITIS, and MICROCEPHALY. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)",""],["Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis",1772,0.0,"D008216","C01.925.782.082.580",0,"Description: A form of meningitis caused by LYMPHOCYTIC<br>CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS. MICE and other rodents serve as the<br>natural hosts, and infection in humans usually occurs through<br>inhalation or ingestion of infectious particles. Clinical<br>manifestations include an influenza-like syndrome followed by<br>stiff neck, alterations of mentation, ATAXIA, and incontinence.<br>Maternal infections may result in fetal malformations and injury,<br>including neonatal HYDROCEPHALUS, aqueductal stenosis,<br>CHORIORETINITIS, and MICROCEPHALY. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)",""],["Lymphogranuloma Venereum",1510,0.0,"D008219","C01.778.281.301.490",0,"Description: Subacute inflammation of the inguinal lymph glands<br>caused by certain immunotypes of CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. It is a<br>sexually transmitted disease in the U.S. but is more widespread<br>in developing countries. It is distinguished from granuloma<br>venereum (see GRANULOMA INGUINALE), which is caused by<br>Calymmatobacterium granulomatis.",""],["Mycetoma",2289,0.0,"D008271","C01.150.252.819.557",0,"Description: A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused<br>by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes<br>(actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses,<br>and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens,<br>such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with<br>different grain colors.",""],["Mycetoma",2289,0.0,"D008271","C01.150.703.302.500",0,"Description: A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused<br>by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes<br>(actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses,<br>and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens,<br>such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with<br>different grain colors.",""],["Malaria, Avian",665,0.0,"D008289","C01.610.752.530.606",0,"Description: Any of a group of infections of fowl caused by<br>protozoa of the genera PLASMODIUM, Leucocytozoon, and<br>Haemoproteus. The life cycles of these parasites and the disease<br>produced bears strong resemblance to those observed in human<br>malaria.",""],["Malignant Catarrh",419,0.0,"D008304","C01.925.256.466.606",0,"Description: A herpesvirus infection of cattle characterized by<br>catarrhal inflammation of the upper respiratory and alimentary<br>epithelia, keratoconjunctivitis, encephalitis and lymph node<br>enlargement. Syn: bovine epitheliosis, snotsiekte.",""],["Marburg Virus Disease",467,0.0,"D008379","C01.925.782.417.560",0,"Description: An RNA virus infection of rhesus, vervet, and<br>squirrel monkeys transmissible to man.",""],["Filoviridae Infections",7553,0.0,"D018702","C01.925.782.580.250",2,"Description: Infections with viruses of the family FILOVIRIDAE.<br>The infections in humans consist of a variety of clinically<br>similar viral hemorrhagic fevers but the natural reservoir host<br>is unknown.",""],["Marek Disease",1618,0.0,"D008380","C01.925.256.466.650",0,"Description: A transmissible viral disease of birds caused by<br>avian herpesvirus 2 (HERPESVIRUS 2, GALLID) and other MARDIVIRUS.<br>There is lymphoid cell infiltration or lymphomatous tumor<br>formation in the peripheral nerves and gonads, but may also<br>involve visceral organs, skin, muscle, and the eye.",""],["Meningitis, Bacterial",24539,0.1,"D016920","C01.150.252.223.500",7,"Description: Bacterial infections of the leptomeninges and<br>subarachnoid space, frequently involving the cerebral cortex,<br>cranial nerves, cerebral blood vessels, spinal cord, and nerve<br>roots.",""],["Meningitis, Haemophilus",1618,0.0,"D008583","C01.207.180.500.425",0,"Description: Infections of the nervous system caused by bacteria<br>of the genus HAEMOPHILUS, and marked by prominent inflammation of<br>the MENINGES. HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B is the most common<br>causative organism. The condition primarily affects children<br>under 6 years of age but may occur in adults.",""],["Meningitis, Listeria",692,0.0,"D008584","C01.207.180.500.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the meninges caused by LISTERIA<br>MONOCYTOGENES infection, usually occurring in individuals under<br>the age of 3 years or over the age of 50 years. It may occur at<br>any age in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES.<br>Clinical manifestations include FEVER, altered mentation,<br>HEADACHE, meningeal signs, focal neurologic signs, and SEIZURES.<br>(From Medicine 1998 Sep;77(5):313-36)",""],["Meningitis, Meningococcal",4703,0.0,"D008585","C01.207.180.500.750",1,"Description: A fulminant infection of the meninges and<br>subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS,<br>producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous<br>thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal<br>rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor,<br>focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism<br>is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a<br>leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults.<br>Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and<br>W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr<br>1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)",""],["Meningitis, Pneumococcal",2777,0.0,"D008586","C01.207.180.500.875",0,"Description: An acute purulent infection of the meninges and<br>subarachnoid space caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, most<br>prevalent in children and adults over the age of 60. This illness<br>may be associated with OTITIS MEDIA; MASTOIDITIS; SINUSITIS;<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; sickle cell disease (ANEMIA, SICKLE<br>CELL); skull fractures; and other disorders. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; neck stiffness; and<br>somnolence followed by SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits<br>(notably DEAFNESS); and COMA. (From Miller et al., Merritt's<br>Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p111)",""],["Mite Infestations",7233,0.0,"D008924","C01.610.858.211.480",2,"Description: Infestations with arthropods of the subclass ACARI,<br>superorder Acariformes.",""],["Molluscum Contagiosum",1379,0.0,"D008976","C01.925.256.743.611",0,"Description: A common, benign, usually self-limited viral<br>infection of the skin and occasionally the conjunctivae by a<br>poxvirus (MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM VIRUS). (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Monieziasis",72,0.0,"D008989","C01.610.335.190.628",0,"Description: Infection of ruminants with tapeworms of the genus<br>Moniezia.",""],["Monieziasis",72,0.0,"D008989","C01.610.335.349.656",0,"Description: Infection of ruminants with tapeworms of the genus<br>Moniezia.",""],["Monieziasis",72,0.0,"D008989","C01.610.701.377.656",0,"Description: Infection of ruminants with tapeworms of the genus<br>Moniezia.",""],["Mucormycosis",4496,0.0,"D009091","C01.150.703.980.600",0,"Description: Infection in humans and animals caused by any fungus<br>in the order MUCORALES (e.g., RHIZOPUS; MUCOR; CUNNINGHAMELLA;<br>APOPHYSOMYCES; ABSIDIA; SAKSENAEA and RHIZOMUCOR) There are many<br>clinical types associated with infection including central<br>nervous system, lung, gastrointestinal tract, skin, orbit and<br>paranasal sinuses. In humans, it usually occurs as an<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION.",""],["Mycoplasmatales Infections",13393,0.0,"D009180","C01.150.252.400.610",4,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the order<br>MYCOPLASMATALES.",""],["Myxomatosis, Infectious",201,0.0,"D009234","C01.925.256.743.665",0,"Description: Diseases caused by MYXOMA VIRUS.",""],["Nairobi Sheep Disease",30,0.0,"D009265","C01.925.782.147.633",0,"Description: An arbovirus infection of sheep and goats<br>transmitted by ticks. It is characterized by high fever and<br>hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.",""],["Neurosyphilis",3732,0.0,"D009494","C01.150.252.223.600",1,"Description: Infections of the central nervous system caused by<br>TREPONEMA PALLIDUM which present with a variety of clinical<br>syndromes. The initial phase of infection usually causes a mild<br>or asymptomatic meningeal reaction. The meningovascular form may<br>present acutely as BRAIN INFARCTION. The infection may also<br>remain subclinical for several years. Late syndromes include<br>general paresis; TABES DORSALIS; meningeal syphilis; syphilitic<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; and spinal syphilis. General paresis is<br>characterized by progressive DEMENTIA; DYSARTHRIA; TREMOR;<br>MYOCLONUS; SEIZURES; and Argyll-Robertson pupils. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp722-8)",""],["Ophthalmia Neonatorum",573,0.0,"D009878","C01.375.354.220.625",0,"Description: Acute conjunctival inflammation in the newborn,<br>usually caused by maternal gonococcal infection. The causative<br>agent is NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE. The baby's eyes are contaminated<br>during passage through the birth canal.",""],["Opisthorchiasis",1647,0.0,"D009889","C01.610.335.865.685",0,"Description: Infection with flukes of the genus Opisthorchis.",""],["Uveitis, Suppurative",301,0.0,"D015829","C01.150.252.289.900",1,"Description: Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing<br>bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an<br>injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic<br>emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or<br>meningococcemia.",""],["Uveitis, Suppurative",301,0.0,"D015829","C01.150.703.320.900",1,"Description: Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing<br>bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an<br>injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic<br>emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or<br>meningococcemia.",""],["Panophthalmitis",280,0.0,"D010202","C01.375.354.900.675",0,"Description: Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with<br>necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the cornea) and extension<br>of the inflammation into the orbit. Pain may be severe and the<br>globe may rupture. In endophthalmitis the globe does not rupture.",""],["Panophthalmitis",280,0.0,"D010202","C01.375.450.900.675",0,"Description: Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with<br>necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the cornea) and extension<br>of the inflammation into the orbit. Pain may be severe and the<br>globe may rupture. In endophthalmitis the globe does not rupture.",""],["Phlebotomus Fever",421,0.0,"D010217","C01.925.782.147.700",0,"Description: Influenza-like febrile viral disease caused by<br>several members of the BUNYAVIRIDAE family and transmitted mostly<br>by the bloodsucking sandfly Phlebotomus papatasii.",""],["Paragonimiasis",1175,0.0,"D010237","C01.610.335.865.741",0,"Description: Infection with TREMATODA of the genus PARAGONIMUS.",""],["Lice Infestations",2568,0.0,"D010373","C01.610.858.211.465",0,"Description: Parasitic attack or subsistence on the skin by<br>members of the order Phthiraptera, especially on humans by<br>Pediculus humanus of the family Pediculidae. The hair of the<br>head, eyelashes, and pubis is a frequent site of infestation.<br>(From Dorland, 28th ed; Stedman, 26th ed)",""],["Pinta",138,0.0,"D010874","C01.150.252.819.630",0,"Description: An infectious disease of the skin caused by<br>Treponema carateum that occurs only in the western hemisphere.<br>Age of onset is between 10 and 20 years of age. This condition is<br>characterized by marked changes in the skin color and is believed<br>to be transmitted by direct person-to-person contact.",""],["Pneumonia, Lipid",632,0.0,"D011017","C01.748.610.529.612",0,"Description: Pneumonia due to aspiration or inhalation of various<br>oily or fatty substances.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumococcal",4532,0.0,"D011018","C01.150.252.620.550",0,"Description: A febrile disease caused by STREPTOCOCCUS<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumococcal",4532,0.0,"D011018","C01.748.610.540.550",0,"Description: A febrile disease caused by STREPTOCOCCUS<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Pneumonia, Mycoplasma",4054,0.0,"D011019","C01.150.252.620.500",0,"Description: Interstitial pneumonia caused by extensive infection<br>of the lungs (LUNG) and BRONCHI, particularly the lower lobes of<br>the lungs, by MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE in humans. In SHEEP, it is<br>caused by MYCOPLASMA OVIPNEUMONIAE. In CATTLE, it may be caused<br>by MYCOPLASMA DISPAR.",""],["Pneumonia, Mycoplasma",4054,0.0,"D011019","C01.748.610.540.545",0,"Description: Interstitial pneumonia caused by extensive infection<br>of the lungs (LUNG) and BRONCHI, particularly the lower lobes of<br>the lungs, by MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE in humans. In SHEEP, it is<br>caused by MYCOPLASMA OVIPNEUMONIAE. In CATTLE, it may be caused<br>by MYCOPLASMA DISPAR.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumocystis",7434,0.0,"D011020","C01.150.703.534.700",0,"Description: A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in<br>immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants,<br>characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis<br>pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS.<br>It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is<br>also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species<br>of Pneumocystis.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumocystis",7434,0.0,"D011020","C01.150.703.770.700",0,"Description: A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in<br>immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants,<br>characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis<br>pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS.<br>It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is<br>also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species<br>of Pneumocystis.",""],["Pneumonia, Rickettsial",61,0.0,"D011022","C01.748.610.540.600",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infection with bacteria of the<br>family RICKETTSIACEAE.",""],["Pneumonia, Staphylococcal",1636,0.0,"D011023","C01.150.252.620.620",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the<br>genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.",""],["Pneumonia, Staphylococcal",1636,0.0,"D011023","C01.748.610.540.620",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the<br>genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.",""],["Poliomyelitis, Bulbar",880,0.0,"D011052","C01.207.618.750.500",0,"Description: A form of paralytic poliomyelitis affecting neurons<br>of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the brain stem. Clinical features<br>include impaired respiration, HYPERTENSION, alterations of<br>vasomotor control, and dysphagia. Weakness and atrophy of the<br>limbs and trunk due to spinal cord involvement is usually<br>associated. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p765)",""],["Pseudomonas Infections",15885,0.0,"D011552","C01.150.252.400.739",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.",""],["Pseudorabies",1657,0.0,"D011557","C01.925.256.466.793",0,"Description: A highly contagious herpesvirus infection affecting<br>the central nervous system of swine, cattle, dogs, cats, rats,<br>and other animals.",""],["Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine",247,0.0,"D011648","C01.925.782.815.725",0,"Description: A contagious, neoplastic, pulmonary disease of sheep<br>characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of pneumocytes and<br>epithelial cells of the lung. It is caused by JAAGSIEKTE SHEEP<br>RETROVIRUS.",""],["Q Fever",5161,0.0,"D011778","C01.150.252.400.755",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease caused by COXIELLA<br>BURNETII. It is characterized by a sudden onset of FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; malaise; and weakness. In humans, it is commonly<br>contracted by inhalation of infected dusts derived from infected<br>domestic animals (ANIMALS, DOMESTIC).",""],["Rat-Bite Fever",310,0.0,"D011906","C01.150.252.400.771",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by recurring fever, rash,<br>and arthralgias occurring days to weeks after a rat bite. The<br>causative agents are either Streptobacillus moniliformis or<br>Spirillum minus.",""],["Rhinoscleroma",812,0.0,"D012226","C01.150.252.819.705",0,"Description: A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA<br>RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not<br>limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of<br>the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and<br>the skin.",""],["Rift Valley Fever",1265,0.0,"D012295","C01.925.782.147.810",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by the RIFT VALLEY FEVER<br>VIRUS, an RNA arthropod-borne virus, affecting domestic animals<br>and humans. In animals, symptoms include HEPATITIS; abortion<br>(ABORTION, VETERINARY); and DEATH. In humans, symptoms range from<br>those of a flu-like disease to hemorrhagic fever, ENCEPHALITIS,<br>or BLINDNESS.",""],["Rift Valley Fever",1265,0.0,"D012295","C01.925.782.417.762",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by the RIFT VALLEY FEVER<br>VIRUS, an RNA arthropod-borne virus, affecting domestic animals<br>and humans. In animals, symptoms include HEPATITIS; abortion<br>(ABORTION, VETERINARY); and DEATH. In humans, symptoms range from<br>those of a flu-like disease to hemorrhagic fever, ENCEPHALITIS,<br>or BLINDNESS.",""],["Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever",1324,0.0,"D012373","C01.920.930.887.500",0,"Description: An acute febrile illness caused by RICKETTSIA<br>RICKETTSII. It is transmitted to humans by bites of infected<br>ticks and occurs only in North and South America. Characteristics<br>include a sudden onset with headache and chills and fever lasting<br>about two to three weeks. A cutaneous rash commonly appears on<br>the extremities and trunk about the fourth day of illness.",""],["Rotavirus Infections",8355,0.0,"D012400","C01.925.782.791.814",0,"Description: Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific<br>infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf<br>diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice.",""],["Rubivirus Infections",7289,0.0,"D018355","C01.925.782.930.700",2,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the RUBIVIRUS genus, of the<br>family TOGAVIRIDAE.",""],["Sarcoma, Kaposi",8840,0.0,"D012514","C01.925.256.466.860",0,"Description: A multicentric, malignant neoplastic vascular<br>proliferation characterized by the development of bluish-red<br>cutaneous nodules, usually on the lower extremities, most often<br>on the toes or feet, and slowly increasing in size and number and<br>spreading to more proximal areas. The tumors have endothelium-<br>lined channels and vascular spaces admixed with variably sized<br>aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, and often remain confined to<br>the skin and subcutaneous tissue, but widespread visceral<br>involvement may occur. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs spontaneously in<br>Jewish and Italian males in Europe and the United States. An<br>aggressive variant in young children is endemic in some areas of<br>Africa. A third form occurs in about 0.04% of kidney transplant<br>patients. There is also a high incidence in AIDS patients. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed,<br>pp2105-7) HHV-8 is the suspected cause.",""],["Sarcocystosis",1479,0.0,"D012523","C01.610.752.250.634",0,"Description: Infection of the striated muscle of mammals by<br>parasites of the genus SARCOCYSTIS. Disease symptoms such as<br>vomiting, diarrhea, muscle weakness, and paralysis are produced<br>by sarcocystin, a toxin produced by the organism.",""],["Schistosomiasis",24883,0.1,"D012552","C01.610.335.865.859",4,"Description: Infection with flukes (trematodes) of the genus<br>SCHISTOSOMA. Three species produce the most frequent clinical<br>diseases: SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM (endemic in Africa and the<br>Middle East), SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (in Egypt, northern and<br>southern Africa, some West Indies islands, northern 2/3 of South<br>America), and SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM (in Japan, China, the<br>Philippines, Celebes, Thailand, Laos). S. mansoni is often seen<br>in Puerto Ricans living in the United States.",""],["Setariasis",87,0.0,"D012719","C01.610.335.349.820",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus Setaria. This<br>condition is usually seen in cattle and equines and is of little<br>pathogenic significance, although migration of the worm to the<br>eye may lead to blindness.",""],["Setariasis",87,0.0,"D012719","C01.610.701.377.820",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus Setaria. This<br>condition is usually seen in cattle and equines and is of little<br>pathogenic significance, although migration of the worm to the<br>eye may lead to blindness.",""],["Smallpox",5154,0.0,"D012899","C01.925.256.743.826",0,"Description: An acute, highly contagious, often fatal infectious<br>disease caused by an orthopoxvirus characterized by a biphasic<br>febrile course and distinctive progressive skin eruptions.<br>Vaccination has succeeded in eradicating smallpox worldwide.<br>(Dorland, 28th ed)",""],["Sporotrichosis",1892,0.0,"D013174","C01.150.703.302.675",0,"Description: The commonest and least serious of the deep mycoses,<br>characterized by nodular lesions of the cutaneous and<br>subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by inhalation of contaminated<br>dust or by infection of a wound with SPOROTHRIX.",""],["Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome",383,0.0,"D013206","C01.800.720.770.770",0,"Description: A disease of infants due to group 2 phage type 17<br>staphylococci that produce an epidermolytic exotoxin. Superficial<br>fine vesicles and bullae form and rupture easily, resulting in<br>loss of large sheets of epidermis.",""],["Strongyle Infections, Equine",479,0.0,"D013319","C01.610.335.349.840",0,"Description: Infection of horses with parasitic nematodes of the<br>superfamily STRONGYLOIDEA. Characteristics include the<br>development of hemorrhagic nodules on the abdominal peritoneum.",""],["Strongyle Infections, Equine",479,0.0,"D013319","C01.610.701.377.840",0,"Description: Infection of horses with parasitic nematodes of the<br>superfamily STRONGYLOIDEA. Characteristics include the<br>development of hemorrhagic nodules on the abdominal peritoneum.",""],["Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis",2058,0.0,"D013344","C01.207.245.340.600",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by<br>chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The condition occurs<br>primarily in children and young adults, approximately 2-8 years<br>after the initial infection. A gradual decline in intellectual<br>abilities and behavioral alterations are followed by progressive<br>MYOCLONUS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; autonomic<br>dysfunction; and ATAXIA. DEATH usually occurs 1-3 years after<br>disease onset. Pathologic features include perivascular cuffing,<br>eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, neurophagia, and fibrous<br>gliosis. It is caused by the SSPE virus, which is a defective<br>variant of MEASLES VIRUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp767-8)",""],["Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis",2058,0.0,"D013344","C01.207.399.750.600",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by<br>chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The condition occurs<br>primarily in children and young adults, approximately 2-8 years<br>after the initial infection. A gradual decline in intellectual<br>abilities and behavioral alterations are followed by progressive<br>MYOCLONUS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; autonomic<br>dysfunction; and ATAXIA. DEATH usually occurs 1-3 years after<br>disease onset. Pathologic features include perivascular cuffing,<br>eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, neurophagia, and fibrous<br>gliosis. It is caused by the SSPE virus, which is a defective<br>variant of MEASLES VIRUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp767-8)",""],["Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis",2058,0.0,"D013344","C01.925.182.525.600",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by<br>chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The condition occurs<br>primarily in children and young adults, approximately 2-8 years<br>after the initial infection. A gradual decline in intellectual<br>abilities and behavioral alterations are followed by progressive<br>MYOCLONUS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; autonomic<br>dysfunction; and ATAXIA. DEATH usually occurs 1-3 years after<br>disease onset. Pathologic features include perivascular cuffing,<br>eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, neurophagia, and fibrous<br>gliosis. It is caused by the SSPE virus, which is a defective<br>variant of MEASLES VIRUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp767-8)",""],["Subphrenic Abscess",791,0.0,"D013369","C01.830.025.020.810",0,"Description: Accumulation of purulent EXUDATES beneath the<br>DIAPHRAGM, also known as upper abdominal abscess. It is usually<br>associated with PERITONITIS or postoperative infections.",""],["Syphilis",20409,0.1,"D013587","C01.150.252.734.859",0,"Description: A contagious venereal disease caused by the<br>spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.",""],["Syphilis",20409,0.1,"D013587","C01.221.812.281.859",0,"Description: A contagious venereal disease caused by the<br>spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.",""],["Syphilis, Cutaneous",945,0.0,"D013591","C01.150.252.819.790",0,"Description: Cutaneous lesions arising from infection with<br>Treponema pallidum. In the primary stage, 18-21 days following<br>infection, one or more chancres appear. If untreated, the<br>subsequent stages of the disease appear as syphilids. These<br>eruptions are superficial, nondestructive, exanthematic,<br>transient, macular roseolas that may later be maculopapular or<br>papular polymorphous or scaly, pustular, pigmented<br>eruptions.(Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the<br>Skin, 8th ed, p409)",""],["Tabes Dorsalis",544,0.0,"D013606","C01.207.180.600.800",0,"Description: Parenchymatous NEUROSYPHILIS marked by slowly<br>progressive degeneration of the posterior columns, posterior<br>roots, and ganglia of the spinal cord. The condition tends to<br>present 15 to 20 years after the initial infection and is<br>characterized by lightening-like pains in the lower extremities,<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; ATAXIA; severely impaired position and<br>vibratory sense, abnormal gait (see GAIT DISORDERS, NEUROLOGIC),<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; Argyll-Robertson pupils, hypotonia, hyperreflexia,<br>and trophic joint degeneration (Charcot's Joint; see ARTHROPATHY,<br>NEUROGENIC). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p726)",""],["Theileriasis",2024,0.0,"D013801","C01.610.701.688.735",0,"Description: Infection of cattle, sheep, or goats with protozoa<br>of the genus THEILERIA. This infection results in an acute or<br>chronic febrile condition.",""],["Theileriasis",2024,0.0,"D013801","C01.610.752.625.735",0,"Description: Infection of cattle, sheep, or goats with protozoa<br>of the genus THEILERIA. This infection results in an acute or<br>chronic febrile condition.",""],["Tick Infestations",3969,0.0,"D013984","C01.610.858.211.857",0,"Description: Infestations with soft-bodied (Argasidae) or hard-<br>bodied (Ixodidae) ticks.",""],["Tinea Capitis",1982,0.0,"D014006","C01.800.200.720.730",1,"Description: Ringworm of the scalp and associated hair mainly<br>caused by species of MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and<br>EPIDERMOPHYTON, which may occasionally involve the eyebrows and<br>eyelashes.",""],["Tinea Pedis",1057,0.0,"D014008","C01.800.200.720.760",0,"Description: Dermatological pruritic lesion in the feet, caused<br>by Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton<br>floccosum.",""],["Onychomycosis",3382,0.0,"D014009","C01.800.200.720.550",0,"Description: A fungal infection of the nail, usually caused by<br>DERMATOPHYTES; YEASTS; or nondermatophyte MOLDS.",""],["Tinea Versicolor",822,0.0,"D014010","C01.150.703.302.860",0,"Description: A common chronic, noninflammatory and usually<br>symptomless disorder, characterized by the occurrence of multiple<br>macular patches of all sizes and shapes, and varying in<br>pigmentation from fawn-colored to brown. It is seen most<br>frequently in hot, humid, tropical regions and is mostly caused<br>by MALASSEZIA FURFUR (formerly Pityrosporum orbiculare).",""],["Toxocariasis",1979,0.0,"D014120","C01.610.335.349.868",0,"Description: Infection by round worms of the genus TOXOCARA,<br>usually found in wild and domesticated cats and dogs and foxes,<br>except for the larvae, which may produce visceral and ocular<br>larva migrans in man.",""],["Toxocariasis",1979,0.0,"D014120","C01.610.701.377.868",0,"Description: Infection by round worms of the genus TOXOCARA,<br>usually found in wild and domesticated cats and dogs and foxes,<br>except for the larvae, which may produce visceral and ocular<br>larva migrans in man.",""],["Toxoplasmosis",21441,0.1,"D014123","C01.610.752.250.800",4,"Description: The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii<br>in animals and man.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Animal",5173,0.0,"D014124","C01.610.701.688.817",0,"Description: Acquired infection of non-human animals by organisms<br>of the genus TOXOPLASMA.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Animal",5173,0.0,"D014124","C01.610.752.625.817",0,"Description: Acquired infection of non-human animals by organisms<br>of the genus TOXOPLASMA.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Congenital",2330,0.0,"D014125","C01.207.205.300.900",0,"Description: Prenatal protozoal infection with TOXOPLASMA gondii<br>which is associated with injury to the developing fetal nervous<br>system. The severity of this condition is related to the stage of<br>pregnancy during which the infection occurs; first trimester<br>infections are associated with a greater degree of neurologic<br>dysfunction. Clinical features include HYDROCEPHALUS;<br>MICROCEPHALY; deafness; cerebral calcifications; SEIZURES; and<br>psychomotor retardation. Signs of a systemic infection may also<br>be present at birth, including fever, rash, and<br>hepatosplenomegaly. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p735)",""],["Trachoma",3894,0.0,"D014141","C01.375.354.220.800",0,"Description: A chronic infection of the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA<br>caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.",""],["Adenophorea Infections",6802,0.0,"D017188","C01.610.335.508.100",3,"Description: Infections with nematodes of the subclass<br>ADENOPHOREA.",""],["Trichomonas Vaginitis",2754,0.0,"D014247","C01.610.752.890.633",0,"Description: Inflammation of the vagina, marked by a purulent<br>discharge. This disease is caused by the protozoan TRICHOMONAS<br>VAGINALIS.",""],["Trypanosomiasis, Bovine",904,0.0,"D014354","C01.610.701.688.896",0,"Description: Infection in cattle caused by various species of<br>trypanosomes.",""],["Trypanosomiasis, Bovine",904,0.0,"D014354","C01.610.752.625.896",0,"Description: Infection in cattle caused by various species of<br>trypanosomes.",""],["Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System",8114,0.0,"D020306","C01.150.252.223.850",2,"Description: Tuberculosis of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges<br>(TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL), most often caused by MYCOBACTERIUM<br>TUBERCULOSIS and rarely by MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The infection may<br>be limited to the nervous system or coexist in other organs<br>(e.g., TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY). The organism tends to seed the<br>meninges causing a diffuse meningitis and leads to the formation<br>of TUBERCULOMA, which may occur within the brain, spinal cord, or<br>perimeningeal spaces. Tuberculous involvement of the vertebral<br>column (TUBERCULOSIS, SPINAL) may result in nerve root or spinal<br>cord compression. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, pp717-20)",""],["Tuberculosis, Meningeal",6939,0.0,"D014390","C01.207.180.500.937",0,"Description: A form of bacterial meningitis caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The<br>organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which<br>subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute,<br>with progressions occurring over a period of several days or<br>longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by<br>SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits,<br>somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in<br>immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency<br>syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp717-9)",""],["Tuberculosis, Meningeal",6939,0.0,"D014390","C01.207.180.850.800",0,"Description: A form of bacterial meningitis caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The<br>organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which<br>subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute,<br>with progressions occurring over a period of several days or<br>longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by<br>SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits,<br>somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in<br>immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency<br>syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp717-9)",""],["Tuberculosis, Ocular",1546,0.0,"D014392","C01.150.252.289.800",0,"Description: Tuberculous infection of the eye, primarily the<br>iris, ciliary body, and choroid.",""],["Tularemia",3451,0.0,"D014406","C01.150.252.400.900",0,"Description: A plague-like disease of rodents, transmissible to<br>man. It is caused by FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS and is characterized<br>by fever, chills, headache, backache, and weakness.",""],["Typhus, Endemic Flea-Borne",740,0.0,"D014437","C01.920.914.725.800",0,"Description: An infectious disease clinically similar to epidemic<br>louse-borne typhus (TYPHUS, EPIDEMIC LOUSE-BORNE), but caused by<br>RICKETTSIA TYPHI, which is transmitted from rat to man by the rat<br>flea, XENOPSYLLA CHEOPIS.",""],["Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne",2241,0.0,"D014438","C01.920.914.725.805",0,"Description: The classic form of typhus, caused by RICKETTSIA<br>PROWAZEKII, which is transmitted from man to man by the louse<br>Pediculus humanus corporis. This disease is characterized by the<br>sudden onset of intense headache, malaise, and generalized<br>myalgia followed by the formation of a macular skin eruption and<br>vascular and neurologic disturbances.",""],["Vaccinia",2197,0.0,"D014615","C01.925.256.743.929",0,"Description: The cutaneous and occasional systemic reactions<br>associated with vaccination using smallpox (variola) vaccine.",""],["Vesicular Exanthema of Swine",51,0.0,"D014720","C01.925.782.160.927",0,"Description: A calicivirus infection of swine characterized by<br>hydropic degeneration of the oral and cutaneous epithelia.",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C01.920.500.343.950",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C01.925.081.343.950",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C01.925.782.310.950",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["Yaws",825,0.0,"D015001","C01.150.252.819.910",0,"Description: A systemic non-venereal infection of the tropics<br>caused by TREPONEMA PALLIDUM subspecies pertenue.",""],["Yellow Fever",2842,0.0,"D015004","C01.925.782.417.881",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease primarily of the<br>tropics, caused by a virus and transmitted to man by mosquitoes<br>of the genera Aedes and Haemagogus. The severe form is<br>characterized by fever, HEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE, and renal damage.",""],["Carcinoma, Merkel Cell",3233,0.0,"D015266","C01.925.256.721.150",0,"Description: A carcinoma arising from MERKEL CELLS located in the<br>basal layer of the epidermis and occurring most commonly as a<br>primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Merkel cells are<br>tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin and histologically show<br>neurosecretory granules. The skin of the head and neck are a<br>common site of Merkel cell carcinoma, occurring generally in<br>elderly patients. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1245)",""],["AIDS Dementia Complex",3529,0.0,"D015526","C01.221.250.875.049",0,"Description: A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED<br>IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired<br>concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA,<br>incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1<br>viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic<br>examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction,<br>perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and<br>multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr<br>6;332(14):934-40)",""],["AIDS Dementia Complex",3529,0.0,"D015526","C01.778.640.400.070",0,"Description: A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED<br>IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired<br>concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA,<br>incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1<br>viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic<br>examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction,<br>perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and<br>multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr<br>6;332(14):934-40)",""],["AIDS Dementia Complex",3529,0.0,"D015526","C01.925.813.400.070",0,"Description: A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED<br>IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired<br>concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA,<br>incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1<br>viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic<br>examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction,<br>perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and<br>multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr<br>6;332(14):934-40)",""],["Cowpox",349,0.0,"D015605","C01.925.256.743.175",0,"Description: A mild, eruptive skin disease of milk cows caused by<br>COWPOX VIRUS, with lesions occurring principally on the udder and<br>teats. Human infection may occur while milking an infected<br>animal.",""],["Erythema Chronicum Migrans",576,0.0,"D015787","C01.150.252.819.310",0,"Description: A deep type of gyrate erythema that follows a bite<br>by an ixodid tick; it is a stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE.<br>The site of the bite is characterized by a red papule that<br>expands peripherally as a nonscaling, palpable band that clears<br>centrally. This condition is often associated with systemic<br>symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea,<br>vomiting, fatigue, backache, and stiff neck.",""],["Erythema Chronicum Migrans",576,0.0,"D015787","C01.920.930.513.400",0,"Description: A deep type of gyrate erythema that follows a bite<br>by an ixodid tick; it is a stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE.<br>The site of the bite is characterized by a red papule that<br>expands peripherally as a nonscaling, palpable band that clears<br>centrally. This condition is often associated with systemic<br>symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea,<br>vomiting, fatigue, backache, and stiff neck.",""],["Acanthamoeba Keratitis",1181,0.0,"D015823","C01.610.752.049.203",0,"Description: Infection of the cornea by an ameboid protozoan<br>which may cause corneal ulceration leading to blindness.",""],["Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",439,0.0,"D016183","C01.925.782.815.650",0,"Description: Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs in<br>mice infected with mouse leukemia viruses (MuLV). The syndrome<br>shows striking similarities with human AIDS and is characterized<br>by lymphadenopathy, profound immunosuppression, enhanced<br>susceptibility to opportunistic infections, and B-cell lymphomas.",""],["Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome",914,0.0,"D016262","C01.207.618.750.750",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular<br>symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability<br>has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic<br>poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness<br>and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and<br>muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint<br>pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow<br>progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci<br>1995 May 25;753:68-80)",""],["AIDS-Associated Nephropathy",827,0.0,"D016263","C01.221.250.875.050",0,"Description: Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-<br>infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe<br>proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with<br>distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys,<br>and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct<br>from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of<br>kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.",""],["AIDS-Associated Nephropathy",827,0.0,"D016263","C01.778.640.400.072",0,"Description: Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-<br>infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe<br>proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with<br>distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys,<br>and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct<br>from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of<br>kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.",""],["AIDS-Associated Nephropathy",827,0.0,"D016263","C01.925.813.400.072",0,"Description: Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-<br>infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe<br>proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with<br>distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys,<br>and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct<br>from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of<br>kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.",""],["Fungemia",2751,0.0,"D016469","C01.150.703.492.594",0,"Description: The presence of fungi circulating in the blood.<br>Opportunistic fungal sepsis is seen most often in<br>immunosuppressed patients with severe neutropenia or in<br>postoperative patients with intravenous catheters and usually<br>follows prolonged antibiotic therapy.",""],["Helicobacter Infections",30131,0.1,"D016481","C01.150.252.400.466",0,"Description: Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER,<br>particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical<br>manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric<br>mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a<br>major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic<br>ulcer disease.",""],["Leukemia, Feline",247,0.0,"D016582","C01.925.782.815.622",0,"Description: A neoplastic disease of cats frequently associated<br>with feline leukemia virus infection.",""],["Erythema Infectiosum",1099,0.0,"D016731","C01.925.256.700.300",0,"Description: Contagious infection with human B19 Parvovirus most<br>commonly seen in school age children and characterized by fever,<br>headache, and rashes of the face, trunk, and extremities. It is<br>often confused with RUBELLA.",""],["Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous",136,0.0,"D016774","C01.920.813.400.350",0,"Description: A form of LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS caused by<br>Leishmania aethiopica in Ethiopia and Kenya, L. pifanoi in<br>Venezuela, L. braziliensis in South America, and L. mexicana in<br>Central America. This disease is characterized by massive<br>dissemination of skin lesions without visceral involvement.",""],["Blastocystis Infections",834,0.0,"D016776","C01.610.752.049.250",0,"Description: Infections with organisms of the genus BLASTOCYSTIS.<br>The species B. hominis is responsible for most infections.<br>Parasitologic surveys have generally found small numbers of this<br>species in human stools, but higher positivity rates and organism<br>numbers in AIDS patients and other immunosuppressed patients<br>(IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST). Symptoms include ABDOMINAL PAIN;<br>DIARRHEA; CONSTIPATION; VOMITING; and FATIGUE.",""],["Malaria, Cerebral",2124,0.0,"D016779","C01.207.205.300.500",0,"Description: A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in<br>the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM<br>(and rarely other Plasmodium species). Initial clinical<br>manifestations include HEADACHES; SEIZURES; and alterations of<br>mentation followed by a rapid progression to COMA. Pathologic<br>features include cerebral capillaries filled with parasitized<br>erythrocytes and multiple small foci of cortical and subcortical<br>necrosis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p136)",""],["Malaria, Cerebral",2124,0.0,"D016779","C01.610.105.300.500",0,"Description: A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in<br>the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM<br>(and rarely other Plasmodium species). Initial clinical<br>manifestations include HEADACHES; SEIZURES; and alterations of<br>mentation followed by a rapid progression to COMA. Pathologic<br>features include cerebral capillaries filled with parasitized<br>erythrocytes and multiple small foci of cortical and subcortical<br>necrosis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p136)",""],["Malaria, Cerebral",2124,0.0,"D016779","C01.610.752.530.620",0,"Description: A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in<br>the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM<br>(and rarely other Plasmodium species). Initial clinical<br>manifestations include HEADACHES; SEIZURES; and alterations of<br>mentation followed by a rapid progression to COMA. Pathologic<br>features include cerebral capillaries filled with parasitized<br>erythrocytes and multiple small foci of cortical and subcortical<br>necrosis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p136)",""],["Malaria, Vivax",4796,0.0,"D016780","C01.610.752.530.700",0,"Description: Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM VIVAX. This form of<br>malaria is less severe than MALARIA, FALCIPARUM, but there is a<br>higher probability for relapses to occur. Febrile paroxysms often<br>occur every other day.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral",1150,0.0,"D016781","C01.207.205.300.800",0,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan<br>TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individuals with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (see also AIDS-RELATED<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS). The infection may involve the brain<br>diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations<br>include SEIZURES, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3)",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral",1150,0.0,"D016781","C01.610.105.300.800",0,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan<br>TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individuals with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (see also AIDS-RELATED<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS). The infection may involve the brain<br>diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations<br>include SEIZURES, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3)",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral",1150,0.0,"D016781","C01.830.025.160.800",0,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan<br>TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individuals with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (see also AIDS-RELATED<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS). The infection may involve the brain<br>diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations<br>include SEIZURES, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3)",""],["Tuberculoma, Intracranial",716,0.0,"D016862","C01.207.180.850.400",0,"Description: A well-circumscribed mass composed of tuberculous<br>granulation tissue that may occur in the cerebral hemispheres,<br>cerebellum, brain stem, or perimeningeal spaces. Multiple lesions<br>are quite common. Management of intracranial manifestations vary<br>with lesion site. Intracranial tuberculomas may be associated<br>with SEIZURES, focal neurologic deficits, and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Spinal cord tuberculomas may be associated with<br>localized or radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. Tuberculomas may arise as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS,<br>but also occur in immunocompetent individuals.",""],["Encephalitozoonosis",431,0.0,"D016890","C01.150.703.617.300",0,"Description: Infection with FUNGI of the genus ENCEPHALITOZOON.<br>Lesions commonly occur in the BRAIN and KIDNEY tubules. Other<br>sites of infection in MAMMALS are the LIVER; ADRENAL GLANDS;<br>OPTIC NERVES; RETINA; and MYOCARDIUM.",""],["Angiomatosis, Bacillary",451,0.0,"D016917","C01.150.252.819.150",0,"Description: A reactive vascular proliferation that is<br>characterized by the multiple tumor-like lesions in skin, bone,<br>brain, and other organs. Bacillary angiomatosis is caused by<br>infection with gram-negative Bartonella bacilli (such as<br>BARTONELLA HENSELAE), and is often seen in AIDS patients and<br>other IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS.",""],["Meningitis, Fungal",2698,0.0,"D016921","C01.150.703.181.500",1,"Description: Meningitis caused by fungal agents which may occur<br>as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS or arise in immunocompetent hosts.",""],["Meningitis, Cryptococcal",2132,0.0,"D016919","C01.150.703.248.290",0,"Description: Meningeal inflammation produced by CRYPTOCOCCUS<br>NEOFORMANS, an encapsulated yeast that tends to infect<br>individuals with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other<br>immunocompromised states. The organism enters the body through<br>the respiratory tract, but symptomatic infections are usually<br>limited to the lungs and nervous system. The organism may also<br>produce parenchymal brain lesions (torulomas). Clinically, the<br>course is subacute and may feature HEADACHE; NAUSEA; PHOTOPHOBIA;<br>focal neurologic deficits; SEIZURES; cranial neuropathies; and<br>HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp721-2)",""],["Meningitis, Cryptococcal",2132,0.0,"D016919","C01.207.198.500.500",0,"Description: Meningeal inflammation produced by CRYPTOCOCCUS<br>NEOFORMANS, an encapsulated yeast that tends to infect<br>individuals with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other<br>immunocompromised states. The organism enters the body through<br>the respiratory tract, but symptomatic infections are usually<br>limited to the lungs and nervous system. The organism may also<br>produce parenchymal brain lesions (torulomas). Clinically, the<br>course is subacute and may feature HEADACHE; NAUSEA; PHOTOPHOBIA;<br>focal neurologic deficits; SEIZURES; cranial neuropathies; and<br>HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp721-2)",""],["AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections",17184,0.1,"D017088","C01.221.250.875.100",0,"Description: Opportunistic infections found in patients who test<br>positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common<br>include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma,<br>cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis,<br>and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium,<br>and Cytomegalovirus.",""],["Hidradenitis Suppurativa",3005,0.0,"D017497","C01.150.252.819.420",0,"Description: A chronic suppurative and cicatricial disease of the<br>apocrine glands occurring chiefly in the axillae in women and in<br>the groin and anal regions in men. It is characterized by poral<br>occlusion with secondary bacterial infection, evolving into<br>abscesses which eventually rupture. As the disease becomes<br>chronic, ulcers appear, sinus tracts enlarge, fistulas develop,<br>and fibrosis and scarring become evident.",""],["Arterivirus Infections",2543,0.0,"D018174","C01.925.782.600.100",1,"Description: Infections caused by viruses of the genus<br>ARTERIVIRUS.",""],["Cardiovirus Infections",635,0.0,"D018188","C01.925.782.687.150",0,"Description: Infections caused by viruses of the genus<br>CARDIOVIRUS, family PICORNAVIRIDAE.",""],["HIV Enteropathy",108,0.0,"D019053","C01.221.250.875.398",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-<br>established DIARRHEA (greater than one month in duration) without<br>an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an<br>HIV-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or<br>indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. HIV enteropathy is<br>a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms<br>of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles<br>of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus<br>Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155)",""],["HIV Enteropathy",108,0.0,"D019053","C01.778.640.400.480",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-<br>established DIARRHEA (greater than one month in duration) without<br>an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an<br>HIV-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or<br>indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. HIV enteropathy is<br>a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms<br>of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles<br>of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus<br>Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155)",""],["HIV Enteropathy",108,0.0,"D019053","C01.925.813.400.480",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-<br>established DIARRHEA (greater than one month in duration) without<br>an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an<br>HIV-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or<br>indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. HIV enteropathy is<br>a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms<br>of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles<br>of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus<br>Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155)",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola",6909,0.0,"D019142","C01.925.782.417.415",0,"Description: A highly fatal, acute hemorrhagic fever caused by<br>EBOLAVIRUS.",""],["HIV Wasting Syndrome",436,0.0,"D019247","C01.221.250.875.520",0,"Description: Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent<br>associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic<br>diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a<br>defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is<br>major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A<br>variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to<br>this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,<br>13th ed, p1611).",""],["HIV Wasting Syndrome",436,0.0,"D019247","C01.778.640.400.520",0,"Description: Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent<br>associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic<br>diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a<br>defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is<br>major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A<br>variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to<br>this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,<br>13th ed, p1611).",""],["HIV Wasting Syndrome",436,0.0,"D019247","C01.925.813.400.520",0,"Description: Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent<br>associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic<br>diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a<br>defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is<br>major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A<br>variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to<br>this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,<br>13th ed, p1611).",""],["Severe Dengue",1609,0.0,"D019595","C01.920.500.270.200",0,"Description: A virulent form of dengue characterized by<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA and an increase in vascular permeability (grades<br>I and II) and distinguished by a positive pain test (e.g.,<br>TOURNIQUET PAIN TEST). When accompanied by SHOCK (grades III and<br>IV), it is called dengue shock syndrome.",""],["Severe Dengue",1609,0.0,"D019595","C01.925.081.270.200",0,"Description: A virulent form of dengue characterized by<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA and an increase in vascular permeability (grades<br>I and II) and distinguished by a positive pain test (e.g.,<br>TOURNIQUET PAIN TEST). When accompanied by SHOCK (grades III and<br>IV), it is called dengue shock syndrome.",""],["Hepatitis B, Chronic",18726,0.1,"D019694","C01.221.250.500.100",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily<br>transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of<br>contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted<br>via sexual or intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepatitis B, Chronic",18726,0.1,"D019694","C01.925.440.435.100",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily<br>transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of<br>contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted<br>via sexual or intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepatitis C, Chronic",28766,0.1,"D019698","C01.221.250.750.120",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused<br>by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic<br>hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Hepatitis C, Chronic",28766,0.1,"D019698","C01.925.440.440.120",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused<br>by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic<br>hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Hepatitis D, Chronic",311,0.0,"D019701","C01.925.440.450.100",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS in conjunction with HEPATITIS B VIRUS and<br>lasting six months or more.",""],["Hepatitis D, Chronic",311,0.0,"D019701","C01.925.782.450.100",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS in conjunction with HEPATITIS B VIRUS and<br>lasting six months or more.",""],["Neurocysticercosis",2445,0.0,"D020019","C01.207.205.250.550",0,"Description: Infection of the brain, spinal cord, or<br>perimeningeal structures with the larval forms of the genus<br>TAENIA (primarily T. solium in humans). Lesions formed by the<br>organism are referred to as cysticerci. The infection may be<br>subacute or chronic, and the severity of symptoms depends on the<br>severity of the host immune response and the location and number<br>of lesions. SEIZURES represent the most common clinical<br>manifestation although focal neurologic deficits may occur. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp46-50)",""],["Neurocysticercosis",2445,0.0,"D020019","C01.610.105.250.550",0,"Description: Infection of the brain, spinal cord, or<br>perimeningeal structures with the larval forms of the genus<br>TAENIA (primarily T. solium in humans). Lesions formed by the<br>organism are referred to as cysticerci. The infection may be<br>subacute or chronic, and the severity of symptoms depends on the<br>severity of the host immune response and the location and number<br>of lesions. SEIZURES represent the most common clinical<br>manifestation although focal neurologic deficits may occur. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp46-50)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C01.207.291.323.662",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C01.207.291.323.162",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Bell Palsy",1465,0.0,"D020330","C01.925.256.466.087",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by the acute onset of<br>unilateral FACIAL PARALYSIS which progresses over a 2-5 day<br>period. Weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscle and resulting<br>incomplete eye closure may be associated with corneal injury.<br>Pain behind the ear often precedes the onset of paralysis. This<br>condition may be associated with HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN infection<br>of the facial nerve. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1376)",""],["Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex",1499,0.0,"D020803","C01.207.245.340.350",0,"Description: An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of<br>the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal.<br>The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1<br>(HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2<br>(HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations;<br>APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is<br>marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and<br>inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)",""],["Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex",1499,0.0,"D020803","C01.207.399.750.350",0,"Description: An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of<br>the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal.<br>The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1<br>(HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2<br>(HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations;<br>APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is<br>marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and<br>inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)",""],["Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex",1499,0.0,"D020803","C01.925.182.525.350",0,"Description: An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of<br>the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal.<br>The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1<br>(HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2<br>(HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations;<br>APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is<br>marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and<br>inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)",""],["Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex",1499,0.0,"D020803","C01.925.256.466.262",0,"Description: An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of<br>the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal.<br>The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1<br>(HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2<br>(HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations;<br>APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is<br>marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and<br>inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)",""],["Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster",313,0.0,"D020804","C01.207.245.340.400",0,"Description: Inflammation of brain tissue caused by infection<br>with the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). This<br>condition is associated with immunocompromised states, including<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME. Pathologically, the virus<br>tends to induce a vasculopathy and infect oligodendrocytes and<br>ependymal cells, leading to CEREBRAL INFARCTION, multifocal<br>regions of demyelination, and periventricular necrosis.<br>Manifestations of varicella encephalitis usually occur 5-7 days<br>after onset of HERPES ZOSTER and include HEADACHE; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; focal neurologic deficits; FEVER; and COMA. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch 26, pp29-32; Hum Pathol 1996<br>Sep;27(9):927-38)",""],["Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster",313,0.0,"D020804","C01.207.399.750.400",0,"Description: Inflammation of brain tissue caused by infection<br>with the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). This<br>condition is associated with immunocompromised states, including<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME. Pathologically, the virus<br>tends to induce a vasculopathy and infect oligodendrocytes and<br>ependymal cells, leading to CEREBRAL INFARCTION, multifocal<br>regions of demyelination, and periventricular necrosis.<br>Manifestations of varicella encephalitis usually occur 5-7 days<br>after onset of HERPES ZOSTER and include HEADACHE; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; focal neurologic deficits; FEVER; and COMA. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch 26, pp29-32; Hum Pathol 1996<br>Sep;27(9):927-38)",""],["Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster",313,0.0,"D020804","C01.925.182.525.400",0,"Description: Inflammation of brain tissue caused by infection<br>with the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). This<br>condition is associated with immunocompromised states, including<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME. Pathologically, the virus<br>tends to induce a vasculopathy and infect oligodendrocytes and<br>ependymal cells, leading to CEREBRAL INFARCTION, multifocal<br>regions of demyelination, and periventricular necrosis.<br>Manifestations of varicella encephalitis usually occur 5-7 days<br>after onset of HERPES ZOSTER and include HEADACHE; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; focal neurologic deficits; FEVER; and COMA. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch 26, pp29-32; Hum Pathol 1996<br>Sep;27(9):927-38)",""],["Meningitis, Escherichia coli",181,0.0,"D020814","C01.207.180.500.350",0,"Description: A form of gram-negative meningitis that tends to<br>occur in neonates, in association with anatomical abnormalities<br>(which feature communication between the meninges and cutaneous<br>structures) or as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS in association with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES. In premature neonates the<br>clinical presentation may be limited to ANOREXIA; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; or respiratory distress. Full-term infants may have as<br>additional features FEVER; SEIZURES; and bulging of the anterior<br>fontanelle. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>pp398-400)",""],["Neuroschistosomiasis",194,0.0,"D020818","C01.207.205.250.600",0,"Description: SCHISTOSOMIASIS of the brain, spinal cord, or<br>meninges caused by infections with trematodes of the genus<br>SCHISTOSOMA (primarily SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM; SCHISTOSOMA<br>MANSONI; and SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM in humans). S. japonicum<br>infections of the nervous system may cause an acute<br>meningoencephalitis or a chronic encephalopathy. S. mansoni and<br>S. haematobium nervous system infections are associated with<br>acute transverse myelitis involving the lower portions of the<br>spinal cord. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp61-2)",""],["Neuroschistosomiasis",194,0.0,"D020818","C01.610.105.250.600",0,"Description: SCHISTOSOMIASIS of the brain, spinal cord, or<br>meninges caused by infections with trematodes of the genus<br>SCHISTOSOMA (primarily SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM; SCHISTOSOMA<br>MANSONI; and SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM in humans). S. japonicum<br>infections of the nervous system may cause an acute<br>meningoencephalitis or a chronic encephalopathy. S. mansoni and<br>S. haematobium nervous system infections are associated with<br>acute transverse myelitis involving the lower portions of the<br>spinal cord. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp61-2)",""],["Lyme Neuroborreliosis",1022,0.0,"D020852","C01.150.252.223.437",0,"Description: Nervous system infections caused by tick-borne<br>spirochetes of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP. The disease may<br>affect elements of the central or peripheral nervous system in<br>isolation or in combination. Common clinical manifestations<br>include a lymphocytic meningitis, cranial neuropathy (most often<br>a facial neuropathy), POLYRADICULOPATHY, and a mild loss of<br>memory and other cognitive functions. Less often more extensive<br>inflammation involving the central nervous system<br>(encephalomyelitis) may occur. In the peripheral nervous system,<br>B. burgdorferi infection is associated with mononeuritis<br>multiplex and polyradiculoneuritis. (From J Neurol Sci 1998 Jan<br>8;153(2):182-91)",""],["Lyme Neuroborreliosis",1022,0.0,"D020852","C01.920.930.513.700",0,"Description: Nervous system infections caused by tick-borne<br>spirochetes of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP. The disease may<br>affect elements of the central or peripheral nervous system in<br>isolation or in combination. Common clinical manifestations<br>include a lymphocytic meningitis, cranial neuropathy (most often<br>a facial neuropathy), POLYRADICULOPATHY, and a mild loss of<br>memory and other cognitive functions. Less often more extensive<br>inflammation involving the central nervous system<br>(encephalomyelitis) may occur. In the peripheral nervous system,<br>B. burgdorferi infection is associated with mononeuritis<br>multiplex and polyradiculoneuritis. (From J Neurol Sci 1998 Jan<br>8;153(2):182-91)",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C01.221.250.875.048",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C01.778.640.400.048",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C01.925.813.400.048",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C01.207.245.550.500",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Neuroaspergillosis",307,0.0,"D020953","C01.150.703.080.537",0,"Description: Infections of the nervous system caused by fungi of<br>the genus ASPERGILLUS, most commonly ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS.<br>Aspergillus infections may occur in immunocompetent hosts, but<br>are more prevalent in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROMES. The organism may spread to the nervous system from<br>focal infections in the lung, mastoid region, sinuses, inner ear,<br>bones, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and heart. Sinus infections<br>may be locally invasive and enter the intracranial compartment,<br>producing MENINGITIS, FUNGAL; cranial neuropathies; and abscesses<br>in the frontal lobes of the brain. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch 27, pp62-3)",""],["Neuroaspergillosis",307,0.0,"D020953","C01.150.703.492.750",0,"Description: Infections of the nervous system caused by fungi of<br>the genus ASPERGILLUS, most commonly ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS.<br>Aspergillus infections may occur in immunocompetent hosts, but<br>are more prevalent in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROMES. The organism may spread to the nervous system from<br>focal infections in the lung, mastoid region, sinuses, inner ear,<br>bones, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and heart. Sinus infections<br>may be locally invasive and enter the intracranial compartment,<br>producing MENINGITIS, FUNGAL; cranial neuropathies; and abscesses<br>in the frontal lobes of the brain. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch 27, pp62-3)",""],["Isosporiasis",232,0.0,"D021865","C01.610.752.250.410",0,"Description: Infection with parasitic protozoa of the genus<br>ISOSPORA, producing intestinal disease. It is caused by ingestion<br>of oocysts and can produce tissue cysts.",""],["Cyclosporiasis",239,0.0,"D021866","C01.610.752.250.280",0,"Description: Infection with parasitic protozoa of the genus<br>CYCLOSPORA. It is distributed globally and causes a diarrheal<br>illness. Transmission is waterborne.",""],["HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome",1111,0.0,"D039682","C01.221.250.875.550",0,"Description: Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution<br>in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be<br>multifactorial and probably involves some combination of<br>infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of<br>antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.",""],["HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome",1111,0.0,"D039682","C01.778.640.400.530",0,"Description: Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution<br>in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be<br>multifactorial and probably involves some combination of<br>infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of<br>antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.",""],["HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome",1111,0.0,"D039682","C01.925.813.400.530",0,"Description: Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution<br>in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be<br>multifactorial and probably involves some combination of<br>infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of<br>antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.",""],["Bifidobacteriales Infections",67,0.0,"D039941","C01.150.252.410.110",0,"Description: Infections with BACTERIA of the order<br>Bifidobacteriales. This includes infections in the genera<br>BIFIDOBACTERIUM and GARDNERELLA, in the family<br>Bifidobacteriaceae.",""],["Piscirickettsiaceae Infections",110,0.0,"D044225","C01.150.252.400.719",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>PISCIRICKETTSIACEAE, causing septicemic disease of salmonid fish<br>(SALMONIDAE). Piscirickettsia-like bacteria are also associated<br>with disease syndromes in non-salmonid fish.",""],["Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal",464,0.0,"D045729","C01.150.252.620.330",0,"Description: A chronic, clinically mild, infectious pneumonia of<br>PIGS caused by MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE. Ninety percent of swine<br>herds worldwide are infected with this economically costly<br>disease that primarily affects animals aged two to six months<br>old. The disease can be associated with porcine respiratory<br>disease complex. PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA is often found as a<br>secondary infection.",""],["Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal",464,0.0,"D045729","C01.748.610.540.540",0,"Description: A chronic, clinically mild, infectious pneumonia of<br>PIGS caused by MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE. Ninety percent of swine<br>herds worldwide are infected with this economically costly<br>disease that primarily affects animals aged two to six months<br>old. The disease can be associated with porcine respiratory<br>disease complex. PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA is often found as a<br>secondary infection.",""],["Desulfovibrionaceae Infections",243,0.0,"D045824","C01.150.252.400.260",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>Desulfovibrionaceae.",""],["Flavobacteriaceae Infections",844,0.0,"D045826","C01.150.252.400.349",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>FLAVOBACTERIACEAE.",""],["Cytophagaceae Infections",2,0.0,"D045827","C01.150.252.400.245",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>CYTOPHAGACEAE.",""],["Monkeypox",311,0.0,"D045908","C01.925.256.743.615",0,"Description: A viral disease infecting PRIMATES and RODENTS. Its<br>clinical presentation in humans is similar to SMALLPOX including<br>FEVER; HEADACHE; COUGH; and a painful RASH. It is caused by<br>MONKEYPOX VIRUS and is usually transmitted to humans through<br>BITES or via contact with an animal's BLOOD. Interhuman<br>transmission is relatively low (significantly less than<br>smallpox).",""],["Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic",44,0.0,"D048089","C01.150.252.620.300",0,"Description: Chronic endemic respiratory disease of dairy calves<br>and an important component of bovine respiratory disease complex.<br>It primarily affects calves up to six months of age and the<br>etiology is multifactorial. Stress plus a primary viral infection<br>is followed by a secondary bacterial infection. The latter is<br>most commonly associated with PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA producing a<br>purulent BRONCHOPNEUMONIA. Sometimes present are MANNHEIMIA<br>HAEMOLYTICA; HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS and mycoplasma species.",""],["Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic",44,0.0,"D048089","C01.748.610.540.530",0,"Description: Chronic endemic respiratory disease of dairy calves<br>and an important component of bovine respiratory disease complex.<br>It primarily affects calves up to six months of age and the<br>etiology is multifactorial. Stress plus a primary viral infection<br>is followed by a secondary bacterial infection. The latter is<br>most commonly associated with PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA producing a<br>purulent BRONCHOPNEUMONIA. Sometimes present are MANNHEIMIA<br>HAEMOLYTICA; HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS and mycoplasma species.",""],["Mink Viral Enteritis",5,0.0,"D053489","C01.925.256.700.550",0,"Description: A highly contagious parvovirus infection in mink,<br>caused by MINK ENTERITIS VIRUS or the closely related FELINE<br>PANLEUKOPENIA VIRUS or CANINE PARVOVIRUS. Transmission usually<br>occurs by the fecal/oral route.",""],["Porcine Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome",235,0.0,"D053570","C01.925.256.200.500",0,"Description: A worldwide emerging disease of weaned piglets first<br>recognized in swine herds in western Canada in 1997. This<br>syndrome is characterized by progressive weight loss, rapid<br>(tachypnea) and difficult (dyspnea) breathing, and yellowing of<br>skin. PMWS is caused by PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS infection,<br>specifically type 2 or PCV-2.",""],["Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated",3847,0.0,"D053717","C01.748.610.300.500",0,"Description: Serious INFLAMMATION of the LUNG in patients who<br>required the use of PULMONARY VENTILATOR. It is usually caused by<br>bacterial CROSS INFECTION in hospitals.",""],["Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis",1362,0.0,"D055744","C01.150.703.492.688",0,"Description: Lung infections with the invasive forms of<br>ASPERGILLUS, usually after surgery, transplantation, prolonged<br>NEUTROPENIA or treatment with high-doses of CORTICOSTEROIDS.<br>Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis can progress to CHRONIC<br>NECROTIZING PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS or hematogenous spread to<br>other organs.",""],["Digital Dermatitis",221,0.0,"D058066","C01.150.252.819.180",0,"Description: Highly contagious infectious dermatitis with lesions<br>near the interdigital spaces usually in cattle. It causes<br>discomfort and often severe lameness (LAMENESS, ANIMAL). Lesions<br>can be either erosive or proliferative and wart-like with<br>papillary growths and hypertrophied hairs. DICHELOBACTER NODOSUS<br>and TREPONEMA are the most commonly associated causative agents<br>for this mixed bacterial infection disease.",""],["Flea Infestations",841,0.0,"D058267","C01.610.858.211.250",1,"Description: Parasitic attack by members of the order<br>SIPHONAPTERA.",""],["Candidiasis, Invasive",2539,0.0,"D058365","C01.150.703.160.175",1,"Description: An important nosocomial fungal infection with<br>species of the genus CANDIDA, most frequently CANDIDA ALBICANS.<br>Invasive candidiasis occurs when candidiasis goes beyond a<br>superficial infection and manifests as CANDIDEMIA, deep tissue<br>infection, or disseminated disease with deep organ involvement.",""],["Candidiasis, Invasive",2539,0.0,"D058365","C01.150.703.492.500",1,"Description: An important nosocomial fungal infection with<br>species of the genus CANDIDA, most frequently CANDIDA ALBICANS.<br>Invasive candidiasis occurs when candidiasis goes beyond a<br>superficial infection and manifests as CANDIDEMIA, deep tissue<br>infection, or disseminated disease with deep organ involvement.",""],["Aliivibrio Infections",1,0.0,"D059707","C01.150.252.400.050",0,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus ALIIVIBRIO.",""],["Lobomycosis",65,0.0,"D060368","C01.150.703.302.475",0,"Description: A chronic, fungal, subcutaneous infection endemic in<br>rural regions in South America and Central America. The causal<br>organism is Lacazia labol.",""],["Hyalohyphomycosis",677,0.0,"D060605","C01.150.703.302.383",3,"Description: OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS caused by a heterogeneous<br>group of MITOSPORIC FUNGI with clear (hyalo-) HYPHAE in the host.<br>Common causative agents include ACREMONIUM; ASPERGILLUS;<br>CHRYSOSPORIUM; FUSARIUM; PAECILOMYCES; PENICILLIUM;<br>PSEUDALLESCHERIA; SCEDOSPORIUM; and SCOPULARIOPSIS. Normally a<br>dermatomycoses, it can become invasive in the IMMUNOCOMPROMISED<br>HOST.",""],["Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis",33,0.0,"D060425","C01.800.200.383.375",0,"Description: CNS infections caused by neurotropic dematiaceous<br>fungi that contain melanin in their cell walls. The infections<br>often result in BRAIN ABSCESS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MENINGITIS in<br>patients who are often immunocompetent. The common causative<br>fungi include members Cladophialophora bantiana, Exophiala<br>dermatitidis, Rhinocladiella mackenziei, and Ochroconis<br>gallopavum. R. mackenziei infection is seen almost exclusively in<br>patients from the MIDDLE EAST.",""],["Alternariosis",110,0.0,"D060487","C01.800.200.383.125",0,"Description: Opportunistic fungal infection by a member of<br>ALTERNARIA genus.",""],["Fusariosis",500,0.0,"D060585","C01.800.200.383.500",0,"Description: OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS with the soil fungus<br>FUSARIUM. Typically the infection is limited to the nail plate<br>(ONYCHOMYCOSIS). The infection can however become systemic<br>especially in an IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST (e.g., NEUTROPENIA) and<br>results in cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions, fever, KERATITIS,<br>and pulmonary infections.",""],["Chlamydial Pneumonia",54,0.0,"D061387","C01.150.252.620.249",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with the genus<br>CHLAMYDIA; and CHLAMYDOPHILA, usually with CHLAMYDOPHILA<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Chlamydial Pneumonia",54,0.0,"D061387","C01.748.610.540.249",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with the genus<br>CHLAMYDIA; and CHLAMYDOPHILA, usually with CHLAMYDOPHILA<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor",127,0.0,"D062688","C01.778.640.220.500",0,"Description: Exophytic tumor of the anogenital region associated<br>with HPV infections. It becomes a large cauliflower-like,<br>hyperkeratotic, verrucous mass that is locally destructive with<br>little atypical cells. Histologically, tumor cells are broad rete<br>peg structures that tend to invade deeper than CONDYLOMATA<br>ACUMINATA.",""],["Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor",127,0.0,"D062688","C01.925.813.220.500",0,"Description: Exophytic tumor of the anogenital region associated<br>with HPV infections. It becomes a large cauliflower-like,<br>hyperkeratotic, verrucous mass that is locally destructive with<br>little atypical cells. Histologically, tumor cells are broad rete<br>peg structures that tend to invade deeper than CONDYLOMATA<br>ACUMINATA.",""],["Chikungunya Fever",2233,0.0,"D065632","C01.920.500.078.184",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by a mosquito-borne<br>alphavirus CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS characterized by RASH; FEVER; JOINT<br>PAINS; CONJUNCTIVITIS; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; LYMPHOPENIA; and<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA.",""],["Tonsillitis",6549,0.0,"D014069","C01.748.561.750",1,"Description: Inflammation of the tonsils, especially the PALATINE<br>TONSILS but the ADENOIDS (pharyngeal tonsils) and lingual tonsils<br>may also be involved. Tonsillitis usually is caused by bacterial<br>infection. Tonsillitis may be acute, chronic, or recurrent.",""],["Peritonsillar Abscess",1094,0.0,"D000039","C01.830.025.675",0,"Description: An accumulation of purulent material in the area<br>between the PALATINE TONSIL and its capsule.",""],["Pneumonia, Necrotizing",106,0.0,"D000071067","C01.748.610.608",0,"Description: Severe complication of pneumonia characterized by<br>liquefaction of lung tissue.",""],["Zika Virus Infection",6512,0.0,"D000071243","C01.920.500.990",0,"Description: A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES<br>mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like<br>symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral<br>infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with<br>congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika<br>Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-<br>BARRE SYNDROME.",""],["Zika Virus Infection",6512,0.0,"D000071243","C01.925.081.990",0,"Description: A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES<br>mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like<br>symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral<br>infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with<br>congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika<br>Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-<br>BARRE SYNDROME.",""],["Flaviviridae Infections",112283,0.3,"D018178","C01.925.782.350",19,"Description: Infections with viruses of the family FLAVIVIRIDAE.",""],["HIV Infections",321246,1.0,"D015658","C01.221.250.875",11,"Description: Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency<br>virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity,<br>thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency<br>syndrome (AIDS).",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral",314190,1.0,"D015229","C01.221.812.640",14,"Description: Viral diseases which are transmitted or propagated<br>by sexual conduct.",""],["HIV Infections",304062,0.9,"D015658","C01.778.640.400",10,"Description: Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency<br>virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity,<br>thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency<br>syndrome (AIDS).",""],["Retroviridae Infections",342428,1.1,"D012192","C01.925.782.815",28,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the RETROVIRIDAE.",""],["HIV Infections",304062,0.9,"D015658","C01.925.813.400",10,"Description: Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency<br>virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity,<br>thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency<br>syndrome (AIDS).",""],["Invasive Fungal Infections",8185,0.0,"D000072742","C01.150.703.492",5,"Description: Mycoses which manifest as infections of deep tissue<br>or blood.",""],["Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections",427249,1.3,"D016905","C01.150.252.400",133,"Description: Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink<br>(negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.",""],["Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis",2422,0.0,"D000073605","C01.920.930.887",2,"Description: A group of arthropod-borne diseases caused by<br>spotted fever bio-group members of RICKETTSIA. They are<br>characterized by fever, headache, and petechial (spotted) rash.",""],["Herpesviridae Infections",118860,0.4,"D006566","C01.925.256.466",29,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the HERPESVIRIDAE.",""],["Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia",4120,0.0,"D000077299","C01.748.610.300",1,"Description: Infection of the lung often accompanied by<br>inflammation that is acquired through an interaction within a<br>healthcare institution often through a therapeutic experience<br>(e.g., use of catheters or ventilators).",""],["Lyme Disease",12400,0.0,"D008193","C01.920.930.513",3,"Description: An infectious disease caused by a spirochete,<br>BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, which is transmitted chiefly by Ixodes<br>dammini (see IXODES) and pacificus ticks in the United States and<br>Ixodes ricinis (see IXODES) in Europe. It is a disease with early<br>and late cutaneous manifestations plus involvement of the nervous<br>system, heart, eye, and joints in variable combinations. The<br>disease was formerly known as Lyme arthritis and first discovered<br>at Old Lyme, Connecticut.",""],["Dermatomycoses",31178,0.1,"D003881","C01.150.703.302",18,"Description: Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages<br>by any of various fungi.",""],["Tinea",12210,0.0,"D014005","C01.800.200.720",5,"Description: Fungal infection of keratinized tissues such as<br>hair, skin and nails. The main causative fungi include<br>MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and EPIDERMOPHYTON.",""],["Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome",140,0.0,"D000085142","C01.920.930.831",0,"Description: A tick-borne infection with SEVERE FEVER WITH<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA SYNDROME BUNYAVIRUS of the genus Phlebovirus. It<br>is associated with fever, THROMBOCYTOPENIA; LEUKOCYTOPENIA, and<br>multiorgan dysfunction. It is found in parts of Asia including<br>China, Japan, Korea and Vietnam and can be transmitted from<br>infected domestic animals and humans.",""],["Bunyaviridae Infections",9821,0.0,"D002044","C01.925.782.147",9,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the BUNYAVIRIDAE.",""],["Pneumonia, Viral",162682,0.5,"D011024","C01.748.610.763",1,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused<br>by a viral infection.",""],["COVID-19",112194,0.3,"D000086382","C01.925.705.500",0,"Description: A viral disorder generally characterized by high<br>FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN;<br>HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see<br>AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. In<br>severe cases, a myriad of coagulopathy associated symptoms often<br>correlating with COVID-19 severity is seen (e.g., BLOOD<br>COAGULATION; THROMBOSIS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME;<br>SEIZURES; HEART ATTACK; STROKE; multiple CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS;<br>KIDNEY FAILURE; catastrophic ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME<br>and/or DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION). In younger<br>patients, rare inflammatory syndromes are sometimes associated<br>with COVID-19 (e.g., atypical KAWASAKI SYNDROME; TOXIC SHOCK<br>SYNDROME; pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease; and<br>CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME). A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, in the genus<br>BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent.",""],["Nidovirales Infections",173444,0.5,"D030341","C01.925.782.600",10,"Description: Infections with viruses of the order NIDOVIRALES.<br>The concept includes ARTERIVIRUS INFECTIONS and CORONAVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS.",""],["Bacterial Zoonoses",62,0.0,"D000086966","C01.150.252.162",0,"Description: Bacterial infections that may be transmitted between<br>non-human animals and HUMANS.",""],["Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",66900,0.2,"D000163","C01.925.839.040",0,"Description: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated<br>with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a<br>CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or<br>less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility<br>to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical<br>manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia.<br>These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in<br>1993.",""],["Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections",498902,1.5,"D016908","C01.150.252.410",86,"Description: Infections caused by bacteria that retain the<br>crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining<br>method.",""],["Skin Diseases, Bacterial",25362,0.1,"D017192","C01.150.252.819",22,"Description: Skin diseases caused by bacteria.",""],["Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial",545,0.0,"D000197","C01.800.720.110",0,"Description: A form of ACTINOMYCOSIS characterized by slow-<br>growing inflammatory lesions of the lymph nodes that drain the<br>mouth (lumpy jaw), reddening of the overlying skin, and<br>intraperitoneal abscesses.",""],["Adenoviridae Infections",7243,0.0,"D000257","C01.925.256.076",2,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the ADENOVIRIDAE.",""],["African Horse Sickness",331,0.0,"D000355","C01.920.500.030",0,"Description: An insect-borne reovirus infection of horses, mules<br>and donkeys in Africa and the Middle East; characterized by<br>pulmonary edema, cardiac involvement, and edema of the head and<br>neck.",""],["African Horse Sickness",331,0.0,"D000355","C01.925.081.030",0,"Description: An insect-borne reovirus infection of horses, mules<br>and donkeys in Africa and the Middle East; characterized by<br>pulmonary edema, cardiac involvement, and edema of the head and<br>neck.",""],["Reoviridae Infections",12336,0.0,"D012088","C01.925.782.791",4,"Description: Infections produced by reoviruses, general or<br>unspecified.",""],["African Swine Fever",1199,0.0,"D000357","C01.920.930.125",0,"Description: A sometimes fatal ASFIVIRUS infection of pigs,<br>characterized by fever, cough, diarrhea, hemorrhagic lymph nodes,<br>and edema of the gallbladder. It is transmitted between domestic<br>swine by direct contact, ingestion of infected meat, or fomites,<br>or mechanically by biting flies or soft ticks (genus<br>Ornithodoros).",""],["African Swine Fever",1199,0.0,"D000357","C01.925.081.078",0,"Description: A sometimes fatal ASFIVIRUS infection of pigs,<br>characterized by fever, cough, diarrhea, hemorrhagic lymph nodes,<br>and edema of the gallbladder. It is transmitted between domestic<br>swine by direct contact, ingestion of infected meat, or fomites,<br>or mechanically by biting flies or soft ticks (genus<br>Ornithodoros).",""],["African Swine Fever",1199,0.0,"D000357","C01.925.256.142",0,"Description: A sometimes fatal ASFIVIRUS infection of pigs,<br>characterized by fever, cough, diarrhea, hemorrhagic lymph nodes,<br>and edema of the gallbladder. It is transmitted between domestic<br>swine by direct contact, ingestion of infected meat, or fomites,<br>or mechanically by biting flies or soft ticks (genus<br>Ornithodoros).",""],["AIDS-Related Complex",1088,0.0,"D000386","C01.925.839.080",0,"Description: A prodromal phase of infection with the human<br>immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating<br>AIDS-related complex (ARC) from AIDS include elevated or<br>hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to<br>depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS; follicular or<br>mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte<br>degeneration and depletion more typical of AIDS; evolving<br>succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of<br>Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown<br>AIDS.",""],["Parvoviridae Infections",6340,0.0,"D010322","C01.925.256.700",4,"Description: Virus infections caused by the PARVOVIRIDAE.",""],["Aleutian Mink Disease",302,0.0,"D000453","C01.925.839.091",0,"Description: A slow progressive disease of mink caused by the<br>ALEUTIAN MINK DISEASE VIRUS. It is characterized by poor<br>reproduction, weight loss, autoimmunity, hypergammaglobulinemia,<br>increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, and death from<br>renal failure. The disease occurs in all color types, but mink<br>which are homozygous recessive for the Aleutian gene for light<br>coat color are particularly susceptible.",""],["Amebiasis",16126,0.0,"D000562","C01.610.752.049",5,"Description: Infection with any of various amebae. It is an<br>asymptomatic carrier state in most individuals, but diseases<br>ranging from chronic, mild diarrhea to fulminant dysentery may<br>occur.",""],["Anaplasmosis",1692,0.0,"D000712","C01.920.930.163",0,"Description: A disease usually in cattle caused by parasitization<br>of the red blood cells by bacteria of the genus ANAPLASMA.",""],["Nematode Infections",61072,0.2,"D009349","C01.610.335.508",43,"Description: Infections by nematodes, general or unspecified.",""],["Arenaviridae Infections",3531,0.0,"D001117","C01.925.782.082",3,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the ARENAVIRIDAE.",""],["Aspergillosis",16645,0.1,"D001228","C01.150.703.080",4,"Description: Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.",""],["Lung Diseases, Fungal",22365,0.1,"D008172","C01.150.703.534",5,"Description: Pulmonary diseases caused by fungal infections,<br>usually through hematogenous spread.",""],["Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary",1865,0.0,"D001229","C01.748.435.090",0,"Description: Hypersensitivity reaction (ALLERGIC REACTION) to<br>fungus ASPERGILLUS in an individual with long-standing BRONCHIAL<br>ASTHMA. It is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates,<br>EOSINOPHILIA, elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and skin<br>reactivity to Aspergillus antigen.",""],["Avian Leukosis",1162,0.0,"D001353","C01.925.928.120",0,"Description: A group of transmissible viral diseases of chickens<br>and turkeys. Liver tumors are found in most forms, but tumors can<br>be found elsewhere.",""],["Sarcoma, Avian",864,0.0,"D001357","C01.925.928.800",0,"Description: Connective tissue tumors, affecting primarily fowl,<br>that are usually caused by avian sarcoma viruses.",""],["Protozoan Infections, Animal",20631,0.1,"D011529","C01.610.701.688",6,"Description: Infections with unicellular organisms formerly<br>members of the subkingdom Protozoa. The infections may be<br>experimental or veterinary.",""],["Babesiosis",4153,0.0,"D001404","C01.610.752.075",0,"Description: A group of tick-borne diseases of mammals including<br>ZOONOSES in humans. They are caused by protozoa of the genus<br>BABESIA, which parasitize erythrocytes, producing hemolysis. In<br>the U.S., the organism's natural host is mice and transmission is<br>by the deer tick IXODES SCAPULARIS.",""],["Protozoan Infections, Animal",20631,0.1,"D011529","C01.610.752.625",6,"Description: Infections with unicellular organisms formerly<br>members of the subkingdom Protozoa. The infections may be<br>experimental or veterinary.",""],["Babesiosis",4153,0.0,"D001404","C01.920.930.182",0,"Description: A group of tick-borne diseases of mammals including<br>ZOONOSES in humans. They are caused by protozoa of the genus<br>BABESIA, which parasitize erythrocytes, producing hemolysis. In<br>the U.S., the organism's natural host is mice and transmission is<br>by the deer tick IXODES SCAPULARIS.",""],["Balantidiasis",309,0.0,"D001447","C01.610.432.146",0,"Description: Infection by parasites of the genus BALANTIDIUM. The<br>presence of Balantidium in the LARGE INTESTINE leads to DIARRHEA;<br>DYSENTERY; and occasionally ULCER.",""],["Ciliophora Infections",737,0.0,"D016770","C01.610.752.200",1,"Description: Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA.",""],["Malaria",70784,0.2,"D008288","C01.610.752.530",5,"Description: A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species<br>of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX;<br>PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the<br>bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES.<br>Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South<br>America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is<br>characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of<br>high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in<br>ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.",""],["Malaria, Falciparum",18701,0.1,"D016778","C01.920.875.650",1,"Description: Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the<br>severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest<br>levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized<br>by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases<br>occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal<br>manifestations.",""],["Blastomycosis",2496,0.0,"D001759","C01.748.435.395",0,"Description: A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1,<br>a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small<br>cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may<br>heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions<br>characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual<br>vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the<br>lung.",""],["Blastomycosis",2496,0.0,"D001759","C01.800.200.055",0,"Description: A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1,<br>a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small<br>cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may<br>heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions<br>characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual<br>vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the<br>lung.",""],["Bluetongue",1587,0.0,"D001819","C01.920.500.125",0,"Description: A reovirus infection, chiefly of sheep,<br>characterized by a swollen blue tongue, catarrhal inflammation of<br>upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, and often by<br>inflammation of sensitive laminae of the feet and coronet.",""],["Bluetongue",1587,0.0,"D001819","C01.925.081.125",0,"Description: A reovirus infection, chiefly of sheep,<br>characterized by a swollen blue tongue, catarrhal inflammation of<br>upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, and often by<br>inflammation of sensitive laminae of the feet and coronet.",""],["Mononegavirales Infections",59396,0.2,"D018701","C01.925.782.580",25,"Description: Infections with viruses of the order<br>MONONEGAVIRALES. The concept includes FILOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.",""],["Brain Abscess",8440,0.0,"D001922","C01.830.025.160",1,"Description: A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in<br>the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. The majority<br>are caused by spread of infected material from a focus of<br>suppuration elsewhere in the body, notably the PARANASAL SINUSES,<br>middle ear (see EAR, MIDDLE); HEART (see also ENDOCARDITIS,<br>BACTERIAL), and LUNG. Penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES may also be associated with this<br>condition. Clinical manifestations include HEADACHE; SEIZURES;<br>focal neurologic deficits; and alterations of consciousness.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp712-6)",""],["Bronchiolitis",5020,0.0,"D001988","C01.748.099.135",1,"Description: Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES.",""],["Bronchopneumonia",2271,0.0,"D001996","C01.748.610.127",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is<br>associated with BRONCHITIS, usually involving lobular areas from<br>TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES to the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. The affected areas<br>become filled with exudate that forms consolidated patches.",""],["Epstein-Barr Virus Infections",16002,0.0,"D020031","C01.925.928.313",1,"Description: Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4,<br>HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various<br>lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA<br>(African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy<br>leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).",""],["Candidiasis",27711,0.1,"D002177","C01.150.703.160",6,"Description: Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is<br>usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body<br>and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous",526,0.0,"D002178","C01.800.200.100",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by development,<br>usually in infancy or childhood, of a chronic, often widespread<br>candidiasis of skin, nails, and mucous membranes. It may be<br>secondary to one of the immunodeficiency syndromes, inherited as<br>an autosomal recessive trait, or associated with defects in cell-<br>mediated immunity, endocrine disorders, dental stomatitis, or<br>malignancy.",""],["Candidiasis, Cutaneous",985,0.0,"D002179","C01.800.200.105",0,"Description: Candidiasis of the skin manifested as eczema-like<br>lesions of the interdigital spaces, perleche, or chronic<br>paronychia. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Staphylococcal Skin Infections",4900,0.0,"D013207","C01.800.720.770",4,"Description: Infections to the skin caused by bacteria of the<br>genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.",""],["Cestode Infections",36656,0.1,"D002590","C01.610.335.190",10,"Description: Infections with true tapeworms of the helminth<br>subclass CESTODA.",""],["Euglenozoa Infections",50702,0.2,"D056986","C01.610.752.300",11,"Description: Infections with the protozoa of the phylum<br>EUGLENOZOA.",""],["Chagas Cardiomyopathy",2207,0.0,"D002598","C01.920.625.190",0,"Description: A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent<br>to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI. After<br>infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as<br>MYOCARDITIS (mostly in children). The disease then enters a<br>latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years<br>later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced CHAGAS DISEASE include<br>conduction defects (HEART BLOCK) and CARDIOMEGALY.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial",51098,0.2,"D015231","C01.150.252.734",6,"Description: Bacterial diseases transmitted or propagated by<br>sexual conduct.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial",51098,0.2,"D015231","C01.221.812.281",6,"Description: Bacterial diseases transmitted or propagated by<br>sexual conduct.",""],["Chancroid",682,0.0,"D002602","C01.778.281.201",0,"Description: Acute, localized autoinoculable infectious disease<br>usually acquired through sexual contact. Caused by HAEMOPHILUS<br>DUCREYI, it occurs endemically almost worldwide, especially in<br>tropical and subtropical countries and more commonly in seaports<br>and urban areas than in rural areas.",""],["Chlamydia Infections",16297,0.1,"D002690","C01.778.281.301",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.",""],["Chromoblastomycosis",1058,0.0,"D002862","C01.800.200.110",0,"Description: Scaly papule or warty growth, caused by five fungi,<br>that spreads as a result of satellite lesions affecting the foot<br>or leg. The extremity may become swollen and, at its distal<br>portion, covered with various nodular, tumorous, verrucous<br>lesions that resemble cauliflower. In rare instances, the disease<br>may begin on the hand or wrist and involve the entire upper<br>extremity. (Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the<br>Skin, 8th ed, p362)",""],["Trematode Infections",37798,0.1,"D014201","C01.610.335.865",12,"Description: Infections caused by infestation with worms of the<br>class Trematoda.",""],["Coccidioidomycosis",3059,0.0,"D003047","C01.150.703.203",0,"Description: Infection with a fungus of the genus COCCIDIOIDES,<br>endemic to the SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES. It is sometimes called<br>valley fever but should not be confused with RIFT VALLEY FEVER.<br>Infection is caused by inhalation of airborne, fungal particles<br>known as arthroconidia, a form of FUNGAL SPORES. A primary form<br>is an acute, benign, self-limited respiratory infection. A<br>secondary form is a virulent, severe, chronic, progressive<br>granulomatous disease with systemic involvement. It can be<br>detected by use of COCCIDIOIDIN.",""],["Coccidiosis",36336,0.1,"D003048","C01.610.752.250",9,"Description: Protozoan infection found in animals and man. It is<br>caused by several different genera of COCCIDIA.",""],["Colorado Tick Fever",75,0.0,"D003121","C01.920.930.200",0,"Description: A febrile illness characterized by chills, aches,<br>vomiting, leukopenia, and sometimes encephalitis. It is caused by<br>the COLORADO TICK FEVER VIRUS, a reovirus transmitted by the tick<br>Dermacentor andersoni.",""],["Colorado Tick Fever",75,0.0,"D003121","C01.925.081.234",0,"Description: A febrile illness characterized by chills, aches,<br>vomiting, leukopenia, and sometimes encephalitis. It is caused by<br>the COLORADO TICK FEVER VIRUS, a reovirus transmitted by the tick<br>Dermacentor andersoni.",""],["Picornaviridae Infections",63038,0.2,"D010850","C01.925.782.687",17,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the PICORNAVIRIDAE.",""],["Condylomata Acuminata",4532,0.0,"D003218","C01.778.640.220",1,"Description: Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth<br>caused by the human papillomaviruses.",""],["Papillomavirus Infections",36802,0.1,"D030361","C01.925.256.650",4,"Description: Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by<br>papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high<br>risk for malignant progression.",""],["Condylomata Acuminata",4532,0.0,"D003218","C01.925.813.220",1,"Description: Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth<br>caused by the human papillomaviruses.",""],["Warts",8987,0.0,"D014860","C01.925.825.810",3,"Description: Benign epidermal proliferations or tumors; some are<br>viral in origin.",""],["Warts",8987,0.0,"D014860","C01.925.928.914",3,"Description: Benign epidermal proliferations or tumors; some are<br>viral in origin.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Viral",765,0.0,"D003236","C01.375.725.250",1,"Description: Inflammation, often mild, of the conjunctiva caused<br>by a variety of viral agents. Conjunctival involvement may be<br>part of a systemic infection.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Viral",765,0.0,"D003236","C01.925.325.250",1,"Description: Inflammation, often mild, of the conjunctiva caused<br>by a variety of viral agents. Conjunctival involvement may be<br>part of a systemic infection.",""],["Eye Infections, Bacterial",14074,0.0,"D015818","C01.150.252.289",9,"Description: Infections in the inner or external eye caused by<br>microorganisms belonging to several families of bacteria. Some of<br>the more common genera found are Haemophilus, Neisseria,<br>Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Chlamydia.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Bacterial",5890,0.0,"D003234","C01.375.354.220",3,"Description: Purulent infections of the conjunctiva by several<br>species of gram-negative, gram-positive, or acid-fast organisms.<br>Some of the more commonly found genera causing conjunctival<br>infections are Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and<br>Chlamydia.",""],["Cryptococcosis",9271,0.0,"D003453","C01.150.703.248",1,"Description: Fungal infection caused by genus CRYPTOCOCCUS.",""],["Cryptosporidiosis",5504,0.0,"D003457","C01.610.432.269",0,"Description: Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus<br>CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms<br>include severe DIARRHEA.",""],["Hepatitis D",2241,0.0,"D003699","C01.925.440.450",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS, a defective RNA virus that can only infect<br>HEPATITIS B patients. For its viral coating, hepatitis delta<br>virus requires the HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS produced by these<br>patients. Hepatitis D can occur either concomitantly with<br>(coinfection) or subsequent to (superinfection) hepatitis B<br>infection. Similar to hepatitis B, it is primarily transmitted by<br>parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or<br>blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or<br>intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepatitis D",2241,0.0,"D003699","C01.925.782.450",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS, a defective RNA virus that can only infect<br>HEPATITIS B patients. For its viral coating, hepatitis delta<br>virus requires the HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS produced by these<br>patients. Hepatitis D can occur either concomitantly with<br>(coinfection) or subsequent to (superinfection) hepatitis B<br>infection. Similar to hepatitis B, it is primarily transmitted by<br>parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or<br>blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or<br>intimate personal contact.",""],["Dengue",15551,0.0,"D003715","C01.920.500.270",1,"Description: An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of<br>AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting<br>and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE<br>DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.",""],["Dengue",15551,0.0,"D003715","C01.925.081.270",1,"Description: An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of<br>AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting<br>and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE<br>DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.",""],["Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral",33765,0.1,"D006482","C01.925.782.417",12,"Description: A group of viral diseases of diverse etiology but<br>having many similar clinical characteristics; increased capillary<br>permeability, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia are common to all.<br>Hemorrhagic fevers are characterized by sudden onset, fever,<br>headache, generalized myalgia, backache, conjunctivitis, and<br>severe prostration, followed by various hemorrhagic symptoms.<br>Hemorrhagic fever with kidney involvement is HEMORRHAGIC FEVER<br>WITH RENAL SYNDROME.",""],["Helminthiasis, Animal",8769,0.0,"D006374","C01.610.335.349",7,"Description: Infestation of animals with parasitic worms of the<br>helminth class. The infestation may be experimental or<br>veterinary.",""],["Helminthiasis, Animal",8769,0.0,"D006374","C01.610.701.377",7,"Description: Infestation of animals with parasitic worms of the<br>helminth class. The infestation may be experimental or<br>veterinary.",""],["Dientamoebiasis",163,0.0,"D004030","C01.610.432.275",0,"Description: Gastrointestinal infection with organisms of the<br>genus DIENTAMOEBA.",""],["Dientamoebiasis",163,0.0,"D004030","C01.610.752.275",0,"Description: Gastrointestinal infection with organisms of the<br>genus DIENTAMOEBA.",""],["Dysentery, Amebic",3842,0.0,"D004404","C01.610.432.396",0,"Description: DYSENTERY caused by intestinal amebic infection,<br>chiefly with ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA. This condition may be<br>associated with amebic infection of the LIVER and other distant<br>sites.",""],["Echinococcosis, Hepatic",5658,0.0,"D004444","C01.610.518.314",0,"Description: Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic<br>tapeworms of the genus ECHINOCOCCUS, such as Echinococcus<br>granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis. Ingested Echinococcus<br>ova burrow into the intestinal mucosa. The larval migration to<br>the liver via the PORTAL VEIN leads to watery vesicles (HYDATID<br>CYST).",""],["Echinococcosis, Pulmonary",2378,0.0,"D004445","C01.610.582.314",0,"Description: Helminth infection of the lung caused by<br>Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis.",""],["Echinococcosis, Pulmonary",2378,0.0,"D004445","C01.748.450.314",0,"Description: Helminth infection of the lung caused by<br>Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis.",""],["Ecthyma",364,0.0,"D004473","C01.800.720.210",0,"Description: An ulcerative pyoderma usually caused by group A<br>beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection at the site of minor<br>trauma. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Poxviridae Infections",12845,0.0,"D011213","C01.925.256.743",10,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the POXVIRIDAE.",""],["Ectoparasitic Infestations",21142,0.1,"D004478","C01.610.858.211",10,"Description: Infestations by PARASITES which live on, or burrow<br>into, the surface of their host's EPIDERMIS. Most ectoparasites<br>are ARTHROPODS.",""],["Empyema, Tuberculous",689,0.0,"D004654","C01.748.265.320",0,"Description: Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Empyema, Tuberculous",689,0.0,"D004654","C01.748.912.405",0,"Description: Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Empyema, Pleural",3947,0.0,"D016724","C01.830.305.310",1,"Description: Suppurative inflammation of the pleural space.",""],["Encephalitis, Viral",25992,0.1,"D018792","C01.207.245.340",14,"Description: Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result<br>of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or<br>secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.",""],["Encephalitis, Viral",25992,0.1,"D018792","C01.207.399.750",14,"Description: Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result<br>of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or<br>secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.",""],["Encephalitis, Arbovirus",15564,0.0,"D004671","C01.920.500.343",9,"Description: Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne<br>viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families<br>TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and<br>RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by<br>ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate<br>hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of<br>mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include<br>fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994<br>Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System,<br>10th ed, p321)",""],["Encephalitis, Arbovirus",15564,0.0,"D004671","C01.925.081.343",9,"Description: Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne<br>viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families<br>TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and<br>RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by<br>ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate<br>hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of<br>mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include<br>fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994<br>Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System,<br>10th ed, p321)",""],["Encephalitis, Viral",25820,0.1,"D018792","C01.925.182.525",13,"Description: Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result<br>of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or<br>secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.",""],["Encephalitis, Arbovirus",13566,0.0,"D004671","C01.925.782.310",5,"Description: Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne<br>viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families<br>TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and<br>RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by<br>ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate<br>hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of<br>mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include<br>fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994<br>Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System,<br>10th ed, p321)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C01.920.930.400",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C01.207.291.323",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Alphavirus Infections",6353,0.0,"D018354","C01.920.500.078",5,"Description: Virus diseases caused by members of the ALPHAVIRUS<br>genus of the family TOGAVIRIDAE.",""],["Togaviridae Infections",14130,0.0,"D014036","C01.925.782.930",9,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the TOGAVIRIDAE.",""],["Endocarditis, Bacterial",20565,0.1,"D004697","C01.150.252.245",1,"Description: Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA<br>that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with<br>predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART<br>VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or<br>intravenous drug use.",""],["Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial",1942,0.0,"D004698","C01.190.249.407",0,"Description: ENDOCARDIUM infection that is usually caused by<br>STREPTOCOCCUS. Subacute infective endocarditis evolves over weeks<br>and months with modest toxicity and rare metastatic infection.",""],["Epiglottitis",965,0.0,"D004826","C01.748.798.200",0,"Description: Inflammation of the EPIGLOTTIS.",""],["Equine Infectious Anemia",568,0.0,"D004859","C01.925.839.375",0,"Description: Viral disease of horses caused by the equine<br>infectious anemia virus (EIAV; INFECTIOUS ANEMIA VIRUS, EQUINE).<br>It is characterized by intermittent fever, weakness, and anemia.<br>Chronic infection consists of acute episodes with remissions.",""],["Erysipelas",1181,0.0,"D004886","C01.800.720.260",0,"Description: An acute infection of the skin caused by species of<br>STREPTOCOCCUS. This disease most frequently affects infants,<br>young children, and the elderly. Characteristics include pink-to-<br>red lesions that spread rapidly and are warm to the touch. The<br>commonest site of involvement is the face.",""],["Tuberculosis, Cutaneous",4494,0.0,"D014382","C01.800.720.820",2,"Description: Tuberculosis of the skin. It includes scrofuloderma<br>and tuberculid, but not LUPUS VULGARIS.",""],["Erythrasma",100,0.0,"D004894","C01.800.720.320",0,"Description: A chronic bacterial infection of major folds of the<br>skin, caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.",""],["Exanthema Subitum",381,0.0,"D005077","C01.925.825.290",0,"Description: An acute, short-lived, viral disease of infants and<br>young children characterized by a high fever at onset that drops<br>to normal after 3-4 days and the concomitant appearance of a<br>macular or maculopapular rash that appears first on the trunk and<br>then spreads to other areas. It is the sixth of the classical<br>exanthematous diseases and is caused by HHV-6; (HERPESVIRUS 6,<br>HUMAN). (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Fascioliasis",3908,0.0,"D005211","C01.610.518.424",0,"Description: Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic<br>flukes of the genus FASCIOLA, such as FASCIOLA HEPATICA.",""],["Orthomyxoviridae Infections",71708,0.2,"D009976","C01.925.782.620",2,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.",""],["Geotrichosis",133,0.0,"D005847","C01.150.703.392",0,"Description: Infection due to the fungus Geotrichum.",""],["Giardiasis",4804,0.0,"D005873","C01.610.432.481",0,"Description: An infection of the SMALL INTESTINE caused by the<br>flagellated protozoan GIARDIA. It is spread via contaminated food<br>and water and by direct person-to-person contact.",""],["Giardiasis",4804,0.0,"D005873","C01.610.752.400",0,"Description: An infection of the SMALL INTESTINE caused by the<br>flagellated protozoan GIARDIA. It is spread via contaminated food<br>and water and by direct person-to-person contact.",""],["Gonorrhea",12243,0.0,"D006069","C01.778.281.401",0,"Description: Acute infectious disease characterized by primary<br>invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA<br>GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.",""],["Granuloma Inguinale",548,0.0,"D006100","C01.778.281.451",0,"Description: Anogenital ulcers caused by Calymmatobacterium<br>granulomatis as distinguished from lymphogranuloma inguinale (see<br>LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM) caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.<br>Diagnosis is made by demonstration of typical intracellular<br>Donovan bodies in crushed-tissue smears.",""],["Granuloma Inguinale",548,0.0,"D006100","C01.800.720.360",0,"Description: Anogenital ulcers caused by Calymmatobacterium<br>granulomatis as distinguished from lymphogranuloma inguinale (see<br>LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM) caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.<br>Diagnosis is made by demonstration of typical intracellular<br>Donovan bodies in crushed-tissue smears.",""],["Ehrlichiosis",2743,0.0,"D016873","C01.920.930.300",1,"Description: A tick-borne disease characterized by FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; myalgias; ANOREXIA; and occasionally RASH. It is caused<br>by several bacterial species and can produce disease in DOGS;<br>CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; HORSES; and humans. The primary species<br>causing human disease are EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS; ANAPLASMA<br>PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; and Ehrlichia ewingii.",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean",1311,0.0,"D006479","C01.920.500.528",0,"Description: A severe, often fatal disease in humans caused by<br>the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (HEMORRHAGIC FEVER<br>VIRUS, CRIMEAN-CONGO).",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean",1311,0.0,"D006479","C01.920.930.430",0,"Description: A severe, often fatal disease in humans caused by<br>the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (HEMORRHAGIC FEVER<br>VIRUS, CRIMEAN-CONGO).",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean",1311,0.0,"D006479","C01.925.081.522",0,"Description: A severe, often fatal disease in humans caused by<br>the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (HEMORRHAGIC FEVER<br>VIRUS, CRIMEAN-CONGO).",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Omsk",26,0.0,"D006481","C01.920.930.440",0,"Description: Infection with the Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, a<br>Flavivirus.",""],["Hemorrhagic Fever, Omsk",26,0.0,"D006481","C01.925.081.611",0,"Description: Infection with the Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, a<br>Flavivirus.",""],["Bacteremia",23152,0.1,"D016470","C01.150.252.100",1,"Description: The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the<br>blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute<br>manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in<br>already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying<br>diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams<br>susceptible to invasion.",""],["Hemorrhagic Septicemia",214,0.0,"D006483","C01.757.100.375",0,"Description: Any of several bacterial diseases, usually caused by<br>PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA, marked by the presence of hemorrhagic<br>areas in the subcutaneous tissues, serous membranes, muscles,<br>lymph glands, and throughout the internal organs. The diseases<br>primarily affect animals and rarely humans.",""],["Hepatitis A",17991,0.1,"D006506","C01.925.440.420",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a<br>member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can<br>be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water.",""],["Hepatitis B",57223,0.2,"D006509","C01.221.250.500",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a<br>member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is<br>primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion<br>of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be<br>transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepadnaviridae Infections",57418,0.2,"D018347","C01.925.256.430",2,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the HEPADNAVIRIDAE.",""],["Hepatitis B",57223,0.2,"D006509","C01.925.440.435",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a<br>member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is<br>primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion<br>of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be<br>transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepatitis, Infectious Canine",119,0.0,"D006522","C01.436.430.440",0,"Description: A contagious disease caused by canine adenovirus<br>(ADENOVIRUSES, CANINE) infecting the LIVER, the EYE, the KIDNEY,<br>and other organs in dogs, other canids, and bears. Symptoms<br>include FEVER; EDEMA; VOMITING; and DIARRHEA.",""],["Hepatitis, Infectious Canine",119,0.0,"D006522","C01.925.407.432",0,"Description: A contagious disease caused by canine adenovirus<br>(ADENOVIRUSES, CANINE) infecting the LIVER, the EYE, the KIDNEY,<br>and other organs in dogs, other canids, and bears. Symptoms<br>include FEVER; EDEMA; VOMITING; and DIARRHEA.",""],["Hepatitis C",70081,0.2,"D006526","C01.221.250.750",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation<br>period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by<br>contaminated blood parenterally and is often associated with<br>transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant<br>number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.",""],["Hepatitis C",70081,0.2,"D006526","C01.925.440.440",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation<br>period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by<br>contaminated blood parenterally and is often associated with<br>transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant<br>number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.",""],["Herpes Genitalis",4314,0.0,"D006558","C01.778.640.350",0,"Description: Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES<br>SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.",""],["Herpes Genitalis",4314,0.0,"D006558","C01.925.813.350",0,"Description: Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES<br>SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.",""],["Herpes Simplex",13665,0.0,"D006561","C01.925.825.320",2,"Description: A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex<br>virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development<br>of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised<br>erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a<br>primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent<br>infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)",""],["Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus",1307,0.0,"D006563","C01.375.725.450",0,"Description: Virus infection of the Gasserian ganglion and its<br>nerve branches characterized by pain and vesicular eruptions with<br>much swelling. Ocular involvement is usually heralded by a<br>vesicle on the tip of the nose. This area is innervated by the<br>nasociliary nerve.",""],["Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus",1307,0.0,"D006563","C01.925.325.450",0,"Description: Virus infection of the Gasserian ganglion and its<br>nerve branches characterized by pain and vesicular eruptions with<br>much swelling. Ocular involvement is usually heralded by a<br>vesicle on the tip of the nose. This area is innervated by the<br>nasociliary nerve.",""],["Histoplasmosis",5865,0.0,"D006660","C01.150.703.450",0,"Description: Infection resulting from exposure to the fungus<br>HISTOPLASMA. It is worldwide in distribution and particularly<br>common in the central and eastern states, especially areas around<br>the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys.",""],["Hordeolum",86,0.0,"D006726","C01.375.354.400",0,"Description: Purulent infection of one of the sebaceous glands of<br>Zeis along the eyelid margin (external) or of the meibomian gland<br>on the conjunctival side of the eyelid (internal).",""],["Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome",6294,0.0,"D007562","C01.207.800.230",0,"Description: A rare transmissible encephalopathy most prevalent<br>between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Affected individuals may<br>present with sleep disturbances, personality changes, ATAXIA;<br>APHASIA, visual loss, weakness, muscle atrophy, MYOCLONUS,<br>progressive dementia, and death within one year of disease onset.<br>A familial form exhibiting autosomal dominant inheritance and a<br>new variant CJD (potentially associated with ENCEPHALOPATHY,<br>BOVINE SPONGIFORM) have been described. Pathological features<br>include prominent cerebellar and cerebral cortical spongiform<br>degeneration and the presence of PRIONS. (From N Engl J Med, 1998<br>Dec 31;339(27))",""],["Keratitis, Herpetic",3822,0.0,"D016849","C01.375.725.465",1,"Description: A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis<br>infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small<br>vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic<br>ulcers (KERATITIS, DENDRITIC). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d<br>ed)",""],["Keratitis, Herpetic",3822,0.0,"D016849","C01.925.325.465",1,"Description: A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis<br>infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small<br>vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic<br>ulcers (KERATITIS, DENDRITIC). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d<br>ed)",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious",260,0.0,"D007639","C01.375.354.450",0,"Description: Infectious diseases of cattle, sheep, and goats,<br>characterized by blepharospasm, lacrimation, conjunctivitis, and<br>varying degrees of corneal opacity and ulceration. In cattle the<br>causative agent is MORAXELLA (MORAXELLA) BOVIS; in sheep,<br>MYCOPLASMA; RICKETTSIA; CHLAMYDIA; or ACHOLEPLASMA; in goats,<br>RICKETTSIA.",""],["Kuru",421,0.0,"D007729","C01.207.800.435",0,"Description: A prion disease found exclusively among the Fore<br>linguistic group natives of the highlands of NEW GUINEA. The<br>illness is primarily restricted to adult females and children of<br>both sexes. It is marked by the subacute onset of tremor and<br>ataxia followed by motor weakness and incontinence. Death occurs<br>within 3-6 months of disease onset. The condition is associated<br>with ritual cannibalism, and has become rare since this practice<br>has been discontinued. Pathologic features include a<br>noninflammatory loss of neurons that is most prominent in the<br>cerebellum, glial proliferation, and amyloid plaques. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p773)",""],["Kyasanur Forest Disease",106,0.0,"D007733","C01.920.930.475",0,"Description: Tick-borne flavivirus infection occurring in the<br>Kyasanur Forest in India.",""],["Kyasanur Forest Disease",106,0.0,"D007733","C01.925.081.656",0,"Description: Tick-borne flavivirus infection occurring in the<br>Kyasanur Forest in India.",""],["Larva Migrans",904,0.0,"D007815","C01.610.858.424",0,"Description: Infections caused by nematode larvae which never<br>develop into the adult stage and migrate through various body<br>tissues. They commonly infect the skin, eyes, and viscera in man.<br>Ancylostoma brasiliensis causes cutaneous larva migrans. Toxocara<br>causes visceral larva migrans.",""],["Legionnaires' Disease",4674,0.0,"D007877","C01.748.382.380",0,"Description: An acute, sometimes fatal, pneumonia-like bacterial<br>infection characterized by high fever, malaise, muscle aches,<br>respiratory disorders and headache. It is named for an outbreak<br>at the 1976 Philadelphia convention of the American Legion.",""],["Leishmaniasis",15855,0.0,"D007896","C01.610.858.560",3,"Description: A disease caused by any of a number of species of<br>protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical<br>types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World)<br>(LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS,<br>DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS),<br>and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).",""],["Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous",8987,0.0,"D016773","C01.920.813.400",2,"Description: An endemic disease that is characterized by the<br>development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed<br>areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been<br>divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is<br>separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and<br>clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L.<br>tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the<br>L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American<br>leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused<br>by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.",""],["Leishmaniasis, Visceral",10821,0.0,"D007898","C01.920.813.510",0,"Description: A chronic disease caused by LEISHMANIA DONOVANI and<br>transmitted by the bite of several sandflies of the genera<br>Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. It is commonly characterized by fever,<br>chills, vomiting, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia,<br>hypergammaglobulinemia, emaciation, and an earth-gray color of<br>the skin. The disease is classified into three main types<br>according to geographic distribution: Indian, Mediterranean (or<br>infantile), and African.",""],["Polyomavirus Infections",9365,0.0,"D027601","C01.925.256.721",2,"Description: Infections with POLYOMAVIRUS, which are often<br>cultured from the urine of kidney transplant patients. Excretion<br>of BK VIRUS is associated with ureteral strictures and CYSTITIS,<br>and that of JC VIRUS with progressive multifocal<br>leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE<br>MULTIFOCAL).",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C01.925.839.550",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Abdominal Abscess",11460,0.0,"D018784","C01.830.025.020",4,"Description: An abscess located in the abdominal cavity, i.e.,<br>the cavity between the diaphragm above and the pelvis below.<br>(From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Liver Abscess, Amebic",2838,0.0,"D008101","C01.610.518.600",0,"Description: Single or multiple areas of PUS due to infection by<br>any ameboid protozoa (AMEBIASIS). A common form is caused by the<br>ingestion of ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA.",""],["Ludwig's Angina",383,0.0,"D008158","C01.800.130.500",0,"Description: Severe cellulitis of the submaxillary space with<br>secondary involvement of the perimandibular spaces. It usually<br>results from infection in the lower molar area or from an<br>infection following a penetrating injury to the MOUTH FLOOR.",""],["Lung Abscess",3901,0.0,"D008169","C01.830.025.490",0,"Description: Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the<br>lung parenchyma as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa,<br>or other agents.",""],["Meningitis, Viral",3893,0.0,"D008587","C01.207.245.500",1,"Description: Viral infections of the leptomeninges and<br>subarachnoid space. TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; RUBELLA; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORBIVIRUS<br>infections; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; JC VIRUS<br>infections; and RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS may cause this form of<br>meningitis. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, neck<br>pain, vomiting, PHOTOPHOBIA, and signs of meningeal irritation.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)",""],["Meningitis, Viral",3893,0.0,"D008587","C01.925.182.550",1,"Description: Viral infections of the leptomeninges and<br>subarachnoid space. TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; RUBELLA; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORBIVIRUS<br>infections; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; JC VIRUS<br>infections; and RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS may cause this form of<br>meningitis. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, neck<br>pain, vomiting, PHOTOPHOBIA, and signs of meningeal irritation.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)",""],["Mycetoma",2289,0.0,"D008271","C01.800.200.500",0,"Description: A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused<br>by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes<br>(actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses,<br>and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens,<br>such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with<br>different grain colors.",""],["Mycetoma",2289,0.0,"D008271","C01.800.720.557",0,"Description: A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused<br>by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes<br>(actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses,<br>and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens,<br>such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with<br>different grain colors.",""],["Malaria, Avian",665,0.0,"D008289","C01.920.875.606",0,"Description: Any of a group of infections of fowl caused by<br>protozoa of the genera PLASMODIUM, Leucocytozoon, and<br>Haemoproteus. The life cycles of these parasites and the disease<br>produced bears strong resemblance to those observed in human<br>malaria.",""],["Marek Disease",1618,0.0,"D008380","C01.925.928.489",0,"Description: A transmissible viral disease of birds caused by<br>avian herpesvirus 2 (HERPESVIRUS 2, GALLID) and other MARDIVIRUS.<br>There is lymphoid cell infiltration or lymphomatous tumor<br>formation in the peripheral nerves and gonads, but may also<br>involve visceral organs, skin, muscle, and the eye.",""],["Mastoiditis",1964,0.0,"D008417","C01.160.495.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the honeycomb-like MASTOID BONE in<br>the skull just behind the ear. It is usually a complication of<br>OTITIS MEDIA.",""],["Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections",37849,0.1,"D020806","C01.150.252.223",14,"Description: Bacterial infections of the brain, spinal cord, and<br>meninges, including infections involving the perimeningeal<br>spaces.",""],["Meningitis, Bacterial",24539,0.1,"D016920","C01.207.180.500",7,"Description: Bacterial infections of the leptomeninges and<br>subarachnoid space, frequently involving the cerebral cortex,<br>cranial nerves, cerebral blood vessels, spinal cord, and nerve<br>roots.",""],["Meningoencephalitis",6437,0.0,"D008590","C01.207.245.550",1,"Description: An inflammatory process involving the brain<br>(ENCEPHALITIS) and meninges (MENINGITIS), most often produced by<br>pathogenic organisms which invade the central nervous system, and<br>occasionally by toxins, autoimmune disorders, and other<br>conditions.",""],["Molluscum Contagiosum",1379,0.0,"D008976","C01.925.825.550",0,"Description: A common, benign, usually self-limited viral<br>infection of the skin and occasionally the conjunctivae by a<br>poxvirus (MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM VIRUS). (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Zygomycosis",5305,0.0,"D020096","C01.150.703.980",1,"Description: Infection in humans and animals caused by fungi in<br>the class Zygomycetes. It includes MUCORMYCOSIS and<br>entomophthoramycosis. The latter is a tropical infection of<br>subcutaneous tissue or paranasal sinuses caused by fungi in the<br>order Entomophthorales. Phycomycosis, closely related to<br>zygomycosis, describes infection with members of Phycomycetes, an<br>obsolete classification.",""],["Myelitis, Transverse",1573,0.0,"D009188","C01.207.618.250",0,"Description: Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal<br>cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental demyelination<br>or necrosis. The condition may occur sporadically, follow an<br>infection or vaccination, or present as a paraneoplastic syndrome<br>(see also ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED). Clinical<br>manifestations include motor weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1242-6)",""],["Nairobi Sheep Disease",30,0.0,"D009265","C01.920.500.614",0,"Description: An arbovirus infection of sheep and goats<br>transmitted by ticks. It is characterized by high fever and<br>hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.",""],["Nairobi Sheep Disease",30,0.0,"D009265","C01.920.930.550",0,"Description: An arbovirus infection of sheep and goats<br>transmitted by ticks. It is characterized by high fever and<br>hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.",""],["Nairobi Sheep Disease",30,0.0,"D009265","C01.925.081.678",0,"Description: An arbovirus infection of sheep and goats<br>transmitted by ticks. It is characterized by high fever and<br>hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.",""],["Nasopharyngitis",257,0.0,"D009304","C01.748.561.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASOPHARYNX, usually including<br>its mucosa, related lymphoid structure, and glands.",""],["Neurosyphilis",3732,0.0,"D009494","C01.207.180.600",1,"Description: Infections of the central nervous system caused by<br>TREPONEMA PALLIDUM which present with a variety of clinical<br>syndromes. The initial phase of infection usually causes a mild<br>or asymptomatic meningeal reaction. The meningovascular form may<br>present acutely as BRAIN INFARCTION. The infection may also<br>remain subclinical for several years. Late syndromes include<br>general paresis; TABES DORSALIS; meningeal syphilis; syphilitic<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; and spinal syphilis. General paresis is<br>characterized by progressive DEMENTIA; DYSARTHRIA; TREMOR;<br>MYOCLONUS; SEIZURES; and Argyll-Robertson pupils. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp722-8)",""],["Onchocerciasis",3643,0.0,"D009855","C01.610.858.650",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus ONCHOCERCA.<br>Characteristics include the presence of firm subcutaneous nodules<br>filled with adult worms, PRURITUS, and ocular lesions.",""],["Eye Infections, Fungal",3406,0.0,"D015821","C01.150.703.320",2,"Description: Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through<br>four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing<br>conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of<br>infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses,<br>nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental<br>penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in<br>patients with underlying mycoses.",""],["Uveitis, Suppurative",301,0.0,"D015829","C01.375.354.900",1,"Description: Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing<br>bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an<br>injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic<br>emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or<br>meningococcemia.",""],["Uveitis, Suppurative",301,0.0,"D015829","C01.375.450.900",1,"Description: Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing<br>bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an<br>injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic<br>emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or<br>meningococcemia.",""],["Phlebotomus Fever",421,0.0,"D010217","C01.920.500.700",0,"Description: Influenza-like febrile viral disease caused by<br>several members of the BUNYAVIRIDAE family and transmitted mostly<br>by the bloodsucking sandfly Phlebotomus papatasii.",""],["Phlebotomus Fever",421,0.0,"D010217","C01.925.081.700",0,"Description: Influenza-like febrile viral disease caused by<br>several members of the BUNYAVIRIDAE family and transmitted mostly<br>by the bloodsucking sandfly Phlebotomus papatasii.",""],["Paracoccidioidomycosis",1972,0.0,"D010229","C01.150.703.700",0,"Description: A mycosis affecting the skin, mucous membranes,<br>lymph nodes, and internal organs. It is caused most often by<br>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. It is also called paracoccidioidal<br>granuloma.",""],["Periapical Abscess",1061,0.0,"D010482","C01.830.025.650",0,"Description: Acute or chronic inflammation of tissues surrounding<br>the apical portion of a tooth, associated with the collection of<br>pus, resulting from infection following pulp infection through a<br>carious lesion or as a result of an injury causing pulp necrosis.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Pericarditis, Tuberculous",638,0.0,"D010495","C01.190.750.595",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the sac surrounding the heart<br>(PERICARDIUM) due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS infection.<br>Pericarditis can lead to swelling (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION),<br>compression of the heart (CARDIAC TAMPONADE), and preventing<br>normal beating of the heart.",""],["Periodontal Abscess",406,0.0,"D010508","C01.830.025.665",0,"Description: Localized circumscribed purulent area of<br>inflammation in the periodontal tissue. It is a derivative of<br>marginal periodontitis and commonly associated with suprabony and<br>infrabony pockets and interradicular involvements, in contrast to<br>periapical abscess which is attributable to pulp necrosis.",""],["Piedra",107,0.0,"D010854","C01.150.703.753",0,"Description: Either of two diseases resulting from fungal<br>infection of the hair shafts. Black piedra occurs mainly in and<br>on the hairs of the scalp and is caused by Piedraia hortae; white<br>piedra occurs in and on the hairs of the scalp, beard, moustache<br>and genital areas and is caused by Trichosporon species.",""],["Pinta",138,0.0,"D010874","C01.800.720.630",0,"Description: An infectious disease of the skin caused by<br>Treponema carateum that occurs only in the western hemisphere.<br>Age of onset is between 10 and 20 years of age. This condition is<br>characterized by marked changes in the skin color and is believed<br>to be transmitted by direct person-to-person contact.",""],["Pleuropneumonia",633,0.0,"D011001","C01.748.582.473",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is<br>associated with PLEURISY, inflammation of the PLEURA.",""],["Pleuropneumonia",633,0.0,"D011001","C01.748.610.473",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is<br>associated with PLEURISY, inflammation of the PLEURA.",""],["Pneumonia, Aspiration",4452,0.0,"D011015","C01.748.610.529",1,"Description: A type of lung inflammation resulting from the<br>aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT.",""],["Pneumonia, Bacterial",21688,0.1,"D018410","C01.150.252.620",6,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused<br>by bacterial infections.",""],["Pneumonia, Bacterial",21749,0.1,"D018410","C01.748.610.540",7,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused<br>by bacterial infections.",""],["Pneumocystis Infections",7945,0.0,"D016720","C01.150.703.770",1,"Description: Infections with species in the genus PNEUMOCYSTIS, a<br>fungus causing interstitial plasma cell pneumonia (PNEUMONIA,<br>PNEUMOCYSTIS) and other infections in humans and other MAMMALS.<br>Immunocompromised patients, especially those with AIDS, are<br>particularly susceptible to these infections. Extrapulmonary<br>sites are rare but seen occasionally.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumocystis",7434,0.0,"D011020","C01.748.435.700",0,"Description: A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in<br>immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants,<br>characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis<br>pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS.<br>It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is<br>also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species<br>of Pneumocystis.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumocystis",7434,0.0,"D011020","C01.748.610.675",0,"Description: A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in<br>immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants,<br>characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis<br>pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS.<br>It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is<br>also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species<br>of Pneumocystis.",""],["Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep",363,0.0,"D011021","C01.925.839.660",0,"Description: Chronic respiratory disease caused by the VISNA-<br>MAEDI VIRUS. It was formerly believed to be identical with<br>jaagsiekte (PULMONARY ADENOMATOSIS, OVINE) but is now recognized<br>as a separate entity.",""],["Pneumonia, Rickettsial",61,0.0,"D011022","C01.920.914.600",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infection with bacteria of the<br>family RICKETTSIACEAE.",""],["Poliomyelitis",20433,0.1,"D011051","C01.207.618.750",2,"Description: An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly<br>children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus<br>(POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the<br>gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often<br>asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal<br>cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis,<br>coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are<br>primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus<br>replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant<br>neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related<br>condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from<br>infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)",""],["Pseudorabies",1657,0.0,"D011557","C01.207.245.710",0,"Description: A highly contagious herpesvirus infection affecting<br>the central nervous system of swine, cattle, dogs, cats, rats,<br>and other animals.",""],["Pseudorabies",1657,0.0,"D011557","C01.925.182.710",0,"Description: A highly contagious herpesvirus infection affecting<br>the central nervous system of swine, cattle, dogs, cats, rats,<br>and other animals.",""],["Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine",247,0.0,"D011648","C01.925.928.740",0,"Description: A contagious, neoplastic, pulmonary disease of sheep<br>characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of pneumocytes and<br>epithelial cells of the lung. It is caused by JAAGSIEKTE SHEEP<br>RETROVIRUS.",""],["Relapsing Fever",1092,0.0,"D012061","C01.920.930.775",0,"Description: An acute infection characterized by recurrent<br>episodes of PYREXIA alternating with asymptomatic intervals of<br>apparent recovery. This condition is caused by SPIROCHETES of the<br>genus BORRELIA. It is transmitted by the BITES of either the body<br>louse (PEDICULUS humanus corporis), for which humans are the<br>reservoir, or by soft ticks of the genus ORNITHODOROS, for which<br>rodents and other animals are the principal reservoirs.",""],["Rhinoscleroma",812,0.0,"D012226","C01.800.720.705",0,"Description: A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA<br>RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not<br>limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of<br>the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and<br>the skin.",""],["Rhinosporidiosis",546,0.0,"D012227","C01.610.600.700",0,"Description: Chronic, localized granulomatous infection of<br>mucocutaneous tissues, especially the NOSE, and characterized by<br>HYPERPLASIA and the development of POLYPS. It is found in humans<br>and other animals and is caused by the mesomycetozoean organism<br>RHINOSPORIDIUM SEEBERI.",""],["Rickettsia Infections",6404,0.0,"D012282","C01.920.914.725",2,"Description: Infections by the genus RICKETTSIA.",""],["Rift Valley Fever",1265,0.0,"D012295","C01.436.430.812",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by the RIFT VALLEY FEVER<br>VIRUS, an RNA arthropod-borne virus, affecting domestic animals<br>and humans. In animals, symptoms include HEPATITIS; abortion<br>(ABORTION, VETERINARY); and DEATH. In humans, symptoms range from<br>those of a flu-like disease to hemorrhagic fever, ENCEPHALITIS,<br>or BLINDNESS.",""],["Rift Valley Fever",1265,0.0,"D012295","C01.920.500.770",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by the RIFT VALLEY FEVER<br>VIRUS, an RNA arthropod-borne virus, affecting domestic animals<br>and humans. In animals, symptoms include HEPATITIS; abortion<br>(ABORTION, VETERINARY); and DEATH. In humans, symptoms range from<br>those of a flu-like disease to hemorrhagic fever, ENCEPHALITIS,<br>or BLINDNESS.",""],["Rift Valley Fever",1265,0.0,"D012295","C01.925.081.810",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by the RIFT VALLEY FEVER<br>VIRUS, an RNA arthropod-borne virus, affecting domestic animals<br>and humans. In animals, symptoms include HEPATITIS; abortion<br>(ABORTION, VETERINARY); and DEATH. In humans, symptoms range from<br>those of a flu-like disease to hemorrhagic fever, ENCEPHALITIS,<br>or BLINDNESS.",""],["Rift Valley Fever",1265,0.0,"D012295","C01.925.407.810",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by the RIFT VALLEY FEVER<br>VIRUS, an RNA arthropod-borne virus, affecting domestic animals<br>and humans. In animals, symptoms include HEPATITIS; abortion<br>(ABORTION, VETERINARY); and DEATH. In humans, symptoms range from<br>those of a flu-like disease to hemorrhagic fever, ENCEPHALITIS,<br>or BLINDNESS.",""],["Schistosomiasis haematobia",2506,0.0,"D012553","C01.920.922.427",0,"Description: A human disease caused by the infection of parasitic<br>worms SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM. It is endemic in AFRICA and parts<br>of the MIDDLE EAST. Tissue damages most often occur in the<br>URINARY TRACT, specifically the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Schistosomiasis japonica",2339,0.0,"D012554","C01.920.922.521",0,"Description: Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum. It<br>is endemic in the Far East and affects the bowel, liver, and<br>spleen.",""],["Schistosomiasis mansoni",6111,0.0,"D012555","C01.920.922.576",0,"Description: Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni. It is<br>endemic in Africa, the Middle East, South America, and the<br>Caribbean and affects mainly the bowel, spleen, and liver.",""],["Scrapie",2853,0.0,"D012608","C01.207.800.717",0,"Description: A fatal disease of the nervous system in sheep and<br>goats, characterized by pruritus, debility, and locomotor<br>incoordination. It is caused by proteinaceous infectious<br>particles called PRIONS.",""],["Scrub Typhus",2159,0.0,"D012612","C01.920.914.850",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease caused by ORIENTIA<br>TSUTSUGAMUSHI. It is limited to eastern and southeastern Asia,<br>India, northern Australia, and the adjacent islands.<br>Characteristics include the formation of a primary cutaneous<br>lesion at the site of the bite of an infected mite, fever lasting<br>about two weeks, and a maculopapular rash.",""],["Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic",335,0.0,"D012766","C01.748.085.600",0,"Description: Bovine respiratory disease found in animals that<br>have been shipped or exposed to CATTLE recently transported. The<br>major agent responsible for the disease is MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA<br>and less commonly, PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA or HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS.<br>All three agents are normal inhabitants of the bovine nasal<br>pharyngeal mucosa but not the LUNG. They are considered<br>opportunistic pathogens following STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL and/or a<br>viral infection. The resulting bacterial fibrinous<br>BRONCHOPNEUMONIA is often fatal.",""],["Silicotuberculosis",664,0.0,"D012830","C01.748.939.669",0,"Description: Pulmonary or extrapulmonary infection caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or nontuberculous mycobacteria in a<br>patient with silicosis.",""],["Sporotrichosis",1892,0.0,"D013174","C01.800.200.675",0,"Description: The commonest and least serious of the deep mycoses,<br>characterized by nodular lesions of the cutaneous and<br>subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by inhalation of contaminated<br>dust or by infection of a wound with SPOROTHRIX.",""],["Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis",2058,0.0,"D013344","C01.925.839.862",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by<br>chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The condition occurs<br>primarily in children and young adults, approximately 2-8 years<br>after the initial infection. A gradual decline in intellectual<br>abilities and behavioral alterations are followed by progressive<br>MYOCLONUS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; autonomic<br>dysfunction; and ATAXIA. DEATH usually occurs 1-3 years after<br>disease onset. Pathologic features include perivascular cuffing,<br>eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, neurophagia, and fibrous<br>gliosis. It is caused by the SSPE virus, which is a defective<br>variant of MEASLES VIRUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp767-8)",""],["Subdural Effusion",831,0.0,"D013353","C01.207.709.675",0,"Description: Leakage and accumulation of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID in<br>the subdural space which may be associated with an infectious<br>process; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPOTENSION; and other conditions.",""],["Empyema, Subdural",773,0.0,"D013354","C01.207.709.300",0,"Description: An intracranial or rarely intraspinal suppurative<br>process invading the space between the inner surface of the DURA<br>MATER and the outer surface of the ARACHNOID.",""],["Empyema, Subdural",773,0.0,"D013354","C01.830.305.330",0,"Description: An intracranial or rarely intraspinal suppurative<br>process invading the space between the inner surface of the DURA<br>MATER and the outer surface of the ARACHNOID.",""],["Subphrenic Abscess",791,0.0,"D013369","C01.463.600.500",0,"Description: Accumulation of purulent EXUDATES beneath the<br>DIAPHRAGM, also known as upper abdominal abscess. It is usually<br>associated with PERITONITIS or postoperative infections.",""],["Syphilis",20409,0.1,"D013587","C01.778.281.859",0,"Description: A contagious venereal disease caused by the<br>spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.",""],["Syphilis, Cutaneous",945,0.0,"D013591","C01.800.720.790",0,"Description: Cutaneous lesions arising from infection with<br>Treponema pallidum. In the primary stage, 18-21 days following<br>infection, one or more chancres appear. If untreated, the<br>subsequent stages of the disease appear as syphilids. These<br>eruptions are superficial, nondestructive, exanthematic,<br>transient, macular roseolas that may later be maculopapular or<br>papular polymorphous or scaly, pustular, pigmented<br>eruptions.(Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the<br>Skin, 8th ed, p409)",""],["Theileriasis",2024,0.0,"D013801","C01.610.752.750",0,"Description: Infection of cattle, sheep, or goats with protozoa<br>of the genus THEILERIA. This infection results in an acute or<br>chronic febrile condition.",""],["Theileriasis",2024,0.0,"D013801","C01.920.930.915",0,"Description: Infection of cattle, sheep, or goats with protozoa<br>of the genus THEILERIA. This infection results in an acute or<br>chronic febrile condition.",""],["Tinea Versicolor",822,0.0,"D014010","C01.800.200.860",0,"Description: A common chronic, noninflammatory and usually<br>symptomless disorder, characterized by the occurrence of multiple<br>macular patches of all sizes and shapes, and varying in<br>pigmentation from fawn-colored to brown. It is seen most<br>frequently in hot, humid, tropical regions and is mostly caused<br>by MALASSEZIA FURFUR (formerly Pityrosporum orbiculare).",""],["Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections",6016,0.0,"D020808","C01.207.205.300",3,"Description: Infections of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges by<br>single celled organisms of the former subkingdom known as<br>protozoa. The central nervous system may be the primary or<br>secondary site of protozoal infection. These diseases may occur<br>as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS or arise in immunocompetent hosts.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Ocular",1772,0.0,"D014126","C01.610.300.781",0,"Description: Infection caused by the protozoan parasite<br>TOXOPLASMA in which there is extensive connective tissue<br>proliferation, the retina surrounding the lesions remains normal,<br>and the ocular media remain clear. Chorioretinitis may be<br>associated with all forms of toxoplasmosis, but is usually a late<br>sequel of congenital toxoplasmosis. The severe ocular lesions in<br>infants may lead to blindness.",""],["Trichomonas Infections",5653,0.0,"D014245","C01.610.752.890",1,"Description: Infections in birds and mammals produced by various<br>species of Trichomonas.",""],["Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System",8114,0.0,"D020306","C01.207.180.850",2,"Description: Tuberculosis of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges<br>(TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL), most often caused by MYCOBACTERIUM<br>TUBERCULOSIS and rarely by MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The infection may<br>be limited to the nervous system or coexist in other organs<br>(e.g., TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY). The organism tends to seed the<br>meninges causing a diffuse meningitis and leads to the formation<br>of TUBERCULOMA, which may occur within the brain, spinal cord, or<br>perimeningeal spaces. Tuberculous involvement of the vertebral<br>column (TUBERCULOSIS, SPINAL) may result in nerve root or spinal<br>cord compression. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, pp717-20)",""],["Tuberculosis, Ocular",1546,0.0,"D014392","C01.375.354.800",0,"Description: Tuberculous infection of the eye, primarily the<br>iris, ciliary body, and choroid.",""],["Peritonitis, Tuberculous",1695,0.0,"D014395","C01.463.600.249",0,"Description: A form of PERITONITIS seen in patients with<br>TUBERCULOSIS, characterized by lesion either as a miliary form or<br>as a pelvic mass on the peritoneal surfaces. Most patients have<br>ASCITES, abdominal swelling, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and other systemic<br>symptoms such as FEVER; WEIGHT LOSS; and ANEMIA.",""],["Tuberculosis, Spinal",4196,0.0,"D014399","C01.160.886.722",0,"Description: Osteitis or caries of the vertebrae, usually<br>occurring as a complication of tuberculosis of the lungs.",""],["Tularemia",3451,0.0,"D014406","C01.920.930.943",0,"Description: A plague-like disease of rodents, transmissible to<br>man. It is caused by FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS and is characterized<br>by fever, chills, headache, backache, and weakness.",""],["Caliciviridae Infections",4374,0.0,"D017250","C01.925.782.160",1,"Description: Virus diseases caused by CALICIVIRIDAE. They include<br>HEPATITIS E; VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE; acute respiratory<br>infections in felines, rabbit hemorrhagic disease, and some cases<br>of gastroenteritis in humans.",""],["Yaws",825,0.0,"D015001","C01.800.720.910",0,"Description: A systemic non-venereal infection of the tropics<br>caused by TREPONEMA PALLIDUM subspecies pertenue.",""],["Yellow Fever",2842,0.0,"D015004","C01.920.500.980",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease primarily of the<br>tropics, caused by a virus and transmitted to man by mosquitoes<br>of the genera Aedes and Haemagogus. The severe form is<br>characterized by fever, HEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE, and renal damage.",""],["Yellow Fever",2842,0.0,"D015004","C01.925.081.980",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease primarily of the<br>tropics, caused by a virus and transmitted to man by mosquitoes<br>of the genera Aedes and Haemagogus. The severe form is<br>characterized by fever, HEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE, and renal damage.",""],["Superinfection",1283,0.0,"D015163","C01.610.684.880",0,"Description: A frequent complication of drug therapy for<br>microbial infection. It may result from opportunistic<br>colonization following immunosuppression by the primary pathogen<br>and can be influenced by the time interval between infections,<br>microbial physiology, or host resistance. Experimental challenge<br>and in vitro models are sometimes used in virulence and<br>infectivity studies.",""],["Superinfection",1283,0.0,"D015163","C01.925.597.880",0,"Description: A frequent complication of drug therapy for<br>microbial infection. It may result from opportunistic<br>colonization following immunosuppression by the primary pathogen<br>and can be influenced by the time interval between infections,<br>microbial physiology, or host resistance. Experimental challenge<br>and in vitro models are sometimes used in virulence and<br>infectivity studies.",""],["Carcinoma, Merkel Cell",3233,0.0,"D015266","C01.925.928.216",0,"Description: A carcinoma arising from MERKEL CELLS located in the<br>basal layer of the epidermis and occurring most commonly as a<br>primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Merkel cells are<br>tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin and histologically show<br>neurosecretory granules. The skin of the head and neck are a<br>common site of Merkel cell carcinoma, occurring generally in<br>elderly patients. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1245)",""],["Discitis",2412,0.0,"D015299","C01.160.762.301",0,"Description: Inflammation of an INTERVERTEBRAL DISC or disk space<br>which may lead to disk erosion. Until recently, discitis has been<br>defined as a nonbacterial inflammation and has been attributed to<br>aseptic processes (e.g., chemical reaction to an injected<br>substance). However, recent studies provide evidence that<br>infection may be the initial cause, but perhaps not the promoter,<br>of most cases of discitis. Discitis has been diagnosed in<br>patients following discography, myelography, lumbar puncture,<br>paravertebral injection, and obstetrical epidural anesthesia.<br>Discitis following chemonucleolysis (especially with chymopapain)<br>is attributed to chemical reaction by some and to introduction of<br>microorganisms by others.",""],["Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic",1663,0.0,"D015493","C01.207.618.500",0,"Description: A subacute paralytic myeloneuropathy occurring<br>endemically in tropical areas such as the Caribbean, Colombia,<br>India, and Africa, as well as in the southwestern region of<br>Japan; associated with infection by HUMAN T-CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS<br>I. Clinical manifestations include a slowly progressive spastic<br>weakness of the legs, increased reflexes, Babinski signs,<br>incontinence, and loss of vibratory and position sensation. On<br>pathologic examination inflammatory, demyelination, and necrotic<br>lesions may be found in the spinal cord. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1239)",""],["Ethmoid Sinusitis",444,0.0,"D015521","C01.748.749.267",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the ETHMOID<br>SINUS. It may present itself as an acute (infectious) or chronic<br>(allergic) condition.",""],["Frontal Sinusitis",720,0.0,"D015522","C01.748.749.387",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the FRONTAL<br>SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the<br>bacteria STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE or HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE.",""],["Maxillary Sinusitis",1890,0.0,"D015523","C01.748.749.578",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the MAXILLARY<br>SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the<br>bacteria HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; or<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.",""],["Sphenoid Sinusitis",440,0.0,"D015524","C01.748.749.827",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the SPHENOID<br>SINUS. Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is uncommon. It usually occurs<br>in conjunction with other paranasal sinusitis.",""],["Erythema Chronicum Migrans",576,0.0,"D015787","C01.800.720.310",0,"Description: A deep type of gyrate erythema that follows a bite<br>by an ixodid tick; it is a stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE.<br>The site of the bite is characterized by a red papule that<br>expands peripherally as a nonscaling, palpable band that clears<br>centrally. This condition is often associated with systemic<br>symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea,<br>vomiting, fatigue, backache, and stiff neck.",""],["Acanthamoeba Keratitis",1181,0.0,"D015823","C01.610.300.125",0,"Description: Infection of the cornea by an ameboid protozoan<br>which may cause corneal ulceration leading to blindness.",""],["Onchocerciasis, Ocular",398,0.0,"D015827","C01.610.300.562",0,"Description: Filarial infection of the eyes transmitted from<br>person to person by bites of Onchocerca volvulus-infected black<br>flies. The microfilariae of Onchocerca are thus deposited beneath<br>the skin. They migrate through various tissues including the eye.<br>Those persons infected have impaired vision and up to 20% are<br>blind. The incidence of eye lesions has been reported to be as<br>high as 30% in Central America and parts of Africa.",""],["Uveitis, Suppurative",21,0.0,"D015829","C01.375.265.500",0,"Description: Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing<br>bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an<br>injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic<br>emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or<br>meningococcemia.",""],["Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",4328,0.0,"D016097","C01.925.839.850",0,"Description: Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs<br>naturally in macaques infected with SRV serotypes, experimentally<br>in monkeys inoculated with SRV or MASON-PFIZER MONKEY VIRUS;<br>(MPMV), or in monkeys infected with SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>VIRUS.",""],["Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease",342,0.0,"D016098","C01.207.800.350",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial prion disease with a<br>wide spectrum of clinical presentations including ATAXIA, spastic<br>paraparesis, extrapyramidal signs, and DEMENTIA. Clinical onset<br>is in the third to sixth decade of life and the mean duration of<br>illness prior to death is five years. Several kindreds with<br>variable clinical and pathologic features have been described.<br>Pathologic features include cerebral prion protein amyloidosis,<br>and spongiform or neurofibrillary degeneration. (From Brain<br>Pathol 1998 Jul;8(3):499-513; Brain Pathol 1995 Jan;5(1):61-75)",""],["Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",847,0.0,"D016181","C01.925.839.400",0,"Description: Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs in<br>cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and in<br>some cats infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV).",""],["Visna",105,0.0,"D016182","C01.925.839.900",0,"Description: Demyelinating leukoencephalomyelitis of sheep caused<br>by the VISNA-MAEDI VIRUS. It is similar to but not the same as<br>SCRAPIE.",""],["Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",439,0.0,"D016183","C01.925.928.650",0,"Description: Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs in<br>mice infected with mouse leukemia viruses (MuLV). The syndrome<br>shows striking similarities with human AIDS and is characterized<br>by lymphadenopathy, profound immunosuppression, enhanced<br>susceptibility to opportunistic infections, and B-cell lymphomas.",""],["Vaginosis, Bacterial",3060,0.0,"D016585","C01.150.252.954",0,"Description: Polymicrobial, nonspecific vaginitis associated with<br>positive cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic<br>organisms and a decrease in lactobacilli. It remains unclear<br>whether the initial pathogenic event is caused by the growth of<br>anaerobes or a primary decrease in lactobacilli.",""],["Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform",2372,0.0,"D016643","C01.207.800.260",0,"Description: A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cattle<br>associated with abnormal prion proteins in the brain. Affected<br>animals develop excitability and salivation followed by ATAXIA.<br>This disorder has been associated with consumption of SCRAPIE<br>infected ruminant derived protein. This condition may be<br>transmitted to humans, where it is referred to as variant or new<br>variant CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME. (Vet Rec 1998 Jul<br>25;143(41):101-5)",""],["Psoas Abscess",1109,0.0,"D016659","C01.830.025.700",0,"Description: Abscess of the PSOAS MUSCLES resulting usually from<br>disease of the lumbar vertebrae, with the pus descending into the<br>muscle sheath. The infection is most commonly tuberculous or<br>staphylococcal.",""],["Erythema Infectiosum",1099,0.0,"D016731","C01.925.825.260",0,"Description: Contagious infection with human B19 Parvovirus most<br>commonly seen in school age children and characterized by fever,<br>headache, and rashes of the face, trunk, and extremities. It is<br>often confused with RUBELLA.",""],["Hepatitis E",4693,0.0,"D016751","C01.925.440.470",0,"Description: Acute INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans; caused by<br>HEPATITIS E VIRUS, a non-enveloped single-stranded RNA virus.<br>Similar to HEPATITIS A, its incubation period is 15-60 days and<br>is enterically transmitted, usually by fecal-oral transmission.",""],["Hepatitis E",4693,0.0,"D016751","C01.925.782.455",0,"Description: Acute INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans; caused by<br>HEPATITIS E VIRUS, a non-enveloped single-stranded RNA virus.<br>Similar to HEPATITIS A, its incubation period is 15-60 days and<br>is enterically transmitted, usually by fecal-oral transmission.",""],["Blastocystis Infections",834,0.0,"D016776","C01.610.432.250",0,"Description: Infections with organisms of the genus BLASTOCYSTIS.<br>The species B. hominis is responsible for most infections.<br>Parasitologic surveys have generally found small numbers of this<br>species in human stools, but higher positivity rates and organism<br>numbers in AIDS patients and other immunosuppressed patients<br>(IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST). Symptoms include ABDOMINAL PAIN;<br>DIARRHEA; CONSTIPATION; VOMITING; and FATIGUE.",""],["Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections",3686,0.0,"D020808","C01.610.105.300",2,"Description: Infections of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges by<br>single celled organisms of the former subkingdom known as<br>protozoa. The central nervous system may be the primary or<br>secondary site of protozoal infection. These diseases may occur<br>as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS or arise in immunocompetent hosts.",""],["Malaria, Cerebral",2124,0.0,"D016779","C01.920.875.620",0,"Description: A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in<br>the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM<br>(and rarely other Plasmodium species). Initial clinical<br>manifestations include HEADACHES; SEIZURES; and alterations of<br>mentation followed by a rapid progression to COMA. Pathologic<br>features include cerebral capillaries filled with parasitized<br>erythrocytes and multiple small foci of cortical and subcortical<br>necrosis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p136)",""],["Malaria, Vivax",4796,0.0,"D016780","C01.920.875.700",0,"Description: Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM VIVAX. This form of<br>malaria is less severe than MALARIA, FALCIPARUM, but there is a<br>higher probability for relapses to occur. Febrile paroxysms often<br>occur every other day.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral",1150,0.0,"D016781","C01.207.090.800",0,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan<br>TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individuals with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (see also AIDS-RELATED<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS). The infection may involve the brain<br>diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations<br>include SEIZURES, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3)",""],["Microsporidiosis",1860,0.0,"D016881","C01.150.703.617",1,"Description: Infections with FUNGI of the phylum MICROSPORIDIA.",""],["Angiomatosis, Bacillary",451,0.0,"D016917","C01.800.720.150",0,"Description: A reactive vascular proliferation that is<br>characterized by the multiple tumor-like lesions in skin, bone,<br>brain, and other organs. Bacillary angiomatosis is caused by<br>infection with gram-negative Bartonella bacilli (such as<br>BARTONELLA HENSELAE), and is often seen in AIDS patients and<br>other IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS.",""],["Central Nervous System Fungal Infections",3308,0.0,"D020314","C01.150.703.181",2,"Description: MYCOSES of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges<br>which may result in ENCEPHALITIS; MENINGITIS, FUNGAL; MYELITIS;<br>BRAIN ABSCESS; and EPIDURAL ABSCESS. Certain types of fungi may<br>produce disease in immunologically normal hosts, while others are<br>classified as opportunistic pathogens, causing illness primarily<br>in immunocompromised individuals (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME).",""],["Meningitis, Fungal",2698,0.0,"D016921","C01.207.198.500",1,"Description: Meningitis caused by fungal agents which may occur<br>as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS or arise in immunocompetent hosts.",""],["AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections",17184,0.1,"D017088","C01.610.684.050",0,"Description: Opportunistic infections found in patients who test<br>positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common<br>include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma,<br>cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis,<br>and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium,<br>and Cytomegalovirus.",""],["AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections",17184,0.1,"D017088","C01.925.597.050",0,"Description: Opportunistic infections found in patients who test<br>positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common<br>include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma,<br>cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis,<br>and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium,<br>and Cytomegalovirus.",""],["Anisakiasis",769,0.0,"D017129","C01.610.432.060",0,"Description: Infection with roundworms of the genus ANISAKIS.<br>Human infection results from the consumption of fish harboring<br>roundworm larvae. The worms may cause acute NAUSEA; VOMITING; or<br>penetrate into the wall of the DIGESTIVE TRACT where they give<br>rise to EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA in the STOMACH; INTESTINES; or the<br>OMENTUM.",""],["Hidradenitis Suppurativa",3005,0.0,"D017497","C01.800.720.420",0,"Description: A chronic suppurative and cicatricial disease of the<br>apocrine glands occurring chiefly in the axillae in women and in<br>the groin and anal regions in men. It is characterized by poral<br>occlusion with secondary bacterial infection, evolving into<br>abscesses which eventually rupture. As the disease becomes<br>chronic, ulcers appear, sinus tracts enlarge, fistulas develop,<br>and fibrosis and scarring become evident.",""],["Retropharyngeal Abscess",689,0.0,"D017703","C01.748.561.625",0,"Description: An accumulation of purulent material in the space<br>between the PHARYNX and the CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. This usually<br>results from SUPPURATION of retropharyngeal LYMPH NODES in<br>patients with UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS, perforation of<br>the pharynx, or head and neck injuries.",""],["Retropharyngeal Abscess",689,0.0,"D017703","C01.830.025.780",0,"Description: An accumulation of purulent material in the space<br>between the PHARYNX and the CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. This usually<br>results from SUPPURATION of retropharyngeal LYMPH NODES in<br>patients with UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS, perforation of<br>the pharynx, or head and neck injuries.",""],["Cytomegalovirus Retinitis",1431,0.0,"D017726","C01.375.725.270",0,"Description: Infection of the retina by cytomegalovirus<br>characterized by retinal necrosis, hemorrhage, vessel sheathing,<br>and retinal edema. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a major<br>opportunistic infection in AIDS patients and can cause blindness.",""],["Cytomegalovirus Retinitis",1431,0.0,"D017726","C01.925.325.270",0,"Description: Infection of the retina by cytomegalovirus<br>characterized by retinal necrosis, hemorrhage, vessel sheathing,<br>and retinal edema. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a major<br>opportunistic infection in AIDS patients and can cause blindness.",""],["Circoviridae Infections",1948,0.0,"D018173","C01.925.256.200",1,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the CIRCOVIRIDAE.",""],["Birnaviridae Infections",1046,0.0,"D018175","C01.925.782.123",0,"Description: Virus diseases caused by the BIRNAVIRIDAE.",""],["Fournier Gangrene",1145,0.0,"D018934","C01.150.252.377",0,"Description: An acute necrotic infection of the SCROTUM; PENIS;<br>or PERINEUM. It is characterized by scrotum pain and redness with<br>rapid progression to gangrene and sloughing of tissue. Fournier<br>gangrene is usually secondary to perirectal or periurethral<br>infections associated with local trauma, operative procedures, or<br>urinary tract disease.",""],["Astroviridae Infections",641,0.0,"D019350","C01.925.782.105",0,"Description: Infections with ASTROVIRIDAE, causing<br>gastroenteritis in human infants, calves, lambs, and piglets.",""],["Endotoxemia",4018,0.0,"D019446","C01.757.100.275",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-<br>negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a<br>pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators.",""],["Central Nervous System Helminthiasis",2806,0.0,"D020809","C01.207.205.250",2,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN; SPINAL CORD; or MENINGES<br>caused by HELMINTHS (parasitic worms).",""],["Central Nervous System Helminthiasis",2806,0.0,"D020809","C01.610.105.250",2,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN; SPINAL CORD; or MENINGES<br>caused by HELMINTHS (parasitic worms).",""],["Limbic Encephalitis",1210,0.0,"D020363","C01.207.245.700",0,"Description: A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of<br>neurons in the LIMBIC SYSTEM. Clinical features include<br>HALLUCINATIONS, loss of EPISODIC MEMORY; ANOSMIA; AGEUSIA;<br>TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY; DEMENTIA; and affective disturbance<br>(depression). Circulating anti-neuronal antibodies (e.g., anti-<br>Hu; anti-Yo; anti-Ri; and anti-Ma2) and small cell lung<br>carcinomas or testicular carcinoma are frequently associated with<br>this syndrome.",""],["Epidural Abscess",1402,0.0,"D020802","C01.207.709.350",0,"Description: Circumscribed collections of suppurative material<br>occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL SPACE. The<br>majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are<br>associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a vertebral body; ANALGESIA,<br>EPIDURAL; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include<br>local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, URINARY<br>INCONTINENCE, and FECAL INCONTINENCE. Cranial epidural abscesses<br>are usually associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a cranial bone,<br>SINUSITIS, or OTITIS MEDIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg<br>Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12)",""],["Epidural Abscess",1402,0.0,"D020802","C01.830.025.325",0,"Description: Circumscribed collections of suppurative material<br>occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL SPACE. The<br>majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are<br>associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a vertebral body; ANALGESIA,<br>EPIDURAL; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include<br>local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, URINARY<br>INCONTINENCE, and FECAL INCONTINENCE. Cranial epidural abscesses<br>are usually associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a cranial bone,<br>SINUSITIS, or OTITIS MEDIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg<br>Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12)",""],["Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections",412,0.0,"D020808","C01.610.752.100",0,"Description: Infections of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges by<br>single celled organisms of the former subkingdom known as<br>protozoa. The central nervous system may be the primary or<br>secondary site of protozoal infection. These diseases may occur<br>as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS or arise in immunocompetent hosts.",""],["Neuroschistosomiasis",194,0.0,"D020818","C01.920.922.213",0,"Description: SCHISTOSOMIASIS of the brain, spinal cord, or<br>meninges caused by infections with trematodes of the genus<br>SCHISTOSOMA (primarily SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM; SCHISTOSOMA<br>MANSONI; and SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM in humans). S. japonicum<br>infections of the nervous system may cause an acute<br>meningoencephalitis or a chronic encephalopathy. S. mansoni and<br>S. haematobium nervous system infections are associated with<br>acute transverse myelitis involving the lower portions of the<br>spinal cord. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp61-2)",""],["Lyme Neuroborreliosis",1022,0.0,"D020852","C01.207.180.437",0,"Description: Nervous system infections caused by tick-borne<br>spirochetes of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP. The disease may<br>affect elements of the central or peripheral nervous system in<br>isolation or in combination. Common clinical manifestations<br>include a lymphocytic meningitis, cranial neuropathy (most often<br>a facial neuropathy), POLYRADICULOPATHY, and a mild loss of<br>memory and other cognitive functions. Less often more extensive<br>inflammation involving the central nervous system<br>(encephalomyelitis) may occur. In the peripheral nervous system,<br>B. burgdorferi infection is associated with mononeuritis<br>multiplex and polyradiculoneuritis. (From J Neurol Sci 1998 Jan<br>8;153(2):182-91)",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C01.207.570.450",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Neuroaspergillosis",307,0.0,"D020953","C01.207.198.750",0,"Description: Infections of the nervous system caused by fungi of<br>the genus ASPERGILLUS, most commonly ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS.<br>Aspergillus infections may occur in immunocompetent hosts, but<br>are more prevalent in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROMES. The organism may spread to the nervous system from<br>focal infections in the lung, mastoid region, sinuses, inner ear,<br>bones, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and heart. Sinus infections<br>may be locally invasive and enter the intracranial compartment,<br>producing MENINGITIS, FUNGAL; cranial neuropathies; and abscesses<br>in the frontal lobes of the brain. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch 27, pp62-3)",""],["Bronchitis, Chronic",1669,0.0,"D029481","C01.748.099.567",0,"Description: A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY<br>DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus<br>accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive<br>years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of<br>chronic bronchitis.",""],["Papillomavirus Infections",27815,0.1,"D030361","C01.925.928.725",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by<br>papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high<br>risk for malignant progression.",""],["Insomnia, Fatal Familial",174,0.0,"D034062","C01.207.800.392",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by<br>degeneration of the THALAMUS and progressive insomnia. It is<br>caused by a mutation in the prion protein (PRIONS).",""],["Wasting Disease, Chronic",516,0.0,"D034081","C01.207.800.858",0,"Description: A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion<br>disease) of DEER and elk characterized by chronic weight loss<br>leading to death. It is thought to spread by direct contact<br>between animals or through environmental contamination with the<br>prion protein (PRIONS).",""],["Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic",44,0.0,"D048089","C01.748.085.630",0,"Description: Chronic endemic respiratory disease of dairy calves<br>and an important component of bovine respiratory disease complex.<br>It primarily affects calves up to six months of age and the<br>etiology is multifactorial. Stress plus a primary viral infection<br>is followed by a secondary bacterial infection. The latter is<br>most commonly associated with PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA producing a<br>purulent BRONCHOPNEUMONIA. Sometimes present are MANNHEIMIA<br>HAEMOLYTICA; HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS and mycoplasma species.",""],["Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated",3847,0.0,"D053717","C01.248.250.500",0,"Description: Serious INFLAMMATION of the LUNG in patients who<br>required the use of PULMONARY VENTILATOR. It is usually caused by<br>bacterial CROSS INFECTION in hospitals.",""],["Digital Dermatitis",221,0.0,"D058066","C01.800.720.180",0,"Description: Highly contagious infectious dermatitis with lesions<br>near the interdigital spaces usually in cattle. It causes<br>discomfort and often severe lameness (LAMENESS, ANIMAL). Lesions<br>can be either erosive or proliferative and wart-like with<br>papillary growths and hypertrophied hairs. DICHELOBACTER NODOSUS<br>and TREPONEMA are the most commonly associated causative agents<br>for this mixed bacterial infection disease.",""],["Candidemia",1646,0.0,"D058387","C01.757.360.150",0,"Description: A form of invasive candidiasis where species of<br>CANDIDA are present in the blood.",""],["Cerebral Ventriculitis",284,0.0,"D058565","C01.207.245.169",0,"Description: Inflammation of CEREBRAL VENTRICLES.",""],["Pythiosis",169,0.0,"D058968","C01.610.701.844",0,"Description: A granulomatous disease caused by the aquatic<br>organism PYTHIUM insidiosum and occurring primarily in horses,<br>cattle, dogs, cats, fishes, and rarely in humans. It is<br>classified into three forms: ocular, cutaneous, and arterial.",""],["Otomycosis",126,0.0,"D059249","C01.150.703.658",0,"Description: Fungus infection of the external ear, usually by<br>ASPERGILLUS species",""],["Petrositis",104,0.0,"D059270","C01.160.495.750",0,"Description: Inflammation of PETROUS BONE.",""],["Pott Puffy Tumor",132,0.0,"D059369","C01.160.495.875",0,"Description: Infection of the FRONTAL BONE often as a<br>complication of FRONTAL SINUSITIS or trauma to the frontal bone<br>and skull. It is characterized by subperiosteal abscess with<br>OSTEOMYELITIS.",""],["Lobomycosis",65,0.0,"D060368","C01.800.200.475",0,"Description: A chronic, fungal, subcutaneous infection endemic in<br>rural regions in South America and Central America. The causal<br>organism is Lacazia labol.",""],["Hyalohyphomycosis",677,0.0,"D060605","C01.800.200.383",3,"Description: OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS caused by a heterogeneous<br>group of MITOSPORIC FUNGI with clear (hyalo-) HYPHAE in the host.<br>Common causative agents include ACREMONIUM; ASPERGILLUS;<br>CHRYSOSPORIUM; FUSARIUM; PAECILOMYCES; PENICILLIUM;<br>PSEUDALLESCHERIA; SCEDOSPORIUM; and SCOPULARIOPSIS. Normally a<br>dermatomycoses, it can become invasive in the IMMUNOCOMPROMISED<br>HOST.",""],["Phaeohyphomycosis",375,0.0,"D060446","C01.150.703.726",0,"Description: OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS caused by the dematiaceous<br>(darkly pigmented) MITOSPORIC FUNGI of ALTERNARIA, Bipolaris,<br>CLADOSPORIUM, Curvularia, and EXOPHIALA. These fungi have<br>pigmented HYPHAE due to MELANIN in the cell wall. The initial<br>subcutaneous cyst from the infection can become systemic and<br>spread rapidly to renal, pulmonary and cerebral systems (see<br>CEREBRAL PHAEOHYPHOMYCOSIS) in an IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST.",""],["Trichosporonosis",204,0.0,"D060586","C01.150.703.875",0,"Description: Fungal infections caused by TRICHOSPORON that may<br>become systemic especially in an IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST. Clinical<br>manifestations range from superficial cutaneous infections to<br>systemic lesions in multiple organs.",""],["Chikungunya Fever",2233,0.0,"D065632","C01.925.081.198",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by a mosquito-borne<br>alphavirus CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS characterized by RASH; FEVER; JOINT<br>PAINS; CONJUNCTIVITIS; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; LYMPHOPENIA; and<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA.",""],["Abortion, Septic",897,0.0,"D000031","C01.674.173",0,"Description: Any type of abortion, induced or spontaneous, that<br>is associated with infection of the UTERUS and its appendages. It<br>is characterized by FEVER, uterine tenderness, and foul<br>discharge.",""],["Abscess",50626,0.2,"D000038","C01.830.025",14,"Description: Accumulation of purulent material in tissues,<br>organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of<br>infection.",""],["Pharyngitis",13740,0.0,"D010612","C01.748.561",4,"Description: Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).",""],["Infectious Encephalitis",26182,0.1,"D000069544","C01.207.399",15,"Description: Brain inflammation caused by an infectious agent.",""],["Pneumonia",243590,0.7,"D011014","C01.748.610",18,"Description: Infection of the lung often accompanied by<br>inflammation.",""],["Neonatal Sepsis",1264,0.0,"D000071074","C01.757.580",0,"Description: Blood infection that occurs in an infant younger<br>than 90 days old. Early-onset sepsis is seen in the first week of<br>life and most often appears within 24 hours of birth. Late-onset<br>occurs after 1 week and before 3 months of age.",""],["Arbovirus Infections",53848,0.2,"D001102","C01.920.500",26,"Description: Infections caused by arthropod-borne viruses,<br>general or unspecified.",""],["Arbovirus Infections",51134,0.2,"D001102","C01.925.081",25,"Description: Infections caused by arthropod-borne viruses,<br>general or unspecified.",""],["RNA Virus Infections",923554,2.8,"D012327","C01.925.782",162,"Description: Diseases caused by RNA VIRUSES.",""],["Blood-Borne Infections",448583,1.4,"D000086982","C01.221.250",16,"Description: Diseases due to or propagated by body fluids from<br>hosts whose BLOOD has been contaminated with pathogens.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases",386737,1.2,"D012749","C01.221.812",22,"Description: Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral",314190,1.0,"D015229","C01.778.640",14,"Description: Viral diseases which are transmitted or propagated<br>by sexual conduct.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral",314190,1.0,"D015229","C01.925.813",14,"Description: Viral diseases which are transmitted or propagated<br>by sexual conduct.",""],["Mycoses",169757,0.5,"D009181","C01.150.703",65,"Description: Diseases caused by FUNGI.",""],["Bacterial Infections",1178820,3.6,"D001424","C01.150.252",290,"Description: Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.",""],["Tick-Borne Diseases",38673,0.1,"D017282","C01.920.930",22,"Description: Bacterial, viral, or parasitic diseases transmitted<br>to humans and animals by the bite of infected ticks. The families<br>Ixodidae and Argasidae contain many bloodsucking species that are<br>important pests of man and domestic birds and mammals and<br>probably exceed all other arthropods in the number and variety of<br>disease agents they transmit. Many of the tick-borne diseases are<br>zoonotic.",""],["DNA Virus Infections",253916,0.8,"D004266","C01.925.256",63,"Description: Diseases caused by DNA VIRUSES.",""],["Communicable Diseases, Imported",534,0.0,"D000076263","C01.221.625",0,"Description: Infectious diseases originating in one<br>geographically delineated ecosystem that are carried (by travel<br>or immigration) to another geographically delineated ecosystem by<br>an infected individual, animal, or disease vector.",""],["Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia",4120,0.0,"D000077299","C01.248.250",1,"Description: Infection of the lung often accompanied by<br>inflammation that is acquired through an interaction within a<br>healthcare institution often through a therapeutic experience<br>(e.g., use of catheters or ventilators).",""],["Dermatomycoses",31178,0.1,"D003881","C01.800.200",18,"Description: Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages<br>by any of various fungi.",""],["Pneumonia, Viral",162682,0.5,"D011024","C01.925.705",1,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused<br>by a viral infection.",""],["Viral Zoonoses",126,0.0,"D000086965","C01.925.933",0,"Description: Viral infections that may be transmitted between<br>non-human animals and HUMANS.",""],["Viral Zoonoses",126,0.0,"D000086965","C01.973.500",0,"Description: Viral infections that may be transmitted between<br>non-human animals and HUMANS.",""],["Bacterial Zoonoses",62,0.0,"D000086966","C01.973.250",0,"Description: Bacterial infections that may be transmitted between<br>non-human animals and HUMANS.",""],["Slow Virus Diseases",80251,0.2,"D012897","C01.925.839",10,"Description: Diseases of viral origin, characterized by<br>incubation periods of months to years, insidious onset of<br>clinical manifestations, and protracted clinical course. Though<br>the disease process is protracted, viral multiplication may not<br>be unusually slow. Conventional viruses produce slow virus<br>diseases such as SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS, progressive<br>multifocal leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE<br>MULTIFOCAL), and AIDS. Diseases produced by unconventional agents<br>were originally considered part of this group. They are now<br>called PRION DISEASES.",""],["Skin Diseases, Bacterial",25362,0.1,"D017192","C01.800.720",22,"Description: Skin diseases caused by bacteria.",""],["Pelvic Inflammatory Disease",4034,0.0,"D000292","C01.635.500",0,"Description: A spectrum of inflammation involving the female<br>upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It is usually<br>caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the<br>endocervix. Infection may be confined to the uterus<br>(ENDOMETRITIS), the FALLOPIAN TUBES; (SALPINGITIS); the ovaries<br>(OOPHORITIS), the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS), or may<br>involve several of the above uterine appendages. Such<br>inflammation can lead to functional impairment and infertility.",""],["Protozoan Infections",215170,0.7,"D011528","C01.610.752",50,"Description: Infections with unicellular organisms formerly<br>members of the subkingdom Protozoa.",""],["Helminthiasis",149847,0.5,"D006373","C01.610.335",76,"Description: Infestation with parasitic worms of the helminth<br>class.",""],["Appendicitis",18525,0.1,"D001064","C01.463.099",0,"Description: Acute inflammation of the APPENDIX. Acute<br>appendicitis is classified as simple, gangrenous, or perforated.",""],["Lung Diseases, Fungal",19517,0.1,"D008172","C01.748.435",3,"Description: Pulmonary diseases caused by fungal infections,<br>usually through hematogenous spread.",""],["Tumor Virus Infections",71355,0.2,"D014412","C01.925.928",13,"Description: Infections produced by oncogenic viruses. The<br>infections caused by DNA viruses are less numerous but more<br>diverse than those caused by the RNA oncogenic viruses.",""],["Parasitic Diseases, Animal",32578,0.1,"D010273","C01.610.701",16,"Description: Animal diseases caused by PARASITES.",""],["Bacteriuria",4889,0.0,"D001437","C01.915.219",0,"Description: The presence of bacteria in the urine which is<br>normally bacteria-free. These bacteria are from the URINARY TRACT<br>and are not contaminants of the surrounding tissues. Bacteriuria<br>can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Significant bacteriuria is an<br>indicator of urinary tract infection.",""],["Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic",26344,0.1,"D007411","C01.610.432",7,"Description: Infections of the INTESTINES with PARASITES,<br>commonly involving PARASITIC WORMS. Infections with roundworms<br>(NEMATODE INFECTIONS) and tapeworms (CESTODE INFECTIONS) are also<br>known as HELMINTHIASIS.",""],["Malaria",70784,0.2,"D008288","C01.920.875",5,"Description: A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species<br>of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX;<br>PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the<br>bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES.<br>Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South<br>America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is<br>characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of<br>high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in<br>ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.",""],["Brain Abscess",8440,0.0,"D001922","C01.207.090",1,"Description: A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in<br>the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. The majority<br>are caused by spread of infected material from a focus of<br>suppuration elsewhere in the body, notably the PARANASAL SINUSES,<br>middle ear (see EAR, MIDDLE); HEART (see also ENDOCARDITIS,<br>BACTERIAL), and LUNG. Penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES may also be associated with this<br>condition. Clinical manifestations include HEADACHE; SEIZURES;<br>focal neurologic deficits; and alterations of consciousness.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp712-6)",""],["Bronchitis",20766,0.1,"D001991","C01.748.099",3,"Description: Inflammation of the large airways in the lung<br>including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to<br>the TERTIARY BRONCHI.",""],["Bronchiolitis, Viral",1371,0.0,"D001990","C01.925.109",0,"Description: An acute inflammatory disease of the lower<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily<br>in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly<br>implicated are PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL<br>VIRUS, HUMAN; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS.",""],["Cellulitis",6049,0.0,"D002481","C01.800.130",1,"Description: An acute, diffuse, and suppurative inflammation of<br>loose connective tissue, particularly the deep subcutaneous<br>tissues, and sometimes muscle, which is most commonly seen as a<br>result of infection of a wound, ulcer, or other skin lesions.",""],["Cellulitis",5666,0.0,"D002481","C01.830.200",0,"Description: An acute, diffuse, and suppurative inflammation of<br>loose connective tissue, particularly the deep subcutaneous<br>tissues, and sometimes muscle, which is most commonly seen as a<br>result of infection of a wound, ulcer, or other skin lesions.",""],["Chagas Disease",13840,0.0,"D014355","C01.920.625",1,"Description: Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA<br>CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South<br>America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas,<br>who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive<br>serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical<br>manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of<br>PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction<br>of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial",51098,0.2,"D015231","C01.778.281",6,"Description: Bacterial diseases transmitted or propagated by<br>sexual conduct.",""],["Common Cold",3487,0.0,"D003139","C01.748.162",0,"Description: A catarrhal disorder of the upper respiratory tract,<br>which may be viral or a mixed infection. It generally involves a<br>runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing.",""],["Skin Diseases, Viral",26425,0.1,"D017193","C01.925.825",10,"Description: Skin diseases caused by viruses.",""],["Eye Infections, Viral",9135,0.0,"D015828","C01.375.725",6,"Description: Infections of the eye caused by minute intracellular<br>agents. These infections may lead to severe inflammation in<br>various parts of the eye - conjunctiva, iris, eyelids, etc.<br>Several viruses have been identified as the causative agents.<br>Among these are Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Poxvirus, and Myxovirus.",""],["Eye Infections, Viral",9135,0.0,"D015828","C01.925.325",6,"Description: Infections of the eye caused by minute intracellular<br>agents. These infections may lead to severe inflammation in<br>various parts of the eye - conjunctiva, iris, eyelids, etc.<br>Several viruses have been identified as the causative agents.<br>Among these are Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Poxvirus, and Myxovirus.",""],["Eye Infections, Bacterial",14074,0.0,"D015818","C01.375.354",9,"Description: Infections in the inner or external eye caused by<br>microorganisms belonging to several families of bacteria. Some of<br>the more common genera found are Haemophilus, Neisseria,<br>Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Chlamydia.",""],["Corneal Ulcer",4360,0.0,"D003320","C01.375.177",0,"Description: Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the<br>cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue;<br>usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.",""],["Hepatitis, Viral, Human",162210,0.5,"D006525","C01.925.440",8,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection<br>by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral<br>hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission<br>(HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B;<br>HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D).",""],["Liver Diseases, Parasitic",14551,0.0,"D008109","C01.610.518",3,"Description: Liver diseases caused by infections with PARASITES,<br>such as tapeworms (CESTODA) and flukes (TREMATODA).",""],["Lung Diseases, Parasitic",4348,0.0,"D008174","C01.610.582",1,"Description: Infections of the lungs with parasites, most<br>commonly by parasitic worms (HELMINTHS).",""],["Lung Diseases, Parasitic",4348,0.0,"D008174","C01.748.450",1,"Description: Infections of the lungs with parasites, most<br>commonly by parasitic worms (HELMINTHS).",""],["Skin Diseases, Parasitic",43273,0.1,"D012876","C01.610.858",17,"Description: Skin diseases caused by ARTHROPODS; HELMINTHS; or<br>other parasites.",""],["Elephantiasis, Filarial",2875,0.0,"D004605","C01.920.750",0,"Description: Parasitic infestation of the human lymphatic system<br>by WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI or BRUGIA MALAYI. It is also called<br>lymphatic filariasis.",""],["Empyema",8166,0.0,"D004653","C01.830.305",3,"Description: Presence of pus in a hollow organ or body cavity.",""],["Empyema, Pleural",3947,0.0,"D016724","C01.748.265",1,"Description: Suppurative inflammation of the pleural space.",""],["Tuberculosis, Pleural",2725,0.0,"D014396","C01.748.912",1,"Description: Tuberculosis of the serous membrane lining the<br>thoracic cavity and surrounding the lungs.",""],["Central Nervous System Viral Diseases",40352,0.1,"D020805","C01.207.245",22,"Description: Viral infections of the brain, spinal cord,<br>meninges, or perimeningeal spaces.",""],["Central Nervous System Viral Diseases",32249,0.1,"D020805","C01.925.182",17,"Description: Viral infections of the brain, spinal cord,<br>meninges, or perimeningeal spaces.",""],["Encephalomyelitis",5728,0.0,"D004679","C01.207.291",4,"Description: A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN<br>and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infectious process,<br>but also applicable to a variety of autoimmune and toxic-<br>metabolic conditions. There is significant overlap regarding the<br>usage of this term and ENCEPHALITIS in the literature.",""],["Endocarditis, Bacterial",20565,0.1,"D004697","C01.190.249",1,"Description: Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA<br>that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with<br>predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART<br>VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or<br>intravenous drug use.",""],["Supraglottitis",1023,0.0,"D059525","C01.748.798",1,"Description: Inflammation of the EPIGLOTTIS and supraglottic<br>structures including the PHARYNX; UVULA; base of tongue; and<br>aryepiglottic folds. It is usually caused by HAEMOPHILUS<br>INFLUENZAE in children but often by different organisms in<br>adults.",""],["Focal Infection, Dental",1737,0.0,"D005491","C01.392.433",0,"Description: Secondary or systemic infections due to<br>dissemination throughout the body of microorganisms whose primary<br>focus of infection lies in the periodontal tissues.",""],["Gingival Pocket",210,0.0,"D005888","C01.408.360",0,"Description: An abnormal extension of a gingival sulcus not<br>accompanied by the apical migration of the epithelial attachment.",""],["Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative",782,0.0,"D005892","C01.408.446",0,"Description: An acute or chronic GINGIVITIS characterized by<br>redness and swelling, NECROSIS extending from the interdental<br>papillae along the gingival margins, PAIN; HEMORRHAGE, necrotic<br>odor, and often a pseudomembrane. The condition may extend to the<br>ORAL MUCOSA; TONGUE; PALATE; or PHARYNX. The etiology is somewhat<br>unclear, but may involve a complex of FUSOBACTERIUM NUCLEATUM<br>along with spirochetes BORRELIA or TREPONEMA.",""],["Bacteremia",27170,0.1,"D016470","C01.757.100",2,"Description: The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the<br>blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute<br>manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in<br>already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying<br>diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams<br>susceptible to invasion.",""],["Hepatitis, Viral, Animal",2699,0.0,"D006524","C01.436.430",2,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in animals due to viral<br>infection.",""],["Hepatitis, Viral, Animal",2699,0.0,"D006524","C01.925.407",2,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in animals due to viral<br>infection.",""],["Influenza, Human",54284,0.2,"D007251","C01.748.310",0,"Description: An acute viral infection in humans involving the<br>respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL<br>MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe,<br>often generalized, myalgia.",""],["Prion Diseases",17484,0.1,"D017096","C01.207.800",7,"Description: A group of genetic, infectious, or sporadic<br>degenerative human and animal nervous system disorders associated<br>with abnormal PRIONS. These diseases are characterized by<br>conversion of the normal prion protein to an abnormal<br>configuration via a post-translational process. In humans, these<br>conditions generally feature DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and a fatal<br>outcome. Pathologic features include a spongiform encephalopathy<br>without evidence of inflammation. The older literature<br>occasionally refers to these as unconventional SLOW VIRUS<br>DISEASES. (From Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998 Nov<br>10;95(23):13363-83)",""],["Laryngitis",2555,0.0,"D007827","C01.748.368",0,"Description: Inflammation of the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA, including the<br>VOCAL CORDS. Laryngitis is characterized by irritation, edema,<br>and reduced pliability of the mucosa leading to VOICE DISORDERS<br>such as APHONIA and HOARSENESS.",""],["Legionellosis",5645,0.0,"D007876","C01.748.382",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus LEGIONELLA.",""],["Leishmaniasis",26676,0.1,"D007896","C01.920.813",4,"Description: A disease caused by any of a number of species of<br>protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical<br>types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World)<br>(LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS,<br>DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS),<br>and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).",""],["Lung Abscess",3901,0.0,"D008169","C01.748.407",0,"Description: Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the<br>lung parenchyma as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa,<br>or other agents.",""],["Osteomyelitis",20799,0.1,"D010019","C01.160.495",3,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the bone as a result of infection.<br>It may be caused by a variety of infectious agents, especially<br>pyogenic (PUS - producing) BACTERIA.",""],["Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections",37849,0.1,"D020806","C01.207.180",14,"Description: Bacterial infections of the brain, spinal cord, and<br>meninges, including infections involving the perimeningeal<br>spaces.",""],["Meningoencephalitis",6437,0.0,"D008590","C01.207.570",1,"Description: An inflammatory process involving the brain<br>(ENCEPHALITIS) and meninges (MENINGITIS), most often produced by<br>pathogenic organisms which invade the central nervous system, and<br>occasionally by toxins, autoimmune disorders, and other<br>conditions.",""],["Myelitis",26388,0.1,"D009187","C01.207.618",5,"Description: Inflammation of the spinal cord. Relatively common<br>etiologies include infections; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES; SPINAL CORD;<br>and ischemia (see also SPINAL CORD VASCULAR DISEASES). Clinical<br>features generally include weakness, sensory loss, localized<br>pain, incontinence, and other signs of autonomic dysfunction.",""],["Endophthalmitis",6866,0.0,"D009877","C01.375.265",1,"Description: Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the<br>internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an<br>infection.",""],["Opportunistic Infections",26790,0.1,"D009894","C01.610.684",2,"Description: An infection caused by an organism which becomes<br>pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during<br>immunosuppression.",""],["Opportunistic Infections",26790,0.1,"D009894","C01.925.597",2,"Description: An infection caused by an organism which becomes<br>pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during<br>immunosuppression.",""],["Otitis Media, Suppurative",2104,0.0,"D010035","C01.830.694",0,"Description: Inflammation of the middle ear with purulent<br>discharge.",""],["Eye Infections, Fungal",3406,0.0,"D015821","C01.375.450",2,"Description: Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through<br>four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing<br>conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of<br>infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses,<br>nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental<br>penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in<br>patients with underlying mycoses.",""],["Paronychia",827,0.0,"D010304","C01.800.460",0,"Description: An inflammatory reaction involving the folds of the<br>skin surrounding the fingernail. It is characterized by acute or<br>chronic purulent, tender, and painful swellings of the tissues<br>around the nail, caused by an abscess of the nail fold. The<br>pathogenic yeast causing paronychia is most frequently Candida<br>albicans. Saprophytic fungi may also be involved. The causative<br>bacteria are usually Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or<br>Streptococcus. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p271)",""],["Tuberculosis, Cardiovascular",1345,0.0,"D014381","C01.190.750",1,"Description: Pathological conditions of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM<br>caused by infection of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS. Tuberculosis<br>involvement may include the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the<br>PERICARDIUM.",""],["Periostitis",799,0.0,"D010522","C01.160.595",0,"Description: Inflammation of the periosteum. The condition is<br>generally chronic, and is marked by tenderness and swelling of<br>the bone and an aching pain. Acute periostitis is due to<br>infection, is characterized by diffuse suppuration, severe pain,<br>and constitutional symptoms, and usually results in necrosis.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Peritonitis",22180,0.1,"D010538","C01.463.600",2,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL<br>CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical<br>processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the<br>PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and<br>without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from<br>the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-<br>abdominal organs.",""],["Plague",5015,0.0,"D010930","C01.920.906",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease caused by YERSINIA<br>PESTIS that affects humans, wild rodents, and their<br>ectoparasites. This condition persists due to its firm<br>entrenchment in sylvatic rodent-flea ecosystems throughout the<br>world. Bubonic plague is the most common form.",""],["Pleurisy",4352,0.0,"D010998","C01.748.582",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When<br>PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN.",""],["Rickettsiaceae Infections",9371,0.0,"D012288","C01.920.914",5,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the family<br>RICKETTSIACEAE.",""],["Puerperal Infection",2488,0.0,"D011645","C01.674.715",0,"Description: An infection occurring in PUERPERIUM, the period of<br>6-8 weeks after giving birth.",""],["Pyuria",585,0.0,"D011776","C01.915.719",0,"Description: The presence of white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) in<br>the urine. It is often associated with bacterial infections of<br>the urinary tract. Pyuria without BACTERIURIA can be caused by<br>TUBERCULOSIS, stones, or cancer.",""],["Rhinitis",12432,0.0,"D012220","C01.748.674",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous<br>membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.",""],["Rhinoscleroma",812,0.0,"D012226","C01.748.702",0,"Description: A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA<br>RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not<br>limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of<br>the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and<br>the skin.",""],["Mesomycetozoea Infections",608,0.0,"D050738","C01.610.600",1,"Description: Infections by MESOMYCETOZOEA, general or<br>unspecified.",""],["Schistosomiasis",24883,0.1,"D012552","C01.920.922",4,"Description: Infection with flukes (trematodes) of the genus<br>SCHISTOSOMA. Three species produce the most frequent clinical<br>diseases: SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM (endemic in Africa and the<br>Middle East), SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (in Egypt, northern and<br>southern Africa, some West Indies islands, northern 2/3 of South<br>America), and SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM (in Japan, China, the<br>Philippines, Celebes, Thailand, Laos). S. mansoni is often seen<br>in Puerto Ricans living in the United States.",""],["Schistosomiasis haematobia",2506,0.0,"D012553","C01.915.775",0,"Description: A human disease caused by the infection of parasitic<br>worms SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM. It is endemic in AFRICA and parts<br>of the MIDDLE EAST. Tissue damages most often occur in the<br>URINARY TRACT, specifically the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex",772,0.0,"D048090","C01.748.085",2,"Description: A multifactorial disease of CATTLE resulting from<br>complex interactions between environmental factors, host factors,<br>and pathogens. The environmental factors act as stressors<br>adversely affecting the IMMUNE SYSTEM and other host defenses and<br>enhancing transmission of infecting agents.",""],["Shock, Septic",19566,0.1,"D012772","C01.757.800",0,"Description: Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion<br>despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may<br>include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or<br>acute alteration in mental status.",""],["Tuberculosis, Pulmonary",72037,0.2,"D014397","C01.748.939",1,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.",""],["Sinusitis",21135,0.1,"D012852","C01.748.749",4,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of<br>the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Spondylitis",6287,0.0,"D013166","C01.160.762",1,"Description: Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both<br>arthritic and non-arthritic conditions.",""],["Perimeningeal Infections",3007,0.0,"D020819","C01.207.709",3,"Description: Infectious processes, including abscesses,<br>effusions, and empyemas which occur in the epidural or subdural<br>spaces surrounding the brain and spinal cord.",""],["Surgical Wound Infection",26329,0.1,"D013530","C01.947.692",0,"Description: Infection occurring at the site of a surgical<br>incision.",""],["Syphilis, Cardiovascular",906,0.0,"D013589","C01.190.500",0,"Description: Cardiovascular manifestations of SYPHILIS, an<br>infection of TREPONEMA PALLIDUM. In the late stage of syphilis,<br>sometimes 20-30 years after the initial infection, damages are<br>often seen in the blood vessels including the AORTA and the<br>AORTIC VALVE. Clinical signs include syphilitic aortitis, aortic<br>insufficiency, or aortic ANEURYSM.",""],["Syphilis, Latent",373,0.0,"D013592","C01.550.750",0,"Description: The stage of syphilis that occurs following the<br>primary (CHANCRE) and secondary stages. The patient is<br>asymptomatic at the latent stage but remains seropositive for the<br>SPIROCHETE.",""],["Thyroiditis, Suppurative",317,0.0,"D013969","C01.830.840",0,"Description: Acute inflammatory disease of the THYROID GLAND due<br>to infections by BACTERIA; FUNGI; or other microorganisms.<br>Symptoms include tender swelling, FEVER, and often with<br>LEUKOCYTOSIS.",""],["Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections",9002,0.0,"D020807","C01.207.205",7,"Description: Infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges<br>caused by parasites.",""],["Eye Infections, Parasitic",5051,0.0,"D015822","C01.610.300",3,"Description: Mild to severe infections of the eye and its<br>adjacent structures (adnexa) by adult or larval protozoan or<br>metazoan parasites.",""],["Tracheitis",1100,0.0,"D014136","C01.748.848",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the TRACHEA that is usually<br>associated with RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS.",""],["Trypanosomiasis, African",5166,0.0,"D014353","C01.920.937",0,"Description: A disease endemic among people and animals in<br>Central Africa. It is caused by various species of trypanosomes,<br>particularly T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense. Its second host is<br>the TSETSE FLY. Involvement of the central nervous system<br>produces \"African sleeping sickness.\" Nagana is a rapidly fatal<br>trypanosomiasis of horses and other animals.",""],["Tuberculosis, Laryngeal",694,0.0,"D014387","C01.748.860",0,"Description: Tuberculosis involving the larynx, producing<br>ulceration of the VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA.",""],["Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular",9853,0.0,"D014394","C01.160.886",1,"Description: Tuberculosis of the bones or joints.",""],["Viremia",3660,0.0,"D014766","C01.925.937",0,"Description: The presence of viruses in the blood.",""],["Whooping Cough",8604,0.0,"D014917","C01.748.969",0,"Description: A respiratory infection caused by BORDETELLA<br>PERTUSSIS and characterized by paroxysmal coughing ending in a<br>prolonged crowing intake of breath.",""],["Superinfection",1283,0.0,"D015163","C01.597.880",0,"Description: A frequent complication of drug therapy for<br>microbial infection. It may result from opportunistic<br>colonization following immunosuppression by the primary pathogen<br>and can be influenced by the time interval between infections,<br>microbial physiology, or host resistance. Experimental challenge<br>and in vitro models are sometimes used in virulence and<br>infectivity studies.",""],["Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic",3412,0.0,"D015597","C01.610.718",0,"Description: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and parasitic<br>diseases. The parasitic infection may precede or follow<br>FERTILIZATION.",""],["Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic",6457,0.0,"D015673","C01.925.330",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent<br>fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, and<br>subjective cognitive impairment of 6 months duration or longer.<br>Symptoms are not caused by ongoing exertion; are not relieved by<br>rest; and result in a substantial reduction of previous levels of<br>occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Minor<br>alterations of immune, neuroendocrine, and autonomic function may<br>be associated with this syndrome. There is also considerable<br>overlap between this condition and FIBROMYALGIA. (From Semin<br>Neurol 1998;18(2):237-42; Ann Intern Med 1994 Dec 15;121(12):<br>953-9)",""],["Onchocerciasis, Ocular",398,0.0,"D015827","C01.920.891",0,"Description: Filarial infection of the eyes transmitted from<br>person to person by bites of Onchocerca volvulus-infected black<br>flies. The microfilariae of Onchocerca are thus deposited beneath<br>the skin. They migrate through various tissues including the eye.<br>Those persons infected have impaired vision and up to 20% are<br>blind. The incidence of eye lesions has been reported to be as<br>high as 30% in Central America and parts of Africa.",""],["Uveitis, Suppurative",21,0.0,"D015829","C01.830.900",0,"Description: Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing<br>bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an<br>injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic<br>emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or<br>meningococcemia.",""],["Fungemia",4397,0.0,"D016469","C01.757.360",1,"Description: The presence of fungi circulating in the blood.<br>Opportunistic fungal sepsis is seen most often in<br>immunosuppressed patients with severe neutropenia or in<br>postoperative patients with intravenous catheters and usually<br>follows prolonged antibiotic therapy.",""],["Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections",6672,0.0,"D020807","C01.610.105",6,"Description: Infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges<br>caused by parasites.",""],["Arthritis, Reactive",3292,0.0,"D016918","C01.100.500",0,"Description: An aseptic, inflammatory arthritis developing<br>secondary to a primary extra-articular infection, most typically<br>of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or UROGENITAL SYSTEM. The<br>initiating trigger pathogens are usually SHIGELLA; SALMONELLA;<br>YERSINIA; CAMPYLOBACTER; or CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. Reactive<br>arthritis is strongly associated with HLA-B27 ANTIGEN.",""],["Central Nervous System Fungal Infections",3615,0.0,"D020314","C01.207.198",3,"Description: MYCOSES of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges<br>which may result in ENCEPHALITIS; MENINGITIS, FUNGAL; MYELITIS;<br>BRAIN ABSCESS; and EPIDURAL ABSCESS. Certain types of fungi may<br>produce disease in immunologically normal hosts, while others are<br>classified as opportunistic pathogens, causing illness primarily<br>in immunocompromised individuals (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME).",""],["AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections",17184,0.1,"D017088","C01.597.050",0,"Description: Opportunistic infections found in patients who test<br>positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common<br>include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma,<br>cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis,<br>and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium,<br>and Cytomegalovirus.",""],["Hidradenitis Suppurativa",3005,0.0,"D017497","C01.830.499",0,"Description: A chronic suppurative and cicatricial disease of the<br>apocrine glands occurring chiefly in the axillae in women and in<br>the groin and anal regions in men. It is characterized by poral<br>occlusion with secondary bacterial infection, evolving into<br>abscesses which eventually rupture. As the disease becomes<br>chronic, ulcers appear, sinus tracts enlarge, fistulas develop,<br>and fibrosis and scarring become evident.",""],["Parasitemia",2001,0.0,"D018512","C01.610.695",0,"Description: The presence of parasites (especially malarial<br>parasites) in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Endotoxemia",4018,0.0,"D019446","C01.861.375",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-<br>negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a<br>pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators.",""],["Epidural Abscess",1402,0.0,"D020802","C01.207.300",0,"Description: Circumscribed collections of suppurative material<br>occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL SPACE. The<br>majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are<br>associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a vertebral body; ANALGESIA,<br>EPIDURAL; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include<br>local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, URINARY<br>INCONTINENCE, and FECAL INCONTINENCE. Cranial epidural abscesses<br>are usually associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a cranial bone,<br>SINUSITIS, or OTITIS MEDIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg<br>Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12)",""],["Communicable Diseases, Emerging",5713,0.0,"D021821","C01.221.500",0,"Description: Infectious diseases that are novel in their outbreak<br>ranges (geographic and host) or transmission mode.",""],["Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome",5563,0.0,"D045169","C01.748.730",0,"Description: A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry<br>COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties,<br>and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the<br>suspected agent.",""],["Pyomyositis",497,0.0,"D052880","C01.830.767",0,"Description: An intramuscular suppuration of the large skeletal<br>muscle groups. It is associated with INFECTION such as<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS and PYODERMA. It was known as a tropical<br>disease but is increasing among the immunocompromised<br>(IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST). Symptoms include muscle pain, FEVER,<br>and leucocytosis. It has been diagnosed by MRI SCANS.",""],["Typhlitis",142,0.0,"D053706","C01.463.850",0,"Description: Necrotizing inflammation of the CECUM (\"typhlon\" in<br>Greek), sometimes spreading to the APPENDIX and/or the ILEUM.<br>Symptoms include ABDOMINAL PAIN and DIARRHEA. Its pathogenesis is<br>multifactorial. Typhlitis is often associated with NEUTROPENIA<br>and chemotherapy in immunocompromised individuals<br>(IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST).",""],["Reticuloendotheliosis, Avian",61,0.0,"D055761","C01.925.744",0,"Description: A group of pathologic syndromes found in avian<br>species caused by RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS VIRUS. The distinct<br>syndromes include non-neoplastic runting, acute neoplastic<br>disease, and chronic neoplastic disease. Humans and mammals<br>appear resistant.",""],["Latent Tuberculosis",3646,0.0,"D055985","C01.550.500",0,"Description: The dormant form of TUBERCULOSIS where the person<br>shows no obvious symptoms and no sign of the causative agent<br>(Mycobacterium tuberculosis) in the SPUTUM despite being positive<br>for tuberculosis infection skin test.",""],["Pregnancy Complications, Infectious",36808,0.1,"D011251","C01.674",2,"Description: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The<br>infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.",""],["Suppuration",72244,0.2,"D013492","C01.830",25,"Description: A pathologic process consisting in the formation of<br>pus.",""],["Respiratory Tract Infections",540519,1.7,"D012141","C01.748",64,"Description: Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by<br>microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or<br>diseases.",""],["Central Nervous System Infections",187328,0.6,"D002494","C01.207",94,"Description: Pathogenic infections of the brain, spinal cord, and<br>meninges. DNA VIRUS INFECTIONS; RNA VIRUS INFECTIONS; BACTERIAL<br>INFECTIONS; MYCOPLASMA INFECTIONS; SPIROCHAETALES INFECTIONS;<br>fungal infections; PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS; HELMINTHIASIS; and PRION<br>DISEASES may involve the central nervous system as a primary or<br>secondary process.",""],["Waterborne Diseases",197,0.0,"D000069578","C01.936",0,"Description: Illnesses due to micro-organisms and chemicals in<br>drinking water, those caused by organisms having part of their<br>lifecycle in water or those with water-related vectors, and<br>others spread by aerosols containing pathogens.",""],["Sepsis",107230,0.3,"D018805","C01.757",7,"Description: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a<br>proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is<br>associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of<br>infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied<br>by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called<br>SEPTIC SHOCK.",""],["Vector Borne Diseases",251795,0.8,"D000079426","C01.920",78,"Description: Infectious diseases transmitted by DISEASE VECTORS.",""],["Virus Diseases",2157178,6.6,"D014777","C01.925",351,"Description: A general term for diseases caused by viruses.",""],["Communicable Diseases",869367,2.7,"D003141","C01.221",42,"Description: An illness caused by an infectious agent or its<br>toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of<br>the infectious agent or its products from an infected individual<br>or via an animal, vector or the inanimate environment to a<br>susceptible animal or human host.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases",386737,1.2,"D012749","C01.778",22,"Description: Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.",""],["Bacterial Infections and Mycoses",1348577,4.1,"D001423","C01.150",357,"Description: Infections caused by bacteria and fungi, general,<br>specified, or unspecified.",""],["Cross Infection",52391,0.2,"D003428","C01.248",2,"Description: Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-<br>care institution.",""],["Vaccine-Preventable Diseases",142,0.0,"D000079263","C01.918",0,"Description: Diseases for which vaccines exist that can confer<br>partial or complete protection. (World Health Organization<br>vaccine-safety-training.org)",""],["Skin Diseases, Infectious",67564,0.2,"D012874","C01.800",45,"Description: Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites,<br>or viruses.",""],["Latent Infection",4106,0.0,"D000085343","C01.550",2,"Description: Delayed infection of the host by a dormant or<br>inactive pathogen.",""],["Zoonoses",9830,0.0,"D015047","C01.973",2,"Description: Diseases of non-human animals that may be<br>transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-<br>human animals.",""],["Persistent Infection",53,0.0,"D000088562","C01.645",0,"Description: Infection which lasts for a long period with<br>continuous display of clinical features. Persistent infection<br>arises due to inability of host cells to clear primary infections<br>completely. When persistent infections are cleared so that<br>infection symptoms are under control they are often referred to<br>as chronic infections. LATENT INFECTIONS are infections in which<br>manifestation of clinical symptoms appear later.",""],["Pelvic Infection",4261,0.0,"D034161","C01.635",1,"Description: Infection involving the tissues or organs in the<br>PELVIS.",""],["Parasitic Diseases",536878,1.7,"D010272","C01.610",195,"Description: Infections or infestations with PARASITES. They are<br>often contracted through contact with an intermediate vector, but<br>may occur as the result of direct exposure.",""],["Aneurysm, Infected",3412,0.0,"D000785","C01.069",0,"Description: Aneurysm due to growth of microorganisms in the<br>arterial wall, or infection arising within preexisting<br>arteriosclerotic aneurysms.",""],["Intraabdominal Infections",41967,0.1,"D059413","C01.463",5,"Description: Infection within the PERITONEAL CAVITY. A frequent<br>cause is an ANASTOMOTIC LEAK following surgery.",""],["Arthritis, Infectious",13696,0.0,"D001170","C01.100",1,"Description: Arthritis caused by BACTERIA; RICKETTSIA;<br>MYCOPLASMA; VIRUSES; FUNGI; or PARASITES.",""],["Urinary Tract Infections",39739,0.1,"D014552","C01.915",3,"Description: Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the<br>URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial<br>infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.",""],["Bone Diseases, Infectious",38367,0.1,"D001850","C01.160",9,"Description: Bone diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms.",""],["Eye Infections",38828,0.1,"D015817","C01.375",23,"Description: Infection, moderate to severe, caused by bacteria,<br>fungi, or viruses, which occurs either on the external surface of<br>the eye or intraocularly with probable inflammation, visual<br>impairment, or blindness.",""],["Cardiovascular Infections",22941,0.1,"D053821","C01.190",5,"Description: Pathological conditions of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM<br>caused by infections.",""],["Focal Infection",3581,0.0,"D005490","C01.392",1,"Description: An infection at a specific location that may spread<br>to another region of the body.",""],["Gingivitis",7221,0.0,"D005891","C01.408",2,"Description: Inflammation of gum tissue (GINGIVA) without loss of<br>connective tissue.",""],["Hepatitis, Animal",3944,0.0,"D006520","C01.436",3,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in non-human animals.",""],["Laboratory Infection",866,0.0,"D007757","C01.503",0,"Description: Accidentally acquired infection in laboratory<br>workers.",""],["Opportunistic Infections",26790,0.1,"D009894","C01.597",2,"Description: An infection caused by an organism which becomes<br>pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during<br>immunosuppression.",""],["Wound Infection",34324,0.1,"D014946","C01.947",1,"Description: Invasion of a wound by pathogenic microorganisms.",""],["Toxemia",6081,0.0,"D014115","C01.861",1,"Description: A condition produced by the presence of toxins or<br>other harmful substances in the BLOOD.",""],["Prosthesis-Related Infections",13418,0.0,"D016459","C01.685",0,"Description: Infections resulting from the implantation of<br>prosthetic devices. The infections may be acquired from<br>intraoperative contamination (early) or hematogenously acquired<br>from other sites (late).",""],["Community-Acquired Infections",9775,0.0,"D017714","C01.234",0,"Description: Any infection acquired in the community, that is,<br>contrasted with those acquired in a health care facility (CROSS<br>INFECTION). An infection would be classified as community-<br>acquired if the patient had not recently been in a health care<br>facility or been in contact with someone who had been recently in<br>a health care facility.",""],["Soft Tissue Infections",3747,0.0,"D018461","C01.820",0,"Description: Infections of non-skeletal tissue, i.e., exclusive<br>of bone, ligaments, cartilage, and fibrous tissue. The concept is<br>usually referred to as skin and soft tissue infections and<br>usually subcutaneous and muscle tissue are involved. The<br>predisposing factors in anaerobic infections are trauma,<br>ischemia, and surgery. The organisms often derive from the fecal<br>or oral flora, particularly in wounds associated with intestinal<br>surgery, decubitus ulcer, and human bites. (From Cecil Textbook<br>of Medicine, 19th ed, p1688)",""],["Poult Enteritis Mortality Syndrome",17,0.0,"D031261","C01.655",0,"Description: An acute, transmissible, infectious disease<br>associated with high MORTALITY and MORBIDITY in young turkeys<br>(poults). It is characterized by DIARRHEA; ANOREXIA; growth<br>depression, and immune dysfunction. The cause is unknown but<br>astroviruses (AVASTROVIRUS) and coronaviruses (CORONAVIRUS,<br>TURKEY) have been isolated from diseased poults and are thought<br>to cause the enteritis and increased susceptibility to bacterial<br>infections.",""],["Catheter-Related Infections",5101,0.0,"D055499","C01.195",0,"Description: Infections resulting from the use of catheters.<br>Proper aseptic technique, site of catheter placement, material<br>composition, and virulence of the organism are all factors that<br>can influence possible infection.",""],["Asymptomatic Infections",1146,0.0,"D058345","C01.125",0,"Description: Infections that do not exhibit symptoms.",""],["Coinfection",7573,0.0,"D060085","C01.218",0,"Description: Simultaneous infection of a host organism by two or<br>more pathogens. In virology, coinfection commonly refers to<br>simultaneous infection of a single cell by two or more different<br>viruses.",""],["Reproductive Tract Infections",566,0.0,"D060737","C01.730",0,"Description: Infections of the genital tract in females or males.<br>They can be caused by endogenous, iatrogenic, or sexually<br>transmitted organisms.",""],["Infections",6980941,21.5,"D007239","C01",1386,"Description: Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or<br>their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological<br>conditions or diseases.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Omsk","Hemorrhagic Septicemia","Hepatitis B","Hepatitis, Infectious Canine","Hepatitis C","Herpes Genitalis","Herpes Simplex","Herpes Labialis","HIV Seropositivity","HIV Seropositivity","HIV Seropositivity","Hordeolum","Deltaretrovirus Infections","Hymenolepiasis","Myiasis","Impetigo","Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis","Influenza, Human","Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption","Keratitis, Dendritic","Keratitis, Dendritic","Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious","Kyasanur Forest Disease","Larva Migrans","Lassa Fever","Lassa Fever","Legionellosis","Leishmaniasis","Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous","Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous","Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal","Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal","Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal","Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal","Listeriosis","Liver Abscess","Liver Abscess, Amebic","Lumpy Skin Disease","Lupus Vulgaris","Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis","Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis","Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis","Lymphogranuloma 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Gland Neoplasms",197,0.0,"D000694","C04.588.274.476.411.307.790.040.040",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the anal gland.",""],["Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory",824,0.0,"D018304","C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550.150",0,"Description: A malignant olfactory neuroblastoma arising from the<br>olfactory epithelium of the superior nasal cavity and cribriform<br>plate. It is uncommon (3% of nasal tumors) and rarely is<br>associated with the production of excess hormones (e.g., SIADH,<br>Cushing Syndrome). It has a high propensity for multiple local<br>recurrences and bony metastases. (From Holland et al., Cancer<br>Medicine, 3rd ed, p1245; J Laryngol Otol 1998 Jul;112(7):628-33)",""],["Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory",824,0.0,"D018304","C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550.150",0,"Description: A malignant olfactory neuroblastoma arising from the<br>olfactory epithelium of the superior nasal cavity and cribriform<br>plate. It is uncommon (3% of nasal tumors) and rarely is<br>associated with the production of excess hormones (e.g., SIADH,<br>Cushing Syndrome). It has a high propensity for multiple local<br>recurrences and bony metastases. (From Holland et al., Cancer<br>Medicine, 3rd ed, p1245; J Laryngol Otol 1998 Jul;112(7):628-33)",""],["Ganglioneuroblastoma",342,0.0,"D018305","C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550.300",0,"Description: A moderately malignant neoplasm composed of<br>primitive neuroectodermal cells dispersed in myxomatous or<br>fibrous stroma intermixed with mature ganglion cells. It may<br>undergo transformation into a neuroblastoma. It arises from the<br>sympathetic trunk or less frequently from the adrenal medulla,<br>cerebral cortex, and other locations. Cervical<br>ganglioneuroblastomas may be associated with HORNER SYNDROME and<br>the tumor may occasionally secrete vasoactive intestinal peptide,<br>resulting in chronic diarrhea.",""],["Ganglioneuroblastoma",342,0.0,"D018305","C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550.300",0,"Description: A moderately malignant neoplasm composed of<br>primitive neuroectodermal cells dispersed in myxomatous or<br>fibrous stroma intermixed with mature ganglion cells. It may<br>undergo transformation into a neuroblastoma. It arises from the<br>sympathetic trunk or less frequently from the adrenal medulla,<br>cerebral cortex, and other locations. Cervical<br>ganglioneuroblastomas may be associated with HORNER SYNDROME and<br>the tumor may occasionally secrete vasoactive intestinal peptide,<br>resulting in chronic diarrhea.",""],["Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma",133,0.0,"D000080443","C04.588.614.250.195.411.100.500",0,"Description: A rare, aggressive brain tumor that forms in the<br>GLIAL CELLS in the PONS.",""],["Colitis-Associated Neoplasms",120,0.0,"D000083023","C04.588.274.476.411.307.180.400",0,"Description: Colonic neoplasms associated with chronic<br>inflammation conditions such as ULCERATIVE COLITIS and CROHN<br>DISEASE.",""],["Anus Neoplasms",6851,0.0,"D001005","C04.588.274.476.411.307.790.040",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ANAL CANAL.",""],["Carcinoid Heart Disease",538,0.0,"D002275","C04.557.465.625.650.200.500.205",0,"Description: Cardiac manifestation of gastrointestinal CARCINOID<br>TUMOR that metastasizes to the liver. Substances secreted by the<br>tumor cells, including SEROTONIN, promote fibrous plaque<br>formation in ENDOCARDIUM and its underlying layers. These<br>deposits cause distortion of the TRICUSPID VALVE and the<br>PULMONARY VALVE eventually leading to STENOSIS and valve<br>regurgitation.",""],["Carcinoid Heart Disease",538,0.0,"D002275","C04.557.470.200.025.200.500.205",0,"Description: Cardiac manifestation of gastrointestinal CARCINOID<br>TUMOR that metastasizes to the liver. Substances secreted by the<br>tumor cells, including SEROTONIN, promote fibrous plaque<br>formation in ENDOCARDIUM and its underlying layers. These<br>deposits cause distortion of the TRICUSPID VALVE and the<br>PULMONARY VALVE eventually leading to STENOSIS and valve<br>regurgitation.",""],["Carcinoid Heart Disease",538,0.0,"D002275","C04.557.580.625.650.200.500.205",0,"Description: Cardiac manifestation of gastrointestinal CARCINOID<br>TUMOR that metastasizes to the liver. Substances secreted by the<br>tumor cells, including SEROTONIN, promote fibrous plaque<br>formation in ENDOCARDIUM and its underlying layers. These<br>deposits cause distortion of the TRICUSPID VALVE and the<br>PULMONARY VALVE eventually leading to STENOSIS and valve<br>regurgitation.",""],["Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung",67664,0.2,"D002289","C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249",0,"Description: A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct<br>histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL<br>CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are<br>dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment<br>strategy.",""],["Carotid Body Tumor",1827,0.0,"D002345","C04.557.465.625.650.700.705.220",0,"Description: Benign paraganglioma at the bifurcation of the<br>COMMON CAROTID ARTERIES. It can encroach on the parapharyngeal<br>space and produce dysphagia, pain, and cranial nerve palsies.",""],["Carotid Body Tumor",1827,0.0,"D002345","C04.557.580.625.650.700.705.220",0,"Description: Benign paraganglioma at the bifurcation of the<br>COMMON CAROTID ARTERIES. It can encroach on the parapharyngeal<br>space and produce dysphagia, pain, and cranial nerve palsies.",""],["Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary",1308,0.0,"D005097","C04.557.450.565.575.610.615.325",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder transmitted by an autosomal<br>dominant gene and characterized by multiple exostoses (multiple<br>osteochondromas) near the ends of long bones. The genetic<br>abnormality results in a defect in the osteoclastic activity at<br>the metaphyseal ends of the bone during the remodeling process in<br>childhood or early adolescence. The metaphyses develop benign,<br>bony outgrowths often capped by cartilage. A small number undergo<br>neoplastic transformation.",""],["Gardner Syndrome",549,0.0,"D005736","C04.588.274.476.411.307.089.393",0,"Description: A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by<br>mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is<br>characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic<br>polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the<br>FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI<br>tract.",""],["Glioblastoma",28630,0.1,"D005909","C04.557.465.625.600.380.080.335",0,"Description: A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically<br>characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia,<br>microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of<br>the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral<br>hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical<br>presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade<br>of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.",""],["Glioblastoma",28630,0.1,"D005909","C04.557.580.625.600.380.080.335",0,"Description: A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically<br>characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia,<br>microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of<br>the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral<br>hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical<br>presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade<br>of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.",""],["Glomus Jugulare Tumor",920,0.0,"D005925","C04.557.465.625.650.700.705.340",0,"Description: A paraganglioma involving the glomus jugulare, a<br>microscopic collection of chemoreceptor tissue in the adventitia<br>of the bulb of the jugular vein. It may cause paralysis of the<br>vocal cords, attacks of dizziness, blackouts, and nystagmus. It<br>is not resectable but radiation therapy is effective. It<br>regresses slowly, but permanent control is regularly achieved.<br>(From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed; DeVita Jr et al.,<br>Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1603-4)",""],["Glomus Jugulare Tumor",920,0.0,"D005925","C04.557.580.625.650.700.705.340",0,"Description: A paraganglioma involving the glomus jugulare, a<br>microscopic collection of chemoreceptor tissue in the adventitia<br>of the bulb of the jugular vein. It may cause paralysis of the<br>vocal cords, attacks of dizziness, blackouts, and nystagmus. It<br>is not resectable but radiation therapy is effective. It<br>regresses slowly, but permanent control is regularly achieved.<br>(From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed; DeVita Jr et al.,<br>Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1603-4)",""],["Neuroblastoma",22393,0.1,"D009447","C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550",2,"Description: A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from<br>neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and<br>characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from<br>spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death.<br>This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of<br>childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely<br>occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include<br>uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests<br>and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be<br>associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita<br>et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed,<br>pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)",""],["Neuroblastoma",22393,0.1,"D009447","C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550",2,"Description: A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from<br>neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and<br>characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from<br>spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death.<br>This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of<br>childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely<br>occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include<br>uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests<br>and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be<br>associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita<br>et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed,<br>pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)",""],["Pituitary Neoplasms",24018,0.1,"D010911","C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600",0,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the<br>PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are<br>adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting<br>forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type<br>of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be<br>characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA,<br>BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE).<br>Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the<br>HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM.<br>Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.",""],["Sigmoid Neoplasms",3696,0.0,"D012811","C04.588.274.476.411.307.180.800",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SIGMOID COLON.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.0,"D016518","C04.557.465.625.650.595.610.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.0,"D016518","C04.557.580.600.610.595.610.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory",824,0.0,"D018304","C04.557.470.670.590.650.550.150",0,"Description: A malignant olfactory neuroblastoma arising from the<br>olfactory epithelium of the superior nasal cavity and cribriform<br>plate. It is uncommon (3% of nasal tumors) and rarely is<br>associated with the production of excess hormones (e.g., SIADH,<br>Cushing Syndrome). It has a high propensity for multiple local<br>recurrences and bony metastases. (From Holland et al., Cancer<br>Medicine, 3rd ed, p1245; J Laryngol Otol 1998 Jul;112(7):628-33)",""],["Ganglioneuroblastoma",342,0.0,"D018305","C04.557.470.670.590.650.550.300",0,"Description: A moderately malignant neoplasm composed of<br>primitive neuroectodermal cells dispersed in myxomatous or<br>fibrous stroma intermixed with mature ganglion cells. It may<br>undergo transformation into a neuroblastoma. It arises from the<br>sympathetic trunk or less frequently from the adrenal medulla,<br>cerebral cortex, and other locations. Cervical<br>ganglioneuroblastomas may be associated with HORNER SYNDROME and<br>the tumor may occasionally secrete vasoactive intestinal peptide,<br>resulting in chronic diarrhea.",""],["Glioma, Subependymal",204,0.0,"D018315","C04.557.465.625.600.380.290.390",0,"Description: Rare, slow-growing, benign intraventricular tumors,<br>often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. The tumors are<br>classified histologically as ependymomas and demonstrate a<br>proliferation of subependymal fibrillary astrocytes among the<br>ependymal tumor cells. (From Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1997<br>Feb;99(1):17-22)",""],["Glioma, Subependymal",204,0.0,"D018315","C04.557.580.625.600.380.290.390",0,"Description: Rare, slow-growing, benign intraventricular tumors,<br>often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. The tumors are<br>classified histologically as ependymomas and demonstrate a<br>proliferation of subependymal fibrillary astrocytes among the<br>ependymal tumor cells. (From Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1997<br>Feb;99(1):17-22)",""],["Papilloma, Choroid Plexus",350,0.0,"D020288","C04.588.614.250.195.205.200.500",0,"Description: A usually benign neoplasm that arises from the<br>cuboidal epithelium of the choroid plexus and takes the form of<br>an enlarged CHOROID PLEXUS, which may be associated with<br>oversecretion of CSF. The tumor usually presents in the first<br>decade of life with signs of increased intracranial pressure<br>including HEADACHES; ATAXIA; DIPLOPIA; and alterations of mental<br>status. In children it is most common in the lateral ventricles<br>and in adults it tends to arise in the fourth ventricle.<br>Malignant transformation to choroid plexus carcinomas may rarely<br>occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p667;<br>DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th<br>ed, p2072)",""],["Glomus Tympanicum Tumor",73,0.0,"D043604","C04.557.465.625.650.700.705.360",0,"Description: A rare PARAGANGLIOMA involving the GLOMUS<br>TYMPANICUM, a collection of chemoreceptor tissue adjacent to the<br>TYMPANIC CAVITY. It can cause TINNITUS and conductive hearing<br>loss (HEARING LOSS, CONDUCTIVE).",""],["Glomus Tympanicum Tumor",73,0.0,"D043604","C04.557.580.625.650.700.705.360",0,"Description: A rare PARAGANGLIOMA involving the GLOMUS<br>TYMPANICUM, a collection of chemoreceptor tissue adjacent to the<br>TYMPANIC CAVITY. It can cause TINNITUS and conductive hearing<br>loss (HEARING LOSS, CONDUCTIVE).",""],["Pallister-Hall Syndrome",43,0.0,"D054975","C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.299",0,"Description: A pleiotropic disorder of human development that<br>comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and postaxial<br>POLYDACTYLY; bifid EPIGLOTTIS; ANAL ATRESIA; and renal and other<br>abnormalities. This disorder is associated with FRAMESHIFT<br>MUTATIONS in the GLI3 gene which encodes the GLI3 protein, a<br>KRUPPEL-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS family member.",""],["Small Cell Lung Carcinoma",5019,0.0,"D055752","C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.624",0,"Description: A form of highly malignant lung cancer that is<br>composed of small ovoid cells (SMALL CELL CARCINOMA).",""],["Pagetoid Reticulosis",33,0.0,"D056267","C04.557.386.480.750.800.550.600",0,"Description: A distinct variant of mycosis fungoides<br>characterized by the presence of localized patches or plaques<br>with an intraepidermal proliferation of neoplastic cells.",""],["Cystadenofibroma",81,0.0,"D062625","C04.557.450.565.590.595.050.500",0,"Description: Benign or borderline malignant neoplasm of the ovary<br>and surrounding tissues. It is characterized by tumor(s) with<br>cystic glands which are lined by cuboidal EPITHELIAL CELLS with<br>clear cytoplasm, resembling ENDOMETRIUM cells. The glands are<br>separated by fibroblastic STROMAL CELLS.",""],["Plasmablastic Lymphoma",250,0.0,"D000069293","C04.557.386.480.150.585.500",0,"Description: Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid<br>cells which have the immunophenotype of plasma cells and a<br>predilection for the ORAL CAVITY.",""],["Fibromatosis, Plantar",37,0.0,"D000071380","C04.557.450.565.590.340.705",0,"Description: A fibromatosis of the plantar fascia characterized<br>by thickening of the fibrous bands on the plantar aponeurosis in<br>the sole of the foot and toes.",""],["Thyroid Cancer, Papillary",2379,0.0,"D000077273","C04.557.470.200.025.085.612",0,"Description: An ADENOCARCINOMA that originates from follicular<br>cells of the THYROID GLAND and accounts for the majority of<br>THYROID CANCER cases. Cells exhibit enlarged, oval, or elongated<br>morphologies with clear, round, nuclei. Fusions of RET, NTRK1,<br>TPM3, and PCM1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma",2059,0.0,"D000077274","C04.588.443.665.710.650.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the<br>NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous<br>cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY<br>ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian<br>populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS.<br>Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been<br>identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA,<br>KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.",""],["Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma",133,0.0,"D000080443","C04.557.465.625.600.380.185",0,"Description: A rare, aggressive brain tumor that forms in the<br>GLIAL CELLS in the PONS.",""],["Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma",133,0.0,"D000080443","C04.557.580.625.600.380.185",0,"Description: A rare, aggressive brain tumor that forms in the<br>GLIAL CELLS in the PONS.",""],["Brain Stem Neoplasms",2181,0.0,"D020295","C04.588.614.250.195.411.100",1,"Description: Benign and malignant intra-axial tumors of the<br>MESENCEPHALON; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the BRAIN STEM.<br>Primary and metastatic neoplasms may occur in this location.<br>Clinical features include ATAXIA, cranial neuropathies (see<br>CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES), NAUSEA, hemiparesis (see HEMIPLEGIA),<br>and quadriparesis. Primary brain stem neoplasms are more frequent<br>in children. Histologic subtypes include GLIOMA;<br>HEMANGIOBLASTOMA; GANGLIOGLIOMA; and EPENDYMOMA.",""],["Colonic Neoplasms",67470,0.2,"D003110","C04.588.274.476.411.307.180",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON.",""],["Adenofibroma",1194,0.0,"D000232","C04.557.450.565.590.595.050",1,"Description: A benign neoplasm composed of glandular and fibrous<br>tissues, with a relatively large proportion of glands. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Rectal Neoplasms",52167,0.1,"D012004","C04.588.274.476.411.307.790",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.",""],["Appendiceal Neoplasms",3461,0.0,"D001063","C04.588.274.476.411.184.290",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the APPENDIX.",""],["Astrocytoma",39567,0.1,"D001254","C04.557.465.625.600.380.080",1,"Description: Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from<br>glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly<br>anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the<br>most common type and may be classified in order of increasing<br>malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of<br>life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar<br>hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the<br>cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From<br>Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th<br>ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)",""],["Astrocytoma",39567,0.1,"D001254","C04.557.580.625.600.380.080",1,"Description: Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from<br>glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly<br>anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the<br>most common type and may be classified in order of increasing<br>malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of<br>life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar<br>hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the<br>cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From<br>Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th<br>ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)",""],["Brenner Tumor",583,0.0,"D001948","C04.557.450.565.590.595.150",0,"Description: A smooth, solid or cystic fibroepithelial<br>(FIBROEPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS) tumor, usually found in the OVARIES<br>but can also be found in the adnexal region and the KIDNEYS. It<br>consists of a fibrous stroma with nests of epithelial cells that<br>sometimes resemble the transitional cells lining the urinary<br>bladder. Brenner tumors generally are benign and asymptomatic.<br>Malignant Brenner tumors have been reported.",""],["Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome",2091,0.0,"D008303","C04.557.465.625.650.200.500",1,"Description: A symptom complex associated with CARCINOID TUMOR<br>and characterized by attacks of severe flushing of the skin,<br>diarrheal watery stools, bronchoconstriction, sudden drops in<br>blood pressure, edema, and ascites. The carcinoid tumors are<br>usually located in the gastrointestinal tract and metastasize to<br>the liver. Symptoms are caused by tumor secretion of serotonin,<br>prostaglandins, and other biologically active substances. Cardiac<br>manifestations constitute CARCINOID HEART DISEASE. (Dorland, 27th<br>ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome",2091,0.0,"D008303","C04.557.470.200.025.200.500",1,"Description: A symptom complex associated with CARCINOID TUMOR<br>and characterized by attacks of severe flushing of the skin,<br>diarrheal watery stools, bronchoconstriction, sudden drops in<br>blood pressure, edema, and ascites. The carcinoid tumors are<br>usually located in the gastrointestinal tract and metastasize to<br>the liver. Symptoms are caused by tumor secretion of serotonin,<br>prostaglandins, and other biologically active substances. Cardiac<br>manifestations constitute CARCINOID HEART DISEASE. (Dorland, 27th<br>ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome",2091,0.0,"D008303","C04.557.580.625.650.200.500",1,"Description: A symptom complex associated with CARCINOID TUMOR<br>and characterized by attacks of severe flushing of the skin,<br>diarrheal watery stools, bronchoconstriction, sudden drops in<br>blood pressure, edema, and ascites. The carcinoid tumors are<br>usually located in the gastrointestinal tract and metastasize to<br>the liver. Symptoms are caused by tumor secretion of serotonin,<br>prostaglandins, and other biologically active substances. Cardiac<br>manifestations constitute CARCINOID HEART DISEASE. (Dorland, 27th<br>ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar",2039,0.0,"D002282","C04.557.470.200.025.022.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma derived from epithelium of terminal<br>bronchioles, in which the neoplastic tissue extends along the<br>alveolar walls and grows in small masses within the alveoli.<br>Involvement may be uniformly diffuse and massive, or nodular, or<br>lobular. The neoplastic cells are cuboidal or columnar and form<br>papillary structures. Mucin may be demonstrated in some of the<br>cells and in the material in the alveoli, which also includes<br>denuded cells. Metastases in regional lymph nodes, and in even<br>more distant sites, are known to occur, but are infrequent. (From<br>Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar",2039,0.0,"D002282","C04.588.894.797.520.055.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma derived from epithelium of terminal<br>bronchioles, in which the neoplastic tissue extends along the<br>alveolar walls and grows in small masses within the alveoli.<br>Involvement may be uniformly diffuse and massive, or nodular, or<br>lobular. The neoplastic cells are cuboidal or columnar and form<br>papillary structures. Mucin may be demonstrated in some of the<br>cells and in the material in the alveoli, which also includes<br>denuded cells. Metastases in regional lymph nodes, and in even<br>more distant sites, are known to occur, but are infrequent. (From<br>Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Bronchogenic",80769,0.2,"D002283","C04.588.894.797.520.109.220",2,"Description: Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of<br>the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung<br>malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL<br>CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.",""],["Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating",8276,0.0,"D002285","C04.557.470.200.240.187.250",0,"Description: A noninvasive (noninfiltrating) carcinoma of the<br>breast characterized by a proliferation of malignant epithelial<br>cells confined to the mammary ducts or lobules, without light-<br>microscopy evidence of invasion through the basement membrane<br>into the surrounding stroma.",""],["Paraganglioma, Extra-Adrenal",5201,0.0,"D010236","C04.557.465.625.650.700.705",3,"Description: A relatively rare, usually benign neoplasm<br>originating in the chemoreceptor tissue of the CAROTID BODY;<br>GLOMUS JUGULARE; GLOMUS TYMPANICUM; AORTIC BODIES; and the female<br>genital tract. It consists histologically of rounded or ovoid<br>hyperchromatic cells that tend to be grouped in an alveolus-like<br>pattern within a scant to moderate amount of fibrous stroma and a<br>few large thin-walled vascular channels. (From Stedman, 27th ed)",""],["Paraganglioma, Extra-Adrenal",5201,0.0,"D010236","C04.557.580.625.650.700.705",3,"Description: A relatively rare, usually benign neoplasm<br>originating in the chemoreceptor tissue of the CAROTID BODY;<br>GLOMUS JUGULARE; GLOMUS TYMPANICUM; AORTIC BODIES; and the female<br>genital tract. It consists histologically of rounded or ovoid<br>hyperchromatic cells that tend to be grouped in an alveolus-like<br>pattern within a scant to moderate amount of fibrous stroma and a<br>few large thin-walled vascular channels. (From Stedman, 27th ed)",""],["Cerebellar Neoplasms",8625,0.0,"D002528","C04.588.614.250.195.411.211",0,"Description: Primary or metastatic neoplasms of the CEREBELLUM.<br>Tumors in this location frequently present with ATAXIA or signs<br>of INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION due to obstruction of the fourth<br>ventricle. Common primary cerebellar tumors include fibrillary<br>ASTROCYTOMA and cerebellar HEMANGIOBLASTOMA. The cerebellum is a<br>relatively common site for tumor metastases from the lung,<br>breast, and other distant organs. (From Okazaki & Scheithauer,<br>Atlas of Neuropathology, 1988, p86 and p141)",""],["Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive",427,0.0,"D002820","C04.557.465.955.416.812.500",0,"Description: A uterine tumor derived from persistent gestational<br>TROPHOBLASTS, most likely after a molar pregnancy (HYDATIDIFORM<br>MOLE). Invasive hyadatiform mole develops in about 15% of<br>patients after evacuation of a complete mole and less frequently<br>after other types of gestation. It may perforate the MYOMETRIUM<br>and erode uterine vessels causing hemorrhage.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis",4703,0.0,"D003123","C04.588.274.476.411.307.190",0,"Description: A group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases in<br>which COLON CANCER arises in discrete adenomas. Unlike FAMILIAL<br>POLYPOSIS COLI with hundreds of polyps, hereditary nonpolyposis<br>colorectal neoplasms occur much later, in the fourth and fifth<br>decades. HNPCC has been associated with germline mutations in<br>mismatch repair (MMR) genes. It has been subdivided into Lynch<br>syndrome I or site-specific colonic cancer, and LYNCH SYNDROME II<br>which includes extracolonic cancer.",""],["Vipoma",340,0.0,"D003969","C04.557.465.625.650.240.847",0,"Description: A tumor that secretes VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE,<br>a neuropeptide that causes VASODILATION; relaxation of smooth<br>muscles; watery DIARRHEA; HYPOKALEMIA; and HYPOCHLORHYDRIA.<br>Vipomas, derived from the pancreatic ISLET CELLS, generally are<br>malignant and can secrete other hormones. In most cases, Vipomas<br>are located in the PANCREAS but can be found in extrapancreatic<br>sites.",""],["Vipoma",340,0.0,"D003969","C04.557.470.200.025.370.847",0,"Description: A tumor that secretes VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE,<br>a neuropeptide that causes VASODILATION; relaxation of smooth<br>muscles; watery DIARRHEA; HYPOKALEMIA; and HYPOCHLORHYDRIA.<br>Vipomas, derived from the pancreatic ISLET CELLS, generally are<br>malignant and can secrete other hormones. In most cases, Vipomas<br>are located in the PANCREAS but can be found in extrapancreatic<br>sites.",""],["Dupuytren Contracture",2816,0.0,"D004387","C04.557.450.565.590.340.173",0,"Description: A fibromatosis of the palmar fascia characterized by<br>thickening and contracture of the fibrous bands on the palmar<br>surfaces of the hand and fingers. It arises most commonly in men<br>between the ages of 30 and 50.",""],["Ependymoma",4274,0.0,"D004806","C04.557.465.625.600.380.290",1,"Description: Glioma derived from EPENDYMOGLIAL CELLS that tend to<br>present as malignant intracranial tumors in children and as<br>benign intraspinal neoplasms in adults. It may arise from any<br>level of the ventricular system or central canal of the spinal<br>cord. Intracranial ependymomas most frequently originate in the<br>FOURTH VENTRICLE and histologically are densely cellular tumors<br>which may contain ependymal tubules and perivascular<br>pseudorosettes. Spinal ependymomas are usually benign papillary<br>or myxopapillary tumors. (From DeVita et al., Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2018; Escourolle et al., Manual of<br>Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp28-9)",""],["Ependymoma",4274,0.0,"D004806","C04.557.580.625.600.380.290",1,"Description: Glioma derived from EPENDYMOGLIAL CELLS that tend to<br>present as malignant intracranial tumors in children and as<br>benign intraspinal neoplasms in adults. It may arise from any<br>level of the ventricular system or central canal of the spinal<br>cord. Intracranial ependymomas most frequently originate in the<br>FOURTH VENTRICLE and histologically are densely cellular tumors<br>which may contain ependymal tubules and perivascular<br>pseudorosettes. Spinal ependymomas are usually benign papillary<br>or myxopapillary tumors. (From DeVita et al., Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2018; Escourolle et al., Manual of<br>Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp28-9)",""],["Osteochondromatosis",1472,0.0,"D018216","C04.557.450.565.575.610.615",1,"Description: A condition marked by the presence of multiple<br>osteochondromas. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Gardner Syndrome",549,0.0,"D005736","C04.557.470.035.215.100.500",0,"Description: A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by<br>mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is<br>characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic<br>polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the<br>FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI<br>tract.",""],["Adenomatous Polyposis Coli",5614,0.0,"D011125","C04.588.274.476.411.307.089",1,"Description: A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant<br>mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The<br>syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of<br>ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected<br>individuals by early adulthood.",""],["Glioblastoma",28630,0.1,"D005909","C04.557.470.670.380.080.335",0,"Description: A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically<br>characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia,<br>microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of<br>the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral<br>hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical<br>presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade<br>of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.",""],["Glucagonoma",600,0.0,"D005935","C04.557.470.200.025.290.750",0,"Description: An almost always malignant GLUCAGON-secreting tumor<br>derived from the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS. It is characterized by a<br>distinctive migratory ERYTHEMA; WEIGHT LOSS; STOMATITIS;<br>GLOSSITIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; hypoaminoacidemia; and normochromic<br>normocytic ANEMIA.",""],["Hypothalamic Neoplasms",24690,0.1,"D007029","C04.588.614.250.195.885.500",2,"Description: Benign and malignant tumors of the HYPOTHALAMUS.<br>Pilocytic astrocytomas and hamartomas are relatively frequent<br>histologic types. Neoplasms of the hypothalamus frequently<br>originate from adjacent structures, including the OPTIC CHIASM,<br>optic nerve (see OPTIC NERVE NEOPLASMS), and pituitary gland (see<br>PITUITARY NEOPLASMS). Relatively frequent clinical manifestations<br>include visual loss, developmental delay, macrocephaly, and<br>precocious puberty. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2051)",""],["Krukenberg Tumor",457,0.0,"D007725","C04.557.470.200.025.415.410",0,"Description: Mucocellular carcinoma of the ovary, usually<br>metastatic from the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by<br>areas of mucoid degeneration and the presence of signet-ring-like<br>cells. It accounts for 30%-40% of metastatic cancers to the<br>ovaries and possibly 1%-2% of all malignant ovarian tumors. The<br>lesions may not be discovered until the primary disease is<br>advanced, and most patients die of their disease within a year.<br>In some cases, a primary tumor is not found. (From Dorland, 27th<br>ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1685)",""],["Leydig Cell Tumor",1599,0.0,"D007984","C04.588.945.440.915.500.249",0,"Description: Gonadal interstitial or stromal cell neoplasm<br>composed of only LEYDIG CELLS. These tumors may produce one or<br>more of the steroid hormones such as ANDROGENS; ESTROGENS; and<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS. Clinical symptoms include testicular swelling,<br>GYNECOMASTIA, sexual precocity in children, or virilization<br>(VIRILISM) in females.",""],["Linitis Plastica",332,0.0,"D008039","C04.557.470.200.025.095.410",0,"Description: A condition where the stomach wall becomes<br>thickened, rubbery and loses its ability to distend. The stomach<br>assumes a \"leather bottle\" shape. It is most often seen in<br>adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The term is often used<br>synonymously with diffuse adenocarcinoma of the stomach.",""],["Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms",1808,0.0,"D008444","C04.588.443.665.650.693.575",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. They<br>represent the majority of paranasal neoplasms.",""],["Medulloblastoma",6253,0.0,"D008527","C04.557.465.625.600.380.515",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either<br>as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood<br>(see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most<br>frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical<br>location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include<br>a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a<br>tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes.<br>Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the<br>craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)",""],["Medulloblastoma",6253,0.0,"D008527","C04.557.465.625.600.590.500",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either<br>as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood<br>(see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most<br>frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical<br>location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include<br>a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a<br>tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes.<br>Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the<br>craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)",""],["Medulloblastoma",6253,0.0,"D008527","C04.557.580.625.600.380.515",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either<br>as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood<br>(see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most<br>frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical<br>location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include<br>a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a<br>tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes.<br>Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the<br>craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)",""],["Medulloblastoma",6253,0.0,"D008527","C04.557.580.625.600.590.500",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either<br>as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood<br>(see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most<br>frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical<br>location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include<br>a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a<br>tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes.<br>Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the<br>craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)",""],["Melanoma, Experimental",8232,0.0,"D008546","C04.557.465.625.650.510.525",0,"Description: Experimentally induced tumor that produces MELANIN<br>in animals to provide a model for studying human MELANOMA.",""],["Melanoma, Experimental",8232,0.0,"D008546","C04.557.580.625.650.510.525",0,"Description: Experimentally induced tumor that produces MELANIN<br>in animals to provide a model for studying human MELANOMA.",""],["Mycosis Fungoides",5270,0.0,"D009182","C04.557.386.480.750.800.550",1,"Description: A chronic, malignant T-cell lymphoma of the skin. In<br>the late stages, the LYMPH NODES and viscera are affected.",""],["Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral",23970,0.1,"D018241","C04.557.465.625.600.590.650",3,"Description: A group of highly cellular primitive round cell<br>neoplasms which occur extracranially in soft tissue and bone and<br>are derived from embryonal neural crest cells. These tumors occur<br>primarily in children and adolescents and share a number of<br>characteristics with EWING SARCOMA.",""],["Neuroblastoma",22393,0.1,"D009447","C04.557.470.670.590.650.550",2,"Description: A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from<br>neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and<br>characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from<br>spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death.<br>This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of<br>childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely<br>occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include<br>uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests<br>and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be<br>associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita<br>et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed,<br>pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)",""],["Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral",23970,0.1,"D018241","C04.557.580.625.600.590.650",3,"Description: A group of highly cellular primitive round cell<br>neoplasms which occur extracranially in soft tissue and bone and<br>are derived from embryonal neural crest cells. These tumors occur<br>primarily in children and adolescents and share a number of<br>characteristics with EWING SARCOMA.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 1",9737,0.0,"D009456","C04.557.580.600.580.590.650",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a<br>high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features<br>developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and<br>skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL<br>CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous<br>tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central<br>nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE<br>GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which<br>inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on<br>chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also<br>elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical<br>features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene<br>products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras<br>(RAS PROTEINS).",""],["Neuroma, Acoustic",8519,0.0,"D009464","C04.557.465.625.650.595.610",1,"Description: A benign SCHWANNOMA of the eighth cranial nerve<br>(VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE), mostly arising from the vestibular<br>branch (VESTIBULAR NERVE) during the fifth or sixth decade of<br>life. Clinical manifestations include HEARING LOSS; HEADACHE;<br>VERTIGO; TINNITUS; and FACIAL PAIN. Bilateral acoustic neuromas<br>are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p673)",""],["Neuroma, Acoustic",8519,0.0,"D009464","C04.557.580.600.610.595.610",1,"Description: A benign SCHWANNOMA of the eighth cranial nerve<br>(VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE), mostly arising from the vestibular<br>branch (VESTIBULAR NERVE) during the fifth or sixth decade of<br>life. Clinical manifestations include HEARING LOSS; HEADACHE;<br>VERTIGO; TINNITUS; and FACIAL PAIN. Bilateral acoustic neuromas<br>are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p673)",""],["Neuroma, Acoustic",7136,0.0,"D009464","C04.557.580.625.650.595.610",0,"Description: A benign SCHWANNOMA of the eighth cranial nerve<br>(VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE), mostly arising from the vestibular<br>branch (VESTIBULAR NERVE) during the fifth or sixth decade of<br>life. Clinical manifestations include HEARING LOSS; HEADACHE;<br>VERTIGO; TINNITUS; and FACIAL PAIN. Bilateral acoustic neuromas<br>are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p673)",""],["Oligodendroglioma",2696,0.0,"D009837","C04.557.465.625.600.380.590",0,"Description: A relatively slow-growing glioma that is derived<br>from oligodendrocytes and tends to occur in the cerebral<br>hemispheres, thalamus, or lateral ventricle. They may present at<br>any age, but are most frequent in the third to fifth decades,<br>with an earlier incidence peak in the first decade.<br>Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, relatively<br>avascular, and tend to form cysts and microcalcifications.<br>Neoplastic cells tend to have small round nuclei surrounded by<br>unstained nuclei. The tumors may vary from well-differentiated to<br>highly anaplastic forms. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles<br>and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2052; Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p655)",""],["Oligodendroglioma",2696,0.0,"D009837","C04.557.580.625.600.380.590",0,"Description: A relatively slow-growing glioma that is derived<br>from oligodendrocytes and tends to occur in the cerebral<br>hemispheres, thalamus, or lateral ventricle. They may present at<br>any age, but are most frequent in the third to fifth decades,<br>with an earlier incidence peak in the first decade.<br>Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, relatively<br>avascular, and tend to form cysts and microcalcifications.<br>Neoplastic cells tend to have small round nuclei surrounded by<br>unstained nuclei. The tumors may vary from well-differentiated to<br>highly anaplastic forms. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles<br>and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2052; Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p655)",""],["Osteoma, Osteoid",2843,0.0,"D010017","C04.557.450.565.575.625.625",0,"Description: A benign osteoblastic tumor with central<br>vascularized nidus surrounded by normal reactive bone. It occurs<br>especially in second decade of life most commonly in the femoral<br>neck but can occur in any bone and any site within a bone.",""],["Paget's Disease, Mammary",644,0.0,"D010144","C04.557.470.200.240.187.500",0,"Description: An intraductal in situ carcinoma of the breast,<br>characterized clinically by eczema-like inflammatory skin changes<br>and histologically by infiltration of the dermis by malignant<br>cells (Paget's cells).",""],["Pheochromocytoma",13717,0.0,"D010673","C04.557.465.625.650.700.725",0,"Description: A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular,<br>vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or<br>sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the<br>increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is<br>HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During<br>severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation,<br>apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and<br>VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the<br>extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the<br>pathologic distinction between benign and malignant<br>pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et<br>al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298)",""],["Pheochromocytoma",13717,0.0,"D010673","C04.557.580.625.650.700.725",0,"Description: A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular,<br>vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or<br>sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the<br>increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is<br>HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During<br>severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation,<br>apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and<br>VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the<br>extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the<br>pathologic distinction between benign and malignant<br>pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et<br>al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298)",""],["Pseudomyxoma Peritonei",1156,0.0,"D011553","C04.557.470.200.025.075.500",0,"Description: A peritoneal adenocarcinoma characterized by build-<br>up of MUCUS in the PERITONEAL CAVITY. Mucus secreting cells may<br>attach to the peritoneal lining and continue to secrete mucus.<br>The majority of cases represent tumor spread from a primary low-<br>grade mucinous neoplasm of the APPENDIX (NCI Thesaurus).",""],["Radicular Cyst",855,0.0,"D011842","C04.182.089.530.690.790.820",0,"Description: Slow-growing fluid-filled epithelial sac at the apex<br>of a tooth with a nonvital pulp or defective root canal filling.",""],["Sarcoma, Ewing",6415,0.0,"D012512","C04.557.450.565.575.650.800",0,"Description: A malignant tumor of the bone which always arises in<br>the medullary tissue, occurring more often in cylindrical bones.<br>The tumor occurs usually before the age of 20, about twice as<br>frequently in males as in females.",""],["Sertoli Cell Tumor",687,0.0,"D012707","C04.588.945.440.915.500.500",0,"Description: Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS<br>or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli<br>cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in<br>sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as<br>FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).",""],["Sezary Syndrome",1506,0.0,"D012751","C04.557.386.480.750.800.775",0,"Description: A form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma manifested by<br>generalized exfoliative ERYTHRODERMA; PRURITUS; peripheral<br>lymphadenopathy, and abnormal hyperchromatic mononuclear<br>(cerebriform) cells in the skin, LYMPH NODES, and peripheral<br>blood (Sezary cells).",""],["Somatostatinoma",264,0.0,"D013005","C04.557.465.625.650.240.695",0,"Description: A SOMATOSTATIN-secreting tumor derived from the<br>pancreatic delta cells (SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS). It is also<br>found in the INTESTINE. Somatostatinomas are associated with<br>DIABETES MELLITUS; CHOLELITHIASIS; STEATORRHEA; and<br>HYPOCHLORHYDRIA. The majority of somatostatinomas have the<br>potential for METASTASIS.",""],["Somatostatinoma",264,0.0,"D013005","C04.557.470.200.025.370.695",0,"Description: A SOMATOSTATIN-secreting tumor derived from the<br>pancreatic delta cells (SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS). It is also<br>found in the INTESTINE. Somatostatinomas are associated with<br>DIABETES MELLITUS; CHOLELITHIASIS; STEATORRHEA; and<br>HYPOCHLORHYDRIA. The majority of somatostatinomas have the<br>potential for METASTASIS.",""],["Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular",1192,0.0,"D013586","C04.557.450.565.380.690.500",0,"Description: Diffuse outgrowth arising from the SYNOVIAL<br>MEMBRANE; SYNOVIAL BURSA; or TENDON sheath around the joint<br>cavity, with extension to surrounding soft tissue. It is<br>characterized by pigmented HEMOSIDERIN-containing MACROPHAGES;<br>FOAM CELLS; and multinucleated GIANT CELLS. It usually occurs in<br>the hands and feet, and around large joints, such as in the ankle<br>and knee joints.",""],["Tonsillar Neoplasms",2323,0.0,"D014067","C04.588.443.665.710.684.800",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PALATINE TONSIL.",""],["Urticaria Pigmentosa",1158,0.0,"D014582","C04.557.450.565.465.500.850",0,"Description: The most common form of cutaneous mastocytosis<br>(MASTOCYTOSIS, CUTANEOUS) that occurs primarily in children. It<br>is characterized by the multiple small reddish-brown pigmented<br>pruritic macules and papules.",""],["Carcinoma, Merkel Cell",3233,0.0,"D015266","C04.557.465.625.650.240.325",0,"Description: A carcinoma arising from MERKEL CELLS located in the<br>basal layer of the epidermis and occurring most commonly as a<br>primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Merkel cells are<br>tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin and histologically show<br>neurosecretory granules. The skin of the head and neck are a<br>common site of Merkel cell carcinoma, occurring generally in<br>elderly patients. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1245)",""],["Carcinoma, Merkel Cell",3233,0.0,"D015266","C04.557.470.200.025.370.325",0,"Description: A carcinoma arising from MERKEL CELLS located in the<br>basal layer of the epidermis and occurring most commonly as a<br>primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Merkel cells are<br>tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin and histologically show<br>neurosecretory granules. The skin of the head and neck are a<br>common site of Merkel cell carcinoma, occurring generally in<br>elderly patients. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1245)",""],["Carcinoma, Merkel Cell",3233,0.0,"D015266","C04.557.580.625.650.240.325",0,"Description: A carcinoma arising from MERKEL CELLS located in the<br>basal layer of the epidermis and occurring most commonly as a<br>primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Merkel cells are<br>tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin and histologically show<br>neurosecretory granules. The skin of the head and neck are a<br>common site of Merkel cell carcinoma, occurring generally in<br>elderly patients. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1245)",""],["Gastrinoma",772,0.0,"D015408","C04.557.470.200.025.290.500",0,"Description: A GASTRIN-secreting neuroendocrine tumor of the non-<br>beta ISLET CELLS, the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS. This type of tumor<br>is primarily located in the PANCREAS or the DUODENUM. Majority of<br>gastrinomas are malignant. They metastasize to the LIVER; LYMPH<br>NODES; and BONE but rarely elsewhere. The presence of gastrinoma<br>is one of three requirements to be met for identification of<br>ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME, which sometimes occurs in families<br>with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1; (MEN 1).",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.0,"D016518","C04.557.580.600.580.590.655",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Choroid Plexus Neoplasms",1029,0.0,"D016545","C04.588.614.250.195.205.200",1,"Description: Benign or malignant tumors which arise from the<br>choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain. Papillomas (see<br>PAPILLOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS) and carcinomas are the most common<br>histologic subtypes, and tend to seed throughout the ventricular<br>and subarachnoid spaces. Clinical features include headaches,<br>ataxia and alterations of consciousness, primarily resulting from<br>associated HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles<br>and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2072; J Neurosurg 1998<br>Mar;88(3):521-8)",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C04.588.945.947.535.585.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Lymphomatoid Papulosis",511,0.0,"D017731","C04.557.386.480.750.800.528",0,"Description: Clinically benign, histologically malignant,<br>recurrent cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder<br>characterized by an infiltration of large atypical cells<br>surrounded by inflammatory cells. The atypical cells resemble<br>REED-STERNBERG CELLS of HODGKIN DISEASE or the malignant cells of<br>CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA. In some cases, lymphomatoid papulosis<br>progresses to lymphomatous conditions including MYCOSIS<br>FUNGOIDES; HODGKIN DISEASE; CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA; or<br>ANAPLASTIC LARGE-CELL LYMPHOMA.",""],["Fibroma, Ossifying",872,0.0,"D018214","C04.557.450.565.590.340.360",0,"Description: A benign central bone tumor, usually of the jaws<br>(especially the mandible), composed of fibrous connective tissue<br>within which bone is formed.",""],["Osteosarcoma, Juxtacortical",130,0.0,"D018217","C04.557.450.565.575.650.655",0,"Description: A form of osteogenic sarcoma of relatively low<br>malignancy, probably arising from the periosteum and initially<br>involving cortical bone and adjacent connective tissue. It occurs<br>in middle-aged as well as young adults and most commonly affects<br>the lower part of the femoral shaft. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous",5238,0.0,"D018219","C04.557.450.565.590.425.350",0,"Description: A benign tumor composed, wholly or in part, of cells<br>with the morphologic characteristics of HISTIOCYTES and with<br>various fibroblastic components. Fibrous histiocytomas can occur<br>anywhere in the body. When they occur in the skin, they are<br>called dermatofibromas or sclerosing hemangiomas. (From DeVita Jr<br>et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p1747)",""],["Fibroma, Desmoplastic",265,0.0,"D018220","C04.557.450.565.590.340.345",0,"Description: An extremely rare bone tumor characterized by<br>abundant collagen formation and a fibrous stroma, without<br>evidence of mitosis or pleomorphism. It appears on x-rays as an<br>osteolytic lesion with well-defined margins and must be<br>differentiated from primary fibrosarcoma of bone. (DeVita Jr et<br>al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1441)",""],["Fibromatosis, Abdominal",419,0.0,"D018221","C04.557.450.565.590.340.400",0,"Description: A relatively large mass of unusually firm scarlike<br>connective tissue resulting from active participation of<br>fibroblasts, occurring most frequently in the abdominal muscles<br>of women who have borne children. The fibroblasts infiltrate<br>surrounding muscle and fascia. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Fibromatosis, Aggressive",1981,0.0,"D018222","C04.557.450.565.590.340.410",0,"Description: A childhood counterpart of abdominal or extra-<br>abdominal desmoid tumors, characterized by firm subcutaneous<br>nodules that grow rapidly in any part of the body but do not<br>metastasize. The adult form of abdominal fibromatosis is<br>FIBROMATOSIS, ABDOMINAL. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Dermatofibrosarcoma",1409,0.0,"D018223","C04.557.450.565.590.350.320",0,"Description: A sarcoma of the deep layers of the skin. The tumors<br>are locally aggressive tends to recur but rarely metastatic. It<br>can be classified into variants depending on the cell type tumors<br>are derived from or by its characteristics: Pigmented variant<br>from MELANIN-containing DERMAL DENDRITIC CELLS; Myxoid variant,<br>myxoid STROMAL CELLS; Giant cell variant characterized by GIANT<br>CELLS in the tumors; and Fibrosarcomatous variant chracterized by<br>tumor areas histologically indistinguishable from FIBROSARCOMA.",""],["Fibroadenoma",1445,0.0,"D018226","C04.557.450.565.590.595.350",0,"Description: An adenoma containing fibrous tissue. It should be<br>differentiated from ADENOFIBROMA which is a tumor composed of<br>connective tissue (fibroma) containing glandular (adeno-)<br>structures. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar",850,0.0,"D018232","C04.557.450.590.550.660.665",0,"Description: A form of RHABDOMYOSARCOMA occurring mainly in<br>adolescents and young adults, affecting muscles of the<br>extremities, trunk, orbital region, etc. It is extremely<br>malignant, metastasizing widely at an early stage. Few cures have<br>been achieved and the prognosis is poor. \"Alveolar\" refers to its<br>microscopic appearance simulating the cells of the respiratory<br>alveolus. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2188)",""],["Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar",850,0.0,"D018232","C04.557.450.795.550.660.665",0,"Description: A form of RHABDOMYOSARCOMA occurring mainly in<br>adolescents and young adults, affecting muscles of the<br>extremities, trunk, orbital region, etc. It is extremely<br>malignant, metastasizing widely at an early stage. Few cures have<br>been achieved and the prognosis is poor. \"Alveolar\" refers to its<br>microscopic appearance simulating the cells of the respiratory<br>alveolus. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2188)",""],["Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal",1063,0.0,"D018233","C04.557.450.590.550.660.675",0,"Description: A form of RHABDOMYOSARCOMA arising primarily in the<br>head and neck, especially the orbit, of children below the age of<br>10. The cells are smaller than those of other rhabdomyosarcomas<br>and are of two basic cell types: spindle cells and round cells.<br>This cancer is highly sensitive to chemotherapy and has a high<br>cure rate with multi-modality therapy. (From Holland et al.,<br>Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2188)",""],["Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal",1063,0.0,"D018233","C04.557.450.795.550.660.675",0,"Description: A form of RHABDOMYOSARCOMA arising primarily in the<br>head and neck, especially the orbit, of children below the age of<br>10. The cells are smaller than those of other rhabdomyosarcomas<br>and are of two basic cell types: spindle cells and round cells.<br>This cancer is highly sensitive to chemotherapy and has a high<br>cure rate with multi-modality therapy. (From Holland et al.,<br>Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2188)",""],["Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site",314,0.0,"D018245","C04.557.470.200.025.455.875",0,"Description: An uncommon variant of CHORIOCARCINOMA. It is<br>composed almost entirely of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts<br>(TROPHOBLASTS). Because its secretion of hCG (CHORIONIC<br>GONADOTROPIN) is low, a large tumor may develop before the hCG<br>can be detected.",""],["Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular",757,0.0,"D018265","C04.557.470.200.025.060.225",0,"Description: A thyroid neoplasm of mixed papillary and follicular<br>arrangement. Its biological behavior and prognosis is the same as<br>that of a papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid. (From DeVita<br>Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed,<br>p1271)",""],["Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular",757,0.0,"D018265","C04.557.470.200.025.085.225",0,"Description: A thyroid neoplasm of mixed papillary and follicular<br>arrangement. Its biological behavior and prognosis is the same as<br>that of a papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid. (From DeVita<br>Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed,<br>p1271)",""],["Carcinoma, Endometrioid",3213,0.0,"D018269","C04.588.945.418.948.585.124",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of<br>cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a<br>common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL<br>CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this<br>form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.",""],["Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast",14334,0.0,"D018270","C04.557.470.200.025.232.500",0,"Description: An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary<br>ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.",""],["Carcinoma, Medullary",2880,0.0,"D018276","C04.557.465.625.650.240.315",0,"Description: A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements<br>with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast<br>constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas<br>of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice<br>of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine,<br>1992)",""],["Carcinoma, Medullary",2880,0.0,"D018276","C04.557.470.200.025.370.315",0,"Description: A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements<br>with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast<br>constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas<br>of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice<br>of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine,<br>1992)",""],["Carcinoma, Medullary",2880,0.0,"D018276","C04.557.580.625.650.240.315",0,"Description: A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements<br>with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast<br>constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas<br>of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice<br>of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine,<br>1992)",""],["Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous",716,0.0,"D018282","C04.557.470.200.025.480.225",0,"Description: A malignant cystic or semisolid tumor most often<br>occurring in the ovary. Rarely, one is solid. This tumor may<br>develop from a mucinous cystadenoma, or it may be malignant at<br>the onset. The cysts are lined with tall columnar epithelial<br>cells; in others, the epithelium consists of many layers of cells<br>that have lost normal structure entirely. In the more<br>undifferentiated tumors, one may see sheets and nests of tumor<br>cells that have very little resemblance to the parent structure.<br>(Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972, p184)",""],["Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary",792,0.0,"D018283","C04.557.470.200.025.480.230",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma in which the tumor elements are<br>arranged as finger-like processes or as a solid spherical nodule<br>projecting from an epithelial surface.",""],["Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous",3603,0.0,"D018284","C04.557.470.200.025.480.240",0,"Description: A malignant cystic or semicystic neoplasm. It often<br>occurs in the ovary and usually bilaterally. The external surface<br>is usually covered with papillary excrescences. Microscopically,<br>the papillary patterns are predominantly epithelial overgrowths<br>with differentiated and undifferentiated papillary serous<br>cystadenocarcinoma cells. Psammoma bodies may be present. The<br>tumor generally adheres to surrounding structures and produces<br>ascites. (From Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972,<br>p185)",""],["Klatskin Tumor",947,0.0,"D018285","C04.557.470.200.025.450.500",0,"Description: Cholangiocarcinoma arising near or at the confluence<br>of the right and left hepatic ducts (COMMON HEPATIC DUCT). These<br>tumors are generally small, sharply localized, and seldom<br>metastasizing.",""],["Ganglioglioma",957,0.0,"D018303","C04.557.465.625.600.380.350",0,"Description: Rare indolent tumors comprised of neoplastic glial<br>and neuronal cells which occur primarily in children and young<br>adults. Benign lesions tend to be associated with long survival<br>unless the tumor degenerates into a histologically malignant<br>form. They tend to occur in the optic nerve and white matter of<br>the brain and spinal cord.",""],["Ganglioglioma",957,0.0,"D018303","C04.557.580.625.600.380.350",0,"Description: Rare indolent tumors comprised of neoplastic glial<br>and neuronal cells which occur primarily in children and young<br>adults. Benign lesions tend to be associated with long survival<br>unless the tumor degenerates into a histologically malignant<br>form. They tend to occur in the optic nerve and white matter of<br>the brain and spinal cord.",""],["Glioma, Subependymal",204,0.0,"D018315","C04.557.470.670.380.290.390",0,"Description: Rare, slow-growing, benign intraventricular tumors,<br>often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. The tumors are<br>classified histologically as ependymomas and demonstrate a<br>proliferation of subependymal fibrillary astrocytes among the<br>ependymal tumor cells. (From Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1997<br>Feb;99(1):17-22)",""],["Gliosarcoma",682,0.0,"D018316","C04.557.465.625.600.380.400",0,"Description: Rare mixed tumors of the brain and rarely the spinal<br>cord which contain malignant neuroectodermal (glial) and<br>mesenchymal components, including spindle-shaped fibrosarcoma<br>cells. These tumors are highly aggressive and present primarily<br>in adults as rapidly expanding mass lesions. They may arise in<br>tissue that has been previously irradiated. (From Br J Neurosurg<br>1995 Apr;9(2):171-8)",""],["Gliosarcoma",682,0.0,"D018316","C04.557.580.625.600.380.400",0,"Description: Rare mixed tumors of the brain and rarely the spinal<br>cord which contain malignant neuroectodermal (glial) and<br>mesenchymal components, including spindle-shaped fibrosarcoma<br>cells. These tumors are highly aggressive and present primarily<br>in adults as rapidly expanding mass lesions. They may arise in<br>tissue that has been previously irradiated. (From Br J Neurosurg<br>1995 Apr;9(2):171-8)",""],["Neurofibrosarcoma",346,0.0,"D018319","C04.557.450.565.590.350.590",0,"Description: A malignant tumor that arises from small cutaneous<br>nerves, is locally aggressive, and has a potential for<br>metastasis. Characteristic histopathologic features include<br>proliferating atypical spindle cells with slender wavy and<br>pointed nuclei, hypocellular areas, and areas featuring organized<br>whorls of fibroblastic proliferation. The most common primary<br>sites are the extremities, retroperitoneum, and trunk. These<br>tumors tend to present in childhood, often in association with<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles &<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p1662; Mayo Clin Proc 1990<br>Feb;65(2):164-72)",""],["Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle",671,0.0,"D018327","C04.557.465.625.650.510.385",0,"Description: A cellular subtype of malignant melanoma. It is a<br>pigmented lesion composed of melanocytes occurring on sun-exposed<br>skin, usually the face and neck. The melanocytes are commonly<br>multinucleated with a \"starburst\" appearance. It is considered by<br>many to be the in situ phase of lentigo maligna melanoma.",""],["Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle",671,0.0,"D018327","C04.557.580.625.650.510.385",0,"Description: A cellular subtype of malignant melanoma. It is a<br>pigmented lesion composed of melanocytes occurring on sun-exposed<br>skin, usually the face and neck. The melanocytes are commonly<br>multinucleated with a \"starburst\" appearance. It is considered by<br>many to be the in situ phase of lentigo maligna melanoma.",""],["Melanoma, Amelanotic",650,0.0,"D018328","C04.557.465.625.650.510.515",0,"Description: An unpigmented malignant melanoma. It is an<br>anaplastic melanoma consisting of cells derived from melanoblasts<br>but not forming melanin. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Melanoma, Amelanotic",650,0.0,"D018328","C04.557.580.625.650.510.515",0,"Description: An unpigmented malignant melanoma. It is an<br>anaplastic melanoma consisting of cells derived from melanoblasts<br>but not forming melanin. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell",861,0.0,"D018332","C04.557.665.560.615.625.585",0,"Description: A benign compound nevus occurring most often in<br>children before puberty, composed of spindle and epithelioid<br>cells located mainly in the dermis, sometimes in association with<br>large atypical cells and multinucleate cells, and having a close<br>histopathological resemblance to malignant melanoma. The tumor<br>presents as a smooth to slightly scaly, round to oval, raised,<br>firm papule or nodule, ranging in color from pink-tan to purplish<br>red, often with surface telangiectasia. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Optic Nerve Glioma",506,0.0,"D020339","C04.557.465.625.600.380.795",0,"Description: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic<br>nerve, usually presenting in childhood.",""],["Optic Nerve Glioma",506,0.0,"D020339","C04.557.580.625.600.380.795",0,"Description: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic<br>nerve, usually presenting in childhood.",""],["Optic Nerve Glioma",506,0.0,"D020339","C04.588.614.596.240.240.500",0,"Description: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic<br>nerve, usually presenting in childhood.",""],["Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal",10995,0.0,"D021441","C04.557.470.200.025.232.750",0,"Description: Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It<br>accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C04.588.945.947.535.585.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Choriocarcinoma, Non-gestational",143,0.0,"D031954","C04.557.470.200.025.455.750",0,"Description: A highly malignant CHORIOCARCINOMA derived from the<br>non-placental origin such as the totipotent cells in the TESTIS,<br>the OVARY, and the PINEAL GLAND. It produces high levels of<br>CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN and can metastasize widely through the<br>bloodstream to the lungs, brain, liver, bone, and other viscera<br>by the time of diagnosis.",""],["Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous",915,0.0,"D051677","C04.557.450.565.590.425.360",0,"Description: The most commonly diagnosed soft tissue sarcoma. It<br>is a neoplasm with a fibrohistiocytic appearance found chiefly in<br>later adult life, with peak incidence in the 7th decade.",""],["Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Pleural",358,0.0,"D054363","C04.557.450.565.590.797.750",0,"Description: A rare neoplasm, usually benign, derived from<br>mesenchymal fibroblasts located in the submesothelial lining of<br>the PLEURA. It spite of its various synonyms, it has no features<br>of mesothelial cells and is not related to malignant MESOTHELIOMA<br>or asbestos exposure.",""],["Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell",178,0.0,"D054446","C04.557.386.480.750.800.507",0,"Description: Anaplastic lymphoma of the skin which develops as a<br>primary neoplasm expressing the CD30 ANTIGEN. It is characterized<br>by solitary nodules or ulcerated tumors.",""],["Mastocytoma, Skin",80,0.0,"D054705","C04.557.450.565.465.249.500",0,"Description: A variant of cutaneous mastocytosis which occurs as<br>a single lesion usually in infants. It is found mostly in the<br>wrist and trunk and there is no atypical cytomorphology.",""],["Mastocytoma, Skin",80,0.0,"D054705","C04.557.450.565.465.500.500",0,"Description: A variant of cutaneous mastocytosis which occurs as<br>a single lesion usually in infants. It is found mostly in the<br>wrist and trunk and there is no atypical cytomorphology.",""],["Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse",20574,0.1,"D016403","C04.557.386.480.150.585",1,"Description: Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid<br>cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or<br>more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is<br>predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the<br>malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process<br>of differentiation.",""],["Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath",1388,0.0,"D000070779","C04.557.450.565.380.690",1,"Description: A tumor arising in the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE; SYNOVIAL<br>BURSA; or TENDON sheath. It is characterized by OSTEOCLAST-like<br>GIANT CELLS; FOAM CELLS; pigmented HEMOSIDERIN-laden MACROPHAGES<br>and inflammatory infiltrate. It is classified either as diffuse<br>or localized tenosynovitis.",""],["Fibroma",16872,0.0,"D005350","C04.557.450.565.590.340",6,"Description: A benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed<br>connective tissue.",""],["Breast Carcinoma In Situ",9120,0.0,"D000071960","C04.557.470.200.240.187",2,"Description: A condition in which abnormal cells have not spread<br>outside the duct, lobule, or nipple to other tissues of the<br>breast. There are 3 types of breast carcinoma in situ: DUCTAL<br>CARCINOMA IN SITU; LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU; and PAGET DISEASE<br>OF THE NIPPLE.",""],["Tubular Sweat Gland Adenomas",71,0.0,"D000074009","C04.557.470.035.175.900",0,"Description: Various tubular forms of benign tumors of the SWEAT<br>GLAND with glandular differentiation. Common types include<br>syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the head and neck, and<br>hidradenoma papilliferum of the vulva area. Hidradenoma<br>papilliferum may be derived from mammary-like glands of the<br>vulva.",""],["Tubular Sweat Gland Adenomas",71,0.0,"D000074009","C04.557.470.550.175.900",0,"Description: Various tubular forms of benign tumors of the SWEAT<br>GLAND with glandular differentiation. Common types include<br>syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the head and neck, and<br>hidradenoma papilliferum of the vulva area. Hidradenoma<br>papilliferum may be derived from mammary-like glands of the<br>vulva.",""],["Adenocarcinoma of Lung",7115,0.0,"D000077192","C04.557.470.200.025.022",1,"Description: A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most<br>common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit<br>distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular<br>morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are<br>associated with this cancer.",""],["Adenocarcinoma of Lung",7115,0.0,"D000077192","C04.588.894.797.520.055",1,"Description: A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most<br>common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit<br>distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular<br>morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are<br>associated with this cancer.",""],["Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck",4172,0.0,"D000077195","C04.557.470.200.400.565",0,"Description: The most common type of head and neck carcinoma that<br>originates from cells on the surface of the NASAL CAVITY; MOUTH;<br>PARANASAL SINUSES, SALIVARY GLANDS, and LARYNX. Mutations in<br>TNFRSF10B, PTEN, and ING1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Chondrosarcoma, Clear Cell",9,0.0,"D000077207","C04.557.450.565.280.140",0,"Description: A chondrosarcoma of adolescence to old age of the<br>proximal EPIPHYSES of long bones. It has variably clear cytoplasm<br>of the mostly neoplastic CHONDROCYTES with little intervening<br>matrix.",""],["Chondrosarcoma, Clear Cell",9,0.0,"D000077207","C04.557.450.795.300.140",0,"Description: A chondrosarcoma of adolescence to old age of the<br>proximal EPIPHYSES of long bones. It has variably clear cytoplasm<br>of the mostly neoplastic CHONDROCYTES with little intervening<br>matrix.",""],["Adenocarcinoma, Papillary",6357,0.0,"D000231","C04.557.470.200.025.085",2,"Description: An adenocarcinoma containing finger-like processes<br>of vascular connective tissue covered by neoplastic epithelium,<br>projecting into cysts or the cavity of glands or follicles. It<br>occurs most frequently in the ovary and thyroid gland. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms",19917,0.1,"D009303","C04.588.443.665.710.650",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.",""],["Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma",2759,0.0,"D000077277","C04.557.470.200.400.330",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on<br>the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor<br>cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid<br>lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes<br>are associated with this cancer.",""],["Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma",2759,0.0,"D000077277","C04.557.470.700.400.565",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on<br>the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor<br>cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid<br>lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes<br>are associated with this cancer.",""],["Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma",2759,0.0,"D000077277","C04.588.274.476.205.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on<br>the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor<br>cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid<br>lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes<br>are associated with this cancer.",""],["Glioma",95614,0.3,"D005910","C04.557.465.625.600.380",10,"Description: Benign and malignant central nervous system<br>neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes,<br>oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to<br>astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see<br>GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas<br>(OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation<br>to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts<br>of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic<br>Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)",""],["Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma",133,0.0,"D000080443","C04.557.470.670.380.185",0,"Description: A rare, aggressive brain tumor that forms in the<br>GLIAL CELLS in the PONS.",""],["Glioma",95614,0.3,"D005910","C04.557.580.625.600.380",10,"Description: Benign and malignant central nervous system<br>neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes,<br>oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to<br>astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see<br>GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas<br>(OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation<br>to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts<br>of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic<br>Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)",""],["Infratentorial Neoplasms",11822,0.0,"D015192","C04.588.614.250.195.411",3,"Description: Intracranial tumors originating in the region of the<br>brain inferior to the TENTORIUM CEREBELLI, which contains the<br>cerebellum, FOURTH VENTRICLE; CEREBELLOPONTINE ANGLE; BRAIN STEM,<br>and related structures. Primary tumors of this region are more<br>frequent in children, and may present with ATAXIA; CRANIAL NERVE<br>DISEASES; vomiting; HEADACHE; HYDROCEPHALUS; or other signs of<br>neurologic dysfunction. Relatively frequent histologic subtypes<br>include TERATOMA; MEDULLOBLASTOMA; GLIOBLASTOMA; ASTROCYTOMA;<br>EPENDYMOMA; CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA; and choroid plexus papilloma<br>(PAPILLOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS).",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms",237565,0.7,"D015179","C04.588.274.476.411.307",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both.<br>Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE<br>COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and<br>irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.",""],["Mesothelioma, Malignant",603,0.0,"D000086002","C04.557.470.035.510.757",0,"Description: A type of mesothelioma with a tendency to<br>metastasize. Most tumors originate from either the PLEURA or<br>PERITONEUM, tumors may also originate in the PERICARDIUM or<br>testicular tissue. It is associated with ASBESTOS exposure.<br>Somatic mutations identified in WT1, BCL10, CDKN2A, NF2, and BAP1<br>genes are associated with the malignancy. OMIM: 156240.",""],["Mesothelioma, Malignant",603,0.0,"D000086002","C04.557.470.660.510.757",0,"Description: A type of mesothelioma with a tendency to<br>metastasize. Most tumors originate from either the PLEURA or<br>PERITONEUM, tumors may also originate in the PERICARDIUM or<br>testicular tissue. It is associated with ASBESTOS exposure.<br>Somatic mutations identified in WT1, BCL10, CDKN2A, NF2, and BAP1<br>genes are associated with the malignancy. OMIM: 156240.",""],["Mesothelioma, Malignant",603,0.0,"D000086002","C04.588.894.797.520.173",0,"Description: A type of mesothelioma with a tendency to<br>metastasize. Most tumors originate from either the PLEURA or<br>PERITONEUM, tumors may also originate in the PERICARDIUM or<br>testicular tissue. It is associated with ASBESTOS exposure.<br>Somatic mutations identified in WT1, BCL10, CDKN2A, NF2, and BAP1<br>genes are associated with the malignancy. OMIM: 156240.",""],["Mesothelioma, Malignant",603,0.0,"D000086002","C04.588.894.797.640.350",0,"Description: A type of mesothelioma with a tendency to<br>metastasize. Most tumors originate from either the PLEURA or<br>PERITONEUM, tumors may also originate in the PERICARDIUM or<br>testicular tissue. It is associated with ASBESTOS exposure.<br>Somatic mutations identified in WT1, BCL10, CDKN2A, NF2, and BAP1<br>genes are associated with the malignancy. OMIM: 156240.",""],["Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial",3488,0.0,"D018225","C04.557.450.565.590.595",4,"Description: Neoplasms composed of fibrous and epithelial tissue.<br>The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in fibrous tissue<br>or epithelium.",""],["Adenoma, Basophil",98,0.0,"D000237","C04.557.465.625.650.075",0,"Description: A small tumor of the anterior lobe of the pituitary<br>gland whose cells stain with basic dyes. It may give rise to<br>excessive secretion of ACTH, resulting in CUSHING SYNDROME.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Adenoma, Basophil",98,0.0,"D000237","C04.557.580.625.650.075",0,"Description: A small tumor of the anterior lobe of the pituitary<br>gland whose cells stain with basic dyes. It may give rise to<br>excessive secretion of ACTH, resulting in CUSHING SYNDROME.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Adenoma, Chromophobe",958,0.0,"D000238","C04.557.465.625.650.095",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the anterior pituitary in which<br>the cells do not stain with acidic or basic dyes.",""],["Adenoma, Chromophobe",958,0.0,"D000238","C04.557.580.625.650.095",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the anterior pituitary in which<br>the cells do not stain with acidic or basic dyes.",""],["Adenoma, Acidophil",297,0.0,"D000239","C04.557.465.625.650.025",0,"Description: A benign tumor, usually found in the anterior lobe<br>of the pituitary gland, whose cells stain with acid dyes. Such<br>pituitary tumors may give rise to excessive secretion of growth<br>hormone, resulting in gigantism or acromegaly. A specific type of<br>acidophil adenoma may give rise to nonpuerperal galactorrhea.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Adenoma, Acidophil",297,0.0,"D000239","C04.557.580.625.650.025",0,"Description: A benign tumor, usually found in the anterior lobe<br>of the pituitary gland, whose cells stain with acid dyes. Such<br>pituitary tumors may give rise to excessive secretion of growth<br>hormone, resulting in gigantism or acromegaly. A specific type of<br>acidophil adenoma may give rise to nonpuerperal galactorrhea.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Cecal Neoplasms",5410,0.0,"D002430","C04.588.274.476.411.184",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the CECUM.",""],["Apudoma",332,0.0,"D001079","C04.557.465.625.650.135",0,"Description: A general term collectively applied to tumors<br>associated with the APUD CELLS series, irrespective of their<br>specific identification.",""],["Apudoma",332,0.0,"D001079","C04.557.580.625.650.135",0,"Description: A general term collectively applied to tumors<br>associated with the APUD CELLS series, irrespective of their<br>specific identification.",""],["Astrocytoma",39567,0.1,"D001254","C04.557.470.670.380.080",1,"Description: Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from<br>glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly<br>anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the<br>most common type and may be classified in order of increasing<br>malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of<br>life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar<br>hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the<br>cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From<br>Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th<br>ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)",""],["Sarcoma, Avian",864,0.0,"D001357","C04.557.450.795.830.800",0,"Description: Connective tissue tumors, affecting primarily fowl,<br>that are usually caused by avian sarcoma viruses.",""],["Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome",1276,0.0,"D001478","C04.182.089.530.690.150",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal<br>cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal<br>defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated<br>and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and<br>cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal<br>dominant.",""],["Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome",1276,0.0,"D001478","C04.557.470.200.165.150",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal<br>cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal<br>defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated<br>and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and<br>cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal<br>dominant.",""],["Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome",1276,0.0,"D001478","C04.557.470.565.165.150",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal<br>cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal<br>defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated<br>and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and<br>cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal<br>dominant.",""],["Blast Crisis",1776,0.0,"D001752","C04.557.337.539.250.100",0,"Description: An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia,<br>characterized by a rapid increase in the proportion of immature<br>white blood cells (blasts) in the blood and bone marrow to<br>greater than 30%.",""],["Bowen's Disease",1482,0.0,"D001913","C04.557.470.200.400.130",0,"Description: A persistent progressive non-elevated red scaly or<br>crusted plaque which is due to an intradermal carcinoma and is<br>potentially malignant. Atypical squamous cells proliferate<br>through the whole thickness of the epidermis. The lesions may<br>occur anywhere on the skin surface or on mucosal surfaces. The<br>cause most frequently found is trivalent arsenic compounds.<br>Freezing, cauterization or diathermy coagulation is often<br>effective. (From Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed,<br>pp2428-9)",""],["Bowen's Disease",1482,0.0,"D001913","C04.557.470.700.400.130",0,"Description: A persistent progressive non-elevated red scaly or<br>crusted plaque which is due to an intradermal carcinoma and is<br>potentially malignant. Atypical squamous cells proliferate<br>through the whole thickness of the epidermis. The lesions may<br>occur anywhere on the skin surface or on mucosal surfaces. The<br>cause most frequently found is trivalent arsenic compounds.<br>Freezing, cauterization or diathermy coagulation is often<br>effective. (From Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed,<br>pp2428-9)",""],["Bronchial Neoplasms",90614,0.3,"D001984","C04.588.894.797.520.109",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI.",""],["Burkitt Lymphoma",7515,0.0,"D002051","C04.557.386.480.150.165",0,"Description: A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA<br>usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts<br>of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic<br>lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are<br>expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in<br>virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus<br>(HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma<br>cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in<br>these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.",""],["Carcinoid Tumor",12760,0.0,"D002276","C04.557.465.625.650.200",2,"Description: A usually small, slow-growing neoplasm composed of<br>islands of rounded, oxyphilic, or spindle-shaped cells of medium<br>size, with moderately small vesicular nuclei, and covered by<br>intact mucosa with a yellow cut surface. The tumor can occur<br>anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract (and in the lungs and<br>other sites); approximately 90% arise in the appendix. It is now<br>established that these tumors are of neuroendocrine origin and<br>derive from a primitive stem cell. (From Stedman, 25th ed &<br>Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1182)",""],["Carcinoid Tumor",12760,0.0,"D002276","C04.557.470.200.025.200",2,"Description: A usually small, slow-growing neoplasm composed of<br>islands of rounded, oxyphilic, or spindle-shaped cells of medium<br>size, with moderately small vesicular nuclei, and covered by<br>intact mucosa with a yellow cut surface. The tumor can occur<br>anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract (and in the lungs and<br>other sites); approximately 90% arise in the appendix. It is now<br>established that these tumors are of neuroendocrine origin and<br>derive from a primitive stem cell. (From Stedman, 25th ed &<br>Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1182)",""],["Carcinoid Tumor",12760,0.0,"D002276","C04.557.580.625.650.200",2,"Description: A usually small, slow-growing neoplasm composed of<br>islands of rounded, oxyphilic, or spindle-shaped cells of medium<br>size, with moderately small vesicular nuclei, and covered by<br>intact mucosa with a yellow cut surface. The tumor can occur<br>anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract (and in the lungs and<br>other sites); approximately 90% arise in the appendix. It is now<br>established that these tumors are of neuroendocrine origin and<br>derive from a primitive stem cell. (From Stedman, 25th ed &<br>Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1182)",""],["Carcinoma 256, Walker",2039,0.0,"D002279","C04.557.450.795.290.210",0,"Description: A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that<br>originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a<br>pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young<br>transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating",8276,0.0,"D002285","C04.557.470.200.025.275",0,"Description: A noninvasive (noninfiltrating) carcinoma of the<br>breast characterized by a proliferation of malignant epithelial<br>cells confined to the mammary ducts or lobules, without light-<br>microscopy evidence of invasion through the basement membrane<br>into the surrounding stroma.",""],["Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous",9224,0.0,"D002288","C04.557.470.200.025.075",1,"Description: An adenocarcinoma producing mucin in significant<br>amounts. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Renal Cell",39256,0.1,"D002292","C04.557.470.200.025.390",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary<br>carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several<br>subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the<br>chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells<br>(sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.",""],["Carcinoma, Renal Cell",39256,0.1,"D002292","C04.588.945.947.535.160",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary<br>carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several<br>subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the<br>chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells<br>(sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.",""],["Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous",1273,0.0,"D002293","C04.557.470.200.025.095",1,"Description: An adenocarcinoma with a hard (Greek skirrhos, hard)<br>structure owing to the formation of dense connective tissue in<br>the stroma. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Paraganglioma",24112,0.1,"D010235","C04.557.465.625.650.700",5,"Description: A neural crest tumor usually derived from the<br>chromoreceptor tissue of a paraganglion, such as the carotid<br>body, or medulla of the adrenal gland (usually called a<br>chromaffinoma or pheochromocytoma). It is more common in women<br>than in men. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Segen, Dictionary of Modern<br>Medicine, 1992)",""],["Paraganglioma",24112,0.1,"D010235","C04.557.580.625.650.700",5,"Description: A neural crest tumor usually derived from the<br>chromoreceptor tissue of a paraganglion, such as the carotid<br>body, or medulla of the adrenal gland (usually called a<br>chromaffinoma or pheochromocytoma). It is more common in women<br>than in men. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Segen, Dictionary of Modern<br>Medicine, 1992)",""],["Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms",4197,0.0,"D002551","C04.588.614.250.195.205",2,"Description: Neoplasms located in the brain ventricles, including<br>the two lateral, the third, and the fourth ventricle. Ventricular<br>tumors may be primary (e.g., CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS and GLIOMA,<br>SUBEPENDYMAL), metastasize from distant organs, or occur as<br>extensions of locally invasive tumors from adjacent brain<br>structures.",""],["Uterine Cervical Neoplasms",77952,0.2,"D002583","C04.588.945.418.948.850",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Hydatidiform Mole",4437,0.0,"D006828","C04.557.465.955.416.812",1,"Description: Trophoblastic hyperplasia associated with normal<br>gestation, or molar pregnancy. It is characterized by the<br>swelling of the CHORIONIC VILLI and elevated human CHORIONIC<br>GONADOTROPIN. Hydatidiform moles or molar pregnancy may be<br>categorized as complete or partial based on their gross<br>morphology, histopathology, and karyotype.",""],["Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive",427,0.0,"D002820","C04.850.908.416.750.500",0,"Description: A uterine tumor derived from persistent gestational<br>TROPHOBLASTS, most likely after a molar pregnancy (HYDATIDIFORM<br>MOLE). Invasive hyadatiform mole develops in about 15% of<br>patients after evacuation of a complete mole and less frequently<br>after other types of gestation. It may perforate the MYOMETRIUM<br>and erode uterine vessels causing hemorrhage.",""],["Choriocarcinoma",5630,0.0,"D002822","C04.557.470.200.025.455",2,"Description: A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors.<br>Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no<br>CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated<br>cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is<br>characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN<br>produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses:<br>placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin<br>(CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL).",""],["Common Bile Duct Neoplasms",3636,0.0,"D003138","C04.588.274.120.250.250",0,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the COMMON BILE DUCT including<br>the AMPULLA OF VATER and the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.",""],["Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic",5371,0.0,"D003528","C04.557.470.200.025.220",0,"Description: Carcinoma characterized by bands or cylinders of<br>hyalinized or mucinous stroma separating or surrounded by nests<br>or cords of small epithelial cells. When the cylinders occur<br>within masses of epithelial cells, they give the tissue a<br>perforated, sievelike, or cribriform appearance. Such tumors<br>occur in the mammary glands, the mucous glands of the upper and<br>lower respiratory tract, and the salivary glands. They are<br>malignant but slow-growing, and tend to spread locally via the<br>nerves. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Cystadenocarcinoma",6870,0.0,"D003536","C04.557.470.200.025.480",3,"Description: A malignant neoplasm derived from glandular<br>epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions<br>are formed. The neoplastic cells manifest varying degrees of<br>anaplasia and invasiveness, and local extension and metastases<br>occur. Cystadenocarcinomas develop frequently in the ovaries,<br>where pseudomucinous and serous types are recognized. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Dentigerous Cyst",1395,0.0,"D003803","C04.182.089.530.690.310",0,"Description: Most common follicular odontogenic cyst. Occurs in<br>relation to a partially erupted or unerupted tooth with at least<br>the crown of the tooth to which the cyst is attached protruding<br>into the cystic cavity. May give rise to an ameloblastoma and, in<br>rare instances, undergo malignant transformation.",""],["Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine",11709,0.0,"D018278","C04.557.465.625.650.240",4,"Description: A group of carcinomas which share a characteristic<br>morphology, often being composed of clusters and trabecular<br>sheets of round \"blue cells\", granular chromatin, and an<br>attenuated rim of poorly demarcated cytoplasm. Neuroendocrine<br>tumors include carcinoids, small (\"oat\") cell carcinomas,<br>medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, Merkel cell tumor, cutaneous<br>neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic islet cell tumors, and<br>pheochromocytoma. Neurosecretory granules are found within the<br>tumor cells. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine",11709,0.0,"D018278","C04.557.470.200.025.370",4,"Description: A group of carcinomas which share a characteristic<br>morphology, often being composed of clusters and trabecular<br>sheets of round \"blue cells\", granular chromatin, and an<br>attenuated rim of poorly demarcated cytoplasm. Neuroendocrine<br>tumors include carcinoids, small (\"oat\") cell carcinomas,<br>medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, Merkel cell tumor, cutaneous<br>neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic islet cell tumors, and<br>pheochromocytoma. Neurosecretory granules are found within the<br>tumor cells. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Vipoma",340,0.0,"D003969","C04.588.274.761.500.750",0,"Description: A tumor that secretes VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE,<br>a neuropeptide that causes VASODILATION; relaxation of smooth<br>muscles; watery DIARRHEA; HYPOKALEMIA; and HYPOCHLORHYDRIA.<br>Vipomas, derived from the pancreatic ISLET CELLS, generally are<br>malignant and can secrete other hormones. In most cases, Vipomas<br>are located in the PANCREAS but can be found in extrapancreatic<br>sites.",""],["Vipoma",340,0.0,"D003969","C04.588.322.475.500.750",0,"Description: A tumor that secretes VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE,<br>a neuropeptide that causes VASODILATION; relaxation of smooth<br>muscles; watery DIARRHEA; HYPOKALEMIA; and HYPOCHLORHYDRIA.<br>Vipomas, derived from the pancreatic ISLET CELLS, generally are<br>malignant and can secrete other hormones. In most cases, Vipomas<br>are located in the PANCREAS but can be found in extrapancreatic<br>sites.",""],["Duodenal Neoplasms",6578,0.0,"D004379","C04.588.274.476.411.445",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the DUODENUM.",""],["Ependymoma",4274,0.0,"D004806","C04.557.470.670.380.290",1,"Description: Glioma derived from EPENDYMOGLIAL CELLS that tend to<br>present as malignant intracranial tumors in children and as<br>benign intraspinal neoplasms in adults. It may arise from any<br>level of the ventricular system or central canal of the spinal<br>cord. Intracranial ependymomas most frequently originate in the<br>FOURTH VENTRICLE and histologically are densely cellular tumors<br>which may contain ependymal tubules and perivascular<br>pseudorosettes. Spinal ependymomas are usually benign papillary<br>or myxopapillary tumors. (From DeVita et al., Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2018; Escourolle et al., Manual of<br>Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp28-9)",""],["Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute",3412,0.0,"D004915","C04.557.337.539.275.325",0,"Description: A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by<br>neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic<br>elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the<br>peripheral blood.",""],["Osteochondroma",3208,0.0,"D015831","C04.557.450.565.575.610",2,"Description: A cartilage-capped benign tumor that often appears<br>as a stalk on the surface of bone. It is probably a developmental<br>malformation rather than a true neoplasm and is usually found in<br>the metaphysis of the distal femur, proximal tibia, or proximal<br>humerus. Osteochondroma is the most common of benign bone tumors.",""],["Fibrosarcoma",10258,0.0,"D005354","C04.557.450.565.590.350",2,"Description: A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue,<br>characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts<br>with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally<br>and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Ganglioneuroma",2325,0.0,"D005729","C04.557.465.625.600.355",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm that usually arises from the<br>sympathetic trunk in the mediastinum. Histologic features include<br>spindle cell proliferation (resembling a neurofibroma) and the<br>presence of large ganglion cells. The tumor may present<br>clinically with HORNER SYNDROME or diarrhea due to ectopic<br>production of vasoactive intestinal peptide. (From DeVita et al.,<br>Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p966)",""],["Ganglioneuroma",2325,0.0,"D005729","C04.557.580.625.600.355",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm that usually arises from the<br>sympathetic trunk in the mediastinum. Histologic features include<br>spindle cell proliferation (resembling a neurofibroma) and the<br>presence of large ganglion cells. The tumor may present<br>clinically with HORNER SYNDROME or diarrhea due to ectopic<br>production of vasoactive intestinal peptide. (From DeVita et al.,<br>Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p966)",""],["Adenomatous Polyposis Coli",5614,0.0,"D011125","C04.557.470.035.215.100",1,"Description: A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant<br>mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The<br>syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of<br>ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected<br>individuals by early adulthood.",""],["Carcinoma, Islet Cell",1691,0.0,"D018273","C04.557.470.200.025.290",2,"Description: A primary malignant neoplasm of the pancreatic ISLET<br>CELLS. Usually it involves the non-INSULIN-producing cell types,<br>the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and the pancreatic delta cells<br>(SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS) in GLUCAGONOMA and<br>SOMATOSTATINOMA, respectively.",""],["Glucagonoma",600,0.0,"D005935","C04.588.274.761.500.249",0,"Description: An almost always malignant GLUCAGON-secreting tumor<br>derived from the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS. It is characterized by a<br>distinctive migratory ERYTHEMA; WEIGHT LOSS; STOMATITIS;<br>GLOSSITIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; hypoaminoacidemia; and normochromic<br>normocytic ANEMIA.",""],["Glucagonoma",600,0.0,"D005935","C04.588.322.475.500.249",0,"Description: An almost always malignant GLUCAGON-secreting tumor<br>derived from the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS. It is characterized by a<br>distinctive migratory ERYTHEMA; WEIGHT LOSS; STOMATITIS;<br>GLOSSITIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; hypoaminoacidemia; and normochromic<br>normocytic ANEMIA.",""],["Carcinoma, Hepatocellular",91293,0.3,"D006528","C04.557.470.200.025.255",0,"Description: A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver<br>cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL<br>CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly<br>differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly<br>pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes<br>have been suggested.",""],["Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms",3133,0.0,"D007012","C04.588.443.665.710.485",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the HYPOPHARYNX.",""],["Supratentorial Neoplasms",26938,0.1,"D015173","C04.588.614.250.195.885",3,"Description: Primary and metastatic (secondary) tumors of the<br>brain located above the tentorium cerebelli, a fold of dura mater<br>separating the CEREBELLUM and BRAIN STEM from the cerebral<br>hemispheres and DIENCEPHALON (i.e., THALAMUS and HYPOTHALAMUS and<br>related structures). In adults, primary neoplasms tend to arise<br>in the supratentorial compartment, whereas in children they occur<br>more frequently in the infratentorial space. Clinical<br>manifestations vary with the location of the lesion, but<br>SEIZURES; APHASIA; HEMIANOPSIA; hemiparesis; and sensory deficits<br>are relatively common features. Metastatic supratentorial<br>neoplasms are frequently multiple at the time of presentation.",""],["Ileal Neoplasms",2855,0.0,"D007078","C04.588.274.476.411.501",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the ILEUM region of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Insulinoma",3429,0.0,"D007340","C04.557.470.035.100.852",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS.<br>Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.",""],["Insulinoma",3429,0.0,"D007340","C04.588.274.761.249.500",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS.<br>Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.",""],["Insulinoma",3429,0.0,"D007340","C04.588.322.475.249.500",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS.<br>Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.",""],["Jejunal Neoplasms",2208,0.0,"D007580","C04.588.274.476.411.523",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the JEJUNUM region of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell",2683,0.0,"D018279","C04.557.470.200.025.415",1,"Description: A poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in which the<br>nucleus is pressed to one side by a cytoplasmic droplet of mucus.<br>It usually arises in the gastrointestinal system.",""],["Krukenberg Tumor",457,0.0,"D007725","C04.557.470.590.415.410",0,"Description: Mucocellular carcinoma of the ovary, usually<br>metastatic from the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by<br>areas of mucoid degeneration and the presence of signet-ring-like<br>cells. It accounts for 30%-40% of metastatic cancers to the<br>ovaries and possibly 1%-2% of all malignant ovarian tumors. The<br>lesions may not be discovered until the primary disease is<br>advanced, and most patients die of their disease within a year.<br>In some cases, a primary tumor is not found. (From Dorland, 27th<br>ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1685)",""],["Leukemia, Mast-Cell",171,0.0,"D007946","C04.557.337.539.275.440",0,"Description: A form of systemic mastocytosis (MASTOCYTOSIS,<br>SYSTEMIC) characterized by the presence of large numbers of<br>tissue MAST CELLS in the peripheral blood without skin lesions.<br>It is a high-grade LEUKEMIA disease with bone marrow smear of<br>>20% MAST CELLS, multi-organ failure and a short survival.",""],["Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute",918,0.0,"D007947","C04.557.337.539.275.450",0,"Description: An acute myeloid leukemia in which 20-30% of the<br>bone marrow or peripheral blood cells are of megakaryocyte<br>lineage. MYELOFIBROSIS or increased bone marrow RETICULIN is<br>common.",""],["Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute",1908,0.0,"D007948","C04.557.337.539.275.484",0,"Description: An acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of<br>the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage including monoblasts,<br>promonocytes, and MONOCYTES.",""],["Leydig Cell Tumor",1599,0.0,"D007984","C04.557.475.750.847.249",0,"Description: Gonadal interstitial or stromal cell neoplasm<br>composed of only LEYDIG CELLS. These tumors may produce one or<br>more of the steroid hormones such as ANDROGENS; ESTROGENS; and<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS. Clinical symptoms include testicular swelling,<br>GYNECOMASTIA, sexual precocity in children, or virilization<br>(VIRILISM) in females.",""],["Leydig Cell Tumor",1599,0.0,"D007984","C04.588.322.762.500.249",0,"Description: Gonadal interstitial or stromal cell neoplasm<br>composed of only LEYDIG CELLS. These tumors may produce one or<br>more of the steroid hormones such as ANDROGENS; ESTROGENS; and<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS. Clinical symptoms include testicular swelling,<br>GYNECOMASTIA, sexual precocity in children, or virilization<br>(VIRILISM) in females.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",3041,0.0,"D018310","C04.588.945.440.915.500",2,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis",726,0.0,"D008230","C04.557.386.480.150.600",0,"Description: An angiocentric and angiodestructive<br>lymphoproliferative disorder primarily involving the lungs. It is<br>caused by an Epstein-Barr virus-induced transformation of the<br>B-cells, in a T-cell rich environment. Clinically and<br>pathologically it resembles EXTRANODAL NK-T-CELL LYMPHOMA.",""],["Mandibular Neoplasms",8558,0.0,"D008339","C04.588.149.721.450.583",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MANDIBLE.",""],["Maxillary Neoplasms",4923,0.0,"D008441","C04.588.149.721.450.601",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.",""],["Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms",9436,0.0,"D010255","C04.588.443.665.650.693",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive",31964,0.1,"D018242","C04.557.465.625.600.590",5,"Description: A group of malignant tumors of the nervous system<br>that feature primitive cells with elements of neuronal and/or<br>glial differentiation. Use of this term is limited by some<br>authors to central nervous system tumors and others include<br>neoplasms of similar origin which arise extracranially (i.e.,<br>NEUROECTODERMAL TUMORS, PRIMITIVE, PERIPHERAL). This term is also<br>occasionally used as a synonym for MEDULLOBLASTOMA. In general,<br>these tumors arise in the first decade of life and tend to be<br>highly malignant. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2059)",""],["Medulloblastoma",6253,0.0,"D008527","C04.557.470.670.380.515",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either<br>as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood<br>(see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most<br>frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical<br>location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include<br>a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a<br>tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes.<br>Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the<br>craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)",""],["Medulloblastoma",6253,0.0,"D008527","C04.557.470.670.590.500",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either<br>as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood<br>(see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most<br>frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical<br>location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include<br>a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a<br>tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes.<br>Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the<br>craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)",""],["Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive",31964,0.1,"D018242","C04.557.580.625.600.590",5,"Description: A group of malignant tumors of the nervous system<br>that feature primitive cells with elements of neuronal and/or<br>glial differentiation. Use of this term is limited by some<br>authors to central nervous system tumors and others include<br>neoplasms of similar origin which arise extracranially (i.e.,<br>NEUROECTODERMAL TUMORS, PRIMITIVE, PERIPHERAL). This term is also<br>occasionally used as a synonym for MEDULLOBLASTOMA. In general,<br>these tumors arise in the first decade of life and tend to be<br>highly malignant. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2059)",""],["Melanoma",96877,0.3,"D008545","C04.557.465.625.650.510",3,"Description: A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are<br>capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any<br>part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes<br>of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs<br>mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented<br>nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize<br>widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are<br>likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas<br>is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed;<br>from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)",""],["Melanoma",96877,0.3,"D008545","C04.557.580.625.650.510",3,"Description: A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are<br>capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any<br>part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes<br>of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs<br>mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented<br>nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize<br>widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are<br>likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas<br>is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed;<br>from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)",""],["Meningioma",17555,0.0,"D008579","C04.588.614.250.580.500",0,"Description: A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well<br>differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low<br>potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur.<br>Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal<br>region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove,<br>and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)",""],["Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous",11216,0.0,"D016410","C04.557.386.480.750.800",5,"Description: A group of lymphomas exhibiting clonal expansion of<br>malignant T-lymphocytes arrested at varying stages of<br>differentiation as well as malignant infiltration of the skin.<br>MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES; SEZARY SYNDROME; LYMPHOMATOID PAPULOSIS; and<br>PRIMARY CUTANEOUS ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA are the best<br>characterized of these disorders.",""],["Nelson Syndrome",259,0.0,"D009347","C04.588.322.609.145.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by HYPERPIGMENTATION,<br>enlarging pituitary mass, visual defects secondary to compression<br>of the OPTIC CHIASM, and elevated serum ACTH. It is caused by the<br>expansion of an underlying ACTH-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA that<br>grows in the absence of feedback inhibition by adrenal<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS, usually after ADRENALECTOMY.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.0,"D009396","C04.588.945.947.535.585",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Neurilemmoma",21305,0.1,"D009442","C04.557.465.625.650.595",2,"Description: A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the<br>cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these<br>tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft<br>tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord<br>compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated,<br>highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic<br>fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From<br>DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology,<br>5th ed, pp964-5)",""],["Neurilemmoma",21305,0.1,"D009442","C04.557.580.600.610.595",2,"Description: A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the<br>cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these<br>tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft<br>tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord<br>compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated,<br>highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic<br>fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From<br>DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology,<br>5th ed, pp964-5)",""],["Neurilemmoma",19922,0.1,"D009442","C04.557.580.625.650.595",1,"Description: A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the<br>cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these<br>tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft<br>tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord<br>compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated,<br>highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic<br>fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From<br>DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology,<br>5th ed, pp964-5)",""],["Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral",23970,0.1,"D018241","C04.557.470.670.590.650",3,"Description: A group of highly cellular primitive round cell<br>neoplasms which occur extracranially in soft tissue and bone and<br>are derived from embryonal neural crest cells. These tumors occur<br>primarily in children and adolescents and share a number of<br>characteristics with EWING SARCOMA.",""],["Neurofibromatoses",12989,0.0,"D017253","C04.557.580.600.580.590",2,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by an autosomal<br>dominant pattern of inheritance with high rates of spontaneous<br>mutation and multiple neurofibromas or neurilemmomas.<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 (generalized neurofibromatosis) accounts for<br>approximately 95% of cases, although multiple additional subtypes<br>(e.g., NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2, neurofibromatosis 3, etc.) have been<br>described. (From Neurochirurgie 1998 Nov;44(4):267-72)",""],["Neuroma, Acoustic",7136,0.0,"D009464","C04.588.614.596.240.015",0,"Description: A benign SCHWANNOMA of the eighth cranial nerve<br>(VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE), mostly arising from the vestibular<br>branch (VESTIBULAR NERVE) during the fifth or sixth decade of<br>life. Clinical manifestations include HEARING LOSS; HEADACHE;<br>VERTIGO; TINNITUS; and FACIAL PAIN. Bilateral acoustic neuromas<br>are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p673)",""],["Nevus of Ota",354,0.0,"D009507","C04.557.665.560.615.585",0,"Description: A macular lesion on the side of the FACE, involving<br>the CONJUNCTIVA and EYELIDS, as well as the adjacent facial skin,<br>SCLERA; OCULOMOTOR MUSCLES; and PERIOSTEUM. Histological features<br>vary from those of a MONGOLIAN SPOT to those of a BLUE NEVUS.",""],["Oligodendroglioma",2696,0.0,"D009837","C04.557.470.670.380.590",0,"Description: A relatively slow-growing glioma that is derived<br>from oligodendrocytes and tends to occur in the cerebral<br>hemispheres, thalamus, or lateral ventricle. They may present at<br>any age, but are most frequent in the third to fifth decades,<br>with an earlier incidence peak in the first decade.<br>Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, relatively<br>avascular, and tend to form cysts and microcalcifications.<br>Neoplastic cells tend to have small round nuclei surrounded by<br>unstained nuclei. The tumors may vary from well-differentiated to<br>highly anaplastic forms. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles<br>and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2052; Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p655)",""],["Oropharyngeal Neoplasms",9206,0.0,"D009959","C04.588.443.665.710.684",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OROPHARYNX.",""],["Osteoma",5895,0.0,"D010016","C04.557.450.565.575.625",1,"Description: A benign tumor composed of bone tissue or a hard<br>tumor of bonelike structure developing on a bone (homoplastic<br>osteoma) or on other structures (heteroplastic osteoma). (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Paget's Disease, Mammary",644,0.0,"D010144","C04.557.470.615.275.625",0,"Description: An intraductal in situ carcinoma of the breast,<br>characterized clinically by eczema-like inflammatory skin changes<br>and histologically by infiltration of the dermis by malignant<br>cells (Paget's cells).",""],["Paget Disease, Extramammary",1901,0.0,"D010145","C04.557.470.200.025.660",0,"Description: A rare cutaneous neoplasm that occurs in the<br>elderly. It develops more frequently in women and predominantly<br>involves apocrine gland-bearing areas, especially the vulva,<br>scrotum, and perianal areas. The lesions develop as erythematous<br>scaly patches that progress to crusted, pruritic, erythematous<br>plaques. The clinical differential diagnosis includes squamous<br>cell carcinoma in situ and superficial fungal infection. It is<br>generally thought to be an adenocarcinoma of the epidermis, from<br>which it extends into the contiguous epithelium of hair follicles<br>and eccrine sweat ducts. (DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles &<br>Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1478)",""],["Palatal Neoplasms",2200,0.0,"D010157","C04.588.149.721.450.692",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PALATE, including those of<br>the hard palate, soft palate and UVULA.",""],["Pancoast Syndrome",686,0.0,"D010178","C04.588.894.797.520.734",0,"Description: A condition caused by an apical lung tumor (Pancoast<br>tumor) with involvement of the nearby vertebral column and the<br>BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Symptoms include pain in the shoulder and the<br>arm, and atrophy of the hand.",""],["Parotid Neoplasms",8458,0.0,"D010307","C04.588.443.591.824.695",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PAROTID GLAND.",""],["Periodontal Cyst",1142,0.0,"D010509","C04.182.089.530.690.790",1,"Description: An epithelium-lined sac containing fluid; usually<br>found at the apex of a pulp-involved tooth. The lateral type<br>occurs less frequently along the side of the root.",""],["Pinealoma",1612,0.0,"D010871","C04.557.465.625.600.657",0,"Description: Neoplasms which originate from pineal parenchymal<br>cells that tend to enlarge the gland and be locally invasive. The<br>two major forms are pineocytoma and the more malignant<br>pineoblastoma. Pineocytomas have moderate cellularity and tend to<br>form rosette patterns. Pineoblastomas are highly cellular tumors<br>containing small, poorly differentiated cells. These tumors<br>occasionally seed the neuroaxis or cause obstructive<br>HYDROCEPHALUS or Parinaud's syndrome. GERMINOMA; CARCINOMA,<br>EMBRYONAL; GLIOMA; and other neoplasms may arise in the pineal<br>region with germinoma being the most common pineal region tumor.<br>(From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology,<br>5th ed, p2064; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p670)",""],["Pinealoma",1612,0.0,"D010871","C04.557.580.625.600.657",0,"Description: Neoplasms which originate from pineal parenchymal<br>cells that tend to enlarge the gland and be locally invasive. The<br>two major forms are pineocytoma and the more malignant<br>pineoblastoma. Pineocytomas have moderate cellularity and tend to<br>form rosette patterns. Pineoblastomas are highly cellular tumors<br>containing small, poorly differentiated cells. These tumors<br>occasionally seed the neuroaxis or cause obstructive<br>HYDROCEPHALUS or Parinaud's syndrome. GERMINOMA; CARCINOMA,<br>EMBRYONAL; GLIOMA; and other neoplasms may arise in the pineal<br>region with germinoma being the most common pineal region tumor.<br>(From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology,<br>5th ed, p2064; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p670)",""],["Pinealoma",1612,0.0,"D010871","C04.588.614.250.195.766",0,"Description: Neoplasms which originate from pineal parenchymal<br>cells that tend to enlarge the gland and be locally invasive. The<br>two major forms are pineocytoma and the more malignant<br>pineoblastoma. Pineocytomas have moderate cellularity and tend to<br>form rosette patterns. Pineoblastomas are highly cellular tumors<br>containing small, poorly differentiated cells. These tumors<br>occasionally seed the neuroaxis or cause obstructive<br>HYDROCEPHALUS or Parinaud's syndrome. GERMINOMA; CARCINOMA,<br>EMBRYONAL; GLIOMA; and other neoplasms may arise in the pineal<br>region with germinoma being the most common pineal region tumor.<br>(From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology,<br>5th ed, p2064; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p670)",""],["Pseudomyxoma Peritonei",1156,0.0,"D011553","C04.557.470.590.075.500",0,"Description: A peritoneal adenocarcinoma characterized by build-<br>up of MUCUS in the PERITONEAL CAVITY. Mucus secreting cells may<br>attach to the peritoneal lining and continue to secrete mucus.<br>The majority of cases represent tumor spread from a primary low-<br>grade mucinous neoplasm of the APPENDIX (NCI Thesaurus).",""],["Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine",247,0.0,"D011648","C04.557.470.200.025.715",0,"Description: A contagious, neoplastic, pulmonary disease of sheep<br>characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of pneumocytes and<br>epithelial cells of the lung. It is caused by JAAGSIEKTE SHEEP<br>RETROVIRUS.",""],["Retinoblastoma",7034,0.0,"D012175","C04.557.465.625.600.725",0,"Description: A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of<br>the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in<br>children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy<br>and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the<br>condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait.<br>Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round<br>polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An<br>abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC;<br>STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical<br>characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)",""],["Retinoblastoma",7034,0.0,"D012175","C04.557.580.625.600.725",0,"Description: A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of<br>the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in<br>children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy<br>and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the<br>condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait.<br>Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round<br>polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An<br>abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC;<br>STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical<br>characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)",""],["Rhabdomyoma",1279,0.0,"D012207","C04.557.450.590.540.700",0,"Description: A benign tumor derived from striated muscle. It is<br>extremely rare, generally occurring in the tongue, neck muscles,<br>larynx, uvula, nasal cavity, axilla, vulva, and heart. These<br>tumors are treated by simple excision. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita<br>Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed,<br>p1354)",""],["Rhabdomyosarcoma",9459,0.0,"D012208","C04.557.450.590.550.660",2,"Description: A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal<br>tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It<br>can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four<br>distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults;<br>alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and<br>young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL),<br>predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in<br>young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft<br>tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186;<br>DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d<br>ed, pp1647-9)",""],["Rhabdomyosarcoma",9459,0.0,"D012208","C04.557.450.795.550.660",2,"Description: A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal<br>tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It<br>can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four<br>distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults;<br>alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and<br>young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL),<br>predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in<br>young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft<br>tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186;<br>DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d<br>ed, pp1647-9)",""],["Sarcoma 180",1864,0.0,"D012510","C04.557.450.795.830.780",0,"Description: An experimental sarcoma of mice.",""],["Sarcoma 37",227,0.0,"D012511","C04.557.450.795.830.760",0,"Description: An experimental sarcoma of mice.",""],["Osteosarcoma",27266,0.1,"D012516","C04.557.450.565.575.650",2,"Description: A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells,<br>affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most<br>malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10-<br>to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Sarcoma, Ewing",6415,0.0,"D012512","C04.557.450.795.620.800",0,"Description: A malignant tumor of the bone which always arises in<br>the medullary tissue, occurring more often in cylindrical bones.<br>The tumor occurs usually before the age of 20, about twice as<br>frequently in males as in females.",""],["Mast-Cell Sarcoma",1133,0.0,"D012515","C04.557.450.565.465.124",0,"Description: A unifocal malignant tumor that consists of atypical<br>pathological MAST CELLS without systemic involvement. It causes<br>local destructive growth in organs other than in skin or bone<br>marrow.",""],["Sarcoma, Yoshida",1281,0.0,"D012517","C04.557.450.795.830.850",0,"Description: An experimental sarcoma of rats.",""],["Sertoli Cell Tumor",687,0.0,"D012707","C04.557.475.750.847.500",0,"Description: Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS<br>or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli<br>cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in<br>sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as<br>FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).",""],["Sertoli Cell Tumor",687,0.0,"D012707","C04.588.322.762.500.500",0,"Description: Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS<br>or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli<br>cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in<br>sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as<br>FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).",""],["Somatostatinoma",264,0.0,"D013005","C04.588.274.761.500.500",0,"Description: A SOMATOSTATIN-secreting tumor derived from the<br>pancreatic delta cells (SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS). It is also<br>found in the INTESTINE. Somatostatinomas are associated with<br>DIABETES MELLITUS; CHOLELITHIASIS; STEATORRHEA; and<br>HYPOCHLORHYDRIA. The majority of somatostatinomas have the<br>potential for METASTASIS.",""],["Somatostatinoma",264,0.0,"D013005","C04.588.322.475.500.500",0,"Description: A SOMATOSTATIN-secreting tumor derived from the<br>pancreatic delta cells (SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS). It is also<br>found in the INTESTINE. Somatostatinomas are associated with<br>DIABETES MELLITUS; CHOLELITHIASIS; STEATORRHEA; and<br>HYPOCHLORHYDRIA. The majority of somatostatinomas have the<br>potential for METASTASIS.",""],["Sublingual Gland Neoplasms",119,0.0,"D013362","C04.588.443.591.824.882",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the sublingual glands.",""],["Submandibular Gland Neoplasms",956,0.0,"D013365","C04.588.443.591.824.885",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SUBMANDIBULAR<br>GLAND.",""],["Mastocytosis, Cutaneous",1734,0.0,"D034701","C04.557.450.565.465.500",2,"Description: Skin lesions due to abnormal infiltration of MAST<br>CELLS. Cutaneous mastocytosis is confined to the skin without the<br>involvement of other tissues or organs, and is mostly found in<br>children. The three major variants are: URTICARIA PIGMENTOSA;<br>diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis; and SOLITARY MASTOCYTOMA OF SKIN.",""],["Epidural Neoplasms",622,0.0,"D015174","C04.588.614.250.803.342",0,"Description: Neoplasms located in the space between the vertebral<br>PERIOSTEUM and DURA MATER surrounding the SPINAL CORD. Tumors in<br>this location are most often metastatic in origin and may cause<br>neurologic deficits by mass effect on the spinal cord or nerve<br>roots or by interfering with blood supply to the spinal cord.",""],["Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine",11105,0.0,"D018278","C04.557.580.625.650.240",2,"Description: A group of carcinomas which share a characteristic<br>morphology, often being composed of clusters and trabecular<br>sheets of round \"blue cells\", granular chromatin, and an<br>attenuated rim of poorly demarcated cytoplasm. Neuroendocrine<br>tumors include carcinoids, small (\"oat\") cell carcinomas,<br>medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, Merkel cell tumor, cutaneous<br>neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic islet cell tumors, and<br>pheochromocytoma. Neurosecretory granules are found within the<br>tumor cells. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Gastrinoma",772,0.0,"D015408","C04.588.274.761.500.124",0,"Description: A GASTRIN-secreting neuroendocrine tumor of the non-<br>beta ISLET CELLS, the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS. This type of tumor<br>is primarily located in the PANCREAS or the DUODENUM. Majority of<br>gastrinomas are malignant. They metastasize to the LIVER; LYMPH<br>NODES; and BONE but rarely elsewhere. The presence of gastrinoma<br>is one of three requirements to be met for identification of<br>ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME, which sometimes occurs in families<br>with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1; (MEN 1).",""],["Gastrinoma",772,0.0,"D015408","C04.588.322.475.500.124",0,"Description: A GASTRIN-secreting neuroendocrine tumor of the non-<br>beta ISLET CELLS, the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS. This type of tumor<br>is primarily located in the PANCREAS or the DUODENUM. Majority of<br>gastrinomas are malignant. They metastasize to the LIVER; LYMPH<br>NODES; and BONE but rarely elsewhere. The presence of gastrinoma<br>is one of three requirements to be met for identification of<br>ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME, which sometimes occurs in families<br>with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1; (MEN 1).",""],["Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell",18408,0.1,"D015451","C04.557.337.428.080.125",0,"Description: A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal<br>B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients<br>presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement<br>it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those<br>predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small<br>lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same<br>disease.",""],["Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma",2821,0.0,"D015452","C04.557.337.428.600.600",0,"Description: A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children<br>and adolescents and characterized by a high number of<br>lymphoblasts and solid tumor lesions. Frequent sites involve<br>LYMPH NODES, skin, and bones. It most commonly presents as<br>leukemia.",""],["Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell",3960,0.0,"D015459","C04.557.337.428.580.100",0,"Description: Aggressive T-Cell malignancy with adult onset,<br>caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1. It is endemic in Japan,<br>the Caribbean basin, Southeastern United States, Hawaii, and<br>parts of Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell",353,0.0,"D015461","C04.557.337.428.565.750",0,"Description: A lymphoid leukemia characterized by a profound<br>LYMPHOCYTOSIS with or without LYMPHADENOPATHY,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, frequently rapid progression, and short<br>survival. It was formerly called T-cell chronic lymphocytic<br>leukemia.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell",353,0.0,"D015461","C04.557.337.428.580.075",0,"Description: A lymphoid leukemia characterized by a profound<br>LYMPHOCYTOSIS with or without LYMPHADENOPATHY,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, frequently rapid progression, and short<br>survival. It was formerly called T-cell chronic lymphocytic<br>leukemia.",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase",122,0.0,"D015465","C04.557.337.539.250.300",0,"Description: The phase of chronic myeloid leukemia following the<br>chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC-PHASE), where there are<br>increased systemic symptoms, worsening cytopenias, and refractory<br>LEUKOCYTOSIS.",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase",928,0.0,"D015466","C04.557.337.539.250.400",0,"Description: The initial phase of chronic myeloid leukemia<br>consisting of an relatively indolent period lasting from 4 to 7<br>years. Patients range from asymptomatic to those exhibiting<br>ANEMIA; SPLENOMEGALY; and increased cell turnover. There are 5%<br>or fewer blast cells in the blood and bone marrow in this phase.",""],["Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute",309,0.0,"D015471","C04.557.337.539.275.125",0,"Description: A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the primary<br>differentiation is to BASOPHILS. It is characterized by an<br>extreme increase of immature basophilic granulated cells in the<br>bone marrow and blood. Mature basophils are usually sparse.",""],["Leukemia, Eosinophilic, Acute",46,0.0,"D015472","C04.557.337.539.275.300",0,"Description: A rare acute myeloid leukemia characterized by<br>abnormal EOSINOPHILS in the bone marrow.",""],["Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute",6579,0.0,"D015473","C04.557.337.539.275.700",0,"Description: An acute myeloid leukemia in which abnormal<br>PROMYELOCYTES predominate. It is frequently associated with<br>DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.",""],["Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome",841,0.0,"D015624","C04.588.614.550.500.225",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and<br>fatigability of proximal muscles, particularly of the pelvic<br>girdle, lower extremities, trunk, and shoulder girdle. There is<br>relative sparing of extraocular and bulbar muscles. CARCINOMA,<br>SMALL CELL of the lung is a frequently associated condition,<br>although other malignancies and autoimmune diseases may be<br>associated. Muscular weakness results from impaired impulse<br>transmission at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. Presynaptic calcium<br>channel dysfunction leads to a reduced amount of acetylcholine<br>being released in response to stimulation of the nerve. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 1471)",""],["Pleural Effusion, Malignant",3494,0.0,"D016066","C04.588.894.797.640.700",0,"Description: Presence of fluid in the PLEURAL CAVITY as a<br>complication of malignant disease. Malignant pleural effusions<br>often contain actual malignant cells.",""],["Arachnoid Cysts",2454,0.0,"D016080","C04.588.614.250.387.100",0,"Description: Intracranial or spinal cavities containing a<br>cerebrospinal-like fluid, the wall of which is composed of<br>arachnoidal cells. They are most often developmental or related<br>to trauma. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to<br>arachnoidal cistern and may present with HYDROCEPHALUS; HEADACHE;<br>SEIZURES; and focal neurologic signs. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1994, Ch44, pp105-115)",""],["Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral",2278,0.0,"D016411","C04.557.386.480.750.825",0,"Description: A group of malignant lymphomas thought to derive<br>from peripheral T-lymphocytes in lymph nodes and other<br>nonlymphoid sites. They include a broad spectrum of lymphocyte<br>morphology, but in all instances express T-cell markers admixed<br>with epithelioid histiocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils.<br>Although markedly similar to large-cell immunoblastic lymphoma<br>(LYMPHOMA, LARGE-CELL, IMMUNOBLASTIC), this group's unique<br>features warrant separate treatment.",""],["Lymphoma, AIDS-Related",2200,0.0,"D016483","C04.557.386.480.150.450",0,"Description: B-cell lymphoid tumors that occur in association<br>with AIDS. Patients often present with an advanced stage of<br>disease and highly malignant subtypes including BURKITT LYMPHOMA;<br>IMMUNOBLASTIC LARGE-CELL LYMPHOMA; PRIMARY EFFUSION LYMPHOMA; and<br>DIFFUSE, LARGE B-CELL, LYMPHOMA. The tumors are often<br>disseminated in unusual extranodal sites and chromosomal<br>abnormalities are frequently present. It is likely that<br>polyclonal B-cell lymphoproliferation in AIDS is a complex result<br>of EBV infection, HIV antigenic stimulation, and T-cell-dependent<br>HIV activation.",""],["Endometrial Neoplasms",25895,0.1,"D016889","C04.588.945.418.948.585",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining<br>of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their<br>classification and grading are based on the various cell types<br>and the percent of undifferentiated cells.",""],["Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic",2674,0.0,"D017728","C04.557.386.480.750.399",0,"Description: A systemic, large-cell, non-Hodgkin, malignant<br>lymphoma characterized by cells with pleomorphic appearance and<br>expressing the CD30 ANTIGEN. These so-called \"hallmark\" cells<br>have lobulated and indented nuclei. This lymphoma is often<br>mistaken for metastatic carcinoma and MALIGNANT HISTIOCYTOSIS.",""],["Leukoplakia, Hairy",177,0.0,"D017733","C04.588.443.591.545.500",0,"Description: Epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa associated<br>with Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) and found almost<br>exclusively in persons with HIV infection. The lesion consists of<br>a white patch that is often corrugated or hairy.",""],["Nephroma, Mesoblastic",288,0.0,"D018201","C04.588.945.947.535.790",0,"Description: A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the KIDNEY composed<br>of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble FIBROBLASTS or muscle<br>cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal<br>parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases,<br>mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or<br>newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult.",""],["Pulmonary Blastoma",520,0.0,"D018202","C04.588.894.797.520.867",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm of the lung composed chiefly or<br>entirely of immature undifferentiated cells (i.e., blast forms)<br>with little or virtually no stroma. (From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal",768,0.0,"D018203","C04.557.450.795.332.500",0,"Description: A highly malignant subset of neoplasms arising from<br>the endometrial stroma. Tumors in this group infiltrate the<br>stroma with a wide range of atypia cells and numerous mitoses.<br>They are capable of widespread metastases (NEOPLASM METASTASIS).",""],["Liposarcoma, Myxoid",648,0.0,"D018208","C04.557.450.550.420.425",0,"Description: A liposarcoma containing round mesenchymal cells and<br>a myxoid extracellular matrix in stroma.",""],["Liposarcoma, Myxoid",648,0.0,"D018208","C04.557.450.795.465.425",0,"Description: A liposarcoma containing round mesenchymal cells and<br>a myxoid extracellular matrix in stroma.",""],["Chondromatosis",137,0.0,"D018210","C04.557.450.565.265.270",0,"Description: Multiple formation of chondromas. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal",373,0.0,"D018211","C04.557.450.565.280.280",0,"Description: A rare aggressive variant of chondrosarcoma,<br>characterized by a biphasic histologic pattern of small compact<br>cells intermixed with islands of cartilaginous matrix.<br>Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas have a predilection for flat bones;<br>long tubular bones are rarely affected. They tend to occur in the<br>younger age group and are highly metastatic. (DeVita Jr et al.,<br>Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1456)",""],["Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal",373,0.0,"D018211","C04.557.450.795.300.280",0,"Description: A rare aggressive variant of chondrosarcoma,<br>characterized by a biphasic histologic pattern of small compact<br>cells intermixed with islands of cartilaginous matrix.<br>Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas have a predilection for flat bones;<br>long tubular bones are rarely affected. They tend to occur in the<br>younger age group and are highly metastatic. (DeVita Jr et al.,<br>Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1456)",""],["Giant Cell Tumor of Bone",2088,0.0,"D018212","C04.557.450.565.380.380",0,"Description: A bone tumor composed of cellular spindle-cell<br>stroma containing scattered multinucleated giant cells resembling<br>osteoclasts. The tumors range from benign to frankly malignant<br>lesions. The tumor occurs most frequently in an end of a long<br>tubular bone in young adults. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Giant Cell Tumor of Bone",2088,0.0,"D018212","C04.557.450.565.575.420",0,"Description: A bone tumor composed of cellular spindle-cell<br>stroma containing scattered multinucleated giant cells resembling<br>osteoclasts. The tumors range from benign to frankly malignant<br>lesions. The tumor occurs most frequently in an end of a long<br>tubular bone in young adults. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Fibroma, Ossifying",872,0.0,"D018214","C04.557.450.565.575.400",0,"Description: A benign central bone tumor, usually of the jaws<br>(especially the mandible), composed of fibrous connective tissue<br>within which bone is formed.",""],["Osteoblastoma",640,0.0,"D018215","C04.557.450.565.575.600",0,"Description: A benign, painful, tumor of bone characterized by<br>the formation of osteoid tissue, primitive bone and calcified<br>tissue. It occurs frequently in the spine of young persons. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Osteosarcoma, Juxtacortical",130,0.0,"D018217","C04.557.450.795.620.655",0,"Description: A form of osteogenic sarcoma of relatively low<br>malignancy, probably arising from the periosteum and initially<br>involving cortical bone and adjacent connective tissue. It occurs<br>in middle-aged as well as young adults and most commonly affects<br>the lower part of the femoral shaft. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Histiocytoma",6279,0.0,"D051642","C04.557.450.565.590.425",2,"Description: A neoplasm containing HISTIOCYTES. Important forms<br>include BENIGN FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA; and MALIGNANT FIBROUS<br>HISTIOCYTOMA.",""],["Dermatofibrosarcoma",1409,0.0,"D018223","C04.557.450.795.350.320",0,"Description: A sarcoma of the deep layers of the skin. The tumors<br>are locally aggressive tends to recur but rarely metastatic. It<br>can be classified into variants depending on the cell type tumors<br>are derived from or by its characteristics: Pigmented variant<br>from MELANIN-containing DERMAL DENDRITIC CELLS; Myxoid variant,<br>myxoid STROMAL CELLS; Giant cell variant characterized by GIANT<br>CELLS in the tumors; and Fibrosarcomatous variant chracterized by<br>tumor areas histologically indistinguishable from FIBROSARCOMA.",""],["Myofibromatosis",343,0.0,"D018224","C04.557.450.565.590.550",0,"Description: A condition characterized by multiple formations of<br>myofibromas (LEIOMYOMA).",""],["Angiomyoma",588,0.0,"D018229","C04.557.450.590.450.125",0,"Description: A benign tumor consisting of vascular and smooth<br>muscle elements.",""],["Leiomyoma, Epithelioid",134,0.0,"D018230","C04.557.450.590.450.455",0,"Description: A relatively rare smooth muscle tumor found most<br>frequently in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, especially<br>in the stomach. It is similar to other smooth muscle tumors but<br>may become very large and hemorrhage and exhibit small cystic<br>areas. Simple excision is almost always curative. (From Dorland,<br>27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of<br>Oncology, 3d ed, p1354)",""],["Leiomyomatosis",1440,0.0,"D018231","C04.557.450.590.450.465",0,"Description: The state of having multiple leiomyomas throughout<br>the body. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site",314,0.0,"D018245","C04.557.465.955.207.875",0,"Description: An uncommon variant of CHORIOCARCINOMA. It is<br>composed almost entirely of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts<br>(TROPHOBLASTS). Because its secretion of hCG (CHORIONIC<br>GONADOTROPIN) is low, a large tumor may develop before the hCG<br>can be detected.",""],["Adrenocortical Adenoma",1237,0.0,"D018246","C04.588.322.078.265.500",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is<br>characterized by a well-defined nodular lesion, usually less than<br>2.5 cm. Most adrenocortical adenomas are nonfunctional. The<br>functional ones are yellow and contain LIPIDS. Depending on the<br>cell type or cortical zone involved, they may produce<br>ALDOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; and/or<br>ANDROSTENEDIONE.",""],["Acrospiroma",567,0.0,"D018250","C04.557.470.035.175.125",0,"Description: A rare cutaneous tumor of apocrine or eccrine SWEAT<br>GLAND origin. It is most commonly found on the extremities and is<br>usually benign. It appears as a solitary nodule or cyst and may<br>be solid or produce a watery discharge. It is related to POROMA<br>except in acrospiroma it does not involve the epidermis. There is<br>no indication that heredity or external agents cause these<br>tumors.",""],["Acrospiroma",567,0.0,"D018250","C04.557.470.550.175.125",0,"Description: A rare cutaneous tumor of apocrine or eccrine SWEAT<br>GLAND origin. It is most commonly found on the extremities and is<br>usually benign. It appears as a solitary nodule or cyst and may<br>be solid or produce a watery discharge. It is related to POROMA<br>except in acrospiroma it does not involve the epidermis. There is<br>no indication that heredity or external agents cause these<br>tumors.",""],["Hidrocystoma",238,0.0,"D018251","C04.557.470.035.175.375",0,"Description: A cystic form of sweat gland adenoma (ADENOMA, SWEAT<br>GLAND). It is produced by the cystic proliferation of apocrine<br>secretory glands. It is not uncommon, occurring in adult life in<br>no particular age group, with males and females equally affected.<br>The commonest site is around the eye, particularly lateral to the<br>outer canthus. It is cured by surgical removal. (Stedman, 25th<br>ed; Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2410)",""],["Hidrocystoma",238,0.0,"D018251","C04.557.470.550.175.375",0,"Description: A cystic form of sweat gland adenoma (ADENOMA, SWEAT<br>GLAND). It is produced by the cystic proliferation of apocrine<br>secretory glands. It is not uncommon, occurring in adult life in<br>no particular age group, with males and females equally affected.<br>The commonest site is around the eye, particularly lateral to the<br>outer canthus. It is cured by surgical removal. (Stedman, 25th<br>ed; Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2410)",""],["Syringoma",438,0.0,"D018252","C04.557.470.035.175.800",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the sweat glands which is usually<br>multiple and results from malformation of sweat ducts. It is<br>uncommon and more common in females than in males. It is most<br>likely to appear at adolescence, and further lesions may develop<br>during adult life. It does not appear to be hereditary. (Rook et<br>al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, pp2407-8)",""],["Syringoma",438,0.0,"D018252","C04.557.470.550.175.800",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the sweat glands which is usually<br>multiple and results from malformation of sweat ducts. It is<br>uncommon and more common in females than in males. It is most<br>likely to appear at adolescence, and further lesions may develop<br>during adult life. It does not appear to be hereditary. (Rook et<br>al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, pp2407-8)",""],["Mesothelioma, Cystic",239,0.0,"D018261","C04.557.470.035.510.515",0,"Description: A peritoneal mesothelioma affecting mainly young<br>females and producing cysts of variable size and number lined by<br>a single layer of benign mesothelial cells. The disease follows a<br>benign course and is compatible with a normal life expectancy,<br>requiring occasionally partial excision or decompression for<br>relief of pain or other symptoms. Malignant potential is<br>exceptional. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1345)",""],["Mesothelioma, Cystic",239,0.0,"D018261","C04.557.470.660.510.515",0,"Description: A peritoneal mesothelioma affecting mainly young<br>females and producing cysts of variable size and number lined by<br>a single layer of benign mesothelial cells. The disease follows a<br>benign course and is compatible with a normal life expectancy,<br>requiring occasionally partial excision or decompression for<br>relief of pain or other symptoms. Malignant potential is<br>exceptional. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1345)",""],["Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell",2938,0.0,"D018262","C04.557.470.200.025.045",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of<br>varying combinations of clear and hobnail-shaped tumor cells.<br>There are three predominant patterns described as tubulocystic,<br>solid, and papillary. These tumors, usually located in the female<br>reproductive organs, have been seen more frequently in young<br>women since 1970 as a result of the association with intrauterine<br>exposure to diethylstilbestrol. (From Holland et al., Cancer<br>Medicine, 3d ed)",""],["Adenocarcinoma, Follicular",4095,0.0,"D018263","C04.557.470.200.025.060",1,"Description: An adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland, in which the<br>cells are arranged in the form of follicles. (From Dorland, 27th<br>ed)",""],["Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous",487,0.0,"D018266","C04.557.470.200.025.105",0,"Description: A malignant tumor composed of cells showing<br>differentiation toward sebaceous epithelium. The tumor is<br>solitary, firm, somewhat raised, more or less translucent, and<br>covered with normal or slightly verrucose epidermis. It may be<br>yellow or orange. The face and scalp are the commonest sites. The<br>growth can be slow or rapid but metastasis is uncommon. Surgery<br>cures most of the cases. (From Rook et al., Textbook of<br>Dermatology, 4th ed, pp2403-4)",""],["Carcinoma, Acinar Cell",1024,0.0,"D018267","C04.557.470.200.025.215",0,"Description: A malignant tumor arising from secreting cells of a<br>racemose gland, particularly the salivary glands. Racemose (Latin<br>racemosus, full of clusters) refers, as does acinar (Latin<br>acinus, grape), to small saclike dilatations in various glands.<br>Acinar cell carcinomas are usually well differentiated and<br>account for about 13% of the cancers arising in the parotid<br>gland. Lymph node metastasis occurs in about 16% of cases. Local<br>recurrences and distant metastases many years after treatment are<br>common. This tumor appears in all age groups and is most common<br>in women. (Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d<br>ed, p1240; from DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice<br>of Oncology, 3d ed, p575)",""],["Adrenocortical Carcinoma",1986,0.0,"D018268","C04.557.470.200.025.152",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX.<br>Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic<br>(ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are<br>more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce<br>ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism<br>(CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.",""],["Adrenocortical Carcinoma",1986,0.0,"D018268","C04.588.322.078.265.750",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX.<br>Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic<br>(ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are<br>more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce<br>ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism<br>(CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.",""],["Carcinoma, Endometrioid",3213,0.0,"D018269","C04.557.470.200.025.240",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of<br>cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a<br>common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL<br>CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this<br>form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.",""],["Carcinoma, Ductal",26680,0.1,"D044584","C04.557.470.200.025.232",2,"Description: Malignant neoplasms involving the ductal systems of<br>any of a number of organs, such as the MAMMARY GLANDS, the<br>PANCREAS, the PROSTATE, or the LACRIMAL GLAND.",""],["Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast",14334,0.0,"D018270","C04.557.470.615.132.500",0,"Description: An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary<br>ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.",""],["Carcinoma, Lobular",4562,0.0,"D018275","C04.557.470.200.025.305",0,"Description: A type of BREAST CANCER where the abnormal malignant<br>cells form in the lobules, or milk-producing glands, of the<br>breast.",""],["Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid",1665,0.0,"D018277","C04.557.470.200.025.340",0,"Description: A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The<br>low-grade grow slowly, appear in any age group, and are readily<br>cured by excision. The high-grade behave aggressively, widely<br>infiltrate the salivary gland and produce lymph node and distant<br>metastases. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of<br>the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the<br>sublingual gland. They are the most common malignant tumor of the<br>parotid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of<br>Oncology, 3d ed, p575; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed,<br>p1240)",""],["Carcinoma, Skin Appendage",281,0.0,"D018280","C04.557.470.200.025.420",0,"Description: A malignant tumor of the skin appendages, which<br>include the hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and the<br>mammary glands. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Cholangiocarcinoma",11150,0.0,"D018281","C04.557.470.200.025.450",1,"Description: A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the<br>BILE DUCTS.",""],["Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous",716,0.0,"D018282","C04.557.470.590.480.225",0,"Description: A malignant cystic or semisolid tumor most often<br>occurring in the ovary. Rarely, one is solid. This tumor may<br>develop from a mucinous cystadenoma, or it may be malignant at<br>the onset. The cysts are lined with tall columnar epithelial<br>cells; in others, the epithelium consists of many layers of cells<br>that have lost normal structure entirely. In the more<br>undifferentiated tumors, one may see sheets and nests of tumor<br>cells that have very little resemblance to the parent structure.<br>(Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972, p184)",""],["Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary",792,0.0,"D018283","C04.557.470.590.480.230",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma in which the tumor elements are<br>arranged as finger-like processes or as a solid spherical nodule<br>projecting from an epithelial surface.",""],["Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous",3603,0.0,"D018284","C04.557.470.590.480.240",0,"Description: A malignant cystic or semicystic neoplasm. It often<br>occurs in the ovary and usually bilaterally. The external surface<br>is usually covered with papillary excrescences. Microscopically,<br>the papillary patterns are predominantly epithelial overgrowths<br>with differentiated and undifferentiated papillary serous<br>cystadenocarcinoma cells. Psammoma bodies may be present. The<br>tumor generally adheres to surrounding structures and produces<br>ascites. (From Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972,<br>p185)",""],["Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia",9718,0.0,"D018290","C04.557.470.200.240.250",0,"Description: A malignancy arising in uterine cervical epithelium<br>and confined thereto, representing a continuum of histological<br>changes ranging from well-differentiated CIN 1 (formerly, mild<br>dysplasia) to severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ, CIN 3. The<br>lesion arises at the squamocolumnar cell junction at the<br>transformation zone of the endocervical canal, with a variable<br>tendency to develop invasive epidermoid carcinoma, a tendency<br>that is enhanced by concomitant human papillomaviral infection.<br>(Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Cystadenoma, Mucinous",1283,0.0,"D018291","C04.557.470.035.320.225",0,"Description: A multilocular tumor with mucin secreting<br>epithelium. They are most often found in the ovary, but are also<br>found in the pancreas, appendix, and rarely, retroperitoneal and<br>in the urinary bladder. They are considered to have low-grade<br>malignant potential.",""],["Cystadenoma, Mucinous",1283,0.0,"D018291","C04.557.470.590.485.225",0,"Description: A multilocular tumor with mucin secreting<br>epithelium. They are most often found in the ovary, but are also<br>found in the pancreas, appendix, and rarely, retroperitoneal and<br>in the urinary bladder. They are considered to have low-grade<br>malignant potential.",""],["Cystadenoma, Papillary",458,0.0,"D018292","C04.557.470.035.320.230",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of the ovary.",""],["Cystadenoma, Papillary",458,0.0,"D018292","C04.557.470.590.485.230",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of the ovary.",""],["Cystadenoma, Serous",896,0.0,"D018293","C04.557.470.035.320.240",0,"Description: A cystic tumor of the ovary, containing thin, clear,<br>yellow serous fluid and varying amounts of solid tissue, with a<br>malignant potential several times greater than that of mucinous<br>cystadenoma (CYSTADENOMA, MUCINOUS). It can be unilocular,<br>parvilocular, or multilocular. It is often bilateral and<br>papillary. The cysts may vary greatly in size. (Dorland, 27th ed;<br>from Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972)",""],["Cystadenoma, Serous",896,0.0,"D018293","C04.557.470.590.485.240",0,"Description: A cystic tumor of the ovary, containing thin, clear,<br>yellow serous fluid and varying amounts of solid tissue, with a<br>malignant potential several times greater than that of mucinous<br>cystadenoma (CYSTADENOMA, MUCINOUS). It can be unilocular,<br>parvilocular, or multilocular. It is often bilateral and<br>papillary. The cysts may vary greatly in size. (Dorland, 27th ed;<br>from Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972)",""],["Ganglioglioma",957,0.0,"D018303","C04.557.470.670.380.350",0,"Description: Rare indolent tumors comprised of neoplastic glial<br>and neuronal cells which occur primarily in children and young<br>adults. Benign lesions tend to be associated with long survival<br>unless the tumor degenerates into a histologically malignant<br>form. They tend to occur in the optic nerve and white matter of<br>the brain and spinal cord.",""],["Neurocytoma",727,0.0,"D018306","C04.557.465.625.600.580",0,"Description: A benign brain tumor composed of neural elements<br>which most often arise from the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM and the walls<br>of the lateral ventricles. Immunohistochemistry and electron<br>microscopy evaluations may reveal expression of neuron specific<br>enolase and synaptophysin and cells containing microtubuli,<br>neurosecretory granules, and presynaptic vesicles. (From Acta Med<br>Port 1994 Feb;7(2):113-9)",""],["Neurocytoma",727,0.0,"D018306","C04.557.580.625.600.580",0,"Description: A benign brain tumor composed of neural elements<br>which most often arise from the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM and the walls<br>of the lateral ventricles. Immunohistochemistry and electron<br>microscopy evaluations may reveal expression of neuron specific<br>enolase and synaptophysin and cells containing microtubuli,<br>neurosecretory granules, and presynaptic vesicles. (From Acta Med<br>Port 1994 Feb;7(2):113-9)",""],["Neurocytoma",727,0.0,"D018306","C04.588.614.250.195.648",0,"Description: A benign brain tumor composed of neural elements<br>which most often arise from the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM and the walls<br>of the lateral ventricles. Immunohistochemistry and electron<br>microscopy evaluations may reveal expression of neuron specific<br>enolase and synaptophysin and cells containing microtubuli,<br>neurosecretory granules, and presynaptic vesicles. (From Acta Med<br>Port 1994 Feb;7(2):113-9)",""],["Papilloma, Inverted",1083,0.0,"D018308","C04.557.470.700.600.610",0,"Description: A mucosal tumor of the urinary bladder or nasal<br>cavity in which proliferating epithelium is invaginated beneath<br>the surface and is more smoothly rounded than in other<br>papillomas. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Gliosarcoma",682,0.0,"D018316","C04.557.470.670.380.400",0,"Description: Rare mixed tumors of the brain and rarely the spinal<br>cord which contain malignant neuroectodermal (glial) and<br>mesenchymal components, including spindle-shaped fibrosarcoma<br>cells. These tumors are highly aggressive and present primarily<br>in adults as rapidly expanding mass lesions. They may arise in<br>tissue that has been previously irradiated. (From Br J Neurosurg<br>1995 Apr;9(2):171-8)",""],["Neurofibroma, Plexiform",629,0.0,"D018318","C04.557.580.600.580.585",0,"Description: A type of neurofibroma manifesting as a diffuse<br>overgrowth of subcutaneous tissue, usually involving the face,<br>scalp, neck, and chest but occasionally occurring in the abdomen<br>or pelvis. The tumors tend to progress, and may extend along<br>nerve roots to eventually involve the spinal roots and spinal<br>cord. This process is almost always a manifestation of<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1016; J Pediatr 1997 Nov;131(5):678-82)",""],["Neurofibrosarcoma",346,0.0,"D018319","C04.557.450.795.350.590",0,"Description: A malignant tumor that arises from small cutaneous<br>nerves, is locally aggressive, and has a potential for<br>metastasis. Characteristic histopathologic features include<br>proliferating atypical spindle cells with slender wavy and<br>pointed nuclei, hypocellular areas, and areas featuring organized<br>whorls of fibroblastic proliferation. The most common primary<br>sites are the extremities, retroperitoneum, and trunk. These<br>tumors tend to present in childhood, often in association with<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles &<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p1662; Mayo Clin Proc 1990<br>Feb;65(2):164-72)",""],["Neurofibrosarcoma",346,0.0,"D018319","C04.557.580.600.580.795",0,"Description: A malignant tumor that arises from small cutaneous<br>nerves, is locally aggressive, and has a potential for<br>metastasis. Characteristic histopathologic features include<br>proliferating atypical spindle cells with slender wavy and<br>pointed nuclei, hypocellular areas, and areas featuring organized<br>whorls of fibroblastic proliferation. The most common primary<br>sites are the extremities, retroperitoneum, and trunk. These<br>tumors tend to present in childhood, often in association with<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles &<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p1662; Mayo Clin Proc 1990<br>Feb;65(2):164-72)",""],["Neurothekeoma",236,0.0,"D018321","C04.557.450.565.550.625",0,"Description: A benign myxoma of cutaneous nerve sheath origin.<br>Theke is from the Greek theke, sheath. (From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid",1170,0.0,"D018323","C04.557.645.375.370.380",0,"Description: A tumor of medium-to-large veins, composed of plump-<br>to-spindled endothelial cells that bulge into vascular spaces in<br>a tombstone-like fashion. These tumors are thought to have<br>\"borderline\" aggression, where one-third develop local<br>recurrences, but only rarely metastasize. It is unclear whether<br>the epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is truly neoplastic or an<br>exuberant tissue reaction, nor is it clear if this is equivalent<br>to Kimura's disease (see ANGIOLYMPHOID HYPERPLASIA WITH<br>EOSINOPHILIA). (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Hemangioblastoma",1353,0.0,"D018325","C04.557.645.375.380.370",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the nervous system that may occur<br>sporadically or in association with VON HIPPEL-LINDAU DISEASE. It<br>accounts for approximately 2% of intracranial tumors, arising<br>most frequently in the cerebellar hemispheres and vermis.<br>Histologically, the tumors are composed of multiple capillary and<br>sinusoidal channels lined with endothelial cells and clusters of<br>lipid-laden pseudoxanthoma cells. Usually solitary, these tumors<br>can be multiple and may also occur in the brain stem, spinal<br>cord, retina, and supratentorial compartment. Cerebellar<br>hemangioblastomas usually present in the third decade with<br>INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION, and ataxia. (From DeVita et al.,<br>Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2071-2)",""],["Nevus, Blue",863,0.0,"D018329","C04.557.665.560.615.550",0,"Description: Usually a benign tumor, that commonly presents as a<br>solitary blue nodule with spindled MELANOCYTES covered by smooth<br>SKIN. Several variants have been identified, one variant being<br>malignant. The blue color is caused by large, densely packed<br>melanocytes deep in the DERMIS of the nevus. In CHILDREN, they<br>usually occur on the BUTTOCKS and LUMBOSACRAL REGION and are<br>referred to as cellular blue nevi. Malignant blue nevi are more<br>commonly found on the SCALP.",""],["Nevus, Spindle Cell",916,0.0,"D018331","C04.557.665.560.615.625",1,"Description: A form of pigmented nevus showing intense<br>melanocytic activity around the dermo-epidermal junction. Large<br>numbers of spindle-shaped melanocytes proliferate downward toward<br>the dermis and usually a large amount of pigment is present. It<br>was first described in 1976 and the bulk of patients reported<br>have been young females with the lesions presenting on the<br>thighs. (From Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, 1992,<br>p185)",""],["Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying",235,0.0,"D018333","C04.182.089.530.690.605",0,"Description: A mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion of the jaws<br>with features of both a cyst and a solid neoplasm. It is<br>characterized microscopically by an epithelial lining showing a<br>palisaded layer of columnar basal cells, presence of ghost cell<br>keratinization, dentinoid, and calcification. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone",5273,0.0,"D018442","C04.557.386.480.150.570",0,"Description: Extranodal lymphoma of lymphoid tissue associated<br>with mucosa that is in contact with exogenous antigens. Many of<br>the sites of these lymphomas, such as the stomach, salivary<br>gland, and thyroid, are normally devoid of lymphoid tissue. They<br>acquire mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type as a result<br>of an immunologically mediated disorder.",""],["Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia",1131,0.0,"D019048","C04.557.470.200.240.500",0,"Description: A premalignant change arising in the prostatic<br>epithelium, regarded as the most important and most likely<br>precursor of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The neoplasia takes the<br>form of an intra-acinar or ductal proliferation of secretory<br>cells with unequivocal nuclear anaplasia, which corresponds to<br>nuclear grade 2 and 3 invasive prostate cancer.",""],["Optic Nerve Neoplasms",1516,0.0,"D019574","C04.588.614.596.240.240",1,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from the<br>optic nerve or its sheath. OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA is the most common<br>histologic type. Optic nerve neoplasms tend to cause unilateral<br>visual loss and an afferent pupillary defect and may spread via<br>neural pathways to the brain.",""],["Optic Nerve Glioma",506,0.0,"D020339","C04.557.470.670.380.795",0,"Description: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic<br>nerve, usually presenting in childhood.",""],["Optic Nerve Glioma",506,0.0,"D020339","C04.588.614.300.600.600",0,"Description: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic<br>nerve, usually presenting in childhood.",""],["Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System",1927,0.0,"D020786","C04.557.645.375.385.500",0,"Description: A vascular anomaly composed of a collection of<br>large, thin walled tortuous VEINS that can occur in any part of<br>the central nervous system but lack intervening nervous tissue.<br>Familial occurrence is common and has been associated with a<br>number of genes mapped to 7q, 7p and 3q. Clinical features<br>include SEIZURES; HEADACHE; STROKE; and progressive neurological<br>deficit.",""],["Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal",10995,0.0,"D021441","C04.557.470.615.132.750",0,"Description: Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It<br>accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.",""],["Choriocarcinoma, Non-gestational",143,0.0,"D031954","C04.557.465.955.207.438",0,"Description: A highly malignant CHORIOCARCINOMA derived from the<br>non-placental origin such as the totipotent cells in the TESTIS,<br>the OVARY, and the PINEAL GLAND. It produces high levels of<br>CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN and can metastasize widely through the<br>bloodstream to the lungs, brain, liver, bone, and other viscera<br>by the time of diagnosis.",""],["Mastocytosis, Systemic",1201,0.0,"D034721","C04.557.450.565.465.750",0,"Description: A group of disorders caused by the abnormal<br>proliferation of MAST CELLS in a variety of extracutaneous<br>tissues including bone marrow, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and<br>gastrointestinal tract. Systemic mastocytosis is commonly seen in<br>adults. These diseases are categorized on the basis of clinical<br>features, pathologic findings, and prognosis.",""],["Mastocytoma",381,0.0,"D034801","C04.557.450.565.465.249",1,"Description: A solid tumor consisting of a dense infiltration of<br>MAST CELLS. It is generally benign.",""],["Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma",196,0.0,"D047868","C04.588.894.797.520.933",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of pneumocytes, cells of the<br>PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Originally considered to be vascular in<br>origin, it is now classified as an epithelial tumor with several<br>elements, including solid cellular areas, papillary structure,<br>sclerotic regions, and dilated blood-filled spaces resembling<br>HEMANGIOMA.",""],["Mongolian Spot",86,0.0,"D049328","C04.557.665.560.615.530",0,"Description: A bluish-gray to gray-brown benign, melanocytic<br>nevus found usually in the LUMBOSACRAL REGION of dark-skinned<br>people, especially those of East Asian ancestry. It is usually<br>congenital or appears shortly after birth, and disappears in<br>childhood.",""],["Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic",592,0.0,"D054066","C04.557.337.428.580.049",0,"Description: A spectrum of disorders characterized by clonal<br>expansions of the peripheral blood LYMPHOCYTE populations known<br>as large granular lymphocytes which contain abundant cytoplasm<br>and azurophilic granules. Subtypes develop from either<br>CD3-negative NATURAL KILLER CELLS or CD3-positive T-CELLS. The<br>clinical course of both subtypes can vary from spontaneous<br>regression to progressive, malignant disease.",""],["Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma",2266,0.0,"D054218","C04.557.337.428.600.620",0,"Description: A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children<br>and young adults and characterized LYMPHADENOPATHY and THYMUS<br>GLAND involvement. It most frequently presents as a lymphoma, but<br>a leukemic progression in the bone marrow is common.",""],["Solitary Fibrous Tumors",1748,0.0,"D054364","C04.557.450.565.590.797",1,"Description: Rare neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, usually<br>benign, and most commonly involving the PLEURA (see SOLITARY<br>FIBROUS TUMOR, PLEURAL). They also are found in extrapleural<br>sites.",""],["Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Pleural",358,0.0,"D054363","C04.588.894.797.640.800",0,"Description: A rare neoplasm, usually benign, derived from<br>mesenchymal fibroblasts located in the submesothelial lining of<br>the PLEURA. It spite of its various synonyms, it has no features<br>of mesothelial cells and is not related to malignant MESOTHELIOMA<br>or asbestos exposure.",""],["Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell",1525,0.0,"D054391","C04.557.386.480.750.199",0,"Description: An extranodal neoplasm, usually possessing an NK-<br>cell phenotype and associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS. These<br>lymphomas exhibit a broad morphologic spectrum, frequent<br>necrosis, angioinvasion, and most commonly present in the<br>midfacial region, but also in other extranodal sites.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell",76,0.0,"D054403","C04.557.337.428.080.562",0,"Description: A neoplasm of prolymphocytes affecting the blood,<br>bone marrow, and spleen. It is characterized by prolymphocytes<br>exceeding 55% of the lymphoid cells in the blood and profound<br>splenomegaly.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell",76,0.0,"D054403","C04.557.337.428.565.745",0,"Description: A neoplasm of prolymphocytes affecting the blood,<br>bone marrow, and spleen. It is characterized by prolymphocytes<br>exceeding 55% of the lymphoid cells in the blood and profound<br>splenomegaly.",""],["Lymphoma, Primary Effusion",454,0.0,"D054685","C04.557.386.480.150.592",0,"Description: A rare neoplasm of large B-cells usually presenting<br>as serious effusions without detectable tumor masses. The most<br>common sites of involvement are the pleural, pericardial, and<br>peritoneal cavities. It is associated with HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8,<br>most often occurring in the setting of immunodeficiency.",""],["Multiple Pulmonary Nodules",1501,0.0,"D055613","C04.588.894.797.520.237",0,"Description: A number of small lung lesions characterized by<br>small round masses of 2- to 3-mm in diameter. They are usually<br>detected by chest CT scans (COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY). Such<br>nodules can be associated with metastases of malignancies inside<br>or outside the lung, benign granulomas, or other lesions.",""],["Meningeal Carcinomatosis",814,0.0,"D055756","C04.588.614.250.580.150",0,"Description: Primary or secondary neoplasm in the ARACHNOID or<br>SUBARACHNOID SPACE. It appears as a diffuse fibrotic thickening<br>of the MENINGES associated with variable degrees of inflammation.",""],["Colloid Cysts",290,0.0,"D056364","C04.588.614.250.387.200",0,"Description: Benign, congenital, neuroepithelial cysts that are<br>typically filled with a viscous mucus. They usually arise in the<br>anterior portion of the THIRD VENTRICLE between the fornices.",""],["Carney Complex",252,0.0,"D056733","C04.557.450.565.550.312",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by cardiac<br>and cutaneous MYXOMAS; LENTIGINOSIS (spotty pigmentation of the<br>skin), and endocrinopathy and its associated endocrine tumors.<br>The cardiac myxomas may lead to SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH and other<br>complications in Carney complex patients. The gene coding for the<br>PRKAR1A protein is one of the causative genetic loci (type 1). A<br>second locus is at chromosome 2p16 (type 2).",""],["Eccrine Porocarcinoma",178,0.0,"D057090","C04.557.470.200.025.500",0,"Description: A rare malignant neoplasm of the sweat glands. It<br>most often develops as a form of degenerative progression from a<br>benign ECCRINE POROMA.",""],["Poroma",174,0.0,"D057091","C04.557.470.035.175.588",0,"Description: A benign adnexal neoplasm derived from cells of the<br>terminal duct of eccrine or apocrine SWEAT GLAND lineage. They<br>typically manifest as solitary papules and occur only in the skin<br>but unlike in ACROSPIROMA involves the epidermis.",""],["Poroma",174,0.0,"D057091","C04.557.470.550.175.588",0,"Description: A benign adnexal neoplasm derived from cells of the<br>terminal duct of eccrine or apocrine SWEAT GLAND lineage. They<br>typically manifest as solitary papules and occur only in the skin<br>but unlike in ACROSPIROMA involves the epidermis.",""],["Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma",186,0.0,"D058527","C04.557.386.480.750.099",0,"Description: A primary peripheral T-cell lymphoma in the<br>gastrointestinal tract, most often in the jejunum, associated<br>with a history of CELIAC DISEASE or other gastrointestinal<br>diseases.",""],["Cystadenofibroma",81,0.0,"D062625","C04.557.470.625.050.500",0,"Description: Benign or borderline malignant neoplasm of the ovary<br>and surrounding tissues. It is characterized by tumor(s) with<br>cystic glands which are lined by cuboidal EPITHELIAL CELLS with<br>clear cytoplasm, resembling ENDOMETRIUM cells. The glands are<br>separated by fibroblastic STROMAL CELLS.",""],["Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor",127,0.0,"D062688","C04.557.470.200.450.500",0,"Description: Exophytic tumor of the anogenital region associated<br>with HPV infections. It becomes a large cauliflower-like,<br>hyperkeratotic, verrucous mass that is locally destructive with<br>little atypical cells. Histologically, tumor cells are broad rete<br>peg structures that tend to invade deeper than CONDYLOMATA<br>ACUMINATA.",""],["Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor",127,0.0,"D062688","C04.557.470.700.450.500",0,"Description: Exophytic tumor of the anogenital region associated<br>with HPV infections. It becomes a large cauliflower-like,<br>hyperkeratotic, verrucous mass that is locally destructive with<br>little atypical cells. Histologically, tumor cells are broad rete<br>peg structures that tend to invade deeper than CONDYLOMATA<br>ACUMINATA.",""],["Lipoblastoma",157,0.0,"D062689","C04.557.450.550.400.500",0,"Description: Benign tumors of fatty tissues found in infancy and<br>childhood. It is associated chromosomal aberrations that result<br>in activation of an oncogene on chromosome band 8q12.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant",5826,0.0,"D064129","C04.588.945.440.770.500",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in<br>the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such<br>as TESTOSTERONE.",""],["Adenocarcinoma in Situ",213,0.0,"D065311","C04.557.470.200.025.014",0,"Description: A lesion with cytological characteristics associated<br>with invasive adenocarcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to<br>the GLANDULAR EPITHELIAL CELLS of origin. Adenocarcinoma in situ<br>of the CERVIX and the LUNG are the most common.",""],["Adenocarcinoma in Situ",213,0.0,"D065311","C04.557.470.200.240.124",0,"Description: A lesion with cytological characteristics associated<br>with invasive adenocarcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to<br>the GLANDULAR EPITHELIAL CELLS of origin. Adenocarcinoma in situ<br>of the CERVIX and the LUNG are the most common.",""],["Lymphoma, B-Cell",50935,0.1,"D016393","C04.557.386.480.150",7,"Description: A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally<br>expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant<br>transformations of B-lymphocytes.",""],["Mammary Analogue Secretory Carcinoma",111,0.0,"D000069295","C04.557.470.200.588",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells of the<br>SALIVARY GLANDS, with microcystic architecture, low-grade nuclei,<br>and granular vacuolated cytoplasm.",""],["Giant Cell Tumors",6982,0.0,"D005870","C04.557.450.565.380",3,"Description: Tumors of bone tissue or synovial or other soft<br>tissue characterized by the presence of giant cells. The most<br>common are giant cell tumor of tendon sheath and GIANT CELL TUMOR<br>OF BONE.",""],["Neoplasms, Fibrous Tissue",39593,0.1,"D018218","C04.557.450.565.590",21,"Description: Neoplasms composed of fibrous tissue, the ordinary<br>connective tissue of the body, made up largely of yellow or white<br>fibers. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in<br>fibrous tissue.",""],["Carcinoma in Situ",31514,0.1,"D002278","C04.557.470.200.240",6,"Description: A lesion with cytological characteristics associated<br>with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the<br>epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane.",""],["Adenoma, Sweat Gland",2527,0.0,"D006607","C04.557.470.035.175",5,"Description: A benign neoplasm derived from epithelial cells of<br>sweat glands. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Adenoma, Sweat Gland",2527,0.0,"D006607","C04.557.470.550.175",5,"Description: A benign neoplasm derived from epithelial cells of<br>sweat glands. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Adenocarcinoma",404130,1.1,"D000230","C04.557.470.200.025",52,"Description: A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular<br>organization.",""],["Lung Neoplasms",324757,0.9,"D008175","C04.588.894.797.520",11,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.",""],["Carcinoma, Squamous Cell",126696,0.4,"D002294","C04.557.470.200.400",3,"Description: A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS<br>EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or<br>columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Chondrosarcoma",6145,0.0,"D002813","C04.557.450.565.280",2,"Description: A slowly growing malignant neoplasm derived from<br>cartilage cells, occurring most frequently in pelvic bones or<br>near the ends of long bones, in middle-aged and old people. Most<br>chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a<br>preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion or in patients with<br>ENCHONDROMATOSIS. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Chondrosarcoma",6145,0.0,"D002813","C04.557.450.795.300",2,"Description: A slowly growing malignant neoplasm derived from<br>cartilage cells, occurring most frequently in pelvic bones or<br>near the ends of long bones, in middle-aged and old people. Most<br>chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a<br>preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion or in patients with<br>ENCHONDROMATOSIS. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial",2303,0.0,"D000077216","C04.557.470.200.295",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the<br>surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of<br>ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary<br>serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional<br>cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1,<br>RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial",2303,0.0,"D000077216","C04.588.322.455.199",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the<br>surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of<br>ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary<br>serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional<br>cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1,<br>RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Thyroid Cancer, Papillary",2379,0.0,"D000077273","C04.588.322.894.400",0,"Description: An ADENOCARCINOMA that originates from follicular<br>cells of the THYROID GLAND and accounts for the majority of<br>THYROID CANCER cases. Cells exhibit enlarged, oval, or elongated<br>morphologies with clear, round, nuclei. Fusions of RET, NTRK1,<br>TPM3, and PCM1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Thyroid Cancer, Papillary",2379,0.0,"D000077273","C04.588.443.915.400",0,"Description: An ADENOCARCINOMA that originates from follicular<br>cells of the THYROID GLAND and accounts for the majority of<br>THYROID CANCER cases. Cells exhibit enlarged, oval, or elongated<br>morphologies with clear, round, nuclei. Fusions of RET, NTRK1,<br>TPM3, and PCM1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma",2059,0.0,"D000077274","C04.557.470.200.623",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the<br>NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous<br>cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY<br>ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian<br>populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS.<br>Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been<br>identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA,<br>KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.",""],["Pharyngeal Neoplasms",38756,0.1,"D010610","C04.588.443.665.710",5,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PHARYNX.",""],["Carcinoma, Squamous Cell",122524,0.3,"D002294","C04.557.470.700.400",2,"Description: A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS<br>EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or<br>columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Esophageal Neoplasms",57385,0.2,"D004938","C04.588.274.476.205",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma",2759,0.0,"D000077277","C04.588.443.353.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on<br>the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor<br>cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid<br>lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes<br>are associated with this cancer.",""],["Myopericytoma",32,0.0,"D000077777","C04.557.450.565.545",0,"Description: Rare myofibroma-like perivascular soft tissue tumor,<br>usually benign, characterized by concentric perivascular<br>proliferation.",""],["Myopericytoma",32,0.0,"D000077777","C04.557.645.380.500",0,"Description: Rare myofibroma-like perivascular soft tissue tumor,<br>usually benign, characterized by concentric perivascular<br>proliferation.",""],["Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms",304,0.0,"D000077779","C04.557.470.615.665",0,"Description: EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS with pancreatic ductal<br>differentiation that arise from the EXOCRINE PANCREAS and grow<br>mostly within the PANCREATIC DUCTS. They are characterized by the<br>presence of intraductal masses with mostly papillary growth<br>pattern. Overt production of MUCIN within the pancreatic duct is<br>associated with pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous<br>neoplasm but not intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm.",""],["Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms",304,0.0,"D000077779","C04.588.274.761.875",0,"Description: EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS with pancreatic ductal<br>differentiation that arise from the EXOCRINE PANCREAS and grow<br>mostly within the PANCREATIC DUCTS. They are characterized by the<br>presence of intraductal masses with mostly papillary growth<br>pattern. Overt production of MUCIN within the pancreatic duct is<br>associated with pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous<br>neoplasm but not intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm.",""],["Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms",304,0.0,"D000077779","C04.588.322.475.875",0,"Description: EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS with pancreatic ductal<br>differentiation that arise from the EXOCRINE PANCREAS and grow<br>mostly within the PANCREATIC DUCTS. They are characterized by the<br>presence of intraductal masses with mostly papillary growth<br>pattern. Overt production of MUCIN within the pancreatic duct is<br>associated with pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous<br>neoplasm but not intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm.",""],["Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial",140387,0.4,"D018302","C04.557.465.625.600",21,"Description: Neoplasms composed of neuroepithelial cells, which<br>have the capacity to differentiate into NEURONS,<br>oligodendrocytes, and ASTROCYTES. The majority of craniospinal<br>tumors are of neuroepithelial origin. (From Dev Biol 1998 Aug<br>1;200(1):1-5)",""],["Glioma",95614,0.3,"D005910","C04.557.470.670.380",10,"Description: Benign and malignant central nervous system<br>neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes,<br>oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to<br>astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see<br>GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas<br>(OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation<br>to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts<br>of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic<br>Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)",""],["Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial",140387,0.4,"D018302","C04.557.580.625.600",21,"Description: Neoplasms composed of neuroepithelial cells, which<br>have the capacity to differentiate into NEURONS,<br>oligodendrocytes, and ASTROCYTES. The majority of craniospinal<br>tumors are of neuroepithelial origin. (From Dev Biol 1998 Aug<br>1;200(1):1-5)",""],["Brain Neoplasms",163989,0.5,"D001932","C04.588.614.250.195",13,"Description: Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the<br>central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal<br>ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum.<br>Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from<br>brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary<br>neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In<br>general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset,<br>histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.",""],["Warburg Effect, Oncologic",99,0.0,"D000082802","C04.697.098.500.580",0,"Description: An observation in neoplastic cellular<br>transformation, characterized by an increased glucose uptake via<br>glycolytic activities resulting in an increased LACTATE<br>production under aerobic microenvironment.",""],["Intestinal Neoplasms",266228,0.8,"D007414","C04.588.274.476.411",15,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES.",""],["Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastoma",43,0.0,"D000084122","C04.588.894.309.250",0,"Description: Primary tumors, predominantly of the CARDIAC VALVES,<br>characterized by multiple papillary frond structures. Although<br>histologically benign, they may result in complications (e.g.,<br>valve dysfunction, EMBOLISM; STROKE; and SUDDEN DEATH).",""],["Mesothelioma",14777,0.0,"D008654","C04.557.470.035.510",2,"Description: A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum,<br>pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with<br>some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and<br>other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas<br>have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Mesothelioma",14777,0.0,"D008654","C04.557.470.660.510",2,"Description: A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum,<br>pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with<br>some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and<br>other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas<br>have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Pleural Neoplasms",14578,0.0,"D010997","C04.588.894.797.640",3,"Description: Neoplasms of the thin serous membrane that envelopes<br>the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity. Pleural neoplasms are<br>exceedingly rare and are usually not diagnosed until they are<br>advanced because in the early stages they produce no symptoms.",""],["Adenofibroma",1194,0.0,"D000232","C04.557.470.625.050",1,"Description: A benign neoplasm composed of glandular and fibrous<br>tissues, with a relatively large proportion of glands. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Neuroendocrine Tumors",180001,0.5,"D018358","C04.557.465.625.650",25,"Description: Tumors whose cells possess secretory granules and<br>originate from the neuroectoderm, i.e., the cells of the<br>ectoblast or epiblast that program the neuroendocrine system.<br>Common properties across most neuroendocrine tumors include<br>ectopic hormone production (often via APUD CELLS), the presence<br>of tumor-associated antigens, and isozyme composition.",""],["Adenoma, Basophil",98,0.0,"D000237","C04.557.470.035.075",0,"Description: A small tumor of the anterior lobe of the pituitary<br>gland whose cells stain with basic dyes. It may give rise to<br>excessive secretion of ACTH, resulting in CUSHING SYNDROME.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Neuroendocrine Tumors",178014,0.5,"D018358","C04.557.580.625.650",22,"Description: Tumors whose cells possess secretory granules and<br>originate from the neuroectoderm, i.e., the cells of the<br>ectoblast or epiblast that program the neuroendocrine system.<br>Common properties across most neuroendocrine tumors include<br>ectopic hormone production (often via APUD CELLS), the presence<br>of tumor-associated antigens, and isozyme composition.",""],["Adenoma, Chromophobe",958,0.0,"D000238","C04.557.470.035.095",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the anterior pituitary in which<br>the cells do not stain with acidic or basic dyes.",""],["Adenoma, Acidophil",297,0.0,"D000239","C04.557.470.035.025",0,"Description: A benign tumor, usually found in the anterior lobe<br>of the pituitary gland, whose cells stain with acid dyes. Such<br>pituitary tumors may give rise to excessive secretion of growth<br>hormone, resulting in gigantism or acromegaly. A specific type of<br>acidophil adenoma may give rise to nonpuerperal galactorrhea.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms",8677,0.0,"D000306","C04.588.322.078.265",2,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the ADRENAL CORTEX.",""],["Adrenal Rest Tumor",255,0.0,"D000314","C04.557.470.035.232",0,"Description: Neoplasm derived from displaced cells (rest cells)<br>of the primordial ADRENAL GLANDS, generally in patients with<br>CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA. Adrenal rest tumors have been<br>identified in TESTES; LIVER; and other tissues. They are<br>dependent on ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN for growth and adrenal steroid<br>secretion.",""],["Apudoma",332,0.0,"D001079","C04.557.470.035.250",0,"Description: A general term collectively applied to tumors<br>associated with the APUD CELLS series, irrespective of their<br>specific identification.",""],["Avian Leukosis",1162,0.0,"D001353","C04.557.337.372.216",0,"Description: A group of transmissible viral diseases of chickens<br>and turkeys. Liver tumors are found in most forms, but tumors can<br>be found elsewhere.",""],["Sarcoma, Experimental",11550,0.0,"D012513","C04.557.450.795.830",4,"Description: Experimentally induced neoplasms of CONNECTIVE<br>TISSUE in animals to provide a model for studying human SARCOMA.",""],["Odontogenic Cysts",6451,0.0,"D009807","C04.182.089.530.690",5,"Description: Cysts found in the jaws and arising from epithelium<br>involved in tooth formation. They include follicular cysts (e.g.,<br>primordial cyst, dentigerous cyst, multilocular cyst), lateral<br>periodontal cysts, and radicular cysts. They may become<br>keratinized (odontogenic keratocysts). Follicular cysts may give<br>rise to ameloblastomas and, in rare cases, undergo malignant<br>transformation.",""],["Carcinoma, Basal Cell",16120,0.0,"D002280","C04.557.470.200.165",1,"Description: A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes<br>but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction.<br>Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial,<br>morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-<br>bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately<br>85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on<br>the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles &<br>Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471)",""],["Carcinoma, Basal Cell",16120,0.0,"D002280","C04.557.470.565.165",1,"Description: A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes<br>but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction.<br>Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial,<br>morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-<br>bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately<br>85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on<br>the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles &<br>Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471)",""],["Bile Duct Neoplasms",18910,0.1,"D001650","C04.588.274.120.250",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neoplasms",58489,0.2,"D001749","C04.588.945.947.960",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive",21320,0.1,"D015464","C04.557.337.539.250",3,"Description: Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired<br>genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID<br>CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other<br>organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent,<br>chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7<br>years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase<br>(LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.",""],["Blast Crisis",1776,0.0,"D001752","C04.697.098.500.110",0,"Description: An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia,<br>characterized by a rapid increase in the proportion of immature<br>white blood cells (blasts) in the blood and bone marrow to<br>greater than 30%.",""],["Brenner Tumor",583,0.0,"D001948","C04.557.470.625.150",0,"Description: A smooth, solid or cystic fibroepithelial<br>(FIBROEPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS) tumor, usually found in the OVARIES<br>but can also be found in the adnexal region and the KIDNEYS. It<br>consists of a fibrous stroma with nests of epithelial cells that<br>sometimes resemble the transitional cells lining the urinary<br>bladder. Brenner tumors generally are benign and asymptomatic.<br>Malignant Brenner tumors have been reported.",""],["Carcinoma 256, Walker",2039,0.0,"D002279","C04.557.435.290.210",0,"Description: A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that<br>originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a<br>pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young<br>transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Carcinosarcoma",5150,0.0,"D002296","C04.557.450.795.290",1,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that contains elements of<br>carcinoma and sarcoma so extensively intermixed as to indicate<br>neoplasia of epithelial and mesenchymal tissue. (Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Basosquamous",412,0.0,"D002281","C04.557.470.200.170",0,"Description: A skin carcinoma that histologically exhibits both<br>basal and squamous elements. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Basosquamous",412,0.0,"D002281","C04.557.470.565.170",0,"Description: A skin carcinoma that histologically exhibits both<br>basal and squamous elements. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating",8920,0.0,"D002285","C04.557.470.615.275",1,"Description: A noninvasive (noninfiltrating) carcinoma of the<br>breast characterized by a proliferation of malignant epithelial<br>cells confined to the mammary ducts or lobules, without light-<br>microscopy evidence of invasion through the basement membrane<br>into the surrounding stroma.",""],["Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor",8255,0.0,"D002286","C04.557.470.200.200",0,"Description: A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant<br>tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma<br>in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.",""],["Carcinoma, Krebs 2",251,0.0,"D002287","C04.557.470.200.255",0,"Description: A transplantable neoplasm of mice.",""],["Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous",9224,0.0,"D002288","C04.557.470.590.075",1,"Description: An adenocarcinoma producing mucin in significant<br>amounts. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Papillary",14590,0.0,"D002291","C04.557.470.200.360",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation<br>of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma<br>that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial<br>cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Papillary",14590,0.0,"D002291","C04.557.470.700.360",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation<br>of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma<br>that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial<br>cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Kidney Neoplasms",119344,0.3,"D007680","C04.588.945.947.535",5,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.",""],["Carcinoma, Transitional Cell",19175,0.1,"D002295","C04.557.470.200.430",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL<br>EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER;<br>URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS.",""],["Cell Transformation, Viral",7353,0.0,"D002472","C04.697.098.500.160",0,"Description: An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes<br>in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface<br>properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.",""],["Uterine Neoplasms",140948,0.4,"D014594","C04.588.945.418.948",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.",""],["Adenoma, Bile Duct",1183,0.0,"D002759","C04.557.470.035.085",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the intrahepatic bile ducts.",""],["Chondroblastoma",1042,0.0,"D002804","C04.557.450.565.250",0,"Description: A usually benign tumor composed of cells which arise<br>from chondroblasts or their precursors and which tend to<br>differentiate into cartilage cells. It occurs primarily in the<br>epiphyses of adolescents. It is relatively rare and represents<br>less than 2% of all primary bone tumors. The peak incidence is in<br>the second decade of life; it is about twice as common in males<br>as in females. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer<br>Medicine, 3d ed, p1846)",""],["Chondroma",3509,0.0,"D002812","C04.557.450.565.265",1,"Description: A benign neoplasm derived from mesodermal cells that<br>form cartilage. It may remain within the substance of a cartilage<br>or bone (true chondroma or enchondroma) or may develop on the<br>surface of a cartilage (ecchondroma or ecchondrosis). (Dorland,<br>27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Gestational Trophoblastic Disease",5691,0.0,"D031901","C04.557.465.955.416",2,"Description: A group of diseases arising from pregnancy that are<br>commonly associated with hyperplasia of trophoblasts<br>(TROPHOBLAST) and markedly elevated human CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN.<br>They include HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, invasive mole (HYDATIDIFORM MOLE,<br>INVASIVE), placental-site trophoblastic tumor (TROPHOBLASTIC<br>TUMOR, PLACENTAL SITE), and CHORIOCARCINOMA. These neoplasms have<br>varying propensities for invasion and spread.",""],["Hydatidiform Mole",4437,0.0,"D006828","C04.850.908.416.750",1,"Description: Trophoblastic hyperplasia associated with normal<br>gestation, or molar pregnancy. It is characterized by the<br>swelling of the CHORIONIC VILLI and elevated human CHORIONIC<br>GONADOTROPIN. Hydatidiform moles or molar pregnancy may be<br>categorized as complete or partial based on their gross<br>morphology, histopathology, and karyotype.",""],["Choriocarcinoma",5630,0.0,"D002822","C04.557.465.955.207",2,"Description: A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors.<br>Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no<br>CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated<br>cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is<br>characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN<br>produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses:<br>placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin<br>(CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL).",""],["Choroid Neoplasms",5090,0.0,"D002830","C04.588.364.978.223",0,"Description: Tumors of the choroid; most common intraocular<br>tumors are malignant melanomas of the choroid. These usually<br>occur after puberty and increase in incidence with advancing age.<br>Most malignant melanomas of the uveal tract develop from benign<br>melanomas (nevi).",""],["Cranial Nerve Neoplasms",12327,0.0,"D003390","C04.588.614.596.240",3,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from one<br>or more of the twelve cranial nerves.",""],["Craniopharyngioma",4006,0.0,"D003397","C04.557.465.625.200",0,"Description: A benign pituitary-region neoplasm that originates<br>from Rathke's pouch. The two major histologic and clinical<br>subtypes are adamantinous (or classical) craniopharyngioma and<br>papillary craniopharyngioma. The adamantinous form presents in<br>children and adolescents as an expanding cystic lesion in the<br>pituitary region. The cystic cavity is filled with a black<br>viscous substance and histologically the tumor is composed of<br>adamantinomatous epithelium and areas of calcification and<br>necrosis. Papillary craniopharyngiomas occur in adults, and<br>histologically feature a squamous epithelium with papillations.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch14, p50)",""],["Craniopharyngioma",4006,0.0,"D003397","C04.557.580.625.200",0,"Description: A benign pituitary-region neoplasm that originates<br>from Rathke's pouch. The two major histologic and clinical<br>subtypes are adamantinous (or classical) craniopharyngioma and<br>papillary craniopharyngioma. The adamantinous form presents in<br>children and adolescents as an expanding cystic lesion in the<br>pituitary region. The cystic cavity is filled with a black<br>viscous substance and histologically the tumor is composed of<br>adamantinomatous epithelium and areas of calcification and<br>necrosis. Papillary craniopharyngiomas occur in adults, and<br>histologically feature a squamous epithelium with papillations.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch14, p50)",""],["Cystadenocarcinoma",6870,0.0,"D003536","C04.557.470.590.480",3,"Description: A malignant neoplasm derived from glandular<br>epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions<br>are formed. The neoplastic cells manifest varying degrees of<br>anaplasia and invasiveness, and local extension and metastases<br>occur. Cystadenocarcinomas develop frequently in the ovaries,<br>where pseudomucinous and serous types are recognized. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Cystadenoma",5483,0.0,"D003537","C04.557.470.035.320",3,"Description: A benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium,<br>in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed.<br>In some instances, considerable portions of the neoplasm, or even<br>the entire mass, may be cystic. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Cystadenoma",5483,0.0,"D003537","C04.557.470.590.485",3,"Description: A benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium,<br>in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed.<br>In some instances, considerable portions of the neoplasm, or even<br>the entire mass, may be cystic. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Phyllodes Tumor",1943,0.0,"D003557","C04.557.450.795.650",0,"Description: A type of connective tissue neoplasm typically<br>arising from intralobular stroma of the breast. It is<br>characterized by the rapid enlargement of an asymmetric firm<br>mobile mass. Histologically, its leaf-like stromal clefts are<br>lined by EPITHELIAL CELLS. Rare phyllodes tumor of the prostate<br>is also known.",""],["Dermoid Cyst",4330,0.0,"D003884","C04.557.465.910.250",0,"Description: A tumor consisting of displaced ectodermal<br>structures along the lines of embryonic fusion, the wall being<br>formed of epithelium-lined connective tissue, including skin<br>appendages, and containing keratin, sebum, and hair. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Islet Cell",2295,0.0,"D018273","C04.588.274.761.500",4,"Description: A primary malignant neoplasm of the pancreatic ISLET<br>CELLS. Usually it involves the non-INSULIN-producing cell types,<br>the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and the pancreatic delta cells<br>(SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS) in GLUCAGONOMA and<br>SOMATOSTATINOMA, respectively.",""],["Carcinoma, Islet Cell",2295,0.0,"D018273","C04.588.322.475.500",4,"Description: A primary malignant neoplasm of the pancreatic ISLET<br>CELLS. Usually it involves the non-INSULIN-producing cell types,<br>the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and the pancreatic delta cells<br>(SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS) in GLUCAGONOMA and<br>SOMATOSTATINOMA, respectively.",""],["Dysgerminoma",4159,0.0,"D004407","C04.557.465.330.300",0,"Description: A malignant ovarian neoplasm, thought to be derived<br>from primordial germ cells of the sexually undifferentiated<br>embryonic gonad. It is the counterpart of the classical seminoma<br>of the testis, to which it is both grossly and histologically<br>identical. Dysgerminomas comprise 16% of all germ cell tumors but<br>are rare before the age of 10, although nearly 50% occur before<br>the age of 20. They are generally considered of low-grade<br>malignancy but may spread if the tumor extends through its<br>capsule and involves lymph nodes or blood vessels. (Dorland, 27th<br>ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology,<br>3d ed, p1646)",""],["Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome",889,0.0,"D004416","C04.557.665.560.260",0,"Description: Clinically atypical nevi (usually exceeding 5 mm in<br>diameter and having variable pigmentation and ill defined<br>borders) with an increased risk for development of non-familial<br>cutaneous malignant melanoma. Biopsies show melanocytic<br>dysplasia. Nevi are clinically and histologically identical to<br>the precursor lesions for melanoma in the B-K mole syndrome.<br>(Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Ear Neoplasms",4968,0.0,"D004428","C04.588.443.665.312",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of any part of the hearing and<br>equilibrium system of the body (the EXTERNAL EAR, the MIDDLE EAR,<br>and the INNER EAR).",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute",55305,0.2,"D015470","C04.557.337.539.275",7,"Description: Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow,<br>blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes<br>in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS;<br>EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.",""],["Neoplasms, Bone Tissue",40022,0.1,"D018213","C04.557.450.565.575",11,"Description: Neoplasms composed of bony tissue, whether normal or<br>of a soft tissue which has become ossified. The concept does not<br>refer to neoplasms located in bones.",""],["Eyelid Neoplasms",4284,0.0,"D005142","C04.588.443.392.500",0,"Description: Tumors of cancer of the EYELIDS.",""],["Fallopian Tube Neoplasms",2929,0.0,"D005185","C04.588.945.418.365",0,"Description: Benign or malignant neoplasms of the FALLOPIAN<br>TUBES. They are uncommon. If they develop, they may be located in<br>the wall or within the lumen as a growth attached to the wall by<br>a stalk.",""],["Fibrosarcoma",10258,0.0,"D005354","C04.557.450.795.350",2,"Description: A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue,<br>characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts<br>with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally<br>and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Gallbladder Neoplasms",9145,0.0,"D005706","C04.588.274.120.401",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.",""],["Ganglioneuroma",2325,0.0,"D005729","C04.557.470.670.355",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm that usually arises from the<br>sympathetic trunk in the mediastinum. Histologic features include<br>spindle cell proliferation (resembling a neurofibroma) and the<br>presence of large ganglion cells. The tumor may present<br>clinically with HORNER SYNDROME or diarrhea due to ectopic<br>production of vasoactive intestinal peptide. (From DeVita et al.,<br>Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p966)",""],["Adenomatous Polyps",7160,0.0,"D018256","C04.557.470.035.215",2,"Description: Benign neoplasms derived from glandular epithelium.<br>(From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Gingival Neoplasms",1929,0.0,"D005887","C04.588.443.591.402",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the GINGIVA.",""],["Granulosa Cell Tumor",2192,0.0,"D006106","C04.557.475.750.656",0,"Description: A neoplasm composed entirely of GRANULOSA CELLS,<br>occurring mostly in the OVARY. In the adult form, it may contain<br>some THECA CELLS. This tumor often produces ESTRADIOL and<br>INHIBIN. The excess estrogen exposure can lead to other<br>malignancies in women and PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY in girls. In rare<br>cases, granulosa cell tumors have been identified in the TESTES.",""],["Granulosa Cell Tumor",2192,0.0,"D006106","C04.588.322.455.398",0,"Description: A neoplasm composed entirely of GRANULOSA CELLS,<br>occurring mostly in the OVARY. In the adult form, it may contain<br>some THECA CELLS. This tumor often produces ESTRADIOL and<br>INHIBIN. The excess estrogen exposure can lead to other<br>malignancies in women and PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY in girls. In rare<br>cases, granulosa cell tumors have been identified in the TESTES.",""],["Hemangioendothelioma",3684,0.0,"D006390","C04.557.645.375.370",1,"Description: A neoplasm derived from blood vessels, characterized<br>by numerous prominent endothelial cells that occur singly, in<br>aggregates, and as the lining of congeries of vascular tubes or<br>channels. Hemangioendotheliomas are relatively rare and are of<br>intermediate malignancy (between benign hemangiomas and<br>conventional angiosarcomas). They affect men and women about<br>equally and rarely develop in childhood. (From Stedman, 25th ed;<br>Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1866)",""],["Hemangioma, Cavernous",7543,0.0,"D006392","C04.557.645.375.385",1,"Description: A vascular anomaly that is a collection of tortuous<br>BLOOD VESSELS and connective tissue. This tumor-like mass with<br>the large vascular space is filled with blood and usually appears<br>as a strawberry-like lesion in the subcutaneous areas of the<br>face, extremities, or other regions of the body including the<br>central nervous system.",""],["Hemangiosarcoma",6697,0.0,"D006394","C04.557.450.795.390",0,"Description: A rare malignant neoplasm characterized by rapidly<br>proliferating, extensively infiltrating, anaplastic cells derived<br>from blood vessels and lining irregular blood-filled or lumpy<br>spaces. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Hepatocellular",91293,0.3,"D006528","C04.588.274.623.160",0,"Description: A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver<br>cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL<br>CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly<br>differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly<br>pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes<br>have been suggested.",""],["Adenoma, Islet Cell",7284,0.0,"D007516","C04.557.470.035.100",1,"Description: A benign tumor of the pancreatic ISLET CELLS.<br>Usually it involves the INSULIN-producing PANCREATIC BETA CELLS,<br>as in INSULINOMA, resulting in HYPERINSULINISM.",""],["Adenoma, Islet Cell",7284,0.0,"D007516","C04.588.274.761.249",1,"Description: A benign tumor of the pancreatic ISLET CELLS.<br>Usually it involves the INSULIN-producing PANCREATIC BETA CELLS,<br>as in INSULINOMA, resulting in HYPERINSULINISM.",""],["Adenoma, Islet Cell",7284,0.0,"D007516","C04.588.322.475.249",1,"Description: A benign tumor of the pancreatic ISLET CELLS.<br>Usually it involves the INSULIN-producing PANCREATIC BETA CELLS,<br>as in INSULINOMA, resulting in HYPERINSULINISM.",""],["Jaw Neoplasms",18894,0.1,"D007573","C04.588.149.721.450",3,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE<br>unspecified. For neoplasms of the maxilla, MAXILLARY NEOPLASMS is<br>available and of the mandible, MANDIBULAR NEOPLASMS is available.",""],["Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell",2683,0.0,"D018279","C04.557.470.590.415",1,"Description: A poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in which the<br>nucleus is pressed to one side by a cytoplasmic droplet of mucus.<br>It usually arises in the gastrointestinal system.",""],["Laryngeal Neoplasms",26130,0.1,"D007822","C04.588.443.665.481",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts:<br>the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES;<br>and VOCAL CORDS.",""],["Leiomyoma",20480,0.1,"D007889","C04.557.450.590.450",3,"Description: A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue,<br>also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the<br>UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN<br>and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle<br>of small blood vessels in these tissues.",""],["Leiomyosarcoma",8252,0.0,"D007890","C04.557.450.590.455",0,"Description: A sarcoma containing large spindle cells of smooth<br>muscle. Although it rarely occurs in soft tissue, it is common in<br>the viscera. It is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of the<br>gastrointestinal tract and uterus. The median age of patients is<br>60 years. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer<br>Medicine, 3d ed, p1865)",""],["Leiomyosarcoma",8252,0.0,"D007890","C04.557.450.795.455",0,"Description: A sarcoma containing large spindle cells of smooth<br>muscle. Although it rarely occurs in soft tissue, it is common in<br>the viscera. It is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of the<br>gastrointestinal tract and uterus. The median age of patients is<br>60 years. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer<br>Medicine, 3d ed, p1865)",""],["Leukemia L1210",3060,0.0,"D007939","C04.557.337.372.594",0,"Description: An experimental LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA of mice.",""],["Leukemia L5178",474,0.0,"D007940","C04.557.337.372.602",0,"Description: An experimental lymphocytic leukemia of mice.",""],["Leukemia P388",962,0.0,"D007941","C04.557.337.372.782",0,"Description: An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally<br>induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.",""],["Leukemia, Plasma Cell",987,0.0,"D007952","C04.557.595.500.500",0,"Description: A rare, aggressive variant of MULTIPLE MYELOMA<br>characterized by the circulation of excessive PLASMA CELLS in the<br>peripheral blood. It can be a primary manifestation of multiple<br>myeloma or develop as a terminal complication during the disease.",""],["Leukoplakia, Oral",2448,0.0,"D007972","C04.588.443.591.545",1,"Description: A white patch seen on the oral mucosa. It is<br>considered a premalignant condition and is often tobacco-induced.<br>When evidence of Epstein-Barr virus is present, the condition is<br>called hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",3041,0.0,"D018310","C04.557.475.750.847",2,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",3041,0.0,"D018310","C04.588.322.762.500",2,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Testicular Neoplasms",26879,0.1,"D013736","C04.588.945.440.915",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors<br>(GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular<br>neoplasms.",""],["Lip Neoplasms",3302,0.0,"D008048","C04.588.443.591.550",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the LIP.",""],["Lipoma",11657,0.0,"D008067","C04.557.450.550.400",1,"Description: A benign tumor composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES).<br>It can be surrounded by a thin layer of connective tissue<br>(encapsulated), or diffuse without the capsule.",""],["Liposarcoma",4806,0.0,"D008080","C04.557.450.550.420",1,"Description: A malignant tumor derived from primitive or<br>embryonal lipoblastic cells. It may be composed of well-<br>differentiated fat cells or may be dedifferentiated: myxoid<br>(LIPOSARCOMA, MYXOID), round-celled, or pleomorphic, usually in<br>association with a rich network of capillaries. Recurrences are<br>common and dedifferentiated liposarcomas metastasize to the lungs<br>or serosal surfaces. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Liposarcoma",4806,0.0,"D008080","C04.557.450.795.465",1,"Description: A malignant tumor derived from primitive or<br>embryonal lipoblastic cells. It may be composed of well-<br>differentiated fat cells or may be dedifferentiated: myxoid<br>(LIPOSARCOMA, MYXOID), round-celled, or pleomorphic, usually in<br>association with a rich network of capillaries. Recurrences are<br>common and dedifferentiated liposarcomas metastasize to the lungs<br>or serosal surfaces. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Liver Neoplasms, Experimental",11968,0.0,"D008114","C04.588.274.623.460",0,"Description: Experimentally induced tumors of the LIVER.",""],["Lymphangiosarcoma",389,0.0,"D008204","C04.557.450.795.480",0,"Description: A malignant tumor originating from the endothelial<br>cells of lymphatic vessels. Most lymphangiosarcomas arise in an<br>arm secondary to radical mastectomy but they sometimes complicate<br>idiopathic lymphedema. The lymphedema has usually been present<br>for 6 to 10 years before malignant changes develop. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1866)",""],["Lymphoma, Follicular",6300,0.0,"D008224","C04.557.386.480.350",0,"Description: Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells<br>are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES.<br>The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph<br>node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation<br>of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES.",""],["Mastocytosis",6251,0.0,"D008415","C04.557.450.565.465",7,"Description: A rare neoplastic disorder characterized by a clonal<br>proliferation of MAST CELLS, associated with KIT-D816 mutations,<br>and accompanied by aberrant mast cell activation. The abnormal<br>increase of MAST CELLS may occur in only the skin (MASTOCYTOSIS,<br>CUTANEOUS), in extracutaneous tissues involving multiple organs<br>(MASTOCYTOSIS, SYSTEMIC), or in solid tumors (MASTOCYTOMA).",""],["Nose Neoplasms",19494,0.1,"D009669","C04.588.443.665.650",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.",""],["Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive",31964,0.1,"D018242","C04.557.470.670.590",5,"Description: A group of malignant tumors of the nervous system<br>that feature primitive cells with elements of neuronal and/or<br>glial differentiation. Use of this term is limited by some<br>authors to central nervous system tumors and others include<br>neoplasms of similar origin which arise extracranially (i.e.,<br>NEUROECTODERMAL TUMORS, PRIMITIVE, PERIPHERAL). This term is also<br>occasionally used as a synonym for MEDULLOBLASTOMA. In general,<br>these tumors arise in the first decade of life and tend to be<br>highly malignant. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2059)",""],["Meigs Syndrome",563,0.0,"D008539","C04.588.322.455.531",0,"Description: The triad of benign FIBROMA or other ovarian tumors<br>with ASCITES, and HYDROTHORAX due to large PLEURAL EFFUSIONS.",""],["Melanoma, Experimental",8232,0.0,"D008546","C04.557.665.510.525",0,"Description: Experimentally induced tumor that produces MELANIN<br>in animals to provide a model for studying human MELANOMA.",""],["Meningeal Neoplasms",35393,0.1,"D008577","C04.588.614.250.580",2,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise<br>from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain<br>and spinal cord.",""],["Adenoma, Pleomorphic",4032,0.0,"D008949","C04.557.470.035.155",0,"Description: A benign, slow-growing tumor, most commonly of the<br>salivary gland, occurring as a small, painless, firm nodule,<br>usually of the parotid gland, but also found in any major or<br>accessory salivary gland anywhere in the oral cavity. It is most<br>often seen in women in the fifth decade. Histologically, the<br>tumor presents a variety of cells: cuboidal, columnar, and<br>squamous cells, showing all forms of epithelial growth. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Myasthenia Gravis",15672,0.0,"D009157","C04.588.614.550.500",1,"Description: A disorder of neuromuscular transmission<br>characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal<br>muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or<br>muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies.<br>Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness<br>(fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia;<br>ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable<br>weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb<br>muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles<br>(ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this<br>condition.",""],["Lymphoma, T-Cell",23991,0.1,"D016399","C04.557.386.480.750",10,"Description: A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors<br>representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes.",""],["Myelitis, Transverse",1573,0.0,"D009188","C04.588.614.550.550",0,"Description: Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal<br>cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental demyelination<br>or necrosis. The condition may occur sporadically, follow an<br>infection or vaccination, or present as a paraneoplastic syndrome<br>(see also ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED). Clinical<br>manifestations include motor weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1242-6)",""],["Myoma",2570,0.0,"D009214","C04.557.450.590.540",1,"Description: A benign neoplasm of muscular tissue. (Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Myosarcoma",9700,0.0,"D009217","C04.557.450.590.550",3,"Description: A general term for a malignant neoplasm derived from<br>muscular tissue. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Myosarcoma",9700,0.0,"D009217","C04.557.450.795.550",3,"Description: A general term for a malignant neoplasm derived from<br>muscular tissue. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Myxoma",7575,0.0,"D009232","C04.557.450.565.550",2,"Description: A benign neoplasm derived from connective tissue,<br>consisting chiefly of polyhedral and stellate cells that are<br>loosely embedded in a soft mucoid matrix, thereby resembling<br>primitive mesenchymal tissue. It occurs frequently<br>intramuscularly where it may be mistaken for a sarcoma. It<br>appears also in the jaws and the skin. (From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Myxosarcoma",354,0.0,"D009236","C04.557.450.565.560",0,"Description: A sarcoma, usually a liposarcoma or malignant<br>fibrous histiocytoma, with an abundant component of myxoid tissue<br>resembling primitive mesenchyme containing connective tissue<br>mucin. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Myxosarcoma",354,0.0,"D009236","C04.557.450.795.560",0,"Description: A sarcoma, usually a liposarcoma or malignant<br>fibrous histiocytoma, with an abundant component of myxoid tissue<br>resembling primitive mesenchyme containing connective tissue<br>mucin. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma",751,0.0,"D049913","C04.588.322.609.145",1,"Description: A pituitary adenoma which secretes<br>ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN, leading to CUSHING DISEASE.",""],["Neuroma",23578,0.1,"D009463","C04.557.580.600.610",3,"Description: A tumor made up of nerve cells and nerve fibers.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Neurofibroma",16953,0.0,"D009455","C04.557.580.600.580",5,"Description: A moderately firm, benign, encapsulated tumor<br>resulting from proliferation of SCHWANN CELLS and FIBROBLASTS<br>that includes portions of nerve fibers. The tumors usually<br>develop along peripheral or cranial nerves and are a central<br>feature of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1, where they may occur<br>intracranially or involve spinal roots. Pathologic features<br>include fusiform enlargement of the involved nerve. Microscopic<br>examination reveals a disorganized and loose cellular pattern<br>with elongated nuclei intermixed with fibrous strands. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1016)",""],["Neuroma, Acoustic",7136,0.0,"D009464","C04.588.614.300.015",0,"Description: A benign SCHWANNOMA of the eighth cranial nerve<br>(VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE), mostly arising from the vestibular<br>branch (VESTIBULAR NERVE) during the fifth or sixth decade of<br>life. Clinical manifestations include HEARING LOSS; HEADACHE;<br>VERTIGO; TINNITUS; and FACIAL PAIN. Bilateral acoustic neuromas<br>are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p673)",""],["Nevus, Pigmented",9608,0.0,"D009508","C04.557.665.560.615",5,"Description: A nevus containing melanin. The term is usually<br>restricted to nevocytic nevi (round or oval collections of<br>melanin-containing nevus cells occurring at the dermoepidermal<br>junction of the skin or in the dermis proper) or moles, but may<br>be applied to other pigmented nevi.",""],["Nonodontogenic Cysts",410,0.0,"D009631","C04.182.089.530.660",0,"Description: Cysts formed from epithelial inclusions in the lines<br>of fusion of the embryonic processes which form the jaws. They<br>include nasopalatine or incisive canal cyst, incisive papilla<br>cyst, globulomaxillary cyst, median palatal cyst, median alveolar<br>cyst, median mandibular cyst, and nasoalveolar cyst.",""],["Nose Neoplasms",10058,0.0,"D009669","C04.588.149.721.600",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.",""],["Orbital Neoplasms",8540,0.0,"D009918","C04.588.149.721.656",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the bony orbit and contents except the<br>eyeball.",""],["Paget Disease, Extramammary",1901,0.0,"D010145","C04.557.470.615.660",0,"Description: A rare cutaneous neoplasm that occurs in the<br>elderly. It develops more frequently in women and predominantly<br>involves apocrine gland-bearing areas, especially the vulva,<br>scrotum, and perianal areas. The lesions develop as erythematous<br>scaly patches that progress to crusted, pruritic, erythematous<br>plaques. The clinical differential diagnosis includes squamous<br>cell carcinoma in situ and superficial fungal infection. It is<br>generally thought to be an adenocarcinoma of the epidermis, from<br>which it extends into the contiguous epithelium of hair follicles<br>and eccrine sweat ducts. (DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles &<br>Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1478)",""],["Palatal Neoplasms",2200,0.0,"D010157","C04.588.443.591.692",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PALATE, including those of<br>the hard palate, soft palate and UVULA.",""],["Papilloma",9517,0.0,"D010212","C04.557.470.700.600",1,"Description: A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting<br>from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial<br>neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of<br>fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Salivary Gland Neoplasms",18516,0.1,"D012468","C04.588.443.591.824",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.",""],["Penile Neoplasms",5697,0.0,"D010412","C04.588.945.440.715",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component<br>tissues.",""],["Pinealoma",1612,0.0,"D010871","C04.557.470.670.657",0,"Description: Neoplasms which originate from pineal parenchymal<br>cells that tend to enlarge the gland and be locally invasive. The<br>two major forms are pineocytoma and the more malignant<br>pineoblastoma. Pineocytomas have moderate cellularity and tend to<br>form rosette patterns. Pineoblastomas are highly cellular tumors<br>containing small, poorly differentiated cells. These tumors<br>occasionally seed the neuroaxis or cause obstructive<br>HYDROCEPHALUS or Parinaud's syndrome. GERMINOMA; CARCINOMA,<br>EMBRYONAL; GLIOMA; and other neoplasms may arise in the pineal<br>region with germinoma being the most common pineal region tumor.<br>(From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology,<br>5th ed, p2064; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p670)",""],["Polycythemia Vera",5425,0.0,"D011087","C04.588.448.200.500",0,"Description: A myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology,<br>characterized by abnormal proliferation of all hematopoietic bone<br>marrow elements and an absolute increase in red cell mass and<br>total blood volume, associated frequently with splenomegaly,<br>leukocytosis, and thrombocythemia. Hematopoiesis is also reactive<br>in extramedullary sites (liver and spleen). In time myelofibrosis<br>occurs.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms",149742,0.4,"D011471","C04.588.945.440.770",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.",""],["Retinoblastoma",7034,0.0,"D012175","C04.557.470.670.725",0,"Description: A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of<br>the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in<br>children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy<br>and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the<br>condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait.<br>Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round<br>polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An<br>abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC;<br>STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical<br>characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)",""],["Retinoblastoma",7034,0.0,"D012175","C04.588.364.818.760",0,"Description: A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of<br>the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in<br>children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy<br>and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the<br>condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait.<br>Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round<br>polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An<br>abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC;<br>STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical<br>characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)",""],["Osteosarcoma",27266,0.1,"D012516","C04.557.450.795.620",2,"Description: A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells,<br>affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most<br>malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10-<br>to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Sarcoma, Kaposi",8840,0.0,"D012514","C04.557.450.795.850",0,"Description: A multicentric, malignant neoplastic vascular<br>proliferation characterized by the development of bluish-red<br>cutaneous nodules, usually on the lower extremities, most often<br>on the toes or feet, and slowly increasing in size and number and<br>spreading to more proximal areas. The tumors have endothelium-<br>lined channels and vascular spaces admixed with variably sized<br>aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, and often remain confined to<br>the skin and subcutaneous tissue, but widespread visceral<br>involvement may occur. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs spontaneously in<br>Jewish and Italian males in Europe and the United States. An<br>aggressive variant in young children is endemic in some areas of<br>Africa. A third form occurs in about 0.04% of kidney transplant<br>patients. There is also a high incidence in AIDS patients. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed,<br>pp2105-7) HHV-8 is the suspected cause.",""],["Spinal Cord Neoplasms",10916,0.0,"D013120","C04.588.614.250.803",1,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within<br>the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in<br>the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural<br>extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal<br>tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA;<br>EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often<br>associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types<br>of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and<br>NEUROFIBROMA.",""],["Stomach Neoplasms",103659,0.3,"D013274","C04.588.274.476.767",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.",""],["Struma Ovarii",594,0.0,"D013330","C04.557.465.910.850",0,"Description: A rare teratoid tumor of the ovary composed almost<br>entirely of thyroid tissue, with large follicles containing<br>abundant colloid. Occasionally there are symptoms of<br>hyperthyroidism. 5-10% of struma ovarii become malignant, the<br>only absolute criterion for which is the presence of metastasis.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Sturge-Weber Syndrome",1308,0.0,"D013341","C04.557.645.375.850",0,"Description: A non-inherited congenital condition with vascular<br>and neurological abnormalities. It is characterized by facial<br>vascular nevi (PORT-WINE STAIN), and capillary angiomatosis of<br>intracranial membranes (MENINGES; CHOROID). Neurological features<br>include EPILEPSY; cognitive deficits; GLAUCOMA; and visual<br>defects.",""],["Sarcoma, Synovial",3215,0.0,"D013584","C04.557.450.565.835",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm arising from tenosynovial<br>tissue of the joints and in synovial cells of tendons and bursae.<br>The legs are the most common site, but the tumor can occur in the<br>abdominal wall and other trunk muscles. There are two recognized<br>types: the monophasic (characterized by sheaths of monotonous<br>spindle cells) and the biphasic (characterized by slit-like<br>spaces or clefts within the tumor, lined by cuboidal or tall<br>columnar epithelial cells). These sarcomas occur most commonly in<br>the second and fourth decades of life. (From Dorland, 27th ed;<br>DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d<br>ed, p1363)",""],["Sarcoma, Synovial",3215,0.0,"D013584","C04.557.450.795.875",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm arising from tenosynovial<br>tissue of the joints and in synovial cells of tendons and bursae.<br>The legs are the most common site, but the tumor can occur in the<br>abdominal wall and other trunk muscles. There are two recognized<br>types: the monophasic (characterized by sheaths of monotonous<br>spindle cells) and the biphasic (characterized by slit-like<br>spaces or clefts within the tumor, lined by cuboidal or tall<br>columnar epithelial cells). These sarcomas occur most commonly in<br>the second and fourth decades of life. (From Dorland, 27th ed;<br>DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d<br>ed, p1363)",""],["Thecoma",784,0.0,"D013798","C04.557.475.750.875",0,"Description: A gonadal stromal neoplasm composed only of THECA<br>CELLS, occurring mostly in the postmenopausal OVARY. It is filled<br>with lipid-containing spindle cells and produces ESTROGENS that<br>can lead to ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA; UTERINE HEMORRHAGE; or other<br>malignancies in postmenopausal women and sexual precocity in<br>girls. When tumors containing theca cells also contain<br>FIBROBLASTS, they are identified as thecoma-fibroma tumors with<br>less active hormone production.",""],["Thecoma",784,0.0,"D013798","C04.588.322.455.765",0,"Description: A gonadal stromal neoplasm composed only of THECA<br>CELLS, occurring mostly in the postmenopausal OVARY. It is filled<br>with lipid-containing spindle cells and produces ESTROGENS that<br>can lead to ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA; UTERINE HEMORRHAGE; or other<br>malignancies in postmenopausal women and sexual precocity in<br>girls. When tumors containing theca cells also contain<br>FIBROBLASTS, they are identified as thecoma-fibroma tumors with<br>less active hormone production.",""],["Thymoma",7009,0.0,"D013945","C04.588.894.949.500",0,"Description: A neoplasm originating from thymic tissue, usually<br>benign, and frequently encapsulated. Although it is occasionally<br>invasive, metastases are extremely rare. It consists of any type<br>of thymic epithelial cell as well as lymphocytes that are usually<br>abundant. Malignant lymphomas that involve the thymus, e.g.,<br>lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease (previously termed granulomatous<br>thymoma), should not be regarded as thymoma. (From Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Tongue Neoplasms",8824,0.0,"D014062","C04.588.443.591.925",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.",""],["Tracheal Neoplasms",3431,0.0,"D014134","C04.588.894.797.760",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the TRACHEA.",""],["Ureteral Neoplasms",4759,0.0,"D014516","C04.588.945.947.940",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETER which may cause<br>obstruction leading to hydroureter, HYDRONEPHROSIS, and<br>PYELONEPHRITIS. HEMATURIA is a common symptom.",""],["Urethral Neoplasms",2529,0.0,"D014523","C04.588.945.947.945",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETHRA. Benign epithelial<br>tumors of the urethra usually consist of squamous and<br>transitional cells. Primary urethral carcinomas are rare and<br>typically of squamous cells. Urethral carcinoma is the only<br>urological malignancy that is more common in females than in<br>males.",""],["Urticaria Pigmentosa",1158,0.0,"D014582","C04.588.805.309.850",0,"Description: The most common form of cutaneous mastocytosis<br>(MASTOCYTOSIS, CUTANEOUS) that occurs primarily in children. It<br>is characterized by the multiple small reddish-brown pigmented<br>pruritic macules and papules.",""],["Vaginal Neoplasms",4496,0.0,"D014625","C04.588.945.418.955",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the VAGINA.",""],["Vulvar Neoplasms",8196,0.0,"D014846","C04.588.945.418.968",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the VULVA.",""],["Prolactinoma",2364,0.0,"D015175","C04.557.470.035.625",0,"Description: A pituitary adenoma which secretes PROLACTIN,<br>leading to HYPERPROLACTINEMIA. Clinical manifestations include<br>AMENORRHEA; GALACTORRHEA; IMPOTENCE; HEADACHE; visual<br>disturbances; and CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA.",""],["Prolactinoma",2364,0.0,"D015175","C04.588.322.609.792",0,"Description: A pituitary adenoma which secretes PROLACTIN,<br>leading to HYPERPROLACTINEMIA. Clinical manifestations include<br>AMENORRHEA; GALACTORRHEA; IMPOTENCE; HEADACHE; visual<br>disturbances; and CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA.",""],["Leukemia, B-Cell",19687,0.1,"D015448","C04.557.337.428.080",2,"Description: A malignant disease of the B-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone<br>marrow and/or blood.",""],["Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma",31975,0.1,"D054198","C04.557.337.428.600",2,"Description: A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the<br>lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the<br>marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children<br>and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.",""],["Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute",372,0.0,"D015456","C04.557.337.428.100",0,"Description: An acute leukemia exhibiting cell features<br>characteristic of both the myeloid and lymphoid lineages and<br>probably arising from MULTIPOTENT STEM CELLS.",""],["Leukemia, T-Cell",6923,0.0,"D015458","C04.557.337.428.580",3,"Description: A malignant disease of the T-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone<br>marrow, thymus, and/or blood.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic",787,0.0,"D015463","C04.557.337.428.565",2,"Description: A chronic leukemia characterized by a large number<br>of circulating prolymphocytes. It can arise spontaneously or as a<br>consequence of transformation of CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA.",""],["Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic",1478,0.0,"D015477","C04.557.337.539.522",0,"Description: A myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative disease<br>characterized by monocytosis, increased monocytes in the bone<br>marrow, variable degrees of dysplasia, but an absence of immature<br>granulocytes in the blood.",""],["Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute",1115,0.0,"D015479","C04.557.337.539.520",0,"Description: A pediatric acute myeloid leukemia involving both<br>myeloid and monocytoid precursors. At least 20% of non-erythroid<br>cells are of monocytic origin.",""],["Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome",841,0.0,"D015624","C04.730.856.490.225",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and<br>fatigability of proximal muscles, particularly of the pelvic<br>girdle, lower extremities, trunk, and shoulder girdle. There is<br>relative sparing of extraocular and bulbar muscles. CARCINOMA,<br>SMALL CELL of the lung is a frequently associated condition,<br>although other malignancies and autoimmune diseases may be<br>associated. Muscular weakness results from impaired impulse<br>transmission at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. Presynaptic calcium<br>channel dysfunction leads to a reduced amount of acetylcholine<br>being released in response to stimulation of the nerve. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 1471)",""],["Iris Neoplasms",731,0.0,"D015811","C04.588.364.978.400",0,"Description: Tumors of the iris characterized by increased<br>pigmentation of melanocytes. Iris nevi are composed of<br>proliferated melanocytes and are associated with<br>neurofibromatosis and malignant melanoma of the choroid and<br>ciliary body. Malignant melanoma of the iris often originates<br>from preexisting nevi.",""],["Central Nervous System Cysts",4065,0.0,"D020863","C04.588.614.250.387",2,"Description: Congenital or acquired cysts of the brain, spinal<br>cord, or meninges which may remain stable in size or undergo<br>progressive enlargement.",""],["Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic",275,0.0,"D016400","C04.557.386.480.493",0,"Description: Malignant lymphoma characterized by the presence of<br>immunoblasts with uniformly round-to-oval nuclei, one or more<br>prominent nucleoli, and abundant cytoplasm. This class may be<br>subdivided into plasmacytoid and clear-cell types based on<br>cytoplasmic characteristics. A third category, pleomorphous, may<br>be analogous to some of the peripheral T-cell lymphomas<br>(LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, PERIPHERAL) recorded in both the United States<br>and Japan.",""],["Granular Cell Tumor",1666,0.0,"D016586","C04.557.450.590.350",0,"Description: Unusual tumor affecting any site of the body, but<br>most often encountered in the head and neck. Considerable debate<br>has surrounded the histogenesis of this neoplasm; however, it is<br>considered to be a myoblastoma of, usually, a benign nature. It<br>affects women more often than men. When it develops beneath the<br>epidermis or mucous membrane, it can lead to proliferation of the<br>squamous cells and mimic squamous cell carcinoma.",""],["Thyroid Nodule",7312,0.0,"D016606","C04.588.322.894.800",0,"Description: A small circumscribed mass in the THYROID GLAND that<br>can be of neoplastic growth or non-neoplastic abnormality. It<br>lacks a well-defined capsule or glandular architecture. Thyroid<br>nodules are often benign but can be malignant. The growth of<br>nodules can lead to a multinodular goiter (GOITER, NODULAR).",""],["Thyroid Nodule",7312,0.0,"D016606","C04.588.443.915.800",0,"Description: A small circumscribed mass in the THYROID GLAND that<br>can be of neoplastic growth or non-neoplastic abnormality. It<br>lacks a well-defined capsule or glandular architecture. Thyroid<br>nodules are often benign but can be malignant. The growth of<br>nodules can lead to a multinodular goiter (GOITER, NODULAR).",""],["Neuroectodermal Tumor, Melanotic",298,0.0,"D017600","C04.557.465.625.630",0,"Description: A benign, rapidly growing, deeply pigmented tumor of<br>the jaw and occasionally of other sites, consisting of an<br>infiltrating mass of cells arranged in an alveolar pattern, and<br>occurring almost exclusively in infants. Its source of origin is<br>in dispute, the various theories giving rise to its several<br>names. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Neuroectodermal Tumor, Melanotic",298,0.0,"D017600","C04.557.580.625.630",0,"Description: A benign, rapidly growing, deeply pigmented tumor of<br>the jaw and occasionally of other sites, consisting of an<br>infiltrating mass of cells arranged in an alveolar pattern, and<br>occurring almost exclusively in infants. Its source of origin is<br>in dispute, the various theories giving rise to its several<br>names. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C04.557.435.595.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Leukoplakia, Hairy",177,0.0,"D017733","C04.834.512.513.500",0,"Description: Epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa associated<br>with Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) and found almost<br>exclusively in persons with HIV infection. The lesion consists of<br>a white patch that is often corrugated or hairy.",""],["Lymphangioma, Cystic",1576,0.0,"D018191","C04.557.375.450.450",0,"Description: A cystic growth originating from lymphatic tissue.<br>It is usually found in the neck, axilla, or groin.",""],["Lymphangioleiomyomatosis",1433,0.0,"D018192","C04.557.375.460.465",0,"Description: A disease characterized by the progressive invasion<br>of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS into the LYMPHATIC VESSELS, and the BLOOD<br>VESSELS. The majority of the cases occur in the LUNGS of women of<br>child-bearing age, eventually blocking the flow of air, blood,<br>and lymph. The common symptom is shortness of breath (DYSPNEA).",""],["Lymphangioleiomyomatosis",1433,0.0,"D018192","C04.557.450.692.500",0,"Description: A disease characterized by the progressive invasion<br>of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS into the LYMPHATIC VESSELS, and the BLOOD<br>VESSELS. The majority of the cases occur in the LUNGS of women of<br>child-bearing age, eventually blocking the flow of air, blood,<br>and lymph. The common symptom is shortness of breath (DYSPNEA).",""],["Adenosarcoma",336,0.0,"D018195","C04.557.450.795.135",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm arising simultaneously or<br>consecutively in mesodermal tissue and glandular epithelium of<br>the same part. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Adenosquamous",1542,0.0,"D018196","C04.557.470.200.150",0,"Description: A mixed adenocarcinoma and squamous cell or<br>epidermoid carcinoma.",""],["Mixed Tumor, Mesodermal",121,0.0,"D018199","C04.557.450.795.530",0,"Description: A sarcoma of the body of the uterus arising in older<br>women, composed of more than one mesenchymal tissue, especially<br>including striated muscle cells. It is associated with previous<br>pelvic radiation exposure in 20% of patients. (Stedman, 25th ed;<br>Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1702)",""],["Endometrial Stromal Tumors",947,0.0,"D036821","C04.557.450.795.332",1,"Description: Neoplasms of the endometrial stroma that sometimes<br>involve the MYOMETRIUM. These tumors contain cells that may<br>closely or remotely resemble the normal stromal cells.<br>Endometrial stromal neoplasms are divided into three categories:<br>(1) benign stromal nodules; (2) low-grade stromal sarcoma, or<br>endolymphatic stromal myosis; and (3) malignant endometrial<br>stromal sarcoma (SARCOMA, ENDOMETRIAL STROMAL).",""],["Angiolipoma",395,0.0,"D018206","C04.557.450.550.100",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm composed of a mixture of adipose<br>tissue and blood vessels. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Angiomyolipoma",2366,0.0,"D018207","C04.557.450.550.125",0,"Description: A benign tumor containing vascular, adipose, and<br>muscle elements. It occurs most often in the kidney with smooth<br>muscle elements (angiolipoleiomyoma) in association with tuberous<br>sclerosis. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Angiomyolipoma",2366,0.0,"D018207","C04.557.450.692.249",0,"Description: A benign tumor containing vascular, adipose, and<br>muscle elements. It occurs most often in the kidney with smooth<br>muscle elements (angiolipoleiomyoma) in association with tuberous<br>sclerosis. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Myelolipoma",586,0.0,"D018209","C04.557.450.550.710",0,"Description: A rare benign tumor of the adrenal gland, several<br>centimeters in diameter, composed in varying proportions of<br>adipose tissue, lymphocytes, and primitive myeloid cells,<br>probably a developmental abnormality. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Fibroadenoma",1445,0.0,"D018226","C04.557.470.625.350",0,"Description: An adenoma containing fibrous tissue. It should be<br>differentiated from ADENOFIBROMA which is a tumor composed of<br>connective tissue (fibroma) containing glandular (adeno-)<br>structures. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Sarcoma, Clear Cell",628,0.0,"D018227","C04.557.450.565.800",0,"Description: A sarcoma of young adults occurring in the lower<br>extremities and acral regions. It is found intimately bound to<br>tendons as a circumscribed but unencapsulated melanin-bearing<br>tumor of neuroectodermal origin. Clear cell sarcoma is associated<br>with a specific t(12;22)(q13;q12) translocation.",""],["Sarcoma, Clear Cell",628,0.0,"D018227","C04.557.450.795.800",0,"Description: A sarcoma of young adults occurring in the lower<br>extremities and acral regions. It is found intimately bound to<br>tendons as a circumscribed but unencapsulated melanin-bearing<br>tumor of neuroectodermal origin. Clear cell sarcoma is associated<br>with a specific t(12;22)(q13;q12) translocation.",""],["Sarcoma, Small Cell",208,0.0,"D018228","C04.557.450.565.825",0,"Description: A sarcoma characterized by the presence of small<br>cells, cells measuring 9-14 micrometers with a faint or<br>indistinct rim of cytoplasm and an oval-to-elongated nucleus with<br>relatively dense chromatin. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern<br>Medicine, 1992)",""],["Sarcoma, Small Cell",208,0.0,"D018228","C04.557.450.795.870",0,"Description: A sarcoma characterized by the presence of small<br>cells, cells measuring 9-14 micrometers with a faint or<br>indistinct rim of cytoplasm and an oval-to-elongated nucleus with<br>relatively dense chromatin. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern<br>Medicine, 1992)",""],["Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part",475,0.0,"D018234","C04.557.450.590.775",0,"Description: A variety of rare sarcoma having a reticulated<br>fibrous stroma enclosing groups of sarcoma cells, which resemble<br>epithelial cells and are enclosed in alveoli walled with<br>connective tissue. It is a rare tumor, usually occurring between<br>15 and 35 years of age. It appears in the muscles of the<br>extremities in adults and most commonly in the head and neck<br>regions of children. Though slow-growing, it commonly<br>metastasizes to the lungs, brain, bones, and lymph nodes. (DeVita<br>Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed,<br>p1365)",""],["Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part",475,0.0,"D018234","C04.557.450.795.775",0,"Description: A variety of rare sarcoma having a reticulated<br>fibrous stroma enclosing groups of sarcoma cells, which resemble<br>epithelial cells and are enclosed in alveoli walled with<br>connective tissue. It is a rare tumor, usually occurring between<br>15 and 35 years of age. It appears in the muscles of the<br>extremities in adults and most commonly in the head and neck<br>regions of children. Though slow-growing, it commonly<br>metastasizes to the lungs, brain, bones, and lymph nodes. (DeVita<br>Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed,<br>p1365)",""],["Smooth Muscle Tumor",459,0.0,"D018235","C04.557.450.590.800",0,"Description: A tumor composed of smooth muscle tissue, as opposed<br>to leiomyoma, a tumor derived from smooth muscle.",""],["Seminoma",2818,0.0,"D018239","C04.557.465.330.800",0,"Description: A radiosensitive, malignant neoplasm of the testis,<br>thought to be derived from primordial germ cells of the sexually<br>undifferentiated embryonic gonad. There are three variants:<br>classical (typical), the most common type; anaplastic; and<br>spermatocytic. The classical seminoma is composed of fairly well<br>differentiated sheets or cords of uniform polygonal or round<br>cells (seminoma cells), each cell having abundant clear<br>cytoplasm, distinct cell membranes, a centrally placed round<br>nucleus, and one or more nucleoli. In the female, a grossly and<br>histologically identical neoplasm, known as dysgerminoma, occurs.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Endodermal Sinus Tumor",986,0.0,"D018240","C04.557.465.510.350",0,"Description: An unusual and aggressive tumor of germ-cell origin<br>that reproduces the extraembryonic structures of the early<br>embryo. It is the most common malignant germ cell tumor found in<br>children. It is characterized by a labyrinthine glandular pattern<br>of flat epithelial cells and rounded papillary processes with a<br>central capillary (Schiller-Duval body). The tumor is rarely<br>bilateral. Before the use of combination chemotherapy, the tumor<br>was almost invariably fatal. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer:<br>Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1189)",""],["Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site",314,0.0,"D018245","C04.850.908.208.875",0,"Description: An uncommon variant of CHORIOCARCINOMA. It is<br>composed almost entirely of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts<br>(TROPHOBLASTS). Because its secretion of hCG (CHORIONIC<br>GONADOTROPIN) is low, a large tumor may develop before the hCG<br>can be detected.",""],["Adenoma, Liver Cell",884,0.0,"D018248","C04.557.470.035.120",0,"Description: A benign epithelial tumor of the LIVER.",""],["Adenoma, Liver Cell",884,0.0,"D018248","C04.588.274.623.040",0,"Description: A benign epithelial tumor of the LIVER.",""],["Adenoma, Oxyphilic",1911,0.0,"D018249","C04.557.470.035.140",0,"Description: A usually benign glandular tumor composed of oxyphil<br>cells, large cells with small irregular nuclei and dense<br>acidophilic granules due to the presence of abundant<br>MITOCHONDRIA. Oxyphil cells, also known as oncocytes, are found<br>in oncocytomas of the kidney, salivary glands, and endocrine<br>glands. In the thyroid gland, oxyphil cells are known as Hurthle<br>cells and Askanazy cells.",""],["Adenoma, Villous",693,0.0,"D018253","C04.557.470.035.185",0,"Description: An adenoma of the large intestine. It is usually a<br>solitary, sessile, often large, tumor of colonic mucosa composed<br>of mucinous epithelium covering delicate vascular projections.<br>Hypersecretion and malignant changes occur frequently. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Adenomatoid Tumor",328,0.0,"D018254","C04.557.470.035.200",0,"Description: A small, circumscribed, benign tumor of the genital<br>tract, composed of small glandlike spaces lined by flattened or<br>cuboidal mesothelium-like cells. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Adenomatoid Tumor",328,0.0,"D018254","C04.557.470.660.200",0,"Description: A small, circumscribed, benign tumor of the genital<br>tract, composed of small glandlike spaces lined by flattened or<br>cuboidal mesothelium-like cells. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Adenomatosis, Pulmonary",163,0.0,"D018255","C04.557.470.035.210",0,"Description: A neoplastic disease in which the alveoli and distal<br>bronchi are filled with mucus and mucus-secreting columnar<br>epithelial cells. It is characterized by abundant, extremely<br>tenacious sputum, chills, fever, cough, dyspnea, and pleuritic<br>pain. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous",487,0.0,"D018266","C04.557.470.550.105",0,"Description: A malignant tumor composed of cells showing<br>differentiation toward sebaceous epithelium. The tumor is<br>solitary, firm, somewhat raised, more or less translucent, and<br>covered with normal or slightly verrucose epidermis. It may be<br>yellow or orange. The face and scalp are the commonest sites. The<br>growth can be slow or rapid but metastasis is uncommon. Surgery<br>cures most of the cases. (From Rook et al., Textbook of<br>Dermatology, 4th ed, pp2403-4)",""],["Carcinoma, Ductal",26680,0.1,"D044584","C04.557.470.615.132",2,"Description: Malignant neoplasms involving the ductal systems of<br>any of a number of organs, such as the MAMMARY GLANDS, the<br>PANCREAS, the PROSTATE, or the LACRIMAL GLAND.",""],["Carcinoma, Lobular",4562,0.0,"D018275","C04.557.470.615.305",0,"Description: A type of BREAST CANCER where the abnormal malignant<br>cells form in the lobules, or milk-producing glands, of the<br>breast.",""],["Carcinoma, Medullary",2880,0.0,"D018276","C04.557.470.615.315",0,"Description: A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements<br>with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast<br>constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas<br>of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice<br>of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine,<br>1992)",""],["Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid",1665,0.0,"D018277","C04.557.470.590.340",0,"Description: A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The<br>low-grade grow slowly, appear in any age group, and are readily<br>cured by excision. The high-grade behave aggressively, widely<br>infiltrate the salivary gland and produce lymph node and distant<br>metastases. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of<br>the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the<br>sublingual gland. They are the most common malignant tumor of the<br>parotid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of<br>Oncology, 3d ed, p575; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed,<br>p1240)",""],["Carcinoma, Skin Appendage",281,0.0,"D018280","C04.557.470.550.420",0,"Description: A malignant tumor of the skin appendages, which<br>include the hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and the<br>mammary glands. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Giant Cell",284,0.0,"D018286","C04.557.470.200.220",0,"Description: An epithelial neoplasm characterized by unusually<br>large anaplastic cells. It is highly malignant with fulminant<br>clinical course, bizarre histologic appearance and poor<br>prognosis. It is most common in the lung and thyroid. (From<br>Stedman, 25th ed & Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Carcinoma, Large Cell",1414,0.0,"D018287","C04.557.470.200.260",0,"Description: A tumor of undifferentiated (anaplastic) cells of<br>large size. It is usually bronchogenic. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Small Cell",13698,0.0,"D018288","C04.557.470.200.380",0,"Description: An anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually<br>bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty<br>neoplasm. It is characterized by a dominant, deeply basophilic<br>nucleus, and absent or indistinct nucleoli. (From Stedman, 25th<br>ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1286-7)",""],["Carcinoma, Verrucous",1002,0.0,"D018289","C04.557.470.200.450",1,"Description: A variant of well-differentiated epidermoid<br>carcinoma that is most common in the oral cavity, but also occurs<br>in the larynx, nasal cavity, esophagus, penis, anorectal region,<br>vulva, vagina, uterine cervix, and skin, especially on the sole<br>of the foot. Most intraoral cases occur in elderly male abusers<br>of smokeless tobacco. The treatment is surgical resection.<br>Radiotherapy is not indicated, as up to 30% treated with<br>radiation become highly aggressive within six months. (Segen,<br>Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Carcinoma, Verrucous",1002,0.0,"D018289","C04.557.470.700.450",1,"Description: A variant of well-differentiated epidermoid<br>carcinoma that is most common in the oral cavity, but also occurs<br>in the larynx, nasal cavity, esophagus, penis, anorectal region,<br>vulva, vagina, uterine cervix, and skin, especially on the sole<br>of the foot. Most intraoral cases occur in elderly male abusers<br>of smokeless tobacco. The treatment is surgical resection.<br>Radiotherapy is not indicated, as up to 30% treated with<br>radiation become highly aggressive within six months. (Segen,<br>Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Pilomatrixoma",780,0.0,"D018296","C04.557.470.565.625",0,"Description: A tumor composed of cells resembling those of the<br>hair matrix, which undergo 'mummification' and may calcify. It is<br>a relatively uncommon tumor, which may occur at any age from<br>infancy. The majority of patients are under 20, and females are<br>affected more than males. The lesion is usually a solitary deep<br>dermal or subcutaneous tumor 3-30 mm in diameter, situated in the<br>head, neck, or upper extremity. (From Rook et al., Textbook of<br>Dermatology, 4th ed, p2401)",""],["Mucoepidermoid Tumor",70,0.0,"D018298","C04.557.470.590.580",0,"Description: A malignant epithelial tumor of glandular tissue,<br>especially the salivary glands, characterized by acini with<br>mucus-producing cells and by the presence of malignant squamous<br>elements. Most mucoepidermoid tumors are low-grade lesions<br>readily cured by adequate excision. They may appear in any age<br>group. They grow slowly. If high-grade, they behave aggressively,<br>widely infiltrating the salivary gland and producing lymph node<br>and distant metastases. (Dorland, 27th ed; from DeVita Jr et al.,<br>Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575)",""],["Papilloma, Intraductal",383,0.0,"D018300","C04.557.470.615.670",0,"Description: A small, often impalpable benign papilloma arising<br>in a lactiferous duct and frequently causing bleeding from the<br>nipple. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Neurocytoma",727,0.0,"D018306","C04.557.470.670.580",0,"Description: A benign brain tumor composed of neural elements<br>which most often arise from the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM and the walls<br>of the lateral ventricles. Immunohistochemistry and electron<br>microscopy evaluations may reveal expression of neuron specific<br>enolase and synaptophysin and cells containing microtubuli,<br>neurosecretory granules, and presynaptic vesicles. (From Acta Med<br>Port 1994 Feb;7(2):113-9)",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",755,0.0,"D018310","C04.588.322.455.648",0,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Luteoma",79,0.0,"D018311","C04.557.475.750.751",0,"Description: An ovarian neoplasm composed of LUTEAL CELLS derived<br>from luteinized GRANULOSA CELLS and THECA CELLS. Luteomas respond<br>to GONADOTROPINS, and vary in their hormone production<br>(PROGESTERONE; ESTROGENS; or ANDROGENS). During PREGNANCY, a<br>transient type of luteoma may develop due to an exaggerated<br>LUTEINIZATION of the OVARY.",""],["Luteoma",79,0.0,"D018311","C04.588.322.455.464",0,"Description: An ovarian neoplasm composed of LUTEAL CELLS derived<br>from luteinized GRANULOSA CELLS and THECA CELLS. Luteomas respond<br>to GONADOTROPINS, and vary in their hormone production<br>(PROGESTERONE; ESTROGENS; or ANDROGENS). During PREGNANCY, a<br>transient type of luteoma may develop due to an exaggerated<br>LUTEINIZATION of the OVARY.",""],["Neurothekeoma",236,0.0,"D018321","C04.557.580.600.625",0,"Description: A benign myxoma of cutaneous nerve sheath origin.<br>Theke is from the Greek theke, sheath. (From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Hemangioma, Capillary",2936,0.0,"D018324","C04.557.645.375.380",1,"Description: A dull red, firm, dome-shaped hemangioma, sharply<br>demarcated from surrounding skin, usually located on the head and<br>neck, which grows rapidly and generally undergoes regression and<br>involution without scarring. It is caused by proliferation of<br>immature capillary vessels in active stroma, and is usually<br>present at birth or occurs within the first two or three months<br>of life. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle",671,0.0,"D018327","C04.557.665.510.385",0,"Description: A cellular subtype of malignant melanoma. It is a<br>pigmented lesion composed of melanocytes occurring on sun-exposed<br>skin, usually the face and neck. The melanocytes are commonly<br>multinucleated with a \"starburst\" appearance. It is considered by<br>many to be the in situ phase of lentigo maligna melanoma.",""],["Melanoma, Amelanotic",650,0.0,"D018328","C04.557.665.510.515",0,"Description: An unpigmented malignant melanoma. It is an<br>anaplastic melanoma consisting of cells derived from melanoblasts<br>but not forming melanin. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Nevus, Intradermal",174,0.0,"D018330","C04.557.665.560.590",0,"Description: A nevus in which nests of melanocytes are found in<br>the dermis, but not at the epidermal-dermal junction. Benign<br>pigmented nevi in adults are most commonly intradermal. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1",1657,0.0,"D018761","C04.588.322.400.500",0,"Description: A form of multiple endocrine neoplasia that is<br>characterized by the combined occurrence of tumors in the<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS, the PITUITARY GLAND, and the PANCREATIC<br>ISLETS. The resulting clinical signs include HYPERPARATHYROIDISM;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA; CUSHING DISEASE; GASTRINOMA;<br>and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. This disease is due to loss-of-<br>function of the MEN1 gene, a tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR<br>SUPPRESSOR) on CHROMOSOME 11 (Locus: 11q13).",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a",1117,0.0,"D018813","C04.588.322.400.505",0,"Description: A form of multiple endocrine neoplasia characterized<br>by the presence of medullary carcinoma (CARCINOMA, MEDULLARY) of<br>the THYROID GLAND, and usually with the co-occurrence of<br>PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA, producing CALCITONIN and ADRENALINE,<br>respectively. Less frequently, it can occur with hyperplasia or<br>adenoma of the PARATHYROID GLANDS. This disease is due to gain-<br>of-function mutations of the MEN2 gene on CHROMOSOME 10 (Locus:<br>10q11.2), also known as the RET proto-oncogene that encodes a<br>RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE. It is an autosomal dominant<br>inherited disease.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b",445,0.0,"D018814","C04.588.322.400.510",0,"Description: Similar to MEN2A, it is also caused by mutations of<br>the MEN2 gene, also known as the RET proto-oncogene. Its clinical<br>symptoms include medullary carcinoma (CARCINOMA, MEDULLARY) of<br>THYROID GLAND and PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA of ADRENAL MEDULLA (50%).<br>Unlike MEN2a, MEN2b does not involve PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. It<br>can be distinguished from MEN2A by its neural abnormalities such<br>as mucosal NEUROMAS on EYELIDS; LIP; and TONGUE, and<br>ganglioneuromatosis of GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT leading to<br>MEGACOLON. It is an autosomal dominant inherited disease.",""],["Carcinoma, Lewis Lung",1921,0.0,"D018827","C04.557.470.200.280",0,"Description: A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of<br>the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously<br>as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not<br>appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor<br>tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep<br>2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as<br>a transplantable malignancy.",""],["Skull Base Neoplasms",4007,0.0,"D019292","C04.588.149.721.828",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the base of the skull specifically,<br>differentiated from neoplasms of unspecified sites or bones of<br>the skull (SKULL NEOPLASMS).",""],["Optic Nerve Neoplasms",1516,0.0,"D019574","C04.588.614.300.600",1,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from the<br>optic nerve or its sheath. OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA is the most common<br>histologic type. Optic nerve neoplasms tend to cause unilateral<br>visual loss and an afferent pupillary defect and may spread via<br>neural pathways to the brain.",""],["Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration",378,0.0,"D020362","C04.588.614.550.650",0,"Description: Cerebellar degeneration associated with a remote<br>neoplasm. Clinical manifestations include progressive limb and<br>GAIT ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; and NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC. The<br>histologic type of the associated neoplasm is usually carcinoma<br>or lymphoma. Pathologically the cerebellar cortex and subcortical<br>nuclei demonstrate diffuse degenerative changes. Anti-Purkinje<br>cell antibodies (anti-Yo) are found in the serum of approximately<br>50% of affected individuals. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p686)",""],["Limbic Encephalitis",1210,0.0,"D020363","C04.588.614.550.450",0,"Description: A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of<br>neurons in the LIMBIC SYSTEM. Clinical features include<br>HALLUCINATIONS, loss of EPISODIC MEMORY; ANOSMIA; AGEUSIA;<br>TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY; DEMENTIA; and affective disturbance<br>(depression). Circulating anti-neuronal antibodies (e.g., anti-<br>Hu; anti-Yo; anti-Ri; and anti-Ma2) and small cell lung<br>carcinomas or testicular carcinoma are frequently associated with<br>this syndrome.",""],["Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy",272,0.0,"D020364","C04.588.614.550.700",0,"Description: A diffuse or multifocal peripheral neuropathy<br>related to the remote effects of a neoplasm, most often carcinoma<br>or lymphoma. Pathologically, there are inflammatory changes in<br>peripheral nerves. The most common clinical presentation is a<br>symmetric distal mixed sensorimotor polyneuropathy. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1334)",""],["Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell",3714,0.0,"D020522","C04.557.386.480.525",0,"Description: A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually<br>diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small<br>cleaved cells. It accounts for about 5% of adult non-Hodgkin<br>lymphomas in the United States and Europe. The majority of<br>mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14)<br>translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene<br>(GENES, BCL-1).",""],["Central Nervous System Venous Angioma",117,0.0,"D020787","C04.557.645.375.185",0,"Description: A vascular anomaly characterized by a radial or<br>wedge-shaped arrangement of dilated VEINS draining into a larger<br>vein in the brain, spinal cord, or the meninges. Veins in a<br>venous angioma are surrounded by normal nervous tissue, unlike a<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA that lacks<br>intervening nervous tissue. Drainage of venous angioma is fully<br>integrated with the body's venous system, therefore, in most<br>cases there is no clinical signs and rare bleeding.",""],["Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal",10995,0.0,"D021441","C04.588.274.761.750",0,"Description: Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It<br>accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.",""],["Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal",10995,0.0,"D021441","C04.588.322.475.750",0,"Description: Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It<br>accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.",""],["Sarcoma, Myeloid",1394,0.0,"D023981","C04.557.337.539.775",0,"Description: An extramedullary tumor of immature MYELOID CELLS or<br>MYELOBLASTS. Granulocytic sarcoma usually occurs with or follows<br>the onset of ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.",""],["Sarcoma, Myeloid",1394,0.0,"D023981","C04.557.450.795.853",0,"Description: An extramedullary tumor of immature MYELOID CELLS or<br>MYELOBLASTS. Granulocytic sarcoma usually occurs with or follows<br>the onset of ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C04.557.435.595.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Choriocarcinoma, Non-gestational",143,0.0,"D031954","C04.850.908.208.438",0,"Description: A highly malignant CHORIOCARCINOMA derived from the<br>non-placental origin such as the totipotent cells in the TESTIS,<br>the OVARY, and the PINEAL GLAND. It produces high levels of<br>CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN and can metastasize widely through the<br>bloodstream to the lungs, brain, liver, bone, and other viscera<br>by the time of diagnosis.",""],["Endometrial Stromal Tumors",179,0.0,"D036821","C04.557.450.565.325",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the endometrial stroma that sometimes<br>involve the MYOMETRIUM. These tumors contain cells that may<br>closely or remotely resemble the normal stromal cells.<br>Endometrial stromal neoplasms are divided into three categories:<br>(1) benign stromal nodules; (2) low-grade stromal sarcoma, or<br>endolymphatic stromal myosis; and (3) malignant endometrial<br>stromal sarcoma (SARCOMA, ENDOMETRIAL STROMAL).",""],["Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors",8330,0.0,"D046152","C04.557.450.565.370",0,"Description: All tumors in the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT arising<br>from mesenchymal cells (MESODERM) except those of smooth muscle<br>cells (LEIOMYOMA) or Schwann cells (SCHWANNOMA).",""],["Myofibroma",338,0.0,"D047708","C04.557.450.565.540",0,"Description: A benign tumor that consists chiefly of fibrous<br>CONNECTIVE TISSUE, with variable numbers of MUSCLE CELLS forming<br>portions of the neoplasm (From Stedman's, 27th ed).",""],["Acanthoma",278,0.0,"D049309","C04.557.470.700.040",0,"Description: A neoplasm composed of squamous or epidermal cells.",""],["Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma",677,0.0,"D049912","C04.557.470.035.415",0,"Description: A pituitary tumor that secretes GROWTH HORMONE. In<br>humans, excess HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE leads to ACROMEGALY.",""],["Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma",677,0.0,"D049912","C04.588.322.609.292",0,"Description: A pituitary tumor that secretes GROWTH HORMONE. In<br>humans, excess HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE leads to ACROMEGALY.",""],["ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma",492,0.0,"D049913","C04.557.470.035.012",0,"Description: A pituitary adenoma which secretes<br>ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN, leading to CUSHING DISEASE.",""],["Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous",915,0.0,"D051677","C04.557.450.795.400",0,"Description: The most commonly diagnosed soft tissue sarcoma. It<br>is a neoplasm with a fibrohistiocytic appearance found chiefly in<br>later adult life, with peak incidence in the 7th decade.",""],["Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome",405,0.0,"D053578","C04.588.614.550.600",0,"Description: A neurological condition that is characterized by<br>uncontrolled rapid irregular movements of the eye (OPSOCLONUS)<br>and the muscle (MYOCLONUS) causing unsteady, trembling gait. It<br>is also known as dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome and is often<br>associated with neoplasms, viral infections, or autoimmune<br>disorders involving the nervous system.",""],["Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn",342,0.0,"D054000","C04.557.665.560.700",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by lesions occurring on the<br>face, scalp, or neck which consist of congenital hypoplastic<br>malformations of cutaneous structures and which over time undergo<br>verrucous hyperplasia. Additionally it is associated with<br>neurological symptoms and skeletal, ophthalmological, urogenital,<br>and cardiovascular abnormalities.",""],["Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile",445,0.0,"D054429","C04.557.337.539.525",0,"Description: A leukemia affecting young children characterized by<br>SPLENOMEGALY, enlarged lymph nodes, rashes, and hemorrhages.<br>Traditionally classed as a myeloproliferative disease, it is now<br>considered a mixed myeloproliferative-mylelodysplastic disorder.",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative",444,0.0,"D054438","C04.557.337.539.300",0,"Description: A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disorder<br>characterized by myelodysplasia associated with bone marrow and<br>peripheral blood patterns similar to CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA,<br>but cytogenetically lacking a PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME or bcr/abl<br>fusion gene (GENES, ABL).",""],["Mastocytoma, Skin",80,0.0,"D054705","C04.588.805.309.500",0,"Description: A variant of cutaneous mastocytosis which occurs as<br>a single lesion usually in infants. It is found mostly in the<br>wrist and trunk and there is no atypical cytomorphology.",""],["Muir-Torre Syndrome",199,0.0,"D055653","C04.588.805.578.500",0,"Description: A form of LYNCH SYNDROME II associated with<br>cutaneous SEBACEOUS GLAND NEOPLASMS. Muir-Torre syndrome is also<br>associated with other visceral malignant diseases include<br>colorectal, endometrial, urological, and upper gastrointestinal<br>neoplasms.",""],["Muir-Torre Syndrome",199,0.0,"D055653","C04.700.250.500.500",0,"Description: A form of LYNCH SYNDROME II associated with<br>cutaneous SEBACEOUS GLAND NEOPLASMS. Muir-Torre syndrome is also<br>associated with other visceral malignant diseases include<br>colorectal, endometrial, urological, and upper gastrointestinal<br>neoplasms.",""],["Nevus, Halo",94,0.0,"D055882","C04.557.665.560.580",0,"Description: A benign skin lesion characterized by a zone of<br>depigmentation surrounding the nevus.",""],["Carney Complex",252,0.0,"D056733","C04.588.894.309.500",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by cardiac<br>and cutaneous MYXOMAS; LENTIGINOSIS (spotty pigmentation of the<br>skin), and endocrinopathy and its associated endocrine tumors.<br>The cardiac myxomas may lead to SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH and other<br>complications in Carney complex patients. The gene coding for the<br>PRKAR1A protein is one of the causative genetic loci (type 1). A<br>second locus is at chromosome 2p16 (type 2).",""],["Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor",256,0.0,"D058405","C04.557.450.795.315",0,"Description: A rare, aggressive soft tissue sarcoma that<br>primarily affects adolescents and young adults. It is most<br>commonly found in the abdomen.",""],["Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome",345,0.0,"D059885","C04.557.645.375.617",0,"Description: Rapidly growing vascular lesion along the midline<br>axis of the neck, upper trunk, and extremities that is<br>characterized by CONSUMPTION COAGULOPATHY; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and<br>HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA. It is often associated with infantile<br>Kaposiform HEMANGIOENDOTHELIOMA and other vascular tumors such as<br>tufted ANGIOMA.",""],["Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis",1538,0.0,"D060426","C04.588.614.550.112",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by symptoms of CATATONIA;<br>HYPOVENTILATION; DYSKINESIAS; ENCEPHALITIS; and SEIZURES followed<br>by a reduced CONSCIOUSNESS. It is often followed by a viral-like<br>prodrome. Many cases are self-limiting and respond well to<br>IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPIES against the NMDA RECEPTORS antibodies.",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C04.588.322.455.431",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Cystadenofibroma",81,0.0,"D062625","C04.557.470.590.482",0,"Description: Benign or borderline malignant neoplasm of the ovary<br>and surrounding tissues. It is characterized by tumor(s) with<br>cystic glands which are lined by cuboidal EPITHELIAL CELLS with<br>clear cytoplasm, resembling ENDOMETRIUM cells. The glands are<br>separated by fibroblastic STROMAL CELLS.",""],["Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic",719,0.0,"D065646","C04.557.470.200.725",0,"Description: An aggressive THYROID GLAND malignancy which<br>generally occurs in IODINE-deficient areas in people with<br>previous thyroid pathology such as GOITER. It is associated with<br>CELL DEDIFFERENTIATION of THYROID CARCINOMA (e.g., FOLLICULAR<br>THYROID CARCINOMA; PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER). Typical initial<br>presentation is a rapidly growing neck mass which upon metastasis<br>is associated with DYSPHAGIA; NECK PAIN; bone pain; DYSPNEA; and<br>NEUROLOGIC DEFICITS.",""],["Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin",115810,0.3,"D008228","C04.557.386.480",22,"Description: Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid<br>tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous<br>with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course,<br>prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these<br>tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a<br>characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.",""],["Carcinoma",723989,2.0,"D002277","C04.557.470.200",82,"Description: A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells<br>tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to<br>metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a<br>synonym for \"cancer.\"",""],["Unilateral Breast Neoplasms",347,0.0,"D000069584","C04.588.180.800",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer found specifically in one human<br>BREAST, but not in both.",""],["Neoplasms, Connective Tissue",125304,0.4,"D009372","C04.557.450.565",63,"Description: Neoplasms composed of connective tissue, including<br>elastic, mucous, reticular, osseous, and cartilaginous tissue.<br>The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in connective<br>tissue.",""],["Breast Carcinoma In Situ",200,0.0,"D000071960","C04.588.180.130",0,"Description: A condition in which abnormal cells have not spread<br>outside the duct, lobule, or nipple to other tissues of the<br>breast. There are 3 types of breast carcinoma in situ: DUCTAL<br>CARCINOMA IN SITU; LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU; and PAGET DISEASE<br>OF THE NIPPLE.",""],["Adenoma",90730,0.3,"D000236","C04.557.470.035",33,"Description: A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular<br>organization.",""],["Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage",3634,0.0,"D018294","C04.557.470.550",8,"Description: Neoplasms composed of sebaceous or sweat gland<br>tissue or tissue of other skin appendages. The concept does not<br>refer to neoplasms located in the sebaceous or sweat glands or in<br>the other skin appendages.",""],["Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis",1027,0.0,"D000075363","C04.557.595.250",0,"Description: A nonproliferative disorder of the PLASMA CELL<br>characterized by excessive production and misfolding of<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS that form insoluble amyloid fibrils<br>(see AMYLOID DEPOSITS) in various tissues. Clinical features<br>include LIVER FAILURE; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME;<br>RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY, and neuropathies.",""],["Respiratory Tract Neoplasms",344231,1.0,"D012142","C04.588.894.797",17,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the RESPIRATORY<br>SYSTEM.",""],["Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck",4172,0.0,"D000077195","C04.588.443.177",0,"Description: The most common type of head and neck carcinoma that<br>originates from cells on the surface of the NASAL CAVITY; MOUTH;<br>PARANASAL SINUSES, SALIVARY GLANDS, and LARYNX. Mutations in<br>TNFRSF10B, PTEN, and ING1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Sarcoma",139883,0.4,"D012509","C04.557.450.795",39,"Description: A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation<br>of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.",""],["Ovarian Neoplasms",91123,0.3,"D010051","C04.588.322.455",7,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can<br>be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the<br>tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal<br>endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.",""],["Thyroid Neoplasms",62872,0.2,"D013964","C04.588.322.894",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.",""],["Thyroid Neoplasms",62872,0.2,"D013964","C04.588.443.915",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.",""],["Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms",90978,0.3,"D010039","C04.588.443.665",11,"Description: A general concept for tumors or cancer of any part<br>of the EAR; the NOSE; the THROAT; and the PHARYNX. It is used<br>when there is no specific heading.",""],["Neoplasms, Squamous Cell",149358,0.4,"D018307","C04.557.470.700",9,"Description: Neoplasms of the SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. The<br>concept does not refer to neoplasms located in tissue composed of<br>squamous elements.",""],["Gastrointestinal Neoplasms",444360,1.3,"D005770","C04.588.274.476",19,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, from<br>the MOUTH to the ANAL CANAL.",""],["Esophageal Neoplasms",57385,0.2,"D004938","C04.588.443.353",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Hemangiopericytoma",2921,0.0,"D006393","C04.557.645.380",1,"Description: A tumor composed of spindle cells with a rich<br>vascular network, which apparently arises from pericytes, cells<br>of smooth muscle origin that lie around small vessels. Benign and<br>malignant hemangiopericytomas exist, and the rarity of these<br>lesions has led to considerable confusion in distinguishing<br>between benign and malignant variants. (From Dorland, 27th ed;<br>DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d<br>ed, p1364)",""],["Neoplasms, Ductal, Lobular, and Medullary",45672,0.1,"D018299","C04.557.470.615",10,"Description: Neoplasms, usually carcinoma, located within the<br>center of an organ or within small lobes, and in the case of the<br>breast, intraductally. The emphasis of the name is on the<br>location of the neoplastic tissue rather than on its histological<br>type. Most cancers of this type are located in the breast.",""],["Pancreatic Neoplasms",101155,0.3,"D010190","C04.588.274.761",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the<br>types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can<br>be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from<br>PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-<br>SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing<br>tumors (INSULINOMA).",""],["Pancreatic Neoplasms",101155,0.3,"D010190","C04.588.322.475",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the<br>types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can<br>be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from<br>PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-<br>SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing<br>tumors (INSULINOMA).",""],["Extranodal Extension",86,0.0,"D000079822","C04.697.650.280",0,"Description: A penetration of LYMPH NODE metastatic cells through<br>the nodal capsule into the perinodal fatty tissue used in a TUMOR<br>STAGING system (the TNM staging system).",""],["Neuroectodermal Tumors",325069,0.9,"D017599","C04.557.465.625",50,"Description: Malignant neoplasms arising in the neuroectoderm,<br>the portion of the ectoderm of the early embryo that gives rise<br>to the central and peripheral nervous systems, including some<br>glial cells.",""],["Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial",140387,0.4,"D018302","C04.557.470.670",21,"Description: Neoplasms composed of neuroepithelial cells, which<br>have the capacity to differentiate into NEURONS,<br>oligodendrocytes, and ASTROCYTES. The majority of craniospinal<br>tumors are of neuroepithelial origin. (From Dev Biol 1998 Aug<br>1;200(1):1-5)",""],["Neuroectodermal Tumors",323082,0.9,"D017599","C04.557.580.625",47,"Description: Malignant neoplasms arising in the neuroectoderm,<br>the portion of the ectoderm of the early embryo that gives rise<br>to the central and peripheral nervous systems, including some<br>glial cells.",""],["Central Nervous System Neoplasms",222128,0.6,"D016543","C04.588.614.250",22,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise<br>from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges.",""],["Cell Transformation, Neoplastic",42057,0.1,"D002471","C04.697.098.500",3,"Description: Cell changes manifested by escape from control<br>mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell<br>surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical<br>deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the<br>ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.",""],["Heart Neoplasms",17952,0.1,"D006338","C04.588.894.309",2,"Description: Tumors in any part of the heart. They include<br>primary cardiac tumors and metastatic tumors to the heart. Their<br>interference with normal cardiac functions can cause a wide<br>variety of symptoms including HEART FAILURE; CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS;<br>or EMBOLISM.",""],["Neoplasms, Mesothelial",15188,0.0,"D018301","C04.557.470.660",4,"Description: Neoplasms composed of tissue of the mesothelium, the<br>layer of flat cells, derived from the mesoderm, which lines the<br>body cavity of the embryo. In the adult it forms the simple<br>squamous epithelium which covers all true serous membranes<br>(peritoneum, pericardium, pleura). The concept does not refer to<br>neoplasms located in these organs. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic",744,0.0,"D000182","C04.730.713.317",0,"Description: Symptom complex due to ACTH production by non-<br>pituitary neoplasms.",""],["Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial",3488,0.0,"D018225","C04.557.470.625",4,"Description: Neoplasms composed of fibrous and epithelial tissue.<br>The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in fibrous tissue<br>or epithelium.",""],["Adenolymphoma",1442,0.0,"D000235","C04.557.435.075",0,"Description: A benign tumor characterized histologically by tall<br>columnar epithelium within a lymphoid tissue stroma. It is<br>usually found in the salivary glands, especially the parotid.",""],["Adrenal Gland Neoplasms",29304,0.1,"D000310","C04.588.322.078",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ADRENAL GLANDS.",""],["Ameloblastoma",3423,0.0,"D000564","C04.557.695.065",0,"Description: An immature epithelial tumor of the JAW originating<br>from the epithelial rests of Malassez or from other epithelial<br>remnants of the ENAMEL from the developmental period. It is a<br>slowly growing tumor, usually benign, but displays a marked<br>propensity for invasive growth.",""],["Angiokeratoma",644,0.0,"D000794","C04.557.645.115",0,"Description: A vascular, horny neoplasm of the skin characterized<br>by TELANGIECTASIS and secondary epithelial changes including<br>acanthosis and hyperkeratosis.",""],["Leukemia, Experimental",14358,0.0,"D007942","C04.557.337.372",4,"Description: Leukemia induced experimentally in animals by<br>exposure to leukemogenic agents, such as VIRUSES; RADIATION; or<br>by TRANSPLANTATION of leukemic tissues.",""],["Avian Leukosis",1162,0.0,"D001353","C04.619.531.216",0,"Description: A group of transmissible viral diseases of chickens<br>and turkeys. Liver tumors are found in most forms, but tumors can<br>be found elsewhere.",""],["Sarcoma, Avian",864,0.0,"D001357","C04.619.857.800",0,"Description: Connective tissue tumors, affecting primarily fowl,<br>that are usually caused by avian sarcoma viruses.",""],["Jaw Cysts",7752,0.0,"D007570","C04.182.089.530",7,"Description: Saccular lesions lined with epithelium and contained<br>within pathologically formed cavities in the jaw; also<br>nonepithelial cysts (pseudocysts) as they apply to the jaw, e.g.,<br>traumatic or solitary cyst, static bone cavity, and aneurysmal<br>bone cyst. True jaw cysts are classified as odontogenic or<br>nonodontogenic.",""],["Neoplasms, Basal Cell",17892,0.1,"D018295","C04.557.470.565",4,"Description: Neoplasms composed of cells from the deepest layer<br>of the epidermis. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located<br>in the stratum basale.",""],["Biliary Tract Neoplasms",31395,0.1,"D001661","C04.588.274.120",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the BILIARY TRACT including the<br>BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.",""],["Urologic Neoplasms",190784,0.5,"D014571","C04.588.945.947",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY TRACT in either the<br>male or the female.",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid",99372,0.3,"D007951","C04.557.337.539",17,"Description: Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled<br>proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors<br>(MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites.",""],["Carcinosarcoma",5150,0.0,"D002296","C04.557.435.290",1,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that contains elements of<br>carcinoma and sarcoma so extensively intermixed as to indicate<br>neoplasia of epithelial and mesenchymal tissue. (Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous",27149,0.1,"D018297","C04.557.470.590",15,"Description: Neoplasms containing cyst-like formations or<br>producing mucin or serum.",""],["Cementoma",351,0.0,"D002485","C04.557.695.210",0,"Description: An odontogenic fibroma in which cells have developed<br>into cementoblasts and which consists largely of cementum.",""],["Genital Neoplasms, Female",169699,0.5,"D005833","C04.588.945.418",7,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the female reproductive tract<br>(GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Chordoma",3524,0.0,"D002817","C04.557.465.220",0,"Description: A malignant tumor arising from the embryonic remains<br>of the notochord. It is also called chordocarcinoma,<br>chordoepithelioma, and notochordoma. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Trophoblastic Neoplasms",13268,0.0,"D014328","C04.557.465.955",6,"Description: Trophoblastic growth, which may be gestational or<br>nongestational in origin. Trophoblastic neoplasia resulting from<br>pregnancy is often described as gestational trophoblastic disease<br>to distinguish it from germ cell tumors which frequently show<br>trophoblastic elements, and from the trophoblastic<br>differentiation which sometimes occurs in a wide variety of<br>epithelial cancers. Gestational trophoblastic growth has several<br>forms, including HYDATIDIFORM MOLE and CHORIOCARCINOMA. (From<br>Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1691)",""],["Gestational Trophoblastic Disease",5691,0.0,"D031901","C04.850.908.416",2,"Description: A group of diseases arising from pregnancy that are<br>commonly associated with hyperplasia of trophoblasts<br>(TROPHOBLAST) and markedly elevated human CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN.<br>They include HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, invasive mole (HYDATIDIFORM MOLE,<br>INVASIVE), placental-site trophoblastic tumor (TROPHOBLASTIC<br>TUMOR, PLACENTAL SITE), and CHORIOCARCINOMA. These neoplasms have<br>varying propensities for invasion and spread.",""],["Choriocarcinoma",5630,0.0,"D002822","C04.850.908.208",2,"Description: A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors.<br>Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no<br>CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated<br>cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is<br>characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN<br>produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses:<br>placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin<br>(CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL).",""],["Uveal Neoplasms",10637,0.0,"D014604","C04.588.364.978",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UVEA.",""],["Cocarcinogenesis",1174,0.0,"D003043","C04.697.098.875",0,"Description: The combination of two or more different factors in<br>the production of cancer.",""],["Conjunctival Neoplasms",2746,0.0,"D003230","C04.588.364.235",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the CONJUNCTIVA.",""],["Cranial Nerve Neoplasms",12327,0.0,"D003390","C04.588.614.300",3,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from one<br>or more of the twelve cranial nerves.",""],["Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms",16589,0.0,"D010524","C04.588.614.596",4,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from peripheral nerve tissue.<br>This includes NEUROFIBROMAS; SCHWANNOMAS; GRANULAR CELL TUMORS;<br>and malignant peripheral NERVE SHEATH NEOPLASMS. (From DeVita Jr<br>et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed,<br>pp1750-1)",""],["Teratoma",18553,0.1,"D013724","C04.557.465.910",2,"Description: A true neoplasm composed of a number of different<br>types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it<br>occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three<br>germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are<br>classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature<br>(malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles &<br>Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642)",""],["Germinoma",10113,0.0,"D018237","C04.557.465.330",2,"Description: A malignant neoplasm of the germinal tissue of the<br>GONADS; MEDIASTINUM; or pineal region. Germinomas are uniform in<br>appearance, consisting of large, round cells with vesicular<br>nuclei and clear or finely granular eosinophilic-staining<br>cytoplasm. (Stedman, 265th ed; from DeVita Jr et al., Cancer:<br>Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1642-3)",""],["Nevus",16071,0.0,"D009506","C04.557.665.560",10,"Description: A circumscribed stable malformation of the skin and<br>occasionally of the oral mucosa, which is not due to external<br>causes and therefore presumed to be of hereditary origin.",""],["Facial Neoplasms",11241,0.0,"D005153","C04.588.443.392",1,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the FACE.",""],["Femoral Neoplasms",3071,0.0,"D005266","C04.588.149.276",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the FEMUR.",""],["Gardner Syndrome",549,0.0,"D005736","C04.700.100.392",0,"Description: A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by<br>mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is<br>characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic<br>polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the<br>FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI<br>tract.",""],["Genital Neoplasms, Male",185038,0.5,"D005834","C04.588.945.440",7,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the MALE GENITALIA.",""],["Mouth Neoplasms",72028,0.2,"D009062","C04.588.443.591",10,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.",""],["Glomus Tumor",2408,0.0,"D005918","C04.557.645.350",0,"Description: A blue-red, extremely painful vascular neoplasm<br>involving a glomeriform arteriovenous anastomosis (glomus body),<br>which may be found anywhere in the skin, most often in the distal<br>portion of the fingers and toes, especially beneath the nail. It<br>is composed of specialized pericytes (sometimes termed glomus<br>cells), usually in single encapsulated nodular masses which may<br>be several millimeters in diameter (From Stedman, 27th ed).<br>CHEMODECTOMA, a tumor of NEURAL CREST origin, is also sometimes<br>called a glomus tumor.",""],["Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumors",6906,0.0,"D018312","C04.557.475.750",6,"Description: Neoplasms derived from the primitive sex cord or<br>gonadal stromal cells of the embryonic GONADS. They are<br>classified by their presumed histogenesis and differentiation.<br>From the sex cord, there are SERTOLI CELL TUMOR and GRANULOSA<br>CELL TUMOR; from the gonadal stroma, LEYDIG CELL TUMOR and<br>THECOMA. These tumors may be identified in either the OVARY or<br>the TESTIS.",""],["Hemangioma",34524,0.1,"D006391","C04.557.645.375",9,"Description: A vascular anomaly due to proliferation of BLOOD<br>VESSELS that forms a tumor-like mass. The common types involve<br>CAPILLARIES and VEINS. It can occur anywhere in the body but is<br>most frequently noticed in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.<br>(from Stedman, 27th ed, 2000)",""],["Hemangiosarcoma",6697,0.0,"D006394","C04.557.645.390",0,"Description: A rare malignant neoplasm characterized by rapidly<br>proliferating, extensively infiltrating, anaplastic cells derived<br>from blood vessels and lining irregular blood-filled or lumpy<br>spaces. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Liver Neoplasms",254132,0.7,"D008113","C04.588.274.623",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.",""],["Hodgkin Disease",30870,0.1,"D006689","C04.557.386.355",0,"Description: A malignant disease characterized by progressive<br>enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid<br>tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate<br>Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular<br>lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells<br>are seen.",""],["Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease",188,0.0,"D007161","C04.557.386.390",0,"Description: A condition that is caused by HYPERPLASIA of<br>LYMPHOCYTES in the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL) and the<br>mesenteric LYMPH NODES. These lymphocytes produce an anomalous<br>alpha heavy chain protein. Generally, these IPSID patients have<br>either concurrent LYMPHOMA or develop lymphoma within a few<br>years. The disease was first described in the Mediterranean<br>region and is characterized by malabsorption; WEIGHT LOSS;<br>DIARRHEA; and STEATORRHEA.",""],["Skull Neoplasms",47665,0.1,"D012888","C04.588.149.721",7,"Description: Neoplasms of the bony part of the skull.",""],["Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue",46190,0.1,"D009379","C04.557.450.590",14,"Description: Neoplasms composed of muscle tissue: skeletal,<br>cardiac, or smooth. The concept does not refer to neoplasms<br>located in muscles.",""],["Leukemia L1210",3060,0.0,"D007939","C04.619.531.594",0,"Description: An experimental LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA of mice.",""],["Leukemia L5178",474,0.0,"D007940","C04.619.531.602",0,"Description: An experimental lymphocytic leukemia of mice.",""],["Leukemia P388",962,0.0,"D007941","C04.619.531.782",0,"Description: An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally<br>induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.",""],["Leukemia, Hairy Cell",4024,0.0,"D007943","C04.557.337.415",0,"Description: A neoplastic disease of the lymphoreticular cells<br>which is considered to be a rare type of chronic leukemia; it is<br>characterized by an insidious onset, splenomegaly, anemia,<br>granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, little or no lymphadenopathy,<br>and the presence of \"hairy\" or \"flagellated\" cells in the blood<br>and bone marrow.",""],["Leukemia, Lymphoid",75018,0.2,"D007945","C04.557.337.428",14,"Description: Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid<br>tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant<br>LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.",""],["Leukemia, Mast-Cell",171,0.0,"D007946","C04.557.337.440",0,"Description: A form of systemic mastocytosis (MASTOCYTOSIS,<br>SYSTEMIC) characterized by the presence of large numbers of<br>tissue MAST CELLS in the peripheral blood without skin lesions.<br>It is a high-grade LEUKEMIA disease with bone marrow smear of<br>>20% MAST CELLS, multi-organ failure and a short survival.",""],["Leukemia, Plasma Cell",987,0.0,"D007952","C04.557.337.595",0,"Description: A rare, aggressive variant of MULTIPLE MYELOMA<br>characterized by the circulation of excessive PLASMA CELLS in the<br>peripheral blood. It can be a primary manifestation of multiple<br>myeloma or develop as a terminal complication during the disease.",""],["Multiple Myeloma",42995,0.1,"D009101","C04.557.595.500",1,"Description: A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in<br>monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by<br>hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction,<br>bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Leukemia, Radiation-Induced",1773,0.0,"D007953","C04.557.337.650",0,"Description: Leukemia produced by exposure to IONIZING RADIATION<br>or NON-IONIZING RADIATION.",""],["Leukoplakia, Oral",2448,0.0,"D007972","C04.834.512.513",1,"Description: A white patch seen on the oral mucosa. It is<br>considered a premalignant condition and is often tobacco-induced.<br>When evidence of Epstein-Barr virus is present, the condition is<br>called hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).",""],["Testicular Neoplasms",26879,0.1,"D013736","C04.588.322.762",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors<br>(GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular<br>neoplasms.",""],["Neoplasms, Adipose Tissue",20028,0.1,"D018205","C04.557.450.550",7,"Description: Neoplasms composed of fatty tissue or connective<br>tissue made up of fat cells in a meshwork of areolar tissue. The<br>concept does not refer to neoplasms located in adipose tissue.",""],["Lymphangioma",5751,0.0,"D008202","C04.557.375.450",1,"Description: A benign tumor resulting from a congenital<br>malformation of the lymphatic system. Lymphangioendothelioma is a<br>type of lymphangioma in which endothelial cells are the dominant<br>component.",""],["Lymphangiomyoma",1713,0.0,"D008203","C04.557.375.460",1,"Description: A tumorlike condition characterized by SMOOTH MUSCLE<br>and ENDOTHELIUM proliferation of LYMPHATIC VESSELS and LYMPH<br>NODES in the MEDIASTINUM and retroperitoneum, also in the lung.<br>It may be manifested by chylous PLEURAL EFFUSION and ASCITES.",""],["Lymphangiosarcoma",389,0.0,"D008204","C04.557.375.480",0,"Description: A malignant tumor originating from the endothelial<br>cells of lymphatic vessels. Most lymphangiosarcomas arise in an<br>arm secondary to radical mastectomy but they sometimes complicate<br>idiopathic lymphedema. The lymphedema has usually been present<br>for 6 to 10 years before malignant changes develop. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1866)",""],["Lymphatic Metastasis",14317,0.0,"D008207","C04.697.650.560",0,"Description: Transfer of a neoplasm from its primary site to<br>lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body by way of the<br>lymphatic system.",""],["Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia",4668,0.0,"D008258","C04.557.595.925",0,"Description: A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by<br>pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased<br>levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is<br>lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often<br>other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical<br>features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.",""],["Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental",15354,0.0,"D008325","C04.588.531.500",0,"Description: Experimentally induced mammary neoplasms in animals<br>to provide a model for studying human BREAST NEOPLASMS.",""],["Mediastinal Neoplasms",12563,0.0,"D008479","C04.588.894.479",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MEDIASTINUM.",""],["Melanoma",96877,0.3,"D008545","C04.557.665.510",3,"Description: A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are<br>capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any<br>part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes<br>of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs<br>mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented<br>nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize<br>widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are<br>likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas<br>is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed;<br>from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)",""],["Meningioma",17555,0.0,"D008579","C04.557.580.520",0,"Description: A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well<br>differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low<br>potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur.<br>Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal<br>region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove,<br>and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)",""],["Meningioma",17555,0.0,"D008579","C04.557.645.520",0,"Description: A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well<br>differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low<br>potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur.<br>Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal<br>region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove,<br>and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)",""],["Mesenchymoma",1744,0.0,"D008637","C04.557.435.500",0,"Description: A mixed mesenchymal tumor composed of two or more<br>mesodermal cellular elements not commonly associated, not<br>counting fibrous tissue as one of the elements. Mesenchymomas are<br>widely distributed in the body and about 75% are malignant.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1866)",""],["Mesonephroma",1843,0.0,"D008649","C04.557.465.510",1,"Description: A rare tumor of the female genital tract, most often<br>the ovary, formerly considered to be derived from mesonephric<br>rests. Two varieties are recognized: (1) clear cell carcinoma, so<br>called because of its histologic resemblance to renal cell<br>carcinoma, and now considered to be of muellerian duct derivation<br>and (2) an embryonal tumor (called also ENDODERMAL SINUS TUMOR<br>and yolk sac tumor), occurring chiefly in children. The latter<br>variety may also arise in the testis. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Adenoma, Pleomorphic",4032,0.0,"D008949","C04.557.435.090",0,"Description: A benign, slow-growing tumor, most commonly of the<br>salivary gland, occurring as a small, painless, firm nodule,<br>usually of the parotid gland, but also found in any major or<br>accessory salivary gland anywhere in the oral cavity. It is most<br>often seen in women in the fifth decade. Histologically, the<br>tumor presents a variety of cells: cuboidal, columnar, and<br>squamous cells, showing all forms of epithelial growth. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System",22063,0.1,"D020361","C04.588.614.550",8,"Description: Degenerative or inflammatory conditions affecting<br>the central or peripheral nervous system that develop in<br>association with a systemic neoplasm without direct invasion by<br>tumor. They may be associated with circulating antibodies that<br>react with the affected neural tissue. (Intern Med 1996<br>Dec;35(12):925-9)",""],["Myasthenia Gravis",15672,0.0,"D009157","C04.730.856.490",1,"Description: A disorder of neuromuscular transmission<br>characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal<br>muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or<br>muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies.<br>Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness<br>(fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia;<br>ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable<br>weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb<br>muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles<br>(ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this<br>condition.",""],["Myelitis, Transverse",1573,0.0,"D009188","C04.730.856.543",0,"Description: Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal<br>cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental demyelination<br>or necrosis. The condition may occur sporadically, follow an<br>infection or vaccination, or present as a paraneoplastic syndrome<br>(see also ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED). Clinical<br>manifestations include motor weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1242-6)",""],["Myoepithelioma",1168,0.0,"D009208","C04.557.435.585",0,"Description: A usually benign tumor made up predominantly of<br>myoepithelial cells.",""],["Pituitary Neoplasms",27810,0.1,"D010911","C04.588.322.609",4,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the<br>PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are<br>adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting<br>forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type<br>of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be<br>characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA,<br>BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE).<br>Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the<br>HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM.<br>Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.",""],["Neoplastic Cells, Circulating",8589,0.0,"D009360","C04.697.650.900",0,"Description: Exfoliate neoplastic cells circulating in the blood<br>and associated with metastasizing tumors.",""],["Neoplasm Seeding",2045,0.0,"D009366","C04.697.650.830",0,"Description: The local implantation of tumor cells by<br>contamination of instruments and surgical equipment during and<br>after surgical resection, resulting in local growth of the cells<br>and tumor formation.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia",4959,0.0,"D009377","C04.588.322.400",3,"Description: A group of autosomal dominant diseases characterized<br>by the combined occurrence of tumors involving two or more<br>ENDOCRINE GLANDS that secrete PEPTIDE HORMONES or AMINES. These<br>neoplasias are often benign but can be malignant. They are<br>classified by the endocrine glands involved and the degree of<br>aggressiveness. The two major forms are MEN1 and MEN2 with gene<br>mutations on CHROMOSOME 11 and CHROMOSOME 10, respectively.",""],["Neoplasms, Unknown Primary",3552,0.0,"D009382","C04.697.650.895",0,"Description: Metastases in which the tissue of origin is unknown.",""],["Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes",1001,0.0,"D009384","C04.588.322.490",0,"Description: Syndromes resulting from inappropriate production of<br>HORMONES or hormone-like materials by NEOPLASMS in non-endocrine<br>tissues or not by the usual ENDOCRINE GLANDS. Such hormone<br>outputs are called ectopic hormone (HORMONES, ECTOPIC) secretion.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.0,"D009396","C04.557.435.595",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Nerve Sheath Neoplasms",43071,0.1,"D018317","C04.557.580.600",11,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from nerve sheaths formed by<br>SCHWANN CELLS in the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM or by<br>OLIGODENDROCYTES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Malignant<br>peripheral nerve sheath tumors, NEUROFIBROMA, and NEURILEMMOMA<br>are relatively common tumors in this category.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 1",9737,0.0,"D009456","C04.700.631.650",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a<br>high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features<br>developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and<br>skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL<br>CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous<br>tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central<br>nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE<br>GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which<br>inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on<br>chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also<br>elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical<br>features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene<br>products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras<br>(RAS PROTEINS).",""],["Odontoma",871,0.0,"D009810","C04.557.695.610",0,"Description: A mixed tumor of odontogenic origin, in which both<br>the epithelial and mesenchymal cells exhibit complete<br>differentiation, resulting in the formation of tooth structures.<br>(Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)",""],["Orbital Neoplasms",8540,0.0,"D009918","C04.588.364.659",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the bony orbit and contents except the<br>eyeball.",""],["Pancreatic Pseudocyst",2899,0.0,"D010192","C04.182.640.692",0,"Description: Cyst-like space not lined by EPITHELIUM and<br>contained within the PANCREAS. Pancreatic pseudocysts account for<br>most of the cystic collections in the pancreas and are often<br>associated with chronic PANCREATITIS.",""],["Parathyroid Neoplasms",6614,0.0,"D010282","C04.588.322.525",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARATHYROID GLANDS.",""],["Parathyroid Neoplasms",6614,0.0,"D010282","C04.588.443.680",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARATHYROID GLANDS.",""],["Peritoneal Neoplasms",15784,0.0,"D010534","C04.588.033.513",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.",""],["Peritoneal Neoplasms",15784,0.0,"D010534","C04.588.274.780",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.",""],["Plasmacytoma",6732,0.0,"D010954","C04.557.595.600",0,"Description: Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of<br>neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various<br>extramedullary sites.",""],["Polycystic Ovary Syndrome",16421,0.0,"D011085","C04.182.612.765",0,"Description: A complex disorder characterized by infertility,<br>HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as<br>OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary<br>syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries<br>studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term,<br>polycystic ovary, is misleading.",""],["Bone Marrow Neoplasms",7234,0.0,"D019046","C04.588.448.200",1,"Description: Neoplasms located in the bone marrow. They are<br>differentiated from neoplasms composed of bone marrow cells, such<br>as MULTIPLE MYELOMA. Most bone marrow neoplasms are metastatic.",""],["Popliteal Cyst",560,0.0,"D011151","C04.182.867.500",0,"Description: A SYNOVIAL CYST located in the back of the knee, in<br>the popliteal space arising from the semimembranous bursa or the<br>knee joint.",""],["Retinal Neoplasms",11155,0.0,"D019572","C04.588.364.818",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the RETINA.",""],["Retroperitoneal Neoplasms",8949,0.0,"D012186","C04.588.033.731",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the RETROPERITONEAL<br>SPACE.",""],["Sarcoma 180",1864,0.0,"D012510","C04.619.857.656",0,"Description: An experimental sarcoma of mice.",""],["Sarcoma 37",227,0.0,"D012511","C04.619.857.573",0,"Description: An experimental sarcoma of mice.",""],["Sarcoma, Kaposi",8840,0.0,"D012514","C04.557.645.750",0,"Description: A multicentric, malignant neoplastic vascular<br>proliferation characterized by the development of bluish-red<br>cutaneous nodules, usually on the lower extremities, most often<br>on the toes or feet, and slowly increasing in size and number and<br>spreading to more proximal areas. The tumors have endothelium-<br>lined channels and vascular spaces admixed with variably sized<br>aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, and often remain confined to<br>the skin and subcutaneous tissue, but widespread visceral<br>involvement may occur. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs spontaneously in<br>Jewish and Italian males in Europe and the United States. An<br>aggressive variant in young children is endemic in some areas of<br>Africa. A third form occurs in about 0.04% of kidney transplant<br>patients. There is also a high incidence in AIDS patients. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed,<br>pp2105-7) HHV-8 is the suspected cause.",""],["Sarcoma, Yoshida",1281,0.0,"D012517","C04.619.857.822",0,"Description: An experimental sarcoma of rats.",""],["Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms",1619,0.0,"D012626","C04.588.805.578",1,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SEBACEOUS<br>GLANDS.",""],["Spinal Neoplasms",14590,0.0,"D013125","C04.588.149.828",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SPINE.",""],["Sweat Gland Neoplasms",3705,0.0,"D013544","C04.588.805.776",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SWEAT GLANDS.",""],["Thymoma",7009,0.0,"D013945","C04.557.435.850",0,"Description: A neoplasm originating from thymic tissue, usually<br>benign, and frequently encapsulated. Although it is occasionally<br>invasive, metastases are extremely rare. It consists of any type<br>of thymic epithelial cell as well as lymphocytes that are usually<br>abundant. Malignant lymphomas that involve the thymus, e.g.,<br>lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease (previously termed granulomatous<br>thymoma), should not be regarded as thymoma. (From Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Thymus Neoplasms",15835,0.0,"D013953","C04.588.894.949",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the THYMUS GLAND.",""],["Tracheal Neoplasms",3431,0.0,"D014134","C04.588.443.925",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the TRACHEA.",""],["Mastocytosis, Cutaneous",1734,0.0,"D034701","C04.588.805.309",2,"Description: Skin lesions due to abnormal infiltration of MAST<br>CELLS. Cutaneous mastocytosis is confined to the skin without the<br>involvement of other tissues or organs, and is mostly found in<br>children. The three major variants are: URTICARIA PIGMENTOSA;<br>diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis; and SOLITARY MASTOCYTOMA OF SKIN.",""],["Venereal Tumors, Veterinary",232,0.0,"D014685","C04.588.945.956",0,"Description: Tumors most commonly seen on or near the genitalia.<br>They are venereal, most likely transmitted through<br>transplantation of cells by contact. Metastases have been<br>reported. Spontaneous regression may occur.",""],["Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome",2202,0.0,"D015043","C04.730.713.988",0,"Description: A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of<br>severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-<br>producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA).<br>This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE<br>ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.0,"D016518","C04.700.631.655",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Leukemia, Feline",247,0.0,"D016582","C04.557.337.385",0,"Description: A neoplastic disease of cats frequently associated<br>with feline leukemia virus infection.",""],["Enzootic Bovine Leukosis",693,0.0,"D016583","C04.557.337.100",0,"Description: A lymphoid neoplastic disease in cattle caused by<br>the bovine leukemia virus. Enzootic bovine leukosis may take the<br>form of lymphosarcoma, malignant lymphoma, or leukemia but the<br>presence of malignant cells in the blood is not a consistent<br>finding.",""],["Proteus Syndrome",401,0.0,"D016715","C04.445.435.500",0,"Description: Hamartoneoplastic malformation syndrome of uncertain<br>etiology characterized by partial GIGANTISM of the hands and/or<br>feet, asymmetry of the limbs, plantar hyperplasia, hemangiomas<br>(HEMANGIOMA), lipomas (LIPOMA), lymphangiomas (LYMPHANGIOMA),<br>epidermal NEVI; MACROCEPHALY; cranial HYPEROSTOSIS, and long-bone<br>overgrowth. Joseph Merrick, the so-called \"elephant man\",<br>apparently suffered from Proteus syndrome and not<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, a disorder with similar characteristics.",""],["Proteus Syndrome",401,0.0,"D016715","C04.651.435.500",0,"Description: Hamartoneoplastic malformation syndrome of uncertain<br>etiology characterized by partial GIGANTISM of the hands and/or<br>feet, asymmetry of the limbs, plantar hyperplasia, hemangiomas<br>(HEMANGIOMA), lipomas (LIPOMA), lymphangiomas (LYMPHANGIOMA),<br>epidermal NEVI; MACROCEPHALY; cranial HYPEROSTOSIS, and long-bone<br>overgrowth. Joseph Merrick, the so-called \"elephant man\",<br>apparently suffered from Proteus syndrome and not<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, a disorder with similar characteristics.",""],["Leukemic Infiltration",1040,0.0,"D017254","C04.697.645.500",0,"Description: A pathologic change in leukemia in which leukemic<br>cells permeate various organs at any stage of the disease. All<br>types of leukemia show various degrees of infiltration, depending<br>upon the type of leukemia. The degree of infiltration may vary<br>from site to site. The liver and spleen are common sites of<br>infiltration, the greatest appearing in myelocytic leukemia, but<br>infiltration is seen also in the granulocytic and lymphocytic<br>types. The kidney is also a common site and of the<br>gastrointestinal system, the stomach and ileum are commonly<br>involved. In lymphocytic leukemia the skin is often infiltrated.<br>The central nervous system too is a common site.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C04.700.900.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal",1346,0.0,"D017824","C04.182.089.265",0,"Description: Fibrous blood-filled cyst in the bone. Although<br>benign it can be destructive causing deformity and fractures.",""],["Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms",4353,0.0,"D054973","C04.557.450.692",2,"Description: A family of mesenchymal tumors composed of<br>histologically and immunohistochemically distinctive perivascular<br>epithelioid cells. These cells do not have a normal anatomic<br>homolog. (From Fletcher CDM, et. al., World Health Organization<br>Classification of Tumors: Pathology and Genetics of Tumors of<br>Soft Tissue and Bone, 2002).",""],["Adenomyoma",543,0.0,"D018194","C04.557.435.110",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of muscle (usually smooth muscle)<br>with glandular elements. It occurs most frequently in the uterus<br>and uterine ligaments. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Adenosarcoma",336,0.0,"D018195","C04.557.435.135",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm arising simultaneously or<br>consecutively in mesodermal tissue and glandular epithelium of<br>the same part. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Adenosquamous",1542,0.0,"D018196","C04.557.435.250",0,"Description: A mixed adenocarcinoma and squamous cell or<br>epidermoid carcinoma.",""],["Hepatoblastoma",1761,0.0,"D018197","C04.557.435.380",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm occurring in young children,<br>primarily in the liver, composed of tissue resembling embryonal<br>or fetal hepatic epithelium, or mixed epithelial and mesenchymal<br>tissues. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Mixed Tumor, Malignant",331,0.0,"D018198","C04.557.435.525",0,"Description: A malignant tumor composed of more than one type of<br>neoplastic tissue. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Mixed Tumor, Mesodermal",121,0.0,"D018199","C04.557.435.530",0,"Description: A sarcoma of the body of the uterus arising in older<br>women, composed of more than one mesenchymal tissue, especially<br>including striated muscle cells. It is associated with previous<br>pelvic radiation exposure in 20% of patients. (Stedman, 25th ed;<br>Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1702)",""],["Mixed Tumor, Mullerian",500,0.0,"D018200","C04.557.435.540",0,"Description: A tumor, basically a carcinoma with a single sarcoma<br>such as leiomyosarcoma or angiosarcoma or multiple sarcomas of<br>uterine origin. The role of estrogen has been postulated as a<br>possible etiological factor in this tumor. (Holland et al.,<br>Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1703)",""],["Nephroma, Mesoblastic",288,0.0,"D018201","C04.557.435.600",0,"Description: A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the KIDNEY composed<br>of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble FIBROBLASTS or muscle<br>cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal<br>parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases,<br>mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or<br>newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult.",""],["Pulmonary Blastoma",520,0.0,"D018202","C04.557.435.675",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm of the lung composed chiefly or<br>entirely of immature undifferentiated cells (i.e., blast forms)<br>with little or virtually no stroma. (From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal",768,0.0,"D018203","C04.557.435.775",0,"Description: A highly malignant subset of neoplasms arising from<br>the endometrial stroma. Tumors in this group infiltrate the<br>stroma with a wide range of atypia cells and numerous mitoses.<br>They are capable of widespread metastases (NEOPLASM METASTASIS).",""],["Carcinoma, Embryonal",685,0.0,"D018236","C04.557.465.200",0,"Description: A highly malignant, primitive form of carcinoma,<br>probably of germinal cell or teratomatous derivation, usually<br>arising in a gonad and rarely in other sites. It is rare in the<br>female ovary, but in the male it accounts for 20% of all<br>testicular tumors. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al.,<br>Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1595)",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C04.557.465.420",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C04.557.475.395",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Teratocarcinoma",398,0.0,"D018243","C04.557.465.900",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm consisting of elements of<br>teratoma with those of embryonal carcinoma or choriocarcinoma, or<br>both. It occurs most often in the testis. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast",14334,0.0,"D018270","C04.588.180.390",0,"Description: An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary<br>ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.",""],["Carcinoma, Lobular",4562,0.0,"D018275","C04.588.180.437",0,"Description: A type of BREAST CANCER where the abnormal malignant<br>cells form in the lobules, or milk-producing glands, of the<br>breast.",""],["Angiofibroma",1335,0.0,"D018322","C04.557.645.100",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of fibrous tissue in which there<br>are numerous small and large, frequently dilated, vascular<br>channels. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying",235,0.0,"D018333","C04.557.695.605",0,"Description: A mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion of the jaws<br>with features of both a cyst and a solid neoplasm. It is<br>characterized microscopically by an epithelial lining showing a<br>palisaded layer of columnar basal cells, presence of ghost cell<br>keratinization, dentinoid, and calcification. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Rhabdoid Tumor",1579,0.0,"D018335","C04.557.435.710",0,"Description: A rare but highly lethal childhood tumor found<br>almost exclusively in infants. Histopathologically, it resembles<br>RHABDOMYOSARCOMA but the tumor cells are not of myogenic origin.<br>Although it arises primarily in the kidney, it may be found in<br>other parts of the body. The rhabdoid cytomorphology is believed<br>to be the expression of a very primitive malignant cell. (From<br>Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2210)",""],["Breast Neoplasms, Male",2913,0.0,"D018567","C04.588.180.260",0,"Description: Any neoplasms of the male breast. These occur<br>infrequently in males in developed countries, the incidence being<br>about 1% of that in females.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1",1657,0.0,"D018761","C04.651.600.500",0,"Description: A form of multiple endocrine neoplasia that is<br>characterized by the combined occurrence of tumors in the<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS, the PITUITARY GLAND, and the PANCREATIC<br>ISLETS. The resulting clinical signs include HYPERPARATHYROIDISM;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA; CUSHING DISEASE; GASTRINOMA;<br>and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. This disease is due to loss-of-<br>function of the MEN1 gene, a tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR<br>SUPPRESSOR) on CHROMOSOME 11 (Locus: 11q13).",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1",1657,0.0,"D018761","C04.700.630.500",0,"Description: A form of multiple endocrine neoplasia that is<br>characterized by the combined occurrence of tumors in the<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS, the PITUITARY GLAND, and the PANCREATIC<br>ISLETS. The resulting clinical signs include HYPERPARATHYROIDISM;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA; CUSHING DISEASE; GASTRINOMA;<br>and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. This disease is due to loss-of-<br>function of the MEN1 gene, a tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR<br>SUPPRESSOR) on CHROMOSOME 11 (Locus: 11q13).",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a",1117,0.0,"D018813","C04.651.600.505",0,"Description: A form of multiple endocrine neoplasia characterized<br>by the presence of medullary carcinoma (CARCINOMA, MEDULLARY) of<br>the THYROID GLAND, and usually with the co-occurrence of<br>PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA, producing CALCITONIN and ADRENALINE,<br>respectively. Less frequently, it can occur with hyperplasia or<br>adenoma of the PARATHYROID GLANDS. This disease is due to gain-<br>of-function mutations of the MEN2 gene on CHROMOSOME 10 (Locus:<br>10q11.2), also known as the RET proto-oncogene that encodes a<br>RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE. It is an autosomal dominant<br>inherited disease.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a",1117,0.0,"D018813","C04.700.630.505",0,"Description: A form of multiple endocrine neoplasia characterized<br>by the presence of medullary carcinoma (CARCINOMA, MEDULLARY) of<br>the THYROID GLAND, and usually with the co-occurrence of<br>PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA, producing CALCITONIN and ADRENALINE,<br>respectively. Less frequently, it can occur with hyperplasia or<br>adenoma of the PARATHYROID GLANDS. This disease is due to gain-<br>of-function mutations of the MEN2 gene on CHROMOSOME 10 (Locus:<br>10q11.2), also known as the RET proto-oncogene that encodes a<br>RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE. It is an autosomal dominant<br>inherited disease.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b",445,0.0,"D018814","C04.651.600.510",0,"Description: Similar to MEN2A, it is also caused by mutations of<br>the MEN2 gene, also known as the RET proto-oncogene. Its clinical<br>symptoms include medullary carcinoma (CARCINOMA, MEDULLARY) of<br>THYROID GLAND and PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA of ADRENAL MEDULLA (50%).<br>Unlike MEN2a, MEN2b does not involve PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. It<br>can be distinguished from MEN2A by its neural abnormalities such<br>as mucosal NEUROMAS on EYELIDS; LIP; and TONGUE, and<br>ganglioneuromatosis of GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT leading to<br>MEGACOLON. It is an autosomal dominant inherited disease.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b",445,0.0,"D018814","C04.700.630.510",0,"Description: Similar to MEN2A, it is also caused by mutations of<br>the MEN2 gene, also known as the RET proto-oncogene. Its clinical<br>symptoms include medullary carcinoma (CARCINOMA, MEDULLARY) of<br>THYROID GLAND and PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA of ADRENAL MEDULLA (50%).<br>Unlike MEN2a, MEN2b does not involve PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. It<br>can be distinguished from MEN2A by its neural abnormalities such<br>as mucosal NEUROMAS on EYELIDS; LIP; and TONGUE, and<br>ganglioneuromatosis of GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT leading to<br>MEGACOLON. It is an autosomal dominant inherited disease.",""],["Muscle Neoplasms",2998,0.0,"D019042","C04.588.839.500",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer located in muscle tissue or<br>specific muscles. They are differentiated from NEOPLASMS, MUSCLE<br>TISSUE which are neoplasms composed of skeletal, cardiac, or<br>smooth muscle tissue, such as MYOSARCOMA or LEIOMYOMA.",""],["Vascular Neoplasms",4055,0.0,"D019043","C04.588.839.750",0,"Description: Neoplasms located in the vasculature system, such as<br>ARTERIES and VEINS. They are differentiated from neoplasms of<br>vascular tissue (NEOPLASMS, VASCULAR TISSUE), such as<br>ANGIOFIBROMA or HEMANGIOMA.",""],["Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration",378,0.0,"D020362","C04.730.856.650",0,"Description: Cerebellar degeneration associated with a remote<br>neoplasm. Clinical manifestations include progressive limb and<br>GAIT ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; and NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC. The<br>histologic type of the associated neoplasm is usually carcinoma<br>or lymphoma. Pathologically the cerebellar cortex and subcortical<br>nuclei demonstrate diffuse degenerative changes. Anti-Purkinje<br>cell antibodies (anti-Yo) are found in the serum of approximately<br>50% of affected individuals. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p686)",""],["Limbic Encephalitis",1210,0.0,"D020363","C04.730.856.437",0,"Description: A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of<br>neurons in the LIMBIC SYSTEM. Clinical features include<br>HALLUCINATIONS, loss of EPISODIC MEMORY; ANOSMIA; AGEUSIA;<br>TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY; DEMENTIA; and affective disturbance<br>(depression). Circulating anti-neuronal antibodies (e.g., anti-<br>Hu; anti-Yo; anti-Ri; and anti-Ma2) and small cell lung<br>carcinomas or testicular carcinoma are frequently associated with<br>this syndrome.",""],["Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy",272,0.0,"D020364","C04.730.856.700",0,"Description: A diffuse or multifocal peripheral neuropathy<br>related to the remote effects of a neoplasm, most often carcinoma<br>or lymphoma. Pathologically, there are inflammatory changes in<br>peripheral nerves. The most common clinical presentation is a<br>symmetric distal mixed sensorimotor polyneuropathy. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1334)",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C04.700.900.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Acanthoma",278,0.0,"D049309","C04.588.805.040",0,"Description: A neoplasm composed of squamous or epidermal cells.",""],["Adamantinoma",401,0.0,"D050398","C04.588.149.030",0,"Description: A locally aggressive, osteolytic neoplasm of the<br>long bones, probably of epithelial origin and most often<br>involving the TIBIA.",""],["Odontogenic Tumor, Squamous",29,0.0,"D051527","C04.557.695.607",0,"Description: A well-differentiated, benign, hamartomatous<br>proliferation of odontogenic epithelium, probably arising from<br>the rests of Malassez.",""],["Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome",405,0.0,"D053578","C04.730.856.596",0,"Description: A neurological condition that is characterized by<br>uncontrolled rapid irregular movements of the eye (OPSOCLONUS)<br>and the muscle (MYOCLONUS) causing unsteady, trembling gait. It<br>is also known as dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome and is often<br>associated with neoplasms, viral infections, or autoimmune<br>disorders involving the nervous system.",""],["Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Interdigitating",89,0.0,"D054739","C04.557.227.199",0,"Description: A rare sarcoma of INTERDIGITATING CELLS found in the<br>lymph nodes and non-lymphoid organs. They exhibit a variable<br>immunophenotype and lack Birbeck granules.",""],["Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular",311,0.0,"D054740","C04.557.227.190",0,"Description: Sarcoma of FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS most often<br>found in the lymph nodes. This rare neoplasm occurs predominately<br>in adults.",""],["Histiocytic Sarcoma",918,0.0,"D054747","C04.557.227.380",0,"Description: Malignant neoplasms composed of MACROPHAGES or<br>DENDRITIC CELLS. Most histiocytic sarcomas present as localized<br>tumor masses without a leukemic phase. Though the biological<br>behavior of these neoplasms resemble lymphomas, their cell<br>lineage is histiocytic not lymphoid.",""],["Langerhans Cell Sarcoma",92,0.0,"D054752","C04.557.227.500",0,"Description: Rare malignant neoplasm of dendritic LANGERHANS<br>CELLS exhibiting atypical cytology, frequent mitoses, and<br>aggressive clinical behavior. They can be distinguished from<br>other histiocytic and dendritic proliferations by<br>immunohistochemical and ultrastructure studies. Cytologically<br>benign proliferations of Langerhans cells are called LANGERHANS<br>CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS.",""],["Adenomyoepithelioma",103,0.0,"D055331","C04.557.435.108",0,"Description: A mixed epithelial and myoepithelial neoplasm<br>usually encountered within the breast. It is a multinodular<br>lesion presenting with a bicellular pattern of proliferating<br>epithelial and myoepithelial cells, which are regularly<br>distributed in the glandular structures.",""],["Lynch Syndrome II",223,0.0,"D055847","C04.700.250.500",1,"Description: Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms<br>associated with other malignancies, more commonly of ovarian or<br>uterine origin. When also associated with SEBACEOUS GLAND<br>NEOPLASMS, it is called MUIR-TORRE SYNDROME.",""],["Sister Mary Joseph's Nodule",165,0.0,"D058288","C04.588.033.740",0,"Description: Metastatic lesion of the UMBILICUS associated with<br>intra-abdominal neoplasms especially of the GASTROINTESTINAL<br>TRACT or OVARY.",""],["Composite Lymphoma",72,0.0,"D058617","C04.557.386.150",0,"Description: Two or more distinct types of malignant lymphoid<br>tumors occurring within a single organ or tissue at the same<br>time. It may contain different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma<br>cells or both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells.",""],["Composite Lymphoma",72,0.0,"D058617","C04.557.435.295",0,"Description: Two or more distinct types of malignant lymphoid<br>tumors occurring within a single organ or tissue at the same<br>time. It may contain different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma<br>cells or both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells.",""],["Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms",672,0.0,"D058922","C04.588.180.576",0,"Description: Metastatic breast cancer characterized by EDEMA and<br>ERYTHEMA of the affected breast due to LYMPHATIC METASTASIS and<br>eventual obstruction of LYMPHATIC VESSELS by the cancer cells.",""],["Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Ocular",198,0.0,"D059545","C04.588.364.738",0,"Description: Ocular manifestations secondary to various NEOPLASMS<br>in which antibodies to antigens of the primary tumor cross-react<br>with ocular antigens. This autoimmune response often leads to<br>visual loss and other ocular dysfunctions.",""],["Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis",1538,0.0,"D060426","C04.730.856.112",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by symptoms of CATATONIA;<br>HYPOVENTILATION; DYSKINESIAS; ENCEPHALITIS; and SEIZURES followed<br>by a reduced CONSCIOUSNESS. It is often followed by a viral-like<br>prodrome. Many cases are self-limiting and respond well to<br>IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPIES against the NMDA RECEPTORS antibodies.",""],["Neoplasm Micrometastasis",328,0.0,"D061206","C04.697.650.695",0,"Description: Newly arising secondary tumors so small they are<br>difficult to detect by physical examination or routine imaging<br>techniques.",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C04.588.180.483",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Intraocular Lymphoma",153,0.0,"D064090","C04.557.386.435",0,"Description: A form of malignant cancer which occurs within the<br>eyeball.",""],["Intraocular Lymphoma",153,0.0,"D064090","C04.588.364.447",0,"Description: A form of malignant cancer which occurs within the<br>eyeball.",""],["Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms",7989,0.0,"D064726","C04.588.180.788",0,"Description: Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN<br>RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU<br>RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.",""],["Atypical Squamous Cells of the Cervix",237,0.0,"D065309","C04.834.818.249",0,"Description: Morphological abnormalities of the cervical<br>EPITHELIUM, usually revealed in PAP SMEAR, which do not meet the<br>criteria for squamous CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA or<br>SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS of the CERVIX . It may be a sign of<br>infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).or<br>sign of a benign (not cancer) growth, such as a cyst or polyp or,<br>in menopausal women, of low hormone levels. More testing, such as<br>HPV test, may be needed.",""],["Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix",591,0.0,"D065310","C04.834.818.500",0,"Description: A cytological test finding often from PAP SMEARS<br>that shows abnormal lesions of SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS of the<br>CERVIX. It is a diagnostic criterion used in the Bethesda System<br>for UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS and represents the PAP TEST result<br>that is abnormal. Although squamous intraepithelial lesions test<br>result does not mean UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS it requires<br>follow-ups (e.g., HPV DNA TESTS; and COLPOSCOPY).",""],["Abdominal Neoplasms",32720,0.1,"D000008","C04.588.033",3,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the ABDOMEN.",""],["Lymphoma",187448,0.5,"D008223","C04.557.386",27,"Description: A general term for various neoplastic diseases of<br>the lymphoid tissue.",""],["Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial",1224900,3.5,"D009375","C04.557.470",200,"Description: Neoplasms composed of glandular tissue, an<br>aggregation of epithelial cells that elaborate secretions, and of<br>any type of epithelium itself. The concept does not refer to<br>neoplasms located in the various glands or in epithelial tissue.",""],["Breast Neoplasms",346322,1.0,"D001943","C04.588.180",8,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.",""],["Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue",336025,0.9,"D018204","C04.557.450",130,"Description: Neoplasms developing from some structure of the<br>connective and subcutaneous tissue. The concept does not refer to<br>neoplasms located in connective or soft tissue.",""],["Oncogene Addiction",22,0.0,"D000074723","C04.697.850",0,"Description: The dependence of tumor cells on a single oncogenic<br>pathway or protein for their continued proliferation and<br>survival.",""],["Smoldering Multiple Myeloma",152,0.0,"D000075122","C04.834.794",0,"Description: An asymptomatic and slow-growing PLASMA CELL<br>dyscrasia characterized by presence of MYELOMA PROTEINS and<br>clonal bone marrow plasma cells without end-organ damage (e.g.,<br>renal impairment). It is distinguished from MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY<br>OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE by a much higher risk of progression<br>to symptomatic MULTIPLE MYELOMA.",""],["Neoplasms, Plasma Cell",56029,0.2,"D054219","C04.557.595",5,"Description: Neoplasms associated with a proliferation of a<br>single clone of PLASMA CELLS and characterized by the secretion<br>of PARAPROTEINS.",""],["Thoracic Neoplasms",396615,1.1,"D013899","C04.588.894",24,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the THORAX.",""],["Head and Neck Neoplasms",368584,1.0,"D006258","C04.588.443",33,"Description: Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the<br>mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and<br>cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and<br>PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID<br>GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head<br>and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)",""],["Endocrine Gland Neoplasms",352675,1.0,"D004701","C04.588.322",40,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS.",""],["Digestive System Neoplasms",850073,2.4,"D004067","C04.588.274",39,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.",""],["Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue",75596,0.2,"D009383","C04.557.645",18,"Description: Neoplasms composed of vascular tissue. This concept<br>does not refer to neoplasms located in blood vessels.",""],["Neoplasm Metastasis",49533,0.1,"D009362","C04.697.650",6,"Description: The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of<br>the body to another remote from the primary site.",""],["Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal",383147,1.1,"D009373","C04.557.465",70,"Description: Neoplasms composed of primordial GERM CELLS of<br>embryonic GONADS or of elements of the germ layers of the EMBRYO,<br>MAMMALIAN. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the<br>gonads or present in an embryo or FETUS.",""],["Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue",384455,1.1,"D009380","C04.557.580",61,"Description: Neoplasms composed of nerve tissue. This concept<br>does not refer to neoplasms located in the nervous system or its<br>component nerves.",""],["Nervous System Neoplasms",274482,0.8,"D009423","C04.588.614",41,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplastic processes arising<br>from or involving components of the central, peripheral, and<br>autonomic nervous systems, cranial nerves, and meninges. Included<br>in this category are primary and metastatic nervous system<br>neoplasms.",""],["Carcinogenesis",53228,0.2,"D063646","C04.697.098",5,"Description: The origin, production or development of cancer<br>through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal<br>balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis<br>generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur<br>quickly or over a period of many years.",""],["Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes",3947,0.0,"D009384","C04.730.713",2,"Description: Syndromes resulting from inappropriate production of<br>HORMONES or hormone-like materials by NEOPLASMS in non-endocrine<br>tissues or not by the usual ENDOCRINE GLANDS. Such hormone<br>outputs are called ectopic hormone (HORMONES, ECTOPIC) secretion.",""],["Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed",37529,0.1,"D018193","C04.557.435",23,"Description: Neoplasms composed of more than one type of<br>neoplastic tissue.",""],["Odontogenic Tumors",8751,0.0,"D009808","C04.557.695",5,"Description: Neoplasms produced from tooth-forming tissues.",""],["Anal Gland Neoplasms",197,0.0,"D000694","C04.588.083",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the anal gland.",""],["Anaplasia",60,0.0,"D000708","C04.697.045",0,"Description: Loss of structural differentiation and useful<br>function of neoplastic cells.",""],["Leukemia",242652,0.7,"D007938","C04.557.337",44,"Description: A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-<br>forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and<br>development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and<br>bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic<br>based on life expectancy but now are classified according to<br>cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately<br>immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature<br>cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)",""],["Leukemia, Experimental",14358,0.0,"D007942","C04.619.531",4,"Description: Leukemia induced experimentally in animals by<br>exposure to leukemogenic agents, such as VIRUSES; RADIATION; or<br>by TRANSPLANTATION of leukemic tissues.",""],["Sarcoma, Experimental",11550,0.0,"D012513","C04.619.857",4,"Description: Experimentally induced neoplasms of CONNECTIVE<br>TISSUE in animals to provide a model for studying human SARCOMA.",""],["Barrett Esophagus",8315,0.0,"D001471","C04.834.154",0,"Description: A condition with damage to the lining of the lower<br>ESOPHAGUS resulting from chronic acid reflux (ESOPHAGITIS,<br>REFLUX). Through the process of metaplasia, the squamous cells<br>are replaced by a columnar epithelium with cells resembling those<br>of the INTESTINE or the salmon-pink mucosa of the STOMACH.<br>Barrett's columnar epithelium is a marker for severe reflux and<br>precursor to ADENOCARCINOMA of the esophagus.",""],["Bone Cysts",12793,0.0,"D001845","C04.182.089",9,"Description: Benign unilocular lytic areas in the proximal end of<br>a long bone with well defined and narrow endosteal margins. The<br>cysts contain fluid and the cyst walls may contain some giant<br>cells. Bone cysts usually occur in males between the ages 3-15<br>years.",""],["Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome",1276,0.0,"D001478","C04.700.175",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal<br>cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal<br>defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated<br>and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and<br>cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal<br>dominant.",""],["Urogenital Neoplasms",548776,1.6,"D014565","C04.588.945",27,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either<br>the male or the female.",""],["Bone Neoplasms",128925,0.4,"D001859","C04.588.149",11,"Description: Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific<br>BONES.",""],["Branchioma",1340,0.0,"D001935","C04.182.117",0,"Description: A tumor derived from branchial epithelium or<br>branchial rests. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Bronchogenic Cyst",1426,0.0,"D001994","C04.182.195",0,"Description: A usually spherical cyst, arising as an embryonic<br>out-pouching of the foregut or trachea. It is generally found in<br>the mediastinum or lung and is usually asymptomatic unless it<br>becomes infected.",""],["Carcinoma 256, Walker",2039,0.0,"D002279","C04.619.045",0,"Description: A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that<br>originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a<br>pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young<br>transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Carcinoma, Brown-Pearce",314,0.0,"D002284","C04.619.124",0,"Description: A transplantable EPITHELIAL CELL neoplasm of<br>rabbits.",""],["Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor",8255,0.0,"D002286","C04.619.169",0,"Description: A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant<br>tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma<br>in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.",""],["Carcinoma, Krebs 2",251,0.0,"D002287","C04.619.214",0,"Description: A transplantable neoplasm of mice.",""],["Uterine Cervical Dysplasia",3438,0.0,"D002578","C04.834.818",2,"Description: Abnormal development of immature squamous EPITHELIAL<br>CELLS of the UTERINE CERVIX, a term used to describe premalignant<br>cytological changes in the cervical EPITHELIUM. These atypical<br>cells do not penetrate the epithelial BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Trophoblastic Neoplasms",13268,0.0,"D014328","C04.850.908",6,"Description: Trophoblastic growth, which may be gestational or<br>nongestational in origin. Trophoblastic neoplasia resulting from<br>pregnancy is often described as gestational trophoblastic disease<br>to distinguish it from germ cell tumors which frequently show<br>trophoblastic elements, and from the trophoblastic<br>differentiation which sometimes occurs in a wide variety of<br>epithelial cancers. Gestational trophoblastic growth has several<br>forms, including HYDATIDIFORM MOLE and CHORIOCARCINOMA. (From<br>Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1691)",""],["Eye Neoplasms",44143,0.1,"D005134","C04.588.364",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the EYE.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis",4926,0.0,"D003123","C04.700.250",2,"Description: A group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases in<br>which COLON CANCER arises in discrete adenomas. Unlike FAMILIAL<br>POLYPOSIS COLI with hundreds of polyps, hereditary nonpolyposis<br>colorectal neoplasms occur much later, in the fourth and fifth<br>decades. HNPCC has been associated with germline mutations in<br>mismatch repair (MMR) genes. It has been subdivided into Lynch<br>syndrome I or site-specific colonic cancer, and LYNCH SYNDROME II<br>which includes extracolonic cancer.",""],["Dermoid Cyst",4330,0.0,"D003884","C04.182.201",0,"Description: A tumor consisting of displaced ectodermal<br>structures along the lines of embryonic fusion, the wall being<br>formed of epithelium-lined connective tissue, including skin<br>appendages, and containing keratin, sebum, and hair. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Nevi and Melanomas",112948,0.3,"D018326","C04.557.665",15,"Description: A collective term for the various types of nevi and<br>melanomas.",""],["Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome",889,0.0,"D004416","C04.700.305",0,"Description: Clinically atypical nevi (usually exceeding 5 mm in<br>diameter and having variable pigmentation and ill defined<br>borders) with an increased risk for development of non-familial<br>cutaneous malignant melanoma. Biopsies show melanocytic<br>dysplasia. Nevi are clinically and histologically identical to<br>the precursor lesions for melanoma in the B-K mole syndrome.<br>(Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Epidermal Cyst",4132,0.0,"D004814","C04.182.254",0,"Description: Intradermal or subcutaneous saclike structure, the<br>wall of which is stratified epithelium containing keratohyalin<br>granules.",""],["Erythroplasia",296,0.0,"D004919","C04.834.288",0,"Description: A condition of the mucous membrane characterized by<br>erythematous papular lesions.",""],["Esophageal Cyst",419,0.0,"D004934","C04.182.281",0,"Description: Any fluid-filled closed cavity or sac (CYSTS) that<br>is lined by an EPITHELIUM and found in the ESOPHAGUS region.",""],["Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary",1308,0.0,"D005097","C04.700.330",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder transmitted by an autosomal<br>dominant gene and characterized by multiple exostoses (multiple<br>osteochondromas) near the ends of long bones. The genetic<br>abnormality results in a defect in the osteoclastic activity at<br>the metaphyseal ends of the bone during the remodeling process in<br>childhood or early adolescence. The metaphyses develop benign,<br>bony outgrowths often capped by cartilage. A small number undergo<br>neoplastic transformation.",""],["Follicular Cyst",352,0.0,"D005497","C04.182.300",0,"Description: Cyst due to the occlusion of the duct of a follicle<br>or small gland.",""],["Adenomatous Polyposis Coli",5614,0.0,"D011125","C04.700.100",1,"Description: A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant<br>mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The<br>syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of<br>ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected<br>individuals by early adulthood.",""],["Neoplasms, Gonadal Tissue",7244,0.0,"D018309","C04.557.475",8,"Description: Neoplasms composed of tissues of the OVARY or the<br>TESTIS, not neoplasms located in the ovaries or testes. Gonadal<br>tissues include GERM CELLS, cells from the sex cord, and gonadal<br>stromal cells.",""],["Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple",1547,0.0,"D006223","C04.445.435",1,"Description: A hereditary disease characterized by multiple<br>ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal nevoid and neoplastic<br>anomalies. Facial trichilemmomas and papillomatous papules of the<br>oral mucosa are the most characteristic lesions. Individuals with<br>this syndrome have a high risk of BREAST CANCER; THYROID CANCER;<br>and ENDOMETRIAL CANCER. This syndrome is associated with<br>mutations in the gene for PTEN PHOSPHATASE.",""],["Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple",1547,0.0,"D006223","C04.651.435",1,"Description: A hereditary disease characterized by multiple<br>ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal nevoid and neoplastic<br>anomalies. Facial trichilemmomas and papillomatous papules of the<br>oral mucosa are the most characteristic lesions. Individuals with<br>this syndrome have a high risk of BREAST CANCER; THYROID CANCER;<br>and ENDOMETRIAL CANCER. This syndrome is associated with<br>mutations in the gene for PTEN PHOSPHATASE.",""],["Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple",1146,0.0,"D006223","C04.700.435",0,"Description: A hereditary disease characterized by multiple<br>ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal nevoid and neoplastic<br>anomalies. Facial trichilemmomas and papillomatous papules of the<br>oral mucosa are the most characteristic lesions. Individuals with<br>this syndrome have a high risk of BREAST CANCER; THYROID CANCER;<br>and ENDOMETRIAL CANCER. This syndrome is associated with<br>mutations in the gene for PTEN PHOSPHATASE.",""],["Leukemia, Radiation-Induced",1773,0.0,"D007953","C04.682.512",0,"Description: Leukemia produced by exposure to IONIZING RADIATION<br>or NON-IONIZING RADIATION.",""],["Leukoplakia",3537,0.0,"D007971","C04.834.512",2,"Description: A white patch lesion found on a MUCOUS MEMBRANE that<br>cannot be scraped off. Leukoplakia is generally considered a<br>precancerous condition, however its appearance may also result<br>from a variety of HEREDITARY DISEASES.",""],["Liver Neoplasms, Experimental",11968,0.0,"D008114","C04.619.540",0,"Description: Experimentally induced tumors of the LIVER.",""],["Lymphatic Vessel Tumors",7891,0.0,"D018190","C04.557.375",5,"Description: Neoplasms composed of lymphoid tissue, a lattice<br>work of reticular tissue the interspaces of which contain<br>lymphocytes. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in<br>lymphatic vessels.",""],["Lymphocele",949,0.0,"D008210","C04.182.430",0,"Description: Cystic mass containing lymph from diseased lymphatic<br>channels or following surgical trauma or other injury.",""],["Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis",726,0.0,"D008230","C04.834.567",0,"Description: An angiocentric and angiodestructive<br>lymphoproliferative disorder primarily involving the lungs. It is<br>caused by an Epstein-Barr virus-induced transformation of the<br>B-cells, in a T-cell rich environment. Clinically and<br>pathologically it resembles EXTRANODAL NK-T-CELL LYMPHOMA.",""],["Mammary Neoplasms, Animal",19909,0.1,"D015674","C04.588.531",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MAMMARY GLAND in animals<br>(MAMMARY GLANDS, ANIMAL).",""],["Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental",15354,0.0,"D008325","C04.619.590",0,"Description: Experimentally induced mammary neoplasms in animals<br>to provide a model for studying human BREAST NEOPLASMS.",""],["Mediastinal Cyst",2255,0.0,"D008476","C04.182.444",0,"Description: Cysts of one of the parts of the mediastinum: the<br>superior part, containing the trachea, esophagus, thoracic duct<br>and thymus organs; the inferior middle part, containing the<br>pericardium; the inferior anterior part containing some lymph<br>nodes; and the inferior posterior part, containing the thoracic<br>duct and esophagus.",""],["Melanoma, Experimental",8232,0.0,"D008546","C04.619.600",0,"Description: Experimentally induced tumor that produces MELANIN<br>in animals to provide a model for studying human MELANOMA.",""],["Mesenteric Cyst",890,0.0,"D008639","C04.182.473",0,"Description: A rare intra-abdominal tumor in the MESENTERY.<br>Mesenteric cysts are usually benign and can be very large fluid-<br>filled (2000 mL) lesions.",""],["Mucocele",3276,0.0,"D009078","C04.182.511",0,"Description: A retention cyst of the salivary gland, lacrimal<br>sac, paranasal sinuses, appendix, or gallbladder. (Stedman, 26th<br>ed)",""],["Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System",22063,0.1,"D020361","C04.730.856",8,"Description: Degenerative or inflammatory conditions affecting<br>the central or peripheral nervous system that develop in<br>association with a systemic neoplasm without direct invasion by<br>tumor. They may be associated with circulating antibodies that<br>react with the affected neural tissue. (Intern Med 1996<br>Dec;35(12):925-9)",""],["Neoplasm Invasiveness",9037,0.0,"D009361","C04.697.645",1,"Description: Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively<br>destroy surrounding tissue.",""],["Neoplasm Recurrence, Local",61610,0.2,"D009364","C04.697.655",0,"Description: The local recurrence of a neoplasm following<br>treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original<br>neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later<br>become clinically visible at the original site.",""],["Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous",1810,0.0,"D009365","C04.697.670",0,"Description: Disappearance of a neoplasm or neoplastic state<br>without the intervention of therapy.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia",4959,0.0,"D009377","C04.651.600",3,"Description: A group of autosomal dominant diseases characterized<br>by the combined occurrence of tumors involving two or more<br>ENDOCRINE GLANDS that secrete PEPTIDE HORMONES or AMINES. These<br>neoplasias are often benign but can be malignant. They are<br>classified by the endocrine glands involved and the degree of<br>aggressiveness. The two major forms are MEN1 and MEN2 with gene<br>mutations on CHROMOSOME 11 and CHROMOSOME 10, respectively.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia",4959,0.0,"D009377","C04.700.630",3,"Description: A group of autosomal dominant diseases characterized<br>by the combined occurrence of tumors involving two or more<br>ENDOCRINE GLANDS that secrete PEPTIDE HORMONES or AMINES. These<br>neoplasias are often benign but can be malignant. They are<br>classified by the endocrine glands involved and the degree of<br>aggressiveness. The two major forms are MEN1 and MEN2 with gene<br>mutations on CHROMOSOME 11 and CHROMOSOME 10, respectively.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.0,"D009396","C04.700.900",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Neurofibromatoses",12989,0.0,"D017253","C04.700.631",2,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by an autosomal<br>dominant pattern of inheritance with high rates of spontaneous<br>mutation and multiple neurofibromas or neurilemmomas.<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 (generalized neurofibromatosis) accounts for<br>approximately 95% of cases, although multiple additional subtypes<br>(e.g., NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2, neurofibromatosis 3, etc.) have been<br>described. (From Neurochirurgie 1998 Nov;44(4):267-72)",""],["Ovarian Cysts",21461,0.1,"D010048","C04.182.612",1,"Description: General term for CYSTS and cystic diseases of the<br>OVARY.",""],["Pancreatic Cyst",7400,0.0,"D010181","C04.182.640",1,"Description: A true cyst of the PANCREAS, distinguished from the<br>much more common PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST by possessing a lining of<br>mucous EPITHELIUM. Pancreatic cysts are categorized as<br>congenital, retention, neoplastic, parasitic, enterogenous, or<br>dermoid. Congenital cysts occur more frequently as solitary cysts<br>but may be multiple. Retention cysts are gross enlargements of<br>PANCREATIC DUCTS secondary to ductal obstruction. (From Bockus<br>Gastroenterology, 4th ed, p4145)",""],["Parovarian Cyst",216,0.0,"D010310","C04.182.668",0,"Description: A cyst (CYSTS) near the OVARY, derived from<br>anomalies of the FALLOPIAN TUBES or the BROAD LIGAMENT. The<br>paramesonephric type consists of ciliated cells similar to the<br>oviduct epithelium. The mesonephric type consisted of an<br>epithelium with minimally surface structures. They can be found<br>on the thin oviduct (paratubal cysts) or near its fimbriated end<br>(hydatid of Morgagni).",""],["Pelvic Neoplasms",5956,0.0,"D010386","C04.588.699",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the pelvic region.",""],["Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome",1733,0.0,"D010580","C04.700.633",0,"Description: A hereditary disease caused by autosomal dominant<br>mutations involving CHROMOSOME 19. It is characterized by the<br>presence of INTESTINAL POLYPS, consistently in the JEJUNUM, and<br>mucocutaneous pigmentation with MELANIN spots of the lips, buccal<br>MUCOSA, and digits.",""],["Pilonidal Sinus",2058,0.0,"D010864","C04.182.710",0,"Description: A hair-containing cyst or sinus, occurring chiefly<br>in the coccygeal region.",""],["Hematologic Neoplasms",21044,0.1,"D019337","C04.588.448",2,"Description: Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming<br>tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest<br>forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the<br>progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC<br>SYNDROMES.",""],["Synovial Cyst",2538,0.0,"D013581","C04.182.867",1,"Description: Non-neoplastic tumor-like lesions at joints,<br>developed from the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE of a joint through the JOINT<br>CAPSULE into the periarticular tissues. They are filled with<br>SYNOVIAL FLUID with a smooth and translucent appearance. A<br>synovial cyst can develop from any joint, but most commonly at<br>the back of the knee, where it is known as POPLITEAL CYST.",""],["Preleukemia",862,0.0,"D011289","C04.834.770",0,"Description: Conditions in which the abnormalities in the<br>peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early<br>manifestations of acute leukemia, but in which the changes are<br>not of sufficient magnitude or specificity to permit a diagnosis<br>of acute leukemia by the usual clinical criteria.",""],["Ranula",463,0.0,"D011900","C04.182.766",0,"Description: A form of retention cyst of the floor of the mouth,<br>usually due to obstruction of the ducts of the submaxillary or<br>sublingual glands, presenting a slowly enlarging painless deep<br>burrowing mucocele of one side of the mouth. It is also called<br>sublingual cyst and sublingual ptyalocele.",""],["Skin Neoplasms",133371,0.4,"D012878","C04.588.805",7,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.",""],["Soft Tissue Neoplasms",26251,0.1,"D012983","C04.588.839",2,"Description: Neoplasms of whatever cell type or origin, occurring<br>in the extraskeletal connective tissue framework of the body<br>including the organs of locomotion and their various component<br>structures, such as nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, etc.",""],["Splenic Neoplasms",4398,0.0,"D013160","C04.588.842",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SPLEEN.",""],["Thyroglossal Cyst",1354,0.0,"D013955","C04.182.902",0,"Description: A cyst in the neck caused by persistence of portions<br>of, or by lack of closure of, the primitive thyroglossal duct.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Tuberous Sclerosis",6221,0.0,"D014402","C04.445.810",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome<br>classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and<br>skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules).<br>There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic<br>manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and<br>HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart,<br>kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that<br>encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with<br>the disease.",""],["Tuberous Sclerosis",6221,0.0,"D014402","C04.651.800",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome<br>classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and<br>skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules).<br>There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic<br>manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and<br>HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart,<br>kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that<br>encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with<br>the disease.",""],["Tuberous Sclerosis",6221,0.0,"D014402","C04.700.700",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome<br>classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and<br>skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules).<br>There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic<br>manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and<br>HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart,<br>kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that<br>encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with<br>the disease.",""],["Urachal Cyst",505,0.0,"D014496","C04.182.946",0,"Description: Cyst occurring in a persistent portion of the<br>urachus, presenting as an extraperitoneal mass in the umbilical<br>region. It is characterized by abdominal pain, and fever if<br>infected. It may rupture, leading to peritonitis, or it may drain<br>through the umbilicus.",""],["Xeroderma Pigmentosum",2629,0.0,"D014983","C04.834.867",0,"Description: A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive<br>disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to<br>ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that<br>permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA.",""],["Choledochal Cyst",1871,0.0,"D015529","C04.182.198",0,"Description: A congenital anatomic malformation of a bile duct,<br>including cystic dilatation of the extrahepatic bile duct or the<br>large intrahepatic bile duct. Classification is based on the site<br>and type of dilatation. Type I is most common.",""],["Histiocytic Disorders, Malignant",1520,0.0,"D015620","C04.557.227",4,"Description: Distinctive neoplastic disorders of histiocytes.<br>Included are malignant neoplasms of MACROPHAGES and DENDRITIC<br>CELLS.",""],["Arachnoid Cysts",2454,0.0,"D016080","C04.182.044",0,"Description: Intracranial or spinal cavities containing a<br>cerebrospinal-like fluid, the wall of which is composed of<br>arachnoidal cells. They are most often developmental or related<br>to trauma. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to<br>arachnoidal cistern and may present with HYDROCEPHALUS; HEADACHE;<br>SEIZURES; and focal neurologic signs. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1994, Ch44, pp105-115)",""],["Li-Fraumeni Syndrome",676,0.0,"D016864","C04.700.600",0,"Description: Rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by<br>mesenchymal and epithelial neoplasms at multiple sites. MUTATION<br>of the p53 tumor suppressor gene, a component of the DNA DAMAGE<br>response pathway, apparently predisposes family members who<br>inherit it to develop certain cancers. The spectrum of cancers in<br>the syndrome was shown to include, in addition to BREAST CANCER<br>and soft tissue sarcomas (SARCOMA); BRAIN TUMORS; OSTEOSARCOMA;<br>LEUKEMIA; and ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA.",""],["Chalazion",248,0.0,"D017043","C04.182.197",0,"Description: A non-neoplastic cyst of the MEIBOMIAN GLANDS of the<br>eyelid.",""],["Neoplasm, Residual",3428,0.0,"D018365","C04.697.700",0,"Description: Remnant of a tumor or cancer after primary,<br>potentially curative therapy.",""],["Carcinoma, Lewis Lung",1921,0.0,"D018827","C04.619.230",0,"Description: A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of<br>the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously<br>as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not<br>appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor<br>tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep<br>2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as<br>a transplantable malignancy.",""],["Ganglion Cysts",1018,0.0,"D045888","C04.182.347",0,"Description: Nodular tumor-like lesions or mucoid flesh, arising<br>from tendon sheaths, LIGAMENTS, or JOINT CAPSULE, especially of<br>the hands, wrists, or feet. They are not true cysts as they lack<br>epithelial wall. They are distinguished from SYNOVIAL CYSTS by<br>the lack of communication with a joint cavity or the SYNOVIAL<br>MEMBRANE.",""],["Breast Cyst",258,0.0,"D047688","C04.182.156",0,"Description: A fluid-filled closed cavity or sac that is lined by<br>an EPITHELIUM and found in the BREAST. It may appear as a single<br>large cyst in one breast, multifocal, or bilateral in FIBROCYSTIC<br>BREAST DISEASE.",""],["Tarlov Cysts",254,0.0,"D052958","C04.182.872",0,"Description: Perineurial cysts commonly found in the SACRAL<br>REGION. They arise from the PERINEURIUM membrane within the<br>SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. The distinctive feature of the cysts is the<br>presence of spinal nerve root fibers within the cyst wall, or the<br>cyst cavity itself.",""],["Pallister-Hall Syndrome",43,0.0,"D054975","C04.445.622",0,"Description: A pleiotropic disorder of human development that<br>comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and postaxial<br>POLYDACTYLY; bifid EPIGLOTTIS; ANAL ATRESIA; and renal and other<br>abnormalities. This disorder is associated with FRAMESHIFT<br>MUTATIONS in the GLI3 gene which encodes the GLI3 protein, a<br>KRUPPEL-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS family member.",""],["Keratosis, Actinic",2181,0.0,"D055623","C04.834.450",0,"Description: White or pink lesions on the arms, hands, face, or<br>scalp that arise from sun-induced DNA DAMAGE to KERATINOCYTES in<br>exposed areas. They are considered precursor lesions to<br>superficial SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA.",""],["Colloid Cysts",290,0.0,"D056364","C04.182.199",0,"Description: Benign, congenital, neuroepithelial cysts that are<br>typically filled with a viscous mucus. They usually arise in the<br>anterior portion of the THIRD VENTRICLE between the fornices.",""],["Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome",394,0.0,"D058249","C04.700.212",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neoplastic syndrome characterised<br>by genodermatosis, lung cysts, spontaneous and recurrent<br>PNEUMOTHORAX; and RENAL CANCER. It is associated with mutations<br>in the folliculin protein gene (FLCN protein).",""],["Aberrant Crypt Foci",209,0.0,"D058739","C04.834.020",0,"Description: Clusters of colonic crypts that appear different<br>from the surrounding mucosa when visualized after staining. They<br>are of interest as putative precursors to colorectal adenomas and<br>potential biomarkers for colorectal carcinoma.",""],["Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Ocular",198,0.0,"D059545","C04.730.900",0,"Description: Ocular manifestations secondary to various NEOPLASMS<br>in which antibodies to antigens of the primary tumor cross-react<br>with ocular antigens. This autoimmune response often leads to<br>visual loss and other ocular dysfunctions.",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C04.700.517",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Neoplasms by Site",3554441,10.0,"D009371","C04.588",264,"Description: A collective term for precoordinated organ/neoplasm<br>headings locating neoplasms by organ, as BRAIN NEOPLASMS;<br>DUODENAL NEOPLASMS; LIVER NEOPLASMS; etc.",""],["Neoplasms by Histologic Type",3066135,8.7,"D009370","C04.557",629,"Description: A collective term for the various histological types<br>of NEOPLASMS. It is more likely to be used by searchers than by<br>indexers and catalogers.",""],["Neoplastic Processes",178838,0.5,"D009385","C04.697",20,"Description: The pathological mechanisms and forms taken by<br>tissue during degeneration into a neoplasm and its subsequent<br>activity.",""],["Precancerous Conditions",42608,0.1,"D011230","C04.834",14,"Description: Pathological conditions that tend eventually to<br>become malignant.",""],["Paraneoplastic Syndromes",31838,0.1,"D010257","C04.730",13,"Description: In patients with neoplastic diseases a wide variety<br>of clinical pictures which are indirect and usually remote<br>effects produced by tumor cell metabolites or other products.",""],["Neoplasms, Experimental",108507,0.3,"D009374","C04.619",18,"Description: Experimentally induced new abnormal growth of<br>TISSUES in animals to provide models for studying human<br>neoplasms.",""],["Cysts",107446,0.3,"D003560","C04.182",38,"Description: Any fluid-filled closed cavity or sac that is lined<br>by an EPITHELIUM. Cysts can be of normal, abnormal, non-<br>neoplastic, or neoplastic tissues.",""],["Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary",53161,0.2,"D009386","C04.700",24,"Description: The condition of a pattern of malignancies within a<br>family, but not every individual's necessarily having the same<br>neoplasm. Characteristically the tumor tends to occur at an<br>earlier than average age, individuals may have more than one<br>primary tumor, the tumors may be multicentric, usually more than<br>25 percent of the individuals in direct lineal descent from the<br>proband are affected, and the cancer predisposition in these<br>families behaves as an autosomal dominant trait with about 60<br>percent penetrance.",""],["Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic",21117,0.1,"D011252","C04.850",7,"Description: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and NEOPLASMS. The<br>neoplastic disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.",""],["Hamartoma",14989,0.0,"D006222","C04.445",4,"Description: A focal malformation resembling a neoplasm, composed<br>of an overgrowth of mature cells and tissues that normally occur<br>in the affected area.",""],["Neoplasms, Multiple Primary",35102,0.1,"D009378","C04.651",7,"Description: Two or more abnormal growths of tissue occurring<br>simultaneously and presumed to be of separate origin. The<br>neoplasms may be histologically the same or different, and may be<br>found in the same or different sites.",""],["Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced",15202,0.0,"D009381","C04.682",1,"Description: Tumors, cancer or other neoplasms produced by<br>exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.",""],["Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent",4329,0.0,"D009376","C04.626",0,"Description: Certain tumors that 1, arise in organs that are<br>normally dependent on specific hormones and 2, are stimulated or<br>caused to regress by manipulation of the endocrine environment.",""],["Neoplasms, Second Primary",13550,0.0,"D016609","C04.692",0,"Description: Abnormal growths of tissue that follow a previous<br>neoplasm but are not metastases of the latter. The second<br>neoplasm may have the same or different histological type and can<br>occur in the same or different organs as the previous neoplasm<br>but in all cases arises from an independent oncogenic event. The<br>development of the second neoplasm may or may not be related to<br>the treatment for the previous neoplasm since genetic risk or<br>predisposing factors may actually be the cause.",""],["Neoplasms, Post-Traumatic",107,0.0,"D017169","C04.666",0,"Description: Tumors, cancer or other neoplasms caused by or<br>resulting from trauma or other non-radiation injuries.",""],["Neoplasms",7684577,21.7,"D009369","C04",1054,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms<br>show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of<br>invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Carcinoma","Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma","Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma","Brain Stem Neoplasms","Colonic Neoplasms","Adenofibroma","Rectal Neoplasms","Appendiceal Neoplasms","Astrocytoma","Astrocytoma","Brenner Tumor","Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome","Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome","Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome","Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar","Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar","Carcinoma, Bronchogenic","Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating","Paraganglioma, Extra-Adrenal","Paraganglioma, Extra-Adrenal","Cerebellar Neoplasms","Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive","Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis","Vipoma","Vipoma","Dupuytren Contracture","Ependymoma","Ependymoma","Osteochondromatosis","Gardner Syndrome","Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","Glioblastoma","Glucagonoma","Hypothalamic Neoplasms","Krukenberg Tumor","Leydig Cell Tumor","Linitis Plastica","Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms","Medulloblastoma","Medulloblastoma","Medulloblastoma","Medulloblastoma","Melanoma, Experimental","Melanoma, Experimental","Mycosis Fungoides","Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral","Neuroblastoma","Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral","Neurofibromatosis 1","Neuroma, Acoustic","Neuroma, Acoustic","Neuroma, Acoustic","Oligodendroglioma","Oligodendroglioma","Osteoma, Osteoid","Paget's Disease, Mammary","Pheochromocytoma","Pheochromocytoma","Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","Radicular Cyst","Sarcoma, Ewing","Sertoli Cell Tumor","Sezary Syndrome","Somatostatinoma","Somatostatinoma","Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular","Tonsillar Neoplasms","Urticaria Pigmentosa","Carcinoma, Merkel Cell","Carcinoma, Merkel Cell","Carcinoma, Merkel Cell","Gastrinoma","Neurofibromatosis 2","Choroid Plexus Neoplasms","WAGR Syndrome","Lymphomatoid Papulosis","Fibroma, Ossifying","Osteosarcoma, Juxtacortical","Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous","Fibroma, Desmoplastic","Fibromatosis, Abdominal","Fibromatosis, Aggressive","Dermatofibrosarcoma","Fibroadenoma","Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar","Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar","Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal","Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal","Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site","Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular","Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular","Carcinoma, Endometrioid","Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast","Carcinoma, Medullary","Carcinoma, Medullary","Carcinoma, Medullary","Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous","Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary","Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous","Klatskin Tumor","Ganglioglioma","Ganglioglioma","Glioma, Subependymal","Gliosarcoma","Gliosarcoma","Neurofibrosarcoma","Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle","Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle","Melanoma, Amelanotic","Melanoma, Amelanotic","Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell","Optic Nerve Glioma","Optic Nerve Glioma","Optic Nerve Glioma","Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Choriocarcinoma, Non-gestational","Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous","Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Pleural","Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell","Mastocytoma, Skin","Mastocytoma, Skin","Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse","Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath","Fibroma","Breast Carcinoma In Situ","Tubular Sweat Gland Adenomas","Tubular Sweat Gland Adenomas","Adenocarcinoma of Lung","Adenocarcinoma of Lung","Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck","Chondrosarcoma, Clear Cell","Chondrosarcoma, Clear Cell","Adenocarcinoma, Papillary","Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms","Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","Glioma","Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma","Glioma","Infratentorial Neoplasms","Colorectal Neoplasms","Mesothelioma, Malignant","Mesothelioma, Malignant","Mesothelioma, Malignant","Mesothelioma, Malignant","Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial","Adenoma, Basophil","Adenoma, Basophil","Adenoma, Chromophobe","Adenoma, Chromophobe","Adenoma, Acidophil","Adenoma, Acidophil","Cecal Neoplasms","Apudoma","Apudoma","Astrocytoma","Sarcoma, Avian","Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome","Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome","Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome","Blast Crisis","Bowen's Disease","Bowen's Disease","Bronchial Neoplasms","Burkitt Lymphoma","Carcinoid Tumor","Carcinoid Tumor","Carcinoid Tumor","Carcinoma 256, Walker","Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating","Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous","Carcinoma, Renal Cell","Carcinoma, Renal Cell","Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous","Paraganglioma","Paraganglioma","Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms","Uterine Cervical Neoplasms","Hydatidiform Mole","Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive","Choriocarcinoma","Common Bile Duct Neoplasms","Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic","Cystadenocarcinoma","Dentigerous Cyst","Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine","Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine","Vipoma","Vipoma","Duodenal Neoplasms","Ependymoma","Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute","Osteochondroma","Fibrosarcoma","Ganglioneuroma","Ganglioneuroma","Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","Carcinoma, Islet Cell","Glucagonoma","Glucagonoma","Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms","Supratentorial Neoplasms","Ileal Neoplasms","Insulinoma","Insulinoma","Insulinoma","Jejunal Neoplasms","Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell","Krukenberg Tumor","Leukemia, Mast-Cell","Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute","Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute","Leydig Cell Tumor","Leydig Cell Tumor","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis","Mandibular Neoplasms","Maxillary Neoplasms","Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms","Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive","Medulloblastoma","Medulloblastoma","Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive","Melanoma","Melanoma","Meningioma","Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous","Nelson Syndrome","Wilms Tumor","Neurilemmoma","Neurilemmoma","Neurilemmoma","Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral","Neurofibromatoses","Neuroma, Acoustic","Nevus of Ota","Oligodendroglioma","Oropharyngeal Neoplasms","Osteoma","Paget's Disease, Mammary","Paget Disease, Extramammary","Palatal Neoplasms","Pancoast Syndrome","Parotid Neoplasms","Periodontal Cyst","Pinealoma","Pinealoma","Pinealoma","Pseudomyxoma Peritonei","Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine","Retinoblastoma","Retinoblastoma","Rhabdomyoma","Rhabdomyosarcoma","Rhabdomyosarcoma","Sarcoma 180","Sarcoma 37","Osteosarcoma","Sarcoma, Ewing","Mast-Cell Sarcoma","Sarcoma, Yoshida","Sertoli Cell Tumor","Sertoli Cell Tumor","Somatostatinoma","Somatostatinoma","Sublingual Gland Neoplasms","Submandibular Gland Neoplasms","Mastocytosis, Cutaneous","Epidural Neoplasms","Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine","Gastrinoma","Gastrinoma","Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell","Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma","Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell","Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase","Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase","Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute","Leukemia, Eosinophilic, Acute","Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute","Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome","Pleural Effusion, Malignant","Arachnoid Cysts","Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral","Lymphoma, AIDS-Related","Endometrial Neoplasms","Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic","Leukoplakia, Hairy","Nephroma, Mesoblastic","Pulmonary Blastoma","Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal","Liposarcoma, Myxoid","Liposarcoma, Myxoid","Chondromatosis","Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal","Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal","Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","Giant Cell Tumor of Bone","Fibroma, Ossifying","Osteoblastoma","Osteosarcoma, Juxtacortical","Histiocytoma","Dermatofibrosarcoma","Myofibromatosis","Angiomyoma","Leiomyoma, Epithelioid","Leiomyomatosis","Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site","Adrenocortical Adenoma","Acrospiroma","Acrospiroma","Hidrocystoma","Hidrocystoma","Syringoma","Syringoma","Mesothelioma, Cystic","Mesothelioma, Cystic","Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell","Adenocarcinoma, Follicular","Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous","Carcinoma, Acinar Cell","Adrenocortical Carcinoma","Adrenocortical Carcinoma","Carcinoma, Endometrioid","Carcinoma, Ductal","Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast","Carcinoma, Lobular","Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid","Carcinoma, Skin Appendage","Cholangiocarcinoma","Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous","Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary","Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous","Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia","Cystadenoma, Mucinous","Cystadenoma, Mucinous","Cystadenoma, Papillary","Cystadenoma, Papillary","Cystadenoma, Serous","Cystadenoma, Serous","Ganglioglioma","Neurocytoma","Neurocytoma","Neurocytoma","Papilloma, Inverted","Gliosarcoma","Neurofibroma, Plexiform","Neurofibrosarcoma","Neurofibrosarcoma","Neurothekeoma","Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid","Hemangioblastoma","Nevus, Blue","Nevus, Spindle Cell","Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying","Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone","Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia","Optic Nerve Neoplasms","Optic Nerve Glioma","Optic Nerve Glioma","Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System","Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","Choriocarcinoma, Non-gestational","Mastocytosis, Systemic","Mastocytoma","Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma","Mongolian Spot","Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic","Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma","Solitary Fibrous Tumors","Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Pleural","Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell","Lymphoma, Primary Effusion","Multiple Pulmonary Nodules","Meningeal Carcinomatosis","Colloid Cysts","Carney Complex","Eccrine Porocarcinoma","Poroma","Poroma","Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","Cystadenofibroma","Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor","Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor","Lipoblastoma","Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant","Adenocarcinoma in Situ","Adenocarcinoma in Situ","Lymphoma, B-Cell","Mammary Analogue Secretory Carcinoma","Giant Cell Tumors","Neoplasms, Fibrous Tissue","Carcinoma in Situ","Adenoma, Sweat Gland","Adenoma, Sweat Gland","Adenocarcinoma","Lung Neoplasms","Carcinoma, Squamous Cell","Chondrosarcoma","Chondrosarcoma","Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial","Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial","Thyroid Cancer, Papillary","Thyroid Cancer, Papillary","Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma","Pharyngeal Neoplasms","Carcinoma, Squamous Cell","Esophageal Neoplasms","Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","Myopericytoma","Myopericytoma","Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms","Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms","Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms","Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial","Glioma","Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial","Brain Neoplasms","Warburg Effect, Oncologic","Intestinal Neoplasms","Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastoma","Mesothelioma","Mesothelioma","Pleural Neoplasms","Adenofibroma","Neuroendocrine Tumors","Adenoma, Basophil","Neuroendocrine Tumors","Adenoma, Chromophobe","Adenoma, Acidophil","Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms","Adrenal Rest Tumor","Apudoma","Avian Leukosis","Sarcoma, Experimental","Odontogenic Cysts","Carcinoma, Basal Cell","Carcinoma, Basal Cell","Bile Duct Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder Neoplasms","Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive","Blast Crisis","Brenner Tumor","Carcinoma 256, Walker","Carcinosarcoma","Carcinoma, Basosquamous","Carcinoma, Basosquamous","Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating","Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor","Carcinoma, Krebs 2","Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous","Carcinoma, Papillary","Carcinoma, Papillary","Kidney Neoplasms","Carcinoma, Transitional Cell","Cell Transformation, Viral","Uterine Neoplasms","Adenoma, Bile Duct","Chondroblastoma","Chondroma","Gestational Trophoblastic Disease","Hydatidiform Mole","Choriocarcinoma","Choroid Neoplasms","Cranial Nerve Neoplasms","Craniopharyngioma","Craniopharyngioma","Cystadenocarcinoma","Cystadenoma","Cystadenoma","Phyllodes Tumor","Dermoid Cyst","Carcinoma, Islet Cell","Carcinoma, Islet Cell","Dysgerminoma","Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome","Ear Neoplasms","Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute","Neoplasms, Bone Tissue","Eyelid Neoplasms","Fallopian Tube Neoplasms","Fibrosarcoma","Gallbladder Neoplasms","Ganglioneuroma","Adenomatous Polyps","Gingival Neoplasms","Granulosa Cell Tumor","Granulosa Cell Tumor","Hemangioendothelioma","Hemangioma, Cavernous","Hemangiosarcoma","Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","Adenoma, Islet Cell","Adenoma, Islet Cell","Adenoma, Islet Cell","Jaw Neoplasms","Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell","Laryngeal Neoplasms","Leiomyoma","Leiomyosarcoma","Leiomyosarcoma","Leukemia L1210","Leukemia L5178","Leukemia P388","Leukemia, Plasma Cell","Leukoplakia, Oral","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Testicular Neoplasms","Lip Neoplasms","Lipoma","Liposarcoma","Liposarcoma","Liver Neoplasms, Experimental","Lymphangiosarcoma","Lymphoma, Follicular","Mastocytosis","Nose Neoplasms","Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive","Meigs Syndrome","Melanoma, Experimental","Meningeal Neoplasms","Adenoma, Pleomorphic","Myasthenia Gravis","Lymphoma, T-Cell","Myelitis, Transverse","Myoma","Myosarcoma","Myosarcoma","Myxoma","Myxosarcoma","Myxosarcoma","ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","Neuroma","Neurofibroma","Neuroma, Acoustic","Nevus, Pigmented","Nonodontogenic Cysts","Nose Neoplasms","Orbital Neoplasms","Paget Disease, Extramammary","Palatal Neoplasms","Papilloma","Salivary Gland Neoplasms","Penile Neoplasms","Pinealoma","Polycythemia Vera","Prostatic Neoplasms","Retinoblastoma","Retinoblastoma","Osteosarcoma","Sarcoma, Kaposi","Spinal Cord Neoplasms","Stomach Neoplasms","Struma Ovarii","Sturge-Weber Syndrome","Sarcoma, Synovial","Sarcoma, Synovial","Thecoma","Thecoma","Thymoma","Tongue Neoplasms","Tracheal Neoplasms","Ureteral Neoplasms","Urethral Neoplasms","Urticaria Pigmentosa","Vaginal Neoplasms","Vulvar Neoplasms","Prolactinoma","Prolactinoma","Leukemia, B-Cell","Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma","Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute","Leukemia, T-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic","Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic","Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute","Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome","Iris Neoplasms","Central Nervous System Cysts","Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic","Granular Cell Tumor","Thyroid Nodule","Thyroid Nodule","Neuroectodermal Tumor, Melanotic","Neuroectodermal Tumor, Melanotic","WAGR Syndrome","Leukoplakia, Hairy","Lymphangioma, Cystic","Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","Adenosarcoma","Carcinoma, Adenosquamous","Mixed Tumor, Mesodermal","Endometrial Stromal Tumors","Angiolipoma","Angiomyolipoma","Angiomyolipoma","Myelolipoma","Fibroadenoma","Sarcoma, Clear Cell","Sarcoma, Clear Cell","Sarcoma, Small Cell","Sarcoma, Small Cell","Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part","Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part","Smooth Muscle Tumor","Seminoma","Endodermal Sinus Tumor","Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site","Adenoma, Liver Cell","Adenoma, Liver Cell","Adenoma, Oxyphilic","Adenoma, Villous","Adenomatoid Tumor","Adenomatoid Tumor","Adenomatosis, Pulmonary","Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous","Carcinoma, Ductal","Carcinoma, Lobular","Carcinoma, Medullary","Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid","Carcinoma, Skin Appendage","Carcinoma, Giant Cell","Carcinoma, Large Cell","Carcinoma, Small Cell","Carcinoma, Verrucous","Carcinoma, Verrucous","Pilomatrixoma","Mucoepidermoid Tumor","Papilloma, Intraductal","Neurocytoma","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Luteoma","Luteoma","Neurothekeoma","Hemangioma, Capillary","Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle","Melanoma, Amelanotic","Nevus, Intradermal","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b","Carcinoma, Lewis Lung","Skull Base Neoplasms","Optic Nerve Neoplasms","Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration","Limbic Encephalitis","Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy","Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell","Central Nervous System Venous Angioma","Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","Sarcoma, Myeloid","Sarcoma, Myeloid","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Choriocarcinoma, Non-gestational","Endometrial Stromal Tumors","Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors","Myofibroma","Acanthoma","Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous","Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome","Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn","Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile","Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative","Mastocytoma, Skin","Muir-Torre Syndrome","Muir-Torre Syndrome","Nevus, Halo","Carney Complex","Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor","Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome","Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis","Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome","Cystadenofibroma","Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic","Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin","Carcinoma","Unilateral Breast Neoplasms","Neoplasms, Connective Tissue","Breast Carcinoma In Situ","Adenoma","Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage","Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis","Respiratory Tract Neoplasms","Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck","Sarcoma","Ovarian Neoplasms","Thyroid Neoplasms","Thyroid Neoplasms","Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms","Neoplasms, Squamous Cell","Gastrointestinal Neoplasms","Esophageal Neoplasms","Hemangiopericytoma","Neoplasms, Ductal, Lobular, and Medullary","Pancreatic Neoplasms","Pancreatic Neoplasms","Extranodal Extension","Neuroectodermal Tumors","Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial","Neuroectodermal Tumors","Central Nervous System Neoplasms","Cell Transformation, Neoplastic","Heart Neoplasms","Neoplasms, Mesothelial","ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic","Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial","Adenolymphoma","Adrenal Gland Neoplasms","Ameloblastoma","Angiokeratoma","Leukemia, Experimental","Avian Leukosis","Sarcoma, Avian","Jaw Cysts","Neoplasms, Basal Cell","Biliary Tract Neoplasms","Urologic Neoplasms","Leukemia, Myeloid","Carcinosarcoma","Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous","Cementoma","Genital Neoplasms, Female","Chordoma","Trophoblastic Neoplasms","Gestational Trophoblastic Disease","Choriocarcinoma","Uveal Neoplasms","Cocarcinogenesis","Conjunctival Neoplasms","Cranial Nerve Neoplasms","Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms","Teratoma","Germinoma","Nevus","Facial Neoplasms","Femoral Neoplasms","Gardner Syndrome","Genital Neoplasms, Male","Mouth Neoplasms","Glomus Tumor","Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumors","Hemangioma","Hemangiosarcoma","Liver Neoplasms","Hodgkin Disease","Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease","Skull Neoplasms","Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue","Leukemia L1210","Leukemia L5178","Leukemia P388","Leukemia, Hairy Cell","Leukemia, Lymphoid","Leukemia, Mast-Cell","Leukemia, Plasma Cell","Multiple Myeloma","Leukemia, Radiation-Induced","Leukoplakia, Oral","Testicular Neoplasms","Neoplasms, Adipose Tissue","Lymphangioma","Lymphangiomyoma","Lymphangiosarcoma","Lymphatic Metastasis","Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental","Mediastinal Neoplasms","Melanoma","Meningioma","Meningioma","Mesenchymoma","Mesonephroma","Adenoma, Pleomorphic","Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System","Myasthenia Gravis","Myelitis, Transverse","Myoepithelioma","Pituitary Neoplasms","Neoplastic Cells, Circulating","Neoplasm Seeding","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","Neoplasms, Unknown Primary","Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes","Wilms Tumor","Nerve Sheath Neoplasms","Neurofibromatosis 1","Odontoma","Orbital Neoplasms","Pancreatic Pseudocyst","Parathyroid Neoplasms","Parathyroid Neoplasms","Peritoneal Neoplasms","Peritoneal Neoplasms","Plasmacytoma","Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","Bone Marrow Neoplasms","Popliteal Cyst","Retinal Neoplasms","Retroperitoneal Neoplasms","Sarcoma 180","Sarcoma 37","Sarcoma, Kaposi","Sarcoma, Yoshida","Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms","Spinal Neoplasms","Sweat Gland Neoplasms","Thymoma","Thymus Neoplasms","Tracheal Neoplasms","Mastocytosis, Cutaneous","Venereal Tumors, Veterinary","Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome","Neurofibromatosis 2","Leukemia, Feline","Enzootic Bovine Leukosis","Proteus Syndrome","Proteus Syndrome","Leukemic Infiltration","WAGR Syndrome","Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal","Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms","Adenomyoma","Adenosarcoma","Carcinoma, Adenosquamous","Hepatoblastoma","Mixed Tumor, Malignant","Mixed Tumor, Mesodermal","Mixed Tumor, Mullerian","Nephroma, Mesoblastic","Pulmonary Blastoma","Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal","Carcinoma, Embryonal","Gonadoblastoma","Gonadoblastoma","Teratocarcinoma","Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast","Carcinoma, Lobular","Angiofibroma","Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying","Rhabdoid Tumor","Breast Neoplasms, Male","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b","Muscle Neoplasms","Vascular Neoplasms","Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration","Limbic Encephalitis","Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Acanthoma","Adamantinoma","Odontogenic Tumor, Squamous","Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome","Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Interdigitating","Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular","Histiocytic Sarcoma","Langerhans Cell Sarcoma","Adenomyoepithelioma","Lynch Syndrome II","Sister Mary Joseph's Nodule","Composite Lymphoma","Composite Lymphoma","Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms","Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Ocular","Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis","Neoplasm Micrometastasis","Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome","Intraocular Lymphoma","Intraocular Lymphoma","Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms","Atypical Squamous Cells of the Cervix","Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix","Abdominal Neoplasms","Lymphoma","Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial","Breast Neoplasms","Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue","Oncogene Addiction","Smoldering Multiple Myeloma","Neoplasms, Plasma Cell","Thoracic Neoplasms","Head and Neck Neoplasms","Endocrine Gland Neoplasms","Digestive System Neoplasms","Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue","Neoplasm Metastasis","Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal","Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue","Nervous System Neoplasms","Carcinogenesis","Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes","Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed","Odontogenic Tumors","Anal Gland Neoplasms","Anaplasia","Leukemia","Leukemia, Experimental","Sarcoma, Experimental","Barrett Esophagus","Bone Cysts","Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome","Urogenital Neoplasms","Bone Neoplasms","Branchioma","Bronchogenic Cyst","Carcinoma 256, Walker","Carcinoma, Brown-Pearce","Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor","Carcinoma, Krebs 2","Uterine Cervical Dysplasia","Trophoblastic Neoplasms","Eye Neoplasms","Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis","Dermoid Cyst","Nevi and Melanomas","Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome","Epidermal Cyst","Erythroplasia","Esophageal Cyst","Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary","Follicular Cyst","Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","Neoplasms, Gonadal Tissue","Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple","Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple","Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple","Leukemia, Radiation-Induced","Leukoplakia","Liver Neoplasms, Experimental","Lymphatic Vessel Tumors","Lymphocele","Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis","Mammary Neoplasms, Animal","Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental","Mediastinal Cyst","Melanoma, Experimental","Mesenteric Cyst","Mucocele","Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System","Neoplasm Invasiveness","Neoplasm Recurrence, Local","Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","Wilms Tumor","Neurofibromatoses","Ovarian Cysts","Pancreatic Cyst","Parovarian Cyst","Pelvic Neoplasms","Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome","Pilonidal Sinus","Hematologic Neoplasms","Synovial Cyst","Preleukemia","Ranula","Skin Neoplasms","Soft Tissue Neoplasms","Splenic Neoplasms","Thyroglossal Cyst","Tuberous Sclerosis","Tuberous Sclerosis","Tuberous Sclerosis","Urachal Cyst","Xeroderma Pigmentosum","Choledochal Cyst","Histiocytic Disorders, Malignant","Arachnoid Cysts","Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","Chalazion","Neoplasm, Residual","Carcinoma, Lewis Lung","Ganglion Cysts","Breast Cyst","Tarlov Cysts","Pallister-Hall Syndrome","Keratosis, Actinic","Colloid Cysts","Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome","Aberrant Crypt Foci","Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Ocular","Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome","Neoplasms by Site","Neoplasms by Histologic Type","Neoplastic Processes","Precancerous Conditions","Paraneoplastic Syndromes","Neoplasms, Experimental","Cysts","Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary","Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic","Hamartoma","Neoplasms, Multiple Primary","Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced","Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent","Neoplasms, Second Primary","Neoplasms, 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Axial Spondyloarthritis",2,0.0,"D000089202","C05.116.900.853.625.800.744.250",0,"Description: Chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the axial<br>joints which cannot be detectable on x-rays. It is characterized<br>by pain, stiffness of joints and inflammation. Non-radiographic<br>axial spondyloarthritis can have symptoms onset before the age of<br>45 and progress to more severe ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS over time.",""],["Spondylitis, Ankylosing",14239,0.2,"D013167","C05.116.900.853.625.800.744.500",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial<br>joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or<br>costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and<br>is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with<br>inflammation at tendon insertions.",""],["Talipes Cavus",84,0.0,"D000070589","C05.660.585.512.380.813.500",0,"Description: A foot deformity in which the arch of the foot is<br>high and often the heel adducted.",""],["Axial Spondyloarthritis",14328,0.2,"D000089183","C05.116.900.853.625.800.744",2,"Description: A spectrum of chronic inflammatory conditions<br>affecting the axial joints (e.g., SPINE), characterized by pain,<br>stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS), reduced mobility and<br>inflammation. When joint inflammation and damage are visible on<br>regular X-rays it is called ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; otherwise it<br>is referred to as NON-RADIOGRAPHIC AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS.<br>HLA-B27 ANTIGEN is a biomarker and IL-23/IL-17 pathway a<br>potential therapeutic target for axial and other related<br>spondyloarthritis.",""],["Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis",2,0.0,"D000089202","C05.550.114.865.800.744.250",0,"Description: Chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the axial<br>joints which cannot be detectable on x-rays. It is characterized<br>by pain, stiffness of joints and inflammation. Non-radiographic<br>axial spondyloarthritis can have symptoms onset before the age of<br>45 and progress to more severe ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS over time.",""],["Acrocephalosyndactylia",1440,0.0,"D000168","C05.116.099.370.894.232.015",0,"Description: Congenital craniostenosis with syndactyly.",""],["Acrocephalosyndactylia",1440,0.0,"D000168","C05.116.099.370.894.819.100",0,"Description: Congenital craniostenosis with syndactyly.",""],["Clubfoot",3532,0.1,"D003025","C05.660.585.512.380.813.063",0,"Description: A deformed foot in which the foot is plantarflexed,<br>inverted, and adducted.",""],["Equinus Deformity",445,0.0,"D004863","C05.660.585.512.380.813.125",0,"Description: Plantar declination of the foot.",""],["Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary",1308,0.0,"D005097","C05.116.099.708.670.615.325",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder transmitted by an autosomal<br>dominant gene and characterized by multiple exostoses (multiple<br>osteochondromas) near the ends of long bones. The genetic<br>abnormality results in a defect in the osteoclastic activity at<br>the metaphyseal ends of the bone during the remodeling process in<br>childhood or early adolescence. The metaphyses develop benign,<br>bony outgrowths often capped by cartilage. A small number undergo<br>neoplastic transformation.",""],["Flatfoot",2379,0.0,"D005413","C05.660.585.512.380.813.250",0,"Description: Anomaly in which one or more of the arches of the<br>feet are flat.",""],["Goldenhar Syndrome",834,0.0,"D006053","C05.116.099.370.231.576.410",0,"Description: Mandibulofacial dysostosis with congenital eyelid<br>dermoids.",""],["Poland Syndrome",503,0.0,"D011045","C05.116.099.370.894.819.756",0,"Description: A syndrome which is characterized by<br>symbrachydactyly and aplasia of the sternal head of pectoralis<br>major.",""],["Spondylitis, Ankylosing",14239,0.2,"D013167","C05.550.114.865.800.744.500",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial<br>joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or<br>costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and<br>is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with<br>inflammation at tendon insertions.",""],["Arthritis, Psoriatic",7007,0.1,"D015535","C05.116.900.853.625.800.424",0,"Description: A type of inflammatory arthritis associated with<br>PSORIASIS, often involving the axial joints and the peripheral<br>terminal interphalangeal joints. It is characterized by the<br>presence of HLA-B27-associated SPONDYLARTHROPATHY, and the<br>absence of rheumatoid factor.",""],["Arthritis, Reactive",3292,0.0,"D016918","C05.116.900.853.625.800.637",0,"Description: An aseptic, inflammatory arthritis developing<br>secondary to a primary extra-articular infection, most typically<br>of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or UROGENITAL SYSTEM. The<br>initiating trigger pathogens are usually SHIGELLA; SALMONELLA;<br>YERSINIA; CAMPYLOBACTER; or CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. Reactive<br>arthritis is strongly associated with HLA-B27 ANTIGEN.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C05.116.099.370.894.819.428",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["Talipes",6451,0.1,"D000070558","C05.660.585.512.380.813",4,"Description: Deformity in which the foot is misaligned with<br>respect to the TALUS in the ANKLE JOINT. While mostly congenital,<br>as in CLUBFOOT, acquired deformities are included. Acquired<br>talipedes are often associated with other foot deformities such<br>as SYNDACTYLY and POLYDACTYLY.",""],["Tarsal Coalition",83,0.0,"D000070604","C05.116.099.370.894.909",0,"Description: Congenital, complete or partial fusion of the TARSAL<br>BONES of the foot. PES PLANUS is usually a feature.",""],["Tarsal Coalition",83,0.0,"D000070604","C05.660.585.512.380.875",0,"Description: Congenital, complete or partial fusion of the TARSAL<br>BONES of the foot. PES PLANUS is usually a feature.",""],["Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia",31,0.0,"D000077275","C05.116.099.708.375.286",0,"Description: Mostly benign fibro-osseous proliferation of the<br>facial bones and skull. It can be either monostotic (localized to<br>a single bone) or polyostotic (localized to more than one bone)<br>type.",""],["X-Linked Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy",3,0.0,"D000083143","C05.651.534.500.350.500",0,"Description: Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy associated with<br>mutations on emerin (EMD gene) or four and a half LIM domains 1<br>(FHL1 gene) both located on X chromosome.",""],["Spondylarthropathies",25903,0.4,"D025242","C05.116.900.853.625.800",5,"Description: Heterogeneous group of arthritic diseases sharing<br>clinical and radiologic features. They are associated with the<br>HLA-B27 ANTIGEN and some with a triggering infection. Most<br>involve the axial joints in the SPINE, particularly the<br>SACROILIAC JOINT, but can also involve asymmetric peripheral<br>joints. Subsets include ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; REACTIVE<br>ARTHRITIS; PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS; and others.",""],["Axial Spondyloarthritis",14328,0.2,"D000089183","C05.550.114.865.800.744",2,"Description: A spectrum of chronic inflammatory conditions<br>affecting the axial joints (e.g., SPINE), characterized by pain,<br>stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS), reduced mobility and<br>inflammation. When joint inflammation and damage are visible on<br>regular X-rays it is called ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; otherwise it<br>is referred to as NON-RADIOGRAPHIC AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS.<br>HLA-B27 ANTIGEN is a biomarker and IL-23/IL-17 pathway a<br>potential therapeutic target for axial and other related<br>spondyloarthritis.",""],["Craniosynostoses",6904,0.1,"D003398","C05.116.099.370.894.232",1,"Description: Premature closure of one or more CRANIAL SUTURES. It<br>often results in plagiocephaly. Craniosynostoses that involve<br>multiple sutures are sometimes associated with congenital<br>syndromes such as ACROCEPHALOSYNDACTYLIA; and CRANIOFACIAL<br>DYSOSTOSIS.",""],["Syndactyly",3738,0.1,"D013576","C05.116.099.370.894.819",3,"Description: A congenital anomaly of the hand or foot, marked by<br>the webbing between adjacent fingers or toes. Syndactylies are<br>classified as complete or incomplete by the degree of joining.<br>Syndactylies can also be simple or complex. Simple syndactyly<br>indicates joining of only skin or soft tissue; complex syndactyly<br>marks joining of bony elements.",""],["Cherubism",444,0.0,"D002636","C05.116.099.708.375.199",0,"Description: A fibro-osseous hereditary disease of the jaws. The<br>swollen jaws and raised eyes give a cherubic appearance; multiple<br>radiolucencies are evident upon radiographic examination.",""],["Cleft Palate",18633,0.3,"D002972","C05.660.207.540.460.185",0,"Description: Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate,<br>due to faulty fusion.",""],["Osteochondromatosis",1472,0.0,"D018216","C05.116.099.708.670.615",1,"Description: A condition marked by the presence of multiple<br>osteochondromas. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic",447,0.0,"D005358","C05.116.099.708.375.372",0,"Description: FIBROUS DYSPLASIA OF BONE involving only one bone.",""],["Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic",1437,0.0,"D005359","C05.116.099.708.375.381",0,"Description: FIBROUS DYSPLASIA OF BONE affecting several bones.<br>When melanotic pigmentation (CAFE-AU-LAIT SPOTS) and multiple<br>endocrine hyperfunction are additionally associated it is<br>referred to as Albright syndrome.",""],["Mandibulofacial Dysostosis",2302,0.0,"D008342","C05.116.099.370.231.576",1,"Description: A hereditary disorder occurring in two forms: the<br>complete form (Franceschetti's syndrome) is characterized by<br>antimongoloid slant of the palpebral fissures, COLOBOMA of the<br>lower lid, MICROGNATHIA and hypoplasia of the ZYGOMATIC ARCHES,<br>and CONGENITAL MICROTIA. It is transmitted as an autosomal trait.<br>The incomplete form (Treacher Collins syndrome) is characterized<br>by the same anomalies in less pronounced degree. It occurs<br>sporadically, but an autosomal dominant mode of transmission is<br>suspected. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Goldenhar Syndrome",834,0.0,"D006053","C05.660.207.231.576.410",0,"Description: Mandibulofacial dysostosis with congenital eyelid<br>dermoids.",""],["Hallermann's Syndrome",174,0.0,"D006210","C05.116.099.370.231.427",0,"Description: An oculomandibulofacial syndrome principally<br>characterized by dyscephaly (usually brachycephaly), parrot nose,<br>mandibular hypoplasia, proportionate nanism, hypotrichosis,<br>bilateral congenital cataracts, and microphthalmia. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Hypertelorism",692,0.0,"D006972","C05.116.099.370.231.480",0,"Description: Abnormal increase in the interorbital distance due<br>to overdevelopment of the lesser wings of the sphenoid.",""],["Mandibular Neoplasms",8558,0.1,"D008339","C05.116.231.754.450.583",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MANDIBLE.",""],["Maxillary Neoplasms",4923,0.1,"D008441","C05.116.231.754.450.601",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.",""],["Melorheostosis",446,0.0,"D008557","C05.116.099.708.702.593",0,"Description: A form of osteosclerosis extending in a linear track<br>mainly through one of the long bones of the upper and lower<br>limbs.",""],["Micrognathism",905,0.0,"D008844","C05.660.207.540.460.457",0,"Description: Abnormally small jaw.",""],["Osteopetrosis",2514,0.0,"D010022","C05.116.099.708.702.678",0,"Description: Excessive formation of dense trabecular bone leading<br>to pathological fractures; OSTEITIS; SPLENOMEGALY with infarct;<br>ANEMIA; and extramedullary hemopoiesis (HEMATOPOIESIS,<br>EXTRAMEDULLARY).",""],["Osteopoikilosis",377,0.0,"D010023","C05.116.099.708.702.685",0,"Description: An asymptomatic, autosomal dominant trait in which<br>pea-sized sclerotic spots, prominent in the metaphyseal area, are<br>accompanied by unique cutaneous lesions. These are yellowish<br>papules or plaques with increased elastin content. (From Cecil<br>Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, pp1434-35)",""],["Palatal Neoplasms",2200,0.0,"D010157","C05.116.231.754.450.692",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PALATE, including those of<br>the hard palate, soft palate and UVULA.",""],["Pierre Robin Syndrome",1344,0.0,"D010855","C05.660.207.540.460.606",0,"Description: Congenital malformation characterized by<br>MICROGNATHIA or RETROGNATHIA; GLOSSOPTOSIS and CLEFT PALATE. The<br>mandibular abnormalities often result in difficulties in sucking<br>and swallowing. The syndrome may be isolated or associated with<br>other syndromes (e.g., ANDERSEN SYNDROME; CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA).<br>Developmental mis-expression of SOX9 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR gene on<br>chromosome 17q and its surrounding region is associated with the<br>syndrome.",""],["Prognathism",2092,0.0,"D011378","C05.660.207.540.460.655",0,"Description: A condition marked by abnormal protrusion of the<br>mandible. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Radicular Cyst",855,0.0,"D011842","C05.500.470.690.790.820",0,"Description: Slow-growing fluid-filled epithelial sac at the apex<br>of a tooth with a nonvital pulp or defective root canal filling.",""],["Scheuermann Disease",573,0.0,"D012544","C05.116.900.800.500.500",0,"Description: A type of juvenile osteochondrosis affecting the<br>fibrocartilaginous disc (INTERVERTEBRAL DISC) in the thoracic or<br>thoracolumbar region of the SPINE. It is characterized by a<br>forward concave SPINAL CURVATURE or KYPHOSIS.",""],["Spondylolisthesis",4391,0.1,"D013168","C05.116.900.938.500.500",0,"Description: Forward displacement of a superior vertebral body<br>over the vertebral body below.",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome",3920,0.1,"D013706","C05.500.607.221.897.897",0,"Description: A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle<br>tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration<br>of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and<br>manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the<br>temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain<br>but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors.",""],["Thanatophoric Dysplasia",309,0.0,"D013796","C05.116.099.343.110.500",0,"Description: A severe form of neonatal dwarfism with very short<br>limbs. All cases have died at birth or later in the neonatal<br>period.",""],["Thanatophoric Dysplasia",309,0.0,"D013796","C05.116.099.708.017.500",0,"Description: A severe form of neonatal dwarfism with very short<br>limbs. All cases have died at birth or later in the neonatal<br>period.",""],["Arthritis, Psoriatic",7007,0.1,"D015535","C05.550.114.865.800.424",0,"Description: A type of inflammatory arthritis associated with<br>PSORIASIS, often involving the axial joints and the peripheral<br>terminal interphalangeal joints. It is characterized by the<br>presence of HLA-B27-associated SPONDYLARTHROPATHY, and the<br>absence of rheumatoid factor.",""],["Arthritis, Reactive",3292,0.0,"D016918","C05.550.114.865.800.637",0,"Description: An aseptic, inflammatory arthritis developing<br>secondary to a primary extra-articular infection, most typically<br>of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or UROGENITAL SYSTEM. The<br>initiating trigger pathogens are usually SHIGELLA; SALMONELLA;<br>YERSINIA; CAMPYLOBACTER; or CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. Reactive<br>arthritis is strongly associated with HLA-B27 ANTIGEN.",""],["Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic",109,0.0,"D018902","C05.116.099.708.195.200",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive form of CHONDRODYSPLASIA<br>PUNCTATA characterized by defective plasmalogen biosynthesis and<br>impaired peroxisomes. Patients have shortened proximal limbs and<br>severely disturbed endochondral bone formation. The metabolic<br>defects associated with the impaired peroxisomes are present only<br>in the rhizomelic form of chondrodysplasia punctata. (From<br>Scriver et al, Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease, 6th ed,<br>p1497)",""],["Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome",131,0.0,"D031845","C05.116.264.579.052.400",0,"Description: Rare, autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by<br>ACRO-OSTEOLYSIS, generalized OSTEOPOROSIS, and skull<br>deformations.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C05.116.198.816.875.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype",64,0.0,"D054882","C05.116.099.370.894.115",0,"Description: An inherited condition characterized by multiple<br>malformations of CARTILAGE and bone including CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>midface hypoplasia; radiohumeral SYNOSTOSIS; CHOANAL ATRESIA;<br>femoral bowing; neonatal fractures; and multiple joint<br>CONTRACTURES and, occasionally, urogenital, gastrointestinal or<br>cardiac defects. In utero exposure to FLUCONAZOLE, as well as<br>mutations in at least two separate genes are associated with this<br>condition - POR (encoding P450 (cytochrome) oxidoreductase<br>(NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE)) and FGFR2 (encoding<br>FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2).",""],["Osteoarthritis, Spine",176,0.0,"D055013","C05.116.900.853.625.399",0,"Description: A degenerative joint disease involving the SPINE. It<br>is characterized by progressive deterioration of the spinal<br>articular cartilage (CARTILAGE, ARTICULAR), usually with<br>hardening of the subchondral bone and outgrowth of bone spurs<br>(OSTEOPHYTE).",""],["Sarcoglycanopathies",86,0.0,"D058088","C05.651.534.500.280.500",0,"Description: Deficiencies or mutations in the genes for the<br>SARCOGLYCAN COMPLEX subunits. A variety of phenotypes are<br>associated with these mutations including a subgroup of autosomal<br>recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophies, cardiomyopathies, and<br>respiratory deficiency.",""],["Retrognathia",879,0.0,"D063173","C05.660.207.540.460.827",0,"Description: A physical misalignment of the upper (maxilla) and<br>lower (mandibular) jaw bones in which either or both recede<br>relative to the frontal plane of the forehead.",""],["Foot Deformities, Congenital",8780,0.1,"D005532","C05.660.585.512.380",6,"Description: Alterations or deviations from normal shape or size<br>which result in a disfigurement of the foot occurring at or<br>before birth.",""],["Talipes Cavus",84,0.0,"D000070589","C05.330.488.655.500",0,"Description: A foot deformity in which the arch of the foot is<br>high and often the heel adducted.",""],["Talipes Cavus",84,0.0,"D000070589","C05.330.495.681.500",0,"Description: A foot deformity in which the arch of the foot is<br>high and often the heel adducted.",""],["Synostosis",12002,0.2,"D013580","C05.116.099.370.894",8,"Description: A union between adjacent bones or parts of a single<br>bone formed by osseous material, such as ossified connecting<br>cartilage or fibrous tissue. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy",78,0.0,"D000070656","C05.550.114.264.500",0,"Description: Rapidly destructive shoulder joint and bone disease<br>found mainly in elderly, and predominantly in women. It is<br>characterized by SHOULDER PAIN; JOINT INSTABILITY; and the<br>presence of crystalline CALCIUM PHOSPHATES in the SYNOVIAL FLUID.<br>It is associated with ROTATOR CUFF INJURIES.",""],["Salter-Harris Fractures",405,0.0,"D000072042","C05.550.518.336.875",0,"Description: Fractures involving a GROWTH PLATE.",""],["Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone",5174,0.1,"D005357","C05.116.099.708.375",4,"Description: A disease of bone marked by thinning of the cortex<br>by fibrous tissue containing bony spicules, producing pain,<br>disability, and gradually increasing deformity. Only one bone may<br>be involved (FIBROUS DYSPLASIA, MONOSTOTIC) or several (FIBROUS<br>DYSPLASIA, POLYOSTOTIC).",""],["Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip",216,0.0,"D000082602","C05.550.518.384.500",0,"Description: Dislocation of the HIP JOINT from an abnormal<br>FEMORAL HEAD to the ACETABULUM relationship. It is most often due<br>to ligamentous laxity, abnormal positioning of the joint and<br>various other developmental, congenital factors, and method of<br>delivery (e.g., OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS). When dislocation is diagnosed<br>in neonates it is referred to as CONGENITAL HIP DYSPLASIA.",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss",396,0.0,"D020389","C05.651.534.500.350",1,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited muscular dystrophy<br>without the involvement of nervous system. The disease is<br>characterized by MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; CONTRACTURE<br>of the elbows; ACHILLES TENDON; and posterior cervical muscles;<br>with or without cardiac features. There are several INHERITANCE<br>PATTERNS including X-linked (X CHROMOSOME), autosomal dominant<br>(for LMNA-associated type see AUTOSOMAL EMERY-DREIFUSS MUSCULAR<br>DYSTROPHY), and autosomal recessive gene mutations.",""],["Spondylarthritis",29544,0.4,"D025241","C05.116.900.853.625",7,"Description: Inflammation of the joints of the SPINE, the<br>intervertebral articulations.",""],["Spondylarthropathies",25903,0.4,"D025242","C05.550.114.865.800",5,"Description: Heterogeneous group of arthritic diseases sharing<br>clinical and radiologic features. They are associated with the<br>HLA-B27 ANTIGEN and some with a triggering infection. Most<br>involve the axial joints in the SPINE, particularly the<br>SACROILIAC JOINT, but can also involve asymmetric peripheral<br>joints. Subsets include ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; REACTIVE<br>ARTHRITIS; PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS; and others.",""],["Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis",2,0.0,"D000089202","C05.550.069.340.250",0,"Description: Chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the axial<br>joints which cannot be detectable on x-rays. It is characterized<br>by pain, stiffness of joints and inflammation. Non-radiographic<br>axial spondyloarthritis can have symptoms onset before the age of<br>45 and progress to more severe ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS over time.",""],["Achondroplasia",2181,0.0,"D000130","C05.116.099.343.110",1,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder that is the most<br>frequent form of short-limb dwarfism. Affected individuals<br>exhibit short stature caused by rhizomelic shortening of the<br>limbs, characteristic facies with frontal bossing and mid-face<br>hypoplasia, exaggerated lumbar lordosis, limitation of elbow<br>extension, GENU VARUM, and trident hand. (Online Mendelian<br>Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim, MIM#100800,<br>April 20, 2001)",""],["Achondroplasia",2181,0.0,"D000130","C05.116.099.708.017",1,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder that is the most<br>frequent form of short-limb dwarfism. Affected individuals<br>exhibit short stature caused by rhizomelic shortening of the<br>limbs, characteristic facies with frontal bossing and mid-face<br>hypoplasia, exaggerated lumbar lordosis, limitation of elbow<br>extension, GENU VARUM, and trident hand. (Online Mendelian<br>Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim, MIM#100800,<br>April 20, 2001)",""],["Acrocephalosyndactylia",1440,0.0,"D000168","C05.660.207.240.100",0,"Description: Congenital craniostenosis with syndactyly.",""],["Acrocephalosyndactylia",1440,0.0,"D000168","C05.660.585.800.100",0,"Description: Congenital craniostenosis with syndactyly.",""],["Acrocephalosyndactylia",1440,0.0,"D000168","C05.660.906.364.100",0,"Description: Congenital craniostenosis with syndactyly.",""],["Acrocephalosyndactylia",1440,0.0,"D000168","C05.660.906.819.100",0,"Description: Congenital craniostenosis with syndactyly.",""],["Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome",1276,0.0,"D001478","C05.500.470.690.150",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal<br>cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal<br>defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated<br>and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and<br>cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal<br>dominant.",""],["Caplan Syndrome",147,0.0,"D002205","C05.550.114.154.219",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS associated with a specific form of<br>pneumoconiosis, often in coal miners and asbestos workers.",""],["Chondrodysplasia Punctata",902,0.0,"D002806","C05.116.099.708.195",1,"Description: A heterogeneous group of bone dysplasias, the common<br>character of which is stippling of the epiphyses in infancy. The<br>group includes a severe autosomal recessive form<br>(CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, RHIZOMELIC), an autosomal dominant<br>form (Conradi-Hunermann syndrome), and a milder X-linked form.<br>Metabolic defects associated with impaired peroxisomes are<br>present only in the rhizomelic form.",""],["Jaw Abnormalities",25481,0.4,"D007569","C05.660.207.540.460",5,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the jaw.",""],["Cleidocranial Dysplasia",918,0.0,"D002973","C05.116.099.708.207",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant syndrome in which there is<br>delayed closing of the CRANIAL FONTANELLES; complete or partial<br>absence of the collarbones (CLAVICLES); wide PUBIC SYMPHYSIS;<br>short middle phalanges of the fifth fingers; and dental and<br>vertebral anomalies.",""],["Clubfoot",3532,0.1,"D003025","C05.330.488.655.063",0,"Description: A deformed foot in which the foot is plantarflexed,<br>inverted, and adducted.",""],["Clubfoot",3532,0.1,"D003025","C05.330.495.681.063",0,"Description: A deformed foot in which the foot is plantarflexed,<br>inverted, and adducted.",""],["Cockayne Syndrome",706,0.0,"D003057","C05.116.099.343.250",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by multiple system<br>abnormalities including DWARFISM; PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS;<br>PREMATURE AGING; and HEARING LOSS. It is caused by mutations of a<br>number of autosomal recessive genes encoding proteins that<br>involve transcriptional-coupled DNA REPAIR processes. Cockayne<br>syndrome is classified by the severity and age of onset. Type I<br>(classical; CSA) is early childhood onset in the second year of<br>life; type II (congenital; CSB) is early onset at birth with<br>severe symptoms; type III (xeroderma pigmentosum; XP) is late<br>childhood onset with mild symptoms.",""],["Colles' Fracture",808,0.0,"D003100","C05.550.518.336.500",0,"Description: Fracture of the lower end of the radius in which the<br>lower fragment is displaced posteriorly.",""],["Craniofacial Dysostosis",5157,0.1,"D003394","C05.116.099.370.231",4,"Description: Autosomal dominant CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS with shallow<br>ORBITS; EXOPHTHALMOS; and maxillary hypoplasia.",""],["Congenital Hypothyroidism",3928,0.1,"D003409","C05.116.099.343.347",0,"Description: A condition in infancy or early childhood due to an<br>in-utero deficiency of THYROID HORMONES that can be caused by<br>genetic or environmental factors, such as thyroid dysgenesis or<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM in infants of mothers treated with THIOURACIL<br>during pregnancy. Endemic cretinism is the result of iodine<br>deficiency. Clinical symptoms include severe MENTAL RETARDATION,<br>impaired skeletal development, short stature, and MYXEDEMA.",""],["Decalcification, Pathologic",87,0.0,"D003649","C05.116.198.247.400",0,"Description: The loss of calcium salts from bones and teeth.<br>Bacteria may be responsible for this occurrence in teeth. Old age<br>may be a factor contributing to calcium loss, as is the presence<br>of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.",""],["Dentigerous Cyst",1395,0.0,"D003803","C05.500.470.690.310",0,"Description: Most common follicular odontogenic cyst. Occurs in<br>relation to a partially erupted or unerupted tooth with at least<br>the crown of the tooth to which the cyst is attached protruding<br>into the cystic cavity. May give rise to an ameloblastoma and, in<br>rare instances, undergo malignant transformation.",""],["Dermatomyositis",7871,0.1,"D003882","C05.651.594.819.500",0,"Description: A subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle<br>and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a characteristic<br>skin rash. The illness occurs with approximately equal frequency<br>in children and adults. The skin lesions usually take the form of<br>a purplish rash (or less often an exfoliative dermatitis)<br>involving the nose, cheeks, forehead, upper trunk, and arms. The<br>disease is associated with a complement mediated intramuscular<br>microangiopathy, leading to loss of capillaries, muscle ischemia,<br>muscle-fiber necrosis, and perifascicular atrophy. The childhood<br>form of this disease tends to evolve into a systemic vasculitis.<br>Dermatomyositis may occur in association with malignant<br>neoplasms. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1405-6)",""],["Camurati-Engelmann Syndrome",342,0.0,"D003966","C05.116.099.708.180",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of dysplasia that is<br>characterized by progressive thickening of diaphyseal cortex of<br>long bones. Mutations in the gene that encodes TRANSFORMING<br>GROWTH FACTOR BETA1 are one cause of this disorder.",""],["Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal",929,0.0,"D004057","C05.116.900.815.651",0,"Description: A disease of elderly men characterized by large<br>osteophytes that bridge vertebrae and ossification of ligaments<br>and tendon insertions.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C05.660.207.103.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["Dwarfism, Pituitary",1903,0.0,"D004393","C05.116.099.343.445",0,"Description: A form of dwarfism caused by complete or partial<br>GROWTH HORMONE deficiency, resulting from either the lack of<br>GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR from the HYPOTHALAMUS or from the<br>mutations in the growth hormone gene (GH1) in the PITUITARY<br>GLAND. It is also known as Type I pituitary dwarfism. Human<br>hypophysial dwarf is caused by a deficiency of HUMAN GROWTH<br>HORMONE during development.",""],["Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome",474,0.0,"D004613","C05.116.099.708.327",0,"Description: Dwarfism occurring in association with defective<br>development of skin, hair, and teeth, polydactyly, and defect of<br>the cardiac septum. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Enchondromatosis",819,0.0,"D004687","C05.116.099.708.338",0,"Description: Benign growths of cartilage in the metaphyses of<br>several bones.",""],["Equinus Deformity",445,0.0,"D004863","C05.330.488.655.125",0,"Description: Plantar declination of the foot.",""],["Equinus Deformity",445,0.0,"D004863","C05.330.495.681.125",0,"Description: Plantar declination of the foot.",""],["Osteochondroma",3208,0.0,"D015831","C05.116.099.708.670",2,"Description: A cartilage-capped benign tumor that often appears<br>as a stalk on the surface of bone. It is probably a developmental<br>malformation rather than a true neoplasm and is usually found in<br>the metaphysis of the distal femur, proximal tibia, or proximal<br>humerus. Osteochondroma is the most common of benign bone tumors.",""],["Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary",1308,0.0,"D005097","C05.116.540.310.500",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder transmitted by an autosomal<br>dominant gene and characterized by multiple exostoses (multiple<br>osteochondromas) near the ends of long bones. The genetic<br>abnormality results in a defect in the osteoclastic activity at<br>the metaphyseal ends of the bone during the remodeling process in<br>childhood or early adolescence. The metaphyses develop benign,<br>bony outgrowths often capped by cartilage. A small number undergo<br>neoplastic transformation.",""],["Felty Syndrome",620,0.0,"D005258","C05.550.114.154.389",0,"Description: A rare complication of rheumatoid arthritis with<br>autoimmune NEUTROPENIA; and SPLENOMEGALY.",""],["Flatfoot",2379,0.0,"D005413","C05.330.488.655.250",0,"Description: Anomaly in which one or more of the arches of the<br>feet are flat.",""],["Flatfoot",2379,0.0,"D005413","C05.330.495.681.250",0,"Description: Anomaly in which one or more of the arches of the<br>feet are flat.",""],["Focal Dermal Hypoplasia",311,0.0,"D005489","C05.116.099.370.380",0,"Description: A genetic skin disease characterized by hypoplasia<br>of the dermis, herniations of fat, and hand anomalies. It is<br>found exclusively in females and transmitted as an X-linked<br>dominant trait.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII",100,0.0,"D006014","C05.651.534.500.149",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive glycogen storage disease in<br>which there is deficient expression of 6-phosphofructose 1-kinase<br>in muscle (PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE-1, MUSCLE TYPE) resulting in<br>abnormal deposition of glycogen in muscle tissue. These patients<br>have severe congenital muscular dystrophy and are exercise<br>intolerant.",""],["Mandibulofacial Dysostosis",2302,0.0,"D008342","C05.660.207.231.576",1,"Description: A hereditary disorder occurring in two forms: the<br>complete form (Franceschetti's syndrome) is characterized by<br>antimongoloid slant of the palpebral fissures, COLOBOMA of the<br>lower lid, MICROGNATHIA and hypoplasia of the ZYGOMATIC ARCHES,<br>and CONGENITAL MICROTIA. It is transmitted as an autosomal trait.<br>The incomplete form (Treacher Collins syndrome) is characterized<br>by the same anomalies in less pronounced degree. It occurs<br>sporadically, but an autosomal dominant mode of transmission is<br>suspected. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hallermann's Syndrome",174,0.0,"D006210","C05.660.207.231.427",0,"Description: An oculomandibulofacial syndrome principally<br>characterized by dyscephaly (usually brachycephaly), parrot nose,<br>mandibular hypoplasia, proportionate nanism, hypotrichosis,<br>bilateral congenital cataracts, and microphthalmia. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Hand Deformities, Congenital",3016,0.0,"D006228","C05.660.585.988.425",0,"Description: Alterations or deviations from normal shape or size<br>which result in a disfigurement of the hand occurring at or<br>before birth.",""],["Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna",586,0.0,"D006957","C05.116.099.708.486",0,"Description: Thickening of the inner table of the frontal bone,<br>which may be associated with hypertrichosis and obesity. It most<br>commonly affects women near menopause.",""],["Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital",653,0.0,"D006958","C05.116.099.708.479",0,"Description: A disease of young infants characterized by soft<br>tissue swellings over the affected bones, fever, and<br>irritability, and marked by periods of remission and<br>exacerbation. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hypertelorism",692,0.0,"D006972","C05.660.207.231.480",0,"Description: Abnormal increase in the interorbital distance due<br>to overdevelopment of the lesser wings of the sphenoid.",""],["Jaw Neoplasms",18894,0.3,"D007573","C05.116.231.754.450",3,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE<br>unspecified. For neoplasms of the maxilla, MAXILLARY NEOPLASMS is<br>available and of the mandible, MANDIBULAR NEOPLASMS is available.",""],["Kearns-Sayre Syndrome",616,0.0,"D007625","C05.651.460.700.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of<br>chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardiomyopathy<br>(CARDIOMYOPATHIES) with conduction block (HEART BLOCK), and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Disease onset is in the first or second<br>decade. Elevated CSF protein, sensorineural deafness, seizures,<br>and pyramidal signs may also be present. Ragged-red fibers are<br>found on muscle biopsy. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p984)",""],["Klippel-Feil Syndrome",836,0.0,"D007714","C05.116.099.370.535",0,"Description: A syndrome characterised by a low hairline and a<br>shortened neck resulting from a reduced number of vertebrae or<br>the fusion of multiple hemivertebrae into one osseous mass.",""],["Kyphosis",5754,0.1,"D007738","C05.116.900.800.500",1,"Description: Deformities of the SPINE characterized by an<br>exaggerated convexity of the vertebral column. The forward<br>bending of the thoracic region usually is more than 40 degrees.<br>This deformity sometimes is called round back or hunchback.",""],["Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease",1848,0.0,"D007873","C05.116.852.175.570",0,"Description: A particular type of FEMUR HEAD NECROSIS occurring<br>in children, mainly male, with a course of four years or so.",""],["Lordosis",1720,0.0,"D008141","C05.116.900.800.750",0,"Description: The anterior concavity in the curvature of the<br>lumbar and cervical spine as viewed from the side. The term<br>usually refers to abnormally increased curvature (hollow back,<br>saddle back, swayback). It does not include lordosis as normal<br>mating posture in certain animals ( = POSTURE + SEX BEHAVIOR,<br>ANIMAL).",""],["Mastoiditis",1964,0.0,"D008417","C05.116.165.495.249",0,"Description: Inflammation of the honeycomb-like MASTOID BONE in<br>the skull just behind the ear. It is usually a complication of<br>OTITIS MEDIA.",""],["Osteosclerosis",5077,0.1,"D010026","C05.116.099.708.702",3,"Description: An abnormal hardening or increased density of bone<br>tissue.",""],["Monteggia's Fracture",477,0.0,"D009011","C05.550.518.336.750",0,"Description: Fracture in the proximal half of the shaft of the<br>ulna, with dislocation of the head of the radius.",""],["Myotonic Dystrophy",5442,0.1,"D009223","C05.651.534.500.500",0,"Description: Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE<br>MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies.<br>Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal<br>TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of<br>DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA<br>REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is<br>associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2.",""],["Nose Neoplasms",10058,0.1,"D009669","C05.116.231.754.600",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.",""],["Orbital Neoplasms",8540,0.1,"D009918","C05.116.231.754.659",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the bony orbit and contents except the<br>eyeball.",""],["Orofaciodigital Syndromes",428,0.0,"D009958","C05.116.099.370.652",0,"Description: Two syndromes of oral, facial, and digital<br>malformations. Type I (Papillon-Leage and Psaume syndrome,<br>Gorlin-Psaume syndrome) is inherited as an X-linked dominant<br>trait and is found only in females and XXY males. Type II (Mohr<br>syndrome) is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["Osteogenesis Imperfecta",4926,0.1,"D010013","C05.116.099.708.685",0,"Description: COLLAGEN DISEASES characterized by brittle,<br>osteoporotic, and easily fractured bones. It may also present<br>with blue sclerae, loose joints, and imperfect dentin formation.<br>Most types are autosomal dominant and are associated with<br>mutations in COLLAGEN TYPE I.",""],["Osteolysis, Essential",850,0.0,"D010015","C05.116.264.579.704",0,"Description: Syndromes of bone destruction where the cause is not<br>obvious such as neoplasia, infection, or trauma. The destruction<br>follows various patterns: massive (Gorham disease), multicentric<br>(HAJDU-CHENEY SYNDROME), or carpal/tarsal.",""],["Osteomalacia",3371,0.0,"D010018","C05.116.198.816.640",0,"Description: Disorder caused by an interruption of the<br>mineralization of organic bone matrix leading to bone softening,<br>bone pain, and weakness. It is the adult form of rickets<br>resulting from disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM<br>homeostasis.",""],["Periodontal Cyst",1142,0.0,"D010509","C05.500.470.690.790",1,"Description: An epithelium-lined sac containing fluid; usually<br>found at the apex of a pulp-involved tooth. The lateral type<br>occurs less frequently along the side of the root.",""],["Poland Syndrome",503,0.0,"D011045","C05.660.585.800.756",0,"Description: A syndrome which is characterized by<br>symbrachydactyly and aplasia of the sternal head of pectoralis<br>major.",""],["Poland Syndrome",503,0.0,"D011045","C05.660.906.819.756",0,"Description: A syndrome which is characterized by<br>symbrachydactyly and aplasia of the sternal head of pectoralis<br>major.",""],["Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism",242,0.0,"D011556","C05.116.198.709.628",0,"Description: A form of PSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM characterized by<br>the same features except for the abnormal response to hormones<br>such as PARATHYROID HORMONE. It is associated with paternally<br>inherited mutant alleles of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G<br>PROTEIN.",""],["Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder",2928,0.0,"D012080","C05.116.198.816.750",0,"Description: Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development<br>due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3<br>synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative<br>feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.",""],["Rheumatic Nodule",158,0.0,"D012215","C05.550.114.843.566",0,"Description: A small round or oval, mostly subcutaneous nodule<br>made up chiefly of a mass of Aschoff bodies and seen in cases of<br>rheumatic fever. It is differentiated from the RHEUMATOID NODULE<br>which appears in rheumatoid arthritis, most frequently over bony<br>prominences. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Rheumatoid Nodule",694,0.0,"D012218","C05.550.114.154.683",0,"Description: Subcutaneous nodules seen in 20-30% of rheumatoid<br>arthritis patients. They may arise anywhere on the body, but are<br>most frequently found over the bony prominences. The nodules are<br>characterized histologically by dense areas of fibrinoid necrosis<br>with basophilic streaks and granules, surrounded by a palisade of<br>cells, mainly fibroblasts and histiocytes.",""],["Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome",518,0.0,"D012415","C05.116.099.370.797",0,"Description: A chromosomal disorder characterized by MENTAL<br>RETARDATION, broad thumbs, webbing of fingers and toes, beaked<br>nose, short upper lip, pouting lower lip, agenesis of corpus<br>callosum, large foramen magnum, keloid formation, pulmonary<br>stenosis, vertebral anomalies, chest wall anomalies, sleep apnea,<br>and megacolon. The disease has an autosomal dominant pattern of<br>inheritance and is associated with deletions of the short arm of<br>chromosome 16 (16p13.3).",""],["Scheuermann Disease",573,0.0,"D012544","C05.116.821.500.500",0,"Description: A type of juvenile osteochondrosis affecting the<br>fibrocartilaginous disc (INTERVERTEBRAL DISC) in the thoracic or<br>thoracolumbar region of the SPINE. It is characterized by a<br>forward concave SPINAL CURVATURE or KYPHOSIS.",""],["Scheuermann Disease",573,0.0,"D012544","C05.116.900.808.500",0,"Description: A type of juvenile osteochondrosis affecting the<br>fibrocartilaginous disc (INTERVERTEBRAL DISC) in the thoracic or<br>thoracolumbar region of the SPINE. It is characterized by a<br>forward concave SPINAL CURVATURE or KYPHOSIS.",""],["Scoliosis",19117,0.3,"D012600","C05.116.900.800.875",0,"Description: An appreciable lateral deviation in the normally<br>straight vertical line of the spine. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome",153,0.0,"D012779","C05.116.099.708.857",0,"Description: A syndrome inherited as an autosomal recessive trait<br>and incompatible with life. The main features are narrow thorax,<br>short ribs, scapular and pelvic dysplasia, and polydactyly.",""],["Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome",153,0.0,"D012779","C05.660.585.600.750",0,"Description: A syndrome inherited as an autosomal recessive trait<br>and incompatible with life. The main features are narrow thorax,<br>short ribs, scapular and pelvic dysplasia, and polydactyly.",""],["Sjogren's Syndrome",12815,0.2,"D012859","C05.550.114.154.774",0,"Description: Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which<br>the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction<br>by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production<br>of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca<br>syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and<br>XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the<br>presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid<br>arthritis.",""],["Spondylitis, Ankylosing",14239,0.2,"D013167","C05.550.069.340.500",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial<br>joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or<br>costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and<br>is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with<br>inflammation at tendon insertions.",""],["Spondylolysis",5431,0.1,"D013169","C05.116.900.938.500",1,"Description: Deficient development or degeneration of a portion<br>of the VERTEBRA, usually in the pars interarticularis (the bone<br>bridge between the superior and inferior facet joints of the<br>LUMBAR VERTEBRAE) leading to SPONDYLOLISTHESIS.",""],["Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular",1192,0.0,"D013586","C05.550.870.445.500",0,"Description: Diffuse outgrowth arising from the SYNOVIAL<br>MEMBRANE; SYNOVIAL BURSA; or TENDON sheath around the joint<br>cavity, with extension to surrounding soft tissue. It is<br>characterized by pigmented HEMOSIDERIN-containing MACROPHAGES;<br>FOAM CELLS; and multinucleated GIANT CELLS. It usually occurs in<br>the hands and feet, and around large joints, such as in the ankle<br>and knee joints.",""],["Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular",1192,0.0,"D013586","C05.651.869.762.500",0,"Description: Diffuse outgrowth arising from the SYNOVIAL<br>MEMBRANE; SYNOVIAL BURSA; or TENDON sheath around the joint<br>cavity, with extension to surrounding soft tissue. It is<br>characterized by pigmented HEMOSIDERIN-containing MACROPHAGES;<br>FOAM CELLS; and multinucleated GIANT CELLS. It usually occurs in<br>the hands and feet, and around large joints, such as in the ankle<br>and knee joints.",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Disorders",16865,0.2,"D013705","C05.500.607.221.897",1,"Description: A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and<br>functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint.<br>Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular<br>diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the<br>symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred<br>pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional<br>diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where<br>tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or<br>nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities,<br>trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From<br>Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome",3920,0.1,"D013706","C05.651.243.897.897",0,"Description: A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle<br>tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration<br>of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and<br>manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the<br>temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain<br>but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors.",""],["Tennis Elbow",1760,0.0,"D013716","C05.651.869.435.500",0,"Description: A condition characterized by pain in or near the<br>lateral humeral epicondyle or in the forearm extensor muscle mass<br>as a result of unusual strain. It occurs due repetitive stresses<br>on the elbow from activities such as tennis playing.",""],["Tuberculosis, Spinal",4196,0.1,"D014399","C05.116.165.886.722",0,"Description: Osteitis or caries of the vertebrae, usually<br>occurring as a complication of tuberculosis of the lungs.",""],["Tuberculosis, Spinal",4196,0.1,"D014399","C05.116.900.853.850",0,"Description: Osteitis or caries of the vertebrae, usually<br>occurring as a complication of tuberculosis of the lungs.",""],["Wissler's Syndrome",170,0.0,"D014924","C05.550.114.843.823",0,"Description: A rheumatic syndrome of possibly allergic origin,<br>usually affecting children and adolescents, and characterized by<br>high fever, exanthema, arthralgia, leukocytosis, and increased<br>sedimentation rate.",""],["Osteoarthritis, Hip",8009,0.1,"D015207","C05.550.114.606.400",0,"Description: Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the hip<br>joint which usually appears in late middle or old age. It is<br>characterized by growth or maturational disturbances in the<br>femoral neck and head, as well as acetabular dysplasia. A<br>dominant symptom is pain on weight-bearing or motion.",""],["Arthritis, Gouty",1487,0.0,"D015210","C05.550.114.423.410",0,"Description: Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result<br>of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma,<br>infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually<br>monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute<br>and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of<br>MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints.",""],["Arthritis, Gouty",1487,0.0,"D015210","C05.550.354.500.500",0,"Description: Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result<br>of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma,<br>infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually<br>monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute<br>and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of<br>MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints.",""],["Discitis",2412,0.0,"D015299","C05.116.165.762.301",0,"Description: Inflammation of an INTERVERTEBRAL DISC or disk space<br>which may lead to disk erosion. Until recently, discitis has been<br>defined as a nonbacterial inflammation and has been attributed to<br>aseptic processes (e.g., chemical reaction to an injected<br>substance). However, recent studies provide evidence that<br>infection may be the initial cause, but perhaps not the promoter,<br>of most cases of discitis. Discitis has been diagnosed in<br>patients following discography, myelography, lumbar puncture,<br>paravertebral injection, and obstetrical epidural anesthesia.<br>Discitis following chemonucleolysis (especially with chymopapain)<br>is attributed to chemical reaction by some and to introduction of<br>microorganisms by others.",""],["Discitis",2412,0.0,"D015299","C05.116.900.853.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of an INTERVERTEBRAL DISC or disk space<br>which may lead to disk erosion. Until recently, discitis has been<br>defined as a nonbacterial inflammation and has been attributed to<br>aseptic processes (e.g., chemical reaction to an injected<br>substance). However, recent studies provide evidence that<br>infection may be the initial cause, but perhaps not the promoter,<br>of most cases of discitis. Discitis has been diagnosed in<br>patients following discography, myelography, lumbar puncture,<br>paravertebral injection, and obstetrical epidural anesthesia.<br>Discitis following chemonucleolysis (especially with chymopapain)<br>is attributed to chemical reaction by some and to introduction of<br>microorganisms by others.",""],["Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal",11215,0.2,"D015663","C05.116.198.579.610",0,"Description: Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the<br>femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly<br>in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by<br>factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency.",""],["Langer-Giedion Syndrome",179,0.0,"D015826","C05.116.099.708.582",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant disorder characterized by cone-<br>shaped epiphyses in the hands and multiple cartilaginous<br>exostoses. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and abnormalities of<br>chromosome 8 are often present. The exostoses in this syndrome<br>appear identical to those of hereditary multiple exostoses<br>(EXOSTOSES, HEREDITARY MULTIPLE).",""],["Still's Disease, Adult-Onset",1785,0.0,"D016706","C05.550.114.154.870",0,"Description: Systemic-onset rheumatoid arthritis in adults. It<br>differs from classical rheumatoid arthritis in that it is more<br>often marked by acute febrile onset, and generalized<br>lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly are more prominent.",""],["Arthritis, Reactive",3292,0.0,"D016918","C05.550.114.099.500",0,"Description: An aseptic, inflammatory arthritis developing<br>secondary to a primary extra-articular infection, most typically<br>of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or UROGENITAL SYSTEM. The<br>initiating trigger pathogens are usually SHIGELLA; SALMONELLA;<br>YERSINIA; CAMPYLOBACTER; or CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. Reactive<br>arthritis is strongly associated with HLA-B27 ANTIGEN.",""],["MELAS Syndrome",1350,0.0,"D017241","C05.651.460.620.520",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or<br>generalized seizures, episodes of transient or persistent<br>neurologic dysfunction resembling strokes, and ragged-red fibers<br>on muscle biopsy. Affected individuals tend to be normal at birth<br>through early childhood, then experience growth failure, episodic<br>vomiting, and recurrent cerebral insults resulting in visual loss<br>and hemiparesis. The cortical lesions tend to occur in the<br>parietal and occipital lobes and are not associated with vascular<br>occlusion. VASCULAR HEADACHE is frequently associated and the<br>disorder tends to be familial. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, p117)",""],["MERRF Syndrome",296,0.0,"D017243","C05.651.460.620.530",0,"Description: A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized<br>clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, progressive<br>ataxia, spasticity, and a mild myopathy. Dysarthria, optic<br>atrophy, growth retardation, deafness, and dementia may also<br>occur. This condition tends to present in childhood and to be<br>transmitted via maternal lineage. Muscle biopsies reveal ragged-<br>red fibers and respiratory chain enzymatic defects. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p986)",""],["Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying",235,0.0,"D018333","C05.500.470.690.605",0,"Description: A mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion of the jaws<br>with features of both a cyst and a solid neoplasm. It is<br>characterized microscopically by an epithelial lining showing a<br>palisaded layer of columnar basal cells, presence of ghost cell<br>keratinization, dentinoid, and calcification. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Skull Base Neoplasms",4007,0.1,"D019292","C05.116.231.754.829",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the base of the skull specifically,<br>differentiated from neoplasms of unspecified sites or bones of<br>the skull (SKULL NEOPLASMS).",""],["Acquired Hyperostosis Syndrome",580,0.0,"D020083","C05.116.099.708.025",0,"Description: Syndrome consisting of SYNOVITIS; ACNE CONGLOBATA;<br>PALMOPLANTAR PUSTULOSIS; HYPEROSTOSIS; and OSTEITIS. The most<br>common site of the disease is the upper anterior chest wall,<br>characterized by predominantly osteosclerotic lesions,<br>hyperostosis, and arthritis of the adjacent joints. The<br>association of sterile inflammatory bone lesions and neutrophilic<br>skin eruptions is indicative of this syndrome.",""],["Osteoarthritis, Knee",23635,0.3,"D020370","C05.550.114.606.500",0,"Description: Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee<br>joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block<br>normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal<br>pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress<br>concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage.<br>(Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne",6680,0.1,"D020388","C05.651.534.500.300",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an<br>inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with<br>maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers<br>undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration.<br>Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first<br>few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see<br>MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired<br>mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related<br>condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually<br>adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415)",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral",1084,0.0,"D020391","C05.651.534.500.400",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant degenerative muscle disease<br>characterized by slowly progressive weakness of the muscles of<br>the face, upper-arm, and shoulder girdle. The onset of symptoms<br>usually occurs in the first or second decade of life. Affected<br>individuals usually present with impairment of upper extremity<br>elevation. This tends to be followed by facial weakness,<br>primarily involving the orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi<br>muscles. (Neuromuscul Disord 1997;7(1):55-62; Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1420)",""],["Acro-Osteolysis",293,0.0,"D030981","C05.116.264.579.052",1,"Description: A condition with congenital and acquired forms<br>causing recurrent ulcers in the fingers and toes. The congenital<br>form exhibits autosomal dominant inheritance; the acquired form<br>is found in workers who handle VINYL CHLORIDE. When acro-<br>osteolysis is accompanied by generalized OSTEOPOROSIS and skull<br>deformations, it is called HAJDU-CHENEY SYNDROME.",""],["Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome",131,0.0,"D031845","C05.116.099.052.400",0,"Description: Rare, autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by<br>ACRO-OSTEOLYSIS, generalized OSTEOPOROSIS, and skull<br>deformations.",""],["Heel Spur",140,0.0,"D036982","C05.116.540.310.600",0,"Description: A bony outgrowth on the lower surface of the<br>CALCANEUS. Though often presenting along with plantar fasciitis<br>(FASCIITIS, PLANTAR), they are not considered causally related.",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal",288,0.0,"D039141","C05.651.534.500.450",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant hereditary disease that<br>presents in late in life and is characterized by DYSPHAGIA and<br>progressive ptosis of the eyelids. Mutations in the gene for<br>POLY(A)-BINDING PROTEIN II have been associated with<br>oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.",""],["Laron Syndrome",217,0.0,"D046150","C05.116.099.343.679",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>short stature, defective GROWTH HORMONE RECEPTOR, and failure to<br>generate INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I by GROWTH HORMONE. Laron<br>syndrome is not a form of primary pituitary dwarfism (GROWTH<br>HORMONE DEFICIENCY DWARFISM) but the result of mutation of the<br>human GHR gene on chromosome 5.",""],["Pubic Symphysis Diastasis",129,0.0,"D046548","C05.550.518.192.500",0,"Description: Separation of the PUBIC SYMPHYSIS. It is an uncommon<br>complication of CHILDBIRTH causing postpartum PAIN, but it can<br>also arise from other causes.",""],["Plagiocephaly, Nonsynostotic",376,0.0,"D049068","C05.660.207.707.624",0,"Description: A deformity of the SKULL that is not due to bone<br>fusion (SYNOSTOSIS), such as craniosynostoses, and is<br>characterized by an asymmetric skull and face. It is observed<br>with an increased frequency in INFANTS after the adoption of<br>supine sleeping recommendations to prevent SUDDEN INFANT DEATH<br>SYNDROME.",""],["Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle",1389,0.0,"D049288","C05.651.534.500.280",1,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited muscular dystrophy<br>that can be autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. There are<br>many forms (called LGMDs) involving genes encoding muscle<br>membrane proteins such as the sarcoglycan (SARCOGLYCANS) complex<br>that interacts with DYSTROPHIN. The disease is characterized by<br>progressing wasting and weakness of the proximal muscles of arms<br>and legs around the HIPS and SHOULDERS (the pelvic and shoulder<br>girdles).",""],["Distal Myopathies",450,0.0,"D049310","C05.651.534.500.074",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of genetic disorders<br>characterized by progressive MUSCULAR ATROPHY and MUSCLE WEAKNESS<br>beginning in the hands, the legs, or the feet. Most are adult-<br>onset autosomal dominant forms. Others are autosomal recessive.",""],["Mulibrey Nanism",34,0.0,"D050336","C05.116.099.343.796",0,"Description: Growth failure from birth that is due to mutations<br>in a gene (TRIM37) on chromosome 17q22-q23 which encodes a RING-<br>B-box-coiled-coil protein.",""],["Bunion, Tailor's",61,0.0,"D050489","C05.330.488.050.500",0,"Description: Abnormal swelling of the outer aspect of the fifth<br>metatarsal head affecting the fifth METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT.",""],["Trigger Finger Disorder",653,0.0,"D052582","C05.651.869.816.800",0,"Description: A painful disability in the hand affecting the<br>finger or thumb. It is caused by mechanical impingement of the<br>digital flexor tendons as they pass through a narrowed<br>retinacular pulley at the level of the metacarpal head.<br>Thickening of the sheath and fibrocartilaginous metaplasia can<br>occur, and nodules can form. (From Green's Operative Hand<br>Surgery, 5th ed, p2137-58).",""],["Rickets, Hypophosphatemic",952,0.0,"D063730","C05.116.198.816.875",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA;<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; resulting from lack of phosphate<br>reabsorption by the kidneys and possible defects in vitamin D<br>metabolism.",""],["De Quervain Disease",260,0.0,"D053684","C05.651.869.816.200",0,"Description: Stenosing tenosynovitis of the abductor pollicis<br>longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons in the first dorsal<br>wrist compartment. The presenting symptoms are usually pain and<br>tenderness at the radial styloid. The cause is almost always<br>related to OVERUSE INJURY or is associated with RHEUMATOID<br>ARTHRITIS.",""],["Osteophyte",588,0.0,"D054850","C05.116.540.310.800",0,"Description: Bony outgrowth usually found around joints and often<br>seen in conditions such as ARTHRITIS.",""],["Pallister-Hall Syndrome",43,0.0,"D054975","C05.660.585.600.374",0,"Description: A pleiotropic disorder of human development that<br>comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and postaxial<br>POLYDACTYLY; bifid EPIGLOTTIS; ANAL ATRESIA; and renal and other<br>abnormalities. This disorder is associated with FRAMESHIFT<br>MUTATIONS in the GLI3 gene which encodes the GLI3 protein, a<br>KRUPPEL-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS family member.",""],["Osteoarthritis, Spine",176,0.0,"D055013","C05.550.114.606.750",0,"Description: A degenerative joint disease involving the SPINE. It<br>is characterized by progressive deterioration of the spinal<br>articular cartilage (CARTILAGE, ARTICULAR), usually with<br>hardening of the subchondral bone and outgrowth of bone spurs<br>(OSTEOPHYTE).",""],["Osteoarthritis, Spine",176,0.0,"D055013","C05.550.114.865.399",0,"Description: A degenerative joint disease involving the SPINE. It<br>is characterized by progressive deterioration of the spinal<br>articular cartilage (CARTILAGE, ARTICULAR), usually with<br>hardening of the subchondral bone and outgrowth of bone spurs<br>(OSTEOPHYTE).",""],["Rheumatoid Vasculitis",72,0.0,"D056653","C05.550.114.154.728",0,"Description: Necrotizing VASCULITIS of small and medium size<br>vessels, developing as a complication in RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS<br>patients. It is characterized by peripheral vascular lesions,<br>cutaneous ULCERS, peripheral GANGRENE, and MONONEURITIS<br>MULTIPLEX.",""],["Weill-Marchesani Syndrome",45,0.0,"D056846","C05.116.099.343.957",0,"Description: Rare congenital disorder of connective tissue<br>characterized by brachydactyly, joint stiffness, childhood onset<br>of ocular abnormalities (e.g., microspherophakia, ECTOPIA LENTIS;<br>GLAUCOMA), and proportionate short stature. Cardiovascular<br>anomalies are occasionally seen.",""],["Kashin-Beck Disease",274,0.0,"D057767","C05.116.099.708.534",0,"Description: Disabling osteochondrodysplasia with OSTEOSCLEROSIS,<br>cone-shaped METAPHYSIS, and shortening of the DIAPHYSIS. It is<br>endemic in parts of Siberia and northern China. Mineral<br>deficiencies (e.g., selenium, iodine), fungal cereal<br>contamination, and water contamination may be contributing<br>factors in its etiology.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C05.660.585.800.428",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C05.660.906.819.428",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["Pycnodysostosis",97,0.0,"D058631","C05.116.099.708.779",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by<br>delayed closing of CRANIAL SUTURES, short stature, ACRO-<br>OSTEOLYSIS of distal phalanges, dental and MAXILLOFACIAL<br>ABNORMALITIES and an increase in bone density that results in<br>frequent BONE FRACTURES. It is associated with BONE RESORPTION<br>defect due to mutations in the lysosomal cysteine protease<br>CATHEPSIN K.",""],["Petrositis",104,0.0,"D059270","C05.116.165.495.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of PETROUS BONE.",""],["Pott Puffy Tumor",132,0.0,"D059369","C05.116.165.495.750",0,"Description: Infection of the FRONTAL BONE often as a<br>complication of FRONTAL SINUSITIS or trauma to the frontal bone<br>and skull. It is characterized by subperiosteal abscess with<br>OSTEOMYELITIS.",""],["Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses",585,0.0,"D060048","C05.116.099.708.928",0,"Description: A developmental deformity in which the metaphysis of<br>the FEMUR moves proximally and anteriorly away from FEMUR HEAD<br>(epiphysis) at the upper GROWTH PLATE. It is most common in male<br>adolescents and is associated with a greater risk of early<br>OSTEOARTHRITIS of the hip.",""],["Coxa Vara",206,0.0,"D060905","C05.116.214.500.500",0,"Description: Hip deformity in which the femoral neck leans<br>forward resulting in a decrease in the angle between femoral neck<br>and its shaft. It may be congenital often syndromic, acquired, or<br>developmental.",""],["Coxa Valga",64,0.0,"D060906","C05.116.214.750.500",0,"Description: Hip deformity in which the angle between the femoral<br>neck and its shaft is increased. It may be congenital, acquired,<br>or developmental.",""],["Dentofacial Deformities",209,0.0,"D063169","C05.660.207.540.229",0,"Description: An abnormality of the jaws or teeth affecting the<br>contour of the face. Such abnormality could be acquired or<br>congenital.",""],["Hemimegalencephaly",62,0.0,"D065705","C05.660.207.536.500",0,"Description: Rare MALFORMATIONS OF CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT, GROUP I<br>characterized by the enlargement of one side of the brain. It is<br>associated with seizures, partial paralysis, and mental<br>retardation.",""],["Porencephaly",84,0.0,"D065708","C05.660.207.620.500",0,"Description: Cortical malformations characterized by white<br>matter-lined cleft or cyst associated with ISCHEMIA and<br>hemorrhagic insults. Symptoms include delayed growth and<br>development, HYPOTONIA; SEIZURES; SPASTIC HEMIPLEGIA and<br>MACROCEPHALY; MICROCEPHALY; or HYDROCEPHALUS. Mutations in the<br>genes encoding COLLAGEN TYPE IV are associated with familial<br>types.",""],["Talipes",6451,0.1,"D000070558","C05.330.488.655",4,"Description: Deformity in which the foot is misaligned with<br>respect to the TALUS in the ANKLE JOINT. While mostly congenital,<br>as in CLUBFOOT, acquired deformities are included. Acquired<br>talipedes are often associated with other foot deformities such<br>as SYNDACTYLY and POLYDACTYLY.",""],["Talipes",6451,0.1,"D000070558","C05.330.495.681",4,"Description: Deformity in which the foot is misaligned with<br>respect to the TALUS in the ANKLE JOINT. While mostly congenital,<br>as in CLUBFOOT, acquired deformities are included. Acquired<br>talipedes are often associated with other foot deformities such<br>as SYNDACTYLY and POLYDACTYLY.",""],["Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital",9214,0.1,"D038061","C05.660.585.512",7,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the LOWER<br>EXTREMITY.",""],["Dysostoses",19823,0.3,"D004413","C05.116.099.370",18,"Description: Defective bone formation involving individual bones,<br>singly or in combination.",""],["Tarsal Coalition",83,0.0,"D000070604","C05.330.495.787",0,"Description: Congenital, complete or partial fusion of the TARSAL<br>BONES of the foot. PES PLANUS is usually a feature.",""],["Tarsal Coalition",83,0.0,"D000070604","C05.660.906.909",0,"Description: Congenital, complete or partial fusion of the TARSAL<br>BONES of the foot. PES PLANUS is usually a feature.",""],["Morton Neuroma",102,0.0,"D000070607","C05.360.500.500",0,"Description: A nerve inflammation in the foot caused by chronic<br>compression of the plantar nerve between the METATARSAL BONES.",""],["Morton Neuroma",102,0.0,"D000070607","C05.550.610.500",0,"Description: A nerve inflammation in the foot caused by chronic<br>compression of the plantar nerve between the METATARSAL BONES.",""],["Diastasis, Muscle",49,0.0,"D000070630","C05.550.518.288",0,"Description: Abnormal separation of muscles.",""],["Diastasis, Bone",147,0.0,"D000070631","C05.550.518.192",1,"Description: Abnormal separation of bones, often from a LIGAMENT.",""],["Elbow Tendinopathy",1806,0.0,"D000070639","C05.651.869.435",1,"Description: Inflammation (tendinitis) or degeneration<br>(tendinosis) of the tendons of the elbow.",""],["Chondrocalcinosis",1918,0.0,"D002805","C05.550.114.264",1,"Description: Presence of CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE in the connective<br>tissues such as the cartilaginous structures of joints. When<br>accompanied by GOUT-like symptoms, it is referred to as<br>pseudogout.",""],["Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy",78,0.0,"D000070656","C05.550.354.250",0,"Description: Rapidly destructive shoulder joint and bone disease<br>found mainly in elderly, and predominantly in women. It is<br>characterized by SHOULDER PAIN; JOINT INSTABILITY; and the<br>presence of crystalline CALCIUM PHOSPHATES in the SYNOVIAL FLUID.<br>It is associated with ROTATOR CUFF INJURIES.",""],["Enthesopathy",245,0.0,"D000070676","C05.651.869.653",0,"Description: A disorder occurring at the site of insertion of<br>TENDONS or LIGAMENTS into bones or JOINT CAPSULES.",""],["Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath",1388,0.0,"D000070779","C05.550.870.445",1,"Description: A tumor arising in the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE; SYNOVIAL<br>BURSA; or TENDON sheath. It is characterized by OSTEOCLAST-like<br>GIANT CELLS; FOAM CELLS; pigmented HEMOSIDERIN-laden MACROPHAGES<br>and inflammatory infiltrate. It is classified either as diffuse<br>or localized tenosynovitis.",""],["Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath",1388,0.0,"D000070779","C05.651.869.762",1,"Description: A tumor arising in the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE; SYNOVIAL<br>BURSA; or TENDON sheath. It is characterized by OSTEOCLAST-like<br>GIANT CELLS; FOAM CELLS; pigmented HEMOSIDERIN-laden MACROPHAGES<br>and inflammatory infiltrate. It is classified either as diffuse<br>or localized tenosynovitis.",""],["Bunion",133,0.0,"D000071378","C05.330.488.050",1,"Description: Abnormal swelling of the inner aspect of the first<br>metatarsal head affecting the first METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT.",""],["Fibromatosis, Plantar",37,0.0,"D000071380","C05.651.197.369",0,"Description: A fibromatosis of the plantar fascia characterized<br>by thickening of the fibrous bands on the plantar aponeurosis in<br>the sole of the foot and toes.",""],["Fracture Dislocation",2156,0.0,"D000072039","C05.550.518.336",3,"Description: Fracture of a bone near an articulation with<br>concomitant dislocation of that joint.",""],["Osteochondrodysplasias",32483,0.5,"D010009","C05.116.099.708",29,"Description: Abnormal development of cartilage and bone.",""],["Hip Dislocation",6426,0.1,"D006617","C05.550.518.384",1,"Description: Displacement of the femur bone from its normal<br>position at the HIP JOINT.",""],["Muscular Dystrophies",28419,0.4,"D009136","C05.651.534.500",10,"Description: A heterogeneous group of inherited MYOPATHIES,<br>characterized by wasting and weakness of the SKELETAL MUSCLE.<br>They are categorized by the sites of MUSCLE WEAKNESS; AGE OF<br>ONSET; and INHERITANCE PATTERNS.",""],["Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome",34,0.0,"D000083182","C05.651.180.180",0,"Description: Compartment syndrome characterized by pain in muscle<br>groups with elevated compartment pressures due most often<br>exercise training in athletes. Most often encountered chronic<br>exertional compartment syndrome is in the anterior or deep<br>posterior compartments of the lower leg in athletes in training<br>similar to POPLITEAL ARTERY ENTRAPMENT SYNDROME.",""],["Spondylitis",40027,0.6,"D013166","C05.116.900.853",10,"Description: Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both<br>arthritic and non-arthritic conditions.",""],["Axial Spondyloarthritis",14328,0.2,"D000089183","C05.550.069.340",2,"Description: A spectrum of chronic inflammatory conditions<br>affecting the axial joints (e.g., SPINE), characterized by pain,<br>stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS), reduced mobility and<br>inflammation. When joint inflammation and damage are visible on<br>regular X-rays it is called ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; otherwise it<br>is referred to as NON-RADIOGRAPHIC AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS.<br>HLA-B27 ANTIGEN is a biomarker and IL-23/IL-17 pathway a<br>potential therapeutic target for axial and other related<br>spondyloarthritis.",""],["Spondylarthritis",29544,0.4,"D025241","C05.550.114.865",7,"Description: Inflammation of the joints of the SPINE, the<br>intervertebral articulations.",""],["Dwarfism",14254,0.2,"D004392","C05.116.099.343",8,"Description: A genetic or pathological condition that is<br>characterized by short stature and undersize. Abnormal skeletal<br>growth usually results in an adult who is significantly below the<br>average height.",""],["Craniosynostoses",6904,0.1,"D003398","C05.660.207.240",1,"Description: Premature closure of one or more CRANIAL SUTURES. It<br>often results in plagiocephaly. Craniosynostoses that involve<br>multiple sutures are sometimes associated with congenital<br>syndromes such as ACROCEPHALOSYNDACTYLIA; and CRANIOFACIAL<br>DYSOSTOSIS.",""],["Syndactyly",3738,0.1,"D013576","C05.660.585.800",3,"Description: A congenital anomaly of the hand or foot, marked by<br>the webbing between adjacent fingers or toes. Syndactylies are<br>classified as complete or incomplete by the degree of joining.<br>Syndactylies can also be simple or complex. Simple syndactyly<br>indicates joining of only skin or soft tissue; complex syndactyly<br>marks joining of bony elements.",""],["Craniosynostoses",6904,0.1,"D003398","C05.660.906.364",1,"Description: Premature closure of one or more CRANIAL SUTURES. It<br>often results in plagiocephaly. Craniosynostoses that involve<br>multiple sutures are sometimes associated with congenital<br>syndromes such as ACROCEPHALOSYNDACTYLIA; and CRANIOFACIAL<br>DYSOSTOSIS.",""],["Syndactyly",3738,0.1,"D013576","C05.660.906.819",3,"Description: A congenital anomaly of the hand or foot, marked by<br>the webbing between adjacent fingers or toes. Syndactylies are<br>classified as complete or incomplete by the degree of joining.<br>Syndactylies can also be simple or complex. Simple syndactyly<br>indicates joining of only skin or soft tissue; complex syndactyly<br>marks joining of bony elements.",""],["Acromegaly",7652,0.1,"D000172","C05.116.132.082",0,"Description: A condition caused by prolonged exposure to<br>excessive HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE in adults. It is characterized by<br>bony enlargement of the FACE; lower jaw (PROGNATHISM); hands;<br>FEET; HEAD; and THORAX. The most common etiology is a GROWTH<br>HORMONE-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1992, Ch36, pp79-80)",""],["Ainhum",213,0.0,"D000387","C05.116.264.143",0,"Description: Spontaneous autoamputation of the fourth or fifth<br>toe.",""],["Anterior Compartment Syndrome",531,0.0,"D000868","C05.651.180.063",0,"Description: Rapid swelling, increased tension, pain, and<br>ischemic necrosis of the muscles of the anterior tibial<br>compartment of the leg, often following excessive PHYSICAL<br>EXERTION.",""],["Arthritis, Experimental",9261,0.1,"D001169","C05.550.114.015",0,"Description: ARTHRITIS that is induced in experimental animals.<br>Immunological methods and infectious agents can be used to<br>develop experimental arthritis models. These methods include<br>injections of stimulators of the immune response, such as an<br>adjuvant (ADJUVANTS, IMMUNOLOGIC) or COLLAGEN.",""],["Arthritis, Infectious",13696,0.2,"D001170","C05.550.114.099",1,"Description: Arthritis caused by BACTERIA; RICKETTSIA;<br>MYCOPLASMA; VIRUSES; FUNGI; or PARASITES.",""],["Arthritis, Juvenile",10866,0.2,"D001171","C05.550.114.122",0,"Description: Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of<br>age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile<br>idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for<br>chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile<br>arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive)<br>clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered<br>its childhood equivalent.",""],["Arthritis, Rheumatoid",112114,1.6,"D001172","C05.550.114.154",6,"Description: A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints,<br>marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and<br>articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the<br>collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and<br>rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but<br>autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.",""],["Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome",1276,0.0,"D001478","C05.116.099.105",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal<br>cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal<br>defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated<br>and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and<br>cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal<br>dominant.",""],["Odontogenic Cysts",6451,0.1,"D009807","C05.500.470.690",5,"Description: Cysts found in the jaws and arising from epithelium<br>involved in tooth formation. They include follicular cysts (e.g.,<br>primordial cyst, dentigerous cyst, multilocular cyst), lateral<br>periodontal cysts, and radicular cysts. They may become<br>keratinized (odontogenic keratocysts). Follicular cysts may give<br>rise to ameloblastomas and, in rare cases, undergo malignant<br>transformation.",""],["Caplan Syndrome",147,0.0,"D002205","C05.799.114.219",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS associated with a specific form of<br>pneumoconiosis, often in coal miners and asbestos workers.",""],["Chondrocalcinosis",1840,0.0,"D002805","C05.550.354.125",0,"Description: Presence of CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE in the connective<br>tissues such as the cartilaginous structures of joints. When<br>accompanied by GOUT-like symptoms, it is referred to as<br>pseudogout.",""],["Cleft Palate",18633,0.3,"D002972","C05.500.460.185",0,"Description: Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate,<br>due to faulty fusion.",""],["Maxillofacial Abnormalities",26213,0.4,"D019767","C05.660.207.540",7,"Description: Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or<br>other abnormalities of the maxilla and face or facial bones.",""],["Cleidocranial Dysplasia",918,0.0,"D002973","C05.660.207.207",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant syndrome in which there is<br>delayed closing of the CRANIAL FONTANELLES; complete or partial<br>absence of the collarbones (CLAVICLES); wide PUBIC SYMPHYSIS;<br>short middle phalanges of the fifth fingers; and dental and<br>vertebral anomalies.",""],["Craniofacial Dysostosis",5157,0.1,"D003394","C05.660.207.231",4,"Description: Autosomal dominant CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS with shallow<br>ORBITS; EXOPHTHALMOS; and maxillary hypoplasia.",""],["Congenital Hypothyroidism",3928,0.1,"D003409","C05.116.132.256",0,"Description: A condition in infancy or early childhood due to an<br>in-utero deficiency of THYROID HORMONES that can be caused by<br>genetic or environmental factors, such as thyroid dysgenesis or<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM in infants of mothers treated with THIOURACIL<br>during pregnancy. Endemic cretinism is the result of iodine<br>deficiency. Clinical symptoms include severe MENTAL RETARDATION,<br>impaired skeletal development, short stature, and MYXEDEMA.",""],["Bone Demineralization, Pathologic",363,0.0,"D018488","C05.116.198.247",1,"Description: Decrease, loss, or removal of the mineral<br>constituents of bones. Temporary loss of bone mineral content is<br>especially associated with space flight, weightlessness, and<br>extended immobilization. OSTEOPOROSIS is permanent, includes<br>reduction of total bone mass, and is associated with increased<br>rate of fractures. CALCIFICATION, PHYSIOLOGIC is the process of<br>bone remineralizing. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed;<br>Nicogossian, Space Physiology and Medicine, 2d ed, pp327-33)",""],["Polymyositis",10207,0.1,"D017285","C05.651.594.819",1,"Description: Diseases characterized by inflammation involving<br>multiple muscles. This may occur as an acute or chronic condition<br>associated with medication toxicity (DRUG TOXICITY); CONNECTIVE<br>TISSUE DISEASES; infections; malignant NEOPLASMS; and other<br>disorders. The term polymyositis is frequently used to refer to a<br>specific clinical entity characterized by subacute or slowly<br>progressing symmetrical weakness primarily affecting the proximal<br>limb and trunk muscles. The illness may occur at any age, but is<br>most frequent in the fourth to sixth decade of life. Weakness of<br>pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, interstitial lung disease, and<br>inflammation of the myocardium may also occur. Muscle biopsy<br>reveals widespread destruction of segments of muscle fibers and<br>an inflammatory cellular response. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1404-9)",""],["Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal",929,0.0,"D004057","C05.116.540.410",0,"Description: A disease of elderly men characterized by large<br>osteophytes that bridge vertebrae and ossification of ligaments<br>and tendon insertions.",""],["Spinal Osteophytosis",3480,0.1,"D013128","C05.116.900.815",1,"Description: Outgrowth of immature bony processes or bone spurs<br>(OSTEOPHYTE) from the VERTEBRAE, reflecting the presence of<br>degenerative disease and calcification. It commonly occurs in<br>cervical and lumbar SPONDYLOSIS.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.0,"D058165","C05.660.207.103",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["Dupuytren Contracture",2816,0.0,"D004387","C05.651.197.270",0,"Description: A fibromatosis of the palmar fascia characterized by<br>thickening and contracture of the fibrous bands on the palmar<br>surfaces of the hand and fingers. It arises most commonly in men<br>between the ages of 30 and 50.",""],["Dwarfism, Pituitary",1903,0.0,"D004393","C05.116.132.358",0,"Description: A form of dwarfism caused by complete or partial<br>GROWTH HORMONE deficiency, resulting from either the lack of<br>GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR from the HYPOTHALAMUS or from the<br>mutations in the growth hormone gene (GH1) in the PITUITARY<br>GLAND. It is also known as Type I pituitary dwarfism. Human<br>hypophysial dwarf is caused by a deficiency of HUMAN GROWTH<br>HORMONE during development.",""],["Ectromelia",1464,0.0,"D004480","C05.660.585.350",0,"Description: Gross hypo- or aplasia of one or more long bones of<br>one or more limbs. The concept includes amelia, hemimelia,<br>phocomelia, and sirenomelia.",""],["Exostoses",3672,0.1,"D005096","C05.116.540.310",3,"Description: Benign hypertrophy that projects outward from the<br>surface of bone, often containing a cartilaginous component.",""],["Felty Syndrome",620,0.0,"D005258","C05.799.114.389",0,"Description: A rare complication of rheumatoid arthritis with<br>autoimmune NEUTROPENIA; and SPLENOMEGALY.",""],["Femoral Neoplasms",3071,0.0,"D005266","C05.116.231.343",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the FEMUR.",""],["Femur Head Necrosis",7791,0.1,"D005271","C05.116.852.175",1,"Description: Aseptic or avascular necrosis of the femoral head.<br>The major types are idiopathic (primary), as a complication of<br>fractures or dislocations, and LEGG-CALVE-PERTHES DISEASE.",""],["Funnel Chest",2551,0.0,"D005660","C05.116.099.386",0,"Description: A developmental anomaly in which the lower sternum<br>is posteriorly dislocated and concavely deformed, resulting in a<br>funnel-shaped thorax.",""],["Gigantism",1190,0.0,"D005877","C05.116.099.492",0,"Description: The condition of accelerated and excessive GROWTH in<br>children or adolescents who are exposed to excess HUMAN GROWTH<br>HORMONE before the closure of EPIPHYSES. It is usually caused by<br>somatotroph hyperplasia or a GROWTH HORMONE-SECRETING PITUITARY<br>ADENOMA. These patients are of abnormally tall stature, more than<br>3 standard deviations above normal mean height for age.",""],["Gigantism",1190,0.0,"D005877","C05.116.132.479",0,"Description: The condition of accelerated and excessive GROWTH in<br>children or adolescents who are exposed to excess HUMAN GROWTH<br>HORMONE before the closure of EPIPHYSES. It is usually caused by<br>somatotroph hyperplasia or a GROWTH HORMONE-SECRETING PITUITARY<br>ADENOMA. These patients are of abnormally tall stature, more than<br>3 standard deviations above normal mean height for age.",""],["Gout",12275,0.2,"D006073","C05.550.114.423",1,"Description: Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute<br>arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and<br>around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi.",""],["Gout",12275,0.2,"D006073","C05.550.354.500",1,"Description: Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute<br>arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and<br>around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi.",""],["Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital",3439,0.0,"D038062","C05.660.585.988",1,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the UPPER<br>EXTREMITY.",""],["Hip Contracture",177,0.0,"D006616","C05.550.323.468",0,"Description: Permanent fixation of the hip in primary positions,<br>with limited passive or active motion at the hip joint.<br>Locomotion is difficult and pain is sometimes present when the<br>hip is in motion. It may be caused by trauma, infection, or<br>poliomyelitis. (From Current Medical Information & Technology,<br>5th ed)",""],["Hip Contracture",177,0.0,"D006616","C05.651.197.468",0,"Description: Permanent fixation of the hip in primary positions,<br>with limited passive or active motion at the hip joint.<br>Locomotion is difficult and pain is sometimes present when the<br>hip is in motion. It may be caused by trauma, infection, or<br>poliomyelitis. (From Current Medical Information & Technology,<br>5th ed)",""],["Hip Dislocation, Congenital",7541,0.1,"D006618","C05.660.297.500",0,"Description: Congenital dislocation of the hip generally includes<br>subluxation of the femoral head, acetabular dysplasia, and<br>complete dislocation of the femoral head from the true<br>acetabulum. This condition occurs in approximately 1 in 1000 live<br>births and is more common in females than in males.",""],["Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna",586,0.0,"D006957","C05.116.540.420",0,"Description: Thickening of the inner table of the frontal bone,<br>which may be associated with hypertrichosis and obesity. It most<br>commonly affects women near menopause.",""],["Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital",653,0.0,"D006958","C05.116.540.400",0,"Description: A disease of young infants characterized by soft<br>tissue swellings over the affected bones, fever, and<br>irritability, and marked by periods of remission and<br>exacerbation. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Intervertebral Disc Displacement",17022,0.2,"D007405","C05.116.900.307",0,"Description: An INTERVERTEBRAL DISC in which the NUCLEUS PULPOSUS<br>has protruded through surrounding ANNULUS FIBROSUS. This occurs<br>most frequently in the lower lumbar region.",""],["Skull Neoplasms",47665,0.7,"D012888","C05.116.231.754",7,"Description: Neoplasms of the bony part of the skull.",""],["Jaw, Edentulous, Partially",2073,0.0,"D007576","C05.500.480.450",0,"Description: Absence of teeth from a portion of the mandible<br>and/or maxilla.",""],["Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External",1192,0.0,"D017246","C05.651.460.700",1,"Description: A mitochondrial myopathy characterized by slowly<br>progressive paralysis of the levator palpebrae, orbicularis<br>oculi, and extraocular muscles. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are<br>found on muscle biopsy. Familial and sporadic forms may occur.<br>Disease onset is usually in the first or second decade of life,<br>and the illness slowly progresses until usually all ocular<br>motility is lost. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1422)",""],["Spinal Curvatures",28058,0.4,"D013121","C05.116.900.800",4,"Description: Deformities of the SPINE characterized by abnormal<br>bending or flexure in the vertebral column. They may be bending<br>forward (KYPHOSIS), backward (LORDOSIS), or sideway (SCOLIOSIS).",""],["Leg Length Inequality",2202,0.0,"D007870","C05.116.099.655",0,"Description: A condition in which one of a pair of legs fails to<br>grow as long as the other, which could result from injury or<br>surgery.",""],["Mandibular Neoplasms",8558,0.1,"D008339","C05.500.499.583",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MANDIBLE.",""],["Mandibular Neoplasms",8558,0.1,"D008339","C05.500.607.442",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MANDIBLE.",""],["Marfan Syndrome",5579,0.1,"D008382","C05.116.099.674",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE<br>with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton.<br>Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE,<br>dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features<br>include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long<br>limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome<br>(type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding<br>FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils<br>of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II<br>TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome<br>type 2.",""],["Osteomyelitis",20799,0.3,"D010019","C05.116.165.495",3,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the bone as a result of infection.<br>It may be caused by a variety of infectious agents, especially<br>pyogenic (PUS - producing) BACTERIA.",""],["Maxillary Neoplasms",4923,0.1,"D008441","C05.500.499.601",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.",""],["Maxillary Neoplasms",4923,0.1,"D008441","C05.500.693.528",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.",""],["Microcephaly",4063,0.1,"D008831","C05.660.207.620",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which the CEREBRUM is<br>underdeveloped, the fontanels close prematurely, and, as a<br>result, the head is small. (Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd<br>ed.)",""],["Micrognathism",905,0.0,"D008844","C05.500.460.457",0,"Description: Abnormally small jaw.",""],["Mucolipidoses",1037,0.0,"D009081","C05.116.198.371",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic diseases<br>characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and/or glycolipids in<br>visceral and mesenchymal cells. Abnormal amounts of sphingolipids<br>or glycolipids are present in neural tissue. INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and skeletal changes, most notably dysostosis<br>multiplex, occur frequently. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, pp36-7)",""],["Myoglobinuria",903,0.0,"D009212","C05.651.807.628",0,"Description: The presence of MYOGLOBIN in URINE usually as a<br>result of rhabdomyolysis.",""],["Myositis Ossificans",1963,0.0,"D009221","C05.651.594.638",0,"Description: A disease characterized by bony deposits or the<br>ossification of muscle tissue.",""],["Myotonic Dystrophy",5442,0.1,"D009223","C05.651.662.750",0,"Description: Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE<br>MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies.<br>Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal<br>TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of<br>DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA<br>REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is<br>associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2.",""],["Myotonia Congenita",912,0.0,"D009224","C05.651.662.500",0,"Description: Inherited myotonic disorders with early childhood<br>onset MYOTONIA. Muscular hypertrophy is common and myotonia may<br>impair ambulation and other movements. It is classified as<br>Thomsen (autosomal dominant) or Becker (autosomal recessive)<br>generalized myotonia mainly based on the inheritance pattern.<br>Becker type is also clinically more severe. An autosomal dominant<br>variant with milder symptoms and later onset is known as myotonia<br>levior. Mutations in the voltage-dependent skeletal muscle<br>chloride channel are associated with the disorders.",""],["Nonodontogenic Cysts",410,0.0,"D009631","C05.500.470.660",0,"Description: Cysts formed from epithelial inclusions in the lines<br>of fusion of the embryonic processes which form the jaws. They<br>include nasopalatine or incisive canal cyst, incisive papilla<br>cyst, globulomaxillary cyst, median palatal cyst, median alveolar<br>cyst, median mandibular cyst, and nasoalveolar cyst.",""],["Noonan Syndrome",1718,0.0,"D009634","C05.660.207.690",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous, multifaceted disorder<br>characterized by short stature, webbed neck, ptosis, skeletal<br>malformations, hypertelorism, hormonal imbalance, CRYPTORCHIDISM,<br>multiple cardiac abnormalities (most commonly including PULMONARY<br>VALVE STENOSIS), and some degree of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. The<br>phenotype bears similarities to that of TURNER SYNDROME that<br>occurs only in females and has its basis in a 45, X karyotype<br>abnormality. Noonan syndrome occurs in both males and females<br>with a normal karyotype (46,XX and 46,XY). Mutations in a several<br>genes (PTPN11, KRAS, SOS1, NF1 and RAF1) have been associated the<br>NS phenotype. Mutations in PTPN11 are the most common. LEOPARD<br>SYNDROME, a disorder that has clinical features overlapping those<br>of Noonan Syndrome, is also due to mutations in PTPN11. In<br>addition, there is overlap with the syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome due to mutations in NF1.",""],["Orofaciodigital Syndromes",428,0.0,"D009958","C05.660.207.700",0,"Description: Two syndromes of oral, facial, and digital<br>malformations. Type I (Papillon-Leage and Psaume syndrome,<br>Gorlin-Psaume syndrome) is inherited as an X-linked dominant<br>trait and is found only in females and XXY males. Type II (Mohr<br>syndrome) is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica",1335,0.0,"D010002","C05.116.132.684",0,"Description: A fibrous degeneration, cyst formation, and the<br>presence of fibrous nodules in bone, usually due to<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM.",""],["Osteoarthritis",64649,0.9,"D010003","C05.550.114.606",3,"Description: A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most<br>common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The<br>disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from<br>biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting<br>articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called<br>osteoarthrosis deformans.",""],["Osteochondritis Dissecans",1647,0.0,"D010008","C05.116.791.668",0,"Description: A type of osteochondritis in which articular<br>cartilage and associated bone becomes partially or totally<br>detached to form joint loose bodies. Affects mainly the knee,<br>ankle, and elbow joints.",""],["Osteolysis",5204,0.1,"D010014","C05.116.264.579",3,"Description: Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the<br>removal or loss of calcium.",""],["Osteolysis, Essential",850,0.0,"D010015","C05.116.099.736",0,"Description: Syndromes of bone destruction where the cause is not<br>obvious such as neoplasia, infection, or trauma. The destruction<br>follows various patterns: massive (Gorham disease), multicentric<br>(HAJDU-CHENEY SYNDROME), or carpal/tarsal.",""],["Rickets",12104,0.2,"D012279","C05.116.198.816",4,"Description: Disorders caused by interruption of BONE<br>MINERALIZATION manifesting as OSTEOMALACIA in adults and<br>characteristic deformities in infancy and childhood due to<br>disturbances in normal BONE FORMATION. The mineralization process<br>may be interrupted by disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or<br>CALCIUM homeostasis, resulting from dietary deficiencies, or<br>acquired, or inherited metabolic, or hormonal disturbances.",""],["Osteoporosis",51099,0.7,"D010024","C05.116.198.579",1,"Description: Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the<br>composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis<br>can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis<br>(OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile<br>osteoporosis.",""],["Palatal Neoplasms",2200,0.0,"D010157","C05.500.499.692",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PALATE, including those of<br>the hard palate, soft palate and UVULA.",""],["Periarthritis",1238,0.0,"D010489","C05.550.114.678",0,"Description: Inflammation of the tissues around a joint.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Periarthritis",1238,0.0,"D010489","C05.550.251.595",0,"Description: Inflammation of the tissues around a joint.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Periostitis",799,0.0,"D010522","C05.116.165.595",0,"Description: Inflammation of the periosteum. The condition is<br>generally chronic, and is marked by tenderness and swelling of<br>the bone and an aching pain. Acute periostitis is due to<br>infection, is characterized by diffuse suppuration, severe pain,<br>and constitutional symptoms, and usually results in necrosis.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Pierre Robin Syndrome",1344,0.0,"D010855","C05.500.460.606",0,"Description: Congenital malformation characterized by<br>MICROGNATHIA or RETROGNATHIA; GLOSSOPTOSIS and CLEFT PALATE. The<br>mandibular abnormalities often result in difficulties in sucking<br>and swallowing. The syndrome may be isolated or associated with<br>other syndromes (e.g., ANDERSEN SYNDROME; CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA).<br>Developmental mis-expression of SOX9 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR gene on<br>chromosome 17q and its surrounding region is associated with the<br>syndrome.",""],["Platybasia",473,0.0,"D010985","C05.116.099.742",0,"Description: A developmental deformity of the occipital bone and<br>upper end of the cervical spine, in which the latter appears to<br>have pushed the floor of the occipital bone upward. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Platybasia",473,0.0,"D010985","C05.116.900.540",0,"Description: A developmental deformity of the occipital bone and<br>upper end of the cervical spine, in which the latter appears to<br>have pushed the floor of the occipital bone upward. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Platybasia",473,0.0,"D010985","C05.660.207.720",0,"Description: A developmental deformity of the occipital bone and<br>upper end of the cervical spine, in which the latter appears to<br>have pushed the floor of the occipital bone upward. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Prognathism",2092,0.0,"D011378","C05.500.460.655",0,"Description: A condition marked by abnormal protrusion of the<br>mandible. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Prognathism",2092,0.0,"D011378","C05.500.607.655",0,"Description: A condition marked by abnormal protrusion of the<br>mandible. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Pseudohypoparathyroidism",1610,0.0,"D011547","C05.116.198.709",1,"Description: A hereditary syndrome clinically similar to<br>HYPOPARATHYROIDISM. It is characterized by HYPOCALCEMIA;<br>HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA; and associated skeletal development impairment<br>and caused by failure of response to PARATHYROID HORMONE rather<br>than deficiencies. A severe form with resistance to multiple<br>hormones is referred to as Type 1a and is associated with<br>maternal mutant allele of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G<br>PROTEIN.",""],["Rheumatic Fever",9875,0.1,"D012213","C05.550.114.843",2,"Description: A febrile disease occurring as a delayed sequela of<br>infections with STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES. It is characterized by<br>multiple focal inflammatory lesions of the connective tissue<br>structures, such as the heart, blood vessels, and joints<br>(POLYARTHRITIS) and brain, and by the presence of ASCHOFF BODIES<br>in the myocardium and skin.",""],["Rheumatic Nodule",158,0.0,"D012215","C05.799.825.566",0,"Description: A small round or oval, mostly subcutaneous nodule<br>made up chiefly of a mass of Aschoff bodies and seen in cases of<br>rheumatic fever. It is differentiated from the RHEUMATOID NODULE<br>which appears in rheumatoid arthritis, most frequently over bony<br>prominences. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Rheumatoid Nodule",694,0.0,"D012218","C05.799.114.683",0,"Description: Subcutaneous nodules seen in 20-30% of rheumatoid<br>arthritis patients. They may arise anywhere on the body, but are<br>most frequently found over the bony prominences. The nodules are<br>characterized histologically by dense areas of fibrinoid necrosis<br>with basophilic streaks and granules, surrounded by a palisade of<br>cells, mainly fibroblasts and histiocytes.",""],["Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome",518,0.0,"D012415","C05.660.207.850",0,"Description: A chromosomal disorder characterized by MENTAL<br>RETARDATION, broad thumbs, webbing of fingers and toes, beaked<br>nose, short upper lip, pouting lower lip, agenesis of corpus<br>callosum, large foramen magnum, keloid formation, pulmonary<br>stenosis, vertebral anomalies, chest wall anomalies, sleep apnea,<br>and megacolon. The disease has an autosomal dominant pattern of<br>inheritance and is associated with deletions of the short arm of<br>chromosome 16 (16p13.3).",""],["Spinal Osteochondrosis",628,0.0,"D055035","C05.116.821.500",1,"Description: A bone disorder involving ossification centers<br>(EPIPHYSES) of the VERTEBRAL COLUMN.",""],["Spinal Osteochondrosis",628,0.0,"D055035","C05.116.900.808",1,"Description: A bone disorder involving ossification centers<br>(EPIPHYSES) of the VERTEBRAL COLUMN.",""],["Polydactyly",1467,0.0,"D017689","C05.660.585.600",2,"Description: A congenital anomaly of the hand or foot, marked by<br>the presence of supernumerary digits.",""],["Shoulder Dislocation",5837,0.1,"D012783","C05.550.518.750",0,"Description: Displacement of the HUMERUS from the SCAPULA.",""],["Sjogren's Syndrome",12815,0.2,"D012859","C05.799.114.774",0,"Description: Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which<br>the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction<br>by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production<br>of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca<br>syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and<br>XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the<br>presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid<br>arthritis.",""],["Spinal Neoplasms",14590,0.2,"D013125","C05.116.231.828",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SPINE.",""],["Spinal Neoplasms",14590,0.2,"D013125","C05.116.900.801",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SPINE.",""],["Spinal Stenosis",6018,0.1,"D013130","C05.116.900.825",0,"Description: Narrowing of the spinal canal.",""],["Spondylitis",6287,0.1,"D013166","C05.116.165.762",1,"Description: Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both<br>arthritic and non-arthritic conditions.",""],["Spondylosis",7962,0.1,"D055009","C05.116.900.938",2,"Description: A degenerative spinal disease that can involve any<br>part of the VERTEBRA, the INTERVERTEBRAL DISK, and the<br>surrounding soft tissue.",""],["Craniomandibular Disorders",17170,0.2,"D017271","C05.500.607.221",2,"Description: Diseases or disorders of the muscles of the head and<br>neck, with special reference to the masticatory muscles. The most<br>notable examples are TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS and<br>TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME.",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Disorders",16865,0.2,"D013705","C05.651.243.897",1,"Description: A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and<br>functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint.<br>Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular<br>diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the<br>symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred<br>pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional<br>diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where<br>tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or<br>nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities,<br>trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From<br>Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome",3920,0.1,"D013706","C05.550.905.905",0,"Description: A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle<br>tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration<br>of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and<br>manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the<br>temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain<br>but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors.",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome",3920,0.1,"D013706","C05.651.550.905",0,"Description: A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle<br>tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration<br>of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and<br>manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the<br>temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain<br>but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors.",""],["Tenosynovitis",2401,0.0,"D013717","C05.651.869.870",0,"Description: Inflammation of the synovial lining of a tendon<br>sheath. Causes include trauma, tendon stress, bacterial disease<br>(gonorrhea, tuberculosis), rheumatic disease, and gout. Common<br>sites are the hand, wrist, shoulder capsule, hip capsule,<br>hamstring muscles, and Achilles tendon. The tendon sheaths become<br>inflamed and painful, and accumulate fluid. Joint mobility is<br>usually reduced.",""],["Thanatophoric Dysplasia",309,0.0,"D013796","C05.660.585.984",0,"Description: A severe form of neonatal dwarfism with very short<br>limbs. All cases have died at birth or later in the neonatal<br>period.",""],["Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular",9853,0.1,"D014394","C05.116.165.886",1,"Description: Tuberculosis of the bones or joints.",""],["Wissler's Syndrome",170,0.0,"D014924","C05.799.825.823",0,"Description: A rheumatic syndrome of possibly allergic origin,<br>usually affecting children and adolescents, and characterized by<br>high fever, exanthema, arthralgia, leukocytosis, and increased<br>sedimentation rate.",""],["Osteoarthritis, Hip",8009,0.1,"D015207","C05.799.613.400",0,"Description: Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the hip<br>joint which usually appears in late middle or old age. It is<br>characterized by growth or maturational disturbances in the<br>femoral neck and head, as well as acetabular dysplasia. A<br>dominant symptom is pain on weight-bearing or motion.",""],["Arthritis, Gouty",1487,0.0,"D015210","C05.799.414.410",0,"Description: Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result<br>of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma,<br>infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually<br>monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute<br>and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of<br>MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints.",""],["Hyperostosis, Sternocostoclavicular",120,0.0,"D015218","C05.116.540.600",0,"Description: A rare, benign rheumatologic disorder or syndrome<br>characterized by hyperostosis and soft tissue ossification<br>between the clavicles and the anterior part of the upper ribs. It<br>is often associated with the dermatologic disorder palmoplantar<br>pustulosis, particularly in Japan. Careful diagnosis is required<br>to distinguish it from psoriatic arthritis, OSTEITIS DEFORMANS,<br>and other diseases. Spondylitis of pustulosis palmaris et<br>plantaris is one of the possible causes; also, evidence suggests<br>one origin may be bone infection. Bone imaging is especially<br>useful for diagnosis. It was originally described by Sonozaki in<br>1974.",""],["Arthritis, Psoriatic",7007,0.1,"D015535","C05.550.114.145",0,"Description: A type of inflammatory arthritis associated with<br>PSORIASIS, often involving the axial joints and the peripheral<br>terminal interphalangeal joints. It is characterized by the<br>presence of HLA-B27-associated SPONDYLARTHROPATHY, and the<br>absence of rheumatoid factor.",""],["Holoprosencephaly",1178,0.0,"D016142","C05.660.207.410",0,"Description: Anterior midline brain, cranial, and facial<br>malformations resulting from the failure of the embryonic<br>prosencephalon to undergo segmentation and cleavage. Alobar<br>prosencephaly is the most severe form and features anophthalmia;<br>cyclopia; severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT<br>PALATE; SEIZURES; and microcephaly. Semilobar holoprosencepaly is<br>characterized by hypotelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma, nasal<br>malformations, and variable degrees of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.<br>Lobar holoprosencephaly is associated with mild (or absent)<br>facial malformations and intellectual abilities that range from<br>mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY to normal. Holoprosencephaly is<br>associated with CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES.",""],["Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome",914,0.0,"D016262","C05.651.534.750",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular<br>symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability<br>has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic<br>poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness<br>and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and<br>muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint<br>pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow<br>progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci<br>1995 May 25;753:68-80)",""],["Alveolar Bone Loss",6535,0.1,"D016301","C05.116.264.150",0,"Description: Resorption or wasting of the tooth-supporting bone<br>(ALVEOLAR PROCESS) in the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE.",""],["Still's Disease, Adult-Onset",1785,0.0,"D016706","C05.799.114.870",0,"Description: Systemic-onset rheumatoid arthritis in adults. It<br>differs from classical rheumatoid arthritis in that it is more<br>often marked by acute febrile onset, and generalized<br>lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly are more prominent.",""],["Proteus Syndrome",401,0.0,"D016715","C05.116.099.750",0,"Description: Hamartoneoplastic malformation syndrome of uncertain<br>etiology characterized by partial GIGANTISM of the hands and/or<br>feet, asymmetry of the limbs, plantar hyperplasia, hemangiomas<br>(HEMANGIOMA), lipomas (LIPOMA), lymphangiomas (LYMPHANGIOMA),<br>epidermal NEVI; MACROCEPHALY; cranial HYPEROSTOSIS, and long-bone<br>overgrowth. Joseph Merrick, the so-called \"elephant man\",<br>apparently suffered from Proteus syndrome and not<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, a disorder with similar characteristics.",""],["Proteus Syndrome",401,0.0,"D016715","C05.660.585.620",0,"Description: Hamartoneoplastic malformation syndrome of uncertain<br>etiology characterized by partial GIGANTISM of the hands and/or<br>feet, asymmetry of the limbs, plantar hyperplasia, hemangiomas<br>(HEMANGIOMA), lipomas (LIPOMA), lymphangiomas (LYMPHANGIOMA),<br>epidermal NEVI; MACROCEPHALY; cranial HYPEROSTOSIS, and long-bone<br>overgrowth. Joseph Merrick, the so-called \"elephant man\",<br>apparently suffered from Proteus syndrome and not<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, a disorder with similar characteristics.",""],["Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies",2715,0.0,"D017237","C05.651.460.620",2,"Description: A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by<br>alterations of mitochondrial metabolism that result in muscle and<br>nervous system dysfunction. These are often multisystemic and<br>vary considerably in age at onset (usually in the first or second<br>decade of life), distribution of affected muscles, severity, and<br>course. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp984-5)",""],["Myopathies, Nemaline",619,0.0,"D017696","C05.651.575.290",0,"Description: A group of inherited congenital myopathic conditions<br>characterized clinically by weakness, hypotonia, and prominent<br>hypoplasia of proximal muscles including the face. Muscle biopsy<br>reveals large numbers of rod-shaped structures beneath the muscle<br>fiber plasma membrane. This disorder is genetically heterogeneous<br>and may occasionally present in adults. (Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p1453)",""],["Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal",1346,0.0,"D017824","C05.116.070.265",0,"Description: Fibrous blood-filled cyst in the bone. Although<br>benign it can be destructive causing deformity and fractures.",""],["Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament",1147,0.0,"D017887","C05.116.900.480",0,"Description: A calcification of the posterior longitudinal<br>ligament of the spinal column, usually at the level of the<br>cervical spine. It is often associated with anterior ankylosing<br>hyperostosis.",""],["Myositis, Inclusion Body",1305,0.0,"D018979","C05.651.594.600",0,"Description: Progressive myopathies characterized by the presence<br>of inclusion bodies on muscle biopsy. Sporadic and hereditary<br>forms have been described. The sporadic form is an acquired,<br>adult-onset inflammatory vacuolar myopathy affecting proximal and<br>distal muscles. Familial forms usually begin in childhood and<br>lack inflammatory changes. Both forms feature intracytoplasmic<br>and intranuclear inclusions in muscle tissue. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1409-10)",""],["Shoulder Pain",4106,0.1,"D020069","C05.550.091.700",0,"Description: Unilateral or bilateral pain of the shoulder. It is<br>often caused by physical activities such as work or sports<br>participation, but may also be pathologic in origin.",""],["Osteoarthritis, Knee",23635,0.3,"D020370","C05.799.613.500",0,"Description: Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee<br>joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block<br>normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal<br>pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress<br>concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage.<br>(Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)",""],["Myopathy, Central Core",186,0.0,"D020512","C05.651.575.300",0,"Description: An inherited congenital myopathic condition<br>characterized by weakness and hypotonia in infancy and delayed<br>motor development. Muscle biopsy reveals a condensation of<br>myofibrils and myofibrillar material in the central portion of<br>each muscle fiber. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1452)",""],["Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Periodic",126,0.0,"D020513","C05.651.701.600",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial disorder which<br>presents in infancy or childhood and is characterized by episodes<br>of weakness associated with hyperkalemia. During attacks, muscles<br>of the lower extremities are initially affected, followed by the<br>lower trunk and arms. Episodes last from 15-60 minutes and<br>typically occur after a period of rest following exercise. A<br>defect in skeletal muscle sodium channels has been identified as<br>the cause of this condition. Normokalemic periodic paralysis is a<br>closely related disorder marked by a lack of alterations in<br>potassium levels during attacks of weakness. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1481)",""],["Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis",614,0.0,"D020514","C05.651.701.450",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial disorder<br>characterized by recurrent episodes of skeletal muscle weakness<br>associated with falls in serum potassium levels. The condition<br>usually presents in the first or second decade of life with<br>attacks of trunk and leg paresis during sleep or shortly after<br>awakening. Symptoms may persist for hours to days and generally<br>are precipitated by exercise or a meal high in carbohydrates.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1483)",""],["Hallux Limitus",73,0.0,"D020857","C05.330.488.300",0,"Description: A bony proliferation and articular degeneration of<br>the first METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT that is characterized by pain<br>and a progressive decrease in the dorsiflexion range of motion.",""],["Hallux Rigidus",495,0.0,"D020859","C05.330.488.310",0,"Description: A condition caused by degenerative arthritis (see<br>OSTEOARTHRITIS) of the METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT of the great toe<br>and characterized by pain and limited dorsiflexion, but<br>relatively unrestricted plantar flexion.",""],["Acro-Osteolysis",293,0.0,"D030981","C05.116.099.052",1,"Description: A condition with congenital and acquired forms<br>causing recurrent ulcers in the fingers and toes. The congenital<br>form exhibits autosomal dominant inheritance; the acquired form<br>is found in workers who handle VINYL CHLORIDE. When acro-<br>osteolysis is accompanied by generalized OSTEOPOROSIS and skull<br>deformations, it is called HAJDU-CHENEY SYNDROME.",""],["Knee Dislocation",740,0.0,"D031221","C05.550.518.500",0,"Description: Slippage of the FEMUR off the TIBIA.",""],["Patellar Dislocation",1413,0.0,"D031222","C05.550.518.625",0,"Description: Displacement of the PATELLA from the femoral groove.",""],["LEOPARD Syndrome",212,0.0,"D044542","C05.660.207.525",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of<br>its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abnormalities;<br>ocular HYPERTELORISM; PULMONARY STENOSIS; abnormal genitalia;<br>retardation of growth; and DEAFNESS or SENSORINEURAL HEARING<br>LOSS). This syndrome is caused by mutations of PTPN11 gene<br>encoding the non-receptor PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, type 11,<br>and is an allelic to NOONAN SYNDROME. Features of LEOPARD<br>syndrome overlap with those of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 which is<br>caused by mutations in the NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 GENES.",""],["Plagiocephaly",490,0.0,"D059041","C05.660.207.707",1,"Description: The condition characterized by uneven or irregular<br>shape of the head often in parallelogram shape with a flat spot<br>on the back or one side of the head. It can either result from<br>the premature CRANIAL SUTURE closure (CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS) or from<br>external forces (NONSYNOSTOTIC PLAGIOCEPHALY).",""],["Adamantinoma",401,0.0,"D050398","C05.116.231.030",0,"Description: A locally aggressive, osteolytic neoplasm of the<br>long bones, probably of epithelial origin and most often<br>involving the TIBIA.",""],["Tendon Entrapment",1081,0.0,"D053682","C05.651.869.816",2,"Description: Narrowing or stenosis of a tendon's retinacular<br>sheath. It occurs most often in the hand or wrist but can also be<br>found in the foot or ankle. The most common types are DE QUERVAIN<br>DISEASE and TRIGGER FINGER DISORDER.",""],["Pyomyositis",497,0.0,"D052880","C05.651.594.909",0,"Description: An intramuscular suppuration of the large skeletal<br>muscle groups. It is associated with INFECTION such as<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS and PYODERMA. It was known as a tropical<br>disease but is increasing among the immunocompromised<br>(IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST). Symptoms include muscle pain, FEVER,<br>and leucocytosis. It has been diagnosed by MRI SCANS.",""],["Ischemic Contracture",197,0.0,"D054061","C05.550.323.734",0,"Description: A type of permanent damage to muscles and nerves<br>that results from prolonged lack blood flow to those tissues. It<br>is characterized by shortening and stiffening of the muscles.",""],["Ischemic Contracture",197,0.0,"D054061","C05.651.180.531",0,"Description: A type of permanent damage to muscles and nerves<br>that results from prolonged lack blood flow to those tissues. It<br>is characterized by shortening and stiffening of the muscles.",""],["Ischemic Contracture",197,0.0,"D054061","C05.651.197.734",0,"Description: A type of permanent damage to muscles and nerves<br>that results from prolonged lack blood flow to those tissues. It<br>is characterized by shortening and stiffening of the muscles.",""],["Arachnodactyly",505,0.0,"D054119","C05.660.585.174",0,"Description: An abnormal bone development that is characterized<br>by extra long and slender hands and fingers, such that the<br>clenched thumb extends beyond the ulnar side of the hand.<br>Arachnodactyly can include feet and toes. Arachnodactyly has been<br>associated with several gene mutations and syndromes.",""],["Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype",64,0.0,"D054882","C05.660.906.181",0,"Description: An inherited condition characterized by multiple<br>malformations of CARTILAGE and bone including CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>midface hypoplasia; radiohumeral SYNOSTOSIS; CHOANAL ATRESIA;<br>femoral bowing; neonatal fractures; and multiple joint<br>CONTRACTURES and, occasionally, urogenital, gastrointestinal or<br>cardiac defects. In utero exposure to FLUCONAZOLE, as well as<br>mutations in at least two separate genes are associated with this<br>condition - POR (encoding P450 (cytochrome) oxidoreductase<br>(NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE)) and FGFR2 (encoding<br>FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2).",""],["Posterior Cervical Sympathetic Syndrome",69,0.0,"D055010","C05.116.900.596",0,"Description: A pathological condition that is characterized by a<br>host of cranial symptoms, such as headaches, abnormal functions<br>of the eyes and the ears, and psychological and mental disorders.<br>This syndrome usually appears after neck injuries, inflammation,<br>or neoplasm.",""],["Osteoarthritis, Spine",176,0.0,"D055013","C05.799.613.750",0,"Description: A degenerative joint disease involving the SPINE. It<br>is characterized by progressive deterioration of the spinal<br>articular cartilage (CARTILAGE, ARTICULAR), usually with<br>hardening of the subchondral bone and outgrowth of bone spurs<br>(OSTEOPHYTE).",""],["Tracheomalacia",258,0.0,"D055090","C05.182.895.500",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the TRACHEA. This results in a<br>floppy tracheal wall making patency difficult to maintain. It is<br>characterized by wheezing and difficult breathing.",""],["Bronchomalacia",89,0.0,"D055091","C05.182.895.249",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the BRONCHI. This results in a<br>floppy bronchial wall making patency difficult to maintain. It is<br>characterized by wheezing and difficult breathing.",""],["Orbital Myositis",165,0.0,"D055622","C05.651.594.728",0,"Description: Inflammation of the extraocular muscle of the eye.<br>It is characterized by swelling which can lead to ischemia,<br>fibrosis, or ORBITAL PSEUDOTUMOR.",""],["Loeys-Dietz Syndrome",390,0.0,"D055947","C05.660.207.532",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant aneurysm with multisystem<br>abnormalities caused by increased TGF-BETA signaling due to<br>mutations in type I or II of TGF-BETA RECEPTOR. Additional<br>craniofacial features include CLEFT PALATE; CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>HYPERTELORISM; or bifid uvula. Phenotypes closely resemble MARFAN<br>SYNDROME; Marfanoid craniosynostosis syndrome (Shprintzen-<br>Goldberg syndrome); and EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME.",""],["Intervertebral Disc Degeneration",6557,0.1,"D055959","C05.116.900.153",0,"Description: Degenerative changes in the INTERVERTEBRAL DISC due<br>to aging or structural damage, especially to the vertebral end-<br>plates.",""],["Rheumatoid Vasculitis",72,0.0,"D056653","C05.799.114.728",0,"Description: Necrotizing VASCULITIS of small and medium size<br>vessels, developing as a complication in RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS<br>patients. It is characterized by peripheral vascular lesions,<br>cutaneous ULCERS, peripheral GANGRENE, and MONONEURITIS<br>MULTIPLEX.",""],["Costello Syndrome",170,0.0,"D056685","C05.660.207.219",0,"Description: Rare congenital disorder with multiple anomalies<br>including: characteristic dysmorphic craniofacial features,<br>musculoskeletal abnormalities, neurocognitive delay, and high<br>prevalence of cancer. Germline mutations in H-Ras protein can<br>cause Costello syndrome. Costello syndrome shows early phenotypic<br>overlap with other disorders that involve MAP KINASE SIGNALING<br>SYSTEM (e.g., NOONAN SYNDROME and cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome).",""],["Silver-Russell Syndrome",320,0.0,"D056730","C05.660.207.925",0,"Description: Genetically and clinically heterogeneous disorder<br>characterized by low birth weight, postnatal growth retardation,<br>facial dysmorphism, bilateral body asymmetry, and clinodactyly of<br>the fifth fingers. Alterations in GENETIC IMPRINTING are<br>involved. Hypomethylation of IGF2/H19 locus near an imprinting<br>center region of chromosome 11p15 plays a role in a subset of<br>Silver-Russell syndrome. Hypermethylation of the same chromosomal<br>region, on the other hand, can cause BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN SYNDROME.<br>Maternal UNIPARENTAL DISOMY for chromosome 7 is known to play a<br>role in its etiology.",""],["Donohue Syndrome",72,0.0,"D056731","C05.660.207.325",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive syndrome of extreme insulin<br>resistance due to mutations in the binding domain of INSULIN<br>RECEPTOR. Clinical features include severe intrauterine and<br>postnatal growth restriction, characteristic dysmorphic FACIES;<br>HIRSUTISM; VIRILIZATION; multiple endocrine abnormalities, and<br>early death.",""],["Sacroiliitis",639,0.0,"D058566","C05.550.114.854",0,"Description: Inflammation of the SACROILIAC JOINT. It is<br>characterized by lower back pain, especially upon walking, fever,<br>UVEITIS; PSORIASIS; and decreased range of motion. Many factors<br>are associated with and cause sacroiliitis including infection;<br>injury to spine, lower back, and pelvis; DEGENERATIVE ARTHRITIS;<br>and pregnancy.",""],["Megalencephaly",463,0.0,"D058627","C05.660.207.536",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which the<br>occipitofrontal circumference is greater than two standard<br>deviations above the mean for a given age. It is associated with<br>HYDROCEPHALUS; SUBDURAL EFFUSION; ARACHNOID CYSTS; or is part of<br>a genetic condition (e.g., ALEXANDER DISEASE; SOTOS SYNDROME).",""],["Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw",1602,0.0,"D059266","C05.116.852.087",0,"Description: Necrotic jaws or other maxillofacial skeleton<br>necrosis associated with bisphosphonate use (see<br>BISPHOSPHONATES). Injury, dental procedures, and trauma can<br>trigger the necrotic process.",""],["Intra-Abdominal Hypertension",854,0.0,"D059325","C05.651.180.297",0,"Description: Pathological elevation of intra-abdominal pressure<br>(>12 mm Hg). It may develop as a result of SEPSIS; PANCREATITIS;<br>capillary leaks, burns, or surgery. When the pressure is higher<br>than 20 mm Hg, often with end-organ dysfunction, it is referred<br>to as abdominal compartment syndrome.",""],["Brachydactyly",201,0.0,"D059327","C05.660.585.262",0,"Description: Congenital anomaly of abnormally short fingers or<br>toes.",""],["Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses",585,0.0,"D060048","C05.116.425.500",0,"Description: A developmental deformity in which the metaphysis of<br>the FEMUR moves proximally and anteriorly away from FEMUR HEAD<br>(epiphysis) at the upper GROWTH PLATE. It is most common in male<br>adolescents and is associated with a greater risk of early<br>OSTEOARTHRITIS of the hip.",""],["Bone Anteversion",337,0.0,"D060750","C05.116.214.500",1,"Description: Malalignment of a bone in which its head and neck is<br>rotated excessively forward or inward.",""],["Bone Retroversion",142,0.0,"D060751","C05.116.214.750",1,"Description: Attachment of a bone in which its head and neck is<br>rotated excessively backward.",""],["Retrognathia",879,0.0,"D063173","C05.500.460.827",0,"Description: A physical misalignment of the upper (maxilla) and<br>lower (mandibular) jaw bones in which either or both recede<br>relative to the frontal plane of the forehead.",""],["Pectus Carinatum",138,0.0,"D066166","C05.116.099.739",0,"Description: A developmental anomaly characterized by abnormal<br>anterior protrusion of the STERNUM and adjacent COSTAL CARTILAGE.",""],["Foot Deformities, Acquired",9155,0.1,"D005531","C05.330.488",9,"Description: Distortion or disfigurement of the foot, or a part<br>of the foot, acquired through disease or injury after birth.",""],["Foot Deformities, Congenital",8780,0.1,"D005532","C05.330.495",6,"Description: Alterations or deviations from normal shape or size<br>which result in a disfigurement of the foot occurring at or<br>before birth.",""],["Limb Deformities, Congenital",23613,0.3,"D017880","C05.660.585",22,"Description: Congenital structural deformities of the upper and<br>lower extremities collectively or unspecified.",""],["Metatarsal Valgus",1,0.0,"D000070591","C05.330.663",0,"Description: A foot anomaly in which the forefoot is angled<br>outward relative to the hindfoot.",""],["Metatarsus Varus",47,0.0,"D000070592","C05.330.711",0,"Description: A foot anomaly in which the forefoot (METATARSUS) is<br>angled inward relative to the heel.",""],["Coxa Magna",7,0.0,"D000070603","C05.116.296",0,"Description: Deformity of the hip characterized by enlargement<br>and deformation of the FEMUR HEAD and FEMUR NECK, often with<br>associated changes in the ACETABULUM. These changes may be<br>secondary to other diseases (e.g. LEGG-PERTHES DISEASE;<br>ARTHRITIS; HIP DISLOCATION, CONGENITAL) or TRAUMA.",""],["Bone Diseases, Developmental",86414,1.3,"D001848","C05.116.099",69,"Description: Diseases resulting in abnormal GROWTH or abnormal<br>MORPHOGENESIS of BONES.",""],["Synostosis",12002,0.2,"D013580","C05.660.906",8,"Description: A union between adjacent bones or parts of a single<br>bone formed by osseous material, such as ossified connecting<br>cartilage or fibrous tissue. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Metatarsalgia",394,0.0,"D037061","C05.360.500",1,"Description: Pain in the region of the METATARSUS. It can include<br>pain in the METATARSAL BONES; METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT; and/or<br>intermetatarsal joints (TARSAL JOINTS).",""],["Metatarsalgia",394,0.0,"D037061","C05.550.610",1,"Description: Pain in the region of the METATARSUS. It can include<br>pain in the METATARSAL BONES; METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT; and/or<br>intermetatarsal joints (TARSAL JOINTS).",""],["Joint Dislocations",36384,0.5,"D004204","C05.550.518",12,"Description: Displacement of bones from their normal positions at<br>a joint.",""],["Tendinopathy",12751,0.2,"D052256","C05.651.869",9,"Description: Clinical syndrome describing overuse tendon injuries<br>characterized by a combination of PAIN, diffuse or localized<br>swelling, and impaired performance.",""],["Arthritis",302734,4.4,"D001168","C05.550.114",33,"Description: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.",""],["Crystal Arthropathies",14252,0.2,"D000070657","C05.550.354",4,"Description: Joint disorders that are characterized by<br>accumulation of microcrystals in and around the joint including<br>in the SYNOVIAL FLUID. They are classified according to the<br>chemical nature of the crystals such as CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE;<br>basic CALCIUM PHOSPHATES; and monosodium urate (see URIC ACID).",""],["Synovitis",6725,0.1,"D013585","C05.550.870",2,"Description: Inflammation of the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.",""],["Fibromatosis, Plantar",37,0.0,"D000071380","C05.360.375",0,"Description: A fibromatosis of the plantar fascia characterized<br>by thickening of the fibrous bands on the plantar aponeurosis in<br>the sole of the foot and toes.",""],["Contracture",9292,0.1,"D003286","C05.651.197",4,"Description: Prolonged shortening of the muscle or other soft<br>tissue around a joint, preventing movement of the joint.",""],["Myotoxicity",40,0.0,"D000081030","C05.651.682",0,"Description: Damage to the muscle or its function secondary to<br>toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip",7757,0.1,"D000082602","C05.660.297",1,"Description: Dislocation of the HIP JOINT from an abnormal<br>FEMORAL HEAD to the ACETABULUM relationship. It is most often due<br>to ligamentous laxity, abnormal positioning of the joint and<br>various other developmental, congenital factors, and method of<br>delivery (e.g., OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS). When dislocation is diagnosed<br>in neonates it is referred to as CONGENITAL HIP DYSPLASIA.",""],["Muscular Disorders, Atrophic",29793,0.4,"D020966","C05.651.534",12,"Description: Disorders characterized by an abnormal reduction in<br>muscle volume due to a decrease in the size or number of muscle<br>fibers. Atrophy may result from diseases intrinsic to muscle<br>tissue (e.g., MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY) or secondary to PERIPHERAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that impair innervation to muscle tissue<br>(e.g., MUSCULAR ATROPHY, SPINAL).",""],["Compartment Syndromes",6479,0.1,"D003161","C05.651.180",4,"Description: Conditions in which increased pressure within a<br>limited space compromises the BLOOD CIRCULATION and function of<br>tissue within that space. Some of the causes of increased<br>pressure are TRAUMA, tight dressings, HEMORRHAGE, and exercise.<br>Sequelae include nerve compression (NERVE COMPRESSION SYNDROMES);<br>PARALYSIS; and ISCHEMIC CONTRACTURE. FASCIOTOMY is often used to<br>decompress increased pressure and eliminate pain associated with<br>compartment syndromes.",""],["Spinal Diseases",144715,2.1,"D013122","C05.116.900",30,"Description: Diseases involving the SPINE.",""],["Ankylosis",17325,0.3,"D000844","C05.550.069",3,"Description: Fixation and immobility of a joint.",""],["Craniofacial Abnormalities",57064,0.8,"D019465","C05.660.207",34,"Description: Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or<br>other abnormalities of the cranium and facial bones.",""],["Bone Diseases, Endocrine",16038,0.2,"D001849","C05.116.132",5,"Description: Diseases of the bones related to hyperfunction or<br>hypofunction of the endocrine glands.",""],["Bone Resorption",23755,0.3,"D001862","C05.116.264",6,"Description: Bone loss due to osteoclastic activity.",""],["Arthritis, Juvenile",10866,0.2,"D001171","C05.799.056",0,"Description: Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of<br>age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile<br>idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for<br>chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile<br>arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive)<br>clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered<br>its childhood equivalent.",""],["Arthritis, Rheumatoid",112114,1.6,"D001172","C05.799.114",6,"Description: A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints,<br>marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and<br>articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the<br>collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and<br>rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but<br>autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.",""],["Arthrogryposis",1981,0.0,"D001176","C05.550.150",0,"Description: Persistent flexure or contracture of a joint.",""],["Arthrogryposis",1981,0.0,"D001176","C05.651.102",0,"Description: Persistent flexure or contracture of a joint.",""],["Arthrogryposis",1981,0.0,"D001176","C05.660.077",0,"Description: Persistent flexure or contracture of a joint.",""],["Arthropathy, Neurogenic",1723,0.0,"D001177","C05.550.186",0,"Description: Chronic progressive degeneration of the stress-<br>bearing portion of a joint, with bizarre hypertrophic changes at<br>the periphery. It is probably a complication of a variety of<br>neurologic disorders, particularly TABES DORSALIS, involving loss<br>of sensation, which leads to relaxation of supporting structures<br>and chronic instability of the joint. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Jaw Cysts",7752,0.1,"D007570","C05.500.470",7,"Description: Saccular lesions lined with epithelium and contained<br>within pathologically formed cavities in the jaw; also<br>nonepithelial cysts (pseudocysts) as they apply to the jaw, e.g.,<br>traumatic or solitary cyst, static bone cavity, and aneurysmal<br>bone cyst. True jaw cysts are classified as odontogenic or<br>nonodontogenic.",""],["Bone Cysts",5041,0.1,"D001845","C05.116.070",1,"Description: Benign unilocular lytic areas in the proximal end of<br>a long bone with well defined and narrow endosteal margins. The<br>cysts contain fluid and the cyst walls may contain some giant<br>cells. Bone cysts usually occur in males between the ages 3-15<br>years.",""],["Bone Diseases, Infectious",38367,0.6,"D001850","C05.116.165",9,"Description: Bone diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms.",""],["Bone Diseases, Metabolic",72536,1.1,"D001851","C05.116.198",12,"Description: Diseases that affect the METABOLIC PROCESSES of BONE<br>TISSUE.",""],["Bone Neoplasms",128925,1.9,"D001859","C05.116.231",11,"Description: Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific<br>BONES.",""],["Bursitis",4344,0.1,"D002062","C05.550.251",1,"Description: Inflammation or irritation of a SYNOVIAL BURSA, the<br>fibrous sac that acts as a cushion between moving structures of<br>bones, muscles, tendons or skin.",""],["Cherubism",444,0.0,"D002636","C05.500.174",0,"Description: A fibro-osseous hereditary disease of the jaws. The<br>swollen jaws and raised eyes give a cherubic appearance; multiple<br>radiolucencies are evident upon radiographic examination.",""],["Jaw Abnormalities",25481,0.4,"D007569","C05.500.460",5,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the jaw.",""],["Contracture",6439,0.1,"D003286","C05.550.323",2,"Description: Prolonged shortening of the muscle or other soft<br>tissue around a joint, preventing movement of the joint.",""],["Myositis",22559,0.3,"D009220","C05.651.594",6,"Description: Inflammation of a muscle or muscle tissue.",""],["Hyperostosis",6807,0.1,"D015576","C05.116.540",8,"Description: Increase in the mass of bone per unit volume.",""],["Eosinophilic Granuloma",2734,0.0,"D004803","C05.116.391",0,"Description: The most benign and common form of Langerhans-cell<br>histiocytosis which involves localized nodular lesions<br>predominantly of the bones but also of the gastric mucosa, small<br>intestine, lungs, or skin, with infiltration by EOSINOPHILS.",""],["Epiphyses, Slipped",2362,0.0,"D004839","C05.116.425",1,"Description: A complete or partial separation of the EPIPHYSES<br>from the DIAPHYSES.",""],["Osteonecrosis",15813,0.2,"D010020","C05.116.852",3,"Description: Death of a bone or part of a bone, either atraumatic<br>or posttraumatic.",""],["Fibromyalgia",10131,0.1,"D005356","C05.651.324",0,"Description: A common nonarticular rheumatic syndrome<br>characterized by myalgia and multiple points of focal muscle<br>tenderness to palpation (trigger points). Muscle pain is<br>typically aggravated by inactivity or exposure to cold. This<br>condition is often associated with general symptoms, such as<br>sleep disturbances, fatigue, stiffness, HEADACHES, and<br>occasionally DEPRESSION. There is significant overlap between<br>fibromyalgia and the chronic fatigue syndrome (FATIGUE SYNDROME,<br>CHRONIC). Fibromyalgia may arise as a primary or secondary<br>disease process. It is most frequent in females aged 20 to 50<br>years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1494-95)",""],["Fibromyalgia",10131,0.1,"D005356","C05.799.321",0,"Description: A common nonarticular rheumatic syndrome<br>characterized by myalgia and multiple points of focal muscle<br>tenderness to palpation (trigger points). Muscle pain is<br>typically aggravated by inactivity or exposure to cold. This<br>condition is often associated with general symptoms, such as<br>sleep disturbances, fatigue, stiffness, HEADACHES, and<br>occasionally DEPRESSION. There is significant overlap between<br>fibromyalgia and the chronic fatigue syndrome (FATIGUE SYNDROME,<br>CHRONIC). Fibromyalgia may arise as a primary or secondary<br>disease process. It is most frequent in females aged 20 to 50<br>years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1494-95)",""],["Funnel Chest",2551,0.0,"D005660","C05.660.386",0,"Description: A developmental anomaly in which the lower sternum<br>is posteriorly dislocated and concavely deformed, resulting in a<br>funnel-shaped thorax.",""],["Gout",12275,0.2,"D006073","C05.799.414",1,"Description: Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute<br>arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and<br>around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi.",""],["Granuloma, Giant Cell",1713,0.0,"D006101","C05.500.368",0,"Description: A non-neoplastic inflammatory lesion, usually of the<br>jaw or gingiva, containing large, multinucleated cells. It<br>includes reparative giant cell granuloma. Peripheral giant cell<br>granuloma refers to the gingiva (giant cell epulis); central<br>refers to the jaw.",""],["Hallux Valgus",3534,0.1,"D006215","C05.330.610",0,"Description: Lateral displacement of the great toe (HALLUX),<br>producing deformity of the first METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT with<br>callous, bursa, or BUNION formation over the bony prominence.",""],["Hand Deformities, Acquired",2185,0.0,"D006227","C05.390.110",0,"Description: Deformities of the hand, or a part of the hand,<br>acquired after birth as the result of injury or disease.",""],["Hand Deformities, Congenital",3016,0.0,"D006228","C05.390.408",0,"Description: Alterations or deviations from normal shape or size<br>which result in a disfigurement of the hand occurring at or<br>before birth.",""],["Hemarthrosis",1664,0.0,"D006395","C05.550.459",0,"Description: Bleeding into the joints. It may arise from trauma<br>or spontaneously in patients with hemophilia.",""],["Hydrarthrosis",247,0.0,"D006833","C05.550.509",0,"Description: Accumulation of watery fluid in the cavity of a<br>joint. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Jaw Neoplasms",18894,0.3,"D007573","C05.500.499",3,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE<br>unspecified. For neoplasms of the maxilla, MAXILLARY NEOPLASMS is<br>available and of the mandible, MANDIBULAR NEOPLASMS is available.",""],["Jaw, Edentulous",4695,0.1,"D007575","C05.500.480",1,"Description: The total absence of teeth from either the mandible<br>or the maxilla, but not both. Total absence of teeth from both is<br>MOUTH, EDENTULOUS. Partial absence of teeth in either is JAW,<br>EDENTULOUS, PARTIALLY.",""],["Joint Instability",17476,0.3,"D007593","C05.550.521",0,"Description: Lack of stability of a joint or joint prosthesis.",""],["Joint Loose Bodies",352,0.0,"D007594","C05.550.535",0,"Description: Fibrous, bony, cartilaginous and osteocartilaginous<br>fragments in a synovial joint. Major causes are osteochondritis<br>dissecans, synovial chondromatosis, osteophytes, fractured<br>articular surfaces and damaged menisci.",""],["Mitochondrial Myopathies",5542,0.1,"D017240","C05.651.460",5,"Description: A group of muscle diseases associated with abnormal<br>mitochondria function.",""],["Klippel-Feil Syndrome",836,0.0,"D007714","C05.660.551",0,"Description: A syndrome characterised by a low hairline and a<br>shortened neck resulting from a reduced number of vertebrae or<br>the fusion of multiple hemivertebrae into one osseous mass.",""],["Mandibular Diseases",33832,0.5,"D008336","C05.500.607",5,"Description: Diseases involving the MANDIBLE.",""],["Maxillary Diseases",7232,0.1,"D008439","C05.500.693",1,"Description: Diseases involving the MAXILLA.",""],["Muscle Cramp",1481,0.0,"D009120","C05.651.475",0,"Description: A sustained and usually painful contraction of<br>muscle fibers. This may occur as an isolated phenomenon or as a<br>manifestation of an underlying disease process (e.g., UREMIA;<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; etc.). (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1398)",""],["Muscle Rigidity",1285,0.0,"D009127","C05.651.504",0,"Description: Continuous involuntary sustained muscle contraction<br>which is often a manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES. When an<br>affected muscle is passively stretched, the degree of resistance<br>remains constant regardless of the rate at which the muscle is<br>stretched. This feature helps to distinguish rigidity from MUSCLE<br>SPASTICITY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p73)",""],["Muscle Spasticity",6964,0.1,"D009128","C05.651.512",0,"Description: A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper<br>MOTOR NEURON DISEASE. Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic<br>muscle results in minimal initial resistance (a \"free interval\")<br>followed by an incremental increase in muscle tone. Tone<br>increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is<br>usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of<br>MUSCLE WEAKNESS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p54)",""],["Myofascial Pain Syndromes",5696,0.1,"D009209","C05.651.550",1,"Description: Muscular pain in numerous body regions that can be<br>reproduced by pressure on TRIGGER POINTS, localized hardenings in<br>skeletal muscle tissue. Pain is referred to a location distant<br>from the trigger points. A prime example is the TEMPOROMANDIBULAR<br>JOINT DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME.",""],["Rhabdomyolysis",6289,0.1,"D012206","C05.651.807",1,"Description: Necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle often<br>followed by myoglobinuria.",""],["Myotonic Disorders",6673,0.1,"D020967","C05.651.662",2,"Description: Diseases characterized by MYOTONIA, which may be<br>inherited or acquired. Myotonia may be restricted to certain<br>muscles (e.g., intrinsic hand muscles) or occur as a generalized<br>condition.",""],["Nail-Patella Syndrome",485,0.0,"D009261","C05.550.629",0,"Description: A syndrome of multiple abnormalities characterized<br>by the absence or hypoplasia of the PATELLA and congenital nail<br>dystrophy. It is a genetically determined autosomal dominant<br>trait.",""],["Osteitis",3306,0.0,"D010000","C05.116.680",0,"Description: Inflammation of the bone.",""],["Osteitis Deformans",4687,0.1,"D010001","C05.116.692",0,"Description: A disease marked by repeated episodes of increased<br>bone resorption followed by excessive attempts at repair,<br>resulting in weakened, deformed bones of increased mass. The<br>resultant architecture of the bone assumes a mosaic pattern in<br>which the fibers take on a haphazard pattern instead of the<br>normal parallel symmetry.",""],["Osteoarthritis",64649,0.9,"D010003","C05.799.613",3,"Description: A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most<br>common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The<br>disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from<br>biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting<br>articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called<br>osteoarthrosis deformans.",""],["Osteoarthropathy, Primary Hypertrophic",709,0.0,"D010004","C05.116.725",0,"Description: A condition chiefly characterized by thickening of<br>the skin of the head and distal extremities, deep folds and<br>furrows of the skin of the forehead, cheeks, and scalp,<br>SEBORRHEA; HYPERHIDROSIS; periostosis of the long bones, digital<br>clubbing, and spadelike enlargement of the hands and feet. It is<br>more prevalent in the male, and is usually first evident during<br>adolescence. Inheritance is primarily autosomal recessive, but an<br>autosomal dominant form exists.",""],["Osteoarthropathy, Primary Hypertrophic",709,0.0,"D010004","C05.550.648",0,"Description: A condition chiefly characterized by thickening of<br>the skin of the head and distal extremities, deep folds and<br>furrows of the skin of the forehead, cheeks, and scalp,<br>SEBORRHEA; HYPERHIDROSIS; periostosis of the long bones, digital<br>clubbing, and spadelike enlargement of the hands and feet. It is<br>more prevalent in the male, and is usually first evident during<br>adolescence. Inheritance is primarily autosomal recessive, but an<br>autosomal dominant form exists.",""],["Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic",1682,0.0,"D010005","C05.116.758",0,"Description: Symmetrical osteitis of the four limbs, chiefly<br>localized to the phalanges and the terminal epiphyses of the long<br>bones of the forearm and leg, sometimes extending to the proximal<br>ends of the limbs and the flat bones, and accompanied by dorsal<br>kyphosis and joint involvement. It is often secondary to chronic<br>conditions of the lungs and heart. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic",1682,0.0,"D010005","C05.550.684",0,"Description: Symmetrical osteitis of the four limbs, chiefly<br>localized to the phalanges and the terminal epiphyses of the long<br>bones of the forearm and leg, sometimes extending to the proximal<br>ends of the limbs and the flat bones, and accompanied by dorsal<br>kyphosis and joint involvement. It is often secondary to chronic<br>conditions of the lungs and heart. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Osteochondritis",6544,0.1,"D010007","C05.116.791",1,"Description: Inflammation of a bone and its overlaying CARTILAGE.",""],["Osteochondritis",4897,0.1,"D010007","C05.182.520",0,"Description: Inflammation of a bone and its overlaying CARTILAGE.",""],["Paralyses, Familial Periodic",1634,0.0,"D010245","C05.651.701",2,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited disorders<br>characterized by recurring attacks of rapidly progressive flaccid<br>paralysis or myotonia. These conditions have in common a mutation<br>of the gene encoding the alpha subunit of the sodium channel in<br>skeletal muscle. They are frequently associated with fluctuations<br>in serum potassium levels. Periodic paralysis may also occur as a<br>non-familial process secondary to THYROTOXICOSIS and other<br>conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1481)",""],["Polychondritis, Relapsing",1563,0.0,"D011081","C05.182.531",0,"Description: An acquired disease of unknown etiology, chronic<br>course, and tendency to recur. It is characterized by<br>inflammation and degeneration of cartilage and can result in<br>deformities such as floppy ear and saddle nose. Loss of cartilage<br>in the respiratory tract can lead to respiratory obstruction.",""],["Polymyalgia Rheumatica",2609,0.0,"D011111","C05.651.742",0,"Description: A syndrome in the elderly characterized by proximal<br>joint and muscle pain, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and a<br>self-limiting course. Pain is usually accompanied by evidence of<br>an inflammatory reaction. Women are affected twice as commonly as<br>men and Caucasians more frequently than other groups. The<br>condition is frequently associated with GIANT CELL ARTERITIS and<br>some theories pose the possibility that the two diseases arise<br>from a single etiology or even that they are the same entity.",""],["Polymyalgia Rheumatica",2609,0.0,"D011111","C05.799.720",0,"Description: A syndrome in the elderly characterized by proximal<br>joint and muscle pain, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and a<br>self-limiting course. Pain is usually accompanied by evidence of<br>an inflammatory reaction. Women are affected twice as commonly as<br>men and Caucasians more frequently than other groups. The<br>condition is frequently associated with GIANT CELL ARTERITIS and<br>some theories pose the possibility that the two diseases arise<br>from a single etiology or even that they are the same entity.",""],["Rheumatic Fever",9875,0.1,"D012213","C05.799.825",2,"Description: A febrile disease occurring as a delayed sequela of<br>infections with STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES. It is characterized by<br>multiple focal inflammatory lesions of the connective tissue<br>structures, such as the heart, blood vessels, and joints<br>(POLYARTHRITIS) and brain, and by the presence of ASCHOFF BODIES<br>in the myocardium and skin.",""],["Osteochondrosis",1424,0.0,"D055034","C05.116.821",2,"Description: Any of a group of bone disorders involving one or<br>more ossification centers (EPIPHYSES). It is characterized by<br>degeneration or NECROSIS followed by revascularization and<br>reossification. Osteochondrosis often occurs in children causing<br>varying degrees of discomfort or pain. There are many eponymic<br>types for specific affected areas, such as tarsal navicular<br>(Kohler disease) and tibial tuberosity (Osgood-Schlatter<br>disease).",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Disorders",16865,0.2,"D013705","C05.550.905",1,"Description: A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and<br>functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint.<br>Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular<br>diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the<br>symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred<br>pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional<br>diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where<br>tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or<br>nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities,<br>trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From<br>Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)",""],["Craniomandibular Disorders",17170,0.2,"D017271","C05.651.243",2,"Description: Diseases or disorders of the muscles of the head and<br>neck, with special reference to the masticatory muscles. The most<br>notable examples are TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS and<br>TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME.",""],["Tietze's Syndrome",371,0.0,"D013991","C05.182.790",0,"Description: Idiopathic painful nonsuppurative swellings of one<br>or more costal cartilages, especially of the second rib. The<br>anterior chest pain may mimic that of coronary artery disease.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed.)",""],["Hyperostosis, Sternocostoclavicular",120,0.0,"D015218","C05.799.440",0,"Description: A rare, benign rheumatologic disorder or syndrome<br>characterized by hyperostosis and soft tissue ossification<br>between the clavicles and the anterior part of the upper ribs. It<br>is often associated with the dermatologic disorder palmoplantar<br>pustulosis, particularly in Japan. Careful diagnosis is required<br>to distinguish it from psoriatic arthritis, OSTEITIS DEFORMANS,<br>and other diseases. Spondylitis of pustulosis palmaris et<br>plantaris is one of the possible causes; also, evidence suggests<br>one origin may be bone infection. Bone imaging is especially<br>useful for diagnosis. It was originally described by Sonozaki in<br>1974.",""],["Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic",6457,0.1,"D015673","C05.651.310",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent<br>fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, and<br>subjective cognitive impairment of 6 months duration or longer.<br>Symptoms are not caused by ongoing exertion; are not relieved by<br>rest; and result in a substantial reduction of previous levels of<br>occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Minor<br>alterations of immune, neuroendocrine, and autonomic function may<br>be associated with this syndrome. There is also considerable<br>overlap between this condition and FIBROMYALGIA. (From Semin<br>Neurol 1998;18(2):237-42; Ann Intern Med 1994 Dec 15;121(12):<br>953-9)",""],["Chondromatosis, Synovial",874,0.0,"D015838","C05.550.287",0,"Description: Rare, benign, chronic, progressive metaplasia in<br>which cartilage is formed in the synovial membranes of joints,<br>tendon sheaths, or bursae. Some of the metaplastic foci can<br>become detached producing loose bodies. When the loose bodies<br>undergo secondary calcification, the condition is called synovial<br>osteochondromatosis.",""],["Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome",306,0.0,"D016603","C05.651.290",0,"Description: A complex systemic syndrome with inflammatory and<br>autoimmune components that affect the skin, fascia, muscle,<br>nerve, blood vessels, lung, and heart. Diagnostic features<br>generally include EOSINOPHILIA, myalgia severe enough to limit<br>usual activities of daily living, and the absence of coexisting<br>infectious, autoimmune or other conditions that may induce<br>eosinophilia. Biopsy of affected tissue reveals a microangiopathy<br>associated with diffuse inflammation involving connective tissue.<br>(From Spitzer et al., J Rheumatol Suppl 1996 Oct;46:73-9;<br>Blackburn WD, Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997 Jun;26(6):788-93)",""],["Joint Deformities, Acquired",1067,0.0,"D016916","C05.550.515",0,"Description: Deformities acquired after birth as the result of<br>injury or disease. The joint deformity is often associated with<br>rheumatoid arthritis and leprosy.",""],["Myopathies, Structural, Congenital",1653,0.0,"D020914","C05.651.575",2,"Description: A heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by<br>the early onset of hypotonia, developmental delay of motor<br>skills, non-progressive weakness. Each of these disorders is<br>associated with a specific histologic muscle fiber abnormality.",""],["Bone Malalignment",1789,0.0,"D017760","C05.116.214",4,"Description: Displacement of bones out of line in relation to<br>joints. It may be congenital or traumatic in origin.",""],["Arthralgia",10369,0.2,"D018771","C05.550.091",1,"Description: Pain in the joint.",""],["Muscle Weakness",5090,0.1,"D018908","C05.651.515",0,"Description: A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or<br>exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The<br>weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often<br>progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and<br>neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook<br>of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251)",""],["Muscle Neoplasms",2998,0.0,"D019042","C05.651.494",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer located in muscle tissue or<br>specific muscles. They are differentiated from NEOPLASMS, MUSCLE<br>TISSUE which are neoplasms composed of skeletal, cardiac, or<br>smooth muscle tissue, such as MYOSARCOMA or LEIOMYOMA.",""],["Fasciitis, Necrotizing",3485,0.1,"D019115","C05.321.550",0,"Description: A fulminating bacterial infection of the deep layers<br>of the skin and FASCIA. It can be caused by many different<br>organisms, with STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES being the most common.",""],["Shoulder Impingement Syndrome",1714,0.0,"D019534","C05.550.840",0,"Description: Compression of the ROTATOR CUFF tendons and<br>subacromial bursa between the HUMERAL HEAD and the ACROMION of<br>the SCAPULA. This condition is associated with subacromial<br>BURSITIS, as well as rotator cuff (largely supraspinatus) and<br>bicipital tendon INFLAMMATION.",""],["Gastroschisis",1487,0.0,"D020139","C05.660.417",0,"Description: A congenital defect with major fissure in the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL lateral to, but not at, the UMBILICUS. This<br>results in the extrusion of VISCERA. Unlike OMPHALOCELE,<br>herniated structures in gastroschisis are not covered by a sac or<br>PERITONEUM.",""],["Isaacs Syndrome",334,0.0,"D020386","C05.651.392",0,"Description: A rare neuromuscular disorder with onset usually in<br>late childhood or early adulthood, characterized by intermittent<br>or continuous widespread involuntary muscle contractions;<br>FASCICULATION; hyporeflexia; MUSCLE CRAMP; MUSCLE WEAKNESS;<br>HYPERHIDROSIS; TACHYCARDIA; and MYOKYMIA. Involvement of<br>pharyngeal or laryngeal muscles may interfere with speech and<br>breathing. The continuous motor activity persists during sleep<br>and general anesthesia (distinguishing this condition from STIFF-<br>PERSON SYNDROME). Familial and acquired (primarily autoimmune)<br>forms have been reported. (From Ann NY Acad Sci 1998 May<br>13;841:482-496; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1491)",""],["Hallux Limitus",73,0.0,"D020857","C05.550.445",0,"Description: A bony proliferation and articular degeneration of<br>the first METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT that is characterized by pain<br>and a progressive decrease in the dorsiflexion range of motion.",""],["Hallux Rigidus",495,0.0,"D020859","C05.550.450",0,"Description: A condition caused by degenerative arthritis (see<br>OSTEOARTHRITIS) of the METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT of the great toe<br>and characterized by pain and limited dorsiflexion, but<br>relatively unrestricted plantar flexion.",""],["Fasciitis, Plantar",1014,0.0,"D036981","C05.321.600",0,"Description: Inflammation of the plantar fascia (APONEUROSIS) on<br>the bottom of the foot causing heel pain. The etiology of plantar<br>fasciitis remains controversial but is likely to involve a<br>biomechanical imbalance. Though often presenting along with HEEL<br>SPUR, they do not appear to be causally related.",""],["Fasciitis, Plantar",1014,0.0,"D036981","C05.360.350",0,"Description: Inflammation of the plantar fascia (APONEUROSIS) on<br>the bottom of the foot causing heel pain. The etiology of plantar<br>fasciitis remains controversial but is likely to involve a<br>biomechanical imbalance. Though often presenting along with HEEL<br>SPUR, they do not appear to be causally related.",""],["Heel Spur",140,0.0,"D036982","C05.360.400",0,"Description: A bony outgrowth on the lower surface of the<br>CALCANEUS. Though often presenting along with plantar fasciitis<br>(FASCIITIS, PLANTAR), they are not considered causally related.",""],["Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction",286,0.0,"D037081","C05.360.750",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a broad range of<br>progressive disorders ranging from TENOSYNOVITIS to tendon<br>rupture with or without hindfoot collapse to a fixed, rigid,<br>FLATFOOT deformity. Pathologic changes can involve associated<br>tendons, ligaments, joint structures of the ANKLE, hindfoot, and<br>midfoot. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is the most common<br>cause of acquired flatfoot deformity in adults.",""],["Hammer Toe Syndrome",230,0.0,"D037801","C05.330.615",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a series of<br>interrelated digital symptoms and joint changes of the lesser<br>digits and METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINTS of the FOOT. The syndrome<br>can include some or all of the following conditions: hammer toe,<br>claw toe, mallet toe, overlapping fifth toe, curly toe,<br>EXOSTOSIS; HYPEROSTOSIS; interdigital heloma, or contracted toe.",""],["Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome",1099,0.0,"D046788","C05.550.700",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by retropatellar or<br>peripatellar PAIN resulting from physical and biochemical changes<br>in the patellofemoral joint. The pain is most prominent when<br>ascending or descending stairs, squatting, or sitting with flexed<br>knees. There is a lack of consensus on the etiology and<br>treatment. The syndrome is often confused with (or accompanied<br>by) CHONDROMALACIA PATELLAE, the latter describing a pathological<br>condition of the CARTILAGE and not a syndrome.",""],["Chondromalacia Patellae",79,0.0,"D046789","C05.182.100",0,"Description: A degeneration of the ARTICULAR CARTILAGE of the<br>PATELLA, caused by a decrease in sulfated MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in<br>the ground substance. When accompanied by pain, it is sometimes<br>considered part of or confused with PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME.",""],["Hallux Varus",125,0.0,"D050488","C05.330.612",0,"Description: Displacement of the great toe (HALLUX) towards the<br>midline or away from the other TOES. It can be congenital or<br>acquired.",""],["Campomelic Dysplasia",74,0.0,"D055036","C05.660.142",0,"Description: A congenital disorder of CHONDROGENESIS and<br>OSTEOGENESIS characterized by hypoplasia of endochondral bones.<br>In most cases there is a curvature of the long bones especially<br>the TIBIA with dimpling of the skin over the bowed areas,<br>malformation of the pelvis and spine, 11 pairs of ribs,<br>hypoplastic scapulae, club feet, micrognathia, CLEFT PALATE,<br>tracheobronchomalacia, and in some patients male-to-female sex<br>reversal (SEX REVERSAL, GONADAL). Most patients die in the<br>neonatal period of respiratory distress. Campomelic dysplasia is<br>associated with haploinsufficiency of the SOX9 TRANSCRIPTION<br>FACTOR gene.",""],["Tracheobronchomalacia",608,0.0,"D055089","C05.182.895",2,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the TRACHEA and the BRONCHI. This<br>results in a floppy non-rigid airway making patency difficult to<br>maintain.",""],["Laryngomalacia",329,0.0,"D055092","C05.182.310",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the LARYNX. This results in a<br>floppy laryngeal wall making patency difficult to maintain.",""],["Genu Valgum",258,0.0,"D056304","C05.116.482",0,"Description: An inward slant of the thigh in which the knees are<br>close together and the ankles far apart. Genu valgum can develop<br>due to skeletal and joint dysplasias (e.g., OSTEOARTHRITIS;<br>HURLER SYNDROME); and malnutrition (e.g., RICKETS; FLUORIDE<br>POISONING).",""],["Genu Varum",247,0.0,"D056305","C05.116.511",0,"Description: An outward slant of the thigh in which the knees are<br>wide apart and the ankles close together. Genu varum can develop<br>due to skeletal and joint dysplasia (e.g., OSTEOARTHRITIS;<br>Blount's disease); and malnutrition (e.g., RICKETS; FLUORIDE<br>POISONING).",""],["Femoracetabular Impingement",2388,0.0,"D057925","C05.550.384",0,"Description: A pathological mechanical process that can lead to<br>hip failure. It is caused by abnormalities of the ACETABULUM<br>and/or FEMUR combined with rigorous hip motion, leading to<br>repetitive collisions that damage the soft tissue structures.",""],["Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome",78,0.0,"D058923","C05.651.426",0,"Description: SKELETAL MUSCLE pain and tenderness along the<br>posteromedial TIBIA resulting from exercise such as running and<br>other physical activity.",""],["Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw",1602,0.0,"D059266","C05.500.086",0,"Description: Necrotic jaws or other maxillofacial skeleton<br>necrosis associated with bisphosphonate use (see<br>BISPHOSPHONATES). Injury, dental procedures, and trauma can<br>trigger the necrotic process.",""],["Musculoskeletal Pain",3739,0.1,"D059352","C05.651.538",0,"Description: Discomfort stemming from muscles, LIGAMENTS,<br>tendons, and bones.",""],["Coxa Valga",64,0.0,"D060906","C05.116.327",0,"Description: Hip deformity in which the angle between the femoral<br>neck and its shaft is increased. It may be congenital, acquired,<br>or developmental.",""],["Myalgia",1453,0.0,"D063806","C05.651.542",0,"Description: Painful sensation in the muscles.",""],["Pectus Carinatum",138,0.0,"D066166","C05.182.525",0,"Description: A developmental anomaly characterized by abnormal<br>anterior protrusion of the STERNUM and adjacent COSTAL CARTILAGE.",""],["Pectus Carinatum",138,0.0,"D066166","C05.660.745",0,"Description: A developmental anomaly characterized by abnormal<br>anterior protrusion of the STERNUM and adjacent COSTAL CARTILAGE.",""],["Foot Deformities",23590,0.3,"D005530","C05.330",22,"Description: Alterations or deviations from normal shape or size<br>which result in a disfigurement of the foot.",""],["Musculoskeletal Abnormalities",108778,1.6,"D009139","C05.660",75,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities and deformities<br>of the musculoskeletal system.",""],["Bone Diseases",581921,8.4,"D001847","C05.116",185,"Description: Diseases of BONES.",""],["Foot Diseases",12945,0.2,"D005534","C05.360",6,"Description: Anatomical and functional disorders affecting the<br>foot.",""],["Joint Diseases",468574,6.8,"D007592","C05.550",86,"Description: Diseases involving the JOINTS.",""],["Muscular Diseases",192098,2.8,"D009135","C05.651",77,"Description: Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of<br>SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.",""],["Rheumatic Diseases",245133,3.6,"D012216","C05.799",20,"Description: Disorders of connective tissue, especially the<br>joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation,<br>degeneration, or metabolic derangement.",""],["Jaw Diseases",105269,1.5,"D007571","C05.500",31,"Description: Diseases involving the JAW.",""],["Cartilage Diseases",12138,0.2,"D002357","C05.182",9,"Description: Pathological processes involving the chondral tissue<br>(CARTILAGE).",""],["Fasciitis",7053,0.1,"D005208","C05.321",2,"Description: Inflammation of the fascia. There are three major<br>types: 1, Eosinophilic fasciitis, an inflammatory reaction with<br>eosinophilia, producing hard thickened skin with an orange-peel<br>configuration suggestive of scleroderma and considered by some a<br>variant of scleroderma; 2, Necrotizing fasciitis (FASCIITIS,<br>NECROTIZING), a serious fulminating infection (usually by a beta<br>hemolytic streptococcus) causing extensive necrosis of<br>superficial fascia; 3, Nodular/Pseudosarcomatous /Proliferative<br>fasciitis, characterized by a rapid growth of fibroblasts with<br>mononuclear inflammatory cells and proliferating capillaries in<br>soft tissue, often the forearm; it is not malignant but is<br>sometimes mistaken for fibrosarcoma.",""],["Hand Deformities",5895,0.1,"D006226","C05.390",2,"Description: Alterations or deviations from normal shape or size<br>which result in a disfigurement of the hand.",""],["Musculoskeletal Diseases",1776312,25.8,"D009140","C05",526,"Description: Diseases of the muscles and their associated<br>ligaments and other connective tissue and of the bones and<br>cartilage viewed collectively.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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60","C05.550","C05.651","C05.799","C05.500","C05.182","C05.321","C05.390","C05"],"labels":["Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis","Spondylitis, Ankylosing","Talipes Cavus","Axial Spondyloarthritis","Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis","Acrocephalosyndactylia","Acrocephalosyndactylia","Clubfoot","Equinus Deformity","Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary","Flatfoot","Goldenhar Syndrome","Poland Syndrome","Spondylitis, Ankylosing","Arthritis, Psoriatic","Arthritis, Reactive","Fraser Syndrome","Talipes","Tarsal Coalition","Tarsal Coalition","Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia","X-Linked Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy","Spondylarthropathies","Axial Spondyloarthritis","Craniosynostoses","Syndactyly","Cherubism","Cleft Palate","Osteochondromatosis","Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic","Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic","Mandibulofacial Dysostosis","Goldenhar Syndrome","Hallermann's Syndrome","Hypertelorism","Mandibular Neoplasms","Maxillary Neoplasms","Melorheostosis","Micrognathism","Osteopetrosis","Osteopoikilosis","Palatal Neoplasms","Pierre Robin Syndrome","Prognathism","Radicular Cyst","Scheuermann Disease","Spondylolisthesis","Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome","Thanatophoric Dysplasia","Thanatophoric Dysplasia","Arthritis, Psoriatic","Arthritis, Reactive","Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic","Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype","Osteoarthritis, Spine","Sarcoglycanopathies","Retrognathia","Foot Deformities, Congenital","Talipes Cavus","Talipes Cavus","Synostosis","Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy","Salter-Harris Fractures","Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone","Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip","Muscular Dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss","Spondylarthritis","Spondylarthropathies","Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis","Achondroplasia","Achondroplasia","Acrocephalosyndactylia","Acrocephalosyndactylia","Acrocephalosyndactylia","Acrocephalosyndactylia","Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome","Caplan Syndrome","Chondrodysplasia Punctata","Jaw Abnormalities","Cleidocranial Dysplasia","Clubfoot","Clubfoot","Cockayne Syndrome","Colles' Fracture","Craniofacial Dysostosis","Congenital Hypothyroidism","Decalcification, Pathologic","Dentigerous Cyst","Dermatomyositis","Camurati-Engelmann Syndrome","Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal","DiGeorge Syndrome","Dwarfism, Pituitary","Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome","Enchondromatosis","Equinus Deformity","Equinus Deformity","Osteochondroma","Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary","Felty Syndrome","Flatfoot","Flatfoot","Focal Dermal Hypoplasia","Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII","Mandibulofacial Dysostosis","Hallermann's Syndrome","Hand Deformities, Congenital","Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna","Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital","Hypertelorism","Jaw Neoplasms","Kearns-Sayre Syndrome","Klippel-Feil Syndrome","Kyphosis","Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease","Lordosis","Mastoiditis","Osteosclerosis","Monteggia's Fracture","Myotonic Dystrophy","Nose Neoplasms","Orbital Neoplasms","Orofaciodigital Syndromes","Osteogenesis Imperfecta","Osteolysis, Essential","Osteomalacia","Periodontal Cyst","Poland Syndrome","Poland Syndrome","Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism","Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder","Rheumatic Nodule","Rheumatoid Nodule","Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","Scheuermann Disease","Scheuermann Disease","Scoliosis","Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome","Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome","Sjogren's Syndrome","Spondylitis, Ankylosing","Spondylolysis","Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular","Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular","Temporomandibular Joint Disorders","Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome","Tennis Elbow","Tuberculosis, Spinal","Tuberculosis, Spinal","Wissler's Syndrome","Osteoarthritis, Hip","Arthritis, Gouty","Arthritis, Gouty","Discitis","Discitis","Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal","Langer-Giedion Syndrome","Still's Disease, Adult-Onset","Arthritis, Reactive","MELAS Syndrome","MERRF Syndrome","Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying","Skull Base Neoplasms","Acquired Hyperostosis Syndrome","Osteoarthritis, Knee","Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne","Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral","Acro-Osteolysis","Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome","Heel Spur","Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal","Laron Syndrome","Pubic Symphysis Diastasis","Plagiocephaly, Nonsynostotic","Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle","Distal Myopathies","Mulibrey Nanism","Bunion, Tailor's","Trigger Finger Disorder","Rickets, Hypophosphatemic","De Quervain Disease","Osteophyte","Pallister-Hall Syndrome","Osteoarthritis, Spine","Osteoarthritis, Spine","Rheumatoid Vasculitis","Weill-Marchesani Syndrome","Kashin-Beck Disease","Fraser Syndrome","Fraser Syndrome","Pycnodysostosis","Petrositis","Pott Puffy Tumor","Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses","Coxa Vara","Coxa Valga","Dentofacial Deformities","Hemimegalencephaly","Porencephaly","Talipes","Talipes","Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital","Dysostoses","Tarsal Coalition","Tarsal Coalition","Morton Neuroma","Morton Neuroma","Diastasis, Muscle","Diastasis, Bone","Elbow Tendinopathy","Chondrocalcinosis","Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy","Enthesopathy","Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath","Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath","Bunion","Fibromatosis, Plantar","Fracture Dislocation","Osteochondrodysplasias","Hip Dislocation","Muscular Dystrophies","Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome","Spondylitis","Axial Spondyloarthritis","Spondylarthritis","Dwarfism","Craniosynostoses","Syndactyly","Craniosynostoses","Syndactyly","Acromegaly","Ainhum","Anterior Compartment Syndrome","Arthritis, Experimental","Arthritis, Infectious","Arthritis, Juvenile","Arthritis, Rheumatoid","Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome","Odontogenic Cysts","Caplan Syndrome","Chondrocalcinosis","Cleft Palate","Maxillofacial Abnormalities","Cleidocranial Dysplasia","Craniofacial Dysostosis","Congenital Hypothyroidism","Bone Demineralization, Pathologic","Polymyositis","Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal","Spinal Osteophytosis","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","Dupuytren Contracture","Dwarfism, Pituitary","Ectromelia","Exostoses","Felty Syndrome","Femoral Neoplasms","Femur Head Necrosis","Funnel Chest","Gigantism","Gigantism","Gout","Gout","Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital","Hip Contracture","Hip Contracture","Hip Dislocation, Congenital","Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna","Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital","Intervertebral Disc Displacement","Skull Neoplasms","Jaw, Edentulous, Partially","Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External","Spinal Curvatures","Leg Length Inequality","Mandibular Neoplasms","Mandibular Neoplasms","Marfan Syndrome","Osteomyelitis","Maxillary Neoplasms","Maxillary Neoplasms","Microcephaly","Micrognathism","Mucolipidoses","Myoglobinuria","Myositis Ossificans","Myotonic Dystrophy","Myotonia Congenita","Nonodontogenic Cysts","Noonan Syndrome","Orofaciodigital Syndromes","Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica","Osteoarthritis","Osteochondritis Dissecans","Osteolysis","Osteolysis, Essential","Rickets","Osteoporosis","Palatal Neoplasms","Periarthritis","Periarthritis","Periostitis","Pierre Robin Syndrome","Platybasia","Platybasia","Platybasia","Prognathism","Prognathism","Pseudohypoparathyroidism","Rheumatic Fever","Rheumatic Nodule","Rheumatoid Nodule","Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","Spinal Osteochondrosis","Spinal Osteochondrosis","Polydactyly","Shoulder Dislocation","Sjogren's Syndrome","Spinal Neoplasms","Spinal Neoplasms","Spinal Stenosis","Spondylitis","Spondylosis","Craniomandibular Disorders","Temporomandibular Joint Disorders","Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome","Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome","Tenosynovitis","Thanatophoric Dysplasia","Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular","Wissler's Syndrome","Osteoarthritis, Hip","Arthritis, Gouty","Hyperostosis, Sternocostoclavicular","Arthritis, Psoriatic","Holoprosencephaly","Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome","Alveolar Bone Loss","Still's Disease, Adult-Onset","Proteus Syndrome","Proteus Syndrome","Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies","Myopathies, Nemaline","Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal","Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament","Myositis, Inclusion Body","Shoulder Pain","Osteoarthritis, Knee","Myopathy, Central Core","Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Periodic","Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis","Hallux Limitus","Hallux Rigidus","Acro-Osteolysis","Knee Dislocation","Patellar Dislocation","LEOPARD Syndrome","Plagiocephaly","Adamantinoma","Tendon Entrapment","Pyomyositis","Ischemic Contracture","Ischemic Contracture","Ischemic Contracture","Arachnodactyly","Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype","Posterior Cervical Sympathetic Syndrome","Osteoarthritis, Spine","Tracheomalacia","Bronchomalacia","Orbital Myositis","Loeys-Dietz Syndrome","Intervertebral Disc Degeneration","Rheumatoid Vasculitis","Costello Syndrome","Silver-Russell Syndrome","Donohue Syndrome","Sacroiliitis","Megalencephaly","Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw","Intra-Abdominal Hypertension","Brachydactyly","Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses","Bone Anteversion","Bone Retroversion","Retrognathia","Pectus Carinatum","Foot Deformities, Acquired","Foot Deformities, Congenital","Limb Deformities, Congenital","Metatarsal Valgus","Metatarsus Varus","Coxa Magna","Bone Diseases, Developmental","Synostosis","Metatarsalgia","Metatarsalgia","Joint Dislocations","Tendinopathy","Arthritis","Crystal Arthropathies","Synovitis","Fibromatosis, Plantar","Contracture","Myotoxicity","Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip","Muscular Disorders, Atrophic","Compartment Syndromes","Spinal Diseases","Ankylosis","Craniofacial Abnormalities","Bone Diseases, Endocrine","Bone Resorption","Arthritis, Juvenile","Arthritis, Rheumatoid","Arthrogryposis","Arthrogryposis","Arthrogryposis","Arthropathy, Neurogenic","Jaw Cysts","Bone Cysts","Bone Diseases, Infectious","Bone Diseases, Metabolic","Bone Neoplasms","Bursitis","Cherubism","Jaw Abnormalities","Contracture","Myositis","Hyperostosis","Eosinophilic Granuloma","Epiphyses, Slipped","Osteonecrosis","Fibromyalgia","Fibromyalgia","Funnel Chest","Gout","Granuloma, Giant Cell","Hallux Valgus","Hand Deformities, Acquired","Hand Deformities, Congenital","Hemarthrosis","Hydrarthrosis","Jaw Neoplasms","Jaw, Edentulous","Joint Instability","Joint Loose Bodies","Mitochondrial Myopathies","Klippel-Feil Syndrome","Mandibular Diseases","Maxillary Diseases","Muscle Cramp","Muscle Rigidity","Muscle Spasticity","Myofascial Pain Syndromes","Rhabdomyolysis","Myotonic Disorders","Nail-Patella Syndrome","Osteitis","Osteitis Deformans","Osteoarthritis","Osteoarthropathy, Primary Hypertrophic","Osteoarthropathy, Primary Hypertrophic","Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic","Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic","Osteochondritis","Osteochondritis","Paralyses, Familial Periodic","Polychondritis, Relapsing","Polymyalgia Rheumatica","Polymyalgia Rheumatica","Rheumatic Fever","Osteochondrosis","Temporomandibular Joint Disorders","Craniomandibular Disorders","Tietze's Syndrome","Hyperostosis, Sternocostoclavicular","Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic","Chondromatosis, Synovial","Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome","Joint Deformities, Acquired","Myopathies, Structural, Congenital","Bone Malalignment","Arthralgia","Muscle Weakness","Muscle Neoplasms","Fasciitis, Necrotizing","Shoulder Impingement Syndrome","Gastroschisis","Isaacs Syndrome","Hallux Limitus","Hallux Rigidus","Fasciitis, Plantar","Fasciitis, Plantar","Heel Spur","Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction","Hammer Toe Syndrome","Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome","Chondromalacia Patellae","Hallux Varus","Campomelic Dysplasia","Tracheobronchomalacia","Laryngomalacia","Genu Valgum","Genu Varum","Femoracetabular Impingement","Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome","Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw","Musculoskeletal Pain","Coxa Valga","Myalgia","Pectus Carinatum","Pectus Carinatum","Foot Deformities","Musculoskeletal Abnormalities","Bone Diseases","Foot Diseases","Joint Diseases","Muscular Diseases","Rheumatic Diseases","Jaw Diseases","Cartilage Diseases","Fasciitis","Hand Deformities","Musculoskeletal 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Gland Neoplasms",197,0.0,"D000694","C06.301.371.411.307.790.040.040",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the anal gland.",""],["Anal Gland Neoplasms",197,0.0,"D000694","C06.405.249.411.307.790.040.040",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the anal gland.",""],["Anal Gland Neoplasms",197,0.0,"D000694","C06.405.469.491.307.790.040.040",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the anal gland.",""],["Anal Gland Neoplasms",197,0.0,"D000694","C06.405.469.860.180.500.040.040",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the anal gland.",""],["Respiratory Aspiration of Gastric Contents",76,0.0,"D063466","C06.405.117.119.500.484.500.500",0,"Description: Inhaling refluxed gastric or duodenal contents.",""],["Colitis-Associated Neoplasms",120,0.0,"D000083023","C06.301.371.411.307.180.400",0,"Description: Colonic neoplasms associated with chronic<br>inflammation conditions such as ULCERATIVE COLITIS and CROHN<br>DISEASE.",""],["Colitis-Associated Neoplasms",120,0.0,"D000083023","C06.405.249.411.307.180.400",0,"Description: Colonic neoplasms associated with chronic<br>inflammation conditions such as ULCERATIVE COLITIS and CROHN<br>DISEASE.",""],["Colitis-Associated Neoplasms",120,0.0,"D000083023","C06.405.469.158.356.180.400",0,"Description: Colonic neoplasms associated with chronic<br>inflammation conditions such as ULCERATIVE COLITIS and CROHN<br>DISEASE.",""],["Colitis-Associated Neoplasms",120,0.0,"D000083023","C06.405.469.491.307.180.400",0,"Description: Colonic neoplasms associated with chronic<br>inflammation conditions such as ULCERATIVE COLITIS and CROHN<br>DISEASE.",""],["Anus Neoplasms",6851,0.0,"D001005","C06.301.371.411.307.790.040",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ANAL CANAL.",""],["Anus Neoplasms",6851,0.0,"D001005","C06.405.249.411.307.790.040",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ANAL CANAL.",""],["Anus Neoplasms",6851,0.0,"D001005","C06.405.469.491.307.790.040",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ANAL CANAL.",""],["Anal Gland Neoplasms",197,0.0,"D000694","C06.405.469.860.101.163.083",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the anal gland.",""],["Anus Neoplasms",6851,0.0,"D001005","C06.405.469.860.180.500.040",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ANAL CANAL.",""],["Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction",810,0.0,"D003112","C06.405.469.531.492.500.217",0,"Description: Functional obstruction of the COLON leading to<br>MEGACOLON in the absence of obvious COLONIC DISEASES or<br>mechanical obstruction. When this condition is acquired, acute,<br>and coexisting with another medical condition (trauma, surgery,<br>serious injuries or illness, or medication), it is called<br>Ogilvie's syndrome.",""],["Gardner Syndrome",549,0.0,"D005736","C06.301.371.411.307.090.500",0,"Description: A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by<br>mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is<br>characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic<br>polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the<br>FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI<br>tract.",""],["Gardner Syndrome",549,0.0,"D005736","C06.405.249.411.307.090.500",0,"Description: A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by<br>mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is<br>characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic<br>polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the<br>FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI<br>tract.",""],["Gardner Syndrome",549,0.0,"D005736","C06.405.469.158.356.090.500",0,"Description: A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by<br>mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is<br>characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic<br>polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the<br>FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI<br>tract.",""],["Gardner Syndrome",549,0.0,"D005736","C06.405.469.491.307.090.500",0,"Description: A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by<br>mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is<br>characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic<br>polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the<br>FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI<br>tract.",""],["Sigmoid Neoplasms",3696,0.0,"D012811","C06.301.371.411.307.180.800",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SIGMOID COLON.",""],["Sigmoid Neoplasms",3696,0.0,"D012811","C06.405.249.411.307.180.800",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SIGMOID COLON.",""],["Sigmoid Neoplasms",3696,0.0,"D012811","C06.405.469.158.356.180.800",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SIGMOID COLON.",""],["Sigmoid Neoplasms",3696,0.0,"D012811","C06.405.469.491.307.180.800",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SIGMOID COLON.",""],["Zenker Diverticulum",1108,0.0,"D016672","C06.405.205.282.750.625.900",0,"Description: A DIVERTICULUM at the upper end of the ESOPHAGUS<br>through the cricopharyngeal muscle at the junction of the PHARYNX<br>and the esophagus.",""],["Colitis, Collagenous",361,0.0,"D046729","C06.405.469.158.188.173.500",0,"Description: A subtype of MICROSCOPIC COLITIS, characterized by<br>chronic watery DIARRHEA of unknown origin, a normal COLONOSCOPY<br>but abnormal histopathology on BIOPSY. Microscopic examination of<br>biopsy samples taken from the COLON show larger-than-normal band<br>of subepithelial COLLAGEN.",""],["Colitis, Lymphocytic",212,0.0,"D046730","C06.405.469.158.188.173.750",0,"Description: A subtype of MICROSCOPIC COLITIS, characterized by<br>chronic watery DIARRHEA of unknown origin, a normal COLONOSCOPY<br>but abnormal histopathology on BIOPSY. Microscopic examination of<br>biopsy samples taken from the COLON show infiltration of<br>LYMPHOCYTES in the superficial EPITHELIUM and the underlying<br>connective tissue (lamina propria).",""],["Laryngopharyngeal Reflux",1027,0.0,"D057045","C06.405.117.119.500.484.500",1,"Description: Back flow of gastric contents to the LARYNGOPHARYNX<br>where it comes in contact with tissues of the upper aerodigestive<br>tract. Laryngopharyngeal reflux is an extraesophageal<br>manifestation of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX.",""],["Colonic Neoplasms",67470,0.3,"D003110","C06.301.371.411.307.180",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON.",""],["Colonic Neoplasms",67470,0.3,"D003110","C06.405.249.411.307.180",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON.",""],["Colonic Neoplasms",67470,0.3,"D003110","C06.405.469.158.356.180",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON.",""],["Colonic Neoplasms",67470,0.3,"D003110","C06.405.469.491.307.180",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON.",""],["Rectal Neoplasms",52167,0.3,"D012004","C06.301.371.411.307.790",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.",""],["Rectal Neoplasms",52167,0.3,"D012004","C06.405.249.411.307.790",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.",""],["Rectal Neoplasms",52167,0.3,"D012004","C06.405.469.491.307.790",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.",""],["Anus Neoplasms",6851,0.0,"D001005","C06.405.469.860.101.163",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ANAL CANAL.",""],["Rectal Neoplasms",52167,0.3,"D012004","C06.405.469.860.180.500",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.",""],["Appendiceal Neoplasms",3461,0.0,"D001063","C06.301.371.411.184.290",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the APPENDIX.",""],["Appendiceal Neoplasms",3461,0.0,"D001063","C06.405.249.411.184.290",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the APPENDIX.",""],["Appendiceal Neoplasms",3461,0.0,"D001063","C06.405.469.110.417.290",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the APPENDIX.",""],["Appendiceal Neoplasms",3461,0.0,"D001063","C06.405.469.491.184.290",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the APPENDIX.",""],["Colitis, Ulcerative",34128,0.2,"D003093","C06.405.469.158.188.231",0,"Description: Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly<br>confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA,<br>rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.",""],["Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction",810,0.0,"D003112","C06.405.469.158.272.217",0,"Description: Functional obstruction of the COLON leading to<br>MEGACOLON in the absence of obvious COLONIC DISEASES or<br>mechanical obstruction. When this condition is acquired, acute,<br>and coexisting with another medical condition (trauma, surgery,<br>serious injuries or illness, or medication), it is called<br>Ogilvie's syndrome.",""],["Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction",2984,0.0,"D007418","C06.405.469.531.492.500",1,"Description: A type of ILEUS, a functional not mechanical<br>obstruction of the INTESTINES. This syndrome is caused by a large<br>number of disorders involving the smooth muscles (MUSCLE, SMOOTH)<br>or the NERVOUS SYSTEM.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis",4703,0.0,"D003123","C06.301.371.411.307.190",0,"Description: A group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases in<br>which COLON CANCER arises in discrete adenomas. Unlike FAMILIAL<br>POLYPOSIS COLI with hundreds of polyps, hereditary nonpolyposis<br>colorectal neoplasms occur much later, in the fourth and fifth<br>decades. HNPCC has been associated with germline mutations in<br>mismatch repair (MMR) genes. It has been subdivided into Lynch<br>syndrome I or site-specific colonic cancer, and LYNCH SYNDROME II<br>which includes extracolonic cancer.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis",4703,0.0,"D003123","C06.405.249.411.307.190",0,"Description: A group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases in<br>which COLON CANCER arises in discrete adenomas. Unlike FAMILIAL<br>POLYPOSIS COLI with hundreds of polyps, hereditary nonpolyposis<br>colorectal neoplasms occur much later, in the fourth and fifth<br>decades. HNPCC has been associated with germline mutations in<br>mismatch repair (MMR) genes. It has been subdivided into Lynch<br>syndrome I or site-specific colonic cancer, and LYNCH SYNDROME II<br>which includes extracolonic cancer.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis",4703,0.0,"D003123","C06.405.469.158.356.190",0,"Description: A group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases in<br>which COLON CANCER arises in discrete adenomas. Unlike FAMILIAL<br>POLYPOSIS COLI with hundreds of polyps, hereditary nonpolyposis<br>colorectal neoplasms occur much later, in the fourth and fifth<br>decades. HNPCC has been associated with germline mutations in<br>mismatch repair (MMR) genes. It has been subdivided into Lynch<br>syndrome I or site-specific colonic cancer, and LYNCH SYNDROME II<br>which includes extracolonic cancer.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis",4703,0.0,"D003123","C06.405.469.491.307.190",0,"Description: A group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases in<br>which COLON CANCER arises in discrete adenomas. Unlike FAMILIAL<br>POLYPOSIS COLI with hundreds of polyps, hereditary nonpolyposis<br>colorectal neoplasms occur much later, in the fourth and fifth<br>decades. HNPCC has been associated with germline mutations in<br>mismatch repair (MMR) genes. It has been subdivided into Lynch<br>syndrome I or site-specific colonic cancer, and LYNCH SYNDROME II<br>which includes extracolonic cancer.",""],["Diverticulitis, Colonic",3491,0.0,"D004239","C06.405.205.282.500.250",0,"Description: Inflammation of the COLONIC DIVERTICULA, generally<br>with abscess formation and subsequent perforation.",""],["Diverticulitis, Colonic",3491,0.0,"D004239","C06.405.469.158.587.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the COLONIC DIVERTICULA, generally<br>with abscess formation and subsequent perforation.",""],["Diverticulum, Colon",2360,0.0,"D004241","C06.405.205.282.750.500",0,"Description: A pouch or sac opening from the COLON.",""],["Duodenal Ulcer",19083,0.1,"D004381","C06.405.469.275.800.348",0,"Description: A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM.",""],["Esophageal Achalasia",7074,0.0,"D004931","C06.405.117.119.500.432",0,"Description: A motility disorder of the ESOPHAGUS in which the<br>LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER (near the CARDIA) fails to relax<br>resulting in functional obstruction of the esophagus, and<br>DYSPHAGIA. Achalasia is characterized by a grossly contorted and<br>dilated esophagus (megaesophagus).",""],["Diverticulum, Esophageal",2808,0.0,"D004936","C06.405.205.282.750.625",1,"Description: Saccular protrusion beyond the wall of the<br>ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Esophagitis, Peptic",3833,0.0,"D004942","C06.405.469.275.800.523",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the ESOPHAGUS that is caused by the<br>reflux of GASTRIC JUICE with contents of the STOMACH and<br>DUODENUM.",""],["Fissure in Ano",1943,0.0,"D005401","C06.405.469.860.101.430",0,"Description: A painful linear tear at the margin of the anus. It<br>appears as a crack or slit in the mucous membrane of the anus and<br>is very painful and difficult to heal.",""],["Adenomatous Polyposis Coli",5614,0.0,"D011125","C06.301.371.411.307.090",1,"Description: A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant<br>mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The<br>syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of<br>ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected<br>individuals by early adulthood.",""],["Adenomatous Polyposis Coli",5614,0.0,"D011125","C06.405.249.411.307.090",1,"Description: A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant<br>mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The<br>syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of<br>ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected<br>individuals by early adulthood.",""],["Adenomatous Polyposis Coli",5614,0.0,"D011125","C06.405.469.158.356.090",1,"Description: A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant<br>mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The<br>syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of<br>ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected<br>individuals by early adulthood.",""],["Adenomatous Polyposis Coli",5614,0.0,"D011125","C06.405.469.491.307.090",1,"Description: A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant<br>mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The<br>syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of<br>ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected<br>individuals by early adulthood.",""],["Gardner Syndrome",549,0.0,"D005736","C06.405.469.578.249.393",0,"Description: A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by<br>mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is<br>characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic<br>polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the<br>FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI<br>tract.",""],["Gastroesophageal Reflux",24895,0.1,"D005764","C06.405.117.119.500.484",2,"Description: Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID)<br>and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the<br>distal ESOPHAGUS, commonly due to incompetence of the LOWER<br>ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER.",""],["Hepatitis, Infectious Canine",119,0.0,"D006522","C06.552.380.315.430.440",0,"Description: A contagious disease caused by canine adenovirus<br>(ADENOVIRUSES, CANINE) infecting the LIVER, the EYE, the KIDNEY,<br>and other organs in dogs, other canids, and bears. Symptoms<br>include FEVER; EDEMA; VOMITING; and DIARRHEA.",""],["Hirschsprung Disease",4582,0.0,"D006627","C06.405.469.158.701.439",0,"Description: Congenital MEGACOLON resulting from the absence of<br>ganglion cells (aganglionosis) in a distal segment of the LARGE<br>INTESTINE. The aganglionic segment is permanently contracted thus<br>causing dilatation proximal to it. In most cases, the aganglionic<br>segment is within the RECTUM and SIGMOID COLON.",""],["Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary",7503,0.0,"D008105","C06.130.120.135.250.250",0,"Description: FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to<br>obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or<br>extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS,<br>EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cholangitis involves the<br>destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and decreased bile<br>secretion. Secondary biliary cholangitis is produced by prolonged<br>obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from<br>a variety of causes.",""],["Meckel Diverticulum",3622,0.0,"D008467","C06.405.205.282.750.750",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality characterized by the<br>outpouching or sac formation in the ILEUM. It is a remnant of the<br>embryonic YOLK SAC in which the VITELLINE DUCT failed to close.",""],["Megacolon, Toxic",436,0.0,"D008532","C06.405.469.158.701.591",0,"Description: An acute form of MEGACOLON, severe pathological<br>dilatation of the COLON. It is associated with clinical<br>conditions such as ULCERATIVE COLITIS; CROHN DISEASE; AMEBIC<br>DYSENTERY; or CLOSTRIDIUM ENTEROCOLITIS.",""],["Peptic Ulcer Perforation",4853,0.0,"D010439","C06.405.469.275.800.698",0,"Description: Penetration of a PEPTIC ULCER through the wall of<br>DUODENUM or STOMACH allowing the leakage of luminal contents into<br>the PERITONEAL CAVITY.",""],["Plummer-Vinson Syndrome",259,0.0,"D011004","C06.405.117.119.500.742",0,"Description: A syndrome of DYSPHAGIA with IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA<br>that is due to congenital anomalies in the ESOPHAGUS (such as<br>cervical esophageal webs). It is known as Patterson-Kelly<br>syndrome in the United Kingdom.",""],["Proctocolitis",719,0.0,"D011350","C06.405.469.158.188.767",0,"Description: Inflammation of the RECTUM and the distal portion of<br>the COLON.",""],["Proctocolitis",719,0.0,"D011350","C06.405.469.158.850.790",0,"Description: Inflammation of the RECTUM and the distal portion of<br>the COLON.",""],["Proctocolitis",719,0.0,"D011350","C06.405.469.860.622.790",0,"Description: Inflammation of the RECTUM and the distal portion of<br>the COLON.",""],["Pruritus Ani",450,0.0,"D011538","C06.405.469.860.101.752",0,"Description: Intense chronic itching in the anal area.",""],["Rectovaginal Fistula",1194,0.0,"D012006","C06.405.469.471.600.650",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the RECTUM<br>and the VAGINA.",""],["Rectovaginal Fistula",1194,0.0,"D012006","C06.405.469.860.752.650",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the RECTUM<br>and the VAGINA.",""],["Rift Valley Fever",1265,0.0,"D012295","C06.552.380.315.430.812",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by the RIFT VALLEY FEVER<br>VIRUS, an RNA arthropod-borne virus, affecting domestic animals<br>and humans. In animals, symptoms include HEPATITIS; abortion<br>(ABORTION, VETERINARY); and DEATH. In humans, symptoms range from<br>those of a flu-like disease to hemorrhagic fever, ENCEPHALITIS,<br>or BLINDNESS.",""],["Sigmoid Neoplasms",3696,0.0,"D012811","C06.405.469.158.850.850",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SIGMOID COLON.",""],["Diverticulum, Stomach",469,0.0,"D013273","C06.405.205.282.750.687",0,"Description: Saccular, outward protrusion of all or a portion of<br>the wall of the STOMACH.",""],["Stomach Ulcer",19657,0.1,"D013276","C06.405.469.275.800.849",0,"Description: Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with<br>GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI<br>infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs<br>(NSAIDS).",""],["Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome",788,0.0,"D013478","C06.405.469.275.395.890",0,"Description: DUODENAL OBSTRUCTION by the superior mesenteric<br>artery (MESENTERIC ARTERY, SUPERIOR) which travels in the root of<br>the MESENTERY and crosses over the DUODENUM. The syndrome is<br>characterized by the dilated proximal duodenum and STOMACH,<br>bloating, ABDOMINAL CRAMPS, and VOMITING. Often it is observed in<br>patient with body casts after spinal surgery.",""],["Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome",2202,0.0,"D015043","C06.405.469.275.800.924",0,"Description: A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of<br>severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-<br>producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA).<br>This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE<br>ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.",""],["Esophageal Spasm, Diffuse",283,0.0,"D015155","C06.405.117.119.500.450",0,"Description: A hypermotility disorder of the ESOPHAGUS that is<br>characterized by spastic non-peristaltic responses to SWALLOWING;<br>CHEST PAIN; and DYSPHAGIA.",""],["Alagille Syndrome",663,0.0,"D016738","C06.130.120.135.250.125",0,"Description: A multisystem disorder that is characterized by<br>aplasia of intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC),<br>and malformations in the cardiovascular system, the eyes, the<br>vertebral column, and the facies. Major clinical features include<br>JAUNDICE, and congenital heart disease with peripheral PULMONARY<br>STENOSIS. Alagille syndrome may result from heterogeneous gene<br>mutations, including mutations in JAG1 on CHROMOSOME 20 (Type 1)<br>and NOTCH2 on CHROMOSOME 1 (Type 2).",""],["Colitis, Ischemic",1083,0.0,"D017091","C06.405.469.158.188.115",0,"Description: Inflammation of the COLON due to colonic ISCHEMIA<br>resulting from alterations in systemic circulation or local<br>vasculature.",""],["CREST Syndrome",258,0.0,"D017675","C06.405.117.119.500.204",0,"Description: A mild form of LIMITED SCLERODERMA, a multi-system<br>disorder. Its features include symptoms of CALCINOSIS; RAYNAUD<br>DISEASE; ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS; sclerodactyly, and<br>TELANGIECTASIS. When the defect in esophageal function is not<br>prominent, it is known as CRST syndrome.",""],["Pouchitis",833,0.0,"D019449","C06.405.205.462.624.500",0,"Description: Acute INFLAMMATION in the INTESTINAL MUCOSA of the<br>continent ileal reservoir (or pouch) in patients who have<br>undergone ILEOSTOMY and restorative proctocolectomy<br>(PROCTOCOLECTOMY, RESTORATIVE).",""],["Pouchitis",833,0.0,"D019449","C06.405.469.326.875.500",0,"Description: Acute INFLAMMATION in the INTESTINAL MUCOSA of the<br>continent ileal reservoir (or pouch) in patients who have<br>undergone ILEOSTOMY and restorative proctocolectomy<br>(PROCTOCOLECTOMY, RESTORATIVE).",""],["Pouchitis",833,0.0,"D019449","C06.405.469.420.520.500",0,"Description: Acute INFLAMMATION in the INTESTINAL MUCOSA of the<br>continent ileal reservoir (or pouch) in patients who have<br>undergone ILEOSTOMY and restorative proctocolectomy<br>(PROCTOCOLECTOMY, RESTORATIVE).",""],["Hepatitis B, Chronic",18726,0.1,"D019694","C06.552.380.705.437.100",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily<br>transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of<br>contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted<br>via sexual or intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepatitis C, Chronic",28766,0.1,"D019698","C06.552.380.705.440.120",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused<br>by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic<br>hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Hepatitis D, Chronic",311,0.0,"D019701","C06.552.380.705.450.100",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS in conjunction with HEPATITIS B VIRUS and<br>lasting six months or more.",""],["Emphysematous Cholecystitis",153,0.0,"D041882","C06.130.564.263.500.500",0,"Description: A variant of acute cholecystitis with inflammation<br>of the GALLBLADDER that is characterized by the pockets of gas in<br>the gallbladder wall. It is due to secondary infection caused by<br>gas-forming organisms, and has a high risk of perforation.",""],["Irritable Bowel Syndrome",8723,0.0,"D043183","C06.405.469.158.272.608",0,"Description: A disorder with chronic or recurrent colonic<br>symptoms without a clearcut etiology. This condition is<br>characterized by chronic or recurrent ABDOMINAL PAIN, bloating,<br>MUCUS in FECES, and an erratic disturbance of DEFECATION.",""],["Diverticulosis, Esophageal",90,0.0,"D045723","C06.405.205.282.500.438",0,"Description: A pathological condition characterized by the<br>presence of a number of ESOPHAGEAL DIVERTICULA in the ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Diverticulosis, Stomach",4,0.0,"D045724","C06.405.205.282.500.625",0,"Description: A pathological condition characterized by the<br>presence of a number of GASTRIC DIVERTICULA in the STOMACH.",""],["Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic",750,0.0,"D046248","C06.405.748.340.690.500",0,"Description: Narrowing of the pyloric canal due to HYPERTROPHY of<br>the surrounding circular muscle. It is usually seen in infants or<br>young children.",""],["Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction",171,0.0,"D046628","C06.130.120.250.098.800",0,"Description: Organic or functional motility disorder involving<br>the SPHINCTER OF ODDI and associated with biliary COLIC.<br>Pathological changes are most often seen in the COMMON BILE DUCT<br>sphincter, and less commonly the PANCREATIC DUCT sphincter.",""],["Colitis, Microscopic",1065,0.0,"D046728","C06.405.469.158.188.173",2,"Description: A condition characterized by chronic watery DIARRHEA<br>of unknown origin, a normal COLONOSCOPY but abnormal<br>histopathology on BIOPSY. This syndrome was first described in<br>1980 by Read and associates. Subtypes include COLLAGENOUS COLITIS<br>and LYMPHOCYTIC COLITIS. Both have similar clinical symptoms and<br>are distinguishable only by histology.",""],["Colitis, Collagenous",361,0.0,"D046729","C06.405.205.265.173.500",0,"Description: A subtype of MICROSCOPIC COLITIS, characterized by<br>chronic watery DIARRHEA of unknown origin, a normal COLONOSCOPY<br>but abnormal histopathology on BIOPSY. Microscopic examination of<br>biopsy samples taken from the COLON show larger-than-normal band<br>of subepithelial COLLAGEN.",""],["Colitis, Lymphocytic",212,0.0,"D046730","C06.405.205.265.173.750",0,"Description: A subtype of MICROSCOPIC COLITIS, characterized by<br>chronic watery DIARRHEA of unknown origin, a normal COLONOSCOPY<br>but abnormal histopathology on BIOPSY. Microscopic examination of<br>biopsy samples taken from the COLON show infiltration of<br>LYMPHOCYTES in the superficial EPITHELIUM and the underlying<br>connective tissue (lamina propria).",""],["Massive Hepatic Necrosis",212,0.0,"D047508","C06.552.308.500.750.500",0,"Description: Extensive and rapid death of parenchymal cells in<br>the LIVER, often due to exposure to toxic materials or drug-<br>induced injury. It is characterized by a soft, flabby, yellow-<br>brown wrinkled, and shrunken liver. It was called \"acute yellow<br>atrophy\".",""],["Typhlitis",142,0.0,"D053706","C06.405.205.596.750.500",0,"Description: Necrotizing inflammation of the CECUM (\"typhlon\" in<br>Greek), sometimes spreading to the APPENDIX and/or the ILEUM.<br>Symptoms include ABDOMINAL PAIN and DIARRHEA. Its pathogenesis is<br>multifactorial. Typhlitis is often associated with NEUTROPENIA<br>and chemotherapy in immunocompromised individuals<br>(IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST).",""],["Neurogenic Bowel",225,0.0,"D055496","C06.405.469.158.272.804",0,"Description: Loss or absence of normal intestinal function due to<br>nerve damage or birth defects. It is characterized by the<br>inability to control the elimination of stool from the body.",""],["Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure",1356,0.0,"D065290","C06.552.308.500.750.249",0,"Description: Sudden liver failure in the presence of underlying<br>compensated chronic LIVER DISEASE (e.g., LIVER CIRRHOSIS;<br>HEPATITIS; and liver injury and failure) due to a precipitating<br>acute hepatic insult.",""],["Meconium Ileus",43,0.0,"D000074270","C06.405.469.531.788",0,"Description: Intestinal obstruction caused by congealed MECONIUM<br>in the distal ILEUM and CECUM. It presents shortly after birth as<br>a failure to pass meconium and frequently occurs in infants with<br>CYSTIC FIBROSIS.",""],["Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma",2759,0.0,"D000077277","C06.301.371.205.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on<br>the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor<br>cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid<br>lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes<br>are associated with this cancer.",""],["Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma",2759,0.0,"D000077277","C06.405.117.430.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on<br>the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor<br>cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid<br>lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes<br>are associated with this cancer.",""],["Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma",2759,0.0,"D000077277","C06.405.249.205.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on<br>the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor<br>cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid<br>lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes<br>are associated with this cancer.",""],["Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction",29,0.0,"D000080222","C06.130.120.250.640",0,"Description: A group of anatomical variations in which the COMMON<br>BILE DUCT and MAIN PANCREATIC DUCT are joined outside the<br>duodenal wall often with abnormally long common channel rather<br>than at the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.",""],["Autoimmune Pancreatitis",199,0.0,"D000081012","C06.689.750.830.500",0,"Description: Chronic pancreatitis associated with autoimmune<br>diseases.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms",237565,1.2,"D015179","C06.301.371.411.307",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both.<br>Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE<br>COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and<br>irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms",237565,1.2,"D015179","C06.405.249.411.307",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both.<br>Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE<br>COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and<br>irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms",185398,0.9,"D015179","C06.405.469.158.356",6,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both.<br>Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE<br>COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and<br>irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms",237565,1.2,"D015179","C06.405.469.491.307",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both.<br>Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE<br>COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and<br>irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.",""],["Afferent Loop Syndrome",310,0.0,"D000343","C06.405.469.531.099",0,"Description: A complication of gastrojejunostomy (BILLROTH II<br>PROCEDURE), a reconstructive GASTROENTEROSTOMY. It is caused by<br>acute (complete) or chronic (intermittent) obstruction of the<br>afferent jejunal loop due to HERNIA, intussusception, kinking,<br>VOLVULUS, etc. It is characterized by PAIN and VOMITING of BILE-<br>stained fluid.",""],["Anus Diseases",13202,0.1,"D001004","C06.405.469.860.101",4,"Description: Diseases involving the ANUS.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms",159778,0.8,"D015179","C06.405.469.860.180",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both.<br>Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE<br>COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and<br>irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.",""],["Cecal Neoplasms",5410,0.0,"D002430","C06.301.371.411.184",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the CECUM.",""],["Cecal Neoplasms",5410,0.0,"D002430","C06.405.249.411.184",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the CECUM.",""],["Cecal Neoplasms",5410,0.0,"D002430","C06.405.469.110.417",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the CECUM.",""],["Cecal Neoplasms",5410,0.0,"D002430","C06.405.469.491.184",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the CECUM.",""],["Appendicitis",18525,0.1,"D001064","C06.405.469.110.207",0,"Description: Acute inflammation of the APPENDIX. Acute<br>appendicitis is classified as simple, gangrenous, or perforated.",""],["Balantidiasis",309,0.0,"D001447","C06.405.469.452.146",0,"Description: Infection by parasites of the genus BALANTIDIUM. The<br>presence of Balantidium in the LARGE INTESTINE leads to DIARRHEA;<br>DYSENTERY; and occasionally ULCER.",""],["Cholestasis, Extrahepatic",2637,0.0,"D001651","C06.130.120.135.150",0,"Description: Impairment of bile flow in the large BILE DUCTS by<br>mechanical obstruction or stricture due to benign or malignant<br>processes.",""],["Bile Reflux",533,0.0,"D001655","C06.405.748.240.140",0,"Description: Retrograde bile flow. Reflux of bile can be from the<br>duodenum to the stomach (DUODENOGASTRIC REFLUX); to the esophagus<br>(GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX); or to the PANCREAS.",""],["Biliary Dyskinesia",1079,0.0,"D001657","C06.130.120.250.098",1,"Description: A motility disorder characterized by biliary COLIC,<br>absence of GALLSTONES, and an abnormal GALLBLADDER ejection<br>fraction. It is caused by gallbladder dyskinesia and/or SPHINCTER<br>OF ODDI DYSFUNCTION.",""],["Blind Loop Syndrome",411,0.0,"D001765","C06.405.469.637.145",0,"Description: A malabsorption syndrome that is associated with a<br>blind loop in the upper SMALL INTESTINE that is characterized by<br>the lack of peristaltic movement, stasis of INTESTINAL CONTENTS,<br>and the overgrowth of BACTERIA. Such bacterial overgrowth<br>interferes with BILE SALTS action, FATTY ACIDS processing,<br>MICROVILLI integrity, and the ABSORPTION of nutrients such as<br>VITAMIN B12 and FOLIC ACID.",""],["Celiac Disease",20806,0.1,"D002446","C06.405.469.637.250",0,"Description: A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the<br>ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and<br>barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL<br>INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL<br>ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.",""],["Cholestasis, Intrahepatic",12342,0.1,"D002780","C06.130.120.135.250",2,"Description: Impairment of bile flow due to injury to the<br>HEPATOCYTES; BILE CANALICULI; or the intrahepatic bile ducts<br>(BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC).",""],["Colitis",57183,0.3,"D003092","C06.405.469.158.188",6,"Description: Inflammation of the COLON section of the large<br>intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as<br>DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.",""],["Colitis, Ulcerative",34128,0.2,"D003093","C06.405.205.265.231",0,"Description: Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly<br>confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA,<br>rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.",""],["Colitis, Ulcerative",34128,0.2,"D003093","C06.405.205.731.249",0,"Description: Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly<br>confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA,<br>rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.",""],["Colitis, Ulcerative",34128,0.2,"D003093","C06.405.469.432.249",0,"Description: Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly<br>confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA,<br>rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.",""],["Colonic Diseases, Functional",13147,0.1,"D003109","C06.405.469.158.272",3,"Description: Chronic or recurrent colonic disorders without an<br>identifiable structural or biochemical explanation. The widely<br>recognized IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME falls into this category.",""],["Ileus",5550,0.0,"D045823","C06.405.469.531.492",2,"Description: A condition caused by the lack of intestinal<br>PERISTALSIS or INTESTINAL MOTILITY without any mechanical<br>obstruction. This interference of the flow of INTESTINAL CONTENTS<br>often leads to INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION. Ileus may be classified<br>into postoperative, inflammatory, metabolic, neurogenic, and<br>drug-induced.",""],["Common Bile Duct Neoplasms",3636,0.0,"D003138","C06.130.120.120.280",0,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the COMMON BILE DUCT including<br>the AMPULLA OF VATER and the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.",""],["Common Bile Duct Neoplasms",3636,0.0,"D003138","C06.130.120.250.280",0,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the COMMON BILE DUCT including<br>the AMPULLA OF VATER and the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.",""],["Common Bile Duct Neoplasms",3636,0.0,"D003138","C06.130.320.120.280",0,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the COMMON BILE DUCT including<br>the AMPULLA OF VATER and the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.",""],["Common Bile Duct Neoplasms",3636,0.0,"D003138","C06.301.120.250.250",0,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the COMMON BILE DUCT including<br>the AMPULLA OF VATER and the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.",""],["Crohn Disease",38732,0.2,"D003424","C06.405.205.731.500",0,"Description: A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve<br>any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found<br>in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the<br>inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the<br>MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and<br>segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.",""],["Crohn Disease",38732,0.2,"D003424","C06.405.469.432.500",0,"Description: A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve<br>any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found<br>in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the<br>inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the<br>MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and<br>segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.",""],["Cryptosporidiosis",5504,0.0,"D003457","C06.405.469.452.269",0,"Description: Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus<br>CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms<br>include severe DIARRHEA.",""],["Hepatitis D",2241,0.0,"D003699","C06.552.380.705.450",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS, a defective RNA virus that can only infect<br>HEPATITIS B patients. For its viral coating, hepatitis delta<br>virus requires the HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS produced by these<br>patients. Hepatitis D can occur either concomitantly with<br>(coinfection) or subsequent to (superinfection) hepatitis B<br>infection. Similar to hepatitis B, it is primarily transmitted by<br>parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or<br>blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or<br>intimate personal contact.",""],["Vipoma",340,0.0,"D003969","C06.301.761.500.750",0,"Description: A tumor that secretes VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE,<br>a neuropeptide that causes VASODILATION; relaxation of smooth<br>muscles; watery DIARRHEA; HYPOKALEMIA; and HYPOCHLORHYDRIA.<br>Vipomas, derived from the pancreatic ISLET CELLS, generally are<br>malignant and can secrete other hormones. In most cases, Vipomas<br>are located in the PANCREAS but can be found in extrapancreatic<br>sites.",""],["Vipoma",340,0.0,"D003969","C06.689.667.500.750",0,"Description: A tumor that secretes VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE,<br>a neuropeptide that causes VASODILATION; relaxation of smooth<br>muscles; watery DIARRHEA; HYPOKALEMIA; and HYPOCHLORHYDRIA.<br>Vipomas, derived from the pancreatic ISLET CELLS, generally are<br>malignant and can secrete other hormones. In most cases, Vipomas<br>are located in the PANCREAS but can be found in extrapancreatic<br>sites.",""],["Dientamoebiasis",163,0.0,"D004030","C06.405.469.452.275",0,"Description: Gastrointestinal infection with organisms of the<br>genus DIENTAMOEBA.",""],["Diverticulitis",6632,0.0,"D004238","C06.405.205.282.500",3,"Description: Inflammation of a DIVERTICULUM or diverticula.",""],["Diverticulosis, Colonic",4200,0.0,"D043963","C06.405.469.158.587",1,"Description: A pathological condition characterized by the<br>presence of a number of COLONIC DIVERTICULA in the COLON. Its<br>pathogenesis is multifactorial, including colon aging, motor<br>dysfunction, increases in intraluminal pressure, and lack of<br>dietary fibers.",""],["Diverticulum",18375,0.1,"D004240","C06.405.205.282.750",5,"Description: A pouch or sac developed from a tubular or saccular<br>organ, such as the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Dumping Syndrome",1360,0.0,"D004377","C06.405.748.630.310",0,"Description: Gastrointestinal symptoms resulting from an absent<br>or nonfunctioning pylorus.",""],["Duodenal Neoplasms",6578,0.0,"D004379","C06.301.371.411.445",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the DUODENUM.",""],["Duodenal Neoplasms",6578,0.0,"D004379","C06.405.249.411.445",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the DUODENUM.",""],["Duodenal Neoplasms",6578,0.0,"D004379","C06.405.469.275.270",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the DUODENUM.",""],["Duodenal Neoplasms",6578,0.0,"D004379","C06.405.469.491.445",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the DUODENUM.",""],["Duodenal Obstruction",3914,0.0,"D004380","C06.405.469.275.395",1,"Description: Hindrance of the passage of luminal contents in the<br>DUODENUM. Duodenal obstruction can be partial or complete, and<br>caused by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Simple obstruction is<br>associated with diminished or stopped flow of luminal contents.<br>Strangulating obstruction is associated with impaired blood flow<br>to the duodenum in addition to obstructed flow of luminal<br>contents.",""],["Duodenal Obstruction",3126,0.0,"D004380","C06.405.469.531.311",0,"Description: Hindrance of the passage of luminal contents in the<br>DUODENUM. Duodenal obstruction can be partial or complete, and<br>caused by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Simple obstruction is<br>associated with diminished or stopped flow of luminal contents.<br>Strangulating obstruction is associated with impaired blood flow<br>to the duodenum in addition to obstructed flow of luminal<br>contents.",""],["Peptic Ulcer",76486,0.4,"D010437","C06.405.469.275.800",5,"Description: Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE<br>containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are<br>defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers<br>are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of<br>nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).",""],["Duodenal Ulcer",19083,0.1,"D004381","C06.405.748.586.349",0,"Description: A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM.",""],["Duodenitis",1181,0.0,"D004382","C06.405.205.462.249",0,"Description: Inflammation of the DUODENUM section of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL). Erosive duodenitis may cause<br>bleeding in the UPPER GI TRACT and PEPTIC ULCER.",""],["Duodenitis",1181,0.0,"D004382","C06.405.469.275.600",0,"Description: Inflammation of the DUODENUM section of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL). Erosive duodenitis may cause<br>bleeding in the UPPER GI TRACT and PEPTIC ULCER.",""],["Duodenitis",1181,0.0,"D004382","C06.405.469.326.750",0,"Description: Inflammation of the DUODENUM section of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL). Erosive duodenitis may cause<br>bleeding in the UPPER GI TRACT and PEPTIC ULCER.",""],["Duodenogastric Reflux",824,0.0,"D004383","C06.405.469.275.700",0,"Description: Retrograde flow of duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS;<br>PANCREATIC JUICE) into the STOMACH.",""],["Dysentery, Amebic",3842,0.0,"D004404","C06.405.205.331.312",0,"Description: DYSENTERY caused by intestinal amebic infection,<br>chiefly with ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA. This condition may be<br>associated with amebic infection of the LIVER and other distant<br>sites.",""],["Dysentery, Amebic",3842,0.0,"D004404","C06.405.469.300.312",0,"Description: DYSENTERY caused by intestinal amebic infection,<br>chiefly with ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA. This condition may be<br>associated with amebic infection of the LIVER and other distant<br>sites.",""],["Dysentery, Amebic",3842,0.0,"D004404","C06.405.469.452.396",0,"Description: DYSENTERY caused by intestinal amebic infection,<br>chiefly with ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA. This condition may be<br>associated with amebic infection of the LIVER and other distant<br>sites.",""],["Dysentery, Bacillary",6822,0.0,"D004405","C06.405.205.331.479",0,"Description: DYSENTERY caused by gram-negative rod-shaped enteric<br>bacteria (ENTEROBACTERIACEAE), most often by the genus SHIGELLA.<br>Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups<br>according to syndrome severity and the infectious species. Group<br>A: SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE (severest); Group B: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI;<br>Group C: SHIGELLA BOYDII; and Group D: SHIGELLA SONNEI (mildest).",""],["Dysentery, Bacillary",6822,0.0,"D004405","C06.405.469.300.479",0,"Description: DYSENTERY caused by gram-negative rod-shaped enteric<br>bacteria (ENTEROBACTERIACEAE), most often by the genus SHIGELLA.<br>Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups<br>according to syndrome severity and the infectious species. Group<br>A: SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE (severest); Group B: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI;<br>Group C: SHIGELLA BOYDII; and Group D: SHIGELLA SONNEI (mildest).",""],["Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous",6959,0.0,"D004761","C06.405.205.596.800",0,"Description: An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that<br>is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in<br>the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE<br>INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated<br>with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization.",""],["Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous",6959,0.0,"D004761","C06.405.469.363.800",0,"Description: An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that<br>is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in<br>the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE<br>INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated<br>with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization.",""],["Esophageal Motility Disorders",34617,0.2,"D015154","C06.405.117.119.500",7,"Description: Disorders affecting the motor function of the UPPER<br>ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; the ESOPHAGUS<br>body, or a combination of these parts. The failure of the<br>sphincters to maintain a tonic pressure may result in gastric<br>reflux of food and acid into the esophagus (GASTROESOPHAGEAL<br>REFLUX). Other disorders include hypermotility (spastic<br>disorders) and markedly increased amplitude in contraction<br>(nutcracker esophagus).",""],["Esophagitis, Peptic",3833,0.0,"D004942","C06.405.117.620.420",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the ESOPHAGUS that is caused by the<br>reflux of GASTRIC JUICE with contents of the STOMACH and<br>DUODENUM.",""],["Esophagitis, Peptic",3833,0.0,"D004942","C06.405.205.663.420",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the ESOPHAGUS that is caused by the<br>reflux of GASTRIC JUICE with contents of the STOMACH and<br>DUODENUM.",""],["Esophagitis, Peptic",3833,0.0,"D004942","C06.405.748.586.524",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the ESOPHAGUS that is caused by the<br>reflux of GASTRIC JUICE with contents of the STOMACH and<br>DUODENUM.",""],["Fecal Incontinence",7914,0.0,"D005242","C06.405.469.860.300",0,"Description: Failure of voluntary control of the anal sphincters,<br>with involuntary passage of feces and flatus.",""],["Fecal Impaction",818,0.0,"D005244","C06.405.469.531.424",0,"Description: Formation of a firm impassable mass of stool in the<br>RECTUM or distal COLON.",""],["Adenomatous Polyposis Coli",5614,0.0,"D011125","C06.405.469.578.249",1,"Description: A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant<br>mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The<br>syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of<br>ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected<br>individuals by early adulthood.",""],["Gastritis, Atrophic",2057,0.0,"D005757","C06.405.205.697.394",0,"Description: GASTRITIS with atrophy of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, the<br>GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS, and the mucosal glands leading to<br>ACHLORHYDRIA. Atrophic gastritis usually progresses from chronic<br>gastritis.",""],["Gastritis, Atrophic",2057,0.0,"D005757","C06.405.748.398.394",0,"Description: GASTRITIS with atrophy of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, the<br>GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS, and the mucosal glands leading to<br>ACHLORHYDRIA. Atrophic gastritis usually progresses from chronic<br>gastritis.",""],["Gastritis, Hypertrophic",615,0.0,"D005758","C06.405.205.697.410",0,"Description: GASTRITIS with HYPERTROPHY of the GASTRIC MUCOSA. It<br>is characterized by giant gastric folds, diminished acid<br>secretion, excessive MUCUS secretion, and HYPOPROTEINEMIA.<br>Symptoms include VOMITING; DIARRHEA; and WEIGHT LOSS.",""],["Gastritis, Hypertrophic",615,0.0,"D005758","C06.405.748.398.410",0,"Description: GASTRITIS with HYPERTROPHY of the GASTRIC MUCOSA. It<br>is characterized by giant gastric folds, diminished acid<br>secretion, excessive MUCUS secretion, and HYPOPROTEINEMIA.<br>Symptoms include VOMITING; DIARRHEA; and WEIGHT LOSS.",""],["Giardiasis",4804,0.0,"D005873","C06.405.469.452.481",0,"Description: An infection of the SMALL INTESTINE caused by the<br>flagellated protozoan GIARDIA. It is spread via contaminated food<br>and water and by direct person-to-person contact.",""],["Glucagonoma",600,0.0,"D005935","C06.301.761.500.249",0,"Description: An almost always malignant GLUCAGON-secreting tumor<br>derived from the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS. It is characterized by a<br>distinctive migratory ERYTHEMA; WEIGHT LOSS; STOMATITIS;<br>GLOSSITIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; hypoaminoacidemia; and normochromic<br>normocytic ANEMIA.",""],["Glucagonoma",600,0.0,"D005935","C06.689.667.500.249",0,"Description: An almost always malignant GLUCAGON-secreting tumor<br>derived from the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS. It is characterized by a<br>distinctive migratory ERYTHEMA; WEIGHT LOSS; STOMATITIS;<br>GLOSSITIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; hypoaminoacidemia; and normochromic<br>normocytic ANEMIA.",""],["Hemorrhoids",4770,0.0,"D006484","C06.405.469.860.401",0,"Description: Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or<br>ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the<br>skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to<br>outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not<br>exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain.",""],["Hepatic Encephalopathy",8889,0.0,"D006501","C06.552.308.500.356",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by central nervous system<br>dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-<br>systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION<br>(frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS,<br>PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and<br>decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor<br>plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY<br>may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of<br>Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)",""],["Hepatitis A",17991,0.1,"D006506","C06.552.380.705.422",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a<br>member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can<br>be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water.",""],["Hepatitis B",57223,0.3,"D006509","C06.552.380.705.437",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a<br>member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is<br>primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion<br>of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be<br>transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepatitis, Viral, Animal",2699,0.0,"D006524","C06.552.380.315.430",2,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in animals due to viral<br>infection.",""],["Hepatitis C",70081,0.3,"D006526","C06.552.380.705.440",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation<br>period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by<br>contaminated blood parenterally and is often associated with<br>transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant<br>number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.",""],["Megacolon",7549,0.0,"D008531","C06.405.469.158.701",2,"Description: Dilatation of the COLON, often to alarming<br>dimensions. There are various types of megacolon including<br>congenital megacolon in HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE, idiopathic<br>megacolon in CONSTIPATION, and TOXIC MEGACOLON.",""],["Ileal Neoplasms",2855,0.0,"D007078","C06.301.371.411.501",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the ILEUM region of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Ileal Neoplasms",2855,0.0,"D007078","C06.405.249.411.501",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the ILEUM region of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Ileal Neoplasms",2855,0.0,"D007078","C06.405.469.420.501",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the ILEUM region of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Ileal Neoplasms",2855,0.0,"D007078","C06.405.469.491.501",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the ILEUM region of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Ileitis",2976,0.0,"D007079","C06.405.205.462.624",1,"Description: Inflammation of any segment of the ILEUM and the<br>ILEOCECAL VALVE.",""],["Ileitis",2976,0.0,"D007079","C06.405.469.326.875",1,"Description: Inflammation of any segment of the ILEUM and the<br>ILEOCECAL VALVE.",""],["Ileitis",2976,0.0,"D007079","C06.405.469.420.520",1,"Description: Inflammation of any segment of the ILEUM and the<br>ILEOCECAL VALVE.",""],["Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease",188,0.0,"D007161","C06.301.371.411.512",0,"Description: A condition that is caused by HYPERPLASIA of<br>LYMPHOCYTES in the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL) and the<br>mesenteric LYMPH NODES. These lymphocytes produce an anomalous<br>alpha heavy chain protein. Generally, these IPSID patients have<br>either concurrent LYMPHOMA or develop lymphoma within a few<br>years. The disease was first described in the Mediterranean<br>region and is characterized by malabsorption; WEIGHT LOSS;<br>DIARRHEA; and STEATORRHEA.",""],["Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease",188,0.0,"D007161","C06.405.249.411.512",0,"Description: A condition that is caused by HYPERPLASIA of<br>LYMPHOCYTES in the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL) and the<br>mesenteric LYMPH NODES. These lymphocytes produce an anomalous<br>alpha heavy chain protein. Generally, these IPSID patients have<br>either concurrent LYMPHOMA or develop lymphoma within a few<br>years. The disease was first described in the Mediterranean<br>region and is characterized by malabsorption; WEIGHT LOSS;<br>DIARRHEA; and STEATORRHEA.",""],["Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease",188,0.0,"D007161","C06.405.469.491.505",0,"Description: A condition that is caused by HYPERPLASIA of<br>LYMPHOCYTES in the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL) and the<br>mesenteric LYMPH NODES. These lymphocytes produce an anomalous<br>alpha heavy chain protein. Generally, these IPSID patients have<br>either concurrent LYMPHOMA or develop lymphoma within a few<br>years. The disease was first described in the Mediterranean<br>region and is characterized by malabsorption; WEIGHT LOSS;<br>DIARRHEA; and STEATORRHEA.",""],["Insulinoma",3429,0.0,"D007340","C06.301.761.249.500",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS.<br>Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.",""],["Insulinoma",3429,0.0,"D007340","C06.689.667.249.500",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS.<br>Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.",""],["Intussusception",8270,0.0,"D007443","C06.405.469.531.577",0,"Description: A form of intestinal obstruction caused by the<br>PROLAPSE of a part of the intestine into the adjoining intestinal<br>lumen. There are four types: colic, involving segments of the<br>LARGE INTESTINE; enteric, involving only the SMALL INTESTINE;<br>ileocecal, in which the ILEOCECAL VALVE prolapses into the CECUM,<br>drawing the ILEUM along with it; and ileocolic, in which the<br>ileum prolapses through the ileocecal valve into the COLON.",""],["Jejunal Neoplasms",2208,0.0,"D007580","C06.301.371.411.523",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the JEJUNUM region of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Jejunal Neoplasms",2208,0.0,"D007580","C06.405.249.411.523",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the JEJUNUM region of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Jejunal Neoplasms",2208,0.0,"D007580","C06.405.469.491.523",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the JEJUNUM region of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Jejunal Neoplasms",2208,0.0,"D007580","C06.405.469.600.523",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the JEJUNUM region of the small<br>intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Lactose Intolerance",2380,0.0,"D007787","C06.405.469.637.506",0,"Description: The condition resulting from the absence or<br>deficiency of LACTASE in the MUCOSA cells of the GASTROINTESTINAL<br>TRACT, and the inability to break down LACTOSE in milk for<br>ABSORPTION. Bacterial fermentation of the unabsorbed lactose<br>leads to symptoms that range from a mild indigestion (DYSPEPSIA)<br>to severe DIARRHEA. Lactose intolerance may be an inborn error or<br>acquired.",""],["Whipple Disease",2203,0.0,"D008061","C06.405.469.637.925",0,"Description: A chronic systemic infection by a gram-positive<br>bacterium, Tropheryma whippelii, mainly affecting the SMALL<br>INTESTINE but also the JOINTS; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and the<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The disease is characterized by fat<br>deposits in the INTESTINAL MUCOSA and LYMPH NODES, malabsorption,<br>DIARRHEA with fatty stools, MALNUTRITION, and ARTHRITIS.",""],["Mallory-Weiss Syndrome",577,0.0,"D008309","C06.405.117.468.524",0,"Description: A condition characterized by mucosal tears at the<br>ESOPHAGOGASTRIC JUNCTION, sometimes with HEMATEMESIS. Typically<br>it is caused by forceful bouts of retching or VOMITING.",""],["Peptic Ulcer Perforation",4853,0.0,"D010439","C06.405.748.586.698",0,"Description: Penetration of a PEPTIC ULCER through the wall of<br>DUODENUM or STOMACH allowing the leakage of luminal contents into<br>the PERITONEAL CAVITY.",""],["Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome",1733,0.0,"D010580","C06.405.469.578.750",0,"Description: A hereditary disease caused by autosomal dominant<br>mutations involving CHROMOSOME 19. It is characterized by the<br>presence of INTESTINAL POLYPS, consistently in the JEJUNUM, and<br>mucocutaneous pigmentation with MELANIN spots of the lips, buccal<br>MUCOSA, and digits.",""],["Proctitis",2458,0.0,"D011349","C06.405.469.860.622",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the RECTUM,<br>the distal end of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).",""],["Proctocolitis",719,0.0,"D011350","C06.405.205.265.767",0,"Description: Inflammation of the RECTUM and the distal portion of<br>the COLON.",""],["Proctocolitis",719,0.0,"D011350","C06.405.205.865.790",0,"Description: Inflammation of the RECTUM and the distal portion of<br>the COLON.",""],["Sigmoid Diseases",7297,0.0,"D012810","C06.405.469.158.850",2,"Description: Pathological processes in the SIGMOID COLON region<br>of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).",""],["Pyloric Stenosis",3848,0.0,"D011707","C06.405.748.340.690",1,"Description: Narrowing of the pyloric canal with varied etiology.<br>A common form is due to muscle hypertrophy (PYLORIC STENOSIS,<br>HYPERTROPHIC) seen in infants.",""],["Rectal Fistula",5524,0.0,"D012003","C06.405.469.471.600",1,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage connecting the RECTUM<br>to the outside, with an orifice at the site of drainage.",""],["Rectal Fistula",5524,0.0,"D012003","C06.405.469.860.752",1,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage connecting the RECTUM<br>to the outside, with an orifice at the site of drainage.",""],["Rectal Prolapse",2570,0.0,"D012005","C06.405.469.860.800",0,"Description: Protrusion of the rectal mucous membrane through the<br>anus. There are various degrees: incomplete with no displacement<br>of the anal sphincter muscle; complete with displacement of the<br>anal sphincter muscle; complete with no displacement of the anal<br>sphincter muscle but with herniation of the bowel; and internal<br>complete with rectosigmoid or upper rectum intussusception into<br>the lower rectum.",""],["Rectovaginal Fistula",1194,0.0,"D012006","C06.267.550.600.650",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the RECTUM<br>and the VAGINA.",""],["Short Bowel Syndrome",2842,0.0,"D012778","C06.405.469.637.832",0,"Description: A malabsorption syndrome resulting from extensive<br>operative resection of the SMALL INTESTINE, the absorptive region<br>of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Somatostatinoma",264,0.0,"D013005","C06.301.761.500.500",0,"Description: A SOMATOSTATIN-secreting tumor derived from the<br>pancreatic delta cells (SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS). It is also<br>found in the INTESTINE. Somatostatinomas are associated with<br>DIABETES MELLITUS; CHOLELITHIASIS; STEATORRHEA; and<br>HYPOCHLORHYDRIA. The majority of somatostatinomas have the<br>potential for METASTASIS.",""],["Somatostatinoma",264,0.0,"D013005","C06.689.667.500.500",0,"Description: A SOMATOSTATIN-secreting tumor derived from the<br>pancreatic delta cells (SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS). It is also<br>found in the INTESTINE. Somatostatinomas are associated with<br>DIABETES MELLITUS; CHOLELITHIASIS; STEATORRHEA; and<br>HYPOCHLORHYDRIA. The majority of somatostatinomas have the<br>potential for METASTASIS.",""],["Sprue, Tropical",1304,0.0,"D013182","C06.405.469.637.850",0,"Description: A chronic malabsorption syndrome, occurring mainly<br>in residents of or visitors to the tropics or subtropics. The<br>failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION of nutrients from the SMALL<br>INTESTINE results in MALNUTRITION and ANEMIA that is due to FOLIC<br>ACID deficiency.",""],["Stomach Ulcer",19657,0.1,"D013276","C06.405.748.586.849",0,"Description: Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with<br>GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI<br>infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs<br>(NSAIDS).",""],["Tracheoesophageal Fistula",3289,0.0,"D014138","C06.405.117.367.725",0,"Description: Abnormal passage between the ESOPHAGUS and the<br>TRACHEA, acquired or congenital, often associated with ESOPHAGEAL<br>ATRESIA.",""],["Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome",2202,0.0,"D015043","C06.405.748.586.924",0,"Description: A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of<br>severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-<br>producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA).<br>This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE<br>ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.",""],["Cholangitis, Sclerosing",4261,0.0,"D015209","C06.130.120.200.110",0,"Description: Chronic inflammatory disease of the BILIARY TRACT.<br>It is characterized by fibrosis and hardening of the intrahepatic<br>and extrahepatic biliary ductal systems leading to bile duct<br>strictures, CHOLESTASIS, and eventual BILIARY CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Gastrinoma",772,0.0,"D015408","C06.301.761.500.124",0,"Description: A GASTRIN-secreting neuroendocrine tumor of the non-<br>beta ISLET CELLS, the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS. This type of tumor<br>is primarily located in the PANCREAS or the DUODENUM. Majority of<br>gastrinomas are malignant. They metastasize to the LIVER; LYMPH<br>NODES; and BONE but rarely elsewhere. The presence of gastrinoma<br>is one of three requirements to be met for identification of<br>ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME, which sometimes occurs in families<br>with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1; (MEN 1).",""],["Gastrinoma",772,0.0,"D015408","C06.689.667.500.124",0,"Description: A GASTRIN-secreting neuroendocrine tumor of the non-<br>beta ISLET CELLS, the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS. This type of tumor<br>is primarily located in the PANCREAS or the DUODENUM. Majority of<br>gastrinomas are malignant. They metastasize to the LIVER; LYMPH<br>NODES; and BONE but rarely elsewhere. The presence of gastrinoma<br>is one of three requirements to be met for identification of<br>ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME, which sometimes occurs in families<br>with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1; (MEN 1).",""],["Hepatitis E",4693,0.0,"D016751","C06.552.380.705.470",0,"Description: Acute INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans; caused by<br>HEPATITIS E VIRUS, a non-enveloped single-stranded RNA virus.<br>Similar to HEPATITIS A, its incubation period is 15-60 days and<br>is enterically transmitted, usually by fecal-oral transmission.",""],["Caroli Disease",396,0.0,"D016767","C06.130.120.127.500",0,"Description: Congenital cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic<br>bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC). It consists of 2 types:<br>simple Caroli disease is characterized by bile duct dilatation<br>(ectasia) alone; and complex Caroli disease is characterized by<br>bile duct dilatation with extensive hepatic fibrosis and portal<br>hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL). Benign renal tubular ectasia<br>is associated with both types of Caroli disease.",""],["Blastocystis Infections",834,0.0,"D016776","C06.405.469.452.250",0,"Description: Infections with organisms of the genus BLASTOCYSTIS.<br>The species B. hominis is responsible for most infections.<br>Parasitologic surveys have generally found small numbers of this<br>species in human stools, but higher positivity rates and organism<br>numbers in AIDS patients and other immunosuppressed patients<br>(IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST). Symptoms include ABDOMINAL PAIN;<br>DIARRHEA; CONSTIPATION; VOMITING; and FATIGUE.",""],["Colitis, Ischemic",1083,0.0,"D017091","C06.405.205.265.115",0,"Description: Inflammation of the COLON due to colonic ISCHEMIA<br>resulting from alterations in systemic circulation or local<br>vasculature.",""],["Liver Failure, Acute",7671,0.0,"D017114","C06.552.308.500.750",2,"Description: A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as<br>fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or<br>massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden<br>development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver<br>failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC<br>COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA,<br>drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such<br>as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C.",""],["Anisakiasis",769,0.0,"D017129","C06.405.469.452.060",0,"Description: Infection with roundworms of the genus ANISAKIS.<br>Human infection results from the consumption of fish harboring<br>roundworm larvae. The worms may cause acute NAUSEA; VOMITING; or<br>penetrate into the wall of the DIGESTIVE TRACT where they give<br>rise to EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA in the STOMACH; INTESTINES; or the<br>OMENTUM.",""],["Hepatitis, Autoimmune",4365,0.0,"D019693","C06.552.380.350.300",0,"Description: A chronic self-perpetuating hepatocellular<br>INFLAMMATION of unknown cause, usually with<br>HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA and serum AUTOANTIBODIES.",""],["Hepatitis B, Chronic",18726,0.1,"D019694","C06.552.380.350.100",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily<br>transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of<br>contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted<br>via sexual or intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepatitis C, Chronic",28766,0.1,"D019698","C06.552.380.350.120",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused<br>by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic<br>hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Hepatitis D, Chronic",311,0.0,"D019701","C06.552.380.350.220",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS in conjunction with HEPATITIS B VIRUS and<br>lasting six months or more.",""],["Rectocele",543,0.0,"D020047","C06.405.469.860.810",0,"Description: Herniation of the RECTUM into the VAGINA.",""],["Enterocolitis, Necrotizing",3854,0.0,"D020345","C06.405.205.596.700",0,"Description: ENTEROCOLITIS with extensive ulceration (ULCER) and<br>NECROSIS. It is observed primarily in LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANT.",""],["Enterocolitis, Necrotizing",3854,0.0,"D020345","C06.405.469.363.700",0,"Description: ENTEROCOLITIS with extensive ulceration (ULCER) and<br>NECROSIS. It is observed primarily in LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANT.",""],["Cholecystitis, Acute",2604,0.0,"D041881","C06.130.564.263.500",1,"Description: Acute inflammation of the GALLBLADDER wall. It is<br>characterized by the presence of ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and<br>LEUKOCYTOSIS. Gallstone obstruction of the CYSTIC DUCT is present<br>in approximately 90% of the cases.",""],["Acalculous Cholecystitis",403,0.0,"D042101","C06.130.564.263.249",0,"Description: Inflammation of the GALLBLADDER wall in the absence<br>of GALLSTONES.",""],["Gallstones",10038,0.0,"D042882","C06.130.564.332.500",0,"Description: Solid crystalline precipitates in the BILIARY TRACT,<br>usually formed in the GALLBLADDER, resulting in the condition of<br>CHOLELITHIASIS. Gallstones, derived from the BILE, consist mainly<br>of calcium, cholesterol, or bilirubin.",""],["Choledocholithiasis",2001,0.0,"D042883","C06.130.120.250.174",0,"Description: Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the COMMON<br>BILE DUCT.",""],["Enterocolitis, Neutropenic",274,0.0,"D044504","C06.405.205.596.750",1,"Description: A syndrome characterized by inflammation in the<br>ILEUM, the CECUM, and the ASCENDING COLON. It is observed in<br>cancer patients with CHEMOTHERAPY-induced NEUTROPENIA or in other<br>immunocompromised individuals (IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST).",""],["Enterocolitis, Neutropenic",132,0.0,"D044504","C06.405.469.363.750",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by inflammation in the<br>ILEUM, the CECUM, and the ASCENDING COLON. It is observed in<br>cancer patients with CHEMOTHERAPY-induced NEUTROPENIA or in other<br>immunocompromised individuals (IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST).",""],["Steatorrhea",599,0.0,"D045602","C06.405.469.637.887",0,"Description: A condition that is characterized by chronic fatty<br>DIARRHEA, a result of abnormal DIGESTION and/or INTESTINAL<br>ABSORPTION of FATS.",""],["Intestinal Volvulus",2970,0.0,"D045822","C06.405.469.531.568",0,"Description: A twisting in the intestine (INTESTINES) that can<br>cause INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION.",""],["Colitis, Microscopic",1065,0.0,"D046728","C06.405.205.265.173",2,"Description: A condition characterized by chronic watery DIARRHEA<br>of unknown origin, a normal COLONOSCOPY but abnormal<br>histopathology on BIOPSY. This syndrome was first described in<br>1980 by Read and associates. Subtypes include COLLAGENOUS COLITIS<br>and LYMPHOCYTIC COLITIS. Both have similar clinical symptoms and<br>are distinguishable only by histology.",""],["Typhlitis",142,0.0,"D053706","C06.405.469.110.708",0,"Description: Necrotizing inflammation of the CECUM (\"typhlon\" in<br>Greek), sometimes spreading to the APPENDIX and/or the ILEUM.<br>Symptoms include ABDOMINAL PAIN and DIARRHEA. Its pathogenesis is<br>multifactorial. Typhlitis is often associated with NEUTROPENIA<br>and chemotherapy in immunocompromised individuals<br>(IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST).",""],["Eosinophilic Esophagitis",2578,0.0,"D057765","C06.405.117.620.209",0,"Description: Chronic ESOPHAGITIS characterized by esophageal<br>mucosal EOSINOPHILIA. It is diagnosed when an increase in<br>EOSINOPHILS are present over the entire esophagus. The reflux<br>symptoms fail to respond to PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS treatment,<br>unlike in GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE. The symptoms are<br>associated with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to food or inhalant<br>allergens.",""],["Eosinophilic Esophagitis",2578,0.0,"D057765","C06.405.205.663.209",0,"Description: Chronic ESOPHAGITIS characterized by esophageal<br>mucosal EOSINOPHILIA. It is diagnosed when an increase in<br>EOSINOPHILS are present over the entire esophagus. The reflux<br>symptoms fail to respond to PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS treatment,<br>unlike in GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE. The symptoms are<br>associated with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to food or inhalant<br>allergens.",""],["Mirizzi Syndrome",164,0.0,"D057792","C06.130.120.135.812",0,"Description: Complication of CHOLELITHIASIS characterized by<br>OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE; abdominal pain, and fever.",""],["End Stage Liver Disease",3613,0.0,"D058625","C06.552.308.500.177",0,"Description: Final stage of a liver disease when the liver<br>failure is irreversible and LIVER TRANSPLANTATION is needed.",""],["Chilaiditi Syndrome",112,0.0,"D059269","C06.405.469.158.093",0,"Description: Interposition of a portion of the colon (e.g.,<br>SIGMOID COLON) between the liver and the diaphragm. It is<br>associated with abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, anorexia<br>and volvulus. Chilaiditi anomaly refers to asymptomatic<br>interposition.",""],["Collagenous Sprue",27,0.0,"D064068","C06.405.469.637.378",0,"Description: A malabsorption syndrome characterized by<br>collagenous mucosal lesions of the SMALL INTESTINE, atrophy of<br>MICROVILLI, severe malabsorption, diarrhea, and MALNUTRITION<br>often refractory to a gluten-free diet.",""],["Intestinal Obstruction",47155,0.2,"D007415","C06.405.469.531",9,"Description: Any impairment, arrest, or reversal of the normal<br>flow of INTESTINAL CONTENTS toward the ANAL CANAL.",""],["Diverticular Diseases",25247,0.1,"D000076385","C06.405.205.282",10,"Description: Diseases of the DIVERTICULUM often due to infection<br>and/or inflammation (DIVERTICULITIS).",""],["Esophageal Neoplasms",57385,0.3,"D004938","C06.301.371.205",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Esophageal Neoplasms",57385,0.3,"D004938","C06.405.117.430",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Esophageal Neoplasms",57385,0.3,"D004938","C06.405.249.205",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms",304,0.0,"D000077779","C06.301.761.875",0,"Description: EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS with pancreatic ductal<br>differentiation that arise from the EXOCRINE PANCREAS and grow<br>mostly within the PANCREATIC DUCTS. They are characterized by the<br>presence of intraductal masses with mostly papillary growth<br>pattern. Overt production of MUCIN within the pancreatic duct is<br>associated with pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous<br>neoplasm but not intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm.",""],["Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms",304,0.0,"D000077779","C06.689.667.812",0,"Description: EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS with pancreatic ductal<br>differentiation that arise from the EXOCRINE PANCREAS and grow<br>mostly within the PANCREATIC DUCTS. They are characterized by the<br>presence of intraductal masses with mostly papillary growth<br>pattern. Overt production of MUCIN within the pancreatic duct is<br>associated with pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous<br>neoplasm but not intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm.",""],["Common Bile Duct Diseases",9184,0.0,"D003137","C06.130.120.250",5,"Description: Diseases of the COMMON BILE DUCT including the<br>AMPULLA OF VATER and the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.",""],["Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome",45,0.0,"D000081003","C06.689.276.500",0,"Description: An inherited syndrome characterized by EXOCRINE<br>PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; hematologic abnormalities (e.g., bone<br>marrow hypoplasia), and skeletal abnormalities (e.g., metaphyseal<br>chondroplasia). GERMLINE MUTATIONS in the SBDS gene are<br>associated with Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome.",""],["Pancreatitis, Chronic",5428,0.0,"D050500","C06.689.750.830",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS that is characterized<br>by recurring or persistent ABDOMINAL PAIN with or without<br>STEATORRHEA or DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the<br>irregular destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma which may be<br>focal, segmental, or diffuse.",""],["Pancreatitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",3,0.0,"D000081032","C06.689.750.325",0,"Description: An acute INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS in which the<br>initial edematous pancreatitis evolved into necrosis accompanied<br>by HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Intestinal Neoplasms",266416,1.3,"D007414","C06.301.371.411",16,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES.",""],["Intestinal Neoplasms",266416,1.3,"D007414","C06.405.249.411",16,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES.",""],["Colonic Diseases",288977,1.4,"D003108","C06.405.469.158",27,"Description: Pathological processes in the COLON region of the<br>large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).",""],["Intestinal Neoplasms",266416,1.3,"D007414","C06.405.469.491",16,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES.",""],["Intestinal Failure",35,0.0,"D000090124","C06.405.469.462",0,"Description: Various intestinal diseases functionally defined as<br>having reduced intestine function requiring PARENTERAL NUTRITION.",""],["Achlorhydria",860,0.0,"D000126","C06.405.748.045",0,"Description: A lack of HYDROCHLORIC ACID in GASTRIC JUICE despite<br>stimulation of gastric secretion.",""],["Rectal Diseases",204896,1.0,"D012002","C06.405.469.860",17,"Description: Pathological developments in the RECTUM region of<br>the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).",""],["Cecal Diseases",27711,0.1,"D002429","C06.405.469.110",4,"Description: Pathological developments in the CECUM.",""],["Appendicitis",18525,0.1,"D001064","C06.405.205.099",0,"Description: Acute inflammation of the APPENDIX. Acute<br>appendicitis is classified as simple, gangrenous, or perforated.",""],["Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic",26344,0.1,"D007411","C06.405.469.452",7,"Description: Infections of the INTESTINES with PARASITES,<br>commonly involving PARASITIC WORMS. Infections with roundworms<br>(NEMATODE INFECTIONS) and tapeworms (CESTODE INFECTIONS) are also<br>known as HELMINTHIASIS.",""],["Barrett Esophagus",8315,0.0,"D001471","C06.405.117.102",0,"Description: A condition with damage to the lining of the lower<br>ESOPHAGUS resulting from chronic acid reflux (ESOPHAGITIS,<br>REFLUX). Through the process of metaplasia, the squamous cells<br>are replaced by a columnar epithelium with cells resembling those<br>of the INTESTINE or the salmon-pink mucosa of the STOMACH.<br>Barrett's columnar epithelium is a marker for severe reflux and<br>precursor to ADENOCARCINOMA of the esophagus.",""],["Bile Duct Neoplasms",18910,0.1,"D001650","C06.130.120.120",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.",""],["Bile Duct Neoplasms",18910,0.1,"D001650","C06.130.320.120",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.",""],["Bile Duct Neoplasms",18910,0.1,"D001650","C06.301.120.250",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.",""],["Cholestasis",30240,0.2,"D002779","C06.130.120.135",5,"Description: Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small<br>bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large<br>bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).",""],["Duodenogastric Reflux",1357,0.0,"D004383","C06.405.748.240",1,"Description: Retrograde flow of duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS;<br>PANCREATIC JUICE) into the STOMACH.",""],["Biliary Atresia",3266,0.0,"D001656","C06.130.120.123",0,"Description: Progressive destruction or the absence of all or<br>part of the extrahepatic BILE DUCTS, resulting in the complete<br>obstruction of BILE flow. Usually, biliary atresia is found in<br>infants and accounts for one third of the neonatal cholestatic<br>JAUNDICE.",""],["Malabsorption Syndromes",35957,0.2,"D008286","C06.405.469.637",8,"Description: General term for a group of MALNUTRITION syndromes<br>caused by failure of normal INTESTINAL ABSORPTION of nutrients.",""],["Cholangitis",9225,0.0,"D002761","C06.130.120.200",1,"Description: Inflammation of the biliary ductal system (BILE<br>DUCTS); intrahepatic, extrahepatic, or both.",""],["Cholecystitis",12703,0.1,"D002764","C06.130.564.263",3,"Description: Inflammation of the GALLBLADDER; generally caused by<br>impairment of BILE flow, GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT,<br>infections, or other diseases.",""],["Colitis",57183,0.3,"D003092","C06.405.205.265",6,"Description: Inflammation of the COLON section of the large<br>intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as<br>DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.",""],["Inflammatory Bowel Diseases",99377,0.5,"D015212","C06.405.205.731",2,"Description: Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental.<br>This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS.",""],["Inflammatory Bowel Diseases",99377,0.5,"D015212","C06.405.469.432",2,"Description: Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental.<br>This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS.",""],["Deglutition Disorders",51210,0.3,"D003680","C06.405.117.119",8,"Description: Difficulty in SWALLOWING which may result from<br>neuromuscular disorder or mechanical obstruction. Dysphagia is<br>classified into two distinct types: oropharyngeal dysphagia due<br>to malfunction of the PHARYNX and UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; and<br>esophageal dysphagia due to malfunction of the ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Hepatitis, Viral, Human",162210,0.8,"D006525","C06.552.380.705",8,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection<br>by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral<br>hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission<br>(HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B;<br>HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D).",""],["Carcinoma, Islet Cell",2295,0.0,"D018273","C06.301.761.500",4,"Description: A primary malignant neoplasm of the pancreatic ISLET<br>CELLS. Usually it involves the non-INSULIN-producing cell types,<br>the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and the pancreatic delta cells<br>(SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS) in GLUCAGONOMA and<br>SOMATOSTATINOMA, respectively.",""],["Carcinoma, Islet Cell",2295,0.0,"D018273","C06.689.667.500",4,"Description: A primary malignant neoplasm of the pancreatic ISLET<br>CELLS. Usually it involves the non-INSULIN-producing cell types,<br>the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and the pancreatic delta cells<br>(SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS) in GLUCAGONOMA and<br>SOMATOSTATINOMA, respectively.",""],["Postgastrectomy Syndromes",3777,0.0,"D011178","C06.405.748.630",1,"Description: Sequelae of gastrectomy from the second week after<br>operation on. Include recurrent or anastomotic ulcer,<br>postprandial syndromes (DUMPING SYNDROME and late postprandial<br>hypoglycemia), disordered bowel action, and nutritional<br>deficiencies.",""],["Duodenal Diseases",96835,0.5,"D004378","C06.405.469.275",11,"Description: Pathological conditions in the DUODENUM region of<br>the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).",""],["Peptic Ulcer",76486,0.4,"D010437","C06.405.748.586",5,"Description: Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE<br>containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are<br>defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers<br>are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of<br>nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).",""],["Enteritis",11590,0.1,"D004751","C06.405.205.462",3,"Description: Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.",""],["Enteritis",11590,0.1,"D004751","C06.405.469.326",3,"Description: Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.",""],["Dysentery",14361,0.1,"D004403","C06.405.205.331",2,"Description: Acute inflammation of the intestine associated with<br>infectious DIARRHEA of various etiologies, generally acquired by<br>eating contaminated food containing TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL derived<br>from BACTERIA or other microorganisms. Dysentery is characterized<br>initially by watery FECES then by bloody mucoid stools. It is<br>often associated with ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and DEHYDRATION.",""],["Dysentery",14361,0.1,"D004403","C06.405.469.300",2,"Description: Acute inflammation of the intestine associated with<br>infectious DIARRHEA of various etiologies, generally acquired by<br>eating contaminated food containing TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL derived<br>from BACTERIA or other microorganisms. Dysentery is characterized<br>initially by watery FECES then by bloody mucoid stools. It is<br>often associated with ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and DEHYDRATION.",""],["Echinococcosis, Hepatic",5658,0.0,"D004444","C06.552.664.272",0,"Description: Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic<br>tapeworms of the genus ECHINOCOCCUS, such as Echinococcus<br>granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis. Ingested Echinococcus<br>ova burrow into the intestinal mucosa. The larval migration to<br>the liver via the PORTAL VEIN leads to watery vesicles (HYDATID<br>CYST).",""],["Enterocolitis",13234,0.1,"D004760","C06.405.205.596",4,"Description: Inflammation of the MUCOSA of both the SMALL<br>INTESTINE and the LARGE INTESTINE. Etiology includes ISCHEMIA,<br>infections, allergic, and immune responses.",""],["Enterocolitis",13092,0.1,"D004760","C06.405.469.363",3,"Description: Inflammation of the MUCOSA of both the SMALL<br>INTESTINE and the LARGE INTESTINE. Etiology includes ISCHEMIA,<br>infections, allergic, and immune responses.",""],["Esophageal and Gastric Varices",11032,0.1,"D004932","C06.405.117.240",0,"Description: Dilated blood vessels in the ESOPHAGUS or GASTRIC<br>FUNDUS that shunt blood from the portal circulation (PORTAL<br>SYSTEM) to the systemic venous circulation. Often they are<br>observed in individuals with portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION,<br>PORTAL).",""],["Esophageal and Gastric Varices",11032,0.1,"D004932","C06.552.494.414",0,"Description: Dilated blood vessels in the ESOPHAGUS or GASTRIC<br>FUNDUS that shunt blood from the portal circulation (PORTAL<br>SYSTEM) to the systemic venous circulation. Often they are<br>observed in individuals with portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION,<br>PORTAL).",""],["Esophageal Atresia",3319,0.0,"D004933","C06.405.117.260",0,"Description: Congenital abnormality characterized by the lack of<br>full development of the ESOPHAGUS that commonly occurs with<br>TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA. Symptoms include excessive SALIVATION;<br>GAGGING; CYANOSIS; and DYSPNEA.",""],["Esophageal Cyst",419,0.0,"D004934","C06.405.117.316",0,"Description: Any fluid-filled closed cavity or sac (CYSTS) that<br>is lined by an EPITHELIUM and found in the ESOPHAGUS region.",""],["Esophageal Fistula",6079,0.0,"D004937","C06.405.117.367",1,"Description: Abnormal passage communicating with the ESOPHAGUS.<br>The most common type is TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA between the<br>esophagus and the TRACHEA.",""],["Esophageal Perforation",4164,0.0,"D004939","C06.405.117.468",1,"Description: An opening or hole in the ESOPHAGUS that is caused<br>by TRAUMA, injury, or pathological process.",""],["Esophageal Stenosis",7201,0.0,"D004940","C06.405.117.544",0,"Description: A stricture of the ESOPHAGUS. Most are acquired but<br>can be congenital.",""],["Esophagitis",10811,0.1,"D004941","C06.405.117.620",2,"Description: INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS<br>caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA.",""],["Esophagitis",10811,0.1,"D004941","C06.405.205.663",2,"Description: INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS<br>caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA.",""],["Fascioliasis",3908,0.0,"D005211","C06.552.664.424",0,"Description: Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic<br>flukes of the genus FASCIOLA, such as FASCIOLA HEPATICA.",""],["Fatty Liver, Alcoholic",1068,0.0,"D005235","C06.552.241.390",0,"Description: Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells<br>that is due to ALCOHOL ABUSE. The fatty changes in the alcoholic<br>fatty liver may be reversible, depending on the amounts of<br>TRIGLYCERIDES accumulated.",""],["Fatty Liver, Alcoholic",1068,0.0,"D005235","C06.552.645.390",0,"Description: Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells<br>that is due to ALCOHOL ABUSE. The fatty changes in the alcoholic<br>fatty liver may be reversible, depending on the amounts of<br>TRIGLYCERIDES accumulated.",""],["Gallbladder Neoplasms",9145,0.0,"D005706","C06.130.320.401",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.",""],["Gallbladder Neoplasms",9145,0.0,"D005706","C06.130.564.401",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.",""],["Gallbladder Neoplasms",9145,0.0,"D005706","C06.301.120.401",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.",""],["Intestinal Polyposis",7991,0.0,"D044483","C06.405.469.578",3,"Description: The growth of INTESTINAL POLYPS. Growth processes<br>include neoplastic (ADENOMA and CARCINOMA) and non-neoplastic<br>(hyperplastic, mucosal, inflammatory, and other polyps).",""],["Gastritis",16759,0.1,"D005756","C06.405.205.697",2,"Description: Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion<br>observed in a number of unrelated disorders.",""],["Gastritis",16759,0.1,"D005756","C06.405.748.398",2,"Description: Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion<br>observed in a number of unrelated disorders.",""],["Hematemesis",1407,0.0,"D006396","C06.405.227.400",0,"Description: Vomiting of blood that is either fresh bright red,<br>or older \"coffee-ground\" in character. It generally indicates<br>bleeding of the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Liver Failure",26063,0.1,"D017093","C06.552.308.500",5,"Description: Severe inability of the LIVER to perform its normal<br>metabolic functions, as evidenced by severe JAUNDICE and abnormal<br>serum levels of AMMONIA; BILIRUBIN; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE;<br>ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASES; and<br>albumin/globulin ratio. (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary,<br>4th ed)",""],["Hepatitis, Alcoholic",2002,0.0,"D006519","C06.552.380.290",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER due to ALCOHOL ABUSE. It<br>is characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES, infiltration by<br>NEUTROPHILS, and deposit of MALLORY BODIES. Depending on its<br>severity, the inflammatory lesion may be reversible or progress<br>to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Hepatitis, Alcoholic",2002,0.0,"D006519","C06.552.645.490",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER due to ALCOHOL ABUSE. It<br>is characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES, infiltration by<br>NEUTROPHILS, and deposit of MALLORY BODIES. Depending on its<br>severity, the inflammatory lesion may be reversible or progress<br>to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Hepatitis, Animal",3944,0.0,"D006520","C06.552.380.315",3,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in non-human animals.",""],["Hepatitis, Chronic",56286,0.3,"D006521","C06.552.380.350",4,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER with ongoing<br>hepatocellular injury for 6 months or more, characterized by<br>NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES and inflammatory cell (LEUKOCYTES)<br>infiltration. Chronic hepatitis can be caused by viruses,<br>medications, autoimmune diseases, and other unknown factors.",""],["Carcinoma, Hepatocellular",91293,0.5,"D006528","C06.301.623.160",0,"Description: A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver<br>cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL<br>CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly<br>differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly<br>pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes<br>have been suggested.",""],["Carcinoma, Hepatocellular",91293,0.5,"D006528","C06.552.697.160",0,"Description: A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver<br>cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL<br>CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly<br>differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly<br>pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes<br>have been suggested.",""],["Ileal Diseases",10709,0.1,"D007077","C06.405.469.420",3,"Description: Pathological development in the ILEUM including the<br>ILEOCECAL VALVE.",""],["Adenoma, Islet Cell",7284,0.0,"D007516","C06.301.761.249",1,"Description: A benign tumor of the pancreatic ISLET CELLS.<br>Usually it involves the INSULIN-producing PANCREATIC BETA CELLS,<br>as in INSULINOMA, resulting in HYPERINSULINISM.",""],["Adenoma, Islet Cell",7284,0.0,"D007516","C06.689.667.249",1,"Description: A benign tumor of the pancreatic ISLET CELLS.<br>Usually it involves the INSULIN-producing PANCREATIC BETA CELLS,<br>as in INSULINOMA, resulting in HYPERINSULINISM.",""],["Intestinal Atresia",1826,0.0,"D007409","C06.405.469.445",0,"Description: Congenital obliteration of the lumen of the<br>intestine, with the ILEUM involved in 50% of the cases and the<br>JEJUNUM and DUODENUM following in frequency. It is the most<br>frequent cause of INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION in NEWBORNS. (From<br>Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Intestinal Fistula",13842,0.1,"D007412","C06.405.469.471",2,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the<br>INTESTINE, and another segment of the intestine or other organs.<br>External intestinal fistula is connected to the SKIN<br>(enterocutaneous fistula). Internal intestinal fistula can be<br>connected to a number of organs, such as STOMACH (gastrocolic<br>fistula), the BILIARY TRACT (cholecystoduodenal fistula), or the<br>URINARY BLADDER of the URINARY TRACT (colovesical fistula). Risk<br>factors include inflammatory processes, cancer, radiation<br>treatment, and surgical misadventures (MEDICAL ERRORS).",""],["Intestinal Perforation",10705,0.1,"D007416","C06.405.469.557",0,"Description: Opening or penetration through the wall of the<br>INTESTINES.",""],["Jejunal Diseases",5579,0.0,"D007579","C06.405.469.600",1,"Description: Pathological development in the JEJUNUM region of<br>the SMALL INTESTINE.",""],["Liver Abscess, Amebic",2838,0.0,"D008101","C06.552.597.517",0,"Description: Single or multiple areas of PUS due to infection by<br>any ameboid protozoa (AMEBIASIS). A common form is caused by the<br>ingestion of ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA.",""],["Liver Abscess, Amebic",2838,0.0,"D008101","C06.552.664.642",0,"Description: Single or multiple areas of PUS due to infection by<br>any ameboid protozoa (AMEBIASIS). A common form is caused by the<br>ingestion of ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA.",""],["Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic",4442,0.0,"D008104","C06.552.630.380",0,"Description: FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic<br>excess ALCOHOL DRINKING.",""],["Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic",4442,0.0,"D008104","C06.552.645.590",0,"Description: FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic<br>excess ALCOHOL DRINKING.",""],["Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary",7503,0.0,"D008105","C06.552.150.250",0,"Description: FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to<br>obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or<br>extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS,<br>EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cholangitis involves the<br>destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and decreased bile<br>secretion. Secondary biliary cholangitis is produced by prolonged<br>obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from<br>a variety of causes.",""],["Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary",7503,0.0,"D008105","C06.552.630.400",0,"Description: FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to<br>obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or<br>extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS,<br>EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cholangitis involves the<br>destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and decreased bile<br>secretion. Secondary biliary cholangitis is produced by prolonged<br>obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from<br>a variety of causes.",""],["Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental",3831,0.0,"D008106","C06.552.630.467",0,"Description: Experimentally induced chronic injuries to the<br>parenchymal cells in the liver to achieve a model for LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Liver Neoplasms, Experimental",11968,0.1,"D008114","C06.301.623.460",0,"Description: Experimentally induced tumors of the LIVER.",""],["Liver Neoplasms, Experimental",11968,0.1,"D008114","C06.552.697.580",0,"Description: Experimentally induced tumors of the LIVER.",""],["Melena",1023,0.0,"D008551","C06.405.227.600",0,"Description: The black, tarry, foul-smelling FECES that contain<br>degraded blood.",""],["Mesenteric Cyst",890,0.0,"D008639","C06.844.620.500",0,"Description: A rare intra-abdominal tumor in the MESENTERY.<br>Mesenteric cysts are usually benign and can be very large fluid-<br>filled (2000 mL) lesions.",""],["Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion",3798,0.0,"D008641","C06.405.469.675",0,"Description: Obstruction of the flow in the SPLANCHNIC<br>CIRCULATION by ATHEROSCLEROSIS; EMBOLISM; THROMBOSIS; STENOSIS;<br>TRAUMA; and compression or intrinsic pressure from adjacent<br>tumors. Rare causes are drugs, intestinal parasites, and vascular<br>immunoinflammatory diseases such as PERIARTERITIS NODOSA and<br>THROMBOANGIITIS OBLITERANS. (From Juergens et al., Peripheral<br>Vascular Diseases, 5th ed, pp295-6)",""],["Pancreatic Pseudocyst",2899,0.0,"D010192","C06.689.500.692",0,"Description: Cyst-like space not lined by EPITHELIUM and<br>contained within the PANCREAS. Pancreatic pseudocysts account for<br>most of the cystic collections in the pancreas and are often<br>associated with chronic PANCREATITIS.",""],["Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage",5237,0.0,"D010438","C06.405.227.700",0,"Description: Bleeding from a PEPTIC ULCER that can be located in<br>any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis",1941,0.0,"D011006","C06.405.469.778",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>multiple gas-filled cysts in the intestinal wall, the submucosa<br>and/or subserosa of the INTESTINE. The majority of the cysts are<br>found in the JEJUNUM and the ILEUM.",""],["Proctitis",2458,0.0,"D011349","C06.405.205.865",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the RECTUM,<br>the distal end of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).",""],["Protein-Losing Enteropathies",2024,0.0,"D011504","C06.405.469.818",0,"Description: Pathological conditions in the INTESTINES that are<br>characterized by the gastrointestinal loss of serum proteins,<br>including SERUM ALBUMIN; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; and at times<br>LYMPHOCYTES. Severe condition can result in HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA<br>or LYMPHOPENIA. Protein-losing enteropathies are associated with<br>a number of diseases including INTESTINAL LYMPHANGIECTASIS;<br>WHIPPLE'S DISEASE; and NEOPLASMS of the SMALL INTESTINE.",""],["Gastric Outlet Obstruction",5637,0.0,"D017219","C06.405.748.340",2,"Description: The hindering of output from the STOMACH into the<br>SMALL INTESTINE. This obstruction may be of mechanical or<br>functional origin such as EDEMA from PEPTIC ULCER; NEOPLASMS;<br>FOREIGN BODIES; or AGING.",""],["Rectal Fistula",5524,0.0,"D012003","C06.267.550.600",1,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage connecting the RECTUM<br>to the outside, with an orifice at the site of drainage.",""],["Reye Syndrome",1438,0.0,"D012202","C06.552.241.649",0,"Description: A form of encephalopathy with fatty infiltration of<br>the LIVER, characterized by brain EDEMA and VOMITING that may<br>rapidly progress to SEIZURES; COMA; and DEATH. It is caused by a<br>generalized loss of mitochondrial function leading to<br>disturbances in fatty acid and CARNITINE metabolism.",""],["Gastric Dilatation",879,0.0,"D013271","C06.405.748.300",0,"Description: Abnormal distention of the STOMACH due to<br>accumulation of gastric contents that may reach 10 to 15 liters.<br>Gastric dilatation may be the result of GASTRIC OUTLET<br>OBSTRUCTION; ILEUS; GASTROPARESIS; or denervation.",""],["Stomach Neoplasms",103659,0.5,"D013274","C06.301.371.767",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.",""],["Stomach Neoplasms",103659,0.5,"D013274","C06.405.249.767",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.",""],["Stomach Neoplasms",103659,0.5,"D013274","C06.405.748.789",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.",""],["Stomach Rupture",915,0.0,"D013275","C06.405.748.824",0,"Description: Bursting of the STOMACH.",""],["Stomach Volvulus",1425,0.0,"D013277","C06.405.748.895",0,"Description: Twisting of the STOMACH that may result in gastric<br>ISCHEMIA and GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION. It is often associated<br>with DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA.",""],["Subphrenic Abscess",791,0.0,"D013369","C06.844.640.500",0,"Description: Accumulation of purulent EXUDATES beneath the<br>DIAPHRAGM, also known as upper abdominal abscess. It is usually<br>associated with PERITONITIS or postoperative infections.",""],["Tracheoesophageal Fistula",3289,0.0,"D014138","C06.267.250.725",0,"Description: Abnormal passage between the ESOPHAGUS and the<br>TRACHEA, acquired or congenital, often associated with ESOPHAGEAL<br>ATRESIA.",""],["Peritonitis, Tuberculous",1695,0.0,"D014395","C06.844.640.249",0,"Description: A form of PERITONITIS seen in patients with<br>TUBERCULOSIS, characterized by lesion either as a miliary form or<br>as a pelvic mass on the peritoneal surfaces. Most patients have<br>ASCITES, abdominal swelling, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and other systemic<br>symptoms such as FEVER; WEIGHT LOSS; and ANEMIA.",""],["Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome",2202,0.0,"D015043","C06.301.371.883",0,"Description: A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of<br>severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-<br>producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA).<br>This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE<br>ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.",""],["Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome",2202,0.0,"D015043","C06.405.249.883",0,"Description: A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of<br>severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-<br>producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA).<br>This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE<br>ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.",""],["Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome",2202,0.0,"D015043","C06.405.469.965",0,"Description: A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of<br>severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-<br>producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA).<br>This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE<br>ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.",""],["Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome",2202,0.0,"D015043","C06.405.748.947",0,"Description: A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of<br>severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-<br>producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA).<br>This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE<br>ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.",""],["Choledochal Cyst",2267,0.0,"D015529","C06.130.120.127",1,"Description: A congenital anatomic malformation of a bile duct,<br>including cystic dilatation of the extrahepatic bile duct or the<br>large intrahepatic bile duct. Classification is based on the site<br>and type of dilatation. Type I is most common.",""],["Alagille Syndrome",663,0.0,"D016738","C06.552.150.125",0,"Description: A multisystem disorder that is characterized by<br>aplasia of intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC),<br>and malformations in the cardiovascular system, the eyes, the<br>vertebral column, and the facies. Major clinical features include<br>JAUNDICE, and congenital heart disease with peripheral PULMONARY<br>STENOSIS. Alagille syndrome may result from heterogeneous gene<br>mutations, including mutations in JAG1 on CHROMOSOME 20 (Type 1)<br>and NOTCH2 on CHROMOSOME 1 (Type 2).",""],["Caroli Disease",396,0.0,"D016767","C06.198.184.500",0,"Description: Congenital cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic<br>bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC). It consists of 2 types:<br>simple Caroli disease is characterized by bile duct dilatation<br>(ectasia) alone; and complex Caroli disease is characterized by<br>bile duct dilatation with extensive hepatic fibrosis and portal<br>hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL). Benign renal tubular ectasia<br>is associated with both types of Caroli disease.",""],["Porphyria, Acute Intermittent",1285,0.0,"D017118","C06.552.830.150",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of HYDROXYMETHYLBILANE SYNTHASE in the LIVER, the<br>third enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME.<br>Clinical features are recurrent and life-threatening neurologic<br>disturbances, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and elevated level of<br>AMINOLEVULINIC ACID and PORPHOBILINOGEN in the urine.",""],["Porphyria Cutanea Tarda",960,0.0,"D017119","C06.552.830.100",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant or acquired porphyria due to a<br>deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE in the LIVER. It is<br>characterized by photosensitivity and cutaneous lesions with<br>little or no neurologic symptoms. Type I is the acquired form and<br>is strongly associated with liver diseases and hepatic toxicities<br>caused by alcohol or estrogenic steroids. Type II is the familial<br>form.",""],["Porphyria, Hepatoerythropoietic",216,0.0,"D017121","C06.552.830.437",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive cutaneous porphyria that is<br>due to a deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE in both the<br>LIVER and the BONE MARROW. Similar to PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDA,<br>this disorder is caused by defects in the fifth enzyme in the<br>8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME, but is a homozygous enzyme<br>deficiency with less than 10% of the normal enzyme activity.<br>Cutaneous lesions are severe and mutilating.",""],["Cholera Morbus",7,0.0,"D017688","C06.405.205.200",0,"Description: An old term that is no longer used in the scientific<br>literature. Cholera morbus refers to acute GASTROENTERITIS<br>occurring in summer or autumn; characterized by severe cramps,<br>diarrhea, and vomiting.",""],["Adenoma, Liver Cell",884,0.0,"D018248","C06.301.623.040",0,"Description: A benign epithelial tumor of the LIVER.",""],["Adenoma, Liver Cell",884,0.0,"D018248","C06.552.697.040",0,"Description: A benign epithelial tumor of the LIVER.",""],["Gastroparesis",2248,0.0,"D018589","C06.405.748.543",0,"Description: Chronic delayed gastric emptying. Gastroparesis may<br>be caused by motor dysfunction or paralysis of STOMACH muscles or<br>may be associated with other systemic diseases such as DIABETES<br>MELLITUS.",""],["HIV Enteropathy",108,0.0,"D019053","C06.405.469.400",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-<br>established DIARRHEA (greater than one month in duration) without<br>an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an<br>HIV-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or<br>indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. HIV enteropathy is<br>a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms<br>of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles<br>of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus<br>Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155)",""],["Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing",3908,0.0,"D019283","C06.689.750.650",0,"Description: A severe form of acute INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS<br>characterized by one or more areas of NECROSIS in the pancreas<br>with varying degree of involvement of the surrounding tissues or<br>organ systems. Massive pancreatic necrosis may lead to DIABETES<br>MELLITUS, and malabsorption.",""],["Pancreatitis, Alcoholic",847,0.0,"D019512","C06.689.750.660",0,"Description: Acute or chronic INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS due to<br>excessive ALCOHOL DRINKING. Alcoholic pancreatitis usually<br>presents as an acute episode but it is a chronic progressive<br>disease in alcoholics.",""],["Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia",342,0.0,"D020252","C06.405.748.280",0,"Description: A distinct vascular lesion in the PYLORIC ANTRUM<br>that is characterized by tortuous dilated blood vessels (ectasia)<br>radiating outward from the PYLORUS. The vessel pattern resembles<br>the stripes on the surface of a watermelon. This lesion causes<br>both acute and chronic GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal",10995,0.1,"D021441","C06.301.761.750",0,"Description: Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It<br>accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.",""],["Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal",10995,0.1,"D021441","C06.689.667.625",0,"Description: Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It<br>accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.",""],["Cholecystolithiasis",862,0.0,"D041761","C06.130.409.178",0,"Description: Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the<br>GALLBLADDER.",""],["Cholecystolithiasis",10900,0.1,"D041761","C06.130.564.332",1,"Description: Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the<br>GALLBLADDER.",""],["Gallstones",10038,0.0,"D042882","C06.130.409.633",0,"Description: Solid crystalline precipitates in the BILIARY TRACT,<br>usually formed in the GALLBLADDER, resulting in the condition of<br>CHOLELITHIASIS. Gallstones, derived from the BILE, consist mainly<br>of calcium, cholesterol, or bilirubin.",""],["Choledocholithiasis",2001,0.0,"D042883","C06.130.409.267",0,"Description: Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the COMMON<br>BILE DUCT.",""],["Diverticulosis, Esophageal",90,0.0,"D045723","C06.405.117.136",0,"Description: A pathological condition characterized by the<br>presence of a number of ESOPHAGEAL DIVERTICULA in the ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Diverticulosis, Stomach",4,0.0,"D045724","C06.405.748.142",0,"Description: A pathological condition characterized by the<br>presence of a number of GASTRIC DIVERTICULA in the STOMACH.",""],["Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors",8330,0.0,"D046152","C06.301.371.308",0,"Description: All tumors in the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT arising<br>from mesenchymal cells (MESODERM) except those of smooth muscle<br>cells (LEIOMYOMA) or Schwann cells (SCHWANNOMA).",""],["Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors",8330,0.0,"D046152","C06.405.249.308",0,"Description: All tumors in the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT arising<br>from mesenchymal cells (MESODERM) except those of smooth muscle<br>cells (LEIOMYOMA) or Schwann cells (SCHWANNOMA).",""],["Liver Abscess, Pyogenic",760,0.0,"D046290","C06.552.597.758",0,"Description: Single or multiple areas of PUS due to bacterial<br>infection within the hepatic parenchyma. It can be caused by a<br>variety of BACTERIA, local or disseminated from infections<br>elsewhere such as in APPENDICITIS; CHOLECYSTITIS; PERITONITIS;<br>and after LIVER TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Coproporphyria, Hereditary",75,0.0,"D046349","C06.552.830.074",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of COPROPORPHYRINOGEN OXIDASE in the LIVER, the sixth<br>enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME. Clinical<br>features include both neurological symptoms and cutaneous<br>lesions. Patients excrete increased levels of porphyrin<br>precursors, 5-AMINOLEVULINATE and COPROPORPHYRINS.",""],["Porphyria, Variegate",101,0.0,"D046350","C06.552.830.625",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.4) in the<br>LIVER, the seventh enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of<br>HEME. Clinical features include both neurological symptoms and<br>cutaneous lesions. Patients excrete increased levels of porphyrin<br>precursors, COPROPORPHYRINS and protoporphyrinogen.",""],["Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic",367,0.0,"D046351","C06.552.830.812",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of FERROCHELATASE (heme synthetase) in both the LIVER<br>and the BONE MARROW, the last enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic<br>pathway of HEME. Clinical features include mainly neurological<br>symptoms, rarely cutaneous lesions, and elevated levels of<br>protoporphyrin and COPROPORPHYRINS in the feces.",""],["Nesidioblastosis",123,0.0,"D046768","C06.689.150.500",0,"Description: An inherited autosomal recessive syndrome<br>characterized by the disorganized formation of new islets in the<br>PANCREAS and CONGENITAL HYPERINSULINISM. It is due to focal<br>hyperplasia of pancreatic ISLET CELLS budding off from the ductal<br>structures and forming new islets of Langerhans. Mutations in the<br>islet cells involve the potassium channel gene KCNJ11 or the ATP-<br>binding cassette transporter gene ABCC8, both on CHROMOSOME 11.",""],["Massive Hepatic Necrosis",212,0.0,"D047508","C06.552.100.600",0,"Description: Extensive and rapid death of parenchymal cells in<br>the LIVER, often due to exposure to toxic materials or drug-<br>induced injury. It is characterized by a soft, flabby, yellow-<br>brown wrinkled, and shrunken liver. It was called \"acute yellow<br>atrophy\".",""],["Mucositis",1352,0.0,"D052016","C06.405.205.798",0,"Description: An INFLAMMATION of the MUCOSA with burning or<br>tingling sensation. It is characterized by atrophy of the<br>squamous EPITHELIUM, vascular damage, inflammatory infiltration,<br>and ulceration. It usually occurs at the mucous lining of the<br>MOUTH, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the airway due to chemical<br>irritations, CHEMOTHERAPY, or radiation therapy (RADIOTHERAPY).",""],["Pancreatitis, Graft",11,0.0,"D055589","C06.689.750.860",0,"Description: An inflammatory disease and serious complication of<br>PANCREAS TRANSPLANTATION. It is caused by a premature activation<br>of pancreatic proenzymes leading to autodigestion of the gland<br>and can be attributed to immunological or nonimmunological<br>causes.",""],["Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic",443,0.0,"D056487","C06.552.100.200",0,"Description: Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by<br>an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may<br>be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the<br>environment, or an idiosyncratic response.",""],["Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease",17258,0.1,"D065626","C06.552.241.519",0,"Description: Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL<br>CONSUMPTION.",""],["Mesenteric Ischemia",1316,0.0,"D065666","C06.405.469.656",0,"Description: Ischemic tissue injury produced by insufficient<br>perfusion of intestinal tissue by the MESENTERIC CIRCULATION<br>(i.e., CELIAC ARTERY; SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY; INFERERIOR<br>MESENTERIC ARTERY; and MESENTERIC VEINS). It can progress from<br>ISCHEMIA; EDEMA; and GANGRENE of the bowel wall to PERITONITIS<br>and cardiovascular collapse.",""],["Anorectal Malformations",503,0.0,"D000071056","C06.198.025",0,"Description: Congenital defects in the anus and the rectum often<br>involving the urinary and genital tracts.",""],["Intestinal Diseases",1211390,6.0,"D007410","C06.405.469",143,"Description: Pathological processes in any segment of the<br>INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.",""],["Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome",136,0.0,"D000074742","C06.198.929",0,"Description: Compression of the CELIAC ARTERY by the median<br>arcuate ligament, a fibrous band of the DIAPHRAGM, causing<br>abdominal pain after eating and weight loss. OMIM: 116870",""],["Gastroenteritis",284854,1.4,"D005759","C06.405.205",44,"Description: INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL<br>TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are<br>many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug<br>effects, and CANCER.",""],["Gastrointestinal Neoplasms",455080,2.3,"D005770","C06.301.371",22,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, from<br>the MOUTH to the ANAL CANAL.",""],["Esophageal Diseases",168784,0.8,"D004935","C06.405.117",24,"Description: Pathological processes in the ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Gastrointestinal Neoplasms",455080,2.3,"D005770","C06.405.249",22,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, from<br>the MOUTH to the ANAL CANAL.",""],["Pancreatic Neoplasms",101155,0.5,"D010190","C06.301.761",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the<br>types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can<br>be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from<br>PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-<br>SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing<br>tumors (INSULINOMA).",""],["Pancreatic Neoplasms",101155,0.5,"D010190","C06.689.667",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the<br>types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can<br>be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from<br>PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-<br>SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing<br>tumors (INSULINOMA).",""],["Rumination Syndrome",36,0.0,"D000079562","C06.405.609",0,"Description: A gastrointestinal disorder characterized by<br>repetitive and effortless regurgitation of ingested food from the<br>stomach to the oral cavity in the early POSTPRANDIAL PERIOD. It<br>is associated with functional gastrointestinal pathology (e.g.,<br>increased intra-gastric pressure) and psychiatric disorders<br>(e.g., anxiety, depression). It is not limited to infants and<br>distinct from GERD and VOMITING.",""],["Bile Duct Diseases",76785,0.4,"D001649","C06.130.120",19,"Description: Diseases in any part of the ductal system of the<br>BILIARY TRACT from the smallest BILE CANALICULI to the largest<br>COMMON BILE DUCT.",""],["Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction",29,0.0,"D000080222","C06.198.964",0,"Description: A group of anatomical variations in which the COMMON<br>BILE DUCT and MAIN PANCREATIC DUCT are joined outside the<br>duodenal wall often with abnormally long common channel rather<br>than at the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.",""],["Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency",1849,0.0,"D010188","C06.689.276",1,"Description: A malabsorption condition resulting from greater<br>than 10% reduction in the secretion of pancreatic digestive<br>enzymes (LIPASE; PROTEASES; and AMYLASE) by the EXOCRINE PANCREAS<br>into the DUODENUM. This condition is often associated with CYSTIC<br>FIBROSIS and with chronic PANCREATITIS.",""],["Hepatic Infarction",17,0.0,"D000081011","C06.552.289",0,"Description: Formation of infarct resulting from obstruction of<br>HEPATIC ARTERY and/or PORTAL VEIN most often after LIVER<br>TRANSPLANTATION or hepatobiliary surgery.",""],["Pancreatitis",51505,0.3,"D010195","C06.689.750",6,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is<br>classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or<br>endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of<br>CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute<br>Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute<br>pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone<br>pancreatitis.",""],["Stomach Diseases",228216,1.1,"D013272","C06.405.748",25,"Description: Pathological processes involving the STOMACH.",""],["Anus, Imperforate",1936,0.0,"D001006","C06.198.050",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality characterized by the<br>persistence of the anal membrane, resulting in a thin membrane<br>covering the normal ANAL CANAL. Imperforation is not always<br>complete and is treated by surgery in infancy. This defect is<br>often associated with NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS; MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>and DOWN SYNDROME.",""],["Biliary Tract Neoplasms",31395,0.2,"D001661","C06.130.320",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the BILIARY TRACT including the<br>BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.",""],["Biliary Tract Neoplasms",31395,0.2,"D001661","C06.301.120",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer in the BILIARY TRACT including the<br>BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.",""],["Bile Reflux",533,0.0,"D001655","C06.130.140",0,"Description: Retrograde bile flow. Reflux of bile can be from the<br>duodenum to the stomach (DUODENOGASTRIC REFLUX); to the esophagus<br>(GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX); or to the PANCREAS.",""],["Biliary Atresia",3266,0.0,"D001656","C06.198.125",0,"Description: Progressive destruction or the absence of all or<br>part of the extrahepatic BILE DUCTS, resulting in the complete<br>obstruction of BILE flow. Usually, biliary atresia is found in<br>infants and accounts for one third of the neonatal cholestatic<br>JAUNDICE.",""],["Biliary Fistula",3069,0.0,"D001658","C06.267.150",0,"Description: Abnormal passage in any organ of the biliary tract<br>or between biliary organs and other organs.",""],["Gallbladder Diseases",39587,0.2,"D005705","C06.130.564",7,"Description: Diseases of the GALLBLADDER. They generally involve<br>the impairment of BILE flow, GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT,<br>infections, neoplasms, or other diseases.",""],["Cholelithiasis",32040,0.2,"D002769","C06.130.409",3,"Description: Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the BILIARY<br>TRACT, usually in the gallbladder (CHOLECYSTOLITHIASIS) or the<br>common bile duct (CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS).",""],["Cholestasis, Intrahepatic",12342,0.1,"D002780","C06.552.150",2,"Description: Impairment of bile flow due to injury to the<br>HEPATOCYTES; BILE CANALICULI; or the intrahepatic bile ducts<br>(BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC).",""],["Chylous Ascites",1394,0.0,"D002915","C06.844.200",0,"Description: Presence of milky lymph (CHYLE) in the PERITONEAL<br>CAVITY, with or without infection.",""],["Cystic Fibrosis",37072,0.2,"D003550","C06.689.202",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the<br>EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding<br>the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed<br>in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY<br>SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by<br>epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal<br>obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY<br>INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt<br>depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.",""],["Hepatitis",241648,1.2,"D006505","C06.552.380",19,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.",""],["Diaphragmatic Eventration",834,0.0,"D003965","C06.198.257",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality characterized by the<br>elevation of the DIAPHRAGM dome. It is the result of a thinned<br>diaphragmatic muscle and injured PHRENIC NERVE, allowing the<br>intra-abdominal viscera to push the diaphragm upward against the<br>LUNG.",""],["Liver Diseases, Parasitic",14551,0.1,"D008109","C06.552.664",3,"Description: Liver diseases caused by infections with PARASITES,<br>such as tapeworms (CESTODA) and flukes (TREMATODA).",""],["Hypertension, Portal",24929,0.1,"D006975","C06.552.494",1,"Description: Abnormal increase of resistance to blood flow within<br>the hepatic PORTAL SYSTEM, frequently seen in LIVER CIRRHOSIS and<br>conditions with obstruction of the PORTAL VEIN.",""],["Esophageal Atresia",3319,0.0,"D004933","C06.198.330",0,"Description: Congenital abnormality characterized by the lack of<br>full development of the ESOPHAGUS that commonly occurs with<br>TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA. Symptoms include excessive SALIVATION;<br>GAGGING; CYANOSIS; and DYSPNEA.",""],["Esophageal Fistula",6079,0.0,"D004937","C06.267.250",1,"Description: Abnormal passage communicating with the ESOPHAGUS.<br>The most common type is TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA between the<br>esophagus and the TRACHEA.",""],["Fatty Liver",38834,0.2,"D005234","C06.552.241",3,"Description: Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells<br>resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid<br>accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a<br>single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is<br>caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.",""],["Liver Diseases, Alcoholic",12410,0.1,"D008108","C06.552.645",3,"Description: Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It<br>usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities,<br>i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC<br>CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Gastric Fistula",2279,0.0,"D005747","C06.267.375",0,"Description: Abnormal passage communicating with the STOMACH.",""],["Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage",40561,0.2,"D006471","C06.405.227",3,"Description: Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL<br>TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.",""],["Hemoperitoneum",2529,0.0,"D006465","C06.844.400",0,"Description: Accumulations of blood in the PERITONEAL CAVITY due<br>to internal HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Hepatic Insufficiency",26709,0.1,"D048550","C06.552.308",6,"Description: Conditions in which the LIVER functions fall below<br>the normal ranges. Severe hepatic insufficiency may cause LIVER<br>FAILURE or DEATH. Treatment may include LIVER TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Budd-Chiari Syndrome",3299,0.0,"D006502","C06.552.347",0,"Description: A condition in which the hepatic venous outflow is<br>obstructed anywhere from the small HEPATIC VEINS to the junction<br>of the INFERIOR VENA CAVA and the RIGHT ATRIUM. Usually the<br>blockage is extrahepatic and caused by blood clots (THROMBUS) or<br>fibrous webs. Parenchymal FIBROSIS is uncommon.",""],["Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease",1467,0.0,"D006504","C06.552.360",0,"Description: Liver disease that is caused by injuries to the<br>ENDOTHELIAL CELLS of the vessels and subendothelial EDEMA, but<br>not by THROMBOSIS. Extracellular matrix, rich in FIBRONECTINS, is<br>usually deposited around the HEPATIC VEINS leading to venous<br>outflow occlusion and sinusoidal obstruction.",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.0,"D006527","C06.552.413",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Liver Neoplasms",254132,1.3,"D008113","C06.301.623",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.",""],["Liver Neoplasms",254132,1.3,"D008113","C06.552.697",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.",""],["Hepatomegaly",1828,0.0,"D006529","C06.552.416",0,"Description: Enlargement of the liver.",""],["Hepatorenal Syndrome",1391,0.0,"D006530","C06.552.465",0,"Description: Functional KIDNEY FAILURE in patients with liver<br>disease, usually LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension<br>(HYPERTENSION, PORTAL), and in the absence of intrinsic renal<br>disease or kidney abnormality. It is characterized by intense<br>renal vasculature constriction, reduced renal blood flow,<br>OLIGURIA, and sodium retention.",""],["Hirschsprung Disease",4582,0.0,"D006627","C06.198.439",0,"Description: Congenital MEGACOLON resulting from the absence of<br>ganglion cells (aganglionosis) in a distal segment of the LARGE<br>INTESTINE. The aganglionic segment is permanently contracted thus<br>causing dilatation proximal to it. In most cases, the aganglionic<br>segment is within the RECTUM and SIGMOID COLON.",""],["Intestinal Atresia",1826,0.0,"D007409","C06.198.719",0,"Description: Congenital obliteration of the lumen of the<br>intestine, with the ILEUM involved in 50% of the cases and the<br>JEJUNUM and DUODENUM following in frequency. It is the most<br>frequent cause of INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION in NEWBORNS. (From<br>Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Intestinal Fistula",13842,0.1,"D007412","C06.267.550",2,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the<br>INTESTINE, and another segment of the intestine or other organs.<br>External intestinal fistula is connected to the SKIN<br>(enterocutaneous fistula). Internal intestinal fistula can be<br>connected to a number of organs, such as STOMACH (gastrocolic<br>fistula), the BILIARY TRACT (cholecystoduodenal fistula), or the<br>URINARY BLADDER of the URINARY TRACT (colovesical fistula). Risk<br>factors include inflammatory processes, cancer, radiation<br>treatment, and surgical misadventures (MEDICAL ERRORS).",""],["Liver Abscess",8057,0.0,"D008100","C06.552.597",2,"Description: Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the<br>liver as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other<br>agents.",""],["Liver Cirrhosis",74739,0.4,"D008103","C06.552.630",3,"Description: Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation,<br>the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have<br>been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa<br>surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.",""],["Meckel Diverticulum",3622,0.0,"D008467","C06.198.859",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality characterized by the<br>outpouching or sac formation in the ILEUM. It is a remnant of the<br>embryonic YOLK SAC in which the VITELLINE DUCT failed to close.",""],["Peritoneal Neoplasms",16674,0.1,"D010534","C06.844.620",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.",""],["Mesenteric Lymphadenitis",544,0.0,"D008640","C06.844.520",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of LYMPH NODES in the MESENTERY.",""],["Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion",3798,0.0,"D008641","C06.844.550",0,"Description: Obstruction of the flow in the SPLANCHNIC<br>CIRCULATION by ATHEROSCLEROSIS; EMBOLISM; THROMBOSIS; STENOSIS;<br>TRAUMA; and compression or intrinsic pressure from adjacent<br>tumors. Rare causes are drugs, intestinal parasites, and vascular<br>immunoinflammatory diseases such as PERIARTERITIS NODOSA and<br>THROMBOANGIITIS OBLITERANS. (From Juergens et al., Peripheral<br>Vascular Diseases, 5th ed, pp295-6)",""],["Pancreatic Cyst",7400,0.0,"D010181","C06.689.500",1,"Description: A true cyst of the PANCREAS, distinguished from the<br>much more common PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST by possessing a lining of<br>mucous EPITHELIUM. Pancreatic cysts are categorized as<br>congenital, retention, neoplastic, parasitic, enterogenous, or<br>dermoid. Congenital cysts occur more frequently as solitary cysts<br>but may be multiple. Retention cysts are gross enlargements of<br>PANCREATIC DUCTS secondary to ductal obstruction. (From Bockus<br>Gastroenterology, 4th ed, p4145)",""],["Pancreatic Fistula",2865,0.0,"D010185","C06.267.775",0,"Description: Abnormal passage communicating with the PANCREAS.",""],["Pancreatic Fistula",2865,0.0,"D010185","C06.689.583",0,"Description: Abnormal passage communicating with the PANCREAS.",""],["Peliosis Hepatis",340,0.0,"D010382","C06.552.802",0,"Description: A vascular disease of the LIVER characterized by the<br>occurrence of multiple blood-filled CYSTS or cavities. The cysts<br>are lined with ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; the cavities lined with hepatic<br>parenchymal cells (HEPATOCYTES). Peliosis hepatis has been<br>associated with use of anabolic steroids (ANABOLIC AGENTS) and<br>certain drugs.",""],["Peritoneal Neoplasms",15784,0.1,"D010534","C06.301.780",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.",""],["Peritonitis",22180,0.1,"D010538","C06.844.640",2,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL<br>CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical<br>processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the<br>PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and<br>without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from<br>the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-<br>abdominal organs.",""],["Pneumoperitoneum",3344,0.0,"D011027","C06.844.670",0,"Description: A condition with trapped gas or air in the<br>PERITONEAL CAVITY, usually secondary to perforation of the<br>internal organs such as the LUNG and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT,<br>or to recent surgery. Pneumoperitoneum may be purposely<br>introduced to aid radiological examination.",""],["Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal",3060,0.0,"D014385","C06.405.874",0,"Description: TUBERCULOSIS that involves any region of the<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, mostly in the distal ILEUM and the CECUM.<br>In most cases, MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS is the pathogen.<br>Clinical features include ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and palpable<br>mass in the ileocecal area.",""],["Tuberculosis, Hepatic",828,0.0,"D014386","C06.552.933",0,"Description: Infection of the LIVER with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM, most often MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS. It is<br>characterized by localized small tuberculous miliary lesions or<br>tumor-like mass (TUBERCULOMA), and abnormalities in liver<br>function tests.",""],["Visceral Prolapse",182,0.0,"D014782","C06.405.937",0,"Description: The prolapse or downward displacement of the<br>VISCERA.",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C06.552.970",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Panniculitis, Peritoneal",484,0.0,"D015436","C06.844.600",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the underlying layer of ADIPOSE<br>TISSUE (panniculus) of the PERITONEUM, usually of the MESENTERY<br>or the OMENTUM. There are several forms with various names and<br>are usually characterized by infiltration of LYMPHOCYTES and<br>NEUTROPHILS, fat NECROSIS, and FIBROSIS.",""],["Choledochal Cyst",2267,0.0,"D015529","C06.198.184",1,"Description: A congenital anatomic malformation of a bile duct,<br>including cystic dilatation of the extrahepatic bile duct or the<br>large intrahepatic bile duct. Classification is based on the site<br>and type of dilatation. Type I is most common.",""],["Porphyrias, Hepatic",3410,0.0,"D017094","C06.552.830",6,"Description: A group of metabolic diseases due to deficiency of<br>one of a number of LIVER enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of<br>HEME. They are characterized by the accumulation and increased<br>excretion of PORPHYRINS or its precursors. Clinical features<br>include neurological symptoms (PORPHYRIA, ACUTE INTERMITTENT),<br>cutaneous lesions due to photosensitivity (PORPHYRIA CUTANEA<br>TARDA), or both (HEREDITARY COPROPORPHYRIA). Hepatic porphyrias<br>can be hereditary or acquired as a result of toxicity to the<br>hepatic tissues.",""],["Postcholecystectomy Syndrome",323,0.0,"D017562","C06.130.825",0,"Description: Abdominal symptoms after removal of the GALLBLADDER.<br>The common postoperative symptoms are often the same as those<br>present before the operation, such as COLIC, bloating, NAUSEA,<br>and VOMITING. There is pain on palpation of the right upper<br>quadrant and sometimes JAUNDICE. The term is often used,<br>inaccurately, to describe such postoperative symptoms not due to<br>gallbladder removal.",""],["alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency",3182,0.0,"D019896","C06.552.074",0,"Description: Deficiency of the protease inhibitor ALPHA<br>1-ANTITRYPSIN that manifests primarily as PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA and<br>LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Hepatopulmonary Syndrome",990,0.0,"D020065","C06.552.455",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by the clinical triad of<br>advanced chronic liver disease, pulmonary vascular dilatations,<br>and reduced arterial oxygenation (HYPOXEMIA) in the absence of<br>intrinsic cardiopulmonary disease. This syndrome is common in the<br>patients with LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension<br>(HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).",""],["Focal Nodular Hyperplasia",1015,0.0,"D020518","C06.552.270",0,"Description: Solitary or multiple benign hepatic vascular tumors,<br>usually occurring in women of 20-50 years of age. The nodule,<br>poorly encapsulated, consists of a central stellate fibrous scar<br>and normal liver elements such as HEPATOCYTES, small BILE DUCTS,<br>and KUPFFER CELLS among the intervening fibrous septa. The pale<br>colored central scar represents large blood vessels with<br>hyperplastic fibromuscular layer and narrowing lumen.",""],["Congenital Hyperinsulinism",837,0.0,"D044903","C06.689.150",1,"Description: A familial, nontransient HYPOGLYCEMIA with defects<br>in negative feedback of GLUCOSE-regulated INSULIN release.<br>Clinical phenotypes include HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPERINSULINEMIA;<br>SEIZURES; COMA; and often large BIRTH WEIGHT. Several sub-types<br>exist with the most common, type 1, associated with mutations on<br>an ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS (subfamily C, member 8).",""],["Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury",25441,0.1,"D056486","C06.552.100",2,"Description: A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from<br>mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by<br>drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and<br>chemicals from the environment.",""],["Peritoneal Fibrosis",759,0.0,"D056627","C06.844.610",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by a wide range of structural<br>changes in PERITONEUM, resulting from fibrogenic or inflammatory<br>processes. Peritoneal fibrosis is a common complication in<br>patients receiving PERITONEAL DIALYSIS and contributes to its<br>gradual decrease in efficiency.",""],["Mesenteric Ischemia",1316,0.0,"D065666","C06.844.460",0,"Description: Ischemic tissue injury produced by insufficient<br>perfusion of intestinal tissue by the MESENTERIC CIRCULATION<br>(i.e., CELIAC ARTERY; SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY; INFERERIOR<br>MESENTERIC ARTERY; and MESENTERIC VEINS). It can progress from<br>ISCHEMIA; EDEMA; and GANGRENE of the bowel wall to PERITONITIS<br>and cardiovascular collapse.",""],["Digestive System Abnormalities",24112,0.1,"D004065","C06.198",12,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the DIGESTIVE<br>SYSTEM.",""],["Gastrointestinal Diseases",2423104,12.0,"D005767","C06.405",270,"Description: Diseases in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL<br>TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.",""],["Digestive System Neoplasms",860793,4.3,"D004067","C06.301",42,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.",""],["Pancreatic Diseases",214744,1.1,"D010182","C06.689",25,"Description: Pathological processes of the PANCREAS.",""],["Biliary Tract Diseases",190154,0.9,"D001660","C06.130",38,"Description: Diseases in any part of the BILIARY TRACT including<br>the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.",""],["Liver Diseases",813937,4.0,"D008107","C06.552",77,"Description: Pathological processes of the LIVER.",""],["Digestive System Fistula",28490,0.1,"D016154","C06.267",8,"Description: An abnormal passage communicating between any<br>components of the digestive system, or between any part of the<br>digestive system and surrounding organ(s).",""],["Peritoneal Diseases",57769,0.3,"D010532","C06.844",13,"Description: Pathological processes involving the PERITONEUM.",""],["Digestive System Diseases",4617128,22.9,"D004066","C06",493,"Description: Diseases in any part of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT<br>or the accessory organs (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Gland Neoplasms","Anal Gland Neoplasms","Anal Gland Neoplasms","Anal Gland Neoplasms","Respiratory Aspiration of Gastric Contents","Colitis-Associated Neoplasms","Colitis-Associated Neoplasms","Colitis-Associated Neoplasms","Colitis-Associated Neoplasms","Anus Neoplasms","Anus Neoplasms","Anus Neoplasms","Anal Gland Neoplasms","Anus Neoplasms","Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction","Gardner Syndrome","Gardner Syndrome","Gardner Syndrome","Gardner Syndrome","Sigmoid Neoplasms","Sigmoid Neoplasms","Sigmoid Neoplasms","Sigmoid Neoplasms","Zenker Diverticulum","Colitis, Collagenous","Colitis, Lymphocytic","Laryngopharyngeal Reflux","Colonic Neoplasms","Colonic Neoplasms","Colonic Neoplasms","Colonic Neoplasms","Rectal Neoplasms","Rectal Neoplasms","Rectal Neoplasms","Anus Neoplasms","Rectal Neoplasms","Appendiceal Neoplasms","Appendiceal Neoplasms","Appendiceal Neoplasms","Appendiceal Neoplasms","Colitis, Ulcerative","Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction","Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction","Colorectal Neoplasms, 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Syndrome","Celiac Disease","Cholestasis, Intrahepatic","Colitis","Colitis, Ulcerative","Colitis, Ulcerative","Colitis, Ulcerative","Colonic Diseases, Functional","Ileus","Common Bile Duct Neoplasms","Common Bile Duct Neoplasms","Common Bile Duct Neoplasms","Common Bile Duct Neoplasms","Crohn Disease","Crohn Disease","Cryptosporidiosis","Hepatitis D","Vipoma","Vipoma","Dientamoebiasis","Diverticulitis","Diverticulosis, Colonic","Diverticulum","Dumping Syndrome","Duodenal Neoplasms","Duodenal Neoplasms","Duodenal Neoplasms","Duodenal Neoplasms","Duodenal Obstruction","Duodenal Obstruction","Peptic Ulcer","Duodenal Ulcer","Duodenitis","Duodenitis","Duodenitis","Duodenogastric Reflux","Dysentery, Amebic","Dysentery, Amebic","Dysentery, Amebic","Dysentery, Bacillary","Dysentery, Bacillary","Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous","Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous","Esophageal Motility Disorders","Esophagitis, Peptic","Esophagitis, Peptic","Esophagitis, Peptic","Fecal Incontinence","Fecal 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Nodular Hyperplasia","Congenital Hyperinsulinism","Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury","Peritoneal Fibrosis","Mesenteric Ischemia","Digestive System Abnormalities","Gastrointestinal Diseases","Digestive System Neoplasms","Pancreatic Diseases","Biliary Tract Diseases","Liver Diseases","Digestive System Fistula","Peritoneal Diseases","Digestive System 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Nerve Injuries",20,0.0,"D000080902","C07.465.299.625.500.349.750",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the MANDIBULAR NERVE and its<br>branches. Note that marginal mandibular nerve injury is a type of<br>FACIAL NERVE INJURIES. Injuries to LINGUAL NERVE branch of<br>mandibular nerve is LINGUAL NERVE INJURIES.",""],["Lingual Nerve Injuries",282,0.0,"D061222","C07.465.299.625.500.349.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the LINGUAL NERVE. It may be a<br>complication following dental treatments.",""],["Trigeminal Nerve Injuries",1322,0.0,"D061221","C07.465.299.625.500.349",2,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. It may<br>result in extreme pain, abnormal sensation in the areas the nerve<br>innervates on face, jaw, gums and tongue and can cause<br>difficulties with speech and chewing. It is sometimes associated<br>with various dental treatments.",""],["Fibromatosis, Gingival",381,0.0,"D005351","C07.465.714.258.428.200",0,"Description: Generalized or localized diffuse fibrous overgrowth<br>of the gingival tissue, usually transmitted as an autosomal<br>dominant trait, but some cases are idiopathic and others produced<br>by drugs. The enlarged gingiva is pink, firm, and has a leather-<br>like consistency with a minutely pebbled surface and in severe<br>cases the teeth are almost completely covered and the enlargement<br>projects into the oral vestibule. (Dorland, 28th ed)",""],["Gingival Hyperplasia",1250,0.0,"D005885","C07.465.714.258.428.250",0,"Description: Non-inflammatory enlargement of the gingivae<br>produced by factors other than local irritation. It is<br>characteristically due to an increase in the number of cells.<br>(From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p400)",""],["Gingival Hypertrophy",242,0.0,"D005886","C07.465.714.258.428.260",0,"Description: Abnormal enlargement or overgrowth of the gingivae<br>brought about by enlargement of existing cells.",""],["Gingival Pocket",210,0.0,"D005888","C07.465.714.258.480.360",0,"Description: An abnormal extension of a gingival sulcus not<br>accompanied by the apical migration of the epithelial attachment.",""],["Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative",782,0.0,"D005892","C07.465.714.258.480.446",0,"Description: An acute or chronic GINGIVITIS characterized by<br>redness and swelling, NECROSIS extending from the interdental<br>papillae along the gingival margins, PAIN; HEMORRHAGE, necrotic<br>odor, and often a pseudomembrane. The condition may extend to the<br>ORAL MUCOSA; TONGUE; PALATE; or PHARYNX. The etiology is somewhat<br>unclear, but may involve a complex of FUSOBACTERIUM NUCLEATUM<br>along with spirochetes BORRELIA or TREPONEMA.",""],["Mumps",3959,0.1,"D009107","C07.465.815.470.800.630",0,"Description: An acute infectious disease caused by RUBULAVIRUS,<br>spread by direct contact, airborne droplet nuclei, fomites<br>contaminated by infectious saliva, and perhaps urine, and usually<br>seen in children under the age of 15, although adults may also be<br>affected. (From Dorland, 28th ed)",""],["Periapical Abscess",1061,0.0,"D010482","C07.465.714.306.700.700",0,"Description: Acute or chronic inflammation of tissues surrounding<br>the apical portion of a tooth, associated with the collection of<br>pus, resulting from infection following pulp infection through a<br>carious lesion or as a result of an injury causing pulp necrosis.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Periapical Abscess",1061,0.0,"D010482","C07.465.714.533.487.700",0,"Description: Acute or chronic inflammation of tissues surrounding<br>the apical portion of a tooth, associated with the collection of<br>pus, resulting from infection following pulp infection through a<br>carious lesion or as a result of an injury causing pulp necrosis.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Periapical Granuloma",588,0.0,"D010484","C07.465.714.306.700.740",0,"Description: Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation of periapical<br>tissue resulting from irritation following pulp disease or<br>endodontic treatment.",""],["Periapical Granuloma",588,0.0,"D010484","C07.465.714.533.487.740",0,"Description: Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation of periapical<br>tissue resulting from irritation following pulp disease or<br>endodontic treatment.",""],["Radicular Cyst",855,0.0,"D011842","C07.320.450.670.513.811",0,"Description: Slow-growing fluid-filled epithelial sac at the apex<br>of a tooth with a nonvital pulp or defective root canal filling.",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome",3920,0.1,"D013706","C07.320.610.291.897.897",0,"Description: A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle<br>tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration<br>of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and<br>manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the<br>temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain<br>but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors.",""],["Trigeminal Neuralgia",6644,0.2,"D014277","C07.465.299.625.500.700",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of<br>excruciating pain lasting several seconds or longer in the<br>sensory distribution of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. Pain may be<br>initiated by stimulation of trigger points on the face, lips, or<br>gums or by movement of facial muscles or chewing. Associated<br>conditions include MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, vascular anomalies,<br>ANEURYSMS, and neoplasms. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p187)",""],["Peritonsillar Abscess",1094,0.0,"D000039","C07.550.781.750.500",0,"Description: An accumulation of purulent material in the area<br>between the PALATINE TONSIL and its capsule.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma",2059,0.1,"D000077274","C07.550.350.650.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the<br>NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous<br>cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY<br>ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian<br>populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS.<br>Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been<br>identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA,<br>KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma",2059,0.1,"D000077274","C07.550.745.650.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the<br>NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous<br>cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY<br>ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian<br>populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS.<br>Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been<br>identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA,<br>KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.",""],["Trigeminal Nerve Diseases",8881,0.3,"D020433","C07.465.299.625.500",4,"Description: Diseases of the trigeminal nerve or its nuclei,<br>which are located in the pons and medulla. The nerve is composed<br>of three divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular, which<br>provide sensory innervation to structures of the face, sinuses,<br>and portions of the cranial vault. The mandibular nerve also<br>innervates muscles of mastication. Clinical features include loss<br>of facial and intra-oral sensation and weakness of jaw closure.<br>Common conditions affecting the nerve include brain stem<br>ischemia, INFRATENTORIAL NEOPLASMS, and TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA.",""],["Amelogenesis Imperfecta",856,0.0,"D000567","C07.650.800.255.500",0,"Description: A clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of<br>hereditary conditions characterized by malformed DENTAL ENAMEL,<br>usually involving DENTAL ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA and/or TOOTH<br>HYPOMINERALIZATION.",""],["Amelogenesis Imperfecta",856,0.0,"D000567","C07.793.700.255.500",0,"Description: A clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of<br>hereditary conditions characterized by malformed DENTAL ENAMEL,<br>usually involving DENTAL ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA and/or TOOTH<br>HYPOMINERALIZATION.",""],["Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome",1276,0.0,"D001478","C07.320.450.670.130",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal<br>cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal<br>defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated<br>and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and<br>cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal<br>dominant.",""],["Cleft Palate",18633,0.6,"D002972","C07.650.500.460.185",0,"Description: Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate,<br>due to faulty fusion.",""],["Cracked Tooth Syndrome",266,0.0,"D003387","C07.793.850.750.300",0,"Description: Incomplete fracture of any part of a tooth,<br>characterized by pain during mastication and sensitivity to heat,<br>cold, sweet or sour tastes, and alcohol; it is often undiagnosed<br>because the tooth is usually X-ray negative and normal to pulp<br>vitality tests.",""],["Dental Fissures",273,0.0,"D003750","C07.793.720.210.220",0,"Description: Deep grooves or clefts in the surface of teeth<br>equivalent to class 1 cavities in Black's classification of<br>dental caries.",""],["Dentigerous Cyst",1395,0.0,"D003803","C07.320.450.670.275",0,"Description: Most common follicular odontogenic cyst. Occurs in<br>relation to a partially erupted or unerupted tooth with at least<br>the crown of the tooth to which the cyst is attached protruding<br>into the cystic cavity. May give rise to an ameloblastoma and, in<br>rare instances, undergo malignant transformation.",""],["Gingival Overgrowth",2464,0.1,"D019214","C07.465.714.258.428",3,"Description: Excessive growth of the gingiva either by an<br>increase in the size of the constituent cells (GINGIVAL<br>HYPERTROPHY) or by an increase in their number (GINGIVAL<br>HYPERPLASIA). (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992,<br>p574)",""],["Gingival Hemorrhage",426,0.0,"D005884","C07.465.714.258.250",0,"Description: The flowing of blood from the marginal gingival<br>area, particularly the sulcus, seen in such conditions as<br>GINGIVITIS, marginal PERIODONTITIS, injury, and ASCORBIC ACID<br>DEFICIENCY.",""],["Gingival Neoplasms",1929,0.1,"D005887","C07.465.714.258.409",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the GINGIVA.",""],["Gingivitis",7221,0.2,"D005891","C07.465.714.258.480",2,"Description: Inflammation of gum tissue (GINGIVA) without loss of<br>connective tissue.",""],["Gingival Recession",2083,0.1,"D005889","C07.465.714.258.447",0,"Description: Exposure of the root surface when the edge of the<br>gum (GINGIVA) moves apically away from the crown of the tooth.<br>This is common with advancing age, vigorous tooth brushing,<br>diseases, or tissue loss of the gingiva, the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT<br>and the supporting bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS).",""],["Gingival Recession",2083,0.1,"D005889","C07.465.714.354.625",0,"Description: Exposure of the root surface when the edge of the<br>gum (GINGIVA) moves apically away from the crown of the tooth.<br>This is common with advancing age, vigorous tooth brushing,<br>diseases, or tissue loss of the gingiva, the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT<br>and the supporting bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS).",""],["Glossitis, Benign Migratory",305,0.0,"D005929","C07.465.910.363.447",0,"Description: An idiopathic disorder of the tongue characterized<br>by the loss of filiform papillae leaving reddened areas of<br>circinate macules bound by a white band. The lesions heal, then<br>others erupt.",""],["Granuloma, Giant Cell",1713,0.1,"D006101","C07.465.714.258.557",0,"Description: A non-neoplastic inflammatory lesion, usually of the<br>jaw or gingiva, containing large, multinucleated cells. It<br>includes reparative giant cell granuloma. Peripheral giant cell<br>granuloma refers to the gingiva (giant cell epulis); central<br>refers to the jaw.",""],["Jaw, Edentulous, Partially",2073,0.1,"D007576","C07.465.550.425.450",0,"Description: Absence of teeth from a portion of the mandible<br>and/or maxilla.",""],["Jaw, Edentulous, Partially",2073,0.1,"D007576","C07.793.597.425.450",0,"Description: Absence of teeth from a portion of the mandible<br>and/or maxilla.",""],["Mesial Movement of Teeth",74,0.0,"D008644","C07.465.714.836.535",0,"Description: Migration of the teeth toward the midline or forward<br>in the DENTAL ARCH. (From Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology,<br>4th ed)",""],["Micrognathism",905,0.0,"D008844","C07.650.500.460.457",0,"Description: Abnormally small jaw.",""],["Parotitis",5889,0.2,"D010309","C07.465.815.470.800",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the PAROTID GLAND.",""],["Parotid Neoplasms",8458,0.3,"D010307","C07.465.530.824.695",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PAROTID GLAND.",""],["Parotid Neoplasms",8458,0.3,"D010307","C07.465.815.470.770",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PAROTID GLAND.",""],["Parotid Neoplasms",8458,0.3,"D010307","C07.465.815.718.589",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PAROTID GLAND.",""],["Parotitis",1930,0.1,"D010309","C07.465.815.793.500",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the PAROTID GLAND.",""],["Periapical Abscess",1061,0.0,"D010482","C07.320.830.700.700",0,"Description: Acute or chronic inflammation of tissues surrounding<br>the apical portion of a tooth, associated with the collection of<br>pus, resulting from infection following pulp infection through a<br>carious lesion or as a result of an injury causing pulp necrosis.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Periapical Periodontitis",3929,0.1,"D010485","C07.465.714.306.700",2,"Description: Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes<br>general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation.<br>Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA.<br>Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.",""],["Periapical Periodontitis",3929,0.1,"D010485","C07.465.714.533.487",2,"Description: Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes<br>general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation.<br>Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA.<br>Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.",""],["Periapical Granuloma",588,0.0,"D010484","C07.320.830.700.740",0,"Description: Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation of periapical<br>tissue resulting from irritation following pulp disease or<br>endodontic treatment.",""],["Pericoronitis",198,0.0,"D010497","C07.465.714.258.771",0,"Description: Inflammation of the gingiva surrounding the crown of<br>a tooth.",""],["Periodontal Abscess",406,0.0,"D010508","C07.465.714.533.650",0,"Description: Localized circumscribed purulent area of<br>inflammation in the periodontal tissue. It is a derivative of<br>marginal periodontitis and commonly associated with suprabony and<br>infrabony pockets and interradicular involvements, in contrast to<br>periapical abscess which is attributable to pulp necrosis.",""],["Periodontal Cyst",1142,0.0,"D010509","C07.320.450.670.513",1,"Description: An epithelium-lined sac containing fluid; usually<br>found at the apex of a pulp-involved tooth. The lateral type<br>occurs less frequently along the side of the root.",""],["Periodontal Pocket",1755,0.1,"D010514","C07.465.714.533.750",0,"Description: An abnormal extension of a gingival sulcus<br>accompanied by the apical migration of the epithelial attachment<br>and bone resorption.",""],["Aggressive Periodontitis",1906,0.1,"D010520","C07.465.714.533.161",0,"Description: Inflammation and loss of PERIODONTIUM that is<br>characterized by rapid attachment loss and bone destruction in<br>the presence of little local factors such as DENTAL PLAQUE and<br>DENTAL CALCULUS. This highly destructive form of periodontitis<br>often occurs in young people and was called early-onset<br>periodontitis, but this disease also appears in old people.",""],["Pierre Robin Syndrome",1344,0.0,"D010855","C07.650.500.460.606",0,"Description: Congenital malformation characterized by<br>MICROGNATHIA or RETROGNATHIA; GLOSSOPTOSIS and CLEFT PALATE. The<br>mandibular abnormalities often result in difficulties in sucking<br>and swallowing. The syndrome may be isolated or associated with<br>other syndromes (e.g., ANDERSEN SYNDROME; CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA).<br>Developmental mis-expression of SOX9 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR gene on<br>chromosome 17q and its surrounding region is associated with the<br>syndrome.",""],["Prognathism",2092,0.1,"D011378","C07.650.500.460.655",0,"Description: A condition marked by abnormal protrusion of the<br>mandible. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Radicular Cyst",855,0.0,"D011842","C07.465.714.306.820",0,"Description: Slow-growing fluid-filled epithelial sac at the apex<br>of a tooth with a nonvital pulp or defective root canal filling.",""],["Salivary Duct Calculi",743,0.0,"D012465","C07.465.815.497.325",0,"Description: Presence of small calculi in the terminal salivary<br>ducts (salivary sand), or stones (larger calculi) found in the<br>larger ducts.",""],["Sjogren's Syndrome",12815,0.4,"D012859","C07.465.815.929.669",0,"Description: Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which<br>the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction<br>by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production<br>of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca<br>syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and<br>XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the<br>presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid<br>arthritis.",""],["Sublingual Gland Neoplasms",119,0.0,"D013362","C07.465.530.824.882",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the sublingual glands.",""],["Sublingual Gland Neoplasms",119,0.0,"D013362","C07.465.815.718.870",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the sublingual glands.",""],["Submandibular Gland Neoplasms",956,0.0,"D013365","C07.465.530.824.885",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SUBMANDIBULAR<br>GLAND.",""],["Submandibular Gland Neoplasms",956,0.0,"D013365","C07.465.815.718.885",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SUBMANDIBULAR<br>GLAND.",""],["Submandibular Gland Neoplasms",956,0.0,"D013365","C07.465.815.882.500",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SUBMANDIBULAR<br>GLAND.",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Disorders",16865,0.5,"D013705","C07.320.610.291.897",1,"Description: A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and<br>functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint.<br>Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular<br>diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the<br>symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred<br>pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional<br>diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where<br>tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or<br>nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities,<br>trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From<br>Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)",""],["Tonsillar Neoplasms",2323,0.1,"D014067","C07.550.745.671.800",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PALATINE TONSIL.",""],["Salivary Gland Calculi",928,0.0,"D015494","C07.465.815.497.500",0,"Description: Calculi occurring in a salivary gland. Most salivary<br>gland calculi occur in the submandibular gland, but can also<br>occur in the parotid gland and in the sublingual and minor<br>salivary glands.",""],["Alveolar Bone Loss",6535,0.2,"D016301","C07.465.714.354.500",0,"Description: Resorption or wasting of the tooth-supporting bone<br>(ALVEOLAR PROCESS) in the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE.",""],["Root Caries",590,0.0,"D017213","C07.793.720.210.650",0,"Description: Dental caries involving the tooth root, cementum, or<br>cervical area of the tooth.",""],["Periodontal Attachment Loss",633,0.0,"D017622","C07.465.714.354.750",0,"Description: Loss or destruction of periodontal tissue caused by<br>periodontitis or other destructive periodontal diseases or by<br>injury during instrumentation. Attachment refers to the<br>periodontal ligament which attaches to the alveolar bone. It has<br>been hypothesized that treatment of the underlying periodontal<br>disease and the seeding of periodontal ligament cells enable the<br>creating of new attachment.",""],["Leukoplakia, Hairy",177,0.0,"D017733","C07.465.530.545.500",0,"Description: Epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa associated<br>with Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) and found almost<br>exclusively in persons with HIV infection. The lesion consists of<br>a white patch that is often corrugated or hairy.",""],["Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying",235,0.0,"D018333","C07.320.450.670.495",0,"Description: A mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion of the jaws<br>with features of both a cyst and a solid neoplasm. It is<br>characterized microscopically by an epithelial lining showing a<br>palisaded layer of columnar basal cells, presence of ghost cell<br>keratinization, dentinoid, and calcification. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Chronic Periodontitis",3394,0.1,"D055113","C07.465.714.533.324",0,"Description: Chronic inflammation and loss of PERIODONTIUM that<br>is associated with the amount of DENTAL PLAQUE or DENTAL CALCULUS<br>present. Chronic periodontitis occurs mostly in adults and was<br>called adult periodontitis, but this disease can appear in young<br>people.",""],["Overbite",364,0.0,"D057887","C07.793.494.630.500",0,"Description: A malocclusion in which maxillary incisor and canine<br>teeth project over the mandibular teeth excessively. The overlap<br>is measured perpendicular to the occlusal plane and is also<br>called vertical overlap. When the overlap is measured parallel to<br>the occlusal plane it is referred to as overjet.",""],["Retrognathia",879,0.0,"D063173","C07.650.500.460.827",0,"Description: A physical misalignment of the upper (maxilla) and<br>lower (mandibular) jaw bones in which either or both recede<br>relative to the frontal plane of the forehead.",""],["Tonsillitis",6549,0.2,"D014069","C07.550.781.750",1,"Description: Inflammation of the tonsils, especially the PALATINE<br>TONSILS but the ADENOIDS (pharyngeal tonsils) and lingual tonsils<br>may also be involved. Tonsillitis usually is caused by bacterial<br>infection. Tonsillitis may be acute, chronic, or recurrent.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms",19917,0.6,"D009303","C07.550.350.650",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms",19917,0.6,"D009303","C07.550.745.650",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.",""],["Facial Neuralgia",9880,0.3,"D005156","C07.465.299.625",5,"Description: Neuralgic syndromes which feature chronic or<br>recurrent FACIAL PAIN as the primary manifestation of disease.<br>Disorders of the trigeminal and facial nerves are frequently<br>associated with these conditions.",""],["Kimura Disease",58,0.0,"D000082242","C07.465.815.178",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory disease characterized by<br>benign enlargement of cervical LYMPH NODE and SALIVARY GLANDS<br>with increased levels of IMMUNOGLOBULIN E. Unlike ANGIOLYMPHOID<br>HYPERPLASIA WITH EOSINOPHILIA it involves eosinophil infiltrates<br>in lymph node and salivary glands and mostly found in Asian<br>males.",""],["Dental Enamel Hypoplasia",2262,0.1,"D003744","C07.650.800.255",1,"Description: An acquired or hereditary condition due to<br>deficiency in the formation of tooth enamel (AMELOGENESIS). It is<br>usually characterized by defective, thin, or malformed DENTAL<br>ENAMEL. Risk factors for enamel hypoplasia include gene<br>mutations, nutritional deficiencies, diseases, and environmental<br>factors.",""],["Dental Enamel Hypoplasia",2262,0.1,"D003744","C07.793.700.255",1,"Description: An acquired or hereditary condition due to<br>deficiency in the formation of tooth enamel (AMELOGENESIS). It is<br>usually characterized by defective, thin, or malformed DENTAL<br>ENAMEL. Risk factors for enamel hypoplasia include gene<br>mutations, nutritional deficiencies, diseases, and environmental<br>factors.",""],["Anodontia",2744,0.1,"D000848","C07.650.800.100",0,"Description: Congenital absence of the teeth; it may involve all<br>(total anodontia) or only some of the teeth (partial anodontia,<br>hypodontia), and both the deciduous and the permanent dentition,<br>or only teeth of the permanent dentition. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Anodontia",2744,0.1,"D000848","C07.793.700.100",0,"Description: Congenital absence of the teeth; it may involve all<br>(total anodontia) or only some of the teeth (partial anodontia,<br>hypodontia), and both the deciduous and the permanent dentition,<br>or only teeth of the permanent dentition. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Odontogenic Cysts",6451,0.2,"D009807","C07.320.450.670",5,"Description: Cysts found in the jaws and arising from epithelium<br>involved in tooth formation. They include follicular cysts (e.g.,<br>primordial cyst, dentigerous cyst, multilocular cyst), lateral<br>periodontal cysts, and radicular cysts. They may become<br>keratinized (odontogenic keratocysts). Follicular cysts may give<br>rise to ameloblastomas and, in rare cases, undergo malignant<br>transformation.",""],["Cheilitis",1040,0.0,"D002613","C07.465.409.215",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lips. It is of various<br>etiologies and degrees of pathology.",""],["Cleft Lip",14135,0.4,"D002971","C07.465.409.225",0,"Description: Congenital defect in the upper lip where the<br>maxillary prominence fails to merge with the merged medial nasal<br>prominences. It is thought to be caused by faulty migration of<br>the mesoderm in the head region.",""],["Cleft Lip",14135,0.4,"D002971","C07.465.525.164",0,"Description: Congenital defect in the upper lip where the<br>maxillary prominence fails to merge with the merged medial nasal<br>prominences. It is thought to be caused by faulty migration of<br>the mesoderm in the head region.",""],["Cleft Lip",14135,0.4,"D002971","C07.650.525.164",0,"Description: Congenital defect in the upper lip where the<br>maxillary prominence fails to merge with the merged medial nasal<br>prominences. It is thought to be caused by faulty migration of<br>the mesoderm in the head region.",""],["Cleft Palate",18633,0.6,"D002972","C07.320.440.185",0,"Description: Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate,<br>due to faulty fusion.",""],["Cleft Palate",18633,0.6,"D002972","C07.465.525.185",0,"Description: Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate,<br>due to faulty fusion.",""],["Jaw Abnormalities",25481,0.8,"D007569","C07.650.500.460",5,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the jaw.",""],["Cleft Palate",18633,0.6,"D002972","C07.650.525.185",0,"Description: Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate,<br>due to faulty fusion.",""],["Tooth Fractures",4351,0.1,"D014082","C07.793.850.750",1,"Description: Break or rupture of a tooth or tooth root.",""],["Dens in Dente",478,0.0,"D003719","C07.650.800.250",0,"Description: Anomaly of the tooth, found chiefly in upper lateral<br>incisors. It is characterized by invagination of the enamel at<br>the incisal edge.",""],["Dens in Dente",478,0.0,"D003719","C07.793.700.250",0,"Description: Anomaly of the tooth, found chiefly in upper lateral<br>incisors. It is characterized by invagination of the enamel at<br>the incisal edge.",""],["Dental Calculus",1402,0.0,"D003728","C07.793.208.250",0,"Description: Abnormal concretion or calcified deposit that forms<br>around the teeth or dental prostheses.",""],["Dental Caries",37701,1.2,"D003731","C07.793.720.210",2,"Description: Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated<br>by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of<br>organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left<br>unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and<br>reach the pulp.",""],["Dental Fistula",346,0.0,"D003751","C07.465.614.187",0,"Description: An abnormal passage in the oral cavity on the<br>gingiva.",""],["Dental Occlusion, Traumatic",1120,0.0,"D003769","C07.793.494.293",0,"Description: An occlusion resulting in overstrain and injury to<br>teeth, periodontal tissue, or other oral structures.",""],["Dental Plaque",9548,0.3,"D003773","C07.793.208.377",0,"Description: A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL<br>CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from<br>salivary glands, and microorganisms.",""],["Dental Pulp Calcification",360,0.0,"D003784","C07.793.237.252",0,"Description: CALCINOSIS of the DENTAL PULP or ROOT CANAL.",""],["Dental Pulp Exposure",270,0.0,"D003789","C07.793.237.283",0,"Description: The result of pathological changes in the hard<br>tissue of a tooth caused by carious lesions, mechanical factors,<br>or trauma, which render the pulp susceptible to bacterial<br>invasion from the external environment.",""],["Dental Pulp Necrosis",1115,0.0,"D003790","C07.793.237.315",0,"Description: Death of pulp tissue with or without bacterial<br>invasion. When the necrosis is due to ischemia with superimposed<br>bacterial infection, it is referred to as pulp gangrene. When the<br>necrosis is non-bacterial in origin, it is called pulp<br>mummification.",""],["Dentin Dysplasia",214,0.0,"D003805","C07.650.800.260",0,"Description: An apparently hereditary disorder of dentin<br>formation, marked by a normal appearance of coronal dentin<br>associated with pulpal obliteration, faulty root formation, and a<br>tendency for peripheral lesions without obvious cause. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Dentin Dysplasia",214,0.0,"D003805","C07.793.700.260",0,"Description: An apparently hereditary disorder of dentin<br>formation, marked by a normal appearance of coronal dentin<br>associated with pulpal obliteration, faulty root formation, and a<br>tendency for peripheral lesions without obvious cause. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Dentin, Secondary",553,0.0,"D003809","C07.793.237.378",0,"Description: Dentin formed by normal pulp after completion of<br>root end formation.",""],["Dentinogenesis Imperfecta",435,0.0,"D003811","C07.650.800.270",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of tooth development<br>characterized by opalescent dentin resulting in discoloration of<br>the teeth. The dentin develops poorly with low mineral content<br>while the pulp canal is obliterated.",""],["Dentinogenesis Imperfecta",435,0.0,"D003811","C07.793.700.270",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of tooth development<br>characterized by opalescent dentin resulting in discoloration of<br>the teeth. The dentin develops poorly with low mineral content<br>while the pulp canal is obliterated.",""],["Diastema",577,0.0,"D003970","C07.650.800.320",0,"Description: An abnormal opening or fissure between two adjacent<br>teeth.",""],["Diastema",577,0.0,"D003970","C07.793.700.320",0,"Description: An abnormal opening or fissure between two adjacent<br>teeth.",""],["Facial Hemiatrophy",879,0.0,"D005150","C07.465.299.375",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by slowly progressive<br>unilateral atrophy of facial subcutaneous fat, muscle tissue,<br>skin, cartilage, and bone. The condition typically progresses<br>over a period of 2-10 years and then stabilizes.",""],["Fibromatosis, Gingival",381,0.0,"D005351","C07.465.525.304",0,"Description: Generalized or localized diffuse fibrous overgrowth<br>of the gingival tissue, usually transmitted as an autosomal<br>dominant trait, but some cases are idiopathic and others produced<br>by drugs. The enlarged gingiva is pink, firm, and has a leather-<br>like consistency with a minutely pebbled surface and in severe<br>cases the teeth are almost completely covered and the enlargement<br>projects into the oral vestibule. (Dorland, 28th ed)",""],["Gingival Diseases",19482,0.6,"D005882","C07.465.714.258",12,"Description: Diseases involving the GINGIVA.",""],["Fibromatosis, Gingival",381,0.0,"D005351","C07.650.525.304",0,"Description: Generalized or localized diffuse fibrous overgrowth<br>of the gingival tissue, usually transmitted as an autosomal<br>dominant trait, but some cases are idiopathic and others produced<br>by drugs. The enlarged gingiva is pink, firm, and has a leather-<br>like consistency with a minutely pebbled surface and in severe<br>cases the teeth are almost completely covered and the enlargement<br>projects into the oral vestibule. (Dorland, 28th ed)",""],["Fused Teeth",385,0.0,"D005671","C07.650.800.370",0,"Description: Two teeth united during development by the union of<br>their tooth germs; the teeth may be joined by the enamel of their<br>crowns, by their root dentin, or by both.",""],["Fused Teeth",385,0.0,"D005671","C07.793.700.370",0,"Description: Two teeth united during development by the union of<br>their tooth germs; the teeth may be joined by the enamel of their<br>crowns, by their root dentin, or by both.",""],["Gingival Hemorrhage",426,0.0,"D005884","C07.465.625.446",0,"Description: The flowing of blood from the marginal gingival<br>area, particularly the sulcus, seen in such conditions as<br>GINGIVITIS, marginal PERIODONTITIS, injury, and ASCORBIC ACID<br>DEFICIENCY.",""],["Gingival Neoplasms",1929,0.1,"D005887","C07.465.530.402",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the GINGIVA.",""],["Periodontal Atrophy",9267,0.3,"D055093","C07.465.714.354",3,"Description: Degradation or wasting of the PERIODONTIUM tissues<br>that may involve the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR<br>PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, or the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.",""],["Glossalgia",238,0.0,"D005926","C07.465.910.280",0,"Description: Painful sensations in the tongue, including a<br>sensation of burning.",""],["Glossitis",776,0.0,"D005928","C07.465.910.363",1,"Description: Inflammation of the tongue.",""],["Herpes Labialis",856,0.0,"D006560","C07.465.409.466",0,"Description: Herpes simplex, caused by type 1 virus, primarily<br>spread by oral secretions and usually occurring as a concomitant<br>of fever. It may also develop in the absence of fever or prior<br>illness. It commonly involves the facial region, especially the<br>lips and the nares. (Dorland, 27th ed.)",""],["Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms",3133,0.1,"D007012","C07.550.745.436",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the HYPOPHARYNX.",""],["Jaw, Edentulous",4695,0.1,"D007575","C07.465.550.425",1,"Description: The total absence of teeth from either the mandible<br>or the maxilla, but not both. Total absence of teeth from both is<br>MOUTH, EDENTULOUS. Partial absence of teeth in either is JAW,<br>EDENTULOUS, PARTIALLY.",""],["Jaw, Edentulous",4695,0.1,"D007575","C07.793.597.425",1,"Description: The total absence of teeth from either the mandible<br>or the maxilla, but not both. Total absence of teeth from both is<br>MOUTH, EDENTULOUS. Partial absence of teeth in either is JAW,<br>EDENTULOUS, PARTIALLY.",""],["Jaw, Edentulous, Partially",2073,0.1,"D007576","C07.320.550.450",0,"Description: Absence of teeth from a portion of the mandible<br>and/or maxilla.",""],["Leukoplakia, Oral",2448,0.1,"D007972","C07.465.530.545",1,"Description: A white patch seen on the oral mucosa. It is<br>considered a premalignant condition and is often tobacco-induced.<br>When evidence of Epstein-Barr virus is present, the condition is<br>called hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).",""],["Lip Neoplasms",3302,0.1,"D008048","C07.465.409.640",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the LIP.",""],["Lip Neoplasms",3302,0.1,"D008048","C07.465.530.550",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the LIP.",""],["Macroglossia",557,0.0,"D008260","C07.465.910.460",0,"Description: The presence of an excessively large tongue, which<br>may be congenital or may develop as a result of a tumor or edema<br>due to obstruction of lymphatic vessels, or it may occur in<br>association with hyperpituitarism or acromegaly. It also may be<br>associated with malocclusion because of pressure of the tongue on<br>the teeth. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)",""],["Macrostomia",137,0.0,"D008265","C07.465.525.480",0,"Description: Greatly exaggerated width of the mouth, resulting<br>from failure of union of the maxillary and mandibular processes,<br>with extension of the oral orifice toward the ear. The defect may<br>be unilateral or bilateral. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Macrostomia",137,0.0,"D008265","C07.650.525.480",0,"Description: Greatly exaggerated width of the mouth, resulting<br>from failure of union of the maxillary and mandibular processes,<br>with extension of the oral orifice toward the ear. The defect may<br>be unilateral or bilateral. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Malocclusion, Angle Class I",783,0.0,"D008311","C07.793.494.610",0,"Description: Malocclusion in which the mandible and maxilla are<br>anteroposteriorly normal as reflected by the relationship of the<br>first permanent molar (i.e., in neutroclusion), but in which<br>individual teeth are abnormally related to each other.",""],["Malocclusion, Angle Class II",4833,0.2,"D008312","C07.793.494.630",1,"Description: Malocclusion in which the mandible is posterior to<br>the maxilla as reflected by the relationship of the first<br>permanent molar (distoclusion).",""],["Malocclusion, Angle Class III",2914,0.1,"D008313","C07.793.494.650",0,"Description: Malocclusion in which the mandible is anterior to<br>the maxilla as reflected by the first relationship of the first<br>permanent molar (mesioclusion).",""],["Mandibular Neoplasms",8558,0.3,"D008339","C07.320.515.583",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MANDIBLE.",""],["Mandibular Neoplasms",8558,0.3,"D008339","C07.320.610.583",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MANDIBLE.",""],["Maxillary Neoplasms",4923,0.2,"D008441","C07.320.515.601",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.",""],["Maxillary Neoplasms",4923,0.2,"D008441","C07.320.660.601",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.",""],["Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome",901,0.0,"D008556","C07.465.299.800",0,"Description: An idiopathic syndrome characterized by one or more<br>of the following; recurrent orofacial swelling, relapsing facial<br>paralysis, and fissured tongue (lingua plicata). The onset is<br>usually in childhood and relapses are common. Cheilitis<br>granulomatosa is a monosymptomatic variant of this condition.<br>(Dermatol Clin 1996 Apr;14(2):371-9; Magalini & Magalini,<br>Dictionary of Medical Syndromes, 4th ed, p531)",""],["Tooth Migration",658,0.0,"D014085","C07.465.714.836",1,"Description: The movement of teeth into altered positions in<br>relationship to the basal bone of the ALVEOLAR PROCESS and to<br>adjoining and opposing teeth as a result of loss of approximating<br>or opposing teeth, occlusal interferences, habits, inflammatory<br>and dystrophic disease of the attaching and supporting structures<br>of the teeth. (From Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th<br>ed)",""],["Micrognathism",905,0.0,"D008844","C07.320.440.457",0,"Description: Abnormally small jaw.",""],["Microstomia",237,0.0,"D008865","C07.465.525.520",0,"Description: A congenital defect in which the mouth is unusually<br>small. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Microstomia",237,0.0,"D008865","C07.650.525.520",0,"Description: A congenital defect in which the mouth is unusually<br>small. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Mikulicz' Disease",371,0.0,"D008882","C07.465.815.355",0,"Description: A chronic, benign, and usually painless inflammatory<br>swelling of the lacrimal and salivary glands. It is considered by<br>some to include the glandular enlargement associated with other<br>diseases, such as Sjogren's syndrome, sarcoidosis, lupus<br>erythematosus, etc.",""],["Parotid Diseases",16061,0.5,"D010305","C07.465.815.470",3,"Description: Diseases involving the PAROTID GLAND.",""],["Nasopharyngitis",257,0.0,"D009304","C07.550.350.700",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASOPHARYNX, usually including<br>its mucosa, related lymphoid structure, and glands.",""],["Nasopharyngitis",257,0.0,"D009304","C07.550.781.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASOPHARYNX, usually including<br>its mucosa, related lymphoid structure, and glands.",""],["Nonodontogenic Cysts",410,0.0,"D009631","C07.320.450.640",0,"Description: Cysts formed from epithelial inclusions in the lines<br>of fusion of the embryonic processes which form the jaws. They<br>include nasopalatine or incisive canal cyst, incisive papilla<br>cyst, globulomaxillary cyst, median palatal cyst, median alveolar<br>cyst, median mandibular cyst, and nasoalveolar cyst.",""],["Oroantral Fistula",589,0.0,"D009957","C07.465.614.421",0,"Description: A fistula between the maxillary sinus and the oral<br>cavity.",""],["Oropharyngeal Neoplasms",9206,0.3,"D009959","C07.550.745.671",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OROPHARYNX.",""],["Palatal Neoplasms",2200,0.1,"D010157","C07.320.515.692",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PALATE, including those of<br>the hard palate, soft palate and UVULA.",""],["Palatal Neoplasms",2200,0.1,"D010157","C07.465.530.692",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PALATE, including those of<br>the hard palate, soft palate and UVULA.",""],["Salivary Gland Neoplasms",18516,0.6,"D012468","C07.465.530.824",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.",""],["Salivary Gland Neoplasms",18516,0.6,"D012468","C07.465.815.718",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.",""],["Sialadenitis",3308,0.1,"D012793","C07.465.815.793",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of salivary tissue (SALIVARY GLANDS),<br>usually due to INFECTION or injuries.",""],["Periapical Periodontitis",3929,0.1,"D010485","C07.320.830.700",2,"Description: Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes<br>general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation.<br>Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA.<br>Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.",""],["Periapical Diseases",6013,0.2,"D010483","C07.465.714.306",4,"Description: Diseases of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE surrounding the<br>root of the tooth, which is distinguished from DENTAL PULP<br>DISEASES inside the TOOTH ROOT.",""],["Periodontitis",27905,0.9,"D010518","C07.465.714.533",7,"Description: Inflammation and loss of connective tissues<br>supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of<br>the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by<br>disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE<br>PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International<br>Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and<br>Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)",""],["Periodontal Cyst",287,0.0,"D010509","C07.465.714.470",0,"Description: An epithelium-lined sac containing fluid; usually<br>found at the apex of a pulp-involved tooth. The lateral type<br>occurs less frequently along the side of the root.",""],["Pierre Robin Syndrome",1344,0.0,"D010855","C07.320.440.606",0,"Description: Congenital malformation characterized by<br>MICROGNATHIA or RETROGNATHIA; GLOSSOPTOSIS and CLEFT PALATE. The<br>mandibular abnormalities often result in difficulties in sucking<br>and swallowing. The syndrome may be isolated or associated with<br>other syndromes (e.g., ANDERSEN SYNDROME; CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA).<br>Developmental mis-expression of SOX9 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR gene on<br>chromosome 17q and its surrounding region is associated with the<br>syndrome.",""],["Prognathism",2092,0.1,"D011378","C07.320.440.655",0,"Description: A condition marked by abnormal protrusion of the<br>mandible. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Prognathism",2092,0.1,"D011378","C07.320.610.655",0,"Description: A condition marked by abnormal protrusion of the<br>mandible. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Pulpitis",1805,0.1,"D011671","C07.793.237.820",0,"Description: Inflammation of the DENTAL PULP, usually due to<br>bacterial infection in dental caries, tooth fracture, or other<br>conditions causing exposure of the pulp to bacterial invasion.<br>Chemical irritants, thermal factors, hyperemic changes, and other<br>factors may also cause pulpitis.",""],["Radicular Cyst",855,0.0,"D011842","C07.320.830.820",0,"Description: Slow-growing fluid-filled epithelial sac at the apex<br>of a tooth with a nonvital pulp or defective root canal filling.",""],["Root Resorption",2290,0.1,"D012391","C07.793.901.653",0,"Description: Resorption in which cementum or dentin is lost from<br>the root of a tooth owing to cementoclastic or osteoclastic<br>activity in conditions such as trauma of occlusion or neoplasms.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Salivary Calculi",1752,0.1,"D020792","C07.465.815.497",2,"Description: The presence of calculi in a salivary duct or gland.",""],["Salivary Gland Fistula",231,0.0,"D012467","C07.465.614.655",0,"Description: A fistula between a salivary duct or gland and the<br>cutaneous surface of the oral cavity.",""],["Salivary Gland Fistula",231,0.0,"D012467","C07.465.815.655",0,"Description: A fistula between a salivary duct or gland and the<br>cutaneous surface of the oral cavity.",""],["Sialometaplasia, Necrotizing",192,0.0,"D012797","C07.465.815.802",0,"Description: A benign, inflammatory, variably ulcerated,<br>occasionally bilateral, self-healing lesion of the minor salivary<br>glands that is often confused clinically and histologically with<br>carcinoma.",""],["Sialorrhea",1209,0.0,"D012798","C07.465.815.815",0,"Description: Increased salivary flow.",""],["Xerostomia",15916,0.5,"D014987","C07.465.815.929",1,"Description: Decreased salivary flow.",""],["Stevens-Johnson Syndrome",5762,0.2,"D013262","C07.465.864.500",0,"Description: Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive<br>KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal<br>involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g.,<br>antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA,<br>MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal<br>Necrolysis.",""],["Stomatitis, Aphthous",2922,0.1,"D013281","C07.465.864.750",0,"Description: A recurrent disease of the oral mucosa of unknown<br>etiology. It is characterized by small white ulcerative lesions,<br>single or multiple, round or oval. Two to eight crops of lesions<br>occur per year, lasting for 7 to 14 days and then heal without<br>scarring. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p742)",""],["Stomatitis, Denture",742,0.0,"D013282","C07.465.864.875",0,"Description: Inflammation of the mouth due to denture irritation.",""],["Stomatitis, Herpetic",587,0.0,"D013283","C07.465.864.937",0,"Description: Stomatitis caused by Herpesvirus hominis. It usually<br>occurs as acute herpetic stomatitis (or gingivostomatitis), an<br>oral manifestation of primary herpes simplex seen primarily in<br>children and adolescents.",""],["Submandibular Gland Diseases",1829,0.1,"D013364","C07.465.815.882",1,"Description: Diseases involving the SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND.",""],["Craniomandibular Disorders",17170,0.5,"D017271","C07.320.610.291",2,"Description: Diseases or disorders of the muscles of the head and<br>neck, with special reference to the masticatory muscles. The most<br>notable examples are TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS and<br>TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME.",""],["Tongue Neoplasms",8824,0.3,"D014062","C07.465.530.925",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.",""],["Tongue Neoplasms",8824,0.3,"D014062","C07.465.910.470",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.",""],["Tongue, Fissured",130,0.0,"D014063","C07.465.910.708",0,"Description: The occurrence of of breaks or slits in the tissue<br>of the dorsal surface of the TONGUE.",""],["Tongue, Hairy",171,0.0,"D014064","C07.465.910.791",0,"Description: A benign condition of the tongue characterized by<br>hypertrophy of the filiform papillae that give the dorsum of the<br>tongue a furry appearance. The color of the elongated papillae<br>varies from yellowish white to brown or black, depending upon<br>staining by substances such as tobacco, food, or drugs. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Tooth Abrasion",1696,0.1,"D014072","C07.793.818.124",0,"Description: The pathologic wearing away of the tooth substance<br>by brushing, bruxism, clenching, and other mechanical causes. It<br>is differentiated from TOOTH ATTRITION in that this type of<br>wearing away is the result of tooth-to-tooth contact, as in<br>mastication, occurring only on the occlusal, incisal, and<br>proximal surfaces. It differs also from TOOTH EROSION, the<br>progressive loss of the hard substance of a tooth by chemical<br>processes not involving bacterial action. (From Jablonski,<br>Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p2)",""],["Tooth Erosion",2537,0.1,"D014077","C07.793.818.500",0,"Description: Progressive loss of the hard substance of a tooth by<br>chemical processes that do not involve bacterial action.<br>(Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p296)",""],["Tooth Avulsion",1627,0.1,"D014084","C07.793.850.725",0,"Description: Partial or complete displacement of a tooth from its<br>alveolar support. It is commonly the result of trauma. (From<br>Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p312)",""],["Tooth Mobility",1090,0.0,"D014086","C07.465.714.898",0,"Description: Horizontal and, to a lesser degree, axial movement<br>of a tooth in response to normal forces, as in occlusion. It<br>refers also to the movability of a tooth resulting from loss of<br>all or a portion of its attachment and supportive apparatus, as<br>seen in periodontitis, occlusal trauma, and periodontosis. (From<br>Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p507 & Boucher's<br>Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p313)",""],["Tooth, Supernumerary",1790,0.1,"D014096","C07.650.800.850",0,"Description: An extra tooth, erupted or unerupted, resembling or<br>unlike the other teeth in the group to which it belongs. Its<br>presence may cause malposition of adjacent teeth or prevent their<br>eruption.",""],["Tooth, Supernumerary",1790,0.1,"D014096","C07.793.700.850",0,"Description: An extra tooth, erupted or unerupted, resembling or<br>unlike the other teeth in the group to which it belongs. Its<br>presence may cause malposition of adjacent teeth or prevent their<br>eruption.",""],["Velopharyngeal Insufficiency",1631,0.1,"D014681","C07.465.525.955",0,"Description: Failure of the SOFT PALATE to reach the posterior<br>pharyngeal wall to close the opening between the oral and nasal<br>cavities. Incomplete velopharyngeal closure is primarily related<br>to surgeries (ADENOIDECTOMY; CLEFT PALATE) or an incompetent<br>PALATOPHARYNGEAL SPHINCTER. It is characterized by hypernasal<br>speech.",""],["Velopharyngeal Insufficiency",1631,0.1,"D014681","C07.650.525.955",0,"Description: Failure of the SOFT PALATE to reach the posterior<br>pharyngeal wall to close the opening between the oral and nasal<br>cavities. Incomplete velopharyngeal closure is primarily related<br>to surgeries (ADENOIDECTOMY; CLEFT PALATE) or an incompetent<br>PALATOPHARYNGEAL SPHINCTER. It is characterized by hypernasal<br>speech.",""],["Smear Layer",557,0.0,"D016369","C07.793.208.688",0,"Description: Adherent debris produced when cutting the enamel or<br>dentin in cavity preparation. It is about 1 micron thick and its<br>composition reflects the underlying dentin, although different<br>quantities and qualities of smear layer can be produced by the<br>various instrumentation techniques. Its function is presumed to<br>be protective, as it lowers dentin permeability. However, it<br>masks the underlying dentin and interferes with attempts to bond<br>dental material to the dentin.",""],["Tooth Loss",2447,0.1,"D016388","C07.465.714.804",0,"Description: The failure to retain teeth as a result of disease<br>or injury.",""],["Herpes Zoster Oticus",524,0.0,"D016697","C07.465.299.750",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by facial palsy in<br>association with a herpetic eruption of the external auditory<br>meatus. This may occasionally be associated with tinnitus,<br>vertigo, deafness, severe otalgia, and inflammation of the pinna.<br>The condition is caused by reactivation of a latent HERPESVIRUS<br>3, HUMAN infection which causes inflammation of the facial and<br>vestibular nerves, and may occasionally involve additional<br>cranial nerves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p757)",""],["Retropharyngeal Abscess",689,0.0,"D017703","C07.550.781.625",0,"Description: An accumulation of purulent material in the space<br>between the PHARYNX and the CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. This usually<br>results from SUPPURATION of retropharyngeal LYMPH NODES in<br>patients with UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS, perforation of<br>the pharynx, or head and neck injuries.",""],["Furcation Defects",596,0.0,"D017823","C07.465.714.204",0,"Description: Conditions in which a bifurcation or trifurcation of<br>the molar tooth root becomes denuded as a result of periodontal<br>disease. It may be followed by tooth mobility, temperature<br>sensitivity, pain, and alveolar bone resorption.",""],["Odontodysplasia",272,0.0,"D018126","C07.650.800.600",0,"Description: A localized arrested tooth development which appears<br>to involve most commonly the anterior teeth, usually on one side<br>of the midline, most often the maxillary central and lateral<br>incisors. Roentgenographically, the teeth have a ghostlike<br>appearance. Calcification and bits of prismatic enamel may be<br>found in the pulp and the enamel is thin and absent in part.<br>(Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)",""],["Odontodysplasia",272,0.0,"D018126","C07.793.700.600",0,"Description: A localized arrested tooth development which appears<br>to involve most commonly the anterior teeth, usually on one side<br>of the midline, most often the maxillary central and lateral<br>incisors. Roentgenographically, the teeth have a ghostlike<br>appearance. Calcification and bits of prismatic enamel may be<br>found in the pulp and the enamel is thin and absent in part.<br>(Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)",""],["Tooth Attrition",500,0.0,"D019217","C07.793.818.249",0,"Description: The wearing away of a tooth as a result of tooth-to-<br>tooth contact, as in mastication, occurring only on the occlusal,<br>incisal, and proximal surfaces. It is chiefly associated with<br>aging. It is differentiated from TOOTH ABRASION (the pathologic<br>wearing away of the tooth substance by friction, as brushing,<br>bruxism, clenching, and other mechanical causes) and from TOOTH<br>EROSION (the loss of substance caused by chemical action without<br>bacterial action). (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992,<br>p86)",""],["Tooth, Nonvital",1387,0.0,"D019553","C07.793.237.910",0,"Description: A tooth from which the dental pulp has been removed<br>or is necrotic. (Boucher, Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)",""],["Sleep Bruxism",727,0.0,"D020186","C07.793.099.500",0,"Description: A sleep disorder characterized by grinding and<br>clenching of the teeth and forceful lateral or protrusive jaw<br>movements. Sleep bruxism may be associated with TOOTH INJURIES;<br>TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS; sleep disturbances; and other<br>conditions.",""],["Facial Nerve Injuries",1349,0.0,"D020220","C07.465.299.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the facial nerve. This may<br>result in FACIAL PARALYSIS, decreased lacrimation and salivation,<br>and loss of taste sensation in the anterior tongue. The nerve may<br>regenerate and reform its original pattern of innervation, or<br>regenerate aberrantly, resulting in inappropriate lacrimation in<br>response to gustatory stimuli (e.g., \"crocodile tears\") and other<br>syndromes.",""],["Bell Palsy",1465,0.0,"D020330","C07.465.299.250",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by the acute onset of<br>unilateral FACIAL PARALYSIS which progresses over a 2-5 day<br>period. Weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscle and resulting<br>incomplete eye closure may be associated with corneal injury.<br>Pain behind the ear often precedes the onset of paralysis. This<br>condition may be associated with HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN infection<br>of the facial nerve. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1376)",""],["Mobius Syndrome",370,0.0,"D020331","C07.465.299.825",0,"Description: A syndrome of congenital facial paralysis,<br>frequently associated with abducens palsy and other congenital<br>abnormalities including lingual palsy, clubfeet, brachial<br>disorders, cognitive deficits, and pectoral muscle defects.<br>Pathologic findings are variable and include brain stem nuclear<br>aplasia, facial nerve aplasia, and facial muscle aplasia,<br>consistent with a multifactorial etiology. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1020)",""],["Open Bite",816,0.0,"D024343","C07.793.494.825",0,"Description: A condition in which certain opposing teeth fail to<br>establish occlusal contact when the jaws are closed.",""],["Vesicular Stomatitis",333,0.0,"D054243","C07.465.864.968",0,"Description: A viral disease caused by at least two distinct<br>species (serotypes) in the VESICULOVIRUS genus: VESICULAR<br>STOMATITIS INDIANA VIRUS and VESICULAR STOMATITIS NEW JERSEY<br>VIRUS. It is characterized by vesicular eruptions on the ORAL<br>MUCOSA in cattle, horses, pigs, and other animals. In humans,<br>vesicular stomatitis causes an acute influenza-like illness.",""],["Peri-Implantitis",1654,0.1,"D057873","C07.465.714.282",0,"Description: An inflammatory process with loss of supporting bone<br>in the tissues surrounding functioning DENTAL IMPLANTS.",""],["Dentofacial Deformities",209,0.0,"D063169","C07.650.500.229",0,"Description: An abnormality of the jaws or teeth affecting the<br>contour of the face. Such abnormality could be acquired or<br>congenital.",""],["Retrognathia",879,0.0,"D063173","C07.320.440.827",0,"Description: A physical misalignment of the upper (maxilla) and<br>lower (mandibular) jaw bones in which either or both recede<br>relative to the frontal plane of the forehead.",""],["Retrognathia",879,0.0,"D063173","C07.320.610.827",0,"Description: A physical misalignment of the upper (maxilla) and<br>lower (mandibular) jaw bones in which either or both recede<br>relative to the frontal plane of the forehead.",""],["Glossoptosis",40,0.0,"D065710","C07.465.910.411",0,"Description: Posterior displacement of the TONGUE toward the<br>PHARYNX. It is often a feature in syndromes such as in PIERRE<br>ROBIN SYNDROME and DOWN SYNDROME and associated with AIRWAY<br>OBSTRUCTION during sleep (OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEAS).",""],["Pharyngitis",13740,0.4,"D010612","C07.550.781",4,"Description: Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).",""],["Nasopharyngeal Diseases",21263,0.7,"D009302","C07.550.350",3,"Description: Pathological processes involving the NASOPHARYNX.",""],["Pharyngeal Neoplasms",38756,1.2,"D010610","C07.550.745",5,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PHARYNX.",""],["Facial Nerve Diseases",16752,0.5,"D005155","C07.465.299",12,"Description: Diseases of the facial nerve or nuclei. Pontine<br>disorders may affect the facial nuclei or nerve fascicle. The<br>nerve may be involved intracranially, along its course through<br>the petrous portion of the temporal bone, or along its<br>extracranial course. Clinical manifestations include facial<br>muscle weakness, loss of taste from the anterior tongue,<br>hyperacusis, and decreased lacrimation.",""],["Salivary Gland Diseases",62113,1.9,"D012466","C07.465.815",22,"Description: Diseases involving the SALIVARY GLANDS.",""],["Tooth Abnormalities",13535,0.4,"D014071","C07.650.800",10,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the teeth.",""],["Tooth Abnormalities",13535,0.4,"D014071","C07.793.700",10,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the teeth.",""],["Jaw Cysts",7752,0.2,"D007570","C07.320.450",7,"Description: Saccular lesions lined with epithelium and contained<br>within pathologically formed cavities in the jaw; also<br>nonepithelial cysts (pseudocysts) as they apply to the jaw, e.g.,<br>traumatic or solitary cyst, static bone cavity, and aneurysmal<br>bone cyst. True jaw cysts are classified as odontogenic or<br>nonodontogenic.",""],["Behcet Syndrome",10124,0.3,"D001528","C07.465.075",0,"Description: Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the<br>small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized<br>by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and<br>uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness<br>and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal<br>ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as<br>well.",""],["Bruxism",2281,0.1,"D002012","C07.793.099",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by grinding and clenching<br>of the teeth.",""],["Burning Mouth Syndrome",1061,0.0,"D002054","C07.465.114",0,"Description: A group of painful oral symptoms associated with a<br>burning or similar sensation. There is usually a significant<br>organic component with a degree of functional overlay; it is not<br>limited to the psychophysiologic group of disorders.",""],["Candidiasis, Oral",3158,0.1,"D002180","C07.465.130",0,"Description: Infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth by a<br>fungus of the genus CANDIDA. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Lip Diseases",20780,0.6,"D008047","C07.465.409",4,"Description: Diseases involving the LIP.",""],["Cherubism",444,0.0,"D002636","C07.320.173",0,"Description: A fibro-osseous hereditary disease of the jaws. The<br>swollen jaws and raised eyes give a cherubic appearance; multiple<br>radiolucencies are evident upon radiographic examination.",""],["Mouth Abnormalities",35917,1.1,"D009056","C07.465.525",6,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the mouth.",""],["Mouth Abnormalities",35917,1.1,"D009056","C07.650.525",6,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the mouth.",""],["Jaw Abnormalities",25481,0.8,"D007569","C07.320.440",5,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the jaw.",""],["Maxillofacial Abnormalities",26213,0.8,"D019767","C07.650.500",7,"Description: Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or<br>other abnormalities of the maxilla and face or facial bones.",""],["Tooth Injuries",8424,0.3,"D018677","C07.793.850",3,"Description: Traumatic or other damage to teeth including<br>fractures (TOOTH FRACTURES) or displacements (TOOTH LUXATION).",""],["Dental Deposits",11801,0.4,"D003741","C07.793.208",3,"Description: Accumulations of microflora that lead to<br>pathological plaque and calculus which cause PERIODONTAL<br>DISEASES. It can be considered a type of BIOFILMS. It is subtly<br>distinguished from the protective DENTAL PELLICLE.",""],["Tooth Demineralization",39227,1.2,"D017001","C07.793.720",3,"Description: A tooth's loss of minerals, such as calcium in<br>hydroxyapatite from the tooth matrix, caused by acidic exposure.<br>An example of the occurrence of demineralization is in the<br>formation of dental caries.",""],["Oral Fistula",1582,0.0,"D016155","C07.465.614",3,"Description: An abnormal passage within the mouth communicating<br>between two or more anatomical structures.",""],["Dental Leakage",2882,0.1,"D003763","C07.793.221",0,"Description: The seepage of fluids, debris, and micro-organisms<br>between the walls of a prepared dental cavity and the<br>restoration.",""],["Malocclusion",26908,0.8,"D008310","C07.793.494",6,"Description: Such malposition and contact of the maxillary and<br>mandibular teeth as to interfere with the highest efficiency<br>during the excursive movements of the jaw that are essential for<br>mastication. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry,<br>1982)",""],["Dental Pulp Diseases",7351,0.2,"D003788","C07.793.237",6,"Description: Endodontic diseases of the DENTAL PULP inside the<br>tooth, which is distinguished from PERIAPICAL DISEASES of the<br>tissue surrounding the root.",""],["Dentin Sensitivity",2005,0.1,"D003807","C07.793.266",0,"Description: Pain associated with exposed DENTIN surfaces of the<br>teeth.",""],["Dry Socket",607,0.0,"D004368","C07.465.227",0,"Description: A condition sometimes occurring after tooth<br>extraction, particularly after traumatic extraction, resulting in<br>a dry appearance of the exposed bone in the socket, due to<br>disintegration or loss of the blood clot. It is basically a focal<br>osteomyelitis without suppuration and is accompanied by severe<br>pain (alveolalgia) and foul odor. (Dorland, 28th ed)",""],["Facial Hemiatrophy",879,0.0,"D005150","C07.465.284",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by slowly progressive<br>unilateral atrophy of facial subcutaneous fat, muscle tissue,<br>skin, cartilage, and bone. The condition typically progresses<br>over a period of 2-10 years and then stabilizes.",""],["Facial Paralysis",10159,0.3,"D005158","C07.465.327",0,"Description: Severe or complete loss of facial muscle motor<br>function. This condition may result from central or peripheral<br>lesions. Damage to CNS motor pathways from the cerebral cortex to<br>the facial nuclei in the pons leads to facial weakness that<br>generally spares the forehead muscles. FACIAL NERVE DISEASES<br>generally results in generalized hemifacial weakness.<br>NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION DISEASES and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also<br>cause facial paralysis or paresis.",""],["Periodontal Diseases",90783,2.8,"D010510","C07.465.714",37,"Description: Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM<br>including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR<br>PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.",""],["Focal Infection, Dental",1737,0.1,"D005491","C07.793.348",0,"Description: Secondary or systemic infections due to<br>dissemination throughout the body of microorganisms whose primary<br>focus of infection lies in the periodontal tissues.",""],["Oral Hemorrhage",1591,0.0,"D006472","C07.465.625",1,"Description: Bleeding from the blood vessels of the mouth, which<br>may occur as a result of injuries to the mouth, accidents in oral<br>surgery, or diseases of the gums.",""],["Mouth Neoplasms",72028,2.2,"D009062","C07.465.530",10,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.",""],["Tongue Diseases",13927,0.4,"D014060","C07.465.910",8,"Description: Diseases involving the TONGUE.",""],["Granuloma, Giant Cell",1713,0.1,"D006101","C07.320.391",0,"Description: A non-neoplastic inflammatory lesion, usually of the<br>jaw or gingiva, containing large, multinucleated cells. It<br>includes reparative giant cell granuloma. Peripheral giant cell<br>granuloma refers to the gingiva (giant cell epulis); central<br>refers to the jaw.",""],["Hypercementosis",72,0.0,"D006936","C07.793.422",0,"Description: A regressive change of teeth characterized by<br>excessive development of secondary cementum on the tooth surface.<br>It may occur on any part of the root, but the apical two-thirds<br>are most commonly affected. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Jaw Neoplasms",18894,0.6,"D007573","C07.320.515",3,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE<br>unspecified. For neoplasms of the maxilla, MAXILLARY NEOPLASMS is<br>available and of the mandible, MANDIBULAR NEOPLASMS is available.",""],["Jaw, Edentulous",4695,0.1,"D007575","C07.320.550",1,"Description: The total absence of teeth from either the mandible<br>or the maxilla, but not both. Total absence of teeth from both is<br>MOUTH, EDENTULOUS. Partial absence of teeth in either is JAW,<br>EDENTULOUS, PARTIALLY.",""],["Mouth, Edentulous",7315,0.2,"D009066","C07.465.550",2,"Description: Total lack of teeth through disease or extraction.",""],["Mouth, Edentulous",7315,0.2,"D009066","C07.793.597",2,"Description: Total lack of teeth through disease or extraction.",""],["Leukoedema, Oral",24,0.0,"D007967","C07.465.385",0,"Description: A disorder of the buccal mucosa resembling early<br>leukoplakia, characterized by the presence of filmy opalescence<br>of the mucosa in the early stages to a whitish gray cast with a<br>coarsely wrinkled surface in the later stages, associated with<br>intracellular edema of the spinous or malpighian layer. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Ludwig's Angina",383,0.0,"D008158","C07.465.433",0,"Description: Severe cellulitis of the submaxillary space with<br>secondary involvement of the perimandibular spaces. It usually<br>results from infection in the lower molar area or from an<br>infection following a penetrating injury to the MOUTH FLOOR.",""],["Mandibular Diseases",34711,1.1,"D008336","C07.320.610",6,"Description: Diseases involving the MANDIBLE.",""],["Maxillary Diseases",7232,0.2,"D008439","C07.320.660",1,"Description: Diseases involving the MAXILLA.",""],["Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome",901,0.0,"D008556","C07.465.466",0,"Description: An idiopathic syndrome characterized by one or more<br>of the following; recurrent orofacial swelling, relapsing facial<br>paralysis, and fissured tongue (lingua plicata). The onset is<br>usually in childhood and relapses are common. Cheilitis<br>granulomatosa is a monosymptomatic variant of this condition.<br>(Dermatol Clin 1996 Apr;14(2):371-9; Magalini & Magalini,<br>Dictionary of Medical Syndromes, 4th ed, p531)",""],["Fluorosis, Dental",1958,0.1,"D009050","C07.793.330",0,"Description: A chronic endemic form of hypoplasia of the dental<br>enamel caused by drinking water with a high fluorine content<br>during the time of tooth formation, and characterized by<br>defective calcification that gives a white chalky appearance to<br>the enamel, which gradually undergoes brown discoloration.<br>(Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286)",""],["Noma",518,0.0,"D009625","C07.465.604",0,"Description: A severe gangrenous process occurring predominantly<br>in debilitated and malnourished children, especially in<br>underdeveloped countries. It typically begins as a small vesicle<br>or ulcer on the gingiva that rapidly becomes necrotic and spreads<br>to produce extensive destruction of the buccal and labial mucosa<br>and tissues of the face, which may result in severe disfigurement<br>and even death. Various bacteria have been implicated in the<br>etiology. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Oral Manifestations",797,0.0,"D009912","C07.465.634",0,"Description: Disorders of the mouth attendant upon non-oral<br>disease or injury.",""],["Oral Submucous Fibrosis",920,0.0,"D009914","C07.465.654",0,"Description: Irreversible FIBROSIS of the submucosal tissue of<br>the MOUTH.",""],["Periapical Diseases",6013,0.2,"D010483","C07.320.830",4,"Description: Diseases of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE surrounding the<br>root of the tooth, which is distinguished from DENTAL PULP<br>DISEASES inside the TOOTH ROOT.",""],["Ranula",463,0.0,"D011900","C07.465.780",0,"Description: A form of retention cyst of the floor of the mouth,<br>usually due to obstruction of the ducts of the submaxillary or<br>sublingual glands, presenting a slowly enlarging painless deep<br>burrowing mucocele of one side of the mouth. It is also called<br>sublingual cyst and sublingual ptyalocele.",""],["Tooth Resorption",2916,0.1,"D014091","C07.793.901",1,"Description: Resorption of calcified dental tissue, involving<br>demineralization due to reversal of the cation exchange and<br>lacunar resorption by osteoclasts. There are two types: external<br>(as a result of tooth pathology) and internal (apparently<br>initiated by a peculiar inflammatory hyperplasia of the pulp).<br>(From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p676)",""],["Stomatitis",15697,0.5,"D013280","C07.465.864",5,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such<br>as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP.",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome",3920,0.1,"D013706","C07.678.949",0,"Description: A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle<br>tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration<br>of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and<br>manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the<br>temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain<br>but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors.",""],["Tooth Wear",5599,0.2,"D057085","C07.793.818",3,"Description: Loss of the tooth substance by chemical or<br>mechanical processes",""],["Tooth Discoloration",1886,0.1,"D014075","C07.793.735",0,"Description: Any change in the hue, color, or translucency of a<br>tooth due to any cause. Restorative filling materials, drugs<br>(both topical and systemic), pulpal necrosis, or hemorrhage may<br>be responsible. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p253)",""],["Tooth Eruption, Ectopic",1123,0.0,"D014079","C07.793.790",0,"Description: An abnormality in the direction of a TOOTH ERUPTION.",""],["Tooth, Impacted",5290,0.2,"D014095","C07.793.905",0,"Description: A tooth that is prevented from erupting by a<br>physical barrier, usually other teeth. Impaction may also result<br>from orientation of the tooth in an other than vertical position<br>in the periodontal structures.",""],["Tooth, Unerupted",1002,0.0,"D014097","C07.793.915",0,"Description: A normal developing tooth which has not yet<br>perforated the oral mucosa or one that fails to erupt in the<br>normal sequence or time interval expected for the type of tooth<br>in a given gender, age, or population group.",""],["Toothache",1730,0.1,"D014098","C07.793.929",0,"Description: Pain in the adjacent areas of the teeth.",""],["Tuberculosis, Oral",404,0.0,"D014393","C07.465.943",0,"Description: Tuberculosis of the mouth, tongue, and salivary<br>glands.",""],["Velopharyngeal Insufficiency",1631,0.1,"D014681","C07.550.966",0,"Description: Failure of the SOFT PALATE to reach the posterior<br>pharyngeal wall to close the opening between the oral and nasal<br>cavities. Incomplete velopharyngeal closure is primarily related<br>to surgeries (ADENOIDECTOMY; CLEFT PALATE) or an incompetent<br>PALATOPHARYNGEAL SPHINCTER. It is characterized by hypernasal<br>speech.",""],["Tooth Loss",2447,0.1,"D016388","C07.793.870",0,"Description: The failure to retain teeth as a result of disease<br>or injury.",""],["Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia",149,0.0,"D017573","C07.465.342",0,"Description: Hyperplasia of the mucous membrane of the lips,<br>tongue, and less commonly, the buccal mucosa, floor of the mouth,<br>and palate, presenting soft, painless, round to oval sessile<br>papules about 1 to 4 mm in diameter. The condition usually occurs<br>in children and young adults and has familial predilection,<br>lasting for several months, sometimes years, before running its<br>course. A viral etiology is suspected, the isolated organism<br>being usually the human papillomavirus. (Jablonski, Illustrated<br>Dictionary of Dentistry; Belshe, Textbook of Human Virology, 2d<br>ed, p954)",""],["Lichen Planus, Oral",2473,0.1,"D017676","C07.465.397",0,"Description: Oral lesions accompanying cutaneous lichen planus or<br>often occurring alone. The buccal mucosa, lips, gingivae, floor<br>of the mouth, and palate are usually affected (in a descending<br>order of frequency). Typically, oral lesions consist of radiating<br>white or gray, velvety, threadlike lines, arranged in a reticular<br>pattern, at the intersection of which there may be minute, white,<br>elevated dots or streaks (Wickham's striae). (Jablonski,<br>Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry)",""],["Oral Ulcer",1554,0.0,"D019226","C07.465.672",0,"Description: A loss of mucous substance of the mouth showing<br>local excavation of the surface, resulting from the sloughing of<br>inflammatory necrotic tissue. It is the result of a variety of<br>causes, e.g., denture irritation, aphthous stomatitis<br>(STOMATITIS, APHTHOUS); NOMA; necrotizing gingivitis (GINGIVITIS,<br>NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE); TOOTHBRUSHING; and various irritants.<br>(From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p842)",""],["Hemifacial Spasm",1365,0.0,"D019569","C07.465.364",0,"Description: Recurrent clonic contraction of facial muscles,<br>restricted to one side. It may occur as a manifestation of<br>compressive lesions involving the seventh cranial nerve (FACIAL<br>NERVE DISEASES), during recovery from BELL PALSY, or in<br>association with other disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p1378)",""],["Tooth Ankylosis",268,0.0,"D020254","C07.793.710",0,"Description: Solid fixation of a tooth resulting from fusion of<br>the cementum and alveolar bone, with obliteration of the<br>periodontal ligament. It is uncommon in the deciduous dentition<br>and very rare in permanent teeth. (Jablonski's Dictionary of<br>Dentistry, 1992)",""],["Bell Palsy",1465,0.0,"D020330","C07.465.094",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by the acute onset of<br>unilateral FACIAL PARALYSIS which progresses over a 2-5 day<br>period. Weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscle and resulting<br>incomplete eye closure may be associated with corneal injury.<br>Pain behind the ear often precedes the onset of paralysis. This<br>condition may be associated with HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN infection<br>of the facial nerve. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1376)",""],["Granulomatosis, Orofacial",167,0.0,"D051261","C07.465.353",0,"Description: A condition characterized by persistent or recurrent<br>labial enlargement, ORAL ULCER, and other orofacial<br>manifestations in the absence of identifiable CROHN DISEASE; or<br>SARCOIDOSIS. Among experts there is disagreement on whether<br>orofacial granulomatosis is a distinct clinical disorder or an<br>initial presentation of Crohn disease.",""],["Mucositis",1352,0.0,"D052016","C07.465.584",0,"Description: An INFLAMMATION of the MUCOSA with burning or<br>tingling sensation. It is characterized by atrophy of the<br>squamous EPITHELIUM, vascular damage, inflammatory infiltration,<br>and ulceration. It usually occurs at the mucous lining of the<br>MOUTH, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the airway due to chemical<br>irritations, CHEMOTHERAPY, or radiation therapy (RADIOTHERAPY).",""],["Lemierre Syndrome",442,0.0,"D057831","C07.550.174",0,"Description: A superinfection of the damaged oropharyngeal mucosa<br>by FUSOBACTERIUM NECROPHORUM leading to the secondary septic<br>THROMBOPHLEBITIS of the internal jugular vein.",""],["Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw",1602,0.0,"D059266","C07.320.086",0,"Description: Necrotic jaws or other maxillofacial skeleton<br>necrosis associated with bisphosphonate use (see<br>BISPHOSPHONATES). Injury, dental procedures, and trauma can<br>trigger the necrotic process.",""],["Pharyngeal Diseases",80582,2.5,"D010608","C07.550",17,"Description: Pathological processes involving the PHARYNX.",""],["Ankyloglossia",146,0.0,"D000072676","C07.160",0,"Description: A severe congenital restriction of TONGUE movement,<br>resulting from fusion or adherence of the tongue to the floor of<br>the mouth. In partial ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) the LINGUAL<br>FRENUM is abnormally short, or is attached too close to the tip<br>of the tongue. OMIM: 106280",""],["Mouth Diseases",391914,12.2,"D009059","C07.465",142,"Description: Diseases involving the MOUTH.",""],["Stomatognathic System Abnormalities",75701,2.4,"D018640","C07.650",26,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the mouth and<br>jaws, including the dentition.",""],["Tooth Diseases",152529,4.8,"D014076","C07.793",60,"Description: Diseases involving the TEETH.",""],["Jaw Diseases",112161,3.5,"D007571","C07.320",37,"Description: Diseases involving the JAW.",""],["Temporomandibular Joint Disorders",16865,0.5,"D013705","C07.678",1,"Description: A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and<br>functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint.<br>Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular<br>diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the<br>symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred<br>pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional<br>diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where<br>tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or<br>nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities,<br>trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From<br>Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)",""],["Stomatognathic Diseases",831005,25.9,"D009057","C07",290,"Description: General or unspecified diseases of the<br>stomatognathic system, comprising the mouth, teeth, jaws, and<br>pharynx.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Organizing Pneumonia",1078,0.0,"D018549","C08.381.483.652.500.750.249",0,"Description: An interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology,<br>occurring between 21-80 years of age. It is characterized by a<br>dramatic onset of a \"pneumonia-like\" illness with cough, fever,<br>malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. Pathological features include<br>prominent interstitial inflammation without collagen fibrosis,<br>diffuse fibroblastic foci, and no microscopic honeycomb change.<br>There is excessive proliferation of granulation tissue within<br>small airways and alveolar ducts.",""],["Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia",1078,0.0,"D018549","C08.381.495.146.135.140.200",0,"Description: An interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology,<br>occurring between 21-80 years of age. It is characterized by a<br>dramatic onset of a \"pneumonia-like\" illness with cough, fever,<br>malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. Pathological features include<br>prominent interstitial inflammation without collagen fibrosis,<br>diffuse fibroblastic foci, and no microscopic honeycomb change.<br>There is excessive proliferation of granulation tissue within<br>small airways and alveolar ducts.",""],["Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis",5972,0.1,"D054990","C08.381.483.652.500.750.624",0,"Description: A common interstitial lung disease of unknown<br>etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age.<br>Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of<br>breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading<br>to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant<br>interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent<br>fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change.",""],["Hamman-Rich Syndrome",9,0.0,"D000080203","C08.381.483.652.500.500",0,"Description: Acute idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis<br>characterized by diffuse PULMONARY ALVEOLI damage with uniform<br>edematous connective tissue proliferation. It is often associated<br>with extensive fibroblastic distortion of the lung parenchyma and<br>leads to ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME in later stages.",""],["Anthracosilicosis",411,0.0,"D000874","C08.381.483.581.062.500",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of<br>dust that contains both CARBON and crystalline SILICON DIOXIDE.<br>These foreign matters induce fibrous nodule formation in the<br>lung.",""],["Anthracosilicosis",411,0.0,"D000874","C08.381.483.581.760.125",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of<br>dust that contains both CARBON and crystalline SILICON DIOXIDE.<br>These foreign matters induce fibrous nodule formation in the<br>lung.",""],["Anthracosilicosis",411,0.0,"D000874","C08.381.520.702.062.500",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of<br>dust that contains both CARBON and crystalline SILICON DIOXIDE.<br>These foreign matters induce fibrous nodule formation in the<br>lung.",""],["Anthracosilicosis",411,0.0,"D000874","C08.381.520.702.760.125",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of<br>dust that contains both CARBON and crystalline SILICON DIOXIDE.<br>These foreign matters induce fibrous nodule formation in the<br>lung.",""],["Bronchiolitis Obliterans",3571,0.0,"D001989","C08.381.495.146.135.140",1,"Description: Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES leading to an<br>obstructive lung disease. Bronchioles are characterized by<br>fibrous granulation tissue with bronchial exudates in the lumens.<br>Clinical features include a nonproductive cough and DYSPNEA.",""],["Bronchiolitis, Viral",1371,0.0,"D001990","C08.381.495.146.135.321",0,"Description: An acute inflammatory disease of the lower<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily<br>in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly<br>implicated are PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL<br>VIRUS, HUMAN; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS.",""],["Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung",67664,0.6,"D002289","C08.785.520.100.220.500",0,"Description: A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct<br>histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL<br>CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are<br>dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment<br>strategy.",""],["Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome",705,0.0,"D010845","C08.618.085.852.850.500",0,"Description: HYPOVENTILATION syndrome in very obese persons with<br>excessive ADIPOSE TISSUE around the ABDOMEN and DIAPHRAGM. It is<br>characterized by diminished to absent ventilatory<br>chemoresponsiveness; chronic HYPOXIA; HYPERCAPNIA; POLYCYTHEMIA;<br>and long periods of sleep during day and night (HYPERSOMNOLENCE).<br>It is a condition often related to OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA but<br>can occur separately.",""],["Silicotuberculosis",664,0.0,"D012830","C08.381.483.581.760.750",0,"Description: Pulmonary or extrapulmonary infection caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or nontuberculous mycobacteria in a<br>patient with silicosis.",""],["Silicotuberculosis",664,0.0,"D012830","C08.381.520.702.760.750",0,"Description: Pulmonary or extrapulmonary infection caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or nontuberculous mycobacteria in a<br>patient with silicosis.",""],["Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia",1078,0.0,"D018549","C08.127.446.135.140.200",0,"Description: An interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology,<br>occurring between 21-80 years of age. It is characterized by a<br>dramatic onset of a \"pneumonia-like\" illness with cough, fever,<br>malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. Pathological features include<br>prominent interstitial inflammation without collagen fibrosis,<br>diffuse fibroblastic foci, and no microscopic honeycomb change.<br>There is excessive proliferation of granulation tissue within<br>small airways and alveolar ducts.",""],["Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias",7568,0.1,"D054988","C08.381.483.652.500.750",2,"Description: A group of interstitial lung diseases with no known<br>etiology. There are several entities with varying patterns of<br>inflammation and fibrosis. They are classified by their distinct<br>clinical-radiological-pathological features and prognosis. They<br>include IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS; CRYPTOGENIC ORGANIZING<br>PNEUMONIA; and others.",""],["Small Cell Lung Carcinoma",5019,0.0,"D055752","C08.785.520.100.220.750",0,"Description: A form of highly malignant lung cancer that is<br>composed of small ovoid cells (SMALL CELL CARCINOMA).",""],["Peritonsillar Abscess",1094,0.0,"D000039","C08.730.561.750.500",0,"Description: An accumulation of purulent material in the area<br>between the PALATINE TONSIL and its capsule.",""],["Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury",122,0.0,"D000073617","C08.381.520.500.500",0,"Description: A rare but serious transfusion-related reaction in<br>which fluid builds up in the lungs unrelated to excessively high<br>infusion rate and/or volume (TRANSFUSION-ASSOCIATED CIRCULATORY<br>OVERLOAD). Signs of Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury include<br>pulmonary secretions; hypotension; fever; DYSPNEA; TACHYPNEA;<br>TACHYCARDIA; and CYANOSIS.",""],["Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis",13549,0.1,"D054990","C08.381.483.652.500",4,"Description: A common interstitial lung disease of unknown<br>etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age.<br>Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of<br>breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading<br>to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant<br>interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent<br>fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change.",""],["Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome",49,0.0,"D000080445","C08.381.495.108.500",0,"Description: Syndrome with clinical features of both ASTHMA and<br>COPD.",""],["Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome",49,0.0,"D000080445","C08.381.495.389.250",0,"Description: Syndrome with clinical features of both ASTHMA and<br>COPD.",""],["COVID-19",112194,1.0,"D000086382","C08.381.677.807.500",0,"Description: A viral disorder generally characterized by high<br>FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN;<br>HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see<br>AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. In<br>severe cases, a myriad of coagulopathy associated symptoms often<br>correlating with COVID-19 severity is seen (e.g., BLOOD<br>COAGULATION; THROMBOSIS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME;<br>SEIZURES; HEART ATTACK; STROKE; multiple CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS;<br>KIDNEY FAILURE; catastrophic ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME<br>and/or DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION). In younger<br>patients, rare inflammatory syndromes are sometimes associated<br>with COVID-19 (e.g., atypical KAWASAKI SYNDROME; TOXIC SHOCK<br>SYNDROME; pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease; and<br>CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME). A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, in the genus<br>BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent.",""],["COVID-19",112194,1.0,"D000086382","C08.730.610.763.500",0,"Description: A viral disorder generally characterized by high<br>FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN;<br>HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see<br>AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. In<br>severe cases, a myriad of coagulopathy associated symptoms often<br>correlating with COVID-19 severity is seen (e.g., BLOOD<br>COAGULATION; THROMBOSIS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME;<br>SEIZURES; HEART ATTACK; STROKE; multiple CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS;<br>KIDNEY FAILURE; catastrophic ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME<br>and/or DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION). In younger<br>patients, rare inflammatory syndromes are sometimes associated<br>with COVID-19 (e.g., atypical KAWASAKI SYNDROME; TOXIC SHOCK<br>SYNDROME; pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease; and<br>CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME). A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, in the genus<br>BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent.",""],["Anthracosis",860,0.0,"D055008","C08.381.483.581.062",1,"Description: A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by<br>accumulation of inhaled CARBON or coal dust. The disease can<br>progress from asymptomatic anthracosis to massive lung fibrosis.<br>This lung lesion usually occurs in coal MINERS, but can be seen<br>in urban dwellers and tobacco smokers.",""],["Silicosis",7145,0.1,"D012829","C08.381.483.581.760",2,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis resulting from inhalation<br>of dust containing crystalline form of SILICON DIOXIDE, usually<br>in the form of quartz. Amorphous silica is relatively nontoxic.",""],["Anthracosis",860,0.0,"D055008","C08.381.520.702.062",1,"Description: A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by<br>accumulation of inhaled CARBON or coal dust. The disease can<br>progress from asymptomatic anthracosis to massive lung fibrosis.<br>This lung lesion usually occurs in coal MINERS, but can be seen<br>in urban dwellers and tobacco smokers.",""],["Silicosis",7145,0.1,"D012829","C08.381.520.702.760",2,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis resulting from inhalation<br>of dust containing crystalline form of SILICON DIOXIDE, usually<br>in the form of quartz. Amorphous silica is relatively nontoxic.",""],["Asbestosis",3524,0.0,"D001195","C08.381.483.581.125",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of<br>asbestos fibers which elicit potent inflammatory responses in the<br>parenchyma of the lung. The disease is characterized by<br>interstitial fibrosis of the lung, varying from scattered sites<br>to extensive scarring of the alveolar interstitium.",""],["Asbestosis",3524,0.0,"D001195","C08.381.520.702.125",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of<br>asbestos fibers which elicit potent inflammatory responses in the<br>parenchyma of the lung. The disease is characterized by<br>interstitial fibrosis of the lung, varying from scattered sites<br>to extensive scarring of the alveolar interstitium.",""],["Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary",1865,0.0,"D001229","C08.381.472.850.500",0,"Description: Hypersensitivity reaction (ALLERGIC REACTION) to<br>fungus ASPERGILLUS in an individual with long-standing BRONCHIAL<br>ASTHMA. It is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates,<br>EOSINOPHILIA, elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and skin<br>reactivity to Aspergillus antigen.",""],["Berylliosis",765,0.0,"D001607","C08.381.483.581.225",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhaled rare<br>metal BERYLLIUM or its soluble salts which are used in a wide<br>variety of industry including alloys, ceramics, radiographic<br>equipment, and vacuum tubes. Berylliosis is characterized by an<br>acute inflammatory reaction in the upper airway leading to<br>BRONCHIOLITIS; PULMONARY EDEMA; and pneumonia.",""],["Berylliosis",765,0.0,"D001607","C08.381.520.702.225",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhaled rare<br>metal BERYLLIUM or its soluble salts which are used in a wide<br>variety of industry including alloys, ceramics, radiographic<br>equipment, and vacuum tubes. Berylliosis is characterized by an<br>acute inflammatory reaction in the upper airway leading to<br>BRONCHIOLITIS; PULMONARY EDEMA; and pneumonia.",""],["Bird Fancier's Lung",490,0.0,"D001716","C08.381.483.125.125",0,"Description: A form of alveolitis or pneumonitis due to an<br>acquired hypersensitivity to inhaled avian antigens, usually<br>proteins in the dust of bird feathers and droppings.",""],["Bronchiolitis",8591,0.1,"D001988","C08.381.495.146.135",3,"Description: Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES.",""],["Bronchiolitis Obliterans",3571,0.0,"D001989","C08.127.446.135.140",1,"Description: Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES leading to an<br>obstructive lung disease. Bronchioles are characterized by<br>fibrous granulation tissue with bronchial exudates in the lumens.<br>Clinical features include a nonproductive cough and DYSPNEA.",""],["Bronchiolitis, Viral",1371,0.0,"D001990","C08.127.446.135.321",0,"Description: An acute inflammatory disease of the lower<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily<br>in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly<br>implicated are PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL<br>VIRUS, HUMAN; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS.",""],["Bronchiolitis, Viral",1371,0.0,"D001990","C08.730.099.135.321",0,"Description: An acute inflammatory disease of the lower<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily<br>in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly<br>implicated are PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL<br>VIRUS, HUMAN; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS.",""],["Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia",4646,0.0,"D001997","C08.381.520.750.500",0,"Description: A chronic lung disease developed after OXYGEN<br>INHALATION THERAPY or mechanical ventilation (VENTILATION,<br>MECHANICAL) usually occurring in certain premature infants<br>(INFANT, PREMATURE) or newborn infants with respiratory distress<br>syndrome (RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, NEWBORN).<br>Histologically, it is characterized by the unusual abnormalities<br>of the bronchioles, such as METAPLASIA, decrease in alveolar<br>number, and formation of CYSTS.",""],["Byssinosis",458,0.0,"D002095","C08.381.483.581.275",0,"Description: A condition of BRONCHOCONSTRICTION resulting from<br>hypersensitive reaction to inhaled dust during the initial<br>processing of cotton, flax, or hemp in the textile industry.<br>Symptoms include wheezing and tightness in the chest.",""],["Byssinosis",458,0.0,"D002095","C08.381.520.702.275",0,"Description: A condition of BRONCHOCONSTRICTION resulting from<br>hypersensitive reaction to inhaled dust during the initial<br>processing of cotton, flax, or hemp in the textile industry.<br>Symptoms include wheezing and tightness in the chest.",""],["Caplan Syndrome",147,0.0,"D002205","C08.381.483.581.300",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS associated with a specific form of<br>pneumoconiosis, often in coal miners and asbestos workers.",""],["Caplan Syndrome",147,0.0,"D002205","C08.381.520.702.300",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS associated with a specific form of<br>pneumoconiosis, often in coal miners and asbestos workers.",""],["Carcinoma, Bronchogenic",80769,0.7,"D002283","C08.785.520.100.220",2,"Description: Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of<br>the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung<br>malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL<br>CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.",""],["Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung",67664,0.6,"D002289","C08.381.540.140.500",0,"Description: A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct<br>histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL<br>CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are<br>dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment<br>strategy.",""],["Eosinophilic Granuloma",2734,0.0,"D004803","C08.381.483.375.500",0,"Description: The most benign and common form of Langerhans-cell<br>histiocytosis which involves localized nodular lesions<br>predominantly of the bones but also of the gastric mucosa, small<br>intestine, lungs, or skin, with infiltration by EOSINOPHILS.",""],["Farmer's Lung",909,0.0,"D005203","C08.381.483.125.365",0,"Description: A form of alveolitis or pneumonitis due to an<br>acquired hypersensitivity to inhaled antigens associated with<br>farm environment. Antigens in the farm dust are commonly from<br>bacteria actinomycetes (SACCHAROPOLYSPORA and THERMOACTINOMYCES),<br>fungi, and animal proteins in the soil, straw, crops, pelts,<br>serum, and excreta.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal",11632,0.1,"D006255","C08.460.799.315.750",0,"Description: Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every<br>year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with<br>lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition<br>triggered by specific ALLERGENS.",""],["Hyaline Membrane Disease",1678,0.0,"D006819","C08.381.840.500.475",0,"Description: A respiratory distress syndrome in newborn infants,<br>usually premature infants with insufficient PULMONARY<br>SURFACTANTS. The disease is characterized by the formation of a<br>HYALINE-like membrane lining the terminal respiratory airspaces<br>(PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and subsequent collapse of the lung<br>(PULMONARY ATELECTASIS).",""],["Hyaline Membrane Disease",1678,0.0,"D006819","C08.618.840.500.475",0,"Description: A respiratory distress syndrome in newborn infants,<br>usually premature infants with insufficient PULMONARY<br>SURFACTANTS. The disease is characterized by the formation of a<br>HYALINE-like membrane lining the terminal respiratory airspaces<br>(PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and subsequent collapse of the lung<br>(PULMONARY ATELECTASIS).",""],["Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms",1808,0.0,"D008444","C08.460.669.693.575",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. They<br>represent the majority of paranasal neoplasms.",""],["Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms",1808,0.0,"D008444","C08.460.692.503.503",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. They<br>represent the majority of paranasal neoplasms.",""],["Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms",1808,0.0,"D008444","C08.785.600.693.575",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. They<br>represent the majority of paranasal neoplasms.",""],["Sleep Apnea, Obstructive",27072,0.3,"D020181","C08.618.085.852.850",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during<br>sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper<br>airway obstruction. The respiratory pauses may induce HYPERCAPNIA<br>or HYPOXIA. Cardiac arrhythmias and elevation of systemic and<br>pulmonary arterial pressures may occur. Frequent partial arousals<br>occur throughout sleep, resulting in relative SLEEP DEPRIVATION<br>and daytime tiredness. Associated conditions include OBESITY;<br>ACROMEGALY; MYXEDEMA; micrognathia; MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY;<br>adenotonsilar dystrophy; and NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p395)",""],["Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome",705,0.0,"D010845","C08.618.846.565.500",0,"Description: HYPOVENTILATION syndrome in very obese persons with<br>excessive ADIPOSE TISSUE around the ABDOMEN and DIAPHRAGM. It is<br>characterized by diminished to absent ventilatory<br>chemoresponsiveness; chronic HYPOXIA; HYPERCAPNIA; POLYCYTHEMIA;<br>and long periods of sleep during day and night (HYPERSOMNOLENCE).<br>It is a condition often related to OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA but<br>can occur separately.",""],["Pneumonia, Lipid",632,0.0,"D011017","C08.381.677.529.612",0,"Description: Pneumonia due to aspiration or inhalation of various<br>oily or fatty substances.",""],["Pneumonia, Lipid",632,0.0,"D011017","C08.730.610.529.612",0,"Description: Pneumonia due to aspiration or inhalation of various<br>oily or fatty substances.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumococcal",4532,0.0,"D011018","C08.381.677.540.550",0,"Description: A febrile disease caused by STREPTOCOCCUS<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumococcal",4532,0.0,"D011018","C08.730.610.540.550",0,"Description: A febrile disease caused by STREPTOCOCCUS<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Pneumonia, Mycoplasma",4054,0.0,"D011019","C08.381.677.540.500",0,"Description: Interstitial pneumonia caused by extensive infection<br>of the lungs (LUNG) and BRONCHI, particularly the lower lobes of<br>the lungs, by MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE in humans. In SHEEP, it is<br>caused by MYCOPLASMA OVIPNEUMONIAE. In CATTLE, it may be caused<br>by MYCOPLASMA DISPAR.",""],["Pneumonia, Mycoplasma",4054,0.0,"D011019","C08.730.610.540.545",0,"Description: Interstitial pneumonia caused by extensive infection<br>of the lungs (LUNG) and BRONCHI, particularly the lower lobes of<br>the lungs, by MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE in humans. In SHEEP, it is<br>caused by MYCOPLASMA OVIPNEUMONIAE. In CATTLE, it may be caused<br>by MYCOPLASMA DISPAR.",""],["Pneumonia, Rickettsial",61,0.0,"D011022","C08.381.677.540.600",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infection with bacteria of the<br>family RICKETTSIACEAE.",""],["Pneumonia, Rickettsial",61,0.0,"D011022","C08.730.610.540.600",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infection with bacteria of the<br>family RICKETTSIACEAE.",""],["Pneumonia, Staphylococcal",1636,0.0,"D011023","C08.381.677.540.620",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the<br>genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.",""],["Pneumonia, Staphylococcal",1636,0.0,"D011023","C08.730.610.540.620",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the<br>genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.",""],["Pulmonary Emphysema",13055,0.1,"D011656","C08.381.495.389.750",0,"Description: Enlargement of air spaces distal to the TERMINAL<br>BRONCHIOLES where gas-exchange normally takes place. This is<br>usually due to destruction of the alveolar wall. Pulmonary<br>emphysema can be classified by the location and distribution of<br>the lesions.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial",6836,0.1,"D012221","C08.460.799.315.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose<br>similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist<br>throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens,<br>particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.",""],["Siderosis",1280,0.0,"D012806","C08.381.483.581.750",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis resulting from inhalation<br>of iron in the mining dust or welding fumes.",""],["Siderosis",1280,0.0,"D012806","C08.381.520.702.750",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis resulting from inhalation<br>of iron in the mining dust or welding fumes.",""],["Silo Filler's Disease",49,0.0,"D012832","C08.381.483.125.682",0,"Description: A form of alveolitis or PNEUMONITIS caused by<br>hypersensitivity to high level of inhaled nitrogen oxides,<br>decomposition products of silage.",""],["Nasal Obstruction",3809,0.0,"D015508","C08.618.846.185.525",0,"Description: Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of<br>the nose. The obstruction may be unilateral or bilateral, and may<br>involve any part of the NASAL CAVITY.",""],["Ethmoid Sinusitis",444,0.0,"D015521","C08.460.692.752.267",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the ETHMOID<br>SINUS. It may present itself as an acute (infectious) or chronic<br>(allergic) condition.",""],["Frontal Sinusitis",720,0.0,"D015522","C08.460.692.752.387",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the FRONTAL<br>SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the<br>bacteria STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE or HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE.",""],["Maxillary Sinusitis",1890,0.0,"D015523","C08.460.692.752.578",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the MAXILLARY<br>SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the<br>bacteria HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; or<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.",""],["Sphenoid Sinusitis",440,0.0,"D015524","C08.460.692.752.827",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the SPHENOID<br>SINUS. Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is uncommon. It usually occurs<br>in conjunction with other paranasal sinusitis.",""],["Sleep Apnea, Central",1767,0.0,"D020182","C08.618.085.852.800",0,"Description: A condition associated with multiple episodes of<br>sleep apnea which are distinguished from obstructive sleep apnea<br>(SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE) by the complete cessation of efforts<br>to breathe. This disorder is associated with dysfunction of<br>central nervous system centers that regulate respiration.",""],["Bronchitis, Chronic",1669,0.0,"D029481","C08.381.495.146.567",0,"Description: A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY<br>DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus<br>accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive<br>years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of<br>chronic bronchitis.",""],["Bronchitis, Chronic",1669,0.0,"D029481","C08.381.495.389.500",0,"Description: A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY<br>DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus<br>accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive<br>years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of<br>chronic bronchitis.",""],["Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal",464,0.0,"D045729","C08.381.677.540.400",0,"Description: A chronic, clinically mild, infectious pneumonia of<br>PIGS caused by MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE. Ninety percent of swine<br>herds worldwide are infected with this economically costly<br>disease that primarily affects animals aged two to six months<br>old. The disease can be associated with porcine respiratory<br>disease complex. PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA is often found as a<br>secondary infection.",""],["Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal",464,0.0,"D045729","C08.730.610.540.540",0,"Description: A chronic, clinically mild, infectious pneumonia of<br>PIGS caused by MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE. Ninety percent of swine<br>herds worldwide are infected with this economically costly<br>disease that primarily affects animals aged two to six months<br>old. The disease can be associated with porcine respiratory<br>disease complex. PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA is often found as a<br>secondary infection.",""],["Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic",44,0.0,"D048089","C08.381.677.540.300",0,"Description: Chronic endemic respiratory disease of dairy calves<br>and an important component of bovine respiratory disease complex.<br>It primarily affects calves up to six months of age and the<br>etiology is multifactorial. Stress plus a primary viral infection<br>is followed by a secondary bacterial infection. The latter is<br>most commonly associated with PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA producing a<br>purulent BRONCHOPNEUMONIA. Sometimes present are MANNHEIMIA<br>HAEMOLYTICA; HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS and mycoplasma species.",""],["Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic",44,0.0,"D048089","C08.730.610.540.530",0,"Description: Chronic endemic respiratory disease of dairy calves<br>and an important component of bovine respiratory disease complex.<br>It primarily affects calves up to six months of age and the<br>etiology is multifactorial. Stress plus a primary viral infection<br>is followed by a secondary bacterial infection. The latter is<br>most commonly associated with PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA producing a<br>purulent BRONCHOPNEUMONIA. Sometimes present are MANNHEIMIA<br>HAEMOLYTICA; HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS and mycoplasma species.",""],["Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated",3847,0.0,"D053717","C08.381.677.300.500",0,"Description: Serious INFLAMMATION of the LUNG in patients who<br>required the use of PULMONARY VENTILATOR. It is usually caused by<br>bacterial CROSS INFECTION in hospitals.",""],["Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated",3847,0.0,"D053717","C08.730.610.300.500",0,"Description: Serious INFLAMMATION of the LUNG in patients who<br>required the use of PULMONARY VENTILATOR. It is usually caused by<br>bacterial CROSS INFECTION in hospitals.",""],["Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis",1362,0.0,"D055744","C08.381.472.850.750",0,"Description: Lung infections with the invasive forms of<br>ASPERGILLUS, usually after surgery, transplantation, prolonged<br>NEUTROPENIA or treatment with high-doses of CORTICOSTEROIDS.<br>Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis can progress to CHRONIC<br>NECROTIZING PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS or hematogenous spread to<br>other organs.",""],["Small Cell Lung Carcinoma",5019,0.0,"D055752","C08.381.540.140.750",0,"Description: A form of highly malignant lung cancer that is<br>composed of small ovoid cells (SMALL CELL CARCINOMA).",""],["Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn",129,0.0,"D059245","C08.381.840.500.737",0,"Description: Abnormal increase in RESPIRATORY RATE in the<br>newborn. It is self-limiting and attributed to the delayed fetal<br>lung fluid clearance often in CAESAREAN SECTION delivery.",""],["Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn",129,0.0,"D059245","C08.618.840.500.737",0,"Description: Abnormal increase in RESPIRATORY RATE in the<br>newborn. It is self-limiting and attributed to the delayed fetal<br>lung fluid clearance often in CAESAREAN SECTION delivery.",""],["Trichosporonosis",204,0.0,"D060586","C08.381.483.125.841",0,"Description: Fungal infections caused by TRICHOSPORON that may<br>become systemic especially in an IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST. Clinical<br>manifestations range from superficial cutaneous infections to<br>systemic lesions in multiple organs.",""],["Chlamydial Pneumonia",54,0.0,"D061387","C08.381.677.540.249",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with the genus<br>CHLAMYDIA; and CHLAMYDOPHILA, usually with CHLAMYDOPHILA<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Chlamydial Pneumonia",54,0.0,"D061387","C08.730.610.540.249",0,"Description: Pneumonia caused by infections with the genus<br>CHLAMYDIA; and CHLAMYDOPHILA, usually with CHLAMYDOPHILA<br>PNEUMONIAE.",""],["Tonsillitis",6549,0.1,"D014069","C08.730.561.750",1,"Description: Inflammation of the tonsils, especially the PALATINE<br>TONSILS but the ADENOIDS (pharyngeal tonsils) and lingual tonsils<br>may also be involved. Tonsillitis usually is caused by bacterial<br>infection. Tonsillitis may be acute, chronic, or recurrent.",""],["Pneumonia, Necrotizing",106,0.0,"D000071067","C08.381.677.608",0,"Description: Severe complication of pneumonia characterized by<br>liquefaction of lung tissue.",""],["Pneumonia, Necrotizing",106,0.0,"D000071067","C08.730.610.608",0,"Description: Severe complication of pneumonia characterized by<br>liquefaction of lung tissue.",""],["Acute Lung Injury",8032,0.1,"D055371","C08.381.520.500",1,"Description: A condition of lung damage that is characterized by<br>bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in<br>NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This<br>can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and<br>epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or<br>biological).",""],["Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia",4120,0.0,"D000077299","C08.381.677.300",1,"Description: Infection of the lung often accompanied by<br>inflammation that is acquired through an interaction within a<br>healthcare institution often through a therapeutic experience<br>(e.g., use of catheters or ventilators).",""],["Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia",4120,0.0,"D000077299","C08.730.610.300",1,"Description: Infection of the lung often accompanied by<br>inflammation that is acquired through an interaction within a<br>healthcare institution often through a therapeutic experience<br>(e.g., use of catheters or ventilators).",""],["Pulmonary Fibrosis",29351,0.3,"D011658","C08.381.483.652",5,"Description: A process in which normal lung tissues are<br>progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an<br>irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the<br>bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive<br>DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.",""],["Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome",49,0.0,"D000080445","C08.127.108.688",0,"Description: Syndrome with clinical features of both ASTHMA and<br>COPD.",""],["Asthma",125539,1.2,"D001249","C08.381.495.108",1,"Description: A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct<br>components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY<br>OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of<br>airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA,<br>PAROXYSMAL).",""],["Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive",63090,0.6,"D029424","C08.381.495.389",3,"Description: A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow<br>obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and<br>PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.",""],["Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome",49,0.0,"D000080445","C08.674.095.688",0,"Description: Syndrome with clinical features of both ASTHMA and<br>COPD.",""],["Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension",1604,0.0,"D000081029","C08.381.423.847",0,"Description: A progressive rare pulmonary disease characterized<br>by high blood pressure in the PULMONARY ARTERY.",""],["Mesothelioma, Malignant",603,0.0,"D000086002","C08.381.540.144",0,"Description: A type of mesothelioma with a tendency to<br>metastasize. Most tumors originate from either the PLEURA or<br>PERITONEUM, tumors may also originate in the PERICARDIUM or<br>testicular tissue. It is associated with ASBESTOS exposure.<br>Somatic mutations identified in WT1, BCL10, CDKN2A, NF2, and BAP1<br>genes are associated with the malignancy. OMIM: 156240.",""],["Mesothelioma, Malignant",603,0.0,"D000086002","C08.785.520.124",0,"Description: A type of mesothelioma with a tendency to<br>metastasize. Most tumors originate from either the PLEURA or<br>PERITONEUM, tumors may also originate in the PERICARDIUM or<br>testicular tissue. It is associated with ASBESTOS exposure.<br>Somatic mutations identified in WT1, BCL10, CDKN2A, NF2, and BAP1<br>genes are associated with the malignancy. OMIM: 156240.",""],["Mesothelioma, Malignant",603,0.0,"D000086002","C08.785.640.350",0,"Description: A type of mesothelioma with a tendency to<br>metastasize. Most tumors originate from either the PLEURA or<br>PERITONEUM, tumors may also originate in the PERICARDIUM or<br>testicular tissue. It is associated with ASBESTOS exposure.<br>Somatic mutations identified in WT1, BCL10, CDKN2A, NF2, and BAP1<br>genes are associated with the malignancy. OMIM: 156240.",""],["Pneumonia, Viral",162682,1.5,"D011024","C08.381.677.807",1,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused<br>by a viral infection.",""],["Pneumonia, Viral",162682,1.5,"D011024","C08.730.610.763",1,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused<br>by a viral infection.",""],["Acidosis, Respiratory",1176,0.0,"D000142","C08.618.846.093",0,"Description: Respiratory retention of carbon dioxide. It may be<br>chronic or acute.",""],["Airway Obstruction",17449,0.2,"D000402","C08.618.846.185",1,"Description: Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of<br>the lungs.",""],["Alkalosis, Respiratory",332,0.0,"D000472","C08.618.501.271",0,"Description: A state due to excess loss of carbon dioxide from<br>the body. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic",4577,0.0,"D000542","C08.381.483.125",4,"Description: A common interstitial lung disease caused by<br>hypersensitivity reactions of PULMONARY ALVEOLI after inhalation<br>of and sensitization to environmental antigens of microbial,<br>animal, or chemical sources. The disease is characterized by<br>lymphocytic alveolitis and granulomatous pneumonitis.",""],["Pneumoconiosis",19999,0.2,"D011009","C08.381.483.581",10,"Description: A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by<br>inhalation of dust and by tissue reaction to their presence.<br>These inorganic, organic, particulate, or vaporized matters<br>usually are inhaled by workers in their occupational environment,<br>leading to the various forms (ASBESTOSIS; BYSSINOSIS; and<br>others). Similar air pollution can also have deleterious effects<br>on the general population.",""],["Pneumoconiosis",19999,0.2,"D011009","C08.381.520.702",10,"Description: A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by<br>inhalation of dust and by tissue reaction to their presence.<br>These inorganic, organic, particulate, or vaporized matters<br>usually are inhaled by workers in their occupational environment,<br>leading to the various forms (ASBESTOSIS; BYSSINOSIS; and<br>others). Similar air pollution can also have deleterious effects<br>on the general population.",""],["Aphonia",236,0.0,"D001044","C08.360.940.160",0,"Description: Complete loss of phonation due to organic disease of<br>the larynx or to nonorganic (i.e., psychogenic) causes.",""],["Pulmonary Aspergillosis",4713,0.0,"D055732","C08.381.472.850",2,"Description: Infections of the respiratory tract with fungi of<br>the genus ASPERGILLUS.",""],["Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary",1865,0.0,"D001229","C08.730.435.090",0,"Description: Hypersensitivity reaction (ALLERGIC REACTION) to<br>fungus ASPERGILLUS in an individual with long-standing BRONCHIAL<br>ASTHMA. It is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates,<br>EOSINOPHILIA, elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and skin<br>reactivity to Aspergillus antigen.",""],["Asthma, Exercise-Induced",2086,0.0,"D001250","C08.127.108.110",0,"Description: Asthma attacks following a period of exercise.<br>Usually the induced attack is short-lived and regresses<br>spontaneously. The magnitude of postexertional airway obstruction<br>is strongly influenced by the environment in which exercise is<br>performed (i.e. inhalation of cold air during physical exertion<br>markedly augments the severity of the airway obstruction;<br>conversely, warm humid air blunts or abolishes it).",""],["Asthma, Exercise-Induced",2086,0.0,"D001250","C08.674.095.110",0,"Description: Asthma attacks following a period of exercise.<br>Usually the induced attack is short-lived and regresses<br>spontaneously. The magnitude of postexertional airway obstruction<br>is strongly influenced by the environment in which exercise is<br>performed (i.e. inhalation of cold air during physical exertion<br>markedly augments the severity of the airway obstruction;<br>conversely, warm humid air blunts or abolishes it).",""],["Bird Fancier's Lung",490,0.0,"D001716","C08.674.055.125",0,"Description: A form of alveolitis or pneumonitis due to an<br>acquired hypersensitivity to inhaled avian antigens, usually<br>proteins in the dust of bird feathers and droppings.",""],["Blastomycosis",2496,0.0,"D001759","C08.381.472.350",0,"Description: A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1,<br>a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small<br>cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may<br>heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions<br>characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual<br>vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the<br>lung.",""],["Blastomycosis",2496,0.0,"D001759","C08.730.435.395",0,"Description: A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1,<br>a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small<br>cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may<br>heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions<br>characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual<br>vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the<br>lung.",""],["Bronchial Neoplasms",90614,0.8,"D001984","C08.785.520.100",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI.",""],["Bronchiolitis",8591,0.1,"D001988","C08.127.446.135",3,"Description: Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES.",""],["Bronchitis",24337,0.2,"D001991","C08.381.495.146",5,"Description: Inflammation of the large airways in the lung<br>including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to<br>the TERTIARY BRONCHI.",""],["Bronchiolitis",5020,0.0,"D001988","C08.730.099.135",1,"Description: Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES.",""],["Bronchopneumonia",2271,0.0,"D001996","C08.381.677.127",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is<br>associated with BRONCHITIS, usually involving lobular areas from<br>TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES to the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. The affected areas<br>become filled with exudate that forms consolidated patches.",""],["Bronchopneumonia",2271,0.0,"D001996","C08.730.610.127",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is<br>associated with BRONCHITIS, usually involving lobular areas from<br>TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES to the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. The affected areas<br>become filled with exudate that forms consolidated patches.",""],["Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury",5696,0.1,"D055397","C08.381.520.750",1,"Description: Lung damage that is caused by the adverse effects of<br>PULMONARY VENTILATOR usage. The high frequency and tidal volumes<br>produced by a mechanical ventilator can cause alveolar disruption<br>and PULMONARY EDEMA.",""],["Carcinoma, Bronchogenic",80769,0.7,"D002283","C08.381.540.140",2,"Description: Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of<br>the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung<br>malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL<br>CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.",""],["Croup",1090,0.0,"D003440","C08.360.535.365",0,"Description: Inflammation involving the GLOTTIS or VOCAL CORDS<br>and the subglottic larynx. Croup is characterized by a barking<br>cough, HOARSENESS, and persistent inspiratory STRIDOR (a high-<br>pitched breathing sound). It occurs chiefly in infants and<br>children.",""],["Dyspnea, Paroxysmal",243,0.0,"D004418","C08.618.326.396",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by sudden attacks of<br>respiratory distress in at rest patients with HEART FAILURE and<br>PULMONARY EDEMA. It usually occurs at night after several hours<br>of sleep in a reclining position. Patients awaken with a feeling<br>of suffocation, coughing, a cold sweat, and TACHYCARDIA. When<br>there is significant WHEEZING, it is called cardiac asthma.",""],["Echinococcosis, Pulmonary",2378,0.0,"D004445","C08.381.517.314",0,"Description: Helminth infection of the lung caused by<br>Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis.",""],["Echinococcosis, Pulmonary",2378,0.0,"D004445","C08.730.450.314",0,"Description: Helminth infection of the lung caused by<br>Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis.",""],["Empyema, Tuberculous",689,0.0,"D004654","C08.528.240.320",0,"Description: Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Empyema, Tuberculous",689,0.0,"D004654","C08.528.928.405",0,"Description: Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Empyema, Tuberculous",689,0.0,"D004654","C08.730.265.320",0,"Description: Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Empyema, Tuberculous",689,0.0,"D004654","C08.730.912.405",0,"Description: Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell",8783,0.1,"D006646","C08.381.483.375",1,"Description: A group of disorders resulting from the abnormal<br>proliferation of and tissue infiltration by LANGERHANS CELLS<br>which can be detected by their characteristic Birbeck granules (X<br>bodies), or by monoclonal antibody staining for their surface CD1<br>ANTIGENS. Langerhans-cell granulomatosis can involve a single<br>organ, or can be a systemic disorder.",""],["Epiglottitis",965,0.0,"D004826","C08.730.798.200",0,"Description: Inflammation of the EPIGLOTTIS.",""],["Farmer's Lung",909,0.0,"D005203","C08.674.055.365",0,"Description: A form of alveolitis or pneumonitis due to an<br>acquired hypersensitivity to inhaled antigens associated with<br>farm environment. Antigens in the farm dust are commonly from<br>bacteria actinomycetes (SACCHAROPOLYSPORA and THERMOACTINOMYCES),<br>fungi, and animal proteins in the soil, straw, crops, pelts,<br>serum, and excreta.",""],["Granuloma, Laryngeal",214,0.0,"D006102","C08.618.846.414",0,"Description: A tumor-like nodule or mass of inflammatory<br>granulation tissue projecting into the lumen of the LARYNX.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic",22622,0.2,"D065631","C08.460.799.315",2,"Description: An inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA triggered by<br>ALLERGENS.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal",11632,0.1,"D006255","C08.674.453.750",0,"Description: Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every<br>year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with<br>lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition<br>triggered by specific ALLERGENS.",""],["Hoarseness",1101,0.0,"D006685","C08.360.940.490",0,"Description: An unnaturally deep or rough quality of voice.",""],["Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn",11275,0.1,"D012127","C08.381.840.500",2,"Description: A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with<br>CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the<br>alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal<br>notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature<br>infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by<br>cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing<br>cause.",""],["Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn",11275,0.1,"D012127","C08.618.840.500",2,"Description: A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with<br>CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the<br>alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal<br>notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature<br>infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by<br>cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing<br>cause.",""],["Hypoventilation",1985,0.0,"D007040","C08.618.846.565",1,"Description: A reduction in the amount of air entering the<br>pulmonary alveoli.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C08.127.384.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Laryngismus",640,0.0,"D007826","C08.360.895.500",0,"Description: A disorder in which the adductor muscles of the<br>VOCAL CORDS exhibit increased activity leading to laryngeal<br>spasm. Laryngismus causes closure of the VOCAL FOLDS and airflow<br>obstruction during inspiration.",""],["Laryngismus",640,0.0,"D007826","C08.618.980.500",0,"Description: A disorder in which the adductor muscles of the<br>VOCAL CORDS exhibit increased activity leading to laryngeal<br>spasm. Laryngismus causes closure of the VOCAL FOLDS and airflow<br>obstruction during inspiration.",""],["Legionnaires' Disease",4674,0.0,"D007877","C08.730.382.380",0,"Description: An acute, sometimes fatal, pneumonia-like bacterial<br>infection characterized by high fever, malaise, muscle aches,<br>respiratory disorders and headache. It is named for an outbreak<br>at the 1976 Philadelphia convention of the American Legion.",""],["Lipoid Proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe",468,0.0,"D008065","C08.618.490.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>glassy degenerative thickening (hyalinosis) of SKIN; MUCOSA; and<br>certain VISCERA. This disorder is caused by mutation in the<br>extracellular matrix protein 1 gene (ECM1). Clinical features<br>include hoarseness and skin eruption due to widespread deposition<br>of HYALIN.",""],["Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms",9436,0.1,"D010255","C08.460.669.693",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms",9436,0.1,"D010255","C08.460.692.503",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms",9436,0.1,"D010255","C08.785.600.693",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Meconium Aspiration Syndrome",893,0.0,"D008471","C08.381.520.687",0,"Description: A condition caused by inhalation of MECONIUM into<br>the LUNG of FETUS or NEWBORN, usually due to vigorous respiratory<br>movements during difficult PARTURITION or respiratory system<br>abnormalities. Meconium aspirate may block small airways leading<br>to difficulties in PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE and ASPIRATION<br>PNEUMONIA.",""],["Mediastinal Cyst",2255,0.0,"D008476","C08.846.187.145",0,"Description: Cysts of one of the parts of the mediastinum: the<br>superior part, containing the trachea, esophagus, thoracic duct<br>and thymus organs; the inferior middle part, containing the<br>pericardium; the inferior anterior part containing some lymph<br>nodes; and the inferior posterior part, containing the thoracic<br>duct and esophagus.",""],["Mediastinal Emphysema",3406,0.0,"D008478","C08.846.187.290",0,"Description: Presence of air in the mediastinal tissues due to<br>leakage of air from the tracheobronchial tree, usually as a<br>result of trauma.",""],["Mediastinal Neoplasms",12563,0.1,"D008479","C08.846.187.580",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MEDIASTINUM.",""],["Mediastinitis",2995,0.0,"D008480","C08.846.187.790",0,"Description: Inflammation of the mediastinum, the area between<br>the pleural sacs.",""],["Middle Lobe Syndrome",337,0.0,"D008878","C08.381.730.542",0,"Description: Atelectasis of the right middle pulmonary lobe, with<br>chronic pneumonitis. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Nasopharyngitis",257,0.0,"D009304","C08.730.561.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASOPHARYNX, usually including<br>its mucosa, related lymphoid structure, and glands.",""],["Pancoast Syndrome",686,0.0,"D010178","C08.381.540.734",0,"Description: A condition caused by an apical lung tumor (Pancoast<br>tumor) with involvement of the nearby vertebral column and the<br>BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Symptoms include pain in the shoulder and the<br>arm, and atrophy of the hand.",""],["Pancoast Syndrome",686,0.0,"D010178","C08.785.520.734",0,"Description: A condition caused by an apical lung tumor (Pancoast<br>tumor) with involvement of the nearby vertebral column and the<br>BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Symptoms include pain in the shoulder and the<br>arm, and atrophy of the hand.",""],["Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome",1066,0.0,"D010547","C08.381.423.694",0,"Description: A syndrome of persistent PULMONARY HYPERTENSION in<br>the newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN) without demonstrable HEART<br>DISEASES. This neonatal condition can be caused by severe<br>pulmonary vasoconstriction (reactive type), hypertrophy of<br>pulmonary arterial muscle (hypertrophic type), or abnormally<br>developed pulmonary arterioles (hypoplastic type). The newborn<br>patient exhibits CYANOSIS and ACIDOSIS due to the persistence of<br>fetal circulatory pattern of right-to-left shunting of blood<br>through a patent ductus arteriosus (DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS, PATENT)<br>and at times a patent foramen ovale (FORAMEN OVALE, PATENT).",""],["Sleep Apnea Syndromes",43780,0.4,"D012891","C08.618.085.852",3,"Description: Disorders characterized by multiple cessations of<br>respirations during sleep that induce partial arousals and<br>interfere with the maintenance of sleep. Sleep apnea syndromes<br>are divided into central (see SLEEP APNEA, CENTRAL), obstructive<br>(see SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE), and mixed central-obstructive<br>types.",""],["Pleuropneumonia",633,0.0,"D011001","C08.381.677.473",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is<br>associated with PLEURISY, inflammation of the PLEURA.",""],["Pleuropneumonia",633,0.0,"D011001","C08.528.735.473",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is<br>associated with PLEURISY, inflammation of the PLEURA.",""],["Pleuropneumonia",633,0.0,"D011001","C08.730.582.473",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is<br>associated with PLEURISY, inflammation of the PLEURA.",""],["Pleuropneumonia",633,0.0,"D011001","C08.730.610.473",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is<br>associated with PLEURISY, inflammation of the PLEURA.",""],["Pneumonia, Aspiration",4452,0.0,"D011015","C08.381.677.529",1,"Description: A type of lung inflammation resulting from the<br>aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT.",""],["Pneumonia, Aspiration",4452,0.0,"D011015","C08.730.610.529",1,"Description: A type of lung inflammation resulting from the<br>aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT.",""],["Pneumonia, Bacterial",21749,0.2,"D018410","C08.381.677.540",7,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused<br>by bacterial infections.",""],["Pneumonia, Bacterial",21749,0.2,"D018410","C08.730.610.540",7,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused<br>by bacterial infections.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumocystis",7434,0.1,"D011020","C08.381.472.700",0,"Description: A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in<br>immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants,<br>characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis<br>pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS.<br>It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is<br>also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species<br>of Pneumocystis.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumocystis",7434,0.1,"D011020","C08.381.677.675",0,"Description: A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in<br>immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants,<br>characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis<br>pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS.<br>It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is<br>also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species<br>of Pneumocystis.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumocystis",7434,0.1,"D011020","C08.730.435.700",0,"Description: A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in<br>immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants,<br>characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis<br>pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS.<br>It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is<br>also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species<br>of Pneumocystis.",""],["Pneumonia, Pneumocystis",7434,0.1,"D011020","C08.730.610.675",0,"Description: A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in<br>immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants,<br>characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis<br>pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS.<br>It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is<br>also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species<br>of Pneumocystis.",""],["Respiratory Paralysis",1652,0.0,"D012133","C08.618.846.812",0,"Description: Complete or severe weakness of the muscles of<br>respiration. This condition may be associated with MOTOR NEURON<br>DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION<br>DISEASES; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; injury to the PHRENIC NERVE; and<br>other disorders.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial",6836,0.1,"D012221","C08.674.453.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose<br>similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist<br>throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens,<br>particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.",""],["Rhinitis, Atrophic",1182,0.0,"D012222","C08.460.799.649",0,"Description: A chronic inflammation in which the NASAL MUCOSA<br>gradually changes from a functional to a non-functional lining<br>without mucociliary clearance. It is often accompanied by<br>degradation of the bony TURBINATES, and the foul-smelling mucus<br>which forms a greenish crust (ozena).",""],["Rhinitis, Vasomotor",514,0.0,"D012223","C08.460.799.910",0,"Description: A form of non-allergic rhinitis that is<br>characterized by nasal congestion and posterior pharyngeal<br>drainage.",""],["Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic",335,0.0,"D012766","C08.730.085.600",0,"Description: Bovine respiratory disease found in animals that<br>have been shipped or exposed to CATTLE recently transported. The<br>major agent responsible for the disease is MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA<br>and less commonly, PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA or HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS.<br>All three agents are normal inhabitants of the bovine nasal<br>pharyngeal mucosa but not the LUNG. They are considered<br>opportunistic pathogens following STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL and/or a<br>viral infection. The resulting bacterial fibrinous<br>BRONCHOPNEUMONIA is often fatal.",""],["Silicotuberculosis",664,0.0,"D012830","C08.381.922.669",0,"Description: Pulmonary or extrapulmonary infection caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or nontuberculous mycobacteria in a<br>patient with silicosis.",""],["Silicotuberculosis",664,0.0,"D012830","C08.730.939.669",0,"Description: Pulmonary or extrapulmonary infection caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or nontuberculous mycobacteria in a<br>patient with silicosis.",""],["Sinusitis",21135,0.2,"D012852","C08.460.692.752",4,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of<br>the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Status Asthmaticus",1100,0.0,"D013224","C08.127.108.880",0,"Description: A sudden intense and continuous aggravation of a<br>state of asthma, marked by dyspnea to the point of exhaustion and<br>collapse and not responding to the usual therapeutic efforts.",""],["Status Asthmaticus",1100,0.0,"D013224","C08.674.095.880",0,"Description: A sudden intense and continuous aggravation of a<br>state of asthma, marked by dyspnea to the point of exhaustion and<br>collapse and not responding to the usual therapeutic efforts.",""],["Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis",7017,0.1,"D014890","C08.381.483.950",0,"Description: A multisystemic disease of a complex genetic<br>background. It is characterized by inflammation of the blood<br>vessels (VASCULITIS) leading to damage in any number of organs.<br>The common features include granulomatous inflammation of the<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT and KIDNEYS. Most patients have measurable<br>autoantibodies (ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES) against<br>MYELOBLASTIN.",""],["Ethmoid Sinusitis",444,0.0,"D015521","C08.730.749.267",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the ETHMOID<br>SINUS. It may present itself as an acute (infectious) or chronic<br>(allergic) condition.",""],["Frontal Sinusitis",720,0.0,"D015522","C08.730.749.387",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the FRONTAL<br>SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the<br>bacteria STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE or HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE.",""],["Maxillary Sinusitis",1890,0.0,"D015523","C08.730.749.578",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the MAXILLARY<br>SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the<br>bacteria HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; or<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.",""],["Sphenoid Sinusitis",440,0.0,"D015524","C08.730.749.827",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the SPHENOID<br>SINUS. Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is uncommon. It usually occurs<br>in conjunction with other paranasal sinusitis.",""],["Pleural Effusion, Malignant",3494,0.0,"D016066","C08.528.652.700",0,"Description: Presence of fluid in the PLEURAL CAVITY as a<br>complication of malignant disease. Malignant pleural effusions<br>often contain actual malignant cells.",""],["Pleural Effusion, Malignant",3494,0.0,"D016066","C08.528.694.700",0,"Description: Presence of fluid in the PLEURAL CAVITY as a<br>complication of malignant disease. Malignant pleural effusions<br>often contain actual malignant cells.",""],["Pleural Effusion, Malignant",3494,0.0,"D016066","C08.785.640.700",0,"Description: Presence of fluid in the PLEURAL CAVITY as a<br>complication of malignant disease. Malignant pleural effusions<br>often contain actual malignant cells.",""],["Radiation Pneumonitis",1255,0.0,"D017564","C08.381.483.675",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung due to harmful effects of<br>ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.",""],["Radiation Pneumonitis",1255,0.0,"D017564","C08.381.520.734",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung due to harmful effects of<br>ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.",""],["Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary",3285,0.0,"D017565","C08.381.483.725",0,"Description: Sarcoidosis affecting predominantly the lungs, the<br>site most frequently involved and most commonly causing morbidity<br>and mortality in sarcoidosis. Pulmonary sarcoidosis is<br>characterized by sharply circumscribed granulomas in the<br>alveolar, bronchial, and vascular walls, composed of tightly<br>packed cells derived from the mononuclear phagocyte system. The<br>clinical symptoms when present are dyspnea upon exertion,<br>nonproductive cough, and wheezing. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine,<br>19th ed, p431)",""],["Retropharyngeal Abscess",689,0.0,"D017703","C08.730.561.625",0,"Description: An accumulation of purulent material in the space<br>between the PHARYNX and the CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. This usually<br>results from SUPPURATION of retropharyngeal LYMPH NODES in<br>patients with UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS, perforation of<br>the pharynx, or head and neck injuries.",""],["Positive-Pressure Respiration, Intrinsic",144,0.0,"D018467","C08.618.846.688",0,"Description: Non-therapeutic positive end-expiratory pressure<br>occurring frequently in patients with severe airway obstruction.<br>It can appear with or without the administration of external<br>positive end-expiratory pressure (POSITIVE-PRESSURE RESPIRATION).<br>It presents an important load on the inspiratory muscles which<br>are operating at a mechanical disadvantage due to hyperinflation.<br>Auto-PEEP may cause profound hypotension that should be treated<br>by intravascular volume expansion, increasing the time for<br>expiration, and/or changing from assist mode to intermittent<br>mandatory ventilation mode. (From Harrison's Principles of<br>Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1127)",""],["Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome",668,0.0,"D018804","C08.618.846.450",0,"Description: Acute respiratory illness in humans caused by the<br>SIN NOMBRE VIRUS whose primary rodent reservoir is the deer mouse<br>Peromyscus maniculatus. First identified in the southwestern<br>United States, this syndrome is characterized most commonly by<br>fever, myalgias, headache, cough, and rapid respiratory failure.",""],["Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease",1817,0.0,"D019867","C08.381.483.156",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease of the KIDNEY and the LUNG. It<br>is characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies<br>targeting the epitopes in the non-collagenous domains of COLLAGEN<br>TYPE IV in the basement membranes of kidney glomeruli (KIDNEY<br>GLOMERULUS) and lung alveoli (PULMONARY ALVEOLI), and the<br>subsequent destruction of these basement membranes. Clinical<br>features include pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage and<br>glomerulonephritis.",""],["Bronchitis, Chronic",1669,0.0,"D029481","C08.127.446.567",0,"Description: A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY<br>DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus<br>accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive<br>years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of<br>chronic bronchitis.",""],["Bronchitis, Chronic",1669,0.0,"D029481","C08.730.099.567",0,"Description: A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY<br>DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus<br>accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive<br>years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of<br>chronic bronchitis.",""],["Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma",196,0.0,"D047868","C08.381.540.867",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of pneumocytes, cells of the<br>PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Originally considered to be vascular in<br>origin, it is now classified as an epithelial tumor with several<br>elements, including solid cellular areas, papillary structure,<br>sclerotic regions, and dilated blood-filled spaces resembling<br>HEMANGIOMA.",""],["Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma",196,0.0,"D047868","C08.785.520.867",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of pneumocytes, cells of the<br>PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Originally considered to be vascular in<br>origin, it is now classified as an epithelial tumor with several<br>elements, including solid cellular areas, papillary structure,<br>sclerotic regions, and dilated blood-filled spaces resembling<br>HEMANGIOMA.",""],["Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic",44,0.0,"D048089","C08.730.085.630",0,"Description: Chronic endemic respiratory disease of dairy calves<br>and an important component of bovine respiratory disease complex.<br>It primarily affects calves up to six months of age and the<br>etiology is multifactorial. Stress plus a primary viral infection<br>is followed by a secondary bacterial infection. The latter is<br>most commonly associated with PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA producing a<br>purulent BRONCHOPNEUMONIA. Sometimes present are MANNHEIMIA<br>HAEMOLYTICA; HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS and mycoplasma species.",""],["Pulmonary Infarction",279,0.0,"D054060","C08.381.746.500",0,"Description: NECROSIS of lung tissue that is cause by the lack of<br>OXYGEN or blood supply. The most common cause of pulmonary<br>infarction is a blood clot in the lung.",""],["Tracheomalacia",258,0.0,"D055090","C08.907.796.500",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the TRACHEA. This results in a<br>floppy tracheal wall making patency difficult to maintain. It is<br>characterized by wheezing and difficult breathing.",""],["Bronchomalacia",89,0.0,"D055091","C08.127.719.500",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the BRONCHI. This results in a<br>floppy bronchial wall making patency difficult to maintain. It is<br>characterized by wheezing and difficult breathing.",""],["Dysphonia",1874,0.0,"D055154","C08.360.940.325",0,"Description: Difficulty and/or pain in PHONATION or speaking.",""],["Multiple Pulmonary Nodules",1501,0.0,"D055613","C08.381.540.148",0,"Description: A number of small lung lesions characterized by<br>small round masses of 2- to 3-mm in diameter. They are usually<br>detected by chest CT scans (COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY). Such<br>nodules can be associated with metastases of malignancies inside<br>or outside the lung, benign granulomas, or other lesions.",""],["Multiple Pulmonary Nodules",1501,0.0,"D055613","C08.785.520.148",0,"Description: A number of small lung lesions characterized by<br>small round masses of 2- to 3-mm in diameter. They are usually<br>detected by chest CT scans (COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY). Such<br>nodules can be associated with metastases of malignancies inside<br>or outside the lung, benign granulomas, or other lesions.",""],["Asthma, Aspirin-Induced",486,0.0,"D055963","C08.127.108.054",0,"Description: Asthmatic adverse reaction (e.g.,<br>BRONCHOCONSTRICTION) to conventional NSAIDS including aspirin<br>use.",""],["Asthma, Aspirin-Induced",486,0.0,"D055963","C08.674.095.054",0,"Description: Asthmatic adverse reaction (e.g.,<br>BRONCHOCONSTRICTION) to conventional NSAIDS including aspirin<br>use.",""],["Brief, Resolved, Unexplained Event",61,0.0,"D057768","C08.618.846.600",0,"Description: An event experienced by an infant or a child that is<br>characterized by some combination of apnea, color change, change<br>in muscle tone, choking, and gagging.",""],["Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn",129,0.0,"D059245","C08.618.961.500",0,"Description: Abnormal increase in RESPIRATORY RATE in the<br>newborn. It is self-limiting and attributed to the delayed fetal<br>lung fluid clearance often in CAESAREAN SECTION delivery.",""],["Asthma, Occupational",692,0.0,"D059366","C08.127.108.495",0,"Description: Asthma attacks caused, triggered, or exacerbated by<br>OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE.",""],["Asthma, Occupational",692,0.0,"D059366","C08.674.095.495",0,"Description: Asthma attacks caused, triggered, or exacerbated by<br>OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE.",""],["Trichosporonosis",204,0.0,"D060586","C08.674.055.682",0,"Description: Fungal infections caused by TRICHOSPORON that may<br>become systemic especially in an IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST. Clinical<br>manifestations range from superficial cutaneous infections to<br>systemic lesions in multiple organs.",""],["Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries",852,0.0,"D061226","C08.360.424.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE<br>that may result in vocal cord dysfunction.",""],["Respiratory Aspiration of Gastric Contents",76,0.0,"D063466","C08.618.749.500",0,"Description: Inhaling refluxed gastric or duodenal contents.",""],["Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension",731,0.0,"D065627","C08.381.423.300",0,"Description: Familial or idiopathic hypertension in the PULMONARY<br>CIRCULATION which is not secondary to other disease.",""],["Pharyngitis",13740,0.1,"D010612","C08.730.561",4,"Description: Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).",""],["Pneumonia",243590,2.3,"D011014","C08.381.677",18,"Description: Infection of the lung often accompanied by<br>inflammation.",""],["Pneumonia",243590,2.3,"D011014","C08.730.610",18,"Description: Infection of the lung often accompanied by<br>inflammation.",""],["Lung Injury",42305,0.4,"D055370","C08.381.520",17,"Description: Damage to any compartment of the lung caused by<br>physical, chemical, or biological agents which characteristically<br>elicit inflammatory reaction. These inflammatory reactions can<br>either be acute and dominated by NEUTROPHILS, or chronic and<br>dominated by LYMPHOCYTES and MACROPHAGES.",""],["Lung Diseases, Interstitial",87756,0.8,"D017563","C08.381.483",28,"Description: A diverse group of lung diseases that affect the<br>lung parenchyma. They are characterized by an initial<br>inflammation of PULMONARY ALVEOLI that extends to the<br>interstitium and beyond leading to diffuse PULMONARY FIBROSIS.<br>Interstitial lung diseases are classified by their etiology<br>(known or unknown causes), and radiological-pathological<br>features.",""],["Asthma",129903,1.2,"D001249","C08.127.108",5,"Description: A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct<br>components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY<br>OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of<br>airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA,<br>PAROXYSMAL).",""],["Lung Diseases, Obstructive",227188,2.1,"D008173","C08.381.495",12,"Description: Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting<br>airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic,<br>intermittent, or persistent.",""],["Asthma",129903,1.2,"D001249","C08.674.095",5,"Description: A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct<br>components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY<br>OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of<br>airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA,<br>PAROXYSMAL).",""],["Hypertension, Pulmonary",37703,0.3,"D006976","C08.381.423",3,"Description: Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY<br>CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG<br>DISEASES.",""],["Lung Neoplasms",307277,2.8,"D008175","C08.381.540",7,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.",""],["Lung Neoplasms",317122,2.9,"D008175","C08.785.520",8,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.",""],["Pleural Neoplasms",14220,0.1,"D010997","C08.785.640",2,"Description: Neoplasms of the thin serous membrane that envelopes<br>the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity. Pleural neoplasms are<br>exceedingly rare and are usually not diagnosed until they are<br>advanced because in the early stages they produce no symptoms.",""],["Respiratory Insufficiency",48473,0.4,"D012131","C08.618.846",10,"Description: Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the<br>body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Hyperventilation",3709,0.0,"D006985","C08.618.501",1,"Description: A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is<br>metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the<br>result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal<br>volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of<br>oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide.",""],["Altitude Sickness",3865,0.0,"D000532","C08.618.020",0,"Description: Multiple symptoms associated with reduced oxygen at<br>high ALTITUDE.",""],["Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic",4528,0.0,"D000542","C08.674.055",3,"Description: A common interstitial lung disease caused by<br>hypersensitivity reactions of PULMONARY ALVEOLI after inhalation<br>of and sensitization to environmental antigens of microbial,<br>animal, or chemical sources. The disease is characterized by<br>lymphocytic alveolitis and granulomatous pneumonitis.",""],["Voice Disorders",8756,0.1,"D014832","C08.360.940",3,"Description: Pathological processes that affect voice production,<br>usually involving VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA. Voice<br>disorders can be caused by organic (anatomical), or functional<br>(emotional or psychological) factors leading to DYSPHONIA;<br>APHONIA; and defects in VOICE QUALITY, loudness, and pitch.",""],["Apnea",48387,0.4,"D001049","C08.618.085",4,"Description: A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.",""],["Lung Diseases, Fungal",22365,0.2,"D008172","C08.381.472",5,"Description: Pulmonary diseases caused by fungal infections,<br>usually through hematogenous spread.",""],["Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary",1865,0.0,"D001229","C08.674.060",0,"Description: Hypersensitivity reaction (ALLERGIC REACTION) to<br>fungus ASPERGILLUS in an individual with long-standing BRONCHIAL<br>ASTHMA. It is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates,<br>EOSINOPHILIA, elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and skin<br>reactivity to Aspergillus antigen.",""],["Lung Diseases, Fungal",19517,0.2,"D008172","C08.730.435",3,"Description: Pulmonary diseases caused by fungal infections,<br>usually through hematogenous spread.",""],["Pulmonary Atelectasis",4496,0.0,"D001261","C08.381.730",1,"Description: Absence of air in the entire or part of a lung, such<br>as an incompletely inflated neonate lung or a collapsed adult<br>lung. Pulmonary atelectasis can be caused by airway obstruction,<br>lung compression, fibrotic contraction, or other factors.",""],["Bronchial Fistula",3684,0.0,"D001983","C08.127.196",0,"Description: An abnormal passage or communication between a<br>bronchus and another part of the body.",""],["Bronchial Fistula",3684,0.0,"D001983","C08.702.196",0,"Description: An abnormal passage or communication between a<br>bronchus and another part of the body.",""],["Bronchial Neoplasms",9845,0.1,"D001984","C08.127.265",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI.",""],["Bronchial Spasm",2463,0.0,"D001986","C08.127.321",0,"Description: Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the<br>bronchi.",""],["Bronchiectasis",8158,0.1,"D001987","C08.127.384",1,"Description: Persistent abnormal dilatation of the bronchi.",""],["Bronchitis",24337,0.2,"D001991","C08.127.446",5,"Description: Inflammation of the large airways in the lung<br>including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to<br>the TERTIARY BRONCHI.",""],["Bronchitis",20766,0.2,"D001991","C08.730.099",3,"Description: Inflammation of the large airways in the lung<br>including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to<br>the TERTIARY BRONCHI.",""],["Bronchogenic Cyst",1426,0.0,"D001994","C08.127.480",0,"Description: A usually spherical cyst, arising as an embryonic<br>out-pouching of the foregut or trachea. It is generally found in<br>the mediastinum or lung and is usually asymptomatic unless it<br>becomes infected.",""],["Bronchogenic Cyst",1426,0.0,"D001994","C08.695.195",0,"Description: A usually spherical cyst, arising as an embryonic<br>out-pouching of the foregut or trachea. It is generally found in<br>the mediastinum or lung and is usually asymptomatic unless it<br>becomes infected.",""],["Bronchopneumonia",2271,0.0,"D001996","C08.127.509",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is<br>associated with BRONCHITIS, usually involving lobular areas from<br>TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES to the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. The affected areas<br>become filled with exudate that forms consolidated patches.",""],["Bronchopulmonary Sequestration",2110,0.0,"D001998","C08.695.214",0,"Description: A developmental anomaly in which a mass of<br>nonfunctioning lung tissue lacks normal connection with the<br>tracheobroncheal tree and receives an anomalous blood supply<br>originating from the descending thoracic or abdominal aorta. The<br>mass may be extralobar, i.e., completely separated from normally<br>connected lung, or intralobar, i.e., partly surrounded by normal<br>lung.",""],["Cheyne-Stokes Respiration",635,0.0,"D002639","C08.618.182",0,"Description: An abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by<br>alternating periods of apnea and deep, rapid breathing. The cycle<br>begins with slow, shallow breaths that gradually increase in<br>depth and rate and is then followed by a period of apnea. The<br>period of apnea can last 5 to 30 seconds, then the cycle repeats<br>every 45 seconds to 3 minutes.",""],["Choanal Atresia",761,0.0,"D002754","C08.460.171",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality that is characterized by a<br>blocked CHOANAE, the opening between the nose and the<br>NASOPHARYNX. Blockage can be unilateral or bilateral; bony or<br>membranous.",""],["Choanal Atresia",761,0.0,"D002754","C08.695.271",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality that is characterized by a<br>blocked CHOANAE, the opening between the nose and the<br>NASOPHARYNX. Blockage can be unilateral or bilateral; bony or<br>membranous.",""],["Chylothorax",3156,0.0,"D002916","C08.528.142",0,"Description: The presence of chyle in the thoracic cavity.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Solitary Pulmonary Nodule",4309,0.0,"D003074","C08.381.884",0,"Description: A single lung lesion that is characterized by a<br>small round mass of tissue, usually less than 1 cm in diameter,<br>and can be detected by chest radiography. A solitary pulmonary<br>nodule can be associated with neoplasm, tuberculosis, cyst, or<br>other anomalies in the lung, the CHEST WALL, or the PLEURA.",""],["Common Cold",3487,0.0,"D003139","C08.730.162",0,"Description: A catarrhal disorder of the upper respiratory tract,<br>which may be viral or a mixed infection. It generally involves a<br>runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing.",""],["Cough",10233,0.1,"D003371","C08.618.248",0,"Description: A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs<br>through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is<br>a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi,<br>and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent<br>aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.",""],["Laryngitis",3645,0.0,"D007827","C08.360.535",1,"Description: Inflammation of the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA, including the<br>VOCAL CORDS. Laryngitis is characterized by irritation, edema,<br>and reduced pliability of the mucosa leading to VOICE DISORDERS<br>such as APHONIA and HOARSENESS.",""],["Cystic Fibrosis",37072,0.3,"D003550","C08.381.187",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the<br>EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding<br>the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed<br>in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY<br>SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by<br>epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal<br>obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY<br>INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt<br>depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.",""],["Dyspnea",11148,0.1,"D004417","C08.618.326",1,"Description: Difficult or labored breathing.",""],["Lung Diseases, Parasitic",4348,0.0,"D008174","C08.381.517",1,"Description: Infections of the lungs with parasites, most<br>commonly by parasitic worms (HELMINTHS).",""],["Lung Diseases, Parasitic",4348,0.0,"D008174","C08.730.450",1,"Description: Infections of the lungs with parasites, most<br>commonly by parasitic worms (HELMINTHS).",""],["Empyema, Pleural",3947,0.0,"D016724","C08.528.240",1,"Description: Suppurative inflammation of the pleural space.",""],["Tuberculosis, Pleural",2725,0.0,"D014396","C08.528.928",1,"Description: Tuberculosis of the serous membrane lining the<br>thoracic cavity and surrounding the lungs.",""],["Empyema, Pleural",3947,0.0,"D016724","C08.730.265",1,"Description: Suppurative inflammation of the pleural space.",""],["Tuberculosis, Pleural",2725,0.0,"D014396","C08.730.912",1,"Description: Tuberculosis of the serous membrane lining the<br>thoracic cavity and surrounding the lungs.",""],["Supraglottitis",1023,0.0,"D059525","C08.730.798",1,"Description: Inflammation of the EPIGLOTTIS and supraglottic<br>structures including the PHARYNX; UVULA; base of tongue; and<br>aryepiglottic folds. It is usually caused by HAEMOPHILUS<br>INFLUENZAE in children but often by different organisms in<br>adults.",""],["Epistaxis",3765,0.0,"D004844","C08.460.261",0,"Description: Bleeding from the nose.",""],["Granuloma, Laryngeal",214,0.0,"D006102","C08.280.400",0,"Description: A tumor-like nodule or mass of inflammatory<br>granulation tissue projecting into the lumen of the LARYNX.",""],["Granuloma, Laryngeal",214,0.0,"D006102","C08.360.232",0,"Description: A tumor-like nodule or mass of inflammatory<br>granulation tissue projecting into the lumen of the LARYNX.",""],["Granuloma, Lethal Midline",498,0.0,"D006103","C08.460.393",0,"Description: A condition that is characterized by inflammation,<br>ulceration, and perforation of the nose and the PALATE with<br>progressive destruction of midline facial structures. This<br>syndrome can be manifested in several diseases including the<br>nasal type of EXTRANODAL NK-T-CELL LYMPHOMA and GRANULOMATOSIS<br>WITH POLYANGIITIS.",""],["Rhinitis",36750,0.3,"D012220","C08.460.799",5,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous<br>membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic",22622,0.2,"D065631","C08.674.453",2,"Description: An inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA triggered by<br>ALLERGENS.",""],["Hemopneumothorax",456,0.0,"D006468","C08.528.338",0,"Description: Collection of air and blood in the pleural cavity.",""],["Hemoptysis",4326,0.0,"D006469","C08.381.348",0,"Description: Expectoration or spitting of blood originating from<br>any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, usually from hemorrhage in the<br>lung parenchyma (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and the BRONCHIAL ARTERIES.",""],["Hemothorax",2054,0.0,"D006491","C08.528.380",0,"Description: Hemorrhage within the pleural cavity.",""],["Hoarseness",1569,0.0,"D006685","C08.618.490",1,"Description: An unnaturally deep or rough quality of voice.",""],["Respiratory Distress Syndrome",31951,0.3,"D012128","C08.381.840",3,"Description: A syndrome characterized by progressive life-<br>threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known<br>LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as<br>surgery or major TRAUMA.",""],["Respiratory Distress Syndrome",31951,0.3,"D012128","C08.618.840",3,"Description: A syndrome characterized by progressive life-<br>threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known<br>LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as<br>surgery or major TRAUMA.",""],["Hydropneumothorax",219,0.0,"D006872","C08.528.434",0,"Description: A collection of fluid and gas within the pleural<br>cavity. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hydrothorax",1151,0.0,"D006876","C08.528.476",0,"Description: A collection of watery fluid in the pleural cavity.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Influenza, Human",54284,0.5,"D007251","C08.730.310",0,"Description: An acute viral infection in humans involving the<br>respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL<br>MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe,<br>often generalized, myalgia.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C08.200.531",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C08.695.501",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Laryngeal Edema",634,0.0,"D007819","C08.360.313",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissues of any<br>part of the LARYNX, commonly associated with laryngeal injuries<br>and allergic reactions.",""],["Laryngeal Neoplasms",26130,0.2,"D007822","C08.360.369",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts:<br>the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES;<br>and VOCAL CORDS.",""],["Laryngeal Neoplasms",26130,0.2,"D007822","C08.785.481",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts:<br>the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES;<br>and VOCAL CORDS.",""],["Vocal Cord Dysfunction",906,0.0,"D064706","C08.360.895",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by an intermittent abnormal<br>VOCAL CORDS movement toward the midline during inspiration or<br>expiration resulting in upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION.",""],["Vocal Cord Dysfunction",906,0.0,"D064706","C08.618.980",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by an intermittent abnormal<br>VOCAL CORDS movement toward the midline during inspiration or<br>expiration resulting in upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION.",""],["Laryngitis",2555,0.0,"D007827","C08.730.368",0,"Description: Inflammation of the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA, including the<br>VOCAL CORDS. Laryngitis is characterized by irritation, edema,<br>and reduced pliability of the mucosa leading to VOICE DISORDERS<br>such as APHONIA and HOARSENESS.",""],["Laryngostenosis",2767,0.0,"D007829","C08.360.591",0,"Description: Developmental or acquired stricture or narrowing of<br>the LARYNX. Symptoms of respiratory difficulty depend on the<br>degree of laryngeal narrowing.",""],["Legionellosis",5645,0.1,"D007876","C08.730.382",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus LEGIONELLA.",""],["Lung Abscess",3901,0.0,"D008169","C08.381.450",0,"Description: Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the<br>lung parenchyma as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa,<br>or other agents.",""],["Lung Abscess",3901,0.0,"D008169","C08.730.407",0,"Description: Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the<br>lung parenchyma as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa,<br>or other agents.",""],["Nose Neoplasms",19494,0.2,"D009669","C08.460.669",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.",""],["Paranasal Sinus Diseases",35419,0.3,"D010254","C08.460.692",7,"Description: Diseases affecting or involving the PARANASAL<br>SINUSES and generally manifesting as inflammation, abscesses,<br>cysts, or tumors.",""],["Nose Neoplasms",19494,0.2,"D009669","C08.785.600",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.",""],["Meconium Aspiration Syndrome",893,0.0,"D008471","C08.618.580",0,"Description: A condition caused by inhalation of MECONIUM into<br>the LUNG of FETUS or NEWBORN, usually due to vigorous respiratory<br>movements during difficult PARTURITION or respiratory system<br>abnormalities. Meconium aspirate may block small airways leading<br>to difficulties in PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE and ASPIRATION<br>PNEUMONIA.",""],["Mediastinal Diseases",24859,0.2,"D008477","C08.846.187",4,"Description: Disorders of the mediastinum, general or<br>unspecified.",""],["Mouth Breathing",620,0.0,"D009058","C08.618.659",0,"Description: Abnormal breathing through the mouth, usually<br>associated with obstructive disorders of the nasal passages.",""],["Nasal Polyps",6272,0.1,"D009298","C08.460.572",0,"Description: Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL<br>MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal<br>connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION,<br>degenerative lesions, or malformations.",""],["Nose Deformities, Acquired",2457,0.0,"D009667","C08.460.619",0,"Description: Abnormalities of the nose acquired after birth from<br>injury or disease.",""],["Pleural Effusion",15377,0.1,"D010996","C08.528.652",1,"Description: Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting<br>from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural<br>surfaces. It is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis in itself.",""],["Pleural Neoplasms",13617,0.1,"D010997","C08.528.694",1,"Description: Neoplasms of the thin serous membrane that envelopes<br>the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity. Pleural neoplasms are<br>exceedingly rare and are usually not diagnosed until they are<br>advanced because in the early stages they produce no symptoms.",""],["Pleurisy",4352,0.0,"D010998","C08.528.735",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When<br>PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN.",""],["Pleurisy",4352,0.0,"D010998","C08.730.582",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When<br>PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN.",""],["Pneumothorax",14042,0.1,"D011030","C08.528.778",0,"Description: An accumulation of air or gas in the PLEURAL CAVITY,<br>which may occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma or a<br>pathological process. The gas may also be introduced deliberately<br>during PNEUMOTHORAX, ARTIFICIAL.",""],["Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis",1840,0.0,"D011649","C08.381.719",0,"Description: A PULMONARY ALVEOLI-filling disease, characterized<br>by dense phospholipoproteinaceous deposits in the alveoli, cough,<br>and DYSPNEA. This disease is often related to, congenital or<br>acquired, impaired processing of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS by<br>alveolar macrophages, a process dependent on GRANULOCYTE-<br>MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR.",""],["Pulmonary Edema",11206,0.1,"D011654","C08.381.742",0,"Description: Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the<br>lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder.<br>Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the<br>PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.",""],["Pulmonary Embolism",35608,0.3,"D011655","C08.381.746",1,"Description: Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its<br>branches by an EMBOLUS.",""],["Pulmonary Eosinophilia",2806,0.0,"D011657","C08.381.750",0,"Description: A condition characterized by infiltration of the<br>lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease<br>processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic<br>pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents.",""],["Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease",875,0.0,"D011668","C08.381.780",0,"Description: Pathological process resulting in the fibrous<br>obstruction of the small- and medium-sized PULMONARY VEINS and<br>PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. Veno-occlusion can arise from fibrous<br>proliferation of the VASCULAR INTIMA and VASCULAR MEDIA;<br>THROMBOSIS; or a combination of both.",""],["Rhinitis",12432,0.1,"D012220","C08.730.674",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous<br>membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.",""],["Rhinoscleroma",812,0.0,"D012226","C08.460.850",0,"Description: A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA<br>RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not<br>limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of<br>the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and<br>the skin.",""],["Rhinoscleroma",812,0.0,"D012226","C08.730.702",0,"Description: A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA<br>RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not<br>limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of<br>the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and<br>the skin.",""],["Scimitar Syndrome",1032,0.0,"D012587","C08.381.844",0,"Description: An anomalous pulmonary venous return in which the<br>right PULMONARY VEIN is not connected to the LEFT ATRIUM but to<br>the INFERIOR VENA CAVA. Scimitar syndrome is named for the<br>crescent- or Turkish sword-like shadow in the chest radiography<br>and is often associated with hypoplasia of the right lung and<br>right pulmonary artery, and dextroposition of the heart.",""],["Scimitar Syndrome",1032,0.0,"D012587","C08.695.815",0,"Description: An anomalous pulmonary venous return in which the<br>right PULMONARY VEIN is not connected to the LEFT ATRIUM but to<br>the INFERIOR VENA CAVA. Scimitar syndrome is named for the<br>crescent- or Turkish sword-like shadow in the chest radiography<br>and is often associated with hypoplasia of the right lung and<br>right pulmonary artery, and dextroposition of the heart.",""],["Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex",772,0.0,"D048090","C08.730.085",2,"Description: A multifactorial disease of CATTLE resulting from<br>complex interactions between environmental factors, host factors,<br>and pathogens. The environmental factors act as stressors<br>adversely affecting the IMMUNE SYSTEM and other host defenses and<br>enhancing transmission of infecting agents.",""],["Tuberculosis, Pulmonary",72037,0.7,"D014397","C08.381.922",1,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.",""],["Tuberculosis, Pulmonary",72037,0.7,"D014397","C08.730.939",1,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.",""],["Sinusitis",21135,0.2,"D012852","C08.730.749",4,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of<br>the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Tracheal Neoplasms",3431,0.0,"D014134","C08.785.760",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the TRACHEA.",""],["Tracheal Neoplasms",3431,0.0,"D014134","C08.907.563",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the TRACHEA.",""],["Tracheal Stenosis",5163,0.0,"D014135","C08.907.663",0,"Description: A pathological narrowing of the TRACHEA.",""],["Tracheitis",1100,0.0,"D014136","C08.730.848",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the TRACHEA that is usually<br>associated with RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS.",""],["Tracheitis",1100,0.0,"D014136","C08.907.763",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the TRACHEA that is usually<br>associated with RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS.",""],["Tracheobronchomegaly",226,0.0,"D014137","C08.127.930",0,"Description: A rare and probably congenital condition<br>characterized by great enlargement of the lumen of the trachea<br>and the larger bronchi.",""],["Tracheobronchomegaly",226,0.0,"D014137","C08.695.830",0,"Description: A rare and probably congenital condition<br>characterized by great enlargement of the lumen of the trachea<br>and the larger bronchi.",""],["Tracheobronchomegaly",226,0.0,"D014137","C08.907.830",0,"Description: A rare and probably congenital condition<br>characterized by great enlargement of the lumen of the trachea<br>and the larger bronchi.",""],["Tracheoesophageal Fistula",3289,0.0,"D014138","C08.702.750",0,"Description: Abnormal passage between the ESOPHAGUS and the<br>TRACHEA, acquired or congenital, often associated with ESOPHAGEAL<br>ATRESIA.",""],["Tracheoesophageal Fistula",3289,0.0,"D014138","C08.907.863",0,"Description: Abnormal passage between the ESOPHAGUS and the<br>TRACHEA, acquired or congenital, often associated with ESOPHAGEAL<br>ATRESIA.",""],["Tuberculosis, Laryngeal",694,0.0,"D014387","C08.360.860",0,"Description: Tuberculosis involving the larynx, producing<br>ulceration of the VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA.",""],["Tuberculosis, Laryngeal",694,0.0,"D014387","C08.730.860",0,"Description: Tuberculosis involving the larynx, producing<br>ulceration of the VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA.",""],["Vocal Cord Paralysis",5719,0.1,"D014826","C08.360.931",0,"Description: Congenital or acquired paralysis of one or both<br>VOCAL CORDS. This condition is caused by defects in the CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM, the VAGUS NERVE and branches of LARYNGEAL NERVES.<br>Common symptoms are VOICE DISORDERS including HOARSENESS or<br>APHONIA.",""],["Whooping Cough",8604,0.1,"D014917","C08.730.969",0,"Description: A respiratory infection caused by BORDETELLA<br>PERTUSSIS and characterized by paroxysmal coughing ending in a<br>prolonged crowing intake of breath.",""],["Nasal Obstruction",3809,0.0,"D015508","C08.460.525",0,"Description: Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of<br>the nose. The obstruction may be unilateral or bilateral, and may<br>involve any part of the NASAL CAVITY.",""],["Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital",1018,0.0,"D015615","C08.381.150",0,"Description: An abnormality in lung development that is<br>characterized by a multicystic mass resulting from an adenomatous<br>overgrowth of the terminal BRONCHIOLES with a consequent<br>reduction of PULMONARY ALVEOLI. This anomaly is classified into<br>three types by the cyst size.",""],["Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital",1018,0.0,"D015615","C08.695.290",0,"Description: An abnormality in lung development that is<br>characterized by a multicystic mass resulting from an adenomatous<br>overgrowth of the terminal BRONCHIOLES with a consequent<br>reduction of PULMONARY ALVEOLI. This anomaly is classified into<br>three types by the cyst size.",""],["Bronchial Hyperreactivity",5323,0.0,"D016535","C08.127.210",0,"Description: Tendency of the smooth muscle of the<br>tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a<br>given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal<br>individuals. This condition is present in virtually all<br>symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent<br>manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in<br>airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary<br>function laboratory.",""],["Plasma Cell Granuloma, Pulmonary",298,0.0,"D016726","C08.381.600",0,"Description: A tumor-like inflammatory lesion of the lung that is<br>composed of PLASMA CELLS and fibrous tissue. It is also known as<br>an inflammatory pseudotumor, often with calcification and<br>measuring between 2 and 5 cm in diameter.",""],["Lung, Hyperlucent",172,0.0,"D019568","C08.381.570",0,"Description: A lung with reduced markings on its chest radiograph<br>and increased areas of transradiancy (hyperlucency). A<br>hyperlucent lung is usually associated with pulmonary emphysema<br>or PNEUMOTHORAX.",""],["alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency",3182,0.0,"D019896","C08.381.112",0,"Description: Deficiency of the protease inhibitor ALPHA<br>1-ANTITRYPSIN that manifests primarily as PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA and<br>LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Hepatopulmonary Syndrome",990,0.0,"D020065","C08.381.385",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by the clinical triad of<br>advanced chronic liver disease, pulmonary vascular dilatations,<br>and reduced arterial oxygenation (HYPOXEMIA) in the absence of<br>intrinsic cardiopulmonary disease. This syndrome is common in the<br>patients with LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension<br>(HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).",""],["Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome",5563,0.1,"D045169","C08.730.730",0,"Description: A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry<br>COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties,<br>and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the<br>suspected agent.",""],["Respiratory Aspiration",1207,0.0,"D053120","C08.618.749",1,"Description: Inhaling liquid or solids, such as stomach contents,<br>into the RESPIRATORY TRACT. When this causes severe lung damage,<br>it is called ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA.",""],["Tracheobronchomalacia",350,0.0,"D055089","C08.127.719",1,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the TRACHEA and the BRONCHI. This<br>results in a floppy non-rigid airway making patency difficult to<br>maintain.",""],["Tracheobronchomalacia",519,0.0,"D055089","C08.907.796",1,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the TRACHEA and the BRONCHI. This<br>results in a floppy non-rigid airway making patency difficult to<br>maintain.",""],["Laryngomalacia",329,0.0,"D055092","C08.360.563",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the LARYNX. This results in a<br>floppy laryngeal wall making patency difficult to maintain.",""],["Acute Chest Syndrome",307,0.0,"D056586","C08.381.074",0,"Description: Respiratory syndrome characterized by the appearance<br>of a new pulmonary infiltrate on chest x-ray, accompanied by<br>symptoms of fever, cough, chest pain, tachypnea, or DYSPNEA,<br>often seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA. Multiple factors<br>(e.g., infection, and pulmonary FAT EMBOLISM) may contribute to<br>the development of the syndrome.",""],["Acute Chest Syndrome",307,0.0,"D056586","C08.618.009",0,"Description: Respiratory syndrome characterized by the appearance<br>of a new pulmonary infiltrate on chest x-ray, accompanied by<br>symptoms of fever, cough, chest pain, tachypnea, or DYSPNEA,<br>often seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA. Multiple factors<br>(e.g., infection, and pulmonary FAT EMBOLISM) may contribute to<br>the development of the syndrome.",""],["Laryngopharyngeal Reflux",951,0.0,"D057045","C08.360.577",0,"Description: Back flow of gastric contents to the LARYNGOPHARYNX<br>where it comes in contact with tissues of the upper aerodigestive<br>tract. Laryngopharyngeal reflux is an extraesophageal<br>manifestation of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX.",""],["Sarcoglycanopathies",86,0.0,"D058088","C08.618.923",0,"Description: Deficiencies or mutations in the genes for the<br>SARCOGLYCAN COMPLEX subunits. A variety of phenotypes are<br>associated with these mutations including a subgroup of autosomal<br>recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophies, cardiomyopathies, and<br>respiratory deficiency.",""],["Tachypnea",252,0.0,"D059246","C08.618.961",1,"Description: Increased RESPIRATORY RATE.",""],["Supraglottitis",58,0.0,"D059525","C08.360.840",0,"Description: Inflammation of the EPIGLOTTIS and supraglottic<br>structures including the PHARYNX; UVULA; base of tongue; and<br>aryepiglottic folds. It is usually caused by HAEMOPHILUS<br>INFLUENZAE in children but often by different organisms in<br>adults.",""],["Laryngocele",163,0.0,"D059608","C08.360.549",0,"Description: Congenital anomalous dilitation of the laryngeal<br>saccule that may extend internally into the airway or externally<br>through the thyrohyoid membrane.",""],["Laryngocele",163,0.0,"D059608","C08.695.520",0,"Description: Congenital anomalous dilitation of the laryngeal<br>saccule that may extend internally into the airway or externally<br>through the thyrohyoid membrane.",""],["Laryngeal Nerve Injuries",1126,0.0,"D061224","C08.360.424",1,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the LARYNGEAL NERVE.",""],["Nasal Septal Perforation",241,0.0,"D061270","C08.460.595",0,"Description: An opening or hole in the NASAL SEPTUM that is<br>caused by TRAUMA, injury, drug use, or pathological process.",""],["Respiratory Tract Infections",540519,5.0,"D012141","C08.730",64,"Description: Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by<br>microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or<br>diseases.",""],["Lung Diseases",1248853,11.6,"D008171","C08.381",124,"Description: Pathological processes involving any part of the<br>LUNG.",""],["Bronchial Diseases",195534,1.8,"D001982","C08.127",23,"Description: Diseases involving the BRONCHI.",""],["Respiratory Hypersensitivity",166636,1.5,"D012130","C08.674",14,"Description: A form of hypersensitivity affecting the respiratory<br>tract. It includes ASTHMA and RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL.",""],["Respiratory Tract Neoplasms",381862,3.5,"D012142","C08.785",17,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the RESPIRATORY<br>SYSTEM.",""],["Respiration Disorders",171927,1.6,"D012120","C08.618",39,"Description: Diseases of the respiratory system in general or<br>unspecified or for a specific respiratory disease not available.",""],["Laryngeal Diseases",59075,0.5,"D007818","C08.360",20,"Description: Pathological processes involving any part of the<br>LARYNX which coordinates many functions such as voice production,<br>breathing, swallowing, and coughing.",""],["Respiratory Tract Fistula",7900,0.1,"D016156","C08.702",2,"Description: An abnormal passage communicating between any<br>component of the respiratory tract or between any part of the<br>respiratory system and surrounding organs.",""],["Respiratory System Abnormalities",9299,0.1,"D015619","C08.695",8,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the<br>respiratory system.",""],["Nose Diseases",115581,1.1,"D009668","C08.460",25,"Description: Disorders of the nose, general or unspecified.",""],["Pleural Diseases",66206,0.6,"D010995","C08.528",16,"Description: Diseases involving the PLEURA.",""],["Ciliary Motility Disorders",2534,0.0,"D002925","C08.200",1,"Description: Conditions caused by abnormal CILIA movement in the<br>body, usually causing KARTAGENER SYNDROME, chronic respiratory<br>disorders, chronic SINUSITIS, and chronic OTITIS. Abnormal<br>ciliary beating is likely due to defects in any of the 200 plus<br>ciliary proteins, such as missing motor enzyme DYNEIN arms.",""],["Granuloma, Respiratory Tract",608,0.0,"D015769","C08.280",1,"Description: Granulomatous disorders affecting one or more sites<br>in the respiratory tract.",""],["Thoracic Diseases",29288,0.3,"D013896","C08.846",5,"Description: Disorders affecting the organs of the thorax.",""],["Tracheal Diseases",17121,0.2,"D014133","C08.907",7,"Description: Diseases involving the TRACHEA.",""],["Respiratory Tract Diseases",3030568,28.1,"D012140","C08",381,"Description: Diseases involving the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Organizing Pneumonia","Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia","Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","Hamman-Rich Syndrome","Anthracosilicosis","Anthracosilicosis","Anthracosilicosis","Anthracosilicosis","Bronchiolitis Obliterans","Bronchiolitis, Viral","Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung","Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome","Silicotuberculosis","Silicotuberculosis","Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia","Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias","Small Cell Lung Carcinoma","Peritonsillar Abscess","Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury","Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome","Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome","COVID-19","COVID-19","Anthracosis","Silicosis","Anthracosis","Silicosis","Asbestosis","Asbestosis","Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary","Berylliosis","Berylliosis","Bird Fancier's Lung","Bronchiolitis","Bronchiolitis Obliterans","Bronchiolitis, Viral","Bronchiolitis, Viral","Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia","Byssinosis","Byssinosis","Caplan Syndrome","Caplan Syndrome","Carcinoma, Bronchogenic","Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung","Eosinophilic Granuloma","Farmer's Lung","Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal","Hyaline Membrane Disease","Hyaline Membrane Disease","Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms","Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms","Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms","Sleep Apnea, Obstructive","Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome","Pneumonia, Lipid","Pneumonia, Lipid","Pneumonia, Pneumococcal","Pneumonia, Pneumococcal","Pneumonia, Mycoplasma","Pneumonia, Mycoplasma","Pneumonia, Rickettsial","Pneumonia, Rickettsial","Pneumonia, Staphylococcal","Pneumonia, Staphylococcal","Pulmonary Emphysema","Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial","Siderosis","Siderosis","Silo Filler's Disease","Nasal Obstruction","Ethmoid Sinusitis","Frontal Sinusitis","Maxillary Sinusitis","Sphenoid Sinusitis","Sleep Apnea, Central","Bronchitis, Chronic","Bronchitis, Chronic","Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal","Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal","Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic","Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic","Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated","Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated","Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis","Small Cell Lung Carcinoma","Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn","Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn","Trichosporonosis","Chlamydial Pneumonia","Chlamydial Pneumonia","Tonsillitis","Pneumonia, Necrotizing","Pneumonia, Necrotizing","Acute Lung Injury","Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia","Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia","Pulmonary Fibrosis","Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome","Asthma","Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive","Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome","Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension","Mesothelioma, Malignant","Mesothelioma, Malignant","Mesothelioma, Malignant","Pneumonia, Viral","Pneumonia, Viral","Acidosis, Respiratory","Airway Obstruction","Alkalosis, Respiratory","Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic","Pneumoconiosis","Pneumoconiosis","Aphonia","Pulmonary Aspergillosis","Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary","Asthma, Exercise-Induced","Asthma, Exercise-Induced","Bird Fancier's Lung","Blastomycosis","Blastomycosis","Bronchial Neoplasms","Bronchiolitis","Bronchitis","Bronchiolitis","Bronchopneumonia","Bronchopneumonia","Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury","Carcinoma, Bronchogenic","Croup","Dyspnea, Paroxysmal","Echinococcosis, Pulmonary","Echinococcosis, Pulmonary","Empyema, Tuberculous","Empyema, Tuberculous","Empyema, Tuberculous","Empyema, Tuberculous","Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell","Epiglottitis","Farmer's Lung","Granuloma, Laryngeal","Rhinitis, Allergic","Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal","Hoarseness","Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn","Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn","Hypoventilation","Kartagener Syndrome","Laryngismus","Laryngismus","Legionnaires' Disease","Lipoid Proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe","Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms","Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms","Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms","Meconium Aspiration Syndrome","Mediastinal Cyst","Mediastinal Emphysema","Mediastinal Neoplasms","Mediastinitis","Middle Lobe Syndrome","Nasopharyngitis","Pancoast Syndrome","Pancoast Syndrome","Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome","Sleep Apnea Syndromes","Pleuropneumonia","Pleuropneumonia","Pleuropneumonia","Pleuropneumonia","Pneumonia, Aspiration","Pneumonia, Aspiration","Pneumonia, Bacterial","Pneumonia, Bacterial","Pneumonia, Pneumocystis","Pneumonia, Pneumocystis","Pneumonia, Pneumocystis","Pneumonia, Pneumocystis","Respiratory Paralysis","Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial","Rhinitis, Atrophic","Rhinitis, Vasomotor","Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic","Silicotuberculosis","Silicotuberculosis","Sinusitis","Status Asthmaticus","Status Asthmaticus","Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis","Ethmoid Sinusitis","Frontal Sinusitis","Maxillary Sinusitis","Sphenoid Sinusitis","Pleural Effusion, Malignant","Pleural Effusion, Malignant","Pleural Effusion, Malignant","Radiation Pneumonitis","Radiation Pneumonitis","Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary","Retropharyngeal Abscess","Positive-Pressure Respiration, Intrinsic","Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome","Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease","Bronchitis, Chronic","Bronchitis, Chronic","Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma","Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma","Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic","Pulmonary Infarction","Tracheomalacia","Bronchomalacia","Dysphonia","Multiple Pulmonary Nodules","Multiple Pulmonary Nodules","Asthma, Aspirin-Induced","Asthma, Aspirin-Induced","Brief, Resolved, Unexplained Event","Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn","Asthma, Occupational","Asthma, Occupational","Trichosporonosis","Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries","Respiratory Aspiration of Gastric Contents","Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension","Pharyngitis","Pneumonia","Pneumonia","Lung Injury","Lung Diseases, Interstitial","Asthma","Lung Diseases, Obstructive","Asthma","Hypertension, Pulmonary","Lung Neoplasms","Lung Neoplasms","Pleural Neoplasms","Respiratory Insufficiency","Hyperventilation","Altitude Sickness","Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic","Voice Disorders","Apnea","Lung Diseases, Fungal","Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary","Lung Diseases, Fungal","Pulmonary Atelectasis","Bronchial Fistula","Bronchial Fistula","Bronchial Neoplasms","Bronchial Spasm","Bronchiectasis","Bronchitis","Bronchitis","Bronchogenic Cyst","Bronchogenic Cyst","Bronchopneumonia","Bronchopulmonary Sequestration","Cheyne-Stokes Respiration","Choanal Atresia","Choanal Atresia","Chylothorax","Solitary Pulmonary Nodule","Common Cold","Cough","Laryngitis","Cystic Fibrosis","Dyspnea","Lung Diseases, Parasitic","Lung Diseases, Parasitic","Empyema, Pleural","Tuberculosis, Pleural","Empyema, Pleural","Tuberculosis, Pleural","Supraglottitis","Epistaxis","Granuloma, Laryngeal","Granuloma, Laryngeal","Granuloma, Lethal Midline","Rhinitis","Rhinitis, Allergic","Hemopneumothorax","Hemoptysis","Hemothorax","Hoarseness","Respiratory Distress Syndrome","Respiratory Distress Syndrome","Hydropneumothorax","Hydrothorax","Influenza, Human","Kartagener Syndrome","Kartagener Syndrome","Laryngeal Edema","Laryngeal Neoplasms","Laryngeal Neoplasms","Vocal Cord Dysfunction","Vocal Cord Dysfunction","Laryngitis","Laryngostenosis","Legionellosis","Lung Abscess","Lung Abscess","Nose Neoplasms","Paranasal Sinus Diseases","Nose Neoplasms","Meconium Aspiration Syndrome","Mediastinal Diseases","Mouth Breathing","Nasal Polyps","Nose Deformities, Acquired","Pleural Effusion","Pleural Neoplasms","Pleurisy","Pleurisy","Pneumothorax","Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis","Pulmonary Edema","Pulmonary Embolism","Pulmonary Eosinophilia","Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease","Rhinitis","Rhinoscleroma","Rhinoscleroma","Scimitar Syndrome","Scimitar Syndrome","Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex","Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","Sinusitis","Tracheal Neoplasms","Tracheal Neoplasms","Tracheal 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Disorders","Laryngeal Diseases","Respiratory Tract Fistula","Respiratory System Abnormalities","Nose Diseases","Pleural Diseases","Ciliary Motility Disorders","Granuloma, Respiratory Tract","Thoracic Diseases","Tracheal Diseases","Respiratory Tract 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Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C09.218.458.341.186.500.750",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Usher Syndromes",603,0.0,"D052245","C09.218.458.341.186.500.500",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders<br>characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically<br>heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type<br>III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the<br>degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.",""],["Hearing Loss, Central",636,0.0,"D006313","C09.218.458.341.887.432",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to disease of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS<br>(in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) which originate in the COCHLEAR<br>NUCLEI of the PONS and then ascend bilaterally to the MIDBRAIN,<br>the THALAMUS, and then the AUDITORY CORTEX in the TEMPORAL LOBE.<br>Bilateral lesions of the auditory pathways are usually required<br>to cause central hearing loss. Cortical deafness refers to loss<br>of hearing due to bilateral auditory cortex lesions. Unilateral<br>BRAIN STEM lesions involving the cochlear nuclei may result in<br>unilateral hearing loss.",""],["Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced",6710,0.3,"D006317","C09.218.458.341.887.460",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to exposure to explosive loud noise<br>or chronic exposure to sound level greater than 85 dB. The<br>hearing loss is often in the frequency range 4000-6000 hertz.",""],["Presbycusis",1309,0.1,"D011304","C09.218.458.341.887.772",0,"Description: Gradual bilateral hearing loss associated with aging<br>that is due to progressive degeneration of cochlear structures<br>and central auditory pathways. Hearing loss usually begins with<br>the high frequencies then progresses to sounds of middle and low<br>frequencies.",""],["Deaf-Blind Disorders",1286,0.1,"D054062","C09.218.458.341.186.500",2,"Description: The absence of both hearing and vision.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.1,"D016518","C09.218.807.800.675.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Usher Syndromes",603,0.0,"D052245","C09.218.458.341.887.886",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders<br>characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically<br>heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type<br>III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the<br>degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.",""],["Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo",930,0.0,"D065635","C09.218.568.900.883.500",0,"Description: Idiopathic recurrent VERTIGO associated with<br>POSITIONAL NYSTAGMUS. It is associated with a vestibular loss<br>without other neurological or auditory signs. Unlike in<br>LABYRINTHITIS and VESTIBULAR NEURONITIS, inflammation in the ear<br>is not observed.",""],["Peritonsillar Abscess",1094,0.1,"D000039","C09.775.649.750.500",0,"Description: An accumulation of purulent material in the area<br>between the PALATINE TONSIL and its capsule.",""],["Bilateral Vestibulopathy",114,0.0,"D000071699","C09.218.568.900.442",0,"Description: Impairment of the vestibular function of both inner<br>ears which can cause difficulties with balance, gait, VERTIGO,<br>and visual blurring.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma",2059,0.1,"D000077274","C09.647.710.650.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the<br>NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous<br>cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY<br>ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian<br>populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS.<br>Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been<br>identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA,<br>KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma",2059,0.1,"D000077274","C09.775.350.650.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the<br>NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous<br>cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY<br>ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian<br>populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS.<br>Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been<br>identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA,<br>KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma",2059,0.1,"D000077274","C09.775.549.650.500",0,"Description: A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the<br>NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous<br>cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY<br>ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian<br>populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS.<br>Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been<br>identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA,<br>KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.",""],["Semicircular Canal Dehiscence",54,0.0,"D000084322","C09.218.568.900.663",0,"Description: A vestibular disorder caused by a pathologic third<br>window into the BONY LABYRINTH (in contrast to the normal ROUND<br>WINDOW OF EAR and the OVAL WINDOW OF EAR). It can present with<br>autophony, sound- or pressure-induced VERTIGO, and chronic<br>disequilibrium among other vestibulocochlear symptoms.(From:<br>Semin Neurol. 2020 Jan 27; 48: 58-65.)",""],["Auditory Perceptual Disorders",1419,0.1,"D001308","C09.218.807.186.094",0,"Description: Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of<br>AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced ability to<br>perceive information contained in auditory stimuli despite intact<br>auditory pathways. Affected individuals have difficulty with<br>speech perception, sound localization, and comprehending the<br>meaning of inflections of speech.",""],["Deafness",24465,1.2,"D003638","C09.218.458.341.186",3,"Description: A general term for the complete loss of the ability<br>to hear from both ears.",""],["Hearing Loss, Sudden",2674,0.1,"D003639","C09.218.458.341.900",0,"Description: Sensorineural hearing loss which develops suddenly<br>over a period of hours or a few days. It varies in severity from<br>mild to total deafness. Sudden deafness can be due to head<br>trauma, vascular diseases, infections, or can appear without<br>obvious cause or warning.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal",11632,0.6,"D006255","C09.603.799.315.750",0,"Description: Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every<br>year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with<br>lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition<br>triggered by specific ALLERGENS.",""],["Hearing Loss, Bilateral",1671,0.1,"D006312","C09.218.458.341.374",0,"Description: Partial hearing loss in both ears.",""],["Hearing Loss, Sensorineural",25265,1.2,"D006319","C09.218.458.341.887",4,"Description: Hearing loss resulting from damage to the COCHLEA<br>and the sensorineural elements which lie internally beyond the<br>oval and round windows. These elements include the AUDITORY NERVE<br>and its connections in the BRAINSTEM.",""],["Hearing Loss, Central",636,0.0,"D006313","C09.218.807.186.432",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to disease of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS<br>(in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) which originate in the COCHLEAR<br>NUCLEI of the PONS and then ascend bilaterally to the MIDBRAIN,<br>the THALAMUS, and then the AUDITORY CORTEX in the TEMPORAL LOBE.<br>Bilateral lesions of the auditory pathways are usually required<br>to cause central hearing loss. Cortical deafness refers to loss<br>of hearing due to bilateral auditory cortex lesions. Unilateral<br>BRAIN STEM lesions involving the cochlear nuclei may result in<br>unilateral hearing loss.",""],["Hearing Loss, Conductive",2570,0.1,"D006314","C09.218.458.341.562",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to interference with the mechanical<br>reception or amplification of sound to the COCHLEA. The<br>interference is in the outer or middle ear involving the EAR<br>CANAL; TYMPANIC MEMBRANE; or EAR OSSICLES.",""],["Hearing Loss, Functional",190,0.0,"D006315","C09.218.458.341.750",0,"Description: Hearing loss without a physical basis. Often<br>observed in patients with psychological or behavioral disorders.",""],["Hearing Loss, High-Frequency",650,0.0,"D006316","C09.218.458.341.812",0,"Description: Hearing loss in frequencies above 1000 hertz.",""],["Mastoiditis",1964,0.1,"D008417","C09.218.705.663.652",0,"Description: Inflammation of the honeycomb-like MASTOID BONE in<br>the skull just behind the ear. It is usually a complication of<br>OTITIS MEDIA.",""],["Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms",1808,0.1,"D008444","C09.603.669.693.575",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. They<br>represent the majority of paranasal neoplasms.",""],["Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms",1808,0.1,"D008444","C09.603.692.503.503",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. They<br>represent the majority of paranasal neoplasms.",""],["Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms",1808,0.1,"D008444","C09.647.685.693.575",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. They<br>represent the majority of paranasal neoplasms.",""],["Meniere Disease",6207,0.3,"D008575","C09.218.568.217.500",0,"Description: A disease of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is<br>characterized by fluctuating SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS;<br>TINNITUS; episodic VERTIGO; and aural fullness. It is the most<br>common form of endolymphatic hydrops.",""],["Neuroma, Acoustic",8519,0.4,"D009464","C09.218.807.800.675",1,"Description: A benign SCHWANNOMA of the eighth cranial nerve<br>(VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE), mostly arising from the vestibular<br>branch (VESTIBULAR NERVE) during the fifth or sixth decade of<br>life. Clinical manifestations include HEARING LOSS; HEADACHE;<br>VERTIGO; TINNITUS; and FACIAL PAIN. Bilateral acoustic neuromas<br>are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p673)",""],["Otitis Media with Effusion",5344,0.3,"D010034","C09.218.705.663.670",0,"Description: Inflammation of the middle ear with a clear pale<br>yellow-colored transudate.",""],["Otitis Media, Suppurative",2104,0.1,"D010035","C09.218.705.663.680",0,"Description: Inflammation of the middle ear with purulent<br>discharge.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial",6836,0.3,"D012221","C09.603.799.315.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose<br>similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist<br>throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens,<br>particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.",""],["Tonsillar Neoplasms",2323,0.1,"D014067","C09.647.710.685.800",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PALATINE TONSIL.",""],["Tonsillar Neoplasms",2323,0.1,"D014067","C09.775.549.685.800",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PALATINE TONSIL.",""],["Vertigo",8205,0.4,"D014717","C09.218.568.900.883",1,"Description: An illusion of movement, either of the external<br>world revolving around the individual or of the individual<br>revolving in space. Vertigo may be associated with disorders of<br>the inner ear (EAR, INNER); VESTIBULAR NERVE; BRAINSTEM; or<br>CEREBRAL CORTEX. Lesions in the TEMPORAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE<br>may be associated with FOCAL SEIZURES that may feature vertigo as<br>an ictal manifestation. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp300-1)",""],["Ethmoid Sinusitis",444,0.0,"D015521","C09.603.692.752.267",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the ETHMOID<br>SINUS. It may present itself as an acute (infectious) or chronic<br>(allergic) condition.",""],["Frontal Sinusitis",720,0.0,"D015522","C09.603.692.752.387",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the FRONTAL<br>SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the<br>bacteria STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE or HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE.",""],["Maxillary Sinusitis",1890,0.1,"D015523","C09.603.692.752.578",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the MAXILLARY<br>SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the<br>bacteria HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; or<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.",""],["Sphenoid Sinusitis",440,0.0,"D015524","C09.603.692.752.827",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the SPHENOID<br>SINUS. Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is uncommon. It usually occurs<br>in conjunction with other paranasal sinusitis.",""],["Vestibular Neuronitis",682,0.0,"D020338","C09.218.807.800.837",0,"Description: Idiopathic inflammation of the VESTIBULAR NERVE,<br>characterized clinically by the acute or subacute onset of<br>VERTIGO; NAUSEA; and imbalance. The COCHLEAR NERVE is typically<br>spared and HEARING LOSS and TINNITUS do not usually occur.<br>Symptoms usually resolve over a period of days to weeks. (Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p304)",""],["Hearing Loss, Unilateral",921,0.0,"D046088","C09.218.458.341.950",0,"Description: Partial or complete hearing loss in one ear.",""],["Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural",336,0.0,"D046089","C09.218.458.341.849",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to damage or impairment of both the<br>conductive elements (HEARING LOSS, CONDUCTIVE) and the<br>sensorineural elements (HEARING LOSS, SENSORINEURAL) of the ear.",""],["Petrositis",104,0.0,"D059270","C09.218.705.663.841",0,"Description: Inflammation of PETROUS BONE.",""],["Vestibulocochlear Nerve Injuries",32,0.0,"D061285","C09.218.807.800.918",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE.",""],["Tonsillitis",6549,0.3,"D014069","C09.775.649.750",1,"Description: Inflammation of the tonsils, especially the PALATINE<br>TONSILS but the ADENOIDS (pharyngeal tonsils) and lingual tonsils<br>may also be involved. Tonsillitis usually is caused by bacterial<br>infection. Tonsillitis may be acute, chronic, or recurrent.",""],["Vestibular Diseases",12877,0.6,"D015837","C09.218.568.900",4,"Description: Pathological processes of the VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH<br>which contains part of the balancing apparatus. Patients with<br>vestibular diseases show instability and are at risk of frequent<br>falls.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms",19917,0.9,"D009303","C09.647.710.650",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms",19917,0.9,"D009303","C09.775.350.650",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms",19917,0.9,"D009303","C09.775.549.650",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.",""],["Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases",10008,0.5,"D000160","C09.218.807.800",4,"Description: Pathological processes of the VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR<br>NERVE, including the branches of COCHLEAR NERVE and VESTIBULAR<br>NERVE. Common examples are VESTIBULAR NEURITIS, cochlear<br>neuritis, and ACOUSTIC NEUROMA. Clinical signs are varying degree<br>of HEARING LOSS; VERTIGO; and TINNITUS.",""],["Aphonia",236,0.0,"D001044","C09.400.940.160",0,"Description: Complete loss of phonation due to organic disease of<br>the larynx or to nonorganic (i.e., psychogenic) causes.",""],["Auditory Diseases, Central",2384,0.1,"D001304","C09.218.807.186",2,"Description: Disorders of hearing or auditory perception due to<br>pathological processes of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS in the CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. These include CENTRAL HEARING LOSS and AUDITORY<br>PERCEPTUAL DISORDERS.",""],["Croup",1090,0.1,"D003440","C09.400.535.365",0,"Description: Inflammation involving the GLOTTIS or VOCAL CORDS<br>and the subglottic larynx. Croup is characterized by a barking<br>cough, HOARSENESS, and persistent inspiratory STRIDOR (a high-<br>pitched breathing sound). It occurs chiefly in infants and<br>children.",""],["Hearing Loss",75557,3.6,"D034381","C09.218.458.341",16,"Description: A general term for the complete or partial loss of<br>the ability to hear from one or both ears.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic",22622,1.1,"D065631","C09.603.799.315",2,"Description: An inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA triggered by<br>ALLERGENS.",""],["Hoarseness",1101,0.1,"D006685","C09.400.940.490",0,"Description: An unnaturally deep or rough quality of voice.",""],["Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms",3133,0.1,"D007012","C09.647.710.485",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the HYPOPHARYNX.",""],["Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms",3133,0.1,"D007012","C09.775.549.485",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the HYPOPHARYNX.",""],["Labyrinthitis",481,0.0,"D007762","C09.218.568.558",0,"Description: Inflammation of the inner ear (LABYRINTH).",""],["Labyrinthitis",481,0.0,"D007762","C09.218.705.371",0,"Description: Inflammation of the inner ear (LABYRINTH).",""],["Laryngismus",640,0.0,"D007826","C09.400.895.500",0,"Description: A disorder in which the adductor muscles of the<br>VOCAL CORDS exhibit increased activity leading to laryngeal<br>spasm. Laryngismus causes closure of the VOCAL FOLDS and airflow<br>obstruction during inspiration.",""],["Otitis Media",24445,1.2,"D010033","C09.218.705.663",4,"Description: Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the<br>AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE.",""],["Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms",9436,0.4,"D010255","C09.603.669.693",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms",9436,0.4,"D010255","C09.603.692.503",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms",9436,0.4,"D010255","C09.647.685.693",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Endolymphatic Hydrops",6911,0.3,"D018159","C09.218.568.217",1,"Description: An accumulation of ENDOLYMPH in the inner ear<br>(LABYRINTH) leading to buildup of pressure and distortion of<br>intralabyrinthine structures, such as COCHLEA and SEMICIRCULAR<br>CANALS. It is characterized by SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS;<br>TINNITUS; and sometimes VERTIGO.",""],["Nasopharyngitis",257,0.0,"D009304","C09.775.350.700",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASOPHARYNX, usually including<br>its mucosa, related lymphoid structure, and glands.",""],["Nasopharyngitis",257,0.0,"D009304","C09.775.649.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the NASOPHARYNX, usually including<br>its mucosa, related lymphoid structure, and glands.",""],["Oropharyngeal Neoplasms",9206,0.4,"D009959","C09.647.710.685",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OROPHARYNX.",""],["Oropharyngeal Neoplasms",9206,0.4,"D009959","C09.775.549.685",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OROPHARYNX.",""],["Otitis Externa",2462,0.1,"D010032","C09.218.705.496",0,"Description: Inflammation of the OUTER EAR including the external<br>EAR CANAL, cartilages of the auricle (EAR CARTILAGE), and the<br>TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.",""],["Hyperacusis",435,0.0,"D012001","C09.218.458.505",0,"Description: An abnormally disproportionate increase in the<br>sensation of loudness in response to auditory stimuli of normal<br>volume. COCHLEAR DISEASES; VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES;<br>FACIAL NERVE DISEASES; STAPES SURGERY; and other disorders may be<br>associated with this condition.",""],["Rhinitis, Atrophic",1182,0.1,"D012222","C09.603.799.649",0,"Description: A chronic inflammation in which the NASAL MUCOSA<br>gradually changes from a functional to a non-functional lining<br>without mucociliary clearance. It is often accompanied by<br>degradation of the bony TURBINATES, and the foul-smelling mucus<br>which forms a greenish crust (ozena).",""],["Rhinitis, Vasomotor",514,0.0,"D012223","C09.603.799.910",0,"Description: A form of non-allergic rhinitis that is<br>characterized by nasal congestion and posterior pharyngeal<br>drainage.",""],["Sinusitis",21135,1.0,"D012852","C09.603.692.752",4,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of<br>the PARANASAL SINUSES.",""],["Tinnitus",7644,0.4,"D014012","C09.218.458.670",0,"Description: A nonspecific symptom of hearing disorder<br>characterized by the sensation of buzzing, ringing, clicking,<br>pulsations, and other noises in the ear. Objective tinnitus<br>refers to noises generated from within the ear or adjacent<br>structures that can be heard by other individuals. The term<br>subjective tinnitus is used when the sound is audible only to the<br>affected individual. Tinnitus may occur as a manifestation of<br>COCHLEAR DISEASES; VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; and other conditions.",""],["Cochlear Diseases",735,0.0,"D015834","C09.218.568.120",0,"Description: Pathological processes of the snail-like structure<br>(COCHLEA) of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) which can involve its<br>nervous tissue, blood vessels, or fluid (ENDOLYMPH).",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.1,"D016518","C09.647.675.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Retropharyngeal Abscess",689,0.0,"D017703","C09.775.649.625",0,"Description: An accumulation of purulent material in the space<br>between the PHARYNX and the CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. This usually<br>results from SUPPURATION of retropharyngeal LYMPH NODES in<br>patients with UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS, perforation of<br>the pharynx, or head and neck injuries.",""],["Dysphonia",1874,0.1,"D055154","C09.400.940.325",0,"Description: Difficulty and/or pain in PHONATION or speaking.",""],["Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries",852,0.0,"D061226","C09.400.424.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE<br>that may result in vocal cord dysfunction.",""],["Pharyngitis",13740,0.6,"D010612","C09.775.649",4,"Description: Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).",""],["Labyrinth Diseases",24440,1.2,"D007759","C09.218.568",9,"Description: Pathological processes of the inner ear (LABYRINTH)<br>which contains the essential apparatus of hearing (COCHLEA) and<br>balance (SEMICIRCULAR CANALS).",""],["Pharyngeal Neoplasms",38756,1.8,"D010610","C09.647.710",5,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PHARYNX.",""],["Nasopharyngeal Diseases",21263,1.0,"D009302","C09.775.350",3,"Description: Pathological processes involving the NASOPHARYNX.",""],["Pharyngeal Neoplasms",38756,1.8,"D010610","C09.775.549",5,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PHARYNX.",""],["Ototoxicity",201,0.0,"D000081015","C09.218.788",0,"Description: Damage to the EAR or its function secondary to<br>exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Retrocochlear Diseases",12442,0.6,"D012181","C09.218.807",8,"Description: Pathological processes involving the<br>VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE; BRAINSTEM; or CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.<br>When hearing loss is due to retrocochlear pathology, it is called<br>retrocochlear hearing loss.",""],["Voice Disorders",8756,0.4,"D014832","C09.400.940",3,"Description: Pathological processes that affect voice production,<br>usually involving VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA. Voice<br>disorders can be caused by organic (anatomical), or functional<br>(emotional or psychological) factors leading to DYSPHONIA;<br>APHONIA; and defects in VOICE QUALITY, loudness, and pitch.",""],["Choanal Atresia",761,0.0,"D002754","C09.603.171",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality that is characterized by a<br>blocked CHOANAE, the opening between the nose and the<br>NASOPHARYNX. Blockage can be unilateral or bilateral; bony or<br>membranous.",""],["Laryngitis",3645,0.2,"D007827","C09.400.535",1,"Description: Inflammation of the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA, including the<br>VOCAL CORDS. Laryngitis is characterized by irritation, edema,<br>and reduced pliability of the mucosa leading to VOICE DISORDERS<br>such as APHONIA and HOARSENESS.",""],["Hearing Disorders",94497,4.5,"D006311","C09.218.458",19,"Description: Conditions that impair the transmission of auditory<br>impulses and information from the level of the ear to the<br>temporal cortices, including the sensorineural pathways.",""],["Deglutition Disorders",16593,0.8,"D003680","C09.775.174",0,"Description: Difficulty in SWALLOWING which may result from<br>neuromuscular disorder or mechanical obstruction. Dysphagia is<br>classified into two distinct types: oropharyngeal dysphagia due<br>to malfunction of the PHARYNX and UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; and<br>esophageal dysphagia due to malfunction of the ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Ear Deformities, Acquired",849,0.0,"D004426","C09.218.271",0,"Description: Distortion or disfigurement of the ear caused by<br>disease or injury after birth.",""],["Ear Neoplasms",4968,0.2,"D004428","C09.218.334",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of any part of the hearing and<br>equilibrium system of the body (the EXTERNAL EAR, the MIDDLE EAR,<br>and the INNER EAR).",""],["Ear Neoplasms",4968,0.2,"D004428","C09.647.312",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of any part of the hearing and<br>equilibrium system of the body (the EXTERNAL EAR, the MIDDLE EAR,<br>and the INNER EAR).",""],["Earache",459,0.0,"D004433","C09.218.350",0,"Description: Pain in the ear.",""],["Epistaxis",3765,0.2,"D004844","C09.603.261",0,"Description: Bleeding from the nose.",""],["Granuloma, Laryngeal",214,0.0,"D006102","C09.400.232",0,"Description: A tumor-like nodule or mass of inflammatory<br>granulation tissue projecting into the lumen of the LARYNX.",""],["Granuloma, Lethal Midline",498,0.0,"D006103","C09.603.393",0,"Description: A condition that is characterized by inflammation,<br>ulceration, and perforation of the nose and the PALATE with<br>progressive destruction of midline facial structures. This<br>syndrome can be manifested in several diseases including the<br>nasal type of EXTRANODAL NK-T-CELL LYMPHOMA and GRANULOMATOSIS<br>WITH POLYANGIITIS.",""],["Rhinitis",36750,1.7,"D012220","C09.603.799",5,"Description: Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous<br>membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.1,"D007619","C09.150.531",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Otitis",28726,1.4,"D010031","C09.218.705",7,"Description: Inflammation of the ear, which may be marked by pain<br>(EARACHE), fever, HEARING DISORDERS, and VERTIGO. Inflammation of<br>the external ear is OTITIS EXTERNA; of the middle ear, OTITIS<br>MEDIA; of the inner ear, LABYRINTHITIS.",""],["Laryngeal Edema",634,0.0,"D007819","C09.400.313",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissues of any<br>part of the LARYNX, commonly associated with laryngeal injuries<br>and allergic reactions.",""],["Laryngeal Neoplasms",26130,1.2,"D007822","C09.400.369",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts:<br>the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES;<br>and VOCAL CORDS.",""],["Laryngeal Neoplasms",26130,1.2,"D007822","C09.647.481",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts:<br>the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES;<br>and VOCAL CORDS.",""],["Vocal Cord Dysfunction",906,0.0,"D064706","C09.400.895",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by an intermittent abnormal<br>VOCAL CORDS movement toward the midline during inspiration or<br>expiration resulting in upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION.",""],["Laryngostenosis",2767,0.1,"D007829","C09.400.591",0,"Description: Developmental or acquired stricture or narrowing of<br>the LARYNX. Symptoms of respiratory difficulty depend on the<br>degree of laryngeal narrowing.",""],["Nose Neoplasms",19494,0.9,"D009669","C09.603.669",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.",""],["Paranasal Sinus Diseases",35419,1.7,"D010254","C09.603.692",7,"Description: Diseases affecting or involving the PARANASAL<br>SINUSES and generally manifesting as inflammation, abscesses,<br>cysts, or tumors.",""],["Nose Neoplasms",19494,0.9,"D009669","C09.647.685",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.",""],["Nasal Polyps",6272,0.3,"D009298","C09.603.557",0,"Description: Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL<br>MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal<br>connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION,<br>degenerative lesions, or malformations.",""],["Neuroma, Acoustic",8519,0.4,"D009464","C09.647.675",1,"Description: A benign SCHWANNOMA of the eighth cranial nerve<br>(VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE), mostly arising from the vestibular<br>branch (VESTIBULAR NERVE) during the fifth or sixth decade of<br>life. Clinical manifestations include HEARING LOSS; HEADACHE;<br>VERTIGO; TINNITUS; and FACIAL PAIN. Bilateral acoustic neuromas<br>are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p673)",""],["Nose Deformities, Acquired",2457,0.1,"D009667","C09.603.619",0,"Description: Abnormalities of the nose acquired after birth from<br>injury or disease.",""],["Otosclerosis",4730,0.2,"D010040","C09.218.768",0,"Description: Formation of spongy bone in the labyrinth capsule<br>which can progress toward the STAPES (stapedial fixation) or<br>anteriorly toward the COCHLEA leading to conductive,<br>sensorineural, or mixed HEARING LOSS. Several genes are<br>associated with familial otosclerosis with varied clinical signs.",""],["Rhinoscleroma",812,0.0,"D012226","C09.603.850",0,"Description: A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA<br>RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not<br>limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of<br>the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and<br>the skin.",""],["Tuberculosis, Laryngeal",694,0.0,"D014387","C09.400.860",0,"Description: Tuberculosis involving the larynx, producing<br>ulceration of the VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA.",""],["Velopharyngeal Insufficiency",1631,0.1,"D014681","C09.775.955",0,"Description: Failure of the SOFT PALATE to reach the posterior<br>pharyngeal wall to close the opening between the oral and nasal<br>cavities. Incomplete velopharyngeal closure is primarily related<br>to surgeries (ADENOIDECTOMY; CLEFT PALATE) or an incompetent<br>PALATOPHARYNGEAL SPHINCTER. It is characterized by hypernasal<br>speech.",""],["Vocal Cord Paralysis",5719,0.3,"D014826","C09.400.931",0,"Description: Congenital or acquired paralysis of one or both<br>VOCAL CORDS. This condition is caused by defects in the CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM, the VAGUS NERVE and branches of LARYNGEAL NERVES.<br>Common symptoms are VOICE DISORDERS including HOARSENESS or<br>APHONIA.",""],["Nasal Obstruction",3809,0.2,"D015508","C09.603.525",0,"Description: Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of<br>the nose. The obstruction may be unilateral or bilateral, and may<br>involve any part of the NASAL CAVITY.",""],["Herpes Zoster Oticus",524,0.0,"D016697","C09.218.513",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by facial palsy in<br>association with a herpetic eruption of the external auditory<br>meatus. This may occasionally be associated with tinnitus,<br>vertigo, deafness, severe otalgia, and inflammation of the pinna.<br>The condition is caused by reactivation of a latent HERPESVIRUS<br>3, HUMAN infection which causes inflammation of the facial and<br>vestibular nerves, and may occasionally involve additional<br>cranial nerves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p757)",""],["Tympanic Membrane Perforation",1527,0.1,"D018058","C09.218.903",0,"Description: A temporary or persistent opening in the eardrum<br>(TYMPANIC MEMBRANE). Clinical signs depend on the size, location,<br>and associated pathological condition.",""],["Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear",2532,0.1,"D018424","C09.218.200",0,"Description: A mass of KERATIN-producing squamous EPITHELIUM that<br>resembles an inverted (suck-in) bag of skin in the MIDDLE EAR. It<br>arises from the eardrum (TYMPANIC MEMBRANE) and grows into the<br>MIDDLE EAR causing erosion of EAR OSSICLES and MASTOID that<br>contains the INNER EAR.",""],["Laryngomalacia",329,0.0,"D055092","C09.400.563",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the LARYNX. This results in a<br>floppy laryngeal wall making patency difficult to maintain.",""],["Susac Syndrome",301,0.0,"D055955","C09.218.855",0,"Description: A rare disorder consisting of microangiopathy of<br>brain, retina, and inner ear ARTERIOLES. It is characterized by<br>the clinical triad of encephalopathy, BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY<br>OCCLUSION and VERTIGO/hearing loss.",""],["Lemierre Syndrome",442,0.0,"D057831","C09.775.262",0,"Description: A superinfection of the damaged oropharyngeal mucosa<br>by FUSOBACTERIUM NECROPHORUM leading to the secondary septic<br>THROMBOPHLEBITIS of the internal jugular vein.",""],["Otomycosis",126,0.0,"D059249","C09.218.736",0,"Description: Fungus infection of the external ear, usually by<br>ASPERGILLUS species",""],["Supraglottitis",58,0.0,"D059525","C09.400.840",0,"Description: Inflammation of the EPIGLOTTIS and supraglottic<br>structures including the PHARYNX; UVULA; base of tongue; and<br>aryepiglottic folds. It is usually caused by HAEMOPHILUS<br>INFLUENZAE in children but often by different organisms in<br>adults.",""],["Laryngocele",163,0.0,"D059608","C09.400.549",0,"Description: Congenital anomalous dilitation of the laryngeal<br>saccule that may extend internally into the airway or externally<br>through the thyrohyoid membrane.",""],["Laryngeal Nerve Injuries",1126,0.1,"D061224","C09.400.424",1,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the LARYNGEAL NERVE.",""],["Nasal Septal Perforation",241,0.0,"D061270","C09.603.588",0,"Description: An opening or hole in the NASAL SEPTUM that is<br>caused by TRAUMA, injury, drug use, or pathological process.",""],["Myringosclerosis",102,0.0,"D063371","C09.218.636",0,"Description: The formation of dense connective tissue in the<br>TYMPANIC MEMBRANE that does not necessarily cause or lead to loss<br>of hearing.",""],["Congenital Microtia",436,0.0,"D065817","C09.218.235",0,"Description: Malformation of external portion of EAR AURICLE.",""],["Pharyngeal Diseases",97175,4.6,"D010608","C09.775",18,"Description: Pathological processes involving the PHARYNX.",""],["Ear Diseases",184030,8.7,"D004427","C09.218",59,"Description: Pathological processes of the ear, the hearing, and<br>the equilibrium system of the body.",""],["Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms",99497,4.7,"D010039","C09.647",13,"Description: A general concept for tumors or cancer of any part<br>of the EAR; the NOSE; the THROAT; and the PHARYNX. It is used<br>when there is no specific heading.",""],["Laryngeal Diseases",58124,2.7,"D007818","C09.400",19,"Description: Pathological processes involving any part of the<br>LARYNX which coordinates many functions such as voice production,<br>breathing, swallowing, and coughing.",""],["Nose Diseases",115581,5.5,"D009668","C09.603",25,"Description: Disorders of the nose, general or unspecified.",""],["Ciliary Motility Disorders",2534,0.1,"D002925","C09.150",1,"Description: Conditions caused by abnormal CILIA movement in the<br>body, usually causing KARTAGENER SYNDROME, chronic respiratory<br>disorders, chronic SINUSITIS, and chronic OTITIS. Abnormal<br>ciliary beating is likely due to defects in any of the 200 plus<br>ciliary proteins, such as missing motor enzyme DYNEIN arms.",""],["Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases",562483,26.6,"D010038","C09",141,"Description: Pathological processes of the ear, the nose, and the<br>throat, also known as the ENT diseases.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Disease",416,0.0,"D012497","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.300.300.249",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons<br>and other tissues. It is caused by mutation in the common beta<br>subunit of HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B. Thus this<br>disease is also known as the O variant since both hexosaminidase<br>A and B are missing. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from<br>TAY-SACHS DISEASE.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease",1043,0.0,"D013661","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.300.300.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by the onset in infancy of an exaggerated startle<br>response, followed by paralysis, dementia, and blindness. It is<br>caused by mutation in the alpha subunit of the HEXOSAMINIDASE A<br>resulting in lipid-laden ganglion cells. It is also known as the<br>B variant (with increased HEXOSAMINIDASE B but absence of<br>hexosaminidase A) and is strongly associated with Ashkenazic<br>Jewish ancestry.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant",2,0.0,"D049290","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.300.300.750",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins<br>with muscle weakness, then progresses to startle reaction,<br>retardation and seizures. It is characterized by the accumulation<br>of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons that is caused by a lack of G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN function. The AB variant designation refers to<br>the increase of both HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B in<br>tissues that lack of G(M2) activator protein.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.850.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Gangliosidoses, GM2",1584,0.0,"D020143","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.300.300",3,"Description: A group of recessively inherited diseases<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2)<br>GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of<br>enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of<br>GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS.",""],["Gangliosidosis, GM1",380,0.0,"D016537","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.300.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE<br>and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous<br>system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA,<br>poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and<br>facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS;<br>SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features<br>progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7)",""],["Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease",45,0.0,"D052517","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.850.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the<br>intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containing lipids<br>(sulfatides) and MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Excess levels of both<br>substrates are present in urine. This is a disorder of multiple<br>sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused<br>by the mutation of sulfatase-modifying factor-1. Neurological<br>deterioration is rapid.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A",100,0.0,"D052536","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.700.500",0,"Description: The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease,<br>caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE. It is<br>characterized by accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS in the cells of<br>the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM and other cell throughout the<br>body leading to cell death. Clinical signs include JAUNDICE,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, and severe brain damage.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B",106,0.0,"D052537","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.700.750",0,"Description: An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE,<br>a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN<br>PHOSPHODIESTERASE but clinical signs involve only visceral organs<br>(non-neuropathic type).",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C",987,0.0,"D052556","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.700.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that<br>is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by<br>mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates<br>intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical<br>signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological<br>symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia<br>ancestry.",""],["Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia",110,0.0,"D057178","C10.597.606.150.500.800.100.155.600",0,"Description: A form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and a<br>progressive form of dementia characterized by motor speech<br>impairment and AGRAMMATISM, with relative sparing of single word<br>comprehension and semantic memory.",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.0,"D000795","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.200",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Aphasia, Broca",1217,0.0,"D001039","C10.597.606.150.500.800.100.100",0,"Description: An aphasia characterized by impairment of expressive<br>LANGUAGE (speech, writing, signs) and relative preservation of<br>receptive language abilities (i.e., comprehension). This<br>condition is caused by lesions of the motor association cortex in<br>the FRONTAL LOBE (BROCA AREA and adjacent cortical and white<br>matter regions).",""],["Aphasia, Wernicke",540,0.0,"D001041","C10.597.606.150.500.800.100.166",0,"Description: Impairment in the comprehension of speech and<br>meaning of words, both spoken and written, and of the meanings<br>conveyed by their grammatical relationships in sentences. It is<br>caused by lesions that primarily affect Wernicke's area, which<br>lies in the posterior perisylvian region of the temporal lobe of<br>the dominant hemisphere. (From Brain & Bannister, Clinical<br>Neurology, 7th ed, p141; Kandel et al., Principles of Neural<br>Science, 3d ed, p846)",""],["Dysarthria",1764,0.0,"D004401","C10.597.606.150.500.800.150.200",0,"Description: Disorders of speech articulation caused by imperfect<br>coordination of pharynx, larynx, tongue, or face muscles. This<br>may result from CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES;<br>CEREBELLAR DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; BRAIN STEM diseases;<br>or diseases of the corticobulbar tracts (see PYRAMIDAL TRACTS).<br>The cortical language centers are intact in this condition. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p489)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C10.228.140.430.520.750.300.200",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C10.228.140.430.520.750.300.400",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C10.228.140.430.520.750.300.550",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C10.228.140.430.520.750.300.775",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C10.228.140.430.520.750.450.600",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Gangliosidoses",2351,0.0,"D005733","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.300",5,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage<br>disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are<br>caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for<br>normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses<br>are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the<br>defective degradation pathway.",""],["Gaucher Disease",4761,0.0,"D005776","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading<br>to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in<br>cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic<br>Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace<br>normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal<br>deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There<br>are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of<br>neurological involvement.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.590",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Sulfatidosis",1173,0.0,"D052516","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.850",2,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-<br>containing lipids (SULFATIDES), including SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS<br>normally found in the MYELIN SHEATH of the brain. These disorders<br>are caused by defective degradative enzymes leading to substrate<br>accumulation (or storage).",""],["Nelson Syndrome",259,0.0,"D009347","C10.228.140.617.738.675.149.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by HYPERPIGMENTATION,<br>enlarging pituitary mass, visual defects secondary to compression<br>of the OPTIC CHIASM, and elevated serum ACTH. It is caused by the<br>expansion of an underlying ACTH-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA that<br>grows in the absence of feedback inhibition by adrenal<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS, usually after ADRENALECTOMY.",""],["Niemann-Pick Diseases",2604,0.0,"D009542","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.700",3,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which<br>harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the<br>central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of<br>enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in<br>intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of<br>SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based<br>on their clinical and genetic differences.",""],["Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome",70,0.0,"D012618","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.775",0,"Description: A congenital disease caused by an inborn error<br>involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID METABOLISM<br>and the accumulation of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, particularly<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in the HISTIOCYTES. This disorder is characterized<br>by SPLENOMEGALY and the sea-blue histiocytes in the spleen and<br>bone marrow after May Grunwald staining.",""],["Lateral Medullary Syndrome",607,0.0,"D014854","C10.228.140.300.150.477.100.500",0,"Description: INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA<br>OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlusion of the<br>VERTEBRAL ARTERY and/or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.<br>Clinical manifestations vary with the size of infarction, but may<br>include loss of pain and temperature sensation in the ipsilateral<br>face and contralateral body below the chin; ipsilateral HORNER<br>SYNDROME; ipsilateral ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; VERTIGO; nausea,<br>hiccup; dysphagia; and VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p801)",""],["Lateral Medullary Syndrome",607,0.0,"D014854","C10.228.140.300.775.200.100.500",0,"Description: INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA<br>OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlusion of the<br>VERTEBRAL ARTERY and/or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.<br>Clinical manifestations vary with the size of infarction, but may<br>include loss of pain and temperature sensation in the ipsilateral<br>face and contralateral body below the chin; ipsilateral HORNER<br>SYNDROME; ipsilateral ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; VERTIGO; nausea,<br>hiccup; dysphagia; and VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p801)",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C10.228.140.430.520.750.300.887",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C10.597.751.418.341.186.500.750",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Dementia, Multi-Infarct",789,0.0,"D015161","C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.199",0,"Description: Loss of higher cortical functions with retained<br>awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Memory, judgment, attention span, and impulse control<br>are often impaired, and may be accompanied by PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY;<br>HEMIPARESIS; reflex abnormalities, and other signs of localized<br>neurologic dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1060)",""],["Dementia, Multi-Infarct",789,0.0,"D015161","C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.199",0,"Description: Loss of higher cortical functions with retained<br>awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Memory, judgment, attention span, and impulse control<br>are often impaired, and may be accompanied by PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY;<br>HEMIPARESIS; reflex abnormalities, and other signs of localized<br>neurologic dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1060)",""],["MERRF Syndrome",296,0.0,"D017243","C10.228.140.490.375.130.650.700",0,"Description: A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized<br>clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, progressive<br>ataxia, spasticity, and a mild myopathy. Dysarthria, optic<br>atrophy, growth retardation, deafness, and dementia may also<br>occur. This condition tends to present in childhood and to be<br>transmitted via maternal lineage. Muscle biopsies reveal ragged-<br>red fibers and respiratory chain enzymatic defects. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p986)",""],["MERRF Syndrome",296,0.0,"D017243","C10.228.140.490.493.063.650.700",0,"Description: A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized<br>clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, progressive<br>ataxia, spasticity, and a mild myopathy. Dysarthria, optic<br>atrophy, growth retardation, deafness, and dementia may also<br>occur. This condition tends to present in childhood and to be<br>transmitted via maternal lineage. Muscle biopsies reveal ragged-<br>red fibers and respiratory chain enzymatic defects. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p986)",""],["Aphasia, Conduction",68,0.0,"D018886","C10.597.606.150.500.800.100.111",0,"Description: A type of fluent aphasia characterized by an<br>impaired ability to repeat one and two word phrases, despite<br>retained comprehension. This condition is associated with<br>dominant hemisphere lesions involving the arcuate fasciculus (a<br>white matter projection between Broca's and Wernicke's areas) and<br>adjacent structures. Like patients with Wernicke aphasia<br>(APHASIA, WERNICKE), patients with conduction aphasia are fluent<br>but commit paraphasic errors during attempts at written and oral<br>forms of communication. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p482; Brain & Bannister, Clinical Neurology,<br>7th ed, p142; Kandel et al., Principles of Neural Science, 3d ed,<br>p848)",""],["Aphasia, Primary Progressive",1190,0.0,"D018888","C10.597.606.150.500.800.100.155",1,"Description: A progressive form of dementia characterized by the<br>global loss of language abilities and initial preservation of<br>other cognitive functions. Fluent and nonfluent subtypes have<br>been described. Eventually a pattern of global cognitive<br>dysfunction, similar to ALZHEIMER DISEASE, emerges.<br>Pathologically, there are no Alzheimer or PICK DISEASE like<br>changes, however, spongiform changes of cortical layers II and<br>III are present in the TEMPORAL LOBE and FRONTAL LOBE. (From<br>Brain 1998 Jan;121(Pt 1):115-26)",""],["Putaminal Hemorrhage",146,0.0,"D020146","C10.228.140.300.535.200.150.500",0,"Description: Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL<br>GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSION and<br>lipohyalinosis of small blood vessels in the putamen. Clinical<br>manifestations vary with the size of hemorrhage, but include<br>HEMIPARESIS; HEADACHE; and alterations of consciousness.",""],["Lafora Disease",379,0.0,"D020192","C10.228.140.490.375.130.650.500",0,"Description: A form of stimulus sensitive MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY<br>inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. The most common<br>presenting feature is a single seizure in the second decade of<br>life. This is followed by progressive myoclonus, myoclonic<br>seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, focal occipital seizures,<br>intellectual decline, and severe motor and coordination<br>impairments. Most affected individuals do not live past the age<br>of 25 years. Concentric amyloid (Lafora) bodies are found in<br>neurons, liver, skin, bone, and muscle (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Childhood Neurology, 5th ed, pp111-110).",""],["Lafora Disease",379,0.0,"D020192","C10.228.140.490.493.063.650.500",0,"Description: A form of stimulus sensitive MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY<br>inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. The most common<br>presenting feature is a single seizure in the second decade of<br>life. This is followed by progressive myoclonus, myoclonic<br>seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, focal occipital seizures,<br>intellectual decline, and severe motor and coordination<br>impairments. Most affected individuals do not live past the age<br>of 25 years. Concentric amyloid (Lafora) bodies are found in<br>neurons, liver, skin, bone, and muscle (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Childhood Neurology, 5th ed, pp111-110).",""],["Unverricht-Lundborg Syndrome",157,0.0,"D020194","C10.228.140.490.375.130.650.900",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive condition characterized by<br>recurrent myoclonic and generalized seizures, ATAXIA, slowly<br>progressive intellectual deterioration, DYSARTHRIA, and intention<br>tremor. Myoclonic seizures are severe and continuous, and tend to<br>be triggered by movement, stress, and sensory stimuli. The age of<br>onset is between 8 and 13 years, and the condition is relatively<br>frequent in the Baltic region, especially Finland. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp109-110)",""],["Unverricht-Lundborg Syndrome",157,0.0,"D020194","C10.228.140.490.493.063.650.900",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive condition characterized by<br>recurrent myoclonic and generalized seizures, ATAXIA, slowly<br>progressive intellectual deterioration, DYSARTHRIA, and intention<br>tremor. Myoclonic seizures are severe and continuous, and tend to<br>be triggered by movement, stress, and sensory stimuli. The age of<br>onset is between 8 and 13 years, and the condition is relatively<br>frequent in the Baltic region, especially Finland. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp109-110)",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Acute",817,0.0,"D020199","C10.228.140.300.535.450.400.050",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>acute onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic",1931,0.0,"D020200","C10.228.140.300.535.450.400.120",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic",267,0.0,"D020202","C10.228.140.300.535.450.200.750",0,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due<br>to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>and the BASAL GANGLIA. Depending on the severity of bleeding,<br>clinical features may include SEIZURES; APHASIA; VISION<br>DISORDERS; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; PARALYSIS; and COMA.",""],["Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic",52,0.0,"D020203","C10.228.140.300.535.450.200.500",0,"Description: Bleeding into structures of BRAIN STEM, including<br>the MIDBRAIN; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA, as the result of<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY is commonly<br>associated. Clinical manifestations may include OCULAR MOTILITY<br>DISORDERS; ATAXIA; PARALYSIS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; and<br>COMA.",""],["Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis",226,0.0,"D020225","C10.228.140.300.525.425.500.750",0,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS or the inferior sagittal sinus.<br>Sagittal sinus thrombosis can result from infections,<br>hematological disorders, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; and NEUROSURGICAL<br>PROCEDURES. Clinical features are primarily related to the<br>increased intracranial pressure causing HEADACHE; NAUSEA; and<br>VOMITING. Severe cases can evolve to SEIZURES or COMA.",""],["Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis",380,0.0,"D020226","C10.228.140.300.525.425.500.375",0,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the CAVERNOUS SINUS of the brain. Infections of the paranasal<br>sinuses and adjacent structures, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, and<br>THROMBOPHILIA are associated conditions. Clinical manifestations<br>include dysfunction of cranial nerves III, IV, V, and VI, marked<br>periorbital swelling, chemosis, fever, and visual loss. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p711)",""],["Lateral Sinus Thrombosis",197,0.0,"D020227","C10.228.140.300.525.425.500.562",0,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the LATERAL SINUSES. This condition is often associated with ear<br>infections (OTITIS MEDIA or MASTOIDITIS) without antibiotic<br>treatment. In developed nations, lateral sinus thrombosis can<br>result from CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; NEUROSURGICAL<br>PROCEDURES; THROMBOPHILIA; and other conditions. Clinical<br>features include HEADACHE; VERTIGO; and increased intracranial<br>pressure.",""],["Alexia, Pure",127,0.0,"D020237","C10.597.606.150.500.300.200.100",0,"Description: Loss of the power to comprehend written materials<br>despite preservation of the ability to write (i.e., alexia<br>without agraphia). This condition is generally attributed to<br>lesions that \"disconnect\" the visual cortex of the non-dominant<br>hemisphere from language centers in the dominant hemisphere. This<br>may occur when a dominant visual cortex injury is combined with<br>underlying white matter lesions that involve crossing fibers from<br>the occipital lobe of the opposite hemisphere. (From Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p483)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C10.228.140.430.520.750.450.800",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C10.228.140.430.520.750.450.200",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery",238,0.0,"D020243","C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.400",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These<br>arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery<br>usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower<br>body.",""],["Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery",238,0.0,"D020243","C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.400",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These<br>arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery<br>usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower<br>body.",""],["Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery",6854,0.0,"D020244","C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.450",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral<br>aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include<br>impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the<br>face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the<br>infarction.",""],["Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery",6854,0.0,"D020244","C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.450",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral<br>aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include<br>impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the<br>face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the<br>infarction.",""],["Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery",268,0.0,"D020762","C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.475",0,"Description: NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR<br>CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of<br>the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE.<br>Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical<br>features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems<br>(AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).",""],["Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery",268,0.0,"D020762","C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.475",0,"Description: NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR<br>CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of<br>the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE.<br>Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical<br>features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems<br>(AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C10.228.140.300.510.200.200.160",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.100",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.100",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial",299,0.0,"D046648","C10.228.140.300.535.450.400.400",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE over the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE.",""],["Usher Syndromes",603,0.0,"D052245","C10.597.751.418.341.186.500.500",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders<br>characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically<br>heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type<br>III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the<br>degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.",""],["Farber Lipogranulomatosis",67,0.0,"D055577","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.250",0,"Description: A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by<br>the histological appearance of granulomatous deposits in tissues.<br>It results from the accumulation of CERAMIDES in various tissues<br>due to an inherited deficiency of ACID CERAMIDASE.",""],["Stroke, Lacunar",633,0.0,"D059409","C10.228.140.300.775.400.750.500",0,"Description: Stroke caused by lacunar infarction or other small<br>vessel diseases of the brain. It features hemiparesis (see<br>PARESIS), hemisensory, or hemisensory motor loss.",""],["Autoimmune Hypophysitis",174,0.0,"D000069281","C10.228.140.617.738.275.500",0,"Description: Immune-mediated inflammation of the PITUITARY GLAND<br>often associated with other autoimmune diseases (e.g., HASHIMOTO<br>DISEASE; GRAVES DISEASE; and ADDISON DISEASE).",""],["Cerebral Intraventricular Hemorrhage",253,0.0,"D000074042","C10.228.140.300.535.200.600",0,"Description: Bleeding within the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES. It is<br>associated with intraventricular trauma, aneurysm, vascular<br>malformations, hypertension and in VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT infants.",""],["Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma",133,0.0,"D000080443","C10.228.140.211.500.100.500",0,"Description: A rare, aggressive brain tumor that forms in the<br>GLIAL CELLS in the PONS.",""],["Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma",133,0.0,"D000080443","C10.551.240.250.400.200.500",0,"Description: A rare, aggressive brain tumor that forms in the<br>GLIAL CELLS in the PONS.",""],["Specific Language Disorder",60,0.0,"D000080888","C10.597.606.150.500.550.500",0,"Description: Language disorder that delays the mastery of oral<br>language skills or in children who have no hearing loss or other<br>developmental delays.",""],["Mandibular Nerve Injuries",20,0.0,"D000080902","C10.292.319.625.700.349.750",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the MANDIBULAR NERVE and its<br>branches. Note that marginal mandibular nerve injury is a type of<br>FACIAL NERVE INJURIES. Injuries to LINGUAL NERVE branch of<br>mandibular nerve is LINGUAL NERVE INJURIES.",""],["X-Linked Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy",3,0.0,"D000083143","C10.668.491.175.500.350.500",0,"Description: Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy associated with<br>mutations on emerin (EMD gene) or four and a half LIM domains 1<br>(FHL1 gene) both located on X chromosome.",""],["Thrombotic Stroke",665,0.0,"D000083244","C10.228.140.300.775.400.750",1,"Description: A type of ischemic stroke resulting from obstruction<br>due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a CEREBRAL ARTERY often<br>associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS. A stroke due to a blood clot in<br>a cerebral vein is a venous infarction (see VENOUS INFARCTION,<br>BRAIN).",""],["Embolic Stroke",234,0.0,"D000083262","C10.228.140.300.775.400.375",0,"Description: An ischemic stroke due to a blood clot, emboli or<br>other types of blockage which forms somewhere other than the<br>brain and subsequently travels near and restricts blood flow to<br>the brain. Most often the origin of the clot is from the heart<br>and is referred to as cardioembolic stroke.",""],["Acromegaly",7652,0.0,"D000172","C10.228.140.617.738.250.100",0,"Description: A condition caused by prolonged exposure to<br>excessive HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE in adults. It is characterized by<br>bony enlargement of the FACE; lower jaw (PROGNATHISM); hands;<br>FEET; HEAD; and THORAX. The most common etiology is a GROWTH<br>HORMONE-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1992, Ch36, pp79-80)",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C10.228.140.163.100.362.250",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Sphingolipidoses",16678,0.1,"D013106","C10.228.140.163.100.435.825",18,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGOLIPIDS<br>primarily in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and to a variable degree<br>in the visceral organs. They are classified by the enzyme defect<br>in the degradation pathway and the substrate accumulation (or<br>storage). Clinical features vary in subtypes but<br>neurodegeneration is a common sign.",""],["Aphasia",11810,0.0,"D001037","C10.597.606.150.500.800.100",5,"Description: A cognitive disorder marked by an impaired ability<br>to comprehend or express language in its written or spoken form.<br>This condition is caused by diseases which affect the language<br>areas of the dominant hemisphere. Clinical features are used to<br>classify the various subtypes of this condition. General<br>categories include receptive, expressive, and mixed forms of<br>aphasia.",""],["Articulation Disorders",3102,0.0,"D001184","C10.597.606.150.500.800.150",1,"Description: Disorders of the quality of speech characterized by<br>the substitution, omission, distortion, and addition of phonemes.",""],["Ataxia Telangiectasia",2573,0.0,"D001260","C10.228.140.252.190.530.060",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder<br>characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood,<br>progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and<br>SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and<br>RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are<br>prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections,<br>lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-<br>FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes<br>a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to<br>chromosome 11 (11q22-q23).",""],["Ataxia Telangiectasia",2573,0.0,"D001260","C10.597.350.090.500.530.060",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder<br>characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood,<br>progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and<br>SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and<br>RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are<br>prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections,<br>lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-<br>FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes<br>a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to<br>chromosome 11 (11q22-q23).",""],["Brain Death",5773,0.0,"D001926","C10.597.606.358.800.200.100",0,"Description: A state of prolonged irreversible cessation of all<br>brain activity, including lower brain stem function with the<br>complete absence of voluntary movements, responses to stimuli,<br>brain stem reflexes, and spontaneous respirations. Reversible<br>conditions which mimic this clinical state (e.g., sedative<br>overdose, hypothermia, etc.) are excluded prior to making the<br>determination of brain death. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp348-9)",""],["Cataplexy",705,0.0,"D002385","C10.886.425.800.200.750.500",0,"Description: A condition characterized by transient weakness or<br>paralysis of somatic musculature triggered by an emotional<br>stimulus or physical exertion. Cataplexy is frequently associated<br>with NARCOLEPSY. During a cataplectic attack, there is a marked<br>reduction in muscle tone similar to the normal physiologic<br>hypotonia that accompanies rapid eye movement sleep (SLEEP, REM).<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p396)",""],["Cerebral Infarction",25367,0.1,"D002544","C10.228.140.300.150.477.200",5,"Description: The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM<br>caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow.<br>Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere<br>(i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction),<br>arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL<br>ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).",""],["Cerebral Infarction",25367,0.1,"D002544","C10.228.140.300.775.200.200",5,"Description: The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM<br>caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow.<br>Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere<br>(i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction),<br>arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL<br>ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).",""],["Cluster Headache",2768,0.0,"D003027","C10.228.140.546.399.937.500",0,"Description: A primary headache disorder that is characterized by<br>severe, strictly unilateral PAIN which is orbital, supraorbital,<br>temporal or in any combination of these sites, lasting 15-180<br>min. occurring 1 to 8 times a day. The attacks are associated<br>with one or more of the following, all of which are ipsilateral:<br>conjunctival injection, lacrimation, nasal congestion,<br>rhinorrhea, facial SWEATING, eyelid EDEMA, and miosis.<br>(International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed.<br>Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)",""],["Dwarfism, Pituitary",1903,0.0,"D004393","C10.228.140.617.738.300.300",0,"Description: A form of dwarfism caused by complete or partial<br>GROWTH HORMONE deficiency, resulting from either the lack of<br>GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR from the HYPOTHALAMUS or from the<br>mutations in the growth hormone gene (GH1) in the PITUITARY<br>GLAND. It is also known as Type I pituitary dwarfism. Human<br>hypophysial dwarf is caused by a deficiency of HUMAN GROWTH<br>HORMONE during development.",""],["Dyslexia, Acquired",804,0.0,"D004411","C10.597.606.150.500.300.200",1,"Description: A receptive visual aphasia characterized by the loss<br>of a previously possessed ability to comprehend the meaning or<br>significance of handwritten words, despite intact vision. This<br>condition may be associated with posterior cerebral artery<br>infarction (INFARCTION, POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY) and other<br>BRAIN DISEASES.",""],["Dyslexia, Acquired",677,0.0,"D004411","C10.597.606.150.550.200.500",0,"Description: A receptive visual aphasia characterized by the loss<br>of a previously possessed ability to comprehend the meaning or<br>significance of handwritten words, despite intact vision. This<br>condition may be associated with posterior cerebral artery<br>infarction (INFARCTION, POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY) and other<br>BRAIN DISEASES.",""],["Echolalia",118,0.0,"D004454","C10.597.606.150.500.800.300",0,"Description: Involuntary (\"parrot-like\"), meaningless repetition<br>of a recently heard word, phrase, or song. This condition may be<br>associated with transcortical APHASIA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; or other<br>disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p485)",""],["Encephalitis, Arbovirus",13566,0.1,"D004671","C10.228.140.430.520.750.300",5,"Description: Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne<br>viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families<br>TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and<br>RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by<br>ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate<br>hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of<br>mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include<br>fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994<br>Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System,<br>10th ed, p321)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C10.228.228.245.340.300.200",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C10.228.228.399.750.300.200",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, California",300,0.0,"D004670","C10.586.250.520.750.300.200",0,"Description: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes<br>of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA)<br>transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The<br>majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This<br>condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and<br>primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal<br>pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal<br>neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26,<br>p13)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C10.228.228.245.340.300.400",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C10.228.228.399.750.300.400",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, Japanese",2979,0.0,"D004672","C10.586.250.520.750.300.400",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese<br>B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring<br>throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections<br>occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to<br>transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of<br>the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to<br>transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a<br>POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet<br>1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C10.228.228.245.340.300.550",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C10.228.228.399.750.300.550",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, St. Louis",451,0.0,"D004674","C10.586.250.520.750.300.550",0,"Description: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis<br>encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS.<br>It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by<br>mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are<br>wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and<br>southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an<br>influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or<br>ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic<br>presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal<br>neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C10.228.228.245.340.300.775",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C10.228.228.399.750.300.775",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalitis, Tick-Borne",3272,0.0,"D004675","C10.586.250.520.750.300.775",0,"Description: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are<br>transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are<br>caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to<br>Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European<br>encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders.<br>Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is<br>caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely<br>encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic<br>to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C10.228.140.430.520.750.450",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",377,0.0,"D004684","C10.228.140.695.562.225.500",0,"Description: A fulminant and often fatal demyelinating disease of<br>the brain which primarily affects young adults and children.<br>Clinical features include the rapid onset of weakness, SEIZURES,<br>and COMA. It may follow a viral illness or MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE<br>infections but in most instances there is no precipitating event.<br>Pathologic examination reveals marked perivascular demyelination<br>and necrosis of white matter with microhemorrhages. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp924-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C10.228.228.245.340.450.600",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C10.228.228.399.750.450.600",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C10.586.250.520.750.450.600",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Fucosidosis",147,0.0,"D005645","C10.228.140.163.100.435.295",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease<br>caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activity resulting<br>in an accumulation of fucose containing SPHINGOLIPIDS;<br>GLYCOPROTEINS, and mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in<br>lysosomes. The infantile form (type I) features psychomotor<br>deterioration, MUSCLE SPASTICITY, coarse facial features, growth<br>retardation, skeletal abnormalities, visceromegaly, SEIZURES,<br>recurrent infections, and MACROGLOSSIA, with death occurring in<br>the first decade of life. Juvenile fucosidosis (type II) is the<br>more common variant and features a slowly progressive decline in<br>neurologic function and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Type II<br>survival may be through the fourth decade of life. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p87; Am J Med Genet 1991<br>Jan;38(1):111-31)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type II",2024,0.0,"D006009","C10.228.140.163.100.435.340",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited glycogen storage<br>disease caused by GLUCAN 1,4-ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE deficiency. Large<br>amounts of GLYCOGEN accumulate in the LYSOSOMES of skeletal<br>muscle (MUSCLE, SKELETAL); HEART; LIVER; SPINAL CORD; and BRAIN.<br>Three forms have been described: infantile, childhood, and adult.<br>The infantile form is fatal in infancy and presents with<br>hypotonia and a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CARDIOMYOPATHY,<br>HYPERTROPHIC). The childhood form usually presents in the second<br>year of life with proximal weakness and respiratory symptoms. The<br>adult form consists of a slowly progressive proximal myopathy.<br>(From Muscle Nerve 1995;3:S61-9; Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp73-4)",""],["Hearing Loss, Central",636,0.0,"D006313","C10.597.751.418.341.887.432",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to disease of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS<br>(in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) which originate in the COCHLEAR<br>NUCLEI of the PONS and then ascend bilaterally to the MIDBRAIN,<br>the THALAMUS, and then the AUDITORY CORTEX in the TEMPORAL LOBE.<br>Bilateral lesions of the auditory pathways are usually required<br>to cause central hearing loss. Cortical deafness refers to loss<br>of hearing due to bilateral auditory cortex lesions. Unilateral<br>BRAIN STEM lesions involving the cochlear nuclei may result in<br>unilateral hearing loss.",""],["Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced",6710,0.0,"D006317","C10.597.751.418.341.887.460",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to exposure to explosive loud noise<br>or chronic exposure to sound level greater than 85 dB. The<br>hearing loss is often in the frequency range 4000-6000 hertz.",""],["Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial",2905,0.0,"D006407","C10.228.140.300.535.450.300",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the EPIDURAL SPACE between<br>the SKULL and the DURA MATER, often as a result of bleeding from<br>the MENINGEAL ARTERIES associated with a temporal or parietal<br>bone fracture. Epidural hematoma tends to expand rapidly,<br>compressing the dura and underlying brain. Clinical features may<br>include HEADACHE; VOMITING; HEMIPARESIS; and impaired mental<br>function.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural",8115,0.0,"D006408","C10.228.140.300.535.450.400",3,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between<br>the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This<br>condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL<br>HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA,<br>SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the<br>acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom<br>onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness,<br>severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.",""],["Hyperprolactinemia",2688,0.0,"D006966","C10.228.140.617.738.250.450",0,"Description: Increased levels of PROLACTIN in the BLOOD, which<br>may be associated with AMENORRHEA and GALACTORRHEA. Relatively<br>common etiologies include PROLACTINOMA, medication effect, KIDNEY<br>FAILURE, granulomatous diseases of the PITUITARY GLAND, and<br>disorders which interfere with the hypothalamic inhibition of<br>prolactin release. Ectopic (non-pituitary) production of<br>prolactin may also occur. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992,<br>Ch36, pp77-8)",""],["Insulin Coma",535,0.0,"D007331","C10.597.606.358.800.200.600",0,"Description: Severe HYPOGLYCEMIA induced by a large dose of<br>exogenous INSULIN resulting in a COMA or profound state of<br>unconsciousness from which the individual cannot be aroused.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C10.228.140.163.100.362.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C10.228.140.163.100.362.550",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C10.228.140.430.520.750.500",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Mandibular Fractures",5897,0.0,"D008337","C10.900.300.284.500.400.255",0,"Description: Fractures of the lower jaw.",""],["Maxillary Fractures",982,0.0,"D008440","C10.900.300.284.500.400.510",0,"Description: Fractures of the upper jaw.",""],["Moyamoya Disease",4195,0.0,"D009072","C10.228.140.300.510.200.737",0,"Description: A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the<br>intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike<br>collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral<br>angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the<br>base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA<br>and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease<br>primarily affects children but can also occur in adults.",""],["Mucolipidoses",1037,0.0,"D009081","C10.228.140.163.100.435.590",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic diseases<br>characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and/or glycolipids in<br>visceral and mesenchymal cells. Abnormal amounts of sphingolipids<br>or glycolipids are present in neural tissue. INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and skeletal changes, most notably dysostosis<br>multiplex, occur frequently. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, pp36-7)",""],["Mutism",948,0.0,"D009155","C10.597.606.150.500.800.500",0,"Description: The inability to generate oral-verbal expression,<br>despite normal comprehension of speech. This may be associated<br>with BRAIN DISEASES or MENTAL DISORDERS. Organic mutism may be<br>associated with damage to the FRONTAL LOBE; BRAIN STEM; THALAMUS;<br>and CEREBELLUM. Selective mutism is a psychological condition<br>that usually affects children characterized by continuous refusal<br>to speak in social situations by a child who is able and willing<br>to speak to selected persons. Kussmal aphasia refers to mutism in<br>psychosis. (From Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 1994; 62(9):337-44)",""],["ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma",751,0.0,"D049913","C10.228.140.617.738.675.149",1,"Description: A pituitary adenoma which secretes<br>ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN, leading to CUSHING DISEASE.",""],["Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic",276,0.0,"D010301","C10.228.140.079.862.800.600",0,"Description: Parkinsonism following encephalitis, historically<br>seen as a sequella of encephalitis lethargica (Von Economo<br>Encephalitis). The early age of onset, the rapid progression of<br>symptoms followed by stabilization, and the presence of a variety<br>of other neurological disorders (e.g., sociopathic behavior;<br>TICS; MUSCLE SPASMS; oculogyric crises; hyperphagia; and bizarre<br>movements) distinguish this condition from primary PARKINSON<br>DISEASE. Pathologic features include neuronal loss and gliosis<br>concentrated in the MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMUS; and HYPOTHALAMUS.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p754)",""],["Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome",705,0.0,"D010845","C10.886.425.800.750.850.500",0,"Description: HYPOVENTILATION syndrome in very obese persons with<br>excessive ADIPOSE TISSUE around the ABDOMEN and DIAPHRAGM. It is<br>characterized by diminished to absent ventilatory<br>chemoresponsiveness; chronic HYPOXIA; HYPERCAPNIA; POLYCYTHEMIA;<br>and long periods of sleep during day and night (HYPERSOMNOLENCE).<br>It is a condition often related to OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA but<br>can occur separately.",""],["Pituitary Neoplasms",24018,0.1,"D010911","C10.228.140.211.885.500.600",0,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the<br>PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are<br>adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting<br>forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type<br>of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be<br>characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA,<br>BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE).<br>Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the<br>HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM.<br>Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.",""],["Pituitary Neoplasms",24018,0.1,"D010911","C10.551.240.250.700.500.500",0,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the<br>PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are<br>adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting<br>forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type<br>of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be<br>characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA,<br>BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE).<br>Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the<br>HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM.<br>Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.",""],["Presbycusis",1309,0.0,"D011304","C10.597.751.418.341.887.772",0,"Description: Gradual bilateral hearing loss associated with aging<br>that is due to progressive degeneration of cochlear structures<br>and central auditory pathways. Hearing loss usually begins with<br>the high frequencies then progresses to sounds of middle and low<br>frequencies.",""],["Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial",4206,0.0,"D012851","C10.228.140.300.525.425.500",3,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the CRANIAL SINUSES, large endothelium-lined venous channels<br>situated within the SKULL. Intracranial sinuses, also called<br>cranial venous sinuses, include the superior sagittal, cavernous,<br>lateral, petrous sinuses, and many others. Cranial sinus<br>thrombosis can lead to severe HEADACHE; SEIZURE; and other<br>neurological defects.",""],["Stuttering",4256,0.0,"D013342","C10.597.606.150.500.800.750",0,"Description: A disturbance in the normal fluency and time<br>patterning of speech that is inappropriate for the individual's<br>age. This disturbance is characterized by frequent repetitions or<br>prolongations of sounds or syllables. Various other types of<br>speech dysfluencies may also be involved including interjections,<br>broken words, audible or silent blocking, circumlocutions, words<br>produced with an excess of physical tension, and monosyllabic<br>whole word repetitions. Stuttering may occur as a developmental<br>condition in childhood or as an acquired disorder which may be<br>associated with BRAIN INFARCTIONS and other BRAIN DISEASES. (From<br>DSM-IV, 1994)",""],["Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis",2058,0.0,"D013344","C10.228.140.430.520.750.600",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by<br>chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The condition occurs<br>primarily in children and young adults, approximately 2-8 years<br>after the initial infection. A gradual decline in intellectual<br>abilities and behavioral alterations are followed by progressive<br>MYOCLONUS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; autonomic<br>dysfunction; and ATAXIA. DEATH usually occurs 1-3 years after<br>disease onset. Pathologic features include perivascular cuffing,<br>eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, neurophagia, and fibrous<br>gliosis. It is caused by the SSPE virus, which is a defective<br>variant of MEASLES VIRUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp767-8)",""],["Subclavian Steal Syndrome",1682,0.0,"D013349","C10.228.140.300.150.956.700",0,"Description: A clinically significant reduction in blood supply<br>to the BRAIN STEM and CEREBELLUM (i.e., VERTEBROBASILAR<br>INSUFFICIENCY) resulting from reversal of blood flow through the<br>VERTEBRAL ARTERY from occlusion or stenosis of the proximal<br>subclavian or brachiocephalic artery. Common symptoms include<br>VERTIGO; SYNCOPE; and INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION of the involved<br>upper extremity. Subclavian steal may also occur in asymptomatic<br>individuals. (From J Cardiovasc Surg 1994;35(1):11-4; Acta Neurol<br>Scand 1994;90(3):174-8)",""],["Brain Stem Infarctions",1445,0.0,"D020526","C10.228.140.300.150.477.100",1,"Description: Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is<br>comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA. There are<br>several named syndromes characterized by their distinctive<br>clinical manifestations and specific sites of ischemic injury.",""],["Brain Stem Infarctions",1445,0.0,"D020526","C10.228.140.300.775.200.100",1,"Description: Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is<br>comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA. There are<br>several named syndromes characterized by their distinctive<br>clinical manifestations and specific sites of ischemic injury.",""],["Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome",403,0.0,"D014884","C10.228.228.180.500.750.500",0,"Description: A condition of HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS of the<br>ADRENAL GLAND. It is characterized by rapidly developing ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTENSION; and widespread cutaneous PURPURA.",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C10.228.228.245.340.300.887",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C10.228.228.399.750.300.887",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["West Nile Fever",4544,0.0,"D014901","C10.586.250.520.750.300.887",0,"Description: A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST<br>NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia,<br>and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER;<br>maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and<br>lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also<br>occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors<br>with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)",""],["Deaf-Blind Disorders",1286,0.0,"D054062","C10.597.751.418.341.186.500",2,"Description: The absence of both hearing and vision.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C10.597.751.941.162.625.750",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Dementia, Vascular",4691,0.0,"D015140","C10.228.140.300.510.800.500",0,"Description: An imprecise term referring to dementia associated<br>with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION<br>(single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic<br>BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have<br>been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44)",""],["Prolactinoma",2364,0.0,"D015175","C10.228.140.617.738.675.800",0,"Description: A pituitary adenoma which secretes PROLACTIN,<br>leading to HYPERPROLACTINEMIA. Clinical manifestations include<br>AMENORRHEA; GALACTORRHEA; IMPOTENCE; HEADACHE; visual<br>disturbances; and CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy",1986,0.0,"D016657","C10.228.140.300.510.200.200",1,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial<br>disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small<br>and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES.<br>Clinical features include multiple, small lobar CEREBRAL<br>HEMORRHAGE; cerebral ischemia (BRAIN ISCHEMIA); and CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is unrelated to<br>generalized AMYLOIDOSIS. Amyloidogenic peptides in this condition<br>are nearly always the same ones found in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (from<br>Kumar: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed.,<br>2005)",""],["Phenylketonuria, Maternal",141,0.0,"D017042","C10.228.140.163.100.687.500",0,"Description: A condition occurring in untreated or partially<br>treated females with PHENYLKETONURIA when they become pregnant.<br>This may result in damages to the FETUS, including MICROCEPHALY;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; congenital heart disease; FETAL GROWTH<br>RETARDATION; and CRANIOFACIAL ABNORMALITIES. (From Am J Med Genet<br>1997 Mar 3;69(1):89-95)",""],["Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive",1317,0.0,"D020191","C10.228.140.490.375.130.650",3,"Description: A heterogeneous group of primarily familial EPILEPSY<br>disorders characterized by myoclonic seizures, tonic-clonic<br>seizures, ataxia, progressive intellectual deterioration, and<br>neuronal degeneration. These include LAFORA DISEASE; MERRF<br>SYNDROME; NEURONAL CEROID-LIPOFUSCINOSIS; sialidosis (see<br>MUCOLIPIDOSES), and UNVERRICHT-LUNDBORG SYNDROME.",""],["Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive",1317,0.0,"D020191","C10.228.140.490.493.063.650",3,"Description: A heterogeneous group of primarily familial EPILEPSY<br>disorders characterized by myoclonic seizures, tonic-clonic<br>seizures, ataxia, progressive intellectual deterioration, and<br>neuronal degeneration. These include LAFORA DISEASE; MERRF<br>SYNDROME; NEURONAL CEROID-LIPOFUSCINOSIS; sialidosis (see<br>MUCOLIPIDOSES), and UNVERRICHT-LUNDBORG SYNDROME.",""],["Canavan Disease",311,0.0,"D017825","C10.228.140.163.100.362.375",0,"Description: A rare neurodegenerative condition of infancy or<br>childhood characterized by white matter vacuolization and<br>demeylination that gives rise to a spongy appearance.<br>Aspartoacylase deficiency leads to an accumulation of<br>N-acetylaspartate in astrocytes. Inheritance may be autosomal<br>recessive or the illness may occur sporadically. This illness<br>occurs more frequently in individuals of Ashkenazic Jewish<br>descent. The neonatal form features the onset of hypotonia and<br>lethargy at birth, rapidly progressing to coma and death. The<br>infantile form features developmental delay, DYSKINESIAS,<br>hypotonia, spasticity, blindness, and megalencephaly. The<br>juvenile form is characterized by ATAXIA; OPTIC ATROPHY; and<br>DEMENTIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p944; Am J Med Genet 1988 Feb;29(2):463-71)",""],["Machado-Joseph Disease",1011,0.0,"D017827","C10.228.140.252.190.530.530",0,"Description: A dominantly-inherited ATAXIA first described in<br>people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subsequently<br>identified in Brazil, Japan, China, and Australia. This disorder<br>is classified as one of the SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIAS (Type 3) and<br>has been associated with a mutation of the MJD1 gene on<br>chromosome 14. Clinical features include progressive ataxia,<br>DYSARTHRIA, postural instability, nystagmus, eyelid retraction,<br>and facial FASCICULATIONS. DYSTONIA is prominent in younger<br>patients (referred to as Type I Machado-Joseph Disease). Type II<br>features ataxia and ocular signs; Type III features MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHY and a sensorimotor neuropathy; and Type IV features<br>extrapyramidal signs combined with a sensorimotor neuropathy.<br>(From Clin Neurosci 1995;3(1):17-22; Ann Neurol 1998<br>Mar;43(3):288-96)",""],["Machado-Joseph Disease",1011,0.0,"D017827","C10.228.140.252.700.700.500",0,"Description: A dominantly-inherited ATAXIA first described in<br>people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subsequently<br>identified in Brazil, Japan, China, and Australia. This disorder<br>is classified as one of the SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIAS (Type 3) and<br>has been associated with a mutation of the MJD1 gene on<br>chromosome 14. Clinical features include progressive ataxia,<br>DYSARTHRIA, postural instability, nystagmus, eyelid retraction,<br>and facial FASCICULATIONS. DYSTONIA is prominent in younger<br>patients (referred to as Type I Machado-Joseph Disease). Type II<br>features ataxia and ocular signs; Type III features MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHY and a sensorimotor neuropathy; and Type IV features<br>extrapyramidal signs combined with a sensorimotor neuropathy.<br>(From Clin Neurosci 1995;3(1):17-22; Ann Neurol 1998<br>Mar;43(3):288-96)",""],["Machado-Joseph Disease",1011,0.0,"D017827","C10.597.350.090.500.530.530",0,"Description: A dominantly-inherited ATAXIA first described in<br>people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subsequently<br>identified in Brazil, Japan, China, and Australia. This disorder<br>is classified as one of the SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIAS (Type 3) and<br>has been associated with a mutation of the MJD1 gene on<br>chromosome 14. Clinical features include progressive ataxia,<br>DYSARTHRIA, postural instability, nystagmus, eyelid retraction,<br>and facial FASCICULATIONS. DYSTONIA is prominent in younger<br>patients (referred to as Type I Machado-Joseph Disease). Type II<br>features ataxia and ocular signs; Type III features MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHY and a sensorimotor neuropathy; and Type IV features<br>extrapyramidal signs combined with a sensorimotor neuropathy.<br>(From Clin Neurosci 1995;3(1):17-22; Ann Neurol 1998<br>Mar;43(3):288-96)",""],["Neurofibroma, Plexiform",629,0.0,"D018318","C10.668.829.725.500.600.500",0,"Description: A type of neurofibroma manifesting as a diffuse<br>overgrowth of subcutaneous tissue, usually involving the face,<br>scalp, neck, and chest but occasionally occurring in the abdomen<br>or pelvis. The tumors tend to progress, and may extend along<br>nerve roots to eventually involve the spinal roots and spinal<br>cord. This process is almost always a manifestation of<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1016; J Pediatr 1997 Nov;131(5):678-82)",""],["Neurofibrosarcoma",346,0.0,"D018319","C10.668.829.725.500.600.600",0,"Description: A malignant tumor that arises from small cutaneous<br>nerves, is locally aggressive, and has a potential for<br>metastasis. Characteristic histopathologic features include<br>proliferating atypical spindle cells with slender wavy and<br>pointed nuclei, hypocellular areas, and areas featuring organized<br>whorls of fibroblastic proliferation. The most common primary<br>sites are the extremities, retroperitoneum, and trunk. These<br>tumors tend to present in childhood, often in association with<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles &<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p1662; Mayo Clin Proc 1990<br>Feb;65(2):164-72)",""],["Syncope, Vasovagal",2140,0.0,"D019462","C10.597.606.358.800.600.500",0,"Description: Loss of consciousness due to a reduction in blood<br>pressure that is associated with an increase in vagal tone and<br>peripheral vasodilation.",""],["Miller Fisher Syndrome",725,0.0,"D019846","C10.668.829.800.750.300.500",0,"Description: A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME<br>characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction,<br>ataxia, and loss of deep tendon reflexes with relative sparing of<br>strength in the extremities and trunk. The ataxia is produced by<br>peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction and not by cerebellar<br>injury. Facial weakness and sensory loss may also occur. The<br>process is mediated by autoantibodies directed against a<br>component of myelin found in peripheral nerves. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1313; Neurology 1987<br>Sep;37(9):1493-8)",""],["Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage",368,0.0,"D020145","C10.228.140.300.535.200.150",1,"Description: Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral<br>hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associated with<br>HYPERTENSION or ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS. Clinical<br>manifestations may include HEADACHE; DYSKINESIAS; and<br>HEMIPARESIS.",""],["Putaminal Hemorrhage",146,0.0,"D020146","C10.228.140.079.127.500.500",0,"Description: Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL<br>GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSION and<br>lipohyalinosis of small blood vessels in the putamen. Clinical<br>manifestations vary with the size of hemorrhage, but include<br>HEMIPARESIS; HEADACHE; and alterations of consciousness.",""],["Putaminal Hemorrhage",146,0.0,"D020146","C10.228.140.300.100.200.500",0,"Description: Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL<br>GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSION and<br>lipohyalinosis of small blood vessels in the putamen. Clinical<br>manifestations vary with the size of hemorrhage, but include<br>HEMIPARESIS; HEADACHE; and alterations of consciousness.",""],["Citrullinemia",353,0.0,"D020159","C10.228.140.163.100.937.374",0,"Description: A group of diseases related to a deficiency of the<br>enzyme ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHASE which causes an elevation of<br>serum levels of CITRULLINE. In neonates, clinical manifestations<br>include lethargy, hypotonia, and SEIZURES. Milder forms also<br>occur. Childhood and adult forms may present with recurrent<br>episodes of intermittent weakness, lethargy, ATAXIA, behavioral<br>changes, and DYSARTHRIA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p49)",""],["Hyperargininemia",173,0.0,"D020162","C10.228.140.163.100.937.500",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea<br>cycle. It is caused by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme<br>ARGINASE. Arginine is elevated in the blood and cerebrospinal<br>fluid, and periodic HYPERAMMONEMIA may occur. Disease onset is<br>usually in infancy or early childhood. Clinical manifestations<br>include seizures, microcephaly, progressive mental impairment,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, spastic diplegia, and quadriparesis. (From Hum<br>Genet 1993 Mar;91(1):1-5; Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p51)",""],["Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease",839,0.0,"D020163","C10.228.140.163.100.937.750",0,"Description: An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with<br>deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE,<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and featuring elevations of<br>amino acids and ammonia in the serum. Clinical features, which<br>are more prominent in males, include seizures, behavioral<br>alterations, episodic vomiting, lethargy, and coma. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp49-50)",""],["Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease",116,0.0,"D020165","C10.228.140.163.100.937.249",0,"Description: A urea cycle disorder manifesting in infancy as<br>lethargy, emesis, seizures, alterations of muscle tone, abnormal<br>eye movements, and an elevation of serum ammonia. The disorder is<br>caused by a reduction in the activity of hepatic mitochondrial<br>CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (AMMONIA). (Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp50-1)",""],["Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile",743,0.0,"D020190","C10.228.140.490.375.130.670",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by the onset of myoclonus<br>in adolescence, a marked increase in the incidence of absence<br>seizures (see EPILEPSY, ABSENCE), and generalized major motor<br>seizures (see EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). The myoclonic episodes<br>tend to occur shortly after awakening. Seizures tend to be<br>aggravated by sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption.<br>Hereditary and sporadic forms have been identified. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p323)",""],["Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile",743,0.0,"D020190","C10.228.140.490.493.063.670",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by the onset of myoclonus<br>in adolescence, a marked increase in the incidence of absence<br>seizures (see EPILEPSY, ABSENCE), and generalized major motor<br>seizures (see EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). The myoclonic episodes<br>tend to occur shortly after awakening. Seizures tend to be<br>aggravated by sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption.<br>Hereditary and sporadic forms have been identified. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p323)",""],["Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic",520,0.0,"D020201","C10.228.140.300.535.450.200",2,"Description: Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating<br>and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traumatically induced<br>hemorrhages may occur in any area of the brain, including the<br>CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM (see BRAIN STEM HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC); and<br>CEREBELLUM.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic",267,0.0,"D020202","C10.228.140.300.535.200.200",0,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due<br>to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>and the BASAL GANGLIA. Depending on the severity of bleeding,<br>clinical features may include SEIZURES; APHASIA; VISION<br>DISORDERS; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; PARALYSIS; and COMA.",""],["Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic",212,0.0,"D020206","C10.228.140.300.535.450.650",0,"Description: Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptomatic;<br>moderate to severe hemorrhages may be associated with<br>INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION and VASOSPASM, INTRACRANIAL.",""],["Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic",212,0.0,"D020206","C10.228.140.300.535.800.700",0,"Description: Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptomatic;<br>moderate to severe hemorrhages may be associated with<br>INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION and VASOSPASM, INTRACRANIAL.",""],["Coma, Post-Head Injury",106,0.0,"D020207","C10.597.606.358.800.200.200",0,"Description: Prolonged unconsciousness from which the individual<br>cannot be aroused, associated with traumatic injuries to the<br>BRAIN. This may be defined as unconsciousness persisting for 6<br>hours or longer. Coma results from injury to both cerebral<br>hemispheres or the RETICULAR FORMATION of the BRAIN STEM.<br>Contributing mechanisms include DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY and BRAIN<br>EDEMA. (From J Neurotrauma 1997 Oct;14(10):699-713)",""],["Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection",1578,0.0,"D020215","C10.228.140.300.200.345.300",0,"Description: The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both<br>(left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ARTERY,<br>INTERNAL). Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel<br>wall can lead to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and<br>aneurysm formation.",""],["Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection",1578,0.0,"D020215","C10.228.140.300.350.500.300",0,"Description: The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both<br>(left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ARTERY,<br>INTERNAL). Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel<br>wall can lead to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and<br>aneurysm formation.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C10.228.140.300.350.500.350",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C10.228.228.245.340.450.800",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C10.228.228.399.750.450.800",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C10.586.250.520.750.450.800",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C10.228.228.245.340.450.200",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C10.228.228.399.750.450.200",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C10.586.250.520.750.450.200",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery",238,0.0,"D020243","C10.228.140.300.510.200.325",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These<br>arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery<br>usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower<br>body.",""],["Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery",6854,0.0,"D020244","C10.228.140.300.510.200.387",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral<br>aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include<br>impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the<br>face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the<br>infarction.",""],["MPTP Poisoning",1555,0.0,"D020267","C10.228.140.079.862.800.300",0,"Description: A condition caused by the neurotoxin MPTP which<br>causes selective destruction of nigrostriatal dopaminergic<br>neurons. Clinical features include irreversible parkinsonian<br>signs including rigidity and bradykinesia (PARKINSON DISEASE,<br>SECONDARY). MPTP toxicity is also used as an animal model for the<br>study of PARKINSON DISEASE. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1072; Neurology 1986 Feb;36(2):250-8)",""],["Papilloma, Choroid Plexus",350,0.0,"D020288","C10.228.140.211.280.300.500",0,"Description: A usually benign neoplasm that arises from the<br>cuboidal epithelium of the choroid plexus and takes the form of<br>an enlarged CHOROID PLEXUS, which may be associated with<br>oversecretion of CSF. The tumor usually presents in the first<br>decade of life with signs of increased intracranial pressure<br>including HEADACHES; ATAXIA; DIPLOPIA; and alterations of mental<br>status. In children it is most common in the lateral ventricles<br>and in adults it tends to arise in the fourth ventricle.<br>Malignant transformation to choroid plexus carcinomas may rarely<br>occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p667;<br>DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th<br>ed, p2072)",""],["Papilloma, Choroid Plexus",350,0.0,"D020288","C10.551.240.250.200.200.500",0,"Description: A usually benign neoplasm that arises from the<br>cuboidal epithelium of the choroid plexus and takes the form of<br>an enlarged CHOROID PLEXUS, which may be associated with<br>oversecretion of CSF. The tumor usually presents in the first<br>decade of life with signs of increased intracranial pressure<br>including HEADACHES; ATAXIA; DIPLOPIA; and alterations of mental<br>status. In children it is most common in the lateral ventricles<br>and in adults it tends to arise in the fourth ventricle.<br>Malignant transformation to choroid plexus carcinomas may rarely<br>occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p667;<br>DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th<br>ed, p2072)",""],["Migraine with Aura",2055,0.0,"D020325","C10.228.140.546.399.750.250",0,"Description: A subtype of migraine disorder, characterized by<br>recurrent attacks of reversible neurological symptoms (aura) that<br>precede or accompany the headache. Aura may include a combination<br>of sensory disturbances, such as blurred VISION; HALLUCINATIONS;<br>VERTIGO; NUMBNESS; and difficulty in concentrating and speaking.<br>Aura is usually followed by features of the COMMON MIGRAINE, such<br>as PHOTOPHOBIA; PHONOPHOBIA; and NAUSEA. (International<br>Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004:<br>suppl 1)",""],["Migraine without Aura",797,0.0,"D020326","C10.228.140.546.399.750.450",0,"Description: Recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches, not<br>preceded or accompanied by an aura, in attacks lasting 4-72<br>hours. It is characterized by PAIN of moderate to severe<br>intensity; aggravated by physical activity; and associated with<br>NAUSEA and / or PHOTOPHOBIA and PHONOPHOBIA. (International<br>Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004:<br>suppl 1)",""],["Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease",350,0.0,"D020371","C10.228.140.163.100.362.775",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive disorder of myelin<br>formation. Subtypes are referred to as classic, congenital,<br>transitional, and adult forms of this disease. The classic form<br>is X-chromosome linked, has its onset in infancy and is<br>associated with a mutation of the proteolipid protein gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include TREMOR, spasmus nutans, roving<br>eye movements, ATAXIA, spasticity, and NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL.<br>Death occurs by the third decade of life. The congenital form has<br>similar characteristics but presents early in infancy and<br>features rapid disease progression. Transitional and adult<br>subtypes have a later onset and less severe symptomatology.<br>Pathologic features include patchy areas of demyelination with<br>preservation of perivascular islands (trigoid appearance). (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p190)",""],["Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery",268,0.0,"D020762","C10.228.140.300.510.200.418",0,"Description: NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR<br>CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of<br>the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE.<br>Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical<br>features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems<br>(AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).",""],["Pick Disease of the Brain",479,0.0,"D020774","C10.228.140.380.266.299.500",0,"Description: A rare form of DEMENTIA that is sometimes familial.<br>Clinical features include APHASIA; APRAXIA; CONFUSION; ANOMIA;<br>memory loss; and personality deterioration. This pattern is<br>consistent with the pathologic findings of circumscribed atrophy<br>of the poles of the FRONTAL LOBE and TEMPORAL LOBE. Neuronal loss<br>is maximal in the HIPPOCAMPUS, entorhinal cortex, and AMYGDALA.<br>Some ballooned cortical neurons contain argentophylic (Pick)<br>bodies. (From Brain Pathol 1998 Apr;8(2):339-54; Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1057-9)",""],["Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex",1499,0.0,"D020803","C10.228.140.430.520.750.350",0,"Description: An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of<br>the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal.<br>The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1<br>(HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2<br>(HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations;<br>APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is<br>marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and<br>inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)",""],["Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster",313,0.0,"D020804","C10.228.140.430.520.750.400",0,"Description: Inflammation of brain tissue caused by infection<br>with the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). This<br>condition is associated with immunocompromised states, including<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME. Pathologically, the virus<br>tends to induce a vasculopathy and infect oligodendrocytes and<br>ependymal cells, leading to CEREBRAL INFARCTION, multifocal<br>regions of demyelination, and periventricular necrosis.<br>Manifestations of varicella encephalitis usually occur 5-7 days<br>after onset of HERPES ZOSTER and include HEADACHE; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; focal neurologic deficits; FEVER; and COMA. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch 26, pp29-32; Hum Pathol 1996<br>Sep;27(9):927-38)",""],["Sialic Acid Storage Disease",87,0.0,"D029461","C10.228.140.163.100.435.810",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders<br>caused by lysosomal membrane transport defects that result in<br>accumulation of free sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) within<br>the lysosomes. The two main clinical phenotypes, which are<br>allelic variants of the SLC17A5 gene, are ISSD, a severe<br>infantile form, or Salla disease, a slowly progressive adult<br>form, named for the geographic area in Finland where the kindred<br>first studied resided.",""],["Alexander Disease",380,0.0,"D038261","C10.228.140.163.100.362.312",0,"Description: Rare leukoencephalopathy with infantile-onset<br>accumulation of Rosenthal fibers in the subpial, periventricular,<br>and subependymal zones of the brain. Rosenthal fibers are GLIAL<br>FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN aggregates found in ASTROCYTES.<br>Juvenile- and adult-onset types show progressive atrophy of the<br>lower brainstem instead. De novo mutations in the GFAP gene are<br>associated with the disease with propensity for paternal<br>inheritance.",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C10.228.140.300.510.200.175",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion",1590,0.0,"D047748","C10.228.140.617.738.250.725",0,"Description: A disease of the PITUITARY GLAND characterized by<br>the excess amount of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE secreted. This<br>leads to hypersecretion of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) by the<br>ADRENAL GLANDS resulting in CUSHING SYNDROME.",""],["Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma",677,0.0,"D049912","C10.228.140.617.738.675.299",0,"Description: A pituitary tumor that secretes GROWTH HORMONE. In<br>humans, excess HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE leads to ACROMEGALY.",""],["SUNCT Syndrome",222,0.0,"D050798","C10.228.140.546.399.937.875",0,"Description: A primary headache disorder that is characterized by<br>frequent short-lasting, unilateral, neuralgiform pain attacks in<br>the ocular area, with CONJUNCTIVA fluid-filling and tearing.<br>SUNCT syndrome is usually resistant to treatment.",""],["Paroxysmal Hemicrania",126,0.0,"D051302","C10.228.140.546.399.937.750",0,"Description: A primary headache disorder that is similar to the<br>CLUSTER HEADACHE with unilateral head pain, but differs by its<br>multiple short severe attacks. It is usually seen in females, and<br>may be responsive to non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory drugs<br>(NSAIDS).",""],["Usher Syndromes",603,0.0,"D052245","C10.597.751.418.341.887.886",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders<br>characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically<br>heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type<br>III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the<br>degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.",""],["Usher Syndromes",603,0.0,"D052245","C10.597.751.941.162.625.500",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders<br>characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically<br>heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type<br>III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the<br>degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.",""],["Pallister-Hall Syndrome",43,0.0,"D054975","C10.228.140.211.885.500.299",0,"Description: A pleiotropic disorder of human development that<br>comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and postaxial<br>POLYDACTYLY; bifid EPIGLOTTIS; ANAL ATRESIA; and renal and other<br>abnormalities. This disorder is associated with FRAMESHIFT<br>MUTATIONS in the GLI3 gene which encodes the GLI3 protein, a<br>KRUPPEL-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS family member.",""],["Pallister-Hall Syndrome",43,0.0,"D054975","C10.551.240.250.700.500.249",0,"Description: A pleiotropic disorder of human development that<br>comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and postaxial<br>POLYDACTYLY; bifid EPIGLOTTIS; ANAL ATRESIA; and renal and other<br>abnormalities. This disorder is associated with FRAMESHIFT<br>MUTATIONS in the GLI3 gene which encodes the GLI3 protein, a<br>KRUPPEL-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS family member.",""],["Argininosuccinic Aciduria",135,0.0,"D056807","C10.228.140.163.100.937.124",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle<br>which leads to the accumulation of argininosuccinic acid in body<br>fluids and severe HYPERAMMONEMIA. Clinical features of the<br>neonatal onset of the disorder include poor feeding, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, tachypnea, coma, and death. Later onset<br>results in milder set of clinical features including vomiting,<br>failure to thrive, irritability, behavioral problems, or<br>psychomotor retardation. Mutations in the ARGININOSUCCINATE LYASE<br>gene cause the disorder.",""],["Corneal Perforation",350,0.0,"D057112","C10.900.300.284.250.124.500",0,"Description: A puncture or hole through the CORNEAL STROMA<br>resulting from various diseases or trauma.",""],["Sarcoglycanopathies",86,0.0,"D058088","C10.668.491.175.500.149.500",0,"Description: Deficiencies or mutations in the genes for the<br>SARCOGLYCAN COMPLEX subunits. A variety of phenotypes are<br>associated with these mutations including a subgroup of autosomal<br>recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophies, cardiomyopathies, and<br>respiratory deficiency.",""],["Walker-Warburg Syndrome",165,0.0,"D058494","C10.500.507.450.499.249.500",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive lissencephaly type 2<br>associated with congenital MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY and eye anomalies<br>(e.g., RETINAL DETACHMENT; CATARACT; MICROPHTHALMOS). It is often<br>associated with additional brain malformations such as<br>HYDROCEPHALY and cerebellar hypoplasia and is the most severe<br>form of the group of related syndromes (alpha-<br>dystroglycanopathies) with common congenital abnormalities in the<br>brain, eye and muscle development.",""],["Ophthalmoplegic Migraine",62,0.0,"D060486","C10.228.140.546.399.750.725",0,"Description: Childhood-onset of recurrent headaches with an<br>oculomotor cranial nerve palsy. Typically, ABDUCENS NERVE;<br>OCULOMOTOR NERVE; and TROCHLEAR NERVE are involved with DIPLOPIA<br>and BLEPHAROPTOSIS.",""],["Lingual Nerve Injuries",282,0.0,"D061222","C10.292.319.625.700.349.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the LINGUAL NERVE. It may be a<br>complication following dental treatments.",""],["Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries",852,0.0,"D061226","C10.900.300.218.887.750.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE<br>that may result in vocal cord dysfunction.",""],["Alice in Wonderland Syndrome",61,0.0,"D062026","C10.228.140.546.399.750.124",0,"Description: Neurological condition characterized by disturbances<br>in VISUAL PERCEPTION, most often of BODY SCHEMA, TIME PERCEPTION<br>and HALLUCINATIONS. It is associated with MIGRAINE, infections<br>(e.g., INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS), FEVER, EPILEPSY, and other<br>neurological and psychiatric disorders.",""],["Hypophysitis",390,0.0,"D000072659","C10.228.140.617.738.275",1,"Description: Inflammation of the PITUITARY GLAND.",""],["Brain Contusion",91,0.0,"D000070624","C10.228.140.199.444.375",0,"Description: A bruise of the brain from an impact of the skull.",""],["Brain Contusion",91,0.0,"D000070624","C10.900.300.087.235.375",0,"Description: A bruise of the brain from an impact of the skull.",""],["Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy",351,0.0,"D000070627","C10.228.140.199.444.500",0,"Description: Degenerative brain disease linked to repetitive<br>brain trauma. Progressive symptoms may include MEMORY LOSS;<br>AGGRESSION; or DEPRESSION.",""],["Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy",351,0.0,"D000070627","C10.228.140.199.500.500",0,"Description: Degenerative brain disease linked to repetitive<br>brain trauma. Progressive symptoms may include MEMORY LOSS;<br>AGGRESSION; or DEPRESSION.",""],["Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy",351,0.0,"D000070627","C10.900.300.087.235.500",0,"Description: Degenerative brain disease linked to repetitive<br>brain trauma. Progressive symptoms may include MEMORY LOSS;<br>AGGRESSION; or DEPRESSION.",""],["Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy",351,0.0,"D000070627","C10.900.300.087.250.500",0,"Description: Degenerative brain disease linked to repetitive<br>brain trauma. Progressive symptoms may include MEMORY LOSS;<br>AGGRESSION; or DEPRESSION.",""],["Tardive Dyskinesia",354,0.0,"D000071057","C10.228.662.262.500.500",0,"Description: Drug-related movement disorder characterized by<br>uncontrollable movements in certain muscles. It is associated<br>with a long-term exposure to certain neuroleptic medications<br>(e.g., METOCLOPRAMIDE).",""],["Emergence Delirium",369,0.0,"D000071257","C10.597.606.337.500.500",0,"Description: A form of DELIRIUM which occurs after GENERAL<br>ANESTHESIA.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage",27452,0.1,"D002543","C10.228.140.300.535.200",4,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES<br>including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often<br>associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.",""],["Charles Bonnet Syndrome",79,0.0,"D000075562","C10.597.606.762.300.500",0,"Description: Repetitive visual hallucinations experienced mostly<br>by elderly with diminished visual acuity or visual field loss,<br>with awareness of the fictional nature of their hallucinations.<br>It is not associated with delusions and other sensory<br>hallucinations.",""],["Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome",11,0.0,"D000076042","C10.597.606.525.400.500",0,"Description: A neurological disorder characterized by<br>inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. It<br>is caused by THIAMINE DEFICIENCY due to chronic ALCOHOLISM.",""],["Cauda Equina Syndrome",172,0.0,"D000077684","C10.668.829.800.750.150",0,"Description: Compressive lesion affecting the nerve roots of the<br>CAUDA EQUINA (e.g., compression, herniation, inflammation,<br>rupture, or stenosis), which controls the function of the bladder<br>and bowel. Symptoms may include neurological dysfunction of<br>bladder or bowels, loss of sexual sensation and altered sensation<br>or paralysis in the lower extremities.",""],["Brain Stem Neoplasms",2181,0.0,"D020295","C10.228.140.211.500.100",1,"Description: Benign and malignant intra-axial tumors of the<br>MESENCEPHALON; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the BRAIN STEM.<br>Primary and metastatic neoplasms may occur in this location.<br>Clinical features include ATAXIA, cranial neuropathies (see<br>CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES), NAUSEA, hemiparesis (see HEMIPLEGIA),<br>and quadriparesis. Primary brain stem neoplasms are more frequent<br>in children. Histologic subtypes include GLIOMA;<br>HEMANGIOBLASTOMA; GANGLIOGLIOMA; and EPENDYMOMA.",""],["Brain Stem Neoplasms",2181,0.0,"D020295","C10.551.240.250.400.200",1,"Description: Benign and malignant intra-axial tumors of the<br>MESENCEPHALON; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the BRAIN STEM.<br>Primary and metastatic neoplasms may occur in this location.<br>Clinical features include ATAXIA, cranial neuropathies (see<br>CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES), NAUSEA, hemiparesis (see HEMIPLEGIA),<br>and quadriparesis. Primary brain stem neoplasms are more frequent<br>in children. Histologic subtypes include GLIOMA;<br>HEMANGIOBLASTOMA; GANGLIOGLIOMA; and EPENDYMOMA.",""],["Language Development Disorders",5928,0.0,"D007805","C10.597.606.150.500.550",1,"Description: Conditions characterized by language abilities<br>(comprehension and expression of speech and writing) that are<br>below the expected level for a given age, generally in the<br>absence of an intellectual impairment. These conditions may be<br>associated with DEAFNESS; BRAIN DISEASES; MENTAL DISORDERS; or<br>environmental factors.",""],["Trigeminal Nerve Injuries",1322,0.0,"D061221","C10.292.319.625.700.349",2,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. It may<br>result in extreme pain, abnormal sensation in the areas the nerve<br>innervates on face, jaw, gums and tongue and can cause<br>difficulties with speech and chewing. It is sometimes associated<br>with various dental treatments.",""],["Mandibular Nerve Injuries",20,0.0,"D000080902","C10.900.300.218.775.750",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the MANDIBULAR NERVE and its<br>branches. Note that marginal mandibular nerve injury is a type of<br>FACIAL NERVE INJURIES. Injuries to LINGUAL NERVE branch of<br>mandibular nerve is LINGUAL NERVE INJURIES.",""],["Toxic Optic Neuropathy",20,0.0,"D000081028","C10.900.300.218.550.500",0,"Description: Damage to the eye or its function (e.g., VISUAL<br>IMPAIRMENT) due to OPTIC NERVE damage secondary to toxic<br>substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or<br>RADIATION.",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss",396,0.0,"D020389","C10.668.491.175.500.350",1,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited muscular dystrophy<br>without the involvement of nervous system. The disease is<br>characterized by MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; CONTRACTURE<br>of the elbows; ACHILLES TENDON; and posterior cervical muscles;<br>with or without cardiac features. There are several INHERITANCE<br>PATTERNS including X-linked (X CHROMOSOME), autosomal dominant<br>(for LMNA-associated type see AUTOSOMAL EMERY-DREIFUSS MUSCULAR<br>DYSTROPHY), and autosomal recessive gene mutations.",""],["Ischemic Stroke",5838,0.0,"D000083242","C10.228.140.300.775.400",3,"Description: Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in<br>interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain.<br>When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a<br>cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction<br>is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel<br>(see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke.<br>Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep<br>while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown<br>origin.",""],["Hemorrhagic Stroke",262,0.0,"D000083302","C10.228.140.300.775.300",0,"Description: Stroke due to rupture of a weakened blood vessel in<br>the brain (e.g., CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES; CEREBELLUM; SUBARACHNOID<br>SPACE).",""],["Hyperpituitarism",12037,0.1,"D006964","C10.228.140.617.738.250",3,"Description: Disease of the glandular, anterior portion of the<br>pituitary (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR) resulting in hypersecretion<br>of ADENOHYPOPHYSEAL HORMONES such as GROWTH HORMONE; PROLACTIN;<br>THYROTROPIN; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE ;<br>and ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE. Hyperpituitarism usually is<br>caused by a functional ADENOMA.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C10.228.140.163.100.084",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases",5502,0.0,"D020279","C10.228.140.163.100.362",6,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by a loss of<br>MYELIN in the central nervous system.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C10.228.140.695.625.250",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C10.597.606.360.455.124",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Agraphia",785,0.0,"D000381","C10.597.606.150.500.050",0,"Description: Loss or impairment of the ability to write (letters,<br>syllables, words, or phrases) due to an injury to a specific<br>cerebral area or occasionally due to emotional factors. This<br>condition rarely occurs in isolation, and often accompanies<br>APHASIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p485; APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)",""],["Amnesia, Retrograde",712,0.0,"D000648","C10.597.606.525.100.150",0,"Description: Loss of the ability to recall information that had<br>been previously encoded in memory prior to a specified or<br>approximate point in time. This process may be organic or<br>psychogenic in origin. Organic forms may be associated with<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS; SEIZURES;<br>DEMENTIA; and a wide variety of other conditions that impair<br>cerebral function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, pp426-9)",""],["Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System",20058,0.1,"D020140","C10.228.140.163.100.435",23,"Description: A group of enzymatic disorders affecting the nervous<br>system and to a variable degree the skeletal system,<br>lymphoreticular system, and other organs. The conditions are<br>marked by an abnormal accumulation of catabolic material within<br>lysosomes.",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.0,"D000795","C10.228.140.300.275.374",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Anomia",672,0.0,"D000849","C10.597.606.150.500.090",0,"Description: A language dysfunction characterized by the<br>inability to name people and objects that are correctly<br>perceived. The individual is able to describe the object in<br>question, but cannot provide the name. This condition is<br>associated with lesions of the dominant hemisphere involving the<br>language areas, in particular the TEMPORAL LOBE. (From Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p484)",""],["Speech Disorders",28530,0.1,"D013064","C10.597.606.150.500.800",11,"Description: Acquired or developmental conditions marked by an<br>impaired ability to comprehend or generate spoken forms of<br>language.",""],["Spinocerebellar Ataxias",6590,0.0,"D020754","C10.228.140.252.190.530",2,"Description: A group of predominately late-onset, cerebellar<br>ataxias which have been divided into multiple subtypes based on<br>clinical features and genetic mapping. Progressive ataxia is a<br>central feature of these conditions, and in certain subtypes<br>POLYNEUROPATHY; DYSARTHRIA; visual loss; and other disorders may<br>develop. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch65, pp 12-17; J<br>Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1998 Jun;57(6):531-43)",""],["Spinocerebellar Ataxias",6590,0.0,"D020754","C10.597.350.090.500.530",2,"Description: A group of predominately late-onset, cerebellar<br>ataxias which have been divided into multiple subtypes based on<br>clinical features and genetic mapping. Progressive ataxia is a<br>central feature of these conditions, and in certain subtypes<br>POLYNEUROPATHY; DYSARTHRIA; visual loss; and other disorders may<br>develop. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch65, pp 12-17; J<br>Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1998 Jun;57(6):531-43)",""],["Brain Concussion",9865,0.0,"D001924","C10.228.140.199.444.250",0,"Description: A nonspecific term used to describe transient<br>alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head<br>injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few<br>seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be<br>classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods<br>of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in<br>duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-<br>HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th<br>ed, p418)",""],["Brain Concussion",9865,0.0,"D001924","C10.900.300.087.235.250",0,"Description: A nonspecific term used to describe transient<br>alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head<br>injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few<br>seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be<br>classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods<br>of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in<br>duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-<br>HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th<br>ed, p418)",""],["Coma",14684,0.1,"D003128","C10.597.606.358.800.200",3,"Description: A profound state of unconsciousness associated with<br>depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be<br>aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or<br>injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem<br>RETICULAR FORMATION.",""],["Carotid Artery Thrombosis",2249,0.0,"D002341","C10.228.140.300.200.355",0,"Description: Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID<br>ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the<br>vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.",""],["Carpal Tunnel Syndrome",8986,0.0,"D002349","C10.668.829.500.500.200",0,"Description: Entrapment of the MEDIAN NERVE in the carpal tunnel,<br>which is formed by the flexor retinaculum and the CARPAL BONES.<br>This syndrome may be associated with repetitive occupational<br>trauma (CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS); wrist injuries; AMYLOID<br>NEUROPATHIES; rheumatoid arthritis (see ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID);<br>ACROMEGALY; PREGNANCY; and other conditions. Symptoms include<br>burning pain and paresthesias involving the ventral surface of<br>the hand and fingers which may radiate proximally. Impairment of<br>sensation in the distribution of the median nerve and thenar<br>muscle atrophy may occur. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51,<br>p45)",""],["Narcolepsy",4350,0.0,"D009290","C10.886.425.800.200.750",1,"Description: A condition characterized by recurrent episodes of<br>daytime somnolence and lapses in consciousness (microsomnias)<br>that may be associated with automatic behaviors and AMNESIA.<br>CATAPLEXY; SLEEP PARALYSIS, and hypnagogic HALLUCINATIONS<br>frequently accompany narcolepsy. The pathophysiology of this<br>disorder includes sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) sleep,<br>which normally follows stage III or IV sleep. (From Neurology<br>1998 Feb;50(2 Suppl 1):S2-S7)",""],["Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia",177,0.0,"D002527","C10.228.140.252.700.250",0,"Description: A condition marked by progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA<br>combined with MYOCLONUS usually presenting in the third decade of<br>life or later. Additional clinical features may include<br>generalized and focal SEIZURES, spasticity, and DYSKINESIAS.<br>Autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant patterns of<br>inheritance have been reported. Pathologically, the dentate<br>nucleus and brachium conjunctivum of the CEREBELLUM are atrophic,<br>with variable involvement of the spinal cord, cerebellar cortex,<br>and basal ganglia. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>pp60-1)",""],["Cerebellar Neoplasms",8625,0.0,"D002528","C10.228.140.211.500.200",0,"Description: Primary or metastatic neoplasms of the CEREBELLUM.<br>Tumors in this location frequently present with ATAXIA or signs<br>of INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION due to obstruction of the fourth<br>ventricle. Common primary cerebellar tumors include fibrillary<br>ASTROCYTOMA and cerebellar HEMANGIOBLASTOMA. The cerebellum is a<br>relatively common site for tumor metastases from the lung,<br>breast, and other distant organs. (From Okazaki & Scheithauer,<br>Atlas of Neuropathology, 1988, p86 and p141)",""],["Cerebellar Neoplasms",8625,0.0,"D002528","C10.551.240.250.400.300",0,"Description: Primary or metastatic neoplasms of the CEREBELLUM.<br>Tumors in this location frequently present with ATAXIA or signs<br>of INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION due to obstruction of the fourth<br>ventricle. Common primary cerebellar tumors include fibrillary<br>ASTROCYTOMA and cerebellar HEMANGIOBLASTOMA. The cerebellum is a<br>relatively common site for tumor metastases from the lung,<br>breast, and other distant organs. (From Okazaki & Scheithauer,<br>Atlas of Neuropathology, 1988, p86 and p141)",""],["Intracranial Aneurysm",30857,0.1,"D002532","C10.228.140.300.510.600",0,"Description: Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial<br>blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms<br>located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the<br>brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or<br>INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter)<br>may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)",""],["Intracranial Arteriosclerosis",9217,0.0,"D002537","C10.228.140.300.510.800",1,"Description: Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and<br>hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are<br>three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the<br>ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits<br>in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small<br>caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION;<br>transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and<br>HEMIPARESIS.",""],["Cerebral Arterial Diseases",16768,0.1,"D002539","C10.228.140.300.510.200",7,"Description: Pathological conditions of intracranial ARTERIES<br>supplying the CEREBRUM. These diseases often are due to<br>abnormalities or pathological processes in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL<br>ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; and POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY.",""],["Brain Infarction",30683,0.1,"D020520","C10.228.140.300.150.477",8,"Description: Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including<br>the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM.<br>Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated<br>by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by<br>HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be<br>temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.",""],["Brain Infarction",30683,0.1,"D020520","C10.228.140.300.775.200",8,"Description: Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including<br>the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM.<br>Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated<br>by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by<br>HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be<br>temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.",""],["Ischemic Attack, Transient",16024,0.1,"D002546","C10.228.140.300.150.836",0,"Description: Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive<br>ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than<br>24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient<br>thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events<br>may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or<br>etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)",""],["Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder",2174,0.0,"D002549","C10.228.140.695.562.112",0,"Description: A rare central nervous system demyelinating<br>condition affecting children and young adults. Pathologic<br>findings include a large, sharply defined, asymmetric focus of<br>myelin destruction that may involve an entire lobe or cerebral<br>hemisphere. The clinical course tends to be progressive and<br>includes dementia, cortical blindness, cortical deafness, spastic<br>hemiplegia, and pseudobulbar palsy. Concentric sclerosis of Balo<br>is differentiated from diffuse cerebral sclerosis of Schilder by<br>the pathologic finding of alternating bands of destruction and<br>preservation of myelin in concentric rings. Alpers' Syndrome<br>refers to a heterogeneous group of diseases that feature<br>progressive cerebral deterioration and liver disease. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p914; Dev Neurosci<br>1991;13(4-5):267-73)",""],["Cervical Rib Syndrome",189,0.0,"D002573","C10.668.829.550.850.200",0,"Description: A condition associated with compression of the<br>BRACHIAL PLEXUS; SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY; and SUBCLAVIAN VEIN at the<br>thoracic outlet and caused by a complete or incomplete anomalous<br>CERVICAL RIB or fascial band connecting the tip of a cervical rib<br>with the first thoracic rib. Clinical manifestations may include<br>pain in the neck and shoulder which radiates into the upper<br>extremity, PARESIS or PARALYSIS of brachial plexus innervated<br>muscles; sensory loss; PARESTHESIAS; ISCHEMIA; and EDEMA. (Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p214)",""],["Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease",4400,0.0,"D002607","C10.668.829.800.300.200",0,"Description: A hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy<br>transmitted most often as an autosomal dominant trait and<br>characterized by progressive distal wasting and loss of reflexes<br>in the muscles of the legs (and occasionally involving the arms).<br>Onset is usually in the second to fourth decade of life. This<br>condition has been divided into two subtypes, hereditary motor<br>and sensory neuropathy (HMSN) types I and II. HMSN I is<br>associated with abnormal nerve conduction velocities and nerve<br>hypertrophy, features not seen in HMSN II. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias",3368,0.0,"D051303","C10.228.140.546.399.937",3,"Description: Primary headache disorders that show symptoms caused<br>by the activation of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM of the<br>TRIGEMINAL NERVE. These autonomic features include redness and<br>tearing of the EYE, nasal congestion or discharge, facial<br>SWEATING and other symptoms. Most subgroups show unilateral<br>cranial PAIN.",""],["Deafness",24465,0.1,"D003638","C10.597.751.418.341.186",3,"Description: A general term for the complete loss of the ability<br>to hear from both ears.",""],["Hearing Loss, Sudden",2674,0.0,"D003639","C10.597.751.418.341.900",0,"Description: Sensorineural hearing loss which develops suddenly<br>over a period of hours or a few days. It varies in severity from<br>mild to total deafness. Sudden deafness can be due to head<br>trauma, vascular diseases, infections, or can appear without<br>obvious cause or warning.",""],["Dermatomyositis",7871,0.0,"D003882","C10.668.491.562.575.500",0,"Description: A subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle<br>and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a characteristic<br>skin rash. The illness occurs with approximately equal frequency<br>in children and adults. The skin lesions usually take the form of<br>a purplish rash (or less often an exfoliative dermatitis)<br>involving the nose, cheeks, forehead, upper trunk, and arms. The<br>disease is associated with a complement mediated intramuscular<br>microangiopathy, leading to loss of capillaries, muscle ischemia,<br>muscle-fiber necrosis, and perifascicular atrophy. The childhood<br>form of this disease tends to evolve into a systemic vasculitis.<br>Dermatomyositis may occur in association with malignant<br>neoplasms. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1405-6)",""],["Hypopituitarism",7850,0.0,"D007018","C10.228.140.617.738.300",1,"Description: Diminution or cessation of secretion of one or more<br>hormones from the anterior pituitary gland (including LH;<br>FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE; SOMATOTROPIN; and CORTICOTROPIN).<br>This may result from surgical or radiation ablation, non-<br>secretory PITUITARY NEOPLASMS, metastatic tumors, infarction,<br>PITUITARY APOPLEXY, infiltrative or granulomatous processes, and<br>other conditions.",""],["Dysautonomia, Familial",943,0.0,"D004402","C10.668.829.800.175.250",0,"Description: An autosomal disorder of the peripheral and<br>autonomic nervous systems limited to individuals of Ashkenazic<br>Jewish descent. Clinical manifestations are present at birth and<br>include diminished lacrimation, defective thermoregulation,<br>orthostatic hypotension (HYPOTENSION, ORTHOSTATIC), fixed pupils,<br>excessive SWEATING, loss of pain and temperature sensation, and<br>absent reflexes. Pathologic features include reduced numbers of<br>small diameter peripheral nerve fibers and autonomic ganglion<br>neurons. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1348; Nat Genet 1993;4(2):160-4)",""],["Dyslexia",8545,0.0,"D004410","C10.597.606.150.500.300",2,"Description: A cognitive disorder characterized by an impaired<br>ability to comprehend written and printed words or phrases<br>despite intact vision. This condition may be developmental or<br>acquired. Developmental dyslexia is marked by reading achievement<br>that falls substantially below that expected given the<br>individual's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age-<br>appropriate education. The disturbance in reading significantly<br>interferes with academic achievement or with activities of daily<br>living that require reading skills. (From DSM-IV)",""],["Dyslexia",8418,0.0,"D004410","C10.597.606.150.550.200",1,"Description: A cognitive disorder characterized by an impaired<br>ability to comprehend written and printed words or phrases<br>despite intact vision. This condition may be developmental or<br>acquired. Developmental dyslexia is marked by reading achievement<br>that falls substantially below that expected given the<br>individual's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age-<br>appropriate education. The disturbance in reading significantly<br>interferes with academic achievement or with activities of daily<br>living that require reading skills. (From DSM-IV)",""],["Empty Sella Syndrome",761,0.0,"D004652","C10.228.140.617.738.200",0,"Description: A condition when the SELLA TURCICA is not filled<br>with pituitary tissue. The pituitary gland is either compressed,<br>atrophied, or removed. There are two types: (1) primary empty<br>sella is due a defect in the sella diaphragm leading to arachnoid<br>herniation into the sellar space; (2) secondary empty sella is<br>associated with the removal or treatment of PITUITARY NEOPLASMS.",""],["Encephalitis, Viral",25992,0.1,"D018792","C10.228.140.430.520.750",14,"Description: Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result<br>of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or<br>secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.",""],["Encephalitis, Arbovirus",13566,0.1,"D004671","C10.228.228.245.340.300",5,"Description: Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne<br>viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families<br>TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and<br>RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by<br>ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate<br>hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of<br>mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include<br>fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994<br>Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System,<br>10th ed, p321)",""],["Encephalitis, Arbovirus",13566,0.1,"D004671","C10.228.228.399.750.300",5,"Description: Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne<br>viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families<br>TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and<br>RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by<br>ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate<br>hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of<br>mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include<br>fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994<br>Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System,<br>10th ed, p321)",""],["Encephalitis, Arbovirus",13566,0.1,"D004671","C10.586.250.520.750.300",5,"Description: Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne<br>viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families<br>TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and<br>RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by<br>ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate<br>hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of<br>mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include<br>fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994<br>Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System,<br>10th ed, p321)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated",2363,0.0,"D004673","C10.228.140.695.562.225",1,"Description: An acute or subacute inflammatory process of the<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM characterized histologically by multiple<br>foci of perivascular demyelination. Symptom onset usually occurs<br>several days after an acute viral infection or immunization, but<br>it may coincide with the onset of infection or rarely no<br>antecedent event can be identified. Clinical manifestations<br>include CONFUSION, somnolence, FEVER, nuchal rigidity, and<br>involuntary movements. The illness may progress to COMA and<br>eventually be fatal. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p921)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental",10988,0.0,"D004681","C10.228.140.695.562.250",0,"Description: An experimental animal model for central nervous<br>system demyelinating disease. Inoculation with a white matter<br>emulsion combined with FREUND'S ADJUVANT, myelin basic protein,<br>or purified central myelin triggers a T cell-mediated immune<br>response directed towards central myelin. The pathologic features<br>are similar to MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, including perivascular and<br>periventricular foci of inflammation and demyelination. Subpial<br>demyelination underlying meningeal infiltrations also occurs,<br>which is also a feature of ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED.<br>Passive immunization with T-cells from an afflicted animal to a<br>normal animal also induces this condition. (From Immunol Res<br>1998;17(1-2):217-27; Raine CS, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd<br>ed, p604-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C10.228.228.245.340.450",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C10.228.228.399.750.450",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C10.586.250.520.750.450",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",377,0.0,"D004684","C10.228.140.695.562.375",0,"Description: A fulminant and often fatal demyelinating disease of<br>the brain which primarily affects young adults and children.<br>Clinical features include the rapid onset of weakness, SEIZURES,<br>and COMA. It may follow a viral illness or MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE<br>infections but in most instances there is no precipitating event.<br>Pathologic examination reveals marked perivascular demyelination<br>and necrosis of white matter with microhemorrhages. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp924-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C10.228.228.291.323.325",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic",2271,0.0,"D004830","C10.228.140.490.375.290",0,"Description: A generalized seizure disorder characterized by<br>recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is<br>marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the<br>trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor<br>contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation,<br>elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and<br>tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed<br>consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over<br>minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or<br>symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329)",""],["Epilepsies, Myoclonic",4975,0.0,"D004831","C10.228.140.490.375.130",5,"Description: A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes<br>characterized either by myoclonic seizures or by myoclonus in<br>association with other seizure types. Myoclonic epilepsy<br>syndromes are divided into three subtypes based on etiology:<br>familial, cryptogenic, and symptomatic.",""],["Epilepsies, Myoclonic",4975,0.0,"D004831","C10.228.140.490.493.063",5,"Description: A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes<br>characterized either by myoclonic seizures or by myoclonus in<br>association with other seizure types. Myoclonic epilepsy<br>syndromes are divided into three subtypes based on etiology:<br>familial, cryptogenic, and symptomatic.",""],["Epilepsy, Absence",3065,0.0,"D004832","C10.228.140.490.375.260",0,"Description: A seizure disorder usually occurring in childhood<br>characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of<br>generalized onset. Clinical features include a sudden cessation<br>of ongoing activity usually without loss of postural tone.<br>Rhythmic blinking of the eyelids or lip smacking frequently<br>accompanies the SEIZURES. The usual duration is 5-10 seconds, and<br>multiple episodes may occur daily. Juvenile absence epilepsy is<br>characterized by the juvenile onset of absence seizures and an<br>increased incidence of myoclonus and tonic-clonic seizures.<br>(Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p736)",""],["Epilepsy, Absence",3065,0.0,"D004832","C10.228.140.490.493.125",0,"Description: A seizure disorder usually occurring in childhood<br>characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of<br>generalized onset. Clinical features include a sudden cessation<br>of ongoing activity usually without loss of postural tone.<br>Rhythmic blinking of the eyelids or lip smacking frequently<br>accompanies the SEIZURES. The usual duration is 5-10 seconds, and<br>multiple episodes may occur daily. Juvenile absence epilepsy is<br>characterized by the juvenile onset of absence seizures and an<br>increased incidence of myoclonus and tonic-clonic seizures.<br>(Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p736)",""],["Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe",12642,0.1,"D004833","C10.228.140.490.360.290",0,"Description: A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy<br>characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within<br>the TEMPORAL LOBE, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide<br>variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including<br>illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective<br>experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see<br>EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes.<br>Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as<br>cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321).",""],["Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe",12642,0.1,"D004833","C10.228.140.490.493.375",0,"Description: A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy<br>characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within<br>the TEMPORAL LOBE, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide<br>variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including<br>illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective<br>experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see<br>EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes.<br>Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as<br>cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321).",""],["Eye Burns",2361,0.0,"D005126","C10.900.300.284.250.250",0,"Description: Injury to any part of the eye by extreme heat,<br>chemical agents, or ultraviolet radiation.",""],["Eye Foreign Bodies",3760,0.0,"D005129","C10.900.300.284.250.260",0,"Description: Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the eye.",""],["Fragile X Syndrome",5346,0.0,"D005600","C10.597.606.360.455.500",0,"Description: A condition characterized genotypically by mutation<br>of the distal end of the long arm of the X chromosome (at gene<br>loci FRAXA or FRAXE) and phenotypically by cognitive impairment,<br>hyperactivity, SEIZURES, language delay, and enlargement of the<br>ears, head, and testes. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY occurs in nearly<br>all males and roughly 50% of females with the full mutation of<br>FRAXA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p226)",""],["Friedreich Ataxia",2533,0.0,"D005621","C10.228.140.252.700.150",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood<br>onset, characterized pathologically by degeneration of the<br>spinocerebellar tracts, posterior columns, and to a lesser extent<br>the corticospinal tracts. Clinical manifestations include GAIT<br>ATAXIA, pes cavus, speech impairment, lateral curvature of spine,<br>rhythmic head tremor, kyphoscoliosis, congestive heart failure<br>(secondary to a cardiomyopathy), and lower extremity weakness.<br>Most forms of this condition are associated with a mutation in a<br>gene on chromosome 9, at band q13, which codes for the<br>mitochondrial protein frataxin. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1081; N Engl J Med 1996 Oct<br>17;335(16):1169-75) The severity of Friedreich ataxia associated<br>with expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin<br>gene correlates with the number of trinucleotide repeats. (From<br>Durr et al, N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75)",""],["Galactosemias",1893,0.0,"D005693","C10.228.140.163.100.320",0,"Description: A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which<br>feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This condition may<br>be associated with deficiencies of GALACTOKINASE; UDPGLUCOSE-<br>HEXOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; or UDPGLUCOSE<br>4-EPIMERASE. The classic form is caused by UDPglucose-<br>Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase deficiency, and presents<br>in infancy with FAILURE TO THRIVE; VOMITING; and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Affected individuals also may develop MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; JAUNDICE; hepatosplenomegaly; ovarian failure<br>(PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY); and cataracts. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp61-3)",""],["Gerstmann Syndrome",175,0.0,"D005862","C10.597.606.762.100.300",0,"Description: A disorder of cognition characterized by the tetrad<br>of finger agnosia, dysgraphia, DYSCALCULIA, and right-left<br>disorientation. The syndrome may be developmental or acquired.<br>Acquired Gerstmann syndrome is associated with lesions in the<br>dominant (usually left) PARIETAL LOBE which involve the angular<br>gyrus or subjacent white matter. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p457)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII",100,0.0,"D006014","C10.668.491.175.500.112",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive glycogen storage disease in<br>which there is deficient expression of 6-phosphofructose 1-kinase<br>in muscle (PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE-1, MUSCLE TYPE) resulting in<br>abnormal deposition of glycogen in muscle tissue. These patients<br>have severe congenital muscular dystrophy and are exercise<br>intolerant.",""],["Hartnup Disease",153,0.0,"D006250","C10.228.140.163.100.355",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective<br>absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the<br>PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN,<br>a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency,<br>PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional<br>instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the<br>neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.",""],["Hearing Loss, Bilateral",1671,0.0,"D006312","C10.597.751.418.341.374",0,"Description: Partial hearing loss in both ears.",""],["Hearing Loss, Sensorineural",25265,0.1,"D006319","C10.597.751.418.341.887",4,"Description: Hearing loss resulting from damage to the COCHLEA<br>and the sensorineural elements which lie internally beyond the<br>oval and round windows. These elements include the AUDITORY NERVE<br>and its connections in the BRAINSTEM.",""],["Hearing Loss, Conductive",2570,0.0,"D006314","C10.597.751.418.341.562",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to interference with the mechanical<br>reception or amplification of sound to the COCHLEA. The<br>interference is in the outer or middle ear involving the EAR<br>CANAL; TYMPANIC MEMBRANE; or EAR OSSICLES.",""],["Hearing Loss, Functional",190,0.0,"D006315","C10.597.751.418.341.750",0,"Description: Hearing loss without a physical basis. Often<br>observed in patients with psychological or behavioral disorders.",""],["Hearing Loss, High-Frequency",650,0.0,"D006316","C10.597.751.418.341.812",0,"Description: Hearing loss in frequencies above 1000 hertz.",""],["Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic",12205,0.1,"D020198","C10.228.140.300.535.450",9,"Description: Bleeding within the SKULL induced by penetrating and<br>nonpenetrating traumatic injuries, including hemorrhages into the<br>tissues of CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM; as well as into<br>the epidural, subdural and subarachnoid spaces of the MENINGES.",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.0,"D006527","C10.228.140.163.100.360",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Homocystinuria",1392,0.0,"D006712","C10.228.140.163.100.365",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine<br>metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-<br>SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma<br>and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus,<br>SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin<br>blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased<br>incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop<br>fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR<br>ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979)",""],["Huntington Disease",12805,0.1,"D006816","C10.228.662.262.249.750",0,"Description: A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal<br>dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive<br>CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common<br>initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control;<br>DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually<br>intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS;<br>and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops,<br>leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease<br>onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including<br>SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4)",""],["Hypothalamic Neoplasms",24690,0.1,"D007029","C10.228.140.211.885.500",2,"Description: Benign and malignant tumors of the HYPOTHALAMUS.<br>Pilocytic astrocytomas and hamartomas are relatively frequent<br>histologic types. Neoplasms of the hypothalamus frequently<br>originate from adjacent structures, including the OPTIC CHIASM,<br>optic nerve (see OPTIC NERVE NEOPLASMS), and pituitary gland (see<br>PITUITARY NEOPLASMS). Relatively frequent clinical manifestations<br>include visual loss, developmental delay, macrocephaly, and<br>precocious puberty. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2051)",""],["Hypothalamic Neoplasms",24690,0.1,"D007029","C10.551.240.250.700.500",2,"Description: Benign and malignant tumors of the HYPOTHALAMUS.<br>Pilocytic astrocytomas and hamartomas are relatively frequent<br>histologic types. Neoplasms of the hypothalamus frequently<br>originate from adjacent structures, including the OPTIC CHIASM,<br>optic nerve (see OPTIC NERVE NEOPLASMS), and pituitary gland (see<br>PITUITARY NEOPLASMS). Relatively frequent clinical manifestations<br>include visual loss, developmental delay, macrocephaly, and<br>precocious puberty. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2051)",""],["Inappropriate ADH Syndrome",2181,0.0,"D007177","C10.228.140.617.738.320",0,"Description: A condition of HYPONATREMIA and renal salt loss<br>attributed to overexpansion of BODY FLUIDS resulting from<br>sustained release of ANTIDIURETIC HORMONES which stimulates renal<br>resorption of water. It is characterized by normal KIDNEY<br>function, high urine OSMOLALITY, low serum osmolality, and<br>neurological dysfunction. Etiologies include ADH-producing<br>neoplasms, injuries or diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS, the<br>PITUITARY GLAND, and the LUNG. This syndrome can also be drug-<br>induced.",""],["Jaw Fractures",7768,0.0,"D007572","C10.900.300.284.500.400",2,"Description: Fractures of the upper or lower jaw.",""],["Kearns-Sayre Syndrome",616,0.0,"D007625","C10.292.562.750.250.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of<br>chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardiomyopathy<br>(CARDIOMYOPATHIES) with conduction block (HEART BLOCK), and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Disease onset is in the first or second<br>decade. Elevated CSF protein, sensorineural deafness, seizures,<br>and pyramidal signs may also be present. Ragged-red fibers are<br>found on muscle biopsy. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p984)",""],["Kearns-Sayre Syndrome",616,0.0,"D007625","C10.597.622.447.511.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of<br>chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardiomyopathy<br>(CARDIOMYOPATHIES) with conduction block (HEART BLOCK), and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Disease onset is in the first or second<br>decade. Elevated CSF protein, sensorineural deafness, seizures,<br>and pyramidal signs may also be present. Ragged-red fibers are<br>found on muscle biopsy. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p984)",""],["Kearns-Sayre Syndrome",616,0.0,"D007625","C10.668.491.500.700.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of<br>chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardiomyopathy<br>(CARDIOMYOPATHIES) with conduction block (HEART BLOCK), and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Disease onset is in the first or second<br>decade. Elevated CSF protein, sensorineural deafness, seizures,<br>and pyramidal signs may also be present. Ragged-red fibers are<br>found on muscle biopsy. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p984)",""],["Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome",881,0.0,"D007706","C10.228.140.163.100.540",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of copper metabolism<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the<br>infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia,<br>SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and<br>severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper<br>transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes<br>results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several<br>copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE;<br>CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes<br>include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis.<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)",""],["Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome",881,0.0,"D007706","C10.597.606.360.455.687",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of copper metabolism<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the<br>infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia,<br>SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and<br>severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper<br>transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes<br>results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several<br>copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE;<br>CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes<br>include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis.<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)",""],["Leigh Disease",1117,0.0,"D007888","C10.228.140.163.100.412",0,"Description: A group of metabolic disorders primarily of infancy<br>characterized by the subacute onset of psychomotor retardation,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, weakness, vision loss, eye movement<br>abnormalities, seizures, dysphagia, and lactic acidosis.<br>Pathological features include spongy degeneration of the<br>neuropile of the basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem, and spinal<br>cord. Patterns of inheritance include X-linked recessive,<br>autosomal recessive, and mitochondrial. Leigh disease has been<br>associated with mutations in genes for the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE<br>COMPLEX; CYTOCHROME-C OXIDASE; ATP synthase subunit 6; and<br>subunits of mitochondrial complex I. (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, p850).",""],["Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome",920,0.0,"D007926","C10.228.140.163.100.425",0,"Description: An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked<br>trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine<br>metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected<br>individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop<br>psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders,<br>progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors<br>such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently.<br>Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not<br>severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the<br>development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)",""],["Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome",920,0.0,"D007926","C10.597.606.360.455.625",0,"Description: An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked<br>trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine<br>metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected<br>individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop<br>psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders,<br>progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors<br>such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently.<br>Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not<br>severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the<br>development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C10.228.140.695.625.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C10.228.140.695.625.550",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C10.228.228.245.340.500",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C10.228.228.399.750.500",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C10.586.250.520.750.500",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis",1772,0.0,"D008216","C10.228.228.245.500.500",0,"Description: A form of meningitis caused by LYMPHOCYTIC<br>CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS. MICE and other rodents serve as the<br>natural hosts, and infection in humans usually occurs through<br>inhalation or ingestion of infectious particles. Clinical<br>manifestations include an influenza-like syndrome followed by<br>stiff neck, alterations of mentation, ATAXIA, and incontinence.<br>Maternal infections may result in fetal malformations and injury,<br>including neonatal HYDROCEPHALUS, aqueductal stenosis,<br>CHORIORETINITIS, and MICROCEPHALY. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)",""],["Mandibular Injuries",835,0.0,"D008338","C10.900.300.284.500.500",0,"Description: Injuries to the lower jaw bone.",""],["Maple Syrup Urine Disease",1024,0.0,"D008375","C10.228.140.163.100.520",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder with<br>multiple forms of phenotypic expression, caused by a defect in<br>the oxidative decarboxylation of branched-chain amino acids<br>(AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-CHAIN). These metabolites accumulate in<br>body fluids and render a \"maple syrup\" odor. The disease is<br>divided into classic, intermediate, intermittent, and thiamine<br>responsive subtypes. The classic form presents in the first week<br>of life with ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, emesis, neonatal<br>seizures, and hypertonia. The intermediate and intermittent forms<br>present in childhood or later with acute episodes of ataxia and<br>vomiting. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p936)",""],["Meningitis, Haemophilus",1618,0.0,"D008583","C10.228.228.180.500.425",0,"Description: Infections of the nervous system caused by bacteria<br>of the genus HAEMOPHILUS, and marked by prominent inflammation of<br>the MENINGES. HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B is the most common<br>causative organism. The condition primarily affects children<br>under 6 years of age but may occur in adults.",""],["Meningitis, Listeria",692,0.0,"D008584","C10.228.228.180.500.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the meninges caused by LISTERIA<br>MONOCYTOGENES infection, usually occurring in individuals under<br>the age of 3 years or over the age of 50 years. It may occur at<br>any age in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES.<br>Clinical manifestations include FEVER, altered mentation,<br>HEADACHE, meningeal signs, focal neurologic signs, and SEIZURES.<br>(From Medicine 1998 Sep;77(5):313-36)",""],["Meningitis, Meningococcal",4703,0.0,"D008585","C10.228.228.180.500.750",1,"Description: A fulminant infection of the meninges and<br>subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS,<br>producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous<br>thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal<br>rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor,<br>focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism<br>is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a<br>leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults.<br>Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and<br>W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr<br>1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)",""],["Meningitis, Pneumococcal",2777,0.0,"D008586","C10.228.228.180.500.875",0,"Description: An acute purulent infection of the meninges and<br>subarachnoid space caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, most<br>prevalent in children and adults over the age of 60. This illness<br>may be associated with OTITIS MEDIA; MASTOIDITIS; SINUSITIS;<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; sickle cell disease (ANEMIA, SICKLE<br>CELL); skull fractures; and other disorders. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; neck stiffness; and<br>somnolence followed by SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits<br>(notably DEAFNESS); and COMA. (From Miller et al., Merritt's<br>Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p111)",""],["Migraine Disorders",30215,0.1,"D008881","C10.228.140.546.399.750",4,"Description: A class of disabling primary headache disorders,<br>characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The<br>two major subtypes are common migraine (without aura) and classic<br>migraine (with aura or neurological symptoms). (International<br>Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004:<br>suppl 1)",""],["Moyamoya Disease",4195,0.0,"D009072","C10.228.140.300.200.600",0,"Description: A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the<br>intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike<br>collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral<br>angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the<br>base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA<br>and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease<br>primarily affects children but can also occur in adults.",""],["Myotonic Dystrophy",5442,0.0,"D009223","C10.668.491.175.500.500",0,"Description: Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE<br>MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies.<br>Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal<br>TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of<br>DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA<br>REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is<br>associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2.",""],["Pituitary Neoplasms",27810,0.1,"D010911","C10.228.140.617.738.675",4,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the<br>PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are<br>adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting<br>forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type<br>of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be<br>characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA,<br>BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE).<br>Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the<br>HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM.<br>Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.",""],["Neurofibroma",3964,0.0,"D009455","C10.668.829.725.500.600",2,"Description: A moderately firm, benign, encapsulated tumor<br>resulting from proliferation of SCHWANN CELLS and FIBROBLASTS<br>that includes portions of nerve fibers. The tumors usually<br>develop along peripheral or cranial nerves and are a central<br>feature of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1, where they may occur<br>intracranially or involve spinal roots. Pathologic features<br>include fusiform enlargement of the involved nerve. Microscopic<br>examination reveals a disorganized and loose cellular pattern<br>with elongated nuclei intermixed with fibrous strands. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1016)",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C10.228.140.163.100.640",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies",587,0.0,"D009849","C10.228.140.079.612.600",0,"Description: A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which<br>share progressive ataxia in combination with atrophy of the<br>CEREBELLUM; PONS; and inferior olivary nuclei. Additional<br>clinical features may include MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS,<br>PATHOLOGIC; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA;<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; and OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. The familial form has<br>an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord<br>atrophy. The sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth<br>decade, and is considered a clinical subtype of MULTIPLE SYSTEM<br>ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1085)",""],["Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies",587,0.0,"D009849","C10.228.140.252.700.650",0,"Description: A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which<br>share progressive ataxia in combination with atrophy of the<br>CEREBELLUM; PONS; and inferior olivary nuclei. Additional<br>clinical features may include MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS,<br>PATHOLOGIC; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA;<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; and OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. The familial form has<br>an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord<br>atrophy. The sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth<br>decade, and is considered a clinical subtype of MULTIPLE SYSTEM<br>ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1085)",""],["Orbital Fractures",3149,0.0,"D009917","C10.900.300.284.500.550",0,"Description: Fractures of the bones in the orbit, which include<br>parts of the frontal, ethmoidal, lacrimal, and sphenoid bones and<br>the maxilla and zygoma.",""],["Parkinson Disease",75652,0.3,"D010300","C10.228.140.079.862.500",0,"Description: A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease<br>characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion<br>(i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture,<br>slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial<br>expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin<br>containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented<br>nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the<br>substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a<br>related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by<br>dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)",""],["Parkinson Disease, Secondary",5750,0.0,"D010302","C10.228.140.079.862.800",2,"Description: Conditions which feature clinical manifestations<br>resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known<br>or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by<br>vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms,<br>infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical<br>features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait,<br>and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in<br>secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42)",""],["Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic",276,0.0,"D010301","C10.228.662.600.700.500",0,"Description: Parkinsonism following encephalitis, historically<br>seen as a sequella of encephalitis lethargica (Von Economo<br>Encephalitis). The early age of onset, the rapid progression of<br>symptoms followed by stabilization, and the presence of a variety<br>of other neurological disorders (e.g., sociopathic behavior;<br>TICS; MUSCLE SPASMS; oculogyric crises; hyperphagia; and bizarre<br>movements) distinguish this condition from primary PARKINSON<br>DISEASE. Pathologic features include neuronal loss and gliosis<br>concentrated in the MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMUS; and HYPOTHALAMUS.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p754)",""],["Phenylketonurias",6570,0.0,"D010661","C10.228.140.163.100.687",1,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a<br>deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE or<br>less frequently by reduced activity of DIHYDROPTERIDINE REDUCTASE<br>(i.e., atypical phenylketonuria). Classical phenylketonuria is<br>caused by a severe deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase and<br>presents in infancy with developmental delay; SEIZURES; skin<br>HYPOPIGMENTATION; ECZEMA; and demyelination in the central<br>nervous system. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p952).",""],["Sleep Apnea, Obstructive",27072,0.1,"D020181","C10.886.425.800.750.850",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during<br>sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper<br>airway obstruction. The respiratory pauses may induce HYPERCAPNIA<br>or HYPOXIA. Cardiac arrhythmias and elevation of systemic and<br>pulmonary arterial pressures may occur. Frequent partial arousals<br>occur throughout sleep, resulting in relative SLEEP DEPRIVATION<br>and daytime tiredness. Associated conditions include OBESITY;<br>ACROMEGALY; MYXEDEMA; micrognathia; MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY;<br>adenotonsilar dystrophy; and NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p395)",""],["Pituitary Apoplexy",893,0.0,"D010899","C10.228.140.300.535.625",0,"Description: The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY<br>GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of function<br>(PANHYPOPITUITARISM). The most common cause is hemorrhage or<br>INFARCTION of a PITUITARY ADENOMA. It can also result from acute<br>hemorrhage into SELLA TURCICA due to HEAD TRAUMA; INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION; or other acute effects of central nervous system<br>hemorrhage. Clinical signs include severe HEADACHE; HYPOTENSION;<br>bilateral visual disturbances; UNCONSCIOUSNESS; and COMA.",""],["Pituitary Apoplexy",893,0.0,"D010899","C10.228.140.617.738.350",0,"Description: The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY<br>GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of function<br>(PANHYPOPITUITARISM). The most common cause is hemorrhage or<br>INFARCTION of a PITUITARY ADENOMA. It can also result from acute<br>hemorrhage into SELLA TURCICA due to HEAD TRAUMA; INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION; or other acute effects of central nervous system<br>hemorrhage. Clinical signs include severe HEADACHE; HYPOTENSION;<br>bilateral visual disturbances; UNCONSCIOUSNESS; and COMA.",""],["Pituitary Neoplasms",24018,0.1,"D010911","C10.228.140.617.477.600",0,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the<br>PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are<br>adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting<br>forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type<br>of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be<br>characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA,<br>BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE).<br>Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the<br>HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM.<br>Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.",""],["Poliomyelitis, Bulbar",880,0.0,"D011052","C10.228.228.618.750.500",0,"Description: A form of paralytic poliomyelitis affecting neurons<br>of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the brain stem. Clinical features<br>include impaired respiration, HYPERTENSION, alterations of<br>vasomotor control, and dysphagia. Weakness and atrophy of the<br>limbs and trunk due to spinal cord involvement is usually<br>associated. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p765)",""],["Poliomyelitis, Bulbar",880,0.0,"D011052","C10.228.854.525.850.500",0,"Description: A form of paralytic poliomyelitis affecting neurons<br>of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the brain stem. Clinical features<br>include impaired respiration, HYPERTENSION, alterations of<br>vasomotor control, and dysphagia. Weakness and atrophy of the<br>limbs and trunk due to spinal cord involvement is usually<br>associated. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p765)",""],["Polyradiculopathy",2187,0.0,"D011128","C10.668.829.800.750.700",0,"Description: Disease or injury involving multiple SPINAL NERVE<br>ROOTS. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of multiple spinal<br>nerve roots.",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C10.228.140.163.100.813",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C10.668.829.800.300.780",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Sciatica",4075,0.0,"D012585","C10.668.829.500.675.800",0,"Description: A condition characterized by pain radiating from the<br>back into the buttock and posterior/lateral aspects of the leg.<br>Sciatica may be a manifestation of SCIATIC NEUROPATHY;<br>RADICULOPATHY (involving the SPINAL NERVE ROOTS; L4, L5, S1, or<br>S2, often associated with INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT); or<br>lesions of the CAUDA EQUINA.",""],["Shy-Drager Syndrome",435,0.0,"D012791","C10.228.140.079.612.700",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative condition of the<br>central and autonomic nervous systems characterized by atrophy of<br>the preganglionic lateral horn neurons of the thoracic spinal<br>cord. This disease is generally considered a clinical variant of<br>MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. Affected individuals present in the<br>fifth or sixth decade with ORTHOSTASIS and bladder dysfunction;<br>and later develop FECAL INCONTINENCE; anhidrosis; ATAXIA;<br>IMPOTENCE; and alterations of tone suggestive of basal ganglia<br>dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p536)",""],["Intracranial Thrombosis",6999,0.0,"D020767","C10.228.140.300.525.425",4,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>a blood vessel within the SKULL. Intracranial thrombosis can lead<br>to thrombotic occlusions and BRAIN INFARCTION. The majority of<br>the thrombotic occlusions are associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS.",""],["Spasms, Infantile",3655,0.0,"D013036","C10.228.140.490.375.760",0,"Description: An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of psychomotor<br>development at seizure onset. The majority present between 3-12<br>months of age, with spasms consisting of combinations of brief<br>flexor or extensor movements of the head, trunk, and limbs. The<br>condition is divided into two forms: cryptogenic (idiopathic) and<br>symptomatic (secondary to a known disease process such as<br>intrauterine infections; nervous system abnormalities; BRAIN<br>DISEASES, METABOLIC, INBORN; prematurity; perinatal asphyxia;<br>TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; etc.). (From Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp744-8)",""],["Spasms, Infantile",3655,0.0,"D013036","C10.228.140.490.493.875",0,"Description: An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of psychomotor<br>development at seizure onset. The majority present between 3-12<br>months of age, with spasms consisting of combinations of brief<br>flexor or extensor movements of the head, trunk, and limbs. The<br>condition is divided into two forms: cryptogenic (idiopathic) and<br>symptomatic (secondary to a known disease process such as<br>intrauterine infections; nervous system abnormalities; BRAIN<br>DISEASES, METABOLIC, INBORN; prematurity; perinatal asphyxia;<br>TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; etc.). (From Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp744-8)",""],["Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis",2058,0.0,"D013344","C10.228.228.245.340.600",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by<br>chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The condition occurs<br>primarily in children and young adults, approximately 2-8 years<br>after the initial infection. A gradual decline in intellectual<br>abilities and behavioral alterations are followed by progressive<br>MYOCLONUS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; autonomic<br>dysfunction; and ATAXIA. DEATH usually occurs 1-3 years after<br>disease onset. Pathologic features include perivascular cuffing,<br>eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, neurophagia, and fibrous<br>gliosis. It is caused by the SSPE virus, which is a defective<br>variant of MEASLES VIRUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp767-8)",""],["Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis",2058,0.0,"D013344","C10.228.228.399.750.600",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by<br>chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The condition occurs<br>primarily in children and young adults, approximately 2-8 years<br>after the initial infection. A gradual decline in intellectual<br>abilities and behavioral alterations are followed by progressive<br>MYOCLONUS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; autonomic<br>dysfunction; and ATAXIA. DEATH usually occurs 1-3 years after<br>disease onset. Pathologic features include perivascular cuffing,<br>eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, neurophagia, and fibrous<br>gliosis. It is caused by the SSPE virus, which is a defective<br>variant of MEASLES VIRUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp767-8)",""],["Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis",2058,0.0,"D013344","C10.586.250.520.750.600",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by<br>chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The condition occurs<br>primarily in children and young adults, approximately 2-8 years<br>after the initial infection. A gradual decline in intellectual<br>abilities and behavioral alterations are followed by progressive<br>MYOCLONUS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; autonomic<br>dysfunction; and ATAXIA. DEATH usually occurs 1-3 years after<br>disease onset. Pathologic features include perivascular cuffing,<br>eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, neurophagia, and fibrous<br>gliosis. It is caused by the SSPE virus, which is a defective<br>variant of MEASLES VIRUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp767-8)",""],["Subarachnoid Hemorrhage",19776,0.1,"D013345","C10.228.140.300.535.800",1,"Description: Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal<br>SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM<br>rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID<br>HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE;<br>NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits<br>and reduced mental status.",""],["Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency",4838,0.0,"D014715","C10.228.140.300.150.956",1,"Description: Localized or diffuse reduction in blood flow through<br>the vertebrobasilar arterial system, which supplies the BRAIN<br>STEM; CEREBELLUM; OCCIPITAL LOBE; medial TEMPORAL LOBE; and<br>THALAMUS. Characteristic clinical features include SYNCOPE;<br>lightheadedness; visual disturbances; and VERTIGO. BRAIN STEM<br>INFARCTIONS or other BRAIN INFARCTION may be associated.",""],["Syncope",10703,0.0,"D013575","C10.597.606.358.800.600",1,"Description: A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone<br>caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN<br>ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness<br>and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or<br>accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9)",""],["Tabes Dorsalis",544,0.0,"D013606","C10.228.228.180.600.800",0,"Description: Parenchymatous NEUROSYPHILIS marked by slowly<br>progressive degeneration of the posterior columns, posterior<br>roots, and ganglia of the spinal cord. The condition tends to<br>present 15 to 20 years after the initial infection and is<br>characterized by lightening-like pains in the lower extremities,<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; ATAXIA; severely impaired position and<br>vibratory sense, abnormal gait (see GAIT DISORDERS, NEUROLOGIC),<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; Argyll-Robertson pupils, hypotonia, hyperreflexia,<br>and trophic joint degeneration (Charcot's Joint; see ARTHROPATHY,<br>NEUROGENIC). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p726)",""],["Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome",551,0.0,"D013641","C10.668.829.500.700.800",0,"Description: Entrapment of the distal branches of the posterior<br>TIBIAL NERVE (which divides into the medial plantar, lateral<br>plantar, and calcanial nerves) in the tarsal tunnel, which lies<br>posterior to the internal malleolus and beneath the retinaculum<br>of the flexor muscles of the foot. Symptoms include ankle pain<br>radiating into the foot which tends to be aggravated by walking.<br>Examination may reveal Tinel's sign (radiating pain following<br>nerve percussion) over the tibial nerve at the ankle, weakness<br>and atrophy of the small foot muscles, or loss of sensation in<br>the foot. (From Foot Ankle 1990;11(1):47-52)",""],["Giant Cell Arteritis",7230,0.0,"D013700","C10.228.140.300.850.500",0,"Description: A systemic autoimmune disorder that typically<br>affects medium and large ARTERIES, usually leading to occlusive<br>granulomatous vasculitis with transmural infiltrate containing<br>multinucleated GIANT CELLS. The TEMPORAL ARTERY is commonly<br>involved. This disorder appears primarily in people over the age<br>of 50. Symptoms include FEVER; FATIGUE; HEADACHE; visual<br>impairment; pain in the jaw and tongue; and aggravation of pain<br>by cold temperatures. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed)",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Congenital",2330,0.0,"D014125","C10.228.228.205.300.900",0,"Description: Prenatal protozoal infection with TOXOPLASMA gondii<br>which is associated with injury to the developing fetal nervous<br>system. The severity of this condition is related to the stage of<br>pregnancy during which the infection occurs; first trimester<br>infections are associated with a greater degree of neurologic<br>dysfunction. Clinical features include HYDROCEPHALUS;<br>MICROCEPHALY; deafness; cerebral calcifications; SEIZURES; and<br>psychomotor retardation. Signs of a systemic infection may also<br>be present at birth, including fever, rash, and<br>hepatosplenomegaly. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p735)",""],["Trigeminal Neuralgia",6644,0.0,"D014277","C10.292.319.625.700.700",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of<br>excruciating pain lasting several seconds or longer in the<br>sensory distribution of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. Pain may be<br>initiated by stimulation of trigger points on the face, lips, or<br>gums or by movement of facial muscles or chewing. Associated<br>conditions include MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, vascular anomalies,<br>ANEURYSMS, and neoplasms. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p187)",""],["Tuberculosis, Meningeal",6939,0.0,"D014390","C10.228.228.180.500.937",0,"Description: A form of bacterial meningitis caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The<br>organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which<br>subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute,<br>with progressions occurring over a period of several days or<br>longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by<br>SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits,<br>somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in<br>immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency<br>syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp717-9)",""],["Tuberculosis, Meningeal",6939,0.0,"D014390","C10.228.228.180.850.800",0,"Description: A form of bacterial meningitis caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The<br>organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which<br>subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute,<br>with progressions occurring over a period of several days or<br>longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by<br>SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits,<br>somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in<br>immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency<br>syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp717-9)",""],["Vascular Headaches",918,0.0,"D014653","C10.228.140.546.699.500",0,"Description: Secondary headache disorders attributed to a variety<br>of cranial or cervical vascular disorders, such as BRAIN<br>ISCHEMIA; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; and CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM<br>VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS.",""],["Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome",403,0.0,"D014884","C10.586.625.280.505.904",0,"Description: A condition of HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS of the<br>ADRENAL GLAND. It is characterized by rapidly developing ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTENSION; and widespread cutaneous PURPURA.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C10.292.700.225.500.980",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Deaf-Blind Disorders",1286,0.0,"D054062","C10.597.751.941.162.625",2,"Description: The absence of both hearing and vision.",""],["Zygomatic Fractures",1302,0.0,"D015051","C10.900.300.284.500.950",0,"Description: Fractures of the zygoma.",""],["Dementia, Multi-Infarct",789,0.0,"D015161","C10.228.140.300.400.408",0,"Description: Loss of higher cortical functions with retained<br>awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Memory, judgment, attention span, and impulse control<br>are often impaired, and may be accompanied by PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY;<br>HEMIPARESIS; reflex abnormalities, and other signs of localized<br>neurologic dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1060)",""],["Dementia, Multi-Infarct",789,0.0,"D015161","C10.228.140.380.230.250",0,"Description: Loss of higher cortical functions with retained<br>awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Memory, judgment, attention span, and impulse control<br>are often impaired, and may be accompanied by PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY;<br>HEMIPARESIS; reflex abnormalities, and other signs of localized<br>neurologic dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1060)",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C10.228.140.163.100.968",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease",99,0.0,"D015324","C10.228.140.163.100.725",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activity, the enzyme<br>that regulates gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and neurotransmitter<br>synthesis. Clinical manifestations include lactic acidosis,<br>seizures, respiratory distress, marked psychomotor delay,<br>periodic HYPOGLYCEMIA, and hypotonia. The clinical course may be<br>similar to LEIGH DISEASE. (From Am J Hum Genet 1998<br>Jun;62(6):1312-9)",""],["Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease",340,0.0,"D015325","C10.228.140.163.100.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient<br>enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX, resulting<br>in deficiency of acetyl CoA and reduced synthesis of<br>acetylcholine. Two clinical forms are recognized: neonatal and<br>juvenile. The neonatal form is a relatively common cause of<br>lactic acidosis in the first weeks of life and may also feature<br>an erythematous rash. The juvenile form presents with lactic<br>acidosis, alopecia, intermittent ATAXIA; SEIZURES; and an<br>erythematous rash. (From J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(4):452-62)<br>Autosomal recessive and X-linked forms are caused by mutations in<br>the genes for the three different enzyme components of this<br>multisubunit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. One of the mutations<br>at Xp22.2-p22.1 in the gene for the E1 alpha component of the<br>complex leads to LEIGH DISEASE.",""],["Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease",340,0.0,"D015325","C10.597.606.360.455.875",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient<br>enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX, resulting<br>in deficiency of acetyl CoA and reduced synthesis of<br>acetylcholine. Two clinical forms are recognized: neonatal and<br>juvenile. The neonatal form is a relatively common cause of<br>lactic acidosis in the first weeks of life and may also feature<br>an erythematous rash. The juvenile form presents with lactic<br>acidosis, alopecia, intermittent ATAXIA; SEIZURES; and an<br>erythematous rash. (From J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(4):452-62)<br>Autosomal recessive and X-linked forms are caused by mutations in<br>the genes for the three different enzyme components of this<br>multisubunit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. One of the mutations<br>at Xp22.2-p22.1 in the gene for the E1 alpha component of the<br>complex leads to LEIGH DISEASE.",""],["Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary",1761,0.0,"D015419","C10.668.829.800.300.820",0,"Description: A group of inherited diseases that share similar<br>phenotypes but are genetically diverse. Different genetic loci<br>for autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and x-linked forms<br>of hereditary spastic paraplegia have been identified.<br>Clinically, patients present with slowly progressive distal limb<br>weakness and lower extremity spasticity. Peripheral sensory<br>neurons may be affected in the later stages of the disease. (J<br>Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Jan;64(1):61-6; Curr Opin Neurol<br>1997 Aug;10(4):313-8)",""],["Rett Syndrome",2901,0.0,"D015518","C10.597.606.360.455.937",0,"Description: An inherited neurological developmental disorder<br>that is associated with X-LINKED INHERITANCE and may be lethal in<br>utero to hemizygous males. The affected female is normal until<br>the age of 6-25 months when progressive loss of voluntary control<br>of hand movements and communication skills; ATAXIA; SEIZURES;<br>autistic behavior; intermittent HYPERVENTILATION; and<br>HYPERAMMONEMIA appear. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p199)",""],["Eye Injuries, Penetrating",2533,0.0,"D015807","C10.900.300.284.250.270",0,"Description: Deeply perforating or puncturing type intraocular<br>injuries.",""],["Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome",914,0.0,"D016262","C10.228.228.618.750.750",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular<br>symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability<br>has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic<br>poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness<br>and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and<br>muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint<br>pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow<br>progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci<br>1995 May 25;753:68-80)",""],["Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome",914,0.0,"D016262","C10.228.854.525.850.750",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular<br>symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability<br>has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic<br>poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness<br>and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and<br>muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint<br>pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow<br>progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci<br>1995 May 25;753:68-80)",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis II",1142,0.0,"D016532","C10.597.606.360.455.750",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease marked by<br>progressive physical deterioration and caused by a deficiency of<br>L-sulfoiduronate sulfatase. This disease differs from<br>MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS I by slower progression, lack of corneal<br>clouding, and X-linked rather than autosomal recessive<br>inheritance. The mild form produces near-normal intelligence and<br>life span. The severe form usually causes death by age 15.",""],["Choroid Plexus Neoplasms",1029,0.0,"D016545","C10.228.140.211.280.300",1,"Description: Benign or malignant tumors which arise from the<br>choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain. Papillomas (see<br>PAPILLOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS) and carcinomas are the most common<br>histologic subtypes, and tend to seed throughout the ventricular<br>and subarachnoid spaces. Clinical features include headaches,<br>ataxia and alterations of consciousness, primarily resulting from<br>associated HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles<br>and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2072; J Neurosurg 1998<br>Mar;88(3):521-8)",""],["Choroid Plexus Neoplasms",1029,0.0,"D016545","C10.551.240.250.200.200",1,"Description: Benign or malignant tumors which arise from the<br>choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain. Papillomas (see<br>PAPILLOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS) and carcinomas are the most common<br>histologic subtypes, and tend to seed throughout the ventricular<br>and subarachnoid spaces. Clinical features include headaches,<br>ataxia and alterations of consciousness, primarily resulting from<br>associated HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles<br>and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2072; J Neurosurg 1998<br>Mar;88(3):521-8)",""],["Malaria, Cerebral",2124,0.0,"D016779","C10.228.228.205.300.500",0,"Description: A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in<br>the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM<br>(and rarely other Plasmodium species). Initial clinical<br>manifestations include HEADACHES; SEIZURES; and alterations of<br>mentation followed by a rapid progression to COMA. Pathologic<br>features include cerebral capillaries filled with parasitized<br>erythrocytes and multiple small foci of cortical and subcortical<br>necrosis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p136)",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral",1150,0.0,"D016781","C10.228.228.205.300.800",0,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan<br>TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individuals with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (see also AIDS-RELATED<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS). The infection may involve the brain<br>diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations<br>include SEIZURES, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3)",""],["Tuberculoma, Intracranial",716,0.0,"D016862","C10.228.228.180.850.400",0,"Description: A well-circumscribed mass composed of tuberculous<br>granulation tissue that may occur in the cerebral hemispheres,<br>cerebellum, brain stem, or perimeningeal spaces. Multiple lesions<br>are quite common. Management of intracranial manifestations vary<br>with lesion site. Intracranial tuberculomas may be associated<br>with SEIZURES, focal neurologic deficits, and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Spinal cord tuberculomas may be associated with<br>localized or radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. Tuberculomas may arise as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS,<br>but also occur in immunocompetent individuals.",""],["Carotid Stenosis",16471,0.1,"D016893","C10.228.140.300.200.360",0,"Description: Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID<br>ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation.<br>Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce<br>THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from<br>stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;<br>CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS<br>FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp<br>822-3)",""],["Meningitis, Cryptococcal",2132,0.0,"D016919","C10.228.228.198.500.500",0,"Description: Meningeal inflammation produced by CRYPTOCOCCUS<br>NEOFORMANS, an encapsulated yeast that tends to infect<br>individuals with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other<br>immunocompromised states. The organism enters the body through<br>the respiratory tract, but symptomatic infections are usually<br>limited to the lungs and nervous system. The organism may also<br>produce parenchymal brain lesions (torulomas). Clinically, the<br>course is subacute and may feature HEADACHE; NAUSEA; PHOTOPHOBIA;<br>focal neurologic deficits; SEIZURES; cranial neuropathies; and<br>HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp721-2)",""],["Epilepsy, Complex Partial",1238,0.0,"D017029","C10.228.140.490.360.260",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by recurrent partial<br>seizures marked by impairment of cognition. During the seizure<br>the individual may experience a wide variety of psychic<br>phenomenon including formed hallucinations, illusions, deja vu,<br>intense emotional feelings, confusion, and spatial<br>disorientation. Focal motor activity, sensory alterations and<br>AUTOMATISM may also occur. Complex partial seizures often<br>originate from foci in one or both temporal lobes. The etiology<br>may be idiopathic (cryptogenic partial complex epilepsy) or occur<br>as a secondary manifestation of a focal cortical lesion<br>(symptomatic partial complex epilepsy). (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp317-8)",""],["Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe",1187,0.0,"D017034","C10.228.140.490.360.270",0,"Description: A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy<br>characterized by seizures which arise in the FRONTAL LOBE.",""],["Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe",1187,0.0,"D017034","C10.228.140.490.493.188",0,"Description: A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy<br>characterized by seizures which arise in the FRONTAL LOBE.",""],["MELAS Syndrome",1350,0.0,"D017241","C10.228.140.163.100.535",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or<br>generalized seizures, episodes of transient or persistent<br>neurologic dysfunction resembling strokes, and ragged-red fibers<br>on muscle biopsy. Affected individuals tend to be normal at birth<br>through early childhood, then experience growth failure, episodic<br>vomiting, and recurrent cerebral insults resulting in visual loss<br>and hemiparesis. The cortical lesions tend to occur in the<br>parietal and occipital lobes and are not associated with vascular<br>occlusion. VASCULAR HEADACHE is frequently associated and the<br>disorder tends to be familial. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, p117)",""],["MELAS Syndrome",1350,0.0,"D017241","C10.228.140.300.275.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or<br>generalized seizures, episodes of transient or persistent<br>neurologic dysfunction resembling strokes, and ragged-red fibers<br>on muscle biopsy. Affected individuals tend to be normal at birth<br>through early childhood, then experience growth failure, episodic<br>vomiting, and recurrent cerebral insults resulting in visual loss<br>and hemiparesis. The cortical lesions tend to occur in the<br>parietal and occipital lobes and are not associated with vascular<br>occlusion. VASCULAR HEADACHE is frequently associated and the<br>disorder tends to be familial. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, p117)",""],["MELAS Syndrome",1350,0.0,"D017241","C10.668.491.500.500.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or<br>generalized seizures, episodes of transient or persistent<br>neurologic dysfunction resembling strokes, and ragged-red fibers<br>on muscle biopsy. Affected individuals tend to be normal at birth<br>through early childhood, then experience growth failure, episodic<br>vomiting, and recurrent cerebral insults resulting in visual loss<br>and hemiparesis. The cortical lesions tend to occur in the<br>parietal and occipital lobes and are not associated with vascular<br>occlusion. VASCULAR HEADACHE is frequently associated and the<br>disorder tends to be familial. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, p117)",""],["MERRF Syndrome",296,0.0,"D017243","C10.228.140.163.100.545",0,"Description: A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized<br>clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, progressive<br>ataxia, spasticity, and a mild myopathy. Dysarthria, optic<br>atrophy, growth retardation, deafness, and dementia may also<br>occur. This condition tends to present in childhood and to be<br>transmitted via maternal lineage. Muscle biopsies reveal ragged-<br>red fibers and respiratory chain enzymatic defects. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p986)",""],["MERRF Syndrome",296,0.0,"D017243","C10.668.491.500.500.550",0,"Description: A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized<br>clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, progressive<br>ataxia, spasticity, and a mild myopathy. Dysarthria, optic<br>atrophy, growth retardation, deafness, and dementia may also<br>occur. This condition tends to present in childhood and to be<br>transmitted via maternal lineage. Muscle biopsies reveal ragged-<br>red fibers and respiratory chain enzymatic defects. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p986)",""],["Kleine-Levin Syndrome",277,0.0,"D017593","C10.886.425.800.200.500",0,"Description: A rare condition characterized by recurrent<br>hypersomnias associated with hyperphagia, occurring primarily in<br>males in the second to third decade of life. Clinical features<br>include mental confusion, excessive sleep requirements<br>(approximately 18 hours per day), restlessness, and in some cases<br>hallucinations. Episodes have a duration of days to weeks, and<br>may recur several times per year. This condition may resolve<br>spontaneously over several years. (From Adams, et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p569)",""],["Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndromes",547,0.0,"D017769","C10.668.829.500.850.600",0,"Description: Ulnar neuropathies caused by mechanical compression<br>of the nerve at any location from its origin at the BRACHIAL<br>PLEXUS to its terminations in the hand. Common sites of<br>compression include the retroepicondylar groove, cubital tunnel<br>at the elbow (CUBITAL TUNNEL SYNDROME), and Guyon's canal at the<br>wrist. Clinical features depend on the site of injury, but may<br>include weakness or paralysis of wrist flexion, finger flexion,<br>and ulnar innervated intrinsic hand muscles, and impaired<br>sensation over the ulnar aspect of the hand, fifth finger, and<br>ulnar half of the ring finger. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995,<br>Ch51, p43)",""],["Canavan Disease",311,0.0,"D017825","C10.228.140.695.625.375",0,"Description: A rare neurodegenerative condition of infancy or<br>childhood characterized by white matter vacuolization and<br>demeylination that gives rise to a spongy appearance.<br>Aspartoacylase deficiency leads to an accumulation of<br>N-acetylaspartate in astrocytes. Inheritance may be autosomal<br>recessive or the illness may occur sporadically. This illness<br>occurs more frequently in individuals of Ashkenazic Jewish<br>descent. The neonatal form features the onset of hypotonia and<br>lethargy at birth, rapidly progressing to coma and death. The<br>infantile form features developmental delay, DYSKINESIAS,<br>hypotonia, spasticity, blindness, and megalencephaly. The<br>juvenile form is characterized by ATAXIA; OPTIC ATROPHY; and<br>DEMENTIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p944; Am J Med Genet 1988 Feb;29(2):463-71)",""],["Spinocerebellar Ataxias",4017,0.0,"D020754","C10.228.140.252.700.700",1,"Description: A group of predominately late-onset, cerebellar<br>ataxias which have been divided into multiple subtypes based on<br>clinical features and genetic mapping. Progressive ataxia is a<br>central feature of these conditions, and in certain subtypes<br>POLYNEUROPATHY; DYSARTHRIA; visual loss; and other disorders may<br>develop. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch65, pp 12-17; J<br>Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1998 Jun;57(6):531-43)",""],["Machado-Joseph Disease",1011,0.0,"D017827","C10.228.854.787.875.500",0,"Description: A dominantly-inherited ATAXIA first described in<br>people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subsequently<br>identified in Brazil, Japan, China, and Australia. This disorder<br>is classified as one of the SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIAS (Type 3) and<br>has been associated with a mutation of the MJD1 gene on<br>chromosome 14. Clinical features include progressive ataxia,<br>DYSARTHRIA, postural instability, nystagmus, eyelid retraction,<br>and facial FASCICULATIONS. DYSTONIA is prominent in younger<br>patients (referred to as Type I Machado-Joseph Disease). Type II<br>features ataxia and ocular signs; Type III features MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHY and a sensorimotor neuropathy; and Type IV features<br>extrapyramidal signs combined with a sensorimotor neuropathy.<br>(From Clin Neurosci 1995;3(1):17-22; Ann Neurol 1998<br>Mar;43(3):288-96)",""],["Machado-Joseph Disease",1011,0.0,"D017827","C10.574.500.825.700.500",0,"Description: A dominantly-inherited ATAXIA first described in<br>people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subsequently<br>identified in Brazil, Japan, China, and Australia. This disorder<br>is classified as one of the SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIAS (Type 3) and<br>has been associated with a mutation of the MJD1 gene on<br>chromosome 14. Clinical features include progressive ataxia,<br>DYSARTHRIA, postural instability, nystagmus, eyelid retraction,<br>and facial FASCICULATIONS. DYSTONIA is prominent in younger<br>patients (referred to as Type I Machado-Joseph Disease). Type II<br>features ataxia and ocular signs; Type III features MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHY and a sensorimotor neuropathy; and Type IV features<br>extrapyramidal signs combined with a sensorimotor neuropathy.<br>(From Clin Neurosci 1995;3(1):17-22; Ann Neurol 1998<br>Mar;43(3):288-96)",""],["Neurofibroma, Plexiform",629,0.0,"D018318","C10.551.775.500.750.500",0,"Description: A type of neurofibroma manifesting as a diffuse<br>overgrowth of subcutaneous tissue, usually involving the face,<br>scalp, neck, and chest but occasionally occurring in the abdomen<br>or pelvis. The tumors tend to progress, and may extend along<br>nerve roots to eventually involve the spinal roots and spinal<br>cord. This process is almost always a manifestation of<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1016; J Pediatr 1997 Nov;131(5):678-82)",""],["Neurofibrosarcoma",346,0.0,"D018319","C10.551.775.500.750.750",0,"Description: A malignant tumor that arises from small cutaneous<br>nerves, is locally aggressive, and has a potential for<br>metastasis. Characteristic histopathologic features include<br>proliferating atypical spindle cells with slender wavy and<br>pointed nuclei, hypocellular areas, and areas featuring organized<br>whorls of fibroblastic proliferation. The most common primary<br>sites are the extremities, retroperitoneum, and trunk. These<br>tumors tend to present in childhood, often in association with<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles &<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p1662; Mayo Clin Proc 1990<br>Feb;65(2):164-72)",""],["Persistent Vegetative State",2137,0.0,"D018458","C10.597.606.358.800.400",0,"Description: Vegetative state refers to the neurocognitive status<br>of individuals with severe brain damage, in whom physiologic<br>functions (sleep-wake cycles, autonomic control, and breathing)<br>persist, but awareness (including all cognitive function and<br>emotion) is abolished.",""],["Tension-Type Headache",1894,0.0,"D018781","C10.228.140.546.399.875",0,"Description: A common primary headache disorder, characterized by<br>a dull, non-pulsatile, diffuse, band-like (or vice-like) PAIN of<br>mild to moderate intensity in the HEAD; SCALP; or NECK. The<br>subtypes are classified by frequency and severity of symptoms.<br>There is no clear cause even though it has been associated with<br>MUSCLE CONTRACTION and stress. (International Classification of<br>Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)",""],["Landau-Kleffner Syndrome",274,0.0,"D018887","C10.228.140.490.493.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by the onset of isolated<br>language dysfunction in otherwise normal children (age of onset<br>4-7 years) and epileptiform discharges on ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY.<br>Seizures, including atypical absence (EPILEPSY, ABSENCE), complex<br>partial (EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL), and other types may occur.<br>The electroencephalographic abnormalities and seizures tend to<br>resolve by puberty. The language disorder may also resolve<br>although some individuals are left with severe language<br>dysfunction, including APHASIA and auditory AGNOSIA. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp749-50; J Child<br>Neurol 1997 Nov;12(8):489-495).",""],["Epilepsy, Rolandic",736,0.0,"D019305","C10.228.140.490.360.280",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited partial epilepsy<br>syndrome with onset between age 3 and 13 years. Seizures are<br>characterized by PARESTHESIA and tonic or clonic activity of the<br>lower face associated with drooling and DYSARTHRIA. In most<br>cases, affected children are neurologically and developmentally<br>normal. (From Epilepsia 1998 39;Suppl 4:S32-S41)",""],["Epilepsy, Rolandic",736,0.0,"D019305","C10.228.140.490.493.250",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited partial epilepsy<br>syndrome with onset between age 3 and 13 years. Seizures are<br>characterized by PARESTHESIA and tonic or clonic activity of the<br>lower face associated with drooling and DYSARTHRIA. In most<br>cases, affected children are neurologically and developmentally<br>normal. (From Epilepsia 1998 39;Suppl 4:S32-S41)",""],["Blindness, Cortical",607,0.0,"D019575","C10.597.751.941.162.250",0,"Description: Total loss of vision in all or part of the visual<br>field due to bilateral OCCIPITAL LOBE (i.e., VISUAL CORTEX)<br>damage or dysfunction. Anton syndrome is characterized by the<br>psychic denial of true, organic cortical blindness. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p460)",""],["Guillain-Barre Syndrome",6480,0.0,"D020275","C10.668.829.800.750.300",1,"Description: An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by<br>T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards<br>peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and<br>nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or<br>bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure<br>to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive<br>weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes.<br>Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may<br>occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1312-1314)",""],["Neurocysticercosis",2445,0.0,"D020019","C10.228.228.205.250.550",0,"Description: Infection of the brain, spinal cord, or<br>perimeningeal structures with the larval forms of the genus<br>TAENIA (primarily T. solium in humans). Lesions formed by the<br>organism are referred to as cysticerci. The infection may be<br>subacute or chronic, and the severity of symptoms depends on the<br>severity of the host immune response and the location and number<br>of lesions. SEIZURES represent the most common clinical<br>manifestation although focal neurologic deficits may occur. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp46-50)",""],["Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage",368,0.0,"D020145","C10.228.140.079.127.500",1,"Description: Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral<br>hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associated with<br>HYPERTENSION or ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS. Clinical<br>manifestations may include HEADACHE; DYSKINESIAS; and<br>HEMIPARESIS.",""],["Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage",368,0.0,"D020145","C10.228.140.300.100.200",1,"Description: Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral<br>hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associated with<br>HYPERTENSION or ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS. Clinical<br>manifestations may include HEADACHE; DYSKINESIAS; and<br>HEMIPARESIS.",""],["Chorea Gravidarum",43,0.0,"D020150","C10.228.662.262.249.500",0,"Description: A rare movement disorder developed during PREGNANCY,<br>characterized by involuntary jerky motion (CHOREA) and inability<br>to maintain stable position of body parts (ATHETOSIS). RHEUMATIC<br>FEVER and collagen vascular disorders are frequently associated<br>with this disease. Chorea may vary from mild to severe and occurs<br>in approximately 1 per 2,000 to 3,000 pregnancies. (From Md Med J<br>1997 Sep;46(8):436-9)",""],["Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic",271,0.0,"D020158","C10.228.140.163.100.375",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>deficiencies in the mitochondrial GLYCINE cleavage system.",""],["Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn",1956,0.0,"D056806","C10.228.140.163.100.937",5,"Description: Rare congenital metabolism disorders of the urea<br>cycle. The disorders are due to mutations that result in complete<br>(neonatal onset) or partial (childhood or adult onset) inactivity<br>of an enzyme, involved in the urea cycle. Neonatal onset results<br>in clinical features that include irritability, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, NEONATAL HYPOTONIA; RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS;<br>HYPERAMMONEMIA; coma, and death. Survivors of the neonatal onset<br>and childhood/adult onset disorders share common risks for<br>ENCEPHALOPATHIES, METABOLIC, INBORN; and RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS<br>due to HYPERAMMONEMIA.",""],["Hyperlysinemias",15,0.0,"D020167","C10.228.140.163.100.380",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders which have<br>in common elevations of serum LYSINE levels. Enzyme deficiencies<br>of alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase and the<br>SACCHAROPINE DEHYDROGENASES have been associated with<br>hyperlysinemia. Clinical manifestations include mental<br>retardation, recurrent emesis, hypotonia, lethargy, diarrhea, and<br>developmental delay. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p56)",""],["Tyrosinemias",523,0.0,"D020176","C10.228.140.163.100.875",0,"Description: A group of disorders which have in common elevations<br>of tyrosine in the blood and urine secondary to an enzyme<br>deficiency. Type I tyrosinemia features episodic weakness, self-<br>mutilation, hepatic necrosis, renal tubular injury, and seizures<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme fumarylacetoacetase.<br>Type II tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, painful<br>corneal ulcers, and keratoses of the palms and plantar surfaces<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme TYROSINE<br>TRANSAMINASE. Type III tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme<br>4-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp42-3)",""],["Idiopathic Hypersomnia",139,0.0,"D020177","C10.886.425.800.200.400",0,"Description: A sleep disorder of central nervous system origin<br>characterized by prolonged nocturnal sleep and periods of daytime<br>drowsiness. Affected individuals experience difficulty with<br>awakening in the morning and may have associated sleep<br>drunkenness, automatic behaviors, and memory disturbances. This<br>condition differs from narcolepsy in that daytime sleep periods<br>are longer, there is no association with CATAPLEXY, and the<br>multiple sleep latency onset test does not record sleep-onset<br>rapid eye movement sleep. (From Chokroverty, Sleep Disorders<br>Medicine, 1994, pp319-20; Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1998<br>Apr:52(2):125-129)",""],["Sleep Apnea, Central",1767,0.0,"D020182","C10.886.425.800.750.800",0,"Description: A condition associated with multiple episodes of<br>sleep apnea which are distinguished from obstructive sleep apnea<br>(SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE) by the complete cessation of efforts<br>to breathe. This disorder is associated with dysfunction of<br>central nervous system centers that regulate respiration.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Acute",817,0.0,"D020199","C10.900.300.837.600.050",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>acute onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic",1931,0.0,"D020200","C10.900.300.837.600.120",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic",267,0.0,"D020202","C10.228.140.199.275.300",0,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due<br>to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>and the BASAL GANGLIA. Depending on the severity of bleeding,<br>clinical features may include SEIZURES; APHASIA; VISION<br>DISORDERS; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; PARALYSIS; and COMA.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic",267,0.0,"D020202","C10.900.300.087.187.300",0,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due<br>to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>and the BASAL GANGLIA. Depending on the severity of bleeding,<br>clinical features may include SEIZURES; APHASIA; VISION<br>DISORDERS; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; PARALYSIS; and COMA.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic",267,0.0,"D020202","C10.900.300.837.150.650",0,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due<br>to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>and the BASAL GANGLIA. Depending on the severity of bleeding,<br>clinical features may include SEIZURES; APHASIA; VISION<br>DISORDERS; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; PARALYSIS; and COMA.",""],["Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic",52,0.0,"D020203","C10.228.140.199.275.200",0,"Description: Bleeding into structures of BRAIN STEM, including<br>the MIDBRAIN; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA, as the result of<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY is commonly<br>associated. Clinical manifestations may include OCULAR MOTILITY<br>DISORDERS; ATAXIA; PARALYSIS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; and<br>COMA.",""],["Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic",52,0.0,"D020203","C10.900.300.087.187.200",0,"Description: Bleeding into structures of BRAIN STEM, including<br>the MIDBRAIN; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA, as the result of<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY is commonly<br>associated. Clinical manifestations may include OCULAR MOTILITY<br>DISORDERS; ATAXIA; PARALYSIS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; and<br>COMA.",""],["Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic",52,0.0,"D020203","C10.900.300.837.150.300",0,"Description: Bleeding into structures of BRAIN STEM, including<br>the MIDBRAIN; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA, as the result of<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY is commonly<br>associated. Clinical manifestations may include OCULAR MOTILITY<br>DISORDERS; ATAXIA; PARALYSIS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; and<br>COMA.",""],["Carotid Artery Injuries",4538,0.0,"D020212","C10.228.140.300.200.345",1,"Description: Damages to the CAROTID ARTERIES caused either by<br>blunt force or penetrating trauma, such as CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA;<br>THORACIC INJURIES; and NECK INJURIES. Damaged carotid arteries<br>can lead to CAROTID ARTERY THROMBOSIS; CAROTID-CAVERNOUS SINUS<br>FISTULA; pseudoaneurysm formation; and INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY<br>DISSECTION. (From Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1997, 18:251; J Trauma<br>1994, 37:473)",""],["Carotid Artery Injuries",5658,0.0,"D020212","C10.228.140.300.350.500",2,"Description: Damages to the CAROTID ARTERIES caused either by<br>blunt force or penetrating trauma, such as CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA;<br>THORACIC INJURIES; and NECK INJURIES. Damaged carotid arteries<br>can lead to CAROTID ARTERY THROMBOSIS; CAROTID-CAVERNOUS SINUS<br>FISTULA; pseudoaneurysm formation; and INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY<br>DISSECTION. (From Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1997, 18:251; J Trauma<br>1994, 37:473)",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C10.228.140.300.200.480",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Vertebral Artery Dissection",1631,0.0,"D020217","C10.228.140.300.350.875",0,"Description: Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL<br>ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel wall<br>can lead to occlusion of the vertebral artery, aneurysm<br>formation, or THROMBOEMBOLISM. Vertebral artery dissection is<br>often associated with TRAUMA and injuries to the head-neck region<br>but can occur spontaneously.",""],["Gait Apraxia",92,0.0,"D020235","C10.597.606.881.350.600",0,"Description: Impaired ambulation not attributed to sensory<br>impairment or motor weakness. FRONTAL LOBE disorders; BASAL<br>GANGLIA DISEASES (e.g., PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS); DEMENTIA, MULTI-<br>INFARCT; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; and other conditions may be<br>associated with gait apraxia.",""],["Amnesia, Transient Global",601,0.0,"D020236","C10.597.606.525.100.800",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by a transient loss of the<br>ability to form new memories. It primarily occurs in middle aged<br>or elderly individuals, and episodes may last from minutes to<br>hours. During the period of amnesia, immediate and recent memory<br>abilities are impaired, but the level of consciousness and<br>ability to perform other intellectual tasks are preserved. The<br>condition is related to bilateral dysfunction of the medial<br>portions of each TEMPORAL LOBE. Complete recovery normally<br>occurs, and recurrences are unusual. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp429-30)",""],["Prosopagnosia",653,0.0,"D020238","C10.597.606.762.100.650",0,"Description: The inability to recognize a familiar face or to<br>learn to recognize new faces. This visual agnosia is most often<br>associated with lesions involving the junctional regions between<br>the temporal and occipital lobes. The majority of cases are<br>associated with bilateral lesions, however unilateral damage to<br>the right occipito-temporal cortex has also been associated with<br>this condition. (From Cortex 1995 Jun;31(2):317-29).",""],["Apraxia, Ideomotor",186,0.0,"D020240","C10.597.606.881.350.200",0,"Description: A form of apraxia characterized by an acquired<br>inability to carry out a complex motor activity despite the<br>ability to mentally formulate the action. This condition has been<br>attributed to a disruption of connections between the dominant<br>parietal cortex and supplementary and premotor cortical regions<br>in both hemispheres. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p57)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C10.228.228.291.323.662",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C10.228.228.291.323.162",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["MPTP Poisoning",1555,0.0,"D020267","C10.228.662.600.700.250",0,"Description: A condition caused by the neurotoxin MPTP which<br>causes selective destruction of nigrostriatal dopaminergic<br>neurons. Clinical features include irreversible parkinsonian<br>signs including rigidity and bradykinesia (PARKINSON DISEASE,<br>SECONDARY). MPTP toxicity is also used as an animal model for the<br>study of PARKINSON DISEASE. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1072; Neurology 1986 Feb;36(2):250-8)",""],["Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating",2088,0.0,"D020277","C10.668.829.800.750.600",0,"Description: A slowly progressive autoimmune demyelinating<br>disease of peripheral nerves and nerve roots. Clinical<br>manifestations include weakness and sensory loss in the<br>extremities and enlargement of peripheral nerves. The course may<br>be relapsing-remitting or demonstrate a step-wise progression.<br>Protein is usually elevated in the spinal fluid and cranial<br>nerves are typically spared. GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME features a<br>relatively rapid progression of disease which distinguishes it<br>from this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1337)",""],["Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive",456,0.0,"D020299","C10.228.140.300.535.325",0,"Description: Bleeding within the SKULL that is caused by systemic<br>HYPERTENSION, usually in association with INTRACRANIAL<br>ARTERIOSCLEROSIS. Hypertensive hemorrhages are most frequent in<br>the BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; PONS; and THALAMUS; but may also<br>involve the CEREBRAL CORTEX, subcortical white matter, and other<br>brain structures.",""],["Amnesia, Anterograde",238,0.0,"D020324","C10.597.606.525.100.075",0,"Description: Loss of the ability to form new memories beyond a<br>certain point in time. This condition may be organic or<br>psychogenic in origin. Organically induced anterograde amnesia<br>may follow CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; SEIZURES; ANOXIA; and other<br>conditions which adversely affect neural structures associated<br>with memory formation (e.g., the HIPPOCAMPUS; FORNIX (BRAIN);<br>MAMMILLARY BODIES; and ANTERIOR THALAMIC NUCLEI). (From Memory<br>1997 Jan-Mar;5(1-2):49-71)",""],["Optic Nerve Glioma",506,0.0,"D020339","C10.551.775.250.500.500",0,"Description: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic<br>nerve, usually presenting in childhood.",""],["Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease",350,0.0,"D020371","C10.228.140.695.625.775",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive disorder of myelin<br>formation. Subtypes are referred to as classic, congenital,<br>transitional, and adult forms of this disease. The classic form<br>is X-chromosome linked, has its onset in infancy and is<br>associated with a mutation of the proteolipid protein gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include TREMOR, spasmus nutans, roving<br>eye movements, ATAXIA, spasticity, and NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL.<br>Death occurs by the third decade of life. The congenital form has<br>similar characteristics but presents early in infancy and<br>features rapid disease progression. Transitional and adult<br>subtypes have a later onset and less severe symptomatology.<br>Pathologic features include patchy areas of demyelination with<br>preservation of perivascular islands (trigoid appearance). (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p190)",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne",6680,0.0,"D020388","C10.668.491.175.500.300",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an<br>inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with<br>maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers<br>undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration.<br>Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first<br>few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see<br>MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired<br>mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related<br>condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually<br>adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415)",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral",1084,0.0,"D020391","C10.668.491.175.500.400",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant degenerative muscle disease<br>characterized by slowly progressive weakness of the muscles of<br>the face, upper-arm, and shoulder girdle. The onset of symptoms<br>usually occurs in the first or second decade of life. Affected<br>individuals usually present with impairment of upper extremity<br>elevation. This tends to be followed by facial weakness,<br>primarily involving the orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi<br>muscles. (Neuromuscul Disord 1997;7(1):55-62; Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1420)",""],["Cubital Tunnel Syndrome",684,0.0,"D020430","C10.668.829.500.850.200",0,"Description: Compression of the ULNAR NERVE in the cubital<br>tunnel, which is formed by the two heads of the flexor carpi<br>ulnaris muscle, humeral-ulnar aponeurosis, and medial ligaments<br>of the elbow. This condition may follow trauma or occur in<br>association with processes which produce nerve enlargement or<br>narrowing of the canal. Manifestations include elbow pain and<br>PARESTHESIA radiating distally, weakness of ulnar innervated<br>intrinsic hand muscles, and loss of sensation over the hypothenar<br>region, fifth finger, and ulnar aspect of the ring finger.<br>(Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p43)",""],["Cubital Tunnel Syndrome",684,0.0,"D020430","C10.668.829.550.925.200",0,"Description: Compression of the ULNAR NERVE in the cubital<br>tunnel, which is formed by the two heads of the flexor carpi<br>ulnaris muscle, humeral-ulnar aponeurosis, and medial ligaments<br>of the elbow. This condition may follow trauma or occur in<br>association with processes which produce nerve enlargement or<br>narrowing of the canal. Manifestations include elbow pain and<br>PARESTHESIA radiating distally, weakness of ulnar innervated<br>intrinsic hand muscles, and loss of sensation over the hypothenar<br>region, fifth finger, and ulnar aspect of the ring finger.<br>(Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p43)",""],["Amaurosis Fugax",234,0.0,"D020757","C10.597.751.941.162.125",0,"Description: Transient complete or partial monocular blindness<br>due to retinal ischemia. This may be caused by emboli from the<br>CAROTID ARTERY (usually in association with CAROTID STENOSIS) and<br>other locations that enter the central RETINAL ARTERY. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p245)",""],["Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome",119,0.0,"D020759","C10.228.854.785.650.100",0,"Description: Ischemia or infarction of the spinal cord in the<br>distribution of the anterior spinal artery, which supplies the<br>ventral two-thirds of the spinal cord. This condition is usually<br>associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS of the aorta and may result from<br>dissection of an AORTIC ANEURYSM or rarely dissection of the<br>anterior spinal artery. Clinical features include weakness and<br>loss of pain and temperature sensation below the level of injury,<br>with relative sparing of position and vibratory sensation. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1249-50)",""],["Intracranial Embolism",5175,0.0,"D020766","C10.228.140.300.525.400",0,"Description: Blocking of a blood vessel in the SKULL by an<br>EMBOLUS which can be a blood clot (THROMBUS) or other undissolved<br>material in the blood stream. Most emboli are of cardiac origin<br>and are associated with HEART DISEASES. Other non-cardiac sources<br>of emboli are usually associated with VASCULAR DISEASES.",""],["Frontotemporal Dementia",4413,0.0,"D057180","C10.228.140.380.266.299",1,"Description: The most common clinical form of FRONTOTEMPORAL<br>LOBAR DEGENERATION, this dementia presents with personality and<br>behavioral changes often associated with disinhibition, apathy,<br>and lack of insight.",""],["Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex",1499,0.0,"D020803","C10.228.228.245.340.350",0,"Description: An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of<br>the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal.<br>The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1<br>(HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2<br>(HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations;<br>APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is<br>marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and<br>inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)",""],["Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex",1499,0.0,"D020803","C10.228.228.399.750.350",0,"Description: An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of<br>the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal.<br>The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1<br>(HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2<br>(HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations;<br>APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is<br>marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and<br>inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)",""],["Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex",1499,0.0,"D020803","C10.586.250.520.750.350",0,"Description: An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of<br>the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal.<br>The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1<br>(HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2<br>(HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER;<br>HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations;<br>APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is<br>marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and<br>inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)",""],["Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster",313,0.0,"D020804","C10.228.228.245.340.400",0,"Description: Inflammation of brain tissue caused by infection<br>with the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). This<br>condition is associated with immunocompromised states, including<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME. Pathologically, the virus<br>tends to induce a vasculopathy and infect oligodendrocytes and<br>ependymal cells, leading to CEREBRAL INFARCTION, multifocal<br>regions of demyelination, and periventricular necrosis.<br>Manifestations of varicella encephalitis usually occur 5-7 days<br>after onset of HERPES ZOSTER and include HEADACHE; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; focal neurologic deficits; FEVER; and COMA. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch 26, pp29-32; Hum Pathol 1996<br>Sep;27(9):927-38)",""],["Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster",313,0.0,"D020804","C10.228.228.399.750.400",0,"Description: Inflammation of brain tissue caused by infection<br>with the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). This<br>condition is associated with immunocompromised states, including<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME. Pathologically, the virus<br>tends to induce a vasculopathy and infect oligodendrocytes and<br>ependymal cells, leading to CEREBRAL INFARCTION, multifocal<br>regions of demyelination, and periventricular necrosis.<br>Manifestations of varicella encephalitis usually occur 5-7 days<br>after onset of HERPES ZOSTER and include HEADACHE; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; focal neurologic deficits; FEVER; and COMA. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch 26, pp29-32; Hum Pathol 1996<br>Sep;27(9):927-38)",""],["Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster",313,0.0,"D020804","C10.586.250.520.750.400",0,"Description: Inflammation of brain tissue caused by infection<br>with the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). This<br>condition is associated with immunocompromised states, including<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME. Pathologically, the virus<br>tends to induce a vasculopathy and infect oligodendrocytes and<br>ependymal cells, leading to CEREBRAL INFARCTION, multifocal<br>regions of demyelination, and periventricular necrosis.<br>Manifestations of varicella encephalitis usually occur 5-7 days<br>after onset of HERPES ZOSTER and include HEADACHE; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; focal neurologic deficits; FEVER; and COMA. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch 26, pp29-32; Hum Pathol 1996<br>Sep;27(9):927-38)",""],["Meningitis, Escherichia coli",181,0.0,"D020814","C10.228.228.180.500.350",0,"Description: A form of gram-negative meningitis that tends to<br>occur in neonates, in association with anatomical abnormalities<br>(which feature communication between the meninges and cutaneous<br>structures) or as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS in association with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES. In premature neonates the<br>clinical presentation may be limited to ANOREXIA; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; or respiratory distress. Full-term infants may have as<br>additional features FEVER; SEIZURES; and bulging of the anterior<br>fontanelle. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>pp398-400)",""],["Neuroschistosomiasis",194,0.0,"D020818","C10.228.228.205.250.600",0,"Description: SCHISTOSOMIASIS of the brain, spinal cord, or<br>meninges caused by infections with trematodes of the genus<br>SCHISTOSOMA (primarily SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM; SCHISTOSOMA<br>MANSONI; and SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM in humans). S. japonicum<br>infections of the nervous system may cause an acute<br>meningoencephalitis or a chronic encephalopathy. S. mansoni and<br>S. haematobium nervous system infections are associated with<br>acute transverse myelitis involving the lower portions of the<br>spinal cord. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp61-2)",""],["Diffuse Axonal Injury",720,0.0,"D020833","C10.228.140.199.388.500",0,"Description: A relatively common sequela of blunt head injury,<br>characterized by a global disruption of axons throughout the<br>brain. Associated clinical features may include NEUROBEHAVIORAL<br>MANIFESTATIONS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; DEMENTIA; and other<br>disorders.",""],["Diffuse Axonal Injury",720,0.0,"D020833","C10.900.300.087.219.500",0,"Description: A relatively common sequela of blunt head injury,<br>characterized by a global disruption of axons throughout the<br>brain. Associated clinical features may include NEUROBEHAVIORAL<br>MANIFESTATIONS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; DEMENTIA; and other<br>disorders.",""],["Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain",6617,0.0,"D020925","C10.228.140.300.150.716",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in<br>the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the<br>brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from<br>systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated<br>with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA;<br>COMA; and other conditions.",""],["Epilepsy, Partial, Sensory",52,0.0,"D020937","C10.228.140.490.360.275",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by recurrent focal onset<br>seizures which have sensory (i.e., olfactory, visual, tactile,<br>gustatory, or auditory) manifestations. Partial seizures that<br>feature alterations of consciousness are referred to as complex<br>partial seizures (EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL).",""],["Epilepsy, Partial, Motor",88,0.0,"D020938","C10.228.140.490.360.272",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by recurrent localized<br>paroxysmal discharges of cerebral neurons that give rise to<br>seizures that have motor manifestations. The majority of partial<br>motor seizures originate in the FRONTAL LOBE (see also EPILEPSY,<br>FRONTAL LOBE). Motor seizures may manifest as tonic or clonic<br>movements involving the face, one limb or one side of the body. A<br>variety of more complex patterns of movement, including abnormal<br>posturing of extremities, may also occur.",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C10.228.140.300.850.125",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C10.228.140.300.850.750",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C10.228.140.430.550.500",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C10.228.228.245.550.500",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Striatonigral Degeneration",84,0.0,"D020955","C10.228.140.079.612.800",0,"Description: A sporadic neurodegenerative disease with onset in<br>middle-age characterized clinically by Parkinsonian features<br>(e.g., MUSCLE RIGIDITY; HYPOKINESIA; stooped posture) and<br>HYPOTENSION. This condition is considered a clinical variant of<br>MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. Pathologic features include a prominent<br>loss of neurons in the zona compacta of the SUBSTANTIA NIGRA and<br>PUTAMEN. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1075-6)",""],["Lewy Body Disease",3692,0.0,"D020961","C10.228.140.079.862.400",0,"Description: A neurodegenerative disease characterized by<br>dementia, mild parkinsonism, and fluctuations in attention and<br>alertness. The neuropsychiatric manifestations tend to precede<br>the onset of bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY, and other<br>extrapyramidal signs. DELUSIONS and visual HALLUCINATIONS are<br>relatively frequent in this condition. Histologic examination<br>reveals LEWY BODIES in the CEREBRAL CORTEX and BRAIN STEM. SENILE<br>PLAQUES and other pathologic features characteristic of ALZHEIMER<br>DISEASE may also be present. (From Neurology 1997;48:376-380;<br>Neurology 1996;47:1113-1124)",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C10.228.140.163.100.168",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C10.228.140.300.275.311",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant",336,0.0,"D029241","C10.292.700.225.500.100",0,"Description: Dominant optic atrophy is a hereditary optic<br>neuropathy causing decreased visual acuity, color vision<br>deficits, a centrocecal scotoma, and optic nerve pallor (Hum.<br>Genet. 1998; 102: 79-86). Mutations leading to this condition<br>have been mapped to the OPA1 gene at chromosome 3q28-q29. OPA1<br>codes for a dynamin-related GTPase that localizes to<br>mitochondria.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber",1206,0.0,"D029242","C10.292.700.225.500.400",0,"Description: A maternally linked genetic disorder that presents<br>in mid-life as acute or subacute central vision loss leading to<br>central scotoma and blindness. The disease has been associated<br>with missense mutations in the mtDNA, in genes for Complex I,<br>III, and IV polypeptides, that can act autonomously or in<br>association with each other to cause the disease. (from Online<br>Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/,<br>MIM#535000 (April 17, 2001))",""],["Insomnia, Fatal Familial",174,0.0,"D034062","C10.886.425.800.800.400",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by<br>degeneration of the THALAMUS and progressive insomnia. It is<br>caused by a mutation in the prion protein (PRIONS).",""],["Post-Concussion Syndrome",1422,0.0,"D038223","C10.900.300.350.300.500",0,"Description: The organic and psychogenic disturbances observed<br>after closed head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED). Post-<br>concussion syndrome includes subjective physical complaints (i.e.<br>headache, dizziness), cognitive, emotional, and behavioral<br>changes. These disturbances can be chronic, permanent, or late<br>emerging.",""],["Alexander Disease",380,0.0,"D038261","C10.228.140.695.625.312",0,"Description: Rare leukoencephalopathy with infantile-onset<br>accumulation of Rosenthal fibers in the subpial, periventricular,<br>and subependymal zones of the brain. Rosenthal fibers are GLIAL<br>FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN aggregates found in ASTROCYTES.<br>Juvenile- and adult-onset types show progressive atrophy of the<br>lower brainstem instead. De novo mutations in the GFAP gene are<br>associated with the disease with propensity for paternal<br>inheritance.",""],["Coffin-Lowry Syndrome",91,0.0,"D038921","C10.597.606.360.455.249",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY syndrome<br>that results from mutations in the RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 KINASE<br>gene. Typical manifestations of the disease include an<br>intelligence quotient of less than 50, facial anomalies, and<br>other malformations.",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal",288,0.0,"D039141","C10.668.491.175.500.450",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant hereditary disease that<br>presents in late in life and is characterized by DYSPHAGIA and<br>progressive ptosis of the eyelids. Mutations in the gene for<br>POLY(A)-BINDING PROTEIN II have been associated with<br>oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.",""],["Hearing Loss, Unilateral",921,0.0,"D046088","C10.597.751.418.341.950",0,"Description: Partial or complete hearing loss in one ear.",""],["Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural",336,0.0,"D046089","C10.597.751.418.341.849",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to damage or impairment of both the<br>conductive elements (HEARING LOSS, CONDUCTIVE) and the<br>sensorineural elements (HEARING LOSS, SENSORINEURAL) of the ear.",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C10.228.140.300.275.249",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C10.228.140.300.400.203",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C10.228.140.380.230.124",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial",299,0.0,"D046648","C10.900.300.837.600.400",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE over the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE.",""],["Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle",1389,0.0,"D049288","C10.668.491.175.500.149",1,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited muscular dystrophy<br>that can be autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. There are<br>many forms (called LGMDs) involving genes encoding muscle<br>membrane proteins such as the sarcoglycan (SARCOGLYCANS) complex<br>that interacts with DYSTROPHIN. The disease is characterized by<br>progressing wasting and weakness of the proximal muscles of arms<br>and legs around the HIPS and SHOULDERS (the pelvic and shoulder<br>girdles).",""],["Distal Myopathies",450,0.0,"D049310","C10.668.491.175.500.074",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of genetic disorders<br>characterized by progressive MUSCULAR ATROPHY and MUSCLE WEAKNESS<br>beginning in the hands, the legs, or the feet. Most are adult-<br>onset autosomal dominant forms. Others are autosomal recessive.",""],["Post-Traumatic Headache",611,0.0,"D051298","C10.228.140.546.699.249",0,"Description: Secondary headache attributed to TRAUMA of the HEAD<br>and/or the NECK.",""],["Post-Dural Puncture Headache",740,0.0,"D051299","C10.228.140.546.699.124",0,"Description: A secondary headache disorder attributed to low<br>CEREBROSPINAL FLUID pressure caused by SPINAL PUNCTURE, usually<br>after dural or lumbar puncture.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb",215,0.0,"D052120","C10.597.606.360.455.562",0,"Description: An X-linked dominant multisystem disorder resulting<br>in cardiomyopathy, myopathy and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. It is<br>caused by mutation in the gene encoding LYSOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED<br>MEMBRANE PROTEIN 2.",""],["Refsum Disease, Infantile",10,0.0,"D052919","C10.228.140.163.100.844",0,"Description: An early onset form of phytanic acid storage disease<br>with clinical and biochemical signs different from those of<br>REFSUM DISEASE. Features include MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; OSTEOPOROSIS; and severe liver<br>damage. It can be caused by mutation in a number of genes<br>encoding proteins involving in the biogenesis or assembly of<br>PEROXISOMES.",""],["Stupor",672,0.0,"D053608","C10.597.606.358.800.500",0,"Description: A state of reduced sensibility and response to<br>stimuli which is distinguished from COMA in that the person can<br>be aroused by vigorous and repeated stimulation. The person is<br>still conscious and can make voluntary movements. It can be<br>induced by CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS. The word derives from<br>Latin stupere and is related to stunned, stupid, dazed or<br>LETHARGY.",""],["Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome",1830,0.0,"D054038","C10.228.140.631.500.500",0,"Description: A condition that is characterized by HEADACHE;<br>SEIZURES; and visual loss with edema in the posterior aspects of<br>the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, such as the BRAIN STEM. Generally,<br>lesions involve the white matter (nerve fibers) but occasionally<br>the grey matter (nerve cell bodies).",""],["Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency",228,0.0,"D054078","C10.228.140.163.100.593",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in<br>the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutations cholesterol<br>biosynthesis is disrupted and MEVALONIC ACID accumulates. It is<br>characterized by a range of symptoms, including dysmorphic<br>FACIES, psychomotor retardation, CATARACT, hepatosplenomegaly,<br>CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, elevated IMMUNOGLOBULIN D, and recurrent<br>febrile crises with FEVER; LYMPHADENOPATHY; ARTHRALGIA; EDEMA;<br>and rash.",""],["Vein of Galen Malformations",266,0.0,"D054080","C10.228.140.300.520.500",0,"Description: Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the<br>VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of the brain. The<br>rush of arterial blood directly into the vein of Galen, without<br>passing through the CAPILLARIES, can overwhelm the heart and lead<br>to CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.",""],["Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias",182,0.0,"D054221","C10.500.507.450.499.230",0,"Description: Disorders comprising a spectrum of brain<br>malformations representing the paradigm of a diffuse neuronal<br>migration disorder. They result in cognitive impairment;<br>SEIZURES; and HYPOTONIA or spasticity. Mutations of two genes,<br>LIS1, the gene for the non-catalytic subunit of PLATELET-<br>ACTIVATING FACTOR ACETYLHYDROLASE IB; and DCX or XLIS, the gene<br>for doublecortin, have been identified as the most common causes<br>of disorders in this spectrum. Additional variants of classical<br>(Type I) lissencephaly have been linked to RELN, the gene for<br>reelin, and ARX, the gene for aristaless related homeobox<br>protein. (From Leventer, R.J., et al, Mol Med Today. 2000<br>Jul;6(7):277-84 and Barkovich, A.J., et al, Neurology. 2005 Dec<br>27;65(12):1873-87.)",""],["Cobblestone Lissencephaly",184,0.0,"D054222","C10.500.507.450.499.249",1,"Description: The smooth pebbled appearance of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>with a thickened cortex and reduced and abnormal white matter,<br>which results from migration of heterotopic neurons beyond the<br>marginal zone into the leptomeninges through gaps in the external<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE. There is also enlarged ventricles,<br>underdeveloped BRAINSTEM and cerebellum, and absence of the<br>CORPUS CALLOSUM. These abnormalities occur as a syndrome without<br>other birth defects (cobblestone complex) or in other syndromes<br>associated with congenital MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, often involving<br>the eye, such as the Walker-Warburg Syndrome, Fukuyama congenital<br>muscular dystrophy, and muscle-eye-brain disease.",""],["Neuroacanthocytosis",254,0.0,"D054546","C10.228.662.262.249.937",0,"Description: An inherited autosomal disorder that is<br>characterized by neurodegeneration; orofacial and buccal<br>DYSKINESIAS; CHOREA; and thorny-looking red cells (ACANTHOCYTES).<br>This disorder is due to mutations of chorein which is important<br>in protein trafficking and is encoded by Vps13a on chromosome<br>9q21.",""],["Pallister-Hall Syndrome",43,0.0,"D054975","C10.228.140.617.477.299",0,"Description: A pleiotropic disorder of human development that<br>comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and postaxial<br>POLYDACTYLY; bifid EPIGLOTTIS; ANAL ATRESIA; and renal and other<br>abnormalities. This disorder is associated with FRAMESHIFT<br>MUTATIONS in the GLI3 gene which encodes the GLI3 protein, a<br>KRUPPEL-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS family member.",""],["Microscopic Polyangiitis",602,0.0,"D055953","C10.228.140.300.275.600",0,"Description: A primary systemic vasculitis of small- and some<br>medium-sized vessels. It is characterized by a tropism for<br>kidneys and lungs, positive association with anti-neutrophil<br>cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), and a paucity of immunoglobulin<br>deposits in vessel walls.",""],["Piriformis Muscle Syndrome",194,0.0,"D055958","C10.668.829.500.675.399",0,"Description: A chronic PELVIC PAIN characterized by pain deep in<br>the buttock that may radiate to posterior aspects of the leg. It<br>is caused by the piriformis muscle compressing or irritating the<br>SCIATIC NERVE due to trauma, hypertrophy, inflammation or<br>anatomic variations.",""],["Alien Hand Syndrome",66,0.0,"D055964","C10.597.606.881.350.099",0,"Description: An apraxia characterized by the affected limb having<br>involuntary, autonomous, and purposeful behaviors that are<br>perceived as being controlled by an external force. Often the<br>affected limb interferes with the actions of the normal limb.<br>Symptoms develop from lesions in the CORPUS CALLOSUM or medial<br>frontal cortex, stroke, infarction, and neurodegenerative<br>diseases (e.g., CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME, corticobasal<br>degeneration).",""],["Giant Axonal Neuropathy",73,0.0,"D056768","C10.668.829.800.300.490",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of INTERMEDIATE<br>FILAMENT PROTEINS. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene<br>that codes gigaxonin protein. The mutations result in<br>disorganization of axonal NEUROFILAMENT PROTEINS, formation of<br>the characteristic giant axons, and progressive neuropathy. The<br>clinical features of the disease include early-onset progressive<br>peripheral motor and sensory neuropathies often associated with<br>central nervous system involvement (INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY,<br>seizures, DYSMETRIA, and CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS).",""],["Alstrom Syndrome",148,0.0,"D056769","C10.668.829.800.300.099",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include<br>retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS<br>PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity,<br>sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development.<br>Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and<br>progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by<br>mutations in the ALMS1 gene.",""],["Contrecoup Injury",14,0.0,"D056886","C10.900.300.350.300.250",0,"Description: An injury in which the damage is located on the<br>opposite side of the primary impact site. A blow to the back of<br>head which results in contrecoup injury to the frontal lobes of<br>the brain is the most common type.",""],["Corneal Injuries",3007,0.0,"D065306","C10.900.300.284.250.124",1,"Description: Damage or trauma inflicted to the CORNEA by external<br>means.",""],["Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia",110,0.0,"D057178","C10.228.140.380.132.600",0,"Description: A form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and a<br>progressive form of dementia characterized by motor speech<br>impairment and AGRAMMATISM, with relative sparing of single word<br>comprehension and semantic memory.",""],["Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia",110,0.0,"D057178","C10.228.140.380.266.600",0,"Description: A form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and a<br>progressive form of dementia characterized by motor speech<br>impairment and AGRAMMATISM, with relative sparing of single word<br>comprehension and semantic memory.",""],["Stroke, Lacunar",633,0.0,"D059409","C10.228.140.300.275.800",0,"Description: Stroke caused by lacunar infarction or other small<br>vessel diseases of the brain. It features hemiparesis (see<br>PARESIS), hemisensory, or hemisensory motor loss.",""],["Dyscalculia",279,0.0,"D060705","C10.597.606.150.550.099",0,"Description: Impaired ability in numerical concepts. These<br>inabilities arise as a result of primary neurological lesion, are<br>syndromic (e.g., GERSTMANN SYNDROME ) or acquired due to brain<br>damage.",""],["Lingual Nerve Injuries",282,0.0,"D061222","C10.900.300.218.775.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the LINGUAL NERVE. It may be a<br>complication following dental treatments.",""],["Laryngeal Nerve Injuries",1126,0.0,"D061224","C10.900.300.218.887.750",1,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the LARYNGEAL NERVE.",""],["Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries",852,0.0,"D061226","C10.292.200.937.750.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE<br>that may result in vocal cord dysfunction.",""],["Nodding Syndrome",105,0.0,"D064128","C10.228.140.490.375.525",0,"Description: Unexplained neurologic condition characterized by<br>episodes of atonic seizures, convulsions or staring spells with<br>further cognitive decline.",""],["Hemimegalencephaly",62,0.0,"D065705","C10.500.507.400.249.500",0,"Description: Rare MALFORMATIONS OF CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT, GROUP I<br>characterized by the enlargement of one side of the brain. It is<br>associated with seizures, partial paralysis, and mental<br>retardation.",""],["Lennox Gastaut Syndrome",259,0.0,"D065768","C10.228.140.490.493.750",0,"Description: A childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome.",""],["Drug Resistant Epilepsy",3144,0.0,"D000069279","C10.228.140.490.125",0,"Description: Epileptic condition in which adequate trials of two<br>tolerated and appropriately chosen and used ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS<br>schedules to achieve sustained seizure freedom failed.",""],["Pituitary Diseases",58503,0.2,"D010900","C10.228.140.617.738",16,"Description: Disorders involving either the ADENOHYPOPHYSIS or<br>the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS. These diseases usually manifest as<br>hypersecretion or hyposecretion of PITUITARY HORMONES. Neoplastic<br>pituitary masses can also cause compression of the OPTIC CHIASM<br>and other adjacent structures.",""],["Infectious Encephalitis",26182,0.1,"D000069544","C10.228.140.430.520",15,"Description: Brain inflammation caused by an infectious agent.",""],["Morton Neuroma",102,0.0,"D000070607","C10.668.829.600.375",0,"Description: A nerve inflammation in the foot caused by chronic<br>compression of the plantar nerve between the METATARSAL BONES.",""],["Brain Injuries, Traumatic",22182,0.1,"D000070642","C10.228.140.199.444",3,"Description: A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a<br>sudden trauma causes damage to the brain.",""],["Brain Injuries, Traumatic",22182,0.1,"D000070642","C10.900.300.087.235",3,"Description: A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a<br>sudden trauma causes damage to the brain.",""],["Brain Injuries, Diffuse",763,0.0,"D000070625","C10.228.140.199.388",1,"Description: Brain injuries occurring over a wide area instead of<br>specific focal area.",""],["Brain Injuries, Diffuse",763,0.0,"D000070625","C10.900.300.087.219",1,"Description: Brain injuries occurring over a wide area instead of<br>specific focal area.",""],["Brain Injury, Chronic",1098,0.0,"D020208","C10.228.140.199.500",1,"Description: Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage<br>or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. This disorder may<br>result from DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES;<br>BRAIN EDEMA; and other conditions. Clinical features may include<br>DEMENTIA; focal neurologic deficits; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE;<br>AKINETIC MUTISM; or COMA.",""],["Brain Injury, Chronic",1098,0.0,"D020208","C10.900.300.087.250",1,"Description: Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage<br>or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. This disorder may<br>result from DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES;<br>BRAIN EDEMA; and other conditions. Clinical features may include<br>DEMENTIA; focal neurologic deficits; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE;<br>AKINETIC MUTISM; or COMA.",""],["Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced",5922,0.0,"D004409","C10.228.662.262.500",1,"Description: Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS;<br>HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of<br>certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck,<br>and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia<br>refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the<br>face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic<br>agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)",""],["Tardive Dyskinesia",354,0.0,"D000071057","C10.597.350.275.500",0,"Description: Drug-related movement disorder characterized by<br>uncontrollable movements in certain muscles. It is associated<br>with a long-term exposure to certain neuroleptic medications<br>(e.g., METOCLOPRAMIDE).",""],["Delirium",11421,0.0,"D003693","C10.597.606.337.500",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by CONFUSION;<br>inattentiveness; disorientation; ILLUSIONS; HALLUCINATIONS;<br>agitation; and in some instances autonomic nervous system<br>overactivity. It may result from toxic/metabolic conditions or<br>structural brain lesions. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp411-2)",""],["Epileptic Syndromes",27090,0.1,"D000073376","C10.228.140.490.493",13,"Description: EPILEPTIC SEIZURES that are of similar type and age<br>of onset and have other similar features (e.g., clinical course,<br>EEG findings, genetic association and neuropathology).",""],["Trisomy 13 Syndrome",138,0.0,"D000073839","C10.597.606.360.835",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 13. Clinical manifestations include<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS), facial<br>malformations (e.g., CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; COLOBOMA;<br>MICROPHTHALMIA); HYPOTONIA, digit malformations (e.g.,<br>POLYDACTYLY or SYNDACTYLY), and SEIZURES and severe INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY associated with NERVOUS SYSTEM MALFORMATIONS.",""],["Intracranial Hemorrhages",66756,0.3,"D020300","C10.228.140.300.535",19,"Description: Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in<br>the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of<br>blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial<br>epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.",""],["Hallucinations",7397,0.0,"D006212","C10.597.606.762.300",1,"Description: Subjectively experienced sensations in the absence<br>of an appropriate stimulus, but which are regarded by the<br>individual as real. They may be of organic origin or associated<br>with MENTAL DISORDERS.",""],["Korsakoff Syndrome",536,0.0,"D020915","C10.597.606.525.400",1,"Description: An acquired cognitive disorder characterized by<br>inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories.<br>This disorder is frequently associated with chronic ALCOHOLISM;<br>but it may also result from dietary deficiencies; CRANIOCEREBRAL<br>TRAUMA; NEOPLASMS; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; ENCEPHALITIS;<br>EPILEPSY; and other conditions. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)",""],["Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome",11,0.0,"D000076042","C10.720.112.100.250",0,"Description: A neurological disorder characterized by<br>inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. It<br>is caused by THIAMINE DEFICIENCY due to chronic ALCOHOLISM.",""],["Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy",83,0.0,"D000076984","C10.668.829.100.750",0,"Description: Perinatal nerve injury involving the BRACHIAL PLEXUS<br>involving a weak or paralyzed upper extremity.",""],["Cauda Equina Syndrome",172,0.0,"D000077684","C10.668.829.550.350",0,"Description: Compressive lesion affecting the nerve roots of the<br>CAUDA EQUINA (e.g., compression, herniation, inflammation,<br>rupture, or stenosis), which controls the function of the bladder<br>and bowel. Symptoms may include neurological dysfunction of<br>bladder or bowels, loss of sexual sensation and altered sensation<br>or paralysis in the lower extremities.",""],["Polyradiculoneuropathy",14243,0.1,"D011129","C10.668.829.800.750",5,"Description: Diseases characterized by injury or dysfunction<br>involving multiple peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process<br>may primarily affect myelin or nerve axons. Two of the more<br>common demyelinating forms are acute inflammatory<br>polyradiculopathy (GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME) and<br>POLYRADICULONEUROPATHY, CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING.<br>Polyradiculoneuritis refers to inflammation of multiple<br>peripheral nerves and spinal nerve roots.",""],["Synesthesia",60,0.0,"D000080311","C10.597.606.762.850",0,"Description: The experience of involuntary sensory cross<br>activation where the presentation of a particular stimulus<br>elicits a secondary sensory-perceptual experience. It most<br>commonly occurs in the association of color with linguistic<br>stimuli such as letters, numbers, words, or music, but can also<br>occur between other senses. Although synesthesia can be acquired<br>or transient due to trauma or drug use, there is also a strong<br>genetic component, with a prevalence of about 1 in 2,000<br>individuals and a female to male ratio of 6:1.",""],["Locked-In Syndrome",34,0.0,"D000080422","C10.597.622.760.500",0,"Description: Acquired neuromuscular disorder characterized by<br>complete paralysis of voluntary muscles and lower CRANIAL NERVES<br>except for limited voluntary eye movements. It is due to various<br>cerebrospinal disconnections at or near the PONS and the<br>POSTERIOR CRANIAL FOSSA, typically secondary to pontine<br>hemorrhage or infarct. Because cognitive function is intact it is<br>sometimes referred to as a pseudocoma state.",""],["Infratentorial Neoplasms",11822,0.1,"D015192","C10.228.140.211.500",3,"Description: Intracranial tumors originating in the region of the<br>brain inferior to the TENTORIUM CEREBELLI, which contains the<br>cerebellum, FOURTH VENTRICLE; CEREBELLOPONTINE ANGLE; BRAIN STEM,<br>and related structures. Primary tumors of this region are more<br>frequent in children, and may present with ATAXIA; CRANIAL NERVE<br>DISEASES; vomiting; HEADACHE; HYDROCEPHALUS; or other signs of<br>neurologic dysfunction. Relatively frequent histologic subtypes<br>include TERATOMA; MEDULLOBLASTOMA; GLIOBLASTOMA; ASTROCYTOMA;<br>EPENDYMOMA; CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA; and choroid plexus papilloma<br>(PAPILLOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS).",""],["Infratentorial Neoplasms",11822,0.1,"D015192","C10.551.240.250.400",3,"Description: Intracranial tumors originating in the region of the<br>brain inferior to the TENTORIUM CEREBELLI, which contains the<br>cerebellum, FOURTH VENTRICLE; CEREBELLOPONTINE ANGLE; BRAIN STEM,<br>and related structures. Primary tumors of this region are more<br>frequent in children, and may present with ATAXIA; CRANIAL NERVE<br>DISEASES; vomiting; HEADACHE; HYDROCEPHALUS; or other signs of<br>neurologic dysfunction. Relatively frequent histologic subtypes<br>include TERATOMA; MEDULLOBLASTOMA; GLIOBLASTOMA; ASTROCYTOMA;<br>EPENDYMOMA; CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA; and choroid plexus papilloma<br>(PAPILLOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS).",""],["Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy",163,0.0,"D000080485","C10.228.140.490.746",0,"Description: Sudden death in a patient with EPILEPSY associated<br>with SEIZURES and seizure-related symptoms (e.g., APNEA;<br>HYPOXEMIA) without other identifiable accidental causes (e.g.,<br>DROWNING; WOUNDS AND INJURIES).",""],["Language Disorders",49739,0.2,"D007806","C10.597.606.150.500",19,"Description: Conditions characterized by deficiencies of<br>comprehension or expression of written and spoken forms of<br>language. These include acquired and developmental disorders.",""],["Mandibular Nerve Injuries",20,0.0,"D000080902","C10.292.200.875.750",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the MANDIBULAR NERVE and its<br>branches. Note that marginal mandibular nerve injury is a type of<br>FACIAL NERVE INJURIES. Injuries to LINGUAL NERVE branch of<br>mandibular nerve is LINGUAL NERVE INJURIES.",""],["Trigeminal Nerve Diseases",8881,0.0,"D020433","C10.292.319.625.700",4,"Description: Diseases of the trigeminal nerve or its nuclei,<br>which are located in the pons and medulla. The nerve is composed<br>of three divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular, which<br>provide sensory innervation to structures of the face, sinuses,<br>and portions of the cranial vault. The mandibular nerve also<br>innervates muscles of mastication. Clinical features include loss<br>of facial and intra-oral sensation and weakness of jaw closure.<br>Common conditions affecting the nerve include brain stem<br>ischemia, INFRATENTORIAL NEOPLASMS, and TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA.",""],["Trigeminal Nerve Injuries",1322,0.0,"D061221","C10.900.300.218.775",2,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. It may<br>result in extreme pain, abnormal sensation in the areas the nerve<br>innervates on face, jaw, gums and tongue and can cause<br>difficulties with speech and chewing. It is sometimes associated<br>with various dental treatments.",""],["Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome",34,0.0,"D000080942","C10.228.140.199.850",0,"Description: A reperfusion syndrome characterized by various<br>pathophysiological processes after CARDIAC ARREST. It may<br>include post-cardiac arrest brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA,<br>BRAIN), cardiocirculatory dysfunction, (e.g., systemic ISCHEMIA),<br>HYPERGLYCEMIA; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE and delayed death.",""],["Toxic Optic Neuropathy",20,0.0,"D000081028","C10.292.200.750.500",0,"Description: Damage to the eye or its function (e.g., VISUAL<br>IMPAIRMENT) due to OPTIC NERVE damage secondary to toxic<br>substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or<br>RADIATION.",""],["Toxic Optic Neuropathy",20,0.0,"D000081028","C10.292.700.475.500",0,"Description: Damage to the eye or its function (e.g., VISUAL<br>IMPAIRMENT) due to OPTIC NERVE damage secondary to toxic<br>substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or<br>RADIATION.",""],["Optic Nerve Injuries",1841,0.0,"D020221","C10.900.300.218.550",1,"Description: Injuries to the optic nerve induced by a trauma to<br>the face or head. These may occur with closed or penetrating<br>injuries. Relatively minor compression of the superior aspect of<br>orbit may also result in trauma to the optic nerve. Clinical<br>manifestations may include visual loss, PAPILLEDEMA, and an<br>afferent pupillary defect.",""],["Muscular Dystrophies",28419,0.1,"D009136","C10.668.491.175.500",10,"Description: A heterogeneous group of inherited MYOPATHIES,<br>characterized by wasting and weakness of the SKELETAL MUSCLE.<br>They are categorized by the sites of MUSCLE WEAKNESS; AGE OF<br>ONSET; and INHERITANCE PATTERNS.",""],["Stroke",147183,0.6,"D020521","C10.228.140.300.775",14,"Description: A group of pathological conditions characterized by<br>sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN<br>ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the<br>type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location,<br>vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual,<br>and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)",""],["Anosmia",202,0.0,"D000086582","C10.597.751.600.500",0,"Description: Complete or severe loss of the subjective sense of<br>smell. Loss of smell may be caused by many factors such as a<br>cold, allergy, OLFACTORY NERVE DISEASES, viral RESPIRATORY TRACT<br>INFECTIONS (e.g., COVID-19), aging and various neurological<br>disorders (e.g., ALZHEIMER DISEASE).",""],["Vascular Depression",1,0.0,"D000088323","C10.228.140.300.794",0,"Description: Late-life depression associated with clinical or MRI<br>defined cerebrovascular pathology.",""],["Acrodynia",367,0.0,"D000170","C10.720.475.600.150",0,"Description: A condition seen primarily in childhood, most often<br>resulting from chronic exposure to MERCURY COMPOUNDS which may<br>result in encephalopathy and POLYNEUROPATHY. Clinical features<br>include pain, swelling and pinkish discoloration of the fingers<br>and toes, weakness in the extremities, extreme irritability,<br>HYPERESTHESIA, and alterations in level of consciousness. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p603)",""],["Adie Syndrome",309,0.0,"D000270","C10.292.562.700.250",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by a TONIC PUPIL that<br>occurs in combination with decreased lower extremity reflexes.<br>The affected pupil will respond more briskly to accommodation<br>than to light (light-near dissociation) and is supersensitive to<br>dilute pilocarpine eye drops, which induce pupillary<br>constriction. Pathologic features include degeneration of the<br>ciliary ganglion and postganglionic parasympathetic fibers that<br>innervate the pupillary constrictor muscle. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p279)",""],["Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn",54471,0.2,"D020739","C10.228.140.163.100",61,"Description: Brain disorders resulting from inborn metabolic<br>errors, primarily from enzymatic defects which lead to substrate<br>accumulation, product reduction, or increase in toxic metabolites<br>through alternate pathways. The majority of these conditions are<br>familial, however spontaneous mutation may also occur in utero.",""],["Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases",5502,0.0,"D020279","C10.228.140.695.625",6,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by a loss of<br>MYELIN in the central nervous system.",""],["Mental Retardation, X-Linked",14489,0.1,"D038901","C10.597.606.360.455",9,"Description: A class of genetic disorders resulting in<br>INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY that is associated either with mutations<br>of GENES located on the X CHROMOSOME or aberrations in the<br>structure of the X chromosome (SEX CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS).",""],["Ageusia",327,0.0,"D000370","C10.597.751.861.184",0,"Description: Complete or severe loss of the subjective sense of<br>taste, frequently accompanied by OLFACTION DISORDERS.",""],["Agnosia",2883,0.0,"D000377","C10.597.606.762.100",2,"Description: Loss of the ability to comprehend the meaning or<br>recognize the importance of various forms of stimulation that<br>cannot be attributed to impairment of a primary sensory modality.<br>Tactile agnosia is characterized by an inability to perceive the<br>shape and nature of an object by touch alone, despite unimpaired<br>sensation to light touch, position, and other primary sensory<br>modalities.",""],["Alzheimer Disease",104721,0.4,"D000544","C10.228.140.380.100",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by<br>the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment,<br>attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe<br>APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition<br>primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by<br>severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES;<br>NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)",""],["Amblyopia",5866,0.0,"D000550","C10.597.751.941.073",0,"Description: A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision.<br>Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced<br>amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced<br>amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A<br>discrepancy between visual information received by the visual<br>cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development.<br>STRABISMUS and REFRACTIVE ERRORS may cause this condition. Toxic<br>amblyopia is a disorder of the OPTIC NERVE which is associated<br>with ALCOHOLISM, tobacco SMOKING, and other toxins and as an<br>adverse effect of the use of some medications.",""],["Amnesia",7150,0.0,"D000647","C10.597.606.525.100",3,"Description: Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability<br>to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new<br>memories (AMNESIA, ANTEROGRADE). This condition may be of organic<br>or psychologic origin. Organic forms of amnesia are usually<br>associated with dysfunction of the DIENCEPHALON or HIPPOCAMPUS.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-7)",""],["Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases",9617,0.0,"D059345","C10.228.140.300.275",6,"Description: Pathological processes or diseases where cerebral<br>MICROVESSELS show abnormalities. They are often associated with<br>aging, hypertension and risk factors for lacunar infarcts (see<br>LACUNAR INFARCTION); LEUKOARAIOSIS; and CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Apraxias",2759,0.0,"D001072","C10.597.606.881.350",3,"Description: A group of cognitive disorders characterized by the<br>inability to perform previously learned skills that cannot be<br>attributed to deficits of motor or sensory function. The two<br>major subtypes of this condition are ideomotor (see APRAXIA,<br>IDEOMOTOR) and ideational apraxia, which refers to loss of the<br>ability to mentally formulate the processes involved with<br>performing an action. For example, dressing apraxia may result<br>from an inability to mentally formulate the act of placing<br>clothes on the body. Apraxias are generally associated with<br>lesions of the dominant PARIETAL LOBE and supramarginal gyrus.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp56-7)",""],["Cerebellar Ataxia",10651,0.0,"D002524","C10.228.140.252.190",3,"Description: Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as<br>a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features<br>include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot<br>a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted<br>movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of<br>diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)",""],["Cerebellar Ataxia",10651,0.0,"D002524","C10.597.350.090.500",3,"Description: Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as<br>a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features<br>include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot<br>a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted<br>movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of<br>diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)",""],["Auditory Perceptual Disorders",1419,0.0,"D001308","C10.228.140.068.094",0,"Description: Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of<br>AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced ability to<br>perceive information contained in auditory stimuli despite intact<br>auditory pathways. Affected individuals have difficulty with<br>speech perception, sound localization, and comprehending the<br>meaning of inflections of speech.",""],["Auditory Perceptual Disorders",1419,0.0,"D001308","C10.597.606.762.200",0,"Description: Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of<br>AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced ability to<br>perceive information contained in auditory stimuli despite intact<br>auditory pathways. Affected individuals have difficulty with<br>speech perception, sound localization, and comprehending the<br>meaning of inflections of speech.",""],["Blindness",16953,0.1,"D001766","C10.597.751.941.162",5,"Description: The inability to see or the loss or absence of<br>perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of<br>EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or<br>BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE.",""],["Brain Concussion",11301,0.0,"D001924","C10.900.300.350.300",2,"Description: A nonspecific term used to describe transient<br>alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head<br>injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few<br>seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be<br>classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods<br>of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in<br>duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-<br>HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th<br>ed, p418)",""],["Unconsciousness",30580,0.1,"D014474","C10.597.606.358.800",8,"Description: Loss of the ability to maintain awareness of self<br>and environment combined with markedly reduced responsiveness to<br>environmental stimuli. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp344-5)",""],["Carotid Artery Diseases",49019,0.2,"D002340","C10.228.140.300.200",6,"Description: Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID<br>ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid<br>arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent<br>causes of carotid artery pathology.",""],["Median Neuropathy",9492,0.0,"D020423","C10.668.829.500.500",1,"Description: Disease involving the median nerve, from its origin<br>at the BRACHIAL PLEXUS to its termination in the hand. Clinical<br>features include weakness of wrist and finger flexion, forearm<br>pronation, thenar abduction, and loss of sensation over the<br>lateral palm, first three fingers, and radial half of the ring<br>finger. Common sites of injury include the elbow, where the nerve<br>passes through the two heads of the pronator teres muscle<br>(pronator syndrome) and in the carpal tunnel (CARPAL TUNNEL<br>SYNDROME).",""],["Carpal Tunnel Syndrome",8986,0.0,"D002349","C10.668.829.550.200",0,"Description: Entrapment of the MEDIAN NERVE in the carpal tunnel,<br>which is formed by the flexor retinaculum and the CARPAL BONES.<br>This syndrome may be associated with repetitive occupational<br>trauma (CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS); wrist injuries; AMYLOID<br>NEUROPATHIES; rheumatoid arthritis (see ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID);<br>ACROMEGALY; PREGNANCY; and other conditions. Symptoms include<br>burning pain and paresthesias involving the ventral surface of<br>the hand and fingers which may radiate proximally. Impairment of<br>sensation in the distribution of the median nerve and thenar<br>muscle atrophy may occur. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51,<br>p45)",""],["Disorders of Excessive Somnolence",7747,0.0,"D006970","C10.886.425.800.200",4,"Description: Disorders characterized by hypersomnolence during<br>normal waking hours that may impair cognitive functioning.<br>Subtypes include primary hypersomnia disorders (e.g., IDIOPATHIC<br>HYPERSOMNOLENCE; NARCOLEPSY; and KLEINE-LEVIN SYNDROME) and<br>secondary hypersomnia disorders where excessive somnolence can be<br>attributed to a known cause (e.g., drug affect, MENTAL DISORDERS,<br>and SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME). (From J Neurol Sci 1998 Jan<br>8;153(2):192-202; Thorpy, Principles and Practice of Sleep<br>Medicine, 2nd ed, p320)",""],["Causalgia",517,0.0,"D002422","C10.668.829.250.200",0,"Description: A complex regional pain syndrome characterized by<br>burning pain and marked sensitivity to touch (HYPERESTHESIA) in<br>the distribution of an injured peripheral nerve. Autonomic<br>dysfunction in the form of sudomotor (i.e., sympathetic<br>innervation to sweat glands), vasomotor, and trophic skin changes<br>may also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1359)",""],["Causalgia",517,0.0,"D002422","C10.668.829.600.200",0,"Description: A complex regional pain syndrome characterized by<br>burning pain and marked sensitivity to touch (HYPERESTHESIA) in<br>the distribution of an injured peripheral nerve. Autonomic<br>dysfunction in the form of sudomotor (i.e., sympathetic<br>innervation to sweat glands), vasomotor, and trophic skin changes<br>may also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1359)",""],["Spinocerebellar Degenerations",9299,0.0,"D013132","C10.228.140.252.700",5,"Description: A heterogenous group of degenerative syndromes<br>marked by progressive cerebellar dysfunction either in isolation<br>or combined with other neurologic manifestations. Sporadic and<br>inherited subtypes occur. Inheritance patterns include autosomal<br>dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked.",""],["Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia",177,0.0,"D002527","C10.228.854.787.500",0,"Description: A condition marked by progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA<br>combined with MYOCLONUS usually presenting in the third decade of<br>life or later. Additional clinical features may include<br>generalized and focal SEIZURES, spasticity, and DYSKINESIAS.<br>Autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant patterns of<br>inheritance have been reported. Pathologically, the dentate<br>nucleus and brachium conjunctivum of the CEREBELLUM are atrophic,<br>with variable involvement of the spinal cord, cerebellar cortex,<br>and basal ganglia. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>pp60-1)",""],["Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia",177,0.0,"D002527","C10.574.500.825.250",0,"Description: A condition marked by progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA<br>combined with MYOCLONUS usually presenting in the third decade of<br>life or later. Additional clinical features may include<br>generalized and focal SEIZURES, spasticity, and DYSKINESIAS.<br>Autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant patterns of<br>inheritance have been reported. Pathologically, the dentate<br>nucleus and brachium conjunctivum of the CEREBELLUM are atrophic,<br>with variable involvement of the spinal cord, cerebellar cortex,<br>and basal ganglia. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>pp60-1)",""],["Cerebellar Neoplasms",8625,0.0,"D002528","C10.228.140.252.200",0,"Description: Primary or metastatic neoplasms of the CEREBELLUM.<br>Tumors in this location frequently present with ATAXIA or signs<br>of INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION due to obstruction of the fourth<br>ventricle. Common primary cerebellar tumors include fibrillary<br>ASTROCYTOMA and cerebellar HEMANGIOBLASTOMA. The cerebellum is a<br>relatively common site for tumor metastases from the lung,<br>breast, and other distant organs. (From Okazaki & Scheithauer,<br>Atlas of Neuropathology, 1988, p86 and p141)",""],["Intracranial Arterial Diseases",57266,0.2,"D020765","C10.228.140.300.510",11,"Description: Pathological conditions involving ARTERIES in the<br>skull, such as arteries supplying the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM,<br>the BRAIN STEM, and associated structures. They include<br>atherosclerotic, congenital, traumatic, infectious, inflammatory,<br>and other pathological processes.",""],["Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations",9008,0.0,"D002538","C10.228.140.300.520",1,"Description: Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain<br>characterized by direct communication between an artery and a<br>vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and<br>size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES;<br>SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and<br>vascular steal effect.",""],["Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis",18057,0.1,"D002542","C10.228.140.300.525",6,"Description: Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which<br>supply intracranial structures. Emboli may originate from<br>extracranial or intracranial sources. Thrombosis may occur in<br>arterial or venous structures.",""],["Brain Ischemia",111314,0.5,"D002545","C10.228.140.300.150",13,"Description: Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue<br>due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This<br>frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA,<br>BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.",""],["Cerebral Palsy",20793,0.1,"D002547","C10.228.140.140.254",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor<br>disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that originate in the<br>prenatal period, perinatal period, or first few years of life.<br>The four major subtypes are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed<br>cerebral palsy, with spastic forms being the most common. The<br>motor disorder may range from difficulties with fine motor<br>control to severe spasticity (see MUSCLE SPASTICITY) in all<br>limbs. Spastic diplegia (Little disease) is the most common<br>subtype, and is characterized by spasticity that is more<br>prominent in the legs than in the arms. Pathologically, this<br>condition may be associated with LEUKOMALACIA, PERIVENTRICULAR.<br>(From Dev Med Child Neurol 1998 Aug;40(8):520-7)",""],["Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS",16480,0.1,"D020278","C10.228.140.695.562",5,"Description: Conditions characterized by loss or dysfunction of<br>myelin (see MYELIN SHEATH) in the brain, spinal cord, or optic<br>nerves secondary to autoimmune mediated processes. This may take<br>the form of a humoral or cellular immune response directed toward<br>myelin or OLIGODENDROGLIA associated autoantigens.",""],["Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms",4197,0.0,"D002551","C10.228.140.211.280",2,"Description: Neoplasms located in the brain ventricles, including<br>the two lateral, the third, and the fourth ventricle. Ventricular<br>tumors may be primary (e.g., CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS and GLIOMA,<br>SUBEPENDYMAL), metastasize from distant organs, or occur as<br>extensions of locally invasive tumors from adjacent brain<br>structures.",""],["Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms",4197,0.0,"D002551","C10.551.240.250.200",2,"Description: Neoplasms located in the brain ventricles, including<br>the two lateral, the third, and the fourth ventricle. Ventricular<br>tumors may be primary (e.g., CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS and GLIOMA,<br>SUBEPENDYMAL), metastasize from distant organs, or occur as<br>extensions of locally invasive tumors from adjacent brain<br>structures.",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea",789,0.0,"D002558","C10.900.300.109.500",0,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through the<br>external auditory meatus or through the eustachian tube into the<br>nasopharynx. This is usually associated with CRANIOCEREBRAL<br>TRAUMA (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE involving the TEMPORAL BONE;),<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES; or other conditions, but may rarely<br>occur spontaneously. (From Am J Otol 1995 Nov;16(6):765-71)",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea",2383,0.0,"D002559","C10.900.300.109.750",0,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through the nose.<br>Common etiologies include trauma, neoplasms, and prior surgery,<br>although the condition may occur spontaneously. (Otolaryngol Head<br>Neck Surg 1997 Apr;116(4):442-9)",""],["Thoracic Outlet Syndrome",2528,0.0,"D013901","C10.668.829.550.850",1,"Description: A neurovascular syndrome associated with compression<br>of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS; SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY; and SUBCLAVIAN VEIN at<br>the superior thoracic outlet. This may result from a variety of<br>anomalies such as a CERVICAL RIB, anomalous fascial bands, and<br>abnormalities of the origin or insertion of the anterior or<br>medial scalene muscles. Clinical features may include pain in the<br>shoulder and neck region which radiates into the arm, PARESIS or<br>PARALYSIS of brachial plexus innervated muscles, PARESTHESIA,<br>loss of sensation, reduction of arterial pulses in the affected<br>extremity, ISCHEMIA, and EDEMA. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp214-5).",""],["Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease",4400,0.0,"D002607","C10.574.500.495.200",0,"Description: A hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy<br>transmitted most often as an autosomal dominant trait and<br>characterized by progressive distal wasting and loss of reflexes<br>in the muscles of the legs (and occasionally involving the arms).<br>Onset is usually in the second to fourth decade of life. This<br>condition has been divided into two subtypes, hereditary motor<br>and sensory neuropathy (HMSN) types I and II. HMSN I is<br>associated with abnormal nerve conduction velocities and nerve<br>hypertrophy, features not seen in HMSN II. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy",8134,0.0,"D015417","C10.668.829.800.300",5,"Description: A group of slowly progressive inherited disorders<br>affecting motor and sensory peripheral nerves. Subtypes include<br>HMSNs I-VII. HMSN I and II both refer to CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH<br>DISEASE. HMSN III refers to hypertrophic neuropathy of infancy.<br>HMSN IV refers to REFSUM DISEASE. HMSN V refers to a condition<br>marked by a hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated<br>with spastic paraplegia (see SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA, HEREDITARY).<br>HMSN VI refers to HMSN associated with an inherited optic atrophy<br>(OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY), and HMSN VII refers to HMSN<br>associated with retinitis pigmentosa. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Chorea",17061,0.1,"D002819","C10.228.662.262.249",3,"Description: Involuntary, forcible, rapid, jerky movements that<br>may be subtle or become confluent, markedly altering normal<br>patterns of movement. Hypotonia and pendular reflexes are often<br>associated. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent<br>episodes of chorea as a primary manifestation of disease are<br>referred to as CHOREATIC DISORDERS. Chorea is also a frequent<br>manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.",""],["Headache Disorders, Primary",36543,0.2,"D051270","C10.228.140.546.399",10,"Description: Conditions in which the primary symptom is HEADACHE<br>and the headache cannot be attributed to any known causes.",""],["Color Vision Defects",3358,0.0,"D003117","C10.597.751.941.256",0,"Description: Defects of color vision are mainly hereditary traits<br>but can be secondary to acquired or developmental abnormalities<br>in the CONES (RETINA). Severity of hereditary defects of color<br>vision depends on the degree of mutation of the ROD OPSINS genes<br>(on X CHROMOSOME and CHROMOSOME 3) that code the photopigments<br>for red, green and blue.",""],["Cri-du-Chat Syndrome",584,0.0,"D003410","C10.597.606.360.180",0,"Description: An infantile syndrome characterized by a cat-like<br>cry, failure to thrive, microcephaly, MENTAL RETARDATION, spastic<br>quadriparesis, micro- and retrognathia, glossoptosis, bilateral<br>epicanthus, hypertelorism, and tiny external genitalia. It is<br>caused by a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5 (5p-).",""],["Dandy-Walker Syndrome",809,0.0,"D003616","C10.228.140.252.300",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality of the central nervous<br>system marked by failure of the midline structures of the<br>cerebellum to develop, dilation of the fourth ventricle, and<br>upward displacement of the transverse sinuses, tentorium, and<br>torcula. Clinical features include occipital bossing, progressive<br>head enlargement, bulging of anterior fontanelle, papilledema,<br>ataxia, gait disturbances, nystagmus, and intellectual<br>compromise. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>pp294-5)",""],["Dandy-Walker Syndrome",809,0.0,"D003616","C10.228.140.602.500",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality of the central nervous<br>system marked by failure of the midline structures of the<br>cerebellum to develop, dilation of the fourth ventricle, and<br>upward displacement of the transverse sinuses, tentorium, and<br>torcula. Clinical features include occipital bossing, progressive<br>head enlargement, bulging of anterior fontanelle, papilledema,<br>ataxia, gait disturbances, nystagmus, and intellectual<br>compromise. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>pp294-5)",""],["De Lange Syndrome",881,0.0,"D003635","C10.597.606.360.210",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by growth retardation,<br>severe MENTAL RETARDATION, short stature, a low-pitched growling<br>cry, brachycephaly, low-set ears, webbed neck, carp mouth,<br>depressed nasal bridge, bushy eyebrows meeting at the midline,<br>hirsutism, and malformations of the hands. The condition may<br>occur sporadically or be associated with an autosomal dominant<br>pattern of inheritance or duplication of the long arm of<br>chromosome 3. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p231)",""],["Hearing Loss",75557,0.3,"D034381","C10.597.751.418.341",16,"Description: A general term for the complete or partial loss of<br>the ability to hear from one or both ears.",""],["Polymyositis",10207,0.0,"D017285","C10.668.491.562.575",1,"Description: Diseases characterized by inflammation involving<br>multiple muscles. This may occur as an acute or chronic condition<br>associated with medication toxicity (DRUG TOXICITY); CONNECTIVE<br>TISSUE DISEASES; infections; malignant NEOPLASMS; and other<br>disorders. The term polymyositis is frequently used to refer to a<br>specific clinical entity characterized by subacute or slowly<br>progressing symmetrical weakness primarily affecting the proximal<br>limb and trunk muscles. The illness may occur at any age, but is<br>most frequent in the fourth to sixth decade of life. Weakness of<br>pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, interstitial lung disease, and<br>inflammation of the myocardium may also occur. Muscle biopsy<br>reveals widespread destruction of segments of muscle fibers and<br>an inflammatory cellular response. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1404-9)",""],["Diplopia",2492,0.0,"D004172","C10.597.751.941.339",0,"Description: A visual symptom in which a single object is<br>perceived by the visual cortex as two objects rather than one.<br>Disorders associated with this condition include REFRACTIVE<br>ERRORS; STRABISMUS; OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES; TROCHLEAR NERVE<br>DISEASES; ABDUCENS NERVE DISEASES; and diseases of the BRAIN STEM<br>and OCCIPITAL LOBE.",""],["Down Syndrome",21593,0.1,"D004314","C10.597.606.360.220",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated either with an<br>extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21.<br>Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature,<br>brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus,<br>Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears,<br>short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and<br>moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and<br>gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the<br>incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE<br>are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features<br>include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and<br>the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology<br>of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th<br>ed, p213)",""],["Dysautonomia, Familial",943,0.0,"D004402","C10.574.500.493.250",0,"Description: An autosomal disorder of the peripheral and<br>autonomic nervous systems limited to individuals of Ashkenazic<br>Jewish descent. Clinical manifestations are present at birth and<br>include diminished lacrimation, defective thermoregulation,<br>orthostatic hypotension (HYPOTENSION, ORTHOSTATIC), fixed pupils,<br>excessive SWEATING, loss of pain and temperature sensation, and<br>absent reflexes. Pathologic features include reduced numbers of<br>small diameter peripheral nerve fibers and autonomic ganglion<br>neurons. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1348; Nat Genet 1993;4(2):160-4)",""],["Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies",1814,0.0,"D009477","C10.668.829.800.175",1,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>degeneration of dorsal root and autonomic ganglion cells, and<br>clinically by loss of sensation and autonomic dysfunction. There<br>are five subtypes. Type I features autosomal dominant inheritance<br>and distal sensory involvement. Type II is characterized by<br>autosomal inheritance and distal and proximal sensory loss. Type<br>III is DYSAUTONOMIA, FAMILIAL. Type IV features insensitivity to<br>pain, heat intolerance, and mental deficiency. Type V is<br>characterized by a selective loss of pain with intact light touch<br>and vibratory sensation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995,<br>Ch51, pp142-4)",""],["Dysgeusia",370,0.0,"D004408","C10.597.751.861.479",0,"Description: A condition characterized by alterations of the<br>sense of taste which may range from mild to severe, including<br>gross distortions of taste quality.",""],["Learning Disabilities",19937,0.1,"D007859","C10.597.606.150.550",3,"Description: Conditions characterized by a significant<br>discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect<br>and their ability to acquire new language and other cognitive<br>skills. These may result from organic or psychological<br>conditions. Relatively common subtypes include DYSLEXIA,<br>DYSCALCULIA, and DYSGRAPHIA.",""],["Dystonia Musculorum Deformans",740,0.0,"D004422","C10.228.140.079.357",0,"Description: A condition characterized by focal DYSTONIA that<br>progresses to involuntary spasmodic contractions of the muscles<br>of the legs, trunk, arms, and face. The hands are often spared,<br>however, sustained axial and limb contractions may lead to a<br>state where the body is grossly contorted. Onset is usually in<br>the first or second decade. Familial patterns of inheritance,<br>primarily autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance, have<br>been identified. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1078)",""],["Dystonia Musculorum Deformans",740,0.0,"D004422","C10.228.662.300.200",0,"Description: A condition characterized by focal DYSTONIA that<br>progresses to involuntary spasmodic contractions of the muscles<br>of the legs, trunk, arms, and face. The hands are often spared,<br>however, sustained axial and limb contractions may lead to a<br>state where the body is grossly contorted. Onset is usually in<br>the first or second decade. Familial patterns of inheritance,<br>primarily autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance, have<br>been identified. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1078)",""],["Encephalitis, Viral",25992,0.1,"D018792","C10.228.228.245.340",14,"Description: Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result<br>of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or<br>secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.",""],["Encephalitis, Viral",25992,0.1,"D018792","C10.228.228.399.750",14,"Description: Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result<br>of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or<br>secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.",""],["Encephalitis, Viral",25992,0.1,"D018792","C10.586.250.520.750",14,"Description: Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result<br>of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or<br>secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C10.228.228.291.323",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",377,0.0,"D004684","C10.114.375.225.500",0,"Description: A fulminant and often fatal demyelinating disease of<br>the brain which primarily affects young adults and children.<br>Clinical features include the rapid onset of weakness, SEIZURES,<br>and COMA. It may follow a viral illness or MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE<br>infections but in most instances there is no precipitating event.<br>Pathologic examination reveals marked perivascular demyelination<br>and necrosis of white matter with microhemorrhages. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp924-5)",""],["Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",377,0.0,"D004684","C10.314.350.225.500",0,"Description: A fulminant and often fatal demyelinating disease of<br>the brain which primarily affects young adults and children.<br>Clinical features include the rapid onset of weakness, SEIZURES,<br>and COMA. It may follow a viral illness or MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE<br>infections but in most instances there is no precipitating event.<br>Pathologic examination reveals marked perivascular demyelination<br>and necrosis of white matter with microhemorrhages. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp924-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine",474,0.0,"D004685","C10.586.500.406.225",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central<br>America and the northern latitudes of South America. The<br>causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is<br>transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito<br>species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain<br>restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis,<br>usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may<br>rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Epilepsies, Partial",23849,0.1,"D004828","C10.228.140.490.360",6,"Description: Conditions characterized by recurrent paroxysmal<br>neuronal discharges which arise from a focal region of the brain.<br>Partial seizures are divided into simple and complex, depending<br>on whether consciousness is unaltered (simple partial seizure) or<br>disturbed (complex partial seizure). Both types may feature a<br>wide variety of motor, sensory, and autonomic symptoms. Partial<br>seizures may be classified by associated clinical features or<br>anatomic location of the seizure focus. A secondary generalized<br>seizure refers to a partial seizure that spreads to involve the<br>brain diffusely. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp317)",""],["Epilepsy, Generalized",16885,0.1,"D004829","C10.228.140.490.375",10,"Description: Recurrent conditions characterized by epileptic<br>seizures which arise diffusely and simultaneously from both<br>hemispheres of the brain. Classification is generally based upon<br>motor manifestations of the seizure (e.g., convulsive,<br>nonconvulsive, akinetic, atonic, etc.) or etiology (e.g.,<br>idiopathic, cryptogenic, and symptomatic). (From Mayo Clin Proc,<br>1996 Apr;71(4):405-14)",""],["Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic",1015,0.0,"D004834","C10.228.140.199.650",0,"Description: Recurrent seizures causally related to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Seizure onset may be immediate but is<br>typically delayed for several days after the injury and may not<br>occur for up to two years. The majority of seizures have a focal<br>onset that correlates clinically with the site of brain injury.<br>Cerebral cortex injuries caused by a penetrating foreign object<br>(CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, PENETRATING) are more likely than closed<br>head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED) to be associated with<br>epilepsy. Concussive convulsions are nonepileptic phenomena that<br>occur immediately after head injury and are characterized by<br>tonic and clonic movements. (From Rev Neurol 1998<br>Feb;26(150):256-261; Sports Med 1998 Feb;25(2):131-6)",""],["Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic",1015,0.0,"D004834","C10.228.140.490.380",0,"Description: Recurrent seizures causally related to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Seizure onset may be immediate but is<br>typically delayed for several days after the injury and may not<br>occur for up to two years. The majority of seizures have a focal<br>onset that correlates clinically with the site of brain injury.<br>Cerebral cortex injuries caused by a penetrating foreign object<br>(CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, PENETRATING) are more likely than closed<br>head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED) to be associated with<br>epilepsy. Concussive convulsions are nonepileptic phenomena that<br>occur immediately after head injury and are characterized by<br>tonic and clonic movements. (From Rev Neurol 1998<br>Feb;26(150):256-261; Sports Med 1998 Feb;25(2):131-6)",""],["Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic",1015,0.0,"D004834","C10.900.300.087.600",0,"Description: Recurrent seizures causally related to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Seizure onset may be immediate but is<br>typically delayed for several days after the injury and may not<br>occur for up to two years. The majority of seizures have a focal<br>onset that correlates clinically with the site of brain injury.<br>Cerebral cortex injuries caused by a penetrating foreign object<br>(CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, PENETRATING) are more likely than closed<br>head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED) to be associated with<br>epilepsy. Concussive convulsions are nonepileptic phenomena that<br>occur immediately after head injury and are characterized by<br>tonic and clonic movements. (From Rev Neurol 1998<br>Feb;26(150):256-261; Sports Med 1998 Feb;25(2):131-6)",""],["Esotropia",2491,0.0,"D004948","C10.292.562.887.300",0,"Description: A form of ocular misalignment characterized by an<br>excessive convergence of the visual axes, resulting in a \"cross-<br>eye\" appearance. An example of this condition occurs when<br>paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle causes an abnormal inward<br>deviation of one eye on attempted gaze.",""],["Exotropia",1608,0.0,"D005099","C10.292.562.887.650",0,"Description: A form of ocular misalignment where the visual axes<br>diverge inappropriately. For example, medial rectus muscle<br>weakness may produce this condition as the affected eye will<br>deviate laterally upon attempted forward gaze. An exotropia<br>occurs due to the relatively unopposed force exerted on the eye<br>by the lateral rectus muscle, which pulls the eye in an outward<br>direction.",""],["Eye Injuries",21960,0.1,"D005131","C10.900.300.284.250",5,"Description: Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external<br>means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular<br>injuries.",""],["Friedreich Ataxia",2533,0.0,"D005621","C10.228.854.787.200",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood<br>onset, characterized pathologically by degeneration of the<br>spinocerebellar tracts, posterior columns, and to a lesser extent<br>the corticospinal tracts. Clinical manifestations include GAIT<br>ATAXIA, pes cavus, speech impairment, lateral curvature of spine,<br>rhythmic head tremor, kyphoscoliosis, congestive heart failure<br>(secondary to a cardiomyopathy), and lower extremity weakness.<br>Most forms of this condition are associated with a mutation in a<br>gene on chromosome 9, at band q13, which codes for the<br>mitochondrial protein frataxin. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1081; N Engl J Med 1996 Oct<br>17;335(16):1169-75) The severity of Friedreich ataxia associated<br>with expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin<br>gene correlates with the number of trinucleotide repeats. (From<br>Durr et al, N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75)",""],["Friedreich Ataxia",2533,0.0,"D005621","C10.574.500.825.200",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood<br>onset, characterized pathologically by degeneration of the<br>spinocerebellar tracts, posterior columns, and to a lesser extent<br>the corticospinal tracts. Clinical manifestations include GAIT<br>ATAXIA, pes cavus, speech impairment, lateral curvature of spine,<br>rhythmic head tremor, kyphoscoliosis, congestive heart failure<br>(secondary to a cardiomyopathy), and lower extremity weakness.<br>Most forms of this condition are associated with a mutation in a<br>gene on chromosome 9, at band q13, which codes for the<br>mitochondrial protein frataxin. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1081; N Engl J Med 1996 Oct<br>17;335(16):1169-75) The severity of Friedreich ataxia associated<br>with expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin<br>gene correlates with the number of trinucleotide repeats. (From<br>Durr et al, N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75)",""],["Tourette Syndrome",4764,0.0,"D005879","C10.228.140.079.898",0,"Description: A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations<br>in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission involving frontal-<br>subcortical neuronal circuits. Both multiple motor and one or<br>more vocal tics need to be present with TICS occurring many times<br>a day, nearly daily, over a period of more than one year. The<br>onset is before age 18 and the disturbance is not due to direct<br>physiological effects of a substance or another medical<br>condition. The disturbance causes marked distress or significant<br>impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of<br>functioning. (From DSM-IV, 1994; Neurol Clin 1997<br>May;15(2):357-79)",""],["Tourette Syndrome",4764,0.0,"D005879","C10.228.662.825.800",0,"Description: A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations<br>in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission involving frontal-<br>subcortical neuronal circuits. Both multiple motor and one or<br>more vocal tics need to be present with TICS occurring many times<br>a day, nearly daily, over a period of more than one year. The<br>onset is before age 18 and the disturbance is not due to direct<br>physiological effects of a substance or another medical<br>condition. The disturbance causes marked distress or significant<br>impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of<br>functioning. (From DSM-IV, 1994; Neurol Clin 1997<br>May;15(2):357-79)",""],["Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration",513,0.0,"D006211","C10.228.140.079.800",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive degenerative disorder<br>which usually presents in late childhood or adolescence. Clinical<br>manifestations include progressive MUSCLE SPASTICITY;<br>hyperreflexia; MUSCLE RIGIDITY; DYSTONIA; DYSARTHRIA; and<br>intellectual deterioration which progresses to severe dementia<br>over several years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p972; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd<br>ed, pp972-929)",""],["Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration",513,0.0,"D006211","C10.228.140.744.320",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive degenerative disorder<br>which usually presents in late childhood or adolescence. Clinical<br>manifestations include progressive MUSCLE SPASTICITY;<br>hyperreflexia; MUSCLE RIGIDITY; DYSTONIA; DYSARTHRIA; and<br>intellectual deterioration which progresses to severe dementia<br>over several years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p972; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd<br>ed, pp972-929)",""],["Hearing Loss, Central",636,0.0,"D006313","C10.228.140.068.432",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to disease of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS<br>(in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) which originate in the COCHLEAR<br>NUCLEI of the PONS and then ascend bilaterally to the MIDBRAIN,<br>the THALAMUS, and then the AUDITORY CORTEX in the TEMPORAL LOBE.<br>Bilateral lesions of the auditory pathways are usually required<br>to cause central hearing loss. Cortical deafness refers to loss<br>of hearing due to bilateral auditory cortex lesions. Unilateral<br>BRAIN STEM lesions involving the cochlear nuclei may result in<br>unilateral hearing loss.",""],["Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial",2905,0.0,"D006407","C10.900.300.837.300",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the EPIDURAL SPACE between<br>the SKULL and the DURA MATER, often as a result of bleeding from<br>the MENINGEAL ARTERIES associated with a temporal or parietal<br>bone fracture. Epidural hematoma tends to expand rapidly,<br>compressing the dura and underlying brain. Clinical features may<br>include HEADACHE; VOMITING; HEMIPARESIS; and impaired mental<br>function.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural",8115,0.0,"D006408","C10.900.300.837.600",3,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between<br>the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This<br>condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL<br>HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA,<br>SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the<br>acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom<br>onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness,<br>severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.",""],["Hemianopsia",1974,0.0,"D006423","C10.597.751.941.512",0,"Description: Partial or complete loss of vision in one half of<br>the visual field(s) of one or both eyes. Subtypes include<br>altitudinal hemianopsia, characterized by a visual defect above<br>or below the horizontal meridian of the visual field. Homonymous<br>hemianopsia refers to a visual defect that affects both eyes<br>equally, and occurs either to the left or right of the midline of<br>the visual field. Binasal hemianopsia consists of loss of vision<br>in the nasal hemifields of both eyes. Bitemporal hemianopsia is<br>the bilateral loss of vision in the temporal fields.<br>Quadrantanopsia refers to loss of vision in one quarter of the<br>visual field in one or both eyes.",""],["Hepatic Encephalopathy",8889,0.0,"D006501","C10.228.140.163.360",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by central nervous system<br>dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-<br>systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION<br>(frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS,<br>PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and<br>decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor<br>plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY<br>may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of<br>Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.0,"D006527","C10.228.140.079.493",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Horner Syndrome",1598,0.0,"D006732","C10.597.690.362.500",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with defective sympathetic<br>innervation to one side of the face, including the eye. Clinical<br>features include MIOSIS; mild BLEPHAROPTOSIS; and hemifacial<br>ANHIDROSIS (decreased sweating)(see HYPOHIDROSIS). Lesions of the<br>BRAIN STEM; cervical SPINAL CORD; first thoracic nerve root; apex<br>of the LUNG; CAROTID ARTERY; CAVERNOUS SINUS; and apex of the<br>ORBIT may cause this condition. (From Miller et al., Clinical<br>Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp500-11)",""],["Huntington Disease",12805,0.1,"D006816","C10.228.140.079.545",0,"Description: A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal<br>dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive<br>CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common<br>initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control;<br>DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually<br>intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS;<br>and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops,<br>leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease<br>onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including<br>SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4)",""],["Huntington Disease",12805,0.1,"D006816","C10.228.140.380.278",0,"Description: A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal<br>dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive<br>CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common<br>initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control;<br>DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually<br>intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS;<br>and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops,<br>leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease<br>onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including<br>SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4)",""],["Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure",2695,0.0,"D006850","C10.228.140.602.750",0,"Description: A form of compensated hydrocephalus characterized<br>clinically by a slowly progressive gait disorder (see GAIT<br>DISORDERS, NEUROLOGIC), progressive intellectual decline, and<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE. Spinal fluid pressure tends to be in the<br>high normal range. This condition may result from processes which<br>interfere with the absorption of CSF including SUBARACHNOID<br>HEMORRHAGE, chronic MENINGITIS, and other conditions. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp631-3)",""],["Hyperalgesia",8724,0.0,"D006930","C10.597.751.791.400",0,"Description: An increased sensation of pain or discomfort<br>produced by minimally noxious stimuli due to damage to soft<br>tissue containing NOCICEPTORS or injury to a peripheral nerve.",""],["Hyperesthesia",622,0.0,"D006941","C10.597.751.791.450",0,"Description: Increased sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation due<br>to a diminished threshold or an increased response to stimuli.",""],["Hypesthesia",1313,0.0,"D006987","C10.597.751.791.500",0,"Description: Absent or reduced sensitivity to cutaneous<br>stimulation.",""],["Hypotension, Orthostatic",4509,0.0,"D007024","C10.177.575.600.450",0,"Description: A significant drop in BLOOD PRESSURE after assuming<br>a standing position. Orthostatic hypotension is a finding, and<br>defined as a 20-mm Hg decrease in systolic pressure or a 10-mm Hg<br>decrease in diastolic pressure 3 minutes after the person has<br>risen from supine to standing. Symptoms generally include<br>DIZZINESS, blurred vision, and SYNCOPE.",""],["Supratentorial Neoplasms",26938,0.1,"D015173","C10.228.140.211.885",3,"Description: Primary and metastatic (secondary) tumors of the<br>brain located above the tentorium cerebelli, a fold of dura mater<br>separating the CEREBELLUM and BRAIN STEM from the cerebral<br>hemispheres and DIENCEPHALON (i.e., THALAMUS and HYPOTHALAMUS and<br>related structures). In adults, primary neoplasms tend to arise<br>in the supratentorial compartment, whereas in children they occur<br>more frequently in the infratentorial space. Clinical<br>manifestations vary with the location of the lesion, but<br>SEIZURES; APHASIA; HEMIANOPSIA; hemiparesis; and sensory deficits<br>are relatively common features. Metastatic supratentorial<br>neoplasms are frequently multiple at the time of presentation.",""],["Hypothalamic Neoplasms",24690,0.1,"D007029","C10.228.140.617.477",2,"Description: Benign and malignant tumors of the HYPOTHALAMUS.<br>Pilocytic astrocytomas and hamartomas are relatively frequent<br>histologic types. Neoplasms of the hypothalamus frequently<br>originate from adjacent structures, including the OPTIC CHIASM,<br>optic nerve (see OPTIC NERVE NEOPLASMS), and pituitary gland (see<br>PITUITARY NEOPLASMS). Relatively frequent clinical manifestations<br>include visual loss, developmental delay, macrocephaly, and<br>precocious puberty. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2051)",""],["Supratentorial Neoplasms",26938,0.1,"D015173","C10.551.240.250.700",3,"Description: Primary and metastatic (secondary) tumors of the<br>brain located above the tentorium cerebelli, a fold of dura mater<br>separating the CEREBELLUM and BRAIN STEM from the cerebral<br>hemispheres and DIENCEPHALON (i.e., THALAMUS and HYPOTHALAMUS and<br>related structures). In adults, primary neoplasms tend to arise<br>in the supratentorial compartment, whereas in children they occur<br>more frequently in the infratentorial space. Clinical<br>manifestations vary with the location of the lesion, but<br>SEIZURES; APHASIA; HEMIANOPSIA; hemiparesis; and sensory deficits<br>are relatively common features. Metastatic supratentorial<br>neoplasms are frequently multiple at the time of presentation.",""],["Illusions",4865,0.0,"D007088","C10.597.606.762.400",0,"Description: The misinterpretation of a real external, sensory<br>experience.",""],["Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders",13585,0.1,"D007319","C10.886.425.800.800",1,"Description: Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability<br>to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary<br>disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric<br>condition.",""],["Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome",6294,0.0,"D007562","C10.228.140.380.165",0,"Description: A rare transmissible encephalopathy most prevalent<br>between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Affected individuals may<br>present with sleep disturbances, personality changes, ATAXIA;<br>APHASIA, visual loss, weakness, muscle atrophy, MYOCLONUS,<br>progressive dementia, and death within one year of disease onset.<br>A familial form exhibiting autosomal dominant inheritance and a<br>new variant CJD (potentially associated with ENCEPHALOPATHY,<br>BOVINE SPONGIFORM) have been described. Pathological features<br>include prominent cerebellar and cerebral cortical spongiform<br>degeneration and the presence of PRIONS. (From N Engl J Med, 1998<br>Dec 31;339(27))",""],["Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome",6294,0.0,"D007562","C10.228.228.800.230",0,"Description: A rare transmissible encephalopathy most prevalent<br>between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Affected individuals may<br>present with sleep disturbances, personality changes, ATAXIA;<br>APHASIA, visual loss, weakness, muscle atrophy, MYOCLONUS,<br>progressive dementia, and death within one year of disease onset.<br>A familial form exhibiting autosomal dominant inheritance and a<br>new variant CJD (potentially associated with ENCEPHALOPATHY,<br>BOVINE SPONGIFORM) have been described. Pathological features<br>include prominent cerebellar and cerebral cortical spongiform<br>degeneration and the presence of PRIONS. (From N Engl J Med, 1998<br>Dec 31;339(27))",""],["Maxillofacial Injuries",16488,0.1,"D008446","C10.900.300.284.500",6,"Description: General or unspecified injuries involving the face<br>and jaw (either upper, lower, or both).",""],["Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External",1192,0.0,"D017246","C10.292.562.750.250",1,"Description: A mitochondrial myopathy characterized by slowly<br>progressive paralysis of the levator palpebrae, orbicularis<br>oculi, and extraocular muscles. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are<br>found on muscle biopsy. Familial and sporadic forms may occur.<br>Disease onset is usually in the first or second decade of life,<br>and the illness slowly progresses until usually all ocular<br>motility is lost. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1422)",""],["Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External",1192,0.0,"D017246","C10.597.622.447.511",1,"Description: A mitochondrial myopathy characterized by slowly<br>progressive paralysis of the levator palpebrae, orbicularis<br>oculi, and extraocular muscles. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are<br>found on muscle biopsy. Familial and sporadic forms may occur.<br>Disease onset is usually in the first or second decade of life,<br>and the illness slowly progresses until usually all ocular<br>motility is lost. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1422)",""],["Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External",1192,0.0,"D017246","C10.668.491.500.700",1,"Description: A mitochondrial myopathy characterized by slowly<br>progressive paralysis of the levator palpebrae, orbicularis<br>oculi, and extraocular muscles. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are<br>found on muscle biopsy. Familial and sporadic forms may occur.<br>Disease onset is usually in the first or second decade of life,<br>and the illness slowly progresses until usually all ocular<br>motility is lost. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1422)",""],["Kernicterus",1034,0.0,"D007647","C10.228.140.163.480",0,"Description: A term used pathologically to describe BILIRUBIN<br>staining of the BASAL GANGLIA; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM and<br>clinically to describe a syndrome associated with<br>HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Clinical features include athetosis, MUSCLE<br>SPASTICITY or hypotonia, impaired vertical gaze, and DEAFNESS.<br>Nonconjugated bilirubin enters the brain and acts as a<br>neurotoxin, often in association with conditions that impair the<br>BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER (e.g., SEPSIS). This condition occurs<br>primarily in neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN), but may rarely occur in<br>adults. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p613)",""],["Kuru",421,0.0,"D007729","C10.228.228.800.435",0,"Description: A prion disease found exclusively among the Fore<br>linguistic group natives of the highlands of NEW GUINEA. The<br>illness is primarily restricted to adult females and children of<br>both sexes. It is marked by the subacute onset of tremor and<br>ataxia followed by motor weakness and incontinence. Death occurs<br>within 3-6 months of disease onset. The condition is associated<br>with ritual cannibalism, and has become rare since this practice<br>has been discontinued. Pathologic features include a<br>noninflammatory loss of neurons that is most prominent in the<br>cerebellum, glial proliferation, and amyloid plaques. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p773)",""],["Laurence-Moon Syndrome",505,0.0,"D007849","C10.228.140.617.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive condition characterized by<br>hypogonadism; spinocerebellar degeneration; MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and OBESITY. This syndrome was previously<br>referred to as Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome until BARDET-BIEDL<br>SYNDROME was identified as a distinct entity. (From N Engl J Med.<br>1989 Oct 12;321(15):1002-9)",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C10.228.140.695.750",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Leukomalacia, Periventricular",1089,0.0,"D007969","C10.228.140.300.700",0,"Description: Degeneration of white matter adjacent to the<br>CEREBRAL VENTRICLES following cerebral hypoxia or BRAIN ISCHEMIA<br>in neonates. The condition primarily affects white matter in the<br>perfusion zone between superficial and deep branches of the<br>MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY. Clinical manifestations include VISION<br>DISORDERS; CEREBRAL PALSY; PARAPLEGIA; SEIZURES; and cognitive<br>disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1021; Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch4, pp30-1)",""],["Leukomalacia, Periventricular",1089,0.0,"D007969","C10.228.140.461.550",0,"Description: Degeneration of white matter adjacent to the<br>CEREBRAL VENTRICLES following cerebral hypoxia or BRAIN ISCHEMIA<br>in neonates. The condition primarily affects white matter in the<br>perfusion zone between superficial and deep branches of the<br>MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY. Clinical manifestations include VISION<br>DISORDERS; CEREBRAL PALSY; PARAPLEGIA; SEIZURES; and cognitive<br>disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1021; Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch4, pp30-1)",""],["Meningitis, Viral",3893,0.0,"D008587","C10.228.228.245.500",1,"Description: Viral infections of the leptomeninges and<br>subarachnoid space. TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; RUBELLA; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORBIVIRUS<br>infections; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; JC VIRUS<br>infections; and RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS may cause this form of<br>meningitis. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, neck<br>pain, vomiting, PHOTOPHOBIA, and signs of meningeal irritation.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)",""],["Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis",1772,0.0,"D008216","C10.586.625.400.500",0,"Description: A form of meningitis caused by LYMPHOCYTIC<br>CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS. MICE and other rodents serve as the<br>natural hosts, and infection in humans usually occurs through<br>inhalation or ingestion of infectious particles. Clinical<br>manifestations include an influenza-like syndrome followed by<br>stiff neck, alterations of mentation, ATAXIA, and incontinence.<br>Maternal infections may result in fetal malformations and injury,<br>including neonatal HYDROCEPHALUS, aqueductal stenosis,<br>CHORIORETINITIS, and MICROCEPHALY. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)",""],["Meige Syndrome",282,0.0,"D008538","C10.228.140.079.590",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by orofacial DYSTONIA;<br>including BLEPHAROSPASM; forceful jaw opening; lip retraction;<br>platysma muscle spasm; and tongue protrusion. It primarily<br>affects older adults, with an incidence peak in the seventh<br>decade of life. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p108)",""],["Meige Syndrome",282,0.0,"D008538","C10.228.662.300.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by orofacial DYSTONIA;<br>including BLEPHAROSPASM; forceful jaw opening; lip retraction;<br>platysma muscle spasm; and tongue protrusion. It primarily<br>affects older adults, with an incidence peak in the seventh<br>decade of life. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p108)",""],["Meningioma",17555,0.1,"D008579","C10.551.240.500.500",0,"Description: A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well<br>differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low<br>potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur.<br>Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal<br>region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove,<br>and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and<br>Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)",""],["Meningitis, Bacterial",24539,0.1,"D016920","C10.228.228.180.500",7,"Description: Bacterial infections of the leptomeninges and<br>subarachnoid space, frequently involving the cerebral cortex,<br>cranial nerves, cerebral blood vessels, spinal cord, and nerve<br>roots.",""],["Meningitis, Haemophilus",1618,0.0,"D008583","C10.586.625.280.393",0,"Description: Infections of the nervous system caused by bacteria<br>of the genus HAEMOPHILUS, and marked by prominent inflammation of<br>the MENINGES. HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B is the most common<br>causative organism. The condition primarily affects children<br>under 6 years of age but may occur in adults.",""],["Meningitis, Listeria",692,0.0,"D008584","C10.586.625.280.449",0,"Description: Inflammation of the meninges caused by LISTERIA<br>MONOCYTOGENES infection, usually occurring in individuals under<br>the age of 3 years or over the age of 50 years. It may occur at<br>any age in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES.<br>Clinical manifestations include FEVER, altered mentation,<br>HEADACHE, meningeal signs, focal neurologic signs, and SEIZURES.<br>(From Medicine 1998 Sep;77(5):313-36)",""],["Meningitis, Meningococcal",4703,0.0,"D008585","C10.586.625.280.505",1,"Description: A fulminant infection of the meninges and<br>subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS,<br>producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous<br>thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal<br>rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor,<br>focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism<br>is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a<br>leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults.<br>Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and<br>W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr<br>1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)",""],["Meningitis, Pneumococcal",2777,0.0,"D008586","C10.586.625.280.560",0,"Description: An acute purulent infection of the meninges and<br>subarachnoid space caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, most<br>prevalent in children and adults over the age of 60. This illness<br>may be associated with OTITIS MEDIA; MASTOIDITIS; SINUSITIS;<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; sickle cell disease (ANEMIA, SICKLE<br>CELL); skull fractures; and other disorders. Clinical<br>manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; neck stiffness; and<br>somnolence followed by SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits<br>(notably DEAFNESS); and COMA. (From Miller et al., Merritt's<br>Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p111)",""],["Meningoencephalitis",6437,0.0,"D008590","C10.228.140.430.550",1,"Description: An inflammatory process involving the brain<br>(ENCEPHALITIS) and meninges (MENINGITIS), most often produced by<br>pathogenic organisms which invade the central nervous system, and<br>occasionally by toxins, autoimmune disorders, and other<br>conditions.",""],["Meningoencephalitis",6437,0.0,"D008590","C10.228.228.245.550",1,"Description: An inflammatory process involving the brain<br>(ENCEPHALITIS) and meninges (MENINGITIS), most often produced by<br>pathogenic organisms which invade the central nervous system, and<br>occasionally by toxins, autoimmune disorders, and other<br>conditions.",""],["Microcephaly",3979,0.0,"D008831","C10.500.507.400.500",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which the CEREBRUM is<br>underdeveloped, the fontanels close prematurely, and, as a<br>result, the head is small. (Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd<br>ed.)",""],["Muscle Rigidity",1285,0.0,"D009127","C10.597.613.550.500",0,"Description: Continuous involuntary sustained muscle contraction<br>which is often a manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES. When an<br>affected muscle is passively stretched, the degree of resistance<br>remains constant regardless of the rate at which the muscle is<br>stretched. This feature helps to distinguish rigidity from MUSCLE<br>SPASTICITY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p73)",""],["Muscle Spasticity",6964,0.0,"D009128","C10.597.613.550.550",0,"Description: A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper<br>MOTOR NEURON DISEASE. Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic<br>muscle results in minimal initial resistance (a \"free interval\")<br>followed by an incremental increase in muscle tone. Tone<br>increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is<br>usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of<br>MUSCLE WEAKNESS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p54)",""],["Myelitis, Transverse",1573,0.0,"D009188","C10.228.228.618.250",0,"Description: Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal<br>cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental demyelination<br>or necrosis. The condition may occur sporadically, follow an<br>infection or vaccination, or present as a paraneoplastic syndrome<br>(see also ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED). Clinical<br>manifestations include motor weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1242-6)",""],["Myelitis, Transverse",1573,0.0,"D009188","C10.228.854.525.553",0,"Description: Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal<br>cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental demyelination<br>or necrosis. The condition may occur sporadically, follow an<br>infection or vaccination, or present as a paraneoplastic syndrome<br>(see also ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED). Clinical<br>manifestations include motor weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1242-6)",""],["Myotonic Dystrophy",5442,0.0,"D009223","C10.668.491.606.750",0,"Description: Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE<br>MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies.<br>Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal<br>TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of<br>DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA<br>REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is<br>associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2.",""],["Myotonia Congenita",912,0.0,"D009224","C10.668.491.606.500",0,"Description: Inherited myotonic disorders with early childhood<br>onset MYOTONIA. Muscular hypertrophy is common and myotonia may<br>impair ambulation and other movements. It is classified as<br>Thomsen (autosomal dominant) or Becker (autosomal recessive)<br>generalized myotonia mainly based on the inheritance pattern.<br>Becker type is also clinically more severe. An autosomal dominant<br>variant with milder symptoms and later onset is known as myotonia<br>levior. Mutations in the voltage-dependent skeletal muscle<br>chloride channel are associated with the disorders.",""],["Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental",608,0.0,"D009444","C10.668.829.650.500",0,"Description: An experimental animal model for the demyelinating<br>disease of GUILLAINE-BARRE SYNDROME. In the most frequently used<br>protocol, animals are injected with a peripheral nerve tissue<br>protein homogenate. After approximately 2 weeks the animals<br>develop a neuropathy secondary to a T cell-mediated autoimmune<br>response directed towards the MYELIN P2 PROTEIN in peripheral<br>nerves. Pathologic findings include a perivascular accumulation<br>of macrophages and T lymphocytes in the peripheral nervous<br>system, similar to that seen in the Guillaine-Barre syndrome.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1314; J<br>Neuroimmunol 1998 Apr 1;84(1):40-52)",""],["Neurofibroma",3964,0.0,"D009455","C10.551.775.500.750",2,"Description: A moderately firm, benign, encapsulated tumor<br>resulting from proliferation of SCHWANN CELLS and FIBROBLASTS<br>that includes portions of nerve fibers. The tumors usually<br>develop along peripheral or cranial nerves and are a central<br>feature of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1, where they may occur<br>intracranially or involve spinal roots. Pathologic features<br>include fusiform enlargement of the involved nerve. Microscopic<br>examination reveals a disorganized and loose cellular pattern<br>with elongated nuclei intermixed with fibrous strands. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1016)",""],["Nerve Sheath Neoplasms",6268,0.0,"D018317","C10.668.829.725.500",3,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from nerve sheaths formed by<br>SCHWANN CELLS in the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM or by<br>OLIGODENDROCYTES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Malignant<br>peripheral nerve sheath tumors, NEUROFIBROMA, and NEURILEMMOMA<br>are relatively common tumors in this category.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 1",9737,0.0,"D009456","C10.574.500.549.400",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a<br>high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features<br>developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and<br>skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL<br>CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous<br>tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central<br>nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE<br>GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which<br>inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on<br>chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also<br>elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical<br>features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene<br>products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras<br>(RAS PROTEINS).",""],["Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome",2142,0.0,"D009459","C10.228.140.079.737",0,"Description: A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily<br>with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS)<br>which are in turn associated with dopaminergic receptor blockade<br>(see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) in the BASAL GANGLIA and HYPOTHALAMUS,<br>and sympathetic dysregulation. Clinical features include diffuse<br>MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; high FEVER; diaphoresis; labile blood<br>pressure; cognitive dysfunction; and autonomic disturbances.<br>Serum CPK level elevation and a leukocytosis may also be present.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199;<br>Psychiatr Serv 1998 Sep;49(9):1163-72)",""],["Neuromyelitis Optica",4417,0.0,"D009471","C10.114.375.600.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS;<br>MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in<br>the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific<br>autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4.",""],["Neuromyelitis Optica",4417,0.0,"D009471","C10.292.700.550.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS;<br>MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in<br>the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific<br>autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4.",""],["Neuromyelitis Optica",4417,0.0,"D009471","C10.314.350.600.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS;<br>MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in<br>the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific<br>autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4.",""],["Neurosyphilis",3732,0.0,"D009494","C10.228.228.180.600",1,"Description: Infections of the central nervous system caused by<br>TREPONEMA PALLIDUM which present with a variety of clinical<br>syndromes. The initial phase of infection usually causes a mild<br>or asymptomatic meningeal reaction. The meningovascular form may<br>present acutely as BRAIN INFARCTION. The infection may also<br>remain subclinical for several years. Late syndromes include<br>general paresis; TABES DORSALIS; meningeal syphilis; syphilitic<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; and spinal syphilis. General paresis is<br>characterized by progressive DEMENTIA; DYSARTHRIA; TREMOR;<br>MYOCLONUS; SEIZURES; and Argyll-Robertson pupils. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp722-8)",""],["Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies",587,0.0,"D009849","C10.177.575.550.375",0,"Description: A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which<br>share progressive ataxia in combination with atrophy of the<br>CEREBELLUM; PONS; and inferior olivary nuclei. Additional<br>clinical features may include MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS,<br>PATHOLOGIC; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA;<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; and OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. The familial form has<br>an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord<br>atrophy. The sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth<br>decade, and is considered a clinical subtype of MULTIPLE SYSTEM<br>ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1085)",""],["Multiple System Atrophy",3891,0.0,"D019578","C10.228.140.079.612",3,"Description: A syndrome complex composed of three conditions<br>which represent clinical variants of the same disease process:<br>STRIATONIGRAL DEGENERATION; SHY-DRAGER SYNDROME; and the sporadic<br>form of OLIVOPONTOCEREBELLAR ATROPHIES. Clinical features include<br>autonomic, cerebellar, and basal ganglia dysfunction. Pathologic<br>examination reveals atrophy of the basal ganglia, cerebellum,<br>pons, and medulla, with prominent loss of autonomic neurons in<br>the brain stem and spinal cord. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1076; Baillieres Clin Neurol 1997<br>Apr;6(1):187-204; Med Clin North Am 1999 Mar;83(2):381-92)",""],["Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies",587,0.0,"D009849","C10.228.662.550.600",0,"Description: A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which<br>share progressive ataxia in combination with atrophy of the<br>CEREBELLUM; PONS; and inferior olivary nuclei. Additional<br>clinical features may include MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS,<br>PATHOLOGIC; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA;<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; and OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. The familial form has<br>an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord<br>atrophy. The sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth<br>decade, and is considered a clinical subtype of MULTIPLE SYSTEM<br>ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1085)",""],["Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies",587,0.0,"D009849","C10.228.854.787.750",0,"Description: A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which<br>share progressive ataxia in combination with atrophy of the<br>CEREBELLUM; PONS; and inferior olivary nuclei. Additional<br>clinical features may include MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS,<br>PATHOLOGIC; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA;<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; and OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. The familial form has<br>an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord<br>atrophy. The sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth<br>decade, and is considered a clinical subtype of MULTIPLE SYSTEM<br>ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1085)",""],["Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies",587,0.0,"D009849","C10.574.500.825.650",0,"Description: A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which<br>share progressive ataxia in combination with atrophy of the<br>CEREBELLUM; PONS; and inferior olivary nuclei. Additional<br>clinical features may include MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS,<br>PATHOLOGIC; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA;<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; and OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. The familial form has<br>an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord<br>atrophy. The sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth<br>decade, and is considered a clinical subtype of MULTIPLE SYSTEM<br>ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1085)",""],["Paresthesia",2656,0.0,"D010292","C10.597.751.791.875",0,"Description: Subjective cutaneous sensations (e.g., cold, warmth,<br>tingling, pressure, etc.) that are experienced spontaneously in<br>the absence of stimulation.",""],["Parkinsonian Disorders",94101,0.4,"D020734","C10.228.140.079.862",5,"Description: A group of disorders which feature impaired motor<br>control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR;<br>and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally<br>divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE),<br>secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and<br>inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction<br>of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal<br>pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA.",""],["Parkinson Disease",75652,0.3,"D010300","C10.228.662.600.400",0,"Description: A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease<br>characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion<br>(i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture,<br>slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial<br>expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin<br>containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented<br>nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the<br>substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a<br>related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by<br>dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)",""],["Parkinson Disease, Secondary",5750,0.0,"D010302","C10.228.662.600.700",2,"Description: Conditions which feature clinical manifestations<br>resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known<br>or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by<br>vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms,<br>infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical<br>features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait,<br>and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in<br>secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42)",""],["Phantom Limb",1646,0.0,"D010591","C10.597.606.762.700",0,"Description: Perception of painful and nonpainful phantom<br>sensations that occur following the complete or partial loss of a<br>limb. The majority of individuals with an amputated extremity<br>will experience the impression that the limb is still present,<br>and in many cases, painful. (From Neurol Clin 1998<br>Nov;16(4):919-36; Brain 1998 Sep;121(Pt 9):1603-30)",""],["Sleep Apnea Syndromes",43780,0.2,"D012891","C10.886.425.800.750",3,"Description: Disorders characterized by multiple cessations of<br>respirations during sleep that induce partial arousals and<br>interfere with the maintenance of sleep. Sleep apnea syndromes<br>are divided into central (see SLEEP APNEA, CENTRAL), obstructive<br>(see SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE), and mixed central-obstructive<br>types.",""],["Pinealoma",1612,0.0,"D010871","C10.228.140.211.788",0,"Description: Neoplasms which originate from pineal parenchymal<br>cells that tend to enlarge the gland and be locally invasive. The<br>two major forms are pineocytoma and the more malignant<br>pineoblastoma. Pineocytomas have moderate cellularity and tend to<br>form rosette patterns. Pineoblastomas are highly cellular tumors<br>containing small, poorly differentiated cells. These tumors<br>occasionally seed the neuroaxis or cause obstructive<br>HYDROCEPHALUS or Parinaud's syndrome. GERMINOMA; CARCINOMA,<br>EMBRYONAL; GLIOMA; and other neoplasms may arise in the pineal<br>region with germinoma being the most common pineal region tumor.<br>(From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology,<br>5th ed, p2064; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p670)",""],["Pinealoma",1612,0.0,"D010871","C10.551.240.250.625",0,"Description: Neoplasms which originate from pineal parenchymal<br>cells that tend to enlarge the gland and be locally invasive. The<br>two major forms are pineocytoma and the more malignant<br>pineoblastoma. Pineocytomas have moderate cellularity and tend to<br>form rosette patterns. Pineoblastomas are highly cellular tumors<br>containing small, poorly differentiated cells. These tumors<br>occasionally seed the neuroaxis or cause obstructive<br>HYDROCEPHALUS or Parinaud's syndrome. GERMINOMA; CARCINOMA,<br>EMBRYONAL; GLIOMA; and other neoplasms may arise in the pineal<br>region with germinoma being the most common pineal region tumor.<br>(From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology,<br>5th ed, p2064; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p670)",""],["Pneumocephalus",1515,0.0,"D011007","C10.228.140.199.700",0,"Description: Presence of air or gas within the intracranial<br>cavity (e.g., epidural space, subdural space, intracerebral,<br>etc.) which may result from traumatic injuries, fistulous tract<br>formation, erosions of the skull from NEOPLASMS or infection,<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES, and other conditions.",""],["Pneumocephalus",1515,0.0,"D011007","C10.900.300.087.700",0,"Description: Presence of air or gas within the intracranial<br>cavity (e.g., epidural space, subdural space, intracerebral,<br>etc.) which may result from traumatic injuries, fistulous tract<br>formation, erosions of the skull from NEOPLASMS or infection,<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES, and other conditions.",""],["Poliomyelitis",20433,0.1,"D011051","C10.228.228.618.750",2,"Description: An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly<br>children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus<br>(POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the<br>gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often<br>asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal<br>cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis,<br>coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are<br>primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus<br>replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant<br>neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related<br>condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from<br>infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)",""],["Poliomyelitis",20433,0.1,"D011051","C10.228.854.525.850",2,"Description: An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly<br>children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus<br>(POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the<br>gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often<br>asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal<br>cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis,<br>coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are<br>primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus<br>replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant<br>neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related<br>condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from<br>infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)",""],["Poliomyelitis, Bulbar",880,0.0,"D011052","C10.586.750.850.500",0,"Description: A form of paralytic poliomyelitis affecting neurons<br>of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the brain stem. Clinical features<br>include impaired respiration, HYPERTENSION, alterations of<br>vasomotor control, and dysphagia. Weakness and atrophy of the<br>limbs and trunk due to spinal cord involvement is usually<br>associated. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p765)",""],["Prader-Willi Syndrome",3039,0.0,"D011218","C10.597.606.360.690",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder caused by deletion of<br>the proximal long arm of the paternal chromosome 15 (15q11-q13)<br>or by inheritance of both of the pair of chromosomes 15 from the<br>mother (UNIPARENTAL DISOMY) which are imprinted (GENETIC<br>IMPRINTING) and hence silenced. Clinical manifestations include<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; MUSCULAR HYPOTONIA; HYPERPHAGIA; OBESITY;<br>short stature; HYPOGONADISM; STRABISMUS; and HYPERSOMNOLENCE.<br>(Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p229)",""],["Pseudorabies",1657,0.0,"D011557","C10.228.228.245.710",0,"Description: A highly contagious herpesvirus infection affecting<br>the central nervous system of swine, cattle, dogs, cats, rats,<br>and other animals.",""],["Pseudotumor Cerebri",3736,0.0,"D011559","C10.228.140.631.750",0,"Description: A condition marked by raised intracranial pressure<br>and characterized clinically by HEADACHES; NAUSEA; PAPILLEDEMA,<br>peripheral constriction of the visual fields, transient visual<br>obscurations, and pulsatile TINNITUS. OBESITY is frequently<br>associated with this condition, which primarily affects women<br>between 20 and 44 years of age. Chronic PAPILLEDEMA may lead to<br>optic nerve injury (see OPTIC NERVE DISEASES) and visual loss<br>(see BLINDNESS).",""],["Psychomotor Agitation",3751,0.0,"D011595","C10.597.606.881.700",0,"Description: A feeling of restlessness associated with increased<br>motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous<br>system drug toxicity or other conditions.",""],["Hyperacusis",435,0.0,"D012001","C10.597.751.418.505",0,"Description: An abnormally disproportionate increase in the<br>sensation of loudness in response to auditory stimuli of normal<br>volume. COCHLEAR DISEASES; VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES;<br>FACIAL NERVE DISEASES; STAPES SURGERY; and other disorders may be<br>associated with this condition.",""],["Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy",3495,0.0,"D012019","C10.668.829.250.800",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by severe burning pain in<br>an extremity accompanied by sudomotor, vasomotor, and trophic<br>changes in bone without an associated specific nerve injury. This<br>condition is most often precipitated by trauma to soft tissue or<br>nerve complexes. The skin over the affected region is usually<br>erythematous and demonstrates hypersensitivity to tactile stimuli<br>and erythema. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1360; Pain 1995 Oct;63(1):127-33)",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C10.574.500.495.780",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Restless Legs Syndrome",4404,0.0,"D012148","C10.886.425.800.700",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by aching or burning<br>sensations in the lower and rarely the upper extremities that<br>occur prior to sleep or may awaken the patient from sleep.",""],["Reye Syndrome",1438,0.0,"D012202","C10.228.140.163.780",0,"Description: A form of encephalopathy with fatty infiltration of<br>the LIVER, characterized by brain EDEMA and VOMITING that may<br>rapidly progress to SEIZURES; COMA; and DEATH. It is caused by a<br>generalized loss of mitochondrial function leading to<br>disturbances in fatty acid and CARNITINE metabolism.",""],["Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome",518,0.0,"D012415","C10.597.606.360.700",0,"Description: A chromosomal disorder characterized by MENTAL<br>RETARDATION, broad thumbs, webbing of fingers and toes, beaked<br>nose, short upper lip, pouting lower lip, agenesis of corpus<br>callosum, large foramen magnum, keloid formation, pulmonary<br>stenosis, vertebral anomalies, chest wall anomalies, sleep apnea,<br>and megacolon. The disease has an autosomal dominant pattern of<br>inheritance and is associated with deletions of the short arm of<br>chromosome 16 (16p13.3).",""],["Sciatic Neuropathy",6163,0.0,"D020426","C10.668.829.500.675",2,"Description: Disease or damage involving the SCIATIC NERVE, which<br>divides into the PERONEAL NERVE and TIBIAL NERVE (see also<br>PERONEAL NEUROPATHIES and TIBIAL NEUROPATHY). Clinical<br>manifestations may include SCIATICA or pain localized to the hip,<br>PARESIS or PARALYSIS of posterior thigh muscles and muscles<br>innervated by the peroneal and tibial nerves, and sensory loss<br>involving the lateral and posterior thigh, posterior and lateral<br>leg, and sole of the foot. The sciatic nerve may be affected by<br>trauma; ISCHEMIA; COLLAGEN DISEASES; and other conditions. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1363)",""],["Sciatica",4075,0.0,"D012585","C10.668.829.600.800",0,"Description: A condition characterized by pain radiating from the<br>back into the buttock and posterior/lateral aspects of the leg.<br>Sciatica may be a manifestation of SCIATIC NEUROPATHY;<br>RADICULOPATHY (involving the SPINAL NERVE ROOTS; L4, L5, S1, or<br>S2, often associated with INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT); or<br>lesions of the CAUDA EQUINA.",""],["Scotoma",1667,0.0,"D012607","C10.597.751.941.811",0,"Description: A localized defect in the visual field bordered by<br>an area of normal vision. This occurs with a variety of EYE<br>DISEASES (e.g., RETINAL DISEASES and GLAUCOMA); OPTIC NERVE<br>DISEASES, and other conditions.",""],["Scrapie",2853,0.0,"D012608","C10.228.228.800.717",0,"Description: A fatal disease of the nervous system in sheep and<br>goats, characterized by pruritus, debility, and locomotor<br>incoordination. It is caused by proteinaceous infectious<br>particles called PRIONS.",""],["Shy-Drager Syndrome",435,0.0,"D012791","C10.177.575.550.750",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative condition of the<br>central and autonomic nervous systems characterized by atrophy of<br>the preganglionic lateral horn neurons of the thoracic spinal<br>cord. This disease is generally considered a clinical variant of<br>MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. Affected individuals present in the<br>fifth or sixth decade with ORTHOSTASIS and bladder dysfunction;<br>and later develop FECAL INCONTINENCE; anhidrosis; ATAXIA;<br>IMPOTENCE; and alterations of tone suggestive of basal ganglia<br>dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p536)",""],["Shy-Drager Syndrome",435,0.0,"D012791","C10.228.662.550.700",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative condition of the<br>central and autonomic nervous systems characterized by atrophy of<br>the preganglionic lateral horn neurons of the thoracic spinal<br>cord. This disease is generally considered a clinical variant of<br>MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. Affected individuals present in the<br>fifth or sixth decade with ORTHOSTASIS and bladder dysfunction;<br>and later develop FECAL INCONTINENCE; anhidrosis; ATAXIA;<br>IMPOTENCE; and alterations of tone suggestive of basal ganglia<br>dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p536)",""],["Somnambulism",511,0.0,"D013009","C10.886.659.635.700",0,"Description: A parasomnia characterized by a partial arousal that<br>occurs during stage IV of non-REM sleep. Affected individuals<br>exhibit semipurposeful behaviors such as ambulation and are<br>difficult to fully awaken. Children are primarily affected, with<br>a peak age range of 4-6 years.",""],["Subdural Effusion",831,0.0,"D013353","C10.228.228.709.675",0,"Description: Leakage and accumulation of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID in<br>the subdural space which may be associated with an infectious<br>process; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPOTENSION; and other conditions.",""],["Empyema, Subdural",773,0.0,"D013354","C10.228.228.709.300",0,"Description: An intracranial or rarely intraspinal suppurative<br>process invading the space between the inner surface of the DURA<br>MATER and the outer surface of the ARACHNOID.",""],["Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive",2584,0.0,"D013494","C10.228.140.079.882",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the central nervous system<br>characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS<br>(supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing<br>difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth<br>decade and disease progression occurs over several years.<br>Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and<br>neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS;<br>RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)",""],["Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive",2584,0.0,"D013494","C10.292.562.750.500",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the central nervous system<br>characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS<br>(supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing<br>difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth<br>decade and disease progression occurs over several years.<br>Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and<br>neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS;<br>RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)",""],["Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive",2584,0.0,"D013494","C10.597.622.447.690",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the central nervous system<br>characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS<br>(supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing<br>difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth<br>decade and disease progression occurs over several years.<br>Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and<br>neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS;<br>RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)",""],["Tangier Disease",376,0.0,"D013631","C10.668.829.800.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited disorder caused<br>by mutation of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS involved in<br>cellular cholesterol removal (reverse-cholesterol transport). It<br>is characterized by near absence of ALPHA-LIPOPROTEINS (high-<br>density lipoproteins) in blood. The massive tissue deposition of<br>cholesterol esters results in HEPATOMEGALY; SPLENOMEGALY;<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; large orange tonsils; and often sensory<br>POLYNEUROPATHY. The disorder was first found among inhabitants of<br>Tangier Island in the Chesapeake Bay, MD.",""],["Tibial Neuropathy",699,0.0,"D020429","C10.668.829.500.700",1,"Description: Disease of the TIBIAL NERVE (also referred to as the<br>posterior tibial nerve). The most commonly associated condition<br>is the TARSAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. However, LEG INJURIES; ISCHEMIA;<br>and inflammatory conditions (e.g., COLLAGEN DISEASES) may also<br>affect the nerve. Clinical features include PARALYSIS of plantar<br>flexion, ankle inversion and toe flexion as well as loss of<br>sensation over the sole of the foot. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p32)",""],["Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome",551,0.0,"D013641","C10.668.829.550.800",0,"Description: Entrapment of the distal branches of the posterior<br>TIBIAL NERVE (which divides into the medial plantar, lateral<br>plantar, and calcanial nerves) in the tarsal tunnel, which lies<br>posterior to the internal malleolus and beneath the retinaculum<br>of the flexor muscles of the foot. Symptoms include ankle pain<br>radiating into the foot which tends to be aggravated by walking.<br>Examination may reveal Tinel's sign (radiating pain following<br>nerve percussion) over the tibial nerve at the ankle, weakness<br>and atrophy of the small foot muscles, or loss of sensation in<br>the foot. (From Foot Ankle 1990;11(1):47-52)",""],["Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",9619,0.0,"D020293","C10.228.140.300.850",3,"Description: Inflammation of blood vessels within the central<br>nervous system. Primary vasculitis is usually caused by<br>autoimmune or idiopathic factors, while secondary vasculitis is<br>caused by existing disease process. Clinical manifestations are<br>highly variable but include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; behavioral<br>alterations; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;<br>and BRAIN INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp856-61)",""],["Tinnitus",7644,0.0,"D014012","C10.597.751.418.670",0,"Description: A nonspecific symptom of hearing disorder<br>characterized by the sensation of buzzing, ringing, clicking,<br>pulsations, and other noises in the ear. Objective tinnitus<br>refers to noises generated from within the ear or adjacent<br>structures that can be heard by other individuals. The term<br>subjective tinnitus is used when the sound is audible only to the<br>affected individual. Tinnitus may occur as a manifestation of<br>COCHLEAR DISEASES; VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; and other conditions.",""],["Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections",6016,0.0,"D020808","C10.228.228.205.300",3,"Description: Infections of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges by<br>single celled organisms of the former subkingdom known as<br>protozoa. The central nervous system may be the primary or<br>secondary site of protozoal infection. These diseases may occur<br>as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS or arise in immunocompetent hosts.",""],["Trismus",984,0.0,"D014313","C10.597.613.750.700",0,"Description: Spasmodic contraction of the masseter muscle<br>resulting in forceful jaw closure. This may be seen with a<br>variety of diseases, including TETANUS, as a complication of<br>radiation therapy, trauma, or in association with neoplastic<br>conditions.",""],["Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System",8114,0.0,"D020306","C10.228.228.180.850",2,"Description: Tuberculosis of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges<br>(TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL), most often caused by MYCOBACTERIUM<br>TUBERCULOSIS and rarely by MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The infection may<br>be limited to the nervous system or coexist in other organs<br>(e.g., TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY). The organism tends to seed the<br>meninges causing a diffuse meningitis and leads to the formation<br>of TUBERCULOMA, which may occur within the brain, spinal cord, or<br>perimeningeal spaces. Tuberculous involvement of the vertebral<br>column (TUBERCULOSIS, SPINAL) may result in nerve root or spinal<br>cord compression. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, pp717-20)",""],["Tuberculosis, Meningeal",6939,0.0,"D014390","C10.586.625.280.915",0,"Description: A form of bacterial meningitis caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The<br>organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which<br>subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute,<br>with progressions occurring over a period of several days or<br>longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by<br>SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits,<br>somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in<br>immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in<br>the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency<br>syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp717-9)",""],["Tuberous Sclerosis",6221,0.0,"D014402","C10.500.507.400.750",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome<br>classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and<br>skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules).<br>There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic<br>manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and<br>HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart,<br>kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that<br>encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with<br>the disease.",""],["Vascular Headaches",918,0.0,"D014653","C10.228.140.300.800",0,"Description: Secondary headache disorders attributed to a variety<br>of cranial or cervical vascular disorders, such as BRAIN<br>ISCHEMIA; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; and CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM<br>VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS.",""],["Headache Disorders, Secondary",3121,0.0,"D051271","C10.228.140.546.699",3,"Description: Conditions with HEADACHE symptom that can be<br>attributed to a variety of causes including BRAIN VASCULAR<br>DISORDERS; WOUNDS AND INJURIES; INFECTION; drug use or its<br>withdrawal.",""],["Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood",1652,0.0,"D014897","C10.228.854.468.800",0,"Description: A group of recessive inherited diseases that feature<br>progressive muscular atrophy and hypotonia. They are classified<br>as type I (Werdnig-Hoffman disease), type II (intermediate form),<br>and type III (Kugelberg-Welander disease). Type I is fatal in<br>infancy, type II has a late infantile onset and is associated<br>with survival into the second or third decade. Type III has its<br>onset in childhood, and is slowly progressive. (J Med Genet 1996<br>Apr:33(4):281-3)",""],["Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood",1652,0.0,"D014897","C10.574.562.500.750",0,"Description: A group of recessive inherited diseases that feature<br>progressive muscular atrophy and hypotonia. They are classified<br>as type I (Werdnig-Hoffman disease), type II (intermediate form),<br>and type III (Kugelberg-Welander disease). Type I is fatal in<br>infancy, type II has a late infantile onset and is associated<br>with survival into the second or third decade. Type III has its<br>onset in childhood, and is slowly progressive. (J Med Genet 1996<br>Apr:33(4):281-3)",""],["Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood",1652,0.0,"D014897","C10.668.467.500.750",0,"Description: A group of recessive inherited diseases that feature<br>progressive muscular atrophy and hypotonia. They are classified<br>as type I (Werdnig-Hoffman disease), type II (intermediate form),<br>and type III (Kugelberg-Welander disease). Type I is fatal in<br>infancy, type II has a late infantile onset and is associated<br>with survival into the second or third decade. Type III has its<br>onset in childhood, and is slowly progressive. (J Med Genet 1996<br>Apr:33(4):281-3)",""],["Wernicke Encephalopathy",1647,0.0,"D014899","C10.228.140.163.960",0,"Description: An acute neurological disorder characterized by the<br>triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and disturbances of mental<br>activity or consciousness. Eye movement abnormalities include<br>nystagmus, external rectus palsies, and reduced conjugate gaze.<br>THIAMINE DEFICIENCY and chronic ALCOHOLISM are associated<br>conditions. Pathologic features include periventricular petechial<br>hemorrhages and neuropil breakdown in the diencephalon and<br>brainstem. Chronic thiamine deficiency may lead to KORSAKOFF<br>SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1139-42; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed,<br>pp452-3)",""],["Optic Atrophies, Hereditary",2795,0.0,"D015418","C10.292.700.225.500",3,"Description: Hereditary conditions that feature progressive<br>visual loss in association with optic atrophy. Relatively common<br>forms include autosomal dominant optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHY,<br>AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT) and Leber hereditary optic atrophy (OPTIC<br>ATROPHY, HEREDITARY, LEBER).",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C10.574.500.662.980",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Dementia, Vascular",6508,0.0,"D015140","C10.228.140.300.400",2,"Description: An imprecise term referring to dementia associated<br>with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION<br>(single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic<br>BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have<br>been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44)",""],["Dementia, Vascular",6508,0.0,"D015140","C10.228.140.380.230",2,"Description: An imprecise term referring to dementia associated<br>with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION<br>(single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic<br>BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have<br>been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44)",""],["Dementia, Vascular",4691,0.0,"D015140","C10.228.140.695.500",0,"Description: An imprecise term referring to dementia associated<br>with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION<br>(single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic<br>BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have<br>been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44)",""],["Epidural Neoplasms",622,0.0,"D015174","C10.228.854.765.342",0,"Description: Neoplasms located in the space between the vertebral<br>PERIOSTEUM and DURA MATER surrounding the SPINAL CORD. Tumors in<br>this location are most often metastatic in origin and may cause<br>neurologic deficits by mass effect on the spinal cord or nerve<br>roots or by interfering with blood supply to the spinal cord.",""],["Epidural Neoplasms",622,0.0,"D015174","C10.551.240.750.200",0,"Description: Neoplasms located in the space between the vertebral<br>PERIOSTEUM and DURA MATER surrounding the SPINAL CORD. Tumors in<br>this location are most often metastatic in origin and may cause<br>neurologic deficits by mass effect on the spinal cord or nerve<br>roots or by interfering with blood supply to the spinal cord.",""],["Vision, Low",3177,0.0,"D015354","C10.597.751.941.905",0,"Description: Vision considered to be inferior to normal vision as<br>represented by accepted standards of acuity, field of vision, or<br>motility. Low vision generally refers to visual disorders that<br>are caused by diseases that cannot be corrected by refraction<br>(e.g., MACULAR DEGENERATION; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; DIABETIC<br>RETINOPATHY, etc.).",""],["Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary",1761,0.0,"D015419","C10.574.500.495.820",0,"Description: A group of inherited diseases that share similar<br>phenotypes but are genetically diverse. Different genetic loci<br>for autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and x-linked forms<br>of hereditary spastic paraplegia have been identified.<br>Clinically, patients present with slowly progressive distal limb<br>weakness and lower extremity spasticity. Peripheral sensory<br>neurons may be affected in the later stages of the disease. (J<br>Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Jan;64(1):61-6; Curr Opin Neurol<br>1997 Aug;10(4):313-8)",""],["Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic",1663,0.0,"D015493","C10.228.228.618.500",0,"Description: A subacute paralytic myeloneuropathy occurring<br>endemically in tropical areas such as the Caribbean, Colombia,<br>India, and Africa, as well as in the southwestern region of<br>Japan; associated with infection by HUMAN T-CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS<br>I. Clinical manifestations include a slowly progressive spastic<br>weakness of the legs, increased reflexes, Babinski signs,<br>incontinence, and loss of vibratory and position sensation. On<br>pathologic examination inflammatory, demyelination, and necrotic<br>lesions may be found in the spinal cord. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1239)",""],["Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic",1663,0.0,"D015493","C10.228.854.525.700",0,"Description: A subacute paralytic myeloneuropathy occurring<br>endemically in tropical areas such as the Caribbean, Colombia,<br>India, and Africa, as well as in the southwestern region of<br>Japan; associated with infection by HUMAN T-CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS<br>I. Clinical manifestations include a slowly progressive spastic<br>weakness of the legs, increased reflexes, Babinski signs,<br>incontinence, and loss of vibratory and position sensation. On<br>pathologic examination inflammatory, demyelination, and necrotic<br>lesions may be found in the spinal cord. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1239)",""],["AIDS Dementia Complex",3529,0.0,"D015526","C10.228.140.380.070",0,"Description: A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED<br>IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired<br>concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA,<br>incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1<br>viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic<br>examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction,<br>perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and<br>multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr<br>6;332(14):934-40)",""],["Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome",841,0.0,"D015624","C10.574.781.588.225",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and<br>fatigability of proximal muscles, particularly of the pelvic<br>girdle, lower extremities, trunk, and shoulder girdle. There is<br>relative sparing of extraocular and bulbar muscles. CARCINOMA,<br>SMALL CELL of the lung is a frequently associated condition,<br>although other malignancies and autoimmune diseases may be<br>associated. Muscular weakness results from impaired impulse<br>transmission at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. Presynaptic calcium<br>channel dysfunction leads to a reduced amount of acetylcholine<br>being released in response to stimulation of the nerve. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 1471)",""],["Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome",841,0.0,"D015624","C10.668.758.725.150",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and<br>fatigability of proximal muscles, particularly of the pelvic<br>girdle, lower extremities, trunk, and shoulder girdle. There is<br>relative sparing of extraocular and bulbar muscles. CARCINOMA,<br>SMALL CELL of the lung is a frequently associated condition,<br>although other malignancies and autoimmune diseases may be<br>associated. Muscular weakness results from impaired impulse<br>transmission at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. Presynaptic calcium<br>channel dysfunction leads to a reduced amount of acetylcholine<br>being released in response to stimulation of the nerve. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 1471)",""],["Arachnoid Cysts",2454,0.0,"D016080","C10.551.240.375.100",0,"Description: Intracranial or spinal cavities containing a<br>cerebrospinal-like fluid, the wall of which is composed of<br>arachnoidal cells. They are most often developmental or related<br>to trauma. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to<br>arachnoidal cistern and may present with HYDROCEPHALUS; HEADACHE;<br>SEIZURES; and focal neurologic signs. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1994, Ch44, pp105-115)",""],["Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease",342,0.0,"D016098","C10.228.228.800.350",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial prion disease with a<br>wide spectrum of clinical presentations including ATAXIA, spastic<br>paraparesis, extrapyramidal signs, and DEMENTIA. Clinical onset<br>is in the third to sixth decade of life and the mean duration of<br>illness prior to death is five years. Several kindreds with<br>variable clinical and pathologic features have been described.<br>Pathologic features include cerebral prion protein amyloidosis,<br>and spongiform or neurofibrillary degeneration. (From Brain<br>Pathol 1998 Jul;8(3):499-513; Brain Pathol 1995 Jan;5(1):61-75)",""],["Spina Bifida Occulta",1607,0.0,"D016136","C10.500.680.800.750",0,"Description: A common congenital midline defect of fusion of the<br>vertebral arch without protrusion of the spinal cord or meninges.<br>The lesion is also covered by skin. L5 and S1 are the most common<br>vertebrae involved. The condition may be associated with an<br>overlying area of hyperpigmented skin, a dermal sinus, or an<br>abnormal patch of hair. The majority of individuals with this<br>malformation are asymptomatic although there is an increased<br>incidence of tethered cord syndrome and lumbar SPONDYLOSIS. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p34)",""],["Spina Bifida Cystica",322,0.0,"D016137","C10.500.680.800.730",0,"Description: A form of spinal dysraphism associated with a<br>protruding cyst made up of either meninges (i.e., a MENINGOCELE)<br>or meninges in combination with spinal cord tissue (i.e., a<br>MENINGOMYELOCELE). These lesions are frequently associated with<br>spinal cord dysfunction, HYDROCEPHALUS, and SYRINGOMYELIA. (From<br>Davis et al., Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp224-5)",""],["Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome",914,0.0,"D016262","C10.586.750.850.750",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular<br>symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability<br>has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic<br>poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness<br>and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and<br>muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint<br>pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow<br>progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci<br>1995 May 25;753:68-80)",""],["Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome",914,0.0,"D016262","C10.668.491.175.750",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular<br>symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability<br>has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic<br>poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness<br>and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and<br>muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint<br>pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow<br>progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci<br>1995 May 25;753:68-80)",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.0,"D016518","C10.292.225.750.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.0,"D016518","C10.292.910.600.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.0,"D016518","C10.574.500.549.700",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform",2372,0.0,"D016643","C10.228.228.800.260",0,"Description: A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cattle<br>associated with abnormal prion proteins in the brain. Affected<br>animals develop excitability and salivation followed by ATAXIA.<br>This disorder has been associated with consumption of SCRAPIE<br>infected ruminant derived protein. This condition may be<br>transmitted to humans, where it is referred to as variant or new<br>variant CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME. (Vet Rec 1998 Jul<br>25;143(41):101-5)",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral",1150,0.0,"D016781","C10.228.140.116.800",0,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan<br>TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individuals with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (see also AIDS-RELATED<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS). The infection may involve the brain<br>diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations<br>include SEIZURES, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3)",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral",1150,0.0,"D016781","C10.228.228.090.800",0,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan<br>TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individuals with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (see also AIDS-RELATED<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS). The infection may involve the brain<br>diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations<br>include SEIZURES, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic<br>deficits, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3)",""],["POEMS Syndrome",1203,0.0,"D016878","C10.668.829.800.700",0,"Description: A multisystemic disorder characterized by a<br>sensorimotor polyneuropathy (POLYNEUROPATHIES), organomegaly,<br>endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and pigmentary skin<br>changes. Other clinical features which may be present include<br>EDEMA; CACHEXIA; microangiopathic glomerulopathy; pulmonary<br>hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY); cutaneous necrosis;<br>THROMBOCYTOSIS; and POLYCYTHEMIA. This disorder is frequently<br>associated with osteosclerotic myeloma. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1335; Rev Med Interne<br>1997;18(7):553-62)",""],["Meningitis, Fungal",2698,0.0,"D016921","C10.228.228.198.500",1,"Description: Meningitis caused by fungal agents which may occur<br>as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS or arise in immunocompetent hosts.",""],["Meningitis, Cryptococcal",2132,0.0,"D016919","C10.586.625.300.500",0,"Description: Meningeal inflammation produced by CRYPTOCOCCUS<br>NEOFORMANS, an encapsulated yeast that tends to infect<br>individuals with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other<br>immunocompromised states. The organism enters the body through<br>the respiratory tract, but symptomatic infections are usually<br>limited to the lungs and nervous system. The organism may also<br>produce parenchymal brain lesions (torulomas). Clinically, the<br>course is subacute and may feature HEADACHE; NAUSEA; PHOTOPHOBIA;<br>focal neurologic deficits; SEIZURES; cranial neuropathies; and<br>HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp721-2)",""],["Epilepsia Partialis Continua",264,0.0,"D017036","C10.597.742.785.260",0,"Description: A variant of EPILEPSY characterized by continuous<br>focal jerking of a body part over a period of hours, days, or<br>even years without spreading to other body regions. Contractions<br>may be aggravated by movement and are reduced, but not abolished<br>during sleep. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY demonstrates epileptiform<br>(spike and wave) discharges over the hemisphere opposite to the<br>affected limb in most instances. The repetitive movements may<br>originate from the CEREBRAL CORTEX or from subcortical structures<br>(e.g., BRAIN STEM; BASAL GANGLIA). This condition is associated<br>with Russian Spring and Summer encephalitis (see ENCEPHALITIS,<br>TICK BORNE); Rasmussen syndrome (see ENCEPHALITIS); MULTIPLE<br>SCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; and<br>CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS. (From Brain, 1996<br>April;119(pt2):393-407; Epilepsia 1993;34;Suppl 1:S29-S36; and<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p319)",""],["Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies",1069,0.0,"D017237","C10.228.140.163.540",0,"Description: A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by<br>alterations of mitochondrial metabolism that result in muscle and<br>nervous system dysfunction. These are often multisystemic and<br>vary considerably in age at onset (usually in the first or second<br>decade of life), distribution of affected muscles, severity, and<br>course. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp984-5)",""],["Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies",2715,0.0,"D017237","C10.668.491.500.500",2,"Description: A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by<br>alterations of mitochondrial metabolism that result in muscle and<br>nervous system dysfunction. These are often multisystemic and<br>vary considerably in age at onset (usually in the first or second<br>decade of life), distribution of affected muscles, severity, and<br>course. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp984-5)",""],["Myelinolysis, Central Pontine",735,0.0,"D017590","C10.228.140.163.560",0,"Description: A demyelinating condition affecting the PONS and<br>characterized clinically by an acute progressive QUADRIPLEGIA;<br>DYSARTHRIA; DYSPHAGIA; and alterations of consciousness.<br>Pathologic features include prominent demyelination in the<br>central PONS with sparing of axons and neurons. This condition is<br>usually associated with systemic disorders such as HYPONATREMIA;<br>chronic ALCOHOLISM; LIVER FAILURE; severe BURNS; malignant<br>NEOPLASMS; hemorrhagic PANCREATITIS; HEMODIALYSIS; and SEPSIS.<br>The rapid medical correction of hyponatremia has been cited as a<br>cause of this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1125-6)",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C10.597.606.360.969",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Myopathies, Nemaline",619,0.0,"D017696","C10.668.491.550.290",0,"Description: A group of inherited congenital myopathic conditions<br>characterized clinically by weakness, hypotonia, and prominent<br>hypoplasia of proximal muscles including the face. Muscle biopsy<br>reveals large numbers of rod-shaped structures beneath the muscle<br>fiber plasma membrane. This disorder is genetically heterogeneous<br>and may occasionally present in adults. (Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p1453)",""],["Ulnar Neuropathies",1953,0.0,"D020424","C10.668.829.500.850",2,"Description: Disease involving the ULNAR NERVE from its origin in<br>the BRACHIAL PLEXUS to its termination in the hand. Clinical<br>manifestations may include PARESIS or PARALYSIS of wrist flexion,<br>finger flexion, thumb adduction, finger abduction, and finger<br>adduction. Sensation over the medial palm, fifth finger, and<br>ulnar aspect of the ring finger may also be impaired. Common<br>sites of injury include the AXILLA, cubital tunnel at the ELBOW,<br>and Guyon's canal at the wrist. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1995, Ch51 pp43-5)",""],["Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndromes",1231,0.0,"D017769","C10.668.829.550.925",1,"Description: Ulnar neuropathies caused by mechanical compression<br>of the nerve at any location from its origin at the BRACHIAL<br>PLEXUS to its terminations in the hand. Common sites of<br>compression include the retroepicondylar groove, cubital tunnel<br>at the elbow (CUBITAL TUNNEL SYNDROME), and Guyon's canal at the<br>wrist. Clinical features depend on the site of injury, but may<br>include weakness or paralysis of wrist flexion, finger flexion,<br>and ulnar innervated intrinsic hand muscles, and impaired<br>sensation over the ulnar aspect of the hand, fifth finger, and<br>ulnar half of the ring finger. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995,<br>Ch51, p43)",""],["Spinocerebellar Ataxias",4017,0.0,"D020754","C10.228.854.787.875",1,"Description: A group of predominately late-onset, cerebellar<br>ataxias which have been divided into multiple subtypes based on<br>clinical features and genetic mapping. Progressive ataxia is a<br>central feature of these conditions, and in certain subtypes<br>POLYNEUROPATHY; DYSARTHRIA; visual loss; and other disorders may<br>develop. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch65, pp 12-17; J<br>Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1998 Jun;57(6):531-43)",""],["Spinocerebellar Ataxias",4017,0.0,"D020754","C10.574.500.825.700",1,"Description: A group of predominately late-onset, cerebellar<br>ataxias which have been divided into multiple subtypes based on<br>clinical features and genetic mapping. Progressive ataxia is a<br>central feature of these conditions, and in certain subtypes<br>POLYNEUROPATHY; DYSARTHRIA; visual loss; and other disorders may<br>develop. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch65, pp 12-17; J<br>Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1998 Jun;57(6):531-43)",""],["Neurocytoma",727,0.0,"D018306","C10.228.140.211.692",0,"Description: A benign brain tumor composed of neural elements<br>which most often arise from the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM and the walls<br>of the lateral ventricles. Immunohistochemistry and electron<br>microscopy evaluations may reveal expression of neuron specific<br>enolase and synaptophysin and cells containing microtubuli,<br>neurosecretory granules, and presynaptic vesicles. (From Acta Med<br>Port 1994 Feb;7(2):113-9)",""],["Neurocytoma",727,0.0,"D018306","C10.551.240.250.550",0,"Description: A benign brain tumor composed of neural elements<br>which most often arise from the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM and the walls<br>of the lateral ventricles. Immunohistochemistry and electron<br>microscopy evaluations may reveal expression of neuron specific<br>enolase and synaptophysin and cells containing microtubuli,<br>neurosecretory granules, and presynaptic vesicles. (From Acta Med<br>Port 1994 Feb;7(2):113-9)",""],["Brown-Sequard Syndrome",304,0.0,"D018437","C10.597.622.669.300",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with injury to the lateral<br>half of the spinal cord. The condition is characterized by the<br>following clinical features (which are found below the level of<br>the lesion): contralateral hemisensory anesthesia to pain and<br>temperature, ipsilateral loss of propioception, and ipsilateral<br>motor paralysis. Tactile sensation is generally spared. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p162).",""],["Persistent Vegetative State",2137,0.0,"D018458","C10.228.140.140.627",0,"Description: Vegetative state refers to the neurocognitive status<br>of individuals with severe brain damage, in whom physiologic<br>functions (sleep-wake cycles, autonomic control, and breathing)<br>persist, but awareness (including all cognitive function and<br>emotion) is abolished.",""],["Sneddon Syndrome",225,0.0,"D018860","C10.228.140.300.750",0,"Description: A systemic non-inflammatory arteriopathy primarily<br>of middle-aged females characterized by the association of LIVEDO<br>RETICULARIS, multiple thrombotic CEREBRAL INFARCTION; CORONARY<br>DISEASE, and HYPERTENSION. Elevation of antiphospholipid antibody<br>titers (see also ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME), cardiac<br>valvulopathy, ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; and<br>chronic ischemia of the extremities may also occur. Pathologic<br>examination of affected arteries reveals non-inflammatory<br>adventitial fibrosis, thrombosis, and changes in the media. (From<br>Jablonski, Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed;<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p861; Arch Neurol<br>1997 Jan;54(1):53-60)",""],["Aphasia, Primary Progressive",1190,0.0,"D018888","C10.228.140.380.132",1,"Description: A progressive form of dementia characterized by the<br>global loss of language abilities and initial preservation of<br>other cognitive functions. Fluent and nonfluent subtypes have<br>been described. Eventually a pattern of global cognitive<br>dysfunction, similar to ALZHEIMER DISEASE, emerges.<br>Pathologically, there are no Alzheimer or PICK DISEASE like<br>changes, however, spongiform changes of cortical layers II and<br>III are present in the TEMPORAL LOBE and FRONTAL LOBE. (From<br>Brain 1998 Jan;121(Pt 1):115-26)",""],["Myositis, Inclusion Body",1305,0.0,"D018979","C10.668.491.562.500",0,"Description: Progressive myopathies characterized by the presence<br>of inclusion bodies on muscle biopsy. Sporadic and hereditary<br>forms have been described. The sporadic form is an acquired,<br>adult-onset inflammatory vacuolar myopathy affecting proximal and<br>distal muscles. Familial forms usually begin in childhood and<br>lack inflammatory changes. Both forms feature intracytoplasmic<br>and intranuclear inclusions in muscle tissue. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1409-10)",""],["Williams Syndrome",1893,0.0,"D018980","C10.597.606.360.970",0,"Description: A disorder caused by hemizygous microdeletion of<br>about 28 genes on chromosome 7q11.23, including the ELASTIN gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include SUPRAVALVULAR AORTIC STENOSIS;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; elfin facies; impaired visuospatial<br>constructive abilities; and transient HYPERCALCEMIA in infancy.<br>The condition affects both sexes, with onset at birth or in early<br>infancy.",""],["Syncope, Vasovagal",2140,0.0,"D019462","C10.177.575.600.800",0,"Description: Loss of consciousness due to a reduction in blood<br>pressure that is associated with an increase in vagal tone and<br>peripheral vasodilation.",""],["Hemifacial Spasm",1365,0.0,"D019569","C10.597.613.750.400",0,"Description: Recurrent clonic contraction of facial muscles,<br>restricted to one side. It may occur as a manifestation of<br>compressive lesions involving the seventh cranial nerve (FACIAL<br>NERVE DISEASES), during recovery from BELL PALSY, or in<br>association with other disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p1378)",""],["Optic Nerve Neoplasms",1516,0.0,"D019574","C10.551.775.250.500",1,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from the<br>optic nerve or its sheath. OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA is the most common<br>histologic type. Optic nerve neoplasms tend to cause unilateral<br>visual loss and an afferent pupillary defect and may spread via<br>neural pathways to the brain.",""],["Miller Fisher Syndrome",725,0.0,"D019846","C10.114.750.100.500",0,"Description: A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME<br>characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction,<br>ataxia, and loss of deep tendon reflexes with relative sparing of<br>strength in the extremities and trunk. The ataxia is produced by<br>peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction and not by cerebellar<br>injury. Facial weakness and sensory loss may also occur. The<br>process is mediated by autoantibodies directed against a<br>component of myelin found in peripheral nerves. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1313; Neurology 1987<br>Sep;37(9):1493-8)",""],["Miller Fisher Syndrome",725,0.0,"D019846","C10.228.140.252.500",0,"Description: A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME<br>characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction,<br>ataxia, and loss of deep tendon reflexes with relative sparing of<br>strength in the extremities and trunk. The ataxia is produced by<br>peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction and not by cerebellar<br>injury. Facial weakness and sensory loss may also occur. The<br>process is mediated by autoantibodies directed against a<br>component of myelin found in peripheral nerves. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1313; Neurology 1987<br>Sep;37(9):1493-8)",""],["Miller Fisher Syndrome",725,0.0,"D019846","C10.314.750.450.500",0,"Description: A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME<br>characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction,<br>ataxia, and loss of deep tendon reflexes with relative sparing of<br>strength in the extremities and trunk. The ataxia is produced by<br>peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction and not by cerebellar<br>injury. Facial weakness and sensory loss may also occur. The<br>process is mediated by autoantibodies directed against a<br>component of myelin found in peripheral nerves. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1313; Neurology 1987<br>Sep;37(9):1493-8)",""],["Miller Fisher Syndrome",725,0.0,"D019846","C10.668.829.350.500",0,"Description: A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME<br>characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction,<br>ataxia, and loss of deep tendon reflexes with relative sparing of<br>strength in the extremities and trunk. The ataxia is produced by<br>peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction and not by cerebellar<br>injury. Facial weakness and sensory loss may also occur. The<br>process is mediated by autoantibodies directed against a<br>component of myelin found in peripheral nerves. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1313; Neurology 1987<br>Sep;37(9):1493-8)",""],["Central Nervous System Helminthiasis",2806,0.0,"D020809","C10.228.228.205.250",2,"Description: Infections of the BRAIN; SPINAL CORD; or MENINGES<br>caused by HELMINTHS (parasitic worms).",""],["Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease",622,0.0,"D020144","C10.228.140.079.127",2,"Description: A pathological condition caused by impaired blood<br>flow in the basal regions of cerebral hemispheres (BASAL<br>GANGLIA), such as INFARCTION; HEMORRHAGE; or ISCHEMIA in vessels<br>of this brain region including the lateral lenticulostriate<br>arteries. Primary clinical manifestations include involuntary<br>movements (DYSKINESIAS) and muscle weakness (HEMIPARESIS).",""],["Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease",622,0.0,"D020144","C10.228.140.300.100",2,"Description: A pathological condition caused by impaired blood<br>flow in the basal regions of cerebral hemispheres (BASAL<br>GANGLIA), such as INFARCTION; HEMORRHAGE; or ISCHEMIA in vessels<br>of this brain region including the lateral lenticulostriate<br>arteries. Primary clinical manifestations include involuntary<br>movements (DYSKINESIAS) and muscle weakness (HEMIPARESIS).",""],["Chorea Gravidarum",43,0.0,"D020150","C10.228.140.079.294",0,"Description: A rare movement disorder developed during PREGNANCY,<br>characterized by involuntary jerky motion (CHOREA) and inability<br>to maintain stable position of body parts (ATHETOSIS). RHEUMATIC<br>FEVER and collagen vascular disorders are frequently associated<br>with this disease. Chorea may vary from mild to severe and occurs<br>in approximately 1 per 2,000 to 3,000 pregnancies. (From Md Med J<br>1997 Sep;46(8):436-9)",""],["Jet Lag Syndrome",358,0.0,"D020179","C10.886.425.200.500",0,"Description: A chronobiologic disorder resulting from rapid<br>travel across a number of time zones, characterized by insomnia<br>or hypersomnolence, fatigue, behavioral symptoms, headaches, and<br>gastrointestinal disturbances. (From Cooper, Sleep, 1994,<br>pp593-8)",""],["Night Terrors",157,0.0,"D020184","C10.886.659.635.600",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by incomplete arousals from<br>sleep associated with behavior suggesting extreme fright. This<br>condition primarily affects children and young adults and the<br>individual generally has no recall of the event. Episodes tend to<br>occur during stage III or IV. SOMNAMBULISM is frequently<br>associated with this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p391)",""],["REM Sleep Behavior Disorder",1739,0.0,"D020187","C10.886.659.633.700",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by episodes of vigorous and<br>often violent motor activity during REM sleep (SLEEP, REM). The<br>affected individual may inflict self injury or harm others, and<br>is difficult to awaken from this condition. Episodes are usually<br>followed by a vivid recollection of a dream that is consistent<br>with the aggressive behavior. This condition primarily affects<br>adult males. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p393)",""],["Sleep Paralysis",133,0.0,"D020188","C10.886.659.633.800",0,"Description: A common condition characterized by transient<br>partial or total paralysis of skeletal muscles and areflexia that<br>occurs upon awakening from sleep or less often while falling<br>asleep. Stimuli such as touch or sound may terminate the episode,<br>which usually has a duration of seconds to minutes. This<br>condition may occur in normal subjects or be associated with<br>NARCOLEPSY; CATAPLEXY; and hypnagogic HALLUCINATIONS. The<br>pathophysiology of this condition is closely related to the<br>normal hypotonia that occur during REM sleep. (From Adv Neurol<br>1995;67:245-271)",""],["Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome",589,0.0,"D020189","C10.886.425.800.600",0,"Description: Excessive periodic leg movements during sleep that<br>cause micro-arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep.<br>This condition induces a state of relative sleep deprivation<br>which manifests as excessive daytime hypersomnolence. The<br>movements are characterized by repetitive contractions of the<br>tibialis anterior muscle, extension of the toe, and intermittent<br>flexion of the hip, knee and ankle. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p387)",""],["Epilepsy, Reflex",1173,0.0,"D020195","C10.228.140.490.450",0,"Description: A subtype of epilepsy characterized by seizures that<br>are consistently provoked by a certain specific stimulus.<br>Auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli as well as the acts<br>of writing, reading, eating, and decision making are examples of<br>events or activities that may induce seizure activity in affected<br>individuals. (From Neurol Clin 1994 Feb;12(1):57-8)",""],["Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic",520,0.0,"D020201","C10.228.140.199.275",2,"Description: Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating<br>and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traumatically induced<br>hemorrhages may occur in any area of the brain, including the<br>CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM (see BRAIN STEM HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC); and<br>CEREBELLUM.",""],["Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic",520,0.0,"D020201","C10.900.300.087.187",2,"Description: Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating<br>and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traumatically induced<br>hemorrhages may occur in any area of the brain, including the<br>CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM (see BRAIN STEM HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC); and<br>CEREBELLUM.",""],["Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic",520,0.0,"D020201","C10.900.300.837.150",2,"Description: Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating<br>and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traumatically induced<br>hemorrhages may occur in any area of the brain, including the<br>CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM (see BRAIN STEM HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC); and<br>CEREBELLUM.",""],["Skull Fracture, Depressed",184,0.0,"D020204","C10.900.300.918.300",0,"Description: A skull fracture characterized by inward depression<br>of a fragment or section of cranial bone, often compressing the<br>underlying dura mater and brain. Depressed cranial fractures<br>which feature open skin wounds that communicate with skull<br>fragments are referred to as compound depressed skull fractures.",""],["Skull Fracture, Basilar",187,0.0,"D020205","C10.900.300.918.150",0,"Description: Fractures which extend through the base of the<br>SKULL, usually involving the PETROUS BONE. Battle's sign<br>(characterized by skin discoloration due to extravasation of<br>blood into the subcutaneous tissue behind the ear and over the<br>mastoid process), CRANIAL NEUROPATHIES, TRAUMATIC; CAROTID-<br>CAVERNOUS SINUS FISTULA; and CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OTORRHEA are<br>relatively frequent sequelae of this condition. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p876)",""],["Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic",212,0.0,"D020206","C10.900.300.837.800",0,"Description: Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptomatic;<br>moderate to severe hemorrhages may be associated with<br>INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION and VASOSPASM, INTRACRANIAL.",""],["Brain Injury, Chronic",747,0.0,"D020208","C10.228.140.140.127",0,"Description: Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage<br>or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. This disorder may<br>result from DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES;<br>BRAIN EDEMA; and other conditions. Clinical features may include<br>DEMENTIA; focal neurologic deficits; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE;<br>AKINETIC MUTISM; or COMA.",""],["Central Cord Syndrome",146,0.0,"D020210","C10.228.854.763.500",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with traumatic injury to the<br>cervical or upper thoracic regions of the spinal cord<br>characterized by weakness in the arms with relative sparing of<br>the legs and variable sensory loss. This condition is associated<br>with ischemia, hemorrhage, or necrosis involving the central<br>portions of the spinal cord. Corticospinal fibers destined for<br>the legs are spared due to their more external location in the<br>spinal cord. This clinical pattern may emerge during recovery<br>from spinal shock. Deficits may be transient or permanent.",""],["Cerebrovascular Trauma",7554,0.0,"D020214","C10.228.140.300.350",4,"Description: Penetrating and nonpenetrating traumatic injuries to<br>an extracranial or intracranial blood vessel that supplies the<br>brain. This includes the CAROTID ARTERIES; VERTEBRAL ARTERIES;<br>MENINGEAL ARTERIES; CEREBRAL ARTERIES; veins, and venous sinuses.",""],["Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection",1578,0.0,"D020215","C10.900.250.300.300",0,"Description: The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both<br>(left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ARTERY,<br>INTERNAL). Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel<br>wall can lead to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and<br>aneurysm formation.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C10.900.250.300.400",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Facial Nerve Injuries",1349,0.0,"D020220","C10.900.300.218.300",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the facial nerve. This may<br>result in FACIAL PARALYSIS, decreased lacrimation and salivation,<br>and loss of taste sensation in the anterior tongue. The nerve may<br>regenerate and reform its original pattern of innervation, or<br>regenerate aberrantly, resulting in inappropriate lacrimation in<br>response to gustatory stimuli (e.g., \"crocodile tears\") and other<br>syndromes.",""],["Abducens Nerve Injury",81,0.0,"D020222","C10.900.300.218.150",0,"Description: Traumatic injury to the abducens, or sixth, cranial<br>nerve. Injury to this nerve results in lateral rectus muscle<br>weakness or paralysis. The nerve may be damaged by closed or<br>penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA or by facial trauma involving<br>the orbit.",""],["Kluver-Bucy Syndrome",123,0.0,"D020232","C10.228.140.380.326",0,"Description: A neurobehavioral syndrome associated with bilateral<br>medial temporal lobe dysfunction. Clinical manifestations include<br>oral exploratory behavior; tactile exploratory behavior;<br>hypersexuality; BULIMIA; MEMORY DISORDERS; placidity; and an<br>inability to recognize objects or faces. This disorder may result<br>from a variety of conditions, including CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA;<br>infections; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; PICK DISEASE OF THE BRAIN; and<br>CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.",""],["Gait Ataxia",299,0.0,"D020234","C10.597.350.090.750",0,"Description: Impairment of the ability to coordinate the<br>movements required for normal ambulation (WALKING) which may<br>result from impairments of motor function or sensory feedback.<br>This condition may be associated with BRAIN DISEASES (including<br>CEREBELLAR DISEASES and BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES); SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES; or PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES.",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine",126,0.0,"D020241","C10.586.500.406.250",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily<br>affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH<br>AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN<br>EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes<br>(CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include<br>headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in<br>mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of<br>cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual<br>neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine",172,0.0,"D020242","C10.586.500.406.200",0,"Description: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily<br>affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America.<br>The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE)<br>may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes.<br>Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever,<br>HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The<br>condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked<br>by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)",""],["Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Childhood",200,0.0,"D020264","C10.720.475.400.700",0,"Description: Neurologic disorders occurring in children following<br>lead exposure. The most frequent manifestation of childhood lead<br>toxicity is an encephalopathy associated with chronic ingestion<br>of lead that usually presents between the ages of 1 and 3 years.<br>Clinical manifestations include behavioral changes followed by<br>lethargy; CONVULSIONS; HALLUCINATIONS; DELIRIUM; ATAXIA; and<br>vomiting. Elevated intracranial pressure (HYPERTENSION,<br>INTRACRANIAL) and CEREBRAL EDEMA may occur. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1210-2)",""],["Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Adult",86,0.0,"D020265","C10.720.475.400.350",0,"Description: Neurologic conditions in adults associated with<br>acute or chronic exposure to lead or any of its salts. The most<br>common lead related neurologic syndrome in adults consists of a<br>polyneuropathy involving motor fibers. This tends to affect<br>distal nerves and may present as wrist drop due to RADIAL<br>NEUROPATHY. Additional features of chronic lead exposure include<br>ANEMIA; CONSTIPATION; colicky abdominal pain; a bluish lead line<br>of the gums; interstitial nephritis (NEPHRITIS, INTERSTITIAL);<br>and saturnine gout. An encephalopathy may rarely occur. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1212)",""],["Alcoholic Neuropathy",111,0.0,"D020269","C10.668.829.800.050",0,"Description: A condition where damage to the peripheral nervous<br>system (including the peripheral elements of the autonomic<br>nervous system) is associated with chronic ingestion of alcoholic<br>beverages. The disorder may be caused by a direct effect of<br>alcohol, an associated nutritional deficiency, or a combination<br>of factors. Clinical manifestations include variable degrees of<br>weakness; ATROPHY; PARESTHESIAS; pain; loss of reflexes; sensory<br>loss; diaphoresis; and postural hypotension. (From Arch Neurol<br>1995;52(1):45-51; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1146)",""],["Vasospasm, Intracranial",3546,0.0,"D020301","C10.228.140.300.900",0,"Description: Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden,<br>sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood<br>vessels. Intracranial vasospasm results in reduced vessel lumen<br>caliber, restricted blood flow to the brain, and BRAIN ISCHEMIA<br>that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA,<br>BRAIN).",""],["Paraparesis, Spastic",381,0.0,"D020336","C10.597.636.500.500",0,"Description: Mild or moderate loss of motor function accompanied<br>by spasticity in the lower extremities. This condition is a<br>manifestation of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that cause<br>injury to the motor cortex or descending motor pathways.",""],["Optic Nerve Glioma",506,0.0,"D020339","C10.292.225.800.500",0,"Description: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic<br>nerve, usually presenting in childhood.",""],["Optic Nerve Glioma",506,0.0,"D020339","C10.292.700.500.500",0,"Description: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic<br>nerve, usually presenting in childhood.",""],["Optic Nerve Glioma",506,0.0,"D020339","C10.551.360.500.500",0,"Description: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic<br>nerve, usually presenting in childhood.",""],["Hypertensive Encephalopathy",2338,0.0,"D020343","C10.228.140.631.500",1,"Description: Brain dysfunction or damage resulting from sustained<br>MALIGNANT HYPERTENSION. When BLOOD PRESSURE exceeds the limits of<br>cerebral autoregulation, cerebral blood flow is impaired (BRAIN<br>ISCHEMIA). Clinical manifestations include HEADACHE; NAUSEA;<br>VOMITING; SEIZURES; altered mental status (in some cases<br>progressing to COMA); PAPILLEDEMA; and RETINAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration",378,0.0,"D020362","C10.228.140.252.620",0,"Description: Cerebellar degeneration associated with a remote<br>neoplasm. Clinical manifestations include progressive limb and<br>GAIT ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; and NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC. The<br>histologic type of the associated neoplasm is usually carcinoma<br>or lymphoma. Pathologically the cerebellar cortex and subcortical<br>nuclei demonstrate diffuse degenerative changes. Anti-Purkinje<br>cell antibodies (anti-Yo) are found in the serum of approximately<br>50% of affected individuals. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p686)",""],["Limbic Encephalitis",1210,0.0,"D020363","C10.228.140.430.525",0,"Description: A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of<br>neurons in the LIMBIC SYSTEM. Clinical features include<br>HALLUCINATIONS, loss of EPISODIC MEMORY; ANOSMIA; AGEUSIA;<br>TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY; DEMENTIA; and affective disturbance<br>(depression). Circulating anti-neuronal antibodies (e.g., anti-<br>Hu; anti-Yo; anti-Ri; and anti-Ma2) and small cell lung<br>carcinomas or testicular carcinoma are frequently associated with<br>this syndrome.",""],["Limbic Encephalitis",1210,0.0,"D020363","C10.228.228.245.700",0,"Description: A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of<br>neurons in the LIMBIC SYSTEM. Clinical features include<br>HALLUCINATIONS, loss of EPISODIC MEMORY; ANOSMIA; AGEUSIA;<br>TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY; DEMENTIA; and affective disturbance<br>(depression). Circulating anti-neuronal antibodies (e.g., anti-<br>Hu; anti-Yo; anti-Ri; and anti-Ma2) and small cell lung<br>carcinomas or testicular carcinoma are frequently associated with<br>this syndrome.",""],["Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy",272,0.0,"D020364","C10.668.829.800.662",0,"Description: A diffuse or multifocal peripheral neuropathy<br>related to the remote effects of a neoplasm, most often carcinoma<br>or lymphoma. Pathologically, there are inflammatory changes in<br>peripheral nerves. The most common clinical presentation is a<br>symmetric distal mixed sensorimotor polyneuropathy. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1334)",""],["Nystagmus, Congenital",496,0.0,"D020417","C10.292.562.675.300",0,"Description: Nystagmus present at birth or caused by lesions<br>sustained in utero or at the time of birth. It is usually<br>pendular, and is associated with ALBINISM and conditions<br>characterized by early loss of central vision. Inheritance<br>patterns may be X-linked, autosomal dominant, or recessive.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p275)",""],["Radial Neuropathy",607,0.0,"D020425","C10.668.829.500.650",0,"Description: Disease involving the RADIAL NERVE. Clinical<br>features include weakness of elbow extension, elbow flexion,<br>supination of the forearm, wrist and finger extension, and thumb<br>abduction. Sensation may be impaired over regions of the dorsal<br>forearm. Common sites of compression or traumatic injury include<br>the AXILLA and radial groove of the HUMERUS.",""],["Peroneal Neuropathies",805,0.0,"D020427","C10.668.829.500.600",0,"Description: Disease involving the common PERONEAL NERVE or its<br>branches, the deep and superficial peroneal nerves. Lesions of<br>the deep peroneal nerve are associated with PARALYSIS of<br>dorsiflexion of the ankle and toes and loss of sensation from the<br>web space between the first and second toe. Lesions of the<br>superficial peroneal nerve result in weakness or paralysis of the<br>peroneal muscles (which evert the foot) and loss of sensation<br>over the dorsal and lateral surface of the leg. Traumatic injury<br>to the common peroneal nerve near the head of the FIBULA is a<br>relatively common cause of this condition. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p31)",""],["Femoral Neuropathy",393,0.0,"D020428","C10.668.829.500.200",0,"Description: Disease involving the femoral nerve. The femoral<br>nerve may be injured by ISCHEMIA (e.g., in association with<br>DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES), nerve compression, trauma, COLLAGEN<br>DISEASES, and other disease processes. Clinical features include<br>MUSCLE WEAKNESS or PARALYSIS of hip flexion and knee extension,<br>ATROPHY of the QUADRICEPS MUSCLE, reduced or absent patellar<br>reflex, and impaired sensation over the anterior and medial<br>thigh.",""],["Myopathy, Central Core",186,0.0,"D020512","C10.668.491.550.300",0,"Description: An inherited congenital myopathic condition<br>characterized by weakness and hypotonia in infancy and delayed<br>motor development. Muscle biopsy reveals a condensation of<br>myofibrils and myofibrillar material in the central portion of<br>each muscle fiber. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1452)",""],["Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Periodic",126,0.0,"D020513","C10.668.491.650.600",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial disorder which<br>presents in infancy or childhood and is characterized by episodes<br>of weakness associated with hyperkalemia. During attacks, muscles<br>of the lower extremities are initially affected, followed by the<br>lower trunk and arms. Episodes last from 15-60 minutes and<br>typically occur after a period of rest following exercise. A<br>defect in skeletal muscle sodium channels has been identified as<br>the cause of this condition. Normokalemic periodic paralysis is a<br>closely related disorder marked by a lack of alterations in<br>potassium levels during attacks of weakness. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1481)",""],["Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis",614,0.0,"D020514","C10.668.491.650.450",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial disorder<br>characterized by recurrent episodes of skeletal muscle weakness<br>associated with falls in serum potassium levels. The condition<br>usually presents in the first or second decade of life with<br>attacks of trunk and leg paresis during sleep or shortly after<br>awakening. Symptoms may persist for hours to days and generally<br>are precipitated by exercise or a meal high in carbohydrates.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1483)",""],["Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive",2526,0.0,"D020528","C10.114.375.500.200",0,"Description: A form of multiple sclerosis characterized by a<br>progressive deterioration in neurologic function which is in<br>contrast to the more typical relapsing remitting form. If the<br>clinical course is free of distinct remissions, it is referred to<br>as primary progressive multiple sclerosis. When the progressive<br>decline is punctuated by acute exacerbations, it is referred to<br>as progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis. The term secondary<br>progressive multiple sclerosis is used when relapsing remitting<br>multiple sclerosis evolves into the chronic progressive form.<br>(From Ann Neurol 1994;36 Suppl:S73-S79; Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914)",""],["Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive",2526,0.0,"D020528","C10.314.350.500.200",0,"Description: A form of multiple sclerosis characterized by a<br>progressive deterioration in neurologic function which is in<br>contrast to the more typical relapsing remitting form. If the<br>clinical course is free of distinct remissions, it is referred to<br>as primary progressive multiple sclerosis. When the progressive<br>decline is punctuated by acute exacerbations, it is referred to<br>as progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis. The term secondary<br>progressive multiple sclerosis is used when relapsing remitting<br>multiple sclerosis evolves into the chronic progressive form.<br>(From Ann Neurol 1994;36 Suppl:S73-S79; Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914)",""],["Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting",8361,0.0,"D020529","C10.114.375.500.600",0,"Description: The most common clinical variant of MULTIPLE<br>SCLEROSIS, characterized by recurrent acute exacerbations of<br>neurologic dysfunction followed by partial or complete recovery.<br>Common clinical manifestations include loss of visual (see OPTIC<br>NEURITIS), motor, sensory, or bladder function. Acute episodes of<br>demyelination may occur at any site in the central nervous<br>system, and commonly involve the optic nerves, spinal cord, brain<br>stem, and cerebellum. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp903-914)",""],["Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting",8361,0.0,"D020529","C10.314.350.500.600",0,"Description: The most common clinical variant of MULTIPLE<br>SCLEROSIS, characterized by recurrent acute exacerbations of<br>neurologic dysfunction followed by partial or complete recovery.<br>Common clinical manifestations include loss of visual (see OPTIC<br>NEURITIS), motor, sensory, or bladder function. Acute episodes of<br>demyelination may occur at any site in the central nervous<br>system, and commonly involve the optic nerves, spinal cord, brain<br>stem, and cerebellum. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp903-914)",""],["Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental",369,0.0,"D020720","C10.668.758.725.300",0,"Description: Any autoimmune animal disease model used in the<br>study of MYASTHENIA GRAVIS. Injection with purified neuromuscular<br>junction acetylcholine receptor (AChR) (see RECEPTORS,<br>CHOLINERGIC) components results in a myasthenic syndrome that has<br>acute and chronic phases. The motor endplate pathology, loss of<br>acetylcholine receptors, presence of circulating anti-AChR<br>antibodies, and electrophysiologic changes make this condition<br>virtually identical to human myasthenia gravis. Passive transfer<br>of AChR antibodies or lymphocytes from afflicted animals to<br>normals induces passive transfer experimental autoimmune<br>myasthenia gravis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch 54,<br>p3)",""],["Spinal Cord Ischemia",1559,0.0,"D020760","C10.228.854.785.650",1,"Description: Reduced blood flow to the spinal cord which is<br>supplied by the anterior spinal artery and the paired posterior<br>spinal arteries. This condition may be associated with<br>ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, trauma, emboli, diseases of the aorta, and<br>other disorders. Prolonged ischemia may lead to INFARCTION of<br>spinal cord tissue.",""],["Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration",5954,0.0,"D057174","C10.228.140.380.266",3,"Description: Heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders<br>characterized by frontal and temporal lobe atrophy associated<br>with neuronal loss, gliosis, and dementia. Patients exhibit<br>progressive changes in social, behavioral, and/or language<br>function. Multiple subtypes or forms are recognized based on<br>presence or absence of TAU PROTEIN inclusions. FTLD includes<br>three clinical syndromes: FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA, semantic<br>dementia, and PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE NONFLUENT APHASIA.",""],["Bardet-Biedl Syndrome",679,0.0,"D020788","C10.228.140.617.200",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; POLYDACTYLY; OBESITY; MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>hypogenitalism; renal dysplasia; and short stature. This syndrome<br>has been distinguished as a separate entity from LAURENCE-MOON<br>SYNDROME. (From J Med Genet 1997 Feb;34(2):92-8)",""],["Photophobia",469,0.0,"D020795","C10.597.751.941.661",0,"Description: Abnormal sensitivity to light. This may occur as a<br>manifestation of EYE DISEASES; MIGRAINE; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE;<br>MENINGITIS; and other disorders. Photophobia may also occur in<br>association with DEPRESSION and other MENTAL DISORDERS.",""],["Epidural Abscess",1402,0.0,"D020802","C10.228.228.709.350",0,"Description: Circumscribed collections of suppurative material<br>occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL SPACE. The<br>majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are<br>associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a vertebral body; ANALGESIA,<br>EPIDURAL; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include<br>local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, URINARY<br>INCONTINENCE, and FECAL INCONTINENCE. Cranial epidural abscesses<br>are usually associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a cranial bone,<br>SINUSITIS, or OTITIS MEDIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg<br>Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12)",""],["Meningitis, Escherichia coli",181,0.0,"D020814","C10.586.625.280.350",0,"Description: A form of gram-negative meningitis that tends to<br>occur in neonates, in association with anatomical abnormalities<br>(which feature communication between the meninges and cutaneous<br>structures) or as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS in association with<br>IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES. In premature neonates the<br>clinical presentation may be limited to ANOREXIA; VOMITING;<br>lethargy; or respiratory distress. Full-term infants may have as<br>additional features FEVER; SEIZURES; and bulging of the anterior<br>fontanelle. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>pp398-400)",""],["Lyme Neuroborreliosis",1022,0.0,"D020852","C10.228.228.180.437",0,"Description: Nervous system infections caused by tick-borne<br>spirochetes of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP. The disease may<br>affect elements of the central or peripheral nervous system in<br>isolation or in combination. Common clinical manifestations<br>include a lymphocytic meningitis, cranial neuropathy (most often<br>a facial neuropathy), POLYRADICULOPATHY, and a mild loss of<br>memory and other cognitive functions. Less often more extensive<br>inflammation involving the central nervous system<br>(encephalomyelitis) may occur. In the peripheral nervous system,<br>B. burgdorferi infection is associated with mononeuritis<br>multiplex and polyradiculoneuritis. (From J Neurol Sci 1998 Jan<br>8;153(2):182-91)",""],["Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain",6617,0.0,"D020925","C10.228.140.624.500",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in<br>the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the<br>brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from<br>systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated<br>with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA;<br>COMA; and other conditions.",""],["Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal",344,0.0,"D020936","C10.228.140.490.370",0,"Description: A condition marked by recurrent seizures that occur<br>during the first 4-6 weeks of life despite an otherwise benign<br>neonatal course. Autosomal dominant familial and sporadic forms<br>have been identified. Seizures generally consist of brief<br>episodes of tonic posturing and other movements, apnea, eye<br>deviations, and blood pressure fluctuations. These tend to remit<br>after the 6th week of life. The risk of developing epilepsy at an<br>older age is moderately increased in the familial form of this<br>disorder. (Neurologia 1996 Feb;11(2):51-5)",""],["Myasthenia Gravis, Neonatal",36,0.0,"D020941","C10.668.758.725.650",0,"Description: A disorder of neuromuscular transmission that occurs<br>in a minority of newborns born to women with myasthenia gravis.<br>Clinical features are usually present at birth or develop in the<br>first 3 days of life and consist of hypotonia and impaired<br>respiratory, suck, and swallowing abilities. This condition is<br>associated with the passive transfer of acetylcholine receptor<br>antibodies through the placenta. In the majority of infants the<br>myasthenic weakness resolves (i.e., transient neonatal myasthenia<br>gravis) although this disorder may rarely continue beyond the<br>neonatal period (i.e., persistent neonatal myasthenia gravis).<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p823;<br>Neurology 1997 Jan;48(1):50-4)",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C10.228.228.570.450",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C10.586.250.550.500",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C10.586.625.500.500",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Neuroaspergillosis",307,0.0,"D020953","C10.228.228.198.750",0,"Description: Infections of the nervous system caused by fungi of<br>the genus ASPERGILLUS, most commonly ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS.<br>Aspergillus infections may occur in immunocompetent hosts, but<br>are more prevalent in individuals with IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROMES. The organism may spread to the nervous system from<br>focal infections in the lung, mastoid region, sinuses, inner ear,<br>bones, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and heart. Sinus infections<br>may be locally invasive and enter the intracranial compartment,<br>producing MENINGITIS, FUNGAL; cranial neuropathies; and abscesses<br>in the frontal lobes of the brain. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1998, Ch 27, pp62-3)",""],["Striatonigral Degeneration",84,0.0,"D020955","C10.177.575.550.875",0,"Description: A sporadic neurodegenerative disease with onset in<br>middle-age characterized clinically by Parkinsonian features<br>(e.g., MUSCLE RIGIDITY; HYPOKINESIA; stooped posture) and<br>HYPOTENSION. This condition is considered a clinical variant of<br>MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. Pathologic features include a prominent<br>loss of neurons in the zona compacta of the SUBSTANTIA NIGRA and<br>PUTAMEN. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1075-6)",""],["Striatonigral Degeneration",84,0.0,"D020955","C10.228.662.550.800",0,"Description: A sporadic neurodegenerative disease with onset in<br>middle-age characterized clinically by Parkinsonian features<br>(e.g., MUSCLE RIGIDITY; HYPOKINESIA; stooped posture) and<br>HYPOTENSION. This condition is considered a clinical variant of<br>MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. Pathologic features include a prominent<br>loss of neurons in the zona compacta of the SUBSTANTIA NIGRA and<br>PUTAMEN. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1075-6)",""],["Lewy Body Disease",3692,0.0,"D020961","C10.228.140.380.422",0,"Description: A neurodegenerative disease characterized by<br>dementia, mild parkinsonism, and fluctuations in attention and<br>alertness. The neuropsychiatric manifestations tend to precede<br>the onset of bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY, and other<br>extrapyramidal signs. DELUSIONS and visual HALLUCINATIONS are<br>relatively frequent in this condition. Histologic examination<br>reveals LEWY BODIES in the CEREBRAL CORTEX and BRAIN STEM. SENILE<br>PLAQUES and other pathologic features characteristic of ALZHEIMER<br>DISEASE may also be present. (From Neurology 1997;48:376-380;<br>Neurology 1996;47:1113-1124)",""],["Lewy Body Disease",3692,0.0,"D020961","C10.228.662.600.200",0,"Description: A neurodegenerative disease characterized by<br>dementia, mild parkinsonism, and fluctuations in attention and<br>alertness. The neuropsychiatric manifestations tend to precede<br>the onset of bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY, and other<br>extrapyramidal signs. DELUSIONS and visual HALLUCINATIONS are<br>relatively frequent in this condition. Histologic examination<br>reveals LEWY BODIES in the CEREBRAL CORTEX and BRAIN STEM. SENILE<br>PLAQUES and other pathologic features characteristic of ALZHEIMER<br>DISEASE may also be present. (From Neurology 1997;48:376-380;<br>Neurology 1996;47:1113-1124)",""],["Brachial Plexus Neuritis",1457,0.0,"D020968","C10.668.829.100.500",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with inflammation of the<br>BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Clinical features include severe pain in the<br>shoulder region which may be accompanied by MUSCLE WEAKNESS and<br>loss of sensation in the upper extremity. This condition may be<br>associated with VIRUS DISEASES; IMMUNIZATION; SURGERY; heroin use<br>(see HEROIN DEPENDENCE); and other conditions. The term brachial<br>neuralgia generally refers to pain associated with brachial<br>plexus injury. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp1355-6)",""],["Brachial Plexus Neuritis",1457,0.0,"D020968","C10.668.829.650.250",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with inflammation of the<br>BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Clinical features include severe pain in the<br>shoulder region which may be accompanied by MUSCLE WEAKNESS and<br>loss of sensation in the upper extremity. This condition may be<br>associated with VIRUS DISEASES; IMMUNIZATION; SURGERY; heroin use<br>(see HEROIN DEPENDENCE); and other conditions. The term brachial<br>neuralgia generally refers to pain associated with brachial<br>plexus injury. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp1355-6)",""],["Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial",2169,0.0,"D028227","C10.668.829.050.050",0,"Description: Inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system<br>associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. The<br>different clinical types based on symptoms correspond to the<br>presence of a variety of mutations in several different proteins<br>including transthyretin (PREALBUMIN); APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; and<br>GELSOLIN.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant",336,0.0,"D029241","C10.574.500.662.100",0,"Description: Dominant optic atrophy is a hereditary optic<br>neuropathy causing decreased visual acuity, color vision<br>deficits, a centrocecal scotoma, and optic nerve pallor (Hum.<br>Genet. 1998; 102: 79-86). Mutations leading to this condition<br>have been mapped to the OPA1 gene at chromosome 3q28-q29. OPA1<br>codes for a dynamin-related GTPase that localizes to<br>mitochondria.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber",1206,0.0,"D029242","C10.574.500.662.400",0,"Description: A maternally linked genetic disorder that presents<br>in mid-life as acute or subacute central vision loss leading to<br>central scotoma and blindness. The disease has been associated<br>with missense mutations in the mtDNA, in genes for Complex I,<br>III, and IV polypeptides, that can act autonomously or in<br>association with each other to cause the disease. (from Online<br>Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/,<br>MIM#535000 (April 17, 2001))",""],["Insomnia, Fatal Familial",174,0.0,"D034062","C10.228.228.800.392",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by<br>degeneration of the THALAMUS and progressive insomnia. It is<br>caused by a mutation in the prion protein (PRIONS).",""],["Wasting Disease, Chronic",516,0.0,"D034081","C10.228.228.800.858",0,"Description: A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion<br>disease) of DEER and elk characterized by chronic weight loss<br>leading to death. It is thought to spread by direct contact<br>between animals or through environmental contamination with the<br>prion protein (PRIONS).",""],["Shaken Baby Syndrome",603,0.0,"D038642","C10.900.300.087.850",0,"Description: Brain injuries resulted from vigorous shaking of an<br>infant or young child held by the chest, shoulders, or<br>extremities causing extreme cranial acceleration. It is<br>characterized by the intracranial and intraocular hemorrhages<br>with no evident external trauma. Serious cases may result in<br>death.",""],["Neuralgia, Postherpetic",1180,0.0,"D051474","C10.668.829.600.550",0,"Description: Pain in nerves, frequently involving facial SKIN,<br>resulting from the activation the latent varicella-zoster virus<br>(HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). The two forms of the condition preceding<br>the pain are HERPES ZOSTER OTICUS; and HERPES ZOSTER<br>OPHTHALMICUS. Following the healing of the rashes and blisters,<br>the pain sometimes persists.",""],["Pyomyositis",497,0.0,"D052880","C10.668.491.562.787",0,"Description: An intramuscular suppuration of the large skeletal<br>muscle groups. It is associated with INFECTION such as<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS and PYODERMA. It was known as a tropical<br>disease but is increasing among the immunocompromised<br>(IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST). Symptoms include muscle pain, FEVER,<br>and leucocytosis. It has been diagnosed by MRI SCANS.",""],["Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome",405,0.0,"D053578","C10.597.350.500.500",0,"Description: A neurological condition that is characterized by<br>uncontrolled rapid irregular movements of the eye (OPSOCLONUS)<br>and the muscle (MYOCLONUS) causing unsteady, trembling gait. It<br>is also known as dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome and is often<br>associated with neoplasms, viral infections, or autoimmune<br>disorders involving the nervous system.",""],["Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome",1830,0.0,"D054038","C10.228.140.695.875",0,"Description: A condition that is characterized by HEADACHE;<br>SEIZURES; and visual loss with edema in the posterior aspects of<br>the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, such as the BRAIN STEM. Generally,<br>lesions involve the white matter (nerve fibers) but occasionally<br>the grey matter (nerve cell bodies).",""],["Vein of Galen Malformations",266,0.0,"D054080","C10.500.190.500.500",0,"Description: Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the<br>VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of the brain. The<br>rush of arterial blood directly into the vein of Galen, without<br>passing through the CAPILLARIES, can overwhelm the heart and lead<br>to CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.",""],["Lissencephaly",582,0.0,"D054082","C10.500.507.450.499",3,"Description: A smooth brain malformation of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>resulting from the abnormal location of developing neurons during<br>corticogenesis. It is characterized by an absence of normal<br>convoluted indentations on the surface of the brain (agyria), or<br>fewer and shallower indentations (pachygryia). There is a reduced<br>number of cortical layers, typically 4 instead of 6, resulting in<br>a thickened cortex, and reduced cerebral white matter that is a<br>reversal of the normal ratio of cerebral white matter to cortex.",""],["Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia",224,0.0,"D054091","C10.500.507.450.750",0,"Description: A disorder resulting from a defect in the pattern of<br>neuronal migration in which ectopic collections of neurons lie<br>along the lateral ventricles of the brain or just beneath,<br>contiguously or in isolated patches.",""],["Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias",182,0.0,"D054221","C10.500.507.450.230",0,"Description: Disorders comprising a spectrum of brain<br>malformations representing the paradigm of a diffuse neuronal<br>migration disorder. They result in cognitive impairment;<br>SEIZURES; and HYPOTONIA or spasticity. Mutations of two genes,<br>LIS1, the gene for the non-catalytic subunit of PLATELET-<br>ACTIVATING FACTOR ACETYLHYDROLASE IB; and DCX or XLIS, the gene<br>for doublecortin, have been identified as the most common causes<br>of disorders in this spectrum. Additional variants of classical<br>(Type I) lissencephaly have been linked to RELN, the gene for<br>reelin, and ARX, the gene for aristaless related homeobox<br>protein. (From Leventer, R.J., et al, Mol Med Today. 2000<br>Jul;6(7):277-84 and Barkovich, A.J., et al, Neurology. 2005 Dec<br>27;65(12):1873-87.)",""],["Marchiafava-Bignami Disease",141,0.0,"D054319","C10.228.140.163.510",0,"Description: A neurodegenerative condition that is characterized<br>by demyelination or necrosis of the CORPUS CALLOSUM. Symptoms<br>include DEPRESSION; PARANOIA; DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; and ATAXIA<br>which can progress to COMA and death in a few months.<br>Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome is seen often in alcoholics but has<br>been found in non-alcoholics as well.",""],["Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome",744,0.0,"D054972","C10.177.575.600.625",0,"Description: A syndrome of ORTHOSTATIC INTOLERANCE combined with<br>excessive upright TACHYCARDIA, and usually without associated<br>ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION. All variants have in common an<br>excessively reduced venous return to the heart (central<br>HYPOVOLEMIA) while upright.",""],["Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked",247,0.0,"D055534","C10.228.854.468.399",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular<br>atrophy. It is due to a mutation of the gene encoding the<br>ANDROGEN RECEPTOR.",""],["Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked",247,0.0,"D055534","C10.574.562.500.374",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular<br>atrophy. It is due to a mutation of the gene encoding the<br>ANDROGEN RECEPTOR.",""],["Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked",247,0.0,"D055534","C10.668.467.500.186",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular<br>atrophy. It is due to a mutation of the gene encoding the<br>ANDROGEN RECEPTOR.",""],["Orbital Myositis",165,0.0,"D055622","C10.668.491.562.537",0,"Description: Inflammation of the extraocular muscle of the eye.<br>It is characterized by swelling which can lead to ischemia,<br>fibrosis, or ORBITAL PSEUDOTUMOR.",""],["Meningeal Carcinomatosis",814,0.0,"D055756","C10.551.240.500.150",0,"Description: Primary or secondary neoplasm in the ARACHNOID or<br>SUBARACHNOID SPACE. It appears as a diffuse fibrotic thickening<br>of the MENINGES associated with variable degrees of inflammation.",""],["Sarcopenia",7722,0.0,"D055948","C10.597.613.612.500",0,"Description: Progressive decline in muscle mass due to aging<br>which results in decreased functional capacity of muscles.",""],["Susac Syndrome",301,0.0,"D055955","C10.228.140.300.787",0,"Description: A rare disorder consisting of microangiopathy of<br>brain, retina, and inner ear ARTERIOLES. It is characterized by<br>the clinical triad of encephalopathy, BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY<br>OCCLUSION and VERTIGO/hearing loss.",""],["Diffuse Neurofibrillary Tangles with Calcification",11,0.0,"D055956","C10.228.140.380.254",0,"Description: A form of presenile DEMENTIA characterized by<br>cortical dementia, NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES without SENILE<br>PLAQUES, Fahr's type CALCINOSIS, and ATROPHY in frontotemporal or<br>TEMPORAL LOBE.",""],["Piriformis Muscle Syndrome",194,0.0,"D055958","C10.668.829.550.500",0,"Description: A chronic PELVIC PAIN characterized by pain deep in<br>the buttock that may radiate to posterior aspects of the leg. It<br>is caused by the piriformis muscle compressing or irritating the<br>SCIATIC NERVE due to trauma, hypertrophy, inflammation or<br>anatomic variations.",""],["Piriformis Muscle Syndrome",194,0.0,"D055958","C10.668.829.600.675",0,"Description: A chronic PELVIC PAIN characterized by pain deep in<br>the buttock that may radiate to posterior aspects of the leg. It<br>is caused by the piriformis muscle compressing or irritating the<br>SCIATIC NERVE due to trauma, hypertrophy, inflammation or<br>anatomic variations.",""],["Colloid Cysts",290,0.0,"D056364","C10.551.240.375.200",0,"Description: Benign, congenital, neuroepithelial cysts that are<br>typically filled with a viscous mucus. They usually arise in the<br>anterior portion of the THIRD VENTRICLE between the fornices.",""],["Giant Axonal Neuropathy",73,0.0,"D056768","C10.574.500.495.490",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of INTERMEDIATE<br>FILAMENT PROTEINS. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene<br>that codes gigaxonin protein. The mutations result in<br>disorganization of axonal NEUROFILAMENT PROTEINS, formation of<br>the characteristic giant axons, and progressive neuropathy. The<br>clinical features of the disease include early-onset progressive<br>peripheral motor and sensory neuropathies often associated with<br>central nervous system involvement (INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY,<br>seizures, DYSMETRIA, and CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS).",""],["Alstrom Syndrome",148,0.0,"D056769","C10.574.500.495.099",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include<br>retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS<br>PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity,<br>sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development.<br>Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and<br>progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by<br>mutations in the ALMS1 gene.",""],["Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia",110,0.0,"D057178","C10.574.950.300.600",0,"Description: A form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and a<br>progressive form of dementia characterized by motor speech<br>impairment and AGRAMMATISM, with relative sparing of single word<br>comprehension and semantic memory.",""],["Frontotemporal Dementia",3934,0.0,"D057180","C10.574.950.300.299",0,"Description: The most common clinical form of FRONTOTEMPORAL<br>LOBAR DEGENERATION, this dementia presents with personality and<br>behavioral changes often associated with disinhibition, apathy,<br>and lack of insight.",""],["Post-Exercise Hypotension",123,0.0,"D057774","C10.177.575.600.537",0,"Description: Transient reduction in blood pressure levels<br>immediately after exercises that lasts 2-12 hours. The reduction<br>varies but is typically 5-20 mm Hg when compared to pre-exercise<br>levels. It exists both in normotensive and hypertensive<br>individuals and may play a role in excercise related PHYSIOLOGIC<br>ADAPTATION.",""],["Cerebral Ventriculitis",284,0.0,"D058565","C10.228.140.430.249",0,"Description: Inflammation of CEREBRAL VENTRICLES.",""],["Cerebral Ventriculitis",284,0.0,"D058565","C10.228.228.245.169",0,"Description: Inflammation of CEREBRAL VENTRICLES.",""],["Megalencephaly",463,0.0,"D058627","C10.500.507.400.249",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which the<br>occipitofrontal circumference is greater than two standard<br>deviations above the mean for a given age. It is associated with<br>HYDROCEPHALUS; SUBDURAL EFFUSION; ARACHNOID CYSTS; or is part of<br>a genetic condition (e.g., ALEXANDER DISEASE; SOTOS SYNDROME).",""],["Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis",1538,0.0,"D060426","C10.228.140.430.124",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by symptoms of CATATONIA;<br>HYPOVENTILATION; DYSKINESIAS; ENCEPHALITIS; and SEIZURES followed<br>by a reduced CONSCIOUSNESS. It is often followed by a viral-like<br>prodrome. Many cases are self-limiting and respond well to<br>IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPIES against the NMDA RECEPTORS antibodies.",""],["Ophthalmoplegic Migraine",62,0.0,"D060486","C10.292.562.750.375",0,"Description: Childhood-onset of recurrent headaches with an<br>oculomotor cranial nerve palsy. Typically, ABDUCENS NERVE;<br>OCULOMOTOR NERVE; and TROCHLEAR NERVE are involved with DIPLOPIA<br>and BLEPHAROPTOSIS.",""],["Ophthalmoplegic Migraine",62,0.0,"D060486","C10.597.622.447.600",0,"Description: Childhood-onset of recurrent headaches with an<br>oculomotor cranial nerve palsy. Typically, ABDUCENS NERVE;<br>OCULOMOTOR NERVE; and TROCHLEAR NERVE are involved with DIPLOPIA<br>and BLEPHAROPTOSIS.",""],["Pudendal Neuralgia",126,0.0,"D060545","C10.668.829.550.650",0,"Description: Pain associated with a damaged PUDENDAL NERVE.<br>Clinical features may include positional pain with sitting in the<br>perineal and genital areas, sexual dysfunction and FECAL<br>INCONTINENCE and URINARY INCONTINENCE.",""],["Pudendal Neuralgia",126,0.0,"D060545","C10.668.829.600.737",0,"Description: Pain associated with a damaged PUDENDAL NERVE.<br>Clinical features may include positional pain with sitting in the<br>perineal and genital areas, sexual dysfunction and FECAL<br>INCONTINENCE and URINARY INCONTINENCE.",""],["Olfactory Nerve Injuries",36,0.0,"D061219","C10.900.300.218.487",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the OLFACTORY NERVE. It may<br>result in various olfactory dysfunction including a complete loss<br>of smell.",""],["Oculomotor Nerve Injuries",86,0.0,"D061220","C10.292.562.700.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. This may<br>result in various eye movement dysfunction.",""],["Oculomotor Nerve Injuries",86,0.0,"D061220","C10.900.300.218.456",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. This may<br>result in various eye movement dysfunction.",""],["Lingual Nerve Injuries",282,0.0,"D061222","C10.292.200.875.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the LINGUAL NERVE. It may be a<br>complication following dental treatments.",""],["Vagus Nerve Injuries",1219,0.0,"D061223","C10.900.300.218.887",2,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the VAGUS NERVE. Because the<br>vagus nerve innervates multiple organs, injuries in the nerve<br>fibers may result in any gastrointestinal organ dysfunction<br>downstream of the injury site.",""],["Laryngeal Nerve Injuries",1126,0.0,"D061224","C10.292.200.937.750",1,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the LARYNGEAL NERVE.",""],["Accessory Nerve Injuries",208,0.0,"D061227","C10.900.300.218.225",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the ACCESSORY NERVE. Damage to<br>the nerve may produce weakness in head rotation and shoulder<br>elevation.",""],["Hypoglossal Nerve Injuries",159,0.0,"D061228","C10.900.300.218.362",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE.",""],["Trochlear Nerve Injuries",26,0.0,"D061247","C10.900.300.218.831",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the TROCHLEAR NERVE.",""],["Vestibulocochlear Nerve Injuries",32,0.0,"D061285","C10.900.300.218.943",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE.",""],["Glossopharyngeal Nerve Injuries",32,0.0,"D061287","C10.900.300.218.331",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE.",""],["Alice in Wonderland Syndrome",61,0.0,"D062026","C10.597.606.762.150",0,"Description: Neurological condition characterized by disturbances<br>in VISUAL PERCEPTION, most often of BODY SCHEMA, TIME PERCEPTION<br>and HALLUCINATIONS. It is associated with MIGRAINE, infections<br>(e.g., INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS), FEVER, EPILEPSY, and other<br>neurological and psychiatric disorders.",""],["Alice in Wonderland Syndrome",61,0.0,"D062026","C10.597.751.941.036",0,"Description: Neurological condition characterized by disturbances<br>in VISUAL PERCEPTION, most often of BODY SCHEMA, TIME PERCEPTION<br>and HALLUCINATIONS. It is associated with MIGRAINE, infections<br>(e.g., INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS), FEVER, EPILEPSY, and other<br>neurological and psychiatric disorders.",""],["Polymicrogyria",160,0.0,"D065706","C10.500.507.500.500",0,"Description: Heterogeneous disorders of cortical malformation<br>characterized by excessive and small fused gyri and shallow sulci<br>of the CORTEX with abnormal cortical lamination. It is considered<br>a malformation secondary to abnormal post-migrational development<br>of the neurons during cerebral cortical development and is<br>associated with EPILEPSY and learning difficulties.",""],["Schizencephaly",57,0.0,"D065707","C10.500.507.500.750",0,"Description: Cortical malformations characterized by grey matter-<br>lined cleft or cyst that extends from the EPENDYMA often to the<br>PIA MATER outer surface. The grey matter that lines the cleft is<br>often POLYMICROGYRIA. It is associated with developmental delay,<br>motor disturbance and seizures.",""],["Porencephaly",84,0.0,"D065708","C10.500.507.500.625",0,"Description: Cortical malformations characterized by white<br>matter-lined cleft or cyst associated with ISCHEMIA and<br>hemorrhagic insults. Symptoms include delayed growth and<br>development, HYPOTONIA; SEIZURES; SPASTIC HEMIPLEGIA and<br>MACROCEPHALY; MICROCEPHALY; or HYDROCEPHALUS. Mutations in the<br>genes encoding COLLAGEN TYPE IV are associated with familial<br>types.",""],["Allesthesia",9,0.0,"D066190","C10.597.606.762.175",0,"Description: A neurological disorder in which a sensory stimulus,<br>usually tactile but more rarely other sensory modalities, is<br>misperceived in a location distant from the original stimulus.",""],["Epilepsy",149414,0.6,"D004827","C10.228.140.490",37,"Description: A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of<br>paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and<br>excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are<br>generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure<br>episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-<br>traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal<br>lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the<br>brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy).<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)",""],["Hypothalamic Diseases",86165,0.4,"D007027","C10.228.140.617",22,"Description: Neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious, and other<br>diseases of the hypothalamus. Clinical manifestations include<br>appetite disorders; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; SLEEP<br>DISORDERS; behavioral symptoms related to dysfunction of the<br>LIMBIC SYSTEM; and neuroendocrine disorders.",""],["Encephalitis",52986,0.2,"D004660","C10.228.140.430",21,"Description: Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection,<br>autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral<br>infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent<br>cause of this condition.",""],["Infectious Encephalitis",26182,0.1,"D000069544","C10.228.228.399",15,"Description: Brain inflammation caused by an infectious agent.",""],["Infectious Encephalitis",26182,0.1,"D000069544","C10.586.250.520",15,"Description: Brain inflammation caused by an infectious agent.",""],["Neuralgia",21663,0.1,"D009437","C10.668.829.600",6,"Description: Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course<br>or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.",""],["Brain Injuries",78775,0.3,"D001930","C10.228.140.199",14,"Description: Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC)<br>injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres,<br>CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the<br>nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently<br>associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC.<br>Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL<br>MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.",""],["Brain Injuries",79344,0.3,"D001930","C10.900.300.087",14,"Description: Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC)<br>injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres,<br>CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the<br>nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently<br>associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC.<br>Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL<br>MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.",""],["Dyskinesias",25190,0.1,"D020820","C10.228.662.262",6,"Description: Abnormal involuntary movements which primarily<br>affect the extremities, trunk, or jaw that occur as a<br>manifestation of an underlying disease process. Conditions which<br>feature recurrent or persistent episodes of dyskinesia as a<br>primary manifestation of disease may be referred to as dyskinesia<br>syndromes (see MOVEMENT DISORDERS). Dyskinesias are also a<br>relatively common manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.",""],["Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced",5922,0.0,"D004409","C10.597.350.275",1,"Description: Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS;<br>HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of<br>certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck,<br>and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia<br>refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the<br>face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic<br>agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)",""],["Acute Febrile Encephalopathy",91,0.0,"D000071072","C10.228.140.021",0,"Description: Acute onset of fever accompanied by seizures,<br>cerebral inflammation and a change in mental status (e.g.,<br>confusion, disorientation, and coma).",""],["Small Fiber Neuropathy",280,0.0,"D000071075","C10.668.829.860",0,"Description: Disorder of the peripheral nerves that primarily<br>impair small nerve fibers. The affected small nerve fibers<br>include myelinated A-delta fibers (see A FIBERS) and unmyelinated<br>C FIBERS. Because these small fibers innervate skin and help<br>control autonomic function, their neuropathy presents with<br>neuropathic pain, reduced thermal and pain sensitivity, and<br>autonomic dysfunction (e.g. abnormal sweating or facial<br>flushing). Small fiber neuropathy can be idiopathic or associated<br>with underlying diseases (e.g., AMYLOIDOSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>SARCOIDOSIS; or VASCULITIS).",""],["Confusion",14186,0.1,"D003221","C10.597.606.337",2,"Description: A mental state characterized by bewilderment,<br>emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual<br>disorientation.",""],["Intellectual Disability",86758,0.4,"D008607","C10.597.606.360",18,"Description: Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates<br>during the developmental period. This has multiple potential<br>etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults.<br>Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine<br>whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores<br>between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67<br>are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992,<br>Ch55, p28)",""],["Cerebrovascular Disorders",534611,2.3,"D002561","C10.228.140.300",105,"Description: A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired<br>blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or<br>VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major<br>categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS;<br>BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.",""],["Perceptual Disorders",24317,0.1,"D010468","C10.597.606.762",11,"Description: Cognitive disorders characterized by an impaired<br>ability to perceive the nature of objects or concepts through use<br>of the sense organs. These include spatial neglect syndromes,<br>where an individual does not attend to visual, auditory, or<br>sensory stimuli presented from one side of the body.",""],["Memory Disorders",25886,0.1,"D008569","C10.597.606.525",6,"Description: Disturbances in registering an impression, in the<br>retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an<br>impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA;<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL<br>AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.",""],["Alcohol Amnestic Disorder",710,0.0,"D000425","C10.720.112.100",1,"Description: A mental disorder associated with chronic ethanol<br>abuse (ALCOHOLISM) and nutritional deficiencies characterized by<br>short term memory loss, confabulations, and disturbances of<br>attention. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)",""],["Brachial Plexus Neuropathies",4066,0.0,"D020516","C10.668.829.100",2,"Description: Diseases of the cervical (and first thoracic) roots,<br>nerve trunks, cords, and peripheral nerve components of the<br>BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Clinical manifestations include regional pain,<br>PARESTHESIA; MUSCLE WEAKNESS, and decreased sensation<br>(HYPESTHESIA) in the upper extremity. These disorders may be<br>associated with trauma (including BIRTH INJURIES); THORACIC<br>OUTLET SYNDROME; NEOPLASMS; NEURITIS; RADIOTHERAPY; and other<br>conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1351-2)",""],["Nerve Compression Syndromes",21769,0.1,"D009408","C10.668.829.550",9,"Description: Mechanical compression of nerves or nerve roots from<br>internal or external causes. These may result in a conduction<br>block to nerve impulses (due to MYELIN SHEATH dysfunction) or<br>axonal loss. The nerve and nerve sheath injuries may be caused by<br>ISCHEMIA; INFLAMMATION; or a direct mechanical effect.",""],["Polyneuropathies",30999,0.1,"D011115","C10.668.829.800",18,"Description: Diseases of multiple peripheral nerves<br>simultaneously. Polyneuropathies usually are characterized by<br>symmetrical, bilateral distal motor and sensory impairment with a<br>graded increase in severity distally. The pathological processes<br>affecting peripheral nerves include degeneration of the axon,<br>myelin or both. The various forms of polyneuropathy are<br>categorized by the type of nerve affected (e.g., sensory, motor,<br>or autonomic), by the distribution of nerve injury (e.g., distal<br>vs. proximal), by nerve component primarily affected (e.g.,<br>demyelinating vs. axonal), by etiology, or by pattern of<br>inheritance.",""],["Optic Nerve Hypoplasia",23,0.0,"D000080344","C10.292.700.463",0,"Description: A group of rare genetic disorders characterized by<br>underdeveloped OPTIC NERVES, resulting in increased incidences of<br>vision impairment, CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS and STRABISMUS. It may be<br>syndromic, and is often associated with CNS malformations.",""],["Quadriplegia",5218,0.0,"D011782","C10.597.622.760",1,"Description: Severe or complete loss of motor function in all<br>four limbs which may result from BRAIN DISEASES; SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR<br>DISEASES; or rarely MUSCULAR DISEASES. The locked-in syndrome is<br>characterized by quadriplegia in combination with cranial muscle<br>paralysis. Consciousness is spared and the only retained<br>voluntary motor activity may be limited eye movements. This<br>condition is usually caused by a lesion in the upper BRAIN STEM<br>which injures the descending cortico-spinal and cortico-bulbar<br>tracts.",""],["Brain Neoplasms",163989,0.7,"D001932","C10.228.140.211",13,"Description: Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the<br>central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal<br>ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum.<br>Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from<br>brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary<br>neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In<br>general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset,<br>histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.",""],["Brain Neoplasms",163989,0.7,"D001932","C10.551.240.250",13,"Description: Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the<br>central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal<br>ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum.<br>Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from<br>brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary<br>neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In<br>general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset,<br>histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.",""],["Communication Disorders",71930,0.3,"D003147","C10.597.606.150",24,"Description: Disorders of verbal and nonverbal communication<br>caused by receptive or expressive LANGUAGE DISORDERS, cognitive<br>dysfunction (e.g., MENTAL RETARDATION), psychiatric conditions,<br>and HEARING DISORDERS.",""],["Trigeminal Nerve Injuries",1322,0.0,"D061221","C10.292.200.875",2,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. It may<br>result in extreme pain, abnormal sensation in the areas the nerve<br>innervates on face, jaw, gums and tongue and can cause<br>difficulties with speech and chewing. It is sometimes associated<br>with various dental treatments.",""],["Facial Neuralgia",9880,0.0,"D005156","C10.292.319.625",5,"Description: Neuralgic syndromes which feature chronic or<br>recurrent FACIAL PAIN as the primary manifestation of disease.<br>Disorders of the trigeminal and facial nerves are frequently<br>associated with these conditions.",""],["Cranial Nerve Injuries",6846,0.0,"D020209","C10.900.300.218",17,"Description: Dysfunction of one or more cranial nerves causally<br>related to a traumatic injury. Penetrating and nonpenetrating<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; NECK INJURIES; and trauma to the facial<br>region are conditions associated with cranial nerve injuries.",""],["Optic Nerve Injuries",1841,0.0,"D020221","C10.292.200.750",1,"Description: Injuries to the optic nerve induced by a trauma to<br>the face or head. These may occur with closed or penetrating<br>injuries. Relatively minor compression of the superior aspect of<br>orbit may also result in trauma to the optic nerve. Clinical<br>manifestations may include visual loss, PAPILLEDEMA, and an<br>afferent pupillary defect.",""],["Optic Nerve Injuries",1841,0.0,"D020221","C10.292.700.475",1,"Description: Injuries to the optic nerve induced by a trauma to<br>the face or head. These may occur with closed or penetrating<br>injuries. Relatively minor compression of the superior aspect of<br>orbit may also result in trauma to the optic nerve. Clinical<br>manifestations may include visual loss, PAPILLEDEMA, and an<br>afferent pupillary defect.",""],["Myotoxicity",40,0.0,"D000081030","C10.668.491.628",0,"Description: Damage to the muscle or its function secondary to<br>toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Muscular Disorders, Atrophic",29793,0.1,"D020966","C10.668.491.175",12,"Description: Disorders characterized by an abnormal reduction in<br>muscle volume due to a decrease in the size or number of muscle<br>fibers. Atrophy may result from diseases intrinsic to muscle<br>tissue (e.g., MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY) or secondary to PERIPHERAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that impair innervation to muscle tissue<br>(e.g., MUSCULAR ATROPHY, SPINAL).",""],["Olfaction Disorders",5034,0.0,"D000857","C10.597.751.600",1,"Description: Impaired ability to smell. This may be caused by<br>OLFACTORY NERVE DISEASES; PARANASAL SINUS DISEASES; viral<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; SMOKING; and<br>other conditions.",""],["Mania",134,0.0,"D000087122","C10.597.606.483",0,"Description: A state of elevated excitement with over-activity<br>sometimes accompanied with psychotic symptoms (e.g., PSYCHOMOTOR<br>AGITATION, inflated SELF ESTEEM and flight of ideas). It is often<br>associated with mental disorders (e.g., CYCLOTHYMIC DISORDER; and<br>BIPOLAR DISEASES).",""],["Diaschisis",6,0.0,"D000087505","C10.228.140.390",0,"Description: Loss or decreased brain function within intact<br>region of the brain distant from the site of the lesion.",""],["Corticobasal Degeneration",23,0.0,"D000088282","C10.574.945.312",0,"Description: Rare progressive neurological disorder characterized<br>by Parkinsonism, cortical atrophy of multiple areas of the brain<br>including the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia, cognitive<br>dysfunction and eye movement abnormalities.",""],["Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures",6,0.0,"D000091323","C10.597.742.357",0,"Description: Seizures caused by psychological factors without<br>electrophysiological epileptic changes.",""],["Acrodynia",367,0.0,"D000170","C10.668.829.025",0,"Description: A condition seen primarily in childhood, most often<br>resulting from chronic exposure to MERCURY COMPOUNDS which may<br>result in encephalopathy and POLYNEUROPATHY. Clinical features<br>include pain, swelling and pinkish discoloration of the fingers<br>and toes, weakness in the extremities, extreme irritability,<br>HYPERESTHESIA, and alterations in level of consciousness. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p603)",""],["Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System",779,0.0,"D020262","C10.720.475.600",1,"Description: Neurologic disorders associated with exposure to<br>inorganic and organic forms of MERCURY. Acute intoxication may be<br>associated with gastrointestinal disturbances, mental status<br>changes, and PARAPARESIS. Chronic exposure to inorganic mercury<br>usually occurs in industrial workers, and manifests as mental<br>confusion, prominent behavioral changes (including psychosis),<br>DYSKINESIAS, and NEURITIS. Alkyl mercury poisoning may occur<br>through ingestion of contaminated seafood or grain, and its<br>characteristic features include POLYNEUROPATHY; ATAXIA; vision<br>loss; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; and DEAFNESS. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1997, Ch20, pp10-15)",""],["Oculomotor Nerve Diseases",2018,0.0,"D015840","C10.292.562.700",2,"Description: Diseases of the oculomotor nerve or nucleus that<br>result in weakness or paralysis of the superior rectus, inferior<br>rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, or levator palpebrae<br>muscles, or impaired parasympathetic innervation to the pupil.<br>With a complete oculomotor palsy, the eyelid will be paralyzed,<br>the eye will be in an abducted and inferior position, and the<br>pupil will be markedly dilated. Commonly associated conditions<br>include neoplasms, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, ischemia (especially in<br>association with DIABETES MELLITUS), and aneurysmal compression.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p270)",""],["Brain Diseases, Metabolic",71411,0.3,"D001928","C10.228.140.163",69,"Description: Acquired or inborn metabolic diseases that produce<br>brain dysfunction or damage. These include primary (i.e.,<br>disorders intrinsic to the brain) and secondary (i.e.,<br>extracranial) metabolic conditions that adversely affect cerebral<br>function.",""],["Leukoencephalopathies",34220,0.1,"D056784","C10.228.140.695",16,"Description: Any of various diseases affecting the white matter<br>of the central nervous system.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C10.314.400.250",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Taste Disorders",2053,0.0,"D013651","C10.597.751.861",2,"Description: Conditions characterized by an alteration in<br>gustatory function or perception. Taste disorders are frequently<br>associated with OLFACTION DISORDERS. Additional potential<br>etiologies include METABOLIC DISEASES; DRUG TOXICITY; and taste<br>pathway disorders (e.g., TASTE BUD diseases; FACIAL NERVE<br>DISEASES; GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE DISEASES; and BRAIN STEM<br>diseases).",""],["Akinetic Mutism",318,0.0,"D000405","C10.228.140.042",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by a silent and inert state<br>without voluntary motor activity despite preserved sensorimotor<br>pathways and vigilance. Bilateral FRONTAL LOBE dysfunction<br>involving the anterior cingulate gyrus and related brain injuries<br>are associated with this condition. This may result in impaired<br>abilities to communicate and initiate motor activities. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p348; Fortschr<br>Neurol Psychiatr 1995 Feb;63(2):59-67)",""],["Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium",1418,0.0,"D000430","C10.720.112.200",0,"Description: An acute organic mental disorder induced by<br>cessation or reduction in chronic alcohol consumption. Clinical<br>characteristics include CONFUSION; DELUSIONS; vivid<br>HALLUCINATIONS; TREMOR; agitation; insomnia; and signs of<br>autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., elevated blood pressure and heart<br>rate, dilated pupils, and diaphoresis). This condition may<br>occasionally be fatal. It was formerly called delirium tremens.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1175)",""],["Dementia",198460,0.8,"D003704","C10.228.140.380",16,"Description: An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of<br>intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with<br>social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is<br>multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality,<br>judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract<br>thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline<br>is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of<br>consciousness.",""],["Alzheimer Disease",104721,0.4,"D000544","C10.574.945.249",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by<br>the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment,<br>attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe<br>APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition<br>primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by<br>severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES;<br>NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)",""],["Amblyopia",5866,0.0,"D000550","C10.228.140.055",0,"Description: A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision.<br>Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced<br>amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced<br>amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A<br>discrepancy between visual information received by the visual<br>cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development.<br>STRABISMUS and REFRACTIVE ERRORS may cause this condition. Toxic<br>amblyopia is a disorder of the OPTIC NERVE which is associated<br>with ALCOHOLISM, tobacco SMOKING, and other toxins and as an<br>adverse effect of the use of some medications.",""],["Vision Disorders",55413,0.2,"D014786","C10.597.751.941",14,"Description: Visual impairments limiting one or more of the basic<br>functions of the eye: visual acuity, dark adaptation, color<br>vision, or peripheral vision. These may result from EYE DISEASES;<br>OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; VISUAL PATHWAY diseases; OCCIPITAL LOBE<br>diseases; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS; and other conditions (From<br>Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p132).",""],["Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis",22519,0.1,"D000690","C10.228.854.139",0,"Description: A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR<br>NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem<br>and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and<br>the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical<br>manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy,<br>FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual<br>paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include<br>the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and<br>atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)",""],["Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis",22519,0.1,"D000690","C10.574.562.250",0,"Description: A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR<br>NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem<br>and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and<br>the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical<br>manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy,<br>FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual<br>paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include<br>the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and<br>atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)",""],["Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis",22519,0.1,"D000690","C10.574.950.050",0,"Description: A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR<br>NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem<br>and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and<br>the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical<br>manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy,<br>FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual<br>paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include<br>the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and<br>atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)",""],["Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis",22519,0.1,"D000690","C10.668.467.250",0,"Description: A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR<br>NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem<br>and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and<br>the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical<br>manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy,<br>FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual<br>paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include<br>the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and<br>atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)",""],["Pain Insensitivity, Congenital",423,0.0,"D000699","C10.668.829.700",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by indifference to PAIN<br>despite the ability to distinguish noxious from non-noxious<br>stimuli. Absent corneal reflexes and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may<br>be associated. Familial forms with autosomal recessive and<br>autosomal dominant patterns of inheritance have been described.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Anencephaly",2037,0.0,"D000757","C10.500.680.196",0,"Description: A malformation of the nervous system caused by<br>failure of the anterior neuropore to close. Infants are born with<br>intact spinal cords, cerebellums, and brainstems, but lack<br>formation of neural structures above this level. The skull is<br>only partially formed but the eyes are usually normal. This<br>condition may be associated with folate deficiency. Affected<br>infants are only capable of primitive (brain stem) reflexes and<br>usually do not survive for more than two weeks. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p247)",""],["Aphonia",236,0.0,"D001044","C10.597.975.100",0,"Description: Complete loss of phonation due to organic disease of<br>the larynx or to nonorganic (i.e., psychogenic) causes.",""],["Psychomotor Disorders",9522,0.0,"D011596","C10.597.606.881",5,"Description: Abnormalities of motor function that are associated<br>with organic and non-organic cognitive disorders.",""],["Arachnoiditis",1149,0.0,"D001100","C10.586.625.097",0,"Description: Acute or chronic inflammation of the arachnoid<br>membrane of the meninges most often involving the spinal cord or<br>base of the brain. This term generally refers to a persistent<br>inflammatory process characterized by thickening of the ARACHNOID<br>membrane and dural adhesions. Associated conditions include prior<br>surgery, infections, trauma, SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, and<br>chemical irritation. Clinical features vary with the site of<br>inflammation, but include cranial neuropathies, radiculopathies,<br>and myelopathies. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch48,<br>p25)",""],["Arnold-Chiari Malformation",3679,0.0,"D001139","C10.500.680.291",0,"Description: A group of congenital malformations involving the<br>brainstem, cerebellum, upper spinal cord, and surrounding bony<br>structures. Type II is the most common, and features compression<br>of the medulla and cerebellar tonsils into the upper cervical<br>spinal canal and an associated MENINGOMYELOCELE. Type I features<br>similar, but less severe malformations and is without an<br>associated meningomyelocele. Type III has the features of type II<br>with an additional herniation of the entire cerebellum through<br>the bony defect involving the foramen magnum, forming an<br>ENCEPHALOCELE. Type IV is a form a cerebellar hypoplasia.<br>Clinical manifestations of types I-III include TORTICOLLIS;<br>opisthotonus; HEADACHE; VERTIGO; VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS; APNEA;<br>NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL; swallowing difficulties; and ATAXIA. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p261; Davis,<br>Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp236-46)",""],["Ataxia",16300,0.1,"D001259","C10.597.350.090",5,"Description: Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly<br>coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the<br>limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia<br>may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory<br>ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL<br>NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR<br>DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL<br>GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other<br>conditions.",""],["Cerebellar Diseases",36433,0.2,"D002526","C10.228.140.252",14,"Description: Diseases that affect the structure or function of<br>the cerebellum. Cardinal manifestations of cerebellar dysfunction<br>include dysmetria, GAIT ATAXIA, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA.",""],["Athetosis",928,0.0,"D001264","C10.597.350.110",0,"Description: A dyskinesia characterized by an inability to<br>maintain the fingers, toes, tongue, or other body parts in a<br>stable position, resulting in continuous slow, sinusoidal, and<br>flowing involuntary movements. This condition is frequently<br>accompanied by CHOREA, where it is referred to as<br>choreoathetosis. Athetosis may occur as a manifestation of BASAL<br>GANGLIA DISEASES or DRUG TOXICITY. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p76)",""],["Auditory Diseases, Central",2384,0.0,"D001304","C10.228.140.068",2,"Description: Disorders of hearing or auditory perception due to<br>pathological processes of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS in the CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. These include CENTRAL HEARING LOSS and AUDITORY<br>PERCEPTUAL DISORDERS.",""],["Basal Ganglia Diseases",132371,0.6,"D001480","C10.228.140.079",22,"Description: Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN;<br>GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS.<br>DYSKINESIAS (most notably involuntary movements and alterations<br>of the rate of movement) represent the primary clinical<br>manifestations of these disorders. Common etiologies include<br>CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; and<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.",""],["Botulism",3071,0.0,"D001906","C10.668.758.200",0,"Description: A disease caused by potent protein NEUROTOXINS<br>produced by CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM which interfere with the<br>presynaptic release of ACETYLCHOLINE at the NEUROMUSCULAR<br>JUNCTION. Clinical features include abdominal pain, vomiting,<br>acute PARALYSIS (including respiratory paralysis), blurred<br>vision, and DIPLOPIA. Botulism may be classified into several<br>subtypes (e.g., food-borne, infant, wound, and others). (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1208)",""],["Brain Abscess",8440,0.0,"D001922","C10.228.140.116",1,"Description: A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in<br>the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. The majority<br>are caused by spread of infected material from a focus of<br>suppuration elsewhere in the body, notably the PARANASAL SINUSES,<br>middle ear (see EAR, MIDDLE); HEART (see also ENDOCARDITIS,<br>BACTERIAL), and LUNG. Penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES may also be associated with this<br>condition. Clinical manifestations include HEADACHE; SEIZURES;<br>focal neurologic deficits; and alterations of consciousness.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp712-6)",""],["Brain Abscess",8440,0.0,"D001922","C10.228.228.090",1,"Description: A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in<br>the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. The majority<br>are caused by spread of infected material from a focus of<br>suppuration elsewhere in the body, notably the PARANASAL SINUSES,<br>middle ear (see EAR, MIDDLE); HEART (see also ENDOCARDITIS,<br>BACTERIAL), and LUNG. Penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES may also be associated with this<br>condition. Clinical manifestations include HEADACHE; SEIZURES;<br>focal neurologic deficits; and alterations of consciousness.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp712-6)",""],["Head Injuries, Closed",14121,0.1,"D016489","C10.900.300.350",3,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the cranium where the<br>integrity of the skull is not compromised and no bone fragments<br>or other objects penetrate the skull and DURA MATER. This<br>frequently results in mechanical injury being transmitted to<br>intracranial structures which may produce TRAUMATIC BRAIN<br>INJURIES, hemorrhage, or CRANIAL NERVE INJURIES. (From Rowland,<br>Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p417)",""],["Brain Damage, Chronic",32426,0.1,"D001925","C10.228.140.140",3,"Description: A condition characterized by long-standing brain<br>dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or<br>longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain<br>NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA,<br>BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic<br>disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.",""],["Brain Death",5773,0.0,"D001926","C10.228.140.151",0,"Description: A state of prolonged irreversible cessation of all<br>brain activity, including lower brain stem function with the<br>complete absence of voluntary movements, responses to stimuli,<br>brain stem reflexes, and spontaneous respirations. Reversible<br>conditions which mimic this clinical state (e.g., sedative<br>overdose, hypothermia, etc.) are excluded prior to making the<br>determination of brain death. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp348-9)",""],["Consciousness Disorders",32818,0.1,"D003244","C10.597.606.358",9,"Description: Organic mental disorders in which there is<br>impairment of the ability to maintain awareness of self and<br>environment and to respond to environmental stimuli. Dysfunction<br>of the cerebral hemispheres or brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION may<br>result in this condition.",""],["Brain Edema",8792,0.0,"D001929","C10.228.140.187",0,"Description: Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in<br>brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased<br>intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell<br>metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic<br>injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid<br>may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability<br>(vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in<br>interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g.,<br>obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep;<br>8(6):301-6)",""],["Mononeuropathies",20604,0.1,"D020422","C10.668.829.500",13,"Description: Disease or trauma involving a single peripheral<br>nerve in isolation, or out of proportion to evidence of diffuse<br>peripheral nerve dysfunction. Mononeuropathy multiplex refers to<br>a condition characterized by multiple isolated nerve injuries.<br>Mononeuropathies may result from a wide variety of causes,<br>including ISCHEMIA; traumatic injury; compression; CONNECTIVE<br>TISSUE DISEASES; CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS; and other<br>conditions.",""],["Catalepsy",1169,0.0,"D002375","C10.597.350.200",0,"Description: A condition characterized by inactivity, decreased<br>responsiveness to stimuli, and a tendency to maintain an immobile<br>posture. The limbs tend to remain in whatever position they are<br>placed (waxy flexibility). Catalepsy may be associated with<br>PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS (e.g., SCHIZOPHRENIA, CATATONIC), nervous<br>system drug toxicity, and other conditions.",""],["Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic",70305,0.3,"D020919","C10.886.425.800",13,"Description: Dyssomnias (i.e., insomnias or hypersomnias)<br>associated with dysfunction of internal sleep mechanisms or<br>secondary to a sleep-related medical disorder (e.g., sleep apnea,<br>post-traumatic sleep disorders, etc.). (From Thorpy, Sleep<br>Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187)",""],["Catatonia",2486,0.0,"D002389","C10.597.606.115",0,"Description: A neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by one or<br>more of the following essential features: immobility, mutism,<br>negativism (active or passive refusal to follow commands),<br>mannerisms, stereotypies, posturing, grimacing, excitement,<br>echolalia, echopraxia, muscular rigidity, and stupor; sometimes<br>punctuated by sudden violent outbursts, panic, or hallucinations.<br>This condition may be associated with psychiatric illnesses<br>(e.g., SCHIZOPHRENIA; MOOD DISORDERS) or organic disorders<br>(NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME; ENCEPHALITIS, etc.). (From DSM-<br>IV, 4th ed, 1994; APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms,<br>1994)",""],["Causalgia",517,0.0,"D002422","C10.177.195.200",0,"Description: A complex regional pain syndrome characterized by<br>burning pain and marked sensitivity to touch (HYPERESTHESIA) in<br>the distribution of an injured peripheral nerve. Autonomic<br>dysfunction in the form of sudomotor (i.e., sympathetic<br>innervation to sweat glands), vasomotor, and trophic skin changes<br>may also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1359)",""],["Complex Regional Pain Syndromes",5953,0.0,"D020918","C10.668.829.250",2,"Description: Conditions characterized by pain involving an<br>extremity or other body region, HYPERESTHESIA, and localized<br>autonomic dysfunction following injury to soft tissue or nerve.<br>The pain is usually associated with ERYTHEMA; SKIN TEMPERATURE<br>changes, abnormal sudomotor activity (i.e., changes in sweating<br>due to altered sympathetic innervation) or edema. The degree of<br>pain and other manifestations is out of proportion to that<br>expected from the inciting event. Two subtypes of this condition<br>have been described: type I; (REFLEX SYMPATHETIC DYSTROPHY) and<br>type II; (CAUSALGIA). (From Pain 1995 Oct;63(1):127-33)",""],["Spinocerebellar Degenerations",9299,0.0,"D013132","C10.228.854.787",5,"Description: A heterogenous group of degenerative syndromes<br>marked by progressive cerebellar dysfunction either in isolation<br>or combined with other neurologic manifestations. Sporadic and<br>inherited subtypes occur. Inheritance patterns include autosomal<br>dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked.",""],["Spinocerebellar Degenerations",9299,0.0,"D013132","C10.574.500.825",5,"Description: A heterogenous group of degenerative syndromes<br>marked by progressive cerebellar dysfunction either in isolation<br>or combined with other neurologic manifestations. Sporadic and<br>inherited subtypes occur. Inheritance patterns include autosomal<br>dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked.",""],["Hypoxia, Brain",12175,0.1,"D002534","C10.228.140.624",1,"Description: A reduction in brain oxygen supply due to ANOXEMIA<br>(a reduced amount of oxygen being carried in the blood by<br>HEMOGLOBIN), or to a restriction of the blood supply to the<br>brain, or both. Severe hypoxia is referred to as anoxia and is a<br>relatively common cause of injury to the central nervous system.<br>Prolonged brain anoxia may lead to BRAIN DEATH or a PERSISTENT<br>VEGETATIVE STATE. Histologically, this condition is characterized<br>by neuronal loss which is most prominent in the HIPPOCAMPUS;<br>GLOBUS PALLIDUS; CEREBELLUM; and inferior olives.",""],["Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations",9008,0.0,"D002538","C10.500.190.500",1,"Description: Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain<br>characterized by direct communication between an artery and a<br>vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and<br>size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES;<br>SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and<br>vascular steal effect.",""],["Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder",2174,0.0,"D002549","C10.114.375.112",0,"Description: A rare central nervous system demyelinating<br>condition affecting children and young adults. Pathologic<br>findings include a large, sharply defined, asymmetric focus of<br>myelin destruction that may involve an entire lobe or cerebral<br>hemisphere. The clinical course tends to be progressive and<br>includes dementia, cortical blindness, cortical deafness, spastic<br>hemiplegia, and pseudobulbar palsy. Concentric sclerosis of Balo<br>is differentiated from diffuse cerebral sclerosis of Schilder by<br>the pathologic finding of alternating bands of destruction and<br>preservation of myelin in concentric rings. Alpers' Syndrome<br>refers to a heterogeneous group of diseases that feature<br>progressive cerebral deterioration and liver disease. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p914; Dev Neurosci<br>1991;13(4-5):267-73)",""],["Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder",2174,0.0,"D002549","C10.228.140.400",0,"Description: A rare central nervous system demyelinating<br>condition affecting children and young adults. Pathologic<br>findings include a large, sharply defined, asymmetric focus of<br>myelin destruction that may involve an entire lobe or cerebral<br>hemisphere. The clinical course tends to be progressive and<br>includes dementia, cortical blindness, cortical deafness, spastic<br>hemiplegia, and pseudobulbar palsy. Concentric sclerosis of Balo<br>is differentiated from diffuse cerebral sclerosis of Schilder by<br>the pathologic finding of alternating bands of destruction and<br>preservation of myelin in concentric rings. Alpers' Syndrome<br>refers to a heterogeneous group of diseases that feature<br>progressive cerebral deterioration and liver disease. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p914; Dev Neurosci<br>1991;13(4-5):267-73)",""],["Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder",2174,0.0,"D002549","C10.314.350.112",0,"Description: A rare central nervous system demyelinating<br>condition affecting children and young adults. Pathologic<br>findings include a large, sharply defined, asymmetric focus of<br>myelin destruction that may involve an entire lobe or cerebral<br>hemisphere. The clinical course tends to be progressive and<br>includes dementia, cortical blindness, cortical deafness, spastic<br>hemiplegia, and pseudobulbar palsy. Concentric sclerosis of Balo<br>is differentiated from diffuse cerebral sclerosis of Schilder by<br>the pathologic finding of alternating bands of destruction and<br>preservation of myelin in concentric rings. Alpers' Syndrome<br>refers to a heterogeneous group of diseases that feature<br>progressive cerebral deterioration and liver disease. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p914; Dev Neurosci<br>1991;13(4-5):267-73)",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea",789,0.0,"D002558","C10.597.114.500",0,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through the<br>external auditory meatus or through the eustachian tube into the<br>nasopharynx. This is usually associated with CRANIOCEREBRAL<br>TRAUMA (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE involving the TEMPORAL BONE;),<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES; or other conditions, but may rarely<br>occur spontaneously. (From Am J Otol 1995 Nov;16(6):765-71)",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak",4061,0.0,"D065634","C10.900.300.109",2,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through a hole<br>through the skull bone most commonly draining from the nose<br>(CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA) or the ear (CEREBROSPINAL FLUID<br>OTORRHEA).",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea",2383,0.0,"D002559","C10.597.114.750",0,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through the nose.<br>Common etiologies include trauma, neoplasms, and prior surgery,<br>although the condition may occur spontaneously. (Otolaryngol Head<br>Neck Surg 1997 Apr;116(4):442-9)",""],["Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease",4400,0.0,"D002607","C10.500.300.200",0,"Description: A hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy<br>transmitted most often as an autosomal dominant trait and<br>characterized by progressive distal wasting and loss of reflexes<br>in the muscles of the legs (and occasionally involving the arms).<br>Onset is usually in the second to fourth decade of life. This<br>condition has been divided into two subtypes, hereditary motor<br>and sensory neuropathy (HMSN) types I and II. HMSN I is<br>associated with abnormal nerve conduction velocities and nerve<br>hypertrophy, features not seen in HMSN II. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy",8134,0.0,"D015417","C10.574.500.495",5,"Description: A group of slowly progressive inherited disorders<br>affecting motor and sensory peripheral nerves. Subtypes include<br>HMSNs I-VII. HMSN I and II both refer to CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH<br>DISEASE. HMSN III refers to hypertrophic neuropathy of infancy.<br>HMSN IV refers to REFSUM DISEASE. HMSN V refers to a condition<br>marked by a hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated<br>with spastic paraplegia (see SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA, HEREDITARY).<br>HMSN VI refers to HMSN associated with an inherited optic atrophy<br>(OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY), and HMSN VII refers to HMSN<br>associated with retinitis pigmentosa. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Chorea",3959,0.0,"D002819","C10.597.350.250",0,"Description: Involuntary, forcible, rapid, jerky movements that<br>may be subtle or become confluent, markedly altering normal<br>patterns of movement. Hypotonia and pendular reflexes are often<br>associated. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent<br>episodes of chorea as a primary manifestation of disease are<br>referred to as CHOREATIC DISORDERS. Chorea is also a frequent<br>manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.",""],["Headache Disorders",42390,0.2,"D020773","C10.228.140.546",15,"Description: Various conditions with the symptom of HEADACHE.<br>Headache disorders are classified into major groups, such as<br>PRIMARY HEADACHE DISORDERS (based on characteristics of their<br>headache symptoms) and SECONDARY HEADACHE DISORDERS (based on<br>their etiologies). (International Classification of Headache<br>Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)",""],["Cockayne Syndrome",706,0.0,"D003057","C10.574.500.362",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by multiple system<br>abnormalities including DWARFISM; PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS;<br>PREMATURE AGING; and HEARING LOSS. It is caused by mutations of a<br>number of autosomal recessive genes encoding proteins that<br>involve transcriptional-coupled DNA REPAIR processes. Cockayne<br>syndrome is classified by the severity and age of onset. Type I<br>(classical; CSA) is early childhood onset in the second year of<br>life; type II (congenital; CSB) is early onset at birth with<br>severe symptoms; type III (xeroderma pigmentosum; XP) is late<br>childhood onset with mild symptoms.",""],["Seizures, Febrile",2851,0.0,"D003294","C10.597.742.571",0,"Description: Seizures that occur during a febrile episode. It is<br>a common condition, affecting 2-5% of children aged 3 months to<br>five years. An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance has been<br>identified in some families. The majority are simple febrile<br>seizures (generally defined as generalized onset, single seizures<br>with a duration of less than 30 minutes). Complex febrile<br>seizures are characterized by focal onset, duration greater than<br>30 minutes, and/or more than one seizure in a 24 hour period. The<br>likelihood of developing epilepsy (i.e., a nonfebrile seizure<br>disorder) following simple febrile seizures is low. Complex<br>febrile seizures are associated with a moderately increased<br>incidence of epilepsy. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p784)",""],["Cranial Nerve Neoplasms",5191,0.0,"D003390","C10.551.775.250",2,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from one<br>or more of the twelve cranial nerves.",""],["Hydrocephalus",20152,0.1,"D006849","C10.228.140.602",2,"Description: Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within<br>the cranium which may be associated with dilation of cerebral<br>ventricles, INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; HEADACHE; lethargy;<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; and ATAXIA.",""],["Hearing Disorders",94497,0.4,"D006311","C10.597.751.418",19,"Description: Conditions that impair the transmission of auditory<br>impulses and information from the level of the ear to the<br>temporal cortices, including the sensorineural pathways.",""],["Myositis",20596,0.1,"D009220","C10.668.491.562",5,"Description: Inflammation of a muscle or muscle tissue.",""],["Diabetic Neuropathies",13239,0.1,"D003929","C10.668.829.300",0,"Description: Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders<br>that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions<br>usually result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small<br>blood vessels that supply nerves (VASA NERVORUM). Relatively<br>common conditions which may be associated with diabetic<br>neuropathy include third nerve palsy (see OCULOMOTOR NERVE<br>DISEASES); MONONEUROPATHY; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic<br>amyotrophy; a painful POLYNEUROPATHY; autonomic neuropathy; and<br>thoracoabdominal neuropathy. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1325)",""],["Duane Retraction Syndrome",677,0.0,"D004370","C10.292.562.250",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by marked limitation of<br>abduction of the eye, variable limitation of adduction and<br>retraction of the globe, and narrowing of the palpebral fissure<br>on attempted adduction. The condition is caused by aberrant<br>innervation of the lateral rectus by fibers of the OCULOMOTOR<br>NERVE.",""],["Dysautonomia, Familial",943,0.0,"D004402","C10.177.575.300",0,"Description: An autosomal disorder of the peripheral and<br>autonomic nervous systems limited to individuals of Ashkenazic<br>Jewish descent. Clinical manifestations are present at birth and<br>include diminished lacrimation, defective thermoregulation,<br>orthostatic hypotension (HYPOTENSION, ORTHOSTATIC), fixed pupils,<br>excessive SWEATING, loss of pain and temperature sensation, and<br>absent reflexes. Pathologic features include reduced numbers of<br>small diameter peripheral nerve fibers and autonomic ganglion<br>neurons. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1348; Nat Genet 1993;4(2):160-4)",""],["Dysautonomia, Familial",943,0.0,"D004402","C10.500.250.309",0,"Description: An autosomal disorder of the peripheral and<br>autonomic nervous systems limited to individuals of Ashkenazic<br>Jewish descent. Clinical manifestations are present at birth and<br>include diminished lacrimation, defective thermoregulation,<br>orthostatic hypotension (HYPOTENSION, ORTHOSTATIC), fixed pupils,<br>excessive SWEATING, loss of pain and temperature sensation, and<br>absent reflexes. Pathologic features include reduced numbers of<br>small diameter peripheral nerve fibers and autonomic ganglion<br>neurons. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1348; Nat Genet 1993;4(2):160-4)",""],["Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies",1814,0.0,"D009477","C10.574.500.493",1,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>degeneration of dorsal root and autonomic ganglion cells, and<br>clinically by loss of sensation and autonomic dysfunction. There<br>are five subtypes. Type I features autosomal dominant inheritance<br>and distal sensory involvement. Type II is characterized by<br>autosomal inheritance and distal and proximal sensory loss. Type<br>III is DYSAUTONOMIA, FAMILIAL. Type IV features insensitivity to<br>pain, heat intolerance, and mental deficiency. Type V is<br>characterized by a selective loss of pain with intact light touch<br>and vibratory sensation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995,<br>Ch51, pp142-4)",""],["Dystonia",6444,0.0,"D004421","C10.597.350.300",0,"Description: An attitude or posture due to the co-contraction of<br>agonists and antagonist muscles in one region of the body. It<br>most often affects the large axial muscles of the trunk and limb<br>girdles. Conditions which feature persistent or recurrent<br>episodes of dystonia as a primary manifestation of disease are<br>referred to as DYSTONIC DISORDERS. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p77)",""],["Dystonic Disorders",4466,0.0,"D020821","C10.228.662.300",2,"Description: Acquired and inherited conditions that feature<br>DYSTONIA as a primary manifestation of disease. These disorders<br>are generally divided into generalized dystonias (e.g., dystonia<br>musculorum deformans) and focal dystonias (e.g., writer's cramp).<br>They are also classified by patterns of inheritance and by age of<br>onset.",""],["Dystonia Musculorum Deformans",740,0.0,"D004422","C10.574.500.393",0,"Description: A condition characterized by focal DYSTONIA that<br>progresses to involuntary spasmodic contractions of the muscles<br>of the legs, trunk, arms, and face. The hands are often spared,<br>however, sustained axial and limb contractions may lead to a<br>state where the body is grossly contorted. Onset is usually in<br>the first or second decade. Familial patterns of inheritance,<br>primarily autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance, have<br>been identified. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1078)",""],["Central Nervous System Viral Diseases",40352,0.2,"D020805","C10.228.228.245",22,"Description: Viral infections of the brain, spinal cord,<br>meninges, or perimeningeal spaces.",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated",2363,0.0,"D004673","C10.114.375.225",1,"Description: An acute or subacute inflammatory process of the<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM characterized histologically by multiple<br>foci of perivascular demyelination. Symptom onset usually occurs<br>several days after an acute viral infection or immunization, but<br>it may coincide with the onset of infection or rarely no<br>antecedent event can be identified. Clinical manifestations<br>include CONFUSION, somnolence, FEVER, nuchal rigidity, and<br>involuntary movements. The illness may progress to COMA and<br>eventually be fatal. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p921)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated",2363,0.0,"D004673","C10.314.350.225",1,"Description: An acute or subacute inflammatory process of the<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM characterized histologically by multiple<br>foci of perivascular demyelination. Symptom onset usually occurs<br>several days after an acute viral infection or immunization, but<br>it may coincide with the onset of infection or rarely no<br>antecedent event can be identified. Clinical manifestations<br>include CONFUSION, somnolence, FEVER, nuchal rigidity, and<br>involuntary movements. The illness may progress to COMA and<br>eventually be fatal. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p921)",""],["Encephalocele",3022,0.0,"D004677","C10.500.680.488",0,"Description: Brain tissue herniation through a congenital or<br>acquired defect in the skull. The majority of congenital<br>encephaloceles occur in the occipital or frontal regions.<br>Clinical features include a protuberant mass that may be<br>pulsatile. The quantity and location of protruding neural tissue<br>determines the type and degree of neurologic deficit. Visual<br>defects, psychomotor developmental delay, and persistent motor<br>deficits frequently occur.",""],["Encephalomalacia",2001,0.0,"D004678","C10.228.140.461",1,"Description: Softening or loss of brain tissue following CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION; cerebral ischemia (see BRAIN ISCHEMIA), infection,<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, or other injury. The term is often used<br>during gross pathologic inspection to describe blurred cortical<br>margins and decreased consistency of brain tissue following<br>infarction. Multicystic encephalomalacia refers to the formation<br>of multiple cystic cavities of various sizes in the cerebral<br>cortex of neonates and infants following injury, most notably<br>perinatal hypoxia-ischemic events. (From Davis et al., Textbook<br>of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p665; J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 1995<br>Mar;54(2):268-75)",""],["Encephalomyelitis",5728,0.0,"D004679","C10.228.228.291",4,"Description: A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN<br>and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infectious process,<br>but also applicable to a variety of autoimmune and toxic-<br>metabolic conditions. There is significant overlap regarding the<br>usage of this term and ENCEPHALITIS in the literature.",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental",10988,0.0,"D004681","C10.114.703.300",0,"Description: An experimental animal model for central nervous<br>system demyelinating disease. Inoculation with a white matter<br>emulsion combined with FREUND'S ADJUVANT, myelin basic protein,<br>or purified central myelin triggers a T cell-mediated immune<br>response directed towards central myelin. The pathologic features<br>are similar to MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, including perivascular and<br>periventricular foci of inflammation and demyelination. Subpial<br>demyelination underlying meningeal infiltrations also occurs,<br>which is also a feature of ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED.<br>Passive immunization with T-cells from an afflicted animal to a<br>normal animal also induces this condition. (From Immunol Res<br>1998;17(1-2):217-27; Raine CS, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd<br>ed, p604-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental",10988,0.0,"D004681","C10.314.350.250",0,"Description: An experimental animal model for central nervous<br>system demyelinating disease. Inoculation with a white matter<br>emulsion combined with FREUND'S ADJUVANT, myelin basic protein,<br>or purified central myelin triggers a T cell-mediated immune<br>response directed towards central myelin. The pathologic features<br>are similar to MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, including perivascular and<br>periventricular foci of inflammation and demyelination. Subpial<br>demyelination underlying meningeal infiltrations also occurs,<br>which is also a feature of ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED.<br>Passive immunization with T-cells from an afflicted animal to a<br>normal animal also induces this condition. (From Immunol Res<br>1998;17(1-2):217-27; Raine CS, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd<br>ed, p604-5)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Equine",1998,0.0,"D004683","C10.586.500.406",3,"Description: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses<br>and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in<br>this category are endemic to regions of South America and North<br>America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of<br>infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a<br>fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996,<br>Ch26, pp8-10)",""],["Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",377,0.0,"D004684","C10.114.375.362",0,"Description: A fulminant and often fatal demyelinating disease of<br>the brain which primarily affects young adults and children.<br>Clinical features include the rapid onset of weakness, SEIZURES,<br>and COMA. It may follow a viral illness or MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE<br>infections but in most instances there is no precipitating event.<br>Pathologic examination reveals marked perivascular demyelination<br>and necrosis of white matter with microhemorrhages. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp924-5)",""],["Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",377,0.0,"D004684","C10.314.350.375",0,"Description: A fulminant and often fatal demyelinating disease of<br>the brain which primarily affects young adults and children.<br>Clinical features include the rapid onset of weakness, SEIZURES,<br>and COMA. It may follow a viral illness or MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE<br>infections but in most instances there is no precipitating event.<br>Pathologic examination reveals marked perivascular demyelination<br>and necrosis of white matter with microhemorrhages. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp924-5)",""],["Strabismus",15441,0.1,"D013285","C10.292.562.887",2,"Description: Misalignment of the visual axes of the eyes. In<br>comitant strabismus the degree of ocular misalignment does not<br>vary with the direction of gaze. In noncomitant strabismus the<br>degree of misalignment varies depending on direction of gaze or<br>which eye is fixating on the target. (Miller, Walsh & Hoyt's<br>Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p641)",""],["Facial Injuries",43500,0.2,"D005151","C10.900.300.284",13,"Description: General or unspecified injuries to the soft tissue<br>or bony portions of the face.",""],["Facial Hemiatrophy",879,0.0,"D005150","C10.292.319.375",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by slowly progressive<br>unilateral atrophy of facial subcutaneous fat, muscle tissue,<br>skin, cartilage, and bone. The condition typically progresses<br>over a period of 2-10 years and then stabilizes.",""],["Facial Paralysis",10159,0.0,"D005158","C10.597.622.214",0,"Description: Severe or complete loss of facial muscle motor<br>function. This condition may result from central or peripheral<br>lesions. Damage to CNS motor pathways from the cerebral cortex to<br>the facial nuclei in the pons leads to facial weakness that<br>generally spares the forehead muscles. FACIAL NERVE DISEASES<br>generally results in generalized hemifacial weakness.<br>NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION DISEASES and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also<br>cause facial paralysis or paresis.",""],["Fasciculation",598,0.0,"D005207","C10.597.613.250",0,"Description: Involuntary contraction of the muscle fibers<br>innervated by a motor unit. Fasciculations may be visualized as a<br>muscle twitch or dimpling under the skin, but usually do not<br>generate sufficient force to move a limb. They may represent a<br>benign condition or occur as a manifestation of MOTOR NEURON<br>DISEASE or PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1294)",""],["Fibromyalgia",10131,0.0,"D005356","C10.668.491.425",0,"Description: A common nonarticular rheumatic syndrome<br>characterized by myalgia and multiple points of focal muscle<br>tenderness to palpation (trigger points). Muscle pain is<br>typically aggravated by inactivity or exposure to cold. This<br>condition is often associated with general symptoms, such as<br>sleep disturbances, fatigue, stiffness, HEADACHES, and<br>occasionally DEPRESSION. There is significant overlap between<br>fibromyalgia and the chronic fatigue syndrome (FATIGUE SYNDROME,<br>CHRONIC). Fibromyalgia may arise as a primary or secondary<br>disease process. It is most frequent in females aged 20 to 50<br>years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1494-95)",""],["Tic Disorders",6244,0.0,"D013981","C10.228.662.825",1,"Description: Disorders characterized by recurrent TICS that may<br>interfere with speech and other activities. Tics are sudden,<br>rapid, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movements or vocalizations<br>which may be exacerbated by stress and are generally attenuated<br>during absorbing activities. Tic disorders are distinguished from<br>conditions which feature other types of abnormal movements that<br>may accompany another another condition. (From DSM-IV, 1994)",""],["Tourette Syndrome",4764,0.0,"D005879","C10.574.500.850",0,"Description: A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations<br>in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission involving frontal-<br>subcortical neuronal circuits. Both multiple motor and one or<br>more vocal tics need to be present with TICS occurring many times<br>a day, nearly daily, over a period of more than one year. The<br>onset is before age 18 and the disturbance is not due to direct<br>physiological effects of a substance or another medical<br>condition. The disturbance causes marked distress or significant<br>impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of<br>functioning. (From DSM-IV, 1994; Neurol Clin 1997<br>May;15(2):357-79)",""],["Neuroaxonal Dystrophies",1371,0.0,"D019150","C10.228.140.744",1,"Description: A nonspecific term referring both to the pathologic<br>finding of swelling of distal portions of axons in the brain and<br>to disorders which feature this finding. Neuroaxonal dystrophy is<br>seen in various genetic diseases, vitamin deficiencies, and<br>aging. Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy is an autosomal recessive<br>disease characterized by arrested psychomotor development at 6<br>months to 2 years of age, ataxia, brain stem dysfunction, and<br>quadriparesis. Juvenile and adult forms also occur. Pathologic<br>findings include brain atrophy and widespread accumulation of<br>axonal spheroids throughout the neuroaxis, peripheral nerves, and<br>dental pulp. (From Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology,<br>2nd ed, p927)",""],["Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration",513,0.0,"D006211","C10.228.662.575",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive degenerative disorder<br>which usually presents in late childhood or adolescence. Clinical<br>manifestations include progressive MUSCLE SPASTICITY;<br>hyperreflexia; MUSCLE RIGIDITY; DYSTONIA; DYSARTHRIA; and<br>intellectual deterioration which progresses to severe dementia<br>over several years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p972; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd<br>ed, pp972-929)",""],["Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration",513,0.0,"D006211","C10.574.500.700",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive degenerative disorder<br>which usually presents in late childhood or adolescence. Clinical<br>manifestations include progressive MUSCLE SPASTICITY;<br>hyperreflexia; MUSCLE RIGIDITY; DYSTONIA; DYSARTHRIA; and<br>intellectual deterioration which progresses to severe dementia<br>over several years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p972; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd<br>ed, pp972-929)",""],["Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic",12205,0.1,"D020198","C10.900.300.837",9,"Description: Bleeding within the SKULL induced by penetrating and<br>nonpenetrating traumatic injuries, including hemorrhages into the<br>tissues of CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM; as well as into<br>the epidural, subdural and subarachnoid spaces of the MENINGES.",""],["Hemiplegia",7954,0.0,"D006429","C10.597.622.295",0,"Description: Severe or complete loss of motor function on one<br>side of the body. This condition is usually caused by BRAIN<br>DISEASES that are localized to the cerebral hemisphere opposite<br>to the side of weakness. Less frequently, BRAIN STEM lesions;<br>cervical SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM<br>DISEASES; and other conditions may manifest as hemiplegia. The<br>term hemiparesis (see PARESIS) refers to mild to moderate<br>weakness involving one side of the body.",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.0,"D006527","C10.228.662.400",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.0,"D006527","C10.574.500.487",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Hoarseness",1101,0.0,"D006685","C10.597.975.550",0,"Description: An unnaturally deep or rough quality of voice.",""],["Miosis",1896,0.0,"D015877","C10.597.690.362",1,"Description: Pupillary constriction. This may result from<br>congenital absence of the dilatator pupillary muscle, defective<br>sympathetic innervation, or irritation of the CONJUNCTIVA or<br>CORNEA.",""],["Huntington Disease",12805,0.1,"D006816","C10.574.500.497",0,"Description: A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal<br>dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive<br>CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common<br>initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control;<br>DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually<br>intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS;<br>and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops,<br>leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease<br>onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including<br>SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4)",""],["Somatosensory Disorders",14335,0.1,"D020886","C10.597.751.791",4,"Description: Disorders of sensory information received from<br>superficial and deep regions of the body. The somatosensory<br>system conveys neural impulses which pertain to proprioception,<br>tactile sensation, thermal sensation, pressure sensation, and<br>pain. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; SPINAL CORD DISEASES;<br>and BRAIN DISEASES may be associated with impaired or abnormal<br>somatic sensation.",""],["Hyperkinesis",2853,0.0,"D006948","C10.597.350.350",0,"Description: Excessive movement of muscles of the body as a<br>whole, which may be associated with organic or psychological<br>disorders.",""],["Orthostatic Intolerance",7860,0.0,"D054971","C10.177.575.600",4,"Description: Symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion or autonomic<br>overaction which develop while the subject is standing, but are<br>relieved on recumbency. Types of this include NEUROCARDIOGENIC<br>SYNCOPE; POSTURAL ORTHOSTATIC TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME; and<br>neurogenic ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION. (From Noseworthy, JH.,<br>Neurological Therapeutics Principles and Practice, 2007,<br>p2575-2576)",""],["Prion Diseases",17484,0.1,"D017096","C10.228.228.800",7,"Description: A group of genetic, infectious, or sporadic<br>degenerative human and animal nervous system disorders associated<br>with abnormal PRIONS. These diseases are characterized by<br>conversion of the normal prion protein to an abnormal<br>configuration via a post-translational process. In humans, these<br>conditions generally feature DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and a fatal<br>outcome. Pathologic features include a spongiform encephalopathy<br>without evidence of inflammation. The older literature<br>occasionally refers to these as unconventional SLOW VIRUS<br>DISEASES. (From Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998 Nov<br>10;95(23):13363-83)",""],["Ophthalmoplegia",10280,0.0,"D009886","C10.292.562.750",4,"Description: Paralysis of one or more of the ocular muscles due<br>to disorders of the eye muscles, neuromuscular junction,<br>supporting soft tissue, tendons, or innervation to the muscles.",""],["Ophthalmoplegia",10280,0.0,"D009886","C10.597.622.447",4,"Description: Paralysis of one or more of the ocular muscles due<br>to disorders of the eye muscles, neuromuscular junction,<br>supporting soft tissue, tendons, or innervation to the muscles.",""],["Mitochondrial Myopathies",5542,0.0,"D017240","C10.668.491.500",5,"Description: A group of muscle diseases associated with abnormal<br>mitochondria function.",""],["Kuru",421,0.0,"D007729","C10.574.843.625",0,"Description: A prion disease found exclusively among the Fore<br>linguistic group natives of the highlands of NEW GUINEA. The<br>illness is primarily restricted to adult females and children of<br>both sexes. It is marked by the subacute onset of tremor and<br>ataxia followed by motor weakness and incontinence. Death occurs<br>within 3-6 months of disease onset. The condition is associated<br>with ritual cannibalism, and has become rare since this practice<br>has been discontinued. Pathologic features include a<br>noninflammatory loss of neurons that is most prominent in the<br>cerebellum, glial proliferation, and amyloid plaques. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p773)",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C10.314.400.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C10.314.400.550",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Meningitis, Viral",3893,0.0,"D008587","C10.586.625.400",1,"Description: Viral infections of the leptomeninges and<br>subarachnoid space. TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; RUBELLA; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORBIVIRUS<br>infections; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE<br>INFECTIONS; RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS;<br>HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; JC VIRUS<br>infections; and RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS may cause this form of<br>meningitis. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, neck<br>pain, vomiting, PHOTOPHOBIA, and signs of meningeal irritation.<br>(From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)",""],["Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome",901,0.0,"D008556","C10.292.319.800",0,"Description: An idiopathic syndrome characterized by one or more<br>of the following; recurrent orofacial swelling, relapsing facial<br>paralysis, and fissured tongue (lingua plicata). The onset is<br>usually in childhood and relapses are common. Cheilitis<br>granulomatosa is a monosymptomatic variant of this condition.<br>(Dermatol Clin 1996 Apr;14(2):371-9; Magalini & Magalini,<br>Dictionary of Medical Syndromes, 4th ed, p531)",""],["Meningeal Neoplasms",35393,0.1,"D008577","C10.551.240.500",2,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise<br>from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain<br>and spinal cord.",""],["Meningitis, Aseptic",1978,0.0,"D008582","C10.586.625.220",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by headache, neck<br>stiffness, low grade fever, and CSF lymphocytic pleocytosis in<br>the absence of an acute bacterial pathogen. Viral meningitis is<br>the most frequent cause although MYCOPLASMA INFECTIONS;<br>RICKETTSIA INFECTIONS; diagnostic or therapeutic procedures;<br>NEOPLASTIC PROCESSES; septic perimeningeal foci; and other<br>conditions may result in this syndrome. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p745)",""],["Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections",37849,0.2,"D020806","C10.228.228.180",14,"Description: Bacterial infections of the brain, spinal cord, and<br>meninges, including infections involving the perimeningeal<br>spaces.",""],["Meningitis, Bacterial",24539,0.1,"D016920","C10.586.625.280",7,"Description: Bacterial infections of the leptomeninges and<br>subarachnoid space, frequently involving the cerebral cortex,<br>cranial nerves, cerebral blood vessels, spinal cord, and nerve<br>roots.",""],["Meningocele",2294,0.0,"D008588","C10.500.680.598",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired protrusion of the meninges,<br>unaccompanied by neural tissue, through a bony defect in the<br>skull or vertebral column.",""],["Meningoencephalitis",6437,0.0,"D008590","C10.228.228.570",1,"Description: An inflammatory process involving the brain<br>(ENCEPHALITIS) and meninges (MENINGITIS), most often produced by<br>pathogenic organisms which invade the central nervous system, and<br>occasionally by toxins, autoimmune disorders, and other<br>conditions.",""],["Meningoencephalitis",6437,0.0,"D008590","C10.586.250.550",1,"Description: An inflammatory process involving the brain<br>(ENCEPHALITIS) and meninges (MENINGITIS), most often produced by<br>pathogenic organisms which invade the central nervous system, and<br>occasionally by toxins, autoimmune disorders, and other<br>conditions.",""],["Meningoencephalitis",6437,0.0,"D008590","C10.586.625.500",1,"Description: An inflammatory process involving the brain<br>(ENCEPHALITIS) and meninges (MENINGITIS), most often produced by<br>pathogenic organisms which invade the central nervous system, and<br>occasionally by toxins, autoimmune disorders, and other<br>conditions.",""],["Meningomyelocele",3758,0.0,"D008591","C10.500.680.610",0,"Description: Congenital, or rarely acquired, herniation of<br>meningeal and spinal cord tissue through a bony defect in the<br>vertebral column. The majority of these defects occur in the<br>lumbosacral region. Clinical features include PARAPLEGIA, loss of<br>sensation in the lower body, and incontinence. This condition may<br>be associated with the ARNOLD-CHIARI MALFORMATION and<br>HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55,<br>pp35-6)",""],["Malformations of Cortical Development, Group I",10841,0.0,"D065703","C10.500.507.400",4,"Description: Cortical malformations secondary to abnormal<br>neuronal and glial CELL PROLIFERATION or APOPTOSIS in<br>NEUROGENESIS. This group includes congenital MICROCEPHALIES;<br>MICROLISSENCEPHALIES, megalencephalies, HEMIMEGALENCEPHALIES and<br>cortical dysplasias with balloon cells.",""],["Multiple Sclerosis",70421,0.3,"D009103","C10.114.375.500",2,"Description: An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults<br>and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous<br>system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated<br>areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central<br>nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss,<br>extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation,<br>weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder<br>dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks<br>followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-<br>REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms<br>(see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)",""],["Multiple Sclerosis",70421,0.3,"D009103","C10.314.350.500",2,"Description: An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults<br>and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous<br>system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated<br>areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central<br>nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss,<br>extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation,<br>weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder<br>dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks<br>followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-<br>REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms<br>(see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)",""],["Muscle Cramp",1481,0.0,"D009120","C10.597.613.500",0,"Description: A sustained and usually painful contraction of<br>muscle fibers. This may occur as an isolated phenomenon or as a<br>manifestation of an underlying disease process (e.g., UREMIA;<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; etc.). (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1398)",""],["Muscle Hypertonia",9021,0.0,"D009122","C10.597.613.550",2,"Description: Abnormal increase in skeletal or smooth muscle tone.<br>Skeletal muscle hypertonicity may be associated with PYRAMIDAL<br>TRACT lesions or BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.",""],["Muscle Hypotonia",1937,0.0,"D009123","C10.597.613.575",0,"Description: A diminution of the skeletal muscle tone marked by a<br>diminished resistance to passive stretching.",""],["Muscular Atrophy",16114,0.1,"D009133","C10.597.613.612",1,"Description: Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers<br>occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following<br>immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and<br>particularly in denervation.",""],["Muscular Atrophy, Spinal",6466,0.0,"D009134","C10.228.854.468",2,"Description: A group of disorders marked by progressive<br>degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord resulting in<br>weakness and muscular atrophy, usually without evidence of injury<br>to the corticospinal tracts. Diseases in this category include<br>Werdnig-Hoffmann disease and later onset SPINAL MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHIES OF CHILDHOOD, most of which are hereditary. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1089)",""],["Muscular Atrophy, Spinal",6466,0.0,"D009134","C10.574.562.500",2,"Description: A group of disorders marked by progressive<br>degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord resulting in<br>weakness and muscular atrophy, usually without evidence of injury<br>to the corticospinal tracts. Diseases in this category include<br>Werdnig-Hoffmann disease and later onset SPINAL MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHIES OF CHILDHOOD, most of which are hereditary. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1089)",""],["Muscular Atrophy, Spinal",6466,0.0,"D009134","C10.668.467.500",2,"Description: A group of disorders marked by progressive<br>degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord resulting in<br>weakness and muscular atrophy, usually without evidence of injury<br>to the corticospinal tracts. Diseases in this category include<br>Werdnig-Hoffmann disease and later onset SPINAL MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHIES OF CHILDHOOD, most of which are hereditary. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1089)",""],["Myasthenia Gravis",15672,0.1,"D009157","C10.574.781.588",1,"Description: A disorder of neuromuscular transmission<br>characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal<br>muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or<br>muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies.<br>Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness<br>(fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia;<br>ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable<br>weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb<br>muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles<br>(ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this<br>condition.",""],["Myasthenia Gravis",16077,0.1,"D009157","C10.668.758.725",3,"Description: A disorder of neuromuscular transmission<br>characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal<br>muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or<br>muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies.<br>Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness<br>(fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia;<br>ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable<br>weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb<br>muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles<br>(ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this<br>condition.",""],["Myelitis",26388,0.1,"D009187","C10.228.228.618",5,"Description: Inflammation of the spinal cord. Relatively common<br>etiologies include infections; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES; SPINAL CORD;<br>and ischemia (see also SPINAL CORD VASCULAR DISEASES). Clinical<br>features generally include weakness, sensory loss, localized<br>pain, incontinence, and other signs of autonomic dysfunction.",""],["Myelitis",26388,0.1,"D009187","C10.228.854.525",5,"Description: Inflammation of the spinal cord. Relatively common<br>etiologies include infections; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES; SPINAL CORD;<br>and ischemia (see also SPINAL CORD VASCULAR DISEASES). Clinical<br>features generally include weakness, sensory loss, localized<br>pain, incontinence, and other signs of autonomic dysfunction.",""],["Myelitis, Transverse",5990,0.0,"D009188","C10.114.375.600",1,"Description: Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal<br>cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental demyelination<br>or necrosis. The condition may occur sporadically, follow an<br>infection or vaccination, or present as a paraneoplastic syndrome<br>(see also ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED). Clinical<br>manifestations include motor weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1242-6)",""],["Myelitis, Transverse",5990,0.0,"D009188","C10.314.350.600",1,"Description: Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal<br>cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental demyelination<br>or necrosis. The condition may occur sporadically, follow an<br>infection or vaccination, or present as a paraneoplastic syndrome<br>(see also ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED). Clinical<br>manifestations include motor weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1242-6)",""],["Myelitis, Transverse",1573,0.0,"D009188","C10.574.781.625",0,"Description: Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal<br>cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental demyelination<br>or necrosis. The condition may occur sporadically, follow an<br>infection or vaccination, or present as a paraneoplastic syndrome<br>(see also ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED). Clinical<br>manifestations include motor weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1242-6)",""],["Myelitis, Transverse",1573,0.0,"D009188","C10.586.750.553",0,"Description: Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal<br>cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental demyelination<br>or necrosis. The condition may occur sporadically, follow an<br>infection or vaccination, or present as a paraneoplastic syndrome<br>(see also ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED). Clinical<br>manifestations include motor weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1242-6)",""],["Myoclonus",4774,0.0,"D009207","C10.597.350.500",1,"Description: Involuntary shock-like contractions, irregular in<br>rhythm and amplitude, followed by relaxation, of a muscle or a<br>group of muscles. This condition may be a feature of some CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; (e.g., EPILEPSY, MYOCLONIC). Nocturnal<br>myoclonus is the principal feature of the NOCTURNAL MYOCLONUS<br>SYNDROME. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp102-3).",""],["Myotonia",1010,0.0,"D009222","C10.597.613.700",0,"Description: Prolonged failure of muscle relaxation after<br>contraction. This may occur after voluntary contractions, muscle<br>percussion, or electrical stimulation of the muscle. Myotonia is<br>a characteristic feature of MYOTONIC DISORDERS.",""],["Myotonic Dystrophy",5442,0.0,"D009223","C10.574.500.547",0,"Description: Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE<br>MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies.<br>Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal<br>TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of<br>DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA<br>REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is<br>associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2.",""],["Myotonic Disorders",6673,0.0,"D020967","C10.668.491.606",2,"Description: Diseases characterized by MYOTONIA, which may be<br>inherited or acquired. Myotonia may be restricted to certain<br>muscles (e.g., intrinsic hand muscles) or occur as a generalized<br>condition.",""],["Myotonia Congenita",912,0.0,"D009224","C10.574.500.545",0,"Description: Inherited myotonic disorders with early childhood<br>onset MYOTONIA. Muscular hypertrophy is common and myotonia may<br>impair ambulation and other movements. It is classified as<br>Thomsen (autosomal dominant) or Becker (autosomal recessive)<br>generalized myotonia mainly based on the inheritance pattern.<br>Becker type is also clinically more severe. An autosomal dominant<br>variant with milder symptoms and later onset is known as myotonia<br>levior. Mutations in the voltage-dependent skeletal muscle<br>chloride channel are associated with the disorders.",""],["Neuritis",6064,0.0,"D009443","C10.668.829.650",2,"Description: A general term indicating inflammation of a<br>peripheral or cranial nerve. Clinical manifestation may include<br>PAIN; PARESTHESIAS; PARESIS; or HYPESTHESIA.",""],["Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental",608,0.0,"D009444","C10.114.703.700",0,"Description: An experimental animal model for the demyelinating<br>disease of GUILLAINE-BARRE SYNDROME. In the most frequently used<br>protocol, animals are injected with a peripheral nerve tissue<br>protein homogenate. After approximately 2 weeks the animals<br>develop a neuropathy secondary to a T cell-mediated autoimmune<br>response directed towards the MYELIN P2 PROTEIN in peripheral<br>nerves. Pathologic findings include a perivascular accumulation<br>of macrophages and T lymphocytes in the peripheral nervous<br>system, similar to that seen in the Guillaine-Barre syndrome.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1314; J<br>Neuroimmunol 1998 Apr 1;84(1):40-52)",""],["Nerve Sheath Neoplasms",6268,0.0,"D018317","C10.551.775.500",3,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from nerve sheaths formed by<br>SCHWANN CELLS in the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM or by<br>OLIGODENDROCYTES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Malignant<br>peripheral nerve sheath tumors, NEUROFIBROMA, and NEURILEMMOMA<br>are relatively common tumors in this category.",""],["Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms",10530,0.0,"D010524","C10.668.829.725",4,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from peripheral nerve tissue.<br>This includes NEUROFIBROMAS; SCHWANNOMAS; GRANULAR CELL TUMORS;<br>and malignant peripheral NERVE SHEATH NEOPLASMS. (From DeVita Jr<br>et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed,<br>pp1750-1)",""],["Neurofibromatosis 1",9737,0.0,"D009456","C10.562.600.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a<br>high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features<br>developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and<br>skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL<br>CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous<br>tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central<br>nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE<br>GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which<br>inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on<br>chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also<br>elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical<br>features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene<br>products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras<br>(RAS PROTEINS).",""],["Neurofibromatoses",12989,0.1,"D017253","C10.574.500.549",2,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by an autosomal<br>dominant pattern of inheritance with high rates of spontaneous<br>mutation and multiple neurofibromas or neurilemmomas.<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 (generalized neurofibromatosis) accounts for<br>approximately 95% of cases, although multiple additional subtypes<br>(e.g., NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2, neurofibromatosis 3, etc.) have been<br>described. (From Neurochirurgie 1998 Nov;44(4):267-72)",""],["Neurofibromatosis 1",9737,0.0,"D009456","C10.668.829.675",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a<br>high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features<br>developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and<br>skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL<br>CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous<br>tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central<br>nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE<br>GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which<br>inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on<br>chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also<br>elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical<br>features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene<br>products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras<br>(RAS PROTEINS).",""],["Neuroma, Acoustic",8519,0.0,"D009464","C10.292.225.750",1,"Description: A benign SCHWANNOMA of the eighth cranial nerve<br>(VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE), mostly arising from the vestibular<br>branch (VESTIBULAR NERVE) during the fifth or sixth decade of<br>life. Clinical manifestations include HEARING LOSS; HEADACHE;<br>VERTIGO; TINNITUS; and FACIAL PAIN. Bilateral acoustic neuromas<br>are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p673)",""],["Neuroma, Acoustic",8519,0.0,"D009464","C10.292.910.600",1,"Description: A benign SCHWANNOMA of the eighth cranial nerve<br>(VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE), mostly arising from the vestibular<br>branch (VESTIBULAR NERVE) during the fifth or sixth decade of<br>life. Clinical manifestations include HEARING LOSS; HEADACHE;<br>VERTIGO; TINNITUS; and FACIAL PAIN. Bilateral acoustic neuromas<br>are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p673)",""],["Neuromyelitis Optica",4417,0.0,"D009471","C10.114.375.800",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS;<br>MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in<br>the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific<br>autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4.",""],["Optic Neuritis",9795,0.0,"D009902","C10.292.700.550",1,"Description: Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated<br>conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE<br>SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical<br>features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye<br>movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may<br>progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect<br>(Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia<br>and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve<br>within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or<br>the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior<br>optic neuritis).",""],["Neuromyelitis Optica",4417,0.0,"D009471","C10.314.350.800",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS;<br>MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in<br>the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific<br>autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4.",""],["Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses",2379,0.0,"D009472","C10.574.500.550",0,"Description: A group of severe neurodegenerative diseases<br>characterized by intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent<br>wax-like lipid materials (CEROID; LIPOFUSCIN) in neurons. There<br>are several subtypes based on mutations of the various genes,<br>time of disease onset, and severity of the neurological defects<br>such as progressive DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; and visual failure.",""],["Nystagmus, Pathologic",6433,0.0,"D009759","C10.292.562.675",1,"Description: Involuntary movements of the eye that are divided<br>into two types, jerk and pendular. Jerk nystagmus has a slow<br>phase in one direction followed by a corrective fast phase in the<br>opposite direction, and is usually caused by central or<br>peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Pendular nystagmus features<br>oscillations that are of equal velocity in both directions and<br>this condition is often associated with visual loss early in<br>life. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p272)",""],["Multiple System Atrophy",3891,0.0,"D019578","C10.177.575.550",3,"Description: A syndrome complex composed of three conditions<br>which represent clinical variants of the same disease process:<br>STRIATONIGRAL DEGENERATION; SHY-DRAGER SYNDROME; and the sporadic<br>form of OLIVOPONTOCEREBELLAR ATROPHIES. Clinical features include<br>autonomic, cerebellar, and basal ganglia dysfunction. Pathologic<br>examination reveals atrophy of the basal ganglia, cerebellum,<br>pons, and medulla, with prominent loss of autonomic neurons in<br>the brain stem and spinal cord. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1076; Baillieres Clin Neurol 1997<br>Apr;6(1):187-204; Med Clin North Am 1999 Mar;83(2):381-92)",""],["Multiple System Atrophy",3891,0.0,"D019578","C10.228.662.550",3,"Description: A syndrome complex composed of three conditions<br>which represent clinical variants of the same disease process:<br>STRIATONIGRAL DEGENERATION; SHY-DRAGER SYNDROME; and the sporadic<br>form of OLIVOPONTOCEREBELLAR ATROPHIES. Clinical features include<br>autonomic, cerebellar, and basal ganglia dysfunction. Pathologic<br>examination reveals atrophy of the basal ganglia, cerebellum,<br>pons, and medulla, with prominent loss of autonomic neurons in<br>the brain stem and spinal cord. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1076; Baillieres Clin Neurol 1997<br>Apr;6(1):187-204; Med Clin North Am 1999 Mar;83(2):381-92)",""],["Optic Atrophy",5172,0.0,"D009896","C10.292.700.225",4,"Description: Atrophy of the optic disk which may be congenital or<br>acquired. This condition indicates a deficiency in the number of<br>nerve fibers which arise in the RETINA and converge to form the<br>OPTIC DISK; OPTIC NERVE; OPTIC CHIASM; and optic tracts.<br>GLAUCOMA; ISCHEMIA; inflammation, a chronic elevation of<br>intracranial pressure, toxins, optic nerve compression, and<br>inherited conditions (see OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY) are<br>relatively common causes of this condition.",""],["Papilledema",2942,0.0,"D010211","C10.292.700.900",0,"Description: Swelling of the OPTIC DISK, usually in association<br>with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia,<br>blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot<br>enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins. Chronic<br>papilledema may cause OPTIC ATROPHY and visual loss. (Miller et<br>al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p175)",""],["Bulbar Palsy, Progressive",592,0.0,"D010244","C10.574.562.300",0,"Description: A motor neuron disease marked by progressive<br>weakness of the muscles innervated by cranial nerves of the lower<br>brain stem. Clinical manifestations include dysarthria,<br>dysphagia, facial weakness, tongue weakness, and fasciculations<br>of the tongue and facial muscles. The adult form of the disease<br>is marked initially by bulbar weakness which progresses to<br>involve motor neurons throughout the neuroaxis. Eventually this<br>condition may become indistinguishable from AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL<br>SCLEROSIS. Fazio-Londe syndrome is an inherited form of this<br>illness which occurs in children and young adults. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1091; Brain 1992 Dec;115(Pt<br>6):1889-1900)",""],["Bulbar Palsy, Progressive",592,0.0,"D010244","C10.668.467.300",0,"Description: A motor neuron disease marked by progressive<br>weakness of the muscles innervated by cranial nerves of the lower<br>brain stem. Clinical manifestations include dysarthria,<br>dysphagia, facial weakness, tongue weakness, and fasciculations<br>of the tongue and facial muscles. The adult form of the disease<br>is marked initially by bulbar weakness which progresses to<br>involve motor neurons throughout the neuroaxis. Eventually this<br>condition may become indistinguishable from AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL<br>SCLEROSIS. Fazio-Londe syndrome is an inherited form of this<br>illness which occurs in children and young adults. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1091; Brain 1992 Dec;115(Pt<br>6):1889-1900)",""],["Paralyses, Familial Periodic",1634,0.0,"D010245","C10.668.491.650",2,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited disorders<br>characterized by recurring attacks of rapidly progressive flaccid<br>paralysis or myotonia. These conditions have in common a mutation<br>of the gene encoding the alpha subunit of the sodium channel in<br>skeletal muscle. They are frequently associated with fluctuations<br>in serum potassium levels. Periodic paralysis may also occur as a<br>non-familial process secondary to THYROTOXICOSIS and other<br>conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1481)",""],["Paraplegia",9026,0.0,"D010264","C10.597.622.669",1,"Description: Severe or complete loss of motor function in the<br>lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition<br>is most often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, although<br>BRAIN DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR<br>DISEASES; and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause bilateral leg<br>weakness.",""],["Parkinsonian Disorders",94101,0.4,"D020734","C10.228.662.600",5,"Description: A group of disorders which feature impaired motor<br>control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR;<br>and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally<br>divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE),<br>secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and<br>inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction<br>of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal<br>pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA.",""],["Parkinson Disease",75652,0.3,"D010300","C10.574.928.750",0,"Description: A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease<br>characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion<br>(i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture,<br>slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial<br>expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin<br>containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented<br>nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the<br>substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a<br>related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by<br>dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)",""],["Poliomyelitis",20433,0.1,"D011051","C10.586.750.850",2,"Description: An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly<br>children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus<br>(POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the<br>gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often<br>asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal<br>cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis,<br>coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are<br>primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus<br>replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant<br>neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related<br>condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from<br>infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)",""],["Poliomyelitis, Bulbar",880,0.0,"D011052","C10.668.864.250",0,"Description: A form of paralytic poliomyelitis affecting neurons<br>of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the brain stem. Clinical features<br>include impaired respiration, HYPERTENSION, alterations of<br>vasomotor control, and dysphagia. Weakness and atrophy of the<br>limbs and trunk due to spinal cord involvement is usually<br>associated. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p765)",""],["Intracranial Hypertension",10454,0.0,"D019586","C10.228.140.631",3,"Description: Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This<br>may result from several conditions, including HYDROCEPHALUS;<br>BRAIN EDEMA; intracranial masses; severe systemic HYPERTENSION;<br>PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; and other disorders.",""],["Psychomotor Agitation",3751,0.0,"D011595","C10.597.350.600",0,"Description: A feeling of restlessness associated with increased<br>motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous<br>system drug toxicity or other conditions.",""],["Radiculopathy",4659,0.0,"D011843","C10.668.829.820",0,"Description: Disease involving a spinal nerve root (see SPINAL<br>NERVE ROOTS) which may result from compression related to<br>INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; SPINAL<br>DISEASES; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include<br>radicular pain, weakness, and sensory loss referable to<br>structures innervated by the involved nerve root.",""],["Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy",3495,0.0,"D012019","C10.177.195.800",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by severe burning pain in<br>an extremity accompanied by sudomotor, vasomotor, and trophic<br>changes in bone without an associated specific nerve injury. This<br>condition is most often precipitated by trauma to soft tissue or<br>nerve complexes. The skin over the affected region is usually<br>erythematous and demonstrates hypersensitivity to tactile stimuli<br>and erythema. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1360; Pain 1995 Oct;63(1):127-33)",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C10.500.300.780",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Respiratory Paralysis",1652,0.0,"D012133","C10.597.622.812",0,"Description: Complete or severe weakness of the muscles of<br>respiration. This condition may be associated with MOTOR NEURON<br>DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION<br>DISEASES; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; injury to the PHRENIC NERVE; and<br>other disorders.",""],["Restless Legs Syndrome",4404,0.0,"D012148","C10.886.659.634",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by aching or burning<br>sensations in the lower and rarely the upper extremities that<br>occur prior to sleep or may awaken the patient from sleep.",""],["Scrapie",2853,0.0,"D012608","C10.574.843.850",0,"Description: A fatal disease of the nervous system in sheep and<br>goats, characterized by pruritus, debility, and locomotor<br>incoordination. It is caused by proteinaceous infectious<br>particles called PRIONS.",""],["Skull Fractures",8134,0.0,"D012887","C10.900.300.918",2,"Description: Fractures of the skull which may result from<br>penetrating or nonpenetrating head injuries or rarely BONE<br>DISEASES (see also FRACTURES, SPONTANEOUS). Skull fractures may<br>be classified by location (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, BASILAR),<br>radiographic appearance (e.g., linear), or based upon cranial<br>integrity (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, DEPRESSED).",""],["Sleep Deprivation",7962,0.0,"D012892","C10.886.425.175",0,"Description: The state of being deprived of sleep under<br>experimental conditions, due to life events, or from a wide<br>variety of pathophysiologic causes such as medication effect,<br>chronic illness, psychiatric illness, or sleep disorder.",""],["Sleep Arousal Disorders",783,0.0,"D020921","C10.886.659.635",2,"Description: Sleep disorders characterized by impaired arousal<br>from the deeper stages of sleep (generally stage III or IV<br>sleep).",""],["Spasm",6607,0.0,"D013035","C10.597.613.750",2,"Description: An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of<br>muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE.",""],["Spinal Cord Compression",8638,0.0,"D013117","C10.228.854.761",0,"Description: Acute and chronic conditions characterized by<br>external mechanical compression of the SPINAL CORD due to<br>extramedullary neoplasm; EPIDURAL ABSCESS; SPINAL FRACTURES; bony<br>deformities of the vertebral bodies; and other conditions.<br>Clinical manifestations vary with the anatomic site of the lesion<br>and may include localized pain, weakness, sensory loss,<br>incontinence, and impotence.",""],["Spinal Cord Injuries",41562,0.2,"D013119","C10.228.854.763",1,"Description: Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the<br>spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g.,<br>WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).",""],["Spinal Cord Neoplasms",10916,0.0,"D013120","C10.228.854.765",1,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within<br>the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in<br>the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural<br>extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal<br>tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA;<br>EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often<br>associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types<br>of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and<br>NEUROFIBROMA.",""],["Spinal Cord Neoplasms",10916,0.0,"D013120","C10.551.240.750",1,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within<br>the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in<br>the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural<br>extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal<br>tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA;<br>EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often<br>associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types<br>of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and<br>NEUROFIBROMA.",""],["Status Epilepticus",9095,0.0,"D013226","C10.597.742.785",1,"Description: A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently<br>enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a<br>period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized<br>tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition<br>associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic<br>dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and<br>complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral<br>disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of<br>persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not<br>impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA).<br>Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures<br>occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the<br>absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med<br>1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30)",""],["Subdural Effusion",831,0.0,"D013353","C10.228.140.870",0,"Description: Leakage and accumulation of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID in<br>the subdural space which may be associated with an infectious<br>process; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPOTENSION; and other conditions.",""],["Perimeningeal Infections",3007,0.0,"D020819","C10.228.228.709",3,"Description: Infectious processes, including abscesses,<br>effusions, and empyemas which occur in the epidural or subdural<br>spaces surrounding the brain and spinal cord.",""],["Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive",2584,0.0,"D013494","C10.228.662.700",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the central nervous system<br>characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS<br>(supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing<br>difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth<br>decade and disease progression occurs over several years.<br>Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and<br>neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS;<br>RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)",""],["Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive",2584,0.0,"D013494","C10.574.945.500",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the central nervous system<br>characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS<br>(supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing<br>difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth<br>decade and disease progression occurs over several years.<br>Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and<br>neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS;<br>RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)",""],["Syringomyelia",3843,0.0,"D013595","C10.228.854.833",0,"Description: Longitudinal cavities in the spinal cord, most often<br>in the cervical region, which may extend for multiple spinal<br>levels. The cavities are lined by dense, gliogenous tissue and<br>may be associated with SPINAL CORD NEOPLASMS; spinal cord<br>traumatic injuries; and vascular malformations. Syringomyelia is<br>marked clinically by pain and PARESTHESIA, muscular atrophy of<br>the hands, and analgesia with thermoanesthesia of the hands and<br>arms, but with the tactile sense preserved (sensory<br>dissociation). Lower extremity spasticity and incontinence may<br>also develop. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1269)",""],["Tabes Dorsalis",544,0.0,"D013606","C10.228.854.889",0,"Description: Parenchymatous NEUROSYPHILIS marked by slowly<br>progressive degeneration of the posterior columns, posterior<br>roots, and ganglia of the spinal cord. The condition tends to<br>present 15 to 20 years after the initial infection and is<br>characterized by lightening-like pains in the lower extremities,<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; ATAXIA; severely impaired position and<br>vibratory sense, abnormal gait (see GAIT DISORDERS, NEUROLOGIC),<br>OPTIC ATROPHY; Argyll-Robertson pupils, hypotonia, hyperreflexia,<br>and trophic joint degeneration (Charcot's Joint; see ARTHROPATHY,<br>NEUROGENIC). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p726)",""],["Giant Cell Arteritis",7230,0.0,"D013700","C10.114.875.700",0,"Description: A systemic autoimmune disorder that typically<br>affects medium and large ARTERIES, usually leading to occlusive<br>granulomatous vasculitis with transmural infiltrate containing<br>multinucleated GIANT CELLS. The TEMPORAL ARTERY is commonly<br>involved. This disorder appears primarily in people over the age<br>of 50. Symptoms include FEVER; FATIGUE; HEADACHE; visual<br>impairment; pain in the jaw and tongue; and aggravation of pain<br>by cold temperatures. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed)",""],["Tetany",1872,0.0,"D013746","C10.597.613.875",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by muscle twitches, cramps,<br>and carpopedal spasm, and when severe, laryngospasm and seizures.<br>This condition is associated with unstable depolarization of<br>axonal membranes, primarily in the peripheral nervous system.<br>Tetany usually results from HYPOCALCEMIA or reduced serum levels<br>of MAGNESIUM that may be associated with HYPERVENTILATION;<br>HYPOPARATHYROIDISM; RICKETS; UREMIA; or other conditions. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1490)",""],["Thalamic Diseases",1070,0.0,"D013786","C10.228.140.915",0,"Description: Disorders of the centrally located thalamus, which<br>integrates a wide range of cortical and subcortical information.<br>Manifestations include sensory loss, MOVEMENT DISORDERS; ATAXIA,<br>pain syndromes, visual disorders, a variety of neuropsychological<br>conditions, and COMA. Relatively common etiologies include<br>CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN<br>NEOPLASMS; BRAIN HYPOXIA; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; and<br>infectious processes.",""],["Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections",9002,0.0,"D020807","C10.228.228.205",7,"Description: Infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges<br>caused by parasites.",""],["Tremor",6974,0.0,"D014202","C10.597.350.850",0,"Description: Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent<br>either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease.<br>Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of CEREBELLAR<br>DISEASES, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor<br>is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and<br>occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of PARKINSON<br>DISEASE.",""],["Tuberous Sclerosis",6221,0.0,"D014402","C10.574.500.865",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome<br>classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and<br>skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules).<br>There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic<br>manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and<br>HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart,<br>kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that<br>encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with<br>the disease.",""],["Vocal Cord Paralysis",5719,0.0,"D014826","C10.292.887.800",0,"Description: Congenital or acquired paralysis of one or both<br>VOCAL CORDS. This condition is caused by defects in the CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM, the VAGUS NERVE and branches of LARYNGEAL NERVES.<br>Common symptoms are VOICE DISORDERS including HOARSENESS or<br>APHONIA.",""],["Vocal Cord Paralysis",5719,0.0,"D014826","C10.597.622.943",0,"Description: Congenital or acquired paralysis of one or both<br>VOCAL CORDS. This condition is caused by defects in the CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM, the VAGUS NERVE and branches of LARYNGEAL NERVES.<br>Common symptoms are VOICE DISORDERS including HOARSENESS or<br>APHONIA.",""],["Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood",1652,0.0,"D014897","C10.574.500.812",0,"Description: A group of recessive inherited diseases that feature<br>progressive muscular atrophy and hypotonia. They are classified<br>as type I (Werdnig-Hoffman disease), type II (intermediate form),<br>and type III (Kugelberg-Welander disease). Type I is fatal in<br>infancy, type II has a late infantile onset and is associated<br>with survival into the second or third decade. Type III has its<br>onset in childhood, and is slowly progressive. (J Med Genet 1996<br>Apr:33(4):281-3)",""],["Optic Atrophies, Hereditary",2795,0.0,"D015418","C10.574.500.662",3,"Description: Hereditary conditions that feature progressive<br>visual loss in association with optic atrophy. Relatively common<br>forms include autosomal dominant optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHY,<br>AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT) and Leber hereditary optic atrophy (OPTIC<br>ATROPHY, HEREDITARY, LEBER).",""],["Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary",1761,0.0,"D015419","C10.500.300.820",0,"Description: A group of inherited diseases that share similar<br>phenotypes but are genetically diverse. Different genetic loci<br>for autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and x-linked forms<br>of hereditary spastic paraplegia have been identified.<br>Clinically, patients present with slowly progressive distal limb<br>weakness and lower extremity spasticity. Peripheral sensory<br>neurons may be affected in the later stages of the disease. (J<br>Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Jan;64(1):61-6; Curr Opin Neurol<br>1997 Aug;10(4):313-8)",""],["Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic",1663,0.0,"D015493","C10.586.750.700",0,"Description: A subacute paralytic myeloneuropathy occurring<br>endemically in tropical areas such as the Caribbean, Colombia,<br>India, and Africa, as well as in the southwestern region of<br>Japan; associated with infection by HUMAN T-CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS<br>I. Clinical manifestations include a slowly progressive spastic<br>weakness of the legs, increased reflexes, Babinski signs,<br>incontinence, and loss of vibratory and position sensation. On<br>pathologic examination inflammatory, demyelination, and necrotic<br>lesions may be found in the spinal cord. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1239)",""],["Optic Disk Drusen",509,0.0,"D015594","C10.292.700.450",0,"Description: Optic disk bodies composed primarily of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides that may produce pseudopapilledema (elevation<br>of the optic disk without associated INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION)<br>and visual field deficits. Drusen may also occur in the retina<br>(see RETINAL DRUSEN). (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-<br>Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p355)",""],["Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome",841,0.0,"D015624","C10.114.656.150",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and<br>fatigability of proximal muscles, particularly of the pelvic<br>girdle, lower extremities, trunk, and shoulder girdle. There is<br>relative sparing of extraocular and bulbar muscles. CARCINOMA,<br>SMALL CELL of the lung is a frequently associated condition,<br>although other malignancies and autoimmune diseases may be<br>associated. Muscular weakness results from impaired impulse<br>transmission at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. Presynaptic calcium<br>channel dysfunction leads to a reduced amount of acetylcholine<br>being released in response to stimulation of the nerve. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 1471)",""],["Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic",6457,0.0,"D015673","C10.586.500.600",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent<br>fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, and<br>subjective cognitive impairment of 6 months duration or longer.<br>Symptoms are not caused by ongoing exertion; are not relieved by<br>rest; and result in a substantial reduction of previous levels of<br>occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Minor<br>alterations of immune, neuroendocrine, and autonomic function may<br>be associated with this syndrome. There is also considerable<br>overlap between this condition and FIBROMYALGIA. (From Semin<br>Neurol 1998;18(2):237-42; Ann Intern Med 1994 Dec 15;121(12):<br>953-9)",""],["Tonic Pupil",167,0.0,"D015845","C10.597.690.575",0,"Description: A pupillary abnormality characterized by a poor<br>pupillary light reaction, reduced accommodation, iris sector<br>palsies, an enhanced pupillary response to near effort that<br>results in a prolonged, \"tonic\" constriction, and slow pupillary<br>redilation. This condition is associated with injury to the<br>postganglionic parasympathetic innervation to the pupil. (From<br>Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp492-500)",""],["Anisocoria",263,0.0,"D015875","C10.597.690.150",0,"Description: Unequal pupil size, which may represent a benign<br>physiologic variant or a manifestation of disease. Pathologic<br>anisocoria reflects an abnormality in the musculature of the iris<br>(IRIS DISEASES) or in the parasympathetic or sympathetic pathways<br>that innervate the pupil. Physiologic anisocoria refers to an<br>asymmetry of pupil diameter, usually less than 2mm, that is not<br>associated with disease.",""],["Arachnoid Cysts",2454,0.0,"D016080","C10.500.142.100",0,"Description: Intracranial or spinal cavities containing a<br>cerebrospinal-like fluid, the wall of which is composed of<br>arachnoidal cells. They are most often developmental or related<br>to trauma. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to<br>arachnoidal cistern and may present with HYDROCEPHALUS; HEADACHE;<br>SEIZURES; and focal neurologic signs. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1994, Ch44, pp105-115)",""],["Central Nervous System Cysts",4065,0.0,"D020863","C10.551.240.375",2,"Description: Congenital or acquired cysts of the brain, spinal<br>cord, or meninges which may remain stable in size or undergo<br>progressive enlargement.",""],["Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease",342,0.0,"D016098","C10.574.500.425",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial prion disease with a<br>wide spectrum of clinical presentations including ATAXIA, spastic<br>paraparesis, extrapyramidal signs, and DEMENTIA. Clinical onset<br>is in the third to sixth decade of life and the mean duration of<br>illness prior to death is five years. Several kindreds with<br>variable clinical and pathologic features have been described.<br>Pathologic features include cerebral prion protein amyloidosis,<br>and spongiform or neurofibrillary degeneration. (From Brain<br>Pathol 1998 Jul;8(3):499-513; Brain Pathol 1995 Jan;5(1):61-75)",""],["Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease",342,0.0,"D016098","C10.574.843.400",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial prion disease with a<br>wide spectrum of clinical presentations including ATAXIA, spastic<br>paraparesis, extrapyramidal signs, and DEMENTIA. Clinical onset<br>is in the third to sixth decade of life and the mean duration of<br>illness prior to death is five years. Several kindreds with<br>variable clinical and pathologic features have been described.<br>Pathologic features include cerebral prion protein amyloidosis,<br>and spongiform or neurofibrillary degeneration. (From Brain<br>Pathol 1998 Jul;8(3):499-513; Brain Pathol 1995 Jan;5(1):61-75)",""],["Spinal Dysraphism",7183,0.0,"D016135","C10.500.680.800",2,"Description: Congenital defects of closure of one or more<br>vertebral arches, which may be associated with malformations of<br>the spinal cord, nerve roots, congenital fibrous bands, lipomas,<br>and congenital cysts. These malformations range from mild (e.g.,<br>SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA) to severe, including rachischisis where<br>there is complete failure of neural tube and spinal cord fusion,<br>resulting in exposure of the spinal cord at the surface. Spinal<br>dysraphism includes all forms of spina bifida. The open form is<br>called SPINA BIFIDA CYSTICA and the closed form is SPINA BIFIDA<br>OCCULTA. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p34)",""],["Holoprosencephaly",1178,0.0,"D016142","C10.500.034.875",0,"Description: Anterior midline brain, cranial, and facial<br>malformations resulting from the failure of the embryonic<br>prosencephalon to undergo segmentation and cleavage. Alobar<br>prosencephaly is the most severe form and features anophthalmia;<br>cyclopia; severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT<br>PALATE; SEIZURES; and microcephaly. Semilobar holoprosencepaly is<br>characterized by hypotelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma, nasal<br>malformations, and variable degrees of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.<br>Lobar holoprosencephaly is associated with mild (or absent)<br>facial malformations and intellectual abilities that range from<br>mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY to normal. Holoprosencephaly is<br>associated with CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES.",""],["Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome",914,0.0,"D016262","C10.668.864.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular<br>symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability<br>has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic<br>poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness<br>and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and<br>muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint<br>pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow<br>progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci<br>1995 May 25;753:68-80)",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.0,"D016518","C10.562.600.750",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome",306,0.0,"D016603","C10.668.491.050",0,"Description: A complex systemic syndrome with inflammatory and<br>autoimmune components that affect the skin, fascia, muscle,<br>nerve, blood vessels, lung, and heart. Diagnostic features<br>generally include EOSINOPHILIA, myalgia severe enough to limit<br>usual activities of daily living, and the absence of coexisting<br>infectious, autoimmune or other conditions that may induce<br>eosinophilia. Biopsy of affected tissue reveals a microangiopathy<br>associated with diffuse inflammation involving connective tissue.<br>(From Spitzer et al., J Rheumatol Suppl 1996 Oct;46:73-9;<br>Blackburn WD, Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997 Jun;26(6):788-93)",""],["Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform",2372,0.0,"D016643","C10.574.843.300",0,"Description: A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cattle<br>associated with abnormal prion proteins in the brain. Affected<br>animals develop excitability and salivation followed by ATAXIA.<br>This disorder has been associated with consumption of SCRAPIE<br>infected ruminant derived protein. This condition may be<br>transmitted to humans, where it is referred to as variant or new<br>variant CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME. (Vet Rec 1998 Jul<br>25;143(41):101-5)",""],["Herpes Zoster Oticus",524,0.0,"D016697","C10.292.319.750",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by facial palsy in<br>association with a herpetic eruption of the external auditory<br>meatus. This may occasionally be associated with tinnitus,<br>vertigo, deafness, severe otalgia, and inflammation of the pinna.<br>The condition is caused by reactivation of a latent HERPESVIRUS<br>3, HUMAN infection which causes inflammation of the facial and<br>vestibular nerves, and may occasionally involve additional<br>cranial nerves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p757)",""],["Stiff-Person Syndrome",836,0.0,"D016750","C10.228.854.790",0,"Description: A condition characterized by persistent spasms<br>(SPASM) involving multiple muscles, primarily in the lower limbs<br>and trunk. The illness tends to occur in the fourth to sixth<br>decade of life, presenting with intermittent spasms that become<br>continuous. Minor sensory stimuli, such as noise and light touch,<br>precipitate severe spasms. Spasms do not occur during sleep and<br>only rarely involve cranial muscles. Respiration may become<br>impaired in advanced cases. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1492; Neurology 1998 Jul;51(1):85-93)",""],["Central Nervous System Fungal Infections",3615,0.0,"D020314","C10.228.228.198",3,"Description: MYCOSES of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges<br>which may result in ENCEPHALITIS; MENINGITIS, FUNGAL; MYELITIS;<br>BRAIN ABSCESS; and EPIDURAL ABSCESS. Certain types of fungi may<br>produce disease in immunologically normal hosts, while others are<br>classified as opportunistic pathogens, causing illness primarily<br>in immunocompromised individuals (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME).",""],["Meningitis, Fungal",2698,0.0,"D016921","C10.586.625.300",1,"Description: Meningitis caused by fungal agents which may occur<br>as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS or arise in immunocompetent hosts.",""],["Akathisia, Drug-Induced",902,0.0,"D017109","C10.228.662.037",0,"Description: A condition associated with the use of certain<br>medications and characterized by an internal sense of motor<br>restlessness often described as an inability to resist the urge<br>to move.",""],["Angelman Syndrome",1235,0.0,"D017204","C10.228.662.075",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by multiple abnormalities,<br>MENTAL RETARDATION, and movement disorders. Present usually are<br>skull and other abnormalities, frequent infantile spasms (SPASMS,<br>INFANTILE); easily provoked and prolonged paroxysms of laughter<br>(hence \"happy\"); jerky puppetlike movements (hence \"puppet\");<br>continuous tongue protrusion; motor retardation; ATAXIA; MUSCLE<br>HYPOTONIA; and a peculiar facies. It is associated with maternal<br>deletions of chromosome 15q11-13 and other genetic abnormalities.<br>(From Am J Med Genet 1998 Dec 4;80(4):385-90; Hum Mol Genet 1999<br>Jan;8(1):129-35)",""],["Myopathies, Structural, Congenital",1653,0.0,"D020914","C10.668.491.550",2,"Description: A heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by<br>the early onset of hypotonia, developmental delay of motor<br>skills, non-progressive weakness. Each of these disorders is<br>associated with a specific histologic muscle fiber abnormality.",""],["Amyloid Neuropathies",2778,0.0,"D017772","C10.668.829.050",1,"Description: Disorders of the peripheral nervous system<br>associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue.<br>Familial, primary (nonfamilial), and secondary forms have been<br>described. Some familial subtypes demonstrate an autosomal<br>dominant pattern of inheritance. Clinical manifestations include<br>sensory loss, mild weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and CARPAL<br>TUNNEL SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1349)",""],["Canavan Disease",311,0.0,"D017825","C10.314.400.375",0,"Description: A rare neurodegenerative condition of infancy or<br>childhood characterized by white matter vacuolization and<br>demeylination that gives rise to a spongy appearance.<br>Aspartoacylase deficiency leads to an accumulation of<br>N-acetylaspartate in astrocytes. Inheritance may be autosomal<br>recessive or the illness may occur sporadically. This illness<br>occurs more frequently in individuals of Ashkenazic Jewish<br>descent. The neonatal form features the onset of hypotonia and<br>lethargy at birth, rapidly progressing to coma and death. The<br>infantile form features developmental delay, DYSKINESIAS,<br>hypotonia, spasticity, blindness, and megalencephaly. The<br>juvenile form is characterized by ATAXIA; OPTIC ATROPHY; and<br>DEMENTIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p944; Am J Med Genet 1988 Feb;29(2):463-71)",""],["Canavan Disease",311,0.0,"D017825","C10.574.500.300",0,"Description: A rare neurodegenerative condition of infancy or<br>childhood characterized by white matter vacuolization and<br>demeylination that gives rise to a spongy appearance.<br>Aspartoacylase deficiency leads to an accumulation of<br>N-acetylaspartate in astrocytes. Inheritance may be autosomal<br>recessive or the illness may occur sporadically. This illness<br>occurs more frequently in individuals of Ashkenazic Jewish<br>descent. The neonatal form features the onset of hypotonia and<br>lethargy at birth, rapidly progressing to coma and death. The<br>infantile form features developmental delay, DYSKINESIAS,<br>hypotonia, spasticity, blindness, and megalencephaly. The<br>juvenile form is characterized by ATAXIA; OPTIC ATROPHY; and<br>DEMENTIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p944; Am J Med Genet 1988 Feb;29(2):463-71)",""],["Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory",824,0.0,"D018304","C10.292.650.200",0,"Description: A malignant olfactory neuroblastoma arising from the<br>olfactory epithelium of the superior nasal cavity and cribriform<br>plate. It is uncommon (3% of nasal tumors) and rarely is<br>associated with the production of excess hormones (e.g., SIADH,<br>Cushing Syndrome). It has a high propensity for multiple local<br>recurrences and bony metastases. (From Holland et al., Cancer<br>Medicine, 3rd ed, p1245; J Laryngol Otol 1998 Jul;112(7):628-33)",""],["Hypokinesia",951,0.0,"D018476","C10.597.350.400",0,"Description: Slow or diminished movement of body musculature. It<br>may be associated with BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; MENTAL DISORDERS;<br>prolonged inactivity due to illness; and other conditions.",""],["Muscle Weakness",5090,0.0,"D018908","C10.597.613.593",0,"Description: A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or<br>exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The<br>weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often<br>progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and<br>neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook<br>of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251)",""],["Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic",1786,0.0,"D018917","C10.292.700.600",0,"Description: Ischemic injury to the OPTIC NERVE which usually<br>affects the OPTIC DISK (optic neuropathy, anterior ischemic) and<br>less frequently the retrobulbar portion of the nerve (optic<br>neuropathy, posterior ischemic). The injury results from<br>occlusion of arterial blood supply which may result from TEMPORAL<br>ARTERITIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; COLLAGEN DISEASES; EMBOLISM; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; and other conditions. The disease primarily occurs in<br>the sixth decade or later and presents with the sudden onset of<br>painless and usually severe monocular visual loss. Anterior<br>ischemic optic neuropathy also features optic disk edema with<br>microhemorrhages. The optic disk appears normal in posterior<br>ischemic optic neuropathy. (Glaser, Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2nd ed,<br>p135)",""],["Optic Nerve Neoplasms",1516,0.0,"D019574","C10.292.225.800",1,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from the<br>optic nerve or its sheath. OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA is the most common<br>histologic type. Optic nerve neoplasms tend to cause unilateral<br>visual loss and an afferent pupillary defect and may spread via<br>neural pathways to the brain.",""],["Optic Nerve Neoplasms",1516,0.0,"D019574","C10.292.700.500",1,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from the<br>optic nerve or its sheath. OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA is the most common<br>histologic type. Optic nerve neoplasms tend to cause unilateral<br>visual loss and an afferent pupillary defect and may spread via<br>neural pathways to the brain.",""],["Optic Nerve Neoplasms",1516,0.0,"D019574","C10.551.360.500",1,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from the<br>optic nerve or its sheath. OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA is the most common<br>histologic type. Optic nerve neoplasms tend to cause unilateral<br>visual loss and an afferent pupillary defect and may spread via<br>neural pathways to the brain.",""],["Multiple System Atrophy",2785,0.0,"D019578","C10.574.928.625",0,"Description: A syndrome complex composed of three conditions<br>which represent clinical variants of the same disease process:<br>STRIATONIGRAL DEGENERATION; SHY-DRAGER SYNDROME; and the sporadic<br>form of OLIVOPONTOCEREBELLAR ATROPHIES. Clinical features include<br>autonomic, cerebellar, and basal ganglia dysfunction. Pathologic<br>examination reveals atrophy of the basal ganglia, cerebellum,<br>pons, and medulla, with prominent loss of autonomic neurons in<br>the brain stem and spinal cord. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1076; Baillieres Clin Neurol 1997<br>Apr;6(1):187-204; Med Clin North Am 1999 Mar;83(2):381-92)",""],["Intracranial Hypotension",1607,0.0,"D019585","C10.228.140.638",0,"Description: Reduction of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID pressure<br>characterized clinically by ORTHOSTATIC HEADACHE and occasionally<br>by an ABDUCENS NERVE PALSY; HEARING LOSS; NAUSEA; neck stiffness,<br>and other symptoms. This condition may be spontaneous or<br>secondary to CEREBROSPINAL FLUID LEAK; SPINAL PUNCTURE;<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES; DEHYDRATION; UREMIA; trauma (see also<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA); and other processes. Chronic hypotension<br>may be associated with subdural hematomas (see HEMATOMA,<br>SUBDURAL) or hygromas. (From Semin Neurol 1996 Mar;16(1):5-10;<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp637-8)",""],["Guillain-Barre Syndrome",6480,0.0,"D020275","C10.114.750.100",1,"Description: An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by<br>T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards<br>peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and<br>nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or<br>bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure<br>to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive<br>weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes.<br>Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may<br>occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1312-1314)",""],["Miller Fisher Syndrome",725,0.0,"D019846","C10.292.562.350",0,"Description: A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME<br>characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction,<br>ataxia, and loss of deep tendon reflexes with relative sparing of<br>strength in the extremities and trunk. The ataxia is produced by<br>peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction and not by cerebellar<br>injury. Facial weakness and sensory loss may also occur. The<br>process is mediated by autoantibodies directed against a<br>component of myelin found in peripheral nerves. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1313; Neurology 1987<br>Sep;37(9):1493-8)",""],["Guillain-Barre Syndrome",6480,0.0,"D020275","C10.314.750.450",1,"Description: An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by<br>T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards<br>peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and<br>nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or<br>bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure<br>to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive<br>weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes.<br>Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may<br>occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1312-1314)",""],["Guillain-Barre Syndrome",6480,0.0,"D020275","C10.668.829.350",1,"Description: An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by<br>T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards<br>peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and<br>nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or<br>bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure<br>to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive<br>weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes.<br>Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may<br>occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1312-1314)",""],["Manganese Poisoning",1012,0.0,"D020149","C10.720.475.500",0,"Description: Manganese poisoning is associated with chronic<br>inhalation of manganese particles by individuals who work with<br>manganese ore. Clinical features include CONFUSION;<br>HALLUCINATIONS; and an extrapyramidal syndrome (PARKINSON<br>DISEASE, SECONDARY) that includes rigidity; DYSTONIA;<br>retropulsion; and TREMOR. (Adams, Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1213)",""],["Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm",2209,0.0,"D020178","C10.886.425.200",1,"Description: Dyssomnias associated with disruption of the normal<br>24 hour sleep wake cycle secondary to travel (e.g., JET LAG<br>SYNDROME), shift work, or other causes.",""],["Nocturnal Paroxysmal Dystonia",36,0.0,"D020183","C10.886.659.627",0,"Description: A parasomnia characterized by paroxysmal episodes of<br>choreoathetotic, ballistic, dystonic movements, and<br>semipurposeful activity. The episodes occur during non-rapid eye<br>movement sleep and typically recur several times per night.<br>(Neurology 1992 Jul;42(7 Suppl 6):61-67; Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p391)",""],["Sleep Bruxism",727,0.0,"D020186","C10.886.659.637",0,"Description: A sleep disorder characterized by grinding and<br>clenching of the teeth and forceful lateral or protrusive jaw<br>movements. Sleep bruxism may be associated with TOOTH INJURIES;<br>TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS; sleep disturbances; and other<br>conditions.",""],["REM Sleep Parasomnias",1960,0.0,"D020923","C10.886.659.633",2,"Description: Abnormal behavioral or physiologic events that are<br>associated with REM sleep, including REM SLEEP BEHAVIOR DISORDER.",""],["Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome",589,0.0,"D020189","C10.886.659.618",0,"Description: Excessive periodic leg movements during sleep that<br>cause micro-arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep.<br>This condition induces a state of relative sleep deprivation<br>which manifests as excessive daytime hypersomnolence. The<br>movements are characterized by repetitive contractions of the<br>tibialis anterior muscle, extension of the toe, and intermittent<br>flexion of the hip, knee and ankle. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p387)",""],["Lafora Disease",379,0.0,"D020192","C10.574.500.529",0,"Description: A form of stimulus sensitive MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY<br>inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. The most common<br>presenting feature is a single seizure in the second decade of<br>life. This is followed by progressive myoclonus, myoclonic<br>seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, focal occipital seizures,<br>intellectual decline, and severe motor and coordination<br>impairments. Most affected individuals do not live past the age<br>of 25 years. Concentric amyloid (Lafora) bodies are found in<br>neurons, liver, skin, bone, and muscle (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Childhood Neurology, 5th ed, pp111-110).",""],["Unverricht-Lundborg Syndrome",157,0.0,"D020194","C10.574.500.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive condition characterized by<br>recurrent myoclonic and generalized seizures, ATAXIA, slowly<br>progressive intellectual deterioration, DYSARTHRIA, and intention<br>tremor. Myoclonic seizures are severe and continuous, and tend to<br>be triggered by movement, stress, and sensory stimuli. The age of<br>onset is between 8 and 13 years, and the condition is relatively<br>frequent in the Baltic region, especially Finland. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp109-110)",""],["Head Injuries, Penetrating",1101,0.0,"D020197","C10.900.300.675",0,"Description: Head injuries which feature compromise of the skull<br>and dura mater. These may result from gunshot wounds (WOUNDS,<br>GUNSHOT), stab wounds (WOUNDS, STAB), and other forms of trauma.",""],["Coma, Post-Head Injury",106,0.0,"D020207","C10.900.300.175",0,"Description: Prolonged unconsciousness from which the individual<br>cannot be aroused, associated with traumatic injuries to the<br>BRAIN. This may be defined as unconsciousness persisting for 6<br>hours or longer. Coma results from injury to both cerebral<br>hemispheres or the RETICULAR FORMATION of the BRAIN STEM.<br>Contributing mechanisms include DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY and BRAIN<br>EDEMA. (From J Neurotrauma 1997 Oct;14(10):699-713)",""],["Central Cord Syndrome",146,0.0,"D020210","C10.900.850.625",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with traumatic injury to the<br>cervical or upper thoracic regions of the spinal cord<br>characterized by weakness in the arms with relative sparing of<br>the legs and variable sensory loss. This condition is associated<br>with ischemia, hemorrhage, or necrosis involving the central<br>portions of the spinal cord. Corticospinal fibers destined for<br>the legs are spared due to their more external location in the<br>spinal cord. This clinical pattern may emerge during recovery<br>from spinal shock. Deficits may be transient or permanent.",""],["Autonomic Dysreflexia",499,0.0,"D020211","C10.900.850.250",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with damage to the spinal cord<br>above the mid thoracic level (see SPINAL CORD INJURIES)<br>characterized by a marked increase in the sympathetic response to<br>minor stimuli such as bladder or rectal distention.<br>Manifestations include HYPERTENSION; TACHYCARDIA (or reflex<br>bradycardia); FEVER; FLUSHING; and HYPERHIDROSIS. Extreme<br>hypertension may be associated with a STROKE. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp538 and 1232; J Spinal Cord<br>Med 1997;20(3):355-60)",""],["Carotid Artery Injuries",5658,0.0,"D020212","C10.900.250.300",2,"Description: Damages to the CAROTID ARTERIES caused either by<br>blunt force or penetrating trauma, such as CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA;<br>THORACIC INJURIES; and NECK INJURIES. Damaged carotid arteries<br>can lead to CAROTID ARTERY THROMBOSIS; CAROTID-CAVERNOUS SINUS<br>FISTULA; pseudoaneurysm formation; and INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY<br>DISSECTION. (From Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1997, 18:251; J Trauma<br>1994, 37:473)",""],["Vertebral Artery Dissection",1631,0.0,"D020217","C10.900.250.650",0,"Description: Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL<br>ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel wall<br>can lead to occlusion of the vertebral artery, aneurysm<br>formation, or THROMBOEMBOLISM. Vertebral artery dissection is<br>often associated with TRAUMA and injuries to the head-neck region<br>but can occur spontaneously.",""],["Facial Nerve Injuries",1349,0.0,"D020220","C10.292.200.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the facial nerve. This may<br>result in FACIAL PARALYSIS, decreased lacrimation and salivation,<br>and loss of taste sensation in the anterior tongue. The nerve may<br>regenerate and reform its original pattern of innervation, or<br>regenerate aberrantly, resulting in inappropriate lacrimation in<br>response to gustatory stimuli (e.g., \"crocodile tears\") and other<br>syndromes.",""],["Facial Nerve Injuries",1349,0.0,"D020220","C10.292.319.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the facial nerve. This may<br>result in FACIAL PARALYSIS, decreased lacrimation and salivation,<br>and loss of taste sensation in the anterior tongue. The nerve may<br>regenerate and reform its original pattern of innervation, or<br>regenerate aberrantly, resulting in inappropriate lacrimation in<br>response to gustatory stimuli (e.g., \"crocodile tears\") and other<br>syndromes.",""],["Abducens Nerve Injury",81,0.0,"D020222","C10.292.150.100",0,"Description: Traumatic injury to the abducens, or sixth, cranial<br>nerve. Injury to this nerve results in lateral rectus muscle<br>weakness or paralysis. The nerve may be damaged by closed or<br>penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA or by facial trauma involving<br>the orbit.",""],["Abducens Nerve Injury",81,0.0,"D020222","C10.292.200.200",0,"Description: Traumatic injury to the abducens, or sixth, cranial<br>nerve. Injury to this nerve results in lateral rectus muscle<br>weakness or paralysis. The nerve may be damaged by closed or<br>penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA or by facial trauma involving<br>the orbit.",""],["Gait Ataxia",299,0.0,"D020234","C10.597.404.450",0,"Description: Impairment of the ability to coordinate the<br>movements required for normal ambulation (WALKING) which may<br>result from impairments of motor function or sensory feedback.<br>This condition may be associated with BRAIN DISEASES (including<br>CEREBELLAR DISEASES and BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES); SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES; or PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES.",""],["Gait Apraxia",92,0.0,"D020235","C10.597.404.400",0,"Description: Impaired ambulation not attributed to sensory<br>impairment or motor weakness. FRONTAL LOBE disorders; BASAL<br>GANGLIA DISEASES (e.g., PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS); DEMENTIA, MULTI-<br>INFARCT; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; and other conditions may be<br>associated with gait apraxia.",""],["Amnesia, Transient Global",601,0.0,"D020236","C10.228.140.060",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by a transient loss of the<br>ability to form new memories. It primarily occurs in middle aged<br>or elderly individuals, and episodes may last from minutes to<br>hours. During the period of amnesia, immediate and recent memory<br>abilities are impaired, but the level of consciousness and<br>ability to perform other intellectual tasks are preserved. The<br>condition is related to bilateral dysfunction of the medial<br>portions of each TEMPORAL LOBE. Complete recovery normally<br>occurs, and recurrences are unusual. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp429-30)",""],["Arsenic Poisoning",2615,0.0,"D020261","C10.720.475.150",0,"Description: Disorders associated with acute or chronic exposure<br>to compounds containing ARSENIC (ARSENICALS) which may be fatal.<br>Acute oral ingestion is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms<br>and an encephalopathy which may manifest as SEIZURES, mental<br>status changes, and COMA. Chronic exposure is associated with<br>mucosal irritation, desquamating rash, myalgias, peripheral<br>neuropathy, and white transverse (Mees) lines in the fingernails.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1212)",""],["Lead Poisoning, Nervous System",454,0.0,"D020263","C10.720.475.400",2,"Description: Injury to the nervous system secondary to exposure<br>to lead compounds. Two distinct clinical patterns occur in<br>children (LEAD POISONING, NERVOUS SYSTEM, CHILDHOOD) and adults<br>(LEAD POISONING, NERVOUS SYSTEM, ADULT). In children, lead<br>poisoning typically produces an encephalopathy. In adults,<br>exposure to toxic levels of lead is associated with a peripheral<br>neuropathy.",""],["Alcoholic Neuropathy",111,0.0,"D020269","C10.720.112.400",0,"Description: A condition where damage to the peripheral nervous<br>system (including the peripheral elements of the autonomic<br>nervous system) is associated with chronic ingestion of alcoholic<br>beverages. The disorder may be caused by a direct effect of<br>alcohol, an associated nutritional deficiency, or a combination<br>of factors. Clinical manifestations include variable degrees of<br>weakness; ATROPHY; PARESTHESIAS; pain; loss of reflexes; sensory<br>loss; diaphoresis; and postural hypotension. (From Arch Neurol<br>1995;52(1):45-51; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1146)",""],["Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures",231,0.0,"D020270","C10.597.742.143",0,"Description: A condition where seizures occur in association with<br>ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) without other identifiable causes.<br>Seizures usually occur within the first 6-48 hours after the<br>cessation of alcohol intake, but may occur during periods of<br>alcohol intoxication. Single generalized tonic-clonic motor<br>seizures are the most common subtype, however, STATUS EPILEPTICUS<br>may occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1174)",""],["Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures",231,0.0,"D020270","C10.720.112.300",0,"Description: A condition where seizures occur in association with<br>ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) without other identifiable causes.<br>Seizures usually occur within the first 6-48 hours after the<br>cessation of alcohol intake, but may occur during periods of<br>alcohol intoxication. Single generalized tonic-clonic motor<br>seizures are the most common subtype, however, STATUS EPILEPTICUS<br>may occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1174)",""],["Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating",2088,0.0,"D020277","C10.114.750.175",0,"Description: A slowly progressive autoimmune demyelinating<br>disease of peripheral nerves and nerve roots. Clinical<br>manifestations include weakness and sensory loss in the<br>extremities and enlargement of peripheral nerves. The course may<br>be relapsing-remitting or demonstrate a step-wise progression.<br>Protein is usually elevated in the spinal fluid and cranial<br>nerves are typically spared. GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME features a<br>relatively rapid progression of disease which distinguishes it<br>from this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1337)",""],["Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating",2088,0.0,"D020277","C10.314.750.700",0,"Description: A slowly progressive autoimmune demyelinating<br>disease of peripheral nerves and nerve roots. Clinical<br>manifestations include weakness and sensory loss in the<br>extremities and enlargement of peripheral nerves. The course may<br>be relapsing-remitting or demonstrate a step-wise progression.<br>Protein is usually elevated in the spinal fluid and cranial<br>nerves are typically spared. GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME features a<br>relatively rapid progression of disease which distinguishes it<br>from this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1337)",""],["Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases",492,0.0,"D020279","C10.574.500.490",0,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by a loss of<br>MYELIN in the central nervous system.",""],["Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital",766,0.0,"D020294","C10.668.758.800",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by<br>a congenital defect in neuromuscular transmission at the<br>NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. This includes presynaptic, synaptic, and<br>postsynaptic disorders (that are not of autoimmune origin). The<br>majority of these diseases are caused by mutations of various<br>subunits of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (RECEPTORS,<br>NICOTINIC) on the postsynaptic surface of the junction. (From<br>Arch Neurol 1999 Feb;56(2):163-7)",""],["Tics",885,0.0,"D020323","C10.597.350.700",0,"Description: Habitual, repeated, rapid contraction of certain<br>muscles, resulting in stereotyped individualized actions that can<br>be voluntarily suppressed for only brief periods. They often<br>involve the face, vocal cords, neck, and less often the<br>extremities. Examples include repetitive throat clearing,<br>vocalizations, sniffing, pursing the lips, and excessive<br>blinking. Tics tend to be aggravated by emotional stress. When<br>frequent they may interfere with speech and INTERPERSONAL<br>RELATIONS. Conditions which feature frequent and prominent tics<br>as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as TIC<br>DISORDERS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp109-10)",""],["Essential Tremor",2705,0.0,"D020329","C10.228.662.350",0,"Description: A relatively common disorder characterized by a<br>fairly specific pattern of tremors which are most prominent in<br>the upper extremities and neck, inducing titubations of the head.<br>The tremor is usually mild, but when severe may be disabling. An<br>autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance may occur in some<br>families (i.e., familial tremor). (Mov Disord 1988;13(1):5-10)",""],["Bell Palsy",1465,0.0,"D020330","C10.292.319.250",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by the acute onset of<br>unilateral FACIAL PARALYSIS which progresses over a 2-5 day<br>period. Weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscle and resulting<br>incomplete eye closure may be associated with corneal injury.<br>Pain behind the ear often precedes the onset of paralysis. This<br>condition may be associated with HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN infection<br>of the facial nerve. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1376)",""],["Mobius Syndrome",370,0.0,"D020331","C10.292.319.825",0,"Description: A syndrome of congenital facial paralysis,<br>frequently associated with abducens palsy and other congenital<br>abnormalities including lingual palsy, clubfeet, brachial<br>disorders, cognitive deficits, and pectoral muscle defects.<br>Pathologic findings are variable and include brain stem nuclear<br>aplasia, facial nerve aplasia, and facial muscle aplasia,<br>consistent with a multifactorial etiology. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1020)",""],["Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome",272,0.0,"D020333","C10.292.562.900",0,"Description: An idiopathic syndrome characterized by the<br>formation of granulation tissue in the anterior cavernous sinus<br>or superior orbital fissure, producing a painful ophthalmoplegia.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p271)",""],["Paraparesis",791,0.0,"D020335","C10.597.636.500",1,"Description: Mild to moderate loss of bilateral lower extremity<br>motor function, which may be a manifestation of SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; MUSCULAR DISEASES;<br>INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; parasagittal brain lesions; and other<br>conditions.",""],["Vestibular Neuronitis",682,0.0,"D020338","C10.292.910.850",0,"Description: Idiopathic inflammation of the VESTIBULAR NERVE,<br>characterized clinically by the acute or subacute onset of<br>VERTIGO; NAUSEA; and imbalance. The COCHLEAR NERVE is typically<br>spared and HEARING LOSS and TINNITUS do not usually occur.<br>Symptoms usually resolve over a period of days to weeks. (Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p304)",""],["Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration",378,0.0,"D020362","C10.574.781.700",0,"Description: Cerebellar degeneration associated with a remote<br>neoplasm. Clinical manifestations include progressive limb and<br>GAIT ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; and NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC. The<br>histologic type of the associated neoplasm is usually carcinoma<br>or lymphoma. Pathologically the cerebellar cortex and subcortical<br>nuclei demonstrate diffuse degenerative changes. Anti-Purkinje<br>cell antibodies (anti-Yo) are found in the serum of approximately<br>50% of affected individuals. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p686)",""],["Limbic Encephalitis",1210,0.0,"D020363","C10.574.781.550",0,"Description: A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of<br>neurons in the LIMBIC SYSTEM. Clinical features include<br>HALLUCINATIONS, loss of EPISODIC MEMORY; ANOSMIA; AGEUSIA;<br>TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY; DEMENTIA; and affective disturbance<br>(depression). Circulating anti-neuronal antibodies (e.g., anti-<br>Hu; anti-Yo; anti-Ri; and anti-Ma2) and small cell lung<br>carcinomas or testicular carcinoma are frequently associated with<br>this syndrome.",""],["Limbic Encephalitis",1210,0.0,"D020363","C10.586.250.525",0,"Description: A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of<br>neurons in the LIMBIC SYSTEM. Clinical features include<br>HALLUCINATIONS, loss of EPISODIC MEMORY; ANOSMIA; AGEUSIA;<br>TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY; DEMENTIA; and affective disturbance<br>(depression). Circulating anti-neuronal antibodies (e.g., anti-<br>Hu; anti-Yo; anti-Ri; and anti-Ma2) and small cell lung<br>carcinomas or testicular carcinoma are frequently associated with<br>this syndrome.",""],["Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy",272,0.0,"D020364","C10.574.781.850",0,"Description: A diffuse or multifocal peripheral neuropathy<br>related to the remote effects of a neoplasm, most often carcinoma<br>or lymphoma. Pathologically, there are inflammatory changes in<br>peripheral nerves. The most common clinical presentation is a<br>symmetric distal mixed sensorimotor polyneuropathy. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1334)",""],["Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease",350,0.0,"D020371","C10.314.400.775",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive disorder of myelin<br>formation. Subtypes are referred to as classic, congenital,<br>transitional, and adult forms of this disease. The classic form<br>is X-chromosome linked, has its onset in infancy and is<br>associated with a mutation of the proteolipid protein gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include TREMOR, spasmus nutans, roving<br>eye movements, ATAXIA, spasticity, and NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL.<br>Death occurs by the third decade of life. The congenital form has<br>similar characteristics but presents early in infancy and<br>features rapid disease progression. Transitional and adult<br>subtypes have a later onset and less severe symptomatology.<br>Pathologic features include patchy areas of demyelination with<br>preservation of perivascular islands (trigoid appearance). (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p190)",""],["Myokymia",200,0.0,"D020385","C10.597.613.650",0,"Description: Successive and rapid contractions of motor units<br>associated with chronic nerve injury. The discharges arise from<br>the peripheral aspects of regenerating nerves, and clinically<br>impart a nearly continuous undulation of the body surface<br>overlying the muscle. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1491)",""],["Isaacs Syndrome",334,0.0,"D020386","C10.668.829.425",0,"Description: A rare neuromuscular disorder with onset usually in<br>late childhood or early adulthood, characterized by intermittent<br>or continuous widespread involuntary muscle contractions;<br>FASCICULATION; hyporeflexia; MUSCLE CRAMP; MUSCLE WEAKNESS;<br>HYPERHIDROSIS; TACHYCARDIA; and MYOKYMIA. Involvement of<br>pharyngeal or laryngeal muscles may interfere with speech and<br>breathing. The continuous motor activity persists during sleep<br>and general anesthesia (distinguishing this condition from STIFF-<br>PERSON SYNDROME). Familial and acquired (primarily autoimmune)<br>forms have been reported. (From Ann NY Acad Sci 1998 May<br>13;841:482-496; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1491)",""],["Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental",369,0.0,"D020720","C10.114.656.300",0,"Description: Any autoimmune animal disease model used in the<br>study of MYASTHENIA GRAVIS. Injection with purified neuromuscular<br>junction acetylcholine receptor (AChR) (see RECEPTORS,<br>CHOLINERGIC) components results in a myasthenic syndrome that has<br>acute and chronic phases. The motor endplate pathology, loss of<br>acetylcholine receptors, presence of circulating anti-AChR<br>antibodies, and electrophysiologic changes make this condition<br>virtually identical to human myasthenia gravis. Passive transfer<br>of AChR antibodies or lymphocytes from afflicted animals to<br>normals induces passive transfer experimental autoimmune<br>myasthenia gravis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch 54,<br>p3)",""],["Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental",369,0.0,"D020720","C10.114.703.350",0,"Description: Any autoimmune animal disease model used in the<br>study of MYASTHENIA GRAVIS. Injection with purified neuromuscular<br>junction acetylcholine receptor (AChR) (see RECEPTORS,<br>CHOLINERGIC) components results in a myasthenic syndrome that has<br>acute and chronic phases. The motor endplate pathology, loss of<br>acetylcholine receptors, presence of circulating anti-AChR<br>antibodies, and electrophysiologic changes make this condition<br>virtually identical to human myasthenia gravis. Passive transfer<br>of AChR antibodies or lymphocytes from afflicted animals to<br>normals induces passive transfer experimental autoimmune<br>myasthenia gravis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch 54,<br>p3)",""],["Spinal Cord Vascular Diseases",1767,0.0,"D020758","C10.228.854.785",2,"Description: Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD<br>VESSELS feeding the SPINAL CORD, such as the anterior and paired<br>posterior spinal arteries or their many branches. Disease<br>processes may include ATHEROSCLEROSIS; EMBOLISM; and<br>ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS leading to ISCHEMIA or HEMORRHAGE<br>into the spinal cord (hematomyelia).",""],["Sinus Pericranii",134,0.0,"D020779","C10.500.190.800",0,"Description: Rare vascular anomaly involving a communication<br>between the intracranial and extracranial venous circulation via<br>diploe, the central spongy layer of cranial bone. It is often<br>characterized by dilated venous structures on the scalp due to<br>abnormal drainage from the intracranial venous sinuses. Sinus<br>pericranii can be congenital or traumatic in origin.",""],["Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System",1927,0.0,"D020786","C10.500.190.200",0,"Description: A vascular anomaly composed of a collection of<br>large, thin walled tortuous VEINS that can occur in any part of<br>the central nervous system but lack intervening nervous tissue.<br>Familial occurrence is common and has been associated with a<br>number of genes mapped to 7q, 7p and 3q. Clinical features<br>include SEIZURES; HEADACHE; STROKE; and progressive neurological<br>deficit.",""],["Central Nervous System Venous Angioma",117,0.0,"D020787","C10.500.190.100",0,"Description: A vascular anomaly characterized by a radial or<br>wedge-shaped arrangement of dilated VEINS draining into a larger<br>vein in the brain, spinal cord, or the meninges. Veins in a<br>venous angioma are surrounded by normal nervous tissue, unlike a<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA that lacks<br>intervening nervous tissue. Drainage of venous angioma is fully<br>integrated with the body's venous system, therefore, in most<br>cases there is no clinical signs and rare bleeding.",""],["Epidural Abscess",1402,0.0,"D020802","C10.228.228.300",0,"Description: Circumscribed collections of suppurative material<br>occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL SPACE. The<br>majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are<br>associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a vertebral body; ANALGESIA,<br>EPIDURAL; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include<br>local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, URINARY<br>INCONTINENCE, and FECAL INCONTINENCE. Cranial epidural abscesses<br>are usually associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a cranial bone,<br>SINUSITIS, or OTITIS MEDIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg<br>Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12)",""],["Epidural Abscess",1402,0.0,"D020802","C10.228.854.303",0,"Description: Circumscribed collections of suppurative material<br>occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL SPACE. The<br>majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are<br>associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a vertebral body; ANALGESIA,<br>EPIDURAL; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include<br>local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, URINARY<br>INCONTINENCE, and FECAL INCONTINENCE. Cranial epidural abscesses<br>are usually associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a cranial bone,<br>SINUSITIS, or OTITIS MEDIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg<br>Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12)",""],["Pseudobulbar Palsy",161,0.0,"D020828","C10.597.622.714",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia,<br>dysphonia, impairment of voluntary movements of tongue and facial<br>muscles, and emotional lability. This condition is caused by<br>diseases that affect the motor fibers that travel from the<br>cerebral cortex to the lower BRAIN STEM (i.e., corticobulbar<br>tracts); including MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; and<br>CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p489)",""],["Sleep-Wake Transition Disorders",179,0.0,"D020922","C10.886.659.700",0,"Description: Parasomnias characterized by behavioral<br>abnormalities that occur during the transition between<br>wakefulness and sleep (or between sleep and wakefulness).",""],["Myasthenia Gravis, Neonatal",36,0.0,"D020941","C10.114.656.650",0,"Description: A disorder of neuromuscular transmission that occurs<br>in a minority of newborns born to women with myasthenia gravis.<br>Clinical features are usually present at birth or develop in the<br>first 3 days of life and consist of hypotonia and impaired<br>respiratory, suck, and swallowing abilities. This condition is<br>associated with the passive transfer of acetylcholine receptor<br>antibodies through the placenta. In the majority of infants the<br>myasthenic weakness resolves (i.e., transient neonatal myasthenia<br>gravis) although this disorder may rarely continue beyond the<br>neonatal period (i.e., persistent neonatal myasthenia gravis).<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p823;<br>Neurology 1997 Jan;48(1):50-4)",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C10.114.875.175",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C10.114.875.850",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Lewy Body Disease",3692,0.0,"D020961","C10.574.928.500",0,"Description: A neurodegenerative disease characterized by<br>dementia, mild parkinsonism, and fluctuations in attention and<br>alertness. The neuropsychiatric manifestations tend to precede<br>the onset of bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY, and other<br>extrapyramidal signs. DELUSIONS and visual HALLUCINATIONS are<br>relatively frequent in this condition. Histologic examination<br>reveals LEWY BODIES in the CEREBRAL CORTEX and BRAIN STEM. SENILE<br>PLAQUES and other pathologic features characteristic of ALZHEIMER<br>DISEASE may also be present. (From Neurology 1997;48:376-380;<br>Neurology 1996;47:1113-1124)",""],["Septo-Optic Dysplasia",221,0.0,"D025962","C10.500.034.937",0,"Description: A condition resulting from congenital malformations<br>involving the brain. The syndrome of septo-optic dysplasia<br>combines hypoplasia or agenesis of the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM; CORPUS<br>CALLOSUM and the OPTIC NERVE. The extent of the abnormalities can<br>vary. Septo-optic dysplasia is often associated with<br>abnormalities of the HYPOTHALAMUS and other diencephalic<br>structures, and HYPOPITUITARISM.",""],["Septo-Optic Dysplasia",221,0.0,"D025962","C10.500.760.500",0,"Description: A condition resulting from congenital malformations<br>involving the brain. The syndrome of septo-optic dysplasia<br>combines hypoplasia or agenesis of the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM; CORPUS<br>CALLOSUM and the OPTIC NERVE. The extent of the abnormalities can<br>vary. Septo-optic dysplasia is often associated with<br>abnormalities of the HYPOTHALAMUS and other diencephalic<br>structures, and HYPOPITUITARISM.",""],["Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial",2169,0.0,"D028227","C10.574.500.050",0,"Description: Inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system<br>associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. The<br>different clinical types based on symptoms correspond to the<br>presence of a variety of mutations in several different proteins<br>including transthyretin (PREALBUMIN); APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; and<br>GELSOLIN.",""],["Insomnia, Fatal Familial",174,0.0,"D034062","C10.574.843.512",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by<br>degeneration of the THALAMUS and progressive insomnia. It is<br>caused by a mutation in the prion protein (PRIONS).",""],["Wasting Disease, Chronic",516,0.0,"D034081","C10.574.843.925",0,"Description: A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion<br>disease) of DEER and elk characterized by chronic weight loss<br>leading to death. It is thought to spread by direct contact<br>between animals or through environmental contamination with the<br>prion protein (PRIONS).",""],["Alexander Disease",380,0.0,"D038261","C10.314.400.312",0,"Description: Rare leukoencephalopathy with infantile-onset<br>accumulation of Rosenthal fibers in the subpial, periventricular,<br>and subependymal zones of the brain. Rosenthal fibers are GLIAL<br>FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN aggregates found in ASTROCYTES.<br>Juvenile- and adult-onset types show progressive atrophy of the<br>lower brainstem instead. De novo mutations in the GFAP gene are<br>associated with the disease with propensity for paternal<br>inheritance.",""],["Alexander Disease",380,0.0,"D038261","C10.574.500.024",0,"Description: Rare leukoencephalopathy with infantile-onset<br>accumulation of Rosenthal fibers in the subpial, periventricular,<br>and subependymal zones of the brain. Rosenthal fibers are GLIAL<br>FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN aggregates found in ASTROCYTES.<br>Juvenile- and adult-onset types show progressive atrophy of the<br>lower brainstem instead. De novo mutations in the GFAP gene are<br>associated with the disease with propensity for paternal<br>inheritance.",""],["Synkinesis",270,0.0,"D046608","C10.597.350.675",0,"Description: An involuntary movement accompanying a volitional<br>movement. It often refers to facial movements that accompany<br>FACIAL PARALYSIS.",""],["Subacute Combined Degeneration",213,0.0,"D052879","C10.228.854.811",0,"Description: A neuropathy due to VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY or to<br>excessive NITROUS OXIDE inhalation. It is associated with<br>overproduction of the myelinolytic TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA.",""],["Tarlov Cysts",254,0.0,"D052958","C10.668.829.900",0,"Description: Perineurial cysts commonly found in the SACRAL<br>REGION. They arise from the PERINEURIUM membrane within the<br>SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. The distinctive feature of the cysts is the<br>presence of spinal nerve root fibers within the cyst wall, or the<br>cyst cavity itself.",""],["Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome",276,0.0,"D053421","C10.668.829.380",0,"Description: An occupational disorder resulting from prolonged<br>exposure to vibration, affecting the fingers, hands, and<br>forearms. It occurs in workers who regularly use vibrating tools<br>such as jackhammers, power chain saws, riveters, etc. Symptoms<br>include episodic finger blanching, NUMBNESS, tingling, and loss<br>of nerve sensitivity.",""],["Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome",405,0.0,"D053578","C10.228.758.500",0,"Description: A neurological condition that is characterized by<br>uncontrolled rapid irregular movements of the eye (OPSOCLONUS)<br>and the muscle (MYOCLONUS) causing unsteady, trembling gait. It<br>is also known as dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome and is often<br>associated with neoplasms, viral infections, or autoimmune<br>disorders involving the nervous system.",""],["Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome",405,0.0,"D053578","C10.292.562.831",0,"Description: A neurological condition that is characterized by<br>uncontrolled rapid irregular movements of the eye (OPSOCLONUS)<br>and the muscle (MYOCLONUS) causing unsteady, trembling gait. It<br>is also known as dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome and is often<br>associated with neoplasms, viral infections, or autoimmune<br>disorders involving the nervous system.",""],["Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome",405,0.0,"D053578","C10.574.781.662",0,"Description: A neurological condition that is characterized by<br>uncontrolled rapid irregular movements of the eye (OPSOCLONUS)<br>and the muscle (MYOCLONUS) causing unsteady, trembling gait. It<br>is also known as dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome and is often<br>associated with neoplasms, viral infections, or autoimmune<br>disorders involving the nervous system.",""],["Lethargy",192,0.0,"D053609","C10.597.606.441",0,"Description: A general state of sluggishness, listless, or<br>uninterested, with being tired, and having difficulty<br>concentrating and doing simple tasks. It may be related to<br>DEPRESSION or DRUG ADDICTION.",""],["Malformations of Cortical Development, Group II",1058,0.0,"D054081","C10.500.507.450",6,"Description: Cortical malformations secondary to abnormal<br>neuronal CELL MIGRATION in NEUROGENESIS. This group includes<br>COBBLESTONE LISSENCEPHALY and PERIVENTRICULAR NODULAR<br>HETEROTOPIA.",""],["Pure Autonomic Failure",130,0.0,"D054970","C10.177.575.650",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that is characterized by idiopathic ORTHOSTATIC<br>HYPOTENSION and a greatly reduced level of CATECHOLAMINES. No<br>other neurological deficits are present.",""],["Dysphonia",1874,0.0,"D055154","C10.597.975.325",0,"Description: Difficulty and/or pain in PHONATION or speaking.",""],["Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked",247,0.0,"D055534","C10.574.500.175",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular<br>atrophy. It is due to a mutation of the gene encoding the<br>ANDROGEN RECEPTOR.",""],["Acrocallosal Syndrome",66,0.0,"D055673","C10.500.034.500",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by<br>hypogenesis or agenesis of CORPUS CALLOSUM. Clinical features<br>include MENTAL RETARDATION; CRANIOFACIAL ABNORMALITIES; digital<br>malformations, and growth retardation.",""],["Cogan Syndrome",248,0.0,"D055952","C10.292.910.299",0,"Description: A condition consisting of inflammatory eye disease<br>usually presenting as interstitial KERATITIS, vestibuloauditory<br>dysfunction, and large- to medium-vessel vasculitis.",""],["Diffuse Neurofibrillary Tangles with Calcification",11,0.0,"D055956","C10.574.945.374",0,"Description: A form of presenile DEMENTIA characterized by<br>cortical dementia, NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES without SENILE<br>PLAQUES, Fahr's type CALCINOSIS, and ATROPHY in frontotemporal or<br>TEMPORAL LOBE.",""],["Colloid Cysts",290,0.0,"D056364","C10.500.142.200",0,"Description: Benign, congenital, neuroepithelial cysts that are<br>typically filled with a viscous mucus. They usually arise in the<br>anterior portion of the THIRD VENTRICLE between the fornices.",""],["Giant Axonal Neuropathy",73,0.0,"D056768","C10.500.300.490",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of INTERMEDIATE<br>FILAMENT PROTEINS. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene<br>that codes gigaxonin protein. The mutations result in<br>disorganization of axonal NEUROFILAMENT PROTEINS, formation of<br>the characteristic giant axons, and progressive neuropathy. The<br>clinical features of the disease include early-onset progressive<br>peripheral motor and sensory neuropathies often associated with<br>central nervous system involvement (INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY,<br>seizures, DYSMETRIA, and CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS).",""],["Giant Axonal Neuropathy",73,0.0,"D056768","C10.668.829.325",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of INTERMEDIATE<br>FILAMENT PROTEINS. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene<br>that codes gigaxonin protein. The mutations result in<br>disorganization of axonal NEUROFILAMENT PROTEINS, formation of<br>the characteristic giant axons, and progressive neuropathy. The<br>clinical features of the disease include early-onset progressive<br>peripheral motor and sensory neuropathies often associated with<br>central nervous system involvement (INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY,<br>seizures, DYSMETRIA, and CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS).",""],["Alstrom Syndrome",148,0.0,"D056769","C10.500.300.099",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include<br>retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS<br>PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity,<br>sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development.<br>Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and<br>progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by<br>mutations in the ALMS1 gene.",""],["Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration",5475,0.0,"D057174","C10.574.950.300",2,"Description: Heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders<br>characterized by frontal and temporal lobe atrophy associated<br>with neuronal loss, gliosis, and dementia. Patients exhibit<br>progressive changes in social, behavioral, and/or language<br>function. Multiple subtypes or forms are recognized based on<br>presence or absence of TAU PROTEIN inclusions. FTLD includes<br>three clinical syndromes: FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA, semantic<br>dementia, and PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE NONFLUENT APHASIA.",""],["Pentalogy of Cantrell",117,0.0,"D058502","C10.500.680.705",0,"Description: Rare congenital deformity syndrome characterized by<br>a combination of five anomalies as a result of neural tube<br>defect. The five anomalies are a midline supraumbilical abdominal<br>wall defect (e.g., OMPHALOCELE), a lower STERNUM defect, a<br>congenital intracardiac defect, an anterior DIAPHRAGM defect, and<br>a diaphragmatic PERICARDIUM defect (e.g., PERICARDIAL EFFUSION).<br>Variants with incomplete and variable combinations of the defects<br>are known. ECTOPIA CORDIS; CLEFT LIP; and CLEFT PALATE are often<br>associated with the syndrome.",""],["Aicardi Syndrome",101,0.0,"D058540","C10.500.034.687",0,"Description: A rare genetic disorder characterized by partial or<br>complete absence of the CORPUS CALLOSUM, resulting in infantile<br>spasms, MENTAL RETARDATION, and lesions of the RETINA or OPTIC<br>NERVE.",""],["Cerebral Ventriculitis",284,0.0,"D058565","C10.586.250.249",0,"Description: Inflammation of CEREBRAL VENTRICLES.",""],["Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome",78,0.0,"D058923","C10.668.491.087",0,"Description: SKELETAL MUSCLE pain and tenderness along the<br>posteromedial TIBIA resulting from exercise such as running and<br>other physical activity.",""],["Peripheral Nerve Injuries",5843,0.0,"D059348","C10.668.829.712",0,"Description: Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.",""],["Anhedonia",734,0.0,"D059445","C10.597.606.057",0,"Description: Inability to experience pleasure due to impairment<br>or dysfunction of normal psychological and neurobiological<br>mechanisms. It is a symptom of many PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS (e.g.,<br>DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; and SCHIZOPHRENIA).",""],["Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis",1538,0.0,"D060426","C10.574.781.249",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by symptoms of CATATONIA;<br>HYPOVENTILATION; DYSKINESIAS; ENCEPHALITIS; and SEIZURES followed<br>by a reduced CONSCIOUSNESS. It is often followed by a viral-like<br>prodrome. Many cases are self-limiting and respond well to<br>IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPIES against the NMDA RECEPTORS antibodies.",""],["Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis",1538,0.0,"D060426","C10.586.250.124",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by symptoms of CATATONIA;<br>HYPOVENTILATION; DYSKINESIAS; ENCEPHALITIS; and SEIZURES followed<br>by a reduced CONSCIOUSNESS. It is often followed by a viral-like<br>prodrome. Many cases are self-limiting and respond well to<br>IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPIES against the NMDA RECEPTORS antibodies.",""],["Olfactory Nerve Injuries",36,0.0,"D061219","C10.292.200.687",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the OLFACTORY NERVE. It may<br>result in various olfactory dysfunction including a complete loss<br>of smell.",""],["Olfactory Nerve Injuries",36,0.0,"D061219","C10.292.650.600",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the OLFACTORY NERVE. It may<br>result in various olfactory dysfunction including a complete loss<br>of smell.",""],["Oculomotor Nerve Injuries",86,0.0,"D061220","C10.292.200.656",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. This may<br>result in various eye movement dysfunction.",""],["Vagus Nerve Injuries",1219,0.0,"D061223","C10.292.200.937",2,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the VAGUS NERVE. Because the<br>vagus nerve innervates multiple organs, injuries in the nerve<br>fibers may result in any gastrointestinal organ dysfunction<br>downstream of the injury site.",""],["Vagus Nerve Injuries",93,0.0,"D061223","C10.292.887.399",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the VAGUS NERVE. Because the<br>vagus nerve innervates multiple organs, injuries in the nerve<br>fibers may result in any gastrointestinal organ dysfunction<br>downstream of the injury site.",""],["Accessory Nerve Injuries",208,0.0,"D061227","C10.292.175.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the ACCESSORY NERVE. Damage to<br>the nerve may produce weakness in head rotation and shoulder<br>elevation.",""],["Accessory Nerve Injuries",208,0.0,"D061227","C10.292.200.350",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the ACCESSORY NERVE. Damage to<br>the nerve may produce weakness in head rotation and shoulder<br>elevation.",""],["Hypoglossal Nerve Injuries",159,0.0,"D061228","C10.292.200.562",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE.",""],["Hypoglossal Nerve Injuries",159,0.0,"D061228","C10.292.525.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE.",""],["Trochlear Nerve Injuries",26,0.0,"D061247","C10.292.200.906",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the TROCHLEAR NERVE.",""],["Vestibulocochlear Nerve Injuries",32,0.0,"D061285","C10.292.200.968",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE.",""],["Vestibulocochlear Nerve Injuries",32,0.0,"D061285","C10.292.910.925",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE.",""],["Glossopharyngeal Nerve Injuries",32,0.0,"D061287","C10.292.200.531",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE.",""],["Glossopharyngeal Nerve Injuries",32,0.0,"D061287","C10.292.450.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE.",""],["Pneumorrhachis",118,0.0,"D063205","C10.228.854.583",0,"Description: Presence of air or gas within the spinal canal<br>cavity (EPIDURAL SPACE; or SUBARACHNOID SPACE). It may result<br>from traumatic injuries, emphysema, infection and other<br>conditions. It can also develop as a complication of various<br>SURGICAL PROCEDURES (e.g., MYELOGRAPHY).",""],["Myalgia",1453,0.0,"D063806","C10.668.491.525",0,"Description: Painful sensation in the muscles.",""],["Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy",182,0.0,"D065166","C10.228.140.807",0,"Description: Acute neurological dysfunction during severe SEPSIS<br>in the absence of direct brain infection characterized by<br>systemic inflammation and BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER perturbation.",""],["Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo",930,0.0,"D065635","C10.597.951.500",0,"Description: Idiopathic recurrent VERTIGO associated with<br>POSITIONAL NYSTAGMUS. It is associated with a vestibular loss<br>without other neurological or auditory signs. Unlike in<br>LABYRINTHITIS and VESTIBULAR NEURONITIS, inflammation in the ear<br>is not observed.",""],["Malformations of Cortical Development, Group III",309,0.0,"D065704","C10.500.507.500",3,"Description: Cortical malformations secondary to abnormal<br>cortical maturation after CELL MIGRATION in NEUROGENESIS. This<br>group includes injury to the cortex during later stages of<br>cortical development such as POLYMICROGYRIA and focal cortical<br>dysplasias.",""],["Brain Diseases",1744269,7.4,"D001927","C10.228.140",410,"Description: Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is<br>composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS;<br>HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.",""],["Central Nervous System Infections",187328,0.8,"D002494","C10.228.228",94,"Description: Pathogenic infections of the brain, spinal cord, and<br>meninges. DNA VIRUS INFECTIONS; RNA VIRUS INFECTIONS; BACTERIAL<br>INFECTIONS; MYCOPLASMA INFECTIONS; SPIROCHAETALES INFECTIONS;<br>fungal infections; PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS; HELMINTHIASIS; and PRION<br>DISEASES may involve the central nervous system as a primary or<br>secondary process.",""],["Encephalitis",52986,0.2,"D004660","C10.586.250",21,"Description: Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection,<br>autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral<br>infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent<br>cause of this condition.",""],["Peripheral Nervous System Diseases",186367,0.8,"D010523","C10.668.829",79,"Description: Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the<br>brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve<br>roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and<br>motor nerves.",""],["Craniocerebral Trauma",187544,0.8,"D006259","C10.900.300",69,"Description: Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and<br>intracranial structures (i.e., BRAIN; CRANIAL NERVES; MENINGES;<br>and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or<br>not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs.<br>nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage.",""],["Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy",351,0.0,"D000070627","C10.574.250",0,"Description: Degenerative brain disease linked to repetitive<br>brain trauma. Progressive symptoms may include MEMORY LOSS;<br>AGGRESSION; or DEPRESSION.",""],["Hyperekplexia",48,0.0,"D000071017","C10.228.590",0,"Description: A neurological disorder characterized by an<br>excessive startle reaction with ABNORMAL REFLEX; MYOCLONIC<br>JERKS; and MUSCLE HYPERTONIA.",""],["Movement Disorders",160383,0.7,"D009069","C10.228.662",28,"Description: Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal<br>manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category<br>are degenerative, hereditary, post-infectious, medication-<br>induced, post-inflammatory, and post-traumatic conditions.",""],["Dyskinesias",57387,0.2,"D020820","C10.597.350",20,"Description: Abnormal involuntary movements which primarily<br>affect the extremities, trunk, or jaw that occur as a<br>manifestation of an underlying disease process. Conditions which<br>feature recurrent or persistent episodes of dyskinesia as a<br>primary manifestation of disease may be referred to as dyskinesia<br>syndromes (see MOVEMENT DISORDERS). Dyskinesias are also a<br>relatively common manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.",""],["Neurobehavioral Manifestations",269022,1.1,"D019954","C10.597.606",86,"Description: Signs and symptoms of higher cortical dysfunction<br>caused by organic conditions. These include certain behavioral<br>alterations and impairments of skills involved in the<br>acquisition, processing, and utilization of knowledge or<br>information.",""],["Bilateral Vestibulopathy",114,0.0,"D000071699","C10.597.057",0,"Description: Impairment of the vestibular function of both inner<br>ears which can cause difficulties with balance, gait, VERTIGO,<br>and visual blurring.",""],["Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System",2893,0.0,"D020268","C10.720.112",5,"Description: Acute and chronic neurologic disorders associated<br>with the various neurologic effects of ETHANOL. Primary sites of<br>injury include the brain and peripheral nerves.",""],["Neurolymphomatosis",74,0.0,"D000077162","C10.551.568",0,"Description: Infiltration of the nervous system by malignant<br>lymphoma cells.",""],["Optic Nerve Diseases",31669,0.1,"D009901","C10.292.700",15,"Description: Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of<br>the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered<br>a component of the central nervous system. Damage to optic nerve<br>fibers may occur at or near their origin in the retina, at the<br>optic disk, or in the nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, or<br>lateral geniculate nuclei. Clinical manifestations may include<br>decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, impaired color<br>vision, and an afferent pupillary defect.",""],["Optic Nerve Hypoplasia",244,0.0,"D000080344","C10.500.760",1,"Description: A group of rare genetic disorders characterized by<br>underdeveloped OPTIC NERVES, resulting in increased incidences of<br>vision impairment, CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS and STRABISMUS. It may be<br>syndromic, and is often associated with CNS malformations.",""],["Paralysis",64841,0.3,"D010243","C10.597.622",14,"Description: A general term most often used to describe severe or<br>complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from<br>the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term<br>may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)",""],["Locked-In Syndrome",34,0.0,"D000080422","C10.668.416",0,"Description: Acquired neuromuscular disorder characterized by<br>complete paralysis of voluntary muscles and lower CRANIAL NERVES<br>except for limited voluntary eye movements. It is due to various<br>cerebrospinal disconnections at or near the PONS and the<br>POSTERIOR CRANIAL FOSSA, typically secondary to pontine<br>hemorrhage or infarct. Because cognitive function is intact it is<br>sometimes referred to as a pseudocoma state.",""],["Central Nervous System Neoplasms",222128,0.9,"D016543","C10.551.240",22,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise<br>from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges.",""],["Synucleinopathies",82420,0.3,"D000080874","C10.574.928",3,"Description: Neurodegenerative disorders involving deposition of<br>abnormal ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN in dopaminergic neurons and glial cells<br>in the brain. Pathological aggregations of alpha-synuclein<br>proteins results in LEWY BODIES and Lewy neurites; melanin<br>granules in the SUBSTANTIA NIGRA and LOCUS COERULEUS; and glial<br>cytoplasmic inclusions. Synucleinopathies are associated with<br>mutation in the ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN (SNCA) gene on chromosome 4.<br>PARKINSON DISEASE; LEWY BODY DISEASE with dementia; and MULTIPLE<br>SYSTEM ATROPHY are prominent examples of synucleinopathy.",""],["Cranial Nerve Injuries",6846,0.0,"D020209","C10.292.200",17,"Description: Dysfunction of one or more cranial nerves causally<br>related to a traumatic injury. Penetrating and nonpenetrating<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; NECK INJURIES; and trauma to the facial<br>region are conditions associated with cranial nerve injuries.",""],["Facial Nerve Diseases",16752,0.1,"D005155","C10.292.319",12,"Description: Diseases of the facial nerve or nuclei. Pontine<br>disorders may affect the facial nuclei or nerve fascicle. The<br>nerve may be involved intracranially, along its course through<br>the petrous portion of the temporal bone, or along its<br>extracranial course. Clinical manifestations include facial<br>muscle weakness, loss of taste from the anterior tongue,<br>hyperacusis, and decreased lacrimation.",""],["Muscular Diseases",99520,0.4,"D009135","C10.668.491",39,"Description: Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of<br>SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.",""],["Cerebral Cortical Thinning",30,0.0,"D000082643","C10.597.210",0,"Description: Decrease in CEREBRAL CORTICAL THICKNESS.",""],["Sensation Disorders",175242,0.7,"D012678","C10.597.751",45,"Description: Disorders of the special senses (i.e., VISION;<br>HEARING; TASTE; and SMELL) or somatosensory system (i.e.,<br>afferent components of the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM).",""],["Tauopathies",109439,0.5,"D024801","C10.574.945",4,"Description: Neurodegenerative disorders involving deposition of<br>abnormal tau protein isoforms (TAU PROTEINS) in neurons and glial<br>cells in the brain. Pathological aggregations of tau proteins are<br>associated with mutation of the tau gene on chromosome 17 in<br>patients with ALZHEIMER DISEASE; DEMENTIA; PARKINSONIAN<br>DISORDERS; progressive supranuclear palsy (SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY,<br>PROGRESSIVE); and corticobasal degeneration.",""],["Seizures",52890,0.2,"D012640","C10.597.742",5,"Description: Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical<br>function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized<br>discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include<br>abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures<br>are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or \"seizure disorder.\"",""],["Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases",10256,0.0,"D000160","C10.292.910",5,"Description: Pathological processes of the VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR<br>NERVE, including the branches of COCHLEAR NERVE and VESTIBULAR<br>NERVE. Common examples are VESTIBULAR NEURITIS, cochlear<br>neuritis, and ACOUSTIC NEUROMA. Clinical signs are varying degree<br>of HEARING LOSS; VERTIGO; and TINNITUS.",""],["Heavy Metal Poisoning, Nervous System",4908,0.0,"D020260","C10.720.475",7,"Description: Conditions associated with damage or dysfunction of<br>the nervous system caused by exposure to heavy metals, which may<br>cause a variety of central, peripheral, or autonomic nervous<br>system injuries.",""],["Adie Syndrome",309,0.0,"D000270","C10.177.045",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by a TONIC PUPIL that<br>occurs in combination with decreased lower extremity reflexes.<br>The affected pupil will respond more briskly to accommodation<br>than to light (light-near dissociation) and is supersensitive to<br>dilute pilocarpine eye drops, which induce pupillary<br>constriction. Pathologic features include degeneration of the<br>ciliary ganglion and postganglionic parasympathetic fibers that<br>innervate the pupillary constrictor muscle. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p279)",""],["Ocular Motility Disorders",39936,0.2,"D015835","C10.292.562",17,"Description: Disorders that feature impairment of eye movements<br>as a primary manifestation of disease. These conditions may be<br>divided into infranuclear, nuclear, and supranuclear disorders.<br>Diseases of the eye muscles or oculomotor cranial nerves (III,<br>IV, and VI) are considered infranuclear. Nuclear disorders are<br>caused by disease of the oculomotor, trochlear, or abducens<br>nuclei in the BRAIN STEM. Supranuclear disorders are produced by<br>dysfunction of higher order sensory and motor systems that<br>control eye movements, including neural networks in the CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX; BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; and BRAIN STEM. Ocular<br>torticollis refers to a head tilt that is caused by an ocular<br>misalignment. Opsoclonus refers to rapid, conjugate oscillations<br>of the eyes in multiple directions, which may occur as a<br>parainfectious or paraneoplastic condition (e.g., OPSOCLONUS-<br>MYOCLONUS SYNDROME). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p240)",""],["Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases",5502,0.0,"D020279","C10.314.400",6,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by a loss of<br>MYELIN in the central nervous system.",""],["Spinal Cord Diseases",146568,0.6,"D013118","C10.228.854",30,"Description: Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD<br>damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges<br>and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic<br>injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and<br>inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord.",""],["Motor Neuron Disease",33983,0.1,"D016472","C10.574.562",5,"Description: Diseases characterized by a selective degeneration<br>of the motor neurons of the spinal cord, brainstem, or motor<br>cortex. Clinical subtypes are distinguished by the major site of<br>degeneration. In AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS there is<br>involvement of upper, lower, and brainstem motor neurons. In<br>progressive muscular atrophy and related syndromes (see MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHY, SPINAL) the motor neurons in the spinal cord are<br>primarily affected. With progressive bulbar palsy (BULBAR PALSY,<br>PROGRESSIVE), the initial degeneration occurs in the brainstem.<br>In primary lateral sclerosis, the cortical neurons are affected<br>in isolation. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1089)",""],["TDP-43 Proteinopathies",28282,0.1,"D057177","C10.574.950",4,"Description: Diseases characterized by the presence of abnormally<br>phosphorylated, ubiquitinated, and cleaved DNA-binding protein<br>TDP-43 in affected brain and spinal cord. Inclusions of the<br>pathologic protein in neurons and glia, without the presence of<br>AMYLOID, is the major feature of these conditions, thus making<br>these proteinopathies distinct from most other neurogenerative<br>disorders in which protein misfolding leads to brain amyloidosis.<br>Both frontotemporal lobar degeneration and AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL<br>SCLEROSIS exhibit this common method of pathogenesis and thus<br>they may represent two extremes of a continuous<br>clinicopathological spectrum of one disease.",""],["Motor Neuron Disease",33983,0.1,"D016472","C10.668.467",5,"Description: Diseases characterized by a selective degeneration<br>of the motor neurons of the spinal cord, brainstem, or motor<br>cortex. Clinical subtypes are distinguished by the major site of<br>degeneration. In AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS there is<br>involvement of upper, lower, and brainstem motor neurons. In<br>progressive muscular atrophy and related syndromes (see MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHY, SPINAL) the motor neurons in the spinal cord are<br>primarily affected. With progressive bulbar palsy (BULBAR PALSY,<br>PROGRESSIVE), the initial degeneration occurs in the brainstem.<br>In primary lateral sclerosis, the cortical neurons are affected<br>in isolation. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1089)",""],["Neural Tube Defects",28888,0.1,"D009436","C10.500.680",9,"Description: Congenital malformations of the central nervous<br>system and adjacent structures related to defective neural tube<br>closure during the first trimester of pregnancy generally<br>occurring between days 18-29 of gestation. Ectodermal and<br>mesodermal malformations (mainly involving the skull and<br>vertebrae) may occur as a result of defects of neural tube<br>closure. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, pp31-41)",""],["Voice Disorders",8756,0.0,"D014832","C10.597.975",3,"Description: Pathological processes that affect voice production,<br>usually involving VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA. Voice<br>disorders can be caused by organic (anatomical), or functional<br>(emotional or psychological) factors leading to DYSPHONIA;<br>APHONIA; and defects in VOICE QUALITY, loudness, and pitch.",""],["Meningitis",56520,0.2,"D008581","C10.586.625",16,"Description: Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or<br>spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA<br>MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most<br>common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage<br>(HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical<br>MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions<br>(CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may<br>produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994,<br>Ch24, p6)",""],["Ataxia Telangiectasia",2573,0.0,"D001260","C10.562.100",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder<br>characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood,<br>progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and<br>SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and<br>RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are<br>prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections,<br>lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-<br>FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes<br>a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to<br>chromosome 11 (11q22-q23).",""],["Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic",6160,0.0,"D001750","C10.597.900",0,"Description: Dysfunction of the URINARY BLADDER due to disease of<br>the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the<br>control of URINATION. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL<br>NERVE DISEASES.",""],["Neuromuscular Junction Diseases",20114,0.1,"D020511","C10.668.758",6,"Description: Conditions characterized by impaired transmission of<br>impulses at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. This may result from<br>disorders that affect receptor function, pre- or postsynaptic<br>membrane function, or ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE activity. The majority<br>of diseases in this category are associated with autoimmune,<br>toxic, or inherited conditions.",""],["Botulism",3071,0.0,"D001906","C10.720.150",0,"Description: A disease caused by potent protein NEUROTOXINS<br>produced by CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM which interfere with the<br>presynaptic release of ACETYLCHOLINE at the NEUROMUSCULAR<br>JUNCTION. Clinical features include abdominal pain, vomiting,<br>acute PARALYSIS (including respiratory paralysis), blurred<br>vision, and DIPLOPIA. Botulism may be classified into several<br>subtypes (e.g., food-borne, infant, wound, and others). (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1208)",""],["Dyssomnias",80783,0.3,"D020920","C10.886.425",17,"Description: A broad category of sleep disorders characterized by<br>either hypersomnolence or insomnia. The three major subcategories<br>include intrinsic (i.e., arising from within the body) (SLEEP<br>DISORDERS, INTRINSIC), extrinsic (secondary to environmental<br>conditions or various pathologic conditions), and disturbances of<br>circadian rhythm. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994,<br>p187)",""],["Complex Regional Pain Syndromes",5953,0.0,"D020918","C10.177.195",2,"Description: Conditions characterized by pain involving an<br>extremity or other body region, HYPERESTHESIA, and localized<br>autonomic dysfunction following injury to soft tissue or nerve.<br>The pain is usually associated with ERYTHEMA; SKIN TEMPERATURE<br>changes, abnormal sudomotor activity (i.e., changes in sweating<br>due to altered sympathetic innervation) or edema. The degree of<br>pain and other manifestations is out of proportion to that<br>expected from the inciting event. Two subtypes of this condition<br>have been described: type I; (REFLEX SYMPATHETIC DYSTROPHY) and<br>type II; (CAUSALGIA). (From Pain 1995 Oct;63(1):127-33)",""],["Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System",82081,0.3,"D020271","C10.574.500",40,"Description: Inherited disorders characterized by progressive<br>atrophy and dysfunction of anatomically or physiologically<br>related neurologic systems.",""],["Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations",14544,0.1,"D020785","C10.500.190",5,"Description: Congenital, inherited, or acquired abnormalities<br>involving ARTERIES; VEINS; or venous sinuses in the BRAIN; SPINAL<br>CORD; and MENINGES.",""],["Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS",86320,0.4,"D020278","C10.114.375",10,"Description: Conditions characterized by loss or dysfunction of<br>myelin (see MYELIN SHEATH) in the brain, spinal cord, or optic<br>nerves secondary to autoimmune mediated processes. This may take<br>the form of a humoral or cellular immune response directed toward<br>myelin or OLIGODENDROGLIA associated autoantigens.",""],["Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS",97308,0.4,"D020278","C10.314.350",11,"Description: Conditions characterized by loss or dysfunction of<br>myelin (see MYELIN SHEATH) in the brain, spinal cord, or optic<br>nerves secondary to autoimmune mediated processes. This may take<br>the form of a humoral or cellular immune response directed toward<br>myelin or OLIGODENDROGLIA associated autoantigens.",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak",4061,0.0,"D065634","C10.597.114",2,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through a hole<br>through the skull bone most commonly draining from the nose<br>(CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA) or the ear (CEREBROSPINAL FLUID<br>OTORRHEA).",""],["Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy",8134,0.0,"D015417","C10.500.300",5,"Description: A group of slowly progressive inherited disorders<br>affecting motor and sensory peripheral nerves. Subtypes include<br>HMSNs I-VII. HMSN I and II both refer to CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH<br>DISEASE. HMSN III refers to hypertrophic neuropathy of infancy.<br>HMSN IV refers to REFSUM DISEASE. HMSN V refers to a condition<br>marked by a hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated<br>with spastic paraplegia (see SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA, HEREDITARY).<br>HMSN VI refers to HMSN associated with an inherited optic atrophy<br>(OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY), and HMSN VII refers to HMSN<br>associated with retinitis pigmentosa. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Cranial Nerve Neoplasms",13710,0.1,"D003390","C10.292.225",4,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from one<br>or more of the twelve cranial nerves.",""],["Cranial Nerve Neoplasms",5191,0.0,"D003390","C10.551.360",2,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from one<br>or more of the twelve cranial nerves.",""],["Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms",15721,0.1,"D010524","C10.551.775",7,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from peripheral nerve tissue.<br>This includes NEUROFIBROMAS; SCHWANNOMAS; GRANULAR CELL TUMORS;<br>and malignant peripheral NERVE SHEATH NEOPLASMS. (From DeVita Jr<br>et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed,<br>pp1750-1)",""],["Dandy-Walker Syndrome",809,0.0,"D003616","C10.500.205",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality of the central nervous<br>system marked by failure of the midline structures of the<br>cerebellum to develop, dilation of the fourth ventricle, and<br>upward displacement of the transverse sinuses, tentorium, and<br>torcula. Clinical features include occipital bossing, progressive<br>head enlargement, bulging of anterior fontanelle, papilledema,<br>ataxia, gait disturbances, nystagmus, and intellectual<br>compromise. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>pp294-5)",""],["Decerebrate State",1207,0.0,"D003655","C10.597.305",0,"Description: A condition characterized by abnormal posturing of<br>the limbs that is associated with injury to the brainstem. This<br>may occur as a clinical manifestation or induced experimentally<br>in animals. The extensor reflexes are exaggerated leading to<br>rigid extension of the limbs accompanied by hyperreflexia and<br>opisthotonus. This condition is usually caused by lesions which<br>occur in the region of the brainstem that lies between the red<br>nuclei and the vestibular nuclei. In contrast, decorticate<br>rigidity is characterized by flexion of the elbows and wrists<br>with extension of the legs and feet. The causative lesion for<br>this condition is located above the red nuclei and usually<br>consists of diffuse cerebral damage. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p358)",""],["Primary Dysautonomias",13224,0.1,"D054969","C10.177.575",11,"Description: Disorders of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM occurring<br>as a primary condition. Manifestations can involve any or all<br>body systems but commonly affect the BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART<br>RATE.",""],["Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies",1814,0.0,"D009477","C10.500.250",1,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>degeneration of dorsal root and autonomic ganglion cells, and<br>clinically by loss of sensation and autonomic dysfunction. There<br>are five subtypes. Type I features autosomal dominant inheritance<br>and distal sensory involvement. Type II is characterized by<br>autosomal inheritance and distal and proximal sensory loss. Type<br>III is DYSAUTONOMIA, FAMILIAL. Type IV features insensitivity to<br>pain, heat intolerance, and mental deficiency. Type V is<br>characterized by a selective loss of pain with intact light touch<br>and vibratory sensation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995,<br>Ch51, pp142-4)",""],["Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced",5568,0.0,"D004409","C10.720.312",0,"Description: Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS;<br>HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of<br>certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck,<br>and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia<br>refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the<br>face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic<br>agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)",""],["Encephalomyelitis",12185,0.1,"D004679","C10.586.500",5,"Description: A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN<br>and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infectious process,<br>but also applicable to a variety of autoimmune and toxic-<br>metabolic conditions. There is significant overlap regarding the<br>usage of this term and ENCEPHALITIS in the literature.",""],["Nervous System Autoimmune Disease, Experimental",12061,0.1,"D020721","C10.114.703",3,"Description: Experimental animal models for human AUTOIMMUNE<br>DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. They include GUILLAIN-BARRE<br>SYNDROME (see NEURITIS, AUTOIMMUNE, EXPERIMENTAL); MYASTHENIA<br>GRAVIS (see MYASTHENIA GRAVIS, AUTOIMMUNE, EXPERIMENTAL); and<br>MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (see ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, AUTOIMMUNE,<br>EXPERIMENTAL).",""],["Neuromuscular Manifestations",43930,0.2,"D020879","C10.597.613",15,"Description: Signs and symptoms associated with diseases of the<br>muscle, neuromuscular junction, or peripheral nerves.",""],["High Pressure Neurological Syndrome",114,0.0,"D006610","C10.228.566",0,"Description: A syndrome related to increased atmospheric pressure<br>and characterized by tremors, nausea, dizziness, decreased motor<br>and mental performance, and SEIZURES. This condition may occur in<br>those who dive deeply (c. 1000 ft) usually while breathing a<br>mixture of oxygen and helium. The condition is associated with a<br>neuroexcitatory effect of helium.",""],["von Hippel-Lindau Disease",2255,0.0,"D006623","C10.562.925",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations<br>in a tumor suppressor gene. This syndrome is characterized by<br>abnormal growth of small blood vessels leading to a host of<br>neoplasms. They include HEMANGIOBLASTOMA in the RETINA;<br>CEREBELLUM; and SPINAL CORD; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; pancreatic tumors;<br>and renal cell carcinoma (see CARCINOMA, RENAL CELL). Common<br>clinical signs include HYPERTENSION and neurological<br>dysfunctions.",""],["Horner Syndrome",1598,0.0,"D006732","C10.177.350",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with defective sympathetic<br>innervation to one side of the face, including the eye. Clinical<br>features include MIOSIS; mild BLEPHAROPTOSIS; and hemifacial<br>ANHIDROSIS (decreased sweating)(see HYPOHIDROSIS). Lesions of the<br>BRAIN STEM; cervical SPINAL CORD; first thoracic nerve root; apex<br>of the LUNG; CAROTID ARTERY; CAVERNOUS SINUS; and apex of the<br>ORBIT may cause this condition. (From Miller et al., Clinical<br>Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp500-11)",""],["Pupil Disorders",3292,0.0,"D011681","C10.597.690",4,"Description: Conditions which affect the structure or function of<br>the pupil of the eye, including disorders of innervation to the<br>pupillary constrictor or dilator muscles, and disorders of<br>pupillary reflexes.",""],["Hydranencephaly",345,0.0,"D006832","C10.500.450",0,"Description: A congenital condition where the greater portions of<br>the cerebral hemispheres and CORPUS STRIATUM are replaced by CSF<br>and glial tissue. The meninges and the skull are well formed,<br>which is consistent with earlier normal embryogenesis of the<br>telencephalon. Bilateral occlusions of the internal carotid<br>arteries in utero is a potential mechanism. Clinical features<br>include intact brainstem reflexes without evidence of higher<br>cortical activity. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>p307)",""],["Prion Diseases",11190,0.0,"D017096","C10.574.843",6,"Description: A group of genetic, infectious, or sporadic<br>degenerative human and animal nervous system disorders associated<br>with abnormal PRIONS. These diseases are characterized by<br>conversion of the normal prion protein to an abnormal<br>configuration via a post-translational process. In humans, these<br>conditions generally feature DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and a fatal<br>outcome. Pathologic features include a spongiform encephalopathy<br>without evidence of inflammation. The older literature<br>occasionally refers to these as unconventional SLOW VIRUS<br>DISEASES. (From Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998 Nov<br>10;95(23):13363-83)",""],["Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal",3181,0.0,"D007968","C10.314.450",0,"Description: An opportunistic viral infection of the central<br>nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-<br>mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and<br>other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS;<br>IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism<br>is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects<br>oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination.<br>Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual<br>disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally<br>progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt,<br>Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)",""],["Meningism",170,0.0,"D008580","C10.597.544",0,"Description: A condition characterized by neck stiffness,<br>headache, and other symptoms suggestive of meningeal irritation,<br>but without actual inflammation of the meninges (MENINGITIS).<br>Spinal fluid pressure may be elevated but spinal fluid is normal.<br>(DeJong, The Neurologic Examination, 4th ed, p673)",""],["Malformations of Cortical Development",13834,0.1,"D054220","C10.500.507",16,"Description: Abnormalities in the development of the CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX. These include malformations arising from abnormal<br>neuronal and glial CELL PROLIFERATION or APOPTOSIS (Group I);<br>abnormal neuronal migration (Group II); and abnormal<br>establishment of cortical organization (Group III). Many INBORN<br>METABOLIC BRAIN DISORDERS affecting CNS formation are often<br>associated with cortical malformations. They are common causes of<br>EPILEPSY and developmental delay.",""],["Myasthenia Gravis",16077,0.1,"D009157","C10.114.656",3,"Description: A disorder of neuromuscular transmission<br>characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal<br>muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or<br>muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies.<br>Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness<br>(fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia;<br>ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable<br>weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb<br>muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles<br>(ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this<br>condition.",""],["Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System",22063,0.1,"D020361","C10.574.781",8,"Description: Degenerative or inflammatory conditions affecting<br>the central or peripheral nervous system that develop in<br>association with a systemic neoplasm without direct invasion by<br>tumor. They may be associated with circulating antibodies that<br>react with the affected neural tissue. (Intern Med 1996<br>Dec;35(12):925-9)",""],["Myelitis",26388,0.1,"D009187","C10.586.750",5,"Description: Inflammation of the spinal cord. Relatively common<br>etiologies include infections; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES; SPINAL CORD;<br>and ischemia (see also SPINAL CORD VASCULAR DISEASES). Clinical<br>features generally include weakness, sensory loss, localized<br>pain, incontinence, and other signs of autonomic dysfunction.",""],["Neurofibromatoses",12989,0.1,"D017253","C10.562.600",2,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by an autosomal<br>dominant pattern of inheritance with high rates of spontaneous<br>mutation and multiple neurofibromas or neurilemmomas.<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 (generalized neurofibromatosis) accounts for<br>approximately 95% of cases, although multiple additional subtypes<br>(e.g., NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2, neurofibromatosis 3, etc.) have been<br>described. (From Neurochirurgie 1998 Nov;44(4):267-72)",""],["Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome",2142,0.0,"D009459","C10.720.737",0,"Description: A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily<br>with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS)<br>which are in turn associated with dopaminergic receptor blockade<br>(see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) in the BASAL GANGLIA and HYPOTHALAMUS,<br>and sympathetic dysregulation. Clinical features include diffuse<br>MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; high FEVER; diaphoresis; labile blood<br>pressure; cognitive dysfunction; and autonomic disturbances.<br>Serum CPK level elevation and a leukocytosis may also be present.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199;<br>Psychiatr Serv 1998 Sep;49(9):1163-72)",""],["Paresis",5484,0.0,"D010291","C10.597.636",2,"Description: A general term referring to a mild to moderate<br>degree of muscular weakness, occasionally used as a synonym for<br>PARALYSIS (severe or complete loss of motor function). In the<br>older literature, paresis often referred specifically to paretic<br>neurosyphilis (see NEUROSYPHILIS). \"General paresis\" and \"general<br>paralysis\" may still carry that connotation. Bilateral lower<br>extremity paresis is referred to as PARAPARESIS.",""],["Pneumocephalus",1515,0.0,"D011007","C10.228.806",0,"Description: Presence of air or gas within the intracranial<br>cavity (e.g., epidural space, subdural space, intracerebral,<br>etc.) which may result from traumatic injuries, fistulous tract<br>formation, erosions of the skull from NEOPLASMS or infection,<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES, and other conditions.",""],["Poliomyelitis",20433,0.1,"D011051","C10.668.864",2,"Description: An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly<br>children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus<br>(POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the<br>gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often<br>asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal<br>cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis,<br>coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are<br>primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus<br>replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant<br>neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related<br>condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from<br>infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)",""],["Polyradiculoneuropathy",11884,0.1,"D011129","C10.114.750",3,"Description: Diseases characterized by injury or dysfunction<br>involving multiple peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process<br>may primarily affect myelin or nerve axons. Two of the more<br>common demyelinating forms are acute inflammatory<br>polyradiculopathy (GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME) and<br>POLYRADICULONEUROPATHY, CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING.<br>Polyradiculoneuritis refers to inflammation of multiple<br>peripheral nerves and spinal nerve roots.",""],["Polyradiculoneuropathy",11884,0.1,"D011129","C10.314.750",3,"Description: Diseases characterized by injury or dysfunction<br>involving multiple peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process<br>may primarily affect myelin or nerve axons. Two of the more<br>common demyelinating forms are acute inflammatory<br>polyradiculopathy (GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME) and<br>POLYRADICULONEUROPATHY, CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING.<br>Polyradiculoneuritis refers to inflammation of multiple<br>peripheral nerves and spinal nerve roots.",""],["Reflex, Abnormal",2347,0.0,"D012021","C10.597.704",0,"Description: An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the<br>sensory components of the nervous system. This may take the form<br>of increased, decreased, or absent reflexes.",""],["Parasomnias",9223,0.0,"D020447","C10.886.659",11,"Description: Movements or behaviors associated with sleep, sleep<br>stages, or partial arousals from sleep that may impair sleep<br>maintenance. Parasomnias are generally divided into four groups:<br>arousal disorders, sleep-wake transition disorders, parasomnias<br>of REM sleep, and nonspecific parasomnias. (From Thorpy, Sleep<br>Disorders Medicine, 1994, p191)",""],["Spinal Cord Injuries",42061,0.2,"D013119","C10.900.850",2,"Description: Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the<br>spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g.,<br>WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).",""],["Sturge-Weber Syndrome",1308,0.0,"D013341","C10.562.800",0,"Description: A non-inherited congenital condition with vascular<br>and neurological abnormalities. It is characterized by facial<br>vascular nevi (PORT-WINE STAIN), and capillary angiomatosis of<br>intracranial membranes (MENINGES; CHOROID). Neurological features<br>include EPILEPSY; cognitive deficits; GLAUCOMA; and visual<br>defects.",""],["Sweating, Gustatory",543,0.0,"D013547","C10.177.825",0,"Description: An autonomic disorder characterized by excessive<br>sweating of the forehead, upper lip, perioral region, or sternum<br>subsequent to gustatory stimuli. The auriculotemporal syndrome<br>features facial flushing or sweating limited to the distribution<br>of the auriculotemporal nerve and may develop after trauma to the<br>parotid gland, in association with PAROTID NEOPLASMS, or<br>following their surgical removal. (From Ann Neurol 1997<br>Dec;42(6):973-5)",""],["Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",9619,0.0,"D020293","C10.114.875",3,"Description: Inflammation of blood vessels within the central<br>nervous system. Primary vasculitis is usually caused by<br>autoimmune or idiopathic factors, while secondary vasculitis is<br>caused by existing disease process. Clinical manifestations are<br>highly variable but include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; behavioral<br>alterations; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;<br>and BRAIN INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp856-61)",""],["Tuberous Sclerosis",6221,0.0,"D014402","C10.562.850",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome<br>classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and<br>skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules).<br>There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic<br>manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and<br>HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart,<br>kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that<br>encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with<br>the disease.",""],["Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome",1368,0.0,"D014607","C10.114.843",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by bilateral granulomatous<br>UVEITIS with IRITIS and secondary GLAUCOMA, premature ALOPECIA,<br>symmetrical VITILIGO, poliosis circumscripta (a strand of<br>depigmented hair), HEARING DISORDERS, and meningeal signs (neck<br>stiffness and headache). Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid<br>reveals a pattern consistent with MENINGITIS, ASEPTIC. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p748; Surv Ophthalmol 1995<br>Jan;39(4):265-292)",""],["Vertigo",8205,0.0,"D014717","C10.597.951",1,"Description: An illusion of movement, either of the external<br>world revolving around the individual or of the individual<br>revolving in space. Vertigo may be associated with disorders of<br>the inner ear (EAR, INNER); VESTIBULAR NERVE; BRAINSTEM; or<br>CEREBRAL CORTEX. Lesions in the TEMPORAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE<br>may be associated with FOCAL SEIZURES that may feature vertigo as<br>an ictal manifestation. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp300-1)",""],["Vagus Nerve Diseases",6145,0.0,"D020421","C10.292.887",2,"Description: Diseases of the tenth cranial nerve, including brain<br>stem lesions involving its nuclei (solitary, ambiguus, and dorsal<br>motor), nerve fascicles, and intracranial and extracranial<br>course. Clinical manifestations may include dysphagia, vocal cord<br>weakness, and alterations of parasympathetic tone in the thorax<br>and abdomen.",""],["Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic",6457,0.0,"D015673","C10.668.364",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent<br>fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, and<br>subjective cognitive impairment of 6 months duration or longer.<br>Symptoms are not caused by ongoing exertion; are not relieved by<br>rest; and result in a substantial reduction of previous levels of<br>occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Minor<br>alterations of immune, neuroendocrine, and autonomic function may<br>be associated with this syndrome. There is also considerable<br>overlap between this condition and FIBROMYALGIA. (From Semin<br>Neurol 1998;18(2):237-42; Ann Intern Med 1994 Dec 15;121(12):<br>953-9)",""],["Ocular Motility Disorders",4090,0.0,"D015835","C10.228.758",1,"Description: Disorders that feature impairment of eye movements<br>as a primary manifestation of disease. These conditions may be<br>divided into infranuclear, nuclear, and supranuclear disorders.<br>Diseases of the eye muscles or oculomotor cranial nerves (III,<br>IV, and VI) are considered infranuclear. Nuclear disorders are<br>caused by disease of the oculomotor, trochlear, or abducens<br>nuclei in the BRAIN STEM. Supranuclear disorders are produced by<br>dysfunction of higher order sensory and motor systems that<br>control eye movements, including neural networks in the CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX; BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; and BRAIN STEM. Ocular<br>torticollis refers to a head tilt that is caused by an ocular<br>misalignment. Opsoclonus refers to rapid, conjugate oscillations<br>of the eyes in multiple directions, which may occur as a<br>parainfectious or paraneoplastic condition (e.g., OPSOCLONUS-<br>MYOCLONUS SYNDROME). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p240)",""],["Central Nervous System Cysts",4065,0.0,"D020863","C10.500.142",2,"Description: Congenital or acquired cysts of the brain, spinal<br>cord, or meninges which may remain stable in size or undergo<br>progressive enlargement.",""],["Agenesis of Corpus Callosum",3251,0.0,"D061085","C10.500.034",4,"Description: Birth defect that results in a partial or complete<br>absence of the CORPUS CALLOSUM. It may be isolated or a part of a<br>syndrome (e.g., AICARDI'S SYNDROME; ACROCALLOSAL SYNDROME;<br>ANDERMANN SYNDROME; and HOLOPROSENCEPHALY). Clinical<br>manifestations include neuromotor skill impairment and<br>INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY of variable severity.",""],["Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome",914,0.0,"D016262","C10.574.827",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular<br>symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability<br>has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic<br>poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness<br>and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and<br>muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint<br>pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow<br>progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci<br>1995 May 25;753:68-80)",""],["Stiff-Person Syndrome",836,0.0,"D016750","C10.114.812",0,"Description: A condition characterized by persistent spasms<br>(SPASM) involving multiple muscles, primarily in the lower limbs<br>and trunk. The illness tends to occur in the fourth to sixth<br>decade of life, presenting with intermittent spasms that become<br>continuous. Minor sensory stimuli, such as noise and light touch,<br>precipitate severe spasms. Spasms do not occur during sleep and<br>only rarely involve cranial muscles. Respiration may become<br>impaired in advanced cases. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1492; Neurology 1998 Jul;51(1):85-93)",""],["Stiff-Person Syndrome",836,0.0,"D016750","C10.668.900",0,"Description: A condition characterized by persistent spasms<br>(SPASM) involving multiple muscles, primarily in the lower limbs<br>and trunk. The illness tends to occur in the fourth to sixth<br>decade of life, presenting with intermittent spasms that become<br>continuous. Minor sensory stimuli, such as noise and light touch,<br>precipitate severe spasms. Spasms do not occur during sleep and<br>only rarely involve cranial muscles. Respiration may become<br>impaired in advanced cases. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1492; Neurology 1998 Jul;51(1):85-93)",""],["Akathisia, Drug-Induced",902,0.0,"D017109","C10.720.075",0,"Description: A condition associated with the use of certain<br>medications and characterized by an internal sense of motor<br>restlessness often described as an inability to resist the urge<br>to move.",""],["Myelinolysis, Central Pontine",735,0.0,"D017590","C10.314.500",0,"Description: A demyelinating condition affecting the PONS and<br>characterized clinically by an acute progressive QUADRIPLEGIA;<br>DYSARTHRIA; DYSPHAGIA; and alterations of consciousness.<br>Pathologic features include prominent demyelination in the<br>central PONS with sparing of axons and neurons. This condition is<br>usually associated with systemic disorders such as HYPONATREMIA;<br>chronic ALCOHOLISM; LIVER FAILURE; severe BURNS; malignant<br>NEOPLASMS; hemorrhagic PANCREATITIS; HEMODIALYSIS; and SEPSIS.<br>The rapid medical correction of hyponatremia has been cited as a<br>cause of this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1125-6)",""],["Olfactory Nerve Diseases",900,0.0,"D020431","C10.292.650",2,"Description: Diseases of the first cranial (olfactory) nerve,<br>which usually feature anosmia or other alterations in the sense<br>of smell and taste. Anosmia may be associated with NEOPLASMS;<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INFECTIONS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA;<br>inherited conditions; toxins; METABOLIC DISEASES; tobacco abuse;<br>and other conditions. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp229-31)",""],["Neurogenic Inflammation",593,0.0,"D020078","C10.597.609",0,"Description: Inflammation caused by an injurious stimulus of<br>peripheral neurons and resulting in release of neuropeptides<br>which affect vascular permeability and help initiate<br>proinflammatory and immune reactions at the site of injury.",""],["Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm",1851,0.0,"D020178","C10.281.800",0,"Description: Dyssomnias associated with disruption of the normal<br>24 hour sleep wake cycle secondary to travel (e.g., JET LAG<br>SYNDROME), shift work, or other causes.",""],["Jet Lag Syndrome",358,0.0,"D020179","C10.281.440",0,"Description: A chronobiologic disorder resulting from rapid<br>travel across a number of time zones, characterized by insomnia<br>or hypersomnolence, fatigue, behavioral symptoms, headaches, and<br>gastrointestinal disturbances. (From Cooper, Sleep, 1994,<br>pp593-8)",""],["Autonomic Dysreflexia",499,0.0,"D020211","C10.177.090",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with damage to the spinal cord<br>above the mid thoracic level (see SPINAL CORD INJURIES)<br>characterized by a marked increase in the sympathetic response to<br>minor stimuli such as bladder or rectal distention.<br>Manifestations include HYPERTENSION; TACHYCARDIA (or reflex<br>bradycardia); FEVER; FLUSHING; and HYPERHIDROSIS. Extreme<br>hypertension may be associated with a STROKE. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp538 and 1232; J Spinal Cord<br>Med 1997;20(3):355-60)",""],["Cerebrovascular Trauma",7554,0.0,"D020214","C10.900.250",4,"Description: Penetrating and nonpenetrating traumatic injuries to<br>an extracranial or intracranial blood vessel that supplies the<br>brain. This includes the CAROTID ARTERIES; VERTEBRAL ARTERIES;<br>MENINGEAL ARTERIES; CEREBRAL ARTERIES; veins, and venous sinuses.",""],["Abducens Nerve Diseases",1178,0.0,"D020434","C10.292.150",1,"Description: Diseases of the sixth cranial (abducens) nerve or<br>its nucleus in the pons. The nerve may be injured along its<br>course in the pons, intracranially as it travels along the base<br>of the brain, in the cavernous sinus, or at the level of superior<br>orbital fissure or orbit. Dysfunction of the nerve causes lateral<br>rectus muscle weakness, resulting in horizontal diplopia that is<br>maximal when the affected eye is abducted and ESOTROPIA. Common<br>conditions associated with nerve injury include INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ISCHEMIA; and INFRATENTORIAL<br>NEOPLASMS.",""],["Gait Disorders, Neurologic",7130,0.0,"D020233","C10.597.404",2,"Description: Gait abnormalities that are a manifestation of<br>nervous system dysfunction. These conditions may be caused by a<br>wide variety of disorders which affect motor control, sensory<br>feedback, and muscle strength including: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM<br>DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR<br>DISEASES; or MUSCULAR DISEASES.",""],["MPTP Poisoning",1555,0.0,"D020267","C10.720.606",0,"Description: A condition caused by the neurotoxin MPTP which<br>causes selective destruction of nigrostriatal dopaminergic<br>neurons. Clinical features include irreversible parkinsonian<br>signs including rigidity and bradykinesia (PARKINSON DISEASE,<br>SECONDARY). MPTP toxicity is also used as an animal model for the<br>study of PARKINSON DISEASE. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1072; Neurology 1986 Feb;36(2):250-8)",""],["Trochlear Nerve Diseases",536,0.0,"D020432","C10.292.850",0,"Description: Diseases of the fourth cranial (trochlear) nerve or<br>its nucleus in the midbrain. The nerve crosses as it exits the<br>midbrain dorsally and may be injured along its course through the<br>intracranial space, cavernous sinus, superior orbital fissure, or<br>orbit. Clinical manifestations include weakness of the superior<br>oblique muscle which causes vertical DIPLOPIA that is maximal<br>when the affected eye is adducted and directed inferiorly. Head<br>tilt may be seen as a compensatory mechanism for diplopia and<br>rotation of the visual axis. Common etiologies include<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and INFRATENTORIAL NEOPLASMS.",""],["Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases",432,0.0,"D020435","C10.292.450",1,"Description: Diseases of the ninth cranial (glossopharyngeal)<br>nerve or its nuclei in the medulla. The nerve may be injured by<br>diseases affecting the lower brain stem, floor of the posterior<br>fossa, jugular foramen, or the nerve's extracranial course.<br>Clinical manifestations include loss of sensation from the<br>pharynx, decreased salivation, and syncope. Glossopharyngeal<br>neuralgia refers to a condition that features recurrent<br>unilateral sharp pain in the tongue, angle of the jaw, external<br>auditory meatus and throat that may be associated with SYNCOPE.<br>Episodes may be triggered by cough, sneeze, swallowing, or<br>pressure on the tragus of the ear. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1390)",""],["Accessory Nerve Diseases",314,0.0,"D020436","C10.292.175",1,"Description: Diseases of the eleventh cranial (spinal accessory)<br>nerve. This nerve originates from motor neurons in the lower<br>medulla (accessory portion of nerve) and upper spinal cord<br>(spinal portion of nerve). The two components of the nerve join<br>and exit the skull via the jugular foramen, innervating the<br>sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, which become weak or<br>paralyzed if the nerve is injured. The nerve is commonly involved<br>in MOTOR NEURON DISEASE, and may be injured by trauma to the<br>posterior triangle of the neck.",""],["Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases",626,0.0,"D020437","C10.292.525",1,"Description: Diseases of the twelfth cranial (hypoglossal) nerve<br>or nuclei. The nuclei and fascicles of the nerve are located in<br>the medulla, and the nerve exits the skull via the hypoglossal<br>foramen and innervates the muscles of the tongue. Lower brain<br>stem diseases, including ischemia and MOTOR NEURON DISEASES may<br>affect the nuclei or nerve fascicles. The nerve may also be<br>injured by diseases of the posterior fossa or skull base.<br>Clinical manifestations include unilateral weakness of tongue<br>musculature and lingual dysarthria, with deviation of the tongue<br>towards the side of weakness upon attempted protrusion.",""],["Subacute Combined Degeneration",213,0.0,"D052879","C10.314.875",0,"Description: A neuropathy due to VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY or to<br>excessive NITROUS OXIDE inhalation. It is associated with<br>overproduction of the myelinolytic TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA.",""],["Subacute Combined Degeneration",213,0.0,"D052879","C10.574.910",0,"Description: A neuropathy due to VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY or to<br>excessive NITROUS OXIDE inhalation. It is associated with<br>overproduction of the myelinolytic TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA.",""],["Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn",342,0.0,"D054000","C10.562.700",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by lesions occurring on the<br>face, scalp, or neck which consist of congenital hypoplastic<br>malformations of cutaneous structures and which over time undergo<br>verrucous hyperplasia. Additionally it is associated with<br>neurological symptoms and skeletal, ophthalmological, urogenital,<br>and cardiovascular abnormalities.",""],["Marchiafava-Bignami Disease",141,0.0,"D054319","C10.314.475",0,"Description: A neurodegenerative condition that is characterized<br>by demyelination or necrosis of the CORPUS CALLOSUM. Symptoms<br>include DEPRESSION; PARANOIA; DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; and ATAXIA<br>which can progress to COMA and death in a few months.<br>Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome is seen often in alcoholics but has<br>been found in non-alcoholics as well.",""],["Susac Syndrome",301,0.0,"D055955","C10.597.825",0,"Description: A rare disorder consisting of microangiopathy of<br>brain, retina, and inner ear ARTERIOLES. It is characterized by<br>the clinical triad of encephalopathy, BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY<br>OCCLUSION and VERTIGO/hearing loss.",""],["Smith-Magenis Syndrome",197,0.0,"D058496","C10.281.900",0,"Description: Complex neurobehavioral disorder characterized by<br>distinctive facial features (FACIES), developmental delay and<br>INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Behavioral phenotypes include sleep<br>disturbance, maladaptive, self-injurious and attention-seeking<br>behaviors. The sleep disturbance is linked to an abnormal<br>circadian secretion pattern of MELATONIN. The syndrome is<br>associated with de novo deletion or mutation and<br>HAPLOINSUFFICIENCY of the retinoic acid-induced 1 protein on<br>chromosome 17p11.2.",""],["Peripheral Nerve Injuries",5843,0.0,"D059348","C10.900.575",0,"Description: Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.",""],["Ophthalmoplegic Migraine",62,0.0,"D060486","C10.292.675",0,"Description: Childhood-onset of recurrent headaches with an<br>oculomotor cranial nerve palsy. Typically, ABDUCENS NERVE;<br>OCULOMOTOR NERVE; and TROCHLEAR NERVE are involved with DIPLOPIA<br>and BLEPHAROPTOSIS.",""],["Ophthalmoplegic Migraine",62,0.0,"D060486","C10.314.687",0,"Description: Childhood-onset of recurrent headaches with an<br>oculomotor cranial nerve palsy. Typically, ABDUCENS NERVE;<br>OCULOMOTOR NERVE; and TROCHLEAR NERVE are involved with DIPLOPIA<br>and BLEPHAROPTOSIS.",""],["Central Nervous System Diseases",2258363,9.6,"D002493","C10.228",571,"Description: Diseases of any component of the brain (including<br>the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and<br>cerebellum) or the spinal cord.",""],["Neuroinflammatory Diseases",148503,0.6,"D000090862","C10.586",51,"Description: Diseases characterized by inflammation of the<br>nervous tissue.",""],["Neuromuscular Diseases",376755,1.6,"D009468","C10.668",139,"Description: A general term encompassing lower MOTOR NEURON<br>DISEASE; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and certain MUSCULAR<br>DISEASES. Manifestations include MUSCLE WEAKNESS; FASCICULATION;<br>muscle ATROPHY; SPASM; MYOKYMIA; MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, myalgias, and<br>MUSCLE HYPOTONIA.",""],["Trauma, Nervous System",244004,1.0,"D020196","C10.900",79,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the brain, cranial nerves,<br>spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, or neuromuscular system,<br>including iatrogenic injuries induced by surgical procedures.",""],["Neurodegenerative Diseases",389249,1.6,"D019636","C10.574",80,"Description: Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are<br>characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These<br>disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected<br>central or peripheral nervous system structures.",""],["Neurologic Manifestations",714756,3.0,"D009461","C10.597",219,"Description: Clinical signs and symptoms caused by nervous system<br>injury or dysfunction.",""],["Neurotoxicity Syndromes",26705,0.1,"D020258","C10.720",19,"Description: Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic<br>substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application,<br>or other method. This includes conditions caused by biologic,<br>chemical, and pharmaceutical agents.",""],["Nervous System Neoplasms",244489,1.0,"D009423","C10.551",35,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplastic processes arising<br>from or involving components of the central, peripheral, and<br>autonomic nervous systems, cranial nerves, and meninges. Included<br>in this category are primary and metastatic nervous system<br>neoplasms.",""],["Cranial Nerve Diseases",131732,0.6,"D003389","C10.292",92,"Description: Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial<br>nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves,<br>this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the<br>cranial nerves originate or terminate.",""],["Nervous System Malformations",78169,0.3,"D009421","C10.500",53,"Description: Structural abnormalities of the central or<br>peripheral nervous system resulting primarily from defects of<br>embryogenesis.",""],["Autonomic Nervous System Diseases",31113,0.1,"D001342","C10.177",19,"Description: Diseases of the parasympathetic or sympathetic<br>divisions of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; which has components<br>located in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and PERIPHERAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Autonomic dysfunction may be associated with HYPOTHALAMIC<br>DISEASES; BRAIN STEM disorders; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; and<br>PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES. Manifestations include<br>impairments of vegetative functions including the maintenance of<br>BLOOD PRESSURE; HEART RATE; pupil function; SWEATING;<br>REPRODUCTIVE AND URINARY PHYSIOLOGY; and DIGESTION.",""],["Demyelinating Diseases",128101,0.5,"D003711","C10.314",28,"Description: Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of<br>myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system.",""],["Neurocutaneous Syndromes",26721,0.1,"D020752","C10.562",8,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by ectodermal-<br>based malformations and neoplastic growths in the skin, nervous<br>system, and other organs.",""],["Sleep Wake Disorders",111492,0.5,"D012893","C10.886",30,"Description: Abnormal sleep-wake schedule or pattern associated<br>with the CIRCADIAN RHYTHM which affect the length, timing, and/or<br>rigidity of the sleep-wake cycle relative to the day-night cycle.",""],["Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System",139738,0.6,"D020274","C10.114",29,"Description: Disorders caused by cellular or humoral immune<br>responses primarily directed towards nervous system autoantigens.<br>The immune response may be directed towards specific tissue<br>components (e.g., myelin) and may be limited to the central<br>nervous system (e.g., MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS) or the peripheral<br>nervous system (e.g., GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME).",""],["Restless Legs Syndrome",4404,0.0,"D012148","C10.803",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by aching or burning<br>sensations in the lower and rarely the upper extremities that<br>occur prior to sleep or may awaken the patient from sleep.",""],["Chronobiology Disorders",3216,0.0,"D021081","C10.281",3,"Description: Disruptions of the rhythmic cycle of bodily<br>functions or activities.",""],["Nervous System Diseases",5093772,21.6,"D009422","C10",1472,"Description: Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous<br>system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord,<br>cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous<br>system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Subdural","Hyperprolactinemia","Insulin Coma","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal","Mandibular Fractures","Maxillary Fractures","Moyamoya Disease","Mucolipidoses","Mutism","ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic","Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome","Pituitary Neoplasms","Pituitary Neoplasms","Presbycusis","Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial","Stuttering","Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis","Subclavian Steal Syndrome","Brain Stem Infarctions","Brain Stem Infarctions","Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome","West Nile Fever","West Nile Fever","West Nile Fever","Deaf-Blind Disorders","Wolfram Syndrome","Dementia, Vascular","Prolactinoma","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy","Phenylketonuria, Maternal","Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive","Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive","Canavan Disease","Machado-Joseph Disease","Machado-Joseph Disease","Machado-Joseph Disease","Neurofibroma, Plexiform","Neurofibrosarcoma","Syncope, Vasovagal","Miller Fisher Syndrome","Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage","Putaminal Hemorrhage","Putaminal Hemorrhage","Citrullinemia","Hyperargininemia","Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease","Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease","Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile","Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile","Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Coma, Post-Head Injury","Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection","Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection","Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula","Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine","Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine","Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine","Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine","Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine","Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine","Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery","Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery","MPTP Poisoning","Papilloma, Choroid Plexus","Papilloma, Choroid Plexus","Migraine with Aura","Migraine without Aura","Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease","Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery","Pick Disease of the Brain","Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex","Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster","Sialic Acid Storage Disease","Alexander Disease","CADASIL","Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion","Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","SUNCT Syndrome","Paroxysmal Hemicrania","Usher Syndromes","Usher Syndromes","Pallister-Hall Syndrome","Pallister-Hall Syndrome","Argininosuccinic Aciduria","Corneal Perforation","Sarcoglycanopathies","Walker-Warburg Syndrome","Ophthalmoplegic Migraine","Lingual Nerve Injuries","Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries","Alice in Wonderland Syndrome","Hypophysitis","Brain Contusion","Brain Contusion","Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy","Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy","Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy","Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy","Tardive Dyskinesia","Emergence Delirium","Cerebral Hemorrhage","Charles Bonnet Syndrome","Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome","Cauda Equina Syndrome","Brain Stem Neoplasms","Brain Stem Neoplasms","Language Development Disorders","Trigeminal Nerve Injuries","Mandibular Nerve Injuries","Toxic Optic Neuropathy","Muscular Dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss","Ischemic Stroke","Hemorrhagic Stroke","Hyperpituitarism","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Agraphia","Amnesia, Retrograde","Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System","Fabry Disease","Anomia","Speech Disorders","Spinocerebellar Ataxias","Spinocerebellar Ataxias","Brain Concussion","Brain Concussion","Coma","Carotid Artery Thrombosis","Carpal Tunnel Syndrome","Narcolepsy","Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia","Cerebellar Neoplasms","Cerebellar Neoplasms","Intracranial Aneurysm","Intracranial Arteriosclerosis","Cerebral Arterial Diseases","Brain Infarction","Brain Infarction","Ischemic Attack, Transient","Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder","Cervical Rib Syndrome","Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease","Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias","Deafness","Hearing Loss, Sudden","Dermatomyositis","Hypopituitarism","Dysautonomia, Familial","Dyslexia","Dyslexia","Empty Sella Syndrome","Encephalitis, Viral","Encephalitis, Arbovirus","Encephalitis, Arbovirus","Encephalitis, Arbovirus","Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated","Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental","Encephalomyelitis, Equine","Encephalomyelitis, Equine","Encephalomyelitis, Equine","Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic","Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine","Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic","Epilepsies, Myoclonic","Epilepsies, Myoclonic","Epilepsy, Absence","Epilepsy, Absence","Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe","Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe","Eye Burns","Eye Foreign Bodies","Fragile X Syndrome","Friedreich Ataxia","Galactosemias","Gerstmann Syndrome","Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII","Hartnup Disease","Hearing Loss, Bilateral","Hearing Loss, Sensorineural","Hearing Loss, Conductive","Hearing Loss, Functional","Hearing Loss, High-Frequency","Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Hepatolenticular Degeneration","Homocystinuria","Huntington Disease","Hypothalamic Neoplasms","Hypothalamic Neoplasms","Inappropriate ADH Syndrome","Jaw Fractures","Kearns-Sayre Syndrome","Kearns-Sayre Syndrome","Kearns-Sayre Syndrome","Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome","Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome","Leigh Disease","Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome","Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal","Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal","Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal","Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis","Mandibular Injuries","Maple Syrup Urine Disease","Meningitis, Haemophilus","Meningitis, Listeria","Meningitis, Meningococcal","Meningitis, Pneumococcal","Migraine Disorders","Moyamoya Disease","Myotonic Dystrophy","Pituitary Neoplasms","Neurofibroma","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies","Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies","Orbital Fractures","Parkinson Disease","Parkinson Disease, Secondary","Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic","Phenylketonurias","Sleep Apnea, Obstructive","Pituitary Apoplexy","Pituitary Apoplexy","Pituitary Neoplasms","Poliomyelitis, Bulbar","Poliomyelitis, Bulbar","Polyradiculopathy","Refsum Disease","Refsum Disease","Sciatica","Shy-Drager Syndrome","Intracranial Thrombosis","Spasms, Infantile","Spasms, Infantile","Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis","Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis","Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis","Subarachnoid Hemorrhage","Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency","Syncope","Tabes Dorsalis","Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome","Giant Cell Arteritis","Toxoplasmosis, Congenital","Trigeminal Neuralgia","Tuberculosis, Meningeal","Tuberculosis, Meningeal","Vascular Headaches","Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome","Wolfram Syndrome","Deaf-Blind Disorders","Zygomatic Fractures","Dementia, Multi-Infarct","Dementia, Multi-Infarct","Zellweger Syndrome","Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease","Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary","Rett Syndrome","Eye Injuries, Penetrating","Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome","Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome","Mucopolysaccharidosis II","Choroid Plexus Neoplasms","Choroid Plexus Neoplasms","Malaria, Cerebral","Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral","Tuberculoma, Intracranial","Carotid Stenosis","Meningitis, Cryptococcal","Epilepsy, Complex Partial","Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe","Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe","MELAS Syndrome","MELAS Syndrome","MELAS Syndrome","MERRF Syndrome","MERRF Syndrome","Kleine-Levin Syndrome","Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndromes","Canavan Disease","Spinocerebellar Ataxias","Machado-Joseph Disease","Machado-Joseph Disease","Neurofibroma, Plexiform","Neurofibrosarcoma","Persistent Vegetative State","Tension-Type Headache","Landau-Kleffner Syndrome","Epilepsy, Rolandic","Epilepsy, Rolandic","Blindness, Cortical","Guillain-Barre Syndrome","Neurocysticercosis","Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage","Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage","Chorea Gravidarum","Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic","Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn","Hyperlysinemias","Tyrosinemias","Idiopathic Hypersomnia","Sleep Apnea, Central","Hematoma, Subdural, Acute","Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic","Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Carotid Artery Injuries","Carotid Artery Injuries","Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula","Vertebral Artery Dissection","Gait Apraxia","Amnesia, Transient Global","Prosopagnosia","Apraxia, Ideomotor","Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine","Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine","MPTP Poisoning","Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating","Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive","Amnesia, Anterograde","Optic Nerve Glioma","Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease","Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne","Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral","Cubital Tunnel Syndrome","Cubital Tunnel Syndrome","Amaurosis Fugax","Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome","Intracranial Embolism","Frontotemporal Dementia","Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex","Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex","Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex","Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster","Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster","Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster","Meningitis, Escherichia coli","Neuroschistosomiasis","Diffuse Axonal Injury","Diffuse Axonal Injury","Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain","Epilepsy, Partial, Sensory","Epilepsy, Partial, Motor","AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System","Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Striatonigral Degeneration","Lewy Body Disease","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial","Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant","Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber","Insomnia, Fatal Familial","Post-Concussion Syndrome","Alexander Disease","Coffin-Lowry Syndrome","Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal","Hearing Loss, Unilateral","Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural","CADASIL","CADASIL","CADASIL","Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial","Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle","Distal Myopathies","Post-Traumatic Headache","Post-Dural Puncture Headache","Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb","Refsum Disease, Infantile","Stupor","Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome","Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency","Vein of Galen Malformations","Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias","Cobblestone Lissencephaly","Neuroacanthocytosis","Pallister-Hall Syndrome","Microscopic Polyangiitis","Piriformis Muscle Syndrome","Alien Hand Syndrome","Giant Axonal Neuropathy","Alstrom Syndrome","Contrecoup Injury","Corneal Injuries","Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia","Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia","Stroke, Lacunar","Dyscalculia","Lingual Nerve Injuries","Laryngeal Nerve Injuries","Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries","Nodding Syndrome","Hemimegalencephaly","Lennox Gastaut Syndrome","Drug Resistant Epilepsy","Pituitary Diseases","Infectious Encephalitis","Morton Neuroma","Brain Injuries, Traumatic","Brain Injuries, Traumatic","Brain Injuries, Diffuse","Brain Injuries, Diffuse","Brain Injury, Chronic","Brain Injury, Chronic","Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced","Tardive Dyskinesia","Delirium","Epileptic Syndromes","Trisomy 13 Syndrome","Intracranial Hemorrhages","Hallucinations","Korsakoff Syndrome","Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome","Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy","Cauda Equina Syndrome","Polyradiculoneuropathy","Synesthesia","Locked-In Syndrome","Infratentorial Neoplasms","Infratentorial Neoplasms","Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy","Language Disorders","Mandibular Nerve Injuries","Trigeminal Nerve Diseases","Trigeminal Nerve Injuries","Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome","Toxic Optic Neuropathy","Toxic Optic Neuropathy","Optic Nerve Injuries","Muscular Dystrophies","Stroke","Anosmia","Vascular Depression","Acrodynia","Adie Syndrome","Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn","Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases","Mental Retardation, X-Linked","Ageusia","Agnosia","Alzheimer Disease","Amblyopia","Amnesia","Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases","Apraxias","Cerebellar Ataxia","Cerebellar Ataxia","Auditory Perceptual Disorders","Auditory Perceptual Disorders","Blindness","Brain Concussion","Unconsciousness","Carotid Artery Diseases","Median Neuropathy","Carpal Tunnel Syndrome","Disorders of Excessive Somnolence","Causalgia","Causalgia","Spinocerebellar Degenerations","Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia","Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia","Cerebellar Neoplasms","Intracranial Arterial Diseases","Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations","Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis","Brain Ischemia","Cerebral Palsy","Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS","Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms","Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms","Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea","Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea","Thoracic Outlet Syndrome","Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease","Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy","Chorea","Headache Disorders, Primary","Color Vision Defects","Cri-du-Chat Syndrome","Dandy-Walker Syndrome","Dandy-Walker Syndrome","De Lange Syndrome","Hearing Loss","Polymyositis","Diplopia","Down Syndrome","Dysautonomia, Familial","Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies","Dysgeusia","Learning Disabilities","Dystonia Musculorum Deformans","Dystonia Musculorum Deformans","Encephalitis, Viral","Encephalitis, Viral","Encephalitis, Viral","Encephalomyelitis, Equine","Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic","Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic","Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine","Epilepsies, Partial","Epilepsy, Generalized","Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic","Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic","Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic","Esotropia","Exotropia","Eye Injuries","Friedreich Ataxia","Friedreich Ataxia","Tourette Syndrome","Tourette Syndrome","Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration","Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration","Hearing Loss, Central","Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial","Hematoma, Subdural","Hemianopsia","Hepatic Encephalopathy","Hepatolenticular Degeneration","Horner Syndrome","Huntington Disease","Huntington Disease","Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure","Hyperalgesia","Hyperesthesia","Hypesthesia","Hypotension, Orthostatic","Supratentorial Neoplasms","Hypothalamic Neoplasms","Supratentorial Neoplasms","Illusions","Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders","Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome","Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome","Maxillofacial Injuries","Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External","Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External","Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External","Kernicterus","Kuru","Laurence-Moon Syndrome","Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal","Leukomalacia, Periventricular","Leukomalacia, Periventricular","Meningitis, Viral","Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis","Meige Syndrome","Meige Syndrome","Meningioma","Meningitis, Bacterial","Meningitis, Haemophilus","Meningitis, Listeria","Meningitis, Meningococcal","Meningitis, Pneumococcal","Meningoencephalitis","Meningoencephalitis","Microcephaly","Muscle Rigidity","Muscle Spasticity","Myelitis, Transverse","Myelitis, Transverse","Myotonic Dystrophy","Myotonia Congenita","Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental","Neurofibroma","Nerve Sheath Neoplasms","Neurofibromatosis 1","Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome","Neuromyelitis Optica","Neuromyelitis Optica","Neuromyelitis Optica","Neurosyphilis","Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies","Multiple System Atrophy","Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies","Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies","Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies","Paresthesia","Parkinsonian Disorders","Parkinson Disease","Parkinson Disease, Secondary","Phantom Limb","Sleep Apnea Syndromes","Pinealoma","Pinealoma","Pneumocephalus","Pneumocephalus","Poliomyelitis","Poliomyelitis","Poliomyelitis, Bulbar","Prader-Willi Syndrome","Pseudorabies","Pseudotumor Cerebri","Psychomotor Agitation","Hyperacusis","Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy","Refsum Disease","Restless Legs Syndrome","Reye Syndrome","Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","Sciatic Neuropathy","Sciatica","Scotoma","Scrapie","Shy-Drager Syndrome","Shy-Drager Syndrome","Somnambulism","Subdural Effusion","Empyema, Subdural","Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive","Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive","Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive","Tangier Disease","Tibial Neuropathy","Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome","Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Tinnitus","Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections","Trismus","Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System","Tuberculosis, Meningeal","Tuberous Sclerosis","Vascular Headaches","Headache Disorders, Secondary","Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood","Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood","Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood","Wernicke Encephalopathy","Optic Atrophies, Hereditary","Wolfram Syndrome","Dementia, Vascular","Dementia, Vascular","Dementia, Vascular","Epidural Neoplasms","Epidural Neoplasms","Vision, Low","Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary","Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic","Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic","AIDS Dementia Complex","Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome","Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome","Arachnoid Cysts","Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease","Spina Bifida Occulta","Spina Bifida Cystica","Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome","Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome","Neurofibromatosis 2","Neurofibromatosis 2","Neurofibromatosis 2","Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform","Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral","Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral","POEMS Syndrome","Meningitis, Fungal","Meningitis, Cryptococcal","Epilepsia Partialis Continua","Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies","Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies","Myelinolysis, Central Pontine","WAGR Syndrome","Myopathies, Nemaline","Ulnar Neuropathies","Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndromes","Spinocerebellar Ataxias","Spinocerebellar Ataxias","Neurocytoma","Neurocytoma","Brown-Sequard Syndrome","Persistent Vegetative State","Sneddon Syndrome","Aphasia, Primary Progressive","Myositis, Inclusion Body","Williams Syndrome","Syncope, Vasovagal","Hemifacial Spasm","Optic Nerve Neoplasms","Miller Fisher Syndrome","Miller Fisher Syndrome","Miller Fisher Syndrome","Miller Fisher Syndrome","Central Nervous System Helminthiasis","Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease","Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease","Chorea Gravidarum","Jet Lag Syndrome","Night Terrors","REM Sleep Behavior Disorder","Sleep Paralysis","Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome","Epilepsy, Reflex","Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Skull Fracture, Depressed","Skull Fracture, Basilar","Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Brain Injury, Chronic","Central Cord Syndrome","Cerebrovascular Trauma","Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection","Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula","Facial Nerve Injuries","Abducens Nerve Injury","Kluver-Bucy Syndrome","Gait Ataxia","Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine","Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine","Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Childhood","Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Adult","Alcoholic Neuropathy","Vasospasm, Intracranial","Paraparesis, Spastic","Optic Nerve Glioma","Optic Nerve Glioma","Optic Nerve Glioma","Hypertensive Encephalopathy","Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration","Limbic Encephalitis","Limbic Encephalitis","Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy","Nystagmus, Congenital","Radial Neuropathy","Peroneal Neuropathies","Femoral Neuropathy","Myopathy, Central Core","Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Periodic","Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis","Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive","Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive","Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental","Spinal Cord Ischemia","Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration","Bardet-Biedl Syndrome","Photophobia","Epidural Abscess","Meningitis, Escherichia coli","Lyme Neuroborreliosis","Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain","Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal","Myasthenia Gravis, Neonatal","Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Neuroaspergillosis","Striatonigral Degeneration","Striatonigral Degeneration","Lewy Body Disease","Lewy Body Disease","Brachial Plexus Neuritis","Brachial Plexus Neuritis","Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial","Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant","Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber","Insomnia, Fatal Familial","Wasting Disease, Chronic","Shaken Baby Syndrome","Neuralgia, Postherpetic","Pyomyositis","Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome","Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome","Vein of Galen Malformations","Lissencephaly","Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia","Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias","Marchiafava-Bignami Disease","Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome","Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked","Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked","Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked","Orbital Myositis","Meningeal Carcinomatosis","Sarcopenia","Susac Syndrome","Diffuse Neurofibrillary Tangles with Calcification","Piriformis Muscle Syndrome","Piriformis Muscle Syndrome","Colloid Cysts","Giant Axonal Neuropathy","Alstrom Syndrome","Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia","Frontotemporal Dementia","Post-Exercise Hypotension","Cerebral Ventriculitis","Cerebral Ventriculitis","Megalencephaly","Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis","Ophthalmoplegic Migraine","Ophthalmoplegic Migraine","Pudendal Neuralgia","Pudendal Neuralgia","Olfactory Nerve Injuries","Oculomotor Nerve Injuries","Oculomotor Nerve Injuries","Lingual Nerve Injuries","Vagus Nerve Injuries","Laryngeal Nerve Injuries","Accessory Nerve Injuries","Hypoglossal Nerve Injuries","Trochlear Nerve Injuries","Vestibulocochlear Nerve Injuries","Glossopharyngeal Nerve Injuries","Alice in Wonderland Syndrome","Alice in Wonderland Syndrome","Polymicrogyria","Schizencephaly","Porencephaly","Allesthesia","Epilepsy","Hypothalamic Diseases","Encephalitis","Infectious Encephalitis","Infectious Encephalitis","Neuralgia","Brain Injuries","Brain Injuries","Dyskinesias","Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced","Acute Febrile Encephalopathy","Small Fiber Neuropathy","Confusion","Intellectual Disability","Cerebrovascular Disorders","Perceptual Disorders","Memory Disorders","Alcohol Amnestic Disorder","Brachial Plexus Neuropathies","Nerve Compression Syndromes","Polyneuropathies","Optic Nerve Hypoplasia","Quadriplegia","Brain Neoplasms","Brain Neoplasms","Communication Disorders","Trigeminal Nerve Injuries","Facial Neuralgia","Cranial Nerve Injuries","Optic Nerve Injuries","Optic Nerve Injuries","Myotoxicity","Muscular Disorders, Atrophic","Olfaction Disorders","Mania","Diaschisis","Corticobasal Degeneration","Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures","Acrodynia","Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System","Oculomotor Nerve Diseases","Brain Diseases, Metabolic","Leukoencephalopathies","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Taste Disorders","Akinetic Mutism","Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium","Dementia","Alzheimer Disease","Amblyopia","Vision Disorders","Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","Pain Insensitivity, Congenital","Anencephaly","Aphonia","Psychomotor Disorders","Arachnoiditis","Arnold-Chiari Malformation","Ataxia","Cerebellar Diseases","Athetosis","Auditory Diseases, Central","Basal Ganglia Diseases","Botulism","Brain Abscess","Brain Abscess","Head Injuries, Closed","Brain Damage, Chronic","Brain Death","Consciousness Disorders","Brain Edema","Mononeuropathies","Catalepsy","Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic","Catatonia","Causalgia","Complex Regional Pain Syndromes","Spinocerebellar Degenerations","Spinocerebellar Degenerations","Hypoxia, Brain","Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations","Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder","Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder","Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder","Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea","Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak","Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea","Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease","Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy","Chorea","Headache Disorders","Cockayne Syndrome","Seizures, Febrile","Cranial Nerve Neoplasms","Hydrocephalus","Hearing Disorders","Myositis","Diabetic Neuropathies","Duane Retraction Syndrome","Dysautonomia, Familial","Dysautonomia, Familial","Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies","Dystonia","Dystonic Disorders","Dystonia Musculorum Deformans","Central Nervous System Viral Diseases","Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated","Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated","Encephalocele","Encephalomalacia","Encephalomyelitis","Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental","Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental","Encephalomyelitis, Equine","Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic","Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic","Strabismus","Facial Injuries","Facial Hemiatrophy","Facial Paralysis","Fasciculation","Fibromyalgia","Tic Disorders","Tourette Syndrome","Neuroaxonal Dystrophies","Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration","Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration","Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Hemiplegia","Hepatolenticular Degeneration","Hepatolenticular Degeneration","Hoarseness","Miosis","Huntington Disease","Somatosensory Disorders","Hyperkinesis","Orthostatic Intolerance","Prion Diseases","Ophthalmoplegia","Ophthalmoplegia","Mitochondrial Myopathies","Kuru","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Meningitis, Viral","Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome","Meningeal Neoplasms","Meningitis, Aseptic","Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections","Meningitis, Bacterial","Meningocele","Meningoencephalitis","Meningoencephalitis","Meningoencephalitis","Meningomyelocele","Malformations of Cortical Development, Group I","Multiple Sclerosis","Multiple Sclerosis","Muscle Cramp","Muscle Hypertonia","Muscle Hypotonia","Muscular Atrophy","Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","Myasthenia Gravis","Myasthenia Gravis","Myelitis","Myelitis","Myelitis, Transverse","Myelitis, Transverse","Myelitis, Transverse","Myelitis, Transverse","Myoclonus","Myotonia","Myotonic Dystrophy","Myotonic Disorders","Myotonia Congenita","Neuritis","Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental","Nerve Sheath Neoplasms","Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms","Neurofibromatosis 1","Neurofibromatoses","Neurofibromatosis 1","Neuroma, Acoustic","Neuroma, Acoustic","Neuromyelitis Optica","Optic Neuritis","Neuromyelitis Optica","Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses","Nystagmus, Pathologic","Multiple System Atrophy","Multiple System Atrophy","Optic Atrophy","Papilledema","Bulbar Palsy, Progressive","Bulbar Palsy, Progressive","Paralyses, Familial Periodic","Paraplegia","Parkinsonian Disorders","Parkinson Disease","Poliomyelitis","Poliomyelitis, Bulbar","Intracranial Hypertension","Psychomotor Agitation","Radiculopathy","Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy","Refsum Disease","Respiratory Paralysis","Restless Legs Syndrome","Scrapie","Skull Fractures","Sleep Deprivation","Sleep Arousal Disorders","Spasm","Spinal Cord Compression","Spinal Cord Injuries","Spinal Cord Neoplasms","Spinal Cord Neoplasms","Status Epilepticus","Subdural Effusion","Perimeningeal Infections","Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive","Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive","Syringomyelia","Tabes Dorsalis","Giant Cell Arteritis","Tetany","Thalamic Diseases","Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections","Tremor","Tuberous Sclerosis","Vocal Cord Paralysis","Vocal Cord Paralysis","Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood","Optic Atrophies, Hereditary","Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary","Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic","Optic Disk Drusen","Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome","Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic","Tonic Pupil","Anisocoria","Arachnoid Cysts","Central Nervous System Cysts","Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker 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Chorioretinopathy",26,0.0,"D000080365","C11.941.879.780.900.300.318.500",0,"Description: A form of chorioretinitis characterized by multiple<br>small, cream-colored LESIONS, symmetrically scattered mainly<br>around the OPTIC DISK. These lesions are the most distinctive<br>sign and often appear at the level of the RETINAL PIGMENT<br>EPITHELIUM but, on occasion, suggest an even deeper infiltration<br>and may ultimately lead to visual loss. An association with<br>HLA-A29 antigen (see HLA-A ANTIGENS) has been observed in nearly<br>all patients.",""],["Multifocal Choroiditis",23,0.0,"D000080364","C11.941.879.780.900.300.489",0,"Description: A multifocal uveitis syndrome involving the RETINAL<br>PIGMENT EPITHELIUM and capillary layer of the CHOROID. It is<br>characterized by chronic UVEITIS and multiple CHOROID lesions<br>referred to as white dots, blurry vision, floaters, sensitivity<br>to light, blind spots, and eye discomfort.",""],["Multifocal Choroiditis",23,0.0,"D000080364","C11.941.879.780.900.650.500",0,"Description: A multifocal uveitis syndrome involving the RETINAL<br>PIGMENT EPITHELIUM and capillary layer of the CHOROID. It is<br>characterized by chronic UVEITIS and multiple CHOROID lesions<br>referred to as white dots, blurry vision, floaters, sensitivity<br>to light, blind spots, and eye discomfort.",""],["Chorioretinitis",2001,0.1,"D002825","C11.941.879.780.900.300.318",1,"Description: Inflammation of the choroid in which the sensory<br>retina becomes edematous and opaque. The inflammatory cells and<br>exudate may burst through the sensory retina to cloud the<br>vitreous body.",""],["Birdshot Chorioretinopathy",26,0.0,"D000080365","C11.941.879.780.900.650.250",0,"Description: A form of chorioretinitis characterized by multiple<br>small, cream-colored LESIONS, symmetrically scattered mainly<br>around the OPTIC DISK. These lesions are the most distinctive<br>sign and often appear at the level of the RETINAL PIGMENT<br>EPITHELIUM but, on occasion, suggest an even deeper infiltration<br>and may ultimately lead to visual loss. An association with<br>HLA-A29 antigen (see HLA-A ANTIGENS) has been observed in nearly<br>all patients.",""],["Pars Planitis",132,0.0,"D015868","C11.941.879.780.900.300.659",0,"Description: Form of granulomatous uveitis occurring in the<br>region of the pars plana. This disorder is a common condition<br>with no detectable focal pathology. It causes fibrovascular<br>proliferation at the inferior ora serrata.",""],["White Dot Syndromes",184,0.0,"D000080363","C11.941.879.780.900.650",2,"Description: A group of idiopathic multifocal posterior uveitis<br>syndromes involving the CHOROID; RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; and<br>RETINA. They are characterized by multiple lesions of<br>hypoautofluorescent dots in the FUNDUS OCULI and reduced VISUAL<br>ACUITY. Several entities including BIRDSHOT CHORIORETINOPATHY are<br>HLA-A ANTIGENS serotype A29 positive.",""],["Choroiditis",3234,0.1,"D002833","C11.941.879.780.900.300",4,"Description: Inflammation of the choroid.",""],["Birdshot Chorioretinopathy",26,0.0,"D000080365","C11.941.160.478.400.500",0,"Description: A form of chorioretinitis characterized by multiple<br>small, cream-colored LESIONS, symmetrically scattered mainly<br>around the OPTIC DISK. These lesions are the most distinctive<br>sign and often appear at the level of the RETINAL PIGMENT<br>EPITHELIUM but, on occasion, suggest an even deeper infiltration<br>and may ultimately lead to visual loss. An association with<br>HLA-A29 antigen (see HLA-A ANTIGENS) has been observed in nearly<br>all patients.",""],["Behcet Syndrome",10124,0.4,"D001528","C11.941.879.780.880.200",0,"Description: Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the<br>small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized<br>by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and<br>uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness<br>and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal<br>ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as<br>well.",""],["Iritis",555,0.0,"D007500","C11.941.879.780.880.448",0,"Description: Inflammation of the iris characterized by<br>circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates,<br>and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of<br>the iris.",""],["Kearns-Sayre Syndrome",616,0.0,"D007625","C11.768.585.658.500.627",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of<br>chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardiomyopathy<br>(CARDIOMYOPATHIES) with conduction block (HEART BLOCK), and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Disease onset is in the first or second<br>decade. Elevated CSF protein, sensorineural deafness, seizures,<br>and pyramidal signs may also be present. Ragged-red fibers are<br>found on muscle biopsy. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p984)",""],["Iridocyclitis",765,0.0,"D015863","C11.941.879.780.880.400",0,"Description: Acute or chronic inflammation of the iris and<br>ciliary body characterized by exudates into the anterior chamber,<br>discoloration of the iris, and constricted, sluggish pupil.<br>Symptoms include radiating pain, photophobia, lacrimation, and<br>interference with vision.",""],["Usher Syndromes",603,0.0,"D052245","C11.768.585.658.500.813",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders<br>characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically<br>heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type<br>III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the<br>degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.",""],["Cone-Rod Dystrophies",146,0.0,"D000071700","C11.768.585.658.250",0,"Description: Genetically heterogeneous and sometimes syndromic<br>(e.g., BARDET BIEDL SYNDROME; and SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA TYPE 7)<br>retinopathies with initial RETINAL CONE involvement. They are<br>characterized by decreased VISUAL ACUITY; COLOR VISION DEFECTS;<br>progressive loss of peripheral vision and night blindness.",""],["Cyclodialysis Clefts",20,0.0,"D000080322","C11.941.160.241.250",0,"Description: Finding of a separation of the CILIARY BODY in the<br>SCLERAL SPUR region, creating aqueous outflow from the ANTERIOR<br>CHAMBER into suprachoroidal space between the CHOROID and the<br>SCLERA. Persistent cyclodialysis clefts may be associated with<br>OCULAR HYPOTENSION and OPTIC DISC EDEMA.",""],["Uveal Effusion Syndrome",17,0.0,"D000080323","C11.941.160.241.500",0,"Description: Rare disease characterized by suprachoroidal fluid<br>accumulation between the CHOROID and the SCLERA, annular<br>detachment of the CHOROID, often with secondary RETINAL<br>DETACHMENT; OPTIC DISK EDEMA, and minimal signs of UVEITIS and<br>INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE changes.",""],["Stargardt Disease",117,0.0,"D000080362","C11.768.585.439.339",0,"Description: A juvenile-onset macular dystrophy characterized by<br>progressive loss of VISUAL ACUITY with normal acuity in<br>peripheral VISUAL FIELDS. Other associated clinical features may<br>include LIPOFUSCIN fundus autofluorescence, atrophy of the<br>RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM, loss of color vision, PHOTOPHOBIA and<br>PARACENTRAL SCOTOMA. Germline mutations in the ABCA4 gene have<br>been identified in recessive and dominant diseases.",""],["Uveitis, Posterior",4112,0.2,"D015866","C11.941.879.780.900",8,"Description: Inflammation of the choroid as well as the retina<br>and vitreous body. Some form of visual disturbance is usually<br>present. The most important characteristics of posterior uveitis<br>are vitreous opacities, choroiditis, and chorioretinitis.",""],["Multifocal Choroiditis",23,0.0,"D000080364","C11.941.160.478.550",0,"Description: A multifocal uveitis syndrome involving the RETINAL<br>PIGMENT EPITHELIUM and capillary layer of the CHOROID. It is<br>characterized by chronic UVEITIS and multiple CHOROID lesions<br>referred to as white dots, blurry vision, floaters, sensitivity<br>to light, blind spots, and eye discomfort.",""],["Birdshot Chorioretinopathy",26,0.0,"D000080365","C11.768.773.348.500",0,"Description: A form of chorioretinitis characterized by multiple<br>small, cream-colored LESIONS, symmetrically scattered mainly<br>around the OPTIC DISK. These lesions are the most distinctive<br>sign and often appear at the level of the RETINAL PIGMENT<br>EPITHELIUM but, on occasion, suggest an even deeper infiltration<br>and may ultimately lead to visual loss. An association with<br>HLA-A29 antigen (see HLA-A ANTIGENS) has been observed in nearly<br>all patients.",""],["Chorioretinitis",2001,0.1,"D002825","C11.941.160.478.400",1,"Description: Inflammation of the choroid in which the sensory<br>retina becomes edematous and opaque. The inflammatory cells and<br>exudate may burst through the sensory retina to cloud the<br>vitreous body.",""],["Aleutian Mink Disease",302,0.0,"D000453","C11.270.040.772.270",0,"Description: A slow progressive disease of mink caused by the<br>ALEUTIAN MINK DISEASE VIRUS. It is characterized by poor<br>reproduction, weight loss, autoimmunity, hypergammaglobulinemia,<br>increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, and death from<br>renal failure. The disease occurs in all color types, but mink<br>which are homozygous recessive for the Aleutian gene for light<br>coat color are particularly susceptible.",""],["Uveitis, Anterior",14266,0.5,"D014606","C11.941.879.780.880",3,"Description: Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the<br>iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of<br>this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the<br>anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris<br>and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be<br>increased or reduced.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",201,0.0,"D003232","C11.187.183.240.216",0,"Description: A highly contagious disease characterized by<br>subconjunctival hemorrhage, sudden swelling of the eyelids and<br>congestion, redness, and pain in the eye. Epidemic conjunctivitis<br>caused by Enterovirus 70 (EV-70) was first described in Africa in<br>1969. It is caused also by Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v).<br>Epidemics by this organism have appeared most frequently in Asia.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",201,0.0,"D003232","C11.294.800.250.250",0,"Description: A highly contagious disease characterized by<br>subconjunctival hemorrhage, sudden swelling of the eyelids and<br>congestion, redness, and pain in the eye. Epidemic conjunctivitis<br>caused by Enterovirus 70 (EV-70) was first described in Africa in<br>1969. It is caused also by Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v).<br>Epidemics by this organism have appeared most frequently in Asia.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Inclusion",540,0.0,"D003235","C11.187.183.220.250",0,"Description: An infection of the eyes characterized by the<br>presence in conjunctival epithelial cells of inclusion bodies<br>indistinguishable from those of trachoma. It is acquired by<br>infants during birth and by adults from swimming pools. The<br>etiological agent is CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS whose natural habitat<br>appears to be the genito-urinary tract. Inclusion conjunctivitis<br>is a less severe disease than trachoma and usually clears up<br>spontaneously.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Inclusion",540,0.0,"D003235","C11.294.354.220.250",0,"Description: An infection of the eyes characterized by the<br>presence in conjunctival epithelial cells of inclusion bodies<br>indistinguishable from those of trachoma. It is acquired by<br>infants during birth and by adults from swimming pools. The<br>etiological agent is CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS whose natural habitat<br>appears to be the genito-urinary tract. Inclusion conjunctivitis<br>is a less severe disease than trachoma and usually clears up<br>spontaneously.",""],["Hydrophthalmos",590,0.0,"D006871","C11.525.381.407.480",0,"Description: Congenital open-angle glaucoma that results from<br>dysgenesis of the angle structures accompanied by increased<br>intraocular pressure and enlargement of the eye. Treatment is<br>both medical and surgical.",""],["Kearns-Sayre Syndrome",616,0.0,"D007625","C11.590.472.250.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of<br>chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardiomyopathy<br>(CARDIOMYOPATHIES) with conduction block (HEART BLOCK), and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Disease onset is in the first or second<br>decade. Elevated CSF protein, sensorineural deafness, seizures,<br>and pyramidal signs may also be present. Ragged-red fibers are<br>found on muscle biopsy. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p984)",""],["Retinitis Pigmentosa",8286,0.3,"D012174","C11.768.585.658.500",2,"Description: Hereditary, progressive degeneration of the retina<br>due to death of ROD PHOTORECEPTORS initially and subsequent death<br>of CONE PHOTORECEPTORS. It is characterized by deposition of<br>pigment in the retina.",""],["Keratitis, Dendritic",2003,0.1,"D007635","C11.204.564.425.450",0,"Description: A form of herpetic keratitis characterized by the<br>formation of small vesicles which break down and coalesce to form<br>recurring dendritic ulcers, characteristically irregular, linear,<br>branching, and ending in knoblike extremities. (Dictionary of<br>Visual Science, 3d ed)",""],["Keratitis, Dendritic",2003,0.1,"D007635","C11.294.800.475.450",0,"Description: A form of herpetic keratitis characterized by the<br>formation of small vesicles which break down and coalesce to form<br>recurring dendritic ulcers, characteristically irregular, linear,<br>branching, and ending in knoblike extremities. (Dictionary of<br>Visual Science, 3d ed)",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca",816,0.0,"D007638","C11.187.183.394.500",0,"Description: Drying and inflammation of the conjunctiva as a<br>result of insufficient lacrimal secretion. When found in<br>association with XEROSTOMIA and polyarthritis, it is called<br>SJOGREN'S SYNDROME.",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca",816,0.0,"D007638","C11.204.564.585.630",0,"Description: Drying and inflammation of the conjunctiva as a<br>result of insufficient lacrimal secretion. When found in<br>association with XEROSTOMIA and polyarthritis, it is called<br>SJOGREN'S SYNDROME.",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious",260,0.0,"D007639","C11.187.183.394.520",0,"Description: Infectious diseases of cattle, sheep, and goats,<br>characterized by blepharospasm, lacrimation, conjunctivitis, and<br>varying degrees of corneal opacity and ulceration. In cattle the<br>causative agent is MORAXELLA (MORAXELLA) BOVIS; in sheep,<br>MYCOPLASMA; RICKETTSIA; CHLAMYDIA; or ACHOLEPLASMA; in goats,<br>RICKETTSIA.",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious",260,0.0,"D007639","C11.204.564.585.500",0,"Description: Infectious diseases of cattle, sheep, and goats,<br>characterized by blepharospasm, lacrimation, conjunctivitis, and<br>varying degrees of corneal opacity and ulceration. In cattle the<br>causative agent is MORAXELLA (MORAXELLA) BOVIS; in sheep,<br>MYCOPLASMA; RICKETTSIA; CHLAMYDIA; or ACHOLEPLASMA; in goats,<br>RICKETTSIA.",""],["Macular Edema",7408,0.3,"D008269","C11.768.585.439.245",0,"Description: Fluid accumulation in the outer layer of the MACULA<br>LUTEA that results from intraocular or systemic insults. It may<br>develop in a diffuse pattern where the macula appears thickened<br>or it may acquire the characteristic petaloid appearance referred<br>to as cystoid macular edema. Although macular edema may be<br>associated with various underlying conditions, it is most<br>commonly seen following intraocular surgery, venous occlusive<br>disease, DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, and posterior segment inflammatory<br>disease. (From Survey of Ophthalmology 2004; 49(5) 470-90)",""],["Ophthalmia Neonatorum",573,0.0,"D009878","C11.187.183.220.538",0,"Description: Acute conjunctival inflammation in the newborn,<br>usually caused by maternal gonococcal infection. The causative<br>agent is NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE. The baby's eyes are contaminated<br>during passage through the birth canal.",""],["Ophthalmia Neonatorum",573,0.0,"D009878","C11.294.354.220.625",0,"Description: Acute conjunctival inflammation in the newborn,<br>usually caused by maternal gonococcal infection. The causative<br>agent is NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE. The baby's eyes are contaminated<br>during passage through the birth canal.",""],["Ophthalmia, Sympathetic",723,0.0,"D009879","C11.941.879.780.500",0,"Description: Granulomatous uveitis which follows in one eye after<br>a penetrating injury to the other eye; the secondarily affected<br>eye is called the sympathizing eye, and the injured eye is called<br>the exciting or activating eye.",""],["Panophthalmitis",280,0.0,"D010202","C11.294.354.900.675",0,"Description: Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with<br>necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the cornea) and extension<br>of the inflammation into the orbit. Pain may be severe and the<br>globe may rupture. In endophthalmitis the globe does not rupture.",""],["Panophthalmitis",280,0.0,"D010202","C11.294.450.900.675",0,"Description: Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with<br>necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the cornea) and extension<br>of the inflammation into the orbit. Pain may be severe and the<br>globe may rupture. In endophthalmitis the globe does not rupture.",""],["Panophthalmitis",280,0.0,"D010202","C11.941.879.960.580",0,"Description: Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with<br>necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the cornea) and extension<br>of the inflammation into the orbit. Pain may be severe and the<br>globe may rupture. In endophthalmitis the globe does not rupture.",""],["Trachoma",3894,0.1,"D014141","C11.187.183.220.889",0,"Description: A chronic infection of the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA<br>caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.",""],["Trachoma",3894,0.1,"D014141","C11.294.354.220.800",0,"Description: A chronic infection of the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA<br>caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C11.640.451.451.980",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C11.966.075.375.750",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Pars Planitis",132,0.0,"D015868","C11.941.160.478.700",0,"Description: Form of granulomatous uveitis occurring in the<br>region of the pars plana. This disorder is a common condition<br>with no detectable focal pathology. It causes fibrovascular<br>proliferation at the inferior ora serrata.",""],["Pars Planitis",132,0.0,"D015868","C11.941.879.900.500",0,"Description: Form of granulomatous uveitis occurring in the<br>region of the pars plana. This disorder is a common condition<br>with no detectable focal pathology. It causes fibrovascular<br>proliferation at the inferior ora serrata.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C11.941.375.060.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C11.270.040.545.400",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant",336,0.0,"D029241","C11.640.451.451.100",0,"Description: Dominant optic atrophy is a hereditary optic<br>neuropathy causing decreased visual acuity, color vision<br>deficits, a centrocecal scotoma, and optic nerve pallor (Hum.<br>Genet. 1998; 102: 79-86). Mutations leading to this condition<br>have been mapped to the OPA1 gene at chromosome 3q28-q29. OPA1<br>codes for a dynamin-related GTPase that localizes to<br>mitochondria.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber",1206,0.0,"D029242","C11.640.451.451.400",0,"Description: A maternally linked genetic disorder that presents<br>in mid-life as acute or subacute central vision loss leading to<br>central scotoma and blindness. The disease has been associated<br>with missense mutations in the mtDNA, in genes for Complex I,<br>III, and IV polypeptides, that can act autonomously or in<br>association with each other to cause the disease. (from Online<br>Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/,<br>MIM#535000 (April 17, 2001))",""],["Graves Ophthalmopathy",2850,0.1,"D049970","C11.675.349.500.500",0,"Description: An autoimmune disorder of the EYE, occurring in<br>patients with Graves disease. Subtypes include congestive<br>(inflammation of the orbital connective tissue), myopathic<br>(swelling and dysfunction of the extraocular muscles), and mixed<br>congestive-myopathic ophthalmopathy.",""],["Usher Syndromes",603,0.0,"D052245","C11.966.075.375.500",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders<br>characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically<br>heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type<br>III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the<br>degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.",""],["Geographic Atrophy",836,0.0,"D057092","C11.768.585.439.122",0,"Description: A form of MACULAR DEGENERATION also known as dry<br>macular degeneration marked by occurrence of a well-defined<br>progressive lesion or atrophy in the central part of the RETINA<br>called the MACULA LUTEA. It is distinguishable from WET MACULAR<br>DEGENERATION in that the latter involves neovascular exudates.",""],["Wet Macular Degeneration",2642,0.1,"D057135","C11.768.585.439.622",0,"Description: A form of RETINAL DEGENERATION in which abnormal<br>CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION occurs under the RETINA and MACULA<br>LUTEA, causing bleeding and leaking of fluid. This leads to<br>bulging and or lifting of the macula and the distortion or<br>destruction of central vision.",""],["Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy",306,0.0,"D057826","C11.768.585.439.433",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant hereditary maculopathy with<br>childhood-onset accumulation of LIPOFUSION in RETINAL PIGMENT<br>EPITHELIUM. Affected individuals develop progressive central<br>acuity loss, and distorted vision (METAMORPHOPSIA). It is<br>associated with mutations in bestrophin, a chloride channel.",""],["Canaliculitis",57,0.0,"D000069282","C11.496.221.500",0,"Description: Inflammation and infection of the lacrimal<br>canaliculus area in the LACRIMAL APPARATUS.",""],["Retinal Dystrophies",9196,0.3,"D058499","C11.768.585.658",4,"Description: A group of disorders involving predominantly the<br>posterior portion of the ocular fundus, due to degeneration in<br>the sensory layer of the RETINA; RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM;<br>BRUCH MEMBRANE; CHOROID; or a combination of these tissues.",""],["Cyclodialysis Clefts",20,0.0,"D000080322","C11.250.105.250",0,"Description: Finding of a separation of the CILIARY BODY in the<br>SCLERAL SPUR region, creating aqueous outflow from the ANTERIOR<br>CHAMBER into suprachoroidal space between the CHOROID and the<br>SCLERA. Persistent cyclodialysis clefts may be associated with<br>OCULAR HYPOTENSION and OPTIC DISC EDEMA.",""],["Choroidal Effusions",106,0.0,"D000080324","C11.941.160.241",2,"Description: Finding of fluid accumulation between the CHOROID<br>and the SCLERA.",""],["Uveal Effusion Syndrome",17,0.0,"D000080323","C11.250.105.500",0,"Description: Rare disease characterized by suprachoroidal fluid<br>accumulation between the CHOROID and the SCLERA, annular<br>detachment of the CHOROID, often with secondary RETINAL<br>DETACHMENT; OPTIC DISK EDEMA, and minimal signs of UVEITIS and<br>INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE changes.",""],["Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm",39,0.0,"D000080346","C11.768.346.500",0,"Description: An acquired dilation of the retinal artery often<br>associated with systemic HYPERTENSION.",""],["Macular Degeneration",26502,1.0,"D008268","C11.768.585.439",5,"Description: Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older<br>adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the<br>visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina.<br>It occurs in dry and wet forms.",""],["Panuveitis",19633,0.7,"D015864","C11.941.879.780",14,"Description: Inflammation in which both the anterior and<br>posterior segments of the uvea are involved and a specific focus<br>is not apparent. It is often severe and extensive and a serious<br>threat to vision. Causes include systemic diseases such as<br>tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and syphilis, as well as malignancies.<br>The intermediate segment of the eye is not involved.",""],["Choroiditis",3234,0.1,"D002833","C11.941.160.478",4,"Description: Inflammation of the choroid.",""],["Chorioretinitis",2001,0.1,"D002825","C11.768.773.348",1,"Description: Inflammation of the choroid in which the sensory<br>retina becomes edematous and opaque. The inflammatory cells and<br>exudate may burst through the sensory retina to cloud the<br>vitreous body.",""],["Toxic Optic Neuropathy",20,0.0,"D000081028","C11.640.530.500",0,"Description: Damage to the eye or its function (e.g., VISUAL<br>IMPAIRMENT) due to OPTIC NERVE damage secondary to toxic<br>substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or<br>RADIATION.",""],["Adie Syndrome",309,0.0,"D000270","C11.590.436.200",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by a TONIC PUPIL that<br>occurs in combination with decreased lower extremity reflexes.<br>The affected pupil will respond more briskly to accommodation<br>than to light (light-near dissociation) and is supersensitive to<br>dilute pilocarpine eye drops, which induce pupillary<br>constriction. Pathologic features include degeneration of the<br>ciliary ganglion and postganglionic parasympathetic fibers that<br>innervate the pupillary constrictor muscle. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p279)",""],["Adie Syndrome",309,0.0,"D000270","C11.710.800.180",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by a TONIC PUPIL that<br>occurs in combination with decreased lower extremity reflexes.<br>The affected pupil will respond more briskly to accommodation<br>than to light (light-near dissociation) and is supersensitive to<br>dilute pilocarpine eye drops, which induce pupillary<br>constriction. Pathologic features include degeneration of the<br>ciliary ganglion and postganglionic parasympathetic fibers that<br>innervate the pupillary constrictor muscle. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p279)",""],["Chediak-Higashi Syndrome",986,0.0,"D002609","C11.270.040.772",1,"Description: A form of phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction<br>characterized by unusual oculocutaneous albinism, high incidence<br>of lymphoreticular neoplasms, and recurrent pyogenic infections.<br>In many cell types, abnormal lysosomes are present leading to<br>defective pigment distribution and abnormal neutrophil functions.<br>The disease is transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance and<br>a similar disorder occurs in the beige mouse, the Aleutian mink,<br>and albino Hereford cattle.",""],["Aphakia, Postcataract",1333,0.0,"D001036","C11.510.103.110",0,"Description: Absence of the crystalline lens resulting from<br>cataract extraction.",""],["Arcus Senilis",146,0.0,"D001112","C11.204.299.070",0,"Description: A corneal disease in which there is a deposition of<br>phospholipid and cholesterol in the corneal stroma and anterior<br>sclera.",""],["Choroid Neoplasms",5090,0.2,"D002830","C11.319.494.198",0,"Description: Tumors of the choroid; most common intraocular<br>tumors are malignant melanomas of the choroid. These usually<br>occur after puberty and increase in incidence with advancing age.<br>Most malignant melanomas of the uveal tract develop from benign<br>melanomas (nevi).",""],["Choroid Neoplasms",5090,0.2,"D002830","C11.941.160.238",0,"Description: Tumors of the choroid; most common intraocular<br>tumors are malignant melanomas of the choroid. These usually<br>occur after puberty and increase in incidence with advancing age.<br>Most malignant melanomas of the uveal tract develop from benign<br>melanomas (nevi).",""],["Choroid Neoplasms",5090,0.2,"D002830","C11.941.855.198",0,"Description: Tumors of the choroid; most common intraocular<br>tumors are malignant melanomas of the choroid. These usually<br>occur after puberty and increase in incidence with advancing age.<br>Most malignant melanomas of the uveal tract develop from benign<br>melanomas (nevi).",""],["Choroid Hemorrhage",423,0.0,"D002832","C11.941.160.177",0,"Description: Hemorrhage from the vessels of the choroid.",""],["Color Vision Defects",3358,0.1,"D003117","C11.270.151.500",0,"Description: Defects of color vision are mainly hereditary traits<br>but can be secondary to acquired or developmental abnormalities<br>in the CONES (RETINA). Severity of hereditary defects of color<br>vision depends on the degree of mutation of the ROD OPSINS genes<br>(on X CHROMOSOME and CHROMOSOME 3) that code the photopigments<br>for red, green and blue.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Viral",765,0.0,"D003236","C11.187.183.240",1,"Description: Inflammation, often mild, of the conjunctiva caused<br>by a variety of viral agents. Conjunctival involvement may be<br>part of a systemic infection.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Viral",765,0.0,"D003236","C11.294.800.250",1,"Description: Inflammation, often mild, of the conjunctiva caused<br>by a variety of viral agents. Conjunctival involvement may be<br>part of a systemic infection.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Allergic",3315,0.1,"D003233","C11.187.183.200",0,"Description: Conjunctivitis due to hypersensitivity to various<br>allergens.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Bacterial",5890,0.2,"D003234","C11.187.183.220",3,"Description: Purulent infections of the conjunctiva by several<br>species of gram-negative, gram-positive, or acid-fast organisms.<br>Some of the more commonly found genera causing conjunctival<br>infections are Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and<br>Chlamydia.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Bacterial",5890,0.2,"D003234","C11.294.354.220",3,"Description: Purulent infections of the conjunctiva by several<br>species of gram-negative, gram-positive, or acid-fast organisms.<br>Some of the more commonly found genera causing conjunctival<br>infections are Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and<br>Chlamydia.",""],["Corneal Ulcer",4360,0.2,"D003320","C11.204.564.225",0,"Description: Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the<br>cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue;<br>usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.",""],["Ectopia Lentis",435,0.0,"D004479","C11.510.598.373",0,"Description: Congenital displacement of the lens resulting from<br>defective zonule formation.",""],["Esotropia",2491,0.1,"D004948","C11.590.810.400",0,"Description: A form of ocular misalignment characterized by an<br>excessive convergence of the visual axes, resulting in a \"cross-<br>eye\" appearance. An example of this condition occurs when<br>paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle causes an abnormal inward<br>deviation of one eye on attempted gaze.",""],["Exotropia",1608,0.1,"D005099","C11.590.810.440",0,"Description: A form of ocular misalignment where the visual axes<br>diverge inappropriately. For example, medial rectus muscle<br>weakness may produce this condition as the affected eye will<br>deviate laterally upon attempted forward gaze. An exotropia<br>occurs due to the relatively unopposed force exerted on the eye<br>by the lateral rectus muscle, which pulls the eye in an outward<br>direction.",""],["Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy",1215,0.0,"D005642","C11.204.236.438",0,"Description: Disorder caused by loss of endothelium of the<br>central cornea. It is characterized by hyaline endothelial<br>outgrowths on Descemet's membrane, epithelial blisters, reduced<br>vision, and pain.",""],["Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy",1215,0.0,"D005642","C11.270.162.438",0,"Description: Disorder caused by loss of endothelium of the<br>central cornea. It is characterized by hyaline endothelial<br>outgrowths on Descemet's membrane, epithelial blisters, reduced<br>vision, and pain.",""],["Glaucoma, Open-Angle",14886,0.5,"D005902","C11.525.381.407",1,"Description: Glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber<br>is open and the trabecular meshwork does not encroach on the base<br>of the iris.",""],["Graves Disease",15951,0.6,"D006111","C11.675.349.500",1,"Description: A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse<br>hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces<br>antibodies against the THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR.<br>These autoantibodies activate the TSH receptor, thereby<br>stimulating the THYROID GLAND and hypersecretion of THYROID<br>HORMONES. These autoantibodies can also affect the eyes (GRAVES<br>OPHTHALMOPATHY) and the skin (Graves dermopathy).",""],["Hemianopsia",1974,0.1,"D006423","C11.966.075.500",0,"Description: Partial or complete loss of vision in one half of<br>the visual field(s) of one or both eyes. Subtypes include<br>altitudinal hemianopsia, characterized by a visual defect above<br>or below the horizontal meridian of the visual field. Homonymous<br>hemianopsia refers to a visual defect that affects both eyes<br>equally, and occurs either to the left or right of the midline of<br>the visual field. Binasal hemianopsia consists of loss of vision<br>in the nasal hemifields of both eyes. Bitemporal hemianopsia is<br>the bilateral loss of vision in the temporal fields.<br>Quadrantanopsia refers to loss of vision in one quarter of the<br>visual field in one or both eyes.",""],["Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus",1307,0.0,"D006563","C11.294.800.450",0,"Description: Virus infection of the Gasserian ganglion and its<br>nerve branches characterized by pain and vesicular eruptions with<br>much swelling. Ocular involvement is usually heralded by a<br>vesicle on the tip of the nose. This area is innervated by the<br>nasociliary nerve.",""],["Hordeolum",86,0.0,"D006726","C11.294.354.400",0,"Description: Purulent infection of one of the sebaceous glands of<br>Zeis along the eyelid margin (external) or of the meibomian gland<br>on the conjunctival side of the eyelid (internal).",""],["Horner Syndrome",1598,0.1,"D006732","C11.710.528.500",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with defective sympathetic<br>innervation to one side of the face, including the eye. Clinical<br>features include MIOSIS; mild BLEPHAROPTOSIS; and hemifacial<br>ANHIDROSIS (decreased sweating)(see HYPOHIDROSIS). Lesions of the<br>BRAIN STEM; cervical SPINAL CORD; first thoracic nerve root; apex<br>of the LUNG; CAROTID ARTERY; CAVERNOUS SINUS; and apex of the<br>ORBIT may cause this condition. (From Miller et al., Clinical<br>Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp500-11)",""],["Iritis",555,0.0,"D007500","C11.941.375.385",0,"Description: Inflammation of the iris characterized by<br>circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates,<br>and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of<br>the iris.",""],["Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External",1192,0.0,"D017246","C11.590.472.250",1,"Description: A mitochondrial myopathy characterized by slowly<br>progressive paralysis of the levator palpebrae, orbicularis<br>oculi, and extraocular muscles. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are<br>found on muscle biopsy. Familial and sporadic forms may occur.<br>Disease onset is usually in the first or second decade of life,<br>and the illness slowly progresses until usually all ocular<br>motility is lost. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1422)",""],["Keratitis, Herpetic",3822,0.1,"D016849","C11.204.564.425",1,"Description: A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis<br>infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small<br>vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic<br>ulcers (KERATITIS, DENDRITIC). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d<br>ed)",""],["Keratitis, Herpetic",3822,0.1,"D016849","C11.294.800.475",1,"Description: A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis<br>infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small<br>vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic<br>ulcers (KERATITIS, DENDRITIC). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d<br>ed)",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis",3641,0.1,"D007637","C11.187.183.394",2,"Description: Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and<br>conjunctiva.",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis",3641,0.1,"D007637","C11.204.564.585",2,"Description: Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and<br>conjunctiva.",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca",816,0.0,"D007638","C11.496.260.394",0,"Description: Drying and inflammation of the conjunctiva as a<br>result of insufficient lacrimal secretion. When found in<br>association with XEROSTOMIA and polyarthritis, it is called<br>SJOGREN'S SYNDROME.",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious",260,0.0,"D007639","C11.294.354.450",0,"Description: Infectious diseases of cattle, sheep, and goats,<br>characterized by blepharospasm, lacrimation, conjunctivitis, and<br>varying degrees of corneal opacity and ulceration. In cattle the<br>causative agent is MORAXELLA (MORAXELLA) BOVIS; in sheep,<br>MYCOPLASMA; RICKETTSIA; CHLAMYDIA; or ACHOLEPLASMA; in goats,<br>RICKETTSIA.",""],["Mandibulofacial Dysostosis",1468,0.1,"D008342","C11.270.147.750",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder occurring in two forms: the<br>complete form (Franceschetti's syndrome) is characterized by<br>antimongoloid slant of the palpebral fissures, COLOBOMA of the<br>lower lid, MICROGNATHIA and hypoplasia of the ZYGOMATIC ARCHES,<br>and CONGENITAL MICROTIA. It is transmitted as an autosomal trait.<br>The incomplete form (Treacher Collins syndrome) is characterized<br>by the same anomalies in less pronounced degree. It occurs<br>sporadically, but an autosomal dominant mode of transmission is<br>suspected. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Neuromyelitis Optica",4417,0.2,"D009471","C11.640.576.695",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS;<br>MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in<br>the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific<br>autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4.",""],["Uveitis, Suppurative",301,0.0,"D015829","C11.294.354.900",1,"Description: Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing<br>bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an<br>injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic<br>emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or<br>meningococcemia.",""],["Uveitis, Suppurative",301,0.0,"D015829","C11.294.450.900",1,"Description: Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing<br>bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an<br>injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic<br>emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or<br>meningococcemia.",""],["Uveitis, Suppurative",301,0.0,"D015829","C11.941.879.960",1,"Description: Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing<br>bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an<br>injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic<br>emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or<br>meningococcemia.",""],["Retinoblastoma",7034,0.3,"D012175","C11.319.475.760",0,"Description: A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of<br>the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in<br>children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy<br>and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the<br>condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait.<br>Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round<br>polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An<br>abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC;<br>STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical<br>characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)",""],["Retinoblastoma",7034,0.3,"D012175","C11.768.717.760",0,"Description: A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of<br>the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in<br>children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy<br>and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the<br>condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait.<br>Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round<br>polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An<br>abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC;<br>STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical<br>characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)",""],["Sjogren's Syndrome",12815,0.5,"D012859","C11.496.260.719",0,"Description: Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which<br>the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction<br>by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production<br>of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca<br>syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and<br>XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the<br>presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid<br>arthritis.",""],["Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive",2584,0.1,"D013494","C11.590.472.500",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the central nervous system<br>characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS<br>(supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing<br>difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth<br>decade and disease progression occurs over several years.<br>Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and<br>neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS;<br>RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Ocular",1772,0.1,"D014126","C11.294.725.781",0,"Description: Infection caused by the protozoan parasite<br>TOXOPLASMA in which there is extensive connective tissue<br>proliferation, the retina surrounding the lesions remains normal,<br>and the ocular media remain clear. Chorioretinitis may be<br>associated with all forms of toxoplasmosis, but is usually a late<br>sequel of congenital toxoplasmosis. The severe ocular lesions in<br>infants may lead to blindness.",""],["Tuberculosis, Ocular",1546,0.1,"D014392","C11.294.354.800",0,"Description: Tuberculous infection of the eye, primarily the<br>iris, ciliary body, and choroid.",""],["Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome",1368,0.1,"D014607","C11.941.879.980",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by bilateral granulomatous<br>UVEITIS with IRITIS and secondary GLAUCOMA, premature ALOPECIA,<br>symmetrical VITILIGO, poliosis circumscripta (a strand of<br>depigmented hair), HEARING DISORDERS, and meningeal signs (neck<br>stiffness and headache). Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid<br>reveals a pattern consistent with MENINGITIS, ASEPTIC. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p748; Surv Ophthalmol 1995<br>Jan;39(4):265-292)",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C11.270.564.980",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Optic Atrophies, Hereditary",2795,0.1,"D015418","C11.640.451.451",3,"Description: Hereditary conditions that feature progressive<br>visual loss in association with optic atrophy. Relatively common<br>forms include autosomal dominant optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHY,<br>AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT) and Leber hereditary optic atrophy (OPTIC<br>ATROPHY, HEREDITARY, LEBER).",""],["Deaf-Blind Disorders",1286,0.0,"D054062","C11.966.075.375",2,"Description: The absence of both hearing and vision.",""],["Xerophthalmia",853,0.0,"D014985","C11.496.260.892",0,"Description: Dryness of the eye surfaces caused by deficiency of<br>tears or conjunctival secretions. It may be associated with<br>vitamin A deficiency, trauma, or any condition in which the<br>eyelids do not close completely.",""],["Glaucoma, Neovascular",724,0.0,"D015355","C11.525.381.348",0,"Description: A form of secondary glaucoma which develops as a<br>consequence of another ocular disease and is attributed to the<br>forming of new vessels in the angle of the anterior chamber.",""],["Retinal Drusen",876,0.0,"D015593","C11.768.585.585",0,"Description: Colloid or hyaline bodies lying beneath the retinal<br>pigment epithelium. They may occur either secondary to changes in<br>the choroid that affect the pigment epithelium or as an autosomal<br>dominant disorder of the retinal pigment epithelium.",""],["Aniridia",880,0.0,"D015783","C11.941.375.060",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which there is only a<br>rudimentary iris. This is due to the failure of the optic cup to<br>grow. Aniridia also occurs in a hereditary form, usually<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Choroideremia",404,0.0,"D015794","C11.941.160.300",0,"Description: An X chromosome-linked abnormality characterized by<br>atrophy of the choroid and degeneration of the retinal pigment<br>epithelium causing night blindness.",""],["Gyrate Atrophy",170,0.0,"D015799","C11.941.160.578",0,"Description: Progressive, autosomal recessive, diffuse atrophy of<br>the choroid, pigment epithelium, and sensory retina that begins<br>in childhood.",""],["Iris Neoplasms",731,0.0,"D015811","C11.319.494.400",0,"Description: Tumors of the iris characterized by increased<br>pigmentation of melanocytes. Iris nevi are composed of<br>proliferated melanocytes and are associated with<br>neurofibromatosis and malignant melanoma of the choroid and<br>ciliary body. Malignant melanoma of the iris often originates<br>from preexisting nevi.",""],["Iris Neoplasms",731,0.0,"D015811","C11.941.375.375",0,"Description: Tumors of the iris characterized by increased<br>pigmentation of melanocytes. Iris nevi are composed of<br>proliferated melanocytes and are associated with<br>neurofibromatosis and malignant melanoma of the choroid and<br>ciliary body. Malignant melanoma of the iris often originates<br>from preexisting nevi.",""],["Iris Neoplasms",731,0.0,"D015811","C11.941.855.400",0,"Description: Tumors of the iris characterized by increased<br>pigmentation of melanocytes. Iris nevi are composed of<br>proliferated melanocytes and are associated with<br>neurofibromatosis and malignant melanoma of the choroid and<br>ciliary body. Malignant melanoma of the iris often originates<br>from preexisting nevi.",""],["Glaucoma, Angle-Closure",3663,0.1,"D015812","C11.525.381.056",0,"Description: A form of glaucoma in which the intraocular pressure<br>increases because the angle of the anterior chamber is blocked<br>and the aqueous humor cannot drain from the anterior chamber.",""],["Acanthamoeba Keratitis",1181,0.0,"D015823","C11.204.564.112",0,"Description: Infection of the cornea by an ameboid protozoan<br>which may cause corneal ulceration leading to blindness.",""],["Acanthamoeba Keratitis",1181,0.0,"D015823","C11.294.725.125",0,"Description: Infection of the cornea by an ameboid protozoan<br>which may cause corneal ulceration leading to blindness.",""],["Onchocerciasis, Ocular",398,0.0,"D015827","C11.294.725.562",0,"Description: Filarial infection of the eyes transmitted from<br>person to person by bites of Onchocerca volvulus-infected black<br>flies. The microfilariae of Onchocerca are thus deposited beneath<br>the skin. They migrate through various tissues including the eye.<br>Those persons infected have impaired vision and up to 20% are<br>blind. The incidence of eye lesions has been reported to be as<br>high as 30% in Central America and parts of Africa.",""],["Uveitis, Suppurative",21,0.0,"D015829","C11.294.265.500",0,"Description: Intraocular infection caused mainly by pus-producing<br>bacteria and rarely by fungi. The infection may be caused by an<br>injury or surgical wound (exogenous) or by endogenous septic<br>emboli in such diseases as bacterial endocarditis or<br>meningococcemia.",""],["Iridocyclitis",765,0.0,"D015863","C11.941.375.360",0,"Description: Acute or chronic inflammation of the iris and<br>ciliary body characterized by exudates into the anterior chamber,<br>discoloration of the iris, and constricted, sluggish pupil.<br>Symptoms include radiating pain, photophobia, lacrimation, and<br>interference with vision.",""],["Uveitis, Intermediate",587,0.0,"D015867","C11.941.879.900",1,"Description: Inflammation of the pars plana, ciliary body, and<br>adjacent structures.",""],["Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute",732,0.0,"D015882","C11.768.773.674",0,"Description: Mild to fulminant necrotizing vaso-occlusive<br>retinitis associated with a high incidence of retinal detachment<br>and poor vision outcome.",""],["Albinism, Oculocutaneous",1293,0.0,"D016115","C11.270.040.545",1,"Description: Heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders<br>comprising at least four recognized types, all having in common<br>varying degrees of hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes.<br>The two most common are the tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-<br>negative types.",""],["Albinism, Ocular",325,0.0,"D016117","C11.270.040.090",0,"Description: Albinism affecting the eye in which pigment of the<br>hair and skin is normal or only slightly diluted. The classic<br>type is X-linked (Nettleship-Falls), but an autosomal recessive<br>form also exists. Ocular abnormalities may include reduced<br>pigmentation of the iris, nystagmus, photophobia, strabismus, and<br>decreased visual acuity.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C11.250.060.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C11.270.060.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Cytomegalovirus Retinitis",1431,0.1,"D017726","C11.294.800.270",0,"Description: Infection of the retina by cytomegalovirus<br>characterized by retinal necrosis, hemorrhage, vessel sheathing,<br>and retinal edema. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a major<br>opportunistic infection in AIDS patients and can cause blindness.",""],["Cytomegalovirus Retinitis",1431,0.1,"D017726","C11.768.773.360",0,"Description: Infection of the retina by cytomegalovirus<br>characterized by retinal necrosis, hemorrhage, vessel sheathing,<br>and retinal edema. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a major<br>opportunistic infection in AIDS patients and can cause blindness.",""],["Exfoliation Syndrome",1854,0.1,"D017889","C11.941.375.285",0,"Description: The deposition of flaky, translucent fibrillar<br>material most conspicuous on the anterior lens capsule and<br>pupillary margin but also in both surfaces of the iris, the<br>zonules, trabecular meshwork, ciliary body, corneal endothelium,<br>and orbital blood vessels. It sometimes forms a membrane on the<br>anterior iris surface. Exfoliation refers to the shedding of<br>pigment by the iris. (Newell, Ophthalmology, 7th ed, p380)",""],["Blindness, Cortical",607,0.0,"D019575","C11.966.075.250",0,"Description: Total loss of vision in all or part of the visual<br>field due to bilateral OCCIPITAL LOBE (i.e., VISUAL CORTEX)<br>damage or dysfunction. Anton syndrome is characterized by the<br>psychic denial of true, organic cortical blindness. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p460)",""],["Choroidal Neovascularization",6057,0.2,"D020256","C11.941.160.244",0,"Description: A pathological process consisting of the formation<br>of new blood vessels in the CHOROID.",""],["Optic Nerve Glioma",506,0.0,"D020339","C11.640.544.500",0,"Description: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic<br>nerve, usually presenting in childhood.",""],["Nystagmus, Congenital",496,0.0,"D020417","C11.590.400.300",0,"Description: Nystagmus present at birth or caused by lesions<br>sustained in utero or at the time of birth. It is usually<br>pendular, and is associated with ALBINISM and conditions<br>characterized by early loss of central vision. Inheritance<br>patterns may be X-linked, autosomal dominant, or recessive.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p275)",""],["Amaurosis Fugax",234,0.0,"D020757","C11.966.075.125",0,"Description: Transient complete or partial monocular blindness<br>due to retinal ischemia. This may be caused by emboli from the<br>CAROTID ARTERY (usually in association with CAROTID STENOSIS) and<br>other locations that enter the central RETINAL ARTERY. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p245)",""],["Bardet-Biedl Syndrome",679,0.0,"D020788","C11.270.684.624",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; POLYDACTYLY; OBESITY; MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>hypogenitalism; renal dysplasia; and short stature. This syndrome<br>has been distinguished as a separate entity from LAURENCE-MOON<br>SYNDROME. (From J Med Genet 1997 Feb;34(2):92-8)",""],["Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant",336,0.0,"D029241","C11.270.564.100",0,"Description: Dominant optic atrophy is a hereditary optic<br>neuropathy causing decreased visual acuity, color vision<br>deficits, a centrocecal scotoma, and optic nerve pallor (Hum.<br>Genet. 1998; 102: 79-86). Mutations leading to this condition<br>have been mapped to the OPA1 gene at chromosome 3q28-q29. OPA1<br>codes for a dynamin-related GTPase that localizes to<br>mitochondria.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber",1206,0.0,"D029242","C11.270.564.400",0,"Description: A maternally linked genetic disorder that presents<br>in mid-life as acute or subacute central vision loss leading to<br>central scotoma and blindness. The disease has been associated<br>with missense mutations in the mtDNA, in genes for Complex I,<br>III, and IV polypeptides, that can act autonomously or in<br>association with each other to cause the disease. (from Online<br>Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/,<br>MIM#535000 (April 17, 2001))",""],["Retinoschisis",882,0.0,"D041441","C11.768.585.865",0,"Description: A vitreoretinal dystrophy characterized by splitting<br>of the neuroretinal layers. It occurs in two forms: degenerative<br>retinoschisis and X chromosome-linked juvenile retinoschisis.",""],["Myopia, Degenerative",1498,0.1,"D047728","C11.744.636.500",0,"Description: Excessive axial myopia associated with complications<br>(especially posterior staphyloma and CHOROIDAL<br>NEOVASCULARIZATION) that can lead to BLINDNESS.",""],["Corneal Dystrophy, Juvenile Epithelial of Meesmann",25,0.0,"D053559","C11.204.236.218",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of hereditary corneal<br>dystrophy due to a defect in cornea-specific KERATIN formation.<br>Mutations in the genes that encode KERATIN-3 and KERATIN-12 have<br>been linked to this disorder.",""],["Corneal Dystrophy, Juvenile Epithelial of Meesmann",25,0.0,"D053559","C11.270.162.218",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of hereditary corneal<br>dystrophy due to a defect in cornea-specific KERATIN formation.<br>Mutations in the genes that encode KERATIN-3 and KERATIN-12 have<br>been linked to this disorder.",""],["Susac Syndrome",301,0.0,"D055955","C11.768.400.500",0,"Description: A rare disorder consisting of microangiopathy of<br>brain, retina, and inner ear ARTERIOLES. It is characterized by<br>the clinical triad of encephalopathy, BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY<br>OCCLUSION and VERTIGO/hearing loss.",""],["Alstrom Syndrome",148,0.0,"D056769","C11.270.684.249",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include<br>retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS<br>PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity,<br>sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development.<br>Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and<br>progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by<br>mutations in the ALMS1 gene.",""],["Low Tension Glaucoma",794,0.0,"D057066","C11.525.381.703",0,"Description: A form of glaucoma in which chronic optic nerve<br>damage and loss of vision normally attributable to buildup of<br>intraocular pressure occurs despite prevailing conditions of<br>normal intraocular pressure.",""],["Corneal Perforation",350,0.0,"D057112","C11.204.284.500",0,"Description: A puncture or hole through the CORNEAL STROMA<br>resulting from various diseases or trauma.",""],["Corneal Perforation",350,0.0,"D057112","C11.297.374.500",0,"Description: A puncture or hole through the CORNEAL STROMA<br>resulting from various diseases or trauma.",""],["Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome",122,0.0,"D057129","C11.941.375.322",0,"Description: A grouping of three closely linked conditions: iris<br>nevus (or Cogan-Reese) syndrome, Chandler Syndrome, and essential<br>(progressive) iris atrophy. The most common features of this<br>syndrome are the movement of endothelial cells off the cornea<br>onto the iris leading to corneal swelling, distortion of the<br>iris, and variable degrees of distortion of the pupil. The<br>abnormal cell movement plugs fluid outflow channels of the eye<br>causing GLAUCOMA.",""],["Capsule Opacification",471,0.0,"D058442","C11.510.245.500",0,"Description: Clouding or loss of transparency of the posterior<br>lens capsule, usually following CATARACT extraction.",""],["CHARGE Syndrome",335,0.0,"D058747","C11.270.147.500",0,"Description: Rare disease characterized by COLOBOMA; CHOANAL<br>ATRESIA; and abnormal SEMICIRCULAR CANALS. Mutations in CHD7<br>protein resulting in disturbed neural crest development are<br>associated with CHARGE Syndrome.",""],["Ophthalmoplegic Migraine",62,0.0,"D060486","C11.590.472.375",0,"Description: Childhood-onset of recurrent headaches with an<br>oculomotor cranial nerve palsy. Typically, ABDUCENS NERVE;<br>OCULOMOTOR NERVE; and TROCHLEAR NERVE are involved with DIPLOPIA<br>and BLEPHAROPTOSIS.",""],["Oculomotor Nerve Injuries",86,0.0,"D061220","C11.590.436.600",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. This may<br>result in various eye movement dysfunction.",""],["Dacryocystitis",1515,0.1,"D003607","C11.496.221",1,"Description: Inflammation of the lacrimal sac. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Cone-Rod Dystrophies",146,0.0,"D000071700","C11.270.152",0,"Description: Genetically heterogeneous and sometimes syndromic<br>(e.g., BARDET BIEDL SYNDROME; and SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA TYPE 7)<br>retinopathies with initial RETINAL CONE involvement. They are<br>characterized by decreased VISUAL ACUITY; COLOR VISION DEFECTS;<br>progressive loss of peripheral vision and night blindness.",""],["Retinal Degeneration",46351,1.7,"D012162","C11.768.585",13,"Description: A retrogressive pathological change in the retina,<br>focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation,<br>trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting<br>predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR<br>DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts,<br>7th ed, p304)",""],["Cone Dystrophy",3386,0.1,"D000077765","C11.270.151",1,"Description: A general term which describes a group of rare eye<br>disorders that affect the cone cells of the RETINA. Cone<br>dystrophy can cause a variety of symptoms including decreased<br>visual clarity or acuity when looking straight ahead (central<br>vision), a reduced ability to see colors, and an increased<br>sensitivity to light (PHOTOPHOBIA).",""],["Cone Dystrophy",28,0.0,"D000077765","C11.768.216",0,"Description: A general term which describes a group of rare eye<br>disorders that affect the cone cells of the RETINA. Cone<br>dystrophy can cause a variety of symptoms including decreased<br>visual clarity or acuity when looking straight ahead (central<br>vision), a reduced ability to see colors, and an increased<br>sensitivity to light (PHOTOPHOBIA).",""],["Choroidal Effusions",106,0.0,"D000080324","C11.250.105",2,"Description: Finding of fluid accumulation between the CHOROID<br>and the SCLERA.",""],["Choroid Diseases",18388,0.7,"D015862","C11.941.160",13,"Description: Disorders of the choroid including hereditary<br>choroidal diseases, neoplasms, and other abnormalities of the<br>vascular layer of the uvea.",""],["Meibomian Gland Dysfunction",190,0.0,"D000080343","C11.338.780",0,"Description: A chronic dysfunction of MEIBOMIAN GLANDS<br>characterized by altered tear film stability and function due to<br>a decrease or alteration in lipid quality/content in meibum. It<br>is often associated with evaporative-type DRY EYE SYNDROME.",""],["Optic Nerve Hypoplasia",23,0.0,"D000080344","C11.270.588",0,"Description: A group of rare genetic disorders characterized by<br>underdeveloped OPTIC NERVES, resulting in increased incidences of<br>vision impairment, CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS and STRABISMUS. It may be<br>syndromic, and is often associated with CNS malformations.",""],["Optic Nerve Hypoplasia",23,0.0,"D000080344","C11.640.522",0,"Description: A group of rare genetic disorders characterized by<br>underdeveloped OPTIC NERVES, resulting in increased incidences of<br>vision impairment, CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS and STRABISMUS. It may be<br>syndromic, and is often associated with CNS malformations.",""],["Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathies",62,0.0,"D000080345","C11.250.345",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>incomplete development of the retinal vasculature. Its severity<br>can vary from complete blindness in infancy, to mild or no visual<br>problems, where small areas of vascular defects are observable<br>only by FLUORESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY. Exudative vitreoretinopathy 1 is<br>associated with mutations in the FZD4 gene.",""],["Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathies",62,0.0,"D000080345","C11.270.238",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>incomplete development of the retinal vasculature. Its severity<br>can vary from complete blindness in infancy, to mild or no visual<br>problems, where small areas of vascular defects are observable<br>only by FLUORESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY. Exudative vitreoretinopathy 1 is<br>associated with mutations in the FZD4 gene.",""],["Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathies",62,0.0,"D000080345","C11.768.337",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>incomplete development of the retinal vasculature. Its severity<br>can vary from complete blindness in infancy, to mild or no visual<br>problems, where small areas of vascular defects are observable<br>only by FLUORESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY. Exudative vitreoretinopathy 1 is<br>associated with mutations in the FZD4 gene.",""],["Hypertensive Retinopathy",236,0.0,"D058437","C11.768.346",1,"Description: Degenerative changes to the RETINA due to<br>HYPERTENSION.",""],["Stargardt Disease",117,0.0,"D000080362","C11.270.872",0,"Description: A juvenile-onset macular dystrophy characterized by<br>progressive loss of VISUAL ACUITY with normal acuity in<br>peripheral VISUAL FIELDS. Other associated clinical features may<br>include LIPOFUSCIN fundus autofluorescence, atrophy of the<br>RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM, loss of color vision, PHOTOPHOBIA and<br>PARACENTRAL SCOTOMA. Germline mutations in the ABCA4 gene have<br>been identified in recessive and dominant diseases.",""],["Uveitis",33092,1.2,"D014605","C11.941.879",20,"Description: Inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle<br>(vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other<br>tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina). (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Retinitis",7047,0.3,"D012173","C11.768.773",4,"Description: Inflammation of the RETINA. It is rarely limited to<br>the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the<br>choroid (CHORIORETINITIS) and of the OPTIC DISK (neuroretinitis).",""],["Optic Nerve Injuries",1841,0.1,"D020221","C11.640.530",1,"Description: Injuries to the optic nerve induced by a trauma to<br>the face or head. These may occur with closed or penetrating<br>injuries. Relatively minor compression of the superior aspect of<br>orbit may also result in trauma to the optic nerve. Clinical<br>manifestations may include visual loss, PAPILLEDEMA, and an<br>afferent pupillary defect.",""],["Oculomotor Nerve Diseases",2018,0.1,"D015840","C11.590.436",2,"Description: Diseases of the oculomotor nerve or nucleus that<br>result in weakness or paralysis of the superior rectus, inferior<br>rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, or levator palpebrae<br>muscles, or impaired parasympathetic innervation to the pupil.<br>With a complete oculomotor palsy, the eyelid will be paralyzed,<br>the eye will be in an abducted and inferior position, and the<br>pupil will be markedly dilated. Commonly associated conditions<br>include neoplasms, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, ischemia (especially in<br>association with DIABETES MELLITUS), and aneurysmal compression.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p270)",""],["Tonic Pupil",476,0.0,"D015845","C11.710.800",1,"Description: A pupillary abnormality characterized by a poor<br>pupillary light reaction, reduced accommodation, iris sector<br>palsies, an enhanced pupillary response to near effort that<br>results in a prolonged, \"tonic\" constriction, and slow pupillary<br>redilation. This condition is associated with injury to the<br>postganglionic parasympathetic innervation to the pupil. (From<br>Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp492-500)",""],["Albinism",3936,0.1,"D000417","C11.270.040",5,"Description: General term for a number of inherited defects of<br>amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence<br>of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair.",""],["Amblyopia",5866,0.2,"D000550","C11.966.073",0,"Description: A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision.<br>Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced<br>amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced<br>amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A<br>discrepancy between visual information received by the visual<br>cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development.<br>STRABISMUS and REFRACTIVE ERRORS may cause this condition. Toxic<br>amblyopia is a disorder of the OPTIC NERVE which is associated<br>with ALCOHOLISM, tobacco SMOKING, and other toxins and as an<br>adverse effect of the use of some medications.",""],["Angioid Streaks",502,0.0,"D000793","C11.768.094",0,"Description: Small breaks in the elastin-filled tissue of the<br>retina.",""],["Aniseikonia",345,0.0,"D000839","C11.744.116",0,"Description: A condition in which the ocular image of an object<br>as seen by one eye differs in size and shape from that seen by<br>the other.",""],["Anophthalmos",915,0.0,"D000853","C11.250.080",0,"Description: Congenital absence of the eye or eyes.",""],["Aphakia",2013,0.1,"D001035","C11.510.103",1,"Description: Absence of crystalline lens totally or partially<br>from field of vision, from any cause except after cataract<br>extraction. Aphakia is mainly congenital or as result of LENS<br>DISLOCATION AND SUBLUXATION.",""],["Corneal Opacity",2636,0.1,"D003318","C11.204.299",1,"Description: Disorder occurring in the central or peripheral area<br>of the cornea. The usual degree of transparency becomes<br>relatively opaque.",""],["Astigmatism",5294,0.2,"D001251","C11.744.212",0,"Description: Unequal curvature of the refractive surfaces of the<br>eye. Thus a point source of light cannot be brought to a point<br>focus on the retina but is spread over a more or less diffuse<br>area. This results from the radius of curvature in one plane<br>being longer or shorter than the radius at right angles to it.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Blepharitis",1039,0.0,"D001762","C11.338.133",0,"Description: Inflammation of the eyelids.",""],["Blepharoptosis",4334,0.2,"D001763","C11.338.204",0,"Description: Drooping of the upper lid due to deficient<br>development or paralysis of the levator palpebrae muscle.",""],["Blepharospasm",1192,0.0,"D001764","C11.338.250",0,"Description: Excessive winking; tonic or clonic spasm of the<br>orbicularis oculi muscle.",""],["Blindness",18927,0.7,"D001766","C11.966.075",6,"Description: The inability to see or the loss or absence of<br>perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of<br>EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or<br>BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE.",""],["Cataract",23422,0.9,"D002386","C11.510.245",1,"Description: Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or<br>capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing<br>blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their<br>morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of<br>occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Uveal Neoplasms",10637,0.4,"D014604","C11.319.494",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UVEA.",""],["Uveal Neoplasms",10637,0.4,"D014604","C11.941.855",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UVEA.",""],["Choroid Hemorrhage",423,0.0,"D002832","C11.290.195",0,"Description: Hemorrhage from the vessels of the choroid.",""],["Coloboma",1605,0.1,"D003103","C11.250.110",0,"Description: Congenital anomaly in which some of the structures<br>of the eye are absent due to incomplete fusion of the fetal<br>intraocular fissure during gestation.",""],["Coloboma",3408,0.1,"D003103","C11.270.147",2,"Description: Congenital anomaly in which some of the structures<br>of the eye are absent due to incomplete fusion of the fetal<br>intraocular fissure during gestation.",""],["Color Vision Defects",3358,0.1,"D003117","C11.966.256",0,"Description: Defects of color vision are mainly hereditary traits<br>but can be secondary to acquired or developmental abnormalities<br>in the CONES (RETINA). Severity of hereditary defects of color<br>vision depends on the degree of mutation of the ROD OPSINS genes<br>(on X CHROMOSOME and CHROMOSOME 3) that code the photopigments<br>for red, green and blue.",""],["Conjunctival Neoplasms",2746,0.1,"D003230","C11.187.169",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the CONJUNCTIVA.",""],["Conjunctival Neoplasms",2746,0.1,"D003230","C11.319.217",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the CONJUNCTIVA.",""],["Conjunctivitis",17987,0.7,"D003231","C11.187.183",10,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the CONJUNCTIVA.",""],["Eye Infections, Viral",9135,0.3,"D015828","C11.294.800",6,"Description: Infections of the eye caused by minute intracellular<br>agents. These infections may lead to severe inflammation in<br>various parts of the eye - conjunctiva, iris, eyelids, etc.<br>Several viruses have been identified as the causative agents.<br>Among these are Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Poxvirus, and Myxovirus.",""],["Eye Infections, Bacterial",14074,0.5,"D015818","C11.294.354",9,"Description: Infections in the inner or external eye caused by<br>microorganisms belonging to several families of bacteria. Some of<br>the more common genera found are Haemophilus, Neisseria,<br>Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Chlamydia.",""],["Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary",4569,0.2,"D003317","C11.204.236",2,"Description: Bilateral hereditary disorders of the cornea,<br>usually autosomal dominant, which may be present at birth but<br>more frequently develop during adolescence and progress slowly<br>throughout life. Central macular dystrophy is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive defect.",""],["Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary",4569,0.2,"D003317","C11.270.162",2,"Description: Bilateral hereditary disorders of the cornea,<br>usually autosomal dominant, which may be present at birth but<br>more frequently develop during adolescence and progress slowly<br>throughout life. Central macular dystrophy is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive defect.",""],["Keratitis",20519,0.8,"D007634","C11.204.564",7,"Description: Inflammation of the cornea.",""],["Corneal Ulcer",4360,0.2,"D003320","C11.294.177",0,"Description: Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the<br>cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue;<br>usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.",""],["Diabetic Retinopathy",23503,0.9,"D003930","C11.768.257",0,"Description: Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES<br>MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular<br>complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and<br>intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.",""],["Diplopia",2492,0.1,"D004172","C11.966.339",0,"Description: A visual symptom in which a single object is<br>perceived by the visual cortex as two objects rather than one.<br>Disorders associated with this condition include REFRACTIVE<br>ERRORS; STRABISMUS; OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES; TROCHLEAR NERVE<br>DISEASES; ABDUCENS NERVE DISEASES; and diseases of the BRAIN STEM<br>and OCCIPITAL LOBE.",""],["Duane Retraction Syndrome",677,0.0,"D004370","C11.270.235",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by marked limitation of<br>abduction of the eye, variable limitation of adduction and<br>retraction of the globe, and narrowing of the palpebral fissure<br>on attempted adduction. The condition is caused by aberrant<br>innervation of the lateral rectus by fibers of the OCULOMOTOR<br>NERVE.",""],["Duane Retraction Syndrome",677,0.0,"D004370","C11.590.224",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by marked limitation of<br>abduction of the eye, variable limitation of adduction and<br>retraction of the globe, and narrowing of the palpebral fissure<br>on attempted adduction. The condition is caused by aberrant<br>innervation of the lateral rectus by fibers of the OCULOMOTOR<br>NERVE.",""],["Ectopia Lentis",435,0.0,"D004479","C11.250.300",0,"Description: Congenital displacement of the lens resulting from<br>defective zonule formation.",""],["Lens Subluxation",1567,0.1,"D007906","C11.510.598",1,"Description: Incomplete rupture of the zonule with the displaced<br>lens remaining behind the pupil. In dislocation, or complete<br>rupture, the lens is displaced forward into the anterior chamber<br>or backward into the vitreous body. When congenital, this<br>condition is known as ECTOPIA LENTIS.",""],["Ectropion",892,0.0,"D004483","C11.338.362",0,"Description: The turning outward (eversion) of the edge of the<br>eyelid, resulting in the exposure of the palpebral conjunctiva.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Entropion",820,0.0,"D004774","C11.338.443",0,"Description: The turning inward (inversion) of the edge of the<br>eyelid, with the tarsal cartilage turned inward toward the<br>eyeball. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Strabismus",15441,0.6,"D013285","C11.590.810",2,"Description: Misalignment of the visual axes of the eyes. In<br>comitant strabismus the degree of ocular misalignment does not<br>vary with the direction of gaze. In noncomitant strabismus the<br>degree of misalignment varies depending on direction of gaze or<br>which eye is fixating on the target. (Miller, Walsh & Hoyt's<br>Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p641)",""],["Exophthalmos",20102,0.7,"D005094","C11.675.349",2,"Description: Abnormal protrusion of both eyes; may be caused by<br>endocrine gland malfunction, malignancy, injury, or paralysis of<br>the extrinsic muscles of the eye.",""],["Eyelid Neoplasms",4284,0.2,"D005142","C11.319.421",0,"Description: Tumors of cancer of the EYELIDS.",""],["Eyelid Neoplasms",4284,0.2,"D005142","C11.338.526",0,"Description: Tumors of cancer of the EYELIDS.",""],["Glaucoma",53828,2.0,"D005901","C11.525.381",5,"Description: An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having<br>as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained<br>increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot<br>withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its<br>function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be<br>manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and<br>severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the<br>eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of<br>colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual<br>field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th<br>ed)",""],["Hordeolum",86,0.0,"D006726","C11.338.648",0,"Description: Purulent infection of one of the sebaceous glands of<br>Zeis along the eyelid margin (external) or of the meibomian gland<br>on the conjunctival side of the eyelid (internal).",""],["Miosis",1896,0.1,"D015877","C11.710.528",1,"Description: Pupillary constriction. This may result from<br>congenital absence of the dilatator pupillary muscle, defective<br>sympathetic innervation, or irritation of the CONJUNCTIVA or<br>CORNEA.",""],["Hydrophthalmos",590,0.0,"D006871","C11.250.480",0,"Description: Congenital open-angle glaucoma that results from<br>dysgenesis of the angle structures accompanied by increased<br>intraocular pressure and enlargement of the eye. Treatment is<br>both medical and surgical.",""],["Hyperopia",2258,0.1,"D006956","C11.744.479",0,"Description: A refractive error in which rays of light entering<br>the eye parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus behind<br>the retina, as a result of the eyeball being too short from front<br>to back. It is also called farsightedness because the near point<br>is more distant than it is in emmetropia with an equal amplitude<br>of accommodation. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hyphema",954,0.0,"D006988","C11.290.484",0,"Description: Bleeding in the anterior chamber of the eye.",""],["Iris Diseases",7171,0.3,"D007499","C11.941.375",7,"Description: Diseases, dysfunctions, or disorders of or located<br>in the iris.",""],["Ophthalmoplegia",10280,0.4,"D009886","C11.590.472",4,"Description: Paralysis of one or more of the ocular muscles due<br>to disorders of the eye muscles, neuromuscular junction,<br>supporting soft tissue, tendons, or innervation to the muscles.",""],["Dry Eye Syndromes",20314,0.7,"D015352","C11.496.260",3,"Description: Corneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient<br>tear production, predominantly in menopausal and post-menopausal<br>women. Filamentary keratitis or erosion of the conjunctival and<br>corneal epithelium may be caused by these disorders. Sensation of<br>the presence of a foreign body in the eye and burning of the eyes<br>may occur.",""],["Keratoconus",5962,0.2,"D007640","C11.204.627",0,"Description: A noninflammatory, usually bilateral protrusion of<br>the cornea, the apex being displaced downward and nasally. It<br>occurs most commonly in females at about puberty. The cause is<br>unknown but hereditary factors may play a role. The -conus refers<br>to the cone shape of the corneal protrusion. (From Dorland, 27th<br>ed)",""],["Lacrimal Duct Obstruction",2083,0.1,"D007767","C11.496.456",0,"Description: Interference with the secretion of tears by the<br>lacrimal glands. Obstruction of the LACRIMAL SAC or NASOLACRIMAL<br>DUCT causing acute or chronic inflammation of the lacrimal sac<br>(DACRYOCYSTITIS). It is caused also in infants by failure of the<br>nasolacrimal duct to open into the inferior meatus and occurs<br>about the third week of life. In adults occlusion may occur<br>spontaneously or after injury or nasal disease. (Newell,<br>Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p250)",""],["Microphthalmos",1605,0.1,"D008850","C11.250.566",0,"Description: Congenital or developmental anomaly in which the<br>eyeballs are abnormally small.",""],["Myopia",16634,0.6,"D009216","C11.744.636",1,"Description: A refractive error in which rays of light entering<br>the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in<br>front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is<br>relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the<br>eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called<br>nearsightedness.",""],["Optic Neuritis",9795,0.4,"D009902","C11.640.576",1,"Description: Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated<br>conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE<br>SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical<br>features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye<br>movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may<br>progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect<br>(Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia<br>and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve<br>within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or<br>the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior<br>optic neuritis).",""],["Night Blindness",1143,0.0,"D009755","C11.966.671",0,"Description: Failure or imperfection of vision at night or in dim<br>light, with good vision only on bright days. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Nystagmus, Pathologic",6433,0.2,"D009759","C11.590.400",1,"Description: Involuntary movements of the eye that are divided<br>into two types, jerk and pendular. Jerk nystagmus has a slow<br>phase in one direction followed by a corrective fast phase in the<br>opposite direction, and is usually caused by central or<br>peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Pendular nystagmus features<br>oscillations that are of equal velocity in both directions and<br>this condition is often associated with visual loss early in<br>life. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p272)",""],["Endophthalmitis",6866,0.3,"D009877","C11.294.265",1,"Description: Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the<br>internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an<br>infection.",""],["Optic Atrophy",5172,0.2,"D009896","C11.640.451",4,"Description: Atrophy of the optic disk which may be congenital or<br>acquired. This condition indicates a deficiency in the number of<br>nerve fibers which arise in the RETINA and converge to form the<br>OPTIC DISK; OPTIC NERVE; OPTIC CHIASM; and optic tracts.<br>GLAUCOMA; ISCHEMIA; inflammation, a chronic elevation of<br>intracranial pressure, toxins, optic nerve compression, and<br>inherited conditions (see OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY) are<br>relatively common causes of this condition.",""],["Orbital Neoplasms",8540,0.3,"D009918","C11.319.457",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the bony orbit and contents except the<br>eyeball.",""],["Orbital Neoplasms",8540,0.3,"D009918","C11.675.659",0,"Description: Neoplasms of the bony orbit and contents except the<br>eyeball.",""],["Eye Infections, Fungal",3406,0.1,"D015821","C11.294.450",2,"Description: Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through<br>four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing<br>conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of<br>infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses,<br>nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental<br>penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in<br>patients with underlying mycoses.",""],["Papilledema",2942,0.1,"D010211","C11.640.710",0,"Description: Swelling of the OPTIC DISK, usually in association<br>with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia,<br>blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot<br>enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins. Chronic<br>papilledema may cause OPTIC ATROPHY and visual loss. (Miller et<br>al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p175)",""],["Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane",1332,0.0,"D010390","C11.187.482",0,"Description: A chronic blistering disease with predilection for<br>mucous membranes and less frequently the skin, and with a<br>tendency to scarring. It is sometimes called ocular pemphigoid<br>because of conjunctival mucous membrane involvement.",""],["Presbyopia",1443,0.1,"D011305","C11.744.786",0,"Description: The normal decreasing elasticity of the crystalline<br>lens that leads to loss of accommodation.",""],["Pterygium",2642,0.1,"D011625","C11.187.781",0,"Description: An abnormal triangular fold of membrane in the<br>interpalpebral fissure, extending from the conjunctiva to the<br>cornea, being immovably united to the cornea at its apex, firmly<br>attached to the sclera throughout its middle portion, and merged<br>with the conjunctiva at its base. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Retinal Degeneration",8895,0.3,"D012162","C11.270.612",0,"Description: A retrogressive pathological change in the retina,<br>focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation,<br>trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting<br>predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR<br>DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts,<br>7th ed, p304)",""],["Retinal Detachment",15819,0.6,"D012163","C11.768.648",0,"Description: Separation of the inner layers of the retina (neural<br>retina) from the pigment epithelium. Retinal detachment occurs<br>more commonly in men than in women, in eyes with degenerative<br>myopia, in aging and in aphakia. It may occur after an<br>uncomplicated cataract extraction, but it is seen more often if<br>vitreous humor has been lost during surgery. (Dorland, 27th ed;<br>Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p310-12).",""],["Retinal Hemorrhage",3269,0.1,"D012166","C11.290.807",0,"Description: Bleeding from the vessels of the retina.",""],["Retinal Hemorrhage",3269,0.1,"D012166","C11.768.710",0,"Description: Bleeding from the vessels of the retina.",""],["Retinal Perforations",5095,0.2,"D012167","C11.768.740",0,"Description: Perforations through the whole thickness of the<br>retina including the macula as the result of inflammation,<br>trauma, degeneration, etc. The concept includes retinal breaks,<br>tears, dialyses, and holes.",""],["Retinal Vein Occlusion",4651,0.2,"D012170","C11.768.760",0,"Description: Blockage of the RETINAL VEIN. Those at high risk for<br>this condition include patients with HYPERTENSION; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; and other CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.",""],["Retinitis Pigmentosa",7894,0.3,"D012174","C11.270.684",2,"Description: Hereditary, progressive degeneration of the retina<br>due to death of ROD PHOTORECEPTORS initially and subsequent death<br>of CONE PHOTORECEPTORS. It is characterized by deposition of<br>pigment in the retina.",""],["Retinoblastoma",7034,0.3,"D012175","C11.270.862",0,"Description: A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of<br>the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in<br>children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy<br>and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the<br>condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait.<br>Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round<br>polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An<br>abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC;<br>STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical<br>characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer:<br>Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)",""],["Retinal Neoplasms",11155,0.4,"D019572","C11.319.475",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the RETINA.",""],["Retinal Neoplasms",11155,0.4,"D019572","C11.768.717",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the RETINA.",""],["Retinopathy of Prematurity",6446,0.2,"D012178","C11.768.836",0,"Description: A bilateral retinopathy occurring in premature<br>infants treated with excessively high concentrations of oxygen,<br>characterized by vascular dilatation, proliferation, and<br>tortuosity, edema, and retinal detachment, with ultimate<br>conversion of the retina into a fibrous mass that can be seen as<br>a dense retrolental membrane. Usually growth of the eye is<br>arrested and may result in microophthalmia, and blindness may<br>occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Scotoma",1667,0.1,"D012607","C11.966.811",0,"Description: A localized defect in the visual field bordered by<br>an area of normal vision. This occurs with a variety of EYE<br>DISEASES (e.g., RETINAL DISEASES and GLAUCOMA); OPTIC NERVE<br>DISEASES, and other conditions.",""],["Eye Infections, Parasitic",5051,0.2,"D015822","C11.294.725",3,"Description: Mild to severe infections of the eye and its<br>adjacent structures (adnexa) by adult or larval protozoan or<br>metazoan parasites.",""],["Trachoma",3894,0.1,"D014141","C11.204.813",0,"Description: A chronic infection of the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA<br>caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.",""],["Vitreous Hemorrhage",1223,0.0,"D014823","C11.290.960",0,"Description: Hemorrhage into the VITREOUS BODY.",""],["Optic Atrophies, Hereditary",2795,0.1,"D015418","C11.270.564",3,"Description: Hereditary conditions that feature progressive<br>visual loss in association with optic atrophy. Relatively common<br>forms include autosomal dominant optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHY,<br>AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT) and Leber hereditary optic atrophy (OPTIC<br>ATROPHY, HEREDITARY, LEBER).",""],["Xerophthalmia",853,0.0,"D014985","C11.187.810",0,"Description: Dryness of the eye surfaces caused by deficiency of<br>tears or conjunctival secretions. It may be associated with<br>vitamin A deficiency, trauma, or any condition in which the<br>eyelids do not close completely.",""],["Vision, Low",3177,0.1,"D015354","C11.966.905",0,"Description: Vision considered to be inferior to normal vision as<br>represented by accepted standards of acuity, field of vision, or<br>motility. Low vision generally refers to visual disorders that<br>are caused by diseases that cannot be corrected by refraction<br>(e.g., MACULAR DEGENERATION; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; DIABETIC<br>RETINOPATHY, etc.).",""],["Retinal Artery Occlusion",2612,0.1,"D015356","C11.768.400",1,"Description: Sudden ISCHEMIA in the RETINA due to blocked blood<br>flow through the CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY or its branches leading<br>to sudden complete or partial loss of vision, respectively, in<br>the eye.",""],["Scleritis",1444,0.1,"D015423","C11.790.500",0,"Description: Refers to any inflammation of the sclera including<br>episcleritis, a benign condition affecting only the episclera,<br>which is generally short-lived and easily treated. Classic<br>scleritis, on the other hand, affects deeper tissue and is<br>characterized by higher rates of visual acuity loss and even<br>mortality, particularly in necrotizing form. Its characteristic<br>symptom is severe and general head pain. Scleritis has also been<br>associated with systemic collagen disease. Etiology is unknown<br>but is thought to involve a local immune response. Treatment is<br>difficult and includes administration of anti-inflammatory and<br>immunosuppressive agents such as corticosteroids. Inflammation of<br>the sclera may also be secondary to inflammation of adjacent<br>tissues, such as the conjunctiva.",""],["Optic Disk Drusen",509,0.0,"D015594","C11.640.513",0,"Description: Optic disk bodies composed primarily of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides that may produce pseudopapilledema (elevation<br>of the optic disk without associated INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION)<br>and visual field deficits. Drusen may also occur in the retina<br>(see RETINAL DRUSEN). (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-<br>Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p355)",""],["Corneal Edema",1184,0.0,"D015715","C11.204.267",0,"Description: An excessive amount of fluid in the cornea due to<br>damage of the epithelium or endothelium causing decreased visual<br>acuity.",""],["Aniridia",880,0.0,"D015783","C11.250.060",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which there is only a<br>rudimentary iris. This is due to the failure of the optic cup to<br>grow. Aniridia also occurs in a hereditary form, usually<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Aniridia",880,0.0,"D015783","C11.270.060",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which there is only a<br>rudimentary iris. This is due to the failure of the optic cup to<br>grow. Aniridia also occurs in a hereditary form, usually<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Retinal Dysplasia",155,0.0,"D015792","C11.250.666",0,"Description: Congenital, often bilateral, retinal abnormality<br>characterized by the arrangement of outer nuclear retinal cells<br>in a palisading or radiating pattern surrounding a central ocular<br>space. This disorder is sometimes hereditary.",""],["Retinal Dysplasia",155,0.0,"D015792","C11.270.660",0,"Description: Congenital, often bilateral, retinal abnormality<br>characterized by the arrangement of outer nuclear retinal cells<br>in a palisading or radiating pattern surrounding a central ocular<br>space. This disorder is sometimes hereditary.",""],["Retinal Dysplasia",155,0.0,"D015792","C11.768.660",0,"Description: Congenital, often bilateral, retinal abnormality<br>characterized by the arrangement of outer nuclear retinal cells<br>in a palisading or radiating pattern surrounding a central ocular<br>space. This disorder is sometimes hereditary.",""],["Choroideremia",404,0.0,"D015794","C11.270.142",0,"Description: An X chromosome-linked abnormality characterized by<br>atrophy of the choroid and degeneration of the retinal pigment<br>epithelium causing night blindness.",""],["Gyrate Atrophy",170,0.0,"D015799","C11.270.468",0,"Description: Progressive, autosomal recessive, diffuse atrophy of<br>the choroid, pigment epithelium, and sensory retina that begins<br>in childhood.",""],["Enophthalmos",583,0.0,"D015841","C11.675.319",0,"Description: Recession of the eyeball into the orbit.",""],["Anisometropia",656,0.0,"D015858","C11.744.126",0,"Description: A condition of an inequality of refractive power of<br>the two eyes.",""],["Retinal Neovascularization",2689,0.1,"D015861","C11.768.725",0,"Description: Formation of new blood vessels originating from the<br>retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of<br>the retina.",""],["Anisocoria",263,0.0,"D015875","C11.710.090",0,"Description: Unequal pupil size, which may represent a benign<br>physiologic variant or a manifestation of disease. Pathologic<br>anisocoria reflects an abnormality in the musculature of the iris<br>(IRIS DISEASES) or in the parasympathetic or sympathetic pathways<br>that innervate the pupil. Physiologic anisocoria refers to an<br>asymmetry of pupil diameter, usually less than 2mm, that is not<br>associated with disease.",""],["Mydriasis",545,0.0,"D015878","C11.710.570",0,"Description: Dilation of pupils to greater than 6 mm combined<br>with failure of the pupils to constrict when stimulated with<br>light. This condition may occur due to injury of the pupillary<br>fibers in the oculomotor nerve, in acute angle-closure glaucoma,<br>and in ADIE SYNDROME.",""],["Corneal Neovascularization",1232,0.0,"D016510","C11.204.290",0,"Description: New blood vessels originating from the corneal blood<br>vessels and extending from the limbus into the adjacent CORNEAL<br>STROMA. Neovascularization in the superficial and/or deep corneal<br>stroma is a sequel to numerous inflammatory diseases of the<br>ocular anterior segment, such as TRACHOMA, viral interstitial<br>KERATITIS, microbial KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS, and the immune<br>response elicited by CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Blepharophimosis",398,0.0,"D016569","C11.250.090",0,"Description: The abnormal narrowness of the palpebral fissure in<br>the horizontal direction caused by the lateral displacement of<br>the medial canthi of the eyelids. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Blepharophimosis",398,0.0,"D016569","C11.338.190",0,"Description: The abnormal narrowness of the palpebral fissure in<br>the horizontal direction caused by the lateral displacement of<br>the medial canthi of the eyelids. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Orbital Pseudotumor",676,0.0,"D016727","C11.675.679",0,"Description: A nonspecific tumor-like inflammatory lesion in the<br>ORBIT of the eye. It is usually composed of mature LYMPHOCYTES;<br>PLASMA CELLS; MACROPHAGES; LEUKOCYTES with varying degrees of<br>FIBROSIS. Orbital pseudotumors are often associated with<br>inflammation of the extraocular muscles (ORBITAL MYOSITIS) or<br>inflammation of the lacrimal glands (DACRYOADENITIS).",""],["Chalazion",248,0.0,"D017043","C11.338.300",0,"Description: A non-neoplastic cyst of the MEIBOMIAN GLANDS of the<br>eyelid.",""],["Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative",1403,0.1,"D018630","C11.768.890",0,"Description: Vitreoretinal membrane shrinkage or contraction<br>secondary to the proliferation of primarily retinal pigment<br>epithelial cells and glial cells, particularly fibrous<br>astrocytes, followed by membrane formation. The formation of<br>fibrillar collagen and cellular proliferation appear to be the<br>basis for the contractile properties of the epiretinal and<br>vitreous membranes.",""],["Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic",1786,0.1,"D018917","C11.640.643",0,"Description: Ischemic injury to the OPTIC NERVE which usually<br>affects the OPTIC DISK (optic neuropathy, anterior ischemic) and<br>less frequently the retrobulbar portion of the nerve (optic<br>neuropathy, posterior ischemic). The injury results from<br>occlusion of arterial blood supply which may result from TEMPORAL<br>ARTERITIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; COLLAGEN DISEASES; EMBOLISM; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; and other conditions. The disease primarily occurs in<br>the sixth decade or later and presents with the sudden onset of<br>painless and usually severe monocular visual loss. Anterior<br>ischemic optic neuropathy also features optic disk edema with<br>microhemorrhages. The optic disk appears normal in posterior<br>ischemic optic neuropathy. (Glaser, Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2nd ed,<br>p135)",""],["Retrobulbar Hemorrhage",249,0.0,"D019315","C11.675.700",0,"Description: Hemorrhage within the orbital cavity, posterior to<br>the eyeball.",""],["Optic Nerve Neoplasms",1516,0.1,"D019574","C11.640.544",1,"Description: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from the<br>optic nerve or its sheath. OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA is the most common<br>histologic type. Optic nerve neoplasms tend to cause unilateral<br>visual loss and an afferent pupillary defect and may spread via<br>neural pathways to the brain.",""],["Epiretinal Membrane",2148,0.1,"D019773","C11.768.328",0,"Description: A membrane on the vitreal surface of the retina<br>resulting from the proliferation of one or more of three retinal<br>elements: (1) fibrous astrocytes; (2) fibrocytes; and (3) RETINAL<br>PIGMENT EPITHELIUM. Localized epiretinal membranes may occur at<br>the posterior pole of the eye without clinical signs or may cause<br>marked loss of vision as a result of covering, distorting, or<br>detaching the FOVEA CENTRALIS. Epiretinal membranes may cause<br>vascular leakage and secondary retinal edema. In younger<br>individuals some membranes appear to be developmental in origin<br>and occur in otherwise normal eyes. The majority occur in<br>association with RETINAL HOLES, ocular concussions, retinal<br>inflammation, or after ocular surgery. (Newell, Ophthalmology:<br>Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p291)",""],["Miller Fisher Syndrome",725,0.0,"D019846","C11.590.312",0,"Description: A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME<br>characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction,<br>ataxia, and loss of deep tendon reflexes with relative sparing of<br>strength in the extremities and trunk. The ataxia is produced by<br>peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction and not by cerebellar<br>injury. Facial weakness and sensory loss may also occur. The<br>process is mediated by autoantibodies directed against a<br>component of myelin found in peripheral nerves. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1313; Neurology 1987<br>Sep;37(9):1493-8)",""],["Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome",272,0.0,"D020333","C11.590.905",0,"Description: An idiopathic syndrome characterized by the<br>formation of granulation tissue in the anterior cavernous sinus<br>or superior orbital fissure, producing a painful ophthalmoplegia.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p271)",""],["Photophobia",469,0.0,"D020795","C11.966.741",0,"Description: Abnormal sensitivity to light. This may occur as a<br>manifestation of EYE DISEASES; MIGRAINE; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE;<br>MENINGITIS; and other disorders. Photophobia may also occur in<br>association with DEPRESSION and other MENTAL DISORDERS.",""],["Retinal Vasculitis",798,0.0,"D031300","C11.768.757",0,"Description: Inflammation of the retinal vasculature with various<br>causes including infectious disease; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS,<br>SYSTEMIC; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; BEHCET SYNDROME; and<br>CHORIORETINITIS.",""],["Graves Ophthalmopathy",2850,0.1,"D049970","C11.270.240",0,"Description: An autoimmune disorder of the EYE, occurring in<br>patients with Graves disease. Subtypes include congestive<br>(inflammation of the orbital connective tissue), myopathic<br>(swelling and dysfunction of the extraocular muscles), and mixed<br>congestive-myopathic ophthalmopathy.",""],["Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome",405,0.0,"D053578","C11.590.725",0,"Description: A neurological condition that is characterized by<br>uncontrolled rapid irregular movements of the eye (OPSOCLONUS)<br>and the muscle (MYOCLONUS) causing unsteady, trembling gait. It<br>is also known as dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome and is often<br>associated with neoplasms, viral infections, or autoimmune<br>disorders involving the nervous system.",""],["Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous",164,0.0,"D054514","C11.250.616",0,"Description: A developmental ocular anomaly in which the primary<br>VITREOUS BODY and its surrounding hyaloid vasculature failed to<br>regress. It is usually unilateral and characterized by CATARACT;<br>MICROPHTHALMOS (small eyeballs), and retrolenticular<br>fibrovascular tissue. (from Yanoff: Ophthalmology, 2nd ed.)",""],["Orbital Cellulitis",633,0.0,"D054517","C11.675.387",0,"Description: Inflammation of the loose connective tissues around<br>the ORBIT, bony structure around the eyeball. It is characterized<br>by PAIN; EDEMA of the CONJUNCTIVA; swelling of the EYELIDS;<br>EXOPHTHALMOS; limited eye movement; and loss of vision.",""],["Orbital Myositis",165,0.0,"D055622","C11.675.426",0,"Description: Inflammation of the extraocular muscle of the eye.<br>It is characterized by swelling which can lead to ischemia,<br>fibrosis, or ORBITAL PSEUDOTUMOR.",""],["Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss",405,0.0,"D055954","C11.204.278",0,"Description: Loss of CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM usually following<br>intraocular surgery (e.g., cataract surgery) or due to FUCHS'<br>ENDOTHELIAL DYSTROPHY; ANGLE-CLOSURE GLAUCOMA; IRITIS; or aging.",""],["Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss",405,0.0,"D055954","C11.300.250",0,"Description: Loss of CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM usually following<br>intraocular surgery (e.g., cataract surgery) or due to FUCHS'<br>ENDOTHELIAL DYSTROPHY; ANGLE-CLOSURE GLAUCOMA; IRITIS; or aging.",""],["Susac Syndrome",301,0.0,"D055955","C11.966.858",0,"Description: A rare disorder consisting of microangiopathy of<br>brain, retina, and inner ear ARTERIOLES. It is characterized by<br>the clinical triad of encephalopathy, BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY<br>OCCLUSION and VERTIGO/hearing loss.",""],["Central Serous Chorioretinopathy",1468,0.1,"D056833","C11.768.175",0,"Description: A visual impairment characterized by the<br>accumulation of fluid under the retina through a defect in the<br>retinal pigment epithelium.",""],["Weill-Marchesani Syndrome",45,0.0,"D056846","C11.270.921",0,"Description: Rare congenital disorder of connective tissue<br>characterized by brachydactyly, joint stiffness, childhood onset<br>of ocular abnormalities (e.g., microspherophakia, ECTOPIA LENTIS;<br>GLAUCOMA), and proportionate short stature. Cardiovascular<br>anomalies are occasionally seen.",""],["Low Tension Glaucoma",794,0.0,"D057066","C11.640.225",0,"Description: A form of glaucoma in which chronic optic nerve<br>damage and loss of vision normally attributable to buildup of<br>intraocular pressure occurs despite prevailing conditions of<br>normal intraocular pressure.",""],["Corneal Wavefront Aberration",631,0.0,"D057108","C11.204.431",0,"Description: Asymmetries in the topography and refractive index<br>of the corneal surface that affect visual acuity.",""],["Corneal Wavefront Aberration",631,0.0,"D057108","C11.744.345",0,"Description: Asymmetries in the topography and refractive index<br>of the corneal surface that affect visual acuity.",""],["Corneal Injuries",3007,0.1,"D065306","C11.204.284",1,"Description: Damage or trauma inflicted to the CORNEA by external<br>means.",""],["Corneal Injuries",3007,0.1,"D065306","C11.297.374",1,"Description: Damage or trauma inflicted to the CORNEA by external<br>means.",""],["Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome",122,0.0,"D057129","C11.204.497",0,"Description: A grouping of three closely linked conditions: iris<br>nevus (or Cogan-Reese) syndrome, Chandler Syndrome, and essential<br>(progressive) iris atrophy. The most common features of this<br>syndrome are the movement of endothelial cells off the cornea<br>onto the iris leading to corneal swelling, distortion of the<br>iris, and variable degrees of distortion of the pupil. The<br>abnormal cell movement plugs fluid outflow channels of the eye<br>causing GLAUCOMA.",""],["Leber Congenital Amaurosis",526,0.0,"D057130","C11.270.516",0,"Description: A rare degenerative inherited eye disease that<br>appears at birth or in the first few months of life that results<br>in a loss of vision. Not to be confused with LEBER HEREDITARY<br>OPTIC NEUROPATHY, the disease is thought to be caused by abnormal<br>development of PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS in the RETINA, or by the<br>extremely premature degeneration of retinal cells.",""],["Leber Congenital Amaurosis",526,0.0,"D057130","C11.768.364",0,"Description: A rare degenerative inherited eye disease that<br>appears at birth or in the first few months of life that results<br>in a loss of vision. Not to be confused with LEBER HEREDITARY<br>OPTIC NEUROPATHY, the disease is thought to be caused by abnormal<br>development of PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS in the RETINA, or by the<br>extremely premature degeneration of retinal cells.",""],["Posterior Capsular Rupture, Ocular",78,0.0,"D057851","C11.297.500",0,"Description: A breach in the continuity of the posterior chamber<br>of the eyeball.",""],["Anterior Capsular Rupture, Ocular",29,0.0,"D057971","C11.297.249",0,"Description: A breach in the continuity of the ANTERIOR CHAMBER<br>of the eyeball.",""],["Eye Pain",458,0.0,"D058447","C11.300.500",0,"Description: A dull or sharp painful sensation associated with<br>the outer or inner structures of the eyeball, having different<br>causes.",""],["Retinal Telangiectasis",559,0.0,"D058456","C11.768.748",0,"Description: A group of rare, idiopathic, congenital retinal<br>vascular anomalies affecting the retinal capillaries. It is<br>characterized by dilation and tortuosity of retinal vessels and<br>formation of multiple aneurysms, with different degrees of<br>leakage and exudates emanating from the blood vessels.",""],["Trichiasis",187,0.0,"D058457","C11.338.912",0,"Description: A disease of the eye in which the eyelashes<br>abnormally turn inwards toward the eyeball producing constant<br>irritation caused by motion of the lids.",""],["Walker-Warburg Syndrome",165,0.0,"D058494","C11.270.881",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive lissencephaly type 2<br>associated with congenital MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY and eye anomalies<br>(e.g., RETINAL DETACHMENT; CATARACT; MICROPHTHALMOS). It is often<br>associated with additional brain malformations such as<br>HYDROCEPHALY and cerebellar hypoplasia and is the most severe<br>form of the group of related syndromes (alpha-<br>dystroglycanopathies) with common congenital abnormalities in the<br>brain, eye and muscle development.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C11.250.390",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["Aicardi Syndrome",101,0.0,"D058540","C11.270.019",0,"Description: A rare genetic disorder characterized by partial or<br>complete absence of the CORPUS CALLOSUM, resulting in infantile<br>spasms, MENTAL RETARDATION, and lesions of the RETINA or OPTIC<br>NERVE.",""],["Pott Puffy Tumor",132,0.0,"D059369","C11.675.689",0,"Description: Infection of the FRONTAL BONE often as a<br>complication of FRONTAL SINUSITIS or trauma to the frontal bone<br>and skull. It is characterized by subperiosteal abscess with<br>OSTEOMYELITIS.",""],["Pinguecula",32,0.0,"D059407","C11.187.631",0,"Description: A yellowish thickened lesion on the conjunctiva near<br>the CORNEA representing a benign degenerative change in the<br>CONJUNCTIVA caused by the leakage and deposition of certain blood<br>proteins through the permeable capillaries near the LIMBUS.",""],["Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Ocular",198,0.0,"D059545","C11.319.466",0,"Description: Ocular manifestations secondary to various NEOPLASMS<br>in which antibodies to antigens of the primary tumor cross-react<br>with ocular antigens. This autoimmune response often leads to<br>visual loss and other ocular dysfunctions.",""],["Artificial Lens Implant Migration",261,0.0,"D060437","C11.510.174",0,"Description: The shifting and or tilting of implanted artificial<br>lens resulting in impaired vision.",""],["Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases",27132,1.0,"D007766","C11.496",7,"Description: Diseases of the LACRIMAL APPARATUS.",""],["Eye Diseases, Hereditary",49715,1.8,"D015785","C11.270",38,"Description: Transmission of gene defects or chromosomal<br>aberrations/abnormalities which are expressed in extreme<br>variation in the structure or function of the eye. These may be<br>evident at birth, but may be manifested later with progression of<br>the disorder.",""],["Retinal Diseases",155318,5.7,"D012164","C11.768",42,"Description: Diseases involving the RETINA.",""],["Eye Abnormalities",11991,0.4,"D005124","C11.250",15,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the eye; may also be hereditary.",""],["Uveal Diseases",70072,2.6,"D014603","C11.941",46,"Description: Diseases of the uvea.",""],["Eyelid Diseases",19932,0.7,"D005141","C11.338",11,"Description: Diseases involving the EYELIDS.",""],["Optic Nerve Diseases",32463,1.2,"D009901","C11.640",16,"Description: Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of<br>the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered<br>a component of the central nervous system. Damage to optic nerve<br>fibers may occur at or near their origin in the retina, at the<br>optic disk, or in the nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, or<br>lateral geniculate nuclei. Clinical manifestations may include<br>decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, impaired color<br>vision, and an afferent pupillary defect.",""],["Ocular Motility Disorders",39936,1.5,"D015835","C11.590",17,"Description: Disorders that feature impairment of eye movements<br>as a primary manifestation of disease. These conditions may be<br>divided into infranuclear, nuclear, and supranuclear disorders.<br>Diseases of the eye muscles or oculomotor cranial nerves (III,<br>IV, and VI) are considered infranuclear. Nuclear disorders are<br>caused by disease of the oculomotor, trochlear, or abducens<br>nuclei in the BRAIN STEM. Supranuclear disorders are produced by<br>dysfunction of higher order sensory and motor systems that<br>control eye movements, including neural networks in the CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX; BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; and BRAIN STEM. Ocular<br>torticollis refers to a head tilt that is caused by an ocular<br>misalignment. Opsoclonus refers to rapid, conjugate oscillations<br>of the eyes in multiple directions, which may occur as a<br>parainfectious or paraneoplastic condition (e.g., OPSOCLONUS-<br>MYOCLONUS SYNDROME). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p240)",""],["Pupil Disorders",4146,0.2,"D011681","C11.710",6,"Description: Conditions which affect the structure or function of<br>the pupil of the eye, including disorders of innervation to the<br>pupillary constrictor or dilator muscles, and disorders of<br>pupillary reflexes.",""],["Vision Disorders",56796,2.1,"D014786","C11.966",15,"Description: Visual impairments limiting one or more of the basic<br>functions of the eye: visual acuity, dark adaptation, color<br>vision, or peripheral vision. These may result from EYE DISEASES;<br>OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; VISUAL PATHWAY diseases; OCCIPITAL LOBE<br>diseases; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS; and other conditions (From<br>Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p132).",""],["Refractive Errors",32536,1.2,"D012030","C11.744",8,"Description: Deviations from the average or standard indices of<br>refraction of the eye through its dioptric or refractive<br>apparatus.",""],["Lens Diseases",28021,1.0,"D007905","C11.510",7,"Description: Diseases involving the CRYSTALLINE LENS.",""],["Corneal Diseases",55893,2.1,"D003316","C11.204",22,"Description: Diseases of the cornea.",""],["Asthenopia",754,0.0,"D001248","C11.093",0,"Description: Term generally used to describe complaints related<br>to refractive error, ocular muscle imbalance, including pain or<br>aching around the eyes, burning and itchiness of the eyelids,<br>ocular fatigue, and headaches.",""],["Eye Neoplasms",48274,1.8,"D005134","C11.319",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the EYE.",""],["Eye Hemorrhage",6646,0.2,"D005130","C11.290",4,"Description: Intraocular hemorrhage from the vessels of various<br>tissues of the eye.",""],["Conjunctival Diseases",28517,1.1,"D003229","C11.187",16,"Description: Diseases involving the CONJUNCTIVA.",""],["Eye Infections",43879,1.6,"D015817","C11.294",27,"Description: Infection, moderate to severe, caused by bacteria,<br>fungi, or viruses, which occurs either on the external surface of<br>the eye or intraocularly with probable inflammation, visual<br>impairment, or blindness.",""],["Orbital Diseases",36717,1.4,"D009916","C11.675",10,"Description: Diseases of the bony orbit and contents except the<br>eyeball.",""],["Eye Injuries",13413,0.5,"D005131","C11.297",4,"Description: Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external<br>means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular<br>injuries.",""],["Eye Manifestations",2708,0.1,"D005132","C11.300",2,"Description: Ocular disorders attendant upon non-ocular disease<br>or injury.",""],["Ocular Hypertension",58102,2.1,"D009798","C11.525",6,"Description: A condition in which the intraocular pressure is<br>elevated above normal and which may lead to glaucoma.",""],["Scleral Diseases",2330,0.1,"D015422","C11.790",1,"Description: General disorders of the sclera or white of the eye.<br>They may include anatomic, embryologic, degenerative, or<br>pigmentation defects.",""],["Ocular Hypotension",687,0.0,"D015814","C11.540",0,"Description: Abnormally low intraocular pressure often related to<br>chronic inflammation (uveitis).",""],["Vitreous Detachment",726,0.0,"D020255","C11.980",0,"Description: Detachment of the corpus vitreum (VITREOUS BODY)<br>from its normal attachments, especially the retina, due to<br>shrinkage from degenerative or inflammatory conditions, trauma,<br>myopia, or senility.",""],["Cogan Syndrome",248,0.0,"D055952","C11.180",0,"Description: A condition consisting of inflammatory eye disease<br>usually presenting as interstitial KERATITIS, vestibuloauditory<br>dysfunction, and large- to medium-vessel vasculitis.",""],["Eye Diseases",855936,31.5,"D005128","C11",355,"Description: Diseases affecting the eye.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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ainder","customdata":[["Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous",643,0.0,"D011705","C12.050.351.968.419.570.643.790.810",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory condition of the KIDNEY<br>resulting in diffuse renal destruction, a grossly enlarged and<br>nonfunctioning kidney associated with NEPHROLITHIASIS and KIDNEY<br>STONES.",""],["Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous",643,0.0,"D011705","C12.050.351.968.419.570.821.717.810",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory condition of the KIDNEY<br>resulting in diffuse renal destruction, a grossly enlarged and<br>nonfunctioning kidney associated with NEPHROLITHIASIS and KIDNEY<br>STONES.",""],["Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal",768,0.0,"D018203","C12.050.351.500.852.762.200.500.500",0,"Description: A highly malignant subset of neoplasms arising from<br>the endometrial stroma. Tumors in this group infiltrate the<br>stroma with a wide range of atypia cells and numerous mitoses.<br>They are capable of widespread metastases (NEOPLASM METASTASIS).",""],["Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal",768,0.0,"D018203","C12.050.351.937.418.875.200.374.500",0,"Description: A highly malignant subset of neoplasms arising from<br>the endometrial stroma. Tumors in this group infiltrate the<br>stroma with a wide range of atypia cells and numerous mitoses.<br>They are capable of widespread metastases (NEOPLASM METASTASIS).",""],["Frasier Syndrome",43,0.0,"D052159","C12.050.351.968.419.780.750.500.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE<br>and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of<br>46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is<br>caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor<br>gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Staghorn Calculi",109,0.0,"D000069856","C12.050.351.968.419.600.500.500",0,"Description: Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like<br>antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of<br>the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as<br>other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.",""],["Staghorn Calculi",109,0.0,"D000069856","C12.050.351.968.967.249.500.500",0,"Description: Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like<br>antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of<br>the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as<br>other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.",""],["Staghorn Calculi",109,0.0,"D000069856","C12.050.351.968.967.500.503.500",0,"Description: Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like<br>antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of<br>the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as<br>other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.",""],["Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial",2303,0.0,"D000077216","C12.050.351.500.056.630.705.350",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the<br>surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of<br>ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary<br>serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional<br>cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1,<br>RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Balkan Nephropathy",473,0.0,"D001449","C12.050.351.968.419.570.643.150",0,"Description: A form of chronic interstitial nephritis that is<br>endemic to limited areas of BULGARIA, the former YUGOSLAVIA, and<br>ROMANIA. It is characterized by a progressive shrinking of the<br>KIDNEYS that is often associated with uroepithelial tumors.",""],["Brenner Tumor",583,0.0,"D001948","C12.050.351.500.056.630.705.265",0,"Description: A smooth, solid or cystic fibroepithelial<br>(FIBROEPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS) tumor, usually found in the OVARIES<br>but can also be found in the adnexal region and the KIDNEYS. It<br>consists of a fibrous stroma with nests of epithelial cells that<br>sometimes resemble the transitional cells lining the urinary<br>bladder. Brenner tumors generally are benign and asymptomatic.<br>Malignant Brenner tumors have been reported.",""],["Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal",3060,0.0,"D002181","C12.050.351.500.894.906.820.500",0,"Description: Infection of the VULVA and VAGINA with a fungus of<br>the genus CANDIDA.",""],["Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal",3060,0.0,"D002181","C12.050.351.500.944.902.737.500",0,"Description: Infection of the VULVA and VAGINA with a fungus of<br>the genus CANDIDA.",""],["Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive",427,0.0,"D002820","C12.050.703.720.949.416.875.500",0,"Description: A uterine tumor derived from persistent gestational<br>TROPHOBLASTS, most likely after a molar pregnancy (HYDATIDIFORM<br>MOLE). Invasive hyadatiform mole develops in about 15% of<br>patients after evacuation of a complete mole and less frequently<br>after other types of gestation. It may perforate the MYOMETRIUM<br>and erode uterine vessels causing hemorrhage.",""],["Cystinuria",1232,0.0,"D003555","C12.050.351.968.419.815.885.250",0,"Description: An inherited disorder due to defective reabsorption<br>of CYSTINE and other BASIC AMINO ACIDS by the PROXIMAL RENAL<br>TUBULES. This form of aminoaciduria is characterized by the<br>abnormally high urinary levels of cystine; LYSINE; ARGININE; and<br>ORNITHINE. Mutations involve the amino acid transport protein<br>gene SLC3A1.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, IGA",6831,0.0,"D005922","C12.050.351.968.419.570.363.608",0,"Description: A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized<br>by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial<br>area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may<br>progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE.",""],["Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental",4450,0.0,"D005923","C12.050.351.968.419.570.363.640",0,"Description: A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term<br>for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary<br>or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced<br>GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially<br>indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis)<br>or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli<br>leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE.",""],["Granulosa Cell Tumor",2192,0.0,"D006106","C12.050.351.500.056.630.705.398",0,"Description: A neoplasm composed entirely of GRANULOSA CELLS,<br>occurring mostly in the OVARY. In the adult form, it may contain<br>some THECA CELLS. This tumor often produces ESTRADIOL and<br>INHIBIN. The excess estrogen exposure can lead to other<br>malignancies in women and PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY in girls. In rare<br>cases, granulosa cell tumors have been identified in the TESTES.",""],["Hartnup Disease",153,0.0,"D006250","C12.050.351.968.419.815.885.625",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective<br>absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the<br>PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN,<br>a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency,<br>PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional<br>instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the<br>neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.",""],["Kidney Failure, Chronic",79441,0.2,"D007676","C12.050.351.968.419.780.750.500",1,"Description: The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is<br>characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as<br>measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in<br>GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney<br>Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002).<br>These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY<br>TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute",1418,0.0,"D007683","C12.050.351.968.419.780.050.500",0,"Description: Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of<br>EPITHELIAL CELLS of the KIDNEY TUBULES. It is commonly attributed<br>to exposure to toxic agents or renal ISCHEMIA following severe<br>TRAUMA.",""],["Lupus Nephritis",6841,0.0,"D008181","C12.050.351.968.419.570.363.680",0,"Description: Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune<br>disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is<br>histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal<br>glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III -<br>focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse<br>glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous<br>glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing<br>glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification<br>1982).",""],["Meigs Syndrome",563,0.0,"D008539","C12.050.351.500.056.630.705.531",0,"Description: The triad of benign FIBROMA or other ovarian tumors<br>with ASCITES, and HYDROTHORAX due to large PLEURAL EFFUSIONS.",""],["Polycystic Ovary Syndrome",16421,0.0,"D011085","C12.050.351.500.056.630.580.765",0,"Description: A complex disorder characterized by infertility,<br>HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as<br>OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary<br>syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries<br>studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term,<br>polycystic ovary, is misleading.",""],["Pyelonephritis",10496,0.0,"D011704","C12.050.351.968.419.570.643.790",1,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal<br>parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It<br>is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and<br>occasionally DIARRHEA.",""],["Pyelonephritis",10496,0.0,"D011704","C12.050.351.968.419.570.821.717",1,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal<br>parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It<br>is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and<br>occasionally DIARRHEA.",""],["Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous",643,0.0,"D011705","C12.200.777.419.570.643.790.810",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory condition of the KIDNEY<br>resulting in diffuse renal destruction, a grossly enlarged and<br>nonfunctioning kidney associated with NEPHROLITHIASIS and KIDNEY<br>STONES.",""],["Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous",643,0.0,"D011705","C12.200.777.419.570.821.717.810",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory condition of the KIDNEY<br>resulting in diffuse renal destruction, a grossly enlarged and<br>nonfunctioning kidney associated with NEPHROLITHIASIS and KIDNEY<br>STONES.",""],["Thecoma",784,0.0,"D013798","C12.050.351.500.056.630.705.765",0,"Description: A gonadal stromal neoplasm composed only of THECA<br>CELLS, occurring mostly in the postmenopausal OVARY. It is filled<br>with lipid-containing spindle cells and produces ESTROGENS that<br>can lead to ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA; UTERINE HEMORRHAGE; or other<br>malignancies in postmenopausal women and sexual precocity in<br>girls. When tumors containing theca cells also contain<br>FIBROBLASTS, they are identified as thecoma-fibroma tumors with<br>less active hormone production.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative",2292,0.0,"D015432","C12.050.351.968.419.570.363.615",0,"Description: Chronic glomerulonephritis characterized<br>histologically by proliferation of MESANGIAL CELLS, increase in<br>the MESANGIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a thickening of the<br>glomerular capillary walls. This may appear as a primary disorder<br>or secondary to other diseases including infections and<br>autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Various subtypes<br>are classified by their abnormal ultrastructures and immune<br>deposits. Hypocomplementemia is a characteristic feature of all<br>types of MPGN.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, Membranous",3519,0.0,"D015433","C12.050.351.968.419.570.363.625",0,"Description: A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized<br>by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE<br>ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT<br>MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to<br>basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the<br>basement membrane.",""],["Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant",4073,0.0,"D016891","C12.050.351.968.419.403.875.500",0,"Description: Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance<br>and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS with<br>progressive deterioration of renal function.",""],["Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive",656,0.0,"D017044","C12.050.351.968.419.403.875.510",0,"Description: A genetic disorder with autosomal recessive<br>inheritance, characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS and<br>associated LIVER lesions. Serious manifestations are usually<br>present at BIRTH with high PERINATAL MORTALITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C12.050.351.937.820.535.585.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C12.050.351.968.419.473.585.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Endometrial Stromal Tumors",947,0.0,"D036821","C12.050.351.500.852.762.200.500",1,"Description: Neoplasms of the endometrial stroma that sometimes<br>involve the MYOMETRIUM. These tumors contain cells that may<br>closely or remotely resemble the normal stromal cells.<br>Endometrial stromal neoplasms are divided into three categories:<br>(1) benign stromal nodules; (2) low-grade stromal sarcoma, or<br>endolymphatic stromal myosis; and (3) malignant endometrial<br>stromal sarcoma (SARCOMA, ENDOMETRIAL STROMAL).",""],["Endometrial Stromal Tumors",947,0.0,"D036821","C12.050.351.937.418.875.200.374",1,"Description: Neoplasms of the endometrial stroma that sometimes<br>involve the MYOMETRIUM. These tumors contain cells that may<br>closely or remotely resemble the normal stromal cells.<br>Endometrial stromal neoplasms are divided into three categories:<br>(1) benign stromal nodules; (2) low-grade stromal sarcoma, or<br>endolymphatic stromal myosis; and (3) malignant endometrial<br>stromal sarcoma (SARCOMA, ENDOMETRIAL STROMAL).",""],["Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal",768,0.0,"D018203","C12.100.250.852.762.200.500.500",0,"Description: A highly malignant subset of neoplasms arising from<br>the endometrial stroma. Tumors in this group infiltrate the<br>stroma with a wide range of atypia cells and numerous mitoses.<br>They are capable of widespread metastases (NEOPLASM METASTASIS).",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C12.050.351.875.253.096.687.500",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C12.050.351.875.253.309.388.500",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Carcinoma, Endometrioid",3213,0.0,"D018269","C12.050.351.500.056.630.705.331",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of<br>cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a<br>common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL<br>CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this<br>form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.",""],["Carcinoma, Endometrioid",3213,0.0,"D018269","C12.050.351.937.418.875.200.124",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of<br>cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a<br>common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL<br>CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this<br>form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",755,0.0,"D018310","C12.050.351.500.056.630.705.648",0,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Luteoma",79,0.0,"D018311","C12.050.351.500.056.630.705.464",0,"Description: An ovarian neoplasm composed of LUTEAL CELLS derived<br>from luteinized GRANULOSA CELLS and THECA CELLS. Luteomas respond<br>to GONADOTROPINS, and vary in their hormone production<br>(PROGESTERONE; ESTROGENS; or ANDROGENS). During PREGNANCY, a<br>transient type of luteoma may develop due to an exaggerated<br>LUTEINIZATION of the OVARY.",""],["Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease",1817,0.0,"D019867","C12.050.351.968.419.570.363.304",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease of the KIDNEY and the LUNG. It<br>is characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies<br>targeting the epitopes in the non-collagenous domains of COLLAGEN<br>TYPE IV in the basement membranes of kidney glomeruli (KIDNEY<br>GLOMERULUS) and lung alveoli (PULMONARY ALVEOLI), and the<br>subsequent destruction of these basement membranes. Clinical<br>features include pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage and<br>glomerulonephritis.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C12.050.351.937.820.535.585.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C12.050.351.968.419.473.585.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Frasier Syndrome",43,0.0,"D052159","C12.200.777.419.780.750.500.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE<br>and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of<br>46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is<br>caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor<br>gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C12.050.351.968.419.815.647.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Pyelocystitis",52,0.0,"D053653","C12.050.351.968.419.570.821.358",0,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and the URINARY<br>BLADDER.",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C12.050.351.500.056.630.705.431",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Atypical Squamous Cells of the Cervix",237,0.0,"D065309","C12.050.351.500.852.593.074.249",0,"Description: Morphological abnormalities of the cervical<br>EPITHELIUM, usually revealed in PAP SMEAR, which do not meet the<br>criteria for squamous CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA or<br>SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS of the CERVIX . It may be a sign of<br>infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).or<br>sign of a benign (not cancer) growth, such as a cyst or polyp or,<br>in menopausal women, of low hormone levels. More testing, such as<br>HPV test, may be needed.",""],["Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix",591,0.0,"D065310","C12.050.351.500.852.593.074.500",0,"Description: A cytological test finding often from PAP SMEARS<br>that shows abnormal lesions of SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS of the<br>CERVIX. It is a diagnostic criterion used in the Bethesda System<br>for UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS and represents the PAP TEST result<br>that is abnormal. Although squamous intraepithelial lesions test<br>result does not mean UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS it requires<br>follow-ups (e.g., HPV DNA TESTS; and COLPOSCOPY).",""],["Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome",832,0.0,"D065766","C12.050.351.968.419.936.463.500",0,"Description: An hereditary hemolytic uremic syndrome associated<br>with variations in the gene that encodes COMPLEMENT FACTOR H, or<br>the related proteins CFHR1 and CFHR3. Disease often progresses to<br>CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE without the prodromal symptoms of<br>ENTEROCOLITIS and DIARRHEA that characterize typical hemolytic<br>uremic syndrome.",""],["Kidney Calculi",17862,0.0,"D007669","C12.050.351.968.419.600.500",1,"Description: Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-<br>collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary<br>and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.",""],["Kidney Calculi",17862,0.0,"D007669","C12.050.351.968.967.249.500",1,"Description: Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-<br>collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary<br>and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.",""],["Kidney Calculi",17862,0.0,"D007669","C12.050.351.968.967.500.503",1,"Description: Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-<br>collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary<br>and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.",""],["Staghorn Calculi",109,0.0,"D000069856","C12.200.777.419.600.500.500",0,"Description: Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like<br>antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of<br>the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as<br>other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.",""],["Staghorn Calculi",109,0.0,"D000069856","C12.200.777.967.249.500.500",0,"Description: Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like<br>antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of<br>the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as<br>other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.",""],["Staghorn Calculi",109,0.0,"D000069856","C12.200.777.967.500.503.500",0,"Description: Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like<br>antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of<br>the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as<br>other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.",""],["Ovarian Neoplasms",94919,0.2,"D010051","C12.050.351.500.056.630.705",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can<br>be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the<br>tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal<br>endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.",""],["Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial",2303,0.0,"D000077216","C12.050.351.937.418.685.350",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the<br>surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of<br>ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary<br>serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional<br>cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1,<br>RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial",2303,0.0,"D000077216","C12.100.250.056.630.705.350",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the<br>surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of<br>ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary<br>serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional<br>cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1,<br>RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Ovarian Torsion",75,0.0,"D000082843","C12.050.351.500.056.630.728",0,"Description: A condition that occurs when an ovary twists around<br>the ligaments that hold it in place. This twisting can cut off<br>blood flow. It usually affects only one ovary.",""],["Acidosis, Renal Tubular",2382,0.0,"D000141","C12.050.351.968.419.815.093",0,"Description: A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES<br>characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids<br>with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS.<br>Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low<br>renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications<br>such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and<br>NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS.",""],["Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital",6855,0.0,"D000312","C12.050.351.875.253.090.500",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL<br>GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol<br>(HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of<br>precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance,<br>congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting,<br>hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID<br>21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-<br>HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase<br>(3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-<br>REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among<br>others, underlie these disorders.",""],["Albuminuria",8814,0.0,"D000419","C12.050.351.968.934.734.269",0,"Description: The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator<br>of KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Renal Aminoacidurias",1873,0.0,"D000608","C12.050.351.968.419.815.885",2,"Description: A group of inherited kidney disorders characterized<br>by the abnormally elevated levels of AMINO ACIDS in URINE.<br>Genetic mutations of transport proteins result in the defective<br>reabsorption of free amino acids at the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES.<br>Renal aminoaciduria are classified by the specific amino acid or<br>acids involved.",""],["Anovulation",1365,0.0,"D000858","C12.050.351.500.056.630.050",0,"Description: Suspension or cessation of OVULATION in animals or<br>humans with follicle-containing ovaries (OVARIAN FOLLICLE).<br>Depending on the etiology, OVULATION may be induced with<br>appropriate therapy.",""],["Nephritis, Interstitial",15855,0.0,"D009395","C12.050.351.968.419.570.643",3,"Description: Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the<br>kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of<br>KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary<br>inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS.<br>Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial<br>compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the<br>tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.",""],["Balkan Nephropathy",473,0.0,"D001449","C12.200.777.419.570.643.150",0,"Description: A form of chronic interstitial nephritis that is<br>endemic to limited areas of BULGARIA, the former YUGOSLAVIA, and<br>ROMANIA. It is characterized by a progressive shrinking of the<br>KIDNEYS that is often associated with uroepithelial tumors.",""],["Bartter Syndrome",1394,0.0,"D001477","C12.050.351.968.419.815.279",0,"Description: A group of disorders caused by defective salt<br>reabsorption in the ascending LOOP OF HENLE. It is characterized<br>by severe salt-wasting, HYPOKALEMIA; HYPERCALCIURIA; metabolic<br>ALKALOSIS, and hyper-reninemic HYPERALDOSTERONISM without<br>HYPERTENSION. There are several subtypes including ones due to<br>mutations in the renal specific SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE<br>SYMPORTERS.",""],["Urinary Bladder Calculi",1974,0.0,"D001744","C12.050.351.968.967.500.925",0,"Description: Stones in the URINARY BLADDER; also known as vesical<br>calculi, bladder stones, or cystoliths.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction",3620,0.0,"D001748","C12.050.351.968.767.700.850",0,"Description: Blocked urine flow through the bladder neck, the<br>narrow internal urethral opening at the base of the URINARY<br>BLADDER. Narrowing or strictures of the URETHRA can be congenital<br>or acquired. It is often observed in males with enlarged PROSTATE<br>glands.",""],["Brenner Tumor",583,0.0,"D001948","C12.050.351.937.418.685.265",0,"Description: A smooth, solid or cystic fibroepithelial<br>(FIBROEPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS) tumor, usually found in the OVARIES<br>but can also be found in the adnexal region and the KIDNEYS. It<br>consists of a fibrous stroma with nests of epithelial cells that<br>sometimes resemble the transitional cells lining the urinary<br>bladder. Brenner tumors generally are benign and asymptomatic.<br>Malignant Brenner tumors have been reported.",""],["Brenner Tumor",583,0.0,"D001948","C12.100.250.056.630.705.265",0,"Description: A smooth, solid or cystic fibroepithelial<br>(FIBROEPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS) tumor, usually found in the OVARIES<br>but can also be found in the adnexal region and the KIDNEYS. It<br>consists of a fibrous stroma with nests of epithelial cells that<br>sometimes resemble the transitional cells lining the urinary<br>bladder. Brenner tumors generally are benign and asymptomatic.<br>Malignant Brenner tumors have been reported.",""],["Vulvovaginitis",4417,0.0,"D014848","C12.050.351.500.894.906.820",1,"Description: Inflammation of the VULVA and the VAGINA,<br>characterized by discharge, burning, and PRURITUS.",""],["Vulvovaginitis",4417,0.0,"D014848","C12.050.351.500.944.902.737",1,"Description: Inflammation of the VULVA and the VAGINA,<br>characterized by discharge, burning, and PRURITUS.",""],["Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal",3060,0.0,"D002181","C12.100.250.894.906.820.500",0,"Description: Infection of the VULVA and VAGINA with a fungus of<br>the genus CANDIDA.",""],["Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal",3060,0.0,"D002181","C12.100.250.944.902.737.500",0,"Description: Infection of the VULVA and VAGINA with a fungus of<br>the genus CANDIDA.",""],["Carcinoma, Renal Cell",39256,0.1,"D002292","C12.050.351.937.820.535.160",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary<br>carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several<br>subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the<br>chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells<br>(sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.",""],["Carcinoma, Renal Cell",39256,0.1,"D002292","C12.050.351.968.419.473.160",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary<br>carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several<br>subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the<br>chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells<br>(sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.",""],["Uterine Cervicitis",1638,0.0,"D002575","C12.050.351.500.852.593.150",0,"Description: Inflammation of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Uterine Cervical Dysplasia",3438,0.0,"D002578","C12.050.351.500.852.593.074",2,"Description: Abnormal development of immature squamous EPITHELIAL<br>CELLS of the UTERINE CERVIX, a term used to describe premalignant<br>cytological changes in the cervical EPITHELIUM. These atypical<br>cells do not penetrate the epithelial BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Uterine Cervical Erosion",368,0.0,"D002579","C12.050.351.500.852.593.112",0,"Description: Loss or destruction of the epithelial lining of the<br>UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Uterine Cervical Incompetence",1289,0.0,"D002581","C12.050.351.500.852.593.120",0,"Description: Incompetent UTERINE CERVIX is usually diagnosed in<br>the second trimester of PREGNANCY. It is characterized by passive<br>painless cervical dilation in the absence of UTERINE CONTRACTION;<br>BLEEDING; INFECTION; and sometimes with the amniotic sac<br>(AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE) bulging through the partially dilated cervix.<br>Left untreated, this condition may lead to premature pregnancy<br>loss, such as HABITUAL ABORTION.",""],["Uterine Cervical Neoplasms",77952,0.2,"D002583","C12.050.351.500.852.593.131",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Uterine Cervical Neoplasms",77952,0.2,"D002583","C12.050.351.500.852.762.850",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Uterine Cervical Neoplasms",77952,0.2,"D002583","C12.050.351.937.418.875.850",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Chiari-Frommel Syndrome",100,0.0,"D002640","C12.050.703.844.506.389.500",0,"Description: A POSTPARTUM condition consists of persistent<br>lactation (GALACTORRHEA) and AMENORRHEA in patients not BREAST<br>FEEDING.",""],["Hydatidiform Mole",4437,0.0,"D006828","C12.050.703.720.949.416.875",1,"Description: Trophoblastic hyperplasia associated with normal<br>gestation, or molar pregnancy. It is characterized by the<br>swelling of the CHORIONIC VILLI and elevated human CHORIONIC<br>GONADOTROPIN. Hydatidiform moles or molar pregnancy may be<br>categorized as complete or partial based on their gross<br>morphology, histopathology, and karyotype.",""],["Cystinuria",1232,0.0,"D003555","C12.200.777.419.815.885.250",0,"Description: An inherited disorder due to defective reabsorption<br>of CYSTINE and other BASIC AMINO ACIDS by the PROXIMAL RENAL<br>TUBULES. This form of aminoaciduria is characterized by the<br>abnormally high urinary levels of cystine; LYSINE; ARGININE; and<br>ORNITHINE. Mutations involve the amino acid transport protein<br>gene SLC3A1.",""],["Endometritis",3045,0.0,"D004716","C12.050.351.500.056.750.249",0,"Description: Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by<br>intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of<br>postpartum fever.",""],["Fallopian Tube Neoplasms",2929,0.0,"D005185","C12.050.351.500.056.390.390",0,"Description: Benign or malignant neoplasms of the FALLOPIAN<br>TUBES. They are uncommon. If they develop, they may be located in<br>the wall or within the lumen as a growth attached to the wall by<br>a stalk.",""],["Fanconi Syndrome",1399,0.0,"D005198","C12.050.351.968.419.815.450",0,"Description: A hereditary or acquired form of generalized<br>dysfunction of the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE without primary<br>involvement of the KIDNEY GLOMERULUS. It is usually characterized<br>by the tubular wasting of nutrients and salts (GLUCOSE; AMINO<br>ACIDS; PHOSPHATES; and BICARBONATES) resulting in HYPOKALEMIA;<br>ACIDOSIS; HYPERCALCIURIA; and PROTEINURIA.",""],["Freemartinism",124,0.0,"D005611","C12.050.351.875.253.795.124",0,"Description: A condition occurring in the female offspring of<br>dizygotic twins (TWIN, DIZYGOTIC) in a mixed-sex pregnancy,<br>usually in CATTLE. Freemartinism can occur in other mammals. When<br>placental fusion between the male and the female FETUSES permits<br>the exchange of fetal cells and fetal hormones, TESTICULAR<br>HORMONES from the male fetus can androgenize the female fetus<br>producing a sterile XX/XY chimeric \"female\"(CHIMERISM).",""],["Glomerulonephritis",46662,0.1,"D005921","C12.050.351.968.419.570.363",6,"Description: Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY<br>GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular<br>injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation,<br>cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural<br>and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA;<br>PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, IGA",6831,0.0,"D005922","C12.200.777.419.570.363.608",0,"Description: A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized<br>by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial<br>area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may<br>progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE.",""],["Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental",4450,0.0,"D005923","C12.200.777.419.570.363.660",0,"Description: A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term<br>for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary<br>or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced<br>GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially<br>indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis)<br>or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli<br>leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE.",""],["Glycosuria, Renal",348,0.0,"D006030","C12.050.351.968.419.815.532",0,"Description: An autosomal inherited disorder due to defective<br>reabsorption of GLUCOSE by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The<br>urinary loss of glucose can reach beyond 50 g/day. It is<br>attributed to the mutations in the SODIUM-GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 2<br>encoded by the SLC5A2 gene.",""],["Glycosuria, Renal",348,0.0,"D006030","C12.050.351.968.934.363.450",0,"Description: An autosomal inherited disorder due to defective<br>reabsorption of GLUCOSE by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The<br>urinary loss of glucose can reach beyond 50 g/day. It is<br>attributed to the mutations in the SODIUM-GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 2<br>encoded by the SLC5A2 gene.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C12.050.351.875.253.309.391",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C12.050.351.875.253.795.249",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY",1067,0.0,"D006061","C12.050.351.875.253.096.687",1,"Description: Defects in the SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS in 46, XY<br>individuals that result in abnormal gonadal development and<br>deficiencies in TESTOSTERONE and subsequently ANTIMULLERIAN<br>HORMONE or other factors required for normal male sex<br>development. This leads to the development of female phenotypes<br>(male to female sex reversal), normal to tall stature, and<br>bilateral streak or dysgenic gonads which are susceptible to<br>GONADAL TISSUE NEOPLASMS. An XY gonadal dysgenesis is associated<br>with structural abnormalities on the Y CHROMOSOME, a mutation in<br>the GENE, SRY, or a mutation in other autosomal genes that are<br>involved in sex determination.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY",1067,0.0,"D006061","C12.050.351.875.253.309.388",1,"Description: Defects in the SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS in 46, XY<br>individuals that result in abnormal gonadal development and<br>deficiencies in TESTOSTERONE and subsequently ANTIMULLERIAN<br>HORMONE or other factors required for normal male sex<br>development. This leads to the development of female phenotypes<br>(male to female sex reversal), normal to tall stature, and<br>bilateral streak or dysgenic gonads which are susceptible to<br>GONADAL TISSUE NEOPLASMS. An XY gonadal dysgenesis is associated<br>with structural abnormalities on the Y CHROMOSOME, a mutation in<br>the GENE, SRY, or a mutation in other autosomal genes that are<br>involved in sex determination.",""],["Granulosa Cell Tumor",2192,0.0,"D006106","C12.050.351.937.418.685.398",0,"Description: A neoplasm composed entirely of GRANULOSA CELLS,<br>occurring mostly in the OVARY. In the adult form, it may contain<br>some THECA CELLS. This tumor often produces ESTRADIOL and<br>INHIBIN. The excess estrogen exposure can lead to other<br>malignancies in women and PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY in girls. In rare<br>cases, granulosa cell tumors have been identified in the TESTES.",""],["Granulosa Cell Tumor",2192,0.0,"D006106","C12.100.250.056.630.705.398",0,"Description: A neoplasm composed entirely of GRANULOSA CELLS,<br>occurring mostly in the OVARY. In the adult form, it may contain<br>some THECA CELLS. This tumor often produces ESTRADIOL and<br>INHIBIN. The excess estrogen exposure can lead to other<br>malignancies in women and PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY in girls. In rare<br>cases, granulosa cell tumors have been identified in the TESTES.",""],["Hartnup Disease",153,0.0,"D006250","C12.200.777.419.815.885.457",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective<br>absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the<br>PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN,<br>a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency,<br>PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional<br>instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the<br>neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.",""],["Hemoglobinuria",1155,0.0,"D006456","C12.050.351.968.934.734.634",0,"Description: The presence of free HEMOGLOBIN in the URINE,<br>indicating hemolysis of ERYTHROCYTES within the vascular system.<br>After saturating the hemoglobin-binding proteins (HAPTOGLOBINS),<br>free hemoglobin begins to appear in the urine.",""],["Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome",5877,0.0,"D006463","C12.050.351.968.419.936.463",1,"Description: A syndrome that is associated with microvascular<br>diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is<br>characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC);<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.",""],["Hyperoxaluria, Primary",1054,0.0,"D006960","C12.050.351.968.419.313.500",0,"Description: A genetic disorder characterized by excretion of<br>large amounts of OXALATES in urine; NEPHROLITHIASIS;<br>NEPHROCALCINOSIS; early onset of RENAL FAILURE; and often a<br>generalized deposit of CALCIUM OXALATE. There are subtypes<br>classified by the enzyme defects in glyoxylate metabolism.",""],["Hypertension, Renovascular",5526,0.0,"D006978","C12.050.351.968.419.331.490",0,"Description: Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or<br>compression.",""],["Hypophosphatemia, Familial",2053,0.0,"D007015","C12.050.351.968.419.815.647",1,"Description: An inherited condition of abnormally low serum<br>levels of PHOSPHATES (below 1 mg/liter) which can occur in a<br>number of genetic diseases with defective reabsorption of<br>inorganic phosphorus by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This leads to<br>phosphaturia, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, and disturbances of cellular and<br>organ functions such as those in X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; and FANCONI SYNDROME.",""],["Renal Insufficiency, Chronic",110952,0.3,"D051436","C12.050.351.968.419.780.750",2,"Description: Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the<br>normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney<br>insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the<br>decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney<br>damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe<br>form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE).<br>(Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative,<br>2002)",""],["Kidney Failure, Chronic",79441,0.2,"D007676","C12.200.777.419.780.750.500",1,"Description: The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is<br>characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as<br>measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in<br>GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney<br>Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002).<br>These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY<br>TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Acute Kidney Injury",48684,0.1,"D058186","C12.050.351.968.419.780.050",1,"Description: Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney<br>injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including<br>acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other<br>less severe conditions.",""],["Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute",1418,0.0,"D007683","C12.200.777.419.780.050.500",0,"Description: Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of<br>EPITHELIAL CELLS of the KIDNEY TUBULES. It is commonly attributed<br>to exposure to toxic agents or renal ISCHEMIA following severe<br>TRAUMA.",""],["Polycystic Kidney Diseases",9499,0.0,"D007690","C12.050.351.968.419.403.875",2,"Description: Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the<br>progressive expansion of a large number of tightly packed CYSTS<br>within the KIDNEYS. They include diseases with autosomal dominant<br>and autosomal recessive inheritance.",""],["Medullary Sponge Kidney",494,0.0,"D007691","C12.050.351.968.419.403.500",0,"Description: A non-hereditary KIDNEY disorder characterized by<br>the abnormally dilated (ECTASIA) medullary and inner papillary<br>portions of the collecting ducts. These collecting ducts usually<br>contain CYSTS or DIVERTICULA filled with jelly-like material or<br>small calculi (KIDNEY STONES) leading to infections or<br>obstruction. It should be distinguished from congenital or<br>hereditary POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Klinefelter Syndrome",3270,0.0,"D007713","C12.050.351.875.253.795.500",0,"Description: A form of male HYPOGONADISM, characterized by the<br>presence of an extra X CHROMOSOME, small TESTES, seminiferous<br>tubule dysgenesis, elevated levels of GONADOTROPINS, low serum<br>TESTOSTERONE, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, and<br>male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE). Patients tend to have long<br>legs and a slim, tall stature. GYNECOMASTIA is present in many of<br>the patients. The classic form has the karyotype 47,XXY. Several<br>karyotype variants include 48,XXYY; 48,XXXY; 49,XXXXY, and mosaic<br>patterns ( 46,XY/47,XXY; 47,XXY/48,XXXY, etc.).",""],["Leukorrhea",708,0.0,"D007973","C12.050.351.500.894.700.500",0,"Description: A clear or white discharge from the VAGINA,<br>consisting mainly of MUCUS.",""],["Leydig Cell Tumor",1599,0.0,"D007984","C12.100.500.260.937.500.249",0,"Description: Gonadal interstitial or stromal cell neoplasm<br>composed of only LEYDIG CELLS. These tumors may produce one or<br>more of the steroid hormones such as ANDROGENS; ESTROGENS; and<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS. Clinical symptoms include testicular swelling,<br>GYNECOMASTIA, sexual precocity in children, or virilization<br>(VIRILISM) in females.",""],["Leydig Cell Tumor",1599,0.0,"D007984","C12.200.294.260.937.500.249",0,"Description: Gonadal interstitial or stromal cell neoplasm<br>composed of only LEYDIG CELLS. These tumors may produce one or<br>more of the steroid hormones such as ANDROGENS; ESTROGENS; and<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS. Clinical symptoms include testicular swelling,<br>GYNECOMASTIA, sexual precocity in children, or virilization<br>(VIRILISM) in females.",""],["Leydig Cell Tumor",1599,0.0,"D007984","C12.200.758.409.937.500.249",0,"Description: Gonadal interstitial or stromal cell neoplasm<br>composed of only LEYDIG CELLS. These tumors may produce one or<br>more of the steroid hormones such as ANDROGENS; ESTROGENS; and<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS. Clinical symptoms include testicular swelling,<br>GYNECOMASTIA, sexual precocity in children, or virilization<br>(VIRILISM) in females.",""],["Lupus Nephritis",6841,0.0,"D008181","C12.200.777.419.570.363.680",0,"Description: Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune<br>disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is<br>histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal<br>glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III -<br>focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse<br>glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous<br>glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing<br>glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification<br>1982).",""],["Meigs Syndrome",563,0.0,"D008539","C12.050.351.937.418.685.531",0,"Description: The triad of benign FIBROMA or other ovarian tumors<br>with ASCITES, and HYDROTHORAX due to large PLEURAL EFFUSIONS.",""],["Meigs Syndrome",563,0.0,"D008539","C12.100.250.056.630.705.531",0,"Description: The triad of benign FIBROMA or other ovarian tumors<br>with ASCITES, and HYDROTHORAX due to large PLEURAL EFFUSIONS.",""],["Menopause, Premature",755,0.0,"D008594","C12.050.351.500.056.630.250",0,"Description: The premature cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION)<br>when the last menstrual period occurs in a woman under the age of<br>40. It is due to the depletion of OVARIAN FOLLICLES. Premature<br>MENOPAUSE can be caused by diseases; OVARIECTOMY; RADIATION;<br>chemicals; and chromosomal abnormalities.",""],["Menorrhagia",3499,0.0,"D008595","C12.050.351.500.852.691.449",0,"Description: Excessive uterine bleeding during MENSTRUATION.",""],["Metrorrhagia",1954,0.0,"D008796","C12.050.351.500.852.691.622",0,"Description: Abnormal uterine bleeding that is not related to<br>MENSTRUATION, usually in females without regular MENSTRUAL CYCLE.<br>The irregular and unpredictable bleeding usually comes from a<br>dysfunctional ENDOMETRIUM.",""],["Nephritis, Hereditary",1911,0.0,"D009394","C12.050.351.968.419.570.620",0,"Description: A group of inherited conditions characterized<br>initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome<br>(hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by<br>mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.0,"D009396","C12.050.351.937.820.535.585",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.0,"D009396","C12.050.351.968.419.473.585",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Nephrosis, Lipoid",2174,0.0,"D009402","C12.050.351.968.419.630.477",0,"Description: A kidney disease with no or minimal histological<br>glomerular changes on light microscopy and with no immune<br>deposits. It is characterized by lipid accumulation in the<br>epithelial cells of KIDNEY TUBULES and in the URINE. Patients<br>usually show NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of<br>PROTEINURIA with accompanying EDEMA.",""],["Nephrotic Syndrome",14066,0.0,"D009404","C12.050.351.968.419.630.643",0,"Description: A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA,<br>greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss<br>of protein in the urine results in complications such as<br>HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and<br>HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome<br>generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C12.050.351.968.419.815.720",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Oophoritis",411,0.0,"D009869","C12.050.351.500.056.630.450",0,"Description: Inflammation of the OVARY, generally caused by an<br>ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix.",""],["Oophoritis",411,0.0,"D009869","C12.050.351.500.056.750.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the OVARY, generally caused by an<br>ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix.",""],["Ovarian Cysts",21461,0.1,"D010048","C12.050.351.500.056.630.580",1,"Description: General term for CYSTS and cystic diseases of the<br>OVARY.",""],["Parametritis",131,0.0,"D010249","C12.050.351.500.056.750.750",0,"Description: Inflammation of the parametrium, the connective<br>tissue of the pelvic floor, extending from the subserous coat of<br>the uterus laterally between the layers of the BROAD LIGAMENT.",""],["Polycystic Ovary Syndrome",16421,0.0,"D011085","C12.100.250.056.630.580.765",0,"Description: A complex disorder characterized by infertility,<br>HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as<br>OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary<br>syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries<br>studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term,<br>polycystic ovary, is misleading.",""],["Pseudohypoaldosteronism",508,0.0,"D011546","C12.050.351.968.419.815.770",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by<br>renal electrolyte transport dysfunctions. Congenital forms are<br>rare autosomal disorders characterized by neonatal hypertension,<br>HYPERKALEMIA, increased RENIN activity and ALDOSTERONE<br>concentration. The Type I features HYPERKALEMIA with sodium<br>wasting; Type II, HYPERKALEMIA without sodium wasting.<br>Pseudohypoaldosteronism can be the result of a defective renal<br>electrolyte transport protein or acquired after KIDNEY<br>TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Pyelitis",10991,0.0,"D011702","C12.050.351.968.419.570.821",3,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and KIDNEY CALICES<br>where urine is collected before discharge, but does not involve<br>the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS) where urine is processed.",""],["Pyelonephritis",10496,0.0,"D011704","C12.200.777.419.570.643.790",1,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal<br>parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It<br>is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and<br>occasionally DIARRHEA.",""],["Pyelonephritis",10496,0.0,"D011704","C12.200.777.419.570.821.717",1,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal<br>parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It<br>is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and<br>occasionally DIARRHEA.",""],["Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous",643,0.0,"D011705","C12.950.419.570.643.790.810",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory condition of the KIDNEY<br>resulting in diffuse renal destruction, a grossly enlarged and<br>nonfunctioning kidney associated with NEPHROLITHIASIS and KIDNEY<br>STONES.",""],["Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous",643,0.0,"D011705","C12.950.419.570.821.717.810",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory condition of the KIDNEY<br>resulting in diffuse renal destruction, a grossly enlarged and<br>nonfunctioning kidney associated with NEPHROLITHIASIS and KIDNEY<br>STONES.",""],["Rectovaginal Fistula",1194,0.0,"D012006","C12.050.351.500.894.767.249",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the RECTUM<br>and the VAGINA.",""],["Salpingitis",1395,0.0,"D012488","C12.050.351.500.056.390.890",0,"Description: Inflammation of the uterine salpinx, the trumpet-<br>shaped FALLOPIAN TUBES, usually caused by ascending infections of<br>organisms from the lower reproductive tract. Salpingitis can lead<br>to tubal scarring, hydrosalpinx, tubal occlusion, INFERTILITY,<br>and ectopic pregnancy (PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC)",""],["Salpingitis",1395,0.0,"D012488","C12.050.351.500.056.750.875",0,"Description: Inflammation of the uterine salpinx, the trumpet-<br>shaped FALLOPIAN TUBES, usually caused by ascending infections of<br>organisms from the lower reproductive tract. Salpingitis can lead<br>to tubal scarring, hydrosalpinx, tubal occlusion, INFERTILITY,<br>and ectopic pregnancy (PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC)",""],["Sertoli Cell Tumor",687,0.0,"D012707","C12.100.500.260.937.500.500",0,"Description: Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS<br>or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli<br>cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in<br>sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as<br>FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).",""],["Sertoli Cell Tumor",687,0.0,"D012707","C12.200.294.260.937.500.500",0,"Description: Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS<br>or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli<br>cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in<br>sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as<br>FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).",""],["Sertoli Cell Tumor",687,0.0,"D012707","C12.200.758.409.937.500.500",0,"Description: Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS<br>or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli<br>cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in<br>sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as<br>FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).",""],["Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome",1607,0.0,"D013734","C12.050.351.875.253.096.500",0,"Description: A disorder of sexual development transmitted as an<br>X-linked recessive trait. These patients have a karyotype of<br>46,XY with end-organ resistance to androgen due to mutations in<br>the androgen receptor (RECEPTORS, ANDROGEN) gene. Severity of the<br>defect in receptor quantity or quality correlates with their<br>phenotypes. In these genetic males, the phenotypic spectrum<br>ranges from those with normal female external genitalia, through<br>those with genital ambiguity as in Reifenstein Syndrome, to that<br>of a normal male with INFERTILITY.",""],["Thecoma",784,0.0,"D013798","C12.050.351.937.418.685.765",0,"Description: A gonadal stromal neoplasm composed only of THECA<br>CELLS, occurring mostly in the postmenopausal OVARY. It is filled<br>with lipid-containing spindle cells and produces ESTROGENS that<br>can lead to ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA; UTERINE HEMORRHAGE; or other<br>malignancies in postmenopausal women and sexual precocity in<br>girls. When tumors containing theca cells also contain<br>FIBROBLASTS, they are identified as thecoma-fibroma tumors with<br>less active hormone production.",""],["Thecoma",784,0.0,"D013798","C12.100.250.056.630.705.765",0,"Description: A gonadal stromal neoplasm composed only of THECA<br>CELLS, occurring mostly in the postmenopausal OVARY. It is filled<br>with lipid-containing spindle cells and produces ESTROGENS that<br>can lead to ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA; UTERINE HEMORRHAGE; or other<br>malignancies in postmenopausal women and sexual precocity in<br>girls. When tumors containing theca cells also contain<br>FIBROBLASTS, they are identified as thecoma-fibroma tumors with<br>less active hormone production.",""],["Trichomonas Vaginitis",2754,0.0,"D014247","C12.050.351.500.894.906.633",0,"Description: Inflammation of the vagina, marked by a purulent<br>discharge. This disease is caused by the protozoan TRICHOMONAS<br>VAGINALIS.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.0,"D014424","C12.050.351.875.253.309.872",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.0,"D014424","C12.050.351.875.253.795.750",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Ureteral Calculi",5983,0.0,"D014514","C12.050.351.968.725.938.500",0,"Description: Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY.<br>They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal<br>stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the<br>ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.",""],["Ureteral Calculi",5983,0.0,"D014514","C12.050.351.968.967.374.500",0,"Description: Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY.<br>They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal<br>stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the<br>ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.",""],["Ureteral Calculi",5983,0.0,"D014514","C12.050.351.968.967.500.851",0,"Description: Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY.<br>They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal<br>stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the<br>ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.",""],["Urethral Stricture",4617,0.0,"D014525","C12.050.351.968.767.700.700",0,"Description: Narrowing of any part of the URETHRA. It is<br>characterized by decreased urinary stream and often other<br>obstructive voiding symptoms.",""],["Urinary Incontinence, Stress",11031,0.0,"D014550","C12.050.351.968.934.814.500",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE as a result of<br>physical activities that increase abdominal pressure on the<br>URINARY BLADDER without detrusor contraction or overdistended<br>bladder. The subtypes are classified by the degree of leakage,<br>descent and opening of the bladder neck and URETHRA without<br>bladder contraction, and sphincter deficiency.",""],["Uterine Perforation",718,0.0,"D014595","C12.050.351.500.852.904.500",0,"Description: A hole or break through the wall of the UTERUS,<br>usually made by the placement of an instrument or INTRAUTERINE<br>DEVICES.",""],["Vesicovaginal Fistula",2295,0.0,"D014719","C12.050.351.500.894.767.500",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the URINARY<br>BLADDER and the VAGINA.",""],["Vesicovaginal Fistula",2295,0.0,"D014719","C12.050.351.875.881.312.733",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the URINARY<br>BLADDER and the VAGINA.",""],["Vesicovaginal Fistula",2295,0.0,"D014719","C12.050.351.968.829.548.733",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the URINARY<br>BLADDER and the VAGINA.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C12.050.351.968.419.135.875",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative",2292,0.0,"D015432","C12.200.777.419.570.363.615",0,"Description: Chronic glomerulonephritis characterized<br>histologically by proliferation of MESANGIAL CELLS, increase in<br>the MESANGIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a thickening of the<br>glomerular capillary walls. This may appear as a primary disorder<br>or secondary to other diseases including infections and<br>autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Various subtypes<br>are classified by their abnormal ultrastructures and immune<br>deposits. Hypocomplementemia is a characteristic feature of all<br>types of MPGN.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, Membranous",3519,0.0,"D015433","C12.200.777.419.570.363.625",0,"Description: A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized<br>by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE<br>ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT<br>MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to<br>basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the<br>basement membrane.",""],["Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome",2070,0.0,"D016471","C12.050.351.500.056.630.642",0,"Description: A complication of OVULATION INDUCTION in infertility<br>treatment. It is graded by the severity of symptoms which include<br>OVARY enlargement, multiple OVARIAN FOLLICLES; OVARIAN CYSTS;<br>ASCITES; and generalized EDEMA. The full-blown syndrome may lead<br>to RENAL FAILURE, respiratory distress, and even DEATH. Increased<br>capillary permeability is caused by the vasoactive substances,<br>such as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS, secreted by the<br>overly-stimulated OVARIES.",""],["Vaginosis, Bacterial",3060,0.0,"D016585","C12.050.351.500.894.906.800",0,"Description: Polymicrobial, nonspecific vaginitis associated with<br>positive cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic<br>organisms and a decrease in lactobacilli. It remains unclear<br>whether the initial pathogenic event is caused by the growth of<br>anaerobes or a primary decrease in lactobacilli.",""],["Primary Ovarian Insufficiency",2911,0.0,"D016649","C12.050.351.500.056.630.750",0,"Description: Cessation of ovarian function after MENARCHE but<br>before the age of 40, without or with OVARIAN FOLLICLE depletion.<br>It is characterized by the presence of OLIGOMENORRHEA or<br>AMENORRHEA, elevated GONADOTROPINS, and low ESTRADIOL levels. It<br>is a state of female HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM. Etiologies<br>include genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy,<br>radiation, and infections. The most commonly known genetic cause<br>is the expansion of a CGG repeat to 55 to 199 copies in the 5'<br>untranslated region in the X-linked FMR1 gene.",""],["Endometrial Neoplasms",23629,0.1,"D016889","C12.050.351.500.852.762.200",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining<br>of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their<br>classification and grading are based on the various cell types<br>and the percent of undifferentiated cells.",""],["Endometrial Neoplasms",26842,0.1,"D016889","C12.050.351.937.418.875.200",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining<br>of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their<br>classification and grading are based on the various cell types<br>and the percent of undifferentiated cells.",""],["Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant",4073,0.0,"D016891","C12.200.777.419.403.875.500",0,"Description: Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance<br>and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS with<br>progressive deterioration of renal function.",""],["Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive",656,0.0,"D017044","C12.200.777.419.403.875.510",0,"Description: A genetic disorder with autosomal recessive<br>inheritance, characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS and<br>associated LIVER lesions. Serious manifestations are usually<br>present at BIRTH with high PERINATAL MORTALITY.",""],["Kallmann Syndrome",579,0.0,"D017436","C12.050.351.875.253.096.750",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by<br>hypothalamic GNRH deficiency and OLFACTORY NERVE defects. It is<br>characterized by congenital HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM and<br>ANOSMIA, possibly with additional midline defects. It can be<br>transmitted as an X-linked (GENETIC DISEASES, X-LINKED), an<br>autosomal dominant, or an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["Hyperandrogenism",1604,0.0,"D017588","C12.050.351.875.253.064.500",0,"Description: A condition caused by the excessive secretion of<br>ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES.<br>The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the<br>common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in<br>patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL<br>HYPERFUNCTION.",""],["Hyperandrogenism",1604,0.0,"D017588","C12.050.351.875.253.090.750",0,"Description: A condition caused by the excessive secretion of<br>ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES.<br>The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the<br>common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in<br>patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL<br>HYPERFUNCTION.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C12.050.351.875.253.096.875",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C12.200.758.820.750.585.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C12.200.777.419.473.585.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Nephroma, Mesoblastic",288,0.0,"D018201","C12.050.351.937.820.535.790",0,"Description: A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the KIDNEY composed<br>of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble FIBROBLASTS or muscle<br>cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal<br>parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases,<br>mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or<br>newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult.",""],["Nephroma, Mesoblastic",288,0.0,"D018201","C12.050.351.968.419.473.372",0,"Description: A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the KIDNEY composed<br>of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble FIBROBLASTS or muscle<br>cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal<br>parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases,<br>mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or<br>newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult.",""],["Endometrial Stromal Tumors",947,0.0,"D036821","C12.100.250.852.762.200.500",1,"Description: Neoplasms of the endometrial stroma that sometimes<br>involve the MYOMETRIUM. These tumors contain cells that may<br>closely or remotely resemble the normal stromal cells.<br>Endometrial stromal neoplasms are divided into three categories:<br>(1) benign stromal nodules; (2) low-grade stromal sarcoma, or<br>endolymphatic stromal myosis; and (3) malignant endometrial<br>stromal sarcoma (SARCOMA, ENDOMETRIAL STROMAL).",""],["Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal",768,0.0,"D018203","C12.900.418.875.200.374.500",0,"Description: A highly malignant subset of neoplasms arising from<br>the endometrial stroma. Tumors in this group infiltrate the<br>stroma with a wide range of atypia cells and numerous mitoses.<br>They are capable of widespread metastases (NEOPLASM METASTASIS).",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C12.200.706.316.096.687.500",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C12.200.706.316.309.388.500",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site",314,0.0,"D018245","C12.050.703.720.949.208.875",0,"Description: An uncommon variant of CHORIOCARCINOMA. It is<br>composed almost entirely of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts<br>(TROPHOBLASTS). Because its secretion of hCG (CHORIONIC<br>GONADOTROPIN) is low, a large tumor may develop before the hCG<br>can be detected.",""],["Carcinoma, Endometrioid",3213,0.0,"D018269","C12.050.351.937.418.685.331",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of<br>cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a<br>common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL<br>CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this<br>form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.",""],["Carcinoma, Endometrioid",3213,0.0,"D018269","C12.100.250.056.630.705.331",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of<br>cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a<br>common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL<br>CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this<br>form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",755,0.0,"D018310","C12.050.351.937.418.685.648",0,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",755,0.0,"D018310","C12.100.250.056.630.705.648",0,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Luteoma",79,0.0,"D018311","C12.050.351.937.418.685.464",0,"Description: An ovarian neoplasm composed of LUTEAL CELLS derived<br>from luteinized GRANULOSA CELLS and THECA CELLS. Luteomas respond<br>to GONADOTROPINS, and vary in their hormone production<br>(PROGESTERONE; ESTROGENS; or ANDROGENS). During PREGNANCY, a<br>transient type of luteoma may develop due to an exaggerated<br>LUTEINIZATION of the OVARY.",""],["Luteoma",79,0.0,"D018311","C12.100.250.056.630.705.464",0,"Description: An ovarian neoplasm composed of LUTEAL CELLS derived<br>from luteinized GRANULOSA CELLS and THECA CELLS. Luteomas respond<br>to GONADOTROPINS, and vary in their hormone production<br>(PROGESTERONE; ESTROGENS; or ANDROGENS). During PREGNANCY, a<br>transient type of luteoma may develop due to an exaggerated<br>LUTEINIZATION of the OVARY.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic",817,0.0,"D018500","C12.050.351.968.419.135.500",0,"Description: A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder<br>characterized by persistent hypotonic urine and HYPOKALEMIA. This<br>condition is due to renal tubular insensitivity to VASOPRESSIN<br>and failure to reduce urine volume. It may be the result of<br>mutations of genes encoding VASOPRESSIN RECEPTORS or AQUAPORIN-2;<br>KIDNEY DISEASES; adverse drug effects; or complications from<br>PREGNANCY.",""],["Cystitis, Interstitial",2719,0.0,"D018856","C12.050.351.968.829.495.500",0,"Description: A condition with recurring discomfort or pain in the<br>URINARY BLADDER and the surrounding pelvic region without an<br>identifiable disease. Severity of pain in interstitial cystitis<br>varies greatly and often is accompanied by increased urination<br>frequency and urgency.",""],["Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease",1817,0.0,"D019867","C12.200.777.419.570.363.304",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease of the KIDNEY and the LUNG. It<br>is characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies<br>targeting the epitopes in the non-collagenous domains of COLLAGEN<br>TYPE IV in the basement membranes of kidney glomeruli (KIDNEY<br>GLOMERULUS) and lung alveoli (PULMONARY ALVEOLI), and the<br>subsequent destruction of these basement membranes. Clinical<br>features include pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage and<br>glomerulonephritis.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic",1286,0.0,"D020790","C12.050.351.968.419.135.750",0,"Description: A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of VASOPRESSINS secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS.<br>Clinical signs include the excretion of large volumes of dilute<br>URINE; HYPERNATREMIA; THIRST; and polydipsia. Etiologies include<br>HEAD TRAUMA; surgeries and diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS<br>and the PITUITARY GLAND. This disorder may also be caused by<br>mutations of genes such as ARVP encoding vasopressin and its<br>corresponding neurophysin (NEUROPHYSINS).",""],["Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney",525,0.0,"D021782","C12.050.351.968.419.403.750",0,"Description: A nongenetic defect due to malformation of the<br>KIDNEY which appears as a bunch of grapes with multiple renal<br>cysts but lacking the normal renal bean shape, and the collection<br>drainage system. This condition can be detected in-utero with<br>ULTRASONOGRAPHY.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX",150,0.0,"D023961","C12.050.351.875.253.064.249",0,"Description: The 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis may be sporadic or<br>familial. Familial XX gonadal dysgenesis is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive trait and its locus was mapped to chromosome<br>2. Mutation in the gene for the FSH receptor (RECEPTORS, FSH) was<br>detected. Sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis is heterogeneous and has<br>been associated with trisomy-13 and trisomy-18. These phenotypic<br>females are characterized by a normal stature, sexual<br>infantilism, bilateral streak gonads, amenorrhea, elevated plasma<br>LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH concentration.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX",150,0.0,"D023961","C12.050.351.875.253.309.193",0,"Description: The 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis may be sporadic or<br>familial. Familial XX gonadal dysgenesis is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive trait and its locus was mapped to chromosome<br>2. Mutation in the gene for the FSH receptor (RECEPTORS, FSH) was<br>detected. Sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis is heterogeneous and has<br>been associated with trisomy-13 and trisomy-18. These phenotypic<br>females are characterized by a normal stature, sexual<br>infantilism, bilateral streak gonads, amenorrhea, elevated plasma<br>LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH concentration.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C12.050.351.875.253.096.562",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C12.200.758.820.750.585.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C12.200.777.419.473.585.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Choriocarcinoma, Non-gestational",143,0.0,"D031954","C12.050.703.720.949.208.438",0,"Description: A highly malignant CHORIOCARCINOMA derived from the<br>non-placental origin such as the totipotent cells in the TESTIS,<br>the OVARY, and the PINEAL GLAND. It produces high levels of<br>CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN and can metastasize widely through the<br>bloodstream to the lungs, brain, liver, bone, and other viscera<br>by the time of diagnosis.",""],["Sexual Infantilism",270,0.0,"D050035","C12.050.351.875.253.309.631",0,"Description: The permanent lack of SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT in an<br>individual. This defect is usually observed at an age after<br>expected PUBERTY.",""],["Frasier Syndrome",43,0.0,"D052159","C12.050.351.875.253.096.624",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE<br>and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of<br>46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is<br>caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor<br>gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Frasier Syndrome",43,0.0,"D052159","C12.950.419.780.750.500.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE<br>and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of<br>46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is<br>caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor<br>gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Pyonephrosis",191,0.0,"D053018","C12.050.351.968.419.307.500",0,"Description: Distention of KIDNEY with the presence of PUS and<br>suppurative destruction of the renal parenchyma. It is often<br>associated with renal obstruction and can lead to total or nearly<br>total loss of renal function.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C12.200.777.419.815.647.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Azotemia",317,0.0,"D053099","C12.050.351.968.419.936.231",0,"Description: A biochemical abnormality referring to an elevation<br>of BLOOD UREA NITROGEN and CREATININE. Azotemia can be produced<br>by KIDNEY DISEASES or other extrarenal disorders. When azotemia<br>becomes associated with a constellation of clinical signs, it is<br>termed UREMIA.",""],["Urinary Incontinence, Urge",752,0.0,"D053202","C12.050.351.968.934.814.750",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE that is associated<br>with an abrupt and strong desire to void. It is usually related<br>to the involuntary contractions of the detrusor muscle of the<br>bladder (detrusor hyperreflexia or detrusor instability).",""],["Nocturnal Enuresis",1417,0.0,"D053206","C12.050.351.968.934.252.500",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE during sleep at night<br>after expected age of completed development of urinary control.",""],["Diurnal Enuresis",128,0.0,"D053207","C12.050.351.968.934.252.249",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE during the daytime<br>while one is awake.",""],["Gitelman Syndrome",464,0.0,"D053579","C12.050.351.968.419.815.491",0,"Description: An inherited renal disorder characterized by<br>defective NaCl reabsorption in the convoluted DISTAL KIDNEY<br>TUBULE leading to HYPOKALEMIA. In contrast with BARTTER SYNDROME,<br>Gitelman syndrome includes hypomagnesemia and normocalcemic<br>hypocalciuria, and is caused by mutations in the thiazide-<br>sensitive SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.",""],["Pyelocystitis",52,0.0,"D053653","C12.050.351.968.829.495.750",0,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and the URINARY<br>BLADDER.",""],["Pyelocystitis",52,0.0,"D053653","C12.200.777.419.570.821.358",0,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and the URINARY<br>BLADDER.",""],["Vulvar Vestibulitis",63,0.0,"D054515","C12.050.351.500.944.902.368",0,"Description: Inflammation of the vulvar vestibular region at the<br>entrance of the VAGINA, generally involving surface mucosa and<br>submucosal vestibular glands. It is characterized by ERYTHEMA and<br>chronic recurrent pain in this area.",""],["Liddle Syndrome",96,0.0,"D056929","C12.050.351.968.419.815.683",0,"Description: Familial pseudoaldosteronism characterized by<br>autosomal dominant inheritance of hypertension with HYPOKALEMIA;<br>ALKALOSIS; RENIN and ALDOSTERONE level decreases. It is caused by<br>mutations in EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS beta and gamma subunits.<br>Different mutations in the same EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS<br>subunits can cause PSEUDOHYPOALDOSTERONISM, TYPE I, AUTOSOMAL<br>DOMINANT.",""],["Dent Disease",112,0.0,"D057973","C12.050.351.968.419.815.364",0,"Description: X-linked recessive NEPHROLITHIASIS characterized by<br>HYPERCALCIURIA; HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; NEPHROCALCINOSIS; and<br>PROTEINURIA. It is associated with mutations in the voltage-gated<br>chloride channel, CLC-5 (Dent Disease I). Another group of<br>mutations associated with this disease is in phosphatidylinositol<br>4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase gene.",""],["46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development",53,0.0,"D058531","C12.050.351.875.253.064.124",0,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals in which male<br>GONADS develop in a genetic female (female to male sex reversal).",""],["Atrophic Vaginitis",48,0.0,"D059268","C12.050.351.500.894.906.316",0,"Description: Inflammation of the vagina due to thinning of the<br>vaginal wall and decreased lubrication associated with reduced<br>estrogen levels at MENOPAUSE.",""],["Cardio-Renal Syndrome",966,0.0,"D059347","C12.050.351.968.419.780.400",0,"Description: Condition where a primary dysfunction of either<br>heart or kidney results in failure of the other organ (e.g.,<br>HEART FAILURE with worsening RENAL INSUFFICIENCY).",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C12.050.351.937.418.685.431",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C12.100.250.056.630.705.431",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Atypical Squamous Cells of the Cervix",237,0.0,"D065309","C12.100.250.852.593.074.249",0,"Description: Morphological abnormalities of the cervical<br>EPITHELIUM, usually revealed in PAP SMEAR, which do not meet the<br>criteria for squamous CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA or<br>SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS of the CERVIX . It may be a sign of<br>infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).or<br>sign of a benign (not cancer) growth, such as a cyst or polyp or,<br>in menopausal women, of low hormone levels. More testing, such as<br>HPV test, may be needed.",""],["Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix",591,0.0,"D065310","C12.100.250.852.593.074.500",0,"Description: A cytological test finding often from PAP SMEARS<br>that shows abnormal lesions of SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS of the<br>CERVIX. It is a diagnostic criterion used in the Bethesda System<br>for UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS and represents the PAP TEST result<br>that is abnormal. Although squamous intraepithelial lesions test<br>result does not mean UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS it requires<br>follow-ups (e.g., HPV DNA TESTS; and COLPOSCOPY).",""],["Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome",832,0.0,"D065766","C12.200.777.419.936.463.500",0,"Description: An hereditary hemolytic uremic syndrome associated<br>with variations in the gene that encodes COMPLEMENT FACTOR H, or<br>the related proteins CFHR1 and CFHR3. Disease often progresses to<br>CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE without the prodromal symptoms of<br>ENTEROCOLITIS and DIARRHEA that characterize typical hemolytic<br>uremic syndrome.",""],["Nephrolithiasis",19788,0.0,"D053040","C12.050.351.968.419.600",2,"Description: Formation of stones in the KIDNEY.",""],["Nephrolithiasis",19788,0.0,"D053040","C12.050.351.968.967.249",2,"Description: Formation of stones in the KIDNEY.",""],["Urinary Calculi",35932,0.1,"D014545","C12.050.351.968.967.500",4,"Description: Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the<br>URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM<br>OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or<br>URIC ACID.",""],["Kidney Calculi",17862,0.0,"D007669","C12.200.777.419.600.500",1,"Description: Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-<br>collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary<br>and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.",""],["Kidney Calculi",17862,0.0,"D007669","C12.200.777.967.249.500",1,"Description: Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-<br>collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary<br>and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.",""],["Kidney Calculi",17862,0.0,"D007669","C12.200.777.967.500.503",1,"Description: Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-<br>collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary<br>and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.",""],["Staghorn Calculi",109,0.0,"D000069856","C12.950.419.600.500.500",0,"Description: Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like<br>antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of<br>the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as<br>other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.",""],["Staghorn Calculi",109,0.0,"D000069856","C12.950.967.249.500.500",0,"Description: Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like<br>antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of<br>the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as<br>other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.",""],["Staghorn Calculi",109,0.0,"D000069856","C12.950.967.500.503.500",0,"Description: Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like<br>antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of<br>the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as<br>other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.",""],["Acute Retroviral Syndrome",10,0.0,"D000071297","C12.100.937.640.400.044",0,"Description: Early stage of HIV infection. Symptoms resemble<br>INFLUENZA or INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS.",""],["Ovarian Diseases",128982,0.3,"D010049","C12.050.351.500.056.630",18,"Description: Pathological processes of the OVARY.",""],["Ovarian Neoplasms",94919,0.2,"D010051","C12.050.351.937.418.685",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can<br>be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the<br>tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal<br>endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.",""],["Ovarian Neoplasms",94919,0.2,"D010051","C12.100.250.056.630.705",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can<br>be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the<br>tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal<br>endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Underactive",147,0.0,"D000077295","C12.050.351.968.829.867",0,"Description: Symptom of underactive detrusor muscle of the<br>URINARY BLADDER that contracts with abnormally reduced strength<br>or duration resulting in an incomplete and/or prolonged bladder<br>emptying.",""],["Shoulder Dystocia",55,0.0,"D000080883","C12.050.703.420.288.364",0,"Description: Obstetric complication during OBSTETRIC DELIVERY in<br>which exit of the fetus is delayed due to physical obstruction<br>involving fetal shoulder(s).",""],["Ovarian Torsion",75,0.0,"D000082843","C12.100.250.056.630.728",0,"Description: A condition that occurs when an ovary twists around<br>the ligaments that hold it in place. This twisting can cut off<br>blood flow. It usually affects only one ovary.",""],["Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors",11623,0.0,"D015499","C12.050.351.968.419.815",14,"Description: Genetic defects in the selective or non-selective<br>transport functions of the KIDNEY TUBULES.",""],["Acidosis, Renal Tubular",2382,0.0,"D000141","C12.200.777.419.815.093",0,"Description: A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES<br>characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids<br>with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS.<br>Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low<br>renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications<br>such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and<br>NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS.",""],["Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",66900,0.2,"D000163","C12.100.937.640.400.040",0,"Description: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated<br>with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a<br>CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or<br>less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility<br>to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical<br>manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia.<br>These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in<br>1993.",""],["Pelvic Inflammatory Disease",9016,0.0,"D000292","C12.050.351.500.056.750",4,"Description: A spectrum of inflammation involving the female<br>upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It is usually<br>caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the<br>endocervix. Infection may be confined to the uterus<br>(ENDOMETRITIS), the FALLOPIAN TUBES; (SALPINGITIS); the ovaries<br>(OOPHORITIS), the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS), or may<br>involve several of the above uterine appendages. Such<br>inflammation can lead to functional impairment and infertility.",""],["Adrenogenital Syndrome",9165,0.0,"D047808","C12.050.351.875.253.090",2,"Description: Abnormal SEX DIFFERENTIATION or congenital DISORDERS<br>OF SEX DEVELOPMENT caused by abnormal levels of steroid hormones<br>expressed by the GONADS or the ADRENAL GLANDS, such as in<br>CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA and ADRENAL CORTEX NEOPLASMS. Due<br>to abnormal steroid biosynthesis, clinical features include<br>VIRILISM in females; FEMINIZATION in males; or precocious sexual<br>development in children.",""],["Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital",6855,0.0,"D000312","C12.200.706.316.090.500",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL<br>GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol<br>(HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of<br>precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance,<br>congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting,<br>hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID<br>21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-<br>HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase<br>(3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-<br>REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among<br>others, underlie these disorders.",""],["AIDS-Related Complex",1088,0.0,"D000386","C12.100.937.640.400.080",0,"Description: A prodromal phase of infection with the human<br>immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating<br>AIDS-related complex (ARC) from AIDS include elevated or<br>hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to<br>depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS; follicular or<br>mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte<br>degeneration and depletion more typical of AIDS; evolving<br>succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of<br>Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown<br>AIDS.",""],["Proteinuria",20461,0.1,"D011507","C12.050.351.968.934.734",2,"Description: The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator<br>of KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Albuminuria",8814,0.0,"D000419","C12.200.777.934.734.269",0,"Description: The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator<br>of KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Renal Aminoacidurias",1873,0.0,"D000608","C12.200.777.419.815.885",2,"Description: A group of inherited kidney disorders characterized<br>by the abnormally elevated levels of AMINO ACIDS in URINE.<br>Genetic mutations of transport proteins result in the defective<br>reabsorption of free amino acids at the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES.<br>Renal aminoaciduria are classified by the specific amino acid or<br>acids involved.",""],["Anovulation",1365,0.0,"D000858","C12.100.250.056.630.050",0,"Description: Suspension or cessation of OVULATION in animals or<br>humans with follicle-containing ovaries (OVARIAN FOLLICLE).<br>Depending on the etiology, OVULATION may be induced with<br>appropriate therapy.",""],["Anuria",2668,0.0,"D001002","C12.050.351.968.419.078",0,"Description: Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated<br>with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete<br>lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral<br>obstruction when a solitary kidney is present.",""],["Anuria",2668,0.0,"D001002","C12.050.351.968.934.070",0,"Description: Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated<br>with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete<br>lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral<br>obstruction when a solitary kidney is present.",""],["Bacteriuria",4889,0.0,"D001437","C12.050.351.968.892.219",0,"Description: The presence of bacteria in the urine which is<br>normally bacteria-free. These bacteria are from the URINARY TRACT<br>and are not contaminants of the surrounding tissues. Bacteriuria<br>can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Significant bacteriuria is an<br>indicator of urinary tract infection.",""],["Nephritis",81830,0.2,"D009393","C12.050.351.968.419.570",16,"Description: Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.",""],["Nephritis, Interstitial",15855,0.0,"D009395","C12.200.777.419.570.643",3,"Description: Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the<br>kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of<br>KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary<br>inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS.<br>Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial<br>compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the<br>tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.",""],["Balkan Nephropathy",473,0.0,"D001449","C12.950.419.570.643.150",0,"Description: A form of chronic interstitial nephritis that is<br>endemic to limited areas of BULGARIA, the former YUGOSLAVIA, and<br>ROMANIA. It is characterized by a progressive shrinking of the<br>KIDNEYS that is often associated with uroepithelial tumors.",""],["Bartter Syndrome",1394,0.0,"D001477","C12.200.777.419.815.279",0,"Description: A group of disorders caused by defective salt<br>reabsorption in the ascending LOOP OF HENLE. It is characterized<br>by severe salt-wasting, HYPOKALEMIA; HYPERCALCIURIA; metabolic<br>ALKALOSIS, and hyper-reninemic HYPERALDOSTERONISM without<br>HYPERTENSION. There are several subtypes including ones due to<br>mutations in the renal specific SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE<br>SYMPORTERS.",""],["Urinary Bladder Calculi",1974,0.0,"D001744","C12.050.351.968.829.521",0,"Description: Stones in the URINARY BLADDER; also known as vesical<br>calculi, bladder stones, or cystoliths.",""],["Urinary Bladder Calculi",1974,0.0,"D001744","C12.200.777.967.500.925",0,"Description: Stones in the URINARY BLADDER; also known as vesical<br>calculi, bladder stones, or cystoliths.",""],["Bladder Exstrophy",2033,0.0,"D001746","C12.050.351.968.829.132",0,"Description: A birth defect in which the URINARY BLADDER is<br>malformed and exposed, inside out, and protruded through the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL. It is caused by closure defects involving the top<br>front surface of the bladder, as well as the lower abdominal<br>wall; SKIN; MUSCLES; and the pubic bone.",""],["Urinary Bladder Fistula",4015,0.0,"D001747","C12.050.351.875.881.312",1,"Description: An abnormal passage in the URINARY BLADDER or<br>between the bladder and any surrounding organ.",""],["Urinary Bladder Fistula",4015,0.0,"D001747","C12.050.351.968.829.548",1,"Description: An abnormal passage in the URINARY BLADDER or<br>between the bladder and any surrounding organ.",""],["Urethral Obstruction",10023,0.0,"D014524","C12.050.351.968.767.700",2,"Description: Partial or complete blockage in any part of the<br>URETHRA that can lead to difficulty or inability to empty the<br>URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by an enlarged, often<br>damaged, bladder with frequent urges to void.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction",3620,0.0,"D001748","C12.050.351.968.829.601",0,"Description: Blocked urine flow through the bladder neck, the<br>narrow internal urethral opening at the base of the URINARY<br>BLADDER. Narrowing or strictures of the URETHRA can be congenital<br>or acquired. It is often observed in males with enlarged PROSTATE<br>glands.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction",3620,0.0,"D001748","C12.200.777.767.700.962",0,"Description: Blocked urine flow through the bladder neck, the<br>narrow internal urethral opening at the base of the URINARY<br>BLADDER. Narrowing or strictures of the URETHRA can be congenital<br>or acquired. It is often observed in males with enlarged PROSTATE<br>glands.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neoplasms",58489,0.1,"D001749","C12.050.351.937.820.945",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neoplasms",58489,0.1,"D001749","C12.050.351.968.829.707",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic",6160,0.0,"D001750","C12.050.351.968.829.760",0,"Description: Dysfunction of the URINARY BLADDER due to disease of<br>the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the<br>control of URINATION. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL<br>NERVE DISEASES.",""],["Vaginitis",13055,0.0,"D014627","C12.050.351.500.894.906",5,"Description: Inflammation of the vagina characterized by pain and<br>a purulent discharge.",""],["Vulvitis",5135,0.0,"D014847","C12.050.351.500.944.902",3,"Description: Inflammation of the VULVA. It is characterized by<br>PRURITUS and painful urination.",""],["Vulvovaginitis",4417,0.0,"D014848","C12.100.250.894.906.820",1,"Description: Inflammation of the VULVA and the VAGINA,<br>characterized by discharge, burning, and PRURITUS.",""],["Vulvovaginitis",4417,0.0,"D014848","C12.100.250.944.902.737",1,"Description: Inflammation of the VULVA and the VAGINA,<br>characterized by discharge, burning, and PRURITUS.",""],["Kidney Neoplasms",119344,0.3,"D007680","C12.050.351.937.820.535",5,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.",""],["Kidney Neoplasms",119344,0.3,"D007680","C12.050.351.968.419.473",5,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.",""],["Carcinoma, Renal Cell",39256,0.1,"D002292","C12.200.758.820.750.160",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary<br>carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several<br>subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the<br>chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells<br>(sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.",""],["Carcinoma, Renal Cell",39256,0.1,"D002292","C12.200.777.419.473.160",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary<br>carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several<br>subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the<br>chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells<br>(sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.",""],["Uterine Cervical Diseases",87777,0.2,"D002577","C12.050.351.500.852.593",7,"Description: Pathological processes of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Uterine Cervicitis",1638,0.0,"D002575","C12.100.250.852.593.150",0,"Description: Inflammation of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Uterine Cervical Dysplasia",3438,0.0,"D002578","C12.100.250.852.593.074",2,"Description: Abnormal development of immature squamous EPITHELIAL<br>CELLS of the UTERINE CERVIX, a term used to describe premalignant<br>cytological changes in the cervical EPITHELIUM. These atypical<br>cells do not penetrate the epithelial BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Uterine Cervical Erosion",368,0.0,"D002579","C12.100.250.852.593.112",0,"Description: Loss or destruction of the epithelial lining of the<br>UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Uterine Cervical Incompetence",1289,0.0,"D002581","C12.050.703.039.089.339",0,"Description: Incompetent UTERINE CERVIX is usually diagnosed in<br>the second trimester of PREGNANCY. It is characterized by passive<br>painless cervical dilation in the absence of UTERINE CONTRACTION;<br>BLEEDING; INFECTION; and sometimes with the amniotic sac<br>(AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE) bulging through the partially dilated cervix.<br>Left untreated, this condition may lead to premature pregnancy<br>loss, such as HABITUAL ABORTION.",""],["Uterine Cervical Incompetence",1289,0.0,"D002581","C12.100.250.852.593.120",0,"Description: Incompetent UTERINE CERVIX is usually diagnosed in<br>the second trimester of PREGNANCY. It is characterized by passive<br>painless cervical dilation in the absence of UTERINE CONTRACTION;<br>BLEEDING; INFECTION; and sometimes with the amniotic sac<br>(AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE) bulging through the partially dilated cervix.<br>Left untreated, this condition may lead to premature pregnancy<br>loss, such as HABITUAL ABORTION.",""],["Uterine Neoplasms",138682,0.3,"D014594","C12.050.351.500.852.762",4,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.",""],["Uterine Neoplasms",141895,0.3,"D014594","C12.050.351.937.418.875",5,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.",""],["Uterine Cervical Neoplasms",77952,0.2,"D002583","C12.100.250.852.593.131",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Uterine Cervical Neoplasms",77952,0.2,"D002583","C12.100.250.852.762.850",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Galactorrhea",1139,0.0,"D005687","C12.050.703.844.506.389",1,"Description: Excessive or inappropriate LACTATION in females or<br>males, and not necessarily related to PREGNANCY. Galactorrhea can<br>occur either unilaterally or bilaterally, and be profuse or<br>sparse. Its most common cause is HYPERPROLACTINEMIA.",""],["Gestational Trophoblastic Disease",5691,0.0,"D031901","C12.050.703.720.949.416",2,"Description: A group of diseases arising from pregnancy that are<br>commonly associated with hyperplasia of trophoblasts<br>(TROPHOBLAST) and markedly elevated human CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN.<br>They include HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, invasive mole (HYDATIDIFORM MOLE,<br>INVASIVE), placental-site trophoblastic tumor (TROPHOBLASTIC<br>TUMOR, PLACENTAL SITE), and CHORIOCARCINOMA. These neoplasms have<br>varying propensities for invasion and spread.",""],["Chorioamnionitis",2266,0.0,"D002821","C12.050.703.420.339.260",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the placental membranes (CHORION;<br>AMNION) and connected tissues such as fetal BLOOD VESSELS and<br>UMBILICAL CORD. It is often associated with intrauterine<br>ascending infections during PREGNANCY.",""],["Choriocarcinoma",5630,0.0,"D002822","C12.050.703.720.949.208",2,"Description: A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors.<br>Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no<br>CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated<br>cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is<br>characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN<br>produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses:<br>placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin<br>(CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL).",""],["Cystinuria",1232,0.0,"D003555","C12.950.419.815.885.250",0,"Description: An inherited disorder due to defective reabsorption<br>of CYSTINE and other BASIC AMINO ACIDS by the PROXIMAL RENAL<br>TUBULES. This form of aminoaciduria is characterized by the<br>abnormally high urinary levels of cystine; LYSINE; ARGININE; and<br>ORNITHINE. Mutations involve the amino acid transport protein<br>gene SLC3A1.",""],["Cystitis",8866,0.0,"D003556","C12.050.351.968.829.495",2,"Description: Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from<br>bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated<br>with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency,<br>and suprapubic pain.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus",7378,0.0,"D003919","C12.050.351.968.419.135",3,"Description: A disease that is characterized by frequent<br>urination, excretion of large amounts of dilute URINE, and<br>excessive THIRST. Etiologies of diabetes insipidus include<br>deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (also known as ADH or<br>VASOPRESSIN) secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS, impaired KIDNEY<br>response to ADH, and impaired hypothalamic regulation of thirst.",""],["Diabetic Nephropathies",22982,0.1,"D003928","C12.050.351.968.419.192",0,"Description: KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus<br>and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and<br>the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA,<br>from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than<br>300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and<br>END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.",""],["Endometrial Hyperplasia",2644,0.0,"D004714","C12.050.351.500.852.228",0,"Description: Benign proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM in the<br>UTERUS. Endometrial hyperplasia is classified by its cytology and<br>glandular tissue. There are simple, complex (adenomatous without<br>atypia), and atypical hyperplasia representing also the ascending<br>risk of becoming malignant.",""],["Endometritis",3045,0.0,"D004716","C12.050.351.500.852.299",0,"Description: Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by<br>intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of<br>postpartum fever.",""],["Endometritis",3045,0.0,"D004716","C12.100.250.056.750.249",0,"Description: Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by<br>intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of<br>postpartum fever.",""],["Enuresis",5187,0.0,"D004775","C12.050.351.968.934.252",2,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE after expected age of<br>completed development of urinary control. This can happen during<br>the daytime (DIURNAL ENURESIS) while one is awake or during sleep<br>(NOCTURNAL ENURESIS). Enuresis can be in children or in adults<br>(as persistent primary enuresis and secondary adult-onset<br>enuresis).",""],["Epispadias",697,0.0,"D004842","C12.050.351.968.767.374",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is above its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the top or the<br>side of the PENIS, but the urethra can also be open the entire<br>length of the penis. In the female, the malformed urethral<br>opening is often between the CLITORIS and the labia, or in the<br>ABDOMEN.",""],["Fallopian Tube Diseases",7116,0.0,"D005184","C12.050.351.500.056.390",2,"Description: Diseases involving the FALLOPIAN TUBES including<br>neoplasms (FALLOPIAN TUBE NEOPLASMS); SALPINGITIS; tubo-ovarian<br>abscess; and blockage.",""],["Fallopian Tube Neoplasms",2929,0.0,"D005185","C12.050.351.937.418.365",0,"Description: Benign or malignant neoplasms of the FALLOPIAN<br>TUBES. They are uncommon. If they develop, they may be located in<br>the wall or within the lumen as a growth attached to the wall by<br>a stalk.",""],["Fallopian Tube Neoplasms",2929,0.0,"D005185","C12.100.250.056.390.390",0,"Description: Benign or malignant neoplasms of the FALLOPIAN<br>TUBES. They are uncommon. If they develop, they may be located in<br>the wall or within the lumen as a growth attached to the wall by<br>a stalk.",""],["Fanconi Syndrome",1399,0.0,"D005198","C12.200.777.419.815.450",0,"Description: A hereditary or acquired form of generalized<br>dysfunction of the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE without primary<br>involvement of the KIDNEY GLOMERULUS. It is usually characterized<br>by the tubular wasting of nutrients and salts (GLUCOSE; AMINO<br>ACIDS; PHOSPHATES; and BICARBONATES) resulting in HYPOKALEMIA;<br>ACIDOSIS; HYPERCALCIURIA; and PROTEINURIA.",""],["Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development",10530,0.0,"D058533","C12.050.351.875.253.795",4,"Description: Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development<br>associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including<br>MONOSOMY; TRISOMY; and MOSAICISM.",""],["Freemartinism",124,0.0,"D005611","C12.200.706.316.795.124",0,"Description: A condition occurring in the female offspring of<br>dizygotic twins (TWIN, DIZYGOTIC) in a mixed-sex pregnancy,<br>usually in CATTLE. Freemartinism can occur in other mammals. When<br>placental fusion between the male and the female FETUSES permits<br>the exchange of fetal cells and fetal hormones, TESTICULAR<br>HORMONES from the male fetus can androgenize the female fetus<br>producing a sterile XX/XY chimeric \"female\"(CHIMERISM).",""],["Glomerulonephritis",46662,0.1,"D005921","C12.200.777.419.570.363",6,"Description: Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY<br>GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular<br>injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation,<br>cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural<br>and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA;<br>PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, IGA",6831,0.0,"D005922","C12.950.419.570.363.608",0,"Description: A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized<br>by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial<br>area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may<br>progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE.",""],["Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental",4450,0.0,"D005923","C12.950.419.570.363.640",0,"Description: A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term<br>for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary<br>or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced<br>GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially<br>indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis)<br>or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli<br>leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE.",""],["Glycosuria",2137,0.0,"D006029","C12.050.351.968.934.363",1,"Description: The appearance of an abnormally large amount of<br>GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It<br>can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal<br>reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA).",""],["Glycosuria, Renal",348,0.0,"D006030","C12.200.777.419.815.532",0,"Description: An autosomal inherited disorder due to defective<br>reabsorption of GLUCOSE by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The<br>urinary loss of glucose can reach beyond 50 g/day. It is<br>attributed to the mutations in the SODIUM-GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 2<br>encoded by the SLC5A2 gene.",""],["Glycosuria, Renal",348,0.0,"D006030","C12.200.777.934.363.450",0,"Description: An autosomal inherited disorder due to defective<br>reabsorption of GLUCOSE by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The<br>urinary loss of glucose can reach beyond 50 g/day. It is<br>attributed to the mutations in the SODIUM-GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 2<br>encoded by the SLC5A2 gene.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis",9832,0.0,"D006059","C12.050.351.875.253.309",6,"Description: A number of syndromes with defective gonadal<br>developments such as streak GONADS and dysgenetic testes or<br>ovaries. The spectrum of gonadal and sexual abnormalities is<br>reflected in their varied sex chromosome (SEX CHROMOSOMES)<br>constitution as shown by the karyotypes of 45,X monosomy (TURNER<br>SYNDROME); 46,XX (GONADAL DYSGENESIS, 46XX); 46,XY (GONADAL<br>DYSGENESIS, 46,XY); and sex chromosome MOSAICISM; (GONADAL<br>DYSGENESIS, MIXED). Their phenotypes range from female, through<br>ambiguous, to male. This concept includes gonadal agenesis.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C12.200.706.316.309.391",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C12.200.706.316.795.249",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY",4074,0.0,"D058490","C12.050.351.875.253.096",7,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals with a male<br>karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical<br>sex is atypical.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY",1067,0.0,"D006061","C12.200.706.316.096.687",1,"Description: Defects in the SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS in 46, XY<br>individuals that result in abnormal gonadal development and<br>deficiencies in TESTOSTERONE and subsequently ANTIMULLERIAN<br>HORMONE or other factors required for normal male sex<br>development. This leads to the development of female phenotypes<br>(male to female sex reversal), normal to tall stature, and<br>bilateral streak or dysgenic gonads which are susceptible to<br>GONADAL TISSUE NEOPLASMS. An XY gonadal dysgenesis is associated<br>with structural abnormalities on the Y CHROMOSOME, a mutation in<br>the GENE, SRY, or a mutation in other autosomal genes that are<br>involved in sex determination.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY",1067,0.0,"D006061","C12.200.706.316.309.388",1,"Description: Defects in the SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS in 46, XY<br>individuals that result in abnormal gonadal development and<br>deficiencies in TESTOSTERONE and subsequently ANTIMULLERIAN<br>HORMONE or other factors required for normal male sex<br>development. This leads to the development of female phenotypes<br>(male to female sex reversal), normal to tall stature, and<br>bilateral streak or dysgenic gonads which are susceptible to<br>GONADAL TISSUE NEOPLASMS. An XY gonadal dysgenesis is associated<br>with structural abnormalities on the Y CHROMOSOME, a mutation in<br>the GENE, SRY, or a mutation in other autosomal genes that are<br>involved in sex determination.",""],["Hartnup Disease",153,0.0,"D006250","C12.950.419.815.885.625",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective<br>absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the<br>PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN,<br>a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency,<br>PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional<br>instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the<br>neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.",""],["Hematocolpos",292,0.0,"D006399","C12.050.351.500.894.300",0,"Description: A blood-filled VAGINA that is obstructed.",""],["Hematometra",271,0.0,"D006409","C12.050.351.500.852.495",0,"Description: Blood-filled UTERUS.",""],["Hematuria",6320,0.0,"D006417","C12.050.351.968.934.442",0,"Description: Presence of blood in the urine.",""],["Hemoglobinuria",1155,0.0,"D006456","C12.200.777.934.734.634",0,"Description: The presence of free HEMOGLOBIN in the URINE,<br>indicating hemolysis of ERYTHROCYTES within the vascular system.<br>After saturating the hemoglobin-binding proteins (HAPTOGLOBINS),<br>free hemoglobin begins to appear in the urine.",""],["Uremia",19446,0.0,"D014511","C12.050.351.968.419.936",3,"Description: A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of<br>renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually<br>the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end<br>products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or<br>CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions<br>with a constellation of symptoms.",""],["Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome",5877,0.0,"D006463","C12.200.777.419.936.463",1,"Description: A syndrome that is associated with microvascular<br>diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is<br>characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC);<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.",""],["Hepatorenal Syndrome",1391,0.0,"D006530","C12.050.351.968.419.291",0,"Description: Functional KIDNEY FAILURE in patients with liver<br>disease, usually LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension<br>(HYPERTENSION, PORTAL), and in the absence of intrinsic renal<br>disease or kidney abnormality. It is characterized by intense<br>renal vasculature constriction, reduced renal blood flow,<br>OLIGURIA, and sodium retention.",""],["HIV Seropositivity",15688,0.0,"D006679","C12.100.937.640.400.500",0,"Description: Development of neutralizing antibodies in<br>individuals who have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency<br>virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV).",""],["Hydronephrosis",7228,0.0,"D006869","C12.050.351.968.419.307",1,"Description: Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to<br>dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often<br>associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney<br>diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY<br>BLADDER.",""],["Hyperoxaluria",1946,0.0,"D006959","C12.050.351.968.419.313",1,"Description: Excretion of an excessive amount of OXALATES in the<br>urine.",""],["Hyperoxaluria, Primary",1054,0.0,"D006960","C12.200.777.419.313.500",0,"Description: A genetic disorder characterized by excretion of<br>large amounts of OXALATES in urine; NEPHROLITHIASIS;<br>NEPHROCALCINOSIS; early onset of RENAL FAILURE; and often a<br>generalized deposit of CALCIUM OXALATE. There are subtypes<br>classified by the enzyme defects in glyoxylate metabolism.",""],["Hypertension, Renal",15626,0.0,"D006977","C12.050.351.968.419.331",1,"Description: Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY<br>DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal<br>vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.",""],["Hypertension, Renovascular",5526,0.0,"D006978","C12.200.777.419.331.490",0,"Description: Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or<br>compression.",""],["Hypophosphatemia, Familial",2053,0.0,"D007015","C12.200.777.419.815.647",1,"Description: An inherited condition of abnormally low serum<br>levels of PHOSPHATES (below 1 mg/liter) which can occur in a<br>number of genetic diseases with defective reabsorption of<br>inorganic phosphorus by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This leads to<br>phosphaturia, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, and disturbances of cellular and<br>organ functions such as those in X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; and FANCONI SYNDROME.",""],["Kidney Cortex Necrosis",622,0.0,"D007673","C12.050.351.968.419.393",0,"Description: Death of cells in the KIDNEY CORTEX, a common final<br>result of various renal injuries including HYPOXIA; ISCHEMIA; and<br>drug toxicity.",""],["Renal Insufficiency",173111,0.4,"D051437","C12.050.351.968.419.780",6,"Description: Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the<br>normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE,<br>and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM<br>metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree<br>of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and<br>reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.",""],["Renal Insufficiency, Chronic",110952,0.3,"D051436","C12.200.777.419.780.750",2,"Description: Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the<br>normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney<br>insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the<br>decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney<br>damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe<br>form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE).<br>(Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative,<br>2002)",""],["Kidney Failure, Chronic",79441,0.2,"D007676","C12.950.419.780.750.500",1,"Description: The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is<br>characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as<br>measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in<br>GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney<br>Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002).<br>These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY<br>TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Kidney Papillary Necrosis",779,0.0,"D007681","C12.050.351.968.419.493",0,"Description: A complication of kidney diseases characterized by<br>cell death involving KIDNEY PAPILLA in the KIDNEY MEDULLA.<br>Damages to this area may hinder the kidney to concentrate urine<br>resulting in POLYURIA. Sloughed off necrotic tissue may block<br>KIDNEY PELVIS or URETER. Necrosis of multiple renal papillae can<br>lead to KIDNEY FAILURE.",""],["Acute Kidney Injury",48684,0.1,"D058186","C12.200.777.419.780.050",1,"Description: Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney<br>injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including<br>acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other<br>less severe conditions.",""],["Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute",1418,0.0,"D007683","C12.950.419.780.050.500",0,"Description: Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of<br>EPITHELIAL CELLS of the KIDNEY TUBULES. It is commonly attributed<br>to exposure to toxic agents or renal ISCHEMIA following severe<br>TRAUMA.",""],["Kidney Diseases, Cystic",15376,0.0,"D052177","C12.050.351.968.419.403",5,"Description: A heterogeneous group of hereditary and acquired<br>disorders in which the KIDNEY contains one or more CYSTS<br>unilaterally or bilaterally (KIDNEY, CYSTIC).",""],["Polycystic Kidney Diseases",9499,0.0,"D007690","C12.200.777.419.403.875",2,"Description: Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the<br>progressive expansion of a large number of tightly packed CYSTS<br>within the KIDNEYS. They include diseases with autosomal dominant<br>and autosomal recessive inheritance.",""],["Medullary Sponge Kidney",494,0.0,"D007691","C12.200.777.419.403.500",0,"Description: A non-hereditary KIDNEY disorder characterized by<br>the abnormally dilated (ECTASIA) medullary and inner papillary<br>portions of the collecting ducts. These collecting ducts usually<br>contain CYSTS or DIVERTICULA filled with jelly-like material or<br>small calculi (KIDNEY STONES) leading to infections or<br>obstruction. It should be distinguished from congenital or<br>hereditary POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Klinefelter Syndrome",3270,0.0,"D007713","C12.200.706.316.795.500",0,"Description: A form of male HYPOGONADISM, characterized by the<br>presence of an extra X CHROMOSOME, small TESTES, seminiferous<br>tubule dysgenesis, elevated levels of GONADOTROPINS, low serum<br>TESTOSTERONE, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, and<br>male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE). Patients tend to have long<br>legs and a slim, tall stature. GYNECOMASTIA is present in many of<br>the patients. The classic form has the karyotype 47,XXY. Several<br>karyotype variants include 48,XXYY; 48,XXXY; 49,XXXXY, and mosaic<br>patterns ( 46,XY/47,XXY; 47,XXY/48,XXXY, etc.).",""],["Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus",636,0.0,"D007724","C12.050.351.500.944.815",0,"Description: Atrophy and shriveling of the SKIN of the VULVA that<br>is characterized by the whitish LICHEN SCLEROSUS appearance,<br>inflammation, and PRURITUS.",""],["Vaginal Discharge",1278,0.0,"D019522","C12.050.351.500.894.700",1,"Description: A common gynecologic disorder characterized by an<br>abnormal, nonbloody discharge from the genital tract.",""],["Leukorrhea",708,0.0,"D007973","C12.100.250.894.700.500",0,"Description: A clear or white discharge from the VAGINA,<br>consisting mainly of MUCUS.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",3041,0.0,"D018310","C12.100.500.260.937.500",2,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",3041,0.0,"D018310","C12.200.294.260.937.500",2,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",3041,0.0,"D018310","C12.200.758.409.937.500",2,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Leydig Cell Tumor",1599,0.0,"D007984","C12.900.619.937.500.249",0,"Description: Gonadal interstitial or stromal cell neoplasm<br>composed of only LEYDIG CELLS. These tumors may produce one or<br>more of the steroid hormones such as ANDROGENS; ESTROGENS; and<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS. Clinical symptoms include testicular swelling,<br>GYNECOMASTIA, sexual precocity in children, or virilization<br>(VIRILISM) in females.",""],["Lupus Nephritis",6841,0.0,"D008181","C12.950.419.570.363.680",0,"Description: Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune<br>disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is<br>histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal<br>glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III -<br>focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse<br>glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous<br>glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing<br>glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification<br>1982).",""],["Lymphogranuloma Venereum",1510,0.0,"D008219","C12.100.937.281.301.490",0,"Description: Subacute inflammation of the inguinal lymph glands<br>caused by certain immunotypes of CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. It is a<br>sexually transmitted disease in the U.S. but is more widespread<br>in developing countries. It is distinguished from granuloma<br>venereum (see GRANULOMA INGUINALE), which is caused by<br>Calymmatobacterium granulomatis.",""],["Menopause, Premature",755,0.0,"D008594","C12.100.250.056.630.250",0,"Description: The premature cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION)<br>when the last menstrual period occurs in a woman under the age of<br>40. It is due to the depletion of OVARIAN FOLLICLES. Premature<br>MENOPAUSE can be caused by diseases; OVARIECTOMY; RADIATION;<br>chemicals; and chromosomal abnormalities.",""],["Uterine Hemorrhage",11477,0.0,"D014592","C12.050.351.500.852.691",2,"Description: Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes<br>manifested as vaginal bleeding.",""],["Menorrhagia",3499,0.0,"D008595","C12.100.250.852.691.449",0,"Description: Excessive uterine bleeding during MENSTRUATION.",""],["Metrorrhagia",1954,0.0,"D008796","C12.100.250.852.691.622",0,"Description: Abnormal uterine bleeding that is not related to<br>MENSTRUATION, usually in females without regular MENSTRUAL CYCLE.<br>The irregular and unpredictable bleeding usually comes from a<br>dysfunctional ENDOMETRIUM.",""],["Nephritis, Hereditary",1911,0.0,"D009394","C12.200.777.419.570.620",0,"Description: A group of inherited conditions characterized<br>initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome<br>(hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by<br>mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.0,"D009396","C12.200.758.820.750.585",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.0,"D009396","C12.200.777.419.473.585",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Nephrocalcinosis",1622,0.0,"D009397","C12.050.351.968.419.590",0,"Description: A condition characterized by calcification of the<br>renal tissue itself. It is usually seen in distal RENAL TUBULAR<br>ACIDOSIS with calcium deposition in the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULES and<br>the surrounding interstitium. Nephrocalcinosis causes RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Nephrosclerosis",1152,0.0,"D009400","C12.050.351.968.419.610",0,"Description: Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by<br>fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by<br>renovascular diseases or chronic HYPERTENSION. Nephrosclerosis<br>leads to renal ISCHEMIA.",""],["Nephrosis",19092,0.0,"D009401","C12.050.351.968.419.630",2,"Description: Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without<br>inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary<br>disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is<br>characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence<br>of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA.",""],["Nephrosis, Lipoid",2174,0.0,"D009402","C12.200.777.419.630.477",0,"Description: A kidney disease with no or minimal histological<br>glomerular changes on light microscopy and with no immune<br>deposits. It is characterized by lipid accumulation in the<br>epithelial cells of KIDNEY TUBULES and in the URINE. Patients<br>usually show NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of<br>PROTEINURIA with accompanying EDEMA.",""],["Nephrotic Syndrome",14066,0.0,"D009404","C12.200.777.419.630.643",0,"Description: A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA,<br>greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss<br>of protein in the urine results in complications such as<br>HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and<br>HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome<br>generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C12.200.777.419.815.720",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Oliguria",654,0.0,"D009846","C12.050.351.968.934.600",0,"Description: Decreased URINE output that is below the normal<br>range. Oliguria can be defined as urine output of less than or<br>equal to 0.5 or 1 ml/kg/hr depending on the age.",""],["Oophoritis",411,0.0,"D009869","C12.100.250.056.630.450",0,"Description: Inflammation of the OVARY, generally caused by an<br>ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix.",""],["Oophoritis",411,0.0,"D009869","C12.100.250.056.750.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the OVARY, generally caused by an<br>ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix.",""],["Ovarian Cysts",21461,0.1,"D010048","C12.100.250.056.630.580",1,"Description: General term for CYSTS and cystic diseases of the<br>OVARY.",""],["Parametritis",131,0.0,"D010249","C12.100.250.056.750.750",0,"Description: Inflammation of the parametrium, the connective<br>tissue of the pelvic floor, extending from the subserous coat of<br>the uterus laterally between the layers of the BROAD LIGAMENT.",""],["Paraphimosis",106,0.0,"D010263","C12.100.500.494.684.587",0,"Description: A condition in which the FORESKIN, once retracted,<br>cannot return to its original position. If this condition<br>persists, it can lead to painful constriction of GLANS PENIS,<br>swelling, and impaired blood flow to the penis.",""],["Paraphimosis",106,0.0,"D010263","C12.200.294.494.684.587",0,"Description: A condition in which the FORESKIN, once retracted,<br>cannot return to its original position. If this condition<br>persists, it can lead to painful constriction of GLANS PENIS,<br>swelling, and impaired blood flow to the penis.",""],["Perinephritis",193,0.0,"D010501","C12.050.351.968.419.685",0,"Description: Inflammation of the connective and adipose tissues<br>surrounding the KIDNEY.",""],["Polyuria",1168,0.0,"D011141","C12.050.351.968.934.616",0,"Description: Urination of a large volume of urine with an<br>increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes<br>(DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS).",""],["Pruritus Vulvae",351,0.0,"D011539","C12.050.351.500.944.626",0,"Description: Intense itching of the external female genitals.",""],["Pseudohypoaldosteronism",508,0.0,"D011546","C12.200.777.419.815.770",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by<br>renal electrolyte transport dysfunctions. Congenital forms are<br>rare autosomal disorders characterized by neonatal hypertension,<br>HYPERKALEMIA, increased RENIN activity and ALDOSTERONE<br>concentration. The Type I features HYPERKALEMIA with sodium<br>wasting; Type II, HYPERKALEMIA without sodium wasting.<br>Pseudohypoaldosteronism can be the result of a defective renal<br>electrolyte transport protein or acquired after KIDNEY<br>TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Pyelitis",10991,0.0,"D011702","C12.200.777.419.570.821",3,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and KIDNEY CALICES<br>where urine is collected before discharge, but does not involve<br>the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS) where urine is processed.",""],["Pyelonephritis",10496,0.0,"D011704","C12.950.419.570.643.790",1,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal<br>parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It<br>is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and<br>occasionally DIARRHEA.",""],["Pyelonephritis",10496,0.0,"D011704","C12.950.419.570.821.717",1,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal<br>parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It<br>is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and<br>occasionally DIARRHEA.",""],["Pyuria",585,0.0,"D011776","C12.050.351.968.892.719",0,"Description: The presence of white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) in<br>the urine. It is often associated with bacterial infections of<br>the urinary tract. Pyuria without BACTERIURIA can be caused by<br>TUBERCULOSIS, stones, or cancer.",""],["Vaginal Fistula",4697,0.0,"D014624","C12.050.351.500.894.767",2,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage that connects the<br>VAGINA to other organs, such as the bladder (VESICOVAGINAL<br>FISTULA) or the rectum (RECTOVAGINAL FISTULA).",""],["Rectovaginal Fistula",1194,0.0,"D012006","C12.100.250.894.767.249",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the RECTUM<br>and the VAGINA.",""],["Renal Artery Obstruction",8280,0.0,"D012078","C12.050.351.968.419.775",0,"Description: Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or<br>arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR<br>DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The<br>reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension<br>(HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).",""],["Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder",2928,0.0,"D012080","C12.050.351.968.419.795",0,"Description: Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development<br>due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3<br>synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative<br>feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.",""],["Salpingitis",1395,0.0,"D012488","C12.100.250.056.390.890",0,"Description: Inflammation of the uterine salpinx, the trumpet-<br>shaped FALLOPIAN TUBES, usually caused by ascending infections of<br>organisms from the lower reproductive tract. Salpingitis can lead<br>to tubal scarring, hydrosalpinx, tubal occlusion, INFERTILITY,<br>and ectopic pregnancy (PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC)",""],["Salpingitis",1395,0.0,"D012488","C12.100.250.056.750.875",0,"Description: Inflammation of the uterine salpinx, the trumpet-<br>shaped FALLOPIAN TUBES, usually caused by ascending infections of<br>organisms from the lower reproductive tract. Salpingitis can lead<br>to tubal scarring, hydrosalpinx, tubal occlusion, INFERTILITY,<br>and ectopic pregnancy (PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC)",""],["Schistosomiasis haematobia",2506,0.0,"D012553","C12.050.351.968.892.775",0,"Description: A human disease caused by the infection of parasitic<br>worms SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM. It is endemic in AFRICA and parts<br>of the MIDDLE EAST. Tissue damages most often occur in the<br>URINARY TRACT, specifically the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Sertoli Cell Tumor",687,0.0,"D012707","C12.900.619.937.500.500",0,"Description: Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS<br>or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli<br>cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in<br>sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as<br>FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).",""],["Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome",1607,0.0,"D013734","C12.200.706.316.096.500",0,"Description: A disorder of sexual development transmitted as an<br>X-linked recessive trait. These patients have a karyotype of<br>46,XY with end-organ resistance to androgen due to mutations in<br>the androgen receptor (RECEPTORS, ANDROGEN) gene. Severity of the<br>defect in receptor quantity or quality correlates with their<br>phenotypes. In these genetic males, the phenotypic spectrum<br>ranges from those with normal female external genitalia, through<br>those with genital ambiguity as in Reifenstein Syndrome, to that<br>of a normal male with INFERTILITY.",""],["Trichomonas Vaginitis",2754,0.0,"D014247","C12.100.250.894.906.633",0,"Description: Inflammation of the vagina, marked by a purulent<br>discharge. This disease is caused by the protozoan TRICHOMONAS<br>VAGINALIS.",""],["Tuberculosis, Renal",2295,0.0,"D014398","C12.050.351.968.419.912",0,"Description: Infection of the KIDNEY with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.0,"D014424","C12.200.706.316.309.872",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.0,"D014424","C12.200.706.316.795.750",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Ureterolithiasis",6541,0.0,"D053039","C12.050.351.968.725.938",1,"Description: Formation of stones in the URETER.",""],["Ureterolithiasis",6541,0.0,"D053039","C12.050.351.968.967.374",1,"Description: Formation of stones in the URETER.",""],["Ureteral Calculi",5983,0.0,"D014514","C12.200.777.725.938.500",0,"Description: Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY.<br>They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal<br>stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the<br>ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.",""],["Ureteral Calculi",5983,0.0,"D014514","C12.200.777.967.374.500",0,"Description: Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY.<br>They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal<br>stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the<br>ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.",""],["Ureteral Calculi",5983,0.0,"D014514","C12.200.777.967.500.851",0,"Description: Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY.<br>They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal<br>stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the<br>ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.",""],["Ureteral Neoplasms",4759,0.0,"D014516","C12.050.351.937.820.875",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETER which may cause<br>obstruction leading to hydroureter, HYDRONEPHROSIS, and<br>PYELONEPHRITIS. HEMATURIA is a common symptom.",""],["Ureteral Neoplasms",4759,0.0,"D014516","C12.050.351.968.725.676",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETER which may cause<br>obstruction leading to hydroureter, HYDRONEPHROSIS, and<br>PYELONEPHRITIS. HEMATURIA is a common symptom.",""],["Ureteral Obstruction",11410,0.0,"D014517","C12.050.351.968.725.776",0,"Description: Blockage in any part of the URETER causing<br>obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER.<br>The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral,<br>bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the<br>degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary<br>greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy.",""],["Ureterocele",1143,0.0,"D014518","C12.050.351.968.725.876",0,"Description: A cystic dilatation of the end of a URETER as it<br>enters into the URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by the<br>ballooning of the ureteral orifice into the lumen of the bladder<br>and may obstruct urine flow.",""],["Urethral Neoplasms",2529,0.0,"D014523","C12.050.351.937.820.890",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETHRA. Benign epithelial<br>tumors of the urethra usually consist of squamous and<br>transitional cells. Primary urethral carcinomas are rare and<br>typically of squamous cells. Urethral carcinoma is the only<br>urological malignancy that is more common in females than in<br>males.",""],["Urethral Neoplasms",2529,0.0,"D014523","C12.050.351.968.767.601",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETHRA. Benign epithelial<br>tumors of the urethra usually consist of squamous and<br>transitional cells. Primary urethral carcinomas are rare and<br>typically of squamous cells. Urethral carcinoma is the only<br>urological malignancy that is more common in females than in<br>males.",""],["Urethral Stricture",4617,0.0,"D014525","C12.200.777.767.700.700",0,"Description: Narrowing of any part of the URETHRA. It is<br>characterized by decreased urinary stream and often other<br>obstructive voiding symptoms.",""],["Urethritis",3565,0.0,"D014526","C12.050.351.968.767.851",0,"Description: Inflammation involving the URETHRA. Similar to<br>CYSTITIS, clinical symptoms range from vague discomfort to<br>painful urination (DYSURIA), urethral discharge, or both.",""],["Urinary Incontinence",30973,0.1,"D014549","C12.050.351.968.934.814",2,"Description: Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine.<br>It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes.<br>Major types of incontinence include URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE and<br>URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE.",""],["Urinary Incontinence, Stress",11031,0.0,"D014550","C12.200.777.934.852.249",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE as a result of<br>physical activities that increase abdominal pressure on the<br>URINARY BLADDER without detrusor contraction or overdistended<br>bladder. The subtypes are classified by the degree of leakage,<br>descent and opening of the bladder neck and URETHRA without<br>bladder contraction, and sphincter deficiency.",""],["Uterine Inertia",562,0.0,"D014593","C12.050.703.420.288.728",0,"Description: Failure of the UTERUS to contract with normal<br>strength, duration, and intervals during childbirth (LABOR,<br>OBSTETRIC). It is also called uterine atony.",""],["Uterine Rupture",4175,0.0,"D014597","C12.050.351.500.852.904",1,"Description: A complete separation or tear in the wall of the<br>UTERUS with or without expulsion of the FETUS. It may be due to<br>injuries, multiple pregnancies, large fetus, previous scarring,<br>or obstruction.",""],["Uterine Perforation",718,0.0,"D014595","C12.100.250.852.904.500",0,"Description: A hole or break through the wall of the UTERUS,<br>usually made by the placement of an instrument or INTRAUTERINE<br>DEVICES.",""],["Uterine Prolapse",5027,0.0,"D014596","C12.050.351.500.852.833",0,"Description: Downward displacement of the UTERUS. It is<br>classified in various degrees: in the first degree the UTERINE<br>CERVIX is within the vaginal orifice; in the second degree the<br>cervix is outside the orifice; in the third degree the entire<br>uterus is outside the orifice.",""],["Vaginal Neoplasms",4496,0.0,"D014625","C12.050.351.500.894.834",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the VAGINA.",""],["Vaginal Neoplasms",4496,0.0,"D014625","C12.050.351.937.418.937",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the VAGINA.",""],["Vesico-Ureteral Reflux",6812,0.0,"D014718","C12.050.351.968.829.920",0,"Description: Retrograde flow of urine from the URINARY BLADDER<br>into the URETER. This is often due to incompetence of the<br>vesicoureteral valve leading to ascending bacterial infection<br>into the KIDNEY.",""],["Vesicovaginal Fistula",2295,0.0,"D014719","C12.100.250.894.767.500",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the URINARY<br>BLADDER and the VAGINA.",""],["Vulvar Neoplasms",8196,0.0,"D014846","C12.050.351.500.944.819",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the VULVA.",""],["Vulvar Neoplasms",8196,0.0,"D014846","C12.050.351.937.418.968",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the VULVA.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C12.200.777.419.135.875",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Hydrops Fetalis",1822,0.0,"D015160","C12.050.703.277.060.480",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more<br>fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA;<br>PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-<br>immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of<br>ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C12.050.351.968.419.978",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative",2292,0.0,"D015432","C12.950.419.570.363.615",0,"Description: Chronic glomerulonephritis characterized<br>histologically by proliferation of MESANGIAL CELLS, increase in<br>the MESANGIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a thickening of the<br>glomerular capillary walls. This may appear as a primary disorder<br>or secondary to other diseases including infections and<br>autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Various subtypes<br>are classified by their abnormal ultrastructures and immune<br>deposits. Hypocomplementemia is a characteristic feature of all<br>types of MPGN.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, Membranous",3519,0.0,"D015433","C12.950.419.570.363.625",0,"Description: A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized<br>by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE<br>ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT<br>MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to<br>basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the<br>basement membrane.",""],["AIDS Dementia Complex",3529,0.0,"D015526","C12.100.937.640.400.070",0,"Description: A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED<br>IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired<br>concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA,<br>incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1<br>viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic<br>examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction,<br>perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and<br>multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr<br>6;332(14):934-40)",""],["Urinary Retention",3802,0.0,"D016055","C12.050.351.968.934.880",0,"Description: Inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER with voiding<br>(URINATION).",""],["AIDS-Associated Nephropathy",827,0.0,"D016263","C12.050.351.968.419.050",0,"Description: Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-<br>infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe<br>proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with<br>distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys,<br>and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct<br>from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of<br>kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.",""],["AIDS-Associated Nephropathy",827,0.0,"D016263","C12.100.937.640.400.072",0,"Description: Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-<br>infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe<br>proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with<br>distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys,<br>and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct<br>from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of<br>kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.",""],["Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome",2070,0.0,"D016471","C12.100.250.056.630.642",0,"Description: A complication of OVULATION INDUCTION in infertility<br>treatment. It is graded by the severity of symptoms which include<br>OVARY enlargement, multiple OVARIAN FOLLICLES; OVARIAN CYSTS;<br>ASCITES; and generalized EDEMA. The full-blown syndrome may lead<br>to RENAL FAILURE, respiratory distress, and even DEATH. Increased<br>capillary permeability is caused by the vasoactive substances,<br>such as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS, secreted by the<br>overly-stimulated OVARIES.",""],["Vaginosis, Bacterial",3060,0.0,"D016585","C12.100.250.894.906.800",0,"Description: Polymicrobial, nonspecific vaginitis associated with<br>positive cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic<br>organisms and a decrease in lactobacilli. It remains unclear<br>whether the initial pathogenic event is caused by the growth of<br>anaerobes or a primary decrease in lactobacilli.",""],["Primary Ovarian Insufficiency",2911,0.0,"D016649","C12.100.250.056.630.750",0,"Description: Cessation of ovarian function after MENARCHE but<br>before the age of 40, without or with OVARIAN FOLLICLE depletion.<br>It is characterized by the presence of OLIGOMENORRHEA or<br>AMENORRHEA, elevated GONADOTROPINS, and low ESTRADIOL levels. It<br>is a state of female HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM. Etiologies<br>include genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy,<br>radiation, and infections. The most commonly known genetic cause<br>is the expansion of a CGG repeat to 55 to 199 copies in the 5'<br>untranslated region in the X-linked FMR1 gene.",""],["Endometrial Neoplasms",23629,0.1,"D016889","C12.100.250.852.762.200",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining<br>of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their<br>classification and grading are based on the various cell types<br>and the percent of undifferentiated cells.",""],["Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant",4073,0.0,"D016891","C12.950.419.403.875.500",0,"Description: Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance<br>and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS with<br>progressive deterioration of renal function.",""],["Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive",656,0.0,"D017044","C12.950.419.403.875.510",0,"Description: A genetic disorder with autosomal recessive<br>inheritance, characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS and<br>associated LIVER lesions. Serious manifestations are usually<br>present at BIRTH with high PERINATAL MORTALITY.",""],["Kallmann Syndrome",579,0.0,"D017436","C12.200.706.316.096.750",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by<br>hypothalamic GNRH deficiency and OLFACTORY NERVE defects. It is<br>characterized by congenital HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM and<br>ANOSMIA, possibly with additional midline defects. It can be<br>transmitted as an X-linked (GENETIC DISEASES, X-LINKED), an<br>autosomal dominant, or an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["46, XX Disorders of Sex Development",2484,0.0,"D058489","C12.050.351.875.253.064",3,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals with a female<br>karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical<br>sex is atypical.",""],["Hyperandrogenism",1604,0.0,"D017588","C12.200.706.316.064.500",0,"Description: A condition caused by the excessive secretion of<br>ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES.<br>The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the<br>common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in<br>patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL<br>HYPERFUNCTION.",""],["Hyperandrogenism",1604,0.0,"D017588","C12.200.706.316.090.750",0,"Description: A condition caused by the excessive secretion of<br>ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES.<br>The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the<br>common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in<br>patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL<br>HYPERFUNCTION.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C12.200.706.316.096.875",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C12.900.820.535.585.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C12.950.419.473.585.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C12.950.983.535.585.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Nephroma, Mesoblastic",288,0.0,"D018201","C12.200.758.820.750.372",0,"Description: A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the KIDNEY composed<br>of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble FIBROBLASTS or muscle<br>cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal<br>parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases,<br>mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or<br>newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult.",""],["Nephroma, Mesoblastic",288,0.0,"D018201","C12.200.777.419.473.372",0,"Description: A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the KIDNEY composed<br>of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble FIBROBLASTS or muscle<br>cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal<br>parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases,<br>mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or<br>newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult.",""],["Endometrial Stromal Tumors",947,0.0,"D036821","C12.900.418.875.200.374",1,"Description: Neoplasms of the endometrial stroma that sometimes<br>involve the MYOMETRIUM. These tumors contain cells that may<br>closely or remotely resemble the normal stromal cells.<br>Endometrial stromal neoplasms are divided into three categories:<br>(1) benign stromal nodules; (2) low-grade stromal sarcoma, or<br>endolymphatic stromal myosis; and (3) malignant endometrial<br>stromal sarcoma (SARCOMA, ENDOMETRIAL STROMAL).",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C12.800.316.096.687.500",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C12.800.316.309.388.500",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Carcinoma, Endometrioid",3213,0.0,"D018269","C12.900.418.875.200.124",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of<br>cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a<br>common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL<br>CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this<br>form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic",817,0.0,"D018500","C12.200.777.419.135.500",0,"Description: A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder<br>characterized by persistent hypotonic urine and HYPOKALEMIA. This<br>condition is due to renal tubular insensitivity to VASOPRESSIN<br>and failure to reduce urine volume. It may be the result of<br>mutations of genes encoding VASOPRESSIN RECEPTORS or AQUAPORIN-2;<br>KIDNEY DISEASES; adverse drug effects; or complications from<br>PREGNANCY.",""],["Cystitis, Interstitial",2719,0.0,"D018856","C12.200.777.829.495.500",0,"Description: A condition with recurring discomfort or pain in the<br>URINARY BLADDER and the surrounding pelvic region without an<br>identifiable disease. Severity of pain in interstitial cystitis<br>varies greatly and often is accompanied by increased urination<br>frequency and urgency.",""],["HIV Enteropathy",108,0.0,"D019053","C12.100.937.640.400.480",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-<br>established DIARRHEA (greater than one month in duration) without<br>an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an<br>HIV-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or<br>indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. HIV enteropathy is<br>a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms<br>of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles<br>of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus<br>Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155)",""],["HIV Wasting Syndrome",436,0.0,"D019247","C12.100.937.640.400.520",0,"Description: Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent<br>associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic<br>diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a<br>defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is<br>major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A<br>variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to<br>this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,<br>13th ed, p1611).",""],["Uterine Inversion",337,0.0,"D019687","C12.050.351.500.852.726",0,"Description: A complication of OBSTETRIC LABOR in which the<br>corpus of the UTERUS is forced completely or partially through<br>the UTERINE CERVIX. This can occur during the late stages of<br>labor and is associated with IMMEDIATE POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease",1817,0.0,"D019867","C12.950.419.570.363.304",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease of the KIDNEY and the LUNG. It<br>is characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies<br>targeting the epitopes in the non-collagenous domains of COLLAGEN<br>TYPE IV in the basement membranes of kidney glomeruli (KIDNEY<br>GLOMERULUS) and lung alveoli (PULMONARY ALVEOLI), and the<br>subsequent destruction of these basement membranes. Clinical<br>features include pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage and<br>glomerulonephritis.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic",1286,0.0,"D020790","C12.200.777.419.135.750",0,"Description: A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of VASOPRESSINS secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS.<br>Clinical signs include the excretion of large volumes of dilute<br>URINE; HYPERNATREMIA; THIRST; and polydipsia. Etiologies include<br>HEAD TRAUMA; surgeries and diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS<br>and the PITUITARY GLAND. This disorder may also be caused by<br>mutations of genes such as ARVP encoding vasopressin and its<br>corresponding neurophysin (NEUROPHYSINS).",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C12.100.937.640.400.048",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney",525,0.0,"D021782","C12.200.777.419.403.750",0,"Description: A nongenetic defect due to malformation of the<br>KIDNEY which appears as a bunch of grapes with multiple renal<br>cysts but lacking the normal renal bean shape, and the collection<br>drainage system. This condition can be detected in-utero with<br>ULTRASONOGRAPHY.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX",150,0.0,"D023961","C12.200.706.316.064.249",0,"Description: The 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis may be sporadic or<br>familial. Familial XX gonadal dysgenesis is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive trait and its locus was mapped to chromosome<br>2. Mutation in the gene for the FSH receptor (RECEPTORS, FSH) was<br>detected. Sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis is heterogeneous and has<br>been associated with trisomy-13 and trisomy-18. These phenotypic<br>females are characterized by a normal stature, sexual<br>infantilism, bilateral streak gonads, amenorrhea, elevated plasma<br>LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH concentration.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX",150,0.0,"D023961","C12.200.706.316.309.193",0,"Description: The 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis may be sporadic or<br>familial. Familial XX gonadal dysgenesis is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive trait and its locus was mapped to chromosome<br>2. Mutation in the gene for the FSH receptor (RECEPTORS, FSH) was<br>detected. Sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis is heterogeneous and has<br>been associated with trisomy-13 and trisomy-18. These phenotypic<br>females are characterized by a normal stature, sexual<br>infantilism, bilateral streak gonads, amenorrhea, elevated plasma<br>LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH concentration.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C12.200.706.316.096.562",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C12.900.820.535.585.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C12.950.419.473.585.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C12.950.983.535.585.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome",1111,0.0,"D039682","C12.100.937.640.400.530",0,"Description: Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution<br>in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be<br>multifactorial and probably involves some combination of<br>infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of<br>antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.",""],["Premature Birth",13169,0.0,"D047928","C12.050.703.420.491.500",0,"Description: CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days<br>from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period, or 245<br>days after FERTILIZATION).",""],["Sexual Infantilism",270,0.0,"D050035","C12.200.706.316.309.631",0,"Description: The permanent lack of SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT in an<br>individual. This defect is usually observed at an age after<br>expected PUBERTY.",""],["Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development",289,0.0,"D050090","C12.050.351.875.253.343",0,"Description: Conditions of sexual ambiguity in which the<br>individual possesses gonadal tissues of both sexes, tissues from<br>the OVARY and the TESTIS. There can be a testis on one side and<br>an ovary on the other (lateral), or there may be combined ovarian<br>and testicular tissue (ovotestes) on each side (bilateral). The<br>karyotype may be 46,XX; 46,XY; or a mosaic of 46,XX/46,XY. These<br>disorders have historically been called true hermaphroditism.",""],["Vaginismus",170,0.0,"D052065","C12.050.351.500.894.870",0,"Description: Recurrent or persistent involuntary SPASM of the<br>outer muscles of the VAGINA, occurring during vaginal<br>penetration.",""],["Frasier Syndrome",43,0.0,"D052159","C12.200.706.316.096.624",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE<br>and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of<br>46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is<br>caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor<br>gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Hydrocolpos",138,0.0,"D052202","C12.050.351.500.894.500",0,"Description: A fluid-filled VAGINA that is obstructed.",""],["Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans",107,0.0,"D052798","C12.100.500.494.136.500",0,"Description: An atrophic and sclerotic condition of the head of<br>the PENIS, glans penis. Sometimes it leads to stenosis and<br>occasionally obliteration of the external meatal orifice.",""],["Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans",107,0.0,"D052798","C12.200.294.494.136.500",0,"Description: An atrophic and sclerotic condition of the head of<br>the PENIS, glans penis. Sometimes it leads to stenosis and<br>occasionally obliteration of the external meatal orifice.",""],["Cystocele",470,0.0,"D052858","C12.050.351.968.829.508",0,"Description: A HERNIA-like condition in which the weakened pelvic<br>muscles cause the URINARY BLADDER to drop from its normal<br>position. Fallen urinary bladder is more common in females with<br>the bladder dropping into the VAGINA and less common in males<br>with the bladder dropping into the SCROTUM.",""],["Pyonephrosis",191,0.0,"D053018","C12.200.777.419.307.500",0,"Description: Distention of KIDNEY with the presence of PUS and<br>suppurative destruction of the renal parenchyma. It is often<br>associated with renal obstruction and can lead to total or nearly<br>total loss of renal function.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C12.950.419.815.647.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Azotemia",317,0.0,"D053099","C12.200.777.419.936.231",0,"Description: A biochemical abnormality referring to an elevation<br>of BLOOD UREA NITROGEN and CREATININE. Azotemia can be produced<br>by KIDNEY DISEASES or other extrarenal disorders. When azotemia<br>becomes associated with a constellation of clinical signs, it is<br>termed UREMIA.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Overactive",5421,0.0,"D053201","C12.050.351.968.829.813",0,"Description: Symptom of overactive detrusor muscle of the URINARY<br>BLADDER that contracts with abnormally high frequency and<br>urgency. Overactive bladder is characterized by the frequent<br>feeling of needing to urinate during the day, during the night,<br>or both. URINARY INCONTINENCE may or may not be present.",""],["Urinary Incontinence, Urge",752,0.0,"D053202","C12.200.777.934.852.500",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE that is associated<br>with an abrupt and strong desire to void. It is usually related<br>to the involuntary contractions of the detrusor muscle of the<br>bladder (detrusor hyperreflexia or detrusor instability).",""],["Nocturnal Enuresis",1417,0.0,"D053206","C12.200.777.934.284.500",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE during sleep at night<br>after expected age of completed development of urinary control.",""],["Diurnal Enuresis",128,0.0,"D053207","C12.200.777.934.284.249",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE during the daytime<br>while one is awake.",""],["Gitelman Syndrome",464,0.0,"D053579","C12.200.777.419.815.491",0,"Description: An inherited renal disorder characterized by<br>defective NaCl reabsorption in the convoluted DISTAL KIDNEY<br>TUBULE leading to HYPOKALEMIA. In contrast with BARTTER SYNDROME,<br>Gitelman syndrome includes hypomagnesemia and normocalcemic<br>hypocalciuria, and is caused by mutations in the thiazide-<br>sensitive SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.",""],["Pyelocystitis",52,0.0,"D053653","C12.200.777.829.495.750",0,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and the URINARY<br>BLADDER.",""],["Pyelocystitis",52,0.0,"D053653","C12.950.419.570.821.358",0,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and the URINARY<br>BLADDER.",""],["Vulvar Vestibulitis",63,0.0,"D054515","C12.100.250.944.902.368",0,"Description: Inflammation of the vulvar vestibular region at the<br>entrance of the VAGINA, generally involving surface mucosa and<br>submucosal vestibular glands. It is characterized by ERYTHEMA and<br>chronic recurrent pain in this area.",""],["Pyometra",291,0.0,"D055112","C12.050.351.500.852.544",0,"Description: An accumulation of PUS in the uterine cavity<br>(UTERUS). Pyometra generally indicates the presence of<br>infections.",""],["Vulvodynia",582,0.0,"D056650","C12.050.351.500.944.951",0,"Description: Complex pain syndrome with unknown etiology,<br>characterized by constant or intermittent generalized vulva pain<br>(Generalized vulvodynia) or localized burning sensations in the<br>VESTIBULE area when pressure is applied (Vestibulodynia, or<br>Vulvar Vestibulitis Syndrome). Typically, vulvar tissue with<br>vulvodynia appears normal without infection or skin disease.<br>Vulvodynia impacts negatively on a woman's quality of life as it<br>interferes with sexual and daily activities.",""],["Liddle Syndrome",96,0.0,"D056929","C12.200.777.419.815.683",0,"Description: Familial pseudoaldosteronism characterized by<br>autosomal dominant inheritance of hypertension with HYPOKALEMIA;<br>ALKALOSIS; RENIN and ALDOSTERONE level decreases. It is caused by<br>mutations in EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS beta and gamma subunits.<br>Different mutations in the same EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS<br>subunits can cause PSEUDOHYPOALDOSTERONISM, TYPE I, AUTOSOMAL<br>DOMINANT.",""],["Dent Disease",112,0.0,"D057973","C12.200.777.419.815.364",0,"Description: X-linked recessive NEPHROLITHIASIS characterized by<br>HYPERCALCIURIA; HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; NEPHROCALCINOSIS; and<br>PROTEINURIA. It is associated with mutations in the voltage-gated<br>chloride channel, CLC-5 (Dent Disease I). Another group of<br>mutations associated with this disease is in phosphatidylinositol<br>4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase gene.",""],["46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development",53,0.0,"D058531","C12.200.706.316.064.124",0,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals in which male<br>GONADS develop in a genetic female (female to male sex reversal).",""],["Granulomatous Mastitis",436,0.0,"D058890","C12.050.703.844.603.400",0,"Description: A rare, benign, inflammatory breast disease<br>occurring in premenopausal women shortly after a recent<br>pregnancy. The origin is unknown but it is commonly mistaken for<br>malignancy and sometimes associated with BREAST FEEDING and the<br>use of ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.",""],["Renal Nutcracker Syndrome",272,0.0,"D059228","C12.050.351.968.419.787",0,"Description: Left RENAL VEIN compression between the AORTA,<br>ABDOMINAL and the SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY. Variable symptoms<br>include HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR; HEMATURIA; and VARICOSE<br>VEINS.",""],["Atrophic Vaginitis",48,0.0,"D059268","C12.100.250.894.906.316",0,"Description: Inflammation of the vagina due to thinning of the<br>vaginal wall and decreased lubrication associated with reduced<br>estrogen levels at MENOPAUSE.",""],["Cardio-Renal Syndrome",966,0.0,"D059347","C12.200.777.419.780.400",0,"Description: Condition where a primary dysfunction of either<br>heart or kidney results in failure of the other organ (e.g.,<br>HEART FAILURE with worsening RENAL INSUFFICIENCY).",""],["Uterine Retroversion",87,0.0,"D060725","C12.050.351.500.852.900",0,"Description: A condition in which the UTERUS is found tilted<br>backward toward the spine. The uterus is more commonly found in a<br>straight vertical or anteverted (tipped forward) position.<br>Although retroverted uterus is a normal variant position without<br>symptoms, it is sometimes associated with pain, discomfort and<br>other pregnancy complications.",""],["Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor",127,0.0,"D062688","C12.100.937.640.220.500",0,"Description: Exophytic tumor of the anogenital region associated<br>with HPV infections. It becomes a large cauliflower-like,<br>hyperkeratotic, verrucous mass that is locally destructive with<br>little atypical cells. Histologically, tumor cells are broad rete<br>peg structures that tend to invade deeper than CONDYLOMATA<br>ACUMINATA.",""],["Adenomyosis",1061,0.0,"D062788","C12.050.351.500.852.113",0,"Description: The extension of endometrial tissue (ENDOMETRIUM)<br>into the MYOMETRIUM. It usually occurs in women in their<br>reproductive years and may result in a diffusely enlarged uterus<br>with ectopic and benign endometrial glands and stroma.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant",5826,0.0,"D064129","C12.100.500.260.750.500",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in<br>the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such<br>as TESTOSTERONE.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant",5826,0.0,"D064129","C12.100.500.565.625.500",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in<br>the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such<br>as TESTOSTERONE.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant",5826,0.0,"D064129","C12.200.294.260.750.500",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in<br>the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such<br>as TESTOSTERONE.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant",5826,0.0,"D064129","C12.200.294.565.625.500",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in<br>the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such<br>as TESTOSTERONE.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant",5826,0.0,"D064129","C12.200.758.409.750.500",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in<br>the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such<br>as TESTOSTERONE.",""],["Pregnancy, Interstitial",178,0.0,"D065167","C12.050.703.733.703.500",0,"Description: A type of ectopic pregnancy in which the<br>extrauterine EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs in the portion of the<br>FALLOPIAN TUBE that traverses the muscular wall of the uterus.",""],["Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome",832,0.0,"D065766","C12.950.419.936.463.500",0,"Description: An hereditary hemolytic uremic syndrome associated<br>with variations in the gene that encodes COMPLEMENT FACTOR H, or<br>the related proteins CFHR1 and CFHR3. Disease often progresses to<br>CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE without the prodromal symptoms of<br>ENTEROCOLITIS and DIARRHEA that characterize typical hemolytic<br>uremic syndrome.",""],["Abortion, Habitual",7730,0.0,"D000026","C12.050.703.039.089",1,"Description: Three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.",""],["Abortion, Incomplete",463,0.0,"D000027","C12.050.703.039.093",0,"Description: Premature loss of PREGNANCY in which not all the<br>products of CONCEPTION have been expelled.",""],["Abortion, Missed",719,0.0,"D000030","C12.050.703.039.173",0,"Description: The retention in the UTERUS of a dead FETUS two<br>months or more after its DEATH.",""],["Abortion, Septic",897,0.0,"D000031","C12.050.703.039.256",0,"Description: Any type of abortion, induced or spontaneous, that<br>is associated with infection of the UTERUS and its appendages. It<br>is characterized by FEVER, uterine tenderness, and foul<br>discharge.",""],["Abortion, Septic",897,0.0,"D000031","C12.050.703.700.173",0,"Description: Any type of abortion, induced or spontaneous, that<br>is associated with infection of the UTERUS and its appendages. It<br>is characterized by FEVER, uterine tenderness, and foul<br>discharge.",""],["Abortion, Veterinary",3058,0.0,"D000034","C12.050.703.039.422",0,"Description: Premature expulsion of the FETUS in animals.",""],["Abruptio Placentae",1589,0.0,"D000037","C12.050.703.420.078",0,"Description: Premature separation of the normally implanted<br>PLACENTA from the UTERUS. Signs of varying degree of severity<br>include UTERINE BLEEDING, uterine MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, and FETAL<br>DISTRESS or FETAL DEATH.",""],["Abruptio Placentae",1589,0.0,"D000037","C12.050.703.590.132",0,"Description: Premature separation of the normally implanted<br>PLACENTA from the UTERUS. Signs of varying degree of severity<br>include UTERINE BLEEDING, uterine MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, and FETAL<br>DISTRESS or FETAL DEATH.",""],["Fused Kidney",184,0.0,"D000069337","C12.050.351.875.420",0,"Description: Congenital fusion of two kidneys.",""],["Kidney Diseases",610236,1.5,"D007674","C12.050.351.968.419",85,"Description: Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its<br>component tissues.",""],["Urolithiasis",65172,0.2,"D052878","C12.050.351.968.967",10,"Description: Formation of stones in any part of the URINARY<br>TRACT, usually in the KIDNEY; URINARY BLADDER; or the URETER.",""],["Nephrolithiasis",19788,0.0,"D053040","C12.200.777.419.600",2,"Description: Formation of stones in the KIDNEY.",""],["Nephrolithiasis",19788,0.0,"D053040","C12.200.777.967.249",2,"Description: Formation of stones in the KIDNEY.",""],["Urinary Calculi",35932,0.1,"D014545","C12.200.777.967.500",4,"Description: Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the<br>URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM<br>OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or<br>URIC ACID.",""],["Kidney Calculi",17862,0.0,"D007669","C12.950.419.600.500",1,"Description: Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-<br>collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary<br>and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.",""],["Kidney Calculi",17862,0.0,"D007669","C12.950.967.249.500",1,"Description: Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-<br>collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary<br>and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.",""],["Kidney Calculi",17862,0.0,"D007669","C12.950.967.500.503",1,"Description: Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-<br>collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary<br>and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.",""],["HIV Infections",304062,0.7,"D015658","C12.100.937.640.400",10,"Description: Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency<br>virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity,<br>thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency<br>syndrome (AIDS).",""],["Teratozoospermia",142,0.0,"D000072660","C12.100.500.430.877",0,"Description: Conditions in which sperm show abnormal morphology.",""],["Teratozoospermia",142,0.0,"D000072660","C12.100.750.700.877",0,"Description: Conditions in which sperm show abnormal morphology.",""],["Teratozoospermia",142,0.0,"D000072660","C12.200.294.430.877",0,"Description: Conditions in which sperm show abnormal morphology.",""],["Solitary Kidney",183,0.0,"D000075529","C12.050.351.875.846",0,"Description: Either a single or a single functioning kidney due<br>to NEPHRECTOMY, birth defects or other kidney diseases.",""],["Adnexal Diseases",147153,0.4,"D000291","C12.050.351.500.056",27,"Description: Diseases of the uterine appendages (ADNEXA UTERI)<br>including diseases involving the OVARY, the FALLOPIAN TUBES, and<br>ligaments of the uterus (BROAD LIGAMENT; ROUND LIGAMENT).",""],["Genital Neoplasms, Female",265565,0.7,"D005833","C12.050.351.937.418",19,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the female reproductive tract<br>(GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Ovarian Diseases",128982,0.3,"D010049","C12.100.250.056.630",18,"Description: Pathological processes of the OVARY.",""],["Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial",2303,0.0,"D000077216","C12.900.418.685.350",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the<br>surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of<br>ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary<br>serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional<br>cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1,<br>RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Urinary Bladder Diseases",106880,0.3,"D001745","C12.050.351.968.829",14,"Description: Pathological processes of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Underactive",147,0.0,"D000077295","C12.200.777.829.893",0,"Description: Symptom of underactive detrusor muscle of the<br>URINARY BLADDER that contracts with abnormally reduced strength<br>or duration resulting in an incomplete and/or prolonged bladder<br>emptying.",""],["Dystocia",3567,0.0,"D004420","C12.050.703.420.288",2,"Description: Slow or difficult OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH.",""],["Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors",11623,0.0,"D015499","C12.200.777.419.815",14,"Description: Genetic defects in the selective or non-selective<br>transport functions of the KIDNEY TUBULES.",""],["Acidosis, Renal Tubular",2382,0.0,"D000141","C12.950.419.815.093",0,"Description: A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES<br>characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids<br>with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS.<br>Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low<br>renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications<br>such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and<br>NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS.",""],["Pelvic Inflammatory Disease",9016,0.0,"D000292","C12.100.250.056.750",4,"Description: A spectrum of inflammation involving the female<br>upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It is usually<br>caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the<br>endocervix. Infection may be confined to the uterus<br>(ENDOMETRITIS), the FALLOPIAN TUBES; (SALPINGITIS); the ovaries<br>(OOPHORITIS), the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS), or may<br>involve several of the above uterine appendages. Such<br>inflammation can lead to functional impairment and infertility.",""],["Disorders of Sex Development",44266,0.1,"D012734","C12.050.351.875.253",28,"Description: In gonochoristic organisms, congenital conditions in<br>which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is<br>atypical. Effects from exposure to abnormal levels of GONADAL<br>HORMONES in the maternal environment, or disruption of the<br>function of those hormones by ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS are included.",""],["Adrenogenital Syndrome",9165,0.0,"D047808","C12.200.706.316.090",2,"Description: Abnormal SEX DIFFERENTIATION or congenital DISORDERS<br>OF SEX DEVELOPMENT caused by abnormal levels of steroid hormones<br>expressed by the GONADS or the ADRENAL GLANDS, such as in<br>CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA and ADRENAL CORTEX NEOPLASMS. Due<br>to abnormal steroid biosynthesis, clinical features include<br>VIRILISM in females; FEMINIZATION in males; or precocious sexual<br>development in children.",""],["Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital",6855,0.0,"D000312","C12.800.316.090.500",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL<br>GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol<br>(HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of<br>precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance,<br>congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting,<br>hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID<br>21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-<br>HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase<br>(3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-<br>REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among<br>others, underlie these disorders.",""],["Urination Disorders",81637,0.2,"D014555","C12.050.351.968.934",16,"Description: Abnormalities in the process of URINE voiding,<br>including bladder control, frequency of URINATION, as well as the<br>volume and composition of URINE.",""],["Proteinuria",20461,0.1,"D011507","C12.200.777.934.734",2,"Description: The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator<br>of KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Albuminuria",8814,0.0,"D000419","C12.950.934.734.269",0,"Description: The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator<br>of KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Renal Aminoacidurias",1873,0.0,"D000608","C12.950.419.815.885",2,"Description: A group of inherited kidney disorders characterized<br>by the abnormally elevated levels of AMINO ACIDS in URINE.<br>Genetic mutations of transport proteins result in the defective<br>reabsorption of free amino acids at the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES.<br>Renal aminoaciduria are classified by the specific amino acid or<br>acids involved.",""],["Anuria",2668,0.0,"D001002","C12.200.777.419.078",0,"Description: Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated<br>with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete<br>lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral<br>obstruction when a solitary kidney is present.",""],["Anuria",2668,0.0,"D001002","C12.200.777.934.141",0,"Description: Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated<br>with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete<br>lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral<br>obstruction when a solitary kidney is present.",""],["Urinary Tract Infections",39739,0.1,"D014552","C12.050.351.968.892",3,"Description: Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the<br>URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial<br>infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.",""],["Bacteriuria",4889,0.0,"D001437","C12.200.777.892.219",0,"Description: The presence of bacteria in the urine which is<br>normally bacteria-free. These bacteria are from the URINARY TRACT<br>and are not contaminants of the surrounding tissues. Bacteriuria<br>can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Significant bacteriuria is an<br>indicator of urinary tract infection.",""],["Balanitis",821,0.0,"D001446","C12.100.500.494.136",1,"Description: Inflammation of the head of the PENIS, glans penis.",""],["Balanitis",821,0.0,"D001446","C12.200.294.494.136",1,"Description: Inflammation of the head of the PENIS, glans penis.",""],["Nephritis",81830,0.2,"D009393","C12.200.777.419.570",16,"Description: Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.",""],["Nephritis, Interstitial",15855,0.0,"D009395","C12.950.419.570.643",3,"Description: Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the<br>kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of<br>KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary<br>inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS.<br>Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial<br>compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the<br>tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.",""],["Bartter Syndrome",1394,0.0,"D001477","C12.950.419.815.279",0,"Description: A group of disorders caused by defective salt<br>reabsorption in the ascending LOOP OF HENLE. It is characterized<br>by severe salt-wasting, HYPOKALEMIA; HYPERCALCIURIA; metabolic<br>ALKALOSIS, and hyper-reninemic HYPERALDOSTERONISM without<br>HYPERTENSION. There are several subtypes including ones due to<br>mutations in the renal specific SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE<br>SYMPORTERS.",""],["Urinary Bladder Calculi",1974,0.0,"D001744","C12.200.777.829.720",0,"Description: Stones in the URINARY BLADDER; also known as vesical<br>calculi, bladder stones, or cystoliths.",""],["Urinary Bladder Calculi",1974,0.0,"D001744","C12.950.967.500.925",0,"Description: Stones in the URINARY BLADDER; also known as vesical<br>calculi, bladder stones, or cystoliths.",""],["Bladder Exstrophy",2033,0.0,"D001746","C12.050.351.875.132",0,"Description: A birth defect in which the URINARY BLADDER is<br>malformed and exposed, inside out, and protruded through the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL. It is caused by closure defects involving the top<br>front surface of the bladder, as well as the lower abdominal<br>wall; SKIN; MUSCLES; and the pubic bone.",""],["Bladder Exstrophy",2033,0.0,"D001746","C12.200.777.829.132",0,"Description: A birth defect in which the URINARY BLADDER is<br>malformed and exposed, inside out, and protruded through the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL. It is caused by closure defects involving the top<br>front surface of the bladder, as well as the lower abdominal<br>wall; SKIN; MUSCLES; and the pubic bone.",""],["Urinary Fistula",7099,0.0,"D014548","C12.050.351.875.881",2,"Description: An abnormal passage in any part of the URINARY TRACT<br>between itself or with other organs.",""],["Urinary Bladder Fistula",1720,0.0,"D001747","C12.200.706.881.312",0,"Description: An abnormal passage in the URINARY BLADDER or<br>between the bladder and any surrounding organ.",""],["Urinary Bladder Fistula",1720,0.0,"D001747","C12.200.777.829.733",0,"Description: An abnormal passage in the URINARY BLADDER or<br>between the bladder and any surrounding organ.",""],["Urethral Diseases",21256,0.1,"D014522","C12.050.351.968.767",6,"Description: Pathological processes involving the URETHRA.",""],["Urethral Obstruction",10023,0.0,"D014524","C12.200.777.767.700",2,"Description: Partial or complete blockage in any part of the<br>URETHRA that can lead to difficulty or inability to empty the<br>URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by an enlarged, often<br>damaged, bladder with frequent urges to void.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction",3620,0.0,"D001748","C12.200.777.829.760",0,"Description: Blocked urine flow through the bladder neck, the<br>narrow internal urethral opening at the base of the URINARY<br>BLADDER. Narrowing or strictures of the URETHRA can be congenital<br>or acquired. It is often observed in males with enlarged PROSTATE<br>glands.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction",3620,0.0,"D001748","C12.950.767.700.850",0,"Description: Blocked urine flow through the bladder neck, the<br>narrow internal urethral opening at the base of the URINARY<br>BLADDER. Narrowing or strictures of the URETHRA can be congenital<br>or acquired. It is often observed in males with enlarged PROSTATE<br>glands.",""],["Urologic Neoplasms",190784,0.5,"D014571","C12.050.351.937.820",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY TRACT in either the<br>male or the female.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neoplasms",58489,0.1,"D001749","C12.200.758.820.968",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neoplasms",58489,0.1,"D001749","C12.200.777.829.813",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic",6160,0.0,"D001750","C12.200.777.829.839",0,"Description: Dysfunction of the URINARY BLADDER due to disease of<br>the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the<br>control of URINATION. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL<br>NERVE DISEASES.",""],["Breech Presentation",2473,0.0,"D001946","C12.050.703.420.183",0,"Description: A malpresentation of the FETUS at near term or<br>during OBSTETRIC LABOR with the fetal cephalic pole in the fundus<br>of the UTERUS. There are three types of breech: the complete<br>breech with flexed hips and knees; the incomplete breech with one<br>or both hips partially or fully extended; the frank breech with<br>flexed hips and extended knees.",""],["Brenner Tumor",583,0.0,"D001948","C12.900.418.685.265",0,"Description: A smooth, solid or cystic fibroepithelial<br>(FIBROEPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS) tumor, usually found in the OVARIES<br>but can also be found in the adnexal region and the KIDNEYS. It<br>consists of a fibrous stroma with nests of epithelial cells that<br>sometimes resemble the transitional cells lining the urinary<br>bladder. Brenner tumors generally are benign and asymptomatic.<br>Malignant Brenner tumors have been reported.",""],["Vaginal Diseases",27870,0.1,"D014623","C12.050.351.500.894",15,"Description: Pathological processes of the VAGINA.",""],["Vulvar Diseases",18437,0.0,"D014845","C12.050.351.500.944",8,"Description: Pathological processes of the VULVA.",""],["Vaginitis",13055,0.0,"D014627","C12.100.250.894.906",5,"Description: Inflammation of the vagina characterized by pain and<br>a purulent discharge.",""],["Vulvitis",5135,0.0,"D014847","C12.100.250.944.902",3,"Description: Inflammation of the VULVA. It is characterized by<br>PRURITUS and painful urination.",""],["Kidney Neoplasms",119344,0.3,"D007680","C12.200.758.820.750",5,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.",""],["Kidney Neoplasms",119344,0.3,"D007680","C12.200.777.419.473",5,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.",""],["Carcinoma, Renal Cell",39256,0.1,"D002292","C12.900.820.535.160",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary<br>carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several<br>subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the<br>chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells<br>(sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.",""],["Carcinoma, Renal Cell",39256,0.1,"D002292","C12.950.419.473.160",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary<br>carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several<br>subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the<br>chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells<br>(sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.",""],["Carcinoma, Renal Cell",39256,0.1,"D002292","C12.950.983.535.160",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary<br>carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several<br>subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the<br>chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells<br>(sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.",""],["Uterine Diseases",262585,0.6,"D014591","C12.050.351.500.852",26,"Description: Pathological processes involving any part of the<br>UTERUS.",""],["Uterine Cervical Diseases",87777,0.2,"D002577","C12.100.250.852.593",7,"Description: Pathological processes of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Uterine Neoplasms",138682,0.3,"D014594","C12.100.250.852.762",4,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.",""],["Uterine Cervical Neoplasms",77952,0.2,"D002583","C12.900.418.875.850",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.",""],["Chancroid",682,0.0,"D002602","C12.100.937.281.201",0,"Description: Acute, localized autoinoculable infectious disease<br>usually acquired through sexual contact. Caused by HAEMOPHILUS<br>DUCREYI, it occurs endemically almost worldwide, especially in<br>tropical and subtropical countries and more commonly in seaports<br>and urban areas than in rural areas.",""],["Lactation Disorders",3041,0.0,"D007775","C12.050.703.844.506",2,"Description: Disturbances of MILK secretion in either SEX, not<br>necessarily related to PREGNANCY.",""],["Chlamydia Infections",16297,0.0,"D002690","C12.100.937.281.301",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.",""],["Trophoblastic Neoplasms",13268,0.0,"D014328","C12.050.703.720.949",6,"Description: Trophoblastic growth, which may be gestational or<br>nongestational in origin. Trophoblastic neoplasia resulting from<br>pregnancy is often described as gestational trophoblastic disease<br>to distinguish it from germ cell tumors which frequently show<br>trophoblastic elements, and from the trophoblastic<br>differentiation which sometimes occurs in a wide variety of<br>epithelial cancers. Gestational trophoblastic growth has several<br>forms, including HYDATIDIFORM MOLE and CHORIOCARCINOMA. (From<br>Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1691)",""],["Chorioamnionitis",2266,0.0,"D002821","C12.050.703.277.030",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the placental membranes (CHORION;<br>AMNION) and connected tissues such as fetal BLOOD VESSELS and<br>UMBILICAL CORD. It is often associated with intrauterine<br>ascending infections during PREGNANCY.",""],["Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture",6086,0.0,"D005322","C12.050.703.420.339",1,"Description: Spontaneous tearing of the membranes surrounding the<br>FETUS any time before the onset of OBSTETRIC LABOR. Preterm PROM<br>is membrane rupture before 37 weeks of GESTATION.",""],["Chorioamnionitis",2266,0.0,"D002821","C12.050.703.590.268",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the placental membranes (CHORION;<br>AMNION) and connected tissues such as fetal BLOOD VESSELS and<br>UMBILICAL CORD. It is often associated with intrauterine<br>ascending infections during PREGNANCY.",""],["Condylomata Acuminata",4532,0.0,"D003218","C12.100.937.640.220",1,"Description: Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth<br>caused by the human papillomaviruses.",""],["Cryptorchidism",7115,0.0,"D003456","C12.100.500.829.258",0,"Description: A developmental defect in which a TESTIS or both<br>TESTES failed to descend from high in the ABDOMEN to the bottom<br>of the SCROTUM. Testicular descent is essential to normal<br>SPERMATOGENESIS which requires temperature lower than the BODY<br>TEMPERATURE. Cryptorchidism can be subclassified by the location<br>of the maldescended testis.",""],["Cryptorchidism",7115,0.0,"D003456","C12.200.294.829.258",0,"Description: A developmental defect in which a TESTIS or both<br>TESTES failed to descend from high in the ABDOMEN to the bottom<br>of the SCROTUM. Testicular descent is essential to normal<br>SPERMATOGENESIS which requires temperature lower than the BODY<br>TEMPERATURE. Cryptorchidism can be subclassified by the location<br>of the maldescended testis.",""],["Cystitis",8866,0.0,"D003556","C12.200.777.829.495",2,"Description: Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from<br>bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated<br>with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency,<br>and suprapubic pain.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus",7378,0.0,"D003919","C12.200.777.419.135",3,"Description: A disease that is characterized by frequent<br>urination, excretion of large amounts of dilute URINE, and<br>excessive THIRST. Etiologies of diabetes insipidus include<br>deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (also known as ADH or<br>VASOPRESSIN) secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS, impaired KIDNEY<br>response to ADH, and impaired hypothalamic regulation of thirst.",""],["Diabetic Nephropathies",22982,0.1,"D003928","C12.200.777.419.192",0,"Description: KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus<br>and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and<br>the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA,<br>from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than<br>300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and<br>END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.",""],["Dyspareunia",1255,0.0,"D004414","C12.050.351.500.110",0,"Description: Recurrent genital pain occurring during, before, or<br>after SEXUAL INTERCOURSE in either the male or the female.",""],["Eclampsia",3699,0.0,"D004461","C12.050.703.395.124",0,"Description: Onset of HYPERREFLEXIA; SEIZURES; or COMA in a<br>previously diagnosed pre-eclamptic patient (PRE-ECLAMPSIA).",""],["Embolism, Amniotic Fluid",1103,0.0,"D004619","C12.050.703.634.404",0,"Description: Blocking of maternal circulation by AMNIOTIC FLUID<br>that is forced into uterine VEINS by strong UTERINE CONTRACTION<br>near the end of pregnancy. It is characterized by the sudden<br>onset of severe respiratory distress and HYPOTENSION that can<br>lead to maternal DEATH.",""],["Endometrial Hyperplasia",2644,0.0,"D004714","C12.100.250.852.228",0,"Description: Benign proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM in the<br>UTERUS. Endometrial hyperplasia is classified by its cytology and<br>glandular tissue. There are simple, complex (adenomatous without<br>atypia), and atypical hyperplasia representing also the ascending<br>risk of becoming malignant.",""],["Endometriosis",23659,0.1,"D004715","C12.050.351.500.163",0,"Description: A condition in which functional endometrial tissue<br>is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS<br>involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the<br>uterovesical peritoneum.",""],["Endometritis",3045,0.0,"D004716","C12.100.250.852.299",0,"Description: Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by<br>intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of<br>postpartum fever.",""],["Enuresis",5187,0.0,"D004775","C12.200.777.934.284",2,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE after expected age of<br>completed development of urinary control. This can happen during<br>the daytime (DIURNAL ENURESIS) while one is awake or during sleep<br>(NOCTURNAL ENURESIS). Enuresis can be in children or in adults<br>(as persistent primary enuresis and secondary adult-onset<br>enuresis).",""],["Epispadias",697,0.0,"D004842","C12.050.351.875.374",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is above its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the top or the<br>side of the PENIS, but the urethra can also be open the entire<br>length of the penis. In the female, the malformed urethral<br>opening is often between the CLITORIS and the labia, or in the<br>ABDOMEN.",""],["Epispadias",697,0.0,"D004842","C12.200.777.767.374",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is above its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the top or the<br>side of the PENIS, but the urethra can also be open the entire<br>length of the penis. In the female, the malformed urethral<br>opening is often between the CLITORIS and the labia, or in the<br>ABDOMEN.",""],["Erythroblastosis, Fetal",9063,0.0,"D004899","C12.050.703.277.060",1,"Description: A condition characterized by the abnormal presence<br>of ERYTHROBLASTS in the circulation of the FETUS or NEWBORNS. It<br>is a disorder due to BLOOD GROUP INCOMPATIBILITY, such as the<br>maternal alloimmunization by fetal antigen RH FACTORS leading to<br>HEMOLYSIS of ERYTHROCYTES, hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC),<br>general edema (HYDROPS FETALIS), and SEVERE JAUNDICE IN NEWBORN.",""],["Fallopian Tube Diseases",7116,0.0,"D005184","C12.100.250.056.390",2,"Description: Diseases involving the FALLOPIAN TUBES including<br>neoplasms (FALLOPIAN TUBE NEOPLASMS); SALPINGITIS; tubo-ovarian<br>abscess; and blockage.",""],["Fanconi Syndrome",1399,0.0,"D005198","C12.950.419.815.450",0,"Description: A hereditary or acquired form of generalized<br>dysfunction of the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE without primary<br>involvement of the KIDNEY GLOMERULUS. It is usually characterized<br>by the tubular wasting of nutrients and salts (GLUCOSE; AMINO<br>ACIDS; PHOSPHATES; and BICARBONATES) resulting in HYPOKALEMIA;<br>ACIDOSIS; HYPERCALCIURIA; and PROTEINURIA.",""],["Fetal Hypoxia",2196,0.0,"D005311","C12.050.703.277.390",0,"Description: Deficient oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD.",""],["Fetal Growth Retardation",12141,0.0,"D005317","C12.050.703.277.370",0,"Description: Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.",""],["Fetal Macrosomia",1872,0.0,"D005320","C12.050.703.170.500",0,"Description: A condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-<br>for-gestational-age FETUS. It is defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater<br>than 4,000 grams or above the 90th percentile for population and<br>sex-specific growth curves. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL<br>DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by<br>pre-existing diabetes mellitus.",""],["Fetal Macrosomia",1872,0.0,"D005320","C12.050.703.277.570",0,"Description: A condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-<br>for-gestational-age FETUS. It is defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater<br>than 4,000 grams or above the 90th percentile for population and<br>sex-specific growth curves. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL<br>DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by<br>pre-existing diabetes mellitus.",""],["Fetal Macrosomia",1872,0.0,"D005320","C12.050.703.726.570",0,"Description: A condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-<br>for-gestational-age FETUS. It is defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater<br>than 4,000 grams or above the 90th percentile for population and<br>sex-specific growth curves. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL<br>DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by<br>pre-existing diabetes mellitus.",""],["Fetal Resorption",259,0.0,"D005327","C12.050.703.223.300",0,"Description: The disintegration and assimilation of the dead<br>FETUS in the UTERUS at any stage after the completion of<br>organogenesis which, in humans, is after the 9th week of<br>GESTATION. It does not include embryo resorption (see EMBRYO<br>LOSS).",""],["Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development",10530,0.0,"D058533","C12.200.706.316.795",4,"Description: Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development<br>associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including<br>MONOSOMY; TRISOMY; and MOSAICISM.",""],["Freemartinism",124,0.0,"D005611","C12.800.316.795.124",0,"Description: A condition occurring in the female offspring of<br>dizygotic twins (TWIN, DIZYGOTIC) in a mixed-sex pregnancy,<br>usually in CATTLE. Freemartinism can occur in other mammals. When<br>placental fusion between the male and the female FETUSES permits<br>the exchange of fetal cells and fetal hormones, TESTICULAR<br>HORMONES from the male fetus can androgenize the female fetus<br>producing a sterile XX/XY chimeric \"female\"(CHIMERISM).",""],["Glomerulonephritis",46662,0.1,"D005921","C12.950.419.570.363",6,"Description: Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY<br>GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular<br>injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation,<br>cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural<br>and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA;<br>PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Glycosuria",2137,0.0,"D006029","C12.200.777.934.363",1,"Description: The appearance of an abnormally large amount of<br>GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It<br>can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal<br>reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA).",""],["Glycosuria, Renal",348,0.0,"D006030","C12.950.419.815.532",0,"Description: An autosomal inherited disorder due to defective<br>reabsorption of GLUCOSE by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The<br>urinary loss of glucose can reach beyond 50 g/day. It is<br>attributed to the mutations in the SODIUM-GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 2<br>encoded by the SLC5A2 gene.",""],["Glycosuria, Renal",348,0.0,"D006030","C12.950.934.363.450",0,"Description: An autosomal inherited disorder due to defective<br>reabsorption of GLUCOSE by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The<br>urinary loss of glucose can reach beyond 50 g/day. It is<br>attributed to the mutations in the SODIUM-GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 2<br>encoded by the SLC5A2 gene.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis",9832,0.0,"D006059","C12.200.706.316.309",6,"Description: A number of syndromes with defective gonadal<br>developments such as streak GONADS and dysgenetic testes or<br>ovaries. The spectrum of gonadal and sexual abnormalities is<br>reflected in their varied sex chromosome (SEX CHROMOSOMES)<br>constitution as shown by the karyotypes of 45,X monosomy (TURNER<br>SYNDROME); 46,XX (GONADAL DYSGENESIS, 46XX); 46,XY (GONADAL<br>DYSGENESIS, 46,XY); and sex chromosome MOSAICISM; (GONADAL<br>DYSGENESIS, MIXED). Their phenotypes range from female, through<br>ambiguous, to male. This concept includes gonadal agenesis.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C12.800.316.309.391",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C12.800.316.795.249",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY",4074,0.0,"D058490","C12.200.706.316.096",7,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals with a male<br>karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical<br>sex is atypical.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY",1067,0.0,"D006061","C12.800.316.096.687",1,"Description: Defects in the SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS in 46, XY<br>individuals that result in abnormal gonadal development and<br>deficiencies in TESTOSTERONE and subsequently ANTIMULLERIAN<br>HORMONE or other factors required for normal male sex<br>development. This leads to the development of female phenotypes<br>(male to female sex reversal), normal to tall stature, and<br>bilateral streak or dysgenic gonads which are susceptible to<br>GONADAL TISSUE NEOPLASMS. An XY gonadal dysgenesis is associated<br>with structural abnormalities on the Y CHROMOSOME, a mutation in<br>the GENE, SRY, or a mutation in other autosomal genes that are<br>involved in sex determination.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY",1067,0.0,"D006061","C12.800.316.309.388",1,"Description: Defects in the SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS in 46, XY<br>individuals that result in abnormal gonadal development and<br>deficiencies in TESTOSTERONE and subsequently ANTIMULLERIAN<br>HORMONE or other factors required for normal male sex<br>development. This leads to the development of female phenotypes<br>(male to female sex reversal), normal to tall stature, and<br>bilateral streak or dysgenic gonads which are susceptible to<br>GONADAL TISSUE NEOPLASMS. An XY gonadal dysgenesis is associated<br>with structural abnormalities on the Y CHROMOSOME, a mutation in<br>the GENE, SRY, or a mutation in other autosomal genes that are<br>involved in sex determination.",""],["Gonorrhea",12243,0.0,"D006069","C12.100.937.281.401",0,"Description: Acute infectious disease characterized by primary<br>invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA<br>GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.",""],["Granuloma Inguinale",548,0.0,"D006100","C12.100.937.281.451",0,"Description: Anogenital ulcers caused by Calymmatobacterium<br>granulomatis as distinguished from lymphogranuloma inguinale (see<br>LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM) caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.<br>Diagnosis is made by demonstration of typical intracellular<br>Donovan bodies in crushed-tissue smears.",""],["Granulosa Cell Tumor",2192,0.0,"D006106","C12.900.418.685.398",0,"Description: A neoplasm composed entirely of GRANULOSA CELLS,<br>occurring mostly in the OVARY. In the adult form, it may contain<br>some THECA CELLS. This tumor often produces ESTRADIOL and<br>INHIBIN. The excess estrogen exposure can lead to other<br>malignancies in women and PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY in girls. In rare<br>cases, granulosa cell tumors have been identified in the TESTES.",""],["Gynatresia",292,0.0,"D006175","C12.050.351.500.320",0,"Description: Absence of a normal opening in the lumen of the<br>female genital tract, from the FALLOPIAN TUBES to the VAGINA.<br>This anomaly may be congenital or acquired due to injuries,<br>diseases, or TISSUE ADHESIONS.",""],["Hematocolpos",292,0.0,"D006399","C12.100.250.894.300",0,"Description: A blood-filled VAGINA that is obstructed.",""],["Hematometra",271,0.0,"D006409","C12.100.250.852.495",0,"Description: Blood-filled UTERUS.",""],["Hematuria",6320,0.0,"D006417","C12.200.777.934.442",0,"Description: Presence of blood in the urine.",""],["Hemoglobinuria",1155,0.0,"D006456","C12.950.934.734.634",0,"Description: The presence of free HEMOGLOBIN in the URINE,<br>indicating hemolysis of ERYTHROCYTES within the vascular system.<br>After saturating the hemoglobin-binding proteins (HAPTOGLOBINS),<br>free hemoglobin begins to appear in the urine.",""],["Uremia",19446,0.0,"D014511","C12.200.777.419.936",3,"Description: A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of<br>renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually<br>the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end<br>products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or<br>CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions<br>with a constellation of symptoms.",""],["Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome",5877,0.0,"D006463","C12.950.419.936.463",1,"Description: A syndrome that is associated with microvascular<br>diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is<br>characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC);<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.",""],["Postpartum Hemorrhage",6419,0.0,"D006473","C12.050.703.420.725",0,"Description: Excess blood loss from uterine bleeding associated<br>with OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH. It is defined as blood loss<br>greater than 500 ml or of the amount that adversely affects the<br>maternal physiology, such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEMATOCRIT.<br>Postpartum hemorrhage is divided into two categories, immediate<br>(within first 24 hours after birth) or delayed (after 24 hours<br>postpartum).",""],["Postpartum Hemorrhage",6419,0.0,"D006473","C12.050.703.844.700",0,"Description: Excess blood loss from uterine bleeding associated<br>with OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH. It is defined as blood loss<br>greater than 500 ml or of the amount that adversely affects the<br>maternal physiology, such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEMATOCRIT.<br>Postpartum hemorrhage is divided into two categories, immediate<br>(within first 24 hours after birth) or delayed (after 24 hours<br>postpartum).",""],["Hepatorenal Syndrome",1391,0.0,"D006530","C12.200.777.419.291",0,"Description: Functional KIDNEY FAILURE in patients with liver<br>disease, usually LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension<br>(HYPERTENSION, PORTAL), and in the absence of intrinsic renal<br>disease or kidney abnormality. It is characterized by intense<br>renal vasculature constriction, reduced renal blood flow,<br>OLIGURIA, and sodium retention.",""],["Herpes Genitalis",4314,0.0,"D006558","C12.050.351.500.342",0,"Description: Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES<br>SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.",""],["Herpes Genitalis",4314,0.0,"D006558","C12.100.937.640.350",0,"Description: Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES<br>SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.",""],["Hydronephrosis",7228,0.0,"D006869","C12.200.777.419.307",1,"Description: Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to<br>dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often<br>associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney<br>diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY<br>BLADDER.",""],["Hyperemesis Gravidarum",1583,0.0,"D006939","C12.050.703.407.500",0,"Description: Intractable VOMITING that develops in early<br>PREGNANCY and persists. This can lead to DEHYDRATION and WEIGHT<br>LOSS.",""],["Hyperoxaluria",1946,0.0,"D006959","C12.200.777.419.313",1,"Description: Excretion of an excessive amount of OXALATES in the<br>urine.",""],["Hyperoxaluria, Primary",1054,0.0,"D006960","C12.950.419.313.500",0,"Description: A genetic disorder characterized by excretion of<br>large amounts of OXALATES in urine; NEPHROLITHIASIS;<br>NEPHROCALCINOSIS; early onset of RENAL FAILURE; and often a<br>generalized deposit of CALCIUM OXALATE. There are subtypes<br>classified by the enzyme defects in glyoxylate metabolism.",""],["Hypertension, Renal",15626,0.0,"D006977","C12.200.777.419.331",1,"Description: Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY<br>DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal<br>vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.",""],["Hypertension, Renovascular",5526,0.0,"D006978","C12.950.419.331.490",0,"Description: Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or<br>compression.",""],["Hypophosphatemia, Familial",2053,0.0,"D007015","C12.950.419.815.647",1,"Description: An inherited condition of abnormally low serum<br>levels of PHOSPHATES (below 1 mg/liter) which can occur in a<br>number of genetic diseases with defective reabsorption of<br>inorganic phosphorus by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This leads to<br>phosphaturia, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, and disturbances of cellular and<br>organ functions such as those in X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; and FANCONI SYNDROME.",""],["Hypospadias",4681,0.0,"D007021","C12.050.351.875.466",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is below its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the ventral<br>surface of the PENIS or on the PERINEUM. In the female, the<br>malformed urethral opening is in the VAGINA.",""],["Hypospadias",4681,0.0,"D007021","C12.100.500.494.400",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is below its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the ventral<br>surface of the PENIS or on the PERINEUM. In the female, the<br>malformed urethral opening is in the VAGINA.",""],["Hypospadias",4681,0.0,"D007021","C12.200.294.494.400",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is below its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the ventral<br>surface of the PENIS or on the PERINEUM. In the female, the<br>malformed urethral opening is in the VAGINA.",""],["Infertility, Female",23217,0.1,"D007247","C12.050.351.500.498",0,"Description: Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve<br>conception.",""],["Kidney Cortex Necrosis",622,0.0,"D007673","C12.200.777.419.393",0,"Description: Death of cells in the KIDNEY CORTEX, a common final<br>result of various renal injuries including HYPOXIA; ISCHEMIA; and<br>drug toxicity.",""],["Renal Insufficiency",173111,0.4,"D051437","C12.200.777.419.780",6,"Description: Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the<br>normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE,<br>and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM<br>metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree<br>of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and<br>reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.",""],["Renal Insufficiency, Chronic",110952,0.3,"D051436","C12.950.419.780.750",2,"Description: Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the<br>normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney<br>insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the<br>decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney<br>damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe<br>form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE).<br>(Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative,<br>2002)",""],["Kidney Papillary Necrosis",779,0.0,"D007681","C12.200.777.419.493",0,"Description: A complication of kidney diseases characterized by<br>cell death involving KIDNEY PAPILLA in the KIDNEY MEDULLA.<br>Damages to this area may hinder the kidney to concentrate urine<br>resulting in POLYURIA. Sloughed off necrotic tissue may block<br>KIDNEY PELVIS or URETER. Necrosis of multiple renal papillae can<br>lead to KIDNEY FAILURE.",""],["Acute Kidney Injury",48684,0.1,"D058186","C12.950.419.780.050",1,"Description: Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney<br>injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including<br>acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other<br>less severe conditions.",""],["Kidney Diseases, Cystic",15376,0.0,"D052177","C12.200.777.419.403",5,"Description: A heterogeneous group of hereditary and acquired<br>disorders in which the KIDNEY contains one or more CYSTS<br>unilaterally or bilaterally (KIDNEY, CYSTIC).",""],["Polycystic Kidney Diseases",9499,0.0,"D007690","C12.950.419.403.875",2,"Description: Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the<br>progressive expansion of a large number of tightly packed CYSTS<br>within the KIDNEYS. They include diseases with autosomal dominant<br>and autosomal recessive inheritance.",""],["Medullary Sponge Kidney",494,0.0,"D007691","C12.950.419.403.500",0,"Description: A non-hereditary KIDNEY disorder characterized by<br>the abnormally dilated (ECTASIA) medullary and inner papillary<br>portions of the collecting ducts. These collecting ducts usually<br>contain CYSTS or DIVERTICULA filled with jelly-like material or<br>small calculi (KIDNEY STONES) leading to infections or<br>obstruction. It should be distinguished from congenital or<br>hereditary POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Klinefelter Syndrome",3270,0.0,"D007713","C12.800.316.795.500",0,"Description: A form of male HYPOGONADISM, characterized by the<br>presence of an extra X CHROMOSOME, small TESTES, seminiferous<br>tubule dysgenesis, elevated levels of GONADOTROPINS, low serum<br>TESTOSTERONE, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, and<br>male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE). Patients tend to have long<br>legs and a slim, tall stature. GYNECOMASTIA is present in many of<br>the patients. The classic form has the karyotype 47,XXY. Several<br>karyotype variants include 48,XXYY; 48,XXXY; 49,XXXXY, and mosaic<br>patterns ( 46,XY/47,XXY; 47,XXY/48,XXXY, etc.).",""],["Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus",636,0.0,"D007724","C12.100.250.944.815",0,"Description: Atrophy and shriveling of the SKIN of the VULVA that<br>is characterized by the whitish LICHEN SCLEROSUS appearance,<br>inflammation, and PRURITUS.",""],["Obstetric Labor, Premature",22325,0.1,"D007752","C12.050.703.420.491",1,"Description: Onset of OBSTETRIC LABOR before term (TERM BIRTH)<br>but usually after the FETUS has become viable. In humans, it<br>occurs sometime during the 29th through 38th week of PREGNANCY.<br>TOCOLYSIS inhibits premature labor and can prevent the BIRTH of<br>premature infants (INFANT, PREMATURE).",""],["Vaginal Discharge",1278,0.0,"D019522","C12.100.250.894.700",1,"Description: A common gynecologic disorder characterized by an<br>abnormal, nonbloody discharge from the genital tract.",""],["Testicular Neoplasms",26879,0.1,"D013736","C12.100.500.260.937",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors<br>(GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular<br>neoplasms.",""],["Testicular Neoplasms",26879,0.1,"D013736","C12.200.294.260.937",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors<br>(GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular<br>neoplasms.",""],["Testicular Neoplasms",26879,0.1,"D013736","C12.200.758.409.937",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors<br>(GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular<br>neoplasms.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",3041,0.0,"D018310","C12.900.619.937.500",2,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Mastitis",4373,0.0,"D008413","C12.050.703.844.603",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND.",""],["Meconium Aspiration Syndrome",893,0.0,"D008471","C12.050.703.277.785",0,"Description: A condition caused by inhalation of MECONIUM into<br>the LUNG of FETUS or NEWBORN, usually due to vigorous respiratory<br>movements during difficult PARTURITION or respiratory system<br>abnormalities. Meconium aspirate may block small airways leading<br>to difficulties in PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE and ASPIRATION<br>PNEUMONIA.",""],["Meigs Syndrome",563,0.0,"D008539","C12.900.418.685.531",0,"Description: The triad of benign FIBROMA or other ovarian tumors<br>with ASCITES, and HYDROTHORAX due to large PLEURAL EFFUSIONS.",""],["Uterine Hemorrhage",11477,0.0,"D014592","C12.100.250.852.691",2,"Description: Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes<br>manifested as vaginal bleeding.",""],["Nephritis, Hereditary",1911,0.0,"D009394","C12.050.351.875.742",0,"Description: A group of inherited conditions characterized<br>initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome<br>(hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by<br>mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Nephritis, Hereditary",1911,0.0,"D009394","C12.950.419.570.620",0,"Description: A group of inherited conditions characterized<br>initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome<br>(hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by<br>mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.0,"D009396","C12.900.820.535.585",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.0,"D009396","C12.950.419.473.585",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.0,"D009396","C12.950.983.535.585",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Nephrocalcinosis",1622,0.0,"D009397","C12.200.777.419.590",0,"Description: A condition characterized by calcification of the<br>renal tissue itself. It is usually seen in distal RENAL TUBULAR<br>ACIDOSIS with calcium deposition in the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULES and<br>the surrounding interstitium. Nephrocalcinosis causes RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Nephrosclerosis",1152,0.0,"D009400","C12.200.777.419.610",0,"Description: Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by<br>fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by<br>renovascular diseases or chronic HYPERTENSION. Nephrosclerosis<br>leads to renal ISCHEMIA.",""],["Nephrosis",19092,0.0,"D009401","C12.200.777.419.630",2,"Description: Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without<br>inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary<br>disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is<br>characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence<br>of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA.",""],["Nephrosis, Lipoid",2174,0.0,"D009402","C12.950.419.630.477",0,"Description: A kidney disease with no or minimal histological<br>glomerular changes on light microscopy and with no immune<br>deposits. It is characterized by lipid accumulation in the<br>epithelial cells of KIDNEY TUBULES and in the URINE. Patients<br>usually show NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of<br>PROTEINURIA with accompanying EDEMA.",""],["Nephrotic Syndrome",14066,0.0,"D009404","C12.950.419.630.643",0,"Description: A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA,<br>greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss<br>of protein in the urine results in complications such as<br>HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and<br>HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome<br>generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C12.950.419.815.720",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Oligospermia",3637,0.0,"D009845","C12.100.500.430.508",0,"Description: A condition of suboptimal concentration of<br>SPERMATOZOA in the ejaculated SEMEN to ensure successful<br>FERTILIZATION of an OVUM. In humans, oligospermia is defined as a<br>sperm count below 20 million per milliliter semen.",""],["Oligospermia",3637,0.0,"D009845","C12.100.750.700.508",0,"Description: A condition of suboptimal concentration of<br>SPERMATOZOA in the ejaculated SEMEN to ensure successful<br>FERTILIZATION of an OVUM. In humans, oligospermia is defined as a<br>sperm count below 20 million per milliliter semen.",""],["Oligospermia",3637,0.0,"D009845","C12.200.294.430.508",0,"Description: A condition of suboptimal concentration of<br>SPERMATOZOA in the ejaculated SEMEN to ensure successful<br>FERTILIZATION of an OVUM. In humans, oligospermia is defined as a<br>sperm count below 20 million per milliliter semen.",""],["Oliguria",654,0.0,"D009846","C12.200.777.934.600",0,"Description: Decreased URINE output that is below the normal<br>range. Oliguria can be defined as urine output of less than or<br>equal to 0.5 or 1 ml/kg/hr depending on the age.",""],["Orchitis",1651,0.0,"D009920","C12.100.500.829.493",0,"Description: Inflammation of a TESTIS. It has many features of<br>EPIDIDYMITIS, such as swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER.<br>It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which<br>likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS and then the TESTIS through<br>either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.",""],["Orchitis",1651,0.0,"D009920","C12.200.294.829.493",0,"Description: Inflammation of a TESTIS. It has many features of<br>EPIDIDYMITIS, such as swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER.<br>It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which<br>likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS and then the TESTIS through<br>either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.",""],["Phimosis",785,0.0,"D010688","C12.100.500.494.684",1,"Description: A condition in which the FORESKIN cannot be<br>retracted to reveal the GLANS PENIS. It is due to tightness or<br>narrowing of the foreskin opening.",""],["Phimosis",785,0.0,"D010688","C12.200.294.494.684",1,"Description: A condition in which the FORESKIN cannot be<br>retracted to reveal the GLANS PENIS. It is due to tightness or<br>narrowing of the foreskin opening.",""],["Penile Induration",2214,0.0,"D010411","C12.100.500.494.508",0,"Description: A condition characterized by hardening of the PENIS<br>due to the formation of fibrous plaques on the dorsolateral<br>aspect of the PENIS, usually involving the membrane (tunica<br>albuginea) surrounding the erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum<br>penis). This may eventually cause a painful deformity of the<br>shaft or constriction of the urethra, or both.",""],["Penile Induration",2214,0.0,"D010411","C12.200.294.494.508",0,"Description: A condition characterized by hardening of the PENIS<br>due to the formation of fibrous plaques on the dorsolateral<br>aspect of the PENIS, usually involving the membrane (tunica<br>albuginea) surrounding the erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum<br>penis). This may eventually cause a painful deformity of the<br>shaft or constriction of the urethra, or both.",""],["Penile Neoplasms",5697,0.0,"D010412","C12.100.500.260.500",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component<br>tissues.",""],["Penile Neoplasms",5697,0.0,"D010412","C12.100.500.494.591",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component<br>tissues.",""],["Penile Neoplasms",5697,0.0,"D010412","C12.200.294.260.500",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component<br>tissues.",""],["Penile Neoplasms",5697,0.0,"D010412","C12.200.294.494.591",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component<br>tissues.",""],["Penile Neoplasms",5697,0.0,"D010412","C12.200.758.409.500",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component<br>tissues.",""],["Perinephritis",193,0.0,"D010501","C12.200.777.419.685",0,"Description: Inflammation of the connective and adipose tissues<br>surrounding the KIDNEY.",""],["Placenta Accreta",2530,0.0,"D010921","C12.050.703.420.643",0,"Description: Abnormal placentation in which all or parts of the<br>PLACENTA are attached directly to the MYOMETRIUM due to a<br>complete or partial absence of DECIDUA. It is associated with<br>POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE because of the failure of placental<br>separation.",""],["Placenta Accreta",2530,0.0,"D010921","C12.050.703.590.609",0,"Description: Abnormal placentation in which all or parts of the<br>PLACENTA are attached directly to the MYOMETRIUM due to a<br>complete or partial absence of DECIDUA. It is associated with<br>POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE because of the failure of placental<br>separation.",""],["Placenta Previa",2364,0.0,"D010923","C12.050.703.420.714",0,"Description: Abnormal placentation in which the PLACENTA implants<br>in the lower segment of the UTERUS (the zone of dilation) and may<br>cover part or all of the opening of the CERVIX. It is often<br>associated with serious antepartum bleeding and PREMATURE LABOR.",""],["Placenta Previa",2364,0.0,"D010923","C12.050.703.590.734",0,"Description: Abnormal placentation in which the PLACENTA implants<br>in the lower segment of the UTERUS (the zone of dilation) and may<br>cover part or all of the opening of the CERVIX. It is often<br>associated with serious antepartum bleeding and PREMATURE LABOR.",""],["Placental Insufficiency",1148,0.0,"D010927","C12.050.703.590.800",0,"Description: Failure of the PLACENTA to deliver an adequate<br>supply of nutrients and OXYGEN to the FETUS.",""],["Polyuria",1168,0.0,"D011141","C12.200.777.934.616",0,"Description: Urination of a large volume of urine with an<br>increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes<br>(DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS).",""],["Pre-Eclampsia",28183,0.1,"D011225","C12.050.703.395.249",0,"Description: A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a<br>complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and<br>PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may<br>range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after<br>the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in<br>the presence of trophoblastic disease.",""],["Pregnancy, Abdominal",1311,0.0,"D011269","C12.050.703.733.536",0,"Description: A type of ectopic pregnancy in which the EMBRYO,<br>MAMMALIAN implants in the ABDOMINAL CAVITY instead of in the<br>ENDOMETRIUM of the UTERUS.",""],["Pregnancy, Tubal",3301,0.0,"D011274","C12.050.703.733.703",1,"Description: The most common (>96%) type of ectopic pregnancy in<br>which the extrauterine EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs in the<br>FALLOPIAN TUBE, usually in the ampullary region where<br>FERTILIZATION takes place.",""],["Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects",25484,0.1,"D011297","C12.050.703.824.500",0,"Description: The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to<br>certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA;<br>PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or<br>chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the<br>offspring after BIRTH.",""],["Priapism",2398,0.0,"D011317","C12.100.500.494.786",0,"Description: A prolonged painful erection that may lasts hours<br>and is not associated with sexual activity. It is seen in<br>patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA, advanced malignancy, spinal<br>trauma; and certain drug treatments.",""],["Priapism",2398,0.0,"D011317","C12.200.294.494.786",0,"Description: A prolonged painful erection that may lasts hours<br>and is not associated with sexual activity. It is seen in<br>patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA, advanced malignancy, spinal<br>trauma; and certain drug treatments.",""],["Prostatic Hyperplasia",19787,0.0,"D011470","C12.100.500.565.500",0,"Description: Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE,<br>leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse<br>impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by<br>increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death,<br>or both.",""],["Prostatic Hyperplasia",19787,0.0,"D011470","C12.200.294.565.500",0,"Description: Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE,<br>leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse<br>impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by<br>increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death,<br>or both.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms",149742,0.4,"D011471","C12.100.500.260.750",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms",149742,0.4,"D011471","C12.100.500.565.625",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms",149742,0.4,"D011471","C12.200.294.260.750",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms",149742,0.4,"D011471","C12.200.294.565.625",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms",149742,0.4,"D011471","C12.200.758.409.750",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.",""],["Prostatitis",5204,0.0,"D011472","C12.100.500.565.750",0,"Description: Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the<br>parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their<br>varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to<br>treatment.",""],["Prostatitis",5204,0.0,"D011472","C12.200.294.565.750",0,"Description: Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the<br>parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their<br>varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to<br>treatment.",""],["Pruritus Vulvae",351,0.0,"D011539","C12.100.250.944.626",0,"Description: Intense itching of the external female genitals.",""],["Pseudohypoaldosteronism",508,0.0,"D011546","C12.950.419.815.770",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by<br>renal electrolyte transport dysfunctions. Congenital forms are<br>rare autosomal disorders characterized by neonatal hypertension,<br>HYPERKALEMIA, increased RENIN activity and ALDOSTERONE<br>concentration. The Type I features HYPERKALEMIA with sodium<br>wasting; Type II, HYPERKALEMIA without sodium wasting.<br>Pseudohypoaldosteronism can be the result of a defective renal<br>electrolyte transport protein or acquired after KIDNEY<br>TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Puerperal Infection",2488,0.0,"D011645","C12.050.703.700.715",0,"Description: An infection occurring in PUERPERIUM, the period of<br>6-8 weeks after giving birth.",""],["Puerperal Infection",2488,0.0,"D011645","C12.050.703.844.757",0,"Description: An infection occurring in PUERPERIUM, the period of<br>6-8 weeks after giving birth.",""],["Pyelitis",10991,0.0,"D011702","C12.950.419.570.821",3,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and KIDNEY CALICES<br>where urine is collected before discharge, but does not involve<br>the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS) where urine is processed.",""],["Pyuria",585,0.0,"D011776","C12.200.777.892.719",0,"Description: The presence of white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) in<br>the urine. It is often associated with bacterial infections of<br>the urinary tract. Pyuria without BACTERIURIA can be caused by<br>TUBERCULOSIS, stones, or cancer.",""],["Vaginal Fistula",4697,0.0,"D014624","C12.100.250.894.767",2,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage that connects the<br>VAGINA to other organs, such as the bladder (VESICOVAGINAL<br>FISTULA) or the rectum (RECTOVAGINAL FISTULA).",""],["Renal Artery Obstruction",8280,0.0,"D012078","C12.200.777.419.775",0,"Description: Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or<br>arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR<br>DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The<br>reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension<br>(HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).",""],["Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder",2928,0.0,"D012080","C12.200.777.419.080",0,"Description: Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development<br>due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3<br>synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative<br>feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.",""],["Schistosomiasis haematobia",2506,0.0,"D012553","C12.200.777.892.775",0,"Description: A human disease caused by the infection of parasitic<br>worms SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM. It is endemic in AFRICA and parts<br>of the MIDDLE EAST. Tissue damages most often occur in the<br>URINARY TRACT, specifically the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Syphilis",20409,0.1,"D013587","C12.100.937.281.859",0,"Description: A contagious venereal disease caused by the<br>spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.",""],["Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome",1607,0.0,"D013734","C12.800.316.096.500",0,"Description: A disorder of sexual development transmitted as an<br>X-linked recessive trait. These patients have a karyotype of<br>46,XY with end-organ resistance to androgen due to mutations in<br>the androgen receptor (RECEPTORS, ANDROGEN) gene. Severity of the<br>defect in receptor quantity or quality correlates with their<br>phenotypes. In these genetic males, the phenotypic spectrum<br>ranges from those with normal female external genitalia, through<br>those with genital ambiguity as in Reifenstein Syndrome, to that<br>of a normal male with INFERTILITY.",""],["Thecoma",784,0.0,"D013798","C12.900.418.685.765",0,"Description: A gonadal stromal neoplasm composed only of THECA<br>CELLS, occurring mostly in the postmenopausal OVARY. It is filled<br>with lipid-containing spindle cells and produces ESTROGENS that<br>can lead to ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA; UTERINE HEMORRHAGE; or other<br>malignancies in postmenopausal women and sexual precocity in<br>girls. When tumors containing theca cells also contain<br>FIBROBLASTS, they are identified as thecoma-fibroma tumors with<br>less active hormone production.",""],["Tuberculosis, Female Genital",2278,0.0,"D014384","C12.050.351.500.758",0,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the female reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Tuberculosis, Female Genital",2278,0.0,"D014384","C12.050.351.750.940",0,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the female reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Tuberculosis, Renal",2295,0.0,"D014398","C12.050.351.750.970",0,"Description: Infection of the KIDNEY with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM.",""],["Tuberculosis, Renal",2295,0.0,"D014398","C12.200.777.419.912",0,"Description: Infection of the KIDNEY with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.0,"D014424","C12.800.316.309.872",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.0,"D014424","C12.800.316.795.750",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Ureteral Diseases",28312,0.1,"D014515","C12.050.351.968.725",5,"Description: Pathological processes involving the URETERS.",""],["Ureterolithiasis",6541,0.0,"D053039","C12.200.777.725.938",1,"Description: Formation of stones in the URETER.",""],["Ureterolithiasis",6541,0.0,"D053039","C12.200.777.967.374",1,"Description: Formation of stones in the URETER.",""],["Ureteral Calculi",5983,0.0,"D014514","C12.950.725.938.500",0,"Description: Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY.<br>They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal<br>stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the<br>ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.",""],["Ureteral Calculi",5983,0.0,"D014514","C12.950.967.374.500",0,"Description: Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY.<br>They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal<br>stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the<br>ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.",""],["Ureteral Calculi",5983,0.0,"D014514","C12.950.967.500.851",0,"Description: Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY.<br>They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal<br>stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the<br>ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.",""],["Ureteral Neoplasms",4759,0.0,"D014516","C12.200.758.820.875",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETER which may cause<br>obstruction leading to hydroureter, HYDRONEPHROSIS, and<br>PYELONEPHRITIS. HEMATURIA is a common symptom.",""],["Ureteral Neoplasms",4759,0.0,"D014516","C12.200.777.725.676",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETER which may cause<br>obstruction leading to hydroureter, HYDRONEPHROSIS, and<br>PYELONEPHRITIS. HEMATURIA is a common symptom.",""],["Ureteral Obstruction",11410,0.0,"D014517","C12.200.777.725.776",0,"Description: Blockage in any part of the URETER causing<br>obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER.<br>The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral,<br>bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the<br>degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary<br>greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy.",""],["Ureterocele",1143,0.0,"D014518","C12.200.777.725.876",0,"Description: A cystic dilatation of the end of a URETER as it<br>enters into the URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by the<br>ballooning of the ureteral orifice into the lumen of the bladder<br>and may obstruct urine flow.",""],["Urethral Neoplasms",2529,0.0,"D014523","C12.200.758.820.937",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETHRA. Benign epithelial<br>tumors of the urethra usually consist of squamous and<br>transitional cells. Primary urethral carcinomas are rare and<br>typically of squamous cells. Urethral carcinoma is the only<br>urological malignancy that is more common in females than in<br>males.",""],["Urethral Neoplasms",2529,0.0,"D014523","C12.200.777.767.601",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETHRA. Benign epithelial<br>tumors of the urethra usually consist of squamous and<br>transitional cells. Primary urethral carcinomas are rare and<br>typically of squamous cells. Urethral carcinoma is the only<br>urological malignancy that is more common in females than in<br>males.",""],["Urethral Stricture",4617,0.0,"D014525","C12.950.767.700.700",0,"Description: Narrowing of any part of the URETHRA. It is<br>characterized by decreased urinary stream and often other<br>obstructive voiding symptoms.",""],["Urethritis",3565,0.0,"D014526","C12.200.777.767.851",0,"Description: Inflammation involving the URETHRA. Similar to<br>CYSTITIS, clinical symptoms range from vague discomfort to<br>painful urination (DYSURIA), urethral discharge, or both.",""],["Urinary Incontinence",30973,0.1,"D014549","C12.200.777.934.852",2,"Description: Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine.<br>It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes.<br>Major types of incontinence include URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE and<br>URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE.",""],["Urinary Incontinence, Stress",11031,0.0,"D014550","C12.950.934.814.500",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE as a result of<br>physical activities that increase abdominal pressure on the<br>URINARY BLADDER without detrusor contraction or overdistended<br>bladder. The subtypes are classified by the degree of leakage,<br>descent and opening of the bladder neck and URETHRA without<br>bladder contraction, and sphincter deficiency.",""],["Uterine Rupture",4175,0.0,"D014597","C12.100.250.852.904",1,"Description: A complete separation or tear in the wall of the<br>UTERUS with or without expulsion of the FETUS. It may be due to<br>injuries, multiple pregnancies, large fetus, previous scarring,<br>or obstruction.",""],["Uterine Prolapse",5027,0.0,"D014596","C12.100.250.852.833",0,"Description: Downward displacement of the UTERUS. It is<br>classified in various degrees: in the first degree the UTERINE<br>CERVIX is within the vaginal orifice; in the second degree the<br>cervix is outside the orifice; in the third degree the entire<br>uterus is outside the orifice.",""],["Uterine Rupture",3457,0.0,"D014597","C12.050.703.420.904",0,"Description: A complete separation or tear in the wall of the<br>UTERUS with or without expulsion of the FETUS. It may be due to<br>injuries, multiple pregnancies, large fetus, previous scarring,<br>or obstruction.",""],["Vaginal Neoplasms",4496,0.0,"D014625","C12.100.250.894.834",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the VAGINA.",""],["Vesico-Ureteral Reflux",6812,0.0,"D014718","C12.200.777.829.920",0,"Description: Retrograde flow of urine from the URINARY BLADDER<br>into the URETER. This is often due to incompetence of the<br>vesicoureteral valve leading to ascending bacterial infection<br>into the KIDNEY.",""],["Vesicovaginal Fistula",2295,0.0,"D014719","C12.950.829.548.733",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the URINARY<br>BLADDER and the VAGINA.",""],["Vulvar Neoplasms",8196,0.0,"D014846","C12.100.250.944.819",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the VULVA.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C12.950.419.135.875",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C12.200.777.419.978",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic",3412,0.0,"D015597","C12.050.703.700.680",0,"Description: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and parasitic<br>diseases. The parasitic infection may precede or follow<br>FERTILIZATION.",""],["Urinary Retention",3802,0.0,"D016055","C12.200.777.934.880",0,"Description: Inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER with voiding<br>(URINATION).",""],["AIDS-Associated Nephropathy",827,0.0,"D016263","C12.200.777.419.050",0,"Description: Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-<br>infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe<br>proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with<br>distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys,<br>and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct<br>from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of<br>kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.",""],["Endometrial Neoplasms",26842,0.1,"D016889","C12.900.418.875.200",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining<br>of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their<br>classification and grading are based on the various cell types<br>and the percent of undifferentiated cells.",""],["HELLP Syndrome",1555,0.0,"D017359","C12.050.703.395.186",0,"Description: A syndrome of HEMOLYSIS, elevated liver ENZYMES, and<br>low blood platelets count (THROMBOCYTOPENIA). HELLP syndrome is<br>observed in pregnant women with PRE-ECLAMPSIA or ECLAMPSIA who<br>also exhibit LIVER damage and abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION.",""],["Kallmann Syndrome",579,0.0,"D017436","C12.800.316.096.750",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by<br>hypothalamic GNRH deficiency and OLFACTORY NERVE defects. It is<br>characterized by congenital HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM and<br>ANOSMIA, possibly with additional midline defects. It can be<br>transmitted as an X-linked (GENETIC DISEASES, X-LINKED), an<br>autosomal dominant, or an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["46, XX Disorders of Sex Development",2484,0.0,"D058489","C12.200.706.316.064",3,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals with a female<br>karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical<br>sex is atypical.",""],["Hyperandrogenism",1604,0.0,"D017588","C12.800.316.064.500",0,"Description: A condition caused by the excessive secretion of<br>ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES.<br>The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the<br>common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in<br>patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL<br>HYPERFUNCTION.",""],["Hyperandrogenism",1604,0.0,"D017588","C12.800.316.090.750",0,"Description: A condition caused by the excessive secretion of<br>ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES.<br>The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the<br>common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in<br>patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL<br>HYPERFUNCTION.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C12.800.316.096.875",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Nephroma, Mesoblastic",288,0.0,"D018201","C12.900.820.535.790",0,"Description: A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the KIDNEY composed<br>of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble FIBROBLASTS or muscle<br>cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal<br>parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases,<br>mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or<br>newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult.",""],["Nephroma, Mesoblastic",288,0.0,"D018201","C12.950.419.473.372",0,"Description: A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the KIDNEY composed<br>of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble FIBROBLASTS or muscle<br>cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal<br>parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases,<br>mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or<br>newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult.",""],["Nephroma, Mesoblastic",288,0.0,"D018201","C12.950.983.535.790",0,"Description: A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the KIDNEY composed<br>of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble FIBROBLASTS or muscle<br>cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal<br>parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases,<br>mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or<br>newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult.",""],["Carcinoma, Endometrioid",3213,0.0,"D018269","C12.900.418.685.331",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of<br>cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a<br>common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL<br>CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this<br>form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",755,0.0,"D018310","C12.900.418.685.648",0,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Luteoma",79,0.0,"D018311","C12.900.418.685.464",0,"Description: An ovarian neoplasm composed of LUTEAL CELLS derived<br>from luteinized GRANULOSA CELLS and THECA CELLS. Luteomas respond<br>to GONADOTROPINS, and vary in their hormone production<br>(PROGESTERONE; ESTROGENS; or ANDROGENS). During PREGNANCY, a<br>transient type of luteoma may develop due to an exaggerated<br>LUTEINIZATION of the OVARY.",""],["Placenta, Retained",632,0.0,"D018457","C12.050.703.590.767",0,"Description: A placenta that fails to be expelled after BIRTH of<br>the FETUS. A PLACENTA is retained when the UTERUS fails to<br>contract after the delivery of its content, or when the placenta<br>is abnormally attached to the MYOMETRIUM.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic",817,0.0,"D018500","C12.950.419.135.500",0,"Description: A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder<br>characterized by persistent hypotonic urine and HYPOKALEMIA. This<br>condition is due to renal tubular insensitivity to VASOPRESSIN<br>and failure to reduce urine volume. It may be the result of<br>mutations of genes encoding VASOPRESSIN RECEPTORS or AQUAPORIN-2;<br>KIDNEY DISEASES; adverse drug effects; or complications from<br>PREGNANCY.",""],["Impotence, Vasculogenic",978,0.0,"D018783","C12.100.500.214.500",0,"Description: Inability to achieve and maintain an erection<br>(ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION) due to defects in the arterial blood flow<br>to the PENIS, defect in venous occlusive function allowing blood<br>drainage (leakage) from the erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum<br>penis), or both.",""],["Impotence, Vasculogenic",978,0.0,"D018783","C12.100.875.486.500",0,"Description: Inability to achieve and maintain an erection<br>(ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION) due to defects in the arterial blood flow<br>to the PENIS, defect in venous occlusive function allowing blood<br>drainage (leakage) from the erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum<br>penis), or both.",""],["Impotence, Vasculogenic",978,0.0,"D018783","C12.200.294.214.500",0,"Description: Inability to achieve and maintain an erection<br>(ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION) due to defects in the arterial blood flow<br>to the PENIS, defect in venous occlusive function allowing blood<br>drainage (leakage) from the erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum<br>penis), or both.",""],["Cystitis, Interstitial",2719,0.0,"D018856","C12.950.829.495.500",0,"Description: A condition with recurring discomfort or pain in the<br>URINARY BLADDER and the surrounding pelvic region without an<br>identifiable disease. Severity of pain in interstitial cystitis<br>varies greatly and often is accompanied by increased urination<br>frequency and urgency.",""],["Depression, Postpartum",6608,0.0,"D019052","C12.050.703.844.253",0,"Description: Depression in POSTPARTUM WOMEN, usually within four<br>weeks after giving birth (PARTURITION). The degree of depression<br>ranges from mild transient depression to neurotic or psychotic<br>depressive disorders. (From DSM-IV, p386)",""],["Uterine Inversion",337,0.0,"D019687","C12.050.703.420.814",0,"Description: A complication of OBSTETRIC LABOR in which the<br>corpus of the UTERUS is forced completely or partially through<br>the UTERINE CERVIX. This can occur during the late stages of<br>labor and is associated with IMMEDIATE POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Uterine Inversion",337,0.0,"D019687","C12.100.250.852.726",0,"Description: A complication of OBSTETRIC LABOR in which the<br>corpus of the UTERUS is forced completely or partially through<br>the UTERINE CERVIX. This can occur during the late stages of<br>labor and is associated with IMMEDIATE POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic",1286,0.0,"D020790","C12.950.419.135.750",0,"Description: A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of VASOPRESSINS secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS.<br>Clinical signs include the excretion of large volumes of dilute<br>URINE; HYPERNATREMIA; THIRST; and polydipsia. Etiologies include<br>HEAD TRAUMA; surgeries and diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS<br>and the PITUITARY GLAND. This disorder may also be caused by<br>mutations of genes such as ARVP encoding vasopressin and its<br>corresponding neurophysin (NEUROPHYSINS).",""],["Embryo Loss",700,0.0,"D020964","C12.050.703.039.711",0,"Description: Early pregnancy loss during the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN<br>stage of development. In the human, this period comprises the<br>second through eighth week after fertilization.",""],["Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney",525,0.0,"D021782","C12.050.351.875.558",0,"Description: A nongenetic defect due to malformation of the<br>KIDNEY which appears as a bunch of grapes with multiple renal<br>cysts but lacking the normal renal bean shape, and the collection<br>drainage system. This condition can be detected in-utero with<br>ULTRASONOGRAPHY.",""],["Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney",525,0.0,"D021782","C12.950.419.403.750",0,"Description: A nongenetic defect due to malformation of the<br>KIDNEY which appears as a bunch of grapes with multiple renal<br>cysts but lacking the normal renal bean shape, and the collection<br>drainage system. This condition can be detected in-utero with<br>ULTRASONOGRAPHY.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX",150,0.0,"D023961","C12.800.316.064.249",0,"Description: The 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis may be sporadic or<br>familial. Familial XX gonadal dysgenesis is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive trait and its locus was mapped to chromosome<br>2. Mutation in the gene for the FSH receptor (RECEPTORS, FSH) was<br>detected. Sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis is heterogeneous and has<br>been associated with trisomy-13 and trisomy-18. These phenotypic<br>females are characterized by a normal stature, sexual<br>infantilism, bilateral streak gonads, amenorrhea, elevated plasma<br>LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH concentration.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX",150,0.0,"D023961","C12.800.316.309.193",0,"Description: The 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis may be sporadic or<br>familial. Familial XX gonadal dysgenesis is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive trait and its locus was mapped to chromosome<br>2. Mutation in the gene for the FSH receptor (RECEPTORS, FSH) was<br>detected. Sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis is heterogeneous and has<br>been associated with trisomy-13 and trisomy-18. These phenotypic<br>females are characterized by a normal stature, sexual<br>infantilism, bilateral streak gonads, amenorrhea, elevated plasma<br>LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH concentration.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C12.800.316.096.562",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Pubic Symphysis Diastasis",129,0.0,"D046548","C12.050.703.844.728",0,"Description: Separation of the PUBIC SYMPHYSIS. It is an uncommon<br>complication of CHILDBIRTH causing postpartum PAIN, but it can<br>also arise from other causes.",""],["Fetal Nutrition Disorders",234,0.0,"D048070","C12.050.703.277.677",0,"Description: Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either<br>overnutrition or undernutrition, in the FETUS in utero.",""],["Postpartum Thyroiditis",55,0.0,"D050032","C12.050.703.844.714",0,"Description: Transient autoimmune thyroiditis occurring in the<br>POSTPARTUM PERIOD. It is characterized by the presence of high<br>titers of AUTOANTIBODIES against THYROID PEROXIDASE and<br>THYROGLOBULIN. Clinical signs include the triphasic thyroid<br>hormone pattern: beginning with THYROTOXICOSIS, followed with<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM, then return to euthyroid state by 1 year<br>postpartum.",""],["Sexual Infantilism",270,0.0,"D050035","C12.800.316.309.631",0,"Description: The permanent lack of SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT in an<br>individual. This defect is usually observed at an age after<br>expected PUBERTY.",""],["Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development",289,0.0,"D050090","C12.200.706.316.343",0,"Description: Conditions of sexual ambiguity in which the<br>individual possesses gonadal tissues of both sexes, tissues from<br>the OVARY and the TESTIS. There can be a testis on one side and<br>an ovary on the other (lateral), or there may be combined ovarian<br>and testicular tissue (ovotestes) on each side (bilateral). The<br>karyotype may be 46,XX; 46,XY; or a mosaic of 46,XX/46,XY. These<br>disorders have historically been called true hermaphroditism.",""],["Stillbirth",3476,0.0,"D050497","C12.050.703.223.650",0,"Description: The event that a FETUS is born dead or stillborn.",""],["Vaginismus",170,0.0,"D052065","C12.050.351.500.919",0,"Description: Recurrent or persistent involuntary SPASM of the<br>outer muscles of the VAGINA, occurring during vaginal<br>penetration.",""],["Vaginismus",170,0.0,"D052065","C12.100.250.894.870",0,"Description: Recurrent or persistent involuntary SPASM of the<br>outer muscles of the VAGINA, occurring during vaginal<br>penetration.",""],["Frasier Syndrome",43,0.0,"D052159","C12.800.316.096.624",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE<br>and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of<br>46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is<br>caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor<br>gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Cephalopelvic Disproportion",110,0.0,"D052178","C12.050.703.420.235",0,"Description: A condition in which the HEAD of the FETUS is larger<br>than the mother's PELVIS through which the fetal head must pass<br>during a vaginal delivery.",""],["Hydrocolpos",138,0.0,"D052202","C12.100.250.894.500",0,"Description: A fluid-filled VAGINA that is obstructed.",""],["Cystocele",470,0.0,"D052858","C12.200.777.829.707",0,"Description: A HERNIA-like condition in which the weakened pelvic<br>muscles cause the URINARY BLADDER to drop from its normal<br>position. Fallen urinary bladder is more common in females with<br>the bladder dropping into the VAGINA and less common in males<br>with the bladder dropping into the SCROTUM.",""],["Pyonephrosis",191,0.0,"D053018","C12.950.419.307.500",0,"Description: Distention of KIDNEY with the presence of PUS and<br>suppurative destruction of the renal parenchyma. It is often<br>associated with renal obstruction and can lead to total or nearly<br>total loss of renal function.",""],["Azotemia",317,0.0,"D053099","C12.950.419.936.231",0,"Description: A biochemical abnormality referring to an elevation<br>of BLOOD UREA NITROGEN and CREATININE. Azotemia can be produced<br>by KIDNEY DISEASES or other extrarenal disorders. When azotemia<br>becomes associated with a constellation of clinical signs, it is<br>termed UREMIA.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Overactive",5421,0.0,"D053201","C12.200.777.829.866",0,"Description: Symptom of overactive detrusor muscle of the URINARY<br>BLADDER that contracts with abnormally high frequency and<br>urgency. Overactive bladder is characterized by the frequent<br>feeling of needing to urinate during the day, during the night,<br>or both. URINARY INCONTINENCE may or may not be present.",""],["Urinary Incontinence, Urge",752,0.0,"D053202","C12.950.934.814.750",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE that is associated<br>with an abrupt and strong desire to void. It is usually related<br>to the involuntary contractions of the detrusor muscle of the<br>bladder (detrusor hyperreflexia or detrusor instability).",""],["Nocturnal Enuresis",1417,0.0,"D053206","C12.950.934.252.500",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE during sleep at night<br>after expected age of completed development of urinary control.",""],["Diurnal Enuresis",128,0.0,"D053207","C12.950.934.252.249",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE during the daytime<br>while one is awake.",""],["Gitelman Syndrome",464,0.0,"D053579","C12.950.419.815.491",0,"Description: An inherited renal disorder characterized by<br>defective NaCl reabsorption in the convoluted DISTAL KIDNEY<br>TUBULE leading to HYPOKALEMIA. In contrast with BARTTER SYNDROME,<br>Gitelman syndrome includes hypomagnesemia and normocalcemic<br>hypocalciuria, and is caused by mutations in the thiazide-<br>sensitive SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.",""],["Asthenozoospermia",634,0.0,"D053627","C12.100.500.430.253",0,"Description: A condition in which the percentage of motile sperm<br>is abnormally low.",""],["Asthenozoospermia",634,0.0,"D053627","C12.100.750.700.253",0,"Description: A condition in which the percentage of motile sperm<br>is abnormally low.",""],["Asthenozoospermia",634,0.0,"D053627","C12.200.294.430.253",0,"Description: A condition in which the percentage of motile sperm<br>is abnormally low.",""],["Pyelocystitis",52,0.0,"D053653","C12.950.829.495.750",0,"Description: Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and the URINARY<br>BLADDER.",""],["Azoospermia",2021,0.0,"D053713","C12.100.500.430.380",0,"Description: A condition of having no sperm present in the<br>ejaculate (SEMEN).",""],["Azoospermia",2021,0.0,"D053713","C12.100.750.700.380",0,"Description: A condition of having no sperm present in the<br>ejaculate (SEMEN).",""],["Azoospermia",2021,0.0,"D053713","C12.200.294.430.380",0,"Description: A condition of having no sperm present in the<br>ejaculate (SEMEN).",""],["Aspermia",26,0.0,"D053714","C12.100.500.430.126",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the complete absence of<br>SEMEN. This disorder should be differentiated from AZOOSPERMIA,<br>absence of sperm in the semen.",""],["Aspermia",26,0.0,"D053714","C12.100.750.700.126",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the complete absence of<br>SEMEN. This disorder should be differentiated from AZOOSPERMIA,<br>absence of sperm in the semen.",""],["Aspermia",26,0.0,"D053714","C12.200.294.430.126",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the complete absence of<br>SEMEN. This disorder should be differentiated from AZOOSPERMIA,<br>absence of sperm in the semen.",""],["Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome",88,0.0,"D054331","C12.100.500.430.754",0,"Description: A type of male infertility in which no germ cells<br>are visible in any of the biopsied SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES (type I)<br>or in which germ cells are present in a minority of tubules (type<br>II). Clinical features include AZOOSPERMIA, normal VIRILIZATION,<br>and normal chromosomal complement.",""],["Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome",88,0.0,"D054331","C12.100.750.700.754",0,"Description: A type of male infertility in which no germ cells<br>are visible in any of the biopsied SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES (type I)<br>or in which germ cells are present in a minority of tubules (type<br>II). Clinical features include AZOOSPERMIA, normal VIRILIZATION,<br>and normal chromosomal complement.",""],["Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome",88,0.0,"D054331","C12.200.294.430.754",0,"Description: A type of male infertility in which no germ cells<br>are visible in any of the biopsied SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES (type I)<br>or in which germ cells are present in a minority of tubules (type<br>II). Clinical features include AZOOSPERMIA, normal VIRILIZATION,<br>and normal chromosomal complement.",""],["Pyometra",291,0.0,"D055112","C12.100.250.852.544",0,"Description: An accumulation of PUS in the uterine cavity<br>(UTERUS). Pyometra generally indicates the presence of<br>infections.",""],["Vasa Previa",175,0.0,"D055949","C12.050.703.420.952",0,"Description: Pregnancy complication where fetal blood vessels,<br>normally inside the umbilical cord, are left unprotected and<br>cross FETAL MEMBRANES. It is associated with antepartum bleeding<br>and FETAL DEATH and STILLBIRTH due to exsanguination.",""],["Vulvodynia",582,0.0,"D056650","C12.100.250.944.951",0,"Description: Complex pain syndrome with unknown etiology,<br>characterized by constant or intermittent generalized vulva pain<br>(Generalized vulvodynia) or localized burning sensations in the<br>VESTIBULE area when pressure is applied (Vestibulodynia, or<br>Vulvar Vestibulitis Syndrome). Typically, vulvar tissue with<br>vulvodynia appears normal without infection or skin disease.<br>Vulvodynia impacts negatively on a woman's quality of life as it<br>interferes with sexual and daily activities.",""],["Liddle Syndrome",96,0.0,"D056929","C12.950.419.815.683",0,"Description: Familial pseudoaldosteronism characterized by<br>autosomal dominant inheritance of hypertension with HYPOKALEMIA;<br>ALKALOSIS; RENIN and ALDOSTERONE level decreases. It is caused by<br>mutations in EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS beta and gamma subunits.<br>Different mutations in the same EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS<br>subunits can cause PSEUDOHYPOALDOSTERONISM, TYPE I, AUTOSOMAL<br>DOMINANT.",""],["Dent Disease",112,0.0,"D057973","C12.950.419.815.364",0,"Description: X-linked recessive NEPHROLITHIASIS characterized by<br>HYPERCALCIURIA; HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; NEPHROCALCINOSIS; and<br>PROTEINURIA. It is associated with mutations in the voltage-gated<br>chloride channel, CLC-5 (Dent Disease I). Another group of<br>mutations associated with this disease is in phosphatidylinositol<br>4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase gene.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C12.050.351.875.397",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development",53,0.0,"D058531","C12.800.316.064.124",0,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals in which male<br>GONADS develop in a genetic female (female to male sex reversal).",""],["Echogenic Bowel",31,0.0,"D058535","C12.050.703.277.050",0,"Description: A PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY finding of excessively<br>dense fetal bowel due to MECONIUM buildup.",""],["Pyelectasis",29,0.0,"D058536","C12.050.703.277.838",0,"Description: Dilation of fetal KIDNEY PELVIS. It is a common<br>PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY finding with no significant long-term<br>sequelae.",""],["Renal Nutcracker Syndrome",272,0.0,"D059228","C12.200.777.419.787",0,"Description: Left RENAL VEIN compression between the AORTA,<br>ABDOMINAL and the SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY. Variable symptoms<br>include HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR; HEMATURIA; and VARICOSE<br>VEINS.",""],["Cardio-Renal Syndrome",966,0.0,"D059347","C12.950.419.780.400",0,"Description: Condition where a primary dysfunction of either<br>heart or kidney results in failure of the other organ (e.g.,<br>HEART FAILURE with worsening RENAL INSUFFICIENCY).",""],["Uterine Retroversion",87,0.0,"D060725","C12.100.250.852.900",0,"Description: A condition in which the UTERUS is found tilted<br>backward toward the spine. The uterus is more commonly found in a<br>straight vertical or anteverted (tipped forward) position.<br>Although retroverted uterus is a normal variant position without<br>symptoms, it is sometimes associated with pain, discomfort and<br>other pregnancy complications.",""],["Reproductive Tract Infections",566,0.0,"D060737","C12.050.351.500.630",0,"Description: Infections of the genital tract in females or males.<br>They can be caused by endogenous, iatrogenic, or sexually<br>transmitted organisms.",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C12.900.418.685.431",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Adenomyosis",1061,0.0,"D062788","C12.100.250.852.113",0,"Description: The extension of endometrial tissue (ENDOMETRIUM)<br>into the MYOMETRIUM. It usually occurs in women in their<br>reproductive years and may result in a diffusely enlarged uterus<br>with ectopic and benign endometrial glands and stroma.",""],["Pregnancy, Heterotopic",217,0.0,"D063192","C12.050.703.733.650",0,"Description: MULTIPLE PREGNANCY with EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occuring<br>at different locations, involving both an intrauterine site and<br>an extrauterine (ECTOPIC PREGNANCY) site.",""],["Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders",4028,0.0,"D063647","C12.050.703.277.220",0,"Description: An umbrella term used to describe a pattern of<br>disabilities and abnormalities that result from fetal exposure to<br>ETHANOL during pregnancy. It encompasses a phenotypic range that<br>can vary greatly between individuals, but reliably includes one<br>or more of the following: characteristic facial dysmorphism,<br>FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION, central nervous system abnormalities,<br>cognitive and/or behavioral dysfunction, BIRTH DEFECTS. The level<br>of maternal alcohol consumption does not necessarily correlate<br>directly with disease severity.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant",5826,0.0,"D064129","C12.900.619.750.500",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in<br>the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such<br>as TESTOSTERONE.",""],["Retrocaval Ureter",129,0.0,"D064749","C12.050.351.875.811",0,"Description: A rare congenital abnormality resulting in the<br>URETER passing dorsal to and being obstructed by the INFERIOR<br>VENA CAVA.",""],["Pregnancy, Angular",31,0.0,"D065170","C12.050.703.733.619",0,"Description: A rare type of abnormal pregnancy in which EMBRYO<br>IMPLANTATION occurs at a lateral angle of the UTERUS, medial to<br>the uterotubal junction and the ROUND LIGAMENT OF UTERUS.",""],["Pregnancy, Ovarian",215,0.0,"D065172","C12.050.703.733.661",0,"Description: A type of pregnancy in which EMBRYO IMPLANTATION<br>occurs in an OVARY instead of in the uterine cavity.",""],["Pregnancy, Cornual",95,0.0,"D065173","C12.050.703.733.640",0,"Description: A type of pregnancy in which the EMBRYO IMPLANTATION<br>occurs in the horn of the UTERUS instead of in the uterine<br>cavity, i.e. at the junction of the uterus and one of the<br>FALLOPIAN TUBES.",""],["Abortion, Spontaneous",25981,0.1,"D000022","C12.050.703.039",7,"Description: Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before<br>completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate<br>interference.",""],["Pregnancy Complications, Infectious",40220,0.1,"D011251","C12.050.703.700",3,"Description: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The<br>infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.",""],["Abortion, Threatened",1651,0.0,"D000033","C12.050.703.090",0,"Description: UTERINE BLEEDING from a GESTATION of less than 20<br>weeks without any CERVICAL DILATATION. It is characterized by<br>vaginal bleeding, lower back discomfort, or midline pelvic<br>cramping and a risk factor for MISCARRIAGE.",""],["Obstetric Labor Complications",63751,0.2,"D007744","C12.050.703.420",16,"Description: Medical problems associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR,<br>such as BREECH PRESENTATION; PREMATURE OBSTETRIC LABOR;<br>HEMORRHAGE; or others. These complications can affect the well-<br>being of the mother, the FETUS, or both.",""],["Placenta Diseases",14436,0.0,"D010922","C12.050.703.590",6,"Description: Pathological processes or abnormal functions of the<br>PLACENTA.",""],["Urogenital Abnormalities",65485,0.2,"D014564","C12.050.351.875",41,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the<br>UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.",""],["Fused Kidney",184,0.0,"D000069337","C12.200.706.445",0,"Description: Congenital fusion of two kidneys.",""],["Urologic Diseases",964670,2.4,"D014570","C12.050.351.968",146,"Description: Pathological processes of the URINARY TRACT in both<br>males and females.",""],["Kidney Diseases",610236,1.5,"D007674","C12.200.777.419",85,"Description: Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its<br>component tissues.",""],["Urolithiasis",65172,0.2,"D052878","C12.200.777.967",10,"Description: Formation of stones in any part of the URINARY<br>TRACT, usually in the KIDNEY; URINARY BLADDER; or the URETER.",""],["Nephrolithiasis",19788,0.0,"D053040","C12.950.419.600",2,"Description: Formation of stones in the KIDNEY.",""],["Nephrolithiasis",19788,0.0,"D053040","C12.950.967.249",2,"Description: Formation of stones in the KIDNEY.",""],["Urinary Calculi",35932,0.1,"D014545","C12.950.967.500",4,"Description: Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the<br>URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM<br>OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or<br>URIC ACID.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral",314190,0.8,"D015229","C12.100.937.640",14,"Description: Viral diseases which are transmitted or propagated<br>by sexual conduct.",""],["Infertility, Male",25766,0.1,"D007248","C12.100.500.430",6,"Description: The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of<br>an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male<br>sterility is permanent infertility.",""],["Infertility, Male",25766,0.1,"D007248","C12.100.750.700",6,"Description: The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of<br>an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male<br>sterility is permanent infertility.",""],["Infertility, Male",25766,0.1,"D007248","C12.200.294.430",6,"Description: The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of<br>an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male<br>sterility is permanent infertility.",""],["Solitary Kidney",183,0.0,"D000075529","C12.200.706.846",0,"Description: Either a single or a single functioning kidney due<br>to NEPHRECTOMY, birth defects or other kidney diseases.",""],["Genital Diseases, Female",526564,1.3,"D005831","C12.050.351.500",88,"Description: Pathological processes involving the female<br>reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Urogenital Neoplasms",459372,1.1,"D014565","C12.050.351.937",30,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either<br>the male or the female.",""],["Adnexal Diseases",147153,0.4,"D000291","C12.100.250.056",27,"Description: Diseases of the uterine appendages (ADNEXA UTERI)<br>including diseases involving the OVARY, the FALLOPIAN TUBES, and<br>ligaments of the uterus (BROAD LIGAMENT; ROUND LIGAMENT).",""],["Ovarian Neoplasms",94919,0.2,"D010051","C12.900.418.685",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can<br>be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the<br>tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal<br>endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.",""],["Urinary Bladder Diseases",104585,0.3,"D001745","C12.200.777.829",13,"Description: Pathological processes of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Underactive",147,0.0,"D000077295","C12.950.829.867",0,"Description: Symptom of underactive detrusor muscle of the<br>URINARY BLADDER that contracts with abnormally reduced strength<br>or duration resulting in an incomplete and/or prolonged bladder<br>emptying.",""],["Obesity, Maternal",397,0.0,"D000079262","C12.050.703.417",0,"Description: BODY MASS INDEX in PREGNANT WOMEN that is<br>excessively above the recommended cut-off.",""],["Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors",11623,0.0,"D015499","C12.950.419.815",14,"Description: Genetic defects in the selective or non-selective<br>transport functions of the KIDNEY TUBULES.",""],["Disorders of Sex Development",44266,0.1,"D012734","C12.200.706.316",28,"Description: In gonochoristic organisms, congenital conditions in<br>which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is<br>atypical. Effects from exposure to abnormal levels of GONADAL<br>HORMONES in the maternal environment, or disruption of the<br>function of those hormones by ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS are included.",""],["Adrenogenital Syndrome",9165,0.0,"D047808","C12.800.316.090",2,"Description: Abnormal SEX DIFFERENTIATION or congenital DISORDERS<br>OF SEX DEVELOPMENT caused by abnormal levels of steroid hormones<br>expressed by the GONADS or the ADRENAL GLANDS, such as in<br>CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA and ADRENAL CORTEX NEOPLASMS. Due<br>to abnormal steroid biosynthesis, clinical features include<br>VIRILISM in females; FEMINIZATION in males; or precocious sexual<br>development in children.",""],["Urination Disorders",81637,0.2,"D014555","C12.200.777.934",16,"Description: Abnormalities in the process of URINE voiding,<br>including bladder control, frequency of URINATION, as well as the<br>volume and composition of URINE.",""],["Proteinuria",20461,0.1,"D011507","C12.950.934.734",2,"Description: The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator<br>of KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Anuria",2668,0.0,"D001002","C12.950.419.078",0,"Description: Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated<br>with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete<br>lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral<br>obstruction when a solitary kidney is present.",""],["Anuria",2668,0.0,"D001002","C12.950.934.070",0,"Description: Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated<br>with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete<br>lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral<br>obstruction when a solitary kidney is present.",""],["Urinary Tract Infections",39739,0.1,"D014552","C12.200.777.892",3,"Description: Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the<br>URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial<br>infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.",""],["Bacteriuria",4889,0.0,"D001437","C12.950.892.219",0,"Description: The presence of bacteria in the urine which is<br>normally bacteria-free. These bacteria are from the URINARY TRACT<br>and are not contaminants of the surrounding tissues. Bacteriuria<br>can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Significant bacteriuria is an<br>indicator of urinary tract infection.",""],["Penile Diseases",20283,0.1,"D010409","C12.100.500.494",8,"Description: Pathological processes involving the PENIS or its<br>component tissues.",""],["Penile Diseases",20283,0.1,"D010409","C12.200.294.494",8,"Description: Pathological processes involving the PENIS or its<br>component tissues.",""],["Nephritis",81830,0.2,"D009393","C12.950.419.570",16,"Description: Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.",""],["Urinary Bladder Calculi",1974,0.0,"D001744","C12.950.829.521",0,"Description: Stones in the URINARY BLADDER; also known as vesical<br>calculi, bladder stones, or cystoliths.",""],["Bladder Exstrophy",2033,0.0,"D001746","C12.200.706.132",0,"Description: A birth defect in which the URINARY BLADDER is<br>malformed and exposed, inside out, and protruded through the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL. It is caused by closure defects involving the top<br>front surface of the bladder, as well as the lower abdominal<br>wall; SKIN; MUSCLES; and the pubic bone.",""],["Bladder Exstrophy",2033,0.0,"D001746","C12.950.829.132",0,"Description: A birth defect in which the URINARY BLADDER is<br>malformed and exposed, inside out, and protruded through the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL. It is caused by closure defects involving the top<br>front surface of the bladder, as well as the lower abdominal<br>wall; SKIN; MUSCLES; and the pubic bone.",""],["Urinary Fistula",4804,0.0,"D014548","C12.200.706.881",1,"Description: An abnormal passage in any part of the URINARY TRACT<br>between itself or with other organs.",""],["Urinary Bladder Fistula",1720,0.0,"D001747","C12.800.881.312",0,"Description: An abnormal passage in the URINARY BLADDER or<br>between the bladder and any surrounding organ.",""],["Urinary Bladder Fistula",4015,0.0,"D001747","C12.950.829.548",1,"Description: An abnormal passage in the URINARY BLADDER or<br>between the bladder and any surrounding organ.",""],["Urethral Diseases",21256,0.1,"D014522","C12.200.777.767",6,"Description: Pathological processes involving the URETHRA.",""],["Urethral Obstruction",10023,0.0,"D014524","C12.950.767.700",2,"Description: Partial or complete blockage in any part of the<br>URETHRA that can lead to difficulty or inability to empty the<br>URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by an enlarged, often<br>damaged, bladder with frequent urges to void.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction",3620,0.0,"D001748","C12.950.829.601",0,"Description: Blocked urine flow through the bladder neck, the<br>narrow internal urethral opening at the base of the URINARY<br>BLADDER. Narrowing or strictures of the URETHRA can be congenital<br>or acquired. It is often observed in males with enlarged PROSTATE<br>glands.",""],["Urologic Neoplasms",190784,0.5,"D014571","C12.200.758.820",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY TRACT in either the<br>male or the female.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neoplasms",58489,0.1,"D001749","C12.900.820.945",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neoplasms",58489,0.1,"D001749","C12.950.829.707",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Urinary Bladder Neoplasms",58489,0.1,"D001749","C12.950.983.945",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic",6160,0.0,"D001750","C12.950.829.760",0,"Description: Dysfunction of the URINARY BLADDER due to disease of<br>the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the<br>control of URINATION. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL<br>NERVE DISEASES.",""],["Vaginal Diseases",27870,0.1,"D014623","C12.100.250.894",15,"Description: Pathological processes of the VAGINA.",""],["Vulvar Diseases",18437,0.0,"D014845","C12.100.250.944",8,"Description: Pathological processes of the VULVA.",""],["Kidney Neoplasms",119344,0.3,"D007680","C12.900.820.535",5,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.",""],["Kidney Neoplasms",119344,0.3,"D007680","C12.950.419.473",5,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.",""],["Kidney Neoplasms",119344,0.3,"D007680","C12.950.983.535",5,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.",""],["Uterine Diseases",262585,0.6,"D014591","C12.100.250.852",26,"Description: Pathological processes involving any part of the<br>UTERUS.",""],["Uterine Neoplasms",141895,0.3,"D014594","C12.900.418.875",5,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial",51098,0.1,"D015231","C12.100.937.281",6,"Description: Bacterial diseases transmitted or propagated by<br>sexual conduct.",""],["Puerperal Disorders",32805,0.1,"D011644","C12.050.703.844",10,"Description: Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM,<br>the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in<br>humans.",""],["Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic",21117,0.1,"D011252","C12.050.703.720",7,"Description: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and NEOPLASMS. The<br>neoplastic disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.",""],["Fetal Diseases",55319,0.1,"D005315","C12.050.703.277",11,"Description: Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the<br>UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES.",""],["Testicular Diseases",12930,0.0,"D013733","C12.100.500.829",2,"Description: Pathological processes of the TESTIS.",""],["Testicular Diseases",12930,0.0,"D013733","C12.200.294.829",2,"Description: Pathological processes of the TESTIS.",""],["Cryptorchidism",7115,0.0,"D003456","C12.200.706.258",0,"Description: A developmental defect in which a TESTIS or both<br>TESTES failed to descend from high in the ABDOMEN to the bottom<br>of the SCROTUM. Testicular descent is essential to normal<br>SPERMATOGENESIS which requires temperature lower than the BODY<br>TEMPERATURE. Cryptorchidism can be subclassified by the location<br>of the maldescended testis.",""],["Cystitis",8866,0.0,"D003556","C12.950.829.495",2,"Description: Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from<br>bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated<br>with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency,<br>and suprapubic pain.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus",7378,0.0,"D003919","C12.950.419.135",3,"Description: A disease that is characterized by frequent<br>urination, excretion of large amounts of dilute URINE, and<br>excessive THIRST. Etiologies of diabetes insipidus include<br>deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (also known as ADH or<br>VASOPRESSIN) secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS, impaired KIDNEY<br>response to ADH, and impaired hypothalamic regulation of thirst.",""],["Diabetic Nephropathies",22982,0.1,"D003928","C12.950.419.192",0,"Description: KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus<br>and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and<br>the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA,<br>from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than<br>300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and<br>END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.",""],["Dyspareunia",1255,0.0,"D004414","C12.100.250.110",0,"Description: Recurrent genital pain occurring during, before, or<br>after SEXUAL INTERCOURSE in either the male or the female.",""],["Dyspareunia",1255,0.0,"D004414","C12.100.500.100",0,"Description: Recurrent genital pain occurring during, before, or<br>after SEXUAL INTERCOURSE in either the male or the female.",""],["Dyspareunia",1255,0.0,"D004414","C12.100.875.242",0,"Description: Recurrent genital pain occurring during, before, or<br>after SEXUAL INTERCOURSE in either the male or the female.",""],["Dyspareunia",1255,0.0,"D004414","C12.200.294.100",0,"Description: Recurrent genital pain occurring during, before, or<br>after SEXUAL INTERCOURSE in either the male or the female.",""],["Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced",36875,0.1,"D046110","C12.050.703.395",3,"Description: A condition in pregnant women with elevated systolic<br>(>140 mm Hg) and diastolic (>90 mm Hg) blood pressure on at least<br>two occasions 6 h apart. HYPERTENSION complicates 8-10% of all<br>pregnancies, generally after 20 weeks of gestation. Gestational<br>hypertension can be divided into several broad categories<br>according to the complexity and associated symptoms, such as<br>EDEMA; PROTEINURIA; SEIZURES; abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION<br>and liver functions.",""],["Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular",16105,0.0,"D011249","C12.050.703.634",1,"Description: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a cardiovascular<br>disease. The disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION and it<br>may or may not have a deleterious effect on the pregnant woman or<br>FETUS.",""],["Endometriosis",23659,0.1,"D004715","C12.100.250.163",0,"Description: A condition in which functional endometrial tissue<br>is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS<br>involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the<br>uterovesical peritoneum.",""],["Enuresis",5187,0.0,"D004775","C12.950.934.252",2,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE after expected age of<br>completed development of urinary control. This can happen during<br>the daytime (DIURNAL ENURESIS) while one is awake or during sleep<br>(NOCTURNAL ENURESIS). Enuresis can be in children or in adults<br>(as persistent primary enuresis and secondary adult-onset<br>enuresis).",""],["Epididymitis",1732,0.0,"D004823","C12.100.500.199",0,"Description: Inflammation of the EPIDIDYMIS. Its clinical<br>features include enlarged epididymis, a swollen SCROTUM; PAIN;<br>PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the<br>URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS through<br>either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.",""],["Epididymitis",1732,0.0,"D004823","C12.200.294.199",0,"Description: Inflammation of the EPIDIDYMIS. Its clinical<br>features include enlarged epididymis, a swollen SCROTUM; PAIN;<br>PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the<br>URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS through<br>either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.",""],["Epispadias",697,0.0,"D004842","C12.200.706.374",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is above its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the top or the<br>side of the PENIS, but the urethra can also be open the entire<br>length of the penis. In the female, the malformed urethral<br>opening is often between the CLITORIS and the labia, or in the<br>ABDOMEN.",""],["Epispadias",697,0.0,"D004842","C12.950.767.374",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is above its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the top or the<br>side of the PENIS, but the urethra can also be open the entire<br>length of the penis. In the female, the malformed urethral<br>opening is often between the CLITORIS and the labia, or in the<br>ABDOMEN.",""],["Fallopian Tube Neoplasms",2929,0.0,"D005185","C12.900.418.365",0,"Description: Benign or malignant neoplasms of the FALLOPIAN<br>TUBES. They are uncommon. If they develop, they may be located in<br>the wall or within the lumen as a growth attached to the wall by<br>a stalk.",""],["Fetal Death",14048,0.0,"D005313","C12.050.703.223",2,"Description: Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a<br>dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.",""],["Diabetes, Gestational",14726,0.0,"D016640","C12.050.703.170",1,"Description: Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved<br>at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed<br>diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS).<br>Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when<br>insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN<br>RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA.",""],["Pregnancy in Diabetics",10605,0.0,"D011254","C12.050.703.726",1,"Description: The state of PREGNANCY in women with DIABETES<br>MELLITUS. This does not include either symptomatic diabetes or<br>GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE induced by pregnancy (DIABETES, GESTATIONAL)<br>which resolves at the end of pregnancy.",""],["Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development",10530,0.0,"D058533","C12.800.316.795",4,"Description: Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development<br>associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including<br>MONOSOMY; TRISOMY; and MOSAICISM.",""],["Genital Neoplasms, Male",185038,0.5,"D005834","C12.100.500.260",7,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the MALE GENITALIA.",""],["Genital Neoplasms, Male",185038,0.5,"D005834","C12.200.294.260",7,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the MALE GENITALIA.",""],["Genital Neoplasms, Male",185038,0.5,"D005834","C12.200.758.409",7,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the MALE GENITALIA.",""],["Glycosuria",2137,0.0,"D006029","C12.950.934.363",1,"Description: The appearance of an abnormally large amount of<br>GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It<br>can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal<br>reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA).",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis",9832,0.0,"D006059","C12.800.316.309",6,"Description: A number of syndromes with defective gonadal<br>developments such as streak GONADS and dysgenetic testes or<br>ovaries. The spectrum of gonadal and sexual abnormalities is<br>reflected in their varied sex chromosome (SEX CHROMOSOMES)<br>constitution as shown by the karyotypes of 45,X monosomy (TURNER<br>SYNDROME); 46,XX (GONADAL DYSGENESIS, 46XX); 46,XY (GONADAL<br>DYSGENESIS, 46,XY); and sex chromosome MOSAICISM; (GONADAL<br>DYSGENESIS, MIXED). Their phenotypes range from female, through<br>ambiguous, to male. This concept includes gonadal agenesis.",""],["Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY",4074,0.0,"D058490","C12.800.316.096",7,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals with a male<br>karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical<br>sex is atypical.",""],["Gynatresia",292,0.0,"D006175","C12.100.250.320",0,"Description: Absence of a normal opening in the lumen of the<br>female genital tract, from the FALLOPIAN TUBES to the VAGINA.<br>This anomaly may be congenital or acquired due to injuries,<br>diseases, or TISSUE ADHESIONS.",""],["Hematocele",118,0.0,"D006398","C12.100.500.287",0,"Description: Hemorrhage into a canal or cavity of the body, such<br>as the space covered by the serous membrane (tunica vaginalis)<br>around the TESTIS leading to testicular hematocele or scrotal<br>hematocele.",""],["Hematocele",118,0.0,"D006398","C12.200.294.287",0,"Description: Hemorrhage into a canal or cavity of the body, such<br>as the space covered by the serous membrane (tunica vaginalis)<br>around the TESTIS leading to testicular hematocele or scrotal<br>hematocele.",""],["Hematuria",6320,0.0,"D006417","C12.950.934.442",0,"Description: Presence of blood in the urine.",""],["Uremia",19446,0.0,"D014511","C12.950.419.936",3,"Description: A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of<br>renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually<br>the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end<br>products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or<br>CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions<br>with a constellation of symptoms.",""],["Hepatorenal Syndrome",1391,0.0,"D006530","C12.950.419.291",0,"Description: Functional KIDNEY FAILURE in patients with liver<br>disease, usually LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension<br>(HYPERTENSION, PORTAL), and in the absence of intrinsic renal<br>disease or kidney abnormality. It is characterized by intense<br>renal vasculature constriction, reduced renal blood flow,<br>OLIGURIA, and sodium retention.",""],["Herpes Genitalis",4314,0.0,"D006558","C12.100.250.342",0,"Description: Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES<br>SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.",""],["Herpes Genitalis",4314,0.0,"D006558","C12.100.500.329",0,"Description: Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES<br>SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.",""],["Herpes Genitalis",4314,0.0,"D006558","C12.200.294.329",0,"Description: Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES<br>SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.",""],["Pemphigoid Gestationis",485,0.0,"D006559","C12.050.703.570",0,"Description: An itching, autoimmune, bullous SKIN disease that<br>occurs during the last two trimesters of PREGNANCY and<br>PUERPERIUM. It also affects non-pregnant females with tissue of<br>PLACENTA origin, such as CHORIOCARCINOMA; or HYDATIDIFORM MOLE.<br>It exhibits antigenic and clinical similarity to bullous<br>pemphigoid (PEMPHIGOID, BULLOUS). This disease does not involve<br>herpes viruses (old name, herpes gestationis).",""],["Polyhydramnios",1089,0.0,"D006831","C12.050.703.610",0,"Description: A condition of abnormally high AMNIOTIC FLUID<br>volume, such as greater than 2,000 ml in the LAST TRIMESTER and<br>usually diagnosed by ultrasonographic criteria (AMNIOTIC FLUID<br>INDEX). It is associated with maternal DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>MULTIPLE PREGNANCY; CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERS; and congenital<br>abnormalities.",""],["Testicular Hydrocele",1357,0.0,"D006848","C12.100.500.882",0,"Description: Accumulation of serous fluid between the layers of<br>membrane (tunica vaginalis) covering the TESTIS in the SCROTUM.",""],["Testicular Hydrocele",1357,0.0,"D006848","C12.200.294.882",0,"Description: Accumulation of serous fluid between the layers of<br>membrane (tunica vaginalis) covering the TESTIS in the SCROTUM.",""],["Hydronephrosis",7228,0.0,"D006869","C12.950.419.307",1,"Description: Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to<br>dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often<br>associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney<br>diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY<br>BLADDER.",""],["Morning Sickness",1771,0.0,"D048968","C12.050.703.407",1,"Description: Symptoms of NAUSEA and VOMITING in pregnant women<br>that usually occur in the morning during the first 2 to 3 months<br>of PREGNANCY. Severe persistent vomiting during pregnancy is<br>called HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM.",""],["Hyperoxaluria",1946,0.0,"D006959","C12.950.419.313",1,"Description: Excretion of an excessive amount of OXALATES in the<br>urine.",""],["Hypertension, Renal",15626,0.0,"D006977","C12.950.419.331",1,"Description: Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY<br>DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal<br>vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.",""],["Hypospadias",4681,0.0,"D007021","C12.200.706.516",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is below its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the ventral<br>surface of the PENIS or on the PERINEUM. In the female, the<br>malformed urethral opening is in the VAGINA.",""],["Erectile Dysfunction",17952,0.0,"D007172","C12.100.500.214",1,"Description: The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION<br>due to psychological or organ dysfunction.",""],["Erectile Dysfunction",17952,0.0,"D007172","C12.100.875.486",1,"Description: The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION<br>due to psychological or organ dysfunction.",""],["Erectile Dysfunction",17952,0.0,"D007172","C12.200.294.214",1,"Description: The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION<br>due to psychological or organ dysfunction.",""],["Infertility, Female",23217,0.1,"D007247","C12.100.250.498",0,"Description: Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve<br>conception.",""],["Infertility, Female",23217,0.1,"D007247","C12.100.750.350",0,"Description: Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve<br>conception.",""],["Kidney Cortex Necrosis",622,0.0,"D007673","C12.950.419.393",0,"Description: Death of cells in the KIDNEY CORTEX, a common final<br>result of various renal injuries including HYPOXIA; ISCHEMIA; and<br>drug toxicity.",""],["Renal Insufficiency",173111,0.4,"D051437","C12.950.419.780",6,"Description: Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the<br>normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE,<br>and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM<br>metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree<br>of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and<br>reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.",""],["Kidney Papillary Necrosis",779,0.0,"D007681","C12.950.419.493",0,"Description: A complication of kidney diseases characterized by<br>cell death involving KIDNEY PAPILLA in the KIDNEY MEDULLA.<br>Damages to this area may hinder the kidney to concentrate urine<br>resulting in POLYURIA. Sloughed off necrotic tissue may block<br>KIDNEY PELVIS or URETER. Necrosis of multiple renal papillae can<br>lead to KIDNEY FAILURE.",""],["Kidney Diseases, Cystic",15376,0.0,"D052177","C12.950.419.403",5,"Description: A heterogeneous group of hereditary and acquired<br>disorders in which the KIDNEY contains one or more CYSTS<br>unilaterally or bilaterally (KIDNEY, CYSTIC).",""],["Testicular Neoplasms",26879,0.1,"D013736","C12.900.619.937",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors<br>(GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular<br>neoplasms.",""],["Nephritis, Hereditary",1911,0.0,"D009394","C12.200.706.742",0,"Description: A group of inherited conditions characterized<br>initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome<br>(hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by<br>mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Nephrocalcinosis",1622,0.0,"D009397","C12.950.419.590",0,"Description: A condition characterized by calcification of the<br>renal tissue itself. It is usually seen in distal RENAL TUBULAR<br>ACIDOSIS with calcium deposition in the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULES and<br>the surrounding interstitium. Nephrocalcinosis causes RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Nephrosclerosis",1152,0.0,"D009400","C12.950.419.610",0,"Description: Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by<br>fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by<br>renovascular diseases or chronic HYPERTENSION. Nephrosclerosis<br>leads to renal ISCHEMIA.",""],["Nephrosis",19092,0.0,"D009401","C12.950.419.630",2,"Description: Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without<br>inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary<br>disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is<br>characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence<br>of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA.",""],["Oliguria",654,0.0,"D009846","C12.950.934.600",0,"Description: Decreased URINE output that is below the normal<br>range. Oliguria can be defined as urine output of less than or<br>equal to 0.5 or 1 ml/kg/hr depending on the age.",""],["Penile Neoplasms",5697,0.0,"D010412","C12.900.619.500",0,"Description: Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component<br>tissues.",""],["Perinephritis",193,0.0,"D010501","C12.950.419.685",0,"Description: Inflammation of the connective and adipose tissues<br>surrounding the KIDNEY.",""],["Polyuria",1168,0.0,"D011141","C12.950.934.616",0,"Description: Urination of a large volume of urine with an<br>increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes<br>(DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS).",""],["Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic",8442,0.0,"D011250","C12.050.703.667",0,"Description: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a blood disease<br>(HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES) which involves BLOOD CELLS or COAGULATION<br>FACTORS. The hematologic disease may precede or follow<br>FERTILIZATION and it may or may not have a deleterious effect on<br>the pregnant woman or FETUS.",""],["Pregnancy, Ectopic",15560,0.0,"D011271","C12.050.703.733",7,"Description: A potentially life-threatening condition in which<br>EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs outside the cavity of the UTERUS. Most<br>ectopic pregnancies (>96%) occur in the FALLOPIAN TUBES, known as<br>TUBAL PREGNANCY. They can be in other locations, such as UTERINE<br>CERVIX; OVARY; and abdominal cavity (PREGNANCY, ABDOMINAL).",""],["Pregnancy, Prolonged",2027,0.0,"D011273","C12.050.703.805",0,"Description: A term used to describe pregnancies that exceed the<br>upper limit of a normal gestational period. In humans, a<br>prolonged pregnancy is defined as one that extends beyond 42<br>weeks (294 days) after the first day of the last menstrual period<br>(MENSTRUATION), or birth with gestational age of 41 weeks or<br>more.",""],["Prenatal Injuries",25842,0.1,"D049188","C12.050.703.824",1,"Description: Damages to the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN or the FETUS before<br>BIRTH. Damages can be caused by any factors including biological,<br>chemical, or physical.",""],["Prostatic Diseases",177531,0.4,"D011469","C12.100.500.565",4,"Description: Pathological processes involving the PROSTATE or its<br>component tissues.",""],["Prostatic Diseases",177531,0.4,"D011469","C12.200.294.565",4,"Description: Pathological processes involving the PROSTATE or its<br>component tissues.",""],["Prostatic Neoplasms",149742,0.4,"D011471","C12.900.619.750",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.",""],["Pyuria",585,0.0,"D011776","C12.950.892.719",0,"Description: The presence of white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) in<br>the urine. It is often associated with bacterial infections of<br>the urinary tract. Pyuria without BACTERIURIA can be caused by<br>TUBERCULOSIS, stones, or cancer.",""],["Renal Artery Obstruction",8280,0.0,"D012078","C12.950.419.775",0,"Description: Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or<br>arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR<br>DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The<br>reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension<br>(HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).",""],["Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder",2928,0.0,"D012080","C12.950.419.795",0,"Description: Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development<br>due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3<br>synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative<br>feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.",""],["Schistosomiasis haematobia",2506,0.0,"D012553","C12.950.892.775",0,"Description: A human disease caused by the infection of parasitic<br>worms SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM. It is endemic in AFRICA and parts<br>of the MIDDLE EAST. Tissue damages most often occur in the<br>URINARY TRACT, specifically the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Spermatic Cord Torsion",2628,0.0,"D013086","C12.100.500.693",0,"Description: The twisting of the SPERMATIC CORD due to an<br>anatomical abnormality that left the TESTIS mobile and dangling<br>in the SCROTUM. The initial effect of testicular torsion is<br>obstruction of venous return. Depending on the duration and<br>degree of cord rotation, testicular symptoms range from EDEMA to<br>interrupted arterial flow and testicular pain. If blood flow to<br>testis is absent for 4 to 6 h, SPERMATOGENESIS may be permanently<br>lost.",""],["Spermatic Cord Torsion",2628,0.0,"D013086","C12.200.294.693",0,"Description: The twisting of the SPERMATIC CORD due to an<br>anatomical abnormality that left the TESTIS mobile and dangling<br>in the SCROTUM. The initial effect of testicular torsion is<br>obstruction of venous return. Depending on the duration and<br>degree of cord rotation, testicular symptoms range from EDEMA to<br>interrupted arterial flow and testicular pain. If blood flow to<br>testis is absent for 4 to 6 h, SPERMATOGENESIS may be permanently<br>lost.",""],["Spermatocele",165,0.0,"D013088","C12.100.500.731",0,"Description: A cystic dilation of the EPIDIDYMIS, usually in the<br>head portion (caput epididymis). The cyst fluid contains dead<br>SPERMATOZOA and can be easily differentiated from TESTICULAR<br>HYDROCELE and other testicular lesions.",""],["Spermatocele",165,0.0,"D013088","C12.200.294.731",0,"Description: A cystic dilation of the EPIDIDYMIS, usually in the<br>head portion (caput epididymis). The cyst fluid contains dead<br>SPERMATOZOA and can be easily differentiated from TESTICULAR<br>HYDROCELE and other testicular lesions.",""],["Tuberculosis, Urogenital",6902,0.0,"D014401","C12.050.351.750",2,"Description: A general term for MYCOBACTERIUM infections of any<br>part of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.",""],["Tuberculosis, Female Genital",2278,0.0,"D014384","C12.100.250.758",0,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the female reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Tuberculosis, Male Genital",699,0.0,"D014389","C12.100.500.909",0,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the male reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA, MALE).",""],["Tuberculosis, Male Genital",699,0.0,"D014389","C12.200.294.909",0,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the male reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA, MALE).",""],["Tuberculosis, Male Genital",699,0.0,"D014389","C12.200.672.721",0,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the male reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA, MALE).",""],["Tuberculosis, Renal",2295,0.0,"D014398","C12.200.672.847",0,"Description: Infection of the KIDNEY with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM.",""],["Tuberculosis, Renal",2295,0.0,"D014398","C12.950.419.912",0,"Description: Infection of the KIDNEY with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM.",""],["Ureteral Diseases",28312,0.1,"D014515","C12.200.777.725",5,"Description: Pathological processes involving the URETERS.",""],["Ureterolithiasis",6541,0.0,"D053039","C12.950.725.938",1,"Description: Formation of stones in the URETER.",""],["Ureterolithiasis",6541,0.0,"D053039","C12.950.967.374",1,"Description: Formation of stones in the URETER.",""],["Ureteral Neoplasms",4759,0.0,"D014516","C12.900.820.875",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETER which may cause<br>obstruction leading to hydroureter, HYDRONEPHROSIS, and<br>PYELONEPHRITIS. HEMATURIA is a common symptom.",""],["Ureteral Neoplasms",4759,0.0,"D014516","C12.950.725.676",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETER which may cause<br>obstruction leading to hydroureter, HYDRONEPHROSIS, and<br>PYELONEPHRITIS. HEMATURIA is a common symptom.",""],["Ureteral Neoplasms",4759,0.0,"D014516","C12.950.983.875",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETER which may cause<br>obstruction leading to hydroureter, HYDRONEPHROSIS, and<br>PYELONEPHRITIS. HEMATURIA is a common symptom.",""],["Ureteral Obstruction",11410,0.0,"D014517","C12.950.725.776",0,"Description: Blockage in any part of the URETER causing<br>obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER.<br>The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral,<br>bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the<br>degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary<br>greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy.",""],["Ureterocele",1143,0.0,"D014518","C12.950.725.876",0,"Description: A cystic dilatation of the end of a URETER as it<br>enters into the URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by the<br>ballooning of the ureteral orifice into the lumen of the bladder<br>and may obstruct urine flow.",""],["Urethral Neoplasms",2529,0.0,"D014523","C12.900.820.890",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETHRA. Benign epithelial<br>tumors of the urethra usually consist of squamous and<br>transitional cells. Primary urethral carcinomas are rare and<br>typically of squamous cells. Urethral carcinoma is the only<br>urological malignancy that is more common in females than in<br>males.",""],["Urethral Neoplasms",2529,0.0,"D014523","C12.950.767.601",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETHRA. Benign epithelial<br>tumors of the urethra usually consist of squamous and<br>transitional cells. Primary urethral carcinomas are rare and<br>typically of squamous cells. Urethral carcinoma is the only<br>urological malignancy that is more common in females than in<br>males.",""],["Urethral Neoplasms",2529,0.0,"D014523","C12.950.983.890",0,"Description: Cancer or tumors of the URETHRA. Benign epithelial<br>tumors of the urethra usually consist of squamous and<br>transitional cells. Primary urethral carcinomas are rare and<br>typically of squamous cells. Urethral carcinoma is the only<br>urological malignancy that is more common in females than in<br>males.",""],["Urethritis",3565,0.0,"D014526","C12.950.767.851",0,"Description: Inflammation involving the URETHRA. Similar to<br>CYSTITIS, clinical symptoms range from vague discomfort to<br>painful urination (DYSURIA), urethral discharge, or both.",""],["Urinary Incontinence",30973,0.1,"D014549","C12.950.934.814",2,"Description: Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine.<br>It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes.<br>Major types of incontinence include URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE and<br>URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE.",""],["Vaginal Neoplasms",4496,0.0,"D014625","C12.900.418.937",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the VAGINA.",""],["Varicocele",4505,0.0,"D014646","C12.100.500.936",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the dilated tortuous<br>veins of the SPERMATIC CORD with a marked left-sided<br>predominance. Adverse effect on male fertility occurs when<br>varicocele leads to an increased scrotal (and testicular)<br>temperature and reduced testicular volume.",""],["Varicocele",4505,0.0,"D014646","C12.200.294.936",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the dilated tortuous<br>veins of the SPERMATIC CORD with a marked left-sided<br>predominance. Adverse effect on male fertility occurs when<br>varicocele leads to an increased scrotal (and testicular)<br>temperature and reduced testicular volume.",""],["Vesico-Ureteral Reflux",6812,0.0,"D014718","C12.950.829.920",0,"Description: Retrograde flow of urine from the URINARY BLADDER<br>into the URETER. This is often due to incompetence of the<br>vesicoureteral valve leading to ascending bacterial infection<br>into the KIDNEY.",""],["Vulvar Neoplasms",8196,0.0,"D014846","C12.900.418.968",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the VULVA.",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C12.950.419.978",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Urinary Retention",3802,0.0,"D016055","C12.950.934.880",0,"Description: Inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER with voiding<br>(URINATION).",""],["Oligohydramnios",777,0.0,"D016104","C12.050.703.560",0,"Description: A condition of abnormally low AMNIOTIC FLUID volume.<br>Principal causes include malformations of fetal URINARY TRACT;<br>FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION; GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION; nicotine<br>poisoning; and PROLONGED PREGNANCY.",""],["AIDS-Associated Nephropathy",827,0.0,"D016263","C12.950.419.050",0,"Description: Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-<br>infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe<br>proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with<br>distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys,<br>and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct<br>from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of<br>kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.",""],["Phenylketonuria, Maternal",141,0.0,"D017042","C12.050.703.575",0,"Description: A condition occurring in untreated or partially<br>treated females with PHENYLKETONURIA when they become pregnant.<br>This may result in damages to the FETUS, including MICROCEPHALY;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; congenital heart disease; FETAL GROWTH<br>RETARDATION; and CRANIOFACIAL ABNORMALITIES. (From Am J Med Genet<br>1997 Mar 3;69(1):89-95)",""],["46, XX Disorders of Sex Development",2484,0.0,"D058489","C12.800.316.064",3,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals with a female<br>karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical<br>sex is atypical.",""],["Fournier Gangrene",1145,0.0,"D018934","C12.100.500.229",0,"Description: An acute necrotic infection of the SCROTUM; PENIS;<br>or PERINEUM. It is characterized by scrotum pain and redness with<br>rapid progression to gangrene and sloughing of tissue. Fournier<br>gangrene is usually secondary to perirectal or periurethral<br>infections associated with local trauma, operative procedures, or<br>urinary tract disease.",""],["Fournier Gangrene",1145,0.0,"D018934","C12.200.294.229",0,"Description: An acute necrotic infection of the SCROTUM; PENIS;<br>or PERINEUM. It is characterized by scrotum pain and redness with<br>rapid progression to gangrene and sloughing of tissue. Fournier<br>gangrene is usually secondary to perirectal or periurethral<br>infections associated with local trauma, operative procedures, or<br>urinary tract disease.",""],["Chorea Gravidarum",43,0.0,"D020150","C12.050.703.141",0,"Description: A rare movement disorder developed during PREGNANCY,<br>characterized by involuntary jerky motion (CHOREA) and inability<br>to maintain stable position of body parts (ATHETOSIS). RHEUMATIC<br>FEVER and collagen vascular disorders are frequently associated<br>with this disease. Chorea may vary from mild to severe and occurs<br>in approximately 1 per 2,000 to 3,000 pregnancies. (From Md Med J<br>1997 Sep;46(8):436-9)",""],["Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney",525,0.0,"D021782","C12.200.706.629",0,"Description: A nongenetic defect due to malformation of the<br>KIDNEY which appears as a bunch of grapes with multiple renal<br>cysts but lacking the normal renal bean shape, and the collection<br>drainage system. This condition can be detected in-utero with<br>ULTRASONOGRAPHY.",""],["Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development",289,0.0,"D050090","C12.800.316.343",0,"Description: Conditions of sexual ambiguity in which the<br>individual possesses gonadal tissues of both sexes, tissues from<br>the OVARY and the TESTIS. There can be a testis on one side and<br>an ovary on the other (lateral), or there may be combined ovarian<br>and testicular tissue (ovotestes) on each side (bilateral). The<br>karyotype may be 46,XX; 46,XY; or a mosaic of 46,XX/46,XY. These<br>disorders have historically been called true hermaphroditism.",""],["Hemospermia",173,0.0,"D051516","C12.100.500.293",0,"Description: Blood in the SEMEN, usually due to INFLAMMATION of<br>the PROSTATE, the SEMINAL VESICLES, or both.",""],["Hemospermia",173,0.0,"D051516","C12.200.294.293",0,"Description: Blood in the SEMEN, usually due to INFLAMMATION of<br>the PROSTATE, the SEMINAL VESICLES, or both.",""],["Vaginismus",170,0.0,"D052065","C12.100.250.919",0,"Description: Recurrent or persistent involuntary SPASM of the<br>outer muscles of the VAGINA, occurring during vaginal<br>penetration.",""],["Vaginismus",170,0.0,"D052065","C12.100.875.871",0,"Description: Recurrent or persistent involuntary SPASM of the<br>outer muscles of the VAGINA, occurring during vaginal<br>penetration.",""],["Cystocele",470,0.0,"D052858","C12.950.829.508",0,"Description: A HERNIA-like condition in which the weakened pelvic<br>muscles cause the URINARY BLADDER to drop from its normal<br>position. Fallen urinary bladder is more common in females with<br>the bladder dropping into the VAGINA and less common in males<br>with the bladder dropping into the SCROTUM.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Overactive",5421,0.0,"D053201","C12.950.829.813",0,"Description: Symptom of overactive detrusor muscle of the URINARY<br>BLADDER that contracts with abnormally high frequency and<br>urgency. Overactive bladder is characterized by the frequent<br>feeling of needing to urinate during the day, during the night,<br>or both. URINARY INCONTINENCE may or may not be present.",""],["Nuchal Cord",101,0.0,"D053589","C12.050.703.413",0,"Description: A complication of pregnancy in which the UMBILICAL<br>CORD wraps around the fetal neck once or multiple times. In some<br>cases, cord entanglement around fetal neck may not affect<br>pregnancy outcome significantly. In others, the nuchal cord may<br>lead to restricted fetal blood flow, oxygen transport, fetal<br>development, fetal movement, and complicated delivery at birth.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C12.200.706.410",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["Renal Nutcracker Syndrome",272,0.0,"D059228","C12.950.419.787",0,"Description: Left RENAL VEIN compression between the AORTA,<br>ABDOMINAL and the SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY. Variable symptoms<br>include HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR; HEMATURIA; and VARICOSE<br>VEINS.",""],["Pelvic Floor Disorders",1080,0.0,"D059952","C12.050.351.625",0,"Description: Injury, weakening, or PROLAPSE of the pelvic<br>muscles, surrounding connective tissues or ligaments (PELVIC<br>FLOOR).",""],["Pelvic Floor Disorders",1080,0.0,"D059952","C12.050.703.565",0,"Description: Injury, weakening, or PROLAPSE of the pelvic<br>muscles, surrounding connective tissues or ligaments (PELVIC<br>FLOOR).",""],["Reproductive Tract Infections",566,0.0,"D060737","C12.100.250.630",0,"Description: Infections of the genital tract in females or males.<br>They can be caused by endogenous, iatrogenic, or sexually<br>transmitted organisms.",""],["Reproductive Tract Infections",566,0.0,"D060737","C12.100.500.604",0,"Description: Infections of the genital tract in females or males.<br>They can be caused by endogenous, iatrogenic, or sexually<br>transmitted organisms.",""],["Reproductive Tract Infections",566,0.0,"D060737","C12.200.294.604",0,"Description: Infections of the genital tract in females or males.<br>They can be caused by endogenous, iatrogenic, or sexually<br>transmitted organisms.",""],["Premature Ejaculation",664,0.0,"D061686","C12.100.500.530",0,"Description: The emission of SEMEN and seminal fluid during the<br>act of preparation for sexual intercourse, i.e. before there is<br>penetration, or shortly after penetration.",""],["Premature Ejaculation",664,0.0,"D061686","C12.100.875.743",0,"Description: The emission of SEMEN and seminal fluid during the<br>act of preparation for sexual intercourse, i.e. before there is<br>penetration, or shortly after penetration.",""],["Premature Ejaculation",664,0.0,"D061686","C12.200.294.530",0,"Description: The emission of SEMEN and seminal fluid during the<br>act of preparation for sexual intercourse, i.e. before there is<br>penetration, or shortly after penetration.",""],["Maternal Death",760,0.0,"D063130","C12.050.703.401",0,"Description: The death of the female parent.",""],["Retrocaval Ureter",129,0.0,"D064749","C12.200.706.811",0,"Description: A rare congenital abnormality resulting in the<br>URETER passing dorsal to and being obstructed by the INFERIOR<br>VENA CAVA.",""],["Perinatal Death",1254,0.0,"D066087","C12.050.703.572",0,"Description: The death of a FETUS of GESTATIONAL AGE 28 weeks or<br>more, or the death of a live-born INFANT less than 28 days of<br>age.",""],["Pregnancy Complications",485430,1.2,"D011248","C12.050.703",105,"Description: Conditions or pathological processes associated with<br>pregnancy. They can occur during or after pregnancy, and range<br>from minor discomforts to serious diseases that require medical<br>interventions. They include diseases in pregnant females, and<br>pregnancies in females with diseases.",""],["Female Urogenital Diseases",2025839,5.0,"D052776","C12.050.351",313,"Description: Pathological processes of the female URINARY TRACT<br>and the reproductive system (GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Urogenital Abnormalities",70305,0.2,"D014564","C12.200.706",41,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the<br>UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.",""],["Fused Kidney",184,0.0,"D000069337","C12.800.445",0,"Description: Congenital fusion of two kidneys.",""],["Urologic Diseases",962375,2.4,"D014570","C12.200.777",145,"Description: Pathological processes of the URINARY TRACT in both<br>males and females.",""],["Kidney Diseases",610236,1.5,"D007674","C12.950.419",85,"Description: Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its<br>component tissues.",""],["Urolithiasis",65172,0.2,"D052878","C12.950.967",10,"Description: Formation of stones in any part of the URINARY<br>TRACT, usually in the KIDNEY; URINARY BLADDER; or the URETER.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases",386737,1.0,"D012749","C12.100.937",22,"Description: Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.",""],["Genital Diseases, Male",463660,1.1,"D005832","C12.100.500",47,"Description: Pathological processes involving the male<br>reproductive tract (GENITALIA, MALE).",""],["Infertility",61632,0.2,"D007246","C12.100.750",8,"Description: A reduced or absent capacity to reproduce.",""],["Genital Diseases, Male",463660,1.1,"D005832","C12.200.294",47,"Description: Pathological processes involving the male<br>reproductive tract (GENITALIA, MALE).",""],["Solitary Kidney",183,0.0,"D000075529","C12.800.846",0,"Description: Either a single or a single functioning kidney due<br>to NEPHRECTOMY, birth defects or other kidney diseases.",""],["Genital Diseases, Female",526564,1.3,"D005831","C12.100.250",88,"Description: Pathological processes involving the female<br>reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Genital Neoplasms, Female",265565,0.7,"D005833","C12.900.418",19,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the female reproductive tract<br>(GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Urinary Bladder Diseases",106880,0.3,"D001745","C12.950.829",14,"Description: Pathological processes of the URINARY BLADDER.",""],["Disorders of Sex Development",44266,0.1,"D012734","C12.800.316",28,"Description: In gonochoristic organisms, congenital conditions in<br>which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is<br>atypical. Effects from exposure to abnormal levels of GONADAL<br>HORMONES in the maternal environment, or disruption of the<br>function of those hormones by ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS are included.",""],["Urination Disorders",81637,0.2,"D014555","C12.950.934",16,"Description: Abnormalities in the process of URINE voiding,<br>including bladder control, frequency of URINATION, as well as the<br>volume and composition of URINE.",""],["Urinary Tract Infections",39739,0.1,"D014552","C12.950.892",3,"Description: Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the<br>URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial<br>infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.",""],["Bladder Exstrophy",2033,0.0,"D001746","C12.800.132",0,"Description: A birth defect in which the URINARY BLADDER is<br>malformed and exposed, inside out, and protruded through the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL. It is caused by closure defects involving the top<br>front surface of the bladder, as well as the lower abdominal<br>wall; SKIN; MUSCLES; and the pubic bone.",""],["Urinary Fistula",4804,0.0,"D014548","C12.800.881",1,"Description: An abnormal passage in any part of the URINARY TRACT<br>between itself or with other organs.",""],["Urethral Diseases",21256,0.1,"D014522","C12.950.767",6,"Description: Pathological processes involving the URETHRA.",""],["Urogenital Neoplasms",378845,0.9,"D014565","C12.200.758",18,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either<br>the male or the female.",""],["Urologic Neoplasms",190784,0.5,"D014571","C12.900.820",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY TRACT in either the<br>male or the female.",""],["Urologic Neoplasms",190784,0.5,"D014571","C12.950.983",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the URINARY TRACT in either the<br>male or the female.",""],["Cryptorchidism",7115,0.0,"D003456","C12.800.258",0,"Description: A developmental defect in which a TESTIS or both<br>TESTES failed to descend from high in the ABDOMEN to the bottom<br>of the SCROTUM. Testicular descent is essential to normal<br>SPERMATOGENESIS which requires temperature lower than the BODY<br>TEMPERATURE. Cryptorchidism can be subclassified by the location<br>of the maldescended testis.",""],["Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological",28543,0.1,"D012735","C12.100.875",5,"Description: Physiological disturbances in normal sexual<br>performance in either the male or the female.",""],["Epispadias",697,0.0,"D004842","C12.800.374",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is above its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the top or the<br>side of the PENIS, but the urethra can also be open the entire<br>length of the penis. In the female, the malformed urethral<br>opening is often between the CLITORIS and the labia, or in the<br>ABDOMEN.",""],["Genital Neoplasms, Male",185038,0.5,"D005834","C12.900.619",7,"Description: Tumor or cancer of the MALE GENITALIA.",""],["Hypospadias",4681,0.0,"D007021","C12.800.516",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is below its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the ventral<br>surface of the PENIS or on the PERINEUM. In the female, the<br>malformed urethral opening is in the VAGINA.",""],["Nephritis, Hereditary",1911,0.0,"D009394","C12.800.742",0,"Description: A group of inherited conditions characterized<br>initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome<br>(hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by<br>mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Tuberculosis, Female Genital",2278,0.0,"D014384","C12.600.940",0,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the female reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).",""],["Tuberculosis, Urogenital",5323,0.0,"D014401","C12.200.672",2,"Description: A general term for MYCOBACTERIUM infections of any<br>part of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.",""],["Tuberculosis, Male Genital",699,0.0,"D014389","C12.600.955",0,"Description: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the male reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA, MALE).",""],["Tuberculosis, Renal",2295,0.0,"D014398","C12.600.970",0,"Description: Infection of the KIDNEY with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM.",""],["Ureteral Diseases",28312,0.1,"D014515","C12.950.725",5,"Description: Pathological processes involving the URETERS.",""],["Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney",525,0.0,"D021782","C12.800.629",0,"Description: A nongenetic defect due to malformation of the<br>KIDNEY which appears as a bunch of grapes with multiple renal<br>cysts but lacking the normal renal bean shape, and the collection<br>drainage system. This condition can be detected in-utero with<br>ULTRASONOGRAPHY.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C12.800.410",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["Pelvic Floor Disorders",1080,0.0,"D059952","C12.200.483",0,"Description: Injury, weakening, or PROLAPSE of the pelvic<br>muscles, surrounding connective tissues or ligaments (PELVIC<br>FLOOR).",""],["Retrocaval Ureter",129,0.0,"D064749","C12.800.811",0,"Description: A rare congenital abnormality resulting in the<br>URETER passing dorsal to and being obstructed by the INFERIOR<br>VENA CAVA.",""],["Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications",2511269,6.2,"D005261","C12.050",420,"Description: Pathological processes of the female URINARY TRACT,<br>the reproductive system (GENITALIA, FEMALE), and disorders<br>related to PREGNANCY.",""],["Male Urogenital Diseases",1882998,4.6,"D052801","C12.200",259,"Description: Pathological processes of the male URINARY TRACT and<br>the reproductive system (GENITALIA, MALE).",""],["Urogenital Abnormalities",70305,0.2,"D014564","C12.800",41,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the<br>UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.",""],["Urologic Diseases",1155454,2.8,"D014570","C12.950",156,"Description: Pathological processes of the URINARY TRACT in both<br>males and females.",""],["Genital Diseases",1467141,3.6,"D000091662","C12.100",175,"Description: Pathological processes involving the reproductive<br>tract (GENITALIA).",""],["Urogenital Neoplasms",644410,1.6,"D014565","C12.900",38,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either<br>the male or the female.",""],["Tuberculosis, Urogenital",7601,0.0,"D014401","C12.600",3,"Description: A general term for MYCOBACTERIUM infections of any<br>part of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.",""],["Pelvic Floor Disorders",1080,0.0,"D059952","C12.400",0,"Description: Injury, weakening, or PROLAPSE of the pelvic<br>muscles, surrounding connective tissues or ligaments (PELVIC<br>FLOOR).",""],["Urogenital Diseases",7740272,19.1,"D000091642","C12",1100,"Description: Pathological processes of the URINARY TRACT and the<br>reproductive system (GENITALIA).",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Xanthogranulomatous","Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous","Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal","Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal","Frasier Syndrome","Staghorn Calculi","Staghorn Calculi","Staghorn Calculi","Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial","Balkan Nephropathy","Brenner Tumor","Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal","Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal","Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive","Cystinuria","Glomerulonephritis, IGA","Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental","Granulosa Cell Tumor","Hartnup Disease","Kidney Failure, Chronic","Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute","Lupus Nephritis","Meigs Syndrome","Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","Pyelonephritis","Pyelonephritis","Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous","Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous","Thecoma","Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative","Glomerulonephritis, Membranous","Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant","Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive","WAGR Syndrome","WAGR Syndrome","Endometrial Stromal Tumors","Endometrial Stromal Tumors","Sarcoma, Endometrial 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Syndrome","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Choriocarcinoma, Non-gestational","Sexual Infantilism","Frasier Syndrome","Frasier Syndrome","Pyonephrosis","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Azotemia","Urinary Incontinence, Urge","Nocturnal Enuresis","Diurnal Enuresis","Gitelman Syndrome","Pyelocystitis","Pyelocystitis","Vulvar Vestibulitis","Liddle Syndrome","Dent Disease","46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development","Atrophic Vaginitis","Cardio-Renal Syndrome","Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome","Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome","Atypical Squamous Cells of the Cervix","Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix","Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","Nephrolithiasis","Nephrolithiasis","Urinary Calculi","Kidney Calculi","Kidney Calculi","Kidney Calculi","Staghorn Calculi","Staghorn Calculi","Staghorn Calculi","Acute Retroviral Syndrome","Ovarian Diseases","Ovarian Neoplasms","Ovarian Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder, Underactive","Shoulder Dystocia","Ovarian Torsion","Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors","Acidosis, Renal Tubular","Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","Pelvic Inflammatory Disease","Adrenogenital Syndrome","Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital","AIDS-Related Complex","Proteinuria","Albuminuria","Renal Aminoacidurias","Anovulation","Anuria","Anuria","Bacteriuria","Nephritis","Nephritis, Interstitial","Balkan Nephropathy","Bartter Syndrome","Urinary Bladder Calculi","Urinary Bladder Calculi","Bladder Exstrophy","Urinary Bladder Fistula","Urinary Bladder Fistula","Urethral Obstruction","Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction","Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction","Urinary Bladder Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic","Vaginitis","Vulvitis","Vulvovaginitis","Vulvovaginitis","Kidney Neoplasms","Kidney Neoplasms","Carcinoma, Renal Cell","Carcinoma, Renal Cell","Uterine Cervical Diseases","Uterine Cervicitis","Uterine Cervical Dysplasia","Uterine Cervical Erosion","Uterine Cervical Incompetence","Uterine Cervical Incompetence","Uterine Neoplasms","Uterine Neoplasms","Uterine Cervical Neoplasms","Uterine Cervical Neoplasms","Galactorrhea","Gestational Trophoblastic Disease","Chorioamnionitis","Choriocarcinoma","Cystinuria","Cystitis","Diabetes Insipidus","Diabetic Nephropathies","Endometrial Hyperplasia","Endometritis","Endometritis","Enuresis","Epispadias","Fallopian Tube Diseases","Fallopian Tube Neoplasms","Fallopian Tube Neoplasms","Fanconi Syndrome","Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development","Freemartinism","Glomerulonephritis","Glomerulonephritis, IGA","Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental","Glycosuria","Glycosuria, Renal","Glycosuria, Renal","Gonadal Dysgenesis","Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed","Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed","Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY","Hartnup Disease","Hematocolpos","Hematometra","Hematuria","Hemoglobinuria","Uremia","Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome","Hepatorenal Syndrome","HIV Seropositivity","Hydronephrosis","Hyperoxaluria","Hyperoxaluria, Primary","Hypertension, Renal","Hypertension, Renovascular","Hypophosphatemia, Familial","Kidney Cortex Necrosis","Renal Insufficiency","Renal Insufficiency, Chronic","Kidney Failure, Chronic","Kidney Papillary Necrosis","Acute Kidney Injury","Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute","Kidney Diseases, Cystic","Polycystic Kidney Diseases","Medullary Sponge Kidney","Klinefelter Syndrome","Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus","Vaginal Discharge","Leukorrhea","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Leydig Cell Tumor","Lupus Nephritis","Lymphogranuloma Venereum","Menopause, Premature","Uterine Hemorrhage","Menorrhagia","Metrorrhagia","Nephritis, Hereditary","Wilms Tumor","Wilms Tumor","Nephrocalcinosis","Nephrosclerosis","Nephrosis","Nephrosis, Lipoid","Nephrotic Syndrome","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Oliguria","Oophoritis","Oophoritis","Ovarian Cysts","Parametritis","Paraphimosis","Paraphimosis","Perinephritis","Polyuria","Pruritus Vulvae","Pseudohypoaldosteronism","Pyelitis","Pyelonephritis","Pyelonephritis","Pyuria","Vaginal Fistula","Rectovaginal Fistula","Renal Artery Obstruction","Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder","Salpingitis","Salpingitis","Schistosomiasis haematobia","Sertoli Cell Tumor","Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome","Trichomonas Vaginitis","Tuberculosis, Renal","Turner Syndrome","Turner Syndrome","Ureterolithiasis","Ureterolithiasis","Ureteral Calculi","Ureteral Calculi","Ureteral Calculi","Ureteral Neoplasms","Ureteral Neoplasms","Ureteral Obstruction","Ureterocele","Urethral Neoplasms","Urethral Neoplasms","Urethral Stricture","Urethritis","Urinary Incontinence","Urinary Incontinence, Stress","Uterine Inertia","Uterine Rupture","Uterine Perforation","Uterine Prolapse","Vaginal Neoplasms","Vaginal Neoplasms","Vesico-Ureteral Reflux","Vesicovaginal Fistula","Vulvar Neoplasms","Vulvar Neoplasms","Wolfram Syndrome","Hydrops Fetalis","Zellweger Syndrome","Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative","Glomerulonephritis, Membranous","AIDS Dementia Complex","Urinary Retention","AIDS-Associated Nephropathy","AIDS-Associated Nephropathy","Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome","Vaginosis, Bacterial","Primary Ovarian Insufficiency","Endometrial Neoplasms","Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant","Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive","Kallmann Syndrome","46, XX Disorders of Sex Development","Hyperandrogenism","Hyperandrogenism","WAGR Syndrome","WAGR Syndrome","WAGR Syndrome","WAGR Syndrome","Nephroma, Mesoblastic","Nephroma, Mesoblastic","Endometrial Stromal Tumors","Gonadoblastoma","Gonadoblastoma","Carcinoma, Endometrioid","Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic","Cystitis, Interstitial","HIV Enteropathy","HIV Wasting Syndrome","Uterine Inversion","Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease","Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic","AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System","Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Denys-Drash Syndrome","HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome","Premature Birth","Sexual Infantilism","Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development","Vaginismus","Frasier Syndrome","Hydrocolpos","Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans","Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans","Cystocele","Pyonephrosis","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Azotemia","Urinary Bladder, Overactive","Urinary Incontinence, Urge","Nocturnal Enuresis","Diurnal Enuresis","Gitelman Syndrome","Pyelocystitis","Pyelocystitis","Vulvar Vestibulitis","Pyometra","Vulvodynia","Liddle Syndrome","Dent Disease","46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development","Granulomatous Mastitis","Renal Nutcracker Syndrome","Atrophic Vaginitis","Cardio-Renal Syndrome","Uterine Retroversion","Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor","Adenomyosis","Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant","Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant","Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant","Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant","Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant","Pregnancy, Interstitial","Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","Abortion, Habitual","Abortion, Incomplete","Abortion, Missed","Abortion, Septic","Abortion, Septic","Abortion, Veterinary","Abruptio Placentae","Abruptio Placentae","Fused Kidney","Kidney Diseases","Urolithiasis","Nephrolithiasis","Nephrolithiasis","Urinary Calculi","Kidney Calculi","Kidney Calculi","Kidney Calculi","HIV Infections","Teratozoospermia","Teratozoospermia","Teratozoospermia","Solitary Kidney","Adnexal Diseases","Genital Neoplasms, Female","Ovarian Diseases","Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial","Urinary Bladder Diseases","Urinary Bladder, Underactive","Dystocia","Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors","Acidosis, Renal Tubular","Pelvic Inflammatory Disease","Disorders of Sex Development","Adrenogenital Syndrome","Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital","Urination Disorders","Proteinuria","Albuminuria","Renal Aminoacidurias","Anuria","Anuria","Urinary Tract Infections","Bacteriuria","Balanitis","Balanitis","Nephritis","Nephritis, Interstitial","Bartter Syndrome","Urinary Bladder Calculi","Urinary Bladder Calculi","Bladder Exstrophy","Bladder Exstrophy","Urinary Fistula","Urinary Bladder Fistula","Urinary Bladder Fistula","Urethral Diseases","Urethral Obstruction","Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction","Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction","Urologic Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic","Breech Presentation","Brenner Tumor","Vaginal Diseases","Vulvar Diseases","Vaginitis","Vulvitis","Kidney Neoplasms","Kidney Neoplasms","Carcinoma, Renal Cell","Carcinoma, Renal Cell","Carcinoma, Renal Cell","Uterine Diseases","Uterine Cervical Diseases","Uterine Neoplasms","Uterine Cervical Neoplasms","Chancroid","Lactation Disorders","Chlamydia Infections","Trophoblastic Neoplasms","Chorioamnionitis","Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture","Chorioamnionitis","Condylomata Acuminata","Cryptorchidism","Cryptorchidism","Cystitis","Diabetes Insipidus","Diabetic Nephropathies","Dyspareunia","Eclampsia","Embolism, Amniotic Fluid","Endometrial Hyperplasia","Endometriosis","Endometritis","Enuresis","Epispadias","Epispadias","Erythroblastosis, Fetal","Fallopian Tube Diseases","Fanconi Syndrome","Fetal Hypoxia","Fetal Growth Retardation","Fetal Macrosomia","Fetal Macrosomia","Fetal Macrosomia","Fetal Resorption","Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development","Freemartinism","Glomerulonephritis","Glycosuria","Glycosuria, Renal","Glycosuria, Renal","Gonadal Dysgenesis","Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed","Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed","Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY","Gonorrhea","Granuloma Inguinale","Granulosa Cell Tumor","Gynatresia","Hematocolpos","Hematometra","Hematuria","Hemoglobinuria","Uremia","Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome","Postpartum Hemorrhage","Postpartum Hemorrhage","Hepatorenal Syndrome","Herpes Genitalis","Herpes Genitalis","Hydronephrosis","Hyperemesis Gravidarum","Hyperoxaluria","Hyperoxaluria, Primary","Hypertension, Renal","Hypertension, Renovascular","Hypophosphatemia, Familial","Hypospadias","Hypospadias","Hypospadias","Infertility, Female","Kidney Cortex Necrosis","Renal Insufficiency","Renal Insufficiency, Chronic","Kidney Papillary Necrosis","Acute Kidney Injury","Kidney Diseases, Cystic","Polycystic Kidney Diseases","Medullary Sponge Kidney","Klinefelter Syndrome","Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus","Obstetric Labor, Premature","Vaginal Discharge","Testicular Neoplasms","Testicular Neoplasms","Testicular Neoplasms","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Mastitis","Meconium Aspiration Syndrome","Meigs Syndrome","Uterine Hemorrhage","Nephritis, Hereditary","Nephritis, Hereditary","Wilms Tumor","Wilms Tumor","Wilms Tumor","Nephrocalcinosis","Nephrosclerosis","Nephrosis","Nephrosis, Lipoid","Nephrotic Syndrome","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Oligospermia","Oligospermia","Oligospermia","Oliguria","Orchitis","Orchitis","Phimosis","Phimosis","Penile Induration","Penile Induration","Penile Neoplasms","Penile Neoplasms","Penile Neoplasms","Penile Neoplasms","Penile Neoplasms","Perinephritis","Placenta Accreta","Placenta Accreta","Placenta Previa","Placenta Previa","Placental Insufficiency","Polyuria","Pre-Eclampsia","Pregnancy, Abdominal","Pregnancy, Tubal","Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects","Priapism","Priapism","Prostatic Hyperplasia","Prostatic Hyperplasia","Prostatic Neoplasms","Prostatic Neoplasms","Prostatic Neoplasms","Prostatic Neoplasms","Prostatic Neoplasms","Prostatitis","Prostatitis","Pruritus Vulvae","Pseudohypoaldosteronism","Puerperal Infection","Puerperal Infection","Pyelitis","Pyuria","Vaginal Fistula","Renal Artery Obstruction","Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder","Schistosomiasis haematobia","Syphilis","Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome","Thecoma","Tuberculosis, Female Genital","Tuberculosis, Female Genital","Tuberculosis, Renal","Tuberculosis, Renal","Turner Syndrome","Turner Syndrome","Ureteral Diseases","Ureterolithiasis","Ureterolithiasis","Ureteral Calculi","Ureteral Calculi","Ureteral Calculi","Ureteral Neoplasms","Ureteral Neoplasms","Ureteral Obstruction","Ureterocele","Urethral Neoplasms","Urethral Neoplasms","Urethral Stricture","Urethritis","Urinary Incontinence","Urinary Incontinence, Stress","Uterine Rupture","Uterine Prolapse","Uterine Rupture","Vaginal Neoplasms","Vesico-Ureteral Reflux","Vesicovaginal Fistula","Vulvar Neoplasms","Wolfram Syndrome","Zellweger Syndrome","Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic","Urinary Retention","AIDS-Associated Nephropathy","Endometrial Neoplasms","HELLP Syndrome","Kallmann Syndrome","46, XX Disorders of Sex Development","Hyperandrogenism","Hyperandrogenism","WAGR Syndrome","Nephroma, Mesoblastic","Nephroma, Mesoblastic","Nephroma, Mesoblastic","Carcinoma, Endometrioid","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Luteoma","Placenta, Retained","Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic","Impotence, Vasculogenic","Impotence, Vasculogenic","Impotence, Vasculogenic","Cystitis, Interstitial","Depression, Postpartum","Uterine Inversion","Uterine Inversion","Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic","Embryo Loss","Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney","Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Pubic Symphysis Diastasis","Fetal Nutrition Disorders","Postpartum Thyroiditis","Sexual Infantilism","Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development","Stillbirth","Vaginismus","Vaginismus","Frasier Syndrome","Cephalopelvic Disproportion","Hydrocolpos","Cystocele","Pyonephrosis","Azotemia","Urinary Bladder, Overactive","Urinary Incontinence, Urge","Nocturnal Enuresis","Diurnal Enuresis","Gitelman Syndrome","Asthenozoospermia","Asthenozoospermia","Asthenozoospermia","Pyelocystitis","Azoospermia","Azoospermia","Azoospermia","Aspermia","Aspermia","Aspermia","Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome","Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome","Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome","Pyometra","Vasa Previa","Vulvodynia","Liddle Syndrome","Dent Disease","Fraser Syndrome","46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development","Echogenic Bowel","Pyelectasis","Renal Nutcracker Syndrome","Cardio-Renal Syndrome","Uterine Retroversion","Reproductive Tract Infections","Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome","Adenomyosis","Pregnancy, Heterotopic","Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders","Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant","Retrocaval Ureter","Pregnancy, Angular","Pregnancy, Ovarian","Pregnancy, Cornual","Abortion, Spontaneous","Pregnancy Complications, Infectious","Abortion, Threatened","Obstetric Labor Complications","Placenta Diseases","Urogenital Abnormalities","Fused Kidney","Urologic Diseases","Kidney Diseases","Urolithiasis","Nephrolithiasis","Nephrolithiasis","Urinary Calculi","Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral","Infertility, Male","Infertility, Male","Infertility, Male","Solitary Kidney","Genital Diseases, Female","Urogenital Neoplasms","Adnexal Diseases","Ovarian Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder Diseases","Urinary Bladder, Underactive","Obesity, Maternal","Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors","Disorders of Sex Development","Adrenogenital Syndrome","Urination Disorders","Proteinuria","Anuria","Anuria","Urinary Tract Infections","Bacteriuria","Penile Diseases","Penile Diseases","Nephritis","Urinary Bladder Calculi","Bladder Exstrophy","Bladder Exstrophy","Urinary Fistula","Urinary Bladder Fistula","Urinary Bladder Fistula","Urethral Diseases","Urethral Obstruction","Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction","Urologic Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder Neoplasms","Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic","Vaginal Diseases","Vulvar Diseases","Kidney Neoplasms","Kidney Neoplasms","Kidney Neoplasms","Uterine Diseases","Uterine Neoplasms","Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial","Puerperal Disorders","Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic","Fetal Diseases","Testicular Diseases","Testicular Diseases","Cryptorchidism","Cystitis","Diabetes Insipidus","Diabetic Nephropathies","Dyspareunia","Dyspareunia","Dyspareunia","Dyspareunia","Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced","Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular","Endometriosis","Enuresis","Epididymitis","Epididymitis","Epispadias","Epispadias","Fallopian Tube Neoplasms","Fetal Death","Diabetes, Gestational","Pregnancy in Diabetics","Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development","Genital Neoplasms, Male","Genital Neoplasms, Male","Genital Neoplasms, Male","Glycosuria","Gonadal Dysgenesis","Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY","Gynatresia","Hematocele","Hematocele","Hematuria","Uremia","Hepatorenal Syndrome","Herpes Genitalis","Herpes Genitalis","Herpes Genitalis","Pemphigoid Gestationis","Polyhydramnios","Testicular Hydrocele","Testicular Hydrocele","Hydronephrosis","Morning Sickness","Hyperoxaluria","Hypertension, Renal","Hypospadias","Erectile Dysfunction","Erectile Dysfunction","Erectile Dysfunction","Infertility, Female","Infertility, Female","Kidney Cortex Necrosis","Renal Insufficiency","Kidney Papillary Necrosis","Kidney Diseases, Cystic","Testicular Neoplasms","Nephritis, Hereditary","Nephrocalcinosis","Nephrosclerosis","Nephrosis","Oliguria","Penile Neoplasms","Perinephritis","Polyuria","Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic","Pregnancy, Ectopic","Pregnancy, Prolonged","Prenatal Injuries","Prostatic Diseases","Prostatic Diseases","Prostatic Neoplasms","Pyuria","Renal Artery Obstruction","Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder","Schistosomiasis haematobia","Spermatic Cord Torsion","Spermatic Cord Torsion","Spermatocele","Spermatocele","Tuberculosis, Urogenital","Tuberculosis, Female Genital","Tuberculosis, Male Genital","Tuberculosis, Male Genital","Tuberculosis, Male Genital","Tuberculosis, Renal","Tuberculosis, Renal","Ureteral Diseases","Ureterolithiasis","Ureterolithiasis","Ureteral Neoplasms","Ureteral Neoplasms","Ureteral Neoplasms","Ureteral Obstruction","Ureterocele","Urethral Neoplasms","Urethral Neoplasms","Urethral Neoplasms","Urethritis","Urinary Incontinence","Vaginal Neoplasms","Varicocele","Varicocele","Vesico-Ureteral Reflux","Vulvar Neoplasms","Zellweger Syndrome","Urinary Retention","Oligohydramnios","AIDS-Associated Nephropathy","Phenylketonuria, Maternal","46, XX Disorders of Sex Development","Fournier Gangrene","Fournier Gangrene","Chorea Gravidarum","Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney","Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development","Hemospermia","Hemospermia","Vaginismus","Vaginismus","Cystocele","Urinary Bladder, Overactive","Nuchal Cord","Fraser Syndrome","Renal Nutcracker Syndrome","Pelvic Floor Disorders","Pelvic Floor Disorders","Reproductive Tract Infections","Reproductive Tract Infections","Reproductive Tract Infections","Premature Ejaculation","Premature Ejaculation","Premature Ejaculation","Maternal Death","Retrocaval Ureter","Perinatal Death","Pregnancy Complications","Female Urogenital Diseases","Urogenital Abnormalities","Fused Kidney","Urologic Diseases","Kidney Diseases","Urolithiasis","Sexually Transmitted Diseases","Genital Diseases, Male","Infertility","Genital Diseases, Male","Solitary Kidney","Genital Diseases, Female","Genital Neoplasms, Female","Urinary Bladder Diseases","Disorders of Sex Development","Urination Disorders","Urinary Tract Infections","Bladder Exstrophy","Urinary Fistula","Urethral Diseases","Urogenital Neoplasms","Urologic Neoplasms","Urologic Neoplasms","Cryptorchidism","Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological","Epispadias","Genital Neoplasms, Male","Hypospadias","Nephritis, Hereditary","Tuberculosis, Female Genital","Tuberculosis, Urogenital","Tuberculosis, Male Genital","Tuberculosis, Renal","Ureteral Diseases","Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney","Fraser Syndrome","Pelvic Floor Disorders","Retrocaval Ureter","Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications","Male Urogenital Diseases","Urogenital Abnormalities","Urologic Diseases","Genital Diseases","Urogenital Neoplasms","Tuberculosis, Urogenital","Pelvic Floor Disorders","Urogenital 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Sinus Thrombosis",226,0.0,"D020225","C14.907.355.590.213.350.500.750",0,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS or the inferior sagittal sinus.<br>Sagittal sinus thrombosis can result from infections,<br>hematological disorders, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; and NEUROSURGICAL<br>PROCEDURES. Clinical features are primarily related to the<br>increased intracranial pressure causing HEADACHE; NAUSEA; and<br>VOMITING. Severe cases can evolve to SEIZURES or COMA.",""],["Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis",380,0.0,"D020226","C14.907.355.590.213.350.500.375",0,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the CAVERNOUS SINUS of the brain. Infections of the paranasal<br>sinuses and adjacent structures, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, and<br>THROMBOPHILIA are associated conditions. Clinical manifestations<br>include dysfunction of cranial nerves III, IV, V, and VI, marked<br>periorbital swelling, chemosis, fever, and visual loss. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p711)",""],["Lateral Sinus Thrombosis",197,0.0,"D020227","C14.907.355.590.213.350.500.562",0,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the LATERAL SINUSES. This condition is often associated with ear<br>infections (OTITIS MEDIA or MASTOIDITIS) without antibiotic<br>treatment. In developed nations, lateral sinus thrombosis can<br>result from CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; NEUROSURGICAL<br>PROCEDURES; THROMBOPHILIA; and other conditions. Clinical<br>features include HEADACHE; VERTIGO; and increased intracranial<br>pressure.",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, Familial",706,0.0,"D024741","C14.280.484.048.750.070.160.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited form of HYPERTROPHIC<br>CARDIOMYOPATHY. It results from any of more than 50 mutations<br>involving genes encoding contractile proteins such as VENTRICULAR<br>MYOSINS; cardiac TROPONIN T; ALPHA-TROPOMYOSIN.",""],["Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia",62,0.0,"D000089802","C14.907.137.126.307.500.500",0,"Description: A severe form of peripheral artery disease in which<br>a hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue is caused<br>by occlusion of peripheral arterial vessels. It is associated<br>with the presence of chronic ischemic rest pain, ulceration or<br>GANGRENE.",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic",16147,0.1,"D002312","C14.280.484.048.750.070.160",1,"Description: A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by<br>left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT<br>VENTRICULAR; HYPERTROPHY, RIGHT VENTRICULAR), frequent<br>asymmetrical involvement of the HEART SEPTUM, and normal or<br>reduced left ventricular volume. Risk factors include<br>HYPERTENSION; AORTIC STENOSIS; and gene MUTATION; (FAMILIAL<br>HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY).",""],["Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial",4206,0.0,"D012851","C14.907.355.590.213.350.500",3,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the CRANIAL SINUSES, large endothelium-lined venous channels<br>situated within the SKULL. Intracranial sinuses, also called<br>cranial venous sinuses, include the superior sagittal, cavernous,<br>lateral, petrous sinuses, and many others. Cranial sinus<br>thrombosis can lead to severe HEADACHE; SEIZURE; and other<br>neurological defects.",""],["Lateral Medullary Syndrome",607,0.0,"D014854","C14.907.253.092.477.100.500",0,"Description: INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA<br>OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlusion of the<br>VERTEBRAL ARTERY and/or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.<br>Clinical manifestations vary with the size of infarction, but may<br>include loss of pain and temperature sensation in the ipsilateral<br>face and contralateral body below the chin; ipsilateral HORNER<br>SYNDROME; ipsilateral ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; VERTIGO; nausea,<br>hiccup; dysphagia; and VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p801)",""],["Lateral Medullary Syndrome",607,0.0,"D014854","C14.907.253.855.200.100.500",0,"Description: INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA<br>OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlusion of the<br>VERTEBRAL ARTERY and/or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.<br>Clinical manifestations vary with the size of infarction, but may<br>include loss of pain and temperature sensation in the ipsilateral<br>face and contralateral body below the chin; ipsilateral HORNER<br>SYNDROME; ipsilateral ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; VERTIGO; nausea,<br>hiccup; dysphagia; and VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p801)",""],["Dementia, Multi-Infarct",789,0.0,"D015161","C14.907.253.092.477.200.199",0,"Description: Loss of higher cortical functions with retained<br>awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Memory, judgment, attention span, and impulse control<br>are often impaired, and may be accompanied by PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY;<br>HEMIPARESIS; reflex abnormalities, and other signs of localized<br>neurologic dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1060)",""],["Dementia, Multi-Infarct",789,0.0,"D015161","C14.907.253.855.200.200.199",0,"Description: Loss of higher cortical functions with retained<br>awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Memory, judgment, attention span, and impulse control<br>are often impaired, and may be accompanied by PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY;<br>HEMIPARESIS; reflex abnormalities, and other signs of localized<br>neurologic dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1060)",""],["Blue Toe Syndrome",91,0.0,"D018438","C14.907.355.350.454.500.200",0,"Description: A condition that is caused by recurring<br>atheroembolism in the lower extremities. It is characterized by<br>cyanotic discoloration of the toes, usually the first, fourth,<br>and fifth toes. Discoloration may extend to the lateral aspect of<br>the foot. Despite the gangrene-like appearance, blue toes may<br>respond to conservative therapy without amputation.",""],["Williams Syndrome",1893,0.0,"D018980","C14.280.484.048.750.535.960",0,"Description: A disorder caused by hemizygous microdeletion of<br>about 28 genes on chromosome 7q11.23, including the ELASTIN gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include SUPRAVALVULAR AORTIC STENOSIS;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; elfin facies; impaired visuospatial<br>constructive abilities; and transient HYPERCALCEMIA in infancy.<br>The condition affects both sexes, with onset at birth or in early<br>infancy.",""],["Putaminal Hemorrhage",146,0.0,"D020146","C14.907.253.573.200.150.500",0,"Description: Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL<br>GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSION and<br>lipohyalinosis of small blood vessels in the putamen. Clinical<br>manifestations vary with the size of hemorrhage, but include<br>HEMIPARESIS; HEADACHE; and alterations of consciousness.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Acute",817,0.0,"D020199","C14.907.253.573.400.450.050",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>acute onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic",1931,0.0,"D020200","C14.907.253.573.400.450.120",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic",267,0.0,"D020202","C14.907.253.573.400.150.300",0,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due<br>to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>and the BASAL GANGLIA. Depending on the severity of bleeding,<br>clinical features may include SEIZURES; APHASIA; VISION<br>DISORDERS; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; PARALYSIS; and COMA.",""],["Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic",52,0.0,"D020203","C14.907.253.573.400.150.200",0,"Description: Bleeding into structures of BRAIN STEM, including<br>the MIDBRAIN; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA, as the result of<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY is commonly<br>associated. Clinical manifestations may include OCULAR MOTILITY<br>DISORDERS; ATAXIA; PARALYSIS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; and<br>COMA.",""],["Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis",226,0.0,"D020225","C14.907.253.566.350.500.750",0,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS or the inferior sagittal sinus.<br>Sagittal sinus thrombosis can result from infections,<br>hematological disorders, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; and NEUROSURGICAL<br>PROCEDURES. Clinical features are primarily related to the<br>increased intracranial pressure causing HEADACHE; NAUSEA; and<br>VOMITING. Severe cases can evolve to SEIZURES or COMA.",""],["Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis",380,0.0,"D020226","C14.907.253.566.350.500.375",0,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the CAVERNOUS SINUS of the brain. Infections of the paranasal<br>sinuses and adjacent structures, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, and<br>THROMBOPHILIA are associated conditions. Clinical manifestations<br>include dysfunction of cranial nerves III, IV, V, and VI, marked<br>periorbital swelling, chemosis, fever, and visual loss. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p711)",""],["Lateral Sinus Thrombosis",197,0.0,"D020227","C14.907.253.566.350.500.562",0,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the LATERAL SINUSES. This condition is often associated with ear<br>infections (OTITIS MEDIA or MASTOIDITIS) without antibiotic<br>treatment. In developed nations, lateral sinus thrombosis can<br>result from CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; NEUROSURGICAL<br>PROCEDURES; THROMBOPHILIA; and other conditions. Clinical<br>features include HEADACHE; VERTIGO; and increased intracranial<br>pressure.",""],["Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery",238,0.0,"D020243","C14.907.253.092.477.200.400",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These<br>arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery<br>usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower<br>body.",""],["Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery",238,0.0,"D020243","C14.907.253.855.200.200.400",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These<br>arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery<br>usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower<br>body.",""],["Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery",6854,0.0,"D020244","C14.907.253.092.477.200.450",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral<br>aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include<br>impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the<br>face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the<br>infarction.",""],["Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery",6854,0.0,"D020244","C14.907.253.855.200.200.450",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral<br>aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include<br>impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the<br>face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the<br>infarction.",""],["Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery",268,0.0,"D020762","C14.907.253.092.477.200.475",0,"Description: NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR<br>CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of<br>the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE.<br>Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical<br>features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems<br>(AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).",""],["Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery",268,0.0,"D020762","C14.907.253.855.200.200.475",0,"Description: NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR<br>CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of<br>the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE.<br>Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical<br>features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems<br>(AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).",""],["Discrete Subaortic Stenosis",168,0.0,"D021922","C14.280.484.048.750.070.210",0,"Description: A type of constriction that is caused by the<br>presence of a fibrous ring (discrete type) below the AORTIC<br>VALVE, anywhere between the aortic valve and the MITRAL VALVE. It<br>is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE<br>into the AORTA.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C14.907.253.560.200.200.160",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C14.907.253.092.477.200.100",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C14.907.253.855.200.200.100",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial",299,0.0,"D046648","C14.907.253.573.400.450.400",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE over the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE.",""],["Lemierre Syndrome",442,0.0,"D057831","C14.907.355.830.925.770.500",0,"Description: A superinfection of the damaged oropharyngeal mucosa<br>by FUSOBACTERIUM NECROPHORUM leading to the secondary septic<br>THROMBOPHLEBITIS of the internal jugular vein.",""],["Stroke, Lacunar",633,0.0,"D059409","C14.907.253.855.400.750.500",0,"Description: Stroke caused by lacunar infarction or other small<br>vessel diseases of the brain. It features hemiparesis (see<br>PARESIS), hemisensory, or hemisensory motor loss.",""],["Cerebral Intraventricular Hemorrhage",253,0.0,"D000074042","C14.907.253.573.200.600",0,"Description: Bleeding within the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES. It is<br>associated with intraventricular trauma, aneurysm, vascular<br>malformations, hypertension and in VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT infants.",""],["Thrombotic Stroke",665,0.0,"D000083244","C14.907.253.855.400.750",1,"Description: A type of ischemic stroke resulting from obstruction<br>due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a CEREBRAL ARTERY often<br>associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS. A stroke due to a blood clot in<br>a cerebral vein is a venous infarction (see VENOUS INFARCTION,<br>BRAIN).",""],["Embolic Stroke",234,0.0,"D000083262","C14.907.253.855.400.375",0,"Description: An ischemic stroke due to a blood clot, emboli or<br>other types of blockage which forms somewhere other than the<br>brain and subsequently travels near and restricts blood flow to<br>the brain. Most often the origin of the clot is from the heart<br>and is referred to as cardioembolic stroke.",""],["Peripheral Arterial Disease",10585,0.1,"D058729","C14.907.137.126.307.500",1,"Description: Lack of perfusion in the EXTREMITIES resulting from<br>atherosclerosis. It is characterized by INTERMITTENT<br>CLAUDICATION, and an ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX of 0.9 or less.",""],["Angina Pectoris, Variant",1613,0.0,"D000788","C14.280.647.187.150.150",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by the development<br>of CHEST PAIN at rest with concomitant transient ST segment<br>elevation in the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM, but with preserved exercise<br>capacity.",""],["Angina Pectoris, Variant",1613,0.0,"D000788","C14.907.585.187.150.500",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by the development<br>of CHEST PAIN at rest with concomitant transient ST segment<br>elevation in the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM, but with preserved exercise<br>capacity.",""],["Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular",16974,0.1,"D001020","C14.280.484.048.750.070",3,"Description: A pathological constriction occurring in the region<br>below the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow<br>from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.",""],["Carotid Artery Thrombosis",2249,0.0,"D002341","C14.907.355.590.213.206",0,"Description: Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID<br>ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the<br>vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.",""],["Cerebral Infarction",25367,0.1,"D002544","C14.907.253.092.477.200",5,"Description: The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM<br>caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow.<br>Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere<br>(i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction),<br>arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL<br>ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).",""],["Cerebral Infarction",25367,0.1,"D002544","C14.907.253.855.200.200",5,"Description: The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM<br>caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow.<br>Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere<br>(i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction),<br>arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL<br>ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).",""],["Double Outlet Right Ventricle",664,0.0,"D004310","C14.240.400.560.540.500",0,"Description: Incomplete transposition of the great vessels in<br>which both the AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY arise from the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE. The only outlet of the LEFT VENTRICLE is a large<br>ventricular septal defect (VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS or VSD).<br>The various subtypes are classified by the location of the septal<br>defect, such as subaortic, subpulmonary, or noncommitted.",""],["Double Outlet Right Ventricle",664,0.0,"D004310","C14.280.400.560.540.500",0,"Description: Incomplete transposition of the great vessels in<br>which both the AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY arise from the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE. The only outlet of the LEFT VENTRICLE is a large<br>ventricular septal defect (VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS or VSD).<br>The various subtypes are classified by the location of the septal<br>defect, such as subaortic, subpulmonary, or noncommitted.",""],["Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial",2905,0.0,"D006407","C14.907.253.573.400.400",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the EPIDURAL SPACE between<br>the SKULL and the DURA MATER, often as a result of bleeding from<br>the MENINGEAL ARTERIES associated with a temporal or parietal<br>bone fracture. Epidural hematoma tends to expand rapidly,<br>compressing the dura and underlying brain. Clinical features may<br>include HEADACHE; VOMITING; HEMIPARESIS; and impaired mental<br>function.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural",8115,0.0,"D006408","C14.907.253.573.400.450",3,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between<br>the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This<br>condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL<br>HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA,<br>SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the<br>acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom<br>onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness,<br>severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.",""],["Budd-Chiari Syndrome",3299,0.0,"D006502","C14.907.355.830.925.275",0,"Description: A condition in which the hepatic venous outflow is<br>obstructed anywhere from the small HEPATIC VEINS to the junction<br>of the INFERIOR VENA CAVA and the RIGHT ATRIUM. Usually the<br>blockage is extrahepatic and caused by blood clots (THROMBUS) or<br>fibrous webs. Parenchymal FIBROSIS is uncommon.",""],["Lutembacher Syndrome",156,0.0,"D008185","C14.240.400.560.375.518",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a combination of OSTIUM<br>SECUNDUM ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT and an acquired MITRAL VALVE<br>STENOSIS.",""],["Lutembacher Syndrome",156,0.0,"D008185","C14.280.400.560.375.518",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a combination of OSTIUM<br>SECUNDUM ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT and an acquired MITRAL VALVE<br>STENOSIS.",""],["Moyamoya Disease",4195,0.0,"D009072","C14.907.253.560.200.737",0,"Description: A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the<br>intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike<br>collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral<br>angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the<br>base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA<br>and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease<br>primarily affects children but can also occur in adults.",""],["Retinal Vein Occlusion",4651,0.0,"D012170","C14.907.355.830.925.650",0,"Description: Blockage of the RETINAL VEIN. Those at high risk for<br>this condition include patients with HYPERTENSION; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; and other CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.",""],["Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial",4206,0.0,"D012851","C14.907.253.566.350.500",3,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>the CRANIAL SINUSES, large endothelium-lined venous channels<br>situated within the SKULL. Intracranial sinuses, also called<br>cranial venous sinuses, include the superior sagittal, cavernous,<br>lateral, petrous sinuses, and many others. Cranial sinus<br>thrombosis can lead to severe HEADACHE; SEIZURE; and other<br>neurological defects.",""],["Intracranial Thrombosis",6999,0.0,"D020767","C14.907.355.590.213.350",4,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>a blood vessel within the SKULL. Intracranial thrombosis can lead<br>to thrombotic occlusions and BRAIN INFARCTION. The majority of<br>the thrombotic occlusions are associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS.",""],["Subclavian Steal Syndrome",1682,0.0,"D013349","C14.907.253.092.956.700",0,"Description: A clinically significant reduction in blood supply<br>to the BRAIN STEM and CEREBELLUM (i.e., VERTEBROBASILAR<br>INSUFFICIENCY) resulting from reversal of blood flow through the<br>VERTEBRAL ARTERY from occlusion or stenosis of the proximal<br>subclavian or brachiocephalic artery. Common symptoms include<br>VERTIGO; SYNCOPE; and INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION of the involved<br>upper extremity. Subclavian steal may also occur in asymptomatic<br>individuals. (From J Cardiovasc Surg 1994;35(1):11-4; Acta Neurol<br>Scand 1994;90(3):174-8)",""],["Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry",3180,0.0,"D013611","C14.280.067.845.787.249",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry of<br>atrial impulse into the dual (fast and slow) pathways of<br>ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. The common type involves a blocked atrial<br>impulse in the slow pathway which reenters the fast pathway in a<br>retrograde direction and simultaneously conducts to the atria and<br>the ventricles leading to rapid HEART RATE of 150-250 beats per<br>minute.",""],["Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry",3180,0.0,"D013611","C14.280.123.875.787.249",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry of<br>atrial impulse into the dual (fast and slow) pathways of<br>ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. The common type involves a blocked atrial<br>impulse in the slow pathway which reenters the fast pathway in a<br>retrograde direction and simultaneously conducts to the atria and<br>the ventricles leading to rapid HEART RATE of 150-250 beats per<br>minute.",""],["Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial",1052,0.0,"D013612","C14.280.067.845.880.315",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats originating from one or<br>more automatic foci (nonsinus pacemakers) in the HEART ATRIUM but<br>away from the SINOATRIAL NODE. Unlike the reentry mechanism,<br>automatic tachycardia speeds up and slows down gradually. The<br>episode is characterized by a HEART RATE between 135 to less than<br>200 beats per minute and lasting 30 seconds or longer.",""],["Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial",1052,0.0,"D013612","C14.280.123.875.880.315",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats originating from one or<br>more automatic foci (nonsinus pacemakers) in the HEART ATRIUM but<br>away from the SINOATRIAL NODE. Unlike the reentry mechanism,<br>automatic tachycardia speeds up and slows down gradually. The<br>episode is characterized by a HEART RATE between 135 to less than<br>200 beats per minute and lasting 30 seconds or longer.",""],["Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional",367,0.0,"D013613","C14.280.067.845.880.320",0,"Description: A rare form of supraventricular tachycardia caused<br>by automatic, not reentrant, conduction initiated from sites at<br>the atrioventricular junction, but not the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE.<br>It usually occurs during myocardial infarction, after heart<br>surgery, or in digitalis intoxication with a HEART RATE ranging<br>from 140 to 250 beats per minute.",""],["Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional",367,0.0,"D013613","C14.280.123.875.880.320",0,"Description: A rare form of supraventricular tachycardia caused<br>by automatic, not reentrant, conduction initiated from sites at<br>the atrioventricular junction, but not the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE.<br>It usually occurs during myocardial infarction, after heart<br>surgery, or in digitalis intoxication with a HEART RATE ranging<br>from 140 to 250 beats per minute.",""],["Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry",125,0.0,"D013615","C14.280.067.845.787.500",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry<br>circuit in or around the SINOATRIAL NODE. It is characterized by<br>sudden onset and offset episodes of tachycardia with a HEART RATE<br>of 100-150 beats per minute. The P wave is identical to the sinus<br>P wave but with a longer PR interval.",""],["Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry",125,0.0,"D013615","C14.280.123.875.787.500",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry<br>circuit in or around the SINOATRIAL NODE. It is characterized by<br>sudden onset and offset episodes of tachycardia with a HEART RATE<br>of 100-150 beats per minute. The P wave is identical to the sinus<br>P wave but with a longer PR interval.",""],["Tachycardia, Sinus",555,0.0,"D013616","C14.280.067.845.880.845",0,"Description: Simple rapid heartbeats caused by rapid discharge of<br>impulses from the SINOATRIAL NODE, usually between 100 and 180<br>beats/min in adults. It is characterized by a gradual onset and<br>termination. Sinus tachycardia is common in infants, young<br>children, and adults during strenuous physical activities.",""],["Tachycardia, Sinus",555,0.0,"D013616","C14.280.123.875.880.845",0,"Description: Simple rapid heartbeats caused by rapid discharge of<br>impulses from the SINOATRIAL NODE, usually between 100 and 180<br>beats/min in adults. It is characterized by a gradual onset and<br>termination. Sinus tachycardia is common in infants, young<br>children, and adults during strenuous physical activities.",""],["Thrombophlebitis",16707,0.1,"D013924","C14.907.355.830.925.770",1,"Description: Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot<br>(THROMBUS).",""],["Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent",761,0.0,"D014339","C14.240.400.560.098.500",0,"Description: A congenital anomaly caused by the failed<br>development of TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS into separate AORTA and<br>PULMONARY ARTERY. It is characterized by a single arterial trunk<br>that forms the outlet for both HEART VENTRICLES and gives rise to<br>the systemic, pulmonary, and coronary arteries. It is always<br>accompanied by a ventricular septal defect.",""],["Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent",761,0.0,"D014339","C14.280.400.560.098.500",0,"Description: A congenital anomaly caused by the failed<br>development of TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS into separate AORTA and<br>PULMONARY ARTERY. It is characterized by a single arterial trunk<br>that forms the outlet for both HEART VENTRICLES and gives rise to<br>the systemic, pulmonary, and coronary arteries. It is always<br>accompanied by a ventricular septal defect.",""],["Brain Stem Infarctions",1445,0.0,"D020526","C14.907.253.092.477.100",1,"Description: Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is<br>comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA. There are<br>several named syndromes characterized by their distinctive<br>clinical manifestations and specific sites of ischemic injury.",""],["Brain Stem Infarctions",1445,0.0,"D020526","C14.907.253.855.200.100",1,"Description: Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is<br>comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA. There are<br>several named syndromes characterized by their distinctive<br>clinical manifestations and specific sites of ischemic injury.",""],["Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis",7017,0.0,"D014890","C14.907.940.897.249.750",0,"Description: A multisystemic disease of a complex genetic<br>background. It is characterized by inflammation of the blood<br>vessels (VASCULITIS) leading to damage in any number of organs.<br>The common features include granulomatous inflammation of the<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT and KIDNEYS. Most patients have measurable<br>autoantibodies (ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES) against<br>MYELOBLASTIN.",""],["Dementia, Vascular",4691,0.0,"D015140","C14.907.137.126.372.500",0,"Description: An imprecise term referring to dementia associated<br>with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION<br>(single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic<br>BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have<br>been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44)",""],["Dementia, Vascular",4691,0.0,"D015140","C14.907.253.560.350.500",0,"Description: An imprecise term referring to dementia associated<br>with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION<br>(single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic<br>BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have<br>been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44)",""],["Churg-Strauss Syndrome",2273,0.0,"D015267","C14.907.940.897.249.249",0,"Description: Widespread necrotizing angiitis with granulomas.<br>Pulmonary involvement is frequent. Asthma or other respiratory<br>infection may precede evidence of vasculitis. Eosinophilia and<br>lung involvement differentiate this disease from POLYARTERITIS<br>NODOSA.",""],["Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm",100,0.0,"D016170","C14.280.067.845.940.349",0,"Description: A type of automatic, not reentrant, ectopic<br>ventricular rhythm with episodes lasting from a few seconds to a<br>minute which usually occurs in patients with acute myocardial<br>infarction or with DIGITALIS toxicity. The ventricular rate is<br>faster than normal but slower than tachycardia, with an upper<br>limit of 100 -120 beats per minute. Suppressive therapy is rarely<br>necessary.",""],["Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm",100,0.0,"D016170","C14.280.123.875.940.349",0,"Description: A type of automatic, not reentrant, ectopic<br>ventricular rhythm with episodes lasting from a few seconds to a<br>minute which usually occurs in patients with acute myocardial<br>infarction or with DIGITALIS toxicity. The ventricular rate is<br>faster than normal but slower than tachycardia, with an upper<br>limit of 100 -120 beats per minute. Suppressive therapy is rarely<br>necessary.",""],["Torsades de Pointes",2174,0.0,"D016171","C14.280.067.845.940.700",0,"Description: A malignant form of polymorphic ventricular<br>tachycardia that is characterized by HEART RATE between 200 and<br>250 beats per minute, and QRS complexes with changing amplitude<br>and twisting of the points. The term also describes the syndrome<br>of tachycardia with prolonged ventricular repolarization, long QT<br>intervals exceeding 500 milliseconds or BRADYCARDIA. Torsades de<br>pointes may be self-limited or may progress to VENTRICULAR<br>FIBRILLATION.",""],["Torsades de Pointes",2174,0.0,"D016171","C14.280.123.875.940.700",0,"Description: A malignant form of polymorphic ventricular<br>tachycardia that is characterized by HEART RATE between 200 and<br>250 beats per minute, and QRS complexes with changing amplitude<br>and twisting of the points. The term also describes the syndrome<br>of tachycardia with prolonged ventricular repolarization, long QT<br>intervals exceeding 500 milliseconds or BRADYCARDIA. Torsades de<br>pointes may be self-limited or may progress to VENTRICULAR<br>FIBRILLATION.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy",1986,0.0,"D016657","C14.907.253.560.200.200",1,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial<br>disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small<br>and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES.<br>Clinical features include multiple, small lobar CEREBRAL<br>HEMORRHAGE; cerebral ischemia (BRAIN ISCHEMIA); and CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is unrelated to<br>generalized AMYLOIDOSIS. Amyloidogenic peptides in this condition<br>are nearly always the same ones found in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (from<br>Kumar: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed.,<br>2005)",""],["Embolism, Cholesterol",878,0.0,"D017700","C14.907.355.350.454.500",1,"Description: Blocking of a blood vessel by CHOLESTEROL-rich<br>atheromatous deposits, generally occurring in the flow from a<br>large artery to small arterial branches. It is also called<br>arterial-arterial embolization or atheroembolism which may be<br>spontaneous or iatrogenic. Patients with spontaneous<br>atheroembolism often have painful, cyanotic digits of acute<br>onset.",""],["Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular",2180,0.0,"D021921","C14.280.484.048.750.535",1,"Description: A pathological constriction occurring in the region<br>above the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow<br>from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.",""],["Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage",368,0.0,"D020145","C14.907.253.573.200.150",1,"Description: Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral<br>hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associated with<br>HYPERTENSION or ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS. Clinical<br>manifestations may include HEADACHE; DYSKINESIAS; and<br>HEMIPARESIS.",""],["Putaminal Hemorrhage",146,0.0,"D020146","C14.907.253.061.200.500",0,"Description: Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL<br>GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSION and<br>lipohyalinosis of small blood vessels in the putamen. Clinical<br>manifestations vary with the size of hemorrhage, but include<br>HEMIPARESIS; HEADACHE; and alterations of consciousness.",""],["Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic",520,0.0,"D020201","C14.907.253.573.400.150",2,"Description: Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating<br>and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traumatically induced<br>hemorrhages may occur in any area of the brain, including the<br>CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM (see BRAIN STEM HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC); and<br>CEREBELLUM.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic",267,0.0,"D020202","C14.907.253.573.200.200",0,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due<br>to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>and the BASAL GANGLIA. Depending on the severity of bleeding,<br>clinical features may include SEIZURES; APHASIA; VISION<br>DISORDERS; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; PARALYSIS; and COMA.",""],["Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic",212,0.0,"D020206","C14.907.253.573.400.700",0,"Description: Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptomatic;<br>moderate to severe hemorrhages may be associated with<br>INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION and VASOSPASM, INTRACRANIAL.",""],["Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic",212,0.0,"D020206","C14.907.253.573.800.700",0,"Description: Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptomatic;<br>moderate to severe hemorrhages may be associated with<br>INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION and VASOSPASM, INTRACRANIAL.",""],["Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection",1578,0.0,"D020215","C14.907.253.123.345.300",0,"Description: The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both<br>(left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ARTERY,<br>INTERNAL). Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel<br>wall can lead to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and<br>aneurysm formation.",""],["Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection",1578,0.0,"D020215","C14.907.253.535.500.300",0,"Description: The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both<br>(left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ARTERY,<br>INTERNAL). Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel<br>wall can lead to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and<br>aneurysm formation.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C14.240.850.750.147.500",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C14.240.850.984.750.500",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C14.907.253.535.500.350",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery",238,0.0,"D020243","C14.907.253.560.200.325",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These<br>arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery<br>usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower<br>body.",""],["Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery",6854,0.0,"D020244","C14.907.253.560.200.387",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral<br>aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include<br>impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the<br>face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the<br>infarction.",""],["Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery",268,0.0,"D020762","C14.907.253.560.200.418",0,"Description: NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR<br>CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of<br>the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE.<br>Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical<br>features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems<br>(AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).",""],["Intracranial Embolism",5175,0.0,"D020766","C14.907.355.590.213.300",0,"Description: Blocking of a blood vessel in the SKULL by an<br>EMBOLUS which can be a blood clot (THROMBUS) or other undissolved<br>material in the blood stream. Most emboli are of cardiac origin<br>and are associated with HEART DISEASES. Other non-cardiac sources<br>of emboli are usually associated with VASCULAR DISEASES.",""],["Discrete Subaortic Stenosis",168,0.0,"D021922","C14.280.955.249.070.210",0,"Description: A type of constriction that is caused by the<br>presence of a fibrous ring (discrete type) below the AORTIC<br>VALVE, anywhere between the aortic valve and the MITRAL VALVE. It<br>is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE<br>into the AORTA.",""],["Coronary Restenosis",6509,0.0,"D023903","C14.280.647.250.285.200",0,"Description: Recurrent narrowing or constriction of a coronary<br>artery following surgical procedures performed to alleviate a<br>prior obstruction.",""],["Coronary Restenosis",6509,0.0,"D023903","C14.907.585.250.285.200",0,"Description: Recurrent narrowing or constriction of a coronary<br>artery following surgical procedures performed to alleviate a<br>prior obstruction.",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C14.907.253.560.200.175",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["Pulmonary Infarction",279,0.0,"D054060","C14.907.355.350.700.500",0,"Description: NECROSIS of lung tissue that is cause by the lack of<br>OXYGEN or blood supply. The most common cause of pulmonary<br>infarction is a blood clot in the lung.",""],["Postthrombotic Syndrome",799,0.0,"D054070","C14.907.355.830.925.462",0,"Description: A condition caused by one or more episodes of DEEP<br>VEIN THROMBOSIS, usually the blood clots are lodged in the legs.<br>Clinical features include EDEMA; PAIN; aching; heaviness; and<br>MUSCLE CRAMP in the leg. When severe leg swelling leads to skin<br>breakdown, it is called venous STASIS ULCER.",""],["Vein of Galen Malformations",266,0.0,"D054080","C14.240.850.750.295.500",0,"Description: Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the<br>VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of the brain. The<br>rush of arterial blood directly into the vein of Galen, without<br>passing through the CAPILLARIES, can overwhelm the heart and lead<br>to CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.",""],["Vein of Galen Malformations",266,0.0,"D054080","C14.240.850.875.500.500",0,"Description: Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the<br>VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of the brain. The<br>rush of arterial blood directly into the vein of Galen, without<br>passing through the CAPILLARIES, can overwhelm the heart and lead<br>to CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.",""],["Vein of Galen Malformations",266,0.0,"D054080","C14.907.253.560.400.500",0,"Description: Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the<br>VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of the brain. The<br>rush of arterial blood directly into the vein of Galen, without<br>passing through the CAPILLARIES, can overwhelm the heart and lead<br>to CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.",""],["Foramen Ovale, Patent",3259,0.0,"D054092","C14.240.400.560.375.258",0,"Description: A condition in which the FORAMEN OVALE in the ATRIAL<br>SEPTUM fails to close shortly after birth. This results in<br>abnormal communications between the two upper chambers of the<br>heart. An isolated patent ovale foramen without other structural<br>heart defects is usually of no hemodynamic significance.",""],["Foramen Ovale, Patent",3259,0.0,"D054092","C14.280.400.560.375.258",0,"Description: A condition in which the FORAMEN OVALE in the ATRIAL<br>SEPTUM fails to close shortly after birth. This results in<br>abnormal communications between the two upper chambers of the<br>heart. An isolated patent ovale foramen without other structural<br>heart defects is usually of no hemodynamic significance.",""],["Microscopic Polyangiitis",602,0.0,"D055953","C14.907.940.897.249.500",0,"Description: A primary systemic vasculitis of small- and some<br>medium-sized vessels. It is characterized by a tropism for<br>kidneys and lungs, positive association with anti-neutrophil<br>cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), and a paucity of immunoglobulin<br>deposits in vessel walls.",""],["Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis",583,0.0,"D056824","C14.907.355.830.925.885",0,"Description: DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS of an upper extremity vein<br>(e.g., AXILLARY VEIN; SUBCLAVIAN VEIN; and JUGULAR VEINS). It is<br>associated with mechanical factors (Upper Extremity Deep Vein<br>Thrombosis, Primary) secondary to other anatomic factors (Upper<br>Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis, Secondary). Symptoms may include<br>sudden onset of pain, warmth, redness, blueness, and swelling in<br>the arm.",""],["Lemierre Syndrome",442,0.0,"D057831","C14.907.617.718.788.500",0,"Description: A superinfection of the damaged oropharyngeal mucosa<br>by FUSOBACTERIUM NECROPHORUM leading to the secondary septic<br>THROMBOPHLEBITIS of the internal jugular vein.",""],["Lemierre Syndrome",442,0.0,"D057831","C14.907.940.740.910.500",0,"Description: A superinfection of the damaged oropharyngeal mucosa<br>by FUSOBACTERIUM NECROPHORUM leading to the secondary septic<br>THROMBOPHLEBITIS of the internal jugular vein.",""],["Bland White Garland Syndrome",206,0.0,"D063748","C14.240.850.984.500.500",0,"Description: A congenital coronary vessel anomaly in which the<br>left main CORONARY ARTERY originates from the PULMONARY ARTERY<br>instead of from AORTA. The congenital heart defect typically<br>results in coronary artery FISTULA; LEFT-SIDED HEART FAILURE and<br>MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY during the first months of life.",""],["ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction",7207,0.0,"D000072657","C14.280.647.500.875",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome defined by MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA<br>symptoms; persistent elevation in the ST segments of the<br>ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; and release of BIOMARKERS of myocardial<br>NECROSIS (e.g., elevated TROPONIN levels). ST segment elevation<br>in the ECG is often used in determining the treatment protocol<br>(see also NON-ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).",""],["ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction",7207,0.0,"D000072657","C14.907.585.500.875",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome defined by MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA<br>symptoms; persistent elevation in the ST segments of the<br>ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; and release of BIOMARKERS of myocardial<br>NECROSIS (e.g., elevated TROPONIN levels). ST segment elevation<br>in the ECG is often used in determining the treatment protocol<br>(see also NON-ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).",""],["Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction",1449,0.0,"D000072658","C14.280.647.500.469",0,"Description: A myocardial infarction that does not produce<br>elevations in the ST segments of the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM. ST<br>segment elevation of the ECG is often used in determining the<br>treatment protocol (see also ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction).",""],["Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction",1449,0.0,"D000072658","C14.907.585.500.656",0,"Description: A myocardial infarction that does not produce<br>elevations in the ST segments of the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM. ST<br>segment elevation of the ECG is often used in determining the<br>treatment protocol (see also ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction).",""],["Vascular Ring",147,0.0,"D000073872","C14.907.109.239.825",0,"Description: Congenital vascular malformation in which the AORTA<br>arch and its branches encircle the TRACHEA and ESOPHAGUS. Signs<br>and symptoms include DYSPNEA; RESPIRATORY SOUNDS, especially with<br>eating, DYSPHAGIA, persistent cough, and GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX<br>or may be asymptomatic. Two most common types are double aortic<br>arch and right aortic arch. It may be associated with other<br>anomalies (e.g., DIGEORGE SYNDROME).",""],["Interatrial Block",84,0.0,"D000074021","C14.280.067.558.430",0,"Description: Impaired or delayed impulse conduction between the<br>right and left HEART ATRIA. Advanced interatrial blocks are often<br>associated with arrhythmias (e.g., ATRIAL FLUTTER; and ATRIAL<br>FIBRILLATION), direct conduction block via the Bachmann's bundle<br>and concomitant left atrial enlargement. Syndrome of advanced<br>interatrial block associated with SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA is<br>referred to as Bayes syndrome.",""],["Interatrial Block",84,0.0,"D000074021","C14.280.123.500.430",0,"Description: Impaired or delayed impulse conduction between the<br>right and left HEART ATRIA. Advanced interatrial blocks are often<br>associated with arrhythmias (e.g., ATRIAL FLUTTER; and ATRIAL<br>FIBRILLATION), direct conduction block via the Bachmann's bundle<br>and concomitant left atrial enlargement. Syndrome of advanced<br>interatrial block associated with SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA is<br>referred to as Bayes syndrome.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage",27452,0.2,"D002543","C14.907.253.573.200",4,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES<br>including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often<br>associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.",""],["Anomalous Left Coronary Artery",46,0.0,"D000080038","C14.240.400.210.125",0,"Description: Malformations of left CORONARY ARTERY where it is<br>connected to the PULMONARY ARTERY instead of the AORTA.",""],["Anomalous Left Coronary Artery",46,0.0,"D000080038","C14.280.400.210.125",0,"Description: Malformations of left CORONARY ARTERY where it is<br>connected to the PULMONARY ARTERY instead of the AORTA.",""],["Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries",44,0.0,"D000080041","C14.240.400.915.150",0,"Description: A rare heart defect that occurs when the HEART<br>VENTRICLES and attached valves, the MITRAL VALVE and the<br>TRICUSPID VALVE are reversed so that the AORTA and the PULMONARY<br>ARTERY are connected to the wrong ventricle. Although the heart<br>valves and the two great arteries, the PULMONARY ARTERY and the<br>AORTA are transposed, the blood flows to the correct place<br>because the ventricles are also reversed and therefore corrects<br>the transposition. It often occurs with other structural heart<br>abnormalities.",""],["Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries",44,0.0,"D000080041","C14.280.400.915.150",0,"Description: A rare heart defect that occurs when the HEART<br>VENTRICLES and attached valves, the MITRAL VALVE and the<br>TRICUSPID VALVE are reversed so that the AORTA and the PULMONARY<br>ARTERY are connected to the wrong ventricle. Although the heart<br>valves and the two great arteries, the PULMONARY ARTERY and the<br>AORTA are transposed, the blood flows to the correct place<br>because the ventricles are also reversed and therefore corrects<br>the transposition. It often occurs with other structural heart<br>abnormalities.",""],["Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm",39,0.0,"D000080346","C14.907.489.815.500",0,"Description: An acquired dilation of the retinal artery often<br>associated with systemic HYPERTENSION.",""],["Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease",272,0.0,"D000082882","C14.280.484.048.875",0,"Description: Congenital heart valve defects where the AORTIC<br>VALVE has two instead of normal three cusps. It is often<br>associated with AORTIC REGURGITATION and AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Quadricuspid Aortic Valve",16,0.0,"D000082902","C14.280.484.048.937",0,"Description: Congenital malformation where the AORTIC VALVE has<br>four instead of three cusps. It is often associated with AORTIC<br>REGURGITATION and AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS.",""],["Ischemic Stroke",5838,0.0,"D000083242","C14.907.253.855.400",3,"Description: Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in<br>interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain.<br>When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a<br>cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction<br>is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel<br>(see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke.<br>Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep<br>while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown<br>origin.",""],["Hemorrhagic Stroke",262,0.0,"D000083302","C14.907.253.855.300",0,"Description: Stroke due to rupture of a weakened blood vessel in<br>the brain (e.g., CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES; CEREBELLUM; SUBARACHNOID<br>SPACE).",""],["MINOCA",12,0.0,"D000088442","C14.280.647.500.328",0,"Description: Myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive<br>coronary artery disease. CORONARY CIRCULATION disruption is due<br>to various other factors such as ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE and<br>CORONARY VASOSPASM.",""],["MINOCA",12,0.0,"D000088442","C14.907.585.500.422",0,"Description: Myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive<br>coronary artery disease. CORONARY CIRCULATION disruption is due<br>to various other factors such as ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE and<br>CORONARY VASOSPASM.",""],["Atherosclerosis",47121,0.3,"D050197","C14.907.137.126.307",2,"Description: A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of<br>ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES<br>within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.",""],["Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia",62,0.0,"D000089802","C14.907.617.671.500",0,"Description: A severe form of peripheral artery disease in which<br>a hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue is caused<br>by occlusion of peripheral arterial vessels. It is associated<br>with the presence of chronic ischemic rest pain, ulceration or<br>GANGRENE.",""],["Livedoid Vasculopathy",3,0.0,"D000090122","C14.907.355.830.573",0,"Description: A rare cutaneous thrombotic disease due to occlusion<br>of dermal vessels. It is characterized by purpuric maculae and<br>ulcerations especially during summer which form scars called<br>atrophie blanche. It is more associated with other syndromes<br>(e.g., PROTEIN C DEFICIENCY; HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA).",""],["Thromboinflammation",17,0.0,"D000090882","C14.907.355.830.749",0,"Description: Thrombosis with associated inflammation due to<br>crosstalk between HEMOSTASIS and INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSES<br>modulated by PLATELETS. It is associated with many diseases such<br>as COVID-19; SICKLE CELL ANEMIA; and THROMBOPHLEBITIS.",""],["Adams-Stokes Syndrome",1074,0.0,"D000219","C14.280.067.558.137",0,"Description: A condition of fainting spells caused by heart<br>block, often an atrioventricular block, that leads to BRADYCARDIA<br>and drop in CARDIAC OUTPUT. When the cardiac output becomes too<br>low, the patient faints (SYNCOPE). In some cases, the syncope<br>attacks are transient and in others cases repetitive and<br>persistent.",""],["Adams-Stokes Syndrome",1074,0.0,"D000219","C14.280.123.500.137",0,"Description: A condition of fainting spells caused by heart<br>block, often an atrioventricular block, that leads to BRADYCARDIA<br>and drop in CARDIAC OUTPUT. When the cardiac output becomes too<br>low, the patient faints (SYNCOPE). In some cases, the syncope<br>attacks are transient and in others cases repetitive and<br>persistent.",""],["Angina, Unstable",8357,0.0,"D000789","C14.280.647.187.150",1,"Description: Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a<br>MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.",""],["Angina, Unstable",8357,0.0,"D000789","C14.907.585.187.150",1,"Description: Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a<br>MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.0,"D000795","C14.907.253.329.374",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Aortic Rupture",8352,0.0,"D001019","C14.907.055.185.125",0,"Description: The tearing or bursting of the wall along any<br>portion of the AORTA, such as thoracic or abdominal. It may<br>result from the rupture of an aneurysm or it may be due to<br>TRAUMA.",""],["Aortic Rupture",8352,0.0,"D001019","C14.907.055.239.175",0,"Description: The tearing or bursting of the wall along any<br>portion of the AORTA, such as thoracic or abdominal. It may<br>result from the rupture of an aneurysm or it may be due to<br>TRAUMA.",""],["Aortic Rupture",8352,0.0,"D001019","C14.907.109.139.175",0,"Description: The tearing or bursting of the wall along any<br>portion of the AORTA, such as thoracic or abdominal. It may<br>result from the rupture of an aneurysm or it may be due to<br>TRAUMA.",""],["Aortic Valve Stenosis",47145,0.3,"D001024","C14.280.484.048.750",6,"Description: A pathological constriction that can occur above<br>(supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the<br>AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the<br>LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.",""],["Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular",827,0.0,"D001020","C14.280.955.249.070",1,"Description: A pathological constriction occurring in the region<br>below the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow<br>from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.",""],["Aortic Valve Insufficiency",11595,0.1,"D001022","C14.280.484.048.500",0,"Description: Pathological condition characterized by the backflow<br>of blood from the ASCENDING AORTA back into the LEFT VENTRICLE,<br>leading to regurgitation. It is caused by diseases of the AORTIC<br>VALVE or its surrounding tissue (aortic root).",""],["Aortic Valve Prolapse",146,0.0,"D001023","C14.280.484.048.625",0,"Description: The downward displacement of the cuspal or pointed<br>end of the trileaflet AORTIC VALVE causing misalignment of the<br>cusps. Severe valve distortion can cause leakage and allow the<br>backflow of blood from the ASCENDING AORTA back into the LEFT<br>VENTRICLE, leading to aortic regurgitation.",""],["Aortic Valve Prolapse",146,0.0,"D001023","C14.280.484.400.100",0,"Description: The downward displacement of the cuspal or pointed<br>end of the trileaflet AORTIC VALVE causing misalignment of the<br>cusps. Severe valve distortion can cause leakage and allow the<br>backflow of blood from the ASCENDING AORTA back into the LEFT<br>VENTRICLE, leading to aortic regurgitation.",""],["Aortopulmonary Septal Defect",1119,0.0,"D001028","C14.240.400.560.098",1,"Description: A developmental abnormality in which the spiral<br>(aortopulmonary) septum failed to completely divide the TRUNCUS<br>ARTERIOSUS into ASCENDING AORTA and PULMONARY ARTERY. This<br>abnormal communication between the two major vessels usually lies<br>above their respective valves (AORTIC VALVE; PULMONARY VALVE).",""],["Aortopulmonary Septal Defect",1119,0.0,"D001028","C14.280.400.560.098",1,"Description: A developmental abnormality in which the spiral<br>(aortopulmonary) septum failed to completely divide the TRUNCUS<br>ARTERIOSUS into ASCENDING AORTA and PULMONARY ARTERY. This<br>abnormal communication between the two major vessels usually lies<br>above their respective valves (AORTIC VALVE; PULMONARY VALVE).",""],["Arterio-Arterial Fistula",1492,0.0,"D001159","C14.240.850.984.500",1,"Description: Abnormal communication between two ARTERIES that may<br>result from injury or occur as a congenital abnormality.",""],["Arteriosclerosis Obliterans",3197,0.0,"D001162","C14.907.137.126.114",0,"Description: Common occlusive arterial disease which is caused by<br>ATHEROSCLEROSIS. It is characterized by lesions in the innermost<br>layer (ARTERIAL INTIMA) of arteries including the AORTA and its<br>branches to the extremities. Risk factors include smoking,<br>HYPERLIPIDEMIA, and HYPERTENSION.",""],["Arteriovenous Fistula",14601,0.1,"D001164","C14.240.850.750.147",1,"Description: An abnormal direct communication between an artery<br>and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. An A-V<br>fistula usually leads to the formation of a dilated sac-like<br>connection, arteriovenous aneurysm. The locations and size of the<br>shunts determine the degree of effects on the cardiovascular<br>functions such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.",""],["Arteriovenous Fistula",14601,0.1,"D001164","C14.240.850.984.750",1,"Description: An abnormal direct communication between an artery<br>and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. An A-V<br>fistula usually leads to the formation of a dilated sac-like<br>connection, arteriovenous aneurysm. The locations and size of the<br>shunts determine the degree of effects on the cardiovascular<br>functions such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.",""],["Bundle-Branch Block",7131,0.0,"D002037","C14.280.067.558.323",0,"Description: A form of heart block in which the electrical<br>stimulation of HEART VENTRICLES is interrupted at either one of<br>the branches of BUNDLE OF HIS thus preventing the simultaneous<br>depolarization of the two ventricles.",""],["Bundle-Branch Block",7131,0.0,"D002037","C14.280.123.500.323",0,"Description: A form of heart block in which the electrical<br>stimulation of HEART VENTRICLES is interrupted at either one of<br>the branches of BUNDLE OF HIS thus preventing the simultaneous<br>depolarization of the two ventricles.",""],["Carotid Artery Thrombosis",2249,0.0,"D002341","C14.907.253.123.355",0,"Description: Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID<br>ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the<br>vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.",""],["Carotid Artery Thrombosis",2249,0.0,"D002341","C14.907.253.566.206",0,"Description: Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID<br>ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the<br>vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.",""],["Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis",20306,0.1,"D002542","C14.907.355.590.213",7,"Description: Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which<br>supply intracranial structures. Emboli may originate from<br>extracranial or intracranial sources. Thrombosis may occur in<br>arterial or venous structures.",""],["Intracranial Aneurysm",30857,0.2,"D002532","C14.907.253.560.300",0,"Description: Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial<br>blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms<br>located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the<br>brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or<br>INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter)<br>may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)",""],["Intracranial Arteriosclerosis",9217,0.1,"D002537","C14.907.137.126.372",1,"Description: Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and<br>hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are<br>three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the<br>ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits<br>in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small<br>caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION;<br>transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and<br>HEMIPARESIS.",""],["Intracranial Arteriosclerosis",9217,0.1,"D002537","C14.907.253.560.350",1,"Description: Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and<br>hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are<br>three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the<br>ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits<br>in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small<br>caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION;<br>transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and<br>HEMIPARESIS.",""],["Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations",9008,0.0,"D002538","C14.240.850.750.295",1,"Description: Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain<br>characterized by direct communication between an artery and a<br>vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and<br>size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES;<br>SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and<br>vascular steal effect.",""],["Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations",9008,0.0,"D002538","C14.240.850.875.500",1,"Description: Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain<br>characterized by direct communication between an artery and a<br>vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and<br>size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES;<br>SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and<br>vascular steal effect.",""],["Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations",9008,0.0,"D002538","C14.907.253.560.400",1,"Description: Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain<br>characterized by direct communication between an artery and a<br>vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and<br>size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES;<br>SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and<br>vascular steal effect.",""],["Cerebral Arterial Diseases",16768,0.1,"D002539","C14.907.253.560.200",7,"Description: Pathological conditions of intracranial ARTERIES<br>supplying the CEREBRUM. These diseases often are due to<br>abnormalities or pathological processes in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL<br>ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; and POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY.",""],["Brain Infarction",30683,0.2,"D020520","C14.907.253.092.477",8,"Description: Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including<br>the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM.<br>Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated<br>by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by<br>HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be<br>temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.",""],["Brain Infarction",30683,0.2,"D020520","C14.907.253.855.200",8,"Description: Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including<br>the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM.<br>Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated<br>by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by<br>HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be<br>temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.",""],["Ischemic Attack, Transient",16024,0.1,"D002546","C14.907.253.092.836",0,"Description: Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive<br>ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than<br>24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient<br>thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events<br>may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or<br>etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)",""],["Coronary Aneurysm",4414,0.0,"D003323","C14.280.647.250.250",0,"Description: Abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall<br>of CORONARY VESSELS. Most coronary aneurysms are due to CORONARY<br>ATHEROSCLEROSIS, and the rest are due to inflammatory diseases,<br>such as KAWASAKI DISEASE.",""],["Coronary Aneurysm",4414,0.0,"D003323","C14.907.585.250.250",0,"Description: Abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall<br>of CORONARY VESSELS. Most coronary aneurysms are due to CORONARY<br>ATHEROSCLEROSIS, and the rest are due to inflammatory diseases,<br>such as KAWASAKI DISEASE.",""],["Coronary Artery Disease",70588,0.4,"D003324","C14.280.647.250.260",0,"Description: Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may<br>derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-<br>atherosclerotic cause.",""],["Coronary Artery Disease",70588,0.4,"D003324","C14.907.137.126.339",0,"Description: Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may<br>derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-<br>atherosclerotic cause.",""],["Coronary Artery Disease",70588,0.4,"D003324","C14.907.585.250.260",0,"Description: Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may<br>derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-<br>atherosclerotic cause.",""],["Coronary Thrombosis",6538,0.0,"D003328","C14.280.647.250.290",0,"Description: Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS.<br>The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL<br>INFARCTION.",""],["Coronary Thrombosis",6538,0.0,"D003328","C14.907.355.830.220",0,"Description: Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS.<br>The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL<br>INFARCTION.",""],["Coronary Thrombosis",6538,0.0,"D003328","C14.907.585.250.290",0,"Description: Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS.<br>The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL<br>INFARCTION.",""],["Coronary Vasospasm",3833,0.0,"D003329","C14.280.647.250.295",0,"Description: Spasm of the large- or medium-sized coronary<br>arteries.",""],["Coronary Vasospasm",3833,0.0,"D003329","C14.907.585.250.295",0,"Description: Spasm of the large- or medium-sized coronary<br>arteries.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C14.240.400.021.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C14.280.400.044.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular",10112,0.1,"D006345","C14.240.400.560.540",1,"Description: Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the<br>VENTRICULAR SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between<br>the two lower chambers of the heart. Classification of<br>ventricular septal defects is based on location of the<br>communication, such as perimembranous, inlet, outlet<br>(infundibular), central muscular, marginal muscular, or apical<br>muscular defect.",""],["Double Outlet Right Ventricle",664,0.0,"D004310","C14.240.400.915.300",0,"Description: Incomplete transposition of the great vessels in<br>which both the AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY arise from the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE. The only outlet of the LEFT VENTRICLE is a large<br>ventricular septal defect (VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS or VSD).<br>The various subtypes are classified by the location of the septal<br>defect, such as subaortic, subpulmonary, or noncommitted.",""],["Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular",10112,0.1,"D006345","C14.280.400.560.540",1,"Description: Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the<br>VENTRICULAR SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between<br>the two lower chambers of the heart. Classification of<br>ventricular septal defects is based on location of the<br>communication, such as perimembranous, inlet, outlet<br>(infundibular), central muscular, marginal muscular, or apical<br>muscular defect.",""],["Double Outlet Right Ventricle",664,0.0,"D004310","C14.280.400.915.300",0,"Description: Incomplete transposition of the great vessels in<br>which both the AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY arise from the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE. The only outlet of the LEFT VENTRICLE is a large<br>ventricular septal defect (VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS or VSD).<br>The various subtypes are classified by the location of the septal<br>defect, such as subaortic, subpulmonary, or noncommitted.",""],["Embolism, Air",5079,0.0,"D004618","C14.907.355.350.254",0,"Description: Blocking of a blood vessel by air bubbles that enter<br>the circulatory system, usually after TRAUMA; surgical<br>procedures, or changes in atmospheric pressure.",""],["Embolism, Amniotic Fluid",1103,0.0,"D004619","C14.907.355.350.354",0,"Description: Blocking of maternal circulation by AMNIOTIC FLUID<br>that is forced into uterine VEINS by strong UTERINE CONTRACTION<br>near the end of pregnancy. It is characterized by the sudden<br>onset of severe respiratory distress and HYPOTENSION that can<br>lead to maternal DEATH.",""],["Embolism, Fat",3931,0.0,"D004620","C14.907.355.350.454",2,"Description: Blocking of a blood vessel by fat deposits in the<br>circulation. It is often seen after fractures of large bones or<br>after administration of CORTICOSTEROIDS.",""],["Endarteritis",1087,0.0,"D004692","C14.907.940.090.340",0,"Description: Inflammation of the inner endothelial lining (TUNICA<br>INTIMA) of an artery.",""],["Endocardial Cushion Defects",473,0.0,"D004694","C14.240.400.560.350",0,"Description: A spectrum of septal defects involving the ATRIAL<br>SEPTUM; VENTRICULAR SEPTUM; and the atrioventricular valves<br>(TRICUSPID VALVE; BICUSPID VALVE). These defects are due to<br>incomplete growth and fusion of the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS which<br>are important in the formation of two atrioventricular canals,<br>site of future atrioventricular valves.",""],["Endocardial Cushion Defects",473,0.0,"D004694","C14.280.400.560.350",0,"Description: A spectrum of septal defects involving the ATRIAL<br>SEPTUM; VENTRICULAR SEPTUM; and the atrioventricular valves<br>(TRICUSPID VALVE; BICUSPID VALVE). These defects are due to<br>incomplete growth and fusion of the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS which<br>are important in the formation of two atrioventricular canals,<br>site of future atrioventricular valves.",""],["Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial",1942,0.0,"D004698","C14.280.282.407.407",0,"Description: ENDOCARDIUM infection that is usually caused by<br>STREPTOCOCCUS. Subacute infective endocarditis evolves over weeks<br>and months with modest toxicity and rare metastatic infection.",""],["Heart Septal Defects, Atrial",14286,0.1,"D006344","C14.240.400.560.375",2,"Description: Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the<br>ATRIAL SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the<br>two upper chambers of the heart. Classification of atrial septal<br>defects is based on location of the communication and types of<br>incomplete fusion of atrial septa with the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS<br>in the fetal heart. They include ostium primum, ostium secundum,<br>sinus venosus, and coronary sinus defects.",""],["Heart Septal Defects, Atrial",14286,0.1,"D006344","C14.280.400.560.375",2,"Description: Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the<br>ATRIAL SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the<br>two upper chambers of the heart. Classification of atrial septal<br>defects is based on location of the communication and types of<br>incomplete fusion of atrial septa with the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS<br>in the fetal heart. They include ostium primum, ostium secundum,<br>sinus venosus, and coronary sinus defects.",""],["Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic",12205,0.1,"D020198","C14.907.253.573.400",9,"Description: Bleeding within the SKULL induced by penetrating and<br>nonpenetrating traumatic injuries, including hemorrhages into the<br>tissues of CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM; as well as into<br>the epidural, subdural and subarachnoid spaces of the MENINGES.",""],["Venous Thrombosis",52185,0.3,"D020246","C14.907.355.830.925",6,"Description: The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS)<br>within a vein.",""],["Hypertension, Renovascular",5526,0.0,"D006978","C14.907.489.631.485",0,"Description: Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or<br>compression.",""],["Intermittent Claudication",5592,0.0,"D007383","C14.907.137.126.669",0,"Description: A symptom complex characterized by pain and weakness<br>in SKELETAL MUSCLE group associated with exercise, such as leg<br>pain and weakness brought on by walking. Such muscle limpness<br>disappears after a brief rest and is often relates to arterial<br>STENOSIS; muscle ISCHEMIA; and accumulation of LACTATE.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C14.240.400.280.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C14.280.400.280.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome",32,0.0,"D008151","C14.280.067.780.560",0,"Description: A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized<br>by a short PR interval and a normal QRS complex. In this<br>syndrome, the atrial impulse conducts via the JAMES FIBERS which<br>connect the atrium to BUNDLE OF HIS bypassing the upper<br>ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. HEART VENTRICLES are depolarized normally<br>through the His-Purkinje system.",""],["Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome",32,0.0,"D008151","C14.280.123.750.560",0,"Description: A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized<br>by a short PR interval and a normal QRS complex. In this<br>syndrome, the atrial impulse conducts via the JAMES FIBERS which<br>connect the atrium to BUNDLE OF HIS bypassing the upper<br>ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. HEART VENTRICLES are depolarized normally<br>through the His-Purkinje system.",""],["Mitral Valve Prolapse",4429,0.0,"D008945","C14.280.484.400.500",0,"Description: Abnormal protrusion or billowing of one or both of<br>the leaflets of MITRAL VALVE into the LEFT ATRIUM during SYSTOLE.<br>This allows the backflow of blood into left atrium leading to<br>MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY; SYSTOLIC MURMURS; or CARDIAC<br>ARRHYTHMIA.",""],["Moyamoya Disease",4195,0.0,"D009072","C14.907.253.123.620",0,"Description: A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the<br>intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike<br>collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral<br>angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the<br>base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA<br>and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease<br>primarily affects children but can also occur in adults.",""],["Polyarteritis Nodosa",5178,0.0,"D010488","C14.907.940.090.720",0,"Description: A form of necrotizing non-granulomatous inflammation<br>occurring primarily in medium-sized ARTERIES, often with<br>microaneurysms. It is characterized by muscle, joint, and<br>abdominal pain resulting from arterial infarction and scarring in<br>affected organs. Polyarteritis nodosa with lung involvement is<br>called CHURG-STRAUSS SYNDROME.",""],["Polyarteritis Nodosa",5178,0.0,"D010488","C14.907.940.897.500",0,"Description: A form of necrotizing non-granulomatous inflammation<br>occurring primarily in medium-sized ARTERIES, often with<br>microaneurysms. It is characterized by muscle, joint, and<br>abdominal pain resulting from arterial infarction and scarring in<br>affected organs. Polyarteritis nodosa with lung involvement is<br>called CHURG-STRAUSS SYNDROME.",""],["Pituitary Apoplexy",893,0.0,"D010899","C14.907.253.573.600",0,"Description: The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY<br>GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of function<br>(PANHYPOPITUITARISM). The most common cause is hemorrhage or<br>INFARCTION of a PITUITARY ADENOMA. It can also result from acute<br>hemorrhage into SELLA TURCICA due to HEAD TRAUMA; INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION; or other acute effects of central nervous system<br>hemorrhage. Clinical signs include severe HEADACHE; HYPOTENSION;<br>bilateral visual disturbances; UNCONSCIOUSNESS; and COMA.",""],["Postphlebitic Syndrome",469,0.0,"D011186","C14.907.617.718.760",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a chronically swollen<br>limb, often a leg with stasis dermatitis and ulcerations. This<br>syndrome can appear soon after phlebitis or years later.<br>Postphlebitic syndrome is the result of damaged or incompetent<br>venous valves in the limbs. Distended, tortuous VARICOSE VEINS<br>are usually present. Leg pain may occur after long period of<br>standing.",""],["Pre-Excitation, Mahaim-Type",136,0.0,"D011227","C14.280.067.780.770",0,"Description: A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized<br>by a normal PR interval and a long QRS interval with an initial<br>slow deflection (delta wave). In this syndrome, the atrial<br>impulse travel to the ventricle via the MAHAIM FIBERS which<br>connect ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE directly to the right ventricle<br>wall (NODOVENTRICULAR ACCESSORY PATHWAY) or to the RIGHT BUNDLE<br>BRANCH OF HIS (nodofascicular accessory pathway).",""],["Pre-Excitation, Mahaim-Type",136,0.0,"D011227","C14.280.123.750.770",0,"Description: A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized<br>by a normal PR interval and a long QRS interval with an initial<br>slow deflection (delta wave). In this syndrome, the atrial<br>impulse travel to the ventricle via the MAHAIM FIBERS which<br>connect ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE directly to the right ventricle<br>wall (NODOVENTRICULAR ACCESSORY PATHWAY) or to the RIGHT BUNDLE<br>BRANCH OF HIS (nodofascicular accessory pathway).",""],["Pulmonary Embolism",35608,0.2,"D011655","C14.907.355.350.700",1,"Description: Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its<br>branches by an EMBOLUS.",""],["Pulmonary Subvalvular Stenosis",148,0.0,"D011662","C14.280.484.716.762",0,"Description: Narrowing below the PULMONARY VALVE or well below it<br>in the infundibuluar chamber where the pulmonary artery<br>originates, usually caused by a defective VENTRICULAR SEPTUM or<br>presence of fibrous tissues. It is characterized by restricted<br>blood outflow from the RIGHT VENTRICLE into the PULMONARY ARTERY,<br>exertional fatigue, DYSPNEA, and chest discomfort.",""],["Pulmonary Subvalvular Stenosis",148,0.0,"D011662","C14.280.955.750.762",0,"Description: Narrowing below the PULMONARY VALVE or well below it<br>in the infundibuluar chamber where the pulmonary artery<br>originates, usually caused by a defective VENTRICULAR SEPTUM or<br>presence of fibrous tissues. It is characterized by restricted<br>blood outflow from the RIGHT VENTRICLE into the PULMONARY ARTERY,<br>exertional fatigue, DYSPNEA, and chest discomfort.",""],["Shock, Cardiogenic",6811,0.0,"D012770","C14.280.647.500.750",0,"Description: Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in<br>heart disease.",""],["Shock, Cardiogenic",6811,0.0,"D012770","C14.907.585.500.750",0,"Description: Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in<br>heart disease.",""],["Sick Sinus Syndrome",2049,0.0,"D012804","C14.280.067.093.249",0,"Description: A condition caused by dysfunctions related to the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE including impulse generation (CARDIAC SINUS<br>ARREST) and impulse conduction (SINOATRIAL EXIT BLOCK). It is<br>characterized by persistent BRADYCARDIA, chronic ATRIAL<br>FIBRILLATION, and failure to resume sinus rhythm following<br>CARDIOVERSION. This syndrome can be congenital or acquired,<br>particularly after surgical correction for heart defects.",""],["Sick Sinus Syndrome",2049,0.0,"D012804","C14.280.067.558.536",0,"Description: A condition caused by dysfunctions related to the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE including impulse generation (CARDIAC SINUS<br>ARREST) and impulse conduction (SINOATRIAL EXIT BLOCK). It is<br>characterized by persistent BRADYCARDIA, chronic ATRIAL<br>FIBRILLATION, and failure to resume sinus rhythm following<br>CARDIOVERSION. This syndrome can be congenital or acquired,<br>particularly after surgical correction for heart defects.",""],["Sick Sinus Syndrome",2049,0.0,"D012804","C14.280.123.500.536",0,"Description: A condition caused by dysfunctions related to the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE including impulse generation (CARDIAC SINUS<br>ARREST) and impulse conduction (SINOATRIAL EXIT BLOCK). It is<br>characterized by persistent BRADYCARDIA, chronic ATRIAL<br>FIBRILLATION, and failure to resume sinus rhythm following<br>CARDIOVERSION. This syndrome can be congenital or acquired,<br>particularly after surgical correction for heart defects.",""],["Sinoatrial Block",366,0.0,"D012848","C14.280.067.558.750",0,"Description: Disturbance in the atrial activation that is caused<br>by transient failure of impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL<br>NODE to the HEART ATRIA. It is characterized by a delayed in<br>heartbeat and pauses between P waves in an ELECTROCARDIOGRAM.",""],["Sinoatrial Block",366,0.0,"D012848","C14.280.123.500.750",0,"Description: Disturbance in the atrial activation that is caused<br>by transient failure of impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL<br>NODE to the HEART ATRIA. It is characterized by a delayed in<br>heartbeat and pauses between P waves in an ELECTROCARDIOGRAM.",""],["Intracranial Thrombosis",6999,0.0,"D020767","C14.907.253.566.350",4,"Description: Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in<br>a blood vessel within the SKULL. Intracranial thrombosis can lead<br>to thrombotic occlusions and BRAIN INFARCTION. The majority of<br>the thrombotic occlusions are associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS.",""],["Subarachnoid Hemorrhage",19776,0.1,"D013345","C14.907.253.573.800",1,"Description: Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal<br>SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM<br>rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID<br>HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE;<br>NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits<br>and reduced mental status.",""],["Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency",4838,0.0,"D014715","C14.907.253.092.956",1,"Description: Localized or diffuse reduction in blood flow through<br>the vertebrobasilar arterial system, which supplies the BRAIN<br>STEM; CEREBELLUM; OCCIPITAL LOBE; medial TEMPORAL LOBE; and<br>THALAMUS. Characteristic clinical features include SYNCOPE;<br>lightheadedness; visual disturbances; and VERTIGO. BRAIN STEM<br>INFARCTIONS or other BRAIN INFARCTION may be associated.",""],["Tachycardia, Reciprocating",3433,0.0,"D054139","C14.280.067.845.787",2,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentrant<br>conduction over the accessory pathways between the HEART ATRIA<br>and the HEART VENTRICLES. The impulse can also travel in the<br>reverse direction, as in some cases, atrial impulses travel to<br>the ventricles over the accessory pathways and back to the atria<br>over the BUNDLE OF HIS and the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE.",""],["Tachycardia, Reciprocating",3433,0.0,"D054139","C14.280.123.875.787",2,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentrant<br>conduction over the accessory pathways between the HEART ATRIA<br>and the HEART VENTRICLES. The impulse can also travel in the<br>reverse direction, as in some cases, atrial impulses travel to<br>the ventricles over the accessory pathways and back to the atria<br>over the BUNDLE OF HIS and the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE.",""],["Tachycardia, Supraventricular",7772,0.0,"D013617","C14.280.067.845.880",3,"Description: A generic expression for any tachycardia that<br>originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.",""],["Tachycardia, Supraventricular",7772,0.0,"D013617","C14.280.123.875.880",3,"Description: A generic expression for any tachycardia that<br>originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.",""],["Tachycardia, Paroxysmal",3628,0.0,"D013614","C14.280.067.845.695",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats with sudden onset and<br>cessation.",""],["Tachycardia, Paroxysmal",3628,0.0,"D013614","C14.280.123.875.695",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats with sudden onset and<br>cessation.",""],["Takayasu Arteritis",4651,0.0,"D013625","C14.907.109.239.650",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory process that affects the<br>AORTA and its primary branches, such as the brachiocephalic<br>artery (BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK) and CAROTID ARTERIES. It results<br>in progressive arterial stenosis, occlusion, and aneurysm<br>formation. The pulse in the arm is hard to detect. Patients with<br>aortitis syndrome often exhibit retinopathy.",""],["Takayasu Arteritis",4651,0.0,"D013625","C14.907.940.090.800",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory process that affects the<br>AORTA and its primary branches, such as the brachiocephalic<br>artery (BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK) and CAROTID ARTERIES. It results<br>in progressive arterial stenosis, occlusion, and aneurysm<br>formation. The pulse in the arm is hard to detect. Patients with<br>aortitis syndrome often exhibit retinopathy.",""],["Giant Cell Arteritis",7230,0.0,"D013700","C14.907.253.946.700",0,"Description: A systemic autoimmune disorder that typically<br>affects medium and large ARTERIES, usually leading to occlusive<br>granulomatous vasculitis with transmural infiltrate containing<br>multinucleated GIANT CELLS. The TEMPORAL ARTERY is commonly<br>involved. This disorder appears primarily in people over the age<br>of 50. Symptoms include FEVER; FATIGUE; HEADACHE; visual<br>impairment; pain in the jaw and tongue; and aggravation of pain<br>by cold temperatures. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed)",""],["Giant Cell Arteritis",7230,0.0,"D013700","C14.907.940.090.530",0,"Description: A systemic autoimmune disorder that typically<br>affects medium and large ARTERIES, usually leading to occlusive<br>granulomatous vasculitis with transmural infiltrate containing<br>multinucleated GIANT CELLS. The TEMPORAL ARTERY is commonly<br>involved. This disorder appears primarily in people over the age<br>of 50. Symptoms include FEVER; FATIGUE; HEADACHE; visual<br>impairment; pain in the jaw and tongue; and aggravation of pain<br>by cold temperatures. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed)",""],["Giant Cell Arteritis",7230,0.0,"D013700","C14.907.940.907.700",0,"Description: A systemic autoimmune disorder that typically<br>affects medium and large ARTERIES, usually leading to occlusive<br>granulomatous vasculitis with transmural infiltrate containing<br>multinucleated GIANT CELLS. The TEMPORAL ARTERY is commonly<br>involved. This disorder appears primarily in people over the age<br>of 50. Symptoms include FEVER; FATIGUE; HEADACHE; visual<br>impairment; pain in the jaw and tongue; and aggravation of pain<br>by cold temperatures. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed)",""],["Thrombophlebitis",16707,0.1,"D013924","C14.907.617.718.788",1,"Description: Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot<br>(THROMBUS).",""],["Thrombophlebitis",16707,0.1,"D013924","C14.907.940.740.910",1,"Description: Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot<br>(THROMBUS).",""],["Tricuspid Valve Prolapse",72,0.0,"D014263","C14.280.484.400.875",0,"Description: Abnormal protrusion of one or more of the leaflets<br>of TRICUSPID VALVE into the RIGHT ATRIUM during SYSTOLE. This<br>allows the backflow of blood into right atrium leading to<br>TRICUSPID VALVE INSUFFICIENCY; SYSTOLIC MURMURS. Its most common<br>cause is not primary valve abnormality but rather the dilation of<br>the RIGHT VENTRICLE and the tricuspid annulus.",""],["Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis",12534,0.1,"D056648","C14.907.940.897.249",3,"Description: Group of systemic vasculitis with a strong<br>association with ANCA. The disorders are characterized by<br>necrotizing inflammation of small and medium size vessels, with<br>little or no immune-complex deposits in vessel walls.",""],["Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome",4593,0.0,"D014927","C14.280.067.780.977",0,"Description: A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized<br>by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave.<br>In this syndrome, atrial impulses are abnormally conducted to the<br>HEART VENTRICLES via an ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAY that is<br>located between the wall of the right or left atria and the<br>ventricles, also known as a BUNDLE OF KENT. The inherited form<br>can be caused by mutation of PRKAG2 gene encoding a gamma-2<br>regulatory subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase.",""],["Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome",4593,0.0,"D014927","C14.280.123.750.977",0,"Description: A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized<br>by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave.<br>In this syndrome, atrial impulses are abnormally conducted to the<br>HEART VENTRICLES via an ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAY that is<br>located between the wall of the right or left atria and the<br>ventricles, also known as a BUNDLE OF KENT. The inherited form<br>can be caused by mutation of PRKAG2 gene encoding a gamma-2<br>regulatory subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase.",""],["Tachycardia, Ventricular",17912,0.1,"D017180","C14.280.067.845.940",2,"Description: An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in<br>excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the<br>ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse<br>formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the<br>etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal<br>(sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform<br>or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of<br>the atrial beating (AV dissociation).",""],["Tachycardia, Ventricular",17912,0.1,"D017180","C14.280.123.875.940",2,"Description: An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in<br>excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the<br>ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse<br>formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the<br>etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal<br>(sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform<br>or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of<br>the atrial beating (AV dissociation).",""],["Carotid Stenosis",16471,0.1,"D016893","C14.907.253.123.360",0,"Description: Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID<br>ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation.<br>Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce<br>THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from<br>stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;<br>CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS<br>FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp<br>822-3)",""],["MELAS Syndrome",1350,0.0,"D017241","C14.907.253.329.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or<br>generalized seizures, episodes of transient or persistent<br>neurologic dysfunction resembling strokes, and ragged-red fibers<br>on muscle biopsy. Affected individuals tend to be normal at birth<br>through early childhood, then experience growth failure, episodic<br>vomiting, and recurrent cerebral insults resulting in visual loss<br>and hemiparesis. The cortical lesions tend to occur in the<br>parietal and occipital lobes and are not associated with vascular<br>occlusion. VASCULAR HEADACHE is frequently associated and the<br>disorder tends to be familial. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, p117)",""],["Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal",22260,0.1,"D017544","C14.907.055.239.075",0,"Description: An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the<br>wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the<br>parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic<br>hiatus at the diaphragm.",""],["Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal",22260,0.1,"D017544","C14.907.109.139.075",0,"Description: An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the<br>wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the<br>parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic<br>hiatus at the diaphragm.",""],["Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic",14322,0.1,"D017545","C14.907.055.239.125",0,"Description: An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the<br>wall of the THORACIC AORTA. This proximal descending portion of<br>aorta gives rise to the visceral and the parietal branches above<br>the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.",""],["Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic",14322,0.1,"D017545","C14.907.109.139.125",0,"Description: An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the<br>wall of the THORACIC AORTA. This proximal descending portion of<br>aorta gives rise to the visceral and the parietal branches above<br>the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.",""],["Microvascular Angina",1177,0.0,"D017566","C14.280.647.187.575",0,"Description: ANGINA PECTORIS or angina-like chest pain with a<br>normal coronary arteriogram and positive EXERCISE TEST. The cause<br>of the syndrome is unknown. While its recognition is of clinical<br>importance, its prognosis is excellent. (Braunwald, Heart<br>Disease, 4th ed, p1346; Jablonski Dictionary of Syndromes &<br>Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed). It is different from METABOLIC<br>SYNDROME X, a syndrome characterized by INSULIN RESISTANCE and<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA, that has increased risk for cardiovascular<br>disease.",""],["Microvascular Angina",1177,0.0,"D017566","C14.907.585.187.575",0,"Description: ANGINA PECTORIS or angina-like chest pain with a<br>normal coronary arteriogram and positive EXERCISE TEST. The cause<br>of the syndrome is unknown. While its recognition is of clinical<br>importance, its prognosis is excellent. (Braunwald, Heart<br>Disease, 4th ed, p1346; Jablonski Dictionary of Syndromes &<br>Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed). It is different from METABOLIC<br>SYNDROME X, a syndrome characterized by INSULIN RESISTANCE and<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA, that has increased risk for cardiovascular<br>disease.",""],["CREST Syndrome",258,0.0,"D017675","C14.907.617.812.500",0,"Description: A mild form of LIMITED SCLERODERMA, a multi-system<br>disorder. Its features include symptoms of CALCINOSIS; RAYNAUD<br>DISEASE; ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS; sclerodactyly, and<br>TELANGIECTASIS. When the defect in esophageal function is not<br>prominent, it is known as CRST syndrome.",""],["Ventricular Septal Rupture",886,0.0,"D018658","C14.280.470.475.900",0,"Description: Laceration or tearing of the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM,<br>usually caused by MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.",""],["Ventricular Premature Complexes",2548,0.0,"D018879","C14.280.067.325.500",0,"Description: A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature<br>contractions of the HEART VENTRICLES. It is characterized by the<br>premature QRS complex on ECG that is of abnormal shape and great<br>duration (generally >129 msec). It is the most common form of all<br>cardiac arrhythmias. Premature ventricular complexes have no<br>clinical significance except in concurrence with heart diseases.",""],["Ventricular Premature Complexes",2548,0.0,"D018879","C14.280.123.375.500",0,"Description: A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature<br>contractions of the HEART VENTRICLES. It is characterized by the<br>premature QRS complex on ECG that is of abnormal shape and great<br>duration (generally >129 msec). It is the most common form of all<br>cardiac arrhythmias. Premature ventricular complexes have no<br>clinical significance except in concurrence with heart diseases.",""],["Atrial Premature Complexes",488,0.0,"D018880","C14.280.067.325.250",0,"Description: A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature atrial<br>contractions or beats caused by signals originating from ectopic<br>atrial sites. The ectopic signals may or may not conduct to the<br>HEART VENTRICLES. Atrial premature complexes are characterized by<br>premature P waves on ECG which are different in configuration<br>from the P waves generated by the normal pacemaker complex in the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE.",""],["Atrial Premature Complexes",488,0.0,"D018880","C14.280.123.375.250",0,"Description: A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature atrial<br>contractions or beats caused by signals originating from ectopic<br>atrial sites. The ectopic signals may or may not conduct to the<br>HEART VENTRICLES. Atrial premature complexes are characterized by<br>premature P waves on ECG which are different in configuration<br>from the P waves generated by the normal pacemaker complex in the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE.",""],["Embolism, Paradoxical",1012,0.0,"D019320","C14.907.355.590.400",0,"Description: Blockage of an artery due to passage of a clot<br>(THROMBUS) from a systemic vein to a systemic artery without its<br>passing through the lung which acts as a filter to remove blood<br>clots from entering the arterial circulation. Paradoxical<br>embolism occurs when there is a defect that allows a clot to<br>cross directly from the right to the left side of the heart as in<br>the cases of ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS or open FORAMEN OVALE. Once in<br>the arterial circulation, a clot can travel to the brain, block<br>an artery, and cause a STROKE.",""],["Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage",368,0.0,"D020145","C14.907.253.061.200",1,"Description: Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral<br>hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associated with<br>HYPERTENSION or ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS. Clinical<br>manifestations may include HEADACHE; DYSKINESIAS; and<br>HEMIPARESIS.",""],["Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic",212,0.0,"D020206","C14.907.253.535.600",0,"Description: Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptomatic;<br>moderate to severe hemorrhages may be associated with<br>INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION and VASOSPASM, INTRACRANIAL.",""],["Carotid Artery Injuries",4538,0.0,"D020212","C14.907.253.123.345",1,"Description: Damages to the CAROTID ARTERIES caused either by<br>blunt force or penetrating trauma, such as CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA;<br>THORACIC INJURIES; and NECK INJURIES. Damaged carotid arteries<br>can lead to CAROTID ARTERY THROMBOSIS; CAROTID-CAVERNOUS SINUS<br>FISTULA; pseudoaneurysm formation; and INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY<br>DISSECTION. (From Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1997, 18:251; J Trauma<br>1994, 37:473)",""],["Carotid Artery Injuries",5658,0.0,"D020212","C14.907.253.535.500",2,"Description: Damages to the CAROTID ARTERIES caused either by<br>blunt force or penetrating trauma, such as CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA;<br>THORACIC INJURIES; and NECK INJURIES. Damaged carotid arteries<br>can lead to CAROTID ARTERY THROMBOSIS; CAROTID-CAVERNOUS SINUS<br>FISTULA; pseudoaneurysm formation; and INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY<br>DISSECTION. (From Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1997, 18:251; J Trauma<br>1994, 37:473)",""],["Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection",1578,0.0,"D020215","C14.907.055.050.150",0,"Description: The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both<br>(left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ARTERY,<br>INTERNAL). Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel<br>wall can lead to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and<br>aneurysm formation.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C14.907.150.125.500",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C14.907.253.123.357",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C14.907.933.555.500",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Vertebral Artery Dissection",1631,0.0,"D020217","C14.907.055.050.575",0,"Description: Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL<br>ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel wall<br>can lead to occlusion of the vertebral artery, aneurysm<br>formation, or THROMBOEMBOLISM. Vertebral artery dissection is<br>often associated with TRAUMA and injuries to the head-neck region<br>but can occur spontaneously.",""],["Vertebral Artery Dissection",1631,0.0,"D020217","C14.907.253.535.800",0,"Description: Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL<br>ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel wall<br>can lead to occlusion of the vertebral artery, aneurysm<br>formation, or THROMBOEMBOLISM. Vertebral artery dissection is<br>often associated with TRAUMA and injuries to the head-neck region<br>but can occur spontaneously.",""],["Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive",456,0.0,"D020299","C14.907.253.573.350",0,"Description: Bleeding within the SKULL that is caused by systemic<br>HYPERTENSION, usually in association with INTRACRANIAL<br>ARTERIOSCLEROSIS. Hypertensive hemorrhages are most frequent in<br>the BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; PONS; and THALAMUS; but may also<br>involve the CEREBRAL CORTEX, subcortical white matter, and other<br>brain structures.",""],["Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome",119,0.0,"D020759","C14.907.790.550.100",0,"Description: Ischemia or infarction of the spinal cord in the<br>distribution of the anterior spinal artery, which supplies the<br>ventral two-thirds of the spinal cord. This condition is usually<br>associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS of the aorta and may result from<br>dissection of an AORTIC ANEURYSM or rarely dissection of the<br>anterior spinal artery. Clinical features include weakness and<br>loss of pain and temperature sensation below the level of injury,<br>with relative sparing of position and vibratory sensation. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1249-50)",""],["Intracranial Embolism",5175,0.0,"D020766","C14.907.253.566.300",0,"Description: Blocking of a blood vessel in the SKULL by an<br>EMBOLUS which can be a blood clot (THROMBUS) or other undissolved<br>material in the blood stream. Most emboli are of cardiac origin<br>and are associated with HEART DISEASES. Other non-cardiac sources<br>of emboli are usually associated with VASCULAR DISEASES.",""],["Sinus Pericranii",134,0.0,"D020779","C14.240.850.875.750",0,"Description: Rare vascular anomaly involving a communication<br>between the intracranial and extracranial venous circulation via<br>diploe, the central spongy layer of cranial bone. It is often<br>characterized by dilated venous structures on the scalp due to<br>abnormal drainage from the intracranial venous sinuses. Sinus<br>pericranii can be congenital or traumatic in origin.",""],["Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System",1927,0.0,"D020786","C14.240.850.875.249",0,"Description: A vascular anomaly composed of a collection of<br>large, thin walled tortuous VEINS that can occur in any part of<br>the central nervous system but lack intervening nervous tissue.<br>Familial occurrence is common and has been associated with a<br>number of genes mapped to 7q, 7p and 3q. Clinical features<br>include SEIZURES; HEADACHE; STROKE; and progressive neurological<br>deficit.",""],["Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System",1927,0.0,"D020786","C14.907.454.385.500",0,"Description: A vascular anomaly composed of a collection of<br>large, thin walled tortuous VEINS that can occur in any part of<br>the central nervous system but lack intervening nervous tissue.<br>Familial occurrence is common and has been associated with a<br>number of genes mapped to 7q, 7p and 3q. Clinical features<br>include SEIZURES; HEADACHE; STROKE; and progressive neurological<br>deficit.",""],["Central Nervous System Venous Angioma",117,0.0,"D020787","C14.240.850.875.124",0,"Description: A vascular anomaly characterized by a radial or<br>wedge-shaped arrangement of dilated VEINS draining into a larger<br>vein in the brain, spinal cord, or the meninges. Veins in a<br>venous angioma are surrounded by normal nervous tissue, unlike a<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA that lacks<br>intervening nervous tissue. Drainage of venous angioma is fully<br>integrated with the body's venous system, therefore, in most<br>cases there is no clinical signs and rare bleeding.",""],["Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain",6617,0.0,"D020925","C14.907.253.092.716",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in<br>the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the<br>brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from<br>systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated<br>with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA;<br>COMA; and other conditions.",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C14.907.253.946.175",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C14.907.940.090.170",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C14.907.940.907.175",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C14.907.253.946.850",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C14.907.940.907.850",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular",287,0.0,"D021921","C14.280.955.249.535",0,"Description: A pathological constriction occurring in the region<br>above the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow<br>from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.",""],["Coronary Stenosis",18396,0.1,"D023921","C14.280.647.250.285",1,"Description: Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.",""],["Coronary Stenosis",18396,0.1,"D023921","C14.907.585.250.285",1,"Description: Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, Familial",706,0.0,"D024741","C14.280.238.100.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited form of HYPERTROPHIC<br>CARDIOMYOPATHY. It results from any of more than 50 mutations<br>involving genes encoding contractile proteins such as VENTRICULAR<br>MYOSINS; cardiac TROPONIN T; ALPHA-TROPOMYOSIN.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C14.907.253.329.311",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["Jervell-Lange Nielsen Syndrome",128,0.0,"D029593","C14.280.067.565.440",0,"Description: A form of long QT syndrome that is associated with<br>congenital deafness. It is characterized by abnormal<br>cardioelectrophysiology involving the VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM<br>CHANNEL. It results from mutation of KCNQ1 gene (Subtype 1 or<br>JLN1) or the KCNE1 gene (Subtype 2 or JLN2).",""],["Jervell-Lange Nielsen Syndrome",128,0.0,"D029593","C14.280.123.625.440",0,"Description: A form of long QT syndrome that is associated with<br>congenital deafness. It is characterized by abnormal<br>cardioelectrophysiology involving the VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM<br>CHANNEL. It results from mutation of KCNQ1 gene (Subtype 1 or<br>JLN1) or the KCNE1 gene (Subtype 2 or JLN2).",""],["Romano-Ward Syndrome",168,0.0,"D029597","C14.280.067.565.720",0,"Description: A form of long QT syndrome that is without<br>congenital deafness. It is caused by mutation of the KCNQ1 gene<br>which encodes a protein in the VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL.",""],["Romano-Ward Syndrome",168,0.0,"D029597","C14.280.123.625.720",0,"Description: A form of long QT syndrome that is without<br>congenital deafness. It is caused by mutation of the KCNQ1 gene<br>which encodes a protein in the VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL.",""],["LEOPARD Syndrome",212,0.0,"D044542","C14.280.484.716.525",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of<br>its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abnormalities;<br>ocular HYPERTELORISM; PULMONARY STENOSIS; abnormal genitalia;<br>retardation of growth; and DEAFNESS or SENSORINEURAL HEARING<br>LOSS). This syndrome is caused by mutations of PTPN11 gene<br>encoding the non-receptor PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, type 11,<br>and is an allelic to NOONAN SYNDROME. Features of LEOPARD<br>syndrome overlap with those of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 which is<br>caused by mutations in the NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 GENES.",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C14.907.253.329.249",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["Andersen Syndrome",185,0.0,"D050030","C14.280.067.565.070",0,"Description: A form of inherited long QT syndrome (or LQT7) that<br>is characterized by a triad of potassium-sensitive periodic<br>paralysis, VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC BEATS, and abnormal features such<br>as short stature, low-set ears, and SCOLIOSIS. It results from<br>mutations of KCNJ2 gene which encodes a channel protein (INWARD<br>RECTIFIER POTASSIUM CHANNELS) that regulates resting membrane<br>potential.",""],["Andersen Syndrome",185,0.0,"D050030","C14.280.123.625.070",0,"Description: A form of inherited long QT syndrome (or LQT7) that<br>is characterized by a triad of potassium-sensitive periodic<br>paralysis, VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC BEATS, and abnormal features such<br>as short stature, low-set ears, and SCOLIOSIS. It results from<br>mutations of KCNJ2 gene which encodes a channel protein (INWARD<br>RECTIFIER POTASSIUM CHANNELS) that regulates resting membrane<br>potential.",""],["Arteriolosclerosis",151,0.0,"D050379","C14.907.137.126.056",0,"Description: Thickening of the walls of small ARTERIES or<br>ARTERIOLES due to cell proliferation or HYALINE deposition.",""],["Coronary Occlusion",4245,0.0,"D054059","C14.280.647.250.272",0,"Description: Complete blockage of blood flow through one of the<br>CORONARY ARTERIES, usually from CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS.",""],["Coronary Occlusion",4245,0.0,"D054059","C14.907.585.250.272",0,"Description: Complete blockage of blood flow through one of the<br>CORONARY ARTERIES, usually from CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS.",""],["Vein of Galen Malformations",266,0.0,"D054080","C14.907.150.295.500",0,"Description: Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the<br>VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of the brain. The<br>rush of arterial blood directly into the vein of Galen, without<br>passing through the CAPILLARIES, can overwhelm the heart and lead<br>to CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.",""],["Myocardial Bridging",514,0.0,"D054084","C14.240.400.210.500",0,"Description: A malformation that is characterized by a muscle<br>bridge over a segment of the CORONARY ARTERIES. Systolic<br>contractions of the muscle bridge can lead to narrowing of<br>coronary artery; coronary compression; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA;<br>MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH.",""],["Myocardial Bridging",514,0.0,"D054084","C14.280.400.210.500",0,"Description: A malformation that is characterized by a muscle<br>bridge over a segment of the CORONARY ARTERIES. Systolic<br>contractions of the muscle bridge can lead to narrowing of<br>coronary artery; coronary compression; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA;<br>MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH.",""],["Sinus Arrest, Cardiac",70,0.0,"D054138","C14.280.067.093.500",0,"Description: The omission of atrial activation that is caused by<br>transient cessation of impulse generation at the SINOATRIAL NODE.<br>It is characterized by a prolonged pause without P wave in an<br>ELECTROCARDIOGRAM. Sinus arrest has been associated with sleep<br>apnea (REM SLEEP-RELATED SINUS ARREST).",""],["Atrioventricular Block",3234,0.0,"D054537","C14.280.067.558.230",0,"Description: Impaired impulse conduction from HEART ATRIA to<br>HEART VENTRICLES. AV block can mean delayed or completely blocked<br>impulse conduction.",""],["Atrioventricular Block",3234,0.0,"D054537","C14.280.123.500.230",0,"Description: Impaired impulse conduction from HEART ATRIA to<br>HEART VENTRICLES. AV block can mean delayed or completely blocked<br>impulse conduction.",""],["Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy",5209,0.0,"D054549","C14.280.945.900.500",0,"Description: A transient left ventricular apical dysfunction or<br>ballooning accompanied by electrocardiographic (ECG) T wave<br>inversions. This abnormality is associated with high levels of<br>CATECHOLAMINES, either administered or endogenously secreted from<br>a tumor or during extreme stress.",""],["Venous Thromboembolism",14944,0.1,"D054556","C14.907.355.590.700",0,"Description: Obstruction of a vein or VEINS (embolism) by a blood<br>clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream.",""],["Loeys-Dietz Syndrome",390,0.0,"D055947","C14.907.055.050.362",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant aneurysm with multisystem<br>abnormalities caused by increased TGF-BETA signaling due to<br>mutations in type I or II of TGF-BETA RECEPTOR. Additional<br>craniofacial features include CLEFT PALATE; CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>HYPERTELORISM; or bifid uvula. Phenotypes closely resemble MARFAN<br>SYNDROME; Marfanoid craniosynostosis syndrome (Shprintzen-<br>Goldberg syndrome); and EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME.",""],["Loeys-Dietz Syndrome",390,0.0,"D055947","C14.907.055.239.587",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant aneurysm with multisystem<br>abnormalities caused by increased TGF-BETA signaling due to<br>mutations in type I or II of TGF-BETA RECEPTOR. Additional<br>craniofacial features include CLEFT PALATE; CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>HYPERTELORISM; or bifid uvula. Phenotypes closely resemble MARFAN<br>SYNDROME; Marfanoid craniosynostosis syndrome (Shprintzen-<br>Goldberg syndrome); and EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME.",""],["Loeys-Dietz Syndrome",390,0.0,"D055947","C14.907.109.139.587",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant aneurysm with multisystem<br>abnormalities caused by increased TGF-BETA signaling due to<br>mutations in type I or II of TGF-BETA RECEPTOR. Additional<br>craniofacial features include CLEFT PALATE; CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>HYPERTELORISM; or bifid uvula. Phenotypes closely resemble MARFAN<br>SYNDROME; Marfanoid craniosynostosis syndrome (Shprintzen-<br>Goldberg syndrome); and EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME.",""],["Microscopic Polyangiitis",602,0.0,"D055953","C14.907.253.329.600",0,"Description: A primary systemic vasculitis of small- and some<br>medium-sized vessels. It is characterized by a tropism for<br>kidneys and lungs, positive association with anti-neutrophil<br>cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), and a paucity of immunoglobulin<br>deposits in vessel walls.",""],["Susac Syndrome",301,0.0,"D055955","C14.907.137.780.500",0,"Description: A rare disorder consisting of microangiopathy of<br>brain, retina, and inner ear ARTERIOLES. It is characterized by<br>the clinical triad of encephalopathy, BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY<br>OCCLUSION and VERTIGO/hearing loss.",""],["Rheumatoid Vasculitis",72,0.0,"D056653","C14.907.940.897.750",0,"Description: Necrotizing VASCULITIS of small and medium size<br>vessels, developing as a complication in RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS<br>patients. It is characterized by peripheral vascular lesions,<br>cutaneous ULCERS, peripheral GANGRENE, and MONONEURITIS<br>MULTIPLEX.",""],["Hereditary Angioedema Type III",44,0.0,"D056828","C14.907.079.500.500",0,"Description: A form of hereditary angioedema that occurs in women<br>and is precipitated or worsened by high ESTROGEN levels. It is<br>associated with mutations in the gene for FACTOR XII that result<br>in its increased activity.",""],["Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II",211,0.0,"D056829","C14.907.079.500.750",0,"Description: Forms of hereditary angioedema that occur due to<br>mutations in the gene for COMPLEMENT C1 INHIBITOR PROTEIN. Type I<br>hereditary angioedema is associated with reduced serum levels of<br>complement C1 inhibitor protein. Type II hereditary angioedema is<br>associated with the production of a non-functional complement C1<br>inhibitor protein.",""],["Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium",855,0.0,"D056830","C14.280.238.281.500",0,"Description: Rare congenital cardiomyopathies characterized by<br>the lack of left ventricular myocardium compaction. The<br>noncompaction results in numerous prominent trabeculations and a<br>loose myocardial meshwork (spongy myocardium) in the LEFT<br>VENTRICLE. Heterogeneous clinical features include diminished<br>systolic function sometimes associated with left ventricular<br>dilation, that presents either neonatally or progressively.<br>Often, the RIGHT VENTRICLE is also affected. CONGESTIVE HEART<br>FAILURE; PULMONARY EMBOLISM; and ventricular ARRHYTHMIA are<br>commonly seen.",""],["Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction",952,0.0,"D056988","C14.280.647.500.093",0,"Description: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the anterior wall of<br>the heart is involved. Anterior wall myocardial infarction is<br>often caused by occlusion of the left anterior descending<br>coronary artery. It can be categorized as anteroseptal or<br>anterolateral wall myocardial infarction.",""],["Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction",952,0.0,"D056988","C14.907.585.500.093",0,"Description: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the anterior wall of<br>the heart is involved. Anterior wall myocardial infarction is<br>often caused by occlusion of the left anterior descending<br>coronary artery. It can be categorized as anteroseptal or<br>anterolateral wall myocardial infarction.",""],["Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction",384,0.0,"D056989","C14.280.647.500.187",0,"Description: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the inferior wall of<br>the heart is involved. It is often caused by occlusion of the<br>right coronary artery.",""],["Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction",384,0.0,"D056989","C14.907.585.500.187",0,"Description: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the inferior wall of<br>the heart is involved. It is often caused by occlusion of the<br>right coronary artery.",""],["Coronary-Subclavian Steal Syndrome",83,0.0,"D058686","C14.280.647.250.647",0,"Description: A complication of INTERNAL MAMMARY-CORONARY ARTERY<br>ANASTOMOSIS whereby an occlusion or stenosis of the proximal<br>SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY causes a reversal of the blood flow away from<br>the CORONARY CIRCULATION, through the grafted INTERNAL MAMMARY<br>ARTERY (internal thoracic artery), and back to the distal<br>subclavian distribution.",""],["Coronary-Subclavian Steal Syndrome",83,0.0,"D058686","C14.907.585.250.647",0,"Description: A complication of INTERNAL MAMMARY-CORONARY ARTERY<br>ANASTOMOSIS whereby an occlusion or stenosis of the proximal<br>SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY causes a reversal of the blood flow away from<br>the CORONARY CIRCULATION, through the grafted INTERNAL MAMMARY<br>ARTERY (internal thoracic artery), and back to the distal<br>subclavian distribution.",""],["Stroke, Lacunar",633,0.0,"D059409","C14.907.253.329.800",0,"Description: Stroke caused by lacunar infarction or other small<br>vessel diseases of the brain. It features hemiparesis (see<br>PARESIS), hemisensory, or hemisensory motor loss.",""],["Angina, Stable",1480,0.0,"D060050","C14.280.647.187.362",0,"Description: Persistent and reproducible chest discomfort usually<br>precipitated by a physical exertion that dissipates upon<br>cessation of such an activity. The symptoms are manifestations of<br>MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA.",""],["Angina, Stable",1480,0.0,"D060050","C14.907.585.187.362",0,"Description: Persistent and reproducible chest discomfort usually<br>precipitated by a physical exertion that dissipates upon<br>cessation of such an activity. The symptoms are manifestations of<br>MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA.",""],["Bland White Garland Syndrome",206,0.0,"D063748","C14.240.400.210.249",0,"Description: A congenital coronary vessel anomaly in which the<br>left main CORONARY ARTERY originates from the PULMONARY ARTERY<br>instead of from AORTA. The congenital heart defect typically<br>results in coronary artery FISTULA; LEFT-SIDED HEART FAILURE and<br>MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY during the first months of life.",""],["Bland White Garland Syndrome",206,0.0,"D063748","C14.280.400.210.249",0,"Description: A congenital coronary vessel anomaly in which the<br>left main CORONARY ARTERY originates from the PULMONARY ARTERY<br>instead of from AORTA. The congenital heart defect typically<br>results in coronary artery FISTULA; LEFT-SIDED HEART FAILURE and<br>MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY during the first months of life.",""],["Bland White Garland Syndrome",206,0.0,"D063748","C14.907.933.110.500",0,"Description: A congenital coronary vessel anomaly in which the<br>left main CORONARY ARTERY originates from the PULMONARY ARTERY<br>instead of from AORTA. The congenital heart defect typically<br>results in coronary artery FISTULA; LEFT-SIDED HEART FAILURE and<br>MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY during the first months of life.",""],["Karoshi Death",3,0.0,"D065907","C14.280.383.220.500",0,"Description: Sudden death from overwork, most often as a result<br>of acute CARDIOVASCULAR STROKE.",""],["Microaneurysm",119,0.0,"D000071071","C14.907.055.817",0,"Description: Aneurysm of the MICROVASCULATURE. Charcot\u2013Bouchard<br>aneurysms are aneurysms of the brain vasculature which is a<br>common cause of CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE. Retinal microaneurysm is an<br>early diagnostic sign of DIABETIC RETINOPATHY.",""],["Stenosis, Pulmonary Artery",173,0.0,"D000071079","C14.907.137.825",0,"Description: Narrowing of the PULMONARY ARTERIES.",""],["Myocardial Infarction",161000,0.9,"D009203","C14.280.647.500",6,"Description: NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction<br>of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).",""],["Myocardial Infarction",161000,0.9,"D009203","C14.907.585.500",6,"Description: NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction<br>of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).",""],["Trisomy 13 Syndrome",138,0.0,"D000073839","C14.240.400.970",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 13. Clinical manifestations include<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS), facial<br>malformations (e.g., CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; COLOBOMA;<br>MICROPHTHALMIA); HYPOTONIA, digit malformations (e.g.,<br>POLYDACTYLY or SYNDACTYLY), and SEIZURES and severe INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY associated with NERVOUS SYSTEM MALFORMATIONS.",""],["Trisomy 13 Syndrome",138,0.0,"D000073839","C14.280.400.970",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 13. Clinical manifestations include<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS), facial<br>malformations (e.g., CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; COLOBOMA;<br>MICROPHTHALMIA); HYPOTONIA, digit malformations (e.g.,<br>POLYDACTYLY or SYNDACTYLY), and SEIZURES and severe INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY associated with NERVOUS SYSTEM MALFORMATIONS.",""],["Trisomy 18 Syndrome",182,0.0,"D000073842","C14.240.400.975",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 18. Clinical manifestations include<br>INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; CLEFT PALATE; CONGENITAL HEART<br>DEFECTS; MICROCEPHALY; MICROGNATHIA and clenched fists with<br>overlapping fingers. Most affected fetuses do not survive to<br>birth. Those who survive through their first year often have<br>severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Trisomy 18 Syndrome",182,0.0,"D000073842","C14.280.400.975",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 18. Clinical manifestations include<br>INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; CLEFT PALATE; CONGENITAL HEART<br>DEFECTS; MICROCEPHALY; MICROGNATHIA and clenched fists with<br>overlapping fingers. Most affected fetuses do not survive to<br>birth. Those who survive through their first year often have<br>severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Vascular Ring",147,0.0,"D000073872","C14.240.850.992",0,"Description: Congenital vascular malformation in which the AORTA<br>arch and its branches encircle the TRACHEA and ESOPHAGUS. Signs<br>and symptoms include DYSPNEA; RESPIRATORY SOUNDS, especially with<br>eating, DYSPHAGIA, persistent cough, and GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX<br>or may be asymptomatic. Two most common types are double aortic<br>arch and right aortic arch. It may be associated with other<br>anomalies (e.g., DIGEORGE SYNDROME).",""],["Aortic Arch Syndromes",6912,0.0,"D001015","C14.907.109.239",2,"Description: Conditions resulting from abnormalities in the<br>arteries branching from the ASCENDING AORTA, the curved portion<br>of the aorta. These syndromes are results of occlusion or<br>abnormal blood flow to the head-neck or arm region leading to<br>neurological defects and weakness in an arm. These syndromes are<br>associated with vascular malformations; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; TRAUMA;<br>and blood clots.",""],["Heart Block",28322,0.2,"D006327","C14.280.067.558",6,"Description: Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can<br>occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE and the right atrium (SA block) or between atria<br>and ventricles (AV block). Heart blocks can be classified by the<br>duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block.<br>Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional<br>defects.",""],["Heart Block",28322,0.2,"D006327","C14.280.123.500",6,"Description: Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can<br>occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE and the right atrium (SA block) or between atria<br>and ventricles (AV block). Heart blocks can be classified by the<br>duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block.<br>Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional<br>defects.",""],["Intracranial Hemorrhages",66756,0.4,"D020300","C14.907.253.573",19,"Description: Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in<br>the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of<br>blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial<br>epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.",""],["Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome",136,0.0,"D000074742","C14.240.850.922",0,"Description: Compression of the CELIAC ARTERY by the median<br>arcuate ligament, a fibrous band of the DIAPHRAGM, causing<br>abdominal pain after eating and weight loss. OMIM: 116870",""],["Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome",136,0.0,"D000074742","C14.907.137.527",0,"Description: Compression of the CELIAC ARTERY by the median<br>arcuate ligament, a fibrous band of the DIAPHRAGM, causing<br>abdominal pain after eating and weight loss. OMIM: 116870",""],["Kounis Syndrome",172,0.0,"D000074962","C14.280.647.375",0,"Description: A disorder of cardiac function secondary to<br>hypersensitivity reactions. It is characterized by coexistence of<br>acute coronary syndromes and cardiac MAST CELL and PLATELET<br>ACTIVATION. It may be induced by exposure to drugs (e.g.,<br>antibiotics, anesthetics, contrast media), food, and<br>environmental triggers (e.g., insect bites and stings, poison<br>ivy).",""],["Kounis Syndrome",172,0.0,"D000074962","C14.907.585.375",0,"Description: A disorder of cardiac function secondary to<br>hypersensitivity reactions. It is characterized by coexistence of<br>acute coronary syndromes and cardiac MAST CELL and PLATELET<br>ACTIVATION. It may be induced by exposure to drugs (e.g.,<br>antibiotics, anesthetics, contrast media), food, and<br>environmental triggers (e.g., insect bites and stings, poison<br>ivy).",""],["Essential Hypertension",627,0.0,"D000075222","C14.907.489.165",0,"Description: Hypertension that occurs without known cause, or<br>preexisting renal disease. Associated polymorphisms for a number<br>of genes have been identified, including AGT, GNB3, and ECE1.<br>OMIM: 145500",""],["Coronary Vessel Anomalies",10522,0.1,"D003330","C14.240.400.210",3,"Description: Malformations of CORONARY VESSELS, either arteries<br>or veins. Included are anomalous origins of coronary arteries;<br>ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; CORONARY ANEURYSM; MYOCARDIAL BRIDGING;<br>and others.",""],["Coronary Vessel Anomalies",10522,0.1,"D003330","C14.280.400.210",3,"Description: Malformations of CORONARY VESSELS, either arteries<br>or veins. Included are anomalous origins of coronary arteries;<br>ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; CORONARY ANEURYSM; MYOCARDIAL BRIDGING;<br>and others.",""],["Univentricular Heart",148,0.0,"D000080039","C14.240.400.990",0,"Description: Rare congenital heart malformation with a single<br>ventricle (HEART VENTRICLES) instead of the usual two.",""],["Univentricular Heart",148,0.0,"D000080039","C14.280.400.990",0,"Description: Rare congenital heart malformation with a single<br>ventricle (HEART VENTRICLES) instead of the usual two.",""],["Transposition of Great Vessels",6914,0.0,"D014188","C14.240.400.915",2,"Description: A congenital cardiovascular malformation in which<br>the AORTA arises entirely from the RIGHT VENTRICLE, and the<br>PULMONARY ARTERY arises from the LEFT VENTRICLE. Consequently,<br>the pulmonary and the systemic circulations are parallel and not<br>sequential, so that the venous return from the peripheral<br>circulation is re-circulated by the right ventricle via aorta to<br>the systemic circulation without being oxygenated in the lungs.<br>This is a potentially lethal form of heart disease in newborns<br>and infants.",""],["Transposition of Great Vessels",6914,0.0,"D014188","C14.280.400.915",2,"Description: A congenital cardiovascular malformation in which<br>the AORTA arises entirely from the RIGHT VENTRICLE, and the<br>PULMONARY ARTERY arises from the LEFT VENTRICLE. Consequently,<br>the pulmonary and the systemic circulations are parallel and not<br>sequential, so that the venous return from the peripheral<br>circulation is re-circulated by the right ventricle via aorta to<br>the systemic circulation without being oxygenated in the lungs.<br>This is a potentially lethal form of heart disease in newborns<br>and infants.",""],["Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm",39,0.0,"D000080346","C14.907.055.908",0,"Description: An acquired dilation of the retinal artery often<br>associated with systemic HYPERTENSION.",""],["Hypertensive Retinopathy",236,0.0,"D058437","C14.907.489.815",1,"Description: Degenerative changes to the RETINA due to<br>HYPERTENSION.",""],["Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome",34,0.0,"D000080942","C14.907.725.638",0,"Description: A reperfusion syndrome characterized by various<br>pathophysiological processes after CARDIAC ARREST. It may<br>include post-cardiac arrest brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA,<br>BRAIN), cardiocirculatory dysfunction, (e.g., systemic ISCHEMIA),<br>HYPERGLYCEMIA; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE and delayed death.",""],["Aortic Valve Disease",59295,0.3,"D000082862","C14.280.484.048",11,"Description: Diseases involving the AORTIC VALVE functionality.<br>Aortic valve disease often results in a backward and/or<br>regurgitated blood flow into the LEFT VENTRICLE or a decreased<br>blood flow from the heart. It includes congenital (e.g., bicuspid<br>aortic valve), syndromic, and acquired (e.g., age-related,<br>infection-associated) conditions.",""],["Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease",272,0.0,"D000082882","C14.240.400.186",0,"Description: Congenital heart valve defects where the AORTIC<br>VALVE has two instead of normal three cusps. It is often<br>associated with AORTIC REGURGITATION and AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease",272,0.0,"D000082882","C14.280.400.186",0,"Description: Congenital heart valve defects where the AORTIC<br>VALVE has two instead of normal three cusps. It is often<br>associated with AORTIC REGURGITATION and AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Quadricuspid Aortic Valve",16,0.0,"D000082902","C14.240.400.818",0,"Description: Congenital malformation where the AORTIC VALVE has<br>four instead of three cusps. It is often associated with AORTIC<br>REGURGITATION and AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS.",""],["Quadricuspid Aortic Valve",16,0.0,"D000082902","C14.280.400.818",0,"Description: Congenital malformation where the AORTIC VALVE has<br>four instead of three cusps. It is often associated with AORTIC<br>REGURGITATION and AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS.",""],["Aortico-Ventricular Tunnel",13,0.0,"D000082903","C14.240.400.118",0,"Description: Congenital anomaly characterized by an extra-cardiac<br>channel connecting the AORTA either to the right or left HEART<br>VENTRICLE.",""],["Aortico-Ventricular Tunnel",13,0.0,"D000082903","C14.280.400.118",0,"Description: Congenital anomaly characterized by an extra-cardiac<br>channel connecting the AORTA either to the right or left HEART<br>VENTRICLE.",""],["Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome",15,0.0,"D000083082","C14.907.137.671",0,"Description: Entrapment of the POPLITEAL ARTERY in the LEG due to<br>an abnormal course of the artery often associated with onset of<br>development and/or overuse of the gastrocnemius or popliteus<br>muscles on the back of the leg. It is most often associated with<br>runners and other athletes with enlarged calf muscle that<br>compresses the popliteal artery.",""],["Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome",34,0.0,"D000083182","C14.907.303.180",0,"Description: Compartment syndrome characterized by pain in muscle<br>groups with elevated compartment pressures due most often<br>exercise training in athletes. Most often encountered chronic<br>exertional compartment syndrome is in the anterior or deep<br>posterior compartments of the lower leg in athletes in training<br>similar to POPLITEAL ARTERY ENTRAPMENT SYNDROME.",""],["Stroke",147183,0.8,"D020521","C14.907.253.855",14,"Description: A group of pathological conditions characterized by<br>sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN<br>ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the<br>type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location,<br>vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual,<br>and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)",""],["Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava",51,0.0,"D000083402","C14.240.850.930",0,"Description: Finding of the SUPERIOR VENA CAVA on the left<br>instead of the usual right side of the ASCENDING AORTA. In<br>bilateral superior vena cava it is found on both sides.",""],["Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastoma",43,0.0,"D000084122","C14.280.459.250",0,"Description: Primary tumors, predominantly of the CARDIAC VALVES,<br>characterized by multiple papillary frond structures. Although<br>histologically benign, they may result in complications (e.g.,<br>valve dysfunction, EMBOLISM; STROKE; and SUDDEN DEATH).",""],["Vascular Depression",1,0.0,"D000088323","C14.907.253.896",0,"Description: Late-life depression associated with clinical or MRI<br>defined cerebrovascular pathology.",""],["Arteriosclerosis",175930,1.0,"D001161","C14.907.137.126",9,"Description: Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of<br>ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the<br>types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS<br>with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large<br>muscular arteries.",""],["Peripheral Arterial Disease",10585,0.1,"D058729","C14.907.617.671",1,"Description: Lack of perfusion in the EXTREMITIES resulting from<br>atherosclerosis. It is characterized by INTERMITTENT<br>CLAUDICATION, and an ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX of 0.9 or less.",""],["Thrombosis",115078,0.6,"D013927","C14.907.355.830",10,"Description: Formation and development of a thrombus or blood<br>clot in the blood vessel.",""],["Aneurysm, Dissecting",23147,0.1,"D000784","C14.907.055.050",3,"Description: An aneurysm caused by a tear in the TUNICA INTIMA of<br>a blood vessel leading to interstitial HEMORRHAGE, and splitting<br>(dissecting) of the vessel wall, often involving the AORTA.<br>Dissection between the tunica intima and TUNICA MEDIA causes<br>luminal occlusion. Dissection at the media, or between the media<br>and the outer ADVENTITIA causes aneurismal dilation.",""],["Aneurysm, Infected",3412,0.0,"D000785","C14.907.055.131",0,"Description: Aneurysm due to growth of microorganisms in the<br>arterial wall, or infection arising within preexisting<br>arteriosclerotic aneurysms.",""],["Angina Pectoris",32513,0.2,"D000787","C14.280.647.187",4,"Description: The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to<br>MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location<br>and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient<br>stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the<br>MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.",""],["Angina Pectoris",32513,0.2,"D000787","C14.907.585.187",4,"Description: The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to<br>MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location<br>and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient<br>stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the<br>MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.",""],["Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases",9617,0.1,"D059345","C14.907.253.329",6,"Description: Pathological processes or diseases where cerebral<br>MICROVESSELS show abnormalities. They are often associated with<br>aging, hypertension and risk factors for lacunar infarcts (see<br>LACUNAR INFARCTION); LEUKOARAIOSIS; and CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Anterior Compartment Syndrome",531,0.0,"D000868","C14.907.303.063",0,"Description: Rapid swelling, increased tension, pain, and<br>ischemic necrosis of the muscles of the anterior tibial<br>compartment of the leg, often following excessive PHYSICAL<br>EXERTION.",""],["Aortic Aneurysm",65282,0.4,"D001014","C14.907.055.239",4,"Description: An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the<br>wall of AORTA.",""],["Aortic Aneurysm",65282,0.4,"D001014","C14.907.109.139",4,"Description: An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the<br>wall of AORTA.",""],["Aortic Coarctation",8488,0.0,"D001017","C14.240.400.090",0,"Description: A birth defect characterized by the narrowing of the<br>AORTA that can be of varying degree and at any point from the<br>transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation. Aortic coarctation<br>causes arterial HYPERTENSION before the point of narrowing and<br>arterial HYPOTENSION beyond the narrowed portion.",""],["Aortic Coarctation",8488,0.0,"D001017","C14.280.400.090",0,"Description: A birth defect characterized by the narrowing of the<br>AORTA that can be of varying degree and at any point from the<br>transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation. Aortic coarctation<br>causes arterial HYPERTENSION before the point of narrowing and<br>arterial HYPOTENSION beyond the narrowed portion.",""],["Aneurysm, Ruptured",16854,0.1,"D017542","C14.907.055.185",1,"Description: The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the<br>aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The<br>great danger of a ruptured aneurysm is the large amount of blood<br>spilling into the surrounding tissues and cavities, causing<br>HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.",""],["Aortic Valve Stenosis",29105,0.2,"D001024","C14.280.955.249",3,"Description: A pathological constriction that can occur above<br>(supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the<br>AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the<br>LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.",""],["Heart Valve Prolapse",4665,0.0,"D016127","C14.280.484.400",3,"Description: Downward displacement of any one of the HEART VALVES<br>from its normal position. This usually results in failed valve<br>closure.",""],["Aortitis",1690,0.0,"D001025","C14.907.109.320",0,"Description: Inflammation of the wall of the AORTA.",""],["Aortitis",1690,0.0,"D001025","C14.907.940.080",0,"Description: Inflammation of the wall of the AORTA.",""],["Heart Septal Defects",29793,0.2,"D006343","C14.240.400.560",8,"Description: Abnormalities in any part of the HEART SEPTUM<br>resulting in abnormal communication between the left and the<br>right chambers of the heart. The abnormal blood flow inside the<br>heart may be caused by defects in the ATRIAL SEPTUM, the<br>VENTRICULAR SEPTUM, or both.",""],["Heart Septal Defects",29793,0.2,"D006343","C14.280.400.560",8,"Description: Abnormalities in any part of the HEART SEPTUM<br>resulting in abnormal communication between the left and the<br>right chambers of the heart. The abnormal blood flow inside the<br>heart may be caused by defects in the ATRIAL SEPTUM, the<br>VENTRICULAR SEPTUM, or both.",""],["Arrhythmia, Sinus",3792,0.0,"D001146","C14.280.067.093",2,"Description: Irregular HEART RATE caused by abnormal function of<br>the SINOATRIAL NODE. It is characterized by a greater than 10%<br>change between the maximum and the minimum sinus cycle length or<br>120 milliseconds.",""],["Vascular Fistula",18836,0.1,"D016157","C14.240.850.984",4,"Description: An abnormal passage between two or more BLOOD<br>VESSELS, between ARTERIES; VEINS; or between an artery and a<br>vein.",""],["Arterio-Arterial Fistula",1492,0.0,"D001159","C14.907.933.110",1,"Description: Abnormal communication between two ARTERIES that may<br>result from injury or occur as a congenital abnormality.",""],["Arteriovenous Malformations",31136,0.2,"D001165","C14.240.850.750",4,"Description: Abnormal formation of blood vessels that shunt<br>arterial blood directly into veins without passing through the<br>CAPILLARIES. They usually are crooked, dilated, and with thick<br>vessel walls. A common type is the congenital arteriovenous<br>fistula. The lack of blood flow and oxygen in the capillaries can<br>lead to tissue damage in the affected areas.",""],["Arteriovenous Fistula",14601,0.1,"D001164","C14.907.150.125",1,"Description: An abnormal direct communication between an artery<br>and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. An A-V<br>fistula usually leads to the formation of a dilated sac-like<br>connection, arteriovenous aneurysm. The locations and size of the<br>shunts determine the degree of effects on the cardiovascular<br>functions such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.",""],["Arteriovenous Fistula",14601,0.1,"D001164","C14.907.933.555",1,"Description: An abnormal direct communication between an artery<br>and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. An A-V<br>fistula usually leads to the formation of a dilated sac-like<br>connection, arteriovenous aneurysm. The locations and size of the<br>shunts determine the degree of effects on the cardiovascular<br>functions such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.",""],["Arteritis",22132,0.1,"D001167","C14.907.940.090",5,"Description: INFLAMMATION of any ARTERIES.",""],["Ataxia Telangiectasia",2573,0.0,"D001260","C14.907.823.213",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder<br>characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood,<br>progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and<br>SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and<br>RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are<br>prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections,<br>lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-<br>FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes<br>a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to<br>chromosome 11 (11q22-q23).",""],["Atrial Fibrillation",65851,0.4,"D001281","C14.280.067.198",0,"Description: Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by<br>rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper<br>chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot<br>be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART<br>VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.",""],["Atrial Flutter",5147,0.0,"D001282","C14.280.067.248",0,"Description: Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a<br>block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a<br>reentrant wave front traveling up the inter-atrial septum and<br>down the right atrial free wall or vice versa. Unlike ATRIAL<br>FIBRILLATION which is caused by abnormal impulse generation,<br>typical atrial flutter is caused by abnormal impulse conduction.<br>As in atrial fibrillation, patients with atrial flutter cannot<br>effectively pump blood into the lower chambers of the heart<br>(HEART VENTRICLES).",""],["Behcet Syndrome",10124,0.1,"D001528","C14.907.940.100",0,"Description: Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the<br>small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized<br>by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and<br>uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness<br>and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal<br>ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as<br>well.",""],["Bradycardia",6022,0.0,"D001919","C14.280.067.319",0,"Description: Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by<br>excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in<br>human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE<br>dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic",671,0.0,"D002310","C14.280.238.057",0,"Description: Disease of CARDIAC MUSCLE resulting from chronic<br>excessive alcohol consumption. Myocardial damage can be caused<br>by: (1) a toxic effect of alcohol; (2) malnutrition in alcoholics<br>such as THIAMINE DEFICIENCY; or (3) toxic effect of additives in<br>alcoholic beverages such as COBALT. This disease is usually<br>manifested by DYSPNEA and palpitations with CARDIOMEGALY and<br>congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Dilated",14831,0.1,"D002311","C14.280.195.160",0,"Description: A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is<br>characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION,<br>and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL<br>DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in<br>the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Dilated",14831,0.1,"D002311","C14.280.238.070",0,"Description: A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is<br>characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION,<br>and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL<br>DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in<br>the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic",16147,0.1,"D002312","C14.280.238.100",1,"Description: A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by<br>left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT<br>VENTRICULAR; HYPERTROPHY, RIGHT VENTRICULAR), frequent<br>asymmetrical involvement of the HEART SEPTUM, and normal or<br>reduced left ventricular volume. Risk factors include<br>HYPERTENSION; AORTIC STENOSIS; and gene MUTATION; (FAMILIAL<br>HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY).",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive",797,0.0,"D002313","C14.280.238.160",0,"Description: A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease in which the<br>ventricular walls are excessively rigid, impeding ventricular<br>filling. It is marked by reduced diastolic volume of either or<br>both ventricles but normal or nearly normal systolic function. It<br>may be idiopathic or associated with other diseases<br>(ENDOMYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS or AMYLOIDOSIS) causing interstitial<br>fibrosis.",""],["Carotid Artery Diseases",49019,0.3,"D002340","C14.907.253.123",6,"Description: Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID<br>ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid<br>arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent<br>causes of carotid artery pathology.",""],["Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis",20306,0.1,"D002542","C14.907.253.566",7,"Description: Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which<br>supply intracranial structures. Emboli may originate from<br>extracranial or intracranial sources. Thrombosis may occur in<br>arterial or venous structures.",""],["Thromboembolism",54015,0.3,"D013923","C14.907.355.590",10,"Description: Obstruction of a blood vessel (embolism) by a blood<br>clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream.",""],["Intracranial Aneurysm",30857,0.2,"D002532","C14.907.055.635",0,"Description: Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial<br>blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms<br>located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the<br>brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or<br>INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter)<br>may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)",""],["Intracranial Arterial Diseases",66274,0.4,"D020765","C14.907.253.560",13,"Description: Pathological conditions involving ARTERIES in the<br>skull, such as arteries supplying the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM,<br>the BRAIN STEM, and associated structures. They include<br>atherosclerotic, congenital, traumatic, infectious, inflammatory,<br>and other pathological processes.",""],["Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations",14544,0.1,"D020785","C14.240.850.875",5,"Description: Congenital, inherited, or acquired abnormalities<br>involving ARTERIES; VEINS; or venous sinuses in the BRAIN; SPINAL<br>CORD; and MENINGES.",""],["Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations",9008,0.0,"D002538","C14.907.150.295",1,"Description: Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain<br>characterized by direct communication between an artery and a<br>vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and<br>size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES;<br>SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and<br>vascular steal effect.",""],["Brain Ischemia",111314,0.6,"D002545","C14.907.253.092",13,"Description: Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue<br>due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This<br>frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA,<br>BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.",""],["Cervical Rib Syndrome",189,0.0,"D002573","C14.907.863.200",0,"Description: A condition associated with compression of the<br>BRACHIAL PLEXUS; SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY; and SUBCLAVIAN VEIN at the<br>thoracic outlet and caused by a complete or incomplete anomalous<br>CERVICAL RIB or fascial band connecting the tip of a cervical rib<br>with the first thoracic rib. Clinical manifestations may include<br>pain in the neck and shoulder which radiates into the upper<br>extremity, PARESIS or PARALYSIS of brachial plexus innervated<br>muscles; sensory loss; PARESTHESIAS; ISCHEMIA; and EDEMA. (Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p214)",""],["Chagas Cardiomyopathy",2207,0.0,"D002598","C14.280.238.190",0,"Description: A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent<br>to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI. After<br>infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as<br>MYOCARDITIS (mostly in children). The disease then enters a<br>latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years<br>later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced CHAGAS DISEASE include<br>conduction defects (HEART BLOCK) and CARDIOMEGALY.",""],["Cor Triatriatum",812,0.0,"D003310","C14.240.400.200",0,"Description: A malformation of the heart in which the embryonic<br>common PULMONARY VEIN was not incorporated into the LEFT ATRIUM<br>leaving behind a perforated fibromuscular membrane bisecting the<br>left atrium, a three-atrium heart. The opening between the two<br>left atrium sections determines the degree of obstruction to<br>pulmonary venous return, pulmonary venous and pulmonary arterial<br>hypertension.",""],["Cor Triatriatum",812,0.0,"D003310","C14.280.400.200",0,"Description: A malformation of the heart in which the embryonic<br>common PULMONARY VEIN was not incorporated into the LEFT ATRIUM<br>leaving behind a perforated fibromuscular membrane bisecting the<br>left atrium, a three-atrium heart. The opening between the two<br>left atrium sections determines the degree of obstruction to<br>pulmonary venous return, pulmonary venous and pulmonary arterial<br>hypertension.",""],["Coronary Disease",213971,1.2,"D003327","C14.280.647.250",8,"Description: An imbalance between myocardial functional<br>requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply<br>sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA<br>(insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a<br>decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.",""],["Coronary Aneurysm",4414,0.0,"D003323","C14.907.055.395",0,"Description: Abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall<br>of CORONARY VESSELS. Most coronary aneurysms are due to CORONARY<br>ATHEROSCLEROSIS, and the rest are due to inflammatory diseases,<br>such as KAWASAKI DISEASE.",""],["Coronary Disease",213971,1.2,"D003327","C14.907.585.250",8,"Description: An imbalance between myocardial functional<br>requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply<br>sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA<br>(insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a<br>decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.",""],["Crisscross Heart",77,0.0,"D003420","C14.240.400.220",0,"Description: A developmental malformation of the heart<br>characterized by a twisted but not defective atrioventicular<br>connection. The abnormal rotation of the ventricular mass around<br>its long axis results in the crossing of the inflow streams of<br>the two ventricles. Other features include hypoplasia of the<br>TRICUSPID VALVE and RIGHT VENTRICLE.",""],["Crisscross Heart",77,0.0,"D003420","C14.280.400.220",0,"Description: A developmental malformation of the heart<br>characterized by a twisted but not defective atrioventicular<br>connection. The abnormal rotation of the ventricular mass around<br>its long axis results in the crossing of the inflow streams of<br>the two ventricles. Other features include hypoplasia of the<br>TRICUSPID VALVE and RIGHT VENTRICLE.",""],["Cryoglobulinemia",2925,0.0,"D003449","C14.907.454.140",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>abnormal quantities of CRYOGLOBULINS in the blood. Upon cold<br>exposure, these abnormal proteins precipitate into the<br>microvasculature leading to restricted blood flow in the exposed<br>areas.",""],["Dextrocardia",2673,0.0,"D003914","C14.240.400.280",1,"Description: A congenital defect in which the heart is located on<br>the right side of the THORAX instead of on the left side<br>(levocardia, the normal position). When dextrocardia is<br>accompanied with inverted HEART ATRIA, a right-sided STOMACH, and<br>a left-sided LIVER, the combination is called dextrocardia with<br>SITUS INVERSUS. Dextrocardia may adversely affect other thoracic<br>organs.",""],["Dextrocardia",2673,0.0,"D003914","C14.280.400.280",1,"Description: A congenital defect in which the heart is located on<br>the right side of the THORAX instead of on the left side<br>(levocardia, the normal position). When dextrocardia is<br>accompanied with inverted HEART ATRIA, a right-sided STOMACH, and<br>a left-sided LIVER, the combination is called dextrocardia with<br>SITUS INVERSUS. Dextrocardia may adversely affect other thoracic<br>organs.",""],["Diabetic Retinopathy",23503,0.1,"D003930","C14.907.320.382",0,"Description: Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES<br>MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular<br>complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and<br>intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.0,"D058165","C14.240.400.021",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.0,"D058165","C14.280.400.044",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["Ductus Arteriosus, Patent",7447,0.0,"D004374","C14.240.400.340",0,"Description: A congenital heart defect characterized by the<br>persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the<br>PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING)<br>allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the<br>PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth.",""],["Ductus Arteriosus, Patent",7447,0.0,"D004374","C14.280.400.340",0,"Description: A congenital heart defect characterized by the<br>persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the<br>PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING)<br>allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the<br>PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth.",""],["Dyspnea, Paroxysmal",243,0.0,"D004418","C14.280.434.313",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by sudden attacks of<br>respiratory distress in at rest patients with HEART FAILURE and<br>PULMONARY EDEMA. It usually occurs at night after several hours<br>of sleep in a reclining position. Patients awaken with a feeling<br>of suffocation, coughing, a cold sweat, and TACHYCARDIA. When<br>there is significant WHEEZING, it is called cardiac asthma.",""],["Ebstein Anomaly",1866,0.0,"D004437","C14.240.400.395",0,"Description: A congenital heart defect characterized by downward<br>or apical displacement of the TRICUSPID VALVE, usually with the<br>septal and posterior leaflets being attached to the wall of the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE. It is characterized by a huge RIGHT ATRIUM and a<br>small and less effective right ventricle.",""],["Ebstein Anomaly",1866,0.0,"D004437","C14.280.400.395",0,"Description: A congenital heart defect characterized by downward<br>or apical displacement of the TRICUSPID VALVE, usually with the<br>septal and posterior leaflets being attached to the wall of the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE. It is characterized by a huge RIGHT ATRIUM and a<br>small and less effective right ventricle.",""],["Edema, Cardiac",551,0.0,"D004489","C14.280.434.482",0,"Description: Abnormal fluid retention by the body due to impaired<br>cardiac function or heart failure. It is usually characterized by<br>increase in venous and capillary pressure, and swollen legs when<br>standing. It is different from the generalized edema caused by<br>renal dysfunction (NEPHROTIC SYNDROME).",""],["Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome",3454,0.0,"D004535","C14.907.454.240",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of autosomally inherited<br>COLLAGEN DISEASES caused by defects in the synthesis or structure<br>of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are numerous subtypes: classical,<br>hypermobility, vascular, and others. Common clinical features<br>include hyperextensible skin and joints, skin fragility and<br>reduced wound healing capability.",""],["Eisenmenger Complex",967,0.0,"D004541","C14.240.400.450",0,"Description: A condition associated with VENTRICULAR SEPTAL<br>DEFECT and other congenital heart defects that allow the mixing<br>of pulmonary and systemic circulation, increase blood flow into<br>the lung, and subsequent responses to low oxygen in blood. This<br>complex is characterized by progressive PULMONARY HYPERTENSION;<br>HYPERTROPHY of the RIGHT VENTRICLE; CYANOSIS; and ERYTHROCYTOSIS.",""],["Eisenmenger Complex",967,0.0,"D004541","C14.280.400.450",0,"Description: A condition associated with VENTRICULAR SEPTAL<br>DEFECT and other congenital heart defects that allow the mixing<br>of pulmonary and systemic circulation, increase blood flow into<br>the lung, and subsequent responses to low oxygen in blood. This<br>complex is characterized by progressive PULMONARY HYPERTENSION;<br>HYPERTROPHY of the RIGHT VENTRICLE; CYANOSIS; and ERYTHROCYTOSIS.",""],["Embolism",56116,0.3,"D004617","C14.907.355.350",7,"Description: Blocking of a blood vessel by an embolus which can<br>be a blood clot or other undissolved material in the blood<br>stream.",""],["Endocardial Fibroelastosis",1797,0.0,"D004695","C14.280.238.281",1,"Description: A condition characterized by the thickening of<br>ENDOCARDIUM due to proliferation of fibrous and elastic tissue,<br>usually in the left ventricle leading to impaired cardiac<br>function (CARDIOMYOPATHY, RESTRICTIVE). It is most commonly seen<br>in young children and rarely in adults. It is often associated<br>with congenital heart anomalies (HEART DEFECTS CONGENITAL;)<br>INFECTION; or gene mutation. Defects in the tafazzin protein,<br>encoded by TAZ gene, result in a form of autosomal dominant<br>familial endocardial fibroelastosis.",""],["Endocarditis, Bacterial",20565,0.1,"D004697","C14.280.282.407",1,"Description: Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA<br>that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with<br>predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART<br>VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or<br>intravenous drug use.",""],["Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial",1942,0.0,"D004698","C14.260.249.407",0,"Description: ENDOCARDIUM infection that is usually caused by<br>STREPTOCOCCUS. Subacute infective endocarditis evolves over weeks<br>and months with modest toxicity and rare metastatic infection.",""],["Endomyocardial Fibrosis",1560,0.0,"D004719","C14.280.238.406",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the thickening of the<br>ventricular ENDOCARDIUM and subendocardium (MYOCARDIUM), seen<br>mostly in children and young adults in the TROPICAL CLIMATE. The<br>fibrous tissue extends from the apex toward and often involves<br>the HEART VALVES causing restrictive blood flow into the<br>respective ventricles (CARDIOMYOPATHY, RESTRICTIVE).",""],["Erythromelalgia",724,0.0,"D004916","C14.907.617.500",0,"Description: A peripheral arterial disease that is characterized<br>by the triad of ERYTHEMA, burning PAIN, and increased SKIN<br>TEMPERATURE of the extremities (or red, painful extremities).<br>Erythromelalgia may be classified as primary or idiopathic,<br>familial or non-familial. Secondary erythromelalgia is associated<br>with other diseases, the most common being MYELOPROLIFERATIVE<br>DISORDERS.",""],["Cardiac Complexes, Premature",5396,0.0,"D005117","C14.280.067.325",2,"Description: A group of cardiac arrhythmias in which the cardiac<br>contractions are not initiated at the SINOATRIAL NODE. They<br>include both atrial and ventricular premature beats, and are also<br>known as extra or ectopic heartbeats. Their frequency is<br>increased in heart diseases.",""],["Cardiac Complexes, Premature",5396,0.0,"D005117","C14.280.123.375",2,"Description: A group of cardiac arrhythmias in which the cardiac<br>contractions are not initiated at the SINOATRIAL NODE. They<br>include both atrial and ventricular premature beats, and are also<br>known as extra or ectopic heartbeats. Their frequency is<br>increased in heart diseases.",""],["Fibromuscular Dysplasia",1608,0.0,"D005352","C14.907.137.372",0,"Description: An idiopathic, segmental, nonatheromatous disease of<br>the musculature of arterial walls, leading to STENOSIS of small<br>and medium-sized arteries. There is true proliferation of SMOOTH<br>MUSCLE CELLS and fibrous tissue. Fibromuscular dysplasia lesions<br>are smooth stenosis and occur most often in the renal and carotid<br>arteries. They may also occur in other peripheral arteries of the<br>extremity.",""],["Heart Aneurysm",6508,0.0,"D006322","C14.907.055.608",0,"Description: A localized bulging or dilatation in the muscle wall<br>of a heart (MYOCARDIUM), usually in the LEFT VENTRICLE. Blood-<br>filled aneurysms are dangerous because they may burst. Fibrous<br>aneurysms interfere with the heart function through the loss of<br>contractility. True aneurysm is bound by the vessel wall or<br>cardiac wall. False aneurysms are HEMATOMA caused by myocardial<br>rupture.",""],["Heart Rupture, Post-Infarction",2155,0.0,"D006342","C14.280.470.475",1,"Description: Laceration or tearing of cardiac tissues appearing<br>after MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.",""],["Hemangioma, Cavernous",7543,0.0,"D006392","C14.907.454.385",1,"Description: A vascular anomaly that is a collection of tortuous<br>BLOOD VESSELS and connective tissue. This tumor-like mass with<br>the large vascular space is filled with blood and usually appears<br>as a strawberry-like lesion in the subcutaneous areas of the<br>face, extremities, or other regions of the body including the<br>central nervous system.",""],["von Hippel-Lindau Disease",2255,0.0,"D006623","C14.907.077.925",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations<br>in a tumor suppressor gene. This syndrome is characterized by<br>abnormal growth of small blood vessels leading to a host of<br>neoplasms. They include HEMANGIOBLASTOMA in the RETINA;<br>CEREBELLUM; and SPINAL CORD; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; pancreatic tumors;<br>and renal cell carcinoma (see CARCINOMA, RENAL CELL). Common<br>clinical signs include HYPERTENSION and neurological<br>dysfunctions.",""],["Hypertension, Malignant",2012,0.0,"D006974","C14.907.489.330",0,"Description: A condition of markedly elevated BLOOD PRESSURE with<br>DIASTOLIC PRESSURE usually greater than 120 mm Hg. Malignant<br>hypertension is characterized by widespread vascular damage,<br>PAPILLEDEMA, retinopathy, HYPERTENSIVE ENCEPHALOPATHY, and renal<br>dysfunction.",""],["Hypertension, Pulmonary",34302,0.2,"D006976","C14.907.489.556",0,"Description: Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY<br>CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG<br>DISEASES.",""],["Hypertension, Renal",15626,0.1,"D006977","C14.907.489.631",1,"Description: Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY<br>DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal<br>vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.",""],["Hypotension, Orthostatic",4509,0.0,"D007024","C14.907.514.482",0,"Description: A significant drop in BLOOD PRESSURE after assuming<br>a standing position. Orthostatic hypotension is a finding, and<br>defined as a 20-mm Hg decrease in systolic pressure or a 10-mm Hg<br>decrease in diastolic pressure 3 minutes after the person has<br>risen from supine to standing. Symptoms generally include<br>DIZZINESS, blurred vision, and SYNCOPE.",""],["Kearns-Sayre Syndrome",616,0.0,"D007625","C14.280.238.510",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of<br>chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardiomyopathy<br>(CARDIOMYOPATHIES) with conduction block (HEART BLOCK), and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Disease onset is in the first or second<br>decade. Elevated CSF protein, sensorineural deafness, seizures,<br>and pyramidal signs may also be present. Ragged-red fibers are<br>found on muscle biopsy. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p984)",""],["Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome",1235,0.0,"D007715","C14.907.077.410",0,"Description: A congenital disorder that is characterized by a<br>triad of capillary malformations (HEMANGIOMA), venous<br>malformations (ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA), and soft tissue or bony<br>hypertrophy of the limb. This syndrome is caused by mutations in<br>the VG5Q gene which encodes a strong angiogenesis stimulator.",""],["Leriche Syndrome",506,0.0,"D007925","C14.907.109.661",0,"Description: A condition caused by occlusion of terminal aorta,<br>the primary branches of the ABDOMINAL AORTA, as in aortoiliac<br>obstruction. Leriche syndrome usually occurs in males and is<br>characterized by IMPOTENCE, absence of a pulse in the femoral<br>arteries, weakness and numbness in the lower back, buttocks,<br>hips, and lower limbs.",""],["Leriche Syndrome",506,0.0,"D007925","C14.907.137.427",0,"Description: A condition caused by occlusion of terminal aorta,<br>the primary branches of the ABDOMINAL AORTA, as in aortoiliac<br>obstruction. Leriche syndrome usually occurs in males and is<br>characterized by IMPOTENCE, absence of a pulse in the femoral<br>arteries, weakness and numbness in the lower back, buttocks,<br>hips, and lower limbs.",""],["Leukomalacia, Periventricular",1089,0.0,"D007969","C14.907.253.612",0,"Description: Degeneration of white matter adjacent to the<br>CEREBRAL VENTRICLES following cerebral hypoxia or BRAIN ISCHEMIA<br>in neonates. The condition primarily affects white matter in the<br>perfusion zone between superficial and deep branches of the<br>MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY. Clinical manifestations include VISION<br>DISORDERS; CEREBRAL PALSY; PARAPLEGIA; SEIZURES; and cognitive<br>disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1021; Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch4, pp30-1)",""],["Levocardia",119,0.0,"D007979","C14.240.400.701",0,"Description: Congenital abnormalities in which the HEART is in<br>the normal position (levocardia) in the left side of the chest<br>but some or all of the THORAX or ABDOMEN viscera are transposed<br>laterally (SITUS INVERSUS). It is also known as situs inversus<br>with levocardia, or isolated levocardia. This condition is often<br>associated with severe heart defects and splenic abnormalities<br>such as asplenia or polysplenia.",""],["Levocardia",119,0.0,"D007979","C14.280.400.701",0,"Description: Congenital abnormalities in which the HEART is in<br>the normal position (levocardia) in the left side of the chest<br>but some or all of the THORAX or ABDOMEN viscera are transposed<br>laterally (SITUS INVERSUS). It is also known as situs inversus<br>with levocardia, or isolated levocardia. This condition is often<br>associated with severe heart defects and splenic abnormalities<br>such as asplenia or polysplenia.",""],["Long QT Syndrome",8404,0.0,"D008133","C14.280.067.565",3,"Description: A condition that is characterized by episodes of<br>fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia<br>as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms<br>are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel<br>proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and<br>JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.",""],["Long QT Syndrome",8404,0.0,"D008133","C14.280.123.625",3,"Description: A condition that is characterized by episodes of<br>fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia<br>as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms<br>are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel<br>proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and<br>JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.",""],["Pre-Excitation Syndromes",5350,0.0,"D011226","C14.280.067.780",3,"Description: A group of conditions in which HEART VENTRICLE<br>activation by the atrial impulse is faster than the normal<br>impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL NODE. In these pre-<br>excitation syndromes, atrial impulses often bypass the<br>ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE delay and travel via ACCESSORY CONDUCTING<br>PATHWAYS connecting the atrium directly to the BUNDLE OF HIS.",""],["Pre-Excitation Syndromes",5350,0.0,"D011226","C14.280.123.750",3,"Description: A group of conditions in which HEART VENTRICLE<br>activation by the atrial impulse is faster than the normal<br>impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL NODE. In these pre-<br>excitation syndromes, atrial impulses often bypass the<br>ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE delay and travel via ACCESSORY CONDUCTING<br>PATHWAYS connecting the atrium directly to the BUNDLE OF HIS.",""],["Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia",4668,0.0,"D008258","C14.907.454.960",0,"Description: A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by<br>pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased<br>levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is<br>lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often<br>other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical<br>features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.",""],["Marfan Syndrome",5579,0.0,"D008382","C14.240.400.725",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE<br>with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton.<br>Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE,<br>dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features<br>include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long<br>limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome<br>(type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding<br>FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils<br>of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II<br>TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome<br>type 2.",""],["Marfan Syndrome",5579,0.0,"D008382","C14.280.400.725",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE<br>with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton.<br>Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE,<br>dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features<br>include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long<br>limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome<br>(type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding<br>FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils<br>of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II<br>TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome<br>type 2.",""],["Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion",3798,0.0,"D008641","C14.907.137.534",0,"Description: Obstruction of the flow in the SPLANCHNIC<br>CIRCULATION by ATHEROSCLEROSIS; EMBOLISM; THROMBOSIS; STENOSIS;<br>TRAUMA; and compression or intrinsic pressure from adjacent<br>tumors. Rare causes are drugs, intestinal parasites, and vascular<br>immunoinflammatory diseases such as PERIARTERITIS NODOSA and<br>THROMBOANGIITIS OBLITERANS. (From Juergens et al., Peripheral<br>Vascular Diseases, 5th ed, pp295-6)",""],["Mitral Valve Insufficiency",21155,0.1,"D008944","C14.280.484.461",0,"Description: Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the<br>LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRAL VALVE. This<br>can lead to mitral valve regurgitation.",""],["Mitral Valve Stenosis",14176,0.1,"D008946","C14.280.484.517",0,"Description: Narrowing of the passage through the MITRAL VALVE<br>due to FIBROSIS, and CALCINOSIS in the leaflets and chordal<br>areas. This elevates the left atrial pressure which, in turn,<br>raises pulmonary venous and capillary pressure leading to bouts<br>of DYSPNEA and TACHYCARDIA during physical exertion. RHEUMATIC<br>FEVER is its primary cause.",""],["Moyamoya Disease",4195,0.0,"D009072","C14.907.137.615",0,"Description: A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the<br>intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike<br>collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral<br>angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the<br>base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA<br>and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease<br>primarily affects children but can also occur in adults.",""],["Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome",7667,0.0,"D009080","C14.907.940.560",0,"Description: An acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition<br>accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes in infants and<br>young children. The principal symptoms are fever, congestion of<br>the ocular conjunctivae, reddening of the lips and oral cavity,<br>protuberance of tongue papillae, and edema or erythema of the<br>extremities.",""],["Multiple Myeloma",42008,0.2,"D009101","C14.907.454.460",0,"Description: A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in<br>monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by<br>hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction,<br>bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Myocarditis",14696,0.1,"D009205","C14.280.238.625",0,"Description: Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the<br>heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle<br>cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical<br>to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with<br>cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY<br>usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to<br>toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED<br>CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.",""],["Noonan Syndrome",1718,0.0,"D009634","C14.240.400.787",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous, multifaceted disorder<br>characterized by short stature, webbed neck, ptosis, skeletal<br>malformations, hypertelorism, hormonal imbalance, CRYPTORCHIDISM,<br>multiple cardiac abnormalities (most commonly including PULMONARY<br>VALVE STENOSIS), and some degree of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. The<br>phenotype bears similarities to that of TURNER SYNDROME that<br>occurs only in females and has its basis in a 45, X karyotype<br>abnormality. Noonan syndrome occurs in both males and females<br>with a normal karyotype (46,XX and 46,XY). Mutations in a several<br>genes (PTPN11, KRAS, SOS1, NF1 and RAF1) have been associated the<br>NS phenotype. Mutations in PTPN11 are the most common. LEOPARD<br>SYNDROME, a disorder that has clinical features overlapping those<br>of Noonan Syndrome, is also due to mutations in PTPN11. In<br>addition, there is overlap with the syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome due to mutations in NF1.",""],["Noonan Syndrome",1718,0.0,"D009634","C14.280.400.787",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous, multifaceted disorder<br>characterized by short stature, webbed neck, ptosis, skeletal<br>malformations, hypertelorism, hormonal imbalance, CRYPTORCHIDISM,<br>multiple cardiac abnormalities (most commonly including PULMONARY<br>VALVE STENOSIS), and some degree of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. The<br>phenotype bears similarities to that of TURNER SYNDROME that<br>occurs only in females and has its basis in a 45, X karyotype<br>abnormality. Noonan syndrome occurs in both males and females<br>with a normal karyotype (46,XX and 46,XY). Mutations in a several<br>genes (PTPN11, KRAS, SOS1, NF1 and RAF1) have been associated the<br>NS phenotype. Mutations in PTPN11 are the most common. LEOPARD<br>SYNDROME, a disorder that has clinical features overlapping those<br>of Noonan Syndrome, is also due to mutations in PTPN11. In<br>addition, there is overlap with the syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome due to mutations in NF1.",""],["Systemic Vasculitis",18423,0.1,"D056647","C14.907.940.897",6,"Description: A heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by<br>inflammation and necrosis of the blood vessel walls.",""],["Pericarditis, Constrictive",3255,0.0,"D010494","C14.280.720.595",0,"Description: Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM that is<br>characterized by the fibrous scarring and adhesion of both serous<br>layers, the VISCERAL PERICARDIUM and the PARIETAL PERICARDIUM<br>leading to the loss of pericardial cavity. The thickened<br>pericardium severely restricts cardiac filling. Clinical signs<br>include FATIGUE, muscle wasting, and WEIGHT LOSS.",""],["Pericarditis, Tuberculous",638,0.0,"D010495","C14.260.750.595",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the sac surrounding the heart<br>(PERICARDIUM) due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS infection.<br>Pericarditis can lead to swelling (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION),<br>compression of the heart (CARDIAC TAMPONADE), and preventing<br>normal beating of the heart.",""],["Pericarditis, Tuberculous",638,0.0,"D010495","C14.280.720.801",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the sac surrounding the heart<br>(PERICARDIUM) due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS infection.<br>Pericarditis can lead to swelling (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION),<br>compression of the heart (CARDIAC TAMPONADE), and preventing<br>normal beating of the heart.",""],["Phlebitis",19949,0.1,"D010689","C14.907.617.718",3,"Description: Inflammation of a vein, often a vein in the leg.<br>Phlebitis associated with a blood clot is called<br>(THROMBOPHLEBITIS).",""],["Phlebitis",19480,0.1,"D010689","C14.907.940.740",2,"Description: Inflammation of a vein, often a vein in the leg.<br>Phlebitis associated with a blood clot is called<br>(THROMBOPHLEBITIS).",""],["Postphlebitic Syndrome",469,0.0,"D011186","C14.907.952.760",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a chronically swollen<br>limb, often a leg with stasis dermatitis and ulcerations. This<br>syndrome can appear soon after phlebitis or years later.<br>Postphlebitic syndrome is the result of damaged or incompetent<br>venous valves in the limbs. Distended, tortuous VARICOSE VEINS<br>are usually present. Leg pain may occur after long period of<br>standing.",""],["Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum",1687,0.0,"D011561","C14.907.454.530",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of connective tissue with<br>extensive degeneration and calcification of ELASTIC TISSUE<br>primarily in the skin, eye, and vasculature. At least two forms<br>exist, autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. This disorder<br>is caused by mutations of one of the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE<br>TRANSPORTERS. Patients are predisposed to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Pulmonary Valve Stenosis",4886,0.0,"D011666","C14.280.484.716",2,"Description: The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the<br>PULMONARY VALVE. This lesion restricts blood outflow from the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE to the PULMONARY ARTERY. When the trileaflet<br>valve is fused into an imperforate membrane, the blockage is<br>complete.",""],["Pulmonary Valve Stenosis",4674,0.0,"D011666","C14.280.955.750",1,"Description: The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the<br>PULMONARY VALVE. This lesion restricts blood outflow from the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE to the PULMONARY ARTERY. When the trileaflet<br>valve is fused into an imperforate membrane, the blockage is<br>complete.",""],["Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency",1746,0.0,"D011665","C14.280.484.660",0,"Description: Backflow of blood from the PULMONARY ARTERY into the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE due to imperfect closure of the PULMONARY VALVE.",""],["Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic",245,0.0,"D011694","C14.907.454.550",0,"Description: Purplish or brownish red discoloration of the skin<br>associated with increase in circulating polyclonal globulins,<br>usually GAMMA-GLOBULINS. This syndrome often occurs on the legs<br>of women aged 20 to 40 years.",""],["IgA Vasculitis",4734,0.0,"D011695","C14.907.940.777",0,"Description: A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing<br>IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body,<br>including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical<br>symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL<br>HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in<br>children after acute upper respiratory infections.",""],["Raynaud Disease",5162,0.0,"D011928","C14.907.617.812",1,"Description: An idiopathic vascular disorder characterized by<br>bilateral Raynaud phenomenon, the abrupt onset of digital<br>paleness or CYANOSIS in response to cold exposure or stress.",""],["Renal Artery Obstruction",8280,0.0,"D012078","C14.907.137.727",0,"Description: Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or<br>arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR<br>DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The<br>reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension<br>(HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).",""],["Scimitar Syndrome",1032,0.0,"D012587","C14.240.850.968",0,"Description: An anomalous pulmonary venous return in which the<br>right PULMONARY VEIN is not connected to the LEFT ATRIUM but to<br>the INFERIOR VENA CAVA. Scimitar syndrome is named for the<br>crescent- or Turkish sword-like shadow in the chest radiography<br>and is often associated with hypoplasia of the right lung and<br>right pulmonary artery, and dextroposition of the heart.",""],["Scurvy",1996,0.0,"D012614","C14.907.454.800",0,"Description: An acquired blood vessel disorder caused by severe<br>deficiency of vitamin C (ASCORBIC ACID) in the diet leading to<br>defective collagen formation in small blood vessels. Scurvy is<br>characterized by bleeding in any tissue, weakness, ANEMIA, spongy<br>gums, and a brawny induration of the muscles of the calves and<br>legs.",""],["Shwartzman Phenomenon",805,0.0,"D012790","C14.907.454.810",0,"Description: Hemorrhagic necrosis that was first demonstrated in<br>rabbits with a two-step reaction, an initial local (intradermal)<br>or general (intravenous) injection of a priming endotoxin<br>(ENDOTOXINS) followed by a second intravenous endotoxin injection<br>(provoking agent) 24 h later. The acute inflammation damages the<br>small blood vessels. The following intravascular coagulation<br>leads to capillary and venous THROMBOSIS and NECROSIS. Shwartzman<br>phenomenon can also occur in other species with a single<br>injection of a provoking agent, and during infections or<br>pregnancy. Its susceptibility depends on the status of IMMUNE<br>SYSTEM, coagulation, FIBRINOLYSIS, and blood flow.",""],["Shwartzman Phenomenon",805,0.0,"D012790","C14.907.940.890",0,"Description: Hemorrhagic necrosis that was first demonstrated in<br>rabbits with a two-step reaction, an initial local (intradermal)<br>or general (intravenous) injection of a priming endotoxin<br>(ENDOTOXINS) followed by a second intravenous endotoxin injection<br>(provoking agent) 24 h later. The acute inflammation damages the<br>small blood vessels. The following intravascular coagulation<br>leads to capillary and venous THROMBOSIS and NECROSIS. Shwartzman<br>phenomenon can also occur in other species with a single<br>injection of a provoking agent, and during infections or<br>pregnancy. Its susceptibility depends on the status of IMMUNE<br>SYSTEM, coagulation, FIBRINOLYSIS, and blood flow.",""],["Shy-Drager Syndrome",435,0.0,"D012791","C14.907.514.741",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative condition of the<br>central and autonomic nervous systems characterized by atrophy of<br>the preganglionic lateral horn neurons of the thoracic spinal<br>cord. This disease is generally considered a clinical variant of<br>MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. Affected individuals present in the<br>fifth or sixth decade with ORTHOSTASIS and bladder dysfunction;<br>and later develop FECAL INCONTINENCE; anhidrosis; ATAXIA;<br>IMPOTENCE; and alterations of tone suggestive of basal ganglia<br>dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p536)",""],["Sturge-Weber Syndrome",1308,0.0,"D013341","C14.907.077.850",0,"Description: A non-inherited congenital condition with vascular<br>and neurological abnormalities. It is characterized by facial<br>vascular nevi (PORT-WINE STAIN), and capillary angiomatosis of<br>intracranial membranes (MENINGES; CHOROID). Neurological features<br>include EPILEPSY; cognitive deficits; GLAUCOMA; and visual<br>defects.",""],["Tachycardia",45107,0.2,"D013610","C14.280.067.845",11,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART<br>RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia<br>accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac<br>arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.",""],["Tachycardia",45107,0.2,"D013610","C14.280.123.875",11,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART<br>RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia<br>accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac<br>arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.",""],["Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic",3444,0.0,"D013683","C14.907.454.900",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant vascular anomaly characterized<br>by telangiectases of the skin and mucous membranes and by<br>recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. This disorder is caused by<br>mutations of a gene (on chromosome 9q3) which encodes endoglin, a<br>membrane glycoprotein that binds TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA.",""],["Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic",3444,0.0,"D013683","C14.907.823.780",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant vascular anomaly characterized<br>by telangiectases of the skin and mucous membranes and by<br>recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. This disorder is caused by<br>mutations of a gene (on chromosome 9q3) which encodes endoglin, a<br>membrane glycoprotein that binds TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA.",""],["Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",9619,0.1,"D020293","C14.907.253.946",3,"Description: Inflammation of blood vessels within the central<br>nervous system. Primary vasculitis is usually caused by<br>autoimmune or idiopathic factors, while secondary vasculitis is<br>caused by existing disease process. Clinical manifestations are<br>highly variable but include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; behavioral<br>alterations; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;<br>and BRAIN INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp856-61)",""],["Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",9619,0.1,"D020293","C14.907.940.907",3,"Description: Inflammation of blood vessels within the central<br>nervous system. Primary vasculitis is usually caused by<br>autoimmune or idiopathic factors, while secondary vasculitis is<br>caused by existing disease process. Clinical manifestations are<br>highly variable but include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; behavioral<br>alterations; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;<br>and BRAIN INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp856-61)",""],["Tetralogy of Fallot",8099,0.0,"D013771","C14.240.400.849",0,"Description: A combination of congenital heart defects consisting<br>of four key features including VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS;<br>PULMONARY STENOSIS; RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; and a dextro-<br>positioned AORTA. In this condition, blood from both ventricles<br>(oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor) is pumped into the body often<br>causing CYANOSIS.",""],["Tetralogy of Fallot",8099,0.0,"D013771","C14.280.400.849",0,"Description: A combination of congenital heart defects consisting<br>of four key features including VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS;<br>PULMONARY STENOSIS; RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; and a dextro-<br>positioned AORTA. In this condition, blood from both ventricles<br>(oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor) is pumped into the body often<br>causing CYANOSIS.",""],["Thromboangiitis Obliterans",2846,0.0,"D013919","C14.907.137.870",0,"Description: A non-atherosclerotic, inflammatory thrombotic<br>disease that commonly involves small and medium-sized arteries or<br>veins in the extremities. It is characterized by occlusive<br>THROMBOSIS and FIBROSIS in the vascular wall leading to digital<br>and limb ISCHEMIA and ulcerations. Thromboangiitis obliterans is<br>highly associated with tobacco smoking.",""],["Thromboangiitis Obliterans",2846,0.0,"D013919","C14.907.940.905",0,"Description: A non-atherosclerotic, inflammatory thrombotic<br>disease that commonly involves small and medium-sized arteries or<br>veins in the extremities. It is characterized by occlusive<br>THROMBOSIS and FIBROSIS in the vascular wall leading to digital<br>and limb ISCHEMIA and ulcerations. Thromboangiitis obliterans is<br>highly associated with tobacco smoking.",""],["Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency",5572,0.0,"D014262","C14.280.484.856",0,"Description: Backflow of blood from the RIGHT VENTRICLE into the<br>RIGHT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the TRICUSPID VALVE.",""],["Tricuspid Valve Stenosis",981,0.0,"D014264","C14.280.484.911",0,"Description: The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the<br>TRICUSPID VALVE. This hinders the emptying of RIGHT ATRIUM<br>leading to elevated right atrial pressure and systemic venous<br>congestion. Tricuspid valve stenosis is almost always due to<br>RHEUMATIC FEVER.",""],["Trilogy of Fallot",46,0.0,"D014286","C14.240.400.960",0,"Description: A combination of congenital heart defects consisting<br>of three key features including ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS; PULMONARY<br>STENOSIS; and RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY.",""],["Trilogy of Fallot",46,0.0,"D014286","C14.280.400.960",0,"Description: A combination of congenital heart defects consisting<br>of three key features including ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS; PULMONARY<br>STENOSIS; and RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.0,"D014424","C14.240.400.980",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.0,"D014424","C14.280.400.980",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Varicose Ulcer",4781,0.0,"D014647","C14.907.927.730",0,"Description: Skin breakdown or ulceration in the drainage area of<br>a VARICOSE VEIN, usually in the leg.",""],["Vascular Headaches",918,0.0,"D014653","C14.907.253.937",0,"Description: Secondary headache disorders attributed to a variety<br>of cranial or cervical vascular disorders, such as BRAIN<br>ISCHEMIA; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; and CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM<br>VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS.",""],["Ventricular Fibrillation",12210,0.1,"D014693","C14.280.067.922",0,"Description: A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is<br>characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of<br>electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such<br>asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any<br>effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness<br>(SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns<br>seen with CARDIAC ARREST.",""],["Retinal Artery Occlusion",2612,0.0,"D015356","C14.907.137.780",1,"Description: Sudden ISCHEMIA in the RETINA due to blocked blood<br>flow through the CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY or its branches leading<br>to sudden complete or partial loss of vision, respectively, in<br>the eye.",""],["Myocardial Reperfusion Injury",14372,0.1,"D015428","C14.280.238.615",0,"Description: Damage to the MYOCARDIUM resulting from MYOCARDIAL<br>REPERFUSION (restoration of blood flow to ischemic areas of the<br>HEART.) Reperfusion takes place when there is spontaneous<br>thrombolysis, THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY, collateral flow from other<br>coronary vascular beds, or reversal of vasospasm.",""],["Myocardial Reperfusion Injury",14372,0.1,"D015428","C14.280.647.625",0,"Description: Damage to the MYOCARDIUM resulting from MYOCARDIAL<br>REPERFUSION (restoration of blood flow to ischemic areas of the<br>HEART.) Reperfusion takes place when there is spontaneous<br>thrombolysis, THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY, collateral flow from other<br>coronary vascular beds, or reversal of vasospasm.",""],["Myocardial Reperfusion Injury",14372,0.1,"D015428","C14.907.585.625",0,"Description: Damage to the MYOCARDIUM resulting from MYOCARDIAL<br>REPERFUSION (restoration of blood flow to ischemic areas of the<br>HEART.) Reperfusion takes place when there is spontaneous<br>thrombolysis, THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY, collateral flow from other<br>coronary vascular beds, or reversal of vasospasm.",""],["Myocardial Reperfusion Injury",14372,0.1,"D015428","C14.907.725.600",0,"Description: Damage to the MYOCARDIUM resulting from MYOCARDIAL<br>REPERFUSION (restoration of blood flow to ischemic areas of the<br>HEART.) Reperfusion takes place when there is spontaneous<br>thrombolysis, THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY, collateral flow from other<br>coronary vascular beds, or reversal of vasospasm.",""],["Alagille Syndrome",663,0.0,"D016738","C14.240.400.044",0,"Description: A multisystem disorder that is characterized by<br>aplasia of intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC),<br>and malformations in the cardiovascular system, the eyes, the<br>vertebral column, and the facies. Major clinical features include<br>JAUNDICE, and congenital heart disease with peripheral PULMONARY<br>STENOSIS. Alagille syndrome may result from heterogeneous gene<br>mutations, including mutations in JAG1 on CHROMOSOME 20 (Type 1)<br>and NOTCH2 on CHROMOSOME 1 (Type 2).",""],["Death, Sudden, Cardiac",11497,0.1,"D016757","C14.280.383.220",1,"Description: Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular<br>collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually<br>caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden<br>onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS,<br>particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of<br>consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death.<br>(from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular<br>Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)",""],["Carotid Stenosis",16471,0.1,"D016893","C14.907.137.230",0,"Description: Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID<br>ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation.<br>Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce<br>THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from<br>stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;<br>CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS<br>FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp<br>822-3)",""],["Angiomatosis, Bacillary",451,0.0,"D016917","C14.907.077.060",0,"Description: A reactive vascular proliferation that is<br>characterized by the multiple tumor-like lesions in skin, bone,<br>brain, and other organs. Bacillary angiomatosis is caused by<br>infection with gram-negative Bartonella bacilli (such as<br>BARTONELLA HENSELAE), and is often seen in AIDS patients and<br>other IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS.",""],["Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular",11560,0.1,"D017379","C14.280.195.400",0,"Description: Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This<br>increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal<br>pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular<br>morbidity and mortality.",""],["Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular",1208,0.0,"D017380","C14.280.195.410",0,"Description: Enlargement of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart.<br>This increase in ventricular mass is often attributed to<br>PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and is a contributor to cardiovascular<br>morbidity and mortality.",""],["Aneurysm, False",10389,0.1,"D017541","C14.907.055.090",0,"Description: Not an aneurysm but a well-defined collection of<br>blood and CONNECTIVE TISSUE outside the wall of a blood vessel or<br>the heart. It is the containment of a ruptured blood vessel or<br>heart, such as sealing a rupture of the left ventricle. False<br>aneurysm is formed by organized THROMBUS and HEMATOMA in<br>surrounding tissue.",""],["Iliac Aneurysm",1525,0.0,"D017543","C14.907.055.625",0,"Description: Abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall<br>of any one of the iliac arteries including the common, the<br>internal, or the external ILIAC ARTERY.",""],["Parasystole",116,0.0,"D017574","C14.280.067.672",0,"Description: A cardiac arrhythmia that is caused by interaction<br>of two independently initiated cardiac impulses of different<br>rates from two separate foci. Generally one focus is the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE, the normal pacemaker. The ectopic focus is<br>usually in the HEART VENTRICLE but can be in the HEART ATRIUM or<br>the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. Modulation of the parasystolic rhythm<br>by the sinus rhythm depends on the completeness of entrance block<br>surrounding the parasystolic focus.",""],["CREST Syndrome",258,0.0,"D017675","C14.907.823.225",0,"Description: A mild form of LIMITED SCLERODERMA, a multi-system<br>disorder. Its features include symptoms of CALCINOSIS; RAYNAUD<br>DISEASE; ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS; sclerodactyly, and<br>TELANGIECTASIS. When the defect in esophageal function is not<br>prominent, it is known as CRST syndrome.",""],["Diabetic Foot",10873,0.1,"D017719","C14.907.320.191",0,"Description: Common foot problems in persons with DIABETES<br>MELLITUS, caused by any combination of factors such as DIABETIC<br>NEUROPATHIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; and INFECTION. With<br>the loss of sensation and poor circulation, injuries and<br>infections often lead to severe foot ulceration, GANGRENE and<br>AMPUTATION.",""],["Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous",2062,0.0,"D018366","C14.907.940.910",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by a vasculitic syndrome<br>associated with exposure to an antigen such as a drug, infectious<br>agent, or other foreign or endogenous substance. Its<br>pathophysiology includes immune complex deposition and a wide<br>range of skin lesions. Hypersensitivity or allergy is present in<br>some but not all cases.",""],["Blue Toe Syndrome",91,0.0,"D018438","C14.907.617.249",0,"Description: A condition that is caused by recurring<br>atheroembolism in the lower extremities. It is characterized by<br>cyanotic discoloration of the toes, usually the first, fourth,<br>and fifth toes. Discoloration may extend to the lateral aspect of<br>the foot. Despite the gangrene-like appearance, blue toes may<br>respond to conservative therapy without amputation.",""],["Ventricular Dysfunction, Left",31168,0.2,"D018487","C14.280.945.900",1,"Description: A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart<br>was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART<br>FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular<br>complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished<br>ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left<br>ventricular wall.",""],["Ventricular Dysfunction, Right",6454,0.0,"D018497","C14.280.945.910",0,"Description: A condition in which the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the<br>heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to<br>HEART FAILURE or MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, and other cardiovascular<br>complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished<br>ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the right<br>ventricular wall.",""],["Pulmonary Atresia",1446,0.0,"D018633","C14.240.850.937",0,"Description: A congenital heart defect characterized by the<br>narrowing or complete absence of the opening between the RIGHT<br>VENTRICLE and the PULMONARY ARTERY. Lacking a normal PULMONARY<br>VALVE, unoxygenated blood in the right ventricle can not be<br>effectively pumped into the lung for oxygenation. Clinical<br>features include rapid breathing, CYANOSIS, right ventricle<br>atrophy, and abnormal heart sounds (HEART MURMURS).",""],["Pulmonary Atresia",1446,0.0,"D018633","C14.280.484.640",0,"Description: A congenital heart defect characterized by the<br>narrowing or complete absence of the opening between the RIGHT<br>VENTRICLE and the PULMONARY ARTERY. Lacking a normal PULMONARY<br>VALVE, unoxygenated blood in the right ventricle can not be<br>effectively pumped into the lung for oxygenation. Clinical<br>features include rapid breathing, CYANOSIS, right ventricle<br>atrophy, and abnormal heart sounds (HEART MURMURS).",""],["Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome",2680,0.0,"D018636","C14.240.400.625",0,"Description: A condition caused by underdevelopment of the whole<br>left half of the heart. It is characterized by hypoplasia of the<br>left cardiac chambers (HEART ATRIUM; HEART VENTRICLE), the AORTA,<br>the AORTIC VALVE, and the MITRAL VALVE. Severe symptoms appear in<br>early infancy when DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS closes.",""],["Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome",2680,0.0,"D018636","C14.280.400.625",0,"Description: A condition caused by underdevelopment of the whole<br>left half of the heart. It is characterized by hypoplasia of the<br>left cardiac chambers (HEART ATRIUM; HEART VENTRICLE), the AORTA,<br>the AORTIC VALVE, and the MITRAL VALVE. Severe symptoms appear in<br>early infancy when DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS closes.",""],["Tricuspid Atresia",498,0.0,"D018785","C14.240.400.920",0,"Description: Absence of the orifice between the RIGHT ATRIUM and<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE, with the presence of an atrial defect through<br>which all the systemic venous return reaches the left heart. As a<br>result, there is left ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT<br>VENTRICULAR) because the right ventricle is absent or not<br>functional.",""],["Tricuspid Atresia",498,0.0,"D018785","C14.280.400.920",0,"Description: Absence of the orifice between the RIGHT ATRIUM and<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE, with the presence of an atrial defect through<br>which all the systemic venous return reaches the left heart. As a<br>result, there is left ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT<br>VENTRICULAR) because the right ventricle is absent or not<br>functional.",""],["Tricuspid Atresia",498,0.0,"D018785","C14.280.484.845",0,"Description: Absence of the orifice between the RIGHT ATRIUM and<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE, with the presence of an atrial defect through<br>which all the systemic venous return reaches the left heart. As a<br>result, there is left ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT<br>VENTRICULAR) because the right ventricle is absent or not<br>functional.",""],["Sneddon Syndrome",225,0.0,"D018860","C14.907.253.774",0,"Description: A systemic non-inflammatory arteriopathy primarily<br>of middle-aged females characterized by the association of LIVEDO<br>RETICULARIS, multiple thrombotic CEREBRAL INFARCTION; CORONARY<br>DISEASE, and HYPERTENSION. Elevation of antiphospholipid antibody<br>titers (see also ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME), cardiac<br>valvulopathy, ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; and<br>chronic ischemia of the extremities may also occur. Pathologic<br>examination of affected arteries reveals non-inflammatory<br>adventitial fibrosis, thrombosis, and changes in the media. (From<br>Jablonski, Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed;<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p861; Arch Neurol<br>1997 Jan;54(1):53-60)",""],["Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia",2676,0.0,"D019571","C14.240.400.145",0,"Description: A congenital cardiomyopathy that is characterized by<br>infiltration of adipose and fibrous tissue into the RIGHT<br>VENTRICLE wall and loss of myocardial cells. Primary injuries<br>usually are at the free wall of right ventricular and right atria<br>resulting in ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.",""],["Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia",2676,0.0,"D019571","C14.280.238.028",0,"Description: A congenital cardiomyopathy that is characterized by<br>infiltration of adipose and fibrous tissue into the RIGHT<br>VENTRICLE wall and loss of myocardial cells. Primary injuries<br>usually are at the free wall of right ventricular and right atria<br>resulting in ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.",""],["Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia",2676,0.0,"D019571","C14.280.400.145",0,"Description: A congenital cardiomyopathy that is characterized by<br>infiltration of adipose and fibrous tissue into the RIGHT<br>VENTRICLE wall and loss of myocardial cells. Primary injuries<br>usually are at the free wall of right ventricular and right atria<br>resulting in ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.",""],["Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease",622,0.0,"D020144","C14.907.253.061",2,"Description: A pathological condition caused by impaired blood<br>flow in the basal regions of cerebral hemispheres (BASAL<br>GANGLIA), such as INFARCTION; HEMORRHAGE; or ISCHEMIA in vessels<br>of this brain region including the lateral lenticulostriate<br>arteries. Primary clinical manifestations include involuntary<br>movements (DYSKINESIAS) and muscle weakness (HEMIPARESIS).",""],["Cerebrovascular Trauma",7766,0.0,"D020214","C14.907.253.535",5,"Description: Penetrating and nonpenetrating traumatic injuries to<br>an extracranial or intracranial blood vessel that supplies the<br>brain. This includes the CAROTID ARTERIES; VERTEBRAL ARTERIES;<br>MENINGEAL ARTERIES; CEREBRAL ARTERIES; veins, and venous sinuses.",""],["Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia",342,0.0,"D020252","C14.907.075.280",0,"Description: A distinct vascular lesion in the PYLORIC ANTRUM<br>that is characterized by tortuous dilated blood vessels (ectasia)<br>radiating outward from the PYLORUS. The vessel pattern resembles<br>the stripes on the surface of a watermelon. This lesion causes<br>both acute and chronic GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Vasospasm, Intracranial",3546,0.0,"D020301","C14.907.253.951",0,"Description: Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden,<br>sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood<br>vessels. Intracranial vasospasm results in reduced vessel lumen<br>caliber, restricted blood flow to the brain, and BRAIN ISCHEMIA<br>that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA,<br>BRAIN).",""],["Spinal Cord Ischemia",1559,0.0,"D020760","C14.907.790.550",1,"Description: Reduced blood flow to the spinal cord which is<br>supplied by the anterior spinal artery and the paired posterior<br>spinal arteries. This condition may be associated with<br>ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, trauma, emboli, diseases of the aorta, and<br>other disorders. Prolonged ischemia may lead to INFARCTION of<br>spinal cord tissue.",""],["Retinal Vasculitis",798,0.0,"D031300","C14.907.940.815",0,"Description: Inflammation of the retinal vasculature with various<br>causes including infectious disease; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS,<br>SYSTEMIC; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; BEHCET SYNDROME; and<br>CHORIORETINITIS.",""],["LEOPARD Syndrome",212,0.0,"D044542","C14.240.400.695",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of<br>its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abnormalities;<br>ocular HYPERTELORISM; PULMONARY STENOSIS; abnormal genitalia;<br>retardation of growth; and DEAFNESS or SENSORINEURAL HEARING<br>LOSS). This syndrome is caused by mutations of PTPN11 gene<br>encoding the non-receptor PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, type 11,<br>and is an allelic to NOONAN SYNDROME. Features of LEOPARD<br>syndrome overlap with those of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 which is<br>caused by mutations in the NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 GENES.",""],["LEOPARD Syndrome",212,0.0,"D044542","C14.280.400.695",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of<br>its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abnormalities;<br>ocular HYPERTELORISM; PULMONARY STENOSIS; abnormal genitalia;<br>retardation of growth; and DEAFNESS or SENSORINEURAL HEARING<br>LOSS). This syndrome is caused by mutations of PTPN11 gene<br>encoding the non-receptor PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, type 11,<br>and is an allelic to NOONAN SYNDROME. Features of LEOPARD<br>syndrome overlap with those of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 which is<br>caused by mutations in the NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 GENES.",""],["Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced",3438,0.0,"D046110","C14.907.489.480",0,"Description: A condition in pregnant women with elevated systolic<br>(>140 mm Hg) and diastolic (>90 mm Hg) blood pressure on at least<br>two occasions 6 h apart. HYPERTENSION complicates 8-10% of all<br>pregnancies, generally after 20 weeks of gestation. Gestational<br>hypertension can be divided into several broad categories<br>according to the complexity and associated symptoms, such as<br>EDEMA; PROTEINURIA; SEIZURES; abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION<br>and liver functions.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb",215,0.0,"D052120","C14.280.238.458",0,"Description: An X-linked dominant multisystem disorder resulting<br>in cardiomyopathy, myopathy and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. It is<br>caused by mutation in the gene encoding LYSOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED<br>MEMBRANE PROTEIN 2.",""],["Brugada Syndrome",2851,0.0,"D053840","C14.280.067.322",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant defect of cardiac conduction<br>that is characterized by an abnormal ST-segment in leads V1-V3 on<br>the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM resembling a right BUNDLE-BRANCH BLOCK;<br>high risk of VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; or VENTRICULAR<br>FIBRILLATION; SYNCOPAL EPISODE; and possible sudden death. This<br>syndrome is linked to mutations of gene encoding the cardiac<br>SODIUM CHANNEL alpha subunit.",""],["Brugada Syndrome",2851,0.0,"D053840","C14.280.123.250",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant defect of cardiac conduction<br>that is characterized by an abnormal ST-segment in leads V1-V3 on<br>the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM resembling a right BUNDLE-BRANCH BLOCK;<br>high risk of VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; or VENTRICULAR<br>FIBRILLATION; SYNCOPAL EPISODE; and possible sudden death. This<br>syndrome is linked to mutations of gene encoding the cardiac<br>SODIUM CHANNEL alpha subunit.",""],["Acute Coronary Syndrome",19714,0.1,"D054058","C14.280.647.124",0,"Description: An episode of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA that generally<br>lasts longer than a transient anginal episode that ultimately may<br>lead to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.",""],["Acute Coronary Syndrome",19714,0.1,"D054058","C14.907.585.124",0,"Description: An episode of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA that generally<br>lasts longer than a transient anginal episode that ultimately may<br>lead to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.",""],["Ischemic Contracture",197,0.0,"D054061","C14.907.303.531",0,"Description: A type of permanent damage to muscles and nerves<br>that results from prolonged lack blood flow to those tissues. It<br>is characterized by shortening and stiffening of the muscles.",""],["Livedo Reticularis",325,0.0,"D054068","C14.907.617.625",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a reticular or fishnet<br>pattern on the skin of lower extremities and other parts of the<br>body. This red and blue pattern is due to deoxygenated blood in<br>unstable dermal blood vessels. The condition is intensified by<br>cold exposure and relieved by rewarming.",""],["Postthrombotic Syndrome",799,0.0,"D054070","C14.907.952.880",0,"Description: A condition caused by one or more episodes of DEEP<br>VEIN THROMBOSIS, usually the blood clots are lodged in the legs.<br>Clinical features include EDEMA; PAIN; aching; heaviness; and<br>MUSCLE CRAMP in the leg. When severe leg swelling leads to skin<br>breakdown, it is called venous STASIS ULCER.",""],["Ectopia Cordis",130,0.0,"D054083","C14.240.400.422",0,"Description: A rare developmental defect in which the heart is<br>abnormally located partially or totally outside the THORAX. It is<br>the result of defective fusion of the anterior chest wall.<br>Depending on the location of the heart, ectopia cordis can be<br>thoracic, thoracoabdominal, abdominal, and cervical.",""],["Ventricular Flutter",42,0.0,"D054141","C14.280.067.961",0,"Description: A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia<br>characterized by an extremely rapid, hemodynamically unstable<br>ventricular tachycardia (150-300 beats/min) with a large<br>oscillating sine-wave appearance. If untreated, ventricular<br>flutter typically progresses to VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION.",""],["Heart Failure, Systolic",1710,0.0,"D054143","C14.280.434.676",0,"Description: Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial<br>contraction during SYSTOLE leading to defective cardiac emptying.",""],["Heart Failure, Diastolic",979,0.0,"D054144","C14.280.434.611",0,"Description: Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial<br>relaxation during DIASTOLE leading to defective cardiac filling.",""],["Angioedemas, Hereditary",1774,0.0,"D054179","C14.907.079.500",2,"Description: Inherited disorders that are characterized by<br>subcutaneous and submucosal EDEMA in the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Malignant Atrophic Papulosis",152,0.0,"D054853","C14.907.137.520",0,"Description: Variously described as a vasculopathy,<br>endovasculitis, or occlusive arteriopathy, this condition occurs<br>in a benign cutaneous form and a lethal multiorgan systemic<br>variant. It is characterized by a narrowing and occlusion of the<br>lumen of small to medium-sized blood vessels, leading to ischemia<br>and infarction in the involved organ systems. The etiology and<br>pathophysiology are unknown.",""],["Malignant Atrophic Papulosis",152,0.0,"D054853","C14.907.940.530",0,"Description: Variously described as a vasculopathy,<br>endovasculitis, or occlusive arteriopathy, this condition occurs<br>in a benign cutaneous form and a lethal multiorgan systemic<br>variant. It is characterized by a narrowing and occlusion of the<br>lumen of small to medium-sized blood vessels, leading to ischemia<br>and infarction in the involved organ systems. The etiology and<br>pathophysiology are unknown.",""],["Primary Graft Dysfunction",875,0.0,"D055031","C14.907.725.675",0,"Description: A form of ischemia-reperfusion injury occurring in<br>the early period following transplantation. Significant<br>pathophysiological changes in MITOCHONDRIA are the main cause of<br>the dysfunction. It is most often seen in the transplanted lung,<br>liver, or kidney and can lead to GRAFT REJECTION.",""],["Cogan Syndrome",248,0.0,"D055952","C14.907.940.320",0,"Description: A condition consisting of inflammatory eye disease<br>usually presenting as interstitial KERATITIS, vestibuloauditory<br>dysfunction, and large- to medium-vessel vasculitis.",""],["Commotio Cordis",91,0.0,"D056104","C14.280.067.441",0,"Description: A sudden CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA (e.g., VENTRICULAR<br>FIBRILLATION) caused by a blunt, non-penetrating impact to the<br>precordial region of chest wall. Commotio cordis often results in<br>sudden death without prompt cardiopulmonary defibrillation.",""],["Carney Complex",252,0.0,"D056733","C14.280.459.500",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by cardiac<br>and cutaneous MYXOMAS; LENTIGINOSIS (spotty pigmentation of the<br>skin), and endocrinopathy and its associated endocrine tumors.<br>The cardiac myxomas may lead to SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH and other<br>complications in Carney complex patients. The gene coding for the<br>PRKAR1A protein is one of the causative genetic loci (type 1). A<br>second locus is at chromosome 2p16 (type 2).",""],["Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium",855,0.0,"D056830","C14.240.400.660",0,"Description: Rare congenital cardiomyopathies characterized by<br>the lack of left ventricular myocardium compaction. The<br>noncompaction results in numerous prominent trabeculations and a<br>loose myocardial meshwork (spongy myocardium) in the LEFT<br>VENTRICLE. Heterogeneous clinical features include diminished<br>systolic function sometimes associated with left ventricular<br>dilation, that presents either neonatally or progressively.<br>Often, the RIGHT VENTRICLE is also affected. CONGESTIVE HEART<br>FAILURE; PULMONARY EMBOLISM; and ventricular ARRHYTHMIA are<br>commonly seen.",""],["Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium",855,0.0,"D056830","C14.280.400.660",0,"Description: Rare congenital cardiomyopathies characterized by<br>the lack of left ventricular myocardium compaction. The<br>noncompaction results in numerous prominent trabeculations and a<br>loose myocardial meshwork (spongy myocardium) in the LEFT<br>VENTRICLE. Heterogeneous clinical features include diminished<br>systolic function sometimes associated with left ventricular<br>dilation, that presents either neonatally or progressively.<br>Often, the RIGHT VENTRICLE is also affected. CONGESTIVE HEART<br>FAILURE; PULMONARY EMBOLISM; and ventricular ARRHYTHMIA are<br>commonly seen.",""],["Barth Syndrome",182,0.0,"D056889","C14.240.400.172",0,"Description: Rare congenital X-linked disorder of lipid<br>metabolism. Barth syndrome is transmitted in an X-linked<br>recessive pattern. The syndrome is characterized by muscular<br>weakness, growth retardation, DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, variable<br>NEUTROPENIA, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (type II) and decreases<br>in mitochondrial CARDIOLIPIN level. Other biochemical and<br>morphological mitochondrial abnormalities also exist.",""],["Barth Syndrome",182,0.0,"D056889","C14.280.400.172",0,"Description: Rare congenital X-linked disorder of lipid<br>metabolism. Barth syndrome is transmitted in an X-linked<br>recessive pattern. The syndrome is characterized by muscular<br>weakness, growth retardation, DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, variable<br>NEUTROPENIA, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (type II) and decreases<br>in mitochondrial CARDIOLIPIN level. Other biochemical and<br>morphological mitochondrial abnormalities also exist.",""],["Post-Exercise Hypotension",123,0.0,"D057774","C14.907.514.611",0,"Description: Transient reduction in blood pressure levels<br>immediately after exercises that lasts 2-12 hours. The reduction<br>varies but is typically 5-20 mm Hg when compared to pre-exercise<br>levels. It exists both in normotensive and hypertensive<br>individuals and may play a role in excercise related PHYSIOLOGIC<br>ADAPTATION.",""],["Endoleak",1144,0.0,"D057867","C14.907.055.501",0,"Description: Postoperative hemorrhage from an endovascular AORTIC<br>ANEURYSM repaired with endoluminal placement of stent grafts<br>(BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION). It is associated with<br>pressurization, expansion, and eventual rupture of the aneurysm.",""],["Diabetic Cardiomyopathies",2281,0.0,"D058065","C14.280.238.235",0,"Description: Diabetes complications in which VENTRICULAR<br>REMODELING in the absence of CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS and<br>hypertension results in cardiac dysfunctions, typically LEFT<br>VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION. The changes also result in myocardial<br>hypertrophy, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, and collagen<br>deposition due to impaired glucose tolerance.",""],["Sarcoglycanopathies",86,0.0,"D058088","C14.280.238.812",0,"Description: Deficiencies or mutations in the genes for the<br>SARCOGLYCAN COMPLEX subunits. A variety of phenotypes are<br>associated with these mutations including a subgroup of autosomal<br>recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophies, cardiomyopathies, and<br>respiratory deficiency.",""],["Retinal Telangiectasis",559,0.0,"D058456","C14.907.823.502",0,"Description: A group of rare, idiopathic, congenital retinal<br>vascular anomalies affecting the retinal capillaries. It is<br>characterized by dilation and tortuosity of retinal vessels and<br>formation of multiple aneurysms, with different degrees of<br>leakage and exudates emanating from the blood vessels.",""],["Single Umbilical Artery",74,0.0,"D058529","C14.240.850.976",0,"Description: Congenital abnormality where one, instead of the<br>usual two, UMBILICAL ARTERY connects the fetus to the placenta.",""],["Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest",6652,0.0,"D058687","C14.280.383.610",0,"Description: Occurrence of heart arrest in an individual when<br>there is no immediate access to medical personnel or equipment.",""],["Intra-Abdominal Hypertension",854,0.0,"D059325","C14.907.303.297",0,"Description: Pathological elevation of intra-abdominal pressure<br>(>12 mm Hg). It may develop as a result of SEPSIS; PANCREATITIS;<br>capillary leaks, burns, or surgery. When the pressure is higher<br>than 20 mm Hg, often with end-organ dysfunction, it is referred<br>to as abdominal compartment syndrome.",""],["Cardio-Renal Syndrome",966,0.0,"D059347","C14.280.434.156",0,"Description: Condition where a primary dysfunction of either<br>heart or kidney results in failure of the other organ (e.g.,<br>HEART FAILURE with worsening RENAL INSUFFICIENCY).",""],["Heterotaxy Syndrome",559,0.0,"D059446","C14.240.400.592",0,"Description: Abnormal thoracoabdominal VISCERA arrangement<br>(visceral heterotaxy) or malformation that involves additional<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., heart isomerism; DEXTROCARDIA)<br>and/or abnormal SPLEEN (e.g., asplenia and polysplenia).<br>Irregularities with the central nervous system, the skeleton and<br>urinary tract are often associated with the syndrome.",""],["Heterotaxy Syndrome",559,0.0,"D059446","C14.280.400.592",0,"Description: Abnormal thoracoabdominal VISCERA arrangement<br>(visceral heterotaxy) or malformation that involves additional<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., heart isomerism; DEXTROCARDIA)<br>and/or abnormal SPLEEN (e.g., asplenia and polysplenia).<br>Irregularities with the central nervous system, the skeleton and<br>urinary tract are often associated with the syndrome.",""],["White Coat Hypertension",425,0.0,"D059466","C14.907.489.907",0,"Description: Phenomenon where BLOOD PRESSURE readings are<br>elevated only when taken in clinical settings.",""],["Masked Hypertension",463,0.0,"D059468","C14.907.489.861",0,"Description: Phenomenon where increased BLOOD PRESSURE readings<br>taken in non-clinical settings (e.g., HOME BLOOD PRESSURE<br>MONITORING) do not replicate in clinical settings.",""],["Endocarditis, Non-Infective",190,0.0,"D059905","C14.280.282.703",0,"Description: Formation of a non-infectious THROMBUS, referred to<br>as vegetation, on previously undamaged ENDOCARDIUM. It usually<br>occurs as a complication of connective-tissue diseases and<br>cancers because of the associated hypercoagulable state (see<br>THROMBOPHILIA).",""],["May-Thurner Syndrome",357,0.0,"D062108","C14.240.850.906",0,"Description: A compression of ILIAC VEIN that results in a<br>decreased flow in the vein and in the left LOWER EXTREMITY due to<br>a vascular malformation. It may result in left leg EDEMA, pain,<br>iliofemoral DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS and POSTTHROMBOTIC SYNDROME.<br>Compression of the left common ILIAC VEIN by the right common<br>ILIAC ARTERY against the underlying fifth LUMBAR VERTEBRA is the<br>typical underlying malformation.",""],["May-Thurner Syndrome",357,0.0,"D062108","C14.907.617.648",0,"Description: A compression of ILIAC VEIN that results in a<br>decreased flow in the vein and in the left LOWER EXTREMITY due to<br>a vascular malformation. It may result in left leg EDEMA, pain,<br>iliofemoral DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS and POSTTHROMBOTIC SYNDROME.<br>Compression of the left common ILIAC VEIN by the right common<br>ILIAC ARTERY against the underlying fifth LUMBAR VERTEBRA is the<br>typical underlying malformation.",""],["Aneurysm",182584,1.0,"D000783","C14.907.055",20,"Description: Pathological outpouching or sac-like dilatation in<br>the wall of any blood vessel (ARTERIES or VEINS) or the heart<br>(HEART ANEURYSM). It indicates a thin and weakened area in the<br>wall which may later rupture. Aneurysms are classified by<br>location, etiology, or other characteristics.",""],["Stenosis, Pulmonary Vein",207,0.0,"D000071078","C14.907.798",0,"Description: Narrowing of the PULMONARY VEIN.",""],["Arterial Occlusive Diseases",239864,1.3,"D001157","C14.907.137",23,"Description: Pathological processes which result in the partial<br>or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by<br>greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels.<br>They are also known as arterial insufficiency.",""],["Myocardial Ischemia",475473,2.6,"D017202","C14.280.647",24,"Description: A disorder of cardiac function caused by<br>insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The<br>decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary<br>arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus<br>(CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of<br>arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe<br>interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may<br>result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).",""],["Myocardial Ischemia",475473,2.6,"D017202","C14.907.585",24,"Description: A disorder of cardiac function caused by<br>insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The<br>decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary<br>arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus<br>(CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of<br>arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe<br>interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may<br>result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).",""],["Heart Defects, Congenital",152516,0.8,"D006330","C14.240.400",47,"Description: Developmental abnormalities involving structures of<br>the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be<br>discovered later in life.",""],["Heart Defects, Congenital",151723,0.8,"D006330","C14.280.400",45,"Description: Developmental abnormalities involving structures of<br>the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be<br>discovered later in life.",""],["Vascular Malformations",72496,0.4,"D054079","C14.240.850",23,"Description: A spectrum of congenital, inherited, or acquired<br>abnormalities in BLOOD VESSELS that can adversely affect the<br>normal blood flow in ARTERIES or VEINS. Most are congenital<br>defects such as abnormal communications between blood vessels<br>(fistula), shunting of arterial blood directly into veins<br>bypassing the CAPILLARIES (arteriovenous malformations),<br>formation of large dilated blood blood-filled vessels (cavernous<br>angioma), and swollen capillaries (capillary telangiectases). In<br>rare cases, vascular malformations can result from trauma or<br>diseases.",""],["Aortic Diseases",90298,0.5,"D001018","C14.907.109",10,"Description: Pathological processes involving any part of the<br>AORTA.",""],["Arrhythmias, Cardiac",234874,1.3,"D001145","C14.280.067",41,"Description: Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of<br>the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be<br>classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of<br>electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.",""],["Cardiac Conduction System Disease",95670,0.5,"D000075224","C14.280.123",31,"Description: Diseases characterized by pathological<br>irregularities in the HEART CONDUCTION SYSTEM. They may be<br>associated with other heart diseases and syndromes (e.g., BRUGADA<br>SYNDROME; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE, HEART BLOCKS), isolated or may<br>result from injuries. You can have a conduction disorder without<br>having an arrhythmia, but some arrhythmias arise from conduction<br>disorders. OMIM: 601144.",""],["Cerebrovascular Disorders",530263,2.9,"D002561","C14.907.253",103,"Description: A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired<br>blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or<br>VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major<br>categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS;<br>BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.",""],["Hypertension",258987,1.4,"D006973","C14.907.489",10,"Description: Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE.<br>Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION),<br>hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is<br>consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is<br>consistently 90 mm Hg or more.",""],["Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome",34,0.0,"D000080942","C14.280.778",0,"Description: A reperfusion syndrome characterized by various<br>pathophysiological processes after CARDIAC ARREST. It may<br>include post-cardiac arrest brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA,<br>BRAIN), cardiocirculatory dysfunction, (e.g., systemic ISCHEMIA),<br>HYPERGLYCEMIA; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE and delayed death.",""],["Reperfusion Injury",41066,0.2,"D015427","C14.907.725",3,"Description: Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes<br>in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the<br>tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.",""],["Heart Valve Diseases",132794,0.7,"D006349","C14.280.484",26,"Description: Pathological conditions involving any of the various<br>HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAPILLARY MUSCLES and<br>CHORDAE TENDINEAE).",""],["Compartment Syndromes",6479,0.0,"D003161","C14.907.303",4,"Description: Conditions in which increased pressure within a<br>limited space compromises the BLOOD CIRCULATION and function of<br>tissue within that space. Some of the causes of increased<br>pressure are TRAUMA, tight dressings, HEMORRHAGE, and exercise.<br>Sequelae include nerve compression (NERVE COMPRESSION SYNDROMES);<br>PARALYSIS; and ISCHEMIC CONTRACTURE. FASCIOTOMY is often used to<br>decompress increased pressure and eliminate pain associated with<br>compartment syndromes.",""],["Heart Neoplasms",17952,0.1,"D006338","C14.280.459",2,"Description: Tumors in any part of the heart. They include<br>primary cardiac tumors and metastatic tumors to the heart. Their<br>interference with normal cardiac functions can cause a wide<br>variety of symptoms including HEART FAILURE; CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS;<br>or EMBOLISM.",""],["Peripheral Vascular Diseases",48957,0.3,"D016491","C14.907.617",12,"Description: Pathological processes involving any one of the<br>BLOOD VESSELS in the vasculature outside the HEART.",""],["Embolism and Thrombosis",225209,1.2,"D016769","C14.907.355",30,"Description: A collective term for pathological conditions which<br>are caused by the formation of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in a blood<br>vessel, or by blocking of a blood vessel with an EMBOLUS,<br>undissolved materials in the blood stream.",""],["Angiomatosis",8579,0.0,"D000798","C14.907.077",4,"Description: A condition with multiple tumor-like lesions caused<br>either by congenital or developmental malformations of BLOOD<br>VESSELS, or reactive vascular proliferations, such as in<br>bacillary angiomatosis. Angiomatosis is considered non-<br>neoplastic.",""],["Angioedema",6458,0.0,"D000799","C14.907.079",3,"Description: Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or<br>submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema<br>often occurs in the face, lips, tongue, and larynx.",""],["Ventricular Outflow Obstruction",37353,0.2,"D014694","C14.280.955",6,"Description: Occlusion of the outflow tract in either the LEFT<br>VENTRICLE or the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. This may result<br>from CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS, predisposing heart diseases,<br>complications of surgery, or HEART NEOPLASMS.",""],["Vasculitis",112128,0.6,"D014657","C14.907.940",30,"Description: Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels,<br>including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system<br>in the body.",""],["Vascular Fistula",18836,0.1,"D016157","C14.907.933",4,"Description: An abnormal passage between two or more BLOOD<br>VESSELS, between ARTERIES; VEINS; or between an artery and a<br>vein.",""],["Arteriovenous Malformations",31136,0.2,"D001165","C14.907.150",4,"Description: Abnormal formation of blood vessels that shunt<br>arterial blood directly into veins without passing through the<br>CAPILLARIES. They usually are crooked, dilated, and with thick<br>vessel walls. A common type is the congenital arteriovenous<br>fistula. The lack of blood flow and oxygen in the capillaries can<br>lead to tissue damage in the affected areas.",""],["Telangiectasis",9809,0.1,"D013684","C14.907.823",4,"Description: Permanent dilation of preexisting blood vessels<br>(CAPILLARIES; ARTERIOLES; VENULES) creating small focal red<br>lesions, most commonly in the skin or mucous membranes. It is<br>characterized by the prominence of skin blood vessels, such as<br>vascular spiders.",""],["Carcinoid Heart Disease",538,0.0,"D002275","C14.280.104",0,"Description: Cardiac manifestation of gastrointestinal CARCINOID<br>TUMOR that metastasizes to the liver. Substances secreted by the<br>tumor cells, including SEROTONIN, promote fibrous plaque<br>formation in ENDOCARDIUM and its underlying layers. These<br>deposits cause distortion of the TRICUSPID VALVE and the<br>PULMONARY VALVE eventually leading to STENOSIS and valve<br>regurgitation.",""],["Cardiac Output, Low",4124,0.0,"D002303","C14.280.148",0,"Description: A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at<br>rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR<br>DISEASES, including congenital, valvular, rheumatic,<br>hypertensive, coronary, and cardiomyopathic. The serious form of<br>low cardiac output is characterized by marked reduction in STROKE<br>VOLUME, and systemic vasoconstriction resulting in cold, pale,<br>and sometimes cyanotic extremities.",""],["Cardiac Tamponade",5264,0.0,"D002305","C14.280.155",0,"Description: Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid<br>(PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in the<br>PERICARDIUM surrounding the heart. The affected cardiac functions<br>and CARDIAC OUTPUT can range from minimal to total hemodynamic<br>collapse.",""],["Cardiomyopathies",101002,0.6,"D009202","C14.280.238",16,"Description: A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is<br>the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies<br>are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological<br>features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY;<br>RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological<br>factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).",""],["Cardiomegaly",43470,0.2,"D006332","C14.280.195",3,"Description: Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a<br>cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve<br>the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA.<br>Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with<br>chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms<br>of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.",""],["Thoracic Outlet Syndrome",2528,0.0,"D013901","C14.907.863",1,"Description: A neurovascular syndrome associated with compression<br>of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS; SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY; and SUBCLAVIAN VEIN at<br>the superior thoracic outlet. This may result from a variety of<br>anomalies such as a CERVICAL RIB, anomalous fascial bands, and<br>abnormalities of the origin or insertion of the anterior or<br>medial scalene muscles. Clinical features may include pain in the<br>shoulder and neck region which radiates into the arm, PARESIS or<br>PARALYSIS of brachial plexus innervated muscles, PARESTHESIA,<br>loss of sensation, reduction of arterial pulses in the affected<br>extremity, ISCHEMIA, and EDEMA. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp214-5).",""],["Hemostatic Disorders",68990,0.4,"D020141","C14.907.454",11,"Description: Pathological processes involving the integrity of<br>blood circulation. Hemostasis depends on the integrity of BLOOD<br>VESSELS, blood fluidity, and BLOOD COAGULATION. Majority of the<br>hemostatic disorders are caused by disruption of the normal<br>interaction between the VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM, the plasma proteins<br>(including BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS), and PLATELETS.",""],["Diabetic Angiopathies",47952,0.3,"D003925","C14.907.320",2,"Description: VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES<br>MELLITUS.",""],["Heart Failure",127336,0.7,"D006333","C14.280.434",5,"Description: A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is<br>unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of<br>the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects,<br>functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden<br>overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more<br>common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult<br>to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.",""],["Embolism, Amniotic Fluid",1103,0.0,"D004619","C14.583.404",0,"Description: Blocking of maternal circulation by AMNIOTIC FLUID<br>that is forced into uterine VEINS by strong UTERINE CONTRACTION<br>near the end of pregnancy. It is characterized by the sudden<br>onset of severe respiratory distress and HYPOTENSION that can<br>lead to maternal DEATH.",""],["Endocarditis",30941,0.2,"D004696","C14.280.282",3,"Description: Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart<br>(ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers<br>and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including<br>bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated,<br>endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.",""],["Endocarditis, Bacterial",20565,0.1,"D004697","C14.260.249",1,"Description: Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA<br>that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with<br>predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART<br>VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or<br>intravenous drug use.",""],["Heart Aneurysm",6508,0.0,"D006322","C14.280.358",0,"Description: A localized bulging or dilatation in the muscle wall<br>of a heart (MYOCARDIUM), usually in the LEFT VENTRICLE. Blood-<br>filled aneurysms are dangerous because they may burst. Fibrous<br>aneurysms interfere with the heart function through the loss of<br>contractility. True aneurysm is bound by the vessel wall or<br>cardiac wall. False aneurysms are HEMATOMA caused by myocardial<br>rupture.",""],["Heart Arrest",43642,0.2,"D006323","C14.280.383",3,"Description: Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION.<br>If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be<br>reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective<br>circulation.",""],["Heart Rupture",3944,0.0,"D006341","C14.280.470",2,"Description: Disease-related laceration or tearing of tissues of<br>the heart, including the free-wall MYOCARDIUM; HEART SEPTUM;<br>PAPILLARY MUSCLES; CHORDAE TENDINEAE; and any of the HEART<br>VALVES. Pathological rupture usually results from myocardial<br>infarction (HEART RUPTURE, POST-INFARCTION).",""],["Hemorrhoids",4770,0.0,"D006484","C14.907.449",0,"Description: Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or<br>ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the<br>skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to<br>outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not<br>exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain.",""],["Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease",1467,0.0,"D006504","C14.907.460",0,"Description: Liver disease that is caused by injuries to the<br>ENDOTHELIAL CELLS of the vessels and subendothelial EDEMA, but<br>not by THROMBOSIS. Extracellular matrix, rich in FIBRONECTINS, is<br>usually deposited around the HEPATIC VEINS leading to venous<br>outflow occlusion and sinusoidal obstruction.",""],["Hyperemia",3204,0.0,"D006940","C14.907.474",0,"Description: The presence of an increased amount of blood in a<br>body part or an organ leading to congestion or engorgement of<br>blood vessels. Hyperemia can be due to increase of blood flow<br>into the area (active or arterial), or due to obstruction of<br>outflow of blood from the area (passive or venous).",""],["Hypotension",18875,0.1,"D007022","C14.907.514",3,"Description: Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in<br>inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common<br>symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body<br>occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and<br>nutrients.",""],["Peliosis Hepatis",340,0.0,"D010382","C14.907.609",0,"Description: A vascular disease of the LIVER characterized by the<br>occurrence of multiple blood-filled CYSTS or cavities. The cysts<br>are lined with ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; the cavities lined with hepatic<br>parenchymal cells (HEPATOCYTES). Peliosis hepatis has been<br>associated with use of anabolic steroids (ANABOLIC AGENTS) and<br>certain drugs.",""],["Pericardial Effusion",6505,0.0,"D010490","C14.280.695",0,"Description: Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous<br>effusions are associated with pericardial diseases.<br>Hemopericardium is associated with trauma. Lipid-containing<br>effusion (chylopericardium) results from leakage of THORACIC<br>DUCT. Severe cases can lead to CARDIAC TAMPONADE.",""],["Pericarditis",11627,0.1,"D010493","C14.280.720",2,"Description: Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM from various<br>origins, such as infection, neoplasm, autoimmune process,<br>injuries, or drug-induced. Pericarditis usually leads to<br>PERICARDIAL EFFUSION, or CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS.",""],["Tuberculosis, Cardiovascular",1345,0.0,"D014381","C14.260.750",1,"Description: Pathological conditions of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM<br>caused by infection of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS. Tuberculosis<br>involvement may include the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the<br>PERICARDIUM.",""],["Pneumopericardium",926,0.0,"D011026","C14.280.763",0,"Description: Presence of air or gas in the space between the<br>heart and the PERICARDIUM. The degree of respiratory distress<br>depends on the amount of trapped air and circulation blocked in<br>the systemic and pulmonary veins.",""],["Postpericardiotomy Syndrome",282,0.0,"D011185","C14.280.793",0,"Description: A nonspecific hypersensitivity reaction caused by<br>TRAUMA to the PERICARDIUM, often following PERICARDIOTOMY. It is<br>characterized by PERICARDIAL EFFUSION; high titers of anti-heart<br>antibodies; low-grade FEVER; LETHARGY; loss of APPETITE; or<br>ABDOMINAL PAIN.",""],["Venous Insufficiency",7350,0.0,"D014689","C14.907.952",2,"Description: Impaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous<br>stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. Venous<br>insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with<br>EDEMA and sometimes with VENOUS STASIS ULCERS at the ankle.",""],["Pulmonary Heart Disease",4738,0.0,"D011660","C14.280.832",0,"Description: Hypertrophy and dilation of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of<br>the heart that is caused by PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. This<br>condition is often associated with pulmonary parenchymal or<br>vascular diseases, such as CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE<br>and PULMONARY EMBOLISM.",""],["Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease",875,0.0,"D011668","C14.907.690",0,"Description: Pathological process resulting in the fibrous<br>obstruction of the small- and medium-sized PULMONARY VEINS and<br>PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. Veno-occlusion can arise from fibrous<br>proliferation of the VASCULAR INTIMA and VASCULAR MEDIA;<br>THROMBOSIS; or a combination of both.",""],["Retinal Vein Occlusion",4651,0.0,"D012170","C14.907.760",0,"Description: Blockage of the RETINAL VEIN. Those at high risk for<br>this condition include patients with HYPERTENSION; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; and other CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.",""],["Rheumatic Heart Disease",9888,0.1,"D012214","C14.280.874",0,"Description: Cardiac manifestation of systemic rheumatological<br>conditions, such as RHEUMATIC FEVER. Rheumatic heart disease can<br>involve any part the heart, most often the HEART VALVES and the<br>ENDOCARDIUM.",""],["Scimitar Syndrome",1032,0.0,"D012587","C14.907.780",0,"Description: An anomalous pulmonary venous return in which the<br>right PULMONARY VEIN is not connected to the LEFT ATRIUM but to<br>the INFERIOR VENA CAVA. Scimitar syndrome is named for the<br>crescent- or Turkish sword-like shadow in the chest radiography<br>and is often associated with hypoplasia of the right lung and<br>right pulmonary artery, and dextroposition of the heart.",""],["Splenic Infarction",830,0.0,"D013159","C14.907.795",0,"Description: Insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply to<br>the spleen due to emboli, thrombi, vascular torsion, or pressure<br>that produces a macroscopic area of necrosis. (From Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Superior Vena Cava Syndrome",2432,0.0,"D013479","C14.907.800",0,"Description: A condition that occurs when the obstruction of the<br>thin-walled SUPERIOR VENA CAVA interrupts blood flow from the<br>head, upper extremities, and thorax to the RIGHT ATRIUM.<br>Obstruction can be caused by NEOPLASMS; THROMBOSIS; ANEURYSM; or<br>external compression. The syndrome is characterized by swelling<br>and/or CYANOSIS of the face, neck, and upper arms.",""],["Syphilis, Cardiovascular",906,0.0,"D013589","C14.260.500",0,"Description: Cardiovascular manifestations of SYPHILIS, an<br>infection of TREPONEMA PALLIDUM. In the late stage of syphilis,<br>sometimes 20-30 years after the initial infection, damages are<br>often seen in the blood vessels including the AORTA and the<br>AORTIC VALVE. Clinical signs include syphilitic aortitis, aortic<br>insufficiency, or aortic ANEURYSM.",""],["Varicocele",4505,0.0,"D014646","C14.907.903",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the dilated tortuous<br>veins of the SPERMATIC CORD with a marked left-sided<br>predominance. Adverse effect on male fertility occurs when<br>varicocele leads to an increased scrotal (and testicular)<br>temperature and reduced testicular volume.",""],["Varicose Veins",17536,0.1,"D014648","C14.907.927",1,"Description: Enlarged and tortuous VEINS.",""],["Cardiac Output, High",149,0.0,"D016534","C14.280.142",0,"Description: A state of elevated cardiac output due to conditions<br>of either increased hemodynamic demand or reduced cardiac oxygen<br>output. These conditions may include ANEMIA; ARTERIOVENOUS<br>FISTULA; THYROTOXICOSIS; PREGNANCY; EXERCISE; FEVER; and HYPOXIA.<br>In time, compensatory changes of the heart can lead to<br>pathological form of high cardiac output and eventual HEART<br>FAILURE.",""],["Angiodysplasia",1219,0.0,"D016888","C14.907.075",1,"Description: Acquired degenerative dilation or expansion<br>(ectasia) of normal BLOOD VESSELS, often associated with aging.<br>They are isolated, tortuous, thin-walled vessels and sources of<br>bleeding. They occur most often in mucosal capillaries of the<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT leading to GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE and<br>ANEMIA.",""],["Colitis, Ischemic",1083,0.0,"D017091","C14.907.286",0,"Description: Inflammation of the COLON due to colonic ISCHEMIA<br>resulting from alterations in systemic circulation or local<br>vasculature.",""],["Myocardial Stunning",1975,0.0,"D017682","C14.280.671",0,"Description: Prolonged dysfunction of the myocardium after a<br>brief episode of severe ischemia, with gradual return of<br>contractile activity.",""],["Ventricular Dysfunction",39045,0.2,"D018754","C14.280.945",3,"Description: A condition in which HEART VENTRICLES exhibit<br>impaired function.",""],["Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic",1786,0.0,"D018917","C14.907.601",0,"Description: Ischemic injury to the OPTIC NERVE which usually<br>affects the OPTIC DISK (optic neuropathy, anterior ischemic) and<br>less frequently the retrobulbar portion of the nerve (optic<br>neuropathy, posterior ischemic). The injury results from<br>occlusion of arterial blood supply which may result from TEMPORAL<br>ARTERITIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; COLLAGEN DISEASES; EMBOLISM; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; and other conditions. The disease primarily occurs in<br>the sixth decade or later and presents with the sudden onset of<br>painless and usually severe monocular visual loss. Anterior<br>ischemic optic neuropathy also features optic disk edema with<br>microhemorrhages. The optic disk appears normal in posterior<br>ischemic optic neuropathy. (Glaser, Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2nd ed,<br>p135)",""],["Vascular Neoplasms",4055,0.0,"D019043","C14.907.936",0,"Description: Neoplasms located in the vasculature system, such as<br>ARTERIES and VEINS. They are differentiated from neoplasms of<br>vascular tissue (NEOPLASMS, VASCULAR TISSUE), such as<br>ANGIOFIBROMA or HEMANGIOMA.",""],["Capillary Leak Syndrome",613,0.0,"D019559","C14.907.218",0,"Description: A condition characterized by recurring episodes of<br>fluid leaking from capillaries into extra-vascular compartments<br>causing hematocrit to rise precipitously. If not treated,<br>generalized vascular leak can lead to generalized EDEMA; SHOCK;<br>cardiovascular collapse; and MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE.",""],["Spinal Cord Vascular Diseases",1767,0.0,"D020758","C14.907.790",2,"Description: Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD<br>VESSELS feeding the SPINAL CORD, such as the anterior and paired<br>posterior spinal arteries or their many branches. Disease<br>processes may include ATHEROSCLEROSIS; EMBOLISM; and<br>ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS leading to ISCHEMIA or HEMORRHAGE<br>into the spinal cord (hematomyelia).",""],["Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome",276,0.0,"D053421","C14.907.440",0,"Description: An occupational disorder resulting from prolonged<br>exposure to vibration, affecting the fingers, hands, and<br>forearms. It occurs in workers who regularly use vibrating tools<br>such as jackhammers, power chain saws, riveters, etc. Symptoms<br>include episodic finger blanching, NUMBNESS, tingling, and loss<br>of nerve sensitivity.",""],["Vasoplegia",255,0.0,"D056987","C14.907.946",0,"Description: Condition of low SYSTEMIC VASCULAR RESISTANCE that<br>develops secondary to other conditions such as ANAPHYLAXIS;<br>SEPSIS; SURGICAL SHOCK; and SEPTIC SHOCK. Vasoplegia that<br>develops during or post surgery (e.g., CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS) is<br>called postoperative vasoplegic syndrome or vasoplegic syndrome.",""],["Vascular System Injuries",3474,0.0,"D057772","C14.907.937",0,"Description: Injuries to blood vessels caused by laceration,<br>contusion, puncture, or crush and other types of injuries.<br>Symptoms vary by site and mode of injuries and may include<br>bleeding, bruising, swelling, pain, and numbness. It does not<br>include injuries secondary to pathologic function or diseases<br>such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS.",""],["Prehypertension",1066,0.0,"D058246","C14.907.653",0,"Description: Blood pressure levels that are between normotension<br>and hypertension. Individuals with prehypertension are at a<br>higher risk for developing cardiovascular diseases. Generally,<br>prehypertension is defined as SYSTOLIC PRESSURE of 131-139 mm Hg<br>and/or DIASTOLIC PRESSURE of 81-89 when the optimal is 120/80 mm<br>Hg. For diabetics and other metabolism diseases the<br>prehypertension is around 110-129/70-79 mm Hg.",""],["Mesenteric Ischemia",1316,0.0,"D065666","C14.907.549",0,"Description: Ischemic tissue injury produced by insufficient<br>perfusion of intestinal tissue by the MESENTERIC CIRCULATION<br>(i.e., CELIAC ARTERY; SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY; INFERERIOR<br>MESENTERIC ARTERY; and MESENTERIC VEINS). It can progress from<br>ISCHEMIA; EDEMA; and GANGRENE of the bowel wall to PERITONITIS<br>and cardiovascular collapse.",""],["Cardiotoxicity",1826,0.0,"D066126","C14.280.260",0,"Description: Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to<br>exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Vascular Diseases",2520097,13.8,"D014652","C14.907",355,"Description: Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD<br>VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include<br>diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system<br>in the body.",""],["Heart Diseases",1648453,9.0,"D006331","C14.280",240,"Description: Pathological conditions involving the HEART<br>including its structural and functional abnormalities.",""],["Cardiovascular Abnormalities",229086,1.3,"D018376","C14.240",72,"Description: Congenital, inherited, or acquired anomalies of the<br>CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, including the HEART and BLOOD VESSELS.",""],["Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular",16105,0.1,"D011249","C14.583",1,"Description: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a cardiovascular<br>disease. The disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION and it<br>may or may not have a deleterious effect on the pregnant woman or<br>FETUS.",""],["Cardiovascular Infections",22941,0.1,"D053821","C14.260",5,"Description: Pathological conditions of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM<br>caused by infections.",""],["Cardiovascular Diseases",4573582,25.0,"D002318","C14",678,"Description: Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR<br>SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the<br>PERICARDIUM.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Lacunar","Cerebral Intraventricular Hemorrhage","Thrombotic Stroke","Embolic Stroke","Peripheral Arterial Disease","Angina Pectoris, Variant","Angina Pectoris, Variant","Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular","Carotid Artery Thrombosis","Cerebral Infarction","Cerebral Infarction","Double Outlet Right Ventricle","Double Outlet Right Ventricle","Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial","Hematoma, Subdural","Budd-Chiari Syndrome","Lutembacher Syndrome","Lutembacher Syndrome","Moyamoya Disease","Retinal Vein Occlusion","Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial","Intracranial Thrombosis","Subclavian Steal Syndrome","Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry","Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry","Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial","Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial","Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional","Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional","Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry","Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry","Tachycardia, Sinus","Tachycardia, Sinus","Thrombophlebitis","Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent","Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent","Brain Stem Infarctions","Brain Stem Infarctions","Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis","Dementia, Vascular","Dementia, Vascular","Churg-Strauss Syndrome","Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm","Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm","Torsades de Pointes","Torsades de Pointes","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy","Embolism, Cholesterol","Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular","Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage","Putaminal Hemorrhage","Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection","Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection","Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula","Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula","Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula","Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery","Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery","Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery","Intracranial Embolism","Discrete Subaortic Stenosis","Coronary Restenosis","Coronary Restenosis","CADASIL","Pulmonary Infarction","Postthrombotic Syndrome","Vein of Galen Malformations","Vein of Galen Malformations","Vein of Galen Malformations","Foramen Ovale, Patent","Foramen Ovale, Patent","Microscopic Polyangiitis","Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis","Lemierre Syndrome","Lemierre Syndrome","Bland White Garland Syndrome","ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction","ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction","Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction","Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction","Vascular Ring","Interatrial Block","Interatrial Block","Cerebral Hemorrhage","Anomalous Left Coronary Artery","Anomalous Left Coronary Artery","Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries","Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries","Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm","Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease","Quadricuspid Aortic Valve","Ischemic Stroke","Hemorrhagic Stroke","MINOCA","MINOCA","Atherosclerosis","Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia","Livedoid Vasculopathy","Thromboinflammation","Adams-Stokes Syndrome","Adams-Stokes Syndrome","Angina, Unstable","Angina, Unstable","Fabry Disease","Aortic Rupture","Aortic Rupture","Aortic Rupture","Aortic Valve Stenosis","Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular","Aortic Valve Insufficiency","Aortic Valve Prolapse","Aortic Valve Prolapse","Aortopulmonary Septal Defect","Aortopulmonary Septal Defect","Arterio-Arterial Fistula","Arteriosclerosis Obliterans","Arteriovenous Fistula","Arteriovenous Fistula","Bundle-Branch Block","Bundle-Branch Block","Carotid Artery Thrombosis","Carotid Artery Thrombosis","Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis","Intracranial Aneurysm","Intracranial Arteriosclerosis","Intracranial Arteriosclerosis","Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations","Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations","Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations","Cerebral Arterial Diseases","Brain Infarction","Brain Infarction","Ischemic Attack, Transient","Coronary Aneurysm","Coronary Aneurysm","Coronary Artery Disease","Coronary Artery Disease","Coronary Artery Disease","Coronary Thrombosis","Coronary Thrombosis","Coronary Thrombosis","Coronary Vasospasm","Coronary Vasospasm","DiGeorge Syndrome","DiGeorge Syndrome","Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular","Double Outlet Right Ventricle","Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular","Double Outlet Right Ventricle","Embolism, Air","Embolism, Amniotic Fluid","Embolism, Fat","Endarteritis","Endocardial Cushion Defects","Endocardial Cushion Defects","Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial","Heart Septal Defects, Atrial","Heart Septal Defects, Atrial","Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Venous Thrombosis","Hypertension, Renovascular","Intermittent Claudication","Kartagener Syndrome","Kartagener Syndrome","Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome","Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome","Mitral Valve Prolapse","Moyamoya Disease","Polyarteritis Nodosa","Polyarteritis Nodosa","Pituitary Apoplexy","Postphlebitic Syndrome","Pre-Excitation, Mahaim-Type","Pre-Excitation, Mahaim-Type","Pulmonary Embolism","Pulmonary Subvalvular Stenosis","Pulmonary Subvalvular Stenosis","Shock, Cardiogenic","Shock, Cardiogenic","Sick Sinus Syndrome","Sick Sinus Syndrome","Sick Sinus Syndrome","Sinoatrial Block","Sinoatrial Block","Intracranial Thrombosis","Subarachnoid Hemorrhage","Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency","Tachycardia, Reciprocating","Tachycardia, Reciprocating","Tachycardia, Supraventricular","Tachycardia, Supraventricular","Tachycardia, Paroxysmal","Tachycardia, Paroxysmal","Takayasu Arteritis","Takayasu Arteritis","Giant Cell Arteritis","Giant Cell Arteritis","Giant Cell Arteritis","Thrombophlebitis","Thrombophlebitis","Tricuspid Valve Prolapse","Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis","Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","Tachycardia, Ventricular","Tachycardia, Ventricular","Carotid Stenosis","MELAS Syndrome","Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal","Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal","Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic","Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic","Microvascular Angina","Microvascular Angina","CREST Syndrome","Ventricular Septal Rupture","Ventricular Premature Complexes","Ventricular Premature Complexes","Atrial Premature Complexes","Atrial Premature Complexes","Embolism, Paradoxical","Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage","Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic","Carotid Artery Injuries","Carotid Artery Injuries","Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection","Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula","Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula","Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula","Vertebral Artery Dissection","Vertebral Artery Dissection","Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive","Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome","Intracranial Embolism","Sinus Pericranii","Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System","Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System","Central Nervous System Venous Angioma","Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain","AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System","AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System","AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System","Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular","Coronary Stenosis","Coronary Stenosis","Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, Familial","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial","Jervell-Lange Nielsen Syndrome","Jervell-Lange Nielsen Syndrome","Romano-Ward Syndrome","Romano-Ward Syndrome","LEOPARD Syndrome","CADASIL","Andersen Syndrome","Andersen Syndrome","Arteriolosclerosis","Coronary Occlusion","Coronary Occlusion","Vein of Galen Malformations","Myocardial Bridging","Myocardial Bridging","Sinus Arrest, Cardiac","Atrioventricular Block","Atrioventricular Block","Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy","Venous Thromboembolism","Loeys-Dietz Syndrome","Loeys-Dietz Syndrome","Loeys-Dietz Syndrome","Microscopic Polyangiitis","Susac Syndrome","Rheumatoid Vasculitis","Hereditary Angioedema Type III","Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II","Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium","Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction","Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction","Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction","Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction","Coronary-Subclavian Steal Syndrome","Coronary-Subclavian Steal Syndrome","Stroke, Lacunar","Angina, Stable","Angina, Stable","Bland White Garland Syndrome","Bland White Garland Syndrome","Bland White Garland Syndrome","Karoshi Death","Microaneurysm","Stenosis, Pulmonary Artery","Myocardial Infarction","Myocardial Infarction","Trisomy 13 Syndrome","Trisomy 13 Syndrome","Trisomy 18 Syndrome","Trisomy 18 Syndrome","Vascular Ring","Aortic Arch Syndromes","Heart Block","Heart Block","Intracranial Hemorrhages","Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome","Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome","Kounis Syndrome","Kounis Syndrome","Essential Hypertension","Coronary Vessel Anomalies","Coronary Vessel Anomalies","Univentricular Heart","Univentricular Heart","Transposition of Great Vessels","Transposition of Great Vessels","Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm","Hypertensive Retinopathy","Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome","Aortic Valve Disease","Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease","Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease","Quadricuspid Aortic Valve","Quadricuspid Aortic Valve","Aortico-Ventricular Tunnel","Aortico-Ventricular Tunnel","Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome","Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome","Stroke","Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava","Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastoma","Vascular Depression","Arteriosclerosis","Peripheral Arterial Disease","Thrombosis","Aneurysm, Dissecting","Aneurysm, Infected","Angina Pectoris","Angina Pectoris","Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases","Anterior Compartment Syndrome","Aortic Aneurysm","Aortic Aneurysm","Aortic Coarctation","Aortic Coarctation","Aneurysm, Ruptured","Aortic Valve Stenosis","Heart Valve Prolapse","Aortitis","Aortitis","Heart Septal Defects","Heart Septal Defects","Arrhythmia, Sinus","Vascular Fistula","Arterio-Arterial Fistula","Arteriovenous Malformations","Arteriovenous Fistula","Arteriovenous Fistula","Arteritis","Ataxia Telangiectasia","Atrial Fibrillation","Atrial Flutter","Behcet Syndrome","Bradycardia","Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic","Cardiomyopathy, Dilated","Cardiomyopathy, Dilated","Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic","Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive","Carotid Artery Diseases","Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis","Thromboembolism","Intracranial Aneurysm","Intracranial Arterial Diseases","Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations","Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations","Brain Ischemia","Cervical Rib Syndrome","Chagas Cardiomyopathy","Cor Triatriatum","Cor Triatriatum","Coronary Disease","Coronary Aneurysm","Coronary Disease","Crisscross Heart","Crisscross Heart","Cryoglobulinemia","Dextrocardia","Dextrocardia","Diabetic Retinopathy","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","Ductus Arteriosus, Patent","Ductus Arteriosus, Patent","Dyspnea, Paroxysmal","Ebstein Anomaly","Ebstein Anomaly","Edema, Cardiac","Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome","Eisenmenger Complex","Eisenmenger Complex","Embolism","Endocardial Fibroelastosis","Endocarditis, Bacterial","Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial","Endomyocardial Fibrosis","Erythromelalgia","Cardiac Complexes, Premature","Cardiac Complexes, Premature","Fibromuscular Dysplasia","Heart Aneurysm","Heart Rupture, Post-Infarction","Hemangioma, Cavernous","von Hippel-Lindau Disease","Hypertension, Malignant","Hypertension, Pulmonary","Hypertension, Renal","Hypotension, Orthostatic","Kearns-Sayre Syndrome","Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome","Leriche Syndrome","Leriche Syndrome","Leukomalacia, Periventricular","Levocardia","Levocardia","Long QT Syndrome","Long QT Syndrome","Pre-Excitation Syndromes","Pre-Excitation Syndromes","Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","Marfan Syndrome","Marfan Syndrome","Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion","Mitral Valve Insufficiency","Mitral Valve Stenosis","Moyamoya Disease","Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome","Multiple Myeloma","Myocarditis","Noonan Syndrome","Noonan Syndrome","Systemic Vasculitis","Pericarditis, Constrictive","Pericarditis, Tuberculous","Pericarditis, Tuberculous","Phlebitis","Phlebitis","Postphlebitic Syndrome","Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum","Pulmonary Valve Stenosis","Pulmonary Valve Stenosis","Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency","Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic","IgA Vasculitis","Raynaud Disease","Renal Artery Obstruction","Scimitar Syndrome","Scurvy","Shwartzman Phenomenon","Shwartzman Phenomenon","Shy-Drager Syndrome","Sturge-Weber Syndrome","Tachycardia","Tachycardia","Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic","Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic","Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","Tetralogy of Fallot","Tetralogy of Fallot","Thromboangiitis Obliterans","Thromboangiitis Obliterans","Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency","Tricuspid Valve Stenosis","Trilogy of Fallot","Trilogy of Fallot","Turner Syndrome","Turner Syndrome","Varicose Ulcer","Vascular Headaches","Ventricular Fibrillation","Retinal Artery Occlusion","Myocardial Reperfusion Injury","Myocardial Reperfusion Injury","Myocardial Reperfusion Injury","Myocardial Reperfusion Injury","Alagille Syndrome","Death, Sudden, Cardiac","Carotid Stenosis","Angiomatosis, Bacillary","Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular","Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular","Aneurysm, False","Iliac Aneurysm","Parasystole","CREST Syndrome","Diabetic Foot","Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous","Blue Toe Syndrome","Ventricular Dysfunction, Left","Ventricular Dysfunction, Right","Pulmonary Atresia","Pulmonary Atresia","Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome","Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome","Tricuspid Atresia","Tricuspid Atresia","Tricuspid Atresia","Sneddon Syndrome","Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia","Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia","Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia","Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease","Cerebrovascular Trauma","Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia","Vasospasm, Intracranial","Spinal Cord Ischemia","Retinal Vasculitis","LEOPARD Syndrome","LEOPARD Syndrome","Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced","Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb","Brugada Syndrome","Brugada Syndrome","Acute Coronary Syndrome","Acute Coronary Syndrome","Ischemic Contracture","Livedo Reticularis","Postthrombotic Syndrome","Ectopia Cordis","Ventricular Flutter","Heart Failure, Systolic","Heart Failure, Diastolic","Angioedemas, Hereditary","Malignant Atrophic Papulosis","Malignant Atrophic Papulosis","Primary Graft Dysfunction","Cogan Syndrome","Commotio Cordis","Carney Complex","Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium","Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium","Barth Syndrome","Barth Syndrome","Post-Exercise Hypotension","Endoleak","Diabetic Cardiomyopathies","Sarcoglycanopathies","Retinal Telangiectasis","Single Umbilical Artery","Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest","Intra-Abdominal Hypertension","Cardio-Renal Syndrome","Heterotaxy Syndrome","Heterotaxy Syndrome","White Coat Hypertension","Masked Hypertension","Endocarditis, Non-Infective","May-Thurner Syndrome","May-Thurner Syndrome","Aneurysm","Stenosis, Pulmonary Vein","Arterial Occlusive Diseases","Myocardial Ischemia","Myocardial Ischemia","Heart Defects, Congenital","Heart Defects, Congenital","Vascular Malformations","Aortic Diseases","Arrhythmias, Cardiac","Cardiac Conduction System Disease","Cerebrovascular Disorders","Hypertension","Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome","Reperfusion Injury","Heart Valve Diseases","Compartment Syndromes","Heart Neoplasms","Peripheral Vascular Diseases","Embolism and Thrombosis","Angiomatosis","Angioedema","Ventricular Outflow Obstruction","Vasculitis","Vascular Fistula","Arteriovenous Malformations","Telangiectasis","Carcinoid Heart Disease","Cardiac Output, Low","Cardiac Tamponade","Cardiomyopathies","Cardiomegaly","Thoracic Outlet Syndrome","Hemostatic Disorders","Diabetic Angiopathies","Heart Failure","Embolism, Amniotic Fluid","Endocarditis","Endocarditis, Bacterial","Heart Aneurysm","Heart Arrest","Heart Rupture","Hemorrhoids","Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease","Hyperemia","Hypotension","Peliosis Hepatis","Pericardial Effusion","Pericarditis","Tuberculosis, 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Reticulosis",33,0.0,"D056267","C15.604.515.569.480.750.800.550.600",0,"Description: A distinct variant of mycosis fungoides<br>characterized by the presence of localized patches or plaques<br>with an intraepidermal proliferation of neoplastic cells.",""],["Plasmablastic Lymphoma",250,0.0,"D000069293","C15.604.515.569.480.150.585.500",0,"Description: Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid<br>cells which have the immunophenotype of plasma cells and a<br>predilection for the ORAL CAVITY.",""],["Mycosis Fungoides",5270,0.1,"D009182","C15.604.515.569.480.750.800.550",1,"Description: A chronic, malignant T-cell lymphoma of the skin. In<br>the late stages, the LYMPH NODES and viscera are affected.",""],["Sezary Syndrome",1506,0.0,"D012751","C15.604.515.569.480.750.800.775",0,"Description: A form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma manifested by<br>generalized exfoliative ERYTHRODERMA; PRURITUS; peripheral<br>lymphadenopathy, and abnormal hyperchromatic mononuclear<br>(cerebriform) cells in the skin, LYMPH NODES, and peripheral<br>blood (Sezary cells).",""],["Lymphomatoid Papulosis",511,0.0,"D017731","C15.604.515.569.480.750.800.528",0,"Description: Clinically benign, histologically malignant,<br>recurrent cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder<br>characterized by an infiltration of large atypical cells<br>surrounded by inflammatory cells. The atypical cells resemble<br>REED-STERNBERG CELLS of HODGKIN DISEASE or the malignant cells of<br>CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA. In some cases, lymphomatoid papulosis<br>progresses to lymphomatous conditions including MYCOSIS<br>FUNGOIDES; HODGKIN DISEASE; CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA; or<br>ANAPLASTIC LARGE-CELL LYMPHOMA.",""],["Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell",178,0.0,"D054446","C15.604.515.569.480.750.800.507",0,"Description: Anaplastic lymphoma of the skin which develops as a<br>primary neoplasm expressing the CD30 ANTIGEN. It is characterized<br>by solitary nodules or ulcerated tumors.",""],["Chemotherapy-Induced Febrile Neutropenia",399,0.0,"D064146","C15.378.553.546.184.564.750.500",0,"Description: FEVER accompanied by a significant reduction in<br>NEUTROPHIL count associated with CHEMOTHERAPY.",""],["Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse",20574,0.3,"D016403","C15.604.515.569.480.150.585",1,"Description: Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid<br>cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or<br>more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is<br>predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the<br>malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process<br>of differentiation.",""],["Burkitt Lymphoma",7515,0.1,"D002051","C15.604.515.569.480.150.165",0,"Description: A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA<br>usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts<br>of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic<br>lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are<br>expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in<br>virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus<br>(HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma<br>cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in<br>these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.",""],["Fanconi Anemia",3011,0.0,"D005199","C15.378.190.223.500.500.280",0,"Description: Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow<br>elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and<br>associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as<br>dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a<br>feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA.<br>There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia:<br>FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and<br>FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,<br>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August<br>20, 2004)",""],["Favism",507,0.0,"D005236","C15.378.071.141.150.480.370",0,"Description: Hemolytic anemia due to the ingestion of fava beans<br>or after inhalation of pollen from the Vicia fava plant by<br>persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient<br>erythrocytes.",""],["Hemoglobin SC Disease",489,0.0,"D006450","C15.378.071.141.150.150.440",0,"Description: One of the sickle cell disorders characterized by<br>the presence of both hemoglobin S and hemoglobin C. It is similar<br>to, but less severe than sickle cell anemia.",""],["Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis",726,0.0,"D008230","C15.604.515.569.480.150.600",0,"Description: An angiocentric and angiodestructive<br>lymphoproliferative disorder primarily involving the lungs. It is<br>caused by an Epstein-Barr virus-induced transformation of the<br>B-cells, in a T-cell rich environment. Clinically and<br>pathologically it resembles EXTRANODAL NK-T-CELL LYMPHOMA.",""],["Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous",11216,0.2,"D016410","C15.604.515.569.480.750.800",5,"Description: A group of lymphomas exhibiting clonal expansion of<br>malignant T-lymphocytes arrested at varying stages of<br>differentiation as well as malignant infiltration of the skin.<br>MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES; SEZARY SYNDROME; LYMPHOMATOID PAPULOSIS; and<br>PRIMARY CUTANEOUS ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA are the best<br>characterized of these disorders.",""],["Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic",5025,0.1,"D011697","C15.378.140.855.925.750.680",0,"Description: An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused<br>by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles<br>and capillaries. Clinical features include THROMBOCYTOPENIA;<br>HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; AZOTEMIA; FEVER; and thrombotic<br>microangiopathy. The classical form also includes neurological<br>symptoms and end-organ damage, such as RENAL FAILURE. Mutations<br>in the ADAMTS13 PROTEIN gene have been identified in familial<br>cases.",""],["Sickle Cell Trait",1849,0.0,"D012805","C15.378.071.141.150.150.670",0,"Description: The condition of being heterozygous for hemoglobin<br>S.",""],["Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral",2278,0.0,"D016411","C15.604.515.569.480.750.825",0,"Description: A group of malignant lymphomas thought to derive<br>from peripheral T-lymphocytes in lymph nodes and other<br>nonlymphoid sites. They include a broad spectrum of lymphocyte<br>morphology, but in all instances express T-cell markers admixed<br>with epithelioid histiocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils.<br>Although markedly similar to large-cell immunoblastic lymphoma<br>(LYMPHOMA, LARGE-CELL, IMMUNOBLASTIC), this group's unique<br>features warrant separate treatment.",""],["Lymphoma, AIDS-Related",2200,0.0,"D016483","C15.604.515.569.480.150.450",0,"Description: B-cell lymphoid tumors that occur in association<br>with AIDS. Patients often present with an advanced stage of<br>disease and highly malignant subtypes including BURKITT LYMPHOMA;<br>IMMUNOBLASTIC LARGE-CELL LYMPHOMA; PRIMARY EFFUSION LYMPHOMA; and<br>DIFFUSE, LARGE B-CELL, LYMPHOMA. The tumors are often<br>disseminated in unusual extranodal sites and chromosomal<br>abnormalities are frequently present. It is likely that<br>polyclonal B-cell lymphoproliferation in AIDS is a complex result<br>of EBV infection, HIV antigenic stimulation, and T-cell-dependent<br>HIV activation.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic",7621,0.1,"D016553","C15.378.140.855.925.750.600",0,"Description: Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic<br>exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is<br>mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo<br>destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute<br>(affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.",""],["alpha-Thalassemia",2231,0.0,"D017085","C15.378.071.141.150.875.100",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the<br>alpha chains of hemoglobin. The severity of this condition can<br>vary from mild anemia to death, depending on the number of genes<br>deleted.",""],["beta-Thalassemia",9802,0.2,"D017086","C15.378.071.141.150.875.150",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the<br>beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A<br>synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is<br>asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major,<br>Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia),<br>which can result in severe complications and even death,<br>hemoglobin A synthesis is absent.",""],["Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic",2674,0.0,"D017728","C15.604.515.569.480.750.600",0,"Description: A systemic, large-cell, non-Hodgkin, malignant<br>lymphoma characterized by cells with pleomorphic appearance and<br>expressing the CD30 ANTIGEN. These so-called \"hallmark\" cells<br>have lobulated and indented nuclei. This lymphoma is often<br>mistaken for metastatic carcinoma and MALIGNANT HISTIOCYTOSIS.",""],["Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone",5273,0.1,"D018442","C15.604.515.569.480.150.570",0,"Description: Extranodal lymphoma of lymphoid tissue associated<br>with mucosa that is in contact with exogenous antigens. Many of<br>the sites of these lymphomas, such as the stomach, salivary<br>gland, and thyroid, are normally devoid of lymphoid tissue. They<br>acquire mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type as a result<br>of an immunologically mediated disorder.",""],["Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan",523,0.0,"D029503","C15.378.190.223.500.500.090",0,"Description: A rare congenital hypoplastic anemia that usually<br>presents early in infancy. The disease is characterized by a<br>moderate to severe macrocytic anemia, occasional neutropenia or<br>thrombocytosis, a normocellular bone marrow with erythroid<br>hypoplasia, and an increased risk of developing leukemia. (Curr<br>Opin Hematol 2000 Mar;7(2):85-94)",""],["Lymphoma, Primary Effusion",454,0.0,"D054685","C15.604.515.569.480.150.592",0,"Description: A rare neoplasm of large B-cells usually presenting<br>as serious effusions without detectable tumor masses. The most<br>common sites of involvement are the pleural, pericardial, and<br>peritoneal cavities. It is associated with HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8,<br>most often occurring in the setting of immunodeficiency.",""],["delta-Thalassemia",56,0.0,"D055538","C15.378.071.141.150.875.575",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by reduced or<br>absent DELTA-GLOBIN thus effecting the level of HEMOGLOBIN A2, a<br>minor component of adult hemoglobin monitored in the diagnosis of<br>BETA-THALASSEMIA.",""],["Acute Chest Syndrome",307,0.0,"D056586","C15.378.071.141.150.150.219",0,"Description: Respiratory syndrome characterized by the appearance<br>of a new pulmonary infiltrate on chest x-ray, accompanied by<br>symptoms of fever, cough, chest pain, tachypnea, or DYSPNEA,<br>often seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA. Multiple factors<br>(e.g., infection, and pulmonary FAT EMBOLISM) may contribute to<br>the development of the syndrome.",""],["Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma",186,0.0,"D058527","C15.604.515.569.480.750.399",0,"Description: A primary peripheral T-cell lymphoma in the<br>gastrointestinal tract, most often in the jejunum, associated<br>with a history of CELIAC DISEASE or other gastrointestinal<br>diseases.",""],["Febrile Neutropenia",1326,0.0,"D064147","C15.378.553.546.184.564.750",1,"Description: Fever accompanied by a significant reduction in the<br>number of NEUTROPHILS.",""],["Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome",832,0.0,"D065766","C15.378.140.855.925.500.500",0,"Description: An hereditary hemolytic uremic syndrome associated<br>with variations in the gene that encodes COMPLEMENT FACTOR H, or<br>the related proteins CFHR1 and CFHR3. Disease often progresses to<br>CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE without the prodromal symptoms of<br>ENTEROCOLITIS and DIARRHEA that characterize typical hemolytic<br>uremic syndrome.",""],["Lymphoma, B-Cell",50935,0.8,"D016393","C15.604.515.569.480.150",7,"Description: A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally<br>expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant<br>transformations of B-lymphocytes.",""],["Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome",45,0.0,"D000081003","C15.378.190.223.500.875",0,"Description: An inherited syndrome characterized by EXOCRINE<br>PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; hematologic abnormalities (e.g., bone<br>marrow hypoplasia), and skeletal abnormalities (e.g., metaphyseal<br>chondroplasia). GERMLINE MUTATIONS in the SBDS gene are<br>associated with Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome.",""],["Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital",576,0.0,"D000742","C15.378.071.141.150.095",0,"Description: A familial disorder characterized by ANEMIA with<br>multinuclear ERYTHROBLASTS, karyorrhexis, asynchrony of nuclear<br>and cytoplasmic maturation, and various nuclear abnormalities of<br>bone marrow erythrocyte precursors (ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELLS).<br>Type II is the most common of the 3 types; it is often referred<br>to as HEMPAS, based on the Hereditary Erythroblast<br>Multinuclearity with Positive Acidified Serum test.",""],["Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Nonspherocytic",717,0.0,"D000746","C15.378.071.141.150.100",0,"Description: Any one of a group of congenital hemolytic anemias<br>in which there is no abnormal hemoglobin or spherocytosis and in<br>which there is a defect of glycolysis in the erythrocyte. Common<br>causes include deficiencies in GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE;<br>PYRUVATE KINASE; and GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE.",""],["Anemia, Pernicious",4440,0.1,"D000752","C15.378.071.252.196.500",0,"Description: A megaloblastic anemia occurring in children but<br>more commonly in later life, characterized by histamine-fast<br>achlorhydria, in which the laboratory and clinical manifestations<br>are based on malabsorption of vitamin B 12 due to a failure of<br>the gastric mucosa to secrete adequate and potent intrinsic<br>factor. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts",506,0.0,"D000754","C15.378.190.625.062.080",0,"Description: Chronic refractory anemia with granulocytopenia,<br>and/or thrombocytopenia. Myeloblasts and progranulocytes<br>constitute 5 to 40 percent of the nucleated marrow cells.",""],["Anemia, Sickle Cell",24927,0.4,"D000755","C15.378.071.141.150.150",3,"Description: A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia,<br>episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many<br>organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for<br>hemoglobin S.",""],["Blast Crisis",1776,0.0,"D001752","C15.378.190.636.370.100",0,"Description: An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia,<br>characterized by a rapid increase in the proportion of immature<br>white blood cells (blasts) in the blood and bone marrow to<br>greater than 30%.",""],["Elliptocytosis, Hereditary",644,0.0,"D004612","C15.378.071.141.150.365",0,"Description: An intrinsic defect of erythrocytes inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant trait. The erythrocytes assume an oval or<br>elliptical shape.",""],["Fanconi Anemia",3011,0.0,"D005199","C15.378.071.085.080.280",0,"Description: Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow<br>elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and<br>associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as<br>dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a<br>feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA.<br>There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia:<br>FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and<br>FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,<br>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August<br>20, 2004)",""],["Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital",3563,0.1,"D029502","C15.378.190.223.500.500",2,"Description: An inborn condition characterized by deficiencies of<br>red cell precursors that sometimes also includes LEUKOPENIA and<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA.",""],["Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency",4429,0.1,"D005955","C15.378.071.141.150.480",1,"Description: A disease-producing enzyme deficiency subject to<br>many variants, some of which cause a deficiency of<br>GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE activity in erythrocytes,<br>leading to hemolytic anemia.",""],["Hemoglobin C Disease",277,0.0,"D006445","C15.378.071.141.150.490",0,"Description: A disease characterized by compensated hemolysis<br>with a normal hemoglobin level or a mild to moderate anemia.<br>There may be intermittent abdominal discomfort, splenomegaly, and<br>slight jaundice.",""],["Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome",5877,0.1,"D006463","C15.378.140.855.925.500",1,"Description: A syndrome that is associated with microvascular<br>diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is<br>characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC);<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.",""],["Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease",188,0.0,"D007161","C15.378.147.780.490.512",0,"Description: A condition that is caused by HYPERPLASIA of<br>LYMPHOCYTES in the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL) and the<br>mesenteric LYMPH NODES. These lymphocytes produce an anomalous<br>alpha heavy chain protein. Generally, these IPSID patients have<br>either concurrent LYMPHOMA or develop lymphoma within a few<br>years. The disease was first described in the Mediterranean<br>region and is characterized by malabsorption; WEIGHT LOSS;<br>DIARRHEA; and STEATORRHEA.",""],["Lymphoma, Follicular",6300,0.1,"D008224","C15.604.515.569.480.350",0,"Description: Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells<br>are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES.<br>The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph<br>node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation<br>of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES.",""],["Lymphoma, T-Cell",22466,0.4,"D016399","C15.604.515.569.480.750",9,"Description: A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors<br>representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes.",""],["Neutropenia",12475,0.2,"D009503","C15.378.553.546.184.564",2,"Description: A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the<br>blood.",""],["Pulmonary Eosinophilia",2806,0.0,"D011657","C15.378.553.231.549.750",0,"Description: A condition characterized by infiltration of the<br>lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease<br>processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic<br>pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic",17936,0.3,"D011696","C15.378.140.855.925.750",2,"Description: Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is<br>decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological<br>mechanisms.",""],["Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic",5025,0.1,"D011697","C15.378.100.802.687.680",0,"Description: An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused<br>by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles<br>and capillaries. Clinical features include THROMBOCYTOPENIA;<br>HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; AZOTEMIA; FEVER; and thrombotic<br>microangiopathy. The classical form also includes neurological<br>symptoms and end-organ damage, such as RENAL FAILURE. Mutations<br>in the ADAMTS13 PROTEIN gene have been identified in familial<br>cases.",""],["Spherocytosis, Hereditary",1856,0.0,"D013103","C15.378.071.141.150.785",0,"Description: A group of familial congenital hemolytic anemias<br>characterized by numerous abnormally shaped erythrocytes which<br>are generally spheroidal. The erythrocytes have increased osmotic<br>fragility and are abnormally permeable to sodium ions.",""],["Thalassemia",21189,0.3,"D013789","C15.378.071.141.150.875",3,"Description: A group of hereditary hemolytic anemias in which<br>there is decreased synthesis of one or more hemoglobin<br>polypeptide chains. There are several genetic types with clinical<br>pictures ranging from barely detectable hematologic abnormality<br>to severe and fatal anemia.",""],["Thrombocythemia, Essential",3114,0.0,"D013920","C15.378.190.636.860.800",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by repeated<br>spontaneous hemorrhages and a remarkable increase in the number<br>of circulating platelets.",""],["Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome",1182,0.0,"D014923","C15.378.553.546.605.900",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by ECZEMA; LYMPHOPENIA; and, recurrent pyogenic<br>infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically,<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels are low and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular<br>malignancies are common.",""],["Hydrops Fetalis",1822,0.0,"D015160","C15.378.420.826.100.350",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more<br>fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA;<br>PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-<br>immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of<br>ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.",""],["Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell",18408,0.3,"D015451","C15.604.515.560.080.125",0,"Description: A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal<br>B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients<br>presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement<br>it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those<br>predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small<br>lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same<br>disease.",""],["Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma",2821,0.0,"D015452","C15.604.515.560.600.600",0,"Description: A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children<br>and adolescents and characterized by a high number of<br>lymphoblasts and solid tumor lesions. Frequent sites involve<br>LYMPH NODES, skin, and bones. It most commonly presents as<br>leukemia.",""],["Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell",3960,0.1,"D015459","C15.604.515.560.575.100",0,"Description: Aggressive T-Cell malignancy with adult onset,<br>caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1. It is endemic in Japan,<br>the Caribbean basin, Southeastern United States, Hawaii, and<br>parts of Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell",353,0.0,"D015461","C15.604.515.560.550.750",0,"Description: A lymphoid leukemia characterized by a profound<br>LYMPHOCYTOSIS with or without LYMPHADENOPATHY,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, frequently rapid progression, and short<br>survival. It was formerly called T-cell chronic lymphocytic<br>leukemia.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell",353,0.0,"D015461","C15.604.515.560.575.125",0,"Description: A lymphoid leukemia characterized by a profound<br>LYMPHOCYTOSIS with or without LYMPHADENOPATHY,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, frequently rapid progression, and short<br>survival. It was formerly called T-cell chronic lymphocytic<br>leukemia.",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase",122,0.0,"D015465","C15.378.190.636.370.300",0,"Description: The phase of chronic myeloid leukemia following the<br>chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC-PHASE), where there are<br>increased systemic symptoms, worsening cytopenias, and refractory<br>LEUKOCYTOSIS.",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase",928,0.0,"D015466","C15.378.190.636.370.400",0,"Description: The initial phase of chronic myeloid leukemia<br>consisting of an relatively indolent period lasting from 4 to 7<br>years. Patients range from asymptomatic to those exhibiting<br>ANEMIA; SPLENOMEGALY; and increased cell turnover. There are 5%<br>or fewer blast cells in the blood and bone marrow in this phase.",""],["Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic",275,0.0,"D016400","C15.604.515.569.480.493",0,"Description: Malignant lymphoma characterized by the presence of<br>immunoblasts with uniformly round-to-oval nuclei, one or more<br>prominent nucleoli, and abundant cytoplasm. This class may be<br>subdivided into plasmacytoid and clear-cell types based on<br>cytoplasmic characteristics. A third category, pleomorphous, may<br>be analogous to some of the peripheral T-cell lymphomas<br>(LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, PERIPHERAL) recorded in both the United States<br>and Japan.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic",7621,0.1,"D016553","C15.378.100.802.687.600",0,"Description: Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic<br>exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is<br>mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo<br>destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute<br>(affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.",""],["T-Lymphocytopenia, Idiopathic CD4-Positive",305,0.0,"D018344","C15.378.553.546.605.800",0,"Description: Reproducible depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes below 300<br>per cubic millimeter in the absence of HIV infection or other<br>known causes of immunodeficiency. This is a rare, heterogeneous<br>syndrome and does not appear to be caused by a transmissible<br>agent.",""],["Dyskeratosis Congenita",679,0.0,"D019871","C15.378.190.223.500.750",0,"Description: A predominantly X-linked recessive syndrome<br>characterized by a triad of reticular skin pigmentation, nail<br>dystrophy and leukoplakia of mucous membranes. Oral and dental<br>abnormalities may also be present. Complications are a<br>predisposition to malignancy and bone marrow involvement with<br>pancytopenia. (from Int J Paediatr Dent 2000 Dec;10(4):328-34)<br>The X-linked form is also known as Zinsser-Cole-Engman syndrome<br>and involves the gene which encodes a highly conserved protein<br>called dyskerin.",""],["Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell",3714,0.1,"D020522","C15.604.515.569.480.525",0,"Description: A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually<br>diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small<br>cleaved cells. It accounts for about 5% of adult non-Hodgkin<br>lymphomas in the United States and Europe. The majority of<br>mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14)<br>translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene<br>(GENES, BCL-1).",""],["Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System",1927,0.0,"D020786","C15.378.463.515.385.500",0,"Description: A vascular anomaly composed of a collection of<br>large, thin walled tortuous VEINS that can occur in any part of<br>the central nervous system but lack intervening nervous tissue.<br>Familial occurrence is common and has been associated with a<br>number of genes mapped to 7q, 7p and 3q. Clinical features<br>include SEIZURES; HEADACHE; STROKE; and progressive neurological<br>deficit.",""],["Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan",523,0.0,"D029503","C15.378.071.085.080.090",0,"Description: A rare congenital hypoplastic anemia that usually<br>presents early in infancy. The disease is characterized by a<br>moderate to severe macrocytic anemia, occasional neutropenia or<br>thrombocytosis, a normocellular bone marrow with erythroid<br>hypoplasia, and an increased risk of developing leukemia. (Curr<br>Opin Hematol 2000 Mar;7(2):85-94)",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A",100,0.0,"D052536","C15.604.250.410.625.500",0,"Description: The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease,<br>caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE. It is<br>characterized by accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS in the cells of<br>the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM and other cell throughout the<br>body leading to cell death. Clinical signs include JAUNDICE,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, and severe brain damage.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B",106,0.0,"D052537","C15.604.250.410.625.750",0,"Description: An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE,<br>a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN<br>PHOSPHODIESTERASE but clinical signs involve only visceral organs<br>(non-neuropathic type).",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C",987,0.0,"D052556","C15.604.250.410.625.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that<br>is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by<br>mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates<br>intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical<br>signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological<br>symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia<br>ancestry.",""],["Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Type 1",93,0.0,"D053307","C15.378.147.333.249.500",0,"Description: An X-linked hyper-IgM immunodeficiency subtype<br>resulting from mutation in the gene encoding CD40 LIGAND.",""],["Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic",592,0.0,"D054066","C15.604.515.560.575.049",0,"Description: A spectrum of disorders characterized by clonal<br>expansions of the peripheral blood LYMPHOCYTE populations known<br>as large granular lymphocytes which contain abundant cytoplasm<br>and azurophilic granules. Subtypes develop from either<br>CD3-negative NATURAL KILLER CELLS or CD3-positive T-CELLS. The<br>clinical course of both subtypes can vary from spontaneous<br>regression to progressive, malignant disease.",""],["Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma",2266,0.0,"D054218","C15.604.515.560.600.620",0,"Description: A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children<br>and young adults and characterized LYMPHADENOPATHY and THYMUS<br>GLAND involvement. It most frequently presents as a lymphoma, but<br>a leukemic progression in the bone marrow is common.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell",76,0.0,"D054403","C15.604.515.560.080.562",0,"Description: A neoplasm of prolymphocytes affecting the blood,<br>bone marrow, and spleen. It is characterized by prolymphocytes<br>exceeding 55% of the lymphoid cells in the blood and profound<br>splenomegaly.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell",76,0.0,"D054403","C15.604.515.560.550.745",0,"Description: A neoplasm of prolymphocytes affecting the blood,<br>bone marrow, and spleen. It is characterized by prolymphocytes<br>exceeding 55% of the lymphoid cells in the blood and profound<br>splenomegaly.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 1",138,0.0,"D056725","C15.378.100.100.900.100",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from a partial deficiency of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 1",138,0.0,"D056725","C15.378.100.141.900.100",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from a partial deficiency of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 2",228,0.0,"D056728","C15.378.100.100.900.200",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from qualitative deficiencies of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR. The<br>subtype is divided into several variants with each variant having<br>a distinctive pattern of PLATELET-interaction.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 2",228,0.0,"D056728","C15.378.100.141.900.200",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from qualitative deficiencies of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR. The<br>subtype is divided into several variants with each variant having<br>a distinctive pattern of PLATELET-interaction.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 3",94,0.0,"D056729","C15.378.100.100.900.300",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from a total or near total deficiency of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 3",94,0.0,"D056729","C15.378.100.141.900.300",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from a total or near total deficiency of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.",""],["Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome",832,0.0,"D065766","C15.378.071.141.610.500",0,"Description: An hereditary hemolytic uremic syndrome associated<br>with variations in the gene that encodes COMPLEMENT FACTOR H, or<br>the related proteins CFHR1 and CFHR3. Disease often progresses to<br>CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE without the prodromal symptoms of<br>ENTEROCOLITIS and DIARRHEA that characterize typical hemolytic<br>uremic syndrome.",""],["Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin",114285,1.8,"D008228","C15.604.515.569.480",21,"Description: Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid<br>tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous<br>with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course,<br>prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these<br>tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a<br>characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.",""],["Smoldering Multiple Myeloma",152,0.0,"D000075122","C15.378.147.542.820",0,"Description: An asymptomatic and slow-growing PLASMA CELL<br>dyscrasia characterized by presence of MYELOMA PROTEINS and<br>clonal bone marrow plasma cells without end-organ damage (e.g.,<br>renal impairment). It is distinguished from MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY<br>OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE by a much higher risk of progression<br>to symptomatic MULTIPLE MYELOMA.",""],["Smoldering Multiple Myeloma",152,0.0,"D000075122","C15.378.147.780.838",0,"Description: An asymptomatic and slow-growing PLASMA CELL<br>dyscrasia characterized by presence of MYELOMA PROTEINS and<br>clonal bone marrow plasma cells without end-organ damage (e.g.,<br>renal impairment). It is distinguished from MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY<br>OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE by a much higher risk of progression<br>to symptomatic MULTIPLE MYELOMA.",""],["GATA2 Deficiency",96,0.0,"D000077428","C15.378.190.625.265",0,"Description: A rare disorder of the immune system with wide-<br>ranging effects which include GATA2 Transcription Factor<br>dysfunction, immunodeficiency, myelodysplastic syndrome<br>(ineffective blood cell production), lung disease, and problems<br>of the vascular and lymphatic system.",""],["Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes",4409,0.1,"D000080984","C15.378.190.223.500",5,"Description: Inherited syndromes characterized by deficiency or<br>absence of various blood cells due to mutations that affect<br>HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS development and proliferation.",""],["Kimura Disease",58,0.0,"D000082242","C15.378.553.231.774",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory disease characterized by<br>benign enlargement of cervical LYMPH NODE and SALIVARY GLANDS<br>with increased levels of IMMUNOGLOBULIN E. Unlike ANGIOLYMPHOID<br>HYPERPLASIA WITH EOSINOPHILIA it involves eosinophil infiltrates<br>in lymph node and salivary glands and mostly found in Asian<br>males.",""],["Afibrinogenemia",2122,0.0,"D000347","C15.378.100.100.056",0,"Description: A deficiency or absence of FIBRINOGEN in the blood.",""],["Afibrinogenemia",2122,0.0,"D000347","C15.378.100.141.072",0,"Description: A deficiency or absence of FIBRINOGEN in the blood.",""],["Agranulocytosis",18736,0.3,"D000380","C15.378.553.546.184",3,"Description: A decrease in the number of GRANULOCYTES;<br>(BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS).",""],["Anemia, Aplastic",11338,0.2,"D000741","C15.378.190.223.250",0,"Description: A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to<br>produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.",""],["Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital",56380,0.9,"D000745","C15.378.071.141.150",15,"Description: Hemolytic anemia due to various intrinsic defects of<br>the erythrocyte.",""],["Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune",5520,0.1,"D000744","C15.378.071.141.125",0,"Description: Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of<br>AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED<br>BLOOD CELLS.",""],["Anemia, Megaloblastic",6043,0.1,"D000749","C15.378.071.252.196",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by the presence of ANEMIA,<br>abnormally large red blood cells (megalocytes or macrocytes), and<br>MEGALOBLASTS.",""],["Anemia, Myelophthisic",476,0.0,"D000750","C15.378.190.636.085",0,"Description: Anemia characterized by appearance of immature<br>myeloid and nucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood,<br>resulting from infiltration of the bone marrow by foreign or<br>abnormal tissue.",""],["Anemia, Refractory",1291,0.0,"D000753","C15.378.190.625.062",1,"Description: A severe sometimes chronic anemia, usually<br>macrocytic in type, that does not respond to ordinary antianemic<br>therapy.",""],["Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts",506,0.0,"D000754","C15.378.071.400.080",0,"Description: Chronic refractory anemia with granulocytopenia,<br>and/or thrombocytopenia. Myeloblasts and progranulocytes<br>constitute 5 to 40 percent of the nucleated marrow cells.",""],["Anemia, Sideroblastic",1601,0.0,"D000756","C15.378.190.625.070",0,"Description: Anemia characterized by the presence of<br>erythroblasts containing excessive deposits of iron in the<br>marrow.",""],["Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia",973,0.0,"D000796","C15.378.553.231.085",0,"Description: Solitary or multiple benign cutaneous nodules<br>comprised of immature and mature vascular structures intermingled<br>with endothelial cells and a varied infiltrate of eosinophils,<br>histiocytes, lymphocytes, and mast cells.",""],["Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia",973,0.0,"D000796","C15.604.515.292.007",0,"Description: Solitary or multiple benign cutaneous nodules<br>comprised of immature and mature vascular structures intermingled<br>with endothelial cells and a varied infiltrate of eosinophils,<br>histiocytes, lymphocytes, and mast cells.",""],["Bernard-Soulier Syndrome",378,0.0,"D001606","C15.378.100.100.080",0,"Description: A familial coagulation disorder characterized by a<br>prolonged bleeding time, unusually large platelets, and impaired<br>prothrombin consumption.",""],["Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive",21320,0.3,"D015464","C15.378.190.636.370",3,"Description: Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired<br>genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID<br>CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other<br>organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent,<br>chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7<br>years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase<br>(LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.",""],["Chediak-Higashi Syndrome",684,0.0,"D002609","C15.378.553.774.257",0,"Description: A form of phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction<br>characterized by unusual oculocutaneous albinism, high incidence<br>of lymphoreticular neoplasms, and recurrent pyogenic infections.<br>In many cell types, abnormal lysosomes are present leading to<br>defective pigment distribution and abnormal neutrophil functions.<br>The disease is transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance and<br>a similar disorder occurs in the beige mouse, the Aleutian mink,<br>and albino Hereford cattle.",""],["Hemophilia B",3880,0.1,"D002836","C15.378.100.100.510",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation factor IX<br>inherited as an X-linked disorder. (Also known as Christmas<br>Disease, after the first patient studied in detail, not the holy<br>day.) Historical and clinical features resemble those in classic<br>hemophilia (HEMOPHILIA A), but patients present with fewer<br>symptoms. Severity of bleeding is usually similar in members of a<br>single family. Many patients are asymptomatic until the<br>hemostatic system is stressed by surgery or trauma. Treatment is<br>similar to that for hemophilia A. (From Cecil Textbook of<br>Medicine, 19th ed, p1008)",""],["Hemophilia B",3880,0.1,"D002836","C15.378.100.141.510",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation factor IX<br>inherited as an X-linked disorder. (Also known as Christmas<br>Disease, after the first patient studied in detail, not the holy<br>day.) Historical and clinical features resemble those in classic<br>hemophilia (HEMOPHILIA A), but patients present with fewer<br>symptoms. Severity of bleeding is usually similar in members of a<br>single family. Many patients are asymptomatic until the<br>hemostatic system is stressed by surgery or trauma. Treatment is<br>similar to that for hemophilia A. (From Cecil Textbook of<br>Medicine, 19th ed, p1008)",""],["Cryoglobulinemia",2925,0.0,"D003449","C15.378.147.780.243",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>abnormal quantities of CRYOGLOBULINS in the blood. Upon cold<br>exposure, these abnormal proteins precipitate into the<br>microvasculature leading to restricted blood flow in the exposed<br>areas.",""],["Cryoglobulinemia",2925,0.0,"D003449","C15.378.463.515.140",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>abnormal quantities of CRYOGLOBULINS in the blood. Upon cold<br>exposure, these abnormal proteins precipitate into the<br>microvasculature leading to restricted blood flow in the exposed<br>areas.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C15.604.451.249.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome",3454,0.1,"D004535","C15.378.463.515.240",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of autosomally inherited<br>COLLAGEN DISEASES caused by defects in the synthesis or structure<br>of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are numerous subtypes: classical,<br>hypermobility, vascular, and others. Common clinical features<br>include hyperextensible skin and joints, skin fragility and<br>reduced wound healing capability.",""],["Eosinophilic Granuloma",2734,0.0,"D004803","C15.378.553.231.348",0,"Description: The most benign and common form of Langerhans-cell<br>histiocytosis which involves localized nodular lesions<br>predominantly of the bones but also of the gastric mucosa, small<br>intestine, lungs, or skin, with infiltration by EOSINOPHILS.",""],["Eosinophilic Granuloma",2734,0.0,"D004803","C15.604.250.400.360",0,"Description: The most benign and common form of Langerhans-cell<br>histiocytosis which involves localized nodular lesions<br>predominantly of the bones but also of the gastric mucosa, small<br>intestine, lungs, or skin, with infiltration by EOSINOPHILS.",""],["Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute",3412,0.1,"D004915","C15.378.190.636.276",0,"Description: A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by<br>neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic<br>elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the<br>peripheral blood.",""],["Factor V Deficiency",712,0.0,"D005166","C15.378.100.100.300",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation factor V (known as<br>proaccelerin or accelerator globulin or labile factor) leading to<br>a rare hemorrhagic tendency known as Owren's disease or<br>parahemophilia. It varies greatly in severity. Factor V<br>deficiency is an autosomal recessive trait. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Factor V Deficiency",712,0.0,"D005166","C15.378.100.141.300",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation factor V (known as<br>proaccelerin or accelerator globulin or labile factor) leading to<br>a rare hemorrhagic tendency known as Owren's disease or<br>parahemophilia. It varies greatly in severity. Factor V<br>deficiency is an autosomal recessive trait. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Factor VII Deficiency",971,0.0,"D005168","C15.378.100.100.310",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive characteristic or a<br>coagulation disorder acquired in association with VITAMIN K<br>DEFICIENCY. FACTOR VII is a Vitamin K dependent glycoprotein<br>essential to the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.",""],["Factor VII Deficiency",971,0.0,"D005168","C15.378.100.141.310",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive characteristic or a<br>coagulation disorder acquired in association with VITAMIN K<br>DEFICIENCY. FACTOR VII is a Vitamin K dependent glycoprotein<br>essential to the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.",""],["Factor X Deficiency",469,0.0,"D005171","C15.378.100.100.320",0,"Description: Blood coagulation disorder usually inherited as an<br>autosomal recessive trait, though it can be acquired. It is<br>characterized by defective activity in both the intrinsic and<br>extrinsic pathways, impaired thromboplastin time, and impaired<br>prothrombin consumption.",""],["Factor X Deficiency",469,0.0,"D005171","C15.378.100.141.320",0,"Description: Blood coagulation disorder usually inherited as an<br>autosomal recessive trait, though it can be acquired. It is<br>characterized by defective activity in both the intrinsic and<br>extrinsic pathways, impaired thromboplastin time, and impaired<br>prothrombin consumption.",""],["Factor XI Deficiency",647,0.0,"D005173","C15.378.100.100.325",0,"Description: A hereditary deficiency of blood coagulation factor<br>XI (also known as plasma thromboplastin antecedent or PTA or<br>antihemophilic factor C) resulting in a systemic blood-clotting<br>defect called hemophilia C or Rosenthal's syndrome, that may<br>resemble classical hemophilia.",""],["Factor XI Deficiency",647,0.0,"D005173","C15.378.100.141.325",0,"Description: A hereditary deficiency of blood coagulation factor<br>XI (also known as plasma thromboplastin antecedent or PTA or<br>antihemophilic factor C) resulting in a systemic blood-clotting<br>defect called hemophilia C or Rosenthal's syndrome, that may<br>resemble classical hemophilia.",""],["Factor XII Deficiency",324,0.0,"D005175","C15.378.100.100.330",0,"Description: An absence or reduced level of blood coagulation<br>factor XII. It normally occurs in the absence of patient or<br>family history of hemorrhagic disorders and is marked by<br>prolonged clotting time.",""],["Factor XII Deficiency",324,0.0,"D005175","C15.378.100.141.330",0,"Description: An absence or reduced level of blood coagulation<br>factor XII. It normally occurs in the absence of patient or<br>family history of hemorrhagic disorders and is marked by<br>prolonged clotting time.",""],["Factor XIII Deficiency",678,0.0,"D005177","C15.378.100.100.335",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation FACTOR XIII or<br>fibrin stabilizing factor (FSF) that prevents blood clot<br>formation and results in a clinical hemorrhagic diathesis.",""],["Factor XIII Deficiency",678,0.0,"D005177","C15.378.100.141.335",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation FACTOR XIII or<br>fibrin stabilizing factor (FSF) that prevents blood clot<br>formation and results in a clinical hemorrhagic diathesis.",""],["Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital",3563,0.1,"D029502","C15.378.071.085.080",2,"Description: An inborn condition characterized by deficiencies of<br>red cell precursors that sometimes also includes LEUKOPENIA and<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA.",""],["Favism",507,0.0,"D005236","C15.378.071.141.370",0,"Description: Hemolytic anemia due to the ingestion of fava beans<br>or after inhalation of pollen from the Vicia fava plant by<br>persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient<br>erythrocytes.",""],["Fetofetal Transfusion",2031,0.0,"D005330","C15.378.071.363.344",0,"Description: Passage of blood from one fetus to another via an<br>arteriovenous communication or other shunt, in a monozygotic twin<br>pregnancy. It results in anemia in one twin and polycythemia in<br>the other. (Lee et al., Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed,<br>p737-8)",""],["Fetomaternal Transfusion",933,0.0,"D005331","C15.378.071.363.511",0,"Description: Transplacental passage of fetal blood into the<br>circulation of the maternal organism. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Granulomatous Disease, Chronic",2875,0.0,"D006105","C15.378.553.774.535",0,"Description: A defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic<br>cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring<br>bacterial infections with granuloma formation. When chronic<br>granulomatous disease is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene,<br>the condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. When<br>chronic granulomatous disease is caused by CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or<br>NCF4 gene mutations, the condition is inherited in an autosomal<br>recessive pattern.",""],["Heavy Chain Disease",869,0.0,"D006362","C15.378.147.780.490",1,"Description: A disorder of immunoglobulin synthesis in which<br>large quantities of abnormal heavy chains are excreted in the<br>urine. The amino acid sequences of the N-(amino-) terminal<br>regions of these chains are normal, but they have a deletion<br>extending from part of the variable domain through the first<br>domain of the constant region, so that they cannot form cross-<br>links to the light chains. The defect arises through faulty<br>coupling of the variable (V) and constant (C) region genes.",""],["Hemangioma, Cavernous",7543,0.1,"D006392","C15.378.463.515.385",1,"Description: A vascular anomaly that is a collection of tortuous<br>BLOOD VESSELS and connective tissue. This tumor-like mass with<br>the large vascular space is filled with blood and usually appears<br>as a strawberry-like lesion in the subcutaneous areas of the<br>face, extremities, or other regions of the body including the<br>central nervous system.",""],["Hemoglobin SC Disease",489,0.0,"D006450","C15.378.420.155.440",0,"Description: One of the sickle cell disorders characterized by<br>the presence of both hemoglobin S and hemoglobin C. It is similar<br>to, but less severe than sickle cell anemia.",""],["Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal",3584,0.1,"D006457","C15.378.071.141.560",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the recurrence of<br>HEMOGLOBINURIA caused by intravascular HEMOLYSIS. In cases<br>occurring upon cold exposure (paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria),<br>usually after infections, there is a circulating antibody which<br>is also a cold hemolysin. In cases occurring during or after<br>sleep (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria), the clonal<br>hematopoietic stem cells exhibit a global deficiency of cell<br>membrane proteins.",""],["Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal",3584,0.1,"D006457","C15.378.190.625.460",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the recurrence of<br>HEMOGLOBINURIA caused by intravascular HEMOLYSIS. In cases<br>occurring upon cold exposure (paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria),<br>usually after infections, there is a circulating antibody which<br>is also a cold hemolysin. In cases occurring during or after<br>sleep (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria), the clonal<br>hematopoietic stem cells exhibit a global deficiency of cell<br>membrane proteins.",""],["Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome",5877,0.1,"D006463","C15.378.071.141.610",1,"Description: A syndrome that is associated with microvascular<br>diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is<br>characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC);<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.",""],["Thrombotic Microangiopathies",25464,0.4,"D057049","C15.378.140.855.925",5,"Description: Diseases that result in THROMBOSIS in<br>MICROVASCULATURE. The two most prominent diseases are PURPURA,<br>THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC; and HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME.<br>Multiple etiological factors include VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELL<br>damage due to SHIGA TOXIN; FACTOR H deficiency; and aberrant VON<br>WILLEBRAND FACTOR formation.",""],["Hemophilia A",20395,0.3,"D006467","C15.378.100.100.500",0,"Description: The classic hemophilia resulting from a deficiency<br>of factor VIII. It is an inherited disorder of blood coagulation<br>characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage.",""],["Hemophilia A",20395,0.3,"D006467","C15.378.100.141.500",0,"Description: The classic hemophilia resulting from a deficiency<br>of factor VIII. It is an inherited disorder of blood coagulation<br>characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage.",""],["Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding",604,0.0,"D006475","C15.378.100.920.360",0,"Description: Hemorrhage caused by vitamin K deficiency.",""],["Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding",604,0.0,"D006475","C15.378.463.841.464",0,"Description: Hemorrhage caused by vitamin K deficiency.",""],["Hodgkin Disease",30870,0.5,"D006689","C15.604.515.569.355",0,"Description: A malignant disease characterized by progressive<br>enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid<br>tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate<br>Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular<br>lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells<br>are seen.",""],["Hypoprothrombinemias",951,0.0,"D007020","C15.378.100.100.550",0,"Description: Absence or reduced levels of PROTHROMBIN in the<br>blood.",""],["Hypoprothrombinemias",951,0.0,"D007020","C15.378.100.141.550",0,"Description: Absence or reduced levels of PROTHROMBIN in the<br>blood.",""],["Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease",188,0.0,"D007161","C15.604.515.435.512",0,"Description: A condition that is caused by HYPERPLASIA of<br>LYMPHOCYTES in the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL) and the<br>mesenteric LYMPH NODES. These lymphocytes produce an anomalous<br>alpha heavy chain protein. Generally, these IPSID patients have<br>either concurrent LYMPHOMA or develop lymphoma within a few<br>years. The disease was first described in the Mediterranean<br>region and is characterized by malabsorption; WEIGHT LOSS;<br>DIARRHEA; and STEATORRHEA.",""],["Job Syndrome",838,0.0,"D007589","C15.378.553.774.600",0,"Description: Primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by<br>recurrent infections and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Most cases<br>are sporadic. Of the rare familial forms, the dominantly<br>inherited subtype has additional connective tissue, dental and<br>skeletal involvement that the recessive type does not share.",""],["Leukemoid Reaction",840,0.0,"D007955","C15.378.190.636.484",0,"Description: A peripheral blood picture resembling that of<br>leukemia or indistinguishable from it on the basis of morphologic<br>appearance alone. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Leukemoid Reaction",840,0.0,"D007955","C15.378.553.475.428",0,"Description: A peripheral blood picture resembling that of<br>leukemia or indistinguishable from it on the basis of morphologic<br>appearance alone. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Lymphocytosis",2161,0.0,"D008218","C15.378.553.475.604",0,"Description: Excess of normal lymphocytes in the blood or in any<br>effusion.",""],["Lymphopenia",3730,0.1,"D008231","C15.378.553.546.605",2,"Description: Reduction in the number of lymphocytes.",""],["Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia",4668,0.1,"D008258","C15.378.147.780.925",0,"Description: A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by<br>pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased<br>levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is<br>lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often<br>other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical<br>features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.",""],["Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia",4668,0.1,"D008258","C15.378.463.515.960",0,"Description: A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by<br>pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased<br>levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is<br>lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often<br>other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical<br>features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.",""],["Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance",1313,0.0,"D008998","C15.378.147.542.640",0,"Description: Conditions characterized by the presence of M<br>protein (Monoclonal protein) in serum or urine without clinical<br>manifestations of plasma cell dyscrasia.",""],["Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance",1313,0.0,"D008998","C15.378.147.780.570",0,"Description: Conditions characterized by the presence of M<br>protein (Monoclonal protein) in serum or urine without clinical<br>manifestations of plasma cell dyscrasia.",""],["Multiple Myeloma",42008,0.7,"D009101","C15.378.147.780.650",0,"Description: A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in<br>monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by<br>hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction,<br>bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Multiple Myeloma",42008,0.7,"D009101","C15.378.463.515.460",0,"Description: A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in<br>monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by<br>hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction,<br>bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Niemann-Pick Diseases",2604,0.0,"D009542","C15.604.250.410.625",3,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which<br>harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the<br>central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of<br>enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in<br>intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of<br>SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based<br>on their clinical and genetic differences.",""],["Polycythemia Vera",5425,0.1,"D011087","C15.378.190.250.500",0,"Description: A myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology,<br>characterized by abnormal proliferation of all hematopoietic bone<br>marrow elements and an absolute increase in red cell mass and<br>total blood volume, associated frequently with splenomegaly,<br>leukocytosis, and thrombocythemia. Hematopoiesis is also reactive<br>in extramedullary sites (liver and spleen). In time myelofibrosis<br>occurs.",""],["Polycythemia Vera",5425,0.1,"D011087","C15.378.190.636.753",0,"Description: A myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology,<br>characterized by abnormal proliferation of all hematopoietic bone<br>marrow elements and an absolute increase in red cell mass and<br>total blood volume, associated frequently with splenomegaly,<br>leukocytosis, and thrombocythemia. Hematopoiesis is also reactive<br>in extramedullary sites (liver and spleen). In time myelofibrosis<br>occurs.",""],["Polycythemia Vera",5425,0.1,"D011087","C15.378.400.200.500",0,"Description: A myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology,<br>characterized by abnormal proliferation of all hematopoietic bone<br>marrow elements and an absolute increase in red cell mass and<br>total blood volume, associated frequently with splenomegaly,<br>leukocytosis, and thrombocythemia. Hematopoiesis is also reactive<br>in extramedullary sites (liver and spleen). In time myelofibrosis<br>occurs.",""],["Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum",1687,0.0,"D011561","C15.378.463.515.530",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of connective tissue with<br>extensive degeneration and calcification of ELASTIC TISSUE<br>primarily in the skin, eye, and vasculature. At least two forms<br>exist, autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. This disorder<br>is caused by mutations of one of the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE<br>TRANSPORTERS. Patients are predisposed to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Hypereosinophilic Syndrome",4936,0.1,"D017681","C15.378.553.231.549",1,"Description: A heterogeneous group of disorders with the common<br>feature of prolonged eosinophilia of unknown cause and associated<br>organ system dysfunction, including the heart, central nervous<br>system, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. There<br>is a massive increase in the number of EOSINOPHILS in the blood,<br>mimicking leukemia, and extensive eosinophilic infiltration of<br>the various organs.",""],["Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic",245,0.0,"D011694","C15.378.100.802.250",0,"Description: Purplish or brownish red discoloration of the skin<br>associated with increase in circulating polyclonal globulins,<br>usually GAMMA-GLOBULINS. This syndrome often occurs on the legs<br>of women aged 20 to 40 years.",""],["Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic",245,0.0,"D011694","C15.378.463.515.550",0,"Description: Purplish or brownish red discoloration of the skin<br>associated with increase in circulating polyclonal globulins,<br>usually GAMMA-GLOBULINS. This syndrome often occurs on the legs<br>of women aged 20 to 40 years.",""],["IgA Vasculitis",4734,0.1,"D011695","C15.378.100.802.375",0,"Description: A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing<br>IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body,<br>including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical<br>symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL<br>HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in<br>children after acute upper respiratory infections.",""],["IgA Vasculitis",4734,0.1,"D011695","C15.378.463.515.580",0,"Description: A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing<br>IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body,<br>including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical<br>symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL<br>HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in<br>children after acute upper respiratory infections.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic",17936,0.3,"D011696","C15.378.100.802.687",2,"Description: Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is<br>decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological<br>mechanisms.",""],["Scurvy",1996,0.0,"D012614","C15.378.463.515.800",0,"Description: An acquired blood vessel disorder caused by severe<br>deficiency of vitamin C (ASCORBIC ACID) in the diet leading to<br>defective collagen formation in small blood vessels. Scurvy is<br>characterized by bleeding in any tissue, weakness, ANEMIA, spongy<br>gums, and a brawny induration of the muscles of the calves and<br>legs.",""],["Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome",70,0.0,"D012618","C15.604.250.410.800",0,"Description: A congenital disease caused by an inborn error<br>involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID METABOLISM<br>and the accumulation of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, particularly<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in the HISTIOCYTES. This disorder is characterized<br>by SPLENOMEGALY and the sea-blue histiocytes in the spleen and<br>bone marrow after May Grunwald staining.",""],["Shwartzman Phenomenon",805,0.0,"D012790","C15.378.463.515.810",0,"Description: Hemorrhagic necrosis that was first demonstrated in<br>rabbits with a two-step reaction, an initial local (intradermal)<br>or general (intravenous) injection of a priming endotoxin<br>(ENDOTOXINS) followed by a second intravenous endotoxin injection<br>(provoking agent) 24 h later. The acute inflammation damages the<br>small blood vessels. The following intravascular coagulation<br>leads to capillary and venous THROMBOSIS and NECROSIS. Shwartzman<br>phenomenon can also occur in other species with a single<br>injection of a provoking agent, and during infections or<br>pregnancy. Its susceptibility depends on the status of IMMUNE<br>SYSTEM, coagulation, FIBRINOLYSIS, and blood flow.",""],["Sickle Cell Trait",1849,0.0,"D012805","C15.378.420.155.668",0,"Description: The condition of being heterozygous for hemoglobin<br>S.",""],["Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic",3444,0.1,"D013683","C15.378.463.515.900",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant vascular anomaly characterized<br>by telangiectases of the skin and mucous membranes and by<br>recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. This disorder is caused by<br>mutations of a gene (on chromosome 9q3) which encodes endoglin, a<br>membrane glycoprotein that binds TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA.",""],["Thrombasthenia",846,0.0,"D013915","C15.378.100.100.820",0,"Description: A congenital bleeding disorder with prolonged<br>bleeding time, absence of aggregation of platelets in response to<br>most agents, especially ADP, and impaired or absent clot<br>retraction. Platelet membranes are deficient in or have a defect<br>in the glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex (PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN<br>GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX).",""],["Thrombocythemia, Essential",3114,0.0,"D013920","C15.378.140.860.800",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by repeated<br>spontaneous hemorrhages and a remarkable increase in the number<br>of circulating platelets.",""],["Thrombocytosis",5553,0.1,"D013922","C15.378.190.636.860",1,"Description: Increased numbers of platelets in the peripheral<br>blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Uveoparotid Fever",84,0.0,"D014608","C15.604.515.827.865",0,"Description: A manifestation of sarcoidosis marked by chronic<br>inflammation of the parotid gland and the uvea.",""],["von Willebrand Diseases",5481,0.1,"D014842","C15.378.100.100.900",3,"Description: Group of hemorrhagic disorders in which the VON<br>WILLEBRAND FACTOR is either quantitatively or qualitatively<br>abnormal. They are usually inherited as an autosomal dominant<br>trait though rare kindreds are autosomal recessive. Symptoms vary<br>depending on severity and disease type but may include prolonged<br>bleeding time, deficiency of factor VIII, and impaired platelet<br>adhesion.",""],["von Willebrand Diseases",5481,0.1,"D014842","C15.378.100.141.900",3,"Description: Group of hemorrhagic disorders in which the VON<br>WILLEBRAND FACTOR is either quantitatively or qualitatively<br>abnormal. They are usually inherited as an autosomal dominant<br>trait though rare kindreds are autosomal recessive. Symptoms vary<br>depending on severity and disease type but may include prolonged<br>bleeding time, deficiency of factor VIII, and impaired platelet<br>adhesion.",""],["Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome",403,0.0,"D014884","C15.378.100.802.843",0,"Description: A condition of HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS of the<br>ADRENAL GLAND. It is characterized by rapidly developing ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTENSION; and widespread cutaneous PURPURA.",""],["Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome",1182,0.0,"D014923","C15.378.100.100.970",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by ECZEMA; LYMPHOPENIA; and, recurrent pyogenic<br>infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically,<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels are low and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular<br>malignancies are common.",""],["Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile",1012,0.0,"D014972","C15.604.250.410.900",0,"Description: Benign disorder of infants and children caused by<br>proliferation of HISTIOCYTES, macrophages found in tissues. These<br>histiocytes, usually lipid-laden non-Langerhans cells, form<br>multiple yellow-red nodules most often in the skin, the eye, and<br>sometimes in the viscera. Patients appear to have normal lipid<br>metabolism and are classified as a normolipemic non-Langerhans<br>cell histiocytosis.",""],["alpha-Thalassemia",4053,0.1,"D017085","C15.378.420.826.100",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the<br>alpha chains of hemoglobin. The severity of this condition can<br>vary from mild anemia to death, depending on the number of genes<br>deleted.",""],["Churg-Strauss Syndrome",2273,0.0,"D015267","C15.604.515.292.015",0,"Description: Widespread necrotizing angiitis with granulomas.<br>Pulmonary involvement is frequent. Asthma or other respiratory<br>infection may precede evidence of vasculitis. Eosinophilia and<br>lung involvement differentiate this disease from POLYARTERITIS<br>NODOSA.",""],["Leukemia, B-Cell",19687,0.3,"D015448","C15.604.515.560.080",2,"Description: A malignant disease of the B-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone<br>marrow and/or blood.",""],["Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma",31975,0.5,"D054198","C15.604.515.560.600",2,"Description: A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the<br>lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the<br>marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children<br>and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.",""],["Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute",372,0.0,"D015456","C15.604.515.560.100",0,"Description: An acute leukemia exhibiting cell features<br>characteristic of both the myeloid and lymphoid lineages and<br>probably arising from MULTIPOTENT STEM CELLS.",""],["Leukemia, T-Cell",6923,0.1,"D015458","C15.604.515.560.575",3,"Description: A malignant disease of the T-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone<br>marrow, thymus, and/or blood.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic",787,0.0,"D015463","C15.604.515.560.550",2,"Description: A chronic leukemia characterized by a large number<br>of circulating prolymphocytes. It can arise spontaneously or as a<br>consequence of transformation of CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA.",""],["Leukemia, Neutrophilic, Chronic",261,0.0,"D015467","C15.378.190.636.380",0,"Description: A rare myeloproliferative disorder that is<br>characterized by a sustained, mature neutrophilic leukocytosis.<br>No monocytosis, EOSINOPHILIA, or basophilia is present, nor is<br>there a PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME or bcr-abl fusion gene (GENES,<br>ABL).",""],["Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic",1478,0.0,"D015477","C15.378.190.615.510",0,"Description: A myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative disease<br>characterized by monocytosis, increased monocytes in the bone<br>marrow, variable degrees of dysplasia, but an absence of immature<br>granulocytes in the blood.",""],["Histiocytosis, Sinus",1473,0.0,"D015618","C15.604.250.410.450",0,"Description: Benign, non-Langerhans-cell, histiocytic<br>proliferative disorder that primarily affects the lymph nodes. It<br>is often referred to as sinus histiocytosis with massive<br>lymphadenopathy.",""],["Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome",306,0.0,"D016603","C15.378.553.231.335",0,"Description: A complex systemic syndrome with inflammatory and<br>autoimmune components that affect the skin, fascia, muscle,<br>nerve, blood vessels, lung, and heart. Diagnostic features<br>generally include EOSINOPHILIA, myalgia severe enough to limit<br>usual activities of daily living, and the absence of coexisting<br>infectious, autoimmune or other conditions that may induce<br>eosinophilia. Biopsy of affected tissue reveals a microangiopathy<br>associated with diffuse inflammation involving connective tissue.<br>(From Spitzer et al., J Rheumatol Suppl 1996 Oct;46:73-9;<br>Blackburn WD, Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997 Jun;26(6):788-93)",""],["POEMS Syndrome",1203,0.0,"D016878","C15.378.147.780.750",0,"Description: A multisystemic disorder characterized by a<br>sensorimotor polyneuropathy (POLYNEUROPATHIES), organomegaly,<br>endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and pigmentary skin<br>changes. Other clinical features which may be present include<br>EDEMA; CACHEXIA; microangiopathic glomerulopathy; pulmonary<br>hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY); cutaneous necrosis;<br>THROMBOCYTOSIS; and POLYCYTHEMIA. This disorder is frequently<br>associated with osteosclerotic myeloma. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1335; Rev Med Interne<br>1997;18(7):553-62)",""],["beta-Thalassemia",9802,0.2,"D017086","C15.378.420.826.150",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the<br>beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A<br>synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is<br>asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major,<br>Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia),<br>which can result in severe complications and even death,<br>hemoglobin A synthesis is absent.",""],["IgA Deficiency",1250,0.0,"D017098","C15.378.147.333.500",0,"Description: A dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by a deficiency<br>of IMMUNOGLOBULIN A.",""],["IgG Deficiency",567,0.0,"D017099","C15.378.147.333.750",0,"Description: A dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by a deficiency<br>of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G.",""],["Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary",3285,0.1,"D017565","C15.604.515.827.725",0,"Description: Sarcoidosis affecting predominantly the lungs, the<br>site most frequently involved and most commonly causing morbidity<br>and mortality in sarcoidosis. Pulmonary sarcoidosis is<br>characterized by sharply circumscribed granulomas in the<br>alveolar, bronchial, and vascular walls, composed of tightly<br>packed cells derived from the mononuclear phagocyte system. The<br>clinical symptoms when present are dyspnea upon exertion,<br>nonproductive cough, and wheezing. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine,<br>19th ed, p431)",""],["Splenosis",511,0.0,"D017890","C15.604.744.742.500",0,"Description: The spontaneous transplantation of splenic tissue to<br>unusual sites after open splenic trauma, e.g., after automobile<br>accidents, gunshot or stab wounds. The splenic pulp implants<br>appear as red-blue nodules on the peritoneum, omentum, and<br>mesentery, morphologically similar to multifocal pelvic<br>endometriosis. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Lymphangioleiomyomatosis",1433,0.0,"D018192","C15.604.515.562.465",0,"Description: A disease characterized by the progressive invasion<br>of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS into the LYMPHATIC VESSELS, and the BLOOD<br>VESSELS. The majority of the cases occur in the LUNGS of women of<br>child-bearing age, eventually blocking the flow of air, blood,<br>and lymph. The common symptom is shortness of breath (DYSPNEA).",""],["Anemia, Iron-Deficiency",10067,0.2,"D018798","C15.378.071.196.300",0,"Description: Anemia characterized by decreased or absent iron<br>stores, low serum iron concentration, low transferrin saturation,<br>and low hemoglobin concentration or hematocrit value. The<br>erythrocytes are hypochromic and microcytic and the iron binding<br>capacity is increased.",""],["Activated Protein C Resistance",677,0.0,"D020016","C15.378.100.100.037",0,"Description: A hemostatic disorder characterized by a poor<br>anticoagulant response to activated protein C (APC). The<br>activated form of Factor V (Factor Va) is more slowly degraded by<br>activated protein C. Factor V Leiden mutation (R506Q) is the most<br>common cause of APC resistance.",""],["Activated Protein C Resistance",677,0.0,"D020016","C15.378.100.141.036",0,"Description: A hemostatic disorder characterized by a poor<br>anticoagulant response to activated protein C (APC). The<br>activated form of Factor V (Factor Va) is more slowly degraded by<br>activated protein C. Factor V Leiden mutation (R506Q) is the most<br>common cause of APC resistance.",""],["Protein C Deficiency",1115,0.0,"D020151","C15.378.100.100.690",0,"Description: An absence or deficiency in PROTEIN C which leads to<br>impaired regulation of blood coagulation. It is associated with<br>an increased risk of severe or premature thrombosis. (Stedman's<br>Med. Dict., 26th ed.)",""],["Antithrombin III Deficiency",866,0.0,"D020152","C15.378.100.100.075",0,"Description: An absence or reduced level of Antithrombin III<br>leading to an increased risk for thrombosis.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C15.378.100.100.515",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C15.378.100.685.400",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C15.378.140.735.400",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C15.378.463.735.400",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan",523,0.0,"D029503","C15.378.071.750.500",0,"Description: A rare congenital hypoplastic anemia that usually<br>presents early in infancy. The disease is characterized by a<br>moderate to severe macrocytic anemia, occasional neutropenia or<br>thrombocytosis, a normocellular bone marrow with erythroid<br>hypoplasia, and an increased risk of developing leukemia. (Curr<br>Opin Hematol 2000 Mar;7(2):85-94)",""],["Erdheim-Chester Disease",925,0.0,"D031249","C15.604.250.410.224",0,"Description: A rare form of non-Langerhans-cell histiocytosis<br>(HISTIOCYTOSIS, NON-LANGERHANS-CELL) with onset in middle age.<br>The systemic disease is characterized by infiltration of lipid-<br>laden macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, an inflammatory<br>infiltrate of lymphocytes and histiocytes in the bone marrow, and<br>a generalized sclerosis of the long bones.",""],["Hypoalbuminemia",958,0.0,"D034141","C15.378.147.607.500",0,"Description: A condition in which albumin level in blood (SERUM<br>ALBUMIN) is below the normal range. Hypoalbuminemia may be due to<br>decreased hepatic albumin synthesis, increased albumin<br>catabolism, altered albumin distribution, or albumin loss through<br>the urine (ALBUMINURIA).",""],["Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic",4212,0.1,"D051359","C15.604.250.410.575",0,"Description: A group of related disorders characterized by<br>LYMPHOCYTOSIS; HISTIOCYTOSIS; and hemophagocytosis. The two major<br>forms are familial and reactive.",""],["Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome",249,0.0,"D053306","C15.378.147.333.249",1,"Description: A rare inherited immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by normal or elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels<br>with absence of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E. It results in a profound susceptibility to<br>BACTERIAL INFECTIONS and an increased susceptibility to<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS. Several subtypes of hyper-IgM<br>immunodeficiency syndrome exist depending upon the location of<br>genetic mutation.",""],["Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency",228,0.0,"D054078","C15.378.147.542.319",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in<br>the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutations cholesterol<br>biosynthesis is disrupted and MEVALONIC ACID accumulates. It is<br>characterized by a range of symptoms, including dysmorphic<br>FACIES, psychomotor retardation, CATARACT, hepatosplenomegaly,<br>CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, elevated IMMUNOGLOBULIN D, and recurrent<br>febrile crises with FEVER; LYMPHADENOPATHY; ARTHRALGIA; EDEMA;<br>and rash.",""],["Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune",485,0.0,"D054098","C15.378.140.855.850",0,"Description: A condition in newborns caused by immunity of the<br>mother to PLATELET ALLOANTIGENS on the fetal platelets. The<br>PLATELETS, coated with maternal ANTIBODIES, are destroyed and<br>removed by the fetal MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. Affected<br>infants may have INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES.",""],["Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile",445,0.0,"D054429","C15.378.190.615.520",0,"Description: A leukemia affecting young children characterized by<br>SPLENOMEGALY, enlarged lymph nodes, rashes, and hemorrhages.<br>Traditionally classed as a myeloproliferative disease, it is now<br>considered a mixed myeloproliferative-mylelodysplastic disorder.",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative",444,0.0,"D054438","C15.378.190.615.500",0,"Description: A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disorder<br>characterized by myelodysplasia associated with bone marrow and<br>peripheral blood patterns similar to CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA,<br>but cytogenetically lacking a PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME or bcr/abl<br>fusion gene (GENES, ABL).",""],["Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Interdigitating",89,0.0,"D054739","C15.604.250.390.199",0,"Description: A rare sarcoma of INTERDIGITATING CELLS found in the<br>lymph nodes and non-lymphoid organs. They exhibit a variable<br>immunophenotype and lack Birbeck granules.",""],["Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular",311,0.0,"D054740","C15.604.250.390.190",0,"Description: Sarcoma of FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS most often<br>found in the lymph nodes. This rare neoplasm occurs predominately<br>in adults.",""],["Histiocytic Sarcoma",918,0.0,"D054747","C15.604.250.390.380",0,"Description: Malignant neoplasms composed of MACROPHAGES or<br>DENDRITIC CELLS. Most histiocytic sarcomas present as localized<br>tumor masses without a leukemic phase. Though the biological<br>behavior of these neoplasms resemble lymphomas, their cell<br>lineage is histiocytic not lymphoid.",""],["Langerhans Cell Sarcoma",92,0.0,"D054752","C15.604.250.390.500",0,"Description: Rare malignant neoplasm of dendritic LANGERHANS<br>CELLS exhibiting atypical cytology, frequent mitoses, and<br>aggressive clinical behavior. They can be distinguished from<br>other histiocytic and dendritic proliferations by<br>immunohistochemical and ultrastructure studies. Cytologically<br>benign proliferations of Langerhans cells are called LANGERHANS<br>CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS.",""],["Jacobsen Distal 11q Deletion Syndrome",93,0.0,"D054868","C15.378.140.855.440",0,"Description: A clinically recognized congenital malformation<br>condition caused by a distal 11q deletion. The features of the<br>syndrome are growth retardation, psychomotor retardation,<br>trigonocephaly, divergent intermittent strabismus, epicanthus,<br>telecanthus, broad nasal bridge, short nose with anteverted<br>nostrils, carp-shaped upper lip, retrognathia, low-set dysmorphic<br>ears, bilateral camptodactyly, and hammertoes. Platelet<br>dysfunction is a feature in Paris-Trousseau type<br>thrombocytopenia.",""],["delta-Thalassemia",56,0.0,"D055538","C15.378.420.826.200",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by reduced or<br>absent DELTA-GLOBIN thus effecting the level of HEMOGLOBIN A2, a<br>minor component of adult hemoglobin monitored in the diagnosis of<br>BETA-THALASSEMIA.",""],["Purpura Fulminans",338,0.0,"D055665","C15.378.100.802.230",0,"Description: A severe, rapidly fatal reaction occurring most<br>commonly in children following an infectious illness. It is<br>characterized by large, rapidly spreading skin hemorrhages,<br>fever, or shock. Purpura fulminans often accompanies or is<br>triggered by DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.",""],["Primary Myelofibrosis",6071,0.1,"D055728","C15.378.190.636.765",0,"Description: A de novo myeloproliferation arising from an<br>abnormal stem cell. It is characterized by the replacement of<br>bone marrow by fibrous tissue, a process that is mediated by<br>CYTOKINES arising from the abnormal clone.",""],["Acute Chest Syndrome",307,0.0,"D056586","C15.378.420.155.219",0,"Description: Respiratory syndrome characterized by the appearance<br>of a new pulmonary infiltrate on chest x-ray, accompanied by<br>symptoms of fever, cough, chest pain, tachypnea, or DYSPNEA,<br>often seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA. Multiple factors<br>(e.g., infection, and pulmonary FAT EMBOLISM) may contribute to<br>the development of the syndrome.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 1",138,0.0,"D056725","C15.378.463.920.100",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from a partial deficiency of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 2",228,0.0,"D056728","C15.378.463.920.200",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from qualitative deficiencies of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR. The<br>subtype is divided into several variants with each variant having<br>a distinctive pattern of PLATELET-interaction.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 3",94,0.0,"D056729","C15.378.463.920.300",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from a total or near total deficiency of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.",""],["Eosinophilic Esophagitis",2578,0.0,"D057765","C15.378.553.231.341",0,"Description: Chronic ESOPHAGITIS characterized by esophageal<br>mucosal EOSINOPHILIA. It is diagnosed when an increase in<br>EOSINOPHILS are present over the entire esophagus. The reflux<br>symptoms fail to respond to PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS treatment,<br>unlike in GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE. The symptoms are<br>associated with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to food or inhalant<br>allergens.",""],["Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma",134,0.0,"D058252","C15.604.515.292.507",0,"Description: A cutaneous necrobiotic disorder characterized by<br>firm, yellow plaques or nodules, often in a periorbital<br>distribution. It is often accompanied by an elevated ERYTHROCYTE<br>SEDIMENTATION RATE; LEUKOPENIA; and MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY (IgG-<br>kappa type) and systemic involvement.",""],["Composite Lymphoma",72,0.0,"D058617","C15.604.515.569.150",0,"Description: Two or more distinct types of malignant lymphoid<br>tumors occurring within a single organ or tissue at the same<br>time. It may contain different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma<br>cells or both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells.",""],["Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome",345,0.0,"D059885","C15.378.140.855.645",0,"Description: Rapidly growing vascular lesion along the midline<br>axis of the neck, upper trunk, and extremities that is<br>characterized by CONSUMPTION COAGULOPATHY; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and<br>HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA. It is often associated with infantile<br>Kaposiform HEMANGIOENDOTHELIOMA and other vascular tumors such as<br>tufted ANGIOMA.",""],["Intraocular Lymphoma",153,0.0,"D064090","C15.604.515.569.417",0,"Description: A form of malignant cancer which occurs within the<br>eyeball.",""],["Lymphoma",185735,3.0,"D008223","C15.604.515.569",25,"Description: A general term for various neoplastic diseases of<br>the lymphoid tissue.",""],["Breast Cancer Lymphedema",347,0.0,"D000072656","C15.604.496.160",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of lymph in the arm, shoulder<br>and breast area associated with surgical treatment (e.g.,<br>MASTECTOMY) or radiation treatment of breast cancer.",""],["Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury",122,0.0,"D000073617","C15.378.962.500",0,"Description: A rare but serious transfusion-related reaction in<br>which fluid builds up in the lungs unrelated to excessively high<br>infusion rate and/or volume (TRANSFUSION-ASSOCIATED CIRCULATORY<br>OVERLOAD). Signs of Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury include<br>pulmonary secretions; hypotension; fever; DYSPNEA; TACHYPNEA;<br>TACHYCARDIA; and CYANOSIS.",""],["Hypergammaglobulinemia",4060,0.1,"D006942","C15.378.147.542",3,"Description: An excess of GAMMA-GLOBULINS in the serum due to<br>chronic infections or PARAPROTEINEMIAS.",""],["Paraproteinemias",57433,0.9,"D010265","C15.378.147.780",8,"Description: A group of related diseases characterized by an<br>unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation of immunoglobulin-<br>producing cells, usually from a single clone. These cells<br>frequently secrete a structurally homogeneous immunoglobulin<br>(M-component) and/or an abnormal immunoglobulin.",""],["Myelodysplastic Syndromes",22978,0.4,"D009190","C15.378.190.625",5,"Description: Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders<br>characterized by dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell<br>lineages. They predominantly affect patients over 60, are<br>considered preleukemic conditions, and have high probability of<br>transformation into ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.",""],["Bone Marrow Failure Disorders",15833,0.3,"D000080983","C15.378.190.223",7,"Description: Inherited or acquired diseases characterized by<br>insufficient and/or dysplastic blood cells.",""],["Eosinophilia",24014,0.4,"D004802","C15.378.553.231",7,"Description: Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood,<br>tissues or organs.",""],["Kimura Disease",58,0.0,"D000082242","C15.604.315.459",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory disease characterized by<br>benign enlargement of cervical LYMPH NODE and SALIVARY GLANDS<br>with increased levels of IMMUNOGLOBULIN E. Unlike ANGIOLYMPHOID<br>HYPERPLASIA WITH EOSINOPHILIA it involves eosinophil infiltrates<br>in lymph node and salivary glands and mostly found in Asian<br>males.",""],["Thromboinflammation",17,0.0,"D000090882","C15.378.100.876",0,"Description: Thrombosis with associated inflammation due to<br>crosstalk between HEMOSTASIS and INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSES<br>modulated by PLATELETS. It is associated with many diseases such<br>as COVID-19; SICKLE CELL ANEMIA; and THROMBOPHLEBITIS.",""],["Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited",42687,0.7,"D025861","C15.378.100.100",21,"Description: Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a<br>consequence of inherited abnormalities in blood coagulation.",""],["Coagulation Protein Disorders",37536,0.6,"D020147","C15.378.100.141",15,"Description: Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders resulting from<br>abnormalities or deficiencies of coagulation proteins.",""],["Afibrinogenemia",2122,0.0,"D000347","C15.378.463.067",0,"Description: A deficiency or absence of FIBRINOGEN in the blood.",""],["Agammaglobulinemia",4945,0.1,"D000361","C15.378.147.142",0,"Description: An immunologic deficiency state characterized by an<br>extremely low level of generally all classes of gamma-globulin in<br>the blood.",""],["Agammaglobulinemia",4945,0.1,"D000361","C15.604.515.032",0,"Description: An immunologic deficiency state characterized by an<br>extremely low level of generally all classes of gamma-globulin in<br>the blood.",""],["Leukopenia",25600,0.4,"D007970","C15.378.553.546",7,"Description: A decrease in the number of LEUKOCYTES in a blood<br>sample below the normal range (LEUKOCYTE COUNT less than 4000).",""],["Anemia, Aplastic",14901,0.2,"D000741","C15.378.071.085",3,"Description: A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to<br>produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.",""],["Anemia, Hemolytic",81242,1.3,"D000743","C15.378.071.141",21,"Description: A condition of inadequate circulating red blood<br>cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature<br>destruction of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES).",""],["Anemia, Hypochromic",16646,0.3,"D000747","C15.378.071.196",1,"Description: Anemia characterized by a decrease in the ratio of<br>the weight of hemoglobin to the volume of the erythrocyte, i.e.,<br>the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is less than<br>normal. The individual cells contain less hemoglobin than they<br>could have under optimal conditions. Hypochromic anemia may be<br>caused by iron deficiency from a low iron intake, diminished iron<br>absorption, or excessive iron loss. It can also be caused by<br>infections or other diseases, therapeutic drugs, lead poisoning,<br>and other conditions. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Miale, Laboratory<br>Medicine: Hematology, 6th ed, p393)",""],["Anemia, Macrocytic",8338,0.1,"D000748","C15.378.071.252",2,"Description: Anemia characterized by larger than normal<br>erythrocytes, increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and<br>increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH).",""],["Anemia, Myelophthisic",476,0.0,"D000750","C15.378.071.307",0,"Description: Anemia characterized by appearance of immature<br>myeloid and nucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood,<br>resulting from infiltration of the bone marrow by foreign or<br>abnormal tissue.",""],["Myeloproliferative Disorders",49731,0.8,"D009196","C15.378.190.636",12,"Description: Conditions which cause proliferation of<br>hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic<br>hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of<br>multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a<br>mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE.",""],["Anemia, Neonatal",3627,0.1,"D000751","C15.378.071.363",2,"Description: The mildest form of erythroblastosis fetalis in<br>which anemia is the chief manifestation.",""],["Anemia, Refractory",1291,0.0,"D000753","C15.378.071.400",1,"Description: A severe sometimes chronic anemia, usually<br>macrocytic in type, that does not respond to ordinary antianemic<br>therapy.",""],["Anemia, Sickle Cell",24927,0.4,"D000755","C15.378.420.155",3,"Description: A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia,<br>episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many<br>organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for<br>hemoglobin S.",""],["Anemia, Sideroblastic",1601,0.0,"D000756","C15.378.071.419",0,"Description: Anemia characterized by the presence of<br>erythroblasts containing excessive deposits of iron in the<br>marrow.",""],["Granuloma",19366,0.3,"D006099","C15.604.515.292",3,"Description: A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion<br>containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious<br>and noninfectious agents.",""],["Bernard-Soulier Syndrome",378,0.0,"D001606","C15.378.140.120",0,"Description: A familial coagulation disorder characterized by a<br>prolonged bleeding time, unusually large platelets, and impaired<br>prothrombin consumption.",""],["Bernard-Soulier Syndrome",378,0.0,"D001606","C15.378.463.080",0,"Description: A familial coagulation disorder characterized by a<br>prolonged bleeding time, unusually large platelets, and impaired<br>prothrombin consumption.",""],["Cat-Scratch Disease",2160,0.0,"D002372","C15.604.315.249",0,"Description: A self-limiting bacterial infection of the regional<br>lymph nodes caused by AFIPIA felis, a gram-negative bacterium<br>recently identified by the Centers for Disease Control and<br>Prevention and by BARTONELLA HENSELAE. It usually arises one or<br>more weeks following a feline scratch, with raised inflammatory<br>nodules at the site of the scratch being the primary symptom.",""],["Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction",4842,0.1,"D010585","C15.378.553.774",3,"Description: Disorders in which phagocytic cells cannot kill<br>ingested bacteria; characterized by frequent recurring infection<br>with formulation of granulomas.",""],["Hemophilia B",3880,0.1,"D002836","C15.378.463.510",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation factor IX<br>inherited as an X-linked disorder. (Also known as Christmas<br>Disease, after the first patient studied in detail, not the holy<br>day.) Historical and clinical features resemble those in classic<br>hemophilia (HEMOPHILIA A), but patients present with fewer<br>symptoms. Severity of bleeding is usually similar in members of a<br>single family. Many patients are asymptomatic until the<br>hemostatic system is stressed by surgery or trauma. Treatment is<br>similar to that for hemophilia A. (From Cecil Textbook of<br>Medicine, 19th ed, p1008)",""],["Hemostatic Disorders",73724,1.2,"D020141","C15.378.463.515",12,"Description: Pathological processes involving the integrity of<br>blood circulation. Hemostasis depends on the integrity of BLOOD<br>VESSELS, blood fluidity, and BLOOD COAGULATION. Majority of the<br>hemostatic disorders are caused by disruption of the normal<br>interaction between the VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM, the plasma proteins<br>(including BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS), and PLATELETS.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.0,"D058165","C15.604.451.249",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation",7625,0.1,"D004211","C15.378.100.220",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances<br>entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic<br>process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from<br>any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest<br>skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS.",""],["Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation",7625,0.1,"D004211","C15.378.463.250",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances<br>entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic<br>process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from<br>any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest<br>skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS.",""],["Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation",7625,0.1,"D004211","C15.378.925.220",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances<br>entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic<br>process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from<br>any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest<br>skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS.",""],["Dysgammaglobulinemia",3165,0.1,"D004406","C15.378.147.333",4,"Description: An immunologic deficiency state characterized by<br>selective deficiencies of one or more, but not all, classes of<br>immunoglobulins.",""],["Ecchymosis",783,0.0,"D004438","C15.378.100.452",0,"Description: Extravasation of blood into the skin, resulting in a<br>nonelevated, rounded or irregular, blue or purplish patch, larger<br>than a petechia.",""],["Elephantiasis",945,0.0,"D004604","C15.604.496.320",0,"Description: Hypertrophy and thickening of tissues from causes<br>other than filarial infection, the latter being described as<br>ELEPHANTIASIS, FILARIAL.",""],["Elephantiasis, Filarial",2875,0.0,"D004605","C15.604.496.490",0,"Description: Parasitic infestation of the human lymphatic system<br>by WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI or BRUGIA MALAYI. It is also called<br>lymphatic filariasis.",""],["Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell",8783,0.1,"D006646","C15.604.250.400",1,"Description: A group of disorders resulting from the abnormal<br>proliferation of and tissue infiltration by LANGERHANS CELLS<br>which can be detected by their characteristic Birbeck granules (X<br>bodies), or by monoclonal antibody staining for their surface CD1<br>ANTIGENS. Langerhans-cell granulomatosis can involve a single<br>organ, or can be a systemic disorder.",""],["Factor V Deficiency",712,0.0,"D005166","C15.378.463.300",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation factor V (known as<br>proaccelerin or accelerator globulin or labile factor) leading to<br>a rare hemorrhagic tendency known as Owren's disease or<br>parahemophilia. It varies greatly in severity. Factor V<br>deficiency is an autosomal recessive trait. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Factor VII Deficiency",971,0.0,"D005168","C15.378.463.310",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive characteristic or a<br>coagulation disorder acquired in association with VITAMIN K<br>DEFICIENCY. FACTOR VII is a Vitamin K dependent glycoprotein<br>essential to the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.",""],["Factor X Deficiency",469,0.0,"D005171","C15.378.463.320",0,"Description: Blood coagulation disorder usually inherited as an<br>autosomal recessive trait, though it can be acquired. It is<br>characterized by defective activity in both the intrinsic and<br>extrinsic pathways, impaired thromboplastin time, and impaired<br>prothrombin consumption.",""],["Factor XI Deficiency",647,0.0,"D005173","C15.378.463.325",0,"Description: A hereditary deficiency of blood coagulation factor<br>XI (also known as plasma thromboplastin antecedent or PTA or<br>antihemophilic factor C) resulting in a systemic blood-clotting<br>defect called hemophilia C or Rosenthal's syndrome, that may<br>resemble classical hemophilia.",""],["Factor XII Deficiency",324,0.0,"D005175","C15.378.463.330",0,"Description: An absence or reduced level of blood coagulation<br>factor XII. It normally occurs in the absence of patient or<br>family history of hemorrhagic disorders and is marked by<br>prolonged clotting time.",""],["Factor XIII Deficiency",678,0.0,"D005177","C15.378.463.335",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation FACTOR XIII or<br>fibrin stabilizing factor (FSF) that prevents blood clot<br>formation and results in a clinical hemorrhagic diathesis.",""],["Castleman Disease",3013,0.0,"D005871","C15.604.515.245",0,"Description: Large benign, hyperplastic lymph nodes. The more<br>common hyaline vascular subtype is characterized by small hyaline<br>vascular follicles and interfollicular capillary proliferations.<br>Plasma cells are often present and represent another subtype with<br>the plasma cells containing IgM and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A.",""],["Heavy Chain Disease",869,0.0,"D006362","C15.604.515.435",1,"Description: A disorder of immunoglobulin synthesis in which<br>large quantities of abnormal heavy chains are excreted in the<br>urine. The amino acid sequences of the N-(amino-) terminal<br>regions of these chains are normal, but they have a deletion<br>extending from part of the variable domain through the first<br>domain of the constant region, so that they cannot form cross-<br>links to the light chains. The defect arises through faulty<br>coupling of the variable (V) and constant (C) region genes.",""],["Hemoglobin C Disease",277,0.0,"D006445","C15.378.420.463",0,"Description: A disease characterized by compensated hemolysis<br>with a normal hemoglobin level or a mild to moderate anemia.<br>There may be intermittent abdominal discomfort, splenomegaly, and<br>slight jaundice.",""],["Thrombocytopenia",46760,0.7,"D013921","C15.378.140.855",9,"Description: A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.",""],["Hemophilia A",20395,0.3,"D006467","C15.378.463.500",0,"Description: The classic hemophilia resulting from a deficiency<br>of factor VIII. It is an inherited disorder of blood coagulation<br>characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage.",""],["Vitamin K Deficiency",1658,0.0,"D014813","C15.378.100.920",1,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>VITAMIN K in the diet, characterized by an increased tendency to<br>hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGIC DISORDERS). Such bleeding episodes may be<br>particularly severe in newborn infants. (From Cecil Textbook of<br>Medicine, 19th ed, p1182)",""],["Vitamin K Deficiency",1658,0.0,"D014813","C15.378.463.841",1,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>VITAMIN K in the diet, characterized by an increased tendency to<br>hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGIC DISORDERS). Such bleeding episodes may be<br>particularly severe in newborn infants. (From Cecil Textbook of<br>Medicine, 19th ed, p1182)",""],["Hypersplenism",1671,0.0,"D006971","C15.604.744.293",0,"Description: Condition characterized by splenomegaly, some<br>reduction in the number of circulating blood cells in the<br>presence of a normal or hyperactive bone marrow, and the<br>potential for reversal by splenectomy.",""],["Hypoproteinemia",1915,0.0,"D007019","C15.378.147.607",1,"Description: A condition in which total serum protein level is<br>below the normal range. Hypoproteinemia can be caused by protein<br>malabsorption in the gastrointestinal tract, EDEMA, or<br>PROTEINURIA.",""],["Hypoprothrombinemias",951,0.0,"D007020","C15.378.463.550",0,"Description: Absence or reduced levels of PROTHROMBIN in the<br>blood.",""],["Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy",1172,0.0,"D007119","C15.604.338.500",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by proliferation of<br>arborizing small vessels, prominent immunoblastic proliferations<br>and amorphous acidophilic interstitial material. Clinical<br>manifestations include fever, sweats, weight loss, generalized<br>lymphadenopathy and frequently hepatosplenomegaly.",""],["Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy",1172,0.0,"D007119","C15.604.515.509",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by proliferation of<br>arborizing small vessels, prominent immunoblastic proliferations<br>and amorphous acidophilic interstitial material. Clinical<br>manifestations include fever, sweats, weight loss, generalized<br>lymphadenopathy and frequently hepatosplenomegaly.",""],["Infectious Mononucleosis",6053,0.1,"D007244","C15.378.553.381",0,"Description: A common, acute infection usually caused by the<br>Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN). There is an increase<br>in mononuclear white blood cells and other atypical lymphocytes,<br>generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and occasionally<br>hepatomegaly with hepatitis.",""],["Infectious Mononucleosis",6053,0.1,"D007244","C15.604.515.516",0,"Description: A common, acute infection usually caused by the<br>Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN). There is an increase<br>in mononuclear white blood cells and other atypical lymphocytes,<br>generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and occasionally<br>hepatomegaly with hepatitis.",""],["Kernicterus",1034,0.0,"D007647","C15.378.295.502",0,"Description: A term used pathologically to describe BILIRUBIN<br>staining of the BASAL GANGLIA; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM and<br>clinically to describe a syndrome associated with<br>HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Clinical features include athetosis, MUSCLE<br>SPASTICITY or hypotonia, impaired vertical gaze, and DEAFNESS.<br>Nonconjugated bilirubin enters the brain and acts as a<br>neurotoxin, often in association with conditions that impair the<br>BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER (e.g., SEPSIS). This condition occurs<br>primarily in neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN), but may rarely occur in<br>adults. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p613)",""],["Leukemia, Hairy Cell",4024,0.1,"D007943","C15.604.515.553",0,"Description: A neoplastic disease of the lymphoreticular cells<br>which is considered to be a rare type of chronic leukemia; it is<br>characterized by an insidious onset, splenomegaly, anemia,<br>granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, little or no lymphadenopathy,<br>and the presence of \"hairy\" or \"flagellated\" cells in the blood<br>and bone marrow.",""],["Leukemia, Lymphoid",75018,1.2,"D007945","C15.604.515.560",14,"Description: Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid<br>tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant<br>LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.",""],["Leukocytosis",5877,0.1,"D007964","C15.378.553.475",2,"Description: A transient increase in the number of leukocytes in<br>a body fluid.",""],["Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal",595,0.0,"D008201","C15.604.360.500",0,"Description: Dilatation of the intestinal lymphatic system<br>usually caused by an obstruction in the intestinal wall. It may<br>be congenital or acquired and is characterized by DIARRHEA;<br>HYPOPROTEINEMIA; peripheral and/or abdominal EDEMA; and PROTEIN-<br>LOSING ENTEROPATHIES.",""],["Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal",595,0.0,"D008201","C15.604.451.500",0,"Description: Dilatation of the intestinal lymphatic system<br>usually caused by an obstruction in the intestinal wall. It may<br>be congenital or acquired and is characterized by DIARRHEA;<br>HYPOPROTEINEMIA; peripheral and/or abdominal EDEMA; and PROTEIN-<br>LOSING ENTEROPATHIES.",""],["Lymphangiomyoma",1713,0.0,"D008203","C15.604.515.562",1,"Description: A tumorlike condition characterized by SMOOTH MUSCLE<br>and ENDOTHELIUM proliferation of LYMPHATIC VESSELS and LYMPH<br>NODES in the MEDIASTINUM and retroperitoneum, also in the lung.<br>It may be manifested by chylous PLEURAL EFFUSION and ASCITES.",""],["Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia",4668,0.1,"D008258","C15.604.515.925",0,"Description: A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by<br>pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased<br>levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is<br>lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often<br>other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical<br>features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.",""],["Marek Disease",1618,0.0,"D008380","C15.604.515.700",0,"Description: A transmissible viral disease of birds caused by<br>avian herpesvirus 2 (HERPESVIRUS 2, GALLID) and other MARDIVIRUS.<br>There is lymphoid cell infiltration or lymphomatous tumor<br>formation in the peripheral nerves and gonads, but may also<br>involve visceral organs, skin, muscle, and the eye.",""],["Mesenteric Lymphadenitis",544,0.0,"D008640","C15.604.315.618",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of LYMPH NODES in the MESENTERY.",""],["Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell",12220,0.2,"D015616","C15.604.250.410",9,"Description: Group of disorders which feature accumulations of<br>active HISTIOCYTES and LYMPHOCYTES, but where the histiocytes are<br>not LANGERHANS CELLS. The group includes HEMOPHAGOCYTIC<br>LYMPHOHISTIOCYTOSIS; SINUS HISTIOCYTOSIS; xanthogranuloma;<br>reticulohistiocytoma; JUVENILE XANTHOGRANULOMA; xanthoma<br>disseminatum; as well as the lipid storage diseases (SEA-BLUE<br>HISTIOCYTE SYNDROME; and NIEMANN-PICK DISEASES).",""],["Pelger-Huet Anomaly",344,0.0,"D010381","C15.378.553.696",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant anomaly characterized by abnormal<br>ovoid shape GRANULOCYTE nuclei and their clumping chromatin.<br>Mutations in the LAMIN B receptor gene that results in reduced<br>protein levels are associated with the disorder. Heterozygote<br>individuals are healthy with normal granulocyte function while<br>homozygote individuals occasionally have skeletal anomalies,<br>developmental delay, and seizures.",""],["Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency",560,0.0,"D010981","C15.378.100.685",1,"Description: Disorder characterized by a decrease or lack of<br>platelet dense bodies in which the releasable pool of adenine<br>nucleotides and 5HT are normally stored.",""],["Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency",560,0.0,"D010981","C15.378.140.735",1,"Description: Disorder characterized by a decrease or lack of<br>platelet dense bodies in which the releasable pool of adenine<br>nucleotides and 5HT are normally stored.",""],["Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency",560,0.0,"D010981","C15.378.463.735",1,"Description: Disorder characterized by a decrease or lack of<br>platelet dense bodies in which the releasable pool of adenine<br>nucleotides and 5HT are normally stored.",""],["Bone Marrow Neoplasms",7234,0.1,"D019046","C15.378.190.250",1,"Description: Neoplasms located in the bone marrow. They are<br>differentiated from neoplasms composed of bone marrow cells, such<br>as MULTIPLE MYELOMA. Most bone marrow neoplasms are metastatic.",""],["Bone Marrow Neoplasms",7234,0.1,"D019046","C15.378.400.200",1,"Description: Neoplasms located in the bone marrow. They are<br>differentiated from neoplasms composed of bone marrow cells, such<br>as MULTIPLE MYELOMA. Most bone marrow neoplasms are metastatic.",""],["Purpura",29606,0.5,"D011693","C15.378.100.802",7,"Description: Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily<br>visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the<br>tissues. When the size of the discolorization is >2-3 cm it is<br>generally called Ecchymoses (ECCHYMOSIS).",""],["Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic",5025,0.1,"D011697","C15.378.925.850",0,"Description: An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused<br>by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles<br>and capillaries. Clinical features include THROMBOCYTOPENIA;<br>HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; AZOTEMIA; FEVER; and thrombotic<br>microangiopathy. The classical form also includes neurological<br>symptoms and end-organ damage, such as RENAL FAILURE. Mutations<br>in the ADAMTS13 PROTEIN gene have been identified in familial<br>cases.",""],["Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure",2193,0.0,"D012010","C15.378.071.750",1,"Description: Suppression of erythropoiesis with little or no<br>abnormality of leukocyte or platelet production.",""],["Sarcoidosis",25512,0.4,"D012507","C15.604.515.827",2,"Description: An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous<br>disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells<br>with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis<br>and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes,<br>phalangeal bones, and parotid glands.",""],["Sezary Syndrome",1506,0.0,"D012751","C15.604.515.841",0,"Description: A form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma manifested by<br>generalized exfoliative ERYTHRODERMA; PRURITUS; peripheral<br>lymphadenopathy, and abnormal hyperchromatic mononuclear<br>(cerebriform) cells in the skin, LYMPH NODES, and peripheral<br>blood (Sezary cells).",""],["Splenic Infarction",830,0.0,"D013159","C15.604.744.617",0,"Description: Insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply to<br>the spleen due to emboli, thrombi, vascular torsion, or pressure<br>that produces a macroscopic area of necrosis. (From Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Splenic Neoplasms",4398,0.1,"D013160","C15.604.744.680",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SPLEEN.",""],["Splenic Rupture",3667,0.1,"D013161","C15.604.744.742",1,"Description: Rupture of the SPLEEN due to trauma or disease.",""],["Thalassemia",23011,0.4,"D013789","C15.378.420.826",4,"Description: A group of hereditary hemolytic anemias in which<br>there is decreased synthesis of one or more hemoglobin<br>polypeptide chains. There are several genetic types with clinical<br>pictures ranging from barely detectable hematologic abnormality<br>to severe and fatal anemia.",""],["Thrombasthenia",846,0.0,"D013915","C15.378.140.810",0,"Description: A congenital bleeding disorder with prolonged<br>bleeding time, absence of aggregation of platelets in response to<br>most agents, especially ADP, and impaired or absent clot<br>retraction. Platelet membranes are deficient in or have a defect<br>in the glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex (PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN<br>GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX).",""],["Thrombasthenia",846,0.0,"D013915","C15.378.463.810",0,"Description: A congenital bleeding disorder with prolonged<br>bleeding time, absence of aggregation of platelets in response to<br>most agents, especially ADP, and impaired or absent clot<br>retraction. Platelet membranes are deficient in or have a defect<br>in the glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex (PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN<br>GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX).",""],["Thrombocythemia, Essential",3114,0.0,"D013920","C15.378.100.832",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by repeated<br>spontaneous hemorrhages and a remarkable increase in the number<br>of circulating platelets.",""],["Thrombocytosis",5553,0.1,"D013922","C15.378.140.860",1,"Description: Increased numbers of platelets in the peripheral<br>blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Thrombocythemia, Essential",3114,0.0,"D013920","C15.378.463.825",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by repeated<br>spontaneous hemorrhages and a remarkable increase in the number<br>of circulating platelets.",""],["Thymoma",7009,0.1,"D013945","C15.604.861.800",0,"Description: A neoplasm originating from thymic tissue, usually<br>benign, and frequently encapsulated. Although it is occasionally<br>invasive, metastases are extremely rare. It consists of any type<br>of thymic epithelial cell as well as lymphocytes that are usually<br>abundant. Malignant lymphomas that involve the thymus, e.g.,<br>lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease (previously termed granulomatous<br>thymoma), should not be regarded as thymoma. (From Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Tuberculosis, Splenic",380,0.0,"D014400","C15.604.744.909",0,"Description: Infection of the spleen with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM.",""],["von Willebrand Diseases",5021,0.1,"D014842","C15.378.140.900",0,"Description: Group of hemorrhagic disorders in which the VON<br>WILLEBRAND FACTOR is either quantitatively or qualitatively<br>abnormal. They are usually inherited as an autosomal dominant<br>trait though rare kindreds are autosomal recessive. Symptoms vary<br>depending on severity and disease type but may include prolonged<br>bleeding time, deficiency of factor VIII, and impaired platelet<br>adhesion.",""],["von Willebrand Diseases",5481,0.1,"D014842","C15.378.463.920",3,"Description: Group of hemorrhagic disorders in which the VON<br>WILLEBRAND FACTOR is either quantitatively or qualitatively<br>abnormal. They are usually inherited as an autosomal dominant<br>trait though rare kindreds are autosomal recessive. Symptoms vary<br>depending on severity and disease type but may include prolonged<br>bleeding time, deficiency of factor VIII, and impaired platelet<br>adhesion.",""],["Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome",403,0.0,"D014884","C15.378.463.950",0,"Description: A condition of HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS of the<br>ADRENAL GLAND. It is characterized by rapidly developing ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTENSION; and widespread cutaneous PURPURA.",""],["Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome",1182,0.0,"D014923","C15.378.463.960",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by ECZEMA; LYMPHOPENIA; and, recurrent pyogenic<br>infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically,<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels are low and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular<br>malignancies are common.",""],["Hydrops Fetalis",1822,0.0,"D015160","C15.378.295.480",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more<br>fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA;<br>PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-<br>immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of<br>ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.",""],["Tumor Lysis Syndrome",996,0.0,"D015275","C15.604.515.880",0,"Description: A syndrome resulting from cytotoxic therapy,<br>occurring generally in aggressive, rapidly proliferating<br>lymphoproliferative disorders. It is characterized by<br>combinations of hyperuricemia, lactic acidosis, hyperkalemia,<br>hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia.",""],["Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases",2584,0.0,"D054437","C15.378.190.615",3,"Description: Clonal myeloid disorders that possess both<br>dysplastic and proliferative features but are not properly<br>classified as either MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES or<br>MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS.",""],["Histiocytic Disorders, Malignant",1520,0.0,"D015620","C15.604.250.390",4,"Description: Distinctive neoplastic disorders of histiocytes.<br>Included are malignant neoplasms of MACROPHAGES and DENDRITIC<br>CELLS.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic",7621,0.1,"D016553","C15.378.463.740",0,"Description: Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic<br>exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is<br>mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo<br>destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute<br>(affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.",""],["Protein S Deficiency",852,0.0,"D018455","C15.378.100.800",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder showing decreased<br>levels of plasma protein S antigen or activity, associated with<br>venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. PROTEIN S is a vitamin<br>K-dependent plasma protein that inhibits blood clotting by<br>serving as a cofactor for activated PROTEIN C (also a vitamin<br>K-dependent protein), and the clinical manifestations of its<br>deficiency are virtually identical to those of protein C<br>deficiency. Treatment with heparin for acute thrombotic processes<br>is usually followed by maintenance administration of coumarin<br>drugs for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis. (From<br>Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1511;<br>Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed, p1523)",""],["Protein S Deficiency",852,0.0,"D018455","C15.378.147.890",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder showing decreased<br>levels of plasma protein S antigen or activity, associated with<br>venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. PROTEIN S is a vitamin<br>K-dependent plasma protein that inhibits blood clotting by<br>serving as a cofactor for activated PROTEIN C (also a vitamin<br>K-dependent protein), and the clinical manifestations of its<br>deficiency are virtually identical to those of protein C<br>deficiency. Treatment with heparin for acute thrombotic processes<br>is usually followed by maintenance administration of coumarin<br>drugs for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis. (From<br>Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1511;<br>Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed, p1523)",""],["Protein S Deficiency",852,0.0,"D018455","C15.378.925.800",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder showing decreased<br>levels of plasma protein S antigen or activity, associated with<br>venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. PROTEIN S is a vitamin<br>K-dependent plasma protein that inhibits blood clotting by<br>serving as a cofactor for activated PROTEIN C (also a vitamin<br>K-dependent protein), and the clinical manifestations of its<br>deficiency are virtually identical to those of protein C<br>deficiency. Treatment with heparin for acute thrombotic processes<br>is usually followed by maintenance administration of coumarin<br>drugs for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis. (From<br>Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1511;<br>Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed, p1523)",""],["Leukostasis",126,0.0,"D018921","C15.378.553.560",0,"Description: Abnormal intravascular leukocyte aggregation and<br>clumping often seen in leukemia patients. The brain and lungs are<br>the two most commonly affected organs. This acute syndrome<br>requires aggressive cytoreductive modalities including<br>chemotherapy and/or leukophoresis. It is differentiated from<br>LEUKEMIC INFILTRATION which is a neoplastic process where<br>leukemic cells invade organs.",""],["Activated Protein C Resistance",677,0.0,"D020016","C15.378.925.050",0,"Description: A hemostatic disorder characterized by a poor<br>anticoagulant response to activated protein C (APC). The<br>activated form of Factor V (Factor Va) is more slowly degraded by<br>activated protein C. Factor V Leiden mutation (R506Q) is the most<br>common cause of APC resistance.",""],["Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis",933,0.0,"D020042","C15.604.315.300",0,"Description: Development of lesions in the lymph node<br>characterized by infiltration of the cortex or paracortex by<br>large collections of proliferating histiocytes and complete or,<br>more often, incomplete necrosis of lymphoid tissue.",""],["Protein C Deficiency",1115,0.0,"D020151","C15.378.147.880",0,"Description: An absence or deficiency in PROTEIN C which leads to<br>impaired regulation of blood coagulation. It is associated with<br>an increased risk of severe or premature thrombosis. (Stedman's<br>Med. Dict., 26th ed.)",""],["Protein C Deficiency",1115,0.0,"D020151","C15.378.925.795",0,"Description: An absence or deficiency in PROTEIN C which leads to<br>impaired regulation of blood coagulation. It is associated with<br>an increased risk of severe or premature thrombosis. (Stedman's<br>Med. Dict., 26th ed.)",""],["Antithrombin III Deficiency",866,0.0,"D020152","C15.378.147.150",0,"Description: An absence or reduced level of Antithrombin III<br>leading to an increased risk for thrombosis.",""],["Antithrombin III Deficiency",866,0.0,"D020152","C15.378.925.075",0,"Description: An absence or reduced level of Antithrombin III<br>leading to an increased risk for thrombosis.",""],["Wandering Spleen",264,0.0,"D050805","C15.604.744.954",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition in which the<br>SPLEEN is not in its normal anatomical position but moves about<br>in the ABDOMEN. This is due to laxity or absence of suspensory<br>ligaments which normally provide peritoneal attachments to keep<br>the SPLEEN in a fixed position. Clinical symptoms include<br>ABDOMINAL PAIN, splenic torsion and ISCHEMIA.",""],["Gray Platelet Syndrome",79,0.0,"D055652","C15.378.140.427",0,"Description: A rare, inherited platelet disorder characterized by<br>a selective deficiency in the number and contents of platelet<br>alpha-granules. It is associated with THROMBOCYTOPENIA, enlarged<br>platelets, and prolonged bleeding time.",""],["Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome",304,0.0,"D056735","C15.604.515.138",0,"Description: Rare congenital lymphoid disorder due to mutations<br>in certain Fas-Fas ligand pathway genes. Known causes include<br>mutations in FAS, TNFSF6, NRAS, CASP8, and CASP10 proteins.<br>Clinical features include LYMPHADENOPATHY; SPLENOMEGALY; and<br>AUTOIMMUNITY.",""],["Heterotaxy Syndrome",559,0.0,"D059446","C15.604.744.146",0,"Description: Abnormal thoracoabdominal VISCERA arrangement<br>(visceral heterotaxy) or malformation that involves additional<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., heart isomerism; DEXTROCARDIA)<br>and/or abnormal SPLEEN (e.g., asplenia and polysplenia).<br>Irregularities with the central nervous system, the skeleton and<br>urinary tract are often associated with the syndrome.",""],["Non-Filarial Lymphedema",3,0.0,"D062846","C15.604.496.660",0,"Description: A form of elephantiasis caused by soil particles<br>which penetrate the skin of the foot. It is limited to tropical<br>regions with soils of high volcanic content.",""],["Lymphoproliferative Disorders",344341,5.5,"D008232","C15.604.515",62,"Description: Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid<br>tissue, general or unspecified.",""],["Lymphadenopathy",2276,0.0,"D000072281","C15.604.338",1,"Description: Disease of LYMPH NODES which are abnormal in size,<br>number or consistency.",""],["Lymphedema",13588,0.2,"D008209","C15.604.496",4,"Description: Edema due to obstruction of lymph vessels or<br>disorders of the lymph nodes.",""],["Transfusion Reaction",9937,0.2,"D065227","C15.378.962",1,"Description: Complications of BLOOD TRANSFUSION. Included adverse<br>reactions are common allergic and febrile reactions; hemolytic<br>(delayed and acute) reactions; and other non-hemolytic adverse<br>reactions such as infections and adverse immune reactions related<br>to immunocompatibility.",""],["Blood Protein Disorders",77531,1.2,"D001796","C15.378.147",24,"Description: Hematologic diseases caused by structural or<br>functional defects of BLOOD PROTEINS.",""],["Bone Marrow Diseases",102886,1.6,"D001855","C15.378.190",33,"Description: Diseases involving the BONE MARROW.",""],["Leukocyte Disorders",68085,1.1,"D007960","C15.378.553",26,"Description: Disordered formation of various types of leukocytes<br>or an abnormal accumulation or deficiency of these cells.",""],["Lymphadenitis",7916,0.1,"D008199","C15.604.315",4,"Description: Inflammation of the lymph nodes.",""],["Blood Coagulation Disorders",136677,2.2,"D001778","C15.378.100",55,"Description: Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a<br>consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a<br>variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD<br>PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional<br>conditions.",""],["Hemorrhagic Disorders",137911,2.2,"D006474","C15.378.463",38,"Description: Spontaneous or near spontaneous bleeding caused by a<br>defect in clotting mechanisms (BLOOD COAGULATION DISORDERS) or<br>another abnormality causing a structural flaw in the blood<br>vessels (HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS).",""],["Anemia",171561,2.7,"D000740","C15.378.071",40,"Description: A reduction in the number of circulating<br>ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.",""],["Hemoglobinopathies",51514,0.8,"D006453","C15.378.420",10,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>structural alterations within the hemoglobin molecule.",""],["Blood Platelet Disorders",62275,1.0,"D001791","C15.378.140",18,"Description: Disorders caused by abnormalities in platelet count<br>or function.",""],["Lymphatic Abnormalities",3771,0.1,"D044148","C15.604.451",3,"Description: Congenital or acquired structural abnormalities of<br>the lymphatic system (LYMPHOID TISSUE) including the lymph<br>vessels.",""],["Thrombophilia",21783,0.3,"D019851","C15.378.925",6,"Description: A disorder of HEMOSTASIS in which there is a<br>tendency for the occurrence of THROMBOSIS.",""],["Histiocytosis",23435,0.4,"D015614","C15.604.250",17,"Description: General term for the abnormal appearance of<br>histiocytes in the blood. Based on the pathological features of<br>the cells involved rather than on clinical findings, the<br>histiocytic diseases are subdivided into three groups:<br>HISTIOCYTOSIS, LANGERHANS CELL; HISTIOCYTOSIS, NON-LANGERHANS-<br>CELL; and HISTIOCYTIC DISORDERS, MALIGNANT.",""],["Erythroblastosis, Fetal",10097,0.2,"D004899","C15.378.295",2,"Description: A condition characterized by the abnormal presence<br>of ERYTHROBLASTS in the circulation of the FETUS or NEWBORNS. It<br>is a disorder due to BLOOD GROUP INCOMPATIBILITY, such as the<br>maternal alloimmunization by fetal antigen RH FACTORS leading to<br>HEMOLYSIS of ERYTHROCYTES, hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC),<br>general edema (HYDROPS FETALIS), and SEVERE JAUNDICE IN NEWBORN.",""],["Splenic Diseases",18446,0.3,"D013158","C15.604.744",8,"Description: Diseases involving the SPLEEN.",""],["Lymphangiectasis",1254,0.0,"D008200","C15.604.360",1,"Description: A transient dilatation of the lymphatic vessels.",""],["Lymphangitis",702,0.0,"D008205","C15.604.406",0,"Description: A lymphatic disease characterized by INFLAMMATION of<br>LYMPHATIC VESSELS.",""],["Lymphocele",949,0.0,"D008210","C15.604.510",0,"Description: Cystic mass containing lymph from diseased lymphatic<br>channels or following surgical trauma or other injury.",""],["Methemoglobinemia",2861,0.0,"D008708","C15.378.619",0,"Description: The presence of methemoglobin in the blood,<br>resulting in cyanosis. A small amount of methemoglobin is present<br>in the blood normally, but injury or toxic agents convert a<br>larger proportion of hemoglobin into methemoglobin, which does<br>not function reversibly as an oxygen carrier. Methemoglobinemia<br>may be due to a defect in the enzyme NADH methemoglobin reductase<br>(an autosomal recessive trait) or to an abnormality in hemoglobin<br>M (an autosomal dominant trait). (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome",7667,0.1,"D009080","C15.604.560",0,"Description: An acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition<br>accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes in infants and<br>young children. The principal symptoms are fever, congestion of<br>the ocular conjunctivae, reddening of the lips and oral cavity,<br>protuberance of tongue papillae, and edema or erythema of the<br>extremities.",""],["Pancytopenia",2628,0.0,"D010198","C15.378.700",0,"Description: Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood,<br>erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets.",""],["Polycythemia",4432,0.1,"D011086","C15.378.738",0,"Description: An increase in the total red cell mass of the blood.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hematologic Neoplasms",21044,0.3,"D019337","C15.378.400",2,"Description: Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming<br>tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest<br>forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the<br>progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC<br>SYNDROMES.",""],["Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic",8442,0.1,"D011250","C15.378.785",0,"Description: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a blood disease<br>(HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES) which involves BLOOD CELLS or COAGULATION<br>FACTORS. The hematologic disease may precede or follow<br>FERTILIZATION and it may or may not have a deleterious effect on<br>the pregnant woman or FETUS.",""],["Preleukemia",862,0.0,"D011289","C15.378.800",0,"Description: Conditions in which the abnormalities in the<br>peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early<br>manifestations of acute leukemia, but in which the changes are<br>not of sufficient magnitude or specificity to permit a diagnosis<br>of acute leukemia by the usual clinical criteria.",""],["Sulfhemoglobinemia",91,0.0,"D013436","C15.378.896",0,"Description: A morbid condition due to the presence of<br>sulfmethemoglobin in the blood. It is marked by persistent<br>cyanosis, but the blood count does not reveal any special<br>abnormality in the blood. It is thought to be caused by the<br>action of hydrogen sulfide absorbed from the intestine. (Stedman,<br>25th ed)",""],["Thymus Neoplasms",15835,0.3,"D013953","C15.604.861",1,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the THYMUS GLAND.",""],["Thymus Hyperplasia",679,0.0,"D013952","C15.604.816",0,"Description: Enlargement of the thymus. A condition described in<br>the late 1940's and 1950's as pathological thymic hypertrophy was<br>status thymolymphaticus and was treated with radiotherapy.<br>Unnecessary removal of the thymus was also practiced. It later<br>became apparent that the thymus undergoes normal physiological<br>hypertrophy, reaching a maximum at puberty and involuting<br>thereafter. The concept of status thymolymphaticus has been<br>abandoned. Thymus hyperplasia is present in two thirds of all<br>patients with myasthenia gravis. (From Segen, Dictionary of<br>Modern Medicine, 1992; Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed,<br>p1486)",""],["Pseudolymphoma",991,0.0,"D019310","C15.604.613",0,"Description: A group of disorders having a benign course but<br>exhibiting clinical and histological features suggestive of<br>malignant lymphoma. Pseudolymphoma is characterized by a benign<br>infiltration of lymphoid cells or histiocytes which<br>microscopically resembles a malignant lymphoma. (From Dorland,<br>28th ed & Stedman, 26th ed)",""],["Lymphatic Diseases",453452,7.2,"D008206","C15.604",115,"Description: Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC<br>VESSELS.",""],["Hematologic Diseases",904484,14.4,"D006402","C15.378",273,"Description: Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.",""],["Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases",1357936,21.7,"D006425","C15",390,"Description: Hematologic diseases and diseases of the lymphatic<br>system collectively. Hemic diseases include disorders involving<br>the formed elements (e.g., ERYTHROCYTE AGGREGATION,<br>INTRAVASCULAR) and chemical components (e.g., BLOOD PROTEIN<br>DISORDERS); lymphatic diseases include disorders relating to<br>lymph, lymph nodes, and lymphocytes.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Reticulosis","Plasmablastic Lymphoma","Mycosis Fungoides","Sezary Syndrome","Lymphomatoid Papulosis","Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell","Chemotherapy-Induced Febrile Neutropenia","Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse","Burkitt Lymphoma","Fanconi Anemia","Favism","Hemoglobin SC Disease","Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis","Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous","Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic","Sickle Cell Trait","Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral","Lymphoma, AIDS-Related","Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic","alpha-Thalassemia","beta-Thalassemia","Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic","Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone","Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan","Lymphoma, Primary Effusion","delta-Thalassemia","Acute Chest Syndrome","Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","Febrile Neutropenia","Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","Lymphoma, B-Cell","Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome","Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital","Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Nonspherocytic","Anemia, Pernicious","Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts","Anemia, Sickle Cell","Blast Crisis","Elliptocytosis, Hereditary","Fanconi Anemia","Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital","Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency","Hemoglobin C Disease","Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome","Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease","Lymphoma, Follicular","Lymphoma, T-Cell","Neutropenia","Pulmonary Eosinophilia","Purpura, Thrombocytopenic","Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic","Spherocytosis, Hereditary","Thalassemia","Thrombocythemia, Essential","Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome","Hydrops Fetalis","Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell","Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma","Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell","Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase","Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase","Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic","Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic","T-Lymphocytopenia, Idiopathic CD4-Positive","Dyskeratosis Congenita","Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell","Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System","Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C","Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Type 1","Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic","Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell","von Willebrand Disease, Type 1","von Willebrand Disease, Type 1","von Willebrand Disease, Type 2","von Willebrand Disease, Type 2","von Willebrand Disease, Type 3","von Willebrand Disease, Type 3","Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin","Smoldering Multiple Myeloma","Smoldering Multiple Myeloma","GATA2 Deficiency","Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes","Kimura Disease","Afibrinogenemia","Afibrinogenemia","Agranulocytosis","Anemia, Aplastic","Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital","Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune","Anemia, Megaloblastic","Anemia, Myelophthisic","Anemia, Refractory","Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts","Anemia, Sideroblastic","Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia","Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia","Bernard-Soulier Syndrome","Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive","Chediak-Higashi Syndrome","Hemophilia B","Hemophilia B","Cryoglobulinemia","Cryoglobulinemia","DiGeorge Syndrome","Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome","Eosinophilic Granuloma","Eosinophilic Granuloma","Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute","Factor V Deficiency","Factor V Deficiency","Factor VII Deficiency","Factor VII Deficiency","Factor X Deficiency","Factor X Deficiency","Factor XI Deficiency","Factor XI Deficiency","Factor XII Deficiency","Factor XII Deficiency","Factor XIII Deficiency","Factor XIII Deficiency","Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital","Favism","Fetofetal Transfusion","Fetomaternal Transfusion","Granulomatous Disease, Chronic","Heavy Chain Disease","Hemangioma, Cavernous","Hemoglobin SC Disease","Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal","Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal","Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome","Thrombotic Microangiopathies","Hemophilia A","Hemophilia A","Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding","Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding","Hodgkin Disease","Hypoprothrombinemias","Hypoprothrombinemias","Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease","Job Syndrome","Leukemoid Reaction","Leukemoid Reaction","Lymphocytosis","Lymphopenia","Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","Multiple Myeloma","Multiple Myeloma","Niemann-Pick Diseases","Polycythemia Vera","Polycythemia Vera","Polycythemia Vera","Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum","Hypereosinophilic Syndrome","Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic","Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic","IgA Vasculitis","IgA Vasculitis","Purpura, Thrombocytopenic","Scurvy","Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome","Shwartzman Phenomenon","Sickle Cell Trait","Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic","Thrombasthenia","Thrombocythemia, Essential","Thrombocytosis","Uveoparotid Fever","von Willebrand Diseases","von Willebrand Diseases","Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome","Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome","Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile","alpha-Thalassemia","Churg-Strauss Syndrome","Leukemia, B-Cell","Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma","Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute","Leukemia, T-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic","Leukemia, Neutrophilic, Chronic","Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic","Histiocytosis, Sinus","Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome","POEMS Syndrome","beta-Thalassemia","IgA Deficiency","IgG Deficiency","Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary","Splenosis","Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","Anemia, Iron-Deficiency","Activated Protein C Resistance","Activated Protein C Resistance","Protein C Deficiency","Antithrombin III Deficiency","Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome","Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome","Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome","Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome","Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan","Erdheim-Chester Disease","Hypoalbuminemia","Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic","Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome","Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency","Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune","Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile","Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative","Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Interdigitating","Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular","Histiocytic Sarcoma","Langerhans Cell Sarcoma","Jacobsen Distal 11q Deletion Syndrome","delta-Thalassemia","Purpura Fulminans","Primary Myelofibrosis","Acute Chest Syndrome","von Willebrand Disease, Type 1","von Willebrand Disease, Type 2","von Willebrand Disease, Type 3","Eosinophilic Esophagitis","Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma","Composite Lymphoma","Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome","Intraocular Lymphoma","Lymphoma","Breast Cancer Lymphedema","Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury","Hypergammaglobulinemia","Paraproteinemias","Myelodysplastic Syndromes","Bone Marrow Failure Disorders","Eosinophilia","Kimura Disease","Thromboinflammation","Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited","Coagulation Protein Disorders","Afibrinogenemia","Agammaglobulinemia","Agammaglobulinemia","Leukopenia","Anemia, Aplastic","Anemia, Hemolytic","Anemia, Hypochromic","Anemia, Macrocytic","Anemia, Myelophthisic","Myeloproliferative Disorders","Anemia, Neonatal","Anemia, Refractory","Anemia, Sickle Cell","Anemia, Sideroblastic","Granuloma","Bernard-Soulier Syndrome","Bernard-Soulier Syndrome","Cat-Scratch Disease","Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction","Hemophilia B","Hemostatic Disorders","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation","Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation","Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation","Dysgammaglobulinemia","Ecchymosis","Elephantiasis","Elephantiasis, Filarial","Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell","Factor V Deficiency","Factor VII Deficiency","Factor X Deficiency","Factor XI Deficiency","Factor XII Deficiency","Factor XIII Deficiency","Castleman Disease","Heavy Chain Disease","Hemoglobin C Disease","Thrombocytopenia","Hemophilia A","Vitamin K Deficiency","Vitamin K Deficiency","Hypersplenism","Hypoproteinemia","Hypoprothrombinemias","Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy","Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy","Infectious Mononucleosis","Infectious Mononucleosis","Kernicterus","Leukemia, Hairy Cell","Leukemia, Lymphoid","Leukocytosis","Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal","Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal","Lymphangiomyoma","Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia","Marek Disease","Mesenteric Lymphadenitis","Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell","Pelger-Huet Anomaly","Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency","Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency","Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency","Bone Marrow Neoplasms","Bone Marrow Neoplasms","Purpura","Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic","Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure","Sarcoidosis","Sezary Syndrome","Splenic Infarction","Splenic Neoplasms","Splenic Rupture","Thalassemia","Thrombasthenia","Thrombasthenia","Thrombocythemia, Essential","Thrombocytosis","Thrombocythemia, Essential","Thymoma","Tuberculosis, Splenic","von Willebrand Diseases","von Willebrand Diseases","Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome","Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome","Hydrops Fetalis","Tumor Lysis Syndrome","Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases","Histiocytic Disorders, Malignant","Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic","Protein S Deficiency","Protein S Deficiency","Protein S Deficiency","Leukostasis","Activated Protein C Resistance","Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis","Protein C Deficiency","Protein C Deficiency","Antithrombin III Deficiency","Antithrombin III Deficiency","Wandering Spleen","Gray Platelet Syndrome","Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome","Heterotaxy Syndrome","Non-Filarial Lymphedema","Lymphoproliferative Disorders","Lymphadenopathy","Lymphedema","Transfusion Reaction","Blood Protein Disorders","Bone Marrow Diseases","Leukocyte Disorders","Lymphadenitis","Blood Coagulation Disorders","Hemorrhagic Disorders","Anemia","Hemoglobinopathies","Blood Platelet Disorders","Lymphatic Abnormalities","Thrombophilia","Histiocytosis","Erythroblastosis, Fetal","Splenic Diseases","Lymphangiectasis","Lymphangitis","Lymphocele","Methemoglobinemia","Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome","Pancytopenia","Polycythemia","Hematologic Neoplasms","Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic","Preleukemia","Sulfhemoglobinemia","Thymus Neoplasms","Thymus Hyperplasia","Pseudolymphoma","Lymphatic Diseases","Hematologic Diseases","Hemic and Lymphatic 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Disease",416,0.0,"D012497","C16.320.565.189.435.825.300.300.249",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons<br>and other tissues. It is caused by mutation in the common beta<br>subunit of HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B. Thus this<br>disease is also known as the O variant since both hexosaminidase<br>A and B are missing. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from<br>TAY-SACHS DISEASE.",""],["Sandhoff Disease",416,0.0,"D012497","C16.320.565.398.641.803.350.300.700",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons<br>and other tissues. It is caused by mutation in the common beta<br>subunit of HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B. Thus this<br>disease is also known as the O variant since both hexosaminidase<br>A and B are missing. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from<br>TAY-SACHS DISEASE.",""],["Sandhoff Disease",416,0.0,"D012497","C16.320.565.595.554.825.300.300.800",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons<br>and other tissues. It is caused by mutation in the common beta<br>subunit of HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B. Thus this<br>disease is also known as the O variant since both hexosaminidase<br>A and B are missing. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from<br>TAY-SACHS DISEASE.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease",1043,0.0,"D013661","C16.320.565.189.435.825.300.300.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by the onset in infancy of an exaggerated startle<br>response, followed by paralysis, dementia, and blindness. It is<br>caused by mutation in the alpha subunit of the HEXOSAMINIDASE A<br>resulting in lipid-laden ganglion cells. It is also known as the<br>B variant (with increased HEXOSAMINIDASE B but absence of<br>hexosaminidase A) and is strongly associated with Ashkenazic<br>Jewish ancestry.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease",1043,0.0,"D013661","C16.320.565.398.641.803.350.300.850",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by the onset in infancy of an exaggerated startle<br>response, followed by paralysis, dementia, and blindness. It is<br>caused by mutation in the alpha subunit of the HEXOSAMINIDASE A<br>resulting in lipid-laden ganglion cells. It is also known as the<br>B variant (with increased HEXOSAMINIDASE B but absence of<br>hexosaminidase A) and is strongly associated with Ashkenazic<br>Jewish ancestry.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease",1043,0.0,"D013661","C16.320.565.595.554.825.300.300.840",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by the onset in infancy of an exaggerated startle<br>response, followed by paralysis, dementia, and blindness. It is<br>caused by mutation in the alpha subunit of the HEXOSAMINIDASE A<br>resulting in lipid-laden ganglion cells. It is also known as the<br>B variant (with increased HEXOSAMINIDASE B but absence of<br>hexosaminidase A) and is strongly associated with Ashkenazic<br>Jewish ancestry.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant",2,0.0,"D049290","C16.320.565.189.435.825.300.300.750",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins<br>with muscle weakness, then progresses to startle reaction,<br>retardation and seizures. It is characterized by the accumulation<br>of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons that is caused by a lack of G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN function. The AB variant designation refers to<br>the increase of both HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B in<br>tissues that lack of G(M2) activator protein.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant",2,0.0,"D049290","C16.320.565.398.641.803.350.300.925",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins<br>with muscle weakness, then progresses to startle reaction,<br>retardation and seizures. It is characterized by the accumulation<br>of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons that is caused by a lack of G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN function. The AB variant designation refers to<br>the increase of both HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B in<br>tissues that lack of G(M2) activator protein.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant",2,0.0,"D049290","C16.320.565.595.554.825.300.300.920",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins<br>with muscle weakness, then progresses to startle reaction,<br>retardation and seizures. It is characterized by the accumulation<br>of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons that is caused by a lack of G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN function. The AB variant designation refers to<br>the increase of both HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B in<br>tissues that lack of G(M2) activator protein.",""],["Talipes Cavus",84,0.0,"D000070589","C16.131.621.585.512.500.681.500",0,"Description: A foot deformity in which the arch of the foot is<br>high and often the heel adducted.",""],["Clubfoot",3532,0.0,"D003025","C16.131.621.585.512.500.681.063",0,"Description: A deformed foot in which the foot is plantarflexed,<br>inverted, and adducted.",""],["Equinus Deformity",445,0.0,"D004863","C16.131.621.585.512.500.681.125",0,"Description: Plantar declination of the foot.",""],["Flatfoot",2379,0.0,"D005413","C16.131.621.585.512.500.681.250",0,"Description: Anomaly in which one or more of the arches of the<br>feet are flat.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C16.320.565.189.435.825.850.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C16.320.565.398.641.803.925.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C16.320.565.595.554.825.850.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Gangliosidoses, GM2",1584,0.0,"D020143","C16.320.565.189.435.825.300.300",3,"Description: A group of recessively inherited diseases<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2)<br>GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of<br>enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of<br>GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS.",""],["Gangliosidoses, GM2",1584,0.0,"D020143","C16.320.565.398.641.803.350.300",3,"Description: A group of recessively inherited diseases<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2)<br>GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of<br>enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of<br>GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS.",""],["Gangliosidoses, GM2",1584,0.0,"D020143","C16.320.565.595.554.825.300.300",3,"Description: A group of recessively inherited diseases<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2)<br>GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of<br>enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of<br>GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS.",""],["Gangliosidosis, GM1",380,0.0,"D016537","C16.320.565.189.435.825.300.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE<br>and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous<br>system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA,<br>poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and<br>facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS;<br>SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features<br>progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7)",""],["Gangliosidosis, GM1",380,0.0,"D016537","C16.320.565.398.641.803.350.360",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE<br>and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous<br>system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA,<br>poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and<br>facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS;<br>SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features<br>progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7)",""],["Gangliosidosis, GM1",380,0.0,"D016537","C16.320.565.595.554.825.300.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE<br>and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous<br>system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA,<br>poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and<br>facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS;<br>SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features<br>progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7)",""],["Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease",45,0.0,"D052517","C16.320.565.189.435.825.850.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the<br>intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containing lipids<br>(sulfatides) and MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Excess levels of both<br>substrates are present in urine. This is a disorder of multiple<br>sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused<br>by the mutation of sulfatase-modifying factor-1. Neurological<br>deterioration is rapid.",""],["Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease",45,0.0,"D052517","C16.320.565.398.641.803.925.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the<br>intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containing lipids<br>(sulfatides) and MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Excess levels of both<br>substrates are present in urine. This is a disorder of multiple<br>sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused<br>by the mutation of sulfatase-modifying factor-1. Neurological<br>deterioration is rapid.",""],["Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease",45,0.0,"D052517","C16.320.565.595.554.825.850.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the<br>intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containing lipids<br>(sulfatides) and MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Excess levels of both<br>substrates are present in urine. This is a disorder of multiple<br>sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused<br>by the mutation of sulfatase-modifying factor-1. Neurological<br>deterioration is rapid.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A",100,0.0,"D052536","C16.320.565.189.435.825.700.500",0,"Description: The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease,<br>caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE. It is<br>characterized by accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS in the cells of<br>the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM and other cell throughout the<br>body leading to cell death. Clinical signs include JAUNDICE,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, and severe brain damage.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A",100,0.0,"D052536","C16.320.565.398.641.803.730.500",0,"Description: The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease,<br>caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE. It is<br>characterized by accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS in the cells of<br>the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM and other cell throughout the<br>body leading to cell death. Clinical signs include JAUNDICE,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, and severe brain damage.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A",100,0.0,"D052536","C16.320.565.595.554.825.700.500",0,"Description: The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease,<br>caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE. It is<br>characterized by accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS in the cells of<br>the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM and other cell throughout the<br>body leading to cell death. Clinical signs include JAUNDICE,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, and severe brain damage.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B",106,0.0,"D052537","C16.320.565.189.435.825.700.750",0,"Description: An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE,<br>a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN<br>PHOSPHODIESTERASE but clinical signs involve only visceral organs<br>(non-neuropathic type).",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B",106,0.0,"D052537","C16.320.565.398.641.803.730.750",0,"Description: An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE,<br>a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN<br>PHOSPHODIESTERASE but clinical signs involve only visceral organs<br>(non-neuropathic type).",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B",106,0.0,"D052537","C16.320.565.595.554.825.700.750",0,"Description: An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE,<br>a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN<br>PHOSPHODIESTERASE but clinical signs involve only visceral organs<br>(non-neuropathic type).",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C",987,0.0,"D052556","C16.320.565.189.435.825.700.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that<br>is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by<br>mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates<br>intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical<br>signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological<br>symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia<br>ancestry.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C",987,0.0,"D052556","C16.320.565.398.641.803.730.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that<br>is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by<br>mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates<br>intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical<br>signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological<br>symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia<br>ancestry.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C",987,0.0,"D052556","C16.320.565.595.554.825.700.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that<br>is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by<br>mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates<br>intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical<br>signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological<br>symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia<br>ancestry.",""],["Walker-Warburg Syndrome",165,0.0,"D058494","C16.131.666.507.450.499.249.500",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive lissencephaly type 2<br>associated with congenital MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY and eye anomalies<br>(e.g., RETINAL DETACHMENT; CATARACT; MICROPHTHALMOS). It is often<br>associated with additional brain malformations such as<br>HYDROCEPHALY and cerebellar hypoplasia and is the most severe<br>form of the group of related syndromes (alpha-<br>dystroglycanopathies) with common congenital abnormalities in the<br>brain, eye and muscle development.",""],["Abetalipoproteinemia",470,0.0,"D000012","C16.320.565.398.500.440.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of lipid metabolism.<br>It is caused by mutation of the microsomal triglyceride transfer<br>protein that catalyzes the transport of lipids (TRIGLYCERIDES;<br>CHOLESTEROL ESTERS; PHOSPHOLIPIDS) and is required in the<br>secretion of BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins or LDL).<br>Features include defective intestinal lipid absorption, very low<br>serum cholesterol level, and near absent LDL.",""],["Talipes",6451,0.1,"D000070558","C16.131.621.585.512.500.681",4,"Description: Deformity in which the foot is misaligned with<br>respect to the TALUS in the ANKLE JOINT. While mostly congenital,<br>as in CLUBFOOT, acquired deformities are included. Acquired<br>talipedes are often associated with other foot deformities such<br>as SYNDACTYLY and POLYDACTYLY.",""],["Tarsal Coalition",83,0.0,"D000070604","C16.131.621.585.512.500.787",0,"Description: Congenital, complete or partial fusion of the TARSAL<br>BONES of the foot. PES PLANUS is usually a feature.",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.0,"D000795","C16.320.565.189.435.825.200",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.0,"D000795","C16.320.565.398.641.803.300",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.0,"D000795","C16.320.565.595.554.825.200",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Cleft Palate",18633,0.2,"D002972","C16.131.621.207.540.460.185",0,"Description: Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate,<br>due to faulty fusion.",""],["Double Outlet Right Ventricle",664,0.0,"D004310","C16.131.240.400.560.540.500",0,"Description: Incomplete transposition of the great vessels in<br>which both the AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY arise from the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE. The only outlet of the LEFT VENTRICLE is a large<br>ventricular septal defect (VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS or VSD).<br>The various subtypes are classified by the location of the septal<br>defect, such as subaortic, subpulmonary, or noncommitted.",""],["Gangliosidoses",2351,0.0,"D005733","C16.320.565.189.435.825.300",5,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage<br>disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are<br>caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for<br>normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses<br>are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the<br>defective degradation pathway.",""],["Gangliosidoses",2351,0.0,"D005733","C16.320.565.398.641.803.350",5,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage<br>disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are<br>caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for<br>normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses<br>are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the<br>defective degradation pathway.",""],["Gangliosidoses",2351,0.0,"D005733","C16.320.565.595.554.825.300",5,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage<br>disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are<br>caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for<br>normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses<br>are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the<br>defective degradation pathway.",""],["Gaucher Disease",4761,0.1,"D005776","C16.320.565.189.435.825.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading<br>to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in<br>cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic<br>Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace<br>normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal<br>deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There<br>are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of<br>neurological involvement.",""],["Gaucher Disease",4761,0.1,"D005776","C16.320.565.398.641.803.441",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading<br>to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in<br>cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic<br>Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace<br>normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal<br>deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There<br>are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of<br>neurological involvement.",""],["Gaucher Disease",4761,0.1,"D005776","C16.320.565.595.554.825.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading<br>to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in<br>cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic<br>Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace<br>normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal<br>deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There<br>are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of<br>neurological involvement.",""],["Goldenhar Syndrome",834,0.0,"D006053","C16.131.621.207.231.576.410",0,"Description: Mandibulofacial dysostosis with congenital eyelid<br>dermoids.",""],["Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency",335,0.0,"D007863","C16.320.565.398.500.330.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of lipoprotein<br>metabolism caused by mutation of LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL<br>ACYLTRANSFERASE gene. It is characterized by low HDL-cholesterol<br>levels, and the triad of CORNEAL OPACITIES; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; and<br>PROTEINURIA with renal failure.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C16.320.565.189.435.825.590",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C16.320.565.398.641.803.585",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C16.320.565.595.554.825.590",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Sulfatidosis",1173,0.0,"D052516","C16.320.565.189.435.825.850",2,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-<br>containing lipids (SULFATIDES), including SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS<br>normally found in the MYELIN SHEATH of the brain. These disorders<br>are caused by defective degradative enzymes leading to substrate<br>accumulation (or storage).",""],["Sulfatidosis",1173,0.0,"D052516","C16.320.565.398.641.803.925",2,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-<br>containing lipids (SULFATIDES), including SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS<br>normally found in the MYELIN SHEATH of the brain. These disorders<br>are caused by defective degradative enzymes leading to substrate<br>accumulation (or storage).",""],["Sulfatidosis",1173,0.0,"D052516","C16.320.565.595.554.825.850",2,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-<br>containing lipids (SULFATIDES), including SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS<br>normally found in the MYELIN SHEATH of the brain. These disorders<br>are caused by defective degradative enzymes leading to substrate<br>accumulation (or storage).",""],["Lutembacher Syndrome",156,0.0,"D008185","C16.131.240.400.560.375.518",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a combination of OSTIUM<br>SECUNDUM ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT and an acquired MITRAL VALVE<br>STENOSIS.",""],["Micrognathism",905,0.0,"D008844","C16.131.621.207.540.460.457",0,"Description: Abnormally small jaw.",""],["Niemann-Pick Diseases",2604,0.0,"D009542","C16.320.565.189.435.825.700",3,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which<br>harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the<br>central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of<br>enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in<br>intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of<br>SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based<br>on their clinical and genetic differences.",""],["Niemann-Pick Diseases",2604,0.0,"D009542","C16.320.565.398.641.803.730",3,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which<br>harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the<br>central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of<br>enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in<br>intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of<br>SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based<br>on their clinical and genetic differences.",""],["Niemann-Pick Diseases",2604,0.0,"D009542","C16.320.565.595.554.825.700",3,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which<br>harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the<br>central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of<br>enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in<br>intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of<br>SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based<br>on their clinical and genetic differences.",""],["Pierre Robin Syndrome",1344,0.0,"D010855","C16.131.621.207.540.460.606",0,"Description: Congenital malformation characterized by<br>MICROGNATHIA or RETROGNATHIA; GLOSSOPTOSIS and CLEFT PALATE. The<br>mandibular abnormalities often result in difficulties in sucking<br>and swallowing. The syndrome may be isolated or associated with<br>other syndromes (e.g., ANDERSEN SYNDROME; CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA).<br>Developmental mis-expression of SOX9 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR gene on<br>chromosome 17q and its surrounding region is associated with the<br>syndrome.",""],["Prognathism",2092,0.0,"D011378","C16.131.621.207.540.460.655",0,"Description: A condition marked by abnormal protrusion of the<br>mandible. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome",70,0.0,"D012618","C16.320.565.189.435.825.775",0,"Description: A congenital disease caused by an inborn error<br>involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID METABOLISM<br>and the accumulation of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, particularly<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in the HISTIOCYTES. This disorder is characterized<br>by SPLENOMEGALY and the sea-blue histiocytes in the spleen and<br>bone marrow after May Grunwald staining.",""],["Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome",70,0.0,"D012618","C16.320.565.398.641.803.850",0,"Description: A congenital disease caused by an inborn error<br>involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID METABOLISM<br>and the accumulation of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, particularly<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in the HISTIOCYTES. This disorder is characterized<br>by SPLENOMEGALY and the sea-blue histiocytes in the spleen and<br>bone marrow after May Grunwald staining.",""],["Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome",70,0.0,"D012618","C16.320.565.595.554.825.775",0,"Description: A congenital disease caused by an inborn error<br>involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID METABOLISM<br>and the accumulation of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, particularly<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in the HISTIOCYTES. This disorder is characterized<br>by SPLENOMEGALY and the sea-blue histiocytes in the spleen and<br>bone marrow after May Grunwald staining.",""],["Tangier Disease",376,0.0,"D013631","C16.320.565.398.500.330.750",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited disorder caused<br>by mutation of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS involved in<br>cellular cholesterol removal (reverse-cholesterol transport). It<br>is characterized by near absence of ALPHA-LIPOPROTEINS (high-<br>density lipoproteins) in blood. The massive tissue deposition of<br>cholesterol esters results in HEPATOMEGALY; SPLENOMEGALY;<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; large orange tonsils; and often sensory<br>POLYNEUROPATHY. The disorder was first found among inhabitants of<br>Tangier Island in the Chesapeake Bay, MD.",""],["Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent",761,0.0,"D014339","C16.131.240.400.560.098.500",0,"Description: A congenital anomaly caused by the failed<br>development of TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS into separate AORTA and<br>PULMONARY ARTERY. It is characterized by a single arterial trunk<br>that forms the outlet for both HEART VENTRICLES and gives rise to<br>the systemic, pulmonary, and coronary arteries. It is always<br>accompanied by a ventricular septal defect.",""],["Wolman Disease",298,0.0,"D015223","C16.320.565.398.641.201.500",0,"Description: The severe infantile form of inherited lysosomal<br>lipid storage diseases due to deficiency of acid lipase (STEROL<br>ESTERASE). It is characterized by the accumulation of neutral<br>lipids, particularly CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes,<br>fibroblasts, and hepatocytes. It is also known as Wolman's<br>xanthomatosis and is an allelic variant of CHOLESTEROL ESTER<br>STORAGE DISEASE.",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C16.131.939.316.096.687.500",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C16.131.939.316.309.388.500",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C16.131.240.850.750.125.500",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C16.320.565.100.102.100.400",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Vein of Galen Malformations",266,0.0,"D054080","C16.131.240.850.750.295.500",0,"Description: Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the<br>VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of the brain. The<br>rush of arterial blood directly into the vein of Galen, without<br>passing through the CAPILLARIES, can overwhelm the heart and lead<br>to CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.",""],["Vein of Galen Malformations",266,0.0,"D054080","C16.131.240.850.875.500.500",0,"Description: Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the<br>VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of the brain. The<br>rush of arterial blood directly into the vein of Galen, without<br>passing through the CAPILLARIES, can overwhelm the heart and lead<br>to CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.",""],["Foramen Ovale, Patent",3259,0.0,"D054092","C16.131.240.400.560.375.258",0,"Description: A condition in which the FORAMEN OVALE in the ATRIAL<br>SEPTUM fails to close shortly after birth. This results in<br>abnormal communications between the two upper chambers of the<br>heart. An isolated patent ovale foramen without other structural<br>heart defects is usually of no hemodynamic significance.",""],["Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias",182,0.0,"D054221","C16.131.666.507.450.499.230",0,"Description: Disorders comprising a spectrum of brain<br>malformations representing the paradigm of a diffuse neuronal<br>migration disorder. They result in cognitive impairment;<br>SEIZURES; and HYPOTONIA or spasticity. Mutations of two genes,<br>LIS1, the gene for the non-catalytic subunit of PLATELET-<br>ACTIVATING FACTOR ACETYLHYDROLASE IB; and DCX or XLIS, the gene<br>for doublecortin, have been identified as the most common causes<br>of disorders in this spectrum. Additional variants of classical<br>(Type I) lissencephaly have been linked to RELN, the gene for<br>reelin, and ARX, the gene for aristaless related homeobox<br>protein. (From Leventer, R.J., et al, Mol Med Today. 2000<br>Jul;6(7):277-84 and Barkovich, A.J., et al, Neurology. 2005 Dec<br>27;65(12):1873-87.)",""],["Cobblestone Lissencephaly",184,0.0,"D054222","C16.131.666.507.450.499.249",1,"Description: The smooth pebbled appearance of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>with a thickened cortex and reduced and abnormal white matter,<br>which results from migration of heterotopic neurons beyond the<br>marginal zone into the leptomeninges through gaps in the external<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE. There is also enlarged ventricles,<br>underdeveloped BRAINSTEM and cerebellum, and absence of the<br>CORPUS CALLOSUM. These abnormalities occur as a syndrome without<br>other birth defects (cobblestone complex) or in other syndromes<br>associated with congenital MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, often involving<br>the eye, such as the Walker-Warburg Syndrome, Fukuyama congenital<br>muscular dystrophy, and muscle-eye-brain disease.",""],["Farber Lipogranulomatosis",67,0.0,"D055577","C16.320.565.189.435.825.250",0,"Description: A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by<br>the histological appearance of granulomatous deposits in tissues.<br>It results from the accumulation of CERAMIDES in various tissues<br>due to an inherited deficiency of ACID CERAMIDASE.",""],["Farber Lipogranulomatosis",67,0.0,"D055577","C16.320.565.398.641.803.325",0,"Description: A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by<br>the histological appearance of granulomatous deposits in tissues.<br>It results from the accumulation of CERAMIDES in various tissues<br>due to an inherited deficiency of ACID CERAMIDASE.",""],["Farber Lipogranulomatosis",67,0.0,"D055577","C16.320.565.595.554.825.250",0,"Description: A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by<br>the histological appearance of granulomatous deposits in tissues.<br>It results from the accumulation of CERAMIDES in various tissues<br>due to an inherited deficiency of ACID CERAMIDASE.",""],["Retrognathia",879,0.0,"D063173","C16.131.621.207.540.460.827",0,"Description: A physical misalignment of the upper (maxilla) and<br>lower (mandibular) jaw bones in which either or both recede<br>relative to the frontal plane of the forehead.",""],["Hemimegalencephaly",62,0.0,"D065705","C16.131.666.507.400.249.500",0,"Description: Rare MALFORMATIONS OF CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT, GROUP I<br>characterized by the enlargement of one side of the brain. It is<br>associated with seizures, partial paralysis, and mental<br>retardation.",""],["Hypobetalipoproteinemias",807,0.0,"D006995","C16.320.565.398.500.440",1,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of BETA-<br>LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins or LDL) in the blood. It<br>is defined as LDL values equal to or less than the 5th percentile<br>for the population. They include the autosomal dominant form<br>involving mutation of the APOLIPOPROTEINS B gene, and the<br>autosomal recessive form involving mutation of the microsomal<br>triglyceride transfer protein. All are characterized by low LDL<br>and dietary fat malabsorption.",""],["Foot Deformities, Congenital",8780,0.1,"D005532","C16.131.621.585.512.500",6,"Description: Alterations or deviations from normal shape or size<br>which result in a disfigurement of the foot occurring at or<br>before birth.",""],["Anomalous Left Coronary Artery",46,0.0,"D000080038","C16.131.240.400.210.125",0,"Description: Malformations of left CORONARY ARTERY where it is<br>connected to the PULMONARY ARTERY instead of the AORTA.",""],["Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries",44,0.0,"D000080041","C16.131.240.400.915.150",0,"Description: A rare heart defect that occurs when the HEART<br>VENTRICLES and attached valves, the MITRAL VALVE and the<br>TRICUSPID VALVE are reversed so that the AORTA and the PULMONARY<br>ARTERY are connected to the wrong ventricle. Although the heart<br>valves and the two great arteries, the PULMONARY ARTERY and the<br>AORTA are transposed, the blood flows to the correct place<br>because the ventricles are also reversed and therefore corrects<br>the transposition. It often occurs with other structural heart<br>abnormalities.",""],["Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia",12,0.0,"D000090542","C16.320.565.398.481.500",0,"Description: A rare inherited genetic disorder, one form of<br>HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE II, characterized by high level of LOW-<br>DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) which if not treated could elevate the<br>chance of heart attack at an early age.",""],["Acrocephalosyndactylia",1440,0.0,"D000168","C16.131.621.207.240.100",0,"Description: Congenital craniostenosis with syndactyly.",""],["Acrocephalosyndactylia",1440,0.0,"D000168","C16.131.621.585.800.100",0,"Description: Congenital craniostenosis with syndactyly.",""],["Acrocephalosyndactylia",1440,0.0,"D000168","C16.131.621.906.364.100",0,"Description: Congenital craniostenosis with syndactyly.",""],["Acrocephalosyndactylia",1440,0.0,"D000168","C16.131.621.906.819.100",0,"Description: Congenital craniostenosis with syndactyly.",""],["Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital",6855,0.1,"D000312","C16.131.939.316.129.500",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL<br>GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol<br>(HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of<br>precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance,<br>congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting,<br>hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID<br>21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-<br>HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase<br>(3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-<br>REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among<br>others, underlie these disorders.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C16.320.565.189.362.250",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Amelogenesis Imperfecta",856,0.0,"D000567","C16.131.850.800.255.500",0,"Description: A clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of<br>hereditary conditions characterized by malformed DENTAL ENAMEL,<br>usually involving DENTAL ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA and/or TOOTH<br>HYPOMINERALIZATION.",""],["Sphingolipidoses",16678,0.2,"D013106","C16.320.565.189.435.825",18,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGOLIPIDS<br>primarily in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and to a variable degree<br>in the visceral organs. They are classified by the enzyme defect<br>in the degradation pathway and the substrate accumulation (or<br>storage). Clinical features vary in subtypes but<br>neurodegeneration is a common sign.",""],["Sphingolipidoses",16678,0.2,"D013106","C16.320.565.398.641.803",18,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGOLIPIDS<br>primarily in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and to a variable degree<br>in the visceral organs. They are classified by the enzyme defect<br>in the degradation pathway and the substrate accumulation (or<br>storage). Clinical features vary in subtypes but<br>neurodegeneration is a common sign.",""],["Sphingolipidoses",16678,0.2,"D013106","C16.320.565.595.554.825",18,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGOLIPIDS<br>primarily in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and to a variable degree<br>in the visceral organs. They are classified by the enzyme defect<br>in the degradation pathway and the substrate accumulation (or<br>storage). Clinical features vary in subtypes but<br>neurodegeneration is a common sign.",""],["Aortopulmonary Septal Defect",1119,0.0,"D001028","C16.131.240.400.560.098",1,"Description: A developmental abnormality in which the spiral<br>(aortopulmonary) septum failed to completely divide the TRUNCUS<br>ARTERIOSUS into ASCENDING AORTA and PULMONARY ARTERY. This<br>abnormal communication between the two major vessels usually lies<br>above their respective valves (AORTIC VALVE; PULMONARY VALVE).",""],["Arteriovenous Fistula",14601,0.2,"D001164","C16.131.240.850.750.125",1,"Description: An abnormal direct communication between an artery<br>and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. An A-V<br>fistula usually leads to the formation of a dilated sac-like<br>connection, arteriovenous aneurysm. The locations and size of the<br>shunts determine the degree of effects on the cardiovascular<br>functions such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.",""],["Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations",9008,0.1,"D002538","C16.131.240.850.750.295",1,"Description: Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain<br>characterized by direct communication between an artery and a<br>vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and<br>size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES;<br>SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and<br>vascular steal effect.",""],["Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations",9008,0.1,"D002538","C16.131.240.850.875.500",1,"Description: Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain<br>characterized by direct communication between an artery and a<br>vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and<br>size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES;<br>SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and<br>vascular steal effect.",""],["Cherubism",444,0.0,"D002636","C16.131.621.207.540.170",0,"Description: A fibro-osseous hereditary disease of the jaws. The<br>swollen jaws and raised eyes give a cherubic appearance; multiple<br>radiolucencies are evident upon radiographic examination.",""],["Jaw Abnormalities",25481,0.3,"D007569","C16.131.621.207.540.460",5,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the jaw.",""],["Cleft Palate",18633,0.2,"D002972","C16.131.850.500.460.185",0,"Description: Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate,<br>due to faulty fusion.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C16.131.240.400.021.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C16.131.621.207.103.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular",10112,0.1,"D006345","C16.131.240.400.560.540",1,"Description: Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the<br>VENTRICULAR SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between<br>the two lower chambers of the heart. Classification of<br>ventricular septal defects is based on location of the<br>communication, such as perimembranous, inlet, outlet<br>(infundibular), central muscular, marginal muscular, or apical<br>muscular defect.",""],["Double Outlet Right Ventricle",664,0.0,"D004310","C16.131.240.400.915.300",0,"Description: Incomplete transposition of the great vessels in<br>which both the AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY arise from the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE. The only outlet of the LEFT VENTRICLE is a large<br>ventricular septal defect (VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS or VSD).<br>The various subtypes are classified by the location of the septal<br>defect, such as subaortic, subpulmonary, or noncommitted.",""],["Endocardial Cushion Defects",473,0.0,"D004694","C16.131.240.400.560.350",0,"Description: A spectrum of septal defects involving the ATRIAL<br>SEPTUM; VENTRICULAR SEPTUM; and the atrioventricular valves<br>(TRICUSPID VALVE; BICUSPID VALVE). These defects are due to<br>incomplete growth and fusion of the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS which<br>are important in the formation of two atrioventricular canals,<br>site of future atrioventricular valves.",""],["Freemartinism",124,0.0,"D005611","C16.131.939.316.795.124",0,"Description: A condition occurring in the female offspring of<br>dizygotic twins (TWIN, DIZYGOTIC) in a mixed-sex pregnancy,<br>usually in CATTLE. Freemartinism can occur in other mammals. When<br>placental fusion between the male and the female FETUSES permits<br>the exchange of fetal cells and fetal hormones, TESTICULAR<br>HORMONES from the male fetus can androgenize the female fetus<br>producing a sterile XX/XY chimeric \"female\"(CHIMERISM).",""],["Fructose Intolerance",363,0.0,"D005633","C16.320.565.202.251.271",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive fructose metabolism disorder<br>due to deficient fructose-1-phosphate aldolase (EC 2.1.2.13)<br>activity, resulting in accumulation of fructose-1-phosphate. The<br>accumulated fructose-1-phosphate inhibits glycogenolysis and<br>gluconeogenesis, causing severe hypoglycemia following ingestion<br>of fructose. Prolonged fructose ingestion in infants leads<br>ultimately to hepatic failure and death. Patients develop a<br>strong distaste for sweet food, and avoid a chronic course of the<br>disease by remaining on a fructose- and sucrose-free diet.",""],["Fucosidosis",147,0.0,"D005645","C16.320.565.189.435.295",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease<br>caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activity resulting<br>in an accumulation of fucose containing SPHINGOLIPIDS;<br>GLYCOPROTEINS, and mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in<br>lysosomes. The infantile form (type I) features psychomotor<br>deterioration, MUSCLE SPASTICITY, coarse facial features, growth<br>retardation, skeletal abnormalities, visceromegaly, SEIZURES,<br>recurrent infections, and MACROGLOSSIA, with death occurring in<br>the first decade of life. Juvenile fucosidosis (type II) is the<br>more common variant and features a slowly progressive decline in<br>neurologic function and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Type II<br>survival may be through the fourth decade of life. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p87; Am J Med Genet 1991<br>Jan;38(1):111-31)",""],["Fucosidosis",147,0.0,"D005645","C16.320.565.595.554.295",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease<br>caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activity resulting<br>in an accumulation of fucose containing SPHINGOLIPIDS;<br>GLYCOPROTEINS, and mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in<br>lysosomes. The infantile form (type I) features psychomotor<br>deterioration, MUSCLE SPASTICITY, coarse facial features, growth<br>retardation, skeletal abnormalities, visceromegaly, SEIZURES,<br>recurrent infections, and MACROGLOSSIA, with death occurring in<br>the first decade of life. Juvenile fucosidosis (type II) is the<br>more common variant and features a slowly progressive decline in<br>neurologic function and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Type II<br>survival may be through the fourth decade of life. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p87; Am J Med Genet 1991<br>Jan;38(1):111-31)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type I",1367,0.0,"D005953","C16.320.565.202.449.448",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disease in which gene<br>expression of glucose-6-phosphatase is absent, resulting in<br>hypoglycemia due to lack of glucose production. Accumulation of<br>glycogen in liver and kidney leads to organomegaly, particularly<br>massive hepatomegaly. Increased concentrations of lactic acid and<br>hyperlipidemia appear in the plasma. Clinical gout often appears<br>in early childhood.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type II",2024,0.0,"D006009","C16.320.565.189.435.340",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited glycogen storage<br>disease caused by GLUCAN 1,4-ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE deficiency. Large<br>amounts of GLYCOGEN accumulate in the LYSOSOMES of skeletal<br>muscle (MUSCLE, SKELETAL); HEART; LIVER; SPINAL CORD; and BRAIN.<br>Three forms have been described: infantile, childhood, and adult.<br>The infantile form is fatal in infancy and presents with<br>hypotonia and a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CARDIOMYOPATHY,<br>HYPERTROPHIC). The childhood form usually presents in the second<br>year of life with proximal weakness and respiratory symptoms. The<br>adult form consists of a slowly progressive proximal myopathy.<br>(From Muscle Nerve 1995;3:S61-9; Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp73-4)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type II",2024,0.0,"D006009","C16.320.565.202.449.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited glycogen storage<br>disease caused by GLUCAN 1,4-ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE deficiency. Large<br>amounts of GLYCOGEN accumulate in the LYSOSOMES of skeletal<br>muscle (MUSCLE, SKELETAL); HEART; LIVER; SPINAL CORD; and BRAIN.<br>Three forms have been described: infantile, childhood, and adult.<br>The infantile form is fatal in infancy and presents with<br>hypotonia and a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CARDIOMYOPATHY,<br>HYPERTROPHIC). The childhood form usually presents in the second<br>year of life with proximal weakness and respiratory symptoms. The<br>adult form consists of a slowly progressive proximal myopathy.<br>(From Muscle Nerve 1995;3:S61-9; Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp73-4)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type II",2024,0.0,"D006009","C16.320.565.595.554.340",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited glycogen storage<br>disease caused by GLUCAN 1,4-ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE deficiency. Large<br>amounts of GLYCOGEN accumulate in the LYSOSOMES of skeletal<br>muscle (MUSCLE, SKELETAL); HEART; LIVER; SPINAL CORD; and BRAIN.<br>Three forms have been described: infantile, childhood, and adult.<br>The infantile form is fatal in infancy and presents with<br>hypotonia and a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CARDIOMYOPATHY,<br>HYPERTROPHIC). The childhood form usually presents in the second<br>year of life with proximal weakness and respiratory symptoms. The<br>adult form consists of a slowly progressive proximal myopathy.<br>(From Muscle Nerve 1995;3:S61-9; Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp73-4)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type III",355,0.0,"D006010","C16.320.565.202.449.520",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder due to<br>deficient expression of amylo-1,6-glucosidase (one part of the<br>glycogen debranching enzyme system). The clinical course of the<br>disease is similar to that of glycogen storage disease type I,<br>but milder. Massive hepatomegaly, which is present in young<br>children, diminishes and occasionally disappears with age. Levels<br>of glycogen with short outer branches are elevated in muscle,<br>liver, and erythrocytes. Six subgroups have been identified, with<br>subgroups Type IIIa and Type IIIb being the most prevalent.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type IV",183,0.0,"D006011","C16.320.565.202.449.540",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder due to a<br>deficiency in expression of glycogen branching enzyme 1<br>(alpha-1,4-glucan-6-alpha-glucosyltransferase), resulting in an<br>accumulation of abnormal GLYCOGEN with long outer branches.<br>Clinical features are MUSCLE HYPOTONIA and CIRRHOSIS. Death from<br>liver disease usually occurs before age 2.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type V",689,0.0,"D006012","C16.320.565.202.449.560",0,"Description: Glycogenosis due to muscle phosphorylase deficiency.<br>Characterized by painful cramps following sustained exercise.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type VI",39,0.0,"D006013","C16.320.565.202.449.580",0,"Description: A hepatic GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE in which there is<br>an apparent deficiency of hepatic phosphorylase (GLYCOGEN<br>PHOSPHORYLASE, LIVER FORM) activity.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII",100,0.0,"D006014","C16.320.565.202.449.600",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive glycogen storage disease in<br>which there is deficient expression of 6-phosphofructose 1-kinase<br>in muscle (PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE-1, MUSCLE TYPE) resulting in<br>abnormal deposition of glycogen in muscle tissue. These patients<br>have severe congenital muscular dystrophy and are exercise<br>intolerant.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type VIII",12,0.0,"D006015","C16.320.565.202.449.620",0,"Description: An x-linked recessive hepatic glycogen storage<br>disease resulting from lack of expression of phosphorylase-b-<br>kinase activity. Symptoms are relatively mild; hepatomegaly,<br>increased liver glycogen, and decreased leukocyte phosphorylase<br>are present. Liver shrinkage occurs in response to glucagon.",""],["Mandibulofacial Dysostosis",2302,0.0,"D008342","C16.131.621.207.231.576",1,"Description: A hereditary disorder occurring in two forms: the<br>complete form (Franceschetti's syndrome) is characterized by<br>antimongoloid slant of the palpebral fissures, COLOBOMA of the<br>lower lid, MICROGNATHIA and hypoplasia of the ZYGOMATIC ARCHES,<br>and CONGENITAL MICROTIA. It is transmitted as an autosomal trait.<br>The incomplete form (Treacher Collins syndrome) is characterized<br>by the same anomalies in less pronounced degree. It occurs<br>sporadically, but an autosomal dominant mode of transmission is<br>suspected. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C16.131.260.830.835.249",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C16.131.939.316.309.391",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C16.131.939.316.795.249",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C16.320.180.830.835.249",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY",1067,0.0,"D006061","C16.131.939.316.096.687",1,"Description: Defects in the SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS in 46, XY<br>individuals that result in abnormal gonadal development and<br>deficiencies in TESTOSTERONE and subsequently ANTIMULLERIAN<br>HORMONE or other factors required for normal male sex<br>development. This leads to the development of female phenotypes<br>(male to female sex reversal), normal to tall stature, and<br>bilateral streak or dysgenic gonads which are susceptible to<br>GONADAL TISSUE NEOPLASMS. An XY gonadal dysgenesis is associated<br>with structural abnormalities on the Y CHROMOSOME, a mutation in<br>the GENE, SRY, or a mutation in other autosomal genes that are<br>involved in sex determination.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY",1067,0.0,"D006061","C16.131.939.316.309.388",1,"Description: Defects in the SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS in 46, XY<br>individuals that result in abnormal gonadal development and<br>deficiencies in TESTOSTERONE and subsequently ANTIMULLERIAN<br>HORMONE or other factors required for normal male sex<br>development. This leads to the development of female phenotypes<br>(male to female sex reversal), normal to tall stature, and<br>bilateral streak or dysgenic gonads which are susceptible to<br>GONADAL TISSUE NEOPLASMS. An XY gonadal dysgenesis is associated<br>with structural abnormalities on the Y CHROMOSOME, a mutation in<br>the GENE, SRY, or a mutation in other autosomal genes that are<br>involved in sex determination.",""],["Hallermann's Syndrome",174,0.0,"D006210","C16.131.621.207.231.427",0,"Description: An oculomandibulofacial syndrome principally<br>characterized by dyscephaly (usually brachycephaly), parrot nose,<br>mandibular hypoplasia, proportionate nanism, hypotrichosis,<br>bilateral congenital cataracts, and microphthalmia. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Hand Deformities, Congenital",3016,0.0,"D006228","C16.131.621.585.988.500",0,"Description: Alterations or deviations from normal shape or size<br>which result in a disfigurement of the hand occurring at or<br>before birth.",""],["Heart Septal Defects, Atrial",14286,0.2,"D006344","C16.131.240.400.560.375",2,"Description: Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the<br>ATRIAL SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the<br>two upper chambers of the heart. Classification of atrial septal<br>defects is based on location of the communication and types of<br>incomplete fusion of atrial septa with the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS<br>in the fetal heart. They include ostium primum, ostium secundum,<br>sinus venosus, and coronary sinus defects.",""],["Homocystinuria",1392,0.0,"D006712","C16.320.565.100.480.500",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine<br>metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-<br>SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma<br>and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus,<br>SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin<br>blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased<br>incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop<br>fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR<br>ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979)",""],["Hypertelorism",692,0.0,"D006972","C16.131.621.207.231.480",0,"Description: Abnormal increase in the interorbital distance due<br>to overdevelopment of the lesser wings of the sphenoid.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C16.131.077.245.500.531",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C16.131.240.400.280.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Klinefelter Syndrome",3270,0.0,"D007713","C16.131.260.830.835.500",0,"Description: A form of male HYPOGONADISM, characterized by the<br>presence of an extra X CHROMOSOME, small TESTES, seminiferous<br>tubule dysgenesis, elevated levels of GONADOTROPINS, low serum<br>TESTOSTERONE, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, and<br>male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE). Patients tend to have long<br>legs and a slim, tall stature. GYNECOMASTIA is present in many of<br>the patients. The classic form has the karyotype 47,XXY. Several<br>karyotype variants include 48,XXYY; 48,XXXY; 49,XXXXY, and mosaic<br>patterns ( 46,XY/47,XXY; 47,XXY/48,XXXY, etc.).",""],["Klinefelter Syndrome",3270,0.0,"D007713","C16.131.939.316.795.500",0,"Description: A form of male HYPOGONADISM, characterized by the<br>presence of an extra X CHROMOSOME, small TESTES, seminiferous<br>tubule dysgenesis, elevated levels of GONADOTROPINS, low serum<br>TESTOSTERONE, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, and<br>male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE). Patients tend to have long<br>legs and a slim, tall stature. GYNECOMASTIA is present in many of<br>the patients. The classic form has the karyotype 47,XXY. Several<br>karyotype variants include 48,XXYY; 48,XXXY; 49,XXXXY, and mosaic<br>patterns ( 46,XY/47,XXY; 47,XXY/48,XXXY, etc.).",""],["Klinefelter Syndrome",3270,0.0,"D007713","C16.320.180.830.835.500",0,"Description: A form of male HYPOGONADISM, characterized by the<br>presence of an extra X CHROMOSOME, small TESTES, seminiferous<br>tubule dysgenesis, elevated levels of GONADOTROPINS, low serum<br>TESTOSTERONE, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, and<br>male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE). Patients tend to have long<br>legs and a slim, tall stature. GYNECOMASTIA is present in many of<br>the patients. The classic form has the karyotype 47,XXY. Several<br>karyotype variants include 48,XXYY; 48,XXXY; 49,XXXXY, and mosaic<br>patterns ( 46,XY/47,XXY; 47,XXY/48,XXXY, etc.).",""],["Hypoalphalipoproteinemias",792,0.0,"D052456","C16.320.565.398.500.330",2,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of ALPHA-<br>LIPOPROTEINS (high-density lipoproteins) in the blood.<br>Hypoalphalipoproteinemia can be associated with mutations in<br>genes encoding APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL<br>ACYLTRANSFERASE; and ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS.",""],["Leigh Disease",1117,0.0,"D007888","C16.320.565.202.810.444",0,"Description: A group of metabolic disorders primarily of infancy<br>characterized by the subacute onset of psychomotor retardation,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, weakness, vision loss, eye movement<br>abnormalities, seizures, dysphagia, and lactic acidosis.<br>Pathological features include spongy degeneration of the<br>neuropile of the basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem, and spinal<br>cord. Patterns of inheritance include X-linked recessive,<br>autosomal recessive, and mitochondrial. Leigh disease has been<br>associated with mutations in genes for the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE<br>COMPLEX; CYTOCHROME-C OXIDASE; ATP synthase subunit 6; and<br>subunits of mitochondrial complex I. (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, p850).",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C16.320.565.189.362.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C16.320.565.189.362.550",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis I",1841,0.0,"D008059","C16.320.565.202.715.640",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease caused by a<br>deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase (IDURONIDASE) and characterized<br>by progressive physical deterioration with urinary excretion of<br>DERMATAN SULFATE and HEPARAN SULFATE. There are three recognized<br>phenotypes representing a spectrum of clinical severity from<br>severe to mild: Hurler syndrome, Hurler-Scheie syndrome and<br>Scheie syndrome (formerly mucopolysaccharidosis V). Symptoms may<br>include DWARFISM; hepatosplenomegaly; thick, coarse facial<br>features with low nasal bridge; corneal clouding; cardiac<br>complications; and noisy breathing.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis I",1841,0.0,"D008059","C16.320.565.595.600.640",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease caused by a<br>deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase (IDURONIDASE) and characterized<br>by progressive physical deterioration with urinary excretion of<br>DERMATAN SULFATE and HEPARAN SULFATE. There are three recognized<br>phenotypes representing a spectrum of clinical severity from<br>severe to mild: Hurler syndrome, Hurler-Scheie syndrome and<br>Scheie syndrome (formerly mucopolysaccharidosis V). Symptoms may<br>include DWARFISM; hepatosplenomegaly; thick, coarse facial<br>features with low nasal bridge; corneal clouding; cardiac<br>complications; and noisy breathing.",""],["alpha-Mannosidosis",260,0.0,"D008363","C16.320.565.202.607.500",0,"Description: An inborn error of metabolism marked by a defect in<br>the lysosomal isoform of ALPHA-MANNOSIDASE activity that results<br>in lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate<br>metabolites. Virtually all patients have psychomotor retardation,<br>facial coarsening, and some degree of dysostosis multiplex. It is<br>thought to be an autosomal recessive disorder.",""],["alpha-Mannosidosis",260,0.0,"D008363","C16.320.565.595.577.500",0,"Description: An inborn error of metabolism marked by a defect in<br>the lysosomal isoform of ALPHA-MANNOSIDASE activity that results<br>in lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate<br>metabolites. Virtually all patients have psychomotor retardation,<br>facial coarsening, and some degree of dysostosis multiplex. It is<br>thought to be an autosomal recessive disorder.",""],["Microcephaly",3979,0.0,"D008831","C16.131.666.507.400.500",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which the CEREBRUM is<br>underdeveloped, the fontanels close prematurely, and, as a<br>result, the head is small. (Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd<br>ed.)",""],["Micrognathism",905,0.0,"D008844","C16.131.850.500.460.457",0,"Description: Abnormally small jaw.",""],["Mucolipidoses",1037,0.0,"D009081","C16.320.565.189.435.590",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic diseases<br>characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and/or glycolipids in<br>visceral and mesenchymal cells. Abnormal amounts of sphingolipids<br>or glycolipids are present in neural tissue. INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and skeletal changes, most notably dysostosis<br>multiplex, occur frequently. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, pp36-7)",""],["Mucolipidoses",1037,0.0,"D009081","C16.320.565.595.554.590",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic diseases<br>characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and/or glycolipids in<br>visceral and mesenchymal cells. Abnormal amounts of sphingolipids<br>or glycolipids are present in neural tissue. INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and skeletal changes, most notably dysostosis<br>multiplex, occur frequently. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, pp36-7)",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis III",716,0.0,"D009084","C16.320.565.202.715.650",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by heparitin<br>sulfate in the urine, progressive mental retardation, mild<br>dwarfism, and other skeletal disorders. There are four clinically<br>indistinguishable but biochemically distinct forms, each due to a<br>deficiency of a different enzyme.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis III",716,0.0,"D009084","C16.320.565.595.600.650",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by heparitin<br>sulfate in the urine, progressive mental retardation, mild<br>dwarfism, and other skeletal disorders. There are four clinically<br>indistinguishable but biochemically distinct forms, each due to a<br>deficiency of a different enzyme.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis IV",1056,0.0,"D009085","C16.320.565.202.715.655",0,"Description: Genetic disorder of mucopolysaccharide metabolism<br>characterized by skeletal abnormalities, joint instability,<br>development of cervical myelopathy, and excessive urinary keratan<br>sulfate. There are two biochemically distinct forms, each due to<br>a deficiency of a different enzyme.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis IV",1056,0.0,"D009085","C16.320.565.595.600.655",0,"Description: Genetic disorder of mucopolysaccharide metabolism<br>characterized by skeletal abnormalities, joint instability,<br>development of cervical myelopathy, and excessive urinary keratan<br>sulfate. There are two biochemically distinct forms, each due to<br>a deficiency of a different enzyme.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis VI",462,0.0,"D009087","C16.320.565.202.715.670",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis with excessive CHONDROITIN<br>SULFATE B in urine, characterized by dwarfism and deafness. It is<br>caused by a deficiency of N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE-4-SULFATASE<br>(arylsulfatase B).",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis VI",462,0.0,"D009087","C16.320.565.595.600.670",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis with excessive CHONDROITIN<br>SULFATE B in urine, characterized by dwarfism and deafness. It is<br>caused by a deficiency of N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE-4-SULFATASE<br>(arylsulfatase B).",""],["Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses",2379,0.0,"D009472","C16.320.565.398.641.509",0,"Description: A group of severe neurodegenerative diseases<br>characterized by intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent<br>wax-like lipid materials (CEROID; LIPOFUSCIN) in neurons. There<br>are several subtypes based on mutations of the various genes,<br>time of disease onset, and severity of the neurological defects<br>such as progressive DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; and visual failure.",""],["Pierre Robin Syndrome",1344,0.0,"D010855","C16.131.850.500.460.606",0,"Description: Congenital malformation characterized by<br>MICROGNATHIA or RETROGNATHIA; GLOSSOPTOSIS and CLEFT PALATE. The<br>mandibular abnormalities often result in difficulties in sucking<br>and swallowing. The syndrome may be isolated or associated with<br>other syndromes (e.g., ANDERSEN SYNDROME; CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA).<br>Developmental mis-expression of SOX9 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR gene on<br>chromosome 17q and its surrounding region is associated with the<br>syndrome.",""],["Poland Syndrome",503,0.0,"D011045","C16.131.621.585.800.756",0,"Description: A syndrome which is characterized by<br>symbrachydactyly and aplasia of the sternal head of pectoralis<br>major.",""],["Poland Syndrome",503,0.0,"D011045","C16.131.621.906.819.756",0,"Description: A syndrome which is characterized by<br>symbrachydactyly and aplasia of the sternal head of pectoralis<br>major.",""],["Prognathism",2092,0.0,"D011378","C16.131.850.500.460.655",0,"Description: A condition marked by abnormal protrusion of the<br>mandible. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism",242,0.0,"D011556","C16.320.565.618.815.815",0,"Description: A form of PSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM characterized by<br>the same features except for the abnormal response to hormones<br>such as PARATHYROID HORMONE. It is associated with paternally<br>inherited mutant alleles of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G<br>PROTEIN.",""],["Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome",153,0.0,"D012779","C16.131.621.585.600.750",0,"Description: A syndrome inherited as an autosomal recessive trait<br>and incompatible with life. The main features are narrow thorax,<br>short ribs, scapular and pelvic dysplasia, and polydactyly.",""],["Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome",1607,0.0,"D013734","C16.131.939.316.096.500",0,"Description: A disorder of sexual development transmitted as an<br>X-linked recessive trait. These patients have a karyotype of<br>46,XY with end-organ resistance to androgen due to mutations in<br>the androgen receptor (RECEPTORS, ANDROGEN) gene. Severity of the<br>defect in receptor quantity or quality correlates with their<br>phenotypes. In these genetic males, the phenotypic spectrum<br>ranges from those with normal female external genitalia, through<br>those with genital ambiguity as in Reifenstein Syndrome, to that<br>of a normal male with INFERTILITY.",""],["Tuberous Sclerosis",6221,0.1,"D014402","C16.131.666.507.400.750",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome<br>classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and<br>skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules).<br>There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic<br>manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and<br>HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart,<br>kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that<br>encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with<br>the disease.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.1,"D014424","C16.131.260.830.835.750",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.1,"D014424","C16.131.939.316.309.872",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.1,"D014424","C16.131.939.316.795.750",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.1,"D014424","C16.320.180.830.835.750",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Hydrops Fetalis",1822,0.0,"D015160","C16.320.365.826.100.350",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more<br>fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA;<br>PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-<br>immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of<br>ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.",""],["Arthritis, Gouty",1487,0.0,"D015210","C16.320.565.798.368.410",0,"Description: Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result<br>of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma,<br>infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually<br>monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute<br>and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of<br>MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints.",""],["Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease",460,0.0,"D015217","C16.320.565.398.641.201",1,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations<br>in the gene for acid lipase (STEROL ESTERASE). It is<br>characterized by the accumulation of neutral lipids, particularly<br>CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes, fibroblasts, and hepatocytes.",""],["Wolman Disease",298,0.0,"D015223","C16.320.565.595.201.500",0,"Description: The severe infantile form of inherited lysosomal<br>lipid storage diseases due to deficiency of acid lipase (STEROL<br>ESTERASE). It is characterized by the accumulation of neutral<br>lipids, particularly CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes,<br>fibroblasts, and hepatocytes. It is also known as Wolman's<br>xanthomatosis and is an allelic variant of CHOLESTEROL ESTER<br>STORAGE DISEASE.",""],["Fructose-1,6-Diphosphatase Deficiency",104,0.0,"D015319","C16.320.565.202.251.221",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive fructose metabolism disorder<br>due to absent or deficient fructose-1,6-diphosphatase activity.<br>Gluconeogenesis is impaired, resulting in accumulation of<br>gluconeogenic precursors (e.g., amino acids, lactate, ketones)<br>and manifested as hypoglycemia, ketosis, and lactic acidosis.<br>Episodes in the newborn infant are often lethal. Later episodes<br>are often brought on by fasting and febrile infections. As<br>patients age through early childhood, tolerance to fasting<br>improves and development becomes normal.",""],["Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease",99,0.0,"D015324","C16.320.565.202.810.666",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activity, the enzyme<br>that regulates gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and neurotransmitter<br>synthesis. Clinical manifestations include lactic acidosis,<br>seizures, respiratory distress, marked psychomotor delay,<br>periodic HYPOGLYCEMIA, and hypotonia. The clinical course may be<br>similar to LEIGH DISEASE. (From Am J Hum Genet 1998<br>Jun;62(6):1312-9)",""],["Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease",340,0.0,"D015325","C16.320.565.202.810.766",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient<br>enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX, resulting<br>in deficiency of acetyl CoA and reduced synthesis of<br>acetylcholine. Two clinical forms are recognized: neonatal and<br>juvenile. The neonatal form is a relatively common cause of<br>lactic acidosis in the first weeks of life and may also feature<br>an erythematous rash. The juvenile form presents with lactic<br>acidosis, alopecia, intermittent ATAXIA; SEIZURES; and an<br>erythematous rash. (From J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(4):452-62)<br>Autosomal recessive and X-linked forms are caused by mutations in<br>the genes for the three different enzyme components of this<br>multisubunit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. One of the mutations<br>at Xp22.2-p22.1 in the gene for the E1 alpha component of the<br>complex leads to LEIGH DISEASE.",""],["Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome",278,0.0,"D016111","C16.320.565.398.641.723",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder<br>characterized by severe ichthyosis MENTAL RETARDATION; SPASTIC<br>PARAPLEGIA; and congenital ICHTHYOSIS. It is caused by mutation<br>of gene encoding microsomal fatty ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE leading<br>to defect in fatty alcohol metabolism.",""],["Albinism, Oculocutaneous",1293,0.0,"D016115","C16.320.565.100.102.100",1,"Description: Heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders<br>comprising at least four recognized types, all having in common<br>varying degrees of hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes.<br>The two most common are the tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-<br>negative types.",""],["Piebaldism",284,0.0,"D016116","C16.320.565.100.102.600",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant, congenital disorder<br>characterized by localized hypomelanosis of the skin and hair.<br>The most familiar feature is a white forelock presenting in 80 to<br>90 percent of the patients. The underlying defect is possibly<br>related to the differentiation and migration of melanoblasts, as<br>well as to defective development of the neural crest<br>(neurocristopathy). Piebaldism may be closely related to<br>WAARDENBURG SYNDROME.",""],["Albinism, Ocular",325,0.0,"D016117","C16.320.565.100.102.090",0,"Description: Albinism affecting the eye in which pigment of the<br>hair and skin is normal or only slightly diluted. The classic<br>type is X-linked (Nettleship-Falls), but an autosomal recessive<br>form also exists. Ocular abnormalities may include reduced<br>pigmentation of the iris, nystagmus, photophobia, strabismus, and<br>decreased visual acuity.",""],["Spina Bifida Occulta",1607,0.0,"D016136","C16.131.666.680.800.750",0,"Description: A common congenital midline defect of fusion of the<br>vertebral arch without protrusion of the spinal cord or meninges.<br>The lesion is also covered by skin. L5 and S1 are the most common<br>vertebrae involved. The condition may be associated with an<br>overlying area of hyperpigmented skin, a dermal sinus, or an<br>abnormal patch of hair. The majority of individuals with this<br>malformation are asymptomatic although there is an increased<br>incidence of tethered cord syndrome and lumbar SPONDYLOSIS. (From<br>Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p34)",""],["Spina Bifida Cystica",322,0.0,"D016137","C16.131.666.680.800.730",0,"Description: A form of spinal dysraphism associated with a<br>protruding cyst made up of either meninges (i.e., a MENINGOCELE)<br>or meninges in combination with spinal cord tissue (i.e., a<br>MENINGOMYELOCELE). These lesions are frequently associated with<br>spinal cord dysfunction, HYDROCEPHALUS, and SYRINGOMYELIA. (From<br>Davis et al., Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp224-5)",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis II",1142,0.0,"D016532","C16.320.565.202.715.645",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease marked by<br>progressive physical deterioration and caused by a deficiency of<br>L-sulfoiduronate sulfatase. This disease differs from<br>MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS I by slower progression, lack of corneal<br>clouding, and X-linked rather than autosomal recessive<br>inheritance. The mild form produces near-normal intelligence and<br>life span. The severe form usually causes death by age 15.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis II",1142,0.0,"D016532","C16.320.565.595.600.645",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease marked by<br>progressive physical deterioration and caused by a deficiency of<br>L-sulfoiduronate sulfatase. This disease differs from<br>MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS I by slower progression, lack of corneal<br>clouding, and X-linked rather than autosomal recessive<br>inheritance. The mild form produces near-normal intelligence and<br>life span. The severe form usually causes death by age 15.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis VII",313,0.0,"D016538","C16.320.565.202.715.675",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by excessive<br>dermatan and heparan sulfates in the urine and Hurler-like<br>features. It is caused by a deficiency of beta-glucuronidase.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis VII",313,0.0,"D016538","C16.320.565.595.600.675",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by excessive<br>dermatan and heparan sulfates in the urine and Hurler-like<br>features. It is caused by a deficiency of beta-glucuronidase.",""],["Phenylketonuria, Maternal",141,0.0,"D017042","C16.320.565.100.766.500",0,"Description: A condition occurring in untreated or partially<br>treated females with PHENYLKETONURIA when they become pregnant.<br>This may result in damages to the FETUS, including MICROCEPHALY;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; congenital heart disease; FETAL GROWTH<br>RETARDATION; and CRANIOFACIAL ABNORMALITIES. (From Am J Med Genet<br>1997 Mar 3;69(1):89-95)",""],["Phenylketonuria, Maternal",141,0.0,"D017042","C16.320.565.189.687.500",0,"Description: A condition occurring in untreated or partially<br>treated females with PHENYLKETONURIA when they become pregnant.<br>This may result in damages to the FETUS, including MICROCEPHALY;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; congenital heart disease; FETAL GROWTH<br>RETARDATION; and CRANIOFACIAL ABNORMALITIES. (From Am J Med Genet<br>1997 Mar 3;69(1):89-95)",""],["Kallmann Syndrome",579,0.0,"D017436","C16.131.939.316.096.750",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by<br>hypothalamic GNRH deficiency and OLFACTORY NERVE defects. It is<br>characterized by congenital HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM and<br>ANOSMIA, possibly with additional midline defects. It can be<br>transmitted as an X-linked (GENETIC DISEASES, X-LINKED), an<br>autosomal dominant, or an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic",377,0.0,"D017488","C16.131.831.512.400.375",0,"Description: A form of congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant trait and characterized by ERYTHRODERMA and<br>severe hyperkeratosis. It is manifested at birth by blisters<br>followed by the appearance of thickened, horny, verruciform<br>scales over the entire body, but accentuated in flexural areas.<br>Mutations in the genes that encode KERATIN-1 and KERATIN-10 have<br>been associated with this disorder.",""],["Ichthyosis, Lamellar",906,0.0,"D017490","C16.131.831.512.400.410",0,"Description: A chronic, congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal recessive trait. Infants are usually born encased in a<br>collodion membrane which sheds within a few weeks. Scaling is<br>generalized and marked with grayish-brown quadrilateral scales,<br>adherent at their centers and free at the edges. In some cases,<br>scales are so thick that they resemble armored plate.",""],["Hyperandrogenism",1604,0.0,"D017588","C16.131.939.316.064.500",0,"Description: A condition caused by the excessive secretion of<br>ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES.<br>The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the<br>common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in<br>patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL<br>HYPERFUNCTION.",""],["Hyperandrogenism",1604,0.0,"D017588","C16.131.939.316.129.750",0,"Description: A condition caused by the excessive secretion of<br>ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES.<br>The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the<br>common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in<br>patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL<br>HYPERFUNCTION.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C16.131.939.316.096.875",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Canavan Disease",311,0.0,"D017825","C16.320.565.189.362.375",0,"Description: A rare neurodegenerative condition of infancy or<br>childhood characterized by white matter vacuolization and<br>demeylination that gives rise to a spongy appearance.<br>Aspartoacylase deficiency leads to an accumulation of<br>N-acetylaspartate in astrocytes. Inheritance may be autosomal<br>recessive or the illness may occur sporadically. This illness<br>occurs more frequently in individuals of Ashkenazic Jewish<br>descent. The neonatal form features the onset of hypotonia and<br>lethargy at birth, rapidly progressing to coma and death. The<br>infantile form features developmental delay, DYSKINESIAS,<br>hypotonia, spasticity, blindness, and megalencephaly. The<br>juvenile form is characterized by ATAXIA; OPTIC ATROPHY; and<br>DEMENTIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p944; Am J Med Genet 1988 Feb;29(2):463-71)",""],["Machado-Joseph Disease",1011,0.0,"D017827","C16.320.400.780.875.500",0,"Description: A dominantly-inherited ATAXIA first described in<br>people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subsequently<br>identified in Brazil, Japan, China, and Australia. This disorder<br>is classified as one of the SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIAS (Type 3) and<br>has been associated with a mutation of the MJD1 gene on<br>chromosome 14. Clinical features include progressive ataxia,<br>DYSARTHRIA, postural instability, nystagmus, eyelid retraction,<br>and facial FASCICULATIONS. DYSTONIA is prominent in younger<br>patients (referred to as Type I Machado-Joseph Disease). Type II<br>features ataxia and ocular signs; Type III features MUSCULAR<br>ATROPHY and a sensorimotor neuropathy; and Type IV features<br>extrapyramidal signs combined with a sensorimotor neuropathy.<br>(From Clin Neurosci 1995;3(1):17-22; Ann Neurol 1998<br>Mar;43(3):288-96)",""],["Citrullinemia",353,0.0,"D020159","C16.320.565.100.940.374",0,"Description: A group of diseases related to a deficiency of the<br>enzyme ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHASE which causes an elevation of<br>serum levels of CITRULLINE. In neonates, clinical manifestations<br>include lethargy, hypotonia, and SEIZURES. Milder forms also<br>occur. Childhood and adult forms may present with recurrent<br>episodes of intermittent weakness, lethargy, ATAXIA, behavioral<br>changes, and DYSARTHRIA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p49)",""],["Citrullinemia",353,0.0,"D020159","C16.320.565.189.937.374",0,"Description: A group of diseases related to a deficiency of the<br>enzyme ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHASE which causes an elevation of<br>serum levels of CITRULLINE. In neonates, clinical manifestations<br>include lethargy, hypotonia, and SEIZURES. Milder forms also<br>occur. Childhood and adult forms may present with recurrent<br>episodes of intermittent weakness, lethargy, ATAXIA, behavioral<br>changes, and DYSARTHRIA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p49)",""],["Hyperargininemia",173,0.0,"D020162","C16.320.565.100.940.500",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea<br>cycle. It is caused by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme<br>ARGINASE. Arginine is elevated in the blood and cerebrospinal<br>fluid, and periodic HYPERAMMONEMIA may occur. Disease onset is<br>usually in infancy or early childhood. Clinical manifestations<br>include seizures, microcephaly, progressive mental impairment,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, spastic diplegia, and quadriparesis. (From Hum<br>Genet 1993 Mar;91(1):1-5; Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p51)",""],["Hyperargininemia",173,0.0,"D020162","C16.320.565.189.937.500",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea<br>cycle. It is caused by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme<br>ARGINASE. Arginine is elevated in the blood and cerebrospinal<br>fluid, and periodic HYPERAMMONEMIA may occur. Disease onset is<br>usually in infancy or early childhood. Clinical manifestations<br>include seizures, microcephaly, progressive mental impairment,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, spastic diplegia, and quadriparesis. (From Hum<br>Genet 1993 Mar;91(1):1-5; Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p51)",""],["Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease",839,0.0,"D020163","C16.320.565.100.940.750",0,"Description: An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with<br>deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE,<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and featuring elevations of<br>amino acids and ammonia in the serum. Clinical features, which<br>are more prominent in males, include seizures, behavioral<br>alterations, episodic vomiting, lethargy, and coma. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp49-50)",""],["Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease",839,0.0,"D020163","C16.320.565.189.937.750",0,"Description: An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with<br>deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE,<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and featuring elevations of<br>amino acids and ammonia in the serum. Clinical features, which<br>are more prominent in males, include seizures, behavioral<br>alterations, episodic vomiting, lethargy, and coma. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp49-50)",""],["Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease",116,0.0,"D020165","C16.320.565.100.940.249",0,"Description: A urea cycle disorder manifesting in infancy as<br>lethargy, emesis, seizures, alterations of muscle tone, abnormal<br>eye movements, and an elevation of serum ammonia. The disorder is<br>caused by a reduction in the activity of hepatic mitochondrial<br>CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (AMMONIA). (Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp50-1)",""],["Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease",116,0.0,"D020165","C16.320.565.189.937.249",0,"Description: A urea cycle disorder manifesting in infancy as<br>lethargy, emesis, seizures, alterations of muscle tone, abnormal<br>eye movements, and an elevation of serum ammonia. The disorder is<br>caused by a reduction in the activity of hepatic mitochondrial<br>CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (AMMONIA). (Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp50-1)",""],["Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease",350,0.0,"D020371","C16.320.565.189.362.775",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive disorder of myelin<br>formation. Subtypes are referred to as classic, congenital,<br>transitional, and adult forms of this disease. The classic form<br>is X-chromosome linked, has its onset in infancy and is<br>associated with a mutation of the proteolipid protein gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include TREMOR, spasmus nutans, roving<br>eye movements, ATAXIA, spasticity, and NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL.<br>Death occurs by the third decade of life. The congenital form has<br>similar characteristics but presents early in infancy and<br>features rapid disease progression. Transitional and adult<br>subtypes have a later onset and less severe symptomatology.<br>Pathologic features include patchy areas of demyelination with<br>preservation of perivascular islands (trigoid appearance). (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p190)",""],["Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Periodic",126,0.0,"D020513","C16.320.565.618.711.600",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial disorder which<br>presents in infancy or childhood and is characterized by episodes<br>of weakness associated with hyperkalemia. During attacks, muscles<br>of the lower extremities are initially affected, followed by the<br>lower trunk and arms. Episodes last from 15-60 minutes and<br>typically occur after a period of rest following exercise. A<br>defect in skeletal muscle sodium channels has been identified as<br>the cause of this condition. Normokalemic periodic paralysis is a<br>closely related disorder marked by a lack of alterations in<br>potassium levels during attacks of weakness. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1481)",""],["Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis",614,0.0,"D020514","C16.320.565.618.711.550",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial disorder<br>characterized by recurrent episodes of skeletal muscle weakness<br>associated with falls in serum potassium levels. The condition<br>usually presents in the first or second decade of life with<br>attacks of trunk and leg paresis during sleep or shortly after<br>awakening. Symptoms may persist for hours to days and generally<br>are precipitated by exercise or a meal high in carbohydrates.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1483)",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C16.320.290.040.100.400",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C16.320.850.080.100.400",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX",150,0.0,"D023961","C16.131.939.316.064.249",0,"Description: The 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis may be sporadic or<br>familial. Familial XX gonadal dysgenesis is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive trait and its locus was mapped to chromosome<br>2. Mutation in the gene for the FSH receptor (RECEPTORS, FSH) was<br>detected. Sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis is heterogeneous and has<br>been associated with trisomy-13 and trisomy-18. These phenotypic<br>females are characterized by a normal stature, sexual<br>infantilism, bilateral streak gonads, amenorrhea, elevated plasma<br>LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH concentration.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX",150,0.0,"D023961","C16.131.939.316.309.193",0,"Description: The 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis may be sporadic or<br>familial. Familial XX gonadal dysgenesis is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive trait and its locus was mapped to chromosome<br>2. Mutation in the gene for the FSH receptor (RECEPTORS, FSH) was<br>detected. Sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis is heterogeneous and has<br>been associated with trisomy-13 and trisomy-18. These phenotypic<br>females are characterized by a normal stature, sexual<br>infantilism, bilateral streak gonads, amenorrhea, elevated plasma<br>LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH concentration.",""],["Biotinidase Deficiency",311,0.0,"D028921","C16.320.565.100.620.100",0,"Description: The late onset form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE<br>DEFICIENCY (deficiency of the activities of biotin-dependent<br>enzymes propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA<br>carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to a defect or<br>deficiency in biotinidase which is essential for recycling<br>BIOTIN.",""],["Biotinidase Deficiency",311,0.0,"D028921","C16.320.565.202.720.100",0,"Description: The late onset form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE<br>DEFICIENCY (deficiency of the activities of biotin-dependent<br>enzymes propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA<br>carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to a defect or<br>deficiency in biotinidase which is essential for recycling<br>BIOTIN.",""],["Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency",38,0.0,"D028922","C16.320.565.100.620.380",0,"Description: The neonatal form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE DEFICIENCY<br>that is caused by a defect or deficiency in holocarboxylase<br>synthetase. HLCS is the enzyme that covalently links biotin to<br>the biotin dependent carboxylases (propionyl-CoA-carboxylase,<br>pyruvate carboxylase, and beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase).",""],["Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency",38,0.0,"D028922","C16.320.565.202.720.380",0,"Description: The neonatal form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE DEFICIENCY<br>that is caused by a defect or deficiency in holocarboxylase<br>synthetase. HLCS is the enzyme that covalently links biotin to<br>the biotin dependent carboxylases (propionyl-CoA-carboxylase,<br>pyruvate carboxylase, and beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase).",""],["Sialic Acid Storage Disease",87,0.0,"D029461","C16.320.565.189.435.810",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders<br>caused by lysosomal membrane transport defects that result in<br>accumulation of free sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) within<br>the lysosomes. The two main clinical phenotypes, which are<br>allelic variants of the SLC17A5 gene, are ISSD, a severe<br>infantile form, or Salla disease, a slowly progressive adult<br>form, named for the geographic area in Finland where the kindred<br>first studied resided.",""],["Sialic Acid Storage Disease",87,0.0,"D029461","C16.320.565.595.554.810",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders<br>caused by lysosomal membrane transport defects that result in<br>accumulation of free sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) within<br>the lysosomes. The two main clinical phenotypes, which are<br>allelic variants of the SLC17A5 gene, are ISSD, a severe<br>infantile form, or Salla disease, a slowly progressive adult<br>form, named for the geographic area in Finland where the kindred<br>first studied resided.",""],["Jervell-Lange Nielsen Syndrome",128,0.0,"D029593","C16.131.240.400.715.440",0,"Description: A form of long QT syndrome that is associated with<br>congenital deafness. It is characterized by abnormal<br>cardioelectrophysiology involving the VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM<br>CHANNEL. It results from mutation of KCNQ1 gene (Subtype 1 or<br>JLN1) or the KCNE1 gene (Subtype 2 or JLN2).",""],["Romano-Ward Syndrome",168,0.0,"D029597","C16.131.240.400.715.720",0,"Description: A form of long QT syndrome that is without<br>congenital deafness. It is caused by mutation of the KCNQ1 gene<br>which encodes a protein in the VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C16.131.939.316.096.562",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Alexander Disease",380,0.0,"D038261","C16.320.565.189.362.312",0,"Description: Rare leukoencephalopathy with infantile-onset<br>accumulation of Rosenthal fibers in the subpial, periventricular,<br>and subependymal zones of the brain. Rosenthal fibers are GLIAL<br>FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN aggregates found in ASTROCYTES.<br>Juvenile- and adult-onset types show progressive atrophy of the<br>lower brainstem instead. De novo mutations in the GFAP gene are<br>associated with the disease with propensity for paternal<br>inheritance.",""],["beta-Mannosidosis",19,0.0,"D044905","C16.320.565.202.607.750",0,"Description: An inborn error of metabolism marked by a defect in<br>the lysosomal isoform of BETA-MANNOSIDASE that results in<br>lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate metabolites<br>containing 1,4-beta linkages. The human disease occurs through<br>autosomal recessive inheritance and manifests in the form of a<br>variety of symptoms that depend upon the type of gene mutation.",""],["beta-Mannosidosis",19,0.0,"D044905","C16.320.565.595.577.750",0,"Description: An inborn error of metabolism marked by a defect in<br>the lysosomal isoform of BETA-MANNOSIDASE that results in<br>lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate metabolites<br>containing 1,4-beta linkages. The human disease occurs through<br>autosomal recessive inheritance and manifests in the form of a<br>variety of symptoms that depend upon the type of gene mutation.",""],["Plagiocephaly, Nonsynostotic",376,0.0,"D049068","C16.131.621.207.707.624",0,"Description: A deformity of the SKULL that is not due to bone<br>fusion (SYNOSTOSIS), such as craniosynostoses, and is<br>characterized by an asymmetric skull and face. It is observed<br>with an increased frequency in INFANTS after the adoption of<br>supine sleeping recommendations to prevent SUDDEN INFANT DEATH<br>SYNDROME.",""],["Andersen Syndrome",185,0.0,"D050030","C16.131.240.400.715.070",0,"Description: A form of inherited long QT syndrome (or LQT7) that<br>is characterized by a triad of potassium-sensitive periodic<br>paralysis, VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC BEATS, and abnormal features such<br>as short stature, low-set ears, and SCOLIOSIS. It results from<br>mutations of KCNJ2 gene which encodes a channel protein (INWARD<br>RECTIFIER POTASSIUM CHANNELS) that regulates resting membrane<br>potential.",""],["Sexual Infantilism",270,0.0,"D050035","C16.131.939.316.309.631",0,"Description: The permanent lack of SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT in an<br>individual. This defect is usually observed at an age after<br>expected PUBERTY.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb",215,0.0,"D052120","C16.320.565.202.449.510",0,"Description: An X-linked dominant multisystem disorder resulting<br>in cardiomyopathy, myopathy and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. It is<br>caused by mutation in the gene encoding LYSOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED<br>MEMBRANE PROTEIN 2.",""],["Frasier Syndrome",43,0.0,"D052159","C16.131.939.316.096.624",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE<br>and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of<br>46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is<br>caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor<br>gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C16.320.565.618.544.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Epidermolytic",63,0.0,"D053546","C16.320.850.475.440.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant hereditary skin disease<br>characterized by epidermolytic hyperkeratosis that is strictly<br>confined to the palms and soles. It has been associated with<br>mutations in the gene that codes for KERATIN-9.",""],["Vein of Galen Malformations",266,0.0,"D054080","C16.131.666.190.500.500",0,"Description: Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the<br>VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of the brain. The<br>rush of arterial blood directly into the vein of Galen, without<br>passing through the CAPILLARIES, can overwhelm the heart and lead<br>to CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.",""],["Lissencephaly",582,0.0,"D054082","C16.131.666.507.450.499",3,"Description: A smooth brain malformation of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>resulting from the abnormal location of developing neurons during<br>corticogenesis. It is characterized by an absence of normal<br>convoluted indentations on the surface of the brain (agyria), or<br>fewer and shallower indentations (pachygryia). There is a reduced<br>number of cortical layers, typically 4 instead of 6, resulting in<br>a thickened cortex, and reduced cerebral white matter that is a<br>reversal of the normal ratio of cerebral white matter to cortex.",""],["Myocardial Bridging",514,0.0,"D054084","C16.131.240.400.210.500",0,"Description: A malformation that is characterized by a muscle<br>bridge over a segment of the CORONARY ARTERIES. Systolic<br>contractions of the muscle bridge can lead to narrowing of<br>coronary artery; coronary compression; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA;<br>MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH.",""],["Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia",224,0.0,"D054091","C16.131.666.507.450.750",0,"Description: A disorder resulting from a defect in the pattern of<br>neuronal migration in which ectopic collections of neurons lie<br>along the lateral ventricles of the brain or just beneath,<br>contiguously or in isolated patches.",""],["Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias",182,0.0,"D054221","C16.131.666.507.450.230",0,"Description: Disorders comprising a spectrum of brain<br>malformations representing the paradigm of a diffuse neuronal<br>migration disorder. They result in cognitive impairment;<br>SEIZURES; and HYPOTONIA or spasticity. Mutations of two genes,<br>LIS1, the gene for the non-catalytic subunit of PLATELET-<br>ACTIVATING FACTOR ACETYLHYDROLASE IB; and DCX or XLIS, the gene<br>for doublecortin, have been identified as the most common causes<br>of disorders in this spectrum. Additional variants of classical<br>(Type I) lissencephaly have been linked to RELN, the gene for<br>reelin, and ARX, the gene for aristaless related homeobox<br>protein. (From Leventer, R.J., et al, Mol Med Today. 2000<br>Jul;6(7):277-84 and Barkovich, A.J., et al, Neurology. 2005 Dec<br>27;65(12):1873-87.)",""],["Cobblestone Lissencephaly",19,0.0,"D054222","C16.131.666.507.450.249",0,"Description: The smooth pebbled appearance of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>with a thickened cortex and reduced and abnormal white matter,<br>which results from migration of heterotopic neurons beyond the<br>marginal zone into the leptomeninges through gaps in the external<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE. There is also enlarged ventricles,<br>underdeveloped BRAINSTEM and cerebellum, and absence of the<br>CORPUS CALLOSUM. These abnormalities occur as a syndrome without<br>other birth defects (cobblestone complex) or in other syndromes<br>associated with congenital MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, often involving<br>the eye, such as the Walker-Warburg Syndrome, Fukuyama congenital<br>muscular dystrophy, and muscle-eye-brain disease.",""],["Pallister-Hall Syndrome",43,0.0,"D054975","C16.131.621.585.600.374",0,"Description: A pleiotropic disorder of human development that<br>comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and postaxial<br>POLYDACTYLY; bifid EPIGLOTTIS; ANAL ATRESIA; and renal and other<br>abnormalities. This disorder is associated with FRAMESHIFT<br>MUTATIONS in the GLI3 gene which encodes the GLI3 protein, a<br>KRUPPEL-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS family member.",""],["Muir-Torre Syndrome",199,0.0,"D055653","C16.320.700.250.500.500",0,"Description: A form of LYNCH SYNDROME II associated with<br>cutaneous SEBACEOUS GLAND NEOPLASMS. Muir-Torre syndrome is also<br>associated with other visceral malignant diseases include<br>colorectal, endometrial, urological, and upper gastrointestinal<br>neoplasms.",""],["Netherton Syndrome",195,0.0,"D056770","C16.131.831.512.400.705",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease with variable<br>expressions. Clinical features of the disease include variable<br>ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA, CONGENITAL; bamboo hair<br>(trichorrhexis invaginata); and ATOPIC DERMATITIS. The disease is<br>caused by mutations in the SPINK5 gene.",""],["Argininosuccinic Aciduria",135,0.0,"D056807","C16.320.565.100.940.124",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle<br>which leads to the accumulation of argininosuccinic acid in body<br>fluids and severe HYPERAMMONEMIA. Clinical features of the<br>neonatal onset of the disorder include poor feeding, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, tachypnea, coma, and death. Later onset<br>results in milder set of clinical features including vomiting,<br>failure to thrive, irritability, behavioral problems, or<br>psychomotor retardation. Mutations in the ARGININOSUCCINATE LYASE<br>gene cause the disorder.",""],["Argininosuccinic Aciduria",135,0.0,"D056807","C16.320.565.189.937.124",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle<br>which leads to the accumulation of argininosuccinic acid in body<br>fluids and severe HYPERAMMONEMIA. Clinical features of the<br>neonatal onset of the disorder include poor feeding, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, tachypnea, coma, and death. Later onset<br>results in milder set of clinical features including vomiting,<br>failure to thrive, irritability, behavioral problems, or<br>psychomotor retardation. Mutations in the ARGININOSUCCINATE LYASE<br>gene cause the disorder.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C16.131.621.585.800.428",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C16.131.621.906.819.428",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development",53,0.0,"D058531","C16.131.939.316.064.124",0,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals in which male<br>GONADS develop in a genetic female (female to male sex reversal).",""],["Megalencephaly",463,0.0,"D058627","C16.131.666.507.400.249",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which the<br>occipitofrontal circumference is greater than two standard<br>deviations above the mean for a given age. It is associated with<br>HYDROCEPHALUS; SUBDURAL EFFUSION; ARACHNOID CYSTS; or is part of<br>a genetic condition (e.g., ALEXANDER DISEASE; SOTOS SYNDROME).",""],["Steatocystoma Multiplex",75,0.0,"D062685","C16.131.831.350.856.500",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by multiple, wide spread<br>cutaneous cysts that often become inflamed and rupture. It is<br>caused by the same mutations in the gene coding for KRT-17 that<br>are causative mutations for Pachyonychia congenita, Type 2. Natal<br>teeth involvement is sometimes associated with steatocystoma<br>multiplex.",""],["Steatocystoma Multiplex",75,0.0,"D062685","C16.320.850.250.856.500",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by multiple, wide spread<br>cutaneous cysts that often become inflamed and rupture. It is<br>caused by the same mutations in the gene coding for KRT-17 that<br>are causative mutations for Pachyonychia congenita, Type 2. Natal<br>teeth involvement is sometimes associated with steatocystoma<br>multiplex.",""],["Dentofacial Deformities",209,0.0,"D063169","C16.131.621.207.540.315",0,"Description: An abnormality of the jaws or teeth affecting the<br>contour of the face. Such abnormality could be acquired or<br>congenital.",""],["Retrognathia",879,0.0,"D063173","C16.131.850.500.460.827",0,"Description: A physical misalignment of the upper (maxilla) and<br>lower (mandibular) jaw bones in which either or both recede<br>relative to the frontal plane of the forehead.",""],["Bland White Garland Syndrome",206,0.0,"D063748","C16.131.240.400.210.249",0,"Description: A congenital coronary vessel anomaly in which the<br>left main CORONARY ARTERY originates from the PULMONARY ARTERY<br>instead of from AORTA. The congenital heart defect typically<br>results in coronary artery FISTULA; LEFT-SIDED HEART FAILURE and<br>MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY during the first months of life.",""],["Bland White Garland Syndrome",206,0.0,"D063748","C16.131.240.850.500.500",0,"Description: A congenital coronary vessel anomaly in which the<br>left main CORONARY ARTERY originates from the PULMONARY ARTERY<br>instead of from AORTA. The congenital heart defect typically<br>results in coronary artery FISTULA; LEFT-SIDED HEART FAILURE and<br>MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY during the first months of life.",""],["Hemimegalencephaly",62,0.0,"D065705","C16.131.621.207.532.500",0,"Description: Rare MALFORMATIONS OF CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT, GROUP I<br>characterized by the enlargement of one side of the brain. It is<br>associated with seizures, partial paralysis, and mental<br>retardation.",""],["Polymicrogyria",160,0.0,"D065706","C16.131.666.507.500.500",0,"Description: Heterogeneous disorders of cortical malformation<br>characterized by excessive and small fused gyri and shallow sulci<br>of the CORTEX with abnormal cortical lamination. It is considered<br>a malformation secondary to abnormal post-migrational development<br>of the neurons during cerebral cortical development and is<br>associated with EPILEPSY and learning difficulties.",""],["Schizencephaly",57,0.0,"D065707","C16.131.666.507.500.750",0,"Description: Cortical malformations characterized by grey matter-<br>lined cleft or cyst that extends from the EPENDYMA often to the<br>PIA MATER outer surface. The grey matter that lines the cleft is<br>often POLYMICROGYRIA. It is associated with developmental delay,<br>motor disturbance and seizures.",""],["Porencephaly",84,0.0,"D065708","C16.131.621.207.620.500",0,"Description: Cortical malformations characterized by white<br>matter-lined cleft or cyst associated with ISCHEMIA and<br>hemorrhagic insults. Symptoms include delayed growth and<br>development, HYPOTONIA; SEIZURES; SPASTIC HEMIPLEGIA and<br>MACROCEPHALY; MICROCEPHALY; or HYDROCEPHALUS. Mutations in the<br>genes encoding COLLAGEN TYPE IV are associated with familial<br>types.",""],["Porencephaly",84,0.0,"D065708","C16.131.666.507.500.625",0,"Description: Cortical malformations characterized by white<br>matter-lined cleft or cyst associated with ISCHEMIA and<br>hemorrhagic insults. Symptoms include delayed growth and<br>development, HYPOTONIA; SEIZURES; SPASTIC HEMIPLEGIA and<br>MACROCEPHALY; MICROCEPHALY; or HYDROCEPHALUS. Mutations in the<br>genes encoding COLLAGEN TYPE IV are associated with familial<br>types.",""],["Hypolipoproteinemias",2201,0.0,"D007009","C16.320.565.398.500",5,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of<br>LIPOPROTEINS in the blood. This may involve any of the<br>lipoprotein subclasses, including ALPHA-LIPOPROTEINS (high-<br>density lipoproteins); BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low-density<br>lipoproteins); and PREBETA-LIPOPROTEINS (very-low-density<br>lipoproteins).",""],["Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital",9214,0.1,"D038061","C16.131.621.585.512",7,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the LOWER<br>EXTREMITY.",""],["Tarsal Coalition",83,0.0,"D000070604","C16.131.621.906.909",0,"Description: Congenital, complete or partial fusion of the TARSAL<br>BONES of the foot. PES PLANUS is usually a feature.",""],["Trisomy 13 Syndrome",138,0.0,"D000073839","C16.131.240.400.965",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 13. Clinical manifestations include<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS), facial<br>malformations (e.g., CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; COLOBOMA;<br>MICROPHTHALMIA); HYPOTONIA, digit malformations (e.g.,<br>POLYDACTYLY or SYNDACTYLY), and SEIZURES and severe INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY associated with NERVOUS SYSTEM MALFORMATIONS.",""],["Trisomy 18 Syndrome",182,0.0,"D000073842","C16.131.240.400.968",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 18. Clinical manifestations include<br>INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; CLEFT PALATE; CONGENITAL HEART<br>DEFECTS; MICROCEPHALY; MICROGNATHIA and clenched fists with<br>overlapping fingers. Most affected fetuses do not survive to<br>birth. Those who survive through their first year often have<br>severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Vascular Ring",147,0.0,"D000073872","C16.131.240.850.984",0,"Description: Congenital vascular malformation in which the AORTA<br>arch and its branches encircle the TRACHEA and ESOPHAGUS. Signs<br>and symptoms include DYSPNEA; RESPIRATORY SOUNDS, especially with<br>eating, DYSPHAGIA, persistent cough, and GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX<br>or may be asymptomatic. Two most common types are double aortic<br>arch and right aortic arch. It may be associated with other<br>anomalies (e.g., DIGEORGE SYNDROME).",""],["Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome",136,0.0,"D000074742","C16.131.240.850.898",0,"Description: Compression of the CELIAC ARTERY by the median<br>arcuate ligament, a fibrous band of the DIAPHRAGM, causing<br>abdominal pain after eating and weight loss. OMIM: 116870",""],["Coronary Vessel Anomalies",10522,0.1,"D003330","C16.131.240.400.210",3,"Description: Malformations of CORONARY VESSELS, either arteries<br>or veins. Included are anomalous origins of coronary arteries;<br>ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; CORONARY ANEURYSM; MYOCARDIAL BRIDGING;<br>and others.",""],["Univentricular Heart",148,0.0,"D000080039","C16.131.240.400.975",0,"Description: Rare congenital heart malformation with a single<br>ventricle (HEART VENTRICLES) instead of the usual two.",""],["Transposition of Great Vessels",6914,0.1,"D014188","C16.131.240.400.915",2,"Description: A congenital cardiovascular malformation in which<br>the AORTA arises entirely from the RIGHT VENTRICLE, and the<br>PULMONARY ARTERY arises from the LEFT VENTRICLE. Consequently,<br>the pulmonary and the systemic circulations are parallel and not<br>sequential, so that the venous return from the peripheral<br>circulation is re-circulated by the right ventricle via aorta to<br>the systemic circulation without being oxygenated in the lungs.<br>This is a potentially lethal form of heart disease in newborns<br>and infants.",""],["Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease",272,0.0,"D000082882","C16.131.240.400.186",0,"Description: Congenital heart valve defects where the AORTIC<br>VALVE has two instead of normal three cusps. It is often<br>associated with AORTIC REGURGITATION and AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Quadricuspid Aortic Valve",16,0.0,"D000082902","C16.131.240.400.817",0,"Description: Congenital malformation where the AORTIC VALVE has<br>four instead of three cusps. It is often associated with AORTIC<br>REGURGITATION and AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS.",""],["Aortico-Ventricular Tunnel",13,0.0,"D000082903","C16.131.240.400.118",0,"Description: Congenital anomaly characterized by an extra-cardiac<br>channel connecting the AORTA either to the right or left HEART<br>VENTRICLE.",""],["X-Linked Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy",3,0.0,"D000083143","C16.320.322.625.500",0,"Description: Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy associated with<br>mutations on emerin (EMD gene) or four and a half LIM domains 1<br>(FHL1 gene) both located on X chromosome.",""],["X-Linked Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy",3,0.0,"D000083143","C16.320.577.350.500",0,"Description: Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy associated with<br>mutations on emerin (EMD gene) or four and a half LIM domains 1<br>(FHL1 gene) both located on X chromosome.",""],["Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava",51,0.0,"D000083402","C16.131.240.850.902",0,"Description: Finding of the SUPERIOR VENA CAVA on the left<br>instead of the usual right side of the ASCENDING AORTA. In<br>bilateral superior vena cava it is found on both sides.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II",7180,0.1,"D006938","C16.320.565.398.481",1,"Description: A group of familial disorders characterized by<br>elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-<br>beta lipoproteins).",""],["Craniosynostoses",6904,0.1,"D003398","C16.131.621.207.240",1,"Description: Premature closure of one or more CRANIAL SUTURES. It<br>often results in plagiocephaly. Craniosynostoses that involve<br>multiple sutures are sometimes associated with congenital<br>syndromes such as ACROCEPHALOSYNDACTYLIA; and CRANIOFACIAL<br>DYSOSTOSIS.",""],["Syndactyly",3738,0.0,"D013576","C16.131.621.585.800",3,"Description: A congenital anomaly of the hand or foot, marked by<br>the webbing between adjacent fingers or toes. Syndactylies are<br>classified as complete or incomplete by the degree of joining.<br>Syndactylies can also be simple or complex. Simple syndactyly<br>indicates joining of only skin or soft tissue; complex syndactyly<br>marks joining of bony elements.",""],["Craniosynostoses",6904,0.1,"D003398","C16.131.621.906.364",1,"Description: Premature closure of one or more CRANIAL SUTURES. It<br>often results in plagiocephaly. Craniosynostoses that involve<br>multiple sutures are sometimes associated with congenital<br>syndromes such as ACROCEPHALOSYNDACTYLIA; and CRANIOFACIAL<br>DYSOSTOSIS.",""],["Syndactyly",3738,0.0,"D013576","C16.131.621.906.819",3,"Description: A congenital anomaly of the hand or foot, marked by<br>the webbing between adjacent fingers or toes. Syndactylies are<br>classified as complete or incomplete by the degree of joining.<br>Syndactylies can also be simple or complex. Simple syndactyly<br>indicates joining of only skin or soft tissue; complex syndactyly<br>marks joining of bony elements.",""],["Adrenogenital Syndrome",9165,0.1,"D047808","C16.131.939.316.129",2,"Description: Abnormal SEX DIFFERENTIATION or congenital DISORDERS<br>OF SEX DEVELOPMENT caused by abnormal levels of steroid hormones<br>expressed by the GONADS or the ADRENAL GLANDS, such as in<br>CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA and ADRENAL CORTEX NEOPLASMS. Due<br>to abnormal steroid biosynthesis, clinical features include<br>VIRILISM in females; FEMINIZATION in males; or precocious sexual<br>development in children.",""],["Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital",6855,0.1,"D000312","C16.320.565.925.249",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL<br>GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol<br>(HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of<br>precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance,<br>congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting,<br>hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID<br>21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-<br>HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase<br>(3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-<br>REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among<br>others, underlie these disorders.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C16.320.322.500.124",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C16.320.400.525.124",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C16.320.565.189.084",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases",5502,0.1,"D020279","C16.320.565.189.362",6,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by a loss of<br>MYELIN in the central nervous system.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C16.320.565.663.100",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Albinism",3234,0.0,"D000417","C16.320.565.100.102",4,"Description: General term for a number of inherited defects of<br>amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence<br>of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair.",""],["Alkaptonuria",1010,0.0,"D000474","C16.320.565.100.187",0,"Description: An inborn error of amino acid metabolism resulting<br>from a defect in the enzyme HOMOGENTISATE 1,2-DIOXYGENASE, an<br>enzyme involved in the breakdown of PHENYLALANINE and TYROSINE.<br>It is characterized by accumulation of HOMOGENTISIC ACID in the<br>urine, OCHRONOSIS in various tissues, and ARTHRITIS.",""],["Dental Enamel Hypoplasia",2262,0.0,"D003744","C16.131.850.800.255",1,"Description: An acquired or hereditary condition due to<br>deficiency in the formation of tooth enamel (AMELOGENESIS). It is<br>usually characterized by defective, thin, or malformed DENTAL<br>ENAMEL. Risk factors for enamel hypoplasia include gene<br>mutations, nutritional deficiencies, diseases, and environmental<br>factors.",""],["Anencephaly",2037,0.0,"D000757","C16.131.666.680.196",0,"Description: A malformation of the nervous system caused by<br>failure of the anterior neuropore to close. Infants are born with<br>intact spinal cords, cerebellums, and brainstems, but lack<br>formation of neural structures above this level. The skull is<br>only partially formed but the eyes are usually normal. This<br>condition may be associated with folate deficiency. Affected<br>infants are only capable of primitive (brain stem) reflexes and<br>usually do not survive for more than two weeks. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p247)",""],["Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System",20058,0.2,"D020140","C16.320.565.189.435",23,"Description: A group of enzymatic disorders affecting the nervous<br>system and to a variable degree the skeletal system,<br>lymphoreticular system, and other organs. The conditions are<br>marked by an abnormal accumulation of catabolic material within<br>lysosomes.",""],["Lipidoses",23173,0.3,"D008064","C16.320.565.398.641",23,"Description: Conditions characterized by abnormal lipid<br>deposition due to disturbance in lipid metabolism, such as<br>hereditary diseases involving lysosomal enzymes required for<br>lipid breakdown. They are classified either by the enzyme defect<br>or by the type of lipid involved.",""],["Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System",20058,0.2,"D020140","C16.320.565.595.554",23,"Description: A group of enzymatic disorders affecting the nervous<br>system and to a variable degree the skeletal system,<br>lymphoreticular system, and other organs. The conditions are<br>marked by an abnormal accumulation of catabolic material within<br>lysosomes.",""],["Anodontia",2744,0.0,"D000848","C16.131.850.800.100",0,"Description: Congenital absence of the teeth; it may involve all<br>(total anodontia) or only some of the teeth (partial anodontia,<br>hypodontia), and both the deciduous and the permanent dentition,<br>or only teeth of the permanent dentition. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Aortic Coarctation",8488,0.1,"D001017","C16.131.240.400.090",0,"Description: A birth defect characterized by the narrowing of the<br>AORTA that can be of varying degree and at any point from the<br>transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation. Aortic coarctation<br>causes arterial HYPERTENSION before the point of narrowing and<br>arterial HYPOTENSION beyond the narrowed portion.",""],["Heart Septal Defects",29793,0.3,"D006343","C16.131.240.400.560",8,"Description: Abnormalities in any part of the HEART SEPTUM<br>resulting in abnormal communication between the left and the<br>right chambers of the heart. The abnormal blood flow inside the<br>heart may be caused by defects in the ATRIAL SEPTUM, the<br>VENTRICULAR SEPTUM, or both.",""],["Arnold-Chiari Malformation",3679,0.0,"D001139","C16.131.666.680.291",0,"Description: A group of congenital malformations involving the<br>brainstem, cerebellum, upper spinal cord, and surrounding bony<br>structures. Type II is the most common, and features compression<br>of the medulla and cerebellar tonsils into the upper cervical<br>spinal canal and an associated MENINGOMYELOCELE. Type I features<br>similar, but less severe malformations and is without an<br>associated meningomyelocele. Type III has the features of type II<br>with an additional herniation of the entire cerebellum through<br>the bony defect involving the foramen magnum, forming an<br>ENCEPHALOCELE. Type IV is a form a cerebellar hypoplasia.<br>Clinical manifestations of types I-III include TORTICOLLIS;<br>opisthotonus; HEADACHE; VERTIGO; VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS; APNEA;<br>NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL; swallowing difficulties; and ATAXIA. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p261; Davis,<br>Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp236-46)",""],["Arterio-Arterial Fistula",1492,0.0,"D001159","C16.131.240.850.500",1,"Description: Abnormal communication between two ARTERIES that may<br>result from injury or occur as a congenital abnormality.",""],["Arteriovenous Malformations",31136,0.3,"D001165","C16.131.240.850.750",4,"Description: Abnormal formation of blood vessels that shunt<br>arterial blood directly into veins without passing through the<br>CAPILLARIES. They usually are crooked, dilated, and with thick<br>vessel walls. A common type is the congenital arteriovenous<br>fistula. The lack of blood flow and oxygen in the capillaries can<br>lead to tissue damage in the affected areas.",""],["Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia",177,0.0,"D002527","C16.320.400.780.500",0,"Description: A condition marked by progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA<br>combined with MYOCLONUS usually presenting in the third decade of<br>life or later. Additional clinical features may include<br>generalized and focal SEIZURES, spasticity, and DYSKINESIAS.<br>Autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant patterns of<br>inheritance have been reported. Pathologically, the dentate<br>nucleus and brachium conjunctivum of the CEREBELLUM are atrophic,<br>with variable involvement of the spinal cord, cerebellar cortex,<br>and basal ganglia. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>pp60-1)",""],["Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations",12366,0.1,"D020785","C16.131.240.850.875",2,"Description: Congenital, inherited, or acquired abnormalities<br>involving ARTERIES; VEINS; or venous sinuses in the BRAIN; SPINAL<br>CORD; and MENINGES.",""],["Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations",9008,0.1,"D002538","C16.131.666.190.500",1,"Description: Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain<br>characterized by direct communication between an artery and a<br>vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and<br>size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES;<br>SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and<br>vascular steal effect.",""],["Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease",4400,0.0,"D002607","C16.131.666.300.200",0,"Description: A hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy<br>transmitted most often as an autosomal dominant trait and<br>characterized by progressive distal wasting and loss of reflexes<br>in the muscles of the legs (and occasionally involving the arms).<br>Onset is usually in the second to fourth decade of life. This<br>condition has been divided into two subtypes, hereditary motor<br>and sensory neuropathy (HMSN) types I and II. HMSN I is<br>associated with abnormal nerve conduction velocities and nerve<br>hypertrophy, features not seen in HMSN II. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease",4400,0.0,"D002607","C16.320.400.375.200",0,"Description: A hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy<br>transmitted most often as an autosomal dominant trait and<br>characterized by progressive distal wasting and loss of reflexes<br>in the muscles of the legs (and occasionally involving the arms).<br>Onset is usually in the second to fourth decade of life. This<br>condition has been divided into two subtypes, hereditary motor<br>and sensory neuropathy (HMSN) types I and II. HMSN I is<br>associated with abnormal nerve conduction velocities and nerve<br>hypertrophy, features not seen in HMSN II. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Maxillofacial Abnormalities",26657,0.3,"D019767","C16.131.621.207.540",8,"Description: Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or<br>other abnormalities of the maxilla and face or facial bones.",""],["Ciliary Motility Disorders",2534,0.0,"D002925","C16.131.077.245.500",1,"Description: Conditions caused by abnormal CILIA movement in the<br>body, usually causing KARTAGENER SYNDROME, chronic respiratory<br>disorders, chronic SINUSITIS, and chronic OTITIS. Abnormal<br>ciliary beating is likely due to defects in any of the 200 plus<br>ciliary proteins, such as missing motor enzyme DYNEIN arms.",""],["Cleft Lip",14135,0.2,"D002971","C16.131.850.525.164",0,"Description: Congenital defect in the upper lip where the<br>maxillary prominence fails to merge with the merged medial nasal<br>prominences. It is thought to be caused by faulty migration of<br>the mesoderm in the head region.",""],["Jaw Abnormalities",25481,0.3,"D007569","C16.131.850.500.460",5,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the jaw.",""],["Cleft Palate",18633,0.2,"D002972","C16.131.850.525.185",0,"Description: Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate,<br>due to faulty fusion.",""],["Cleidocranial Dysplasia",918,0.0,"D002973","C16.131.621.207.207",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant syndrome in which there is<br>delayed closing of the CRANIAL FONTANELLES; complete or partial<br>absence of the collarbones (CLAVICLES); wide PUBIC SYMPHYSIS;<br>short middle phalanges of the fifth fingers; and dental and<br>vertebral anomalies.",""],["Cor Triatriatum",812,0.0,"D003310","C16.131.240.400.200",0,"Description: A malformation of the heart in which the embryonic<br>common PULMONARY VEIN was not incorporated into the LEFT ATRIUM<br>leaving behind a perforated fibromuscular membrane bisecting the<br>left atrium, a three-atrium heart. The opening between the two<br>left atrium sections determines the degree of obstruction to<br>pulmonary venous return, pulmonary venous and pulmonary arterial<br>hypertension.",""],["Craniofacial Dysostosis",5157,0.1,"D003394","C16.131.621.207.231",4,"Description: Autosomal dominant CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS with shallow<br>ORBITS; EXOPHTHALMOS; and maxillary hypoplasia.",""],["Crigler-Najjar Syndrome",405,0.0,"D003414","C16.320.565.300.281",0,"Description: A familial form of congenital hyperbilirubinemia<br>transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. It is characterized<br>by icterus and brain damage caused by a glucuronyl transferase<br>deficiency in the liver and faulty bilirubin conjugation.",""],["Crisscross Heart",77,0.0,"D003420","C16.131.240.400.220",0,"Description: A developmental malformation of the heart<br>characterized by a twisted but not defective atrioventicular<br>connection. The abnormal rotation of the ventricular mass around<br>its long axis results in the crossing of the inflow streams of<br>the two ventricles. Other features include hypoplasia of the<br>TRICUSPID VALVE and RIGHT VENTRICLE.",""],["Cystinosis",1254,0.0,"D003554","C16.320.565.595.377",0,"Description: A metabolic disease characterized by the defective<br>transport of CYSTINE across the lysosomal membrane due to<br>mutation of a membrane protein cystinosin. This results in<br>cystine accumulation and crystallization in the cells causing<br>widespread tissue damage. In the KIDNEY, nephropathic cystinosis<br>is a common cause of RENAL FANCONI SYNDROME.",""],["Cystinuria",1232,0.0,"D003555","C16.320.831.885.250",0,"Description: An inherited disorder due to defective reabsorption<br>of CYSTINE and other BASIC AMINO ACIDS by the PROXIMAL RENAL<br>TUBULES. This form of aminoaciduria is characterized by the<br>abnormally high urinary levels of cystine; LYSINE; ARGININE; and<br>ORNITHINE. Mutations involve the amino acid transport protein<br>gene SLC3A1.",""],["Dens in Dente",478,0.0,"D003719","C16.131.850.800.250",0,"Description: Anomaly of the tooth, found chiefly in upper lateral<br>incisors. It is characterized by invagination of the enamel at<br>the incisal edge.",""],["Dentin Dysplasia",214,0.0,"D003805","C16.131.850.800.260",0,"Description: An apparently hereditary disorder of dentin<br>formation, marked by a normal appearance of coronal dentin<br>associated with pulpal obliteration, faulty root formation, and a<br>tendency for peripheral lesions without obvious cause. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Dentinogenesis Imperfecta",435,0.0,"D003811","C16.131.850.800.270",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of tooth development<br>characterized by opalescent dentin resulting in discoloration of<br>the teeth. The dentin develops poorly with low mineral content<br>while the pulp canal is obliterated.",""],["Dextrocardia",2673,0.0,"D003914","C16.131.240.400.280",1,"Description: A congenital defect in which the heart is located on<br>the right side of the THORAX instead of on the left side<br>(levocardia, the normal position). When dextrocardia is<br>accompanied with inverted HEART ATRIA, a right-sided STOMACH, and<br>a left-sided LIVER, the combination is called dextrocardia with<br>SITUS INVERSUS. Dextrocardia may adversely affect other thoracic<br>organs.",""],["Diastema",577,0.0,"D003970","C16.131.850.800.320",0,"Description: An abnormal opening or fissure between two adjacent<br>teeth.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C16.131.077.019.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.0,"D058165","C16.131.240.400.021",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C16.131.260.019.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C16.131.482.249.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.0,"D058165","C16.131.621.207.103",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C16.320.180.019.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["Ductus Arteriosus, Patent",7447,0.1,"D004374","C16.131.240.400.340",0,"Description: A congenital heart defect characterized by the<br>persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the<br>PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING)<br>allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the<br>PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth.",""],["Dysautonomia, Familial",943,0.0,"D004402","C16.131.666.310.309",0,"Description: An autosomal disorder of the peripheral and<br>autonomic nervous systems limited to individuals of Ashkenazic<br>Jewish descent. Clinical manifestations are present at birth and<br>include diminished lacrimation, defective thermoregulation,<br>orthostatic hypotension (HYPOTENSION, ORTHOSTATIC), fixed pupils,<br>excessive SWEATING, loss of pain and temperature sensation, and<br>absent reflexes. Pathologic features include reduced numbers of<br>small diameter peripheral nerve fibers and autonomic ganglion<br>neurons. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1348; Nat Genet 1993;4(2):160-4)",""],["Dysautonomia, Familial",943,0.0,"D004402","C16.320.400.415.309",0,"Description: An autosomal disorder of the peripheral and<br>autonomic nervous systems limited to individuals of Ashkenazic<br>Jewish descent. Clinical manifestations are present at birth and<br>include diminished lacrimation, defective thermoregulation,<br>orthostatic hypotension (HYPOTENSION, ORTHOSTATIC), fixed pupils,<br>excessive SWEATING, loss of pain and temperature sensation, and<br>absent reflexes. Pathologic features include reduced numbers of<br>small diameter peripheral nerve fibers and autonomic ganglion<br>neurons. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1348; Nat Genet 1993;4(2):160-4)",""],["Ebstein Anomaly",1866,0.0,"D004437","C16.131.240.400.395",0,"Description: A congenital heart defect characterized by downward<br>or apical displacement of the TRICUSPID VALVE, usually with the<br>septal and posterior leaflets being attached to the wall of the<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE. It is characterized by a huge RIGHT ATRIUM and a<br>small and less effective right ventricle.",""],["Ectromelia",1464,0.0,"D004480","C16.131.621.585.350",0,"Description: Gross hypo- or aplasia of one or more long bones of<br>one or more limbs. The concept includes amelia, hemimelia,<br>phocomelia, and sirenomelia.",""],["Eisenmenger Complex",967,0.0,"D004541","C16.131.240.400.450",0,"Description: A condition associated with VENTRICULAR SEPTAL<br>DEFECT and other congenital heart defects that allow the mixing<br>of pulmonary and systemic circulation, increase blood flow into<br>the lung, and subsequent responses to low oxygen in blood. This<br>complex is characterized by progressive PULMONARY HYPERTENSION;<br>HYPERTROPHY of the RIGHT VENTRICLE; CYANOSIS; and ERYTHROCYTOSIS.",""],["Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome",474,0.0,"D004613","C16.131.077.350.398",0,"Description: Dwarfism occurring in association with defective<br>development of skin, hair, and teeth, polydactyly, and defect of<br>the cardiac septum. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome",474,0.0,"D004613","C16.131.831.350.398",0,"Description: Dwarfism occurring in association with defective<br>development of skin, hair, and teeth, polydactyly, and defect of<br>the cardiac septum. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome",474,0.0,"D004613","C16.320.850.250.398",0,"Description: Dwarfism occurring in association with defective<br>development of skin, hair, and teeth, polydactyly, and defect of<br>the cardiac septum. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Encephalocele",3022,0.0,"D004677","C16.131.666.680.488",0,"Description: Brain tissue herniation through a congenital or<br>acquired defect in the skull. The majority of congenital<br>encephaloceles occur in the occipital or frontal regions.<br>Clinical features include a protuberant mass that may be<br>pulsatile. The quantity and location of protruding neural tissue<br>determines the type and degree of neurologic deficit. Visual<br>defects, psychomotor developmental delay, and persistent motor<br>deficits frequently occur.",""],["Favism",507,0.0,"D005236","C16.320.070.480.370",0,"Description: Hemolytic anemia due to the ingestion of fava beans<br>or after inhalation of pollen from the Vicia fava plant by<br>persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient<br>erythrocytes.",""],["Fibromatosis, Gingival",381,0.0,"D005351","C16.131.850.525.304",0,"Description: Generalized or localized diffuse fibrous overgrowth<br>of the gingival tissue, usually transmitted as an autosomal<br>dominant trait, but some cases are idiopathic and others produced<br>by drugs. The enlarged gingiva is pink, firm, and has a leather-<br>like consistency with a minutely pebbled surface and in severe<br>cases the teeth are almost completely covered and the enlargement<br>projects into the oral vestibule. (Dorland, 28th ed)",""],["Focal Dermal Hypoplasia",311,0.0,"D005489","C16.131.077.350.424",0,"Description: A genetic skin disease characterized by hypoplasia<br>of the dermis, herniations of fat, and hand anomalies. It is<br>found exclusively in females and transmitted as an X-linked<br>dominant trait.",""],["Focal Dermal Hypoplasia",311,0.0,"D005489","C16.131.831.350.424",0,"Description: A genetic skin disease characterized by hypoplasia<br>of the dermis, herniations of fat, and hand anomalies. It is<br>found exclusively in females and transmitted as an X-linked<br>dominant trait.",""],["Focal Dermal Hypoplasia",311,0.0,"D005489","C16.320.850.250.424",0,"Description: A genetic skin disease characterized by hypoplasia<br>of the dermis, herniations of fat, and hand anomalies. It is<br>found exclusively in females and transmitted as an X-linked<br>dominant trait.",""],["Fragile X Syndrome",5346,0.1,"D005600","C16.131.260.830.300",0,"Description: A condition characterized genotypically by mutation<br>of the distal end of the long arm of the X chromosome (at gene<br>loci FRAXA or FRAXE) and phenotypically by cognitive impairment,<br>hyperactivity, SEIZURES, language delay, and enlargement of the<br>ears, head, and testes. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY occurs in nearly<br>all males and roughly 50% of females with the full mutation of<br>FRAXA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p226)",""],["Fragile X Syndrome",5346,0.1,"D005600","C16.320.180.830.300",0,"Description: A condition characterized genotypically by mutation<br>of the distal end of the long arm of the X chromosome (at gene<br>loci FRAXA or FRAXE) and phenotypically by cognitive impairment,<br>hyperactivity, SEIZURES, language delay, and enlargement of the<br>ears, head, and testes. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY occurs in nearly<br>all males and roughly 50% of females with the full mutation of<br>FRAXA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p226)",""],["Fragile X Syndrome",5346,0.1,"D005600","C16.320.322.500.500",0,"Description: A condition characterized genotypically by mutation<br>of the distal end of the long arm of the X chromosome (at gene<br>loci FRAXA or FRAXE) and phenotypically by cognitive impairment,<br>hyperactivity, SEIZURES, language delay, and enlargement of the<br>ears, head, and testes. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY occurs in nearly<br>all males and roughly 50% of females with the full mutation of<br>FRAXA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p226)",""],["Fragile X Syndrome",5346,0.1,"D005600","C16.320.400.525.500",0,"Description: A condition characterized genotypically by mutation<br>of the distal end of the long arm of the X chromosome (at gene<br>loci FRAXA or FRAXE) and phenotypically by cognitive impairment,<br>hyperactivity, SEIZURES, language delay, and enlargement of the<br>ears, head, and testes. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY occurs in nearly<br>all males and roughly 50% of females with the full mutation of<br>FRAXA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p226)",""],["Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development",10530,0.1,"D058533","C16.131.939.316.795",4,"Description: Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development<br>associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including<br>MONOSOMY; TRISOMY; and MOSAICISM.",""],["Friedreich Ataxia",2533,0.0,"D005621","C16.320.400.780.200",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood<br>onset, characterized pathologically by degeneration of the<br>spinocerebellar tracts, posterior columns, and to a lesser extent<br>the corticospinal tracts. Clinical manifestations include GAIT<br>ATAXIA, pes cavus, speech impairment, lateral curvature of spine,<br>rhythmic head tremor, kyphoscoliosis, congestive heart failure<br>(secondary to a cardiomyopathy), and lower extremity weakness.<br>Most forms of this condition are associated with a mutation in a<br>gene on chromosome 9, at band q13, which codes for the<br>mitochondrial protein frataxin. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1081; N Engl J Med 1996 Oct<br>17;335(16):1169-75) The severity of Friedreich ataxia associated<br>with expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin<br>gene correlates with the number of trinucleotide repeats. (From<br>Durr et al, N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75)",""],["Fructose Metabolism, Inborn Errors",543,0.0,"D015318","C16.320.565.202.251",2,"Description: Inherited abnormalities of fructose metabolism,<br>which include three known autosomal recessive types: hepatic<br>fructokinase deficiency (essential fructosuria), hereditary<br>fructose intolerance, and hereditary fructose-1,6-diphosphatase<br>deficiency. Essential fructosuria is a benign asymptomatic<br>metabolic disorder caused by deficiency in fructokinase, leading<br>to decreased conversion of fructose to fructose-1-phosphate and<br>alimentary hyperfructosemia, but with no clinical dysfunction;<br>may produce a false-positive diabetes test.",""],["Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy",1215,0.0,"D005642","C16.320.290.162.410",0,"Description: Disorder caused by loss of endothelium of the<br>central cornea. It is characterized by hyaline endothelial<br>outgrowths on Descemet's membrane, epithelial blisters, reduced<br>vision, and pain.",""],["Fucosidosis",147,0.0,"D005645","C16.320.565.202.303",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease<br>caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activity resulting<br>in an accumulation of fucose containing SPHINGOLIPIDS;<br>GLYCOPROTEINS, and mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in<br>lysosomes. The infantile form (type I) features psychomotor<br>deterioration, MUSCLE SPASTICITY, coarse facial features, growth<br>retardation, skeletal abnormalities, visceromegaly, SEIZURES,<br>recurrent infections, and MACROGLOSSIA, with death occurring in<br>the first decade of life. Juvenile fucosidosis (type II) is the<br>more common variant and features a slowly progressive decline in<br>neurologic function and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Type II<br>survival may be through the fourth decade of life. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p87; Am J Med Genet 1991<br>Jan;38(1):111-31)",""],["Fused Teeth",385,0.0,"D005671","C16.131.850.800.370",0,"Description: Two teeth united during development by the union of<br>their tooth germs; the teeth may be joined by the enamel of their<br>crowns, by their root dentin, or by both.",""],["Galactosemias",1893,0.0,"D005693","C16.320.565.189.320",0,"Description: A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which<br>feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This condition may<br>be associated with deficiencies of GALACTOKINASE; UDPGLUCOSE-<br>HEXOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; or UDPGLUCOSE<br>4-EPIMERASE. The classic form is caused by UDPglucose-<br>Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase deficiency, and presents<br>in infancy with FAILURE TO THRIVE; VOMITING; and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Affected individuals also may develop MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; JAUNDICE; hepatosplenomegaly; ovarian failure<br>(PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY); and cataracts. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp61-3)",""],["Galactosemias",1893,0.0,"D005693","C16.320.565.202.355",0,"Description: A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which<br>feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This condition may<br>be associated with deficiencies of GALACTOKINASE; UDPGLUCOSE-<br>HEXOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; or UDPGLUCOSE<br>4-EPIMERASE. The classic form is caused by UDPglucose-<br>Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase deficiency, and presents<br>in infancy with FAILURE TO THRIVE; VOMITING; and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Affected individuals also may develop MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; JAUNDICE; hepatosplenomegaly; ovarian failure<br>(PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY); and cataracts. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp61-3)",""],["Gardner Syndrome",549,0.0,"D005736","C16.320.700.100.393",0,"Description: A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by<br>mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is<br>characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic<br>polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the<br>FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI<br>tract.",""],["Gilbert Disease",823,0.0,"D005878","C16.320.565.300.528",0,"Description: A benign familial disorder, transmitted as an<br>autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized by low-grade<br>chronic hyperbilirubinemia with considerable daily fluctuations<br>of the bilirubin level.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease",7248,0.1,"D006008","C16.320.565.202.449",9,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders involving<br>the enzymes responsible for the synthesis and degradation of<br>glycogen. In some patients, prominent liver involvement is<br>presented. In others, more generalized storage of glycogen<br>occurs, sometimes with prominent cardiac involvement.",""],["Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency",3922,0.0,"D005955","C16.320.565.202.402",0,"Description: A disease-producing enzyme deficiency subject to<br>many variants, some of which cause a deficiency of<br>GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE activity in erythrocytes,<br>leading to hemolytic anemia.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis",9832,0.1,"D006059","C16.131.939.316.309",6,"Description: A number of syndromes with defective gonadal<br>developments such as streak GONADS and dysgenetic testes or<br>ovaries. The spectrum of gonadal and sexual abnormalities is<br>reflected in their varied sex chromosome (SEX CHROMOSOMES)<br>constitution as shown by the karyotypes of 45,X monosomy (TURNER<br>SYNDROME); 46,XX (GONADAL DYSGENESIS, 46XX); 46,XY (GONADAL<br>DYSGENESIS, 46,XY); and sex chromosome MOSAICISM; (GONADAL<br>DYSGENESIS, MIXED). Their phenotypes range from female, through<br>ambiguous, to male. This concept includes gonadal agenesis.",""],["Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development",10406,0.1,"D058533","C16.131.260.830.835",3,"Description: Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development<br>associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including<br>MONOSOMY; TRISOMY; and MOSAICISM.",""],["Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development",10406,0.1,"D058533","C16.320.180.830.835",3,"Description: Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development<br>associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including<br>MONOSOMY; TRISOMY; and MOSAICISM.",""],["Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY",4074,0.0,"D058490","C16.131.939.316.096",7,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals with a male<br>karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical<br>sex is atypical.",""],["Gout",12275,0.1,"D006073","C16.320.565.798.368",1,"Description: Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute<br>arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and<br>around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi.",""],["Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital",3439,0.0,"D038062","C16.131.621.585.988",1,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the UPPER<br>EXTREMITY.",""],["Hartnup Disease",153,0.0,"D006250","C16.320.565.151.355",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective<br>absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the<br>PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN,<br>a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency,<br>PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional<br>instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the<br>neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.",""],["Hartnup Disease",153,0.0,"D006250","C16.320.565.189.355",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective<br>absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the<br>PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN,<br>a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency,<br>PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional<br>instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the<br>neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.",""],["Hartnup Disease",153,0.0,"D006250","C16.320.831.885.457",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective<br>absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the<br>PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN,<br>a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency,<br>PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional<br>instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the<br>neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.",""],["Hemochromatosis",7489,0.1,"D006432","C16.320.565.618.337",0,"Description: A disorder of iron metabolism characterized by a<br>triad of HEMOSIDEROSIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; and DIABETES MELLITUS.<br>It is caused by massive iron deposits in parenchymal cells that<br>may develop after a prolonged increase of iron absorption.<br>(Jablonski's Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed)",""],["Hemoglobin SC Disease",489,0.0,"D006450","C16.320.070.150.440",0,"Description: One of the sickle cell disorders characterized by<br>the presence of both hemoglobin S and hemoglobin C. It is similar<br>to, but less severe than sickle cell anemia.",""],["Hemoglobin SC Disease",489,0.0,"D006450","C16.320.365.155.440",0,"Description: One of the sickle cell disorders characterized by<br>the presence of both hemoglobin S and hemoglobin C. It is similar<br>to, but less severe than sickle cell anemia.",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.1,"D006527","C16.320.565.189.360",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.1,"D006527","C16.320.565.618.403",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Hip Dislocation, Congenital",7541,0.1,"D006618","C16.131.621.297.500",0,"Description: Congenital dislocation of the hip generally includes<br>subluxation of the femoral head, acetabular dysplasia, and<br>complete dislocation of the femoral head from the true<br>acetabulum. This condition occurs in approximately 1 in 1000 live<br>births and is more common in females than in males.",""],["von Hippel-Lindau Disease",2255,0.0,"D006623","C16.131.077.245.750",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations<br>in a tumor suppressor gene. This syndrome is characterized by<br>abnormal growth of small blood vessels leading to a host of<br>neoplasms. They include HEMANGIOBLASTOMA in the RETINA;<br>CEREBELLUM; and SPINAL CORD; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; pancreatic tumors;<br>and renal cell carcinoma (see CARCINOMA, RENAL CELL). Common<br>clinical signs include HYPERTENSION and neurological<br>dysfunctions.",""],["Hyperhomocysteinemia",5316,0.1,"D020138","C16.320.565.100.480",1,"Description: Condition in which the plasma levels of homocysteine<br>and related metabolites are elevated (>13.9 \u03bcmol/l).<br>Hyperhomocysteinemia can be familial or acquired. Development of<br>the acquired hyperhomocysteinemia is mostly associated with<br>vitamins B and/or folate deficiency (e.g., PERNICIOUS ANEMIA,<br>vitamin malabsorption). Familial hyperhomocysteinemia often<br>results in a more severe elevation of total homocysteine and<br>excretion into the urine, resulting in HOMOCYSTINURIA.<br>Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular and<br>neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporotic fractures and<br>complications during pregnancy.",""],["Homocystinuria",1392,0.0,"D006712","C16.320.565.189.365",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine<br>metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-<br>SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma<br>and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus,<br>SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin<br>blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased<br>incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop<br>fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR<br>ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979)",""],["Hyaline Membrane Disease",1678,0.0,"D006819","C16.614.521.563.475",0,"Description: A respiratory distress syndrome in newborn infants,<br>usually premature infants with insufficient PULMONARY<br>SURFACTANTS. The disease is characterized by the formation of a<br>HYALINE-like membrane lining the terminal respiratory airspaces<br>(PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and subsequent collapse of the lung<br>(PULMONARY ATELECTASIS).",""],["Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined",735,0.0,"D006950","C16.320.565.398.450",0,"Description: A type of familial lipid metabolism disorder<br>characterized by a variable pattern of elevated plasma<br>CHOLESTEROL and/or TRIGLYCERIDES. Multiple genes on different<br>chromosomes may be involved, such as the major late transcription<br>factor (UPSTREAM STIMULATORY FACTORS) on CHROMOSOME 1.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III",517,0.0,"D006952","C16.320.565.398.483",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited disorder<br>characterized by the accumulation of intermediate-density<br>lipoprotein (IDL or broad-beta-lipoprotein). IDL has a<br>CHOLESTEROL to TRIGLYCERIDES ratio greater than that of VERY-LOW-<br>DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. This disorder is due to mutation of<br>APOLIPOPROTEINS E, a receptor-binding component of VLDL and<br>CHYLOMICRONS, resulting in their reduced clearance and high<br>plasma levels of both cholesterol and triglycerides.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV",563,0.0,"D006953","C16.320.565.398.487",0,"Description: A hypertriglyceridemia disorder, often with<br>autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by the<br>persistent elevations of plasma TRIGLYCERIDES, endogenously<br>synthesized and contained predominantly in VERY-LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins). In contrast, the plasma<br>CHOLESTEROL and PHOSPHOLIPIDS usually remain within normal<br>limits.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V",156,0.0,"D006954","C16.320.565.398.493",0,"Description: A severe type of hyperlipidemia, sometimes familial,<br>that is characterized by the elevation of both plasma<br>CHYLOMICRONS and TRIGLYCERIDES contained in VERY-LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS. Type V hyperlipoproteinemia is often associated<br>with DIABETES MELLITUS and is not caused by reduced LIPOPROTEIN<br>LIPASE activity as in HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE I .",""],["Hyperoxaluria, Primary",1054,0.0,"D006960","C16.320.565.202.460",0,"Description: A genetic disorder characterized by excretion of<br>large amounts of OXALATES in urine; NEPHROLITHIASIS;<br>NEPHROCALCINOSIS; early onset of RENAL FAILURE; and often a<br>generalized deposit of CALCIUM OXALATE. There are subtypes<br>classified by the enzyme defects in glyoxylate metabolism.",""],["Hypophosphatasia",971,0.0,"D007014","C16.320.565.618.482",0,"Description: A genetic metabolic disorder resulting from serum<br>and bone alkaline phosphatase deficiency leading to<br>hypercalcemia, ethanolamine phosphatemia, and ethanolamine<br>phosphaturia. Clinical manifestations include severe skeletal<br>defects resembling vitamin D-resistant rickets, failure of the<br>calvarium to calcify, dyspnea, cyanosis, vomiting, constipation,<br>renal calcinosis, failure to thrive, disorders of movement,<br>beading of the costochondral junction, and rachitic bone changes.<br>(From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hypophosphatemia, Familial",2053,0.0,"D007015","C16.320.565.618.544",1,"Description: An inherited condition of abnormally low serum<br>levels of PHOSPHATES (below 1 mg/liter) which can occur in a<br>number of genetic diseases with defective reabsorption of<br>inorganic phosphorus by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This leads to<br>phosphaturia, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, and disturbances of cellular and<br>organ functions such as those in X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; and FANCONI SYNDROME.",""],["Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic",592,0.0,"D007566","C16.320.565.300.764",0,"Description: A benign, autosomally recessive inherited<br>hyperbilirubinemia characterized by the presence of a dark<br>pigment in the centrilobular region of the liver cells. There is<br>a functional defect in biliary excretion of bilirubin,<br>cholephilic dyes, and porphyrins. Affected persons may be<br>asymptomatic or have vague constitutional or gastrointestinal<br>symptoms. The liver may be slightly enlarged, and oral and<br>intravenous cholangiography fails to visualize the biliary tract.",""],["Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic",592,0.0,"D007566","C16.614.451.500.250",0,"Description: A benign, autosomally recessive inherited<br>hyperbilirubinemia characterized by the presence of a dark<br>pigment in the centrilobular region of the liver cells. There is<br>a functional defect in biliary excretion of bilirubin,<br>cholephilic dyes, and porphyrins. Affected persons may be<br>asymptomatic or have vague constitutional or gastrointestinal<br>symptoms. The liver may be slightly enlarged, and oral and<br>intravenous cholangiography fails to visualize the biliary tract.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C16.131.810.250.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C16.320.184.500.531",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome",881,0.0,"D007706","C16.320.322.500.687",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of copper metabolism<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the<br>infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia,<br>SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and<br>severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper<br>transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes<br>results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several<br>copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE;<br>CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes<br>include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis.<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)",""],["Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome",881,0.0,"D007706","C16.320.400.525.687",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of copper metabolism<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the<br>infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia,<br>SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and<br>severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper<br>transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes<br>results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several<br>copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE;<br>CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes<br>include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis.<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)",""],["Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome",881,0.0,"D007706","C16.320.565.189.540",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of copper metabolism<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the<br>infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia,<br>SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and<br>severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper<br>transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes<br>results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several<br>copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE;<br>CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes<br>include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis.<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)",""],["Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome",881,0.0,"D007706","C16.320.565.618.590",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of copper metabolism<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the<br>infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia,<br>SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and<br>severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper<br>transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes<br>results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several<br>copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE;<br>CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes<br>include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis.<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)",""],["Lactose Intolerance",2380,0.0,"D007787","C16.320.565.202.589",0,"Description: The condition resulting from the absence or<br>deficiency of LACTASE in the MUCOSA cells of the GASTROINTESTINAL<br>TRACT, and the inability to break down LACTOSE in milk for<br>ABSORPTION. Bacterial fermentation of the unabsorbed lactose<br>leads to symptoms that range from a mild indigestion (DYSPEPSIA)<br>to severe DIARRHEA. Lactose intolerance may be an inborn error or<br>acquired.",""],["Leigh Disease",1117,0.0,"D007888","C16.320.565.189.412",0,"Description: A group of metabolic disorders primarily of infancy<br>characterized by the subacute onset of psychomotor retardation,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, weakness, vision loss, eye movement<br>abnormalities, seizures, dysphagia, and lactic acidosis.<br>Pathological features include spongy degeneration of the<br>neuropile of the basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem, and spinal<br>cord. Patterns of inheritance include X-linked recessive,<br>autosomal recessive, and mitochondrial. Leigh disease has been<br>associated with mutations in genes for the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE<br>COMPLEX; CYTOCHROME-C OXIDASE; ATP synthase subunit 6; and<br>subunits of mitochondrial complex I. (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, p850).",""],["Pyruvate Metabolism, Inborn Errors",1687,0.0,"D015323","C16.320.565.202.810",3,"Description: Hereditary disorders of pyruvate metabolism. They<br>are difficult to diagnose and describe because pyruvate is a key<br>intermediate in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the<br>tricarboxylic acid cycle. Some inherited metabolic disorders may<br>alter pyruvate metabolism indirectly. Disorders in pyruvate<br>metabolism appear to lead to deficiencies in neurotransmitter<br>synthesis and, consequently, to nervous system disorders.",""],["Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome",920,0.0,"D007926","C16.320.322.500.625",0,"Description: An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked<br>trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine<br>metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected<br>individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop<br>psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders,<br>progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors<br>such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently.<br>Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not<br>severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the<br>development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)",""],["Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome",920,0.0,"D007926","C16.320.400.525.625",0,"Description: An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked<br>trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine<br>metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected<br>individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop<br>psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders,<br>progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors<br>such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently.<br>Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not<br>severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the<br>development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)",""],["Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome",920,0.0,"D007926","C16.320.565.189.425",0,"Description: An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked<br>trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine<br>metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected<br>individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop<br>psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders,<br>progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors<br>such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently.<br>Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not<br>severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the<br>development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)",""],["Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome",920,0.0,"D007926","C16.320.565.798.594",0,"Description: An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked<br>trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine<br>metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected<br>individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop<br>psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders,<br>progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors<br>such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently.<br>Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not<br>severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the<br>development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)",""],["Levocardia",119,0.0,"D007979","C16.131.240.400.701",0,"Description: Congenital abnormalities in which the HEART is in<br>the normal position (levocardia) in the left side of the chest<br>but some or all of the THORAX or ABDOMEN viscera are transposed<br>laterally (SITUS INVERSUS). It is also known as situs inversus<br>with levocardia, or isolated levocardia. This condition is often<br>associated with severe heart defects and splenic abnormalities<br>such as asplenia or polysplenia.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidoses",7295,0.1,"D009083","C16.320.565.202.715",6,"Description: Group of lysosomal storage diseases each caused by<br>an inherited deficiency of an enzyme involved in the degradation<br>of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). The diseases are<br>progressive and often display a wide spectrum of clinical<br>severity within one enzyme deficiency.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidoses",7295,0.1,"D009083","C16.320.565.595.600",6,"Description: Group of lysosomal storage diseases each caused by<br>an inherited deficiency of an enzyme involved in the degradation<br>of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). The diseases are<br>progressive and often display a wide spectrum of clinical<br>severity within one enzyme deficiency.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I",593,0.0,"D008072","C16.320.565.398.465",0,"Description: An inherited condition due to a deficiency of either<br>LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE or APOLIPOPROTEIN C-II (a lipase-activating<br>protein). The lack of lipase activities results in inability to<br>remove CHYLOMICRONS and TRIGLYCERIDES from the blood which has a<br>creamy top layer after standing.",""],["Long QT Syndrome",8404,0.1,"D008133","C16.131.240.400.715",3,"Description: A condition that is characterized by episodes of<br>fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia<br>as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms<br>are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel<br>proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and<br>JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.",""],["Macrostomia",137,0.0,"D008265","C16.131.850.525.480",0,"Description: Greatly exaggerated width of the mouth, resulting<br>from failure of union of the maxillary and mandibular processes,<br>with extension of the oral orifice toward the ear. The defect may<br>be unilateral or bilateral. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Mannosidase Deficiency Diseases",282,0.0,"D044904","C16.320.565.202.607",2,"Description: Diseases caused by the loss of one or more enzymes<br>involved in the hydrolysis of mannoside linkages (MANNOSIDASES).<br>The defects in enzyme activity are primarily associated with<br>genetic mutation of the genes that codes for a particular<br>mannosidase isoenzyme.",""],["Mannosidase Deficiency Diseases",282,0.0,"D044904","C16.320.565.595.577",2,"Description: Diseases caused by the loss of one or more enzymes<br>involved in the hydrolysis of mannoside linkages (MANNOSIDASES).<br>The defects in enzyme activity are primarily associated with<br>genetic mutation of the genes that codes for a particular<br>mannosidase isoenzyme.",""],["Maple Syrup Urine Disease",1024,0.0,"D008375","C16.320.565.100.608",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder with<br>multiple forms of phenotypic expression, caused by a defect in<br>the oxidative decarboxylation of branched-chain amino acids<br>(AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-CHAIN). These metabolites accumulate in<br>body fluids and render a \"maple syrup\" odor. The disease is<br>divided into classic, intermediate, intermittent, and thiamine<br>responsive subtypes. The classic form presents in the first week<br>of life with ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, emesis, neonatal<br>seizures, and hypertonia. The intermediate and intermittent forms<br>present in childhood or later with acute episodes of ataxia and<br>vomiting. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p936)",""],["Maple Syrup Urine Disease",1024,0.0,"D008375","C16.320.565.189.520",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder with<br>multiple forms of phenotypic expression, caused by a defect in<br>the oxidative decarboxylation of branched-chain amino acids<br>(AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-CHAIN). These metabolites accumulate in<br>body fluids and render a \"maple syrup\" odor. The disease is<br>divided into classic, intermediate, intermittent, and thiamine<br>responsive subtypes. The classic form presents in the first week<br>of life with ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, emesis, neonatal<br>seizures, and hypertonia. The intermediate and intermittent forms<br>present in childhood or later with acute episodes of ataxia and<br>vomiting. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p936)",""],["Marfan Syndrome",5579,0.1,"D008382","C16.131.240.400.720",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE<br>with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton.<br>Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE,<br>dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features<br>include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long<br>limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome<br>(type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding<br>FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils<br>of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II<br>TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome<br>type 2.",""],["Meningocele",2294,0.0,"D008588","C16.131.666.680.598",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired protrusion of the meninges,<br>unaccompanied by neural tissue, through a bony defect in the<br>skull or vertebral column.",""],["Meningomyelocele",3758,0.0,"D008591","C16.131.666.680.610",0,"Description: Congenital, or rarely acquired, herniation of<br>meningeal and spinal cord tissue through a bony defect in the<br>vertebral column. The majority of these defects occur in the<br>lumbosacral region. Clinical features include PARAPLEGIA, loss of<br>sensation in the lower body, and incontinence. This condition may<br>be associated with the ARNOLD-CHIARI MALFORMATION and<br>HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55,<br>pp35-6)",""],["Microcephaly",4063,0.0,"D008831","C16.131.621.207.620",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which the CEREBRUM is<br>underdeveloped, the fontanels close prematurely, and, as a<br>result, the head is small. (Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd<br>ed.)",""],["Malformations of Cortical Development, Group I",10841,0.1,"D065703","C16.131.666.507.400",4,"Description: Cortical malformations secondary to abnormal<br>neuronal and glial CELL PROLIFERATION or APOPTOSIS in<br>NEUROGENESIS. This group includes congenital MICROCEPHALIES;<br>MICROLISSENCEPHALIES, megalencephalies, HEMIMEGALENCEPHALIES and<br>cortical dysplasias with balloon cells.",""],["Microstomia",237,0.0,"D008865","C16.131.850.525.520",0,"Description: A congenital defect in which the mouth is unusually<br>small. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Mucolipidoses",1037,0.0,"D009081","C16.320.565.202.670",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic diseases<br>characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and/or glycolipids in<br>visceral and mesenchymal cells. Abnormal amounts of sphingolipids<br>or glycolipids are present in neural tissue. INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and skeletal changes, most notably dysostosis<br>multiplex, occur frequently. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, pp36-7)",""],["Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency",409,0.0,"D009100","C16.320.565.100.620",2,"Description: A deficiency in the activities of biotin-dependent<br>enzymes (propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA<br>carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to one of two defects<br>in BIOTIN metabolism. The neonatal form is due to HOLOCARBOXYLASE<br>SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY. The late-onset form is due to BIOTINIDASE<br>DEFICIENCY.",""],["Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency",409,0.0,"D009100","C16.320.565.202.720",2,"Description: A deficiency in the activities of biotin-dependent<br>enzymes (propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA<br>carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to one of two defects<br>in BIOTIN metabolism. The neonatal form is due to HOLOCARBOXYLASE<br>SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY. The late-onset form is due to BIOTINIDASE<br>DEFICIENCY.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 1",9737,0.1,"D009456","C16.320.400.560.400",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a<br>high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features<br>developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and<br>skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL<br>CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous<br>tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central<br>nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE<br>GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which<br>inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on<br>chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also<br>elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical<br>features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene<br>products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras<br>(RAS PROTEINS).",""],["Neurofibromatosis 1",9737,0.1,"D009456","C16.320.700.633.650",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a<br>high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features<br>developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and<br>skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL<br>CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous<br>tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central<br>nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE<br>GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which<br>inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on<br>chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also<br>elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical<br>features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene<br>products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras<br>(RAS PROTEINS).",""],["Noonan Syndrome",1718,0.0,"D009634","C16.131.240.400.784",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous, multifaceted disorder<br>characterized by short stature, webbed neck, ptosis, skeletal<br>malformations, hypertelorism, hormonal imbalance, CRYPTORCHIDISM,<br>multiple cardiac abnormalities (most commonly including PULMONARY<br>VALVE STENOSIS), and some degree of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. The<br>phenotype bears similarities to that of TURNER SYNDROME that<br>occurs only in females and has its basis in a 45, X karyotype<br>abnormality. Noonan syndrome occurs in both males and females<br>with a normal karyotype (46,XX and 46,XY). Mutations in a several<br>genes (PTPN11, KRAS, SOS1, NF1 and RAF1) have been associated the<br>NS phenotype. Mutations in PTPN11 are the most common. LEOPARD<br>SYNDROME, a disorder that has clinical features overlapping those<br>of Noonan Syndrome, is also due to mutations in PTPN11. In<br>addition, there is overlap with the syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome due to mutations in NF1.",""],["Noonan Syndrome",1718,0.0,"D009634","C16.131.621.207.690",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous, multifaceted disorder<br>characterized by short stature, webbed neck, ptosis, skeletal<br>malformations, hypertelorism, hormonal imbalance, CRYPTORCHIDISM,<br>multiple cardiac abnormalities (most commonly including PULMONARY<br>VALVE STENOSIS), and some degree of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. The<br>phenotype bears similarities to that of TURNER SYNDROME that<br>occurs only in females and has its basis in a 45, X karyotype<br>abnormality. Noonan syndrome occurs in both males and females<br>with a normal karyotype (46,XX and 46,XY). Mutations in a several<br>genes (PTPN11, KRAS, SOS1, NF1 and RAF1) have been associated the<br>NS phenotype. Mutations in PTPN11 are the most common. LEOPARD<br>SYNDROME, a disorder that has clinical features overlapping those<br>of Noonan Syndrome, is also due to mutations in PTPN11. In<br>addition, there is overlap with the syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome due to mutations in NF1.",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C16.320.565.151.600",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C16.320.565.189.640",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies",587,0.0,"D009849","C16.320.400.780.750",0,"Description: A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which<br>share progressive ataxia in combination with atrophy of the<br>CEREBELLUM; PONS; and inferior olivary nuclei. Additional<br>clinical features may include MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS,<br>PATHOLOGIC; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA;<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE; and OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. The familial form has<br>an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord<br>atrophy. The sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth<br>decade, and is considered a clinical subtype of MULTIPLE SYSTEM<br>ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1085)",""],["Orofaciodigital Syndromes",428,0.0,"D009958","C16.131.260.830.670",0,"Description: Two syndromes of oral, facial, and digital<br>malformations. Type I (Papillon-Leage and Psaume syndrome,<br>Gorlin-Psaume syndrome) is inherited as an X-linked dominant<br>trait and is found only in females and XXY males. Type II (Mohr<br>syndrome) is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["Orofaciodigital Syndromes",428,0.0,"D009958","C16.131.621.207.700",0,"Description: Two syndromes of oral, facial, and digital<br>malformations. Type I (Papillon-Leage and Psaume syndrome,<br>Gorlin-Psaume syndrome) is inherited as an X-linked dominant<br>trait and is found only in females and XXY males. Type II (Mohr<br>syndrome) is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["Orofaciodigital Syndromes",428,0.0,"D009958","C16.320.180.830.670",0,"Description: Two syndromes of oral, facial, and digital<br>malformations. Type I (Papillon-Leage and Psaume syndrome,<br>Gorlin-Psaume syndrome) is inherited as an X-linked dominant<br>trait and is found only in females and XXY males. Type II (Mohr<br>syndrome) is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["Papillon-Lefevre Disease",415,0.0,"D010214","C16.320.850.475.600",0,"Description: Rare, autosomal recessive disorder occurring between<br>the first and fifth years of life. It is characterized by<br>palmoplantar keratoderma with periodontitis followed by the<br>premature shedding of both deciduous and permanent teeth.<br>Mutations in the gene for CATHEPSIN C have been associated with<br>this disease.",""],["Paralyses, Familial Periodic",1634,0.0,"D010245","C16.320.565.618.711",2,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited disorders<br>characterized by recurring attacks of rapidly progressive flaccid<br>paralysis or myotonia. These conditions have in common a mutation<br>of the gene encoding the alpha subunit of the sodium channel in<br>skeletal muscle. They are frequently associated with fluctuations<br>in serum potassium levels. Periodic paralysis may also occur as a<br>non-familial process secondary to THYROTOXICOSIS and other<br>conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1481)",""],["Phenylketonurias",6570,0.1,"D010661","C16.320.565.100.766",1,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a<br>deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE or<br>less frequently by reduced activity of DIHYDROPTERIDINE REDUCTASE<br>(i.e., atypical phenylketonuria). Classical phenylketonuria is<br>caused by a severe deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase and<br>presents in infancy with developmental delay; SEIZURES; skin<br>HYPOPIGMENTATION; ECZEMA; and demyelination in the central<br>nervous system. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p952).",""],["Phenylketonurias",6570,0.1,"D010661","C16.320.565.189.687",1,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a<br>deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE or<br>less frequently by reduced activity of DIHYDROPTERIDINE REDUCTASE<br>(i.e., atypical phenylketonuria). Classical phenylketonuria is<br>caused by a severe deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase and<br>presents in infancy with developmental delay; SEIZURES; skin<br>HYPOPIGMENTATION; ECZEMA; and demyelination in the central<br>nervous system. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p952).",""],["Platybasia",473,0.0,"D010985","C16.131.621.207.720",0,"Description: A developmental deformity of the occipital bone and<br>upper end of the cervical spine, in which the latter appears to<br>have pushed the floor of the occipital bone upward. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Pseudohypoparathyroidism",1610,0.0,"D011547","C16.320.565.618.815",1,"Description: A hereditary syndrome clinically similar to<br>HYPOPARATHYROIDISM. It is characterized by HYPOCALCEMIA;<br>HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA; and associated skeletal development impairment<br>and caused by failure of response to PARATHYROID HORMONE rather<br>than deficiencies. A severe form with resistance to multiple<br>hormones is referred to as Type 1a and is associated with<br>maternal mutant allele of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G<br>PROTEIN.",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C16.131.666.300.780",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C16.320.400.375.780",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C16.320.565.189.813",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C16.320.565.663.760",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome",518,0.0,"D012415","C16.131.621.207.850",0,"Description: A chromosomal disorder characterized by MENTAL<br>RETARDATION, broad thumbs, webbing of fingers and toes, beaked<br>nose, short upper lip, pouting lower lip, agenesis of corpus<br>callosum, large foramen magnum, keloid formation, pulmonary<br>stenosis, vertebral anomalies, chest wall anomalies, sleep apnea,<br>and megacolon. The disease has an autosomal dominant pattern of<br>inheritance and is associated with deletions of the short arm of<br>chromosome 16 (16p13.3).",""],["Scimitar Syndrome",1032,0.0,"D012587","C16.131.240.850.937",0,"Description: An anomalous pulmonary venous return in which the<br>right PULMONARY VEIN is not connected to the LEFT ATRIUM but to<br>the INFERIOR VENA CAVA. Scimitar syndrome is named for the<br>crescent- or Turkish sword-like shadow in the chest radiography<br>and is often associated with hypoplasia of the right lung and<br>right pulmonary artery, and dextroposition of the heart.",""],["Polydactyly",1467,0.0,"D017689","C16.131.621.585.600",2,"Description: A congenital anomaly of the hand or foot, marked by<br>the presence of supernumerary digits.",""],["Sickle Cell Trait",1849,0.0,"D012805","C16.320.070.150.670",0,"Description: The condition of being heterozygous for hemoglobin<br>S.",""],["Sickle Cell Trait",1849,0.0,"D012805","C16.320.365.155.668",0,"Description: The condition of being heterozygous for hemoglobin<br>S.",""],["Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic",3444,0.0,"D013683","C16.131.240.850.968",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant vascular anomaly characterized<br>by telangiectases of the skin and mucous membranes and by<br>recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. This disorder is caused by<br>mutations of a gene (on chromosome 9q3) which encodes endoglin, a<br>membrane glycoprotein that binds TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA.",""],["Tetralogy of Fallot",8099,0.1,"D013771","C16.131.240.400.849",0,"Description: A combination of congenital heart defects consisting<br>of four key features including VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS;<br>PULMONARY STENOSIS; RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; and a dextro-<br>positioned AORTA. In this condition, blood from both ventricles<br>(oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor) is pumped into the body often<br>causing CYANOSIS.",""],["Thanatophoric Dysplasia",309,0.0,"D013796","C16.131.621.585.984",0,"Description: A severe form of neonatal dwarfism with very short<br>limbs. All cases have died at birth or later in the neonatal<br>period.",""],["Thanatophoric Dysplasia",309,0.0,"D013796","C16.320.240.500.500",0,"Description: A severe form of neonatal dwarfism with very short<br>limbs. All cases have died at birth or later in the neonatal<br>period.",""],["Tooth, Supernumerary",1790,0.0,"D014096","C16.131.850.800.850",0,"Description: An extra tooth, erupted or unerupted, resembling or<br>unlike the other teeth in the group to which it belongs. Its<br>presence may cause malposition of adjacent teeth or prevent their<br>eruption.",""],["Trilogy of Fallot",46,0.0,"D014286","C16.131.240.400.960",0,"Description: A combination of congenital heart defects consisting<br>of three key features including ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS; PULMONARY<br>STENOSIS; and RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.1,"D014424","C16.131.240.400.970",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Velopharyngeal Insufficiency",1631,0.0,"D014681","C16.131.850.525.955",0,"Description: Failure of the SOFT PALATE to reach the posterior<br>pharyngeal wall to close the opening between the oral and nasal<br>cavities. Incomplete velopharyngeal closure is primarily related<br>to surgeries (ADENOIDECTOMY; CLEFT PALATE) or an incompetent<br>PALATOPHARYNGEAL SPHINCTER. It is characterized by hypernasal<br>speech.",""],["Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome",4593,0.1,"D014927","C16.131.240.400.980",0,"Description: A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized<br>by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave.<br>In this syndrome, atrial impulses are abnormally conducted to the<br>HEART VENTRICLES via an ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAY that is<br>located between the wall of the right or left atria and the<br>ventricles, also known as a BUNDLE OF KENT. The inherited form<br>can be caused by mutation of PRKAG2 gene encoding a gamma-2<br>regulatory subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C16.131.077.299.750",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C16.320.290.564.980",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C16.320.400.630.980",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["alpha-Thalassemia",4053,0.0,"D017085","C16.320.365.826.100",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the<br>alpha chains of hemoglobin. The severity of this condition can<br>vary from mild anemia to death, depending on the number of genes<br>deleted.",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C16.320.565.189.968",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C16.320.565.663.970",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease",460,0.0,"D015217","C16.320.565.595.201",1,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations<br>in the gene for acid lipase (STEROL ESTERASE). It is<br>characterized by the accumulation of neutral lipids, particularly<br>CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes, fibroblasts, and hepatocytes.",""],["Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease",99,0.0,"D015324","C16.320.565.189.725",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activity, the enzyme<br>that regulates gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and neurotransmitter<br>synthesis. Clinical manifestations include lactic acidosis,<br>seizures, respiratory distress, marked psychomotor delay,<br>periodic HYPOGLYCEMIA, and hypotonia. The clinical course may be<br>similar to LEIGH DISEASE. (From Am J Hum Genet 1998<br>Jun;62(6):1312-9)",""],["Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease",340,0.0,"D015325","C16.320.322.500.875",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient<br>enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX, resulting<br>in deficiency of acetyl CoA and reduced synthesis of<br>acetylcholine. Two clinical forms are recognized: neonatal and<br>juvenile. The neonatal form is a relatively common cause of<br>lactic acidosis in the first weeks of life and may also feature<br>an erythematous rash. The juvenile form presents with lactic<br>acidosis, alopecia, intermittent ATAXIA; SEIZURES; and an<br>erythematous rash. (From J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(4):452-62)<br>Autosomal recessive and X-linked forms are caused by mutations in<br>the genes for the three different enzyme components of this<br>multisubunit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. One of the mutations<br>at Xp22.2-p22.1 in the gene for the E1 alpha component of the<br>complex leads to LEIGH DISEASE.",""],["Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease",340,0.0,"D015325","C16.320.400.525.875",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient<br>enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX, resulting<br>in deficiency of acetyl CoA and reduced synthesis of<br>acetylcholine. Two clinical forms are recognized: neonatal and<br>juvenile. The neonatal form is a relatively common cause of<br>lactic acidosis in the first weeks of life and may also feature<br>an erythematous rash. The juvenile form presents with lactic<br>acidosis, alopecia, intermittent ATAXIA; SEIZURES; and an<br>erythematous rash. (From J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(4):452-62)<br>Autosomal recessive and X-linked forms are caused by mutations in<br>the genes for the three different enzyme components of this<br>multisubunit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. One of the mutations<br>at Xp22.2-p22.1 in the gene for the E1 alpha component of the<br>complex leads to LEIGH DISEASE.",""],["Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease",340,0.0,"D015325","C16.320.565.189.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient<br>enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX, resulting<br>in deficiency of acetyl CoA and reduced synthesis of<br>acetylcholine. Two clinical forms are recognized: neonatal and<br>juvenile. The neonatal form is a relatively common cause of<br>lactic acidosis in the first weeks of life and may also feature<br>an erythematous rash. The juvenile form presents with lactic<br>acidosis, alopecia, intermittent ATAXIA; SEIZURES; and an<br>erythematous rash. (From J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(4):452-62)<br>Autosomal recessive and X-linked forms are caused by mutations in<br>the genes for the three different enzyme components of this<br>multisubunit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. One of the mutations<br>at Xp22.2-p22.1 in the gene for the E1 alpha component of the<br>complex leads to LEIGH DISEASE.",""],["Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary",1761,0.0,"D015419","C16.131.666.300.820",0,"Description: A group of inherited diseases that share similar<br>phenotypes but are genetically diverse. Different genetic loci<br>for autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and x-linked forms<br>of hereditary spastic paraplegia have been identified.<br>Clinically, patients present with slowly progressive distal limb<br>weakness and lower extremity spasticity. Peripheral sensory<br>neurons may be affected in the later stages of the disease. (J<br>Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Jan;64(1):61-6; Curr Opin Neurol<br>1997 Aug;10(4):313-8)",""],["Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary",1761,0.0,"D015419","C16.320.400.375.820",0,"Description: A group of inherited diseases that share similar<br>phenotypes but are genetically diverse. Different genetic loci<br>for autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and x-linked forms<br>of hereditary spastic paraplegia have been identified.<br>Clinically, patients present with slowly progressive distal limb<br>weakness and lower extremity spasticity. Peripheral sensory<br>neurons may be affected in the later stages of the disease. (J<br>Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Jan;64(1):61-6; Curr Opin Neurol<br>1997 Aug;10(4):313-8)",""],["Rett Syndrome",2901,0.0,"D015518","C16.320.322.500.937",0,"Description: An inherited neurological developmental disorder<br>that is associated with X-LINKED INHERITANCE and may be lethal in<br>utero to hemizygous males. The affected female is normal until<br>the age of 6-25 months when progressive loss of voluntary control<br>of hand movements and communication skills; ATAXIA; SEIZURES;<br>autistic behavior; intermittent HYPERVENTILATION; and<br>HYPERAMMONEMIA appear. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p199)",""],["Rett Syndrome",2901,0.0,"D015518","C16.320.400.525.937",0,"Description: An inherited neurological developmental disorder<br>that is associated with X-LINKED INHERITANCE and may be lethal in<br>utero to hemizygous males. The affected female is normal until<br>the age of 6-25 months when progressive loss of voluntary control<br>of hand movements and communication skills; ATAXIA; SEIZURES;<br>autistic behavior; intermittent HYPERVENTILATION; and<br>HYPERAMMONEMIA appear. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p199)",""],["Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Diffuse",256,0.0,"D015776","C16.320.850.475.440",1,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>widely distributed, well-demarcated hyperkeratosis of the palms<br>and soles. There is more than one genotypically distinct form,<br>each of which is clinically similar but histologically<br>distinguishable. Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma is distinct<br>from palmoplantar keratoderma (KERATODERMA, PALMOPLANTAR), as the<br>former exhibits autosomal dominant inheritance and hyperhidrosis<br>is frequently present.",""],["Arachnoid Cysts",2454,0.0,"D016080","C16.131.666.142.100",0,"Description: Intracranial or spinal cavities containing a<br>cerebrospinal-like fluid, the wall of which is composed of<br>arachnoidal cells. They are most often developmental or related<br>to trauma. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to<br>arachnoidal cistern and may present with HYDROCEPHALUS; HEADACHE;<br>SEIZURES; and focal neurologic signs. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1994, Ch44, pp105-115)",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita",566,0.0,"D016107","C16.131.831.493.080",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>trauma-induced, subepidermal blistering with no family history of<br>the disease. Direct immunofluorescence shows IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>deposited at the dermo-epidermal junction.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica",1285,0.0,"D016108","C16.131.831.493.160",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>atrophy of blistered areas, severe scarring, and nail changes. It<br>is most often present at birth or in early infancy and occurs in<br>both autosomal dominant and recessive forms. All forms of<br>dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa result from mutations in<br>COLLAGEN TYPE VII, a major component fibrils of BASEMENT MEMBRANE<br>and EPIDERMIS.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica",1285,0.0,"D016108","C16.320.850.275.160",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>atrophy of blistered areas, severe scarring, and nail changes. It<br>is most often present at birth or in early infancy and occurs in<br>both autosomal dominant and recessive forms. All forms of<br>dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa result from mutations in<br>COLLAGEN TYPE VII, a major component fibrils of BASEMENT MEMBRANE<br>and EPIDERMIS.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa, Junctional",441,0.0,"D016109","C16.131.831.493.170",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa having onset at birth<br>or during the neonatal period and transmitted through autosomal<br>recessive inheritance. It is characterized by generalized blister<br>formation, extensive denudation, and separation and cleavage of<br>the basal cell plasma membranes from the basement membrane.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa, Junctional",441,0.0,"D016109","C16.320.850.275.170",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa having onset at birth<br>or during the neonatal period and transmitted through autosomal<br>recessive inheritance. It is characterized by generalized blister<br>formation, extensive denudation, and separation and cleavage of<br>the basal cell plasma membranes from the basement membrane.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex",532,0.0,"D016110","C16.131.831.493.180",0,"Description: A form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>serous bullae that heal without scarring. Mutations in the genes<br>that encode KERATIN-5 and KERATIN-14 have been associated with<br>several subtypes of epidermolysis bullosa simplex.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex",532,0.0,"D016110","C16.320.850.275.180",0,"Description: A form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>serous bullae that heal without scarring. Mutations in the genes<br>that encode KERATIN-5 and KERATIN-14 have been associated with<br>several subtypes of epidermolysis bullosa simplex.",""],["Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome",278,0.0,"D016111","C16.131.831.512.723",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder<br>characterized by severe ichthyosis MENTAL RETARDATION; SPASTIC<br>PARAPLEGIA; and congenital ICHTHYOSIS. It is caused by mutation<br>of gene encoding microsomal fatty ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE leading<br>to defect in fatty alcohol metabolism.",""],["Ichthyosis Vulgaris",160,0.0,"D016112","C16.131.831.512.410",0,"Description: Most common form of ICHTHYOSIS characterized by<br>prominent scaling especially on the exterior surfaces of the<br>extremities. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.",""],["Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital",1968,0.0,"D016113","C16.131.831.512.400",3,"Description: Designation for several severe forms of ichthyosis,<br>present at birth, that are characterized by hyperkeratotic<br>scaling. Infants may be born encased in a collodion membrane<br>which begins shedding within 24 hours. This is followed in about<br>two weeks by persistent generalized scaling. The forms include<br>bullous (HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC), non-bullous (ICHTHYOSIS,<br>LAMELLAR), wet type, and dry type.",""],["Ichthyosis, X-Linked",240,0.0,"D016114","C16.131.831.512.420",0,"Description: Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a<br>sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and<br>transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe<br>scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with<br>steroid sulfatase deficiency.",""],["Ichthyosis, X-Linked",240,0.0,"D016114","C16.320.565.925.400",0,"Description: Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a<br>sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and<br>transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe<br>scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with<br>steroid sulfatase deficiency.",""],["Albinism, Oculocutaneous",1293,0.0,"D016115","C16.320.290.040.100",1,"Description: Heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders<br>comprising at least four recognized types, all having in common<br>varying degrees of hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes.<br>The two most common are the tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-<br>negative types.",""],["Albinism, Oculocutaneous",1293,0.0,"D016115","C16.320.850.080.100",1,"Description: Heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders<br>comprising at least four recognized types, all having in common<br>varying degrees of hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes.<br>The two most common are the tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-<br>negative types.",""],["Piebaldism",284,0.0,"D016116","C16.320.290.040.600",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant, congenital disorder<br>characterized by localized hypomelanosis of the skin and hair.<br>The most familiar feature is a white forelock presenting in 80 to<br>90 percent of the patients. The underlying defect is possibly<br>related to the differentiation and migration of melanoblasts, as<br>well as to defective development of the neural crest<br>(neurocristopathy). Piebaldism may be closely related to<br>WAARDENBURG SYNDROME.",""],["Piebaldism",284,0.0,"D016116","C16.320.850.080.600",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant, congenital disorder<br>characterized by localized hypomelanosis of the skin and hair.<br>The most familiar feature is a white forelock presenting in 80 to<br>90 percent of the patients. The underlying defect is possibly<br>related to the differentiation and migration of melanoblasts, as<br>well as to defective development of the neural crest<br>(neurocristopathy). Piebaldism may be closely related to<br>WAARDENBURG SYNDROME.",""],["Albinism, Ocular",325,0.0,"D016117","C16.320.290.040.090",0,"Description: Albinism affecting the eye in which pigment of the<br>hair and skin is normal or only slightly diluted. The classic<br>type is X-linked (Nettleship-Falls), but an autosomal recessive<br>form also exists. Ocular abnormalities may include reduced<br>pigmentation of the iris, nystagmus, photophobia, strabismus, and<br>decreased visual acuity.",""],["Albinism, Ocular",325,0.0,"D016117","C16.320.850.080.090",0,"Description: Albinism affecting the eye in which pigment of the<br>hair and skin is normal or only slightly diluted. The classic<br>type is X-linked (Nettleship-Falls), but an autosomal recessive<br>form also exists. Ocular abnormalities may include reduced<br>pigmentation of the iris, nystagmus, photophobia, strabismus, and<br>decreased visual acuity.",""],["Spinal Dysraphism",7183,0.1,"D016135","C16.131.666.680.800",2,"Description: Congenital defects of closure of one or more<br>vertebral arches, which may be associated with malformations of<br>the spinal cord, nerve roots, congenital fibrous bands, lipomas,<br>and congenital cysts. These malformations range from mild (e.g.,<br>SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA) to severe, including rachischisis where<br>there is complete failure of neural tube and spinal cord fusion,<br>resulting in exposure of the spinal cord at the surface. Spinal<br>dysraphism includes all forms of spina bifida. The open form is<br>called SPINA BIFIDA CYSTICA and the closed form is SPINA BIFIDA<br>OCCULTA. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p34)",""],["Holoprosencephaly",1178,0.0,"D016142","C16.131.621.207.410",0,"Description: Anterior midline brain, cranial, and facial<br>malformations resulting from the failure of the embryonic<br>prosencephalon to undergo segmentation and cleavage. Alobar<br>prosencephaly is the most severe form and features anophthalmia;<br>cyclopia; severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT<br>PALATE; SEIZURES; and microcephaly. Semilobar holoprosencepaly is<br>characterized by hypotelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma, nasal<br>malformations, and variable degrees of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.<br>Lobar holoprosencephaly is associated with mild (or absent)<br>facial malformations and intellectual abilities that range from<br>mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY to normal. Holoprosencephaly is<br>associated with CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES.",""],["Holoprosencephaly",1178,0.0,"D016142","C16.131.666.034.875",0,"Description: Anterior midline brain, cranial, and facial<br>malformations resulting from the failure of the embryonic<br>prosencephalon to undergo segmentation and cleavage. Alobar<br>prosencephaly is the most severe form and features anophthalmia;<br>cyclopia; severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT<br>PALATE; SEIZURES; and microcephaly. Semilobar holoprosencepaly is<br>characterized by hypotelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma, nasal<br>malformations, and variable degrees of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.<br>Lobar holoprosencephaly is associated with mild (or absent)<br>facial malformations and intellectual abilities that range from<br>mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY to normal. Holoprosencephaly is<br>associated with CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.0,"D016518","C16.320.400.560.700",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Neurofibromatosis 2",1383,0.0,"D016518","C16.320.700.633.655",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>high incidence of bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as<br>schwannomas (NEURILEMMOMA) of other cranial and peripheral<br>nerves, and other benign intracranial tumors including<br>meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The<br>disease has been linked to mutations of the NF2 gene (GENES,<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2) on chromosome 22 (22q12) and usually<br>presents clinically in the first or second decade of life.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis II",1142,0.0,"D016532","C16.320.322.500.750",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease marked by<br>progressive physical deterioration and caused by a deficiency of<br>L-sulfoiduronate sulfatase. This disease differs from<br>MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS I by slower progression, lack of corneal<br>clouding, and X-linked rather than autosomal recessive<br>inheritance. The mild form produces near-normal intelligence and<br>life span. The severe form usually causes death by age 15.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis II",1142,0.0,"D016532","C16.320.400.525.750",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease marked by<br>progressive physical deterioration and caused by a deficiency of<br>L-sulfoiduronate sulfatase. This disease differs from<br>MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS I by slower progression, lack of corneal<br>clouding, and X-linked rather than autosomal recessive<br>inheritance. The mild form produces near-normal intelligence and<br>life span. The severe form usually causes death by age 15.",""],["Proteus Syndrome",401,0.0,"D016715","C16.131.621.585.620",0,"Description: Hamartoneoplastic malformation syndrome of uncertain<br>etiology characterized by partial GIGANTISM of the hands and/or<br>feet, asymmetry of the limbs, plantar hyperplasia, hemangiomas<br>(HEMANGIOMA), lipomas (LIPOMA), lymphangiomas (LYMPHANGIOMA),<br>epidermal NEVI; MACROCEPHALY; cranial HYPEROSTOSIS, and long-bone<br>overgrowth. Joseph Merrick, the so-called \"elephant man\",<br>apparently suffered from Proteus syndrome and not<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, a disorder with similar characteristics.",""],["Alagille Syndrome",663,0.0,"D016738","C16.131.240.400.044",0,"Description: A multisystem disorder that is characterized by<br>aplasia of intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC),<br>and malformations in the cardiovascular system, the eyes, the<br>vertebral column, and the facies. Major clinical features include<br>JAUNDICE, and congenital heart disease with peripheral PULMONARY<br>STENOSIS. Alagille syndrome may result from heterogeneous gene<br>mutations, including mutations in JAG1 on CHROMOSOME 20 (Type 1)<br>and NOTCH2 on CHROMOSOME 1 (Type 2).",""],["Caroli Disease",396,0.0,"D016767","C16.131.077.245.250",0,"Description: Congenital cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic<br>bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC). It consists of 2 types:<br>simple Caroli disease is characterized by bile duct dilatation<br>(ectasia) alone; and complex Caroli disease is characterized by<br>bile duct dilatation with extensive hepatic fibrosis and portal<br>hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL). Benign renal tubular ectasia<br>is associated with both types of Caroli disease.",""],["Caroli Disease",396,0.0,"D016767","C16.131.314.184.500",0,"Description: Congenital cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic<br>bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC). It consists of 2 types:<br>simple Caroli disease is characterized by bile duct dilatation<br>(ectasia) alone; and complex Caroli disease is characterized by<br>bile duct dilatation with extensive hepatic fibrosis and portal<br>hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL). Benign renal tubular ectasia<br>is associated with both types of Caroli disease.",""],["Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant",4073,0.0,"D016891","C16.131.077.717.500",0,"Description: Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance<br>and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS with<br>progressive deterioration of renal function.",""],["Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant",4073,0.0,"D016891","C16.320.184.625.500",0,"Description: Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance<br>and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS with<br>progressive deterioration of renal function.",""],["Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive",656,0.0,"D017044","C16.131.077.717.510",0,"Description: A genetic disorder with autosomal recessive<br>inheritance, characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS and<br>associated LIVER lesions. Serious manifestations are usually<br>present at BIRTH with high PERINATAL MORTALITY.",""],["Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive",656,0.0,"D017044","C16.320.184.625.510",0,"Description: A genetic disorder with autosomal recessive<br>inheritance, characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS and<br>associated LIVER lesions. Serious manifestations are usually<br>present at BIRTH with high PERINATAL MORTALITY.",""],["alpha-Thalassemia",2231,0.0,"D017085","C16.320.070.875.100",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the<br>alpha chains of hemoglobin. The severity of this condition can<br>vary from mild anemia to death, depending on the number of genes<br>deleted.",""],["beta-Thalassemia",9802,0.1,"D017086","C16.320.070.875.150",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the<br>beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A<br>synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is<br>asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major,<br>Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia),<br>which can result in severe complications and even death,<br>hemoglobin A synthesis is absent.",""],["beta-Thalassemia",9802,0.1,"D017086","C16.320.365.826.150",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the<br>beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A<br>synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is<br>asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major,<br>Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia),<br>which can result in severe complications and even death,<br>hemoglobin A synthesis is absent.",""],["Porphyria, Acute Intermittent",1285,0.0,"D017118","C16.320.850.742.150",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of HYDROXYMETHYLBILANE SYNTHASE in the LIVER, the<br>third enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME.<br>Clinical features are recurrent and life-threatening neurologic<br>disturbances, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and elevated level of<br>AMINOLEVULINIC ACID and PORPHOBILINOGEN in the urine.",""],["Porphyria Cutanea Tarda",960,0.0,"D017119","C16.320.850.742.250",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant or acquired porphyria due to a<br>deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE in the LIVER. It is<br>characterized by photosensitivity and cutaneous lesions with<br>little or no neurologic symptoms. Type I is the acquired form and<br>is strongly associated with liver diseases and hepatic toxicities<br>caused by alcohol or estrogenic steroids. Type II is the familial<br>form.",""],["Porphyria, Hepatoerythropoietic",216,0.0,"D017121","C16.320.850.742.437",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive cutaneous porphyria that is<br>due to a deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE in both the<br>LIVER and the BONE MARROW. Similar to PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDA,<br>this disorder is caused by defects in the fifth enzyme in the<br>8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME, but is a homozygous enzyme<br>deficiency with less than 10% of the normal enzyme activity.<br>Cutaneous lesions are severe and mutilating.",""],["MELAS Syndrome",1350,0.0,"D017241","C16.320.565.189.535",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or<br>generalized seizures, episodes of transient or persistent<br>neurologic dysfunction resembling strokes, and ragged-red fibers<br>on muscle biopsy. Affected individuals tend to be normal at birth<br>through early childhood, then experience growth failure, episodic<br>vomiting, and recurrent cerebral insults resulting in visual loss<br>and hemiparesis. The cortical lesions tend to occur in the<br>parietal and occipital lobes and are not associated with vascular<br>occlusion. VASCULAR HEADACHE is frequently associated and the<br>disorder tends to be familial. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, p117)",""],["MERRF Syndrome",296,0.0,"D017243","C16.320.565.189.545",0,"Description: A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized<br>clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, progressive<br>ataxia, spasticity, and a mild myopathy. Dysarthria, optic<br>atrophy, growth retardation, deafness, and dementia may also<br>occur. This condition tends to present in childhood and to be<br>transmitted via maternal lineage. Muscle biopsies reveal ragged-<br>red fibers and respiratory chain enzymatic defects. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p986)",""],["Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic",377,0.0,"D017488","C16.320.850.400.375",0,"Description: A form of congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant trait and characterized by ERYTHRODERMA and<br>severe hyperkeratosis. It is manifested at birth by blisters<br>followed by the appearance of thickened, horny, verruciform<br>scales over the entire body, but accentuated in flexural areas.<br>Mutations in the genes that encode KERATIN-1 and KERATIN-10 have<br>been associated with this disorder.",""],["Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic",377,0.0,"D017488","C16.614.492.400.375",0,"Description: A form of congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant trait and characterized by ERYTHRODERMA and<br>severe hyperkeratosis. It is manifested at birth by blisters<br>followed by the appearance of thickened, horny, verruciform<br>scales over the entire body, but accentuated in flexural areas.<br>Mutations in the genes that encode KERATIN-1 and KERATIN-10 have<br>been associated with this disorder.",""],["Ichthyosis, Lamellar",906,0.0,"D017490","C16.320.850.400.410",0,"Description: A chronic, congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal recessive trait. Infants are usually born encased in a<br>collodion membrane which sheds within a few weeks. Scaling is<br>generalized and marked with grayish-brown quadrilateral scales,<br>adherent at their centers and free at the edges. In some cases,<br>scales are so thick that they resemble armored plate.",""],["Ichthyosis, Lamellar",906,0.0,"D017490","C16.614.492.400.410",0,"Description: A chronic, congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal recessive trait. Infants are usually born encased in a<br>collodion membrane which sheds within a few weeks. Scaling is<br>generalized and marked with grayish-brown quadrilateral scales,<br>adherent at their centers and free at the edges. In some cases,<br>scales are so thick that they resemble armored plate.",""],["46, XX Disorders of Sex Development",2484,0.0,"D058489","C16.131.939.316.064",3,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals with a female<br>karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical<br>sex is atypical.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C16.131.384.079.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C16.320.290.078.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C16.320.700.900.950",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Spinocerebellar Ataxias",4017,0.0,"D020754","C16.320.400.780.875",1,"Description: A group of predominately late-onset, cerebellar<br>ataxias which have been divided into multiple subtypes based on<br>clinical features and genetic mapping. Progressive ataxia is a<br>central feature of these conditions, and in certain subtypes<br>POLYNEUROPATHY; DYSARTHRIA; visual loss; and other disorders may<br>develop. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch65, pp 12-17; J<br>Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1998 Jun;57(6):531-43)",""],["Odontodysplasia",272,0.0,"D018126","C16.131.850.800.600",0,"Description: A localized arrested tooth development which appears<br>to involve most commonly the anterior teeth, usually on one side<br>of the midline, most often the maxillary central and lateral<br>incisors. Roentgenographically, the teeth have a ghostlike<br>appearance. Calcification and bits of prismatic enamel may be<br>found in the pulp and the enamel is thin and absent in part.<br>(Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)",""],["Pulmonary Atresia",1446,0.0,"D018633","C16.131.240.850.906",0,"Description: A congenital heart defect characterized by the<br>narrowing or complete absence of the opening between the RIGHT<br>VENTRICLE and the PULMONARY ARTERY. Lacking a normal PULMONARY<br>VALVE, unoxygenated blood in the right ventricle can not be<br>effectively pumped into the lung for oxygenation. Clinical<br>features include rapid breathing, CYANOSIS, right ventricle<br>atrophy, and abnormal heart sounds (HEART MURMURS).",""],["Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome",2680,0.0,"D018636","C16.131.240.400.625",0,"Description: A condition caused by underdevelopment of the whole<br>left half of the heart. It is characterized by hypoplasia of the<br>left cardiac chambers (HEART ATRIUM; HEART VENTRICLE), the AORTA,<br>the AORTIC VALVE, and the MITRAL VALVE. Severe symptoms appear in<br>early infancy when DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS closes.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1",1657,0.0,"D018761","C16.320.700.630.500",0,"Description: A form of multiple endocrine neoplasia that is<br>characterized by the combined occurrence of tumors in the<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS, the PITUITARY GLAND, and the PANCREATIC<br>ISLETS. The resulting clinical signs include HYPERPARATHYROIDISM;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA; CUSHING DISEASE; GASTRINOMA;<br>and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. This disease is due to loss-of-<br>function of the MEN1 gene, a tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR<br>SUPPRESSOR) on CHROMOSOME 11 (Locus: 11q13).",""],["Tricuspid Atresia",498,0.0,"D018785","C16.131.240.400.920",0,"Description: Absence of the orifice between the RIGHT ATRIUM and<br>RIGHT VENTRICLE, with the presence of an atrial defect through<br>which all the systemic venous return reaches the left heart. As a<br>result, there is left ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT<br>VENTRICULAR) because the right ventricle is absent or not<br>functional.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a",1117,0.0,"D018813","C16.320.700.630.505",0,"Description: A form of multiple endocrine neoplasia characterized<br>by the presence of medullary carcinoma (CARCINOMA, MEDULLARY) of<br>the THYROID GLAND, and usually with the co-occurrence of<br>PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA, producing CALCITONIN and ADRENALINE,<br>respectively. Less frequently, it can occur with hyperplasia or<br>adenoma of the PARATHYROID GLANDS. This disease is due to gain-<br>of-function mutations of the MEN2 gene on CHROMOSOME 10 (Locus:<br>10q11.2), also known as the RET proto-oncogene that encodes a<br>RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE. It is an autosomal dominant<br>inherited disease.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b",445,0.0,"D018814","C16.320.700.630.510",0,"Description: Similar to MEN2A, it is also caused by mutations of<br>the MEN2 gene, also known as the RET proto-oncogene. Its clinical<br>symptoms include medullary carcinoma (CARCINOMA, MEDULLARY) of<br>THYROID GLAND and PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA of ADRENAL MEDULLA (50%).<br>Unlike MEN2a, MEN2b does not involve PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. It<br>can be distinguished from MEN2A by its neural abnormalities such<br>as mucosal NEUROMAS on EYELIDS; LIP; and TONGUE, and<br>ganglioneuromatosis of GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT leading to<br>MEGACOLON. It is an autosomal dominant inherited disease.",""],["Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic",109,0.0,"D018902","C16.320.565.663.265",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive form of CHONDRODYSPLASIA<br>PUNCTATA characterized by defective plasmalogen biosynthesis and<br>impaired peroxisomes. Patients have shortened proximal limbs and<br>severely disturbed endochondral bone formation. The metabolic<br>defects associated with the impaired peroxisomes are present only<br>in the rhizomelic form of chondrodysplasia punctata. (From<br>Scriver et al, Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease, 6th ed,<br>p1497)",""],["Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation",981,0.0,"D018981","C16.320.565.202.125",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous group of heritable<br>disorders resulting from defects in protein N-glycosylation.",""],["Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome",595,0.0,"D019082","C16.320.565.398.850",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of CHOLESTEROL<br>metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol<br>reductase, the enzyme that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to<br>cholesterol, leading to an abnormally low plasma cholesterol.<br>This syndrome is characterized by multiple CONGENITAL<br>ABNORMALITIES, growth deficiency, and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome",595,0.0,"D019082","C16.320.565.925.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of CHOLESTEROL<br>metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol<br>reductase, the enzyme that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to<br>cholesterol, leading to an abnormally low plasma cholesterol.<br>This syndrome is characterized by multiple CONGENITAL<br>ABNORMALITIES, growth deficiency, and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous",452,0.0,"D019294","C16.320.565.398.925",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder due to<br>mutation of the gene CYP27A1 encoding a CHOLESTANETRIOL<br>26-MONOOXYGENASE. It is characterized by large deposits of<br>CHOLESTEROL and CHOLESTANOL in various tissues resulting in<br>xanthomatous swelling of tendons, early CATARACT, and progressive<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia",2676,0.0,"D019571","C16.131.240.400.145",0,"Description: A congenital cardiomyopathy that is characterized by<br>infiltration of adipose and fibrous tissue into the RIGHT<br>VENTRICLE wall and loss of myocardial cells. Primary injuries<br>usually are at the free wall of right ventricular and right atria<br>resulting in ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.",""],["Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic",271,0.0,"D020158","C16.320.565.100.477",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>deficiencies in the mitochondrial GLYCINE cleavage system.",""],["Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic",271,0.0,"D020158","C16.320.565.189.375",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>deficiencies in the mitochondrial GLYCINE cleavage system.",""],["Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn",1956,0.0,"D056806","C16.320.565.100.940",5,"Description: Rare congenital metabolism disorders of the urea<br>cycle. The disorders are due to mutations that result in complete<br>(neonatal onset) or partial (childhood or adult onset) inactivity<br>of an enzyme, involved in the urea cycle. Neonatal onset results<br>in clinical features that include irritability, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, NEONATAL HYPOTONIA; RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS;<br>HYPERAMMONEMIA; coma, and death. Survivors of the neonatal onset<br>and childhood/adult onset disorders share common risks for<br>ENCEPHALOPATHIES, METABOLIC, INBORN; and RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS<br>due to HYPERAMMONEMIA.",""],["Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn",1956,0.0,"D056806","C16.320.565.189.937",5,"Description: Rare congenital metabolism disorders of the urea<br>cycle. The disorders are due to mutations that result in complete<br>(neonatal onset) or partial (childhood or adult onset) inactivity<br>of an enzyme, involved in the urea cycle. Neonatal onset results<br>in clinical features that include irritability, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, NEONATAL HYPOTONIA; RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS;<br>HYPERAMMONEMIA; coma, and death. Survivors of the neonatal onset<br>and childhood/adult onset disorders share common risks for<br>ENCEPHALOPATHIES, METABOLIC, INBORN; and RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS<br>due to HYPERAMMONEMIA.",""],["Hyperlysinemias",15,0.0,"D020167","C16.320.565.100.544",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders which have<br>in common elevations of serum LYSINE levels. Enzyme deficiencies<br>of alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase and the<br>SACCHAROPINE DEHYDROGENASES have been associated with<br>hyperlysinemia. Clinical manifestations include mental<br>retardation, recurrent emesis, hypotonia, lethargy, diarrhea, and<br>developmental delay. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p56)",""],["Hyperlysinemias",15,0.0,"D020167","C16.320.565.189.380",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders which have<br>in common elevations of serum LYSINE levels. Enzyme deficiencies<br>of alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase and the<br>SACCHAROPINE DEHYDROGENASES have been associated with<br>hyperlysinemia. Clinical manifestations include mental<br>retardation, recurrent emesis, hypotonia, lethargy, diarrhea, and<br>developmental delay. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p56)",""],["Tyrosinemias",523,0.0,"D020176","C16.320.565.100.880",0,"Description: A group of disorders which have in common elevations<br>of tyrosine in the blood and urine secondary to an enzyme<br>deficiency. Type I tyrosinemia features episodic weakness, self-<br>mutilation, hepatic necrosis, renal tubular injury, and seizures<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme fumarylacetoacetase.<br>Type II tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, painful<br>corneal ulcers, and keratoses of the palms and plantar surfaces<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme TYROSINE<br>TRANSAMINASE. Type III tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme<br>4-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp42-3)",""],["Tyrosinemias",523,0.0,"D020176","C16.320.565.189.875",0,"Description: A group of disorders which have in common elevations<br>of tyrosine in the blood and urine secondary to an enzyme<br>deficiency. Type I tyrosinemia features episodic weakness, self-<br>mutilation, hepatic necrosis, renal tubular injury, and seizures<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme fumarylacetoacetase.<br>Type II tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, painful<br>corneal ulcers, and keratoses of the palms and plantar surfaces<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme TYROSINE<br>TRANSAMINASE. Type III tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme<br>4-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp42-3)",""],["Acatalasia",161,0.0,"D020642","C16.320.565.663.050",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting from<br>the absence of CATALASE activity. Though usually asymptomatic, a<br>syndrome of oral ulcerations and gangrene may be present.",""],["Neurocutaneous Syndromes",1033,0.0,"D020752","C16.131.077.350.712",0,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by ectodermal-<br>based malformations and neoplastic growths in the skin, nervous<br>system, and other organs.",""],["Neurocutaneous Syndromes",1033,0.0,"D020752","C16.131.831.350.712",0,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by ectodermal-<br>based malformations and neoplastic growths in the skin, nervous<br>system, and other organs.",""],["Neurocutaneous Syndromes",1033,0.0,"D020752","C16.320.850.250.712",0,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by ectodermal-<br>based malformations and neoplastic growths in the skin, nervous<br>system, and other organs.",""],["Sinus Pericranii",134,0.0,"D020779","C16.131.666.190.800",0,"Description: Rare vascular anomaly involving a communication<br>between the intracranial and extracranial venous circulation via<br>diploe, the central spongy layer of cranial bone. It is often<br>characterized by dilated venous structures on the scalp due to<br>abnormal drainage from the intracranial venous sinuses. Sinus<br>pericranii can be congenital or traumatic in origin.",""],["Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System",1927,0.0,"D020786","C16.131.666.190.200",0,"Description: A vascular anomaly composed of a collection of<br>large, thin walled tortuous VEINS that can occur in any part of<br>the central nervous system but lack intervening nervous tissue.<br>Familial occurrence is common and has been associated with a<br>number of genes mapped to 7q, 7p and 3q. Clinical features<br>include SEIZURES; HEADACHE; STROKE; and progressive neurological<br>deficit.",""],["Central Nervous System Venous Angioma",117,0.0,"D020787","C16.131.666.190.100",0,"Description: A vascular anomaly characterized by a radial or<br>wedge-shaped arrangement of dilated VEINS draining into a larger<br>vein in the brain, spinal cord, or the meninges. Veins in a<br>venous angioma are surrounded by normal nervous tissue, unlike a<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA that lacks<br>intervening nervous tissue. Drainage of venous angioma is fully<br>integrated with the body's venous system, therefore, in most<br>cases there is no clinical signs and rare bleeding.",""],["Bardet-Biedl Syndrome",679,0.0,"D020788","C16.131.077.245.125",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; POLYDACTYLY; OBESITY; MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>hypogenitalism; renal dysplasia; and short stature. This syndrome<br>has been distinguished as a separate entity from LAURENCE-MOON<br>SYNDROME. (From J Med Genet 1997 Feb;34(2):92-8)",""],["Septo-Optic Dysplasia",221,0.0,"D025962","C16.131.666.034.937",0,"Description: A condition resulting from congenital malformations<br>involving the brain. The syndrome of septo-optic dysplasia<br>combines hypoplasia or agenesis of the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM; CORPUS<br>CALLOSUM and the OPTIC NERVE. The extent of the abnormalities can<br>vary. Septo-optic dysplasia is often associated with<br>abnormalities of the HYPOTHALAMUS and other diencephalic<br>structures, and HYPOPITUITARISM.",""],["Septo-Optic Dysplasia",221,0.0,"D025962","C16.131.666.763.500",0,"Description: A condition resulting from congenital malformations<br>involving the brain. The syndrome of septo-optic dysplasia<br>combines hypoplasia or agenesis of the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM; CORPUS<br>CALLOSUM and the OPTIC NERVE. The extent of the abnormalities can<br>vary. Septo-optic dysplasia is often associated with<br>abnormalities of the HYPOTHALAMUS and other diencephalic<br>structures, and HYPOPITUITARISM.",""],["Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial",2169,0.0,"D028227","C16.320.565.176.050",0,"Description: Inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system<br>associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. The<br>different clinical types based on symptoms correspond to the<br>presence of a variety of mutations in several different proteins<br>including transthyretin (PREALBUMIN); APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; and<br>GELSOLIN.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C16.320.565.176.160",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C16.320.565.189.168",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant",336,0.0,"D029241","C16.320.290.564.100",0,"Description: Dominant optic atrophy is a hereditary optic<br>neuropathy causing decreased visual acuity, color vision<br>deficits, a centrocecal scotoma, and optic nerve pallor (Hum.<br>Genet. 1998; 102: 79-86). Mutations leading to this condition<br>have been mapped to the OPA1 gene at chromosome 3q28-q29. OPA1<br>codes for a dynamin-related GTPase that localizes to<br>mitochondria.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant",336,0.0,"D029241","C16.320.400.630.100",0,"Description: Dominant optic atrophy is a hereditary optic<br>neuropathy causing decreased visual acuity, color vision<br>deficits, a centrocecal scotoma, and optic nerve pallor (Hum.<br>Genet. 1998; 102: 79-86). Mutations leading to this condition<br>have been mapped to the OPA1 gene at chromosome 3q28-q29. OPA1<br>codes for a dynamin-related GTPase that localizes to<br>mitochondria.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber",1206,0.0,"D029242","C16.320.290.564.400",0,"Description: A maternally linked genetic disorder that presents<br>in mid-life as acute or subacute central vision loss leading to<br>central scotoma and blindness. The disease has been associated<br>with missense mutations in the mtDNA, in genes for Complex I,<br>III, and IV polypeptides, that can act autonomously or in<br>association with each other to cause the disease. (from Online<br>Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/,<br>MIM#535000 (April 17, 2001))",""],["Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber",1206,0.0,"D029242","C16.320.400.630.400",0,"Description: A maternally linked genetic disorder that presents<br>in mid-life as acute or subacute central vision loss leading to<br>central scotoma and blindness. The disease has been associated<br>with missense mutations in the mtDNA, in genes for Complex I,<br>III, and IV polypeptides, that can act autonomously or in<br>association with each other to cause the disease. (from Online<br>Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/,<br>MIM#535000 (April 17, 2001))",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C16.320.700.900.220",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Coffin-Lowry Syndrome",91,0.0,"D038921","C16.320.322.500.249",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY syndrome<br>that results from mutations in the RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 KINASE<br>gene. Typical manifestations of the disease include an<br>intelligence quotient of less than 50, facial anomalies, and<br>other malformations.",""],["Coffin-Lowry Syndrome",91,0.0,"D038921","C16.320.400.525.249",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY syndrome<br>that results from mutations in the RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 KINASE<br>gene. Typical manifestations of the disease include an<br>intelligence quotient of less than 50, facial anomalies, and<br>other malformations.",""],["Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome, Apparent",74,0.0,"D043204","C16.320.565.925.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disease characterized by childhood<br>onset HYPERTENSION, hypokalemic alkalosis, and low RENIN and<br>ALDOSTERONE secretion. It results from a defect in the activity<br>of the 11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE TYPE 2 enzyme which<br>results in inadequate conversion of CORTISOL to CORTISONE. The<br>build up of unprocessed cortisol to levels that stimulate<br>MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTORS creates the appearance of having<br>excessive MINERALOCORTICOIDS.",""],["LEOPARD Syndrome",212,0.0,"D044542","C16.131.240.400.685",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of<br>its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abnormalities;<br>ocular HYPERTELORISM; PULMONARY STENOSIS; abnormal genitalia;<br>retardation of growth; and DEAFNESS or SENSORINEURAL HEARING<br>LOSS). This syndrome is caused by mutations of PTPN11 gene<br>encoding the non-receptor PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, type 11,<br>and is an allelic to NOONAN SYNDROME. Features of LEOPARD<br>syndrome overlap with those of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 which is<br>caused by mutations in the NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 GENES.",""],["LEOPARD Syndrome",212,0.0,"D044542","C16.131.621.207.525",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of<br>its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abnormalities;<br>ocular HYPERTELORISM; PULMONARY STENOSIS; abnormal genitalia;<br>retardation of growth; and DEAFNESS or SENSORINEURAL HEARING<br>LOSS). This syndrome is caused by mutations of PTPN11 gene<br>encoding the non-receptor PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, type 11,<br>and is an allelic to NOONAN SYNDROME. Features of LEOPARD<br>syndrome overlap with those of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 which is<br>caused by mutations in the NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 GENES.",""],["Coproporphyria, Hereditary",75,0.0,"D046349","C16.320.850.742.074",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of COPROPORPHYRINOGEN OXIDASE in the LIVER, the sixth<br>enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME. Clinical<br>features include both neurological symptoms and cutaneous<br>lesions. Patients excrete increased levels of porphyrin<br>precursors, 5-AMINOLEVULINATE and COPROPORPHYRINS.",""],["Porphyria, Variegate",101,0.0,"D046350","C16.320.850.742.625",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.4) in the<br>LIVER, the seventh enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of<br>HEME. Clinical features include both neurological symptoms and<br>cutaneous lesions. Patients excrete increased levels of porphyrin<br>precursors, COPROPORPHYRINS and protoporphyrinogen.",""],["Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic",367,0.0,"D046351","C16.320.850.742.812",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of FERROCHELATASE (heme synthetase) in both the LIVER<br>and the BONE MARROW, the last enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic<br>pathway of HEME. Clinical features include mainly neurological<br>symptoms, rarely cutaneous lesions, and elevated levels of<br>protoporphyrin and COPROPORPHYRINS in the feces.",""],["Lingual Goiter",27,0.0,"D047268","C16.131.894.500.500",0,"Description: Pathological enlargement of the LINGUAL THYROID,<br>ectopic thyroid tissue at the base of the TONGUE. It may cause<br>upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; DYSPHAGIA; or HYPOTHYROIDISM symptoms.",""],["Plagiocephaly",490,0.0,"D059041","C16.131.621.207.707",1,"Description: The condition characterized by uneven or irregular<br>shape of the head often in parallelogram shape with a flat spot<br>on the back or one side of the head. It can either result from<br>the premature CRANIAL SUTURE closure (CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS) or from<br>external forces (NONSYNOSTOTIC PLAGIOCEPHALY).",""],["Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development",289,0.0,"D050090","C16.131.939.316.343",0,"Description: Conditions of sexual ambiguity in which the<br>individual possesses gonadal tissues of both sexes, tissues from<br>the OVARY and the TESTIS. There can be a testis on one side and<br>an ovary on the other (lateral), or there may be combined ovarian<br>and testicular tissue (ovotestes) on each side (bilateral). The<br>karyotype may be 46,XX; 46,XY; or a mosaic of 46,XX/46,XY. These<br>disorders have historically been called true hermaphroditism.",""],["Usher Syndromes",603,0.0,"D052245","C16.131.077.299.500",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders<br>characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically<br>heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type<br>III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the<br>degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.",""],["Usher Syndromes",603,0.0,"D052245","C16.320.290.684.500",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders<br>characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically<br>heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type<br>III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the<br>degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized",257,0.0,"D052497","C16.320.565.398.745",0,"Description: Congenital disorders, usually autosomal recessive,<br>characterized by severe generalized lack of ADIPOSE TISSUE,<br>extreme INSULIN RESISTANCE, and HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA.",""],["Refsum Disease, Infantile",10,0.0,"D052919","C16.320.565.189.844",0,"Description: An early onset form of phytanic acid storage disease<br>with clinical and biochemical signs different from those of<br>REFSUM DISEASE. Features include MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; OSTEOPOROSIS; and severe liver<br>damage. It can be caused by mutation in a number of genes<br>encoding proteins involving in the biogenesis or assembly of<br>PEROXISOMES.",""],["Refsum Disease, Infantile",10,0.0,"D052919","C16.320.565.663.865",0,"Description: An early onset form of phytanic acid storage disease<br>with clinical and biochemical signs different from those of<br>REFSUM DISEASE. Features include MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; OSTEOPOROSIS; and severe liver<br>damage. It can be caused by mutation in a number of genes<br>encoding proteins involving in the biogenesis or assembly of<br>PEROXISOMES.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C16.320.831.647.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Type 1",93,0.0,"D053307","C16.320.798.625.500",0,"Description: An X-linked hyper-IgM immunodeficiency subtype<br>resulting from mutation in the gene encoding CD40 LIGAND.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic",252,0.0,"D053358","C16.131.077.350.198",0,"Description: An X-linked form of ectodermal dysplasia which<br>results from mutations of the gene encoding ECTODYSPLASIN.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic",252,0.0,"D053358","C16.131.831.350.198",0,"Description: An X-linked form of ectodermal dysplasia which<br>results from mutations of the gene encoding ECTODYSPLASIN.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic",252,0.0,"D053358","C16.320.850.250.198",0,"Description: An X-linked form of ectodermal dysplasia which<br>results from mutations of the gene encoding ECTODYSPLASIN.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 3, Anhidrotic",9,0.0,"D053359","C16.131.077.350.298",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ectodermal dysplasia<br>which is due to mutations in the gene for the EDAR RECEPTOR.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 3, Anhidrotic",9,0.0,"D053359","C16.131.831.350.298",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ectodermal dysplasia<br>which is due to mutations in the gene for the EDAR RECEPTOR.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 3, Anhidrotic",9,0.0,"D053359","C16.320.850.250.298",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ectodermal dysplasia<br>which is due to mutations in the gene for the EDAR RECEPTOR.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia, Hypohidrotic, Autosomal Recessive",46,0.0,"D053360","C16.131.077.350.348",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive form of ectodermal dysplasia<br>which is due to mutations in the gene for the EDAR RECEPTOR or<br>EDAR-ASSOCIATED DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia, Hypohidrotic, Autosomal Recessive",46,0.0,"D053360","C16.131.831.350.348",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive form of ectodermal dysplasia<br>which is due to mutations in the gene for the EDAR RECEPTOR or<br>EDAR-ASSOCIATED DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia, Hypohidrotic, Autosomal Recessive",46,0.0,"D053360","C16.320.850.250.348",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive form of ectodermal dysplasia<br>which is due to mutations in the gene for the EDAR RECEPTOR or<br>EDAR-ASSOCIATED DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN.",""],["Pachyonychia Congenita",234,0.0,"D053549","C16.131.077.350.856",0,"Description: A group of inherited ectodermal dysplasias whose<br>most prominent clinical feature is hypertrophic nail dystrophy<br>resulting in PACHYONYCHIA. Several specific subtypes of<br>pachyonychia congenita have been associated with mutations in<br>genes that encode KERATINS.",""],["Pachyonychia Congenita",309,0.0,"D053549","C16.131.831.350.856",1,"Description: A group of inherited ectodermal dysplasias whose<br>most prominent clinical feature is hypertrophic nail dystrophy<br>resulting in PACHYONYCHIA. Several specific subtypes of<br>pachyonychia congenita have been associated with mutations in<br>genes that encode KERATINS.",""],["Pachyonychia Congenita",309,0.0,"D053549","C16.320.850.250.856",1,"Description: A group of inherited ectodermal dysplasias whose<br>most prominent clinical feature is hypertrophic nail dystrophy<br>resulting in PACHYONYCHIA. Several specific subtypes of<br>pachyonychia congenita have been associated with mutations in<br>genes that encode KERATINS.",""],["Corneal Dystrophy, Juvenile Epithelial of Meesmann",25,0.0,"D053559","C16.320.290.162.204",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of hereditary corneal<br>dystrophy due to a defect in cornea-specific KERATIN formation.<br>Mutations in the genes that encode KERATIN-3 and KERATIN-12 have<br>been linked to this disorder.",""],["Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens",10,0.0,"D053560","C16.131.831.512.408",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ichthyosis<br>characterized by generalized reddening of the skin (ERYTHEMA) and<br>widespread blistering. The disease shows similar, but somewhat<br>milder, clinical and histopathological findings to those in<br>HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC and is associated with the gene<br>that encodes KERATIN-2A.",""],["X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases",234,0.0,"D053632","C16.320.798.750.500",0,"Description: Forms of combined immunodeficiency caused by<br>mutations in the gene for INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA<br>SUBUNIT. Both severe and non-severe subtypes of the disease have<br>been identified.",""],["Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency",140,0.0,"D054067","C16.320.565.798.183",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder affecting<br>DIHYDROPYRIMIDINE DEHYDROGENASE and causing familial<br>pyrimidinemia. It is characterized by thymine-uraciluria in<br>homozygous deficient patients. Even a partial deficiency in the<br>enzyme leaves individuals at risk for developing severe<br>5-FLUOROURACIL-associated toxicity.",""],["Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency",227,0.0,"D054069","C16.320.565.100.614",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid<br>oxidation, and branched chain amino acids (AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-<br>CHAIN); LYSINE; and CHOLINE catabolism, that is due to defects in<br>either subunit of ELECTRON TRANSFER FLAVOPROTEIN or its<br>dehydrogenase, electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone<br>oxidoreductase (EC 1.5.5.1).",""],["Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency",228,0.0,"D054078","C16.320.565.189.593",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in<br>the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutations cholesterol<br>biosynthesis is disrupted and MEVALONIC ACID accumulates. It is<br>characterized by a range of symptoms, including dysmorphic<br>FACIES, psychomotor retardation, CATARACT, hepatosplenomegaly,<br>CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, elevated IMMUNOGLOBULIN D, and recurrent<br>febrile crises with FEVER; LYMPHADENOPATHY; ARTHRALGIA; EDEMA;<br>and rash.",""],["Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency",228,0.0,"D054078","C16.320.565.663.430",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in<br>the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutations cholesterol<br>biosynthesis is disrupted and MEVALONIC ACID accumulates. It is<br>characterized by a range of symptoms, including dysmorphic<br>FACIES, psychomotor retardation, CATARACT, hepatosplenomegaly,<br>CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, elevated IMMUNOGLOBULIN D, and recurrent<br>febrile crises with FEVER; LYMPHADENOPATHY; ARTHRALGIA; EDEMA;<br>and rash.",""],["Malformations of Cortical Development, Group II",1077,0.0,"D054081","C16.131.666.507.450",7,"Description: Cortical malformations secondary to abnormal<br>neuronal CELL MIGRATION in NEUROGENESIS. This group includes<br>COBBLESTONE LISSENCEPHALY and PERIVENTRICULAR NODULAR<br>HETEROTOPIA.",""],["Ectopia Cordis",130,0.0,"D054083","C16.131.240.400.422",0,"Description: A rare developmental defect in which the heart is<br>abnormally located partially or totally outside the THORAX. It is<br>the result of defective fusion of the anterior chest wall.<br>Depending on the location of the heart, ectopia cordis can be<br>thoracic, thoracoabdominal, abdominal, and cervical.",""],["Arachnodactyly",505,0.0,"D054119","C16.131.621.585.174",0,"Description: An abnormal bone development that is characterized<br>by extra long and slender hands and fingers, such that the<br>clenched thumb extends beyond the ulnar side of the hand.<br>Arachnodactyly can include feet and toes. Arachnodactyly has been<br>associated with several gene mutations and syndromes.",""],["Angioedemas, Hereditary",1519,0.0,"D054179","C16.320.798.500.500",0,"Description: Inherited disorders that are characterized by<br>subcutaneous and submucosal EDEMA in the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias",182,0.0,"D054221","C16.320.322.500.186",0,"Description: Disorders comprising a spectrum of brain<br>malformations representing the paradigm of a diffuse neuronal<br>migration disorder. They result in cognitive impairment;<br>SEIZURES; and HYPOTONIA or spasticity. Mutations of two genes,<br>LIS1, the gene for the non-catalytic subunit of PLATELET-<br>ACTIVATING FACTOR ACETYLHYDROLASE IB; and DCX or XLIS, the gene<br>for doublecortin, have been identified as the most common causes<br>of disorders in this spectrum. Additional variants of classical<br>(Type I) lissencephaly have been linked to RELN, the gene for<br>reelin, and ARX, the gene for aristaless related homeobox<br>protein. (From Leventer, R.J., et al, Mol Med Today. 2000<br>Jul;6(7):277-84 and Barkovich, A.J., et al, Neurology. 2005 Dec<br>27;65(12):1873-87.)",""],["Aspartylglucosaminuria",92,0.0,"D054880","C16.320.565.595.100",0,"Description: A recessively inherited, progressive lysosomal<br>storage disease caused by a deficiency of GLYCOSYLASPARAGINASE<br>activity. The lack of this enzyme activity results in the<br>accumulation of N-acetylglucosaminylasparagine (the linkage unit<br>of asparagine-linked glycoproteins) in LYSOSOMES.",""],["Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype",64,0.0,"D054882","C16.131.621.906.181",0,"Description: An inherited condition characterized by multiple<br>malformations of CARTILAGE and bone including CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>midface hypoplasia; radiohumeral SYNOSTOSIS; CHOANAL ATRESIA;<br>femoral bowing; neonatal fractures; and multiple joint<br>CONTRACTURES and, occasionally, urogenital, gastrointestinal or<br>cardiac defects. In utero exposure to FLUCONAZOLE, as well as<br>mutations in at least two separate genes are associated with this<br>condition - POR (encoding P450 (cytochrome) oxidoreductase<br>(NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE)) and FGFR2 (encoding<br>FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2).",""],["Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype",64,0.0,"D054882","C16.320.565.925.324",0,"Description: An inherited condition characterized by multiple<br>malformations of CARTILAGE and bone including CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>midface hypoplasia; radiohumeral SYNOSTOSIS; CHOANAL ATRESIA;<br>femoral bowing; neonatal fractures; and multiple joint<br>CONTRACTURES and, occasionally, urogenital, gastrointestinal or<br>cardiac defects. In utero exposure to FLUCONAZOLE, as well as<br>mutations in at least two separate genes are associated with this<br>condition - POR (encoding P450 (cytochrome) oxidoreductase<br>(NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE)) and FGFR2 (encoding<br>FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2).",""],["Tracheomalacia",258,0.0,"D055090","C16.131.621.953.500",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the TRACHEA. This results in a<br>floppy tracheal wall making patency difficult to maintain. It is<br>characterized by wheezing and difficult breathing.",""],["Bronchomalacia",89,0.0,"D055091","C16.131.621.953.249",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the BRONCHI. This results in a<br>floppy bronchial wall making patency difficult to maintain. It is<br>characterized by wheezing and difficult breathing.",""],["delta-Thalassemia",56,0.0,"D055538","C16.320.070.875.575",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by reduced or<br>absent DELTA-GLOBIN thus effecting the level of HEMOGLOBIN A2, a<br>minor component of adult hemoglobin monitored in the diagnosis of<br>BETA-THALASSEMIA.",""],["delta-Thalassemia",56,0.0,"D055538","C16.320.365.826.575",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by reduced or<br>absent DELTA-GLOBIN thus effecting the level of HEMOGLOBIN A2, a<br>minor component of adult hemoglobin monitored in the diagnosis of<br>BETA-THALASSEMIA.",""],["Lynch Syndrome II",223,0.0,"D055847","C16.320.700.250.500",1,"Description: Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms<br>associated with other malignancies, more commonly of ovarian or<br>uterine origin. When also associated with SEBACEOUS GLAND<br>NEOPLASMS, it is called MUIR-TORRE SYNDROME.",""],["Acrocallosal Syndrome",66,0.0,"D055673","C16.131.666.034.500",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by<br>hypogenesis or agenesis of CORPUS CALLOSUM. Clinical features<br>include MENTAL RETARDATION; CRANIOFACIAL ABNORMALITIES; digital<br>malformations, and growth retardation.",""],["Colloid Cysts",290,0.0,"D056364","C16.131.666.142.200",0,"Description: Benign, congenital, neuroepithelial cysts that are<br>typically filled with a viscous mucus. They usually arise in the<br>anterior portion of the THIRD VENTRICLE between the fornices.",""],["Acute Chest Syndrome",307,0.0,"D056586","C16.320.070.150.219",0,"Description: Respiratory syndrome characterized by the appearance<br>of a new pulmonary infiltrate on chest x-ray, accompanied by<br>symptoms of fever, cough, chest pain, tachypnea, or DYSPNEA,<br>often seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA. Multiple factors<br>(e.g., infection, and pulmonary FAT EMBOLISM) may contribute to<br>the development of the syndrome.",""],["Acute Chest Syndrome",307,0.0,"D056586","C16.320.365.155.219",0,"Description: Respiratory syndrome characterized by the appearance<br>of a new pulmonary infiltrate on chest x-ray, accompanied by<br>symptoms of fever, cough, chest pain, tachypnea, or DYSPNEA,<br>often seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA. Multiple factors<br>(e.g., infection, and pulmonary FAT EMBOLISM) may contribute to<br>the development of the syndrome.",""],["Propionic Acidemia",279,0.0,"D056693","C16.320.565.100.823",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>mutations in PROPIONYL-COA CARBOXYLASE genes that result in<br>dysfunction of branch chain amino acids and of the metabolism of<br>certain fatty acids. Neonatal clinical onset is characterized by<br>severe metabolic acidemia accompanied by hyperammonemia,<br>HYPERGLYCEMIA, lethargy, vomiting, HYPOTONIA; and HEPATOMEGALY.<br>Survivors of the neonatal onset propionic acidemia often show<br>developmental retardation, and intolerance to dietary proteins.<br>Late-onset form of the disease shows mild mental and/or<br>developmental retardation, sometimes without metabolic acidemia.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 1",138,0.0,"D056725","C16.320.099.920.100",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from a partial deficiency of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 2",228,0.0,"D056728","C16.320.099.920.200",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from qualitative deficiencies of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR. The<br>subtype is divided into several variants with each variant having<br>a distinctive pattern of PLATELET-interaction.",""],["von Willebrand Disease, Type 3",94,0.0,"D056729","C16.320.099.920.300",0,"Description: A subtype of von Willebrand disease that results<br>from a total or near total deficiency of VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.",""],["Prolidase Deficiency",47,0.0,"D056732","C16.320.565.100.794",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of metabolism due<br>to mutations in the prolidase gene. It is characterized by<br>recurrent lower extremity skin ulcers, recurrent infections, and<br>FACIES, often with INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Giant Axonal Neuropathy",73,0.0,"D056768","C16.131.666.300.490",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of INTERMEDIATE<br>FILAMENT PROTEINS. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene<br>that codes gigaxonin protein. The mutations result in<br>disorganization of axonal NEUROFILAMENT PROTEINS, formation of<br>the characteristic giant axons, and progressive neuropathy. The<br>clinical features of the disease include early-onset progressive<br>peripheral motor and sensory neuropathies often associated with<br>central nervous system involvement (INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY,<br>seizures, DYSMETRIA, and CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS).",""],["Giant Axonal Neuropathy",73,0.0,"D056768","C16.320.400.375.490",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of INTERMEDIATE<br>FILAMENT PROTEINS. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene<br>that codes gigaxonin protein. The mutations result in<br>disorganization of axonal NEUROFILAMENT PROTEINS, formation of<br>the characteristic giant axons, and progressive neuropathy. The<br>clinical features of the disease include early-onset progressive<br>peripheral motor and sensory neuropathies often associated with<br>central nervous system involvement (INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY,<br>seizures, DYSMETRIA, and CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS).",""],["Alstrom Syndrome",148,0.0,"D056769","C16.131.077.245.063",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include<br>retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS<br>PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity,<br>sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development.<br>Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and<br>progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by<br>mutations in the ALMS1 gene.",""],["Alstrom Syndrome",148,0.0,"D056769","C16.131.666.300.099",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include<br>retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS<br>PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity,<br>sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development.<br>Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and<br>progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by<br>mutations in the ALMS1 gene.",""],["Alstrom Syndrome",148,0.0,"D056769","C16.320.290.684.249",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include<br>retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS<br>PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity,<br>sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development.<br>Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and<br>progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by<br>mutations in the ALMS1 gene.",""],["Alstrom Syndrome",148,0.0,"D056769","C16.320.400.375.099",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include<br>retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS<br>PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity,<br>sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development.<br>Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and<br>progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by<br>mutations in the ALMS1 gene.",""],["Netherton Syndrome",195,0.0,"D056770","C16.614.492.400.705",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease with variable<br>expressions. Clinical features of the disease include variable<br>ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA, CONGENITAL; bamboo hair<br>(trichorrhexis invaginata); and ATOPIC DERMATITIS. The disease is<br>caused by mutations in the SPINK5 gene.",""],["Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium",855,0.0,"D056830","C16.131.240.400.655",0,"Description: Rare congenital cardiomyopathies characterized by<br>the lack of left ventricular myocardium compaction. The<br>noncompaction results in numerous prominent trabeculations and a<br>loose myocardial meshwork (spongy myocardium) in the LEFT<br>VENTRICLE. Heterogeneous clinical features include diminished<br>systolic function sometimes associated with left ventricular<br>dilation, that presents either neonatally or progressively.<br>Often, the RIGHT VENTRICLE is also affected. CONGESTIVE HEART<br>FAILURE; PULMONARY EMBOLISM; and ventricular ARRHYTHMIA are<br>commonly seen.",""],["Barth Syndrome",182,0.0,"D056889","C16.131.240.400.172",0,"Description: Rare congenital X-linked disorder of lipid<br>metabolism. Barth syndrome is transmitted in an X-linked<br>recessive pattern. The syndrome is characterized by muscular<br>weakness, growth retardation, DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, variable<br>NEUTROPENIA, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (type II) and decreases<br>in mitochondrial CARDIOLIPIN level. Other biochemical and<br>morphological mitochondrial abnormalities also exist.",""],["Barth Syndrome",182,0.0,"D056889","C16.320.565.398.224",0,"Description: Rare congenital X-linked disorder of lipid<br>metabolism. Barth syndrome is transmitted in an X-linked<br>recessive pattern. The syndrome is characterized by muscular<br>weakness, growth retardation, DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, variable<br>NEUTROPENIA, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (type II) and decreases<br>in mitochondrial CARDIOLIPIN level. Other biochemical and<br>morphological mitochondrial abnormalities also exist.",""],["Sarcoglycanopathies",86,0.0,"D058088","C16.320.577.280.500",0,"Description: Deficiencies or mutations in the genes for the<br>SARCOGLYCAN COMPLEX subunits. A variety of phenotypes are<br>associated with these mutations including a subgroup of autosomal<br>recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophies, cardiomyopathies, and<br>respiratory deficiency.",""],["Pentalogy of Cantrell",117,0.0,"D058502","C16.131.666.680.705",0,"Description: Rare congenital deformity syndrome characterized by<br>a combination of five anomalies as a result of neural tube<br>defect. The five anomalies are a midline supraumbilical abdominal<br>wall defect (e.g., OMPHALOCELE), a lower STERNUM defect, a<br>congenital intracardiac defect, an anterior DIAPHRAGM defect, and<br>a diaphragmatic PERICARDIUM defect (e.g., PERICARDIAL EFFUSION).<br>Variants with incomplete and variable combinations of the defects<br>are known. ECTOPIA CORDIS; CLEFT LIP; and CLEFT PALATE are often<br>associated with the syndrome.",""],["Single Umbilical Artery",74,0.0,"D058529","C16.131.240.850.952",0,"Description: Congenital abnormality where one, instead of the<br>usual two, UMBILICAL ARTERY connects the fetus to the placenta.",""],["Aicardi Syndrome",101,0.0,"D058540","C16.131.666.034.687",0,"Description: A rare genetic disorder characterized by partial or<br>complete absence of the CORPUS CALLOSUM, resulting in infantile<br>spasms, MENTAL RETARDATION, and lesions of the RETINA or OPTIC<br>NERVE.",""],["Megalencephaly",463,0.0,"D058627","C16.131.621.207.532",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which the<br>occipitofrontal circumference is greater than two standard<br>deviations above the mean for a given age. It is associated with<br>HYDROCEPHALUS; SUBDURAL EFFUSION; ARACHNOID CYSTS; or is part of<br>a genetic condition (e.g., ALEXANDER DISEASE; SOTOS SYNDROME).",""],["Pycnodysostosis",97,0.0,"D058631","C16.320.565.595.800",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by<br>delayed closing of CRANIAL SUTURES, short stature, ACRO-<br>OSTEOLYSIS of distal phalanges, dental and MAXILLOFACIAL<br>ABNORMALITIES and an increase in bone density that results in<br>frequent BONE FRACTURES. It is associated with BONE RESORPTION<br>defect due to mutations in the lysosomal cysteine protease<br>CATHEPSIN K.",""],["Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn",129,0.0,"D059245","C16.614.521.563.737",0,"Description: Abnormal increase in RESPIRATORY RATE in the<br>newborn. It is self-limiting and attributed to the delayed fetal<br>lung fluid clearance often in CAESAREAN SECTION delivery.",""],["Brachydactyly",201,0.0,"D059327","C16.131.621.585.262",0,"Description: Congenital anomaly of abnormally short fingers or<br>toes.",""],["Heterotaxy Syndrome",559,0.0,"D059446","C16.131.240.400.592",0,"Description: Abnormal thoracoabdominal VISCERA arrangement<br>(visceral heterotaxy) or malformation that involves additional<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., heart isomerism; DEXTROCARDIA)<br>and/or abnormal SPLEEN (e.g., asplenia and polysplenia).<br>Irregularities with the central nervous system, the skeleton and<br>urinary tract are often associated with the syndrome.",""],["May-Thurner Syndrome",357,0.0,"D062108","C16.131.240.850.890",0,"Description: A compression of ILIAC VEIN that results in a<br>decreased flow in the vein and in the left LOWER EXTREMITY due to<br>a vascular malformation. It may result in left leg EDEMA, pain,<br>iliofemoral DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS and POSTTHROMBOTIC SYNDROME.<br>Compression of the left common ILIAC VEIN by the right common<br>ILIAC ARTERY against the underlying fifth LUMBAR VERTEBRA is the<br>typical underlying malformation.",""],["Dentofacial Deformities",209,0.0,"D063169","C16.131.850.500.229",0,"Description: An abnormality of the jaws or teeth affecting the<br>contour of the face. Such abnormality could be acquired or<br>congenital.",""],["Malformations of Cortical Development, Group III",309,0.0,"D065704","C16.131.666.507.500",3,"Description: Cortical malformations secondary to abnormal<br>cortical maturation after CELL MIGRATION in NEUROGENESIS. This<br>group includes injury to the cortex during later stages of<br>cortical development such as POLYMICROGYRIA and focal cortical<br>dysplasias.",""],["Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors",39181,0.4,"D008052","C16.320.565.398",41,"Description: Errors in the metabolism of LIPIDS resulting from<br>inborn genetic MUTATIONS that are heritable.",""],["Fused Kidney",184,0.0,"D000069337","C16.131.939.445",0,"Description: Congenital fusion of two kidneys.",""],["Limb Deformities, Congenital",23613,0.3,"D017880","C16.131.621.585",22,"Description: Congenital structural deformities of the upper and<br>lower extremities collectively or unspecified.",""],["Synostosis",12002,0.1,"D013580","C16.131.621.906",8,"Description: A union between adjacent bones or parts of a single<br>bone formed by osseous material, such as ossified connecting<br>cartilage or fibrous tissue. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Anorectal Malformations",503,0.0,"D000071056","C16.131.314.047",0,"Description: Congenital defects in the anus and the rectum often<br>involving the urinary and genital tracts.",""],["Cone-Rod Dystrophies",146,0.0,"D000071700","C16.320.290.152",0,"Description: Genetically heterogeneous and sometimes syndromic<br>(e.g., BARDET BIEDL SYNDROME; and SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA TYPE 7)<br>retinopathies with initial RETINAL CONE involvement. They are<br>characterized by decreased VISUAL ACUITY; COLOR VISION DEFECTS;<br>progressive loss of peripheral vision and night blindness.",""],["Ciliopathies",6328,0.1,"D000072661","C16.131.077.245",6,"Description: Genetic disorders caused by defects in genes related<br>to the primary CILIUM; BASAL BODY; or CENTROSOME. Primary<br>features may include obesity, SKELETAL DYSPLASIA; POLYDACTYLY and<br>malformations that primarily involve the liver, eye or kidneys.",""],["Trisomy 13 Syndrome",138,0.0,"D000073839","C16.131.077.919",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 13. Clinical manifestations include<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS), facial<br>malformations (e.g., CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; COLOBOMA;<br>MICROPHTHALMIA); HYPOTONIA, digit malformations (e.g.,<br>POLYDACTYLY or SYNDACTYLY), and SEIZURES and severe INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY associated with NERVOUS SYSTEM MALFORMATIONS.",""],["Heart Defects, Congenital",165513,1.9,"D006330","C16.131.240.400",52,"Description: Developmental abnormalities involving structures of<br>the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be<br>discovered later in life.",""],["Trisomy 13 Syndrome",138,0.0,"D000073839","C16.131.260.923",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 13. Clinical manifestations include<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS), facial<br>malformations (e.g., CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; COLOBOMA;<br>MICROPHTHALMIA); HYPOTONIA, digit malformations (e.g.,<br>POLYDACTYLY or SYNDACTYLY), and SEIZURES and severe INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY associated with NERVOUS SYSTEM MALFORMATIONS.",""],["Trisomy 13 Syndrome",138,0.0,"D000073839","C16.320.180.923",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 13. Clinical manifestations include<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS), facial<br>malformations (e.g., CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; COLOBOMA;<br>MICROPHTHALMIA); HYPOTONIA, digit malformations (e.g.,<br>POLYDACTYLY or SYNDACTYLY), and SEIZURES and severe INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY associated with NERVOUS SYSTEM MALFORMATIONS.",""],["Trisomy 18 Syndrome",182,0.0,"D000073842","C16.131.077.929",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 18. Clinical manifestations include<br>INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; CLEFT PALATE; CONGENITAL HEART<br>DEFECTS; MICROCEPHALY; MICROGNATHIA and clenched fists with<br>overlapping fingers. Most affected fetuses do not survive to<br>birth. Those who survive through their first year often have<br>severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Trisomy 18 Syndrome",182,0.0,"D000073842","C16.131.260.932",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 18. Clinical manifestations include<br>INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; CLEFT PALATE; CONGENITAL HEART<br>DEFECTS; MICROCEPHALY; MICROGNATHIA and clenched fists with<br>overlapping fingers. Most affected fetuses do not survive to<br>birth. Those who survive through their first year often have<br>severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Trisomy 18 Syndrome",182,0.0,"D000073842","C16.320.180.932",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all<br>or part of CHROMOSOME 18. Clinical manifestations include<br>INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; CLEFT PALATE; CONGENITAL HEART<br>DEFECTS; MICROCEPHALY; MICROGNATHIA and clenched fists with<br>overlapping fingers. Most affected fetuses do not survive to<br>birth. Those who survive through their first year often have<br>severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Vascular Malformations",56418,0.6,"D054079","C16.131.240.850",18,"Description: A spectrum of congenital, inherited, or acquired<br>abnormalities in BLOOD VESSELS that can adversely affect the<br>normal blood flow in ARTERIES or VEINS. Most are congenital<br>defects such as abnormal communications between blood vessels<br>(fistula), shunting of arterial blood directly into veins<br>bypassing the CAPILLARIES (arteriovenous malformations),<br>formation of large dilated blood blood-filled vessels (cavernous<br>angioma), and swollen capillaries (capillary telangiectases). In<br>rare cases, vascular malformations can result from trauma or<br>diseases.",""],["Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy",83,0.0,"D000076984","C16.614.131.294",0,"Description: Perinatal nerve injury involving the BRACHIAL PLEXUS<br>involving a weak or paralyzed upper extremity.",""],["Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction",29,0.0,"D000080222","C16.131.314.778",0,"Description: A group of anatomical variations in which the COMMON<br>BILE DUCT and MAIN PANCREATIC DUCT are joined outside the<br>duodenal wall often with abnormally long common channel rather<br>than at the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.",""],["Optic Nerve Hypoplasia",244,0.0,"D000080344","C16.131.666.763",1,"Description: A group of rare genetic disorders characterized by<br>underdeveloped OPTIC NERVES, resulting in increased incidences of<br>vision impairment, CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS and STRABISMUS. It may be<br>syndromic, and is often associated with CNS malformations.",""],["Optic Nerve Hypoplasia",23,0.0,"D000080344","C16.320.290.612",0,"Description: A group of rare genetic disorders characterized by<br>underdeveloped OPTIC NERVES, resulting in increased incidences of<br>vision impairment, CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS and STRABISMUS. It may be<br>syndromic, and is often associated with CNS malformations.",""],["Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathies",62,0.0,"D000080345","C16.131.384.424",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>incomplete development of the retinal vasculature. Its severity<br>can vary from complete blindness in infancy, to mild or no visual<br>problems, where small areas of vascular defects are observable<br>only by FLUORESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY. Exudative vitreoretinopathy 1 is<br>associated with mutations in the FZD4 gene.",""],["Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathies",62,0.0,"D000080345","C16.320.290.352",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>incomplete development of the retinal vasculature. Its severity<br>can vary from complete blindness in infancy, to mild or no visual<br>problems, where small areas of vascular defects are observable<br>only by FLUORESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY. Exudative vitreoretinopathy 1 is<br>associated with mutations in the FZD4 gene.",""],["Stargardt Disease",117,0.0,"D000080362","C16.320.290.724",0,"Description: A juvenile-onset macular dystrophy characterized by<br>progressive loss of VISUAL ACUITY with normal acuity in<br>peripheral VISUAL FIELDS. Other associated clinical features may<br>include LIPOFUSCIN fundus autofluorescence, atrophy of the<br>RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM, loss of color vision, PHOTOPHOBIA and<br>PARACENTRAL SCOTOMA. Germline mutations in the ABCA4 gene have<br>been identified in recessive and dominant diseases.",""],["Hereditary Complement Deficiency Diseases",1560,0.0,"D000081208","C16.320.798.500",1,"Description: Genetic disorders due to mutations in genes involved<br>in COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They are often classified into<br>distinct pathway of complement activation where causative<br>mutations are found (e.g., classical pathway, lectin pathway,<br>alternative pathway, and terminal complement pathway).",""],["Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip",7757,0.1,"D000082602","C16.131.621.297",1,"Description: Dislocation of the HIP JOINT from an abnormal<br>FEMORAL HEAD to the ACETABULUM relationship. It is most often due<br>to ligamentous laxity, abnormal positioning of the joint and<br>various other developmental, congenital factors, and method of<br>delivery (e.g., OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS). When dislocation is diagnosed<br>in neonates it is referred to as CONGENITAL HIP DYSPLASIA.",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss",396,0.0,"D020389","C16.320.322.625",1,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited muscular dystrophy<br>without the involvement of nervous system. The disease is<br>characterized by MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; CONTRACTURE<br>of the elbows; ACHILLES TENDON; and posterior cervical muscles;<br>with or without cardiac features. There are several INHERITANCE<br>PATTERNS including X-linked (X CHROMOSOME), autosomal dominant<br>(for LMNA-associated type see AUTOSOMAL EMERY-DREIFUSS MUSCULAR<br>DYSTROPHY), and autosomal recessive gene mutations.",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss",396,0.0,"D020389","C16.320.577.350",1,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited muscular dystrophy<br>without the involvement of nervous system. The disease is<br>characterized by MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; CONTRACTURE<br>of the elbows; ACHILLES TENDON; and posterior cervical muscles;<br>with or without cardiac features. There are several INHERITANCE<br>PATTERNS including X-linked (X CHROMOSOME), autosomal dominant<br>(for LMNA-associated type see AUTOSOMAL EMERY-DREIFUSS MUSCULAR<br>DYSTROPHY), and autosomal recessive gene mutations.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia",5712,0.1,"D004476","C16.131.077.350",7,"Description: A group of hereditary disorders involving tissues<br>and structures derived from the embryonic ectoderm. They are<br>characterized by the presence of abnormalities at birth and<br>involvement of both the epidermis and skin appendages. They are<br>generally nonprogressive and diffuse. Various forms exist,<br>including anhidrotic and hidrotic dysplasias, FOCAL DERMAL<br>HYPOPLASIA, and aplasia cutis congenita.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia",5787,0.1,"D004476","C16.131.831.350",8,"Description: A group of hereditary disorders involving tissues<br>and structures derived from the embryonic ectoderm. They are<br>characterized by the presence of abnormalities at birth and<br>involvement of both the epidermis and skin appendages. They are<br>generally nonprogressive and diffuse. Various forms exist,<br>including anhidrotic and hidrotic dysplasias, FOCAL DERMAL<br>HYPOPLASIA, and aplasia cutis congenita.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia",5787,0.1,"D004476","C16.320.850.250",8,"Description: A group of hereditary disorders involving tissues<br>and structures derived from the embryonic ectoderm. They are<br>characterized by the presence of abnormalities at birth and<br>involvement of both the epidermis and skin appendages. They are<br>generally nonprogressive and diffuse. Various forms exist,<br>including anhidrotic and hidrotic dysplasias, FOCAL DERMAL<br>HYPOPLASIA, and aplasia cutis congenita.",""],["Achondroplasia",2181,0.0,"D000130","C16.320.240.500",1,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder that is the most<br>frequent form of short-limb dwarfism. Affected individuals<br>exhibit short stature caused by rhizomelic shortening of the<br>limbs, characteristic facies with frontal bossing and mid-face<br>hypoplasia, exaggerated lumbar lordosis, limitation of elbow<br>extension, GENU VARUM, and trident hand. (Online Mendelian<br>Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim, MIM#100800,<br>April 20, 2001)",""],["Acidosis, Renal Tubular",2382,0.0,"D000141","C16.320.831.093",0,"Description: A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES<br>characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids<br>with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS.<br>Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low<br>renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications<br>such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and<br>NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS.",""],["Craniofacial Abnormalities",56556,0.6,"D019465","C16.131.621.207",31,"Description: Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or<br>other abnormalities of the cranium and facial bones.",""],["Acrodermatitis",2019,0.0,"D000169","C16.131.831.066",0,"Description: Inflammation involving the skin of the extremities,<br>especially the hands and feet. Several forms are known, some<br>idiopathic and some hereditary. The infantile form is called<br>Gianotti-Crosti syndrome.",""],["Disorders of Sex Development",44266,0.5,"D012734","C16.131.939.316",28,"Description: In gonochoristic organisms, congenital conditions in<br>which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is<br>atypical. Effects from exposure to abnormal levels of GONADAL<br>HORMONES in the maternal environment, or disruption of the<br>function of those hormones by ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS are included.",""],["Steroid Metabolism, Inborn Errors",7969,0.1,"D043202","C16.320.565.925",5,"Description: Errors in metabolic processing of STEROIDS resulting<br>from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in<br>utero.",""],["Mental Retardation, X-Linked",14456,0.2,"D038901","C16.320.322.500",9,"Description: A class of genetic disorders resulting in<br>INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY that is associated either with mutations<br>of GENES located on the X CHROMOSOME or aberrations in the<br>structure of the X chromosome (SEX CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS).",""],["Mental Retardation, X-Linked",14274,0.2,"D038901","C16.320.400.525",8,"Description: A class of genetic disorders resulting in<br>INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY that is associated either with mutations<br>of GENES located on the X CHROMOSOME or aberrations in the<br>structure of the X chromosome (SEX CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS).",""],["Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn",54471,0.6,"D020739","C16.320.565.189",61,"Description: Brain disorders resulting from inborn metabolic<br>errors, primarily from enzymatic defects which lead to substrate<br>accumulation, product reduction, or increase in toxic metabolites<br>through alternate pathways. The majority of these conditions are<br>familial, however spontaneous mutation may also occur in utero.",""],["Peroxisomal Disorders",3829,0.0,"D018901","C16.320.565.663",7,"Description: A heterogeneous group of inherited metabolic<br>disorders marked by absent or dysfunctional PEROXISOMES.<br>Peroxisomal enzymatic abnormalities may be single or multiple.<br>Biosynthetic peroxisomal pathways are compromised, including the<br>ability to synthesize ether lipids and to oxidize long-chain<br>fatty acid precursors. Diseases in this category include<br>ZELLWEGER SYNDROME; INFANTILE REFSUM DISEASE; rhizomelic<br>chondrodysplasia (CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, RHIZOMELIC);<br>hyperpipecolic acidemia; neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy; and<br>ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY (X-linked). Neurologic dysfunction is a<br>prominent feature of most peroxisomal disorders.",""],["Afibrinogenemia",2122,0.0,"D000347","C16.320.099.056",0,"Description: A deficiency or absence of FIBRINOGEN in the blood.",""],["Albinism",3234,0.0,"D000417","C16.320.290.040",4,"Description: General term for a number of inherited defects of<br>amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence<br>of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair.",""],["Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors",26658,0.3,"D000592","C16.320.565.100",26,"Description: Disorders affecting amino acid metabolism. The<br>majority of these disorders are inherited and present in the<br>neonatal period with metabolic disturbances (e.g., ACIDOSIS) and<br>neurologic manifestations. They are present at birth, although<br>they may not become symptomatic until later in life.",""],["Albinism",3234,0.0,"D000417","C16.320.850.080",4,"Description: General term for a number of inherited defects of<br>amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence<br>of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair.",""],["Tooth Abnormalities",13535,0.2,"D014071","C16.131.850.800",10,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the teeth.",""],["Renal Aminoacidurias",1873,0.0,"D000608","C16.320.831.885",2,"Description: A group of inherited kidney disorders characterized<br>by the abnormally elevated levels of AMINO ACIDS in URINE.<br>Genetic mutations of transport proteins result in the defective<br>reabsorption of free amino acids at the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES.<br>Renal aminoaciduria are classified by the specific amino acid or<br>acids involved.",""],["Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital",576,0.0,"D000742","C16.320.070.095",0,"Description: A familial disorder characterized by ANEMIA with<br>multinuclear ERYTHROBLASTS, karyorrhexis, asynchrony of nuclear<br>and cytoplasmic maturation, and various nuclear abnormalities of<br>bone marrow erythrocyte precursors (ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELLS).<br>Type II is the most common of the 3 types; it is often referred<br>to as HEMPAS, based on the Hereditary Erythroblast<br>Multinuclearity with Positive Acidified Serum test.",""],["Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Nonspherocytic",717,0.0,"D000746","C16.320.070.100",0,"Description: Any one of a group of congenital hemolytic anemias<br>in which there is no abnormal hemoglobin or spherocytosis and in<br>which there is a defect of glycolysis in the erythrocyte. Common<br>causes include deficiencies in GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE;<br>PYRUVATE KINASE; and GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE.",""],["Anemia, Sickle Cell",24927,0.3,"D000755","C16.320.070.150",3,"Description: A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia,<br>episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many<br>organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for<br>hemoglobin S.",""],["Anemia, Sickle Cell",24927,0.3,"D000755","C16.320.365.155",3,"Description: A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia,<br>episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many<br>organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for<br>hemoglobin S.",""],["Anencephaly",2037,0.0,"D000757","C16.131.085.197",0,"Description: A malformation of the nervous system caused by<br>failure of the anterior neuropore to close. Infants are born with<br>intact spinal cords, cerebellums, and brainstems, but lack<br>formation of neural structures above this level. The skull is<br>only partially formed but the eyes are usually normal. This<br>condition may be associated with folate deficiency. Affected<br>infants are only capable of primitive (brain stem) reflexes and<br>usually do not survive for more than two weeks. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p247)",""],["Neural Tube Defects",28888,0.3,"D009436","C16.131.666.680",9,"Description: Congenital malformations of the central nervous<br>system and adjacent structures related to defective neural tube<br>closure during the first trimester of pregnancy generally<br>occurring between days 18-29 of gestation. Ectodermal and<br>mesodermal malformations (mainly involving the skull and<br>vertebrae) may occur as a result of defects of neural tube<br>closure. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, pp31-41)",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.0,"D000795","C16.320.322.124",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Lysosomal Storage Diseases",31194,0.4,"D016464","C16.320.565.595",39,"Description: Inborn errors of metabolism characterized by defects<br>in specific lysosomal hydrolases and resulting in intracellular<br>accumulation of unmetabolized substrates.",""],["Anophthalmos",915,0.0,"D000853","C16.131.384.159",0,"Description: Congenital absence of the eye or eyes.",""],["Anus, Imperforate",1936,0.0,"D001006","C16.131.314.094",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality characterized by the<br>persistence of the anal membrane, resulting in a thin membrane<br>covering the normal ANAL CANAL. Imperforation is not always<br>complete and is treated by surgery in infancy. This defect is<br>often associated with NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS; MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>and DOWN SYNDROME.",""],["Arthrogryposis",1981,0.0,"D001176","C16.131.621.077",0,"Description: Persistent flexure or contracture of a joint.",""],["Ataxia Telangiectasia",2573,0.0,"D001260","C16.320.798.250",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder<br>characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood,<br>progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and<br>SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and<br>RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are<br>prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections,<br>lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-<br>FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes<br>a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to<br>chromosome 11 (11q22-q23).",""],["Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome",1276,0.0,"D001478","C16.131.077.130",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal<br>cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal<br>defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated<br>and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and<br>cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal<br>dominant.",""],["Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome",1276,0.0,"D001478","C16.320.700.175",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal<br>cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal<br>defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated<br>and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and<br>cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal<br>dominant.",""],["Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome",1045,0.0,"D001506","C16.131.077.133",0,"Description: A syndrome of multiple defects characterized<br>primarily by umbilical hernia (HERNIA, UMBILICAL); MACROGLOSSIA;<br>and GIGANTISM; and secondarily by visceromegaly; HYPOGLYCEMIA;<br>and ear abnormalities.",""],["Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome",1045,0.0,"D001506","C16.131.260.080",0,"Description: A syndrome of multiple defects characterized<br>primarily by umbilical hernia (HERNIA, UMBILICAL); MACROGLOSSIA;<br>and GIGANTISM; and secondarily by visceromegaly; HYPOGLYCEMIA;<br>and ear abnormalities.",""],["Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome",1045,0.0,"D001506","C16.320.180.080",0,"Description: A syndrome of multiple defects characterized<br>primarily by umbilical hernia (HERNIA, UMBILICAL); MACROGLOSSIA;<br>and GIGANTISM; and secondarily by visceromegaly; HYPOGLYCEMIA;<br>and ear abnormalities.",""],["Behcet Syndrome",10124,0.1,"D001528","C16.320.382.250",0,"Description: Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the<br>small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized<br>by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and<br>uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness<br>and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal<br>ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as<br>well.",""],["Bernard-Soulier Syndrome",378,0.0,"D001606","C16.320.099.080",0,"Description: A familial coagulation disorder characterized by a<br>prolonged bleeding time, unusually large platelets, and impaired<br>prothrombin consumption.",""],["Biliary Atresia",3266,0.0,"D001656","C16.131.314.125",0,"Description: Progressive destruction or the absence of all or<br>part of the extrahepatic BILE DUCTS, resulting in the complete<br>obstruction of BILE flow. Usually, biliary atresia is found in<br>infants and accounts for one third of the neonatal cholestatic<br>JAUNDICE.",""],["Bladder Exstrophy",2033,0.0,"D001746","C16.131.939.132",0,"Description: A birth defect in which the URINARY BLADDER is<br>malformed and exposed, inside out, and protruded through the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL. It is caused by closure defects involving the top<br>front surface of the bladder, as well as the lower abdominal<br>wall; SKIN; MUSCLES; and the pubic bone.",""],["Bloom Syndrome",519,0.0,"D001816","C16.131.077.137",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>telangiectatic ERYTHEMA of the face, photosensitivity, DWARFISM<br>and other abnormalities, and a predisposition toward developing<br>cancer. The Bloom syndrome gene (BLM) encodes a RecQ-like DNA<br>helicase.",""],["Bloom Syndrome",519,0.0,"D001816","C16.320.798.313",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>telangiectatic ERYTHEMA of the face, photosensitivity, DWARFISM<br>and other abnormalities, and a predisposition toward developing<br>cancer. The Bloom syndrome gene (BLM) encodes a RecQ-like DNA<br>helicase.",""],["Bronchogenic Cyst",1426,0.0,"D001994","C16.131.740.195",0,"Description: A usually spherical cyst, arising as an embryonic<br>out-pouching of the foregut or trachea. It is generally found in<br>the mediastinum or lung and is usually asymptomatic unless it<br>becomes infected.",""],["Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia",4646,0.1,"D001997","C16.614.521.125",0,"Description: A chronic lung disease developed after OXYGEN<br>INHALATION THERAPY or mechanical ventilation (VENTILATION,<br>MECHANICAL) usually occurring in certain premature infants<br>(INFANT, PREMATURE) or newborn infants with respiratory distress<br>syndrome (RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, NEWBORN).<br>Histologically, it is characterized by the unusual abnormalities<br>of the bronchioles, such as METAPLASIA, decrease in alveolar<br>number, and formation of CYSTS.",""],["Bronchopulmonary Sequestration",2110,0.0,"D001998","C16.131.740.214",0,"Description: A developmental anomaly in which a mass of<br>nonfunctioning lung tissue lacks normal connection with the<br>tracheobroncheal tree and receives an anomalous blood supply<br>originating from the descending thoracic or abdominal aorta. The<br>mass may be extralobar, i.e., completely separated from normally<br>connected lung, or intralobar, i.e., partly surrounded by normal<br>lung.",""],["Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors",31118,0.3,"D002239","C16.320.565.202",37,"Description: Dysfunctions of CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM resulting<br>from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in<br>utero.",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Dilated",14831,0.2,"D002311","C16.320.488.750",0,"Description: A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is<br>characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION,<br>and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL<br>DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in<br>the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.",""],["Spinocerebellar Degenerations",9299,0.1,"D013132","C16.320.400.780",5,"Description: A heterogenous group of degenerative syndromes<br>marked by progressive cerebellar dysfunction either in isolation<br>or combined with other neurologic manifestations. Sporadic and<br>inherited subtypes occur. Inheritance patterns include autosomal<br>dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked.",""],["Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations",14544,0.2,"D020785","C16.131.666.190",5,"Description: Congenital, inherited, or acquired abnormalities<br>involving ARTERIES; VEINS; or venous sinuses in the BRAIN; SPINAL<br>CORD; and MENINGES.",""],["Cervical Rib Syndrome",189,0.0,"D002573","C16.131.621.174",0,"Description: A condition associated with compression of the<br>BRACHIAL PLEXUS; SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY; and SUBCLAVIAN VEIN at the<br>thoracic outlet and caused by a complete or incomplete anomalous<br>CERVICAL RIB or fascial band connecting the tip of a cervical rib<br>with the first thoracic rib. Clinical manifestations may include<br>pain in the neck and shoulder which radiates into the upper<br>extremity, PARESIS or PARALYSIS of brachial plexus innervated<br>muscles; sensory loss; PARESTHESIAS; ISCHEMIA; and EDEMA. (Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p214)",""],["Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy",8134,0.1,"D015417","C16.131.666.300",5,"Description: A group of slowly progressive inherited disorders<br>affecting motor and sensory peripheral nerves. Subtypes include<br>HMSNs I-VII. HMSN I and II both refer to CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH<br>DISEASE. HMSN III refers to hypertrophic neuropathy of infancy.<br>HMSN IV refers to REFSUM DISEASE. HMSN V refers to a condition<br>marked by a hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated<br>with spastic paraplegia (see SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA, HEREDITARY).<br>HMSN VI refers to HMSN associated with an inherited optic atrophy<br>(OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY), and HMSN VII refers to HMSN<br>associated with retinitis pigmentosa. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy",8134,0.1,"D015417","C16.320.400.375",5,"Description: A group of slowly progressive inherited disorders<br>affecting motor and sensory peripheral nerves. Subtypes include<br>HMSNs I-VII. HMSN I and II both refer to CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH<br>DISEASE. HMSN III refers to hypertrophic neuropathy of infancy.<br>HMSN IV refers to REFSUM DISEASE. HMSN V refers to a condition<br>marked by a hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated<br>with spastic paraplegia (see SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA, HEREDITARY).<br>HMSN VI refers to HMSN associated with an inherited optic atrophy<br>(OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY), and HMSN VII refers to HMSN<br>associated with retinitis pigmentosa. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Chediak-Higashi Syndrome",684,0.0,"D002609","C16.320.798.375",0,"Description: A form of phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction<br>characterized by unusual oculocutaneous albinism, high incidence<br>of lymphoreticular neoplasms, and recurrent pyogenic infections.<br>In many cell types, abnormal lysosomes are present leading to<br>defective pigment distribution and abnormal neutrophil functions.<br>The disease is transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance and<br>a similar disorder occurs in the beige mouse, the Aleutian mink,<br>and albino Hereford cattle.",""],["Choanal Atresia",761,0.0,"D002754","C16.131.740.271",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality that is characterized by a<br>blocked CHOANAE, the opening between the nose and the<br>NASOPHARYNX. Blockage can be unilateral or bilateral; bony or<br>membranous.",""],["Hemophilia B",3880,0.0,"D002836","C16.320.099.510",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation factor IX<br>inherited as an X-linked disorder. (Also known as Christmas<br>Disease, after the first patient studied in detail, not the holy<br>day.) Historical and clinical features resemble those in classic<br>hemophilia (HEMOPHILIA A), but patients present with fewer<br>symptoms. Severity of bleeding is usually similar in members of a<br>single family. Many patients are asymptomatic until the<br>hemostatic system is stressed by surgery or trauma. Treatment is<br>similar to that for hemophilia A. (From Cecil Textbook of<br>Medicine, 19th ed, p1008)",""],["Hemophilia B",3880,0.0,"D002836","C16.320.322.235",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation factor IX<br>inherited as an X-linked disorder. (Also known as Christmas<br>Disease, after the first patient studied in detail, not the holy<br>day.) Historical and clinical features resemble those in classic<br>hemophilia (HEMOPHILIA A), but patients present with fewer<br>symptoms. Severity of bleeding is usually similar in members of a<br>single family. Many patients are asymptomatic until the<br>hemostatic system is stressed by surgery or trauma. Treatment is<br>similar to that for hemophilia A. (From Cecil Textbook of<br>Medicine, 19th ed, p1008)",""],["Ciliary Motility Disorders",2534,0.0,"D002925","C16.320.184.500",1,"Description: Conditions caused by abnormal CILIA movement in the<br>body, usually causing KARTAGENER SYNDROME, chronic respiratory<br>disorders, chronic SINUSITIS, and chronic OTITIS. Abnormal<br>ciliary beating is likely due to defects in any of the 200 plus<br>ciliary proteins, such as missing motor enzyme DYNEIN arms.",""],["Mouth Abnormalities",35917,0.4,"D009056","C16.131.850.525",6,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the mouth.",""],["Maxillofacial Abnormalities",26213,0.3,"D019767","C16.131.850.500",7,"Description: Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or<br>other abnormalities of the maxilla and face or facial bones.",""],["Cockayne Syndrome",706,0.0,"D003057","C16.131.077.250",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by multiple system<br>abnormalities including DWARFISM; PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS;<br>PREMATURE AGING; and HEARING LOSS. It is caused by mutations of a<br>number of autosomal recessive genes encoding proteins that<br>involve transcriptional-coupled DNA REPAIR processes. Cockayne<br>syndrome is classified by the severity and age of onset. Type I<br>(classical; CSA) is early childhood onset in the second year of<br>life; type II (congenital; CSB) is early onset at birth with<br>severe symptoms; type III (xeroderma pigmentosum; XP) is late<br>childhood onset with mild symptoms.",""],["Cockayne Syndrome",706,0.0,"D003057","C16.320.240.562",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by multiple system<br>abnormalities including DWARFISM; PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS;<br>PREMATURE AGING; and HEARING LOSS. It is caused by mutations of a<br>number of autosomal recessive genes encoding proteins that<br>involve transcriptional-coupled DNA REPAIR processes. Cockayne<br>syndrome is classified by the severity and age of onset. Type I<br>(classical; CSA) is early childhood onset in the second year of<br>life; type II (congenital; CSB) is early onset at birth with<br>severe symptoms; type III (xeroderma pigmentosum; XP) is late<br>childhood onset with mild symptoms.",""],["Cockayne Syndrome",706,0.0,"D003057","C16.320.400.200",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by multiple system<br>abnormalities including DWARFISM; PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS;<br>PREMATURE AGING; and HEARING LOSS. It is caused by mutations of a<br>number of autosomal recessive genes encoding proteins that<br>involve transcriptional-coupled DNA REPAIR processes. Cockayne<br>syndrome is classified by the severity and age of onset. Type I<br>(classical; CSA) is early childhood onset in the second year of<br>life; type II (congenital; CSB) is early onset at birth with<br>severe symptoms; type III (xeroderma pigmentosum; XP) is late<br>childhood onset with mild symptoms.",""],["Coloboma",1605,0.0,"D003103","C16.131.384.282",0,"Description: Congenital anomaly in which some of the structures<br>of the eye are absent due to incomplete fusion of the fetal<br>intraocular fissure during gestation.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis",4926,0.1,"D003123","C16.320.700.250",2,"Description: A group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases in<br>which COLON CANCER arises in discrete adenomas. Unlike FAMILIAL<br>POLYPOSIS COLI with hundreds of polyps, hereditary nonpolyposis<br>colorectal neoplasms occur much later, in the fourth and fifth<br>decades. HNPCC has been associated with germline mutations in<br>mismatch repair (MMR) genes. It has been subdivided into Lynch<br>syndrome I or site-specific colonic cancer, and LYNCH SYNDROME II<br>which includes extracolonic cancer.",""],["Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary",4569,0.1,"D003317","C16.320.290.162",2,"Description: Bilateral hereditary disorders of the cornea,<br>usually autosomal dominant, which may be present at birth but<br>more frequently develop during adolescence and progress slowly<br>throughout life. Central macular dystrophy is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive defect.",""],["Congenital Hypothyroidism",3928,0.0,"D003409","C16.320.240.625",0,"Description: A condition in infancy or early childhood due to an<br>in-utero deficiency of THYROID HORMONES that can be caused by<br>genetic or environmental factors, such as thyroid dysgenesis or<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM in infants of mothers treated with THIOURACIL<br>during pregnancy. Endemic cretinism is the result of iodine<br>deficiency. Clinical symptoms include severe MENTAL RETARDATION,<br>impaired skeletal development, short stature, and MYXEDEMA.",""],["Cri-du-Chat Syndrome",584,0.0,"D003410","C16.131.077.262",0,"Description: An infantile syndrome characterized by a cat-like<br>cry, failure to thrive, microcephaly, MENTAL RETARDATION, spastic<br>quadriparesis, micro- and retrognathia, glossoptosis, bilateral<br>epicanthus, hypertelorism, and tiny external genitalia. It is<br>caused by a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5 (5p-).",""],["Cri-du-Chat Syndrome",584,0.0,"D003410","C16.131.260.190",0,"Description: An infantile syndrome characterized by a cat-like<br>cry, failure to thrive, microcephaly, MENTAL RETARDATION, spastic<br>quadriparesis, micro- and retrognathia, glossoptosis, bilateral<br>epicanthus, hypertelorism, and tiny external genitalia. It is<br>caused by a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5 (5p-).",""],["Cri-du-Chat Syndrome",584,0.0,"D003410","C16.320.180.190",0,"Description: An infantile syndrome characterized by a cat-like<br>cry, failure to thrive, microcephaly, MENTAL RETARDATION, spastic<br>quadriparesis, micro- and retrognathia, glossoptosis, bilateral<br>epicanthus, hypertelorism, and tiny external genitalia. It is<br>caused by a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5 (5p-).",""],["Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary",2581,0.0,"D006933","C16.320.565.300",3,"Description: Inborn errors of bilirubin metabolism resulting in<br>excessive amounts of bilirubin in the circulating blood, either<br>because of increased bilirubin production or because of delayed<br>clearance of bilirubin from the blood.",""],["Cryptorchidism",7115,0.1,"D003456","C16.131.939.258",0,"Description: A developmental defect in which a TESTIS or both<br>TESTES failed to descend from high in the ABDOMEN to the bottom<br>of the SCROTUM. Testicular descent is essential to normal<br>SPERMATOGENESIS which requires temperature lower than the BODY<br>TEMPERATURE. Cryptorchidism can be subclassified by the location<br>of the maldescended testis.",""],["Cutis Laxa",765,0.0,"D003483","C16.320.850.180",0,"Description: A group of connective tissue diseases in which skin<br>hangs in loose pendulous folds. It is believed to be associated<br>with decreased elastic tissue formation as well as an abnormality<br>in elastin formation. Cutis laxa is usually a genetic disease,<br>but acquired cases have been reported. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Dandy-Walker Syndrome",809,0.0,"D003616","C16.131.666.205",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality of the central nervous<br>system marked by failure of the midline structures of the<br>cerebellum to develop, dilation of the fourth ventricle, and<br>upward displacement of the transverse sinuses, tentorium, and<br>torcula. Clinical features include occipital bossing, progressive<br>head enlargement, bulging of anterior fontanelle, papilledema,<br>ataxia, gait disturbances, nystagmus, and intellectual<br>compromise. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>pp294-5)",""],["De Lange Syndrome",881,0.0,"D003635","C16.131.077.272",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by growth retardation,<br>severe MENTAL RETARDATION, short stature, a low-pitched growling<br>cry, brachycephaly, low-set ears, webbed neck, carp mouth,<br>depressed nasal bridge, bushy eyebrows meeting at the midline,<br>hirsutism, and malformations of the hands. The condition may<br>occur sporadically or be associated with an autosomal dominant<br>pattern of inheritance or duplication of the long arm of<br>chromosome 3. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p231)",""],["De Lange Syndrome",881,0.0,"D003635","C16.131.260.210",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by growth retardation,<br>severe MENTAL RETARDATION, short stature, a low-pitched growling<br>cry, brachycephaly, low-set ears, webbed neck, carp mouth,<br>depressed nasal bridge, bushy eyebrows meeting at the midline,<br>hirsutism, and malformations of the hands. The condition may<br>occur sporadically or be associated with an autosomal dominant<br>pattern of inheritance or duplication of the long arm of<br>chromosome 3. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p231)",""],["De Lange Syndrome",881,0.0,"D003635","C16.320.180.210",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by growth retardation,<br>severe MENTAL RETARDATION, short stature, a low-pitched growling<br>cry, brachycephaly, low-set ears, webbed neck, carp mouth,<br>depressed nasal bridge, bushy eyebrows meeting at the midline,<br>hirsutism, and malformations of the hands. The condition may<br>occur sporadically or be associated with an autosomal dominant<br>pattern of inheritance or duplication of the long arm of<br>chromosome 3. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p231)",""],["Dermatitis, Atopic",21392,0.2,"D003876","C16.320.850.210",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory genetically determined<br>disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin<br>(IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and<br>asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for<br>pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and<br>crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee.<br>In infants it is known as infantile eczema.",""],["Dextrocardia",2673,0.0,"D003914","C16.131.810.250",1,"Description: A congenital defect in which the heart is located on<br>the right side of the THORAX instead of on the left side<br>(levocardia, the normal position). When dextrocardia is<br>accompanied with inverted HEART ATRIA, a right-sided STOMACH, and<br>a left-sided LIVER, the combination is called dextrocardia with<br>SITUS INVERSUS. Dextrocardia may adversely affect other thoracic<br>organs.",""],["Diaphragmatic Eventration",834,0.0,"D003965","C16.131.314.244",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality characterized by the<br>elevation of the DIAPHRAGM dome. It is the result of a thinned<br>diaphragmatic muscle and injured PHRENIC NERVE, allowing the<br>intra-abdominal viscera to push the diaphragm upward against the<br>LUNG.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.0,"D058165","C16.131.077.019",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.0,"D058165","C16.131.260.019",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.0,"D058165","C16.131.482.249",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.0,"D058165","C16.320.180.019",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["Down Syndrome",21593,0.2,"D004314","C16.131.077.327",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated either with an<br>extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21.<br>Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature,<br>brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus,<br>Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears,<br>short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and<br>moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and<br>gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the<br>incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE<br>are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features<br>include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and<br>the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology<br>of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th<br>ed, p213)",""],["Down Syndrome",21593,0.2,"D004314","C16.131.260.260",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated either with an<br>extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21.<br>Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature,<br>brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus,<br>Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears,<br>short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and<br>moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and<br>gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the<br>incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE<br>are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features<br>include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and<br>the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology<br>of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th<br>ed, p213)",""],["Down Syndrome",21593,0.2,"D004314","C16.320.180.260",0,"Description: A chromosome disorder associated either with an<br>extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21.<br>Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature,<br>brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus,<br>Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears,<br>short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and<br>moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and<br>gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the<br>incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE<br>are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features<br>include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and<br>the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology<br>of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th<br>ed, p213)",""],["Duane Retraction Syndrome",677,0.0,"D004370","C16.320.290.235",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by marked limitation of<br>abduction of the eye, variable limitation of adduction and<br>retraction of the globe, and narrowing of the palpebral fissure<br>on attempted adduction. The condition is caused by aberrant<br>innervation of the lateral rectus by fibers of the OCULOMOTOR<br>NERVE.",""],["Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies",1814,0.0,"D009477","C16.131.666.310",1,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>degeneration of dorsal root and autonomic ganglion cells, and<br>clinically by loss of sensation and autonomic dysfunction. There<br>are five subtypes. Type I features autosomal dominant inheritance<br>and distal sensory involvement. Type II is characterized by<br>autosomal inheritance and distal and proximal sensory loss. Type<br>III is DYSAUTONOMIA, FAMILIAL. Type IV features insensitivity to<br>pain, heat intolerance, and mental deficiency. Type V is<br>characterized by a selective loss of pain with intact light touch<br>and vibratory sensation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995,<br>Ch51, pp142-4)",""],["Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies",1814,0.0,"D009477","C16.320.400.415",1,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>degeneration of dorsal root and autonomic ganglion cells, and<br>clinically by loss of sensation and autonomic dysfunction. There<br>are five subtypes. Type I features autosomal dominant inheritance<br>and distal sensory involvement. Type II is characterized by<br>autosomal inheritance and distal and proximal sensory loss. Type<br>III is DYSAUTONOMIA, FAMILIAL. Type IV features insensitivity to<br>pain, heat intolerance, and mental deficiency. Type V is<br>characterized by a selective loss of pain with intact light touch<br>and vibratory sensation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995,<br>Ch51, pp142-4)",""],["Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome",889,0.0,"D004416","C16.320.700.305",0,"Description: Clinically atypical nevi (usually exceeding 5 mm in<br>diameter and having variable pigmentation and ill defined<br>borders) with an increased risk for development of non-familial<br>cutaneous malignant melanoma. Biopsies show melanocytic<br>dysplasia. Nevi are clinically and histologically identical to<br>the precursor lesions for melanoma in the B-K mole syndrome.<br>(Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Dystonia Musculorum Deformans",740,0.0,"D004422","C16.320.400.330",0,"Description: A condition characterized by focal DYSTONIA that<br>progresses to involuntary spasmodic contractions of the muscles<br>of the legs, trunk, arms, and face. The hands are often spared,<br>however, sustained axial and limb contractions may lead to a<br>state where the body is grossly contorted. Onset is usually in<br>the first or second decade. Familial patterns of inheritance,<br>primarily autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance, have<br>been identified. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1078)",""],["Ectopia Lentis",435,0.0,"D004479","C16.131.384.405",0,"Description: Congenital displacement of the lens resulting from<br>defective zonule formation.",""],["Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome",3454,0.0,"D004535","C16.131.831.428",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of autosomally inherited<br>COLLAGEN DISEASES caused by defects in the synthesis or structure<br>of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are numerous subtypes: classical,<br>hypermobility, vascular, and others. Common clinical features<br>include hyperextensible skin and joints, skin fragility and<br>reduced wound healing capability.",""],["Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome",3454,0.0,"D004535","C16.320.850.260",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of autosomally inherited<br>COLLAGEN DISEASES caused by defects in the synthesis or structure<br>of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are numerous subtypes: classical,<br>hypermobility, vascular, and others. Common clinical features<br>include hyperextensible skin and joints, skin fragility and<br>reduced wound healing capability.",""],["Elliptocytosis, Hereditary",644,0.0,"D004612","C16.320.070.365",0,"Description: An intrinsic defect of erythrocytes inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant trait. The erythrocytes assume an oval or<br>elliptical shape.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa",5691,0.1,"D004820","C16.131.831.493",4,"Description: Group of genetically determined disorders<br>characterized by the blistering of skin and mucosae. There are<br>four major forms: acquired, simple, junctional, and dystrophic.<br>Each of the latter three has several varieties.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa",5125,0.1,"D004820","C16.320.850.275",3,"Description: Group of genetically determined disorders<br>characterized by the blistering of skin and mucosae. There are<br>four major forms: acquired, simple, junctional, and dystrophic.<br>Each of the latter three has several varieties.",""],["Epispadias",697,0.0,"D004842","C16.131.939.374",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is above its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the top or the<br>side of the PENIS, but the urethra can also be open the entire<br>length of the penis. In the female, the malformed urethral<br>opening is often between the CLITORIS and the labia, or in the<br>ABDOMEN.",""],["Esophageal Atresia",3319,0.0,"D004933","C16.131.314.330",0,"Description: Congenital abnormality characterized by the lack of<br>full development of the ESOPHAGUS that commonly occurs with<br>TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA. Symptoms include excessive SALIVATION;<br>GAGGING; CYANOSIS; and DYSPNEA.",""],["Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary",1308,0.0,"D005097","C16.320.700.330",0,"Description: Hereditary disorder transmitted by an autosomal<br>dominant gene and characterized by multiple exostoses (multiple<br>osteochondromas) near the ends of long bones. The genetic<br>abnormality results in a defect in the osteoclastic activity at<br>the metaphyseal ends of the bone during the remodeling process in<br>childhood or early adolescence. The metaphyses develop benign,<br>bony outgrowths often capped by cartilage. A small number undergo<br>neoplastic transformation.",""],["Factor V Deficiency",712,0.0,"D005166","C16.320.099.300",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation factor V (known as<br>proaccelerin or accelerator globulin or labile factor) leading to<br>a rare hemorrhagic tendency known as Owren's disease or<br>parahemophilia. It varies greatly in severity. Factor V<br>deficiency is an autosomal recessive trait. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Factor VII Deficiency",971,0.0,"D005168","C16.320.099.310",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive characteristic or a<br>coagulation disorder acquired in association with VITAMIN K<br>DEFICIENCY. FACTOR VII is a Vitamin K dependent glycoprotein<br>essential to the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.",""],["Factor X Deficiency",469,0.0,"D005171","C16.320.099.320",0,"Description: Blood coagulation disorder usually inherited as an<br>autosomal recessive trait, though it can be acquired. It is<br>characterized by defective activity in both the intrinsic and<br>extrinsic pathways, impaired thromboplastin time, and impaired<br>prothrombin consumption.",""],["Factor XI Deficiency",647,0.0,"D005173","C16.320.099.325",0,"Description: A hereditary deficiency of blood coagulation factor<br>XI (also known as plasma thromboplastin antecedent or PTA or<br>antihemophilic factor C) resulting in a systemic blood-clotting<br>defect called hemophilia C or Rosenthal's syndrome, that may<br>resemble classical hemophilia.",""],["Factor XII Deficiency",324,0.0,"D005175","C16.320.099.330",0,"Description: An absence or reduced level of blood coagulation<br>factor XII. It normally occurs in the absence of patient or<br>family history of hemorrhagic disorders and is marked by<br>prolonged clotting time.",""],["Factor XIII Deficiency",678,0.0,"D005177","C16.320.099.335",0,"Description: A deficiency of blood coagulation FACTOR XIII or<br>fibrin stabilizing factor (FSF) that prevents blood clot<br>formation and results in a clinical hemorrhagic diathesis.",""],["Fanconi Syndrome",1399,0.0,"D005198","C16.320.831.450",0,"Description: A hereditary or acquired form of generalized<br>dysfunction of the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE without primary<br>involvement of the KIDNEY GLOMERULUS. It is usually characterized<br>by the tubular wasting of nutrients and salts (GLUCOSE; AMINO<br>ACIDS; PHOSPHATES; and BICARBONATES) resulting in HYPOKALEMIA;<br>ACIDOSIS; HYPERCALCIURIA; and PROTEINURIA.",""],["Fanconi Anemia",3011,0.0,"D005199","C16.320.077.280",0,"Description: Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow<br>elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and<br>associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as<br>dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a<br>feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA.<br>There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia:<br>FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and<br>FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,<br>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August<br>20, 2004)",""],["Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency",4429,0.0,"D005955","C16.320.070.480",1,"Description: A disease-producing enzyme deficiency subject to<br>many variants, some of which cause a deficiency of<br>GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE activity in erythrocytes,<br>leading to hemolytic anemia.",""],["Fetofetal Transfusion",2031,0.0,"D005330","C16.614.053.344",0,"Description: Passage of blood from one fetus to another via an<br>arteriovenous communication or other shunt, in a monozygotic twin<br>pregnancy. It results in anemia in one twin and polycythemia in<br>the other. (Lee et al., Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed,<br>p737-8)",""],["Fetomaternal Transfusion",933,0.0,"D005331","C16.614.053.511",0,"Description: Transplacental passage of fetal blood into the<br>circulation of the maternal organism. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Focal Dermal Hypoplasia",311,0.0,"D005489","C16.320.322.186",0,"Description: A genetic skin disease characterized by hypoplasia<br>of the dermis, herniations of fat, and hand anomalies. It is<br>found exclusively in females and transmitted as an X-linked<br>dominant trait.",""],["Sex Chromosome Disorders",16739,0.2,"D025064","C16.131.260.830",6,"Description: Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal sex<br>chromosome constitution (SEX CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS), in which<br>there is extra or missing sex chromosome material (either a whole<br>chromosome or a chromosome segment).",""],["Sex Chromosome Disorders",16739,0.2,"D025064","C16.320.180.830",6,"Description: Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal sex<br>chromosome constitution (SEX CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS), in which<br>there is extra or missing sex chromosome material (either a whole<br>chromosome or a chromosome segment).",""],["Funnel Chest",2551,0.0,"D005660","C16.131.621.386",0,"Description: A developmental anomaly in which the lower sternum<br>is posteriorly dislocated and concavely deformed, resulting in a<br>funnel-shaped thorax.",""],["Gardner Syndrome",549,0.0,"D005736","C16.131.077.393",0,"Description: A variant of ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI caused by<br>mutation in the APC gene (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. It is<br>characterized by not only the presence of multiple colonic<br>polyposis but also extracolonic ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the UPPER<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; the EYE; the SKIN; the SKULL; and the<br>FACIAL BONES; as well as malignancy in organs other than the GI<br>tract.",""],["Adenomatous Polyposis Coli",5614,0.1,"D011125","C16.320.700.100",1,"Description: A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant<br>mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The<br>syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of<br>ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected<br>individuals by early adulthood.",""],["Tourette Syndrome",4764,0.1,"D005879","C16.320.400.820",0,"Description: A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations<br>in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission involving frontal-<br>subcortical neuronal circuits. Both multiple motor and one or<br>more vocal tics need to be present with TICS occurring many times<br>a day, nearly daily, over a period of more than one year. The<br>onset is before age 18 and the disturbance is not due to direct<br>physiological effects of a substance or another medical<br>condition. The disturbance causes marked distress or significant<br>impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of<br>functioning. (From DSM-IV, 1994; Neurol Clin 1997<br>May;15(2):357-79)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII",100,0.0,"D006014","C16.320.577.149",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive glycogen storage disease in<br>which there is deficient expression of 6-phosphofructose 1-kinase<br>in muscle (PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE-1, MUSCLE TYPE) resulting in<br>abnormal deposition of glycogen in muscle tissue. These patients<br>have severe congenital muscular dystrophy and are exercise<br>intolerant.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type VIII",12,0.0,"D006015","C16.320.322.217",0,"Description: An x-linked recessive hepatic glycogen storage<br>disease resulting from lack of expression of phosphorylase-b-<br>kinase activity. Symptoms are relatively mild; hepatomegaly,<br>increased liver glycogen, and decreased leukocyte phosphorylase<br>are present. Liver shrinkage occurs in response to glucagon.",""],["Glycosuria, Renal",348,0.0,"D006030","C16.320.831.532",0,"Description: An autosomal inherited disorder due to defective<br>reabsorption of GLUCOSE by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The<br>urinary loss of glucose can reach beyond 50 g/day. It is<br>attributed to the mutations in the SODIUM-GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 2<br>encoded by the SLC5A2 gene.",""],["Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors",14158,0.2,"D011686","C16.320.565.798",4,"Description: Dysfunctions in the metabolism of PURINES or<br>PYRIMIDINES resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are<br>inherited or acquired in utero.",""],["Granulomatous Disease, Chronic",2875,0.0,"D006105","C16.320.322.233",0,"Description: A defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic<br>cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring<br>bacterial infections with granuloma formation. When chronic<br>granulomatous disease is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene,<br>the condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. When<br>chronic granulomatous disease is caused by CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or<br>NCF4 gene mutations, the condition is inherited in an autosomal<br>recessive pattern.",""],["Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration",513,0.0,"D006211","C16.320.400.650",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive degenerative disorder<br>which usually presents in late childhood or adolescence. Clinical<br>manifestations include progressive MUSCLE SPASTICITY;<br>hyperreflexia; MUSCLE RIGIDITY; DYSTONIA; DYSARTHRIA; and<br>intellectual deterioration which progresses to severe dementia<br>over several years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p972; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd<br>ed, pp972-929)",""],["Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple",1146,0.0,"D006223","C16.320.700.435",0,"Description: A hereditary disease characterized by multiple<br>ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal nevoid and neoplastic<br>anomalies. Facial trichilemmomas and papillomatous papules of the<br>oral mucosa are the most characteristic lesions. Individuals with<br>this syndrome have a high risk of BREAST CANCER; THYROID CANCER;<br>and ENDOMETRIAL CANCER. This syndrome is associated with<br>mutations in the gene for PTEN PHOSPHATASE.",""],["Amino Acid Transport Disorders, Inborn",582,0.0,"D020157","C16.320.565.151",2,"Description: Disorders characterized by defective transport of<br>amino acids across cell membranes. These include deficits in<br>transport across brush-border epithelial cell membranes of the<br>small intestine (MICROVILLI) and KIDNEY TUBULES; transport across<br>the basolateral membrane; and transport across the membranes of<br>intracellular organelles. (From Nippon Rinsho 1992<br>Jul;50(7):1587-92)",""],["Metal Metabolism, Inborn Errors",20870,0.2,"D008664","C16.320.565.618",11,"Description: Dysfunctions in the metabolism of metals resulting<br>from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in<br>utero.",""],["Hemoglobin C Disease",277,0.0,"D006445","C16.320.070.490",0,"Description: A disease characterized by compensated hemolysis<br>with a normal hemoglobin level or a mild to moderate anemia.<br>There may be intermittent abdominal discomfort, splenomegaly, and<br>slight jaundice.",""],["Hemoglobin C Disease",277,0.0,"D006445","C16.320.365.463",0,"Description: A disease characterized by compensated hemolysis<br>with a normal hemoglobin level or a mild to moderate anemia.<br>There may be intermittent abdominal discomfort, splenomegaly, and<br>slight jaundice.",""],["Hemophilia A",20395,0.2,"D006467","C16.320.099.500",0,"Description: The classic hemophilia resulting from a deficiency<br>of factor VIII. It is an inherited disorder of blood coagulation<br>characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage.",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.1,"D006527","C16.320.400.361",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Hip Dislocation, Congenital",7541,0.1,"D006618","C16.131.621.449",0,"Description: Congenital dislocation of the hip generally includes<br>subluxation of the femoral head, acetabular dysplasia, and<br>complete dislocation of the femoral head from the true<br>acetabulum. This condition occurs in approximately 1 in 1000 live<br>births and is more common in females than in males.",""],["von Hippel-Lindau Disease",2255,0.0,"D006623","C16.320.184.750",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations<br>in a tumor suppressor gene. This syndrome is characterized by<br>abnormal growth of small blood vessels leading to a host of<br>neoplasms. They include HEMANGIOBLASTOMA in the RETINA;<br>CEREBELLUM; and SPINAL CORD; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; pancreatic tumors;<br>and renal cell carcinoma (see CARCINOMA, RENAL CELL). Common<br>clinical signs include HYPERTENSION and neurological<br>dysfunctions.",""],["Hirschsprung Disease",4582,0.1,"D006627","C16.131.314.439",0,"Description: Congenital MEGACOLON resulting from the absence of<br>ganglion cells (aganglionosis) in a distal segment of the LARGE<br>INTESTINE. The aganglionic segment is permanently contracted thus<br>causing dilatation proximal to it. In most cases, the aganglionic<br>segment is within the RECTUM and SIGMOID COLON.",""],["Huntington Disease",12805,0.1,"D006816","C16.320.400.430",0,"Description: A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal<br>dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive<br>CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common<br>initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control;<br>DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually<br>intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS;<br>and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops,<br>leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease<br>onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including<br>SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4)",""],["Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn",11275,0.1,"D012127","C16.614.521.563",2,"Description: A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with<br>CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the<br>alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal<br>notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature<br>infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by<br>cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing<br>cause.",""],["Hydranencephaly",345,0.0,"D006832","C16.131.666.450",0,"Description: A congenital condition where the greater portions of<br>the cerebral hemispheres and CORPUS STRIATUM are replaced by CSF<br>and glial tissue. The meninges and the skull are well formed,<br>which is consistent with earlier normal embryogenesis of the<br>telencephalon. Bilateral occlusions of the internal carotid<br>arteries in utero is a potential mechanism. Clinical features<br>include intact brainstem reflexes without evidence of higher<br>cortical activity. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed,<br>p307)",""],["Hydrophthalmos",590,0.0,"D006871","C16.131.384.480",0,"Description: Congenital open-angle glaucoma that results from<br>dysgenesis of the angle structures accompanied by increased<br>intraocular pressure and enlargement of the eye. Treatment is<br>both medical and surgical.",""],["Hypophosphatemia, Familial",2053,0.0,"D007015","C16.320.831.647",1,"Description: An inherited condition of abnormally low serum<br>levels of PHOSPHATES (below 1 mg/liter) which can occur in a<br>number of genetic diseases with defective reabsorption of<br>inorganic phosphorus by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This leads to<br>phosphaturia, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, and disturbances of cellular and<br>organ functions such as those in X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; and FANCONI SYNDROME.",""],["Hypoprothrombinemias",951,0.0,"D007020","C16.320.099.550",0,"Description: Absence or reduced levels of PROTHROMBIN in the<br>blood.",""],["Hypospadias",4681,0.1,"D007021","C16.131.939.516",0,"Description: A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in<br>which the urethral opening is below its normal location. In the<br>male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the ventral<br>surface of the PENIS or on the PERINEUM. In the female, the<br>malformed urethral opening is in the VAGINA.",""],["Ichthyosis",5737,0.1,"D007057","C16.131.831.512",8,"Description: Any of several generalized skin disorders<br>characterized by dryness, roughness, and scaliness, due to<br>hypertrophy of the stratum corneum epidermis. Most are genetic,<br>but some are acquired, developing in association with other<br>systemic disease or genetic syndrome.",""],["Incontinentia Pigmenti",815,0.0,"D007184","C16.131.077.445",0,"Description: A genodermatosis occurring mostly in females and<br>characterized by skin changes in three phases - vesiculobullous,<br>verrucous papillomatous, and macular melanodermic.<br>Hyperpigmentation is bizarre and irregular. Sixty percent of<br>patients have abnormalities of eyes, teeth, central nervous<br>system, and skin appendages.",""],["Incontinentia Pigmenti",815,0.0,"D007184","C16.131.831.580",0,"Description: A genodermatosis occurring mostly in females and<br>characterized by skin changes in three phases - vesiculobullous,<br>verrucous papillomatous, and macular melanodermic.<br>Hyperpigmentation is bizarre and irregular. Sixty percent of<br>patients have abnormalities of eyes, teeth, central nervous<br>system, and skin appendages.",""],["Incontinentia Pigmenti",815,0.0,"D007184","C16.320.850.420",0,"Description: A genodermatosis occurring mostly in females and<br>characterized by skin changes in three phases - vesiculobullous,<br>verrucous papillomatous, and macular melanodermic.<br>Hyperpigmentation is bizarre and irregular. Sixty percent of<br>patients have abnormalities of eyes, teeth, central nervous<br>system, and skin appendages.",""],["Intestinal Atresia",1826,0.0,"D007409","C16.131.314.466",0,"Description: Congenital obliteration of the lumen of the<br>intestine, with the ILEUM involved in 50% of the cases and the<br>JEJUNUM and DUODENUM following in frequency. It is the most<br>frequent cause of INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION in NEWBORNS. (From<br>Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Jaundice, Neonatal",5263,0.1,"D007567","C16.614.451.500",1,"Description: Yellow discoloration of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE;<br>and SCLERA in the NEWBORN. It is a sign of NEONATAL<br>HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Most cases are transient self-limiting<br>(PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE) occurring in the first week of<br>life, but some can be a sign of pathological disorders,<br>particularly LIVER DISEASES.",""],["Job Syndrome",838,0.0,"D007589","C16.320.798.688",0,"Description: Primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by<br>recurrent infections and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Most cases<br>are sporadic. Of the rare familial forms, the dominantly<br>inherited subtype has additional connective tissue, dental and<br>skeletal involvement that the recessive type does not share.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C16.131.740.501",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Darier Disease",1805,0.0,"D007644","C16.320.850.190",0,"Description: An autosomal dominantly inherited skin disorder<br>characterized by warty malodorous papules that coalesce into<br>plaques. It is caused by mutations in the ATP2A2 gene encoding<br>SERCA2 protein, one of the SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-<br>TRANSPORTING ATPASES. The condition is similar, clinically and<br>histologically, to BENIGN FAMILIAL PEMPHIGUS, another autosomal<br>dominant skin disorder. Both diseases have defective calcium<br>pumps (CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES) and unstable desmosomal<br>adhesion junctions (DESMOSOMES) between KERATINOCYTES.",""],["Keratoderma, Palmoplantar",2826,0.0,"D007645","C16.320.850.475",3,"Description: Group of mostly hereditary disorders characterized<br>by thickening of the palms and soles as a result of excessive<br>keratin formation leading to hypertrophy of the stratum corneum<br>(hyperkeratosis).",""],["Kernicterus",1034,0.0,"D007647","C16.614.304.502",0,"Description: A term used pathologically to describe BILIRUBIN<br>staining of the BASAL GANGLIA; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM and<br>clinically to describe a syndrome associated with<br>HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Clinical features include athetosis, MUSCLE<br>SPASTICITY or hypotonia, impaired vertical gaze, and DEAFNESS.<br>Nonconjugated bilirubin enters the brain and acts as a<br>neurotoxin, often in association with conditions that impair the<br>BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER (e.g., SEPSIS). This condition occurs<br>primarily in neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN), but may rarely occur in<br>adults. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p613)",""],["Polycystic Kidney Diseases",9499,0.1,"D007690","C16.131.077.717",2,"Description: Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the<br>progressive expansion of a large number of tightly packed CYSTS<br>within the KIDNEYS. They include diseases with autosomal dominant<br>and autosomal recessive inheritance.",""],["Polycystic Kidney Diseases",9499,0.1,"D007690","C16.320.184.625",2,"Description: Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the<br>progressive expansion of a large number of tightly packed CYSTS<br>within the KIDNEYS. They include diseases with autosomal dominant<br>and autosomal recessive inheritance.",""],["Klippel-Feil Syndrome",836,0.0,"D007714","C16.131.621.551",0,"Description: A syndrome characterised by a low hairline and a<br>shortened neck resulting from a reduced number of vertebrae or<br>the fusion of multiple hemivertebrae into one osseous mass.",""],["Laryngostenosis",2767,0.0,"D007829","C16.131.740.658",0,"Description: Developmental or acquired stricture or narrowing of<br>the LARYNX. Symptoms of respiratory difficulty depend on the<br>degree of laryngeal narrowing.",""],["Laurence-Moon Syndrome",505,0.0,"D007849","C16.131.077.509",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive condition characterized by<br>hypogonadism; spinocerebellar degeneration; MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and OBESITY. This syndrome was previously<br>referred to as Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome until BARDET-BIEDL<br>SYNDROME was identified as a distinct entity. (From N Engl J Med.<br>1989 Oct 12;321(15):1002-9)",""],["Leukomalacia, Periventricular",1089,0.0,"D007969","C16.614.521.450",0,"Description: Degeneration of white matter adjacent to the<br>CEREBRAL VENTRICLES following cerebral hypoxia or BRAIN ISCHEMIA<br>in neonates. The condition primarily affects white matter in the<br>perfusion zone between superficial and deep branches of the<br>MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY. Clinical manifestations include VISION<br>DISORDERS; CEREBRAL PALSY; PARAPLEGIA; SEIZURES; and cognitive<br>disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1021; Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch4, pp30-1)",""],["Levocardia",119,0.0,"D007979","C16.131.810.700",0,"Description: Congenital abnormalities in which the HEART is in<br>the normal position (levocardia) in the left side of the chest<br>but some or all of the THORAX or ABDOMEN viscera are transposed<br>laterally (SITUS INVERSUS). It is also known as situs inversus<br>with levocardia, or isolated levocardia. This condition is often<br>associated with severe heart defects and splenic abnormalities<br>such as asplenia or polysplenia.",""],["Lipoid Proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe",468,0.0,"D008065","C16.320.850.595",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>glassy degenerative thickening (hyalinosis) of SKIN; MUCOSA; and<br>certain VISCERA. This disorder is caused by mutation in the<br>extracellular matrix protein 1 gene (ECM1). Clinical features<br>include hoarseness and skin eruption due to widespread deposition<br>of HYALIN.",""],["Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal",595,0.0,"D008201","C16.131.482.500",0,"Description: Dilatation of the intestinal lymphatic system<br>usually caused by an obstruction in the intestinal wall. It may<br>be congenital or acquired and is characterized by DIARRHEA;<br>HYPOPROTEINEMIA; peripheral and/or abdominal EDEMA; and PROTEIN-<br>LOSING ENTEROPATHIES.",""],["Marfan Syndrome",5579,0.1,"D008382","C16.131.077.550",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE<br>with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton.<br>Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE,<br>dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features<br>include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long<br>limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome<br>(type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding<br>FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils<br>of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II<br>TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome<br>type 2.",""],["Meckel Diverticulum",3622,0.0,"D008467","C16.131.314.556",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality characterized by the<br>outpouching or sac formation in the ILEUM. It is a remnant of the<br>embryonic YOLK SAC in which the VITELLINE DUCT failed to close.",""],["Malformations of Cortical Development",13853,0.2,"D054220","C16.131.666.507",17,"Description: Abnormalities in the development of the CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX. These include malformations arising from abnormal<br>neuronal and glial CELL PROLIFERATION or APOPTOSIS (Group I);<br>abnormal neuronal migration (Group II); and abnormal<br>establishment of cortical organization (Group III). Many INBORN<br>METABOLIC BRAIN DISORDERS affecting CNS formation are often<br>associated with cortical malformations. They are common causes of<br>EPILEPSY and developmental delay.",""],["Microphthalmos",1605,0.0,"D008850","C16.131.384.666",0,"Description: Congenital or developmental anomaly in which the<br>eyeballs are abnormally small.",""],["Myotonic Dystrophy",5442,0.1,"D009223","C16.320.400.542",0,"Description: Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE<br>MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies.<br>Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal<br>TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of<br>DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA<br>REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is<br>associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2.",""],["Myotonic Dystrophy",5442,0.1,"D009223","C16.320.577.500",0,"Description: Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE<br>MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies.<br>Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal<br>TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of<br>DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA<br>REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is<br>associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2.",""],["Myotonia Congenita",912,0.0,"D009224","C16.320.400.540",0,"Description: Inherited myotonic disorders with early childhood<br>onset MYOTONIA. Muscular hypertrophy is common and myotonia may<br>impair ambulation and other movements. It is classified as<br>Thomsen (autosomal dominant) or Becker (autosomal recessive)<br>generalized myotonia mainly based on the inheritance pattern.<br>Becker type is also clinically more severe. An autosomal dominant<br>variant with milder symptoms and later onset is known as myotonia<br>levior. Mutations in the voltage-dependent skeletal muscle<br>chloride channel are associated with the disorders.",""],["Nail-Patella Syndrome",485,0.0,"D009261","C16.131.077.606",0,"Description: A syndrome of multiple abnormalities characterized<br>by the absence or hypoplasia of the PATELLA and congenital nail<br>dystrophy. It is a genetically determined autosomal dominant<br>trait.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia",4959,0.1,"D009377","C16.320.700.630",3,"Description: A group of autosomal dominant diseases characterized<br>by the combined occurrence of tumors involving two or more<br>ENDOCRINE GLANDS that secrete PEPTIDE HORMONES or AMINES. These<br>neoplasias are often benign but can be malignant. They are<br>classified by the endocrine glands involved and the degree of<br>aggressiveness. The two major forms are MEN1 and MEN2 with gene<br>mutations on CHROMOSOME 11 and CHROMOSOME 10, respectively.",""],["Nephritis, Hereditary",1911,0.0,"D009394","C16.131.939.742",0,"Description: A group of inherited conditions characterized<br>initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome<br>(hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by<br>mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Wilms Tumor",7870,0.1,"D009396","C16.320.700.900",2,"Description: A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled<br>multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL<br>CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not<br>all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal<br>areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually<br>found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.",""],["Neurofibromatoses",12989,0.1,"D017253","C16.320.400.560",2,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by an autosomal<br>dominant pattern of inheritance with high rates of spontaneous<br>mutation and multiple neurofibromas or neurilemmomas.<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 (generalized neurofibromatosis) accounts for<br>approximately 95% of cases, although multiple additional subtypes<br>(e.g., NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2, neurofibromatosis 3, etc.) have been<br>described. (From Neurochirurgie 1998 Nov;44(4):267-72)",""],["Neurofibromatoses",12989,0.1,"D017253","C16.320.700.633",2,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by an autosomal<br>dominant pattern of inheritance with high rates of spontaneous<br>mutation and multiple neurofibromas or neurilemmomas.<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 (generalized neurofibromatosis) accounts for<br>approximately 95% of cases, although multiple additional subtypes<br>(e.g., NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2, neurofibromatosis 3, etc.) have been<br>described. (From Neurochirurgie 1998 Nov;44(4):267-72)",""],["Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses",2379,0.0,"D009472","C16.320.400.600",0,"Description: A group of severe neurodegenerative diseases<br>characterized by intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent<br>wax-like lipid materials (CEROID; LIPOFUSCIN) in neurons. There<br>are several subtypes based on mutations of the various genes,<br>time of disease onset, and severity of the neurological defects<br>such as progressive DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; and visual failure.",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C16.131.077.662",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C16.320.322.750",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C16.320.831.750",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Orofaciodigital Syndromes",428,0.0,"D009958","C16.131.077.676",0,"Description: Two syndromes of oral, facial, and digital<br>malformations. Type I (Papillon-Leage and Psaume syndrome,<br>Gorlin-Psaume syndrome) is inherited as an X-linked dominant<br>trait and is found only in females and XXY males. Type II (Mohr<br>syndrome) is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["Paralysis, Obstetric",566,0.0,"D010246","C16.614.131.587",0,"Description: Paralysis of an infant resulting from injury<br>received at birth. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Familial Mediterranean Fever",4289,0.0,"D010505","C16.320.382.625",0,"Description: A group of HEREDITARY AUTOINFLAMMATION DISEASES,<br>characterized by recurrent fever, abdominal pain, headache, rash,<br>PLEURISY; and ARTHRITIS. ORCHITIS; benign MENINGITIS; and<br>AMYLOIDOSIS may also occur. Homozygous or compound heterozygous<br>mutations in marenostrin gene encoding PYRIN result in autosomal<br>recessive transmission; simple heterozygous, autosomal dominant<br>form of the disease also exists with mutations in the same gene.",""],["Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome",1733,0.0,"D010580","C16.320.700.667",0,"Description: A hereditary disease caused by autosomal dominant<br>mutations involving CHROMOSOME 19. It is characterized by the<br>presence of INTESTINAL POLYPS, consistently in the JEJUNUM, and<br>mucocutaneous pigmentation with MELANIN spots of the lips, buccal<br>MUCOSA, and digits.",""],["Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome",512,0.0,"D011038","C16.131.831.775",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive syndrome occurring<br>principally in females, characterized by the presence of<br>reticulated, atrophic, hyperpigmented, telangiectatic cutaneous<br>plaques, often accompanied by juvenile cataracts, saddle nose,<br>congenital bone defects, disturbances in the growth of HAIR;<br>NAILS; and TEETH; and HYPOGONADISM.",""],["Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome",512,0.0,"D011038","C16.320.850.765",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive syndrome occurring<br>principally in females, characterized by the presence of<br>reticulated, atrophic, hyperpigmented, telangiectatic cutaneous<br>plaques, often accompanied by juvenile cataracts, saddle nose,<br>congenital bone defects, disturbances in the growth of HAIR;<br>NAILS; and TEETH; and HYPOGONADISM.",""],["Prader-Willi Syndrome",3039,0.0,"D011218","C16.131.077.730",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder caused by deletion of<br>the proximal long arm of the paternal chromosome 15 (15q11-q13)<br>or by inheritance of both of the pair of chromosomes 15 from the<br>mother (UNIPARENTAL DISOMY) which are imprinted (GENETIC<br>IMPRINTING) and hence silenced. Clinical manifestations include<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; MUSCULAR HYPOTONIA; HYPERPHAGIA; OBESITY;<br>short stature; HYPOGONADISM; STRABISMUS; and HYPERSOMNOLENCE.<br>(Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p229)",""],["Prader-Willi Syndrome",3039,0.0,"D011218","C16.131.260.700",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder caused by deletion of<br>the proximal long arm of the paternal chromosome 15 (15q11-q13)<br>or by inheritance of both of the pair of chromosomes 15 from the<br>mother (UNIPARENTAL DISOMY) which are imprinted (GENETIC<br>IMPRINTING) and hence silenced. Clinical manifestations include<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; MUSCULAR HYPOTONIA; HYPERPHAGIA; OBESITY;<br>short stature; HYPOGONADISM; STRABISMUS; and HYPERSOMNOLENCE.<br>(Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p229)",""],["Prader-Willi Syndrome",3039,0.0,"D011218","C16.320.180.700",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder caused by deletion of<br>the proximal long arm of the paternal chromosome 15 (15q11-q13)<br>or by inheritance of both of the pair of chromosomes 15 from the<br>mother (UNIPARENTAL DISOMY) which are imprinted (GENETIC<br>IMPRINTING) and hence silenced. Clinical manifestations include<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; MUSCULAR HYPOTONIA; HYPERPHAGIA; OBESITY;<br>short stature; HYPOGONADISM; STRABISMUS; and HYPERSOMNOLENCE.<br>(Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p229)",""],["Progeria",1447,0.0,"D011371","C16.320.488.875",0,"Description: An abnormal congenital condition, associated with<br>defects in the LAMIN TYPE A gene, which is characterized by<br>premature aging in children, where all the changes of cell<br>senescence occur. It is manifested by premature graying; hair<br>loss; hearing loss (DEAFNESS); cataracts (CATARACT); ARTHRITIS;<br>OSTEOPOROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; atrophy of subcutaneous fat;<br>skeletal hypoplasia; elevated urinary HYALURONIC ACID; and<br>accelerated ATHEROSCLEROSIS. Many affected individuals develop<br>malignant tumors, especially SARCOMA.",""],["Progeria",1447,0.0,"D011371","C16.320.565.753",0,"Description: An abnormal congenital condition, associated with<br>defects in the LAMIN TYPE A gene, which is characterized by<br>premature aging in children, where all the changes of cell<br>senescence occur. It is manifested by premature graying; hair<br>loss; hearing loss (DEAFNESS); cataracts (CATARACT); ARTHRITIS;<br>OSTEOPOROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; atrophy of subcutaneous fat;<br>skeletal hypoplasia; elevated urinary HYALURONIC ACID; and<br>accelerated ATHEROSCLEROSIS. Many affected individuals develop<br>malignant tumors, especially SARCOMA.",""],["Prune Belly Syndrome",497,0.0,"D011535","C16.131.077.745",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by abdominal wall<br>musculature deficiency, cryptorchism, and urinary tract<br>abnormalities. The syndrome derives its name from its<br>characteristic distended abdomen with wrinkled skin.",""],["Pseudohypoaldosteronism",508,0.0,"D011546","C16.320.831.770",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by<br>renal electrolyte transport dysfunctions. Congenital forms are<br>rare autosomal disorders characterized by neonatal hypertension,<br>HYPERKALEMIA, increased RENIN activity and ALDOSTERONE<br>concentration. The Type I features HYPERKALEMIA with sodium<br>wasting; Type II, HYPERKALEMIA without sodium wasting.<br>Pseudohypoaldosteronism can be the result of a defective renal<br>electrolyte transport protein or acquired after KIDNEY<br>TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum",1687,0.0,"D011561","C16.131.831.766",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of connective tissue with<br>extensive degeneration and calcification of ELASTIC TISSUE<br>primarily in the skin, eye, and vasculature. At least two forms<br>exist, autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. This disorder<br>is caused by mutations of one of the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE<br>TRANSPORTERS. Patients are predisposed to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum",1687,0.0,"D011561","C16.320.850.750",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of connective tissue with<br>extensive degeneration and calcification of ELASTIC TISSUE<br>primarily in the skin, eye, and vasculature. At least two forms<br>exist, autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. This disorder<br>is caused by mutations of one of the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE<br>TRANSPORTERS. Patients are predisposed to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Retinitis Pigmentosa",7818,0.1,"D012174","C16.320.290.684",2,"Description: Hereditary, progressive degeneration of the retina<br>due to death of ROD PHOTORECEPTORS initially and subsequent death<br>of CONE PHOTORECEPTORS. It is characterized by deposition of<br>pigment in the retina.",""],["Retinopathy of Prematurity",6446,0.1,"D012178","C16.614.521.731",0,"Description: A bilateral retinopathy occurring in premature<br>infants treated with excessively high concentrations of oxygen,<br>characterized by vascular dilatation, proliferation, and<br>tortuosity, edema, and retinal detachment, with ultimate<br>conversion of the retina into a fibrous mass that can be seen as<br>a dense retrolental membrane. Usually growth of the eye is<br>arrested and may result in microophthalmia, and blindness may<br>occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Rubella Syndrome, Congenital",676,0.0,"D012410","C16.131.077.790",0,"Description: Transplacental infection of the fetus with rubella<br>usually in the first trimester of pregnancy, as a consequence of<br>maternal infection, resulting in various developmental<br>abnormalities in the newborn infant. They include cardiac and<br>ocular lesions, deafness, microcephaly, mental retardation, and<br>generalized growth retardation. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome",518,0.0,"D012415","C16.131.077.804",0,"Description: A chromosomal disorder characterized by MENTAL<br>RETARDATION, broad thumbs, webbing of fingers and toes, beaked<br>nose, short upper lip, pouting lower lip, agenesis of corpus<br>callosum, large foramen magnum, keloid formation, pulmonary<br>stenosis, vertebral anomalies, chest wall anomalies, sleep apnea,<br>and megacolon. The disease has an autosomal dominant pattern of<br>inheritance and is associated with deletions of the short arm of<br>chromosome 16 (16p13.3).",""],["Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome",518,0.0,"D012415","C16.131.260.790",0,"Description: A chromosomal disorder characterized by MENTAL<br>RETARDATION, broad thumbs, webbing of fingers and toes, beaked<br>nose, short upper lip, pouting lower lip, agenesis of corpus<br>callosum, large foramen magnum, keloid formation, pulmonary<br>stenosis, vertebral anomalies, chest wall anomalies, sleep apnea,<br>and megacolon. The disease has an autosomal dominant pattern of<br>inheritance and is associated with deletions of the short arm of<br>chromosome 16 (16p13.3).",""],["Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome",518,0.0,"D012415","C16.320.180.790",0,"Description: A chromosomal disorder characterized by MENTAL<br>RETARDATION, broad thumbs, webbing of fingers and toes, beaked<br>nose, short upper lip, pouting lower lip, agenesis of corpus<br>callosum, large foramen magnum, keloid formation, pulmonary<br>stenosis, vertebral anomalies, chest wall anomalies, sleep apnea,<br>and megacolon. The disease has an autosomal dominant pattern of<br>inheritance and is associated with deletions of the short arm of<br>chromosome 16 (16p13.3).",""],["Scimitar Syndrome",1032,0.0,"D012587","C16.131.740.815",0,"Description: An anomalous pulmonary venous return in which the<br>right PULMONARY VEIN is not connected to the LEFT ATRIUM but to<br>the INFERIOR VENA CAVA. Scimitar syndrome is named for the<br>crescent- or Turkish sword-like shadow in the chest radiography<br>and is often associated with hypoplasia of the right lung and<br>right pulmonary artery, and dextroposition of the heart.",""],["Sclerema Neonatorum",140,0.0,"D012593","C16.131.831.812",0,"Description: A severe, sometimes fatal, disorder of adipose<br>tissue occurring chiefly in preterm or debilitated infants<br>suffering from an underlying illness and manifested by a diffuse,<br>nonpitting induration of the affected tissue. The skin becomes<br>cold, yellowish, mottled, and inflexible.",""],["Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome",153,0.0,"D012779","C16.131.077.850",0,"Description: A syndrome inherited as an autosomal recessive trait<br>and incompatible with life. The main features are narrow thorax,<br>short ribs, scapular and pelvic dysplasia, and polydactyly.",""],["Spherocytosis, Hereditary",1856,0.0,"D013103","C16.320.070.785",0,"Description: A group of familial congenital hemolytic anemias<br>characterized by numerous abnormally shaped erythrocytes which<br>are generally spheroidal. The erythrocytes have increased osmotic<br>fragility and are abnormally permeable to sodium ions.",""],["Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome",1607,0.0,"D013734","C16.320.322.061",0,"Description: A disorder of sexual development transmitted as an<br>X-linked recessive trait. These patients have a karyotype of<br>46,XY with end-organ resistance to androgen due to mutations in<br>the androgen receptor (RECEPTORS, ANDROGEN) gene. Severity of the<br>defect in receptor quantity or quality correlates with their<br>phenotypes. In these genetic males, the phenotypic spectrum<br>ranges from those with normal female external genitalia, through<br>those with genital ambiguity as in Reifenstein Syndrome, to that<br>of a normal male with INFERTILITY.",""],["Thalassemia",21189,0.2,"D013789","C16.320.070.875",3,"Description: A group of hereditary hemolytic anemias in which<br>there is decreased synthesis of one or more hemoglobin<br>polypeptide chains. There are several genetic types with clinical<br>pictures ranging from barely detectable hematologic abnormality<br>to severe and fatal anemia.",""],["Thalassemia",23011,0.3,"D013789","C16.320.365.826",4,"Description: A group of hereditary hemolytic anemias in which<br>there is decreased synthesis of one or more hemoglobin<br>polypeptide chains. There are several genetic types with clinical<br>pictures ranging from barely detectable hematologic abnormality<br>to severe and fatal anemia.",""],["Thrombasthenia",846,0.0,"D013915","C16.320.099.820",0,"Description: A congenital bleeding disorder with prolonged<br>bleeding time, absence of aggregation of platelets in response to<br>most agents, especially ADP, and impaired or absent clot<br>retraction. Platelet membranes are deficient in or have a defect<br>in the glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex (PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN<br>GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX).",""],["Tracheobronchomegaly",226,0.0,"D014137","C16.131.740.830",0,"Description: A rare and probably congenital condition<br>characterized by great enlargement of the lumen of the trachea<br>and the larger bronchi.",""],["Tuberous Sclerosis",6221,0.1,"D014402","C16.320.400.880",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome<br>classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and<br>skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules).<br>There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic<br>manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and<br>HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart,<br>kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that<br>encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with<br>the disease.",""],["Tuberous Sclerosis",6221,0.1,"D014402","C16.320.700.700",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome<br>classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and<br>skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules).<br>There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic<br>manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and<br>HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart,<br>kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that<br>encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with<br>the disease.",""],["Twins, Conjoined",1883,0.0,"D014428","C16.131.085.806",0,"Description: MONOZYGOTIC TWINS who are joined in utero. They may<br>be well developed and share only a superficial connection, often<br>in the frontal, transverse or sagittal body plane, or they may<br>share a partial duplication of a body structure. Alternatively,<br>there may be a small and incompletely developed twin conjoined to<br>a larger, more fully developed twin.",""],["von Willebrand Diseases",5481,0.1,"D014842","C16.320.099.920",3,"Description: Group of hemorrhagic disorders in which the VON<br>WILLEBRAND FACTOR is either quantitatively or qualitatively<br>abnormal. They are usually inherited as an autosomal dominant<br>trait though rare kindreds are autosomal recessive. Symptoms vary<br>depending on severity and disease type but may include prolonged<br>bleeding time, deficiency of factor VIII, and impaired platelet<br>adhesion.",""],["Waardenburg Syndrome",748,0.0,"D014849","C16.131.077.938",0,"Description: Rare, autosomal dominant disease with variable<br>penetrance and several known clinical types. Characteristics may<br>include depigmentation of the hair and skin, congenital deafness,<br>heterochromia iridis, medial eyebrow hyperplasia, hypertrophy of<br>the nasal root, and especially dystopia canthorum. The underlying<br>cause may be defective development of the neural crest<br>(neurocristopathy). Waardenburg's syndrome may be closely related<br>to piebaldism. Klein-Waardenburg Syndrome refers to a disorder<br>that also includes upper limb abnormalities.",""],["Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood",1652,0.0,"D014897","C16.320.400.765",0,"Description: A group of recessive inherited diseases that feature<br>progressive muscular atrophy and hypotonia. They are classified<br>as type I (Werdnig-Hoffman disease), type II (intermediate form),<br>and type III (Kugelberg-Welander disease). Type I is fatal in<br>infancy, type II has a late infantile onset and is associated<br>with survival into the second or third decade. Type III has its<br>onset in childhood, and is slowly progressive. (J Med Genet 1996<br>Apr:33(4):281-3)",""],["Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome",1182,0.0,"D014923","C16.320.099.970",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by ECZEMA; LYMPHOPENIA; and, recurrent pyogenic<br>infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically,<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels are low and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular<br>malignancies are common.",""],["Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome",1182,0.0,"D014923","C16.320.322.937",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by ECZEMA; LYMPHOPENIA; and, recurrent pyogenic<br>infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically,<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels are low and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular<br>malignancies are common.",""],["Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome",1182,0.0,"D014923","C16.320.798.875",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by ECZEMA; LYMPHOPENIA; and, recurrent pyogenic<br>infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically,<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels are low and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular<br>malignancies are common.",""],["Deaf-Blind Disorders",1286,0.0,"D054062","C16.131.077.299",2,"Description: The absence of both hearing and vision.",""],["Optic Atrophies, Hereditary",2795,0.0,"D015418","C16.320.290.564",3,"Description: Hereditary conditions that feature progressive<br>visual loss in association with optic atrophy. Relatively common<br>forms include autosomal dominant optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHY,<br>AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT) and Leber hereditary optic atrophy (OPTIC<br>ATROPHY, HEREDITARY, LEBER).",""],["Optic Atrophies, Hereditary",2795,0.0,"D015418","C16.320.400.630",3,"Description: Hereditary conditions that feature progressive<br>visual loss in association with optic atrophy. Relatively common<br>forms include autosomal dominant optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHY,<br>AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT) and Leber hereditary optic atrophy (OPTIC<br>ATROPHY, HEREDITARY, LEBER).",""],["Xeroderma Pigmentosum",2629,0.0,"D014983","C16.131.831.936",0,"Description: A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive<br>disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to<br>ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that<br>permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA.",""],["Xeroderma Pigmentosum",2629,0.0,"D014983","C16.320.850.970",0,"Description: A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive<br>disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to<br>ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that<br>permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA.",""],["Hydrops Fetalis",1822,0.0,"D015160","C16.300.060.480",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more<br>fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA;<br>PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-<br>immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of<br>ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C16.131.077.970",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors",592,0.0,"D015499","C16.320.565.893",0,"Description: Genetic defects in the selective or non-selective<br>transport functions of the KIDNEY TUBULES.",""],["Choledochal Cyst",2267,0.0,"D015529","C16.131.314.184",1,"Description: A congenital anatomic malformation of a bile duct,<br>including cystic dilatation of the extrahepatic bile duct or the<br>large intrahepatic bile duct. Classification is based on the site<br>and type of dilatation. Type I is most common.",""],["Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital",1018,0.0,"D015615","C16.131.740.290",0,"Description: An abnormality in lung development that is<br>characterized by a multicystic mass resulting from an adenomatous<br>overgrowth of the terminal BRONCHIOLES with a consequent<br>reduction of PULMONARY ALVEOLI. This anomaly is classified into<br>three types by the cyst size.",""],["Aniridia",880,0.0,"D015783","C16.131.384.079",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which there is only a<br>rudimentary iris. This is due to the failure of the optic cup to<br>grow. Aniridia also occurs in a hereditary form, usually<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Aniridia",880,0.0,"D015783","C16.320.290.078",1,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which there is only a<br>rudimentary iris. This is due to the failure of the optic cup to<br>grow. Aniridia also occurs in a hereditary form, usually<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Retinal Dysplasia",155,0.0,"D015792","C16.131.384.784",0,"Description: Congenital, often bilateral, retinal abnormality<br>characterized by the arrangement of outer nuclear retinal cells<br>in a palisading or radiating pattern surrounding a central ocular<br>space. This disorder is sometimes hereditary.",""],["Retinal Dysplasia",155,0.0,"D015792","C16.320.290.660",0,"Description: Congenital, often bilateral, retinal abnormality<br>characterized by the arrangement of outer nuclear retinal cells<br>in a palisading or radiating pattern surrounding a central ocular<br>space. This disorder is sometimes hereditary.",""],["Choroideremia",404,0.0,"D015794","C16.320.290.142",0,"Description: An X chromosome-linked abnormality characterized by<br>atrophy of the choroid and degeneration of the retinal pigment<br>epithelium causing night blindness.",""],["Choroideremia",404,0.0,"D015794","C16.320.322.092",0,"Description: An X chromosome-linked abnormality characterized by<br>atrophy of the choroid and degeneration of the retinal pigment<br>epithelium causing night blindness.",""],["Gyrate Atrophy",170,0.0,"D015799","C16.320.290.468",0,"Description: Progressive, autosomal recessive, diffuse atrophy of<br>the choroid, pigment epithelium, and sensory retina that begins<br>in childhood.",""],["Central Nervous System Cysts",4065,0.0,"D020863","C16.131.666.142",2,"Description: Congenital or acquired cysts of the brain, spinal<br>cord, or meninges which may remain stable in size or undergo<br>progressive enlargement.",""],["Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease",342,0.0,"D016098","C16.320.400.350",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial prion disease with a<br>wide spectrum of clinical presentations including ATAXIA, spastic<br>paraparesis, extrapyramidal signs, and DEMENTIA. Clinical onset<br>is in the third to sixth decade of life and the mean duration of<br>illness prior to death is five years. Several kindreds with<br>variable clinical and pathologic features have been described.<br>Pathologic features include cerebral prion protein amyloidosis,<br>and spongiform or neurofibrillary degeneration. (From Brain<br>Pathol 1998 Jul;8(3):499-513; Brain Pathol 1995 Jan;5(1):61-75)",""],["Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome",278,0.0,"D016111","C16.320.850.820",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder<br>characterized by severe ichthyosis MENTAL RETARDATION; SPASTIC<br>PARAPLEGIA; and congenital ICHTHYOSIS. It is caused by mutation<br>of gene encoding microsomal fatty ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE leading<br>to defect in fatty alcohol metabolism.",""],["Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome",278,0.0,"D016111","C16.614.492.723",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder<br>characterized by severe ichthyosis MENTAL RETARDATION; SPASTIC<br>PARAPLEGIA; and congenital ICHTHYOSIS. It is caused by mutation<br>of gene encoding microsomal fatty ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE leading<br>to defect in fatty alcohol metabolism.",""],["Ichthyosis Vulgaris",160,0.0,"D016112","C16.320.850.405",0,"Description: Most common form of ICHTHYOSIS characterized by<br>prominent scaling especially on the exterior surfaces of the<br>extremities. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.",""],["Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital",1773,0.0,"D016113","C16.320.850.400",2,"Description: Designation for several severe forms of ichthyosis,<br>present at birth, that are characterized by hyperkeratotic<br>scaling. Infants may be born encased in a collodion membrane<br>which begins shedding within 24 hours. This is followed in about<br>two weeks by persistent generalized scaling. The forms include<br>bullous (HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC), non-bullous (ICHTHYOSIS,<br>LAMELLAR), wet type, and dry type.",""],["Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital",1968,0.0,"D016113","C16.614.492.400",3,"Description: Designation for several severe forms of ichthyosis,<br>present at birth, that are characterized by hyperkeratotic<br>scaling. Infants may be born encased in a collodion membrane<br>which begins shedding within 24 hours. This is followed in about<br>two weeks by persistent generalized scaling. The forms include<br>bullous (HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC), non-bullous (ICHTHYOSIS,<br>LAMELLAR), wet type, and dry type.",""],["Ichthyosis, X-Linked",240,0.0,"D016114","C16.320.322.241",0,"Description: Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a<br>sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and<br>transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe<br>scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with<br>steroid sulfatase deficiency.",""],["Ichthyosis, X-Linked",240,0.0,"D016114","C16.320.850.408",0,"Description: Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a<br>sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and<br>transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe<br>scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with<br>steroid sulfatase deficiency.",""],["Ichthyosis, X-Linked",240,0.0,"D016114","C16.614.492.420",0,"Description: Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a<br>sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and<br>transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe<br>scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with<br>steroid sulfatase deficiency.",""],["Holoprosencephaly",1178,0.0,"D016142","C16.131.077.410",0,"Description: Anterior midline brain, cranial, and facial<br>malformations resulting from the failure of the embryonic<br>prosencephalon to undergo segmentation and cleavage. Alobar<br>prosencephaly is the most severe form and features anophthalmia;<br>cyclopia; severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT<br>PALATE; SEIZURES; and microcephaly. Semilobar holoprosencepaly is<br>characterized by hypotelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma, nasal<br>malformations, and variable degrees of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.<br>Lobar holoprosencephaly is associated with mild (or absent)<br>facial malformations and intellectual abilities that range from<br>mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY to normal. Holoprosencephaly is<br>associated with CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES.",""],["Holoprosencephaly",1178,0.0,"D016142","C16.131.260.380",0,"Description: Anterior midline brain, cranial, and facial<br>malformations resulting from the failure of the embryonic<br>prosencephalon to undergo segmentation and cleavage. Alobar<br>prosencephaly is the most severe form and features anophthalmia;<br>cyclopia; severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT<br>PALATE; SEIZURES; and microcephaly. Semilobar holoprosencepaly is<br>characterized by hypotelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma, nasal<br>malformations, and variable degrees of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.<br>Lobar holoprosencephaly is associated with mild (or absent)<br>facial malformations and intellectual abilities that range from<br>mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY to normal. Holoprosencephaly is<br>associated with CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES.",""],["Agenesis of Corpus Callosum",3251,0.0,"D061085","C16.131.666.034",4,"Description: Birth defect that results in a partial or complete<br>absence of the CORPUS CALLOSUM. It may be isolated or a part of a<br>syndrome (e.g., AICARDI'S SYNDROME; ACROCALLOSAL SYNDROME;<br>ANDERMANN SYNDROME; and HOLOPROSENCEPHALY). Clinical<br>manifestations include neuromotor skill impairment and<br>INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY of variable severity.",""],["Holoprosencephaly",1178,0.0,"D016142","C16.320.180.380",0,"Description: Anterior midline brain, cranial, and facial<br>malformations resulting from the failure of the embryonic<br>prosencephalon to undergo segmentation and cleavage. Alobar<br>prosencephaly is the most severe form and features anophthalmia;<br>cyclopia; severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT<br>PALATE; SEIZURES; and microcephaly. Semilobar holoprosencepaly is<br>characterized by hypotelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma, nasal<br>malformations, and variable degrees of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.<br>Lobar holoprosencephaly is associated with mild (or absent)<br>facial malformations and intellectual abilities that range from<br>mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY to normal. Holoprosencephaly is<br>associated with CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES.",""],["Pemphigus, Benign Familial",527,0.0,"D016506","C16.320.850.700",0,"Description: An autosomal dominantly inherited skin disorder<br>characterized by recurrent eruptions of vesicles and BULLAE<br>mainly on the neck, axillae, and groin. Mutations in the ATP2C1<br>gene (encoding the secretory pathway Ca2++/Mn2++ ATPase 1<br>(SPCA1)) cause this disease. It is clinically and histologically<br>similar to DARIER DISEASE - both have abnormal, unstable<br>DESMOSOMES between KERATINOCYTES and defective CALCIUM-<br>TRANSPORTING ATPASES. It is unrelated to PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS<br>though it closely resembles that disease.",""],["Severe Combined Immunodeficiency",4043,0.0,"D016511","C16.320.798.750",1,"Description: Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by<br>impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity,<br>leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. It is inherited as<br>an X-linked or autosomal recessive defect. Mutations occurring in<br>many different genes cause human Severe Combined Immunodeficiency<br>(SCID).",""],["Blepharophimosis",398,0.0,"D016569","C16.131.384.190",0,"Description: The abnormal narrowness of the palpebral fissure in<br>the horizontal direction caused by the lateral displacement of<br>the medial canthi of the eyelids. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Proteus Syndrome",401,0.0,"D016715","C16.131.077.740",0,"Description: Hamartoneoplastic malformation syndrome of uncertain<br>etiology characterized by partial GIGANTISM of the hands and/or<br>feet, asymmetry of the limbs, plantar hyperplasia, hemangiomas<br>(HEMANGIOMA), lipomas (LIPOMA), lymphangiomas (LYMPHANGIOMA),<br>epidermal NEVI; MACROCEPHALY; cranial HYPEROSTOSIS, and long-bone<br>overgrowth. Joseph Merrick, the so-called \"elephant man\",<br>apparently suffered from Proteus syndrome and not<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, a disorder with similar characteristics.",""],["Alagille Syndrome",663,0.0,"D016738","C16.131.077.065",0,"Description: A multisystem disorder that is characterized by<br>aplasia of intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC),<br>and malformations in the cardiovascular system, the eyes, the<br>vertebral column, and the facies. Major clinical features include<br>JAUNDICE, and congenital heart disease with peripheral PULMONARY<br>STENOSIS. Alagille syndrome may result from heterogeneous gene<br>mutations, including mutations in JAG1 on CHROMOSOME 20 (Type 1)<br>and NOTCH2 on CHROMOSOME 1 (Type 2).",""],["Caroli Disease",396,0.0,"D016767","C16.320.184.250",0,"Description: Congenital cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic<br>bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC). It consists of 2 types:<br>simple Caroli disease is characterized by bile duct dilatation<br>(ectasia) alone; and complex Caroli disease is characterized by<br>bile duct dilatation with extensive hepatic fibrosis and portal<br>hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL). Benign renal tubular ectasia<br>is associated with both types of Caroli disease.",""],["Li-Fraumeni Syndrome",676,0.0,"D016864","C16.320.700.600",0,"Description: Rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by<br>mesenchymal and epithelial neoplasms at multiple sites. MUTATION<br>of the p53 tumor suppressor gene, a component of the DNA DAMAGE<br>response pathway, apparently predisposes family members who<br>inherit it to develop certain cancers. The spectrum of cancers in<br>the syndrome was shown to include, in addition to BREAST CANCER<br>and soft tissue sarcomas (SARCOMA); BRAIN TUMORS; OSTEOSARCOMA;<br>LEUKEMIA; and ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA.",""],["POEMS Syndrome",1203,0.0,"D016878","C16.131.077.703",0,"Description: A multisystemic disorder characterized by a<br>sensorimotor polyneuropathy (POLYNEUROPATHIES), organomegaly,<br>endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and pigmentary skin<br>changes. Other clinical features which may be present include<br>EDEMA; CACHEXIA; microangiopathic glomerulopathy; pulmonary<br>hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY); cutaneous necrosis;<br>THROMBOCYTOSIS; and POLYCYTHEMIA. This disorder is frequently<br>associated with osteosclerotic myeloma. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1335; Rev Med Interne<br>1997;18(7):553-62)",""],["Porphyria, Erythropoietic",387,0.0,"D017092","C16.320.850.738",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN III SYNTHASE in the BONE MARROW;<br>also known as congenital erythropoietic porphyria. This disease<br>is characterized by SPLENOMEGALY; ANEMIA; photosensitivity;<br>cutaneous lesions; accumulation of hydroxymethylbilane; and<br>increased excretion of UROPORPHYRINS and COPROPORPHYRINS.",""],["Porphyrias, Hepatic",3410,0.0,"D017094","C16.320.850.742",6,"Description: A group of metabolic diseases due to deficiency of<br>one of a number of LIVER enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of<br>HEME. They are characterized by the accumulation and increased<br>excretion of PORPHYRINS or its precursors. Clinical features<br>include neurological symptoms (PORPHYRIA, ACUTE INTERMITTENT),<br>cutaneous lesions due to photosensitivity (PORPHYRIA CUTANEA<br>TARDA), or both (HEREDITARY COPROPORPHYRIA). Hepatic porphyrias<br>can be hereditary or acquired as a result of toxicity to the<br>hepatic tissues.",""],["Angelman Syndrome",1235,0.0,"D017204","C16.131.077.095",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by multiple abnormalities,<br>MENTAL RETARDATION, and movement disorders. Present usually are<br>skull and other abnormalities, frequent infantile spasms (SPASMS,<br>INFANTILE); easily provoked and prolonged paroxysms of laughter<br>(hence \"happy\"); jerky puppetlike movements (hence \"puppet\");<br>continuous tongue protrusion; motor retardation; ATAXIA; MUSCLE<br>HYPOTONIA; and a peculiar facies. It is associated with maternal<br>deletions of chromosome 15q11-13 and other genetic abnormalities.<br>(From Am J Med Genet 1998 Dec 4;80(4):385-90; Hum Mol Genet 1999<br>Jan;8(1):129-35)",""],["Angelman Syndrome",1235,0.0,"D017204","C16.131.260.040",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by multiple abnormalities,<br>MENTAL RETARDATION, and movement disorders. Present usually are<br>skull and other abnormalities, frequent infantile spasms (SPASMS,<br>INFANTILE); easily provoked and prolonged paroxysms of laughter<br>(hence \"happy\"); jerky puppetlike movements (hence \"puppet\");<br>continuous tongue protrusion; motor retardation; ATAXIA; MUSCLE<br>HYPOTONIA; and a peculiar facies. It is associated with maternal<br>deletions of chromosome 15q11-13 and other genetic abnormalities.<br>(From Am J Med Genet 1998 Dec 4;80(4):385-90; Hum Mol Genet 1999<br>Jan;8(1):129-35)",""],["Angelman Syndrome",1235,0.0,"D017204","C16.320.180.040",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by multiple abnormalities,<br>MENTAL RETARDATION, and movement disorders. Present usually are<br>skull and other abnormalities, frequent infantile spasms (SPASMS,<br>INFANTILE); easily provoked and prolonged paroxysms of laughter<br>(hence \"happy\"); jerky puppetlike movements (hence \"puppet\");<br>continuous tongue protrusion; motor retardation; ATAXIA; MUSCLE<br>HYPOTONIA; and a peculiar facies. It is associated with maternal<br>deletions of chromosome 15q11-13 and other genetic abnormalities.<br>(From Am J Med Genet 1998 Dec 4;80(4):385-90; Hum Mol Genet 1999<br>Jan;8(1):129-35)",""],["Porokeratosis",849,0.0,"D017499","C16.320.850.730",0,"Description: A heritable disorder of faulty keratinization<br>characterized by the proliferation of abnormal clones of<br>KERATINOCYTES and lesions showing varying atrophic patches<br>surrounded by an elevated, keratotic border. These keratotic<br>lesions can progress to overt cutaneous neoplasm. Several<br>clinical variants are recognized, including porokeratosis of<br>Mibelli, linear porokeratosis, disseminated superficial actinic<br>porokeratosis, palmoplantar porokeratosis, and punctate<br>porokeratosis.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C16.131.260.940",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C16.320.180.940",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Canavan Disease",311,0.0,"D017825","C16.320.400.150",0,"Description: A rare neurodegenerative condition of infancy or<br>childhood characterized by white matter vacuolization and<br>demeylination that gives rise to a spongy appearance.<br>Aspartoacylase deficiency leads to an accumulation of<br>N-acetylaspartate in astrocytes. Inheritance may be autosomal<br>recessive or the illness may occur sporadically. This illness<br>occurs more frequently in individuals of Ashkenazic Jewish<br>descent. The neonatal form features the onset of hypotonia and<br>lethargy at birth, rapidly progressing to coma and death. The<br>infantile form features developmental delay, DYSKINESIAS,<br>hypotonia, spasticity, blindness, and megalencephaly. The<br>juvenile form is characterized by ATAXIA; OPTIC ATROPHY; and<br>DEMENTIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p944; Am J Med Genet 1988 Feb;29(2):463-71)",""],["Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome",445,0.0,"D018370","C16.320.798.719",0,"Description: Rare, autosomal recessive disorder caused by<br>deficiency of the beta 2 integrin receptors (RECEPTORS,<br>LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION) comprising the CD11/CD18 family of<br>glycoproteins. The syndrome is characterized by abnormal<br>adhesion-dependent functions, especially defective tissue<br>emigration of neutrophils, leading to recurrent infection.",""],["Williams Syndrome",1893,0.0,"D018980","C16.131.260.970",0,"Description: A disorder caused by hemizygous microdeletion of<br>about 28 genes on chromosome 7q11.23, including the ELASTIN gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include SUPRAVALVULAR AORTIC STENOSIS;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; elfin facies; impaired visuospatial<br>constructive abilities; and transient HYPERCALCEMIA in infancy.<br>The condition affects both sexes, with onset at birth or in early<br>infancy.",""],["Williams Syndrome",1893,0.0,"D018980","C16.320.180.970",0,"Description: A disorder caused by hemizygous microdeletion of<br>about 28 genes on chromosome 7q11.23, including the ELASTIN gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include SUPRAVALVULAR AORTIC STENOSIS;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; elfin facies; impaired visuospatial<br>constructive abilities; and transient HYPERCALCEMIA in infancy.<br>The condition affects both sexes, with onset at birth or in early<br>infancy.",""],["Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome",595,0.0,"D019082","C16.131.077.860",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of CHOLESTEROL<br>metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol<br>reductase, the enzyme that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to<br>cholesterol, leading to an abnormally low plasma cholesterol.<br>This syndrome is characterized by multiple CONGENITAL<br>ABNORMALITIES, growth deficiency, and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome",248,0.0,"D019280","C16.131.077.208",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder manifested by various<br>combinations of preauricular pits, branchial fistulae or cysts,<br>lacrimal duct stenosis, hearing loss, structural defects of the<br>outer, middle, or inner ear, and renal dysplasia. Associated<br>defects include asthenic habitus, long narrow facies, constricted<br>palate, deep overbite, and myopia. Hearing loss may be due to<br>Mondini type cochlear defect and stapes fixation. (Jablonski's<br>Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed)",""],["Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome",248,0.0,"D019280","C16.131.260.090",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder manifested by various<br>combinations of preauricular pits, branchial fistulae or cysts,<br>lacrimal duct stenosis, hearing loss, structural defects of the<br>outer, middle, or inner ear, and renal dysplasia. Associated<br>defects include asthenic habitus, long narrow facies, constricted<br>palate, deep overbite, and myopia. Hearing loss may be due to<br>Mondini type cochlear defect and stapes fixation. (Jablonski's<br>Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed)",""],["Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome",248,0.0,"D019280","C16.320.180.090",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder manifested by various<br>combinations of preauricular pits, branchial fistulae or cysts,<br>lacrimal duct stenosis, hearing loss, structural defects of the<br>outer, middle, or inner ear, and renal dysplasia. Associated<br>defects include asthenic habitus, long narrow facies, constricted<br>palate, deep overbite, and myopia. Hearing loss may be due to<br>Mondini type cochlear defect and stapes fixation. (Jablonski's<br>Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed)",""],["Port-Wine Stain",1040,0.0,"D019339","C16.131.831.675",0,"Description: A vascular malformation of developmental origin<br>characterized pathologically by ectasia of superficial dermal<br>capillaries, and clinically by persistent macular erythema. In<br>the past, port wine stains have frequently been termed capillary<br>hemangiomas, which they are not; unfortunately this confusing<br>practice persists: HEMANGIOMA, CAPILLARY is neoplastic, a port-<br>wine stain is non-neoplastic. Port-wine stains vary in color from<br>fairly pale pink to deep red or purple and in size from a few<br>millimeters to many centimeters in diameter. The face is the most<br>frequently affected site and they are most often unilateral.<br>(From Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 5th ed, p483)",""],["Dyskeratosis Congenita",679,0.0,"D019871","C16.131.831.150",0,"Description: A predominantly X-linked recessive syndrome<br>characterized by a triad of reticular skin pigmentation, nail<br>dystrophy and leukoplakia of mucous membranes. Oral and dental<br>abnormalities may also be present. Complications are a<br>predisposition to malignancy and bone marrow involvement with<br>pancytopenia. (from Int J Paediatr Dent 2000 Dec;10(4):328-34)<br>The X-linked form is also known as Zinsser-Cole-Engman syndrome<br>and involves the gene which encodes a highly conserved protein<br>called dyskerin.",""],["Dyskeratosis Congenita",679,0.0,"D019871","C16.320.322.108",0,"Description: A predominantly X-linked recessive syndrome<br>characterized by a triad of reticular skin pigmentation, nail<br>dystrophy and leukoplakia of mucous membranes. Oral and dental<br>abnormalities may also be present. Complications are a<br>predisposition to malignancy and bone marrow involvement with<br>pancytopenia. (from Int J Paediatr Dent 2000 Dec;10(4):328-34)<br>The X-linked form is also known as Zinsser-Cole-Engman syndrome<br>and involves the gene which encodes a highly conserved protein<br>called dyskerin.",""],["Dyskeratosis Congenita",679,0.0,"D019871","C16.320.850.235",0,"Description: A predominantly X-linked recessive syndrome<br>characterized by a triad of reticular skin pigmentation, nail<br>dystrophy and leukoplakia of mucous membranes. Oral and dental<br>abnormalities may also be present. Complications are a<br>predisposition to malignancy and bone marrow involvement with<br>pancytopenia. (from Int J Paediatr Dent 2000 Dec;10(4):328-34)<br>The X-linked form is also known as Zinsser-Cole-Engman syndrome<br>and involves the gene which encodes a highly conserved protein<br>called dyskerin.",""],["Activated Protein C Resistance",677,0.0,"D020016","C16.320.099.037",0,"Description: A hemostatic disorder characterized by a poor<br>anticoagulant response to activated protein C (APC). The<br>activated form of Factor V (Factor Va) is more slowly degraded by<br>activated protein C. Factor V Leiden mutation (R506Q) is the most<br>common cause of APC resistance.",""],["Gastroschisis",1487,0.0,"D020139","C16.131.621.417",0,"Description: A congenital defect with major fissure in the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL lateral to, but not at, the UMBILICUS. This<br>results in the extrusion of VISCERA. Unlike OMPHALOCELE,<br>herniated structures in gastroschisis are not covered by a sac or<br>PERITONEUM.",""],["Protein C Deficiency",1115,0.0,"D020151","C16.320.099.690",0,"Description: An absence or deficiency in PROTEIN C which leads to<br>impaired regulation of blood coagulation. It is associated with<br>an increased risk of severe or premature thrombosis. (Stedman's<br>Med. Dict., 26th ed.)",""],["Antithrombin III Deficiency",866,0.0,"D020152","C16.320.099.075",0,"Description: An absence or reduced level of Antithrombin III<br>leading to an increased risk for thrombosis.",""],["Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease",839,0.0,"D020163","C16.320.322.828",0,"Description: An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with<br>deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE,<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and featuring elevations of<br>amino acids and ammonia in the serum. Clinical features, which<br>are more prominent in males, include seizures, behavioral<br>alterations, episodic vomiting, lethargy, and coma. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp49-50)",""],["Lafora Disease",379,0.0,"D020192","C16.320.400.480",0,"Description: A form of stimulus sensitive MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY<br>inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. The most common<br>presenting feature is a single seizure in the second decade of<br>life. This is followed by progressive myoclonus, myoclonic<br>seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, focal occipital seizures,<br>intellectual decline, and severe motor and coordination<br>impairments. Most affected individuals do not live past the age<br>of 25 years. Concentric amyloid (Lafora) bodies are found in<br>neurons, liver, skin, bone, and muscle (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Childhood Neurology, 5th ed, pp111-110).",""],["Unverricht-Lundborg Syndrome",157,0.0,"D020194","C16.320.400.940",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive condition characterized by<br>recurrent myoclonic and generalized seizures, ATAXIA, slowly<br>progressive intellectual deterioration, DYSARTHRIA, and intention<br>tremor. Myoclonic seizures are severe and continuous, and tend to<br>be triggered by movement, stress, and sensory stimuli. The age of<br>onset is between 8 and 13 years, and the condition is relatively<br>frequent in the Baltic region, especially Finland. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp109-110)",""],["Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases",492,0.0,"D020279","C16.320.400.367",0,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by a loss of<br>MYELIN in the central nervous system.",""],["Mobius Syndrome",370,0.0,"D020331","C16.131.077.578",0,"Description: A syndrome of congenital facial paralysis,<br>frequently associated with abducens palsy and other congenital<br>abnormalities including lingual palsy, clubfeet, brachial<br>disorders, cognitive deficits, and pectoral muscle defects.<br>Pathologic findings are variable and include brain stem nuclear<br>aplasia, facial nerve aplasia, and facial muscle aplasia,<br>consistent with a multifactorial etiology. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1020)",""],["Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease",350,0.0,"D020371","C16.320.322.906",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive disorder of myelin<br>formation. Subtypes are referred to as classic, congenital,<br>transitional, and adult forms of this disease. The classic form<br>is X-chromosome linked, has its onset in infancy and is<br>associated with a mutation of the proteolipid protein gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include TREMOR, spasmus nutans, roving<br>eye movements, ATAXIA, spasticity, and NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL.<br>Death occurs by the third decade of life. The congenital form has<br>similar characteristics but presents early in infancy and<br>features rapid disease progression. Transitional and adult<br>subtypes have a later onset and less severe symptomatology.<br>Pathologic features include patchy areas of demyelination with<br>preservation of perivascular islands (trigoid appearance). (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p190)",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne",6680,0.1,"D020388","C16.320.322.562",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an<br>inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with<br>maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers<br>undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration.<br>Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first<br>few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see<br>MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired<br>mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related<br>condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually<br>adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415)",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne",6680,0.1,"D020388","C16.320.577.300",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an<br>inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with<br>maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers<br>undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration.<br>Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first<br>few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see<br>MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired<br>mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related<br>condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually<br>adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415)",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral",1084,0.0,"D020391","C16.320.577.400",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant degenerative muscle disease<br>characterized by slowly progressive weakness of the muscles of<br>the face, upper-arm, and shoulder girdle. The onset of symptoms<br>usually occurs in the first or second decade of life. Affected<br>individuals usually present with impairment of upper extremity<br>elevation. This tends to be followed by facial weakness,<br>primarily involving the orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi<br>muscles. (Neuromuscul Disord 1997;7(1):55-62; Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1420)",""],["Bardet-Biedl Syndrome",679,0.0,"D020788","C16.320.184.125",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; POLYDACTYLY; OBESITY; MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>hypogenitalism; renal dysplasia; and short stature. This syndrome<br>has been distinguished as a separate entity from LAURENCE-MOON<br>SYNDROME. (From J Med Genet 1997 Feb;34(2):92-8)",""],["Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney",525,0.0,"D021782","C16.131.939.629",0,"Description: A nongenetic defect due to malformation of the<br>KIDNEY which appears as a bunch of grapes with multiple renal<br>cysts but lacking the normal renal bean shape, and the collection<br>drainage system. This condition can be detected in-utero with<br>ULTRASONOGRAPHY.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C16.320.099.515",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Amyloidosis, Familial",2896,0.0,"D028226","C16.320.565.176",2,"Description: Diseases in which there is a familial pattern of<br>AMYLOIDOSIS.",""],["Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial",2169,0.0,"D028227","C16.320.400.050",0,"Description: Inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system<br>associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. The<br>different clinical types based on symptoms correspond to the<br>presence of a variety of mutations in several different proteins<br>including transthyretin (PREALBUMIN); APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; and<br>GELSOLIN.",""],["Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan",523,0.0,"D029503","C16.320.077.090",0,"Description: A rare congenital hypoplastic anemia that usually<br>presents early in infancy. The disease is characterized by a<br>moderate to severe macrocytic anemia, occasional neutropenia or<br>thrombocytosis, a normocellular bone marrow with erythroid<br>hypoplasia, and an increased risk of developing leukemia. (Curr<br>Opin Hematol 2000 Mar;7(2):85-94)",""],["Cytochrome-c Oxidase Deficiency",450,0.0,"D030401","C16.320.565.240",0,"Description: A disease that results from a congenital defect in<br>ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV. Defects in ELECTRON TRANSPORT<br>COMPLEX IV can be caused by mutations in the SURF1, SCO2, COX10,<br>or SCO1 genes. ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV deficiency caused by<br>mutation in SURF1 manifests itself as LEIGH DISEASE; that caused<br>by mutation in SCO2 as fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy;<br>that caused by mutation in COX10 as tubulopathy and<br>leukodystrophy; and that caused by mutation in SCO1 as early-<br>onset hepatic failure and neurologic disorder. (from Online<br>Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim,<br>MIM#220110, May 17, 2001)",""],["Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome",131,0.0,"D031845","C16.131.621.445",0,"Description: Rare, autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by<br>ACRO-OSTEOLYSIS, generalized OSTEOPOROSIS, and skull<br>deformations.",""],["Alexander Disease",380,0.0,"D038261","C16.320.400.024",0,"Description: Rare leukoencephalopathy with infantile-onset<br>accumulation of Rosenthal fibers in the subpial, periventricular,<br>and subependymal zones of the brain. Rosenthal fibers are GLIAL<br>FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN aggregates found in ASTROCYTES.<br>Juvenile- and adult-onset types show progressive atrophy of the<br>lower brainstem instead. De novo mutations in the GFAP gene are<br>associated with the disease with propensity for paternal<br>inheritance.",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal",288,0.0,"D039141","C16.320.577.450",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant hereditary disease that<br>presents in late in life and is characterized by DYSPHAGIA and<br>progressive ptosis of the eyelids. Mutations in the gene for<br>POLY(A)-BINDING PROTEIN II have been associated with<br>oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.",""],["LEOPARD Syndrome",212,0.0,"D044542","C16.131.077.525",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of<br>its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abnormalities;<br>ocular HYPERTELORISM; PULMONARY STENOSIS; abnormal genitalia;<br>retardation of growth; and DEAFNESS or SENSORINEURAL HEARING<br>LOSS). This syndrome is caused by mutations of PTPN11 gene<br>encoding the non-receptor PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, type 11,<br>and is an allelic to NOONAN SYNDROME. Features of LEOPARD<br>syndrome overlap with those of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 which is<br>caused by mutations in the NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 GENES.",""],["Laron Syndrome",217,0.0,"D046150","C16.320.240.750",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>short stature, defective GROWTH HORMONE RECEPTOR, and failure to<br>generate INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I by GROWTH HORMONE. Laron<br>syndrome is not a form of primary pituitary dwarfism (GROWTH<br>HORMONE DEFICIENCY DWARFISM) but the result of mutation of the<br>human GHR gene on chromosome 5.",""],["Lingual Thyroid",229,0.0,"D046151","C16.131.894.500",1,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>rudimentary THYROID tissue at the base of the TONGUE. It is due<br>to failed embryonic development and migration of thyroid tissue<br>to its normal location. The lingual thyroid usually cannot<br>maintain adequate hormone production thereby resulting in<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM.",""],["Nesidioblastosis",123,0.0,"D046768","C16.614.200.500",0,"Description: An inherited autosomal recessive syndrome<br>characterized by the disorganized formation of new islets in the<br>PANCREAS and CONGENITAL HYPERINSULINISM. It is due to focal<br>hyperplasia of pancreatic ISLET CELLS budding off from the ductal<br>structures and forming new islets of Langerhans. Mutations in the<br>islet cells involve the potassium channel gene KCNJ11 or the ATP-<br>binding cassette transporter gene ABCC8, both on CHROMOSOME 11.",""],["Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle",1389,0.0,"D049288","C16.320.577.280",1,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited muscular dystrophy<br>that can be autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. There are<br>many forms (called LGMDs) involving genes encoding muscle<br>membrane proteins such as the sarcoglycan (SARCOGLYCANS) complex<br>that interacts with DYSTROPHIN. The disease is characterized by<br>progressing wasting and weakness of the proximal muscles of arms<br>and legs around the HIPS and SHOULDERS (the pelvic and shoulder<br>girdles).",""],["Distal Myopathies",450,0.0,"D049310","C16.320.577.074",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of genetic disorders<br>characterized by progressive MUSCULAR ATROPHY and MUSCLE WEAKNESS<br>beginning in the hands, the legs, or the feet. Most are adult-<br>onset autosomal dominant forms. Others are autosomal recessive.",""],["Graves Ophthalmopathy",2850,0.0,"D049970","C16.320.290.410",0,"Description: An autoimmune disorder of the EYE, occurring in<br>patients with Graves disease. Subtypes include congestive<br>(inflammation of the orbital connective tissue), myopathic<br>(swelling and dysfunction of the extraocular muscles), and mixed<br>congestive-myopathic ophthalmopathy.",""],["Mulibrey Nanism",34,0.0,"D050336","C16.320.240.875",0,"Description: Growth failure from birth that is due to mutations<br>in a gene (TRIM37) on chromosome 17q22-q23 which encodes a RING-<br>B-box-coiled-coil protein.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb",215,0.0,"D052120","C16.320.322.201",0,"Description: An X-linked dominant multisystem disorder resulting<br>in cardiomyopathy, myopathy and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. It is<br>caused by mutation in the gene encoding LYSOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED<br>MEMBRANE PROTEIN 2.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial",172,0.0,"D052496","C16.320.488.813",0,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by the partial<br>loss of ADIPOSE TISSUE, either confined to the extremities with<br>normal or increased fat deposits on the face, neck and trunk<br>(type 1), or confined to the loss of SUBCUTANEOUS FAT from the<br>limbs and trunk (type 2). Type 3 is associated with mutation in<br>the gene encoding PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR<br>GAMMA.",""],["Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome",249,0.0,"D053306","C16.320.798.625",1,"Description: A rare inherited immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by normal or elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels<br>with absence of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E. It results in a profound susceptibility to<br>BACTERIAL INFECTIONS and an increased susceptibility to<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS. Several subtypes of hyper-IgM<br>immunodeficiency syndrome exist depending upon the location of<br>genetic mutation.",""],["Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Type 1",93,0.0,"D053307","C16.320.322.237",0,"Description: An X-linked hyper-IgM immunodeficiency subtype<br>resulting from mutation in the gene encoding CD40 LIGAND.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic",252,0.0,"D053358","C16.320.322.116",0,"Description: An X-linked form of ectodermal dysplasia which<br>results from mutations of the gene encoding ECTODYSPLASIN.",""],["Leukokeratosis, Hereditary Mucosal",42,0.0,"D053529","C16.320.850.542",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder that is manifested by<br>thickened spongiform ORAL MUCOSA with a white opalescent tint.<br>Other MUCOSAL TISSUE may also be involved mucosa found in the<br>VAGINA; RECTUM, and NASAL CAVITY may be similarly involved. This<br>form of LEUKOKERATOSIS can be caused by a mutation in the gene<br>for KERATIN 4 and is not considered a PRENEOPLASTIC CONDITION.",""],["Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens",10,0.0,"D053560","C16.320.850.402",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ichthyosis<br>characterized by generalized reddening of the skin (ERYTHEMA) and<br>widespread blistering. The disease shows similar, but somewhat<br>milder, clinical and histopathological findings to those in<br>HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC and is associated with the gene<br>that encodes KERATIN-2A.",""],["Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens",10,0.0,"D053560","C16.614.492.410",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ichthyosis<br>characterized by generalized reddening of the skin (ERYTHEMA) and<br>widespread blistering. The disease shows similar, but somewhat<br>milder, clinical and histopathological findings to those in<br>HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC and is associated with the gene<br>that encodes KERATIN-2A.",""],["Gitelman Syndrome",464,0.0,"D053579","C16.320.831.491",0,"Description: An inherited renal disorder characterized by<br>defective NaCl reabsorption in the convoluted DISTAL KIDNEY<br>TUBULE leading to HYPOKALEMIA. In contrast with BARTTER SYNDROME,<br>Gitelman syndrome includes hypomagnesemia and normocalcemic<br>hypocalciuria, and is caused by mutations in the thiazide-<br>sensitive SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.",""],["X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases",234,0.0,"D053632","C16.320.322.968",0,"Description: Forms of combined immunodeficiency caused by<br>mutations in the gene for INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA<br>SUBUNIT. Both severe and non-severe subtypes of the disease have<br>been identified.",""],["X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases",234,0.0,"D053632","C16.614.815.500",0,"Description: Forms of combined immunodeficiency caused by<br>mutations in the gene for INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA<br>SUBUNIT. Both severe and non-severe subtypes of the disease have<br>been identified.",""],["Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn",342,0.0,"D054000","C16.131.077.633",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by lesions occurring on the<br>face, scalp, or neck which consist of congenital hypoplastic<br>malformations of cutaneous structures and which over time undergo<br>verrucous hyperplasia. Additionally it is associated with<br>neurological symptoms and skeletal, ophthalmological, urogenital,<br>and cardiovascular abnormalities.",""],["Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency",228,0.0,"D054078","C16.320.382.750",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in<br>the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutations cholesterol<br>biosynthesis is disrupted and MEVALONIC ACID accumulates. It is<br>characterized by a range of symptoms, including dysmorphic<br>FACIES, psychomotor retardation, CATARACT, hepatosplenomegaly,<br>CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, elevated IMMUNOGLOBULIN D, and recurrent<br>febrile crises with FEVER; LYMPHADENOPATHY; ARTHRALGIA; EDEMA;<br>and rash.",""],["Trichothiodystrophy Syndromes",115,0.0,"D054463","C16.131.077.899",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neuroectodermal disorders<br>characterized by brittle sulfur-deficient hair associated with<br>impaired intellect, decreased fertility, and short stature. It<br>may include nail dystrophy, ICHTHYOSIS, and photosensitivity<br>correlated with a NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR defect. All<br>individuals with this disorder have a deficiency of cysteine-rich<br>KERATIN-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS found in the interfilamentous matrix.<br>Photosensitive trichothiodystrophy can be caused by mutation in<br>at least 2 separate genes: ERCC2 PROTEIN gene and the related<br>ERCC3. Nonphotosensitive trichothiodystrophy can be caused by<br>mutation in the TTDN1 gene.",""],["Trichothiodystrophy Syndromes",115,0.0,"D054463","C16.131.831.874",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neuroectodermal disorders<br>characterized by brittle sulfur-deficient hair associated with<br>impaired intellect, decreased fertility, and short stature. It<br>may include nail dystrophy, ICHTHYOSIS, and photosensitivity<br>correlated with a NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR defect. All<br>individuals with this disorder have a deficiency of cysteine-rich<br>KERATIN-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS found in the interfilamentous matrix.<br>Photosensitive trichothiodystrophy can be caused by mutation in<br>at least 2 separate genes: ERCC2 PROTEIN gene and the related<br>ERCC3. Nonphotosensitive trichothiodystrophy can be caused by<br>mutation in the TTDN1 gene.",""],["Trichothiodystrophy Syndromes",115,0.0,"D054463","C16.320.850.895",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neuroectodermal disorders<br>characterized by brittle sulfur-deficient hair associated with<br>impaired intellect, decreased fertility, and short stature. It<br>may include nail dystrophy, ICHTHYOSIS, and photosensitivity<br>correlated with a NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR defect. All<br>individuals with this disorder have a deficiency of cysteine-rich<br>KERATIN-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS found in the interfilamentous matrix.<br>Photosensitive trichothiodystrophy can be caused by mutation in<br>at least 2 separate genes: ERCC2 PROTEIN gene and the related<br>ERCC3. Nonphotosensitive trichothiodystrophy can be caused by<br>mutation in the TTDN1 gene.",""],["Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous",164,0.0,"D054514","C16.131.384.725",0,"Description: A developmental ocular anomaly in which the primary<br>VITREOUS BODY and its surrounding hyaloid vasculature failed to<br>regress. It is usually unilateral and characterized by CATARACT;<br>MICROPHTHALMOS (small eyeballs), and retrolenticular<br>fibrovascular tissue. (from Yanoff: Ophthalmology, 2nd ed.)",""],["Neuroacanthocytosis",254,0.0,"D054546","C16.320.400.550",0,"Description: An inherited autosomal disorder that is<br>characterized by neurodegeneration; orofacial and buccal<br>DYSKINESIAS; CHOREA; and thorny-looking red cells (ACANTHOCYTES).<br>This disorder is due to mutations of chorein which is important<br>in protein trafficking and is encoded by Vps13a on chromosome<br>9q21.",""],["Jacobsen Distal 11q Deletion Syndrome",93,0.0,"D054868","C16.131.260.440",0,"Description: A clinically recognized congenital malformation<br>condition caused by a distal 11q deletion. The features of the<br>syndrome are growth retardation, psychomotor retardation,<br>trigonocephaly, divergent intermittent strabismus, epicanthus,<br>telecanthus, broad nasal bridge, short nose with anteverted<br>nostrils, carp-shaped upper lip, retrognathia, low-set dysmorphic<br>ears, bilateral camptodactyly, and hammertoes. Platelet<br>dysfunction is a feature in Paris-Trousseau type<br>thrombocytopenia.",""],["Jacobsen Distal 11q Deletion Syndrome",93,0.0,"D054868","C16.320.180.440",0,"Description: A clinically recognized congenital malformation<br>condition caused by a distal 11q deletion. The features of the<br>syndrome are growth retardation, psychomotor retardation,<br>trigonocephaly, divergent intermittent strabismus, epicanthus,<br>telecanthus, broad nasal bridge, short nose with anteverted<br>nostrils, carp-shaped upper lip, retrognathia, low-set dysmorphic<br>ears, bilateral camptodactyly, and hammertoes. Platelet<br>dysfunction is a feature in Paris-Trousseau type<br>thrombocytopenia.",""],["Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome",189,0.0,"D054877","C16.131.077.944",0,"Description: A syndrome caused by large deletions of the<br>telomereic end of the short arm of CHROMOSOME 4 (4p) in Wolf-<br>Hirchhorn syndrome critial regions (WHSCRs). Several candidate<br>genes have been identified including WHSC1 and WHSCH2 which<br>appear to be responsible for the core phenotype and in<br>combination with other linked and unlinked genes determine the<br>severity and inclusion of rarer phenotypes. Most cases have a<br>characteristic cranio-facial defect often referred to as \"Greek<br>helmet face\" - a combined result of MICROCEPHALY, broad forehead,<br>prominent glabella, HYPERTELORISM, high arched eyebrows, short<br>philtrum and micrognathia. In addition there is mental<br>retardation, growth delays, EPILEPSY, and frequently a wide range<br>of midline and skeletal defects, including HYPOSPADIAS;<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; colobomata;<br>CLUBFOOT; clinodactyly; SCOLIOSIS; and KYPHOSIS.",""],["Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome",189,0.0,"D054877","C16.131.260.985",0,"Description: A syndrome caused by large deletions of the<br>telomereic end of the short arm of CHROMOSOME 4 (4p) in Wolf-<br>Hirchhorn syndrome critial regions (WHSCRs). Several candidate<br>genes have been identified including WHSC1 and WHSCH2 which<br>appear to be responsible for the core phenotype and in<br>combination with other linked and unlinked genes determine the<br>severity and inclusion of rarer phenotypes. Most cases have a<br>characteristic cranio-facial defect often referred to as \"Greek<br>helmet face\" - a combined result of MICROCEPHALY, broad forehead,<br>prominent glabella, HYPERTELORISM, high arched eyebrows, short<br>philtrum and micrognathia. In addition there is mental<br>retardation, growth delays, EPILEPSY, and frequently a wide range<br>of midline and skeletal defects, including HYPOSPADIAS;<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; colobomata;<br>CLUBFOOT; clinodactyly; SCOLIOSIS; and KYPHOSIS.",""],["Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome",189,0.0,"D054877","C16.320.180.985",0,"Description: A syndrome caused by large deletions of the<br>telomereic end of the short arm of CHROMOSOME 4 (4p) in Wolf-<br>Hirchhorn syndrome critial regions (WHSCRs). Several candidate<br>genes have been identified including WHSC1 and WHSCH2 which<br>appear to be responsible for the core phenotype and in<br>combination with other linked and unlinked genes determine the<br>severity and inclusion of rarer phenotypes. Most cases have a<br>characteristic cranio-facial defect often referred to as \"Greek<br>helmet face\" - a combined result of MICROCEPHALY, broad forehead,<br>prominent glabella, HYPERTELORISM, high arched eyebrows, short<br>philtrum and micrognathia. In addition there is mental<br>retardation, growth delays, EPILEPSY, and frequently a wide range<br>of midline and skeletal defects, including HYPOSPADIAS;<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; colobomata;<br>CLUBFOOT; clinodactyly; SCOLIOSIS; and KYPHOSIS.",""],["Pallister-Hall Syndrome",43,0.0,"D054975","C16.131.077.690",0,"Description: A pleiotropic disorder of human development that<br>comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and postaxial<br>POLYDACTYLY; bifid EPIGLOTTIS; ANAL ATRESIA; and renal and other<br>abnormalities. This disorder is associated with FRAMESHIFT<br>MUTATIONS in the GLI3 gene which encodes the GLI3 protein, a<br>KRUPPEL-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS family member.",""],["Campomelic Dysplasia",74,0.0,"D055036","C16.131.621.142",0,"Description: A congenital disorder of CHONDROGENESIS and<br>OSTEOGENESIS characterized by hypoplasia of endochondral bones.<br>In most cases there is a curvature of the long bones especially<br>the TIBIA with dimpling of the skin over the bowed areas,<br>malformation of the pelvis and spine, 11 pairs of ribs,<br>hypoplastic scapulae, club feet, micrognathia, CLEFT PALATE,<br>tracheobronchomalacia, and in some patients male-to-female sex<br>reversal (SEX REVERSAL, GONADAL). Most patients die in the<br>neonatal period of respiratory distress. Campomelic dysplasia is<br>associated with haploinsufficiency of the SOX9 TRANSCRIPTION<br>FACTOR gene.",""],["Tracheobronchomalacia",608,0.0,"D055089","C16.131.621.953",2,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the TRACHEA and the BRONCHI. This<br>results in a floppy non-rigid airway making patency difficult to<br>maintain.",""],["Laryngomalacia",329,0.0,"D055092","C16.131.621.568",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the LARYNX. This results in a<br>floppy laryngeal wall making patency difficult to maintain.",""],["Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked",247,0.0,"D055534","C16.320.322.076",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular<br>atrophy. It is due to a mutation of the gene encoding the<br>ANDROGEN RECEPTOR.",""],["Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked",247,0.0,"D055534","C16.320.400.100",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular<br>atrophy. It is due to a mutation of the gene encoding the<br>ANDROGEN RECEPTOR.",""],["Gray Platelet Syndrome",79,0.0,"D055652","C16.320.099.417",0,"Description: A rare, inherited platelet disorder characterized by<br>a selective deficiency in the number and contents of platelet<br>alpha-granules. It is associated with THROMBOCYTOPENIA, enlarged<br>platelets, and prolonged bleeding time.",""],["Loeys-Dietz Syndrome",390,0.0,"D055947","C16.131.077.537",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant aneurysm with multisystem<br>abnormalities caused by increased TGF-BETA signaling due to<br>mutations in type I or II of TGF-BETA RECEPTOR. Additional<br>craniofacial features include CLEFT PALATE; CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>HYPERTELORISM; or bifid uvula. Phenotypes closely resemble MARFAN<br>SYNDROME; Marfanoid craniosynostosis syndrome (Shprintzen-<br>Goldberg syndrome); and EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME.",""],["Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis",76,0.0,"D056266","C16.320.850.337",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant skin disease characterized by<br>transient and variable noninflammatory ERYTHEMA and<br>hyperkeratosis. It has been associated with mutations in the<br>genes that code for CONNEXINS. Erythrokeratodermia variabilis<br>inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion has also been<br>reported. Affected individuals often develop PALMOPLANTAR<br>KERATODERMA.",""],["Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes",527,0.0,"D056587","C16.320.382.500",0,"Description: A group of rare autosomal dominant diseases,<br>commonly characterized by atypical URTICARIA (hives) with<br>systemic symptoms that develop into end-organ damage. The<br>atypical hives do not involve T-cell or autoantibody. Cryopyrin-<br>associated periodic syndrome includes three previously distinct<br>disorders: Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome; Muckle-Wells<br>Syndrome; and CINCA Syndrome, that are now considered to<br>represent a disease continuum, all caused by NLRP3 PROTEIN<br>mutations.",""],["Costello Syndrome",170,0.0,"D056685","C16.131.077.256",0,"Description: Rare congenital disorder with multiple anomalies<br>including: characteristic dysmorphic craniofacial features,<br>musculoskeletal abnormalities, neurocognitive delay, and high<br>prevalence of cancer. Germline mutations in H-Ras protein can<br>cause Costello syndrome. Costello syndrome shows early phenotypic<br>overlap with other disorders that involve MAP KINASE SIGNALING<br>SYSTEM (e.g., NOONAN SYNDROME and cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome).",""],["Silver-Russell Syndrome",320,0.0,"D056730","C16.131.077.855",0,"Description: Genetically and clinically heterogeneous disorder<br>characterized by low birth weight, postnatal growth retardation,<br>facial dysmorphism, bilateral body asymmetry, and clinodactyly of<br>the fifth fingers. Alterations in GENETIC IMPRINTING are<br>involved. Hypomethylation of IGF2/H19 locus near an imprinting<br>center region of chromosome 11p15 plays a role in a subset of<br>Silver-Russell syndrome. Hypermethylation of the same chromosomal<br>region, on the other hand, can cause BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN SYNDROME.<br>Maternal UNIPARENTAL DISOMY for chromosome 7 is known to play a<br>role in its etiology.",""],["Silver-Russell Syndrome",320,0.0,"D056730","C16.131.260.870",0,"Description: Genetically and clinically heterogeneous disorder<br>characterized by low birth weight, postnatal growth retardation,<br>facial dysmorphism, bilateral body asymmetry, and clinodactyly of<br>the fifth fingers. Alterations in GENETIC IMPRINTING are<br>involved. Hypomethylation of IGF2/H19 locus near an imprinting<br>center region of chromosome 11p15 plays a role in a subset of<br>Silver-Russell syndrome. Hypermethylation of the same chromosomal<br>region, on the other hand, can cause BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN SYNDROME.<br>Maternal UNIPARENTAL DISOMY for chromosome 7 is known to play a<br>role in its etiology.",""],["Silver-Russell Syndrome",320,0.0,"D056730","C16.320.180.870",0,"Description: Genetically and clinically heterogeneous disorder<br>characterized by low birth weight, postnatal growth retardation,<br>facial dysmorphism, bilateral body asymmetry, and clinodactyly of<br>the fifth fingers. Alterations in GENETIC IMPRINTING are<br>involved. Hypomethylation of IGF2/H19 locus near an imprinting<br>center region of chromosome 11p15 plays a role in a subset of<br>Silver-Russell syndrome. Hypermethylation of the same chromosomal<br>region, on the other hand, can cause BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN SYNDROME.<br>Maternal UNIPARENTAL DISOMY for chromosome 7 is known to play a<br>role in its etiology.",""],["Silver-Russell Syndrome",320,0.0,"D056730","C16.320.240.937",0,"Description: Genetically and clinically heterogeneous disorder<br>characterized by low birth weight, postnatal growth retardation,<br>facial dysmorphism, bilateral body asymmetry, and clinodactyly of<br>the fifth fingers. Alterations in GENETIC IMPRINTING are<br>involved. Hypomethylation of IGF2/H19 locus near an imprinting<br>center region of chromosome 11p15 plays a role in a subset of<br>Silver-Russell syndrome. Hypermethylation of the same chromosomal<br>region, on the other hand, can cause BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN SYNDROME.<br>Maternal UNIPARENTAL DISOMY for chromosome 7 is known to play a<br>role in its etiology.",""],["Donohue Syndrome",72,0.0,"D056731","C16.131.077.313",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive syndrome of extreme insulin<br>resistance due to mutations in the binding domain of INSULIN<br>RECEPTOR. Clinical features include severe intrauterine and<br>postnatal growth restriction, characteristic dysmorphic FACIES;<br>HIRSUTISM; VIRILIZATION; multiple endocrine abnormalities, and<br>early death.",""],["Prolidase Deficiency",47,0.0,"D056732","C16.131.077.735",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of metabolism due<br>to mutations in the prolidase gene. It is characterized by<br>recurrent lower extremity skin ulcers, recurrent infections, and<br>FACIES, often with INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Prolidase Deficiency",47,0.0,"D056732","C16.131.831.720",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of metabolism due<br>to mutations in the prolidase gene. It is characterized by<br>recurrent lower extremity skin ulcers, recurrent infections, and<br>FACIES, often with INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Prolidase Deficiency",47,0.0,"D056732","C16.320.850.746",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of metabolism due<br>to mutations in the prolidase gene. It is characterized by<br>recurrent lower extremity skin ulcers, recurrent infections, and<br>FACIES, often with INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Carney Complex",252,0.0,"D056733","C16.131.077.229",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by cardiac<br>and cutaneous MYXOMAS; LENTIGINOSIS (spotty pigmentation of the<br>skin), and endocrinopathy and its associated endocrine tumors.<br>The cardiac myxomas may lead to SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH and other<br>complications in Carney complex patients. The gene coding for the<br>PRKAR1A protein is one of the causative genetic loci (type 1). A<br>second locus is at chromosome 2p16 (type 2).",""],["Carney Complex",252,0.0,"D056733","C16.131.831.108",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by cardiac<br>and cutaneous MYXOMAS; LENTIGINOSIS (spotty pigmentation of the<br>skin), and endocrinopathy and its associated endocrine tumors.<br>The cardiac myxomas may lead to SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH and other<br>complications in Carney complex patients. The gene coding for the<br>PRKAR1A protein is one of the causative genetic loci (type 1). A<br>second locus is at chromosome 2p16 (type 2).",""],["Monilethrix",56,0.0,"D056734","C16.131.077.592",0,"Description: Rare autosomal dominant disorder of the hair shaft.<br>The clinical features of the disease include HYPOTRICHOSIS, dry,<br>and/or brittle hair, with varying degrees of ALOPECIA. Mutations<br>in the hair-specific keratin genes KRTHB1, KRTHB3, or KRTHB6 are<br>associated with monilethrix. Autosomal recessive monilethrix with<br>limited HYPOTRICHOSIS are also known. Mutations in Dsg4, Liph,<br>and P2ry5 protein genes are associated with the recessive form of<br>monilethrix.",""],["Monilethrix",56,0.0,"D056734","C16.320.850.647",0,"Description: Rare autosomal dominant disorder of the hair shaft.<br>The clinical features of the disease include HYPOTRICHOSIS, dry,<br>and/or brittle hair, with varying degrees of ALOPECIA. Mutations<br>in the hair-specific keratin genes KRTHB1, KRTHB3, or KRTHB6 are<br>associated with monilethrix. Autosomal recessive monilethrix with<br>limited HYPOTRICHOSIS are also known. Mutations in Dsg4, Liph,<br>and P2ry5 protein genes are associated with the recessive form of<br>monilethrix.",""],["Alstrom Syndrome",148,0.0,"D056769","C16.320.184.063",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include<br>retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS<br>PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity,<br>sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development.<br>Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and<br>progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by<br>mutations in the ALMS1 gene.",""],["Netherton Syndrome",195,0.0,"D056770","C16.131.077.619",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease with variable<br>expressions. Clinical features of the disease include variable<br>ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA, CONGENITAL; bamboo hair<br>(trichorrhexis invaginata); and ATOPIC DERMATITIS. The disease is<br>caused by mutations in the SPINK5 gene.",""],["Netherton Syndrome",195,0.0,"D056770","C16.320.850.673",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease with variable<br>expressions. Clinical features of the disease include variable<br>ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA, CONGENITAL; bamboo hair<br>(trichorrhexis invaginata); and ATOPIC DERMATITIS. The disease is<br>caused by mutations in the SPINK5 gene.",""],["Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium",855,0.0,"D056830","C16.131.077.477",0,"Description: Rare congenital cardiomyopathies characterized by<br>the lack of left ventricular myocardium compaction. The<br>noncompaction results in numerous prominent trabeculations and a<br>loose myocardial meshwork (spongy myocardium) in the LEFT<br>VENTRICLE. Heterogeneous clinical features include diminished<br>systolic function sometimes associated with left ventricular<br>dilation, that presents either neonatally or progressively.<br>Often, the RIGHT VENTRICLE is also affected. CONGESTIVE HEART<br>FAILURE; PULMONARY EMBOLISM; and ventricular ARRHYTHMIA are<br>commonly seen.",""],["Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium",855,0.0,"D056830","C16.320.322.370",0,"Description: Rare congenital cardiomyopathies characterized by<br>the lack of left ventricular myocardium compaction. The<br>noncompaction results in numerous prominent trabeculations and a<br>loose myocardial meshwork (spongy myocardium) in the LEFT<br>VENTRICLE. Heterogeneous clinical features include diminished<br>systolic function sometimes associated with left ventricular<br>dilation, that presents either neonatally or progressively.<br>Often, the RIGHT VENTRICLE is also affected. CONGESTIVE HEART<br>FAILURE; PULMONARY EMBOLISM; and ventricular ARRHYTHMIA are<br>commonly seen.",""],["Weill-Marchesani Syndrome",45,0.0,"D056846","C16.131.077.941",0,"Description: Rare congenital disorder of connective tissue<br>characterized by brachydactyly, joint stiffness, childhood onset<br>of ocular abnormalities (e.g., microspherophakia, ECTOPIA LENTIS;<br>GLAUCOMA), and proportionate short stature. Cardiovascular<br>anomalies are occasionally seen.",""],["Weill-Marchesani Syndrome",45,0.0,"D056846","C16.320.290.842",0,"Description: Rare congenital disorder of connective tissue<br>characterized by brachydactyly, joint stiffness, childhood onset<br>of ocular abnormalities (e.g., microspherophakia, ECTOPIA LENTIS;<br>GLAUCOMA), and proportionate short stature. Cardiovascular<br>anomalies are occasionally seen.",""],["Barth Syndrome",182,0.0,"D056889","C16.131.077.121",0,"Description: Rare congenital X-linked disorder of lipid<br>metabolism. Barth syndrome is transmitted in an X-linked<br>recessive pattern. The syndrome is characterized by muscular<br>weakness, growth retardation, DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, variable<br>NEUTROPENIA, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (type II) and decreases<br>in mitochondrial CARDIOLIPIN level. Other biochemical and<br>morphological mitochondrial abnormalities also exist.",""],["Barth Syndrome",182,0.0,"D056889","C16.320.322.068",0,"Description: Rare congenital X-linked disorder of lipid<br>metabolism. Barth syndrome is transmitted in an X-linked<br>recessive pattern. The syndrome is characterized by muscular<br>weakness, growth retardation, DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, variable<br>NEUTROPENIA, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (type II) and decreases<br>in mitochondrial CARDIOLIPIN level. Other biochemical and<br>morphological mitochondrial abnormalities also exist.",""],["Liddle Syndrome",96,0.0,"D056929","C16.320.831.698",0,"Description: Familial pseudoaldosteronism characterized by<br>autosomal dominant inheritance of hypertension with HYPOKALEMIA;<br>ALKALOSIS; RENIN and ALDOSTERONE level decreases. It is caused by<br>mutations in EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS beta and gamma subunits.<br>Different mutations in the same EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS<br>subunits can cause PSEUDOHYPOALDOSTERONISM, TYPE I, AUTOSOMAL<br>DOMINANT.",""],["Hyalinosis, Systemic",89,0.0,"D057770","C16.320.850.368",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>HYALINE deposition in the skin, bone, gastrointestinal tract,<br>muscles and glands; multiple subcutaneous skin nodules; GINGIVAL<br>HYPERTROPHY; and joint CONTRACTURES. Mutations in the capillary<br>morphogenesis protein-2 are associated with the disorder.",""],["Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy",306,0.0,"D057826","C16.320.290.763",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant hereditary maculopathy with<br>childhood-onset accumulation of LIPOFUSION in RETINAL PIGMENT<br>EPITHELIUM. Affected individuals develop progressive central<br>acuity loss, and distorted vision (METAMORPHOPSIA). It is<br>associated with mutations in bestrophin, a chloride channel.",""],["Dent Disease",112,0.0,"D057973","C16.320.322.100",0,"Description: X-linked recessive NEPHROLITHIASIS characterized by<br>HYPERCALCIURIA; HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; NEPHROCALCINOSIS; and<br>PROTEINURIA. It is associated with mutations in the voltage-gated<br>chloride channel, CLC-5 (Dent Disease I). Another group of<br>mutations associated with this disease is in phosphatidylinositol<br>4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase gene.",""],["Dent Disease",112,0.0,"D057973","C16.320.831.271",0,"Description: X-linked recessive NEPHROLITHIASIS characterized by<br>HYPERCALCIURIA; HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; NEPHROCALCINOSIS; and<br>PROTEINURIA. It is associated with mutations in the voltage-gated<br>chloride channel, CLC-5 (Dent Disease I). Another group of<br>mutations associated with this disease is in phosphatidylinositol<br>4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase gene.",""],["Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome",394,0.0,"D058249","C16.320.700.212",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant neoplastic syndrome characterised<br>by genodermatosis, lung cysts, spontaneous and recurrent<br>PNEUMOTHORAX; and RENAL CANCER. It is associated with mutations<br>in the folliculin protein gene (FLCN protein).",""],["Walker-Warburg Syndrome",165,0.0,"D058494","C16.320.577.750",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive lissencephaly type 2<br>associated with congenital MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY and eye anomalies<br>(e.g., RETINAL DETACHMENT; CATARACT; MICROPHTHALMOS). It is often<br>associated with additional brain malformations such as<br>HYDROCEPHALY and cerebellar hypoplasia and is the most severe<br>form of the group of related syndromes (alpha-<br>dystroglycanopathies) with common congenital abnormalities in the<br>brain, eye and muscle development.",""],["Sotos Syndrome",146,0.0,"D058495","C16.131.077.889",0,"Description: Congenital or postnatal overgrowth syndrome most<br>often in height and occipitofrontal circumference with variable<br>delayed motor and cognitive development. Other associated<br>features include advanced bone age, seizures, NEONATAL JAUNDICE;<br>HYPOTONIA; and SCOLIOSIS. It is also associated with increased<br>risk of developing neoplasms in adulthood. Mutations in the NSD1<br>protein and its HAPLOINSUFFICIENCY are associated with the<br>syndrome.",""],["Sotos Syndrome",146,0.0,"D058495","C16.131.260.905",0,"Description: Congenital or postnatal overgrowth syndrome most<br>often in height and occipitofrontal circumference with variable<br>delayed motor and cognitive development. Other associated<br>features include advanced bone age, seizures, NEONATAL JAUNDICE;<br>HYPOTONIA; and SCOLIOSIS. It is also associated with increased<br>risk of developing neoplasms in adulthood. Mutations in the NSD1<br>protein and its HAPLOINSUFFICIENCY are associated with the<br>syndrome.",""],["Sotos Syndrome",146,0.0,"D058495","C16.320.180.905",0,"Description: Congenital or postnatal overgrowth syndrome most<br>often in height and occipitofrontal circumference with variable<br>delayed motor and cognitive development. Other associated<br>features include advanced bone age, seizures, NEONATAL JAUNDICE;<br>HYPOTONIA; and SCOLIOSIS. It is also associated with increased<br>risk of developing neoplasms in adulthood. Mutations in the NSD1<br>protein and its HAPLOINSUFFICIENCY are associated with the<br>syndrome.",""],["Smith-Magenis Syndrome",197,0.0,"D058496","C16.131.077.879",0,"Description: Complex neurobehavioral disorder characterized by<br>distinctive facial features (FACIES), developmental delay and<br>INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Behavioral phenotypes include sleep<br>disturbance, maladaptive, self-injurious and attention-seeking<br>behaviors. The sleep disturbance is linked to an abnormal<br>circadian secretion pattern of MELATONIN. The syndrome is<br>associated with de novo deletion or mutation and<br>HAPLOINSUFFICIENCY of the retinoic acid-induced 1 protein on<br>chromosome 17p11.2.",""],["Smith-Magenis Syndrome",197,0.0,"D058496","C16.131.260.887",0,"Description: Complex neurobehavioral disorder characterized by<br>distinctive facial features (FACIES), developmental delay and<br>INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Behavioral phenotypes include sleep<br>disturbance, maladaptive, self-injurious and attention-seeking<br>behaviors. The sleep disturbance is linked to an abnormal<br>circadian secretion pattern of MELATONIN. The syndrome is<br>associated with de novo deletion or mutation and<br>HAPLOINSUFFICIENCY of the retinoic acid-induced 1 protein on<br>chromosome 17p11.2.",""],["Smith-Magenis Syndrome",197,0.0,"D058496","C16.320.180.887",0,"Description: Complex neurobehavioral disorder characterized by<br>distinctive facial features (FACIES), developmental delay and<br>INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Behavioral phenotypes include sleep<br>disturbance, maladaptive, self-injurious and attention-seeking<br>behaviors. The sleep disturbance is linked to an abnormal<br>circadian secretion pattern of MELATONIN. The syndrome is<br>associated with de novo deletion or mutation and<br>HAPLOINSUFFICIENCY of the retinoic acid-induced 1 protein on<br>chromosome 17p11.2.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C16.131.077.371",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C16.131.384.442",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["Fraser Syndrome",56,0.0,"D058497","C16.131.939.410",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive congenital malformation<br>syndrome characterized by cryptophthalmos, SYNDACTYLY and<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Other anomalies of bone, ear, lung, and<br>nose are common. Mutations on FRAS1 and FREM2 are associated with<br>the syndrome.",""],["Pentalogy of Cantrell",117,0.0,"D058502","C16.131.077.696",0,"Description: Rare congenital deformity syndrome characterized by<br>a combination of five anomalies as a result of neural tube<br>defect. The five anomalies are a midline supraumbilical abdominal<br>wall defect (e.g., OMPHALOCELE), a lower STERNUM defect, a<br>congenital intracardiac defect, an anterior DIAPHRAGM defect, and<br>a diaphragmatic PERICARDIUM defect (e.g., PERICARDIAL EFFUSION).<br>Variants with incomplete and variable combinations of the defects<br>are known. ECTOPIA CORDIS; CLEFT LIP; and CLEFT PALATE are often<br>associated with the syndrome.",""],["Pyelectasis",29,0.0,"D058536","C16.131.939.831",0,"Description: Dilation of fetal KIDNEY PELVIS. It is a common<br>PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY finding with no significant long-term<br>sequelae.",""],["Aicardi Syndrome",101,0.0,"D058540","C16.320.290.019",0,"Description: A rare genetic disorder characterized by partial or<br>complete absence of the CORPUS CALLOSUM, resulting in infantile<br>spasms, MENTAL RETARDATION, and lesions of the RETINA or OPTIC<br>NERVE.",""],["Aicardi Syndrome",101,0.0,"D058540","C16.320.322.030",0,"Description: A rare genetic disorder characterized by partial or<br>complete absence of the CORPUS CALLOSUM, resulting in infantile<br>spasms, MENTAL RETARDATION, and lesions of the RETINA or OPTIC<br>NERVE.",""],["CHARGE Syndrome",335,0.0,"D058747","C16.131.077.239",0,"Description: Rare disease characterized by COLOBOMA; CHOANAL<br>ATRESIA; and abnormal SEMICIRCULAR CANALS. Mutations in CHD7<br>protein resulting in disturbed neural crest development are<br>associated with CHARGE Syndrome.",""],["Heterotaxy Syndrome",559,0.0,"D059446","C16.131.077.401",0,"Description: Abnormal thoracoabdominal VISCERA arrangement<br>(visceral heterotaxy) or malformation that involves additional<br>CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., heart isomerism; DEXTROCARDIA)<br>and/or abnormal SPLEEN (e.g., asplenia and polysplenia).<br>Irregularities with the central nervous system, the skeleton and<br>urinary tract are often associated with the syndrome.",""],["Laryngocele",163,0.0,"D059608","C16.131.740.650",0,"Description: Congenital anomalous dilitation of the laryngeal<br>saccule that may extend internally into the airway or externally<br>through the thyrohyoid membrane.",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C16.320.700.517",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Retrocaval Ureter",129,0.0,"D064749","C16.131.939.915",0,"Description: A rare congenital abnormality resulting in the<br>URETER passing dorsal to and being obstructed by the INFERIOR<br>VENA CAVA.",""],["Pectus Carinatum",138,0.0,"D066166","C16.131.621.745",0,"Description: A developmental anomaly characterized by abnormal<br>anterior protrusion of the STERNUM and adjacent COSTAL CARTILAGE.",""],["Metabolism, Inborn Errors",246678,2.8,"D008661","C16.320.565",253,"Description: Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn<br>genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero.",""],["Abnormalities, Drug-Induced",9723,0.1,"D000014","C16.131.042",0,"Description: Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal<br>substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or<br>to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of<br>such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting<br>from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.",""],["Abnormalities, Multiple",109447,1.2,"D000015","C16.131.077",76,"Description: Congenital abnormalities that affect more than one<br>organ or body structure.",""],["Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced",534,0.0,"D000016","C16.131.080",0,"Description: Congenital changes in the morphology of organs<br>produced by exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.",""],["Urogenital Abnormalities",65347,0.7,"D014564","C16.131.939",39,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the<br>UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.",""],["Musculoskeletal Abnormalities",117068,1.3,"D009139","C16.131.621",79,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities and deformities<br>of the musculoskeletal system.",""],["Digestive System Abnormalities",23976,0.3,"D004065","C16.131.314",11,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the DIGESTIVE<br>SYSTEM.",""],["Familial Multiple Lipomatosis",6,0.0,"D000071070","C16.320.298",0,"Description: A rare autosomal disorder characterized by numerous<br>encapsulated lipomas on the trunk and extremities. The lipomas<br>are usually not painful but can cause pain when growing. In rare<br>cases, one lipoma can become painful and progress to multiple<br>painful lipomas; it is then referred to as Dercum's Disease Type<br>III",""],["Neonatal Sepsis",1264,0.0,"D000071074","C16.614.627",0,"Description: Blood infection that occurs in an infant younger<br>than 90 days old. Early-onset sepsis is seen in the first week of<br>life and most often appears within 24 hours of birth. Late-onset<br>occurs after 1 week and before 3 months of age.",""],["Eye Diseases, Hereditary",25829,0.3,"D015785","C16.320.290",29,"Description: Transmission of gene defects or chromosomal<br>aberrations/abnormalities which are expressed in extreme<br>variation in the structure or function of the eye. These may be<br>evident at birth, but may be manifested later with progression of<br>the disorder.",""],["Ciliopathies",15827,0.2,"D000072661","C16.320.184",9,"Description: Genetic disorders caused by defects in genes related<br>to the primary CILIUM; BASAL BODY; or CENTROSOME. Primary<br>features may include obesity, SKELETAL DYSPLASIA; POLYDACTYLY and<br>malformations that primarily involve the liver, eye or kidneys.",""],["Cardiovascular Abnormalities",226005,2.5,"D018376","C16.131.240",72,"Description: Congenital, inherited, or acquired anomalies of the<br>CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, including the HEART and BLOOD VESSELS.",""],["Chromosome Disorders",60524,0.7,"D025063","C16.131.260",27,"Description: Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal chromosome<br>constitution in which there is extra or missing chromosome<br>material (either a whole chromosome or a chromosome segment).<br>(from Thompson et al., Genetics in Medicine, 5th ed, p429)",""],["Chromosome Disorders",60524,0.7,"D025063","C16.320.180",27,"Description: Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal chromosome<br>constitution in which there is extra or missing chromosome<br>material (either a whole chromosome or a chromosome segment).<br>(from Thompson et al., Genetics in Medicine, 5th ed, p429)",""],["Birth Injuries",4186,0.0,"D001720","C16.614.131",2,"Description: Mechanical or anoxic trauma incurred by the infant<br>during labor or delivery.",""],["GATA2 Deficiency",96,0.0,"D000077428","C16.320.314",0,"Description: A rare disorder of the immune system with wide-<br>ranging effects which include GATA2 Transcription Factor<br>dysfunction, immunodeficiency, myelodysplastic syndrome<br>(ineffective blood cell production), lung disease, and problems<br>of the vascular and lymphatic system.",""],["Nervous System Malformations",78188,0.9,"D009421","C16.131.666",54,"Description: Structural abnormalities of the central or<br>peripheral nervous system resulting primarily from defects of<br>embryogenesis.",""],["Eye Abnormalities",11885,0.1,"D005124","C16.131.384",12,"Description: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of<br>the eye; may also be hereditary.",""],["Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes",122,0.0,"D000080984","C16.614.183",0,"Description: Inherited syndromes characterized by deficiency or<br>absence of various blood cells due to mutations that affect<br>HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS development and proliferation.",""],["Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases",12899,0.1,"D000081207","C16.320.798",12,"Description: Genetic immunologic deficiency diseases and<br>syndromes due to mutations in genes involved in IMMUNITY<br>generally characterized by an increased susceptibility to<br>infectious diseases. They are often associated with AUTOIMMUNE<br>DISEASE manifestations.",""],["Laminopathies",16491,0.2,"D000083083","C16.320.488",3,"Description: Congenital neuromuscular and muscular dystrophy<br>diseases associated with mutations in the LAMIN TYPE A (Lamin A/C<br>or LMNA gene). It includes CARDIOMYOPATHY, DILATED, 1A; CHARCOT-<br>MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE, type 2B1; EMERY-DREIFUSS MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY,<br>types 2 and 3; HUTCHINSON-GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME;<br>LIPODYSTROPHY, FAMILIAL PARTIAL, TYPE 2; Malouf syndrome;<br>Mandibuloacral dysplasia; LMNA-related muscular dystrophy;<br>Restrictive dermopathy, lethal; Heart-hand syndrome, Slovenian<br>type.",""],["Genetic Diseases, X-Linked",45423,0.5,"D040181","C16.320.322",35,"Description: Genetic diseases that are linked to gene mutations<br>on the X CHROMOSOME in humans (X CHROMOSOME, HUMAN) or the X<br>CHROMOSOME in other species. Included here are animal models of<br>human X-linked diseases.",""],["Muscular Dystrophies",28584,0.3,"D009136","C16.320.577",11,"Description: A heterogeneous group of inherited MYOPATHIES,<br>characterized by wasting and weakness of the SKELETAL MUSCLE.<br>They are categorized by the sites of MUSCLE WEAKNESS; AGE OF<br>ONSET; and INHERITANCE PATTERNS.",""],["Skin Abnormalities",32293,0.4,"D012868","C16.131.831",35,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the skin.",""],["Skin Diseases, Genetic",61035,0.7,"D012873","C16.320.850",56,"Description: Diseases of the skin with a genetic component,<br>usually the result of various inborn errors of metabolism.",""],["Dwarfism",12626,0.1,"D004392","C16.320.240",7,"Description: A genetic or pathological condition that is<br>characterized by short stature and undersize. Abnormal skeletal<br>growth usually results in an adult who is significantly below the<br>average height.",""],["Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors",10229,0.1,"D015499","C16.320.831",13,"Description: Genetic defects in the selective or non-selective<br>transport functions of the KIDNEY TUBULES.",""],["Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital",6855,0.1,"D000312","C16.320.033",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL<br>GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol<br>(HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of<br>precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance,<br>congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting,<br>hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID<br>21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-<br>HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase<br>(3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-<br>REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among<br>others, underlie these disorders.",""],["Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System",96609,1.1,"D020271","C16.320.400",50,"Description: Inherited disorders characterized by progressive<br>atrophy and dysfunction of anatomically or physiologically<br>related neurologic systems.",""],["Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited",42766,0.5,"D025861","C16.320.099",22,"Description: Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a<br>consequence of inherited abnormalities in blood coagulation.",""],["Stomatognathic System Abnormalities",75701,0.9,"D018640","C16.131.850",26,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the mouth and<br>jaws, including the dentition.",""],["Amniotic Band Syndrome",619,0.0,"D000652","C16.614.042",0,"Description: A disorder present in the newborn infant in which<br>constriction rings or bands, causing soft tissue depressions,<br>encircle digits, extremities, or limbs and sometimes the neck,<br>thorax, or abdomen. They may be associated with intrauterine<br>amputations.",""],["Pain Insensitivity, Congenital",423,0.0,"D000699","C16.320.775",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by indifference to PAIN<br>despite the ability to distinguish noxious from non-noxious<br>stimuli. Absent corneal reflexes and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may<br>be associated. Familial forms with autosomal recessive and<br>autosomal dominant patterns of inheritance have been described.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)",""],["Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital",56380,0.6,"D000745","C16.320.070",15,"Description: Hemolytic anemia due to various intrinsic defects of<br>the erythrocyte.",""],["Anemia, Neonatal",3627,0.0,"D000751","C16.614.053",2,"Description: The mildest form of erythroblastosis fetalis in<br>which anemia is the chief manifestation.",""],["Hemoglobinopathies",51514,0.6,"D006453","C16.320.365",10,"Description: A group of inherited disorders characterized by<br>structural alterations within the hemoglobin molecule.",""],["Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid",5406,0.1,"D009008","C16.131.085",2,"Description: Marked developmental anomalies of a fetus or infant.",""],["Asphyxia Neonatorum",5916,0.1,"D001238","C16.614.092",0,"Description: Respiratory failure in the newborn. (Dorland, 27th<br>ed)",""],["Ataxia Telangiectasia",2573,0.0,"D001260","C16.320.080",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder<br>characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood,<br>progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and<br>SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and<br>RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are<br>prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections,<br>lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-<br>FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes<br>a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to<br>chromosome 11 (11q22-q23).",""],["Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary",53161,0.6,"D009386","C16.320.700",24,"Description: The condition of a pattern of malignancies within a<br>family, but not every individual's necessarily having the same<br>neoplasm. Characteristically the tumor tends to occur at an<br>earlier than average age, individuals may have more than one<br>primary tumor, the tumors may be multicentric, usually more than<br>25 percent of the individuals in direct lineal descent from the<br>proband are affected, and the cancer predisposition in these<br>families behaves as an autosomal dominant trait with about 60<br>percent penetrance.",""],["Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases",16056,0.2,"D056660","C16.320.382",4,"Description: Hereditary inflammation conditions, characterized by<br>recurrent episodes of systemic inflammation. Common symptoms<br>include recurrent fever, rash, arthritis, fatigue, and secondary<br>AMYLOIDOSIS. Hereditary autoinflammatory diseases are associated<br>with mutations in genes involved in regulation of normal<br>inflammatory process and are not caused by AUTOANTIBODIES, or<br>antigen specific T-LYMPHOCYTES.",""],["Respiratory System Abnormalities",12066,0.1,"D015619","C16.131.740",9,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the<br>respiratory system.",""],["Infant, Premature, Diseases",41562,0.5,"D007235","C16.614.521",6,"Description: Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS.",""],["Cherubism",444,0.0,"D002636","C16.320.170",0,"Description: A fibro-osseous hereditary disease of the jaws. The<br>swollen jaws and raised eyes give a cherubic appearance; multiple<br>radiolucencies are evident upon radiographic examination.",""],["Chorioamnionitis",2266,0.0,"D002821","C16.300.030",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the placental membranes (CHORION;<br>AMNION) and connected tissues such as fetal BLOOD VESSELS and<br>UMBILICAL CORD. It is often associated with intrauterine<br>ascending infections during PREGNANCY.",""],["Colic",3444,0.0,"D003085","C16.614.166",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome with intermittent abdominal pain<br>characterized by sudden onset and cessation that is commonly seen<br>in infants. It is usually associated with obstruction of the<br>INTESTINES; of the CYSTIC DUCT; or of the URINARY TRACT.",""],["Cystic Fibrosis",37072,0.4,"D003550","C16.320.190",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the<br>EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding<br>the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed<br>in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY<br>SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by<br>epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal<br>obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY<br>INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt<br>depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.",""],["Cystic Fibrosis",37072,0.4,"D003550","C16.614.213",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the<br>EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding<br>the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed<br>in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY<br>SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by<br>epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal<br>obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY<br>INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt<br>depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.",""],["Situs Inversus",4902,0.1,"D012857","C16.131.810",3,"Description: A congenital abnormality in which organs in the<br>THORAX and the ABDOMEN are opposite to their normal positions<br>(situs solitus) due to lateral transposition. Normally the<br>STOMACH and SPLEEN are on the left, LIVER on the right, the<br>three-lobed right lung is on the right, and the two-lobed left<br>lung on the left. Situs inversus has a familial pattern and has<br>been associated with a number of genes related to microtubule-<br>associated proteins.",""],["Camurati-Engelmann Syndrome",342,0.0,"D003966","C16.320.144",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of dysplasia that is<br>characterized by progressive thickening of diaphyseal cortex of<br>long bones. Mutations in the gene that encodes TRANSFORMING<br>GROWTH FACTOR BETA1 are one cause of this disorder.",""],["Lymphatic Abnormalities",3771,0.0,"D044148","C16.131.482",3,"Description: Congenital or acquired structural abnormalities of<br>the lymphatic system (LYMPHOID TISSUE) including the lymph<br>vessels.",""],["Erythroblastosis, Fetal",9063,0.1,"D004899","C16.300.060",1,"Description: A condition characterized by the abnormal presence<br>of ERYTHROBLASTS in the circulation of the FETUS or NEWBORNS. It<br>is a disorder due to BLOOD GROUP INCOMPATIBILITY, such as the<br>maternal alloimmunization by fetal antigen RH FACTORS leading to<br>HEMOLYSIS of ERYTHROCYTES, hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC),<br>general edema (HYDROPS FETALIS), and SEVERE JAUNDICE IN NEWBORN.",""],["Erythroblastosis, Fetal",8275,0.1,"D004899","C16.614.304",1,"Description: A condition characterized by the abnormal presence<br>of ERYTHROBLASTS in the circulation of the FETUS or NEWBORNS. It<br>is a disorder due to BLOOD GROUP INCOMPATIBILITY, such as the<br>maternal alloimmunization by fetal antigen RH FACTORS leading to<br>HEMOLYSIS of ERYTHROCYTES, hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC),<br>general edema (HYDROPS FETALIS), and SEVERE JAUNDICE IN NEWBORN.",""],["Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital",3563,0.0,"D029502","C16.320.077",2,"Description: An inborn condition characterized by deficiencies of<br>red cell precursors that sometimes also includes LEUKOPENIA and<br>THROMBOCYTOPENIA.",""],["Fetal Hypoxia",2196,0.0,"D005311","C16.300.420",0,"Description: Deficient oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD.",""],["Fetal Growth Retardation",12141,0.1,"D005317","C16.300.390",0,"Description: Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.",""],["Fetal Macrosomia",1872,0.0,"D005320","C16.300.570",0,"Description: A condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-<br>for-gestational-age FETUS. It is defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater<br>than 4,000 grams or above the 90th percentile for population and<br>sex-specific growth curves. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL<br>DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by<br>pre-existing diabetes mellitus.",""],["Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding",604,0.0,"D006475","C16.614.940",0,"Description: Hemorrhage caused by vitamin K deficiency.",""],["Hernia, Umbilical",3236,0.0,"D006554","C16.614.378",0,"Description: A HERNIA due to an imperfect closure or weakness of<br>the umbilical ring. It appears as a skin-covered protrusion at<br>the UMBILICUS during crying, coughing, or straining. The hernia<br>generally consists of OMENTUM or SMALL INTESTINE. The vast<br>majority of umbilical hernias are congenital but can be acquired<br>due to severe abdominal distention.",""],["Hydrophthalmos",590,0.0,"D006871","C16.614.438",0,"Description: Congenital open-angle glaucoma that results from<br>dysgenesis of the angle structures accompanied by increased<br>intraocular pressure and enlargement of the eye. Treatment is<br>both medical and surgical.",""],["Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital",653,0.0,"D006958","C16.614.465",0,"Description: A disease of young infants characterized by soft<br>tissue swellings over the affected bones, fever, and<br>irritability, and marked by periods of remission and<br>exacerbation. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Ichthyosis",5577,0.1,"D007057","C16.614.492",7,"Description: Any of several generalized skin disorders<br>characterized by dryness, roughness, and scaliness, due to<br>hypertrophy of the stratum corneum epidermis. Most are genetic,<br>but some are acquired, developing in association with other<br>systemic disease or genetic syndrome.",""],["Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal",6373,0.1,"D051556","C16.614.451",2,"Description: Accumulation of BILIRUBIN, a breakdown product of<br>HEME PROTEINS, in the BLOOD during the first weeks of life. This<br>may lead to NEONATAL JAUNDICE. The excess bilirubin may exist in<br>the unconjugated (indirect) or the conjugated (direct) form. The<br>condition may be self-limiting (PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE)<br>or pathological with toxic levels of bilirubin.",""],["Kartagener Syndrome",1435,0.0,"D007619","C16.320.480",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a<br>triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome<br>is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins<br>which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory<br>and the reproductive tracts.",""],["Marfan Syndrome",5579,0.1,"D008382","C16.320.540",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE<br>with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton.<br>Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE,<br>dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features<br>include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long<br>limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome<br>(type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding<br>FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils<br>of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II<br>TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome<br>type 2.",""],["Meconium Aspiration Syndrome",893,0.0,"D008471","C16.300.580",0,"Description: A condition caused by inhalation of MECONIUM into<br>the LUNG of FETUS or NEWBORN, usually due to vigorous respiratory<br>movements during difficult PARTURITION or respiratory system<br>abnormalities. Meconium aspirate may block small airways leading<br>to difficulties in PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE and ASPIRATION<br>PNEUMONIA.",""],["Meconium Aspiration Syndrome",893,0.0,"D008471","C16.614.580",0,"Description: A condition caused by inhalation of MECONIUM into<br>the LUNG of FETUS or NEWBORN, usually due to vigorous respiratory<br>movements during difficult PARTURITION or respiratory system<br>abnormalities. Meconium aspirate may block small airways leading<br>to difficulties in PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE and ASPIRATION<br>PNEUMONIA.",""],["Nail-Patella Syndrome",485,0.0,"D009261","C16.320.600",0,"Description: A syndrome of multiple abnormalities characterized<br>by the absence or hypoplasia of the PATELLA and congenital nail<br>dystrophy. It is a genetically determined autosomal dominant<br>trait.",""],["Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome",1553,0.0,"D009357","C16.614.610",0,"Description: Fetal and neonatal addiction and withdrawal as a<br>result of the mother's dependence on drugs during pregnancy.<br>Withdrawal or abstinence symptoms develop shortly after birth.<br>Symptoms exhibited are loud, high-pitched crying, sweating,<br>yawning and gastrointestinal disturbances.",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C16.320.709",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Ophthalmia Neonatorum",573,0.0,"D009878","C16.614.677",0,"Description: Acute conjunctival inflammation in the newborn,<br>usually caused by maternal gonococcal infection. The causative<br>agent is NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE. The baby's eyes are contaminated<br>during passage through the birth canal.",""],["Orofaciodigital Syndromes",428,0.0,"D009958","C16.320.714",0,"Description: Two syndromes of oral, facial, and digital<br>malformations. Type I (Papillon-Leage and Psaume syndrome,<br>Gorlin-Psaume syndrome) is inherited as an X-linked dominant<br>trait and is found only in females and XXY males. Type II (Mohr<br>syndrome) is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["Osteoarthropathy, Primary Hypertrophic",709,0.0,"D010004","C16.320.718",0,"Description: A condition chiefly characterized by thickening of<br>the skin of the head and distal extremities, deep folds and<br>furrows of the skin of the forehead, cheeks, and scalp,<br>SEBORRHEA; HYPERHIDROSIS; periostosis of the long bones, digital<br>clubbing, and spadelike enlargement of the hands and feet. It is<br>more prevalent in the male, and is usually first evident during<br>adolescence. Inheritance is primarily autosomal recessive, but an<br>autosomal dominant form exists.",""],["Osteochondrodysplasias",5355,0.1,"D010009","C16.320.728",0,"Description: Abnormal development of cartilage and bone.",""],["Osteogenesis Imperfecta",4926,0.1,"D010013","C16.320.737",0,"Description: COLLAGEN DISEASES characterized by brittle,<br>osteoporotic, and easily fractured bones. It may also present<br>with blue sclerae, loose joints, and imperfect dentin formation.<br>Most types are autosomal dominant and are associated with<br>mutations in COLLAGEN TYPE I.",""],["Pelger-Huet Anomaly",344,0.0,"D010381","C16.320.784",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant anomaly characterized by abnormal<br>ovoid shape GRANULOCYTE nuclei and their clumping chromatin.<br>Mutations in the LAMIN B receptor gene that results in reduced<br>protein levels are associated with the disorder. Heterozygote<br>individuals are healthy with normal granulocyte function while<br>homozygote individuals occasionally have skeletal anomalies,<br>developmental delay, and seizures.",""],["Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome",1066,0.0,"D010547","C16.614.694",0,"Description: A syndrome of persistent PULMONARY HYPERTENSION in<br>the newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN) without demonstrable HEART<br>DISEASES. This neonatal condition can be caused by severe<br>pulmonary vasoconstriction (reactive type), hypertrophy of<br>pulmonary arterial muscle (hypertrophic type), or abnormally<br>developed pulmonary arterioles (hypoplastic type). The newborn<br>patient exhibits CYANOSIS and ACIDOSIS due to the persistence of<br>fetal circulatory pattern of right-to-left shunting of blood<br>through a patent ductus arteriosus (DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS, PATENT)<br>and at times a patent foramen ovale (FORAMEN OVALE, PATENT).",""],["Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome",512,0.0,"D011038","C16.614.760",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive syndrome occurring<br>principally in females, characterized by the presence of<br>reticulated, atrophic, hyperpigmented, telangiectatic cutaneous<br>plaques, often accompanied by juvenile cataracts, saddle nose,<br>congenital bone defects, disturbances in the growth of HAIR;<br>NAILS; and TEETH; and HYPOGONADISM.",""],["Sclerema Neonatorum",140,0.0,"D012593","C16.614.810",0,"Description: A severe, sometimes fatal, disorder of adipose<br>tissue occurring chiefly in preterm or debilitated infants<br>suffering from an underlying illness and manifested by a diffuse,<br>nonpitting induration of the affected tissue. The skin becomes<br>cold, yellowish, mottled, and inflexible.",""],["Syphilis, Congenital",2615,0.0,"D013590","C16.614.868",0,"Description: Syphilis acquired in utero and manifested by any of<br>several characteristic tooth (Hutchinson's teeth) or bone<br>malformations and by active mucocutaneous syphilis at birth or<br>shortly thereafter. Ocular and neurologic changes may also occur.",""],["Thanatophoric Dysplasia",309,0.0,"D013796","C16.614.890",0,"Description: A severe form of neonatal dwarfism with very short<br>limbs. All cases have died at birth or later in the neonatal<br>period.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Congenital",2330,0.0,"D014125","C16.614.909",0,"Description: Prenatal protozoal infection with TOXOPLASMA gondii<br>which is associated with injury to the developing fetal nervous<br>system. The severity of this condition is related to the stage of<br>pregnancy during which the infection occurs; first trimester<br>infections are associated with a greater degree of neurologic<br>dysfunction. Clinical features include HYDROCEPHALUS;<br>MICROCEPHALY; deafness; cerebral calcifications; SEIZURES; and<br>psychomotor retardation. Signs of a systemic infection may also<br>be present at birth, including fever, rash, and<br>hepatosplenomegaly. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p735)",""],["Werner Syndrome",1214,0.0,"D014898","C16.320.925",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder that causes<br>premature aging in adults, characterized by sclerodermal skin<br>changes, cataracts, subcutaneous calcification, muscular atrophy,<br>a tendency to diabetes mellitus, aged appearance of the face,<br>baldness, and a high incidence of neoplastic disease.",""],["Wolman Disease",298,0.0,"D015223","C16.614.947",0,"Description: The severe infantile form of inherited lysosomal<br>lipid storage diseases due to deficiency of acid lipase (STEROL<br>ESTERASE). It is characterized by the accumulation of neutral<br>lipids, particularly CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes,<br>fibroblasts, and hepatocytes. It is also known as Wolman's<br>xanthomatosis and is an allelic variant of CHOLESTEROL ESTER<br>STORAGE DISEASE.",""],["Severe Combined Immunodeficiency",4043,0.0,"D016511","C16.614.815",1,"Description: Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by<br>impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity,<br>leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. It is inherited as<br>an X-linked or autosomal recessive defect. Mutations occurring in<br>many different genes cause human Severe Combined Immunodeficiency<br>(SCID).",""],["Alagille Syndrome",663,0.0,"D016738","C16.320.051",0,"Description: A multisystem disorder that is characterized by<br>aplasia of intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC),<br>and malformations in the cardiovascular system, the eyes, the<br>vertebral column, and the facies. Major clinical features include<br>JAUNDICE, and congenital heart disease with peripheral PULMONARY<br>STENOSIS. Alagille syndrome may result from heterogeneous gene<br>mutations, including mutations in JAG1 on CHROMOSOME 20 (Type 1)<br>and NOTCH2 on CHROMOSOME 1 (Type 2).",""],["Kallmann Syndrome",579,0.0,"D017436","C16.320.467",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by<br>hypothalamic GNRH deficiency and OLFACTORY NERVE defects. It is<br>characterized by congenital HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM and<br>ANOSMIA, possibly with additional midline defects. It can be<br>transmitted as an X-linked (GENETIC DISEASES, X-LINKED), an<br>autosomal dominant, or an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency",3182,0.0,"D019896","C16.320.060",0,"Description: Deficiency of the protease inhibitor ALPHA<br>1-ANTITRYPSIN that manifests primarily as PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA and<br>LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital",766,0.0,"D020294","C16.320.590",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by<br>a congenital defect in neuromuscular transmission at the<br>NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. This includes presynaptic, synaptic, and<br>postsynaptic disorders (that are not of autoimmune origin). The<br>majority of these diseases are caused by mutations of various<br>subunits of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (RECEPTORS,<br>NICOTINIC) on the postsynaptic surface of the junction. (From<br>Arch Neurol 1999 Feb;56(2):163-7)",""],["Mobius Syndrome",370,0.0,"D020331","C16.614.595",0,"Description: A syndrome of congenital facial paralysis,<br>frequently associated with abducens palsy and other congenital<br>abnormalities including lingual palsy, clubfeet, brachial<br>disorders, cognitive deficits, and pectoral muscle defects.<br>Pathologic findings are variable and include brain stem nuclear<br>aplasia, facial nerve aplasia, and facial muscle aplasia,<br>consistent with a multifactorial etiology. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1020)",""],["Nystagmus, Congenital",496,0.0,"D020417","C16.614.643",0,"Description: Nystagmus present at birth or caused by lesions<br>sustained in utero or at the time of birth. It is usually<br>pendular, and is associated with ALBINISM and conditions<br>characterized by early loss of central vision. Inheritance<br>patterns may be X-linked, autosomal dominant, or recessive.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p275)",""],["Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal",344,0.0,"D020936","C16.614.258",0,"Description: A condition marked by recurrent seizures that occur<br>during the first 4-6 weeks of life despite an otherwise benign<br>neonatal course. Autosomal dominant familial and sporadic forms<br>have been identified. Seizures generally consist of brief<br>episodes of tonic posturing and other movements, apnea, eye<br>deviations, and blood pressure fluctuations. These tend to remit<br>after the 6th week of life. The risk of developing epilepsy at an<br>older age is moderately increased in the familial form of this<br>disorder. (Neurologia 1996 Feb;11(2):51-5)",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, Familial",706,0.0,"D024741","C16.320.160",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant inherited form of HYPERTROPHIC<br>CARDIOMYOPATHY. It results from any of more than 50 mutations<br>involving genes encoding contractile proteins such as VENTRICULAR<br>MYOSINS; cardiac TROPONIN T; ALPHA-TROPOMYOSIN.",""],["Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome",131,0.0,"D031845","C16.320.355",0,"Description: Rare, autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by<br>ACRO-OSTEOLYSIS, generalized OSTEOPOROSIS, and skull<br>deformations.",""],["Congenital Hyperinsulinism",837,0.0,"D044903","C16.614.200",1,"Description: A familial, nontransient HYPOGLYCEMIA with defects<br>in negative feedback of GLUCOSE-regulated INSULIN release.<br>Clinical phenotypes include HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPERINSULINEMIA;<br>SEIZURES; COMA; and often large BIRTH WEIGHT. Several sub-types<br>exist with the most common, type 1, associated with mutations on<br>an ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS (subfamily C, member 8).",""],["Thyroid Dysgenesis",631,0.0,"D050033","C16.131.894",2,"Description: Defective development of the THYROID GLAND. This<br>concept includes thyroid agenesis (aplasia), hypoplasia, or an<br>ectopic gland. Clinical signs usually are those of CONGENITAL<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM.",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C16.320.129",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["Hyperthyroxinemia, Familial Dysalbuminemic",26,0.0,"D050010","C16.320.427",0,"Description: An inherited autosomal dominant trait characterized<br>by abnormally elevated levels of total serum THYROXINE; (T4) in<br>euthyroid patients with abnormal SERUM ALBUMIN that binds T4 with<br>enhanced affinity. The serum levels of free T4, free T3, and TSH<br>are normal. It is one of several T4 abnormalities produced by<br>non-thyroid disorder. This condition is due to mutations of the<br>ALB gene on CHROMOSOME 4.",""],["Genetic Diseases, Y-Linked",23,0.0,"D050174","C16.320.338",0,"Description: Genetic diseases that are linked to mutant ALLELES<br>on the Y CHROMOSOME in humans (Y CHROMOSOME, HUMAN) or the Y<br>chromosome in other species. Included here are animal models of<br>human Y-linked diseases.",""],["Frasier Syndrome",43,0.0,"D052159","C16.320.306",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE<br>and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of<br>46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is<br>caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor<br>gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome",156,0.0,"D053306","C16.320.413",0,"Description: A rare inherited immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by normal or elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels<br>with absence of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E. It results in a profound susceptibility to<br>BACTERIAL INFECTIONS and an increased susceptibility to<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS. Several subtypes of hyper-IgM<br>immunodeficiency syndrome exist depending upon the location of<br>genetic mutation.",""],["Nuchal Cord",101,0.0,"D053589","C16.300.790",0,"Description: A complication of pregnancy in which the UMBILICAL<br>CORD wraps around the fetal neck once or multiple times. In some<br>cases, cord entanglement around fetal neck may not affect<br>pregnancy outcome significantly. In others, the nuchal cord may<br>lead to restricted fetal blood flow, oxygen transport, fetal<br>development, fetal movement, and complicated delivery at birth.",""],["Brugada Syndrome",2851,0.0,"D053840","C16.320.100",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant defect of cardiac conduction<br>that is characterized by an abnormal ST-segment in leads V1-V3 on<br>the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM resembling a right BUNDLE-BRANCH BLOCK;<br>high risk of VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; or VENTRICULAR<br>FIBRILLATION; SYNCOPAL EPISODE; and possible sudden death. This<br>syndrome is linked to mutations of gene encoding the cardiac<br>SODIUM CHANNEL alpha subunit.",""],["Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune",485,0.0,"D054098","C16.614.899",0,"Description: A condition in newborns caused by immunity of the<br>mother to PLATELET ALLOANTIGENS on the fetal platelets. The<br>PLATELETS, coated with maternal ANTIBODIES, are destroyed and<br>removed by the fetal MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. Affected<br>infants may have INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES.",""],["Loeys-Dietz Syndrome",390,0.0,"D055947","C16.320.510",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant aneurysm with multisystem<br>abnormalities caused by increased TGF-BETA signaling due to<br>mutations in type I or II of TGF-BETA RECEPTOR. Additional<br>craniofacial features include CLEFT PALATE; CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>HYPERTELORISM; or bifid uvula. Phenotypes closely resemble MARFAN<br>SYNDROME; Marfanoid craniosynostosis syndrome (Shprintzen-<br>Goldberg syndrome); and EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME.",""],["Yellow Nail Syndrome",146,0.0,"D056684","C16.320.962",0,"Description: A rare condition characterized by the presence of<br>yellow nails, LYMPHEDEMA, and/or PLEURAL EFFUSION with<br>respiratory tract involvement. Abnormal lymphatic network may<br>play a role in its etiology. Occasionally inherited, yellow nail<br>syndrome mostly is sporadic without apparent family history.",""],["Costello Syndrome",170,0.0,"D056685","C16.320.188",0,"Description: Rare congenital disorder with multiple anomalies<br>including: characteristic dysmorphic craniofacial features,<br>musculoskeletal abnormalities, neurocognitive delay, and high<br>prevalence of cancer. Germline mutations in H-Ras protein can<br>cause Costello syndrome. Costello syndrome shows early phenotypic<br>overlap with other disorders that involve MAP KINASE SIGNALING<br>SYSTEM (e.g., NOONAN SYNDROME and cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome).",""],["Donohue Syndrome",72,0.0,"D056731","C16.320.215",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive syndrome of extreme insulin<br>resistance due to mutations in the binding domain of INSULIN<br>RECEPTOR. Clinical features include severe intrauterine and<br>postnatal growth restriction, characteristic dysmorphic FACIES;<br>HIRSUTISM; VIRILIZATION; multiple endocrine abnormalities, and<br>early death.",""],["Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome",304,0.0,"D056735","C16.320.089",0,"Description: Rare congenital lymphoid disorder due to mutations<br>in certain Fas-Fas ligand pathway genes. Known causes include<br>mutations in FAS, TNFSF6, NRAS, CASP8, and CASP10 proteins.<br>Clinical features include LYMPHADENOPATHY; SPLENOMEGALY; and<br>AUTOIMMUNITY.",""],["Echogenic Bowel",31,0.0,"D058535","C16.300.050",0,"Description: A PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY finding of excessively<br>dense fetal bowel due to MECONIUM buildup.",""],["Pyelectasis",29,0.0,"D058536","C16.300.895",0,"Description: Dilation of fetal KIDNEY PELVIS. It is a common<br>PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY finding with no significant long-term<br>sequelae.",""],["Aicardi Syndrome",101,0.0,"D058540","C16.131.162",0,"Description: A rare genetic disorder characterized by partial or<br>complete absence of the CORPUS CALLOSUM, resulting in infantile<br>spasms, MENTAL RETARDATION, and lesions of the RETINA or OPTIC<br>NERVE.",""],["Pycnodysostosis",97,0.0,"D058631","C16.320.812",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by<br>delayed closing of CRANIAL SUTURES, short stature, ACRO-<br>OSTEOLYSIS of distal phalanges, dental and MAXILLOFACIAL<br>ABNORMALITIES and an increase in bone density that results in<br>frequent BONE FRACTURES. It is associated with BONE RESORPTION<br>defect due to mutations in the lysosomal cysteine protease<br>CATHEPSIN K.",""],["CHARGE Syndrome",335,0.0,"D058747","C16.320.165",0,"Description: Rare disease characterized by COLOBOMA; CHOANAL<br>ATRESIA; and abnormal SEMICIRCULAR CANALS. Mutations in CHD7<br>protein resulting in disturbed neural crest development are<br>associated with CHARGE Syndrome.",""],["Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders",4028,0.0,"D063647","C16.300.070",0,"Description: An umbrella term used to describe a pattern of<br>disabilities and abnormalities that result from fetal exposure to<br>ETHANOL during pregnancy. It encompasses a phenotypic range that<br>can vary greatly between individuals, but reliably includes one<br>or more of the following: characteristic facial dysmorphism,<br>FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION, central nervous system abnormalities,<br>cognitive and/or behavioral dysfunction, BIRTH DEFECTS. The level<br>of maternal alcohol consumption does not necessarily correlate<br>directly with disease severity.",""],["Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital",4227,0.0,"D065630","C16.131.433",0,"Description: Protrusion of abdominal structures into the THORAX<br>as a result of embryologic defects in the DIAPHRAGM often present<br>in the neonatal period. It can be isolated, syndromic, non-<br>syndromic or be a part of chromosome abnormality. Associated<br>pulmonary hypoplasia and PULMONARY HYPERTENSION can further<br>complicate stabilization and surgical intervention.",""],["Lennox Gastaut Syndrome",259,0.0,"D065768","C16.320.495",0,"Description: A childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome.",""],["Congenital Microtia",436,0.0,"D065817","C16.131.287",0,"Description: Malformation of external portion of EAR AURICLE.",""],["Genetic Diseases, Inborn",947181,10.6,"D030342","C16.320",638,"Description: Diseases that are caused by genetic mutations<br>present during embryo or fetal development, although they may be<br>observed later in life. The mutations may be inherited from a<br>parent's genome or they may be acquired in utero.",""],["Congenital Abnormalities",866126,9.7,"D000013","C16.131",470,"Description: Malformations of organs or body parts during<br>development in utero.",""],["Infant, Newborn, Diseases",172233,1.9,"D007232","C16.614",54,"Description: Diseases of newborn infants present at birth<br>(congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It<br>does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or<br>within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn<br>errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM,<br>INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts.",""],["Fetal Diseases",55186,0.6,"D005315","C16.300",11,"Description: Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the<br>UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES.",""],["Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities",2041129,22.9,"D009358","C16",1177,"Description: Diseases existing at birth and often before birth,<br>or that develop during the first month of life (INFANT, NEWBORN,<br>DISEASES), regardless of causation. Of these diseases, those<br>characterized by structural deformities are termed CONGENITAL<br>ABNORMALITIES.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Disease","Fabry Disease","Cleft Palate","Double Outlet Right Ventricle","Gangliosidoses","Gangliosidoses","Gangliosidoses","Gaucher Disease","Gaucher Disease","Gaucher Disease","Goldenhar Syndrome","Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Sulfatidosis","Sulfatidosis","Sulfatidosis","Lutembacher Syndrome","Micrognathism","Niemann-Pick Diseases","Niemann-Pick Diseases","Niemann-Pick Diseases","Pierre Robin Syndrome","Prognathism","Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome","Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome","Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome","Tangier Disease","Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent","Wolman Disease","Gonadoblastoma","Gonadoblastoma","Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula","Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome","Vein of Galen Malformations","Vein of Galen Malformations","Foramen Ovale, Patent","Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias","Cobblestone Lissencephaly","Farber Lipogranulomatosis","Farber Lipogranulomatosis","Farber Lipogranulomatosis","Retrognathia","Hemimegalencephaly","Hypobetalipoproteinemias","Foot Deformities, Congenital","Anomalous Left Coronary Artery","Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries","Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia","Acrocephalosyndactylia","Acrocephalosyndactylia","Acrocephalosyndactylia","Acrocephalosyndactylia","Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Amelogenesis Imperfecta","Sphingolipidoses","Sphingolipidoses","Sphingolipidoses","Aortopulmonary Septal Defect","Arteriovenous Fistula","Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations","Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations","Cherubism","Jaw Abnormalities","Cleft Palate","DiGeorge Syndrome","DiGeorge Syndrome","Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular","Double Outlet Right Ventricle","Endocardial Cushion Defects","Freemartinism","Fructose Intolerance","Fucosidosis","Fucosidosis","Glycogen Storage Disease Type I","Glycogen Storage Disease Type II","Glycogen Storage Disease Type II","Glycogen Storage Disease Type II","Glycogen Storage Disease Type III","Glycogen Storage Disease Type IV","Glycogen Storage Disease Type V","Glycogen Storage Disease Type VI","Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII","Glycogen Storage Disease Type VIII","Mandibulofacial Dysostosis","Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed","Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed","Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed","Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY","Hallermann's Syndrome","Hand Deformities, Congenital","Heart Septal Defects, Atrial","Homocystinuria","Hypertelorism","Kartagener Syndrome","Kartagener Syndrome","Klinefelter Syndrome","Klinefelter Syndrome","Klinefelter Syndrome","Hypoalphalipoproteinemias","Leigh Disease","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Mucopolysaccharidosis I","Mucopolysaccharidosis I","alpha-Mannosidosis","alpha-Mannosidosis","Microcephaly","Micrognathism","Mucolipidoses","Mucolipidoses","Mucopolysaccharidosis III","Mucopolysaccharidosis III","Mucopolysaccharidosis IV","Mucopolysaccharidosis IV","Mucopolysaccharidosis VI","Mucopolysaccharidosis VI","Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses","Pierre Robin Syndrome","Poland Syndrome","Poland Syndrome","Prognathism","Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism","Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome","Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome","Tuberous Sclerosis","Turner Syndrome","Turner Syndrome","Turner Syndrome","Turner Syndrome","Hydrops Fetalis","Arthritis, Gouty","Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease","Wolman Disease","Fructose-1,6-Diphosphatase Deficiency","Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease","Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome","Albinism, Oculocutaneous","Piebaldism","Albinism, Ocular","Spina Bifida Occulta","Spina Bifida Cystica","Mucopolysaccharidosis II","Mucopolysaccharidosis II","Mucopolysaccharidosis VII","Mucopolysaccharidosis VII","Phenylketonuria, Maternal","Phenylketonuria, Maternal","Kallmann Syndrome","Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic","Ichthyosis, Lamellar","Hyperandrogenism","Hyperandrogenism","WAGR Syndrome","Canavan Disease","Machado-Joseph Disease","Citrullinemia","Citrullinemia","Hyperargininemia","Hyperargininemia","Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease","Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease","Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease","Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease","Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease","Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Periodic","Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis","Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome","Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX","Biotinidase Deficiency","Biotinidase Deficiency","Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency","Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency","Sialic Acid Storage Disease","Sialic Acid Storage Disease","Jervell-Lange Nielsen Syndrome","Romano-Ward Syndrome","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Alexander Disease","beta-Mannosidosis","beta-Mannosidosis","Plagiocephaly, Nonsynostotic","Andersen Syndrome","Sexual Infantilism","Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb","Frasier Syndrome","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Epidermolytic","Vein of Galen Malformations","Lissencephaly","Myocardial Bridging","Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia","Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias","Cobblestone Lissencephaly","Pallister-Hall Syndrome","Muir-Torre Syndrome","Netherton Syndrome","Argininosuccinic Aciduria","Argininosuccinic Aciduria","Fraser Syndrome","Fraser Syndrome","46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development","Megalencephaly","Steatocystoma Multiplex","Steatocystoma Multiplex","Dentofacial Deformities","Retrognathia","Bland White Garland Syndrome","Bland White Garland Syndrome","Hemimegalencephaly","Polymicrogyria","Schizencephaly","Porencephaly","Porencephaly","Hypolipoproteinemias","Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital","Tarsal Coalition","Trisomy 13 Syndrome","Trisomy 18 Syndrome","Vascular Ring","Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome","Coronary Vessel Anomalies","Univentricular Heart","Transposition of Great Vessels","Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease","Quadricuspid Aortic Valve","Aortico-Ventricular Tunnel","X-Linked Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy","X-Linked Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy","Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II","Craniosynostoses","Syndactyly","Craniosynostoses","Syndactyly","Adrenogenital Syndrome","Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Albinism","Alkaptonuria","Dental Enamel Hypoplasia","Anencephaly","Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System","Lipidoses","Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System","Anodontia","Aortic Coarctation","Heart Septal Defects","Arnold-Chiari Malformation","Arterio-Arterial Fistula","Arteriovenous Malformations","Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia","Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations","Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations","Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease","Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease","Maxillofacial Abnormalities","Ciliary Motility Disorders","Cleft Lip","Jaw Abnormalities","Cleft Palate","Cleidocranial Dysplasia","Cor Triatriatum","Craniofacial Dysostosis","Crigler-Najjar Syndrome","Crisscross Heart","Cystinosis","Cystinuria","Dens in Dente","Dentin Dysplasia","Dentinogenesis Imperfecta","Dextrocardia","Diastema","DiGeorge Syndrome","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","DiGeorge Syndrome","DiGeorge Syndrome","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","DiGeorge Syndrome","Ductus Arteriosus, Patent","Dysautonomia, Familial","Dysautonomia, Familial","Ebstein Anomaly","Ectromelia","Eisenmenger Complex","Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome","Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome","Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome","Encephalocele","Favism","Fibromatosis, Gingival","Focal Dermal Hypoplasia","Focal Dermal Hypoplasia","Focal Dermal Hypoplasia","Fragile X Syndrome","Fragile X Syndrome","Fragile X Syndrome","Fragile X Syndrome","Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development","Friedreich Ataxia","Fructose Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy","Fucosidosis","Fused Teeth","Galactosemias","Galactosemias","Gardner Syndrome","Gilbert Disease","Glycogen Storage Disease","Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency","Gonadal Dysgenesis","Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development","Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development","Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY","Gout","Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital","Hartnup Disease","Hartnup Disease","Hartnup Disease","Hemochromatosis","Hemoglobin SC Disease","Hemoglobin SC Disease","Hepatolenticular Degeneration","Hepatolenticular Degeneration","Hip Dislocation, Congenital","von Hippel-Lindau Disease","Hyperhomocysteinemia","Homocystinuria","Hyaline Membrane Disease","Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V","Hyperoxaluria, Primary","Hypophosphatasia","Hypophosphatemia, Familial","Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic","Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic","Kartagener Syndrome","Kartagener Syndrome","Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome","Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome","Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome","Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome","Lactose Intolerance","Leigh Disease","Pyruvate Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome","Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome","Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome","Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome","Levocardia","Mucopolysaccharidoses","Mucopolysaccharidoses","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I","Long QT Syndrome","Macrostomia","Mannosidase Deficiency Diseases","Mannosidase Deficiency Diseases","Maple Syrup Urine Disease","Maple Syrup Urine Disease","Marfan Syndrome","Meningocele","Meningomyelocele","Microcephaly","Malformations of Cortical Development, Group I","Microstomia","Mucolipidoses","Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency","Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency","Neurofibromatosis 1","Neurofibromatosis 1","Noonan Syndrome","Noonan Syndrome","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies","Orofaciodigital Syndromes","Orofaciodigital Syndromes","Orofaciodigital Syndromes","Papillon-Lefevre Disease","Paralyses, Familial Periodic","Phenylketonurias","Phenylketonurias","Platybasia","Pseudohypoparathyroidism","Refsum Disease","Refsum Disease","Refsum Disease","Refsum Disease","Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","Scimitar Syndrome","Polydactyly","Sickle Cell Trait","Sickle Cell Trait","Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic","Tetralogy of Fallot","Thanatophoric Dysplasia","Thanatophoric Dysplasia","Tooth, Supernumerary","Trilogy of Fallot","Turner Syndrome","Velopharyngeal Insufficiency","Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","Wolfram Syndrome","Wolfram Syndrome","Wolfram Syndrome","alpha-Thalassemia","Zellweger Syndrome","Zellweger Syndrome","Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease","Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease","Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary","Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary","Rett Syndrome","Rett Syndrome","Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Diffuse","Arachnoid Cysts","Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita","Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica","Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica","Epidermolysis Bullosa, Junctional","Epidermolysis Bullosa, Junctional","Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex","Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex","Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome","Ichthyosis Vulgaris","Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital","Ichthyosis, X-Linked","Ichthyosis, X-Linked","Albinism, Oculocutaneous","Albinism, Oculocutaneous","Piebaldism","Piebaldism","Albinism, Ocular","Albinism, Ocular","Spinal Dysraphism","Holoprosencephaly","Holoprosencephaly","Neurofibromatosis 2","Neurofibromatosis 2","Mucopolysaccharidosis II","Mucopolysaccharidosis II","Proteus Syndrome","Alagille Syndrome","Caroli Disease","Caroli Disease","Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant","Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant","Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive","Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive","alpha-Thalassemia","beta-Thalassemia","beta-Thalassemia","Porphyria, Acute Intermittent","Porphyria Cutanea Tarda","Porphyria, Hepatoerythropoietic","MELAS Syndrome","MERRF Syndrome","Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic","Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic","Ichthyosis, Lamellar","Ichthyosis, Lamellar","46, XX Disorders of Sex Development","WAGR Syndrome","WAGR Syndrome","WAGR Syndrome","Spinocerebellar Ataxias","Odontodysplasia","Pulmonary Atresia","Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1","Tricuspid Atresia","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b","Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic","Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation","Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome","Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome","Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous","Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia","Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic","Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic","Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn","Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn","Hyperlysinemias","Hyperlysinemias","Tyrosinemias","Tyrosinemias","Acatalasia","Neurocutaneous Syndromes","Neurocutaneous Syndromes","Neurocutaneous Syndromes","Sinus Pericranii","Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System","Central Nervous System Venous Angioma","Bardet-Biedl Syndrome","Septo-Optic Dysplasia","Septo-Optic Dysplasia","Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial","Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant","Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant","Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber","Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Coffin-Lowry Syndrome","Coffin-Lowry Syndrome","Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome, Apparent","LEOPARD Syndrome","LEOPARD Syndrome","Coproporphyria, Hereditary","Porphyria, Variegate","Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic","Lingual Goiter","Plagiocephaly","Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development","Usher Syndromes","Usher Syndromes","Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized","Refsum Disease, Infantile","Refsum Disease, Infantile","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Type 1","Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic","Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic","Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic","Ectodermal Dysplasia 3, Anhidrotic","Ectodermal Dysplasia 3, Anhidrotic","Ectodermal Dysplasia 3, Anhidrotic","Ectodermal Dysplasia, Hypohidrotic, Autosomal Recessive","Ectodermal Dysplasia, Hypohidrotic, Autosomal Recessive","Ectodermal Dysplasia, Hypohidrotic, Autosomal Recessive","Pachyonychia Congenita","Pachyonychia Congenita","Pachyonychia Congenita","Corneal Dystrophy, Juvenile Epithelial of Meesmann","Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens","X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases","Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency","Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency","Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency","Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency","Malformations of Cortical Development, Group II","Ectopia Cordis","Arachnodactyly","Angioedemas, Hereditary","Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias","Aspartylglucosaminuria","Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype","Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype","Tracheomalacia","Bronchomalacia","delta-Thalassemia","delta-Thalassemia","Lynch Syndrome II","Acrocallosal Syndrome","Colloid Cysts","Acute Chest Syndrome","Acute Chest Syndrome","Propionic Acidemia","von Willebrand Disease, Type 1","von Willebrand Disease, Type 2","von Willebrand Disease, Type 3","Prolidase Deficiency","Giant Axonal Neuropathy","Giant Axonal Neuropathy","Alstrom Syndrome","Alstrom Syndrome","Alstrom Syndrome","Alstrom Syndrome","Netherton Syndrome","Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium","Barth Syndrome","Barth Syndrome","Sarcoglycanopathies","Pentalogy of Cantrell","Single Umbilical Artery","Aicardi Syndrome","Megalencephaly","Pycnodysostosis","Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn","Brachydactyly","Heterotaxy Syndrome","May-Thurner Syndrome","Dentofacial Deformities","Malformations of Cortical Development, Group III","Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Fused Kidney","Limb Deformities, Congenital","Synostosis","Anorectal Malformations","Cone-Rod Dystrophies","Ciliopathies","Trisomy 13 Syndrome","Heart Defects, Congenital","Trisomy 13 Syndrome","Trisomy 13 Syndrome","Trisomy 18 Syndrome","Trisomy 18 Syndrome","Trisomy 18 Syndrome","Vascular Malformations","Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy","Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction","Optic Nerve Hypoplasia","Optic Nerve Hypoplasia","Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathies","Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathies","Stargardt Disease","Hereditary Complement Deficiency Diseases","Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip","Muscular Dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss","Muscular Dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss","Ectodermal Dysplasia","Ectodermal Dysplasia","Ectodermal Dysplasia","Achondroplasia","Acidosis, Renal Tubular","Craniofacial Abnormalities","Acrodermatitis","Disorders of Sex Development","Steroid Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Mental Retardation, X-Linked","Mental Retardation, X-Linked","Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn","Peroxisomal Disorders","Afibrinogenemia","Albinism","Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Albinism","Tooth Abnormalities","Renal Aminoacidurias","Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital","Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Nonspherocytic","Anemia, Sickle Cell","Anemia, Sickle Cell","Anencephaly","Neural Tube Defects","Fabry Disease","Lysosomal Storage Diseases","Anophthalmos","Anus, Imperforate","Arthrogryposis","Ataxia Telangiectasia","Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome","Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome","Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome","Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome","Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome","Behcet Syndrome","Bernard-Soulier Syndrome","Biliary Atresia","Bladder Exstrophy","Bloom Syndrome","Bloom Syndrome","Bronchogenic Cyst","Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia","Bronchopulmonary Sequestration","Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Cardiomyopathy, Dilated","Spinocerebellar Degenerations","Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations","Cervical Rib Syndrome","Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy","Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy","Chediak-Higashi Syndrome","Choanal Atresia","Hemophilia B","Hemophilia B","Ciliary Motility Disorders","Mouth Abnormalities","Maxillofacial Abnormalities","Cockayne Syndrome","Cockayne Syndrome","Cockayne Syndrome","Coloboma","Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis","Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary","Congenital Hypothyroidism","Cri-du-Chat Syndrome","Cri-du-Chat Syndrome","Cri-du-Chat Syndrome","Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary","Cryptorchidism","Cutis Laxa","Dandy-Walker Syndrome","De Lange Syndrome","De Lange Syndrome","De Lange Syndrome","Dermatitis, Atopic","Dextrocardia","Diaphragmatic Eventration","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","Down Syndrome","Down Syndrome","Down Syndrome","Duane Retraction Syndrome","Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies","Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies","Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome","Dystonia Musculorum Deformans","Ectopia Lentis","Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome","Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome","Elliptocytosis, Hereditary","Epidermolysis Bullosa","Epidermolysis Bullosa","Epispadias","Esophageal Atresia","Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary","Factor V Deficiency","Factor VII Deficiency","Factor X Deficiency","Factor XI Deficiency","Factor XII Deficiency","Factor XIII Deficiency","Fanconi Syndrome","Fanconi Anemia","Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency","Fetofetal Transfusion","Fetomaternal Transfusion","Focal Dermal Hypoplasia","Sex Chromosome Disorders","Sex Chromosome Disorders","Funnel Chest","Gardner Syndrome","Adenomatous Polyposis Coli","Tourette Syndrome","Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII","Glycogen Storage Disease Type VIII","Glycosuria, Renal","Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Granulomatous Disease, Chronic","Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration","Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple","Amino Acid Transport Disorders, Inborn","Metal Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Hemoglobin C Disease","Hemoglobin C Disease","Hemophilia A","Hepatolenticular Degeneration","Hip Dislocation, Congenital","von Hippel-Lindau Disease","Hirschsprung Disease","Huntington Disease","Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn","Hydranencephaly","Hydrophthalmos","Hypophosphatemia, Familial","Hypoprothrombinemias","Hypospadias","Ichthyosis","Incontinentia Pigmenti","Incontinentia Pigmenti","Incontinentia Pigmenti","Intestinal Atresia","Jaundice, Neonatal","Job Syndrome","Kartagener Syndrome","Darier Disease","Keratoderma, Palmoplantar","Kernicterus","Polycystic Kidney Diseases","Polycystic Kidney Diseases","Klippel-Feil Syndrome","Laryngostenosis","Laurence-Moon Syndrome","Leukomalacia, Periventricular","Levocardia","Lipoid Proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe","Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal","Marfan Syndrome","Meckel Diverticulum","Malformations of Cortical Development","Microphthalmos","Myotonic Dystrophy","Myotonic Dystrophy","Myotonia Congenita","Nail-Patella Syndrome","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","Nephritis, Hereditary","Wilms Tumor","Neurofibromatoses","Neurofibromatoses","Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Orofaciodigital Syndromes","Paralysis, Obstetric","Familial Mediterranean Fever","Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome","Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome","Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome","Prader-Willi Syndrome","Prader-Willi Syndrome","Prader-Willi Syndrome","Progeria","Progeria","Prune Belly Syndrome","Pseudohypoaldosteronism","Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum","Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum","Retinitis Pigmentosa","Retinopathy of Prematurity","Rubella Syndrome, Congenital","Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome","Scimitar Syndrome","Sclerema Neonatorum","Short Rib-Polydactyly Syndrome","Spherocytosis, Hereditary","Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome","Thalassemia","Thalassemia","Thrombasthenia","Tracheobronchomegaly","Tuberous Sclerosis","Tuberous Sclerosis","Twins, Conjoined","von Willebrand Diseases","Waardenburg Syndrome","Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood","Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome","Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome","Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome","Deaf-Blind Disorders","Optic Atrophies, Hereditary","Optic Atrophies, Hereditary","Xeroderma Pigmentosum","Xeroderma Pigmentosum","Hydrops Fetalis","Zellweger Syndrome","Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors","Choledochal Cyst","Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital","Aniridia","Aniridia","Retinal Dysplasia","Retinal Dysplasia","Choroideremia","Choroideremia","Gyrate Atrophy","Central Nervous System Cysts","Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease","Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome","Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome","Ichthyosis Vulgaris","Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital","Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital","Ichthyosis, X-Linked","Ichthyosis, X-Linked","Ichthyosis, X-Linked","Holoprosencephaly","Holoprosencephaly","Agenesis of Corpus Callosum","Holoprosencephaly","Pemphigus, Benign Familial","Severe Combined Immunodeficiency","Blepharophimosis","Proteus Syndrome","Alagille Syndrome","Caroli Disease","Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","POEMS Syndrome","Porphyria, Erythropoietic","Porphyrias, Hepatic","Angelman Syndrome","Angelman Syndrome","Angelman Syndrome","Porokeratosis","WAGR Syndrome","WAGR Syndrome","Canavan Disease","Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome","Williams Syndrome","Williams Syndrome","Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome","Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome","Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome","Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome","Port-Wine Stain","Dyskeratosis Congenita","Dyskeratosis Congenita","Dyskeratosis Congenita","Activated Protein C Resistance","Gastroschisis","Protein C Deficiency","Antithrombin III Deficiency","Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease","Lafora Disease","Unverricht-Lundborg Syndrome","Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases","Mobius Syndrome","Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease","Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne","Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne","Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral","Bardet-Biedl Syndrome","Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney","Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome","Amyloidosis, Familial","Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial","Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan","Cytochrome-c Oxidase Deficiency","Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome","Alexander Disease","Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal","LEOPARD Syndrome","Laron Syndrome","Lingual Thyroid","Nesidioblastosis","Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle","Distal Myopathies","Graves Ophthalmopathy","Mulibrey Nanism","Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb","Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial","Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome","Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Type 1","Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic","Leukokeratosis, Hereditary Mucosal","Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens","Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens","Gitelman Syndrome","X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases","X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases","Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn","Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency","Trichothiodystrophy Syndromes","Trichothiodystrophy Syndromes","Trichothiodystrophy Syndromes","Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous","Neuroacanthocytosis","Jacobsen Distal 11q Deletion Syndrome","Jacobsen Distal 11q Deletion Syndrome","Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome","Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome","Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome","Pallister-Hall Syndrome","Campomelic Dysplasia","Tracheobronchomalacia","Laryngomalacia","Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked","Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked","Gray Platelet Syndrome","Loeys-Dietz Syndrome","Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis","Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes","Costello Syndrome","Silver-Russell Syndrome","Silver-Russell Syndrome","Silver-Russell Syndrome","Silver-Russell Syndrome","Donohue Syndrome","Prolidase Deficiency","Prolidase Deficiency","Prolidase Deficiency","Carney Complex","Carney Complex","Monilethrix","Monilethrix","Alstrom Syndrome","Netherton Syndrome","Netherton Syndrome","Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium","Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium","Weill-Marchesani Syndrome","Weill-Marchesani Syndrome","Barth Syndrome","Barth Syndrome","Liddle Syndrome","Hyalinosis, Systemic","Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy","Dent Disease","Dent Disease","Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome","Walker-Warburg Syndrome","Sotos Syndrome","Sotos Syndrome","Sotos Syndrome","Smith-Magenis Syndrome","Smith-Magenis Syndrome","Smith-Magenis Syndrome","Fraser Syndrome","Fraser Syndrome","Fraser Syndrome","Pentalogy of Cantrell","Pyelectasis","Aicardi Syndrome","Aicardi Syndrome","CHARGE Syndrome","Heterotaxy Syndrome","Laryngocele","Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome","Retrocaval Ureter","Pectus Carinatum","Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Abnormalities, Drug-Induced","Abnormalities, Multiple","Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced","Urogenital Abnormalities","Musculoskeletal Abnormalities","Digestive System Abnormalities","Familial Multiple Lipomatosis","Neonatal Sepsis","Eye Diseases, Hereditary","Ciliopathies","Cardiovascular Abnormalities","Chromosome Disorders","Chromosome Disorders","Birth Injuries","GATA2 Deficiency","Nervous System Malformations","Eye Abnormalities","Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes","Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases","Laminopathies","Genetic Diseases, X-Linked","Muscular Dystrophies","Skin Abnormalities","Skin Diseases, Genetic","Dwarfism","Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors","Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital","Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System","Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited","Stomatognathic System Abnormalities","Amniotic Band Syndrome","Pain Insensitivity, Congenital","Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital","Anemia, Neonatal","Hemoglobinopathies","Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid","Asphyxia Neonatorum","Ataxia Telangiectasia","Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary","Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases","Respiratory System Abnormalities","Infant, Premature, Diseases","Cherubism","Chorioamnionitis","Colic","Cystic Fibrosis","Cystic Fibrosis","Situs Inversus","Camurati-Engelmann Syndrome","Lymphatic Abnormalities","Erythroblastosis, Fetal","Erythroblastosis, Fetal","Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital","Fetal Hypoxia","Fetal Growth Retardation","Fetal Macrosomia","Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding","Hernia, Umbilical","Hydrophthalmos","Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital","Ichthyosis","Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal","Kartagener Syndrome","Marfan Syndrome","Meconium Aspiration Syndrome","Meconium Aspiration Syndrome","Nail-Patella Syndrome","Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Ophthalmia Neonatorum","Orofaciodigital Syndromes","Osteoarthropathy, Primary Hypertrophic","Osteochondrodysplasias","Osteogenesis Imperfecta","Pelger-Huet Anomaly","Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome","Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome","Sclerema Neonatorum","Syphilis, Congenital","Thanatophoric Dysplasia","Toxoplasmosis, Congenital","Werner Syndrome","Wolman Disease","Severe Combined Immunodeficiency","Alagille Syndrome","Kallmann Syndrome","alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency","Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital","Mobius Syndrome","Nystagmus, Congenital","Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal","Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, Familial","Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome","Congenital Hyperinsulinism","Thyroid Dysgenesis","CADASIL","Hyperthyroxinemia, Familial Dysalbuminemic","Genetic Diseases, Y-Linked","Frasier Syndrome","Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome","Nuchal Cord","Brugada Syndrome","Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune","Loeys-Dietz 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An infection of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue<br>that consists of a cluster of boils. Commonly, the causative<br>agent is STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. Carbuncles produce fever,<br>leukocytosis, extreme pain, and prostration.",""],["Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous",1150,0.0,"D007897","C17.800.838.775.560.400.385",0,"Description: A disease characterized by the chronic, progressive<br>spread of lesions from New World cutaneous leishmaniasis caused<br>by species of the L. braziliensis complex to the nasal,<br>pharyngeal, and buccal mucosa some time after the appearance of<br>the initial cutaneous lesion. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis are<br>frequent presenting symptoms.",""],["Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome",1733,0.0,"D010580","C17.800.621.430.530.550.625",0,"Description: A hereditary disease caused by autosomal dominant<br>mutations involving CHROMOSOME 19. It is characterized by the<br>presence of INTESTINAL POLYPS, consistently in the JEJUNUM, and<br>mucocutaneous pigmentation with MELANIN spots of the lips, buccal<br>MUCOSA, and digits.",""],["Tinea Favosa",240,0.0,"D014007","C17.800.838.208.883.558.708",0,"Description: A disease of the scalp that may affect the glabrous<br>skin and the nails and is recognized by the concave sulfur-yellow<br>crusts that form around loose, wiry hairs. Atrophy ensues,<br>leaving a smooth, glossy, thin, paper-white patch. This type of<br>disease is rare in the United States and more frequently seen in<br>the Middle East, Africa, Southeastern Europe, and other countries<br>bordering the Mediterranean Sea. (Arnold, Odom, and James,<br>Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p319)",""],["Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous",136,0.0,"D016774","C17.800.838.775.560.400.350",0,"Description: A form of LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS caused by<br>Leishmania aethiopica in Ethiopia and Kenya, L. pifanoi in<br>Venezuela, L. braziliensis in South America, and L. mexicana in<br>Central America. This disease is characterized by massive<br>dissemination of skin lesions without visceral involvement.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C17.800.621.440.102.100.400",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["LEOPARD Syndrome",212,0.0,"D044542","C17.800.621.430.530.550.525",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of<br>its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abnormalities;<br>ocular HYPERTELORISM; PULMONARY STENOSIS; abnormal genitalia;<br>retardation of growth; and DEAFNESS or SENSORINEURAL HEARING<br>LOSS). This syndrome is caused by mutations of PTPN11 gene<br>encoding the non-receptor PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, type 11,<br>and is an allelic to NOONAN SYNDROME. Features of LEOPARD<br>syndrome overlap with those of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 which is<br>caused by mutations in the NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 GENES.",""],["Hereditary Angioedema Type III",44,0.0,"D056828","C17.800.862.945.066.500.500",0,"Description: A form of hereditary angioedema that occurs in women<br>and is precipitated or worsened by high ESTROGEN levels. It is<br>associated with mutations in the gene for FACTOR XII that result<br>in its increased activity.",""],["Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II",211,0.0,"D056829","C17.800.862.945.066.500.750",0,"Description: Forms of hereditary angioedema that occur due to<br>mutations in the gene for COMPLEMENT C1 INHIBITOR PROTEIN. Type I<br>hereditary angioedema is associated with reduced serum levels of<br>complement C1 inhibitor protein. Type II hereditary angioedema is<br>associated with the production of a non-functional complement C1<br>inhibitor protein.",""],["Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor",127,0.0,"D062688","C17.800.838.790.810.110.500",0,"Description: Exophytic tumor of the anogenital region associated<br>with HPV infections. It becomes a large cauliflower-like,<br>hyperkeratotic, verrucous mass that is locally destructive with<br>little atypical cells. Histologically, tumor cells are broad rete<br>peg structures that tend to invade deeper than CONDYLOMATA<br>ACUMINATA.",""],["Acanthosis Nigricans",1300,0.0,"D000052","C17.800.621.430.530.100",0,"Description: A circumscribed melanosis consisting of a brown-<br>pigmented, velvety verrucosity or fine papillomatosis appearing<br>in the axillae and other body folds. It occurs in association<br>with endocrine disorders, underlying malignancy, administration<br>of certain drugs, or as in inherited disorder.",""],["Tinea cruris",4,0.0,"D000084002","C17.800.838.208.883.608",0,"Description: Fungal infection of the groin. The main causative<br>fungus is TRICHOPHYTON.",""],["Alopecia Areata",3598,0.1,"D000506","C17.800.329.937.122.147",0,"Description: Loss of scalp and body hair involving<br>microscopically inflammatory patchy areas.",""],["Mucinosis, Follicular",282,0.0,"D000507","C17.800.329.937.122.550",0,"Description: A disease of the pilosebaceous unit, presenting<br>clinically as grouped follicular papules or plaques with<br>associated hair loss. It is caused by mucinous infiltration of<br>tissues, and usually involving the scalp, face, and neck. It may<br>be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to mycosis fungoides or<br>reticulosis.",""],["Furunculosis",1258,0.0,"D005667","C17.800.838.765.770.270",1,"Description: A persistent skin infection marked by the presence<br>of furuncles, often chronic and recurrent. In humans, the<br>causative agent is various species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS. In salmonid<br>fish (SALMONIDS), the pathogen is AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA.",""],["Chiari-Frommel Syndrome",100,0.0,"D002640","C17.800.090.937.439.500",0,"Description: A POSTPARTUM condition consists of persistent<br>lactation (GALACTORRHEA) and AMENORRHEA in patients not BREAST<br>FEEDING.",""],["Condylomata Acuminata",4532,0.1,"D003218","C17.800.838.790.810.110",1,"Description: Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth<br>caused by the human papillomaviruses.",""],["Diaper Rash",633,0.0,"D003963","C17.800.174.255.400.250",0,"Description: A type of irritant dermatitis localized to the area<br>in contact with a diaper and occurring most often as a reaction<br>to prolonged contact with urine, feces, or retained soap or<br>detergent.",""],["Diaper Rash",633,0.0,"D003963","C17.800.815.255.400.250",0,"Description: A type of irritant dermatitis localized to the area<br>in contact with a diaper and occurring most often as a reaction<br>to prolonged contact with urine, feces, or retained soap or<br>detergent.",""],["Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis",498,0.0,"D004819","C17.800.838.790.810.260",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive trait with impaired cell-<br>mediated immunity. About 15 human papillomaviruses are implicated<br>in associated infection, four of which lead to skin neoplasms.<br>The disease begins in childhood with red papules and later<br>spreads over the body as gray or yellow scales.",""],["Erythema Induratum",242,0.0,"D004891","C17.800.838.765.820.320",0,"Description: A type of panniculitis characterized histologically<br>by the presence of granulomas, vasculitis, and necrosis. It is<br>traditionally considered to be the tuberculous counterpart of<br>nodular vasculitis, but is now known to occur without tuberculous<br>precedent. It is seen most commonly in adolescent and menopausal<br>women, is initiated or exacerbated by cold weather, and typically<br>presents as one or more recurrent erythrocyanotic nodules or<br>plaques on the calves. The nodules may progress to form<br>indurations, ulcerations, and scars.",""],["Herpes Labialis",856,0.0,"D006560","C17.800.838.790.320.320",0,"Description: Herpes simplex, caused by type 1 virus, primarily<br>spread by oral secretions and usually occurring as a concomitant<br>of fever. It may also develop in the absence of fever or prior<br>illness. It commonly involves the facial region, especially the<br>lips and the nares. (Dorland, 27th ed.)",""],["Impetigo",1026,0.0,"D007169","C17.800.838.765.770.360",0,"Description: A common superficial bacterial infection caused by<br>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.<br>Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and<br>discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a<br>crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially<br>about the mouth and nose.",""],["Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption",633,0.0,"D007617","C17.800.838.790.320.410",0,"Description: A disseminated vesicular-pustular eruption caused by<br>the herpes simplex virus (HERPESVIRUS HOMINIS), the VACCINIA<br>VIRUS, or Varicella zoster (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). It is usually<br>superimposed on a preexisting, inactive or active, atopic<br>dermatitis (DERMATITIS, ATOPIC).",""],["Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous",8987,0.1,"D016773","C17.800.838.775.560.400",2,"Description: An endemic disease that is characterized by the<br>development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed<br>areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been<br>divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is<br>separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and<br>clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L.<br>tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the<br>L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American<br>leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused<br>by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.",""],["Lentigo",2879,0.0,"D007911","C17.800.621.430.530.550",2,"Description: Small circumscribed melanoses resembling, but<br>differing histologically from, freckles. The concept includes<br>senile lentigo ('liver spots') and nevoid lentigo (nevus spilus,<br>lentigo simplex) and may also occur in association with multiple<br>congenital defects or congenital syndromes (e.g., Peutz-Jeghers<br>syndrome).",""],["Lupus Vulgaris",1496,0.0,"D008177","C17.800.838.765.820.470",0,"Description: A form of cutaneous tuberculosis. It is seen<br>predominantly in women and typically involves the NASAL MUCOSA;<br>BUCCAL MUCOSA; and conjunctival mucosa.",""],["Dermatitis, Toxicodendron",373,0.0,"D011040","C17.800.174.255.100.700",0,"Description: An allergic contact dermatitis caused by exposure to<br>plants of the genus Toxicodendron (formerly Rhus). These include<br>poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac, all plants that contain<br>the substance urushiol, a potent skin sensitizing agent. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Dermatitis, Toxicodendron",373,0.0,"D011040","C17.800.815.255.100.700",0,"Description: An allergic contact dermatitis caused by exposure to<br>plants of the genus Toxicodendron (formerly Rhus). These include<br>poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac, all plants that contain<br>the substance urushiol, a potent skin sensitizing agent. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome",383,0.0,"D013206","C17.800.838.765.770.770",0,"Description: A disease of infants due to group 2 phage type 17<br>staphylococci that produce an epidermolytic exotoxin. Superficial<br>fine vesicles and bullae form and rupture easily, resulting in<br>loss of large sheets of epidermis.",""],["Tinea Capitis",1982,0.0,"D014006","C17.800.838.208.883.558",1,"Description: Ringworm of the scalp and associated hair mainly<br>caused by species of MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and<br>EPIDERMOPHYTON, which may occasionally involve the eyebrows and<br>eyelashes.",""],["Tinea Pedis",1057,0.0,"D014008","C17.800.838.208.883.658",0,"Description: Dermatological pruritic lesion in the feet, caused<br>by Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton<br>floccosum.",""],["Onychomycosis",3382,0.0,"D014009","C17.800.838.208.883.458",0,"Description: A fungal infection of the nail, usually caused by<br>DERMATOPHYTES; YEASTS; or nondermatophyte MOLDS.",""],["Albinism, Oculocutaneous",1293,0.0,"D016115","C17.800.621.440.102.100",1,"Description: Heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders<br>comprising at least four recognized types, all having in common<br>varying degrees of hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes.<br>The two most common are the tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-<br>negative types.",""],["Piebaldism",284,0.0,"D016116","C17.800.621.440.102.600",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant, congenital disorder<br>characterized by localized hypomelanosis of the skin and hair.<br>The most familiar feature is a white forelock presenting in 80 to<br>90 percent of the patients. The underlying defect is possibly<br>related to the differentiation and migration of melanoblasts, as<br>well as to defective development of the neural crest<br>(neurocristopathy). Piebaldism may be closely related to<br>WAARDENBURG SYNDROME.",""],["Albinism, Ocular",325,0.0,"D016117","C17.800.621.440.102.090",0,"Description: Albinism affecting the eye in which pigment of the<br>hair and skin is normal or only slightly diluted. The classic<br>type is X-linked (Nettleship-Falls), but an autosomal recessive<br>form also exists. Ocular abnormalities may include reduced<br>pigmentation of the iris, nystagmus, photophobia, strabismus, and<br>decreased visual acuity.",""],["Dermatitis, Photoallergic",618,0.0,"D017454","C17.800.174.255.100.600",0,"Description: A delayed hypersensitivity involving the reaction<br>between sunlight or other radiant energy source and a chemical<br>substance to which the individual has been previously exposed and<br>sensitized. It manifests as a papulovesicular, eczematous, or<br>exudative dermatitis occurring chiefly on the light-exposed areas<br>of the skin.",""],["Dermatitis, Photoallergic",618,0.0,"D017454","C17.800.815.255.100.600",0,"Description: A delayed hypersensitivity involving the reaction<br>between sunlight or other radiant energy source and a chemical<br>substance to which the individual has been previously exposed and<br>sensitized. It manifests as a papulovesicular, eczematous, or<br>exudative dermatitis occurring chiefly on the light-exposed areas<br>of the skin.",""],["Dermatitis, Phototoxic",905,0.0,"D017484","C17.800.174.255.400.225",0,"Description: A nonimmunologic, chemically induced type of<br>photosensitivity producing a sometimes vesiculating dermatitis.<br>It results in hyperpigmentation and desquamation of the light-<br>exposed areas of the skin.",""],["Dermatitis, Phototoxic",905,0.0,"D017484","C17.800.815.255.400.225",0,"Description: A nonimmunologic, chemically induced type of<br>photosensitivity producing a sometimes vesiculating dermatitis.<br>It results in hyperpigmentation and desquamation of the light-<br>exposed areas of the skin.",""],["Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic",377,0.0,"D017488","C17.800.428.333.250.375",0,"Description: A form of congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant trait and characterized by ERYTHRODERMA and<br>severe hyperkeratosis. It is manifested at birth by blisters<br>followed by the appearance of thickened, horny, verruciform<br>scales over the entire body, but accentuated in flexural areas.<br>Mutations in the genes that encode KERATIN-1 and KERATIN-10 have<br>been associated with this disorder.",""],["Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic",377,0.0,"D017488","C17.800.804.512.400.375",0,"Description: A form of congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant trait and characterized by ERYTHRODERMA and<br>severe hyperkeratosis. It is manifested at birth by blisters<br>followed by the appearance of thickened, horny, verruciform<br>scales over the entire body, but accentuated in flexural areas.<br>Mutations in the genes that encode KERATIN-1 and KERATIN-10 have<br>been associated with this disorder.",""],["Ichthyosis, Lamellar",906,0.0,"D017490","C17.800.428.333.250.410",0,"Description: A chronic, congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal recessive trait. Infants are usually born encased in a<br>collodion membrane which sheds within a few weeks. Scaling is<br>generalized and marked with grayish-brown quadrilateral scales,<br>adherent at their centers and free at the edges. In some cases,<br>scales are so thick that they resemble armored plate.",""],["Ichthyosis, Lamellar",906,0.0,"D017490","C17.800.804.512.400.410",0,"Description: A chronic, congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal recessive trait. Infants are usually born encased in a<br>collodion membrane which sheds within a few weeks. Scaling is<br>generalized and marked with grayish-brown quadrilateral scales,<br>adherent at their centers and free at the edges. In some cases,<br>scales are so thick that they resemble armored plate.",""],["Lichen Planus, Oral",2473,0.0,"D017676","C17.800.859.475.560.397",0,"Description: Oral lesions accompanying cutaneous lichen planus or<br>often occurring alone. The buccal mucosa, lips, gingivae, floor<br>of the mouth, and palate are usually affected (in a descending<br>order of frequency). Typically, oral lesions consist of radiating<br>white or gray, velvety, threadlike lines, arranged in a reticular<br>pattern, at the intersection of which there may be minute, white,<br>elevated dots or streaks (Wickham's striae). (Jablonski,<br>Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry)",""],["Diabetic Foot",10873,0.2,"D017719","C17.800.893.592.450.200",0,"Description: Common foot problems in persons with DIABETES<br>MELLITUS, caused by any combination of factors such as DIABETIC<br>NEUROPATHIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; and INFECTION. With<br>the loss of sensation and poor circulation, injuries and<br>infections often lead to severe foot ulceration, GANGRENE and<br>AMPUTATION.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C17.800.827.080.100.400",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Epidermolytic",63,0.0,"D053546","C17.800.428.435.440.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant hereditary skin disease<br>characterized by epidermolytic hyperkeratosis that is strictly<br>confined to the palms and soles. It has been associated with<br>mutations in the gene that codes for KERATIN-9.",""],["Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Epidermolytic",63,0.0,"D053546","C17.800.827.475.440.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant hereditary skin disease<br>characterized by epidermolytic hyperkeratosis that is strictly<br>confined to the palms and soles. It has been associated with<br>mutations in the gene that codes for KERATIN-9.",""],["Angioedemas, Hereditary",1774,0.0,"D054179","C17.800.862.945.066.500",2,"Description: Inherited disorders that are characterized by<br>subcutaneous and submucosal EDEMA in the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Netherton Syndrome",195,0.0,"D056770","C17.800.428.333.250.705",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease with variable<br>expressions. Clinical features of the disease include variable<br>ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA, CONGENITAL; bamboo hair<br>(trichorrhexis invaginata); and ATOPIC DERMATITIS. The disease is<br>caused by mutations in the SPINK5 gene.",""],["Netherton Syndrome",195,0.0,"D056770","C17.800.804.512.400.705",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease with variable<br>expressions. Clinical features of the disease include variable<br>ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA, CONGENITAL; bamboo hair<br>(trichorrhexis invaginata); and ATOPIC DERMATITIS. The disease is<br>caused by mutations in the SPINK5 gene.",""],["Loose Anagen Hair Syndrome",43,0.0,"D058247","C17.800.329.937.122.348",0,"Description: Benign childhood alopecia that improves<br>spontaneously with aging. It is characterized by anagen hairs<br>(misshapen hair bulbs and absent inner and outer root sheaths),<br>thin, and sparse hairs that pulls out easily.",""],["Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis",33,0.0,"D060425","C17.800.838.208.416.375",0,"Description: CNS infections caused by neurotropic dematiaceous<br>fungi that contain melanin in their cell walls. The infections<br>often result in BRAIN ABSCESS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MENINGITIS in<br>patients who are often immunocompetent. The common causative<br>fungi include members Cladophialophora bantiana, Exophiala<br>dermatitidis, Rhinocladiella mackenziei, and Ochroconis<br>gallopavum. R. mackenziei infection is seen almost exclusively in<br>patients from the MIDDLE EAST.",""],["Alternariosis",110,0.0,"D060487","C17.800.838.208.416.125",0,"Description: Opportunistic fungal infection by a member of<br>ALTERNARIA genus.",""],["Fusariosis",500,0.0,"D060585","C17.800.838.208.416.500",0,"Description: OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS with the soil fungus<br>FUSARIUM. Typically the infection is limited to the nail plate<br>(ONYCHOMYCOSIS). The infection can however become systemic<br>especially in an IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST (e.g., NEUTROPENIA) and<br>results in cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions, fever, KERATITIS,<br>and pulmonary infections.",""],["Steatocystoma Multiplex",75,0.0,"D062685","C17.800.804.350.856.500",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by multiple, wide spread<br>cutaneous cysts that often become inflamed and rupture. It is<br>caused by the same mutations in the gene coding for KRT-17 that<br>are causative mutations for Pachyonychia congenita, Type 2. Natal<br>teeth involvement is sometimes associated with steatocystoma<br>multiplex.",""],["Steatocystoma Multiplex",75,0.0,"D062685","C17.800.827.250.856.500",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by multiple, wide spread<br>cutaneous cysts that often become inflamed and rupture. It is<br>caused by the same mutations in the gene coding for KRT-17 that<br>are causative mutations for Pachyonychia congenita, Type 2. Natal<br>teeth involvement is sometimes associated with steatocystoma<br>multiplex.",""],["Melanosis",7497,0.1,"D008548","C17.800.621.430.530",4,"Description: Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that<br>develop without preceding inflammatory disease.",""],["Acne Conglobata",18,0.0,"D000069316","C17.800.030.150.500",0,"Description: Severe and chronic form of acne characterized by<br>large, burrowing abscesses associated with disfigurement.",""],["Acne Conglobata",18,0.0,"D000069316","C17.800.794.111.500",0,"Description: Severe and chronic form of acne characterized by<br>large, burrowing abscesses associated with disfigurement.",""],["Unilateral Breast Neoplasms",347,0.0,"D000069584","C17.800.090.500.682",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer found specifically in one human<br>BREAST, but not in both.",""],["Breast Carcinoma In Situ",200,0.0,"D000071960","C17.800.090.500.130",0,"Description: A condition in which abnormal cells have not spread<br>outside the duct, lobule, or nipple to other tissues of the<br>breast. There are 3 types of breast carcinoma in situ: DUCTAL<br>CARCINOMA IN SITU; LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU; and PAGET DISEASE<br>OF THE NIPPLE.",""],["Chronic Urticaria",498,0.0,"D000080223","C17.800.862.945.533",0,"Description: Wheals (urticaria) and/or angioedema presented with<br>daily symptoms lasting for more than 6 weeks. It may be<br>classified into chronic spontaneous and chronic inducible<br>urticaria depending on whether a specific trigger can be linked<br>to the development of vascular reaction.",""],["Tinea cruris",4,0.0,"D000084002","C17.800.174.640.500",0,"Description: Fungal infection of the groin. The main causative<br>fungus is TRICHOPHYTON.",""],["Tinea cruris",4,0.0,"D000084002","C17.800.815.650.500",0,"Description: Fungal infection of the groin. The main causative<br>fungus is TRICHOPHYTON.",""],["Tinea",12210,0.2,"D014005","C17.800.838.208.883",5,"Description: Fungal infection of keratinized tissues such as<br>hair, skin and nails. The main causative fungi include<br>MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and EPIDERMOPHYTON.",""],["Acne Keloid",148,0.0,"D000153","C17.300.200.425.125",0,"Description: A type of acneiform disorder in which secondary<br>pyogenic infection in and around pilosebaceous structures ends in<br>keloidal scarring. It manifests as persistent folliculitis of the<br>back of the neck associated with occlusion of the follicular<br>orifices. It is most often encountered in black or Asian men.",""],["Acne Keloid",148,0.0,"D000153","C17.800.329.500.261",0,"Description: A type of acneiform disorder in which secondary<br>pyogenic infection in and around pilosebaceous structures ends in<br>keloidal scarring. It manifests as persistent folliculitis of the<br>back of the neck associated with occlusion of the follicular<br>orifices. It is most often encountered in black or Asian men.",""],["Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial",545,0.0,"D000197","C17.800.838.765.110",0,"Description: A form of ACTINOMYCOSIS characterized by slow-<br>growing inflammatory lesions of the lymph nodes that drain the<br>mouth (lumpy jaw), reddening of the overlying skin, and<br>intraperitoneal abscesses.",""],["Albinism",3234,0.0,"D000417","C17.800.621.440.102",4,"Description: General term for a number of inherited defects of<br>amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence<br>of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair.",""],["Alopecia",13085,0.2,"D000505","C17.800.329.937.122",3,"Description: Absence of hair from areas where it is normally<br>present.",""],["Angioedema",6458,0.1,"D000799","C17.800.862.945.066",3,"Description: Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or<br>submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema<br>often occurs in the face, lips, tongue, and larynx.",""],["Behcet Syndrome",10124,0.1,"D001528","C17.800.827.368.250",0,"Description: Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the<br>small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized<br>by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and<br>uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness<br>and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal<br>ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as<br>well.",""],["Blastomycosis",2496,0.0,"D001759","C17.800.838.208.055",0,"Description: A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1,<br>a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small<br>cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may<br>heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions<br>characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual<br>vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the<br>lung.",""],["Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous",526,0.0,"D002178","C17.800.838.208.165",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by development,<br>usually in infancy or childhood, of a chronic, often widespread<br>candidiasis of skin, nails, and mucous membranes. It may be<br>secondary to one of the immunodeficiency syndromes, inherited as<br>an autosomal recessive trait, or associated with defects in cell-<br>mediated immunity, endocrine disorders, dental stomatitis, or<br>malignancy.",""],["Candidiasis, Cutaneous",985,0.0,"D002179","C17.800.838.208.170",0,"Description: Candidiasis of the skin manifested as eczema-like<br>lesions of the interdigital spaces, perleche, or chronic<br>paronychia. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Caplan Syndrome",147,0.0,"D002205","C17.300.775.099.219",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS associated with a specific form of<br>pneumoconiosis, often in coal miners and asbestos workers.",""],["Staphylococcal Skin Infections",4900,0.1,"D013207","C17.800.838.765.770",4,"Description: Infections to the skin caused by bacteria of the<br>genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.",""],["Galactorrhea",1139,0.0,"D005687","C17.800.090.937.439",1,"Description: Excessive or inappropriate LACTATION in females or<br>males, and not necessarily related to PREGNANCY. Galactorrhea can<br>occur either unilaterally or bilaterally, and be profuse or<br>sparse. Its most common cause is HYPERPROLACTINEMIA.",""],["Chromoblastomycosis",1058,0.0,"D002862","C17.800.838.208.241",0,"Description: Scaly papule or warty growth, caused by five fungi,<br>that spreads as a result of satellite lesions affecting the foot<br>or leg. The extremity may become swollen and, at its distal<br>portion, covered with various nodular, tumorous, verrucous<br>lesions that resemble cauliflower. In rare instances, the disease<br>may begin on the hand or wrist and involve the entire upper<br>extremity. (Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the<br>Skin, 8th ed, p362)",""],["Warts",8987,0.1,"D014860","C17.800.838.790.810",3,"Description: Benign epidermal proliferations or tumors; some are<br>viral in origin.",""],["Dermatitis, Irritant",2724,0.0,"D017453","C17.800.174.255.400",2,"Description: A non-allergic contact dermatitis caused by<br>prolonged exposure to irritants and not explained by delayed<br>hypersensitivity mechanisms.",""],["Dermatitis, Irritant",2724,0.0,"D017453","C17.800.815.255.400",2,"Description: A non-allergic contact dermatitis caused by<br>prolonged exposure to irritants and not explained by delayed<br>hypersensitivity mechanisms.",""],["Ecthyma",364,0.0,"D004473","C17.800.838.765.210",0,"Description: An ulcerative pyoderma usually caused by group A<br>beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection at the site of minor<br>trauma. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome",474,0.0,"D004613","C17.800.804.350.398",0,"Description: Dwarfism occurring in association with defective<br>development of skin, hair, and teeth, polydactyly, and defect of<br>the cardiac septum. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome",474,0.0,"D004613","C17.800.827.250.398",0,"Description: Dwarfism occurring in association with defective<br>development of skin, hair, and teeth, polydactyly, and defect of<br>the cardiac septum. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Erysipelas",1181,0.0,"D004886","C17.800.838.765.260",0,"Description: An acute infection of the skin caused by species of<br>STREPTOCOCCUS. This disease most frequently affects infants,<br>young children, and the elderly. Characteristics include pink-to-<br>red lesions that spread rapidly and are warm to the touch. The<br>commonest site of involvement is the face.",""],["Tuberculosis, Cutaneous",4494,0.1,"D014382","C17.800.838.765.820",2,"Description: Tuberculosis of the skin. It includes scrofuloderma<br>and tuberculid, but not LUPUS VULGARIS.",""],["Erythema Nodosum",2554,0.0,"D004893","C17.800.174.600.375",0,"Description: An erythematous eruption commonly associated with<br>drug reactions or infection and characterized by inflammatory<br>nodules that are usually tender, multiple, and bilateral. These<br>nodules are located predominantly on the shins with less common<br>occurrence on the thighs and forearms. They undergo<br>characteristic color changes ending in temporary bruise-like<br>areas. This condition usually subsides in 3-6 weeks without<br>scarring or atrophy.",""],["Erythrasma",100,0.0,"D004894","C17.800.838.765.320",0,"Description: A chronic bacterial infection of major folds of the<br>skin, caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.",""],["Exanthema Subitum",381,0.0,"D005077","C17.800.838.790.290",0,"Description: An acute, short-lived, viral disease of infants and<br>young children characterized by a high fever at onset that drops<br>to normal after 3-4 days and the concomitant appearance of a<br>macular or maculopapular rash that appears first on the trunk and<br>then spreads to other areas. It is the sixth of the classical<br>exanthematous diseases and is caused by HHV-6; (HERPESVIRUS 6,<br>HUMAN). (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Felty Syndrome",620,0.0,"D005258","C17.300.775.099.389",0,"Description: A rare complication of rheumatoid arthritis with<br>autoimmune NEUTROPENIA; and SPLENOMEGALY.",""],["Focal Dermal Hypoplasia",311,0.0,"D005489","C17.800.804.350.424",0,"Description: A genetic skin disease characterized by hypoplasia<br>of the dermis, herniations of fat, and hand anomalies. It is<br>found exclusively in females and transmitted as an X-linked<br>dominant trait.",""],["Focal Dermal Hypoplasia",311,0.0,"D005489","C17.800.827.250.424",0,"Description: A genetic skin disease characterized by hypoplasia<br>of the dermis, herniations of fat, and hand anomalies. It is<br>found exclusively in females and transmitted as an X-linked<br>dominant trait.",""],["Fox-Fordyce Disease",148,0.0,"D005588","C17.800.946.492.285",0,"Description: Chronic pruritic disease, usually in women,<br>characterized by small follicular papular eruptions in APOCRINE<br>GLANDS areas. It is caused by obstruction and rupture of<br>intraepidermal apocrine ducts.",""],["Granuloma Inguinale",548,0.0,"D006100","C17.800.838.765.360",0,"Description: Anogenital ulcers caused by Calymmatobacterium<br>granulomatis as distinguished from lymphogranuloma inguinale (see<br>LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM) caused by CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.<br>Diagnosis is made by demonstration of typical intracellular<br>Donovan bodies in crushed-tissue smears.",""],["Herpes Simplex",13665,0.2,"D006561","C17.800.838.790.320",2,"Description: A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex<br>virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development<br>of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised<br>erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a<br>primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent<br>infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)",""],["Larva Migrans",904,0.0,"D007815","C17.800.838.775.424",0,"Description: Infections caused by nematode larvae which never<br>develop into the adult stage and migrate through various body<br>tissues. They commonly infect the skin, eyes, and viscera in man.<br>Ancylostoma brasiliensis causes cutaneous larva migrans. Toxocara<br>causes visceral larva migrans.",""],["Leishmaniasis",15855,0.2,"D007896","C17.800.838.775.560",3,"Description: A disease caused by any of a number of species of<br>protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical<br>types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World)<br>(LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS,<br>DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS),<br>and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).",""],["Lichen Planus",7375,0.1,"D008010","C17.800.859.475.560",1,"Description: An inflammatory, pruritic disease of the skin and<br>mucous membranes, which can be either generalized or localized.<br>It is characterized by distinctive purplish, flat-topped papules<br>having a predilection for the trunk and flexor surfaces. The<br>lesions may be discrete or coalesce to form plaques.<br>Histologically, there is a \"saw-tooth\" pattern of epidermal<br>hyperplasia and vacuolar alteration of the basal layer of the<br>epidermis along with an intense upper dermal inflammatory<br>infiltrate composed predominantly of T-cells. Etiology is<br>unknown.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis I",1841,0.0,"D008059","C17.300.550.575.640",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease caused by a<br>deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase (IDURONIDASE) and characterized<br>by progressive physical deterioration with urinary excretion of<br>DERMATAN SULFATE and HEPARAN SULFATE. There are three recognized<br>phenotypes representing a spectrum of clinical severity from<br>severe to mild: Hurler syndrome, Hurler-Scheie syndrome and<br>Scheie syndrome (formerly mucopolysaccharidosis V). Symptoms may<br>include DWARFISM; hepatosplenomegaly; thick, coarse facial<br>features with low nasal bridge; corneal clouding; cardiac<br>complications; and noisy breathing.",""],["Mycetoma",2289,0.0,"D008271","C17.800.838.208.557",0,"Description: A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused<br>by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes<br>(actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses,<br>and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens,<br>such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with<br>different grain colors.",""],["Mycetoma",2289,0.0,"D008271","C17.800.838.765.557",0,"Description: A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused<br>by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes<br>(actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses,<br>and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens,<br>such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with<br>different grain colors.",""],["Molluscum Contagiosum",1379,0.0,"D008976","C17.800.838.790.550",0,"Description: A common, benign, usually self-limited viral<br>infection of the skin and occasionally the conjunctivae by a<br>poxvirus (MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM VIRUS). (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis III",716,0.0,"D009084","C17.300.550.575.650",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by heparitin<br>sulfate in the urine, progressive mental retardation, mild<br>dwarfism, and other skeletal disorders. There are four clinically<br>indistinguishable but biochemically distinct forms, each due to a<br>deficiency of a different enzyme.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis IV",1056,0.0,"D009085","C17.300.550.575.655",0,"Description: Genetic disorder of mucopolysaccharide metabolism<br>characterized by skeletal abnormalities, joint instability,<br>development of cervical myelopathy, and excessive urinary keratan<br>sulfate. There are two biochemically distinct forms, each due to<br>a deficiency of a different enzyme.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis VI",462,0.0,"D009087","C17.300.550.575.670",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis with excessive CHONDROITIN<br>SULFATE B in urine, characterized by dwarfism and deafness. It is<br>caused by a deficiency of N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE-4-SULFATASE<br>(arylsulfatase B).",""],["Necrobiosis Lipoidica",729,0.0,"D009335","C17.300.200.495.545",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the dermal connective<br>tissue characterized by the development of erythematous papules<br>or nodules in the pretibial area. The papules form plaques<br>covered with telangiectatic vessels. More than half of the<br>affected patients have diabetes.",""],["Dermatitis, Occupational",7516,0.1,"D009783","C17.800.174.255.700",0,"Description: A recurrent contact dermatitis caused by substances<br>found in the work place.",""],["Dermatitis, Occupational",7516,0.1,"D009783","C17.800.815.255.700",0,"Description: A recurrent contact dermatitis caused by substances<br>found in the work place.",""],["Onchocerciasis",3643,0.1,"D009855","C17.800.838.775.690",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus ONCHOCERCA.<br>Characteristics include the presence of firm subcutaneous nodules<br>filled with adult worms, PRURITUS, and ocular lesions.",""],["Papillon-Lefevre Disease",415,0.0,"D010214","C17.800.428.435.600",0,"Description: Rare, autosomal recessive disorder occurring between<br>the first and fifth years of life. It is characterized by<br>palmoplantar keratoderma with periodontitis followed by the<br>premature shedding of both deciduous and permanent teeth.<br>Mutations in the gene for CATHEPSIN C have been associated with<br>this disease.",""],["Papillon-Lefevre Disease",415,0.0,"D010214","C17.800.827.475.600",0,"Description: Rare, autosomal recessive disorder occurring between<br>the first and fifth years of life. It is characterized by<br>palmoplantar keratoderma with periodontitis followed by the<br>premature shedding of both deciduous and permanent teeth.<br>Mutations in the gene for CATHEPSIN C have been associated with<br>this disease.",""],["Lice Infestations",2568,0.0,"D010373","C17.800.838.775.580",0,"Description: Parasitic attack or subsistence on the skin by<br>members of the order Phthiraptera, especially on humans by<br>Pediculus humanus of the family Pediculidae. The hair of the<br>head, eyelashes, and pubis is a frequent site of infestation.<br>(From Dorland, 28th ed; Stedman, 26th ed)",""],["Pinta",138,0.0,"D010874","C17.800.838.765.630",0,"Description: An infectious disease of the skin caused by<br>Treponema carateum that occurs only in the western hemisphere.<br>Age of onset is between 10 and 20 years of age. This condition is<br>characterized by marked changes in the skin color and is believed<br>to be transmitted by direct person-to-person contact.",""],["Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris",734,0.0,"D010916","C17.800.859.600.685",0,"Description: A chronic skin disease characterized by small<br>follicular papules, disseminated reddish-brown scaly patches, and<br>often, palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. The papules are about the<br>size of a pin and topped by a horny plug.",""],["Dermatitis, Allergic Contact",12964,0.2,"D017449","C17.800.174.255.100",2,"Description: A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization<br>to various substances. These substances subsequently produce<br>inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired<br>hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.",""],["Dermatitis, Allergic Contact",12964,0.2,"D017449","C17.800.815.255.100",2,"Description: A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization<br>to various substances. These substances subsequently produce<br>inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired<br>hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.",""],["Eczema, Dyshidrotic",264,0.0,"D011146","C17.800.174.620.300",0,"Description: A recurrent eczematous reaction characterized by the<br>development of vesicular eruptions on the palms and soles,<br>particularly along the sides and between the digits. It is<br>accompanied by pruritus, a burning sensation, and hyperhidrosis.<br>The disease is self-limiting, lasting only a few weeks. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Eczema, Dyshidrotic",264,0.0,"D011146","C17.800.815.620.300",0,"Description: A recurrent eczematous reaction characterized by the<br>development of vesicular eruptions on the palms and soles,<br>particularly along the sides and between the digits. It is<br>accompanied by pruritus, a burning sensation, and hyperhidrosis.<br>The disease is self-limiting, lasting only a few weeks. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Rheumatoid Nodule",694,0.0,"D012218","C17.300.775.099.683",0,"Description: Subcutaneous nodules seen in 20-30% of rheumatoid<br>arthritis patients. They may arise anywhere on the body, but are<br>most frequently found over the bony prominences. The nodules are<br>characterized histologically by dense areas of fibrinoid necrosis<br>with basophilic streaks and granules, surrounded by a palisade of<br>cells, mainly fibroblasts and histiocytes.",""],["Rhinoscleroma",812,0.0,"D012226","C17.800.838.765.705",0,"Description: A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA<br>RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not<br>limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of<br>the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and<br>the skin.",""],["Scabies",3715,0.1,"D012532","C17.800.838.775.800",0,"Description: A contagious cutaneous inflammation caused by the<br>bite of the mite SARCOPTES SCABIEI. It is characterized by<br>pruritic papular eruptions and burrows and affects primarily the<br>axillae, elbows, wrists, and genitalia, although it can spread to<br>cover the entire body.",""],["Serum Sickness",884,0.0,"D012713","C17.800.174.600.800",0,"Description: Immune complex disease caused by the administration<br>of foreign serum or serum proteins and characterized by fever,<br>lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, and urticaria. When they are<br>complexed to protein carriers, some drugs can also cause serum<br>sickness when they act as haptens inducing antibody responses.",""],["Sjogren's Syndrome",12815,0.2,"D012859","C17.300.775.099.774",0,"Description: Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which<br>the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction<br>by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production<br>of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca<br>syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and<br>XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the<br>presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid<br>arthritis.",""],["Sporotrichosis",1892,0.0,"D013174","C17.800.838.208.675",0,"Description: The commonest and least serious of the deep mycoses,<br>characterized by nodular lesions of the cutaneous and<br>subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by inhalation of contaminated<br>dust or by infection of a wound with SPOROTHRIX.",""],["Stevens-Johnson Syndrome",5762,0.1,"D013262","C17.800.174.600.900",0,"Description: Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive<br>KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal<br>involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g.,<br>antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA,<br>MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal<br>Necrolysis.",""],["Stevens-Johnson Syndrome",5762,0.1,"D013262","C17.800.229.400.683",0,"Description: Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive<br>KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal<br>involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g.,<br>antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA,<br>MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal<br>Necrolysis.",""],["Stevens-Johnson Syndrome",5762,0.1,"D013262","C17.800.865.475.683",0,"Description: Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive<br>KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal<br>involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g.,<br>antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA,<br>MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal<br>Necrolysis.",""],["Sweating, Gustatory",543,0.0,"D013547","C17.800.946.350.843",0,"Description: An autonomic disorder characterized by excessive<br>sweating of the forehead, upper lip, perioral region, or sternum<br>subsequent to gustatory stimuli. The auriculotemporal syndrome<br>features facial flushing or sweating limited to the distribution<br>of the auriculotemporal nerve and may develop after trauma to the<br>parotid gland, in association with PAROTID NEOPLASMS, or<br>following their surgical removal. (From Ann Neurol 1997<br>Dec;42(6):973-5)",""],["Syphilis, Cutaneous",945,0.0,"D013591","C17.800.838.765.790",0,"Description: Cutaneous lesions arising from infection with<br>Treponema pallidum. In the primary stage, 18-21 days following<br>infection, one or more chancres appear. If untreated, the<br>subsequent stages of the disease appear as syphilids. These<br>eruptions are superficial, nondestructive, exanthematic,<br>transient, macular roseolas that may later be maculopapular or<br>papular polymorphous or scaly, pustular, pigmented<br>eruptions.(Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the<br>Skin, 8th ed, p409)",""],["Tinea Favosa",240,0.0,"D014007","C17.800.738.708.708",0,"Description: A disease of the scalp that may affect the glabrous<br>skin and the nails and is recognized by the concave sulfur-yellow<br>crusts that form around loose, wiry hairs. Atrophy ensues,<br>leaving a smooth, glossy, thin, paper-white patch. This type of<br>disease is rare in the United States and more frequently seen in<br>the Middle East, Africa, Southeastern Europe, and other countries<br>bordering the Mediterranean Sea. (Arnold, Odom, and James,<br>Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p319)",""],["Tinea Pedis",1057,0.0,"D014008","C17.800.321.125.500",0,"Description: Dermatological pruritic lesion in the feet, caused<br>by Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton<br>floccosum.",""],["Tinea Versicolor",822,0.0,"D014010","C17.800.838.208.941",0,"Description: A common chronic, noninflammatory and usually<br>symptomless disorder, characterized by the occurrence of multiple<br>macular patches of all sizes and shapes, and varying in<br>pigmentation from fawn-colored to brown. It is seen most<br>frequently in hot, humid, tropical regions and is mostly caused<br>by MALASSEZIA FURFUR (formerly Pityrosporum orbiculare).",""],["Urticaria Pigmentosa",1158,0.0,"D014582","C17.800.882.356.850",0,"Description: The most common form of cutaneous mastocytosis<br>(MASTOCYTOSIS, CUTANEOUS) that occurs primarily in children. It<br>is characterized by the multiple small reddish-brown pigmented<br>pruritic macules and papules.",""],["Varicose Ulcer",4781,0.1,"D014647","C17.800.893.592.730",0,"Description: Skin breakdown or ulceration in the drainage area of<br>a VARICOSE VEIN, usually in the leg.",""],["Vitiligo",5863,0.1,"D014820","C17.800.621.440.895",0,"Description: A disorder consisting of areas of macular<br>depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on<br>the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in<br>young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually<br>with lesions enlarging and extending until a quiescent state is<br>reached.",""],["Yaws",825,0.0,"D015001","C17.800.838.765.910",0,"Description: A systemic non-venereal infection of the tropics<br>caused by TREPONEMA PALLIDUM subspecies pertenue.",""],["Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus",293,0.0,"D015435","C17.300.475.479.400",0,"Description: A type of lupus erythematosus characterized by deep<br>dermal or subcutaneous nodules, most often on the head, face, or<br>upper arms. It is generally chronic and occurs most often in<br>women between the ages of 20 and 45.",""],["Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus",293,0.0,"D015435","C17.800.480.479.400",0,"Description: A type of lupus erythematosus characterized by deep<br>dermal or subcutaneous nodules, most often on the head, face, or<br>upper arms. It is generally chronic and occurs most often in<br>women between the ages of 20 and 45.",""],["Arthritis, Psoriatic",7007,0.1,"D015535","C17.800.859.675.175",0,"Description: A type of inflammatory arthritis associated with<br>PSORIASIS, often involving the axial joints and the peripheral<br>terminal interphalangeal joints. It is characterized by the<br>presence of HLA-B27-associated SPONDYLARTHROPATHY, and the<br>absence of rheumatoid factor.",""],["Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Diffuse",256,0.0,"D015776","C17.800.428.435.440",1,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>widely distributed, well-demarcated hyperkeratosis of the palms<br>and soles. There is more than one genotypically distinct form,<br>each of which is clinically similar but histologically<br>distinguishable. Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma is distinct<br>from palmoplantar keratoderma (KERATODERMA, PALMOPLANTAR), as the<br>former exhibits autosomal dominant inheritance and hyperhidrosis<br>is frequently present.",""],["Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Diffuse",256,0.0,"D015776","C17.800.827.475.440",1,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a<br>widely distributed, well-demarcated hyperkeratosis of the palms<br>and soles. There is more than one genotypically distinct form,<br>each of which is clinically similar but histologically<br>distinguishable. Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma is distinct<br>from palmoplantar keratoderma (KERATODERMA, PALMOPLANTAR), as the<br>former exhibits autosomal dominant inheritance and hyperhidrosis<br>is frequently present.",""],["Erythema Chronicum Migrans",576,0.0,"D015787","C17.800.838.765.310",0,"Description: A deep type of gyrate erythema that follows a bite<br>by an ixodid tick; it is a stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE.<br>The site of the bite is characterized by a red papule that<br>expands peripherally as a nonscaling, palpable band that clears<br>centrally. This condition is often associated with systemic<br>symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea,<br>vomiting, fatigue, backache, and stiff neck.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita",566,0.0,"D016107","C17.800.804.493.080",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>trauma-induced, subepidermal blistering with no family history of<br>the disease. Direct immunofluorescence shows IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>deposited at the dermo-epidermal junction.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita",566,0.0,"D016107","C17.800.827.275.080",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>trauma-induced, subepidermal blistering with no family history of<br>the disease. Direct immunofluorescence shows IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>deposited at the dermo-epidermal junction.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita",566,0.0,"D016107","C17.800.865.410.080",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>trauma-induced, subepidermal blistering with no family history of<br>the disease. Direct immunofluorescence shows IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>deposited at the dermo-epidermal junction.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica",1285,0.0,"D016108","C17.800.804.493.160",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>atrophy of blistered areas, severe scarring, and nail changes. It<br>is most often present at birth or in early infancy and occurs in<br>both autosomal dominant and recessive forms. All forms of<br>dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa result from mutations in<br>COLLAGEN TYPE VII, a major component fibrils of BASEMENT MEMBRANE<br>and EPIDERMIS.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica",1285,0.0,"D016108","C17.800.827.275.160",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>atrophy of blistered areas, severe scarring, and nail changes. It<br>is most often present at birth or in early infancy and occurs in<br>both autosomal dominant and recessive forms. All forms of<br>dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa result from mutations in<br>COLLAGEN TYPE VII, a major component fibrils of BASEMENT MEMBRANE<br>and EPIDERMIS.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica",1285,0.0,"D016108","C17.800.865.410.160",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>atrophy of blistered areas, severe scarring, and nail changes. It<br>is most often present at birth or in early infancy and occurs in<br>both autosomal dominant and recessive forms. All forms of<br>dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa result from mutations in<br>COLLAGEN TYPE VII, a major component fibrils of BASEMENT MEMBRANE<br>and EPIDERMIS.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa, Junctional",441,0.0,"D016109","C17.800.804.493.170",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa having onset at birth<br>or during the neonatal period and transmitted through autosomal<br>recessive inheritance. It is characterized by generalized blister<br>formation, extensive denudation, and separation and cleavage of<br>the basal cell plasma membranes from the basement membrane.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa, Junctional",441,0.0,"D016109","C17.800.827.275.170",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa having onset at birth<br>or during the neonatal period and transmitted through autosomal<br>recessive inheritance. It is characterized by generalized blister<br>formation, extensive denudation, and separation and cleavage of<br>the basal cell plasma membranes from the basement membrane.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa, Junctional",441,0.0,"D016109","C17.800.865.410.170",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa having onset at birth<br>or during the neonatal period and transmitted through autosomal<br>recessive inheritance. It is characterized by generalized blister<br>formation, extensive denudation, and separation and cleavage of<br>the basal cell plasma membranes from the basement membrane.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex",532,0.0,"D016110","C17.800.804.493.180",0,"Description: A form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>serous bullae that heal without scarring. Mutations in the genes<br>that encode KERATIN-5 and KERATIN-14 have been associated with<br>several subtypes of epidermolysis bullosa simplex.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex",532,0.0,"D016110","C17.800.827.275.180",0,"Description: A form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>serous bullae that heal without scarring. Mutations in the genes<br>that encode KERATIN-5 and KERATIN-14 have been associated with<br>several subtypes of epidermolysis bullosa simplex.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex",532,0.0,"D016110","C17.800.865.410.180",0,"Description: A form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>serous bullae that heal without scarring. Mutations in the genes<br>that encode KERATIN-5 and KERATIN-14 have been associated with<br>several subtypes of epidermolysis bullosa simplex.",""],["Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome",278,0.0,"D016111","C17.800.428.333.723",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder<br>characterized by severe ichthyosis MENTAL RETARDATION; SPASTIC<br>PARAPLEGIA; and congenital ICHTHYOSIS. It is caused by mutation<br>of gene encoding microsomal fatty ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE leading<br>to defect in fatty alcohol metabolism.",""],["Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome",278,0.0,"D016111","C17.800.804.512.723",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder<br>characterized by severe ichthyosis MENTAL RETARDATION; SPASTIC<br>PARAPLEGIA; and congenital ICHTHYOSIS. It is caused by mutation<br>of gene encoding microsomal fatty ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE leading<br>to defect in fatty alcohol metabolism.",""],["Ichthyosis Vulgaris",160,0.0,"D016112","C17.800.428.333.410",0,"Description: Most common form of ICHTHYOSIS characterized by<br>prominent scaling especially on the exterior surfaces of the<br>extremities. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.",""],["Ichthyosis Vulgaris",160,0.0,"D016112","C17.800.804.512.410",0,"Description: Most common form of ICHTHYOSIS characterized by<br>prominent scaling especially on the exterior surfaces of the<br>extremities. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.",""],["Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital",1968,0.0,"D016113","C17.800.428.333.250",3,"Description: Designation for several severe forms of ichthyosis,<br>present at birth, that are characterized by hyperkeratotic<br>scaling. Infants may be born encased in a collodion membrane<br>which begins shedding within 24 hours. This is followed in about<br>two weeks by persistent generalized scaling. The forms include<br>bullous (HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC), non-bullous (ICHTHYOSIS,<br>LAMELLAR), wet type, and dry type.",""],["Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital",1968,0.0,"D016113","C17.800.804.512.400",3,"Description: Designation for several severe forms of ichthyosis,<br>present at birth, that are characterized by hyperkeratotic<br>scaling. Infants may be born encased in a collodion membrane<br>which begins shedding within 24 hours. This is followed in about<br>two weeks by persistent generalized scaling. The forms include<br>bullous (HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC), non-bullous (ICHTHYOSIS,<br>LAMELLAR), wet type, and dry type.",""],["Ichthyosis, X-Linked",240,0.0,"D016114","C17.800.428.333.420",0,"Description: Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a<br>sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and<br>transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe<br>scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with<br>steroid sulfatase deficiency.",""],["Ichthyosis, X-Linked",240,0.0,"D016114","C17.800.804.512.420",0,"Description: Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a<br>sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and<br>transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe<br>scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with<br>steroid sulfatase deficiency.",""],["Albinism, Oculocutaneous",1293,0.0,"D016115","C17.800.827.080.100",1,"Description: Heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders<br>comprising at least four recognized types, all having in common<br>varying degrees of hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes.<br>The two most common are the tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-<br>negative types.",""],["Piebaldism",284,0.0,"D016116","C17.800.827.080.600",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant, congenital disorder<br>characterized by localized hypomelanosis of the skin and hair.<br>The most familiar feature is a white forelock presenting in 80 to<br>90 percent of the patients. The underlying defect is possibly<br>related to the differentiation and migration of melanoblasts, as<br>well as to defective development of the neural crest<br>(neurocristopathy). Piebaldism may be closely related to<br>WAARDENBURG SYNDROME.",""],["Albinism, Ocular",325,0.0,"D016117","C17.800.827.080.090",0,"Description: Albinism affecting the eye in which pigment of the<br>hair and skin is normal or only slightly diluted. The classic<br>type is X-linked (Nettleship-Falls), but an autosomal recessive<br>form also exists. Ocular abnormalities may include reduced<br>pigmentation of the iris, nystagmus, photophobia, strabismus, and<br>decreased visual acuity.",""],["Granuloma Annulare",990,0.0,"D016460","C17.300.200.495.380",0,"Description: Benign granulomatous disease of unknown etiology<br>characterized by a ring of localized or disseminated papules or<br>nodules on the skin and palisading histiocytes surrounding<br>necrobiotic tissue resulting from altered collagen structures.",""],["Foot Ulcer",12536,0.2,"D016523","C17.800.893.592.450",1,"Description: Lesion on the surface of the skin of the foot,<br>usually accompanied by inflammation. The lesion may become<br>infected or necrotic and is frequently associated with diabetes<br>or leprosy.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis II",1142,0.0,"D016532","C17.300.550.575.645",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease marked by<br>progressive physical deterioration and caused by a deficiency of<br>L-sulfoiduronate sulfatase. This disease differs from<br>MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS I by slower progression, lack of corneal<br>clouding, and X-linked rather than autosomal recessive<br>inheritance. The mild form produces near-normal intelligence and<br>life span. The severe form usually causes death by age 15.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis VII",313,0.0,"D016538","C17.300.550.575.675",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by excessive<br>dermatan and heparan sulfates in the urine and Hurler-like<br>features. It is caused by a deficiency of beta-glucuronidase.",""],["Still's Disease, Adult-Onset",1785,0.0,"D016706","C17.300.775.099.870",0,"Description: Systemic-onset rheumatoid arthritis in adults. It<br>differs from classical rheumatoid arthritis in that it is more<br>often marked by acute febrile onset, and generalized<br>lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly are more prominent.",""],["Erythema Infectiosum",1099,0.0,"D016731","C17.800.838.790.260",0,"Description: Contagious infection with human B19 Parvovirus most<br>commonly seen in school age children and characterized by fever,<br>headache, and rashes of the face, trunk, and extremities. It is<br>often confused with RUBELLA.",""],["Angiomatosis, Bacillary",451,0.0,"D016917","C17.800.838.765.150",0,"Description: A reactive vascular proliferation that is<br>characterized by the multiple tumor-like lesions in skin, bone,<br>brain, and other organs. Bacillary angiomatosis is caused by<br>infection with gram-negative Bartonella bacilli (such as<br>BARTONELLA HENSELAE), and is often seen in AIDS patients and<br>other IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS.",""],["Porphyria, Acute Intermittent",1285,0.0,"D017118","C17.800.827.742.150",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of HYDROXYMETHYLBILANE SYNTHASE in the LIVER, the<br>third enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME.<br>Clinical features are recurrent and life-threatening neurologic<br>disturbances, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and elevated level of<br>AMINOLEVULINIC ACID and PORPHOBILINOGEN in the urine.",""],["Porphyria Cutanea Tarda",960,0.0,"D017119","C17.800.827.742.250",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant or acquired porphyria due to a<br>deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE in the LIVER. It is<br>characterized by photosensitivity and cutaneous lesions with<br>little or no neurologic symptoms. Type I is the acquired form and<br>is strongly associated with liver diseases and hepatic toxicities<br>caused by alcohol or estrogenic steroids. Type II is the familial<br>form.",""],["Porphyria, Hepatoerythropoietic",216,0.0,"D017121","C17.800.827.742.437",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive cutaneous porphyria that is<br>due to a deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE in both the<br>LIVER and the BONE MARROW. Similar to PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDA,<br>this disorder is caused by defects in the fifth enzyme in the<br>8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME, but is a homozygous enzyme<br>deficiency with less than 10% of the normal enzyme activity.<br>Cutaneous lesions are severe and mutilating.",""],["Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic",377,0.0,"D017488","C17.800.827.400.375",0,"Description: A form of congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant trait and characterized by ERYTHRODERMA and<br>severe hyperkeratosis. It is manifested at birth by blisters<br>followed by the appearance of thickened, horny, verruciform<br>scales over the entire body, but accentuated in flexural areas.<br>Mutations in the genes that encode KERATIN-1 and KERATIN-10 have<br>been associated with this disorder.",""],["Ichthyosis, Lamellar",906,0.0,"D017490","C17.800.827.400.410",0,"Description: A chronic, congenital ichthyosis inherited as an<br>autosomal recessive trait. Infants are usually born encased in a<br>collodion membrane which sheds within a few weeks. Scaling is<br>generalized and marked with grayish-brown quadrilateral scales,<br>adherent at their centers and free at the edges. In some cases,<br>scales are so thick that they resemble armored plate.",""],["Hidradenitis Suppurativa",3005,0.0,"D017497","C17.800.838.765.420",0,"Description: A chronic suppurative and cicatricial disease of the<br>apocrine glands occurring chiefly in the axillae in women and in<br>the groin and anal regions in men. It is characterized by poral<br>occlusion with secondary bacterial infection, evolving into<br>abscesses which eventually rupture. As the disease becomes<br>chronic, ulcers appear, sinus tracts enlarge, fistulas develop,<br>and fibrosis and scarring become evident.",""],["Hidradenitis Suppurativa",3005,0.0,"D017497","C17.800.946.315.320",0,"Description: A chronic suppurative and cicatricial disease of the<br>apocrine glands occurring chiefly in the axillae in women and in<br>the groin and anal regions in men. It is characterized by poral<br>occlusion with secondary bacterial infection, evolving into<br>abscesses which eventually rupture. As the disease becomes<br>chronic, ulcers appear, sinus tracts enlarge, fistulas develop,<br>and fibrosis and scarring become evident.",""],["Lichen Nitidus",194,0.0,"D017513","C17.800.859.475.545",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory disease characterized by<br>shiny, flat-topped, usually flesh-colored micropapules no larger<br>than the head of a pin. Lesions are localized in the early<br>stages, found chiefly on the lower abdomen, penis, and inner<br>surface of the thighs. Distribution may become generalized as the<br>disease progresses.",""],["Pityriasis Lichenoides",405,0.0,"D017514","C17.800.859.475.650",0,"Description: A subgroup of PARAPSORIASIS itself divided into<br>acute and chronic forms. The acute form is characterized by the<br>abrupt onset of a generalized, reddish-brown, maculopapular<br>eruption. Lesions may be vesicular, hemorrhagic, crusted, or<br>necrotic. Histologically the disease is characterized by<br>epidermal necrolysis. The chronic form shows milder skin changes<br>with necrosis.",""],["Pityriasis Lichenoides",405,0.0,"D017514","C17.800.859.575.650",0,"Description: A subgroup of PARAPSORIASIS itself divided into<br>acute and chronic forms. The acute form is characterized by the<br>abrupt onset of a generalized, reddish-brown, maculopapular<br>eruption. Lesions may be vesicular, hemorrhagic, crusted, or<br>necrotic. Histologically the disease is characterized by<br>epidermal necrolysis. The chronic form shows milder skin changes<br>with necrosis.",""],["Pityriasis Lichenoides",405,0.0,"D017514","C17.800.859.600.650",0,"Description: A subgroup of PARAPSORIASIS itself divided into<br>acute and chronic forms. The acute form is characterized by the<br>abrupt onset of a generalized, reddish-brown, maculopapular<br>eruption. Lesions may be vesicular, hemorrhagic, crusted, or<br>necrotic. Histologically the disease is characterized by<br>epidermal necrolysis. The chronic form shows milder skin changes<br>with necrosis.",""],["Pityriasis Rosea",441,0.0,"D017515","C17.800.859.600.675",0,"Description: A mild exanthematous inflammation of unknown<br>etiology. It is characterized by the presence of salmon-colored<br>maculopapular lesions. The most striking feature is the<br>arrangement of the lesions such that the long axis is parallel to<br>the lines of cleavage. The eruptions are usually generalized,<br>affecting chiefly the trunk, and the course is often self-<br>limiting.",""],["CREST Syndrome",258,0.0,"D017675","C17.300.799.801.500",0,"Description: A mild form of LIMITED SCLERODERMA, a multi-system<br>disorder. Its features include symptoms of CALCINOSIS; RAYNAUD<br>DISEASE; ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS; sclerodactyly, and<br>TELANGIECTASIS. When the defect in esophageal function is not<br>prominent, it is known as CRST syndrome.",""],["CREST Syndrome",258,0.0,"D017675","C17.800.784.801.500",0,"Description: A mild form of LIMITED SCLERODERMA, a multi-system<br>disorder. Its features include symptoms of CALCINOSIS; RAYNAUD<br>DISEASE; ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS; sclerodactyly, and<br>TELANGIECTASIS. When the defect in esophageal function is not<br>prominent, it is known as CRST syndrome.",""],["Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast",14334,0.2,"D018270","C17.800.090.500.390",0,"Description: An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary<br>ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.",""],["Carcinoma, Lobular",4562,0.1,"D018275","C17.800.090.500.437",0,"Description: A type of BREAST CANCER where the abnormal malignant<br>cells form in the lobules, or milk-producing glands, of the<br>breast.",""],["Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear",2532,0.0,"D018424","C17.800.428.260.300",0,"Description: A mass of KERATIN-producing squamous EPITHELIUM that<br>resembles an inverted (suck-in) bag of skin in the MIDDLE EAR. It<br>arises from the eardrum (TYMPANIC MEMBRANE) and grows into the<br>MIDDLE EAR causing erosion of EAR OSSICLES and MASTOID that<br>contains the INNER EAR.",""],["Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus",1288,0.0,"D018459","C17.800.859.475.605",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease usually<br>affecting the female genitalia (VULVAR LICHEN SCLEROSUS) and<br>BALANITIS XEROTICA OBLITERANS in males. It is also called white<br>spot disease and Csillag's disease.",""],["Breast Neoplasms, Male",2913,0.0,"D018567","C17.800.090.500.260",0,"Description: Any neoplasms of the male breast. These occur<br>infrequently in males in developed countries, the incidence being<br>about 1% of that in females.",""],["Neurocutaneous Syndromes",1033,0.0,"D020752","C17.800.804.350.712",0,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by ectodermal-<br>based malformations and neoplastic growths in the skin, nervous<br>system, and other organs.",""],["Neurocutaneous Syndromes",1033,0.0,"D020752","C17.800.827.250.712",0,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by ectodermal-<br>based malformations and neoplastic growths in the skin, nervous<br>system, and other organs.",""],["HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome",1111,0.0,"D039682","C17.800.849.391.400",0,"Description: Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution<br>in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be<br>multifactorial and probably involves some combination of<br>infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of<br>antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.",""],["Coproporphyria, Hereditary",75,0.0,"D046349","C17.800.827.742.074",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of COPROPORPHYRINOGEN OXIDASE in the LIVER, the sixth<br>enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME. Clinical<br>features include both neurological symptoms and cutaneous<br>lesions. Patients excrete increased levels of porphyrin<br>precursors, 5-AMINOLEVULINATE and COPROPORPHYRINS.",""],["Porphyria, Variegate",101,0.0,"D046350","C17.800.827.742.625",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.4) in the<br>LIVER, the seventh enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of<br>HEME. Clinical features include both neurological symptoms and<br>cutaneous lesions. Patients excrete increased levels of porphyrin<br>precursors, COPROPORPHYRINS and protoporphyrinogen.",""],["Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic",367,0.0,"D046351","C17.800.827.742.812",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of FERROCHELATASE (heme synthetase) in both the LIVER<br>and the BONE MARROW, the last enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic<br>pathway of HEME. Clinical features include mainly neurological<br>symptoms, rarely cutaneous lesions, and elevated levels of<br>protoporphyrin and COPROPORPHYRINS in the feces.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial",172,0.0,"D052496","C17.800.849.391.700",0,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by the partial<br>loss of ADIPOSE TISSUE, either confined to the extremities with<br>normal or increased fat deposits on the face, neck and trunk<br>(type 1), or confined to the loss of SUBCUTANEOUS FAT from the<br>limbs and trunk (type 2). Type 3 is associated with mutation in<br>the gene encoding PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR<br>GAMMA.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized",257,0.0,"D052497","C17.800.849.391.550",0,"Description: Congenital disorders, usually autosomal recessive,<br>characterized by severe generalized lack of ADIPOSE TISSUE,<br>extreme INSULIN RESISTANCE, and HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic",252,0.0,"D053358","C17.800.804.350.198",0,"Description: An X-linked form of ectodermal dysplasia which<br>results from mutations of the gene encoding ECTODYSPLASIN.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic",252,0.0,"D053358","C17.800.827.250.198",0,"Description: An X-linked form of ectodermal dysplasia which<br>results from mutations of the gene encoding ECTODYSPLASIN.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 3, Anhidrotic",9,0.0,"D053359","C17.800.804.350.298",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ectodermal dysplasia<br>which is due to mutations in the gene for the EDAR RECEPTOR.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia 3, Anhidrotic",9,0.0,"D053359","C17.800.827.250.298",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ectodermal dysplasia<br>which is due to mutations in the gene for the EDAR RECEPTOR.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia, Hypohidrotic, Autosomal Recessive",46,0.0,"D053360","C17.800.804.350.348",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive form of ectodermal dysplasia<br>which is due to mutations in the gene for the EDAR RECEPTOR or<br>EDAR-ASSOCIATED DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia, Hypohidrotic, Autosomal Recessive",46,0.0,"D053360","C17.800.827.250.348",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive form of ectodermal dysplasia<br>which is due to mutations in the gene for the EDAR RECEPTOR or<br>EDAR-ASSOCIATED DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN.",""],["Pachyonychia Congenita",309,0.0,"D053549","C17.800.804.350.856",1,"Description: A group of inherited ectodermal dysplasias whose<br>most prominent clinical feature is hypertrophic nail dystrophy<br>resulting in PACHYONYCHIA. Several specific subtypes of<br>pachyonychia congenita have been associated with mutations in<br>genes that encode KERATINS.",""],["Pachyonychia Congenita",309,0.0,"D053549","C17.800.827.250.856",1,"Description: A group of inherited ectodermal dysplasias whose<br>most prominent clinical feature is hypertrophic nail dystrophy<br>resulting in PACHYONYCHIA. Several specific subtypes of<br>pachyonychia congenita have been associated with mutations in<br>genes that encode KERATINS.",""],["Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens",10,0.0,"D053560","C17.800.428.333.330",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ichthyosis<br>characterized by generalized reddening of the skin (ERYTHEMA) and<br>widespread blistering. The disease shows similar, but somewhat<br>milder, clinical and histopathological findings to those in<br>HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC and is associated with the gene<br>that encodes KERATIN-2A.",""],["Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens",10,0.0,"D053560","C17.800.804.512.405",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ichthyosis<br>characterized by generalized reddening of the skin (ERYTHEMA) and<br>widespread blistering. The disease shows similar, but somewhat<br>milder, clinical and histopathological findings to those in<br>HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC and is associated with the gene<br>that encodes KERATIN-2A.",""],["Mastocytoma, Skin",80,0.0,"D054705","C17.800.882.356.500",0,"Description: A variant of cutaneous mastocytosis which occurs as<br>a single lesion usually in infants. It is found mostly in the<br>wrist and trunk and there is no atypical cytomorphology.",""],["Tracheomalacia",258,0.0,"D055090","C17.300.182.895.500",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the TRACHEA. This results in a<br>floppy tracheal wall making patency difficult to maintain. It is<br>characterized by wheezing and difficult breathing.",""],["Bronchomalacia",89,0.0,"D055091","C17.300.182.895.249",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the BRONCHI. This results in a<br>floppy bronchial wall making patency difficult to maintain. It is<br>characterized by wheezing and difficult breathing.",""],["Muir-Torre Syndrome",199,0.0,"D055653","C17.800.794.712.500",0,"Description: A form of LYNCH SYNDROME II associated with<br>cutaneous SEBACEOUS GLAND NEOPLASMS. Muir-Torre syndrome is also<br>associated with other visceral malignant diseases include<br>colorectal, endometrial, urological, and upper gastrointestinal<br>neoplasms.",""],["Muir-Torre Syndrome",199,0.0,"D055653","C17.800.882.712.500",0,"Description: A form of LYNCH SYNDROME II associated with<br>cutaneous SEBACEOUS GLAND NEOPLASMS. Muir-Torre syndrome is also<br>associated with other visceral malignant diseases include<br>colorectal, endometrial, urological, and upper gastrointestinal<br>neoplasms.",""],["Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis",506,0.0,"D056150","C17.800.174.600.174",0,"Description: Rare skin eruption characterized by acute formation<br>of pustules filled with NEUTROPHILS, fever, and peripheral blood<br>LEUKOCYTOSIS. Most cases are associated with the use of<br>antibiotics (e.g., BETA-LACTAMS).",""],["Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes",527,0.0,"D056587","C17.800.827.368.500",0,"Description: A group of rare autosomal dominant diseases,<br>commonly characterized by atypical URTICARIA (hives) with<br>systemic symptoms that develop into end-organ damage. The<br>atypical hives do not involve T-cell or autoantibody. Cryopyrin-<br>associated periodic syndrome includes three previously distinct<br>disorders: Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome; Muckle-Wells<br>Syndrome; and CINCA Syndrome, that are now considered to<br>represent a disease continuum, all caused by NLRP3 PROTEIN<br>mutations.",""],["Rheumatoid Vasculitis",72,0.0,"D056653","C17.300.775.099.728",0,"Description: Necrotizing VASCULITIS of small and medium size<br>vessels, developing as a complication in RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS<br>patients. It is characterized by peripheral vascular lesions,<br>cutaneous ULCERS, peripheral GANGRENE, and MONONEURITIS<br>MULTIPLEX.",""],["Digital Dermatitis",221,0.0,"D058066","C17.800.838.765.180",0,"Description: Highly contagious infectious dermatitis with lesions<br>near the interdigital spaces usually in cattle. It causes<br>discomfort and often severe lameness (LAMENESS, ANIMAL). Lesions<br>can be either erosive or proliferative and wart-like with<br>papillary growths and hypertrophied hairs. DICHELOBACTER NODOSUS<br>and TREPONEMA are the most commonly associated causative agents<br>for this mixed bacterial infection disease.",""],["Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma",134,0.0,"D058252","C17.300.200.495.772",0,"Description: A cutaneous necrobiotic disorder characterized by<br>firm, yellow plaques or nodules, often in a periorbital<br>distribution. It is often accompanied by an elevated ERYTHROCYTE<br>SEDIMENTATION RATE; LEUKOPENIA; and MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY (IgG-<br>kappa type) and systemic involvement.",""],["Granulomatous Mastitis",436,0.0,"D058890","C17.800.090.968.400",0,"Description: A rare, benign, inflammatory breast disease<br>occurring in premenopausal women shortly after a recent<br>pregnancy. The origin is unknown but it is commonly mistaken for<br>malignancy and sometimes associated with BREAST FEEDING and the<br>use of ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.",""],["Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms",672,0.0,"D058922","C17.800.090.500.576",0,"Description: Metastatic breast cancer characterized by EDEMA and<br>ERYTHEMA of the affected breast due to LYMPHATIC METASTASIS and<br>eventual obstruction of LYMPHATIC VESSELS by the cancer cells.",""],["Lobomycosis",65,0.0,"D060368","C17.800.838.208.475",0,"Description: A chronic, fungal, subcutaneous infection endemic in<br>rural regions in South America and Central America. The causal<br>organism is Lacazia labol.",""],["Hyalohyphomycosis",677,0.0,"D060605","C17.800.838.208.416",3,"Description: OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS caused by a heterogeneous<br>group of MITOSPORIC FUNGI with clear (hyalo-) HYPHAE in the host.<br>Common causative agents include ACREMONIUM; ASPERGILLUS;<br>CHRYSOSPORIUM; FUSARIUM; PAECILOMYCES; PENICILLIUM;<br>PSEUDALLESCHERIA; SCEDOSPORIUM; and SCOPULARIOPSIS. Normally a<br>dermatomycoses, it can become invasive in the IMMUNOCOMPROMISED<br>HOST.",""],["Hand-Foot Syndrome",292,0.0,"D060831","C17.800.174.600.587",0,"Description: Chemotherapy-induced dermal side effects that are<br>associated with the use of various CYTOSTATIC AGENTS. Symptoms<br>range from mild ERYTHEMA and/or PARESTHESIA to severe ulcerative<br>dermatitis with debilitating pain involving typically<br>palmoplantar and intertriginous areas. These cutaneous<br>manifestations are sometimes accompanied by nail anomalies.",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C17.800.090.500.483",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Steatocystoma Multiplex",75,0.0,"D062685","C17.800.529.594.500",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by multiple, wide spread<br>cutaneous cysts that often become inflamed and rupture. It is<br>caused by the same mutations in the gene coding for KRT-17 that<br>are causative mutations for Pachyonychia congenita, Type 2. Natal<br>teeth involvement is sometimes associated with steatocystoma<br>multiplex.",""],["Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome",920,0.0,"D063926","C17.800.174.600.262",0,"Description: Severe drug eruption characterized by high fever,<br>erythematous rash and inflammation of internal organ(s).",""],["Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms",7989,0.1,"D064726","C17.800.090.500.788",0,"Description: Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN<br>RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU<br>RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.",""],["Nicolau Syndrome",71,0.0,"D065148","C17.800.174.600.693",0,"Description: An uncommon complication of INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION<br>leading to variable degrees of necrosis of skin and underlying<br>tissue.",""],["Acantholysis",627,0.0,"D000051","C17.800.865.070",0,"Description: Separation of the prickle cells of the stratum<br>spinosum of the epidermis, resulting in atrophy of the prickle<br>cell layer. It is seen in diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris<br>(see PEMPHIGUS) and DARIER DISEASE.",""],["Hyperpigmentation",10760,0.2,"D017495","C17.800.621.430",5,"Description: Excessive pigmentation of the skin, usually as a<br>result of increased epidermal or dermal melanin pigmentation,<br>hypermelanosis. Hyperpigmentation can be localized or<br>generalized. The condition may arise from exposure to light,<br>chemicals or other substances, or from a primary metabolic<br>imbalance.",""],["Acne Vulgaris",10797,0.2,"D000152","C17.800.030.150",1,"Description: A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus<br>associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is<br>characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones<br>(whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but<br>heredity and age are predisposing factors.",""],["Acne Vulgaris",10797,0.2,"D000152","C17.800.794.111",1,"Description: A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus<br>associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is<br>characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones<br>(whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but<br>heredity and age are predisposing factors.",""],["Breast Neoplasms",346322,4.9,"D001943","C17.800.090.500",8,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.",""],["Familial Multiple Lipomatosis",6,0.0,"D000071070","C17.800.463.375",0,"Description: A rare autosomal disorder characterized by numerous<br>encapsulated lipomas on the trunk and extremities. The lipomas<br>are usually not painful but can cause pain when growing. In rare<br>cases, one lipoma can become painful and progress to multiple<br>painful lipomas; it is then referred to as Dercum's Disease Type<br>III",""],["Fibromatosis, Plantar",37,0.0,"D000071380","C17.800.321.063",0,"Description: A fibromatosis of the plantar fascia characterized<br>by thickening of the fibrous bands on the plantar aponeurosis in<br>the sole of the foot and toes.",""],["Myopericytoma",32,0.0,"D000077777","C17.300.680.770",0,"Description: Rare myofibroma-like perivascular soft tissue tumor,<br>usually benign, characterized by concentric perivascular<br>proliferation.",""],["Urticaria",17140,0.2,"D014581","C17.800.862.945",5,"Description: A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by<br>erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of<br>vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy,<br>infection, or stress.",""],["Intertrigo",239,0.0,"D007402","C17.800.174.640",1,"Description: A superficial dermatitis occurring on skin surfaces<br>in contact with each other, such as the axillae, neck creases,<br>intergluteal fold, between the toes, etc. Obesity is a<br>predisposing factor. The condition is caused by moisture and<br>friction and is characterized by erythema, maceration, burning,<br>and exudation.",""],["Intertrigo",239,0.0,"D007402","C17.800.815.650",1,"Description: A superficial dermatitis occurring on skin surfaces<br>in contact with each other, such as the axillae, neck creases,<br>intergluteal fold, between the toes, etc. Obesity is a<br>predisposing factor. The condition is caused by moisture and<br>friction and is characterized by erythema, maceration, burning,<br>and exudation.",""],["Dermatomycoses",31178,0.4,"D003881","C17.800.838.208",18,"Description: Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages<br>by any of various fungi.",""],["Erythema Ab Igne",2,0.0,"D000089965","C17.800.229.100",0,"Description: A cutaneous finding caused by prolonged heat<br>exposure (e.g., space heater) and local heat injury (e.g., caused<br>by LASER THERAPY). It is characterized by epidermal atrophy,<br>reticular hyperpigmentation, and telangiectatic dermatosis.",""],["Livedoid Vasculopathy",3,0.0,"D000090122","C17.800.862.406",0,"Description: A rare cutaneous thrombotic disease due to occlusion<br>of dermal vessels. It is characterized by purpuric maculae and<br>ulcerations especially during summer which form scars called<br>atrophie blanche. It is more associated with other syndromes<br>(e.g., PROTEIN C DEFICIENCY; HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA).",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia",5787,0.1,"D004476","C17.800.804.350",8,"Description: A group of hereditary disorders involving tissues<br>and structures derived from the embryonic ectoderm. They are<br>characterized by the presence of abnormalities at birth and<br>involvement of both the epidermis and skin appendages. They are<br>generally nonprogressive and diffuse. Various forms exist,<br>including anhidrotic and hidrotic dysplasias, FOCAL DERMAL<br>HYPOPLASIA, and aplasia cutis congenita.",""],["Ectodermal Dysplasia",5787,0.1,"D004476","C17.800.827.250",8,"Description: A group of hereditary disorders involving tissues<br>and structures derived from the embryonic ectoderm. They are<br>characterized by the presence of abnormalities at birth and<br>involvement of both the epidermis and skin appendages. They are<br>generally nonprogressive and diffuse. Various forms exist,<br>including anhidrotic and hidrotic dysplasias, FOCAL DERMAL<br>HYPOPLASIA, and aplasia cutis congenita.",""],["Keloid",3830,0.1,"D007627","C17.300.200.425",1,"Description: A sharply elevated, irregularly shaped,<br>progressively enlarging scar resulting from formation of<br>excessive amounts of collagen in the dermis during connective<br>tissue repair. It is differentiated from a hypertrophic scar<br>(CICATRIX, HYPERTROPHIC) in that the former does not spread to<br>surrounding tissues.",""],["Acne Keloid",148,0.0,"D000153","C17.800.030.030",0,"Description: A type of acneiform disorder in which secondary<br>pyogenic infection in and around pilosebaceous structures ends in<br>keloidal scarring. It manifests as persistent folliculitis of the<br>back of the neck associated with occlusion of the follicular<br>orifices. It is most often encountered in black or Asian men.",""],["Folliculitis",2043,0.0,"D005499","C17.800.329.500",1,"Description: Inflammation of follicles, primarily hair follicles.",""],["Acrodermatitis",2019,0.0,"D000169","C17.800.174.100",0,"Description: Inflammation involving the skin of the extremities,<br>especially the hands and feet. Several forms are known, some<br>idiopathic and some hereditary. The infantile form is called<br>Gianotti-Crosti syndrome.",""],["Acrodermatitis",2019,0.0,"D000169","C17.800.804.066",0,"Description: Inflammation involving the skin of the extremities,<br>especially the hands and feet. Several forms are known, some<br>idiopathic and some hereditary. The infantile form is called<br>Gianotti-Crosti syndrome.",""],["Skin Diseases, Bacterial",25362,0.4,"D017192","C17.800.838.765",22,"Description: Skin diseases caused by bacteria.",""],["Adiposis Dolorosa",188,0.0,"D000274","C17.800.463.249",0,"Description: A rare disease characterized by multiple tumor-like<br>fatty deposits that press on nerves in various sites causing pain<br>and weakness. Often these lipoma-like structures are located on<br>the trunk and limbs but not on the face and hands.",""],["Hypopigmentation",10607,0.2,"D017496","C17.800.621.440",6,"Description: A condition caused by a deficiency or a loss of<br>melanin pigmentation in the epidermis, also known as<br>hypomelanosis. Hypopigmentation can be localized or generalized,<br>and may result from genetic defects, trauma, inflammation, or<br>infections.",""],["Albinism",3234,0.0,"D000417","C17.800.827.080",4,"Description: General term for a number of inherited defects of<br>amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence<br>of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair.",""],["Hypotrichosis",13726,0.2,"D007039","C17.800.329.937",4,"Description: Presence of less than the normal amount of hair.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Mucinosis, Follicular",282,0.0,"D000507","C17.300.550.550",0,"Description: A disease of the pilosebaceous unit, presenting<br>clinically as grouped follicular papules or plaques with<br>associated hair loss. It is caused by mucinous infiltration of<br>tissues, and usually involving the scalp, face, and neck. It may<br>be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to mycosis fungoides or<br>reticulosis.",""],["Mucinosis, Follicular",282,0.0,"D000507","C17.800.794.550",0,"Description: A disease of the pilosebaceous unit, presenting<br>clinically as grouped follicular papules or plaques with<br>associated hair loss. It is caused by mucinous infiltration of<br>tissues, and usually involving the scalp, face, and neck. It may<br>be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to mycosis fungoides or<br>reticulosis.",""],["Argyria",460,0.0,"D001129","C17.800.621.166",0,"Description: A permanent ashen-gray discoloration of the skin,<br>conjunctiva, and internal organs resulting from long-continued<br>use of silver salts. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Arthritis, Juvenile",10866,0.2,"D001171","C17.300.775.049",0,"Description: Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of<br>age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile<br>idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for<br>chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile<br>arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive)<br>clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered<br>its childhood equivalent.",""],["Arthritis, Rheumatoid",112114,1.6,"D001172","C17.300.775.099",6,"Description: A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints,<br>marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and<br>articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the<br>collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and<br>rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but<br>autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.",""],["Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases",11539,0.2,"D056660","C17.800.827.368",2,"Description: Hereditary inflammation conditions, characterized by<br>recurrent episodes of systemic inflammation. Common symptoms<br>include recurrent fever, rash, arthritis, fatigue, and secondary<br>AMYLOIDOSIS. Hereditary autoinflammatory diseases are associated<br>with mutations in genes involved in regulation of normal<br>inflammatory process and are not caused by AUTOANTIBODIES, or<br>antigen specific T-LYMPHOCYTES.",""],["Behcet Syndrome",10124,0.1,"D001528","C17.800.862.150",0,"Description: Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the<br>small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized<br>by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and<br>uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness<br>and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal<br>ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as<br>well.",""],["Blister",3331,0.0,"D001768","C17.800.865.187",0,"Description: Visible accumulations of fluid within or beneath the<br>epidermis.",""],["Callosities",521,0.0,"D002145","C17.800.428.200",0,"Description: Localized hyperplasia of the horny layer of the<br>epidermis due to pressure or friction. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Lactation Disorders",3041,0.0,"D007775","C17.800.090.937",2,"Description: Disturbances of MILK secretion in either SEX, not<br>necessarily related to PREGNANCY.",""],["Cholesteatoma",5536,0.1,"D002781","C17.800.428.260",1,"Description: A non-neoplastic mass of keratin-producing squamous<br>EPITHELIUM, frequently occurring in the MENINGES; bones of the<br>skull, and most commonly in the MIDDLE EAR and MASTOID region.<br>Cholesteatoma can be congenital or acquired. Cholesteatoma is not<br>a tumor nor is it associated with high CHOLESTEROL.",""],["Skin Diseases, Viral",26425,0.4,"D017193","C17.800.838.790",10,"Description: Skin diseases caused by viruses.",""],["Cutis Laxa",765,0.0,"D003483","C17.800.827.180",0,"Description: A group of connective tissue diseases in which skin<br>hangs in loose pendulous folds. It is believed to be associated<br>with decreased elastic tissue formation as well as an abnormality<br>in elastin formation. Cutis laxa is usually a genetic disease,<br>but acquired cases have been reported. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Pressure Ulcer",12561,0.2,"D003668","C17.800.893.665",0,"Description: An ulceration caused by prolonged pressure on the<br>SKIN and TISSUES when one stays in one position for a long period<br>of time, such as lying in bed. The bony areas of the body are the<br>most frequently affected sites which become ischemic (ISCHEMIA)<br>under sustained and constant pressure.",""],["Dermatitis, Exfoliative",2329,0.0,"D003873","C17.800.174.318",0,"Description: The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly,<br>erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or<br>reactive process to an underlying cutaneous disorder (e.g.,<br>atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.), or as a primary or<br>idiopathic disease. It is often associated with the loss of hair<br>and nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and pruritus.<br>(From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Dermatitis, Exfoliative",2329,0.0,"D003873","C17.800.815.318",0,"Description: The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly,<br>erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or<br>reactive process to an underlying cutaneous disorder (e.g.,<br>atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.), or as a primary or<br>idiopathic disease. It is often associated with the loss of hair<br>and nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and pruritus.<br>(From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Dermatitis Herpetiformis",2338,0.0,"D003874","C17.800.174.360",0,"Description: Rare, chronic, papulo-vesicular disease<br>characterized by an intensely pruritic eruption consisting of<br>various combinations of symmetrical, erythematous, papular,<br>vesicular, or bullous lesions. The disease is strongly associated<br>with the presence of HLA-B8 and HLA-DR3 antigens. A variety of<br>different autoantibodies has been detected in small numbers in<br>patients with dermatitis herpetiformis.",""],["Dermatitis Herpetiformis",2338,0.0,"D003874","C17.800.865.360",0,"Description: Rare, chronic, papulo-vesicular disease<br>characterized by an intensely pruritic eruption consisting of<br>various combinations of symmetrical, erythematous, papular,<br>vesicular, or bullous lesions. The disease is strongly associated<br>with the presence of HLA-B8 and HLA-DR3 antigens. A variety of<br>different autoantibodies has been detected in small numbers in<br>patients with dermatitis herpetiformis.",""],["Drug Eruptions",22176,0.3,"D003875","C17.800.174.600",7,"Description: Adverse cutaneous reactions caused by ingestion,<br>parenteral use, or local application of a drug. These may assume<br>various morphologic patterns and produce various types of<br>lesions.",""],["Dermatitis, Atopic",21392,0.3,"D003876","C17.800.174.193",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory genetically determined<br>disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin<br>(IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and<br>asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for<br>pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and<br>crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee.<br>In infants it is known as infantile eczema.",""],["Dermatitis, Atopic",21392,0.3,"D003876","C17.800.815.193",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory genetically determined<br>disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin<br>(IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and<br>asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for<br>pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and<br>crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee.<br>In infants it is known as infantile eczema.",""],["Dermatitis, Atopic",21392,0.3,"D003876","C17.800.827.210",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory genetically determined<br>disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin<br>(IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and<br>asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for<br>pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and<br>crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee.<br>In infants it is known as infantile eczema.",""],["Dermatitis, Contact",36438,0.5,"D003877","C17.800.174.255",7,"Description: A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which<br>sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or<br>substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve<br>allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.",""],["Dermatitis, Contact",36438,0.5,"D003877","C17.800.815.255",7,"Description: A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which<br>sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or<br>substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve<br>allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.",""],["Ecthyma",364,0.0,"D004473","C17.800.695.210",0,"Description: An ulcerative pyoderma usually caused by group A<br>beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection at the site of minor<br>trauma. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Eczema",8970,0.1,"D004485","C17.800.174.620",1,"Description: A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a<br>reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th<br>ed).",""],["Eczema",8970,0.1,"D004485","C17.800.815.620",1,"Description: A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a<br>reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th<br>ed).",""],["Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome",3454,0.0,"D004535","C17.300.200.310",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of autosomally inherited<br>COLLAGEN DISEASES caused by defects in the synthesis or structure<br>of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are numerous subtypes: classical,<br>hypermobility, vascular, and others. Common clinical features<br>include hyperextensible skin and joints, skin fragility and<br>reduced wound healing capability.",""],["Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome",3454,0.0,"D004535","C17.800.804.428",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of autosomally inherited<br>COLLAGEN DISEASES caused by defects in the synthesis or structure<br>of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are numerous subtypes: classical,<br>hypermobility, vascular, and others. Common clinical features<br>include hyperextensible skin and joints, skin fragility and<br>reduced wound healing capability.",""],["Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome",3454,0.0,"D004535","C17.800.827.260",0,"Description: A heterogeneous group of autosomally inherited<br>COLLAGEN DISEASES caused by defects in the synthesis or structure<br>of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are numerous subtypes: classical,<br>hypermobility, vascular, and others. Common clinical features<br>include hyperextensible skin and joints, skin fragility and<br>reduced wound healing capability.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa",5691,0.1,"D004820","C17.800.804.493",4,"Description: Group of genetically determined disorders<br>characterized by the blistering of skin and mucosae. There are<br>four major forms: acquired, simple, junctional, and dystrophic.<br>Each of the latter three has several varieties.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa",5691,0.1,"D004820","C17.800.827.275",4,"Description: Group of genetically determined disorders<br>characterized by the blistering of skin and mucosae. There are<br>four major forms: acquired, simple, junctional, and dystrophic.<br>Each of the latter three has several varieties.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa",5691,0.1,"D004820","C17.800.865.410",4,"Description: Group of genetically determined disorders<br>characterized by the blistering of skin and mucosae. There are<br>four major forms: acquired, simple, junctional, and dystrophic.<br>Each of the latter three has several varieties.",""],["Erythema Induratum",242,0.0,"D004891","C17.300.710.329",0,"Description: A type of panniculitis characterized histologically<br>by the presence of granulomas, vasculitis, and necrosis. It is<br>traditionally considered to be the tuberculous counterpart of<br>nodular vasculitis, but is now known to occur without tuberculous<br>precedent. It is seen most commonly in adolescent and menopausal<br>women, is initiated or exacerbated by cold weather, and typically<br>presents as one or more recurrent erythrocyanotic nodules or<br>plaques on the calves. The nodules may progress to form<br>indurations, ulcerations, and scars.",""],["Erythema Induratum",242,0.0,"D004891","C17.800.229.329",0,"Description: A type of panniculitis characterized histologically<br>by the presence of granulomas, vasculitis, and necrosis. It is<br>traditionally considered to be the tuberculous counterpart of<br>nodular vasculitis, but is now known to occur without tuberculous<br>precedent. It is seen most commonly in adolescent and menopausal<br>women, is initiated or exacerbated by cold weather, and typically<br>presents as one or more recurrent erythrocyanotic nodules or<br>plaques on the calves. The nodules may progress to form<br>indurations, ulcerations, and scars.",""],["Erythema Induratum",242,0.0,"D004891","C17.800.566.329",0,"Description: A type of panniculitis characterized histologically<br>by the presence of granulomas, vasculitis, and necrosis. It is<br>traditionally considered to be the tuberculous counterpart of<br>nodular vasculitis, but is now known to occur without tuberculous<br>precedent. It is seen most commonly in adolescent and menopausal<br>women, is initiated or exacerbated by cold weather, and typically<br>presents as one or more recurrent erythrocyanotic nodules or<br>plaques on the calves. The nodules may progress to form<br>indurations, ulcerations, and scars.",""],["Erythema Multiforme",8190,0.1,"D004892","C17.800.229.400",1,"Description: A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by<br>an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae<br>with characteristic \"bull's-eye\" lesions usually occurring on the<br>dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.",""],["Erythema Multiforme",8190,0.1,"D004892","C17.800.865.475",1,"Description: A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by<br>an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae<br>with characteristic \"bull's-eye\" lesions usually occurring on the<br>dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.",""],["Erythema Nodosum",2554,0.0,"D004893","C17.800.229.413",0,"Description: An erythematous eruption commonly associated with<br>drug reactions or infection and characterized by inflammatory<br>nodules that are usually tender, multiple, and bilateral. These<br>nodules are located predominantly on the shins with less common<br>occurrence on the thighs and forearms. They undergo<br>characteristic color changes ending in temporary bruise-like<br>areas. This condition usually subsides in 3-6 weeks without<br>scarring or atrophy.",""],["Exanthema Subitum",381,0.0,"D005077","C17.800.257.335",0,"Description: An acute, short-lived, viral disease of infants and<br>young children characterized by a high fever at onset that drops<br>to normal after 3-4 days and the concomitant appearance of a<br>macular or maculopapular rash that appears first on the trunk and<br>then spreads to other areas. It is the sixth of the classical<br>exanthematous diseases and is caused by HHV-6; (HERPESVIRUS 6,<br>HUMAN). (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Fibrocystic Breast Disease",1954,0.0,"D005348","C17.800.090.750",0,"Description: A common and benign breast disease characterized by<br>varying degree of fibrocystic changes in the breast tissue. There<br>are three major patterns of morphological changes, including<br>FIBROSIS, formation of CYSTS, and proliferation of glandular<br>tissue (adenosis). The fibrocystic breast has a dense irregular,<br>lumpy, bumpy consistency.",""],["Foot Dermatoses",5014,0.1,"D005533","C17.800.321.125",1,"Description: Skin diseases of the foot, general or unspecified.",""],["Miliaria",394,0.0,"D008883","C17.800.946.492",1,"Description: A syndrome of cutaneous changes associated with<br>sweat retention and extravasation of sweat at different levels in<br>the skin. Miliaria rubra, or prickly heat, results from apocrine<br>duct obstruction. The sweat then seeps into the epidermis,<br>producing pruritic erythematous papulovesicles. (From Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Gynecomastia",2736,0.0,"D006177","C17.800.090.875",0,"Description: Enlargement of the BREAST in the males, caused by an<br>excess of ESTROGENS. Physiological gynecomastia is normally<br>observed in NEWBORNS; ADOLESCENT; and AGING males.",""],["Pemphigoid Gestationis",485,0.0,"D006559","C17.800.865.700",0,"Description: An itching, autoimmune, bullous SKIN disease that<br>occurs during the last two trimesters of PREGNANCY and<br>PUERPERIUM. It also affects non-pregnant females with tissue of<br>PLACENTA origin, such as CHORIOCARCINOMA; or HYDATIDIFORM MOLE.<br>It exhibits antigenic and clinical similarity to bullous<br>pemphigoid (PEMPHIGOID, BULLOUS). This disease does not involve<br>herpes viruses (old name, herpes gestationis).",""],["Hirsutism",2780,0.0,"D006628","C17.800.329.750",0,"Description: A condition observed in WOMEN and CHILDREN when<br>there is excess coarse body hair of an adult male distribution<br>pattern, such as facial and chest areas. It is the result of<br>elevated ANDROGENS from the OVARIES, the ADRENAL GLANDS, or<br>exogenous sources. The concept does not include HYPERTRICHOSIS,<br>which is an androgen-independent excessive hair growth.",""],["Hydroa Vacciniforme",237,0.0,"D006837","C17.800.600.425",0,"Description: A vesicular and bullous eruption having a tendency<br>to recur in summer during childhood and commonly appearing on<br>sun-exposed skin. The lesions are surrounded by an erythematous<br>zone and resemble a vaccination. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hydroa Vacciniforme",237,0.0,"D006837","C17.800.865.575",0,"Description: A vesicular and bullous eruption having a tendency<br>to recur in summer during childhood and commonly appearing on<br>sun-exposed skin. The lesions are surrounded by an erythematous<br>zone and resemble a vaccination. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hyperhidrosis",3585,0.1,"D006945","C17.800.946.350",1,"Description: Excessive sweating. In the localized type, the most<br>frequent sites are the palms, soles, axillae, inguinal folds, and<br>the perineal area. Its chief cause is thought to be emotional.<br>Generalized hyperhidrosis may be induced by a hot, humid<br>environment, by fever, or by vigorous exercise.",""],["Hypertrichosis",1412,0.0,"D006983","C17.800.329.875",0,"Description: Excessive hair growth at inappropriate locations,<br>such as on the extremities, the head, and the back. It is caused<br>by genetic or acquired factors, and is an androgen-independent<br>process. This concept does not include HIRSUTISM which is an<br>androgen-dependent excess hair growth in WOMEN and CHILDREN.",""],["Hypohidrosis",814,0.0,"D007007","C17.800.946.370",0,"Description: Abnormally diminished or absent perspiration. Both<br>generalized and segmented (reduced or absent sweating in<br>circumscribed locations) forms of the disease are usually<br>associated with other underlying conditions.",""],["Ichthyosis",5737,0.1,"D007057","C17.800.428.333",8,"Description: Any of several generalized skin disorders<br>characterized by dryness, roughness, and scaliness, due to<br>hypertrophy of the stratum corneum epidermis. Most are genetic,<br>but some are acquired, developing in association with other<br>systemic disease or genetic syndrome.",""],["Ichthyosis",5737,0.1,"D007057","C17.800.804.512",8,"Description: Any of several generalized skin disorders<br>characterized by dryness, roughness, and scaliness, due to<br>hypertrophy of the stratum corneum epidermis. Most are genetic,<br>but some are acquired, developing in association with other<br>systemic disease or genetic syndrome.",""],["Immersion Foot",151,0.0,"D007102","C17.800.321.500",0,"Description: A condition of the feet produced by prolonged<br>exposure of the feet to water. Exposure for 48 hours or more to<br>warm water causes tropical immersion foot or warm-water immersion<br>foot common in Vietnam where troops were exposed to prolonged or<br>repeated wading in paddy fields or streams. Trench foot results<br>from prolonged exposure to cold, without actual freezing. It was<br>common in trench warfare during World War I, when soldiers stood,<br>sometimes for hours, in trenches with a few inches of cold water<br>in them. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p27)",""],["Incontinentia Pigmenti",815,0.0,"D007184","C17.800.621.497",0,"Description: A genodermatosis occurring mostly in females and<br>characterized by skin changes in three phases - vesiculobullous,<br>verrucous papillomatous, and macular melanodermic.<br>Hyperpigmentation is bizarre and irregular. Sixty percent of<br>patients have abnormalities of eyes, teeth, central nervous<br>system, and skin appendages.",""],["Incontinentia Pigmenti",815,0.0,"D007184","C17.800.804.580",0,"Description: A genodermatosis occurring mostly in females and<br>characterized by skin changes in three phases - vesiculobullous,<br>verrucous papillomatous, and macular melanodermic.<br>Hyperpigmentation is bizarre and irregular. Sixty percent of<br>patients have abnormalities of eyes, teeth, central nervous<br>system, and skin appendages.",""],["Incontinentia Pigmenti",815,0.0,"D007184","C17.800.827.420",0,"Description: A genodermatosis occurring mostly in females and<br>characterized by skin changes in three phases - vesiculobullous,<br>verrucous papillomatous, and macular melanodermic.<br>Hyperpigmentation is bizarre and irregular. Sixty percent of<br>patients have abnormalities of eyes, teeth, central nervous<br>system, and skin appendages.",""],["Darier Disease",1805,0.0,"D007644","C17.800.428.275",0,"Description: An autosomal dominantly inherited skin disorder<br>characterized by warty malodorous papules that coalesce into<br>plaques. It is caused by mutations in the ATP2A2 gene encoding<br>SERCA2 protein, one of the SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-<br>TRANSPORTING ATPASES. The condition is similar, clinically and<br>histologically, to BENIGN FAMILIAL PEMPHIGUS, another autosomal<br>dominant skin disorder. Both diseases have defective calcium<br>pumps (CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES) and unstable desmosomal<br>adhesion junctions (DESMOSOMES) between KERATINOCYTES.",""],["Darier Disease",1805,0.0,"D007644","C17.800.827.190",0,"Description: An autosomal dominantly inherited skin disorder<br>characterized by warty malodorous papules that coalesce into<br>plaques. It is caused by mutations in the ATP2A2 gene encoding<br>SERCA2 protein, one of the SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-<br>TRANSPORTING ATPASES. The condition is similar, clinically and<br>histologically, to BENIGN FAMILIAL PEMPHIGUS, another autosomal<br>dominant skin disorder. Both diseases have defective calcium<br>pumps (CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES) and unstable desmosomal<br>adhesion junctions (DESMOSOMES) between KERATINOCYTES.",""],["Keratoderma, Palmoplantar",2826,0.0,"D007645","C17.800.428.435",3,"Description: Group of mostly hereditary disorders characterized<br>by thickening of the palms and soles as a result of excessive<br>keratin formation leading to hypertrophy of the stratum corneum<br>(hyperkeratosis).",""],["Keratoderma, Palmoplantar",2826,0.0,"D007645","C17.800.827.475",3,"Description: Group of mostly hereditary disorders characterized<br>by thickening of the palms and soles as a result of excessive<br>keratin formation leading to hypertrophy of the stratum corneum<br>(hyperkeratosis).",""],["Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome",881,0.0,"D007706","C17.800.329.968",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of copper metabolism<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the<br>infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia,<br>SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and<br>severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper<br>transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes<br>results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several<br>copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE;<br>CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes<br>include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis.<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)",""],["Skin Diseases, Parasitic",28414,0.4,"D012876","C17.800.838.775",8,"Description: Skin diseases caused by ARTHROPODS; HELMINTHS; or<br>other parasites.",""],["Leg Ulcer",24995,0.4,"D007871","C17.800.893.592",3,"Description: Ulceration of the skin and underlying structures of<br>the lower extremity. About 90% of the cases are due to venous<br>insufficiency (VARICOSE ULCER), 5% to arterial disease, and the<br>remaining 5% to other causes.",""],["Lichenoid Eruptions",10338,0.1,"D017512","C17.800.859.475",5,"Description: Conditions in which there is histological damage to<br>the lower epidermis along with a grouped chronic inflammatory<br>infiltrate in the papillary dermis disturbing the interface<br>between the epidermis and dermis. LICHEN PLANUS is the prototype<br>of all lichenoid eruptions. (From Rook et al., Textbook of<br>Dermatology, 4th ed, p398)",""],["Mucopolysaccharidoses",7295,0.1,"D009083","C17.300.550.575",6,"Description: Group of lysosomal storage diseases each caused by<br>an inherited deficiency of an enzyme involved in the degradation<br>of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). The diseases are<br>progressive and often display a wide spectrum of clinical<br>severity within one enzyme deficiency.",""],["Lipodystrophy",4650,0.1,"D008060","C17.800.849.391",3,"Description: A collection of heterogenous conditions resulting<br>from defective LIPID METABOLISM and characterized by ADIPOSE<br>TISSUE atrophy. Often there is redistribution of body fat<br>resulting in peripheral fat wasting and central adiposity. They<br>include generalized, localized, congenital, and acquired<br>lipodystrophy.",""],["Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical",684,0.0,"D008069","C17.800.463.500",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the growth of<br>unencapsulated masses of ADIPOSE TISSUE symmetrically deposited<br>around the neck, shoulders, or other sites around the body.",""],["Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid",2798,0.0,"D008179","C17.300.475.479",1,"Description: A chronic form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus<br>(LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, CUTANEOUS) in which the skin lesions mimic<br>those of the systemic form but in which systemic signs are rare.<br>It is characterized by the presence of discoid skin plaques<br>showing varying degrees of edema, erythema, scaliness, follicular<br>plugging, and skin atrophy. Lesions are surrounded by an elevated<br>erythematous border. The condition typically involves the face<br>and scalp, but widespread dissemination may occur.",""],["Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid",2798,0.0,"D008179","C17.800.480.479",1,"Description: A chronic form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus<br>(LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, CUTANEOUS) in which the skin lesions mimic<br>those of the systemic form but in which systemic signs are rare.<br>It is characterized by the presence of discoid skin plaques<br>showing varying degrees of edema, erythema, scaliness, follicular<br>plugging, and skin atrophy. Lesions are surrounded by an elevated<br>erythematous border. The condition typically involves the face<br>and scalp, but widespread dissemination may occur.",""],["Lupus Nephritis",6841,0.1,"D008181","C17.300.480.680",0,"Description: Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune<br>disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is<br>histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal<br>glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III -<br>focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse<br>glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous<br>glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing<br>glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification<br>1982).",""],["Mastitis",4373,0.1,"D008413","C17.800.090.968",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND.",""],["Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome",7667,0.1,"D009080","C17.800.862.560",0,"Description: An acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition<br>accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes in infants and<br>young children. The principal symptoms are fever, congestion of<br>the ocular conjunctivae, reddening of the lips and oral cavity,<br>protuberance of tongue papillae, and edema or erythema of the<br>extremities.",""],["Myxedema",3016,0.0,"D009230","C17.300.550.590",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a dry, waxy type of<br>swelling (EDEMA) with abnormal deposits of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in<br>the SKIN and other tissues. It is caused by a deficiency of<br>THYROID HORMONES. The skin becomes puffy around the eyes and on<br>the cheeks. The face is dull and expressionless with thickened<br>nose and lips.",""],["Nail-Patella Syndrome",485,0.0,"D009261","C17.800.529.400",0,"Description: A syndrome of multiple abnormalities characterized<br>by the absence or hypoplasia of the PATELLA and congenital nail<br>dystrophy. It is a genetically determined autosomal dominant<br>trait.",""],["Nails, Ingrown",815,0.0,"D009263","C17.800.529.406",0,"Description: Excessive lateral nail growth into the nail fold.<br>Because the lateral margin of the nail acts as a foreign body,<br>inflammation and granulation may result. It is caused by<br>improperly fitting shoes and by improper trimming of the nail.",""],["Necrobiotic Disorders",1992,0.0,"D017441","C17.300.200.495",3,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by swelling,<br>basophilia, and distortion of collagen bundles in the dermis.",""],["Necrobiosis Lipoidica",729,0.0,"D009335","C17.800.550.545",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the dermal connective<br>tissue characterized by the development of erythematous papules<br>or nodules in the pretibial area. The papules form plaques<br>covered with telangiectatic vessels. More than half of the<br>affected patients have diabetes.",""],["Necrobiosis Lipoidica",729,0.0,"D009335","C17.800.849.495",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the dermal connective<br>tissue characterized by the development of erythematous papules<br>or nodules in the pretibial area. The papules form plaques<br>covered with telangiectatic vessels. More than half of the<br>affected patients have diabetes.",""],["Nephritis, Hereditary",1911,0.0,"D009394","C17.300.200.517",0,"Description: A group of inherited conditions characterized<br>initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome<br>(hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by<br>mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR<br>BASEMENT MEMBRANE.",""],["Neurodermatitis",1197,0.0,"D009450","C17.800.174.660",0,"Description: An extremely variable eczematous skin disease that<br>is presumed to be a response to prolonged vigorous scratching,<br>rubbing, or pinching to relieve intense pruritus. It varies in<br>intensity, severity, course, and morphologic expression in<br>different individuals. Neurodermatitis is believed by some to be<br>psychogenic. The circumscribed or localized form is often<br>referred to as lichen simplex chronicus.",""],["Neurodermatitis",1197,0.0,"D009450","C17.800.815.660",0,"Description: An extremely variable eczematous skin disease that<br>is presumed to be a response to prolonged vigorous scratching,<br>rubbing, or pinching to relieve intense pruritus. It varies in<br>intensity, severity, course, and morphologic expression in<br>different individuals. Neurodermatitis is believed by some to be<br>psychogenic. The circumscribed or localized form is often<br>referred to as lichen simplex chronicus.",""],["Osteochondritis",4897,0.1,"D010007","C17.300.182.520",0,"Description: Inflammation of a bone and its overlaying CARTILAGE.",""],["Osteogenesis Imperfecta",4926,0.1,"D010013","C17.300.200.540",0,"Description: COLLAGEN DISEASES characterized by brittle,<br>osteoporotic, and easily fractured bones. It may also present<br>with blue sclerae, loose joints, and imperfect dentin formation.<br>Most types are autosomal dominant and are associated with<br>mutations in COLLAGEN TYPE I.",""],["Panniculitis, Nodular Nonsuppurative",932,0.0,"D010201","C17.300.710.500",0,"Description: A form of panniculitis characterized by recurrent<br>episodes of fever accompanied by the eruption of single or<br>multiple erythematous subcutaneous nodules on the lower<br>extremities. They normally resolve, but tend to leave depressions<br>in the skin. The condition is most often seen in women, alone or<br>in association with other disorders.",""],["Panniculitis, Nodular Nonsuppurative",932,0.0,"D010201","C17.800.566.500",0,"Description: A form of panniculitis characterized by recurrent<br>episodes of fever accompanied by the eruption of single or<br>multiple erythematous subcutaneous nodules on the lower<br>extremities. They normally resolve, but tend to leave depressions<br>in the skin. The condition is most often seen in women, alone or<br>in association with other disorders.",""],["Parakeratosis",273,0.0,"D010241","C17.800.428.736",0,"Description: Persistence of the nuclei of the keratinocytes into<br>the stratum corneum of the skin. This is a normal state only in<br>the epithelium of true mucous membranes in the mouth and vagina.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Parapsoriasis",1056,0.0,"D010267","C17.800.859.575",1,"Description: The term applied to a group of relatively uncommon<br>inflammatory, maculopapular, scaly eruptions of unknown etiology<br>and resistant to conventional treatment. Eruptions are both<br>psoriatic and lichenoid in appearance, but the diseases are<br>distinct from psoriasis, lichen planus, or other recognized<br>dermatoses. Proposed nomenclature divides parapsoriasis into two<br>distinct subgroups, PITYRIASIS LICHENOIDES and parapsoriasis en<br>plaques (small- and large-plaque parapsoriasis).",""],["Paronychia",827,0.0,"D010304","C17.800.529.639",0,"Description: An inflammatory reaction involving the folds of the<br>skin surrounding the fingernail. It is characterized by acute or<br>chronic purulent, tender, and painful swellings of the tissues<br>around the nail, caused by an abscess of the nail fold. The<br>pathogenic yeast causing paronychia is most frequently Candida<br>albicans. Saprophytic fungi may also be involved. The causative<br>bacteria are usually Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or<br>Streptococcus. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p271)",""],["Paronychia",827,0.0,"D010304","C17.800.838.486",0,"Description: An inflammatory reaction involving the folds of the<br>skin surrounding the fingernail. It is characterized by acute or<br>chronic purulent, tender, and painful swellings of the tissues<br>around the nail, caused by an abscess of the nail fold. The<br>pathogenic yeast causing paronychia is most frequently Candida<br>albicans. Saprophytic fungi may also be involved. The causative<br>bacteria are usually Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or<br>Streptococcus. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p271)",""],["Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane",1332,0.0,"D010390","C17.800.865.670",0,"Description: A chronic blistering disease with predilection for<br>mucous membranes and less frequently the skin, and with a<br>tendency to scarring. It is sometimes called ocular pemphigoid<br>because of conjunctival mucous membrane involvement.",""],["Pemphigoid, Bullous",4060,0.1,"D010391","C17.800.865.690",0,"Description: A chronic and relatively benign subepidermal<br>blistering disease usually of the elderly and without<br>histopathologic acantholysis.",""],["Pemphigus",8371,0.1,"D010392","C17.800.865.716",0,"Description: Group of chronic blistering diseases characterized<br>histologically by ACANTHOLYSIS and blister formation within the<br>EPIDERMIS.",""],["Polyarteritis Nodosa",5178,0.1,"D010488","C17.800.862.625",0,"Description: A form of necrotizing non-granulomatous inflammation<br>occurring primarily in medium-sized ARTERIES, often with<br>microaneurysms. It is characterized by muscle, joint, and<br>abdominal pain resulting from arterial infarction and scarring in<br>affected organs. Polyarteritis nodosa with lung involvement is<br>called CHURG-STRAUSS SYNDROME.",""],["Piedra",107,0.0,"D010854","C17.800.329.992",0,"Description: Either of two diseases resulting from fungal<br>infection of the hair shafts. Black piedra occurs mainly in and<br>on the hairs of the scalp and is caused by Piedraia hortae; white<br>piedra occurs in and on the hairs of the scalp, beard, moustache<br>and genital areas and is caused by Trichosporon species.",""],["Pityriasis",2195,0.0,"D010915","C17.800.859.600",3,"Description: A name originally applied to a group of skin<br>diseases characterized by the formation of fine, branny scales,<br>but now used only with a modifier. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome",512,0.0,"D011038","C17.800.804.775",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive syndrome occurring<br>principally in females, characterized by the presence of<br>reticulated, atrophic, hyperpigmented, telangiectatic cutaneous<br>plaques, often accompanied by juvenile cataracts, saddle nose,<br>congenital bone defects, disturbances in the growth of HAIR;<br>NAILS; and TEETH; and HYPOGONADISM.",""],["Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome",512,0.0,"D011038","C17.800.827.775",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive syndrome occurring<br>principally in females, characterized by the presence of<br>reticulated, atrophic, hyperpigmented, telangiectatic cutaneous<br>plaques, often accompanied by juvenile cataracts, saddle nose,<br>congenital bone defects, disturbances in the growth of HAIR;<br>NAILS; and TEETH; and HYPOGONADISM.",""],["Polychondritis, Relapsing",1563,0.0,"D011081","C17.300.182.531",0,"Description: An acquired disease of unknown etiology, chronic<br>course, and tendency to recur. It is characterized by<br>inflammation and degeneration of cartilage and can result in<br>deformities such as floppy ear and saddle nose. Loss of cartilage<br>in the respiratory tract can lead to respiratory obstruction.",""],["Polymyalgia Rheumatica",2609,0.0,"D011111","C17.300.775.720",0,"Description: A syndrome in the elderly characterized by proximal<br>joint and muscle pain, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and a<br>self-limiting course. Pain is usually accompanied by evidence of<br>an inflammatory reaction. Women are affected twice as commonly as<br>men and Caucasians more frequently than other groups. The<br>condition is frequently associated with GIANT CELL ARTERITIS and<br>some theories pose the possibility that the two diseases arise<br>from a single etiology or even that they are the same entity.",""],["Eczema, Dyshidrotic",264,0.0,"D011146","C17.800.865.385",0,"Description: A recurrent eczematous reaction characterized by the<br>development of vesicular eruptions on the palms and soles,<br>particularly along the sides and between the digits. It is<br>accompanied by pruritus, a burning sensation, and hyperhidrosis.<br>The disease is self-limiting, lasting only a few weeks. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Pruritus Ani",450,0.0,"D011538","C17.800.685.544",0,"Description: Intense chronic itching in the anal area.",""],["Pruritus Vulvae",351,0.0,"D011539","C17.800.685.710",0,"Description: Intense itching of the external female genitals.",""],["Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum",1687,0.0,"D011561","C17.800.804.766",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of connective tissue with<br>extensive degeneration and calcification of ELASTIC TISSUE<br>primarily in the skin, eye, and vasculature. At least two forms<br>exist, autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. This disorder<br>is caused by mutations of one of the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE<br>TRANSPORTERS. Patients are predisposed to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum",1687,0.0,"D011561","C17.800.827.750",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of connective tissue with<br>extensive degeneration and calcification of ELASTIC TISSUE<br>primarily in the skin, eye, and vasculature. At least two forms<br>exist, autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. This disorder<br>is caused by mutations of one of the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE<br>TRANSPORTERS. Patients are predisposed to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Psoriasis",44330,0.6,"D011565","C17.800.859.675",1,"Description: A common genetically determined, chronic,<br>inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous,<br>dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails,<br>scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region.<br>Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental<br>pathologic feature in psoriasis.",""],["Radiodermatitis",1974,0.0,"D011855","C17.800.174.826",0,"Description: A cutaneous inflammatory reaction occurring as a<br>result of exposure to ionizing radiation.",""],["Rhinophyma",434,0.0,"D012224","C17.800.716.500",0,"Description: A manifestation of severe ROSACEA resulting in<br>significant enlargement of the NOSE and occurring primarily in<br>men. It is caused by hypertrophy of the SEBACEOUS GLANDS and<br>surrounding CONNECTIVE TISSUE. The nose is reddened and marked<br>with TELANGIECTASIS.",""],["Rhinophyma",434,0.0,"D012224","C17.800.794.650",0,"Description: A manifestation of severe ROSACEA resulting in<br>significant enlargement of the NOSE and occurring primarily in<br>men. It is caused by hypertrophy of the SEBACEOUS GLANDS and<br>surrounding CONNECTIVE TISSUE. The nose is reddened and marked<br>with TELANGIECTASIS.",""],["Scleredema Adultorum",390,0.0,"D012592","C17.300.550.750",0,"Description: A diffuse, non-pitting induration of the skin of<br>unknown etiology that occurs most commonly in association with<br>diabetes mellitus, predominantly in females. It typically begins<br>on the face or head and spreads to other areas of the body,<br>sometimes involving noncutaneous tissues. Often it is preceded by<br>any of various infections, notably staphylococcal infections. The<br>condition resolves spontaneously, usually within two years of<br>onset. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Sclerema Neonatorum",140,0.0,"D012593","C17.800.804.812",0,"Description: A severe, sometimes fatal, disorder of adipose<br>tissue occurring chiefly in preterm or debilitated infants<br>suffering from an underlying illness and manifested by a diffuse,<br>nonpitting induration of the affected tissue. The skin becomes<br>cold, yellowish, mottled, and inflexible.",""],["Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms",1619,0.0,"D012626","C17.800.794.712",1,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SEBACEOUS<br>GLANDS.",""],["Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms",1619,0.0,"D012626","C17.800.882.712",1,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SEBACEOUS<br>GLANDS.",""],["Dermatitis, Seborrheic",1864,0.0,"D012628","C17.800.174.580",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with<br>unknown etiology. It is characterized by moderate ERYTHEMA, dry,<br>moist, or greasy (SEBACEOUS GLAND) scaling and yellow crusted<br>patches on various areas, especially the scalp, that exfoliate as<br>dandruff. Seborrheic dermatitis is common in children and<br>adolescents with HIV INFECTIONS.",""],["Dermatitis, Seborrheic",1864,0.0,"D012628","C17.800.794.230",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with<br>unknown etiology. It is characterized by moderate ERYTHEMA, dry,<br>moist, or greasy (SEBACEOUS GLAND) scaling and yellow crusted<br>patches on various areas, especially the scalp, that exfoliate as<br>dandruff. Seborrheic dermatitis is common in children and<br>adolescents with HIV INFECTIONS.",""],["Dermatitis, Seborrheic",1864,0.0,"D012628","C17.800.815.580",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with<br>unknown etiology. It is characterized by moderate ERYTHEMA, dry,<br>moist, or greasy (SEBACEOUS GLAND) scaling and yellow crusted<br>patches on various areas, especially the scalp, that exfoliate as<br>dandruff. Seborrheic dermatitis is common in children and<br>adolescents with HIV INFECTIONS.",""],["Dermatitis, Seborrheic",1864,0.0,"D012628","C17.800.859.350",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with<br>unknown etiology. It is characterized by moderate ERYTHEMA, dry,<br>moist, or greasy (SEBACEOUS GLAND) scaling and yellow crusted<br>patches on various areas, especially the scalp, that exfoliate as<br>dandruff. Seborrheic dermatitis is common in children and<br>adolescents with HIV INFECTIONS.",""],["Sunburn",2000,0.0,"D013471","C17.800.600.725",0,"Description: An injury to the skin causing erythema, tenderness,<br>and sometimes blistering and resulting from excessive exposure to<br>the sun. The reaction is produced by the ultraviolet radiation in<br>sunlight.",""],["Sweat Gland Neoplasms",3705,0.1,"D013544","C17.800.882.743",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SWEAT GLANDS.",""],["Sweat Gland Neoplasms",3705,0.1,"D013544","C17.800.946.743",0,"Description: New abnormal growth of tissue in the SWEAT GLANDS.",""],["Takayasu Arteritis",4651,0.1,"D013625","C17.800.862.875",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory process that affects the<br>AORTA and its primary branches, such as the brachiocephalic<br>artery (BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK) and CAROTID ARTERIES. It results<br>in progressive arterial stenosis, occlusion, and aneurysm<br>formation. The pulse in the arm is hard to detect. Patients with<br>aortitis syndrome often exhibit retinopathy.",""],["Giant Cell Arteritis",7230,0.1,"D013700","C17.800.862.252",0,"Description: A systemic autoimmune disorder that typically<br>affects medium and large ARTERIES, usually leading to occlusive<br>granulomatous vasculitis with transmural infiltrate containing<br>multinucleated GIANT CELLS. The TEMPORAL ARTERY is commonly<br>involved. This disorder appears primarily in people over the age<br>of 50. Symptoms include FEVER; FATIGUE; HEADACHE; visual<br>impairment; pain in the jaw and tongue; and aggravation of pain<br>by cold temperatures. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed)",""],["Tietze's Syndrome",371,0.0,"D013991","C17.300.182.790",0,"Description: Idiopathic painful nonsuppurative swellings of one<br>or more costal cartilages, especially of the second rib. The<br>anterior chest pain may mimic that of coronary artery disease.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed.)",""],["Tinea Capitis",1982,0.0,"D014006","C17.800.738.708",1,"Description: Ringworm of the scalp and associated hair mainly<br>caused by species of MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and<br>EPIDERMOPHYTON, which may occasionally involve the eyebrows and<br>eyelashes.",""],["Onychomycosis",3382,0.0,"D014009","C17.800.529.550",0,"Description: A fungal infection of the nail, usually caused by<br>DERMATOPHYTES; YEASTS; or nondermatophyte MOLDS.",""],["Urticaria Pigmentosa",1158,0.0,"D014582","C17.800.621.893",0,"Description: The most common form of cutaneous mastocytosis<br>(MASTOCYTOSIS, CUTANEOUS) that occurs primarily in children. It<br>is characterized by the multiple small reddish-brown pigmented<br>pruritic macules and papules.",""],["Mastocytosis, Cutaneous",1734,0.0,"D034701","C17.800.882.356",2,"Description: Skin lesions due to abnormal infiltration of MAST<br>CELLS. Cutaneous mastocytosis is confined to the skin without the<br>involvement of other tissues or organs, and is mostly found in<br>children. The three major variants are: URTICARIA PIGMENTOSA;<br>diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis; and SOLITARY MASTOCYTOMA OF SKIN.",""],["Xeroderma Pigmentosum",2629,0.0,"D014983","C17.800.600.925",0,"Description: A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive<br>disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to<br>ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that<br>permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA.",""],["Xeroderma Pigmentosum",2629,0.0,"D014983","C17.800.621.936",0,"Description: A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive<br>disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to<br>ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that<br>permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA.",""],["Xeroderma Pigmentosum",2629,0.0,"D014983","C17.800.804.936",0,"Description: A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive<br>disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to<br>ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that<br>permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA.",""],["Xeroderma Pigmentosum",2629,0.0,"D014983","C17.800.827.970",0,"Description: A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive<br>disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to<br>ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that<br>permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA.",""],["Hyperostosis, Sternocostoclavicular",120,0.0,"D015218","C17.300.775.440",0,"Description: A rare, benign rheumatologic disorder or syndrome<br>characterized by hyperostosis and soft tissue ossification<br>between the clavicles and the anterior part of the upper ribs. It<br>is often associated with the dermatologic disorder palmoplantar<br>pustulosis, particularly in Japan. Careful diagnosis is required<br>to distinguish it from psoriatic arthritis, OSTEITIS DEFORMANS,<br>and other diseases. Spondylitis of pustulosis palmaris et<br>plantaris is one of the possible causes; also, evidence suggests<br>one origin may be bone infection. Bone imaging is especially<br>useful for diagnosis. It was originally described by Sonozaki in<br>1974.",""],["Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus",293,0.0,"D015435","C17.300.710.400",0,"Description: A type of lupus erythematosus characterized by deep<br>dermal or subcutaneous nodules, most often on the head, face, or<br>upper arms. It is generally chronic and occurs most often in<br>women between the ages of 20 and 45.",""],["Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus",293,0.0,"D015435","C17.800.566.400",0,"Description: A type of lupus erythematosus characterized by deep<br>dermal or subcutaneous nodules, most often on the head, face, or<br>upper arms. It is generally chronic and occurs most often in<br>women between the ages of 20 and 45.",""],["Panniculitis, Peritoneal",484,0.0,"D015436","C17.300.710.600",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the underlying layer of ADIPOSE<br>TISSUE (panniculus) of the PERITONEUM, usually of the MESENTERY<br>or the OMENTUM. There are several forms with various names and<br>are usually characterized by infiltration of LYMPHOCYTES and<br>NEUTROPHILS, fat NECROSIS, and FIBROSIS.",""],["Erythema Chronicum Migrans",576,0.0,"D015787","C17.800.229.200",0,"Description: A deep type of gyrate erythema that follows a bite<br>by an ixodid tick; it is a stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE.<br>The site of the bite is characterized by a red papule that<br>expands peripherally as a nonscaling, palpable band that clears<br>centrally. This condition is often associated with systemic<br>symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea,<br>vomiting, fatigue, backache, and stiff neck.",""],["Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica",1285,0.0,"D016108","C17.300.200.367",0,"Description: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by<br>atrophy of blistered areas, severe scarring, and nail changes. It<br>is most often present at birth or in early infancy and occurs in<br>both autosomal dominant and recessive forms. All forms of<br>dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa result from mutations in<br>COLLAGEN TYPE VII, a major component fibrils of BASEMENT MEMBRANE<br>and EPIDERMIS.",""],["Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome",278,0.0,"D016111","C17.800.827.820",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder<br>characterized by severe ichthyosis MENTAL RETARDATION; SPASTIC<br>PARAPLEGIA; and congenital ICHTHYOSIS. It is caused by mutation<br>of gene encoding microsomal fatty ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE leading<br>to defect in fatty alcohol metabolism.",""],["Ichthyosis Vulgaris",160,0.0,"D016112","C17.800.827.405",0,"Description: Most common form of ICHTHYOSIS characterized by<br>prominent scaling especially on the exterior surfaces of the<br>extremities. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.",""],["Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital",1773,0.0,"D016113","C17.800.827.400",2,"Description: Designation for several severe forms of ichthyosis,<br>present at birth, that are characterized by hyperkeratotic<br>scaling. Infants may be born encased in a collodion membrane<br>which begins shedding within 24 hours. This is followed in about<br>two weeks by persistent generalized scaling. The forms include<br>bullous (HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC), non-bullous (ICHTHYOSIS,<br>LAMELLAR), wet type, and dry type.",""],["Ichthyosis, X-Linked",240,0.0,"D016114","C17.800.827.408",0,"Description: Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a<br>sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and<br>transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe<br>scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with<br>steroid sulfatase deficiency.",""],["Granuloma Annulare",990,0.0,"D016460","C17.800.550.380",0,"Description: Benign granulomatous disease of unknown etiology<br>characterized by a ring of localized or disseminated papules or<br>nodules on the skin and palisading histiocytes surrounding<br>necrobiotic tissue resulting from altered collagen structures.",""],["Sweet Syndrome",1785,0.0,"D016463","C17.800.229.800",0,"Description: Condition characterized by large, rapidly extending,<br>erythematous, tender plaques on the upper body usually<br>accompanied by fever and dermal infiltration of neutrophilic<br>leukocytes. It occurs mostly in middle-aged women, is often<br>preceded by an upper respiratory infection, and clinically<br>resembles ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME. Sweet syndrome is associated with<br>LEUKEMIA.",""],["Pemphigus, Benign Familial",527,0.0,"D016506","C17.800.827.700",0,"Description: An autosomal dominantly inherited skin disorder<br>characterized by recurrent eruptions of vesicles and BULLAE<br>mainly on the neck, axillae, and groin. Mutations in the ATP2C1<br>gene (encoding the secretory pathway Ca2++/Mn2++ ATPase 1<br>(SPCA1)) cause this disease. It is clinically and histologically<br>similar to DARIER DISEASE - both have abnormal, unstable<br>DESMOSOMES between KERATINOCYTES and defective CALCIUM-<br>TRANSPORTING ATPASES. It is unrelated to PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS<br>though it closely resembles that disease.",""],["Pemphigus, Benign Familial",527,0.0,"D016506","C17.800.865.858",0,"Description: An autosomal dominantly inherited skin disorder<br>characterized by recurrent eruptions of vesicles and BULLAE<br>mainly on the neck, axillae, and groin. Mutations in the ATP2C1<br>gene (encoding the secretory pathway Ca2++/Mn2++ ATPase 1<br>(SPCA1)) cause this disease. It is clinically and histologically<br>similar to DARIER DISEASE - both have abnormal, unstable<br>DESMOSOMES between KERATINOCYTES and defective CALCIUM-<br>TRANSPORTING ATPASES. It is unrelated to PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS<br>though it closely resembles that disease.",""],["Foot Ulcer",1663,0.0,"D016523","C17.800.321.250",0,"Description: Lesion on the surface of the skin of the foot,<br>usually accompanied by inflammation. The lesion may become<br>infected or necrotic and is frequently associated with diabetes<br>or leprosy.",""],["Hidradenitis",3252,0.0,"D016575","C17.800.946.315",1,"Description: The inflammation of a sweat gland (usually of the<br>apocrine type). The condition can be idiopathic or occur as a<br>result of or in association with another underlying condition.<br>Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis is a relatively rare variant<br>that has been reported in patients undergoing chemotherapy,<br>usually for non-Hodgkin lymphomas or leukemic conditions.",""],["Erythema Infectiosum",1099,0.0,"D016731","C17.800.229.335",0,"Description: Contagious infection with human B19 Parvovirus most<br>commonly seen in school age children and characterized by fever,<br>headache, and rashes of the face, trunk, and extremities. It is<br>often confused with RUBELLA.",""],["Angiomatosis, Bacillary",451,0.0,"D016917","C17.800.862.060",0,"Description: A reactive vascular proliferation that is<br>characterized by the multiple tumor-like lesions in skin, bone,<br>brain, and other organs. Bacillary angiomatosis is caused by<br>infection with gram-negative Bartonella bacilli (such as<br>BARTONELLA HENSELAE), and is often seen in AIDS patients and<br>other IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS.",""],["Porphyria, Erythropoietic",387,0.0,"D017092","C17.800.827.738",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN III SYNTHASE in the BONE MARROW;<br>also known as congenital erythropoietic porphyria. This disease<br>is characterized by SPLENOMEGALY; ANEMIA; photosensitivity;<br>cutaneous lesions; accumulation of hydroxymethylbilane; and<br>increased excretion of UROPORPHYRINS and COPROPORPHYRINS.",""],["Porphyrias, Hepatic",3410,0.0,"D017094","C17.800.827.742",6,"Description: A group of metabolic diseases due to deficiency of<br>one of a number of LIVER enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of<br>HEME. They are characterized by the accumulation and increased<br>excretion of PORPHYRINS or its precursors. Clinical features<br>include neurological symptoms (PORPHYRIA, ACUTE INTERMITTENT),<br>cutaneous lesions due to photosensitivity (PORPHYRIA CUTANEA<br>TARDA), or both (HEREDITARY COPROPORPHYRIA). Hepatic porphyrias<br>can be hereditary or acquired as a result of toxicity to the<br>hepatic tissues.",""],["Dermatitis, Photoallergic",618,0.0,"D017454","C17.800.600.325",0,"Description: A delayed hypersensitivity involving the reaction<br>between sunlight or other radiant energy source and a chemical<br>substance to which the individual has been previously exposed and<br>sensitized. It manifests as a papulovesicular, eczematous, or<br>exudative dermatitis occurring chiefly on the light-exposed areas<br>of the skin.",""],["Dermatitis, Phototoxic",905,0.0,"D017484","C17.800.600.335",0,"Description: A nonimmunologic, chemically induced type of<br>photosensitivity producing a sometimes vesiculating dermatitis.<br>It results in hyperpigmentation and desquamation of the light-<br>exposed areas of the skin.",""],["Keratosis, Seborrheic",785,0.0,"D017492","C17.800.428.580",0,"Description: Benign eccrine poromas that present as multiple<br>oval, brown-to-black plaques, located mostly on the chest and<br>back. The age of onset is usually in the fourth or fifth decade.",""],["Porokeratosis",849,0.0,"D017499","C17.800.428.750",0,"Description: A heritable disorder of faulty keratinization<br>characterized by the proliferation of abnormal clones of<br>KERATINOCYTES and lesions showing varying atrophic patches<br>surrounded by an elevated, keratotic border. These keratotic<br>lesions can progress to overt cutaneous neoplasm. Several<br>clinical variants are recognized, including porokeratosis of<br>Mibelli, linear porokeratosis, disseminated superficial actinic<br>porokeratosis, palmoplantar porokeratosis, and punctate<br>porokeratosis.",""],["Porokeratosis",849,0.0,"D017499","C17.800.827.730",0,"Description: A heritable disorder of faulty keratinization<br>characterized by the proliferation of abnormal clones of<br>KERATINOCYTES and lesions showing varying atrophic patches<br>surrounded by an elevated, keratotic border. These keratotic<br>lesions can progress to overt cutaneous neoplasm. Several<br>clinical variants are recognized, including porokeratosis of<br>Mibelli, linear porokeratosis, disseminated superficial actinic<br>porokeratosis, palmoplantar porokeratosis, and punctate<br>porokeratosis.",""],["Pyoderma Gangrenosum",2629,0.0,"D017511","C17.800.695.675",0,"Description: An idiopathic, rapidly evolving, and severely<br>debilitating disease occurring most commonly in association with<br>chronic ulcerative colitis. It is characterized by the presence<br>of boggy, purplish ulcers with undermined borders, appearing<br>mostly on the legs. The majority of cases are in people between<br>40 and 60 years old. Its etiology is unknown.",""],["Pyoderma Gangrenosum",2629,0.0,"D017511","C17.800.862.675",0,"Description: An idiopathic, rapidly evolving, and severely<br>debilitating disease occurring most commonly in association with<br>chronic ulcerative colitis. It is characterized by the presence<br>of boggy, purplish ulcers with undermined borders, appearing<br>mostly on the legs. The majority of cases are in people between<br>40 and 60 years old. Its etiology is unknown.",""],["Pyoderma Gangrenosum",2629,0.0,"D017511","C17.800.893.675",0,"Description: An idiopathic, rapidly evolving, and severely<br>debilitating disease occurring most commonly in association with<br>chronic ulcerative colitis. It is characterized by the presence<br>of boggy, purplish ulcers with undermined borders, appearing<br>mostly on the legs. The majority of cases are in people between<br>40 and 60 years old. Its etiology is unknown.",""],["Scleroderma, Limited",629,0.0,"D045745","C17.300.799.801",1,"Description: The least progressive form of SYSTEMIC SCLERODERMA<br>with skin thickening restricted to the face, neck and areas<br>distal to the elbows and/or knees, sparing the trunk. The CREST<br>SYNDROME is a form of limited scleroderma.",""],["Scleroderma, Limited",629,0.0,"D045745","C17.800.784.801",1,"Description: The least progressive form of SYSTEMIC SCLERODERMA<br>with skin thickening restricted to the face, neck and areas<br>distal to the elbows and/or knees, sparing the trunk. The CREST<br>SYNDROME is a form of limited scleroderma.",""],["Sneddon Syndrome",225,0.0,"D018860","C17.800.862.775",0,"Description: A systemic non-inflammatory arteriopathy primarily<br>of middle-aged females characterized by the association of LIVEDO<br>RETICULARIS, multiple thrombotic CEREBRAL INFARCTION; CORONARY<br>DISEASE, and HYPERTENSION. Elevation of antiphospholipid antibody<br>titers (see also ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME), cardiac<br>valvulopathy, ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; and<br>chronic ischemia of the extremities may also occur. Pathologic<br>examination of affected arteries reveals non-inflammatory<br>adventitial fibrosis, thrombosis, and changes in the media. (From<br>Jablonski, Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed;<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p861; Arch Neurol<br>1997 Jan;54(1):53-60)",""],["Cafe-au-Lait Spots",266,0.0,"D019080","C17.800.621.250",0,"Description: Light brown pigmented macules associated with<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS and Albright's syndrome (see FIBROUS DYSPLASIA,<br>POLYOSTOTIC).",""],["Port-Wine Stain",1040,0.0,"D019339","C17.800.804.675",0,"Description: A vascular malformation of developmental origin<br>characterized pathologically by ectasia of superficial dermal<br>capillaries, and clinically by persistent macular erythema. In<br>the past, port wine stains have frequently been termed capillary<br>hemangiomas, which they are not; unfortunately this confusing<br>practice persists: HEMANGIOMA, CAPILLARY is neoplastic, a port-<br>wine stain is non-neoplastic. Port-wine stains vary in color from<br>fairly pale pink to deep red or purple and in size from a few<br>millimeters to many centimeters in diameter. The face is the most<br>frequently affected site and they are most often unilateral.<br>(From Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 5th ed, p483)",""],["Dermatitis, Perioral",245,0.0,"D019557","C17.800.174.550",0,"Description: A papular eruption of unknown etiology that<br>progresses to residual papular erythema and scaling usually<br>confined to the area of the mouth, and almost exclusively<br>occurring in young women. It may also be localized or extend to<br>involve the eyelids and adjacent glabella area of the forehead<br>(periocular dermatitis). (Dorland, 28th ed)",""],["Dermatitis, Perioral",245,0.0,"D019557","C17.800.271.250",0,"Description: A papular eruption of unknown etiology that<br>progresses to residual papular erythema and scaling usually<br>confined to the area of the mouth, and almost exclusively<br>occurring in young women. It may also be localized or extend to<br>involve the eyelids and adjacent glabella area of the forehead<br>(periocular dermatitis). (Dorland, 28th ed)",""],["Dyskeratosis Congenita",679,0.0,"D019871","C17.800.804.150",0,"Description: A predominantly X-linked recessive syndrome<br>characterized by a triad of reticular skin pigmentation, nail<br>dystrophy and leukoplakia of mucous membranes. Oral and dental<br>abnormalities may also be present. Complications are a<br>predisposition to malignancy and bone marrow involvement with<br>pancytopenia. (from Int J Paediatr Dent 2000 Dec;10(4):328-34)<br>The X-linked form is also known as Zinsser-Cole-Engman syndrome<br>and involves the gene which encodes a highly conserved protein<br>called dyskerin.",""],["Dyskeratosis Congenita",679,0.0,"D019871","C17.800.827.235",0,"Description: A predominantly X-linked recessive syndrome<br>characterized by a triad of reticular skin pigmentation, nail<br>dystrophy and leukoplakia of mucous membranes. Oral and dental<br>abnormalities may also be present. Complications are a<br>predisposition to malignancy and bone marrow involvement with<br>pancytopenia. (from Int J Paediatr Dent 2000 Dec;10(4):328-34)<br>The X-linked form is also known as Zinsser-Cole-Engman syndrome<br>and involves the gene which encodes a highly conserved protein<br>called dyskerin.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C17.300.480.750",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Scleroderma, Diffuse",978,0.0,"D045743","C17.300.799.602",0,"Description: A rapid onset form of SYSTEMIC SCLERODERMA with<br>progressive widespread SKIN thickening over the arms, the legs<br>and the trunk, resulting in stiffness and disability.",""],["Scleroderma, Diffuse",978,0.0,"D045743","C17.800.784.602",0,"Description: A rapid onset form of SYSTEMIC SCLERODERMA with<br>progressive widespread SKIN thickening over the arms, the legs<br>and the trunk, resulting in stiffness and disability.",""],["Ganglion Cysts",1018,0.0,"D045888","C17.300.550.274",0,"Description: Nodular tumor-like lesions or mucoid flesh, arising<br>from tendon sheaths, LIGAMENTS, or JOINT CAPSULE, especially of<br>the hands, wrists, or feet. They are not true cysts as they lack<br>epithelial wall. They are distinguished from SYNOVIAL CYSTS by<br>the lack of communication with a joint cavity or the SYNOVIAL<br>MEMBRANE.",""],["Chondromalacia Patellae",79,0.0,"D046789","C17.300.182.100",0,"Description: A degeneration of the ARTICULAR CARTILAGE of the<br>PATELLA, caused by a decrease in sulfated MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in<br>the ground substance. When accompanied by pain, it is sometimes<br>considered part of or confused with PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME.",""],["Breast Cyst",258,0.0,"D047688","C17.800.090.249",0,"Description: A fluid-filled closed cavity or sac that is lined by<br>an EPITHELIUM and found in the BREAST. It may appear as a single<br>large cyst in one breast, multifocal, or bilateral in FIBROCYSTIC<br>BREAST DISEASE.",""],["Myofibroma",338,0.0,"D047708","C17.300.680.540",0,"Description: A benign tumor that consists chiefly of fibrous<br>CONNECTIVE TISSUE, with variable numbers of MUSCLE CELLS forming<br>portions of the neoplasm (From Stedman's, 27th ed).",""],["Leukokeratosis, Hereditary Mucosal",42,0.0,"D053529","C17.800.827.595",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder that is manifested by<br>thickened spongiform ORAL MUCOSA with a white opalescent tint.<br>Other MUCOSAL TISSUE may also be involved mucosa found in the<br>VAGINA; RECTUM, and NASAL CAVITY may be similarly involved. This<br>form of LEUKOKERATOSIS can be caused by a mutation in the gene<br>for KERATIN 4 and is not considered a PRENEOPLASTIC CONDITION.",""],["Pachyonychia Congenita",309,0.0,"D053549","C17.800.529.594",1,"Description: A group of inherited ectodermal dysplasias whose<br>most prominent clinical feature is hypertrophic nail dystrophy<br>resulting in PACHYONYCHIA. Several specific subtypes of<br>pachyonychia congenita have been associated with mutations in<br>genes that encode KERATINS.",""],["Ichthyosis Bullosa of Siemens",10,0.0,"D053560","C17.800.827.403",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant form of ichthyosis<br>characterized by generalized reddening of the skin (ERYTHEMA) and<br>widespread blistering. The disease shows similar, but somewhat<br>milder, clinical and histopathological findings to those in<br>HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC and is associated with the gene<br>that encodes KERATIN-2A.",""],["Scleromyxedema",313,0.0,"D053718","C17.300.550.875",0,"Description: A connective tissue disorder characterized by<br>widespread thickening of SKIN with a cobblestone-like appearance.<br>It is caused by proliferation of FIBROBLASTS and deposition of<br>MUCIN in the DERMIS in the absence of thyroid disease. Most<br>scleromyxedema cases are associated with a MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY,<br>immunoglobulin IgG-lambda.",""],["Onycholysis",132,0.0,"D054039","C17.800.529.478",0,"Description: Separation of nail plate from the underlying nail<br>bed. It can be a sign of skin disease, infection (such as<br>ONYCHOMYCOSIS) or tissue injury.",""],["Livedo Reticularis",325,0.0,"D054068","C17.800.862.355",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a reticular or fishnet<br>pattern on the skin of lower extremities and other parts of the<br>body. This red and blue pattern is due to deoxygenated blood in<br>unstable dermal blood vessels. The condition is intensified by<br>cold exposure and relieved by rewarming.",""],["Buruli Ulcer",783,0.0,"D054312","C17.800.893.295",0,"Description: A lesion in the skin and subcutaneous tissues due to<br>infections by MYCOBACTERIUM ULCERANS. It was first reported in<br>Uganda, Africa.",""],["Trichothiodystrophy Syndromes",115,0.0,"D054463","C17.800.804.874",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neuroectodermal disorders<br>characterized by brittle sulfur-deficient hair associated with<br>impaired intellect, decreased fertility, and short stature. It<br>may include nail dystrophy, ICHTHYOSIS, and photosensitivity<br>correlated with a NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR defect. All<br>individuals with this disorder have a deficiency of cysteine-rich<br>KERATIN-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS found in the interfilamentous matrix.<br>Photosensitive trichothiodystrophy can be caused by mutation in<br>at least 2 separate genes: ERCC2 PROTEIN gene and the related<br>ERCC3. Nonphotosensitive trichothiodystrophy can be caused by<br>mutation in the TTDN1 gene.",""],["Trichothiodystrophy Syndromes",115,0.0,"D054463","C17.800.827.895",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neuroectodermal disorders<br>characterized by brittle sulfur-deficient hair associated with<br>impaired intellect, decreased fertility, and short stature. It<br>may include nail dystrophy, ICHTHYOSIS, and photosensitivity<br>correlated with a NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR defect. All<br>individuals with this disorder have a deficiency of cysteine-rich<br>KERATIN-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS found in the interfilamentous matrix.<br>Photosensitive trichothiodystrophy can be caused by mutation in<br>at least 2 separate genes: ERCC2 PROTEIN gene and the related<br>ERCC3. Nonphotosensitive trichothiodystrophy can be caused by<br>mutation in the TTDN1 gene.",""],["Chloracne",37,0.0,"D054506","C17.800.030.575",0,"Description: ACNE-like skin eruptions caused by exposure to<br>CHLORINE-containing compounds. Exposure can be by inhalation,<br>ingestion, or through the skin. Chloracne is often seen in people<br>who have occupational contact with chlorinated pesticides, wood<br>preservatives, and sealants.",""],["Orbital Cellulitis",633,0.0,"D054517","C17.300.185.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the loose connective tissues around<br>the ORBIT, bony structure around the eyeball. It is characterized<br>by PAIN; EDEMA of the CONJUNCTIVA; swelling of the EYELIDS;<br>EXOPHTHALMOS; limited eye movement; and loss of vision.",""],["Malignant Atrophic Papulosis",152,0.0,"D054853","C17.800.862.457",0,"Description: Variously described as a vasculopathy,<br>endovasculitis, or occlusive arteriopathy, this condition occurs<br>in a benign cutaneous form and a lethal multiorgan systemic<br>variant. It is characterized by a narrowing and occlusion of the<br>lumen of small to medium-sized blood vessels, leading to ischemia<br>and infarction in the involved organ systems. The etiology and<br>pathophysiology are unknown.",""],["Tracheobronchomalacia",608,0.0,"D055089","C17.300.182.895",2,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the TRACHEA and the BRONCHI. This<br>results in a floppy non-rigid airway making patency difficult to<br>maintain.",""],["Laryngomalacia",329,0.0,"D055092","C17.300.182.310",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped<br>or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the LARYNX. This results in a<br>floppy laryngeal wall making patency difficult to maintain.",""],["Keratosis, Actinic",2181,0.0,"D055623","C17.800.428.570",0,"Description: White or pink lesions on the arms, hands, face, or<br>scalp that arise from sun-induced DNA DAMAGE to KERATINOCYTES in<br>exposed areas. They are considered precursor lesions to<br>superficial SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA.",""],["Muir-Torre Syndrome",199,0.0,"D055653","C17.800.827.610",0,"Description: A form of LYNCH SYNDROME II associated with<br>cutaneous SEBACEOUS GLAND NEOPLASMS. Muir-Torre syndrome is also<br>associated with other visceral malignant diseases include<br>colorectal, endometrial, urological, and upper gastrointestinal<br>neoplasms.",""],["Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis",76,0.0,"D056266","C17.800.229.606",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant skin disease characterized by<br>transient and variable noninflammatory ERYTHEMA and<br>hyperkeratosis. It has been associated with mutations in the<br>genes that code for CONNEXINS. Erythrokeratodermia variabilis<br>inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion has also been<br>reported. Affected individuals often develop PALMOPLANTAR<br>KERATODERMA.",""],["Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis",76,0.0,"D056266","C17.800.428.304",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant skin disease characterized by<br>transient and variable noninflammatory ERYTHEMA and<br>hyperkeratosis. It has been associated with mutations in the<br>genes that code for CONNEXINS. Erythrokeratodermia variabilis<br>inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion has also been<br>reported. Affected individuals often develop PALMOPLANTAR<br>KERATODERMA.",""],["Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis",76,0.0,"D056266","C17.800.827.337",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant skin disease characterized by<br>transient and variable noninflammatory ERYTHEMA and<br>hyperkeratosis. It has been associated with mutations in the<br>genes that code for CONNEXINS. Erythrokeratodermia variabilis<br>inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion has also been<br>reported. Affected individuals often develop PALMOPLANTAR<br>KERATODERMA.",""],["Yellow Nail Syndrome",146,0.0,"D056684","C17.800.529.819",0,"Description: A rare condition characterized by the presence of<br>yellow nails, LYMPHEDEMA, and/or PLEURAL EFFUSION with<br>respiratory tract involvement. Abnormal lymphatic network may<br>play a role in its etiology. Occasionally inherited, yellow nail<br>syndrome mostly is sporadic without apparent family history.",""],["Yellow Nail Syndrome",146,0.0,"D056684","C17.800.621.968",0,"Description: A rare condition characterized by the presence of<br>yellow nails, LYMPHEDEMA, and/or PLEURAL EFFUSION with<br>respiratory tract involvement. Abnormal lymphatic network may<br>play a role in its etiology. Occasionally inherited, yellow nail<br>syndrome mostly is sporadic without apparent family history.",""],["Monilethrix",56,0.0,"D056734","C17.800.329.984",0,"Description: Rare autosomal dominant disorder of the hair shaft.<br>The clinical features of the disease include HYPOTRICHOSIS, dry,<br>and/or brittle hair, with varying degrees of ALOPECIA. Mutations<br>in the hair-specific keratin genes KRTHB1, KRTHB3, or KRTHB6 are<br>associated with monilethrix. Autosomal recessive monilethrix with<br>limited HYPOTRICHOSIS are also known. Mutations in Dsg4, Liph,<br>and P2ry5 protein genes are associated with the recessive form of<br>monilethrix.",""],["Monilethrix",56,0.0,"D056734","C17.800.827.602",0,"Description: Rare autosomal dominant disorder of the hair shaft.<br>The clinical features of the disease include HYPOTRICHOSIS, dry,<br>and/or brittle hair, with varying degrees of ALOPECIA. Mutations<br>in the hair-specific keratin genes KRTHB1, KRTHB3, or KRTHB6 are<br>associated with monilethrix. Autosomal recessive monilethrix with<br>limited HYPOTRICHOSIS are also known. Mutations in Dsg4, Liph,<br>and P2ry5 protein genes are associated with the recessive form of<br>monilethrix.",""],["Netherton Syndrome",195,0.0,"D056770","C17.800.827.655",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disease with variable<br>expressions. Clinical features of the disease include variable<br>ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA, CONGENITAL; bamboo hair<br>(trichorrhexis invaginata); and ATOPIC DERMATITIS. The disease is<br>caused by mutations in the SPINK5 gene.",""],["Anetoderma",114,0.0,"D057088","C17.800.804.108",0,"Description: Benign DERMATOSIS caused by a loss of dermal ELASTIC<br>TISSUE resulting in localized sac-like areas of flaccid skin. It<br>can be either primary (idiopathic) or secondary to other skin<br>conditions, PENICILLAMINE use, or premature birth.",""],["Hyalinosis, Systemic",89,0.0,"D057770","C17.800.827.384",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>HYALINE deposition in the skin, bone, gastrointestinal tract,<br>muscles and glands; multiple subcutaneous skin nodules; GINGIVAL<br>HYPERTROPHY; and joint CONTRACTURES. Mutations in the capillary<br>morphogenesis protein-2 are associated with the disorder.",""],["Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma",134,0.0,"D058252","C17.800.550.772",0,"Description: A cutaneous necrobiotic disorder characterized by<br>firm, yellow plaques or nodules, often in a periorbital<br>distribution. It is often accompanied by an elevated ERYTHROCYTE<br>SEDIMENTATION RATE; LEUKOPENIA; and MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY (IgG-<br>kappa type) and systemic involvement.",""],["Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis",233,0.0,"D062027","C17.800.865.622",0,"Description: Autoimmune disease characterized by subepidermal<br>blisters and linear deposition of autoantibodies at the<br>dermoepidermal junction. The accumulated autoantibodies are of<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and occasionally IMMUNOGLOBULIN G classes<br>against epidermal BASEMENT MEMBRANE proteins. The dermatosis is<br>sometimes associated with malignancies and use of certain drugs<br>(e.g., VANCOMYCIN).",""],["Dandruff",113,0.0,"D063807","C17.800.174.146",0,"Description: Excessive shedding of dry scaly material from the<br>scalp in humans.",""],["Dandruff",113,0.0,"D063807","C17.800.738.353",0,"Description: Excessive shedding of dry scaly material from the<br>scalp in humans.",""],["Pectus Carinatum",138,0.0,"D066166","C17.300.182.525",0,"Description: A developmental anomaly characterized by abnormal<br>anterior protrusion of the STERNUM and adjacent COSTAL CARTILAGE.",""],["Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous",41278,0.6,"D012872","C17.800.865",18,"Description: Skin diseases characterized by local or general<br>distributions of blisters. They are classified according to the<br>site and mode of blister formation. Lesions can appear<br>spontaneously or be precipitated by infection, trauma, or<br>sunlight. Etiologies include immunologic and genetic factors.<br>(From Scientific American Medicine, 1990)",""],["Pigmentation Disorders",33686,0.5,"D010859","C17.800.621",19,"Description: Diseases affecting PIGMENTATION, including SKIN<br>PIGMENTATION.",""],["Acneiform Eruptions",11284,0.2,"D017486","C17.800.030",4,"Description: Visible efflorescent lesions of the skin caused by<br>acne or resembling acne. (Dorland, 28th ed, p18, 575)",""],["Sebaceous Gland Diseases",15370,0.2,"D012625","C17.800.794",7,"Description: Diseases of the sebaceous glands such as sebaceous<br>hyperplasia and sebaceous cell carcinoma (SEBACEOUS GLAND<br>NEOPLASMS).",""],["Breast Diseases",369470,5.3,"D001941","C17.800.090",17,"Description: Pathological processes of the BREAST.",""],["Lipomatosis",3252,0.0,"D008068","C17.800.463",3,"Description: A disorder characterized by the accumulation of<br>encapsulated or unencapsulated tumor-like fatty tissue resembling<br>LIPOMA.",""],["Fibromatosis, Plantar",37,0.0,"D000071380","C17.300.349",0,"Description: A fibromatosis of the plantar fascia characterized<br>by thickening of the fibrous bands on the plantar aponeurosis in<br>the sole of the foot and toes.",""],["Foot Diseases",17939,0.3,"D005534","C17.800.321",5,"Description: Anatomical and functional disorders affecting the<br>foot.",""],["Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Diseases",104,0.0,"D000074079","C17.300.849",0,"Description: Diseases that exhibit signs and symptoms suggestive<br>of a connective tissue disease that do not fulfill clinical or<br>diagnostic criteria for any one defined disease but overlap with<br>criteria of multiple such diseases. Commonly overlapping diseases<br>include systemic autoimmune connective tissue diseases such as<br>RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; and SYSTEMIC<br>SCLEROSIS.",""],["Neoplasms, Connective Tissue",1271,0.0,"D009372","C17.300.680",2,"Description: Neoplasms composed of connective tissue, including<br>elastic, mucous, reticular, osseous, and cartilaginous tissue.<br>The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in connective<br>tissue.",""],["Skin Diseases, Vascular",57419,0.8,"D017445","C17.800.862",17,"Description: Skin diseases affecting or involving the cutaneous<br>blood vessels and generally manifested as inflammation, swelling,<br>erythema, or necrosis in the affected area.",""],["Dermatitis",111868,1.6,"D003872","C17.800.174",29,"Description: Any inflammation of the skin.",""],["Skin Diseases, Eczematous",72496,1.0,"D017443","C17.800.815",16,"Description: Any of a variety of eruptive skin disorders<br>characterized by erythema, oozing, vesiculation, and scaling.<br>Etiology is varied.",""],["Skin Diseases, Infectious",116354,1.7,"D012874","C17.800.838",63,"Description: Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites,<br>or viruses.",""],["Erythema",21004,0.3,"D004890","C17.800.229",9,"Description: Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the<br>capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease<br>processes.",""],["Skin Abnormalities",32108,0.5,"D012868","C17.800.804",34,"Description: Congenital structural abnormalities of the skin.",""],["Skin Diseases, Genetic",72824,1.0,"D012873","C17.800.827",59,"Description: Diseases of the skin with a genetic component,<br>usually the result of various inborn errors of metabolism.",""],["Collagen Diseases",21880,0.3,"D003095","C17.300.200",10,"Description: Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and<br>chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus<br>erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis,<br>etc. This classification was based on the notion that \"collagen\"<br>was equivalent to \"connective tissue\", but with the present<br>recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates<br>derived from them as distinct entities, the term \"collagen<br>diseases\" now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions<br>in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects<br>collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or<br>extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of<br>Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)",""],["Hair Diseases",24182,0.3,"D006201","C17.800.329",12,"Description: Diseases affecting the orderly growth and<br>persistence of hair.",""],["Mucinoses",12737,0.2,"D017520","C17.300.550",12,"Description: Mucoid states characterized by the elevated<br>deposition and accumulation of mucin (mucopolysaccharides) in<br>dermal tissue. The fibroblasts are responsible for the production<br>of acid mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in the ground<br>substance of the connective tissue system. When fibroblasts<br>produce abnormally large quantities of mucopolysaccharides as<br>hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, or heparin, they accumulate<br>in large amounts in the dermis.",""],["Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia",973,0.0,"D000796","C17.800.060",0,"Description: Solitary or multiple benign cutaneous nodules<br>comprised of immature and mature vascular structures intermingled<br>with endothelial cells and a varied infiltrate of eosinophils,<br>histiocytes, lymphocytes, and mast cells.",""],["Rheumatic Diseases",148203,2.1,"D012216","C17.300.775",10,"Description: Disorders of connective tissue, especially the<br>joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation,<br>degeneration, or metabolic derangement.",""],["Keratosis",25750,0.4,"D007642","C17.800.428",22,"Description: Any horny growth such as a wart or callus.",""],["Cartilage Diseases",12138,0.2,"D002357","C17.300.182",9,"Description: Pathological processes involving the chondral tissue<br>(CARTILAGE).",""],["Cellulitis",6299,0.1,"D002481","C17.300.185",1,"Description: An acute, diffuse, and suppurative inflammation of<br>loose connective tissue, particularly the deep subcutaneous<br>tissues, and sometimes muscle, which is most commonly seen as a<br>result of infection of a wound, ulcer, or other skin lesions.",""],["Cutis Laxa",765,0.0,"D003483","C17.300.230",0,"Description: A group of connective tissue diseases in which skin<br>hangs in loose pendulous folds. It is believed to be associated<br>with decreased elastic tissue formation as well as an abnormality<br>in elastin formation. Cutis laxa is usually a genetic disease,<br>but acquired cases have been reported. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Skin Ulcer",47870,0.7,"D012883","C17.800.893",7,"Description: An ULCER of the skin and underlying tissues.",""],["Dermatomyositis",7871,0.1,"D003882","C17.300.250",0,"Description: A subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle<br>and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a characteristic<br>skin rash. The illness occurs with approximately equal frequency<br>in children and adults. The skin lesions usually take the form of<br>a purplish rash (or less often an exfoliative dermatitis)<br>involving the nose, cheeks, forehead, upper trunk, and arms. The<br>disease is associated with a complement mediated intramuscular<br>microangiopathy, leading to loss of capillaries, muscle ischemia,<br>muscle-fiber necrosis, and perifascicular atrophy. The childhood<br>form of this disease tends to evolve into a systemic vasculitis.<br>Dermatomyositis may occur in association with malignant<br>neoplasms. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1405-6)",""],["Dermatomyositis",7871,0.1,"D003882","C17.800.185",0,"Description: A subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle<br>and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a characteristic<br>skin rash. The illness occurs with approximately equal frequency<br>in children and adults. The skin lesions usually take the form of<br>a purplish rash (or less often an exfoliative dermatitis)<br>involving the nose, cheeks, forehead, upper trunk, and arms. The<br>disease is associated with a complement mediated intramuscular<br>microangiopathy, leading to loss of capillaries, muscle ischemia,<br>muscle-fiber necrosis, and perifascicular atrophy. The childhood<br>form of this disease tends to evolve into a systemic vasculitis.<br>Dermatomyositis may occur in association with malignant<br>neoplasms. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1405-6)",""],["Dupuytren Contracture",2816,0.0,"D004387","C17.300.270",0,"Description: A fibromatosis of the palmar fascia characterized by<br>thickening and contracture of the fibrous bands on the palmar<br>surfaces of the hand and fingers. It arises most commonly in men<br>between the ages of 30 and 50.",""],["Pyoderma",5189,0.1,"D011711","C17.800.695",2,"Description: Any purulent skin disease (Dorland, 27th ed).",""],["Panniculitis",4044,0.1,"D015434","C17.300.710",4,"Description: General term for inflammation of adipose tissue,<br>usually of the skin, characterized by reddened subcutaneous<br>nodules.",""],["Panniculitis",3560,0.1,"D015434","C17.800.566",3,"Description: General term for inflammation of adipose tissue,<br>usually of the skin, characterized by reddened subcutaneous<br>nodules.",""],["Exanthema",5910,0.1,"D005076","C17.800.257",1,"Description: Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a<br>prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were<br>described with similar rashes; they were numbered in the order in<br>which they were reported. Only the fourth (Duke's disease), fifth<br>(ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM), and sixth (EXANTHEMA SUBITUM) numeric<br>designations survive as occasional synonyms in current<br>terminology.",""],["Facial Dermatoses",6333,0.1,"D005148","C17.800.271",1,"Description: Skin diseases involving the FACE.",""],["Sweat Gland Diseases",12381,0.2,"D013543","C17.800.946",8,"Description: Diseases of the SWEAT GLANDS.",""],["Hand Dermatoses",6139,0.1,"D006229","C17.800.338",0,"Description: Skin diseases involving the HANDS.",""],["Homocystinuria",1392,0.0,"D006712","C17.300.428",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine<br>metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-<br>SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma<br>and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus,<br>SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin<br>blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased<br>incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop<br>fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR<br>ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979)",""],["Photosensitivity Disorders",11541,0.2,"D010787","C17.800.600",5,"Description: Abnormal responses to sunlight or artificial light<br>due to extreme reactivity of light-absorbing molecules in<br>tissues. It refers almost exclusively to skin photosensitivity,<br>including sunburn, reactions due to repeated prolonged exposure<br>in the absence of photosensitizing factors, and reactions<br>requiring photosensitizing factors such as photosensitizing<br>agents and certain diseases. With restricted reference to skin<br>tissue, it does not include photosensitivity of the eye to light,<br>as in photophobia or photosensitive epilepsy.",""],["Keratoacanthoma",1657,0.0,"D007636","C17.800.417",0,"Description: A benign, non-neoplastic, usually self-limiting<br>epithelial lesion closely resembling squamous cell carcinoma<br>clinically and histopathologically. It occurs in solitary,<br>multiple, and eruptive forms. The solitary and multiple forms<br>occur on sunlight exposed areas and are identical histologically;<br>they affect primarily white males. The eruptive form usually<br>involves both sexes and appears as a generalized papular<br>eruption.",""],["Leg Dermatoses",1591,0.0,"D007868","C17.800.446",0,"Description: A nonspecific term used to denote any cutaneous<br>lesion or group of lesions, or eruptions of any type on the leg.<br>(From Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Skin Diseases, Papulosquamous",60748,0.9,"D017444","C17.800.859",15,"Description: A group of dermatoses with distinct morphologic<br>features. The primary lesion is most commonly a papule, usually<br>erythematous, with a variable degree of scaling on the surface.<br>Plaques form through the coalescing of primary lesions.",""],["Skin Diseases, Metabolic",5469,0.1,"D012875","C17.800.849",5,"Description: Diseases of the skin associated with underlying<br>metabolic disorders.",""],["Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous",5172,0.1,"D008178","C17.300.475",2,"Description: A form of lupus erythematosus in which the skin may<br>be the only organ involved or in which skin involvement precedes<br>the spread into other body systems. It has been classified into<br>three forms - acute (= LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC with skin<br>lesions), subacute, and chronic (= LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, DISCOID).",""],["Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous",5172,0.1,"D008178","C17.800.480",2,"Description: A form of lupus erythematosus in which the skin may<br>be the only organ involved or in which skin involvement precedes<br>the spread into other body systems. It has been classified into<br>three forms - acute (= LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC with skin<br>lesions), subacute, and chronic (= LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, DISCOID).",""],["Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic",61172,0.9,"D008180","C17.300.480",2,"Description: A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often<br>febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue,<br>characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints,<br>kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is<br>thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of<br>the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of<br>system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate,<br>and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.",""],["Marfan Syndrome",5579,0.1,"D008382","C17.300.500",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE<br>with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton.<br>Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE,<br>dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features<br>include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long<br>limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome<br>(type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding<br>FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils<br>of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II<br>TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome<br>type 2.",""],["Mixed Connective Tissue Disease",1361,0.0,"D008947","C17.300.540",0,"Description: A syndrome with overlapping clinical features of<br>systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, polymyositis, and<br>Raynaud's phenomenon. The disease is differentially characterized<br>by high serum titers of antibodies to ribonuclease-sensitive<br>extractable (saline soluble) nuclear antigen and a \"speckled\"<br>epidermal nuclear staining pattern on direct immunofluorescence.",""],["Nail Diseases",11496,0.2,"D009260","C17.800.529",8,"Description: Diseases of the nail plate and tissues surrounding<br>it. The concept is limited to primates.",""],["Necrobiotic Disorders",1992,0.0,"D017441","C17.800.550",3,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by swelling,<br>basophilia, and distortion of collagen bundles in the dermis.",""],["Noonan Syndrome",1718,0.0,"D009634","C17.300.690",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous, multifaceted disorder<br>characterized by short stature, webbed neck, ptosis, skeletal<br>malformations, hypertelorism, hormonal imbalance, CRYPTORCHIDISM,<br>multiple cardiac abnormalities (most commonly including PULMONARY<br>VALVE STENOSIS), and some degree of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. The<br>phenotype bears similarities to that of TURNER SYNDROME that<br>occurs only in females and has its basis in a 45, X karyotype<br>abnormality. Noonan syndrome occurs in both males and females<br>with a normal karyotype (46,XX and 46,XY). Mutations in a several<br>genes (PTPN11, KRAS, SOS1, NF1 and RAF1) have been associated the<br>NS phenotype. Mutations in PTPN11 are the most common. LEOPARD<br>SYNDROME, a disorder that has clinical features overlapping those<br>of Noonan Syndrome, is also due to mutations in PTPN11. In<br>addition, there is overlap with the syndrome called<br>neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome due to mutations in NF1.",""],["Osteopoikilosis",377,0.0,"D010023","C17.300.705",0,"Description: An asymptomatic, autosomal dominant trait in which<br>pea-sized sclerotic spots, prominent in the metaphyseal area, are<br>accompanied by unique cutaneous lesions. These are yellowish<br>papules or plaques with increased elastin content. (From Cecil<br>Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, pp1434-35)",""],["Penile Induration",2214,0.0,"D010411","C17.300.715",0,"Description: A condition characterized by hardening of the PENIS<br>due to the formation of fibrous plaques on the dorsolateral<br>aspect of the PENIS, usually involving the membrane (tunica<br>albuginea) surrounding the erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum<br>penis). This may eventually cause a painful deformity of the<br>shaft or constriction of the urethra, or both.",""],["Prurigo",1195,0.0,"D011536","C17.800.674",0,"Description: A name applied to several itchy skin eruptions of<br>unknown cause. The characteristic course is the formation of a<br>dome-shaped papule with a small transient vesicle on top,<br>followed by crusting over or lichenification. (From Dorland, 27th<br>ed)",""],["Pruritus",9347,0.1,"D011537","C17.800.685",2,"Description: An intense itching sensation that produces the urge<br>to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.",""],["Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum",1687,0.0,"D011561","C17.300.766",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of connective tissue with<br>extensive degeneration and calcification of ELASTIC TISSUE<br>primarily in the skin, eye, and vasculature. At least two forms<br>exist, autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. This disorder<br>is caused by mutations of one of the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE<br>TRANSPORTERS. Patients are predisposed to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Rosacea",3445,0.0,"D012393","C17.800.716",1,"Description: A cutaneous disorder primarily of convexities of the<br>central part of the FACE, such as FOREHEAD; CHEEK; NOSE; and<br>CHIN. It is characterized by FLUSHING; ERYTHEMA; EDEMA;<br>RHINOPHYMA; papules; and ocular symptoms. It may occur at any age<br>but typically after age 30. There are various subtypes of<br>rosacea: erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous, and<br>ocular (National Rosacea Society's Expert Committee on the<br>Classification and Staging of Rosacea, J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;<br>46:584-7).",""],["Scalp Dermatoses",5395,0.1,"D012536","C17.800.738",3,"Description: Skin diseases involving the SCALP.",""],["Scleredema Adultorum",390,0.0,"D012592","C17.800.751",0,"Description: A diffuse, non-pitting induration of the skin of<br>unknown etiology that occurs most commonly in association with<br>diabetes mellitus, predominantly in females. It typically begins<br>on the face or head and spreads to other areas of the body,<br>sometimes involving noncutaneous tissues. Often it is preceded by<br>any of various infections, notably staphylococcal infections. The<br>condition resolves spontaneously, usually within two years of<br>onset. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Scleroderma, Localized",4380,0.1,"D012594","C17.300.787",0,"Description: A term used to describe a variety of localized<br>asymmetrical SKIN thickening that is similar to those of SYSTEMIC<br>SCLERODERMA but without the disease features in the multiple<br>internal organs and BLOOD VESSELS. Lesions may be characterized<br>as patches or plaques (morphea), bands (linear), or nodules.",""],["Scleroderma, Localized",4380,0.1,"D012594","C17.800.767",0,"Description: A term used to describe a variety of localized<br>asymmetrical SKIN thickening that is similar to those of SYSTEMIC<br>SCLERODERMA but without the disease features in the multiple<br>internal organs and BLOOD VESSELS. Lesions may be characterized<br>as patches or plaques (morphea), bands (linear), or nodules.",""],["Scleroderma, Systemic",21726,0.3,"D012595","C17.300.799",3,"Description: A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE<br>TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS,<br>the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the<br>MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased<br>small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for<br>its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into<br>subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and<br>DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA.",""],["Scleroderma, Systemic",21726,0.3,"D012595","C17.800.784",3,"Description: A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE<br>TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS,<br>the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the<br>MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased<br>small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for<br>its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into<br>subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and<br>DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA.",""],["Skin Neoplasms",133093,1.9,"D012878","C17.800.882",6,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.",""],["Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile",1012,0.0,"D014972","C17.800.973",0,"Description: Benign disorder of infants and children caused by<br>proliferation of HISTIOCYTES, macrophages found in tissues. These<br>histiocytes, usually lipid-laden non-Langerhans cells, form<br>multiple yellow-red nodules most often in the skin, the eye, and<br>sometimes in the viscera. Patients appear to have normal lipid<br>metabolism and are classified as a normolipemic non-Langerhans<br>cell histiocytosis.",""],["Cutaneous Fistula",2610,0.0,"D017577","C17.800.135",0,"Description: An abnormal passage or communication leading from an<br>internal organ to the surface of the body.",""],["Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy",546,0.0,"D054989","C17.800.553",0,"Description: A chronic, acquired, idiopathic, progressive<br>eruption of the skin that occurs in the context of RENAL FAILURE.<br>It is sometimes accompanied by systemic fibrosis. The<br>pathogenesis seems to be multifactorial, with postulated<br>involvement of circulating fibrocytes. There is a strong<br>association between this disorder and the use of gadolinium-based<br>contrast agents.",""],["Morgellons Disease",64,0.0,"D055535","C17.800.518",0,"Description: An unexplained illness which is characterized by<br>skin manifestations including non-healing lesions, itching, and<br>the appearance of fibers.",""],["Weill-Marchesani Syndrome",45,0.0,"D056846","C17.300.899",0,"Description: Rare congenital disorder of connective tissue<br>characterized by brachydactyly, joint stiffness, childhood onset<br>of ocular abnormalities (e.g., microspherophakia, ECTOPIA LENTIS;<br>GLAUCOMA), and proportionate short stature. Cardiovascular<br>anomalies are occasionally seen.",""],["Anetoderma",114,0.0,"D057088","C17.300.116",0,"Description: Benign DERMATOSIS caused by a loss of dermal ELASTIC<br>TISSUE resulting in localized sac-like areas of flaccid skin. It<br>can be either primary (idiopathic) or secondary to other skin<br>conditions, PENICILLAMINE use, or premature birth.",""],["Necrolytic Migratory Erythema",77,0.0,"D058568","C17.800.551",0,"Description: Recurrent cutaneous manifestation of GLUCAGONOMA<br>characterized by necrolytic polycyclic migratory lesions with<br>scaling borders. It is associated with elevated secretion of<br>GLUCAGON by the tumor. Other conditions with elevated serum<br>glucagon levels such as HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS may also result in<br>similar skin lesions, which are referred to as pseudoglucagonoma<br>syndrome.",""],["Lipedema",212,0.0,"D065134","C17.300.451",0,"Description: Disorder of adipose tissue characterized by<br>symmetric and bilateral enlargement of the lower extremities due<br>to abnormal deposition of SUBCUTANEOUS FAT often in obese women.<br>It is associated with HEMATOMA, pain and may progress to<br>secondary LYMPHEDEMA which is known as lipolymphedema.",""],["Skin Diseases",1459489,20.8,"D012871","C17.800",455,"Description: Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.",""],["Connective Tissue Diseases",331054,4.7,"D003240","C17.300",81,"Description: A heterogeneous group of disorders, some hereditary,<br>others acquired, characterized by abnormal structure or function<br>of one or more of the elements of connective tissue, i.e.,<br>collagen, elastin, or the mucopolysaccharides.",""],["Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases",1790543,25.6,"D017437","C17",538,"Description: A collective term for diseases of the skin and its<br>appendages and of connective tissue.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Disease",416,0.0,"D012497","C18.452.132.100.435.825.300.300.249",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons<br>and other tissues. It is caused by mutation in the common beta<br>subunit of HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B. Thus this<br>disease is also known as the O variant since both hexosaminidase<br>A and B are missing. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from<br>TAY-SACHS DISEASE.",""],["Sandhoff Disease",416,0.0,"D012497","C18.452.584.563.641.803.350.300.700",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons<br>and other tissues. It is caused by mutation in the common beta<br>subunit of HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B. Thus this<br>disease is also known as the O variant since both hexosaminidase<br>A and B are missing. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from<br>TAY-SACHS DISEASE.",""],["Sandhoff Disease",416,0.0,"D012497","C18.452.648.189.435.825.300.300.249",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons<br>and other tissues. It is caused by mutation in the common beta<br>subunit of HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B. Thus this<br>disease is also known as the O variant since both hexosaminidase<br>A and B are missing. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from<br>TAY-SACHS DISEASE.",""],["Sandhoff Disease",416,0.0,"D012497","C18.452.648.398.641.803.350.300.700",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons<br>and other tissues. It is caused by mutation in the common beta<br>subunit of HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B. Thus this<br>disease is also known as the O variant since both hexosaminidase<br>A and B are missing. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from<br>TAY-SACHS DISEASE.",""],["Sandhoff Disease",416,0.0,"D012497","C18.452.648.595.554.825.300.300.800",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons<br>and other tissues. It is caused by mutation in the common beta<br>subunit of HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B. Thus this<br>disease is also known as the O variant since both hexosaminidase<br>A and B are missing. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from<br>TAY-SACHS DISEASE.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease",1043,0.0,"D013661","C18.452.132.100.435.825.300.300.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by the onset in infancy of an exaggerated startle<br>response, followed by paralysis, dementia, and blindness. It is<br>caused by mutation in the alpha subunit of the HEXOSAMINIDASE A<br>resulting in lipid-laden ganglion cells. It is also known as the<br>B variant (with increased HEXOSAMINIDASE B but absence of<br>hexosaminidase A) and is strongly associated with Ashkenazic<br>Jewish ancestry.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease",1043,0.0,"D013661","C18.452.584.563.641.803.350.300.850",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by the onset in infancy of an exaggerated startle<br>response, followed by paralysis, dementia, and blindness. It is<br>caused by mutation in the alpha subunit of the HEXOSAMINIDASE A<br>resulting in lipid-laden ganglion cells. It is also known as the<br>B variant (with increased HEXOSAMINIDASE B but absence of<br>hexosaminidase A) and is strongly associated with Ashkenazic<br>Jewish ancestry.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease",1043,0.0,"D013661","C18.452.648.189.435.825.300.300.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by the onset in infancy of an exaggerated startle<br>response, followed by paralysis, dementia, and blindness. It is<br>caused by mutation in the alpha subunit of the HEXOSAMINIDASE A<br>resulting in lipid-laden ganglion cells. It is also known as the<br>B variant (with increased HEXOSAMINIDASE B but absence of<br>hexosaminidase A) and is strongly associated with Ashkenazic<br>Jewish ancestry.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease",1043,0.0,"D013661","C18.452.648.398.641.803.350.300.850",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by the onset in infancy of an exaggerated startle<br>response, followed by paralysis, dementia, and blindness. It is<br>caused by mutation in the alpha subunit of the HEXOSAMINIDASE A<br>resulting in lipid-laden ganglion cells. It is also known as the<br>B variant (with increased HEXOSAMINIDASE B but absence of<br>hexosaminidase A) and is strongly associated with Ashkenazic<br>Jewish ancestry.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease",1043,0.0,"D013661","C18.452.648.595.554.825.300.300.840",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>characterized by the onset in infancy of an exaggerated startle<br>response, followed by paralysis, dementia, and blindness. It is<br>caused by mutation in the alpha subunit of the HEXOSAMINIDASE A<br>resulting in lipid-laden ganglion cells. It is also known as the<br>B variant (with increased HEXOSAMINIDASE B but absence of<br>hexosaminidase A) and is strongly associated with Ashkenazic<br>Jewish ancestry.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant",2,0.0,"D049290","C18.452.132.100.435.825.300.300.750",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins<br>with muscle weakness, then progresses to startle reaction,<br>retardation and seizures. It is characterized by the accumulation<br>of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons that is caused by a lack of G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN function. The AB variant designation refers to<br>the increase of both HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B in<br>tissues that lack of G(M2) activator protein.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant",2,0.0,"D049290","C18.452.584.563.641.803.350.300.925",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins<br>with muscle weakness, then progresses to startle reaction,<br>retardation and seizures. It is characterized by the accumulation<br>of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons that is caused by a lack of G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN function. The AB variant designation refers to<br>the increase of both HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B in<br>tissues that lack of G(M2) activator protein.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant",2,0.0,"D049290","C18.452.648.189.435.825.300.300.750",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins<br>with muscle weakness, then progresses to startle reaction,<br>retardation and seizures. It is characterized by the accumulation<br>of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons that is caused by a lack of G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN function. The AB variant designation refers to<br>the increase of both HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B in<br>tissues that lack of G(M2) activator protein.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant",2,0.0,"D049290","C18.452.648.398.641.803.350.300.925",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins<br>with muscle weakness, then progresses to startle reaction,<br>retardation and seizures. It is characterized by the accumulation<br>of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons that is caused by a lack of G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN function. The AB variant designation refers to<br>the increase of both HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B in<br>tissues that lack of G(M2) activator protein.",""],["Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant",2,0.0,"D049290","C18.452.648.595.554.825.300.300.920",0,"Description: A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins<br>with muscle weakness, then progresses to startle reaction,<br>retardation and seizures. It is characterized by the accumulation<br>of G(M2) GANGLIOSIDE in neurons that is caused by a lack of G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN function. The AB variant designation refers to<br>the increase of both HEXOSAMINIDASE A and HEXOSAMINIDASE B in<br>tissues that lack of G(M2) activator protein.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C18.654.521.500.133.770.734.875.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia",12,0.0,"D000090542","C18.452.584.500.500.644.475.500",0,"Description: A rare inherited genetic disorder, one form of<br>HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE II, characterized by high level of LOW-<br>DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) which if not treated could elevate the<br>chance of heart attack at an early age.",""],["Anemia, Pernicious",4440,0.1,"D000752","C18.654.521.500.133.699.923.280",0,"Description: A megaloblastic anemia occurring in children but<br>more commonly in later life, characterized by histamine-fast<br>achlorhydria, in which the laboratory and clinical manifestations<br>are based on malabsorption of vitamin B 12 due to a failure of<br>the gastric mucosa to secrete adequate and potent intrinsic<br>factor. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Beriberi",666,0.0,"D001602","C18.654.521.500.133.699.827.223",0,"Description: A disease caused by a deficiency of thiamine<br>(vitamin B1) and characterized by polyneuritis, cardiac<br>pathology, and edema. The epidemic form is found primarily in<br>areas in which white (polished) rice is the staple food, as in<br>Japan, China, the Philippines, India, and other countries of<br>southeast Asia. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C18.452.132.100.435.825.850.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C18.452.584.563.641.803.925.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C18.452.648.189.435.825.850.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C18.452.648.398.641.803.925.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C18.452.648.595.554.825.850.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Osteomalacia",3371,0.0,"D010018","C18.654.521.500.133.770.734.640",0,"Description: Disorder caused by an interruption of the<br>mineralization of organic bone matrix leading to bone softening,<br>bone pain, and weakness. It is the adult form of rickets<br>resulting from disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM<br>homeostasis.",""],["Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder",2928,0.0,"D012080","C18.654.521.500.133.770.734.750",0,"Description: Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development<br>due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3<br>synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative<br>feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.",""],["Gangliosidoses, GM2",1584,0.0,"D020143","C18.452.132.100.435.825.300.300",3,"Description: A group of recessively inherited diseases<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2)<br>GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of<br>enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of<br>GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS.",""],["Gangliosidoses, GM2",1584,0.0,"D020143","C18.452.584.563.641.803.350.300",3,"Description: A group of recessively inherited diseases<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2)<br>GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of<br>enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of<br>GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS.",""],["Gangliosidoses, GM2",1584,0.0,"D020143","C18.452.648.189.435.825.300.300",3,"Description: A group of recessively inherited diseases<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2)<br>GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of<br>enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of<br>GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS.",""],["Gangliosidoses, GM2",1584,0.0,"D020143","C18.452.648.398.641.803.350.300",3,"Description: A group of recessively inherited diseases<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2)<br>GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of<br>enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of<br>GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS.",""],["Gangliosidoses, GM2",1584,0.0,"D020143","C18.452.648.595.554.825.300.300",3,"Description: A group of recessively inherited diseases<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2)<br>GANGLIOSIDE in the neuronal cells. Subtypes include mutations of<br>enzymes in the BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES system or G(M2)<br>ACTIVATOR PROTEIN leading to disruption of normal degradation of<br>GANGLIOSIDES, a subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS.",""],["Wernicke Encephalopathy",1647,0.0,"D014899","C18.654.521.500.133.699.827.822",0,"Description: An acute neurological disorder characterized by the<br>triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and disturbances of mental<br>activity or consciousness. Eye movement abnormalities include<br>nystagmus, external rectus palsies, and reduced conjugate gaze.<br>THIAMINE DEFICIENCY and chronic ALCOHOLISM are associated<br>conditions. Pathologic features include periventricular petechial<br>hemorrhages and neuropil breakdown in the diencephalon and<br>brainstem. Chronic thiamine deficiency may lead to KORSAKOFF<br>SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1139-42; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed,<br>pp452-3)",""],["Gangliosidosis, GM1",380,0.0,"D016537","C18.452.132.100.435.825.300.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE<br>and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous<br>system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA,<br>poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and<br>facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS;<br>SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features<br>progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7)",""],["Gangliosidosis, GM1",380,0.0,"D016537","C18.452.584.563.641.803.350.360",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE<br>and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous<br>system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA,<br>poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and<br>facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS;<br>SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features<br>progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7)",""],["Gangliosidosis, GM1",380,0.0,"D016537","C18.452.648.189.435.825.300.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE<br>and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous<br>system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA,<br>poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and<br>facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS;<br>SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features<br>progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7)",""],["Gangliosidosis, GM1",380,0.0,"D016537","C18.452.648.398.641.803.350.360",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE<br>and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous<br>system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA,<br>poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and<br>facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS;<br>SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features<br>progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7)",""],["Gangliosidosis, GM1",380,0.0,"D016537","C18.452.648.595.554.825.300.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder<br>caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE<br>and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous<br>system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA,<br>poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and<br>facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS;<br>SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features<br>progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7)",""],["Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease",45,0.0,"D052517","C18.452.132.100.435.825.850.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the<br>intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containing lipids<br>(sulfatides) and MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Excess levels of both<br>substrates are present in urine. This is a disorder of multiple<br>sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused<br>by the mutation of sulfatase-modifying factor-1. Neurological<br>deterioration is rapid.",""],["Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease",45,0.0,"D052517","C18.452.584.563.641.803.925.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the<br>intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containing lipids<br>(sulfatides) and MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Excess levels of both<br>substrates are present in urine. This is a disorder of multiple<br>sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused<br>by the mutation of sulfatase-modifying factor-1. Neurological<br>deterioration is rapid.",""],["Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease",45,0.0,"D052517","C18.452.648.189.435.825.850.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the<br>intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containing lipids<br>(sulfatides) and MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Excess levels of both<br>substrates are present in urine. This is a disorder of multiple<br>sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused<br>by the mutation of sulfatase-modifying factor-1. Neurological<br>deterioration is rapid.",""],["Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease",45,0.0,"D052517","C18.452.648.398.641.803.925.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the<br>intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containing lipids<br>(sulfatides) and MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Excess levels of both<br>substrates are present in urine. This is a disorder of multiple<br>sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused<br>by the mutation of sulfatase-modifying factor-1. Neurological<br>deterioration is rapid.",""],["Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease",45,0.0,"D052517","C18.452.648.595.554.825.850.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the<br>intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containing lipids<br>(sulfatides) and MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Excess levels of both<br>substrates are present in urine. This is a disorder of multiple<br>sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused<br>by the mutation of sulfatase-modifying factor-1. Neurological<br>deterioration is rapid.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A",100,0.0,"D052536","C18.452.132.100.435.825.700.500",0,"Description: The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease,<br>caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE. It is<br>characterized by accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS in the cells of<br>the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM and other cell throughout the<br>body leading to cell death. Clinical signs include JAUNDICE,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, and severe brain damage.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A",100,0.0,"D052536","C18.452.584.563.641.803.730.500",0,"Description: The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease,<br>caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE. It is<br>characterized by accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS in the cells of<br>the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM and other cell throughout the<br>body leading to cell death. Clinical signs include JAUNDICE,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, and severe brain damage.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A",100,0.0,"D052536","C18.452.648.189.435.825.700.500",0,"Description: The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease,<br>caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE. It is<br>characterized by accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS in the cells of<br>the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM and other cell throughout the<br>body leading to cell death. Clinical signs include JAUNDICE,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, and severe brain damage.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A",100,0.0,"D052536","C18.452.648.398.641.803.730.500",0,"Description: The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease,<br>caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE. It is<br>characterized by accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS in the cells of<br>the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM and other cell throughout the<br>body leading to cell death. Clinical signs include JAUNDICE,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, and severe brain damage.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A",100,0.0,"D052536","C18.452.648.595.554.825.700.500",0,"Description: The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease,<br>caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE. It is<br>characterized by accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS in the cells of<br>the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM and other cell throughout the<br>body leading to cell death. Clinical signs include JAUNDICE,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, and severe brain damage.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B",106,0.0,"D052537","C18.452.132.100.435.825.700.750",0,"Description: An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE,<br>a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN<br>PHOSPHODIESTERASE but clinical signs involve only visceral organs<br>(non-neuropathic type).",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B",106,0.0,"D052537","C18.452.584.563.641.803.730.750",0,"Description: An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE,<br>a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN<br>PHOSPHODIESTERASE but clinical signs involve only visceral organs<br>(non-neuropathic type).",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B",106,0.0,"D052537","C18.452.648.189.435.825.700.750",0,"Description: An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE,<br>a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN<br>PHOSPHODIESTERASE but clinical signs involve only visceral organs<br>(non-neuropathic type).",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B",106,0.0,"D052537","C18.452.648.398.641.803.730.750",0,"Description: An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE,<br>a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN<br>PHOSPHODIESTERASE but clinical signs involve only visceral organs<br>(non-neuropathic type).",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B",106,0.0,"D052537","C18.452.648.595.554.825.700.750",0,"Description: An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE,<br>a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN<br>PHOSPHODIESTERASE but clinical signs involve only visceral organs<br>(non-neuropathic type).",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C",987,0.0,"D052556","C18.452.132.100.435.825.700.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that<br>is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by<br>mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates<br>intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical<br>signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological<br>symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia<br>ancestry.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C",987,0.0,"D052556","C18.452.584.563.641.803.730.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that<br>is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by<br>mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates<br>intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical<br>signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological<br>symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia<br>ancestry.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C",987,0.0,"D052556","C18.452.648.189.435.825.700.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that<br>is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by<br>mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates<br>intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical<br>signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological<br>symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia<br>ancestry.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C",987,0.0,"D052556","C18.452.648.398.641.803.730.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that<br>is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by<br>mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates<br>intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical<br>signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological<br>symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia<br>ancestry.",""],["Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C",987,0.0,"D052556","C18.452.648.595.554.825.700.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that<br>is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL and<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in cells of the VISCERA and the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM. Type C (or C1) and type D are allelic disorders caused by<br>mutation of the NPC1 gene, which encodes a protein that mediates<br>intracellular cholesterol transport from LYSOSOMES. Clinical<br>signs include hepatosplenomegaly and chronic neurological<br>symptoms. Type D is a variant in people with a Nova Scotia<br>ancestry.",""],["Subacute Combined Degeneration",213,0.0,"D052879","C18.654.521.500.133.699.923.640",0,"Description: A neuropathy due to VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY or to<br>excessive NITROUS OXIDE inhalation. It is associated with<br>overproduction of the myelinolytic TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA.",""],["Rickets, Hypophosphatemic",952,0.0,"D063730","C18.654.521.500.133.770.734.875",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA;<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; resulting from lack of phosphate<br>reabsorption by the kidneys and possible defects in vitamin D<br>metabolism.",""],["Abetalipoproteinemia",470,0.0,"D000012","C18.452.584.500.875.440.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of lipid metabolism.<br>It is caused by mutation of the microsomal triglyceride transfer<br>protein that catalyzes the transport of lipids (TRIGLYCERIDES;<br>CHOLESTEROL ESTERS; PHOSPHOLIPIDS) and is required in the<br>secretion of BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins or LDL).<br>Features include defective intestinal lipid absorption, very low<br>serum cholesterol level, and near absent LDL.",""],["Abetalipoproteinemia",470,0.0,"D000012","C18.452.584.563.500.440.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of lipid metabolism.<br>It is caused by mutation of the microsomal triglyceride transfer<br>protein that catalyzes the transport of lipids (TRIGLYCERIDES;<br>CHOLESTEROL ESTERS; PHOSPHOLIPIDS) and is required in the<br>secretion of BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins or LDL).<br>Features include defective intestinal lipid absorption, very low<br>serum cholesterol level, and near absent LDL.",""],["Abetalipoproteinemia",470,0.0,"D000012","C18.452.648.398.500.440.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of lipid metabolism.<br>It is caused by mutation of the microsomal triglyceride transfer<br>protein that catalyzes the transport of lipids (TRIGLYCERIDES;<br>CHOLESTEROL ESTERS; PHOSPHOLIPIDS) and is required in the<br>secretion of BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins or LDL).<br>Features include defective intestinal lipid absorption, very low<br>serum cholesterol level, and near absent LDL.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II",7180,0.1,"D006938","C18.452.584.500.500.644.475",1,"Description: A group of familial disorders characterized by<br>elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-<br>beta lipoproteins).",""],["Vitamin B 12 Deficiency",9689,0.1,"D014806","C18.654.521.500.133.699.923",2,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>VITAMIN B 12 in the diet, characterized by megaloblastic anemia.<br>Since vitamin B 12 is not present in plants, humans have obtained<br>their supply from animal products, from multivitamin supplements<br>in the form of pills, and as additives to food preparations. A<br>wide variety of neuropsychiatric abnormalities is also seen in<br>vitamin B 12 deficiency and appears to be due to an undefined<br>defect involving myelin synthesis. (From Cecil Textbook of<br>Medicine, 19th ed, p848)",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.1,"D000795","C18.452.132.100.435.825.200",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.1,"D000795","C18.452.584.563.641.803.300",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.1,"D000795","C18.452.648.189.435.825.200",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.1,"D000795","C18.452.648.398.641.803.300",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Fabry Disease",4379,0.1,"D000795","C18.452.648.595.554.825.200",0,"Description: An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is<br>characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of<br>globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood<br>vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications<br>including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders.",""],["Thiamine Deficiency",4652,0.1,"D013832","C18.654.521.500.133.699.827",2,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>THIAMINE in the diet, characterized by anorexia, irritability,<br>and weight loss. Later, patients experience weakness, peripheral<br>neuropathy, headache, and tachycardia. In addition to being<br>caused by a poor diet, thiamine deficiency in the United States<br>most commonly occurs as a result of alcoholism, since ethanol<br>interferes with thiamine absorption. In countries relying on<br>polished rice as a dietary staple, BERIBERI prevalence is very<br>high. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1171)",""],["Choline Deficiency",955,0.0,"D002796","C18.654.521.500.133.699.160",0,"Description: A condition produced by a deficiency of CHOLINE in<br>animals. Choline is known as a lipotropic agent because it has<br>been shown to promote the transport of excess fat from the liver<br>under certain conditions in laboratory animals. Combined<br>deficiency of choline (included in the B vitamin complex) and all<br>other methyl group donors causes liver cirrhosis in some animals.<br>Unlike compounds normally considered as vitamins, choline does<br>not serve as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions. (From Saunders<br>Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology,<br>1984)",""],["Folic Acid Deficiency",3206,0.0,"D005494","C18.654.521.500.133.699.308",0,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>FOLIC ACID in the diet. Many plant and animal tissues contain<br>folic acid, abundant in green leafy vegetables, yeast, liver, and<br>mushrooms but destroyed by long-term cooking. Alcohol interferes<br>with its intermediate metabolism and absorption. Folic acid<br>deficiency may develop in long-term anticonvulsant therapy or<br>with use of oral contraceptives. This deficiency causes anemia,<br>macrocytic anemia, and megaloblastic anemia. It is<br>indistinguishable from vitamin B 12 deficiency in peripheral<br>blood and bone marrow findings, but the neurologic lesions seen<br>in B 12 deficiency do not occur. (Merck Manual, 16th ed)",""],["Gangliosidoses",2351,0.0,"D005733","C18.452.132.100.435.825.300",5,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage<br>disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are<br>caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for<br>normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses<br>are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the<br>defective degradation pathway.",""],["Gangliosidoses",2351,0.0,"D005733","C18.452.584.563.641.803.350",5,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage<br>disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are<br>caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for<br>normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses<br>are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the<br>defective degradation pathway.",""],["Gangliosidoses",2351,0.0,"D005733","C18.452.648.189.435.825.300",5,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage<br>disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are<br>caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for<br>normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses<br>are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the<br>defective degradation pathway.",""],["Gangliosidoses",2351,0.0,"D005733","C18.452.648.398.641.803.350",5,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage<br>disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are<br>caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for<br>normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses<br>are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the<br>defective degradation pathway.",""],["Gangliosidoses",2351,0.0,"D005733","C18.452.648.595.554.825.300",5,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage<br>disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are<br>caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for<br>normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses<br>are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the<br>defective degradation pathway.",""],["Gaucher Disease",4761,0.1,"D005776","C18.452.132.100.435.825.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading<br>to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in<br>cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic<br>Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace<br>normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal<br>deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There<br>are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of<br>neurological involvement.",""],["Gaucher Disease",4761,0.1,"D005776","C18.452.584.563.641.803.441",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading<br>to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in<br>cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic<br>Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace<br>normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal<br>deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There<br>are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of<br>neurological involvement.",""],["Gaucher Disease",4761,0.1,"D005776","C18.452.648.189.435.825.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading<br>to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in<br>cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic<br>Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace<br>normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal<br>deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There<br>are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of<br>neurological involvement.",""],["Gaucher Disease",4761,0.1,"D005776","C18.452.648.398.641.803.441",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading<br>to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in<br>cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic<br>Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace<br>normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal<br>deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There<br>are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of<br>neurological involvement.",""],["Gaucher Disease",4761,0.1,"D005776","C18.452.648.595.554.825.400",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading<br>to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in<br>cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic<br>Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace<br>normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal<br>deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There<br>are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of<br>neurological involvement.",""],["Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding",604,0.0,"D006475","C18.654.521.500.133.912.360",0,"Description: Hemorrhage caused by vitamin K deficiency.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III",517,0.0,"D006952","C18.452.584.500.500.644.485",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited disorder<br>characterized by the accumulation of intermediate-density<br>lipoprotein (IDL or broad-beta-lipoprotein). IDL has a<br>CHOLESTEROL to TRIGLYCERIDES ratio greater than that of VERY-LOW-<br>DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. This disorder is due to mutation of<br>APOLIPOPROTEINS E, a receptor-binding component of VLDL and<br>CHYLOMICRONS, resulting in their reduced clearance and high<br>plasma levels of both cholesterol and triglycerides.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV",563,0.0,"D006953","C18.452.584.500.500.644.490",0,"Description: A hypertriglyceridemia disorder, often with<br>autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by the<br>persistent elevations of plasma TRIGLYCERIDES, endogenously<br>synthesized and contained predominantly in VERY-LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins). In contrast, the plasma<br>CHOLESTEROL and PHOSPHOLIPIDS usually remain within normal<br>limits.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV",563,0.0,"D006953","C18.452.584.500.500.851.500",0,"Description: A hypertriglyceridemia disorder, often with<br>autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by the<br>persistent elevations of plasma TRIGLYCERIDES, endogenously<br>synthesized and contained predominantly in VERY-LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins). In contrast, the plasma<br>CHOLESTEROL and PHOSPHOLIPIDS usually remain within normal<br>limits.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V",156,0.0,"D006954","C18.452.584.500.500.644.495",0,"Description: A severe type of hyperlipidemia, sometimes familial,<br>that is characterized by the elevation of both plasma<br>CHYLOMICRONS and TRIGLYCERIDES contained in VERY-LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS. Type V hyperlipoproteinemia is often associated<br>with DIABETES MELLITUS and is not caused by reduced LIPOPROTEIN<br>LIPASE activity as in HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE I .",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V",156,0.0,"D006954","C18.452.584.500.500.851.750",0,"Description: A severe type of hyperlipidemia, sometimes familial,<br>that is characterized by the elevation of both plasma<br>CHYLOMICRONS and TRIGLYCERIDES contained in VERY-LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS. Type V hyperlipoproteinemia is often associated<br>with DIABETES MELLITUS and is not caused by reduced LIPOPROTEIN<br>LIPASE activity as in HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE I .",""],["Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency",335,0.0,"D007863","C18.452.584.500.875.330.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of lipoprotein<br>metabolism caused by mutation of LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL<br>ACYLTRANSFERASE gene. It is characterized by low HDL-cholesterol<br>levels, and the triad of CORNEAL OPACITIES; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; and<br>PROTEINURIA with renal failure.",""],["Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency",335,0.0,"D007863","C18.452.584.563.500.330.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of lipoprotein<br>metabolism caused by mutation of LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL<br>ACYLTRANSFERASE gene. It is characterized by low HDL-cholesterol<br>levels, and the triad of CORNEAL OPACITIES; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; and<br>PROTEINURIA with renal failure.",""],["Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency",335,0.0,"D007863","C18.452.648.398.500.330.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of lipoprotein<br>metabolism caused by mutation of LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL<br>ACYLTRANSFERASE gene. It is characterized by low HDL-cholesterol<br>levels, and the triad of CORNEAL OPACITIES; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; and<br>PROTEINURIA with renal failure.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C18.452.132.100.435.825.590",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C18.452.584.563.641.803.585",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C18.452.648.189.435.825.590",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C18.452.648.398.641.803.585",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C18.452.648.595.554.825.590",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Sulfatidosis",1173,0.0,"D052516","C18.452.132.100.435.825.850",2,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-<br>containing lipids (SULFATIDES), including SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS<br>normally found in the MYELIN SHEATH of the brain. These disorders<br>are caused by defective degradative enzymes leading to substrate<br>accumulation (or storage).",""],["Sulfatidosis",1173,0.0,"D052516","C18.452.584.563.641.803.925",2,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-<br>containing lipids (SULFATIDES), including SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS<br>normally found in the MYELIN SHEATH of the brain. These disorders<br>are caused by defective degradative enzymes leading to substrate<br>accumulation (or storage).",""],["Sulfatidosis",1173,0.0,"D052516","C18.452.648.189.435.825.850",2,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-<br>containing lipids (SULFATIDES), including SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS<br>normally found in the MYELIN SHEATH of the brain. These disorders<br>are caused by defective degradative enzymes leading to substrate<br>accumulation (or storage).",""],["Sulfatidosis",1173,0.0,"D052516","C18.452.648.398.641.803.925",2,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-<br>containing lipids (SULFATIDES), including SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS<br>normally found in the MYELIN SHEATH of the brain. These disorders<br>are caused by defective degradative enzymes leading to substrate<br>accumulation (or storage).",""],["Sulfatidosis",1173,0.0,"D052516","C18.452.648.595.554.825.850",2,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-<br>containing lipids (SULFATIDES), including SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS<br>normally found in the MYELIN SHEATH of the brain. These disorders<br>are caused by defective degradative enzymes leading to substrate<br>accumulation (or storage).",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I",593,0.0,"D008072","C18.452.584.500.500.644.237",0,"Description: An inherited condition due to a deficiency of either<br>LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE or APOLIPOPROTEIN C-II (a lipase-activating<br>protein). The lack of lipase activities results in inability to<br>remove CHYLOMICRONS and TRIGLYCERIDES from the blood which has a<br>creamy top layer after standing.",""],["Niemann-Pick Diseases",2604,0.0,"D009542","C18.452.132.100.435.825.700",3,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which<br>harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the<br>central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of<br>enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in<br>intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of<br>SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based<br>on their clinical and genetic differences.",""],["Niemann-Pick Diseases",2604,0.0,"D009542","C18.452.584.563.641.803.730",3,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which<br>harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the<br>central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of<br>enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in<br>intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of<br>SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based<br>on their clinical and genetic differences.",""],["Niemann-Pick Diseases",2604,0.0,"D009542","C18.452.648.189.435.825.700",3,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which<br>harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the<br>central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of<br>enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in<br>intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of<br>SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based<br>on their clinical and genetic differences.",""],["Niemann-Pick Diseases",2604,0.0,"D009542","C18.452.648.398.641.803.730",3,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which<br>harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the<br>central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of<br>enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in<br>intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of<br>SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based<br>on their clinical and genetic differences.",""],["Niemann-Pick Diseases",2604,0.0,"D009542","C18.452.648.595.554.825.700",3,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which<br>harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the<br>central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of<br>enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in<br>intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of<br>SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based<br>on their clinical and genetic differences.",""],["Rickets",12104,0.1,"D012279","C18.654.521.500.133.770.734",4,"Description: Disorders caused by interruption of BONE<br>MINERALIZATION manifesting as OSTEOMALACIA in adults and<br>characteristic deformities in infancy and childhood due to<br>disturbances in normal BONE FORMATION. The mineralization process<br>may be interrupted by disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or<br>CALCIUM homeostasis, resulting from dietary deficiencies, or<br>acquired, or inherited metabolic, or hormonal disturbances.",""],["Pellagra",1057,0.0,"D010383","C18.654.521.500.133.699.529",0,"Description: A disease due to deficiency of NIACIN, a B-complex<br>vitamin, or its precursor TRYPTOPHAN. It is characterized by<br>scaly DERMATITIS which is often associated with DIARRHEA and<br>DEMENTIA (the three D's).",""],["Riboflavin Deficiency",782,0.0,"D012257","C18.654.521.500.133.699.713",0,"Description: A dietary deficiency of riboflavin causing a<br>syndrome chiefly marked by cheilitis, angular stomatitis,<br>glossitis associated with a purplish red or magenta-colored<br>tongue that may show fissures, corneal vascularization,<br>dyssebacia, and anemia. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Scurvy",1996,0.0,"D012614","C18.654.521.500.133.115.661",0,"Description: An acquired blood vessel disorder caused by severe<br>deficiency of vitamin C (ASCORBIC ACID) in the diet leading to<br>defective collagen formation in small blood vessels. Scurvy is<br>characterized by bleeding in any tissue, weakness, ANEMIA, spongy<br>gums, and a brawny induration of the muscles of the calves and<br>legs.",""],["Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome",70,0.0,"D012618","C18.452.132.100.435.825.775",0,"Description: A congenital disease caused by an inborn error<br>involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID METABOLISM<br>and the accumulation of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, particularly<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in the HISTIOCYTES. This disorder is characterized<br>by SPLENOMEGALY and the sea-blue histiocytes in the spleen and<br>bone marrow after May Grunwald staining.",""],["Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome",70,0.0,"D012618","C18.452.584.563.641.803.850",0,"Description: A congenital disease caused by an inborn error<br>involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID METABOLISM<br>and the accumulation of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, particularly<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in the HISTIOCYTES. This disorder is characterized<br>by SPLENOMEGALY and the sea-blue histiocytes in the spleen and<br>bone marrow after May Grunwald staining.",""],["Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome",70,0.0,"D012618","C18.452.648.189.435.825.775",0,"Description: A congenital disease caused by an inborn error<br>involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID METABOLISM<br>and the accumulation of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, particularly<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in the HISTIOCYTES. This disorder is characterized<br>by SPLENOMEGALY and the sea-blue histiocytes in the spleen and<br>bone marrow after May Grunwald staining.",""],["Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome",70,0.0,"D012618","C18.452.648.398.641.803.850",0,"Description: A congenital disease caused by an inborn error<br>involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID METABOLISM<br>and the accumulation of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, particularly<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in the HISTIOCYTES. This disorder is characterized<br>by SPLENOMEGALY and the sea-blue histiocytes in the spleen and<br>bone marrow after May Grunwald staining.",""],["Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome",70,0.0,"D012618","C18.452.648.595.554.825.775",0,"Description: A congenital disease caused by an inborn error<br>involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID METABOLISM<br>and the accumulation of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, particularly<br>SPHINGOMYELINS in the HISTIOCYTES. This disorder is characterized<br>by SPLENOMEGALY and the sea-blue histiocytes in the spleen and<br>bone marrow after May Grunwald staining.",""],["Steatitis",75,0.0,"D013231","C18.654.521.500.133.841.682",0,"Description: A disease of cats and mink characterized by a marked<br>inflammation of adipose tissue and the deposition of \"ceroid\"<br>pigment in the interstices of the adipose cells. It is believed<br>to be caused by feeding diets containing too much unsaturated<br>fatty acid and too little vitamin E. (Merck Veterinary Manual,<br>5th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Tangier Disease",376,0.0,"D013631","C18.452.584.500.875.330.750",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited disorder caused<br>by mutation of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS involved in<br>cellular cholesterol removal (reverse-cholesterol transport). It<br>is characterized by near absence of ALPHA-LIPOPROTEINS (high-<br>density lipoproteins) in blood. The massive tissue deposition of<br>cholesterol esters results in HEPATOMEGALY; SPLENOMEGALY;<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; large orange tonsils; and often sensory<br>POLYNEUROPATHY. The disorder was first found among inhabitants of<br>Tangier Island in the Chesapeake Bay, MD.",""],["Tangier Disease",376,0.0,"D013631","C18.452.584.563.500.330.750",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited disorder caused<br>by mutation of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS involved in<br>cellular cholesterol removal (reverse-cholesterol transport). It<br>is characterized by near absence of ALPHA-LIPOPROTEINS (high-<br>density lipoproteins) in blood. The massive tissue deposition of<br>cholesterol esters results in HEPATOMEGALY; SPLENOMEGALY;<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; large orange tonsils; and often sensory<br>POLYNEUROPATHY. The disorder was first found among inhabitants of<br>Tangier Island in the Chesapeake Bay, MD.",""],["Tangier Disease",376,0.0,"D013631","C18.452.648.398.500.330.750",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited disorder caused<br>by mutation of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS involved in<br>cellular cholesterol removal (reverse-cholesterol transport). It<br>is characterized by near absence of ALPHA-LIPOPROTEINS (high-<br>density lipoproteins) in blood. The massive tissue deposition of<br>cholesterol esters results in HEPATOMEGALY; SPLENOMEGALY;<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; large orange tonsils; and often sensory<br>POLYNEUROPATHY. The disorder was first found among inhabitants of<br>Tangier Island in the Chesapeake Bay, MD.",""],["Wolman Disease",298,0.0,"D015223","C18.452.584.563.641.201.500",0,"Description: The severe infantile form of inherited lysosomal<br>lipid storage diseases due to deficiency of acid lipase (STEROL<br>ESTERASE). It is characterized by the accumulation of neutral<br>lipids, particularly CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes,<br>fibroblasts, and hepatocytes. It is also known as Wolman's<br>xanthomatosis and is an allelic variant of CHOLESTEROL ESTER<br>STORAGE DISEASE.",""],["Wolman Disease",298,0.0,"D015223","C18.452.648.398.641.201.500",0,"Description: The severe infantile form of inherited lysosomal<br>lipid storage diseases due to deficiency of acid lipase (STEROL<br>ESTERASE). It is characterized by the accumulation of neutral<br>lipids, particularly CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes,<br>fibroblasts, and hepatocytes. It is also known as Wolman's<br>xanthomatosis and is an allelic variant of CHOLESTEROL ESTER<br>STORAGE DISEASE.",""],["Hyperhomocysteinemia",3924,0.0,"D020138","C18.654.521.500.133.699.418",0,"Description: Condition in which the plasma levels of homocysteine<br>and related metabolites are elevated (>13.9 \u03bcmol/l).<br>Hyperhomocysteinemia can be familial or acquired. Development of<br>the acquired hyperhomocysteinemia is mostly associated with<br>vitamins B and/or folate deficiency (e.g., PERNICIOUS ANEMIA,<br>vitamin malabsorption). Familial hyperhomocysteinemia often<br>results in a more severe elevation of total homocysteine and<br>excretion into the urine, resulting in HOMOCYSTINURIA.<br>Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular and<br>neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporotic fractures and<br>complications during pregnancy.",""],["Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome",400,0.0,"D022861","C18.452.648.100.102.100.400",0,"Description: Syndrome characterized by the triad of<br>oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET<br>STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid<br>lipofuscin.",""],["Vitamin B 6 Deficiency",1665,0.0,"D026681","C18.654.521.500.133.699.901",0,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>VITAMIN B 6 in the diet, characterized by dermatitis, glossitis,<br>cheilosis, and stomatitis. Marked deficiency causes irritability,<br>weakness, depression, dizziness, peripheral neuropathy, and<br>seizures. In infants and children typical manifestations are<br>diarrhea, anemia, and seizures. Deficiency can be caused by<br>certain medications, such as isoniazid.",""],["Hypobetalipoproteinemia, Familial, Apolipoprotein B",40,0.0,"D052476","C18.452.584.500.875.440.750",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of lipid metabolism.<br>It is caused by mutations of APOLIPOPROTEINS B, main components<br>of CHYLOMICRONS and BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins<br>or LDL). Features include abnormally low LDL, normal triglyceride<br>level, and dietary fat malabsorption.",""],["Farber Lipogranulomatosis",67,0.0,"D055577","C18.452.132.100.435.825.250",0,"Description: A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by<br>the histological appearance of granulomatous deposits in tissues.<br>It results from the accumulation of CERAMIDES in various tissues<br>due to an inherited deficiency of ACID CERAMIDASE.",""],["Farber Lipogranulomatosis",67,0.0,"D055577","C18.452.584.563.641.803.325",0,"Description: A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by<br>the histological appearance of granulomatous deposits in tissues.<br>It results from the accumulation of CERAMIDES in various tissues<br>due to an inherited deficiency of ACID CERAMIDASE.",""],["Farber Lipogranulomatosis",67,0.0,"D055577","C18.452.648.189.435.825.250",0,"Description: A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by<br>the histological appearance of granulomatous deposits in tissues.<br>It results from the accumulation of CERAMIDES in various tissues<br>due to an inherited deficiency of ACID CERAMIDASE.",""],["Farber Lipogranulomatosis",67,0.0,"D055577","C18.452.648.398.641.803.325",0,"Description: A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by<br>the histological appearance of granulomatous deposits in tissues.<br>It results from the accumulation of CERAMIDES in various tissues<br>due to an inherited deficiency of ACID CERAMIDASE.",""],["Farber Lipogranulomatosis",67,0.0,"D055577","C18.452.648.595.554.825.250",0,"Description: A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by<br>the histological appearance of granulomatous deposits in tissues.<br>It results from the accumulation of CERAMIDES in various tissues<br>due to an inherited deficiency of ACID CERAMIDASE.",""],["Hypertriglyceridemic Waist",89,0.0,"D064250","C18.452.584.500.500.851.875",0,"Description: A screening phenotype consisting of both elevated<br>WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE and elevated fasting TRIGLYCERIDES level.",""],["Hypobetalipoproteinemias",847,0.0,"D006995","C18.452.584.500.875.440",2,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of BETA-<br>LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins or LDL) in the blood. It<br>is defined as LDL values equal to or less than the 5th percentile<br>for the population. They include the autosomal dominant form<br>involving mutation of the APOLIPOPROTEINS B gene, and the<br>autosomal recessive form involving mutation of the microsomal<br>triglyceride transfer protein. All are characterized by low LDL<br>and dietary fat malabsorption.",""],["Hypobetalipoproteinemias",807,0.0,"D006995","C18.452.584.563.500.440",1,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of BETA-<br>LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins or LDL) in the blood. It<br>is defined as LDL values equal to or less than the 5th percentile<br>for the population. They include the autosomal dominant form<br>involving mutation of the APOLIPOPROTEINS B gene, and the<br>autosomal recessive form involving mutation of the microsomal<br>triglyceride transfer protein. All are characterized by low LDL<br>and dietary fat malabsorption.",""],["Hypobetalipoproteinemias",807,0.0,"D006995","C18.452.648.398.500.440",1,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of BETA-<br>LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins or LDL) in the blood. It<br>is defined as LDL values equal to or less than the 5th percentile<br>for the population. They include the autosomal dominant form<br>involving mutation of the APOLIPOPROTEINS B gene, and the<br>autosomal recessive form involving mutation of the microsomal<br>triglyceride transfer protein. All are characterized by low LDL<br>and dietary fat malabsorption.",""],["Obesity, Metabolically Benign",340,0.0,"D000067329","C18.654.726.750.500.650",0,"Description: A sub-PHENOTYPE of obese individuals who have a risk<br>for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES between that of healthy individuals<br>with normal weight and unhealthy individuals with obesity.",""],["Obesity, Maternal",397,0.0,"D000079262","C18.654.726.750.500.633",0,"Description: BODY MASS INDEX in PREGNANT WOMEN that is<br>excessively above the recommended cut-off.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemias",11010,0.1,"D006951","C18.452.584.500.500.644",6,"Description: Conditions with abnormally elevated levels of<br>LIPOPROTEINS in the blood. They may be inherited, acquired,<br>primary, or secondary. Hyperlipoproteinemias are classified<br>according to the pattern of lipoproteins on electrophoresis or<br>ultracentrifugation.",""],["Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia",12,0.0,"D000090542","C18.452.584.563.481.500",0,"Description: A rare inherited genetic disorder, one form of<br>HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE II, characterized by high level of LOW-<br>DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) which if not treated could elevate the<br>chance of heart attack at an early age.",""],["Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia",12,0.0,"D000090542","C18.452.648.398.481.500",0,"Description: A rare inherited genetic disorder, one form of<br>HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE II, characterized by high level of LOW-<br>DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) which if not treated could elevate the<br>chance of heart attack at an early age.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C18.452.132.100.362.250",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C18.452.648.189.362.250",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Vitamin B Deficiency",27383,0.3,"D014804","C18.654.521.500.133.699",12,"Description: A condition due to deficiency in any member of the<br>VITAMIN B COMPLEX. These B vitamins are water-soluble and must be<br>obtained from the diet because they are easily lost in the urine.<br>Unlike the lipid-soluble vitamins, they cannot be stored in the<br>body fat.",""],["Sphingolipidoses",16678,0.2,"D013106","C18.452.132.100.435.825",18,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGOLIPIDS<br>primarily in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and to a variable degree<br>in the visceral organs. They are classified by the enzyme defect<br>in the degradation pathway and the substrate accumulation (or<br>storage). Clinical features vary in subtypes but<br>neurodegeneration is a common sign.",""],["Sphingolipidoses",16678,0.2,"D013106","C18.452.584.563.641.803",18,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGOLIPIDS<br>primarily in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and to a variable degree<br>in the visceral organs. They are classified by the enzyme defect<br>in the degradation pathway and the substrate accumulation (or<br>storage). Clinical features vary in subtypes but<br>neurodegeneration is a common sign.",""],["Sphingolipidoses",16678,0.2,"D013106","C18.452.648.189.435.825",18,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGOLIPIDS<br>primarily in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and to a variable degree<br>in the visceral organs. They are classified by the enzyme defect<br>in the degradation pathway and the substrate accumulation (or<br>storage). Clinical features vary in subtypes but<br>neurodegeneration is a common sign.",""],["Sphingolipidoses",16678,0.2,"D013106","C18.452.648.398.641.803",18,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGOLIPIDS<br>primarily in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and to a variable degree<br>in the visceral organs. They are classified by the enzyme defect<br>in the degradation pathway and the substrate accumulation (or<br>storage). Clinical features vary in subtypes but<br>neurodegeneration is a common sign.",""],["Sphingolipidoses",16678,0.2,"D013106","C18.452.648.595.554.825",18,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders<br>characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGOLIPIDS<br>primarily in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and to a variable degree<br>in the visceral organs. They are classified by the enzyme defect<br>in the degradation pathway and the substrate accumulation (or<br>storage). Clinical features vary in subtypes but<br>neurodegeneration is a common sign.",""],["Ascorbic Acid Deficiency",3459,0.0,"D001206","C18.654.521.500.133.115",1,"Description: A condition due to a dietary deficiency of ascorbic<br>acid (vitamin C), characterized by malaise, lethargy, and<br>weakness. As the disease progresses, joints, muscles, and<br>subcutaneous tissues may become the sites of hemorrhage. Ascorbic<br>acid deficiency frequently develops into SCURVY in young children<br>fed unsupplemented cow's milk exclusively during their first<br>year. It develops also commonly in chronic alcoholism. (Cecil<br>Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1177)",""],["Diabetes Mellitus, Lipoatrophic",205,0.0,"D003923","C18.452.394.750.149.500",0,"Description: A type of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by<br>severe INSULIN RESISTANCE and LIPODYSTROPHY. The latter may be<br>generalized, partial, acquired, or congenital (LIPODYSTROPHY,<br>CONGENITAL GENERALIZED).",""],["Fructose Intolerance",363,0.0,"D005633","C18.452.648.202.251.271",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive fructose metabolism disorder<br>due to deficient fructose-1-phosphate aldolase (EC 2.1.2.13)<br>activity, resulting in accumulation of fructose-1-phosphate. The<br>accumulated fructose-1-phosphate inhibits glycogenolysis and<br>gluconeogenesis, causing severe hypoglycemia following ingestion<br>of fructose. Prolonged fructose ingestion in infants leads<br>ultimately to hepatic failure and death. Patients develop a<br>strong distaste for sweet food, and avoid a chronic course of the<br>disease by remaining on a fructose- and sucrose-free diet.",""],["Fucosidosis",147,0.0,"D005645","C18.452.132.100.435.295",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease<br>caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activity resulting<br>in an accumulation of fucose containing SPHINGOLIPIDS;<br>GLYCOPROTEINS, and mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in<br>lysosomes. The infantile form (type I) features psychomotor<br>deterioration, MUSCLE SPASTICITY, coarse facial features, growth<br>retardation, skeletal abnormalities, visceromegaly, SEIZURES,<br>recurrent infections, and MACROGLOSSIA, with death occurring in<br>the first decade of life. Juvenile fucosidosis (type II) is the<br>more common variant and features a slowly progressive decline in<br>neurologic function and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Type II<br>survival may be through the fourth decade of life. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p87; Am J Med Genet 1991<br>Jan;38(1):111-31)",""],["Fucosidosis",147,0.0,"D005645","C18.452.648.189.435.295",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease<br>caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activity resulting<br>in an accumulation of fucose containing SPHINGOLIPIDS;<br>GLYCOPROTEINS, and mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in<br>lysosomes. The infantile form (type I) features psychomotor<br>deterioration, MUSCLE SPASTICITY, coarse facial features, growth<br>retardation, skeletal abnormalities, visceromegaly, SEIZURES,<br>recurrent infections, and MACROGLOSSIA, with death occurring in<br>the first decade of life. Juvenile fucosidosis (type II) is the<br>more common variant and features a slowly progressive decline in<br>neurologic function and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Type II<br>survival may be through the fourth decade of life. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p87; Am J Med Genet 1991<br>Jan;38(1):111-31)",""],["Fucosidosis",147,0.0,"D005645","C18.452.648.595.554.295",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease<br>caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activity resulting<br>in an accumulation of fucose containing SPHINGOLIPIDS;<br>GLYCOPROTEINS, and mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in<br>lysosomes. The infantile form (type I) features psychomotor<br>deterioration, MUSCLE SPASTICITY, coarse facial features, growth<br>retardation, skeletal abnormalities, visceromegaly, SEIZURES,<br>recurrent infections, and MACROGLOSSIA, with death occurring in<br>the first decade of life. Juvenile fucosidosis (type II) is the<br>more common variant and features a slowly progressive decline in<br>neurologic function and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Type II<br>survival may be through the fourth decade of life. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p87; Am J Med Genet 1991<br>Jan;38(1):111-31)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type I",1367,0.0,"D005953","C18.452.648.202.449.448",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disease in which gene<br>expression of glucose-6-phosphatase is absent, resulting in<br>hypoglycemia due to lack of glucose production. Accumulation of<br>glycogen in liver and kidney leads to organomegaly, particularly<br>massive hepatomegaly. Increased concentrations of lactic acid and<br>hyperlipidemia appear in the plasma. Clinical gout often appears<br>in early childhood.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type II",2024,0.0,"D006009","C18.452.132.100.435.340",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited glycogen storage<br>disease caused by GLUCAN 1,4-ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE deficiency. Large<br>amounts of GLYCOGEN accumulate in the LYSOSOMES of skeletal<br>muscle (MUSCLE, SKELETAL); HEART; LIVER; SPINAL CORD; and BRAIN.<br>Three forms have been described: infantile, childhood, and adult.<br>The infantile form is fatal in infancy and presents with<br>hypotonia and a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CARDIOMYOPATHY,<br>HYPERTROPHIC). The childhood form usually presents in the second<br>year of life with proximal weakness and respiratory symptoms. The<br>adult form consists of a slowly progressive proximal myopathy.<br>(From Muscle Nerve 1995;3:S61-9; Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp73-4)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type II",2024,0.0,"D006009","C18.452.648.189.435.340",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited glycogen storage<br>disease caused by GLUCAN 1,4-ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE deficiency. Large<br>amounts of GLYCOGEN accumulate in the LYSOSOMES of skeletal<br>muscle (MUSCLE, SKELETAL); HEART; LIVER; SPINAL CORD; and BRAIN.<br>Three forms have been described: infantile, childhood, and adult.<br>The infantile form is fatal in infancy and presents with<br>hypotonia and a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CARDIOMYOPATHY,<br>HYPERTROPHIC). The childhood form usually presents in the second<br>year of life with proximal weakness and respiratory symptoms. The<br>adult form consists of a slowly progressive proximal myopathy.<br>(From Muscle Nerve 1995;3:S61-9; Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp73-4)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type II",2024,0.0,"D006009","C18.452.648.202.449.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited glycogen storage<br>disease caused by GLUCAN 1,4-ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE deficiency. Large<br>amounts of GLYCOGEN accumulate in the LYSOSOMES of skeletal<br>muscle (MUSCLE, SKELETAL); HEART; LIVER; SPINAL CORD; and BRAIN.<br>Three forms have been described: infantile, childhood, and adult.<br>The infantile form is fatal in infancy and presents with<br>hypotonia and a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CARDIOMYOPATHY,<br>HYPERTROPHIC). The childhood form usually presents in the second<br>year of life with proximal weakness and respiratory symptoms. The<br>adult form consists of a slowly progressive proximal myopathy.<br>(From Muscle Nerve 1995;3:S61-9; Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp73-4)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type II",2024,0.0,"D006009","C18.452.648.595.554.340",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited glycogen storage<br>disease caused by GLUCAN 1,4-ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE deficiency. Large<br>amounts of GLYCOGEN accumulate in the LYSOSOMES of skeletal<br>muscle (MUSCLE, SKELETAL); HEART; LIVER; SPINAL CORD; and BRAIN.<br>Three forms have been described: infantile, childhood, and adult.<br>The infantile form is fatal in infancy and presents with<br>hypotonia and a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CARDIOMYOPATHY,<br>HYPERTROPHIC). The childhood form usually presents in the second<br>year of life with proximal weakness and respiratory symptoms. The<br>adult form consists of a slowly progressive proximal myopathy.<br>(From Muscle Nerve 1995;3:S61-9; Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp73-4)",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type III",355,0.0,"D006010","C18.452.648.202.449.520",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder due to<br>deficient expression of amylo-1,6-glucosidase (one part of the<br>glycogen debranching enzyme system). The clinical course of the<br>disease is similar to that of glycogen storage disease type I,<br>but milder. Massive hepatomegaly, which is present in young<br>children, diminishes and occasionally disappears with age. Levels<br>of glycogen with short outer branches are elevated in muscle,<br>liver, and erythrocytes. Six subgroups have been identified, with<br>subgroups Type IIIa and Type IIIb being the most prevalent.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type IV",183,0.0,"D006011","C18.452.648.202.449.540",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder due to a<br>deficiency in expression of glycogen branching enzyme 1<br>(alpha-1,4-glucan-6-alpha-glucosyltransferase), resulting in an<br>accumulation of abnormal GLYCOGEN with long outer branches.<br>Clinical features are MUSCLE HYPOTONIA and CIRRHOSIS. Death from<br>liver disease usually occurs before age 2.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type V",689,0.0,"D006012","C18.452.648.202.449.560",0,"Description: Glycogenosis due to muscle phosphorylase deficiency.<br>Characterized by painful cramps following sustained exercise.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type VI",39,0.0,"D006013","C18.452.648.202.449.580",0,"Description: A hepatic GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE in which there is<br>an apparent deficiency of hepatic phosphorylase (GLYCOGEN<br>PHOSPHORYLASE, LIVER FORM) activity.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII",100,0.0,"D006014","C18.452.648.202.449.600",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive glycogen storage disease in<br>which there is deficient expression of 6-phosphofructose 1-kinase<br>in muscle (PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE-1, MUSCLE TYPE) resulting in<br>abnormal deposition of glycogen in muscle tissue. These patients<br>have severe congenital muscular dystrophy and are exercise<br>intolerant.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type VIII",12,0.0,"D006015","C18.452.648.202.449.620",0,"Description: An x-linked recessive hepatic glycogen storage<br>disease resulting from lack of expression of phosphorylase-b-<br>kinase activity. Symptoms are relatively mild; hepatomegaly,<br>increased liver glycogen, and decreased leukocyte phosphorylase<br>are present. Liver shrinkage occurs in response to glucagon.",""],["Vitamin K Deficiency",1658,0.0,"D014813","C18.654.521.500.133.912",1,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>VITAMIN K in the diet, characterized by an increased tendency to<br>hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGIC DISORDERS). Such bleeding episodes may be<br>particularly severe in newborn infants. (From Cecil Textbook of<br>Medicine, 19th ed, p1182)",""],["Homocystinuria",1392,0.0,"D006712","C18.452.648.100.480.500",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine<br>metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-<br>SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma<br>and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus,<br>SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin<br>blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased<br>incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop<br>fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR<br>ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979)",""],["Hypercholesterolemia",18914,0.2,"D006937","C18.452.584.500.500.396",0,"Description: A condition with abnormally high levels of<br>CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value<br>exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.",""],["Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined",735,0.0,"D006950","C18.452.584.500.500.438",0,"Description: A type of familial lipid metabolism disorder<br>characterized by a variable pattern of elevated plasma<br>CHOLESTEROL and/or TRIGLYCERIDES. Multiple genes on different<br>chromosomes may be involved, such as the major late transcription<br>factor (UPSTREAM STIMULATORY FACTORS) on CHROMOSOME 1.",""],["Hypertriglyceridemia",5526,0.1,"D015228","C18.452.584.500.500.851",3,"Description: A condition of elevated levels of TRIGLYCERIDES in<br>the blood.",""],["Kearns-Sayre Syndrome",616,0.0,"D007625","C18.452.660.560.700.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of<br>chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardiomyopathy<br>(CARDIOMYOPATHIES) with conduction block (HEART BLOCK), and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Disease onset is in the first or second<br>decade. Elevated CSF protein, sensorineural deafness, seizures,<br>and pyramidal signs may also be present. Ragged-red fibers are<br>found on muscle biopsy. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p984)",""],["Hypoalphalipoproteinemias",792,0.0,"D052456","C18.452.584.500.875.330",2,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of ALPHA-<br>LIPOPROTEINS (high-density lipoproteins) in the blood.<br>Hypoalphalipoproteinemia can be associated with mutations in<br>genes encoding APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL<br>ACYLTRANSFERASE; and ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS.",""],["Hypoalphalipoproteinemias",792,0.0,"D052456","C18.452.584.563.500.330",2,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of ALPHA-<br>LIPOPROTEINS (high-density lipoproteins) in the blood.<br>Hypoalphalipoproteinemia can be associated with mutations in<br>genes encoding APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL<br>ACYLTRANSFERASE; and ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS.",""],["Hypoalphalipoproteinemias",792,0.0,"D052456","C18.452.648.398.500.330",2,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of ALPHA-<br>LIPOPROTEINS (high-density lipoproteins) in the blood.<br>Hypoalphalipoproteinemia can be associated with mutations in<br>genes encoding APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL<br>ACYLTRANSFERASE; and ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS.",""],["Leigh Disease",1117,0.0,"D007888","C18.452.648.202.810.444",0,"Description: A group of metabolic disorders primarily of infancy<br>characterized by the subacute onset of psychomotor retardation,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, weakness, vision loss, eye movement<br>abnormalities, seizures, dysphagia, and lactic acidosis.<br>Pathological features include spongy degeneration of the<br>neuropile of the basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem, and spinal<br>cord. Patterns of inheritance include X-linked recessive,<br>autosomal recessive, and mitochondrial. Leigh disease has been<br>associated with mutations in genes for the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE<br>COMPLEX; CYTOCHROME-C OXIDASE; ATP synthase subunit 6; and<br>subunits of mitochondrial complex I. (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, p850).",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C18.452.132.100.362.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell",1002,0.0,"D007965","C18.452.648.189.362.500",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and<br>PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with<br>large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the<br>white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN<br>disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C18.452.132.100.362.550",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",1128,0.0,"D007966","C18.452.648.189.362.550",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a<br>deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal<br>accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in<br>the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features<br>include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining<br>granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are<br>several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis I",1841,0.0,"D008059","C18.452.648.202.715.640",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease caused by a<br>deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase (IDURONIDASE) and characterized<br>by progressive physical deterioration with urinary excretion of<br>DERMATAN SULFATE and HEPARAN SULFATE. There are three recognized<br>phenotypes representing a spectrum of clinical severity from<br>severe to mild: Hurler syndrome, Hurler-Scheie syndrome and<br>Scheie syndrome (formerly mucopolysaccharidosis V). Symptoms may<br>include DWARFISM; hepatosplenomegaly; thick, coarse facial<br>features with low nasal bridge; corneal clouding; cardiac<br>complications; and noisy breathing.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis I",1841,0.0,"D008059","C18.452.648.595.600.640",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease caused by a<br>deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase (IDURONIDASE) and characterized<br>by progressive physical deterioration with urinary excretion of<br>DERMATAN SULFATE and HEPARAN SULFATE. There are three recognized<br>phenotypes representing a spectrum of clinical severity from<br>severe to mild: Hurler syndrome, Hurler-Scheie syndrome and<br>Scheie syndrome (formerly mucopolysaccharidosis V). Symptoms may<br>include DWARFISM; hepatosplenomegaly; thick, coarse facial<br>features with low nasal bridge; corneal clouding; cardiac<br>complications; and noisy breathing.",""],["alpha-Mannosidosis",260,0.0,"D008363","C18.452.648.202.607.500",0,"Description: An inborn error of metabolism marked by a defect in<br>the lysosomal isoform of ALPHA-MANNOSIDASE activity that results<br>in lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate<br>metabolites. Virtually all patients have psychomotor retardation,<br>facial coarsening, and some degree of dysostosis multiplex. It is<br>thought to be an autosomal recessive disorder.",""],["alpha-Mannosidosis",260,0.0,"D008363","C18.452.648.595.577.500",0,"Description: An inborn error of metabolism marked by a defect in<br>the lysosomal isoform of ALPHA-MANNOSIDASE activity that results<br>in lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate<br>metabolites. Virtually all patients have psychomotor retardation,<br>facial coarsening, and some degree of dysostosis multiplex. It is<br>thought to be an autosomal recessive disorder.",""],["Mucolipidoses",1037,0.0,"D009081","C18.452.132.100.435.590",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic diseases<br>characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and/or glycolipids in<br>visceral and mesenchymal cells. Abnormal amounts of sphingolipids<br>or glycolipids are present in neural tissue. INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and skeletal changes, most notably dysostosis<br>multiplex, occur frequently. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, pp36-7)",""],["Mucolipidoses",1037,0.0,"D009081","C18.452.648.189.435.590",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic diseases<br>characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and/or glycolipids in<br>visceral and mesenchymal cells. Abnormal amounts of sphingolipids<br>or glycolipids are present in neural tissue. INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and skeletal changes, most notably dysostosis<br>multiplex, occur frequently. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, pp36-7)",""],["Mucolipidoses",1037,0.0,"D009081","C18.452.648.595.554.590",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic diseases<br>characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and/or glycolipids in<br>visceral and mesenchymal cells. Abnormal amounts of sphingolipids<br>or glycolipids are present in neural tissue. INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and skeletal changes, most notably dysostosis<br>multiplex, occur frequently. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, pp36-7)",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis III",716,0.0,"D009084","C18.452.648.202.715.650",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by heparitin<br>sulfate in the urine, progressive mental retardation, mild<br>dwarfism, and other skeletal disorders. There are four clinically<br>indistinguishable but biochemically distinct forms, each due to a<br>deficiency of a different enzyme.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis III",716,0.0,"D009084","C18.452.648.595.600.650",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by heparitin<br>sulfate in the urine, progressive mental retardation, mild<br>dwarfism, and other skeletal disorders. There are four clinically<br>indistinguishable but biochemically distinct forms, each due to a<br>deficiency of a different enzyme.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis IV",1056,0.0,"D009085","C18.452.648.202.715.655",0,"Description: Genetic disorder of mucopolysaccharide metabolism<br>characterized by skeletal abnormalities, joint instability,<br>development of cervical myelopathy, and excessive urinary keratan<br>sulfate. There are two biochemically distinct forms, each due to<br>a deficiency of a different enzyme.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis IV",1056,0.0,"D009085","C18.452.648.595.600.655",0,"Description: Genetic disorder of mucopolysaccharide metabolism<br>characterized by skeletal abnormalities, joint instability,<br>development of cervical myelopathy, and excessive urinary keratan<br>sulfate. There are two biochemically distinct forms, each due to<br>a deficiency of a different enzyme.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis VI",462,0.0,"D009087","C18.452.648.202.715.670",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis with excessive CHONDROITIN<br>SULFATE B in urine, characterized by dwarfism and deafness. It is<br>caused by a deficiency of N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE-4-SULFATASE<br>(arylsulfatase B).",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis VI",462,0.0,"D009087","C18.452.648.595.600.670",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis with excessive CHONDROITIN<br>SULFATE B in urine, characterized by dwarfism and deafness. It is<br>caused by a deficiency of N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE-4-SULFATASE<br>(arylsulfatase B).",""],["Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses",2379,0.0,"D009472","C18.452.584.563.641.509",0,"Description: A group of severe neurodegenerative diseases<br>characterized by intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent<br>wax-like lipid materials (CEROID; LIPOFUSCIN) in neurons. There<br>are several subtypes based on mutations of the various genes,<br>time of disease onset, and severity of the neurological defects<br>such as progressive DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; and visual failure.",""],["Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses",2379,0.0,"D009472","C18.452.648.398.641.509",0,"Description: A group of severe neurodegenerative diseases<br>characterized by intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent<br>wax-like lipid materials (CEROID; LIPOFUSCIN) in neurons. There<br>are several subtypes based on mutations of the various genes,<br>time of disease onset, and severity of the neurological defects<br>such as progressive DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; and visual failure.",""],["Obesity, Morbid",22719,0.3,"D009767","C18.654.726.750.500.700",0,"Description: The condition of weighing two, three, or more times<br>the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many<br>serious and life-threatening disorders. In the BODY MASS INDEX,<br>morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 40.0<br>kg/m2.",""],["Vitamin D Deficiency",27691,0.3,"D014808","C18.654.521.500.133.770",5,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>VITAMIN D in the diet, insufficient production of vitamin D in<br>the skin, inadequate absorption of vitamin D from the diet, or<br>abnormal conversion of vitamin D to its bioactive metabolites. It<br>is manifested clinically as RICKETS in children and OSTEOMALACIA<br>in adults. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1406)",""],["Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome",705,0.0,"D010845","C18.654.726.750.500.600",0,"Description: HYPOVENTILATION syndrome in very obese persons with<br>excessive ADIPOSE TISSUE around the ABDOMEN and DIAPHRAGM. It is<br>characterized by diminished to absent ventilatory<br>chemoresponsiveness; chronic HYPOXIA; HYPERCAPNIA; POLYCYTHEMIA;<br>and long periods of sleep during day and night (HYPERSOMNOLENCE).<br>It is a condition often related to OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA but<br>can occur separately.",""],["Prader-Willi Syndrome",3039,0.0,"D011218","C18.654.726.750.500.740",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder caused by deletion of<br>the proximal long arm of the paternal chromosome 15 (15q11-q13)<br>or by inheritance of both of the pair of chromosomes 15 from the<br>mother (UNIPARENTAL DISOMY) which are imprinted (GENETIC<br>IMPRINTING) and hence silenced. Clinical manifestations include<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; MUSCULAR HYPOTONIA; HYPERPHAGIA; OBESITY;<br>short stature; HYPOGONADISM; STRABISMUS; and HYPERSOMNOLENCE.<br>(Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p229)",""],["Protein-Energy Malnutrition",5700,0.1,"D011502","C18.654.521.500.708.626",0,"Description: The lack of sufficient energy or protein to meet the<br>body's metabolic demands, as a result of either an inadequate<br>dietary intake of protein, intake of poor quality dietary<br>protein, increased demands due to disease, or increased nutrient<br>losses.",""],["Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism",242,0.0,"D011556","C18.452.648.618.815.815",0,"Description: A form of PSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM characterized by<br>the same features except for the abnormal response to hormones<br>such as PARATHYROID HORMONE. It is associated with paternally<br>inherited mutant alleles of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G<br>PROTEIN.",""],["Vitamin E Deficiency",2472,0.0,"D014811","C18.654.521.500.133.841",1,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>VITAMIN E in the diet, characterized by posterior column and<br>spinocerebellar tract abnormalities, areflexia, ophthalmoplegia,<br>and disturbances of gait, proprioception, and vibration. In<br>premature infants vitamin E deficiency is associated with<br>hemolytic anemia, thrombocytosis, edema, intraventricular<br>hemorrhage, and increasing risk of retrolental fibroplasia and<br>bronchopulmonary dysplasia. An apparent inborn error of vitamin E<br>metabolism, named familial isolated vitamin E deficiency, has<br>recently been identified. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed,<br>p1181)",""],["Vitamin A Deficiency",4231,0.1,"D014802","C18.654.521.500.133.628",0,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>VITAMIN A in the diet, characterized by NIGHT BLINDNESS and other<br>ocular manifestations such as dryness of the conjunctiva and<br>later of the cornea (XEROPHTHALMIA). Vitamin A deficiency is a<br>very common problem worldwide, particularly in developing<br>countries as a consequence of famine or shortages of vitamin<br>A-rich foods. In the United States it is found among the urban<br>poor, the elderly, alcoholics, and patients with malabsorption.<br>(From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1179)",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C18.452.394.750.124.960",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Arthritis, Gouty",1487,0.0,"D015210","C18.452.648.798.368.410",0,"Description: Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result<br>of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma,<br>infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually<br>monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute<br>and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of<br>MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints.",""],["Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease",460,0.0,"D015217","C18.452.584.563.641.201",1,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations<br>in the gene for acid lipase (STEROL ESTERASE). It is<br>characterized by the accumulation of neutral lipids, particularly<br>CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes, fibroblasts, and hepatocytes.",""],["Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease",460,0.0,"D015217","C18.452.648.398.641.201",1,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations<br>in the gene for acid lipase (STEROL ESTERASE). It is<br>characterized by the accumulation of neutral lipids, particularly<br>CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes, fibroblasts, and hepatocytes.",""],["Wolman Disease",298,0.0,"D015223","C18.452.648.595.201.500",0,"Description: The severe infantile form of inherited lysosomal<br>lipid storage diseases due to deficiency of acid lipase (STEROL<br>ESTERASE). It is characterized by the accumulation of neutral<br>lipids, particularly CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes,<br>fibroblasts, and hepatocytes. It is also known as Wolman's<br>xanthomatosis and is an allelic variant of CHOLESTEROL ESTER<br>STORAGE DISEASE.",""],["Fructose-1,6-Diphosphatase Deficiency",104,0.0,"D015319","C18.452.648.202.251.221",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive fructose metabolism disorder<br>due to absent or deficient fructose-1,6-diphosphatase activity.<br>Gluconeogenesis is impaired, resulting in accumulation of<br>gluconeogenic precursors (e.g., amino acids, lactate, ketones)<br>and manifested as hypoglycemia, ketosis, and lactic acidosis.<br>Episodes in the newborn infant are often lethal. Later episodes<br>are often brought on by fasting and febrile infections. As<br>patients age through early childhood, tolerance to fasting<br>improves and development becomes normal.",""],["Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease",99,0.0,"D015324","C18.452.648.202.810.666",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activity, the enzyme<br>that regulates gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and neurotransmitter<br>synthesis. Clinical manifestations include lactic acidosis,<br>seizures, respiratory distress, marked psychomotor delay,<br>periodic HYPOGLYCEMIA, and hypotonia. The clinical course may be<br>similar to LEIGH DISEASE. (From Am J Hum Genet 1998<br>Jun;62(6):1312-9)",""],["Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease",340,0.0,"D015325","C18.452.648.202.810.766",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient<br>enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX, resulting<br>in deficiency of acetyl CoA and reduced synthesis of<br>acetylcholine. Two clinical forms are recognized: neonatal and<br>juvenile. The neonatal form is a relatively common cause of<br>lactic acidosis in the first weeks of life and may also feature<br>an erythematous rash. The juvenile form presents with lactic<br>acidosis, alopecia, intermittent ATAXIA; SEIZURES; and an<br>erythematous rash. (From J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(4):452-62)<br>Autosomal recessive and X-linked forms are caused by mutations in<br>the genes for the three different enzyme components of this<br>multisubunit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. One of the mutations<br>at Xp22.2-p22.1 in the gene for the E1 alpha component of the<br>complex leads to LEIGH DISEASE.",""],["Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome",278,0.0,"D016111","C18.452.584.563.641.723",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder<br>characterized by severe ichthyosis MENTAL RETARDATION; SPASTIC<br>PARAPLEGIA; and congenital ICHTHYOSIS. It is caused by mutation<br>of gene encoding microsomal fatty ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE leading<br>to defect in fatty alcohol metabolism.",""],["Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome",278,0.0,"D016111","C18.452.648.398.641.723",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder<br>characterized by severe ichthyosis MENTAL RETARDATION; SPASTIC<br>PARAPLEGIA; and congenital ICHTHYOSIS. It is caused by mutation<br>of gene encoding microsomal fatty ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE leading<br>to defect in fatty alcohol metabolism.",""],["Albinism, Oculocutaneous",1293,0.0,"D016115","C18.452.648.100.102.100",1,"Description: Heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders<br>comprising at least four recognized types, all having in common<br>varying degrees of hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes.<br>The two most common are the tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-<br>negative types.",""],["Piebaldism",284,0.0,"D016116","C18.452.648.100.102.600",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant, congenital disorder<br>characterized by localized hypomelanosis of the skin and hair.<br>The most familiar feature is a white forelock presenting in 80 to<br>90 percent of the patients. The underlying defect is possibly<br>related to the differentiation and migration of melanoblasts, as<br>well as to defective development of the neural crest<br>(neurocristopathy). Piebaldism may be closely related to<br>WAARDENBURG SYNDROME.",""],["Albinism, Ocular",325,0.0,"D016117","C18.452.648.100.102.090",0,"Description: Albinism affecting the eye in which pigment of the<br>hair and skin is normal or only slightly diluted. The classic<br>type is X-linked (Nettleship-Falls), but an autosomal recessive<br>form also exists. Ocular abnormalities may include reduced<br>pigmentation of the iris, nystagmus, photophobia, strabismus, and<br>decreased visual acuity.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis II",1142,0.0,"D016532","C18.452.648.202.715.645",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease marked by<br>progressive physical deterioration and caused by a deficiency of<br>L-sulfoiduronate sulfatase. This disease differs from<br>MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS I by slower progression, lack of corneal<br>clouding, and X-linked rather than autosomal recessive<br>inheritance. The mild form produces near-normal intelligence and<br>life span. The severe form usually causes death by age 15.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis II",1142,0.0,"D016532","C18.452.648.595.600.645",0,"Description: Systemic lysosomal storage disease marked by<br>progressive physical deterioration and caused by a deficiency of<br>L-sulfoiduronate sulfatase. This disease differs from<br>MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS I by slower progression, lack of corneal<br>clouding, and X-linked rather than autosomal recessive<br>inheritance. The mild form produces near-normal intelligence and<br>life span. The severe form usually causes death by age 15.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis VII",313,0.0,"D016538","C18.452.648.202.715.675",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by excessive<br>dermatan and heparan sulfates in the urine and Hurler-like<br>features. It is caused by a deficiency of beta-glucuronidase.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidosis VII",313,0.0,"D016538","C18.452.648.595.600.675",0,"Description: Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by excessive<br>dermatan and heparan sulfates in the urine and Hurler-like<br>features. It is caused by a deficiency of beta-glucuronidase.",""],["Diabetic Ketoacidosis",5814,0.1,"D016883","C18.452.076.176.652.500",0,"Description: A life-threatening complication of diabetes<br>mellitus, primarily of TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS with severe<br>INSULIN deficiency and extreme HYPERGLYCEMIA. It is characterized<br>by KETOSIS; DEHYDRATION; and depressed consciousness leading to<br>COMA.",""],["Phenylketonuria, Maternal",141,0.0,"D017042","C18.452.132.100.687.500",0,"Description: A condition occurring in untreated or partially<br>treated females with PHENYLKETONURIA when they become pregnant.<br>This may result in damages to the FETUS, including MICROCEPHALY;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; congenital heart disease; FETAL GROWTH<br>RETARDATION; and CRANIOFACIAL ABNORMALITIES. (From Am J Med Genet<br>1997 Mar 3;69(1):89-95)",""],["Phenylketonuria, Maternal",141,0.0,"D017042","C18.452.648.100.766.500",0,"Description: A condition occurring in untreated or partially<br>treated females with PHENYLKETONURIA when they become pregnant.<br>This may result in damages to the FETUS, including MICROCEPHALY;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; congenital heart disease; FETAL GROWTH<br>RETARDATION; and CRANIOFACIAL ABNORMALITIES. (From Am J Med Genet<br>1997 Mar 3;69(1):89-95)",""],["Phenylketonuria, Maternal",141,0.0,"D017042","C18.452.648.189.687.500",0,"Description: A condition occurring in untreated or partially<br>treated females with PHENYLKETONURIA when they become pregnant.<br>This may result in damages to the FETUS, including MICROCEPHALY;<br>MENTAL RETARDATION; congenital heart disease; FETAL GROWTH<br>RETARDATION; and CRANIOFACIAL ABNORMALITIES. (From Am J Med Genet<br>1997 Mar 3;69(1):89-95)",""],["MELAS Syndrome",1350,0.0,"D017241","C18.452.660.560.620.520",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or<br>generalized seizures, episodes of transient or persistent<br>neurologic dysfunction resembling strokes, and ragged-red fibers<br>on muscle biopsy. Affected individuals tend to be normal at birth<br>through early childhood, then experience growth failure, episodic<br>vomiting, and recurrent cerebral insults resulting in visual loss<br>and hemiparesis. The cortical lesions tend to occur in the<br>parietal and occipital lobes and are not associated with vascular<br>occlusion. VASCULAR HEADACHE is frequently associated and the<br>disorder tends to be familial. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, p117)",""],["MERRF Syndrome",296,0.0,"D017243","C18.452.660.560.620.530",0,"Description: A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized<br>clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, progressive<br>ataxia, spasticity, and a mild myopathy. Dysarthria, optic<br>atrophy, growth retardation, deafness, and dementia may also<br>occur. This condition tends to present in childhood and to be<br>transmitted via maternal lineage. Muscle biopsies reveal ragged-<br>red fibers and respiratory chain enzymatic defects. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p986)",""],["Canavan Disease",311,0.0,"D017825","C18.452.132.100.362.375",0,"Description: A rare neurodegenerative condition of infancy or<br>childhood characterized by white matter vacuolization and<br>demeylination that gives rise to a spongy appearance.<br>Aspartoacylase deficiency leads to an accumulation of<br>N-acetylaspartate in astrocytes. Inheritance may be autosomal<br>recessive or the illness may occur sporadically. This illness<br>occurs more frequently in individuals of Ashkenazic Jewish<br>descent. The neonatal form features the onset of hypotonia and<br>lethargy at birth, rapidly progressing to coma and death. The<br>infantile form features developmental delay, DYSKINESIAS,<br>hypotonia, spasticity, blindness, and megalencephaly. The<br>juvenile form is characterized by ATAXIA; OPTIC ATROPHY; and<br>DEMENTIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p944; Am J Med Genet 1988 Feb;29(2):463-71)",""],["Canavan Disease",311,0.0,"D017825","C18.452.648.189.362.375",0,"Description: A rare neurodegenerative condition of infancy or<br>childhood characterized by white matter vacuolization and<br>demeylination that gives rise to a spongy appearance.<br>Aspartoacylase deficiency leads to an accumulation of<br>N-acetylaspartate in astrocytes. Inheritance may be autosomal<br>recessive or the illness may occur sporadically. This illness<br>occurs more frequently in individuals of Ashkenazic Jewish<br>descent. The neonatal form features the onset of hypotonia and<br>lethargy at birth, rapidly progressing to coma and death. The<br>infantile form features developmental delay, DYSKINESIAS,<br>hypotonia, spasticity, blindness, and megalencephaly. The<br>juvenile form is characterized by ATAXIA; OPTIC ATROPHY; and<br>DEMENTIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p944; Am J Med Genet 1988 Feb;29(2):463-71)",""],["Citrullinemia",353,0.0,"D020159","C18.452.132.100.937.374",0,"Description: A group of diseases related to a deficiency of the<br>enzyme ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHASE which causes an elevation of<br>serum levels of CITRULLINE. In neonates, clinical manifestations<br>include lethargy, hypotonia, and SEIZURES. Milder forms also<br>occur. Childhood and adult forms may present with recurrent<br>episodes of intermittent weakness, lethargy, ATAXIA, behavioral<br>changes, and DYSARTHRIA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p49)",""],["Citrullinemia",353,0.0,"D020159","C18.452.648.100.940.374",0,"Description: A group of diseases related to a deficiency of the<br>enzyme ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHASE which causes an elevation of<br>serum levels of CITRULLINE. In neonates, clinical manifestations<br>include lethargy, hypotonia, and SEIZURES. Milder forms also<br>occur. Childhood and adult forms may present with recurrent<br>episodes of intermittent weakness, lethargy, ATAXIA, behavioral<br>changes, and DYSARTHRIA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p49)",""],["Citrullinemia",353,0.0,"D020159","C18.452.648.189.937.374",0,"Description: A group of diseases related to a deficiency of the<br>enzyme ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHASE which causes an elevation of<br>serum levels of CITRULLINE. In neonates, clinical manifestations<br>include lethargy, hypotonia, and SEIZURES. Milder forms also<br>occur. Childhood and adult forms may present with recurrent<br>episodes of intermittent weakness, lethargy, ATAXIA, behavioral<br>changes, and DYSARTHRIA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p49)",""],["Hyperargininemia",173,0.0,"D020162","C18.452.132.100.937.437",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea<br>cycle. It is caused by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme<br>ARGINASE. Arginine is elevated in the blood and cerebrospinal<br>fluid, and periodic HYPERAMMONEMIA may occur. Disease onset is<br>usually in infancy or early childhood. Clinical manifestations<br>include seizures, microcephaly, progressive mental impairment,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, spastic diplegia, and quadriparesis. (From Hum<br>Genet 1993 Mar;91(1):1-5; Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p51)",""],["Hyperargininemia",173,0.0,"D020162","C18.452.648.100.940.437",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea<br>cycle. It is caused by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme<br>ARGINASE. Arginine is elevated in the blood and cerebrospinal<br>fluid, and periodic HYPERAMMONEMIA may occur. Disease onset is<br>usually in infancy or early childhood. Clinical manifestations<br>include seizures, microcephaly, progressive mental impairment,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, spastic diplegia, and quadriparesis. (From Hum<br>Genet 1993 Mar;91(1):1-5; Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p51)",""],["Hyperargininemia",173,0.0,"D020162","C18.452.648.189.937.437",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea<br>cycle. It is caused by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme<br>ARGINASE. Arginine is elevated in the blood and cerebrospinal<br>fluid, and periodic HYPERAMMONEMIA may occur. Disease onset is<br>usually in infancy or early childhood. Clinical manifestations<br>include seizures, microcephaly, progressive mental impairment,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, spastic diplegia, and quadriparesis. (From Hum<br>Genet 1993 Mar;91(1):1-5; Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p51)",""],["Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease",839,0.0,"D020163","C18.452.132.100.937.500",0,"Description: An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with<br>deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE,<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and featuring elevations of<br>amino acids and ammonia in the serum. Clinical features, which<br>are more prominent in males, include seizures, behavioral<br>alterations, episodic vomiting, lethargy, and coma. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp49-50)",""],["Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease",839,0.0,"D020163","C18.452.648.100.940.500",0,"Description: An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with<br>deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE,<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and featuring elevations of<br>amino acids and ammonia in the serum. Clinical features, which<br>are more prominent in males, include seizures, behavioral<br>alterations, episodic vomiting, lethargy, and coma. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp49-50)",""],["Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease",839,0.0,"D020163","C18.452.648.189.937.500",0,"Description: An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with<br>deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE,<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and featuring elevations of<br>amino acids and ammonia in the serum. Clinical features, which<br>are more prominent in males, include seizures, behavioral<br>alterations, episodic vomiting, lethargy, and coma. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp49-50)",""],["Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease",116,0.0,"D020165","C18.452.132.100.937.249",0,"Description: A urea cycle disorder manifesting in infancy as<br>lethargy, emesis, seizures, alterations of muscle tone, abnormal<br>eye movements, and an elevation of serum ammonia. The disorder is<br>caused by a reduction in the activity of hepatic mitochondrial<br>CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (AMMONIA). (Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp50-1)",""],["Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease",116,0.0,"D020165","C18.452.648.100.940.249",0,"Description: A urea cycle disorder manifesting in infancy as<br>lethargy, emesis, seizures, alterations of muscle tone, abnormal<br>eye movements, and an elevation of serum ammonia. The disorder is<br>caused by a reduction in the activity of hepatic mitochondrial<br>CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (AMMONIA). (Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp50-1)",""],["Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease",116,0.0,"D020165","C18.452.648.189.937.249",0,"Description: A urea cycle disorder manifesting in infancy as<br>lethargy, emesis, seizures, alterations of muscle tone, abnormal<br>eye movements, and an elevation of serum ammonia. The disorder is<br>caused by a reduction in the activity of hepatic mitochondrial<br>CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (AMMONIA). (Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp50-1)",""],["Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease",350,0.0,"D020371","C18.452.132.100.362.775",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive disorder of myelin<br>formation. Subtypes are referred to as classic, congenital,<br>transitional, and adult forms of this disease. The classic form<br>is X-chromosome linked, has its onset in infancy and is<br>associated with a mutation of the proteolipid protein gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include TREMOR, spasmus nutans, roving<br>eye movements, ATAXIA, spasticity, and NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL.<br>Death occurs by the third decade of life. The congenital form has<br>similar characteristics but presents early in infancy and<br>features rapid disease progression. Transitional and adult<br>subtypes have a later onset and less severe symptomatology.<br>Pathologic features include patchy areas of demyelination with<br>preservation of perivascular islands (trigoid appearance). (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p190)",""],["Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease",350,0.0,"D020371","C18.452.648.189.362.775",0,"Description: A rare, slowly progressive disorder of myelin<br>formation. Subtypes are referred to as classic, congenital,<br>transitional, and adult forms of this disease. The classic form<br>is X-chromosome linked, has its onset in infancy and is<br>associated with a mutation of the proteolipid protein gene.<br>Clinical manifestations include TREMOR, spasmus nutans, roving<br>eye movements, ATAXIA, spasticity, and NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL.<br>Death occurs by the third decade of life. The congenital form has<br>similar characteristics but presents early in infancy and<br>features rapid disease progression. Transitional and adult<br>subtypes have a later onset and less severe symptomatology.<br>Pathologic features include patchy areas of demyelination with<br>preservation of perivascular islands (trigoid appearance). (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p190)",""],["Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Periodic",126,0.0,"D020513","C18.452.648.618.711.600",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial disorder which<br>presents in infancy or childhood and is characterized by episodes<br>of weakness associated with hyperkalemia. During attacks, muscles<br>of the lower extremities are initially affected, followed by the<br>lower trunk and arms. Episodes last from 15-60 minutes and<br>typically occur after a period of rest following exercise. A<br>defect in skeletal muscle sodium channels has been identified as<br>the cause of this condition. Normokalemic periodic paralysis is a<br>closely related disorder marked by a lack of alterations in<br>potassium levels during attacks of weakness. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1481)",""],["Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis",614,0.0,"D020514","C18.452.648.618.711.550",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant familial disorder<br>characterized by recurrent episodes of skeletal muscle weakness<br>associated with falls in serum potassium levels. The condition<br>usually presents in the first or second decade of life with<br>attacks of trunk and leg paresis during sleep or shortly after<br>awakening. Symptoms may persist for hours to days and generally<br>are precipitated by exercise or a meal high in carbohydrates.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1483)",""],["Metabolic Syndrome",33474,0.4,"D024821","C18.452.394.968.500.570",0,"Description: A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for<br>CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major<br>components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY;<br>atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN<br>RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic<br>(THROMBOSIS) state.",""],["Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial",2169,0.0,"D028227","C18.452.845.500.050.050",0,"Description: Inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system<br>associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. The<br>different clinical types based on symptoms correspond to the<br>presence of a variety of mutations in several different proteins<br>including transthyretin (PREALBUMIN); APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; and<br>GELSOLIN.",""],["Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial",2169,0.0,"D028227","C18.452.845.500.075.050",0,"Description: Inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system<br>associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. The<br>different clinical types based on symptoms correspond to the<br>presence of a variety of mutations in several different proteins<br>including transthyretin (PREALBUMIN); APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; and<br>GELSOLIN.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C18.452.845.500.075.160",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C18.452.845.500.100.160",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["Biotinidase Deficiency",311,0.0,"D028921","C18.452.648.100.620.100",0,"Description: The late onset form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE<br>DEFICIENCY (deficiency of the activities of biotin-dependent<br>enzymes propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA<br>carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to a defect or<br>deficiency in biotinidase which is essential for recycling<br>BIOTIN.",""],["Biotinidase Deficiency",311,0.0,"D028921","C18.452.648.202.720.100",0,"Description: The late onset form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE<br>DEFICIENCY (deficiency of the activities of biotin-dependent<br>enzymes propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA<br>carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to a defect or<br>deficiency in biotinidase which is essential for recycling<br>BIOTIN.",""],["Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency",38,0.0,"D028922","C18.452.648.100.620.380",0,"Description: The neonatal form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE DEFICIENCY<br>that is caused by a defect or deficiency in holocarboxylase<br>synthetase. HLCS is the enzyme that covalently links biotin to<br>the biotin dependent carboxylases (propionyl-CoA-carboxylase,<br>pyruvate carboxylase, and beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase).",""],["Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency",38,0.0,"D028922","C18.452.648.202.720.380",0,"Description: The neonatal form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE DEFICIENCY<br>that is caused by a defect or deficiency in holocarboxylase<br>synthetase. HLCS is the enzyme that covalently links biotin to<br>the biotin dependent carboxylases (propionyl-CoA-carboxylase,<br>pyruvate carboxylase, and beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase).",""],["Sialic Acid Storage Disease",87,0.0,"D029461","C18.452.132.100.435.810",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders<br>caused by lysosomal membrane transport defects that result in<br>accumulation of free sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) within<br>the lysosomes. The two main clinical phenotypes, which are<br>allelic variants of the SLC17A5 gene, are ISSD, a severe<br>infantile form, or Salla disease, a slowly progressive adult<br>form, named for the geographic area in Finland where the kindred<br>first studied resided.",""],["Sialic Acid Storage Disease",87,0.0,"D029461","C18.452.648.189.435.810",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders<br>caused by lysosomal membrane transport defects that result in<br>accumulation of free sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) within<br>the lysosomes. The two main clinical phenotypes, which are<br>allelic variants of the SLC17A5 gene, are ISSD, a severe<br>infantile form, or Salla disease, a slowly progressive adult<br>form, named for the geographic area in Finland where the kindred<br>first studied resided.",""],["Sialic Acid Storage Disease",87,0.0,"D029461","C18.452.648.595.554.810",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders<br>caused by lysosomal membrane transport defects that result in<br>accumulation of free sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) within<br>the lysosomes. The two main clinical phenotypes, which are<br>allelic variants of the SLC17A5 gene, are ISSD, a severe<br>infantile form, or Salla disease, a slowly progressive adult<br>form, named for the geographic area in Finland where the kindred<br>first studied resided.",""],["Alexander Disease",380,0.0,"D038261","C18.452.132.100.362.312",0,"Description: Rare leukoencephalopathy with infantile-onset<br>accumulation of Rosenthal fibers in the subpial, periventricular,<br>and subependymal zones of the brain. Rosenthal fibers are GLIAL<br>FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN aggregates found in ASTROCYTES.<br>Juvenile- and adult-onset types show progressive atrophy of the<br>lower brainstem instead. De novo mutations in the GFAP gene are<br>associated with the disease with propensity for paternal<br>inheritance.",""],["Alexander Disease",380,0.0,"D038261","C18.452.648.189.362.312",0,"Description: Rare leukoencephalopathy with infantile-onset<br>accumulation of Rosenthal fibers in the subpial, periventricular,<br>and subependymal zones of the brain. Rosenthal fibers are GLIAL<br>FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN aggregates found in ASTROCYTES.<br>Juvenile- and adult-onset types show progressive atrophy of the<br>lower brainstem instead. De novo mutations in the GFAP gene are<br>associated with the disease with propensity for paternal<br>inheritance.",""],["beta-Mannosidosis",19,0.0,"D044905","C18.452.648.202.607.750",0,"Description: An inborn error of metabolism marked by a defect in<br>the lysosomal isoform of BETA-MANNOSIDASE that results in<br>lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate metabolites<br>containing 1,4-beta linkages. The human disease occurs through<br>autosomal recessive inheritance and manifests in the form of a<br>variety of symptoms that depend upon the type of gene mutation.",""],["beta-Mannosidosis",19,0.0,"D044905","C18.452.648.595.577.750",0,"Description: An inborn error of metabolism marked by a defect in<br>the lysosomal isoform of BETA-MANNOSIDASE that results in<br>lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate metabolites<br>containing 1,4-beta linkages. The human disease occurs through<br>autosomal recessive inheritance and manifests in the form of a<br>variety of symptoms that depend upon the type of gene mutation.",""],["Nesidioblastosis",123,0.0,"D046768","C18.452.394.968.250.500",0,"Description: An inherited autosomal recessive syndrome<br>characterized by the disorganized formation of new islets in the<br>PANCREAS and CONGENITAL HYPERINSULINISM. It is due to focal<br>hyperplasia of pancreatic ISLET CELLS budding off from the ductal<br>structures and forming new islets of Langerhans. Mutations in the<br>islet cells involve the potassium channel gene KCNJ11 or the ATP-<br>binding cassette transporter gene ABCC8, both on CHROMOSOME 11.",""],["Nesidioblastosis",123,0.0,"D046768","C18.452.394.984.200.500",0,"Description: An inherited autosomal recessive syndrome<br>characterized by the disorganized formation of new islets in the<br>PANCREAS and CONGENITAL HYPERINSULINISM. It is due to focal<br>hyperplasia of pancreatic ISLET CELLS budding off from the ductal<br>structures and forming new islets of Langerhans. Mutations in the<br>islet cells involve the potassium channel gene KCNJ11 or the ATP-<br>binding cassette transporter gene ABCC8, both on CHROMOSOME 11.",""],["Monckeberg Medial Calcific Sclerosis",70,0.0,"D050380","C18.452.174.130.780.500",0,"Description: Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of<br>muscular ARTERIES due to calcification of the TUNICA MEDIA, the<br>concentric layers of helically arranged SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb",215,0.0,"D052120","C18.452.648.202.449.510",0,"Description: An X-linked dominant multisystem disorder resulting<br>in cardiomyopathy, myopathy and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. It is<br>caused by mutation in the gene encoding LYSOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED<br>MEMBRANE PROTEIN 2.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C18.452.104.816.875.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C18.452.174.845.875.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C18.452.648.618.544.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C18.452.750.400.500.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets",786,0.0,"D053098","C18.452.750.400.750.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disorder characterized by<br>HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; renal defects in<br>phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism; and growth<br>retardation. Autosomal and X-linked dominant and recessive<br>variants have been reported.",""],["Obesity, Abdominal",3462,0.0,"D056128","C18.654.726.750.500.615",0,"Description: A condition of having excess fat in the abdomen.<br>Abdominal obesity is typically defined as waist circumferences of<br>40 inches or more in men and 35 inches or more in women.<br>Abdominal obesity raises the risk of developing disorders, such<br>as DIABETES; HYPERTENSION; and METABOLIC SYNDROME.",""],["Argininosuccinic Aciduria",135,0.0,"D056807","C18.452.132.100.937.124",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle<br>which leads to the accumulation of argininosuccinic acid in body<br>fluids and severe HYPERAMMONEMIA. Clinical features of the<br>neonatal onset of the disorder include poor feeding, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, tachypnea, coma, and death. Later onset<br>results in milder set of clinical features including vomiting,<br>failure to thrive, irritability, behavioral problems, or<br>psychomotor retardation. Mutations in the ARGININOSUCCINATE LYASE<br>gene cause the disorder.",""],["Argininosuccinic Aciduria",135,0.0,"D056807","C18.452.648.100.940.124",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle<br>which leads to the accumulation of argininosuccinic acid in body<br>fluids and severe HYPERAMMONEMIA. Clinical features of the<br>neonatal onset of the disorder include poor feeding, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, tachypnea, coma, and death. Later onset<br>results in milder set of clinical features including vomiting,<br>failure to thrive, irritability, behavioral problems, or<br>psychomotor retardation. Mutations in the ARGININOSUCCINATE LYASE<br>gene cause the disorder.",""],["Argininosuccinic Aciduria",135,0.0,"D056807","C18.452.648.189.937.124",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle<br>which leads to the accumulation of argininosuccinic acid in body<br>fluids and severe HYPERAMMONEMIA. Clinical features of the<br>neonatal onset of the disorder include poor feeding, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, tachypnea, coma, and death. Later onset<br>results in milder set of clinical features including vomiting,<br>failure to thrive, irritability, behavioral problems, or<br>psychomotor retardation. Mutations in the ARGININOSUCCINATE LYASE<br>gene cause the disorder.",""],["Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia",110,0.0,"D057178","C18.452.845.800.300.600",0,"Description: A form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and a<br>progressive form of dementia characterized by motor speech<br>impairment and AGRAMMATISM, with relative sparing of single word<br>comprehension and semantic memory.",""],["Frontotemporal Dementia",3934,0.0,"D057180","C18.452.845.800.300.299",0,"Description: The most common clinical form of FRONTOTEMPORAL<br>LOBAR DEGENERATION, this dementia presents with personality and<br>behavioral changes often associated with disinhibition, apathy,<br>and lack of insight.",""],["Pediatric Obesity",11697,0.1,"D063766","C18.654.726.750.500.720",0,"Description: BODY MASS INDEX in children (ages 2-12) and in<br>adolescents (ages 13-18) that is grossly above the recommended<br>cut-off for a specific age and sex. For infants less than 2 years<br>of age, obesity is determined based on standard weight-for-length<br>percentile measures.",""],["Hypolipoproteinemias",2241,0.0,"D007009","C18.452.584.500.875",6,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of<br>LIPOPROTEINS in the blood. This may involve any of the<br>lipoprotein subclasses, including ALPHA-LIPOPROTEINS (high-<br>density lipoproteins); BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low-density<br>lipoproteins); and PREBETA-LIPOPROTEINS (very-low-density<br>lipoproteins).",""],["Hypolipoproteinemias",2201,0.0,"D007009","C18.452.584.563.500",5,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of<br>LIPOPROTEINS in the blood. This may involve any of the<br>lipoprotein subclasses, including ALPHA-LIPOPROTEINS (high-<br>density lipoproteins); BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low-density<br>lipoproteins); and PREBETA-LIPOPROTEINS (very-low-density<br>lipoproteins).",""],["Hypolipoproteinemias",2201,0.0,"D007009","C18.452.648.398.500",5,"Description: Conditions with abnormally low levels of<br>LIPOPROTEINS in the blood. This may involve any of the<br>lipoprotein subclasses, including ALPHA-LIPOPROTEINS (high-<br>density lipoproteins); BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low-density<br>lipoproteins); and PREBETA-LIPOPROTEINS (very-low-density<br>lipoproteins).",""],["Obesity",193165,2.3,"D009765","C18.654.726.750.500",7,"Description: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the<br>recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS<br>in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or<br>cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than<br>30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2<br>is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).",""],["Familial Multiple Lipomatosis",6,0.0,"D000071070","C18.452.584.718.625",0,"Description: A rare autosomal disorder characterized by numerous<br>encapsulated lipomas on the trunk and extremities. The lipomas<br>are usually not painful but can cause pain when growing. In rare<br>cases, one lipoma can become painful and progress to multiple<br>painful lipomas; it is then referred to as Dercum's Disease Type<br>III",""],["Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults",159,0.0,"D000071698","C18.452.394.750.714",0,"Description: Autoimmune diabetes in adults with slowly<br>progressive PANCREATIC BETA CELL failure and the presence of<br>circulating autoantibodies to PANCREATIC ISLETS cell antigens.",""],["Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis",1027,0.0,"D000075363","C18.452.845.500.550",0,"Description: A nonproliferative disorder of the PLASMA CELL<br>characterized by excessive production and misfolding of<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS that form insoluble amyloid fibrils<br>(see AMYLOID DEPOSITS) in various tissues. Clinical features<br>include LIVER FAILURE; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME;<br>RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY, and neuropathies.",""],["Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome",45,0.0,"D000081003","C18.452.584.563.824",0,"Description: An inherited syndrome characterized by EXOCRINE<br>PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; hematologic abnormalities (e.g., bone<br>marrow hypoplasia), and skeletal abnormalities (e.g., metaphyseal<br>chondroplasia). GERMLINE MUTATIONS in the SBDS gene are<br>associated with Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome.",""],["Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome",45,0.0,"D000081003","C18.452.584.718.875",0,"Description: An inherited syndrome characterized by EXOCRINE<br>PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; hematologic abnormalities (e.g., bone<br>marrow hypoplasia), and skeletal abnormalities (e.g., metaphyseal<br>chondroplasia). GERMLINE MUTATIONS in the SBDS gene are<br>associated with Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome.",""],["Hyperlipidemias",55903,0.7,"D006949","C18.452.584.500.500",13,"Description: Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II",7180,0.1,"D006938","C18.452.584.563.481",1,"Description: A group of familial disorders characterized by<br>elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-<br>beta lipoproteins).",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II",7180,0.1,"D006938","C18.452.648.398.481",1,"Description: A group of familial disorders characterized by<br>elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-<br>beta lipoproteins).",""],["Acidosis, Lactic",2700,0.0,"D000140","C18.452.076.176.180",0,"Description: Acidosis caused by accumulation of lactic acid more<br>rapidly than it can be metabolized. It may occur spontaneously or<br>in association with diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; LEUKEMIA;<br>or LIVER FAILURE.",""],["Acidosis, Renal Tubular",2382,0.0,"D000141","C18.452.076.176.210",0,"Description: A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES<br>characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids<br>with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS.<br>Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low<br>renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications<br>such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and<br>NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS.",""],["Acidosis, Respiratory",1176,0.0,"D000142","C18.452.076.176.310",0,"Description: Respiratory retention of carbon dioxide. It may be<br>chronic or acute.",""],["Adiposis Dolorosa",188,0.0,"D000274","C18.452.584.718.500",0,"Description: A rare disease characterized by multiple tumor-like<br>fatty deposits that press on nerves in various sites causing pain<br>and weakness. Often these lipoma-like structures are located on<br>the trunk and limbs but not on the face and hands.",""],["Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital",6855,0.1,"D000312","C18.452.648.925.249",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL<br>GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol<br>(HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of<br>precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance,<br>congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting,<br>hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID<br>21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-<br>HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase<br>(3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-<br>REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among<br>others, underlie these disorders.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C18.452.132.100.084",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases",5502,0.1,"D020279","C18.452.132.100.362",6,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by a loss of<br>MYELIN in the central nervous system.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C18.452.648.189.084",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases",5502,0.1,"D020279","C18.452.648.189.362",6,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by a loss of<br>MYELIN in the central nervous system.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C18.452.648.663.100",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Albinism",3234,0.0,"D000417","C18.452.648.100.102",4,"Description: General term for a number of inherited defects of<br>amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence<br>of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair.",""],["Alkalosis, Respiratory",332,0.0,"D000472","C18.452.076.354.271",0,"Description: A state due to excess loss of carbon dioxide from<br>the body. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Alkaptonuria",1010,0.0,"D000474","C18.452.648.100.187",0,"Description: An inborn error of amino acid metabolism resulting<br>from a defect in the enzyme HOMOGENTISATE 1,2-DIOXYGENASE, an<br>enzyme involved in the breakdown of PHENYLALANINE and TYROSINE.<br>It is characterized by accumulation of HOMOGENTISIC ACID in the<br>urine, OCHRONOSIS in various tissues, and ARTHRITIS.",""],["Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis",22519,0.3,"D000690","C18.452.845.800.050",0,"Description: A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR<br>NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem<br>and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and<br>the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical<br>manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy,<br>FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual<br>paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include<br>the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and<br>atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)",""],["Avitaminosis",68573,0.8,"D001361","C18.654.521.500.133",26,"Description: A condition due to a deficiency of one or more<br>essential vitamins. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System",20058,0.2,"D020140","C18.452.132.100.435",23,"Description: A group of enzymatic disorders affecting the nervous<br>system and to a variable degree the skeletal system,<br>lymphoreticular system, and other organs. The conditions are<br>marked by an abnormal accumulation of catabolic material within<br>lysosomes.",""],["Lipidoses",23173,0.3,"D008064","C18.452.584.563.641",23,"Description: Conditions characterized by abnormal lipid<br>deposition due to disturbance in lipid metabolism, such as<br>hereditary diseases involving lysosomal enzymes required for<br>lipid breakdown. They are classified either by the enzyme defect<br>or by the type of lipid involved.",""],["Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System",20058,0.2,"D020140","C18.452.648.189.435",23,"Description: A group of enzymatic disorders affecting the nervous<br>system and to a variable degree the skeletal system,<br>lymphoreticular system, and other organs. The conditions are<br>marked by an abnormal accumulation of catabolic material within<br>lysosomes.",""],["Lipidoses",23173,0.3,"D008064","C18.452.648.398.641",23,"Description: Conditions characterized by abnormal lipid<br>deposition due to disturbance in lipid metabolism, such as<br>hereditary diseases involving lysosomal enzymes required for<br>lipid breakdown. They are classified either by the enzyme defect<br>or by the type of lipid involved.",""],["Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System",20058,0.2,"D020140","C18.452.648.595.554",23,"Description: A group of enzymatic disorders affecting the nervous<br>system and to a variable degree the skeletal system,<br>lymphoreticular system, and other organs. The conditions are<br>marked by an abnormal accumulation of catabolic material within<br>lysosomes.",""],["Calciphylaxis",1408,0.0,"D002115","C18.452.174.130.186",0,"Description: Condition of induced systemic hypersensitivity in<br>which tissues respond to appropriate challenging agents with a<br>sudden local calcification.",""],["Crigler-Najjar Syndrome",405,0.0,"D003414","C18.452.648.300.281",0,"Description: A familial form of congenital hyperbilirubinemia<br>transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. It is characterized<br>by icterus and brain damage caused by a glucuronyl transferase<br>deficiency in the liver and faulty bilirubin conjugation.",""],["Cystinosis",1254,0.0,"D003554","C18.452.648.595.377",0,"Description: A metabolic disease characterized by the defective<br>transport of CYSTINE across the lysosomal membrane due to<br>mutation of a membrane protein cystinosin. This results in<br>cystine accumulation and crystallization in the cells causing<br>widespread tissue damage. In the KIDNEY, nephropathic cystinosis<br>is a common cause of RENAL FANCONI SYNDROME.",""],["Decalcification, Pathologic",87,0.0,"D003649","C18.452.104.247.400",0,"Description: The loss of calcium salts from bones and teeth.<br>Bacteria may be responsible for this occurrence in teeth. Old age<br>may be a factor contributing to calcium loss, as is the presence<br>of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.",""],["Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental",39637,0.5,"D003921","C18.452.394.750.074",0,"Description: Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by<br>administration of various diabetogenic agents or by<br>PANCREATECTOMY.",""],["Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1",76440,0.9,"D003922","C18.452.394.750.124",1,"Description: A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized<br>by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of<br>severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS,<br>and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at<br>any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.",""],["Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2",145722,1.7,"D003924","C18.452.394.750.149",1,"Description: A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-<br>responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by<br>INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by<br>GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II<br>diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively<br>found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often<br>exhibit OBESITY.",""],["Fructose Metabolism, Inborn Errors",543,0.0,"D015318","C18.452.648.202.251",2,"Description: Inherited abnormalities of fructose metabolism,<br>which include three known autosomal recessive types: hepatic<br>fructokinase deficiency (essential fructosuria), hereditary<br>fructose intolerance, and hereditary fructose-1,6-diphosphatase<br>deficiency. Essential fructosuria is a benign asymptomatic<br>metabolic disorder caused by deficiency in fructokinase, leading<br>to decreased conversion of fructose to fructose-1-phosphate and<br>alimentary hyperfructosemia, but with no clinical dysfunction;<br>may produce a false-positive diabetes test.",""],["Fucosidosis",147,0.0,"D005645","C18.452.648.202.303",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease<br>caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activity resulting<br>in an accumulation of fucose containing SPHINGOLIPIDS;<br>GLYCOPROTEINS, and mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in<br>lysosomes. The infantile form (type I) features psychomotor<br>deterioration, MUSCLE SPASTICITY, coarse facial features, growth<br>retardation, skeletal abnormalities, visceromegaly, SEIZURES,<br>recurrent infections, and MACROGLOSSIA, with death occurring in<br>the first decade of life. Juvenile fucosidosis (type II) is the<br>more common variant and features a slowly progressive decline in<br>neurologic function and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Type II<br>survival may be through the fourth decade of life. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p87; Am J Med Genet 1991<br>Jan;38(1):111-31)",""],["Galactosemias",1893,0.0,"D005693","C18.452.132.100.320",0,"Description: A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which<br>feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This condition may<br>be associated with deficiencies of GALACTOKINASE; UDPGLUCOSE-<br>HEXOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; or UDPGLUCOSE<br>4-EPIMERASE. The classic form is caused by UDPglucose-<br>Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase deficiency, and presents<br>in infancy with FAILURE TO THRIVE; VOMITING; and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Affected individuals also may develop MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; JAUNDICE; hepatosplenomegaly; ovarian failure<br>(PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY); and cataracts. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp61-3)",""],["Galactosemias",1893,0.0,"D005693","C18.452.648.189.320",0,"Description: A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which<br>feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This condition may<br>be associated with deficiencies of GALACTOKINASE; UDPGLUCOSE-<br>HEXOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; or UDPGLUCOSE<br>4-EPIMERASE. The classic form is caused by UDPglucose-<br>Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase deficiency, and presents<br>in infancy with FAILURE TO THRIVE; VOMITING; and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Affected individuals also may develop MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; JAUNDICE; hepatosplenomegaly; ovarian failure<br>(PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY); and cataracts. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp61-3)",""],["Galactosemias",1893,0.0,"D005693","C18.452.648.202.355",0,"Description: A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which<br>feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This condition may<br>be associated with deficiencies of GALACTOKINASE; UDPGLUCOSE-<br>HEXOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; or UDPGLUCOSE<br>4-EPIMERASE. The classic form is caused by UDPglucose-<br>Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase deficiency, and presents<br>in infancy with FAILURE TO THRIVE; VOMITING; and INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION. Affected individuals also may develop MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; JAUNDICE; hepatosplenomegaly; ovarian failure<br>(PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY); and cataracts. (From Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp61-3)",""],["Gilbert Disease",823,0.0,"D005878","C18.452.648.300.528",0,"Description: A benign familial disorder, transmitted as an<br>autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized by low-grade<br>chronic hyperbilirubinemia with considerable daily fluctuations<br>of the bilirubin level.",""],["Glycogen Storage Disease",7248,0.1,"D006008","C18.452.648.202.449",9,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders involving<br>the enzymes responsible for the synthesis and degradation of<br>glycogen. In some patients, prominent liver involvement is<br>presented. In others, more generalized storage of glycogen<br>occurs, sometimes with prominent cardiac involvement.",""],["Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency",3922,0.0,"D005955","C18.452.648.202.402",0,"Description: A disease-producing enzyme deficiency subject to<br>many variants, some of which cause a deficiency of<br>GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE activity in erythrocytes,<br>leading to hemolytic anemia.",""],["Glycosuria, Renal",348,0.0,"D006030","C18.452.394.937.450",0,"Description: An autosomal inherited disorder due to defective<br>reabsorption of GLUCOSE by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The<br>urinary loss of glucose can reach beyond 50 g/day. It is<br>attributed to the mutations in the SODIUM-GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 2<br>encoded by the SLC5A2 gene.",""],["Gout",12275,0.1,"D006073","C18.452.648.798.368",1,"Description: Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute<br>arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and<br>around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi.",""],["Hartnup Disease",153,0.0,"D006250","C18.452.132.100.355",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective<br>absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the<br>PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN,<br>a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency,<br>PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional<br>instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the<br>neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.",""],["Hartnup Disease",153,0.0,"D006250","C18.452.648.151.355",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective<br>absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the<br>PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN,<br>a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency,<br>PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional<br>instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the<br>neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.",""],["Hartnup Disease",153,0.0,"D006250","C18.452.648.189.355",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective<br>absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the<br>PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN,<br>a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency,<br>PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional<br>instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the<br>neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.",""],["Hemochromatosis",7489,0.1,"D006432","C18.452.565.500.480",0,"Description: A disorder of iron metabolism characterized by a<br>triad of HEMOSIDEROSIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; and DIABETES MELLITUS.<br>It is caused by massive iron deposits in parenchymal cells that<br>may develop after a prolonged increase of iron absorption.<br>(Jablonski's Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed)",""],["Hemochromatosis",7489,0.1,"D006432","C18.452.648.618.337",0,"Description: A disorder of iron metabolism characterized by a<br>triad of HEMOSIDEROSIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; and DIABETES MELLITUS.<br>It is caused by massive iron deposits in parenchymal cells that<br>may develop after a prolonged increase of iron absorption.<br>(Jablonski's Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed)",""],["Hemosiderosis",2074,0.0,"D006486","C18.452.565.500.500",0,"Description: Conditions in which there is a generalized increase<br>in the iron stores of body tissues, particularly of liver and the<br>MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM, without demonstrable tissue damage.<br>The name refers to the presence of stainable iron in the tissue<br>in the form of hemosiderin.",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.1,"D006527","C18.452.132.100.360",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.1,"D006527","C18.452.648.189.360",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Hepatolenticular Degeneration",5938,0.1,"D006527","C18.452.648.618.403",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by<br>the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other<br>organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding<br>copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the<br>Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads<br>to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic<br>dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.",""],["Homocystinuria",1392,0.0,"D006712","C18.452.132.100.365",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine<br>metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-<br>SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma<br>and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus,<br>SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin<br>blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased<br>incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop<br>fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR<br>ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979)",""],["Hyperhomocysteinemia",5316,0.1,"D020138","C18.452.648.100.480",1,"Description: Condition in which the plasma levels of homocysteine<br>and related metabolites are elevated (>13.9 \u03bcmol/l).<br>Hyperhomocysteinemia can be familial or acquired. Development of<br>the acquired hyperhomocysteinemia is mostly associated with<br>vitamins B and/or folate deficiency (e.g., PERNICIOUS ANEMIA,<br>vitamin malabsorption). Familial hyperhomocysteinemia often<br>results in a more severe elevation of total homocysteine and<br>excretion into the urine, resulting in HOMOCYSTINURIA.<br>Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular and<br>neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporotic fractures and<br>complications during pregnancy.",""],["Homocystinuria",1392,0.0,"D006712","C18.452.648.189.365",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine<br>metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-<br>SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma<br>and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus,<br>SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin<br>blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased<br>incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop<br>fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR<br>ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979)",""],["Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined",735,0.0,"D006950","C18.452.584.563.450",0,"Description: A type of familial lipid metabolism disorder<br>characterized by a variable pattern of elevated plasma<br>CHOLESTEROL and/or TRIGLYCERIDES. Multiple genes on different<br>chromosomes may be involved, such as the major late transcription<br>factor (UPSTREAM STIMULATORY FACTORS) on CHROMOSOME 1.",""],["Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined",735,0.0,"D006950","C18.452.648.398.450",0,"Description: A type of familial lipid metabolism disorder<br>characterized by a variable pattern of elevated plasma<br>CHOLESTEROL and/or TRIGLYCERIDES. Multiple genes on different<br>chromosomes may be involved, such as the major late transcription<br>factor (UPSTREAM STIMULATORY FACTORS) on CHROMOSOME 1.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III",517,0.0,"D006952","C18.452.584.563.483",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited disorder<br>characterized by the accumulation of intermediate-density<br>lipoprotein (IDL or broad-beta-lipoprotein). IDL has a<br>CHOLESTEROL to TRIGLYCERIDES ratio greater than that of VERY-LOW-<br>DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. This disorder is due to mutation of<br>APOLIPOPROTEINS E, a receptor-binding component of VLDL and<br>CHYLOMICRONS, resulting in their reduced clearance and high<br>plasma levels of both cholesterol and triglycerides.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III",517,0.0,"D006952","C18.452.648.398.483",0,"Description: An autosomal recessively inherited disorder<br>characterized by the accumulation of intermediate-density<br>lipoprotein (IDL or broad-beta-lipoprotein). IDL has a<br>CHOLESTEROL to TRIGLYCERIDES ratio greater than that of VERY-LOW-<br>DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. This disorder is due to mutation of<br>APOLIPOPROTEINS E, a receptor-binding component of VLDL and<br>CHYLOMICRONS, resulting in their reduced clearance and high<br>plasma levels of both cholesterol and triglycerides.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV",563,0.0,"D006953","C18.452.584.563.487",0,"Description: A hypertriglyceridemia disorder, often with<br>autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by the<br>persistent elevations of plasma TRIGLYCERIDES, endogenously<br>synthesized and contained predominantly in VERY-LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins). In contrast, the plasma<br>CHOLESTEROL and PHOSPHOLIPIDS usually remain within normal<br>limits.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV",563,0.0,"D006953","C18.452.648.398.487",0,"Description: A hypertriglyceridemia disorder, often with<br>autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by the<br>persistent elevations of plasma TRIGLYCERIDES, endogenously<br>synthesized and contained predominantly in VERY-LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins). In contrast, the plasma<br>CHOLESTEROL and PHOSPHOLIPIDS usually remain within normal<br>limits.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V",156,0.0,"D006954","C18.452.584.563.493",0,"Description: A severe type of hyperlipidemia, sometimes familial,<br>that is characterized by the elevation of both plasma<br>CHYLOMICRONS and TRIGLYCERIDES contained in VERY-LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS. Type V hyperlipoproteinemia is often associated<br>with DIABETES MELLITUS and is not caused by reduced LIPOPROTEIN<br>LIPASE activity as in HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE I .",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V",156,0.0,"D006954","C18.452.648.398.493",0,"Description: A severe type of hyperlipidemia, sometimes familial,<br>that is characterized by the elevation of both plasma<br>CHYLOMICRONS and TRIGLYCERIDES contained in VERY-LOW-DENSITY<br>LIPOPROTEINS. Type V hyperlipoproteinemia is often associated<br>with DIABETES MELLITUS and is not caused by reduced LIPOPROTEIN<br>LIPASE activity as in HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE I .",""],["Hyperoxaluria, Primary",1054,0.0,"D006960","C18.452.648.202.460",0,"Description: A genetic disorder characterized by excretion of<br>large amounts of OXALATES in urine; NEPHROLITHIASIS;<br>NEPHROCALCINOSIS; early onset of RENAL FAILURE; and often a<br>generalized deposit of CALCIUM OXALATE. There are subtypes<br>classified by the enzyme defects in glyoxylate metabolism.",""],["Hypophosphatasia",971,0.0,"D007014","C18.452.648.618.482",0,"Description: A genetic metabolic disorder resulting from serum<br>and bone alkaline phosphatase deficiency leading to<br>hypercalcemia, ethanolamine phosphatemia, and ethanolamine<br>phosphaturia. Clinical manifestations include severe skeletal<br>defects resembling vitamin D-resistant rickets, failure of the<br>calvarium to calcify, dyspnea, cyanosis, vomiting, constipation,<br>renal calcinosis, failure to thrive, disorders of movement,<br>beading of the costochondral junction, and rachitic bone changes.<br>(From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hypophosphatemia, Familial",2053,0.0,"D007015","C18.452.648.618.544",1,"Description: An inherited condition of abnormally low serum<br>levels of PHOSPHATES (below 1 mg/liter) which can occur in a<br>number of genetic diseases with defective reabsorption of<br>inorganic phosphorus by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This leads to<br>phosphaturia, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, and disturbances of cellular and<br>organ functions such as those in X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; and FANCONI SYNDROME.",""],["Hypophosphatemia, Familial",2053,0.0,"D007015","C18.452.750.400.500",1,"Description: An inherited condition of abnormally low serum<br>levels of PHOSPHATES (below 1 mg/liter) which can occur in a<br>number of genetic diseases with defective reabsorption of<br>inorganic phosphorus by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This leads to<br>phosphaturia, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, and disturbances of cellular and<br>organ functions such as those in X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; and FANCONI SYNDROME.",""],["Insulin Coma",535,0.0,"D007331","C18.452.394.984.492",0,"Description: Severe HYPOGLYCEMIA induced by a large dose of<br>exogenous INSULIN resulting in a COMA or profound state of<br>unconsciousness from which the individual cannot be aroused.",""],["Insulin Resistance",66161,0.8,"D007333","C18.452.394.968.500",1,"Description: Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering<br>blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of<br>insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.",""],["Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic",592,0.0,"D007566","C18.452.648.300.764",0,"Description: A benign, autosomally recessive inherited<br>hyperbilirubinemia characterized by the presence of a dark<br>pigment in the centrilobular region of the liver cells. There is<br>a functional defect in biliary excretion of bilirubin,<br>cholephilic dyes, and porphyrins. Affected persons may be<br>asymptomatic or have vague constitutional or gastrointestinal<br>symptoms. The liver may be slightly enlarged, and oral and<br>intravenous cholangiography fails to visualize the biliary tract.",""],["Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External",1192,0.0,"D017246","C18.452.660.560.700",1,"Description: A mitochondrial myopathy characterized by slowly<br>progressive paralysis of the levator palpebrae, orbicularis<br>oculi, and extraocular muscles. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are<br>found on muscle biopsy. Familial and sporadic forms may occur.<br>Disease onset is usually in the first or second decade of life,<br>and the illness slowly progresses until usually all ocular<br>motility is lost. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1422)",""],["Ketosis",7648,0.1,"D007662","C18.452.076.176.652",1,"Description: A condition characterized by an abnormally elevated<br>concentration of KETONE BODIES in the blood (acetonemia) or urine<br>(acetonuria). It is a sign of DIABETES COMPLICATION, starvation,<br>alcoholism or a mitochondrial metabolic disturbance (e.g., MAPLE<br>SYRUP URINE DISEASE).",""],["Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome",881,0.0,"D007706","C18.452.132.100.540",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of copper metabolism<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the<br>infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia,<br>SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and<br>severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper<br>transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes<br>results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several<br>copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE;<br>CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes<br>include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis.<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)",""],["Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome",881,0.0,"D007706","C18.452.648.189.540",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of copper metabolism<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the<br>infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia,<br>SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and<br>severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper<br>transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes<br>results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several<br>copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE;<br>CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes<br>include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis.<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)",""],["Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome",881,0.0,"D007706","C18.452.648.618.590",0,"Description: An inherited disorder of copper metabolism<br>transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the<br>infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia,<br>SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and<br>severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper<br>transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes<br>results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several<br>copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE;<br>CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes<br>include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis.<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)",""],["Kwashiorkor",1878,0.0,"D007732","C18.654.521.719.500",0,"Description: A syndrome produced by severe protein deficiency,<br>characterized by retarded growth, changes in skin and hair<br>pigment, edema, and pathologic changes in the liver, including<br>fatty infiltration, necrosis, and fibrosis. The word is a local<br>name in Gold Coast, Africa, meaning \"displaced child\". Although<br>first reported from Africa, kwashiorkor is now known throughout<br>the world, but mainly in the tropics and subtropics. It is<br>considered to be related to marasmus. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Lactose Intolerance",2380,0.0,"D007787","C18.452.648.202.589",0,"Description: The condition resulting from the absence or<br>deficiency of LACTASE in the MUCOSA cells of the GASTROINTESTINAL<br>TRACT, and the inability to break down LACTOSE in milk for<br>ABSORPTION. Bacterial fermentation of the unabsorbed lactose<br>leads to symptoms that range from a mild indigestion (DYSPEPSIA)<br>to severe DIARRHEA. Lactose intolerance may be an inborn error or<br>acquired.",""],["Leigh Disease",1117,0.0,"D007888","C18.452.132.100.412",0,"Description: A group of metabolic disorders primarily of infancy<br>characterized by the subacute onset of psychomotor retardation,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, weakness, vision loss, eye movement<br>abnormalities, seizures, dysphagia, and lactic acidosis.<br>Pathological features include spongy degeneration of the<br>neuropile of the basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem, and spinal<br>cord. Patterns of inheritance include X-linked recessive,<br>autosomal recessive, and mitochondrial. Leigh disease has been<br>associated with mutations in genes for the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE<br>COMPLEX; CYTOCHROME-C OXIDASE; ATP synthase subunit 6; and<br>subunits of mitochondrial complex I. (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, p850).",""],["Leigh Disease",1117,0.0,"D007888","C18.452.648.189.412",0,"Description: A group of metabolic disorders primarily of infancy<br>characterized by the subacute onset of psychomotor retardation,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, weakness, vision loss, eye movement<br>abnormalities, seizures, dysphagia, and lactic acidosis.<br>Pathological features include spongy degeneration of the<br>neuropile of the basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem, and spinal<br>cord. Patterns of inheritance include X-linked recessive,<br>autosomal recessive, and mitochondrial. Leigh disease has been<br>associated with mutations in genes for the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE<br>COMPLEX; CYTOCHROME-C OXIDASE; ATP synthase subunit 6; and<br>subunits of mitochondrial complex I. (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, p850).",""],["Pyruvate Metabolism, Inborn Errors",1687,0.0,"D015323","C18.452.648.202.810",3,"Description: Hereditary disorders of pyruvate metabolism. They<br>are difficult to diagnose and describe because pyruvate is a key<br>intermediate in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the<br>tricarboxylic acid cycle. Some inherited metabolic disorders may<br>alter pyruvate metabolism indirectly. Disorders in pyruvate<br>metabolism appear to lead to deficiencies in neurotransmitter<br>synthesis and, consequently, to nervous system disorders.",""],["Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome",920,0.0,"D007926","C18.452.132.100.425",0,"Description: An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked<br>trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine<br>metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected<br>individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop<br>psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders,<br>progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors<br>such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently.<br>Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not<br>severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the<br>development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)",""],["Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome",920,0.0,"D007926","C18.452.648.189.425",0,"Description: An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked<br>trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine<br>metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected<br>individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop<br>psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders,<br>progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors<br>such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently.<br>Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not<br>severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the<br>development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)",""],["Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome",920,0.0,"D007926","C18.452.648.798.594",0,"Description: An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked<br>trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine<br>metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected<br>individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop<br>psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders,<br>progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors<br>such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently.<br>Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not<br>severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the<br>development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes,<br>Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)",""],["Mucopolysaccharidoses",7295,0.1,"D009083","C18.452.648.202.715",6,"Description: Group of lysosomal storage diseases each caused by<br>an inherited deficiency of an enzyme involved in the degradation<br>of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). The diseases are<br>progressive and often display a wide spectrum of clinical<br>severity within one enzyme deficiency.",""],["Mucopolysaccharidoses",7295,0.1,"D009083","C18.452.648.595.600",6,"Description: Group of lysosomal storage diseases each caused by<br>an inherited deficiency of an enzyme involved in the degradation<br>of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). The diseases are<br>progressive and often display a wide spectrum of clinical<br>severity within one enzyme deficiency.",""],["Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical",684,0.0,"D008069","C18.452.584.718.750",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the growth of<br>unencapsulated masses of ADIPOSE TISSUE symmetrically deposited<br>around the neck, shoulders, or other sites around the body.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I",593,0.0,"D008072","C18.452.584.563.465",0,"Description: An inherited condition due to a deficiency of either<br>LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE or APOLIPOPROTEIN C-II (a lipase-activating<br>protein). The lack of lipase activities results in inability to<br>remove CHYLOMICRONS and TRIGLYCERIDES from the blood which has a<br>creamy top layer after standing.",""],["Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I",593,0.0,"D008072","C18.452.648.398.465",0,"Description: An inherited condition due to a deficiency of either<br>LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE or APOLIPOPROTEIN C-II (a lipase-activating<br>protein). The lack of lipase activities results in inability to<br>remove CHYLOMICRONS and TRIGLYCERIDES from the blood which has a<br>creamy top layer after standing.",""],["Magnesium Deficiency",3501,0.0,"D008275","C18.654.521.500.439",0,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>magnesium in the diet, characterized by anorexia, nausea,<br>vomiting, lethargy, and weakness. Symptoms are paresthesias,<br>muscle cramps, irritability, decreased attention span, and mental<br>confusion, possibly requiring months to appear. Deficiency of<br>body magnesium can exist even when serum values are normal. In<br>addition, magnesium deficiency may be organ-selective, since<br>certain tissues become deficient before others. (Harrison's<br>Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1936)",""],["Mannosidase Deficiency Diseases",282,0.0,"D044904","C18.452.648.202.607",2,"Description: Diseases caused by the loss of one or more enzymes<br>involved in the hydrolysis of mannoside linkages (MANNOSIDASES).<br>The defects in enzyme activity are primarily associated with<br>genetic mutation of the genes that codes for a particular<br>mannosidase isoenzyme.",""],["Mannosidase Deficiency Diseases",282,0.0,"D044904","C18.452.648.595.577",2,"Description: Diseases caused by the loss of one or more enzymes<br>involved in the hydrolysis of mannoside linkages (MANNOSIDASES).<br>The defects in enzyme activity are primarily associated with<br>genetic mutation of the genes that codes for a particular<br>mannosidase isoenzyme.",""],["Maple Syrup Urine Disease",1024,0.0,"D008375","C18.452.132.100.520",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder with<br>multiple forms of phenotypic expression, caused by a defect in<br>the oxidative decarboxylation of branched-chain amino acids<br>(AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-CHAIN). These metabolites accumulate in<br>body fluids and render a \"maple syrup\" odor. The disease is<br>divided into classic, intermediate, intermittent, and thiamine<br>responsive subtypes. The classic form presents in the first week<br>of life with ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, emesis, neonatal<br>seizures, and hypertonia. The intermediate and intermittent forms<br>present in childhood or later with acute episodes of ataxia and<br>vomiting. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p936)",""],["Maple Syrup Urine Disease",1024,0.0,"D008375","C18.452.648.100.608",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder with<br>multiple forms of phenotypic expression, caused by a defect in<br>the oxidative decarboxylation of branched-chain amino acids<br>(AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-CHAIN). These metabolites accumulate in<br>body fluids and render a \"maple syrup\" odor. The disease is<br>divided into classic, intermediate, intermittent, and thiamine<br>responsive subtypes. The classic form presents in the first week<br>of life with ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, emesis, neonatal<br>seizures, and hypertonia. The intermediate and intermittent forms<br>present in childhood or later with acute episodes of ataxia and<br>vomiting. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p936)",""],["Maple Syrup Urine Disease",1024,0.0,"D008375","C18.452.648.189.520",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder with<br>multiple forms of phenotypic expression, caused by a defect in<br>the oxidative decarboxylation of branched-chain amino acids<br>(AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-CHAIN). These metabolites accumulate in<br>body fluids and render a \"maple syrup\" odor. The disease is<br>divided into classic, intermediate, intermittent, and thiamine<br>responsive subtypes. The classic form presents in the first week<br>of life with ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, emesis, neonatal<br>seizures, and hypertonia. The intermediate and intermittent forms<br>present in childhood or later with acute episodes of ataxia and<br>vomiting. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p936)",""],["Mucolipidoses",1037,0.0,"D009081","C18.452.648.202.670",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic diseases<br>characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of acid<br>mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and/or glycolipids in<br>visceral and mesenchymal cells. Abnormal amounts of sphingolipids<br>or glycolipids are present in neural tissue. INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and skeletal changes, most notably dysostosis<br>multiplex, occur frequently. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, pp36-7)",""],["Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency",409,0.0,"D009100","C18.452.648.100.620",2,"Description: A deficiency in the activities of biotin-dependent<br>enzymes (propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA<br>carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to one of two defects<br>in BIOTIN metabolism. The neonatal form is due to HOLOCARBOXYLASE<br>SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY. The late-onset form is due to BIOTINIDASE<br>DEFICIENCY.",""],["Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency",409,0.0,"D009100","C18.452.648.202.720",2,"Description: A deficiency in the activities of biotin-dependent<br>enzymes (propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA<br>carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to one of two defects<br>in BIOTIN metabolism. The neonatal form is due to HOLOCARBOXYLASE<br>SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY. The late-onset form is due to BIOTINIDASE<br>DEFICIENCY.",""],["Nephrocalcinosis",1622,0.0,"D009397","C18.452.174.130.560",0,"Description: A condition characterized by calcification of the<br>renal tissue itself. It is usually seen in distal RENAL TUBULAR<br>ACIDOSIS with calcium deposition in the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULES and<br>the surrounding interstitium. Nephrocalcinosis causes RENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C18.452.132.100.640",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C18.452.648.151.600",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome",402,0.0,"D009800","C18.452.648.189.640",0,"Description: A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple<br>systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY.<br>Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL<br>RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME;<br>RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-<br>resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a<br>deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase<br>leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and<br>INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)",""],["Osteomalacia",3371,0.0,"D010018","C18.452.104.816.640",0,"Description: Disorder caused by an interruption of the<br>mineralization of organic bone matrix leading to bone softening,<br>bone pain, and weakness. It is the adult form of rickets<br>resulting from disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM<br>homeostasis.",""],["Osteomalacia",3371,0.0,"D010018","C18.452.174.845.640",0,"Description: Disorder caused by an interruption of the<br>mineralization of organic bone matrix leading to bone softening,<br>bone pain, and weakness. It is the adult form of rickets<br>resulting from disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM<br>homeostasis.",""],["Paralyses, Familial Periodic",1634,0.0,"D010245","C18.452.648.618.711",2,"Description: A heterogenous group of inherited disorders<br>characterized by recurring attacks of rapidly progressive flaccid<br>paralysis or myotonia. These conditions have in common a mutation<br>of the gene encoding the alpha subunit of the sodium channel in<br>skeletal muscle. They are frequently associated with fluctuations<br>in serum potassium levels. Periodic paralysis may also occur as a<br>non-familial process secondary to THYROTOXICOSIS and other<br>conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1481)",""],["Phenylketonurias",6570,0.1,"D010661","C18.452.132.100.687",1,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a<br>deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE or<br>less frequently by reduced activity of DIHYDROPTERIDINE REDUCTASE<br>(i.e., atypical phenylketonuria). Classical phenylketonuria is<br>caused by a severe deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase and<br>presents in infancy with developmental delay; SEIZURES; skin<br>HYPOPIGMENTATION; ECZEMA; and demyelination in the central<br>nervous system. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p952).",""],["Phenylketonurias",6570,0.1,"D010661","C18.452.648.100.766",1,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a<br>deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE or<br>less frequently by reduced activity of DIHYDROPTERIDINE REDUCTASE<br>(i.e., atypical phenylketonuria). Classical phenylketonuria is<br>caused by a severe deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase and<br>presents in infancy with developmental delay; SEIZURES; skin<br>HYPOPIGMENTATION; ECZEMA; and demyelination in the central<br>nervous system. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p952).",""],["Phenylketonurias",6570,0.1,"D010661","C18.452.648.189.687",1,"Description: A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a<br>deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE or<br>less frequently by reduced activity of DIHYDROPTERIDINE REDUCTASE<br>(i.e., atypical phenylketonuria). Classical phenylketonuria is<br>caused by a severe deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase and<br>presents in infancy with developmental delay; SEIZURES; skin<br>HYPOPIGMENTATION; ECZEMA; and demyelination in the central<br>nervous system. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p952).",""],["Potassium Deficiency",1316,0.0,"D011191","C18.654.521.500.617",0,"Description: A condition due to decreased dietary intake of<br>potassium, as in starvation or failure to administer in<br>intravenous solutions, or to gastrointestinal loss in diarrhea,<br>chronic laxative abuse, vomiting, gastric suction, or bowel<br>diversion. Severe potassium deficiency may produce muscular<br>weakness and lead to paralysis and respiratory failure. Muscular<br>malfunction may result in hypoventilation, paralytic ileus,<br>hypotension, muscle twitches, tetany, and rhabomyolysis.<br>Nephropathy from potassium deficit impairs the concentrating<br>mechanism, producing POLYURIA and decreased maximal urinary<br>concentrating ability with secondary POLYDIPSIA. (Merck Manual,<br>16th ed)",""],["Prediabetic State",6701,0.1,"D011236","C18.452.394.750.774",0,"Description: The time period before the development of<br>symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be<br>observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE<br>as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).",""],["Protein Deficiency",9415,0.1,"D011488","C18.654.521.500.708",1,"Description: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of<br>proteins in the diet, characterized by adaptive enzyme changes in<br>the liver, increase in amino acid synthetases, and diminution of<br>urea formation, thus conserving nitrogen and reducing its loss in<br>the urine. Growth, immune response, repair, and production of<br>enzymes and hormones are all impaired in severe protein<br>deficiency. Protein deficiency may also arise in the face of<br>adequate protein intake if the protein is of poor quality (i.e.,<br>the content of one or more amino acids is inadequate and thus<br>becomes the limiting factor in protein utilization). (From Merck<br>Manual, 16th ed; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th<br>ed, p406)",""],["Pseudohypoparathyroidism",1610,0.0,"D011547","C18.452.648.618.815",1,"Description: A hereditary syndrome clinically similar to<br>HYPOPARATHYROIDISM. It is characterized by HYPOCALCEMIA;<br>HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA; and associated skeletal development impairment<br>and caused by failure of response to PARATHYROID HORMONE rather<br>than deficiencies. A severe form with resistance to multiple<br>hormones is referred to as Type 1a and is associated with<br>maternal mutant allele of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G<br>PROTEIN.",""],["Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism",242,0.0,"D011556","C18.452.104.709.628",0,"Description: A form of PSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM characterized by<br>the same features except for the abnormal response to hormones<br>such as PARATHYROID HORMONE. It is associated with paternally<br>inherited mutant alleles of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G<br>PROTEIN.",""],["Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism",242,0.0,"D011556","C18.452.174.766.815",0,"Description: A form of PSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM characterized by<br>the same features except for the abnormal response to hormones<br>such as PARATHYROID HORMONE. It is associated with paternally<br>inherited mutant alleles of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G<br>PROTEIN.",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C18.452.132.100.813",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C18.452.648.189.813",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Refsum Disease",477,0.0,"D012035","C18.452.648.663.760",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive familial disorder that<br>usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL<br>HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and<br>CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37,<br>p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be<br>caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-<br>CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane,<br>leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.",""],["Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder",2928,0.0,"D012080","C18.452.104.816.750",0,"Description: Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development<br>due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3<br>synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative<br>feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.",""],["Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder",2928,0.0,"D012080","C18.452.174.845.750",0,"Description: Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development<br>due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3<br>synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative<br>feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.",""],["Swayback",57,0.0,"D013540","C18.654.521.500.857",0,"Description: Congenital locomotor ataxia of lambs, thought to be<br>associated with copper deficiency. It is characterized clinically<br>by progressive incoordination of the hind limbs and<br>pathologically by disruption of neuron and myelin development in<br>the central nervous system. It is caused by a deficiency of<br>metabolizable copper in the ewe during the last half of her<br>pregnancy. (Dorland, 28th ed; Stedman, 26th ed)",""],["Tetany",1872,0.0,"D013746","C18.452.174.509.700",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by muscle twitches, cramps,<br>and carpopedal spasm, and when severe, laryngospasm and seizures.<br>This condition is associated with unstable depolarization of<br>axonal membranes, primarily in the peripheral nervous system.<br>Tetany usually results from HYPOCALCEMIA or reduced serum levels<br>of MAGNESIUM that may be associated with HYPERVENTILATION;<br>HYPOPARATHYROIDISM; RICKETS; UREMIA; or other conditions. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1490)",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C18.452.132.100.968",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C18.452.648.189.968",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Zellweger Syndrome",458,0.0,"D015211","C18.452.648.663.970",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in<br>PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 genes encoding<br>peroxin proteins of the peroxisomal membrane and matrix.<br>Zellweger syndrome is typically seen in the neonatal period with<br>features such as dysmorphic skull; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; visual compromise; SEIZURES;<br>progressive degeneration of the KIDNEYS and the LIVER. Zellweger-<br>like syndrome refers to phenotypes resembling the neonatal<br>Zellweger syndrome but seen in children or adults with apparently<br>intact peroxisome biogenesis.",""],["Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease",460,0.0,"D015217","C18.452.648.595.201",1,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations<br>in the gene for acid lipase (STEROL ESTERASE). It is<br>characterized by the accumulation of neutral lipids, particularly<br>CHOLESTEROL ESTERS in leukocytes, fibroblasts, and hepatocytes.",""],["Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease",99,0.0,"D015324","C18.452.132.100.725",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activity, the enzyme<br>that regulates gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and neurotransmitter<br>synthesis. Clinical manifestations include lactic acidosis,<br>seizures, respiratory distress, marked psychomotor delay,<br>periodic HYPOGLYCEMIA, and hypotonia. The clinical course may be<br>similar to LEIGH DISEASE. (From Am J Hum Genet 1998<br>Jun;62(6):1312-9)",""],["Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease",99,0.0,"D015324","C18.452.648.189.725",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activity, the enzyme<br>that regulates gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and neurotransmitter<br>synthesis. Clinical manifestations include lactic acidosis,<br>seizures, respiratory distress, marked psychomotor delay,<br>periodic HYPOGLYCEMIA, and hypotonia. The clinical course may be<br>similar to LEIGH DISEASE. (From Am J Hum Genet 1998<br>Jun;62(6):1312-9)",""],["Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease",340,0.0,"D015325","C18.452.132.100.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient<br>enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX, resulting<br>in deficiency of acetyl CoA and reduced synthesis of<br>acetylcholine. Two clinical forms are recognized: neonatal and<br>juvenile. The neonatal form is a relatively common cause of<br>lactic acidosis in the first weeks of life and may also feature<br>an erythematous rash. The juvenile form presents with lactic<br>acidosis, alopecia, intermittent ATAXIA; SEIZURES; and an<br>erythematous rash. (From J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(4):452-62)<br>Autosomal recessive and X-linked forms are caused by mutations in<br>the genes for the three different enzyme components of this<br>multisubunit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. One of the mutations<br>at Xp22.2-p22.1 in the gene for the E1 alpha component of the<br>complex leads to LEIGH DISEASE.",""],["Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease",340,0.0,"D015325","C18.452.648.189.750",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient<br>enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX, resulting<br>in deficiency of acetyl CoA and reduced synthesis of<br>acetylcholine. Two clinical forms are recognized: neonatal and<br>juvenile. The neonatal form is a relatively common cause of<br>lactic acidosis in the first weeks of life and may also feature<br>an erythematous rash. The juvenile form presents with lactic<br>acidosis, alopecia, intermittent ATAXIA; SEIZURES; and an<br>erythematous rash. (From J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(4):452-62)<br>Autosomal recessive and X-linked forms are caused by mutations in<br>the genes for the three different enzyme components of this<br>multisubunit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. One of the mutations<br>at Xp22.2-p22.1 in the gene for the E1 alpha component of the<br>complex leads to LEIGH DISEASE.",""],["Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal",11215,0.1,"D015663","C18.452.104.579.610",0,"Description: Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the<br>femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly<br>in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by<br>factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency.",""],["Ichthyosis, X-Linked",240,0.0,"D016114","C18.452.648.925.400",0,"Description: Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a<br>sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and<br>transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe<br>scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with<br>steroid sulfatase deficiency.",""],["Diabetes, Gestational",12854,0.2,"D016640","C18.452.394.750.448",0,"Description: Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved<br>at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed<br>diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS).<br>Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when<br>insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN<br>RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy",1986,0.0,"D016657","C18.452.845.500.100",1,"Description: A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial<br>disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small<br>and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES.<br>Clinical features include multiple, small lobar CEREBRAL<br>HEMORRHAGE; cerebral ischemia (BRAIN ISCHEMIA); and CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is unrelated to<br>generalized AMYLOIDOSIS. Amyloidogenic peptides in this condition<br>are nearly always the same ones found in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (from<br>Kumar: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed.,<br>2005)",""],["Porphyria, Acute Intermittent",1285,0.0,"D017118","C18.452.811.400.150",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of HYDROXYMETHYLBILANE SYNTHASE in the LIVER, the<br>third enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME.<br>Clinical features are recurrent and life-threatening neurologic<br>disturbances, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and elevated level of<br>AMINOLEVULINIC ACID and PORPHOBILINOGEN in the urine.",""],["Porphyria Cutanea Tarda",960,0.0,"D017119","C18.452.811.400.250",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant or acquired porphyria due to a<br>deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE in the LIVER. It is<br>characterized by photosensitivity and cutaneous lesions with<br>little or no neurologic symptoms. Type I is the acquired form and<br>is strongly associated with liver diseases and hepatic toxicities<br>caused by alcohol or estrogenic steroids. Type II is the familial<br>form.",""],["Porphyria, Hepatoerythropoietic",216,0.0,"D017121","C18.452.811.400.437",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive cutaneous porphyria that is<br>due to a deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE in both the<br>LIVER and the BONE MARROW. Similar to PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDA,<br>this disorder is caused by defects in the fifth enzyme in the<br>8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME, but is a homozygous enzyme<br>deficiency with less than 10% of the normal enzyme activity.<br>Cutaneous lesions are severe and mutilating.",""],["Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies",2715,0.0,"D017237","C18.452.660.560.620",2,"Description: A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by<br>alterations of mitochondrial metabolism that result in muscle and<br>nervous system dysfunction. These are often multisystemic and<br>vary considerably in age at onset (usually in the first or second<br>decade of life), distribution of affected muscles, severity, and<br>course. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp984-5)",""],["MELAS Syndrome",1350,0.0,"D017241","C18.452.132.100.535",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or<br>generalized seizures, episodes of transient or persistent<br>neurologic dysfunction resembling strokes, and ragged-red fibers<br>on muscle biopsy. Affected individuals tend to be normal at birth<br>through early childhood, then experience growth failure, episodic<br>vomiting, and recurrent cerebral insults resulting in visual loss<br>and hemiparesis. The cortical lesions tend to occur in the<br>parietal and occipital lobes and are not associated with vascular<br>occlusion. VASCULAR HEADACHE is frequently associated and the<br>disorder tends to be familial. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, p117)",""],["MELAS Syndrome",1350,0.0,"D017241","C18.452.648.189.535",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or<br>generalized seizures, episodes of transient or persistent<br>neurologic dysfunction resembling strokes, and ragged-red fibers<br>on muscle biopsy. Affected individuals tend to be normal at birth<br>through early childhood, then experience growth failure, episodic<br>vomiting, and recurrent cerebral insults resulting in visual loss<br>and hemiparesis. The cortical lesions tend to occur in the<br>parietal and occipital lobes and are not associated with vascular<br>occlusion. VASCULAR HEADACHE is frequently associated and the<br>disorder tends to be familial. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology,<br>1992, Ch56, p117)",""],["MERRF Syndrome",296,0.0,"D017243","C18.452.132.100.545",0,"Description: A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized<br>clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, progressive<br>ataxia, spasticity, and a mild myopathy. Dysarthria, optic<br>atrophy, growth retardation, deafness, and dementia may also<br>occur. This condition tends to present in childhood and to be<br>transmitted via maternal lineage. Muscle biopsies reveal ragged-<br>red fibers and respiratory chain enzymatic defects. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p986)",""],["MERRF Syndrome",296,0.0,"D017243","C18.452.648.189.545",0,"Description: A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized<br>clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, progressive<br>ataxia, spasticity, and a mild myopathy. Dysarthria, optic<br>atrophy, growth retardation, deafness, and dementia may also<br>occur. This condition tends to present in childhood and to be<br>transmitted via maternal lineage. Muscle biopsies reveal ragged-<br>red fibers and respiratory chain enzymatic defects. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p986)",""],["CREST Syndrome",258,0.0,"D017675","C18.452.174.130.204",0,"Description: A mild form of LIMITED SCLERODERMA, a multi-system<br>disorder. Its features include symptoms of CALCINOSIS; RAYNAUD<br>DISEASE; ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS; sclerodactyly, and<br>TELANGIECTASIS. When the defect in esophageal function is not<br>prominent, it is known as CRST syndrome.",""],["Amyloid Neuropathies",2778,0.0,"D017772","C18.452.845.500.050",1,"Description: Disorders of the peripheral nervous system<br>associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue.<br>Familial, primary (nonfamilial), and secondary forms have been<br>described. Some familial subtypes demonstrate an autosomal<br>dominant pattern of inheritance. Clinical manifestations include<br>sensory loss, mild weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and CARPAL<br>TUNNEL SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1349)",""],["Glucose Intolerance",6124,0.1,"D018149","C18.452.394.952.500",0,"Description: A pathological state in which BLOOD GLUCOSE level is<br>less than approximately 140 mg/100 ml of PLASMA at fasting, and<br>above approximately 200 mg/100 ml plasma at 30-, 60-, or<br>90-minute during a GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST. This condition is seen<br>frequently in DIABETES MELLITUS, but also occurs with other<br>diseases and MALNUTRITION.",""],["Anemia, Iron-Deficiency",10067,0.1,"D018798","C18.452.565.400.500",0,"Description: Anemia characterized by decreased or absent iron<br>stores, low serum iron concentration, low transferrin saturation,<br>and low hemoglobin concentration or hematocrit value. The<br>erythrocytes are hypochromic and microcytic and the iron binding<br>capacity is increased.",""],["Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic",109,0.0,"D018902","C18.452.648.663.265",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive form of CHONDRODYSPLASIA<br>PUNCTATA characterized by defective plasmalogen biosynthesis and<br>impaired peroxisomes. Patients have shortened proximal limbs and<br>severely disturbed endochondral bone formation. The metabolic<br>defects associated with the impaired peroxisomes are present only<br>in the rhizomelic form of chondrodysplasia punctata. (From<br>Scriver et al, Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease, 6th ed,<br>p1497)",""],["Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation",981,0.0,"D018981","C18.452.648.202.125",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous group of heritable<br>disorders resulting from defects in protein N-glycosylation.",""],["Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome",595,0.0,"D019082","C18.452.584.500.937",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of CHOLESTEROL<br>metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol<br>reductase, the enzyme that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to<br>cholesterol, leading to an abnormally low plasma cholesterol.<br>This syndrome is characterized by multiple CONGENITAL<br>ABNORMALITIES, growth deficiency, and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome",595,0.0,"D019082","C18.452.584.563.850",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of CHOLESTEROL<br>metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol<br>reductase, the enzyme that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to<br>cholesterol, leading to an abnormally low plasma cholesterol.<br>This syndrome is characterized by multiple CONGENITAL<br>ABNORMALITIES, growth deficiency, and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome",595,0.0,"D019082","C18.452.648.398.850",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of CHOLESTEROL<br>metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol<br>reductase, the enzyme that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to<br>cholesterol, leading to an abnormally low plasma cholesterol.<br>This syndrome is characterized by multiple CONGENITAL<br>ABNORMALITIES, growth deficiency, and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome",595,0.0,"D019082","C18.452.648.925.875",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of CHOLESTEROL<br>metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol<br>reductase, the enzyme that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to<br>cholesterol, leading to an abnormally low plasma cholesterol.<br>This syndrome is characterized by multiple CONGENITAL<br>ABNORMALITIES, growth deficiency, and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous",452,0.0,"D019294","C18.452.584.563.925",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder due to<br>mutation of the gene CYP27A1 encoding a CHOLESTANETRIOL<br>26-MONOOXYGENASE. It is characterized by large deposits of<br>CHOLESTEROL and CHOLESTANOL in various tissues resulting in<br>xanthomatous swelling of tendons, early CATARACT, and progressive<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous",452,0.0,"D019294","C18.452.584.750.975",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder due to<br>mutation of the gene CYP27A1 encoding a CHOLESTANETRIOL<br>26-MONOOXYGENASE. It is characterized by large deposits of<br>CHOLESTEROL and CHOLESTANOL in various tissues resulting in<br>xanthomatous swelling of tendons, early CATARACT, and progressive<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous",452,0.0,"D019294","C18.452.648.398.925",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder due to<br>mutation of the gene CYP27A1 encoding a CHOLESTANETRIOL<br>26-MONOOXYGENASE. It is characterized by large deposits of<br>CHOLESTEROL and CHOLESTANOL in various tissues resulting in<br>xanthomatous swelling of tendons, early CATARACT, and progressive<br>neurological symptoms.",""],["Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic",271,0.0,"D020158","C18.452.132.100.375",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>deficiencies in the mitochondrial GLYCINE cleavage system.",""],["Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic",271,0.0,"D020158","C18.452.648.100.477",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>deficiencies in the mitochondrial GLYCINE cleavage system.",""],["Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic",271,0.0,"D020158","C18.452.648.189.375",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>deficiencies in the mitochondrial GLYCINE cleavage system.",""],["Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn",1956,0.0,"D056806","C18.452.132.100.937",5,"Description: Rare congenital metabolism disorders of the urea<br>cycle. The disorders are due to mutations that result in complete<br>(neonatal onset) or partial (childhood or adult onset) inactivity<br>of an enzyme, involved in the urea cycle. Neonatal onset results<br>in clinical features that include irritability, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, NEONATAL HYPOTONIA; RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS;<br>HYPERAMMONEMIA; coma, and death. Survivors of the neonatal onset<br>and childhood/adult onset disorders share common risks for<br>ENCEPHALOPATHIES, METABOLIC, INBORN; and RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS<br>due to HYPERAMMONEMIA.",""],["Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn",1956,0.0,"D056806","C18.452.648.100.940",5,"Description: Rare congenital metabolism disorders of the urea<br>cycle. The disorders are due to mutations that result in complete<br>(neonatal onset) or partial (childhood or adult onset) inactivity<br>of an enzyme, involved in the urea cycle. Neonatal onset results<br>in clinical features that include irritability, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, NEONATAL HYPOTONIA; RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS;<br>HYPERAMMONEMIA; coma, and death. Survivors of the neonatal onset<br>and childhood/adult onset disorders share common risks for<br>ENCEPHALOPATHIES, METABOLIC, INBORN; and RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS<br>due to HYPERAMMONEMIA.",""],["Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn",1956,0.0,"D056806","C18.452.648.189.937",5,"Description: Rare congenital metabolism disorders of the urea<br>cycle. The disorders are due to mutations that result in complete<br>(neonatal onset) or partial (childhood or adult onset) inactivity<br>of an enzyme, involved in the urea cycle. Neonatal onset results<br>in clinical features that include irritability, vomiting,<br>lethargy, seizures, NEONATAL HYPOTONIA; RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS;<br>HYPERAMMONEMIA; coma, and death. Survivors of the neonatal onset<br>and childhood/adult onset disorders share common risks for<br>ENCEPHALOPATHIES, METABOLIC, INBORN; and RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS<br>due to HYPERAMMONEMIA.",""],["Hyperlysinemias",15,0.0,"D020167","C18.452.132.100.380",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders which have<br>in common elevations of serum LYSINE levels. Enzyme deficiencies<br>of alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase and the<br>SACCHAROPINE DEHYDROGENASES have been associated with<br>hyperlysinemia. Clinical manifestations include mental<br>retardation, recurrent emesis, hypotonia, lethargy, diarrhea, and<br>developmental delay. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p56)",""],["Hyperlysinemias",15,0.0,"D020167","C18.452.648.100.544",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders which have<br>in common elevations of serum LYSINE levels. Enzyme deficiencies<br>of alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase and the<br>SACCHAROPINE DEHYDROGENASES have been associated with<br>hyperlysinemia. Clinical manifestations include mental<br>retardation, recurrent emesis, hypotonia, lethargy, diarrhea, and<br>developmental delay. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p56)",""],["Hyperlysinemias",15,0.0,"D020167","C18.452.648.189.380",0,"Description: A group of inherited metabolic disorders which have<br>in common elevations of serum LYSINE levels. Enzyme deficiencies<br>of alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase and the<br>SACCHAROPINE DEHYDROGENASES have been associated with<br>hyperlysinemia. Clinical manifestations include mental<br>retardation, recurrent emesis, hypotonia, lethargy, diarrhea, and<br>developmental delay. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p56)",""],["Tyrosinemias",523,0.0,"D020176","C18.452.132.100.875",0,"Description: A group of disorders which have in common elevations<br>of tyrosine in the blood and urine secondary to an enzyme<br>deficiency. Type I tyrosinemia features episodic weakness, self-<br>mutilation, hepatic necrosis, renal tubular injury, and seizures<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme fumarylacetoacetase.<br>Type II tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, painful<br>corneal ulcers, and keratoses of the palms and plantar surfaces<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme TYROSINE<br>TRANSAMINASE. Type III tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme<br>4-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp42-3)",""],["Tyrosinemias",523,0.0,"D020176","C18.452.648.100.880",0,"Description: A group of disorders which have in common elevations<br>of tyrosine in the blood and urine secondary to an enzyme<br>deficiency. Type I tyrosinemia features episodic weakness, self-<br>mutilation, hepatic necrosis, renal tubular injury, and seizures<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme fumarylacetoacetase.<br>Type II tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, painful<br>corneal ulcers, and keratoses of the palms and plantar surfaces<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme TYROSINE<br>TRANSAMINASE. Type III tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme<br>4-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp42-3)",""],["Tyrosinemias",523,0.0,"D020176","C18.452.648.189.875",0,"Description: A group of disorders which have in common elevations<br>of tyrosine in the blood and urine secondary to an enzyme<br>deficiency. Type I tyrosinemia features episodic weakness, self-<br>mutilation, hepatic necrosis, renal tubular injury, and seizures<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme fumarylacetoacetase.<br>Type II tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, painful<br>corneal ulcers, and keratoses of the palms and plantar surfaces<br>and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme TYROSINE<br>TRANSAMINASE. Type III tyrosinemia features INTELLECTUAL<br>DISABILITY and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme<br>4-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, pp42-3)",""],["Acatalasia",161,0.0,"D020642","C18.452.648.663.050",0,"Description: A rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting from<br>the absence of CATALASE activity. Though usually asymptomatic, a<br>syndrome of oral ulcerations and gangrene may be present.",""],["Amyloidosis, Familial",2896,0.0,"D028226","C18.452.845.500.075",2,"Description: Diseases in which there is a familial pattern of<br>AMYLOIDOSIS.",""],["Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial",2169,0.0,"D028227","C18.452.648.176.050",0,"Description: Inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system<br>associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. The<br>different clinical types based on symptoms correspond to the<br>presence of a variety of mutations in several different proteins<br>including transthyretin (PREALBUMIN); APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; and<br>GELSOLIN.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C18.452.132.100.168",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C18.452.648.176.160",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial",91,0.0,"D028243","C18.452.648.189.168",0,"Description: A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in<br>the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL<br>CORTEX and MENINGES.",""],["HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome",1111,0.0,"D039682","C18.452.584.625.400",0,"Description: Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution<br>in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be<br>multifactorial and probably involves some combination of<br>infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of<br>antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.",""],["HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome",1111,0.0,"D039682","C18.452.880.391.400",0,"Description: Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution<br>in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be<br>multifactorial and probably involves some combination of<br>infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of<br>antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.",""],["Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome, Apparent",74,0.0,"D043204","C18.452.648.925.500",0,"Description: A hereditary disease characterized by childhood<br>onset HYPERTENSION, hypokalemic alkalosis, and low RENIN and<br>ALDOSTERONE secretion. It results from a defect in the activity<br>of the 11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE TYPE 2 enzyme which<br>results in inadequate conversion of CORTISOL to CORTISONE. The<br>build up of unprocessed cortisol to levels that stimulate<br>MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTORS creates the appearance of having<br>excessive MINERALOCORTICOIDS.",""],["Congenital Hyperinsulinism",837,0.0,"D044903","C18.452.394.968.250",1,"Description: A familial, nontransient HYPOGLYCEMIA with defects<br>in negative feedback of GLUCOSE-regulated INSULIN release.<br>Clinical phenotypes include HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPERINSULINEMIA;<br>SEIZURES; COMA; and often large BIRTH WEIGHT. Several sub-types<br>exist with the most common, type 1, associated with mutations on<br>an ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS (subfamily C, member 8).",""],["Congenital Hyperinsulinism",837,0.0,"D044903","C18.452.394.984.200",1,"Description: A familial, nontransient HYPOGLYCEMIA with defects<br>in negative feedback of GLUCOSE-regulated INSULIN release.<br>Clinical phenotypes include HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPERINSULINEMIA;<br>SEIZURES; COMA; and often large BIRTH WEIGHT. Several sub-types<br>exist with the most common, type 1, associated with mutations on<br>an ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS (subfamily C, member 8).",""],["Coproporphyria, Hereditary",75,0.0,"D046349","C18.452.811.400.074",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of COPROPORPHYRINOGEN OXIDASE in the LIVER, the sixth<br>enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME. Clinical<br>features include both neurological symptoms and cutaneous<br>lesions. Patients excrete increased levels of porphyrin<br>precursors, 5-AMINOLEVULINATE and COPROPORPHYRINS.",""],["Porphyria, Variegate",101,0.0,"D046350","C18.452.811.400.625",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.4) in the<br>LIVER, the seventh enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of<br>HEME. Clinical features include both neurological symptoms and<br>cutaneous lesions. Patients excrete increased levels of porphyrin<br>precursors, COPROPORPHYRINS and protoporphyrinogen.",""],["Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic",367,0.0,"D046351","C18.452.811.400.812",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of FERROCHELATASE (heme synthetase) in both the LIVER<br>and the BONE MARROW, the last enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic<br>pathway of HEME. Clinical features include mainly neurological<br>symptoms, rarely cutaneous lesions, and elevated levels of<br>protoporphyrin and COPROPORPHYRINS in the feces.",""],["Vascular Calcification",5502,0.1,"D061205","C18.452.174.130.780",1,"Description: Deposition of calcium into the blood vessel<br>structures. Excessive calcification of the vessels are associated<br>with ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES formation particularly after<br>MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (see MONCKEBERG MEDIAL CALCIFIC SCLEROSIS)<br>and chronic kidney diseases which in turn increase VASCULAR<br>STIFFNESS.",""],["Hypobetalipoproteinemia, Familial, Apolipoprotein B",40,0.0,"D052476","C18.452.584.563.497",0,"Description: An autosomal dominant disorder of lipid metabolism.<br>It is caused by mutations of APOLIPOPROTEINS B, main components<br>of CHYLOMICRONS and BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins<br>or LDL). Features include abnormally low LDL, normal triglyceride<br>level, and dietary fat malabsorption.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial",172,0.0,"D052496","C18.452.584.563.798",0,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by the partial<br>loss of ADIPOSE TISSUE, either confined to the extremities with<br>normal or increased fat deposits on the face, neck and trunk<br>(type 1), or confined to the loss of SUBCUTANEOUS FAT from the<br>limbs and trunk (type 2). Type 3 is associated with mutation in<br>the gene encoding PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR<br>GAMMA.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial",172,0.0,"D052496","C18.452.584.625.700",0,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by the partial<br>loss of ADIPOSE TISSUE, either confined to the extremities with<br>normal or increased fat deposits on the face, neck and trunk<br>(type 1), or confined to the loss of SUBCUTANEOUS FAT from the<br>limbs and trunk (type 2). Type 3 is associated with mutation in<br>the gene encoding PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR<br>GAMMA.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial",172,0.0,"D052496","C18.452.880.391.700",0,"Description: Inherited conditions characterized by the partial<br>loss of ADIPOSE TISSUE, either confined to the extremities with<br>normal or increased fat deposits on the face, neck and trunk<br>(type 1), or confined to the loss of SUBCUTANEOUS FAT from the<br>limbs and trunk (type 2). Type 3 is associated with mutation in<br>the gene encoding PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR<br>GAMMA.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized",257,0.0,"D052497","C18.452.584.563.745",0,"Description: Congenital disorders, usually autosomal recessive,<br>characterized by severe generalized lack of ADIPOSE TISSUE,<br>extreme INSULIN RESISTANCE, and HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized",257,0.0,"D052497","C18.452.584.625.550",0,"Description: Congenital disorders, usually autosomal recessive,<br>characterized by severe generalized lack of ADIPOSE TISSUE,<br>extreme INSULIN RESISTANCE, and HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized",257,0.0,"D052497","C18.452.648.398.745",0,"Description: Congenital disorders, usually autosomal recessive,<br>characterized by severe generalized lack of ADIPOSE TISSUE,<br>extreme INSULIN RESISTANCE, and HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA.",""],["Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized",257,0.0,"D052497","C18.452.880.391.550",0,"Description: Congenital disorders, usually autosomal recessive,<br>characterized by severe generalized lack of ADIPOSE TISSUE,<br>extreme INSULIN RESISTANCE, and HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA.",""],["Refsum Disease, Infantile",10,0.0,"D052919","C18.452.132.100.844",0,"Description: An early onset form of phytanic acid storage disease<br>with clinical and biochemical signs different from those of<br>REFSUM DISEASE. Features include MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; OSTEOPOROSIS; and severe liver<br>damage. It can be caused by mutation in a number of genes<br>encoding proteins involving in the biogenesis or assembly of<br>PEROXISOMES.",""],["Refsum Disease, Infantile",10,0.0,"D052919","C18.452.648.189.844",0,"Description: An early onset form of phytanic acid storage disease<br>with clinical and biochemical signs different from those of<br>REFSUM DISEASE. Features include MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; OSTEOPOROSIS; and severe liver<br>damage. It can be caused by mutation in a number of genes<br>encoding proteins involving in the biogenesis or assembly of<br>PEROXISOMES.",""],["Refsum Disease, Infantile",10,0.0,"D052919","C18.452.648.663.865",0,"Description: An early onset form of phytanic acid storage disease<br>with clinical and biochemical signs different from those of<br>REFSUM DISEASE. Features include MENTAL RETARDATION;<br>SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; OSTEOPOROSIS; and severe liver<br>damage. It can be caused by mutation in a number of genes<br>encoding proteins involving in the biogenesis or assembly of<br>PEROXISOMES.",""],["Rickets, Hypophosphatemic",952,0.0,"D063730","C18.452.104.816.875",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA;<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; resulting from lack of phosphate<br>reabsorption by the kidneys and possible defects in vitamin D<br>metabolism.",""],["Rickets, Hypophosphatemic",952,0.0,"D063730","C18.452.174.845.875",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA;<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; resulting from lack of phosphate<br>reabsorption by the kidneys and possible defects in vitamin D<br>metabolism.",""],["Rickets, Hypophosphatemic",952,0.0,"D063730","C18.452.750.400.750",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA;<br>RICKETS; OSTEOMALACIA; resulting from lack of phosphate<br>reabsorption by the kidneys and possible defects in vitamin D<br>metabolism.",""],["Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency",140,0.0,"D054067","C18.452.648.798.183",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder affecting<br>DIHYDROPYRIMIDINE DEHYDROGENASE and causing familial<br>pyrimidinemia. It is characterized by thymine-uraciluria in<br>homozygous deficient patients. Even a partial deficiency in the<br>enzyme leaves individuals at risk for developing severe<br>5-FLUOROURACIL-associated toxicity.",""],["Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency",227,0.0,"D054069","C18.452.648.100.614",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid<br>oxidation, and branched chain amino acids (AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-<br>CHAIN); LYSINE; and CHOLINE catabolism, that is due to defects in<br>either subunit of ELECTRON TRANSFER FLAVOPROTEIN or its<br>dehydrogenase, electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone<br>oxidoreductase (EC 1.5.5.1).",""],["Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency",228,0.0,"D054078","C18.452.132.100.593",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in<br>the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutations cholesterol<br>biosynthesis is disrupted and MEVALONIC ACID accumulates. It is<br>characterized by a range of symptoms, including dysmorphic<br>FACIES, psychomotor retardation, CATARACT, hepatosplenomegaly,<br>CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, elevated IMMUNOGLOBULIN D, and recurrent<br>febrile crises with FEVER; LYMPHADENOPATHY; ARTHRALGIA; EDEMA;<br>and rash.",""],["Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency",228,0.0,"D054078","C18.452.648.189.593",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in<br>the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutations cholesterol<br>biosynthesis is disrupted and MEVALONIC ACID accumulates. It is<br>characterized by a range of symptoms, including dysmorphic<br>FACIES, psychomotor retardation, CATARACT, hepatosplenomegaly,<br>CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, elevated IMMUNOGLOBULIN D, and recurrent<br>febrile crises with FEVER; LYMPHADENOPATHY; ARTHRALGIA; EDEMA;<br>and rash.",""],["Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency",228,0.0,"D054078","C18.452.648.663.430",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in<br>the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutations cholesterol<br>biosynthesis is disrupted and MEVALONIC ACID accumulates. It is<br>characterized by a range of symptoms, including dysmorphic<br>FACIES, psychomotor retardation, CATARACT, hepatosplenomegaly,<br>CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, elevated IMMUNOGLOBULIN D, and recurrent<br>febrile crises with FEVER; LYMPHADENOPATHY; ARTHRALGIA; EDEMA;<br>and rash.",""],["Aspartylglucosaminuria",92,0.0,"D054880","C18.452.648.595.100",0,"Description: A recessively inherited, progressive lysosomal<br>storage disease caused by a deficiency of GLYCOSYLASPARAGINASE<br>activity. The lack of this enzyme activity results in the<br>accumulation of N-acetylglucosaminylasparagine (the linkage unit<br>of asparagine-linked glycoproteins) in LYSOSOMES.",""],["Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype",64,0.0,"D054882","C18.452.648.925.324",0,"Description: An inherited condition characterized by multiple<br>malformations of CARTILAGE and bone including CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS;<br>midface hypoplasia; radiohumeral SYNOSTOSIS; CHOANAL ATRESIA;<br>femoral bowing; neonatal fractures; and multiple joint<br>CONTRACTURES and, occasionally, urogenital, gastrointestinal or<br>cardiac defects. In utero exposure to FLUCONAZOLE, as well as<br>mutations in at least two separate genes are associated with this<br>condition - POR (encoding P450 (cytochrome) oxidoreductase<br>(NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE)) and FGFR2 (encoding<br>FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2).",""],["Propionic Acidemia",279,0.0,"D056693","C18.452.648.100.823",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>mutations in PROPIONYL-COA CARBOXYLASE genes that result in<br>dysfunction of branch chain amino acids and of the metabolism of<br>certain fatty acids. Neonatal clinical onset is characterized by<br>severe metabolic acidemia accompanied by hyperammonemia,<br>HYPERGLYCEMIA, lethargy, vomiting, HYPOTONIA; and HEPATOMEGALY.<br>Survivors of the neonatal onset propionic acidemia often show<br>developmental retardation, and intolerance to dietary proteins.<br>Late-onset form of the disease shows mild mental and/or<br>developmental retardation, sometimes without metabolic acidemia.",""],["Donohue Syndrome",72,0.0,"D056731","C18.452.394.750.654",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive syndrome of extreme insulin<br>resistance due to mutations in the binding domain of INSULIN<br>RECEPTOR. Clinical features include severe intrauterine and<br>postnatal growth restriction, characteristic dysmorphic FACIES;<br>HIRSUTISM; VIRILIZATION; multiple endocrine abnormalities, and<br>early death.",""],["Barth Syndrome",182,0.0,"D056889","C18.452.584.563.224",0,"Description: Rare congenital X-linked disorder of lipid<br>metabolism. Barth syndrome is transmitted in an X-linked<br>recessive pattern. The syndrome is characterized by muscular<br>weakness, growth retardation, DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, variable<br>NEUTROPENIA, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (type II) and decreases<br>in mitochondrial CARDIOLIPIN level. Other biochemical and<br>morphological mitochondrial abnormalities also exist.",""],["Barth Syndrome",182,0.0,"D056889","C18.452.648.398.224",0,"Description: Rare congenital X-linked disorder of lipid<br>metabolism. Barth syndrome is transmitted in an X-linked<br>recessive pattern. The syndrome is characterized by muscular<br>weakness, growth retardation, DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, variable<br>NEUTROPENIA, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (type II) and decreases<br>in mitochondrial CARDIOLIPIN level. Other biochemical and<br>morphological mitochondrial abnormalities also exist.",""],["Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration",5475,0.1,"D057174","C18.452.845.800.300",2,"Description: Heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders<br>characterized by frontal and temporal lobe atrophy associated<br>with neuronal loss, gliosis, and dementia. Patients exhibit<br>progressive changes in social, behavioral, and/or language<br>function. Multiple subtypes or forms are recognized based on<br>presence or absence of TAU PROTEIN inclusions. FTLD includes<br>three clinical syndromes: FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA, semantic<br>dementia, and PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE NONFLUENT APHASIA.",""],["Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma",134,0.0,"D058252","C18.452.584.750.487",0,"Description: A cutaneous necrobiotic disorder characterized by<br>firm, yellow plaques or nodules, often in a periorbital<br>distribution. It is often accompanied by an elevated ERYTHROCYTE<br>SEDIMENTATION RATE; LEUKOPENIA; and MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY (IgG-<br>kappa type) and systemic involvement.",""],["Pycnodysostosis",97,0.0,"D058631","C18.452.648.595.800",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by<br>delayed closing of CRANIAL SUTURES, short stature, ACRO-<br>OSTEOLYSIS of distal phalanges, dental and MAXILLOFACIAL<br>ABNORMALITIES and an increase in bone density that results in<br>frequent BONE FRACTURES. It is associated with BONE RESORPTION<br>defect due to mutations in the lysosomal cysteine protease<br>CATHEPSIN K.",""],["Dyslipidemias",68767,0.8,"D050171","C18.452.584.500",22,"Description: Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS,<br>including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid<br>profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES,<br>low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW<br>DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.",""],["Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors",39438,0.5,"D008052","C18.452.584.563",44,"Description: Errors in the metabolism of LIPIDS resulting from<br>inborn genetic MUTATIONS that are heritable.",""],["Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors",39181,0.5,"D008052","C18.452.648.398",41,"Description: Errors in the metabolism of LIPIDS resulting from<br>inborn genetic MUTATIONS that are heritable.",""],["Severe Acute Malnutrition",2302,0.0,"D000067011","C18.654.521.719",1,"Description: Acute form of MALNUTRITION which usually affects<br>children, characterized by a very low weight for height (below<br>-3z scores of the median World Health Organization standards),<br>visible severe wasting, or occurrence of nutritional EDEMA. It<br>can be a direct or indirect cause of fatality in children<br>suffering from DIARRHEA and PNEUMONIA. Do not confuse with<br>starvation, a condition in which the body is not getting enough<br>food, usually for extended periods of time.",""],["Overweight",211577,2.5,"D050177","C18.654.726.750",8,"Description: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain<br>standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined<br>as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be<br>due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight<br>does not equal \"over fat\".",""],["Lipomatosis",3297,0.0,"D008068","C18.452.584.718",4,"Description: A disorder characterized by the accumulation of<br>encapsulated or unencapsulated tumor-like fatty tissue resembling<br>LIPOMA.",""],["Diabetes Mellitus",380042,4.5,"D003920","C18.452.394.750",9,"Description: A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by<br>HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.",""],["Amyloidosis",28622,0.3,"D000686","C18.452.845.500",8,"Description: A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited,<br>degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the<br>common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of<br>AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal<br>tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs<br>and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits.",""],["Synucleinopathies",291,0.0,"D000080874","C18.452.845.650",0,"Description: Neurodegenerative disorders involving deposition of<br>abnormal ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN in dopaminergic neurons and glial cells<br>in the brain. Pathological aggregations of alpha-synuclein<br>proteins results in LEWY BODIES and Lewy neurites; melanin<br>granules in the SUBSTANTIA NIGRA and LOCUS COERULEUS; and glial<br>cytoplasmic inclusions. Synucleinopathies are associated with<br>mutation in the ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN (SNCA) gene on chromosome 4.<br>PARKINSON DISEASE; LEWY BODY DISEASE with dementia; and MULTIPLE<br>SYSTEM ATROPHY are prominent examples of synucleinopathy.",""],["Hyperferritinemia",55,0.0,"D000085583","C18.452.565.300",0,"Description: A finding of elevated serum level of FERRITIN. It is<br>often associated with IRON OVERLOAD, repeated blood transfusions,<br>malignancy, iron metabolic syndromes, virus infection, liver<br>injury or dysfunction, and renal failure. Hyperferritinemia in<br>iron metabolic syndromes (e.g., Still's diseases, and<br>HEMOPHAGOCYTIC SYNDROME) is referred to as dysmetabolic<br>hyperferritinemia.",""],["Iron Deficiencies",13262,0.2,"D000090463","C18.452.565.400",1,"Description: Deficient amounts of iron in the body as a result of<br>blood loss, diets deficient in iron, or an iron uptake or storage<br>disorder.",""],["Achlorhydria",860,0.0,"D000126","C18.452.076.087",0,"Description: A lack of HYDROCHLORIC ACID in GASTRIC JUICE despite<br>stimulation of gastric secretion.",""],["Acidosis",24718,0.3,"D000138","C18.452.076.176",5,"Description: A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or<br>depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY<br>ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up.",""],["Steroid Metabolism, Inborn Errors",7969,0.1,"D043202","C18.452.648.925",5,"Description: Errors in metabolic processing of STEROIDS resulting<br>from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in<br>utero.",""],["Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn",54471,0.6,"D020739","C18.452.132.100",61,"Description: Brain disorders resulting from inborn metabolic<br>errors, primarily from enzymatic defects which lead to substrate<br>accumulation, product reduction, or increase in toxic metabolites<br>through alternate pathways. The majority of these conditions are<br>familial, however spontaneous mutation may also occur in utero.",""],["Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn",54471,0.6,"D020739","C18.452.648.189",61,"Description: Brain disorders resulting from inborn metabolic<br>errors, primarily from enzymatic defects which lead to substrate<br>accumulation, product reduction, or increase in toxic metabolites<br>through alternate pathways. The majority of these conditions are<br>familial, however spontaneous mutation may also occur in utero.",""],["Peroxisomal Disorders",3829,0.0,"D018901","C18.452.648.663",7,"Description: A heterogeneous group of inherited metabolic<br>disorders marked by absent or dysfunctional PEROXISOMES.<br>Peroxisomal enzymatic abnormalities may be single or multiple.<br>Biosynthetic peroxisomal pathways are compromised, including the<br>ability to synthesize ether lipids and to oxidize long-chain<br>fatty acid precursors. Diseases in this category include<br>ZELLWEGER SYNDROME; INFANTILE REFSUM DISEASE; rhizomelic<br>chondrodysplasia (CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, RHIZOMELIC);<br>hyperpipecolic acidemia; neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy; and<br>ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY (X-linked). Neurologic dysfunction is a<br>prominent feature of most peroxisomal disorders.",""],["Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors",26611,0.3,"D000592","C18.452.648.100",25,"Description: Disorders affecting amino acid metabolism. The<br>majority of these disorders are inherited and present in the<br>neonatal period with metabolic disturbances (e.g., ACIDOSIS) and<br>neurologic manifestations. They are present at birth, although<br>they may not become symptomatic until later in life.",""],["Alkalosis",2850,0.0,"D000471","C18.452.076.354",1,"Description: A pathological condition that removes acid or adds<br>base to the body fluids.",""],["TDP-43 Proteinopathies",28282,0.3,"D057177","C18.452.845.800",4,"Description: Diseases characterized by the presence of abnormally<br>phosphorylated, ubiquitinated, and cleaved DNA-binding protein<br>TDP-43 in affected brain and spinal cord. Inclusions of the<br>pathologic protein in neurons and glia, without the presence of<br>AMYLOID, is the major feature of these conditions, thus making<br>these proteinopathies distinct from most other neurogenerative<br>disorders in which protein misfolding leads to brain amyloidosis.<br>Both frontotemporal lobar degeneration and AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL<br>SCLEROSIS exhibit this common method of pathogenesis and thus<br>they may represent two extremes of a continuous<br>clinicopathological spectrum of one disease.",""],["Deficiency Diseases",87807,1.0,"D003677","C18.654.521.500",32,"Description: A condition produced by dietary or metabolic<br>deficiency. The term includes all diseases caused by an<br>insufficient supply of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or<br>amino acids), vitamins, and minerals. It also includes an<br>inadequacy of calories. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Lysosomal Storage Diseases",31194,0.4,"D016464","C18.452.648.595",39,"Description: Inborn errors of metabolism characterized by defects<br>in specific lysosomal hydrolases and resulting in intracellular<br>accumulation of unmetabolized substrates.",""],["Ataxia Telangiectasia",2573,0.0,"D001260","C18.452.284.060",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder<br>characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood,<br>progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and<br>SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and<br>RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are<br>prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections,<br>lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-<br>FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes<br>a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to<br>chromosome 11 (11q22-q23).",""],["Blind Loop Syndrome",411,0.0,"D001765","C18.452.603.145",0,"Description: A malabsorption syndrome that is associated with a<br>blind loop in the upper SMALL INTESTINE that is characterized by<br>the lack of peristaltic movement, stasis of INTESTINAL CONTENTS,<br>and the overgrowth of BACTERIA. Such bacterial overgrowth<br>interferes with BILE SALTS action, FATTY ACIDS processing,<br>MICROVILLI integrity, and the ABSORPTION of nutrients such as<br>VITAMIN B12 and FOLIC ACID.",""],["Bloom Syndrome",519,0.0,"D001816","C18.452.284.100",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>telangiectatic ERYTHEMA of the face, photosensitivity, DWARFISM<br>and other abnormalities, and a predisposition toward developing<br>cancer. The Bloom syndrome gene (BLM) encodes a RecQ-like DNA<br>helicase.",""],["Calcinosis",38179,0.5,"D002114","C18.452.174.130",5,"Description: Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.",""],["Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors",31118,0.4,"D002239","C18.452.648.202",37,"Description: Dysfunctions of CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM resulting<br>from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in<br>utero.",""],["Celiac Disease",20806,0.2,"D002446","C18.452.603.250",0,"Description: A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the<br>ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and<br>barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL<br>INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL<br>ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.",""],["Cockayne Syndrome",706,0.0,"D003057","C18.452.284.250",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by multiple system<br>abnormalities including DWARFISM; PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS;<br>PREMATURE AGING; and HEARING LOSS. It is caused by mutations of a<br>number of autosomal recessive genes encoding proteins that<br>involve transcriptional-coupled DNA REPAIR processes. Cockayne<br>syndrome is classified by the severity and age of onset. Type I<br>(classical; CSA) is early childhood onset in the second year of<br>life; type II (congenital; CSB) is early onset at birth with<br>severe symptoms; type III (xeroderma pigmentosum; XP) is late<br>childhood onset with mild symptoms.",""],["Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis",4703,0.1,"D003123","C18.452.284.255",0,"Description: A group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases in<br>which COLON CANCER arises in discrete adenomas. Unlike FAMILIAL<br>POLYPOSIS COLI with hundreds of polyps, hereditary nonpolyposis<br>colorectal neoplasms occur much later, in the fourth and fifth<br>decades. HNPCC has been associated with germline mutations in<br>mismatch repair (MMR) genes. It has been subdivided into Lynch<br>syndrome I or site-specific colonic cancer, and LYNCH SYNDROME II<br>which includes extracolonic cancer.",""],["Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary",2581,0.0,"D006933","C18.452.648.300",3,"Description: Inborn errors of bilirubin metabolism resulting in<br>excessive amounts of bilirubin in the circulating blood, either<br>because of increased bilirubin production or because of delayed<br>clearance of bilirubin from the blood.",""],["Bone Demineralization, Pathologic",363,0.0,"D018488","C18.452.104.247",1,"Description: Decrease, loss, or removal of the mineral<br>constituents of bones. Temporary loss of bone mineral content is<br>especially associated with space flight, weightlessness, and<br>extended immobilization. OSTEOPOROSIS is permanent, includes<br>reduction of total bone mass, and is associated with increased<br>rate of fractures. CALCIFICATION, PHYSIOLOGIC is the process of<br>bone remineralizing. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed;<br>Nicogossian, Space Physiology and Medicine, 2d ed, pp327-33)",""],["Decalcification, Pathologic",87,0.0,"D003649","C18.452.174.289",0,"Description: The loss of calcium salts from bones and teeth.<br>Bacteria may be responsible for this occurrence in teeth. Old age<br>may be a factor contributing to calcium loss, as is the presence<br>of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.",""],["Dehydration",7371,0.1,"D003681","C18.452.950.179",0,"Description: The condition that results from excessive loss of<br>water from a living organism.",""],["Fanconi Anemia",3011,0.0,"D005199","C18.452.284.280",0,"Description: Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow<br>elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and<br>associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as<br>dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a<br>feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA.<br>There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia:<br>FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and<br>FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,<br>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August<br>20, 2004)",""],["Friedreich Ataxia",2533,0.0,"D005621","C18.452.660.300",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood<br>onset, characterized pathologically by degeneration of the<br>spinocerebellar tracts, posterior columns, and to a lesser extent<br>the corticospinal tracts. Clinical manifestations include GAIT<br>ATAXIA, pes cavus, speech impairment, lateral curvature of spine,<br>rhythmic head tremor, kyphoscoliosis, congestive heart failure<br>(secondary to a cardiomyopathy), and lower extremity weakness.<br>Most forms of this condition are associated with a mutation in a<br>gene on chromosome 9, at band q13, which codes for the<br>mitochondrial protein frataxin. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1081; N Engl J Med 1996 Oct<br>17;335(16):1169-75) The severity of Friedreich ataxia associated<br>with expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin<br>gene correlates with the number of trinucleotide repeats. (From<br>Durr et al, N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75)",""],["Glycosuria",2137,0.0,"D006029","C18.452.394.937",1,"Description: The appearance of an abnormally large amount of<br>GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It<br>can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal<br>reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA).",""],["Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors",14158,0.2,"D011686","C18.452.648.798",4,"Description: Dysfunctions in the metabolism of PURINES or<br>PYRIMIDINES resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are<br>inherited or acquired in utero.",""],["Amino Acid Transport Disorders, Inborn",582,0.0,"D020157","C18.452.648.151",2,"Description: Disorders characterized by defective transport of<br>amino acids across cell membranes. These include deficits in<br>transport across brush-border epithelial cell membranes of the<br>small intestine (MICROVILLI) and KIDNEY TUBULES; transport across<br>the basolateral membrane; and transport across the membranes of<br>intracellular organelles. (From Nippon Rinsho 1992<br>Jul;50(7):1587-92)",""],["Iron Overload",13719,0.2,"D019190","C18.452.565.500",2,"Description: An excessive accumulation of iron in the body due to<br>a greater than normal absorption of iron from the<br>gastrointestinal tract or from parenteral injection. This may<br>arise from idiopathic hemochromatosis, excessive iron intake,<br>chronic alcoholism, certain types of refractory anemia, or<br>transfusional hemosiderosis. (From Churchill's Illustrated<br>Medical Dictionary, 1989)",""],["Metal Metabolism, Inborn Errors",20870,0.2,"D008664","C18.452.648.618",11,"Description: Dysfunctions in the metabolism of metals resulting<br>from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in<br>utero.",""],["Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding",604,0.0,"D006475","C18.654.422.360",0,"Description: Hemorrhage caused by vitamin K deficiency.",""],["Hepatic Encephalopathy",8889,0.1,"D006501","C18.452.132.360",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by central nervous system<br>dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-<br>systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION<br>(frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS,<br>PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and<br>decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor<br>plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY<br>may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of<br>Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)",""],["Hypercalcemia",9243,0.1,"D006934","C18.452.174.451",0,"Description: Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.",""],["Hypercalcemia",9243,0.1,"D006934","C18.452.950.340",0,"Description: Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.",""],["Hyperglycemia",25329,0.3,"D006943","C18.452.394.952",1,"Description: Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.",""],["Hyperinsulinism",72148,0.9,"D006946","C18.452.394.968",4,"Description: A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in<br>the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism<br>varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor<br>(INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN<br>ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or<br>overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS.",""],["Hyperkalemia",4582,0.1,"D006947","C18.452.950.396",0,"Description: Abnormally high potassium concentration in the<br>blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. It is<br>characterized clinically by electrocardiographic abnormalities<br>(elevated T waves and depressed P waves, and eventually by atrial<br>asystole). In severe cases, weakness and flaccid paralysis may<br>occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hypernatremia",2088,0.0,"D006955","C18.452.950.452",0,"Description: Excessive amount of sodium in the blood. (Dorland,<br>27th ed)",""],["Hypocalcemia",6819,0.1,"D006996","C18.452.174.509",1,"Description: Reduction of the blood calcium below normal.<br>Manifestations include hyperactive deep tendon reflexes,<br>Chvostek's sign, muscle and abdominal cramps, and carpopedal<br>spasm. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hypocalcemia",4947,0.1,"D006996","C18.452.950.509",0,"Description: Reduction of the blood calcium below normal.<br>Manifestations include hyperactive deep tendon reflexes,<br>Chvostek's sign, muscle and abdominal cramps, and carpopedal<br>spasm. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hypoglycemia",21609,0.3,"D007003","C18.452.394.984",3,"Description: A syndrome of abnormally low BLOOD GLUCOSE level.<br>Clinical hypoglycemia has diverse etiologies. Severe hypoglycemia<br>eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM resulting in HUNGER; SWEATING; PARESTHESIA; impaired<br>mental function; SEIZURES; COMA; and even DEATH.",""],["Hypokalemia",5618,0.1,"D007008","C18.452.950.565",0,"Description: Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood.<br>It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the<br>gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be<br>manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from<br>weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities<br>(depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal<br>disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hyponatremia",8139,0.1,"D007010","C18.452.950.620",0,"Description: Deficiency of sodium in the blood; salt depletion.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hypophosphatemia",4383,0.1,"D017674","C18.452.750.400",4,"Description: A condition of an abnormally low level of PHOSPHATES<br>in the blood.",""],["Inappropriate ADH Syndrome",2181,0.0,"D007177","C18.452.950.626",0,"Description: A condition of HYPONATREMIA and renal salt loss<br>attributed to overexpansion of BODY FLUIDS resulting from<br>sustained release of ANTIDIURETIC HORMONES which stimulates renal<br>resorption of water. It is characterized by normal KIDNEY<br>function, high urine OSMOLALITY, low serum osmolality, and<br>neurological dysfunction. Etiologies include ADH-producing<br>neoplasms, injuries or diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS, the<br>PITUITARY GLAND, and the LUNG. This syndrome can also be drug-<br>induced.",""],["Mitochondrial Myopathies",5542,0.1,"D017240","C18.452.660.560",5,"Description: A group of muscle diseases associated with abnormal<br>mitochondria function.",""],["Kernicterus",1034,0.0,"D007647","C18.452.132.480",0,"Description: A term used pathologically to describe BILIRUBIN<br>staining of the BASAL GANGLIA; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM and<br>clinically to describe a syndrome associated with<br>HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Clinical features include athetosis, MUSCLE<br>SPASTICITY or hypotonia, impaired vertical gaze, and DEAFNESS.<br>Nonconjugated bilirubin enters the brain and acts as a<br>neurotoxin, often in association with conditions that impair the<br>BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER (e.g., SEPSIS). This condition occurs<br>primarily in neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN), but may rarely occur in<br>adults. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p613)",""],["Lactose Intolerance",2380,0.0,"D007787","C18.452.603.506",0,"Description: The condition resulting from the absence or<br>deficiency of LACTASE in the MUCOSA cells of the GASTROINTESTINAL<br>TRACT, and the inability to break down LACTOSE in milk for<br>ABSORPTION. Bacterial fermentation of the unabsorbed lactose<br>leads to symptoms that range from a mild indigestion (DYSPEPSIA)<br>to severe DIARRHEA. Lactose intolerance may be an inborn error or<br>acquired.",""],["Leigh Disease",1117,0.0,"D007888","C18.452.660.520",0,"Description: A group of metabolic disorders primarily of infancy<br>characterized by the subacute onset of psychomotor retardation,<br>hypotonia, ataxia, weakness, vision loss, eye movement<br>abnormalities, seizures, dysphagia, and lactic acidosis.<br>Pathological features include spongy degeneration of the<br>neuropile of the basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem, and spinal<br>cord. Patterns of inheritance include X-linked recessive,<br>autosomal recessive, and mitochondrial. Leigh disease has been<br>associated with mutations in genes for the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE<br>COMPLEX; CYTOCHROME-C OXIDASE; ATP synthase subunit 6; and<br>subunits of mitochondrial complex I. (From Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, p850).",""],["Lipodystrophy",4650,0.1,"D008060","C18.452.584.625",3,"Description: A collection of heterogenous conditions resulting<br>from defective LIPID METABOLISM and characterized by ADIPOSE<br>TISSUE atrophy. Often there is redistribution of body fat<br>resulting in peripheral fat wasting and central adiposity. They<br>include generalized, localized, congenital, and acquired<br>lipodystrophy.",""],["Lipodystrophy",4650,0.1,"D008060","C18.452.880.391",3,"Description: A collection of heterogenous conditions resulting<br>from defective LIPID METABOLISM and characterized by ADIPOSE<br>TISSUE atrophy. Often there is redistribution of body fat<br>resulting in peripheral fat wasting and central adiposity. They<br>include generalized, localized, congenital, and acquired<br>lipodystrophy.",""],["Whipple Disease",2203,0.0,"D008061","C18.452.603.925",0,"Description: A chronic systemic infection by a gram-positive<br>bacterium, Tropheryma whippelii, mainly affecting the SMALL<br>INTESTINE but also the JOINTS; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and the<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The disease is characterized by fat<br>deposits in the INTESTINAL MUCOSA and LYMPH NODES, malabsorption,<br>DIARRHEA with fatty stools, MALNUTRITION, and ARTHRITIS.",""],["Necrobiosis Lipoidica",729,0.0,"D009335","C18.452.880.495",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the dermal connective<br>tissue characterized by the development of erythematous papules<br>or nodules in the pretibial area. The papules form plaques<br>covered with telangiectatic vessels. More than half of the<br>affected patients have diabetes.",""],["Rickets",12104,0.1,"D012279","C18.452.104.816",4,"Description: Disorders caused by interruption of BONE<br>MINERALIZATION manifesting as OSTEOMALACIA in adults and<br>characteristic deformities in infancy and childhood due to<br>disturbances in normal BONE FORMATION. The mineralization process<br>may be interrupted by disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or<br>CALCIUM homeostasis, resulting from dietary deficiencies, or<br>acquired, or inherited metabolic, or hormonal disturbances.",""],["Rickets",12104,0.1,"D012279","C18.452.174.845",4,"Description: Disorders caused by interruption of BONE<br>MINERALIZATION manifesting as OSTEOMALACIA in adults and<br>characteristic deformities in infancy and childhood due to<br>disturbances in normal BONE FORMATION. The mineralization process<br>may be interrupted by disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or<br>CALCIUM homeostasis, resulting from dietary deficiencies, or<br>acquired, or inherited metabolic, or hormonal disturbances.",""],["Osteoporosis",51099,0.6,"D010024","C18.452.104.579",1,"Description: Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the<br>composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis<br>can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis<br>(OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile<br>osteoporosis.",""],["Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome",512,0.0,"D011038","C18.452.284.760",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive syndrome occurring<br>principally in females, characterized by the presence of<br>reticulated, atrophic, hyperpigmented, telangiectatic cutaneous<br>plaques, often accompanied by juvenile cataracts, saddle nose,<br>congenital bone defects, disturbances in the growth of HAIR;<br>NAILS; and TEETH; and HYPOGONADISM.",""],["Progeria",1447,0.0,"D011371","C18.452.648.753",0,"Description: An abnormal congenital condition, associated with<br>defects in the LAMIN TYPE A gene, which is characterized by<br>premature aging in children, where all the changes of cell<br>senescence occur. It is manifested by premature graying; hair<br>loss; hearing loss (DEAFNESS); cataracts (CATARACT); ARTHRITIS;<br>OSTEOPOROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; atrophy of subcutaneous fat;<br>skeletal hypoplasia; elevated urinary HYALURONIC ACID; and<br>accelerated ATHEROSCLEROSIS. Many affected individuals develop<br>malignant tumors, especially SARCOMA.",""],["Pseudohypoparathyroidism",1610,0.0,"D011547","C18.452.104.709",1,"Description: A hereditary syndrome clinically similar to<br>HYPOPARATHYROIDISM. It is characterized by HYPOCALCEMIA;<br>HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA; and associated skeletal development impairment<br>and caused by failure of response to PARATHYROID HORMONE rather<br>than deficiencies. A severe form with resistance to multiple<br>hormones is referred to as Type 1a and is associated with<br>maternal mutant allele of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G<br>PROTEIN.",""],["Pseudohypoparathyroidism",1610,0.0,"D011547","C18.452.174.766",1,"Description: A hereditary syndrome clinically similar to<br>HYPOPARATHYROIDISM. It is characterized by HYPOCALCEMIA;<br>HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA; and associated skeletal development impairment<br>and caused by failure of response to PARATHYROID HORMONE rather<br>than deficiencies. A severe form with resistance to multiple<br>hormones is referred to as Type 1a and is associated with<br>maternal mutant allele of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G<br>PROTEIN.",""],["Reye Syndrome",1438,0.0,"D012202","C18.452.132.780",0,"Description: A form of encephalopathy with fatty infiltration of<br>the LIVER, characterized by brain EDEMA and VOMITING that may<br>rapidly progress to SEIZURES; COMA; and DEATH. It is caused by a<br>generalized loss of mitochondrial function leading to<br>disturbances in fatty acid and CARNITINE metabolism.",""],["Sprue, Tropical",1304,0.0,"D013182","C18.452.603.850",0,"Description: A chronic malabsorption syndrome, occurring mainly<br>in residents of or visitors to the tropics or subtropics. The<br>failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION of nutrients from the SMALL<br>INTESTINE results in MALNUTRITION and ANEMIA that is due to FOLIC<br>ACID deficiency.",""],["Starvation",5593,0.1,"D013217","C18.654.521.750",0,"Description: Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food.<br>(Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Water Intoxication",971,0.0,"D014869","C18.452.950.932",0,"Description: A condition resulting from the excessive retention<br>of water with sodium depletion.",""],["Werner Syndrome",1214,0.0,"D014898","C18.452.284.960",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder that causes<br>premature aging in adults, characterized by sclerodermal skin<br>changes, cataracts, subcutaneous calcification, muscular atrophy,<br>a tendency to diabetes mellitus, aged appearance of the face,<br>baldness, and a high incidence of neoplastic disease.",""],["Wernicke Encephalopathy",1647,0.0,"D014899","C18.452.132.960",0,"Description: An acute neurological disorder characterized by the<br>triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and disturbances of mental<br>activity or consciousness. Eye movement abnormalities include<br>nystagmus, external rectus palsies, and reduced conjugate gaze.<br>THIAMINE DEFICIENCY and chronic ALCOHOLISM are associated<br>conditions. Pathologic features include periventricular petechial<br>hemorrhages and neuropil breakdown in the diencephalon and<br>brainstem. Chronic thiamine deficiency may lead to KORSAKOFF<br>SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1139-42; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed,<br>pp452-3)",""],["Xanthomatosis",4849,0.1,"D014973","C18.452.584.750",2,"Description: A condition marked by the development of widespread<br>xanthomas, yellow tumor-like structures filled with lipid<br>deposits. Xanthomas can be found in a variety of tissues<br>including the SKIN; TENDONS; joints of KNEES and ELBOWS.<br>Xanthomatosis is associated with disturbance of LIPID METABOLISM<br>and formation of FOAM CELLS.",""],["Xeroderma Pigmentosum",2629,0.0,"D014983","C18.452.284.975",0,"Description: A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive<br>disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to<br>ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that<br>permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA.",""],["Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease",99,0.0,"D015324","C18.452.660.705",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by<br>absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activity, the enzyme<br>that regulates gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and neurotransmitter<br>synthesis. Clinical manifestations include lactic acidosis,<br>seizures, respiratory distress, marked psychomotor delay,<br>periodic HYPOGLYCEMIA, and hypotonia. The clinical course may be<br>similar to LEIGH DISEASE. (From Am J Hum Genet 1998<br>Jun;62(6):1312-9)",""],["Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease",340,0.0,"D015325","C18.452.660.710",0,"Description: An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient<br>enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX, resulting<br>in deficiency of acetyl CoA and reduced synthesis of<br>acetylcholine. Two clinical forms are recognized: neonatal and<br>juvenile. The neonatal form is a relatively common cause of<br>lactic acidosis in the first weeks of life and may also feature<br>an erythematous rash. The juvenile form presents with lactic<br>acidosis, alopecia, intermittent ATAXIA; SEIZURES; and an<br>erythematous rash. (From J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(4):452-62)<br>Autosomal recessive and X-linked forms are caused by mutations in<br>the genes for the three different enzyme components of this<br>multisubunit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. One of the mutations<br>at Xp22.2-p22.1 in the gene for the E1 alpha component of the<br>complex leads to LEIGH DISEASE.",""],["Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors",592,0.0,"D015499","C18.452.648.893",0,"Description: Genetic defects in the selective or non-selective<br>transport functions of the KIDNEY TUBULES.",""],["Severe Combined Immunodeficiency",3809,0.0,"D016511","C18.452.284.800",0,"Description: Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by<br>impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity,<br>leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. It is inherited as<br>an X-linked or autosomal recessive defect. Mutations occurring in<br>many different genes cause human Severe Combined Immunodeficiency<br>(SCID).",""],["Li-Fraumeni Syndrome",676,0.0,"D016864","C18.452.284.520",0,"Description: Rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by<br>mesenchymal and epithelial neoplasms at multiple sites. MUTATION<br>of the p53 tumor suppressor gene, a component of the DNA DAMAGE<br>response pathway, apparently predisposes family members who<br>inherit it to develop certain cancers. The spectrum of cancers in<br>the syndrome was shown to include, in addition to BREAST CANCER<br>and soft tissue sarcomas (SARCOMA); BRAIN TUMORS; OSTEOSARCOMA;<br>LEUKEMIA; and ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA.",""],["Porphyria, Erythropoietic",387,0.0,"D017092","C18.452.811.250",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive porphyria that is due to a<br>deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN III SYNTHASE in the BONE MARROW;<br>also known as congenital erythropoietic porphyria. This disease<br>is characterized by SPLENOMEGALY; ANEMIA; photosensitivity;<br>cutaneous lesions; accumulation of hydroxymethylbilane; and<br>increased excretion of UROPORPHYRINS and COPROPORPHYRINS.",""],["Porphyrias, Hepatic",3410,0.0,"D017094","C18.452.811.400",6,"Description: A group of metabolic diseases due to deficiency of<br>one of a number of LIVER enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of<br>HEME. They are characterized by the accumulation and increased<br>excretion of PORPHYRINS or its precursors. Clinical features<br>include neurological symptoms (PORPHYRIA, ACUTE INTERMITTENT),<br>cutaneous lesions due to photosensitivity (PORPHYRIA CUTANEA<br>TARDA), or both (HEREDITARY COPROPORPHYRIA). Hepatic porphyrias<br>can be hereditary or acquired as a result of toxicity to the<br>hepatic tissues.",""],["Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies",1069,0.0,"D017237","C18.452.132.540",0,"Description: A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by<br>alterations of mitochondrial metabolism that result in muscle and<br>nervous system dysfunction. These are often multisystemic and<br>vary considerably in age at onset (usually in the first or second<br>decade of life), distribution of affected muscles, severity, and<br>course. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp984-5)",""],["Myelinolysis, Central Pontine",735,0.0,"D017590","C18.452.132.560",0,"Description: A demyelinating condition affecting the PONS and<br>characterized clinically by an acute progressive QUADRIPLEGIA;<br>DYSARTHRIA; DYSPHAGIA; and alterations of consciousness.<br>Pathologic features include prominent demyelination in the<br>central PONS with sparing of axons and neurons. This condition is<br>usually associated with systemic disorders such as HYPONATREMIA;<br>chronic ALCOHOLISM; LIVER FAILURE; severe BURNS; malignant<br>NEOPLASMS; hemorrhagic PANCREATITIS; HEMODIALYSIS; and SEPSIS.<br>The rapid medical correction of hyponatremia has been cited as a<br>cause of this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp1125-6)",""],["HIV Wasting Syndrome",436,0.0,"D019247","C18.452.915.520",0,"Description: Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent<br>associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic<br>diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a<br>defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is<br>major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A<br>variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to<br>this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,<br>13th ed, p1611).",""],["HIV Wasting Syndrome",436,0.0,"D019247","C18.654.940.520",0,"Description: Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent<br>associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic<br>diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a<br>defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is<br>major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A<br>variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to<br>this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,<br>13th ed, p1611).",""],["Hyperhomocysteinemia",3924,0.0,"D020138","C18.452.603.378",0,"Description: Condition in which the plasma levels of homocysteine<br>and related metabolites are elevated (>13.9 \u03bcmol/l).<br>Hyperhomocysteinemia can be familial or acquired. Development of<br>the acquired hyperhomocysteinemia is mostly associated with<br>vitamins B and/or folate deficiency (e.g., PERNICIOUS ANEMIA,<br>vitamin malabsorption). Familial hyperhomocysteinemia often<br>results in a more severe elevation of total homocysteine and<br>excretion into the urine, resulting in HOMOCYSTINURIA.<br>Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular and<br>neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporotic fractures and<br>complications during pregnancy.",""],["Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease",116,0.0,"D020165","C18.452.660.097",0,"Description: A urea cycle disorder manifesting in infancy as<br>lethargy, emesis, seizures, alterations of muscle tone, abnormal<br>eye movements, and an elevation of serum ammonia. The disorder is<br>caused by a reduction in the activity of hepatic mitochondrial<br>CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (AMMONIA). (Menkes, Textbook of<br>Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp50-1)",""],["Amyloidosis, Familial",2896,0.0,"D028226","C18.452.648.176",2,"Description: Diseases in which there is a familial pattern of<br>AMYLOIDOSIS.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant",336,0.0,"D029241","C18.452.660.665",0,"Description: Dominant optic atrophy is a hereditary optic<br>neuropathy causing decreased visual acuity, color vision<br>deficits, a centrocecal scotoma, and optic nerve pallor (Hum.<br>Genet. 1998; 102: 79-86). Mutations leading to this condition<br>have been mapped to the OPA1 gene at chromosome 3q28-q29. OPA1<br>codes for a dynamin-related GTPase that localizes to<br>mitochondria.",""],["Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber",1206,0.0,"D029242","C18.452.660.670",0,"Description: A maternally linked genetic disorder that presents<br>in mid-life as acute or subacute central vision loss leading to<br>central scotoma and blindness. The disease has been associated<br>with missense mutations in the mtDNA, in genes for Complex I,<br>III, and IV polypeptides, that can act autonomously or in<br>association with each other to cause the disease. (from Online<br>Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/,<br>MIM#535000 (April 17, 2001))",""],["Cytochrome-c Oxidase Deficiency",450,0.0,"D030401","C18.452.660.195",0,"Description: A disease that results from a congenital defect in<br>ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV. Defects in ELECTRON TRANSPORT<br>COMPLEX IV can be caused by mutations in the SURF1, SCO2, COX10,<br>or SCO1 genes. ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV deficiency caused by<br>mutation in SURF1 manifests itself as LEIGH DISEASE; that caused<br>by mutation in SCO2 as fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy;<br>that caused by mutation in COX10 as tubulopathy and<br>leukodystrophy; and that caused by mutation in SCO1 as early-<br>onset hepatic failure and neurologic disorder. (from Online<br>Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim,<br>MIM#220110, May 17, 2001)",""],["Steatorrhea",599,0.0,"D045602","C18.452.603.887",0,"Description: A condition that is characterized by chronic fatty<br>DIARRHEA, a result of abnormal DIGESTION and/or INTESTINAL<br>ABSORPTION of FATS.",""],["Fetal Nutrition Disorders",234,0.0,"D048070","C18.654.521.625",0,"Description: Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either<br>overnutrition or undernutrition, in the FETUS in utero.",""],["Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome",131,0.0,"D049932","C18.452.284.600",0,"Description: A chromosome instability syndrome resulting from a<br>defective response to DNA double-strand breaks. In addition to<br>characteristic FACIES and MICROCEPHALY, patients have a range of<br>findings including RADIOSENSITIVITY, immunodeficiency, increased<br>cancer risk, and growth retardation. Causative mutations occur in<br>the NBS1 gene, located on human chromosome 8q21. NBS1 codes for<br>nibrin, the key regulator protein of the R/M/N (RAD50/MRE11/NBS1)<br>protein complex which senses and mediates cellular response to<br>DNA DAMAGE caused by IONIZING RADIATION.",""],["Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency",227,0.0,"D054069","C18.452.660.612",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid<br>oxidation, and branched chain amino acids (AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-<br>CHAIN); LYSINE; and CHOLINE catabolism, that is due to defects in<br>either subunit of ELECTRON TRANSFER FLAVOPROTEIN or its<br>dehydrogenase, electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone<br>oxidoreductase (EC 1.5.5.1).",""],["Hyperphosphatemia",1150,0.0,"D054559","C18.452.750.199",0,"Description: A condition of abnormally high level of PHOSPHATES<br>in the blood, usually significantly above the normal range of<br>0.84-1.58 mmol per liter of serum.",""],["Refeeding Syndrome",326,0.0,"D055677","C18.654.521.687",0,"Description: A condition of metabolic imbalance that is caused by<br>complications of initially feeding a severely malnourished<br>patient too aggressively. Usually occurring within the first 5<br>days of refeeding, this syndrome is characterized by WATER-<br>ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS;<br>and DIARRHEA.",""],["Collagenous Sprue",27,0.0,"D064068","C18.452.603.314",0,"Description: A malabsorption syndrome characterized by<br>collagenous mucosal lesions of the SMALL INTESTINE, atrophy of<br>MICROVILLI, severe malabsorption, diarrhea, and MALNUTRITION<br>often refractory to a gluten-free diet.",""],["Lipid Metabolism Disorders",121598,1.4,"D052439","C18.452.584",80,"Description: Pathological conditions resulting from abnormal<br>anabolism or catabolism of lipids in the body.",""],["Metabolism, Inborn Errors",246181,2.9,"D008661","C18.452.648",251,"Description: Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn<br>genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero.",""],["Malnutrition",110820,1.3,"D044342","C18.654.521",38,"Description: An imbalanced nutritional status resulting from<br>insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological<br>requirement.",""],["Overnutrition",212035,2.5,"D044343","C18.654.726",9,"Description: An imbalanced NUTRITIONAL STATUS resulting from<br>excessive intake of nutrients. Generally, overnutrition generates<br>an energy imbalance between food consumption and energy<br>expenditure leading to disorders such as OBESITY.",""],["Glucose Metabolism Disorders",502006,5.9,"D044882","C18.452.394",23,"Description: Pathological conditions in which the BLOOD GLUCOSE<br>cannot be maintained within the normal range, such as in<br>HYPOGLYCEMIA and HYPERGLYCEMIA. Etiology of these disorders<br>varies. Plasma glucose concentration is critical to survival for<br>it is the predominant fuel for the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.",""],["Proteostasis Deficiencies",57741,0.7,"D057165","C18.452.845",15,"Description: Disorders caused by imbalances in the PROTEIN<br>HOMEOSTASIS network - synthesis, folding, and transport of<br>proteins; post-translational modifications; and degradation or<br>clearance of misfolded proteins.",""],["Iron Metabolism Disorders",28121,0.3,"D019189","C18.452.565",6,"Description: Disorders in the processing of iron in the body: its<br>absorption, transport, storage, and utilization. (From Mosby's<br>Medical, Nursing, & Allied Health Dictionary, 4th ed)",""],["Acid-Base Imbalance",30211,0.4,"D000137","C18.452.076",9,"Description: Disturbances in the ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIUM of the<br>body.",""],["Brain Diseases, Metabolic",71270,0.8,"D001928","C18.452.132",68,"Description: Acquired or inborn metabolic diseases that produce<br>brain dysfunction or damage. These include primary (i.e.,<br>disorders intrinsic to the brain) and secondary (i.e.,<br>extracranial) metabolic conditions that adversely affect cerebral<br>function.",""],["DNA Repair-Deficiency Disorders",20654,0.2,"D049914","C18.452.284",11,"Description: Disorders resulting from defective DNA REPAIR<br>processes or the associated cellular responses to DNA DAMAGE.",""],["Malabsorption Syndromes",37039,0.4,"D008286","C18.452.603",8,"Description: General term for a group of MALNUTRITION syndromes<br>caused by failure of normal INTESTINAL ABSORPTION of nutrients.",""],["Bone Diseases, Metabolic",71499,0.8,"D001851","C18.452.104",11,"Description: Diseases that affect the METABOLIC PROCESSES of BONE<br>TISSUE.",""],["Calcium Metabolism Disorders",69205,0.8,"D002128","C18.452.174",17,"Description: Disorders in the processing of calcium in the body:<br>its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization.",""],["Water-Electrolyte Imbalance",48662,0.6,"D014883","C18.452.950",9,"Description: Disturbances in the body's WATER-ELECTROLYTE<br>BALANCE.",""],["Mitochondrial Diseases",17903,0.2,"D028361","C18.452.660",15,"Description: Diseases caused by abnormal function of the<br>MITOCHONDRIA. They may be caused by mutations, acquired or<br>inherited, in mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes that code for<br>mitochondrial components. They may also be the result of acquired<br>mitochondria dysfunction due to adverse effects of drugs,<br>infections, or other environmental causes.",""],["Infant Nutrition Disorders",4439,0.1,"D007228","C18.654.422",1,"Description: Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either<br>overnutrition or undernutrition, occurring in infants ages 1<br>month to 24 months.",""],["Hypervitaminosis A",492,0.0,"D006986","C18.654.301",0,"Description: A symptom complex resulting from ingesting excessive<br>amounts of VITAMIN A.",""],["Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders",6127,0.1,"D010760","C18.452.750",6,"Description: Disorders in the processing of phosphorus in the<br>body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization.",""],["Skin Diseases, Metabolic",5469,0.1,"D012875","C18.452.880",5,"Description: Diseases of the skin associated with underlying<br>metabolic disorders.",""],["Porphyrias",10034,0.1,"D011164","C18.452.811",8,"Description: A diverse group of metabolic diseases characterized<br>by errors in the biosynthetic pathway of HEME in the LIVER, the<br>BONE MARROW, or both. They are classified by the deficiency of<br>specific enzymes, the tissue site of enzyme defect, or the<br>clinical features that include neurological (acute) or cutaneous<br>(skin lesions). Porphyrias can be hereditary or acquired as a<br>result of toxicity to the hepatic or erythropoietic marrow<br>tissues.",""],["Child Nutrition Disorders",3394,0.0,"D015362","C18.654.180",0,"Description: Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either<br>overnutrition or undernutrition, occurring in children ages 2 to<br>12 years.",""],["Wasting Syndrome",1468,0.0,"D019282","C18.452.915",1,"Description: A condition of involuntary weight loss of greater<br>then 10% of baseline body weight. It is characterized by atrophy<br>of muscles and depletion of lean body mass. Wasting is a sign of<br>MALNUTRITION as a result of inadequate dietary intake,<br>malabsorption, or hypermetabolism.",""],["Wasting Syndrome",1468,0.0,"D019282","C18.654.940",1,"Description: A condition of involuntary weight loss of greater<br>then 10% of baseline body weight. It is characterized by atrophy<br>of muscles and depletion of lean body mass. Wasting is a sign of<br>MALNUTRITION as a result of inadequate dietary intake,<br>malabsorption, or hypermetabolism.",""],["Metabolic Syndrome",33474,0.4,"D024821","C18.452.625",0,"Description: A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for<br>CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major<br>components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY;<br>atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN<br>RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic<br>(THROMBOSIS) state.",""],["Hyperlactatemia",194,0.0,"D065906","C18.452.479",0,"Description: Increase in blood LACTATE concentration often<br>associated with SEPTIC SHOCK; LUNG INJURY; SEPSIS; and DRUG<br>TOXICITY. When hyperlactatemia is associated with low body pH<br>(acidosis) it is LACTIC ACIDOSIS.",""],["Metabolic Diseases",1390856,16.5,"D008659","C18.452",562,"Description: Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal<br>metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme<br>abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to<br>disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically<br>important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed)",""],["Nutrition Disorders",344841,4.1,"D009748","C18.654",55,"Description: Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either<br>overnutrition or undernutrition.",""],["Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases",1735697,20.5,"D009750","C18",619,"Description: A collective term for nutritional disorders<br>resulting from poor absorption or nutritional imbalance, and<br>metabolic disorders resulting from defects in biosynthesis<br>(ANABOLISM) or breakdown (CATABOLISM) of endogenous substances.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Disease","Sandhoff Disease","Sandhoff Disease","Sandhoff Disease","Sandhoff Disease","Tay-Sachs Disease","Tay-Sachs Disease","Tay-Sachs Disease","Tay-Sachs Disease","Tay-Sachs Disease","Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant","Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant","Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant","Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant","Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia","Anemia, Pernicious","Beriberi","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Osteomalacia","Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder","Gangliosidoses, GM2","Gangliosidoses, GM2","Gangliosidoses, GM2","Gangliosidoses, GM2","Gangliosidoses, GM2","Wernicke Encephalopathy","Gangliosidosis, GM1","Gangliosidosis, GM1","Gangliosidosis, GM1","Gangliosidosis, GM1","Gangliosidosis, GM1","Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease","Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease","Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease","Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease","Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C","Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C","Subacute Combined Degeneration","Rickets, Hypophosphatemic","Abetalipoproteinemia","Abetalipoproteinemia","Abetalipoproteinemia","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II","Vitamin B 12 Deficiency","Fabry Disease","Fabry Disease","Fabry Disease","Fabry Disease","Fabry Disease","Thiamine Deficiency","Choline Deficiency","Folic Acid Deficiency","Gangliosidoses","Gangliosidoses","Gangliosidoses","Gangliosidoses","Gangliosidoses","Gaucher Disease","Gaucher Disease","Gaucher Disease","Gaucher Disease","Gaucher Disease","Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V","Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency","Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency","Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Sulfatidosis","Sulfatidosis","Sulfatidosis","Sulfatidosis","Sulfatidosis","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I","Niemann-Pick Diseases","Niemann-Pick Diseases","Niemann-Pick Diseases","Niemann-Pick Diseases","Niemann-Pick Diseases","Rickets","Pellagra","Riboflavin Deficiency","Scurvy","Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome","Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome","Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome","Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome","Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome","Steatitis","Tangier Disease","Tangier Disease","Tangier Disease","Wolman Disease","Wolman Disease","Hyperhomocysteinemia","Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome","Vitamin B 6 Deficiency","Hypobetalipoproteinemia, Familial, Apolipoprotein B","Farber Lipogranulomatosis","Farber Lipogranulomatosis","Farber Lipogranulomatosis","Farber Lipogranulomatosis","Farber Lipogranulomatosis","Hypertriglyceridemic Waist","Hypobetalipoproteinemias","Hypobetalipoproteinemias","Hypobetalipoproteinemias","Obesity, Metabolically Benign","Obesity, Maternal","Hyperlipoproteinemias","Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia","Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Vitamin B Deficiency","Sphingolipidoses","Sphingolipidoses","Sphingolipidoses","Sphingolipidoses","Sphingolipidoses","Ascorbic Acid Deficiency","Diabetes Mellitus, Lipoatrophic","Fructose Intolerance","Fucosidosis","Fucosidosis","Fucosidosis","Glycogen Storage Disease Type I","Glycogen Storage Disease Type II","Glycogen Storage Disease Type II","Glycogen Storage Disease Type II","Glycogen Storage Disease Type II","Glycogen Storage Disease Type III","Glycogen Storage Disease Type IV","Glycogen Storage Disease Type V","Glycogen Storage Disease Type VI","Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII","Glycogen Storage Disease Type VIII","Vitamin K Deficiency","Homocystinuria","Hypercholesterolemia","Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined","Hypertriglyceridemia","Kearns-Sayre Syndrome","Hypoalphalipoproteinemias","Hypoalphalipoproteinemias","Hypoalphalipoproteinemias","Leigh Disease","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic","Mucopolysaccharidosis I","Mucopolysaccharidosis I","alpha-Mannosidosis","alpha-Mannosidosis","Mucolipidoses","Mucolipidoses","Mucolipidoses","Mucopolysaccharidosis III","Mucopolysaccharidosis III","Mucopolysaccharidosis IV","Mucopolysaccharidosis IV","Mucopolysaccharidosis VI","Mucopolysaccharidosis VI","Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses","Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses","Obesity, Morbid","Vitamin D Deficiency","Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome","Prader-Willi Syndrome","Protein-Energy Malnutrition","Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism","Vitamin E Deficiency","Vitamin A Deficiency","Wolfram Syndrome","Arthritis, Gouty","Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease","Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease","Wolman Disease","Fructose-1,6-Diphosphatase Deficiency","Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease","Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome","Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome","Albinism, Oculocutaneous","Piebaldism","Albinism, Ocular","Mucopolysaccharidosis II","Mucopolysaccharidosis II","Mucopolysaccharidosis VII","Mucopolysaccharidosis VII","Diabetic Ketoacidosis","Phenylketonuria, Maternal","Phenylketonuria, Maternal","Phenylketonuria, Maternal","MELAS Syndrome","MERRF Syndrome","Canavan Disease","Canavan Disease","Citrullinemia","Citrullinemia","Citrullinemia","Hyperargininemia","Hyperargininemia","Hyperargininemia","Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease","Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease","Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease","Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease","Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease","Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease","Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease","Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease","Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Periodic","Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis","Metabolic Syndrome","Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial","Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial","Biotinidase Deficiency","Biotinidase Deficiency","Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency","Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency","Sialic Acid Storage Disease","Sialic Acid Storage Disease","Sialic Acid Storage Disease","Alexander Disease","Alexander Disease","beta-Mannosidosis","beta-Mannosidosis","Nesidioblastosis","Nesidioblastosis","Monckeberg Medial Calcific Sclerosis","Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets","Obesity, Abdominal","Argininosuccinic Aciduria","Argininosuccinic Aciduria","Argininosuccinic Aciduria","Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia","Frontotemporal Dementia","Pediatric Obesity","Hypolipoproteinemias","Hypolipoproteinemias","Hypolipoproteinemias","Obesity","Familial Multiple Lipomatosis","Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults","Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis","Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome","Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome","Hyperlipidemias","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II","Acidosis, Lactic","Acidosis, Renal Tubular","Acidosis, Respiratory","Adiposis Dolorosa","Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Albinism","Alkalosis, Respiratory","Alkaptonuria","Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","Avitaminosis","Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System","Lipidoses","Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System","Lipidoses","Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System","Calciphylaxis","Crigler-Najjar Syndrome","Cystinosis","Decalcification, Pathologic","Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","Fructose Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Fucosidosis","Galactosemias","Galactosemias","Galactosemias","Gilbert Disease","Glycogen Storage Disease","Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency","Glycosuria, Renal","Gout","Hartnup Disease","Hartnup Disease","Hartnup Disease","Hemochromatosis","Hemochromatosis","Hemosiderosis","Hepatolenticular Degeneration","Hepatolenticular Degeneration","Hepatolenticular Degeneration","Homocystinuria","Hyperhomocysteinemia","Homocystinuria","Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined","Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V","Hyperoxaluria, Primary","Hypophosphatasia","Hypophosphatemia, Familial","Hypophosphatemia, Familial","Insulin Coma","Insulin Resistance","Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic","Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External","Ketosis","Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome","Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome","Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome","Kwashiorkor","Lactose Intolerance","Leigh Disease","Leigh Disease","Pyruvate Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome","Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome","Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome","Mucopolysaccharidoses","Mucopolysaccharidoses","Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I","Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I","Magnesium Deficiency","Mannosidase Deficiency Diseases","Mannosidase Deficiency Diseases","Maple Syrup Urine Disease","Maple Syrup Urine Disease","Maple Syrup Urine Disease","Mucolipidoses","Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency","Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency","Nephrocalcinosis","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome","Osteomalacia","Osteomalacia","Paralyses, Familial Periodic","Phenylketonurias","Phenylketonurias","Phenylketonurias","Potassium Deficiency","Prediabetic State","Protein Deficiency","Pseudohypoparathyroidism","Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism","Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism","Refsum Disease","Refsum Disease","Refsum Disease","Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder","Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder","Swayback","Tetany","Zellweger Syndrome","Zellweger Syndrome","Zellweger Syndrome","Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease","Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease","Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal","Ichthyosis, X-Linked","Diabetes, Gestational","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy","Porphyria, Acute Intermittent","Porphyria Cutanea Tarda","Porphyria, Hepatoerythropoietic","Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies","MELAS Syndrome","MELAS Syndrome","MERRF Syndrome","MERRF Syndrome","CREST Syndrome","Amyloid Neuropathies","Glucose Intolerance","Anemia, Iron-Deficiency","Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic","Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation","Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome","Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome","Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome","Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome","Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous","Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous","Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous","Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic","Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic","Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic","Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn","Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn","Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn","Hyperlysinemias","Hyperlysinemias","Hyperlysinemias","Tyrosinemias","Tyrosinemias","Tyrosinemias","Acatalasia","Amyloidosis, Familial","Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial","Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial","HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome","HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome","Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome, Apparent","Congenital Hyperinsulinism","Congenital Hyperinsulinism","Coproporphyria, Hereditary","Porphyria, Variegate","Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic","Vascular Calcification","Hypobetalipoproteinemia, Familial, Apolipoprotein B","Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial","Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial","Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial","Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized","Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized","Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized","Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized","Refsum Disease, Infantile","Refsum Disease, Infantile","Refsum Disease, Infantile","Rickets, Hypophosphatemic","Rickets, Hypophosphatemic","Rickets, Hypophosphatemic","Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency","Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency","Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency","Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency","Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency","Aspartylglucosaminuria","Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype","Propionic Acidemia","Donohue Syndrome","Barth Syndrome","Barth Syndrome","Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration","Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma","Pycnodysostosis","Dyslipidemias","Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Severe Acute Malnutrition","Overweight","Lipomatosis","Diabetes Mellitus","Amyloidosis","Synucleinopathies","Hyperferritinemia","Iron Deficiencies","Achlorhydria","Acidosis","Steroid Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn","Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn","Peroxisomal Disorders","Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Alkalosis","TDP-43 Proteinopathies","Deficiency Diseases","Lysosomal Storage Diseases","Ataxia Telangiectasia","Blind Loop Syndrome","Bloom Syndrome","Calcinosis","Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Celiac Disease","Cockayne Syndrome","Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis","Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary","Bone Demineralization, Pathologic","Decalcification, Pathologic","Dehydration","Fanconi Anemia","Friedreich Ataxia","Glycosuria","Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Amino Acid Transport Disorders, Inborn","Iron Overload","Metal Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding","Hepatic Encephalopathy","Hypercalcemia","Hypercalcemia","Hyperglycemia","Hyperinsulinism","Hyperkalemia","Hypernatremia","Hypocalcemia","Hypocalcemia","Hypoglycemia","Hypokalemia","Hyponatremia","Hypophosphatemia","Inappropriate ADH Syndrome","Mitochondrial Myopathies","Kernicterus","Lactose Intolerance","Leigh Disease","Lipodystrophy","Lipodystrophy","Whipple Disease","Necrobiosis Lipoidica","Rickets","Rickets","Osteoporosis","Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome","Progeria","Pseudohypoparathyroidism","Pseudohypoparathyroidism","Reye Syndrome","Sprue, Tropical","Starvation","Water Intoxication","Werner Syndrome","Wernicke Encephalopathy","Xanthomatosis","Xeroderma Pigmentosum","Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease","Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease","Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors","Severe Combined Immunodeficiency","Li-Fraumeni Syndrome","Porphyria, Erythropoietic","Porphyrias, Hepatic","Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies","Myelinolysis, Central Pontine","HIV Wasting Syndrome","HIV Wasting Syndrome","Hyperhomocysteinemia","Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease","Amyloidosis, Familial","Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant","Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber","Cytochrome-c Oxidase Deficiency","Steatorrhea","Fetal Nutrition Disorders","Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome","Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency","Hyperphosphatemia","Refeeding Syndrome","Collagenous Sprue","Lipid Metabolism Disorders","Metabolism, Inborn Errors","Malnutrition","Overnutrition","Glucose Metabolism Disorders","Proteostasis Deficiencies","Iron Metabolism Disorders","Acid-Base Imbalance","Brain Diseases, Metabolic","DNA Repair-Deficiency Disorders","Malabsorption Syndromes","Bone Diseases, Metabolic","Calcium Metabolism Disorders","Water-Electrolyte Imbalance","Mitochondrial Diseases","Infant Nutrition Disorders","Hypervitaminosis A","Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders","Skin Diseases, Metabolic","Porphyrias","Child Nutrition Disorders","Wasting Syndrome","Wasting Syndrome","Metabolic Syndrome","Hyperlactatemia","Metabolic Diseases","Nutrition Disorders","Nutritional and Metabolic 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Cell Tumor",1599,0.0,"D007984","C19.391.829.782.500.249",0,"Description: Gonadal interstitial or stromal cell neoplasm<br>composed of only LEYDIG CELLS. These tumors may produce one or<br>more of the steroid hormones such as ANDROGENS; ESTROGENS; and<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS. Clinical symptoms include testicular swelling,<br>GYNECOMASTIA, sexual precocity in children, or virilization<br>(VIRILISM) in females.",""],["Sertoli Cell Tumor",687,0.0,"D012707","C19.391.829.782.500.500",0,"Description: Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS<br>or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli<br>cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in<br>sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as<br>FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C19.391.119.096.687.500",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Gonadoblastoma",244,0.0,"D018238","C19.391.119.309.388.500",0,"Description: A complex neoplasm composed of a mixture of gonadal<br>elements, such as large primordial GERM CELLS, immature SERTOLI<br>CELLS or GRANULOSA CELLS of the sex cord, and gonadal stromal<br>cells. Gonadoblastomas are most often associated with gonadal<br>dysgenesis, 46, XY.",""],["Hypoadrenocorticism, Familial",26,0.0,"D000075262","C19.053.500.263.500",0,"Description: Hereditary forms of Addison disease that may exhibit<br>autosomal recessive or X-linked inheritance. They are<br>characterized by severe neurological symptoms, APNEA; and death<br>in infancy. OMIM: 240200",""],["Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial",2303,0.0,"D000077216","C19.391.630.705.350",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the<br>surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of<br>ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary<br>serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional<br>cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1,<br>RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital",6855,0.1,"D000312","C19.391.119.090.500",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL<br>GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol<br>(HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of<br>precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance,<br>congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting,<br>hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID<br>21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-<br>HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase<br>(3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-<br>REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among<br>others, underlie these disorders.",""],["Bartter Syndrome",1394,0.0,"D001477","C19.053.800.604.249",0,"Description: A group of disorders caused by defective salt<br>reabsorption in the ascending LOOP OF HENLE. It is characterized<br>by severe salt-wasting, HYPOKALEMIA; HYPERCALCIURIA; metabolic<br>ALKALOSIS, and hyper-reninemic HYPERALDOSTERONISM without<br>HYPERTENSION. There are several subtypes including ones due to<br>mutations in the renal specific SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE<br>SYMPORTERS.",""],["Brenner Tumor",583,0.0,"D001948","C19.391.630.705.265",0,"Description: A smooth, solid or cystic fibroepithelial<br>(FIBROEPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS) tumor, usually found in the OVARIES<br>but can also be found in the adnexal region and the KIDNEYS. It<br>consists of a fibrous stroma with nests of epithelial cells that<br>sometimes resemble the transitional cells lining the urinary<br>bladder. Brenner tumors generally are benign and asymptomatic.<br>Malignant Brenner tumors have been reported.",""],["Diabetic Retinopathy",23503,0.5,"D003930","C19.246.099.500.382",0,"Description: Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES<br>MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular<br>complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and<br>intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.",""],["Vipoma",340,0.0,"D003969","C19.344.421.500.750",0,"Description: A tumor that secretes VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE,<br>a neuropeptide that causes VASODILATION; relaxation of smooth<br>muscles; watery DIARRHEA; HYPOKALEMIA; and HYPOCHLORHYDRIA.<br>Vipomas, derived from the pancreatic ISLET CELLS, generally are<br>malignant and can secrete other hormones. In most cases, Vipomas<br>are located in the PANCREAS but can be found in extrapancreatic<br>sites.",""],["DiGeorge Syndrome",2299,0.0,"D004062","C19.642.482.500.500",0,"Description: Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum<br>of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency,<br>HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and<br>craniofacial anomalies.",""],["Freemartinism",124,0.0,"D005611","C19.391.119.795.124",0,"Description: A condition occurring in the female offspring of<br>dizygotic twins (TWIN, DIZYGOTIC) in a mixed-sex pregnancy,<br>usually in CATTLE. Freemartinism can occur in other mammals. When<br>placental fusion between the male and the female FETUSES permits<br>the exchange of fetal cells and fetal hormones, TESTICULAR<br>HORMONES from the male fetus can androgenize the female fetus<br>producing a sterile XX/XY chimeric \"female\"(CHIMERISM).",""],["Glucagonoma",600,0.0,"D005935","C19.344.421.500.249",0,"Description: An almost always malignant GLUCAGON-secreting tumor<br>derived from the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS. It is characterized by a<br>distinctive migratory ERYTHEMA; WEIGHT LOSS; STOMATITIS;<br>GLOSSITIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; hypoaminoacidemia; and normochromic<br>normocytic ANEMIA.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C19.391.119.309.391",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed",249,0.0,"D006060","C19.391.119.795.249",0,"Description: A type of defective gonadal development in patients<br>with a wide spectrum of chromosomal mosaic variants. Their<br>karyotypes are of partial sex chromosome monosomy resulting from<br>an absence or an abnormal second sex chromosome (X or Y).<br>Karyotypes include 45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX; 46,XXp-;<br>45,X/46,XY; 45,X/47,XYY; 46,XYpi; etc. The spectrum of phenotypes<br>may range from phenotypic female to phenotypic male including<br>variations in gonads and internal and external genitalia,<br>depending on the ratio in each gonad of 45,X primordial germ<br>cells to those with normal 46,XX or 46,XY constitution.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY",1067,0.0,"D006061","C19.391.119.096.687",1,"Description: Defects in the SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS in 46, XY<br>individuals that result in abnormal gonadal development and<br>deficiencies in TESTOSTERONE and subsequently ANTIMULLERIAN<br>HORMONE or other factors required for normal male sex<br>development. This leads to the development of female phenotypes<br>(male to female sex reversal), normal to tall stature, and<br>bilateral streak or dysgenic gonads which are susceptible to<br>GONADAL TISSUE NEOPLASMS. An XY gonadal dysgenesis is associated<br>with structural abnormalities on the Y CHROMOSOME, a mutation in<br>the GENE, SRY, or a mutation in other autosomal genes that are<br>involved in sex determination.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY",1067,0.0,"D006061","C19.391.119.309.388",1,"Description: Defects in the SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS in 46, XY<br>individuals that result in abnormal gonadal development and<br>deficiencies in TESTOSTERONE and subsequently ANTIMULLERIAN<br>HORMONE or other factors required for normal male sex<br>development. This leads to the development of female phenotypes<br>(male to female sex reversal), normal to tall stature, and<br>bilateral streak or dysgenic gonads which are susceptible to<br>GONADAL TISSUE NEOPLASMS. An XY gonadal dysgenesis is associated<br>with structural abnormalities on the Y CHROMOSOME, a mutation in<br>the GENE, SRY, or a mutation in other autosomal genes that are<br>involved in sex determination.",""],["Granulosa Cell Tumor",2192,0.0,"D006106","C19.391.630.705.398",0,"Description: A neoplasm composed entirely of GRANULOSA CELLS,<br>occurring mostly in the OVARY. In the adult form, it may contain<br>some THECA CELLS. This tumor often produces ESTRADIOL and<br>INHIBIN. The excess estrogen exposure can lead to other<br>malignancies in women and PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY in girls. In rare<br>cases, granulosa cell tumors have been identified in the TESTES.",""],["Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma",775,0.0,"D006944","C19.246.099.750.490",0,"Description: A serious complication of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.<br>It is characterized by extreme HYPERGLYCEMIA; DEHYDRATION; serum<br>hyperosmolarity; and depressed consciousness leading to COMA in<br>the absence of KETOSIS and ACIDOSIS.",""],["Insulinoma",3429,0.1,"D007340","C19.344.421.249.500",0,"Description: A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS.<br>Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.",""],["Klinefelter Syndrome",3270,0.1,"D007713","C19.391.119.795.500",0,"Description: A form of male HYPOGONADISM, characterized by the<br>presence of an extra X CHROMOSOME, small TESTES, seminiferous<br>tubule dysgenesis, elevated levels of GONADOTROPINS, low serum<br>TESTOSTERONE, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, and<br>male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE). Patients tend to have long<br>legs and a slim, tall stature. GYNECOMASTIA is present in many of<br>the patients. The classic form has the karyotype 47,XXY. Several<br>karyotype variants include 48,XXYY; 48,XXXY; 49,XXXXY, and mosaic<br>patterns ( 46,XY/47,XXY; 47,XXY/48,XXXY, etc.).",""],["Leydig Cell Tumor",1599,0.0,"D007984","C19.344.762.500.249",0,"Description: Gonadal interstitial or stromal cell neoplasm<br>composed of only LEYDIG CELLS. These tumors may produce one or<br>more of the steroid hormones such as ANDROGENS; ESTROGENS; and<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS. Clinical symptoms include testicular swelling,<br>GYNECOMASTIA, sexual precocity in children, or virilization<br>(VIRILISM) in females.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",3041,0.1,"D018310","C19.391.829.782.500",2,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Meigs Syndrome",563,0.0,"D008539","C19.391.630.705.531",0,"Description: The triad of benign FIBROMA or other ovarian tumors<br>with ASCITES, and HYDROTHORAX due to large PLEURAL EFFUSIONS.",""],["Nelson Syndrome",259,0.0,"D009347","C19.344.609.145.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by HYPERPIGMENTATION,<br>enlarging pituitary mass, visual defects secondary to compression<br>of the OPTIC CHIASM, and elevated serum ACTH. It is caused by the<br>expansion of an underlying ACTH-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA that<br>grows in the absence of feedback inhibition by adrenal<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS, usually after ADRENALECTOMY.",""],["Nelson Syndrome",259,0.0,"D009347","C19.700.734.145.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by HYPERPIGMENTATION,<br>enlarging pituitary mass, visual defects secondary to compression<br>of the OPTIC CHIASM, and elevated serum ACTH. It is caused by the<br>expansion of an underlying ACTH-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA that<br>grows in the absence of feedback inhibition by adrenal<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS, usually after ADRENALECTOMY.",""],["Polycystic Ovary Syndrome",16421,0.3,"D011085","C19.391.630.580.765",0,"Description: A complex disorder characterized by infertility,<br>HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as<br>OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary<br>syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries<br>studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term,<br>polycystic ovary, is misleading.",""],["Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder",2928,0.1,"D012080","C19.642.355.480.500",0,"Description: Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development<br>due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3<br>synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative<br>feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.",""],["Sertoli Cell Tumor",687,0.0,"D012707","C19.344.762.500.500",0,"Description: Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS<br>or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli<br>cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in<br>sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as<br>FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).",""],["Somatostatinoma",264,0.0,"D013005","C19.344.421.500.500",0,"Description: A SOMATOSTATIN-secreting tumor derived from the<br>pancreatic delta cells (SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS). It is also<br>found in the INTESTINE. Somatostatinomas are associated with<br>DIABETES MELLITUS; CHOLELITHIASIS; STEATORRHEA; and<br>HYPOCHLORHYDRIA. The majority of somatostatinomas have the<br>potential for METASTASIS.",""],["Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome",1607,0.0,"D013734","C19.391.119.096.500",0,"Description: A disorder of sexual development transmitted as an<br>X-linked recessive trait. These patients have a karyotype of<br>46,XY with end-organ resistance to androgen due to mutations in<br>the androgen receptor (RECEPTORS, ANDROGEN) gene. Severity of the<br>defect in receptor quantity or quality correlates with their<br>phenotypes. In these genetic males, the phenotypic spectrum<br>ranges from those with normal female external genitalia, through<br>those with genital ambiguity as in Reifenstein Syndrome, to that<br>of a normal male with INFERTILITY.",""],["Thecoma",784,0.0,"D013798","C19.391.630.705.765",0,"Description: A gonadal stromal neoplasm composed only of THECA<br>CELLS, occurring mostly in the postmenopausal OVARY. It is filled<br>with lipid-containing spindle cells and produces ESTROGENS that<br>can lead to ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA; UTERINE HEMORRHAGE; or other<br>malignancies in postmenopausal women and sexual precocity in<br>girls. When tumors containing theca cells also contain<br>FIBROBLASTS, they are identified as thecoma-fibroma tumors with<br>less active hormone production.",""],["Thyroid Crisis",901,0.0,"D013958","C19.874.397.685.905",0,"Description: A dangerous life-threatening hypermetabolic<br>condition characterized by high FEVER and dysfunction of the<br>cardiovascular, the nervous, and the gastrointestinal systems.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.1,"D014424","C19.391.119.309.872",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Turner Syndrome",6646,0.1,"D014424","C19.391.119.795.750",0,"Description: A syndrome of defective gonadal development in<br>phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO).<br>Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated<br>GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing<br>of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased<br>ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN<br>SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner<br>Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males<br>and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an<br>autosomal dominant.",""],["Gastrinoma",772,0.0,"D015408","C19.344.421.500.124",0,"Description: A GASTRIN-secreting neuroendocrine tumor of the non-<br>beta ISLET CELLS, the GASTRIN-SECRETING CELLS. This type of tumor<br>is primarily located in the PANCREAS or the DUODENUM. Majority of<br>gastrinomas are malignant. They metastasize to the LIVER; LYMPH<br>NODES; and BONE but rarely elsewhere. The presence of gastrinoma<br>is one of three requirements to be met for identification of<br>ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME, which sometimes occurs in families<br>with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1; (MEN 1).",""],["Kallmann Syndrome",579,0.0,"D017436","C19.391.119.096.750",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by<br>hypothalamic GNRH deficiency and OLFACTORY NERVE defects. It is<br>characterized by congenital HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM and<br>ANOSMIA, possibly with additional midline defects. It can be<br>transmitted as an X-linked (GENETIC DISEASES, X-LINKED), an<br>autosomal dominant, or an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["Hyperandrogenism",1604,0.0,"D017588","C19.391.119.064.500",0,"Description: A condition caused by the excessive secretion of<br>ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES.<br>The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the<br>common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in<br>patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL<br>HYPERFUNCTION.",""],["Hyperandrogenism",1604,0.0,"D017588","C19.391.119.090.750",0,"Description: A condition caused by the excessive secretion of<br>ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES.<br>The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the<br>common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in<br>patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL<br>HYPERFUNCTION.",""],["WAGR Syndrome",105,0.0,"D017624","C19.391.119.096.875",0,"Description: A contiguous gene syndrome associated with<br>hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13. The condition is<br>marked by the combination of WILMS TUMOR; ANIRIDIA; GENITOURINARY<br>ABNORMALITIES; and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.",""],["Diabetic Foot",10873,0.2,"D017719","C19.246.099.500.191",0,"Description: Common foot problems in persons with DIABETES<br>MELLITUS, caused by any combination of factors such as DIABETIC<br>NEUROPATHIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; and INFECTION. With<br>the loss of sensation and poor circulation, injuries and<br>infections often lead to severe foot ulceration, GANGRENE and<br>AMPUTATION.",""],["Diabetic Foot",10873,0.2,"D017719","C19.246.099.937.250",0,"Description: Common foot problems in persons with DIABETES<br>MELLITUS, caused by any combination of factors such as DIABETIC<br>NEUROPATHIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; and INFECTION. With<br>the loss of sensation and poor circulation, injuries and<br>infections often lead to severe foot ulceration, GANGRENE and<br>AMPUTATION.",""],["Adrenocortical Adenoma",1237,0.0,"D018246","C19.053.098.265.500",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is<br>characterized by a well-defined nodular lesion, usually less than<br>2.5 cm. Most adrenocortical adenomas are nonfunctional. The<br>functional ones are yellow and contain LIPIDS. Depending on the<br>cell type or cortical zone involved, they may produce<br>ALDOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; and/or<br>ANDROSTENEDIONE.",""],["Adrenocortical Adenoma",1237,0.0,"D018246","C19.053.347.500.500",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is<br>characterized by a well-defined nodular lesion, usually less than<br>2.5 cm. Most adrenocortical adenomas are nonfunctional. The<br>functional ones are yellow and contain LIPIDS. Depending on the<br>cell type or cortical zone involved, they may produce<br>ALDOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; and/or<br>ANDROSTENEDIONE.",""],["Adrenocortical Adenoma",1237,0.0,"D018246","C19.344.078.265.500",0,"Description: A benign neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is<br>characterized by a well-defined nodular lesion, usually less than<br>2.5 cm. Most adrenocortical adenomas are nonfunctional. The<br>functional ones are yellow and contain LIPIDS. Depending on the<br>cell type or cortical zone involved, they may produce<br>ALDOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; and/or<br>ANDROSTENEDIONE.",""],["Adrenocortical Carcinoma",1986,0.0,"D018268","C19.053.098.265.750",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX.<br>Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic<br>(ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are<br>more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce<br>ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism<br>(CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.",""],["Adrenocortical Carcinoma",1986,0.0,"D018268","C19.053.347.500.750",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX.<br>Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic<br>(ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are<br>more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce<br>ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism<br>(CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.",""],["Adrenocortical Carcinoma",1986,0.0,"D018268","C19.344.078.265.750",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX.<br>Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic<br>(ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are<br>more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce<br>ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism<br>(CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.",""],["Carcinoma, Endometrioid",3213,0.1,"D018269","C19.391.630.705.331",0,"Description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of<br>cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a<br>common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL<br>CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this<br>form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",755,0.0,"D018310","C19.391.630.705.648",0,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Luteoma",79,0.0,"D018311","C19.391.630.705.464",0,"Description: An ovarian neoplasm composed of LUTEAL CELLS derived<br>from luteinized GRANULOSA CELLS and THECA CELLS. Luteomas respond<br>to GONADOTROPINS, and vary in their hormone production<br>(PROGESTERONE; ESTROGENS; or ANDROGENS). During PREGNANCY, a<br>transient type of luteoma may develop due to an exaggerated<br>LUTEINIZATION of the OVARY.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX",150,0.0,"D023961","C19.391.119.064.249",0,"Description: The 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis may be sporadic or<br>familial. Familial XX gonadal dysgenesis is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive trait and its locus was mapped to chromosome<br>2. Mutation in the gene for the FSH receptor (RECEPTORS, FSH) was<br>detected. Sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis is heterogeneous and has<br>been associated with trisomy-13 and trisomy-18. These phenotypic<br>females are characterized by a normal stature, sexual<br>infantilism, bilateral streak gonads, amenorrhea, elevated plasma<br>LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH concentration.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX",150,0.0,"D023961","C19.391.119.309.193",0,"Description: The 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis may be sporadic or<br>familial. Familial XX gonadal dysgenesis is transmitted as an<br>autosomal recessive trait and its locus was mapped to chromosome<br>2. Mutation in the gene for the FSH receptor (RECEPTORS, FSH) was<br>detected. Sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis is heterogeneous and has<br>been associated with trisomy-13 and trisomy-18. These phenotypic<br>females are characterized by a normal stature, sexual<br>infantilism, bilateral streak gonads, amenorrhea, elevated plasma<br>LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH concentration.",""],["Denys-Drash Syndrome",122,0.0,"D030321","C19.391.119.096.562",0,"Description: A disorder of sex development characterized by<br>UROGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; and WILMS TUMOR. It<br>is caused by a mutation in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene<br>(GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Lingual Goiter",27,0.0,"D047268","C19.874.689.500.500",0,"Description: Pathological enlargement of the LINGUAL THYROID,<br>ectopic thyroid tissue at the base of the TONGUE. It may cause<br>upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; DYSPHAGIA; or HYPOTHYROIDISM symptoms.",""],["Graves Ophthalmopathy",2850,0.1,"D049970","C19.874.283.605.500",0,"Description: An autoimmune disorder of the EYE, occurring in<br>patients with Graves disease. Subtypes include congestive<br>(inflammation of the orbital connective tissue), myopathic<br>(swelling and dysfunction of the extraocular muscles), and mixed<br>congestive-myopathic ophthalmopathy.",""],["Graves Ophthalmopathy",2850,0.1,"D049970","C19.874.397.370.500",0,"Description: An autoimmune disorder of the EYE, occurring in<br>patients with Graves disease. Subtypes include congestive<br>(inflammation of the orbital connective tissue), myopathic<br>(swelling and dysfunction of the extraocular muscles), and mixed<br>congestive-myopathic ophthalmopathy.",""],["Hashimoto Disease",3451,0.1,"D050031","C19.874.871.102.500",0,"Description: Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, characterized by the<br>presence of high serum thyroid AUTOANTIBODIES; GOITER; and<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM.",""],["Postpartum Thyroiditis",55,0.0,"D050032","C19.874.871.102.750",0,"Description: Transient autoimmune thyroiditis occurring in the<br>POSTPARTUM PERIOD. It is characterized by the presence of high<br>titers of AUTOANTIBODIES against THYROID PEROXIDASE and<br>THYROGLOBULIN. Clinical signs include the triphasic thyroid<br>hormone pattern: beginning with THYROTOXICOSIS, followed with<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM, then return to euthyroid state by 1 year<br>postpartum.",""],["Sexual Infantilism",270,0.0,"D050035","C19.391.119.309.631",0,"Description: The permanent lack of SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT in an<br>individual. This defect is usually observed at an age after<br>expected PUBERTY.",""],["Frasier Syndrome",43,0.0,"D052159","C19.391.119.096.624",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE<br>and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of<br>46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is<br>caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor<br>gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development",53,0.0,"D058531","C19.391.119.064.124",0,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals in which male<br>GONADS develop in a genetic female (female to male sex reversal).",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C19.391.630.705.431",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Autoimmune Hypophysitis",174,0.0,"D000069281","C19.700.419.500",0,"Description: Immune-mediated inflammation of the PITUITARY GLAND<br>often associated with other autoimmune diseases (e.g., HASHIMOTO<br>DISEASE; GRAVES DISEASE; and ADDISON DISEASE).",""],["Addison Disease",3977,0.1,"D000224","C19.053.500.263",1,"Description: An adrenal disease characterized by the progressive<br>destruction of the ADRENAL CORTEX, resulting in insufficient<br>production of ALDOSTERONE and HYDROCORTISONE. Clinical symptoms<br>include ANOREXIA; NAUSEA; WEIGHT LOSS; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; and<br>HYPERPIGMENTATION of the SKIN due to increase in circulating<br>levels of ACTH precursor hormone which stimulates MELANOCYTES.",""],["Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial",2303,0.0,"D000077216","C19.344.410.199",0,"Description: A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the<br>surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of<br>ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary<br>serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional<br>cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1,<br>RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Ovarian Neoplasms",94919,1.9,"D010051","C19.391.630.705",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can<br>be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the<br>tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal<br>endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.",""],["Thyroid Cancer, Papillary",2379,0.0,"D000077273","C19.344.894.400",0,"Description: An ADENOCARCINOMA that originates from follicular<br>cells of the THYROID GLAND and accounts for the majority of<br>THYROID CANCER cases. Cells exhibit enlarged, oval, or elongated<br>morphologies with clear, round, nuclei. Fusions of RET, NTRK1,<br>TPM3, and PCM1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Thyroid Cancer, Papillary",2379,0.0,"D000077273","C19.874.788.400",0,"Description: An ADENOCARCINOMA that originates from follicular<br>cells of the THYROID GLAND and accounts for the majority of<br>THYROID CANCER cases. Cells exhibit enlarged, oval, or elongated<br>morphologies with clear, round, nuclei. Fusions of RET, NTRK1,<br>TPM3, and PCM1 genes are associated with this cancer.",""],["Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms",304,0.0,"D000077779","C19.344.421.875",0,"Description: EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS with pancreatic ductal<br>differentiation that arise from the EXOCRINE PANCREAS and grow<br>mostly within the PANCREATIC DUCTS. They are characterized by the<br>presence of intraductal masses with mostly papillary growth<br>pattern. Overt production of MUCIN within the pancreatic duct is<br>associated with pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous<br>neoplasm but not intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm.",""],["Ovarian Torsion",75,0.0,"D000082843","C19.391.630.728",0,"Description: A condition that occurs when an ovary twists around<br>the ligaments that hold it in place. This twisting can cut off<br>blood flow. It usually affects only one ovary.",""],["Acromegaly",7652,0.2,"D000172","C19.700.355.179",0,"Description: A condition caused by prolonged exposure to<br>excessive HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE in adults. It is characterized by<br>bony enlargement of the FACE; lower jaw (PROGNATHISM); hands;<br>FEET; HEAD; and THORAX. The most common etiology is a GROWTH<br>HORMONE-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1992, Ch36, pp79-80)",""],["Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms",8677,0.2,"D000306","C19.053.098.265",2,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the ADRENAL CORTEX.",""],["Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms",8677,0.2,"D000306","C19.053.347.500",2,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the ADRENAL CORTEX.",""],["Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms",8677,0.2,"D000306","C19.344.078.265",2,"Description: Tumors or cancers of the ADRENAL CORTEX.",""],["Adrenogenital Syndrome",9165,0.2,"D047808","C19.391.119.090",2,"Description: Abnormal SEX DIFFERENTIATION or congenital DISORDERS<br>OF SEX DEVELOPMENT caused by abnormal levels of steroid hormones<br>expressed by the GONADS or the ADRENAL GLANDS, such as in<br>CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA and ADRENAL CORTEX NEOPLASMS. Due<br>to abnormal steroid biosynthesis, clinical features include<br>VIRILISM in females; FEMINIZATION in males; or precocious sexual<br>development in children.",""],["Adrenoleukodystrophy",1839,0.0,"D000326","C19.053.500.270",0,"Description: An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the<br>accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the<br>LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the<br>males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA;<br>NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The<br>slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy.<br>The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the<br>adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS).",""],["Anovulation",1365,0.0,"D000858","C19.391.630.050",0,"Description: Suspension or cessation of OVULATION in animals or<br>humans with follicle-containing ovaries (OVARIAN FOLLICLE).<br>Depending on the etiology, OVULATION may be induced with<br>appropriate therapy.",""],["Hyperaldosteronism",8576,0.2,"D006929","C19.053.800.604",1,"Description: A condition caused by the overproduction of<br>ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and<br>potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA.",""],["Congenital Hypothyroidism",3928,0.1,"D003409","C19.874.482.281",0,"Description: A condition in infancy or early childhood due to an<br>in-utero deficiency of THYROID HORMONES that can be caused by<br>genetic or environmental factors, such as thyroid dysgenesis or<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM in infants of mothers treated with THIOURACIL<br>during pregnancy. Endemic cretinism is the result of iodine<br>deficiency. Clinical symptoms include severe MENTAL RETARDATION,<br>impaired skeletal development, short stature, and MYXEDEMA.",""],["Cryptorchidism",7115,0.1,"D003456","C19.391.829.258",0,"Description: A developmental defect in which a TESTIS or both<br>TESTES failed to descend from high in the ABDOMEN to the bottom<br>of the SCROTUM. Testicular descent is essential to normal<br>SPERMATOGENESIS which requires temperature lower than the BODY<br>TEMPERATURE. Cryptorchidism can be subclassified by the location<br>of the maldescended testis.",""],["Cushing Syndrome",9985,0.2,"D003480","C19.053.800.367",0,"Description: A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess<br>levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from<br>endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper<br>body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS;<br>HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing<br>syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two<br>groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those<br>that are ACTH-independent.",""],["Diabetes Mellitus, Lipoatrophic",205,0.0,"D003923","C19.246.300.500",0,"Description: A type of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by<br>severe INSULIN RESISTANCE and LIPODYSTROPHY. The latter may be<br>generalized, partial, acquired, or congenital (LIPODYSTROPHY,<br>CONGENITAL GENERALIZED).",""],["Diabetic Angiopathies",47952,1.0,"D003925","C19.246.099.500",2,"Description: VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES<br>MELLITUS.",""],["Diabetic Coma",2577,0.1,"D003926","C19.246.099.750",1,"Description: A state of unconsciousness as a complication of<br>diabetes mellitus. It occurs in cases of extreme HYPERGLYCEMIA or<br>extreme HYPOGLYCEMIA as a complication of INSULIN therapy.",""],["Diabetic Nephropathies",22982,0.5,"D003928","C19.246.099.875",0,"Description: KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus<br>and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and<br>the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA,<br>from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than<br>300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and<br>END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.",""],["Diabetic Neuropathies",24112,0.5,"D003929","C19.246.099.937",1,"Description: Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders<br>that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions<br>usually result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small<br>blood vessels that supply nerves (VASA NERVORUM). Relatively<br>common conditions which may be associated with diabetic<br>neuropathy include third nerve palsy (see OCULOMOTOR NERVE<br>DISEASES); MONONEUROPATHY; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic<br>amyotrophy; a painful POLYNEUROPATHY; autonomic neuropathy; and<br>thoracoabdominal neuropathy. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1325)",""],["Carcinoma, Islet Cell",2295,0.0,"D018273","C19.344.421.500",4,"Description: A primary malignant neoplasm of the pancreatic ISLET<br>CELLS. Usually it involves the non-INSULIN-producing cell types,<br>the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and the pancreatic delta cells<br>(SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS) in GLUCAGONOMA and<br>SOMATOSTATINOMA, respectively.",""],["22q11 Deletion Syndrome",2534,0.1,"D058165","C19.642.482.500",1,"Description: Condition with a variable constellation of<br>phenotypes due to deletion polymorphisms at chromosome location<br>22q11. It encompasses several syndromes with overlapping<br>abnormalities including the DIGEORGE SYNDROME, VELOCARDIOFACIAL<br>SYNDROME, and CONOTRUNCAL AMOMALY FACE SYNDROME. In addition,<br>variable developmental problems and schizoid features are also<br>associated with this syndrome. (From BMC Med Genet. 2009 Feb<br>25;10:16) Not all deletions at 22q11 result in the 22q11deletion<br>syndrome.",""],["Dwarfism, Pituitary",1903,0.0,"D004393","C19.700.482.311",0,"Description: A form of dwarfism caused by complete or partial<br>GROWTH HORMONE deficiency, resulting from either the lack of<br>GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR from the HYPOTHALAMUS or from the<br>mutations in the growth hormone gene (GH1) in the PITUITARY<br>GLAND. It is also known as Type I pituitary dwarfism. Human<br>hypophysial dwarf is caused by a deficiency of HUMAN GROWTH<br>HORMONE during development.",""],["Eunuchism",593,0.0,"D005058","C19.391.482.293",0,"Description: The state of being a eunuch, a male without TESTES<br>or whose testes failed to develop. It is characterized by the<br>lack of mature male GERM CELLS and TESTICULAR HORMONES.",""],["Fetal Macrosomia",1872,0.0,"D005320","C19.246.099.968",0,"Description: A condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-<br>for-gestational-age FETUS. It is defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater<br>than 4,000 grams or above the 90th percentile for population and<br>sex-specific growth curves. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL<br>DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by<br>pre-existing diabetes mellitus.",""],["Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development",10530,0.2,"D058533","C19.391.119.795",4,"Description: Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development<br>associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including<br>MONOSOMY; TRISOMY; and MOSAICISM.",""],["Gigantism",1190,0.0,"D005877","C19.700.355.528",0,"Description: The condition of accelerated and excessive GROWTH in<br>children or adolescents who are exposed to excess HUMAN GROWTH<br>HORMONE before the closure of EPIPHYSES. It is usually caused by<br>somatotroph hyperplasia or a GROWTH HORMONE-SECRETING PITUITARY<br>ADENOMA. These patients are of abnormally tall stature, more than<br>3 standard deviations above normal mean height for age.",""],["Goiter, Endemic",2147,0.0,"D006043","C19.874.283.300",0,"Description: A form of IODINE deficiency disorders characterized<br>by an enlargement of the THYROID GLAND in a significantly large<br>fraction of a POPULATION GROUP. Endemic goiter is common in<br>mountainous and iodine-deficient areas of the world where the<br>DIET contains insufficient amount of iodine.",""],["Goiter, Nodular",2717,0.1,"D006044","C19.874.283.501",0,"Description: An enlarged THYROID GLAND containing multiple<br>nodules (THYROID NODULE), usually resulting from recurrent<br>thyroid HYPERPLASIA and involution over many years to produce the<br>irregular enlargement. Multinodular goiters may be nontoxic or<br>may induce THYROTOXICOSIS.",""],["Goiter, Substernal",940,0.0,"D006045","C19.874.283.601",0,"Description: An enlarged THYROID GLAND with at least 50% of the<br>gland situated behind the STERNUM. It is an unusual presentation<br>of an intrathoracic goiter. Substernal goiters frequently cause<br>compression on the TRACHEA leading to deviation, narrowing, and<br>respiratory symptoms.",""],["Gonadal Dysgenesis",9832,0.2,"D006059","C19.391.119.309",6,"Description: A number of syndromes with defective gonadal<br>developments such as streak GONADS and dysgenetic testes or<br>ovaries. The spectrum of gonadal and sexual abnormalities is<br>reflected in their varied sex chromosome (SEX CHROMOSOMES)<br>constitution as shown by the karyotypes of 45,X monosomy (TURNER<br>SYNDROME); 46,XX (GONADAL DYSGENESIS, 46XX); 46,XY (GONADAL<br>DYSGENESIS, 46,XY); and sex chromosome MOSAICISM; (GONADAL<br>DYSGENESIS, MIXED). Their phenotypes range from female, through<br>ambiguous, to male. This concept includes gonadal agenesis.",""],["Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY",4074,0.1,"D058490","C19.391.119.096",7,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals with a male<br>karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical<br>sex is atypical.",""],["Granulosa Cell Tumor",2192,0.0,"D006106","C19.344.410.398",0,"Description: A neoplasm composed entirely of GRANULOSA CELLS,<br>occurring mostly in the OVARY. In the adult form, it may contain<br>some THECA CELLS. This tumor often produces ESTRADIOL and<br>INHIBIN. The excess estrogen exposure can lead to other<br>malignancies in women and PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY in girls. In rare<br>cases, granulosa cell tumors have been identified in the TESTES.",""],["Graves Disease",15951,0.3,"D006111","C19.874.283.605",1,"Description: A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse<br>hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces<br>antibodies against the THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR.<br>These autoantibodies activate the TSH receptor, thereby<br>stimulating the THYROID GLAND and hypersecretion of THYROID<br>HORMONES. These autoantibodies can also affect the eyes (GRAVES<br>OPHTHALMOPATHY) and the skin (Graves dermopathy).",""],["Graves Disease",15951,0.3,"D006111","C19.874.397.370",1,"Description: A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse<br>hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces<br>antibodies against the THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR.<br>These autoantibodies activate the TSH receptor, thereby<br>stimulating the THYROID GLAND and hypersecretion of THYROID<br>HORMONES. These autoantibodies can also affect the eyes (GRAVES<br>OPHTHALMOPATHY) and the skin (Graves dermopathy).",""],["Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary",7359,0.1,"D006962","C19.642.355.480",1,"Description: Abnormally elevated PARATHYROID HORMONE secretion as<br>a response to HYPOCALCEMIA. It is caused by chronic KIDNEY<br>FAILURE or other abnormalities in the controls of bone and<br>mineral metabolism, leading to various BONE DISEASES, such as<br>RENAL OSTEODYSTROPHY.",""],["Hyperprolactinemia",2688,0.1,"D006966","C19.700.355.600",0,"Description: Increased levels of PROLACTIN in the BLOOD, which<br>may be associated with AMENORRHEA and GALACTORRHEA. Relatively<br>common etiologies include PROLACTINOMA, medication effect, KIDNEY<br>FAILURE, granulomatous diseases of the PITUITARY GLAND, and<br>disorders which interfere with the hypothalamic inhibition of<br>prolactin release. Ectopic (non-pituitary) production of<br>prolactin may also occur. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992,<br>Ch36, pp77-8)",""],["Hypoaldosteronism",307,0.0,"D006994","C19.053.500.480",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired condition of insufficient<br>production of ALDOSTERONE by the ADRENAL CORTEX leading to<br>diminished aldosterone-mediated synthesis of<br>Na(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE in renal tubular cells. Clinical<br>symptoms include HYPERKALEMIA, sodium-wasting, HYPOTENSION, and<br>sometimes metabolic ACIDOSIS.",""],["Adenoma, Islet Cell",7284,0.1,"D007516","C19.344.421.249",1,"Description: A benign tumor of the pancreatic ISLET CELLS.<br>Usually it involves the INSULIN-producing PANCREATIC BETA CELLS,<br>as in INSULINOMA, resulting in HYPERINSULINISM.",""],["Klinefelter Syndrome",3270,0.1,"D007713","C19.391.482.629",0,"Description: A form of male HYPOGONADISM, characterized by the<br>presence of an extra X CHROMOSOME, small TESTES, seminiferous<br>tubule dysgenesis, elevated levels of GONADOTROPINS, low serum<br>TESTOSTERONE, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, and<br>male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE). Patients tend to have long<br>legs and a slim, tall stature. GYNECOMASTIA is present in many of<br>the patients. The classic form has the karyotype 47,XXY. Several<br>karyotype variants include 48,XXYY; 48,XXXY; 49,XXXXY, and mosaic<br>patterns ( 46,XY/47,XXY; 47,XXY/48,XXXY, etc.).",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",3041,0.1,"D018310","C19.344.762.500",2,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Testicular Neoplasms",26879,0.5,"D013736","C19.391.829.782",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors<br>(GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular<br>neoplasms.",""],["Meigs Syndrome",563,0.0,"D008539","C19.344.410.531",0,"Description: The triad of benign FIBROMA or other ovarian tumors<br>with ASCITES, and HYDROTHORAX due to large PLEURAL EFFUSIONS.",""],["Myxedema",3016,0.1,"D009230","C19.874.482.638",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a dry, waxy type of<br>swelling (EDEMA) with abnormal deposits of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in<br>the SKIN and other tissues. It is caused by a deficiency of<br>THYROID HORMONES. The skin becomes puffy around the eyes and on<br>the cheeks. The face is dull and expressionless with thickened<br>nose and lips.",""],["ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma",751,0.0,"D049913","C19.344.609.145",1,"Description: A pituitary adenoma which secretes<br>ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN, leading to CUSHING DISEASE.",""],["ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma",751,0.0,"D049913","C19.700.734.145",1,"Description: A pituitary adenoma which secretes<br>ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN, leading to CUSHING DISEASE.",""],["Oophoritis",411,0.0,"D009869","C19.391.630.450",0,"Description: Inflammation of the OVARY, generally caused by an<br>ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix.",""],["Orchitis",1651,0.0,"D009920","C19.391.829.493",0,"Description: Inflammation of a TESTIS. It has many features of<br>EPIDIDYMITIS, such as swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER.<br>It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which<br>likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS and then the TESTIS through<br>either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.",""],["Ovarian Cysts",21461,0.4,"D010048","C19.391.630.580",1,"Description: General term for CYSTS and cystic diseases of the<br>OVARY.",""],["Thecoma",784,0.0,"D013798","C19.344.410.765",0,"Description: A gonadal stromal neoplasm composed only of THECA<br>CELLS, occurring mostly in the postmenopausal OVARY. It is filled<br>with lipid-containing spindle cells and produces ESTROGENS that<br>can lead to ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA; UTERINE HEMORRHAGE; or other<br>malignancies in postmenopausal women and sexual precocity in<br>girls. When tumors containing theca cells also contain<br>FIBROBLASTS, they are identified as thecoma-fibroma tumors with<br>less active hormone production.",""],["Thyrotoxicosis",4727,0.1,"D013971","C19.874.397.685",1,"Description: A hypermetabolic syndrome caused by excess THYROID<br>HORMONES which may come from endogenous or exogenous sources. The<br>endogenous source of hormone may be thyroid HYPERPLASIA; THYROID<br>NEOPLASMS; or hormone-producing extrathyroidal tissue.<br>Thyrotoxicosis is characterized by NERVOUSNESS; TACHYCARDIA;<br>FATIGUE; WEIGHT LOSS; heat intolerance; and excessive SWEATING.",""],["Thyroiditis, Autoimmune",8980,0.2,"D013967","C19.874.871.102",2,"Description: Inflammatory disease of the THYROID GLAND due to<br>autoimmune responses leading to lymphocytic infiltration of the<br>gland. It is characterized by the presence of circulating thyroid<br>antigen-specific T-CELLS and thyroid AUTOANTIBODIES. The clinical<br>signs can range from HYPOTHYROIDISM to THYROTOXICOSIS depending<br>on the type of autoimmune thyroiditis.",""],["Thyroiditis, Subacute",707,0.0,"D013968","C19.874.871.900",0,"Description: Spontaneously remitting inflammatory condition of<br>the THYROID GLAND, characterized by FEVER; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; SORE<br>THROAT; severe thyroid PAIN; and an enlarged damaged gland<br>containing GIANT CELLS. The disease frequently follows a viral<br>infection.",""],["Thyroiditis, Suppurative",317,0.0,"D013969","C19.874.871.910",0,"Description: Acute inflammatory disease of the THYROID GLAND due<br>to infections by BACTERIA; FUNGI; or other microorganisms.<br>Symptoms include tender swelling, FEVER, and often with<br>LEUKOCYTOSIS.",""],["Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome",403,0.0,"D014884","C19.053.500.740",0,"Description: A condition of HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS of the<br>ADRENAL GLAND. It is characterized by rapidly developing ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTENSION; and widespread cutaneous PURPURA.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C19.246.267.960",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Wolfram Syndrome",523,0.0,"D014929","C19.700.159.875",0,"Description: A hereditary condition characterized by multiple<br>symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also<br>known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually<br>associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations<br>in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.",""],["Prolactinoma",2364,0.0,"D015175","C19.344.609.792",0,"Description: A pituitary adenoma which secretes PROLACTIN,<br>leading to HYPERPROLACTINEMIA. Clinical manifestations include<br>AMENORRHEA; GALACTORRHEA; IMPOTENCE; HEADACHE; visual<br>disturbances; and CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA.",""],["Prolactinoma",2364,0.0,"D015175","C19.700.734.792",0,"Description: A pituitary adenoma which secretes PROLACTIN,<br>leading to HYPERPROLACTINEMIA. Clinical manifestations include<br>AMENORRHEA; GALACTORRHEA; IMPOTENCE; HEADACHE; visual<br>disturbances; and CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA.",""],["Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome",2070,0.0,"D016471","C19.391.630.642",0,"Description: A complication of OVULATION INDUCTION in infertility<br>treatment. It is graded by the severity of symptoms which include<br>OVARY enlargement, multiple OVARIAN FOLLICLES; OVARIAN CYSTS;<br>ASCITES; and generalized EDEMA. The full-blown syndrome may lead<br>to RENAL FAILURE, respiratory distress, and even DEATH. Increased<br>capillary permeability is caused by the vasoactive substances,<br>such as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS, secreted by the<br>overly-stimulated OVARIES.",""],["Thyroid Nodule",7312,0.1,"D016606","C19.344.894.800",0,"Description: A small circumscribed mass in the THYROID GLAND that<br>can be of neoplastic growth or non-neoplastic abnormality. It<br>lacks a well-defined capsule or glandular architecture. Thyroid<br>nodules are often benign but can be malignant. The growth of<br>nodules can lead to a multinodular goiter (GOITER, NODULAR).",""],["Thyroid Nodule",7312,0.1,"D016606","C19.874.788.800",0,"Description: A small circumscribed mass in the THYROID GLAND that<br>can be of neoplastic growth or non-neoplastic abnormality. It<br>lacks a well-defined capsule or glandular architecture. Thyroid<br>nodules are often benign but can be malignant. The growth of<br>nodules can lead to a multinodular goiter (GOITER, NODULAR).",""],["Primary Ovarian Insufficiency",2911,0.1,"D016649","C19.391.630.750",0,"Description: Cessation of ovarian function after MENARCHE but<br>before the age of 40, without or with OVARIAN FOLLICLE depletion.<br>It is characterized by the presence of OLIGOMENORRHEA or<br>AMENORRHEA, elevated GONADOTROPINS, and low ESTRADIOL levels. It<br>is a state of female HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM. Etiologies<br>include genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy,<br>radiation, and infections. The most commonly known genetic cause<br>is the expansion of a CGG repeat to 55 to 199 copies in the 5'<br>untranslated region in the X-linked FMR1 gene.",""],["Diabetic Ketoacidosis",5814,0.1,"D016883","C19.246.099.812",0,"Description: A life-threatening complication of diabetes<br>mellitus, primarily of TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS with severe<br>INSULIN deficiency and extreme HYPERGLYCEMIA. It is characterized<br>by KETOSIS; DEHYDRATION; and depressed consciousness leading to<br>COMA.",""],["Kallmann Syndrome",579,0.0,"D017436","C19.391.482.600",0,"Description: A genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by<br>hypothalamic GNRH deficiency and OLFACTORY NERVE defects. It is<br>characterized by congenital HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM and<br>ANOSMIA, possibly with additional midline defects. It can be<br>transmitted as an X-linked (GENETIC DISEASES, X-LINKED), an<br>autosomal dominant, or an autosomal recessive trait.",""],["46, XX Disorders of Sex Development",2484,0.0,"D058489","C19.391.119.064",3,"Description: Congenital conditions in individuals with a female<br>karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical<br>sex is atypical.",""],["Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor",755,0.0,"D018310","C19.344.410.648",0,"Description: A sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor consists of LEYDIG<br>CELLS; SERTOLI CELLS; and FIBROBLASTS in varying proportions and<br>degree of differentiation. Most such tumors produce ANDROGENS in<br>the Leydig cells, formerly known as androblastoma or<br>arrhenoblastoma. Androblastomas occur in the TESTIS or the OVARY<br>causing precocious masculinization in the males, and<br>defeminization, or virilization (VIRILISM) in the females. In<br>some cases, the Sertoli cells produce ESTROGENS.",""],["Luteoma",79,0.0,"D018311","C19.344.410.464",0,"Description: An ovarian neoplasm composed of LUTEAL CELLS derived<br>from luteinized GRANULOSA CELLS and THECA CELLS. Luteomas respond<br>to GONADOTROPINS, and vary in their hormone production<br>(PROGESTERONE; ESTROGENS; or ANDROGENS). During PREGNANCY, a<br>transient type of luteoma may develop due to an exaggerated<br>LUTEINIZATION of the OVARY.",""],["Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome",479,0.0,"D018382","C19.874.410.500",0,"Description: An inherited autosomal recessive trait,<br>characterized by peripheral resistance to THYROID HORMONES and<br>the resulting elevation in serum levels of THYROXINE and<br>TRIIODOTHYRONINE. This syndrome is caused by mutations of gene<br>THRB encoding the THYROID HORMONE RECEPTORS BETA in target cells.<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM in these patients is partly overcome by the<br>increased thyroid hormone levels.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1",1657,0.0,"D018761","C19.344.400.500",0,"Description: A form of multiple endocrine neoplasia that is<br>characterized by the combined occurrence of tumors in the<br>PARATHYROID GLANDS, the PITUITARY GLAND, and the PANCREATIC<br>ISLETS. The resulting clinical signs include HYPERPARATHYROIDISM;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA; CUSHING DISEASE; GASTRINOMA;<br>and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. This disease is due to loss-of-<br>function of the MEN1 gene, a tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR<br>SUPPRESSOR) on CHROMOSOME 11 (Locus: 11q13).",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a",1117,0.0,"D018813","C19.344.400.505",0,"Description: A form of multiple endocrine neoplasia characterized<br>by the presence of medullary carcinoma (CARCINOMA, MEDULLARY) of<br>the THYROID GLAND, and usually with the co-occurrence of<br>PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA, producing CALCITONIN and ADRENALINE,<br>respectively. Less frequently, it can occur with hyperplasia or<br>adenoma of the PARATHYROID GLANDS. This disease is due to gain-<br>of-function mutations of the MEN2 gene on CHROMOSOME 10 (Locus:<br>10q11.2), also known as the RET proto-oncogene that encodes a<br>RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE. It is an autosomal dominant<br>inherited disease.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b",445,0.0,"D018814","C19.344.400.510",0,"Description: Similar to MEN2A, it is also caused by mutations of<br>the MEN2 gene, also known as the RET proto-oncogene. Its clinical<br>symptoms include medullary carcinoma (CARCINOMA, MEDULLARY) of<br>THYROID GLAND and PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA of ADRENAL MEDULLA (50%).<br>Unlike MEN2a, MEN2b does not involve PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. It<br>can be distinguished from MEN2A by its neural abnormalities such<br>as mucosal NEUROMAS on EYELIDS; LIP; and TONGUE, and<br>ganglioneuromatosis of GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT leading to<br>MEGACOLON. It is an autosomal dominant inherited disease.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic",1286,0.0,"D020790","C19.700.159.750",0,"Description: A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder caused by a<br>deficiency of VASOPRESSINS secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS.<br>Clinical signs include the excretion of large volumes of dilute<br>URINE; HYPERNATREMIA; THIRST; and polydipsia. Etiologies include<br>HEAD TRAUMA; surgeries and diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS<br>and the PITUITARY GLAND. This disorder may also be caused by<br>mutations of genes such as ARVP encoding vasopressin and its<br>corresponding neurophysin (NEUROPHYSINS).",""],["Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal",10995,0.2,"D021441","C19.344.421.750",0,"Description: Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It<br>accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.",""],["Lingual Thyroid",229,0.0,"D046151","C19.874.689.500",1,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>rudimentary THYROID tissue at the base of the TONGUE. It is due<br>to failed embryonic development and migration of thyroid tissue<br>to its normal location. The lingual thyroid usually cannot<br>maintain adequate hormone production thereby resulting in<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM.",""],["Lingual Goiter",27,0.0,"D047268","C19.874.283.802",0,"Description: Pathological enlargement of the LINGUAL THYROID,<br>ectopic thyroid tissue at the base of the TONGUE. It may cause<br>upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; DYSPHAGIA; or HYPOTHYROIDISM symptoms.",""],["Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion",1590,0.0,"D047748","C19.700.355.800",0,"Description: A disease of the PITUITARY GLAND characterized by<br>the excess amount of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE secreted. This<br>leads to hypersecretion of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) by the<br>ADRENAL GLANDS resulting in CUSHING SYNDROME.",""],["Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma",677,0.0,"D049912","C19.344.609.292",0,"Description: A pituitary tumor that secretes GROWTH HORMONE. In<br>humans, excess HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE leads to ACROMEGALY.",""],["Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma",677,0.0,"D049912","C19.700.734.292",0,"Description: A pituitary tumor that secretes GROWTH HORMONE. In<br>humans, excess HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE leads to ACROMEGALY.",""],["Hyperparathyroidism, Primary",3923,0.1,"D049950","C19.642.355.239",0,"Description: A condition of abnormally elevated output of<br>PARATHYROID HORMONE due to parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or PARATHYROID<br>NEOPLASMS. It is characterized by the combination of<br>HYPERCALCEMIA, phosphaturia, elevated renal 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN<br>D3 synthesis, and increased BONE RESORPTION.",""],["Hyperthyroxinemia, Familial Dysalbuminemic",26,0.0,"D050010","C19.874.410.249",0,"Description: An inherited autosomal dominant trait characterized<br>by abnormally elevated levels of total serum THYROXINE; (T4) in<br>euthyroid patients with abnormal SERUM ALBUMIN that binds T4 with<br>enhanced affinity. The serum levels of free T4, free T3, and TSH<br>are normal. It is one of several T4 abnormalities produced by<br>non-thyroid disorder. This condition is due to mutations of the<br>ALB gene on CHROMOSOME 4.",""],["Sexual Infantilism",270,0.0,"D050035","C19.391.482.814",0,"Description: The permanent lack of SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT in an<br>individual. This defect is usually observed at an age after<br>expected PUBERTY.",""],["Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development",289,0.0,"D050090","C19.391.119.343",0,"Description: Conditions of sexual ambiguity in which the<br>individual possesses gonadal tissues of both sexes, tissues from<br>the OVARY and the TESTIS. There can be a testis on one side and<br>an ovary on the other (lateral), or there may be combined ovarian<br>and testicular tissue (ovotestes) on each side (bilateral). The<br>karyotype may be 46,XX; 46,XY; or a mosaic of 46,XX/46,XY. These<br>disorders have historically been called true hermaphroditism.",""],["Diabetic Cardiomyopathies",2281,0.0,"D058065","C19.246.099.625",0,"Description: Diabetes complications in which VENTRICULAR<br>REMODELING in the absence of CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS and<br>hypertension results in cardiac dysfunctions, typically LEFT<br>VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION. The changes also result in myocardial<br>hypertrophy, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, and collagen<br>deposition due to impaired glucose tolerance.",""],["Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome",383,0.0,"D061325","C19.344.410.431",0,"Description: Autosomal dominant HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROME in<br>which a mutation most often in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 is<br>associated with a significantly increased risk for breast and<br>ovarian cancers.",""],["Hypophysitis",390,0.0,"D000072659","C19.700.419",1,"Description: Inflammation of the PITUITARY GLAND.",""],["Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults",159,0.0,"D000071698","C19.246.656",0,"Description: Autoimmune diabetes in adults with slowly<br>progressive PANCREATIC BETA CELL failure and the presence of<br>circulating autoantibodies to PANCREATIC ISLETS cell antigens.",""],["Adrenal Insufficiency",11971,0.2,"D000309","C19.053.500",5,"Description: Conditions in which the production of adrenal<br>CORTICOSTEROIDS falls below the requirement of the body. Adrenal<br>insufficiency can be caused by defects in the ADRENAL GLANDS, the<br>PITUITARY GLAND, or the HYPOTHALAMUS.",""],["Ovarian Neoplasms",91123,1.8,"D010051","C19.344.410",7,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can<br>be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the<br>tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal<br>endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.",""],["Ovarian Diseases",128227,2.6,"D010049","C19.391.630",17,"Description: Pathological processes of the OVARY.",""],["Thyroid Neoplasms",62872,1.3,"D013964","C19.344.894",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.",""],["Thyroid Neoplasms",62872,1.3,"D013964","C19.874.788",2,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.",""],["Pancreatic Neoplasms",101155,2.0,"D010190","C19.344.421",9,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the<br>types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can<br>be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from<br>PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-<br>SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing<br>tumors (INSULINOMA).",""],["Hyperpituitarism",13227,0.3,"D006964","C19.700.355",4,"Description: Disease of the glandular, anterior portion of the<br>pituitary (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR) resulting in hypersecretion<br>of ADENOHYPOPHYSEAL HORMONES such as GROWTH HORMONE; PROLACTIN;<br>THYROTROPIN; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE ;<br>and ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE. Hyperpituitarism usually is<br>caused by a functional ADENOMA.",""],["Adrenal Cortex Diseases",10249,0.2,"D000303","C19.053.098",3,"Description: Pathological processes of the ADRENAL CORTEX.",""],["Adrenal Gland Neoplasms",29304,0.6,"D000310","C19.053.347",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ADRENAL GLANDS.",""],["Adrenal Gland Neoplasms",29304,0.6,"D000310","C19.344.078",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ADRENAL GLANDS.",""],["Adrenocortical Hyperfunction",20477,0.4,"D000308","C19.053.800",3,"Description: Excess production of ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES such as<br>ALDOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; and/or<br>ANDROSTENEDIONE. Hyperadrenal syndromes include CUSHING SYNDROME;<br>HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and VIRILISM.",""],["Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital",6855,0.1,"D000312","C19.053.440",0,"Description: A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL<br>GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol<br>(HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of<br>precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance,<br>congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting,<br>hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID<br>21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-<br>HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase<br>(3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-<br>REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among<br>others, underlie these disorders.",""],["Disorders of Sex Development",44266,0.9,"D012734","C19.391.119",28,"Description: In gonochoristic organisms, congenital conditions in<br>which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is<br>atypical. Effects from exposure to abnormal levels of GONADAL<br>HORMONES in the maternal environment, or disruption of the<br>function of those hormones by ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS are included.",""],["Congenital Hypothyroidism",3928,0.1,"D003409","C19.297.155",0,"Description: A condition in infancy or early childhood due to an<br>in-utero deficiency of THYROID HORMONES that can be caused by<br>genetic or environmental factors, such as thyroid dysgenesis or<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM in infants of mothers treated with THIOURACIL<br>during pregnancy. Endemic cretinism is the result of iodine<br>deficiency. Clinical symptoms include severe MENTAL RETARDATION,<br>impaired skeletal development, short stature, and MYXEDEMA.",""],["Hypothyroidism",27710,0.6,"D007037","C19.874.482",2,"Description: A syndrome that results from abnormally low<br>secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to<br>a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form,<br>there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and<br>EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA. It may be primary or secondary due to<br>other pituitary disease, or hypothalamic dysfunction.",""],["Testicular Diseases",39809,0.8,"D013733","C19.391.829",6,"Description: Pathological processes of the TESTIS.",""],["Diabetes Insipidus",6561,0.1,"D003919","C19.700.159",2,"Description: A disease that is characterized by frequent<br>urination, excretion of large amounts of dilute URINE, and<br>excessive THIRST. Etiologies of diabetes insipidus include<br>deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (also known as ADH or<br>VASOPRESSIN) secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS, impaired KIDNEY<br>response to ADH, and impaired hypothalamic regulation of thirst.",""],["Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental",39637,0.8,"D003921","C19.246.240",0,"Description: Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by<br>administration of various diabetogenic agents or by<br>PANCREATECTOMY.",""],["Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1",76440,1.5,"D003922","C19.246.267",1,"Description: A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized<br>by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of<br>severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS,<br>and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at<br>any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.",""],["Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2",145722,2.9,"D003924","C19.246.300",1,"Description: A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-<br>responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by<br>INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by<br>GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II<br>diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively<br>found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often<br>exhibit OBESITY.",""],["Diabetes Complications",131843,2.6,"D048909","C19.246.099",11,"Description: Conditions or pathological processes associated with<br>the disease of diabetes mellitus. Due to the impaired control of<br>BLOOD GLUCOSE level in diabetic patients, pathological processes<br>develop in numerous tissues and organs including the EYE, the<br>KIDNEY, the BLOOD VESSELS, and the NERVE TISSUE.",""],["Hypoparathyroidism",6244,0.1,"D007011","C19.642.482",2,"Description: A condition caused by a deficiency of PARATHYROID<br>HORMONE (or PTH). It is characterized by HYPOCALCEMIA and<br>hyperphosphatemia. Hypocalcemia leads to TETANY. The acquired<br>form is due to removal or injuries to the PARATHYROID GLANDS. The<br>congenital form is due to mutations of genes, such as TBX1; (see<br>DIGEORGE SYNDROME); CASR encoding CALCIUM-SENSING RECEPTOR; or<br>PTH encoding parathyroid hormone.",""],["Dwarfism, Pituitary",1903,0.0,"D004393","C19.297.312",0,"Description: A form of dwarfism caused by complete or partial<br>GROWTH HORMONE deficiency, resulting from either the lack of<br>GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR from the HYPOTHALAMUS or from the<br>mutations in the growth hormone gene (GH1) in the PITUITARY<br>GLAND. It is also known as Type I pituitary dwarfism. Human<br>hypophysial dwarf is caused by a deficiency of HUMAN GROWTH<br>HORMONE during development.",""],["Hypopituitarism",7850,0.2,"D007018","C19.700.482",1,"Description: Diminution or cessation of secretion of one or more<br>hormones from the anterior pituitary gland (including LH;<br>FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE; SOMATOTROPIN; and CORTICOTROPIN).<br>This may result from surgical or radiation ablation, non-<br>secretory PITUITARY NEOPLASMS, metastatic tumors, infarction,<br>PITUITARY APOPLEXY, infiltrative or granulomatous processes, and<br>other conditions.",""],["Empty Sella Syndrome",761,0.0,"D004652","C19.700.320",0,"Description: A condition when the SELLA TURCICA is not filled<br>with pituitary tissue. The pituitary gland is either compressed,<br>atrophied, or removed. There are two types: (1) primary empty<br>sella is due a defect in the sella diaphragm leading to arachnoid<br>herniation into the sellar space; (2) secondary empty sella is<br>associated with the removal or treatment of PITUITARY NEOPLASMS.",""],["Hypogonadism",11908,0.2,"D007006","C19.391.482",4,"Description: Condition resulting from deficient gonadal<br>functions, such as GAMETOGENESIS and the production of GONADAL<br>STEROID HORMONES. It is characterized by delay in GROWTH, germ<br>cell maturation, and development of secondary sex<br>characteristics. Hypogonadism can be due to a deficiency of<br>GONADOTROPINS (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) or due to primary<br>gonadal failure (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism).",""],["Euthyroid Sick Syndromes",504,0.0,"D005067","C19.874.255",0,"Description: Conditions of abnormal THYROID HORMONES release in<br>patients with apparently normal THYROID GLAND during severe<br>systemic illness, physical TRAUMA, and psychiatric disturbances.<br>It can be caused by the loss of endogenous hypothalamic input or<br>by exogenous drug effects. The most common abnormality results in<br>low T3 THYROID HORMONE with progressive decrease in THYROXINE;<br>(T4) and TSH. Elevated T4 with normal T3 may be seen in diseases<br>in which THYROXINE-BINDING GLOBULIN synthesis and release are<br>increased.",""],["Goiter",31107,0.6,"D006042","C19.874.283",6,"Description: Enlargement of the THYROID GLAND that may increase<br>from about 20 grams to hundreds of grams in human adults. Goiter<br>is observed in individuals with normal thyroid function<br>(euthyroidism), thyroid deficiency (HYPOTHYROIDISM), or hormone<br>overproduction (HYPERTHYROIDISM). Goiter may be congenital or<br>acquired, sporadic or endemic (GOITER, ENDEMIC).",""],["Hyperthyroidism",41286,0.8,"D006980","C19.874.397",4,"Description: Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID<br>GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL<br>METABOLIC RATE.",""],["Hyperparathyroidism",21901,0.4,"D006961","C19.642.355",3,"Description: A condition of abnormally elevated output of<br>PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH) triggering responses that increase<br>blood CALCIUM. It is characterized by HYPERCALCEMIA and BONE<br>RESORPTION, eventually leading to bone diseases. PRIMARY<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is caused by parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or<br>PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is increased<br>PTH secretion in response to HYPOCALCEMIA, usually caused by<br>chronic KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Hyperthyroxinemia",680,0.0,"D006981","C19.874.410",2,"Description: Abnormally elevated THYROXINE level in the BLOOD.",""],["Inappropriate ADH Syndrome",2181,0.0,"D007177","C19.700.490",0,"Description: A condition of HYPONATREMIA and renal salt loss<br>attributed to overexpansion of BODY FLUIDS resulting from<br>sustained release of ANTIDIURETIC HORMONES which stimulates renal<br>resorption of water. It is characterized by normal KIDNEY<br>function, high urine OSMOLALITY, low serum osmolality, and<br>neurological dysfunction. Etiologies include ADH-producing<br>neoplasms, injuries or diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS, the<br>PITUITARY GLAND, and the LUNG. This syndrome can also be drug-<br>induced.",""],["Testicular Neoplasms",26879,0.5,"D013736","C19.344.762",3,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors<br>(GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular<br>neoplasms.",""],["Pituitary Neoplasms",27810,0.6,"D010911","C19.344.609",4,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the<br>PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are<br>adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting<br>forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type<br>of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be<br>characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA,<br>BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE).<br>Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the<br>HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM.<br>Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.",""],["Pituitary Neoplasms",27810,0.6,"D010911","C19.700.734",4,"Description: Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the<br>PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are<br>adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting<br>forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type<br>of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be<br>characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA,<br>BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE).<br>Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the<br>HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM.<br>Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.",""],["Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia",4959,0.1,"D009377","C19.344.400",3,"Description: A group of autosomal dominant diseases characterized<br>by the combined occurrence of tumors involving two or more<br>ENDOCRINE GLANDS that secrete PEPTIDE HORMONES or AMINES. These<br>neoplasias are often benign but can be malignant. They are<br>classified by the endocrine glands involved and the degree of<br>aggressiveness. The two major forms are MEN1 and MEN2 with gene<br>mutations on CHROMOSOME 11 and CHROMOSOME 10, respectively.",""],["Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes",1001,0.0,"D009384","C19.344.473",0,"Description: Syndromes resulting from inappropriate production of<br>HORMONES or hormone-like materials by NEOPLASMS in non-endocrine<br>tissues or not by the usual ENDOCRINE GLANDS. Such hormone<br>outputs are called ectopic hormone (HORMONES, ECTOPIC) secretion.",""],["Parathyroid Neoplasms",6614,0.1,"D010282","C19.344.525",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARATHYROID GLANDS.",""],["Parathyroid Neoplasms",6614,0.1,"D010282","C19.642.713",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the PARATHYROID GLANDS.",""],["Pituitary Apoplexy",893,0.0,"D010899","C19.700.725",0,"Description: The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY<br>GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of function<br>(PANHYPOPITUITARISM). The most common cause is hemorrhage or<br>INFARCTION of a PITUITARY ADENOMA. It can also result from acute<br>hemorrhage into SELLA TURCICA due to HEAD TRAUMA; INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION; or other acute effects of central nervous system<br>hemorrhage. Clinical signs include severe HEADACHE; HYPOTENSION;<br>bilateral visual disturbances; UNCONSCIOUSNESS; and COMA.",""],["Prediabetic State",6701,0.1,"D011236","C19.246.774",0,"Description: The time period before the development of<br>symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be<br>observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE<br>as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).",""],["Puberty, Delayed",955,0.0,"D011628","C19.391.690",0,"Description: The lack of development of SEXUAL MATURATION in boys<br>and girls at a chronological age that is 2.5 standard deviations<br>above the mean age at onset of PUBERTY in a population. Delayed<br>puberty can be classified by defects in the hypothalamic LHRH<br>pulse generator, the PITUITARY GLAND, or the GONADS. These<br>patients will undergo spontaneous but delayed puberty whereas<br>patients with SEXUAL INFANTILISM will not.",""],["Puberty, Precocious",4199,0.1,"D011629","C19.391.693",0,"Description: Development of SEXUAL MATURATION in boys and girls<br>at a chronological age that is 2.5 standard deviations below the<br>mean age at onset of PUBERTY in the population. This early<br>maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis results in<br>sexual precocity, elevated serum levels of GONADOTROPINS and<br>GONADAL STEROID HORMONES such as ESTRADIOL and TESTOSTERONE.",""],["Thyroiditis",13476,0.3,"D013966","C19.874.871",5,"Description: Inflammatory diseases of the THYROID GLAND.<br>Thyroiditis can be classified into acute (THYROIDITIS,<br>SUPPURATIVE), subacute (granulomatous and lymphocytic), chronic<br>fibrous (Riedel's), chronic lymphocytic (HASHIMOTO DISEASE),<br>transient (POSTPARTUM THYROIDITIS), and other AUTOIMMUNE<br>THYROIDITIS subtypes.",""],["Diabetes, Gestational",12854,0.3,"D016640","C19.246.200",0,"Description: Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved<br>at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed<br>diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS).<br>Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when<br>insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN<br>RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA.",""],["Laron Syndrome",217,0.0,"D046150","C19.297.656",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>short stature, defective GROWTH HORMONE RECEPTOR, and failure to<br>generate INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I by GROWTH HORMONE. Laron<br>syndrome is not a form of primary pituitary dwarfism (GROWTH<br>HORMONE DEFICIENCY DWARFISM) but the result of mutation of the<br>human GHR gene on chromosome 5.",""],["Thyroid Dysgenesis",631,0.0,"D050033","C19.874.689",2,"Description: Defective development of the THYROID GLAND. This<br>concept includes thyroid agenesis (aplasia), hypoplasia, or an<br>ectopic gland. Clinical signs usually are those of CONGENITAL<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM.",""],["Donohue Syndrome",72,0.0,"D056731","C19.246.537",0,"Description: Rare autosomal recessive syndrome of extreme insulin<br>resistance due to mutations in the binding domain of INSULIN<br>RECEPTOR. Clinical features include severe intrauterine and<br>postnatal growth restriction, characteristic dysmorphic FACIES;<br>HIRSUTISM; VIRILIZATION; multiple endocrine abnormalities, and<br>early death.",""],["Pituitary Diseases",66254,1.3,"D010900","C19.700",20,"Description: Disorders involving either the ADENOHYPOPHYSIS or<br>the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS. These diseases usually manifest as<br>hypersecretion or hyposecretion of PITUITARY HORMONES. Neoplastic<br>pituitary masses can also cause compression of the OPTIC CHIASM<br>and other adjacent structures.",""],["Diabetes Mellitus",511885,10.3,"D003920","C19.246",21,"Description: A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by<br>HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.",""],["Adrenal Gland Diseases",83334,1.7,"D000307","C19.053",19,"Description: Pathological processes of the ADRENAL GLANDS.",""],["Endocrine Gland Neoplasms",352675,7.1,"D004701","C19.344",40,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS.",""],["Gonadal Disorders",229504,4.6,"D006058","C19.391",61,"Description: Pathological processes of the OVARIES or the TESTES.",""],["Thyroid Diseases",193019,3.9,"D013959","C19.874",31,"Description: Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND.",""],["Bone Diseases, Endocrine",30,0.0,"D001849","C19.149",0,"Description: Diseases of the bones related to hyperfunction or<br>hypofunction of the endocrine glands.",""],["Dwarfism",11288,0.2,"D004392","C19.297",3,"Description: A genetic or pathological condition that is<br>characterized by short stature and undersize. Abnormal skeletal<br>growth usually results in an adult who is significantly below the<br>average height.",""],["Parathyroid Diseases",36551,0.7,"D010279","C19.642",8,"Description: Pathological processes of the PARATHYROID GLANDS.<br>They usually manifest as hypersecretion or hyposecretion of<br>PARATHYROID HORMONE that regulates the balance of CALCIUM;<br>PHOSPHORUS; and MAGNESIUM in the body.",""],["Tuberculosis, Endocrine",379,0.0,"D014383","C19.927",0,"Description: Infection of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS with species of<br>MYCOBACTERIUM, most often MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune",1471,0.0,"D016884","C19.787",0,"Description: Autoimmune diseases affecting multiple endocrine<br>organs. Type I is characterized by childhood onset and chronic<br>mucocutaneous candidiasis (CANDIDIASIS, CHRONIC MUCOCUTANEOUS),<br>while type II exhibits any combination of adrenal insufficiency<br>(ADDISON'S DISEASE), lymphocytic thyroiditis (THYROIDITIS,<br>AUTOIMMUNE;), HYPOPARATHYROIDISM; and gonadal failure. In both<br>types organ-specific ANTIBODIES against a variety of ENDOCRINE<br>GLANDS have been detected. The type II syndrome differs from type<br>I in that it is associated with HLA-A1 and B8 haplotypes, onset<br>is usually in adulthood, and candidiasis is not present.",""],["Endocrine System Diseases",1493940,29.9,"D004700","C19",214,"Description: Pathological processes of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS, and<br>diseases resulting from abnormal level of available HORMONES.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Cell Tumor","Sertoli Cell Tumor","Gonadoblastoma","Gonadoblastoma","Hypoadrenocorticism, Familial","Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial","Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital","Bartter Syndrome","Brenner Tumor","Diabetic Retinopathy","Vipoma","DiGeorge Syndrome","Freemartinism","Glucagonoma","Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed","Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY","Granulosa Cell Tumor","Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma","Insulinoma","Klinefelter Syndrome","Leydig Cell Tumor","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Meigs Syndrome","Nelson Syndrome","Nelson Syndrome","Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder","Sertoli Cell Tumor","Somatostatinoma","Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome","Thecoma","Thyroid Crisis","Turner Syndrome","Turner Syndrome","Gastrinoma","Kallmann Syndrome","Hyperandrogenism","Hyperandrogenism","WAGR Syndrome","Diabetic Foot","Diabetic Foot","Adrenocortical Adenoma","Adrenocortical Adenoma","Adrenocortical Adenoma","Adrenocortical Carcinoma","Adrenocortical Carcinoma","Adrenocortical Carcinoma","Carcinoma, Endometrioid","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Luteoma","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX","Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX","Denys-Drash Syndrome","Lingual Goiter","Graves Ophthalmopathy","Graves Ophthalmopathy","Hashimoto Disease","Postpartum Thyroiditis","Sexual Infantilism","Frasier Syndrome","46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development","Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome","Autoimmune Hypophysitis","Addison Disease","Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial","Ovarian Neoplasms","Thyroid Cancer, Papillary","Thyroid Cancer, Papillary","Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms","Ovarian Torsion","Acromegaly","Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms","Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms","Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms","Adrenogenital Syndrome","Adrenoleukodystrophy","Anovulation","Hyperaldosteronism","Congenital Hypothyroidism","Cryptorchidism","Cushing Syndrome","Diabetes Mellitus, Lipoatrophic","Diabetic Angiopathies","Diabetic Coma","Diabetic Nephropathies","Diabetic Neuropathies","Carcinoma, Islet Cell","22q11 Deletion Syndrome","Dwarfism, Pituitary","Eunuchism","Fetal Macrosomia","Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development","Gigantism","Goiter, Endemic","Goiter, Nodular","Goiter, Substernal","Gonadal Dysgenesis","Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY","Granulosa Cell Tumor","Graves Disease","Graves Disease","Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary","Hyperprolactinemia","Hypoaldosteronism","Adenoma, Islet Cell","Klinefelter Syndrome","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Testicular Neoplasms","Meigs Syndrome","Myxedema","ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","Oophoritis","Orchitis","Ovarian Cysts","Thecoma","Thyrotoxicosis","Thyroiditis, Autoimmune","Thyroiditis, Subacute","Thyroiditis, Suppurative","Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome","Wolfram Syndrome","Wolfram Syndrome","Prolactinoma","Prolactinoma","Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome","Thyroid Nodule","Thyroid Nodule","Primary Ovarian Insufficiency","Diabetic Ketoacidosis","Kallmann Syndrome","46, XX Disorders of Sex Development","Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor","Luteoma","Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b","Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic","Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","Lingual Thyroid","Lingual Goiter","Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion","Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma","Hyperparathyroidism, Primary","Hyperthyroxinemia, Familial Dysalbuminemic","Sexual Infantilism","Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development","Diabetic Cardiomyopathies","Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome","Hypophysitis","Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults","Adrenal Insufficiency","Ovarian Neoplasms","Ovarian Diseases","Thyroid Neoplasms","Thyroid Neoplasms","Pancreatic Neoplasms","Hyperpituitarism","Adrenal Cortex Diseases","Adrenal Gland Neoplasms","Adrenal Gland Neoplasms","Adrenocortical Hyperfunction","Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital","Disorders of Sex Development","Congenital Hypothyroidism","Hypothyroidism","Testicular Diseases","Diabetes Insipidus","Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","Diabetes Complications","Hypoparathyroidism","Dwarfism, Pituitary","Hypopituitarism","Empty Sella Syndrome","Hypogonadism","Euthyroid Sick Syndromes","Goiter","Hyperthyroidism","Hyperparathyroidism","Hyperthyroxinemia","Inappropriate ADH Syndrome","Testicular Neoplasms","Pituitary Neoplasms","Pituitary Neoplasms","Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia","Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes","Parathyroid Neoplasms","Parathyroid Neoplasms","Pituitary Apoplexy","Prediabetic State","Puberty, Delayed","Puberty, Precocious","Thyroiditis","Diabetes, Gestational","Laron Syndrome","Thyroid Dysgenesis","Donohue Syndrome","Pituitary Diseases","Diabetes Mellitus","Adrenal Gland Diseases","Endocrine Gland Neoplasms","Gonadal Disorders","Thyroid Diseases","Bone Diseases, Endocrine","Dwarfism","Parathyroid Diseases","Tuberculosis, Endocrine","Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune","Endocrine System 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Reticulosis",33,0.0,"D056267","C20.683.515.761.480.750.800.550.600",0,"Description: A distinct variant of mycosis fungoides<br>characterized by the presence of localized patches or plaques<br>with an intraepidermal proliferation of neoplastic cells.",""],["Plasmablastic Lymphoma",250,0.0,"D000069293","C20.683.515.761.480.150.585.500",0,"Description: Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid<br>cells which have the immunophenotype of plasma cells and a<br>predilection for the ORAL CAVITY.",""],["Mycosis Fungoides",5270,0.1,"D009182","C20.683.515.761.480.750.800.550",1,"Description: A chronic, malignant T-cell lymphoma of the skin. In<br>the late stages, the LYMPH NODES and viscera are affected.",""],["Sezary Syndrome",1506,0.0,"D012751","C20.683.515.761.480.750.800.775",0,"Description: A form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma manifested by<br>generalized exfoliative ERYTHRODERMA; PRURITUS; peripheral<br>lymphadenopathy, and abnormal hyperchromatic mononuclear<br>(cerebriform) cells in the skin, LYMPH NODES, and peripheral<br>blood (Sezary cells).",""],["Lymphomatoid Papulosis",511,0.0,"D017731","C20.683.515.761.480.750.800.528",0,"Description: Clinically benign, histologically malignant,<br>recurrent cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder<br>characterized by an infiltration of large atypical cells<br>surrounded by inflammatory cells. The atypical cells resemble<br>REED-STERNBERG CELLS of HODGKIN DISEASE or the malignant cells of<br>CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA. In some cases, lymphomatoid papulosis<br>progresses to lymphomatous conditions including MYCOSIS<br>FUNGOIDES; HODGKIN DISEASE; CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA; or<br>ANAPLASTIC LARGE-CELL LYMPHOMA.",""],["Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell",178,0.0,"D054446","C20.683.515.761.480.750.800.507",0,"Description: Anaplastic lymphoma of the skin which develops as a<br>primary neoplasm expressing the CD30 ANTIGEN. It is characterized<br>by solitary nodules or ulcerated tumors.",""],["Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse",20574,0.3,"D016403","C20.683.515.761.480.150.585",1,"Description: Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid<br>cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or<br>more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is<br>predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the<br>malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process<br>of differentiation.",""],["Burkitt Lymphoma",7515,0.1,"D002051","C20.683.515.761.480.150.165",0,"Description: A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA<br>usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts<br>of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic<br>lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are<br>expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in<br>virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus<br>(HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma<br>cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in<br>these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.",""],["Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis",726,0.0,"D008230","C20.683.515.761.480.150.600",0,"Description: An angiocentric and angiodestructive<br>lymphoproliferative disorder primarily involving the lungs. It is<br>caused by an Epstein-Barr virus-induced transformation of the<br>B-cells, in a T-cell rich environment. Clinically and<br>pathologically it resembles EXTRANODAL NK-T-CELL LYMPHOMA.",""],["Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous",11216,0.2,"D016410","C20.683.515.761.480.750.800",5,"Description: A group of lymphomas exhibiting clonal expansion of<br>malignant T-lymphocytes arrested at varying stages of<br>differentiation as well as malignant infiltration of the skin.<br>MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES; SEZARY SYNDROME; LYMPHOMATOID PAPULOSIS; and<br>PRIMARY CUTANEOUS ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA are the best<br>characterized of these disorders.",""],["Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral",2278,0.0,"D016411","C20.683.515.761.480.750.825",0,"Description: A group of malignant lymphomas thought to derive<br>from peripheral T-lymphocytes in lymph nodes and other<br>nonlymphoid sites. They include a broad spectrum of lymphocyte<br>morphology, but in all instances express T-cell markers admixed<br>with epithelioid histiocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils.<br>Although markedly similar to large-cell immunoblastic lymphoma<br>(LYMPHOMA, LARGE-CELL, IMMUNOBLASTIC), this group's unique<br>features warrant separate treatment.",""],["Lymphoma, AIDS-Related",2200,0.0,"D016483","C20.683.515.761.480.150.450",0,"Description: B-cell lymphoid tumors that occur in association<br>with AIDS. Patients often present with an advanced stage of<br>disease and highly malignant subtypes including BURKITT LYMPHOMA;<br>IMMUNOBLASTIC LARGE-CELL LYMPHOMA; PRIMARY EFFUSION LYMPHOMA; and<br>DIFFUSE, LARGE B-CELL, LYMPHOMA. The tumors are often<br>disseminated in unusual extranodal sites and chromosomal<br>abnormalities are frequently present. It is likely that<br>polyclonal B-cell lymphoproliferation in AIDS is a complex result<br>of EBV infection, HIV antigenic stimulation, and T-cell-dependent<br>HIV activation.",""],["Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic",2674,0.0,"D017728","C20.683.515.761.480.750.399",0,"Description: A systemic, large-cell, non-Hodgkin, malignant<br>lymphoma characterized by cells with pleomorphic appearance and<br>expressing the CD30 ANTIGEN. These so-called \"hallmark\" cells<br>have lobulated and indented nuclei. This lymphoma is often<br>mistaken for metastatic carcinoma and MALIGNANT HISTIOCYTOSIS.",""],["Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone",5273,0.1,"D018442","C20.683.515.761.480.150.570",0,"Description: Extranodal lymphoma of lymphoid tissue associated<br>with mucosa that is in contact with exogenous antigens. Many of<br>the sites of these lymphomas, such as the stomach, salivary<br>gland, and thyroid, are normally devoid of lymphoid tissue. They<br>acquire mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type as a result<br>of an immunologically mediated disorder.",""],["Lymphoma, Primary Effusion",454,0.0,"D054685","C20.683.515.761.480.150.592",0,"Description: A rare neoplasm of large B-cells usually presenting<br>as serious effusions without detectable tumor masses. The most<br>common sites of involvement are the pleural, pericardial, and<br>peritoneal cavities. It is associated with HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8,<br>most often occurring in the setting of immunodeficiency.",""],["Hereditary Angioedema Type III",44,0.0,"D056828","C20.543.480.904.066.500.500",0,"Description: A form of hereditary angioedema that occurs in women<br>and is precipitated or worsened by high ESTROGEN levels. It is<br>associated with mutations in the gene for FACTOR XII that result<br>in its increased activity.",""],["Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II",211,0.0,"D056829","C20.543.480.904.066.500.750",0,"Description: Forms of hereditary angioedema that occur due to<br>mutations in the gene for COMPLEMENT C1 INHIBITOR PROTEIN. Type I<br>hereditary angioedema is associated with reduced serum levels of<br>complement C1 inhibitor protein. Type II hereditary angioedema is<br>associated with the production of a non-functional complement C1<br>inhibitor protein.",""],["Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma",186,0.0,"D058527","C20.683.515.761.480.750.199",0,"Description: A primary peripheral T-cell lymphoma in the<br>gastrointestinal tract, most often in the jejunum, associated<br>with a history of CELIAC DISEASE or other gastrointestinal<br>diseases.",""],["Lymphoma, B-Cell",50935,0.7,"D016393","C20.683.515.761.480.150",7,"Description: A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally<br>expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant<br>transformations of B-lymphocytes.",""],["Asthma, Exercise-Induced",2086,0.0,"D001250","C20.543.480.680.095.110",0,"Description: Asthma attacks following a period of exercise.<br>Usually the induced attack is short-lived and regresses<br>spontaneously. The magnitude of postexertional airway obstruction<br>is strongly influenced by the environment in which exercise is<br>performed (i.e. inhalation of cold air during physical exertion<br>markedly augments the severity of the airway obstruction;<br>conversely, warm humid air blunts or abolishes it).",""],["Bird Fancier's Lung",490,0.0,"D001716","C20.543.480.680.075.125",0,"Description: A form of alveolitis or pneumonitis due to an<br>acquired hypersensitivity to inhaled avian antigens, usually<br>proteins in the dust of bird feathers and droppings.",""],["Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",377,0.0,"D004684","C20.111.258.250.350.500",0,"Description: A fulminant and often fatal demyelinating disease of<br>the brain which primarily affects young adults and children.<br>Clinical features include the rapid onset of weakness, SEIZURES,<br>and COMA. It may follow a viral illness or MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE<br>infections but in most instances there is no precipitating event.<br>Pathologic examination reveals marked perivascular demyelination<br>and necrosis of white matter with microhemorrhages. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp924-5)",""],["Farmer's Lung",909,0.0,"D005203","C20.543.480.680.075.365",0,"Description: A form of alveolitis or pneumonitis due to an<br>acquired hypersensitivity to inhaled antigens associated with<br>farm environment. Antigens in the farm dust are commonly from<br>bacteria actinomycetes (SACCHAROPOLYSPORA and THERMOACTINOMYCES),<br>fungi, and animal proteins in the soil, straw, crops, pelts,<br>serum, and excreta.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal",11632,0.2,"D006255","C20.543.480.680.443.750",0,"Description: Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every<br>year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with<br>lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition<br>triggered by specific ALLERGENS.",""],["Lymphoma, Follicular",6300,0.1,"D008224","C20.683.515.761.480.350",0,"Description: Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells<br>are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES.<br>The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph<br>node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation<br>of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES.",""],["Lymphoma, T-Cell",22466,0.3,"D016399","C20.683.515.761.480.750",9,"Description: A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors<br>representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes.",""],["Neuromyelitis Optica",4417,0.1,"D009471","C20.111.258.250.550.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS;<br>MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in<br>the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific<br>autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial",6836,0.1,"D012221","C20.543.480.680.443.500",0,"Description: Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose<br>similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist<br>throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens,<br>particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.",""],["Status Asthmaticus",1100,0.0,"D013224","C20.543.480.680.095.880",0,"Description: A sudden intense and continuous aggravation of a<br>state of asthma, marked by dyspnea to the point of exhaustion and<br>collapse and not responding to the usual therapeutic efforts.",""],["Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell",18408,0.3,"D015451","C20.683.515.528.080.125",0,"Description: A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal<br>B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients<br>presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement<br>it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those<br>predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small<br>lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same<br>disease.",""],["Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma",2821,0.0,"D015452","C20.683.515.528.600.600",0,"Description: A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children<br>and adolescents and characterized by a high number of<br>lymphoblasts and solid tumor lesions. Frequent sites involve<br>LYMPH NODES, skin, and bones. It most commonly presents as<br>leukemia.",""],["Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell",3960,0.1,"D015459","C20.683.515.528.582.100",0,"Description: Aggressive T-Cell malignancy with adult onset,<br>caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1. It is endemic in Japan,<br>the Caribbean basin, Southeastern United States, Hawaii, and<br>parts of Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell",353,0.0,"D015461","C20.683.515.528.565.750",0,"Description: A lymphoid leukemia characterized by a profound<br>LYMPHOCYTOSIS with or without LYMPHADENOPATHY,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, frequently rapid progression, and short<br>survival. It was formerly called T-cell chronic lymphocytic<br>leukemia.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell",353,0.0,"D015461","C20.683.515.528.582.125",0,"Description: A lymphoid leukemia characterized by a profound<br>LYMPHOCYTOSIS with or without LYMPHADENOPATHY,<br>hepatosplenomegaly, frequently rapid progression, and short<br>survival. It was formerly called T-cell chronic lymphocytic<br>leukemia.",""],["Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic",275,0.0,"D016400","C20.683.515.761.480.487",0,"Description: Malignant lymphoma characterized by the presence of<br>immunoblasts with uniformly round-to-oval nuclei, one or more<br>prominent nucleoli, and abundant cytoplasm. This class may be<br>subdivided into plasmacytoid and clear-cell types based on<br>cytoplasmic characteristics. A third category, pleomorphous, may<br>be analogous to some of the peripheral T-cell lymphomas<br>(LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, PERIPHERAL) recorded in both the United States<br>and Japan.",""],["Miller Fisher Syndrome",725,0.0,"D019846","C20.111.258.750.400.500",0,"Description: A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME<br>characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction,<br>ataxia, and loss of deep tendon reflexes with relative sparing of<br>strength in the extremities and trunk. The ataxia is produced by<br>peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction and not by cerebellar<br>injury. Facial weakness and sensory loss may also occur. The<br>process is mediated by autoantibodies directed against a<br>component of myelin found in peripheral nerves. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1313; Neurology 1987<br>Sep;37(9):1493-8)",""],["Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell",3714,0.1,"D020522","C20.683.515.761.480.525",0,"Description: A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually<br>diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small<br>cleaved cells. It accounts for about 5% of adult non-Hodgkin<br>lymphomas in the United States and Europe. The majority of<br>mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14)<br>translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene<br>(GENES, BCL-1).",""],["Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive",2526,0.0,"D020528","C20.111.258.250.500.200",0,"Description: A form of multiple sclerosis characterized by a<br>progressive deterioration in neurologic function which is in<br>contrast to the more typical relapsing remitting form. If the<br>clinical course is free of distinct remissions, it is referred to<br>as primary progressive multiple sclerosis. When the progressive<br>decline is punctuated by acute exacerbations, it is referred to<br>as progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis. The term secondary<br>progressive multiple sclerosis is used when relapsing remitting<br>multiple sclerosis evolves into the chronic progressive form.<br>(From Ann Neurol 1994;36 Suppl:S73-S79; Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914)",""],["Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting",8361,0.1,"D020529","C20.111.258.250.500.600",0,"Description: The most common clinical variant of MULTIPLE<br>SCLEROSIS, characterized by recurrent acute exacerbations of<br>neurologic dysfunction followed by partial or complete recovery.<br>Common clinical manifestations include loss of visual (see OPTIC<br>NEURITIS), motor, sensory, or bladder function. Acute episodes of<br>demyelination may occur at any site in the central nervous<br>system, and commonly involve the optic nerves, spinal cord, brain<br>stem, and cerebellum. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, pp903-914)",""],["Peanut Hypersensitivity",1623,0.0,"D021183","C20.543.480.370.572.750",0,"Description: Allergic reaction to peanuts that is triggered by<br>the immune system.",""],["Nut Hypersensitivity",414,0.0,"D021184","C20.543.480.370.572.500",0,"Description: Allergic reaction to tree nuts that is triggered by<br>the immune system.",""],["Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic",592,0.0,"D054066","C20.683.515.528.582.049",0,"Description: A spectrum of disorders characterized by clonal<br>expansions of the peripheral blood LYMPHOCYTE populations known<br>as large granular lymphocytes which contain abundant cytoplasm<br>and azurophilic granules. Subtypes develop from either<br>CD3-negative NATURAL KILLER CELLS or CD3-positive T-CELLS. The<br>clinical course of both subtypes can vary from spontaneous<br>regression to progressive, malignant disease.",""],["Angioedemas, Hereditary",1774,0.0,"D054179","C20.543.480.904.066.500",2,"Description: Inherited disorders that are characterized by<br>subcutaneous and submucosal EDEMA in the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma",2266,0.0,"D054218","C20.683.515.528.600.620",0,"Description: A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children<br>and young adults and characterized LYMPHADENOPATHY and THYMUS<br>GLAND involvement. It most frequently presents as a lymphoma, but<br>a leukemic progression in the bone marrow is common.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell",76,0.0,"D054403","C20.683.515.528.080.562",0,"Description: A neoplasm of prolymphocytes affecting the blood,<br>bone marrow, and spleen. It is characterized by prolymphocytes<br>exceeding 55% of the lymphoid cells in the blood and profound<br>splenomegaly.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell",76,0.0,"D054403","C20.683.515.528.565.745",0,"Description: A neoplasm of prolymphocytes affecting the blood,<br>bone marrow, and spleen. It is characterized by prolymphocytes<br>exceeding 55% of the lymphoid cells in the blood and profound<br>splenomegaly.",""],["Asthma, Occupational",692,0.0,"D059366","C20.543.480.680.095.495",0,"Description: Asthma attacks caused, triggered, or exacerbated by<br>OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE.",""],["Trichosporonosis",204,0.0,"D060586","C20.543.480.680.075.682",0,"Description: Fungal infections caused by TRICHOSPORON that may<br>become systemic especially in an IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST. Clinical<br>manifestations range from superficial cutaneous infections to<br>systemic lesions in multiple organs.",""],["Shellfish Hypersensitivity",73,0.0,"D000067208","C20.543.480.370.763",0,"Description: Allergic reaction to SHELLFISH or shellfish<br>products.",""],["Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin",114285,1.7,"D008228","C20.683.515.761.480",21,"Description: Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid<br>tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous<br>with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course,<br>prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these<br>tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a<br>characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.",""],["Nut and Peanut Hypersensitivity",2051,0.0,"D000074924","C20.543.480.370.572",2,"Description: Allergic reaction to tree nuts and peanuts,<br>including other LEGUMES, that is triggered by the immune system.<br>It includes co-sensitization to other food (e.g., sesame seed).",""],["Chronic Urticaria",498,0.0,"D000080223","C20.543.480.904.533",0,"Description: Wheals (urticaria) and/or angioedema presented with<br>daily symptoms lasting for more than 6 weeks. It may be<br>classified into chronic spontaneous and chronic inducible<br>urticaria depending on whether a specific trigger can be linked<br>to the development of vascular reaction.",""],["Aleutian Mink Disease",302,0.0,"D000453","C20.673.774.257.270",0,"Description: A slow progressive disease of mink caused by the<br>ALEUTIAN MINK DISEASE VIRUS. It is characterized by poor<br>reproduction, weight loss, autoimmunity, hypergammaglobulinemia,<br>increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, and death from<br>renal failure. The disease occurs in all color types, but mink<br>which are homozygous recessive for the Aleutian gene for light<br>coat color are particularly susceptible.",""],["Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic",4528,0.1,"D000542","C20.543.480.680.075",3,"Description: A common interstitial lung disease caused by<br>hypersensitivity reactions of PULMONARY ALVEOLI after inhalation<br>of and sensitization to environmental antigens of microbial,<br>animal, or chemical sources. The disease is characterized by<br>lymphocytic alveolitis and granulomatous pneumonitis.",""],["Angioedema",6458,0.1,"D000799","C20.543.480.904.066",3,"Description: Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or<br>submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema<br>often occurs in the face, lips, tongue, and larynx.",""],["Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary",1865,0.0,"D001229","C20.543.480.680.085",0,"Description: Hypersensitivity reaction (ALLERGIC REACTION) to<br>fungus ASPERGILLUS in an individual with long-standing BRONCHIAL<br>ASTHMA. It is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates,<br>EOSINOPHILIA, elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and skin<br>reactivity to Aspergillus antigen.",""],["Asthma",129368,1.9,"D001249","C20.543.480.680.095",3,"Description: A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct<br>components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY<br>OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of<br>airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA,<br>PAROXYSMAL).",""],["Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder",2174,0.0,"D002549","C20.111.258.250.175",0,"Description: A rare central nervous system demyelinating<br>condition affecting children and young adults. Pathologic<br>findings include a large, sharply defined, asymmetric focus of<br>myelin destruction that may involve an entire lobe or cerebral<br>hemisphere. The clinical course tends to be progressive and<br>includes dementia, cortical blindness, cortical deafness, spastic<br>hemiplegia, and pseudobulbar palsy. Concentric sclerosis of Balo<br>is differentiated from diffuse cerebral sclerosis of Schilder by<br>the pathologic finding of alternating bands of destruction and<br>preservation of myelin in concentric rings. Alpers' Syndrome<br>refers to a heterogeneous group of diseases that feature<br>progressive cerebral deterioration and liver disease. (From Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p914; Dev Neurosci<br>1991;13(4-5):267-73)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated",2363,0.0,"D004673","C20.111.258.250.350",1,"Description: An acute or subacute inflammatory process of the<br>CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM characterized histologically by multiple<br>foci of perivascular demyelination. Symptom onset usually occurs<br>several days after an acute viral infection or immunization, but<br>it may coincide with the onset of infection or rarely no<br>antecedent event can be identified. Clinical manifestations<br>include CONFUSION, somnolence, FEVER, nuchal rigidity, and<br>involuntary movements. The illness may progress to COMA and<br>eventually be fatal. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p921)",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental",10988,0.2,"D004681","C20.111.258.625.300",0,"Description: An experimental animal model for central nervous<br>system demyelinating disease. Inoculation with a white matter<br>emulsion combined with FREUND'S ADJUVANT, myelin basic protein,<br>or purified central myelin triggers a T cell-mediated immune<br>response directed towards central myelin. The pathologic features<br>are similar to MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, including perivascular and<br>periventricular foci of inflammation and demyelination. Subpial<br>demyelination underlying meningeal infiltrations also occurs,<br>which is also a feature of ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED.<br>Passive immunization with T-cells from an afflicted animal to a<br>normal animal also induces this condition. (From Immunol Res<br>1998;17(1-2):217-27; Raine CS, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd<br>ed, p604-5)",""],["Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic",377,0.0,"D004684","C20.111.258.250.425",0,"Description: A fulminant and often fatal demyelinating disease of<br>the brain which primarily affects young adults and children.<br>Clinical features include the rapid onset of weakness, SEIZURES,<br>and COMA. It may follow a viral illness or MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE<br>infections but in most instances there is no precipitating event.<br>Pathologic examination reveals marked perivascular demyelination<br>and necrosis of white matter with microhemorrhages. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp924-5)",""],["Erythema Nodosum",2554,0.0,"D004893","C20.543.206.380.375",0,"Description: An erythematous eruption commonly associated with<br>drug reactions or infection and characterized by inflammatory<br>nodules that are usually tender, multiple, and bilateral. These<br>nodules are located predominantly on the shins with less common<br>occurrence on the thighs and forearms. They undergo<br>characteristic color changes ending in temporary bruise-like<br>areas. This condition usually subsides in 3-6 weeks without<br>scarring or atrophy.",""],["Rhinitis, Allergic",22622,0.3,"D065631","C20.543.480.680.443",2,"Description: An inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA triggered by<br>ALLERGENS.",""],["Hodgkin Disease",30870,0.5,"D006689","C20.683.515.761.355",0,"Description: A malignant disease characterized by progressive<br>enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid<br>tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate<br>Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular<br>lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells<br>are seen.",""],["Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease",188,0.0,"D007161","C20.683.780.490.512",0,"Description: A condition that is caused by HYPERPLASIA of<br>LYMPHOCYTES in the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL) and the<br>mesenteric LYMPH NODES. These lymphocytes produce an anomalous<br>alpha heavy chain protein. Generally, these IPSID patients have<br>either concurrent LYMPHOMA or develop lymphoma within a few<br>years. The disease was first described in the Mediterranean<br>region and is characterized by malabsorption; WEIGHT LOSS;<br>DIARRHEA; and STEATORRHEA.",""],["Leukemia, Mast-Cell",171,0.0,"D007946","C20.762.750.750.500",0,"Description: A form of systemic mastocytosis (MASTOCYTOSIS,<br>SYSTEMIC) characterized by the presence of large numbers of<br>tissue MAST CELLS in the peripheral blood without skin lesions.<br>It is a high-grade LEUKEMIA disease with bone marrow smear of<br>>20% MAST CELLS, multi-organ failure and a short survival.",""],["Leukemia, Plasma Cell",987,0.0,"D007952","C20.683.515.845.500",0,"Description: A rare, aggressive variant of MULTIPLE MYELOMA<br>characterized by the circulation of excessive PLASMA CELLS in the<br>peripheral blood. It can be a primary manifestation of multiple<br>myeloma or develop as a terminal complication during the disease.",""],["Multiple Sclerosis",70421,1.0,"D009103","C20.111.258.250.500",2,"Description: An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults<br>and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous<br>system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated<br>areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central<br>nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss,<br>extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation,<br>weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder<br>dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks<br>followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-<br>REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms<br>(see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams<br>et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)",""],["Myelitis, Transverse",5990,0.1,"D009188","C20.111.258.250.550",1,"Description: Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal<br>cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental demyelination<br>or necrosis. The condition may occur sporadically, follow an<br>infection or vaccination, or present as a paraneoplastic syndrome<br>(see also ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED). Clinical<br>manifestations include motor weakness, sensory loss, and<br>incontinence. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1242-6)",""],["Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental",608,0.0,"D009444","C20.111.258.625.700",0,"Description: An experimental animal model for the demyelinating<br>disease of GUILLAINE-BARRE SYNDROME. In the most frequently used<br>protocol, animals are injected with a peripheral nerve tissue<br>protein homogenate. After approximately 2 weeks the animals<br>develop a neuropathy secondary to a T cell-mediated autoimmune<br>response directed towards the MYELIN P2 PROTEIN in peripheral<br>nerves. Pathologic findings include a perivascular accumulation<br>of macrophages and T lymphocytes in the peripheral nervous<br>system, similar to that seen in the Guillaine-Barre syndrome.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1314; J<br>Neuroimmunol 1998 Apr 1;84(1):40-52)",""],["Neuromyelitis Optica",4417,0.1,"D009471","C20.111.258.250.775",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS;<br>MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in<br>the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific<br>autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4.",""],["Dermatitis, Toxicodendron",373,0.0,"D011040","C20.543.418.150.700",0,"Description: An allergic contact dermatitis caused by exposure to<br>plants of the genus Toxicodendron (formerly Rhus). These include<br>poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac, all plants that contain<br>the substance urushiol, a potent skin sensitizing agent. (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Serum Sickness",884,0.0,"D012713","C20.543.206.380.800",0,"Description: Immune complex disease caused by the administration<br>of foreign serum or serum proteins and characterized by fever,<br>lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, and urticaria. When they are<br>complexed to protein carriers, some drugs can also cause serum<br>sickness when they act as haptens inducing antibody responses.",""],["Stevens-Johnson Syndrome",5762,0.1,"D013262","C20.543.206.380.900",0,"Description: Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive<br>KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal<br>involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g.,<br>antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA,<br>MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal<br>Necrolysis.",""],["Giant Cell Arteritis",7230,0.1,"D013700","C20.111.258.962.800",0,"Description: A systemic autoimmune disorder that typically<br>affects medium and large ARTERIES, usually leading to occlusive<br>granulomatous vasculitis with transmural infiltrate containing<br>multinucleated GIANT CELLS. The TEMPORAL ARTERY is commonly<br>involved. This disorder appears primarily in people over the age<br>of 50. Symptoms include FEVER; FATIGUE; HEADACHE; visual<br>impairment; pain in the jaw and tongue; and aggravation of pain<br>by cold temperatures. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed)",""],["Urticaria Pigmentosa",1158,0.0,"D014582","C20.762.750.563.850",0,"Description: The most common form of cutaneous mastocytosis<br>(MASTOCYTOSIS, CUTANEOUS) that occurs primarily in children. It<br>is characterized by the multiple small reddish-brown pigmented<br>pruritic macules and papules.",""],["Leukemia, B-Cell",19687,0.3,"D015448","C20.683.515.528.080",2,"Description: A malignant disease of the B-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone<br>marrow and/or blood.",""],["Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma",31975,0.5,"D054198","C20.683.515.528.600",2,"Description: A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the<br>lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the<br>marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children<br>and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.",""],["Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute",372,0.0,"D015456","C20.683.515.528.100",0,"Description: An acute leukemia exhibiting cell features<br>characteristic of both the myeloid and lymphoid lineages and<br>probably arising from MULTIPOTENT STEM CELLS.",""],["Leukemia, T-Cell",6923,0.1,"D015458","C20.683.515.528.582",3,"Description: A malignant disease of the T-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone<br>marrow, thymus, and/or blood.",""],["Leukemia, Prolymphocytic",787,0.0,"D015463","C20.683.515.528.565",2,"Description: A chronic leukemia characterized by a large number<br>of circulating prolymphocytes. It can arise spontaneously or as a<br>consequence of transformation of CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA.",""],["Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome",841,0.0,"D015624","C20.111.258.500.150",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and<br>fatigability of proximal muscles, particularly of the pelvic<br>girdle, lower extremities, trunk, and shoulder girdle. There is<br>relative sparing of extraocular and bulbar muscles. CARCINOMA,<br>SMALL CELL of the lung is a frequently associated condition,<br>although other malignancies and autoimmune diseases may be<br>associated. Muscular weakness results from impaired impulse<br>transmission at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. Presynaptic calcium<br>channel dysfunction leads to a reduced amount of acetylcholine<br>being released in response to stimulation of the nerve. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 1471)",""],["Milk Hypersensitivity",2481,0.0,"D016269","C20.543.480.370.500",0,"Description: Allergic reaction to milk (usually cow's milk) or<br>milk products. MILK HYPERSENSITIVITY should be differentiated<br>from LACTOSE INTOLERANCE, an intolerance to milk as a result of<br>congenital deficiency of lactase.",""],["Dermatitis, Photoallergic",618,0.0,"D017454","C20.543.418.150.600",0,"Description: A delayed hypersensitivity involving the reaction<br>between sunlight or other radiant energy source and a chemical<br>substance to which the individual has been previously exposed and<br>sensitized. It manifests as a papulovesicular, eczematous, or<br>exudative dermatitis occurring chiefly on the light-exposed areas<br>of the skin.",""],["Lymphangioleiomyomatosis",1433,0.0,"D018192","C20.683.515.710.465",0,"Description: A disease characterized by the progressive invasion<br>of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS into the LYMPHATIC VESSELS, and the BLOOD<br>VESSELS. The majority of the cases occur in the LUNGS of women of<br>child-bearing age, eventually blocking the flow of air, blood,<br>and lymph. The common symptom is shortness of breath (DYSPNEA).",""],["Guillain-Barre Syndrome",6480,0.1,"D020275","C20.111.258.750.400",1,"Description: An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by<br>T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards<br>peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and<br>nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or<br>bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure<br>to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive<br>weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes.<br>Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may<br>occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1312-1314)",""],["Schnitzler Syndrome",288,0.0,"D019873","C20.683.780.640.700",0,"Description: An extremely rare condition manifested as monoclonal<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN M dysproteinemia without features of<br>lymphoproliferative disease, but with chronic urticaria, fever of<br>unknown origin, disabling bone pain, hyperostosis, and increased<br>erythrocyte sedimentation rate.",""],["Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating",2088,0.0,"D020277","C20.111.258.750.800",0,"Description: A slowly progressive autoimmune demyelinating<br>disease of peripheral nerves and nerve roots. Clinical<br>manifestations include weakness and sensory loss in the<br>extremities and enlargement of peripheral nerves. The course may<br>be relapsing-remitting or demonstrate a step-wise progression.<br>Protein is usually elevated in the spinal fluid and cranial<br>nerves are typically spared. GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME features a<br>relatively rapid progression of disease which distinguishes it<br>from this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1337)",""],["Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental",369,0.0,"D020720","C20.111.258.500.300",0,"Description: Any autoimmune animal disease model used in the<br>study of MYASTHENIA GRAVIS. Injection with purified neuromuscular<br>junction acetylcholine receptor (AChR) (see RECEPTORS,<br>CHOLINERGIC) components results in a myasthenic syndrome that has<br>acute and chronic phases. The motor endplate pathology, loss of<br>acetylcholine receptors, presence of circulating anti-AChR<br>antibodies, and electrophysiologic changes make this condition<br>virtually identical to human myasthenia gravis. Passive transfer<br>of AChR antibodies or lymphocytes from afflicted animals to<br>normals induces passive transfer experimental autoimmune<br>myasthenia gravis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch 54,<br>p3)",""],["Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental",369,0.0,"D020720","C20.111.258.625.350",0,"Description: Any autoimmune animal disease model used in the<br>study of MYASTHENIA GRAVIS. Injection with purified neuromuscular<br>junction acetylcholine receptor (AChR) (see RECEPTORS,<br>CHOLINERGIC) components results in a myasthenic syndrome that has<br>acute and chronic phases. The motor endplate pathology, loss of<br>acetylcholine receptors, presence of circulating anti-AChR<br>antibodies, and electrophysiologic changes make this condition<br>virtually identical to human myasthenia gravis. Passive transfer<br>of AChR antibodies or lymphocytes from afflicted animals to<br>normals induces passive transfer experimental autoimmune<br>myasthenia gravis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch 54,<br>p3)",""],["Myasthenia Gravis, Neonatal",36,0.0,"D020941","C20.111.258.500.650",0,"Description: A disorder of neuromuscular transmission that occurs<br>in a minority of newborns born to women with myasthenia gravis.<br>Clinical features are usually present at birth or develop in the<br>first 3 days of life and consist of hypotonia and impaired<br>respiratory, suck, and swallowing abilities. This condition is<br>associated with the passive transfer of acetylcholine receptor<br>antibodies through the placenta. In the majority of infants the<br>myasthenic weakness resolves (i.e., transient neonatal myasthenia<br>gravis) although this disorder may rarely continue beyond the<br>neonatal period (i.e., persistent neonatal myasthenia gravis).<br>(From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p823;<br>Neurology 1997 Jan;48(1):50-4)",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C20.111.258.962.900",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Egg Hypersensitivity",726,0.0,"D021181","C20.543.480.370.150",0,"Description: Allergic reaction to eggs that is triggered by the<br>immune system.",""],["Wheat Hypersensitivity",523,0.0,"D021182","C20.543.480.370.850",0,"Description: Allergic reaction to wheat that is triggered by the<br>immune system.",""],["Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Type 1",93,0.0,"D053307","C20.673.430.250.500",0,"Description: An X-linked hyper-IgM immunodeficiency subtype<br>resulting from mutation in the gene encoding CD40 LIGAND.",""],["Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Type 1",93,0.0,"D053307","C20.673.795.625.500",0,"Description: An X-linked hyper-IgM immunodeficiency subtype<br>resulting from mutation in the gene encoding CD40 LIGAND.",""],["X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases",234,0.0,"D053632","C20.673.795.750.500",0,"Description: Forms of combined immunodeficiency caused by<br>mutations in the gene for INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA<br>SUBUNIT. Both severe and non-severe subtypes of the disease have<br>been identified.",""],["Angioedemas, Hereditary",1519,0.0,"D054179","C20.673.795.500.500",0,"Description: Inherited disorders that are characterized by<br>subcutaneous and submucosal EDEMA in the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT<br>and GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Mastocytoma, Skin",80,0.0,"D054705","C20.762.750.469.500",0,"Description: A variant of cutaneous mastocytosis which occurs as<br>a single lesion usually in infants. It is found mostly in the<br>wrist and trunk and there is no atypical cytomorphology.",""],["Mastocytoma, Skin",80,0.0,"D054705","C20.762.750.563.500",0,"Description: A variant of cutaneous mastocytosis which occurs as<br>a single lesion usually in infants. It is found mostly in the<br>wrist and trunk and there is no atypical cytomorphology.",""],["Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis",506,0.0,"D056150","C20.543.206.380.174",0,"Description: Rare skin eruption characterized by acute formation<br>of pustules filled with NEUTROPHILS, fever, and peripheral blood<br>LEUKOCYTOSIS. Most cases are associated with the use of<br>antibiotics (e.g., BETA-LACTAMS).",""],["Composite Lymphoma",72,0.0,"D058617","C20.683.515.761.150",0,"Description: Two or more distinct types of malignant lymphoid<br>tumors occurring within a single organ or tissue at the same<br>time. It may contain different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma<br>cells or both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells.",""],["Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome",920,0.0,"D063926","C20.543.206.380.262",0,"Description: Severe drug eruption characterized by high fever,<br>erythematous rash and inflammation of internal organ(s).",""],["Intraocular Lymphoma",153,0.0,"D064090","C20.683.515.761.417",0,"Description: A form of malignant cancer which occurs within the<br>eyeball.",""],["Nicolau Syndrome",71,0.0,"D065148","C20.543.206.380.587",0,"Description: An uncommon complication of INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION<br>leading to variable degrees of necrosis of skin and underlying<br>tissue.",""],["Food Hypersensitivity",21808,0.3,"D005512","C20.543.480.370",7,"Description: Gastrointestinal disturbances, skin eruptions, or<br>shock due to allergic reactions to allergens in food.",""],["Lymphoma",185735,2.7,"D008223","C20.683.515.761",25,"Description: A general term for various neoplastic diseases of<br>the lymphoid tissue.",""],["Acute Retroviral Syndrome",10,0.0,"D000071297","C20.673.480.044",0,"Description: Early stage of HIV infection. Symptoms resemble<br>INFLUENZA or INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS.",""],["Smoldering Multiple Myeloma",152,0.0,"D000075122","C20.683.460.820",0,"Description: An asymptomatic and slow-growing PLASMA CELL<br>dyscrasia characterized by presence of MYELOMA PROTEINS and<br>clonal bone marrow plasma cells without end-organ damage (e.g.,<br>renal impairment). It is distinguished from MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY<br>OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE by a much higher risk of progression<br>to symptomatic MULTIPLE MYELOMA.",""],["Smoldering Multiple Myeloma",152,0.0,"D000075122","C20.683.780.838",0,"Description: An asymptomatic and slow-growing PLASMA CELL<br>dyscrasia characterized by presence of MYELOMA PROTEINS and<br>clonal bone marrow plasma cells without end-organ damage (e.g.,<br>renal impairment). It is distinguished from MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY<br>OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE by a much higher risk of progression<br>to symptomatic MULTIPLE MYELOMA.",""],["Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis",1027,0.0,"D000075363","C20.683.515.507",0,"Description: A nonproliferative disorder of the PLASMA CELL<br>characterized by excessive production and misfolding of<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS that form insoluble amyloid fibrils<br>(see AMYLOID DEPOSITS) in various tissues. Clinical features<br>include LIVER FAILURE; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME;<br>RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY, and neuropathies.",""],["Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis",1027,0.0,"D000075363","C20.683.780.565",0,"Description: A nonproliferative disorder of the PLASMA CELL<br>characterized by excessive production and misfolding of<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS that form insoluble amyloid fibrils<br>(see AMYLOID DEPOSITS) in various tissues. Clinical features<br>include LIVER FAILURE; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME;<br>RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY, and neuropathies.",""],["Urticaria",17140,0.2,"D014581","C20.543.480.904",5,"Description: A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by<br>erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of<br>vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy,<br>infection, or stress.",""],["Hereditary Complement Deficiency Diseases",1560,0.0,"D000081208","C20.673.795.500",1,"Description: Genetic disorders due to mutations in genes involved<br>in COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They are often classified into<br>distinct pathway of complement activation where causative<br>mutations are found (e.g., classical pathway, lectin pathway,<br>alternative pathway, and terminal complement pathway).",""],["Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",66900,1.0,"D000163","C20.673.480.040",0,"Description: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated<br>with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a<br>CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or<br>less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility<br>to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical<br>manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia.<br>These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in<br>1993.",""],["AIDS-Related Complex",1088,0.0,"D000386","C20.673.480.080",0,"Description: A prodromal phase of infection with the human<br>immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory criteria separating<br>AIDS-related complex (ARC) from AIDS include elevated or<br>hyperactive B-cell humoral immune responses, compared to<br>depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS; follicular or<br>mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte<br>degeneration and depletion more typical of AIDS; evolving<br>succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of<br>Kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown<br>AIDS.",""],["Chediak-Higashi Syndrome",986,0.0,"D002609","C20.673.774.257",1,"Description: A form of phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction<br>characterized by unusual oculocutaneous albinism, high incidence<br>of lymphoreticular neoplasms, and recurrent pyogenic infections.<br>In many cell types, abnormal lysosomes are present leading to<br>defective pigment distribution and abnormal neutrophil functions.<br>The disease is transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance and<br>a similar disorder occurs in the beige mouse, the Aleutian mink,<br>and albino Hereford cattle.",""],["Respiratory Hypersensitivity",166101,2.4,"D012130","C20.543.480.680",12,"Description: A form of hypersensitivity affecting the respiratory<br>tract. It includes ASTHMA and RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL.",""],["Anaphylaxis",18576,0.3,"D000707","C20.543.480.099",0,"Description: An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure<br>to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include<br>rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular<br>collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.",""],["Arthus Reaction",556,0.0,"D001183","C20.543.520.100",0,"Description: A dermal inflammatory reaction produced under<br>conditions of antibody excess, when a second injection of antigen<br>produces intravascular antigen-antibody complexes which bind<br>complement, causing cell clumping, endothelial damage, and<br>vascular necrosis.",""],["Ataxia Telangiectasia",2573,0.0,"D001260","C20.673.795.250",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive inherited disorder<br>characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood,<br>progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA; TELANGIECTASIS of CONJUNCTIVA and<br>SKIN; DYSARTHRIA; B- and T-cell immunodeficiency, and<br>RADIOSENSITIVITY to IONIZING RADIATION. Affected individuals are<br>prone to recurrent sinobronchopulmonary infections,<br>lymphoreticular neoplasms, and other malignancies. Serum ALPHA-<br>FETOPROTEINS are usually elevated. (Menkes, Textbook of Child<br>Neurology, 5th ed, p688) The gene for this disorder (ATM) encodes<br>a cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase and has been mapped to<br>chromosome 11 (11q22-q23).",""],["Bloom Syndrome",519,0.0,"D001816","C20.673.795.313",0,"Description: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by<br>telangiectatic ERYTHEMA of the face, photosensitivity, DWARFISM<br>and other abnormalities, and a predisposition toward developing<br>cancer. The Bloom syndrome gene (BLM) encodes a RecQ-like DNA<br>helicase.",""],["Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS",86320,1.3,"D020278","C20.111.258.250",10,"Description: Conditions characterized by loss or dysfunction of<br>myelin (see MYELIN SHEATH) in the brain, spinal cord, or optic<br>nerves secondary to autoimmune mediated processes. This may take<br>the form of a humoral or cellular immune response directed toward<br>myelin or OLIGODENDROGLIA associated autoantigens.",""],["Chediak-Higashi Syndrome",684,0.0,"D002609","C20.673.795.375",0,"Description: A form of phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction<br>characterized by unusual oculocutaneous albinism, high incidence<br>of lymphoreticular neoplasms, and recurrent pyogenic infections.<br>In many cell types, abnormal lysosomes are present leading to<br>defective pigment distribution and abnormal neutrophil functions.<br>The disease is transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance and<br>a similar disorder occurs in the beige mouse, the Aleutian mink,<br>and albino Hereford cattle.",""],["Conjunctivitis, Allergic",3315,0.0,"D003233","C20.543.480.200",0,"Description: Conjunctivitis due to hypersensitivity to various<br>allergens.",""],["Cryoglobulinemia",2925,0.0,"D003449","C20.683.780.250",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>abnormal quantities of CRYOGLOBULINS in the blood. Upon cold<br>exposure, these abnormal proteins precipitate into the<br>microvasculature leading to restricted blood flow in the exposed<br>areas.",""],["Drug Eruptions",21884,0.3,"D003875","C20.543.206.380",6,"Description: Adverse cutaneous reactions caused by ingestion,<br>parenteral use, or local application of a drug. These may assume<br>various morphologic patterns and produce various types of<br>lesions.",""],["Dermatitis, Atopic",21392,0.3,"D003876","C20.543.480.343",0,"Description: A chronic inflammatory genetically determined<br>disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin<br>(IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and<br>asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for<br>pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and<br>crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee.<br>In infants it is known as infantile eczema.",""],["Nervous System Autoimmune Disease, Experimental",12061,0.2,"D020721","C20.111.258.625",3,"Description: Experimental animal models for human AUTOIMMUNE<br>DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. They include GUILLAIN-BARRE<br>SYNDROME (see NEURITIS, AUTOIMMUNE, EXPERIMENTAL); MYASTHENIA<br>GRAVIS (see MYASTHENIA GRAVIS, AUTOIMMUNE, EXPERIMENTAL); and<br>MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (see ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, AUTOIMMUNE,<br>EXPERIMENTAL).",""],["Felty Syndrome",620,0.0,"D005258","C20.111.199.389",0,"Description: A rare complication of rheumatoid arthritis with<br>autoimmune NEUTROPENIA; and SPLENOMEGALY.",""],["Castleman Disease",3013,0.0,"D005871","C20.683.515.250",0,"Description: Large benign, hyperplastic lymph nodes. The more<br>common hyaline vascular subtype is characterized by small hyaline<br>vascular follicles and interfollicular capillary proliferations.<br>Plasma cells are often present and represent another subtype with<br>the plasma cells containing IgM and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A.",""],["Granulomatous Disease, Chronic",2875,0.0,"D006105","C20.673.774.535",0,"Description: A defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic<br>cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring<br>bacterial infections with granuloma formation. When chronic<br>granulomatous disease is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene,<br>the condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. When<br>chronic granulomatous disease is caused by CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or<br>NCF4 gene mutations, the condition is inherited in an autosomal<br>recessive pattern.",""],["Heavy Chain Disease",869,0.0,"D006362","C20.683.780.490",1,"Description: A disorder of immunoglobulin synthesis in which<br>large quantities of abnormal heavy chains are excreted in the<br>urine. The amino acid sequences of the N-(amino-) terminal<br>regions of these chains are normal, but they have a deletion<br>extending from part of the variable domain through the first<br>domain of the constant region, so that they cannot form cross-<br>links to the light chains. The defect arises through faulty<br>coupling of the variable (V) and constant (C) region genes.",""],["HIV Seropositivity",15688,0.2,"D006679","C20.673.480.500",0,"Description: Development of neutralizing antibodies in<br>individuals who have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency<br>virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV).",""],["Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy",1172,0.0,"D007119","C20.683.515.501",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by proliferation of<br>arborizing small vessels, prominent immunoblastic proliferations<br>and amorphous acidophilic interstitial material. Clinical<br>manifestations include fever, sweats, weight loss, generalized<br>lymphadenopathy and frequently hepatosplenomegaly.",""],["Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease",188,0.0,"D007161","C20.683.515.512",0,"Description: A condition that is caused by HYPERPLASIA of<br>LYMPHOCYTES in the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL) and the<br>mesenteric LYMPH NODES. These lymphocytes produce an anomalous<br>alpha heavy chain protein. Generally, these IPSID patients have<br>either concurrent LYMPHOMA or develop lymphoma within a few<br>years. The disease was first described in the Mediterranean<br>region and is characterized by malabsorption; WEIGHT LOSS;<br>DIARRHEA; and STEATORRHEA.",""],["Infectious Mononucleosis",6053,0.1,"D007244","C20.683.515.515",0,"Description: A common, acute infection usually caused by the<br>Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN). There is an increase<br>in mononuclear white blood cells and other atypical lymphocytes,<br>generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and occasionally<br>hepatomegaly with hepatitis.",""],["Job Syndrome",838,0.0,"D007589","C20.673.774.600",0,"Description: Primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by<br>recurrent infections and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Most cases<br>are sporadic. Of the rare familial forms, the dominantly<br>inherited subtype has additional connective tissue, dental and<br>skeletal involvement that the recessive type does not share.",""],["Job Syndrome",838,0.0,"D007589","C20.673.795.688",0,"Description: Primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by<br>recurrent infections and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Most cases<br>are sporadic. Of the rare familial forms, the dominantly<br>inherited subtype has additional connective tissue, dental and<br>skeletal involvement that the recessive type does not share.",""],["Leukemia, Hairy Cell",4024,0.1,"D007943","C20.683.515.517",0,"Description: A neoplastic disease of the lymphoreticular cells<br>which is considered to be a rare type of chronic leukemia; it is<br>characterized by an insidious onset, splenomegaly, anemia,<br>granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, little or no lymphadenopathy,<br>and the presence of \"hairy\" or \"flagellated\" cells in the blood<br>and bone marrow.",""],["Leukemia, Lymphoid",75018,1.1,"D007945","C20.683.515.528",14,"Description: Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid<br>tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant<br>LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.",""],["Mastocytosis, Systemic",1372,0.0,"D034721","C20.762.750.750",1,"Description: A group of disorders caused by the abnormal<br>proliferation of MAST CELLS in a variety of extracutaneous<br>tissues including bone marrow, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and<br>gastrointestinal tract. Systemic mastocytosis is commonly seen in<br>adults. These diseases are categorized on the basis of clinical<br>features, pathologic findings, and prognosis.",""],["Multiple Myeloma",42995,0.6,"D009101","C20.683.515.845",1,"Description: A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in<br>monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by<br>hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction,<br>bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Lupus Nephritis",6841,0.1,"D008181","C20.111.590.560",0,"Description: Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune<br>disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is<br>histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal<br>glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III -<br>focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse<br>glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous<br>glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing<br>glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification<br>1982).",""],["Lymphangiomyoma",1713,0.0,"D008203","C20.683.515.710",1,"Description: A tumorlike condition characterized by SMOOTH MUSCLE<br>and ENDOTHELIUM proliferation of LYMPHATIC VESSELS and LYMPH<br>NODES in the MEDIASTINUM and retroperitoneum, also in the lung.<br>It may be manifested by chylous PLEURAL EFFUSION and ASCITES.",""],["Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia",4668,0.1,"D008258","C20.683.780.925",0,"Description: A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by<br>pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased<br>levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is<br>lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often<br>other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical<br>features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.",""],["Marek Disease",1618,0.0,"D008380","C20.683.515.840",0,"Description: A transmissible viral disease of birds caused by<br>avian herpesvirus 2 (HERPESVIRUS 2, GALLID) and other MARDIVIRUS.<br>There is lymphoid cell infiltration or lymphomatous tumor<br>formation in the peripheral nerves and gonads, but may also<br>involve visceral organs, skin, muscle, and the eye.",""],["Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance",1313,0.0,"D008998","C20.683.460.640",0,"Description: Conditions characterized by the presence of M<br>protein (Monoclonal protein) in serum or urine without clinical<br>manifestations of plasma cell dyscrasia.",""],["Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance",1601,0.0,"D008998","C20.683.780.640",1,"Description: Conditions characterized by the presence of M<br>protein (Monoclonal protein) in serum or urine without clinical<br>manifestations of plasma cell dyscrasia.",""],["Multiple Myeloma",42008,0.6,"D009101","C20.683.780.650",0,"Description: A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in<br>monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by<br>hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction,<br>bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA;<br>HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.",""],["Myasthenia Gravis",16077,0.2,"D009157","C20.111.258.500",3,"Description: A disorder of neuromuscular transmission<br>characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal<br>muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or<br>muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies.<br>Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness<br>(fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia;<br>ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable<br>weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb<br>muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles<br>(ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this<br>condition.",""],["Plasmacytoma",6732,0.1,"D010954","C20.683.515.880",0,"Description: Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of<br>neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various<br>extramedullary sites.",""],["Dermatitis, Allergic Contact",12964,0.2,"D017449","C20.543.418.150",2,"Description: A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization<br>to various substances. These substances subsequently produce<br>inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired<br>hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.",""],["Polyradiculoneuropathy",11884,0.2,"D011129","C20.111.258.750",3,"Description: Diseases characterized by injury or dysfunction<br>involving multiple peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process<br>may primarily affect myelin or nerve axons. Two of the more<br>common demyelinating forms are acute inflammatory<br>polyradiculopathy (GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME) and<br>POLYRADICULONEUROPATHY, CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING.<br>Polyradiculoneuritis refers to inflammation of multiple<br>peripheral nerves and spinal nerve roots.",""],["IgA Vasculitis",4734,0.1,"D011695","C20.543.520.600",0,"Description: A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing<br>IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body,<br>including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical<br>symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL<br>HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in<br>children after acute upper respiratory infections.",""],["Mast-Cell Sarcoma",1133,0.0,"D012515","C20.762.750.375",0,"Description: A unifocal malignant tumor that consists of atypical<br>pathological MAST CELLS without systemic involvement. It causes<br>local destructive growth in organs other than in skin or bone<br>marrow.",""],["Serum Sickness",884,0.0,"D012713","C20.543.520.770",0,"Description: Immune complex disease caused by the administration<br>of foreign serum or serum proteins and characterized by fever,<br>lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, and urticaria. When they are<br>complexed to protein carriers, some drugs can also cause serum<br>sickness when they act as haptens inducing antibody responses.",""],["Sezary Syndrome",1506,0.0,"D012751","C20.683.515.920",0,"Description: A form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma manifested by<br>generalized exfoliative ERYTHRODERMA; PRURITUS; peripheral<br>lymphadenopathy, and abnormal hyperchromatic mononuclear<br>(cerebriform) cells in the skin, LYMPH NODES, and peripheral<br>blood (Sezary cells).",""],["Sjogren's Syndrome",12815,0.2,"D012859","C20.111.199.774",0,"Description: Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which<br>the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction<br>by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production<br>of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca<br>syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and<br>XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the<br>presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid<br>arthritis.",""],["Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",9581,0.1,"D020293","C20.111.258.962",2,"Description: Inflammation of blood vessels within the central<br>nervous system. Primary vasculitis is usually caused by<br>autoimmune or idiopathic factors, while secondary vasculitis is<br>caused by existing disease process. Clinical manifestations are<br>highly variable but include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; behavioral<br>alterations; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;<br>and BRAIN INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp856-61)",""],["Mastocytosis, Cutaneous",1734,0.0,"D034701","C20.762.750.563",2,"Description: Skin lesions due to abnormal infiltration of MAST<br>CELLS. Cutaneous mastocytosis is confined to the skin without the<br>involvement of other tissues or organs, and is mostly found in<br>children. The three major variants are: URTICARIA PIGMENTOSA;<br>diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis; and SOLITARY MASTOCYTOMA OF SKIN.",""],["Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome",1368,0.0,"D014607","C20.111.258.925",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by bilateral granulomatous<br>UVEITIS with IRITIS and secondary GLAUCOMA, premature ALOPECIA,<br>symmetrical VITILIGO, poliosis circumscripta (a strand of<br>depigmented hair), HEARING DISORDERS, and meningeal signs (neck<br>stiffness and headache). Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid<br>reveals a pattern consistent with MENINGITIS, ASEPTIC. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p748; Surv Ophthalmol 1995<br>Jan;39(4):265-292)",""],["Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis",7017,0.1,"D014890","C20.111.193.875",0,"Description: A multisystemic disease of a complex genetic<br>background. It is characterized by inflammation of the blood<br>vessels (VASCULITIS) leading to damage in any number of organs.<br>The common features include granulomatous inflammation of the<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT and KIDNEYS. Most patients have measurable<br>autoantibodies (ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES) against<br>MYELOBLASTIN.",""],["Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome",1182,0.0,"D014923","C20.673.627.900",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by ECZEMA; LYMPHOPENIA; and, recurrent pyogenic<br>infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically,<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels are low and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular<br>malignancies are common.",""],["Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome",1182,0.0,"D014923","C20.673.795.875",0,"Description: A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by ECZEMA; LYMPHOPENIA; and, recurrent pyogenic<br>infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically,<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels are low and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular<br>malignancies are common.",""],["Churg-Strauss Syndrome",2273,0.0,"D015267","C20.111.193.500",0,"Description: Widespread necrotizing angiitis with granulomas.<br>Pulmonary involvement is frequent. Asthma or other respiratory<br>infection may precede evidence of vasculitis. Eosinophilia and<br>lung involvement differentiate this disease from POLYARTERITIS<br>NODOSA.",""],["Tumor Lysis Syndrome",996,0.0,"D015275","C20.683.515.950",0,"Description: A syndrome resulting from cytotoxic therapy,<br>occurring generally in aggressive, rapidly proliferating<br>lymphoproliferative disorders. It is characterized by<br>combinations of hyperuricemia, lactic acidosis, hyperkalemia,<br>hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia.",""],["HTLV-I Infections",3735,0.1,"D015490","C20.673.483.470",0,"Description: Diseases caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1.",""],["HTLV-II Infections",842,0.0,"D015491","C20.673.483.480",0,"Description: Diseases caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 2.",""],["AIDS Dementia Complex",3529,0.1,"D015526","C20.673.480.070",0,"Description: A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED<br>IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired<br>concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA,<br>incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1<br>viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic<br>examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction,<br>perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and<br>multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr<br>6;332(14):934-40)",""],["AIDS-Associated Nephropathy",827,0.0,"D016263","C20.673.480.050",0,"Description: Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-<br>infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe<br>proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with<br>distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys,<br>and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct<br>from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of<br>kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.",""],["Severe Combined Immunodeficiency",4043,0.1,"D016511","C20.673.795.750",1,"Description: Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by<br>impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity,<br>leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. It is inherited as<br>an X-linked or autosomal recessive defect. Mutations occurring in<br>many different genes cause human Severe Combined Immunodeficiency<br>(SCID).",""],["Enzootic Bovine Leukosis",693,0.0,"D016583","C20.673.483.260",0,"Description: A lymphoid neoplastic disease in cattle caused by<br>the bovine leukemia virus. Enzootic bovine leukosis may take the<br>form of lymphosarcoma, malignant lymphoma, or leukemia but the<br>presence of malignant cells in the blood is not a consistent<br>finding.",""],["Still's Disease, Adult-Onset",1785,0.0,"D016706","C20.111.199.870",0,"Description: Systemic-onset rheumatoid arthritis in adults. It<br>differs from classical rheumatoid arthritis in that it is more<br>often marked by acute febrile onset, and generalized<br>lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly are more prominent.",""],["Stiff-Person Syndrome",836,0.0,"D016750","C20.111.258.850",0,"Description: A condition characterized by persistent spasms<br>(SPASM) involving multiple muscles, primarily in the lower limbs<br>and trunk. The illness tends to occur in the fourth to sixth<br>decade of life, presenting with intermittent spasms that become<br>continuous. Minor sensory stimuli, such as noise and light touch,<br>precipitate severe spasms. Spasms do not occur during sleep and<br>only rarely involve cranial muscles. Respiration may become<br>impaired in advanced cases. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1492; Neurology 1998 Jul;51(1):85-93)",""],["POEMS Syndrome",1203,0.0,"D016878","C20.683.780.750",0,"Description: A multisystemic disorder characterized by a<br>sensorimotor polyneuropathy (POLYNEUROPATHIES), organomegaly,<br>endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and pigmentary skin<br>changes. Other clinical features which may be present include<br>EDEMA; CACHEXIA; microangiopathic glomerulopathy; pulmonary<br>hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY); cutaneous necrosis;<br>THROMBOCYTOSIS; and POLYCYTHEMIA. This disorder is frequently<br>associated with osteosclerotic myeloma. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1335; Rev Med Interne<br>1997;18(7):553-62)",""],["AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections",17184,0.3,"D017088","C20.673.480.100",0,"Description: Opportunistic infections found in patients who test<br>positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common<br>include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma,<br>cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis,<br>and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium,<br>and Cytomegalovirus.",""],["IgA Deficiency",1250,0.0,"D017098","C20.673.430.500",0,"Description: A dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by a deficiency<br>of IMMUNOGLOBULIN A.",""],["IgG Deficiency",567,0.0,"D017099","C20.673.430.750",0,"Description: A dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by a deficiency<br>of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G.",""],["T-Lymphocytopenia, Idiopathic CD4-Positive",305,0.0,"D018344","C20.673.627.800",0,"Description: Reproducible depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes below 300<br>per cubic millimeter in the absence of HIV infection or other<br>known causes of immunodeficiency. This is a rare, heterogeneous<br>syndrome and does not appear to be caused by a transmissible<br>agent.",""],["Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous",2062,0.0,"D018366","C20.543.520.910",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by a vasculitic syndrome<br>associated with exposure to an antigen such as a drug, infectious<br>agent, or other foreign or endogenous substance. Its<br>pathophysiology includes immune complex deposition and a wide<br>range of skin lesions. Hypersensitivity or allergy is present in<br>some but not all cases.",""],["Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome",445,0.0,"D018370","C20.673.795.719",0,"Description: Rare, autosomal recessive disorder caused by<br>deficiency of the beta 2 integrin receptors (RECEPTORS,<br>LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION) comprising the CD11/CD18 family of<br>glycoproteins. The syndrome is characterized by abnormal<br>adhesion-dependent functions, especially defective tissue<br>emigration of neutrophils, leading to recurrent infection.",""],["Multiple Chemical Sensitivity",873,0.0,"D018777","C20.543.312.500",0,"Description: An acquired disorder characterized by recurrent<br>symptoms, referable to multiple organ systems, occurring in<br>response to demonstrable exposure to many chemically unrelated<br>compounds at doses below those established in the general<br>population to cause harmful effects. (Cullen MR. The worker with<br>multiple chemical sensitivities: an overview. Occup Med<br>1987;2(4):655-61)",""],["Sick Building Syndrome",556,0.0,"D018877","C20.543.312.750",0,"Description: A group of symptoms that are two- to three-fold more<br>common in those who work in large, energy-efficient buildings,<br>associated with an increased frequency of headaches, lethargy,<br>and dry skin. Clinical manifestations include hypersensitivity<br>pneumonitis (ALVEOLITIS, EXTRINSIC ALLERGIC); allergic rhinitis<br>(RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, PERENNIAL); ASTHMA; infections, skin<br>eruptions, and mucous membrane irritation syndromes. Current<br>usage tends to be less restrictive with regard to the type of<br>building and delineation of complaints. (From Segen, Dictionary<br>of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["HIV Enteropathy",108,0.0,"D019053","C20.673.480.480",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-<br>established DIARRHEA (greater than one month in duration) without<br>an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an<br>HIV-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or<br>indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. HIV enteropathy is<br>a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms<br>of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles<br>of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus<br>Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155)",""],["HIV Wasting Syndrome",436,0.0,"D019247","C20.673.480.520",0,"Description: Involuntary weight loss of greater than 10 percent<br>associated with intermittent or constant fever and chronic<br>diarrhea or fatigue for more than 30 days in the absence of a<br>defined cause other than HIV infection. A constant feature is<br>major muscle wasting with scattered myofiber degeneration. A<br>variety of etiologies, which vary among patients, contributes to<br>this syndrome. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,<br>13th ed, p1611).",""],["AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System",38,0.0,"D020943","C20.673.480.048",0,"Description: Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>SYNDROME or AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.",""],["Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System",1000,0.0,"D020945","C20.111.590.750",0,"Description: Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated<br>with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical manifestations may<br>include DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; HEMIPARESIS;<br>BLINDNESS; DYSPHASIA; and other neurological disorders.",""],["Mastocytoma",381,0.0,"D034801","C20.762.750.469",1,"Description: A solid tumor consisting of a dense infiltration of<br>MAST CELLS. It is generally benign.",""],["HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome",1111,0.0,"D039682","C20.673.480.400",0,"Description: Defective metabolism leading to fat maldistribution<br>in patients infected with HIV. The etiology appears to be<br>multifactorial and probably involves some combination of<br>infection-induced alterations in metabolism, direct effects of<br>antiretroviral therapy, and patient-related factors.",""],["Graves Ophthalmopathy",2850,0.0,"D049970","C20.111.555.500",0,"Description: An autoimmune disorder of the EYE, occurring in<br>patients with Graves disease. Subtypes include congestive<br>(inflammation of the orbital connective tissue), myopathic<br>(swelling and dysfunction of the extraocular muscles), and mixed<br>congestive-myopathic ophthalmopathy.",""],["Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome",249,0.0,"D053306","C20.673.430.250",1,"Description: A rare inherited immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by normal or elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels<br>with absence of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E. It results in a profound susceptibility to<br>BACTERIAL INFECTIONS and an increased susceptibility to<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS. Several subtypes of hyper-IgM<br>immunodeficiency syndrome exist depending upon the location of<br>genetic mutation.",""],["Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome",249,0.0,"D053306","C20.673.795.625",1,"Description: A rare inherited immunodeficiency syndrome<br>characterized by normal or elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels<br>with absence of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN E. It results in a profound susceptibility to<br>BACTERIAL INFECTIONS and an increased susceptibility to<br>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS. Several subtypes of hyper-IgM<br>immunodeficiency syndrome exist depending upon the location of<br>genetic mutation.",""],["Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency",228,0.0,"D054078","C20.683.460.319",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in<br>the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutations cholesterol<br>biosynthesis is disrupted and MEVALONIC ACID accumulates. It is<br>characterized by a range of symptoms, including dysmorphic<br>FACIES, psychomotor retardation, CATARACT, hepatosplenomegaly,<br>CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, elevated IMMUNOGLOBULIN D, and recurrent<br>febrile crises with FEVER; LYMPHADENOPATHY; ARTHRALGIA; EDEMA;<br>and rash.",""],["Macrophage Activation Syndrome",682,0.0,"D055501","C20.683.515.800",0,"Description: A serious complication of childhood systemic<br>inflammatory disorders that is thought to be caused by excessive<br>activation and proliferation of T-LYMPHOCYTES and MACROPHAGES. It<br>is seen predominantly in children with systemic onset JUVENILE<br>IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS.",""],["Microscopic Polyangiitis",602,0.0,"D055953","C20.111.193.750",0,"Description: A primary systemic vasculitis of small- and some<br>medium-sized vessels. It is characterized by a tropism for<br>kidneys and lungs, positive association with anti-neutrophil<br>cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), and a paucity of immunoglobulin<br>deposits in vessel walls.",""],["Asthma, Aspirin-Induced",486,0.0,"D055963","C20.543.206.189",0,"Description: Asthmatic adverse reaction (e.g.,<br>BRONCHOCONSTRICTION) to conventional NSAIDS including aspirin<br>use.",""],["Asthma, Aspirin-Induced",486,0.0,"D055963","C20.543.480.149",0,"Description: Asthmatic adverse reaction (e.g.,<br>BRONCHOCONSTRICTION) to conventional NSAIDS including aspirin<br>use.",""],["Rheumatoid Vasculitis",72,0.0,"D056653","C20.111.199.581",0,"Description: Necrotizing VASCULITIS of small and medium size<br>vessels, developing as a complication in RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS<br>patients. It is characterized by peripheral vascular lesions,<br>cutaneous ULCERS, peripheral GANGRENE, and MONONEURITIS<br>MULTIPLEX.",""],["Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome",304,0.0,"D056735","C20.683.515.124",0,"Description: Rare congenital lymphoid disorder due to mutations<br>in certain Fas-Fas ligand pathway genes. Known causes include<br>mutations in FAS, TNFSF6, NRAS, CASP8, and CASP10 proteins.<br>Clinical features include LYMPHADENOPATHY; SPLENOMEGALY; and<br>AUTOIMMUNITY.",""],["Eosinophilic Esophagitis",2578,0.0,"D057765","C20.543.480.356",0,"Description: Chronic ESOPHAGITIS characterized by esophageal<br>mucosal EOSINOPHILIA. It is diagnosed when an increase in<br>EOSINOPHILS are present over the entire esophagus. The reflux<br>symptoms fail to respond to PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS treatment,<br>unlike in GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE. The symptoms are<br>associated with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to food or inhalant<br>allergens.",""],["Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis",1538,0.0,"D060426","C20.111.258.124",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by symptoms of CATATONIA;<br>HYPOVENTILATION; DYSKINESIAS; ENCEPHALITIS; and SEIZURES followed<br>by a reduced CONSCIOUSNESS. It is often followed by a viral-like<br>prodrome. Many cases are self-limiting and respond well to<br>IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPIES against the NMDA RECEPTORS antibodies.",""],["Hypersensitivity, Immediate",260343,3.8,"D006969","C20.543.480",32,"Description: Hypersensitivity reactions which occur within<br>minutes of exposure to challenging antigen due to the release of<br>histamine which follows the antigen-antibody reaction and causes<br>smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability.",""],["Autoimmune Hypophysitis",174,0.0,"D000069281","C20.111.273",0,"Description: Immune-mediated inflammation of the PITUITARY GLAND<br>often associated with other autoimmune diseases (e.g., HASHIMOTO<br>DISEASE; GRAVES DISEASE; and ADDISON DISEASE).",""],["Lymphoproliferative Disorders",340605,5.0,"D008232","C20.683.515",57,"Description: Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid<br>tissue, general or unspecified.",""],["HIV Infections",321246,4.7,"D015658","C20.673.480",11,"Description: Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency<br>virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity,<br>thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency<br>syndrome (AIDS).",""],["Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults",159,0.0,"D000071698","C20.111.576",0,"Description: Autoimmune diabetes in adults with slowly<br>progressive PANCREATIC BETA CELL failure and the presence of<br>circulating autoantibodies to PANCREATIC ISLETS cell antigens.",""],["Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury",122,0.0,"D000073617","C20.920.500",0,"Description: A rare but serious transfusion-related reaction in<br>which fluid builds up in the lungs unrelated to excessively high<br>infusion rate and/or volume (TRANSFUSION-ASSOCIATED CIRCULATORY<br>OVERLOAD). Signs of Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury include<br>pulmonary secretions; hypotension; fever; DYSPNEA; TACHYPNEA;<br>TACHYCARDIA; and CYANOSIS.",""],["Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Diseases",104,0.0,"D000074079","C20.111.904",0,"Description: Diseases that exhibit signs and symptoms suggestive<br>of a connective tissue disease that do not fulfill clinical or<br>diagnostic criteria for any one defined disease but overlap with<br>criteria of multiple such diseases. Commonly overlapping diseases<br>include systemic autoimmune connective tissue diseases such as<br>RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; and SYSTEMIC<br>SCLEROSIS.",""],["Kounis Syndrome",172,0.0,"D000074962","C20.543.560",0,"Description: A disorder of cardiac function secondary to<br>hypersensitivity reactions. It is characterized by coexistence of<br>acute coronary syndromes and cardiac MAST CELL and PLATELET<br>ACTIVATION. It may be induced by exposure to drugs (e.g.,<br>antibiotics, anesthetics, contrast media), food, and<br>environmental triggers (e.g., insect bites and stings, poison<br>ivy).",""],["Hypergammaglobulinemia",4060,0.1,"D006942","C20.683.460",3,"Description: An excess of GAMMA-GLOBULINS in the serum due to<br>chronic infections or PARAPROTEINEMIAS.",""],["Paraproteinemias",58748,0.9,"D010265","C20.683.780",10,"Description: A group of related diseases characterized by an<br>unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation of immunoglobulin-<br>producing cells, usually from a single clone. These cells<br>frequently secrete a structurally homogeneous immunoglobulin<br>(M-component) and/or an abnormal immunoglobulin.",""],["Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease",1093,0.0,"D000077733","C20.111.572",0,"Description: A spectrum of systemic autoimmune diseases in which<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN G4 plays a pathophysiologic role. It can affect<br>multiple organs in highly variable presentations, characterized<br>by inflammatory lesions composed of IgG4-positive PLASMA CELLS,<br>further infiltrated by T helper cells (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-<br>INDUCER) when linked to progressive FIBROSIS and eventual organ<br>damage.",""],["Birdshot Chorioretinopathy",26,0.0,"D000080365","C20.111.303",0,"Description: A form of chorioretinitis characterized by multiple<br>small, cream-colored LESIONS, symmetrically scattered mainly<br>around the OPTIC DISK. These lesions are the most distinctive<br>sign and often appear at the level of the RETINAL PIGMENT<br>EPITHELIUM but, on occasion, suggest an even deeper infiltration<br>and may ultimately lead to visual loss. An association with<br>HLA-A29 antigen (see HLA-A ANTIGENS) has been observed in nearly<br>all patients.",""],["Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome",49,0.0,"D000080445","C20.543.103",0,"Description: Syndrome with clinical features of both ASTHMA and<br>COPD.",""],["Autoimmune Pancreatitis",199,0.0,"D000081012","C20.111.296",0,"Description: Chronic pancreatitis associated with autoimmune<br>diseases.",""],["Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases",12899,0.2,"D000081207","C20.673.795",12,"Description: Genetic immunologic deficiency diseases and<br>syndromes due to mutations in genes involved in IMMUNITY<br>generally characterized by an increased susceptibility to<br>infectious diseases. They are often associated with AUTOIMMUNE<br>DISEASE manifestations.",""],["Mast Cell Activation Syndrome",14,0.0,"D000090267","C20.762.500",0,"Description: A clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of<br>mast cell disorders in which there is aberrant release of mast<br>cell mediators with little to no accompanying proliferation of<br>MAST CELLS.",""],["Addison Disease",3951,0.1,"D000224","C20.111.163",0,"Description: An adrenal disease characterized by the progressive<br>destruction of the ADRENAL CORTEX, resulting in insufficient<br>production of ALDOSTERONE and HYDROCORTISONE. Clinical symptoms<br>include ANOREXIA; NAUSEA; WEIGHT LOSS; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; and<br>HYPERPIGMENTATION of the SKIN due to increase in circulating<br>levels of ACTH precursor hormone which stimulates MELANOCYTES.",""],["Agammaglobulinemia",4945,0.1,"D000361","C20.673.088",0,"Description: An immunologic deficiency state characterized by an<br>extremely low level of generally all classes of gamma-globulin in<br>the blood.",""],["Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction",5144,0.1,"D010585","C20.673.774",4,"Description: Disorders in which phagocytic cells cannot kill<br>ingested bacteria; characterized by frequent recurring infection<br>with formulation of granulomas.",""],["Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune",5520,0.1,"D000744","C20.111.175",0,"Description: Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of<br>AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED<br>BLOOD CELLS.",""],["Arthritis, Juvenile",10866,0.2,"D001171","C20.111.198",0,"Description: Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of<br>age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile<br>idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for<br>chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile<br>arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive)<br>clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered<br>its childhood equivalent.",""],["Arthritis, Rheumatoid",111273,1.6,"D001172","C20.111.199",4,"Description: A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints,<br>marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and<br>articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the<br>collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and<br>rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but<br>autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.",""],["Immune Complex Diseases",9943,0.1,"D007105","C20.543.520",4,"Description: Group of diseases mediated by the deposition of<br>large soluble complexes of antigen and antibody with resultant<br>damage to tissue. Besides SERUM SICKNESS and the ARTHUS REACTION,<br>evidence supports a pathogenic role for immune complexes in many<br>other IMMUNE SYSTEM DISEASES including GLOMERULONEPHRITIS,<br>systemic lupus erythematosus (LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC) and<br>POLYARTERITIS NODOSA.",""],["Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System",141238,2.1,"D020274","C20.111.258",29,"Description: Disorders caused by cellular or humoral immune<br>responses primarily directed towards nervous system autoantigens.<br>The immune response may be directed towards specific tissue<br>components (e.g., myelin) and may be limited to the central<br>nervous system (e.g., MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS) or the peripheral<br>nervous system (e.g., GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME).",""],["Dermatitis Herpetiformis",2338,0.0,"D003874","C20.111.318",0,"Description: Rare, chronic, papulo-vesicular disease<br>characterized by an intensely pruritic eruption consisting of<br>various combinations of symmetrical, erythematous, papular,<br>vesicular, or bullous lesions. The disease is strongly associated<br>with the presence of HLA-B8 and HLA-DR3 antigens. A variety of<br>different autoantibodies has been detected in small numbers in<br>patients with dermatitis herpetiformis.",""],["Drug Hypersensitivity",41041,0.6,"D004342","C20.543.206",8,"Description: Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to<br>medicinal substances used legally or illegally.",""],["Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1",75917,1.1,"D003922","C20.111.327",0,"Description: A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized<br>by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of<br>severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS,<br>and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at<br>any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.",""],["Dysgammaglobulinemia",3165,0.0,"D004406","C20.673.430",4,"Description: An immunologic deficiency state characterized by<br>selective deficiencies of one or more, but not all, classes of<br>immunoglobulins.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, IGA",6831,0.1,"D005922","C20.111.525",0,"Description: A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized<br>by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial<br>area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may<br>progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE.",""],["Graves Disease",15951,0.2,"D006111","C20.111.555",1,"Description: A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse<br>hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces<br>antibodies against the THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR.<br>These autoantibodies activate the TSH receptor, thereby<br>stimulating the THYROID GLAND and hypersecretion of THYROID<br>HORMONES. These autoantibodies can also affect the eyes (GRAVES<br>OPHTHALMOPATHY) and the skin (Graves dermopathy).",""],["Deltaretrovirus Infections",6184,0.1,"D006800","C20.673.483",3,"Description: Infections caused by the HTLV or BLV<br>deltaretroviruses. They include human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma<br>(LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, ACUTE, HTLV-I-ASSOCIATED).",""],["Hypersensitivity, Delayed",21210,0.3,"D006968","C20.543.418",3,"Description: An increased reactivity to specific antigens<br>mediated not by antibodies but by cells.",""],["Kernicterus",1034,0.0,"D007647","C20.306.502",0,"Description: A term used pathologically to describe BILIRUBIN<br>staining of the BASAL GANGLIA; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM and<br>clinically to describe a syndrome associated with<br>HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Clinical features include athetosis, MUSCLE<br>SPASTICITY or hypotonia, impaired vertical gaze, and DEAFNESS.<br>Nonconjugated bilirubin enters the brain and acts as a<br>neurotoxin, often in association with conditions that impair the<br>BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER (e.g., SEPSIS). This condition occurs<br>primarily in neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN), but may rarely occur in<br>adults. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p613)",""],["Mastocytosis",6422,0.1,"D008415","C20.762.750",8,"Description: A rare neoplastic disorder characterized by a clonal<br>proliferation of MAST CELLS, associated with KIT-D816 mutations,<br>and accompanied by aberrant mast cell activation. The abnormal<br>increase of MAST CELLS may occur in only the skin (MASTOCYTOSIS,<br>CUTANEOUS), in extracutaneous tissues involving multiple organs<br>(MASTOCYTOSIS, SYSTEMIC), or in solid tumors (MASTOCYTOMA).",""],["Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic",61172,0.9,"D008180","C20.111.590",2,"Description: A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often<br>febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue,<br>characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints,<br>kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is<br>thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of<br>the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of<br>system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate,<br>and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.",""],["Lymphopenia",3730,0.1,"D008231","C20.673.627",2,"Description: Reduction in the number of lymphocytes.",""],["Ophthalmia, Sympathetic",723,0.0,"D009879","C20.111.709",0,"Description: Granulomatous uveitis which follows in one eye after<br>a penetrating injury to the other eye; the secondarily affected<br>eye is called the sympathizing eye, and the injured eye is called<br>the exciting or activating eye.",""],["Pemphigoid, Bullous",4060,0.1,"D010391","C20.111.730",0,"Description: A chronic and relatively benign subepidermal<br>blistering disease usually of the elderly and without<br>histopathologic acantholysis.",""],["Pemphigus",8371,0.1,"D010392","C20.111.736",0,"Description: Group of chronic blistering diseases characterized<br>histologically by ACANTHOLYSIS and blister formation within the<br>EPIDERMIS.",""],["Thyroiditis, Autoimmune",5474,0.1,"D013967","C20.111.809",0,"Description: Inflammatory disease of the THYROID GLAND due to<br>autoimmune responses leading to lymphocytic infiltration of the<br>gland. It is characterized by the presence of circulating thyroid<br>antigen-specific T-CELLS and thyroid AUTOANTIBODIES. The clinical<br>signs can range from HYPOTHYROIDISM to THYROTOXICOSIS depending<br>on the type of autoimmune thyroiditis.",""],["Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis",12534,0.2,"D056648","C20.111.193",3,"Description: Group of systemic vasculitis with a strong<br>association with ANCA. The disorders are characterized by<br>necrotizing inflammation of small and medium size vessels, with<br>little or no immune-complex deposits in vessel walls.",""],["Wissler's Syndrome",170,0.0,"D014924","C20.543.928",0,"Description: A rheumatic syndrome of possibly allergic origin,<br>usually affecting children and adolescents, and characterized by<br>high fever, exanthema, arthralgia, leukocytosis, and increased<br>sedimentation rate.",""],["Hydrops Fetalis",1822,0.0,"D015160","C20.306.480",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more<br>fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA;<br>PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-<br>immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of<br>ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, Membranous",3519,0.1,"D015433","C20.111.535",0,"Description: A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized<br>by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE<br>ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT<br>MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to<br>basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the<br>basement membrane.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic",7621,0.1,"D016553","C20.111.759",0,"Description: Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic<br>exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is<br>mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo<br>destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute<br>(affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic",7621,0.1,"D016553","C20.841.600",0,"Description: Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic<br>exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is<br>mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo<br>destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute<br>(affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.",""],["Antiphospholipid Syndrome",8882,0.1,"D016736","C20.111.197",0,"Description: The presence of antibodies directed against<br>phospholipids (ANTIBODIES, ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID). The condition is<br>associated with a variety of diseases, notably systemic lupus<br>erythematosus and other connective tissue diseases, thrombopenia,<br>and arterial or venous thromboses. In pregnancy it can cause<br>abortion. Of the phospholipids, the cardiolipins show markedly<br>elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibodies (ANTIBODIES,<br>ANTICARDIOLIPIN). Present also are high levels of lupus<br>anticoagulant (LUPUS COAGULATION INHIBITOR).",""],["Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune",1471,0.0,"D016884","C20.111.750",0,"Description: Autoimmune diseases affecting multiple endocrine<br>organs. Type I is characterized by childhood onset and chronic<br>mucocutaneous candidiasis (CANDIDIASIS, CHRONIC MUCOCUTANEOUS),<br>while type II exhibits any combination of adrenal insufficiency<br>(ADDISON'S DISEASE), lymphocytic thyroiditis (THYROIDITIS,<br>AUTOIMMUNE;), HYPOPARATHYROIDISM; and gonadal failure. In both<br>types organ-specific ANTIBODIES against a variety of ENDOCRINE<br>GLANDS have been detected. The type II syndrome differs from type<br>I in that it is associated with HLA-A1 and B8 haplotypes, onset<br>is usually in adulthood, and candidiasis is not present.",""],["Common Variable Immunodeficiency",2606,0.0,"D017074","C20.673.330",0,"Description: Heterogeneous group of immunodeficiency syndromes<br>characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia of most isotypes, variable<br>B-cell defects, and the presence of recurrent bacterial<br>infections.",""],["Environmental Illness",2618,0.0,"D018876","C20.543.312",2,"Description: A polysymptomatic condition believed by clinical<br>ecologists to result from immune dysregulation induced by common<br>foods, allergens, and chemicals, resulting in various physical<br>and mental disorders. The medical community has remained largely<br>skeptical of the existence of this \"disease\", given the plethora<br>of symptoms attributed to environmental illness, the lack of<br>reproducible laboratory abnormalities, and the use of unproven<br>therapies to treat the condition. (From Segen, Dictionary of<br>Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Hepatitis, Autoimmune",4365,0.1,"D019693","C20.111.567",0,"Description: A chronic self-perpetuating hepatocellular<br>INFLAMMATION of unknown cause, usually with<br>HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA and serum AUTOANTIBODIES.",""],["Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease",1817,0.0,"D019867","C20.111.190",0,"Description: An autoimmune disease of the KIDNEY and the LUNG. It<br>is characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies<br>targeting the epitopes in the non-collagenous domains of COLLAGEN<br>TYPE IV in the basement membranes of kidney glomeruli (KIDNEY<br>GLOMERULUS) and lung alveoli (PULMONARY ALVEOLI), and the<br>subsequent destruction of these basement membranes. Clinical<br>features include pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage and<br>glomerulonephritis.",""],["Latex Hypersensitivity",1756,0.0,"D020315","C20.543.600",0,"Description: Allergic reaction to products containing processed<br>natural rubber latex such as rubber gloves, condoms, catheters,<br>dental dams, balloons, and sporting equipment. Both T-cell<br>mediated (HYPERSENSITIVITY, DELAYED) and IgE antibody-mediated<br>(HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE) allergic responses are possible.<br>Delayed hypersensitivity results from exposure to antioxidants<br>present in the rubber; immediate hypersensitivity results from<br>exposure to a latex protein.",""],["Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome",304,0.0,"D056735","C20.111.288",0,"Description: Rare congenital lymphoid disorder due to mutations<br>in certain Fas-Fas ligand pathway genes. Known causes include<br>mutations in FAS, TNFSF6, NRAS, CASP8, and CASP10 proteins.<br>Clinical features include LYMPHADENOPATHY; SPLENOMEGALY; and<br>AUTOIMMUNITY.",""],["Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis",233,0.0,"D062027","C20.111.585",0,"Description: Autoimmune disease characterized by subepidermal<br>blisters and linear deposition of autoantibodies at the<br>dermoepidermal junction. The accumulated autoantibodies are of<br>IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and occasionally IMMUNOGLOBULIN G classes<br>against epidermal BASEMENT MEMBRANE proteins. The dermatosis is<br>sometimes associated with malignancies and use of certain drugs<br>(e.g., VANCOMYCIN).",""],["Hypersensitivity",379927,5.5,"D006967","C20.543",58,"Description: Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result<br>in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that<br>particular antigen.",""],["Autoimmune Diseases",538308,7.9,"D001327","C20.111",68,"Description: Disorders that are characterized by the production<br>of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector<br>cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.",""],["Immunoproliferative Disorders",403486,5.9,"D007160","C20.683",73,"Description: Disorders characterized by abnormal proliferation of<br>primary cells of the immune system or by excessive production of<br>immunoglobulins.",""],["Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes",372019,5.4,"D007153","C20.673",44,"Description: Syndromes in which there is a deficiency or defect<br>in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral.",""],["Transfusion Reaction",9937,0.1,"D065227","C20.920",1,"Description: Complications of BLOOD TRANSFUSION. Included adverse<br>reactions are common allergic and febrile reactions; hemolytic<br>(delayed and acute) reactions; and other non-hemolytic adverse<br>reactions such as infections and adverse immune reactions related<br>to immunocompatibility.",""],["Mast Cell Activation Disorders",6441,0.1,"D000090362","C20.762",10,"Description: A spectrum of primary, secondary, and idiopathic<br>disorders involving MAST CELLS and characterized by an aberrant<br>release of mast cell mediators which result in multiple and<br>variable inflammatory and allergic symptoms. These disorders are<br>associated with various mutations in tyrosine kinase KIT (PROTO-<br>ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT) and other genes, underlying conditions,<br>and responses to allergic or non-allergic triggers of mast cell<br>stimulation and degranulation such as local anesthetics, lactam<br>antibiotics, muscle relaxants, specific foods, environmental<br>toxins, physical conditions such as vibration, cold, pressure,<br>and stress.",""],["Erythroblastosis, Fetal",10097,0.1,"D004899","C20.306",2,"Description: A condition characterized by the abnormal presence<br>of ERYTHROBLASTS in the circulation of the FETUS or NEWBORNS. It<br>is a disorder due to BLOOD GROUP INCOMPATIBILITY, such as the<br>maternal alloimmunization by fetal antigen RH FACTORS leading to<br>HEMOLYSIS of ERYTHROCYTES, hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC),<br>general edema (HYDROPS FETALIS), and SEVERE JAUNDICE IN NEWBORN.",""],["Graft vs Host Disease",16370,0.2,"D006086","C20.452",0,"Description: The clinical entity characterized by anorexia,<br>diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth<br>retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS<br>HOST REACTION.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic",12911,0.2,"D011696","C20.841",1,"Description: Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is<br>decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological<br>mechanisms.",""],["Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative",2292,0.0,"D015432","C20.425",0,"Description: Chronic glomerulonephritis characterized<br>histologically by proliferation of MESANGIAL CELLS, increase in<br>the MESANGIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a thickening of the<br>glomerular capillary walls. This may appear as a primary disorder<br>or secondary to other diseases including infections and<br>autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Various subtypes<br>are classified by their abnormal ultrastructures and immune<br>deposits. Hypocomplementemia is a characteristic feature of all<br>types of MPGN.",""],["Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome",1168,0.0,"D054019","C20.608",0,"Description: Exuberant inflammatory response towards a previously<br>acquired or undiagnosed opportunistic infection. It is frequently<br>seen in AIDS patients following antiretroviral treatment.",""],["Immune System Diseases",1764293,25.7,"D007154","C20",268,"Description: Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic<br>mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated, or both.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Reticulosis","Plasmablastic Lymphoma","Mycosis Fungoides","Sezary Syndrome","Lymphomatoid Papulosis","Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell","Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse","Burkitt Lymphoma","Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis","Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous","Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral","Lymphoma, AIDS-Related","Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic","Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone","Lymphoma, Primary Effusion","Hereditary Angioedema Type III","Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II","Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma","Lymphoma, B-Cell","Asthma, Exercise-Induced","Bird Fancier's Lung","Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic","Farmer's Lung","Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal","Lymphoma, Follicular","Lymphoma, T-Cell","Neuromyelitis Optica","Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial","Status Asthmaticus","Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell","Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma","Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell","Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic","Miller Fisher Syndrome","Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell","Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive","Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","Peanut Hypersensitivity","Nut Hypersensitivity","Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic","Angioedemas, Hereditary","Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell","Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell","Asthma, Occupational","Trichosporonosis","Shellfish Hypersensitivity","Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin","Nut and Peanut Hypersensitivity","Chronic Urticaria","Aleutian Mink Disease","Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic","Angioedema","Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary","Asthma","Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder","Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated","Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental","Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic","Erythema Nodosum","Rhinitis, Allergic","Hodgkin Disease","Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease","Leukemia, Mast-Cell","Leukemia, Plasma 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Preconception injuries may involve<br>either the male or the female, such as chromosomal mutations in<br>the OVA or the SPERMATOZOA.",""],["Disorders of Environmental Origin",2644,39.4,"D007280","C21",4,"Description: Disorders caused by external forces rather than by<br>physiologic dysfunction or by pathogens.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: %{customdata[5]}<br>--<br>%{customdata[6]}%{customdata[7]}<extra></extra>","ids":["C21.223.500","C21.223.750","C21.223","C21.676","C21"],"labels":["Multiple Chemical Sensitivity","Sick Building Syndrome","Environmental Illness","Preconception Injuries","Disorders of Environmental Origin"],"marker":{"colors":["#553C4E","#413C52","#C13C35","#F5F5F6","#C33D35"],"colorscale":[[0.0,"rgb(103,0,31)"],[0.1,"rgb(178,24,43)"],[0.2,"rgb(214,96,77)"],[0.3,"rgb(244,165,130)"],[0.4,"rgb(253,219,199)"],[0.5,"rgb(247,247,247)"],[0.6,"rgb(209,229,240)"],[0.7,"rgb(146,197,222)"],[0.8,"rgb(67,147,195)"],[0.9,"rgb(33,102,172)"],[1.0,"rgb(5,48,97)"]],"line":{"color":"rgba(0,0,0,0.25)","width":1.0}},"parents":["C21.223","C21.223","C21","C21",""],"values":[873,556,1189,26,1.000001337],"visible":"legendonly","type":"sunburst"},{"branchvalues":"remainder","customdata":[["Babesiosis",4153,0.4,"D001404","C22.674.710.122",0,"Description: A group of tick-borne diseases of mammals including<br>ZOONOSES in humans. They are caused by protozoa of the genus<br>BABESIA, which parasitize erythrocytes, producing hemolysis. In<br>the U.S., the organism's natural host is mice and transmission is<br>by the deer tick IXODES SCAPULARIS.",""],["Cryptosporidiosis",5504,0.5,"D003457","C22.674.710.235",0,"Description: Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus<br>CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms<br>include severe DIARRHEA.",""],["Dictyocaulus Infections",528,0.0,"D004022","C22.674.377.315",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus DICTYOCAULUS.<br>In deer, cattle, sheep, and horses the bronchi are the site of<br>infestation.",""],["Dirofilariasis",2571,0.2,"D004184","C22.674.377.320",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus DIROFILARIA,<br>usually in animals, especially dogs, but occasionally in man.",""],["Dourine",58,0.0,"D004313","C22.674.710.367",0,"Description: A disease of horses and donkeys caused by<br>Trypanosoma equiperdum. The disease occurs in Africa, the<br>Americas, and Asia.",""],["Enteritis, Transmissible, of Turkeys",86,0.0,"D004753","C22.131.728.250",0,"Description: An acute, highly contagious virus disease of turkeys<br>characterized by chilling, anorexia, decreased water intake,<br>diarrhea, dehydration and weight loss. The infectious agent is a<br>CORONAVIRUS.",""],["Fascioloidiasis",67,0.0,"D005213","C22.674.377.444",0,"Description: Infection of cattle and other herbivores with the<br>giant liver fluke Fascioloides magna. It is characterized by<br>extensive destruction of the liver parenchyma.",""],["Hepatitis, Infectious Canine",119,0.0,"D006522","C22.467.435.442",0,"Description: A contagious disease caused by canine adenovirus<br>(ADENOVIRUSES, CANINE) infecting the LIVER, the EYE, the KIDNEY,<br>and other organs in dogs, other canids, and bears. Symptoms<br>include FEVER; EDEMA; VOMITING; and DIARRHEA.",""],["Marburg Virus Disease",467,0.0,"D008379","C22.735.500.500",0,"Description: An RNA virus infection of rhesus, vervet, and<br>squirrel monkeys transmissible to man.",""],["Monieziasis",72,0.0,"D008989","C22.674.377.656",0,"Description: Infection of ruminants with tapeworms of the genus<br>Moniezia.",""],["Rift Valley Fever",1265,0.1,"D012295","C22.467.435.812",0,"Description: An acute infection caused by the RIFT VALLEY FEVER<br>VIRUS, an RNA arthropod-borne virus, affecting domestic animals<br>and humans. In animals, symptoms include HEPATITIS; abortion<br>(ABORTION, VETERINARY); and DEATH. In humans, symptoms range from<br>those of a flu-like disease to hemorrhagic fever, ENCEPHALITIS,<br>or BLINDNESS.",""],["Setariasis",87,0.0,"D012719","C22.674.377.820",0,"Description: Infection with nematodes of the genus Setaria. This<br>condition is usually seen in cattle and equines and is of little<br>pathogenic significance, although migration of the worm to the<br>eye may lead to blindness.",""],["Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic",335,0.0,"D012766","C22.196.090.600",0,"Description: Bovine respiratory disease found in animals that<br>have been shipped or exposed to CATTLE recently transported. The<br>major agent responsible for the disease is MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA<br>and less commonly, PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA or HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS.<br>All three agents are normal inhabitants of the bovine nasal<br>pharyngeal mucosa but not the LUNG. They are considered<br>opportunistic pathogens following STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL and/or a<br>viral infection. The resulting bacterial fibrinous<br>BRONCHOPNEUMONIA is often fatal.",""],["Strongyle Infections, Equine",479,0.0,"D013319","C22.674.377.840",0,"Description: Infection of horses with parasitic nematodes of the<br>superfamily STRONGYLOIDEA. Characteristics include the<br>development of hemorrhagic nodules on the abdominal peritoneum.",""],["Theileriasis",2024,0.2,"D013801","C22.674.710.735",0,"Description: Infection of cattle, sheep, or goats with protozoa<br>of the genus THEILERIA. This infection results in an acute or<br>chronic febrile condition.",""],["Toxocariasis",1979,0.2,"D014120","C22.674.377.868",0,"Description: Infection by round worms of the genus TOXOCARA,<br>usually found in wild and domesticated cats and dogs and foxes,<br>except for the larvae, which may produce visceral and ocular<br>larva migrans in man.",""],["Toxoplasmosis, Animal",5173,0.5,"D014124","C22.674.710.817",0,"Description: Acquired infection of non-human animals by organisms<br>of the genus TOXOPLASMA.",""],["Trypanosomiasis, Bovine",904,0.1,"D014354","C22.674.710.896",0,"Description: Infection in cattle caused by various species of<br>trypanosomes.",""],["Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",4328,0.4,"D016097","C22.735.500.850",0,"Description: Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs<br>naturally in macaques infected with SRV serotypes, experimentally<br>in monkeys inoculated with SRV or MASON-PFIZER MONKEY VIRUS;<br>(MPMV), or in monkeys infected with SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY<br>VIRUS.",""],["Poult Enteritis Mortality Syndrome",17,0.0,"D031261","C22.131.728.650",0,"Description: An acute, transmissible, infectious disease<br>associated with high MORTALITY and MORBIDITY in young turkeys<br>(poults). It is characterized by DIARRHEA; ANOREXIA; growth<br>depression, and immune dysfunction. The cause is unknown but<br>astroviruses (AVASTROVIRUS) and coronaviruses (CORONAVIRUS,<br>TURKEY) have been isolated from diseased poults and are thought<br>to cause the enteritis and increased susceptibility to bacterial<br>infections.",""],["Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic",44,0.0,"D048089","C22.196.090.675",0,"Description: Chronic endemic respiratory disease of dairy calves<br>and an important component of bovine respiratory disease complex.<br>It primarily affects calves up to six months of age and the<br>etiology is multifactorial. Stress plus a primary viral infection<br>is followed by a secondary bacterial infection. The latter is<br>most commonly associated with PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA producing a<br>purulent BRONCHOPNEUMONIA. Sometimes present are MANNHEIMIA<br>HAEMOLYTICA; HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS and mycoplasma species.",""],["Viral Zoonoses",126,0.0,"D000086965","C22.969.500",0,"Description: Viral infections that may be transmitted between<br>non-human animals and HUMANS.",""],["Bacterial Zoonoses",62,0.0,"D000086966","C22.969.250",0,"Description: Bacterial infections that may be transmitted between<br>non-human animals and HUMANS.",""],["African Horse Sickness",331,0.0,"D000355","C22.488.088",0,"Description: An insect-borne reovirus infection of horses, mules<br>and donkeys in Africa and the Middle East; characterized by<br>pulmonary edema, cardiac involvement, and edema of the head and<br>neck.",""],["African Swine Fever",1199,0.1,"D000357","C22.905.072",0,"Description: A sometimes fatal ASFIVIRUS infection of pigs,<br>characterized by fever, cough, diarrhea, hemorrhagic lymph nodes,<br>and edema of the gallbladder. It is transmitted between domestic<br>swine by direct contact, ingestion of infected meat, or fomites,<br>or mechanically by biting flies or soft ticks (genus<br>Ornithodoros).",""],["Avian Leukosis",1162,0.1,"D001353","C22.131.094",0,"Description: A group of transmissible viral diseases of chickens<br>and turkeys. Liver tumors are found in most forms, but tumors can<br>be found elsewhere.",""],["Sarcoma, Avian",864,0.1,"D001357","C22.131.800",0,"Description: Connective tissue tumors, affecting primarily fowl,<br>that are usually caused by avian sarcoma viruses.",""],["Protozoan Infections, Animal",20631,1.9,"D011529","C22.674.710",6,"Description: Infections with unicellular organisms formerly<br>members of the subkingdom Protozoa. The infections may be<br>experimental or veterinary.",""],["Bluetongue",1587,0.1,"D001819","C22.836.120",0,"Description: A reovirus infection, chiefly of sheep,<br>characterized by a swollen blue tongue, catarrhal inflammation of<br>upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, and often by<br>inflammation of sensitive laminae of the feet and coronet.",""],["Border Disease",182,0.0,"D001882","C22.836.160",0,"Description: Congenital disorder of lambs caused by a virus<br>closely related to or identical with certain strains of bovine<br>viral diarrhea virus.",""],["Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease",2009,0.2,"D001912","C22.196.106",0,"Description: Acute disease of cattle caused by the bovine viral<br>diarrhea viruses (DIARRHEA VIRUSES, BOVINE VIRAL). Often mouth<br>ulcerations are the only sign but fever, diarrhea, drop in milk<br>yield, and loss of appetite are also seen. Severity of clinical<br>disease varies and is strain dependent. Outbreaks are<br>characterized by low morbidity and high mortality.",""],["Brucellosis, Bovine",1652,0.1,"D002007","C22.021.322",0,"Description: A disease of cattle caused by bacteria of the genus<br>BRUCELLA leading to abortion in late pregnancy. BRUCELLA ABORTUS<br>is the primary infective agent.",""],["Brucellosis, Bovine",1652,0.1,"D002007","C22.196.148",0,"Description: A disease of cattle caused by bacteria of the genus<br>BRUCELLA leading to abortion in late pregnancy. BRUCELLA ABORTUS<br>is the primary infective agent.",""],["Helminthiasis, Animal",8769,0.8,"D006374","C22.674.377",7,"Description: Infestation of animals with parasitic worms of the<br>helminth class. The infestation may be experimental or<br>veterinary.",""],["Distemper",1402,0.1,"D004216","C22.268.265",0,"Description: A name for several highly contagious viral diseases<br>of animals, especially canine distemper. In dogs, it is caused by<br>the canine distemper virus (DISTEMPER VIRUS, CANINE). It is<br>characterized by a diphasic fever, leukopenia, gastrointestinal<br>and respiratory inflammation and sometimes, neurologic<br>complications. In cats it is known as FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA.",""],["Ecthyma, Contagious",624,0.1,"D004474","C22.836.259",0,"Description: An infectious dermatitis of sheep and goats,<br>affecting primarily the muzzle and lips. It is caused by a<br>poxvirus and may be transmitted to man.",""],["Ectromelia, Infectious",309,0.0,"D004482","C22.795.239",0,"Description: A viral infection of mice, causing edema and<br>necrosis followed by limb loss.",""],["Edema Disease of Swine",161,0.0,"D004488","C22.905.260",0,"Description: An acute disease of young pigs that is usually<br>associated with weaning. It is characterized clinically by<br>paresis and subcutaneous edema.",""],["Encephalomyelitis, Enzootic Porcine",79,0.0,"D004682","C22.905.323",0,"Description: A picornavirus infection producing symptoms similar<br>to poliomyelitis in pigs.",""],["Poultry Diseases",23985,2.2,"D011201","C22.131.728",2,"Description: Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of<br>meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in<br>barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from<br>BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered<br>poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.",""],["Ephemeral Fever",217,0.0,"D004810","C22.196.274",0,"Description: An Ephemerovirus infection of cattle caused by<br>bovine ephemeral fever virus (EPHEMERAL FEVER VIRUS, BOVINE). It<br>is characterized by respiratory symptoms, increased oropharyngeal<br>secretions and lacrimation, joint pains, tremor, and stiffness.",""],["Epidermitis, Exudative, of Swine",54,0.0,"D004818","C22.905.382",0,"Description: An acute generalized dermatitis of pigs which occurs<br>from 5 to 35 days of age, characterized by sudden onset, with<br>morbidity of 10 to 90% and mortality of 5 to 90%. The lesions are<br>caused by Staphylococcus hyos but the bacterial agent is unable<br>to penetrate the intact skin. Abrasions on the feet and legs or<br>lacerations on the body frequently precede infection. In acute<br>cases, a vesicular-type virus may be the predisposing factor. The<br>causative organism is inhibited by most antibiotics. (Merck<br>Veterinary Manual, 5th ed)",""],["Equine Infectious Anemia",568,0.1,"D004859","C22.488.304",0,"Description: Viral disease of horses caused by the equine<br>infectious anemia virus (EIAV; INFECTIOUS ANEMIA VIRUS, EQUINE).<br>It is characterized by intermittent fever, weakness, and anemia.<br>Chronic infection consists of acute episodes with remissions.",""],["Feline Panleukopenia",226,0.0,"D005254","C22.180.460",0,"Description: A highly contagious DNA virus infection of the cat<br>family, characterized by fever, enteritis and bone marrow<br>changes. It is also called feline ataxia, feline agranulocytosis,<br>feline infectious enteritis, cat fever, cat plague, and show<br>fever. It is caused by FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA VIRUS or the closely<br>related MINK ENTERITIS VIRUS or CANINE PARVOVIRUS.",""],["Influenza in Birds",7596,0.7,"D005585","C22.131.450",0,"Description: Infection of domestic and wild fowl and other BIRDS<br>with INFLUENZA A VIRUS. Avian influenza usually does not sicken<br>birds, but can be highly pathogenic and fatal in domestic<br>POULTRY.",""],["Fowlpox",247,0.0,"D005586","C22.131.321",0,"Description: A poxvirus infection of poultry and other birds<br>characterized by the formation of wart-like nodules on the skin<br>and diphtheritic necrotic masses (cankers) in the upper digestive<br>and respiratory tracts.",""],["Freemartinism",124,0.0,"D005611","C22.196.339",0,"Description: A condition occurring in the female offspring of<br>dizygotic twins (TWIN, DIZYGOTIC) in a mixed-sex pregnancy,<br>usually in CATTLE. Freemartinism can occur in other mammals. When<br>placental fusion between the male and the female FETUSES permits<br>the exchange of fetal cells and fetal hormones, TESTICULAR<br>HORMONES from the male fetus can androgenize the female fetus<br>producing a sterile XX/XY chimeric \"female\"(CHIMERISM).",""],["Furunculosis",951,0.1,"D005667","C22.362.224",0,"Description: A persistent skin infection marked by the presence<br>of furuncles, often chronic and recurrent. In humans, the<br>causative agent is various species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS. In salmonid<br>fish (SALMONIDS), the pathogen is AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA.",""],["Gastroenteritis, Transmissible, of Swine",527,0.0,"D005761","C22.905.469",0,"Description: A condition of chronic gastroenteritis in adult pigs<br>and fatal gastroenteritis in piglets caused by a CORONAVIRUS.",""],["Glanders",278,0.0,"D005896","C22.488.409",0,"Description: A contagious disease of horses that can be<br>transmitted to humans. It is caused by BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI and<br>characterized by ulceration of the respiratory mucosa and an<br>eruption of nodules on the skin.",""],["Hepatitis, Infectious Canine",119,0.0,"D006522","C22.268.465",0,"Description: A contagious disease caused by canine adenovirus<br>(ADENOVIRUSES, CANINE) infecting the LIVER, the EYE, the KIDNEY,<br>and other organs in dogs, other canids, and bears. Symptoms<br>include FEVER; EDEMA; VOMITING; and DIARRHEA.",""],["Hepatitis, Viral, Animal",2699,0.2,"D006524","C22.467.435",2,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in animals due to viral<br>infection.",""],["Hip Dysplasia, Canine",589,0.1,"D006619","C22.268.485",0,"Description: A hereditary disease of the hip joints in dogs.<br>Signs of the disease may be evident any time after 4 weeks of<br>age.",""],["Classical Swine Fever",1766,0.2,"D006691","C22.905.170",0,"Description: An acute, highly contagious disease affecting swine<br>of all ages and caused by the CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER VIRUS. It has<br>a sudden onset with high morbidity and mortality.",""],["Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis",661,0.1,"D007241","C22.196.429",0,"Description: A herpesvirus infection of CATTLE characterized by<br>INFLAMMATION and NECROSIS of the mucous membranes of the upper<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT.",""],["Louping Ill",86,0.0,"D008146","C22.836.435",0,"Description: An acute tick-borne arbovirus infection causing<br>meningoencephalomyelitis of sheep.",""],["Lumpy Skin Disease",244,0.0,"D008166","C22.196.497",0,"Description: A poxvirus infection of cattle characterized by the<br>appearance of nodules on all parts of the skin.",""],["Malaria, Avian",665,0.1,"D008289","C22.131.498",0,"Description: Any of a group of infections of fowl caused by<br>protozoa of the genera PLASMODIUM, Leucocytozoon, and<br>Haemoproteus. The life cycles of these parasites and the disease<br>produced bears strong resemblance to those observed in human<br>malaria.",""],["Malignant Catarrh",419,0.0,"D008304","C22.196.540",0,"Description: A herpesvirus infection of cattle characterized by<br>catarrhal inflammation of the upper respiratory and alimentary<br>epithelia, keratoconjunctivitis, encephalitis and lymph node<br>enlargement. Syn: bovine epitheliosis, snotsiekte.",""],["Monkey Diseases",9380,0.8,"D008992","C22.735.500",2,"Description: Diseases of Old World and New World monkeys. This<br>term includes diseases of baboons but not of chimpanzees or<br>gorillas (= APE DISEASES).",""],["Marek Disease",1618,0.1,"D008380","C22.131.546",0,"Description: A transmissible viral disease of birds caused by<br>avian herpesvirus 2 (HERPESVIRUS 2, GALLID) and other MARDIVIRUS.<br>There is lymphoid cell infiltration or lymphomatous tumor<br>formation in the peripheral nerves and gonads, but may also<br>involve visceral organs, skin, muscle, and the eye.",""],["Mastitis, Bovine",7334,0.7,"D008414","C22.196.581",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the UDDER in cows.",""],["Nairobi Sheep Disease",30,0.0,"D009265","C22.836.583",0,"Description: An arbovirus infection of sheep and goats<br>transmitted by ticks. It is characterized by high fever and<br>hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.",""],["Newcastle Disease",2770,0.2,"D009521","C22.131.630",0,"Description: An acute febrile, contagious, viral disease of birds<br>caused by an AVULAVIRUS called NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS. It is<br>characterized by respiratory and nervous symptoms in fowl and is<br>transmissible to man causing a severe, but transient<br>conjunctivitis.",""],["Pneumonia, Atypical Interstitial, of Cattle",49,0.0,"D011016","C22.196.706",0,"Description: A cattle disease of uncertain cause, probably an<br>allergic reaction.",""],["Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep",363,0.0,"D011021","C22.836.660",0,"Description: Chronic respiratory disease caused by the VISNA-<br>MAEDI VIRUS. It was formerly believed to be identical with<br>jaagsiekte (PULMONARY ADENOMATOSIS, OVINE) but is now recognized<br>as a separate entity.",""],["Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine",247,0.0,"D011648","C22.836.715",0,"Description: A contagious, neoplastic, pulmonary disease of sheep<br>characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of pneumocytes and<br>epithelial cells of the lung. It is caused by JAAGSIEKTE SHEEP<br>RETROVIRUS.",""],["Scrapie",2853,0.3,"D012608","C22.836.799",0,"Description: A fatal disease of the nervous system in sheep and<br>goats, characterized by pruritus, debility, and locomotor<br>incoordination. It is caused by proteinaceous infectious<br>particles called PRIONS.",""],["Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex",772,0.1,"D048090","C22.196.090",2,"Description: A multifactorial disease of CATTLE resulting from<br>complex interactions between environmental factors, host factors,<br>and pathogens. The environmental factors act as stressors<br>adversely affecting the IMMUNE SYSTEM and other host defenses and<br>enhancing transmission of infecting agents.",""],["Strongyle Infections, Equine",479,0.0,"D013319","C22.488.861",0,"Description: Infection of horses with parasitic nematodes of the<br>superfamily STRONGYLOIDEA. Characteristics include the<br>development of hemorrhagic nodules on the abdominal peritoneum.",""],["Swayback",57,0.0,"D013540","C22.836.886",0,"Description: Congenital locomotor ataxia of lambs, thought to be<br>associated with copper deficiency. It is characterized clinically<br>by progressive incoordination of the hind limbs and<br>pathologically by disruption of neuron and myelin development in<br>the central nervous system. It is caused by a deficiency of<br>metabolizable copper in the ewe during the last half of her<br>pregnancy. (Dorland, 28th ed; Stedman, 26th ed)",""],["Swine Erysipelas",205,0.0,"D013554","C22.331.693",0,"Description: An acute and chronic contagious disease of young<br>pigs caused by Erysipelothrix insidiosa.",""],["Swine Erysipelas",205,0.0,"D013554","C22.905.832",0,"Description: An acute and chronic contagious disease of young<br>pigs caused by Erysipelothrix insidiosa.",""],["Swine Vesicular Disease",156,0.0,"D013555","C22.905.850",0,"Description: An enterovirus infection of swine clinically<br>indistinguishable from FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE, vesicular<br>stomatitis, and VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE. It is caused by a<br>strain of HUMAN ENTEROVIRUS B.",""],["Theileriasis",2024,0.2,"D013801","C22.196.831",0,"Description: Infection of cattle, sheep, or goats with protozoa<br>of the genus THEILERIA. This infection results in an acute or<br>chronic febrile condition.",""],["Trypanosomiasis, Bovine",904,0.1,"D014354","C22.196.888",0,"Description: Infection in cattle caused by various species of<br>trypanosomes.",""],["Tuberculosis, Avian",373,0.0,"D014379","C22.131.921",0,"Description: A variety of TUBERCULOSIS affecting various birds,<br>including chickens and ducks. It is caused by MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM<br>and characterized by tubercles consisting principally of<br>epithelioid cells.",""],["Tuberculosis, Bovine",3541,0.3,"D014380","C22.196.927",0,"Description: An infection of cattle caused by MYCOBACTERIUM<br>BOVIS. It is transmissible to man and other animals.",""],["Vesicular Exanthema of Swine",51,0.0,"D014720","C22.905.927",0,"Description: A calicivirus infection of swine characterized by<br>hydropic degeneration of the oral and cutaneous epithelia.",""],["White Muscle Disease",95,0.0,"D014912","C22.595.740",0,"Description: A myodegeneration most frequent in calves and lambs<br>whose dams have been fed during gestation or longer on feeds,<br>especially legumes (FABACEAE), grown in certain areas where<br>selenium is either deficient or unavailable in the soil. It has<br>been recorded in many countries. It has been produced<br>experimentally in several species of animals on low-selenium<br>intake. A similar myopathy occurs naturally in goats, deer,<br>foals, and dogs but proof of the etiology is lacking. (Merck<br>Veterinary Manual, 5th ed)",""],["Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",847,0.1,"D016181","C22.180.350",0,"Description: Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs in<br>cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and in<br>some cats infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV).",""],["Visna",105,0.0,"D016182","C22.836.900",0,"Description: Demyelinating leukoencephalomyelitis of sheep caused<br>by the VISNA-MAEDI VIRUS. It is similar to but not the same as<br>SCRAPIE.",""],["Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome",439,0.0,"D016183","C22.795.650",0,"Description: Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs in<br>mice infected with mouse leukemia viruses (MuLV). The syndrome<br>shows striking similarities with human AIDS and is characterized<br>by lymphadenopathy, profound immunosuppression, enhanced<br>susceptibility to opportunistic infections, and B-cell lymphomas.",""],["Leukemia, Feline",247,0.0,"D016582","C22.180.500",0,"Description: A neoplastic disease of cats frequently associated<br>with feline leukemia virus infection.",""],["Enzootic Bovine Leukosis",693,0.1,"D016583","C22.196.260",0,"Description: A lymphoid neoplastic disease in cattle caused by<br>the bovine leukemia virus. Enzootic bovine leukosis may take the<br>form of lymphosarcoma, malignant lymphoma, or leukemia but the<br>presence of malignant cells in the blood is not a consistent<br>finding.",""],["Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform",2372,0.2,"D016643","C22.196.250",0,"Description: A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cattle<br>associated with abnormal prion proteins in the brain. Affected<br>animals develop excitability and salivation followed by ATAXIA.<br>This disorder has been associated with consumption of SCRAPIE<br>infected ruminant derived protein. This condition may be<br>transmitted to humans, where it is referred to as variant or new<br>variant CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME. (Vet Rec 1998 Jul<br>25;143(41):101-5)",""],["Feline Infectious Peritonitis",405,0.0,"D016766","C22.180.440",0,"Description: Common coronavirus infection of cats caused by the<br>feline infectious peritonitis virus (CORONAVIRUS, FELINE). The<br>disease is characterized by a long incubation period, fever,<br>depression, loss of appetite, wasting, and progressive abdominal<br>enlargement. Infection of cells of the monocyte-macrophage<br>lineage appears to be essential in FIP pathogenesis.",""],["Ape Diseases",562,0.1,"D018420","C22.735.050",0,"Description: Diseases of chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans.",""],["Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome",2228,0.2,"D019318","C22.905.700",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by outbreaks of late term<br>abortions, high numbers of stillbirths and mummified or weak<br>newborn piglets, and respiratory disease in young unweaned and<br>weaned pigs. It is caused by PORCINE RESPIRATORY AND REPRODUCTIVE<br>SYNDROME VIRUS. (Radostits et al., Veterinary Medicine, 8th ed,<br>p1048)",""],["Hemorrhagic Syndrome, Bovine",35,0.0,"D030243","C22.196.400",0,"Description: Clinically severe acute disease of cattle caused by<br>noncytopathic forms of Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (DIARRHEA<br>VIRUS 2, BOVINE VIRAL). Outbreaks are characterized by high<br>morbidity and high mortality.",""],["Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral",244,0.0,"D031941","C22.362.450",0,"Description: A systemic infection of various salmonid and a few<br>nonsalmonid fishes caused by Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus<br>(see NOVIRHABDOVIRUS),",""],["Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal",464,0.0,"D045729","C22.905.626",0,"Description: A chronic, clinically mild, infectious pneumonia of<br>PIGS caused by MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE. Ninety percent of swine<br>herds worldwide are infected with this economically costly<br>disease that primarily affects animals aged two to six months<br>old. The disease can be associated with porcine respiratory<br>disease complex. PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA is often found as a<br>secondary infection.",""],["Monkeypox",311,0.0,"D045908","C22.735.750",0,"Description: A viral disease infecting PRIMATES and RODENTS. Its<br>clinical presentation in humans is similar to SMALLPOX including<br>FEVER; HEADACHE; COUGH; and a painful RASH. It is caused by<br>MONKEYPOX VIRUS and is usually transmitted to humans through<br>BITES or via contact with an animal's BLOOD. Interhuman<br>transmission is relatively low (significantly less than<br>smallpox).",""],["Monkeypox",311,0.0,"D045908","C22.795.600",0,"Description: A viral disease infecting PRIMATES and RODENTS. Its<br>clinical presentation in humans is similar to SMALLPOX including<br>FEVER; HEADACHE; COUGH; and a painful RASH. It is caused by<br>MONKEYPOX VIRUS and is usually transmitted to humans through<br>BITES or via contact with an animal's BLOOD. Interhuman<br>transmission is relatively low (significantly less than<br>smallpox).",""],["White Heifer Disease",4,0.0,"D050072","C22.196.963",0,"Description: A congenital reproductive abnormality in white<br>female offspring (heifers) in certain breeds of CATTLE, such as<br>Belgian Blue and Shorthorn. The white color is inherited as a<br>recessive trait which is associated with defects in the female<br>reproductive tract (Muellerian system). These heifers are usually<br>sterile.",""],["Porcine Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome",235,0.0,"D053570","C22.905.690",0,"Description: A worldwide emerging disease of weaned piglets first<br>recognized in swine herds in western Canada in 1997. This<br>syndrome is characterized by progressive weight loss, rapid<br>(tachypnea) and difficult (dyspnea) breathing, and yellowing of<br>skin. PMWS is caused by PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS infection,<br>specifically type 2 or PCV-2.",""],["Reticuloendotheliosis, Avian",61,0.0,"D055761","C22.131.780",0,"Description: A group of pathologic syndromes found in avian<br>species caused by RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS VIRUS. The distinct<br>syndromes include non-neoplastic runting, acute neoplastic<br>disease, and chronic neoplastic disease. Humans and mammals<br>appear resistant.",""],["Abortion, Veterinary",4710,0.4,"D000034","C22.021",1,"Description: Premature expulsion of the FETUS in animals.",""],["Zoonoses",9830,0.9,"D015047","C22.969",2,"Description: Diseases of non-human animals that may be<br>transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-<br>human animals.",""],["Actinobacillosis",69,0.0,"D000187","C22.039",0,"Description: A disease characterized by suppurative and<br>granulomatous lesions in the respiratory tract, upper alimentary<br>tract, skin, kidneys, joints, and other tissues. Actinobacillus<br>lignieresii infects cattle and sheep while A. equuli infects<br>horses and pigs.",""],["Horse Diseases",28039,2.5,"D006734","C22.488",4,"Description: Diseases of domestic and wild horses of the species<br>Equus caballus.",""],["Swine Diseases",31266,2.8,"D013553","C22.905",12,"Description: Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of<br>the genus Sus.",""],["Aleutian Mink Disease",302,0.0,"D000453","C22.062",0,"Description: A slow progressive disease of mink caused by the<br>ALEUTIAN MINK DISEASE VIRUS. It is characterized by poor<br>reproduction, weight loss, autoimmunity, hypergammaglobulinemia,<br>increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, and death from<br>renal failure. The disease occurs in all color types, but mink<br>which are homozygous recessive for the Aleutian gene for light<br>coat color are particularly susceptible.",""],["Anal Gland Neoplasms",197,0.0,"D000694","C22.073",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the anal gland.",""],["Anaplasmosis",1692,0.2,"D000712","C22.085",0,"Description: A disease usually in cattle caused by parasitization<br>of the red blood cells by bacteria of the genus ANAPLASMA.",""],["Bird Diseases",49504,4.5,"D001715","C22.131",12,"Description: Diseases of birds not considered poultry, therefore<br>usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild. The concept is<br>differentiated from POULTRY DISEASES which is for birds raised as<br>a source of meat or eggs for human consumption, and usually found<br>in barnyards, hatcheries, etc.",""],["Parasitic Diseases, Animal",32409,2.9,"D010273","C22.674",15,"Description: Animal diseases caused by PARASITES.",""],["Sheep Diseases",25665,2.3,"D012757","C22.836",10,"Description: Diseases of domestic and mountain sheep of the genus<br>Ovis.",""],["Borna Disease",610,0.1,"D001890","C22.152",0,"Description: An encephalomyelitis of horses, sheep and cattle<br>caused by BORNA DISEASE VIRUS.",""],["Cattle Diseases",71000,6.4,"D002418","C22.196",19,"Description: Diseases of domestic cattle of the genus Bos. It<br>includes diseases of cows, yaks, and zebus.",""],["Cat Diseases",24846,2.2,"D002371","C22.180",4,"Description: Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F.<br>domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called<br>big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers,<br>leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is<br>used.",""],["Disease Models, Animal",45619,4.1,"D004195","C22.232",0,"Description: Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal<br>diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.",""],["Dog Diseases",64345,5.8,"D004283","C22.268",3,"Description: Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris).<br>This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES;<br>and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.",""],["Rodent Diseases",10210,0.9,"D012376","C22.795",3,"Description: Diseases of rodents of the order RODENTIA. This term<br>includes diseases of Sciuridae (squirrels), Geomyidae (gophers),<br>Heteromyidae (pouched mice), Castoridae (beavers), Cricetidae<br>(rats and mice), Muridae (Old World rats and mice),<br>Erethizontidae (porcupines), and Caviidae (guinea pigs).",""],["Enterotoxemia",214,0.0,"D004767","C22.313",0,"Description: Disease caused by the liberation of exotoxins of<br>CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS in the intestines of sheep, goats,<br>cattle, foals, and piglets. Type B enterotoxemia in lambs is lamb<br>dysentery; type C enterotoxemia in mature sheep produces<br>\"struck\", and in calves, lambs and piglets it produces<br>hemorrhagic enterotoxemia; type D enterotoxemia in sheep and<br>goats is pulpy-kidney disease or overeating disease.",""],["Erysipelothrix Infections",840,0.1,"D004889","C22.331",1,"Description: Infections with bacteria of the genus<br>ERYSIPELOTHRIX.",""],["Fish Diseases",20037,1.8,"D005393","C22.362",2,"Description: Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium<br>fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish)<br>and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).",""],["Foot Rot",448,0.0,"D005535","C22.394",0,"Description: A disease of the horny parts and of the adjacent<br>soft structures of the feet of cattle, swine, and sheep. It is<br>usually caused by Corynebacterium pyogenes or Bacteroides nodosus<br>(see DICHELOBACTER NODOSUS). It is also known as interdigital<br>necrobacillosis. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 18th ed)",""],["Foot-and-Mouth Disease",4826,0.4,"D005536","C22.380",0,"Description: A highly infectious disease caused by FOOT AND MOUTH<br>DISEASE VIRUS that affects mammals of the ARTIODACTYLA order<br>(CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; and PIGS) and is characterized by high<br>fever followed by the appearance of blisters inside the mouth and<br>on the feet.",""],["Heartwater Disease",405,0.0,"D006357","C22.434",0,"Description: A tick-borne septicemic disease of domestic and wild<br>ruminants caused by EHRLICHIA RUMINANTIUM.",""],["Hepatitis, Animal",3944,0.4,"D006520","C22.467",3,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in non-human animals.",""],["Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious",260,0.0,"D007639","C22.500",0,"Description: Infectious diseases of cattle, sheep, and goats,<br>characterized by blepharospasm, lacrimation, conjunctivitis, and<br>varying degrees of corneal opacity and ulceration. In cattle the<br>causative agent is MORAXELLA (MORAXELLA) BOVIS; in sheep,<br>MYCOPLASMA; RICKETTSIA; CHLAMYDIA; or ACHOLEPLASMA; in goats,<br>RICKETTSIA.",""],["Lameness, Animal",2207,0.2,"D007794","C22.510",0,"Description: A departure from the normal gait in animals.",""],["Primate Diseases",10824,1.0,"D018419","C22.735",5,"Description: Diseases of animals within the order PRIMATES. This<br>term includes diseases of Haplorhini and Strepsirhini.",""],["Muscular Dystrophy, Animal",3178,0.3,"D009137","C22.595",1,"Description: MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY that occurs in VERTEBRATE<br>animals.",""],["Myxomatosis, Infectious",201,0.0,"D009234","C22.627",0,"Description: Diseases caused by MYXOMA VIRUS.",""],["Paratuberculosis",2812,0.3,"D010283","C22.688",0,"Description: A chronic GASTROENTERITIS in RUMINANTS caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSPECIES PARATUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Parturient Paresis",303,0.0,"D010319","C22.695",0,"Description: A disease of pregnant and lactating cows and ewes<br>leading to generalized paresis and death. The disease, which is<br>characterized by hypocalcemia, occurs at or shortly after<br>parturition in cows and within weeks before or after parturition<br>in ewes.",""],["Pleuropneumonia, Contagious",506,0.0,"D011002","C22.717",0,"Description: A pleuropneumonia of cattle and goats caused by<br>species of MYCOPLASMA.",""],["Pseudorabies",1657,0.1,"D011557","C22.742",0,"Description: A highly contagious herpesvirus infection affecting<br>the central nervous system of swine, cattle, dogs, cats, rats,<br>and other animals.",""],["Rinderpest",569,0.1,"D012301","C22.780",0,"Description: A viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals caused by<br>MORBILLIVIRUS. It may be acute, subacute, or chronic with the<br>major lesions characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the<br>entire digestive tract. The disease was declared successfully<br>eradicated worldwide in 2010.",""],["Salmonella Infections, Animal",7839,0.7,"D012481","C22.812",0,"Description: Infections in animals with bacteria of the genus<br>SALMONELLA.",""],["Steatitis",75,0.0,"D013231","C22.880",0,"Description: A disease of cats and mink characterized by a marked<br>inflammation of adipose tissue and the deposition of \"ceroid\"<br>pigment in the interstices of the adipose cells. It is believed<br>to be caused by feeding diets containing too much unsaturated<br>fatty acid and too little vitamin E. (Merck Veterinary Manual,<br>5th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Venereal Tumors, Veterinary",232,0.0,"D014685","C22.950",0,"Description: Tumors most commonly seen on or near the genitalia.<br>They are venereal, most likely transmitted through<br>transplantation of cells by contact. Metastases have been<br>reported. Spontaneous regression may occur.",""],["Goat Diseases",5287,0.5,"D015511","C22.405",0,"Description: Diseases of the domestic or wild goat of the genus<br>Capra.",""],["Mammary Neoplasms, Animal",4555,0.4,"D015674","C22.520",0,"Description: Tumors or cancer of the MAMMARY GLAND in animals<br>(MAMMARY GLANDS, ANIMAL).",""],["Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants",493,0.0,"D029021","C22.706",0,"Description: A highly fatal contagious disease of goats and sheep<br>caused by PESTE-DES-PETITS-RUMINANTS VIRUS. The disease may be<br>acute or subacute and is characterized by stomatitis,<br>conjunctivitis, diarrhea, and pneumonia.",""],["Wasting Disease, Chronic",516,0.0,"D034081","C22.955",0,"Description: A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion<br>disease) of DEER and elk characterized by chronic weight loss<br>leading to death. It is thought to spread by direct contact<br>between animals or through environmental contamination with the<br>prion protein (PRIONS).",""],["Mink Viral Enteritis",5,0.0,"D053489","C22.557",0,"Description: A highly contagious parvovirus infection in mink,<br>caused by MINK ENTERITIS VIRUS or the closely related FELINE<br>PANLEUKOPENIA VIRUS or CANINE PARVOVIRUS. Transmission usually<br>occurs by the fecal/oral route.",""],["Vesicular Stomatitis",333,0.0,"D054243","C22.952",0,"Description: A viral disease caused by at least two distinct<br>species (serotypes) in the VESICULOVIRUS genus: VESICULAR<br>STOMATITIS INDIANA VIRUS and VESICULAR STOMATITIS NEW JERSEY<br>VIRUS. It is characterized by vesicular eruptions on the ORAL<br>MUCOSA in cattle, horses, pigs, and other animals. In humans,<br>vesicular stomatitis causes an acute influenza-like illness.",""],["Digital Dermatitis",221,0.0,"D058066","C22.214",0,"Description: Highly contagious infectious dermatitis with lesions<br>near the interdigital spaces usually in cattle. It causes<br>discomfort and often severe lameness (LAMENESS, ANIMAL). Lesions<br>can be either erosive or proliferative and wart-like with<br>papillary growths and hypertrophied hairs. DICHELOBACTER NODOSUS<br>and TREPONEMA are the most commonly associated causative agents<br>for this mixed bacterial infection disease.",""],["Pythiosis",169,0.0,"D058968","C22.761",0,"Description: A granulomatous disease caused by the aquatic<br>organism PYTHIUM insidiosum and occurring primarily in horses,<br>cattle, dogs, cats, fishes, and rarely in humans. It is<br>classified into three forms: ocular, cutaneous, and arterial.",""],["Animal Diseases",478982,43.1,"D000820","C22",142,"Description: Diseases that occur in VERTEBRATE animals.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Infections","Dirofilariasis","Dourine","Enteritis, Transmissible, of Turkeys","Fascioloidiasis","Hepatitis, Infectious Canine","Marburg Virus Disease","Monieziasis","Rift Valley Fever","Setariasis","Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic","Strongyle Infections, Equine","Theileriasis","Toxocariasis","Toxoplasmosis, Animal","Trypanosomiasis, Bovine","Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","Poult Enteritis Mortality Syndrome","Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic","Viral Zoonoses","Bacterial Zoonoses","African Horse Sickness","African Swine Fever","Avian Leukosis","Sarcoma, Avian","Protozoan Infections, Animal","Bluetongue","Border Disease","Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease","Brucellosis, Bovine","Brucellosis, Bovine","Helminthiasis, Animal","Distemper","Ecthyma, Contagious","Ectromelia, Infectious","Edema Disease of Swine","Encephalomyelitis, Enzootic Porcine","Poultry Diseases","Ephemeral Fever","Epidermitis, Exudative, of Swine","Equine Infectious Anemia","Feline Panleukopenia","Influenza in Birds","Fowlpox","Freemartinism","Furunculosis","Gastroenteritis, Transmissible, of Swine","Glanders","Hepatitis, Infectious Canine","Hepatitis, Viral, Animal","Hip Dysplasia, Canine","Classical Swine Fever","Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis","Louping Ill","Lumpy Skin Disease","Malaria, Avian","Malignant Catarrh","Monkey Diseases","Marek Disease","Mastitis, Bovine","Nairobi Sheep Disease","Newcastle Disease","Pneumonia, Atypical Interstitial, of Cattle","Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep","Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine","Scrapie","Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex","Strongyle Infections, Equine","Swayback","Swine Erysipelas","Swine Erysipelas","Swine Vesicular Disease","Theileriasis","Trypanosomiasis, Bovine","Tuberculosis, Avian","Tuberculosis, Bovine","Vesicular Exanthema of Swine","White Muscle Disease","Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","Visna","Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","Leukemia, Feline","Enzootic Bovine Leukosis","Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform","Feline Infectious Peritonitis","Ape Diseases","Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome","Hemorrhagic Syndrome, Bovine","Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral","Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal","Monkeypox","Monkeypox","White Heifer Disease","Porcine Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome","Reticuloendotheliosis, Avian","Abortion, Veterinary","Zoonoses","Actinobacillosis","Horse Diseases","Swine Diseases","Aleutian Mink Disease","Anal Gland Neoplasms","Anaplasmosis","Bird Diseases","Parasitic Diseases, Animal","Sheep Diseases","Borna Disease","Cattle Diseases","Cat Diseases","Disease Models, Animal","Dog Diseases","Rodent Diseases","Enterotoxemia","Erysipelothrix Infections","Fish Diseases","Foot Rot","Foot-and-Mouth Disease","Heartwater Disease","Hepatitis, Animal","Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious","Lameness, Animal","Primate Diseases","Muscular Dystrophy, Animal","Myxomatosis, Infectious","Paratuberculosis","Parturient Paresis","Pleuropneumonia, Contagious","Pseudorabies","Rinderpest","Salmonella Infections, Animal","Steatitis","Venereal Tumors, Veterinary","Goat Diseases","Mammary Neoplasms, Animal","Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants","Wasting Disease, Chronic","Mink Viral Enteritis","Vesicular Stomatitis","Digital Dermatitis","Pythiosis","Animal 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Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia",110,0.0,"D057178","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100.155.600",0,"Description: A form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and a<br>progressive form of dementia characterized by motor speech<br>impairment and AGRAMMATISM, with relative sparing of single word<br>comprehension and semantic memory.",""],["Aphasia, Broca",1217,0.0,"D001039","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100.100",0,"Description: An aphasia characterized by impairment of expressive<br>LANGUAGE (speech, writing, signs) and relative preservation of<br>receptive language abilities (i.e., comprehension). This<br>condition is caused by lesions of the motor association cortex in<br>the FRONTAL LOBE (BROCA AREA and adjacent cortical and white<br>matter regions).",""],["Aphasia, Wernicke",540,0.0,"D001041","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100.166",0,"Description: Impairment in the comprehension of speech and<br>meaning of words, both spoken and written, and of the meanings<br>conveyed by their grammatical relationships in sentences. It is<br>caused by lesions that primarily affect Wernicke's area, which<br>lies in the posterior perisylvian region of the temporal lobe of<br>the dominant hemisphere. (From Brain & Bannister, Clinical<br>Neurology, 7th ed, p141; Kandel et al., Principles of Neural<br>Science, 3d ed, p846)",""],["Dysarthria",1764,0.0,"D004401","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.150.200",0,"Description: Disorders of speech articulation caused by imperfect<br>coordination of pharynx, larynx, tongue, or face muscles. This<br>may result from CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES;<br>CEREBELLAR DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; BRAIN STEM diseases;<br>or diseases of the corticobulbar tracts (see PYRAMIDAL TRACTS).<br>The cortical language centers are intact in this condition. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p489)",""],["Aphasia, Conduction",68,0.0,"D018886","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100.111",0,"Description: A type of fluent aphasia characterized by an<br>impaired ability to repeat one and two word phrases, despite<br>retained comprehension. This condition is associated with<br>dominant hemisphere lesions involving the arcuate fasciculus (a<br>white matter projection between Broca's and Wernicke's areas) and<br>adjacent structures. Like patients with Wernicke aphasia<br>(APHASIA, WERNICKE), patients with conduction aphasia are fluent<br>but commit paraphasic errors during attempts at written and oral<br>forms of communication. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p482; Brain & Bannister, Clinical Neurology,<br>7th ed, p142; Kandel et al., Principles of Neural Science, 3d ed,<br>p848)",""],["Aphasia, Primary Progressive",1190,0.0,"D018888","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100.155",1,"Description: A progressive form of dementia characterized by the<br>global loss of language abilities and initial preservation of<br>other cognitive functions. Fluent and nonfluent subtypes have<br>been described. Eventually a pattern of global cognitive<br>dysfunction, similar to ALZHEIMER DISEASE, emerges.<br>Pathologically, there are no Alzheimer or PICK DISEASE like<br>changes, however, spongiform changes of cortical layers II and<br>III are present in the TEMPORAL LOBE and FRONTAL LOBE. (From<br>Brain 1998 Jan;121(Pt 1):115-26)",""],["Alexia, Pure",127,0.0,"D020237","C23.888.592.604.150.500.300.200.100",0,"Description: Loss of the power to comprehend written materials<br>despite preservation of the ability to write (i.e., alexia<br>without agraphia). This condition is generally attributed to<br>lesions that \"disconnect\" the visual cortex of the non-dominant<br>hemisphere from language centers in the dominant hemisphere. This<br>may occur when a dominant visual cortex injury is combined with<br>underlying white matter lesions that involve crossing fibers from<br>the occipital lobe of the opposite hemisphere. (From Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p483)",""],["Specific Language Disorder",60,0.0,"D000080888","C23.888.592.604.150.500.550.500",0,"Description: Language disorder that delays the mastery of oral<br>language skills or in children who have no hearing loss or other<br>developmental delays.",""],["Angina Pectoris, Variant",1613,0.0,"D000788","C23.888.592.612.233.500.150.150",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by the development<br>of CHEST PAIN at rest with concomitant transient ST segment<br>elevation in the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM, but with preserved exercise<br>capacity.",""],["Aphasia",11810,0.0,"D001037","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100",5,"Description: A cognitive disorder marked by an impaired ability<br>to comprehend or express language in its written or spoken form.<br>This condition is caused by diseases which affect the language<br>areas of the dominant hemisphere. Clinical features are used to<br>classify the various subtypes of this condition. General<br>categories include receptive, expressive, and mixed forms of<br>aphasia.",""],["Articulation Disorders",3102,0.0,"D001184","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.150",1,"Description: Disorders of the quality of speech characterized by<br>the substitution, omission, distortion, and addition of phonemes.",""],["Dyslexia, Acquired",804,0.0,"D004411","C23.888.592.604.150.500.300.200",1,"Description: A receptive visual aphasia characterized by the loss<br>of a previously possessed ability to comprehend the meaning or<br>significance of handwritten words, despite intact vision. This<br>condition may be associated with posterior cerebral artery<br>infarction (INFARCTION, POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY) and other<br>BRAIN DISEASES.",""],["Dyslexia, Acquired",677,0.0,"D004411","C23.888.592.604.150.550.200.500",0,"Description: A receptive visual aphasia characterized by the loss<br>of a previously possessed ability to comprehend the meaning or<br>significance of handwritten words, despite intact vision. This<br>condition may be associated with posterior cerebral artery<br>infarction (INFARCTION, POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY) and other<br>BRAIN DISEASES.",""],["Echolalia",118,0.0,"D004454","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.300",0,"Description: Involuntary (\"parrot-like\"), meaningless repetition<br>of a recently heard word, phrase, or song. This condition may be<br>associated with transcortical APHASIA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; or other<br>disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p485)",""],["Hearing Loss, Central",636,0.0,"D006313","C23.888.592.763.393.341.887.432",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to disease of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS<br>(in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) which originate in the COCHLEAR<br>NUCLEI of the PONS and then ascend bilaterally to the MIDBRAIN,<br>the THALAMUS, and then the AUDITORY CORTEX in the TEMPORAL LOBE.<br>Bilateral lesions of the auditory pathways are usually required<br>to cause central hearing loss. Cortical deafness refers to loss<br>of hearing due to bilateral auditory cortex lesions. Unilateral<br>BRAIN STEM lesions involving the cochlear nuclei may result in<br>unilateral hearing loss.",""],["Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced",6710,0.0,"D006317","C23.888.592.763.393.341.887.460",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to exposure to explosive loud noise<br>or chronic exposure to sound level greater than 85 dB. The<br>hearing loss is often in the frequency range 4000-6000 hertz.",""],["Mutism",948,0.0,"D009155","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.500",0,"Description: The inability to generate oral-verbal expression,<br>despite normal comprehension of speech. This may be associated<br>with BRAIN DISEASES or MENTAL DISORDERS. Organic mutism may be<br>associated with damage to the FRONTAL LOBE; BRAIN STEM; THALAMUS;<br>and CEREBELLUM. Selective mutism is a psychological condition<br>that usually affects children characterized by continuous refusal<br>to speak in social situations by a child who is able and willing<br>to speak to selected persons. Kussmal aphasia refers to mutism in<br>psychosis. (From Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 1994; 62(9):337-44)",""],["Presbycusis",1309,0.0,"D011304","C23.888.592.763.393.341.887.772",0,"Description: Gradual bilateral hearing loss associated with aging<br>that is due to progressive degeneration of cochlear structures<br>and central auditory pathways. Hearing loss usually begins with<br>the high frequencies then progresses to sounds of middle and low<br>frequencies.",""],["Stuttering",4256,0.0,"D013342","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.750",0,"Description: A disturbance in the normal fluency and time<br>patterning of speech that is inappropriate for the individual's<br>age. This disturbance is characterized by frequent repetitions or<br>prolongations of sounds or syllables. Various other types of<br>speech dysfluencies may also be involved including interjections,<br>broken words, audible or silent blocking, circumlocutions, words<br>produced with an excess of physical tension, and monosyllabic<br>whole word repetitions. Stuttering may occur as a developmental<br>condition in childhood or as an acquired disorder which may be<br>associated with BRAIN INFARCTIONS and other BRAIN DISEASES. (From<br>DSM-IV, 1994)",""],["Syncope, Vasovagal",2140,0.0,"D019462","C23.888.592.604.359.800.600.500",0,"Description: Loss of consciousness due to a reduction in blood<br>pressure that is associated with an increase in vagal tone and<br>peripheral vasodilation.",""],["Usher Syndromes",603,0.0,"D052245","C23.888.592.763.393.341.887.886",0,"Description: Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders<br>characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically<br>heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type<br>III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the<br>degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.",""],["Deaf-Blind Disorders",160,0.0,"D054062","C23.888.592.763.393.341.186.500",0,"Description: The absence of both hearing and vision.",""],["Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy",351,0.0,"D000070627","C23.550.291.500.063.500.500",0,"Description: Degenerative brain disease linked to repetitive<br>brain trauma. Progressive symptoms may include MEMORY LOSS;<br>AGGRESSION; or DEPRESSION.",""],["Emergence Delirium",369,0.0,"D000071257","C23.888.592.604.339.500.500",0,"Description: A form of DELIRIUM which occurs after GENERAL<br>ANESTHESIA.",""],["Charles Bonnet Syndrome",79,0.0,"D000075562","C23.888.592.604.764.300.500",0,"Description: Repetitive visual hallucinations experienced mostly<br>by elderly with diminished visual acuity or visual field loss,<br>with awareness of the fictional nature of their hallucinations.<br>It is not associated with delusions and other sensory<br>hallucinations.",""],["Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome",11,0.0,"D000076042","C23.888.592.604.529.400.500",0,"Description: A neurological disorder characterized by<br>inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. It<br>is caused by THIAMINE DEFICIENCY due to chronic ALCOHOLISM.",""],["Language Development Disorders",5928,0.0,"D007805","C23.888.592.604.150.500.550",1,"Description: Conditions characterized by language abilities<br>(comprehension and expression of speech and writing) that are<br>below the expected level for a given age, generally in the<br>absence of an intellectual impairment. These conditions may be<br>associated with DEAFNESS; BRAIN DISEASES; MENTAL DISORDERS; or<br>environmental factors.",""],["Specific Language Disorder",60,0.0,"D000080888","C23.888.592.604.150.550.600",0,"Description: Language disorder that delays the mastery of oral<br>language skills or in children who have no hearing loss or other<br>developmental delays.",""],["Agraphia",785,0.0,"D000381","C23.888.592.604.150.500.050",0,"Description: Loss or impairment of the ability to write (letters,<br>syllables, words, or phrases) due to an injury to a specific<br>cerebral area or occasionally due to emotional factors. This<br>condition rarely occurs in isolation, and often accompanies<br>APHASIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p485; APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)",""],["Amnesia, Retrograde",712,0.0,"D000648","C23.888.592.604.529.100.150",0,"Description: Loss of the ability to recall information that had<br>been previously encoded in memory prior to a specified or<br>approximate point in time. This process may be organic or<br>psychogenic in origin. Organic forms may be associated with<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS; SEIZURES;<br>DEMENTIA; and a wide variety of other conditions that impair<br>cerebral function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, pp426-9)",""],["Angina, Unstable",8357,0.0,"D000789","C23.888.592.612.233.500.150",1,"Description: Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a<br>MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.",""],["Anomia",672,0.0,"D000849","C23.888.592.604.150.500.090",0,"Description: A language dysfunction characterized by the<br>inability to name people and objects that are correctly<br>perceived. The individual is able to describe the object in<br>question, but cannot provide the name. This condition is<br>associated with lesions of the dominant hemisphere involving the<br>language areas, in particular the TEMPORAL LOBE. (From Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p484)",""],["Speech Disorders",28530,0.1,"D013064","C23.888.592.604.150.500.800",11,"Description: Acquired or developmental conditions marked by an<br>impaired ability to comprehend or generate spoken forms of<br>language.",""],["Cachexia",4641,0.0,"D002100","C23.888.144.243.963.500.500",0,"Description: General ill health, malnutrition, and weight loss,<br>usually associated with chronic disease.",""],["Coma",8270,0.0,"D003128","C23.888.592.604.359.800.200",0,"Description: A profound state of unconsciousness associated with<br>depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be<br>aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or<br>injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem<br>RETICULAR FORMATION.",""],["Deafness",23339,0.1,"D003638","C23.888.592.763.393.341.186",1,"Description: A general term for the complete loss of the ability<br>to hear from both ears.",""],["Hearing Loss, Sudden",2674,0.0,"D003639","C23.888.592.763.393.341.900",0,"Description: Sensorineural hearing loss which develops suddenly<br>over a period of hours or a few days. It varies in severity from<br>mild to total deafness. Sudden deafness can be due to head<br>trauma, vascular diseases, infections, or can appear without<br>obvious cause or warning.",""],["Dyslexia",8545,0.0,"D004410","C23.888.592.604.150.500.300",2,"Description: A cognitive disorder characterized by an impaired<br>ability to comprehend written and printed words or phrases<br>despite intact vision. This condition may be developmental or<br>acquired. Developmental dyslexia is marked by reading achievement<br>that falls substantially below that expected given the<br>individual's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age-<br>appropriate education. The disturbance in reading significantly<br>interferes with academic achievement or with activities of daily<br>living that require reading skills. (From DSM-IV)",""],["Dyslexia",8418,0.0,"D004410","C23.888.592.604.150.550.200",1,"Description: A cognitive disorder characterized by an impaired<br>ability to comprehend written and printed words or phrases<br>despite intact vision. This condition may be developmental or<br>acquired. Developmental dyslexia is marked by reading achievement<br>that falls substantially below that expected given the<br>individual's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age-<br>appropriate education. The disturbance in reading significantly<br>interferes with academic achievement or with activities of daily<br>living that require reading skills. (From DSM-IV)",""],["Empyema, Tuberculous",689,0.0,"D004654","C23.550.470.756.305.250.320",0,"Description: Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.",""],["Gerstmann Syndrome",175,0.0,"D005862","C23.888.592.604.764.100.300",0,"Description: A disorder of cognition characterized by the tetrad<br>of finger agnosia, dysgraphia, DYSCALCULIA, and right-left<br>disorientation. The syndrome may be developmental or acquired.<br>Acquired Gerstmann syndrome is associated with lesions in the<br>dominant (usually left) PARIETAL LOBE which involve the angular<br>gyrus or subjacent white matter. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p457)",""],["Hearing Loss, Bilateral",1671,0.0,"D006312","C23.888.592.763.393.341.374",0,"Description: Partial hearing loss in both ears.",""],["Hearing Loss, Sensorineural",25265,0.1,"D006319","C23.888.592.763.393.341.887",4,"Description: Hearing loss resulting from damage to the COCHLEA<br>and the sensorineural elements which lie internally beyond the<br>oval and round windows. These elements include the AUDITORY NERVE<br>and its connections in the BRAINSTEM.",""],["Hearing Loss, Conductive",2570,0.0,"D006314","C23.888.592.763.393.341.562",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to interference with the mechanical<br>reception or amplification of sound to the COCHLEA. The<br>interference is in the outer or middle ear involving the EAR<br>CANAL; TYMPANIC MEMBRANE; or EAR OSSICLES.",""],["Hearing Loss, Functional",190,0.0,"D006315","C23.888.592.763.393.341.750",0,"Description: Hearing loss without a physical basis. Often<br>observed in patients with psychological or behavioral disorders.",""],["Hearing Loss, High-Frequency",650,0.0,"D006316","C23.888.592.763.393.341.812",0,"Description: Hearing loss in frequencies above 1000 hertz.",""],["Hemorrhagic Septicemia",214,0.0,"D006483","C23.550.470.790.500.100.375",0,"Description: Any of several bacterial diseases, usually caused by<br>PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA, marked by the presence of hemorrhagic<br>areas in the subcutaneous tissues, serous membranes, muscles,<br>lymph glands, and throughout the internal organs. The diseases<br>primarily affect animals and rarely humans.",""],["Kearns-Sayre Syndrome",616,0.0,"D007625","C23.888.592.636.447.511.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of<br>chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardiomyopathy<br>(CARDIOMYOPATHIES) with conduction block (HEART BLOCK), and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Disease onset is in the first or second<br>decade. Elevated CSF protein, sensorineural deafness, seizures,<br>and pyramidal signs may also be present. Ragged-red fibers are<br>found on muscle biopsy. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p984)",""],["Rectovaginal Fistula",1194,0.0,"D012006","C23.300.575.185.550.600.650",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the RECTUM<br>and the VAGINA.",""],["Syncope",10703,0.0,"D013575","C23.888.592.604.359.800.600",1,"Description: A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone<br>caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN<br>ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness<br>and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or<br>accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9)",""],["Lateral Medullary Syndrome",607,0.0,"D014854","C23.550.513.355.250.100.500",0,"Description: INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA<br>OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlusion of the<br>VERTEBRAL ARTERY and/or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.<br>Clinical manifestations vary with the size of infarction, but may<br>include loss of pain and temperature sensation in the ipsilateral<br>face and contralateral body below the chin; ipsilateral HORNER<br>SYNDROME; ipsilateral ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; VERTIGO; nausea,<br>hiccup; dysphagia; and VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p801)",""],["Lateral Medullary Syndrome",607,0.0,"D014854","C23.550.717.489.250.100.500",0,"Description: INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA<br>OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlusion of the<br>VERTEBRAL ARTERY and/or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.<br>Clinical manifestations vary with the size of infarction, but may<br>include loss of pain and temperature sensation in the ipsilateral<br>face and contralateral body below the chin; ipsilateral HORNER<br>SYNDROME; ipsilateral ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; VERTIGO; nausea,<br>hiccup; dysphagia; and VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p801)",""],["Dementia, Multi-Infarct",789,0.0,"D015161","C23.550.513.355.250.200.199",0,"Description: Loss of higher cortical functions with retained<br>awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Memory, judgment, attention span, and impulse control<br>are often impaired, and may be accompanied by PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY;<br>HEMIPARESIS; reflex abnormalities, and other signs of localized<br>neurologic dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1060)",""],["Dementia, Multi-Infarct",789,0.0,"D015161","C23.550.717.489.250.200.199",0,"Description: Loss of higher cortical functions with retained<br>awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION. Memory, judgment, attention span, and impulse control<br>are often impaired, and may be accompanied by PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY;<br>HEMIPARESIS; reflex abnormalities, and other signs of localized<br>neurologic dysfunction. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1060)",""],["Persistent Vegetative State",2137,0.0,"D018458","C23.888.592.604.359.800.400",0,"Description: Vegetative state refers to the neurocognitive status<br>of individuals with severe brain damage, in whom physiologic<br>functions (sleep-wake cycles, autonomic control, and breathing)<br>persist, but awareness (including all cognitive function and<br>emotion) is abolished.",""],["Endotoxemia",4018,0.0,"D019446","C23.550.470.790.500.100.275",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-<br>negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a<br>pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators.",""],["Blindness, Cortical",607,0.0,"D019575","C23.888.592.763.941.162.250",0,"Description: Total loss of vision in all or part of the visual<br>field due to bilateral OCCIPITAL LOBE (i.e., VISUAL CORTEX)<br>damage or dysfunction. Anton syndrome is characterized by the<br>psychic denial of true, organic cortical blindness. (Adams et<br>al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p460)",""],["Putaminal Hemorrhage",146,0.0,"D020146","C23.550.414.913.100.200.500",0,"Description: Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL<br>GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSION and<br>lipohyalinosis of small blood vessels in the putamen. Clinical<br>manifestations vary with the size of hemorrhage, but include<br>HEMIPARESIS; HEADACHE; and alterations of consciousness.",""],["Gait Apraxia",92,0.0,"D020235","C23.888.592.604.882.350.600",0,"Description: Impaired ambulation not attributed to sensory<br>impairment or motor weakness. FRONTAL LOBE disorders; BASAL<br>GANGLIA DISEASES (e.g., PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS); DEMENTIA, MULTI-<br>INFARCT; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; and other conditions may be<br>associated with gait apraxia.",""],["Amnesia, Transient Global",601,0.0,"D020236","C23.888.592.604.529.100.800",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by a transient loss of the<br>ability to form new memories. It primarily occurs in middle aged<br>or elderly individuals, and episodes may last from minutes to<br>hours. During the period of amnesia, immediate and recent memory<br>abilities are impaired, but the level of consciousness and<br>ability to perform other intellectual tasks are preserved. The<br>condition is related to bilateral dysfunction of the medial<br>portions of each TEMPORAL LOBE. Complete recovery normally<br>occurs, and recurrences are unusual. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp429-30)",""],["Prosopagnosia",653,0.0,"D020238","C23.888.592.604.764.100.650",0,"Description: The inability to recognize a familiar face or to<br>learn to recognize new faces. This visual agnosia is most often<br>associated with lesions involving the junctional regions between<br>the temporal and occipital lobes. The majority of cases are<br>associated with bilateral lesions, however unilateral damage to<br>the right occipito-temporal cortex has also been associated with<br>this condition. (From Cortex 1995 Jun;31(2):317-29).",""],["Apraxia, Ideomotor",186,0.0,"D020240","C23.888.592.604.882.350.200",0,"Description: A form of apraxia characterized by an acquired<br>inability to carry out a complex motor activity despite the<br>ability to mentally formulate the action. This condition has been<br>attributed to a disruption of connections between the dominant<br>parietal cortex and supplementary and premotor cortical regions<br>in both hemispheres. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p57)",""],["Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery",238,0.0,"D020243","C23.550.513.355.250.200.400",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These<br>arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery<br>usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower<br>body.",""],["Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery",238,0.0,"D020243","C23.550.717.489.250.200.400",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These<br>arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery<br>usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower<br>body.",""],["Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery",6854,0.0,"D020244","C23.550.513.355.250.200.450",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral<br>aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include<br>impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the<br>face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the<br>infarction.",""],["Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery",6854,0.0,"D020244","C23.550.717.489.250.200.450",0,"Description: NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY<br>distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral<br>aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include<br>impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the<br>face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the<br>infarction.",""],["Amnesia, Anterograde",238,0.0,"D020324","C23.888.592.604.529.100.075",0,"Description: Loss of the ability to form new memories beyond a<br>certain point in time. This condition may be organic or<br>psychogenic in origin. Organically induced anterograde amnesia<br>may follow CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; SEIZURES; ANOXIA; and other<br>conditions which adversely affect neural structures associated<br>with memory formation (e.g., the HIPPOCAMPUS; FORNIX (BRAIN);<br>MAMMILLARY BODIES; and ANTERIOR THALAMIC NUCLEI). (From Memory<br>1997 Jan-Mar;5(1-2):49-71)",""],["Amaurosis Fugax",234,0.0,"D020757","C23.888.592.763.941.162.125",0,"Description: Transient complete or partial monocular blindness<br>due to retinal ischemia. This may be caused by emboli from the<br>CAROTID ARTERY (usually in association with CAROTID STENOSIS) and<br>other locations that enter the central RETINAL ARTERY. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p245)",""],["Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery",268,0.0,"D020762","C23.550.513.355.250.200.475",0,"Description: NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR<br>CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of<br>the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE.<br>Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical<br>features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems<br>(AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).",""],["Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery",268,0.0,"D020762","C23.550.717.489.250.200.475",0,"Description: NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR<br>CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of<br>the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE.<br>Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical<br>features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems<br>(AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).",""],["Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral",244,0.0,"D031941","C23.550.470.790.500.900.400",0,"Description: A systemic infection of various salmonid and a few<br>nonsalmonid fishes caused by Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus<br>(see NOVIRHABDOVIRUS),",""],["Hearing Loss, Unilateral",921,0.0,"D046088","C23.888.592.763.393.341.950",0,"Description: Partial or complete hearing loss in one ear.",""],["Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural",336,0.0,"D046089","C23.888.592.763.393.341.849",0,"Description: Hearing loss due to damage or impairment of both the<br>conductive elements (HEARING LOSS, CONDUCTIVE) and the<br>sensorineural elements (HEARING LOSS, SENSORINEURAL) of the ear.",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C23.550.513.355.250.200.100",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["CADASIL",1028,0.0,"D046589","C23.550.717.489.250.200.100",0,"Description: A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to<br>chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular<br>deposits in small CEREBRAL ARTERIES producing ischemic STROKE;<br>PSEUDOBULBAR PALSY; and multiple subcortical infarcts (CEREBRAL<br>INFARCTION). CADASIL is an acronym for Cerebral Autosomal<br>Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and<br>Leukoencephalopathy. CADASIL differs from BINSWANGER DISEASE by<br>the presence of MIGRAINE WITH AURA and usually by the lack of<br>history of arterial HYPERTENSION. (From Bradley et al, Neurology<br>in Clinical Practice, 2000, p1146)",""],["Frasier Syndrome",43,0.0,"D052159","C23.550.291.500.906.500.500",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE<br>and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of<br>46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is<br>caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor<br>gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.",""],["Stupor",672,0.0,"D053608","C23.888.592.604.359.800.500",0,"Description: A state of reduced sensibility and response to<br>stimuli which is distinguished from COMA in that the person can<br>be aroused by vigorous and repeated stimulation. The person is<br>still conscious and can make voluntary movements. It can be<br>induced by CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS. The word derives from<br>Latin stupere and is related to stunned, stupid, dazed or<br>LETHARGY.",""],["Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated",3847,0.0,"D053717","C23.550.291.875.500.500.500",0,"Description: Serious INFLAMMATION of the LUNG in patients who<br>required the use of PULMONARY VENTILATOR. It is usually caused by<br>bacterial CROSS INFECTION in hospitals.",""],["Deaf-Blind Disorders",160,0.0,"D054062","C23.888.592.763.941.162.625",0,"Description: The absence of both hearing and vision.",""],["Alien Hand Syndrome",66,0.0,"D055964","C23.888.592.604.882.350.099",0,"Description: An apraxia characterized by the affected limb having<br>involuntary, autonomous, and purposeful behaviors that are<br>perceived as being controlled by an external force. Often the<br>affected limb interferes with the actions of the normal limb.<br>Symptoms develop from lesions in the CORPUS CALLOSUM or medial<br>frontal cortex, stroke, infarction, and neurodegenerative<br>diseases (e.g., CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME, corticobasal<br>degeneration).",""],["Candidemia",1646,0.0,"D058387","C23.550.470.790.500.360.150",0,"Description: A form of invasive candidiasis where species of<br>CANDIDA are present in the blood.",""],["Angina, Stable",1480,0.0,"D060050","C23.888.592.612.233.500.575",0,"Description: Persistent and reproducible chest discomfort usually<br>precipitated by a physical exertion that dissipates upon<br>cessation of such an activity. The symptoms are manifestations of<br>MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA.",""],["Dyscalculia",279,0.0,"D060705","C23.888.592.604.150.550.099",0,"Description: Impaired ability in numerical concepts. These<br>inabilities arise as a result of primary neurological lesion, are<br>syndromic (e.g., GERSTMANN SYNDROME ) or acquired due to brain<br>damage.",""],["Abdomen, Acute",7485,0.0,"D000006","C23.888.592.612.054.200",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome with acute abdominal pain that<br>is severe, localized, and rapid in onset. Acute abdomen may be<br>caused by a variety of disorders, injuries, or diseases.",""],["Obesity, Metabolically Benign",340,0.0,"D000067329","C23.888.144.699.500.250",0,"Description: A sub-PHENOTYPE of obese individuals who have a risk<br>for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES between that of healthy individuals<br>with normal weight and unhealthy individuals with obesity.",""],["Staghorn Calculi",109,0.0,"D000069856","C23.300.175.850.550.500",0,"Description: Renal calculi with a characteristic shape like<br>antlers of a deer, formed as it extends into multiple calices of<br>the RENAL PELVIS. A large number of staghorn calculi as well as<br>other URINARY CALCULI are composed of STRUVITE.",""],["Morton Neuroma",102,0.0,"D000070607","C23.888.592.612.540.500",0,"Description: A nerve inflammation in the foot caused by chronic<br>compression of the plantar nerve between the METATARSAL BONES.",""],["Morton Neuroma",102,0.0,"D000070607","C23.888.592.612.664.275",0,"Description: A nerve inflammation in the foot caused by chronic<br>compression of the plantar nerve between the METATARSAL BONES.",""],["Brain Injury, Chronic",1098,0.0,"D020208","C23.550.291.500.063.500",1,"Description: Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage<br>or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. This disorder may<br>result from DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES;<br>BRAIN EDEMA; and other conditions. Clinical features may include<br>DEMENTIA; focal neurologic deficits; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE;<br>AKINETIC MUTISM; or COMA.",""],["Tardive Dyskinesia",354,0.0,"D000071057","C23.888.592.350.275.500",0,"Description: Drug-related movement disorder characterized by<br>uncontrollable movements in certain muscles. It is associated<br>with a long-term exposure to certain neuroleptic medications<br>(e.g., METOCLOPRAMIDE).",""],["Neonatal Sepsis",1264,0.0,"D000071074","C23.550.470.790.500.470",0,"Description: Blood infection that occurs in an infant younger<br>than 90 days old. Early-onset sepsis is seen in the first week of<br>life and most often appears within 24 hours of birth. Late-onset<br>occurs after 1 week and before 3 months of age.",""],["Delirium",11421,0.0,"D003693","C23.888.592.604.339.500",1,"Description: A disorder characterized by CONFUSION;<br>inattentiveness; disorientation; ILLUSIONS; HALLUCINATIONS;<br>agitation; and in some instances autonomic nervous system<br>overactivity. It may result from toxic/metabolic conditions or<br>structural brain lesions. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp411-2)",""],["ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction",7207,0.0,"D000072657","C23.550.513.355.750.875",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome defined by MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA<br>symptoms; persistent elevation in the ST segments of the<br>ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; and release of BIOMARKERS of myocardial<br>NECROSIS (e.g., elevated TROPONIN levels). ST segment elevation<br>in the ECG is often used in determining the treatment protocol<br>(see also NON-ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).",""],["ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction",7207,0.0,"D000072657","C23.550.717.489.750.875",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome defined by MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA<br>symptoms; persistent elevation in the ST segments of the<br>ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; and release of BIOMARKERS of myocardial<br>NECROSIS (e.g., elevated TROPONIN levels). ST segment elevation<br>in the ECG is often used in determining the treatment protocol<br>(see also NON-ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).",""],["Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction",1449,0.0,"D000072658","C23.550.513.355.750.469",0,"Description: A myocardial infarction that does not produce<br>elevations in the ST segments of the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM. ST<br>segment elevation of the ECG is often used in determining the<br>treatment protocol (see also ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction).",""],["Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction",1449,0.0,"D000072658","C23.550.717.489.750.469",0,"Description: A myocardial infarction that does not produce<br>elevations in the ST segments of the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM. ST<br>segment elevation of the ECG is often used in determining the<br>treatment protocol (see also ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction).",""],["Cerebral Intraventricular Hemorrhage",253,0.0,"D000074042","C23.550.414.913.100.600",0,"Description: Bleeding within the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES. It is<br>associated with intraventricular trauma, aneurysm, vascular<br>malformations, hypertension and in VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT infants.",""],["Hallucinations",7397,0.0,"D006212","C23.888.592.604.764.300",1,"Description: Subjectively experienced sensations in the absence<br>of an appropriate stimulus, but which are regarded by the<br>individual as real. They may be of organic origin or associated<br>with MENTAL DISORDERS.",""],["Korsakoff Syndrome",536,0.0,"D020915","C23.888.592.604.529.400",1,"Description: An acquired cognitive disorder characterized by<br>inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories.<br>This disorder is frequently associated with chronic ALCOHOLISM;<br>but it may also result from dietary deficiencies; CRANIOCEREBRAL<br>TRAUMA; NEOPLASMS; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; ENCEPHALITIS;<br>EPILEPSY; and other conditions. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)",""],["Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia",4120,0.0,"D000077299","C23.550.291.875.500.500",1,"Description: Infection of the lung often accompanied by<br>inflammation that is acquired through an interaction within a<br>healthcare institution often through a therapeutic experience<br>(e.g., use of catheters or ventilators).",""],["Gestational Weight Gain",768,0.0,"D000078064","C23.888.144.243.926.500",0,"Description: Increase in body weight of the mother during the<br>course of her PREGNANCY.",""],["Obesity, Maternal",397,0.0,"D000079262","C23.888.144.699.500.125",0,"Description: BODY MASS INDEX in PREGNANT WOMEN that is<br>excessively above the recommended cut-off.",""],["Locked-In Syndrome",34,0.0,"D000080422","C23.888.592.636.786.500",0,"Description: Acquired neuromuscular disorder characterized by<br>complete paralysis of voluntary muscles and lower CRANIAL NERVES<br>except for limited voluntary eye movements. It is due to various<br>cerebrospinal disconnections at or near the PONS and the<br>POSTERIOR CRANIAL FOSSA, typically secondary to pontine<br>hemorrhage or infarct. Because cognitive function is intact it is<br>sometimes referred to as a pseudocoma state.",""],["Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome",49,0.0,"D000080445","C23.550.291.500.875.500",0,"Description: Syndrome with clinical features of both ASTHMA and<br>COPD.",""],["Language Disorders",49739,0.2,"D007806","C23.888.592.604.150.500",19,"Description: Conditions characterized by deficiencies of<br>comprehension or expression of written and spoken forms of<br>language. These include acquired and developmental disorders.",""],["Learning Disabilities",19997,0.1,"D007859","C23.888.592.604.150.550",4,"Description: Conditions characterized by a significant<br>discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect<br>and their ability to acquire new language and other cognitive<br>skills. These may result from organic or psychological<br>conditions. Relatively common subtypes include DYSLEXIA,<br>DYSCALCULIA, and DYSGRAPHIA.",""],["Autoimmune Pancreatitis",199,0.0,"D000081012","C23.550.291.500.750.500",0,"Description: Chronic pancreatitis associated with autoimmune<br>diseases.",""],["Warburg Effect, Oncologic",99,0.0,"D000082802","C23.550.727.098.500.580",0,"Description: An observation in neoplastic cellular<br>transformation, characterized by an increased glucose uptake via<br>glycolytic activities resulting in an increased LACTATE<br>production under aerobic microenvironment.",""],["Anosmia",202,0.0,"D000086582","C23.888.592.763.550.500",0,"Description: Complete or severe loss of the subjective sense of<br>smell. Loss of smell may be caused by many factors such as a<br>cold, allergy, OLFACTORY NERVE DISEASES, viral RESPIRATORY TRACT<br>INFECTIONS (e.g., COVID-19), aging and various neurological<br>disorders (e.g., ALZHEIMER DISEASE).",""],["MINOCA",12,0.0,"D000088442","C23.550.513.355.750.328",0,"Description: Myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive<br>coronary artery disease. CORONARY CIRCULATION disruption is due<br>to various other factors such as ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE and<br>CORONARY VASOSPASM.",""],["MINOCA",12,0.0,"D000088442","C23.550.717.489.750.328",0,"Description: Myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive<br>coronary artery disease. CORONARY CIRCULATION disruption is due<br>to various other factors such as ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE and<br>CORONARY VASOSPASM.",""],["Weight Cycling",3,0.0,"D000091622","C23.888.144.243.926.750",0,"Description: Repeated cycles of weight loss followed by weight<br>gain.",""],["Weight Cycling",3,0.0,"D000091622","C23.888.144.243.963.750",0,"Description: Repeated cycles of weight loss followed by weight<br>gain.",""],["Ageusia",327,0.0,"D000370","C23.888.592.763.861.184",0,"Description: Complete or severe loss of the subjective sense of<br>taste, frequently accompanied by OLFACTION DISORDERS.",""],["Agnosia",2883,0.0,"D000377","C23.888.592.604.764.100",2,"Description: Loss of the ability to comprehend the meaning or<br>recognize the importance of various forms of stimulation that<br>cannot be attributed to impairment of a primary sensory modality.<br>Tactile agnosia is characterized by an inability to perceive the<br>shape and nature of an object by touch alone, despite unimpaired<br>sensation to light touch, position, and other primary sensory<br>modalities.",""],["Amblyopia",5866,0.0,"D000550","C23.888.592.763.941.073",0,"Description: A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision.<br>Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced<br>amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced<br>amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A<br>discrepancy between visual information received by the visual<br>cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development.<br>STRABISMUS and REFRACTIVE ERRORS may cause this condition. Toxic<br>amblyopia is a disorder of the OPTIC NERVE which is associated<br>with ALCOHOLISM, tobacco SMOKING, and other toxins and as an<br>adverse effect of the use of some medications.",""],["Amnesia",7150,0.0,"D000647","C23.888.592.604.529.100",3,"Description: Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability<br>to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new<br>memories (AMNESIA, ANTEROGRADE). This condition may be of organic<br>or psychologic origin. Organic forms of amnesia are usually<br>associated with dysfunction of the DIENCEPHALON or HIPPOCAMPUS.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-7)",""],["Angina Pectoris",31336,0.1,"D000787","C23.888.592.612.233.500",3,"Description: The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to<br>MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location<br>and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient<br>stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the<br>MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.",""],["Apraxias",2759,0.0,"D001072","C23.888.592.604.882.350",3,"Description: A group of cognitive disorders characterized by the<br>inability to perform previously learned skills that cannot be<br>attributed to deficits of motor or sensory function. The two<br>major subtypes of this condition are ideomotor (see APRAXIA,<br>IDEOMOTOR) and ideational apraxia, which refers to loss of the<br>ability to mentally formulate the processes involved with<br>performing an action. For example, dressing apraxia may result<br>from an inability to mentally formulate the act of placing<br>clothes on the body. Apraxias are generally associated with<br>lesions of the dominant PARIETAL LOBE and supramarginal gyrus.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp56-7)",""],["Auditory Perceptual Disorders",1419,0.0,"D001308","C23.888.592.604.764.200",0,"Description: Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of<br>AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced ability to<br>perceive information contained in auditory stimuli despite intact<br>auditory pathways. Affected individuals have difficulty with<br>speech perception, sound localization, and comprehending the<br>meaning of inflections of speech.",""],["Autolysis",494,0.0,"D001329","C23.550.260.224.617.236",0,"Description: The spontaneous disintegration of tissues or cells<br>by the action of their own autogenous enzymes.",""],["Blast Crisis",1776,0.0,"D001752","C23.550.291.500.485.100",0,"Description: An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia,<br>characterized by a rapid increase in the proportion of immature<br>white blood cells (blasts) in the blood and bone marrow to<br>greater than 30%.",""],["Blast Crisis",1776,0.0,"D001752","C23.550.727.098.500.110",0,"Description: An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia,<br>characterized by a rapid increase in the proportion of immature<br>white blood cells (blasts) in the blood and bone marrow to<br>greater than 30%.",""],["Blindness",15827,0.1,"D001766","C23.888.592.763.941.162",3,"Description: The inability to see or the loss or absence of<br>perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of<br>EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or<br>BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE.",""],["Emaciation",5095,0.0,"D004614","C23.888.144.243.963.500",1,"Description: Clinical manifestation of excessive LEANNESS usually<br>caused by disease or a lack of nutrition (MALNUTRITION).",""],["Cell Transformation, Viral",7353,0.0,"D002472","C23.550.727.098.500.160",0,"Description: An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes<br>in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface<br>properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.",""],["Cerebellar Ataxia",4061,0.0,"D002524","C23.888.592.350.090.200",0,"Description: Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as<br>a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features<br>include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot<br>a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted<br>movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of<br>diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)",""],["Cerebral Infarction",25367,0.1,"D002544","C23.550.513.355.250.200",5,"Description: The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM<br>caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow.<br>Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere<br>(i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction),<br>arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL<br>ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).",""],["Cerebral Infarction",25367,0.1,"D002544","C23.550.717.489.250.200",5,"Description: The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM<br>caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow.<br>Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere<br>(i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction),<br>arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL<br>ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).",""],["Chromosome Deletion",11140,0.0,"D002872","C23.550.210.050.500.500",0,"Description: Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.",""],["Color Vision Defects",3358,0.0,"D003117","C23.888.592.763.941.256",0,"Description: Defects of color vision are mainly hereditary traits<br>but can be secondary to acquired or developmental abnormalities<br>in the CONES (RETINA). Severity of hereditary defects of color<br>vision depends on the degree of mutation of the ROD OPSINS genes<br>(on X CHROMOSOME and CHROMOSOME 3) that code the photopigments<br>for red, green and blue.",""],["Unconsciousness",24166,0.1,"D014474","C23.888.592.604.359.800",5,"Description: Loss of the ability to maintain awareness of self<br>and environment combined with markedly reduced responsiveness to<br>environmental stimuli. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp344-5)",""],["Hearing Loss",74431,0.3,"D034381","C23.888.592.763.393.341",14,"Description: A general term for the complete or partial loss of<br>the ability to hear from one or both ears.",""],["Diplopia",2492,0.0,"D004172","C23.888.592.763.941.339",0,"Description: A visual symptom in which a single object is<br>perceived by the visual cortex as two objects rather than one.<br>Disorders associated with this condition include REFRACTIVE<br>ERRORS; STRABISMUS; OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES; TROCHLEAR NERVE<br>DISEASES; ABDUCENS NERVE DISEASES; and diseases of the BRAIN STEM<br>and OCCIPITAL LOBE.",""],["Dysgeusia",370,0.0,"D004408","C23.888.592.763.861.479",0,"Description: A condition characterized by alterations of the<br>sense of taste which may range from mild to severe, including<br>gross distortions of taste quality.",""],["Dysmenorrhea",3099,0.0,"D004412","C23.888.592.612.944.500",0,"Description: Painful menstruation.",""],["Empyema, Pleural",3947,0.0,"D016724","C23.550.470.756.305.250",1,"Description: Suppurative inflammation of the pleural space.",""],["Hemianopsia",1974,0.0,"D006423","C23.888.592.763.941.512",0,"Description: Partial or complete loss of vision in one half of<br>the visual field(s) of one or both eyes. Subtypes include<br>altitudinal hemianopsia, characterized by a visual defect above<br>or below the horizontal meridian of the visual field. Homonymous<br>hemianopsia refers to a visual defect that affects both eyes<br>equally, and occurs either to the left or right of the midline of<br>the visual field. Binasal hemianopsia consists of loss of vision<br>in the nasal hemifields of both eyes. Bitemporal hemianopsia is<br>the bilateral loss of vision in the temporal fields.<br>Quadrantanopsia refers to loss of vision in one quarter of the<br>visual field in one or both eyes.",""],["Bacteremia",27170,0.1,"D016470","C23.550.470.790.500.100",2,"Description: The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the<br>blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute<br>manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in<br>already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying<br>diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams<br>susceptible to invasion.",""],["Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic",1693,0.0,"D006549","C23.300.707.960.500.233",0,"Description: The type of DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA caused by TRAUMA or<br>injury, usually to the ABDOMEN.",""],["Hernia, Hiatal",5537,0.0,"D006551","C23.300.707.960.500.467",0,"Description: STOMACH herniation located at or near the<br>diaphragmatic opening for the ESOPHAGUS, the esophageal hiatus.",""],["Hernia, Umbilical",3236,0.0,"D006554","C23.300.707.374.937.500",0,"Description: A HERNIA due to an imperfect closure or weakness of<br>the umbilical ring. It appears as a skin-covered protrusion at<br>the UMBILICUS during crying, coughing, or straining. The hernia<br>generally consists of OMENTUM or SMALL INTESTINE. The vast<br>majority of umbilical hernias are congenital but can be acquired<br>due to severe abdominal distention.",""],["Horner Syndrome",1598,0.0,"D006732","C23.888.592.708.362.500",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with defective sympathetic<br>innervation to one side of the face, including the eye. Clinical<br>features include MIOSIS; mild BLEPHAROPTOSIS; and hemifacial<br>ANHIDROSIS (decreased sweating)(see HYPOHIDROSIS). Lesions of the<br>BRAIN STEM; cervical SPINAL CORD; first thoracic nerve root; apex<br>of the LUNG; CAROTID ARTERY; CAVERNOUS SINUS; and apex of the<br>ORBIT may cause this condition. (From Miller et al., Clinical<br>Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp500-11)",""],["Hyperalgesia",8724,0.0,"D006930","C23.888.592.763.770.400",0,"Description: An increased sensation of pain or discomfort<br>produced by minimally noxious stimuli due to damage to soft<br>tissue containing NOCICEPTORS or injury to a peripheral nerve.",""],["Hyperemesis Gravidarum",1583,0.0,"D006939","C23.888.821.937.049.500",0,"Description: Intractable VOMITING that develops in early<br>PREGNANCY and persists. This can lead to DEHYDRATION and WEIGHT<br>LOSS.",""],["Hyperesthesia",622,0.0,"D006941","C23.888.592.763.770.450",0,"Description: Increased sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation due<br>to a diminished threshold or an increased response to stimuli.",""],["Hypesthesia",1313,0.0,"D006987","C23.888.592.763.770.500",0,"Description: Absent or reduced sensitivity to cutaneous<br>stimulation.",""],["Illusions",4865,0.0,"D007088","C23.888.592.604.764.400",0,"Description: The misinterpretation of a real external, sensory<br>experience.",""],["Kearns-Sayre Syndrome",616,0.0,"D007625","C23.550.291.500.688.500",0,"Description: A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of<br>chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardiomyopathy<br>(CARDIOMYOPATHIES) with conduction block (HEART BLOCK), and<br>RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Disease onset is in the first or second<br>decade. Elevated CSF protein, sensorineural deafness, seizures,<br>and pyramidal signs may also be present. Ragged-red fibers are<br>found on muscle biopsy. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p984)",""],["Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External",1192,0.0,"D017246","C23.888.592.636.447.511",1,"Description: A mitochondrial myopathy characterized by slowly<br>progressive paralysis of the levator palpebrae, orbicularis<br>oculi, and extraocular muscles. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are<br>found on muscle biopsy. Familial and sporadic forms may occur.<br>Disease onset is usually in the first or second decade of life,<br>and the illness slowly progresses until usually all ocular<br>motility is lost. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1422)",""],["Kidney Failure, Chronic",79441,0.3,"D007676","C23.550.291.500.906.500",1,"Description: The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is<br>characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as<br>measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in<br>GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney<br>Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002).<br>These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY<br>TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Muscle Rigidity",1285,0.0,"D009127","C23.888.592.608.550.500",0,"Description: Continuous involuntary sustained muscle contraction<br>which is often a manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES. When an<br>affected muscle is passively stretched, the degree of resistance<br>remains constant regardless of the rate at which the muscle is<br>stretched. This feature helps to distinguish rigidity from MUSCLE<br>SPASTICITY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p73)",""],["Muscle Spasticity",6964,0.0,"D009128","C23.888.592.608.550.550",0,"Description: A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper<br>MOTOR NEURON DISEASE. Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic<br>muscle results in minimal initial resistance (a \"free interval\")<br>followed by an incremental increase in muscle tone. Tone<br>increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is<br>usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of<br>MUSCLE WEAKNESS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p54)",""],["Obesity, Morbid",22719,0.1,"D009767","C23.888.144.699.500.500",0,"Description: The condition of weighing two, three, or more times<br>the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many<br>serious and life-threatening disorders. In the BODY MASS INDEX,<br>morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 40.0<br>kg/m2.",""],["Paresthesia",2656,0.0,"D010292","C23.888.592.763.770.875",0,"Description: Subjective cutaneous sensations (e.g., cold, warmth,<br>tingling, pressure, etc.) that are experienced spontaneously in<br>the absence of stimulation.",""],["Phantom Limb",1646,0.0,"D010591","C23.888.592.604.764.700",0,"Description: Perception of painful and nonpainful phantom<br>sensations that occur following the complete or partial loss of a<br>limb. The majority of individuals with an amputated extremity<br>will experience the impression that the limb is still present,<br>and in many cases, painful. (From Neurol Clin 1998<br>Nov;16(4):919-36; Brain 1998 Sep;121(Pt 9):1603-30)",""],["Phantom Limb",1646,0.0,"D010591","C23.888.592.612.832.500",0,"Description: Perception of painful and nonpainful phantom<br>sensations that occur following the complete or partial loss of a<br>limb. The majority of individuals with an amputated extremity<br>will experience the impression that the limb is still present,<br>and in many cases, painful. (From Neurol Clin 1998<br>Nov;16(4):919-36; Brain 1998 Sep;121(Pt 9):1603-30)",""],["Psychomotor Agitation",3751,0.0,"D011595","C23.888.592.604.882.700",0,"Description: A feeling of restlessness associated with increased<br>motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous<br>system drug toxicity or other conditions.",""],["Pulmonary Emphysema",13055,0.1,"D011656","C23.550.291.500.875.875",0,"Description: Enlargement of air spaces distal to the TERMINAL<br>BRONCHIOLES where gas-exchange normally takes place. This is<br>usually due to destruction of the alveolar wall. Pulmonary<br>emphysema can be classified by the location and distribution of<br>the lesions.",""],["Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic",5025,0.0,"D011697","C23.550.414.950.687.680",0,"Description: An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused<br>by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles<br>and capillaries. Clinical features include THROMBOCYTOPENIA;<br>HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; AZOTEMIA; FEVER; and thrombotic<br>microangiopathy. The classical form also includes neurological<br>symptoms and end-organ damage, such as RENAL FAILURE. Mutations<br>in the ADAMTS13 PROTEIN gene have been identified in familial<br>cases.",""],["Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic",5025,0.0,"D011697","C23.888.885.687.687.680",0,"Description: An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused<br>by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles<br>and capillaries. Clinical features include THROMBOCYTOPENIA;<br>HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; AZOTEMIA; FEVER; and thrombotic<br>microangiopathy. The classical form also includes neurological<br>symptoms and end-organ damage, such as RENAL FAILURE. Mutations<br>in the ADAMTS13 PROTEIN gene have been identified in familial<br>cases.",""],["Hyperacusis",435,0.0,"D012001","C23.888.592.763.393.505",0,"Description: An abnormally disproportionate increase in the<br>sensation of loudness in response to auditory stimuli of normal<br>volume. COCHLEAR DISEASES; VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES;<br>FACIAL NERVE DISEASES; STAPES SURGERY; and other disorders may be<br>associated with this condition.",""],["Rectal Fistula",5524,0.0,"D012003","C23.300.575.185.550.600",1,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage connecting the RECTUM<br>to the outside, with an orifice at the site of drainage.",""],["Rigor Mortis",198,0.0,"D012298","C23.550.260.224.617.839",0,"Description: Muscular rigidity which develops in the cadaver<br>usually from 4 to 10 hours after death and lasts 3 or 4 days.",""],["Sciatica",4075,0.0,"D012585","C23.888.592.612.664.800",0,"Description: A condition characterized by pain radiating from the<br>back into the buttock and posterior/lateral aspects of the leg.<br>Sciatica may be a manifestation of SCIATIC NEUROPATHY;<br>RADICULOPATHY (involving the SPINAL NERVE ROOTS; L4, L5, S1, or<br>S2, often associated with INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT); or<br>lesions of the CAUDA EQUINA.",""],["Scotoma",1667,0.0,"D012607","C23.888.592.763.941.811",0,"Description: A localized defect in the visual field bordered by<br>an area of normal vision. This occurs with a variety of EYE<br>DISEASES (e.g., RETINAL DISEASES and GLAUCOMA); OPTIC NERVE<br>DISEASES, and other conditions.",""],["Shock, Cardiogenic",6811,0.0,"D012770","C23.550.513.355.750.750",0,"Description: Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in<br>heart disease.",""],["Shock, Cardiogenic",6811,0.0,"D012770","C23.550.717.489.750.750",0,"Description: Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in<br>heart disease.",""],["Shock, Septic",19566,0.1,"D012772","C23.550.470.790.500.800",0,"Description: Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion<br>despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may<br>include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or<br>acute alteration in mental status.",""],["Empyema, Subdural",773,0.0,"D013354","C23.550.470.756.305.500",0,"Description: An intracranial or rarely intraspinal suppurative<br>process invading the space between the inner surface of the DURA<br>MATER and the outer surface of the ARACHNOID.",""],["Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive",2584,0.0,"D013494","C23.888.592.636.447.690",0,"Description: A degenerative disease of the central nervous system<br>characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS<br>(supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing<br>difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth<br>decade and disease progression occurs over several years.<br>Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and<br>neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS;<br>RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)",""],["Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry",3180,0.0,"D013611","C23.550.073.845.787.500",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry of<br>atrial impulse into the dual (fast and slow) pathways of<br>ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. The common type involves a blocked atrial<br>impulse in the slow pathway which reenters the fast pathway in a<br>retrograde direction and simultaneously conducts to the atria and<br>the ventricles leading to rapid HEART RATE of 150-250 beats per<br>minute.",""],["Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial",1052,0.0,"D013612","C23.550.073.845.880.315",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats originating from one or<br>more automatic foci (nonsinus pacemakers) in the HEART ATRIUM but<br>away from the SINOATRIAL NODE. Unlike the reentry mechanism,<br>automatic tachycardia speeds up and slows down gradually. The<br>episode is characterized by a HEART RATE between 135 to less than<br>200 beats per minute and lasting 30 seconds or longer.",""],["Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional",367,0.0,"D013613","C23.550.073.845.880.320",0,"Description: A rare form of supraventricular tachycardia caused<br>by automatic, not reentrant, conduction initiated from sites at<br>the atrioventricular junction, but not the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE.<br>It usually occurs during myocardial infarction, after heart<br>surgery, or in digitalis intoxication with a HEART RATE ranging<br>from 140 to 250 beats per minute.",""],["Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry",125,0.0,"D013615","C23.550.073.845.787.750",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry<br>circuit in or around the SINOATRIAL NODE. It is characterized by<br>sudden onset and offset episodes of tachycardia with a HEART RATE<br>of 100-150 beats per minute. The P wave is identical to the sinus<br>P wave but with a longer PR interval.",""],["Tachycardia, Sinus",555,0.0,"D013616","C23.550.073.845.880.845",0,"Description: Simple rapid heartbeats caused by rapid discharge of<br>impulses from the SINOATRIAL NODE, usually between 100 and 180<br>beats/min in adults. It is characterized by a gradual onset and<br>termination. Sinus tachycardia is common in infants, young<br>children, and adults during strenuous physical activities.",""],["Tinnitus",7644,0.0,"D014012","C23.888.592.763.393.670",0,"Description: A nonspecific symptom of hearing disorder<br>characterized by the sensation of buzzing, ringing, clicking,<br>pulsations, and other noises in the ear. Objective tinnitus<br>refers to noises generated from within the ear or adjacent<br>structures that can be heard by other individuals. The term<br>subjective tinnitus is used when the sound is audible only to the<br>affected individual. Tinnitus may occur as a manifestation of<br>COCHLEAR DISEASES; VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL<br>HYPERTENSION; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; and other conditions.",""],["Toothache",1730,0.0,"D014098","C23.888.592.612.330.500",0,"Description: Pain in the adjacent areas of the teeth.",""],["Torticollis",3379,0.0,"D014103","C23.888.592.350.300.800",0,"Description: A symptom, not a disease, of a twisted neck. In most<br>instances, the head is tipped toward one side and the chin<br>rotated toward the other. The involuntary muscle contractions in<br>the neck region of patients with torticollis can be due to<br>congenital defects, trauma, inflammation, tumors, and<br>neurological or other factors.",""],["Tracheoesophageal Fistula",3289,0.0,"D014138","C23.300.575.185.250.725",0,"Description: Abnormal passage between the ESOPHAGUS and the<br>TRACHEA, acquired or congenital, often associated with ESOPHAGEAL<br>ATRESIA.",""],["Trismus",984,0.0,"D014313","C23.888.592.608.750.700",0,"Description: Spasmodic contraction of the masseter muscle<br>resulting in forceful jaw closure. This may be seen with a<br>variety of diseases, including TETANUS, as a complication of<br>radiation therapy, trauma, or in association with neoplastic<br>conditions.",""],["Urinary Incontinence, Stress",11031,0.0,"D014550","C23.888.942.343.800.500",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE as a result of<br>physical activities that increase abdominal pressure on the<br>URINARY BLADDER without detrusor contraction or overdistended<br>bladder. The subtypes are classified by the degree of leakage,<br>descent and opening of the bladder neck and URETHRA without<br>bladder contraction, and sphincter deficiency.",""],["Vesicovaginal Fistula",2295,0.0,"D014719","C23.300.575.825.250.775",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the URINARY<br>BLADDER and the VAGINA.",""],["Viremia",3904,0.0,"D014766","C23.550.470.790.500.900",1,"Description: The presence of viruses in the blood.",""],["Brain Stem Infarctions",1445,0.0,"D020526","C23.550.513.355.250.100",1,"Description: Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is<br>comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA. There are<br>several named syndromes characterized by their distinctive<br>clinical manifestations and specific sites of ischemic injury.",""],["Brain Stem Infarctions",1445,0.0,"D020526","C23.550.717.489.250.100",1,"Description: Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is<br>comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA. There are<br>several named syndromes characterized by their distinctive<br>clinical manifestations and specific sites of ischemic injury.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral",1282,0.0,"D015229","C23.550.291.531.937.640",0,"Description: Viral diseases which are transmitted or propagated<br>by sexual conduct.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial",919,0.0,"D015231","C23.550.291.531.937.281",0,"Description: Bacterial diseases transmitted or propagated by<br>sexual conduct.",""],["Vision, Low",3177,0.0,"D015354","C23.888.592.763.941.848",0,"Description: Vision considered to be inferior to normal vision as<br>represented by accepted standards of acuity, field of vision, or<br>motility. Low vision generally refers to visual disorders that<br>are caused by diseases that cannot be corrected by refraction<br>(e.g., MACULAR DEGENERATION; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; DIABETIC<br>RETINOPATHY, etc.).",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase",122,0.0,"D015465","C23.550.291.500.485.300",0,"Description: The phase of chronic myeloid leukemia following the<br>chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC-PHASE), where there are<br>increased systemic symptoms, worsening cytopenias, and refractory<br>LEUKOCYTOSIS.",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase",928,0.0,"D015466","C23.550.291.500.485.400",0,"Description: The initial phase of chronic myeloid leukemia<br>consisting of an relatively indolent period lasting from 4 to 7<br>years. Patients range from asymptomatic to those exhibiting<br>ANEMIA; SPLENOMEGALY; and increased cell turnover. There are 5%<br>or fewer blast cells in the blood and bone marrow in this phase.",""],["Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm",100,0.0,"D016170","C23.550.073.845.940.349",0,"Description: A type of automatic, not reentrant, ectopic<br>ventricular rhythm with episodes lasting from a few seconds to a<br>minute which usually occurs in patients with acute myocardial<br>infarction or with DIGITALIS toxicity. The ventricular rate is<br>faster than normal but slower than tachycardia, with an upper<br>limit of 100 -120 beats per minute. Suppressive therapy is rarely<br>necessary.",""],["Torsades de Pointes",2174,0.0,"D016171","C23.550.073.845.940.700",0,"Description: A malignant form of polymorphic ventricular<br>tachycardia that is characterized by HEART RATE between 200 and<br>250 beats per minute, and QRS complexes with changing amplitude<br>and twisting of the points. The term also describes the syndrome<br>of tachycardia with prolonged ventricular repolarization, long QT<br>intervals exceeding 500 milliseconds or BRADYCARDIA. Torsades de<br>pointes may be self-limited or may progress to VENTRICULAR<br>FIBRILLATION.",""],["Fungemia",4397,0.0,"D016469","C23.550.470.790.500.360",1,"Description: The presence of fungi circulating in the blood.<br>Opportunistic fungal sepsis is seen most often in<br>immunosuppressed patients with severe neutropenia or in<br>postoperative patients with intravenous catheters and usually<br>follows prolonged antibiotic therapy.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic",7621,0.0,"D016553","C23.550.414.950.687.600",0,"Description: Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic<br>exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is<br>mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo<br>destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute<br>(affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic",7621,0.0,"D016553","C23.888.885.687.687.600",0,"Description: Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic<br>exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is<br>mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G<br>autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo<br>destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute<br>(affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.",""],["Epilepsia Partialis Continua",264,0.0,"D017036","C23.888.592.742.785.260",0,"Description: A variant of EPILEPSY characterized by continuous<br>focal jerking of a body part over a period of hours, days, or<br>even years without spreading to other body regions. Contractions<br>may be aggravated by movement and are reduced, but not abolished<br>during sleep. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY demonstrates epileptiform<br>(spike and wave) discharges over the hemisphere opposite to the<br>affected limb in most instances. The repetitive movements may<br>originate from the CEREBRAL CORTEX or from subcortical structures<br>(e.g., BRAIN STEM; BASAL GANGLIA). This condition is associated<br>with Russian Spring and Summer encephalitis (see ENCEPHALITIS,<br>TICK BORNE); Rasmussen syndrome (see ENCEPHALITIS); MULTIPLE<br>SCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; and<br>CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS. (From Brain, 1996<br>April;119(pt2):393-407; Epilepsia 1993;34;Suppl 1:S29-S36; and<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p319)",""],["Akathisia, Drug-Induced",902,0.0,"D017109","C23.888.592.350.600.500",0,"Description: A condition associated with the use of certain<br>medications and characterized by an internal sense of motor<br>restlessness often described as an inability to resist the urge<br>to move.",""],["Low Back Pain",23491,0.1,"D017116","C23.888.592.612.107.400",0,"Description: Acute or chronic pain in the lumbar or sacral<br>regions, which may be associated with musculo-ligamentous SPRAINS<br>AND STRAINS; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; and other<br>conditions.",""],["Brown-Sequard Syndrome",304,0.0,"D018437","C23.888.592.636.637.300",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with injury to the lateral<br>half of the spinal cord. The condition is characterized by the<br>following clinical features (which are found below the level of<br>the lesion): contralateral hemisensory anesthesia to pain and<br>temperature, ipsilateral loss of propioception, and ipsilateral<br>motor paralysis. Tactile sensation is generally spared. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p162).",""],["Parasitemia",2001,0.0,"D018512","C23.550.470.790.500.580",0,"Description: The presence of parasites (especially malarial<br>parasites) in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Hemifacial Spasm",1365,0.0,"D019569","C23.888.592.608.750.400",0,"Description: Recurrent clonic contraction of facial muscles,<br>restricted to one side. It may occur as a manifestation of<br>compressive lesions involving the seventh cranial nerve (FACIAL<br>NERVE DISEASES), during recovery from BELL PALSY, or in<br>association with other disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p1378)",""],["Hepatitis B, Chronic",18726,0.1,"D019694","C23.550.291.500.477.500",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily<br>transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of<br>contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted<br>via sexual or intimate personal contact.",""],["Hepatitis C, Chronic",28766,0.1,"D019698","C23.550.291.500.477.750",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused<br>by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic<br>hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Hepatitis D, Chronic",311,0.0,"D019701","C23.550.291.500.477.875",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by<br>HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS in conjunction with HEPATITIS B VIRUS and<br>lasting six months or more.",""],["Shoulder Pain",4106,0.0,"D020069","C23.888.592.612.094.700",0,"Description: Unilateral or bilateral pain of the shoulder. It is<br>often caused by physical activities such as work or sports<br>participation, but may also be pathologic in origin.",""],["Anticipation, Genetic",138,0.0,"D020132","C23.550.291.687.500.500",0,"Description: The apparent tendency of certain diseases to appear<br>at earlier AGE OF ONSET and with increasing severity in<br>successive generations. (Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics:<br>Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)",""],["Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage",368,0.0,"D020145","C23.550.414.913.100.200",1,"Description: Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral<br>hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associated with<br>HYPERTENSION or ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS. Clinical<br>manifestations may include HEADACHE; DYSKINESIAS; and<br>HEMIPARESIS.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Acute",817,0.0,"D020199","C23.550.414.838.700.100",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>acute onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Acute",817,0.0,"D020199","C23.550.414.913.700.100",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>acute onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic",1931,0.0,"D020200","C23.550.414.838.700.200",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic",1931,0.0,"D020200","C23.550.414.913.700.200",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C23.300.575.950.250.500",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Gait Ataxia",299,0.0,"D020234","C23.888.592.350.090.600",0,"Description: Impairment of the ability to coordinate the<br>movements required for normal ambulation (WALKING) which may<br>result from impairments of motor function or sensory feedback.<br>This condition may be associated with BRAIN DISEASES (including<br>CEREBELLAR DISEASES and BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES); SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES; or PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES.",""],["Paraparesis, Spastic",381,0.0,"D020336","C23.888.592.643.500.500",0,"Description: Mild or moderate loss of motor function accompanied<br>by spasticity in the lower extremities. This condition is a<br>manifestation of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that cause<br>injury to the motor cortex or descending motor pathways.",""],["Photophobia",469,0.0,"D020795","C23.888.592.763.941.661",0,"Description: Abnormal sensitivity to light. This may occur as a<br>manifestation of EYE DISEASES; MIGRAINE; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE;<br>MENINGITIS; and other disorders. Photophobia may also occur in<br>association with DEPRESSION and other MENTAL DISORDERS.",""],["Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain",6617,0.0,"D020925","C23.888.852.079.797.500",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in<br>the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the<br>brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from<br>systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated<br>with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA;<br>COMA; and other conditions.",""],["Bronchitis, Chronic",1669,0.0,"D029481","C23.550.291.500.875.750",0,"Description: A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY<br>DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus<br>accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive<br>years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of<br>chronic bronchitis.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial",299,0.0,"D046648","C23.550.414.838.700.400",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE over the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial",299,0.0,"D046648","C23.550.414.913.700.400",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE over the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Spinal",244,0.0,"D046649","C23.550.414.838.700.700",0,"Description: Subdural hematoma of the SPINAL CANAL.",""],["Neuralgia, Postherpetic",1180,0.0,"D051474","C23.888.592.612.664.550",0,"Description: Pain in nerves, frequently involving facial SKIN,<br>resulting from the activation the latent varicella-zoster virus<br>(HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). The two forms of the condition preceding<br>the pain are HERPES ZOSTER OTICUS; and HERPES ZOSTER<br>OPHTHALMICUS. Following the healing of the rashes and blisters,<br>the pain sometimes persists.",""],["Urinary Incontinence, Urge",752,0.0,"D053202","C23.888.942.343.800.750",0,"Description: Involuntary discharge of URINE that is associated<br>with an abrupt and strong desire to void. It is usually related<br>to the involuntary contractions of the detrusor muscle of the<br>bladder (detrusor hyperreflexia or detrusor instability).",""],["Failed Back Surgery Syndrome",408,0.0,"D055111","C23.888.592.612.107.200",0,"Description: A condition of persistent pain and discomfort in the<br>BACK and the LEG following lumbar surgery, often seen in patients<br>enrolled in pain centers.",""],["Sarcopenia",7722,0.0,"D055948","C23.888.592.608.612.500",0,"Description: Progressive decline in muscle mass due to aging<br>which results in decreased functional capacity of muscles.",""],["Piriformis Muscle Syndrome",194,0.0,"D055958","C23.888.592.612.664.675",0,"Description: A chronic PELVIC PAIN characterized by pain deep in<br>the buttock that may radiate to posterior aspects of the leg. It<br>is caused by the piriformis muscle compressing or irritating the<br>SCIATIC NERVE due to trauma, hypertrophy, inflammation or<br>anatomic variations.",""],["Piriformis Muscle Syndrome",194,0.0,"D055958","C23.888.592.612.944.750",0,"Description: A chronic PELVIC PAIN characterized by pain deep in<br>the buttock that may radiate to posterior aspects of the leg. It<br>is caused by the piriformis muscle compressing or irritating the<br>SCIATIC NERVE due to trauma, hypertrophy, inflammation or<br>anatomic variations.",""],["Slit Ventricle Syndrome",29,0.0,"D056124","C23.888.592.612.441.500",0,"Description: An intermittent and self-limiting headache disorder<br>in individuals with CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SHUNTS emplaced for the<br>treatment of HYDROCEPHALUS. The symptoms of headache, vomiting,<br>and cranial neuropathies are associated with intermittent<br>obstruction of the shunt.",""],["Obesity, Abdominal",3462,0.0,"D056128","C23.888.144.699.500.063",0,"Description: A condition of having excess fat in the abdomen.<br>Abdominal obesity is typically defined as waist circumferences of<br>40 inches or more in men and 35 inches or more in women.<br>Abdominal obesity raises the risk of developing disorders, such<br>as DIABETES; HYPERTENSION; and METABOLIC SYNDROME.",""],["Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction",952,0.0,"D056988","C23.550.513.355.750.093",0,"Description: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the anterior wall of<br>the heart is involved. Anterior wall myocardial infarction is<br>often caused by occlusion of the left anterior descending<br>coronary artery. It can be categorized as anteroseptal or<br>anterolateral wall myocardial infarction.",""],["Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction",952,0.0,"D056988","C23.550.717.489.750.093",0,"Description: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the anterior wall of<br>the heart is involved. Anterior wall myocardial infarction is<br>often caused by occlusion of the left anterior descending<br>coronary artery. It can be categorized as anteroseptal or<br>anterolateral wall myocardial infarction.",""],["Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction",384,0.0,"D056989","C23.550.513.355.750.187",0,"Description: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the inferior wall of<br>the heart is involved. It is often caused by occlusion of the<br>right coronary artery.",""],["Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction",384,0.0,"D056989","C23.550.717.489.750.187",0,"Description: MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the inferior wall of<br>the heart is involved. It is often caused by occlusion of the<br>right coronary artery.",""],["Visceral Pain",705,0.0,"D059265","C23.888.592.612.720.500",0,"Description: Pain originating from internal organs (VISCERA)<br>associated with autonomic phenomena (PALLOR; SWEATING; NAUSEA;<br>and VOMITING). It often becomes a REFERRED PAIN.",""],["Pelvic Girdle Pain",214,0.0,"D059388","C23.888.592.612.547.500",0,"Description: Discomfort associated with the bones that make up<br>the pelvic girdle. It occurs frequently during pregnancy.",""],["Pelvic Girdle Pain",214,0.0,"D059388","C23.888.592.612.944.625",0,"Description: Discomfort associated with the bones that make up<br>the pelvic girdle. It occurs frequently during pregnancy.",""],["Stroke, Lacunar",633,0.0,"D059409","C23.550.513.355.250.600",0,"Description: Stroke caused by lacunar infarction or other small<br>vessel diseases of the brain. It features hemiparesis (see<br>PARESIS), hemisensory, or hemisensory motor loss.",""],["Stroke, Lacunar",633,0.0,"D059409","C23.550.717.489.250.600",0,"Description: Stroke caused by lacunar infarction or other small<br>vessel diseases of the brain. It features hemiparesis (see<br>PARESIS), hemisensory, or hemisensory motor loss.",""],["Ophthalmoplegic Migraine",62,0.0,"D060486","C23.888.592.636.447.600",0,"Description: Childhood-onset of recurrent headaches with an<br>oculomotor cranial nerve palsy. Typically, ABDUCENS NERVE;<br>OCULOMOTOR NERVE; and TROCHLEAR NERVE are involved with DIPLOPIA<br>and BLEPHAROPTOSIS.",""],["Pudendal Neuralgia",126,0.0,"D060545","C23.888.592.612.664.737",0,"Description: Pain associated with a damaged PUDENDAL NERVE.<br>Clinical features may include positional pain with sitting in the<br>perineal and genital areas, sexual dysfunction and FECAL<br>INCONTINENCE and URINARY INCONTINENCE.",""],["Alice in Wonderland Syndrome",61,0.0,"D062026","C23.888.592.604.764.150",0,"Description: Neurological condition characterized by disturbances<br>in VISUAL PERCEPTION, most often of BODY SCHEMA, TIME PERCEPTION<br>and HALLUCINATIONS. It is associated with MIGRAINE, infections<br>(e.g., INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS), FEVER, EPILEPSY, and other<br>neurological and psychiatric disorders.",""],["Alice in Wonderland Syndrome",61,0.0,"D062026","C23.888.592.763.941.036",0,"Description: Neurological condition characterized by disturbances<br>in VISUAL PERCEPTION, most often of BODY SCHEMA, TIME PERCEPTION<br>and HALLUCINATIONS. It is associated with MIGRAINE, infections<br>(e.g., INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS), FEVER, EPILEPSY, and other<br>neurological and psychiatric disorders.",""],["Bland White Garland Syndrome",206,0.0,"D063748","C23.300.575.950.150.500",0,"Description: A congenital coronary vessel anomaly in which the<br>left main CORONARY ARTERY originates from the PULMONARY ARTERY<br>instead of from AORTA. The congenital heart defect typically<br>results in coronary artery FISTULA; LEFT-SIDED HEART FAILURE and<br>MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY during the first months of life.",""],["Pediatric Obesity",11697,0.0,"D063766","C23.888.144.699.500.750",0,"Description: BODY MASS INDEX in children (ages 2-12) and in<br>adolescents (ages 13-18) that is grossly above the recommended<br>cut-off for a specific age and sex. For infants less than 2 years<br>of age, obesity is determined based on standard weight-for-length<br>percentile measures.",""],["Myalgia",1453,0.0,"D063806","C23.888.592.612.547.249",0,"Description: Painful sensation in the muscles.",""],["Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital",4227,0.0,"D065630","C23.300.707.960.500.116",0,"Description: Protrusion of abdominal structures into the THORAX<br>as a result of embryologic defects in the DIAPHRAGM often present<br>in the neonatal period. It can be isolated, syndromic, non-<br>syndromic or be a part of chromosome abnormality. Associated<br>pulmonary hypoplasia and PULMONARY HYPERTENSION can further<br>complicate stabilization and surgical intervention.",""],["Karoshi Death",3,0.0,"D065907","C23.550.260.322.250.500",0,"Description: Sudden death from overwork, most often as a result<br>of acute CARDIOVASCULAR STROKE.",""],["Allesthesia",9,0.0,"D066190","C23.888.592.604.764.175",0,"Description: A neurological disorder in which a sensory stimulus,<br>usually tactile but more rarely other sensory modalities, is<br>misperceived in a location distant from the original stimulus.",""],["Abdominal Pain",18088,0.1,"D015746","C23.888.592.612.054",1,"Description: Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the<br>abdominal region.",""],["Abdomen, Acute",7485,0.0,"D000006","C23.888.821.030.249",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome with acute abdominal pain that<br>is severe, localized, and rapid in onset. Acute abdomen may be<br>caused by a variety of disorders, injuries, or diseases.",""],["Abscess",21064,0.1,"D000038","C23.550.470.756.100",0,"Description: Accumulation of purulent material in tissues,<br>organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of<br>infection.",""],["Symptom Flare Up",294,0.0,"D000067251","C23.550.291.937.500",0,"Description: A transient exacerbation of symptoms of an existing<br>disease or condition.",""],["Obesity",189421,0.8,"D009765","C23.888.144.699.500",5,"Description: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the<br>recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS<br>in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or<br>cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than<br>30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2<br>is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).",""],["Compassion Fatigue",673,0.0,"D000068376","C23.888.369.500.500",0,"Description: Emotional distress caused by repeated or prolonged<br>expression of compassion or empathy. It may occur in individuals<br>working in care giving professions.",""],["Kidney Calculi",17862,0.1,"D007669","C23.300.175.850.550",1,"Description: Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-<br>collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary<br>and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.",""],["Metatarsalgia",394,0.0,"D037061","C23.888.592.612.540",1,"Description: Pain in the region of the METATARSUS. It can include<br>pain in the METATARSAL BONES; METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT; and/or<br>intermetatarsal joints (TARSAL JOINTS).",""],["Neuralgia",21146,0.1,"D009437","C23.888.592.612.664",5,"Description: Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course<br>or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.",""],["Brain Damage, Chronic",9847,0.0,"D001925","C23.550.291.500.063",2,"Description: A condition characterized by long-standing brain<br>dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or<br>longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain<br>NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA,<br>BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic<br>disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.",""],["Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced",5922,0.0,"D004409","C23.888.592.350.275",1,"Description: Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS;<br>HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of<br>certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck,<br>and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia<br>refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the<br>face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic<br>agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)",""],["Alert Fatigue, Health Personnel",38,0.0,"D000071064","C23.888.369.500.250",0,"Description: Mental fatigue experienced by health care providers<br>who encounter numerous alerts and reminders from the use of<br>CLINICAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS. As the numbers of alerts and<br>reminders designed to provide meaningful assistance to the<br>patient care process increases, many health personnel may ignore<br>them.",""],["Multiple Chronic Conditions",563,0.0,"D000071069","C23.550.291.500.500",0,"Description: Two or more concurrent chronic physical, mental, or<br>behavioral health problems in an individual.",""],["Sepsis",113135,0.5,"D018805","C23.550.470.790.500",10,"Description: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a<br>proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is<br>associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of<br>infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied<br>by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called<br>SEPTIC SHOCK.",""],["Confusion",14186,0.1,"D003221","C23.888.592.604.339",2,"Description: A mental state characterized by bewilderment,<br>emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual<br>disorientation.",""],["Myocardial Infarction",161000,0.7,"D009203","C23.550.513.355.750",6,"Description: NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction<br>of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).",""],["Myocardial Infarction",161000,0.7,"D009203","C23.550.717.489.750",6,"Description: NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction<br>of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).",""],["Cancer Pain",1987,0.0,"D000072716","C23.888.592.612.212",0,"Description: Pain that may be caused by or related to cellular,<br>tissue, and systemic changes that occur during NEOPLASM growth,<br>tissue invasion, and METASTASIS.",""],["Pain, Procedural",618,0.0,"D000073818","C23.888.592.612.860",0,"Description: Pain associated with examination, treatment or<br>procedures.",""],["Interatrial Block",84,0.0,"D000074021","C23.550.073.425.270",0,"Description: Impaired or delayed impulse conduction between the<br>right and left HEART ATRIA. Advanced interatrial blocks are often<br>associated with arrhythmias (e.g., ATRIAL FLUTTER; and ATRIAL<br>FIBRILLATION), direct conduction block via the Bachmann's bundle<br>and concomitant left atrial enlargement. Syndrome of advanced<br>interatrial block associated with SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA is<br>referred to as Bayes syndrome.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage",27185,0.1,"D002543","C23.550.414.913.100",3,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES<br>including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often<br>associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.",""],["Perceptual Disorders",24257,0.1,"D010468","C23.888.592.604.764",10,"Description: Cognitive disorders characterized by an impaired<br>ability to perceive the nature of objects or concepts through use<br>of the sense organs. These include spatial neglect syndromes,<br>where an individual does not attend to visual, auditory, or<br>sensory stimuli presented from one side of the body.",""],["Clinical Deterioration",351,0.0,"D000075902","C23.550.291.656.350",0,"Description: A critical disease progression, often measured by a<br>set of clinical parameters, which activates HOSPITAL RAPID<br>RESPONSE TEAM.",""],["Memory Disorders",25886,0.1,"D008569","C23.888.592.604.529",6,"Description: Disturbances in registering an impression, in the<br>retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an<br>impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA;<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL<br>AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.",""],["Communicable Diseases, Imported",534,0.0,"D000076263","C23.550.291.531.875",0,"Description: Infectious diseases originating in one<br>geographically delineated ecosystem that are carried (by travel<br>or immigration) to another geographically delineated ecosystem by<br>an infected individual, animal, or disease vector.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Underactive",147,0.0,"D000077295","C23.888.942.343.790",0,"Description: Symptom of underactive detrusor muscle of the<br>URINARY BLADDER that contracts with abnormally reduced strength<br>or duration resulting in an incomplete and/or prolonged bladder<br>emptying.",""],["Cross Infection",52391,0.2,"D003428","C23.550.291.875.500",2,"Description: Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-<br>care institution.",""],["Post-Lyme Disease Syndrome",49,0.0,"D000077342","C23.550.291.500.844",0,"Description: A condition caused by long-lasting and ongoing<br>infection with the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi resulting in<br>progressive inflammatory neurologic, neuromuscular, and<br>dermatologic manifestations including ENCEPHALITIS; MYELITIS;<br>acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans; and ARTHRITIS.",""],["Body-Weight Trajectory",157,0.0,"D000077962","C23.888.144.243.463",0,"Description: A general pattern of body weight gain or loss over<br>many years. Weight change trajectory is influenced by several<br>determinants in children and adults.",""],["Weight Gain",12355,0.1,"D015430","C23.888.144.243.926",2,"Description: Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.",""],["Opioid-Induced Constipation",63,0.0,"D000079689","C23.888.821.150.500",0,"Description: CONSTIPATION associated with the use of OPIOIDS.",""],["Extranodal Extension",86,0.0,"D000079822","C23.550.727.650.280",0,"Description: A penetration of LYMPH NODE metastatic cells through<br>the nodal capsule into the perinodal fatty tissue used in a TUMOR<br>STAGING system (the TNM staging system).",""],["Chronic Urticaria",498,0.0,"D000080223","C23.550.291.500.360",0,"Description: Wheals (urticaria) and/or angioedema presented with<br>daily symptoms lasting for more than 6 weeks. It may be<br>classified into chronic spontaneous and chronic inducible<br>urticaria depending on whether a specific trigger can be linked<br>to the development of vascular reaction.",""],["Quadriplegia",5218,0.0,"D011782","C23.888.592.636.786",1,"Description: Severe or complete loss of motor function in all<br>four limbs which may result from BRAIN DISEASES; SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR<br>DISEASES; or rarely MUSCULAR DISEASES. The locked-in syndrome is<br>characterized by quadriplegia in combination with cranial muscle<br>paralysis. Consciousness is spared and the only retained<br>voluntary motor activity may be limited eye movements. This<br>condition is usually caused by a lesion in the upper BRAIN STEM<br>which injures the descending cortico-spinal and cortico-bulbar<br>tracts.",""],["Cytokine Release Syndrome",1003,0.0,"D000080424","C23.550.470.790.250",0,"Description: A severe immune reaction characterized by excessive<br>release of CYTOKINES. Symptoms include DYSPNEA; FEVER; HEADACHE;<br>HYPOTENSION; NAUSEA; RASH; TACHYCARDIA; HYPOXIA;<br>HYPERFERRITINEMIA, and MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE. It is associated<br>with viral infections, SEPSIS; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES and a variety<br>of factors used in IMMUNOTHERAPY.",""],["Cytokine Release Syndrome",1003,0.0,"D000080424","C23.550.835.900.356",0,"Description: A severe immune reaction characterized by excessive<br>release of CYTOKINES. Symptoms include DYSPNEA; FEVER; HEADACHE;<br>HYPOTENSION; NAUSEA; RASH; TACHYCARDIA; HYPOXIA;<br>HYPERFERRITINEMIA, and MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE. It is associated<br>with viral infections, SEPSIS; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES and a variety<br>of factors used in IMMUNOTHERAPY.",""],["Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive",63090,0.3,"D029424","C23.550.291.500.875",3,"Description: A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow<br>obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and<br>PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.",""],["Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy",163,0.0,"D000080485","C23.550.260.322.812",0,"Description: Sudden death in a patient with EPILEPSY associated<br>with SEIZURES and seizure-related symptoms (e.g., APNEA;<br>HYPOXEMIA) without other identifiable accidental causes (e.g.,<br>DROWNING; WOUNDS AND INJURIES).",""],["Communication Disorders",71990,0.3,"D003147","C23.888.592.604.150",25,"Description: Disorders of verbal and nonverbal communication<br>caused by receptive or expressive LANGUAGE DISORDERS, cognitive<br>dysfunction (e.g., MENTAL RETARDATION), psychiatric conditions,<br>and HEARING DISORDERS.",""],["Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome",34,0.0,"D000080942","C23.550.767.877.625",0,"Description: A reperfusion syndrome characterized by various<br>pathophysiological processes after CARDIAC ARREST. It may<br>include post-cardiac arrest brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA,<br>BRAIN), cardiocirculatory dysfunction, (e.g., systemic ISCHEMIA),<br>HYPERGLYCEMIA; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE and delayed death.",""],["Hepatic Infarction",17,0.0,"D000081011","C23.550.513.355.500",0,"Description: Formation of infarct resulting from obstruction of<br>HEPATIC ARTERY and/or PORTAL VEIN most often after LIVER<br>TRANSPLANTATION or hepatobiliary surgery.",""],["Hepatic Infarction",17,0.0,"D000081011","C23.550.717.489.500",0,"Description: Formation of infarct resulting from obstruction of<br>HEPATIC ARTERY and/or PORTAL VEIN most often after LIVER<br>TRANSPLANTATION or hepatobiliary surgery.",""],["Pancreatitis, Chronic",5428,0.0,"D050500","C23.550.291.500.750",1,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS that is characterized<br>by recurring or persistent ABDOMINAL PAIN with or without<br>STEATORRHEA or DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the<br>irregular destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma which may be<br>focal, segmental, or diffuse.",""],["Paraduodenal Hernia",6,0.0,"D000082123","C23.300.707.960.750",0,"Description: A protrusion of the SMALL INTESTINE through an<br>opening in the MESENTERY.",""],["Cell Transformation, Neoplastic",42057,0.2,"D002471","C23.550.727.098.500",3,"Description: Cell changes manifested by escape from control<br>mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell<br>surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical<br>deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the<br>ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.",""],["Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome",34,0.0,"D000083182","C23.550.291.500.282",0,"Description: Compartment syndrome characterized by pain in muscle<br>groups with elevated compartment pressures due most often<br>exercise training in athletes. Most often encountered chronic<br>exertional compartment syndrome is in the anterior or deep<br>posterior compartments of the lower leg in athletes in training<br>similar to POPLITEAL ARTERY ENTRAPMENT SYNDROME.",""],["Reinfection",245,0.0,"D000084063","C23.550.291.937.250",0,"Description: Infection by the same infectious agent following a<br>recovery. Reinfection may be by a different strain or the same<br>strain.",""],["Olfaction Disorders",5034,0.0,"D000857","C23.888.592.763.550",1,"Description: Impaired ability to smell. This may be caused by<br>OLFACTORY NERVE DISEASES; PARANASAL SINUS DISEASES; viral<br>RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; SMOKING; and<br>other conditions.",""],["Blood-Borne Infections",33,0.0,"D000086982","C23.550.291.531.500",0,"Description: Diseases due to or propagated by body fluids from<br>hosts whose BLOOD has been contaminated with pathogens.",""],["Mania",134,0.0,"D000087122","C23.888.592.604.487",0,"Description: A state of elevated excitement with over-activity<br>sometimes accompanied with psychotic symptoms (e.g., PSYCHOMOTOR<br>AGITATION, inflated SELF ESTEEM and flight of ideas). It is often<br>associated with mental disorders (e.g., CYCLOTHYMIC DISORDER; and<br>BIPOLAR DISEASES).",""],["Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia",62,0.0,"D000089802","C23.550.291.500.298",0,"Description: A severe form of peripheral artery disease in which<br>a hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue is caused<br>by occlusion of peripheral arterial vessels. It is associated<br>with the presence of chronic ischemic rest pain, ulceration or<br>GANGRENE.",""],["Erythema Ab Igne",2,0.0,"D000089965","C23.888.885.328.500",0,"Description: A cutaneous finding caused by prolonged heat<br>exposure (e.g., space heater) and local heat injury (e.g., caused<br>by LASER THERAPY). It is characterized by epidermal atrophy,<br>reticular hyperpigmentation, and telangiectatic dermatosis.",""],["Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures",6,0.0,"D000091323","C23.888.592.742.357",0,"Description: Seizures caused by psychological factors without<br>electrophysiological epileptic changes.",""],["Weight Loss",22220,0.1,"D015431","C23.888.144.243.963",3,"Description: Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT.",""],["Adams-Stokes Syndrome",1074,0.0,"D000219","C23.550.073.425.025",0,"Description: A condition of fainting spells caused by heart<br>block, often an atrioventricular block, that leads to BRADYCARDIA<br>and drop in CARDIAC OUTPUT. When the cardiac output becomes too<br>low, the patient faints (SYNCOPE). In some cases, the syncope<br>attacks are transient and in others cases repetitive and<br>persistent.",""],["Tissue Adhesions",4707,0.0,"D000267","C23.550.355.274.840",0,"Description: Pathological processes consisting of the union of<br>the opposing surfaces of a wound.",""],["Taste Disorders",2053,0.0,"D013651","C23.888.592.763.861",2,"Description: Conditions characterized by an alteration in<br>gustatory function or perception. Taste disorders are frequently<br>associated with OLFACTION DISORDERS. Additional potential<br>etiologies include METABOLIC DISEASES; DRUG TOXICITY; and taste<br>pathway disorders (e.g., TASTE BUD diseases; FACIAL NERVE<br>DISEASES; GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE DISEASES; and BRAIN STEM<br>diseases).",""],["Albuminuria",8814,0.0,"D000419","C23.888.942.750.269",0,"Description: The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator<br>of KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Vision Disorders",54287,0.2,"D014786","C23.888.592.763.941",12,"Description: Visual impairments limiting one or more of the basic<br>functions of the eye: visual acuity, dark adaptation, color<br>vision, or peripheral vision. These may result from EYE DISEASES;<br>OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; VISUAL PATHWAY diseases; OCCIPITAL LOBE<br>diseases; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS; and other conditions (From<br>Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p132).",""],["Chest Pain",40225,0.2,"D002637","C23.888.592.612.233",4,"Description: Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.",""],["Aphonia",236,0.0,"D001044","C23.888.592.979.100",0,"Description: Complete loss of phonation due to organic disease of<br>the larynx or to nonorganic (i.e., psychogenic) causes.",""],["Psychomotor Disorders",9522,0.0,"D011596","C23.888.592.604.882",5,"Description: Abnormalities of motor function that are associated<br>with organic and non-organic cognitive disorders.",""],["Arterio-Arterial Fistula",1492,0.0,"D001159","C23.300.575.950.150",1,"Description: Abnormal communication between two ARTERIES that may<br>result from injury or occur as a congenital abnormality.",""],["Arteriovenous Fistula",14601,0.1,"D001164","C23.300.575.950.250",1,"Description: An abnormal direct communication between an artery<br>and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. An A-V<br>fistula usually leads to the formation of a dilated sac-like<br>connection, arteriovenous aneurysm. The locations and size of the<br>shunts determine the degree of effects on the cardiovascular<br>functions such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.",""],["Ataxia",9710,0.0,"D001259","C23.888.592.350.090",2,"Description: Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly<br>coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the<br>limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia<br>may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory<br>ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL<br>NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR<br>DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL<br>GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other<br>conditions.",""],["Athetosis",928,0.0,"D001264","C23.888.592.350.110",0,"Description: A dyskinesia characterized by an inability to<br>maintain the fingers, toes, tongue, or other body parts in a<br>stable position, resulting in continuous slow, sinusoidal, and<br>flowing involuntary movements. This condition is frequently<br>accompanied by CHOREA, where it is referred to as<br>choreoathetosis. Athetosis may occur as a manifestation of BASAL<br>GANGLIA DISEASES or DRUG TOXICITY. (From Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, p76)",""],["Postmortem Changes",4586,0.0,"D011180","C23.550.260.224.617",2,"Description: Physiological changes that occur in bodies after<br>death.",""],["Back Pain",37011,0.2,"D001416","C23.888.592.612.107",2,"Description: Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior<br>regions of the THORAX; LUMBOSACRAL REGION; or the adjacent<br>regions.",""],["Biliary Fistula",3069,0.0,"D001658","C23.300.575.185.150",0,"Description: Abnormal passage in any organ of the biliary tract<br>or between biliary organs and other organs.",""],["Urinary Bladder Calculi",1974,0.0,"D001744","C23.300.175.850.875",0,"Description: Stones in the URINARY BLADDER; also known as vesical<br>calculi, bladder stones, or cystoliths.",""],["Urinary Bladder Fistula",4015,0.0,"D001747","C23.300.575.825.250",1,"Description: An abnormal passage in the URINARY BLADDER or<br>between the bladder and any surrounding organ.",""],["Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive",21320,0.1,"D015464","C23.550.291.500.485",3,"Description: Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired<br>genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID<br>CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other<br>organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent,<br>chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7<br>years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase<br>(LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.",""],["Bronchial Fistula",3684,0.0,"D001983","C23.300.575.687.225",0,"Description: An abnormal passage or communication between a<br>bronchus and another part of the body.",""],["Bulimia",4810,0.0,"D002032","C23.888.821.645.500",0,"Description: Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of<br>time, as seen in the disorder of BULIMIA NERVOSA. It is caused by<br>an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as<br>\"ox hunger\".",""],["Bundle-Branch Block",7131,0.0,"D002037","C23.550.073.425.100",0,"Description: A form of heart block in which the electrical<br>stimulation of HEART VENTRICLES is interrupted at either one of<br>the branches of BUNDLE OF HIS thus preventing the simultaneous<br>depolarization of the two ventricles.",""],["Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous",526,0.0,"D002178","C23.550.291.500.250",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome characterized by development,<br>usually in infancy or childhood, of a chronic, often widespread<br>candidiasis of skin, nails, and mucous membranes. It may be<br>secondary to one of the immunodeficiency syndromes, inherited as<br>an autosomal recessive trait, or associated with defects in cell-<br>mediated immunity, endocrine disorders, dental stomatitis, or<br>malignancy.",""],["Catalepsy",1169,0.0,"D002375","C23.888.592.350.200",0,"Description: A condition characterized by inactivity, decreased<br>responsiveness to stimuli, and a tendency to maintain an immobile<br>posture. The limbs tend to remain in whatever position they are<br>placed (waxy flexibility). Catalepsy may be associated with<br>PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS (e.g., SCHIZOPHRENIA, CATATONIC), nervous<br>system drug toxicity, and other conditions.",""],["Catatonia",2486,0.0,"D002389","C23.888.592.604.115",0,"Description: A neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by one or<br>more of the following essential features: immobility, mutism,<br>negativism (active or passive refusal to follow commands),<br>mannerisms, stereotypies, posturing, grimacing, excitement,<br>echolalia, echopraxia, muscular rigidity, and stupor; sometimes<br>punctuated by sudden violent outbursts, panic, or hallucinations.<br>This condition may be associated with psychiatric illnesses<br>(e.g., SCHIZOPHRENIA; MOOD DISORDERS) or organic disorders<br>(NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME; ENCEPHALITIS, etc.). (From DSM-<br>IV, 4th ed, 1994; APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms,<br>1994)",""],["Cellulitis",5666,0.0,"D002481","C23.550.470.756.200",0,"Description: An acute, diffuse, and suppurative inflammation of<br>loose connective tissue, particularly the deep subcutaneous<br>tissues, and sometimes muscle, which is most commonly seen as a<br>result of infection of a wound, ulcer, or other skin lesions.",""],["Hypoxia, Brain",12175,0.0,"D002534","C23.888.852.079.797",1,"Description: A reduction in brain oxygen supply due to ANOXEMIA<br>(a reduced amount of oxygen being carried in the blood by<br>HEMOGLOBIN), or to a restriction of the blood supply to the<br>brain, or both. Severe hypoxia is referred to as anoxia and is a<br>relatively common cause of injury to the central nervous system.<br>Prolonged brain anoxia may lead to BRAIN DEATH or a PERSISTENT<br>VEGETATIVE STATE. Histologically, this condition is characterized<br>by neuronal loss which is most prominent in the HIPPOCAMPUS;<br>GLOBUS PALLIDUS; CEREBELLUM; and inferior olives.",""],["Brain Infarction",31316,0.1,"D020520","C23.550.513.355.250",9,"Description: Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including<br>the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM.<br>Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated<br>by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by<br>HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be<br>temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.",""],["Brain Infarction",31316,0.1,"D020520","C23.550.717.489.250",9,"Description: Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including<br>the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM.<br>Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated<br>by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by<br>HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be<br>temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea",789,0.0,"D002558","C23.888.592.114.249",0,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through the<br>external auditory meatus or through the eustachian tube into the<br>nasopharynx. This is usually associated with CRANIOCEREBRAL<br>TRAUMA (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE involving the TEMPORAL BONE;),<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES; or other conditions, but may rarely<br>occur spontaneously. (From Am J Otol 1995 Nov;16(6):765-71)",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea",2383,0.0,"D002559","C23.888.592.114.624",0,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through the nose.<br>Common etiologies include trauma, neoplasms, and prior surgery,<br>although the condition may occur spontaneously. (Otolaryngol Head<br>Neck Surg 1997 Apr;116(4):442-9)",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea",2383,0.0,"D002559","C23.888.852.834.500",0,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through the nose.<br>Common etiologies include trauma, neoplasms, and prior surgery,<br>although the condition may occur spontaneously. (Otolaryngol Head<br>Neck Surg 1997 Apr;116(4):442-9)",""],["Chorea",3959,0.0,"D002819","C23.888.592.350.250",0,"Description: Involuntary, forcible, rapid, jerky movements that<br>may be subtle or become confluent, markedly altering normal<br>patterns of movement. Hypotonia and pendular reflexes are often<br>associated. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent<br>episodes of chorea as a primary manifestation of disease are<br>referred to as CHOREATIC DISORDERS. Chorea is also a frequent<br>manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.",""],["Choroid Hemorrhage",423,0.0,"D002832","C23.550.414.756.300",0,"Description: Hemorrhage from the vessels of the choroid.",""],["Monosomy",12100,0.0,"D009006","C23.550.210.050.500",1,"Description: The condition in which one chromosome of a pair is<br>missing. In a normally diploid cell it is represented<br>symbolically as 2N-1.",""],["Chromosome Fragility",955,0.0,"D002873","C23.550.210.110.180",0,"Description: Susceptibility of chromosomes to breakage leading to<br>translocation; CHROMOSOME INVERSION; SEQUENCE DELETION; or other<br>CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE related aberrations.",""],["Chromosome Fragility",955,0.0,"D002873","C23.550.362.180.180",0,"Description: Susceptibility of chromosomes to breakage leading to<br>translocation; CHROMOSOME INVERSION; SEQUENCE DELETION; or other<br>CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE related aberrations.",""],["Cocarcinogenesis",1174,0.0,"D003043","C23.550.727.098.750",0,"Description: The combination of two or more different factors in<br>the production of cancer.",""],["Colonic Polyps",7750,0.0,"D003111","C23.300.825.411.235",0,"Description: Discrete tissue masses that protrude into the lumen<br>of the COLON. These POLYPS are connected to the wall of the colon<br>either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.",""],["Consciousness Disorders",26404,0.1,"D003244","C23.888.592.604.359",6,"Description: Organic mental disorders in which there is<br>impairment of the ability to maintain awareness of self and<br>environment and to respond to environmental stimuli. Dysfunction<br>of the cerebral hemispheres or brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION may<br>result in this condition.",""],["Seizures, Febrile",2851,0.0,"D003294","C23.888.592.742.571",0,"Description: Seizures that occur during a febrile episode. It is<br>a common condition, affecting 2-5% of children aged 3 months to<br>five years. An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance has been<br>identified in some families. The majority are simple febrile<br>seizures (generally defined as generalized onset, single seizures<br>with a duration of less than 30 minutes). Complex febrile<br>seizures are characterized by focal onset, duration greater than<br>30 minutes, and/or more than one seizure in a 24 hour period. The<br>likelihood of developing epilepsy (i.e., a nonfebrile seizure<br>disorder) following simple febrile seizures is low. Complex<br>febrile seizures are associated with a moderately increased<br>incidence of epilepsy. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology,<br>5th ed, p784)",""],["Hearing Disorders",93371,0.4,"D006311","C23.888.592.763.393",17,"Description: Conditions that impair the transmission of auditory<br>impulses and information from the level of the ear to the<br>temporal cortices, including the sensorineural pathways.",""],["Dental Fistula",346,0.0,"D003751","C23.300.575.500.275",0,"Description: An abnormal passage in the oral cavity on the<br>gingiva.",""],["Diarrhea, Infantile",5224,0.0,"D003968","C23.888.821.214.500",0,"Description: DIARRHEA occurring in infants from newborn to<br>24-months old.",""],["Dizziness",3340,0.0,"D004244","C23.888.592.763.237",0,"Description: An imprecise term which may refer to a sense of<br>spatial disorientation, motion of the environment, or<br>lightheadedness.",""],["Dumping Syndrome",1360,0.0,"D004377","C23.550.767.812.500",0,"Description: Gastrointestinal symptoms resulting from an absent<br>or nonfunctioning pylorus.",""],["Pelvic Pain",8260,0.0,"D017699","C23.888.592.612.944",3,"Description: Pain in the pelvic region of genital and non-genital<br>origin.",""],["Dyspnea, Paroxysmal",243,0.0,"D004418","C23.888.852.371.396",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by sudden attacks of<br>respiratory distress in at rest patients with HEART FAILURE and<br>PULMONARY EDEMA. It usually occurs at night after several hours<br>of sleep in a reclining position. Patients awaken with a feeling<br>of suffocation, coughing, a cold sweat, and TACHYCARDIA. When<br>there is significant WHEEZING, it is called cardiac asthma.",""],["Dystonia",9823,0.0,"D004421","C23.888.592.350.300",1,"Description: An attitude or posture due to the co-contraction of<br>agonists and antagonist muscles in one region of the body. It<br>most often affects the large axial muscles of the trunk and limb<br>girdles. Conditions which feature persistent or recurrent<br>episodes of dystonia as a primary manifestation of disease are<br>referred to as DYSTONIC DISORDERS. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p77)",""],["Earache",459,0.0,"D004433","C23.888.592.612.302",0,"Description: Pain in the ear.",""],["Empyema",8166,0.0,"D004653","C23.550.470.756.305",3,"Description: Presence of pus in a hollow organ or body cavity.",""],["Esophageal Fistula",6079,0.0,"D004937","C23.300.575.185.250",1,"Description: Abnormal passage communicating with the ESOPHAGUS.<br>The most common type is TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA between the<br>esophagus and the TRACHEA.",""],["Facial Pain",6570,0.0,"D005157","C23.888.592.612.330",1,"Description: Pain in the facial region including orofacial pain<br>and craniofacial pain. Associated conditions include local<br>inflammatory and neoplastic disorders and neuralgic syndromes<br>involving the trigeminal, facial, and glossopharyngeal nerves.<br>Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent facial pain as<br>the primary manifestation of disease are referred to as FACIAL<br>PAIN SYNDROMES.",""],["Facial Paralysis",10159,0.0,"D005158","C23.888.592.636.214",0,"Description: Severe or complete loss of facial muscle motor<br>function. This condition may result from central or peripheral<br>lesions. Damage to CNS motor pathways from the cerebral cortex to<br>the facial nuclei in the pons leads to facial weakness that<br>generally spares the forehead muscles. FACIAL NERVE DISEASES<br>generally results in generalized hemifacial weakness.<br>NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION DISEASES and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also<br>cause facial paralysis or paresis.",""],["Fasciculation",598,0.0,"D005207","C23.888.592.608.250",0,"Description: Involuntary contraction of the muscle fibers<br>innervated by a motor unit. Fasciculations may be visualized as a<br>muscle twitch or dimpling under the skin, but usually do not<br>generate sufficient force to move a limb. They may represent a<br>benign condition or occur as a manifestation of MOTOR NEURON<br>DISEASE or PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1294)",""],["Femur Head Necrosis",5943,0.0,"D005271","C23.550.717.732.368",0,"Description: Aseptic or avascular necrosis of the femoral head.<br>The major types are idiopathic (primary), as a complication of<br>fractures or dislocations, and LEGG-CALVE-PERTHES DISEASE.",""],["Fetal Hypoxia",2196,0.0,"D005311","C23.888.852.079.594",0,"Description: Deficient oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD.",""],["Fetal Macrosomia",1872,0.0,"D005320","C23.888.144.186.500",0,"Description: A condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-<br>for-gestational-age FETUS. It is defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater<br>than 4,000 grams or above the 90th percentile for population and<br>sex-specific growth curves. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL<br>DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by<br>pre-existing diabetes mellitus.",""],["Fetal Resorption",259,0.0,"D005327","C23.550.260.585.260",0,"Description: The disintegration and assimilation of the dead<br>FETUS in the UTERUS at any stage after the completion of<br>organogenesis which, in humans, is after the 9th week of<br>GESTATION. It does not include embryo resorption (see EMBRYO<br>LOSS).",""],["Fever of Unknown Origin",3604,0.0,"D005335","C23.888.119.344.345",0,"Description: Fever in which the etiology cannot be ascertained.",""],["Gastric Fistula",2279,0.0,"D005747","C23.300.575.185.375",0,"Description: Abnormal passage communicating with the STOMACH.",""],["Gingival Hemorrhage",426,0.0,"D005884","C23.550.414.922.500",0,"Description: The flowing of blood from the marginal gingival<br>area, particularly the sulcus, seen in such conditions as<br>GINGIVITIS, marginal PERIODONTITIS, injury, and ASCORBIC ACID<br>DEFICIENCY.",""],["Glossalgia",238,0.0,"D005926","C23.888.592.612.414",0,"Description: Painful sensations in the tongue, including a<br>sensation of burning.",""],["Granuloma, Laryngeal",214,0.0,"D006102","C23.550.382.968.500",0,"Description: A tumor-like nodule or mass of inflammatory<br>granulation tissue projecting into the lumen of the LARYNX.",""],["Granulomatous Disease, Chronic",2875,0.0,"D006105","C23.550.291.500.423",0,"Description: A defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic<br>cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring<br>bacterial infections with granuloma formation. When chronic<br>granulomatous disease is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene,<br>the condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. When<br>chronic granulomatous disease is caused by CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or<br>NCF4 gene mutations, the condition is inherited in an autosomal<br>recessive pattern.",""],["Headache",18157,0.1,"D006261","C23.888.592.612.441",1,"Description: The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be<br>an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety<br>of HEADACHE DISORDERS.",""],["Hematemesis",1407,0.0,"D006396","C23.550.414.788.400",0,"Description: Vomiting of blood that is either fresh bright red,<br>or older \"coffee-ground\" in character. It generally indicates<br>bleeding of the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Hematemesis",1407,0.0,"D006396","C23.888.821.937.019",0,"Description: Vomiting of blood that is either fresh bright red,<br>or older \"coffee-ground\" in character. It generally indicates<br>bleeding of the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial",2905,0.0,"D006407","C23.550.414.838.349",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the EPIDURAL SPACE between<br>the SKULL and the DURA MATER, often as a result of bleeding from<br>the MENINGEAL ARTERIES associated with a temporal or parietal<br>bone fracture. Epidural hematoma tends to expand rapidly,<br>compressing the dura and underlying brain. Clinical features may<br>include HEADACHE; VOMITING; HEMIPARESIS; and impaired mental<br>function.",""],["Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial",2905,0.0,"D006407","C23.550.414.913.400",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the EPIDURAL SPACE between<br>the SKULL and the DURA MATER, often as a result of bleeding from<br>the MENINGEAL ARTERIES associated with a temporal or parietal<br>bone fracture. Epidural hematoma tends to expand rapidly,<br>compressing the dura and underlying brain. Clinical features may<br>include HEADACHE; VOMITING; HEMIPARESIS; and impaired mental<br>function.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural",8359,0.0,"D006408","C23.550.414.838.700",4,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between<br>the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This<br>condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL<br>HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA,<br>SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the<br>acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom<br>onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness,<br>severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural",8115,0.0,"D006408","C23.550.414.913.700",3,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between<br>the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This<br>condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL<br>HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA,<br>SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the<br>acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom<br>onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness,<br>severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.",""],["Hemiplegia",7954,0.0,"D006429","C23.888.592.636.312",0,"Description: Severe or complete loss of motor function on one<br>side of the body. This condition is usually caused by BRAIN<br>DISEASES that are localized to the cerebral hemisphere opposite<br>to the side of weakness. Less frequently, BRAIN STEM lesions;<br>cervical SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM<br>DISEASES; and other conditions may manifest as hemiplegia. The<br>term hemiparesis (see PARESIS) refers to mild to moderate<br>weakness involving one side of the body.",""],["Hemoglobinuria",1155,0.0,"D006456","C23.888.942.750.634",0,"Description: The presence of free HEMOGLOBIN in the URINE,<br>indicating hemolysis of ERYTHROCYTES within the vascular system.<br>After saturating the hemoglobin-binding proteins (HAPTOGLOBINS),<br>free hemoglobin begins to appear in the urine.",""],["Hemopneumothorax",456,0.0,"D006468","C23.550.414.904.500",0,"Description: Collection of air and blood in the pleural cavity.",""],["Postpartum Hemorrhage",6419,0.0,"D006473","C23.550.414.993.850",0,"Description: Excess blood loss from uterine bleeding associated<br>with OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH. It is defined as blood loss<br>greater than 500 ml or of the amount that adversely affects the<br>maternal physiology, such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEMATOCRIT.<br>Postpartum hemorrhage is divided into two categories, immediate<br>(within first 24 hours after birth) or delayed (after 24 hours<br>postpartum).",""],["Hepatitis, Chronic",51921,0.2,"D006521","C23.550.291.500.477",3,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER with ongoing<br>hepatocellular injury for 6 months or more, characterized by<br>NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES and inflammatory cell (LEUKOCYTES)<br>infiltration. Chronic hepatitis can be caused by viruses,<br>medications, autoimmune diseases, and other unknown factors.",""],["Hernia, Diaphragmatic",20624,0.1,"D006548","C23.300.707.960.500",3,"Description: Protrusion of abdominal structures into the THORAX<br>as a result of congenital or traumatic defects in the respiratory<br>DIAPHRAGM.",""],["Hernia, Femoral",1412,0.0,"D006550","C23.300.707.374.750",0,"Description: A groin hernia occurring inferior to the inguinal<br>ligament and medial to the FEMORAL VEIN and FEMORAL ARTERY. The<br>femoral hernia sac has a small neck but may enlarge considerably<br>when it enters the subcutaneous tissue of the thigh. It is caused<br>by defects in the ABDOMINAL WALL.",""],["Hernia, Inguinal",13376,0.1,"D006552","C23.300.707.374.875",0,"Description: An abdominal hernia with an external bulge in the<br>GROIN region. It can be classified by the location of herniation.<br>Indirect inguinal hernias occur through the internal inguinal<br>ring. Direct inguinal hernias occur through defects in the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL (transversalis fascia) in Hesselbach's triangle.<br>The former type is commonly seen in children and young adults;<br>the latter in adults.",""],["Hernia, Ventral",10022,0.0,"D006555","C23.300.707.374.937",1,"Description: A hernia caused by weakness of the anterior<br>ABDOMINAL WALL due to midline defects, previous incisions, or<br>increased intra-abdominal pressure. Ventral hernias include<br>UMBILICAL HERNIA, incisional, epigastric, and spigelian hernias.",""],["Hoarseness",1101,0.0,"D006685","C23.888.592.979.550",0,"Description: An unnaturally deep or rough quality of voice.",""],["Miosis",1896,0.0,"D015877","C23.888.592.708.362",1,"Description: Pupillary constriction. This may result from<br>congenital absence of the dilatator pupillary muscle, defective<br>sympathetic innervation, or irritation of the CONJUNCTIVA or<br>CORNEA.",""],["Somatosensory Disorders",14335,0.1,"D020886","C23.888.592.763.770",4,"Description: Disorders of sensory information received from<br>superficial and deep regions of the body. The somatosensory<br>system conveys neural impulses which pertain to proprioception,<br>tactile sensation, thermal sensation, pressure sensation, and<br>pain. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; SPINAL CORD DISEASES;<br>and BRAIN DISEASES may be associated with impaired or abnormal<br>somatic sensation.",""],["Morning Sickness",1771,0.0,"D048968","C23.888.821.937.049",1,"Description: Symptoms of NAUSEA and VOMITING in pregnant women<br>that usually occur in the morning during the first 2 to 3 months<br>of PREGNANCY. Severe persistent vomiting during pregnancy is<br>called HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM.",""],["Hyperkinesis",2853,0.0,"D006948","C23.888.592.350.350",0,"Description: Excessive movement of muscles of the body as a<br>whole, which may be associated with organic or psychological<br>disorders.",""],["Hyphema",954,0.0,"D006988","C23.550.414.756.550",0,"Description: Bleeding in the anterior chamber of the eye.",""],["Intestinal Fistula",13842,0.1,"D007412","C23.300.575.185.550",2,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the<br>INTESTINE, and another segment of the intestine or other organs.<br>External intestinal fistula is connected to the SKIN<br>(enterocutaneous fistula). Internal intestinal fistula can be<br>connected to a number of organs, such as STOMACH (gastrocolic<br>fistula), the BILIARY TRACT (cholecystoduodenal fistula), or the<br>URINARY BLADDER of the URINARY TRACT (colovesical fistula). Risk<br>factors include inflammatory processes, cancer, radiation<br>treatment, and surgical misadventures (MEDICAL ERRORS).",""],["Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic",592,0.0,"D007566","C23.550.291.500.479",0,"Description: A benign, autosomally recessive inherited<br>hyperbilirubinemia characterized by the presence of a dark<br>pigment in the centrilobular region of the liver cells. There is<br>a functional defect in biliary excretion of bilirubin,<br>cholephilic dyes, and porphyrins. Affected persons may be<br>asymptomatic or have vague constitutional or gastrointestinal<br>symptoms. The liver may be slightly enlarged, and oral and<br>intravenous cholangiography fails to visualize the biliary tract.",""],["Jaundice, Neonatal",4671,0.0,"D007567","C23.550.429.249.500",0,"Description: Yellow discoloration of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE;<br>and SCLERA in the NEWBORN. It is a sign of NEONATAL<br>HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Most cases are transient self-limiting<br>(PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE) occurring in the first week of<br>life, but some can be a sign of pathological disorders,<br>particularly LIVER DISEASES.",""],["Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External",1192,0.0,"D017246","C23.550.291.500.688",1,"Description: A mitochondrial myopathy characterized by slowly<br>progressive paralysis of the levator palpebrae, orbicularis<br>oculi, and extraocular muscles. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are<br>found on muscle biopsy. Familial and sporadic forms may occur.<br>Disease onset is usually in the first or second decade of life,<br>and the illness slowly progresses until usually all ocular<br>motility is lost. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology,<br>6th ed, p1422)",""],["Ophthalmoplegia",10280,0.0,"D009886","C23.888.592.636.447",4,"Description: Paralysis of one or more of the ocular muscles due<br>to disorders of the eye muscles, neuromuscular junction,<br>supporting soft tissue, tendons, or innervation to the muscles.",""],["Keloid",3682,0.0,"D007627","C23.550.355.274.510",0,"Description: A sharply elevated, irregularly shaped,<br>progressively enlarging scar resulting from formation of<br>excessive amounts of collagen in the dermis during connective<br>tissue repair. It is differentiated from a hypertrophic scar<br>(CICATRIX, HYPERTROPHIC) in that the former does not spread to<br>surrounding tissues.",""],["Renal Insufficiency, Chronic",110952,0.5,"D051436","C23.550.291.500.906",2,"Description: Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the<br>normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney<br>insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the<br>decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney<br>damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe<br>form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE).<br>(Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative,<br>2002)",""],["Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic",4442,0.0,"D008104","C23.550.355.412.380",0,"Description: FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic<br>excess ALCOHOL DRINKING.",""],["Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary",7503,0.0,"D008105","C23.550.355.412.400",0,"Description: FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to<br>obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or<br>extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS,<br>EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cholangitis involves the<br>destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and decreased bile<br>secretion. Secondary biliary cholangitis is produced by prolonged<br>obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from<br>a variety of causes.",""],["Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental",3831,0.0,"D008106","C23.550.355.412.467",0,"Description: Experimentally induced chronic injuries to the<br>parenchymal cells in the liver to achieve a model for LIVER<br>CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Lymphatic Metastasis",14317,0.1,"D008207","C23.550.727.650.560",0,"Description: Transfer of a neoplasm from its primary site to<br>lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body by way of the<br>lymphatic system.",""],["Melena",1023,0.0,"D008551","C23.550.414.788.600",0,"Description: The black, tarry, foul-smelling FECES that contain<br>degraded blood.",""],["Menorrhagia",3499,0.0,"D008595","C23.550.414.993.350",0,"Description: Excessive uterine bleeding during MENSTRUATION.",""],["Intellectual Disability",43518,0.2,"D008607","C23.888.592.604.646",0,"Description: Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates<br>during the developmental period. This has multiple potential<br>etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults.<br>Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine<br>whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores<br>between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67<br>are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992,<br>Ch55, p28)",""],["Metrorrhagia",1954,0.0,"D008796","C23.550.414.993.700",0,"Description: Abnormal uterine bleeding that is not related to<br>MENSTRUATION, usually in females without regular MENSTRUAL CYCLE.<br>The irregular and unpredictable bleeding usually comes from a<br>dysfunctional ENDOMETRIUM.",""],["Muscle Cramp",1481,0.0,"D009120","C23.888.592.608.500",0,"Description: A sustained and usually painful contraction of<br>muscle fibers. This may occur as an isolated phenomenon or as a<br>manifestation of an underlying disease process (e.g., UREMIA;<br>HYPOTHYROIDISM; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; etc.). (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1398)",""],["Muscle Hypertonia",9021,0.0,"D009122","C23.888.592.608.550",2,"Description: Abnormal increase in skeletal or smooth muscle tone.<br>Skeletal muscle hypertonicity may be associated with PYRAMIDAL<br>TRACT lesions or BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.",""],["Muscle Hypotonia",1937,0.0,"D009123","C23.888.592.608.575",0,"Description: A diminution of the skeletal muscle tone marked by a<br>diminished resistance to passive stretching.",""],["Muscular Atrophy",16114,0.1,"D009133","C23.888.592.608.612",1,"Description: Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers<br>occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following<br>immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and<br>particularly in denervation.",""],["Myoclonus",4369,0.0,"D009207","C23.888.592.350.500",0,"Description: Involuntary shock-like contractions, irregular in<br>rhythm and amplitude, followed by relaxation, of a muscle or a<br>group of muscles. This condition may be a feature of some CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; (e.g., EPILEPSY, MYOCLONIC). Nocturnal<br>myoclonus is the principal feature of the NOCTURNAL MYOCLONUS<br>SYNDROME. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp102-3).",""],["Myotonia",1010,0.0,"D009222","C23.888.592.608.700",0,"Description: Prolonged failure of muscle relaxation after<br>contraction. This may occur after voluntary contractions, muscle<br>percussion, or electrical stimulation of the muscle. Myotonia is<br>a characteristic feature of MYOTONIC DISORDERS.",""],["Neoplastic Cells, Circulating",8589,0.0,"D009360","C23.550.727.650.900",0,"Description: Exfoliate neoplastic cells circulating in the blood<br>and associated with metastasizing tumors.",""],["Neoplasm Seeding",2045,0.0,"D009366","C23.550.727.650.830",0,"Description: The local implantation of tumor cells by<br>contamination of instruments and surgical equipment during and<br>after surgical resection, resulting in local growth of the cells<br>and tumor formation.",""],["Neoplasms, Unknown Primary",3552,0.0,"D009382","C23.550.727.650.895",0,"Description: Metastases in which the tissue of origin is unknown.",""],["Oroantral Fistula",589,0.0,"D009957","C23.300.575.500.550",0,"Description: A fistula between the maxillary sinus and the oral<br>cavity.",""],["Pain, Intractable",5371,0.0,"D010148","C23.888.592.612.776",0,"Description: Persistent pain that is refractory to some or all<br>forms of treatment.",""],["Pain, Postoperative",31564,0.1,"D010149","C23.888.592.612.832",1,"Description: Pain during the period after surgery.",""],["Pancreatic Fistula",2865,0.0,"D010185","C23.300.575.185.775",0,"Description: Abnormal passage communicating with the PANCREAS.",""],["Paraplegia",9026,0.0,"D010264","C23.888.592.636.637",1,"Description: Severe or complete loss of motor function in the<br>lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition<br>is most often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, although<br>BRAIN DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR<br>DISEASES; and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause bilateral leg<br>weakness.",""],["Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage",5237,0.0,"D010438","C23.550.414.788.700",0,"Description: Bleeding from a PEPTIC ULCER that can be located in<br>any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Phantom Limb",1646,0.0,"D010591","C23.550.767.700.500",0,"Description: Perception of painful and nonpainful phantom<br>sensations that occur following the complete or partial loss of a<br>limb. The majority of individuals with an amputated extremity<br>will experience the impression that the limb is still present,<br>and in many cases, painful. (From Neurol Clin 1998<br>Nov;16(4):919-36; Brain 1998 Sep;121(Pt 9):1603-30)",""],["Philadelphia Chromosome",1483,0.0,"D010677","C23.550.210.870.680",0,"Description: An aberrant form of human CHROMOSOME 22<br>characterized by translocation of the distal end of chromosome 9<br>from 9q34, to the long arm of chromosome 22 at 22q11. It is<br>present in the bone marrow cells of 80 to 90 per cent of patients<br>with chronic myelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, MYELOGENOUS, CHRONIC,<br>BCR-ABL POSITIVE).",""],["Psychomotor Agitation",4653,0.0,"D011595","C23.888.592.350.600",1,"Description: A feeling of restlessness associated with increased<br>motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous<br>system drug toxicity or other conditions.",""],["Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic",245,0.0,"D011694","C23.550.414.950.250",0,"Description: Purplish or brownish red discoloration of the skin<br>associated with increase in circulating polyclonal globulins,<br>usually GAMMA-GLOBULINS. This syndrome often occurs on the legs<br>of women aged 20 to 40 years.",""],["Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic",245,0.0,"D011694","C23.888.885.687.250",0,"Description: Purplish or brownish red discoloration of the skin<br>associated with increase in circulating polyclonal globulins,<br>usually GAMMA-GLOBULINS. This syndrome often occurs on the legs<br>of women aged 20 to 40 years.",""],["IgA Vasculitis",4734,0.0,"D011695","C23.550.414.950.375",0,"Description: A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing<br>IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body,<br>including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical<br>symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL<br>HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in<br>children after acute upper respiratory infections.",""],["IgA Vasculitis",4734,0.0,"D011695","C23.888.885.687.375",0,"Description: A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing<br>IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body,<br>including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical<br>symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL<br>HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in<br>children after acute upper respiratory infections.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic",17936,0.1,"D011696","C23.550.414.950.687",2,"Description: Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is<br>decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological<br>mechanisms.",""],["Purpura, Thrombocytopenic",17936,0.1,"D011696","C23.888.885.687.687",2,"Description: Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is<br>decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by immunological<br>mechanisms.",""],["Rectal Prolapse",2570,0.0,"D012005","C23.300.842.624.500",0,"Description: Protrusion of the rectal mucous membrane through the<br>anus. There are various degrees: incomplete with no displacement<br>of the anal sphincter muscle; complete with displacement of the<br>anal sphincter muscle; complete with no displacement of the anal<br>sphincter muscle but with herniation of the bowel; and internal<br>complete with rectosigmoid or upper rectum intussusception into<br>the lower rectum.",""],["Rectovaginal Fistula",1194,0.0,"D012006","C23.300.575.925.558",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the RECTUM<br>and the VAGINA.",""],["Remission, Spontaneous",431,0.0,"D012075","C23.550.291.656.700",0,"Description: A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease<br>over time, without formal treatment.",""],["Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder",2928,0.0,"D012080","C23.550.291.500.290",0,"Description: Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development<br>due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3<br>synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative<br>feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY<br>HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.",""],["Respiratory Paralysis",1652,0.0,"D012133","C23.888.592.636.812",0,"Description: Complete or severe weakness of the muscles of<br>respiration. This condition may be associated with MOTOR NEURON<br>DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION<br>DISEASES; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; injury to the PHRENIC NERVE; and<br>other disorders.",""],["Retinal Hemorrhage",3269,0.0,"D012166","C23.550.414.756.775",0,"Description: Bleeding from the vessels of the retina.",""],["Salivary Duct Calculi",743,0.0,"D012465","C23.300.175.700.325",0,"Description: Presence of small calculi in the terminal salivary<br>ducts (salivary sand), or stones (larger calculi) found in the<br>larger ducts.",""],["Salivary Gland Fistula",231,0.0,"D012467","C23.300.575.500.775",0,"Description: A fistula between a salivary duct or gland and the<br>cutaneous surface of the oral cavity.",""],["Sexually Transmitted Diseases",23650,0.1,"D012749","C23.550.291.531.937",2,"Description: Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.",""],["Shock, Septic",19566,0.1,"D012772","C23.550.835.900.712",0,"Description: Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion<br>despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may<br>include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or<br>acute alteration in mental status.",""],["Sick Sinus Syndrome",2049,0.0,"D012804","C23.550.073.093.249",0,"Description: A condition caused by dysfunctions related to the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE including impulse generation (CARDIAC SINUS<br>ARREST) and impulse conduction (SINOATRIAL EXIT BLOCK). It is<br>characterized by persistent BRADYCARDIA, chronic ATRIAL<br>FIBRILLATION, and failure to resume sinus rhythm following<br>CARDIOVERSION. This syndrome can be congenital or acquired,<br>particularly after surgical correction for heart defects.",""],["Sick Sinus Syndrome",2049,0.0,"D012804","C23.550.073.425.440",0,"Description: A condition caused by dysfunctions related to the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE including impulse generation (CARDIAC SINUS<br>ARREST) and impulse conduction (SINOATRIAL EXIT BLOCK). It is<br>characterized by persistent BRADYCARDIA, chronic ATRIAL<br>FIBRILLATION, and failure to resume sinus rhythm following<br>CARDIOVERSION. This syndrome can be congenital or acquired,<br>particularly after surgical correction for heart defects.",""],["Sinoatrial Block",366,0.0,"D012848","C23.550.073.425.780",0,"Description: Disturbance in the atrial activation that is caused<br>by transient failure of impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL<br>NODE to the HEART ATRIA. It is characterized by a delayed in<br>heartbeat and pauses between P waves in an ELECTROCARDIOGRAM.",""],["Sleep Deprivation",7962,0.0,"D012892","C23.888.592.796.772",0,"Description: The state of being deprived of sleep under<br>experimental conditions, due to life events, or from a wide<br>variety of pathophysiologic causes such as medication effect,<br>chronic illness, psychiatric illness, or sleep disorder.",""],["Snoring",2861,0.0,"D012913","C23.888.852.779.850",0,"Description: Rough, noisy breathing during sleep, due to<br>vibration of the uvula and soft palate.",""],["Spasm",6607,0.0,"D013035","C23.888.592.608.750",2,"Description: An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of<br>muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE.",""],["Splenic Infarction",830,0.0,"D013159","C23.550.513.355.937",0,"Description: Insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply to<br>the spleen due to emboli, thrombi, vascular torsion, or pressure<br>that produces a macroscopic area of necrosis. (From Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Splenic Infarction",830,0.0,"D013159","C23.550.717.489.937",0,"Description: Insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply to<br>the spleen due to emboli, thrombi, vascular torsion, or pressure<br>that produces a macroscopic area of necrosis. (From Stedman, 25th<br>ed)",""],["Status Epilepticus",9095,0.0,"D013226","C23.888.592.742.785",1,"Description: A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently<br>enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a<br>period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized<br>tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition<br>associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic<br>dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and<br>complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral<br>disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of<br>persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not<br>impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA).<br>Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures<br>occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the<br>absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med<br>1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30)",""],["Subarachnoid Hemorrhage",19564,0.1,"D013345","C23.550.414.913.850",0,"Description: Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal<br>SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM<br>rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID<br>HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE;<br>NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits<br>and reduced mental status.",""],["Sudden Infant Death",6775,0.0,"D013398","C23.550.260.322.625",0,"Description: The abrupt and unexplained death of an apparently<br>healthy infant under one year of age, remaining unexplained after<br>a thorough case investigation, including performance of a<br>complete autopsy, examination of the death scene, and review of<br>the clinical history. (Pediatr Pathol 1991 Sep-Oct;11(5):677-84)",""],["Sudden Infant Death",6775,0.0,"D013398","C23.550.260.657.500",0,"Description: The abrupt and unexplained death of an apparently<br>healthy infant under one year of age, remaining unexplained after<br>a thorough case investigation, including performance of a<br>complete autopsy, examination of the death scene, and review of<br>the clinical history. (Pediatr Pathol 1991 Sep-Oct;11(5):677-84)",""],["Tachycardia, Reciprocating",3433,0.0,"D054139","C23.550.073.845.787",2,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentrant<br>conduction over the accessory pathways between the HEART ATRIA<br>and the HEART VENTRICLES. The impulse can also travel in the<br>reverse direction, as in some cases, atrial impulses travel to<br>the ventricles over the accessory pathways and back to the atria<br>over the BUNDLE OF HIS and the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE.",""],["Tachycardia, Supraventricular",7772,0.0,"D013617","C23.550.073.845.880",3,"Description: A generic expression for any tachycardia that<br>originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.",""],["Tachycardia, Paroxysmal",3628,0.0,"D013614","C23.550.073.845.695",0,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeats with sudden onset and<br>cessation.",""],["Tetany",1872,0.0,"D013746","C23.888.592.608.875",0,"Description: A disorder characterized by muscle twitches, cramps,<br>and carpopedal spasm, and when severe, laryngospasm and seizures.<br>This condition is associated with unstable depolarization of<br>axonal membranes, primarily in the peripheral nervous system.<br>Tetany usually results from HYPOCALCEMIA or reduced serum levels<br>of MAGNESIUM that may be associated with HYPERVENTILATION;<br>HYPOPARATHYROIDISM; RICKETS; UREMIA; or other conditions. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1490)",""],["Tinea Pedis",1057,0.0,"D014008","C23.888.885.625.500",0,"Description: Dermatological pruritic lesion in the feet, caused<br>by Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton<br>floccosum.",""],["Tremor",6974,0.0,"D014202","C23.888.592.350.850",0,"Description: Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent<br>either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease.<br>Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of CEREBELLAR<br>DISEASES, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor<br>is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and<br>occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of PARKINSON<br>DISEASE.",""],["Trisomy",8214,0.0,"D014314","C23.550.210.050.750",0,"Description: The possession of a third chromosome of any one type<br>in an otherwise diploid cell.",""],["Trisomy",8214,0.0,"D014314","C23.550.210.182.500",0,"Description: The possession of a third chromosome of any one type<br>in an otherwise diploid cell.",""],["Ureteral Calculi",5983,0.0,"D014514","C23.300.175.850.750",0,"Description: Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY.<br>They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal<br>stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the<br>ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.",""],["Urinary Incontinence",30973,0.1,"D014549","C23.888.942.343.800",2,"Description: Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine.<br>It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes.<br>Major types of incontinence include URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE and<br>URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE.",""],["Uterine Prolapse",5027,0.0,"D014596","C23.300.842.624.750",0,"Description: Downward displacement of the UTERUS. It is<br>classified in various degrees: in the first degree the UTERINE<br>CERVIX is within the vaginal orifice; in the second degree the<br>cervix is outside the orifice; in the third degree the entire<br>uterus is outside the orifice.",""],["Vesicovaginal Fistula",2295,0.0,"D014719","C23.300.575.925.816",0,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage between the URINARY<br>BLADDER and the VAGINA.",""],["Visceral Prolapse",182,0.0,"D014782","C23.300.842.624.875",0,"Description: The prolapse or downward displacement of the<br>VISCERA.",""],["Vitreous Hemorrhage",1223,0.0,"D014823","C23.550.414.756.887",0,"Description: Hemorrhage into the VITREOUS BODY.",""],["Vocal Cord Paralysis",5719,0.0,"D014826","C23.888.592.636.943",0,"Description: Congenital or acquired paralysis of one or both<br>VOCAL CORDS. This condition is caused by defects in the CENTRAL<br>NERVOUS SYSTEM, the VAGUS NERVE and branches of LARYNGEAL NERVES.<br>Common symptoms are VOICE DISORDERS including HOARSENESS or<br>APHONIA.",""],["Vomiting, Anticipatory",142,0.0,"D014840","C23.888.821.937.080",0,"Description: Vomiting caused by expectation of discomfort or<br>unpleasantness.",""],["Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome",403,0.0,"D014884","C23.550.414.950.843",0,"Description: A condition of HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS of the<br>ADRENAL GLAND. It is characterized by rapidly developing ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTENSION; and widespread cutaneous PURPURA.",""],["Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome",403,0.0,"D014884","C23.888.885.687.843",0,"Description: A condition of HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS of the<br>ADRENAL GLAND. It is characterized by rapidly developing ADRENAL<br>INSUFFICIENCY; HYPOTENSION; and widespread cutaneous PURPURA.",""],["XYY Karyotype",293,0.0,"D014997","C23.550.210.024.500",0,"Description: Abnormal genetic constitution in males characterized<br>by an extra Y chromosome.",""],["XYY Karyotype",293,0.0,"D014997","C23.550.210.815.970",0,"Description: Abnormal genetic constitution in males characterized<br>by an extra Y chromosome.",""],["Myocardial Reperfusion Injury",14372,0.1,"D015428","C23.550.767.877.500",0,"Description: Damage to the MYOCARDIUM resulting from MYOCARDIAL<br>REPERFUSION (restoration of blood flow to ischemic areas of the<br>HEART.) Reperfusion takes place when there is spontaneous<br>thrombolysis, THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY, collateral flow from other<br>coronary vascular beds, or reversal of vasospasm.",""],["Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell",18408,0.1,"D015451","C23.550.291.500.483",0,"Description: A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal<br>B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients<br>presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement<br>it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those<br>predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small<br>lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same<br>disease.",""],["Leukemia, Neutrophilic, Chronic",261,0.0,"D015467","C23.550.291.500.497",0,"Description: A rare myeloproliferative disorder that is<br>characterized by a sustained, mature neutrophilic leukocytosis.<br>No monocytosis, EOSINOPHILIA, or basophilia is present, nor is<br>there a PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME or bcr-abl fusion gene (GENES,<br>ABL).",""],["Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic",1478,0.0,"D015477","C23.550.291.500.495",0,"Description: A myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative disease<br>characterized by monocytosis, increased monocytes in the bone<br>marrow, variable degrees of dysplasia, but an absence of immature<br>granulocytes in the blood.",""],["Salivary Gland Calculi",928,0.0,"D015494","C23.300.175.700.500",0,"Description: Calculi occurring in a salivary gland. Most salivary<br>gland calculi occur in the submandibular gland, but can also<br>occur in the parotid gland and in the sublingual and minor<br>salivary glands.",""],["Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic",6457,0.0,"D015673","C23.550.291.500.407",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent<br>fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, and<br>subjective cognitive impairment of 6 months duration or longer.<br>Symptoms are not caused by ongoing exertion; are not relieved by<br>rest; and result in a substantial reduction of previous levels of<br>occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Minor<br>alterations of immune, neuroendocrine, and autonomic function may<br>be associated with this syndrome. There is also considerable<br>overlap between this condition and FIBROMYALGIA. (From Semin<br>Neurol 1998;18(2):237-42; Ann Intern Med 1994 Dec 15;121(12):<br>953-9)",""],["Tonic Pupil",167,0.0,"D015845","C23.888.592.708.575",0,"Description: A pupillary abnormality characterized by a poor<br>pupillary light reaction, reduced accommodation, iris sector<br>palsies, an enhanced pupillary response to near effort that<br>results in a prolonged, \"tonic\" constriction, and slow pupillary<br>redilation. This condition is associated with injury to the<br>postganglionic parasympathetic innervation to the pupil. (From<br>Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp492-500)",""],["Retinal Neovascularization",2689,0.0,"D015861","C23.550.589.500.725",0,"Description: Formation of new blood vessels originating from the<br>retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of<br>the retina.",""],["Anisocoria",263,0.0,"D015875","C23.888.592.708.150",0,"Description: Unequal pupil size, which may represent a benign<br>physiologic variant or a manifestation of disease. Pathologic<br>anisocoria reflects an abnormality in the musculature of the iris<br>(IRIS DISEASES) or in the parasympathetic or sympathetic pathways<br>that innervate the pupil. Physiologic anisocoria refers to an<br>asymmetry of pupil diameter, usually less than 2mm, that is not<br>associated with disease.",""],["Tachycardia, Ventricular",17912,0.1,"D017180","C23.550.073.845.940",2,"Description: An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in<br>excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the<br>ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse<br>formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the<br>etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal<br>(sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform<br>or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of<br>the atrial beating (AV dissociation).",""],["Corneal Neovascularization",1232,0.0,"D016510","C23.550.589.500.435",0,"Description: New blood vessels originating from the corneal blood<br>vessels and extending from the limbus into the adjacent CORNEAL<br>STROMA. Neovascularization in the superficial and/or deep corneal<br>stroma is a sequel to numerous inflammatory diseases of the<br>ocular anterior segment, such as TRACHOMA, viral interstitial<br>KERATITIS, microbial KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS, and the immune<br>response elicited by CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Zenker Diverticulum",1108,0.0,"D016672","C23.300.415.625.900",0,"Description: A DIVERTICULUM at the upper end of the ESOPHAGUS<br>through the cricopharyngeal muscle at the junction of the PHARYNX<br>and the esophagus.",""],["Death, Sudden, Cardiac",11497,0.0,"D016757","C23.550.260.322.250",1,"Description: Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular<br>collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually<br>caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden<br>onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS,<br>particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of<br>consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death.<br>(from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular<br>Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)",""],["Leukemic Infiltration",1040,0.0,"D017254","C23.550.727.645.500",0,"Description: A pathologic change in leukemia in which leukemic<br>cells permeate various organs at any stage of the disease. All<br>types of leukemia show various degrees of infiltration, depending<br>upon the type of leukemia. The degree of infiltration may vary<br>from site to site. The liver and spleen are common sites of<br>infiltration, the greatest appearing in myelocytic leukemia, but<br>infiltration is seen also in the granulocytic and lymphocytic<br>types. The kidney is also a common site and of the<br>gastrointestinal system, the stomach and ileum are commonly<br>involved. In lymphocytic leukemia the skin is often infiltrated.<br>The central nervous system too is a common site.",""],["Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular",11560,0.0,"D017379","C23.300.775.250.400",0,"Description: Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This<br>increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal<br>pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular<br>morbidity and mortality.",""],["Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular",1208,0.0,"D017380","C23.300.775.250.401",0,"Description: Enlargement of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart.<br>This increase in ventricular mass is often attributed to<br>PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and is a contributor to cardiovascular<br>morbidity and mortality.",""],["Cicatrix, Hypertrophic",2376,0.0,"D017439","C23.550.355.274.505",0,"Description: An elevated scar, resembling a KELOID, but which<br>does not spread into surrounding tissues. It is formed by<br>enlargement and overgrowth of cicatricial tissue and regresses<br>spontaneously.",""],["Leukoplakia, Hairy",177,0.0,"D017733","C23.300.816.513.500",0,"Description: Epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa associated<br>with Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) and found almost<br>exclusively in persons with HIV infection. The lesion consists of<br>a white patch that is often corrugated or hairy.",""],["Hypokinesia",951,0.0,"D018476","C23.888.592.350.400",0,"Description: Slow or diminished movement of body musculature. It<br>may be associated with BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; MENTAL DISORDERS;<br>prolonged inactivity due to illness; and other conditions.",""],["Gastroparesis",2248,0.0,"D018589","C23.888.592.636.263",0,"Description: Chronic delayed gastric emptying. Gastroparesis may<br>be caused by motor dysfunction or paralysis of STOMACH muscles or<br>may be associated with other systemic diseases such as DIABETES<br>MELLITUS.",""],["Sweating Sickness",33,0.0,"D018614","C23.888.119.344.672",0,"Description: A clinical condition characterized by fever and<br>profuse sweating and associated with high mortality. It occurred<br>in epidemic form five times in the fifteenth and sixteenth<br>centuries in England, first in 1485 and last in 1551, specially<br>during the summer and early autumn, attacking the relatively<br>affluent adult male population. The etiology was unknown.",""],["Arthralgia",10369,0.0,"D018771","C23.888.592.612.094",1,"Description: Pain in the joint.",""],["Ventricular Premature Complexes",2548,0.0,"D018879","C23.550.073.325.800",0,"Description: A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature<br>contractions of the HEART VENTRICLES. It is characterized by the<br>premature QRS complex on ECG that is of abnormal shape and great<br>duration (generally >129 msec). It is the most common form of all<br>cardiac arrhythmias. Premature ventricular complexes have no<br>clinical significance except in concurrence with heart diseases.",""],["Atrial Premature Complexes",488,0.0,"D018880","C23.550.073.325.050",0,"Description: A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature atrial<br>contractions or beats caused by signals originating from ectopic<br>atrial sites. The ectopic signals may or may not conduct to the<br>HEART VENTRICLES. Atrial premature complexes are characterized by<br>premature P waves on ECG which are different in configuration<br>from the P waves generated by the normal pacemaker complex in the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE.",""],["Muscle Weakness",5090,0.0,"D018908","C23.888.592.608.593",0,"Description: A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or<br>exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The<br>weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often<br>progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and<br>neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook<br>of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251)",""],["Neck Pain",5870,0.0,"D019547","C23.888.592.612.553",0,"Description: Discomfort or more intense forms of pain that are<br>localized to the cervical region. This term generally refers to<br>pain in the posterior or lateral regions of the neck.",""],["alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency",3182,0.0,"D019896","C23.550.325.500.500",0,"Description: Deficiency of the protease inhibitor ALPHA<br>1-ANTITRYPSIN that manifests primarily as PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA and<br>LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Genetic Predisposition to Disease",59651,0.2,"D020022","C23.550.291.687.500",1,"Description: A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic<br>level, which may be activated under certain conditions.",""],["Gastroschisis",1487,0.0,"D020139","C23.300.707.374.500",0,"Description: A congenital defect with major fissure in the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL lateral to, but not at, the UMBILICUS. This<br>results in the extrusion of VISCERA. Unlike OMPHALOCELE,<br>herniated structures in gastroschisis are not covered by a sac or<br>PERITONEUM.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic",1931,0.0,"D020200","C23.550.291.500.431",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Gait Ataxia",299,0.0,"D020234","C23.888.592.413.450",0,"Description: Impairment of the ability to coordinate the<br>movements required for normal ambulation (WALKING) which may<br>result from impairments of motor function or sensory feedback.<br>This condition may be associated with BRAIN DISEASES (including<br>CEREBELLAR DISEASES and BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES); SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES; or PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES.",""],["Gait Apraxia",92,0.0,"D020235","C23.888.592.413.400",0,"Description: Impaired ambulation not attributed to sensory<br>impairment or motor weakness. FRONTAL LOBE disorders; BASAL<br>GANGLIA DISEASES (e.g., PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS); DEMENTIA, MULTI-<br>INFARCT; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; and other conditions may be<br>associated with gait apraxia.",""],["Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting",2781,0.0,"D020250","C23.888.821.712.700",0,"Description: Emesis and queasiness occurring after anesthesia.",""],["Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting",2781,0.0,"D020250","C23.888.821.937.059",0,"Description: Emesis and queasiness occurring after anesthesia.",""],["Choroidal Neovascularization",6057,0.0,"D020256","C23.550.589.500.145",0,"Description: A pathological process consisting of the formation<br>of new blood vessels in the CHOROID.",""],["Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures",231,0.0,"D020270","C23.888.592.742.143",0,"Description: A condition where seizures occur in association with<br>ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) without other identifiable causes.<br>Seizures usually occur within the first 6-48 hours after the<br>cessation of alcohol intake, but may occur during periods of<br>alcohol intoxication. Single generalized tonic-clonic motor<br>seizures are the most common subtype, however, STATUS EPILEPTICUS<br>may occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1174)",""],["Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating",2088,0.0,"D020277","C23.550.291.500.813",0,"Description: A slowly progressive autoimmune demyelinating<br>disease of peripheral nerves and nerve roots. Clinical<br>manifestations include weakness and sensory loss in the<br>extremities and enlargement of peripheral nerves. The course may<br>be relapsing-remitting or demonstrate a step-wise progression.<br>Protein is usually elevated in the spinal fluid and cranial<br>nerves are typically spared. GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME features a<br>relatively rapid progression of disease which distinguishes it<br>from this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1337)",""],["Tics",885,0.0,"D020323","C23.888.592.350.700",0,"Description: Habitual, repeated, rapid contraction of certain<br>muscles, resulting in stereotyped individualized actions that can<br>be voluntarily suppressed for only brief periods. They often<br>involve the face, vocal cords, neck, and less often the<br>extremities. Examples include repetitive throat clearing,<br>vocalizations, sniffing, pursing the lips, and excessive<br>blinking. Tics tend to be aggravated by emotional stress. When<br>frequent they may interfere with speech and INTERPERSONAL<br>RELATIONS. Conditions which feature frequent and prominent tics<br>as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as TIC<br>DISORDERS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp109-10)",""],["Paraparesis",791,0.0,"D020335","C23.888.592.643.500",1,"Description: Mild to moderate loss of bilateral lower extremity<br>motor function, which may be a manifestation of SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; MUSCULAR DISEASES;<br>INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; parasagittal brain lesions; and other<br>conditions.",""],["Myokymia",200,0.0,"D020385","C23.888.592.608.650",0,"Description: Successive and rapid contractions of motor units<br>associated with chronic nerve injury. The discharges arise from<br>the peripheral aspects of regenerating nerves, and clinically<br>impart a nearly continuous undulation of the body surface<br>overlying the muscle. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1491)",""],["Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive",2526,0.0,"D020528","C23.550.291.500.625",0,"Description: A form of multiple sclerosis characterized by a<br>progressive deterioration in neurologic function which is in<br>contrast to the more typical relapsing remitting form. If the<br>clinical course is free of distinct remissions, it is referred to<br>as primary progressive multiple sclerosis. When the progressive<br>decline is punctuated by acute exacerbations, it is referred to<br>as progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis. The term secondary<br>progressive multiple sclerosis is used when relapsing remitting<br>multiple sclerosis evolves into the chronic progressive form.<br>(From Ann Neurol 1994;36 Suppl:S73-S79; Adams et al., Principles<br>of Neurology, 6th ed, pp903-914)",""],["Pseudobulbar Palsy",161,0.0,"D020828","C23.888.592.636.711",0,"Description: A syndrome characterized by DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia,<br>dysphonia, impairment of voluntary movements of tongue and facial<br>muscles, and emotional lability. This condition is caused by<br>diseases that affect the motor fibers that travel from the<br>cerebral cortex to the lower BRAIN STEM (i.e., corticobulbar<br>tracts); including MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; and<br>CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p489)",""],["Flank Pain",318,0.0,"D021501","C23.888.592.612.386",0,"Description: Pain emanating from below the RIBS and above the<br>ILIUM.",""],["Communicable Diseases, Emerging",5713,0.0,"D021821","C23.550.291.531.750",0,"Description: Infectious diseases that are novel in their outbreak<br>ranges (geographic and host) or transmission mode.",""],["Uniparental Disomy",820,0.0,"D024182","C23.550.210.645.890",0,"Description: The presence in a cell of two paired chromosomes<br>from the same parent, with no chromosome of that pair from the<br>other parent. This chromosome composition stems from non-<br>disjunction (NONDISJUNCTION, GENETIC) events during MEIOSIS. The<br>disomy may be composed of both homologous chromosomes from one<br>parent (heterodisomy) or a duplicate of one chromosome<br>(isodisomy).",""],["Romano-Ward Syndrome",168,0.0,"D029597","C23.550.073.547.720",0,"Description: A form of long QT syndrome that is without<br>congenital deafness. It is caused by mutation of the KCNQ1 gene<br>which encodes a protein in the VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL.",""],["Wasting Disease, Chronic",516,0.0,"D034081","C23.550.291.500.937",0,"Description: A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion<br>disease) of DEER and elk characterized by chronic weight loss<br>leading to death. It is thought to spread by direct contact<br>between animals or through environmental contamination with the<br>prion protein (PRIONS).",""],["Jaundice, Obstructive",3448,0.0,"D041781","C23.550.429.500.755",0,"Description: Jaundice, the condition with yellowish staining of<br>the skin and mucous membranes, that is due to impaired BILE flow<br>in the BILIARY TRACT, such as INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS, or<br>EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS.",""],["Jaundice, Obstructive",3448,0.0,"D041781","C23.888.885.375.500",0,"Description: Jaundice, the condition with yellowish staining of<br>the skin and mucous membranes, that is due to impaired BILE flow<br>in the BILIARY TRACT, such as INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS, or<br>EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS.",""],["Synkinesis",270,0.0,"D046608","C23.888.592.350.675",0,"Description: An involuntary movement accompanying a volitional<br>movement. It often refers to facial movements that accompany<br>FACIAL PARALYSIS.",""],["Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal",1089,0.0,"D046748","C23.550.414.838.355",0,"Description: A rare epidural hematoma in the spinal epidural<br>space, usually due to a vascular malformation (CENTRAL NERVOUS<br>SYSTEM VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS) or TRAUMA. Spontaneous spinal<br>epidural hematoma is a neurologic emergency due to a rapidly<br>evolving compressive MYELOPATHY.",""],["Labor Pain",1182,0.0,"D048949","C23.888.592.612.451",0,"Description: Pain associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR in CHILDBIRTH.<br>It is caused primarily by UTERINE CONTRACTION as well as pressure<br>on the CERVIX; BLADDER; and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Labor<br>pain mostly occurs in the ABDOMEN; the GROIN; and the BACK.",""],["Andersen Syndrome",185,0.0,"D050030","C23.550.073.547.070",0,"Description: A form of inherited long QT syndrome (or LQT7) that<br>is characterized by a triad of potassium-sensitive periodic<br>paralysis, VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC BEATS, and abnormal features such<br>as short stature, low-set ears, and SCOLIOSIS. It results from<br>mutations of KCNJ2 gene which encodes a channel protein (INWARD<br>RECTIFIER POTASSIUM CHANNELS) that regulates resting membrane<br>potential.",""],["Stillbirth",3476,0.0,"D050497","C23.550.260.585.630",0,"Description: The event that a FETUS is born dead or stillborn.",""],["Cystocele",470,0.0,"D052858","C23.300.842.624.249",0,"Description: A HERNIA-like condition in which the weakened pelvic<br>muscles cause the URINARY BLADDER to drop from its normal<br>position. Fallen urinary bladder is more common in females with<br>the bladder dropping into the VAGINA and less common in males<br>with the bladder dropping into the SCROTUM.",""],["Nocturia",990,0.0,"D053158","C23.888.942.343.550",0,"Description: Frequent URINATION at night that interrupts sleep.<br>It is often associated with outflow obstruction, DIABETES<br>MELLITUS, or bladder inflammation (CYSTITIS).",""],["Dysuria",181,0.0,"D053159","C23.888.942.343.274",0,"Description: Painful URINATION. It is often associated with<br>infections of the lower URINARY TRACT.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Overactive",5421,0.0,"D053201","C23.888.942.343.780",0,"Description: Symptom of overactive detrusor muscle of the URINARY<br>BLADDER that contracts with abnormally high frequency and<br>urgency. Overactive bladder is characterized by the frequent<br>feeling of needing to urinate during the day, during the night,<br>or both. URINARY INCONTINENCE may or may not be present.",""],["Prostatism",559,0.0,"D053448","C23.888.942.343.600",0,"Description: Lower urinary tract symptom, such as slow urinary<br>stream, associated with PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA in older men.",""],["Pain, Referred",258,0.0,"D053591","C23.888.592.612.888",0,"Description: A type of pain that is perceived in an area away<br>from the site where the pain arises, such as facial pain caused<br>by lesion of the VAGUS NERVE, or throat problem generating<br>referred pain in the ear.",""],["Lethargy",192,0.0,"D053609","C23.888.592.604.444",0,"Description: A general state of sluggishness, listless, or<br>uninterested, with being tired, and having difficulty<br>concentrating and doing simple tasks. It may be related to<br>DEPRESSION or DRUG ADDICTION.",""],["Pulmonary Infarction",279,0.0,"D054060","C23.550.513.355.875",0,"Description: NECROSIS of lung tissue that is cause by the lack of<br>OXYGEN or blood supply. The most common cause of pulmonary<br>infarction is a blood clot in the lung.",""],["Pulmonary Infarction",279,0.0,"D054060","C23.550.717.489.875",0,"Description: NECROSIS of lung tissue that is cause by the lack of<br>OXYGEN or blood supply. The most common cause of pulmonary<br>infarction is a blood clot in the lung.",""],["Sinus Arrest, Cardiac",70,0.0,"D054138","C23.550.073.093.500",0,"Description: The omission of atrial activation that is caused by<br>transient cessation of impulse generation at the SINOATRIAL NODE.<br>It is characterized by a prolonged pause without P wave in an<br>ELECTROCARDIOGRAM. Sinus arrest has been associated with sleep<br>apnea (REM SLEEP-RELATED SINUS ARREST).",""],["Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative",444,0.0,"D054438","C23.550.291.500.493",0,"Description: A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disorder<br>characterized by myelodysplasia associated with bone marrow and<br>peripheral blood patterns similar to CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA,<br>but cytogenetically lacking a PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME or bcr/abl<br>fusion gene (GENES, ABL).",""],["Atrioventricular Block",3234,0.0,"D054537","C23.550.073.425.062",0,"Description: Impaired impulse conduction from HEART ATRIA to<br>HEART VENTRICLES. AV block can mean delayed or completely blocked<br>impulse conduction.",""],["Primary Graft Dysfunction",875,0.0,"D055031","C23.550.767.877.750",0,"Description: A form of ischemia-reperfusion injury occurring in<br>the early period following transplantation. Significant<br>pathophysiological changes in MITOCHONDRIA are the main cause of<br>the dysfunction. It is most often seen in the transplanted lung,<br>liver, or kidney and can lead to GRAFT REJECTION.",""],["Chronic Periodontitis",3394,0.0,"D055113","C23.550.291.500.313",0,"Description: Chronic inflammation and loss of PERIODONTIUM that<br>is associated with the amount of DENTAL PLAQUE or DENTAL CALCULUS<br>present. Chronic periodontitis occurs mostly in adults and was<br>called adult periodontitis, but this disease can appear in young<br>people.",""],["Dysphonia",1874,0.0,"D055154","C23.888.592.979.325",0,"Description: Difficulty and/or pain in PHONATION or speaking.",""],["Purpura Fulminans",338,0.0,"D055665","C23.550.414.950.230",0,"Description: A severe, rapidly fatal reaction occurring most<br>commonly in children following an infectious illness. It is<br>characterized by large, rapidly spreading skin hemorrhages,<br>fever, or shock. Purpura fulminans often accompanies or is<br>triggered by DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.",""],["Purpura Fulminans",338,0.0,"D055665","C23.888.885.687.230",0,"Description: A severe, rapidly fatal reaction occurring most<br>commonly in children following an infectious illness. It is<br>characterized by large, rapidly spreading skin hemorrhages,<br>fever, or shock. Purpura fulminans often accompanies or is<br>triggered by DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.",""],["Sarcopenia",7722,0.0,"D055948","C23.300.070.500.500",0,"Description: Progressive decline in muscle mass due to aging<br>which results in decreased functional capacity of muscles.",""],["Corpse Dismemberment",46,0.0,"D056146","C23.550.260.224.200",0,"Description: Disjoining the limbs or other parts of a corpse,<br>often in association with criminal acts.",""],["Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic",443,0.0,"D056487","C23.550.291.500.266",0,"Description: Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by<br>an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may<br>be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the<br>environment, or an idiosyncratic response.",""],["Renal Colic",627,0.0,"D056844","C23.888.592.612.972",0,"Description: A severe intermittent and spasmodic pain in the<br>lower back radiating to the groin, scrotum, and labia which is<br>most commonly caused by a kidney stone (RENAL CALCULUS) passing<br>through the URETER or by other urinary track blockage. It is<br>often associated with nausea, vomiting, fever, restlessness, dull<br>pain, frequent urination, and HEMATURIA.",""],["Endoleak",1144,0.0,"D057867","C23.550.414.941.500",0,"Description: Postoperative hemorrhage from an endovascular AORTIC<br>ANEURYSM repaired with endoluminal placement of stent grafts<br>(BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION). It is associated with<br>pressurization, expansion, and eventual rupture of the aneurysm.",""],["Endoleak",1144,0.0,"D057867","C23.550.767.850.500",0,"Description: Postoperative hemorrhage from an endovascular AORTIC<br>ANEURYSM repaired with endoluminal placement of stent grafts<br>(BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION). It is associated with<br>pressurization, expansion, and eventual rupture of the aneurysm.",""],["Triploidy",313,0.0,"D057885","C23.550.210.702.500",0,"Description: Polyploidy with three sets of chromosomes. Triploidy<br>in humans are 69XXX, 69XXY, and 69XYY. It is associated with<br>HOLOPROSENCEPHALY; ABNORMALITIES, MULTIPLE; PARTIAL HYDATIDIFORM<br>MOLE; and MISCARRAGES.",""],["Tetraploidy",563,0.0,"D057891","C23.550.210.702.249",0,"Description: The presence of four sets of chromosomes. It is<br>associated with ABNORMALITIES, MULTIPLE; and MISCARRAGES.",""],["Implant Capsular Contracture",243,0.0,"D057910","C23.550.470.251.500",0,"Description: The shrinkage of the foreign body encapsulation scar<br>tissue that forms around artificial implants imbedded in body<br>tissues.",""],["Implant Capsular Contracture",243,0.0,"D057910","C23.550.767.865.500",0,"Description: The shrinkage of the foreign body encapsulation scar<br>tissue that forms around artificial implants imbedded in body<br>tissues.",""],["Asymptomatic Infections",1146,0.0,"D058345","C23.550.291.187.500",0,"Description: Infections that do not exhibit symptoms.",""],["Eye Pain",458,0.0,"D058447","C23.888.592.612.316",0,"Description: A dull or sharp painful sensation associated with<br>the outer or inner structures of the eyeball, having different<br>causes.",""],["Tetrasomy",50,0.0,"D058670","C23.550.210.050.625",0,"Description: The possession of four chromosomes of any one type<br>in an otherwise diploid cell.",""],["Tetrasomy",50,0.0,"D058670","C23.550.210.182.249",0,"Description: The possession of four chromosomes of any one type<br>in an otherwise diploid cell.",""],["Nociceptive Pain",1481,0.0,"D059226","C23.888.592.612.720",1,"Description: Dull or sharp aching pain caused by stimulated<br>NOCICEPTORS due to tissue injury, inflammation or diseases. It<br>can be divided into somatic or tissue pain and VISCERAL PAIN.",""],["Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn",129,0.0,"D059245","C23.888.852.944.500",0,"Description: Abnormal increase in RESPIRATORY RATE in the<br>newborn. It is self-limiting and attributed to the delayed fetal<br>lung fluid clearance often in CAESAREAN SECTION delivery.",""],["Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw",1602,0.0,"D059266","C23.550.717.732.183",0,"Description: Necrotic jaws or other maxillofacial skeleton<br>necrosis associated with bisphosphonate use (see<br>BISPHOSPHONATES). Injury, dental procedures, and trauma can<br>trigger the necrotic process.",""],["Chronic Pain",18532,0.1,"D059350","C23.888.592.612.274",0,"Description: Aching sensation that persists for more than a few<br>months. It may or may not be associated with trauma or disease,<br>and may persist after the initial injury has healed. Its<br>localization, character, and timing are more vague than with<br>acute pain.",""],["Musculoskeletal Pain",5406,0.0,"D059352","C23.888.592.612.547",2,"Description: Discomfort stemming from muscles, LIGAMENTS,<br>tendons, and bones.",""],["Mastodynia",179,0.0,"D059373","C23.888.592.612.530",0,"Description: Pain in the breast generally classified as cyclical<br>(associated with menstrual periods), or noncyclical, i.e.<br>originating from the breast or nearby muscles or joints, ranging<br>from minor discomfort to severely incapacitating.",""],["Breakthrough Pain",358,0.0,"D059390","C23.888.592.612.191",0,"Description: Acute pain that comes on rapidly despite the use of<br>pain medication.",""],["Anhedonia",734,0.0,"D059445","C23.888.592.604.039",0,"Description: Inability to experience pleasure due to impairment<br>or dysfunction of normal psychological and neurobiological<br>mechanisms. It is a symptom of many PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS (e.g.,<br>DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; and SCHIZOPHRENIA).",""],["Acute Pain",2454,0.0,"D059787","C23.888.592.612.081",0,"Description: Intensely discomforting, distressful, or agonizing<br>sensation associated with trauma or disease, with well-defined<br>location, character, and timing.",""],["Coxa Vara",206,0.0,"D060905","C23.300.970.249.500",0,"Description: Hip deformity in which the femoral neck leans<br>forward resulting in a decrease in the angle between femoral neck<br>and its shaft. It may be congenital often syndromic, acquired, or<br>developmental.",""],["Coxa Valga",64,0.0,"D060906","C23.300.970.374.500",0,"Description: Hip deformity in which the angle between the femoral<br>neck and its shaft is increased. It may be congenital, acquired,<br>or developmental.",""],["Neoplasm Micrometastasis",328,0.0,"D061206","C23.550.727.650.695",0,"Description: Newly arising secondary tumors so small they are<br>difficult to detect by physical examination or routine imaging<br>techniques.",""],["Maternal Death",760,0.0,"D063130","C23.550.260.730.500",0,"Description: The death of the female parent.",""],["Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder",207,0.0,"D065446","C23.550.568.968.500",0,"Description: A condition in which a woman suffers from severe<br>depression, irritability, and tension before MENSTRUATION.<br>Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) may involve a wide range<br>of physical or emotional symptoms, which are more severe and<br>debilitating than those seen with premenstrual syndrome (PMS),<br>and which include at least one mood-related symptom. Symptoms<br>usually stop when, or shortly after, menstruation begins.",""],["Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo",930,0.0,"D065635","C23.888.592.958.500",0,"Description: Idiopathic recurrent VERTIGO associated with<br>POSITIONAL NYSTAGMUS. It is associated with a vestibular loss<br>without other neurological or auditory signs. Unlike in<br>LABYRINTHITIS and VESTIBULAR NEURONITIS, inflammation in the ear<br>is not observed.",""],["Pain",328708,1.3,"D010146","C23.888.592.612",50,"Description: An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli<br>which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.",""],["Abdominal Pain",18088,0.1,"D015746","C23.888.821.030",1,"Description: Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the<br>abdominal region.",""],["Suppuration",36738,0.2,"D013492","C23.550.470.756",6,"Description: A pathologic process consisting in the formation of<br>pus.",""],["Recurrence",2712,0.0,"D012008","C23.550.291.937",2,"Description: The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a<br>remission.",""],["Overweight",207833,0.9,"D050177","C23.888.144.699",6,"Description: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain<br>standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined<br>as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be<br>due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight<br>does not equal \"over fat\".",""],["Late Onset Disorders",207,0.0,"D000067562","C23.550.291.883",0,"Description: Pathological conditions (Disorder, SYNDROME, or<br>DISEASE) whose SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS manifest late in the life of an<br>individual.",""],["Mental Fatigue",1845,0.0,"D005222","C23.888.369.500",2,"Description: A condition of low alertness or cognitive<br>impairment, usually associated with prolonged mental activities<br>or stress.",""],["Incisional Hernia",1154,0.0,"D000069290","C23.300.707.945",0,"Description: Protrusion of tissue at or near the site of an<br>incision from a previous surgery.",""],["Incisional Hernia",1154,0.0,"D000069290","C23.550.767.500",0,"Description: Protrusion of tissue at or near the site of an<br>incision from a previous surgery.",""],["Urinary Calculi",35932,0.1,"D014545","C23.300.175.850",4,"Description: Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the<br>URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM<br>OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or<br>URIC ACID.",""],["Chronic Disease",338551,1.4,"D002908","C23.550.291.500",42,"Description: Diseases which have one or more of the following<br>characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability,<br>are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require<br>special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be<br>expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or<br>care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For<br>epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART<br>DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE<br>2).",""],["Dyskinesias",54673,0.2,"D020820","C23.888.592.350",18,"Description: Abnormal involuntary movements which primarily<br>affect the extremities, trunk, or jaw that occur as a<br>manifestation of an underlying disease process. Conditions which<br>feature recurrent or persistent episodes of dyskinesia as a<br>primary manifestation of disease may be referred to as dyskinesia<br>syndromes (see MOVEMENT DISORDERS). Dyskinesias are also a<br>relatively common manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.",""],["Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome",119476,0.5,"D018746","C23.550.470.790",12,"Description: A systemic inflammatory response to a variety of<br>clinical insults, characterized by two or more of the following<br>conditions: (1) fever >38 degrees C or HYPOTHERMIA <36 degrees C;<br>(2) TACHYCARDIA >90 beat/minute; (3) tachypnea >24<br>breaths/minute; (4) LEUKOCYTOSIS >12,000 cells/cubic mm or 10%<br>immature forms. While usually related to infection, SIRS can also<br>be associated with noninfectious insults such as TRAUMA; BURNS;<br>or PANCREATITIS. If infection is involved, a patient with SIRS is<br>said to have SEPSIS.",""],["Emergence Delirium",369,0.0,"D000071257","C23.550.767.181",0,"Description: A form of DELIRIUM which occurs after GENERAL<br>ANESTHESIA.",""],["Neurobehavioral Manifestations",219368,0.9,"D019954","C23.888.592.604",65,"Description: Signs and symptoms of higher cortical dysfunction<br>caused by organic conditions. These include certain behavioral<br>alterations and impairments of skills involved in the<br>acquisition, processing, and utilization of knowledge or<br>information.",""],["Body Remains",291,0.0,"D000071298","C23.550.260.127",0,"Description: The physical entity of a deceased human or animal.",""],["Cellulite",78,0.0,"D000071697","C23.888.885.281",0,"Description: Skin lumpiness or skin surface dimpling often seen<br>on the thighs, buttocks and abdomen. It is due to protrusion of<br>SUBCUTANEOUS FAT into the DERMIS layer of skin.",""],["Bilateral Vestibulopathy",114,0.0,"D000071699","C23.888.592.057",0,"Description: Impairment of the vestibular function of both inner<br>ears which can cause difficulties with balance, gait, VERTIGO,<br>and visual blurring.",""],["Breast Cancer Lymphedema",347,0.0,"D000072656","C23.550.767.082",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of lymph in the arm, shoulder<br>and breast area associated with surgical treatment (e.g.,<br>MASTECTOMY) or radiation treatment of breast cancer.",""],["Infarction",199623,0.8,"D007238","C23.550.513.355",20,"Description: Formation of an infarct, which is NECROSIS in tissue<br>due to local ISCHEMIA resulting from obstruction of BLOOD<br>CIRCULATION, most commonly by a THROMBUS or EMBOLUS.",""],["Infarction",199623,0.8,"D007238","C23.550.717.489",20,"Description: Formation of an infarct, which is NECROSIS in tissue<br>due to local ISCHEMIA resulting from obstruction of BLOOD<br>CIRCULATION, most commonly by a THROMBUS or EMBOLUS.",""],["Chromothripsis",107,0.0,"D000072837","C23.550.210.310",0,"Description: Massive number of chromosomal rearrangements and<br>shattering that occurs in cancer cells. The breakpoints are<br>located within one chromosome or chromosome arm.",""],["Noncommunicable Diseases",2167,0.0,"D000073296","C23.550.291.898",0,"Description: Diseases which are typically non-infectious in<br>origin and do not transmit from an affected individual to others.<br>The four main types of noncommunicable diseases are<br>CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (e.g., heart attacks and stroke), CANCER,<br>chronic respiratory diseases (e.g., CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY<br>DISEASE and ASTHMA) and DIABETES MELLITUS.",""],["Food Intolerance",79,0.0,"D000073923","C23.888.821.387",0,"Description: Digestive system disorder where a particular food<br>irritates the digestive tract or cannot be properly digested<br>(i.e., due to a lack of a digestive enzyme). It differs from FOOD<br>HYPERSENSITIVITY which is an immune system disorder, usually due<br>to specific proteins in food.<br>http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/problem-foods-is-<br>it-an-allergy-or-intolerance.",""],["Heart Block",28322,0.1,"D006327","C23.550.073.425",6,"Description: Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can<br>occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE and the right atrium (SA block) or between atria<br>and ventricles (AV block). Heart blocks can be classified by the<br>duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block.<br>Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional<br>defects.",""],["Intracranial Hemorrhages",63743,0.3,"D020300","C23.550.414.913",10,"Description: Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in<br>the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of<br>blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial<br>epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.",""],["Oncogene Addiction",22,0.0,"D000074723","C23.550.727.850",0,"Description: The dependence of tumor cells on a single oncogenic<br>pathway or protein for their continued proliferation and<br>survival.",""],["Injection Site Reaction",190,0.0,"D000075662","C23.550.340.500",0,"Description: Adverse reactions that occur initially at the site<br>of injection or infusion. Milder type is confined to a local<br>allergic flare reaction. A more severe reaction is caused by<br>extravasation of VESICANTS from the blood vessel at the site of<br>injection and can cause damage to the surrounding tissue. In<br>tumor flare reaction symptoms involve well beyond the injection<br>site such as an increase in the tumor size and tumor markers<br>levels, bone pain, and HYPERCALCEMIA.",""],["Disease Progression",10328,0.0,"D018450","C23.550.291.656",2,"Description: The worsening of a disease over time. This concept<br>is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the<br>stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and<br>prognosis.",""],["Communicable Diseases",57730,0.2,"D003141","C23.550.291.531",6,"Description: An illness caused by an infectious agent or its<br>toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of<br>the infectious agent or its products from an infected individual<br>or via an animal, vector or the inanimate environment to a<br>susceptible animal or human host.",""],["Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms",42058,0.2,"D059411","C23.888.942.343",8,"Description: Symptoms of disorders of the lower urinary tract<br>including frequency, NOCTURIA; urgency, incomplete voiding, and<br>URINARY INCONTINENCE. They are often associated with OVERACTIVE<br>BLADDER; URINARY INCOMPETENCE; and INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS. Lower<br>urinary tract symptoms in males were traditionally called<br>PROSTATISM.",""],["Iatrogenic Disease",60147,0.2,"D007049","C23.550.291.875",3,"Description: Any adverse condition in a patient occurring as the<br>result of treatment by a physician, surgeon, or other health<br>professional, especially infections acquired by a patient during<br>the course of treatment.",""],["Body Weight Changes",34735,0.1,"D001836","C23.888.144.243",8,"Description: A clinical manifestation consisting of alterations<br>in an individual's weight from his or her norm.",""],["Constipation",11115,0.0,"D003248","C23.888.821.150",1,"Description: Infrequent or difficult evacuation of FECES. These<br>symptoms are associated with a variety of causes, including low<br>DIETARY FIBER intake, emotional or nervous disturbances, systemic<br>and structural disorders, drug-induced aggravation, and<br>infections.",""],["Postoperative Cognitive Complications",338,0.0,"D000079690","C23.550.767.831",0,"Description: COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT or functional decline after a<br>surgical procedure.",""],["Neoplasm Metastasis",49533,0.2,"D009362","C23.550.727.650",6,"Description: The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of<br>the body to another remote from the primary site.",""],["Paralysis",67089,0.3,"D010243","C23.888.592.636",15,"Description: A general term most often used to describe severe or<br>complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from<br>the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term<br>may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)",""],["Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome",25907,0.1,"D018746","C23.550.835.900",2,"Description: A systemic inflammatory response to a variety of<br>clinical insults, characterized by two or more of the following<br>conditions: (1) fever >38 degrees C or HYPOTHERMIA <36 degrees C;<br>(2) TACHYCARDIA >90 beat/minute; (3) tachypnea >24<br>breaths/minute; (4) LEUKOCYTOSIS >12,000 cells/cubic mm or 10%<br>immature forms. While usually related to infection, SIRS can also<br>be associated with noninfectious insults such as TRAUMA; BURNS;<br>or PANCREATITIS. If infection is involved, a patient with SIRS is<br>said to have SEPSIS.",""],["Death, Sudden",26891,0.1,"D003645","C23.550.260.322",4,"Description: The abrupt cessation of all vital bodily functions,<br>manifested by the permanent loss of total cerebral, respiratory,<br>and cardiovascular functions.",""],["Undiagnosed Diseases",113,0.0,"D000080842","C23.550.291.968",0,"Description: Rare and common diseases lacking a diagnosis.",""],["Reperfusion Injury",41066,0.2,"D015427","C23.550.767.877",3,"Description: Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes<br>in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the<br>tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.",""],["Internal Hernia",20664,0.1,"D000082122","C23.300.707.960",5,"Description: A protrusion of an internal abdominal organ through<br>a hole in an anatomical structure such as a muscle or a membrane.<br>For instance, in paraduodenal hernia the SMALL INTESTINE<br>herniates through an opening in the MESENTERIES. It includes<br>intra-abdominal and diaphragmatic hernias. In abdominal hernia a<br>protrusion occurs through a weak spot in the muscle of the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL.",""],["Cerebral Cortical Thinning",30,0.0,"D000082643","C23.888.592.206",0,"Description: Decrease in CEREBRAL CORTICAL THICKNESS.",""],["Carcinogenesis",53228,0.2,"D063646","C23.550.727.098",5,"Description: The origin, production or development of cancer<br>through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal<br>balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis<br>generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur<br>quickly or over a period of many years.",""],["Ovarian Torsion",75,0.0,"D000082843","C23.300.970.625",0,"Description: A condition that occurs when an ovary twists around<br>the ligaments that hold it in place. This twisting can cut off<br>blood flow. It usually affects only one ovary.",""],["Hyperthermia",123,0.0,"D000084462","C23.888.119.455",0,"Description: An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually<br>as a result of inability to regulate core body temperature due to<br>non-pathologic factors.",""],["Sensation Disorders",176330,0.7,"D012678","C23.888.592.763",42,"Description: Disorders of the special senses (i.e., VISION;<br>HEARING; TASTE; and SMELL) or somatosensory system (i.e.,<br>afferent components of the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM).",""],["Rhinorrhea",2400,0.0,"D000086722","C23.888.852.834",1,"Description: Excess nasal drainage.",""],["Radiation Fibrosis Syndrome",1,0.0,"D000087525","C23.550.355.663",0,"Description: Radiation-induced fibrosis due to increased<br>production of FIBRIN. Its symptoms include CERVICAL DYSTONIA,<br>difficulty with speech and swallowing, swelling in the radiation<br>field and TRISMUS.",""],["Persistent Infection",53,0.0,"D000088562","C23.550.291.902",0,"Description: Infection which lasts for a long period with<br>continuous display of clinical features. Persistent infection<br>arises due to inability of host cells to clear primary infections<br>completely. When persistent infections are cleared so that<br>infection symptoms are under control they are often referred to<br>as chronic infections. LATENT INFECTIONS are infections in which<br>manifestation of clinical symptoms appear later.",""],["Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia",62,0.0,"D000089802","C23.550.513.178",0,"Description: A severe form of peripheral artery disease in which<br>a hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue is caused<br>by occlusion of peripheral arterial vessels. It is associated<br>with the presence of chronic ischemic rest pain, ulceration or<br>GANGRENE.",""],["Erythema",6482,0.0,"D004890","C23.888.885.328",1,"Description: Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the<br>capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease<br>processes.",""],["Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions",5,0.0,"D000090004","C23.550.291.156",0,"Description: Various health conditions in OUTPATIENT CARE<br>settings for which adequate management, treatment and<br>interventions delivered in the ambulatory care setting could<br>potentially prevent HOSPITALIZATION.",""],["Neuroinflammatory Diseases",424,0.0,"D000090862","C23.550.470.544",0,"Description: Diseases characterized by inflammation of the<br>nervous tissue.",""],["Thromboinflammation",17,0.0,"D000090882","C23.550.470.895",0,"Description: Thrombosis with associated inflammation due to<br>crosstalk between HEMOSTASIS and INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSES<br>modulated by PLATELETS. It is associated with many diseases such<br>as COVID-19; SICKLE CELL ANEMIA; and THROMBOPHLEBITIS.",""],["Seizures",52890,0.2,"D012640","C23.888.592.742",5,"Description: Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical<br>function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized<br>discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include<br>abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures<br>are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or \"seizure disorder.\"",""],["Acute Disease",8462,0.0,"D000208","C23.550.291.125",0,"Description: Disease having a short and relatively severe course.",""],["Acute-Phase Reaction",1914,0.0,"D000210","C23.550.470.099",0,"Description: An early local inflammatory reaction to insult or<br>injury that consists of fever, an increase in inflammatory<br>humoral factors, and an increased synthesis by hepatocytes of a<br>number of proteins or glycoproteins usually found in the plasma.",""],["Cicatrix",25180,0.1,"D002921","C23.550.355.274",3,"Description: The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue<br>during the process of WOUND HEALING.",""],["Aerophagy",201,0.0,"D000334","C23.888.821.061",0,"Description: Spasmodic swallowing of air.",""],["Afferent Loop Syndrome",310,0.0,"D000343","C23.550.767.050",0,"Description: A complication of gastrojejunostomy (BILLROTH II<br>PROCEDURE), a reconstructive GASTROENTEROSTOMY. It is caused by<br>acute (complete) or chronic (intermittent) obstruction of the<br>afferent jejunal loop due to HERNIA, intussusception, kinking,<br>VOLVULUS, etc. It is characterized by PAIN and VOMITING of BILE-<br>stained fluid.",""],["Proteinuria",20461,0.1,"D011507","C23.888.942.750",2,"Description: The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator<br>of KIDNEY DISEASES.",""],["Amenorrhea",6099,0.0,"D000568","C23.550.568.500",0,"Description: Absence of menstruation.",""],["Anaplasia",60,0.0,"D000708","C23.550.727.045",0,"Description: Loss of structural differentiation and useful<br>function of neoplastic cells.",""],["Aneuploidy",26109,0.1,"D000782","C23.550.210.050",4,"Description: The chromosomal constitution of cells which deviate<br>from the normal by the addition or subtraction of CHROMOSOMES,<br>chromosome pairs, or chromosome fragments. In a normally diploid<br>cell (DIPLOIDY) the loss of a chromosome pair is termed nullisomy<br>(symbol: 2N-2), the loss of a single chromosome is MONOSOMY<br>(symbol: 2N-1), the addition of a chromosome pair is tetrasomy<br>(symbol: 2N+2), the addition of a single chromosome is TRISOMY<br>(symbol: 2N+1).",""],["Anorexia",2886,0.0,"D000855","C23.888.821.108",0,"Description: The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an<br>aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining<br>characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA.",""],["Hypoxia",58846,0.2,"D000860","C23.888.852.079",3,"Description: Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of<br>living organisms.",""],["Voice Disorders",8756,0.0,"D014832","C23.888.592.979",3,"Description: Pathological processes that affect voice production,<br>usually involving VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA. Voice<br>disorders can be caused by organic (anatomical), or functional<br>(emotional or psychological) factors leading to DYSPHONIA;<br>APHONIA; and defects in VOICE QUALITY, loudness, and pitch.",""],["Apnea",4607,0.0,"D001049","C23.888.852.130",0,"Description: A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.",""],["Arrhythmia, Sinus",3792,0.0,"D001146","C23.550.073.093",2,"Description: Irregular HEART RATE caused by abnormal function of<br>the SINOATRIAL NODE. It is characterized by a greater than 10%<br>change between the maximum and the minimum sinus cycle length or<br>120 milliseconds.",""],["Vascular Fistula",18836,0.1,"D016157","C23.300.575.950",4,"Description: An abnormal passage between two or more BLOOD<br>VESSELS, between ARTERIES; VEINS; or between an artery and a<br>vein.",""],["Asphyxia",4564,0.0,"D001237","C23.550.260.095",0,"Description: A pathological condition caused by lack of oxygen,<br>manifested in impending or actual cessation of life.",""],["Atrial Fibrillation",65851,0.3,"D001281","C23.550.073.198",0,"Description: Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by<br>rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper<br>chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot<br>be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART<br>VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.",""],["Atrial Flutter",5147,0.0,"D001282","C23.550.073.248",0,"Description: Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a<br>block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a<br>reentrant wave front traveling up the inter-atrial septum and<br>down the right atrial free wall or vice versa. Unlike ATRIAL<br>FIBRILLATION which is caused by abnormal impulse generation,<br>typical atrial flutter is caused by abnormal impulse conduction.<br>As in atrial fibrillation, patients with atrial flutter cannot<br>effectively pump blood into the lower chambers of the heart<br>(HEART VENTRICLES).",""],["Cadaver",7787,0.0,"D002102","C23.550.260.224",4,"Description: A dead body, usually a human body.",""],["Digestive System Fistula",28490,0.1,"D016154","C23.300.575.185",8,"Description: An abnormal passage communicating between any<br>components of the digestive system, or between any part of the<br>digestive system and surrounding organ(s).",""],["Birth Weight",14243,0.1,"D001724","C23.888.144.186",1,"Description: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual<br>at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.",""],["Urinary Fistula",7099,0.0,"D014548","C23.300.575.825",2,"Description: An abnormal passage in any part of the URINARY TRACT<br>between itself or with other organs.",""],["Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic",6160,0.0,"D001750","C23.888.592.900",0,"Description: Dysfunction of the URINARY BLADDER due to disease of<br>the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the<br>control of URINATION. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD<br>DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL<br>NERVE DISEASES.",""],["Bradycardia",6022,0.0,"D001919","C23.550.073.300",0,"Description: Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by<br>excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in<br>human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE<br>dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.",""],["Brain Death",5773,0.0,"D001926","C23.550.260.159",0,"Description: A state of prolonged irreversible cessation of all<br>brain activity, including lower brain stem function with the<br>complete absence of voluntary movements, responses to stimuli,<br>brain stem reflexes, and spontaneous respirations. Reversible<br>conditions which mimic this clinical state (e.g., sedative<br>overdose, hypothermia, etc.) are excluded prior to making the<br>determination of brain death. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp348-9)",""],["Respiratory Tract Fistula",4611,0.0,"D016156","C23.300.575.687",1,"Description: An abnormal passage communicating between any<br>component of the respiratory tract or between any part of the<br>respiratory system and surrounding organs.",""],["Hyperphagia",7047,0.0,"D006963","C23.888.821.645",1,"Description: Ingestion of a greater than optimal quantity of<br>food.",""],["Catastrophic Illness",650,0.0,"D002388","C23.550.291.250",0,"Description: An acute or prolonged illness usually considered to<br>be life-threatening or with the threat of serious residual<br>disability. Treatment may be radical and is frequently costly.",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak",4061,0.0,"D065634","C23.888.592.114",2,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through a hole<br>through the skull bone most commonly draining from the nose<br>(CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA) or the ear (CEREBROSPINAL FLUID<br>OTORRHEA).",""],["Cheyne-Stokes Respiration",635,0.0,"D002639","C23.888.852.227",0,"Description: An abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by<br>alternating periods of apnea and deep, rapid breathing. The cycle<br>begins with slow, shallow breaths that gradually increase in<br>depth and rate and is then followed by a period of apnea. The<br>period of apnea can last 5 to 30 seconds, then the cycle repeats<br>every 45 seconds to 3 minutes.",""],["Eye Hemorrhage",6646,0.0,"D005130","C23.550.414.756",4,"Description: Intraocular hemorrhage from the vessels of various<br>tissues of the eye.",""],["Chromosomal Instability",2555,0.0,"D043171","C23.550.210.110",1,"Description: An increased tendency to acquire CHROMOSOME<br>ABERRATIONS when various processes involved in chromosome<br>replication, repair, or segregation are dysfunctional.",""],["Chromosomal Instability",2555,0.0,"D043171","C23.550.362.180",1,"Description: An increased tendency to acquire CHROMOSOME<br>ABERRATIONS when various processes involved in chromosome<br>replication, repair, or segregation are dysfunctional.",""],["Intestinal Polyps",12508,0.1,"D007417","C23.300.825.411",1,"Description: Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into<br>the lumen of the INTESTINE. A polyp is attached to the intestinal<br>wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.",""],["Convalescence",1440,0.0,"D003289","C23.550.291.562",0,"Description: The period of recovery following an illness.",""],["Cough",10233,0.0,"D003371","C23.888.852.293",0,"Description: A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs<br>through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is<br>a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi,<br>and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent<br>aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.",""],["Decerebrate State",1207,0.0,"D003655","C23.888.592.298",0,"Description: A condition characterized by abnormal posturing of<br>the limbs that is associated with injury to the brainstem. This<br>may occur as a clinical manifestation or induced experimentally<br>in animals. The extensor reflexes are exaggerated leading to<br>rigid extension of the limbs accompanied by hyperreflexia and<br>opisthotonus. This condition is usually caused by lesions which<br>occur in the region of the brainstem that lies between the red<br>nuclei and the vestibular nuclei. In contrast, decorticate<br>rigidity is characterized by flexion of the elbows and wrists<br>with extension of the legs and feet. The causative lesion for<br>this condition is located above the red nuclei and usually<br>consists of diffuse cerebral damage. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p358)",""],["Dental Calculus",1402,0.0,"D003728","C23.300.175.350",0,"Description: Abnormal concretion or calcified deposit that forms<br>around the teeth or dental prostheses.",""],["Oral Fistula",1582,0.0,"D016155","C23.300.575.500",3,"Description: An abnormal passage within the mouth communicating<br>between two or more anatomical structures.",""],["Dental Pulp Necrosis",1115,0.0,"D003790","C23.550.717.182",0,"Description: Death of pulp tissue with or without bacterial<br>invasion. When the necrosis is due to ischemia with superimposed<br>bacterial infection, it is referred to as pulp gangrene. When the<br>necrosis is non-bacterial in origin, it is called pulp<br>mummification.",""],["Diarrhea",36658,0.2,"D003967","C23.888.821.214",1,"Description: An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of<br>FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the<br>ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total<br>water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not<br>hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.",""],["Disease Susceptibility",66335,0.3,"D004198","C23.550.291.687",2,"Description: A constitution or condition of the body which makes<br>the tissues react in special ways to certain extrinsic stimuli<br>and thus tends to make the individual more than usually<br>susceptible to certain diseases.",""],["Diseases in Twins",9967,0.0,"D004200","C23.550.291.750",0,"Description: Disorders affecting TWINS, one or both, at any age.",""],["Diverticulum, Colon",2360,0.0,"D004241","C23.300.415.500",0,"Description: A pouch or sac opening from the COLON.",""],["Drowning",2728,0.0,"D004332","C23.550.260.393",0,"Description: Death that occurs as a result of anoxia or heart<br>arrest, associated with immersion in liquid.",""],["Postgastrectomy Syndromes",3777,0.0,"D011178","C23.550.767.812",1,"Description: Sequelae of gastrectomy from the second week after<br>operation on. Include recurrent or anastomotic ulcer,<br>postprandial syndromes (DUMPING SYNDROME and late postprandial<br>hypoglycemia), disordered bowel action, and nutritional<br>deficiencies.",""],["Dysmenorrhea",3099,0.0,"D004412","C23.550.568.750",0,"Description: Painful menstruation.",""],["Dyspepsia",7395,0.0,"D004415","C23.888.821.236",0,"Description: Impaired digestion, especially after eating.",""],["Dyspnea",11148,0.0,"D004417","C23.888.852.371",1,"Description: Difficult or labored breathing.",""],["Ecchymosis",783,0.0,"D004438","C23.550.414.625",0,"Description: Extravasation of blood into the skin, resulting in a<br>nonelevated, rounded or irregular, blue or purplish patch, larger<br>than a petechia.",""],["Ecchymosis",783,0.0,"D004438","C23.888.885.312",0,"Description: Extravasation of blood into the skin, resulting in a<br>nonelevated, rounded or irregular, blue or purplish patch, larger<br>than a petechia.",""],["Edema, Cardiac",551,0.0,"D004489","C23.888.277.197",0,"Description: Abnormal fluid retention by the body due to impaired<br>cardiac function or heart failure. It is usually characterized by<br>increase in venous and capillary pressure, and swollen legs when<br>standing. It is different from the generalized edema caused by<br>renal dysfunction (NEPHROTIC SYNDROME).",""],["Emergencies",13599,0.1,"D004630","C23.550.291.781",0,"Description: Situations or conditions requiring immediate<br>intervention to avoid serious adverse results.",""],["Encephalocele",3022,0.0,"D004677","C23.300.707.186",0,"Description: Brain tissue herniation through a congenital or<br>acquired defect in the skull. The majority of congenital<br>encephaloceles occur in the occipital or frontal regions.<br>Clinical features include a protuberant mass that may be<br>pulsatile. The quantity and location of protruding neural tissue<br>determines the type and degree of neurologic deficit. Visual<br>defects, psychomotor developmental delay, and persistent motor<br>deficits frequently occur.",""],["Encopresis",585,0.0,"D004688","C23.888.821.266",0,"Description: Incontinence of feces not due to organic defect or<br>illness.",""],["Eosinophilic Granuloma",2734,0.0,"D004803","C23.550.382.250",0,"Description: The most benign and common form of Langerhans-cell<br>histiocytosis which involves localized nodular lesions<br>predominantly of the bones but also of the gastric mucosa, small<br>intestine, lungs, or skin, with infiltration by EOSINOPHILS.",""],["Epistaxis",3765,0.0,"D004844","C23.550.414.712",0,"Description: Bleeding from the nose.",""],["Epistaxis",3765,0.0,"D004844","C23.888.852.040",0,"Description: Bleeding from the nose.",""],["Eructation",245,0.0,"D004884","C23.888.821.297",0,"Description: The ejection of gas or air through the mouth from<br>the stomach.",""],["Diverticulum, Esophageal",2808,0.0,"D004936","C23.300.415.625",1,"Description: Saccular protrusion beyond the wall of the<br>ESOPHAGUS.",""],["Cardiac Complexes, Premature",5396,0.0,"D005117","C23.550.073.325",2,"Description: A group of cardiac arrhythmias in which the cardiac<br>contractions are not initiated at the SINOATRIAL NODE. They<br>include both atrial and ventricular premature beats, and are also<br>known as extra or ectopic heartbeats. Their frequency is<br>increased in heart diseases.",""],["Eye Hemorrhage",777,0.0,"D005130","C23.888.307.500",0,"Description: Intraocular hemorrhage from the vessels of various<br>tissues of the eye.",""],["Neuromuscular Manifestations",43930,0.2,"D020879","C23.888.592.608",15,"Description: Signs and symptoms associated with diseases of the<br>muscle, neuromuscular junction, or peripheral nerves.",""],["Fat Necrosis",1013,0.0,"D005218","C23.550.717.365",0,"Description: A condition in which the death of adipose tissue<br>results in neutral fats being split into fatty acids and<br>glycerol.",""],["Osteonecrosis",13965,0.1,"D010020","C23.550.717.732",2,"Description: Death of a bone or part of a bone, either atraumatic<br>or posttraumatic.",""],["Fetal Death",14048,0.1,"D005313","C23.550.260.585",2,"Description: Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a<br>dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.",""],["Fetal Growth Retardation",12141,0.0,"D005317","C23.550.393.450",0,"Description: Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.",""],["Fever",25476,0.1,"D005334","C23.888.119.344",2,"Description: An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually<br>as a result of a pathologic process.",""],["Flatulence",686,0.0,"D005414","C23.888.821.360",0,"Description: Production or presence of gas in the<br>gastrointestinal tract which may be expelled through the anus.",""],["Flushing",753,0.0,"D005483","C23.888.885.344",0,"Description: A transient reddening of the face that may be due to<br>fever, certain drugs, exertion, or stress.",""],["Foreign-Body Reaction",3378,0.0,"D005549","C23.550.470.251",1,"Description: Chronic inflammation and granuloma formation around<br>irritating foreign bodies.",""],["Gagging",260,0.0,"D005683","C23.888.821.414",0,"Description: Contraction of the muscle of the PHARYNX caused by<br>stimulation of sensory receptors on the SOFT PALATE, by psychic<br>stimuli, or systemically by drugs.",""],["Gangrene",4177,0.0,"D005734","C23.550.717.427",0,"Description: Death and putrefaction of tissue usually due to a<br>loss of blood supply.",""],["Oral Hemorrhage",1591,0.0,"D006472","C23.550.414.922",1,"Description: Bleeding from the blood vessels of the mouth, which<br>may occur as a result of injuries to the mouth, accidents in oral<br>surgery, or diseases of the gums.",""],["Graft Occlusion, Vascular",7726,0.0,"D006083","C23.550.767.400",0,"Description: Obstruction of flow in biological or prosthetic<br>vascular grafts.",""],["Granuloma, Giant Cell",1713,0.0,"D006101","C23.550.382.468",0,"Description: A non-neoplastic inflammatory lesion, usually of the<br>jaw or gingiva, containing large, multinucleated cells. It<br>includes reparative giant cell granuloma. Peripheral giant cell<br>granuloma refers to the gingiva (giant cell epulis); central<br>refers to the jaw.",""],["Granuloma, Respiratory Tract",608,0.0,"D015769","C23.550.382.968",1,"Description: Granulomatous disorders affecting one or more sites<br>in the respiratory tract.",""],["Granuloma, Plasma Cell",2703,0.0,"D006104","C23.550.382.875",0,"Description: A slow-growing benign pseudotumor in which plasma<br>cells greatly outnumber the inflammatory cells.",""],["Halitosis",1417,0.0,"D006209","C23.888.821.475",0,"Description: An offensive, foul breath odor resulting from a<br>variety of causes such as poor oral hygiene, dental or oral<br>infections, or the ingestion of certain foods.",""],["Cardiomegaly",28639,0.1,"D006332","C23.300.775.250",2,"Description: Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a<br>cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve<br>the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA.<br>Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with<br>chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms<br>of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.",""],["Heartburn",1071,0.0,"D006356","C23.888.821.525",0,"Description: Substernal pain or burning sensation, usually<br>associated with regurgitation of gastric juice into the<br>esophagus.",""],["Hemarthrosis",1664,0.0,"D006395","C23.550.414.794",0,"Description: Bleeding into the joints. It may arise from trauma<br>or spontaneously in patients with hemophilia.",""],["Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage",40561,0.2,"D006471","C23.550.414.788",3,"Description: Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL<br>TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.",""],["Vomiting",17932,0.1,"D014839","C23.888.821.937",5,"Description: The forcible expulsion of the contents of the<br>STOMACH through the MOUTH.",""],["Hematocele",118,0.0,"D006398","C23.550.414.817",0,"Description: Hemorrhage into a canal or cavity of the body, such<br>as the space covered by the serous membrane (tunica vaginalis)<br>around the TESTIS leading to testicular hematocele or scrotal<br>hematocele.",""],["Hematoma",28596,0.1,"D006406","C23.550.414.838",7,"Description: A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS.<br>Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue.",""],["Hematuria",6320,0.0,"D006417","C23.550.414.849",0,"Description: Presence of blood in the urine.",""],["Hemobilia",1039,0.0,"D006431","C23.550.414.864",0,"Description: Hemorrhage in or through the BILIARY TRACT due to<br>trauma, inflammation, CHOLELITHIASIS, vascular disease, or<br>neoplasms.",""],["Hemoperitoneum",2529,0.0,"D006465","C23.550.414.888",0,"Description: Accumulations of blood in the PERITONEAL CAVITY due<br>to internal HEMORRHAGE.",""],["Hemothorax",2510,0.0,"D006491","C23.550.414.904",1,"Description: Hemorrhage within the pleural cavity.",""],["Hemoptysis",4326,0.0,"D006469","C23.550.414.896",0,"Description: Expectoration or spitting of blood originating from<br>any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, usually from hemorrhage in the<br>lung parenchyma (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and the BRONCHIAL ARTERIES.",""],["Hemoptysis",4326,0.0,"D006469","C23.888.852.430",0,"Description: Expectoration or spitting of blood originating from<br>any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, usually from hemorrhage in the<br>lung parenchyma (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and the BRONCHIAL ARTERIES.",""],["Oral Hemorrhage",1165,0.0,"D006472","C23.888.619.500",0,"Description: Bleeding from the blood vessels of the mouth, which<br>may occur as a result of injuries to the mouth, accidents in oral<br>surgery, or diseases of the gums.",""],["Uterine Hemorrhage",17896,0.1,"D014592","C23.550.414.993",3,"Description: Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes<br>manifested as vaginal bleeding.",""],["Hepatomegaly",1828,0.0,"D006529","C23.300.775.525",0,"Description: Enlargement of the liver.",""],["Hernia, Abdominal",28634,0.1,"D046449","C23.300.707.374",5,"Description: A protrusion of abdominal structures through the<br>retaining ABDOMINAL WALL. It involves two parts: an opening in<br>the abdominal wall, and a hernia sac consisting of PERITONEUM and<br>abdominal contents. Abdominal hernias include groin hernia<br>(HERNIA, FEMORAL; HERNIA, INGUINAL) and VENTRAL HERNIA.",""],["Hernia, Obturator",549,0.0,"D006553","C23.300.707.937",0,"Description: A pelvic hernia through the obturator foramen, a<br>large aperture in the hip bone normally covered by a membrane.<br>Obturator hernia can lead to intestinal incarceration and<br>INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION.",""],["Hiccup",1124,0.0,"D006606","C23.888.821.578",0,"Description: A spasm of the diaphragm that causes a sudden<br>inhalation followed by rapid closure of the glottis which<br>produces a sound.",""],["Hirsutism",2780,0.0,"D006628","C23.888.971.468",0,"Description: A condition observed in WOMEN and CHILDREN when<br>there is excess coarse body hair of an adult male distribution<br>pattern, such as facial and chest areas. It is the result of<br>elevated ANDROGENS from the OVARIES, the ADRENAL GLANDS, or<br>exogenous sources. The concept does not include HYPERTRICHOSIS,<br>which is an androgen-independent excessive hair growth.",""],["Hoarseness",1101,0.0,"D006685","C23.888.852.490",0,"Description: An unnaturally deep or rough quality of voice.",""],["Pupil Disorders",3292,0.0,"D011681","C23.888.592.708",4,"Description: Conditions which affect the structure or function of<br>the pupil of the eye, including disorders of innervation to the<br>pupillary constrictor or dilator muscles, and disorders of<br>pupillary reflexes.",""],["Hypercapnia",4871,0.0,"D006935","C23.888.852.544",0,"Description: A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the<br>amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.",""],["Hyperventilation",3377,0.0,"D006985","C23.888.852.591",0,"Description: A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is<br>metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the<br>result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal<br>volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of<br>oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide.",""],["Hypothermia",11971,0.0,"D007035","C23.888.119.565",0,"Description: Lower than normal body temperature, especially in<br>warm-blooded animals.",""],["Hypoventilation",1280,0.0,"D007040","C23.888.852.638",0,"Description: A reduction in the amount of air entering the<br>pulmonary alveoli.",""],["Intervertebral Disc Displacement",17022,0.1,"D007405","C23.300.707.952",0,"Description: An INTERVERTEBRAL DISC in which the NUCLEUS PULPOSUS<br>has protruded through surrounding ANNULUS FIBROSUS. This occurs<br>most frequently in the lower lumbar region.",""],["Chromosome Inversion",2627,0.0,"D007446","C23.550.210.190",0,"Description: An aberration in which a chromosomal segment is<br>deleted and reinserted in the same place but turned 180 degrees<br>from its original orientation, so that the gene sequence for the<br>segment is reversed with respect to that of the rest of the<br>chromosome.",""],["Jaundice",13273,0.1,"D007565","C23.550.429.500",1,"Description: A clinical manifestation of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA,<br>characterized by the yellowish staining of the SKIN; MUCOUS<br>MEMBRANE; and SCLERA. Clinical jaundice usually is a sign of<br>LIVER dysfunction.",""],["Jaundice",13273,0.1,"D007565","C23.888.885.375",1,"Description: A clinical manifestation of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA,<br>characterized by the yellowish staining of the SKIN; MUCOUS<br>MEMBRANE; and SCLERA. Clinical jaundice usually is a sign of<br>LIVER dysfunction.",""],["Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal",5781,0.0,"D051556","C23.550.429.249",1,"Description: Accumulation of BILIRUBIN, a breakdown product of<br>HEME PROTEINS, in the BLOOD during the first weeks of life. This<br>may lead to NEONATAL JAUNDICE. The excess bilirubin may exist in<br>the unconjugated (indirect) or the conjugated (direct) form. The<br>condition may be self-limiting (PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE)<br>or pathological with toxic levels of bilirubin.",""],["Kernicterus",1034,0.0,"D007647","C23.550.429.750",0,"Description: A term used pathologically to describe BILIRUBIN<br>staining of the BASAL GANGLIA; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM and<br>clinically to describe a syndrome associated with<br>HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Clinical features include athetosis, MUSCLE<br>SPASTICITY or hypotonia, impaired vertical gaze, and DEAFNESS.<br>Nonconjugated bilirubin enters the brain and acts as a<br>neurotoxin, often in association with conditions that impair the<br>BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER (e.g., SEPSIS). This condition occurs<br>primarily in neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN), but may rarely occur in<br>adults. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p613)",""],["Leukoplakia, Oral",2448,0.0,"D007972","C23.300.816.513",1,"Description: A white patch seen on the oral mucosa. It is<br>considered a premalignant condition and is often tobacco-induced.<br>When evidence of Epstein-Barr virus is present, the condition is<br>called hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).",""],["Liver Cirrhosis",74739,0.3,"D008103","C23.550.355.412",3,"Description: Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation,<br>the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have<br>been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa<br>surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.",""],["Long QT Syndrome",8276,0.0,"D008133","C23.550.073.547",2,"Description: A condition that is characterized by episodes of<br>fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia<br>as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms<br>are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel<br>proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and<br>JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.",""],["Malignant Hyperthermia",3662,0.0,"D008305","C23.550.505.700",0,"Description: Rapid and excessive rise of temperature accompanied<br>by muscular rigidity following general anesthesia.",""],["Malignant Hyperthermia",3662,0.0,"D008305","C23.550.767.600",0,"Description: Rapid and excessive rise of temperature accompanied<br>by muscular rigidity following general anesthesia.",""],["Meckel Diverticulum",3622,0.0,"D008467","C23.300.415.750",0,"Description: A congenital abnormality characterized by the<br>outpouching or sac formation in the ILEUM. It is a remnant of the<br>embryonic YOLK SAC in which the VITELLINE DUCT failed to close.",""],["Mediastinal Emphysema",3406,0.0,"D008478","C23.550.325.250",0,"Description: Presence of air in the mediastinal tissues due to<br>leakage of air from the tracheobronchial tree, usually as a<br>result of trauma.",""],["Meningism",170,0.0,"D008580","C23.888.592.544",0,"Description: A condition characterized by neck stiffness,<br>headache, and other symptoms suggestive of meningeal irritation,<br>but without actual inflammation of the meninges (MENINGITIS).<br>Spinal fluid pressure may be elevated but spinal fluid is normal.<br>(DeJong, The Neurologic Examination, 4th ed, p673)",""],["Meningocele",2294,0.0,"D008588","C23.300.707.968",0,"Description: A congenital or acquired protrusion of the meninges,<br>unaccompanied by neural tissue, through a bony defect in the<br>skull or vertebral column.",""],["Menorrhagia",3499,0.0,"D008595","C23.550.568.875",0,"Description: Excessive uterine bleeding during MENSTRUATION.",""],["Mouth Breathing",620,0.0,"D009058","C23.888.852.761",0,"Description: Abnormal breathing through the mouth, usually<br>associated with obstructive disorders of the nasal passages.",""],["Multiple Organ Failure",6898,0.0,"D009102","C23.550.835.525",0,"Description: A progressive condition usually characterized by<br>combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver,<br>kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury<br>or postoperative.",""],["Muscular Atrophy",16114,0.1,"D009133","C23.300.070.500",1,"Description: Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers<br>occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following<br>immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and<br>particularly in denervation.",""],["Nasal Polyps",6272,0.0,"D009298","C23.300.825.557",0,"Description: Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL<br>MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal<br>connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION,<br>degenerative lesions, or malformations.",""],["Nausea",9296,0.0,"D009325","C23.888.821.712",1,"Description: An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually<br>accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early<br>pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense<br>pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.",""],["Neoplasm Invasiveness",9037,0.0,"D009361","C23.550.727.645",1,"Description: Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively<br>destroy surrounding tissue.",""],["Neoplasm Recurrence, Local",61610,0.3,"D009364","C23.550.727.655",0,"Description: The local recurrence of a neoplasm following<br>treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original<br>neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later<br>become clinically visible at the original site.",""],["Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous",1810,0.0,"D009365","C23.550.727.670",0,"Description: Disappearance of a neoplasm or neoplastic state<br>without the intervention of therapy.",""],["Neovascularization, Pathologic",37332,0.2,"D009389","C23.550.589.500",3,"Description: A pathologic process consisting of the proliferation<br>of blood vessels in abnormal tissues or in abnormal positions.",""],["Nondisjunction, Genetic",1244,0.0,"D009630","C23.550.210.645",1,"Description: The failure of homologous CHROMOSOMES or CHROMATIDS<br>to segregate during MITOSIS or MEIOSIS with the result that one<br>daughter cell has both of a pair of parental chromosomes or<br>chromatids and the other has none.",""],["Oligomenorrhea",320,0.0,"D009839","C23.550.568.937",0,"Description: Abnormally infrequent menstruation.",""],["Oliguria",654,0.0,"D009846","C23.888.942.400",0,"Description: Decreased URINE output that is below the normal<br>range. Oliguria can be defined as urine output of less than or<br>equal to 0.5 or 1 ml/kg/hr depending on the age.",""],["Pain, Postoperative",31564,0.1,"D010149","C23.550.767.700",1,"Description: Pain during the period after surgery.",""],["Pallor",150,0.0,"D010167","C23.888.885.500",0,"Description: A clinical manifestation consisting of an unnatural<br>paleness of the skin.",""],["Paresis",5484,0.0,"D010291","C23.888.592.643",2,"Description: A general term referring to a mild to moderate<br>degree of muscular weakness, occasionally used as a synonym for<br>PARALYSIS (severe or complete loss of motor function). In the<br>older literature, paresis often referred specifically to paretic<br>neurosyphilis (see NEUROSYPHILIS). \"General paresis\" and \"general<br>paralysis\" may still carry that connotation. Bilateral lower<br>extremity paresis is referred to as PARAPARESIS.",""],["Parovarian Cyst",216,0.0,"D010310","C23.300.306.500",0,"Description: A cyst (CYSTS) near the OVARY, derived from<br>anomalies of the FALLOPIAN TUBES or the BROAD LIGAMENT. The<br>paramesonephric type consists of ciliated cells similar to the<br>oviduct epithelium. The mesonephric type consisted of an<br>epithelium with minimally surface structures. They can be found<br>on the thin oviduct (paratubal cysts) or near its fimbriated end<br>(hydatid of Morgagni).",""],["Translocation, Genetic",15864,0.1,"D014178","C23.550.210.870",1,"Description: A type of chromosome aberration characterized by<br>CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE and transfer of the broken-off portion to<br>another location, often to a different chromosome.",""],["Pica",964,0.0,"D010842","C23.888.821.825",0,"Description: The persistent eating of non-nutritive substances<br>for a period of at least one month.",""],["Polyploidy",5012,0.0,"D011123","C23.550.210.702",2,"Description: The chromosomal constitution of a cell containing<br>multiples of the normal number of CHROMOSOMES; includes triploidy<br>(symbol: 3N), tetraploidy (symbol: 4N), etc.",""],["Polyuria",1168,0.0,"D011141","C23.888.942.600",0,"Description: Urination of a large volume of urine with an<br>increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes<br>(DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS).",""],["Postpericardiotomy Syndrome",282,0.0,"D011185","C23.550.767.863",0,"Description: A nonspecific hypersensitivity reaction caused by<br>TRAUMA to the PERICARDIUM, often following PERICARDIOTOMY. It is<br>characterized by PERICARDIAL EFFUSION; high titers of anti-heart<br>antibodies; low-grade FEVER; LETHARGY; loss of APPETITE; or<br>ABDOMINAL PAIN.",""],["Premenstrual Syndrome",3985,0.0,"D011293","C23.550.568.968",1,"Description: A combination of distressing physical, psychologic,<br>or behavioral changes that occur during the luteal phase of the<br>menstrual cycle. Symptoms of PMS are diverse (such as pain,<br>water-retention, anxiety, cravings, and depression) and they<br>diminish markedly 2 or 3 days after the initiation of menses.",""],["Prosthesis Failure",10144,0.0,"D011475","C23.550.767.865",1,"Description: Malfunction of implantation shunts, valves, etc.,<br>and prosthesis loosening, migration, and breaking.",""],["Pruritus",9603,0.0,"D011537","C23.888.885.625",1,"Description: An intense itching sensation that produces the urge<br>to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.",""],["Psychophysiologic Disorders",14664,0.1,"D011602","C23.888.592.700",0,"Description: A group of disorders characterized by physical<br>symptoms that are affected by emotional factors and involve a<br>single organ system, usually under AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM<br>control. (American Psychiatric Glossary, 1988)",""],["Pulmonary Fibrosis",15802,0.1,"D011658","C23.550.355.644",0,"Description: A process in which normal lung tissues are<br>progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an<br>irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the<br>bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive<br>DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.",""],["Purpura",29606,0.1,"D011693","C23.550.414.950",7,"Description: Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily<br>visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the<br>tissues. When the size of the discolorization is >2-3 cm it is<br>generally called Ecchymoses (ECCHYMOSIS).",""],["Purpura",29606,0.1,"D011693","C23.888.885.687",7,"Description: Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily<br>visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the<br>tissues. When the size of the discolorization is >2-3 cm it is<br>generally called Ecchymoses (ECCHYMOSIS).",""],["Pelvic Organ Prolapse",12720,0.1,"D056887","C23.300.842.624",4,"Description: Abnormal descent of a pelvic organ resulting in the<br>protrusion of the organ beyond its normal anatomical confines.<br>Symptoms often include vaginal discomfort, DYSPAREUNIA; URINARY<br>STRESS INCONTINENCE; and FECAL INCONTINENCE.",""],["Vaginal Fistula",4697,0.0,"D014624","C23.300.575.925",2,"Description: An abnormal anatomical passage that connects the<br>VAGINA to other organs, such as the bladder (VESICOVAGINAL<br>FISTULA) or the rectum (RECTOVAGINAL FISTULA).",""],["Reflex, Abnormal",2347,0.0,"D012021","C23.888.592.717",0,"Description: An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the<br>sensory components of the nervous system. This may take the form<br>of increased, decreased, or absent reflexes.",""],["Respiratory Sounds",8243,0.0,"D012135","C23.888.852.779",1,"Description: Noises, normal and abnormal, heard on auscultation<br>over any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT.",""],["Retrograde Degeneration",250,0.0,"D012183","C23.550.737.500",0,"Description: Pathologic changes that occur in the axon and cell<br>body of a neuron proximal to an axonal lesion. The process is<br>characterized by central chromatolysis which features flattening<br>and displacement of the nucleus, loss of Nissl bodies, and<br>cellular edema. Central chromatolysis primarily occurs in lower<br>motor neurons.",""],["Retroperitoneal Fibrosis",2530,0.0,"D012185","C23.550.355.700",0,"Description: A slowly progressive condition of unknown etiology,<br>characterized by deposition of fibrous tissue in the<br>retroperitoneal space compressing the ureters, great vessels,<br>bile duct, and other structures. When associated with abdominal<br>aortic aneurysm, it may be called chronic periaortitis or<br>inflammatory perianeurysmal fibrosis.",""],["Ring Chromosomes",788,0.0,"D012303","C23.550.210.760",0,"Description: Aberrant chromosomes with no ends, i.e., circular.",""],["Salivary Calculi",1752,0.0,"D020792","C23.300.175.700",2,"Description: The presence of calculi in a salivary duct or gland.",""],["Serositis",372,0.0,"D012700","C23.550.470.646",0,"Description: Inflammation of a serous membrane.",""],["Sex Chromosome Aberrations",4485,0.0,"D012729","C23.550.210.815",1,"Description: Abnormal number or structure of the SEX CHROMOSOMES.<br>Some sex chromosome aberrations are associated with SEX<br>CHROMOSOME DISORDERS and SEX CHROMOSOME DISORDERS OF SEX<br>DEVELOPMENT.",""],["Shock, Cardiogenic",6811,0.0,"D012770","C23.550.835.550",0,"Description: Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in<br>heart disease.",""],["Shock, Hemorrhagic",9966,0.0,"D012771","C23.550.414.980",0,"Description: Acute hemorrhage or excessive fluid loss resulting<br>in HYPOVOLEMIA.",""],["Shock, Hemorrhagic",9966,0.0,"D012771","C23.550.835.650",0,"Description: Acute hemorrhage or excessive fluid loss resulting<br>in HYPOVOLEMIA.",""],["Shock, Surgical",716,0.0,"D012773","C23.550.767.879",0,"Description: A type of shock that occurs as a result of a<br>surgical procedure.",""],["Shock, Surgical",716,0.0,"D012773","C23.550.835.775",0,"Description: A type of shock that occurs as a result of a<br>surgical procedure.",""],["Shock, Traumatic",3081,0.0,"D012774","C23.550.835.888",0,"Description: Shock produced as a result of trauma.",""],["Short Bowel Syndrome",2842,0.0,"D012778","C23.550.767.882",0,"Description: A malabsorption syndrome resulting from extensive<br>operative resection of the SMALL INTESTINE, the absorptive region<br>of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Sleep Wake Disorders",29448,0.1,"D012893","C23.888.592.796",1,"Description: Abnormal sleep-wake schedule or pattern associated<br>with the CIRCADIAN RHYTHM which affect the length, timing, and/or<br>rigidity of the sleep-wake cycle relative to the day-night cycle.",""],["Sneezing",373,0.0,"D012912","C23.888.852.889",0,"Description: The sudden, forceful, involuntary expulsion of air<br>from the NOSE and MOUTH caused by irritation to the MUCOUS<br>MEMBRANES of the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT.",""],["Spermatocele",165,0.0,"D013088","C23.300.306.750",0,"Description: A cystic dilation of the EPIDIDYMIS, usually in the<br>head portion (caput epididymis). The cyst fluid contains dead<br>SPERMATOZOA and can be easily differentiated from TESTICULAR<br>HYDROCELE and other testicular lesions.",""],["Splenomegaly",4627,0.0,"D013163","C23.300.775.750",0,"Description: Enlargement of the spleen.",""],["Diverticulum, Stomach",469,0.0,"D013273","C23.300.415.687",0,"Description: Saccular, outward protrusion of all or a portion of<br>the wall of the STOMACH.",""],["Subcutaneous Emphysema",5252,0.0,"D013352","C23.550.325.500",1,"Description: Presence of air or gas in the subcutaneous tissues<br>of the body.",""],["Infant Death",6949,0.0,"D066088","C23.550.260.657",1,"Description: The death of a live-born INFANT within its first<br>year of life.",""],["Surgical Wound Dehiscence",3934,0.0,"D013529","C23.550.767.887",0,"Description: Pathologic process consisting of a partial or<br>complete disruption of the layers of a surgical wound.",""],["Surgical Wound Infection",26329,0.1,"D013530","C23.550.767.925",0,"Description: Infection occurring at the site of a surgical<br>incision.",""],["Syndrome",8604,0.0,"D013577","C23.550.288.500",0,"Description: A characteristic symptom complex.",""],["Tachycardia",45107,0.2,"D013610","C23.550.073.845",11,"Description: Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART<br>RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia<br>accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac<br>arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.",""],["Thinness",3873,0.0,"D013851","C23.888.144.828",0,"Description: A state of insufficient flesh on the body usually<br>defined as having a body weight less than skeletal and physical<br>standards. Depending on age, sex, and genetic background, a BODY<br>MASS INDEX of less than 18.5 is considered as underweight.",""],["Chromosome Duplication",8933,0.0,"D058674","C23.550.210.182",2,"Description: An aberration in which an extra chromosome or a<br>chromosomal segment is made.",""],["Ventricular Fibrillation",12210,0.1,"D014693","C23.550.073.922",0,"Description: A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is<br>characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of<br>electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such<br>asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any<br>effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness<br>(SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns<br>seen with CARDIAC ARREST.",""],["Vertigo",8205,0.0,"D014717","C23.888.592.958",1,"Description: An illusion of movement, either of the external<br>world revolving around the individual or of the individual<br>revolving in space. Vertigo may be associated with disorders of<br>the inner ear (EAR, INNER); VESTIBULAR NERVE; BRAINSTEM; or<br>CEREBRAL CORTEX. Lesions in the TEMPORAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE<br>may be associated with FOCAL SEIZURES that may feature vertigo as<br>an ictal manifestation. (From Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, pp300-1)",""],["Wallerian Degeneration",1109,0.0,"D014855","C23.550.737.750",0,"Description: Degeneration of distal aspects of a nerve axon<br>following injury to the cell body or proximal portion of the<br>axon. The process is characterized by fragmentation of the axon<br>and its MYELIN SHEATH.",""],["Abnormal Karyotype",465,0.0,"D059786","C23.550.210.024",1,"Description: A variation from the normal set of chromosomes<br>characteristic of a species.",""],["Hydrops Fetalis",1822,0.0,"D015160","C23.888.277.395",0,"Description: Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more<br>fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA;<br>PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-<br>immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of<br>ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.",""],["Granuloma, Foreign-Body",2010,0.0,"D015745","C23.550.382.437",0,"Description: Histiocytic, inflammatory response to a foreign<br>body. It consists of modified macrophages with multinucleated<br>giant cells, in this case foreign-body giant cells (GIANT CELLS,<br>FOREIGN-BODY), usually surrounded by lymphocytes.",""],["Blood Loss, Surgical",7073,0.0,"D016063","C23.550.414.300",0,"Description: Loss of blood during a surgical procedure.",""],["Blood Loss, Surgical",7073,0.0,"D016063","C23.550.505.300",0,"Description: Loss of blood during a surgical procedure.",""],["Prosthesis-Related Infections",13418,0.1,"D016459","C23.550.767.868",0,"Description: Infections resulting from the implantation of<br>prosthetic devices. The infections may be acquired from<br>intraoperative contamination (early) or hematogenously acquired<br>from other sites (late).",""],["Granuloma Annulare",990,0.0,"D016460","C23.550.382.375",0,"Description: Benign granulomatous disease of unknown etiology<br>characterized by a ring of localized or disseminated papules or<br>nodules on the skin and palisading histiocytes surrounding<br>necrobiotic tissue resulting from altered collagen structures.",""],["Critical Illness",18775,0.1,"D016638","C23.550.291.625",0,"Description: A disease or state in which death is possible or<br>imminent.",""],["Hypocapnia",516,0.0,"D016857","C23.888.852.614",0,"Description: Clinical manifestation consisting of a deficiency of<br>carbon dioxide in arterial blood.",""],["Postcholecystectomy Syndrome",323,0.0,"D017562","C23.550.767.775",0,"Description: Abdominal symptoms after removal of the GALLBLADDER.<br>The common postoperative symptoms are often the same as those<br>present before the operation, such as COLIC, bloating, NAUSEA,<br>and VOMITING. There is pain on palpation of the right upper<br>quadrant and sometimes JAUNDICE. The term is often used,<br>inaccurately, to describe such postoperative symptoms not due to<br>gallbladder removal.",""],["Parasystole",116,0.0,"D017574","C23.550.073.670",0,"Description: A cardiac arrhythmia that is caused by interaction<br>of two independently initiated cardiac impulses of different<br>rates from two separate foci. Generally one focus is the<br>SINOATRIAL NODE, the normal pacemaker. The ectopic focus is<br>usually in the HEART VENTRICLE but can be in the HEART ATRIUM or<br>the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. Modulation of the parasystolic rhythm<br>by the sinus rhythm depends on the completeness of entrance block<br>surrounding the parasystolic focus.",""],["Cutaneous Fistula",2610,0.0,"D017577","C23.300.575.150",0,"Description: An abnormal passage or communication leading from an<br>internal organ to the surface of the body.",""],["Granuloma, Pyogenic",1154,0.0,"D017789","C23.550.382.937",0,"Description: A disorder of the skin, the oral mucosa, and the<br>gingiva, that usually presents as a solitary polypoid capillary<br>hemangioma often resulting from trauma. It is manifested as an<br>inflammatory response with similar characteristics to those of a<br>granuloma.",""],["Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament",1147,0.0,"D017887","C23.550.751.500",0,"Description: A calcification of the posterior longitudinal<br>ligament of the spinal column, usually at the level of the<br>cervical spine. It is often associated with anterior ankylosing<br>hyperostosis.",""],["Neoplasm, Residual",3428,0.0,"D018365","C23.550.727.700",0,"Description: Remnant of a tumor or cancer after primary,<br>potentially curative therapy.",""],["Isochromosomes",320,0.0,"D018404","C23.550.210.430",0,"Description: Metacentric chromosomes produced during MEIOSIS or<br>MITOSIS when the CENTROMERE splits transversely instead of<br>longitudinally. The chromosomes produced by this abnormal<br>division are one chromosome having the two long arms of the<br>original chromosome, but no short arms, and the other chromosome<br>consisting of the two short arms and no long arms. Each of these<br>isochromosomes constitutes a simultaneous duplication and<br>deletion.",""],["Space Motion Sickness",128,0.0,"D018489","C23.888.571.800",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by nausea, vomiting, and<br>dizziness, possibly in response to vestibular disorientation or<br>fluid shifts associated with space flight. (From Webster's New<br>World Dictionary)",""],["Hyperoxia",3167,0.0,"D018496","C23.888.852.567",0,"Description: An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the<br>tissues and organs.",""],["Facies",609,0.0,"D019066","C23.550.291.812",0,"Description: The appearance of the face that is often<br>characteristic of a disease or pathological condition, as the<br>elfin facies of WILLIAMS SYNDROME or the mongoloid facies of DOWN<br>SYNDROME. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)",""],["Cafe-au-Lait Spots",266,0.0,"D019080","C23.888.885.250",0,"Description: Light brown pigmented macules associated with<br>NEUROFIBROMATOSIS and Albright's syndrome (see FIBROUS DYSPLASIA,<br>POLYOSTOTIC).",""],["Postoperative Hemorrhage",8440,0.0,"D019106","C23.550.414.941",1,"Description: Hemorrhage following any surgical procedure. It may<br>be immediate or delayed and is not restricted to the surgical<br>wound.",""],["Postoperative Hemorrhage",8440,0.0,"D019106","C23.550.767.850",1,"Description: Hemorrhage following any surgical procedure. It may<br>be immediate or delayed and is not restricted to the surgical<br>wound.",""],["Retrobulbar Hemorrhage",249,0.0,"D019315","C23.550.414.960",0,"Description: Hemorrhage within the orbital cavity, posterior to<br>the eyeball.",""],["Chromosome Breakage",966,0.0,"D019457","C23.550.210.170",0,"Description: A type of chromosomal aberration involving DNA<br>BREAKS. Chromosome breakage can result in CHROMOSOMAL<br>TRANSLOCATION; CHROMOSOME INVERSION; or SEQUENCE DELETION.",""],["Rectocele",543,0.0,"D020047","C23.300.707.984",0,"Description: Herniation of the RECTUM into the VAGINA.",""],["Neurogenic Inflammation",593,0.0,"D020078","C23.550.470.448",0,"Description: Inflammation caused by an injurious stimulus of<br>peripheral neurons and resulting in release of neuropeptides<br>which affect vascular permeability and help initiate<br>proinflammatory and immune reactions at the site of injury.",""],["Jet Lag Syndrome",358,0.0,"D020179","C23.888.914.500",0,"Description: A chronobiologic disorder resulting from rapid<br>travel across a number of time zones, characterized by insomnia<br>or hypersomnolence, fatigue, behavioral symptoms, headaches, and<br>gastrointestinal disturbances. (From Cooper, Sleep, 1994,<br>pp593-8)",""],["Gait Disorders, Neurologic",7130,0.0,"D020233","C23.888.592.413",2,"Description: Gait abnormalities that are a manifestation of<br>nervous system dysfunction. These conditions may be caused by a<br>wide variety of disorders which affect motor control, sensory<br>feedback, and muscle strength including: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM<br>DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR<br>DISEASES; or MUSCULAR DISEASES.",""],["Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting",2781,0.0,"D020250","C23.550.767.859",0,"Description: Emesis and queasiness occurring after anesthesia.",""],["Fetal Weight",765,0.0,"D020567","C23.888.144.300",0,"Description: The weight of the FETUS in utero. It is usually<br>estimated by various formulas based on measurements made during<br>PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY.",""],["Embryo Loss",700,0.0,"D020964","C23.550.260.440",0,"Description: Early pregnancy loss during the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN<br>stage of development. In the human, this period comprises the<br>second through eighth week after fertilization.",""],["Rare Diseases",6074,0.0,"D035583","C23.550.291.906",0,"Description: A large group of diseases which are characterized by<br>a low prevalence in the population. They frequently are<br>associated with problems in diagnosis and treatment.",""],["Gallstones",10038,0.0,"D042882","C23.300.175.525",0,"Description: Solid crystalline precipitates in the BILIARY TRACT,<br>usually formed in the GALLBLADDER, resulting in the condition of<br>CHOLELITHIASIS. Gallstones, derived from the BILE, consist mainly<br>of calcium, cholesterol, or bilirubin.",""],["Intestinal Volvulus",2970,0.0,"D045822","C23.300.970.500",0,"Description: A twisting in the intestine (INTESTINES) that can<br>cause INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION.",""],["Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective",1898,0.0,"D048629","C23.550.210.570",0,"Description: Defective nuclei produced during the TELOPHASE of<br>MITOSIS or MEIOSIS by lagging CHROMOSOMES or chromosome fragments<br>derived from spontaneous or experimentally induced chromosomal<br>structural changes.",""],["Seroma",784,0.0,"D049291","C23.550.470.640",0,"Description: Tumor-like sterile accumulation of serum in a<br>tissue, organ, or cavity. It results from a tissue insult and is<br>the product of tissue inflammation. It most commonly occurs<br>following MASTECTOMY.",""],["Subacute Combined Degeneration",213,0.0,"D052879","C23.550.737.625",0,"Description: A neuropathy due to VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY or to<br>excessive NITROUS OXIDE inhalation. It is associated with<br>overproduction of the myelinolytic TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA.",""],["Hypercalciuria",666,0.0,"D053565","C23.888.942.337",0,"Description: Excretion of abnormally high level of CALCIUM in the<br>URINE, greater than 4 mg/kg/day.",""],["Urinoma",141,0.0,"D053584","C23.888.942.900",0,"Description: An encapsulated accumulation of URINE in the<br>retroperitoneal area. It has the appearance of a cyst (CYSTS).<br>Urinoma is usually caused by URETERAL OBSTRUCTION, renal trauma<br>or perforation of the renal collecting system.",""],["DNA Degradation, Necrotic",99,0.0,"D053836","C23.550.717.273",0,"Description: The random catabolism of DNA accompanying the<br>irreversible damage to tissue which leads to the pathological<br>death of one or more cells.",""],["Microsatellite Instability",1731,0.0,"D053842","C23.550.362.590",0,"Description: The occurrence of highly polymorphic mono- and<br>dinucleotide MICROSATELLITE REPEATS in somatic cells. It is a<br>form of genome instability associated with defects in DNA<br>MISMATCH REPAIR.",""],["Livedo Reticularis",325,0.0,"D054068","C23.888.885.437",0,"Description: A condition characterized by a reticular or fishnet<br>pattern on the skin of lower extremities and other parts of the<br>body. This red and blue pattern is due to deoxygenated blood in<br>unstable dermal blood vessels. The condition is intensified by<br>cold exposure and relieved by rewarming.",""],["Ventricular Flutter",42,0.0,"D054141","C23.550.073.961",0,"Description: A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia<br>characterized by an extremely rapid, hemodynamically unstable<br>ventricular tachycardia (150-300 beats/min) with a large<br>oscillating sine-wave appearance. If untreated, ventricular<br>flutter typically progresses to VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION.",""],["Systolic Murmurs",193,0.0,"D054160","C23.888.447.500",0,"Description: Heart murmurs which are systolic in timing. They<br>occur between the first and the second HEART SOUNDS, between the<br>closure of MITRAL VALVE and TRICUSPID VALVE and the closure of<br>semilunar aortic and pulmonary valves. Systolic murmurs include<br>ejection murmurs and regurgitant murmurs.",""],["No-Reflow Phenomenon",687,0.0,"D054318","C23.550.513.677",0,"Description: Markedly reduced or absent REPERFUSION in an infarct<br>zone following the removal of an obstruction or constriction of<br>an artery.",""],["Orthostatic Intolerance",344,0.0,"D054971","C23.888.592.610",0,"Description: Symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion or autonomic<br>overaction which develop while the subject is standing, but are<br>relieved on recumbency. Types of this include NEUROCARDIOGENIC<br>SYNCOPE; POSTURAL ORTHOSTATIC TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME; and<br>neurogenic ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION. (From Noseworthy, JH.,<br>Neurological Therapeutics Principles and Practice, 2007,<br>p2575-2576)",""],["Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy",546,0.0,"D054989","C23.550.355.550",0,"Description: A chronic, acquired, idiopathic, progressive<br>eruption of the skin that occurs in the context of RENAL FAILURE.<br>It is sometimes accompanied by systemic fibrosis. The<br>pathogenesis seems to be multifactorial, with postulated<br>involvement of circulating fibrocytes. There is a strong<br>association between this disorder and the use of gadolinium-based<br>contrast agents.",""],["Failed Back Surgery Syndrome",408,0.0,"D055111","C23.550.767.225",0,"Description: A condition of persistent pain and discomfort in the<br>BACK and the LEG following lumbar surgery, often seen in patients<br>enrolled in pain centers.",""],["Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia",143,0.0,"D055191","C23.550.767.137",0,"Description: Abnormally slow pace of regaining CONSCIOUSNESS<br>after general anesthesia (ANESTHESIA, GENERAL) usually given<br>during surgical procedures. This condition is characterized by<br>persistent somnolence.",""],["Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss",405,0.0,"D055954","C23.550.767.093",0,"Description: Loss of CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM usually following<br>intraocular surgery (e.g., cataract surgery) or due to FUCHS'<br>ENDOTHELIAL DYSTROPHY; ANGLE-CLOSURE GLAUCOMA; IRITIS; or aging.",""],["Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss",405,0.0,"D055954","C23.888.307.250",0,"Description: Loss of CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM usually following<br>intraocular surgery (e.g., cataract surgery) or due to FUCHS'<br>ENDOTHELIAL DYSTROPHY; ANGLE-CLOSURE GLAUCOMA; IRITIS; or aging.",""],["Susac Syndrome",301,0.0,"D055955","C23.888.307.750",0,"Description: A rare disorder consisting of microangiopathy of<br>brain, retina, and inner ear ARTERIOLES. It is characterized by<br>the clinical triad of encephalopathy, BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY<br>OCCLUSION and VERTIGO/hearing loss.",""],["Susac Syndrome",301,0.0,"D055955","C23.888.592.848",0,"Description: A rare disorder consisting of microangiopathy of<br>brain, retina, and inner ear ARTERIOLES. It is characterized by<br>the clinical triad of encephalopathy, BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY<br>OCCLUSION and VERTIGO/hearing loss.",""],["Slit Ventricle Syndrome",29,0.0,"D056124","C23.550.767.884",0,"Description: An intermittent and self-limiting headache disorder<br>in individuals with CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SHUNTS emplaced for the<br>treatment of HYDROCEPHALUS. The symptoms of headache, vomiting,<br>and cranial neuropathies are associated with intermittent<br>obstruction of the shunt.",""],["Peritoneal Fibrosis",759,0.0,"D056627","C23.550.355.625",0,"Description: Disorder characterized by a wide range of structural<br>changes in PERITONEUM, resulting from fibrogenic or inflammatory<br>processes. Peritoneal fibrosis is a common complication in<br>patients receiving PERITONEAL DIALYSIS and contributes to its<br>gradual decrease in efficiency.",""],["Yellow Nail Syndrome",146,0.0,"D056684","C23.300.820.500",0,"Description: A rare condition characterized by the presence of<br>yellow nails, LYMPHEDEMA, and/or PLEURAL EFFUSION with<br>respiratory tract involvement. Abnormal lymphatic network may<br>play a role in its etiology. Occasionally inherited, yellow nail<br>syndrome mostly is sporadic without apparent family history.",""],["Vasoplegia",255,0.0,"D056987","C23.550.767.962",0,"Description: Condition of low SYSTEMIC VASCULAR RESISTANCE that<br>develops secondary to other conditions such as ANAPHYLAXIS;<br>SEPSIS; SURGICAL SHOCK; and SEPTIC SHOCK. Vasoplegia that<br>develops during or post surgery (e.g., CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS) is<br>called postoperative vasoplegic syndrome or vasoplegic syndrome.",""],["Brief, Resolved, Unexplained Event",61,0.0,"D057768","C23.888.248.500",0,"Description: An event experienced by an infant or a child that is<br>characterized by some combination of apnea, color change, change<br>in muscle tone, choking, and gagging.",""],["Brief, Resolved, Unexplained Event",61,0.0,"D057768","C23.888.852.700",0,"Description: An event experienced by an infant or a child that is<br>characterized by some combination of apnea, color change, change<br>in muscle tone, choking, and gagging.",""],["Anastomotic Leak",3010,0.0,"D057868","C23.550.767.071",0,"Description: Breakdown of the connection and subsequent leakage<br>of effluent (fluids, secretions, air) from a SURGICAL ANASTOMOSIS<br>of the digestive, respiratory, genitourinary, and cardiovascular<br>systems. Most common leakages are from the breakdown of suture<br>lines in gastrointestinal or bowel anastomosis.",""],["Striae Distensae",296,0.0,"D057896","C23.888.885.800",0,"Description: Linear dermal scars accompanied by epidermal atrophy<br>that affects skin that is subjected to continuous stretching.<br>They usually do not cause any significant medical problems, only<br>cosmetic problems.",""],["Neglected Diseases",1795,0.0,"D058069","C23.550.291.890",0,"Description: Diseases that are underfunded and have low name<br>recognition but are major burdens in less developed countries.<br>The World Health Organization has designated six tropical<br>infectious diseases as being neglected in industrialized<br>countries that are endemic in many developing countries<br>(HELMINTHIASIS; LEPROSY; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; ONCHOCERCIASIS;<br>SCHISTOSOMIASIS; and TRACHOMA).",""],["Asymptomatic Diseases",2866,0.0,"D058070","C23.550.291.187",1,"Description: Diseases that do not exhibit symptoms.",""],["Loose Anagen Hair Syndrome",43,0.0,"D058247","C23.300.035.500",0,"Description: Benign childhood alopecia that improves<br>spontaneously with aging. It is characterized by anagen hairs<br>(misshapen hair bulbs and absent inner and outer root sheaths),<br>thin, and sparse hairs that pulls out easily.",""],["Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma",134,0.0,"D058252","C23.550.382.984",0,"Description: A cutaneous necrobiotic disorder characterized by<br>firm, yellow plaques or nodules, often in a periorbital<br>distribution. It is often accompanied by an elevated ERYTHROCYTE<br>SEDIMENTATION RATE; LEUKOPENIA; and MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY (IgG-<br>kappa type) and systemic involvement.",""],["Eye Pain",458,0.0,"D058447","C23.888.307.625",0,"Description: A dull or sharp painful sensation associated with<br>the outer or inner structures of the eyeball, having different<br>causes.",""],["Necrolytic Migratory Erythema",77,0.0,"D058568","C23.888.885.468",0,"Description: Recurrent cutaneous manifestation of GLUCAGONOMA<br>characterized by necrolytic polycyclic migratory lesions with<br>scaling borders. It is associated with elevated secretion of<br>GLUCAGON by the tumor. Other conditions with elevated serum<br>glucagon levels such as HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS may also result in<br>similar skin lesions, which are referred to as pseudoglucagonoma<br>syndrome.",""],["Coronary-Subclavian Steal Syndrome",83,0.0,"D058686","C23.550.767.115",0,"Description: A complication of INTERNAL MAMMARY-CORONARY ARTERY<br>ANASTOMOSIS whereby an occlusion or stenosis of the proximal<br>SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY causes a reversal of the blood flow away from<br>the CORONARY CIRCULATION, through the grafted INTERNAL MAMMARY<br>ARTERY (internal thoracic artery), and back to the distal<br>subclavian distribution.",""],["Exsanguination",283,0.0,"D058734","C23.550.414.734",0,"Description: Rapid and extreme blood loss leading to HEMORRHAGIC<br>SHOCK.",""],["Intraoperative Awareness",277,0.0,"D058926","C23.550.505.400",0,"Description: Occurence of a patient becoming conscious during a<br>procedure performed under GENERAL ANESTHESIA and subsequently<br>having recall of these events. (From Anesthesiology 2006, 104(4):<br>847-64.)",""],["Tachypnea",252,0.0,"D059246","C23.888.852.944",1,"Description: Increased RESPIRATORY RATE.",""],["Polydipsia, Psychogenic",79,0.0,"D059607","C23.550.759.500",0,"Description: A clinical disorder characterized by excessive fluid<br>intake (polydipsia); HYPONATREMIA; and POLYURIA in SCHIZOPHRENIA<br>and other psychiatric disorders. Impaired water metabolism in<br>psychogenic polydipsia can result in WATER INTOXICATION.",""],["Polydipsia, Psychogenic",79,0.0,"D059607","C23.888.663.500",0,"Description: A clinical disorder characterized by excessive fluid<br>intake (polydipsia); HYPONATREMIA; and POLYURIA in SCHIZOPHRENIA<br>and other psychiatric disorders. Impaired water metabolism in<br>psychogenic polydipsia can result in WATER INTOXICATION.",""],["Disease Resistance",5884,0.0,"D060467","C23.550.291.671",0,"Description: The capacity of an organism to defend itself against<br>pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This<br>most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds<br>to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is<br>used most frequently when referring to plants.",""],["Uterine Retroversion",87,0.0,"D060725","C23.300.970.750",0,"Description: A condition in which the UTERUS is found tilted<br>backward toward the spine. The uterus is more commonly found in a<br>straight vertical or anteverted (tipped forward) position.<br>Although retroverted uterus is a normal variant position without<br>symptoms, it is sometimes associated with pain, discomfort and<br>other pregnancy complications.",""],["Bone Anteversion",337,0.0,"D060750","C23.300.970.249",1,"Description: Malalignment of a bone in which its head and neck is<br>rotated excessively forward or inward.",""],["Bone Retroversion",142,0.0,"D060751","C23.300.970.374",1,"Description: Attachment of a bone in which its head and neck is<br>rotated excessively backward.",""],["Parental Death",894,0.0,"D063129","C23.550.260.730",1,"Description: The death of the father or mother or another person<br>in this role.",""],["Respiratory Aspiration of Gastric Contents",76,0.0,"D063466","C23.550.773.500",0,"Description: Inhaling refluxed gastric or duodenal contents.",""],["Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix",591,0.0,"D065310","C23.149.688.500",0,"Description: A cytological test finding often from PAP SMEARS<br>that shows abnormal lesions of SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS of the<br>CERVIX. It is a diagnostic criterion used in the Bethesda System<br>for UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS and represents the PAP TEST result<br>that is abnormal. Although squamous intraepithelial lesions test<br>result does not mean UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS it requires<br>follow-ups (e.g., HPV DNA TESTS; and COLPOSCOPY).",""],["Perinatal Death",1254,0.0,"D066087","C23.550.260.865",0,"Description: The death of a FETUS of GESTATIONAL AGE 28 weeks or<br>more, or the death of a live-born INFANT less than 28 days of<br>age.",""],["Neurologic Manifestations",1038295,4.3,"D009461","C23.888.592",248,"Description: Clinical signs and symptoms caused by nervous system<br>injury or dysfunction.",""],["Signs and Symptoms, Digestive",117049,0.5,"D012817","C23.888.821",28,"Description: Digestive system manifestations of diseases of the<br>gastrointestinal system or of other organs.",""],["Inflammation",250713,1.0,"D007249","C23.550.470",28,"Description: A pathological process characterized by injury or<br>destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and<br>chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of<br>pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.",""],["Acantholysis",627,0.0,"D000051","C23.550.035",0,"Description: Separation of the prickle cells of the stratum<br>spinosum of the epidermis, resulting in atrophy of the prickle<br>cell layer. It is seen in diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris<br>(see PEMPHIGUS) and DARIER DISEASE.",""],["Disease Attributes",608471,2.5,"D020969","C23.550.291",80,"Description: Clinical characteristics of disease or illness.",""],["Body Weight",292039,1.2,"D001835","C23.888.144",20,"Description: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual.<br>It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.",""],["Fatigue",20041,0.1,"D005221","C23.888.369",3,"Description: The state of weariness following a period of<br>exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased<br>capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.",""],["Hernia",79585,0.3,"D006547","C23.300.707",18,"Description: Protrusion of tissue, structure, or part of an organ<br>through the bone, muscular tissue, or the membrane by which it is<br>normally contained. Hernia may involve tissues such as the<br>ABDOMINAL WALL or the respiratory DIAPHRAGM. Hernias may be<br>internal, external, congenital, or acquired.",""],["Postoperative Complications",347088,1.4,"D011183","C23.550.767",34,"Description: Pathologic processes that affect patients after a<br>surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease<br>for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct<br>results of the surgery.",""],["Long Term Adverse Effects",1102,0.0,"D000069451","C23.550.543",0,"Description: Persistent detrimental effects from treatment for a<br>condition. Included are effects from surgery such as<br>POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS, and from DRUG THERAPY, such as<br>CHEMICALLY INDUCED DISORDERS, or other THERAPEUTICS. Failure to<br>attain a desired outcome from treatment for the condition is not<br>considered an adverse effect.",""],["Calculi",54908,0.2,"D002137","C23.300.175",10,"Description: An abnormal concretion occurring mostly in the<br>urinary and biliary tracts, usually composed of mineral salts.<br>Also called stones.",""],["Death",84310,0.3,"D003643","C23.550.260",23,"Description: Irreversible cessation of all bodily functions,<br>manifested by absence of spontaneous breathing and total loss of<br>cardiovascular and cerebral functions.",""],["Skin Manifestations",62745,0.3,"D012877","C23.888.885",22,"Description: Dermatologic disorders attendant upon non-<br>dermatologic disease or injury.",""],["Medically Unexplained Symptoms",572,0.0,"D000071896","C23.888.541",0,"Description: Persistent health symptoms which remain unexplained<br>after a complete medical evaluation. A cluster of symptoms that<br>consistently appear together but without a known cause are<br>referred to as a MEDICALLY UNEXPLAINED SYNDROME (MUS).",""],["Ischemia",235280,1.0,"D007511","C23.550.513",23,"Description: A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or<br>tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its<br>BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.",""],["Necrosis",226178,0.9,"D009336","C23.550.717",28,"Description: The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to<br>disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.",""],["Margins of Excision",1135,0.0,"D000072662","C23.149.625",0,"Description: The edges of tissue removed in a surgery for<br>assessment of the effectiveness of a surgical procedure in<br>achieving the local control of a neoplasm and the adequacy of<br>tumor removal. When the margin is negative or not involved by<br>tumor (e.g., CANCER) it suggests all of the tumor has been<br>removed by the surgery.",""],["Spontaneous Perforation",96,0.0,"D000072663","C23.300.940",0,"Description: A pathological hole in an organ, blood vessel or<br>other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external<br>force.",""],["Tertiary Lymphoid Structures",226,0.0,"D000072717","C23.300.955",0,"Description: Aggregates of immune cells formed near the sites of<br>chronically inflamed, infected, or tumorous tissues.",""],["Chromosome Aberrations",108260,0.4,"D002869","C23.550.210",27,"Description: Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes.<br>Chromosome aberrations may result in CHROMOSOME DISORDERS.",""],["Microvascular Rarefaction",49,0.0,"D000073436","C23.300.818",0,"Description: The reduction in density of the MICROVASCULATURE.",""],["Frailty",6296,0.0,"D000073496","C23.550.359",0,"Description: A state of increased vulnerability to stressors,<br>following declines in function and reserves across multiple<br>physiologic systems, characterized by MUSCLE WEAKNESS; FATIGUE;<br>slowed motor performance; low physical activity; and<br>unintentional weight loss.",""],["Arrhythmias, Cardiac",226454,0.9,"D001145","C23.550.073",34,"Description: Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of<br>the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be<br>classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of<br>electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.",""],["Hemorrhage",284786,1.2,"D006470","C23.550.414",58,"Description: Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.",""],["Neoplastic Processes",178838,0.7,"D009385","C23.550.727",20,"Description: The pathological mechanisms and forms taken by<br>tissue during degeneration into a neoplasm and its subsequent<br>activity.",""],["Solitary Kidney",183,0.0,"D000075529","C23.300.925",0,"Description: Either a single or a single functioning kidney due<br>to NEPHRECTOMY, birth defects or other kidney diseases.",""],["Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials",2345,0.0,"D005119","C23.550.340",1,"Description: The escape of diagnostic or therapeutic material<br>from the vessel into which it is introduced into the surrounding<br>tissue or body cavity.",""],["Travel-Related Illness",890,0.0,"D000076082","C23.888.914",1,"Description: Health problems associated with TRAVEL.",""],["Sleepiness",320,0.0,"D000077260","C23.888.900",0,"Description: Compelling urge to sleep.",""],["Urological Manifestations",65154,0.3,"D020924","C23.888.942",16,"Description: Clinical disturbances of the urinary system.",""],["Shock",67350,0.3,"D012769","C23.550.835",8,"Description: A pathological condition manifested by failure to<br>perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.",""],["Ototoxicity",201,0.0,"D000081015","C23.550.753",0,"Description: Damage to the EAR or its function secondary to<br>exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Toxic Optic Neuropathy",20,0.0,"D000081028","C23.550.877",0,"Description: Damage to the eye or its function (e.g., VISUAL<br>IMPAIRMENT) due to OPTIC NERVE damage secondary to toxic<br>substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or<br>RADIATION.",""],["Myotoxicity",40,0.0,"D000081030","C23.550.706",0,"Description: Damage to the muscle or its function secondary to<br>toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions",762,0.0,"D000081483","C23.149.688",1,"Description: A cytological test finding that shows abnormal<br>lesions of SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL cells.",""],["Cerebral Cortical Thinning",30,0.0,"D000082643","C23.300.220",0,"Description: Decrease in CEREBRAL CORTICAL THICKNESS.",""],["Torsion Abnormality",5723,0.0,"D014102","C23.300.970",7,"Description: An abnormal twisting or rotation of a bodily part or<br>member on its axis.",""],["Body Temperature Changes",37570,0.2,"D001832","C23.888.119",5,"Description: Significant alterations in temperature of the human<br>body, above or below 98.6 degrees F. or 37 degrees C. when taken<br>orally.",""],["Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory",119821,0.5,"D012818","C23.888.852",26,"Description: Respiratory system manifestations of diseases of the<br>respiratory tract or of other organs.",""],["Fibrosis",124053,0.5,"D005355","C23.550.355",13,"Description: Any pathological condition where fibrous connective<br>tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of<br>inflammation or other injury.",""],["Body Odor",4,0.0,"D000089083","C23.888.104",0,"Description: Strong or unusual odor related to the body.<br>Occasional abnormal body odor may be a temporary effect of a<br>metabolic change.",""],["Alopecia",9205,0.0,"D000505","C23.300.035",1,"Description: Absence of hair from areas where it is normally<br>present.",""],["Menstruation Disturbances",21328,0.1,"D008599","C23.550.568",6,"Description: Variations of MENSTRUATION which may be indicative<br>of disease.",""],["Fistula",83594,0.3,"D005402","C23.300.575",27,"Description: Abnormal communication most commonly seen between<br>two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface<br>of the body.",""],["Ascites",11370,0.0,"D001201","C23.550.081",0,"Description: Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the<br>peritoneal cavity.",""],["Asthenia",829,0.0,"D001247","C23.888.089",0,"Description: Clinical sign or symptom manifested as debility, or<br>lack or loss of strength and energy.",""],["Atrophy",19950,0.1,"D001284","C23.300.070",2,"Description: Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or<br>multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological<br>conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia,<br>malnutrition, or hormonal changes.",""],["Blister",3331,0.0,"D001768","C23.300.122",0,"Description: Visible accumulations of fluid within or beneath the<br>epidermis.",""],["Cardiac Output, Low",4124,0.0,"D002303","C23.888.192",0,"Description: A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at<br>rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR<br>DISEASES, including congenital, valvular, rheumatic,<br>hypertensive, coronary, and cardiomyopathic. The serious form of<br>low cardiac output is characterized by marked reduction in STROKE<br>VOLUME, and systemic vasoconstriction resulting in cold, pale,<br>and sometimes cyanotic extremities.",""],["Choristoma",8086,0.0,"D002828","C23.300.250",0,"Description: A mass of histologically normal tissue present in an<br>abnormal location.",""],["Genomic Instability",8373,0.0,"D042822","C23.550.362",3,"Description: An increased tendency of the GENOME to acquire<br>MUTATIONS when various processes involved in maintaining and<br>replicating the genome are dysfunctional.",""],["Polyps",27892,0.1,"D011127","C23.300.825",3,"Description: Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into<br>the lumen of the DIGESTIVE TRACT or the RESPIRATORY TRACT. Polyps<br>can be spheroidal, hemispheroidal, or irregular mound-shaped<br>structures attached to the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the lumen wall<br>either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.",""],["Constriction, Pathologic",2137,0.0,"D003251","C23.300.287",0,"Description: The condition of an anatomical structure's being<br>constricted beyond normal dimensions.",""],["Cyanosis",2311,0.0,"D003490","C23.888.248",1,"Description: A bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and<br>mucous membranes due to an increase in the amount of deoxygenated<br>hemoglobin in the blood or a structural defect in the hemoglobin<br>molecule.",""],["Cysts",33277,0.1,"D003560","C23.300.306",2,"Description: Any fluid-filled closed cavity or sac that is lined<br>by an EPITHELIUM. Cysts can be of normal, abnormal, non-<br>neoplastic, or neoplastic tissues.",""],["Dehydration",7371,0.0,"D003681","C23.550.274",0,"Description: The condition that results from excessive loss of<br>water from a living organism.",""],["Dilatation, Pathologic",560,0.0,"D004108","C23.300.325",0,"Description: The condition of an anatomical structure's being<br>dilated beyond normal dimensions.",""],["Disease",67676,0.3,"D004194","C23.550.288",1,"Description: A definite pathologic process with a characteristic<br>set of signs and symptoms. It may affect the whole body or any of<br>its parts, and its etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be<br>known or unknown.",""],["Diverticulum",18375,0.1,"D004240","C23.300.415",5,"Description: A pouch or sac developed from a tubular or saccular<br>organ, such as the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.",""],["Edema",22423,0.1,"D004487","C23.888.277",2,"Description: Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body<br>cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in<br>SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.",""],["Emphysema",15028,0.1,"D004646","C23.550.325",3,"Description: A pathological accumulation of air in tissues or<br>organs.",""],["Granuloma",28032,0.1,"D006099","C23.550.382",9,"Description: A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion<br>containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious<br>and noninfectious agents.",""],["Eye Manifestations",3786,0.0,"D005132","C23.888.307",4,"Description: Ocular disorders attendant upon non-ocular disease<br>or injury.",""],["Facial Asymmetry",2674,0.0,"D005146","C23.300.505",0,"Description: Congenital or acquired asymmetry of the face.",""],["Failure to Thrive",1448,0.0,"D005183","C23.888.338",0,"Description: A condition of substandard growth or diminished<br>capacity to maintain normal function.",""],["Feminization",478,0.0,"D005262","C23.888.378",0,"Description: Development of female secondary SEX CHARACTERISTICS<br>in the MALE. It is due to the effects of estrogenic metabolites<br>of precursors from endogenous or exogenous sources, such as<br>ADRENAL GLANDS or therapeutic drugs.",""],["Fetal Distress",1802,0.0,"D005316","C23.888.380",0,"Description: A nonreassuring fetal status (NRFS) indicating that<br>the FETUS is compromised (American College of Obstetricians and<br>Gynecologists 1988). It can be identified by sub-optimal values<br>in FETAL HEART RATE; oxygenation of FETAL BLOOD; and other<br>parameters.",""],["Growth Disorders",24699,0.1,"D006130","C23.550.393",1,"Description: Deviations from the average values for a specific<br>age and sex in any or all of the following: height, weight,<br>skeletal proportions, osseous development, or maturation of<br>features. Included here are both acceleration and retardation of<br>growth.",""],["Gliosis",2031,0.0,"D005911","C23.550.369",0,"Description: The production of a dense fibrous network of<br>neuroglia; includes astrocytosis, which is a proliferation of<br>astrocytes in the area of a degenerative lesion.",""],["Hypertrophy",39600,0.2,"D006984","C23.300.775",5,"Description: General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to<br>CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not<br>due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells<br>(HYPERPLASIA).",""],["Heart Murmurs",2465,0.0,"D006337","C23.888.447",1,"Description: Heart sounds caused by vibrations resulting from the<br>flow of blood through the heart. Heart murmurs can be examined by<br>HEART AUSCULTATION, and analyzed by their intensity (6 grades),<br>duration, timing (systolic, diastolic, or continuous), location,<br>transmission, and quality (musical, vibratory, blowing, etc).",""],["Hemolysis",10611,0.0,"D006461","C23.550.403",0,"Description: The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different<br>causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals,<br>temperature, and changes in tonicity.",""],["Oral Manifestations",1962,0.0,"D009912","C23.888.619",1,"Description: Disorders of the mouth attendant upon non-oral<br>disease or injury.",""],["Virilism",4325,0.0,"D014770","C23.888.971",1,"Description: Development of male secondary SEX CHARACTERISTICS in<br>the FEMALE. It is due to the effects of androgenic metabolites of<br>precursors from endogenous or exogenous sources, such as ADRENAL<br>GLANDS or therapeutic drugs.",""],["Hyperbilirubinemia",23049,0.1,"D006932","C23.550.429",5,"Description: A condition characterized by an abnormal increase of<br>BILIRUBIN in the blood, which may result in JAUNDICE. Bilirubin,<br>a breakdown product of HEME, is normally excreted in the BILE or<br>further catabolized before excretion in the urine.",""],["Hypergammaglobulinemia",2367,0.0,"D006942","C23.888.512",0,"Description: An excess of GAMMA-GLOBULINS in the serum due to<br>chronic infections or PARAPROTEINEMIAS.",""],["Hyperplasia",4262,0.0,"D006965","C23.550.444",0,"Description: An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or<br>organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which<br>is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of<br>cells.",""],["Intermittent Claudication",5592,0.0,"D007383","C23.888.531",0,"Description: A symptom complex characterized by pain and weakness<br>in SKELETAL MUSCLE group associated with exercise, such as leg<br>pain and weakness brought on by walking. Such muscle limpness<br>disappears after a brief rest and is often relates to arterial<br>STENOSIS; muscle ISCHEMIA; and accumulation of LACTATE.",""],["Intraoperative Complications",28923,0.1,"D007431","C23.550.505",3,"Description: Complications that affect patients during surgery.<br>They may or may not be associated with the disease for which the<br>surgery is done, or within the same surgical procedure.",""],["Leg Length Inequality",2202,0.0,"D007870","C23.300.808",0,"Description: A condition in which one of a pair of legs fails to<br>grow as long as the other, which could result from injury or<br>surgery.",""],["Leukocytosis",2876,0.0,"D007964","C23.550.526",0,"Description: A transient increase in the number of leukocytes in<br>a body fluid.",""],["Leukoplakia",3537,0.0,"D007971","C23.300.816",2,"Description: A white patch lesion found on a MUCOUS MEMBRANE that<br>cannot be scraped off. Leukoplakia is generally considered a<br>precancerous condition, however its appearance may also result<br>from a variety of HEREDITARY DISEASES.",""],["Malacoplakia",1018,0.0,"D008287","C23.550.548",0,"Description: The formation of soft patches on the mucous membrane<br>of a hollow organ, such as the urogenital tract or digestive<br>tract.",""],["Metaplasia",38458,0.2,"D008679","C23.550.589",4,"Description: A condition in which there is a change of one adult<br>cell type to another similar adult cell type.",""],["Motion Sickness",2364,0.0,"D009041","C23.888.571",1,"Description: Disorder caused by motion. It includes sea sickness,<br>train sickness, roller coaster rides, rocking chair, hammock<br>swing, car sickness, air sickness, or SPACE MOTION SICKNESS.<br>Symptoms include nausea, vomiting and/or dizziness.",""],["Nails, Malformed",1694,0.0,"D009264","C23.300.820",1,"Description: Deformities in nail structure or appearance,<br>including hypertrophy, splitting, clubbing, furrowing, etc.<br>Genetic diseases such as PACHYONYCHIA CONGENITA can result in<br>malformed nails.",""],["Nerve Degeneration",13293,0.1,"D009410","C23.550.737",3,"Description: Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration<br>of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the<br>destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their<br>continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of<br>neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve<br>degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical<br>localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural<br>pathways.",""],["Ochronosis",779,0.0,"D009794","C23.550.744",0,"Description: The yellowish discoloration of connective tissue due<br>to deposition of HOMOGENTISIC ACID (a brown-black pigment). This<br>is due to defects in the metabolism of PHENYLALANINE and<br>TYROSINE. Ochronosis occurs in ALKAPTONURIA, but has also been<br>associated with exposure to certain chemicals (e.g., PHENOL,<br>trinitrophenol, BENZENE DERIVATIVES).",""],["Ossification, Heterotopic",8386,0.0,"D009999","C23.550.751",1,"Description: The development of bony substance in normally soft<br>structures.",""],["Pigmentation Disorders",6845,0.0,"D010859","C23.550.755",0,"Description: Diseases affecting PIGMENTATION, including SKIN<br>PIGMENTATION.",""],["Prolapse",12778,0.1,"D011391","C23.300.842",5,"Description: The protrusion of an organ or part of an organ into<br>a natural or artificial orifice.",""],["Retropneumoperitoneum",503,0.0,"D012188","C23.550.794",0,"Description: Pathological or accidental introduction of air into<br>the retroperitoneal space.",""],["Rupture, Spontaneous",826,0.0,"D012422","C23.300.909",0,"Description: Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part<br>of the body, occurring in the absence of external force.",""],["Sclerosis",2163,0.0,"D012598","C23.550.823",0,"Description: A pathological process consisting of hardening or<br>fibrosis of an anatomical structure, often a vessel or a nerve.",""],["Ulcer",9500,0.0,"D014456","C23.550.891",0,"Description: A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous<br>surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic<br>tissue.",""],["Cardiac Output, High",149,0.0,"D016534","C23.888.176",0,"Description: A state of elevated cardiac output due to conditions<br>of either increased hemodynamic demand or reduced cardiac oxygen<br>output. These conditions may include ANEMIA; ARTERIOVENOUS<br>FISTULA; THYROTOXICOSIS; PREGNANCY; EXERCISE; FEVER; and HYPOXIA.<br>In time, compensatory changes of the heart can lead to<br>pathological form of high cardiac output and eventual HEART<br>FAILURE.",""],["Yin Deficiency",240,0.0,"D016710","C23.550.972",0,"Description: In the YIN-YANG system of philosophy and medicine,<br>an insufficiency of body fluid (called yinxu), manifesting often<br>as irritability, thirst, constipation, etc. (The Pinyin Chinese-<br>English Dictionary, 1979).",""],["Yang Deficiency",301,0.0,"D016711","C23.550.945",0,"Description: In the YIN-YANG system of philosophy and medicine, a<br>lack of vital energy (called yangxu in Chinese). It manifests<br>itself in various systemic and organic diseases. (The Pinyin<br>Chinese-English Dictionary, 1979)",""],["Myocardial Stunning",1975,0.0,"D017682","C23.888.582",0,"Description: Prolonged dysfunction of the myocardium after a<br>brief episode of severe ischemia, with gradual return of<br>contractile activity.",""],["Muscle Weakness",5090,0.0,"D018908","C23.550.695",0,"Description: A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or<br>exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The<br>weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often<br>progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and<br>neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook<br>of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251)",""],["Hot Flashes",2394,0.0,"D019584","C23.888.475",0,"Description: A sudden, temporary sensation of heat predominantly<br>experienced by some women during MENOPAUSE. (Random House<br>Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)",""],["Aging, Premature",1028,0.0,"D019588","C23.888.069",0,"Description: Changes in the organism associated with senescence,<br>occurring at an accelerated rate.",""],["Pseudophakia",1644,0.0,"D019591","C23.888.681",0,"Description: Presence of an intraocular lens after cataract<br>extraction.",""],["Ventricular Remodeling",8300,0.0,"D020257","C23.300.985",0,"Description: The geometric and structural changes that the HEART<br>VENTRICLES undergo, usually following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. It<br>comprises expansion of the infarct and dilatation of the healthy<br>ventricle segments. While most prevalent in the left ventricle,<br>it can also occur in the right ventricle.",""],["Lithiasis",2234,0.0,"D020347","C23.550.537",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the formation of<br>CALCULI and concretions in the hollow organs or ducts of the<br>body. They occur most often in the gallbladder, kidney, and lower<br>urinary tract.",""],["Hypovolemia",1149,0.0,"D020896","C23.550.455",0,"Description: An abnormally low volume of blood circulating<br>through the body. It may result in hypovolemic shock (see SHOCK).",""],["Hyperammonemia",1649,0.0,"D022124","C23.550.421",0,"Description: Elevated level of AMMONIA in the blood. It is a sign<br>of defective CATABOLISM of AMINO ACIDS or ammonia to UREA.",""],["Chills",113,0.0,"D023341","C23.888.208",0,"Description: The sudden sensation of being cold. It may be<br>accompanied by SHIVERING.",""],["Hyperuricemia",4051,0.0,"D033461","C23.550.449",0,"Description: Excessive URIC ACID or urate in blood as defined by<br>its solubility in plasma at 37 degrees C; greater than 0.42mmol<br>per liter (7.0mg/dL) in men or 0.36mmol per liter (6.0mg/dL) in<br>women. This condition is caused by overproduction of uric acid or<br>impaired renal clearance. Hyperuricemia can be acquired, drug-<br>induced or genetically determined (LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME). It is<br>associated with HYPERTENSION and GOUT.",""],["Hyperamylasemia",192,0.0,"D034321","C23.550.425",0,"Description: A condition with abnormally elevated level of<br>AMYLASES in the serum. Hyperamylasemia due to PANCREATITIS or<br>other causes may be differentiated by identifying the amylase<br>isoenzymes.",""],["Reticulocytosis",68,0.0,"D045262","C23.888.760",0,"Description: An increase in circulating RETICULOCYTES, which is<br>among the simplest and most reliable signs of accelerated<br>ERYTHROCYTE production. Reticulocytosis occurs during active<br>BLOOD regeneration (stimulation of red bone marrow) and in<br>certain types of ANEMIA, particularly CONGENITAL HEMOLYTIC<br>ANEMIA.",""],["Leukoaraiosis",696,0.0,"D049292","C23.550.522",0,"Description: Non-specific white matter changes in the BRAIN,<br>often seen after age 65. Changes include loss of AXONS; MYELIN<br>pallor, GLIOSIS, loss of ependymal cells, and enlarged<br>perivascular spaces. Leukoaraiosis is a risk factor for DEMENTIA<br>and CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.",""],["Granulomatosis, Orofacial",167,0.0,"D051261","C23.550.384",0,"Description: A condition characterized by persistent or recurrent<br>labial enlargement, ORAL ULCER, and other orofacial<br>manifestations in the absence of identifiable CROHN DISEASE; or<br>SARCOIDOSIS. Among experts there is disagreement on whether<br>orofacial granulomatosis is a distinct clinical disorder or an<br>initial presentation of Crohn disease.",""],["Mobility Limitation",2480,0.0,"D051346","C23.888.550",0,"Description: Difficulty in walking from place to place.",""],["Delayed Graft Function",952,0.0,"D051799","C23.550.277",0,"Description: General dysfunction of an organ occurring<br>immediately following its transplantation. The term most<br>frequently refers to renal dysfunction following KIDNEY<br>TRANSPLANTATION.",""],["Azotemia",317,0.0,"D053099","C23.550.145",0,"Description: A biochemical abnormality referring to an elevation<br>of BLOOD UREA NITROGEN and CREATININE. Azotemia can be produced<br>by KIDNEY DISEASES or other extrarenal disorders. When azotemia<br>becomes associated with a constellation of clinical signs, it is<br>termed UREMIA.",""],["Respiratory Aspiration",1207,0.0,"D053120","C23.550.773",1,"Description: Inhaling liquid or solids, such as stomach contents,<br>into the RESPIRATORY TRACT. When this causes severe lung damage,<br>it is called ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA.",""],["Channelopathies",768,0.0,"D053447","C23.550.177",0,"Description: A variety of neuromuscular conditions resulting from<br>MUTATIONS in ION CHANNELS manifesting as episodes of EPILEPSY;<br>HEADACHE DISORDERS; and DYSKINESIAS.",""],["Airway Remodeling",1167,0.0,"D056151","C23.300.017",0,"Description: The structural changes in the number, mass, size<br>and/or composition of the airway tissues.",""],["Renal Colic",627,0.0,"D056844","C23.888.721",0,"Description: A severe intermittent and spasmodic pain in the<br>lower back radiating to the groin, scrotum, and labia which is<br>most commonly caused by a kidney stone (RENAL CALCULUS) passing<br>through the URETER or by other urinary track blockage. It is<br>often associated with nausea, vomiting, fever, restlessness, dull<br>pain, frequent urination, and HEMATURIA.",""],["Femoracetabular Impingement",2388,0.0,"D057925","C23.550.347",0,"Description: A pathological mechanical process that can lead to<br>hip failure. It is caused by abnormalities of the ACETABULUM<br>and/or FEMUR combined with rigorous hip motion, leading to<br>repetitive collisions that damage the soft tissue structures.",""],["Plaque, Amyloid",2850,0.0,"D058225","C23.300.821",0,"Description: Accumulations of extracellularly deposited AMYLOID<br>FIBRILS within tissues.",""],["Plaque, Atherosclerotic",9269,0.0,"D058226","C23.300.823",0,"Description: Lesions formed within the walls of ARTERIES.",""],["Neointima",1384,0.0,"D058426","C23.550.722",0,"Description: The new and thickened layer of scar tissue that<br>forms on a PROSTHESIS, or as a result of vessel injury especially<br>following ANGIOPLASTY or stent placement.",""],["Accessory Atrioventricular Bundle",578,0.0,"D058606","C23.300.190",0,"Description: Extra impulse-conducting tissue in the heart that<br>creates abnormal impulse-conducting connections between HEART<br>ATRIA and HEART VENTRICLES.",""],["Polydipsia",245,0.0,"D059606","C23.550.759",1,"Description: Excessive thirst manifested by excessive fluid<br>intake. It is characteristic of many diseases such as DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS; and NEPHROGENIC DIABETES INSIPIDUS.<br>The condition may be psychogenic in origin.",""],["Polydipsia",245,0.0,"D059606","C23.888.663",1,"Description: Excessive thirst manifested by excessive fluid<br>intake. It is characteristic of many diseases such as DIABETES<br>MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS; and NEPHROGENIC DIABETES INSIPIDUS.<br>The condition may be psychogenic in origin.",""],["Agenesis of Corpus Callosum",1685,0.0,"D061085","C23.300.008",0,"Description: Birth defect that results in a partial or complete<br>absence of the CORPUS CALLOSUM. It may be isolated or a part of a<br>syndrome (e.g., AICARDI'S SYNDROME; ACROCALLOSAL SYNDROME;<br>ANDERMANN SYNDROME; and HOLOPROSENCEPHALY). Clinical<br>manifestations include neuromotor skill impairment and<br>INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY of variable severity.",""],["Prodromal Symptoms",1131,0.0,"D062706","C23.888.672",0,"Description: Clinical or physiological indicators that precede<br>the onset of disease.",""],["Hypertriglyceridemic Waist",89,0.0,"D064250","C23.888.521",0,"Description: A screening phenotype consisting of both elevated<br>WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE and elevated fasting TRIGLYCERIDES level.",""],["Atrial Remodeling",845,0.0,"D064752","C23.300.052",0,"Description: Long-term changes in the electrophysiological<br>parameters and/or anatomical structures of the HEART ATRIA that<br>result from prolonged changes in atrial rate, often associated<br>with ATRIAL FIBRILLATION or long periods of intense EXERCISE.",""],["Atrial Remodeling",845,0.0,"D064752","C23.550.113",0,"Description: Long-term changes in the electrophysiological<br>parameters and/or anatomical structures of the HEART ATRIA that<br>result from prolonged changes in atrial rate, often associated<br>with ATRIAL FIBRILLATION or long periods of intense EXERCISE.",""],["Teratogenesis",302,0.0,"D064793","C23.550.863",0,"Description: The formation of CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES.",""],["Dysbiosis",3185,0.0,"D064806","C23.550.308",0,"Description: Changes in quantitative and qualitative composition<br>of MICROBIOTA. The changes may lead to altered host microbial<br>interaction or homeostatic imbalance that can contribute to a<br>disease state often with inflammation.",""],["Atypical Squamous Cells of the Cervix",237,0.0,"D065309","C23.149.500",0,"Description: Morphological abnormalities of the cervical<br>EPITHELIUM, usually revealed in PAP SMEAR, which do not meet the<br>criteria for squamous CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA or<br>SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS of the CERVIX . It may be a sign of<br>infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).or<br>sign of a benign (not cancer) growth, such as a cyst or polyp or,<br>in menopausal women, of low hormone levels. More testing, such as<br>HPV test, may be needed.",""],["Adenocarcinoma in Situ",213,0.0,"D065311","C23.149.249",0,"Description: A lesion with cytological characteristics associated<br>with invasive adenocarcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to<br>the GLANDULAR EPITHELIAL CELLS of origin. Adenocarcinoma in situ<br>of the CERVIX and the LUNG are the most common.",""],["Hyperlactatemia",194,0.0,"D065906","C23.888.516",0,"Description: Increase in blood LACTATE concentration often<br>associated with SEPTIC SHOCK; LUNG INJURY; SEPSIS; and DRUG<br>TOXICITY. When hyperlactatemia is associated with low body pH<br>(acidosis) it is LACTIC ACIDOSIS.",""],["Cardiotoxicity",1826,0.0,"D066126","C23.550.161",0,"Description: Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to<br>exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Vascular Remodeling",1878,0.0,"D066253","C23.300.977",0,"Description: The active alterations of vascular wall structures,<br>often leading to elevated VASCULAR RESISTANCE. It is associated<br>with AGING; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; HYPERTENSION;<br>PREGNANCY; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; and STROKE, but is also a<br>normal part of EMBRYOGENESIS.",""],["Vascular Remodeling",1878,0.0,"D066253","C23.550.918",0,"Description: The active alterations of vascular wall structures,<br>often leading to elevated VASCULAR RESISTANCE. It is associated<br>with AGING; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; HYPERTENSION;<br>PREGNANCY; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; and STROKE, but is also a<br>normal part of EMBRYOGENESIS.",""],["Protein Aggregation, Pathological",1507,0.0,"D066263","C23.550.770",0,"Description: A biochemical phenomenon in which misfolded proteins<br>aggregate either intra- or extracellularly. Triggered by factors<br>such as MUTATION; POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, and<br>environmental stress, it is generally associated with ALZHEIMER<br>DISEASE; PARKINSON DISEASE; HUNTINGTON DISEASE; and TYPE 2<br>DIABETES MELLITUS.",""],["Signs and Symptoms",1823045,7.5,"D012816","C23.888",420,"Description: Clinical manifestations that can be either objective<br>when observed by a physician, or subjective when perceived by the<br>patient.",""],["Pathologic Processes",3121559,12.8,"D010335","C23.550",483,"Description: The abnormal mechanisms and forms involved in the<br>dysfunctions of tissues and organs.",""],["Pathological Conditions, Anatomical",437091,1.8,"D020763","C23.300",121,"Description: An abnormal structural condition of the human body,<br>usually macroscopic, that is common to a variety of different<br>diseases.",""],["Morphological and Microscopic Findings",2347,0.0,"D065308","C23.149",5,"Description: Morphological findings useful in differentiation and<br>classification of results in CYTODIAGNOSIS and related<br>techniques.",""],["Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms",5384042,22.1,"D013568","C23",1033,"Description: Abnormal anatomical or physiological conditions and<br>objective or subjective manifestations of disease, not classified<br>as disease or syndrome.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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Intracranial","Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial","Hematoma, Subdural, Spinal","Neuralgia, Postherpetic","Urinary Incontinence, Urge","Failed Back Surgery Syndrome","Sarcopenia","Piriformis Muscle Syndrome","Piriformis Muscle Syndrome","Slit Ventricle Syndrome","Obesity, Abdominal","Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction","Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction","Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction","Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction","Visceral Pain","Pelvic Girdle Pain","Pelvic Girdle Pain","Stroke, Lacunar","Stroke, Lacunar","Ophthalmoplegic Migraine","Pudendal Neuralgia","Alice in Wonderland Syndrome","Alice in Wonderland Syndrome","Bland White Garland Syndrome","Pediatric Obesity","Myalgia","Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital","Karoshi Death","Allesthesia","Abdominal Pain","Abdomen, Acute","Abscess","Symptom Flare Up","Obesity","Compassion Fatigue","Kidney Calculi","Metatarsalgia","Neuralgia","Brain Damage, Chronic","Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced","Alert Fatigue, Health Personnel","Multiple Chronic Conditions","Sepsis","Confusion","Myocardial Infarction","Myocardial Infarction","Cancer Pain","Pain, Procedural","Interatrial Block","Cerebral Hemorrhage","Perceptual Disorders","Clinical Deterioration","Memory Disorders","Communicable Diseases, Imported","Urinary Bladder, Underactive","Cross Infection","Post-Lyme Disease Syndrome","Body-Weight Trajectory","Weight Gain","Opioid-Induced Constipation","Extranodal Extension","Chronic Urticaria","Quadriplegia","Cytokine Release Syndrome","Cytokine Release Syndrome","Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive","Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy","Communication Disorders","Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome","Hepatic Infarction","Hepatic Infarction","Pancreatitis, Chronic","Paraduodenal Hernia","Cell Transformation, Neoplastic","Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome","Reinfection","Olfaction Disorders","Blood-Borne Infections","Mania","Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia","Erythema Ab Igne","Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures","Weight Loss","Adams-Stokes Syndrome","Tissue Adhesions","Taste Disorders","Albuminuria","Vision Disorders","Chest Pain","Aphonia","Psychomotor Disorders","Arterio-Arterial Fistula","Arteriovenous Fistula","Ataxia","Athetosis","Postmortem Changes","Back Pain","Biliary Fistula","Urinary Bladder Calculi","Urinary Bladder Fistula","Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive","Bronchial Fistula","Bulimia","Bundle-Branch Block","Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous","Catalepsy","Catatonia","Cellulitis","Hypoxia, Brain","Brain Infarction","Brain Infarction","Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea","Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea","Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea","Chorea","Choroid Hemorrhage","Monosomy","Chromosome Fragility","Chromosome Fragility","Cocarcinogenesis","Colonic Polyps","Consciousness Disorders","Seizures, Febrile","Hearing Disorders","Dental Fistula","Diarrhea, Infantile","Dizziness","Dumping Syndrome","Pelvic Pain","Dyspnea, Paroxysmal","Dystonia","Earache","Empyema","Esophageal Fistula","Facial Pain","Facial Paralysis","Fasciculation","Femur Head Necrosis","Fetal Hypoxia","Fetal Macrosomia","Fetal Resorption","Fever of Unknown Origin","Gastric Fistula","Gingival Hemorrhage","Glossalgia","Granuloma, Laryngeal","Granulomatous Disease, Chronic","Headache","Hematemesis","Hematemesis","Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial","Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial","Hematoma, Subdural","Hematoma, Subdural","Hemiplegia","Hemoglobinuria","Hemopneumothorax","Postpartum Hemorrhage","Hepatitis, Chronic","Hernia, Diaphragmatic","Hernia, Femoral","Hernia, Inguinal","Hernia, Ventral","Hoarseness","Miosis","Somatosensory Disorders","Morning Sickness","Hyperkinesis","Hyphema","Intestinal Fistula","Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic","Jaundice, Neonatal","Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External","Ophthalmoplegia","Keloid","Renal Insufficiency, Chronic","Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic","Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary","Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental","Lymphatic Metastasis","Melena","Menorrhagia","Intellectual Disability","Metrorrhagia","Muscle Cramp","Muscle Hypertonia","Muscle Hypotonia","Muscular Atrophy","Myoclonus","Myotonia","Neoplastic Cells, Circulating","Neoplasm Seeding","Neoplasms, Unknown Primary","Oroantral Fistula","Pain, Intractable","Pain, Postoperative","Pancreatic Fistula","Paraplegia","Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage","Phantom Limb","Philadelphia Chromosome","Psychomotor Agitation","Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic","Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic","IgA Vasculitis","IgA Vasculitis","Purpura, Thrombocytopenic","Purpura, Thrombocytopenic","Rectal Prolapse","Rectovaginal Fistula","Remission, Spontaneous","Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder","Respiratory Paralysis","Retinal Hemorrhage","Salivary Duct Calculi","Salivary Gland Fistula","Sexually Transmitted Diseases","Shock, Septic","Sick Sinus Syndrome","Sick Sinus Syndrome","Sinoatrial Block","Sleep Deprivation","Snoring","Spasm","Splenic Infarction","Splenic Infarction","Status Epilepticus","Subarachnoid Hemorrhage","Sudden Infant Death","Sudden Infant Death","Tachycardia, Reciprocating","Tachycardia, Supraventricular","Tachycardia, Paroxysmal","Tetany","Tinea Pedis","Tremor","Trisomy","Trisomy","Ureteral Calculi","Urinary Incontinence","Uterine Prolapse","Vesicovaginal Fistula","Visceral Prolapse","Vitreous Hemorrhage","Vocal Cord Paralysis","Vomiting, Anticipatory","Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome","Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome","XYY Karyotype","XYY Karyotype","Myocardial Reperfusion Injury","Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell","Leukemia, Neutrophilic, Chronic","Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic","Salivary Gland Calculi","Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic","Tonic Pupil","Retinal Neovascularization","Anisocoria","Tachycardia, Ventricular","Corneal Neovascularization","Zenker Diverticulum","Death, Sudden, Cardiac","Leukemic Infiltration","Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular","Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular","Cicatrix, Hypertrophic","Leukoplakia, Hairy","Hypokinesia","Gastroparesis","Sweating Sickness","Arthralgia","Ventricular Premature Complexes","Atrial Premature Complexes","Muscle Weakness","Neck Pain","alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency","Genetic Predisposition to Disease","Gastroschisis","Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic","Gait Ataxia","Gait Apraxia","Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting","Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting","Choroidal Neovascularization","Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures","Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating","Tics","Paraparesis","Myokymia","Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive","Pseudobulbar Palsy","Flank Pain","Communicable Diseases, Emerging","Uniparental Disomy","Romano-Ward Syndrome","Wasting Disease, Chronic","Jaundice, Obstructive","Jaundice, Obstructive","Synkinesis","Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal","Labor Pain","Andersen Syndrome","Stillbirth","Cystocele","Nocturia","Dysuria","Urinary Bladder, Overactive","Prostatism","Pain, Referred","Lethargy","Pulmonary Infarction","Pulmonary Infarction","Sinus Arrest, Cardiac","Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative","Atrioventricular Block","Primary Graft Dysfunction","Chronic Periodontitis","Dysphonia","Purpura Fulminans","Purpura Fulminans","Sarcopenia","Corpse Dismemberment","Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic","Renal Colic","Endoleak","Endoleak","Triploidy","Tetraploidy","Implant Capsular Contracture","Implant Capsular Contracture","Asymptomatic Infections","Eye Pain","Tetrasomy","Tetrasomy","Nociceptive Pain","Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn","Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw","Chronic Pain","Musculoskeletal Pain","Mastodynia","Breakthrough Pain","Anhedonia","Acute Pain","Coxa Vara","Coxa Valga","Neoplasm Micrometastasis","Maternal Death","Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder","Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo","Pain","Abdominal Pain","Suppuration","Recurrence","Overweight","Late Onset Disorders","Mental Fatigue","Incisional Hernia","Incisional Hernia","Urinary Calculi","Chronic Disease","Dyskinesias","Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome","Emergence Delirium","Neurobehavioral Manifestations","Body Remains","Cellulite","Bilateral Vestibulopathy","Breast Cancer Lymphedema","Infarction","Infarction","Chromothripsis","Noncommunicable Diseases","Food Intolerance","Heart Block","Intracranial Hemorrhages","Oncogene Addiction","Injection Site Reaction","Disease Progression","Communicable Diseases","Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms","Iatrogenic Disease","Body Weight Changes","Constipation","Postoperative Cognitive Complications","Neoplasm Metastasis","Paralysis","Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome","Death, Sudden","Undiagnosed Diseases","Reperfusion Injury","Internal Hernia","Cerebral Cortical Thinning","Carcinogenesis","Ovarian Torsion","Hyperthermia","Sensation Disorders","Rhinorrhea","Radiation Fibrosis Syndrome","Persistent Infection","Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia","Erythema","Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions","Neuroinflammatory Diseases","Thromboinflammation","Seizures","Acute Disease","Acute-Phase Reaction","Cicatrix","Aerophagy","Afferent Loop Syndrome","Proteinuria","Amenorrhea","Anaplasia","Aneuploidy","Anorexia","Hypoxia","Voice Disorders","Apnea","Arrhythmia, Sinus","Vascular Fistula","Asphyxia","Atrial Fibrillation","Atrial Flutter","Cadaver","Digestive System Fistula","Birth Weight","Urinary Fistula","Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic","Bradycardia","Brain Death","Respiratory Tract Fistula","Hyperphagia","Catastrophic Illness","Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak","Cheyne-Stokes Respiration","Eye Hemorrhage","Chromosomal Instability","Chromosomal Instability","Intestinal Polyps","Convalescence","Cough","Decerebrate State","Dental Calculus","Oral Fistula","Dental Pulp Necrosis","Diarrhea","Disease Susceptibility","Diseases in Twins","Diverticulum, Colon","Drowning","Postgastrectomy Syndromes","Dysmenorrhea","Dyspepsia","Dyspnea","Ecchymosis","Ecchymosis","Edema, Cardiac","Emergencies","Encephalocele","Encopresis","Eosinophilic Granuloma","Epistaxis","Epistaxis","Eructation","Diverticulum, Esophageal","Cardiac Complexes, Premature","Eye Hemorrhage","Neuromuscular Manifestations","Fat Necrosis","Osteonecrosis","Fetal Death","Fetal Growth Retardation","Fever","Flatulence","Flushing","Foreign-Body Reaction","Gagging","Gangrene","Oral Hemorrhage","Graft Occlusion, Vascular","Granuloma, Giant Cell","Granuloma, Respiratory Tract","Granuloma, Plasma Cell","Halitosis","Cardiomegaly","Heartburn","Hemarthrosis","Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage","Vomiting","Hematocele","Hematoma","Hematuria","Hemobilia","Hemoperitoneum","Hemothorax","Hemoptysis","Hemoptysis","Oral Hemorrhage","Uterine Hemorrhage","Hepatomegaly","Hernia, Abdominal","Hernia, Obturator","Hiccup","Hirsutism","Hoarseness","Pupil Disorders","Hypercapnia","Hyperventilation","Hypothermia","Hypoventilation","Intervertebral Disc Displacement","Chromosome Inversion","Jaundice","Jaundice","Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal","Kernicterus","Leukoplakia, Oral","Liver Cirrhosis","Long QT Syndrome","Malignant Hyperthermia","Malignant Hyperthermia","Meckel Diverticulum","Mediastinal Emphysema","Meningism","Meningocele","Menorrhagia","Mouth Breathing","Multiple Organ Failure","Muscular Atrophy","Nasal Polyps","Nausea","Neoplasm Invasiveness","Neoplasm Recurrence, Local","Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous","Neovascularization, Pathologic","Nondisjunction, Genetic","Oligomenorrhea","Oliguria","Pain, Postoperative","Pallor","Paresis","Parovarian Cyst","Translocation, Genetic","Pica","Polyploidy","Polyuria","Postpericardiotomy Syndrome","Premenstrual Syndrome","Prosthesis Failure","Pruritus","Psychophysiologic Disorders","Pulmonary Fibrosis","Purpura","Purpura","Pelvic Organ Prolapse","Vaginal Fistula","Reflex, Abnormal","Respiratory Sounds","Retrograde Degeneration","Retroperitoneal Fibrosis","Ring Chromosomes","Salivary Calculi","Serositis","Sex Chromosome Aberrations","Shock, Cardiogenic","Shock, Hemorrhagic","Shock, Hemorrhagic","Shock, Surgical","Shock, Surgical","Shock, Traumatic","Short Bowel Syndrome","Sleep Wake Disorders","Sneezing","Spermatocele","Splenomegaly","Diverticulum, Stomach","Subcutaneous Emphysema","Infant Death","Surgical Wound Dehiscence","Surgical Wound Infection","Syndrome","Tachycardia","Thinness","Chromosome Duplication","Ventricular Fibrillation","Vertigo","Wallerian Degeneration","Abnormal Karyotype","Hydrops Fetalis","Granuloma, Foreign-Body","Blood Loss, Surgical","Blood Loss, Surgical","Prosthesis-Related Infections","Granuloma Annulare","Critical Illness","Hypocapnia","Postcholecystectomy Syndrome","Parasystole","Cutaneous Fistula","Granuloma, Pyogenic","Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament","Neoplasm, Residual","Isochromosomes","Space Motion Sickness","Hyperoxia","Facies","Cafe-au-Lait Spots","Postoperative Hemorrhage","Postoperative Hemorrhage","Retrobulbar Hemorrhage","Chromosome 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Malformed","Nerve Degeneration","Ochronosis","Ossification, Heterotopic","Pigmentation Disorders","Prolapse","Retropneumoperitoneum","Rupture, Spontaneous","Sclerosis","Ulcer","Cardiac Output, High","Yin Deficiency","Yang Deficiency","Myocardial Stunning","Muscle Weakness","Hot Flashes","Aging, Premature","Pseudophakia","Ventricular Remodeling","Lithiasis","Hypovolemia","Hyperammonemia","Chills","Hyperuricemia","Hyperamylasemia","Reticulocytosis","Leukoaraiosis","Granulomatosis, Orofacial","Mobility Limitation","Delayed Graft Function","Azotemia","Respiratory Aspiration","Channelopathies","Airway Remodeling","Renal Colic","Femoracetabular Impingement","Plaque, Amyloid","Plaque, Atherosclerotic","Neointima","Accessory Atrioventricular Bundle","Polydipsia","Polydipsia","Agenesis of Corpus Callosum","Prodromal Symptoms","Hypertriglyceridemic Waist","Atrial Remodeling","Atrial Remodeling","Teratogenesis","Dysbiosis","Atypical Squamous Cells of the Cervix","Adenocarcinoma in 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A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of<br>dust that contains both CARBON and crystalline SILICON DIOXIDE.<br>These foreign matters induce fibrous nodule formation in the<br>lung.",""],["Silicotuberculosis",664,0.3,"D012830","C24.800.834.752",0,"Description: Pulmonary or extrapulmonary infection caused by<br>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or nontuberculous mycobacteria in a<br>patient with silicosis.",""],["Silicosis",7145,3.4,"D012829","C24.800.834",2,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis resulting from inhalation<br>of dust containing crystalline form of SILICON DIOXIDE, usually<br>in the form of quartz. Amorphous silica is relatively nontoxic.",""],["Asbestosis",3524,1.7,"D001195","C24.800.127",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of<br>asbestos fibers which elicit potent inflammatory responses in the<br>parenchyma of the lung. The disease is characterized by<br>interstitial fibrosis of the lung, varying from scattered sites<br>to extensive scarring of the alveolar interstitium.",""],["Berylliosis",765,0.4,"D001607","C24.800.225",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhaled rare<br>metal BERYLLIUM or its soluble salts which are used in a wide<br>variety of industry including alloys, ceramics, radiographic<br>equipment, and vacuum tubes. Berylliosis is characterized by an<br>acute inflammatory reaction in the upper airway leading to<br>BRONCHIOLITIS; PULMONARY EDEMA; and pneumonia.",""],["Burnout, Professional",12834,6.1,"D002055","C24.580.500",0,"Description: An excessive stress reaction to one's occupational<br>or professional environment. It may be characterized by feelings<br>of emotional and physical exhaustion, coupled with a sense of<br>frustration and failure.",""],["Byssinosis",458,0.2,"D002095","C24.800.323",0,"Description: A condition of BRONCHOCONSTRICTION resulting from<br>hypersensitive reaction to inhaled dust during the initial<br>processing of cotton, flax, or hemp in the textile industry.<br>Symptoms include wheezing and tightness in the chest.",""],["Caplan Syndrome",147,0.1,"D002205","C24.800.340",0,"Description: A condition characterized by the presence of<br>RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS associated with a specific form of<br>pneumoconiosis, often in coal miners and asbestos workers.",""],["Farmer's Lung",909,0.4,"D005203","C24.080.365",0,"Description: A form of alveolitis or pneumonitis due to an<br>acquired hypersensitivity to inhaled antigens associated with<br>farm environment. Antigens in the farm dust are commonly from<br>bacteria actinomycetes (SACCHAROPOLYSPORA and THERMOACTINOMYCES),<br>fungi, and animal proteins in the soil, straw, crops, pelts,<br>serum, and excreta.",""],["Siderosis",1280,0.6,"D012806","C24.800.773",0,"Description: A form of pneumoconiosis resulting from inhalation<br>of iron in the mining dust or welding fumes.",""],["Silo Filler's Disease",49,0.0,"D012832","C24.080.752",0,"Description: A form of alveolitis or PNEUMONITIS caused by<br>hypersensitivity to high level of inhaled nitrogen oxides,<br>decomposition products of silage.",""],["Occupational Stress",15307,7.3,"D000073397","C24.580",1,"Description: Adverse psychological and behavioral reactions<br>caused by the pressures and demands of employers or clients or<br>other factors, such as the physical environment of the workplace,<br>WORKPLACE VIOLENCE; or WORKPLACE BULLYING.",""],["Agricultural Workers' Diseases",5682,2.7,"D000382","C24.080",2,"Description: Diseases in persons engaged in cultivating and<br>tilling soil, growing plants, harvesting crops, raising<br>livestock, or otherwise engaged in husbandry and farming. The<br>diseases are not restricted to farmers in the sense of those who<br>perform conventional farm chores: the heading applies also to<br>those engaged in the individual activities named above, as in<br>those only gathering harvest or in those only dusting crops.",""],["Pneumoconiosis",19139,9.1,"D011009","C24.800",8,"Description: A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by<br>inhalation of dust and by tissue reaction to their presence.<br>These inorganic, organic, particulate, or vaporized matters<br>usually are inhaled by workers in their occupational environment,<br>leading to the various forms (ASBESTOSIS; BYSSINOSIS; and<br>others). Similar air pollution can also have deleterious effects<br>on the general population.",""],["Bird Fancier's Lung",490,0.2,"D001716","C24.125",0,"Description: A form of alveolitis or pneumonitis due to an<br>acquired hypersensitivity to inhaled avian antigens, usually<br>proteins in the dust of bird feathers and droppings.",""],["High Pressure Neurological Syndrome",114,0.1,"D006610","C24.410",0,"Description: A syndrome related to increased atmospheric pressure<br>and characterized by tremors, nausea, dizziness, decreased motor<br>and mental performance, and SEIZURES. This condition may occur in<br>those who dive deeply (c. 1000 ft) usually while breathing a<br>mixture of oxygen and helium. The condition is associated with a<br>neuroexcitatory effect of helium.",""],["Inert Gas Narcosis",191,0.1,"D007222","C24.426",0,"Description: Progressive mental disturbances and unconsciousness<br>due to breathing mixtures of oxygen and inert gases (argon,<br>helium, xenon, krypton, and atmospheric nitrogen) at high<br>pressure.",""],["Laboratory Infection",866,0.4,"D007757","C24.506",0,"Description: Accidentally acquired infection in laboratory<br>workers.",""],["Dermatitis, Occupational",7516,3.6,"D009783","C24.270",0,"Description: A recurrent contact dermatitis caused by substances<br>found in the work place.",""],["Persian Gulf Syndrome",893,0.4,"D018923","C24.653",0,"Description: Unexplained symptoms reported by veterans of the<br>Persian Gulf War with Iraq in 1991. The symptoms reported include<br>fatigue, skin rash, muscle and joint pain, headaches, loss of<br>memory, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal and respiratory<br>symptoms, and extreme sensitivity to commonly occurring<br>chemicals. (Nature 1994 May 5;369(6475):8)",""],["Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm",1851,0.9,"D020178","C24.900",0,"Description: Dyssomnias associated with disruption of the normal<br>24 hour sleep wake cycle secondary to travel (e.g., JET LAG<br>SYNDROME), shift work, or other causes.",""],["Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome",276,0.1,"D053421","C24.400",0,"Description: An occupational disorder resulting from prolonged<br>exposure to vibration, affecting the fingers, hands, and<br>forearms. It occurs in workers who regularly use vibrating tools<br>such as jackhammers, power chain saws, riveters, etc. Symptoms<br>include episodic finger blanching, NUMBNESS, tingling, and loss<br>of nerve sensitivity.",""],["Asthma, Occupational",692,0.3,"D059366","C24.102",0,"Description: Asthma attacks caused, triggered, or exacerbated by<br>OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE.",""],["Occupational Diseases",128713,61.3,"D009784","C24",23,"Description: Diseases caused by factors involved in one's<br>employment.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: %{customdata[5]}<br>--<br>%{customdata[6]}%{customdata[7]}<extra></extra>","ids":["C24.800.834.201","C24.800.834.752","C24.800.834","C24.800.127","C24.800.225","C24.580.500","C24.800.323","C24.800.340","C24.080.365","C24.800.773","C24.080.752","C24.580","C24.080","C24.800","C24.125","C24.410","C24.426","C24.506","C24.270","C24.653","C24.900","C24.400","C24.102","C24"],"labels":["Anthracosilicosis","Silicotuberculosis","Silicosis","Asbestosis","Berylliosis","Burnout, Professional","Byssinosis","Caplan Syndrome","Farmer's Lung","Siderosis","Silo Filler's Disease","Occupational Stress","Agricultural Workers' Diseases","Pneumoconiosis","Bird Fancier's Lung","High Pressure Neurological Syndrome","Inert Gas Narcosis","Laboratory Infection","Dermatitis, Occupational","Persian Gulf Syndrome","Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm","Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome","Asthma, Occupational","Occupational Diseases"],"marker":{"colors":["#FCFBFC","#FAFAFA","#CAC8CF","#E4E4E7","#F9F9F9","#9F9DA9","#FBFBFC","#FEFEFE","#F8F8F9","#F5F5F6","#FEFEFE","#8D8B98","#D4D4D9","#716E7F","#FBFBFB","#FEFEFE","#FDFDFD","#F8F8F9","#C7C6CC","#F8F8F9","#F1F1F2","#FDFDFD","#F9F9FA","#C33D35"],"colorscale":[[0.0,"rgb(103,0,31)"],[0.1,"rgb(178,24,43)"],[0.2,"rgb(214,96,77)"],[0.3,"rgb(244,165,130)"],[0.4,"rgb(253,219,199)"],[0.5,"rgb(247,247,247)"],[0.6,"rgb(209,229,240)"],[0.7,"rgb(146,197,222)"],[0.8,"rgb(67,147,195)"],[0.9,"rgb(33,102,172)"],[1.0,"rgb(5,48,97)"]],"line":{"color":"rgba(0,0,0,0.25)","width":1.0}},"parents":["C24.800.834","C24.800.834","C24.800","C24.800","C24.800","C24.580","C24.800","C24.800","C24.080","C24.800","C24.080","C24","C24","C24","C24","C24","C24","C24","C24","C24","C24","C24","C24",""],"values":[411,664,6070,3524,765,12834,458,147,909,1280,49,2473,4724,5820,490,114,191,866,7516,893,1851,276,692,75696],"visible":"legendonly","type":"sunburst"},{"branchvalues":"remainder","customdata":[["Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome",11,0.0,"D000076042","C25.775.100.087.193.100.250",0,"Description: A neurological disorder characterized by<br>inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. It<br>is caused by THIAMINE DEFICIENCY due to chronic ALCOHOLISM.",""],["Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome",11,0.0,"D000076042","C25.723.705.150.100.250",0,"Description: A neurological disorder characterized by<br>inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. It<br>is caused by THIAMINE DEFICIENCY due to chronic ALCOHOLISM.",""],["Alcohol Amnestic Disorder",710,0.0,"D000425","C25.775.100.087.193.100",1,"Description: A mental disorder associated with chronic ethanol<br>abuse (ALCOHOLISM) and nutritional deficiencies characterized by<br>short term memory loss, confabulations, and disturbances of<br>attention. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)",""],["Acrodynia",367,0.0,"D000170","C25.723.522.875.500.100",0,"Description: A condition seen primarily in childhood, most often<br>resulting from chronic exposure to MERCURY COMPOUNDS which may<br>result in encephalopathy and POLYNEUROPATHY. Clinical features<br>include pain, swelling and pinkish discoloration of the fingers<br>and toes, weakness in the extremities, extreme irritability,<br>HYPERESTHESIA, and alterations in level of consciousness. (From<br>Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p603)",""],["Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium",1418,0.1,"D000430","C25.775.100.087.193.200",0,"Description: An acute organic mental disorder induced by<br>cessation or reduction in chronic alcohol consumption. Clinical<br>characteristics include CONFUSION; DELUSIONS; vivid<br>HALLUCINATIONS; TREMOR; agitation; insomnia; and signs of<br>autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., elevated blood pressure and heart<br>rate, dilated pupils, and diaphoresis). This condition may<br>occasionally be fatal. It was formerly called delirium tremens.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1175)",""],["Fatty Liver, Alcoholic",1068,0.1,"D005235","C25.775.100.087.645.390",0,"Description: Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells<br>that is due to ALCOHOL ABUSE. The fatty changes in the alcoholic<br>fatty liver may be reversible, depending on the amounts of<br>TRIGLYCERIDES accumulated.",""],["Hepatitis, Alcoholic",2002,0.1,"D006519","C25.775.100.087.645.490",0,"Description: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER due to ALCOHOL ABUSE. It<br>is characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES, infiltration by<br>NEUTROPHILS, and deposit of MALLORY BODIES. Depending on its<br>severity, the inflammatory lesion may be reversible or progress<br>to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic",4442,0.3,"D008104","C25.775.100.087.645.550",0,"Description: FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic<br>excess ALCOHOL DRINKING.",""],["Tick Paralysis",256,0.0,"D013985","C25.723.127.789.500.707",0,"Description: Paralysis caused by a neurotropic toxin secreted by<br>the salivary glands of ticks.",""],["Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Childhood",200,0.0,"D020264","C25.723.522.750.500.700",0,"Description: Neurologic disorders occurring in children following<br>lead exposure. The most frequent manifestation of childhood lead<br>toxicity is an encephalopathy associated with chronic ingestion<br>of lead that usually presents between the ages of 1 and 3 years.<br>Clinical manifestations include behavioral changes followed by<br>lethargy; CONVULSIONS; HALLUCINATIONS; DELIRIUM; ATAXIA; and<br>vomiting. Elevated intracranial pressure (HYPERTENSION,<br>INTRACRANIAL) and CEREBRAL EDEMA may occur. (From Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1210-2)",""],["Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Adult",86,0.0,"D020265","C25.723.522.750.500.400",0,"Description: Neurologic conditions in adults associated with<br>acute or chronic exposure to lead or any of its salts. The most<br>common lead related neurologic syndrome in adults consists of a<br>polyneuropathy involving motor fibers. This tends to affect<br>distal nerves and may present as wrist drop due to RADIAL<br>NEUROPATHY. Additional features of chronic lead exposure include<br>ANEMIA; CONSTIPATION; colicky abdominal pain; a bluish lead line<br>of the gums; interstitial nephritis (NEPHRITIS, INTERSTITIAL);<br>and saturnine gout. An encephalopathy may rarely occur. (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1212)",""],["Alcoholic Neuropathy",111,0.0,"D020269","C25.775.100.087.193.400",0,"Description: A condition where damage to the peripheral nervous<br>system (including the peripheral elements of the autonomic<br>nervous system) is associated with chronic ingestion of alcoholic<br>beverages. The disorder may be caused by a direct effect of<br>alcohol, an associated nutritional deficiency, or a combination<br>of factors. Clinical manifestations include variable degrees of<br>weakness; ATROPHY; PARESTHESIAS; pain; loss of reflexes; sensory<br>loss; diaphoresis; and postural hypotension. (From Arch Neurol<br>1995;52(1):45-51; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1146)",""],["Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures",231,0.0,"D020270","C25.775.100.087.193.300",0,"Description: A condition where seizures occur in association with<br>ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) without other identifiable causes.<br>Seizures usually occur within the first 6-48 hours after the<br>cessation of alcohol intake, but may occur during periods of<br>alcohol intoxication. Single generalized tonic-clonic motor<br>seizures are the most common subtype, however, STATUS EPILEPTICUS<br>may occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1174)",""],["Opium Dependence",54,0.0,"D000074607","C25.775.643.500.800",0,"Description: Strong physiological and emotional dependence on<br>OPIUM.",""],["Alcohol Amnestic Disorder",710,0.0,"D000425","C25.723.705.150.100",1,"Description: A mental disorder associated with chronic ethanol<br>abuse (ALCOHOLISM) and nutritional deficiencies characterized by<br>short term memory loss, confabulations, and disturbances of<br>attention. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)",""],["Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System",2893,0.2,"D020268","C25.775.100.087.193",5,"Description: Acute and chronic neurologic disorders associated<br>with the various neurologic effects of ETHANOL. Primary sites of<br>injury include the brain and peripheral nerves.",""],["Opiate Overdose",315,0.0,"D000083682","C25.775.643.500.700",0,"Description: Accidental or deliberate use of an OPIOID in excess<br>of normal dosage. It includes overdose for prescription and<br>illicit opioids.",""],["Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System",779,0.0,"D020262","C25.723.522.875.500",1,"Description: Neurologic disorders associated with exposure to<br>inorganic and organic forms of MERCURY. Acute intoxication may be<br>associated with gastrointestinal disturbances, mental status<br>changes, and PARAPARESIS. Chronic exposure to inorganic mercury<br>usually occurs in industrial workers, and manifests as mental<br>confusion, prominent behavioral changes (including psychosis),<br>DYSKINESIAS, and NEURITIS. Alkyl mercury poisoning may occur<br>through ingestion of contaminated seafood or grain, and its<br>characteristic features include POLYNEUROPATHY; ATAXIA; vision<br>loss; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; and DEAFNESS. (From Joynt, Clinical<br>Neurology, 1997, Ch20, pp10-15)",""],["Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium",1418,0.1,"D000430","C25.723.705.150.200",0,"Description: An acute organic mental disorder induced by<br>cessation or reduction in chronic alcohol consumption. Clinical<br>characteristics include CONFUSION; DELUSIONS; vivid<br>HALLUCINATIONS; TREMOR; agitation; insomnia; and signs of<br>autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., elevated blood pressure and heart<br>rate, dilated pupils, and diaphoresis). This condition may<br>occasionally be fatal. It was formerly called delirium tremens.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1175)",""],["Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic",671,0.0,"D002310","C25.775.100.087.250",0,"Description: Disease of CARDIAC MUSCLE resulting from chronic<br>excessive alcohol consumption. Myocardial damage can be caused<br>by: (1) a toxic effect of alcohol; (2) malnutrition in alcoholics<br>such as THIAMINE DEFICIENCY; or (3) toxic effect of additives in<br>alcoholic beverages such as COBALT. This disease is usually<br>manifested by DYSPNEA and palpitations with CARDIOMEGALY and<br>congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).",""],["Erythema Nodosum",2554,0.1,"D004893","C25.100.468.380.375",0,"Description: An erythematous eruption commonly associated with<br>drug reactions or infection and characterized by inflammatory<br>nodules that are usually tender, multiple, and bilateral. These<br>nodules are located predominantly on the shins with less common<br>occurrence on the thighs and forearms. They undergo<br>characteristic color changes ending in temporary bruise-like<br>areas. This condition usually subsides in 3-6 weeks without<br>scarring or atrophy.",""],["Liver Diseases, Alcoholic",12410,0.7,"D008108","C25.775.100.087.645",3,"Description: Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It<br>usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities,<br>i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC<br>CIRRHOSIS.",""],["Heroin Dependence",7254,0.4,"D006556","C25.775.643.500.400",0,"Description: Strong dependence or addiction, both physiological<br>and emotional, upon HEROIN.",""],["Morphine Dependence",2637,0.2,"D009021","C25.775.643.500.600",0,"Description: Strong dependence, both physiological and emotional,<br>upon morphine.",""],["Psychoses, Alcoholic",1673,0.1,"D011604","C25.775.100.087.750",0,"Description: A group of mental disorders associated with organic<br>brain damage and caused by poisoning from alcohol.",""],["Serum Sickness",884,0.1,"D012713","C25.100.468.380.800",0,"Description: Immune complex disease caused by the administration<br>of foreign serum or serum proteins and characterized by fever,<br>lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, and urticaria. When they are<br>complexed to protein carriers, some drugs can also cause serum<br>sickness when they act as haptens inducing antibody responses.",""],["Stevens-Johnson Syndrome",5762,0.3,"D013262","C25.100.468.380.900",0,"Description: Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive<br>KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal<br>involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g.,<br>antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA,<br>MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal<br>Necrolysis.",""],["Tick Toxicoses",409,0.0,"D013986","C25.723.127.789.500",1,"Description: Toxicoses caused by toxic substances secreted by the<br>salivary glands of ticks; include tick paralysis (neurotropic<br>toxin), sweating sickness (dermotropic toxin), and Rhipicephalus<br>appendiculatus toxicosis (leukotropic toxin).",""],["Pancreatitis, Alcoholic",847,0.0,"D019512","C25.775.100.087.730",0,"Description: Acute or chronic INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS due to<br>excessive ALCOHOL DRINKING. Alcoholic pancreatitis usually<br>presents as an acute episode but it is a chronic progressive<br>disease in alcoholics.",""],["Lead Poisoning, Nervous System",454,0.0,"D020263","C25.723.522.750.500",2,"Description: Injury to the nervous system secondary to exposure<br>to lead compounds. Two distinct clinical patterns occur in<br>children (LEAD POISONING, NERVOUS SYSTEM, CHILDHOOD) and adults<br>(LEAD POISONING, NERVOUS SYSTEM, ADULT). In children, lead<br>poisoning typically produces an encephalopathy. In adults,<br>exposure to toxic levels of lead is associated with a peripheral<br>neuropathy.",""],["Alcoholic Neuropathy",111,0.0,"D020269","C25.723.705.150.400",0,"Description: A condition where damage to the peripheral nervous<br>system (including the peripheral elements of the autonomic<br>nervous system) is associated with chronic ingestion of alcoholic<br>beverages. The disorder may be caused by a direct effect of<br>alcohol, an associated nutritional deficiency, or a combination<br>of factors. Clinical manifestations include variable degrees of<br>weakness; ATROPHY; PARESTHESIAS; pain; loss of reflexes; sensory<br>loss; diaphoresis; and postural hypotension. (From Arch Neurol<br>1995;52(1):45-51; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>p1146)",""],["Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures",231,0.0,"D020270","C25.723.705.150.300",0,"Description: A condition where seizures occur in association with<br>ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) without other identifiable causes.<br>Seizures usually occur within the first 6-48 hours after the<br>cessation of alcohol intake, but may occur during periods of<br>alcohol intoxication. Single generalized tonic-clonic motor<br>seizures are the most common subtype, however, STATUS EPILEPTICUS<br>may occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1174)",""],["Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis",506,0.0,"D056150","C25.100.468.380.174",0,"Description: Rare skin eruption characterized by acute formation<br>of pustules filled with NEUTROPHILS, fever, and peripheral blood<br>LEUKOCYTOSIS. Most cases are associated with the use of<br>antibiotics (e.g., BETA-LACTAMS).",""],["Hand-Foot Syndrome",292,0.0,"D060831","C25.100.468.380.587",0,"Description: Chemotherapy-induced dermal side effects that are<br>associated with the use of various CYTOSTATIC AGENTS. Symptoms<br>range from mild ERYTHEMA and/or PARESTHESIA to severe ulcerative<br>dermatitis with debilitating pain involving typically<br>palmoplantar and intertriginous areas. These cutaneous<br>manifestations are sometimes accompanied by nail anomalies.",""],["Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders",4028,0.2,"D063647","C25.775.100.087.323",0,"Description: An umbrella term used to describe a pattern of<br>disabilities and abnormalities that result from fetal exposure to<br>ETHANOL during pregnancy. It encompasses a phenotypic range that<br>can vary greatly between individuals, but reliably includes one<br>or more of the following: characteristic facial dysmorphism,<br>FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION, central nervous system abnormalities,<br>cognitive and/or behavioral dysfunction, BIRTH DEFECTS. The level<br>of maternal alcohol consumption does not necessarily correlate<br>directly with disease severity.",""],["Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome",920,0.1,"D063926","C25.100.468.380.262",0,"Description: Severe drug eruption characterized by high fever,<br>erythematous rash and inflammation of internal organ(s).",""],["Nicolau Syndrome",71,0.0,"D065148","C25.100.468.380.693",0,"Description: An uncommon complication of INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION<br>leading to variable degrees of necrosis of skin and underlying<br>tissue.",""],["Opioid-Related Disorders",27922,1.6,"D009293","C25.775.643.500",4,"Description: Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or<br>misuse of OPIOIDS.",""],["Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System",2893,0.2,"D020268","C25.723.705.150",5,"Description: Acute and chronic neurologic disorders associated<br>with the various neurologic effects of ETHANOL. Primary sites of<br>injury include the brain and peripheral nerves.",""],["Alcohol-Induced Disorders",22796,1.3,"D020751","C25.775.100.087",14,"Description: Disorders stemming from the misuse and abuse of<br>alcohol.",""],["Opioid-Induced Constipation",63,0.0,"D000079689","C25.775.643.250",0,"Description: CONSTIPATION associated with the use of OPIOIDS.",""],["Opiate Overdose",315,0.0,"D000083682","C25.775.383.500",0,"Description: Accidental or deliberate use of an OPIOID in excess<br>of normal dosage. It includes overdose for prescription and<br>illicit opioids.",""],["Mercury Poisoning",4248,0.2,"D008630","C25.723.522.875",2,"Description: Poisoning that results from chronic or acute<br>ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of MERCURY<br>or MERCURY COMPOUNDS.",""],["Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium",1418,0.1,"D000430","C25.775.835.250",0,"Description: An acute organic mental disorder induced by<br>cessation or reduction in chronic alcohol consumption. Clinical<br>characteristics include CONFUSION; DELUSIONS; vivid<br>HALLUCINATIONS; TREMOR; agitation; insomnia; and signs of<br>autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., elevated blood pressure and heart<br>rate, dilated pupils, and diaphoresis). This condition may<br>occasionally be fatal. It was formerly called delirium tremens.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1175)",""],["Alcoholic Intoxication",9374,0.5,"D000435","C25.775.100.175",0,"Description: An acute brain syndrome which results from the<br>excessive ingestion of ETHANOL or ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.",""],["Alcoholism",63051,3.7,"D000437","C25.775.100.250",0,"Description: A primary, chronic disease with genetic,<br>psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its<br>development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive<br>and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking,<br>preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite<br>adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably<br>denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic.<br>(Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council<br>on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of<br>Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the<br>Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)",""],["Spider Bites",1382,0.1,"D001098","C25.723.127.723",0,"Description: The effects, both local and systemic, caused by the<br>bites of SPIDERS.",""],["Argyria",460,0.0,"D001129","C25.723.522.313",0,"Description: A permanent ashen-gray discoloration of the skin,<br>conjunctiva, and internal organs resulting from long-continued<br>use of silver salts. (Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Botulism",3071,0.2,"D001906","C25.723.415.151",0,"Description: A disease caused by potent protein NEUROTOXINS<br>produced by CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM which interfere with the<br>presynaptic release of ACETYLCHOLINE at the NEUROMUSCULAR<br>JUNCTION. Clinical features include abdominal pain, vomiting,<br>acute PARALYSIS (including respiratory paralysis), blurred<br>vision, and DIPLOPIA. Botulism may be classified into several<br>subtypes (e.g., food-borne, infant, wound, and others). (From<br>Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1208)",""],["Cadmium Poisoning",1465,0.1,"D002105","C25.723.522.625",0,"Description: Poisoning occurring after exposure to cadmium<br>compounds or fumes. It may cause gastrointestinal syndromes,<br>anemia, or pneumonitis.",""],["Carbon Monoxide Poisoning",5094,0.3,"D002249","C25.723.455.245",0,"Description: Toxic asphyxiation due to the displacement of oxygen<br>from oxyhemoglobin by carbon monoxide.",""],["Drug Eruptions",22176,1.3,"D003875","C25.100.468.380",7,"Description: Adverse cutaneous reactions caused by ingestion,<br>parenteral use, or local application of a drug. These may assume<br>various morphologic patterns and produce various types of<br>lesions.",""],["Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced",5568,0.3,"D004409","C25.723.705.200",0,"Description: Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS;<br>HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of<br>certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck,<br>and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia<br>refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the<br>face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic<br>agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)",""],["Ergotism",448,0.0,"D004881","C25.723.680.262",0,"Description: Poisoning caused by ingesting ergotized grain or by<br>the misdirected or excessive use of ergot as a medicine.",""],["Favism",507,0.0,"D005236","C25.723.415.341",0,"Description: Hemolytic anemia due to the ingestion of fava beans<br>or after inhalation of pollen from the Vicia fava plant by<br>persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient<br>erythrocytes.",""],["Favism",507,0.0,"D005236","C25.723.756.375",0,"Description: Hemolytic anemia due to the ingestion of fava beans<br>or after inhalation of pollen from the Vicia fava plant by<br>persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient<br>erythrocytes.",""],["Inert Gas Narcosis",191,0.0,"D007222","C25.723.455.571",0,"Description: Progressive mental disturbances and unconsciousness<br>due to breathing mixtures of oxygen and inert gases (argon,<br>helium, xenon, krypton, and atmospheric nitrogen) at high<br>pressure.",""],["Insect Bites and Stings",4833,0.3,"D007299","C25.723.127.071",0,"Description: Bites and stings inflicted by insects.",""],["Lathyrism",847,0.0,"D007842","C25.723.756.558",0,"Description: A paralytic condition of the legs caused by<br>ingestion of lathyrogens, especially BETA-AMINOPROPIONITRILE or<br>beta-N-oxalyl amino-L-alanine, which are found in the seeds of<br>plants of the genus LATHYRUS.",""],["Lead Poisoning",10910,0.6,"D007855","C25.723.522.750",3,"Description: Poisoning that results from chronic or acute<br>ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of LEAD or<br>lead compounds.",""],["Mushroom Poisoning",1741,0.1,"D009145","C25.723.415.551",0,"Description: Poisoning from ingestion of mushrooms, primarily<br>from, but not restricted to, toxic varieties.",""],["Mushroom Poisoning",1741,0.1,"D009145","C25.723.680.551",0,"Description: Poisoning from ingestion of mushrooms, primarily<br>from, but not restricted to, toxic varieties.",""],["Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome",2142,0.1,"D009459","C25.723.705.600",0,"Description: A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily<br>with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS)<br>which are in turn associated with dopaminergic receptor blockade<br>(see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) in the BASAL GANGLIA and HYPOTHALAMUS,<br>and sympathetic dysregulation. Clinical features include diffuse<br>MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; high FEVER; diaphoresis; labile blood<br>pressure; cognitive dysfunction; and autonomic disturbances.<br>Serum CPK level elevation and a leukocytosis may also be present.<br>(From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199;<br>Psychiatr Serv 1998 Sep;49(9):1163-72)",""],["Psychoses, Alcoholic",1673,0.1,"D011604","C25.723.809.750",0,"Description: A group of mental disorders associated with organic<br>brain damage and caused by poisoning from alcohol.",""],["Salmonella Food Poisoning",2636,0.2,"D012478","C25.723.415.738",0,"Description: Poisoning caused by ingestion of food harboring<br>species of SALMONELLA. Conditions of raising, shipping,<br>slaughtering, and marketing of domestic animals contribute to the<br>spread of this bacterium in the food supply.",""],["Snake Bites",5213,0.3,"D012909","C25.723.127.442",0,"Description: Bites by snakes. Bite by a venomous snake is<br>characterized by stinging pain at the wound puncture. The venom<br>injected at the site of the bite is capable of producing a<br>deleterious effect on the blood or on the nervous system.<br>(Webster's 3d ed; from Dorland, 27th ed, at snake, venomous)",""],["Staphylococcal Food Poisoning",403,0.0,"D013202","C25.723.415.846",0,"Description: Poisoning by staphylococcal toxins present in<br>contaminated food.",""],["Tick Bites",775,0.0,"D064927","C25.723.127.789",2,"Description: The effects, both local and systemic, caused by the<br>bites of TICKS.",""],["Wernicke Encephalopathy",1647,0.1,"D014899","C25.775.100.625",0,"Description: An acute neurological disorder characterized by the<br>triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and disturbances of mental<br>activity or consciousness. Eye movement abnormalities include<br>nystagmus, external rectus palsies, and reduced conjugate gaze.<br>THIAMINE DEFICIENCY and chronic ALCOHOLISM are associated<br>conditions. Pathologic features include periventricular petechial<br>hemorrhages and neuropil breakdown in the diencephalon and<br>brainstem. Chronic thiamine deficiency may lead to KORSAKOFF<br>SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed,<br>pp1139-42; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed,<br>pp452-3)",""],["Akathisia, Drug-Induced",902,0.1,"D017109","C25.723.705.100",0,"Description: A condition associated with the use of certain<br>medications and characterized by an internal sense of motor<br>restlessness often described as an inability to resist the urge<br>to move.",""],["Milk Sickness",10,0.0,"D018602","C25.723.756.600",0,"Description: An acute, often fatal disease caused by the<br>ingestion of milk, milk products, or the flesh of cattle or sheep<br>which have a disease known as trembles. It is marked by weakness,<br>anorexia, vomiting, constipation, and sometimes muscular tremors.<br>It is caused by poisoning by white snakeroot (Eupatorium rugosum)<br>and the rayless goldenrod (Haplopappus heterophyllus). (From<br>Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Manganese Poisoning",1012,0.1,"D020149","C25.723.522.813",0,"Description: Manganese poisoning is associated with chronic<br>inhalation of manganese particles by individuals who work with<br>manganese ore. Clinical features include CONFUSION;<br>HALLUCINATIONS; and an extrapyramidal syndrome (PARKINSON<br>DISEASE, SECONDARY) that includes rigidity; DYSTONIA;<br>retropulsion; and TREMOR. (Adams, Principles of Neurology, 6th<br>ed, p1213)",""],["MPTP Poisoning",1555,0.1,"D020267","C25.723.705.400",0,"Description: A condition caused by the neurotoxin MPTP which<br>causes selective destruction of nigrostriatal dopaminergic<br>neurons. Clinical features include irreversible parkinsonian<br>signs including rigidity and bradykinesia (PARKINSON DISEASE,<br>SECONDARY). MPTP toxicity is also used as an animal model for the<br>study of PARKINSON DISEASE. (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1072; Neurology 1986 Feb;36(2):250-8)",""],["Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures",231,0.0,"D020270","C25.775.835.500",0,"Description: A condition where seizures occur in association with<br>ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) without other identifiable causes.<br>Seizures usually occur within the first 6-48 hours after the<br>cessation of alcohol intake, but may occur during periods of<br>alcohol intoxication. Single generalized tonic-clonic motor<br>seizures are the most common subtype, however, STATUS EPILEPTICUS<br>may occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1174)",""],["Ciguatera Poisoning",498,0.0,"D036841","C25.723.415.246",0,"Description: Poisoning caused by ingestion of SEAFOOD containing<br>microgram levels of CIGUATOXINS. The poisoning is characterized<br>by gastrointestinal, neurological and cardiovascular<br>disturbances.",""],["Asthma, Aspirin-Induced",486,0.0,"D055963","C25.100.468.189",0,"Description: Asthmatic adverse reaction (e.g.,<br>BRONCHOCONSTRICTION) to conventional NSAIDS including aspirin<br>use.",""],["Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic",443,0.0,"D056487","C25.100.562.200",0,"Description: Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by<br>an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may<br>be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the<br>environment, or an idiosyncratic response.",""],["Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic",443,0.0,"D056487","C25.723.260.200",0,"Description: Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by<br>an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may<br>be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the<br>environment, or an idiosyncratic response.",""],["Shellfish Poisoning",522,0.0,"D057096","C25.723.415.792",0,"Description: Poisoning from toxins present in bivalve mollusks<br>that have been ingested. Four distinct types of shellfish<br>poisoning are recognized based on the toxin involved.",""],["Binge Drinking",1969,0.1,"D063425","C25.775.100.437",0,"Description: Drinking an excessive amount of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES<br>in a short period of time.",""],["Scorpion Stings",828,0.0,"D065008","C25.723.127.142",0,"Description: The effects, both local and systemic, caused by the<br>bite of SCORPIONS.",""],["Propofol Infusion Syndrome",18,0.0,"D000072736","C25.100.844",0,"Description: Rare and often fatal drug complication which affects<br>patients undergoing long-term treatment with high doses of<br>PROPOFOL. It is characterized by METABOLIC ACIDOSIS;<br>HYPERLIPIDEMIA; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; cardiovascular CIRCULATORY<br>COLLAPSE; CARDIAC FAILURE; and KIDNEY FAILURE.",""],["Narcotic-Related Disorders",28011,1.6,"D000079524","C25.775.643",6,"Description: Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or<br>misuse of NARCOTICS.",""],["Substance Abuse, Oral",5,0.0,"D000075067","C25.775.814",0,"Description: Abuse, overuse, or misuse of a substance by<br>ingestion.",""],["Heavy Metal Poisoning",18425,1.1,"D000075322","C25.723.522",10,"Description: Poisoning that results from chronic or acute<br>ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of HEAVY<br>METALS. Acute and chronic exposures can cause ANEMIA; KIDNEY and<br>LIVER damage; PULMONARY EDEMA; MEMORY LOSS and behavioral<br>changes; bone deformities in children; and MISCARRIAGE or<br>PREMATURE LABOR in pregnant women.",""],["Injection Site Reaction",190,0.0,"D000075662","C25.100.781",0,"Description: Adverse reactions that occur initially at the site<br>of injection or infusion. Milder type is confined to a local<br>allergic flare reaction. A more severe reaction is caused by<br>extravasation of VESICANTS from the blood vessel at the site of<br>injection and can cause damage to the surrounding tissue. In<br>tumor flare reaction symptoms involve well beyond the injection<br>site such as an increase in the tumor size and tumor markers<br>levels, bone pain, and HYPERCALCEMIA.",""],["Neurotoxicity Syndromes",18726,1.1,"D020258","C25.723.705",10,"Description: Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic<br>substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application,<br>or other method. This includes conditions caused by biologic,<br>chemical, and pharmaceutical agents.",""],["Alcohol-Related Disorders",103995,6.0,"D019973","C25.775.100",19,"Description: Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or<br>misuse of alcohol.",""],["Ototoxicity",201,0.0,"D000081015","C25.100.656",0,"Description: Damage to the EAR or its function secondary to<br>exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Toxic Optic Neuropathy",20,0.0,"D000081028","C25.100.937",0,"Description: Damage to the eye or its function (e.g., VISUAL<br>IMPAIRMENT) due to OPTIC NERVE damage secondary to toxic<br>substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or<br>RADIATION.",""],["Myotoxicity",40,0.0,"D000081030","C25.100.828",0,"Description: Damage to the muscle or its function secondary to<br>toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Drug Overdose",6534,0.4,"D062787","C25.775.383",1,"Description: Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or<br>street drug in excess of normal dosage.",""],["Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment",50,0.0,"D000084202","C25.100.429",0,"Description: The diminished or impaired mental and/or<br>intellectual function associated with the chemical treatment of<br>cancer.",""],["Substance Withdrawal Syndrome",16265,0.9,"D013375","C25.775.835",2,"Description: Physiological and psychological symptoms associated<br>with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged<br>administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal<br>from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an<br>administered drug.",""],["Bites and Stings",19240,1.1,"D001733","C25.723.127",7,"Description: Injuries inflicted by the TEETH or poisoning caused<br>by VENOMS of animals.",""],["Foodborne Diseases",17699,1.0,"D005517","C25.723.415",7,"Description: Acute illnesses, usually affecting the<br>GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, brought on by consuming contaminated food<br>or beverages. Most of these diseases are infectious, caused by a<br>variety of bacteria, viruses, or parasites that can be foodborne.<br>Sometimes the diseases are caused by harmful toxins from the<br>microbes or other chemicals present in the food. Especially in<br>the latter case, the condition is often called food poisoning.",""],["Marijuana Abuse",5514,0.3,"D002189","C25.775.635",0,"Description: Use of marijuana associated with abnormal<br>psychological, social, and or occupational functioning.",""],["Gas Poisoning",5950,0.3,"D005739","C25.723.455",2,"Description: Poisoning that results from exposure to gases such<br>as CARBON MONOXIDE; NOBLE GASES; OXYGEN; or NATURAL GAS.",""],["Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning",3277,0.2,"D002252","C25.723.177",0,"Description: Poisoning that results from ingestion, injection,<br>inhalation, or skin absorption of CARBON TETRACHLORIDE.",""],["Drug Hypersensitivity",41333,2.4,"D004342","C25.100.468",9,"Description: Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to<br>medicinal substances used legally or illegally.",""],["Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced",5568,0.3,"D004409","C25.100.750",0,"Description: Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS;<br>HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of<br>certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck,<br>and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia<br>refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the<br>face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic<br>agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of<br>Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)",""],["Mycotoxicosis",2586,0.2,"D015651","C25.723.680",2,"Description: Poisoning caused by the ingestion of mycotoxins<br>(toxins of fungal origin).",""],["Plant Poisoning",4544,0.3,"D010939","C25.723.756",3,"Description: Poisoning by the ingestion of plants or its leaves,<br>berries, roots or stalks. The manifestations in both humans and<br>animals vary in severity from mild to life threatening. In<br>animals, especially domestic animals, it is usually the result of<br>ingesting moldy or fermented forage.",""],["Fluoride Poisoning",911,0.1,"D005458","C25.723.380",0,"Description: Poisoning that results from chronic or acute<br>ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of FLUORIDE<br>compounds.",""],["Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome",1553,0.1,"D009357","C25.775.650",0,"Description: Fetal and neonatal addiction and withdrawal as a<br>result of the mother's dependence on drugs during pregnancy.<br>Withdrawal or abstinence symptoms develop shortly after birth.<br>Symptoms exhibited are loud, high-pitched crying, sweating,<br>yawning and gastrointestinal disturbances.",""],["Phencyclidine Abuse",187,0.0,"D010623","C25.775.700",0,"Description: The misuse of phencyclidine with associated<br>psychological symptoms and impairment in social or occupational<br>functioning.",""],["Psychoses, Substance-Induced",5716,0.3,"D011605","C25.723.809",1,"Description: Psychotic organic mental disorders resulting from<br>the toxic effect of drugs and chemicals or other harmful<br>substance.",""],["Psychoses, Substance-Induced",4043,0.2,"D011605","C25.775.746",0,"Description: Psychotic organic mental disorders resulting from<br>the toxic effect of drugs and chemicals or other harmful<br>substance.",""],["Tobacco Use Disorder",10248,0.6,"D014029","C25.775.912",0,"Description: Tobacco used to the detriment of a person's health<br>or social functioning. Tobacco dependence is included.",""],["Water Intoxication",971,0.1,"D014869","C25.723.932",0,"Description: A condition resulting from the excessive retention<br>of water with sodium depletion.",""],["Substance Abuse, Intravenous",11751,0.7,"D015819","C25.775.793",0,"Description: Abuse, overuse, or misuse of a substance by its<br>injection into a vein.",""],["Akathisia, Drug-Induced",902,0.1,"D017109","C25.100.249",0,"Description: A condition associated with the use of certain<br>medications and characterized by an internal sense of motor<br>restlessness often described as an inability to resist the urge<br>to move.",""],["Amphetamine-Related Disorders",3088,0.2,"D019969","C25.775.225",0,"Description: Disorders related or resulting from use of<br>amphetamines.",""],["Cocaine-Related Disorders",7699,0.4,"D019970","C25.775.300",0,"Description: Disorders related or resulting from use of cocaine.",""],["Serotonin Syndrome",954,0.1,"D020230","C25.100.875",0,"Description: An adverse drug interaction characterized by altered<br>mental status, autonomic dysfunction, and neuromuscular<br>abnormalities. It is most frequently caused by use of both<br>serotonin reuptake inhibitors and monoamine oxidase inhibitors,<br>leading to excess serotonin availability in the CNS at the<br>serotonin 1A receptor.",""],["Arsenic Poisoning",2615,0.2,"D020261","C25.723.098",0,"Description: Disorders associated with acute or chronic exposure<br>to compounds containing ARSENIC (ARSENICALS) which may be fatal.<br>Acute oral ingestion is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms<br>and an encephalopathy which may manifest as SEIZURES, mental<br>status changes, and COMA. Chronic exposure is associated with<br>mucosal irritation, desquamating rash, myalgias, peripheral<br>neuropathy, and white transverse (Mees) lines in the fingernails.<br>(Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1212)",""],["Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury",25229,1.5,"D056486","C25.100.562",1,"Description: A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from<br>mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by<br>drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and<br>chemicals from the environment.",""],["Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury",25229,1.5,"D056486","C25.723.260",1,"Description: A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from<br>mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by<br>drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and<br>chemicals from the environment.",""],["Inhalant Abuse",227,0.0,"D058545","C25.775.467",0,"Description: Illicit use of chemicals and products whose vapors<br>can be inhaled to produce a rapid mind-altering effect. Inhalants<br>include aerosols, gases, and volatile solvents that are often<br>inhaled repeatedly to achieve the short-lived intoxicating<br>effect.",""],["Organophosphate Poisoning",1930,0.1,"D062025","C25.723.717",0,"Description: Poisoning due to exposure to ORGANOPHOSPHORUS<br>COMPOUNDS, such as ORGANOPHOSPHATES; ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHATES; and<br>ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHONATES.",""],["Anticholinergic Syndrome",38,0.0,"D064807","C25.100.311",0,"Description: Adverse drug effects associated with CHOLINERGIC<br>ANTAGONISTS. Clinical features include TACHYCARDIA; HYPERTHERMIA;<br>MYDRIASIS, dry skin and dry mucous membranes, decreased bowel<br>sounds and urinary retention in peripheral anticholinergic<br>syndrome; and HALLUCINATIONS; PSYCHOSES; SEIZURES; and COMA in<br>central anticholinergic syndrome.",""],["Cardiotoxicity",1826,0.1,"D066126","C25.100.389",0,"Description: Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to<br>exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions",99372,5.8,"D064420","C25.100",23,"Description: Disorders that result from the intended use of<br>PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad<br>variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity,<br>DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.",""],["Substance-Related Disorders",281091,16.3,"D019966","C25.775",42,"Description: Disorders related to substance use or abuse.",""],["Poisoning",141677,8.2,"D011041","C25.723",57,"Description: A condition or physical state produced by the<br>ingestion, injection, inhalation of or exposure to a deleterious<br>agent.",""],["Chemically-Induced Disorders",522225,30.3,"D064419","C25",125,"Description: Disorders caused by the intentional or unintentional<br>ingestion or exposure to chemical substances such as<br>PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; NOXAE; and PESTICIDES.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: %{customdata[5]}<br>--<br>%{customdata[6]}%{customdata[7]}<extra></extra>","ids":["C25.775.100.087.193.100.250","C25.723.705.150.100.250","C25.775.100.087.193.100","C25.723.522.875.500.100","C25.775.100.087.193.200","C25.775.100.087.645.390","C25.775.100.087.645.490","C25.775.100.087.645.550","C25.723.127.789.500.707","C25.723.522.750.500.700","C25.723.522.750.500.400","C25.775.100.087.193.400","C25.775.100.087.193.300","C25.775.643.500.800","C25.723.705.150.100","C25.775.100.087.193","C25.775.643.500.700","C25.723.522.875.500","C25.723.705.150.200","C25.775.100.087.250","C25.100.468.380.375","C25.775.100.087.645","C25.775.643.500.400","C25.775.643.500.600","C25.775.100.087.750","C25.100.468.380.800","C25.100.468.380.900","C25.723.127.789.500","C25.775.100.087.730","C25.723.522.750.500","C25.723.705.150.400","C25.723.705.150.300","C25.100.468.380.174","C25.100.468.380.587","C25.775.100.087.323","C25.100.468.380.262","C25.100.468.380.693","C25.775.643.500","C25.723.705.150","C25.775.100.087","C25.775.643.250","C25.775.383.500","C25.723.522.875","C25.775.835.250","C25.775.100.175","C25.775.100.250","C25.723.127.723","C25.723.522.313","C25.723.415.151","C25.723.522.625","C25.723.455.245","C25.100.468.380","C25.723.705.200","C25.723.680.262","C25.723.415.341","C25.723.756.375","C25.723.455.571","C25.723.127.071","C25.723.756.558","C25.723.522.750","C25.723.415.551","C25.723.680.551","C25.723.705.600","C25.723.809.750","C25.723.415.738","C25.723.127.442","C25.723.415.846","C25.723.127.789","C25.775.100.625","C25.723.705.100","C25.723.756.600","C25.723.522.813","C25.723.705.400","C25.775.835.500","C25.723.415.246","C25.100.468.189","C25.100.562.200","C25.723.260.200","C25.723.415.792","C25.775.100.437","C25.723.127.142","C25.100.844","C25.775.643","C25.775.814","C25.723.522","C25.100.781","C25.723.705","C25.775.100","C25.100.656","C25.100.937","C25.100.828","C25.775.383","C25.100.429","C25.775.835","C25.723.127","C25.723.415","C25.775.635","C25.723.455","C25.723.177","C25.100.468","C25.100.750","C25.723.680","C25.723.756","C25.723.380","C25.775.650","C25.775.700","C25.723.809","C25.775.746","C25.775.912","C25.723.932","C25.775.793","C25.100.249","C25.775.225","C25.775.300","C25.100.875","C25.723.098","C25.100.562","C25.723.260","C25.775.467","C25.723.717","C25.100.311","C25.100.389","C25.100","C25.775","C25.723","C25"],"labels":["Alcoholic 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Fractures",5897,0.2,"D008337","C26.915.300.425.500.400.255",0,"Description: Fractures of the lower jaw.",""],["Maxillary Fractures",982,0.0,"D008440","C26.915.300.425.500.400.510",0,"Description: Fractures of the upper jaw.",""],["Corneal Perforation",350,0.0,"D057112","C26.915.300.425.250.124.500",0,"Description: A puncture or hole through the CORNEAL STROMA<br>resulting from various diseases or trauma.",""],["Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries",852,0.0,"D061226","C26.915.300.400.912.750.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE<br>that may result in vocal cord dysfunction.",""],["Brain Contusion",91,0.0,"D000070624","C26.915.300.200.194.375",0,"Description: A bruise of the brain from an impact of the skull.",""],["Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy",351,0.0,"D000070627","C26.915.300.200.194.500",0,"Description: Degenerative brain disease linked to repetitive<br>brain trauma. Progressive symptoms may include MEMORY LOSS;<br>AGGRESSION; or DEPRESSION.",""],["Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy",351,0.0,"D000070627","C26.915.300.200.200.500",0,"Description: Degenerative brain disease linked to repetitive<br>brain trauma. Progressive symptoms may include MEMORY LOSS;<br>AGGRESSION; or DEPRESSION.",""],["Mandibular Nerve Injuries",20,0.0,"D000080902","C26.915.300.400.825.750",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the MANDIBULAR NERVE and its<br>branches. Note that marginal mandibular nerve injury is a type of<br>FACIAL NERVE INJURIES. Injuries to LINGUAL NERVE branch of<br>mandibular nerve is LINGUAL NERVE INJURIES.",""],["Brain Concussion",9865,0.3,"D001924","C26.915.300.200.194.250",0,"Description: A nonspecific term used to describe transient<br>alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head<br>injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few<br>seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be<br>classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods<br>of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in<br>duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-<br>HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th<br>ed, p418)",""],["Eye Burns",2361,0.1,"D005126","C26.915.300.425.250.250",0,"Description: Injury to any part of the eye by extreme heat,<br>chemical agents, or ultraviolet radiation.",""],["Eye Foreign Bodies",3760,0.1,"D005129","C26.915.300.425.250.260",0,"Description: Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the eye.",""],["Jaw Fractures",7768,0.2,"D007572","C26.915.300.425.500.400",2,"Description: Fractures of the upper or lower jaw.",""],["Mandibular Injuries",835,0.0,"D008338","C26.915.300.425.500.500",0,"Description: Injuries to the lower jaw bone.",""],["Orbital Fractures",3149,0.1,"D009917","C26.915.300.425.500.550",0,"Description: Fractures of the bones in the orbit, which include<br>parts of the frontal, ethmoidal, lacrimal, and sphenoid bones and<br>the maxilla and zygoma.",""],["Zygomatic Fractures",1302,0.0,"D015051","C26.915.300.425.500.950",0,"Description: Fractures of the zygoma.",""],["Eye Injuries, Penetrating",2533,0.1,"D015807","C26.915.300.425.250.270",0,"Description: Deeply perforating or puncturing type intraocular<br>injuries.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Acute",817,0.0,"D020199","C26.915.300.490.450.050",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>acute onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic",1931,0.0,"D020200","C26.915.300.490.450.120",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with<br>delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss<br>of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental<br>status.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic",267,0.0,"D020202","C26.915.300.200.175.300",0,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due<br>to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>and the BASAL GANGLIA. Depending on the severity of bleeding,<br>clinical features may include SEIZURES; APHASIA; VISION<br>DISORDERS; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; PARALYSIS; and COMA.",""],["Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic",267,0.0,"D020202","C26.915.300.490.150.300",0,"Description: Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due<br>to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX<br>and the BASAL GANGLIA. Depending on the severity of bleeding,<br>clinical features may include SEIZURES; APHASIA; VISION<br>DISORDERS; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; PARALYSIS; and COMA.",""],["Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic",52,0.0,"D020203","C26.915.300.200.175.200",0,"Description: Bleeding into structures of BRAIN STEM, including<br>the MIDBRAIN; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA, as the result of<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY is commonly<br>associated. Clinical manifestations may include OCULAR MOTILITY<br>DISORDERS; ATAXIA; PARALYSIS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; and<br>COMA.",""],["Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic",52,0.0,"D020203","C26.915.300.490.150.200",0,"Description: Bleeding into structures of BRAIN STEM, including<br>the MIDBRAIN; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA, as the result of<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY is commonly<br>associated. Clinical manifestations may include OCULAR MOTILITY<br>DISORDERS; ATAXIA; PARALYSIS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; and<br>COMA.",""],["Diffuse Axonal Injury",720,0.0,"D020833","C26.915.300.200.188.500",0,"Description: A relatively common sequela of blunt head injury,<br>characterized by a global disruption of axons throughout the<br>brain. Associated clinical features may include NEUROBEHAVIORAL<br>MANIFESTATIONS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; DEMENTIA; and other<br>disorders.",""],["Post-Concussion Syndrome",1422,0.0,"D038223","C26.915.300.450.500.500",0,"Description: The organic and psychogenic disturbances observed<br>after closed head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED). Post-<br>concussion syndrome includes subjective physical complaints (i.e.<br>headache, dizziness), cognitive, emotional, and behavioral<br>changes. These disturbances can be chronic, permanent, or late<br>emerging.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial",299,0.0,"D046648","C26.915.300.490.450.400",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE over the<br>CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE.",""],["Contrecoup Injury",14,0.0,"D056886","C26.915.300.450.500.250",0,"Description: An injury in which the damage is located on the<br>opposite side of the primary impact site. A blow to the back of<br>head which results in contrecoup injury to the frontal lobes of<br>the brain is the most common type.",""],["Corneal Injuries",3007,0.1,"D065306","C26.915.300.425.250.124",1,"Description: Damage or trauma inflicted to the CORNEA by external<br>means.",""],["Lingual Nerve Injuries",282,0.0,"D061222","C26.915.300.400.825.500",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the LINGUAL NERVE. It may be a<br>complication following dental treatments.",""],["Laryngeal Nerve Injuries",1126,0.0,"D061224","C26.915.300.400.912.750",1,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the LARYNGEAL NERVE.",""],["Brain Injuries, Traumatic",22182,0.6,"D000070642","C26.915.300.200.194",3,"Description: A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a<br>sudden trauma causes damage to the brain.",""],["Brain Injuries, Diffuse",763,0.0,"D000070625","C26.915.300.200.188",1,"Description: Brain injuries occurring over a wide area instead of<br>specific focal area.",""],["Brain Injury, Chronic",1098,0.0,"D020208","C26.915.300.200.200",1,"Description: Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage<br>or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. This disorder may<br>result from DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES;<br>BRAIN EDEMA; and other conditions. Clinical features may include<br>DEMENTIA; focal neurologic deficits; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE;<br>AKINETIC MUTISM; or COMA.",""],["Trigeminal Nerve Injuries",1322,0.0,"D061221","C26.915.300.400.825",2,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. It may<br>result in extreme pain, abnormal sensation in the areas the nerve<br>innervates on face, jaw, gums and tongue and can cause<br>difficulties with speech and chewing. It is sometimes associated<br>with various dental treatments.",""],["Brain Concussion",11301,0.3,"D001924","C26.915.300.450.500",2,"Description: A nonspecific term used to describe transient<br>alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head<br>injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few<br>seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be<br>classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods<br>of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in<br>duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-<br>HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th<br>ed, p418)",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea",789,0.0,"D002558","C26.915.300.225.500",0,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through the<br>external auditory meatus or through the eustachian tube into the<br>nasopharynx. This is usually associated with CRANIOCEREBRAL<br>TRAUMA (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE involving the TEMPORAL BONE;),<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES; or other conditions, but may rarely<br>occur spontaneously. (From Am J Otol 1995 Nov;16(6):765-71)",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea",2383,0.1,"D002559","C26.915.300.225.750",0,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through the nose.<br>Common etiologies include trauma, neoplasms, and prior surgery,<br>although the condition may occur spontaneously. (Otolaryngol Head<br>Neck Surg 1997 Apr;116(4):442-9)",""],["Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic",1015,0.0,"D004834","C26.915.300.200.475",0,"Description: Recurrent seizures causally related to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Seizure onset may be immediate but is<br>typically delayed for several days after the injury and may not<br>occur for up to two years. The majority of seizures have a focal<br>onset that correlates clinically with the site of brain injury.<br>Cerebral cortex injuries caused by a penetrating foreign object<br>(CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, PENETRATING) are more likely than closed<br>head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED) to be associated with<br>epilepsy. Concussive convulsions are nonepileptic phenomena that<br>occur immediately after head injury and are characterized by<br>tonic and clonic movements. (From Rev Neurol 1998<br>Feb;26(150):256-261; Sports Med 1998 Feb;25(2):131-6)",""],["Eye Injuries",21960,0.6,"D005131","C26.915.300.425.250",5,"Description: Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external<br>means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular<br>injuries.",""],["Femoral Neck Fractures",8448,0.2,"D005265","C26.404.061.425.500",0,"Description: Fractures of the short, constricted portion of the<br>thigh bone between the femur head and the trochanters. It<br>excludes intertrochanteric fractures which are HIP FRACTURES.",""],["Femoral Neck Fractures",8448,0.2,"D005265","C26.558.276.425.500",0,"Description: Fractures of the short, constricted portion of the<br>thigh bone between the femur head and the trochanters. It<br>excludes intertrochanteric fractures which are HIP FRACTURES.",""],["Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial",2905,0.1,"D006407","C26.915.300.490.400",0,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the EPIDURAL SPACE between<br>the SKULL and the DURA MATER, often as a result of bleeding from<br>the MENINGEAL ARTERIES associated with a temporal or parietal<br>bone fracture. Epidural hematoma tends to expand rapidly,<br>compressing the dura and underlying brain. Clinical features may<br>include HEADACHE; VOMITING; HEMIPARESIS; and impaired mental<br>function.",""],["Hematoma, Subdural",8115,0.2,"D006408","C26.915.300.490.450",3,"Description: Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between<br>the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This<br>condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL<br>HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA,<br>SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the<br>acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom<br>onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness,<br>severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.",""],["Maxillofacial Injuries",16488,0.4,"D008446","C26.915.300.425.500",6,"Description: General or unspecified injuries involving the face<br>and jaw (either upper, lower, or both).",""],["Mandibular Fractures",5897,0.2,"D008337","C26.404.750.467.441",0,"Description: Fractures of the lower jaw.",""],["Maxillary Fractures",982,0.0,"D008440","C26.404.750.467.611",0,"Description: Fractures of the upper jaw.",""],["Pneumocephalus",1515,0.0,"D011007","C26.915.300.200.650",0,"Description: Presence of air or gas within the intracranial<br>cavity (e.g., epidural space, subdural space, intracerebral,<br>etc.) which may result from traumatic injuries, fistulous tract<br>formation, erosions of the skull from NEOPLASMS or infection,<br>NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES, and other conditions.",""],["Tennis Elbow",1760,0.0,"D013716","C26.874.800.500.500",0,"Description: A condition characterized by pain in or near the<br>lateral humeral epicondyle or in the forearm extensor muscle mass<br>as a result of unusual strain. It occurs due repetitive stresses<br>on the elbow from activities such as tennis playing.",""],["Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic",520,0.0,"D020201","C26.915.300.200.175",2,"Description: Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating<br>and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traumatically induced<br>hemorrhages may occur in any area of the brain, including the<br>CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM (see BRAIN STEM HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC); and<br>CEREBELLUM.",""],["Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic",520,0.0,"D020201","C26.915.300.490.150",2,"Description: Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating<br>and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traumatically induced<br>hemorrhages may occur in any area of the brain, including the<br>CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM (see BRAIN STEM HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC); and<br>CEREBELLUM.",""],["Skull Fracture, Depressed",184,0.0,"D020204","C26.915.300.745.350",0,"Description: A skull fracture characterized by inward depression<br>of a fragment or section of cranial bone, often compressing the<br>underlying dura mater and brain. Depressed cranial fractures<br>which feature open skin wounds that communicate with skull<br>fragments are referred to as compound depressed skull fractures.",""],["Skull Fracture, Basilar",187,0.0,"D020205","C26.915.300.745.300",0,"Description: Fractures which extend through the base of the<br>SKULL, usually involving the PETROUS BONE. Battle's sign<br>(characterized by skin discoloration due to extravasation of<br>blood into the subcutaneous tissue behind the ear and over the<br>mastoid process), CRANIAL NEUROPATHIES, TRAUMATIC; CAROTID-<br>CAVERNOUS SINUS FISTULA; and CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OTORRHEA are<br>relatively frequent sequelae of this condition. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p876)",""],["Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic",212,0.0,"D020206","C26.915.300.490.700",0,"Description: Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptomatic;<br>moderate to severe hemorrhages may be associated with<br>INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION and VASOSPASM, INTRACRANIAL.",""],["Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection",1578,0.0,"D020215","C26.915.200.200.500",0,"Description: The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both<br>(left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ARTERY,<br>INTERNAL). Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel<br>wall can lead to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and<br>aneurysm formation.",""],["Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula",1120,0.0,"D020216","C26.915.200.200.550",0,"Description: An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which<br>there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous<br>structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with<br>HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL<br>FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS<br>and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.",""],["Facial Nerve Injuries",1349,0.0,"D020220","C26.915.300.400.300",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the facial nerve. This may<br>result in FACIAL PARALYSIS, decreased lacrimation and salivation,<br>and loss of taste sensation in the anterior tongue. The nerve may<br>regenerate and reform its original pattern of innervation, or<br>regenerate aberrantly, resulting in inappropriate lacrimation in<br>response to gustatory stimuli (e.g., \"crocodile tears\") and other<br>syndromes.",""],["Optic Nerve Injuries",1821,0.0,"D020221","C26.915.300.400.650",0,"Description: Injuries to the optic nerve induced by a trauma to<br>the face or head. These may occur with closed or penetrating<br>injuries. Relatively minor compression of the superior aspect of<br>orbit may also result in trauma to the optic nerve. Clinical<br>manifestations may include visual loss, PAPILLEDEMA, and an<br>afferent pupillary defect.",""],["Abducens Nerve Injury",81,0.0,"D020222","C26.915.300.400.100",0,"Description: Traumatic injury to the abducens, or sixth, cranial<br>nerve. Injury to this nerve results in lateral rectus muscle<br>weakness or paralysis. The nerve may be damaged by closed or<br>penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA or by facial trauma involving<br>the orbit.",""],["Cubital Tunnel Syndrome",684,0.0,"D020430","C26.844.150.957.200",0,"Description: Compression of the ULNAR NERVE in the cubital<br>tunnel, which is formed by the two heads of the flexor carpi<br>ulnaris muscle, humeral-ulnar aponeurosis, and medial ligaments<br>of the elbow. This condition may follow trauma or occur in<br>association with processes which produce nerve enlargement or<br>narrowing of the canal. Manifestations include elbow pain and<br>PARESTHESIA radiating distally, weakness of ulnar innervated<br>intrinsic hand muscles, and loss of sensation over the hypothenar<br>region, fifth finger, and ulnar aspect of the ring finger.<br>(Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p43)",""],["Post-Concussion Syndrome",1422,0.0,"D038223","C26.974.382.200.500",0,"Description: The organic and psychogenic disturbances observed<br>after closed head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED). Post-<br>concussion syndrome includes subjective physical complaints (i.e.<br>headache, dizziness), cognitive, emotional, and behavioral<br>changes. These disturbances can be chronic, permanent, or late<br>emerging.",""],["Shaken Baby Syndrome",603,0.0,"D038642","C26.915.300.200.825",0,"Description: Brain injuries resulted from vigorous shaking of an<br>infant or young child held by the chest, shoulders, or<br>extremities causing extreme cranial acceleration. It is<br>characterized by the intracranial and intraocular hemorrhages<br>with no evident external trauma. Serious cases may result in<br>death.",""],["Commotio Cordis",91,0.0,"D056104","C26.891.375.750.500",0,"Description: A sudden CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA (e.g., VENTRICULAR<br>FIBRILLATION) caused by a blunt, non-penetrating impact to the<br>precordial region of chest wall. Commotio cordis often results in<br>sudden death without prompt cardiopulmonary defibrillation.",""],["Commotio Cordis",91,0.0,"D056104","C26.974.250.875.500",0,"Description: A sudden CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA (e.g., VENTRICULAR<br>FIBRILLATION) caused by a blunt, non-penetrating impact to the<br>precordial region of chest wall. Commotio cordis often results in<br>sudden death without prompt cardiopulmonary defibrillation.",""],["Contrecoup Injury",14,0.0,"D056886","C26.974.382.200.250",0,"Description: An injury in which the damage is located on the<br>opposite side of the primary impact site. A blow to the back of<br>head which results in contrecoup injury to the frontal lobes of<br>the brain is the most common type.",""],["Olfactory Nerve Injuries",36,0.0,"D061219","C26.915.300.400.562",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the OLFACTORY NERVE. It may<br>result in various olfactory dysfunction including a complete loss<br>of smell.",""],["Oculomotor Nerve Injuries",86,0.0,"D061220","C26.915.300.400.518",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. This may<br>result in various eye movement dysfunction.",""],["Vagus Nerve Injuries",1219,0.0,"D061223","C26.915.300.400.912",2,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the VAGUS NERVE. Because the<br>vagus nerve innervates multiple organs, injuries in the nerve<br>fibers may result in any gastrointestinal organ dysfunction<br>downstream of the injury site.",""],["Accessory Nerve Injuries",208,0.0,"D061227","C26.915.300.400.200",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the ACCESSORY NERVE. Damage to<br>the nerve may produce weakness in head rotation and shoulder<br>elevation.",""],["Hypoglossal Nerve Injuries",159,0.0,"D061228","C26.915.300.400.387",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE.",""],["Trochlear Nerve Injuries",26,0.0,"D061247","C26.915.300.400.868",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the TROCHLEAR NERVE.",""],["Vestibulocochlear Nerve Injuries",32,0.0,"D061285","C26.915.300.400.956",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE.",""],["Glossopharyngeal Nerve Injuries",32,0.0,"D061287","C26.915.300.400.343",0,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE.",""],["Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries",8590,0.2,"D000070598","C26.558.554.213",0,"Description: Sprain or tear injuries to the ANTERIOR CRUCIATE<br>LIGAMENT of the knee.",""],["Brain Injuries",79344,2.1,"D001930","C26.915.300.200",14,"Description: Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC)<br>injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres,<br>CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the<br>nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently<br>associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC.<br>Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL<br>MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.",""],["Brain Contusion",91,0.0,"D000070624","C26.974.250.500",0,"Description: A bruise of the brain from an impact of the skull.",""],["Elbow Tendinopathy",1806,0.0,"D000070639","C26.874.800.500",1,"Description: Inflammation (tendinitis) or degeneration<br>(tendinosis) of the tendons of the elbow.",""],["Enthesopathy",245,0.0,"D000070676","C26.874.800.750",0,"Description: A disorder occurring at the site of insertion of<br>TENDONS or LIGAMENTS into bones or JOINT CAPSULES.",""],["Bankart Lesions",181,0.0,"D000070896","C26.404.625.500",0,"Description: An anterior capsulolabral injury associated with a<br>tear of the anteroinferior GLENOID LABRUM.",""],["Bankart Lesions",181,0.0,"D000070896","C26.803.250.500",0,"Description: An anterior capsulolabral injury associated with a<br>tear of the anteroinferior GLENOID LABRUM.",""],["Myocardial Contusions",142,0.0,"D000071956","C26.891.375.750",1,"Description: Bruise to the heart muscle due to blunt thoracic<br>trauma.",""],["Myocardial Contusions",142,0.0,"D000071956","C26.974.250.875",1,"Description: Bruise to the heart muscle due to blunt thoracic<br>trauma.",""],["Salter-Harris Fractures",405,0.0,"D000072042","C26.289.336.875",0,"Description: Fractures involving a GROWTH PLATE.",""],["Salter-Harris Fractures",405,0.0,"D000072042","C26.404.026.500",0,"Description: Fractures involving a GROWTH PLATE.",""],["Cranial Nerve Injuries",6826,0.2,"D020209","C26.915.300.400",16,"Description: Dysfunction of one or more cranial nerves causally<br>related to a traumatic injury. Penetrating and nonpenetrating<br>CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; NECK INJURIES; and trauma to the facial<br>region are conditions associated with cranial nerve injuries.",""],["Head Injuries, Closed",14121,0.4,"D016489","C26.915.300.450",3,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the cranium where the<br>integrity of the skull is not compromised and no bone fragments<br>or other objects penetrate the skull and DURA MATER. This<br>frequently results in mechanical injury being transmitted to<br>intracranial structures which may produce TRAUMATIC BRAIN<br>INJURIES, hemorrhage, or CRANIAL NERVE INJURIES. (From Rowland,<br>Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p417)",""],["Brain Concussion",11301,0.3,"D001924","C26.974.382.200",2,"Description: A nonspecific term used to describe transient<br>alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head<br>injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few<br>seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be<br>classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods<br>of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in<br>duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-<br>HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th<br>ed, p418)",""],["Carpal Tunnel Syndrome",8986,0.2,"D002349","C26.844.150.206",0,"Description: Entrapment of the MEDIAN NERVE in the carpal tunnel,<br>which is formed by the flexor retinaculum and the CARPAL BONES.<br>This syndrome may be associated with repetitive occupational<br>trauma (CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS); wrist injuries; AMYLOID<br>NEUROPATHIES; rheumatoid arthritis (see ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID);<br>ACROMEGALY; PREGNANCY; and other conditions. Symptoms include<br>burning pain and paresthesias involving the ventral surface of<br>the hand and fingers which may radiate proximally. Impairment of<br>sensation in the distribution of the median nerve and thenar<br>muscle atrophy may occur. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51,<br>p45)",""],["Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak",4061,0.1,"D065634","C26.915.300.225",2,"Description: Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through a hole<br>through the skull bone most commonly draining from the nose<br>(CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA) or the ear (CEREBROSPINAL FLUID<br>OTORRHEA).",""],["Chilblains",551,0.0,"D002647","C26.212.500.217",0,"Description: Recurrent localized itching, swelling and painful<br>erythema on the fingers, toes or ears, produced by exposure to<br>cold.",""],["Colles' Fracture",808,0.0,"D003100","C26.289.336.500",0,"Description: Fracture of the lower end of the radius in which the<br>lower fragment is displaced posteriorly.",""],["Colles' Fracture",808,0.0,"D003100","C26.404.562.356",0,"Description: Fracture of the lower end of the radius in which the<br>lower fragment is displaced posteriorly.",""],["Cracked Tooth Syndrome",266,0.0,"D003387","C26.900.750.300",0,"Description: Incomplete fracture of any part of a tooth,<br>characterized by pain during mastication and sensitivity to heat,<br>cold, sweet or sour tastes, and alcohol; it is often undiagnosed<br>because the tooth is usually X-ray negative and normal to pulp<br>vitality tests.",""],["Facial Injuries",43500,1.1,"D005151","C26.915.300.425",13,"Description: General or unspecified injuries to the soft tissue<br>or bony portions of the face.",""],["Hip Fractures",26233,0.7,"D006620","C26.404.061.425",1,"Description: Fractures of the FEMUR HEAD; the FEMUR NECK;<br>(FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES); the trochanters; or the inter- or<br>subtrochanteric region. Excludes fractures of the acetabulum and<br>fractures of the femoral shaft below the subtrochanteric region<br>(FEMORAL FRACTURES).",""],["Femoral Neck Fractures",8448,0.2,"D005265","C26.531.750.500",0,"Description: Fractures of the short, constricted portion of the<br>thigh bone between the femur head and the trochanters. It<br>excludes intertrochanteric fractures which are HIP FRACTURES.",""],["Hip Fractures",26233,0.7,"D006620","C26.558.276.425",1,"Description: Fractures of the FEMUR HEAD; the FEMUR NECK;<br>(FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES); the trochanters; or the inter- or<br>subtrochanteric region. Excludes fractures of the acetabulum and<br>fractures of the femoral shaft below the subtrochanteric region<br>(FEMORAL FRACTURES).",""],["Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic",12205,0.3,"D020198","C26.915.300.490",9,"Description: Bleeding within the SKULL induced by penetrating and<br>nonpenetrating traumatic injuries, including hemorrhages into the<br>tissues of CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM; as well as into<br>the epidural, subdural and subarachnoid spaces of the MENINGES.",""],["Jaw Fractures",7768,0.2,"D007572","C26.404.750.467",2,"Description: Fractures of the upper or lower jaw.",""],["Monteggia's Fracture",477,0.0,"D009011","C26.289.336.750",0,"Description: Fracture in the proximal half of the shaft of the<br>ulna, with dislocation of the head of the radius.",""],["Monteggia's Fracture",477,0.0,"D009011","C26.404.937.547",0,"Description: Fracture in the proximal half of the shaft of the<br>ulna, with dislocation of the head of the radius.",""],["Orbital Fractures",3149,0.1,"D009917","C26.404.750.684",0,"Description: Fractures of the bones in the orbit, which include<br>parts of the frontal, ethmoidal, lacrimal, and sphenoid bones and<br>the maxilla and zygoma.",""],["Pseudarthrosis",3978,0.1,"D011542","C26.404.468.627",0,"Description: A pathologic entity characterized by deossification<br>of a weight-bearing long bone, followed by bending and pathologic<br>fracture, with inability to form normal BONY CALLUS leading to<br>existence of the \"false joint\" that gives the condition its name.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Radius Fractures",9547,0.2,"D011885","C26.088.268.556",0,"Description: Fractures of the RADIUS.",""],["Skull Fractures",8134,0.2,"D012887","C26.915.300.745",2,"Description: Fractures of the skull which may result from<br>penetrating or nonpenetrating head injuries or rarely BONE<br>DISEASES (see also FRACTURES, SPONTANEOUS). Skull fractures may<br>be classified by location (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, BASILAR),<br>radiographic appearance (e.g., linear), or based upon cranial<br>integrity (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, DEPRESSED).",""],["Sunstroke",81,0.0,"D013474","C26.522.500.500",0,"Description: Heat stroke caused by exposure to the sun. It is<br>characterized by dangerously high BODY TEMPERATURE; red, hot<br>skin; DELUSIONS; CONVULSIONS; or COMA. It can be a life-<br>threatening emergency and is most common in infants and the<br>elderly.",""],["Ulna Fractures",2911,0.1,"D014458","C26.088.268.807",0,"Description: Fractures of the larger bone of the forearm.",""],["Uterine Perforation",718,0.0,"D014595","C26.761.853.500",0,"Description: A hole or break through the wall of the UTERUS,<br>usually made by the placement of an instrument or INTRAUTERINE<br>DEVICES.",""],["Zygomatic Fractures",1302,0.0,"D015051","C26.404.750.959",0,"Description: Fractures of the zygoma.",""],["Smoke Inhalation Injury",1121,0.0,"D015208","C26.200.322.800",0,"Description: Pulmonary injury following the breathing in of toxic<br>smoke from burning materials such as plastics, synthetics,<br>building materials, etc. This injury is the most frequent cause<br>of death in burn patients.",""],["Granuloma, Foreign-Body",2010,0.1,"D015745","C26.392.560.325",0,"Description: Histiocytic, inflammatory response to a foreign<br>body. It consists of modified macrophages with multinucleated<br>giant cells, in this case foreign-body giant cells (GIANT CELLS,<br>FOREIGN-BODY), usually surrounded by lymphocytes.",""],["Spinal Fractures",15119,0.4,"D016103","C26.117.500.500",0,"Description: Broken bones in the vertebral column.",""],["Needlestick Injuries",2824,0.1,"D016602","C26.986.950.500",0,"Description: Penetrating stab wounds caused by needles. They are<br>of special concern to health care workers since such injuries put<br>them at risk for developing infectious disease.",""],["Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndromes",1231,0.0,"D017769","C26.844.150.957",1,"Description: Ulnar neuropathies caused by mechanical compression<br>of the nerve at any location from its origin at the BRACHIAL<br>PLEXUS to its terminations in the hand. Common sites of<br>compression include the retroepicondylar groove, cubital tunnel<br>at the elbow (CUBITAL TUNNEL SYNDROME), and Guyon's canal at the<br>wrist. Clinical features depend on the site of injury, but may<br>include weakness or paralysis of wrist flexion, finger flexion,<br>and ulnar innervated intrinsic hand muscles, and impaired<br>sensation over the ulnar aspect of the hand, fifth finger, and<br>ulnar half of the ring finger. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995,<br>Ch51, p43)",""],["Splenosis",511,0.0,"D017890","C26.017.680.500",0,"Description: The spontaneous transplantation of splenic tissue to<br>unusual sites after open splenic trauma, e.g., after automobile<br>accidents, gunshot or stab wounds. The splenic pulp implants<br>appear as red-blue nodules on the peritoneum, omentum, and<br>mesentery, morphologically similar to multifocal pelvic<br>endometriosis. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Splenosis",511,0.0,"D017890","C26.761.555.500",0,"Description: The spontaneous transplantation of splenic tissue to<br>unusual sites after open splenic trauma, e.g., after automobile<br>accidents, gunshot or stab wounds. The splenic pulp implants<br>appear as red-blue nodules on the peritoneum, omentum, and<br>mesentery, morphologically similar to multifocal pelvic<br>endometriosis. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)",""],["Head Injuries, Penetrating",1101,0.0,"D020197","C26.915.300.475",0,"Description: Head injuries which feature compromise of the skull<br>and dura mater. These may result from gunshot wounds (WOUNDS,<br>GUNSHOT), stab wounds (WOUNDS, STAB), and other forms of trauma.",""],["Skull Fracture, Depressed",184,0.0,"D020204","C26.404.750.890",0,"Description: A skull fracture characterized by inward depression<br>of a fragment or section of cranial bone, often compressing the<br>underlying dura mater and brain. Depressed cranial fractures<br>which feature open skin wounds that communicate with skull<br>fragments are referred to as compound depressed skull fractures.",""],["Skull Fracture, Basilar",187,0.0,"D020205","C26.404.750.821",0,"Description: Fractures which extend through the base of the<br>SKULL, usually involving the PETROUS BONE. Battle's sign<br>(characterized by skin discoloration due to extravasation of<br>blood into the subcutaneous tissue behind the ear and over the<br>mastoid process), CRANIAL NEUROPATHIES, TRAUMATIC; CAROTID-<br>CAVERNOUS SINUS FISTULA; and CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OTORRHEA are<br>relatively frequent sequelae of this condition. (Adams et al.,<br>Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p876)",""],["Coma, Post-Head Injury",106,0.0,"D020207","C26.915.300.350",0,"Description: Prolonged unconsciousness from which the individual<br>cannot be aroused, associated with traumatic injuries to the<br>BRAIN. This may be defined as unconsciousness persisting for 6<br>hours or longer. Coma results from injury to both cerebral<br>hemispheres or the RETICULAR FORMATION of the BRAIN STEM.<br>Contributing mechanisms include DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY and BRAIN<br>EDEMA. (From J Neurotrauma 1997 Oct;14(10):699-713)",""],["Carotid Artery Injuries",5658,0.1,"D020212","C26.915.200.200",2,"Description: Damages to the CAROTID ARTERIES caused either by<br>blunt force or penetrating trauma, such as CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA;<br>THORACIC INJURIES; and NECK INJURIES. Damaged carotid arteries<br>can lead to CAROTID ARTERY THROMBOSIS; CAROTID-CAVERNOUS SINUS<br>FISTULA; pseudoaneurysm formation; and INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY<br>DISSECTION. (From Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1997, 18:251; J Trauma<br>1994, 37:473)",""],["Vertebral Artery Dissection",1631,0.0,"D020217","C26.915.200.600",0,"Description: Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL<br>ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel wall<br>can lead to occlusion of the vertebral artery, aneurysm<br>formation, or THROMBOEMBOLISM. Vertebral artery dissection is<br>often associated with TRAUMA and injuries to the head-neck region<br>but can occur spontaneously.",""],["Hallux Limitus",73,0.0,"D020857","C26.558.300.500",0,"Description: A bony proliferation and articular degeneration of<br>the first METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT that is characterized by pain<br>and a progressive decrease in the dorsiflexion range of motion.",""],["Knee Dislocation",740,0.0,"D031221","C26.558.554.500",0,"Description: Slippage of the FEMUR off the TIBIA.",""],["Patellar Dislocation",1413,0.0,"D031222","C26.558.554.750",0,"Description: Displacement of the PATELLA from the femoral groove.",""],["Pubic Symphysis Diastasis",129,0.0,"D046548","C26.289.192.500",0,"Description: Separation of the PUBIC SYMPHYSIS. It is an uncommon<br>complication of CHILDBIRTH causing postpartum PAIN, but it can<br>also arise from other causes.",""],["Intrauterine Device Migration",127,0.0,"D058736","C26.392.500.500",0,"Description: The shifting in position or location of an<br>INTRAUTERINE DEVICE from its original placement.",""],["Iliotibial Band Syndrome",76,0.0,"D058745","C26.558.554.425",0,"Description: An overuse injury causing lateral knee pain that<br>results from repetitive friction of the iliotibial band over the<br>lateral femoral epicondyle.",""],["Iliotibial Band Syndrome",76,0.0,"D058745","C26.844.150.425",0,"Description: An overuse injury causing lateral knee pain that<br>results from repetitive friction of the iliotibial band over the<br>lateral femoral epicondyle.",""],["Artificial Lens Implant Migration",261,0.0,"D060437","C26.392.500.249",0,"Description: The shifting and or tilting of implanted artificial<br>lens resulting in impaired vision.",""],["Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced",534,0.0,"D000016","C26.733.031",0,"Description: Congenital changes in the morphology of organs<br>produced by exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.",""],["Fractures, Multiple",180,0.0,"D000069076","C26.404.280",0,"Description: Injuries involving the breaking of either several<br>bones or one bone in two or more places.",""],["Fractures, Multiple",180,0.0,"D000069076","C26.640.500",0,"Description: Injuries involving the breaking of either several<br>bones or one bone in two or more places.",""],["Degloving Injuries",134,0.0,"D000069836","C26.808.500",0,"Description: Avulsions of the superficial tissues of SKIN and<br>SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE from the underlying FASCIA.",""],["Knee Injuries",26861,0.7,"D007718","C26.558.554",4,"Description: Injuries to the knee or the knee joint.",""],["Tibial Meniscus Injuries",3196,0.1,"D000070600","C26.558.781",0,"Description: Injuries to the TIBIAL MENISCUS of the leg.",""],["Craniocerebral Trauma",187524,4.8,"D006259","C26.915.300",68,"Description: Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and<br>intracranial structures (i.e., BRAIN; CRANIAL NERVES; MENINGES;<br>and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or<br>not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs.<br>nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage.",""],["Contusions",3179,0.1,"D003288","C26.974.250",3,"Description: Injuries resulting in hemorrhage, usually manifested<br>in the skin.",""],["Diastasis, Muscle",49,0.0,"D000070630","C26.289.288",0,"Description: Abnormal separation of muscles.",""],["Diastasis, Bone",147,0.0,"D000070631","C26.289.192",1,"Description: Abnormal separation of bones, often from a LIGAMENT.",""],["Rotator Cuff Injuries",5514,0.1,"D000070636","C26.761.340",0,"Description: Injuries to the ROTATOR CUFF of the shoulder joint.",""],["Rotator Cuff Injuries",5514,0.1,"D000070636","C26.803.063",0,"Description: Injuries to the ROTATOR CUFF of the shoulder joint.",""],["Rotator Cuff Injuries",5514,0.1,"D000070636","C26.874.400",0,"Description: Injuries to the ROTATOR CUFF of the shoulder joint.",""],["Tendinopathy",7881,0.2,"D052256","C26.874.800",3,"Description: Clinical syndrome describing overuse tendon injuries<br>characterized by a combination of PAIN, diffuse or localized<br>swelling, and impaired performance.",""],["Shoulder Fractures",3849,0.1,"D012784","C26.404.625",1,"Description: Fractures of the proximal humerus, including the<br>head, anatomic and surgical necks, and tuberosities.",""],["Shoulder Fractures",3849,0.1,"D012784","C26.803.250",1,"Description: Fractures of the proximal humerus, including the<br>head, anatomic and surgical necks, and tuberosities.",""],["Fractures, Avulsion",286,0.0,"D000071562","C26.404.038",0,"Description: Tearing away of the CORTICAL BONE fragment at the<br>location of a strong ligament or tendon attachment. The bone<br>fragment detachment site often occurs near a soft site (e.g.,<br>GROWTH PLATE) at the base where LIGAMENTS; TENDONS; or JOINT<br>CAPSULES attach. In younger patients it is most often caused by a<br>sudden forceful pull on a tendon in the opposite direction of the<br>bone movement. In the elderly it is associated with osteoporotic<br>INSUFFICIENCY FRACTURES.",""],["Heart Injuries",6827,0.2,"D006335","C26.891.375",2,"Description: General or unspecified injuries to the heart.",""],["Fracture Dislocation",2156,0.1,"D000072039","C26.289.336",3,"Description: Fracture of a bone near an articulation with<br>concomitant dislocation of that joint.",""],["Fracture Dislocation",871,0.0,"D000072039","C26.404.026",1,"Description: Fracture of a bone near an articulation with<br>concomitant dislocation of that joint.",""],["Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy",83,0.0,"D000076984","C26.141.294",0,"Description: Perinatal nerve injury involving the BRACHIAL PLEXUS<br>involving a weak or paralyzed upper extremity.",""],["Ototoxicity",201,0.0,"D000081015","C26.733.650",0,"Description: Damage to the EAR or its function secondary to<br>exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Toxic Optic Neuropathy",20,0.0,"D000081028","C26.733.902",0,"Description: Damage to the eye or its function (e.g., VISUAL<br>IMPAIRMENT) due to OPTIC NERVE damage secondary to toxic<br>substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or<br>RADIATION.",""],["Myotoxicity",40,0.0,"D000081030","C26.733.411",0,"Description: Damage to the muscle or its function secondary to<br>toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Hyperthermia",123,0.0,"D000084462","C26.522.750",0,"Description: An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually<br>as a result of inability to regulate core body temperature due to<br>non-pathologic factors.",""],["Radiation Fibrosis Syndrome",1,0.0,"D000087525","C26.733.685",0,"Description: Radiation-induced fibrosis due to increased<br>production of FIBRIN. Its symptoms include CERVICAL DYSTONIA,<br>difficulty with speech and swallowing, swelling in the radiation<br>field and TRISMUS.",""],["Erythema Ab Igne",2,0.0,"D000089965","C26.200.413",0,"Description: A cutaneous finding caused by prolonged heat<br>exposure (e.g., space heater) and local heat injury (e.g., caused<br>by LASER THERAPY). It is characterized by epidermal atrophy,<br>reticular hyperpigmentation, and telangiectatic dermatosis.",""],["Aortic Rupture",8352,0.2,"D001019","C26.761.125",0,"Description: The tearing or bursting of the wall along any<br>portion of the AORTA, such as thoracic or abdominal. It may<br>result from the rupture of an aneurysm or it may be due to<br>TRAUMA.",""],["Spider Bites",1382,0.0,"D001098","C26.176.790",0,"Description: The effects, both local and systemic, caused by the<br>bites of SPIDERS.",""],["Bezoars",2584,0.1,"D001630","C26.392.183",0,"Description: Concretions of swallowed hair, fruit or vegetable<br>fibers, or similar substances found in the alimentary canal.",""],["Bites, Human",784,0.0,"D001734","C26.176.071",0,"Description: Bites inflicted by humans.",""],["Blast Injuries",4114,0.1,"D001753","C26.120.126",0,"Description: Injuries resulting when a person is struck by<br>particles impelled with violent force from an explosion. Blast<br>causes pulmonary concussion and hemorrhage, laceration of other<br>thoracic and abdominal viscera, ruptured ear drums, and minor<br>effects in the central nervous system. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Head Injuries, Closed",14121,0.4,"D016489","C26.974.382",3,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the cranium where the<br>integrity of the skull is not compromised and no bone fragments<br>or other objects penetrate the skull and DURA MATER. This<br>frequently results in mechanical injury being transmitted to<br>intracranial structures which may produce TRAUMATIC BRAIN<br>INJURIES, hemorrhage, or CRANIAL NERVE INJURIES. (From Rowland,<br>Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p417)",""],["Burns, Chemical",5418,0.1,"D002057","C26.200.156",0,"Description: Burns caused by contact with or exposure to CAUSTICS<br>or strong ACIDS.",""],["Burns, Electric",1902,0.0,"D002058","C26.200.239",0,"Description: Burns produced by contact with electric current or<br>from a sudden discharge of electricity.",""],["Burns, Electric",1902,0.0,"D002058","C26.324.323",0,"Description: Burns produced by contact with electric current or<br>from a sudden discharge of electricity.",""],["Burns, Inhalation",1946,0.1,"D002059","C26.200.322",1,"Description: Burns of the respiratory tract caused by heat or<br>inhaled chemicals.",""],["Cumulative Trauma Disorders",13930,0.4,"D012090","C26.844.150",4,"Description: Harmful and painful condition caused by overuse or<br>overexertion of some part of the musculoskeletal system, often<br>resulting from work-related physical activities. It is<br>characterized by inflammation, pain, or dysfunction of the<br>involved joints, bones, ligaments, and nerves.",""],["Frostbite",2294,0.1,"D005627","C26.212.500",1,"Description: Damage to tissues as the result of low environmental<br>temperatures.",""],["Chilblains",551,0.0,"D002647","C26.417.217",0,"Description: Recurrent localized itching, swelling and painful<br>erythema on the fingers, toes or ears, produced by exposure to<br>cold.",""],["Radius Fractures",10355,0.3,"D011885","C26.404.562",1,"Description: Fractures of the RADIUS.",""],["Tooth Fractures",4351,0.1,"D014082","C26.900.750",1,"Description: Break or rupture of a tooth or tooth root.",""],["Crush Syndrome",861,0.0,"D003444","C26.257.500",0,"Description: Severe systemic manifestation of trauma and ischemia<br>involving soft tissues, principally skeletal muscle, due to<br>prolonged severe crushing. It leads to increased permeability of<br>the cell membrane and to the release of potassium, enzymes, and<br>myoglobin from within cells. Ischemic renal dysfunction secondary<br>to hypotension and diminished renal perfusion results in acute<br>tubular necrosis and uremia.",""],["Crush Syndrome",861,0.0,"D003444","C26.797.240",0,"Description: Severe systemic manifestation of trauma and ischemia<br>involving soft tissues, principally skeletal muscle, due to<br>prolonged severe crushing. It leads to increased permeability of<br>the cell membrane and to the release of potassium, enzymes, and<br>myoglobin from within cells. Ischemic renal dysfunction secondary<br>to hypotension and diminished renal perfusion results in acute<br>tubular necrosis and uremia.",""],["Decompression Sickness",3132,0.1,"D003665","C26.120.248",0,"Description: A condition occurring as a result of exposure to a<br>rapid fall in ambient pressure. Gases, nitrogen in particular,<br>come out of solution and form bubbles in body fluid and blood.<br>These gas bubbles accumulate in joint spaces and the peripheral<br>circulation impairing tissue oxygenation causing disorientation,<br>severe pain, and potentially death.",""],["Eye Burns",2361,0.1,"D005126","C26.200.503",0,"Description: Injury to any part of the eye by extreme heat,<br>chemical agents, or ultraviolet radiation.",""],["Eye Foreign Bodies",3760,0.1,"D005129","C26.392.421",0,"Description: Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the eye.",""],["Femoral Fractures",41566,1.1,"D005264","C26.404.061",2,"Description: Fractures of the femur.",""],["Femoral Fractures",41566,1.1,"D005264","C26.558.276",2,"Description: Fractures of the femur.",""],["Hip Fractures",26233,0.7,"D006620","C26.531.750",1,"Description: Fractures of the FEMUR HEAD; the FEMUR NECK;<br>(FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES); the trochanters; or the inter- or<br>subtrochanteric region. Excludes fractures of the acetabulum and<br>fractures of the femoral shaft below the subtrochanteric region<br>(FEMORAL FRACTURES).",""],["Finger Injuries",8361,0.2,"D005383","C26.448.429",0,"Description: General or unspecified injuries involving the<br>fingers.",""],["Flail Chest",446,0.0,"D005409","C26.891.315",0,"Description: A complication of multiple RIB FRACTURES; RIB and<br>STERNUM fractures, or thoracic surgery. A portion of the THORACIC<br>WALL becomes isolated from the RIB CAGE and exhibits paradoxical<br>respiration.",""],["Forearm Injuries",14465,0.4,"D005543","C26.088.268",2,"Description: Injuries to the part of the upper limb of the body<br>between the wrist and elbow.",""],["Foreign-Body Migration",8282,0.2,"D005548","C26.392.500",2,"Description: Migration of a foreign body from its original<br>location to some other location in the body.",""],["Foreign-Body Reaction",5145,0.1,"D005549","C26.392.560",1,"Description: Chronic inflammation and granuloma formation around<br>irritating foreign bodies.",""],["Fractures, Closed",2499,0.1,"D005596","C26.404.124",0,"Description: Fractures in which the break in bone is not<br>accompanied by an external wound.",""],["Fractures, Open",4292,0.1,"D005597","C26.404.311",0,"Description: Fractures in which there is an external wound<br>communicating with the break of the bone.",""],["Fractures, Spontaneous",5004,0.1,"D005598","C26.404.374",0,"Description: Fractures occurring as a result of disease of a bone<br>or from some undiscoverable cause, and not due to trauma.<br>(Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Fractures, Ununited",8765,0.2,"D005599","C26.404.468",1,"Description: A fracture in which union fails to occur, the ends<br>of the bone becoming rounded and eburnated, and a false joint<br>occurs. (Stedman, 25th ed)",""],["Heat Exhaustion",1264,0.0,"D006359","C26.522.250",0,"Description: A clinical syndrome caused by heat stress, such as<br>over-exertion in a hot environment or excessive exposure to sun.<br>It is characterized by SWEATING, water (volume) depletion, salt<br>depletion, cool clammy skin, NAUSEA, and HEADACHE.",""],["Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic",1693,0.0,"D006549","C26.017.258",0,"Description: The type of DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA caused by TRAUMA or<br>injury, usually to the ABDOMEN.",""],["Hip Dislocation",6210,0.2,"D006617","C26.289.384",0,"Description: Displacement of the femur bone from its normal<br>position at the HIP JOINT.",""],["Hip Dislocation",6210,0.2,"D006617","C26.531.500",0,"Description: Displacement of the femur bone from its normal<br>position at the HIP JOINT.",""],["Humeral Fractures",7401,0.2,"D006810","C26.088.390",0,"Description: Fractures of the HUMERUS.",""],["Humeral Fractures",7401,0.2,"D006810","C26.404.500",0,"Description: Fractures of the HUMERUS.",""],["Insect Bites and Stings",4833,0.1,"D007299","C26.176.143",0,"Description: Bites and stings inflicted by insects.",""],["Skull Fractures",20353,0.5,"D012887","C26.404.750",7,"Description: Fractures of the skull which may result from<br>penetrating or nonpenetrating head injuries or rarely BONE<br>DISEASES (see also FRACTURES, SPONTANEOUS). Skull fractures may<br>be classified by location (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, BASILAR),<br>radiographic appearance (e.g., linear), or based upon cranial<br>integrity (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, DEPRESSED).",""],["Leukemia, Radiation-Induced",1773,0.0,"D007953","C26.733.345",0,"Description: Leukemia produced by exposure to IONIZING RADIATION<br>or NON-IONIZING RADIATION.",""],["Ulna Fractures",3388,0.1,"D014458","C26.404.937",1,"Description: Fractures of the larger bone of the forearm.",""],["Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced",13429,0.3,"D009381","C26.733.476",0,"Description: Tumors, cancer or other neoplasms produced by<br>exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.",""],["Osteoradionecrosis",1337,0.0,"D010025","C26.733.579",0,"Description: Necrosis of bone following radiation injury.",""],["Paralysis, Obstetric",566,0.0,"D010246","C26.141.587",0,"Description: Paralysis of an infant resulting from injury<br>received at birth. (From Dorland, 27th ed)",""],["Radiation Injuries, Experimental",11581,0.3,"D011833","C26.733.720",0,"Description: Experimentally produced harmful effects of ionizing<br>or non-ionizing RADIATION in CHORDATA animals.",""],["Radiodermatitis",1974,0.1,"D011855","C26.733.804",0,"Description: A cutaneous inflammatory reaction occurring as a<br>result of exposure to ionizing radiation.",""],["Rib Fractures",2568,0.1,"D012253","C26.404.593",0,"Description: Fractures of any of the RIBS.",""],["Rib Fractures",2568,0.1,"D012253","C26.891.733",0,"Description: Fractures of any of the RIBS.",""],["Shoulder Dislocation",5837,0.2,"D012783","C26.289.750",0,"Description: Displacement of the HUMERUS from the SCAPULA.",""],["Shoulder Dislocation",5837,0.2,"D012783","C26.803.125",0,"Description: Displacement of the HUMERUS from the SCAPULA.",""],["Snake Bites",5213,0.1,"D012909","C26.176.724",0,"Description: Bites by snakes. Bite by a venomous snake is<br>characterized by stinging pain at the wound puncture. The venom<br>injected at the site of the bite is capable of producing a<br>deleterious effect on the blood or on the nervous system.<br>(Webster's 3d ed; from Dorland, 27th ed, at snake, venomous)",""],["Spinal Cord Compression",8638,0.2,"D013117","C26.819.678",0,"Description: Acute and chronic conditions characterized by<br>external mechanical compression of the SPINAL CORD due to<br>extramedullary neoplasm; EPIDURAL ABSCESS; SPINAL FRACTURES; bony<br>deformities of the vertebral bodies; and other conditions.<br>Clinical manifestations vary with the anatomic site of the lesion<br>and may include localized pain, weakness, sensory loss,<br>incontinence, and impotence.",""],["Spinal Injuries",22281,0.6,"D013124","C26.117.500",1,"Description: Injuries involving the vertebral column.",""],["Splenic Rupture",3667,0.1,"D013161","C26.017.680",1,"Description: Rupture of the SPLEEN due to trauma or disease.",""],["Splenic Rupture",3667,0.1,"D013161","C26.761.555",1,"Description: Rupture of the SPLEEN due to trauma or disease.",""],["Stomach Rupture",915,0.0,"D013275","C26.017.809",0,"Description: Bursting of the STOMACH.",""],["Stomach Rupture",915,0.0,"D013275","C26.761.684",0,"Description: Bursting of the STOMACH.",""],["Sunburn",2000,0.1,"D013471","C26.200.855",0,"Description: An injury to the skin causing erythema, tenderness,<br>and sometimes blistering and resulting from excessive exposure to<br>the sun. The reaction is produced by the ultraviolet radiation in<br>sunlight.",""],["Heat Stroke",1541,0.0,"D018883","C26.522.500",1,"Description: A condition caused by the failure of body to<br>dissipate heat in an excessively hot environment or during<br>PHYSICAL EXERTION in a hot environment. Contrast to HEAT<br>EXHAUSTION, the body temperature in heat stroke patient is<br>dangerously high with red, hot skin accompanied by DELUSIONS;<br>CONVULSIONS; or COMA. It can be a life-threatening emergency and<br>is most common in infants and the elderly.",""],["Tennis Elbow",1760,0.0,"D013716","C26.088.890",0,"Description: A condition characterized by pain in or near the<br>lateral humeral epicondyle or in the forearm extensor muscle mass<br>as a result of unusual strain. It occurs due repetitive stresses<br>on the elbow from activities such as tennis playing.",""],["Tibial Fractures",14558,0.4,"D013978","C26.404.875",0,"Description: Fractures of the TIBIA.",""],["Tibial Fractures",14558,0.4,"D013978","C26.558.857",0,"Description: Fractures of the TIBIA.",""],["Tooth Avulsion",1627,0.0,"D014084","C26.900.725",0,"Description: Partial or complete displacement of a tooth from its<br>alveolar support. It is commonly the result of trauma. (From<br>Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p312)",""],["Uterine Rupture",4175,0.1,"D014597","C26.761.853",1,"Description: A complete separation or tear in the wall of the<br>UTERUS with or without expulsion of the FETUS. It may be due to<br>injuries, multiple pregnancies, large fetus, previous scarring,<br>or obstruction.",""],["Whiplash Injuries",3475,0.1,"D014911","C26.700.500",0,"Description: Hyperextension injury to the neck, often the result<br>of being struck from behind by a fast-moving vehicle, in an<br>automobile accident. (From Segen, The Dictionary of Modern<br>Medicine, 1992)",""],["Wounds, Gunshot",12786,0.3,"D014948","C26.986.900",0,"Description: Disruption of structural continuity of the body as a<br>result of the discharge of firearms.",""],["Wounds, Stab",6387,0.2,"D014951","C26.986.950",1,"Description: Penetrating wounds caused by a pointed object.",""],["Wrist Injuries",5732,0.1,"D014954","C26.088.906",0,"Description: Injuries to the wrist or the wrist joint.",""],["Lightning Injuries",534,0.0,"D015168","C26.324.550",0,"Description: Accidental injuries caused by brief high-voltage<br>electrical discharges during thunderstorms. Cardiopulmonary<br>arrest, coma and other neurologic symptoms, myocardial necrosis,<br>and dermal burns are common. Prompt treatment of the acute<br>sequelae, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation, is indicated<br>for survival.",""],["Near Drowning",771,0.0,"D015701","C26.304.500",0,"Description: Non-fatal immersion or submersion in water. The<br>subject is resuscitable.",""],["Fractures, Stress",3476,0.1,"D015775","C26.404.437",0,"Description: Fractures due to the strain caused by repetitive<br>exercise. They are thought to arise from a combination of MUSCLE<br>FATIGUE and bone failure, and occur in situations where BONE<br>REMODELING predominates over repair. The most common sites of<br>stress fractures are the METATARSUS; FIBULA; TIBIA; and FEMORAL<br>NECK.",""],["Eye Injuries, Penetrating",2533,0.1,"D015807","C26.986.450",0,"Description: Deeply perforating or puncturing type intraocular<br>injuries.",""],["Spinal Fractures",15119,0.4,"D016103","C26.404.812",0,"Description: Broken bones in the vertebral column.",""],["Ankle Injuries",9209,0.2,"D016512","C26.558.100",0,"Description: Harm or hurt to the ankle or ankle joint usually<br>inflicted by an external source.",""],["Radiation Pneumonitis",1255,0.0,"D017564","C26.733.762",0,"Description: Inflammation of the lung due to harmful effects of<br>ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.",""],["Fractures, Malunited",1392,0.0,"D017759","C26.404.249",0,"Description: Union of the fragments of a fractured bone in a<br>faulty or abnormal position. If two bones parallel to one another<br>unite by osseous tissue, the result is a crossunion. (From Manual<br>of Orthopaedic Terminology, 4th ed)",""],["Foot Injuries",3618,0.1,"D018409","C26.558.300",1,"Description: General or unspecified injuries involving the foot.",""],["Fractures, Comminuted",2029,0.1,"D018460","C26.404.186",0,"Description: A fracture in which the bone is splintered or<br>crushed into a number of pieces.",""],["Shoulder Impingement Syndrome",1714,0.0,"D019534","C26.803.500",0,"Description: Compression of the ROTATOR CUFF tendons and<br>subacromial bursa between the HUMERAL HEAD and the ACROMION of<br>the SCAPULA. This condition is associated with subacromial<br>BURSITIS, as well as rotator cuff (largely supraspinatus) and<br>bicipital tendon INFLAMMATION.",""],["Head Injuries, Penetrating",1101,0.0,"D020197","C26.986.500",0,"Description: Head injuries which feature compromise of the skull<br>and dura mater. These may result from gunshot wounds (WOUNDS,<br>GUNSHOT), stab wounds (WOUNDS, STAB), and other forms of trauma.",""],["Central Cord Syndrome",146,0.0,"D020210","C26.819.339",0,"Description: A syndrome associated with traumatic injury to the<br>cervical or upper thoracic regions of the spinal cord<br>characterized by weakness in the arms with relative sparing of<br>the legs and variable sensory loss. This condition is associated<br>with ischemia, hemorrhage, or necrosis involving the central<br>portions of the spinal cord. Corticospinal fibers destined for<br>the legs are spared due to their more external location in the<br>spinal cord. This clinical pattern may emerge during recovery<br>from spinal shock. Deficits may be transient or permanent.",""],["Cerebrovascular Trauma",7554,0.2,"D020214","C26.915.200",4,"Description: Penetrating and nonpenetrating traumatic injuries to<br>an extracranial or intracranial blood vessel that supplies the<br>brain. This includes the CAROTID ARTERIES; VERTEBRAL ARTERIES;<br>MENINGEAL ARTERIES; CEREBRAL ARTERIES; veins, and venous sinuses.",""],["Knee Dislocation",740,0.0,"D031221","C26.289.500",0,"Description: Slippage of the FEMUR off the TIBIA.",""],["Patellar Dislocation",1413,0.0,"D031222","C26.289.625",0,"Description: Displacement of the PATELLA from the femoral groove.",""],["Decapitation",145,0.0,"D049248","C26.986.224",0,"Description: Traumatic or experimentally induced separation of<br>the head from the body in an animal or human.",""],["Fractures, Compression",2612,0.1,"D050815","C26.404.195",0,"Description: Crumbling or smashing of cancellous BONE by forces<br>acting parallel to the long axis of bone. It is applied<br>particularly to vertebral body fractures (SPINAL FRACTURES).<br>(Blauvelt and Nelson, A Manual of Orthopedic Terminology, 1994,<br>p4)",""],["Acute Radiation Syndrome",444,0.0,"D054508","C26.733.188",0,"Description: A condition caused by a brief whole body exposure to<br>more than one sievert dose equivalent of radiation. Acute<br>radiation syndrome is initially characterized by ANOREXIA;<br>NAUSEA; VOMITING; but can progress to hematological,<br>gastrointestinal, neurological, pulmonary, and other major organ<br>dysfunction.",""],["Lung Injury",6430,0.2,"D055370","C26.891.554",0,"Description: Damage to any compartment of the lung caused by<br>physical, chemical, or biological agents which characteristically<br>elicit inflammatory reaction. These inflammatory reactions can<br>either be acute and dominated by NEUTROPHILS, or chronic and<br>dominated by LYMPHOCYTES and MACROPHAGES.",""],["Corpse Dismemberment",46,0.0,"D056146","C26.986.111",0,"Description: Disjoining the limbs or other parts of a corpse,<br>often in association with criminal acts.",""],["Periprosthetic Fractures",1409,0.0,"D057068","C26.404.550",0,"Description: Fractures around joint replacement prosthetics or<br>implants. They can occur intraoperatively or postoperatively.",""],["Intra-Articular Fractures",1428,0.0,"D057072","C26.404.505",0,"Description: Fractures of the articular surface of a bone.",""],["Conducted Energy Weapon Injuries",128,0.0,"D057667","C26.324.436",0,"Description: The injuries caused by conducted energy weapons such<br>as stun guns, shock batons, and cattle prods.",""],["Osteoporotic Fractures",6667,0.2,"D058866","C26.404.545",0,"Description: Breaks in bones resulting from low bone mass and<br>microarchitectural deterioration characteristic of OSTEOPOROSIS.",""],["Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome",78,0.0,"D058923","C26.558.705",0,"Description: SKELETAL MUSCLE pain and tenderness along the<br>posteromedial TIBIA resulting from exercise such as running and<br>other physical activity.",""],["Peripheral Nerve Injuries",5843,0.2,"D059348","C26.915.650",0,"Description: Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.",""],["Ankle Fractures",2325,0.1,"D064386","C26.404.014",0,"Description: Fractures of any of the bones of the ANKLE.",""],["Tick Bites",366,0.0,"D064927","C26.176.793",0,"Description: The effects, both local and systemic, caused by the<br>bites of TICKS.",""],["Scorpion Stings",828,0.0,"D065008","C26.176.443",0,"Description: The effects, both local and systemic, caused by the<br>bite of SCORPIONS.",""],["Cardiotoxicity",1826,0.0,"D066126","C26.733.266",0,"Description: Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to<br>exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY;<br>IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.",""],["Abdominal Injuries",18723,0.5,"D000007","C26.017",4,"Description: General or unspecified injuries involving organs in<br>the abdominal cavity.",""],["Radiation Injuries",61855,1.6,"D011832","C26.733",13,"Description: Harmful effects of non-experimental exposure to<br>ionizing or non-ionizing radiation in VERTEBRATES.",""],["Cold Injury",2355,0.1,"D000067390","C26.212",2,"Description: A physical injury caused by exposure of the body to<br>extremely low ambient temperatures that may lead to loss of body<br>parts, or in extreme cases, death. Examples of cold injury are<br>FROSTBITE and CHILBLAINS.",""],["War-Related Injuries",469,0.0,"D000067398","C26.946",0,"Description: WOUNDS and INJURIES and PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA<br>sustained during WAR.",""],["Fractures, Bone",218350,5.6,"D050723","C26.404",38,"Description: Breaks in bones.",""],["Multiple Trauma",10466,0.3,"D009104","C26.640",1,"Description: Multiple physical insults or injuries occurring<br>simultaneously.",""],["Soft Tissue Injuries",4686,0.1,"D017695","C26.808",1,"Description: Injuries of tissue other than bone. The concept is<br>usually general and does not customarily refer to internal organs<br>or viscera. It is meaningful with reference to regions or organs<br>where soft tissue (muscle, fat, skin) should be differentiated<br>from bones or bone tissue, as \"soft tissue injuries of the hand\".",""],["Leg Injuries",106349,2.7,"D007869","C26.558",14,"Description: General or unspecified injuries involving the leg.",""],["Shoulder Injuries",19965,0.5,"D000070599","C26.803",5,"Description: Injuries involving the SHOULDERS and SHOULDER JOINT.",""],["Microtrauma, Physical",2,0.0,"D000070617","C26.599",0,"Description: Small injuries caused by external force applied to<br>the body including bones, muscles, nerves and tendons.",""],["Trauma, Nervous System",201923,5.2,"D020196","C26.915",75,"Description: Traumatic injuries to the brain, cranial nerves,<br>spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, or neuromuscular system,<br>including iatrogenic injuries induced by surgical procedures.",""],["Wounds, Nonpenetrating",36902,1.0,"D014949","C26.974",8,"Description: Injuries caused by impact with a blunt object where<br>there is no penetration of the skin.",""],["Joint Dislocations",36168,0.9,"D004204","C26.289",11,"Description: Displacement of bones from their normal positions at<br>a joint.",""],["Rupture",23984,0.6,"D012421","C26.761",7,"Description: Forcible or traumatic tear or break of an organ or<br>other soft part of the body.",""],["Tendon Injuries",26461,0.7,"D013708","C26.874",5,"Description: Injuries to the fibrous cords of connective tissue<br>which attach muscles to bones or other structures.",""],["Crush Injuries",1056,0.0,"D000071576","C26.257",1,"Description: Excessive compression of parts of the body that<br>causes muscle swelling, fracture, and/or neurological<br>disturbances in the affected areas. Crush injury with systemic<br>manifestations is referred to as CRUSH SYNDROME.",""],["Thoracic Injuries",27232,0.7,"D013898","C26.891",6,"Description: General or unspecified injuries to the chest area.",""],["Surgical Wound",998,0.0,"D000072836","C26.859",0,"Description: An incision made during a surgical procedure.",""],["Birth Injuries",4186,0.1,"D001720","C26.141",2,"Description: Mechanical or anoxic trauma incurred by the infant<br>during labor or delivery.",""],["Accidental Injuries",171,0.0,"D000081084","C26.040",0,"Description: Injuries resulting from events or circumstances that<br>are unforeseen, unplanned, unanticipated, and without<br>premeditation.",""],["Reinjuries",52,0.0,"D000083102","C26.741",0,"Description: Damage inflicted on the same body part as a previous<br>injury.",""],["Heat Stress Disorders",6020,0.2,"D018882","C26.522",4,"Description: A group of conditions that develop due to<br>overexposure or overexertion in excessive environmental heat.",""],["Burns",56943,1.5,"D002056","C26.200",7,"Description: Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat,<br>steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS,<br>ELECTRIC), or the like.",""],["Amputation, Traumatic",3744,0.1,"D000673","C26.062",0,"Description: Loss of a limb or other bodily appendage by<br>accidental injury.",""],["Bites and Stings",19615,0.5,"D001733","C26.176",6,"Description: Injuries inflicted by the TEETH or poisoning caused<br>by VENOMS of animals.",""],["Arm Injuries",33846,0.9,"D001134","C26.088",6,"Description: General or unspecified injuries involving the UPPER<br>ARM and the FOREARM.",""],["Asphyxia",4564,0.1,"D001237","C26.103",0,"Description: A pathological condition caused by lack of oxygen,<br>manifested in impending or actual cessation of life.",""],["Athletic Injuries",26059,0.7,"D001265","C26.115",0,"Description: Injuries incurred during participation in<br>competitive or non-competitive sports.",""],["Barotrauma",8460,0.2,"D001469","C26.120",2,"Description: Injury following pressure changes; includes injury<br>to the eustachian tube, ear drum, lung and stomach.",""],["Foreign Bodies",47986,1.2,"D005547","C26.392",7,"Description: Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the body.",""],["Electric Injuries",5145,0.1,"D004556","C26.324",3,"Description: Injuries caused by electric currents. The concept<br>excludes electric burns (BURNS, ELECTRIC), but includes<br>accidental electrocution and electric shock.",""],["Sprains and Strains",17879,0.5,"D013180","C26.844",5,"Description: A collective term for muscle and ligament injuries<br>without dislocation or fracture. A sprain is a joint injury in<br>which some of the fibers of a supporting ligament are ruptured<br>but the continuity of the ligament remains intact. A strain is an<br>overstretching or overexertion of some part of the musculature.",""],["Frostbite",2294,0.1,"D005627","C26.417",1,"Description: Damage to tissues as the result of low environmental<br>temperatures.",""],["Tooth Injuries",8424,0.2,"D018677","C26.900",3,"Description: Traumatic or other damage to teeth including<br>fractures (TOOTH FRACTURES) or displacements (TOOTH LUXATION).",""],["Shock, Traumatic",3942,0.1,"D012774","C26.797",1,"Description: Shock produced as a result of trauma.",""],["Drowning",3499,0.1,"D004332","C26.304",1,"Description: Death that occurs as a result of anoxia or heart<br>arrest, associated with immersion in liquid.",""],["Esophageal Perforation",3587,0.1,"D004939","C26.348",0,"Description: An opening or hole in the ESOPHAGUS that is caused<br>by TRAUMA, injury, or pathological process.",""],["Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials",2155,0.1,"D005119","C26.371",0,"Description: The escape of diagnostic or therapeutic material<br>from the vessel into which it is introduced into the surrounding<br>tissue or body cavity.",""],["Hip Injuries",34155,0.9,"D025981","C26.531",3,"Description: General or unspecified injuries involving the hip.",""],["Hand Injuries",17526,0.5,"D006230","C26.448",1,"Description: General or unspecified injuries to the hand.",""],["Retropneumoperitoneum",503,0.0,"D012188","C26.748",0,"Description: Pathological or accidental introduction of air into<br>the retroperitoneal space.",""],["Self Mutilation",2385,0.1,"D012652","C26.780",0,"Description: The act of injuring one's own body to the extent of<br>cutting off or permanently destroying a limb or other essential<br>part of a body.",""],["Spinal Cord Injuries",50200,1.3,"D013119","C26.819",2,"Description: Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the<br>spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g.,<br>WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).",""],["Back Injuries",23393,0.6,"D019567","C26.117",2,"Description: General or unspecified injuries to the posterior<br>part of the trunk. It includes injuries to the muscles of the<br>back.",""],["Neck Injuries",7451,0.2,"D019838","C26.700",1,"Description: General or unspecified injuries to the neck. It<br>includes injuries to the skin, muscles, and other soft tissues of<br>the neck.",""],["Wounds, Penetrating",32891,0.9,"D014950","C26.986",7,"Description: Wounds caused by objects penetrating the skin.",""],["Tympanic Membrane Perforation",1527,0.0,"D018058","C26.930",0,"Description: A temporary or persistent opening in the eardrum<br>(TYMPANIC MEMBRANE). Clinical signs depend on the size, location,<br>and associated pathological condition.",""],["Lacerations",2729,0.1,"D022125","C26.540",0,"Description: Torn, ragged, mangled wounds.",""],["Fractures, Cartilage",602,0.0,"D050724","C26.411",0,"Description: Breaks in CARTILAGE.",""],["Contrecoup Injury",14,0.0,"D056886","C26.224",0,"Description: An injury in which the damage is located on the<br>opposite side of the primary impact site. A blow to the back of<br>head which results in contrecoup injury to the frontal lobes of<br>the brain is the most common type.",""],["Vascular System Injuries",3474,0.1,"D057772","C26.940",0,"Description: Injuries to blood vessels caused by laceration,<br>contusion, puncture, or crush and other types of injuries.<br>Symptoms vary by site and mode of injuries and may include<br>bleeding, bruising, swelling, pain, and numbness. It does not<br>include injuries secondary to pathologic function or diseases<br>such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS.",""],["Occupational Injuries",2962,0.1,"D060051","C26.716",0,"Description: Injuries sustained from incidents in the course of<br>work-related activities.",""],["Nasal Septal Perforation",241,0.0,"D061270","C26.670",0,"Description: An opening or hole in the NASAL SEPTUM that is<br>caused by TRAUMA, injury, drug use, or pathological process.",""],["Wounds and Injuries",1302623,33.7,"D014947","C26",308,"Description: Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or<br>indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption<br>of structural continuity.",""]],"hovertemplate":"%{customdata[0]}: <b>%{customdata[1]}</b> (%{customdata[2]}%)<br>--<br>MeSH-ID: %{customdata[3]}<br>Tree ID: %{customdata[4]}<br>Children: 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