Human ancestry ontology for the NHGRI GWAS Catalog
obsolete hasEthnicPopulation
hasAncestryStatus
hasCountryOfOrigin
hasDemonym
isDemonymOf
Any geographic area greater than an individual country but smaller than a continent, used as a convenience reference. Please note that most geographic areas may not be formally defined and exact boundaries can be debatable.
A collective generic term that refers here to a wide variety of dependencies, areas of special sovereignty, uninhabited islands, and other entities in addition to the traditional countries or independent states.
Population category defined using ancestry informative markers (AIMs) based on genetic/genomic data
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as European, Caucasian, White or one of the sub-populations from this region (e.g Dutch). This category also includes individuals who genetically cluster with reference populations from this region, for example 1000 Genomes and/or HapMap CEU, FIN, GBR, IBS and TSI populations.
It should be noted that the synonym "Caucasian", while widely used in some part of the world, has strong associations with notions of white supremancy and should be avoided whenever possible.
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as South Asian or one of the sub-populations from this region (e.g Asian Indian). This category also includes individuals who genetically cluster with reference populations from this region, for example 1000 Genomes and/or HapMap BEB, GIH, ITU, PJL and STU populations.
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as South East Asian or one of the sub-populations from this region (e.g Vietnamese). This category also includes includes individuals who genetically cluster with reference populations from this region, for example 1000 Genomes KHV population. We note that East Asian and South East Asian populations are often conflated. However, recent studies indicate a unique genetic background for South East Asian populations.
Includes individuals that either self-report or have been described as Asian but there was not sufficient information to allow classification as East Asian, Central Asian, South Asian or South-East Asian.
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as East Asian or one of the sub-populations from this region (e.g Chinese). This category also includes individuals who genetically cluster with reference populations from this region, for example 1000 Genomes and/or HapMap CDX, CHB, CHS and JPT populations.
Includes individuals that either self-report or have been described as African, but there was not sufficient information to allow classification as African American, AfroCaribbean or Sub-Saharan African.
African unspecified
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as SubSaharan African or one of the subpopulations from this region (e.g. Yoruban). This category also includes individuals who genetically cluster with reference populations from this region for example 1000 Genomes and/or HapMap ESN, LWK, GWD, MSL, MKK and YRI populations.
Includes indigenous individuals of North, Central and South America, descended from the original human migration into the Americas from Siberia. We note that there does not appear to be a suitable reference population for this category and efforts are required to fill this gap.
Class previously labelled as "Native American". Use of this term, alongside other terms such as "First Nations", should be discontinued in favour of the more appropriate "Indigenous American", which includes indigenous communities across the Americas while the former serve as political designations in the USA and Canada, respectively.
Indigenous American ancestry
Includes individuals who either self-report or are described by authors as Hispanic, Latino, Latin American or one of the sub-populations from this region. This category includes individuals with known admixture of primarily European, African and Native American ancestries, though some may have also a degree of Asian (e.g. Peru). We also note that the levels of admixture vary depending on the country, with Caribbean countries carrying higher levels of African admixture when compared to South American countries, for example. This category also includes individuals who genetically cluster with reference populations from this region, for example 1000 Genomes and/or HapMap CLM, MXL, PEL and PUR populations
Synonyms include historical and contemporary terms in use in parts of Canada, Alaska and USA by some Indigenous populations, local and national governmental institutions
Includes individuals who self-report or were described by authors as Middle Eastern, North African, Persian or one of the subpopulations from this region (e.g. Saudi Arabian). We note there is heterogeneity in this category with different degrees of admixture as well as levels of genetic isolation. We note that there does not appear to be a suitable reference population for this category and efforts are required to fill this gap.
Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern or North African or Persian)
Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern or North African or Persian) ancestry
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as African American or Afro-Caribbean. This category also includes individuals who genetically cluster with reference populations from this region, for example 1000 Genomes and/or HapMap ACB or ASW populations. We note that there is likely to be significant admixture with European ancestry populations.
African American or Afro-Caribbean ancestry
Includes individuals that either self-report or have been described by authors as Oceanian or one of the sub-populations from this region (e.g. Native Hawaiian). We note that there does not appear to be a suitable reference population for this category and efforts are required to fill this gap.
A population for which specific ancestry information is known but that does not fall into any of the defined ancestry categories
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Han people, an East Asian ethnic group native to Greater China.
obsolete Latin America and the Caribbean
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as Central Asian. We note that there does not appear to be a suitable reference population for this population and efforts are required to fill this gap.
Central Asian ancestry
A population with increased genetic homogeneity and reduced genetic variation due to cultural or geographic isolation
genetically isolated population
General characterisation of the ancestry of a population or individual
ancestry status
Ancestry that is the result of cultural or geographic isolation. Generally characterised by increased genetic homogeneity and reduced genetic variation
genetically isolated ancestry
Ancestry which is an admixture of more than one defined ancestral population. The degree and type of admixture may vary within a population and the accuracy of classification requires well-defined reference samples
admixed ancestry
Italian
Sardinian
Val Borbera
Friuli Venezia Giulia
Carlantino
Old Order Amish
Sorb
Hutterite
Amish
Erasmus Rucphen
Orcadian
Korčulan
Dutch
Finnish
Finnish founder
Dutch founder
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a Jewish diaspora population with an admixture of European and Middle Eastern ancestry
obsolete_Caribbean
Sudanese
obsolete Sahrawi
Anguillan
Antiguan or Barbudan
Barbadian
Haitian
Jamaican
Tajikistani
Turkmen
Uzbekistani
Afghan
Kazakhstani
Kyrgyzstani
Albanian
Andorran
Australian
Austrian
Belarusian
Belgian
Bermudian
Bosnian or Herzegovinian
Brazilian
Bulgarian
Canadian
Channel Islander
Chilean
Croatian
Czech
Danish
Estonian
Faroese
Falkland Islander
French
German
Gibraltarian
Greek
Greenlander
Hungarian
Icelandic
Manx
Latvian
Liechtensteiner
Lithuanian
Luxembourgish
Maltese
Monegasque
Montenegrin
New Zealander
Norfolk Islander
Norwegian
Polish
Portugese
Irish
Moldovan
Romanian
Russian
Saint-Pierrais or Miquelonnais
Sammarinese
Serb
Slovak
Slovene
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as living in or originating from Spain.
Swedish
Swiss
Macedonian
Ukrainian
Argentine
Bahamian
Belizean
Bolivian
British Virgin Islander
Caymanian
Colombian
Costa Rican
Cuban
Dominican
Ecuadorian
Salvadoran
French Guianese
Grenadian
Guatemalan
Guyanese
Honduran
Martinican
Mexican
Montserratian
Nicaraguan
Panamanian
Paraguayan
Peruvian
Puerto Rican
Kittitian or Nevisian
Saint Lucian
Saint Vincentian
Surinamese
Trinidadian or Tobagonian
Turks and Caicos Islander
Virgin Islander
Uruguayan
Venezuelan
Algerian
Armenian
Azerbaijani
Bahraini
Cypriote
obsolete Egyptian
Georgian
Iranian
Iraqi
Israeli
Jordanian
Kuwaiti
Lebanese
Libyan
Moroccan
Palestinian
Omani
Qatari
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as living in or originating from Saudi Arabia.
Tunisian
Turkish
Emirati
Yemeni
Aruban
Christmas Islander
Cocos Islander
Curacaoan
Kosovar
Northern Mariana Islander
South Sudanese
Syrian
British
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as being citizens of the United States of America.
This term should be used exclusively to refer to citizenship, without any inference of individuals' ethnic, linguistic, religious or other cultural background.
American
American Samoan
Cook Islander
Fijian
French Polynesian
Guamanian
I-Kiribati
Marshallese
Micronesian
Nauruan
New Caledonian
Niuean
Palauan
Papua New Guinean
Pitcairn Islander
Samoan
Solomon Islander
Tokelauan
Tongan
Tuvaluan
Ni-Vanuato
Wallis and Futuna Islander
Bangladeshi
Bhutanese
Indian
Maldivian
Nepalese
Pakistani
Sri Lankan
Bruneian
Cambodian
Indonesian
Lao
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as living in or originating from Malaysia.
Burmese
Filipino
Thai
Timorese
Vietnamese
Cameroonian
Cape Verdean
Chadian
Ethiopian
Kenyan
Liberian
obsolete Malagasy
Mauritanian
Mauritian
Mahoran
Namibian
Sao Tomean
Senegalese
obsolete Seychellois
Sierra Leonean
obsolete Somali
South African
St. Helenian
Ugandan
Angolan
Beninese
Motswana
Burkinabe
Burundian
obsolete Central African
Comoran
Congolese
Ivoirian
Djiboutian
Equatorial Guinean
Eritrean
Gabonese
Gambian
Ghanaian
Guinean
Bissau-Guinean
Mosotho
Malawian
Malian
Mozambican
Nigerien
Nigerian
Rwandan
obsolete Swazi
Togolese
Tanzanian
Zambian
Zimbabweian
genetically homogenous Irish
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as Australian Aboriginal. These are expected to be descendents of early human migration into Australia from Eastern Asia and can be distinguished from other Asian populations by mtDNA and Y chromosome variation.
Includes native populations of Alaska, Siberia, and the Aleutian Archipelago. This category does not include all native populations within the Arctic circle for example the Finnish Saami who are descended from Europeans and are therefore included within the European ancestry category.
Individuals who have at least six great-grandparents born in the Central Valley of Costa Rica, to ensure descent from the founder population, composed primarily of Europeans and Native Americans
Population for which insufficient information is available to allocate it to a specific ancestral group or which contain individuals from a range of known ancestry categories, eg American
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as Afro-Caribbean. Term used by some communities to describe themselves and some US and UK government and other institutions on official forms used to collect demographic information.
It should be noted that the synonyms for this term represent the commonly used Spanish and Portugese translations of the primary label.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as African American. Term used by some communities to describe themselves and some US government and other institutions on official forms used to collect demographic information.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a group of indigenous Americans living in an area consisting of what is now central and southern Arizona, as well as northwestern Mexico in the states of Sonora and Chihuahua. The majority population of the two current bands of the Akimel O'odham in the United States are based in two reservations: the Keli Akimel Oʼodham on the Gila River Indian Community (GRIC) and the On'k Akimel O'odham on the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community (SRPMIC).
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the indigenous peoples who have historically lived on the Interior Plains (the Great Plains and Canadian Prairies) of North America
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as Aboriginal Australian of Martu ancestry. The Martu Australian Aboriginal people are from the Western Desert region located across the Pilbara in Western Australia
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as European American. Term used by some communities to describe themselves and some US and UK government and other institutions on official forms used to collect demographic information.
The Esan people are one of the major ethnic groups in Edo State, Nigeria who speak the Esan language. (PMID:10146569) Samples from this population were studied as part of the full 1000 Genomes project (https://www.coriell.org/1/NHGRI/Collections/1000-Genomes-Collections/Esan-in-Nigeria-ESN)
obsolete Esan
The Luhya are the second-largest ethnic group in Kenya and are comprised of subgroups that speak a common Bantu language. (PMID: 27813082) The Luhya ancestry group was assembled as part of phase III of the HapMap project and used in a number of rare variant density studies (PMID:22373165, PMID:26673965)
obsolete Luhya
The Maasai are an indigenous African ethnic group of semi-nomadic people located in northern Tanzania and Kenya. (PMID:29868928) The Maasai ancestry group was assembled as part of phase III of the HapMap project and used as reference in a range of population genetic studies (PMID:28049708).
obsolete Maasai
The Mende people are one of the largest ethnic groups in Sierra Leone who speak a language of the Mande branch of the Niger-Congo family. (PMID:15761855) Samples from this population were studied as part of the full 1000 Genomes project (https://www.coriell.org/1/NHGRI/Collections/1000-Genomes-Collections/Mende-in-Sierra-Leone-MSL)
obsolete Mende
Native people residing in the Arctic of Alaska, northern Canada, Greenland, or eastern Siberia
Class previously labelled as "Eskimo", which is outdated and culturally inappropriate. Outdated label may be added as an appropriately flagged synonym at a later stage.
Includes individuals with ethnic origins in the Semitic people populating the Arabian Peninsula and other countries in the Middle East and Northern Africa
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as Singaporean Malay.
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as Singaporean Indian.
An ethnicity descriptor is descriptor that qualifies a population term as relating to a social, cultural, reglious or tribal group
ethnicity descriptor
A geographic descriptor is descriptor that qualifies a population term as relating to a geographic location
geographic descriptor
Population category defined in terms of cultural, religious, tribal or other social similarities, excluding geography-based descriptors
ethnicity category
Population category defined in relation to a geographic location. Geography-based population descriptors include most nationalities but the classification goes beyond nationalities, since geography-based groups can also include regional groups at sub-national (e.g. Welsh or Scottish) or supra-national level (e.g. Western European).
geography-based population category
Includes indigenous individuals of North and Central America, descended from the original human migration into the Americas from Siberia.
Includes indigenous individuals of Central and South America, descended from the original human migration into the Americas from Siberia.
Synonyms include terms typically refers to Indigenous Americans in Mexico, Central and South Lain America and is the preferred general term by these groups. Indio is an outdated and possibly offensive term that is outdated and should be avoided.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as being of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin. It should be noted that "Hispanic" is considered entirely as an ethnicity or cultural descriptor and is not associated with any specific genetic reference population. Synonyms include tersm used by some communities to describe themselves and some North and South American government and other institutions on official forms used to collect demographic information.
Synonyms include historical and contemporary terms in use in parts of Canada, Alaska and USA by some Indigenous populations, local and national governmental institutions.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a group of indigenous people of Mexico inhabiting the central Mexican Plateau (Altiplano) region.
Otomi
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Mayan ethnolinguistic group of indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica.
Maya
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Zapotec ethnolinguistic group of indigenous people of Mexico. The Zapotec population is concentrated in the southern state of Oaxaca, but Zapotec communities also exist in neighboring states
Zapoteco
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Mazatecan ethnolinguistic group of indigenous peoples in the area known as the Sierra Mazateca, which is in the northern part of the state of Oaxaca in southern Mexico, as well as in adjacent areas of the states of Puebla and Veracruz
Mazateco
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a group of indigenous people of the Americas living in the state of Chihuahua in Mexico
Rarámuri
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a group of the indigenous people of Mexico, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua
Nahua
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to indigenous Mesoamerican peoples of Mexico inhabiting the region known as La Mixteca of Oaxaca and Puebla as well as La Montaña Region and Costa Chica Regions of the state of Guerrero
Mixteco
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Wayúu indigenous people of the Guajira Peninsula in northernmost part of Colombia and northwest Venezuela.
Wayúu
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to an Arawakan ethnolinguistic group in Colombia and Venezuela
Piapoco
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a group of indigenous people native to the Nariño region of southern Colombia and neighbouring Equador
Pastos
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a group of indigenous people of South America who speak the Quechua languages. Although most Quechua speakers are native to Peru, there are some significant populations in Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, and Argentina
Quechua
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a group of indigenous people in the Andes and Altiplano regions of South America; about 2.3 million live in northwest Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru.
Aymara
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a group of South American indigenous people native to the Chilean Norte Chico and the Argentine Northwest.
Diaguita
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a group of indigenous people of present-day south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina, including parts of present-day Patagonia
Mapuche
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to a group of culturally-related indigenous peoples of South America, living primarily in present-day Paraguay between the Paraná River and lower Paraguay River, the Misiones Province of Argentina, southern Brazil as far east as Rio de Janeiro, and parts of Uruguay and Bolivia.
Guaraní
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to an indigenous people of Brazil, who now live in three indigenous territories (Terras Indígenas in Portuguese), Caieiras Velhas, Pau-Brasil and Comboiosare, located near the cities of Santa Cruz and Vila do Riacho in the municipality of Aracruz in northern Espírito Santo state, southeastern Brazil.
Tupiniquim
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to an Chibchan-speaking indigenous people of Colombia, descended from the Tairona culture, concentrated in northern Colombia in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
Ica
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to an indigenous people living in the rainforests of Peru and in the State of Acre, Brazil. Their ancestral lands are in the forests of Junín, Pasco, Huánuco and part of Ucayali in Peru.
Asháninka
A population made of individuals from whom samples were collected as part of a project such as the 1000 Genomes Project or the Human Genome Diversity Project (HDGP) in order to establish a comprehensive overview of human genetic diversity. Sample sizes for these reference populations vary from 1-3 to 100s of individuals but all individuals in a population will have been sampled in the same location. Each population is allocated to a continental or sub-continental superpopulation such as European or African. Subsets of samples from a reference population may have been used in multiple different analyses.
A population made up of 10 samples from Bantu individuals recruited in Kenya as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 4 samples from Bantu individuals recruited in South Africa as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 24 samples from Biaka individuals recruited in Central African Republic as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
Biaka in Central African Republic (HGDP)
A population made up of 20 samples from Mandenka individuals recruited in Senegal as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 13 samples from Mbuti individuals recruited in Democratic Republic of Congo as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African. Samples from this population were used in data collections for HGDP Transcriptome.
Mbuti in Democratic Republic of Congo (HGDP)
A population made up of 4 samples from San individuals recruited in Namibia as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 18 samples from Yoruba individuals recruited in Nigeria as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 2 samples from Bantu Herero individuals recruited in Botswana Or Namibia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
Bantu Herero in Botswana Or Namibia (SGDP)
A population made up of 2 samples from Bantu Kenya individuals recruited in Kenya as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 2 samples from Bantu Tswana individuals recruited in Botswana Or Namibia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
Bantu Tswana in Botswana Or Namibia (SGDP)
A population made up of 2 samples from Biaka individuals recruited in Central African Republic as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
Biaka in Central African Republic (SGDP)
A population made up of 3 samples from Dinka individuals recruited in Sudan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 2 samples from Esan individuals recruited in Nigeria as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 2 samples from Gambian individuals recruited in Gambia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 4 samples from Ju|'hoan North individuals recruited in Namibia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 2 samples from Khomani San individuals recruited in South Africa as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 2 samples from Luhya individuals recruited in Kenya as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 2 samples from Luo individuals recruited in Kenya as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 3 samples from Mandenka individuals recruited in Senegal as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 3 samples from Masai individuals recruited in Kenya as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 4 samples from Mbuti individuals recruited in Congo as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 2 samples from Mende individuals recruited in Sierra Leone as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 2 samples from Mozabite individuals recruited in Algeria as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 2 samples from Saharawi individuals recruited in Western Sahara (Morocco) as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
Saharawi in Western Sahara (Morocco) (SGDP)
A population made up of 1 samples from Somali individuals recruited in Kenya as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 3 samples from Yoruba individuals recruited in Nigeria as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 113 samples from African Ancestry individuals recruited in Southwest US as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 123 samples from African Caribbean individuals recruited in Barbados as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 173 samples from Esan individuals recruited in Nigeria as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 100 samples from Fula individuals recruited in Western Division, The Gambia as part of the Gambian Genome Variation Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
Gambian in Western Division, The Gambia - Fula (GGVP)
A population made up of 100 samples from Jola individuals recruited in Western Division, The Gambia as part of the Gambian Genome Variation Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
Gambian in Western Division, The Gambia - Jola (GGVP)
A population made up of 280 samples from Mandinka individuals recruited in Western Division, The Gambia as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
Gambian in Western Division, The Gambia - Mandinka (GGVP)
A population made up of 100 samples from Wolof individuals recruited in Western Division, The Gambia as part of the Gambian Genome Variation Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
Gambian in Western Division, The Gambia - Wolof (GGVP)
A population made up of 117 samples from Luhya individuals recruited in Webuye, Kenya as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 129 samples from Mende individuals recruited in Sierra Leone as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 187 samples from Yoruba individuals recruited in Ibadan, Nigeria as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation African.
A population made up of 5 samples from Colombian individuals recruited in Colombia as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 9 samples from Karitiana individuals recruited in Brazil as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 21 samples from Maya individuals recruited in Mexico as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 12 samples from Pima individuals recruited in Mexico as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 6 samples from Surui individuals recruited in Brazil as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 1 samples from Chane individuals recruited in Argentina as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 3 samples from Karitiana individuals recruited in Brazil as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 2 samples from Mayan individuals recruited in Mexico as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 3 samples from Mixe individuals recruited in Mexico as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 2 samples from Mixtec individuals recruited in Mexico as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 2 samples from Piapoco individuals recruited in Colombia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 2 samples from Pima individuals recruited in Mexico as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 3 samples from Quechua individuals recruited in Peru as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 2 samples from Surui individuals recruited in Brazil as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 2 samples from Zapotec individuals recruited in Mexico as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 148 samples from Colombian individuals recruited in Medellin, Colombia as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 107 samples from Mexican Ancestry individuals recruited in Los Angeles, California as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
Mexican Ancestry in Los Angeles, California (1KGP)
A population made up of 130 samples from Peruvian individuals recruited in Lima, Peru as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 150 samples from Puerto Rican individuals recruited in Puerto Rico as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Latin or Admixed American.
A population made up of 2 samples from Aleut individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Altaian individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Chukchi individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Eskimo Chaplin individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Eskimo Naukan individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Eskimo Sireniki individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 3 samples from Even individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Itelman individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Kyrgyz individuals recruited in Kyrgyzystan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Mansi individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Mongola individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Tlingit individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Tubalar individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Ulchi individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Yakut individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central Asian and Siberian.
A population made up of 22 samples from Balochi individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central South Asian.
A population made up of 23 samples from Brahui individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central South Asian.
A population made up of 22 samples from Burusho individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central South Asian.
A population made up of 18 samples from Hazara individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central South Asian.
A population made up of 21 samples from Kalash individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central South Asian.
A population made up of 23 samples from Makrani individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central South Asian.
A population made up of 23 samples from Pathan individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central South Asian.
A population made up of 22 samples from Sindhi individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central South Asian.
A population made up of 8 samples from Uygur individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Central South Asian.
A population made up of 9 samples from Cambodian individuals recruited in Cambodia as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 5 samples from Dai individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 9 samples from Daur individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 30 samples from Han individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 7 samples from Hezhen individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 27 samples from Japanese individuals recruited in Japan as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 6 samples from Lahu individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 8 samples from Miao individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 8 samples from Mongolian individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 6 samples from Naxi individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 10 samples from Northern Han individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 7 samples from Oroqen individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 8 samples from She individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 8 samples from Tu individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 8 samples from Tujia individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 7 samples from Xibo individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 23 samples from Yakut individuals recruited in Siberia as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 8 samples from Yi individuals recruited in China as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Ami individuals recruited in Taiwan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Atayal individuals recruited in Taiwan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Burmese individuals recruited in Myanmar as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Cambodian individuals recruited in Cambodia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 4 samples from Dai individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Daur individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 3 samples from Han individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Hezhen individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 3 samples from Japanese individuals recruited in Japan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Kinh individuals recruited in Vietnam as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Korean individuals recruited in Korea as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Lahu individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Miao individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 3 samples from Naxi individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Oroqen individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from She individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Thai individuals recruited in Thailand as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Tu individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Tujia individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Uygur individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Xibo individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Yi individuals recruited in China as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 109 samples from Chinese Dai individuals recruited in Xishuangbanna, China as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
Chinese Dai in Xishuangbanna, China (1KGP)
A population made up of 112 samples from Han Chinese individuals recruited in Beijing, China as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 105 samples from Japanese individuals recruited in Tokyo, Japan as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 124 samples from Kinh individuals recruited in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
Kinh in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (1KGP)
A population made up of 171 samples from Han Chinese South individuals recruited in China as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation East Asian.
A population made up of 15 samples from Adygei individuals recruited in Caucasus, Russia as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 22 samples from Basque individuals recruited in France as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 10 samples from Bergamo Italian individuals recruited in Bergamo, Italy as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
Bergamo Italian in Bergamo, Italy (HGDP)
A population made up of 24 samples from French individuals recruited in France as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 13 samples from Orcadian individuals recruited in Orkney as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 23 samples from Russian individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 24 samples from Sardinian individuals recruited in Italy as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 6 samples from Tuscan individuals recruited in Italy as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 107 samples from British individuals recruited in England and Scotland as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 184 samples from individuals resident in Utah (CEPH) with Northern and Western European ancestry recruited in Utah, USA as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
Utah residents (CEPH) with Northern and Western European ancestry (1KGP)
A population made up of 105 samples from Finnish individuals recruited in Finland as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 162 samples from Iberian populations individuals recruited in Spain as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 112 samples from Toscani individuals recruited in Italy as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation European.
A population made up of 44 samples from Bedouin individuals recruited in Negev, Israel as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern or North African or Persian).
A population made up of 40 samples from Druze individuals recruited in Carmel, Israel as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern or North African or Persian).
A population made up of 27 samples from Mozabite individuals recruited in Mzab, Algeria as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern or North African or Persian).
A population made up of 43 samples from Palestinian individuals recruited in Central, Israel as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern or North African or Persian).
A population made up of 11 samples from Bougainville individuals recruited in Bougainville as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Oceanian.
A population made up of 6 samples from Papuan Highlands individuals recruited in New Guinea as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Oceanian.
A population made up of 8 samples from Papuan Sepik individuals recruited in New Guinea as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Oceanian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Australian individuals recruited in Australia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Oceanian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Bougainville individuals recruited in Papua New Guinea as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Oceanian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Dusun individuals recruited in Brunei as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Oceanian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Hawaiian individuals recruited in USA as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Oceanian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Igorot individuals recruited in Philippines as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Oceanian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Maori individuals recruited in New Zealand as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Oceanian.
A population made up of 15 samples from Papuan individuals recruited in Papua New Guinea as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation Oceanian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Balochi individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Bengali individuals recruited in Bangladesh as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Brahmin individuals recruited in India as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Brahui individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Burusho individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Hazara individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Irula individuals recruited in India as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Kalash individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Kapu individuals recruited in India as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Khonda Dora individuals recruited in India as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Kusunda individuals recruited in Nepal as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Madiga individuals recruited in India as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Makrani individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Pathan individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 4 samples from Punjabi individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Relli individuals recruited in India as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Sindhi individuals recruited in Pakistan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Yadava individuals recruited in India as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 144 samples from Bengali individuals recruited in Bangladesh as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 113 samples from Gujarati Indians individuals recruited in Houston, TX as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 158 samples from Punjabi individuals recruited in Lahore, Pakistan as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 128 samples from Sri Lankan Tamil individuals recruited in the UK as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 118 samples from Indian Telugu individuals recruited in the UK as part of the 1000 Genomes Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation South Asian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Abkhasian individuals recruited in Abkhazia or Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Adygei individuals recruited in Russia(Caucasus) as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Albanian individuals recruited in Albania as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Armenian individuals recruited in Armenia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Basque individuals recruited in France as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Bedouin B individuals recruited in Israel(Negev) as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Bergamo individuals recruited in Italy(Bergamo) as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Bulgarian individuals recruited in Bulgaria as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Chechen individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Crete individuals recruited in Greece as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Czech individuals recruited in Czechoslovakia(pre1989) as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Druze individuals recruited in Israel(Carmel) as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from English individuals recruited in England as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Estonian individuals recruited in Estonia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 3 samples from Finnish individuals recruited in Finland as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 3 samples from French individuals recruited in France as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Georgian individuals recruited in Georgia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Greek individuals recruited in Greece as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Hungarian individuals recruited in Hungary as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Icelandic individuals recruited in Iceland as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Iranian individuals recruited in Iran as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Iraqi Jew individuals recruited in Iraq as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 3 samples from Jordanian individuals recruited in Jordan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Lezgin individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from North Ossetian individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Norwegian individuals recruited in Norway as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Orcadian individuals recruited in Orkney Islands as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 3 samples from Palestinian individuals recruited in Israel(Central) as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Polish individuals recruited in Poland as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Russian individuals recruited in Russia as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Saami individuals recruited in Finland as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 1 samples from Samaritan individuals recruited in Israel as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 3 samples from Sardinian individuals recruited in Italy as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Spanish individuals recruited in Spain as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Tajik individuals recruited in Tajikistan as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Turkish individuals recruited in Turkey as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Tuscan individuals recruited in Italy(Tuscany) as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
A population made up of 2 samples from Yemenite Jew individuals recruited in Yemen as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project. The population was assigned by the collecting project to the superpopulation West Eurasian.
Includes individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as Indigenous Siberan. This covers any indigenous groups from the northern part of the Asian contient that is commonly referred to as Siberia and which reaches from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east, and from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the northern borders of Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China in the south. We note that there does not appear to be a suitable reference population for this population and efforts are required to fill this gap, although smaller reference populations were defined by the SGDP. Principal-component analysis of samples from this population suggest a close genetic relatedness with some Indigenous North American populations, such as the Chipewyan.
Indigenous peoples of Siberia
General term that refers to Indigenous Americans in North, Central, and South America, without any reference to validated genetic ancestry information. Synonyms include historical and contemporary terms that are in use in parts of North American and Spanish and Portuguese speaking regions of North and South America by some Indigenous populations to describe themselves, and local and national governmental institutions.
Some of these terms may be outdated or only used regionally. The term indio is an outdated and possibly offensive term that is outdated and should be avoided.
Individuals who self-identify or are described by authors as Asian, without any reference to validated genetic ancestry information and where there was not sufficient information to allow description as East Asian, Central Asian, South Asian or South-East Asian.
This category was created to accommodate US, UK and EU use of super-national geographic descriptors in non-genetic contexts, to enable researchers to accurately annotate data, prevent loss of data, and comply with local governmental and funding standards around data collection.
Individuals who self-identify or are described by authors as South Asian, without any reference to validated genetic ancestry information. This may include individuals from countries such as India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, and sometimes Afghanistan and the Maldives.
Individuals who self-identify or are described by authors as East Asian, without any reference to validated genetic ancestry information. This may include individuals from countries such as China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, Taiwan, and special administrative states Hong Kong and Macau.
Individuals who self-identify or are described by authors as Central Asian, without any reference to validated genetic ancestry information. This may include individuals from countries such as Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It is a region of Asia bounded by the Caspian Sea to the southwest, European Russia to the northwest, Western China and Mongolia to the east, Afghanistan and Iran to the south, and Siberia to the north.
Individuals who self-identify or are described by authors as Middle Eastern, without any reference to validated genetic ancestry information. This may include individuals from countries such as Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Iraq, and Iran, as well as the Palestinian Territories of Gaza and the West Bank.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to an Arawakan ethnolinguistic group who originally lived in the plains of the northern Gran Chaco and in the foothills of the Andes in Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia, and Argentina.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Karitiana, an indigenous people of Brazil whose reservation is located in the western Amazon and whose language is part of the Arikém family.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Mixe indigenous people of Mexcio who live in the eastern highlands of the state of Oaxaca and speak the Mixe languages, part of the Mixe-Zoque family.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to an indigenous people of Brazil, who live in ten villages near the Mato Grosso–Rondônia border. This population is not be confused with the Suruí do Pará people of Brazil.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Persion ethnolinguistic group of Western Iran, which comprises the majority of the population of Iran
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as Arab-American. This term is part of commonly collected standard demographic terms in the US.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as Persian-American. This term is part of commonly collected standard demographic terms in the US.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as Asian-British. This term is part of the standardised ethnicity categories collected in the UK and may include individuals of Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Chinese or any other Asian background.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as Black British. This term is part of the standardised ethnicity categories collected in the UK and may include individuals of Caribbean or African background.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as Asian-American. This term is part of commonly collected standard demographic terms in the US.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as Chicano or Mexian-American. This term used by some communities to describe themselves and some US government and other institutions on official forms used to collect demographic information
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as Afro-Latin. This term is possibly an outdated and offensive racial term but that is currently used by Latin American government and other institutions on official forms used to collect demographic information and is used by some communities Latin American communities to describe themselves.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as living in or originating from England, a nation of the United Kingdom and that is located on the island of Great Britain.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as living in or originating from Wales, a nation of the United Kingdom and that is located on the island of Great Britain.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as living in or originating from Scotland, a nation of the United Kingdom and that is located on the island of Great Britain.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as living in or originating from Northern Ireland, a nation of the United Kingdom and that is located on the island of Ireland.
General term that refers to the Indigenous Peoples of Alaska, encompassing a diverse range of cultural and linguistic groups.
This term was created due to its use as a category in the US Census. US Census categories are commonly reused in other contexts, including in research, as they are widely known.
Individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as Papuan.
It should be noted that individuals characterised with this term may be part of ethnic groups in countries other than Papua New Guinea, such as Indonesia, which is why this term is broader than Papua New Guinean (HANCESTRO:0476)
Individuals who either self-report or have been described by authors as Balinese.
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Bora indigenous populations in Peru and Colombia.
Bora
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Yagua indigenous population that inhabits the Peruvian Amazon. The Yagua language is the only surviving language of the Peba-Yagua linguistic family.
Yagua
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Kukama Kukamiria indigenous population in the Peruvian Amazon. Their language, also called Kukama-Kukamiria, is a Tupi-Guarani language.
Kukama Kukamiria
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Shipibo-Conibo indigenous population along the Ucayali River in the Amazon rainforest in Peru. Formerly two groups, they eventually became one tribe through intermarriage and communal rituals and are currently known as the Shipibo-Conibo people.
Shipibo-Conibo
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Yine indigenous population in the Peruvian Amazon.
Yine
Individuals who self-identify or are reported by authors as belonging to the Moche Chimu indigenous population in the Peruvian Amazon. The Chimu culture succeeded the Moche culture in the same region of Peru.
Moche Chimu
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an African Ancestry as part of the 1000 Genomes Project and Gambian Genome Variation Project (GGVP).
This category was created to facilitate the grouping of reference populations into the superpopulations they were allocated to in the context of the project in which they were collected. This classification is intended for project provenance traceability and does not imply any kind of biological difference.
African (AFR) reference superpopulation (1KGP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an American Ancestry as part of the 1000 Genomes Project.
American (AMR) reference superpopulation (1KGP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an East Asian Ancestry as part of the 1000 Genomes Project.
East Asian (EAS) reference superpopulation (1KGP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with a European Ancestry as part of the 1000 Genomes Project.
European (EUR) reference superpopulation (1KGP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with a South Asian Ancestry as part of the 1000 Genomes Project.
South Asian (SAS) reference superpopulation (1KGP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an African Ancestry as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project.
African reference superpopulation (HGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an American Ancestry as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project.
American reference superpopulation (HGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with a Central South Asian Ancestry as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project.
Central South Asian reference superpopulation (HGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an East Asian Ancestry as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project.
East Asian reference superpopulation (HGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with a European Ancestry as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project.
European reference superpopulation (HGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with a Middle East Ancestry as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project.
Middle East reference superpopulation (HGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an Oceanian Ancestry as part of the Human Genome Diversity Project.
Oceanian reference superpopulation (HGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an African Ancestry as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project.
African reference superpopulation (SGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an American Ancestry as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project.
American reference superpopulation (SGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with a Central Asian and Siberia Ancestry as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project.
Central Asian and Siberia reference superpopulation (SGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an East Asian Ancestry as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project.
East Asian reference superpopulation (SGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with an Oceanian Ancestry as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project.
Oceanian reference superpopulation (SGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with a South Asian Ancestry as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project.
South Asian reference superpopulation (SGDP)
A reference population made up of samples from individuals with a West Eurasian Ancestry as part of the Simons Genome Diversity Project.
West Eurasian reference superpopulation (SGDP)