ECCO Version 4: Fourth Release (1992-2017) [ECCO v4r4] These are the variables in the ECCO v4r4 output that can be downloaded as monthly averages on the native LLC90 grid: ShortName Variable Name Description (units) ECCO_L4_SSH_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 SSH Dynamic sea surface height anomaly. Suitable for comparisons with altimetry sea surface height data products that apply the inverse barometer correction. (m) SSHIBC The inverted barometer correction to sea surface height due to atmospheric pressure loading. (m) SSHNOIBC Sea surface height anomaly without the inverted barometer correction. Suitable for comparisons with altimetry sea surface height data products that do NOT apply the inverse barometer correction. (m) ETAN Model sea level anomaly, without corrections for global mean density changes, inverted barometer effect, or volume displacement due to submerged sea-ice and snow. (m) ECCO_L4_ATM_STATE_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 EXFatemp Atmosphere surface (2 m) air temperature (degK) EXFaqh Atmosphere surface (2 m) specific humidity (kg/kg) EXFuwind Wind speed at 10m in the model +x direction (m/s) EXFvwind Wind speed at 10m in the model +y direction (m/s) EXFwspee Wind speed (m/s) EXFpress Atmosphere surface pressure (N/m^2) ECCO_L4_STRESS_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 EXFtaux Wind stress in the model +x direction (N/m^2) EXFtauy Wind stress in the model +y direction (N/m^2) oceTAUX Ocean surface stress in the model +x direction, due to wind and sea-ice (N/m^2) oceTAUY Ocean surface stress in the model +y direction, due to wind and sea-ice (N/m^2) ECCO_L4_HEAT_FLUX_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 EXFhl Open ocean air-sea latent heat flux (W/m^2) EXFhs Open ocean air-sea sensible heat flux (W/m^2) EXFlwdn Downward longwave radiative flux (W/m^2) EXFswdn Downwelling shortwave radiative flux (W/m^2) EXFqnet Open ocean net air-sea heat flux (W/m^2) oceQnet Net heat flux into the ocean surface (W/m^2) SIatmQnt Net upward heat flux to the atmosphere (W/m^2) TFLUX Rate of change of ocean heat content per m^2 accounting for mass (e.g. freshwater) fluxes (W/m^2) EXFswnet Open ocean net shortwave radiative flux (W/m^2) EXFlwnet Net open ocean longwave radiative flux (W/m^2) oceQsw Net shortwave radiative flux across the ocean surface (W/m^2) SIaaflux Conservative ocean and sea-ice advective heat flux adjustment, associated with temperature difference between sea surface temperature and sea-ice, excluding latent heat of fusion (W/m^2) ECCO_L4_FRESH_FLUX_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 EXFpreci Precipitation rate (m/s) EXFevap Open ocean evaporation rate (m/s) EXFroff River runoff (m/s) SIsnPrcp Snow precipitation on sea-ice (kg/(m^2 s)) EXFempmr Open ocean net surface freshwater flux from precipitation, evaporation, and runoff (m/s) oceFWflx Net freshwater flux into the ocean (kg/(m^2 s)) SIatmFW Net freshwater flux into the open ocean, sea-ice, and snow (kg/(m^2 s)) SFLUX Rate of change of total ocean salinity per m^2 accounting for mass fluxes (g/(m^2 s)) SIacSubl Freshwater flux to the atmosphere due to sublimation-deposition of snow or ice (kg/(m^2 s)) SIrsSubl Residual sublimation freshwater flux (kg/(m^2 s)) SIfwThru Precipitation through sea-ice (kg/(m^2 s)) ECCO_L4_SEA_ICE_CONC_THICKNESS_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 SIarea Sea-ice concentration (fraction between 0 and 1) SIheff Area-averaged sea-ice thickness (m) SIhsnow Area-averaged snow thickness (m) sIceLoad Average sea-ice and snow mass per unit area (kg/m^2) ECCO_L4_SEA_ICE_VELOCITY_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 SIuice Sea-ice velocity in the model +x direction (m/s) SIvice Sea-ice velocity in the model +y direction (m/s) ECCO_L4_SEA_ICE_HORIZ_VOLUME_FLUX_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 ADVxHEFF Lateral advective flux of sea-ice thickness in the model +x direction (m^3/s) ADVyHEFF Lateral advective flux of sea-ice thickness in the model +y direction (m^3/s) DFxEHEFF Lateral diffusive flux of sea-ice thickness in the model +x direction (m^3/s) DFyEHEFF Lateral diffusive flux of sea-ice thickness in the model +y direction (m^3/s) ADVxSNOW Lateral advective flux of snow thickness in the model +x direction (m^3/s) ADVySNOW Lateral advective flux of snow thickness in the model +y direction (m^3/s) DFxESNOW Lateral diffusive flux of snow thickness in the model +x direction (m^3/s) DFyESNOW Lateral diffusive flux of snow thickness in the model +y direction (m^3/s) ECCO_L4_SEA_ICE_SALT_PLUME_FLUX_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 oceSPflx Net salt flux into the ocean due to brine rejection (g/(m^2 s)) oceSPDep Salt plume depth (m) ECCO_L4_MIXED_LAYER_DEPTH_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 MXLDEPTH Mixed-layer depth diagnosed using the temperature difference criterion of Kara et al., 2000 (m) ECCO_L4_OBP_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 OBP Ocean bottom pressure, excluding global mean atmospheric pressure, given as equivalent water thickness. This is suitable for comparisons with GRACE data products. (m) OBPGMAP Ocean bottom pressure, includes global mean atmospheric pressure, given as equivalent water thickness. This is suitable for comparisons with ocean bottom pressure gauge data products. (m) PHIBOT Ocean hydrostatic bottom pressure anomaly (m^2/s^2) ECCO_L4_OCEAN_VEL_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 Note: UVEL,VVEL should not be used in volume flux calculations due to time-variable grid cell thicknesses (z* coordinates). Use UVELMASS,VVELMASS instead. UVEL Horizontal velocity in the model +x direction (m/s) VVEL Horizontal velocity in the model +y direction (m/s) WVEL Vertical velocity (m/s) ECCO_L4_TEMP_SALINITY_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 THETA Potential temperature, i.e., temperature of water parcel at sea level pressure (degC) SALT Salinity (1e-3, or parts per thousand) ECCO_L4_DENS_STRAT_PRESS_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 RHOAnoma In-situ seawater density anomaly (kg/m^3) DRHODR Density stratification ((kg/m^3)/m) PHIHYD Ocean hydrostatic pressure anomaly (m^2/s^2) PHIHYDcR Ocean hydrostatic pressure anomaly at constant depths (m^2/s^2) ECCO_L4_OCEAN_3D_VOLUME_FLUX_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 UVELMASS Horizontal velocity in the model +x direction per unit area of the grid cell \'u\' face. Use this in volume flux calculations as it accounts for partial cells and time-varying grid cell thickness. (m/s) VVELMASS Horizontal velocity in the model +y direction per unit area of the grid cell \'v\' face. Use this in volume flux calculations as it accounts for partial cells and time-varying grid cell thickness. (m/s) WVELMASS Grid cell face-averaged vertical velocity in the model +z direction. (m/s) ECCO_L4_OCEAN_3D_MOMENTUM_TEND_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 Um_dPHdx Momentum tendency in the model +x direction (m/s^2) Vm_dPHdy Momentum tendency in the model +y direction (m/s^2) ECCO_L4_OCEAN_3D_TEMPERATURE_FLUX_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 ADVx_TH Lateral advective flux of potential temperature in the model +x direction (degC m^3/s) ADVy_TH Lateral advective flux of potential temperature in the model +y direction (degC m^3/s) ADVr_TH Vertical advective flux of potential temperature (degC m^3/s) DFxE_TH Lateral diffusive flux of potential temperature in the model +x direction (degC m^3/s) DFyE_TH Lateral diffusive flux of potential temperature in the model +y direction (degC m^3/s) DFrE_TH Vertical diffusive flux of potential temperature, explicit term (degC m^3/s) DFrI_TH Vertical diffusive flux of potential temperature, implicit term (degC m^3/s) ECCO_L4_OCEAN_3D_SALINITY_FLUX_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 ADVx_SLT Lateral advective flux of salinity in the model +x direction (1e-3 m^3/s) ADVy_SLT Lateral advective flux of salinity in the model +y direction (1e-3 m^3/s) ADVr_SLT Vertical advective flux of salinity (1e-3 m^3/s) DFxE_SLT Lateral diffusive flux of salinity in the model +x direction (1e-3 m^3/s) DFyE_SLT Lateral diffusive flux of salinity in the model +y direction (1e-3 m^3/s) DFrE_SLT Vertical diffusive flux of salinity, explicit term (1e-3 m^3/s) DFrI_SLT Vertical diffusive flux of salinity, implicit term (1e-3 m^3/s) oceSPtnd Salt tendency due to the vertical transport of salt in high-salinity brine plumes (g/(m^2 s)) ECCO_L4_BOLUS_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 UVELSTAR Gent-McWilliams parameterized bolus velocity in the model +x direction scaled by time-varying grid cell thickness (m/s) VVELSTAR Gent-McWilliams parameterized bolus velocity in the model +y direction scaled by time-varying grid cell thickness (m/s) WVELSTAR Gent-McWilliams parameterized bolus velocity in the model +z direction (m/s) ECCO_L4_OCEAN_BOLUS_STREAMFUNCTION_LLC0090GRID_MONTHLY_V4R4 GM_PsiX Gent-McWilliams bolus transport streamfunction in the model +x direction (m^2/s) GM_PsiY Gent-McWilliams bolus transport streamfunction in the model +y direction (m^2/s)