ENVO ENVO is an ontology which represents knowledge about environments,environmental processes, ecosystems, habitats, and related entities. It interoperates with other ontologies in the OBO Foundry and Library. Please see www.environmentontology.org for more info. Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/bfo_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 37 Logical Axioms: 10] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/chebi_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 2403 Logical Axioms: 1023] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/foodon_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 61 Logical Axioms: 7] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/go_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 270 Logical Axioms: 76] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/imports/po_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 94 Logical Axioms: 9] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/ncbitaxon_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 520 Logical Axioms: 120] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/pato_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 774 Logical Axioms: 294] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/pco_bfo_bridge.owl>))) [Axioms: 3 Logical Axioms: 1] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/pco_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 21 Logical Axioms: 3] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/ro_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 1163 Logical Axioms: 291] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/uberon_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 24080 Logical Axioms: 4668] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/modules/entity_attribute.owl>))) [Axioms: 67 Logical Axioms: 10] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/modules/entity_attribute_location.owl>))) [Axioms: 119 Logical Axioms: 20] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/modules/entity_quality_location.owl>))) [Axioms: 45 Logical Axioms: 6] Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/modules/process_attribute.owl>))) [Axioms: 20 Logical Axioms: 2] editor preferred term~editor preferred label example of usage has curation status definition editor note term editor alternative term definition source curator note imported from expand expression to expand assertion to term replaced by temporal interpretation An assertion that holds between an OWL Object Property and a temporal interpretation that elucidates how OWL Class Axioms that use this property are to be interpreted in a temporal context. is a defining property chain axiom If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then it also holds that R -> P o Q. Note that this cannot be expressed directly in OWL is a defining property chain axiom where second argument is reflexive If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then (1) R -> P o Q holds and (2) Q is either reflexive or locally reflexive. A corollary of this is that P SubPropertyOf R. EnvO-Lite-GSC plurals disconnected_from A is disconnected_from B if they have no parts in common. Class: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Nothing> EquivalentTo: (BFO_0000050 some ?X) and (BFO_0000050 some ?Y) ENVO disconnected_from non_overlapping_with true true A is disconnected_from B if they have no parts in common. SO:cjm Disposition slim environmental_hazards Pathology slim Relational slim: types of quality that require an additional entity in order to exist ro-eco Scalar slim Value slim subset_property synonym_type_property consider has_alternative_id has_broad_synonym database_cross_reference has_exact_synonym has_narrow_synonym has_obo_format_version has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym has_synonym_type in_subset shorthand part of Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other. http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'. a core relation that holds between a part and its whole is part of my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity) part_of this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood) has part Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'. a core relation that holds between a whole and its part has part has_part my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity) this year has part this day (occurrent parthood) realized in Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process [copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) is realized by realized in realized_in this disease is realized in this disease course this fragility is realized in this shattering this investigator role is realized in this investigation realizes Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process realizes this disease course realizes this disease this investigation realizes this investigator role this shattering realizes this fragility to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) preceded by An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other. http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by is preceded by preceded by preceded_by x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. precedes precedes x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. occurs in Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t occurs in occurs_in unfolds in unfolds_in contains process Paraphrase of definition: a relation between an independent continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant [copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t site of partially_surrounded_by x partially_surrounded_by y if and only if (1) x is adjacent to y and for the region r that is adjacent to x, r partially overlaps y (2) the shared boundary between x and y occupies a non-trivial proportion of the outermost boundary of x Definition modified from 'surrounded by'. A duck swimming in a pond is partially surrounded by air and partially surrounded by water. results in transformation into results in expansion of Afforestation results in the expansion of a forest. A process, p, results in the expansion of a material entity, m, if the spatial extent of m is increased as a result of participating in p. results in proliferation of To be ceded to RO determined by determined by part of inheres in A dependent inheres in its bearer at all times for which the dependent exists. a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence inheres in inheres_in this fragility inheres in this vase this red color inheres in this apple bearer of A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist. a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence bearer of bearer_of is bearer of this apple is bearer of this red color this vase is bearer of this fragility participates in a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process participates in participates_in this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation this input material (or this output material) participates in this process this investigator participates in this investigation has participant Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time. a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process has participant http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant has_participant this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot this investigation has participant this investigator this process has participant this input material (or this output material) quality of A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists. a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence is quality of quality_of this red color is a quality of this apple role of A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence is role of role_of this investigator role is a role of this person has quality A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist. a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence has_quality this apple has quality this red color has role A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence has_role this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator) derives from This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops from'. This relation is taken from the RO2005 version of RO. It may be obsoleted and replaced by relations with different definitions. See also the 'develops from' family of relations. a relation between two distinct material entities, the new entity and the old entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity derives_from this cell derives from this parent cell (cell division) this nucleus derives from this parent nucleus (nuclear division) derives into This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops into'. To avoid making statements about a future that may not come to pass, it is often better to use the backward-looking 'derives from' rather than the forward-looking 'derives into'. a relation between two distinct material entities, the old entity and the new entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity derives_into this parent cell derives into this cell (cell division) this parent nucleus derives into this nucleus (nuclear division) location of Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location is location of location_of my head is the location of my brain this cage is the location of this rat contained in Containment is location not involving parthood, and arises only where some immaterial continuant is involved. Containment obtains in each case between material and immaterial continuants, for instance: lung contained_in thoracic cavity; bladder contained_in pelvic cavity. Hence containment is not a transitive relation. If c part_of c1 at t then we have also, by our definition and by the axioms of mereology applied to spatial regions, c located_in c1 at t. Thus, many examples of instance-level location relations for continuants are in fact cases of instance-level parthood. For material continuants location and parthood coincide. Containment is location not involving parthood, and arises only where some immaterial continuant is involved. To understand this relation, we first define overlap for continuants as follows: c1 overlap c2 at t =def for some c, c part_of c1 at t and c part_of c2 at t. The containment relation on the instance level can then be defined (see definition): Intended meaning: domain: material entity range: spatial region or site (immaterial continuant) contained in contained_in contains contains located in http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:located_in Location as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation c located_in r at t reflects the fact that each continuant is at any given time associated with exactly one spatial region, namely its exact location. Following we can use this relation to define a further instance-level location relation - not between a continuant and the region which it exactly occupies, but rather between one continuant and another. c is located in c1, in this sense, whenever the spatial region occupied by c is part_of the spatial region occupied by c1. Note that this relation comprehends both the relation of exact location between one continuant and another which obtains when r and r1 are identical (for example, when a portion of fluid exactly fills a cavity), as well as those sorts of inexact location relations which obtain, for example, between brain and head or between ovum and uterus Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location located in located_in my brain is located in my head this rat is located in this cage bounding layer of David Osumi-Sutherland A relationship that applies between a continuant and its outer, bounding layer. Examples include the relationship between a multicellular organism and its integument, between an animal cell and its plasma membrane, and between a membrane bound organelle and its outer/bounding membrane. X outer_layer_of Y iff: . X :continuant that bearer_of some PATO:laminar . X part_of Y . exists Z :surface . X has_boundary Z . Z boundary_of Y has_boundary: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002002 boundary_of: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002000 coincident with A relation that holds between two linear structures that are approximately parallel to each other for their entire length and where either the two structures are adjacent to each other or one is part of the other. Example: if we define region of chromosome as any subdivision of a chromosome along its long axis, then we can define a region of chromosome that contains only gene x as 'chromosome region' that coincident_with some 'gene x', where the term gene X corresponds to a genomic sequence. David Osumi-Sutherland Note from NCEAS meeting: consider changing primary label during which ends David Osumi-Sutherland Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002122 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range. encompasses Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002124 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range. di David Osumi-Sutherland ends after David Osumi-Sutherland X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) immediately preceded by starts_at_end_of David Osumi-Sutherland X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) during which starts David Osumi-Sutherland Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002123 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range. immediately precedes X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) ends_at_start_of meets David Osumi-Sutherland starts during David Osumi-Sutherland X starts_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (start(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) io happens during X happens_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) d during David Osumi-Sutherland ends during David Osumi-Sutherland o overlaps X ends_during Y iff: ((start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)) AND end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y). overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y) x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y true continuous with X continuous_with Y if and only if X and Y share a fiat boundary. connected to The label for this relation was previously connected to. I relabeled this to "continuous with". The standard notion of connectedness does not imply shared boundaries - e.g. Glasgow connected_to Edinburgh via M8; my patella connected_to my femur (via patellar-femoral joint) FMA:85972 David Osumi-Sutherland The label for this relation was previously connected to. I relabeled this to "continuous with". The standard notion of connectedness does not imply shared boundaries - e.g. Glasgow connected_to Edinburgh via M8; my patella connected_to my femur (via patellar-femoral joint) RO:cjm partially overlaps (forall (?x ?y) (iff (proper_overlaps ?x ?y) (and (overlaps ?x ?y) (not (part_of ?x ?y)) (not (part_of ?y ?x))))) proper overlaps x partially overlaps y iff there exists some z such that z is part of x and z is part of y, and it is also the case that neither x is part of y or y is part of x We would like to include disjointness axioms with part_of and has_part, however this is not possible in OWL2 as these are non-simple properties and hence cannot appear in a disjointness axiom spatially disjoint from https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Part-disjointness-Design-Pattern Note that it would be possible to use the relation to label the relationship between a near infinite number of structures - between the rings of saturn and my left earlobe. The intent is that this is used for parsiomoniously for disambiguation purposes - for example, between siblings in a jointly exhaustive pairwise disjointness hierarchy BFO_0000051 exactly 0 (BFO_0000050 some ?Y) A is spatially_disjoint_from B if and only if they have no parts in common Chris Mungall There are two ways to encode this as a shortcut relation. The other possibility to use an annotation assertion between two classes, and expand this to a disjointness axiom. connected to https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Connectivity-Design-Pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-articulations-Design-Pattern a is connected to b if and only if a and b are discrete structure, and there exists some connecting structure c, such that c connects a and b a 'toe distal phalanx bone' that is connected to a 'toe medial phalanx bone' (an interphalangeal joint *connects* these two bones). connects attached to part of a is attached to part of b if a is attached to b, or a is attached to some p, where p is part of b. true drains Relation between an collecting structure and another structure, where the collecting structure acts as a conduit channeling fluid, substance or energy away from the other structure. Individual ontologies should provide their own constraints on this abstract relation. For example, in the realm of anatomy this should hold between a vein and an anatomical structure develops from Melissa Haendel x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y This is the transitive form of the develops from relation Chris Mungall David Osumi-Sutherland Terry Meehan develops into Chris Mungall David Osumi-Sutherland Terry Meehan regulates (processual) capable of For compatibility with BFO, this relation has a shortcut definition in which the expression "capable of some P" expands to "bearer_of (some realized_by only P)". mechanosensory neuron capable of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050974) osteoclast SubClassOf 'capable of' some 'bone resorption' Chris Mungall has function realized in A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process. RO_0000053 some (RO_0000054 only ?Y) capable of part of RO_0000053 some (RO_0000054 only (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)) has function in c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p. Chris Mungall true actively participates in Chris Mungall agent in x actively participates in y if and only if x participates in y and x realizes some active role has active participant 'heart development' has active participant some Shh protein has agent Chris Mungall This may be obsoleted and replaced by the original 'has agent' relation x has participant y if and only if x realizes some active role that inheres in y surrounded by adjacent to x adjacent to y if and only if x and y share a boundary This relation acts as a join point with BSPO Chris Mungall temporally related to https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit?pli=1 Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends. A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. starts Chris Mungall inverse of starts with Allen starts with Every insulin receptor signaling pathway starts with the binding of a ligand to the insulin receptor started by Chris Mungall x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. ends inverse of ends with Chris Mungall ends with Chris Mungall finished by x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. has start location starts with process that occurs in Chris Mungall x 'has starts location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'starts with' z and z 'occurs in' y has end location Chris Mungall ends with process that occurs in x 'has end location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'ends with' z and z 'occurs in' y has input p has direct input c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. Chris Mungall consumes has output Chris Mungall p has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present at the beginning of p. produces has developmental contribution from Chris Mungall Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 3; Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 4 [Kardong] x has developmental contribution from y iff x has some part z such that z develops from y developmentally contributes to Chris Mungall developmentally preceded by false Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p Chris Mungall In general you should not use this relation to make assertions - use one of the more specific relations below this one This relation groups together various other developmental relations. It is fairly generic, encompassing induction, developmental contribution and direct and transitive develops from developmentally succeeded by Inverse of developmentally preceded by Chris Mungall results in developmental progression of results_in_developmental_progression_of Chris Mungall p results in the developmental progression of s iff p is a developmental process and s is an anatomical structure and p causes s to undergo a change in state at some point along its natural developmental cycle (this cycle starts with its formation, through the mature structure, and ends with its loss). This property and its subproperties are being used primarily for the definition of GO developmental processes. The property hierarchy mirrors the core GO hierarchy. In future we may be able to make do with a more minimal set of properties, but due to the way GO is currently structured we require highly specific relations to avoid incorrect entailments. To avoid this, the corresponding genus terms in GO should be declared mutually disjoint. results in formation of results_in_formation_of an annotation of gene X to anatomical structure formation with results_in_formation_of UBERON:0000007 (pituitary gland) means that at the beginning of the process a pituitary gland does not exist and at the end of the process a pituitary gland exists. GOC:mtg_berkeley_2013 Chris Mungall every "endocardial cushion formation" (GO:0003272) results_in_formation_of some "endocardial cushion" (UBERON:0002062) has habitat inheres in part of q inheres in part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w. Chris Mungall Because part_of is transitive, inheres in is a sub-relation of inheres in part of true ecologically related to Chris Mungall A relationship that is mediated in some way by the environment or environmental feature (ENVO:00002297) Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving ecological interactions mereotopologically related to A mereological relationship or a topological relationship Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships developmentally related to A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502) Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving organismal development contributes to We would like to say if and only if exists c', p' c part_of c' and c' capable_of p and c capable_of p' and p' part_of p then c contributes_to p However, this is not possible in OWL. We instead make this relation a sub-relation of the two chains, which gives us the inference in the one direction. ATP citrate lyase (ACL) in Arabidopsis: it is a heterooctamer, composed of two types of subunits, ACLA and ACLB in a A(4)B(4) stoichiometry. Neither of the subunits expressed alone give ACL activity, but co-expression results in ACL activity. Both subunits contribute_to the ATP citrate lyase activity. Chris Mungall Subunits of nuclear RNA polymerases: none of the individual subunits have RNA polymerase activity, yet all of these subunits contribute_to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity. In the context of the Gene Ontology, contributes_to may be used only with classes from the molecular function ontology. http://www.geneontology.org/GO.annotation.conventions.shtml#contributes_to eIF2: has three subunits (alpha, beta, gamma); one binds GTP; one binds RNA; the whole complex binds the ribosome (all three subunits are required for ribosome binding). So one subunit is annotated to GTP binding and one to RNA binding without qualifiers, and all three stand in the contributes_to relationship to "ribosome binding". And all three are part_of an eIF2 complex functionally related to Chris Mungall This is a grouping relation that collects relations used for the purpose of connecting structure and function part of structure that is capable of false this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p. Chris Mungall true involved in actively involved in c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p enables part of Chris Mungall member of An organism that is a member of a population of organisms is member of SIO is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection. member part of has member SIO has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item. input of Chris Mungall output of Chris Mungall formed as result of Chris Mungall attached to a is attached to b if and only if a and b are discrete objects or object parts, and there are physical connections between a and b such that a force pulling a will move b, or a force pulling b will move a Chris Mungall in branching relationship with https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/170 This relation can be used for geographic features (e.g. rivers) as well as anatomical structures (plant branches and roots, leaf veins, animal veins, arteries, nerves) Chris Mungall tributary of This relation can be used for geographic features (e.g. rivers) as well as anatomical structures (veins, arteries) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tributary tributary channel of Chris Mungall http://www.medindia.net/glossary/venous_tributary.htm drains to drains into Deschutes River tributary_of Columbia River inferior epigastric vein tributary_of external iliac vein x tributary_of y if and only if x a channel for the flow of a substance into y, where y is larger than x. If x and y are hydrographic features, then y is the main stem of a river, or a lake or bay, but not the sea or ocean. If x and y are anatomical, then y is a vein. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tributary drains to inferior epigastric vein tributary_of external iliac vein FMA GAZ Deschutes River tributary_of Columbia River distributary of x distributary_of y if and only if x is capable of channeling the flow of a substance to y, where y channels less of the substance than x http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributary Deschutes River distributary_of Little Lava Lake branch of Chris Mungall distributary channel of GAZ Deschutes River distributary_of Little Lava Lake spatially coextensive with x spatially_coextensive_with y if and inly if x and y have the same location This relation is added for formal completeness. It is unlikely to be used in many practical scenarios A lump of clay and a statue Chris Mungall has developmental potential involving Chris Mungall x has developmental potential involving y iff x is capable of a developmental process with output y. y may be the successor of x, or may be a different structure in the vicinity (as for example in the case of developmental induction). has potential to developmentally contribute to Chris Mungall x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y has potential to develop into Chris Mungall x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y has potential to directly develop into Chris Mungall x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y causally downstream of inverse of upstream of Chris Mungall causally related to This relation groups causal relations between material entities and causal relations between processes Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. This branch of the ontology deals with causal relations between entities. It is divided into two branches: causal relations between occurrents/processes, and causal relations between material entities. We take an 'activity flow-centric approach', with the former as primary, and define causal relations between material entities in terms of causal relations between occurrents. To define causal relations in an activity-flow type network, we make use of 3 primitives: * Temporal: how do the intervals of the two occurrents relate? * Is the causal relation regulatory? * Is the influence positive or negative The first of these can be formalized in terms of the Allen Interval Algebra. Informally, the 3 bins we care about are 'direct', 'indirect' or overlapping. Note that all causal relations should be classified under a RO temporal relation (see the branch under 'temporally related to'). Note that all causal relations are temporal, but not all temporal relations are causal. Two occurrents can be related in time without being causally connected. We take causal influence to be primitive, elucidated as being such that has the upstream changed, some qualities of the donwstream would necessarily be modified. For the second, we consider a relationship to be regulatory if the system in which the activities occur is capable of altering the relationship to achieve some objective. This could include changing the rate of production of a molecule. For the third, we consider the effect of the upstream process on the output(s) of the downstream process. If the level of output is increased, or the rate of production of the output is increased, then the direction is increased. Direction can be positive, negative or neutral or capable of either direction. Two positives in succession yield a positive, two negatives in succession yield a positive, otherwise the default assumption is that the net effect is canceled and the influence is neutral. Each of these 3 primitives can be composed to yield a cross-product of different relation types. causally upstream of Chris Mungall p is causally upstream of q if and only if p precedes q and p and q are linked in a causal chain causally upstream of or within influences (processual) Chris Mungall p 'causally upstream or within' q iff (1) the end of p is before the end of q and (2) the execution of p exerts some causal influence over the outputs of q; i.e. if p was abolished or the outputs of p were to be modified, this would necessarily affect q. We would like to make this disjoint with 'preceded by', but this is prohibited in OWL2 causally downstream of or within Chris Mungall involved in or regulates c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p involved in or involved in regulation of Chris Mungall interacts with Considering relabeling as 'pairwise interacts with' http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0914 https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/InteractionRelations Chris Mungall in pairwise interaction with This relation and all sub-relations can be applied to either (1) pairs of entities that are interacting at any moment of time (2) populations or species of entity whose members have the disposition to interact (3) classes whose members have the disposition to interact. A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected. Note that this relationship type, and sub-relationship types may be redundant with process terms from other ontologies. For example, the symbiotic relationship hierarchy parallels GO. The relations are provided as a convenient shortcut. Consider using the more expressive processual form to capture your data. In the future, these relations will be linked to their cognate processes through rules. biotically interacts with http://eol.org/schema/terms/interactsWith interacts with on organism level An interaction relationship in which at least one of the partners is an organism and the other is either an organism or an abiotic entity with which the organism interacts. Chris Mungall trophically interacts with An interaction relationship in which the partners are related via a feeding relationship. Chris Mungall acquires nutrients from Chris Mungall Intended to be used when the target of the relation is not itself consumed, and does not have integral parts consumed, but provided nutrients in some other fashion. provides nutrients for Chris Mungall composed primarily of 'otolith organ' SubClassOf 'composed primarily of' some 'calcium carbonate' x composed_primarily_of y if and only if more than half of the mass of x is made from y or units of the same type as y. Chris Mungall has part that occurs in Chris Mungall p has part that occurs in c if and only if there exists some p1, such that p has_part p1, and p1 occurs in c. true causal agent in A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process causal relation between processes Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. Chris Mungall p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one of direct activation or direct inhibition. p may be upstream, downstream, part of or a container of q. depends on Chris Mungall towards This relation is provided in order to support the use of relational qualities such as 'concentration of'; for example, the concentration of C in V is a quality that inheres in V, but pertains to C. Chris Mungall q towards e2 if and only if q is a relational quality such that q inheres-in some e, and e != e2 and q is dependent on e2 causal relation between material entities Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. Chris Mungall The intent is that the process branch of the causal property hierarchy is primary (causal relations hold between occurrents/processes), and that the material branch is defined in terms of the process branch determined by A coral reef environment is determined by a particular coral reef Pier Buttigieg Chris Mungall The label for this relation is probably too general for its restricted use, where the domain is a system. It may be relabeled in future s determined by f if and only if s is a type of system, and f is a material entity that is part of s, such that f exerts a strong causal influence on the functioning of s, and the removal of f would cause the collapse of s. Chris Mungall determined by (system to material entity) determines determines (material entity to system) Chris Mungall determined by part of s 'determined by part of' w if and only if there exists some f such that (1) s 'determined by' f and (2) f part_of w, or f=w. Chris Mungall true causally influenced by causally influenced by (material entity to material entity) Chris Mungall causally influences Holds between materal entities a and b if the activity of a is causally upstream of the activity of b, or causally upstream of a an activity that modifies b Chris Mungall causally influences (material entity to material entity) biomechanically related to Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving the biomechanical processes. A relation that holds between elements of a musculoskeletal system or its analogs. participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with Chris Mungall has part structure that is capable of Chris Mungall s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p gland SubClassOf 'has part structure that is capable of' some 'secretion by cell' causal relation between material entity and a process Chris Mungall A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity. Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. has causal agent Inverse of 'causal agent in' related via dependence to A relationship that holds between two entities, where the relationship holds based on the presence or absence of statistical dependence relationship. The entities may be statistical variables, or they may be other kinds of entities such as diseases, chemical entities or processes. Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. produces Note that this definition doesn't quite distinguish the output of a transformation process from a production process, which is related to the identity/granularity issue. a produces b if some process that occurs_in a has_output b, where a and b are material entities. Examples: hybridoma cell line produces monoclonal antibody reagent; chondroblast produces avascular GAG-rich matrix. Melissa Haendel produced by a produced_by b iff some process that occurs_in b has_output a. Melissa Haendel has_condition 2013-05-08T07:33:05Z ENVO Experimental relation used in EnvO. A condition defines a restricted range of a given quality or combination of qualities. If an environment class, E, has_condition C, then all qualities listed in C are restricted to the ranges defined in C in E. This is not intended as a logical conditional. has_condition continuant An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. occurrent An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. independent continuant A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything. process An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. disposition realizable entity A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. quality specifically dependent continuant A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. role A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. function material entity An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. anatomical structure material anatomical entity C19-steroid dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives NAD NAD(P)H volatile organic compound pyrrolopurine electron donor acceptor water hydron dioxygen ATP sarcosine primary alcohol halide anion ammonia hydrogen sulfide methane sulfate urea hydroxide ethanol nitrite pantothenate NADPH naphthalene carbon dioxide carbohydrate peptide nucleoside 5'-phosphate chlorophyllide a NADH dinitrogen oxide fluoride ketone nucleoside 5'-monophosphate carbon monoxide nucleoside triphosphate testosterone hydrogencarbonate nitrate electron acceptor hydrogen chloride donor ribonucleoside triphosphate chloride dinitrogen lipid trimethylamine hydrogen halide polysaccharide chlorophyll a (1->4)-beta-D-glucan iron atom dihydrogen manganese atom alkane phosphate(3-) sulfur dioxide N-methyl-amino acid N-methylglycines acetamides adenosine phosphate alkaline earth metal atom alkali metal atom alkaloid alkyl group alkylamines anion arsenate ion arsenic molecular entity base benzenes benzoates benzopyrrole branched-chain amino acid cadmium atom calcium atom calcium molecular entity carbamate ester carbon oxide carbonates chloride salt chlorine atom chlorine molecular entity chromium molecular entity molecular entity copper molecular entity cyclic peptide drug monoatomic anion monoatomic cation enzyme inhibitor ethanols fluorine atom glycine derivative chemical entity biological role group guanidines halogen molecular entity halogen organic heterocyclic compound heterodetic cyclic peptide hydrocarbon hydroxides hydroxybenzoate indoles oxoacid inorganic anion inorganic molecular entity inorganic oxide inorganic salt salt monoatomic ion ion iron molecular entity lead atom leucine magnesium atom magnesium molecular entity magnesium porphyrin metabolite metal cation metalloporphyrin methyl ester methylamines mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor elemental molecule molecule monocarboxylic acid monohydroxybenzoate monoatomic monocation monoatomic polycation mutagen mycotoxin naphthalenes neurotransmitter NADP NAD(P) nicotinamide nucleotide nitrogen atom nitrous acid nonmetal atom nucleoside phosphate organic heteromonocyclic compound organic anion organic cation ether organic ion organic oxide organic phosphate aliphatic alcohol organophosphorus compound oxide oxygen atom oxygen molecular entity ozone aldopentose phosphate phosphate phosphoric acid derivative phosphorus molecular entity polyester macromolecule porphyrins potassium atom purine nucleoside monophosphate purine nucleoside triphosphate purine nucleotide purine ribonucleoside monophosphate purine ribonucleoside triphosphate purine ribonucleotide purines pyridines quinate radical reactive oxygen species ribonucleoside monophosphate ribonucleotide ribose phosphate saturated fatty acid silicon molecular entity sodium atom sodium chloride sodium molecular entity sodium salt carbohydrate phosphate sulfide sulfur atom sulfur molecular entity tetrapyrrole organic heterotricyclic compound threonine toxin micronutrient Anatoxin a transition element atom monoatomic trication organic heterobicyclic compound vanadium molecular entity very long-chain fatty acid xylene zinc atom zinc molecular entity boron atom arsenic atom silicon atom carbon atom detergent nitrobenzene acetamide lead(0) chromium atom nickel atom phosphorus atom copper atom beta-D-glucan fatty acid anion ammonium chlorophyll carbonic acid carboxylic acid anion mononucleotide arsenate(3-) hydrogen fluoride deuteron deuterium atom azanide monocarboxylic acid amide oxonium methanide hydrosulfide gold(0) copper(0) isobutyl group sulfur hexafluoride antimony atom caesium atom silicon dioxide salicylate alcohol octacosanoic acid octacosanoate leucinate leucinium tertiary amine amine amide calcium carbonate application monoatomic entity coordination entity oxoacid derivative inorganic hydride organic fundamental parent organic group hydrocarbyl group organyl group atom monoatomic hydrogen atomic nucleus primary amide elemental molecular entity elemental hydrogen elemental oxygen diatomic oxygen triatomic oxygen diatomic nitrogen elemental nitrogen polyatomic anion molecular messenger antimicrobial agent nutrient heteroorganic entity agrochemical fertilizer fuel alkali metal molecular entity alkaline earth molecular entity pnictogen pnictogen molecular entity chalcogen chalcogen molecular entity carbon group element atom carboxylic ester boron group element atom main group element atom strontium atom silicon oxide zinc group element atom chromium group element atom manganese group element atom iron group element atom nickel group element atom copper group element atom platinum(0) hydracid pnictogen oxoacid elemental carbon monoatomic monoanion elemental chlorine monoatomic chlorine monoatomic halogen elemental halogen phospho sugar nitrogen oxoacid nitrogen oxoanion pnictogen oxoanion phosphorus oxoanion elemental pnictogen sulfur oxoanion chalcogen oxoanion transition element molecular entity actinoid molecular entity uranium molecular entity metal atom sulfur hydride alpha-amino-acid anion s-block element atom p-block element atom d-block element atom carboxylic acid main group molecular entity boron group molecular entity carbon group molecular entity noble gas molecular entity lead molecular entity cyclic compound homocyclic compound carbocyclic compound hydrogen molecular entity aluminium molecular entity monoatomic aluminium elemental aluminium polycyclic compound bicyclic compound ortho-fused compound aliphatic compound aromatic compound arene organic aromatic compound monocyclic compound cyclic hydrocarbon polycyclic hydrocarbon heteromonocyclic compound heteropolycyclic compound heterobicyclic compound zinc group molecular entity s-block molecular entity p-block molecular entity d-block molecular entity f-block molecular entity helium molecular entity elemental helium diatomic helium hydrides oxygen hydride biomacromolecule polyatomic cation amino-acid cation alpha-amino acid amino acid alpha-amino-acid cation chromium group molecular entity iron group molecular entity copper group molecular entity vanadium group molecular entity nickel group molecular entity platinum molecular entity organic hydroxy compound organic cyclic compound heteroarene benzenoid aromatic compound macromolecule monocyclic arene polycyclic arene transition element coordination entity reagent metallotetrapyrrole macronutrient halide salt gold molecular entity elemental gold magnesium coordination entity saxitoxin nitrogen hydride azane aldose phosphate calcium salt vanadium(0) elemental vanadium surfactant nitrogen oxide tracer label alkaline earth coordination entity inhibitor fossil fuel ammonium ion fused compound carbopolycyclic compound homopolycyclic compound ortho-fused polycyclic arene steroid 17beta-hydroxy steroid hydroxy steroid organonitrogen compound fatty acid chromium oxoanion chromium coordination entity chromate(2-) transition element oxoanion oxoanion ortho-fused bicyclic arene ortho-fused polycyclic hydrocarbon ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon antiinfective agent alkali metal salt analgesic heterocyclic organic fundamental parent cardiovascular drug carbon oxoanion carbon oxoacid vasodilator agent ester nitro compound C-nitro compound monocarboxylic acid anion arsenic oxoanion phosphate ion oxo steroid imidazopyrimidine pnictogen hydride hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion inorganic chloride cyclitol carboxylic acid anion dicarboxylic acid monoester cyclic tetrapyrrole subatomic particle nuclear particle polyatomic entity polyatomic ion phosphorus oxoacid derivative phosphorus oxoacids and derivatives alkaline earth salt saturated organic heterocyclic parent saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent polycyclic ether main-group coordination entity carbonyl compound organic oxo compound organochlorine compound organohalogen compound heterotricyclic compound carbobicyclic compound monoanion 17-hydroxy steroid inorganic radical radical cation radical ion inorganic radical ion inorganic radical cation elemental fluorine monoatomic fluorine chalcogen hydride neon molecular entity argon molecular entity krypton molecular entity inorganic ion inorganic cation cation nitrogen-15 atom chalcocarbonic acid organochalcogen compound organooxygen compound nucleotide pyridine nucleotide nicotinamide dinucleotide ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate ribonucleoside 5'-phosphate purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate amino-acid anion purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate adenosine 5'-phosphate glucan homopolysaccharide organic hydride mononuclear parent hydride elemental lead tropane alkaloid elemental copper cyclic ether acid heteroatomic molecular entity halide carboxamide phosphoric ester polypyrrole organonitrogen heterocyclic compound oxacycle organic heteropolycyclic compound polycyclic heteroarene chlorophyllide hydrocarbyl anion magnesium tetrapyrrole phorbines 2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid azabicycloalkane methylindole electron-transport chain inhibitor respiratory-chain inhibitor inorganic sodium salt quinolinemonocarboxylate anaesthetic general anaesthetic inhalation anaesthetic methylbenzene alkylbenzene Bronsted acid Bronsted base Lewis acid Lewis base chloropicrin straight-chain saturated fatty acid cyclic ketone carbonate hydrogenphosphate hydrogensulfate mineral sulfide mineral sulfide salt carbonate salt solvent dioxane dioxanes 1,4-dioxane 3-oxo steroid indicator cyclic polypyrrole dinucleotide microcystin nitric acid nitrobenzenes sulfur oxide antiseptic drug disinfectant polar solvent protic solvent protophilic solvent amphiprotic solvent antagonist elemental platinum aluminium(3+) hydrogen atom uranium(0) zinc dichloride elemental krypton monoatomic krypton monoatomic argon elemental argon argon(.1+) monoatomic neon elemental neon organic amino compound sulfur coordination entity P450 inhibitor onium compound onium cation proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group androstanoid probe monoatomic uranium elemental uranium alkyl alcohol carbon nanotube nanostructure nanotube carbon nanostructure organic molecular entity genotoxin allergen role neurotoxin tertiary amino compound chemical role nitrohydrocarbon nitroarene nitrogen molecular entity organic univalent group organic polycyclic compound organic tricyclic compound biochemical role aetiopathogenetic role pharmacological role physiological role ligand pharmaceutical inorganic hydroxy compound epitope poly(hydroxyalkanoate) poly(hydroxybutyrate) heterocyclic compound carbon monoxide(1+) chlorophyll a(1-) kynurenate cyclic tetrapyrrole anion very long-chain fatty acid anion saturated fatty acid anion straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion biomarker straight-chain fatty acid electrophilic reagent nucleophilic reagent chemical substance monovalent inorganic cation aluminium ion NMDA receptor antagonist excitatory amino acid antagonist nucleobase-containing molecular entity brevetoxin A ciguatoxin adenyl nucleotide adenyl ribonucleotide signalling molecule reactive nitrogen species emulsifier aluminium cation oxidising agent carbohydrate derivative monosaccharide derivative pentose derivative branched-chain amino-acid anion 1,1-diol ketone hydrate food additive one-carbon compound organic acid trivalent inorganic cation poison N-alkylglycine organic molecule eukaryotic metabolite animal metabolite mammalian metabolite prokaryotic metabolite iron sulfides iron(2+) sulfides greenhouse gas envoPolar propellant EC 1.* (oxidoreductase) inhibitor EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor EC 3.* (hydrolase) inhibitor EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitor EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitor EC 1.14.14.1 (unspecific monooxygenase) inhibitor pathway inhibitor fungal metabolite bacterial metabolite human metabolite EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor raising agent food packaging gas food propellant fatty acid anion 28:0 food component environmental contaminant refrigerant carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives trivalent inorganic anion divalent inorganic anion monovalent inorganic anion Nodularin Brevetoxin B pheophytin elemental iron iron(0) crustacean metabolite Daphnia magna metabolite Daphnia metabolite chlorophyllide a(2-) N-acylammonia proteinogenic amino acid derivative non-proteinogenic amino acid amino acid derivative non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid pentose phosphate pyrite metal allergen skatole geographic feature ENVO ENVO:00000000 May appear on a map. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_feature macroscopic spatial feature envoPolar bedding-plane cave A cavity developed along a bedding-plane and elongate in cross-section as a result. ENVO ENVO:00000001 A cavity developed along a bedding-plane and elongate in cross-section as a result. web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html anthropogenic geographic feature An anthropogenic geographic feature is a geographic feature resulting from the influence of human beings on nature. ENVO ENVO:00000002 FTT:78 TGN:50001 man-made feature manmade feature An anthropogenic geographic feature is a geographic feature resulting from the influence of human beings on nature. ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088 mine tailing ENVO ENVO:00000003 FTT:625 FTT:631 Mine tailings are the materials left over after the process of separating the valuable fraction from the uneconomic fraction (gangue) of an ore. dumping ground mine dump tailing Mine tailings are the materials left over after the process of separating the valuable fraction from the uneconomic fraction (gangue) of an ore. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tailings USGS:SDTS dumping ground ADL:FTT mine dump ADL:FTT tailing administrative region ENVO ENVO:00000004 FTT:1242 FTT:1252 FTT:15 FTT:16 FTT:18 FTT:19 FTT:21 FTT:22 FTT:23 FTT:24 FTT:25 FTT:26 FTT:27 FTT:28 FTT:29 FTT:37 SWEETRealm:AdministrativeRegion TGN:80001 TGN:81099 TGN:81123 administrative area administrative division administrative entity boundary region civil area district free trade zone governed place https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administrative_region leased area (government) leased zone (government) neutral zone (political) prefecture protectorate sheikdom sultanate trade zone ADL:FTT protectorate ADL:FTT administrative division Getty:TGN administrative division ADL:FTT governed place ADL:FTT free trade zone ADL:FTT prefecture ADL:FTT sheikdom ADL:FTT leased zone (government) ADL:FTT administrative area Getty:TGN administrative entity ADL:FTT neutral zone (political) ADL:FTT leased area (government) ADL:FTT boundary region ADL:FTT sultanate ADL:FTT trade zone ADL:FTT civil area ADL:FTT district first-order administrative region A primary administrative division of a country, such as a state in the United States. ENVO ENVO:00000005 FTT:414 FTT:569 Geonames:A.ADM1 TGN:81100 countries, 1st order division first level subdivision first-order administrative division Getty:TGN first level subdivision ADL:FTT countries, 1st order division A primary administrative division of a country, such as a state in the United States. Geonames:http://www.geonames.org/export/codes.html Geonames:feature first-order administrative division second-order administrative region A subdivision of a first-order administrative division. ENVO ENVO:00000006 FTT:286 FTT:576 Geonames:A.ADM2 TGN:81300 countries, 2nd order division second level subdivision second-order administrative division Geonames:feature second-order administrative division A subdivision of a first-order administrative division. Geonames:http://www.geonames.org/export/codes.html ADL:FTT countries, 2nd order division Getty:TGN second level subdivision third-order administrative region A subdivision of a second-order administrative division. ENVO ENVO:00000007 FTT:204 FTT:205 FTT:578 Geonames:A.ADM3 TGN:82401 barrio countries, 3rd order division third level subdivision third-order administrative division ADL:FTT countries, 3rd order division ADL:FTT barrio Getty:TGN third level subdivision Geonames:feature third-order administrative division A subdivision of a second-order administrative division. Geonames:http://www.geonames.org/export/codes.html fourth-order administrative region A subdivision of a third-order administrative division. ENVO ENVO:00000008 FTT:580 FTT:581 Geonames:A.ADM4 TGN:82402 countries, 4th order division fourth level subdivision fourth-order administrative division A subdivision of a third-order administrative division. Geonames:http://www.geonames.org/export/codes.html Geonames:feature fourth-order administrative division ADL:FTT countries, 4th order division Getty:TGN fourth level subdivision national geopolitical entity A political association with effective dominion over a geographic area. ENVO ENVO:00000009 FTT:424 FTT:566 FTT:567 FTT:571 SWEETRealm:Country SWEETRealm:State TGN:80006 TGN:81010 TGN:81011 TGN:81102 country https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation independent nation independent political entity independent sovereign nation nation political entity state A political association with effective dominion over a geographic area. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State Getty:TGN independent political entity Getty:TGN independent nation ADL:FTT nation Getty:TGN independent sovereign nation ADL:FTT country ADL:FTT political entity transport feature A man-made feature constructed for the purpose of enabling the movement of humans, their animals or their vehicles. ENVO ENVO:00000010 FTT:83 A man-made feature constructed for the purpose of enabling the movement of humans, their animals or their vehicles. MA:ma garden An enclosure for displaying selected plant or animal life. ENVO ENVO:00000011 FTT:31 FTT:743 Geonames:S.GDN PARK TGN:53010 cropland garden https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden park USGS:SDTS cropland PARK USGS:SDTS Geonames:feature garden ADL:FTT park An enclosure for displaying selected plant or animal life. Geonames:feature hydrographic feature A geographical feature associated with water. ENVO ENVO:00000012 FTT:131 FTT:280 FTT:711 FTT:761 FTT:824 FTT:825 FTT:826 FTT:827 FTT:828 FTT:829 Geonames:H.OVF OVERFALLS eddy fluvial feature overfalls envoPolar ADL:FTT eddy A geographical feature associated with water. MA:ma OVERFALLS USGS:SDTS ADL:FTT fluvial feature ADL:FTT overfalls Geonames:feature overfalls cave system A collection of caves interconnected by enterable passages or linked hydrologically or a cave with an extensive complex of chambers and passages. ENVO ENVO:00000013 A collection of caves interconnected by enterable passages or linked hydrologically or a cave with an extensive complex of chambers and passages. web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html canal Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used for navigation, drainage or irrigation. ENVO ENVO:00000014 EcoLexicon:canal FTT:129 FTT:395 FTT:407 FTT:408 Geonames:H.CNL SWEETRealm:Canal TGN:51252 This class refers to the water contained in a canal channel, and not the channel itself. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used for navigation, drainage or irrigation. MA:ma ocean Continuous saline-water bodies that surround the continents and fill the Earth's great depressions. ENVO ENVO:00000015 EcoLexicon:ocean FTT:1019 FTT:943 Geonames:H.OCN LTER:695 Ocean SWEETRealm:Ocean TGN:21102 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean ocean ocean region sea envoPolar Geonames:feature ocean NASA:earthrealm Ocean ADL:FTT Continuous saline-water bodies that surround the continents and fill the Earth's great depressions. USGS:SDTS sea ADL:FTT ocean region sea A large expanse of saline water usually connected with an ocean. ENVO ENVO:00000016 EcoLexicon:sea FTT:233 FTT:830 Geonames:H.SEA Sea TGN:21103 channel closed sea https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea marginal sea open sea open sound open water sea envoPolar USGS:SDTS marginal sea USGS:SDTS open sound Geonames:feature sea ADL:FTT sea USGS:SDTS closed sea USGS:SDTS open water A large expanse of saline water usually connected with an ocean. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea USGS:SDTS open sea NASA:earthrealm Sea saline hydrographic feature A geographical feature associated with water with a halinity above 30 ppt (roughly 35 g/L). ENVO ENVO:00000017 A geographical feature associated with water with a halinity above 30 ppt (roughly 35 g/L). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salinity dry river A river that has either permanently or temporally lost its water. ENVO ENVO:00000018 A river that has either permanently or temporally lost its water. MA:ma saline lake A lake whose water contains a considerable concentration of dissolved salts. ENVO ENVO:00000019 FTT:221 FTT:907 Geonames:H.LKN Geonames:H.LKSN TGN:21116 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_lake salina salt lake soda lake USGS:SDTS salina A lake whose water contains a considerable concentration of dissolved salts. MA:ma USGS:SDTS salt lake lake A body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained on a body of land. ENVO ENVO:00000020 EcoLexicon:lake FTT:221 FTT:704 FTT:909 Geonames:H.LK Geonames:H.LKS LTER:278 SPIRE:Lake_or_pond SWEETRealm:Lake TGN:21114 TGN:21115 broad catch basin https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake llyn loch lochan lough mere mortlake open water pasteuer lake tarn envoPolar ADL:FTT lochan USGS:SDTS mortlake USGS:SDTS catch basin A body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained on a body of land. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake USGS:SDTS pasteuer lake USGS:SDTS open water ADL:FTT tarn freshwater lake A lake of whose water contains low concentrations of salts. ENVO ENVO:00000021 FreshwaterLake SWEETRealm:FreshwaterLake envoPolar FreshwaterLake NASA:earthrealm A lake of whose water contains low concentrations of salts. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freshwater river ENVO ENVO:00000022 EcoLexicon:river FTT:1179 FTT:251 LTER:474 Natural freshwater surface streams of considerable volume and a permanent or seasonal flow, moving in a definite channel toward a sea, lake, or another river; any large streams, or ones larger than brooks or creeks, such as the trunk stream and larger branches of a drainage system. SPIRE:River SWEETRealm:River TGN:21105 braided river https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River rio ADL:FTT rio USGS:SDTS braided river USGS:SDTS rio ADL:FTT Natural freshwater surface streams of considerable volume and a permanent or seasonal flow, moving in a definite channel toward a sea, lake, or another river; any large streams, or ones larger than brooks or creeks, such as the trunk stream and larger branches of a drainage system. stream Creek ENVO ENVO:00000023 EcoLexicon:stream FTT:105 FTT:1221 FTT:1225 FTT:1261 FTT:303 FTT:371 FTT:593 FTT:721 Geonames:H.STM Geonames:H.STMS LTER:562 Linear body of water flowing on the Earth's surface. SWEETRealm:Stream Stream TGN:21106 TGN:21107 TGN:21108 TGN:21109 beck braided stream brook burn (hydrographic) creek fork (hydrographic glacial stream https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream lode millstream rivulet stream stream bend streams watercourse Getty:TGN creek USGS:SDTS lode NASA:earthrealm Stream ADL:FTT brook USGS:SDTS rivulet ADL:FTT burn (hydrographic) Getty:TGN brook Linear body of water flowing on the Earth's surface. USGS:http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html USGS:SDTS glacial stream USGS:SDTS braided stream ADL:FTT creek USGS:SDTS watercourse USGS:SDTS creek ADL:FTT stream bend Geonames:feature streams Geonames:feature stream Creek NASA:earthrealm ADL:FTT watercourse USGS:SDTS beck ADL:FTT fork (hydrographic obsolete intermittent stream A stream whose flow is not continuous. ENVO ENVO:00000024 FTT:105 FTT:882 Geonames:H.STMI https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermittent_stream intermittent stream stream true A stream whose flow is not continuous. MA:ma ADL:FTT stream Geonames:feature intermittent stream reservoir An artificial body of water, often contained by a dam, constructed for the purpose of water storage. ENVO ENVO:00000025 EcoLexicon:reservoir FTT:587 FTT:588 FTT:882 Geonames:H.RSV SWEETRealm:Reservoir TGN:51259 covered reservoir https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservoir lake reservoir An artificial body of water, often contained by a dam, constructed for the purpose of water storage. MA:ma ADL:FTT covered reservoir USGS:SDTS lake Geonames:feature reservoir well A cylindrical hole, pit, or tunnel drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface. ENVO ENVO:00000026 EcoLexicon:well FTT:1032 FTT:1237 FTT:833 Geonames:H.WLL Geonames:H.WLLS SWEETRealm:Well TGN:51255 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well A cylindrical hole, pit, or tunnel drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface. Geonames:feature spring A point where groundwater or steam flows out of the ground, and is thus where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface or where there is a fissure. ENVO ENVO:00000027 EcoLexicon:spring FTT:982 Geonames:H.SPNG SPRING SWEETRealm:Spring Spring TGN:21126 seep spring NASA:earthrealm Spring USGS:SDTS seep SPRING USGS:SDTS A point where groundwater or steam flows out of the ground, and is thus where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface or where there is a fissure. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_%28hydrosphere%29#Classification Geonames:feature spring sand pit quarry A quarry from which sand is extracted. ENVO ENVO:00000028 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_pit sand pit A quarry from which sand is extracted. MA:ma watercourse A flowing body of water. ENVO ENVO:00000029 EcoLexicon:brook EcoLexicon:course EcoLexicon:culvert EcoLexicon:gully EcoLexicon:ravine EcoLexicon:spillway EcoLexicon:waterway FTT:105 Geonames:H.NRWS Geonames:H.RCH Geonames:H.WTRC Geonames:S.SPLY TGN:21110 TGN:21131 TGN:21133 TGN:21137 TGN:21163 TGN:21499 awawa barranca beck branch brook course culvert draw dredged channel fork gulch gully gut gutter https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercourse kill lode moat narrows narrows narrows (hydrographic) overflow channel passage pup race ravine reach rill rivulet run runnel seachannel seaway spillway stream tideway wash water gap USGS:SDTS reach USGS:SDTS overflow channel USGS:SDTS culvert USGS:SDTS draw USGS:SDTS seachannel Geonames:feature narrows USGS:SDTS fork USGS:SDTS runnel Getty:TGN narrows Geonames:feature spillway ADL:FTT stream USGS:SDTS moat USGS:SDTS awawa USGS:SDTS course USGS:SDTS lode Geonames:feature reach USGS:SDTS gut USGS:SDTS tideway Getty:TGN passage A flowing body of water. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercourse Getty:TGN run USGS:SDTS rill USGS:SDTS narrows USGS:SDTS brook USGS:SDTS dredged channel USGS:SDTS run USGS:SDTS wash USGS:SDTS barranca USGS:SDTS water gap USGS:SDTS kill USGS:SDTS rivulet USGS:SDTS branch Getty:TGN gut Getty:TGN reach USGS:SDTS gulch USGS:SDTS race ADL:FTT narrows (hydrographic) USGS:SDTS ravine USGS:SDTS gully USGS:SDTS gutter USGS:SDTS seaway USGS:SDTS passage USGS:SDTS pup USGS:SDTS spillway USGS:SDTS beck dead cave A cave without streams or drips of water. ENVO ENVO:00000030 dry cave A cave without streams or drips of water. web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html wadi A valley or ravine, bounded by relatively steep banks, which in the rainy season becomes a watercourse. ENVO ENVO:00000031 EcoLexicon:wadi FTT:157 FTT:158 FTT:159 FTT:160 FTT:161 FTT:163 FTT:164 Geonames:H.WAD Geonames:H.WADB Geonames:H.WADJ Geonames:H.WADS SWEETRealm:Arroyo SWEETRealm:Wash TGN:21167 TGN:21423 TGN:21424 The temporality of wadis is problematic in deciding whether they are watercourses or valleys. arroyo coulee gully https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadi nullah wadi wadi bend wadi junction wadi mouth wadis wash watercourse Geonames:feature wadi Geonames:feature wadi bend ADL:FTT arroyo ADL:FTT coulee Geonames:feature wadis ADL:FTT wadi junction ADL:FTT gully ADL:FTT wadi mouth ADL:FTT wadi bend USGS:SDTS nullah Getty:TGN coulee USGS:SDTS watercourse ADL:FTT wash A valley or ravine, bounded by relatively steep banks, which in the rainy season becomes a watercourse. Geonames:feature bay An area of water bordered by land on three sides. ENVO ENVO:00000032 EcoLexicon:bay FTT:190 FTT:232 FTT:235 Geonames:H.BAY Geonames:H.BAYS Geonames:H.BGHT SWEETRealm:Bay TGN:21121 TGN:21123 TGN:21127 bahia embayment firth https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay inlet sea loch sea lough An area of water bordered by land on three sides. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay USGS:SDTS inlet ADL:FTT bahia pond A body of water, usually of smaller size than a lake. ENVO ENVO:00000033 EcoLexicon:pond FTT:221 FTT:902 FTT:904 FTT:905 Geonames:H.PND Geonames:H.PNDS Geonames:H.POOL POOL Pond SPIRE:Lake_or_pond SWEETRealm:Pond TGN:21104 TGN:21119 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pond lake millpond pond ponds pool pool (water body) pool (water body) USGS:SDTS lake Geonames:feature ponds Geonames:feature pond USGS:SDTS pool ADL:FTT lake Getty:TGN POOL ADL:FTT pool (water body) NASA:earthrealm Pond USGS:SDTS pool (water body) USGS:SDTS millpond ADL:FTT pond A body of water, usually of smaller size than a lake. MA:ma ADL:FTT millpond Geonames:feature pool rapids An area of broken, fast flowing water in a stream, where the slope of the bed increases (but without a prominent break of slope which might result in a waterfall), or where a gently dipping bar of harder rock outcrops. ENVO ENVO:00000034 EcoLexicon:rapids FTT:212 Geonames:H.RPDS RAPIDS SWEETRealm:Torrent TGN:21162 cataract https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapids rapids torrent USGS:SDTS torrent ADL:FTT rapids An area of broken, fast flowing water in a stream, where the slope of the bed increases (but without a prominent break of slope which might result in a waterfall), or where a gently dipping bar of harder rock outcrops. USGS:SDTS RAPIDS USGS:SDTS Geonames:feature rapids USGS:SDTS cataract marsh A wetland, featuring grasses, rushes, reeds, typhas, sedges, and other herbaceous plants (possibly with low-growing woody plants) in a context of shallow water. ENVO ENVO:00000035 EcoLexicon:marsh FTT:1118 FTT:185 FTT:945 Geonames:H.MRSH LTER:326 Marsh SPIRE:Marsh SWEETRealm:Marsh TGN:21322 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsh marsh quagmire wetland A wetland, featuring grasses, rushes, reeds, typhas, sedges, and other herbaceous plants (possibly with low-growing woody plants) in a context of shallow water. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsh Geonames:feature marsh USGS:SDTS quagmire Marsh NASA:earthrealm ADL:FTT wetland ADL:FTT quagmire USGS:SDTS wetland irrigation canal Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used irrigation. ENVO ENVO:00000036 FTT:129 FTT:405 Geonames:H.CNLI canal irrigation canal ADL:FTT irrigation canal Geonames:feature irrigation canal Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used irrigation. MA:ma Geonames:feature canal ditch A small, human-made channel which has been dug for draining or irrigating the land. ENVO ENVO:00000037 EcoLexicon:drain FTT:129 FTT:400 FTT:403 Geomames:DTCH SWEETRealm:Drain TGN:51256 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditch A small, human-made channel which has been dug for draining or irrigating the land. Geonames:feature lagoon A sheet of saline water separated from the open sea by sand or shingle banks. The sheet of water between an offshore reef, especially of coral and mainland. The sheet of water within a ring or horseshoe shaped atoll. ENVO ENVO:00000038 EcoLexicon:lagoon FTT:221 FTT:898 FTT:899 Geonames:H.LGN Geonames:H.LGNS LAGOON Lagoon SWEETRealm:Lagoon TGN:21125 barrier lagoon https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagoon lagoon lagoons laguna lake LAGOON USGS:SDTS Geonames:feature lagoon Geonames:feature lagoons ADL:FTT lake USGS:SDTS barrier lagoon Lagoon NASA:earthrealm ADL:FTT laguna A sheet of saline water separated from the open sea by sand or shingle banks. The sheet of water between an offshore reef, especially of coral and mainland. The sheet of water within a ring or horseshoe shaped atoll. USGS:SDTS USGS:SDTS laguna fjord A long and narrow sea inlet with high steeply sloped walled sides. A fjord is a landform created during a period of glaciation. ENVO ENVO:00000039 EcoLexicon:fiord FTT:231 FTT:690 FTT:704 Geonames:H.FJD Geonames:H.FJDS SWEETRealm:Fiord SWEETRealm:Fjord TGN:21122 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fjord envoPolar A long and narrow sea inlet with high steeply sloped walled sides. A fjord is a landform created during a period of glaciation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fjord waterfall A sudden descent of water over a step or ledge in the bed of a river. ENVO ENVO:00000040 EcoLexicon:force EcoLexicon:waterfall FTT:435 FTT:436 FTT:439 FTT:680 Geonames:H.FLLS TGN:21161 TGN:21166 WATERFALL cascade cataract fall falls force https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall linn waterfalls Should this be a hydroform? Geonames:feature waterfalls USGS:SDTS cascade ADL:FTT fall Getty:TGN cataract ADL:FTT cascade USGS:SDTS falls A sudden descent of water over a step or ledge in the bed of a river. USGS:SDTS USGS:SDTS WATERFALL ADL:FTT cataract tidal creek A tidal water channel. Creeks may often dry to a muddy channel with little or no flow at low tide, but often with significant depth of water at high tide. ENVO ENVO:00000041 FTT:105 FTT:1223 Geonames:H.CRKT https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_creek stream tidal creek A tidal water channel. Creeks may often dry to a muddy channel with little or no flow at low tide, but often with significant depth of water at high tide. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_creek Geonames:feature tidal creek ADL:FTT stream drainage canal Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used drainage. ENVO ENVO:00000042 FTT:129 FTT:401 Geonames:H.CNLD canal drainage canal Geonames:feature drainage canal Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used drainage. MA:ma ADL:FTT drainage canal ADL:FTT canal wetland An area that is inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. ENVO ENVO:00000043 EcoLexicon:wetland EstuarineWetland FTT:1001 FTT:1060 FTT:1061 FTT:1118 FTT:1180 FTT:1190 FTT:1206 FTT:1207 FTT:1226 FTT:184 FTT:185 FTT:228 FTT:281 FTT:480 FTT:716 FTT:883 FTT:934 FTT:945 FTT:983 Geonames:H.WTLD LTER:630 LacustrineWetland MarineWetland PalustrineWetland RiparianWetland SPIRE:Bog SWEETRealm:Wetland TGN:21301 TGN:21304 TGN:21305 TerrestialWetland WETLAND Wetland WetlandRegion back marsh backswamp backwater barrier flat blanket bog bog cienaga dismal everglade floating marsh forested wetland https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetland marsh mire moor morass mud flat muskeg peat cutting area peatland quagmire quaking bog riparian area slash slough slue swamp forest tulelands wetland USGS:SDTS moor ADL:FTT bog NASA:earthrealm TerrestialWetland Getty:TGN bog ADL:FTT mire USGS:SDTS quaking bog USGS:SDTS WETLAND ADL:FTT mud flat USGS:SDTS swamp forest NASA:earthrealm WetlandRegion ADL:FTT backwater MarineWetland NASA:earthrealm USGS:SDTS muskeg ADL:FTT peatland ADL:FTT slue USGS:SDTS blanket bog Getty:TGN slough LacustrineWetland NASA:earthrealm ADL:FTT slough USGS:SDTS back marsh USGS:SDTS dismal USGS:SDTS backswamp ADL:FTT marsh USGS:SDTS slough USGS:SDTS mire USGS:SDTS barrier flat ADL:FTT forested wetland USGS:SDTS tulelands USGS:SDTS floating marsh ADL:FTT quagmire USGS:SDTS quagmire NASA:earthrealm RiparianWetland NASA:earthrealm PalustrineWetland An area that is inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetland NASA:earthrealm Wetland ADL:FTT peat cutting area USGS:SDTS everglade USGS:SDTS morass ADL:FTT cienaga EstuarineWetland NASA:earthrealm Geonames:feature wetland ADL:FTT riparian area USGS:SDTS slash peatland A wetland type that accumulates acidic peat, a deposit of dead plant material. ENVO ENVO:00000044 EcoLexicon:peat_bog FTT:1061 FTT:185 FTT:281 FTT:983 Geonames:H.BOG LTER:402 LTER:70 Peatland SPIRE:Bog SWEETRealm:Peatland TGN:21304 bog https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peatland mire morass muskeg peat bog wetland envoPolar USGS:SDTS muskeg USGS:SDTS peat bog ADL:FTT bog USGS:SDTS morass A wetland type that accumulates acidic peat, a deposit of dead plant material. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bog Geonames:feature bog USGS:SDTS wetland NASA:earthrealm Peatland USGS:SDTS bog ADL:FTT wetland estuary A semi-enclosed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. ENVO ENVO:00000045 EcoLexicon:estuary Estuary FTT:234 Geonames:H.ESTY LTER:182 SWEETRealm:Estuary TGN:21152 estuary https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary inlet mouth USGS:SDTS mouth A semi-enclosed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary USGS:SDTS inlet Geonames:feature estuary Estuary NASA:earthrealm hedge A dense growth of shrubbery planted as a fence or boundary. ENVO ENVO:00000046 HEDGE hedgerow https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedge shelter belt USGS:SDTS shelter belt A dense growth of shrubbery planted as a fence or boundary. USGS:SDTS HEDGE USGS:SDTS USGS:SDTS hedgerow canopy ENVO ENVO:00000047 EcoLexicon:canopy LTER:82 SWEETRealm:Canopy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canopy navigation canal Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used navigation. ENVO ENVO:00000048 EcoLexicon:navigation_channel FTT:409 FTT:467 Geonames:H.CHNN Geonames:H.CNLN TGN:51257 navigation canal navigation canal navigation channel navigation channel ship cannal Geonames:feature navigation channel ADL:FTT navigation channel USGS:SDTS ship cannal Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used navigation. MA:ma ADL:FTT navigation canal Geonames:feature navigation canal obsolete volcanic hydrographic feature ENVO ENVO:00000049 ENVO:00000052 ENVO:00000215 ENVO:00000407 ENVO:01000265 true geyser A hot spring that erupts periodically, ejecting a column of hot water and steam into the air. ENVO ENVO:00000050 EcoLexicon:geyser FTT:755 GEYSER Geonames:H.GYSR TGN:21171 geyser https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geyser thermal feature ADL:FTT thermal feature A hot spring that erupts periodically, ejecting a column of hot water and steam into the air. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geyser GEYSER USGS:SDTS Geonames:feature geyser hot spring A spring that is produced by the emergence of geothermally-heated groundwater from the Earth's crust. ENVO ENVO:00000051 EcoLexicon:thermal_spring FTT:732 FTT:815 Geonames:H.SPNT hot spring hotspring https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_spring spring thermal feature thermal spring ADL:FTT thermal feature A spring that is produced by the emergence of geothermally-heated groundwater from the Earth's crust. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_spring USGS:SDTS spring Geonames:feature hot spring crater lake A lake contained within a volcanic crater. ENVO ENVO:00000052 FTT:384 FTT:590 Geonames:H.LKC Geonames:H.LKSC TGN:21138 caldera lake https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crater_lake A lake contained within a volcanic crater. MA:ma freshwater marsh A marsh associated with water that contains low concentrations of salts. ENVO ENVO:00000053 A marsh associated with water that contains low concentrations of salts. MA:ma saline marsh A marsh whose water contains a considerable quantity of dissolved salts. ENVO ENVO:00000054 EcoLexicon:salt_marsh FTT:1190 FTT:185 Geonames:H.MRSHN LTER:482 TGN:21323 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_marsh salt marsh salt marsh salting tidal marsh wetland It would be more correct to say that this has_quality salty or has_part ((soil and water) and has_increased_levels_of salt. Geonames:feature salt marsh USGS:SDTS salting A marsh whose water contains a considerable quantity of dissolved salts. MA:ma USGS:SDTS salt marsh USGS:SDTS tidal marsh ADL:FTT wetland saline evaporation pond A shallow man-made pond designed to produce salt from sea water. The seawater is fed into large ponds and water is drawn out through natural evaporation which allows the salt to be subsequently harvested. ENVO ENVO:00000055 FTT:221 FTT:906 FTT:908 Geonames:H.MFGN Geonames:H.PNDN Geonames:H.PNDSN https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_evaporation_pond lake salt evaporation pond salt pond salt ponds saltern Geonames:feature salt ponds A shallow man-made pond designed to produce salt from sea water. The seawater is fed into large ponds and water is drawn out through natural evaporation which allows the salt to be subsequently harvested. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_evaporation_ponds ADL:FTT salt pond ADL:FTT lake ADL:FTT salt evaporation pond Geonames:feature salt evaporation pond Geonames:feature salt pond fishpond A pond or lake used for the artificial culture of fish. ENVO ENVO:00000056 FTT:221 FTT:696 FTT:701 Geonames:H.PNDSF https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishpond A pond or lake used for the artificial culture of fish. MA:ma mangrove swamp An swamp formed of trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics. ENVO ENVO:00000057 EcoLexicon:mangrove_swamp FTT:185 FTT:934 Geonames:H.MGV MangroveForest https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove_swamp mangal mangrove swamp wetland woodland ADL:FTT wetland An swamp formed of trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics. MA:ma USGS:SDTS wetland USGS:SDTS woodland MangroveForest NASA:earthrealm Geonames:feature mangrove swamp underground lake A lake which is formed under the surface of the Earth. Such a lake may be associated with caves and aquifers and springs. ENVO ENVO:00000058 FTT:445 FTT:449 Geonames:H.LKSB TGN:21188 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_lake underground lake envoPolar Geonames:feature underground lake A lake which is formed under the surface of the Earth. Such a lake may be associated with caves and aquifers and springs. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake#Types_of_lakes underground river A river that is under the surface of the Earth. ENVO ENVO:00000059 TGN:21187 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_river A river that is under the surface of the Earth. MA:ma underground stream A stream that is under the surface of the Earth. ENVO ENVO:00000060 A stream that is under the surface of the Earth. MA:ma underground water body A geographical feature associated with water that is under the surface of the earth. ENVO ENVO:00000061 This class should probably be replaced with a quality-like entity "underground" which can then be distributed to the subclasses, solving the double inheritance. A geographical feature associated with water that is under the surface of the earth. MA:ma populated place ENVO ENVO:00000062 FTT:1097 FTT:33 Geonames:P.PPL Geonames:P.PPLS Place or area with clustered or scattered buildings and a permanent human population. TGN:22201 TGN:83002 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populated_place inhabited place inhabited region place populated locality populated place populated places settlement Geonames:feature populated places USGS:SDTS place Getty:TGN inhabited place Place or area with clustered or scattered buildings and a permanent human population. USGS:http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html Geonames:feature populated place USGS:SDTS settlement water body An accumulation of water of varying size. ENVO ENVO:00000063 EcoLexicon:waterbody FTT:131 FTT:280 FTT:827 SWEETRealm:BodyOfWater TGN:21100 TGN:21101 aquatic feature bodies of water body of water https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ The term body of water most often refers to large accumulations of water, such as oceans, seas, and lakes, but it includes smaller pools of water such as ponds, wetlands, or more rarely, puddles. A body of water does not have to be still or contained; Rivers, streams, canals, and other geographical features where water moves from one place to another are also considered bodies of water. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_body hydrographic feature waterbody An accumulation of water of varying size. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_of_water Getty:TGN body of water Getty:TGN bodies of water ADL:FTT hydrographic feature ADL:FTT body of water road An open way for the passage of vehicles, persons, or animals on land. ENVO ENVO:00000064 EcoLexicon:road FTT:1058 FTT:1183 FTT:1185 FTT:1187 FTT:431 FTT:443 FTT:646 FTT:798 FTT:884 Geonames:R Geonames:R.RD Geonames:R.ST LTER:475 ROAD SWEETRealm:Highway TGN:53151 TGN:53153 TGN:53154 TGN:53157 accessway alley avenue board walk boulevard caravan route cart track causeway drive drove farm lane freeway highway https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road intersection lane parkway road road bend road junction roadway street thorofare thoroughfare thruway traffic circle turnpike ADL:FTT causeway USGS:SDTS accessway ADL:FTT drove USGS:SDTS farm lane ADL:FTT road bend ADL:FTT road junction Getty:TGN highway USGS:SDTS thoroughfare Getty:TGN parkway Getty:TGN street ADL:FTT intersection ADL:FTT caravan route USGS:SDTS boulevard USGS:SDTS cart track USGS:SDTS alley USGS:SDTS turnpike ADL:FTT roadway USGS:SDTS avenue ADL:FTT street USGS:SDTS street Geonames:feature road USGS:SDTS board walk USGS:SDTS thruway USGS:SDTS thorofare USGS:SDTS highway ROAD USGS:SDTS An open way for the passage of vehicles, persons, or animals on land. USGS:SDTS ADL:FTT drive ADL:FTT highway ADL:FTT traffic circle ADL:FTT parkway USGS:SDTS freeway Geonames:feature street railway A permanent way having one or more rails which provides a track for cars. ENVO ENVO:00000065 FTT:1132 FTT:960 Geonames:R Geonames:R.RR RAILWAY TGN:53155 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railway railroad railroad feature Geonames:feature railroad ADL:FTT railroad feature RAILWAY USGS:SDTS Getty:TGN railroad A permanent way having one or more rails which provides a track for cars. USGS:SDTS USGS:SDTS railroad man-made tunnel A tunnel constructed by human means. ENVO ENVO:00000066 FTT:1136 FTT:1184 FTT:396 FTT:397 Geonames:R.TNL Geonames:R.TNLRD Geonames:R.TNLRR Geonames:R.TNLS TGN:51845 canal tunnel https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel railroad tunnel road tunnel tunnel tunnels underpass A tunnel constructed by human means. MA:ma ADL:FTT railroad tunnel Geonames:feature tunnels Geonames:feature tunnel ADL:FTT tunnel ADL:FTT canal tunnel USGS:SDTS underpass Geonames:feature railroad tunnel Geonames:feature road tunnel ADL:FTT road tunnel cave ENVO ENVO:00000067 FTT:1071 FTT:443 FTT:445 FTT:446 FTT:447 Geonames:S.CAVE Naturally formed, subterranean open area or chamber. SWEETRealm:Cave TGN:21485 TGN:21486 cavern grotto https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave notch ADL:FTT cavern Naturally formed, subterranean open area or chamber. USGS:SDTS USGS:SDTS grotto USGS:SDTS cavern USGS:SDTS notch tunnel An underground or underwater passage. ENVO ENVO:00000068 FTT:445 FTT:448 Geonames:R.TNLN SWEETRealm:Tunnel TGN:21447 TUNNEL cave https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel natural tunnel Geonames:feature natural tunnel TUNNEL USGS:SDTS ADL:FTT cave Getty:TGN natural tunnel An underground or underwater passage. USGS:SDTS distributary A stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel. They are a common feature of river deltas. ENVO ENVO:00000069 FTT:636 Geonames:H.STMD distributary https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributary stream stream distributary watercourse ADL:FTT stream A stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel. They are a common feature of river deltas. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributary ADL:FTT distributary Getty:TGN stream distributary Geonames:feature distributary USGS:SDTS watercourse constructed feature A feature that has been constructed by deliberate human effort. ENVO ENVO:00000070 "constructed" should probably be made something like a quality and this class obsoleted or filled only by inferece A feature that has been constructed by deliberate human effort. MA:ma fault cave A cave developed along a fault or fault zone, either by movement of the fault or by preferential solution along it. ENVO ENVO:00000071 A cave developed along a fault or fault zone, either by movement of the fault or by preferential solution along it. web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html aquaduct ENVO ENVO:00000072 FTT:128 Geonames:H.CNLA SWEETRealm:Aqueduct Structure designed to transport water from a remote source, usually by gravity. TGN:51258 WATERCOURSE BRIDGE aqueduct https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaduct ADL:FTT Structure designed to transport water from a remote source, usually by gravity. USGS:SDTS aqueduct Getty:TGN aqueduct Geonames:feature aqueduct USGS:SDTS WATERCOURSE BRIDGE building A permanent walled and roofed construction. BUILDING ENVO ENVO:00000073 FTT:42 Geonames:S.BLDG LTER:76 TGN:51011 building https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building Geonames:feature building BUILDING USGS:SDTS A permanent walled and roofed construction. USGS:SDTS dam A barrier constructed across a watercourse to control the flow or raise the level of water. DAM Dam ENVO ENVO:00000074 EcoLexicon:dam FTT:599 FTT:600 Geonames:S.DAM SWEETRealm:Dam TGN:51253 barrage dam dam site https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam DAM USGS:SDTS Geonames:feature dam USGS:SDTS barrage ADL:FTT dam site Dam NASA:earthrealm A barrier constructed across a watercourse to control the flow or raise the level of water. USGS:SDTS bridge A built structure erected over a depression or obstacle to carry traffic or some facility such as a pipeline. BRIDGE ENVO ENVO:00000075 EcoLexicon:bridge FTT:297 Geonames:S.BDG TGN:51841 bridge covered bridge footbridge https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge overpass USGS:SDTS overpass BRIDGE USGS:SDTS USGS:SDTS footbridge Geonames:feature bridge A built structure erected over a depression or obstacle to carry traffic or some facility such as a pipeline. USGS:SDTS USGS:SDTS covered bridge mine An excavation in the Earth for the purpose of extracting earth materials. ENVO ENVO:00000076 EcoLexicon:mine FTT:14 FTT:968 Geonames:L.MNA Geonames:S.MN TGN:54211 TGN:54212 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mine An excavation in the Earth for the purpose of extracting earth materials. USGS:SDTS agricultural feature AgriculturalLands As with other classes that are "features", the subclasses of this class are being moved to more informative locations. Their relation to agriculture will be modelled by something more akin to a quality or relation to an agricultural process. ENVO ENVO:00000077 FTT:1246 FTT:1247 FTT:44 FTT:45 FTT:46 FTT:48 FTT:50 FTT:51 FTT:52 FTT:57 FTT:60 FTT:62 FTT:63 FTT:64 FTT:72 FTT:74 Geonames:L.AGRC Geonames:L.RESA Geonames:S.NSY TGN:55001 agricultural colony agricultural facility agricultural land agricultural reserve agricultural site bailing station barn cattle dipping tank corral dairy feedlot grange grazing allotment irrigated field nursery pastoral site sheepfold stockyard AgriculturalLands NASA:earthrealm ADL:FTT irrigated field ADL:FTT pastoral site ADL:FTT corral Geonames:feature agricultural reserve ADL:FTT agricultural site ADL:FTT barn ADL:FTT bailing station Geonames:feature agricultural colony ADL:FTT agricultural facility ADL:FTT nursery ADL:FTT cattle dipping tank ADL:FTT grazing allotment ADL:FTT dairy ADL:FTT sheepfold Geonames:feature nursery ADL:FTT grange Getty:TGN agricultural land ADL:FTT feedlot ADL:FTT stockyard ADL:FTT agricultural reserve farm A tract of crop or grazing land, as well as the group of buildings with and often surrounding a farmhouse, including barns, sheds, and other outbuildings, used for agricultural production. ENVO ENVO:00000078 FARM FTT:45 FTT:58 FTT:59 FTT:69 Geonames:S.FRM Geonames:S.FRMS Geonames:S.RNCH TGN:54011 agricultural site farm farms farmstead https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farm nursery ranch USGS:SDTS nursery Getty:TGN ranch ADL:FTT farmstead A tract of crop or grazing land, as well as the group of buildings with and often surrounding a farmhouse, including barns, sheds, and other outbuildings, used for agricultural production. USGS:SDTS Geonames:feature ranch USGS:SDTS ranch ADL:FTT agricultural site FARM USGS:SDTS Geonames:feature farms Geonames:feature farm flume An open artificial water channel, that leads water from a diversion dam or weir completely aside a natural flow, often an elevated box structure (typically wood) that follows the natural contours of the land. ENVO ENVO:00000079 EcoLexicon:flume FTT:129 FTT:404 canal flume (manmade) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flume watercourse USGS:SDTS watercourse ADL:FTT canal An open artificial water channel, that leads water from a diversion dam or weir completely aside a natural flow, often an elevated box structure (typically wood) that follows the natural contours of the land. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flume ADL:FTT flume (manmade) mountain range A series of connected and aligned mountains or mountain ridges. ENVO ENVO:00000080 EcoLexicon:mountain_range FTT:548 FTT:995 FTT:997 Geonamaes:MTS MOUNT RANGE SWEETRealm:MountainRange TGN:21431 TGN:21432 cordillera https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_range mountain chain mountain group mountain range mountain system sierra envoPolar ADL:FTT cordillera Geonames:feature mountain range MOUNT RANGE USGS:SDTS Getty:TGN mountain system A series of connected and aligned mountains or mountain ridges. USGS:SDTS ADL:FTT sierra mountain A landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill, but there is no universally accepted standard definition for the height of a mountain or a hill although a mountain usually has an identifiable summit and a local relief of more than 300m. ENVO ENVO:00000081 EcoLexicon:mountain FTT:1000 FTT:118 FTT:460 FTT:548 FTT:713 FTT:896 FTT:993 Geonames:T.MT Geonames:T.MTS Mountain SWEETRealm:Mountain TGN:21430 TGN:21434 cerro cordillera foothill https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain knoll mound mount mountain mountains envoPolar ADL:FTT foothill A landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill, but there is no universally accepted standard definition for the height of a mountain or a hill although a mountain usually has an identifiable summit and a local relief of more than 300m. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain#United_Kingdom USGS:SDTS mound USGS:SDTS foothill ADL:FTT cordillera Mountain NASA:earthrealm ADL:FTT knoll Geonames:feature mountain USGS:SDTS knoll ADL:FTT cerro USGS:SDTS mount Geonames:feature mountains hill range A group of hills bordered by lowlands. ENVO ENVO:00000082 A group of hills bordered by lowlands. MA:ma hill A rounded elevation of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m. ENVO ENVO:00000083 EcoLexicon:hill FTT:118 FTT:468 FTT:713 FTT:799 FTT:896 Geonames:T.HLL Geonames:T.HLLS SWEETRealm:Hill TGN:21437 TGN:21438 cerro foothill hill hillock hills https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill knoll mount mountain USGS:SDTS hillock USGS:SDTS mount ADL:FTT foothill A rounded elevation of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m. Geonames:feature USGS:SDTS foothill Geonames:feature hill Geonames:feature hills USGS:SDTS knoll ADL:FTT mountain mountain pass A lower point that allows easier access through a mountain range. A pass has the general form of a saddle between two mountains. ENVO ENVO:00000084 EcoLexicon:mountain_pass FTT:510 FTT:612 FTT:738 FTT:739 FTT:740 Geonames:T.GAP Geonames:T.PASS Geonames:T.SDL SWEETRealm:Pass TGN:21433 TGN:21436 TGN:21524 col defile gap https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_pass notch pass pass saddle saddle (physiographic) sill (physiographic) envoPolar ADL:FTT col USGS:SDTS saddle USGS:SDTS notch USGS:SDTS col USGS:SDTS gap ADL:FTT pass ADL:FTT defile USGS:SDTS defile Geonames:feature saddle Geonames:feature pass ADL:FTT saddle (physiographic) ADL:FTT sill (physiographic) Getty:TGN saddle A lower point that allows easier access through a mountain range. A pass has the general form of a saddle between two mountains. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_pass Getty:TGN gap alpine glacier A glacier contained in the site of a mountain valley. ENVO ENVO:00000085 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4366-3088 We need to added classes such as "valley site" in order to fully axiomatize this class envoPolar http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3410-4655 A glacier contained in the site of a mountain valley. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacier#Types https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_glacier https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1216/text.html plain A region of general uniform slope, comparatively level, and of considerable extent. ENVO ENVO:00000086 EcoLexicon:plain FTT:707 FTT:874 FTT:926 Geonames:T.PLN PLAIN Plain SWEETRealm:Plain TGN:21461 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain interfluve llanos outwash plain plain ADL:FTT interfluve NASA:earthrealm Plain PLAIN USGS:SDTS ADL:FTT llanos A region of general uniform slope, comparatively level, and of considerable extent. USGS:SDTS Geonames:feature plain USGS:SDTS outwash plain cliff A high, steep, or overhanging face of rock. CLIFF ENVO ENVO:00000087 EcoLexicon:cliff FTT:268 FTT:269 FTT:491 FTT:492 Geonames:T.CLF SWEETRealm:Cliff TGN:21487 TGN:21488 beach scarp bluff ceja cliff https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliff ice cliff palisade precipice scar scarp scaw scraps USGS:SDTS bluff USGS:SDTS palisade ADL:FTT scraps A high, steep, or overhanging face of rock. USGS:SDTS Geonames:feature cliff ADL:FTT bluff USGS:SDTS ice cliff USGS:SDTS scarp CLIFF USGS:SDTS USGS:SDTS scaw USGS:SDTS scar USGS:SDTS beach scarp USGS:SDTS ceja USGS:SDTS precipice sea cliff A cliff that is a margin of a sea or ocean. ENVO ENVO:00000088 coastal cliff https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_cliff marine cliff envoPolar USGS:SDTS marine cliff A cliff that is a margin of a sea or ocean. MA:ma inland cliff ENVO ENVO:00000089 EcoLexicon:crag FTT:589 crag USGS:SDTS crag ADL:FTT crag coastal plain An area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a coast and separated from the interior by other features. ENVO ENVO:00000090 EcoLexicon:coastal_plain EcoLexicon:coastal_zone FTT:240 FTT:499 FTT:500 FTT:501 FTT:502 FTT:503 FTT:504 SWEETRealm:CoastalPlain https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_plain An area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a coast and separated from the interior by other features. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_plain beach A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a body of water. Beach ENVO ENVO:00000091 EcoLexicon:beach EcoLexicon:to_beach FTT:237 FTT:239 Geonames:T.BCH Geonames:T.BCHS SWEETRealm:Beach TGN:21482 beach beach berm beaches foreshore flats https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach lagoon beach rivage strand Beach NASA:earthrealm ADL:FTT strand USGS:SDTS beach berm USGS:SDTS strand Geonames:feature beaches Geonames:feature beach USGS:SDTS rivage USGS:SDTS foreshore flats USGS:SDTS lagoon beach A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a body of water. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach sea beach A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a sea. ENVO ENVO:00000092 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strand strand A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a sea. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach lacustrine beach A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a lake. ENVO ENVO:00000093 A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a lake. MA:ma volcanic feature A feature associated with a volcano, an opening, or rupture, in the Earth's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash and gases to escape from deep below the surface. ENVO ENVO:00000094 FTT:591 TGN:21407 volcanic landform A feature associated with a volcano, an opening, or rupture, in the Earth's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash and gases to escape from deep below the surface. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano Getty:TGN volcanic landform obsolete lava field A feature formed by cooled lava, the molten rock that is expelled by a volcano during an eruption. ENVO ENVO:00000095 ENVO:01000437 EcoLexicon:lava_flow FTT:916 FTT:917 Geonames:T.LAVA TGN:21612 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_field lava area lava flow lava plain true A feature formed by cooled lava, the molten rock that is expelled by a volcano during an eruption. MA:ma ADL:FTT lava area Geonames:feature lava area Getty:TGN lava flow caldera A feature formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption. ENVO ENVO:00000096 FTT:384 Geonames:T.CLDA TGN:21409 caldera crater https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldera USGS:SDTS crater A feature formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldera Geonames:feature caldera desert A region rendered barren or partially barren by environmental extremes, especially by low rainfall. DESERT ENVO ENVO:00000097 EcoLexicon:desert FTT:1 FTT:188 Geonames:T.DSRT LTER:147 SWEETRealm:Desert TGN:21201 arid region desert https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert envoPolar ADL:FTT arid region A region rendered barren or partially barren by environmental extremes, especially by low rainfall. USGS:SDTS Geonames:feature desert DESERT USGS:SDTS island Area of dry or relatively dry land surrounded by water or low wetland. ENVO ENVO:00000098 EcoLexicon:island FTT:147 FTT:450 FTT:886 FTT:887 FTT:888 FTT:889 Geonames:T.ISL Geonames:T.ISLS SWEETRealm:Island TGN:21468 TGN:21469 TGN:21471 TGN:21475 cay eyot holm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island hummock isle islet key envoPolar Area of dry or relatively dry land surrounded by water or low wetland. USGS:SDTS Getty:TGN islet ADL:FTT isle USGS:SDTS key ADL:FTT islet USGS:SDTS cay USGS:SDTS islet USGS:SDTS hummock artificial island An island constructed by human effort. ENVO ENVO:00000099 FTT:1023 FTT:171 Geonames:T.ISLF artificial island https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_island offshore platform Geonames:feature artificial island ADL:FTT offshore platform An island constructed by human effort. MA:ma valley A depression caused by erosion by water or ice. Low-lying land bordered by higher ground; especially elongate, relatively large gently sloping depressions of the Earth's surface, commonly situated between two mountains or between ranges of hills or mountains, and often containing a stream with an outlet. ENVO ENVO:00000100 EcoLexicon:valley FTT:158 FTT:166 FTT:418 FTT:761 FTT:811 FTT:949 Geonames:T.GRGE Geonames:T.VAL Geonames:T.VALS SWEETRealm:Valley TGN:21425 TGN:21451 TGN:21452 TGN:21453 VALLEY chasm coulee dale glacial gorge glacial trough glen goe gorge graben gulch gully hollow https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley lavaka median valley moat ravine re-entrant seachannel shelf valley strath trench vale valley valleys water gap Geonames:feature valleys USGS:SDTS goe USGS:SDTS glacial gorge USGS:SDTS trench USGS:SDTS chasm USGS:SDTS graben ADL:FTT hollow USGS:SDTS strath USGS:SDTS hollow Geonames:feature gorge USGS:SDTS ravine ADL:FTT median valley Getty:TGN gully Geonames:feature median valley USGS:SDTS gully USGS:SDTS gulch USGS:SDTS glacial trough USGS:SDTS coulee USGS:SDTS glen ADL:FTT glen A depression caused by erosion by water or ice. Low-lying land bordered by higher ground; especially elongate, relatively large gently sloping depressions of the Earth's surface, commonly situated between two mountains or between ranges of hills or mountains, and often containing a stream with an outlet. ADL:FTT USGS:SDTS re-entrant Geonames:feature valley USGS:SDTS dale USGS:SDTS VALLEY USGS:SDTS moat USGS:SDTS gorge USGS:SDTS water gap Getty:TGN hollow USGS:SDTS seachannel Geonames:feature shelf valley delta A tract of alluvium formed at the mouth of a river where the deposition ofsome of its load exceeds its rate of removal, crossed by the divergent channels (distributaries) of the river. DELTA Delta ENVO ENVO:00000101 EcoLexicon:delta FTT:97 Geonames:T.DLTA SWEETRealm:Delta TGN:21164 TGN:21422 alluvial fan bay delta canyon delta delta fan fan delta https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta outwash outwash plain pass (delta) DELTA USGS:SDTS USGS:SDTS fan delta USGS:SDTS outwash Geonames:feature delta A tract of alluvium formed at the mouth of a river where the deposition ofsome of its load exceeds its rate of removal, crossed by the divergent channels (distributaries) of the river. USGS:SDTS Delta NASA:earthrealm USGS:SDTS fan USGS:SDTS bay delta USGS:SDTS outwash plain Getty:TGN pass (delta) USGS:SDTS alluvial fan USGS:SDTS canyon delta cave entrance Cueva de Altamira ENVO ENVO:00000102 FTT:444 mangrove island An island formed of trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics. ENVO ENVO:00000103 FTT:147 FTT:891 Geonames:T.ISLM island mangrove island An island formed of trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove ADL:FTT island Geonames:feature mangrove island undersea feature ENVO ENVO:00000104 EcoLexicon:fan EcoLexicon:platform EcoLexicon:ravine FTT:1020 FTT:1137 FTT:1176 FTT:1193 FTT:1194 FTT:1195 FTT:1196 FTT:5 FTT:810 FTT:984 Geonames:FRKU Geonames:FRSU Geonames:MDVU Geonames:PLFU Geonames:RAVU Geonames:RMPU Geonames:U.BSNU Geonames:U.EDGU Geonames:U.ESCU Geonames:U.FANU Geonames:U.FLTU Geonames:U.FURU Geonames:U.GAPU Geonames:U.GLYU Geonames:U.HOLU Geonames:U.LDGU Geonames:U.LEVU Geonames:U.PLNU Geonames:U.PLTU Geonames:U.PNLU Geonames:U.PRVU Geonames:U.RDGU Geonames:U.RDSU Geonames:U.RISU Geonames:U.SDLU Geonames:U.SHVU Geonames:U.SILU Geonames:U.SPRU Geonames:U.TERU Geonames:U.VALU Geonames:U.VLSU TGN:23001 TGN:23116 TGN:23117 TGN:23118 TGN:23135 TGN:23162 TGN:23181 TGN:23182 TGN:23183 TGN:23184 TGN:23188 TGN:23192 TGN:23193 TGN:23194 TGN:23195 TGN:23196 TGN:23211 TGN:23212 TGN:23301 TGN:23411 TGN:23412 TGN:23413 TGN:23415 TGN:23421 TGN:23423 TGN:23424 TGN:23431 TGN:23453 TGN:23461 TGN:23463 TGN:23467 TGN:23550 basin escarpment fan flat fork forks furrow gap gully hole hole (seafloor) ledge levee median valley moat (seafloor) ocean floor feature pinnacle plain plateau platform province ramp ramp (seafloor) ravine ridge ridges rise rise (seafloor) saddle seafloor feature shelf edge sill spur subsea feature terrace tongue (seafloor) undersea bank undersea basin undersea bench undersea cliff undersea fan undersea fork undersea fracture zone undersea furrow undersea gap undersea hole undersea ledge undersea levee undersea median valley undersea moat undersea peak undersea pinnacle undersea plain undersea platform undersea ramp undersea rise undersea saddle undersea shelf undersea shelf edge undersea shelf valley undersea sill undersea slope undersea spur undersea terrace undersea tongue undersea valley underwater feature valley valleys Geonames:feature furrow Getty:TGN undersea shelf valley Getty:TGN undersea moat Getty:TGN undersea slope Geonames:feature ramp Getty:TGN undersea terrace Getty:TGN undersea pinnacle Geonames:feature median valley Geonames:feature terrace Getty:TGN undersea plain Getty:TGN undersea gap Geonames:feature platform Geonames:feature valleys Getty:TGN undersea levee Getty:TGN undersea sill Geonames:feature escarpment Getty:TGN undersea hole Geonames:feature pinnacle Geonames:feature gully Geonames:feature ridges Getty:TGN undersea ramp Getty:TGN undersea shelf ADL:FTT hole (seafloor) Getty:TGN undersea fan Getty:TGN undersea bench Geonames:feature levee ADL:FTT rise (seafloor) Getty:TGN undersea spur Geonames:feature shelf edge Geonames:feature plain Geonames:feature ridge Getty:TGN undersea fork Geonames:feature spur Getty:TGN undersea tongue Getty:TGN undersea platform Getty:TGN undersea median valley Geonames:feature ravine ADL:FTT underwater feature Geonames:feature flat Geonames:feature province Geonames:feature hole Geonames:feature fork Geonames:feature forks Geonames:feature basin Geonames:feature rise Getty:TGN undersea saddle ADL:FTT subsea feature Getty:TGN undersea basin Getty:TGN undersea fracture zone Getty:TGN undersea ledge Geonames:feature fan Getty:TGN undersea peak ADL:FTT ramp (seafloor) Getty:TGN undersea valley Geonames:feature sill Geonames:feature ledge Getty:TGN undersea rise Geonames:feature valley ADL:FTT moat (seafloor) ADL:FTT seafloor feature Getty:TGN undersea bank Geonames:feature saddle Geonames:feature plateau Getty:TGN undersea shelf edge