]> Damion Dooley 2020-09-14 FoodOn (http://foodon.org) is a consortium-driven project to build a comprehensive and easily accessible global farm-to-fork ontology about food, that accurately and consistently describes foods commonly known in cultures from around the world. Food Ontology FOODON has food substance analog obsolete - has taxonomic identifier true A defining ingredient defines what a food is principally categorized as, rather than an ingredient listed by percentage of weight or volume. A food may have more than one defining ingredient. Damion Dooley FoodOn curators For example, 'bean soup' has a defining ingredient of some 'bean (whole)'. Similarly, spicy chicken wings require a defining ingredient of (usually minute) amounts of chilli. A soup may 'has ingredient' some bean, but that doesn't make it a 'bean soup', i.e. there should be no inference to that category. However, some classes may have that simple ingredient "necessary and sufficient" equivalency. has defining ingredient has ingredient A relation between a value specification and an entity which the specification is about. specifies value of has quality Damion Dooley 'egg white' 'has substance removed' some 'egg yolk' Damion Dooley has consumer has country of origin http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0246 aquatic animal ink propyl gallate http://langual.org Codex::310 Europe::310 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3228 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant. sodium ascorbate http://langual.org Codex::301 Europe::301 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3244 sodium l-ascorbate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant. sodium benzoate http://langual.org Codex::211 Europe::211 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3245 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. sodium metabisulphite http://langual.org Codex::223 Europe::223 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3263 sodium metabisulfite LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant, bleaching agent, flour treatment agent, preservative. vitamin a http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3750 potassium carbonate potassium carbonates http://langual.org Codex::501 Codex::501(i) Europe::501 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3205 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4450 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, stabilizer. sodium propionate http://langual.org Codex::281 Europe::281 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3270 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. bentonite http://langual.org Codex::558 Europe::558 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3012 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): anticaking agent. retinyl palmitate http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3767 acetic acid http://langual.org Codex::260 Europe::260 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2977 acetic acid, glacial LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, preservative. glycine http://langual.org Codex::640 Europe::640 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3110 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flavour enhancer. tartaric acid (l(+)-) http://langual.org Codex::334 Europe::334 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3300 tartaric acid, l(+)- LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, antioxidant synergist, sequestrant. succinic acid http://langual.org Codex::363 Europe::363 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3290 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. niacin nicotinic acid http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3757 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3772 lycopene http://langual.org Codex::160e Europe::160d http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3134 lycopenes LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. biotin http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3762 carbamide http://langual.org Codex::927b Europe::927b http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3058 urea (carbamide) LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flour treatment agent. carbon dioxide http://langual.org Codex::290 Europe::290 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3059 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): carbonating agent, packaging gas, preservative, propellant. riboflavin vitamin b2 http://langual.org Codex::101(i) Europe::101 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3233 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3756 riboflavin, synthetic LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. nitrous oxide http://langual.org Codex::942 Europe::942 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3174 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant, foaming agent, packaging gas, propellant. biphenyl, diphenyl http://langual.org Codex::230 Europe::230 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3016 diphenyl LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. erythritol http://langual.org Codex::968 Europe::968 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4390 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flavour enhancer, humectant, Sweetener. xylitol http://langual.org Codex::967 Europe::967 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3322 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): emulsifier, humectant, stabilizer, sweetener, thickener. nicotinamide http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3773 inosinic acid http://langual.org Codex::630 Europe::630 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3123 inosinic acid, 5’- LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flavour enhancer. A glycosylglucose consisting of two D-glucopyranose units connected by an alpha-(1->4)-linkage. maltose http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0206 LanguaL curation note: Used when maltose or a high maltose sweetener is the major ingredient. maltose pectin pectins http://langual.org Codex::440 Europe::440 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3182 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4453 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): emulsifier, gelling agent, stabilizer, thickener. cyanocobalamin http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3779 alginic acid http://langual.org Codex::400 Europe::400 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2984 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): bulking agent, carrier, emulsifier, foaming agent, gelling agent, glazing agent, humectant, sequestrant, stabilizer, thickener. l-cysteine http://langual.org Codex::920 Europe::920 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4426 cysteine, l- and its hydrochlorides - sodium and potassium salts LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flour treatment agent. beta-carotene http://langual.org Codex::160a Europe::160a http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3015 carotenes LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. riboflavin-5'-phosphate http://langual.org Codex::101(ii) Europe::101 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3234 riboflavin 5'-phosphate sodium LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. A glucose with D-configuration. dextrose http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0222 glucose, d- LanguaL term definition: Used when dextrose or a high dextrose sweetener, such as corn syrup or corn syrup solids, is the major ingredient. D-glucose A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form. lactose http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0209 LanguaL term definition: Used when lactose or a high lactose sweetener is the major ingredient. lactose glycerol http://langual.org Codex::422 Europe::422 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3107 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): bodying agent, humectant. hydrochloric acid http://langual.org Codex::507 Europe::507 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3117 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. benzyl alcohol http://langual.org Codex::1519 Europe::1519 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4407 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): carrier. SUBSET_SIREN:F15176 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0210 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=H0136 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=H0158 subset_siren LanguaL term definition: Used when sucrose (e.g., cane sugar or beet sugar) is the major ingredient. Note: on a product label or in a recipe, 'sugar' means sucrose. fumaric acid http://langual.org Codex::297 Europe::297 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3101 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. phylloquinone http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3788 phytomenadione vitamin K1 A biomacromolecule consisting of large numbers of monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. This term is commonly used only for those containing more than ten monosaccharide residues. polysaccharide http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0153 LanguaL term definition: Complex carbohydrate with molecules composed of eleven or more saccharide units. Usually not sweet to the taste. Includes starch, pectin and cellulose. polysaccharide gamma-tocopherol http://langual.org Codex::308 Europe::308 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3102 tocopherol, gamma-, synthetic LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant. ammonium hydroxide http://langual.org Codex::527 Europe::527 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2999 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. glutamic acid http://langual.org Codex::620 Europe::620 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3106 glutamic acid, l(+)- LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flavour enhancer. sulphur dioxide http://langual.org Codex::220 Europe::220 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3295 sulfur dioxide LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant, preservative. vitamin C role alpha-tocopherol http://langual.org Codex::307 Europe::307 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2986 dl-alpha-tocopherol tocopherols LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. ascorbic acid http://langual.org Codex::300 Europe::300 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3005 vitamin c ascorbic acid, l- l-ascorbic acid LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, antioxidant, flour treatment agent. carotenes http://langual.org Codex::160a Europe::160a http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4414 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. gluconic acid http://langual.org Codex::574 Europe::574 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3104 gluconic acid, d- LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, raising agent. agar http://langual.org Codex::406 Europe::406 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2983 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): bulking agent, carrier, coating agent, emulsifier, glazing agent, gelling agent, humectant, stabilizer, thickener. A dextrin in which the D-glucose units are linked by alpha-(1->4) glycosidic bonds. maltodextrin http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0282 maltodextrin phosphoric acid http://langual.org Codex::338 Europe::338 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3186 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, antioxidant synergist, sequestrant. polyphosphates http://langual.org Codex::452 Europe::452 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4441 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. sulphuric acid http://langual.org Codex::513 Europe::513 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3296 sulfuric acid LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3755 vitamin b1 vitamin d http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3752 vitamin b6 http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3759 folic acid http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3760 LanguaL curation note: Used when folic acid is added at any level. Always use this term for enriched flour or rice, enriched bakery products, and enriched macaroni or noodle products. (21 CFR 137. 610(a), 21 CFR 136.115(a)(1), and others). hydroxocobalamin http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3780 pullulan http://langual.org Codex::1204 Europe::1204 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4447 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): film-forming agent, glazing agent. An aldohexose that is the C-4 epimer of glucose. galactose http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0254 galactose, d- galactose vitamin k http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3754 A ketohexose that is an isomer of glucose. fructose http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0223 levulose LanguaL curation note: Used when pure fructose is the major ingredient. If *HIGH FRUCTOSE SYRUP* is the major ingredient, use that term for indexing. fructose aspartame http://langual.org Codex::951 Europe::951 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3008 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flavour enhancer, sweetener. pyridoxine 5'-phosphate http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3782 lutein http://langual.org Codex::161b Europe::161b http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3133 luteins LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3769 ergocalciferol http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3768 cholecalciferol chlorophylls http://langual.org Codex::140 Europe::140 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3065 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. propane-1,2-diol (propylene glycol) http://langual.org Codex::1520 Europe::1520 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3224 propylene glycol LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): dispersing agent, glazing agent, humectant, wetting agent. sodium carbonate http://langual.org Codex::500(i) Europe::500 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3247 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, anticaking agent, raising agent. mannitol http://langual.org Codex::421 Europe::421 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3148 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): anticaking agent, bulking agent, humectant, stabilizer, sweetener. potassium ferrocyanide http://langual.org Codex::536 Europe::536 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3207 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): anticaking agent. sodium ferrocyanide http://langual.org Codex::535 Europe::535 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3252 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): anticaking agent. isobutane http://langual.org Codex::943b Europe::943b http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4399 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): propellant. silicon dioxide http://langual.org Codex::551 Europe::551 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3237 silicon dioxide, amorphous LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): anticaking agent. hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose http://langual.org Codex::464 Europe::464 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3121 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): bulking agent, coating agent, emulsifier, glazing agent, stabilizer, thickener. benzoic acid http://langual.org Codex::210 Europe::210 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3013 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. propionic acid http://langual.org Codex::280 Europe::280 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3227 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. citric acid http://langual.org Codex::330 Europe::330 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B1650 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, antioxidant, sequestrant. adipic acid http://langual.org Codex::355 Europe::355 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2982 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. alcohol http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3324 sorbitol sorbitol as food source sorbitols sorbitols as food source http://langual.org Codex::420 Codex::420(i) Europe::420 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3285 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4427 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0281 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): bulking agent, humectant, sequestrant, stabilizer, sweetener. glucitol pyridoxine hydrochloride http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3781 It is used as food additive under the E number E510, working as a yeast nutrient in breadmaking and as an acidifier. It is a feed supplement for cattle and an ingredient in nutritive media for yeasts and many microorganisms. Ammonium chloride is used to spice up dark sweets called salmiak (popular in Nordic and other nearby countries),[18] in baking to give cookies a very crisp texture, and in the liquor Salmiakki Koskenkorva for flavouring. In Iran, Tajikistan, India, Pakistan and Arab countries it is called "Noshader" and is used to improve the crispness of snacks such as samosas and jalebi. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_chloride] calcium oxide http://langual.org Codex::529 Europe::529 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3046 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, dough conditioner, flour treatment agent. d-pantothenate, calcium http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3774 calcium sulphate http://langual.org Codex::516 Europe::516 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3053 calcium sulfate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): firming agent, flour treatment agent, sequestrant, stabilizer. annatto, bixin, norbixin http://langual.org Codex::160b Europe::160b http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3002 annatto extracts LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. ferrous gluconate http://langual.org Codex::579 Europe::579 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3099 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour retention agent. magnesium carbonate magnesium carbonates http://langual.org Codex::504 Codex::504(i) Europe::504 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3136 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4393 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, anticaking agent, colour retention agent. magnesium oxide http://langual.org Codex::530 Europe::530 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3141 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): anticaking agent. methyl p-hydroxybenzoate http://langual.org Codex::218 Europe::218 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3151 methyl para-hydroxybenzoate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. potassium acetate http://langual.org Codex::261(i) Europe::261 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3200 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, preservative. potassium gluconate http://langual.org Codex::577 Europe::577 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3208 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, sequestrant. potassium hydroxide http://langual.org Codex::525 Europe::525 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3212 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. potassium sulphate http://langual.org Codex::515(i) Europe::515 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3222 potassium sulfate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. propyl p-hydroxybenzoate http://langual.org Codex::216 Europe::216 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3229 propyl para-hydroxybenzoate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. retinyl acetate http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3766 saccharin http://langual.org Codex::954(i) Europe::954 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3235 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. sodium saccharin http://langual.org Codex::954(iv) Europe::954 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3272 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): sweetener. sodium hydrogen carbonate http://langual.org Codex::500(ii) Europe::500 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B1654 sodium bicarbonate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, anticaking agent, raising agent. sodium hydroxide http://langual.org Codex::524 Europe::524 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3260 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. sodium sulphate http://langual.org Codex::514(i) Europe::514 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3275 sodium sulfate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. sucralose http://langual.org Codex::955 Europe::955 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4430 sucralose (trichlorogalactosucrose) LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): sweetener. Sucralose is an artificial sweetener. The majority of ingested sucralose is not broken down by the body and therefore it is non-caloric. In the European Union, it is also known under the E number (additive code) E955. Sucralose is approximately 600 times as sweet as sucrose (table sugar), twice as sweet as saccharin, and 3 times as sweet as aspartame. talc http://langual.org Codex::553(iii) Europe::553b http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3298 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): anticaking agent, coating agent, dusting agent, surface-finishing agent, texturizing agent. titanium dioxide http://langual.org Codex::171 Europe::171 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3308 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3785 potassium chloride http://langual.org Codex::508 Europe::508 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B1653 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): gelling agent, flavour enhancer, stabilizer, thickener. propane http://langual.org Codex::944 Europe::944 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4446 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): propellant. sodium acetate http://langual.org Codex::262(i) Europe::262 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3239 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, preservative, sequestrant. calcium gluconate http://langual.org Codex::578 Europe::578 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3038 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, firming agent, sequestrant. calcium acetate http://langual.org Codex::263 Europe::263 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3026 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, preservative, stabilizer. calcium carbonate http://langual.org Codex::170(i) Europe::170 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3031 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, anticaking agent, stabilizer, surface colourant. boric acid http://langual.org Europe::284 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3017 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. calcium chloride http://langual.org Codex::509 Europe::509 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3032 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): firming agent, stabilizer, thickener. d-alpha-tocopherol vitamin e http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3753 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3784 hydrogen http://langual.org Codex::949 Europe::949 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4396 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): packaging gas. oxygen http://langual.org Europe::948 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3179 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. canthaxanthin http://langual.org Codex::161g Europe::161g http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3057 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. aluminium http://langual.org Codex::173 Europe::173 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2987 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. helium http://langual.org Europe::939 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3115 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin http://langual.org Codex::160c Europe::160c http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3180 paprika oleoresin LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. silver http://langual.org Codex::174 Europe::174 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3238 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. gold http://langual.org Codex::175 Europe::175 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3111 gold, metallic LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. butylated hydroxytoluene (bht) http://langual.org Codex::321 Europe::321 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3023 butylated hydroxytoluene LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant. carrageenan http://langual.org Codex::407 Europe::407 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3062 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): bulking agent, carrier, coating agent, emulsifier, gelling agent, glazing agent, humectant, stabilizer, thickener. amaranth http://langual.org Codex::123 Europe::123 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2993 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. disodium phosphate http://langual.org Codex::339(ii) Europe::339 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3089 disodium hydrogen phosphate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, buffer, emulsifier, humectant, moisture-retention agent, sequestrant, stabilizer, texturizing agent. magnesium hydroxide http://langual.org Codex::528 Europe::528 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3139 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, colour retention agent. calcium hydroxide http://langual.org Codex::526 Europe::526 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3042 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, firming agent. fatty acids http://langual.org Codex::570 Europe::570 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3098 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antifoaming agent. foam stabilizer, glazing agent. monocalcium phosphate http://langual.org Codex::341(i) Europe::341 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3159 calcium dihydrogen phosphate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, anticaking agent, dough conditioner, flour treatment agent, firming agent, humectant, moisture-retention agent, raising agent, sequestrant, stabilizer, texturizing agent. sorbic acid http://langual.org Codex::200 Europe::200 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3279 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. argon http://langual.org Codex::938 Europe::938 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3004 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. trisodium phosphate http://langual.org Codex::339(iii) Europe::339 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3319 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, antimicrobial synergist, emulsifier, humectant, moisture-retention agent, stabilizer, sequestrant, texturizing agent. monosodium phosphate http://langual.org Codex::339(i) Europe::339 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3166 sodium dihydrogen phosphate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, buffer, emulsifier, humectant, moisture-retention agent, raising agent, sequestrant, stabilizer, texturizing agent. sodium phosphates http://langual.org Codex::339 Europe::339 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4424 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. butane http://langual.org Codex::943a Europe::943a http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4409 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): propellant. anthocyanins http://langual.org Codex::163 Europe::163 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3003 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. curcumin http://langual.org Codex::100(i) Europe::100 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3071 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate (calcium disodium edta) http://langual.org Codex::385 Europe::385 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3036 calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant, colour retention agent, preservative, sequestrant. thiabendazole http://langual.org Codex::233 Europe::233 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3307 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. polyethylene glycol http://langual.org Codex::1521 Europe::1521 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4440 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antifoaming agent, carrier, emulsifier, glazing agent, plasticizer. delta-tocopherol http://langual.org Codex::309 Europe::309 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3073 tocopherol, delta-, synthetic LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant. thiamin hydrochloride http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3777 beta-cyclodextrin http://langual.org Codex::459 Europe::459 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4408 cyclodextrin, beta- LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): binder, carrier, stabilizer. retinol http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3765 A compound in which monosaccharide units are joined by glycosidic linkages. The term is commonly used to refer to a defined structure as opposed to a polymer of unspecified length or a homologous mixture. When the linkages are of other types the compounds are regarded as oligosaccharide analogues. oligosaccharide http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0226 LanguaL term definition: Complex carbohydrate with molecules composed of three to ten saccharide units (specifically dextrin). May be slightly sweet to the taste. oligosaccharide role (CHEBI) nitrogen http://langual.org Codex::941 Europe::941 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3173 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): packaging gas, propellant. erythorbic acid http://langual.org Codex::315 Europe::315 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3093 erythorbic acid (isoascorbic acid) LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant. http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0219 LanguaL term definition: A protein extract or concentrate derived from collagen. polyvinylpyrrolidone http://langual.org Codex::1201 Europe::1201 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3198 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): bodying agent, dispersing agent, stabilizer. trisodium citrate http://langual.org Codex::331(iii) Europe::331 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3317 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, emulsifier, sequestrant, stabilizer. sodium alginate http://langual.org Codex::401 Europe::401 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3241 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): bulking agent, carrier, emulsifier, foaming agent, gelling agent, glazing agent, humectant, sequestrant, stabilizer, thickener. polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40) sorbitan monopalmitate http://langual.org Codex::434 Codex::495 Europe::434 Europe::495 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3193 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3282 polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): dispersing agent, emulsifier. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): emulsifier. polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20) sorbitan monolaurate http://langual.org Codex::432 Codex::493 Europe::432 Europe::493 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3191 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3280 polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): dispersing agent, emulsifier. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): emulsifier, stabilizer. polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (polysorbate 60) sorbitan monostearate http://langual.org Codex::435 Codex::491 Europe::435 Europe::491 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3194 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3283 polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): dispersing agent, emulsifier. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): emulsifier. polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80) sorbitan monooleate http://langual.org Codex::433 Codex::494 Europe::433 Europe::494 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3192 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3281 polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): dispersing agent, emulsifier. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): emulsifier, stabilizer. methyl cellulose http://langual.org Codex::461 Europe::461 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3150 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): bulking agent, coating agent, emulsifier, glazing agent, stabilizer, thickener. quinoline yellow http://langual.org Codex::104 Europe::104 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3231 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. patent blue v http://langual.org Codex::131 Europe::131 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3181 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. Damion Dooley http://langual.org 2019-06-19T23:09:03Z http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=H0125 mucilage added hemicellulose dimethyl polysiloxane http://langual.org Codex::900a Europe::900 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3078 polydimethylsiloxane LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): anticaking agent, antifoaming agent, emulsifier. lecithins http://langual.org Codex::322 Europe::322 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3130 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. ammonium sulphate http://langual.org Codex::517 Europe::517 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3001 ammonium sulfate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flour treatment agent, stabilizer. zinc acetate http://langual.org Codex::650 Europe::650 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4433 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flavour enhancer. sodium nitrate http://langual.org Codex::251 Europe::251 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3265 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour fixative, preservative. disodium tartrate http://langual.org Codex::335(ii) Europe::335 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3090 sodium l(+)-tartrate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, sequestrant, stabilizer. dipotassium tartrate http://langual.org Codex::336(ii) Europe::336 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3083 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, sequestrant, stabilizer. sodium potassium tartrate http://langual.org Codex::337 Europe::337 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3269 potassium sodium l(+)-tartrate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, sequestrant, stabilizer. monopotassium phosphate http://langual.org Codex::340(i) Europe::340 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3162 potassium dihydrogen phosphate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, buffer, emulsifier, humectant, moisture-retention agent, sequestrant, stabilizer, texturizing agent. triammonium citrate http://langual.org Codex::380 Europe::380 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3311 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. potassium nitrate http://langual.org Codex::252 Europe::252 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3216 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour fixative, preservative. monosodium glutamate http://langual.org Codex::621 Europe::621 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B1652 monosodium l-glutamate msg sodium glutamate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flavour enhancer. magnesium chloride http://langual.org Codex::511 Europe::511 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3137 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour retention agent, firming agent, stabilizer. malic acid http://langual.org Codex::296 Europe::296 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3145 malic acid, dl- LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. hexamethylene tetramine http://langual.org Codex::239 Europe::239 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3116 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. maltitol http://langual.org Codex::965(i) Europe::965 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3146 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): bulking agent, emulsifier, humectant, sweetener, stabilizer. nisin http://langual.org Codex::234 Europe::234 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3172 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. aluminium sulphate http://langual.org Codex::520 Europe::520 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2992 aluminium sulfate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): firming agent. natamycin http://langual.org Codex::235 Europe::235 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3170 natamycin (pimaricin) LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. sodium lactate http://langual.org Codex::325 Europe::325 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3261 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, antioxidant synergist, bodying agent, bulking agent, humectant. lactitol http://langual.org Codex::966 Europe::966 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3129 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): emulsifier, sweetener, texturizing agent. butylated hydroxyanisole (bha) http://langual.org Codex::320 Europe::320 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3022 butylated hydroxyanisole LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant. potassium sorbate http://langual.org Codex::202 Europe::202 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3221 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. stannous chloride http://langual.org Codex::512 Europe::512 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3287 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant, colour retention agent. lactic acid http://langual.org Codex::270 Europe::270 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3127 lactic acid, l-, d- and dl- LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator. sodium nitrite http://langual.org Codex::250 Europe::250 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3266 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour fixative, preservative. pantothenic acid http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3758 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=H0770 vitamin B5 ferrous lactate http://langual.org Codex::585 Europe::585 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3100 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour retention agent. calcium propionate http://langual.org Codex::282 Europe::282 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3048 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): preservative. potassium hydrogen carbonate http://langual.org Codex::501(ii) Europe::501 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3209 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, stabilizer. brilliant blue fcf http://langual.org Codex::133 Europe::133 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3019 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. sodium cyclamate http://langual.org Codex::952(iv) Europe::952 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3249 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): sweetener. http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=H0156 acesulfame k http://langual.org Codex::950 Europe::950 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2976 acesulfame potassium LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flavour enhancer, sweetener. neotame http://langual.org Codex::961 Europe::961 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4439 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): flavour enhancer, sweetener. Neotame is an artificial sweetener made by NutraSweet that is between 7,000 and 13,000 times as sweet as sucrose (table sugar). Neotame was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for general use in July 2002, and has now been approved by the EU to become a classified E number (E961), but it is not yet widely used in food products. Neotame also is approved for use in Australia and New Zealand. It is assigned the International Numbering System (INS) food additive code 961. octyl gallate http://langual.org Codex::311 Europe::311 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3175 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant. sodium gluconate http://langual.org Codex::576 Europe::576 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3253 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): sequestrant, stabilizer, thickener. gellan gum http://langual.org Codex::418 Europe::418 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3103 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): stabilizer, thickener. sodium tetraborate (borax) http://langual.org Europe::285 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3277 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive. aluminium potassium sulphate http://langual.org Codex::522 Europe::522 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B2989 aluminium potassium sulfate LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, stabilizer. sodium sulphite http://langual.org Codex::221 Europe::221 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3276 sodium sulfite LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): antioxidant, preservative. erythrosine http://langual.org Codex::127 Europe::127 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3094 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. tartrazine http://langual.org Codex::102 Europe::102 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3302 tartarzine LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): colour. tricalcium phosphate http://langual.org Codex::341(iii) Europe::341 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3313 LanguaL curation note: See "food additive" comments. LanguaL term definition: Food additive; technological purpose(s): acidity regulator, anticaking agent, buffer, clouding agent, firming agent, flour treatment agent, humectant, moisture-retention agent, raising agent, stabilizer, texturizing agent. water http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B1217 potable water LanguaL curation note: Water is indexed as a food source if it is the only ingredient or if the product is a soft drink. LanguaL term definition: Potable water. Tap water is water supplied to a tap (valve). Its uses include drinking, washing, cooking, and the flushing of toilets https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tap_water http://langual.org SUBSET_SIREN:F7286 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B3323 city water municipal water running water table water town water subset_siren SIREN DB annotation: * has quality 'liquid, low viscosity, with no visible particles' (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03430123) * has quality 'not heat-treated' (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03440003) environmental 0 The FoodOn food ontology is a controlled vocabulary that currently covers human food raw ingredients, food products and product types. It will develop semantics for food safety, food security, the agricultural and animal husbandry practices linked to food production, culinary, nutritional and chemical ingredients and processes. FoodOn will also grow to encompass food-chains and natural ecosystems involving other animals and plants. It is built to interoperate with the OBO Library family of ontologies. FoodOn owes a large debt to LanguaL, the food indexing system developed since the mid 1970's (see LanguaL.org). LanguaL's facets have all been imported here, with some adaptation. Damion Dooley foodon ontology data specification A cattle bull is an adult "intact" (i.e. not castrated) male of a cattle species. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle#Terminology 2019-02-21T03:01:03Z http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000119 bull cattle bull A process of cutting food into smaller pieces, chunks or slices. Damion Dooley food cutting process Tortoises are a family, Testudinidae, of land-dwelling reptiles in the order Testudines. Damion Dooley https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/A._gigantea_Aldabra_Giant_Tortoise.jpg/640px-A._gigantea_Aldabra_Giant_Tortoise.jpg tortoise tortoise Cream component produced by churning and containing not less than 80% milkfat. http://langual.org http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=C0179 mammalian milk butter SUBSET_SIREN:F16510 pickled subset_siren SIREN DB annotation: * has quality 'solid' (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03430151) * formed as a result of 'pickling process' (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03460190) Damion Dooley http://langual.org http://langual.org DPNL 2003:8684 GRIN:10675 ITIS:22356 MANSFELD:3905 PLANTS:CILA3 http://eol.org/pages/584423 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B1391 Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura & Nakai citrullus lanatus citrullus vulgaris colocynthis citrullus cucurbita citrullus datiro edible seed melon equisi kaffir melon momordica lanata watermelon plant Damion Dooley cooked A vegetable with dark green, spear-shaped leaves that can be curled or smooth and are attached to thin stems. http://langual.org DPNL 2003:13251 GRIN:35256 ITIS:20709 MANSFELD:485 PLANTS:SPOL http://eol.org/pages/582002 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B1420 Spinacia oleracea L. spinacia oleracea spinach plant A mushroom (or toadstool) is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or on its food source. WIKIPEDIA:Mushroom http://langual.org fungi http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B1467 wild mushroom mushroom Damion Dooley A fermentation process in which either carbohydrates, proteins or fats are modified through microbial, enzymatic and/or other biological process. food fermentation Miang Fermented meat product is any product made primarily of meat subjected to a fermentation process. Damion Dooley fermented meat product A primal cut or cut of meat is a cut or piece of meat initially separated from the carcass of an animal during butchering. Gregory Harhay https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primal_cut animal meat primal cut distilled alcohol distilled spirit Candy prepared by cooking together sugar, water and ingredients to control crystal growth to a temperature of 238-246 degrees F. The product is then cooled approximately 100 degrees and agitated to promote a smooth, creamy texture. Damion Dooley http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03400244 2019-08-26T17:35:39Z Redundant entry, already have 'alcoholic beverage' and both have the parent class 'plant derived fermented beverage' true The agar is usually in the form of kantens, agar sticks which require hydration. yokan neri yōkan mizu yōkan sake mash sake moromi moromi of sake Tuna backmeat, which is specifically scraped off the bones, and looks like a ground product. Damion Dooley nakaochi Maguro Nakaochi Nakaochi Scrape tuna scrape http://langual.org http://langual.org Food material is any substance that can be consumed by an organism to satisfy nutritional or other health needs, or to provide a social or organoleptic food experience food foodstuff nourishment sustenance food material Roasting is a baking process when the food being baked is meats Damion Dooley http://langual.org meat roasting A material entity having a thickness of 0.3 to less than 1.5 cm Damion Dooley This is a component of a LanguaL physical state, shape or form term. thickness of 0.3 cm to less than 1.5 cm A material entity having a thickness of less than 0.3 cm Damion Dooley This is a component of a LanguaL physical state, shape or form term. thickness of 0.3 cm or less A material entity having a thickness of 1.5 to less than 7.0 cm Damion Dooley This is a component of a LanguaL physical state, shape or form term. thickness of 1.5 cm to less than 7.0 cm A material entity having a thickness of at least 7.0 cm Damion Dooley This is a component of a LanguaL physical state, shape or form term. thickness of 7 cm or more Modified through physical treatment to affect the shape quality of a food product. Damion Dooley food physical forming process A material entity having a thickness of 1.5 to less than 7.0 cm Damion Dooley This is a component of a LanguaL physical state, shape or form term. thickness of 1.5 cm or more The process of extraction of substance(s) from a food source using a solvent such as alcohol, hexane, or ethanol. Damion Dooley food solvent extraction process The process of milling grain into flour, usually performed by a grist mill, corn mill or flour mill. Damion Dooley milling food milling process Damion Dooley food canning process A food evaporation process is the process of removing water from a food. Damion Dooley food evaporation process rockfish food product A process involving the physical transformation of a food source or food product into some derived organic material or food product Damion Dooley food transformation process Familiar examples of invertebrates include arthropods (insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and myriapods), mollusks (chitons, snails, bivalves, squids, and octopuses), annelids (earthworms and leeches), and cnidarians (hydras, jellyfishes, sea anemones, and corals).[wikipedia] Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a backbone or spine), derived from the notochord. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invertebrate animal invertebrate animal Sliced food is solid food that is divided into uniformly thin pieces (e.g., sliced bread). Damion Dooley http://langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=E0137 baked https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresh_food Pan frying is a form of frying characterized by the use of minimal cooking oil or fat (compared to shallow frying or deep frying); typically using just enough oil to lubricate the pan. ... A pan fry takes place at lower heat than does a sauté. Damion Dooley pan frying pan-fried food object quality The ricefield rat (Rattus argentiventer) is a species of rat found throughout Southeast Asia. Although not a part of staple human diet in Cambodia, a growing market has developed there with most exports going to Vietnam Damion Dooley rice-field rat ricefield rat Dairy cattle are a type of cattle bred for the ability to produce large quantities of milk, from which dairy products are made. This class covers both male and female members of a dairy breed. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy_cattle 2019-01-26T22:49:27Z dairy cattle https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_dairy_cattle_breeds Taurine cattle (Bos taurus taurus), also called European cattle, are a subspecies of domesticated cattle originating in the Near East. Both taurine cattle and indicine cattle (zebus) are descended from the aurochs. Taurine cattle were originally considered a distinct species, but are now typically grouped with zebus and aurochs into one species, Bos taurus. Most modern breeds of cattle are taurine cattle. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taurine_cattle 2019-01-28T02:41:04Z http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B5186 taurine cattle Navel oranges are characterized by the growth of a second fruit at the apex, which protrudes slightly and resembles a human navel. They are primarily grown for human consumption for various reasons: their thicker skin makes them easy to peel, they are less juicy and their bitterness – a result of the high concentrations of limonin and other limonoids – renders them less suitable for juice. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_(fruit)#Navel_oranges 2019-01-28T04:42:04Z navel orange plant Gravlax is a Nordic dish consisting of raw salmon, cured in salt, sugar, and dill. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravlax 2019-02-05T23:53:50Z Gravad lax gravad laks gravlaks gravlax An opened can or bottle; a torn plastic cheese wrapper; a breached wax cheese rind. A compromised food packing medium is a gaseous, liquid, or solid medium that has been exposed to the environment due to a failure in integrity of the food packaging. The packaging failure may be intentional, e.g. opening a bag, or unintentional, e.g. a tear. Damion Dooley 2019-02-13T21:04:31Z food packing medium compromised A heifer is a young female, under three years of age, of a cattle species before she has had a calf of her own. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle#Terminology 2019-02-21T03:04:04Z heifer A beetle larva is a beetle undergoing the larva stage of development. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larva 2019-02-21T06:11:06Z grub beetle larva Darkling beetle is the common name of the large family of beetles, Tenebrionidae. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darkling_beetle 2019-02-21T06:23:23Z darkling beetle The mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, is a species of darkling beetle. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mealworm 2019-02-21T06:25:43Z mealworm beetle A mealworm is a mealworm beetle in the larva stage of development. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mealworm 2019-02-21T06:30:34Z mealworm Dynastinae or rhinoceros beetles are a subfamily of the scarab beetle family (Scarabaeidae). Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastinae 2019-02-21T06:34:42Z rhino beetle rhinoceros beetle A cattle steer is an adult castrated male of a cattle species. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle#Terminology 2019-02-22T23:48:25Z steer bull A steer is a younger animal that may not be trained, or may not be strong and mature enough for hard work. In the United States a steer is not considered an ox until it is four years old, by which time it is considered large enough and mature enough for any work required of it. cattle steer Wagyu is any of the four Japanese breeds of beef cattle: Japanese Black (Kuroge Washu), Japanese Polled (Mukaku Washu), Japanese Brown (Akage Washu or Akaushi) and Japanese Shorthorn (Nihon Tankaku Washu). In several areas of Japan, wagyu beef is shipped carrying area names. Some examples are Matsusaka beef, Kobe beef, Yonezawa beef, Mishima beef, Ōmi beef, and Sanda beef. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagyu 2019-03-20T08:06:23Z Akage Washu Akaushi Japanese Black Japanese Brown Japanese Polled Japanese Shorthorn Kuroge Washu Mukaku Washu Nihon Tankaku Washu 日本短角和種 無角和種 赤毛和種 黒毛和種 wagyu cattle Black pudding is a type of blood sausage originating in Great Britain and Ireland. It is made from pork blood, with pork fat or beef suet, and a cereal, usually oatmeal, oat groats or barley groats. The high proportion of cereal, along with the use of certain herbs such as pennyroyal, serves to distinguish black pudding from blood sausages eaten in other parts of the world. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_pudding 2019-04-09T14:05:09Z black pudding The Red Delicious is a clone of apple cultigen, now comprising more than 50 cultivars, first recognized in Madison County, Iowa, in 1880 Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Delicious 2019-04-13T16:47:39Z Red Delicious apple tree Cuts of beef are first divided into primal cuts, pieces of meat initially separated from the carcass during butchering. These are basic sections from which steaks and other subdivisions are cut. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cut_of_beef#British_cuts 2019-04-14T20:55:42Z cut of beef Fryer-roaster turkey: an immature turkey younger than 12 weeks old (previously younger than 16 weeks) of either sex, that is tender-meated with soft, pliable, smooth-textured skin, and flexible breastbone cartilage. Damion Dooley https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2011/11/17/poultry-classifications-get-21st-century-upgrade 2019-05-07T21:42:01Z fryer-roaster turkey An aquatic invertebrate may live entirely beneath the water, or may live upon its surface or on the plants surrounding it. Some breathe air, others breathe water. To move, they may walk, swim, float, skate, fly or glide on their bellies—or they may not move much at all. Because snails are members of gastropod, a subclass of molluscs, ... leading to aquatic invertebrates, we can't make aquatic invertebrates disjoint with terrestrial invertebrates. Damion Dooley https://nature.mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/general-species-information/aquatic-invertebrate-facts 2019-04-29T19:23:38Z aquatic invertebrate The giant water bug is well known as an edible species in a number of different Southeast Asian cuisines. The taste of the flight muscles is often compared to sweet scallops or shrimp. It is native to South and Southeast Asia, as well as southeast China, Korea, the Ryukyu Islands and New Guinea. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethocerus_indicus https://www.eatingthaifood.com/how-to-eat-a-giant-water-bug-maeng-da-thailand/ 2019-04-29T20:28:32Z https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Lethocerus_indicus.jpg/180px-Lethocerus_indicus.jpg Lethocerus indicus cà cuống maeng da maeng da na malaeng da malaeng da na แมงดา แมงดานา แมลงดา แมลงดานา giant water bug https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Lethocerus_indicus.jpg/180px-Lethocerus_indicus.jpg Damion Dooley 2019-05-21T22:37:06Z Aves avian bird avian animal Damion Dooley 2019-05-23T19:53:09Z food (dehydrated) Damion Dooley 2019-05-23T22:48:30Z filled stuffed food (filled) A food product organized by the process which it results from. A food which has its flavour or taste enhanced by some process which may include the addition of flavourings. Damion Dooley 2019-05-24T00:58:37Z flavoured food (flavored) broiled grilled A method of precooking food where a liquid is heated to just below the boiling point. Often used to retard the spoiling of milk. Damion Dooley http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=G0042 2019-05-24T22:49:21Z scalding food scalding Milled food is food ground into smaller particles as a result of a milling process. Damion Dooley 2019-05-25T00:14:22Z milled food (milled) Damion Dooley 2019-05-25T01:38:42Z colored coloured food (colored) Damion Dooley 2019-05-25T06:36:39Z hydrolized food (hydrolized) Damion Dooley 2019-05-25T06:38:12Z pasteurized food (pasteurized) peeled Damion Dooley 2019-05-25T07:03:36Z puffed food (puffed) Damion Dooley 2019-05-25T07:04:49Z steamed food (steamed) Food products manufactured from various nutritional components made to resemble conventional protein-source foods in texture such as meat, seafood, or poultry. Damion Dooley https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/textured+food 2019-05-25T07:06:43Z textured food (textured) Toasted food is is the output of a toasting process. toasted Damion Dooley 2019-05-25T07:31:19Z Fried food is the output of a frying process. fried food (fried) Damion Dooley 2019-05-25T07:35:38Z breaded food (breaded) Damion Dooley 2019-05-25T07:41:36Z batter-coated battered food (batter-coated) Damion Dooley 2019-06-26T21:34:09Z alligator meat https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Pangasius_meat.jpg/320px-Pangasius_meat.jpg Damion Dooley 2019-06-27T07:28:57Z milk fat Mustard greens are leaves from a mustard plant Damion Dooley 2019-06-27T08:09:44Z mustard greens Damion Dooley 2019-06-27T13:56:51Z boiled food (boiled) The alpaca (Vicugna pacos) is a species of South American camelid. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpaca 2019-06-27T19:22:23Z https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alpaca_%2831562329701%29.jpg/433px-Alpaca_%2831562329701%29.jpg alpaca Ampullariidae, common name the apple snails, is a family of large freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks with a gill and an operculum. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampullariidae 2019-06-27T20:06:49Z apple snail Damion Dooley 2019-06-27T20:24:58Z barramundi food product Damion Dooley 2019-06-27T20:25:59Z barramundi fillet The process of cleaning food to separate other environmental materials or body substances. Damion Dooley 2019-06-27T22:17:31Z food cleaning process Damion Dooley 2019-06-27T22:20:32Z cleaned food (cleaned) Damion Dooley 2019-06-27T22:23:20Z cod fillet A cracker is a flat, dry baked food typically made with flour. In UK English, crackers are sometimes called water biscuits, savoury biscuits or biscuits. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cracker_(food) 2019-06-27T23:36:40Z savoury biscuit water biscuit cracker Food that is output of a grinding process. This can range from the fragmentation of larger dry legumes and plant seeds like coffee beans, to the grinding of meat into products like hamburger or sausage. The process may involve a meat grinder, or chopping with a knife. Damion Dooley 2019-06-28T03:02:40Z ground food (ground) Flies are insects with a pair of functional wings for flight and a pair of specialized hindwings called halteres for balance. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly 2019-06-28T00:19:32Z fly Damion Dooley 2019-06-28T05:00:57Z gutted animal (gutted) A hulled food is a grain such as rice that has been subjected to a dehulling process. Damion Dooley 2019-06-28T05:24:49Z hulled food (hulled) Dehulling is the process of removing the hulls (or chaff) from beans and other seeds. Damion Dooley https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husk 2019-06-28T05:26:19Z hulling food dehulling process Husking of corn is the process of removing its outer layers, leaving only the cob or seed rack of the corn Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husk 2019-06-28T05:34:37Z husking corn husking process Mink are dark-colored, semiaquatic, carnivorous mammals of the genera Neovison and Mustela, and part of the family Mustelidae which also includes weasels, otters and ferrets. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mink 2019-06-28T05:54:03Z American mink European mink mink Pabda fish is a freshwater catfish species found mainly in the pond, swamp, paddy field etc. in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Nepal and some other south Asian countries. Damion Dooley https://www.roysfarm.com/pabda-fish/ 2019-06-28T06:24:56Z pabda pabda fish Parrots, also known as psittacines /ˈsɪtəsaɪnz/, are birds of the roughly 393 species in 92 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parrot 2019-06-28T06:35:57Z parrot A parakeet is any one of a large number of small to medium-sized species of parrot, in multiple genera, that generally have long tail feathers. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parakeet 2019-06-28T06:36:04Z parakeet A process of applying a seasoning mixture to a given food. Damion Dooley 2019-06-28T07:13:14Z seasoning food seasoning process Packaged food is food that has been placed in a container of some kind. Damion Dooley 2019-06-28T17:06:16Z food (packaged) A process that applies packaging material to a food product for preservation, shipping and/or presentation purposes. Damion Dooley 2019-06-28T17:08:54Z food packaging process Roasted food is more structured food that is generally subjected to a dry heat cooking process at higher oven temperature than baking. Damion Dooley https://www.thekitchn.com/whats-the-difference-between-roasting-and-baking-word-of-mouth-211695 2019-06-28T18:58:29Z roasted food (roasted) Tinfoil barb is a member of the Barbonymus genus, a ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbonymus 2019-06-28T19:53:57Z tin foil barb tinfoil barbfish tinfoil barb Comminuted food is the output of a comminution process that reduces solid materials from one average particle size to a smaller average particle size, by crushing, grinding, cutting, vibrating, etc. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comminution 2019-06-28T21:32:15Z comminuted food (comminuted) Damion Dooley 2019-06-29T23:40:55Z food (rehydrated) Damion Dooley 2019-07-09T07:40:38Z food (blanched) Chopped food is food material chopped into roughly bite-sized pieces. Damion Dooley 2019-07-09T20:59:57Z chopped cut food (chopped) Red bananas are a group of varieties of banana with reddish-purple skin. Some are smaller and plumper than the common Cavendish banana, others much larger. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_banana 2019-07-10T07:22:07Z red banana plant (genus Musa) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03411561 Ikejime is a method of slaughtering fish to maintain the quality of its meat. The technique originated in Japan, but is now in widespread use. It involves the insertion of a spike quickly and directly into the hindbrain, usually located slightly behind and above the eye, thereby causing immediate brain death. Damion Dooley When spiked correctly, the fish fins flare and the fish relaxes, immediately ceasing all motion. Destroying the brain and the spinal cord of the fish will prevent reflex action from happening; such muscle movements would otherwise consume adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the muscle, and as a result produce lactic acid and ammonia, making the fish sour, soggy and less tasteful. Furthermore, the blood contained in the fish flesh retracts to the gut cavity, which produces a better coloured and flavoured fillet, and prolongs shelf life. 2019-07-13T15:44:43Z Ikijime 活き締め 活け締め ikajime Damion Dooley 2019-08-04T21:43:28Z multi-component durum wheat pasta dish The mountain papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens) also known as mountain pawpaw, papayuelo, chamburo, or simply "papaya" is a species of the genus Vasconcellea, native to the Andes of northwestern South America from Colombia south to central Chile, typically growing at altitudes of 1,500–3,000 metres (4,900–9,800 ft) m. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_papaya 2019-08-06T19:40:26Z chamburo mountain papaya mountain pawpaw papayuelo Carica pubescens Vasconcellea pubescens mountain papaya plant Juniper ash is ash derived from the juniper tree. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juniper 2019-08-06T20:19:41Z Navajo Juniper Ash juniper ash https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002822398000777 The Williams' bon chrétien pear, commonly called the Williams pear or the Bartlett pear in the United States and Canada, is the most commonly grown variety of pear in most countries outside Asia. 2019-08-06T22:13:35Z Bartlett pear plant Williams pear plant Williams bon chrétien pear plant The Granny Smith is a tip-bearing apple cultivar, which originated in Australia in 1868. The tree is thought to be a hybrid of Malus sylvestris, the European wild apple, with the North American apple Malus pumila as the polleniser. 2019-08-07T19:29:34Z Granny Smith apple tree The Fuji apple is an apple hybrid developed by growers at Tohoku Research Station in Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan, in the late 1930s, and brought to market in 1962. It originated as a cross between two American apple varieties — the Red Delicious and old Virginia Ralls Genet (sometimes cited as "Rawls Jennet") apples. 2019-08-07T20:35:58Z Fuji apple tree Okara, soy pulp, or tofu dregs is a pulp consisting of insoluble parts of the soybean that remains after pureed soybeans are filtered in the production of soy milk and tofu 2019-08-07T23:28:03Z biji dòufuzhā dòuzhā kongbiji okara soy pulp tofu dregs okara Sōmen are very thin noodles made of wheat flour, less than 1.3 mm in diameter. 2019-08-08T00:17:03Z Dried Sōmen somen somyeon sùmiàn sùmiàn 素面 素麵 素麺 소면) Sōmen Synbiotic claim or use refers to food ingredients or dietary supplements combining probiotics and prebiotics in a form of synergism that beneficially affect the host. 2019-08-08T03:32:51Z synbiotic claim or use A yellow bean plant is one of a variety of common bean plant (e.g. 'Sinaloa Azufrado', 'Sulphur', 'Mayocoba', and 'Peruano', also called canary ) whose pods are yellow at maturity. 2019-08-08T05:27:59Z yellow bean plant A Heron is a long-legged freshwater or coastal bird in the family Ardeidae, with 64 recognised species. 2019-08-08T23:28:25Z bittern egret heron The flying barbs are freshwater fish in the genus Esomus, native to South and Mainland Southeast Asia. They are closely related to the genus Danio and are distinctive for their extremely long barbels. 2019-08-08T08:15:15Z Esomus danrica Flying barb fish Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a tropical evergreen tree in the coffee family native to Southeast Asia. M. speciosa is indigenous to Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea, where it has been used in traditional medicines since at least the nineteenth century. Kratom has opioid properties and some stimulant-like effects. 2019-08-09T03:44:09Z kratom King weakfish is a coastal fish found on the eastern coast of South America. 2019-08-09T03:55:36Z Banga Mary Bangamary German Salmon Rock Salmon yellow mouth salmon king weakfish King crabmeat is meat that is removed from the leg of a King Crab. 2019-08-09T04:14:08Z king crab meat king crabmeat Goby is a common name for many species of small to medium sized ray-finned fish, normally with large heads and tapered bodies, which are found in marine, brackish and freshwater environments. Traditionally most of the species called gobies have been classified in the order Perciformes as the suborder Gobioidei but in the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World this suborder is elevated to an order Gobiiformes within the clade Percomorpha.[1] Not all the species in the Gobiiformes are referred to as gobies and the "true gobies" are placed in the family Gobiidae, while other species referred to as gobies have been placed in the Oxudercidae. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T15:06:20Z goby A Scad fish is any of several species of fishes in the family Carangidae (order Perciformes), which also includes the jacks, amberjacks, and pompanos. The name scad is usually restricted to certain species in the genera Decapterus, Selar, and Trachurus. The half dozen species are marine and occur along the Atlantic coast of the Americas, except for the Mexican scad (D. scombrinus), which is found in the Pacific Ocean.[Encyclopedia Britannica, December 05, 2017; accessed August 09, 2019] Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T16:12:10Z scad Golden pompanos are fairly deep bodied ocean fish of family Carangidae, and are prized eating fish worldwide. They can be distinguished from other pompanos by their slightly longer dorsal fin. 2019-08-09T15:18:39Z Trachinotus blochii asian pompano golden pompano Masago is a dish consisting of the fully ripened eggs (roe) of the capelin fish. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T15:24:07Z capelin roe Masago The Soldier River Barb is a native Thailand freshwater species which is distributed throughout South East Asia in Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Laos,Malaysia and Thailand where it is found throughout the Mekong basin and surrounding areas. 2019-08-09T15:34:19Z Cyclocheilichthys enoplos (Bleeker, 1849) Soldier river barb The Roter Fusilier is a type of fish from the fusilier family, Caesionidae, in the order Perciformes. They are related to the snappers, but adapted for feeding on plankton, rather than on larger prey. They are found at reefs in the Indo-Pacific. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T15:39:16Z roter fusilier Sillago is a genus of fish in the family Sillaginidae and the only non-monotypic genus in the family. Distinguishing the species can be difficult, with many similar in appearance and colour, forcing the use of swim bladder morphology as a definitive feature. 2019-08-09T16:48:12Z sillago The whisker sheatfish (Micronema bleekeri Günther, 1864), is a rare species of freshwater catfish. Emma Griffiths https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265691438_Inverted_migration_of_rare_whisker_sheatfish_in_Nong-Han_Lake_northeastern_Thailand_Implications_for_conservation 2019-08-09T17:23:20Z Micronema bleekeri Whisker Sheat whisker sheatfish The walking catfish (Clarias batrachus) is a species of freshwater airbreathing catfish native to Southeast Asia. It is named for its ability to "walk" and wiggle across dry land, to find food or suitable environments. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T17:28:00Z Clarias batrachus Hito hito fish walking catfish walking catfish Yellowtail is a confusing name, as it can apply to flounder, tuna and sole. It’s also the common name for several species of amberjack, sleek migratory tuna-like fish found off both U.S. coasts. The most valuable member of this family is the yellowtail farmed in Japan and featured in U.S. sushi bars under the name hamachi Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T18:54:07Z yellowtail yellowtail fish Yellow hito is a type of freshwater "walking catfish" common in the Philippines. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T19:27:25Z yellow hito An organism that originated from a wild (non-domesticated) population. Emma Griffiths Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T19:32:04Z wild caught organism wild harvested animal Gambier or gambir is an extract derived from the leaves of Uncaria gambir, a climbing shrub native to tropical Southeast Asia. Gambier is produced in Indonesia and Malaysia where it was an important trade item into the late nineteenth century. It can be used as a tanning agent, a brown dye, a food additive and as herbal medicine. Also known as pale catechu, white catechu or Japan Earth, it is often confused with other forms of catechu. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T19:50:26Z Japan Earth Uncaria gambir gambier extract gambir extract pale catechu white catechu gambier powder 2019-08-09T21:00:41Z Spariformes fish, spariform The threadfin breams consist of the family Nemipteridae within the order Perciformes. Issue: NCBITaxon claims Nemipteridae falls under spariform order. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T21:02:53Z Nemipteridae false snapper whiptail bream threadfin bream family Nemipterus virgatus, the golden threadfin bream, is a species of threadfin bream native to the western Pacific, from southern Japan south to northwest Australia including the Arafura Sea. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T21:06:59Z Nemipterus virgatus golden threadfin bream Gorillas are ground-dwelling, predominantly herbivorous apes that inhabit the forests of central Sub-Saharan Africa. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T21:14:28Z gorilla The chickpea or chick pea (Cicer arietinum) is an annual legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. Its different types are variously known as gram or Bengal gram, garbanzo or garbanzo bean, Egyptian pea, chana, and chole. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T21:21:05Z chickpea plant Black cardamom comes from either of two species in the family Zingiberaceae. 2019-08-09T22:11:41Z Amomum subulatum hill cardamom black cardamom plant Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis is is a type of sea urchin, commonly known as the green sea urchin because of its characteristic green color. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-09T23:29:16Z green sea urchin The Jersey is a British breed of small dairy cattle from Jersey, in the Channel Islands. Emma Griffiths The ladyfish (Elops saurus) is a species of fish in the genus Elops, the only genus in the monotypic family Elopidae Emma Griffiths Ladyfish are elongated, slender fish with a compact oval cross section and large deeply forked tail or caudal fin with long, slender symmetrical lobes. [https://gcrl.usm.edu/public/fish/ladyfish.php] 2019-08-11T04:53:32Z Elops saurus tenpounder ladyfish Lemurs are mammals of the order Primates, divided into 8 families and consisting of 15 genera and around 100 existing species. They are native only to the island of Madagascar. Most existing lemurs are small, have a pointed snout, large eyes, and a long tail. They chiefly live in trees (arboreal), and are active at night (nocturnal). Emma Griffiths 2019-08-11T15:48:37Z lemur West Indian lemon grass leaf cymbopogon citratus leaf lemongrass leaf CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) Obsidian Soul Damion Dooley 2019-08-11T19:55:57Z mac and cheese mac n cheese macaroni cheese macaroni and cheese Texasfoodgawker Kali Jeeri, also known as Centratherum anthelminticum, is a plant, and its seeds are sometimes used as a herbal medicine. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-11T21:52:52Z Centratherum anthelminticum Kaali Jeeri Kalijiri bitter cumin Kali Jeeri Gnetum africanum is a vine gymnosperm species found natively throughout tropical Africa. It is grown in various countries across Africa, including: Cameroon. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-11T22:22:09Z Gnetum africanum KoKo afang eru fumbua m’fumbua okok ukase wild spinach African jointfir plant Gnetum africanum leaf afang leaf african jointfir leaf fumbua leaf okok leaf wild spinach leaf Precooked food has been prepared and cooked in advance so that it only needs to be heated quickly (if at all) before consumption. Emma Griffiths 2019-08-11T22:42:04Z precooked food (precooked) The Tango apple, or SweeTango (brand name) or 'Minneiska', is a cultivar of apple, and is a hybrid of two other apples (the 'Honeycrisp' and the 'Minnewashta'). Emma Griffiths 2019-08-11T22:55:18Z Minneiska apple tree Tango apple tree 2019-08-12T14:36:06Z powder food (powdered) http://langual.org 2019-08-12T20:54:03Z ITIS:176136 http://eol.org/pages/1049266 http://www.langual.org/langual_thesaurus.asp?termid=B4166 Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus, 1758 meleagris gallopavo wild turkey The kelp gull (Larus dominicanus), also known as the Dominican gull, is a gull which breeds on coasts and islands through much of the southern hemisphere. The specific name comes from the Dominican Order of friars, who wear black and white habits. 2019-08-12T22:05:27Z Dominican gull Larus dominicanus kelp gull The Hass avocado is a cultivar of avocado with dark green–colored, bumpy skin. 2019-08-12T23:01:17Z hass avocado Ají dulce is any of a variety of sweet perennial peppers found in Latin America and the Caribbean. It is most widely known in Puerto Rico and Venezuela, where it refers to a specific native variety of Capsicum chinense that is related to the habanero but with a much milder, smoky flavor. In the English-speaking Caribbean, it is known as seasoning pepper and is essential to a variety of traditional dishes. cachucha 2019-08-12T23:19:40Z 'ají gustoso Ají dulce ajicito ají cachucha Ají dulce pepper plant A white nectarine tree produces white-fleshed fruit as opposed to nectarine trees that produce yellow-fleshed fruit. 2019-08-12T23:56:19Z white nectarine tree 2019-08-13T04:43:32Z julienned food (julienned) The mrigal carp (Cirrhinus cirrhosus), also known as the white carp, is a species of ray-finned fish in the carp family. Native to streams and rivers in India, the only surviving wild population is in the Cauvery River, leading to its IUCN rating as vulnerable. 2019-08-13T05:08:14Z Cirrhinus cirrhosus white carp mrigal carp The okapi (Okapia johnstoni), also known as the forest giraffe, Congolese giraffe, or zebra giraffe, is an artiodactyl mammal native to the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in Central Africa. Although the okapi has striped markings reminiscent of zebras, it is most closely related to the giraffe. 2019-08-13T05:16:41Z okapi Daniel Jolivet A cutlet thin slice of meat from the leg or ribs of veal, pork, chicken, or mutton 2019-08-13T05:46:09Z cutlet The boa constrictor (Boa constrictor), also called the red-tailed boa or the common boa, is a species of large, non-venomous, heavy-bodied snake that is frequently kept and bred in captivity. The boa constrictor is a member of the family Boidae, found in tropical North, Central, and South America, as well as some islands in the Caribbean. A staple of private collections and public displays, its color pattern is highly variable yet distinctive. 2019-08-13T05:49:55Z boa A multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophic organism within the kingdom Animalia. 2019-08-14T18:02:36Z animal Kabocha is a type of winter squash, a Japanese variety of the species Cucurbita maxima. It is also called kabocha squash or Japanese pumpkin in North America. In Japan, "kabocha" may refer to either this squash, to the Western pumpkin, or indeed to other squashes. 2019-08-22T15:40:57Z Japanese pumpkin plant "Kabocha can be dark green with mottled blue-gray striping, or a deep red-orange color that resembles Red Kuri. You can tell the difference between red Kabocha and Red Kuri by their shape: Kabocha is round but flattened at stem end, instead of pointed."[https://www.strongertogether.coop/food-lifestyle/winter-squash-guide] Many of the kabocha in the market are kuri kabocha, a type created from seiyo kabocha (buttercup squash). Varieties of kabocha include Ajihei, Ajihei No. 107, Ajihei No. 331, Ajihei No. 335, Cutie, Ebisu, Emiguri, and Miyako. kabocha squash plant Golden zucchini is a modern hybrid summer squash (Cucurbita pepo). 2019-08-22T19:52:25Z gold gush zucchini golden delight zucchini goldfinger zucchini yellow zucchini golden zucchini plant 2019-08-24T05:27:17Z Apium graveolens var. graveolens wild celery wild celery plant Chamaemelum nobile commonly known as chamomile, is a low perennial plant found in dry fields and around gardens and cultivated grounds in Europe, North America, and in Argentina. 2019-08-24T07:13:57Z Anthemis nobilis Chamaemelum nobile English chamomile camomile garden chamomile ground apple low chamomile mother's daisy whig plant roman chamomile Myrica rubra is a subtropical tree grown for its sweet, crimson to dark purple-red, fruit. 2019-08-24T16:16:46Z Chinese bayberry Chinese strawberry Japanese bayberry red bayberry waxberry yamamomo yangmei yumberry yángméi ヤマモモ 杨梅 Myrica rubra tree 2019-08-24T16:43:14Z potato puff potato puff (dish) 2019-08-24T17:28:15Z Thelesperma megapotamicum is a perennial species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name Navajo tea greenthread and rayless greenthread. rayless greenthread greenthread plant The Robusta coffee plant (Coffea canephora) is a sturdy species which yeilds coffee beans of low acidity and high bitterness. 2019-08-24T18:24:57Z robusta plant robusta coffee plant http://langual.org http://langual.org One or more whole skunk current berries 2019-08-24T21:23:06Z skunk currant skunk currant (whole) Salvia elegans is a perennial shrub native to Mexico and Guatemala. 2019-08-24T21:26:34Z pineapple sage tangerine sage Salvia elegans plant 2019-08-24T21:34:27Z rowanberry sweet rowanberry Dioscorea polystachya or Chinese yam is a species of flowering plant in the yam family. It is a perennial climbing vine, native to China and East Asia.[3][4] The edible tubers are cultivated largely in Asia and sometimes used in alternative medicine. This species of yam is unique as the tubers can be eaten raw. 2019-08-24T22:18:19Z Chinese potato cinnamon-vine nagaimo 山药 chinese yam plant Dioscorea japonica is a type of yam (Dioscorea) native to Japan (including Ryukyu and Bonin Islands), Korea, China, Taiwan, and Assam. Dioscorea japonica is used for food. 2019-08-24T22:23:52Z East Asian mountain yam Japanese mountain yam mountain yam yamaimo Dioscorea japonica 2019-08-24T22:52:43Z huauzontle lamb's quarters lambsquarters pitseed goosefoot Chenopodium berlandieri http://langual.org http://langual.org jack jackfruit http://langual.org http://langual.org lichee Pinus edulis, the Colorado pinyon, two-needle piñon, pinyon pine, or simply piñon, is a pine in the pinyon pine group whose ancestor was a member of the Madro-Tertiary Geoflora (a group of drought resistant trees) and is native to the United States. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_edulis#Uses 2019-08-25T13:54:18Z Colorado pinyon Pinus edulis pinyon pine two-needle piñon Colorado pinyon tree http://langual.org A whole raw salmonberry is a berry harvested from the salmonberry plant. WIKIPEDIA:Salmonberry http://langual.org 2019-08-25T15:04:00Z salmonberry salmonberry (whole, raw) The durian is the fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus Durio. There are 30 recognised Durio species, at least nine of which produce edible fruit, with over 300 named varieties in Indonesia, 100 in Thailand and 100 in Malaysia. Durio zibethinus is the only species available in the international market. 2019-08-25T15:12:18Z durian tree Perideridia oregana is a species of flowering plant in the carrot family known by the common names Oregon yampah and eppaw. It is native to Oregon and California in the western United States, where it grows in woodland and other habitat. Edible Uses: Root - raw or cooked. A pleasant nutty taste. The root can also be dried and stored for later use. [https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Perideridia+oregana] 2019-08-25T15:26:22Z eppaw oregon yampa plant http://langual.org squashberry This class encompasses many species called "crab apple", but is there a more formal definition that excludes Malus pumila and Malus domestica? 2019-08-25T15:39:48Z crab apple plant Catjang (Vigna unguiculata subsp. cylindrica) is a subspecies of cowpea. The catjang plant is native to Africa, and is an erect densely branched shrubby perennial of Old World tropics. 2019-08-25T16:00:13Z 2019-08-25T16:01:59Z Vigna unguiculata subsp. cylindrica catjang plant http://langual.org Vaccinium arboreum (sparkleberry or farkleberry) is a species of Vaccinium native to the southeastern and south-central United States, from southern Virginia west to southeastern Nebraska, south to Florida and eastern Texas, and north to Illinois. 2019-08-25T16:40:22Z Vaccinium arboreum farkleberry sparkleberry sparkleberry plant Vaccinium elliottii (Elliott's blueberry) is a species of Vaccinium in the blueberry group (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus). It is native to the southeastern and south-central United States, from southeastern Virginia south to Florida, and west to Arkansas and Texas. 2019-08-25T17:55:33Z Vaccinium elliottii elliott's blueberry Bulgur is a cereal food made from the cracked parboiled groats of several different wheat species, most often from durum wheat. Damion Dooley 2019-08-25T20:33:00Z bulgur wheat bulgur Tapioca pearls are pebble-sized spheres of tapioca; sizes range from about 1 mm to 8 mm in diameter, with 2–3 mm being the most common. 2019-08-25T20:55:17Z tapioca pearl tapioca pearls Stenodus nelma, known alternatively as the nelma, sheefish, inconnu or connie, is a commercial species of freshwater whitefish in the family Salmonidae. It is widespread in the Arctic rivers from the Kola Peninsula (White Sea basin) eastward across Siberia to the Anadyr River and also in the North American basins of the Yukon River and Mackenzie River. 2019-08-26T15:01:57Z Stenodus nelma connie inconnu sheefish nelma Dr. Leonid Kozlov Orange mint is a hybrid variety of mint grown for its fragrant leaves, and is a member of the Lamiaceae or Labiate family. 2019-09-10T20:31:25Z Bergamot mint Mentha x piperita citrata eau de cologne mint orange mint A species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae. 2019-09-10T20:36:48Z Mentha arvensis corn mint cornmint field mint wild mint corn mint plant http://langual.org scarlet runner bean http://langual.org A species of flowering plant in the heath family. 2019-09-10T23:31:12Z 2019-09-10T23:33:44Z Vaccinium stamineum buckberry plant highbush huckleberry plant southern gooseberry plant squaw huckleberry plant tall deerberry plant deerberry plant http://langual.org http://langual.org 2019-09-10T23:57:32Z Portuguese kale couve tronchuda sea kale tronchuda cabbage plant tronchuda cabbage (raw) http://langual.org A variety of kale with a long tradition in Italian cuisine, especially that of Tuscany. 2019-09-11T00:21:19Z Cavolo nero Lacinato Tuscan kale black Tuscan palm black cabbage dinosaur kale flat back cabbage palm tree kale Lacinato kale A subtropical marine fish, classified in family Serranidae, the groupers and sea basses. It is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Black Sea. 2019-09-11T03:29:10Z Serranus scriba painted comber A species of rabbit native to southwestern Europe (including Spain, Portugal and western France) and to northwest Africa (including Morocco and Algeria). 2019-09-11T05:30:04Z European rabbit A squash-like cucurbit grown for its immature fruit, a vegetable especially popular in South Asia. It is the only member of the genus Praecitrullus. 2019-09-11T06:20:28Z Indian baby pumpkin Indian round gourd Indian squash Praecitrullus fistulosus apple gourd dhemase dilpasand meha round melon tindsi Tinda plant http://langual.org http://langual.org 2019-09-11T15:53:30Z longan fruit food product Ymer is a Danish soured milk product which has been known since 1930 and is made by fermenting whole milk with the bacterial culture Lactococcus lactis. 2019-09-11T17:01:37Z Ymer A sweet chocolate-flavored paste which is eaten mostly spread on breads and toasts or similar grain items such as waffles, pancakes, muffins, and pitas. 2019-09-11T18:37:22Z nutella chocolate spread A chewy, firm pastille-type sweet similar to a gumdrop without the sugar coating, originating from the United Kingdom. 2019-09-11T18:43:11Z wine gums winegums wine gum http://langual.org A yogurt prepared with soy milk. 2019-09-11T19:38:25Z soya yogurt soygurt yofu soy yogurt http://langual.org cupu assu A fruit of the shea tree. http://langual.org 2019-09-11T22:50:21Z shea fruit (whole, raw) http://langual.org http://langual.org A very thin unleavened dough used for making pastries such as baklava and börek in Middle Eastern and Balkan cuisines. Filo-based pastries are made by layering many sheets of filo brushed with oil or butter; the pastry is then baked. 2019-09-11T23:03:21Z fillo filo pastry phyllo phyllo dough filo Soybean material ground into a thick liquid, to which gums are added to create a substance resembling real cream found in mammalian milk. 2019-09-11T23:06:43Z soy cream A semidried sausage traditionally made in Southern Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Alsace. 2019-09-19T07:15:44Z landjaeger MarkusHagenlocher A liquid prepared for consumption 2019-09-13T09:24:52Z liquid beverage beverage A process which takes in some food material from an individual or community of plant or animal organisms in a given context and time, and outputs a precursor or consumable food product. This may include a part of an organism or the whole, and may involve killing the organism. This includes harvesting from plants, hunting a deer, or milking process of a cow. The food is derived from part or whole of a single organism species (with perhaps a few exceptions, such as lichen). 2019-10-05T12:35:22Z food harvesting A variety of banana plant native to Micronesia 2019-10-15T14:50:17Z "Eating one of these small bananas (about 100 g) covers the vitamin A requirement for 2 days. The Cavendish variety, on the other hand, contains almost no vitamin A. Growing vitamin A-rich banana varieties in more countries could contribute to a decline in global vitamin A deficiency." [http://www.fao.org/zhc/detail-events/en/c/446573/] utin lap plant Coconut oil which has been partly or completely hydrogenated. 2019-10-23T11:44:32Z coconut oil (hydrogenated) Winterization of oil is a process that uses a solvent and cold temperatures to separate lipids and other desired oil compounds from waxes. Winterization is a type of fractionation, the general process of separating the triglycerides found in fats and oils, using the difference in their melting points, solubility, and volatility. 2019-10-23T12:11:30Z fractionate crystallization winterization of oil http://langual.org 2019-10-23T13:06:54Z cupu assu oil cupuaçu oil A distilled, highly alcoholic beverage (45–74% ABV / 90–148 U.S. proof). It is an anise-flavoured spirit derived from botanicals, including the flowers and leaves of Artemisia absinthium ("grand wormwood"), together with green anise, sweet fennel, and other medicinal and culinary herbs. 2019-11-04T04:33:29Z absinthe A castrated adult cattle male (occasionally a female or in some areas a bull) kept for draft or riding purposes. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle#Terminology 2019-11-04T18:48:09Z Ox as a prefix may also be used to refer to some carcass products from any adult cattle, such as ox-hide, ox-blood, oxtail, or ox-liver. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle#Terminology] ox A tartiflette except that small squares of pasta, crozets de Savoie (usually made from buckwheat but sometimes durum) are used instead of potatoes. 2019-11-04T22:04:47Z croziflette A coffee-flavoured Italian dessert made of ladyfingers (savoiardi) dipped in coffee, layered with a whipped mixture of eggs, sugar, and mascarpone cheese, flavoured with cocoa. 2019-11-09T01:11:40Z tiramisu Alexis Fam Red velvet cake is traditionally a red, red-brown, crimson or scarlet colored chocolate layer cake, layered with white cream cheese or ermine icing. Traditional recipes do not use food coloring, with the red color due to non-Dutched, anthocyanin-rich cocoa. Damion Dooley 2019-11-09T01:15:22Z red velvet cake Hennem08 A fisheries term for several species of demersal fish with fins, particularly Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), whiting (Merluccius bilinearis), haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), hake (Urophycis), pollock (Pollachius), and others. 2019-11-10T06:26:43Z white fish whitefish (fisheries term) 2019-11-15T20:12:48Z hen A dual purpose medium to large drupe or stone fruit of the Olea europea tree used as table olives and for olive oil production 2019-11-16T05:03:05Z Manzanilla de Sevilla Manzanillo olive Spanish olive Manzanilla olive A type of drop cookie distinguished by an oatmeal-based dough with raisins mixed throughout. 2019-11-16T05:43:38Z oatmeal raisin cookie Vegan Feast Catering from Oceanside, CA, USA A process which separates a culinary nut's shell from its meat, leaving the meat part more or less intact. 2019-11-18T23:13:03Z shelling shelling process shell removal process A pea variety that yeilds green-colored seeds at maturity. 2019-11-22T07:22:30Z green field pea plant An African artiodactyl mammal of Genus Giraffa, and the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant. 2019-12-03T19:09:20Z giraffe A type of coarse-ground whole wheat flour similar to conventional whole wheat flour in that both are made from the whole grain, but graham flour is ground more coarsely and is not sifted during milling (i.e. unbolted). 2019-12-12T21:04:23Z graham flour A citrus plant in the family Rutaceae believed to have originated in central China as a hybrid of mandarin orange and the ichang papeda. 2020-03-29T05:30:02Z yuzu tree Nikita from Russian Federation A hind limb poultry cut of a turkey Emma Griffiths 2020-04-01T06:42:21Z turkey leg An adult female swine. http://langual.org 2020-04-01T23:10:20Z sow A portion of a food product presented in the general context of daily a recommended intake of a food group. The serving size is shown as a common household measure that is appropriate to the food (such as cup, tablespoon, piece, slice, or jar), followed by the metric amount in grams (g). ... By law, serving sizes must be based on the amount of food people typically consume, rather than how much they should consume. [FDA] 2020-04-11T00:09:40Z serving size A specific amount of food that a food product's nutrition facts' listed nutrient quantities pertain to. The food label serving unit is specific for each product category and designed to help consumers compare nutrient information on a number of food products within a category. [USDA Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 1999] 2020-04-11T00:18:46Z food label serving An amount of a specific food an individual eats for dinner, snack, or other eating occasion. Portions can be bigger or smaller than the servings listed in daily intake recommendations or on a food label. Many factors affect food portions, such as the individual’s age, gender, activity level, and appetite and where and when the food is obtained and eaten. [USDA Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, 1999] 2020-04-11T00:38:57Z portion food portion A percentage indicating how much a nutrient in a single serving of an individual packaged food or dietary supplement contributes to an individual's recommended daily value intake for that nutrient. 2020-04-12T06:28:15Z percent daily value A recommended amount of a nutrient for an individual to consume or not to exceed each day. 2020-04-12T06:37:39Z daily nutrient value The large calorie, food calorie, or kilocalorie (Cal, calorie or kcal) is the amount of heat needed to cause the same increase in one kilogram of water. Thus, 1 kilocalorie (kcal) = 1000 calories (cal). By convention in food science, the large calorie is commonly called calorie (with a capital C by some authors) to distinguish from the smaller unit. 2020-04-12T06:54:43Z calories food calorie large calorie food calorie datum A stalk harvested from a lemon grass plant. lemon grass lemongrass West Indian lemon grass stalk cymbopogon citratus stalk lemongrass stalk lemon grass stalk A boneless cut or slice of meat or fish. 2020-06-05T00:25:13Z filet filet fillet A steak cut of beef taken from the smaller end of the tenderloin, or psoas major of the cow carcass, usually a steer or heifer. 2020-06-05T00:37:42Z filet mignon A stage of plant maturity in which a plant or plant part has surpassed full maturity and is undergoing decomposition. 2020-06-05T23:09:48Z decaying overripe too ripe overripe or decaying A stage of plant development at which a plant or plant part has partly or is about to achieve full maturity and be ready for utilization. 2020-06-05T23:42:31Z slightly ripe An apple harvested from an Gala apple tree cultivar. 2020-06-06T00:48:34Z Gala apple Sven Teschke Flour that has not been bleached or enriched with nutrients during the manufacturing process. 2020-06-06T17:32:29Z flour (unenriched, unbleached) A flour is milled to a finer texture than all-purpose flour, and is made with soft wheat for a lower protein content than all-purpose flour. 2020-06-06T17:37:41Z pastry flour Utensils, table surfaces, slicers, pipe interiors, tank interiors, filler bowls, packaging and conveyors, hopper and other food-contact surfaces of equipment. A surface that contacts human food or a surface from which drainage, or other transfer, onto the food or onto a surface that contacts the food ordinarily occurs during the normal course of food processing. 2020-07-28T05:01:41Z FCS food processing contact surface A food product unsuitable to ingest by a consumer due to spoilage related to the type of product it is, or to product packaging or storage. 2020-07-28T14:52:37Z food (spoiled) food that has been grown, harvested, packed, or held under such conditions that it is unfit for food; or prepared, packed, or held under insanitary conditions whereby it may have become contaminated with filth, or whereby it may have been rendered injurious to health. 2020-07-28T14:52:55Z food (adulterated) Food contact materials are materials that are intended to be in contact with food. These can be things that are quite obvious like a glass or a can for soft drinks as well as machinery in a food factory or a coffee machine. 2020-07-31T17:07:09Z food contact material A female pig under the age of 1 year. The term is also often used to refer to a pig who has not farrowed, or given birth to a litter. 2020-07-31T19:33:04Z gilt A pig between weaning and sale or transfer to the breeding herd, sold for slaughter or killed for rations. 2020-07-31T19:33:31Z grower grower pig A grower pig over 70 kg (150 lb) liveweight. 2020-07-31T19:33:46Z finisher finisher pig A piglet slaughtered for its tender meat. 2020-07-31T19:34:01Z suckler suckling pig suckler pig a young pig recently separated from the sow 2020-07-31T19:34:28Z weaner weaner pig A harvested material that has the potential to be food material. 2020-08-04T05:21:57Z harvested food material A food product produced by sustainable agricultural practices. 2020-08-04T06:09:04Z sustainable agriculture food product A food product made from plant or animal cell lines incubated in a production facility. 2020-08-04T06:14:07Z cell-based technology food product food material that is obtained by hunting, the practice of seeking, pursuing and capturing or killing wild animals. 2020-08-04T06:19:50Z food harvested by hunting Food material that is obtained by foraging the natural environment. 2020-08-04T06:19:59Z food harvested by gathering A food product which is produced from one or more organisms, none of which have changes in their DNA as a result of genetic engineering. 2020-08-04T06:43:55Z food (not genetically-modified) The country or countries of manufacture, production, design, or brand origin where an article or product comes from. For multinational brands, this may include multiple countries within the value-creation process. 2020-08-04T13:31:27Z product country-of-origin 1 A product primarily manufactured in a single country of origin, and with components coming from that country. 2020-08-04T13:47:52Z single country-of-origin product A product primarily manufactured within America. 2020-08-04T13:48:41Z Made in America Made in USA American-made product A single-country-of-origin product which is retailed in that country. 2020-08-04T13:54:22Z product retailed within its country-of-origin Food produced within a relatively short distance of where it is consumed. 2020-08-04T13:55:50Z 100 mile diet 100-mile food local food local food A plant or plant part that is obtained by foraging the natural environment. 2020-09-01T05:24:09Z wild harvested plant Cultivation of plants within a polytunnel or similar tunnel. 2020-09-01T14:47:38Z tunnel farming The rearing of domesticated animals for food. 2020-09-01T15:15:52Z food animal rearing An approach to animal husbandry designed to maximize production, while minimizing costs by keeping livestock such as cattle, poultry, and fish at high stocking densities, at large scale, and using automated feeding systems. 2020-09-01T15:16:09Z factory farming intensive animal farming industrial livestock production A technology-based approach toward food production that aims to provide optimal growing conditions throughout the development of a crop located within an enclosed growing structure such as a greenhouse or building. 2020-09-01T15:39:29Z controlled environment agriculture (CEA) production 2020-09-01T15:50:14Z aquaculture production Aquatic farmed food production located offshore, in coastal areas or in freshwater lakes, open-net pens, or “cages”, that allow for free exchange between the farm and the surrounding environment. 2020-09-01T15:51:58Z aquaculture open-pen rearing 2020-09-01T15:52:32Z aquaculture closed containment pen rearing Damion Dooley 2020-09-07T14:40:30Z Food that is the output of a food harvesting process. food (harvested) Food material which has not yet been harvested from its rearing environment. 2020-09-07T17:39:48Z pre-harvest food material 2020-09-08T18:42:03Z common bean seed 2020-09-08T18:42:15Z common bean pod 2020-09-09T07:20:47Z cabbage (whole) 2020-09-09T07:39:07Z cauliflower (whole) 2020-09-09T14:09:09Z cowpea (whole) 2020-09-09T15:12:38Z indian mustard plant 2020-09-09T19:28:43Z Maize plant The clown featherback, clown knifefish, or spotted knifefish, Chitala ornata, is a nocturnal tropical fish with a long, knife-like body. This knifefish is native to freshwater habitats in Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam, but it has also been introduced to regions outside its native range. It is one of world's most invasive species. Damion Dooley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clown_featherback 2019-06-27T23:57:48Z Chitala ornata clown knifefish featherback spotted knifefish clown featherback "peeling" is the process of removing the outer covering, layer or skin from a fruit, vegetable, or plant or animal (such as a shrimp). Damion Dooley food peeling process The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the minnow family (Cyprinidae) of the order Cypriniformes Dalia AlGhamdi https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebrafish zebrafish Farfantepenaeus aztecus is a species of marine penaeid shrimps found around the east coast of the USA and Mexico Dalia AlGhamdi https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farfantepenaeus_aztecus brown shrimp Scylla paramamosain is a mud crab commonly consumed in South-east Asia. Dalia AlGhamdi https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scylla_paramamosain green mud crab The Indian prawn (Fenneropenaeus indicus, formerly Penaeus indicus), is one of the major commercial prawn species of the world. It is found in the Indo-West Pacific from eastern and south-eastern Africa, through India, Malaysia and Indonesia to southern China and northern Australia Dalia AlGhamdi https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_prawn Indian prawn A pure cocoa mass in solid or semi-solid form, produced from cocoa beans that have been fermented, dried, roasted, and separated from their skins. Damion Dooley Like the cocoa beans (nibs) from which it is produced, it contains both cocoa solids and cocoa butter in roughly equal proportion.[wikipedia:Chocolate_liquor] cocoa liquor jerusalem artichoke lox loganberry frozen oat bread sourdough A butter flavoured candy that is rolled, cut into small pieces and wrapped in wax paper to keep it soft. butter chew chewable butter candy cauliflower naranjilla SUBSET_SIREN:F5323 subset_siren SIREN DB annotation: * has quality 'fully heat-treated' (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03440014) * formed as a result of 'preservation by freezing' (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03470136) food (precooked, frozen) Roe or hard roe is the fully ripe internal egg masses in the ovaries, or the released external egg masses of fish and certain marine animals, such as shrimp, scallop and sea urchins. As a seafood, roe is used both as a cooked ingredient in many dishes and as a raw ingredient. roe SUBSET_SIREN:F9850 SUBSET_SIREN:F6690 subset_siren SIREN DB annotation: * has consumer 'organic food claim or use' (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03510128) food (organically grown) whiskey whisky Must determine if "sea trout" and "brown trout" are truely synonymous, and if so, to make some sea trout entries deprecated.