-Iv.AUSTRALIA,,^'

PRESS STATEMENT MINISTER FOR RESOURCES AND ENERGY   SENATOR GARETH EVANS Q.C.

19 February 1986.

9/86

GROUP TO BEGIN WORK ON ASSESSING FORMER NUCLEAR TEST SITES

The British and Australian Governments have now reaiched

agreements which clear the way for the start of work by

the Technical Assessment Group (TAG)  which will develop

options for the clean-up of the former nuclear test -  sites

in Australia.

The TAG will begin its first meeting in Canberra next

Monday 24 February. The meeting will continue over 3 days

and be followed by a visit to Maralinga on Thursday and

Friday for preliminary on-site investigations.

I announced in London last month, following my talks there

with UK Ministers, that in-principle agreement had been

reached to establish the TAG (copy of London statement at

Attachment A) .  Two matters had at that stage still to be

agreed between the Governments - the detailed terms of

reference, and. the UK membership - but these have now been

resolved (see the attached exchange of letters with the UK

Minister for Defence Procurement, Mr Lamont,  which I

tabled in the Senate today, Attachment B).

The TAG's terms of reference are at Attachment C. It has

been asked to produce' an interim report in May.

The members of the TAG are:

Australia

Mr Des Davy (Convenor) ,  Chief of the Environmental

Science Division, Australian Atomic Energy Commission;

Dr Keith Lokan, Director of the Australian Radiation   Laboratory;

- 2 -

United Kingdom

Ã¢ÂÂ¢  Dr Hylton Smith, Head of Biology Department, UK

National Radiation Protection Board;

.  Mr David Deverell, formerly Head of the Chemical

Technology Division, UK Atomic Weapons Research

Establishment;

United States

Mr Bruce Church, Director of the Health Physics

Division, Nevada Operations Office, US Department of

Energy.

Arrangements for the establishment of the Consultative

Group to provide a forurn for the views of interests

affected by Ã¢ÂÂ  the Royal Commission Report will be finalised

shortly. The Group will comprise representatives of the

Australian, UK, South Australian and Western Australian

Governments, and Aboriginal interests (determined

following consultations between the Department of

Aboriginal Affairs and appropriate Aboriginal groups), and

is expected to meet for the first time in March.

The Government is currently considering the

recommendations of the Royal Cbmmission concerning

compensation for personal injury or illness, and I expect

decisions to be announced during the current session of

Parliament. .

The Government is also giving consideration to the

Commission's recommendation which concerns compensation to

Aboriginals for the loss of use and enjoyment of the

Maralinga lands, and a response on this issue will also be

made as soon as possible. .

* * * * * *

CANBERRA

A T T A CHM ENT  A

* Â£  1

-^a u s t o a l m ^

LONDON 22 January 1986

FOR MEDIA

S T A T E M E N T  B Y  S E N A T O R  G A R E T H  E V A N S  Q C ,   A U S T R A L I A N  M I N I S T E R  F O R  R E S O U R C E S  A N D  E N E R G Y

T A L K S  O N  R E P O R T  O F  R O Y A L  C O M M I S S I O N  I N T O

B R I T I S H  N U C L E A R  T E S T S  I N  A U S T R A L I A

T h e  f i r s t  r o u n d  i n  w h a t  is  L i k e l y  t o  b e  a n  e x t e n d e d

s e r i e s  o f  M i n i s t e r i a l  a n d  O f f i c i a l  t a l k s  o n  t h e

r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s  o f  t h e  R o y a l  C o m m i s s i o n  i n t o  B r i t i s h

N u c l e a r  T e s t s  i n  A u s t r a l i a  c o n c l u d e d  s a t i s f a c t o r i l y

h e r e  t o d a y .

S a t i s f a c t o r y  p r o g r e s s  w a s  m a d e  n o t  o n l y  i n  i d e n t i f y i n g

t h e  m a t t e r s  o n  w h i c h  t h e  A u s t r a l i a n  a n d  U K  G o v e r n m e n t s

h a v e ,  a t  t h i s  s t a g e ,  d i f f e r i n g  v i e w s ,  b u t  - m o r e

i m p o r t a n t  ly - o n  e s t a b l i s h i n g  p r o c e d u r e s  a n d  p r o c e s s e s

w h i c h  m a y  u l t i m a t e l y  e n a b l e  t h o s e  d i f f e r e n c e s  t o

b e  r e s o l v e d .

F o l l o w i n g  m y  t a l k s  w i t h  t h e  F o r e i g n  S e c r e t a r y ,

S i r  G e o f f r e y  H o w e ,  t h e  M i n i s t e r  o f  S t a t e  i n  t h e

F o r e i g n  a n d  C o m m o n w e a l t h  O f f i c e ,  L a d y  Y o u n g ,  a n d

w i t h  t h e  M i n i s t e r  o f  S t a t e  f o r  D e f e n c e  P r o c u r e m e n t , ’

M r  N o r m a n  L a m o n t  ( w h o  is i m m e d i a t e l y  r e s p o n s i b l e

f o r  t h i s  i s s u e ) ,  a g r e e m e n t  in  p r i n c i p l e  w a s  r e a c h e d

o n  t w o  m a j o r  p r o c e d u r a l  i s s u e s .

. . 1 2

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e s t a b l i s h i n g  a T e c h n i c a l  A s s e s s m e n t  G r o u p ,  t o  u n d e r t a k e

f i e l d  s t u d i e s  a n d  l a b o r a t o r y  r e s e a r c h  a n d  r e p o r t

i n  d e t a i l  o n  o p t i o n s  - a n d  c o s t s  - f o r  t h e  r a d i o - a c t i v e

a n d  t o x i c  d e c o n t a m i n a t i o n  o f  t h e  f o r m e r  B r i t i s h

a t o m i c  t e s t  s i t e s  i n  A u s t r a l i a .  T h e  G r o u p  w i l l

c o n s i s t  o f  t w o  A u s t r a l i a n  s c i e n t i s t s ,  M r  D R D a v y ,

C h i e f  o f  t h e  E n v i r o n m e n t a l  S c i e n c e  D i v i s i o n  o f

t h e  A u s t r a l i a n  A t o m i c  E n e r g y  C o m m i s s i o n  ( C o n v e n o r )

a n d  D r  K H L o k a n ,  D i r e c t o r  o f  t h e  A u s t r a l i a n  R a d i a t i o n

L a b o r a t o r y ;  a U n i t e d  S t a t e s  p l u t o n i u m  d e c o n t a m i n a t i o n

e x p e r t ,  M r  B W  C h u r c h ,  D i r e c t o r  o f  t h e  H e a l t h  P h y s i c s

D i v i s i o n ,  N e v a d a  O p e r a t i o n s  O f f i c e ' ,  D e p a r t m e n t

o f  E n e r g y ;  a n d  t w o  B r i t i s h  e x p e r t s  t o  b e  n o m i n a t e d

b y  t h e  U K  G o v e r n m e n t .

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o f  a C o n s u l t a t i v e  G r o u p ,  c o n s i s t i n g  o f  r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s

f r o m  t h e  A u s t r a l i a n ,  S o u t h  A u s t r a l i a n  a n d  W e s t e r n

A u s t r a l i a n  G o v e r n m e n t s ,  a n d  A b o r i g i n a l  i n t e r e s t s

t o  d i s c u s s  a n d  m o n i t o r  p r o g r e s s  o n  t h e  r e h a b i l i t a t i o n

o f  t h e  t e s t  s i t e s .  T h e  U K  G o v e r n m e n t  h a s  a c c e p t e d

o u r  i n v i t a t i o n  t o  b e  r e p r e s e n t e d  a t  m e e t i n g s  o f

t h i s  G r o u p .  N e i t h e r  t h e  A u s t r a l i a n  n o r  U K  G o v e r n m e n t

f a v o u r e d  t h e  c r e a t i o n  o f  a f o r m a l  " M a r a l i n g a  C o m m i s s i o n "

o f  t h e  k i n d  r e c o m m e n d e d  b y  t h e  R o y a l  C o m m i s s i o n ,

t a k i n g  t h e  v i e w  t h a t  t h e  m a t t e r s  i n  i s s u e  c a n  o n l y

p r o p e r l y  b e  r e s o l v e d  b y  d i r e c t  i n t e r g o v e r n m e n t

n e g o t i a t i o n .

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t h e  v a r i o u s  p r o b l e m s  i d e n t i f i e d  b y  t h e  R o y a l  C o m m i s s i o n

t h a t  r e m a i n  t o  b e  r e s o l v e d  i n  d i s c u s s i o n s  b e t w e e n

t h e  U K  a n d  A u s t r a l i a n  G o v e r n m e n t s  w a s  t h e  q u e s t i o n

o f  t h e  n a t u r e  a n d  e x t e n t  o f  t h e  f u r  ...er  c l e a n - u p

r e q u i r e d  a t  M a r a l i n g a ,  a n d  w h o  s h o u l d  p a y  f o r  i t .

3

T h e  m a i n  e l e m e n t s  i n  t h e  M a r a l i n g a  c o n t a m i n a t i o n

p r o b l e m ,  a n d  t h o s e  w i t h  w h i c h  t h e  A u s t r a l i a n  G o v e r n m e n t

is m o s t  c o n c e r n e d ,  a r e :

. t h e  a p p r o x i m a t e l y  1 . 5 k g  o f  p l u t o n i u m  d i s p e r s e d

i n  u p  t o  1 0 0 , 0 0 0  c o n t a m i n a t e d  f r a g m e n t s  at

u n a c c e p t a b l e  c o n c e n t r a t i o n s  o v e r  a l a r g e  l a n d

a r e a ,  e s p e c i a l l y  a t  t h e  T a r a n a k i  t e s t  s i t e ;

. t h e  a p p r o x i m a t e l y  2 0 k g  o f  p l u t o n i u m  b u r i e d

a m i d  a m a s s  o f  d e b r i s  i n  o v e r  2 0  b u r i a l  p i t s

a t  t h e  T a r a n a k i  a n d  T M 1 0 1  s i t e s ,  m a n y  o f  w h i c h

p i t s  a r e  u n s a t i s f a c t o r i l y  s e a l e d ;  a n d

. t h e  l a r g e  q u a n t i t i e s  o f  u r a n i u m ,  a n d  t h e  t o x i c

c h e m i c a l  b e r y l l i u m ,  d i s p e r s e d  o v e r  a s i g n i f i c a n t

l a n d  a r e a  at  a n u m b e r  o f  m i n o r  t r i a l  s i t e s .

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m e  t o  t h e  U K  M i n i s t e r s ,  is  t h a t  t h e  s t a t e m e n t  in

t h e  o r i g i n a l  1 9 5 6  M e m o r a n d u m  o f  A r r a n g e m e n t s  r e l a t i n g

t o  t h e  M a r a l i n g a  s i t e  is  s t i l l  a n  a p p r o p r i a t e  d e s c r i p t i o n

o f  b o t h  t h e  l e g a l  a n d  m o r a l  r e s p o n s i b i l i t y  o f  t h e

U K  G o v e r n m e n t , v i z .  t h a t  " T h e  U K  G o v e r n m e n t  a c c e p t s  .

l i a b i l i t y  f o r  s u c h  c o r r e c t i v e  m e a s u r e s  a s  m a y  b e

p r a c t i c a b l e  in  t h e  e v e n t  o f  r a d i o - a c t i v e  c o n t a m i n a t i o n

r e s u l t i n g  f r o m  t e s t s  o n  t h e  s i t e . "

T h e  U K  G o v e r n m e n t ' s  p o s i t i o n ,  a s  s t a t e d  t o  m e ,

is t h a t  it  r e m a i n s  t o  b e  c o n v i n c e d  - i n  t h e  l i g h t

o f  t h e  c l e a n - u p  o f  t h e  s i t e  w h i c h  d i d  t a k e  p l a c e

in  1 9 6 7  a n d  t h e  R e l e a s e  s i g n e d  b y  t h e  A u s t r a l i a n

G o v e r n m e n t  t h e  f o l l o w i n g  y e a r  - t h a t  it h a s  e i t h e r

a l e g a l  o r  m o r a l  r e s p o n s i b i l i t y .

.  .  /4

4

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p l a c e  o n  t h e s e  i s s u e s ,  b o t h  G o v e r n m e n t s  h a v e  a g r e e d

t h a t  a t  t h i s  s t a g e  t h e  m o s t  c o n s t r u c t i v e  c o u r s e

w o u l d  b e  t o  p u t  t o  o n e  s i d e  t h e  q u e s t i o n  o f  l i a b i l i t y

f o r  c l e a n - u p  c o s t s  a n d  t o  f o c u s  a t t e n t i o n  o n  w h a t

a r e  i n  f a c t  ' p r a c t i c a b l e '  s o l u t i o n s  - i n  c o s t / b e n e f i t

t e r m s  -  t o  t h e  r e m a i n i n g  c o n t a m i n a t i o n  p r o b l e m s .

T h e  i m m e d i a t e  n e e d  i s  f o r  a f u l l - s c a l e -  s c i e n t i f i c

e v a l u a t i o n  o f  t h e  m e a s u r e s  n e e d e d ,  a n d  t h e  c o s t s

i n v o l v e d ,  i n  o r d e r  t o  a c h i e v e  v a r y i n g  p o s s i b l e

d e g r e e s  o f  a c c e s s  t o ,  a n d  h a b i t a t i o n  o f  t h e  c o n t a m i n a t e d

t e s t  s i t e s .

T h i s  w a s  r e c o g n i s e d  b y  t h e  R o y a l  C o m m i s s i o n  i t s e l f :

" V a r i o u s  o p t i o n s  f o r  c l e a n - u p  w e r e  c o n s i d e r e d  b u t

t h e  R o y a l  C o m m i s s i o n  h a s  n o t  b e e n  a b l e  t o  m a k e

d e t a i l e d  r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s  b e c a u s e  i n s u f f i c i e n t  d a t a

w e r e  t e n d e r e d  o n  t h e  l e v e l s  o f  r i s k ,  o p t i o n s  f o r

c l e a n - u p  a n d  t h e  a s s o c i a t e d  c o ' s t s "  ( C o n c l u s i o n  1 8 2 ) . I

T h e  U K  G o v e r n m e n t  h a s  a g r e e d  t o  p a r t i c i p a t e  i n

t h e  r e q u i r e d  s c i e n t i f i c  e v a l u a t i o n s  - t o  b e  c a r r i e d

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" w i t h o u t  p r e j u d i c e "  b a s i s ,  a n d  t h e  A u s t r a l i a n  G o v e r n m e n t

h a s  w i l l i n g l y  a c c e p t e d  t h i s .

W h e n  t h e  G r o u p  p r o d u c e s  i t s  f i n a l  r e p o r t  - i d e n t i f y i n g

'  .  y

w i t h  p r e c i s i o n  t h e  c o s t s  a n d  b e n e f i t s  i n v o l v e d  .  *'Â·'

i n  a  s e r i e s  o f  d i f f e r e n t  c l e a n - u p  o p t i o n s  -  a  f i r m

f o u n d a t i o n  w i l l  h a v e  b e e n  e s t a b l i s h e d  o n  w h i c h

f u r t h e r  i n t e r g o v e r n m e n t a l  d i s c u s s i o n  o n  t h e  q u e s t i o n

o f  c l e a n - u p  r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s  c a n  p r o c e e d .

. . 7 5

5

It is p r o p o s e d  t h a t  t h e  T A G  p r o d u c e  a n  i n t e r i m

r e p o r t  i n  M a y z w h i c h  w i l l  a l s o  a d d r e s s  s p e c i f i c a l l y

t h e  q u e s t i o n  a s  t o  w h e t h e r  o n e  o f  t h e  m o r e  o b v i o u s

c l e a n - u p  o p t i o n s  - a n  " e m u  p a r a d e "  a t  T a r a n a k i  -

m i g h t  u s e f u l l y  p r o c e e d  a t  a n  e a r l y  s t a g e .

It i s  n o t  p o s s i b l e  t o  s a y  a t  t h i s  s t a g e  w h e n  t h e

T A G ' s  f i n a l  r e p o r t  is l i k e l y  t o  b e  c o m p l e t e d ,  b u t

t h e  r e s e a r c h  a n d  e v a l u a t i o n  r e q u i r e d  m a y  t a k e  o f

t h e  o r d e r  o f  e i g h t e e n  m o n t h s .

W h i l e  t h e  T A G  e x e r c i s e  i s  p r o c e e d i n g ,  it i s  e n v i s a g e d

t h a t  c o m m u n i c a t i o n  o n  a l l  t h e  v a r i o u s  m a t t e r s  r a i s e d

i n  t h e  R o y a l  C o m m i s s i o n  R e p o r t  a b o u t  t h e  c o n d i t i o n s

a n d  f u t u r e  o f  t h e  t e s t  s i t e s  b e t w e e n  t h e  m a j o r

i n t e r e s t e d  p a r t i e s  - t h e  A u s t r a l i a n ,  U K ,  S o u t h

A u s t r a l i a n  a n d  W e s t e r n  A u s t r a l i a n  G o v e r n m e n t s ,

a n d  A b o r i g i n a l  i n t e r e s t s  - w i l l  b e  m a i n t a i n e d  t h r o u g h

m e e t i n g s  o f  t h e  p r o p o s e d  C o n s u l t a t i v e  G r o u p .

T h i s  w e e k ' s  M i n i s t e r i a l  t a l k s ,  l i k e  t h e  O f f i c i a l ' s

t a l k s  w h i c h  p r e c e d e d  t h e m  o n  9 - 1 0  J a n u a r y  i n  C a n b e r r a

t o o k  p l a c e  i n  a n  a m i c a b l e  a n d  c o n s t r u c t i v e  a t m o s p h e r e

A T T ACH ME NT B

Ã¢ÂÂ  Â»

DEPARTMENT OF RESOURCES A N D  ENERGY

ÃÂ ÃÂ   I  NC. SECRETARY Ã¢ÂÂ   C A N B E R R A  A C T .  2 6 0

Kis Excellency Sir John Leahy,  KCMG   High Commissioner British High Commission .

Commonwealth Avenue   CANBERRA ACT 2600 .

Dear Sir John,

Following on from their recent discussions in London, Senator   Evans has asked that I convey to you the following message for   onwards transmission to Mr Lament.  Ã¢ÂÂ

QUOTE

The Hon. Norman Lament, MP Minister of State for Defence Procurement

Dear Mr Lament,

As we agreed at our meeting in London on 22 January, the   Australian Government is establishing a Technical Assessment   Group to advise on clean-up options for the former atomic test   sites, particularly Maralinga.  I invite representatives of the

United Kingdom Government to participate in the G r o u p .   Participation would be on a 'without prejudice-basis to. the   question of ultimate liability for clean-up costs.'

We agreed that the Technical Assessment Group would undertake   field studies and laboratory research and report in detail on   options and costs for the radioactive and toxic decontamination   of the sites. As a result of these scientific evaluations,

'practicable' solutions - in cost/benefit terms - can be   established in order to achieve varying possible degrees of   access to and habitation of the contaminated sites.

Regarding the final terms of reference for the Group we agreed   that suggestions from the United Kingdom would be communicated   to Australia for consideration through your High Commission in   Canberra.  I am anxious to settle the terms of reference as

soon as possible so that the Group can produce its interim   report in M a y .

2 .

The composition of the Group will be Mr D.R. D a vy ,  Chief of the   Environmental Science Division of the Australian Atomic Energy   Commission (convenor) and Dr K.H. Lok an ,  Director of the ' *   Australian Radiation Laboratory, a United States plutonium   decontamination Expert, Mr B.W. 'Church,  Director of the Health

Physics Division,  Nevada Operation's Office, Department of   Energy and two United Kingdom representatives.  As discussed,   while continuity is desirable it is not essential,  and ad hoc   co-option of United Kingdom representative's Is S possibility.

I envisage the first meeting being held in February-March.

I propose also to establish the ‘ constiltative group we agreed   on, as soon as possible and" "am pleased that the United Kingdom   Government has agreed to be represented on this body. The   other representatives will be from,the Australian, South   Australian and Western Australian Governments and Aboriginal

interests.  It will discuss and monitor progress on the   rehabilitation of the test sites and maintain communication on   all the various matters, raised in the Royal Commission Report.

I thank you for your cooperation in this sensitive and   important matter and look forward to receiving the names of   your representatives on the Technical Assessment Group and the   consultative group in the near future

Yours sincerely,

GARETH EVANS

UNQUOTE

Yours sincerely,

D .J .  Ives

3 4 U A N  1986

From the High Commissioner

Mr Norman Lamont has asked me to convey the following message  to you. The signed copy follows.

"I am pleased that we were able to reach agreement  at our meeting in London on 22 January and that  your arrangements for establishing the Technical  Assessment Group (TAG) are moving ahead swiftly.

Thank you for your letter and the formal invitation.

I am pleased to accept the invitation to send -  '

representatives on the understanding that it is  in accordance with the assurance which the  United Kingdom reiterated in 1978 to provide  technical advice if requested on any further  on-site operations to reduce surface contamination.

I also acknowledge your agreement that the United  Kingdom's representation on the TAG will be on a  'without prejudice' basis to the question of  ultimate liability for clean-up costs.

I am con tent wit h the terms of r e f eren ce of the TAG  whi ch were h a n d e d  to the British Hig h C o m m i s s i o n  on   A F e b r u a r y  1986. However, I w o u l d  wish to emphasise,   as we a g r e e d  in London, that the f u n c t i o n  of the Group

Senator The Hon. Gareth Evans, Q.C. Minister for Resources and Energy  Parliament House  Canberra

A.C.T. 2600 14 February 1986

is to identify and assess the costs Of a range  of options, not to recommend which should be  selected. Also, I am advised that the range of  options relating to the burial pits at Maralinna  shall not exclude improving their present condition  and the possibility of local disposal of radioactive  or toxic debris. The names of the two experts for the  TAG are Dr Hylton Smith, Head of the Biology Department

of the National Radiological Protection Board and  Mr David Deverel1, formerly Head of the Chemical  Technology Division, Al/RE, Aldermaston. v

We will do our best to provide continuity of repreÂ­ sentation but I am grateful for your recognition that  other UK experts may be co-opted on an ad hoc basis. As regards the Consultative Group> I confirm acceptance

in principle of the invitation to be represented. The  UK representative will be a member of the British High  Commission in Canberra.

With your agreement, I would wish to publish this  exchange of letters in Hansard: you may well wish to to do likewise."

ATTACHMENT C

Techni cal Assessment. Group - Terms ol" ReI'eroncf:

1 .  Advise ( I k ;  Mi rri.sl or Lor R e s o u r c e s  and laicrgy

the roll abd lj. tat ion of the sJtes used forÂ· the

nuclear testing programmes in Australia. In

Group shall. :

a. advise the Minister on requirements,  including

re sources,  timescales and costs, for field studies,

laboratory research and pilot operations to be

undertaken to enable options for radioactive and toxic

decontamination of former British.atomic test sites in

Australia to be developed

b. evaluate, on the basis of a pilot study to be conducted

by April 1986, the m e t h o d o l o g y ,  cost, scope, timescale

and efficacy of scavenging of areas containing

plutonium contaminated fragments (an 1  emu parade') and

to consider at the same time whether other debris at

any of the test sites might be the subject of similar

action

c. the Group to report to the Minister for Resources and

Energy on a and b above by the end of May 1986

d .  on the basis of the above field studies , laboratory

research and pilot operations, and an assessment of

hazards to operators, develop criteria, strategies and

costs of options for decontamination of the test sites.

2 .  In considering options for the clean-up of the sites,

possible access should cover the range from:-

a. fully unrestricted habitation by Aboriginals including

the case of high dependence on local plants and animals

for food: to

b. casual access by Aboriginals assuming retained or, if

n e c e s s a r y , extended f e n c e s .

on opt i  mis for

British

particular the

3 Â·  The Technical Assessment. Group will reconvene as necessary

Go assess progress of the field studies and research

programme and report to. the Minister as soon as possible on

c r i t e r i a , timescales and costs of decontamination options.

The Group may report progressively once it lias reached a

final assessment of particular sites and in any case not

later than six months after the completion of relevant

field studies and research. .

