Compiled by the Geological Survey of Queensland
The methods used to prepare samples for analyses.
Sample Preparation Methods
Sample preparation steps and multi-step processes that concentrate, refine, or prepare a raw material into a saleable product.
Mine Processing
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Date Modified
Provenance
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Publisher
definition
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has top concept
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preferred label
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The process of making a material more acidic.
Acidify
To collect or gather into a mass or whole
Aggregate
A composite process that may include any combination of washing, crushing, and concentrating
Beneficiate
A chemical process to cluster metallic ions.
Chelate
The action of increasing pressure on a sample.
Compress
Preparation by removing or reducing the diluting agent(s) or material.
Concentrate
To change a gas to a liquid. Typically through decreasing temperature or increasing pressure.
Condense
The process of reducing the sample temperature.
Cool
The deformation or pulverization of material by compressing forcefully.
Crush
A composite process of deformation or pulverization of material by compressing forcefully (crushing) followed by separation of material components based on a physical property such as size or density (sort).
Crush and Sort
Prepartion by bifurcating any number of times to produce fresh faces or a smaller overall sample.
Cut
The process of making a material more alkaline.
Deacidify
The action of decreasing pressure on a sample.
Decompress
To change a gas to a solid. Typically through decreasing temperature or increasing pressure.
Deposit
The removal of a liquid component from a solid.
Dessicate
Preparation by addition of the solvent or diluting agent(s).
Dilute
To separate into component parts
Disaggregate
The process of dissolving a material in a solvent.
Dissolve
The action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling.
Distill
A technique that uses direct electric current to drive an otherwise non-spontaneous chemical reaction. Electrolysis is commercially important as a stage in the separation of elements from naturally occurring sources such as ores using an electrolytic cell.
Electrolysis
A separation process consisting in the separation of a substance from a matrix. Common examples include liquid-liquid extraction, and solid phase extraction.
Extract
An operation that separates solid matter and fluid from a mixture with a filter medium that has a complex structure through which only the fluid can pass.
Filter
To change a liquid to a solid. Typically through decreasing temperature or increasing pressure.
Freeze
Reduce of material to small particles or powder by crushing it.
Grind
The process of applying thermal radiation to a material in order to raise its surface and or internal temperature.
Heat
The addition of water to a solid sample.
Hydrate
To change a gas to a plasma. Typically through decreasing temperature.
Ionise
Laser ablation is the process of removing material from a solid (or occasionally liquid) surface by irradiating it with a laser beam.
Laser Ablate
To change a solid to a liquid. Typically through increasing temperature or decreasing pressure.
Melt
To be mounted on or between media in preparation for petroscopy or other observation technique which requires a stable, protected sample.
Mount
The process of precipitating a material out of a solvent.
Precipitate
To change the chemical state of a sample by combination with a reagent.
React
To change a gas to a plasma. Typically through increasing temperature.
Recombine
A group of post-primary process in resource processing such as electrolysis, cupellation, pyrometallurgical reactions.
Refine
The by-product pathway parallel to a refining process that generates waste material or by-products.
Refining by-product
To extract gemstones, typically opal, as extracted from-ground or after the agitation process of washing and tumbling, but without processing by apidary equipment.
Rough Extract
Material characterised by size fractionation through a screen or series of screens.
Sieve
The separation of material components based on a physical property such as size or density (sort)
Sort
To change a solid to a gas. Typically through increasing temperature or decreasing pressure.
Sublimate
An explicit indication that a sample material was not processed between two states. For example where a raw material requires no processing to be considered a saleable product.
No Processing
Where a process or group of processes has been performed but specific details have not been recorded or are not available.
Unspecified
To change a liquid to a gas. Typically through increasing temperature or decreasing pressure.
Vaporise
To mix with water and/or chemicals and physically agitate to remove impurities.
Wash
Concept Scheme
A set of concepts, optionally including statements about semantic relationships between those concepts.