GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
type: Agent

Geoscience Australia
type: Agent

Sampling Method
type: ConceptScheme
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
issued: 2018-01-30
version info: v1.0
has top concept: airfall dust collector
has top concept: borehole fluid sampling
has top concept: borehole logging tool
has top concept: bottle incubation
has top concept: camera
has top concept: chamber incubation
has top concept: core incubation dark
has top concept: core incubation light
has top concept: current meter
has top concept: drilling
has top concept: field mapping survey
has top concept: filtered dust collector
has top concept: filtration
has top concept: grainsize separation
has top concept: marine survey
has top concept: marine survey sampling
has top concept: sediment trap
has top concept: sonde
has top concept: surface material sampling
has top concept: undergound mine sampling
has top concept: unknown
has top concept: water sampling

airfall dust collector
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Sample of fine-grained solid material that is passively collected by airfall from the atmosphere.
top concept of: Sampling Method

airlift
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
broader: water sampling
definition: Compressed air is used to extract groundwater

artesian flow
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
broader: water sampling
definition: Groundwater sample obtained from flowing artesian bore

auger
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: Specimens collected by hand or mechanical auger which enable samples to be taken at intervals down profile. For example regolith, soil or sediment.

bailer
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
broader: water sampling
definition: Bailer is a hollow tube used to retrieve groundwater samples from monitoring wells. A bailer is tied to a piece of rope or wire and lowered into the water column to collect a sample.
narrower: in situ grab sampler

dredge benthic
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: dredge
definition: Seabed sampling taken over a small area seaward of the continental shelf. Sample of the upper few cm of rocky sea floor particularly for biota.

borehole DST test
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
alternative label: drill stem test
broader: borehole fluid sampling
definition: A sample is collected during drilling by a test using a hydrostatic head to measure the formation pressures and to bring the formation fluids to the surface. The test can provide information for determination of potential petroleum producing formations and their exact depth.

borehole fluid sampling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Sampling of fluids (oil, gas, or water) from a borehole by an unspecified method.
narrower: airlift
narrower: artesian flow
narrower: bailer
narrower: borehole DST test
narrower: borehole PROD test
narrower: borehole WFT test
narrower: electric submersible pump
narrower: helical coil pump
narrower: in situ grab sampler
narrower: jet pump
narrower: liquid-gas separation
narrower: low flow pump
narrower: pump jack
narrower: water pump
narrower: windmill
top concept of: Sampling Method

borehole logging tool
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Observation of measurement of physical properties down a borehole by an instrument in a continuous linear format. (e.g. a gamma log)
top concept of: Sampling Method

borehole PROD test
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
alternative label: well production test
broader: borehole fluid sampling
definition: A borehole sampling test similar to DST test, but on a larger scale and under the production conditions after the well completion is conducted.

borehole WFT test
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
alternative label: wireline formation test
broader: borehole fluid sampling
definition: A sample is taken from a borehole with a wireline formation tester by inserting a probe into a well wall to withdraw a small amount of formation fluid and to measure the formation pore pressure. This measurement can provide formation pressures along the well hole, thereby giving a measure of pressure with depth or along a horizontal borehole.

bottle incubation
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: A method to derive the oxygen consumption rate/respiration rates of organic matter conducted in a bottle or vial under controlled light and temperature conditions.
narrower: bottle incubation dark
narrower: bottle incubation light
top concept of: Sampling Method

bottle incubation dark
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: bottle incubation
definition: A method to derive the oxygen consumption rate/respiration rates of organic matter conducted in a bottle or vial under controlled light and temperature conditions.

bottle incubation light
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: bottle incubation
definition: A method to derive the oxygen consumption rate/respiration rates of organic matter conducted in a bottle or vial under controlled light and temperature conditions.

cable tool drilling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: National Groundwater Information System (NGIS)
broader: percussion drilling
definition: A percussion drilling method that uses a heavy drilling tool that is raised and lowered with enough force to pulverise the rock, with the debris removed by a bailer.

camera
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: The process of capturing a still image or moving scene of a feature by a video or still photographic camera
top concept of: Sampling Method

dredge chain bag
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: dredge
definition: Sampling of large rocks from the sea floor using a chain bag

chamber incubation
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: A method that isolates sediment and overlying water in a benthic chamber. Water samples are collected from the benthic chamber during the incubation.
narrower: chamber incubation dark
narrower: chamber incubation light
top concept of: Sampling Method

chamber incubation dark
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: chamber incubation
definition: A in situ method that isolates sediment and overlying water in a dark benthic chamber. Incubation water samples are collected from the benthic chamber during the incubation. The dark chamber restricts light penetration and therefore stops the process of photosynthesis. This enables benthic respiration to be measured.

chamber incubation light
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: chamber incubation
definition: A in situ method that isolates sediment and overlying water in a light benthic chamber. Incubation water samples are collected from the benthic chamber during the incubation. The transparent walls of the chamber allow light penetration and enables benthic respiration and photosynthesis to be measured.

core air
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: core drilling
definition: Rock or sediment core derived from a dry, air-cooled diamond drilling method.

core box
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: A method that obtains a large volume or large surface area core with shallow penetration and minimum disturbance. Commonly uses a double spade system.

core catcher
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: core drilling
definition: A method by which a specimen of sediment is collected from the end of the core in the core catcher. The core catcher has curved finger-like projections that extend down to the lowest part of the core liner. The core catcher helps keep the sediment in the core liner when the core is being removed from the surface.

core conventional
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: core drilling
definition: Core drilling using diamond or tungsten carbide bit using a core barrel with fibreglass inner sleeves. Used in the oil industry.

core cutter
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: core drilling
definition: A method by which a specimen of sediment is collected from the lowest part of a coring assembly at the core cutter. The core cutter has sharp edges which cut and shape the sediment entering the core liner as the corer goes into the sediment.

core diamond
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: core drilling
definition: Rock or sediment core drilling using a liquid-cooled, diamond or tungsten carbide bit.

core drilling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: Sampling of a core of earth material by an unspecified drilling method
preferred label: core drilling, unspecified

core geoprobe
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: High quality core extracted by hydraulic power. Used in rough terrain, soft sand, mud, shallow water, or tight, congested areas. Long high quality cores.

core gravity
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: Used only where short cores are required. Core barrel is gravity forced. Near surface high quality core.

core incubation dark
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: A method whereby a sediment core is collected along with overlying water. The sediment and water are incubated under no light and controlled temperature conditions.
top concept of: Sampling Method

core incubation light
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: A method whereby a sediment core is collected along with overlying water. The sediment and water are incubated under controlled light and temperature conditions.
narrower: core catcher
narrower: core cutter
top concept of: Sampling Method

core Kasten
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: Large volume, reletatively undisturbed sediment core (~3m long) from a Kasten Corer. The corer is constructed of stainless steel and is square in cross-section. A weight of several hundred kilograms on top of the corer pushes it 2-3 metres into the seabed. It is designed for sedimentological and geochemical sampling of fine-grained sediments. This type of corer obtains relatively undisturbed cores and can preserve the sediment/water interface. This type of core is useful for determining sediment accumulation rates.

core Mackereth
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: The Mackereth is a complex coring system utilizing compressed gas to penetrate and recover single-drive moderate (up to 12 m) cores from lakes of diverse depths. Mackereth cores can be deployed on virutally any small craft and and can be used in water depths up to 80 m.

core piston
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: Uses a piston to drive the core barrel. High quality long cores.

core press
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: water sampling
definition: Pore water is extracted from core material under pressure.

core push
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: A pipe that is pushed into the sediment to gain a core that is no longer than 2m long. Can be used in up to 5m of water. Core pipe has a valve on top that is used to create a vacuum at the top of the core when pulling the core out of the sediment.

core ROV
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: core drilling
definition: A core drilled from a remotely operated vehicle

core sonic
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: core vibro
definition: Similar to the vibro-core technique, the drill stem and barrel are vibrated vertically at frequencies between 50Hz and 180Hz such that the sampler barrel advances by slicing through the regolith.

core spike
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: A core of surficial material taken by driving a spike into the ground.

core vibro
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: http://www.pvltech.com
alternative label: vibracore
alternative label: vibrocore
broader: drilling
definition: A core tube is attached to a source of mechanical vibration (the power head) and lowered into sediment. The vibrations provide energy for rearranging the particles within the sediment in such a way that the coretube penetrates under the static weight of the vibracoring apparatus. Samples include stiff and stony clays, soft rock and sands, and saturated sediments which can not be sampled using gravity or piston corers. Also know as VIBRA.

current meter
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: A mooring deployed on the seabed for a finite time during a marine survey to measure sea-levels and current velocities near to the seafloor. Moorings may contain a suite of instruments measuring other parameters.
top concept of: Sampling Method

dredge diamantina
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: dredge
definition: Used as a spot dredge to quickly ascertain sea bed geology. Samples give the seabed character unless it is deep when any mud is washed out during retrieval. In shallow water this dredge will return rock, mud, benthic samples and any thing else that is on the bottom.

dredge
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: marine survey sampling
definition: Sampling of either benthic or pelagic material using a dredge method.
narrower: dredge benthic
narrower: dredge chain bag
narrower: dredge diamantina
narrower: epibenthic sled
narrower: dredge pipe

drilling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Sampling by a hole drilled into the Earth by any method
narrower: auger
narrower: core air
narrower: core box
narrower: core conventional
narrower: core diamond
narrower: core drilling
narrower: core geoprobe
narrower: core gravity
narrower: core Kasten
narrower: core Mackereth
narrower: core piston
narrower: core push
narrower: core ROV
narrower: core sonic
narrower: core spike
narrower: core vibro
narrower: percussion drilling
narrower: reverse circulation drilling
narrower: rotary drilling
narrower: sidewall core
top concept of: Sampling Method

electric submersible pump
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
broader: water pump
definition: Water is collected by pumping using an electric submersible pump

epibenthic sled
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
alternative label: sled benthic
broader: dredge
definition: A method designed to collect benthic and benthopelagic faunas from the deep sea. The sled is made from a steel frame consisting of two skids and stabilizing planes to keep it from sinking too deep into the mud.
narrower: plantobenthic sampler

field mapping survey
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: A mapping survey undertaken in a land environment. May include observations and/or sampling.
top concept of: Sampling Method

filtered dust collector
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Sample of fine-grained solid material that is actively collected from the atmosphere by pumping and filtration.
top concept of: Sampling Method

filtration
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Separation of undissolved sediment and biological particles collected from a water column by filtration. For total dissolved solids measurements the sample is filtered through a glass fibre filter under controlled conditions. The type of filter is dependent on the method used and the purpose of the determination.
top concept of: Sampling Method

water body bottom grab
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
comment: renamed from grab SMR 2024-09-11
broader: marine survey sampling
definition: Specimens gathered from the bed of a water body by a mechanical grab primarily for lithogical and petrographical analyses.
narrower: grab Eckman
narrower: grab ROV
narrower: grab Shipek
narrower: grab Smith Mcintyre
narrower: grab Van Veen
preferred label: grab

grab Eckman
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: water body bottom grab
definition: The Eckman Bottom Grab sampler is designed for sampling in soft bottomed lakes and rivers composed of muck, mud or fine peat

grab ROV
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: water body bottom grab
definition: A grad sampling method mounted on a remotely operated vehicle.

grab Shipek
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: water body bottom grab
definition: Near surface unconsolidated marine sediment sample taken using the Shipek Method.

grab Smith Mcintyre
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: water body bottom grab
definition: Near surface sediment grab sample. Sample has a surface area of 0.1m2. It is useful for quantitative macrobenthos sampling in either shallow or deep water.

grab Van Veen
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: water body bottom grab
definition: Quantitative sample of the sediment. Van Veen grab has long arms for levering the clam shell scoop.

grainsize separation
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
alternative label: seive
definition: Separation of various size fractions of mineral or rock particles from the original specimen. For example, by using a seive.
top concept of: Sampling Method

helical coil pump
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
broader: water pump
definition: Water is collected by pumping using a helical coil pump

in situ grab sampler
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: bailer
broader: borehole fluid sampling
definition: A point souce bailer that has a check valve at each end of the bailer allowing sample collection from a discrete depth

jet pump
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
broader: water pump
definition: Water is collected by pumping using a jet pump

liquid-gas separation
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
definition: Separation of natural gas from a liquid phase at a surface separator.

low flow pump
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
broader: water pump
definition: Groundwater sample collected while flow is low

marine survey
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: A mapping survey undertaken in a marine environment. May include observations and/or sampling.
top concept of: Sampling Method

marine survey sampling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Collection of materials from a marine or coastal survey by any method.
narrower: dredge
narrower: water body bottom grab
top concept of: Sampling Method

Niskin Bottle
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: water sampling
definition: Surface water/seawater collection. A device for collection of water samples from a specific depth in the water column.

outcrop sampling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: surface material sampling
definition: Collection of material from a rock outcrop or subcrop at the ground surface, typically using a hammer, or feathers and wedges.

percussion drilling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: Rock or sediment chips or fragments derived from a percussion (hammer) method.
narrower: cable tool drilling
narrower: RAB drilling
narrower: rotary hammer drilling

dredge pipe
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: dredge
definition: Sampling of small fragments and mud from the sea floor, using a metal pipe linked to the tow cable. Total weight of the dredge is around 25kg.

pit or trench sampling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
alternative label: costean
broader: surface material sampling
definition: Collection of materials, typically regolith, near the ground surface from a pit, trench, or costean dug by spade or other mechanical means (not drilling).

plantobenthic sampler
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
alternative label: Mounted Assembly for Planktobenthic Sampling (MAPS)
broader: epibenthic sled
definition: Mounted Assembly for Planktobenthic Sampling (MAPS) - a trilayered net with a seafloor-triggered opening and closing mechanism attached to an epibenthic sled

pump jack
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
broader: water pump
definition: Water is collected by pumping using a pump jack

RAB drilling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: http://www.foragefte.com; http://www.masterdrilling.com
alternative label: rotary air blast drilling
broader: percussion drilling
definition: RAB, rotary air blast, or Down-the-hole drilling. Rock or sediment chips or fragments are derived from a percussion drilling method where the cuttings are blown up the outside of the rods and collected at surface, using air or a combination of air and foam lift the cuttings.

rain gauge
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: water sampling
definition: Rainwater is collected using an approved rain gauge/collector method.

reverse circulation drilling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: National Groundwater Information System (NGIS)
alternative label: RC
broader: drilling
definition: A drilling technique similar to rotary drilling except that drilling fluid flow down the annular space between the drilling stem and the wall of the hole forcing cuttings up through the inside of the drill stem .

rotary drilling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: National Groundwater Information System (NGIS)
broader: drilling
definition: A drilling method using a drill stem equipped with a bit that is rotated to cut and grind the rock with a fluid pumped down the stem to force cuttings up through the annular space between the stem and the wall of the hole

rotary hammer drilling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: National Groundwater Information System (NGIS)
alternative label: hammer drilling
broader: percussion drilling
definition: A percussion drilling method using a cutting tool powered by compressed air that creates a rapid percussion effect coupled with rotary action to drill hard rocks.

sediment trap
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Sediment traps are containers placed in the water column to collect particles falling toward the sea floor. The traps collect tiny sediment or larger accumulations called marine snow - made up of organic matter, dead sea creatures, tiny shells, dust and minerals.
top concept of: Sampling Method

sidewall core
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: drilling
definition: A method to extract core or plug from the sidewall of a borehole.
narrower: sidewall core, bullet
narrower: sidewall core, mechanical

sidewall core, bullet
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: sidewall core
definition: Percussion cores are taken by firing hollow bullets into the formation. The bullets are attached to the tool by fasteners, and are retrieved, along with the core inside, by pulling up the tool and the fasteners. Percussion coring tools typically hold 20 to 30 bullets, but two or three tools can be combined on one run in the hole.

sidewall core, mechanical
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: sidewall core
definition: Mechanical tools use hollow rotary drills to cut and then pull out core plugs. Up to 75 plugs can be recovered on one run. With full recovery, cores from typical percussion tools are 1 in. [2.5 cm] in diameter by 1 3/4 in. [4.4 cm] long, while those from mechanical tools are 0.91 in. [2.3 cm] in diameter by 2 in. [5 cm] long. The latter are also known as rotary sidewall cores.

sonde
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
alternative label: probe
definition: A sonde (French for probe) is a water quality monitoring instrument, that may be stationary or may move up and down a water column, measuring, but not limited to, the following water attributes; temperature, conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, light, flourescence and depth. This includes CTDs, light meters or any other probes. They may be lowered through the water column by hand, or mechanically (e.g. by a winch), and measurements can be taken continuously or at discrete depth intervals. The probes may be attached to a frame (e.g. a CTD frame) with other instruments (e.g. niskin bottles, cameras), or they may be stand-alone probes attached to a meter by a cable.
top concept of: Sampling Method

surface material sampling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Collection of earth materials at the ground surface on land.
narrower: outcrop sampling
narrower: pit or trench sampling
top concept of: Sampling Method

undergound mine sampling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Collection of material from a rock outcrop exposed beneath the ground surface (eg, a mine), typically using a hammer.
top concept of: Sampling Method

unknown
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
definition: The sampling method is unknown.
top concept of: Sampling Method

water pump
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
broader: water sampling
definition: Water is collected by pumping
narrower: electric submersible pump
narrower: helical coil pump
narrower: jet pump
narrower: low flow pump
narrower: pump jack
narrower: windmill

water sampling
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
definition: Any method used to sample water.
narrower: airlift
narrower: artesian flow
narrower: bailer
narrower: core press
narrower: Niskin Bottle
narrower: rain gauge
narrower: water pump
top concept of: Sampling Method

windmill
type: Concept
created: 2018-01-30T23:26:29Z
creator: GA_Sedgmen.Lara_Admin
source: Geoscience Australia
broader: borehole fluid sampling
broader: water pump
definition: Water is collected by pumping from a water bore using a windmill