Christoph Schweizer (Fraunhofer IWM) Philipp von Hartrott (Fraunhofer IWM) 1. Kontakt: Christoph Schweizer Fraunhofer-Institut für Werkstoffmechanik IWM Wöhlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg christoph.schweizer@iwm.fraunhofer.de Christoph Schweizer (Fraunhofer IWM) Simon Stier (Fraunhofer ISC) Contact: Martin Huschka Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics , Ernst-Mach-Institut, EMI Ernst-Zermelo-Strasse 4, 79104 Freiburg , Germany Martin.Huschka@EMI.Fraunhofer.de Kontakt: Philipp von Hartrott Fraunhofer-Institut für Werkstoffmechanik IWM Wöhlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg philipp.von.hartrott@iwm.fraunhofer.de v1.0.6 (2022-10-11): Updated BWMD_mid IRI for import v1.0.5 (2021-11-11): StrainAtUTS added as subclass of StrainRelatedQuantity. Changes performed by Elena G Trelles (Fraunhofer IWM). v1.0.4 (2021-03-11): Subclasses of "Identifier" contained in the "domain" module were transfer to the mid-level module with updated IRIs. Changes performed by Elena G Trelles (Fraunhofer IWM). v1.0.3 (2020-12-04): Annotations added to every entity by Christoph Schweizer. v1.0.2 (2020-11-02): Object and Data Properties that allready exist in the mid-level module were deleted from the domain module. v1.0.1 (2020-10-20): Basic activities performed: All datatypes of labels were changed from xsd:string to xml:lang='en'. Language tag of the annotation properties "author" and "curator" were adapted to 'en'. Curator 'Simon Stier' added. v1.0.0 (2020-10-12): The BWMD-Ontology was curated within the DMD4F-project. It was divided into two modules: 'mid' and 'domain'. The ontology IRI was changed and the IRI-naming convention was altered in order to incorporate iterative IDs, the former entity-IRI now is the 'label'. Curation performed by Martin Huschka, Philipp von Hartrott and Simon Stier. This is the domain module of the BWMD_ontology. Martin Huschka (Fraunhofer EMI) v1.0.6 The proof stress at 0.3% plastic strain Rp03 The yield or proof stress for monotonic and cyclic loading YieldStress The full name of a (research) project ProjectFullName Any kind of pipe (finished or semifinished product) Pipe The proof stress at 0.2% plastic strain Rp02 A personal computer of type desktop Desktop Any kind of IT specific infrastructure equipment such as desktops, laptops, server... ITEquipment The reduction of area at fracture after a tensile test ReductionOfAreaAtFracture Any kind of light fixture used within a microscopy process LightFixture Microscope related accessory (e.g. light fixture, object lenses...) MicroscopeAccessory An average value of several Brinell hardness measurements AverageHardnessBrinell Hardness according to Brinell HardnessBrinell Some kind of component test applying a tensile load ComponentTestTensileLoading Some kind of component test ComponentTest The proof stress at 0.1% plastic strain Rp01 Displacement as is measured by an extensometer ExtensometerDisplacementAsIs Any kind of displacement related to an extensometer ExtensometerDisplacement Characteristic length of the discretization in a finite difference code for cast simulations (e.g. Flow3D) CellSizeDiscretization Simulation specific quantities SimulationQuantity Any kind of nickel based superalloy, which typically exhibits excellent high temperature properties through high phase fractions of the intermetallic gamma' or gamma'' phase. For an additional description see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superalloy. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superalloy NickelBasedSuperalloy Any kind of nickel based alloy NickelAlloy A quenching process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Quenching Any kind of heat treatment process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 HeatTreatment A metallographic grinding and polishing process process GrindingAndPolishing A metallographic preparation process MetallographicPreparation Any kind of magnesium based material (high purity or alloy) MagnesiumMaterial Any kind of nonferrous metallic material as aluminium, copper, nickel, magnesium, titanium etc. NonFerrousMaterial The decimal separator symbol is a comma DecimalSeparatorComma A symbol for the decimal separator DecimalSeparator The radius at the edge of a turning tool TurningToolRadius The process of heating a specimen SpecimenHeating The process of heating any kind of object Heating Any kind of hardness testing equipment/machine (e.g. Brinell, Vickers, Rockwell) HardnessTestingEquipment Any kind of measurement equipment MeasurementEquipment A turning process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Turning Any kind of machining with geometrically determined edge process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 MachiningWithGeometricallyDeterminedEdge The process of importing CAM data and mounting a machine ImportCAMDataAndMountMachine Preparation process of some kind of machine MachinePreparation Any kind of scanning electron microscope ScanningElectronMicroscope Microscope related equipment as microscopes and accessories MicroscopeEquipment An EBSD (electron backscatter diffraction) detector for the SEM EBSDDetector A transmission electron microscopy analysis TransmissionElectronMicroscopy Any kind of microscopy process Microscopy Any kind of compressed air connection CompressedAirConnection Any kind of laboratory specific infrastructure equipment such as compress air connections, cooler, cooling water connections, electrical connections etc. LabInfrastructureEquipment The short name or acronyme for a research project ProjectShortName A vat polymerization process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 VatPolymerization Any kind of additive manufacturing process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 AdditiveManufacturing Any kind of (manufacturing) process related quantity ProcessQuantity The material surface temperature as is in the middle of the gauge length MaterialSurfaceTemperatureAsIsMiddle The measured surface temperature of a material as is MaterialSurfaceTemperatureAsIs The pore volume within a volume of interest PoreVolume The feret diameter of a precipitate PrecipitateFeretDiameter Any kind of process ID for an individual process ProcessID Any kind of furnace to heat materials (testing, heat treatment...) Furnace Any kind of equipment that is used for heating of components, test pieces, specimens such as furnaces and induction heating systems. HeatingEquipment Any kind of induction heating system to heat components, test pieces and specimens within a characterization process InductionHeatingSystem The poisson's ratio as described within https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson%27s_ratio https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson%27s_ratio PoissonRatio The elastic constants as described within https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic_modulus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic_modulus ElasticConstant Any kind of aluminium alloy AluminiumAlloy Any kind of aluminium material (e.g. an alloy or high purity aluminium) AluminiumMaterial Any kind of camera equipment CameraEquipment The process of removing any kind of object from a machine. RemoveObjectFromMachine Any kind of decarburization process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Decarburization Equipment used for nondestructive testing NonDestructiveTestingEquipment A direct energy deposition process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 DirectEnergyDeposition Superimposed vibration during the casting process SuperimposedVibration Casting related subprocesses, that are not described within PrimaryShapingOfLiquidState (e.g. the act of melting, the act of casting the melt into the mold...) CastingRelatedSubprocess Applied pressure during the casting process CastingPressure Any kind of casting process related quantity CastingQuantity A tank filled with liquid nitrogen (e.g. used at a scanning electron microscope) LiquidNitrogenTank Any kind of inclusion within a material Inclusion A cathode installed within the SEM SEMCathode Any kind of (liquid) solution, that is the result of a chemical (in the technical sense) process ChemicalSolution Any kind of (liquid) solution Solution A laser flash analysis LaserFlashAnalysis Any kind of thermophysical experiment to determine thermophysical properties ThermophysicalExperiment Material properties used within a power-law hardening material law (e.g. hardening exponent) PowerLawHardeningQuantity A thermomechanical treatment process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 ThermomechanicalTreatment Any kind of treating process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Treating A dilatometry process Dilatometry Any kind of optical strain measurement system (e.g. Aramis) OpticalStrainMeasurementSystem Percentage plastic extension at maximum force. PercentagePlasticExtensionAtMaximumForce Any kind of quantity that is of quantity kind strain StrainRelatedQuantity Any kind of creep test CreepTest Any kind of mechanical experiment MechanicalExperiment A metallographic polishing process Polishing Wire eroding (cutting) process DIN 8580 WireEroding A separating process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Separating A specific fracture mechanics specimen of type compact tension specimen CompactTensionSpecimen Any kind of specimen or test piece used for fracture mechanics testing FractureMechanicsSpecimen A personal computer of type laptop Laptop Any kind of high voltage current connection as part of the infrastructure of a building HighVoltageCurrentConnection Any kind of electrical connection as part of the infrastructure of a building ElectricalConnection Any kind of fracture mechanics test (e.g. fatigue crack growth, fracture toughness test...) FractureMechanicsTest A notch in a technological product. Notch Heat transfer coefficient between solidified metal and atmosphere HeatTransferCoefficientSolidifiedMetalAndMold Specific heat transfer coefficients HeatTransferCoefficientRelatedQuantity A (typically) semifinished product of type bar Bar The length of a specimen SpecimenLength The process of executing any kind of test TestExecution The process of executing any kind of process ProcessExecution The first name of a person PersonFirstName An indentation process according to Vickers VickersIndentation Any kind of indentation test Indentation Any kind of notched fatigue testing specimen NotchedFatigueTestSpecimen Any kind of specimen or test piece used for fatigue testing FatigueTestSpecimen A heating furnace, that is integrated in the casting machine IntegratedHeatingFurnace Casting related equipment CastingEquipment The solution heat treatment temperature as supposed SolutionAnnealingTemperatureAsSupposed The temperature at which the solution annealing process is performed SolutionAnnealingTemperature Young's modulus as described within https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young%27s_modulus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young%27s_modulus YoungsModulus The temperature of the crucible as supposed during the casting process CrucibleTemperatureAsSupposed The distance between (two) precipitates PrecipitateDistance Electric current applied during a wire eroding process ElectricCurrentErodingWire An inlens secondary electron detector for the SEM InlensSecondaryElectronDetector Any kind of equipment within a mechanical workshop MechanicalWorkshopEquipment A casting simulation CastingSimulation A magnetization process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Magnetization Any kind of server to store data, perform calculations etc. Server Order ID belonging to a process OrderID The cross section area of a specimen after fracture SpecimenCrossSectionAreaAtFracture The cross section area of a specimen SpecimenCrossSectionArea The delimiter symbol between columns Delimiter The duration of the artificial aging process ArtificialAgingDuration The tensor component of the strain rate pointing in loading StrainRateInLoadingDirection The time derivate of the strain StrainRate Temperature of the melting during casting as supposed???? CastingTemperatureAsSupposed Specification of the analysed chemical elements in a LIBS (laser induced plasma spectroscopy) process. SpecificationOfAnalysedChemicalElementsInLIBSProcess Some kind of spectroscopy (interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation) process Spectroscopy A sheet lamination process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 SheetLamination X coordinate of cartesian coordinate system XCoordinate Y coordinate of cartesian coordinate system YCoordinate Any kind of casting machine, which is melting a raw material and creates a cast part as output of the corresponding casting process CastingMachine The act of melting a solid state material within a casting process Melting permanent elongation of the gauge length after fracture, (Lu − Lo), expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length PercentageElongationAfterFracture Any kind of computer tomograph ComputerTomograph A wall to protect humans from radiation, e.g. x-ray RadiationProtectedWall Displacement as supposed used as input signal to control an extensometer ExtensometerDisplacementAsSupposed Any kind of copper based metallic material (high purity or alloy) CopperMaterial The displacement of the machine crosshead after fracture CrossheadDisplacementAfterFracture Any kind of mechanical testing related quantities MechanicalTestingRelatedQuantity A line detector, e.g. used in a computer tomograph LineDetector A digital camera used within a process setup DigitalCamera Diameter of an eroding wire ErodingWireDiameter A tensile testing machine to characterize tensile mechanical properties of materials with an electromechanical actuator TensileTestingMachine A testing machine to characterize mechanical properties of materials with an electromechanical actuator ElectromechanicalTestingMachine Time duration until the start of the casting process since the mold has been positioned TimeToCastingAfterMoldPositioning A selective heat treatment process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 SelectiveHeatTreatment Any kind of metallic material MetallicMaterial Any kind of instrastructure equpiment, i.e. that is part of the infrastructure of a company, institute etc. InfrastructureEquipment Any kind of phase (martensite, ferrite, austenite...) Phase The URL pointing to a folder in a file system URLToFolder Any kind of uniform resource locator (URL) as described by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL URL A temperature measured by a thermocouple (in the mold or in the melt) TemperatureMeasuredByThermocouple A laser induced plasma spectroscopy process: Minimal invasive process to measure the chemical composition on the material surface (or in a small volume) in high speed. LaserInducedPlasmaSpectroscopy The delimiter symbol is a comma CommaDelimiter A selective heat sintering process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 SelectiveHeatSintering A powder bed fusion process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 PowderBedFusion A round blank (a cylinder shaped object with height typically smaller than diameter) RoundBlank A quasi static tensile test at sufficiently low strain rate QuasiStaticTensileTest A uniaxial tensile test TensileTest The force acting in loading direction within a mechanical test ForceInLoadingDirection Any kind of quantity that is of quantity kind force ForceRelatedQuantity Suspension used during grinding or polishing of metallographic specimens (e.g. diamond suspension) GrindingAndPolishingSuspension A gravity casting process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 GravityCasting Any kind of primary shaping from liquid state process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 PrimaryShapingFromLiquidState Original cross-sectional area of the parallel length (e.g. according to DIN ISO 6892-1:2017-02) OriginalCrossSectionalAreaOfTheParallelLength A rolling process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Rolling Any kind of compression forming process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 CompressionForming Z coordinate of cartesian coordinate system ZCoordinate A hardening exponent used within a power-law hardening material law HardeningExponent The diameter of a Brinell indenter DiameterBrinellIndenter Initial mold temperature in e.g. a casting simulation InitialMoldTemperatureInSimulation A fatigue specimen, that is used within an LCF test. The specimen should be optimized with regard to kinking at high applied loadings. LCFSpecimen A binder jetting process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 BinderJetting A specific specimen or test piece used for tensile testing TensileTestSpecimen The diameter of a specimen at the point of fracture SpecimenDiameterAtFracture Any kind of fatigue specimen with a cylindrical shape within the gauge length CylindricalFatigueTestSpecimen An optically measured displacement as is e.g. by using digital image correlation OpticalDisplacementAsIs Solution annealing is used to homogenize the material. The temperature is sufficiently high to deliberately dissolve certain phases (e.g. gamma' in superalloys) SolutionAnnealing Any kind of annealing process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Annealing An investment casting process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 InvestmentCasting A electron beam melting process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 ElectronBeamMelting The process of removing a test piece from a testing machine RemovalOfTestPieceFromTestingMachine A metallographic grinding process Grinding Any kind of primary shaping process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 PrimaryShaping The process of cooling any kind of object Cooling Some kind of component test applying a compressive load ComponentTestCompressiveLoading Density as is DensityAsIs Quantity of Quantity kind density DensityRelatedQuantity Any kind of cast iron material as described by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast_iron https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast_iron CastIronMaterial Any kind of ferrous (metallic) material, where iron is the base element FerrousMaterial Any kind of nickel based material (high purity or alloy) NickelMaterial An image generation process, e.g. during tomography ImageGeneration Any kind of zinc material (high purity or alloy) ZincMaterial The crack path (e.g. intergranular or transgranular) CrackPath A testing machine to characterize mechanical properties of materials with a servohydraulic actuator ServohydraulicTestingMachine A testing machine to characterize mechanical propteries of materials TestingMachine Any kind of heat treatment related quantity HeatTreatmentQuantity A nondestructive testing process NonDestructiveTesting The process of marking and labeling any kind of blank according to some kind of withdrawal plan MarkAndLabelBlankAccordingToWithdrawalPlan Any kind of specimen preparation process SpecimenPreparation Process of embedding a metallographic specimen in e.g. bakelite resin or epoxy resin EmbeddingMetallographicSpecimen The grain structure in the sense of a fiat object part (no sharp physical boundary) GrainStructure Grinding and polishing equipment (e.g. used for metallographic specimen preparation) GrindingAndPolishingEquipment Equipment used within metallographic processes (e.g. polishing, grinding, embedding...) MetallographicEquipment The width of a (rectangular) specimen SpecimenWidth Any kind of cooler (e.g. to cool water) Cooler Applied indentation force within the Brinell indentation process IndentationForceBrinell The artificial aging temperature as supposed ArtificialAgingTemperatureAsSupposed The temperature controlled during artificial aging ArtificialAgingTemperature Any kind of steel material as described by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel SteelMaterial A preliminary applied stress, e.g. in a tensile test to ensure the alignment of the test piece and the grip system. PreliminaryStress Any kind of quantity of quantity kind stress/pressure StressRelatedQuantity The gauge length of a specimen GaugeLength A shear forming process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 ShearForming Any kind of reshaping process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Reshaping Displacement of the crosshead, e.g. in a tensile test CrossheadDisplacement A material jetting process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 MaterialJetting The transition radius between the grip length and the gauge length TransitionRadius A shrinkage pore ShrinkagePore Any kind of pore (gas pore, shrinkage pore...) Pore The maximum tensile strength (maximum stress value when plotting engineering stress vs. engineering strain) MaximumTensileStrength Any kind of nonmetallic inclusion within a metallic material NonMetallicInclusion An inert gas atmosphere in some kind of chamber, which is used within a process InertGasAtmosphere Metallographic polishing procedure MetallographicPolishingProcedure A measurement system for the laser induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS) process LIBSMeasurementSystem A specific fracture mechanics specimen of type corner crack specimen CornerCrackSpecimen Any kind of cooling water connection as part of the infrastucture of a building CoolingWaterConnection The process of generating an input file for a simulation InputFileGeneration Any kind of sheet, typically a semifinished product Sheet A grating process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Grating Any kind of specimen ID SpecimenID Any kind of identifier for object ObjectID The duration of the artificial aging process as supposed. ArtificialAgingDurationAsSupposed A material extrusion process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 MaterialExtrusion Edge length of a voxel VoxelEdgeLength Quantities related to nondestructive testing processes NonDestructiveTestingRelatedQuantity A specific fracture mechanics specimen of type single edge notch tension specimen SingleEdgeNotchTensionSpecimen Time duration between a fully liquid material state and a fully solidified material state during cooling. SolidificationDuration The dendrite arm spacing determined from a metallographic microsection DendriteArmSpacing The duration of the solution annealing process, i.e. of the time spent at the solution annealing temperature SolutionAnnealingDuration A sandforming process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Sandforming Any kind of primary shaping process from granular or powdery state as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 PrimaryShapingfromGranularOrPowerderyState The shear modulus as described within https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_modulus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_modulus ShearModulus An area detector, e.g. used in a computer tomograph AreaDetector Time duration during a casting process until the induction heating system is switched off since the start of the casting process TimeToInductionSwitchOff The permanent mold, into which the melt is casted. Permanent refers to the fact, that the mold is used several times (in industrie ca. 100,000 times) PermanentMold The grain size GrainSize A drilled hole in a technological product. DrilledHole Any kind of grip system to clamp or fix specimens and test pieces GripSystem Object lens of a light microscope ObjectLens A low cycle fatigue test LowCycleFatigueTest Any kind of fatigue test FatigueTest The diameter of a specimen in the gauge length SpecimenDiameter Object resulting from a casting process CastPart A thermal spraying process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 ThermalSpraying The edge length of a notch NotchEdgeLength A fatigue crack propagation test FatigueCrackPropagationTest Any kind of hardness according to Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers etc. as described by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indentation_hardness https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indentation_hardness Hardness A furnace used for the heat treatment of objects HeatTreatmentFurnace The number of cycles of a fatigue test or some other kind of periodic mechanical test NumberOfCycles A specific temperature stable grip system, that is made to test specimens or test pieces within a furnace FurnaceGripSystem Any kind of coating process Coating A multiplication factor (unitless), that determines the volume during solidification in Flow3D ShrinkageAdjustment Depth of cut is a process quantity for a turning process characterizing the depth of the machined cut. DepthOfCut Local process time. Local refers to the local machine time or to a reference time at the start of the process. LocalProcessTime An extruding process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Extruding Same as engineering stress TechnicalStress A centrifugal casting process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 CentrifugalCasting A relaxation test. Typically the strain is kept constant and the stress can relax at sufficiently high material temperature. RelaxationTest Camera to measure the surface temperature of objects ThermoCamera The thickness of a (rectangular) specimen SpecimenThickness Heat transfer coefficient between melt and mold HeatTransferCoefficientMeltAndMold The duration of the solution annealing process as supposed. SolutionAnnealingDurationAsSupposed A (typically) semifinished product of type block Block The middle name of a person PersonMiddleName A continuous casting process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 ContinuousCasting Any kind of tin material (high purity or alloy) TinMaterial An inlens selected backscatter detector for the SEM InlensEnergySelectedBackscatterDetector Any kind of powder (e.g. used for additive manufacturing, sintering...) Powder Duration of the application of the indentation force during Brinell testing IndentationDurationBrinell Temperature of the melting at the moment the casting process starts (as is) CastingTemperatureAsIs The engineering strain in loading direction (e.g. in a uniaxial tensile test) EngineeringStrainInLoadingDirection The engineering strain EngineeringStrain Light microscope LightMicroscope Any kind of normalization heat treatment process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 NormalizationHeatTreatment The decimal separator symbol is a dot DecimalSeparatorDot The time since the start of any kind of test TestingTime The heat affected zone in the sense of a fiat object part (no sharp physical boundary) HeatAffectedZone A simulation using the software MatCalc MatCalcSimulation The name of a Microsoft Excel sheet ExcelSheetName The average grain size (typically determined from a microsection) AverageGrainSize Three dimensional x-ray computer tomography ThreeDimensionalXRayComputerTomography Permanent ID for microsections at the Fraunhofer IWM IWMMicrosectionID A high cycle fatigue test HighCycleFatigueTest A growing crystals process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 GrowingCrystals Any kind of load cell to measure forces LoadCell A cleaning process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Cleaning The tool used to machine the object within a turning process TurningTool A calorimetry process Calorimetry An indentation process according to Brinell BrinellIndentation The number of header lines (with metadata) in a table before the column values start NumberOfHeaderLinesInTable A high purity nickel material HighPurityNickelMaterial Any kind of equipment featuring an actuator as described by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuator https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuator ActuatorEquipment Gleichmaßdehnung The strain at maximum tensile strength UniformElongation A tomography process Tomography (Thermo)Physical quantities PhysicalQuantity A specific indenter for Brinell testing BrinellIndenter Any kind of stress relieving heat treatment process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 StressRelievingHeatTreatment The process of removing a specimen from a testing machine RemovalOfSpecimenFromTestingMachine The act of separating the cast part from the mold. SeparatingCastPartFromMold A drilling process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Drilling A thermomechanical fatigue test ThermomechanicalFatigueTest The short name for persons working at the Fraunhofer IWM IWMPersonShortName A turning machine to perform a turning process TurningMachine The true strain TrueStress The process of mounting some kind of test piece in a testing machine MountingOfTestPieceInTestingMachine The immaterial defect of type crack Crack The delimiter symbol is a semicolon SemicolonDelimiter A fracture toughness test to determine J_Ic or K_Ic FractureToughnessTest A high purity aluminium material HighPurityAluminiumMaterial A pressing of granules or powder process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 PressingOfGranulesOrPowder A welded connection in the sense of a fiat object part (no sharp physical boundary) WeldedConnection Power of x-ray tube (e.g. in a computer tomograph) PowerXRayTube Time duration to etch a metallographic specimen EtchingDuration Maximum value of the melt temperature measured during a casting process. MaximumMeltTemperatureAsIs The radius of a notch NotchRadius The process of mounting a machine with any kind of object (e.g. a turning machine) MountMachineWithObject The phase fraction of a precipitate type The phase fraction of some kind of precipitate. PrecipitatePhaseFraction Any kind of precipitate, which is either formed during the manufacturing process or during service Precipitate The radius of a precipitate PrecipitateRadius Any kind of inorganic material InorganicMaterial Any kind of non-metallic material (either organic or inorganic) NonMetallicMaterial Permanent and unique ID for specimens at the Fraunhofer IWM IWMLabelsID A sintering process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Sintering A thermocouple is an electrical device consisting of two dissimilar electrical conductors forming an electrical junction. A thermocouple produces a temperature-dependent voltage as a result of the thermoelectric effect, and this voltage can be interpreted to measure temperature. Thermocouples are a widely used type of temperature sensor. ThermocoupleWire Temperature of the mold as is during permanent mold casting MoldTemperatureAsIs A tempering for colors process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 TemperingForColors A tempering process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Tempering Grinding disc/wheel used for metallographic specimen preparation MetallographicGrindingDisc Any kind of extensometer, that is used for measuring or controlling displacements Extensometer Characteristic speed within a turning process to advance the cutting tool FeedSpeed A sawing process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Sawing An x-ray tube, e.g. used in a computer tomograph XRayTube A milling process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Milling A gas pore GasPore Transmission electron microscope TransmissionElectronMicroscope The process of finishing the surface of some kind of object (e.g. polishing, grinding...) SurfaceFinishing Any kind of personal protective equipment PersonalProtectiveEquipment An ingot is often used as raw material for a casting process Ingot The maximum value of a tensile force (e.g. in a tensile test) MaximumTensileForce A scanning electron microscopy analysis ScanningElectronMicroscopy An abrading process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 Abrading An internal ID number of a (research) project (e.g. the Fraunhofer internal project number) ProjectNumber The material surface temperature as is at the bottom of the gauge length MaterialSurfaceTemperatureAsIsBottom The process of analysing the resulting spectra from some kind of spectroscopy process and comparing them to reference spectra (e.g. in a LIBS process) AnalysisOfResultingSpectraAndComparisonWithReferenceSpectra Displacement of the crossheads per time (e.g. in a tensile test) CrossheadSeparationRate Any kind of artificial aging process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 ArtificialAging Heat resistant gloves, e.g. used to remove objects from a heat treatment furnace. HeatResistantGloves A light microscopy analysis LightMicroscopy A direct metal laser sintering process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 DirectMetalLaserSintering Metallographic empbedding compound (e.g. resin) EmbeddingCompound A selective laser melting process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 SelectiveLaserMelting A tension forming process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 TensionForming The material surface temperature as supposed used as input to control the temperature MaterialSurfaceTemperatureAsSupposed The last name or surname of a person PersonLastName A free forging process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 FreeForging A fractographic analysis process, which typically includes other microscopy processes. Fractography Any kind of granulate Granulate The hardness determined by a Vickers indentation process HardnessVickers Permanent mold casting, i.e. a permanent (e.g. copper or steel) mold is used PermanentMoldCasting The secondary dendrite arm spacing determined from a metallographic microsection SecondaryDendriteArmSpacing Thermocouple of type K ThermocoupleWireTypeK Equipment or machine used to embed a metallographic specimen in an embedding compound (e.g. resin) EmbeddingEquipment Any kind of composite material CompositeMaterial The process of mounting a specimen in a testing machine MountingOfSpecimenInTestingMachine A specifically prepared section for metallographic processes MetallographicSection Any kind of specimen or test piece used for metallography MetallographicSpecimen Characteristic velocity of a turning process (circumferential velocity) CircumferentialTurningSpeed Heat transfer coefficient between mold and atmosphere HeatTransferCoefficientMoldAndAtmosphere Same as engineering strain TechnicalStrain A specific tensile test specimen with a cylindrical shape in the gauge length CylindricalTensileTestSpecimen Any kind of grain boundary (in the sense of a defect) GrainBoundary The process of marking the extensometer position on the specimen with a pen MarkingExtensometerPositionOnSpecimenWithPen Etchant, e.g. used to etch metallographic specimens Etchant Machine used for an electric discharge process (e.g. wire eroding) ElectricDischargeMachine The true strain TrueStrain The average value of a series of hardness measurements according to the Vickers indentation process AverageHardnessVickers A preliminary applied force, e.g. in a tensile test to ensure the alignment of the test piece and the grip system. PreliminaryForce Any kind of machining with geometrically undetermined edge process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 MachiningWithGeometricallyUndeterminedEdge Temperature of the mold as supposed during permanent mold casting MoldTemperatureAsSupposed Initial condition for the melt temperature in a casting simulation InitialMeltTemperatureInSimulation The engineering stress component in loading direction (e.g. in a uniaxial tensile test) EngineeringStressInLoadingDirection The engineering stress: Force/OriginalArea EngineeringStress Fume hood to suck off toxic gases in the air, e.g. during etching of metallographic specimens. FumeHood Time duration until the mold chamber is flooded TimeToFloodingOfMoldChamber A selective laser sintering process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 SelectiveLaserSintering The act of casting the melt into the mold. CastingMeltIntoMold The column number within a table ColumnNumber Any kind of organic material OrganicMaterial Etching of metallographic specimens Etching Wire used within a wire eroding process ErodingWire Name of a file FileName The process of cooling a specimen SpecimenCooling Any kind of hardening by cold forming process as defined by DIN 8580 DIN 8580 HardeningByColdForming The material surface temperature as is at the top of the gauge length MaterialSurfaceTemperatureAsIsTop Heat transfer coefficient between melt and atmosphere HeatTransferCoefficientMeltAndAtmosphere density as supposed DensityAsSupposed Any kind of Brinell testing equipment/machine BrinellTestingEquipment Cooling emulsion containing water and oil used for wire eroding CoolingEmulsionWithWaterAndOil The delimiter symbol is a tabulator TabDelimiter The cyclic yield stress defined with reference to the point of load reversal within a loading or unloading branch CyclicYieldStress ID of an ingot (e.g. used as raw material for a casting process) IngotID A geometric measurement process (e.g. to measure the diameter of a specimen) GeometricMeasurement A hot tensile test HotTensileTest Any kind of joining process Joining A specific tensile test specimen with a flat, rectangular shape in the gauge length FlatTensileTestSpecimen Original gauge length of the test piece OriginalGaugeLength A measured material temperature as is MaterialTemperatureAsIs The mean distance between precipitates PrecipitateMeanDistance The notch depth NotchDepth Any kind of grain, which is part of a grain structure of a metallic material Grain