{
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  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "2ac0e74d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Axis Position\n",
    "\n",
    "The `position` parameter in `scale_x_(), scale_y_()` functions controls position of the axis:\n",
    "\n",
    "- 'left', 'right' or 'both' for y-axis;\n",
    "- 'top', 'bottom' or 'both' for x-axis.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "8ab5b1ed",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
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     "shell.execute_reply": "2025-11-05T13:42:43.931586Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "\n",
    "from lets_plot import *"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "b0b9825c",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
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     "shell.execute_reply": "2025-11-05T13:42:43.934552Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "            "
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    "LetsPlot.setup_html()\n",
    "LetsPlot.set_theme(theme_grey())"
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   "id": "5e6d519e",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
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     "shell.execute_reply": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.024635Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>sepal_length</th>\n",
       "      <th>sepal_width</th>\n",
       "      <th>petal_length</th>\n",
       "      <th>petal_width</th>\n",
       "      <th>species</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>5.1</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.4</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.2</td>\n",
       "      <td>setosa</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>4.9</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.4</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.2</td>\n",
       "      <td>setosa</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>4.7</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.2</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.3</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.2</td>\n",
       "      <td>setosa</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   sepal_length  sepal_width  petal_length  petal_width species\n",
       "0           5.1          3.5           1.4          0.2  setosa\n",
       "1           4.9          3.0           1.4          0.2  setosa\n",
       "2           4.7          3.2           1.3          0.2  setosa"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.read_csv('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/JetBrains/lets-plot-docs/master/data/iris.csv')\n",
    "df.head(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "b8877904",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1. Default Axis Position\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "e0859183",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
     "iopub.execute_input": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.026120Z",
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     "iopub.status.idle": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.056262Z",
     "shell.execute_reply": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.055994Z"
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       "\"sepal_length\":[5.1,4.9,4.7,4.6,5.0,5.4,4.6,5.0,4.4,4.9,5.4,4.8,4.8,4.3,5.8,5.7,5.4,5.1,5.7,5.1,5.4,5.1,4.6,5.1,4.8,5.0,5.0,5.2,5.2,4.7,4.8,5.4,5.2,5.5,4.9,5.0,5.5,4.9,4.4,5.1,5.0,4.5,4.4,5.0,5.1,4.8,5.1,4.6,5.3,5.0,7.0,6.4,6.9,5.5,6.5,5.7,6.3,4.9,6.6,5.2,5.0,5.9,6.0,6.1,5.6,6.7,5.6,5.8,6.2,5.6,5.9,6.1,6.3,6.1,6.4,6.6,6.8,6.7,6.0,5.7,5.5,5.5,5.8,6.0,5.4,6.0,6.7,6.3,5.6,5.5,5.5,6.1,5.8,5.0,5.6,5.7,5.7,6.2,5.1,5.7,6.3,5.8,7.1,6.3,6.5,7.6,4.9,7.3,6.7,7.2,6.5,6.4,6.8,5.7,5.8,6.4,6.5,7.7,7.7,6.0,6.9,5.6,7.7,6.3,6.7,7.2,6.2,6.1,6.4,7.2,7.4,7.9,6.4,6.3,6.1,7.7,6.3,6.4,6.0,6.9,6.7,6.9,5.8,6.8,6.7,6.7,6.3,6.5,6.2,5.9],\n",
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       "\"species\":[\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\"]\n",
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       "\"color\":\"species\"\n",
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      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<lets_plot.plot.core.PlotSpec at 0x7af4b11346a0>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "p = (ggplot(df) + geom_point(aes(\"sepal_width\", \"sepal_length\", color=\"species\"), size=5)\n",
    "      + scale_color_brewer(palette=\"Set1\")\n",
    "    )\n",
    "p"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8e816608",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2. `position=\"right\"`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "0202aa5c",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
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     "shell.execute_reply": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.060181Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "\"species\":[\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"setosa\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"versicolor\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\",\"virginica\"]\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"mapping\":{\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"data_meta\":{\n",
       "\"series_annotations\":[{\n",
       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"sepal_length\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"sepal_width\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"petal_length\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"petal_width\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"type\":\"str\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"species\"\n",
       "}]\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"theme\":{\n",
       "\"name\":\"grey\"\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"kind\":\"plot\",\n",
       "\"scales\":[{\n",
       "\"aesthetic\":\"color\",\n",
       "\"palette\":\"Set1\",\n",
       "\"scale_mapper_kind\":\"color_brewer\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"name\":\"Sepal Length\",\n",
       "\"aesthetic\":\"y\",\n",
       "\"position\":\"right\"\n",
       "}],\n",
       "\"layers\":[{\n",
       "\"geom\":\"point\",\n",
       "\"mapping\":{\n",
       "\"x\":\"sepal_width\",\n",
       "\"y\":\"sepal_length\",\n",
       "\"color\":\"species\"\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"data_meta\":{\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"size\":5.0,\n",
       "\"data\":{\n",
       "}\n",
       "}],\n",
       "\"metainfo_list\":[],\n",
       "\"spec_id\":\"2\"\n",
       "};\n",
       "           window.letsPlotCall(function() { fig = LetsPlot.buildPlotFromProcessedSpecs(plotSpec, containerDiv, sizing); });\n",
       "       } else {\n",
       "           fig.updateView({});\n",
       "       }\n",
       "   }\n",
       "   \n",
       "   const renderImmediately = \n",
       "       forceImmediateRender || (\n",
       "           sizing.width_mode === 'FIXED' && \n",
       "           (sizing.height_mode === 'FIXED' || sizing.height_mode === 'SCALED')\n",
       "       );\n",
       "   \n",
       "   if (renderImmediately) {\n",
       "       renderPlot();\n",
       "   }\n",
       "   \n",
       "   if (!renderImmediately || responsive) {\n",
       "       // Set up observer for initial sizing or continuous monitoring\n",
       "       var observer = new ResizeObserver(function(entries) {\n",
       "           for (let entry of entries) {\n",
       "               if (entry.contentBoxSize && \n",
       "                   entry.contentBoxSize[0].inlineSize > 0) {\n",
       "                   if (!responsive && observer) {\n",
       "                       observer.disconnect();\n",
       "                       observer = null;\n",
       "                   }\n",
       "                   renderPlot();\n",
       "                   if (!responsive) {\n",
       "                       break;\n",
       "                   }\n",
       "               }\n",
       "           }\n",
       "       });\n",
       "       \n",
       "       observer.observe(containerDiv);\n",
       "   }\n",
       "   \n",
       "   // ----------\n",
       "   })();\n",
       "   \n",
       "   </script>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<lets_plot.plot.core.PlotSpec at 0x7af4b128db40>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "p + scale_y_continuous(\"Sepal Length\", position=\"right\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "9e01a07b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 3. `position=\"top\"`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "4cc9ecd1",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
     "iopub.execute_input": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.061132Z",
     "iopub.status.busy": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.061062Z",
     "iopub.status.idle": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.064386Z",
     "shell.execute_reply": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.064125Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "   <div id=\"7UXwqu\"></div>\n",
       "   <script type=\"text/javascript\" data-lets-plot-script=\"plot\">\n",
       "   \n",
       "   (function() {\n",
       "   // ----------\n",
       "   \n",
       "   const forceImmediateRender = false;\n",
       "   const responsive = false;\n",
       "   \n",
       "   let sizing = {\n",
       "       width_mode: \"MIN\",\n",
       "       height_mode: \"SCALED\",\n",
       "       width: null, \n",
       "       height: null \n",
       "   };\n",
       "   \n",
       "   const preferredWidth = document.body.dataset.letsPlotPreferredWidth;\n",
       "   if (preferredWidth !== undefined) {\n",
       "       sizing = {\n",
       "           width_mode: 'FIXED',\n",
       "           height_mode: 'SCALED',\n",
       "           width: parseFloat(preferredWidth)\n",
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       "   \n",
       "   const containerDiv = document.getElementById(\"7UXwqu\");\n",
       "   let fig = null;\n",
       "   \n",
       "   function renderPlot() {\n",
       "       if (fig === null) {\n",
       "           const plotSpec = {\n",
       "\"data\":{\n",
       "\"sepal_length\":[5.1,4.9,4.7,4.6,5.0,5.4,4.6,5.0,4.4,4.9,5.4,4.8,4.8,4.3,5.8,5.7,5.4,5.1,5.7,5.1,5.4,5.1,4.6,5.1,4.8,5.0,5.0,5.2,5.2,4.7,4.8,5.4,5.2,5.5,4.9,5.0,5.5,4.9,4.4,5.1,5.0,4.5,4.4,5.0,5.1,4.8,5.1,4.6,5.3,5.0,7.0,6.4,6.9,5.5,6.5,5.7,6.3,4.9,6.6,5.2,5.0,5.9,6.0,6.1,5.6,6.7,5.6,5.8,6.2,5.6,5.9,6.1,6.3,6.1,6.4,6.6,6.8,6.7,6.0,5.7,5.5,5.5,5.8,6.0,5.4,6.0,6.7,6.3,5.6,5.5,5.5,6.1,5.8,5.0,5.6,5.7,5.7,6.2,5.1,5.7,6.3,5.8,7.1,6.3,6.5,7.6,4.9,7.3,6.7,7.2,6.5,6.4,6.8,5.7,5.8,6.4,6.5,7.7,7.7,6.0,6.9,5.6,7.7,6.3,6.7,7.2,6.2,6.1,6.4,7.2,7.4,7.9,6.4,6.3,6.1,7.7,6.3,6.4,6.0,6.9,6.7,6.9,5.8,6.8,6.7,6.7,6.3,6.5,6.2,5.9],\n",
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       "},\n",
       "\"mapping\":{\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"data_meta\":{\n",
       "\"series_annotations\":[{\n",
       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"sepal_length\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"sepal_width\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"petal_length\"\n",
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       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"petal_width\"\n",
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       "\"type\":\"str\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"species\"\n",
       "}]\n",
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       "\"theme\":{\n",
       "\"name\":\"grey\"\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"kind\":\"plot\",\n",
       "\"scales\":[{\n",
       "\"aesthetic\":\"color\",\n",
       "\"palette\":\"Set1\",\n",
       "\"scale_mapper_kind\":\"color_brewer\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"aesthetic\":\"x\",\n",
       "\"position\":\"top\"\n",
       "}],\n",
       "\"layers\":[{\n",
       "\"geom\":\"point\",\n",
       "\"mapping\":{\n",
       "\"x\":\"sepal_width\",\n",
       "\"y\":\"sepal_length\",\n",
       "\"color\":\"species\"\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"data_meta\":{\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"size\":5.0,\n",
       "\"data\":{\n",
       "}\n",
       "}],\n",
       "\"metainfo_list\":[],\n",
       "\"spec_id\":\"3\"\n",
       "};\n",
       "           window.letsPlotCall(function() { fig = LetsPlot.buildPlotFromProcessedSpecs(plotSpec, containerDiv, sizing); });\n",
       "       } else {\n",
       "           fig.updateView({});\n",
       "       }\n",
       "   }\n",
       "   \n",
       "   const renderImmediately = \n",
       "       forceImmediateRender || (\n",
       "           sizing.width_mode === 'FIXED' && \n",
       "           (sizing.height_mode === 'FIXED' || sizing.height_mode === 'SCALED')\n",
       "       );\n",
       "   \n",
       "   if (renderImmediately) {\n",
       "       renderPlot();\n",
       "   }\n",
       "   \n",
       "   if (!renderImmediately || responsive) {\n",
       "       // Set up observer for initial sizing or continuous monitoring\n",
       "       var observer = new ResizeObserver(function(entries) {\n",
       "           for (let entry of entries) {\n",
       "               if (entry.contentBoxSize && \n",
       "                   entry.contentBoxSize[0].inlineSize > 0) {\n",
       "                   if (!responsive && observer) {\n",
       "                       observer.disconnect();\n",
       "                       observer = null;\n",
       "                   }\n",
       "                   renderPlot();\n",
       "                   if (!responsive) {\n",
       "                       break;\n",
       "                   }\n",
       "               }\n",
       "           }\n",
       "       });\n",
       "       \n",
       "       observer.observe(containerDiv);\n",
       "   }\n",
       "   \n",
       "   // ----------\n",
       "   })();\n",
       "   \n",
       "   </script>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<lets_plot.plot.core.PlotSpec at 0x7af4b128d630>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "p + scale_x_continuous(position=\"top\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "11909c79",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 4. `position=\"both\"`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "b6dfc0a2",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
     "iopub.execute_input": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.065086Z",
     "iopub.status.busy": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.065010Z",
     "iopub.status.idle": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.068075Z",
     "shell.execute_reply": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.067905Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "   <div id=\"Js29hB\"></div>\n",
       "   <script type=\"text/javascript\" data-lets-plot-script=\"plot\">\n",
       "   \n",
       "   (function() {\n",
       "   // ----------\n",
       "   \n",
       "   const forceImmediateRender = false;\n",
       "   const responsive = false;\n",
       "   \n",
       "   let sizing = {\n",
       "       width_mode: \"MIN\",\n",
       "       height_mode: \"SCALED\",\n",
       "       width: null, \n",
       "       height: null \n",
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       "   \n",
       "   const preferredWidth = document.body.dataset.letsPlotPreferredWidth;\n",
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       "       sizing = {\n",
       "           width_mode: 'FIXED',\n",
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       "           width: parseFloat(preferredWidth)\n",
       "       };\n",
       "   }\n",
       "   \n",
       "   const containerDiv = document.getElementById(\"Js29hB\");\n",
       "   let fig = null;\n",
       "   \n",
       "   function renderPlot() {\n",
       "       if (fig === null) {\n",
       "           const plotSpec = {\n",
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       "\"column\":\"sepal_length\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"sepal_width\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"petal_length\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"type\":\"float\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"petal_width\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"type\":\"str\",\n",
       "\"column\":\"species\"\n",
       "}]\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"theme\":{\n",
       "\"name\":\"grey\"\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"kind\":\"plot\",\n",
       "\"scales\":[{\n",
       "\"aesthetic\":\"color\",\n",
       "\"palette\":\"Set1\",\n",
       "\"scale_mapper_kind\":\"color_brewer\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"name\":\"Sepal Width\",\n",
       "\"aesthetic\":\"x\",\n",
       "\"position\":\"both\"\n",
       "},{\n",
       "\"name\":\"Sepal Length\",\n",
       "\"aesthetic\":\"y\",\n",
       "\"position\":\"both\"\n",
       "}],\n",
       "\"layers\":[{\n",
       "\"geom\":\"point\",\n",
       "\"mapping\":{\n",
       "\"x\":\"sepal_width\",\n",
       "\"y\":\"sepal_length\",\n",
       "\"color\":\"species\"\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"data_meta\":{\n",
       "},\n",
       "\"size\":5.0,\n",
       "\"data\":{\n",
       "}\n",
       "}],\n",
       "\"metainfo_list\":[],\n",
       "\"spec_id\":\"4\"\n",
       "};\n",
       "           window.letsPlotCall(function() { fig = LetsPlot.buildPlotFromProcessedSpecs(plotSpec, containerDiv, sizing); });\n",
       "       } else {\n",
       "           fig.updateView({});\n",
       "       }\n",
       "   }\n",
       "   \n",
       "   const renderImmediately = \n",
       "       forceImmediateRender || (\n",
       "           sizing.width_mode === 'FIXED' && \n",
       "           (sizing.height_mode === 'FIXED' || sizing.height_mode === 'SCALED')\n",
       "       );\n",
       "   \n",
       "   if (renderImmediately) {\n",
       "       renderPlot();\n",
       "   }\n",
       "   \n",
       "   if (!renderImmediately || responsive) {\n",
       "       // Set up observer for initial sizing or continuous monitoring\n",
       "       var observer = new ResizeObserver(function(entries) {\n",
       "           for (let entry of entries) {\n",
       "               if (entry.contentBoxSize && \n",
       "                   entry.contentBoxSize[0].inlineSize > 0) {\n",
       "                   if (!responsive && observer) {\n",
       "                       observer.disconnect();\n",
       "                       observer = null;\n",
       "                   }\n",
       "                   renderPlot();\n",
       "                   if (!responsive) {\n",
       "                       break;\n",
       "                   }\n",
       "               }\n",
       "           }\n",
       "       });\n",
       "       \n",
       "       observer.observe(containerDiv);\n",
       "   }\n",
       "   \n",
       "   // ----------\n",
       "   })();\n",
       "   \n",
       "   </script>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<lets_plot.plot.core.PlotSpec at 0x7af4a9c66e60>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(p\n",
    " + scale_x_continuous(\"Sepal Width\", position=\"both\")\n",
    " + scale_y_continuous(\"Sepal Length\", position=\"both\")\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "346bad10",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "##### 4.1 Lets use equal units on the X-axis and on the Y-axis."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "a360a62d",
   "metadata": {
    "execution": {
     "iopub.execute_input": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.068698Z",
     "iopub.status.busy": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.068623Z",
     "iopub.status.idle": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.071788Z",
     "shell.execute_reply": "2025-11-05T13:42:44.071617Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
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   "source": [
    "(p\n",
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