{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "e18c42f4",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# geom_pie()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "65348da9",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"A pie chart is a circular statistical graphic, which is divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportion."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "4e5b3651",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"1. [Default presentation](#1.-Default-presentation)\n",
"\n",
" 1.1. [Basic pie chart](#1.1.-Basic-pie-chart)\n",
"\n",
" 1.2. [Improve appearance](#1.2.-Improve-appearance) \n",
"\n",
" 1.3. [Adding labels to pie sectors](#1.3.-Adding-labels-to-pie-sectors) \n",
"\n",
" 1.4. [Use \"count2d\" statistical transformation](#1.4.-Use-\"count2d\"-statistical-transformation)\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"2. [Pie size depending on data](#2.-Pie-size-depending-on-data)\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"3. [Explode](#3.-Explode)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"id": "de93dd34",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.172971Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.172889Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.493361Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.493032Z"
}
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"from lets_plot import *\n",
"from lets_plot.mapping import *"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"id": "53eadd20",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.494821Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.494704Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.496701Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.496529Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
" \n",
" \n",
" "
]
},
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"LetsPlot.setup_html() "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"id": "d5962f75",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.497720Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.497552Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.499241Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.499064Z"
}
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"w,h = 400,250\n",
"\n",
"df = {\n",
" 'name': ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'b'],\n",
" 'value': [40, 90, 10, 50, 20 ],\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"p = ggplot(df) + ggsize(w,h)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "3920b3eb",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## 1. Default presentation"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "131ea087",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 1.1. Basic pie chart"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "b9807822",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Use \"identity\" statistical transformation to leave the data unchanged."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"id": "2a268816",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.500143Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.500069Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.531588Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.531291Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"p + geom_pie(aes(slice='value', fill='name'), stat='identity')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "6b84c618",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 1.2. Improve appearance"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "f35cb83b",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"- add stroke (`stroke` and `stroke_color`)\n",
"- make the pie bigger (`size`)\n",
"- add hole to draw donut-like chart (`hole`)\n",
"- use blank theme (remove axis and grid)\n",
"- use better colors"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 5,
"id": "3c8043b0",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.532880Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.532800Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.535409Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.535235Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"p + \\\n",
" geom_pie(aes(slice='value', fill='name'), stat='identity',\n",
" size = 20, stroke = 1, hole = 0.5) + \\\n",
" theme_void()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "e28a0f21",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 1.3. Adding labels to pie sectors"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "87acfe50",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Let's label the sectors with their names - configure annotations via `layer_labels()` function: "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"id": "7b47b4f5",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.536525Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.536375Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.539142Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.538970Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"p + \\\n",
" geom_pie(aes(slice='value', fill='name'), stat='identity',\n",
" size = 20, stroke = 1, hole = 0.5,\n",
" labels = layer_labels().line('@name').size(16)) + \\\n",
" theme_void() + \\\n",
" theme(legend_position='none')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "dd978c7c",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 1.4. Use \"count2d\" statistical transformation"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "a62041bd",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"`geom_pie()` uses `count2d` stat by default. \n",
"It allows to make a slice sizes proportional to the number of cases in each group (or if the weight aesthetic is supplied, the sum of the weights). Also `count2d` provides variables for proportion ('..prop..') and proportion in percent ('..proppct..'). "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "326a89b9",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Using `layer_tooltips()` prepare the information for tooltips by adding the variables provided by 'count2d':"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
"id": "65efaa35",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.540049Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.539975Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.541441Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.541270Z"
}
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"tooltip_content = (\n",
" layer_tooltips()\n",
" .line('count|@{..count..} (@{..prop..})')\n",
" .line('total|@{..sum..}')\n",
" .format('..prop..', '.0%')\n",
" .format('..count..', '.1f')\n",
" .format('..sum..', '.1f')\n",
")"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "fc18bdaa",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Apply 'count2d' to get slices proportional to the number of cases."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 8,
"id": "8940c835",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.542219Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.542148Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.544839Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.544666Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"execution_count": 8,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"p + \\\n",
" geom_pie(aes(fill='name'),\n",
" size = 20, stroke = 1, hole = 0.5,\n",
" labels = layer_labels().line('@name').size(16), \n",
" tooltips=tooltip_content) + \\\n",
" theme_void() + \\\n",
" theme(legend_position='none')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "e19243d4",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Compute weighted sum instead of simple count with aesthetic `weight`."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 9,
"id": "94aa3ca0",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.545667Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.545590Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.548472Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.548297Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"execution_count": 9,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"p + \\\n",
" geom_pie(aes(fill='name', weight='value'),\n",
" size = 20, stroke = 1, hole = 0.5,\n",
" labels = layer_labels().line('@name').size(16), \n",
" tooltips=tooltip_content) + \\\n",
" theme_void() + \\\n",
" theme(legend_position='none')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "488ca893",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Order sectors by count.\n",
"\n",
"The following ordering rule is used for the pie chart: the first slice goes to the left of 12 o'clock and others go clockwise."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 10,
"id": "7ea44d46",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.549274Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.549202Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.552267Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.552097Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"execution_count": 10,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"p + \\\n",
" geom_pie(aes(fill=as_discrete('name', order_by='..count..'), weight='value'),\n",
" size = 20, stroke = 1, hole = 0.5,\n",
" labels = layer_labels().line('@name').size(16), \n",
" tooltips=tooltip_content) + \\\n",
" theme_void() + \\\n",
" theme(legend_position='none')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "70824928",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## 2. Pie size depending on data"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "4e9515b9",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Make the size of the pie chart dependent on the data: map total count ('..sum..' variable) to the `size`.\n",
"\n",
"Note that it has its own special representation of the size in the legend."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 11,
"id": "ec19f3b0",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.553129Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.553053Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.556327Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.556155Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"execution_count": 11,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df2 = {\n",
" 'x': [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1.5, 1.5, 2, 2, 2 ],\n",
" 'y': [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1.5, 1.5, 1.5],\n",
" 's': [3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 3, 3, 3, 1],\n",
" 'n': ['a', 'b', 'a', 'c', 'a', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'b']\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"ggplot(df2) + \\\n",
" geom_pie(aes('x', 'y', fill='n', weight='s', size='..sum..'), hole=0.3, \n",
" tooltips=tooltip_content) + \\\n",
" xlim(0.5,2.5) + ylim(0.5,2.5) "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "cfd202f6",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Mapping `fill` and `size` to the same variable:"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 12,
"id": "0f5ee99b",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.557131Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.557060Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.559393Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.559223Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"execution_count": 12,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"ggplot({'n': [\"a\", \"b\", \"c\"], 's': [1, 2, 3]}) + \\\n",
" geom_pie(aes(fill='n', slice='s', size='n'), stat=\"identity\") + \\\n",
" theme_void()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "3971f302",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## 3. Explode"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "fd59da1f",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Use values to explode slices away from their center point, detaching it from the main pie."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 13,
"id": "489e92ef",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.560241Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.560169Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.563125Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.562949Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"execution_count": 13,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"length = {\n",
" 'name' : ['20-50 km', '50-75 km', '10-20 km', '75-100 km', '3-5 km', '7-10 km', '5-7 km', '>100 km', '2-3 km'],\n",
" 'count': [1109, 696, 353, 192, 168, 86, 74, 65, 53],\n",
" 'explode': [0, 0, 0, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6]\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"ggplot(length) + \\\n",
" geom_pie(aes(fill='name', slice='count', explode='explode'), stat='identity',\n",
" stroke=1, color='black', size=20) + \\\n",
" theme_void() + \\\n",
" scale_fill_gradient(low='dark_blue', high='light_green')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 14,
"id": "99eeb6ea",
"metadata": {
"execution": {
"iopub.execute_input": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.563894Z",
"iopub.status.busy": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.563821Z",
"iopub.status.idle": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.567183Z",
"shell.execute_reply": "2024-04-17T07:31:10.567005Z"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
" \n",
" "
]
},
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"calories = {\n",
" 'slice': [35, 25, 25, 15],\n",
" 'label': [\"Apples\", \"Bananas\", \"Cherries\", \"Dates\"],\n",
" 'explode': [0.1, 0, 0, 0]\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"p4 = ggplot(calories) + \\\n",
" theme_void() + \\\n",
" ggsize(w, h)\n",
"\n",
"p_pie = p4 + \\\n",
" geom_pie(aes(fill='label', slice='slice', explode='explode'), stat='identity', size=18)\n",
"\n",
"p_donut = p4 + \\\n",
" geom_pie(aes(fill='label', slice='slice', explode='explode'), stat='identity', hole=0.8, size=18)\n",
"\n",
"bunch = GGBunch()\n",
"bunch.add_plot(p_pie + theme(legend_position='none'), 0, 0)\n",
"bunch.add_plot(p_donut, w, 0)\n",
"bunch.show()"
]
}
],
"metadata": {
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
"language": "python",
"name": "python3"
},
"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
"name": "ipython",
"version": 3
},
"file_extension": ".py",
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
"name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.10.13"
}
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"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 5
}