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    "# Milestone Project 2 - Solution Code\n",
    "Below is an implementation of a simple game of Blackjack. Notice the use of OOP and classes for the cards and hands."
   ]
  },
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     "text": [
      "Welcome to BlackJack! Get as close to 21 as you can without going over!\n",
      "    Dealer hits until she reaches 17. Aces count as 1 or 11.\n",
      "How many chips would you like to bet? 50\n",
      "\n",
      "Dealer's Hand:\n",
      " <card hidden>\n",
      " Seven of Diamonds\n",
      "\n",
      "Player's Hand:\n",
      " Jack of Clubs\n",
      " Three of Diamonds\n",
      "Would you like to Hit or Stand? Enter 'h' or 's' h\n",
      "\n",
      "Dealer's Hand:\n",
      " <card hidden>\n",
      " Seven of Diamonds\n",
      "\n",
      "Player's Hand:\n",
      " Jack of Clubs\n",
      " Three of Diamonds\n",
      " Six of Hearts\n",
      "Would you like to Hit or Stand? Enter 'h' or 's' s\n",
      "Player stands. Dealer is playing.\n",
      "\n",
      "Dealer's Hand:\n",
      " <card hidden>\n",
      " Seven of Diamonds\n",
      "\n",
      "Player's Hand:\n",
      " Jack of Clubs\n",
      " Three of Diamonds\n",
      " Six of Hearts\n",
      "\n",
      "Dealer's Hand:\n",
      " Ace of Hearts\n",
      " Seven of Diamonds\n",
      "Dealer's Hand = 18\n",
      "\n",
      "Player's Hand:\n",
      " Jack of Clubs\n",
      " Three of Diamonds\n",
      " Six of Hearts\n",
      "Player's Hand = 19\n",
      "Player wins!\n",
      "\n",
      "Player's winnings stand at 150\n",
      "Would you like to play another hand? Enter 'y' or 'n' n\n",
      "Thanks for playing!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# IMPORT STATEMENTS AND VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:\n",
    "\n",
    "import random\n",
    "\n",
    "suits = ('Hearts', 'Diamonds', 'Spades', 'Clubs')\n",
    "ranks = ('Two', 'Three', 'Four', 'Five', 'Six', 'Seven', 'Eight', 'Nine', 'Ten', 'Jack', 'Queen', 'King', 'Ace')\n",
    "values = {'Two':2, 'Three':3, 'Four':4, 'Five':5, 'Six':6, 'Seven':7, 'Eight':8, \n",
    "            'Nine':9, 'Ten':10, 'Jack':10, 'Queen':10, 'King':10, 'Ace':11}\n",
    "\n",
    "playing = True\n",
    "\n",
    "# CLASS DEFINTIONS:\n",
    "\n",
    "class Card:\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self,suit,rank):\n",
    "        self.suit = suit\n",
    "        self.rank = rank\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def __str__(self):\n",
    "        return self.rank + ' of ' + self.suit\n",
    "    \n",
    "\n",
    "class Deck:\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self):\n",
    "        self.deck = []  # start with an empty list\n",
    "        for suit in suits:\n",
    "            for rank in ranks:\n",
    "                self.deck.append(Card(suit,rank))\n",
    "                \n",
    "    def __str__(self):\n",
    "        deck_comp = ''  # start with an empty string\n",
    "        for card in self.deck:\n",
    "            deck_comp += '\\n '+card.__str__() # add each Card object's print string\n",
    "        return 'The deck has:' + deck_comp\n",
    "                \n",
    "    def shuffle(self):\n",
    "        random.shuffle(self.deck)\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def deal(self):\n",
    "        single_card = self.deck.pop()\n",
    "        return single_card\n",
    "    \n",
    "\n",
    "class Hand:\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self):\n",
    "        self.cards = []  # start with an empty list as we did in the Deck class\n",
    "        self.value = 0   # start with zero value\n",
    "        self.aces = 0    # add an attribute to keep track of aces\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def add_card(self,card):\n",
    "        self.cards.append(card)\n",
    "        self.value += values[card.rank]\n",
    "        if card.rank == 'Ace':\n",
    "            self.aces += 1  # add to self.aces\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def adjust_for_ace(self):\n",
    "        while self.value > 21 and self.aces:\n",
    "            self.value -= 10\n",
    "            self.aces -= 1\n",
    "            \n",
    "\n",
    "class Chips:\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self):\n",
    "        self.total = 100\n",
    "        self.bet = 0\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def win_bet(self):\n",
    "        self.total += self.bet\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def lose_bet(self):\n",
    "        self.total -= self.bet\n",
    "        \n",
    "\n",
    "# FUNCTION DEFINITIONS:\n",
    "\n",
    "def take_bet(chips):\n",
    "\n",
    "    while True:\n",
    "        try:\n",
    "            chips.bet = int(input('How many chips would you like to bet? '))\n",
    "        except ValueError:\n",
    "            print('Sorry, a bet must be an integer!')\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            if chips.bet > chips.total:\n",
    "                print(\"Sorry, your bet can't exceed\",chips.total)\n",
    "            else:\n",
    "                break\n",
    "\n",
    "def hit(deck,hand):\n",
    "    hand.add_card(deck.deal())\n",
    "    hand.adjust_for_ace()\n",
    "    \n",
    "def hit_or_stand(deck,hand):\n",
    "    global playing\n",
    "    \n",
    "    while True:\n",
    "        x = input(\"Would you like to Hit or Stand? Enter 'h' or 's' \")\n",
    "        \n",
    "        if x[0].lower() == 'h':\n",
    "            hit(deck,hand)  # hit() function defined above\n",
    "\n",
    "        elif x[0].lower() == 's':\n",
    "            print(\"Player stands. Dealer is playing.\")\n",
    "            playing = False\n",
    "\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            print(\"Sorry, please try again.\")\n",
    "            continue\n",
    "        break\n",
    "\n",
    "    \n",
    "def show_some(player,dealer):\n",
    "    print(\"\\nDealer's Hand:\")\n",
    "    print(\" <card hidden>\")\n",
    "    print('',dealer.cards[1])  \n",
    "    print(\"\\nPlayer's Hand:\", *player.cards, sep='\\n ')\n",
    "    \n",
    "def show_all(player,dealer):\n",
    "    print(\"\\nDealer's Hand:\", *dealer.cards, sep='\\n ')\n",
    "    print(\"Dealer's Hand =\",dealer.value)\n",
    "    print(\"\\nPlayer's Hand:\", *player.cards, sep='\\n ')\n",
    "    print(\"Player's Hand =\",player.value)\n",
    "    \n",
    "def player_busts(player,dealer,chips):\n",
    "    print(\"Player busts!\")\n",
    "    chips.lose_bet()\n",
    "\n",
    "def player_wins(player,dealer,chips):\n",
    "    print(\"Player wins!\")\n",
    "    chips.win_bet()\n",
    "\n",
    "def dealer_busts(player,dealer,chips):\n",
    "    print(\"Dealer busts!\")\n",
    "    chips.win_bet()\n",
    "    \n",
    "def dealer_wins(player,dealer,chips):\n",
    "    print(\"Dealer wins!\")\n",
    "    chips.lose_bet()\n",
    "    \n",
    "def push(player,dealer):\n",
    "    print(\"Dealer and Player tie! It's a push.\")\n",
    "    \n",
    "# GAMEPLAY!\n",
    "\n",
    "while True:\n",
    "    print('Welcome to BlackJack! Get as close to 21 as you can without going over!\\n\\\n",
    "    Dealer hits until she reaches 17. Aces count as 1 or 11.')\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Create & shuffle the deck, deal two cards to each player\n",
    "    deck = Deck()\n",
    "    deck.shuffle()\n",
    "    \n",
    "    player_hand = Hand()\n",
    "    player_hand.add_card(deck.deal())\n",
    "    player_hand.add_card(deck.deal())\n",
    "    \n",
    "    dealer_hand = Hand()\n",
    "    dealer_hand.add_card(deck.deal())\n",
    "    dealer_hand.add_card(deck.deal())\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Set up the Player's chips\n",
    "    player_chips = Chips()  # remember the default value is 100\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Prompt the Player for their bet:\n",
    "    take_bet(player_chips)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Show the cards:\n",
    "    show_some(player_hand,dealer_hand)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    while playing:  # recall this variable from our hit_or_stand function\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # Prompt for Player to Hit or Stand\n",
    "        hit_or_stand(deck,player_hand)\n",
    "        show_some(player_hand,dealer_hand)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        if player_hand.value > 21:\n",
    "            player_busts(player_hand,dealer_hand,player_chips)\n",
    "            break\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # If Player hasn't busted, play Dealer's hand        \n",
    "    if player_hand.value <= 21:\n",
    "        \n",
    "        while dealer_hand.value < 17:\n",
    "            hit(deck,dealer_hand)\n",
    "            \n",
    "        # Show all cards\n",
    "        show_all(player_hand,dealer_hand)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # Test different winning scenarios\n",
    "        if dealer_hand.value > 21:\n",
    "            dealer_busts(player_hand,dealer_hand,player_chips)\n",
    "\n",
    "        elif dealer_hand.value > player_hand.value:\n",
    "            dealer_wins(player_hand,dealer_hand,player_chips)\n",
    "\n",
    "        elif dealer_hand.value < player_hand.value:\n",
    "            player_wins(player_hand,dealer_hand,player_chips)\n",
    "\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            push(player_hand,dealer_hand)\n",
    "\n",
    "    # Inform Player of their chips total    \n",
    "    print(\"\\nPlayer's winnings stand at\",player_chips.total)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # Ask to play again\n",
    "    new_game = input(\"Would you like to play another hand? Enter 'y' or 'n' \")\n",
    "    if new_game[0].lower()=='y':\n",
    "        playing=True\n",
    "        continue\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print(\"Thanks for playing!\")\n",
    "        break"
   ]
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