id family group language idiom type genlang_point map chapter case function value1 feature1 value2 feature2 value3 feature3 source page comment contributor date form example_as_in_source example translation_as_in_source translation gloss example_source example_page example_comment 1 East Caucasian Lezgic Agul Standard Agul language yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases maisak2014 421 cognate to Lezgian, Tabasaran, Tsakhur and Udi markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -n 2 East Caucasian Andic Northern Akhvakh Tad-Magitl' village yes yes default case governed by adpositions locative in its typical position spatial Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases superessive Spatial dominant cases magomedovaabdulaeva2007 702--703 < elative; note that synchronically is productively used with animate (including human) nouns and personal pronouns Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -g 3 East Caucasian Andic Upper Andi Andi village yes yes default case governed by adpositions cont-essive in contact; standard of comparison ambiguous Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases contessive Spatial dominant cases dirr1906 25--26 cognate to Botlikh, Godoberi, Bagvalal, Tindi and Chamalal markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -č'u 4 East Caucasian Andic Upper Andi Rikvani village no yes default case governed by adpositions cont-essive on vertical surface; in posession ambiguous Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases contessive Spatial dominant cases suleymanov1957 cognate to Botlikh, Godoberi, Bagvalal, Tindi and Chamalal markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -č' 5 East Caucasian Lezgic Archi Archi language yes yes default case governed by adpositions dative recipient, experiencer abstract Dominant case type dative Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases kibrik1977 < dative Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -sː 6 Indo-European Armenic Eastern Armenian Eastern Armenian language yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases dum-tragut2009 294--307 syncretic with dative in nouns Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 7 East Caucasian Avar Avar Standard Avar language yes yes default case governed by adpositions super-essive on; in its typical position spatial Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases superessive Spatial dominant cases alekseevataev1997; aytemirova2007 61; 10 < super Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -da 8 East Caucasian Avar Avar Zaqatala dialect_nt1 no yes default case governed by adpositions super-essive on spatial Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases superessive Spatial dominant cases saidova2007 178--183 < super Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -ʔa 9 Turkic Oghuz Azerbaijani Standard Azerbaijani language yes yes default case governed by adpositions unmarked (nominative) form of subjects, indefinite direct objects abstract Dominant case type nominative Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases tagiyev2006a Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 10 East Caucasian Andic Bagvalal Kvanada village yes yes default case governed by adpositions affective, absolutive expiriencer; S and P arguments abstract Dominant case type other Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases sosenskaja2001pp 405--407 < affective < locative; < absolutive Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -ba; -ø 11 East Caucasian Tsezic Bezhta Bezhta village yes yes default case governed by adpositions none none Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases comrieetal2015 430--435 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 12 East Caucasian Andic Botlikh Botlikh village yes yes default case governed by adpositions cont-essive on, above, at spatial Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases contessive Spatial dominant cases saidovaabusov2012 557--558 cognate to Andi, Godoberi, Bagvalal, Tindi and Chamalal markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -č' 13 East Caucasian Lezgic Budukh Budukh language yes yes default case governed by adpositions locative in, in contact, inalianable possessor ambiguous Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases locative Spatial dominant cases talibov2007; alekseev1994budukh NA; 266--267 < in-locative Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -a, -e 14 East Caucasian Andic Chamalal Upper Gakvari dialect_toplevel yes yes default case governed by adpositions cont-essive in contact, standard of comparison, temporal possessor ambiguous Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases contessive Spatial dominant cases bokarev1949a cognate to Andi, Botlikh, Godoberi, Bagvalal and Tindi markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -č' 15 East Caucasian Andic Chamalal Lower Gakvari dialect_toplevel no yes default case governed by adpositions cont-essive in contact, standard of comparison, temporal possessor ambiguous Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases contessive Spatial dominant cases magomedova1999 432 cognate to Andi, Botlikh, Godoberi, Bagvalal and Tindi markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2023 -č' 16 East Caucasian Nakh Chechen Standard Chechen language yes yes default case governed by adpositions dative recipient abstract Dominant case type dative Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases nichols1994; maciev1961; aliroev1999; jakovlev1940; molochievakomendraft2022 28--29; 609; 79; 141–143; NA Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -na 17 East Caucasian Dargwa Northern Dargwa Standard Dargwa language yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases musaeva2010 9 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -la 18 East Caucasian Dargwa Northern Dargwa Aqusha dialect_toplevel no yes default case governed by adpositions genitive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases abdullaev1954 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -la 19 East Caucasian Dargwa Sanzhi-Itsari Itsari dialect_toplevel yes yes default case governed by adpositions absolutive, genitive S and P arguments, nominal predicate abstract Dominant case type other Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases sumbatovamutalov2003 56--59 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -ø 20 East Caucasian Dargwa Kubachi Kubachi language yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases magometov1963 245 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -la 21 East Caucasian Dargwa Kajtag Kajtag language yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive possessor abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases temirbulatova2004 221 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -la, -lːa, -nːa 22 East Caucasian Dargwa Mehweb Mehweb language yes yes default case governed by adpositions dative recipient, experiencer abstract Dominant case type dative Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases magometov1982; Michael Daniel p.c. NA; NA Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -s 23 East Caucasian Dargwa Southwestern Dargwa Tanti dialect_toplevel yes yes default case governed by adpositions Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases sumbatovalander2014 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 24 East Caucasian Dargwa Sanzhi-Itsari Sanzhi dialect_toplevel no yes default case governed by adpositions genitive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases forker2020dargwa 149--160 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -la, -lːa 25 Kartvelian Georgic Georgian Standard Georgian language yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive possessor, origin, adnominal, adj dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases rudenko1940 77--78, 253--258 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -is 26 East Caucasian Andic Godoberi Godoberi language yes yes default case governed by adpositions cont-essive in contact spatial Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases contessive Spatial dominant cases kibriketal1996; saidova1973 NA; 145 cognate to Andi, Botlikh, Bagvalal, Tindi and Chamalal markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -č'u 27 East Caucasian Tsezic Hinuq Hinuq language yes yes default case governed by adpositions locative in its typical position spatial Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases locative Spatial dominant cases forker2013 377--393 < cont Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -ho 28 East Caucasian Tsezic Hunzib Hunzib language yes yes default case governed by adpositions none none Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases vandenberg1995; isakovxalilov2012 64--67; 220--222 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 29 East Caucasian Nakh Ingush Standard Ingush language yes yes default case governed by adpositions dative recipient abstract Dominant case type dative Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases nichols2011 397--410 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -na, -aː 30 East Caucasian Andic Karata Karata dialect_toplevel yes yes default case governed by adpositions locative in its typical position, recipient, coincides with dative ambiguous Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases locative Spatial dominant cases magomedovaxalidova2001 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 31 East Caucasian Khinalug Khinalug Khinalug language yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive inalianable possessor, A argument, instrument abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases kibriketal1972; desheriev1959 144--153; 150--151 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -i 32 East Caucasian Tsezic Khwarshi Kvantlada village yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive possessor abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases khalilova2009 134--140 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -lo, -la 33 East Caucasian Lezgic Kryz Alik dialect_toplevel yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive possessor abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases authier2009 69--74 < locative Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 oblique stem 34 Turkic Kipchak Kumyk Standard Kumyk language yes yes default case governed by adpositions none none Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases abdullaevaetal2014; dmitriev1940 373--382; 88--90 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 35 East Caucasian Lak Lak Standard Lak language yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive possessor, A argument abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases kazenin2013 49--51 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -l 36 East Caucasian Lezgic Lezgian Standard Lezgian language yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases haspelmath1993 213--229 cognate to Tabasaran, Agul, Tsakhur and Udi markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -n 37 Turkic Kipchak Nogai Standard Nogai language yes yes default case governed by adpositions none none Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases kalmykovasarueva1973 271--279 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 38 East Caucasian Lezgic Rutul Mukhad dialect_toplevel yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases maxmudova2002 257--259 < adjectivizer Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -dɨ 39 East Caucasian Lezgic Tabasaran Standard Tabasaran language yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases zhirkov1948; babaliyeva2013 82--83; 116--134 cognate to Lezgian, Agul, Tsakhur and Udi markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -n 40 Indo-European Iranian Juhuri Juhuri language yes yes default case governed by adpositions unmarked (nominative) ezafe dependent, subject, indefinite object abstract Dominant case type nominative Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases authier2012 45--56; 92--113 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 41 East Caucasian Andic Tindi Tindi village yes yes default case governed by adpositions cont-essive object, standard of comparison, temporal possessor abstract Dominant case type other Abstract default cases contessive Spatial dominant cases magomedova2003 576--577 cognate to Andi, Botlikh, Godoberi, Bagvalal, Tindi and Chamalal markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -č' 42 East Caucasian Lezgic Tsakhur Mishlesh village yes yes default case governed by adpositions oblique attributive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases sosenskaja1999post 123--129 cognate to Lezgian, Tabasaran, Agul and Udi markers Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -na, -n, -ni 43 East Caucasian Tsezic Tsez Tsez language yes yes default case governed by adpositions none none Dominant case type irrelevant Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases polinskydraft2015 Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 44 East Caucasian Nakh Tsova-Tush Zemo-Alvani village yes yes default case governed by adpositions dative recipient abstract Dominant case type dative Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases holiskygagua1994; haukharrisdraft2022 168--170; NA Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -n 45 East Caucasian Lezgic Udi Nizh dialect_toplevel yes yes default case governed by adpositions genitive adnominal dependent abstract Dominant case type genitive Abstract default cases irrelevant Spatial dominant cases schulze2005 cognate to Lezgian, Tabasaran, Agul and Tsakhur markers. -ai is probably derived from native locative Polina Nasledskova, Tatiana Philippova 01.02.2022 -un, -in, -ai, -ei, -i