@Article{Bradbury:2021:SpatialSourceLocation,
    author = "Bradbury, Matthew and Jhumka, Arshad and Maple, Carsten",
    journal = "{ACM Transactions on Internet of Things}",
    title = "{A Spatial Source Location Privacy-Aware Duty Cycle for Internet of Things Sensor Networks}",
    year = "2021",
    issn = "2691-1914",
    month = "February",
    number = "1",
    pages = "1--32",
    volume = "2",
    abstract = "Source Location Privacy (SLP) is an important property for monitoring assets in privacy-critical sensor network and Internet of Things applications. Many SLP-aware routing techniques exist, with most striking a tradeoff between SLP and other key metrics such as energy (due to battery power). Typically, the number of messages sent has been used as a proxy for the energy consumed. Existing work (for SLP against a local attacker) does not consider the impact of sleeping via duty cycling to reduce the energy cost of an SLP-aware routing protocol. Therefore, two main challenges exist: (i) how to achieve a low duty cycle without loss of control messages that configure the SLP protocol and (ii) how to achieve high SLP without requiring a long time spent awake. In this article, we present a novel formalisation of a duty cycling protocol as a transformation process. Using derived transformation rules, we present the first duty cycling protocol for an SLP-aware routing protocol for a local eavesdropping attacker. Simulation results on grids demonstrate a duty cycle of 10\%, while only increasing the capture ratio of the source by 3 percentage points, and testbed experiments on FlockLab demonstrate an 80\% reduction in the average current draw.",
    address = "New York, NY, USA",
    articleno = "4",
    doi = "10.1145/3430379",
    file = ":TIOT2021.pdf:PDF",
    issue_date = "February 2021",
    keywords = "Source Location Privacy, wireless sensor networks, fake sources, duty cycle",
    numpages = "32",
    publisher = "ACM"
}