{ "namespace": "dark-web", "expanded": "Dark Web", "description": "Criminal motivation and content detection the dark web: A categorisation model for law enforcement. ref: Janis Dalins, Campbell Wilson, Mark Carman. Taxonomy updated by MISP Project and extended by the JRC (Joint Research Centre) of the European Commission.", "version": 11, "predicates": [ { "value": "topic", "description": "Primary topical category of the observed dark-web material or discussion.", "expanded": "Topic", "uuid": "99c3043d-75c9-5033-bd26-c28da3790599" }, { "value": "motivation", "description": "Observed intent or purpose of the service, content, or actor activity.", "expanded": "Motivation", "uuid": "0cf412bf-5d22-5777-a3f3-e8997b26adf4" }, { "value": "structure", "description": "Page or post archetype describing how information is presented on the service.", "expanded": "Structure", "uuid": "b35ff672-d3af-532b-bd4f-c540297a0a92" }, { "value": "service", "description": "Technical and discovery metadata used to identify and locate the dark-web service.", "expanded": "Service", "uuid": "177a84c2-adbf-5d9c-9ddb-5b3da021b80a" }, { "value": "content", "description": "Extracted artifacts and entities identified directly within the service content.", "expanded": "Content", "uuid": "0dda2a15-f88c-5cb4-9eea-4ab98ae78586" } ], "values": [ { "predicate": "topic", "entry": [ { "value": "drugs-narcotics", "expanded": "drugsNarcotics", "description": "Illegal drugs/chemical compounds for consumption/ingestion - either via blanket unlawfulness (e.g. proscribed drugs) or via unlawful access (e.g. prescription-only/restricted medications sold without lawful accessibility).", "uuid": "c0bef0db-be23-54f0-8e0f-2d53bd5ace87" }, { "value": "electronics", "expanded": "electronics", "description": "Electronics and high tech materials, described or to sell for example.", "uuid": "0e992b11-d9ff-5207-b3be-255b8854d198" }, { "value": "finance", "expanded": "finance", "description": "Any monetary/currency/exchangeable materials. Includes carding, Paypal etc.", "uuid": "b1f66aec-a0fe-5a5f-8be3-e30965e82d82" }, { "value": "finance-crypto", "expanded": "cryptoFinance", "description": "Any monetary/currency/exchangeable materials based on cryptocurrencies. Includes Bitcoin, Litecoin etc.", "uuid": "e41b1c45-22a3-5556-ba83-76e733bb70a1" }, { "value": "credit-card", "expanded": "creditCard", "description": "Credit cards and payments materials", "uuid": "7974c6ce-6657-5a3c-b6d4-5b39d52daff9" }, { "value": "cash-in", "expanded": "cashIn", "description": "Buying parts of assets, conversion from liquid assets, currency, etc.", "uuid": "5eb42283-05a0-55f4-930b-97020f04eddc" }, { "value": "cash-out", "expanded": "cashOut", "description": "Selling parts of assets, conversion to liquid assets, currency, etc.", "uuid": "686950f3-af41-5725-8639-5447915b4cef" }, { "value": "escrow", "expanded": "escrow", "description": "Third party keeping assets in behalf of two other parties making a transactions.", "uuid": "931f7351-3dd6-5fc8-b852-4c36e8c48747" }, { "value": "hacking", "expanded": "hacking", "description": "Materials relating to the illegal access to or alteration of data and/or electronic services.", "uuid": "0f2b0736-5539-57f2-a851-79946edadc96" }, { "value": "identification-credentials", "expanded": "identificationCredentials", "description": "Materials used for providing/establishing identification with third parties. Examples include passports, driver licenses and login credentials.", "uuid": "699a8290-82bd-520a-8c8c-55c2933fc5d0" }, { "value": "intellectual-property-copyright-materials", "expanded": "intellectualPropertyCopyrightMaterials", "description": "Otherwise lawful materials stored, transferred or made available without consent of their legal rights holders.", "uuid": "a2231160-c16c-5b96-a6fb-f80678b08e31" }, { "value": "pornography-adult", "expanded": "pornographyAdult", "description": "Lawful, ethical pornography (i.e. involving only consenting adults).", "uuid": "01a8e7dc-ab88-55c1-8fba-6cc748aec64d" }, { "value": "child-sexual-abuse-material", "expanded": "ChildSexualAbuseMaterial", "description": "Child abuse materials, including 'fantasy' fiction materials, CGI. Also includes the provision/offering of child abuse materials and/or activities", "uuid": "0f3bce10-2ce0-5d82-8adf-2d63eefa0ba7" }, { "value": "pornography-illicit-or-illegal", "expanded": "pornographyIllicitOrIllegal", "description": "Illegal pornography NOT including children/child abuse materials. Includes bestiality, stolen/revenge porn, hidden cameras etc.", "uuid": "54cd953b-e51b-5748-9dff-07340492114a" }, { "value": "search-engine-index", "expanded": "searchEngineIndex", "description": "Site providing links/references to other sites/services. Referred to as a ‘nexus’ by (Moore and Rid, 2016)", "uuid": "a6204e13-14a6-5738-ac34-f6fdf4d1e842" }, { "value": "unclear", "expanded": "unclear", "description": "Unable to completely establish topic of material.", "uuid": "43ab130f-e57b-518d-bf1f-7a771c614da8" }, { "value": "extremism", "expanded": "extremism", "description": "Illegal or ‘of concern’ levels of extremist ideology. Note this does not provide blanket coverage of fundamentalist ideologies and dogma - only those associated with illegal acts. Socialist/anarchist/religious materials (for example) will not be included unless inclusive or indicative of associated illegal conduct, such as hate crimes.", "uuid": "564a07fc-b2a6-5102-a94d-f97b20dc1d99" }, { "value": "violence", "expanded": "violence", "description": "Materials relating to violence against persons or property.", "uuid": "4e6c319d-3e08-5bb5-9731-3562751b2673" }, { "value": "weapons", "expanded": "weapons", "description": "Materials specifically associated with materials and/or items for use in violent acts against persons or property. Examples include firearms and bomb-making ingredients.", "uuid": "37a1b75a-3d95-5048-97bd-9332aa11e36e" }, { "value": "softwares", "expanded": "softwares", "description": "Illegal or armful software distribution", "uuid": "43c70d70-8370-522b-ad07-cd244e8e01c6" }, { "value": "counterfeit-materials", "expanded": "counterFeitMaterials", "description": "Fake identification papers.", "uuid": "2456cae3-087b-514a-b7aa-0da55b6ee64d" }, { "value": "gambling", "expanded": "gambling", "description": "Games involving money", "uuid": "64719351-5b69-5539-8359-0196b82741ee" }, { "value": "library", "expanded": "library", "description": "Library or list of books", "uuid": "00d6a94a-7f65-52cc-a19e-5258f5c34cce" }, { "value": "other-not-illegal", "expanded": "otherNotIllegal", "description": "Material not of interest to law enforcement - e.g. personal sites, Facebook mirrors.", "uuid": "cfc5c1e0-be6b-564f-967e-4d743cc778e7" }, { "value": "legitimate", "expanded": "legitimate", "description": "Legitimate websites", "uuid": "387c9069-d6c4-5f43-9eb7-32162941f399" }, { "value": "chat", "expanded": "chatsPlatforms", "description": "Chats space or equivalent, which are not forums", "uuid": "fb4c9c08-533c-5249-8c6b-5168ca323603" }, { "value": "mixer", "expanded": "mixer", "description": "Anonymization tools for crypto-currencies transactions", "uuid": "fb9642a9-19f6-5d91-957c-ea5e8bc0cffe" }, { "value": "mystery-box", "expanded": "mysteryBox", "description": "Mystery Box seller", "uuid": "ef7e8781-88de-57b0-828a-984f3cee421c" }, { "value": "anonymizer", "expanded": "anonymizer", "description": "Anonymization tools", "uuid": "b0c90be6-7222-5136-aaf1-d31611609075" }, { "value": "vpn-provider", "expanded": "vpnProvider", "description": "Provides VPN services and related", "uuid": "1d80b14f-b58f-56fd-8876-ce3d0beaea35" }, { "value": "email-provider", "expanded": "emailProvider", "description": "Provides e-mail services and related", "uuid": "6f16c756-1c15-5547-9ec5-b474f39729d5" }, { "value": "ponies", "expanded": "ponies", "description": "self-explanatory. It's ponies", "uuid": "f4b7373b-752a-5eb1-93b3-41d358352931" }, { "value": "games", "expanded": "games", "description": "Flash or online games", "uuid": "6bbb9ad9-e062-5c11-a7c0-70a3cc8fb40f" }, { "value": "parody", "expanded": "parodyOrJoke", "description": "Meme, Parody, Jokes, Trolling, ...", "uuid": "9b174b05-f0ec-5a64-b6ad-b23061e7d60b" }, { "value": "whistleblower", "expanded": "whistleblower", "description": "Exposition and sharing of confidential information with protection of the witness in mind", "uuid": "da304f47-3a05-51b0-84e2-2e99b7ec665f" }, { "value": "ransomware-group", "expanded": "ransomwareGroup", "description": "Ransomware group PR or leak website", "uuid": "d17ecc1e-def0-5b50-9fb9-e15575f120c1" }, { "value": "hitman", "expanded": "Hit Man Services", "description": "Hit man or similar services", "uuid": "dd97317a-ed28-53f4-be71-2ba06fabe2aa" }, { "value": "directory-provider", "expanded": "DirectoryProvider", "description": "Provides list of addresses or references to other services", "uuid": "39d73b81-6fb1-5497-af33-b1f45c2b8444" } ] }, { "predicate": "motivation", "entry": [ { "value": "education-training", "expanded": "educationTraining", "description": "Materials providing instruction - e.g. ‘how to’ guides", "uuid": "d8147c03-b4bf-5067-afc5-a64718ba2ed2" }, { "value": "wiki", "expanded": "wiki", "description": "Wiki pages, documentation and information display", "uuid": "e0bd35b8-64ef-59c4-be25-76a6935d5056" }, { "value": "forum", "expanded": "forum", "description": "Sites specifically designed for multiple users to communicate as peers", "uuid": "b973983f-135c-522d-bfa8-49e1db6087b2" }, { "value": "file-sharing", "expanded": "fileSharing", "description": "General file sharing, typically (but not limited to) movie/image sharing", "uuid": "702a2777-de00-5db2-8fd5-fc6526be76a6" }, { "value": "hosting", "expanded": "hosting", "description": "Hosting providers, e-mails, websites, file-storage etc.", "uuid": "f1e6d068-532a-5562-b5a2-34b8e445c4da" }, { "value": "ddos-services", "expanded": "ddosServices", "description": "Stresser, Booter, DDoSer, DDoS as a Service provider, DDoS tools, etc.", "uuid": "1c67e426-988e-58a1-9be5-799c0e00ce6f" }, { "value": "general", "expanded": "general", "description": "Materials not covered by the other motivations. Typically, materials of a nature not of interest to law enforcement. For example, personal biography sites.", "uuid": "a05cfb9e-cf25-59f3-bde4-a86dfc5c74b3" }, { "value": "information-sharing-reportage", "expanded": "InformationSharingReportage", "description": "Journalism/reporting on topics. Can include biased coverage, but obvious propaganda materials are covered by Recruitment/Advocacy.", "uuid": "67160e7a-b00c-5e35-8bc4-62919bacc8c0" }, { "value": "scam", "expanded": "scam", "description": "Intentional confidence trick to fraud people or group of people", "uuid": "61e67c0c-38e9-528c-a29a-f7a23451a7d1" }, { "value": "political-speech", "expanded": "politicalSpeech", "description": "Political, activism, without extremism.", "uuid": "cc41bd8f-8e32-56db-9453-077dec7a2882" }, { "value": "conspirationist", "expanded": "conspirationist", "description": "Conspirationist content, fake news, etc.", "uuid": "7d482ac9-17d3-5357-9a9e-d6af5acbdc4b" }, { "value": "hate-speech", "expanded": "hateSpeech", "description": "Racism, violent, hate... speech.", "uuid": "397c30d0-cc5a-5945-ae16-8ce75d35fcfc" }, { "value": "religious", "expanded": "religious", "description": "Religious, faith, doctrinal related content.", "uuid": "6db14a02-536d-5138-bc38-5ecad840b468" }, { "value": "marketplace-for-sale", "expanded": "marketplaceForSale", "description": "Services/goods for sale, regardless of means of payment.", "uuid": "9368f7f6-e932-5339-9b23-2f843339a128" }, { "value": "smuggling", "expanded": "smuggling", "description": "Information or trading of wild animals, prohibited goods, ... ", "uuid": "81b9160b-89d8-501b-9799-a65c56742564" }, { "value": "recruitment-advocacy", "expanded": "recruitmentAdvocacy", "description": "Propaganda", "uuid": "630ba296-6f1f-53b1-9a29-f7b3ba93a83f" }, { "value": "system-placeholder", "expanded": "systemPlaceholder", "description": "Automatically generated content, not designed for any identifiable purpose other than diagnostics - e.g. “It Works” message provided by default by Apache2", "uuid": "dc940230-d400-5476-9abe-65cd2f616f70" }, { "value": "unclear", "expanded": "unclear", "description": "Unable to completely establish motivation of material.", "uuid": "f82f4748-1756-52c0-bb83-f7e2f72736a3" } ] }, { "predicate": "structure", "entry": [ { "value": "captcha", "expanded": "captcha", "description": "Captchas and solvers elements", "uuid": "1a335beb-c479-5042-87e6-403e045f8c00" }, { "value": "carding", "expanded": "Carding", "description": "Related to selling, fraud, or illegal activities involving credit cards.", "uuid": "1a1ed113-88fc-550f-af93-f73843dc2ece" }, { "value": "contact-forms", "expanded": "contactForms", "description": "Forms to perform a contact request, send an e-mail, fill information, enter a password, ...", "uuid": "8e3e6ec4-711b-504a-8772-3c01782f480f" }, { "value": "creds-dumps", "expanded": "CredsDumps", "description": "Related to credential leaks published for download or sharing.", "uuid": "2135f750-4238-59d8-8639-6d2e47244026" }, { "value": "ddos", "expanded": "DDoS", "description": "Discussion of DDoS activities, attack claims, or sale of DDoS tools/services.", "uuid": "9d4f3366-1a2b-5574-8fcc-aa3d4aee0caa" }, { "value": "encryption-keys", "expanded": "encryptionKeys", "description": "e.g. PGP Keys, passwords, ...", "uuid": "04ef6db9-f206-5e65-8b55-f9597cc5ee82" }, { "value": "hacking-claim", "expanded": "Hacking_claim", "description": "Claims by threat actors about website compromises or pride in breaching systems.", "uuid": "cc471da8-07e5-59d6-9f22-52d8ef70fc17" }, { "value": "hosting", "expanded": "Hosting", "description": "Content about AWS, Azure, DigitalOcean, or related hosting accounts, often offered at discounted prices.", "uuid": "e8d45e28-6902-5163-b6b9-d99248c7b74e" }, { "value": "incomplete", "expanded": "incomplete", "description": "Websites and pages that are unable to load completely properly", "uuid": "163fc4a7-6dc9-5e76-8858-15ee8dc3bec9" }, { "value": "law-enforcement", "expanded": "Law_enforcement", "description": "Related to channels of police/government and law-enforcement actions against threat actors.", "uuid": "aa10c646-bbd4-5538-871a-30788cd45e5f" }, { "value": "leaks", "expanded": "Leaks", "description": "Company leak disclosures after hacks, such as SQL database dumps.", "uuid": "8ae908ee-41e8-50b3-af66-392380e4f94e" }, { "value": "legal-statement", "expanded": "legalStatement", "description": "RGPD statement, Privacy-policy, guidelines of a websites or forum...", "uuid": "03ba3686-4c49-5e0f-b56a-8b730955e344" }, { "value": "login-forms", "expanded": "loginForms", "description": "Authentication pages, login page, login forms that block access to an internal part of a website.", "uuid": "b6913de4-0184-5261-9c64-9f0d52503c7b" }, { "value": "police-notice", "expanded": "policeNotice", "description": "Closed websites, with police-equivalent banners", "uuid": "765d98a5-c65f-5bf1-aca0-11ae735913ec" }, { "value": "ponzi-financial", "expanded": "Ponzi/Financial", "description": "Related to financial-gain schemes, investment fraud, or Ponzi-style operations.", "uuid": "c989c30f-e0b5-55e3-8c92-d74afd6b03e9" }, { "value": "ransomware-post", "expanded": "ransomwarePost", "description": "Ransomware post published by a ransomware group", "uuid": "8adc9bef-350a-573e-bf09-b002981de97a" }, { "value": "test", "expanded": "test", "description": "Test websites without any real consequences or effects", "uuid": "11044e87-a985-5c2a-a865-6531f46a5d6d" }, { "value": "testimonial", "expanded": "Testimonial", "description": "Evidence of payments or proof that a service is legitimate; excludes greetings or shout-outs to groups.", "uuid": "f84fe9d9-60a6-586c-92a6-2b3c16a7d651" }, { "value": "unclear", "expanded": "unclear", "description": "Unable to completely establish structure of material.", "uuid": "9f67fb3a-1599-5fd6-b0d1-cc2a272246ce" }, { "value": "videos", "expanded": "videos", "description": "Videos and streaming", "uuid": "c8e7e0c9-ce42-56c9-bf86-0e7997e4212a" } ] }, { "predicate": "service", "entry": [ { "value": "url", "expanded": "url", "description": "Uniform Resource Locator (URL) of a dark-web. The url should indicate a protocol (http), a hostname (www.example.com), and a file name (index.html). Example: http://www.example.com/index.html", "uuid": "04522a6c-a2f2-51ed-a002-94802fe7e223" }, { "value": "content-type", "expanded": "contentType", "description": "Content-Type representaton headerused to indicate the original media type of the resource (prior to any content encoding applied for sending). https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Type", "uuid": "5a2563bf-2bfd-5ac8-b93e-4c32e9935e7d" }, { "value": "path", "expanded": "path", "description": "The URL path is the string of information that comes after the top level domain name ", "uuid": "a36a2eb9-4ba6-5fea-a8ac-4ee8fb26b5a8" }, { "value": "detection-date", "expanded": "detectionDate", "description": "Date in which the dark-web was detected. The date should be in ISO 8601 format. Example: 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z", "uuid": "7b2c8372-0075-5066-b71d-0bd789d5730b" }, { "value": "network-protocol", "expanded": "networkProtocol", "description": "Network protocol used to access the dark-web site (e.g., HTTP, HTTPS)", "uuid": "a4d64528-b02b-5d08-bbb9-62aed10e1edd" }, { "value": "port", "expanded": "port", "description": "Port number where the dark-web service is being offered", "uuid": "a59ef0e4-cac6-5083-8be9-1942a0e60bdc" }, { "value": "network", "expanded": "network", "description": "Overlay network (darknet) that host the service or content", "uuid": "9669a3bb-ed5f-5900-91de-bf08f19d910f" }, { "value": "found-at", "expanded": "foundAt", "description": "Domain or service where the dark-web where found at", "uuid": "df687db2-3985-50a6-902d-fbc779c9d472" } ] }, { "predicate": "content", "entry": [ { "value": "sha1sum", "expanded": "sha1sum", "description": "SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) hash of the HTML or objectName content", "uuid": "116f6006-be87-5299-881e-03687011e0d2" }, { "value": "sha256sum", "expanded": "sha256sum", "description": "SHA-256 hash of the HTML or objectName content", "uuid": "44ebd31e-7bea-5c57-870b-54b489645ce6" }, { "value": "ssdeep", "expanded": "ssdeep", "description": "ssdeep fuzzy hash of the HTML or objectName content", "uuid": "55757904-9927-5aad-8fa8-d08f50e62207" }, { "value": "language", "expanded": "language", "description": "Detected language of the service in ISO 639‑1 Code. Example: en", "uuid": "88603a3f-cf87-555b-a5d0-e0413355b4af" }, { "value": "html", "expanded": "html", "description": "HyperText Markup Language (HTML) used in a website", "uuid": "75124a11-afcd-5861-8722-6ddd97b159e3" }, { "value": "css", "expanded": "css", "description": "CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) used in a dark-web site", "uuid": "dd5b3566-0a23-516f-8bef-f0394f97f5ed" }, { "value": "text", "expanded": "text", "description": "Content of the dark-web service without HTML tags", "uuid": "433c8804-df3c-5d3b-8349-95a157d5bd0a" }, { "value": "page-title", "expanded": "pageTitle", "description": "HTML