{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "import numpy as np\n", "import scipy as sp\n", "import scipy.stats\n", "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n", "import pandas as pd" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# <font face=\"gotham\" color=\"purple\"> Concepts of Hypothesis Testing </font>" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "You all heard of **null hypothesis** and **alternative hypothesis**, depends on the evidences that we decide to reject the null hypothesis or not. However if we do not have evidences to reject null hypothesis, we can't say that we accept null hypothesis, rather we say that _we can't reject null hypothesis based on current information_.\n", "\n", "Sometimes you might encounter the term of **type I error** and **type II error**, the former characterises the probability of rejecting a true null hypothesis, the latter characterises the probability of failing to reject a false null hypothesis. It might sounds counter-intuitive at first sight, but the plot below tells all story. \n", "\n", "The higher the significance level the lower probability of having type I error, but it increases the probability of having type II error." ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "image/png": 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\n", "text/plain": [ "<Figure size 1296x432 with 1 Axes>" ] }, "metadata": { "needs_background": "light" }, "output_type": "display_data" } ], "source": [ "from plot_material import type12_error\n", "\n", "type12_error()" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "If you are yet bewildered, here is the guideline, the blue shaded area are genuinely generated by null distribution, however they are too distant (i.e. $2\\sigma$ away) from the mean ($0$ in this example), so they are mistakenly rejected, this is what we call _Type I Error_. \n", "\n", "The orange shaded area are actually generated by alternative distribution, however they are in the adjacent area of mean of null hypothesis, so we failed to reject they, but wrongly. And this is called _Type II Error_.\n", "\n", "As you can see from the chart, if null distribution and alternative are far away from each other, the probability of both type of errors diminish to trivial. " ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# <font face=\"gotham\" color=\"purple\"> Rejection Region and p-Value</font>" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "**Rejection region** is a range of values such that if the test statistic falls into that range, we decide to reject the null hypothesis in favour of the alternative hypothesis.\n", "\n", "To put it another way, a value has to be far enough from the mean of null distribution to fall into rejection region, then the distance is the evidence that the value might not be produced by null distribution, therefore a rejection of null hypothesis.\n", "\n", "Let's use some real data for illustration. The data format is ```.csv```, best tool is ```pandas``` library." ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 3, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/html": [ "<div>\n", "<style scoped>\n", " .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n", " vertical-align: middle;\n", " }\n", "\n", " .dataframe tbody tr th {\n", " vertical-align: top;\n", " }\n", "\n", " .dataframe thead th {\n", " text-align: right;\n", " }\n", "</style>\n", "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n", " <thead>\n", " <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n", " <th></th>\n", " <th>Gender</th>\n", " <th>Height</th>\n", " <th>Weight</th>\n", " <th>Index</th>\n", " </tr>\n", " </thead>\n", " <tbody>\n", " <tr>\n", " <th>0</th>\n", " <td>Male</td>\n", " <td>174</td>\n", " <td>96</td>\n", " <td>4</td>\n", " </tr>\n", " <tr>\n", " <th>1</th>\n", " <td>Male</td>\n", " <td>189</td>\n", " <td>87</td>\n", " <td>2</td>\n", " </tr>\n", " <tr>\n", " <th>2</th>\n", " <td>Female</td>\n", " <td>185</td>\n", " <td>110</td>\n", " <td>4</td>\n", " </tr>\n", " <tr>\n", " <th>3</th>\n", " <td>Female</td>\n", " <td>195</td>\n", " <td>104</td>\n", " <td>3</td>\n", " </tr>\n", " <tr>\n", " <th>4</th>\n", " <td>Male</td>\n", " <td>149</td>\n", " <td>61</td>\n", " <td>3</td>\n", " </tr>\n", " </tbody>\n", "</table>\n", "</div>" ], "text/plain": [ " Gender Height Weight Index\n", "0 Male 174 96 4\n", "1 Male 189 87 2\n", "2 Female 185 110 4\n", "3 Female 195 104 3\n", "4 Male 149 61 3" ] }, "execution_count": 3, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "data = pd.read_csv(\"500_Person_Gender_Height_Weight_Index.csv\")\n", "data.head()" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Null and alternative hypothesis are\n", "$$\n", "H_0: \\text{Average male height is 172}\\newline\n", "H_1: \\text{Average male height isn't 172}\n", "$$" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Calculate the sample mean and standard deviation of male height" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 4, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "male_mean = data[data[\"Gender\"] == \"Male\"][\"Height\"].mean()\n", "male_std = data[data[\"Gender\"] == \"Male\"][\"Height\"].std(ddof=1)\n", "male_std_error = male_std / np.sqrt(len(data[data[\"Gender\"] == \"Male\"]))\n", "male_null = 172" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "The rejection region is simply an opposite view of expressing confidence interval\n", "$$\n", "\\bar{x}>\\mu + t_\\alpha\\frac{s}{\\sqrt{n}}\\\\\n", "\\bar{x}<\\mu - t_\\alpha\\frac{s}{\\sqrt{n}}\n", "$$" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Assume significance level $5\\%$, then $+t_\\alpha = t_{.025}$ and $-t_{\\alpha} = t_{.975}$, where $t_{.025}$ and $t_{.975}$ can be calculated by ```.stat.t.ppf```." ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 5, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "1.9697339922715282" ] }, "execution_count": 5, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "df = len(data[data[\"Gender\"] == \"Male\"]) - 1\n", "t_975 = sp.stats.t.ppf(0.975, df=df)\n", "t_975" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 6, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "-1.9697339922715287" ] }, "execution_count": 6, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "t_025 = sp.stats.t.ppf(0.025, df=df)\n", "t_025" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 7, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "The rejection region of null hypothesis is <169.85242784779035 and >174.14757215220965\n" ] } ], "source": [ "print(\n", " \"The rejection region of null hypothesis is <{} and >{}\".format(\n", " male_null - t_975 * male_std_error, male_null + t_975 * male_std_error\n", " )\n", ")" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "whereas the ```male_mean``` falls into\n", "the rejection region, we reject null hypothesis in favour of alternative hypothesis" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 8, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "169.64897959183673" ] }, "execution_count": 8, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "male_mean" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Alternatively we can construct $t$-statistic\n", "$$\n", "t=\\frac{\\bar{x}-\\mu}{s/\\sqrt{n}}\n", "$$\n", "Rejection region is where $t$-statistic larger or smaller than critical values\n", "$$\n", "t>t_{\\alpha} = t_{.025} \\text{ and } t<t_{\\alpha} = t_{.975}\n", "$$\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 9, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "-2.1563349150893543" ] }, "execution_count": 9, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "t = (male_mean - male_null) / (male_std_error)\n", "t" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "In this case, the $t$ statistic falls short than critical value $t_{.025}$, which also tells that the sample mean deviates about $2.15$ standard errors away from the mean of null hypothesis, fairly significant evidence to reject null hypothesis. We also say the test is **statistically significant**." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Here is the demonstration of rejection region in terms of both original unit (cm) and $t$-statistic, the rejection region are shaded in pink. Codes are messy, thus hidden in ```plot_material```." ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 10, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "image/png": 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\n", "text/plain": [ "<Figure size 1296x576 with 2 Axes>" ] }, "metadata": { "needs_background": "light" }, "output_type": "display_data" } ], "source": [ "from plot_material import two_tail_rej_region_demo\n", "\n", "two_tail_rej_region_demo()" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Rejection region gives a yes or no answer, but **p-value** can give a probability how rare/extreme the test statistic is, given the null hypothesis is true. It can be easily retrieved by ```.stats.t.cdf``` function if the test statistic is negative as in our example, if positive then use ```1-.stats.t.cdf```. The p-value in our example is " ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 11, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "0.016017555878266296" ] }, "execution_count": 11, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "sp.stats.t.cdf(t, df=df)" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "It indicates that if $H_0 = 172$ is true, the probability of a sample mean of $169.64$ or smaller has around $1.6\\%$ probability. " ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# <font face=\"gotham\" color=\"purple\"> One- or Two-Tail Test</font>" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "The height example is a two-tail test, meaning constructing rejecting region on both sides, there are one-tail tests as well\n", "$$\n", "H_0: \\mu = \\mu_0\\\\\n", "H_1: \\mu > \\mu_0\n", "$$\n", "or \n", "$$\n", "H_0: \\mu = \\mu_0\\\\\n", "H_1: \\mu < \\mu_0\n", "$$\n", "Recall that in two-tail test, we divide the significance level by two, $2.5%$ on each side, but in one-tail test the significance level stays on either side as a whole.\n", "\n", "The figure below is the demonstration of one-tail test with $5\\%$ significance level on either side. The horizontal axis represents $t$-statistic." ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 12, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "image/png": 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\n", "text/plain": [ "<Figure size 1296x576 with 2 Axes>" ] }, "metadata": { "needs_background": "light" }, "output_type": "display_data" } ], "source": [ "from plot_material import one_tail_rej_region_demo\n", "\n", "one_tail_rej_region_demo()" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# <font face=\"gotham\" color=\"purple\"> Inference About Difference Between Two Means</font>" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "If the difference of means of two population is the primary concern, for instance we'd like to investigate whether man and women's starting salary level differs, we still can develop interval estimator and hypothesis test as in previous examples. " ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## <font face=\"gotham\" color=\"purple\"> Two Population With Known $\\sigma_1$ and $\\sigma_2$</font>" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "The point estimator of the difference of two population means is\n", "$$\n", "\\bar{x}_1-\\bar{x}_2\n", "$$\n", "and its standard error is \n", "$$\n", "\\sigma_{\\bar{x}_{1}-\\bar{x}_{2}}=\\sqrt{\\frac{\\sigma_{1}^{2}}{n_{1}}+\\frac{\\sigma_{2}^{2}}{n_{2}}}\n", "$$\n", "if both populations have a normal distribution, then sampling distribution of $\\bar{x}_1-\\bar{x}_2$ also have a normal distribution. Then the $z$ statistic has a normal distribution\n", "$$\n", "z=\\frac{\\left(\\bar{x}_{1}-\\bar{x}_{2}\\right)-(\\mu_1-\\mu_2)}{\\sqrt{\\frac{\\sigma_{1}^{2}}{n_{1}}+\\frac{\\sigma_{2}^{2}}{n_{2}}}}\n", "$$\n", "\n", "The interval estimator with known $\\sigma_1$ and $\\sigma_2$ is constructed by rearranging $z$-statistic\n", "$$\n", "\\bar{x}_{1}-\\bar{x}_{2} \\pm z_{\\alpha / 2} \\sqrt{\\frac{\\sigma_{1}^{2}}{n_{1}}+\\frac{\\sigma_{2}^{2}}{n_{2}}}\n", "$$" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "We can simulate a case of population height, first create two populations of male and female with $\\mu_1 = 175$ and $\\mu_2 = 170$, also $\\sigma_1=10$ and $\\sigma_2=8$." ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 13, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Point estimate of the difference of the population means is 3.45.\n", "Confidence interval of the difference of the population means is (0.94, 5.96).\n" ] } ], "source": [ "male_population = sp.stats.norm.rvs(\n", " loc=175, scale=10, size=10000\n", ") # generate male population of 10000\n", "female_population = sp.stats.norm.rvs(\n", " loc=170, scale=8, size=10000\n", ") # generate famale population of 10000\n", "\n", "male_sample = np.random.choice(male_population, 100) # take sample\n", "female_sample = np.random.choice(female_population, 100)\n", "\n", "male_sample_mean = np.mean(male_sample)\n", "female_sample_mean = np.mean(female_sample)\n", "\n", "standard_error = np.sqrt(10**2 / 100 + 8**2 / 100)\n", "\n", "LCL = (\n", " male_sample_mean - female_sample_mean - sp.stats.norm.ppf(0.975) * standard_error\n", ") # lower confidence level\n", "UCL = male_sample_mean - female_sample_mean + sp.stats.norm.ppf(0.975) * standard_error\n", "\n", "print(\n", " \"Point estimate of the difference of the population means is {:.2f}.\".format(\n", " male_sample_mean - female_sample_mean\n", " )\n", ")\n", "print(\n", " \"Confidence interval of the difference of the population means is ({:.2f}, {:.2f}).\".format(\n", " LCL, UCL\n", " )\n", ")" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "There are three forms of hypothesis" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "$$\n", "\\begin{array}{lll}\n", "H_{0}: \\mu_{1}-\\mu_{2} \\geq D_{0} & H_{0}: \\mu_{1}-\\mu_{2} \\leq D_{0} & H_{0}: \\mu_{1}-\\mu_{2}=D_{0} \\\\\n", "H_{\\mathrm{1}}: \\mu_{1}-\\mu_{2} < D_{0} & H_{\\mathrm{1}}: \\mu_{1}-\\mu_{2}>D_{0} & H_{\\mathrm{1}}: \\mu_{1}-\\mu_{2} \\neq D_{0}\n", "\\end{array}\n", "$$" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "The $z$ statistic test has the same mechanism as in one population inference, we would like to know how many standard deviation away from the null hypothesis of difference of population mean.\n", "$$\n", "z=\\frac{\\left(\\bar{x}_{1}-\\bar{x}_{2}\\right)-D_{0}}{\\sqrt{\\frac{\\sigma_{1}^{2}}{n_{1}}+\\frac{\\sigma_{2}^{2}}{n_{2}}}}=\\frac{\\left(\\bar{x}_{1}-\\bar{x}_{2}\\right)-(\\mu_1-\\mu_2)}{\\sqrt{\\frac{\\sigma_{1}^{2}}{n_{1}}+\\frac{\\sigma_{2}^{2}}{n_{2}}}}\n", "$$\n", "Back to our example, suppose our hypothesis is the men and women has the same average height\n", "$$\n", "H_0:\\mu_1-\\mu_2 = 0\\\\\n", "H_1:\\mu_1-\\mu_2 \\neq 0\n", "$$" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "We actually know that we will reject null hypothesis, because data generation parameter is $\\mu_1=175$ and $\\mu_2=170$, here is the results" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 14, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "z statistic: 2.70\n", "p-Value: 0.0035124105030215347\n" ] } ], "source": [ "z = ((male_sample_mean - female_sample_mean) - 0) / standard_error\n", "p_value = 1 - sp.stats.norm.cdf(z)\n", "print(\"z statistic: {:.2f}\".format(z))\n", "print(\"p-Value: {}\".format(p_value))" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "We reject the null hypothesis $\\mu_1=\\mu_2$ in favour of alternative hypothesis $\\mu_1\\neq\\mu_2$." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## <font face=\"gotham\" color=\"purple\"> Two Population With Unknown $\\sigma_1$ and $\\sigma_2$</font>" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "As you have guess, interval estimator with two population with unknown $\\sigma_1$ and $\\sigma_2$ is \n", "$$\n", "\\bar{x}_{1}-\\bar{x}_{2} \\pm t_{\\alpha / 2} \\sqrt{\\frac{s_{1}^{2}}{n_{1}}+\\frac{s_{2}^{2}}{n_{2}}}\n", "$$\n", "And $t$-statistic\n", "$$\n", "t=\\frac{\\left(\\bar{x}_{1}-\\bar{x}_{2}\\right)-D_{0}}{\\sqrt{\\frac{s_{1}^{2}}{n_{1}}+\\frac{s_{2}^{2}}{n_{2}}}}\n", "$$\n", "However the degree of freedom has a nastier form\n", "$$\n", "d f=\\frac{\\left(\\frac{s_{1}^{2}}{n_{1}}+\\frac{s_{2}^{2}}{n_{2}}\\right)^{2}}{\\frac{1}{n_{1}-1}\\left(\\frac{s_{1}^{2}}{n_{1}}\\right)^{2}+\\frac{1}{n_{2}-1}\\left(\\frac{s_{2}^{2}}{n_{2}}\\right)^{2}}\n", "$$\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Besides that, rest of procedures are the same." ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 15, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Degree of freedom: 185\n", "t-statistic: 2.6408\n", "Confidence interval of the difference of the population means is (0.87, 6.03).\n" ] } ], "source": [ "male_sample_variance = np.var(male_sample, ddof=1)\n", "female_sample_variance = np.var(female_sample, ddof=1)\n", "\n", "standard_error_unknown = np.sqrt(\n", " male_sample_variance / 100 + female_sample_variance / 100\n", ")\n", "df = standard_error_unknown**4 / (\n", " 1 / 99 * (male_sample_variance / 100) ** 2\n", " + 1 / 99 * (female_sample_variance / 100) ** 2\n", ")\n", "\n", "LCL = (\n", " male_sample_mean\n", " - female_sample_mean\n", " - sp.stats.t.ppf(0.975, df=df) * standard_error_unknown\n", ")\n", "UCL = (\n", " male_sample_mean\n", " - female_sample_mean\n", " + sp.stats.t.ppf(0.975, df=df) * standard_error_unknown\n", ")\n", "\n", "print(\"Degree of freedom: {:.0f}\".format(df))\n", "print(\n", " \"t-statistic: {:.4f}\".format(\n", " ((male_sample_mean - female_sample_mean) - 0) / standard_error_unknown\n", " )\n", ")\n", "print(\n", " \"Confidence interval of the difference of the population means is ({:.2f}, {:.2f}).\".format(\n", " LCL, UCL\n", " )\n", ")" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# <font face=\"gotham\" color=\"purple\"> Inference About Difference Between Two Population Proportions</font>" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "This is one of most widely used inference technique in business field. We will introduce it by walking through an example. " ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## <font face=\"gotham\" color=\"purple\"> Do Banks Discriminate Against Women Clients?</font>" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "A market research company just surveyed $3139$ business owners, of whom $649$ are female. $59$ women were turned down when applying for a business loan, in contrast $128$ men were turned down.\n", "\n", "What we would like to know is if banks have possible gender bias?" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "The sample proportions of loan rejections are\n", "$$\n", "\\hat{p}_1=\\frac{59}{649}=9.0\\%\\\\\n", "\\hat{p}_2=\\frac{128}{2490}=5.1\\%\n", "$$" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "where $\\hat{p}_1$ and $\\hat{p}_2$ are rejection proportion of women and men respectively.\n", "\n", "You certainly can stop here and report these numbers with a conclusion that women clients are indeed discriminated. But we can also take a more scientific attitude, to minimise the possibility of a fluke. Therefore we continue the hypothesis testing." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Hypotheses specified as\n", "$$\n", "H_0: p_1 - p_2=0\\\\\n", "H_1: p_1 - p_2>0\n", "$$\n", "If we know $p_1$ and $p_2$, the standard error of sample distribution of $\\hat{p}_1-\\hat{p}_2$ is \n", "$$\n", "\\sigma_{\\hat{p}_1-\\hat{p}_2}=\\sqrt{\\frac{p_1(1-p_1)}{n_1}+\\frac{p_2(1-p_2)}{n_2}}\n", "$$\n", "Unfortunately, we know nothing about them. However null hypothesis $p_1=p_2$ allows us to formulate a **pooled proportion estimate**,\n", "$$\n", "\\hat{p}=\\frac{x_1+x_2}{n_1+n_1}\n", "$$\n", "The standard error becomes\n", "$$\n", "\\sigma_{\\hat{p}_1-\\hat{p}_2}=\\sqrt{\\hat{p}(1-\\hat{p})\\bigg(\\frac{1}{n_1}+\\frac{1}{n_2}\\bigg)}\n", "$$" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Pooled proportion estimates is" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 16, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "p_hat = (59 + 128) / (649 + 2490)\n", "sigma = np.sqrt(p_hat * (1 - p_hat) * (1 / 649 + 1 / 2490))" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Value of test statistic is" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "$$\n", "z=\\frac{\\hat{p}_1-\\hat{p}_2}{\\sqrt{\\hat{p}(1-\\hat{p})\\bigg(\\frac{1}{n_1}+\\frac{1}{n_2}\\bigg)}}\n", "$$" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 17, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Test statistic of z is 3.7386.\n" ] } ], "source": [ "z = (0.09 - 0.051) / sigma\n", "print(\"Test statistic of z is {:.4f}.\".format(z))" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Without checking the critical value, we could safely conclude a fail to null hypothesis after seeing a test statistic great than $3$." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# <font face=\"gotham\" color=\"purple\"> Inference About A Population Variance</font>" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Previously we have seen the pointer estimator of $\\sigma^2$ is \n", "$$\n", "s^2=\\frac{\\Sigma\\left(x_{i}-\\bar{x}\\right)^{2}}{n-1}\n", "$$\n", "However because of a square, it doesn't have the familiar normal or $t$-statistic. The test statistic of $\\sigma^2$ has a $\\chi^2$ distribution\n", "$$\n", "\\chi^2=\\frac{(n-1) s^{2}}{\\sigma^{2}_0}\n", "$$\n", "with $\\nu =n-1$ degree of freedom. With some algebraic manipulation, the confidence interval estimator of $95\\%$ confidence level is\n", "$$\n", "\\frac{(n-1) s^{2}}{\\chi_{.025}^{2}} \\leq \\sigma^{2} \\leq \\frac{(n-1) s^{2}}{\\chi_{.975}^{2}}\n", "$$\n", "where $\\chi^2_{0.025}$\n", "To use our generated population height data, let's assume we want to know if variance of female height is less than $50$, hypotheses are\n", "$$\n", "H_0: \\sigma^2 \\geq 50\\\\\n", "H_1: \\sigma^2 <50\n", "$$" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 18, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Female sample variance: 62.73551874633837\n", "Chi-square statistic: 125.47103749267676.\n", "p-value: 0.9626315704731796.\n", "Confidence interval: (48.36, 84.66)\n" ] } ], "source": [ "chi_square_statistic = len(female_sample) * female_sample_variance / 50\n", "df = len(female_sample) - 1\n", "LCL = df * female_sample_variance / sp.stats.chi2.ppf(0.975, df=df)\n", "UCL = df * female_sample_variance / sp.stats.chi2.ppf(0.025, df=df)\n", "print(\"Female sample variance: {}\".format(female_sample_variance))\n", "print(\"Chi-square statistic: {}.\".format(chi_square_statistic))\n", "print(\"p-value: {}.\".format(sp.stats.chi2.cdf(chi_square_statistic, df=df)))\n", "print(\"Confidence interval: ({:.2f}, {:.2f})\".format(LCL, UCL))" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Hypothesis test states that we don't have evidence to reject null hypothesis." ] } ], "metadata": { "kernelspec": { "display_name": "Python 3", "language": "python", "name": "python3" }, "language_info": { "codemirror_mode": { "name": "ipython", "version": 3 }, "file_extension": ".py", "mimetype": "text/x-python", "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "version": "3.8.8" }, "toc": { "base_numbering": 1, "nav_menu": {}, "number_sections": true, "sideBar": true, "skip_h1_title": false, "title_cell": "Table of Contents", "title_sidebar": "Contents", "toc_cell": false, "toc_position": {}, "toc_section_display": true, "toc_window_display": false } }, "nbformat": 4, "nbformat_minor": 4 }