Comparison Log
2026-02-01 09:39:01.707742
mwtab Python Library Version: 2.0.0
Source:      https://www.metabolomicsworkbench.org/rest/study/analysis_id/AN007616/mwtab/...
Study ID:    ST004534
Analysis ID: AN007616
Status:      Inconsistent

Sections "PROJECT" contain missmatched items: {'PROJECT_SUMMARY': ['The question of how a living cell functions—specifically, how it regulates and adapts to stress—has intrigued scientists for many years. While the established concept of bacterial regulation centers on genomic and transcriptomic levels, this framework cannot fully explain stress responses in mycoplasmas, which are widely regarded as a model of a minimal cell. In this study, we have demonstrated that the key mechanism of stress response in a minimal cell is the reduction of cellular volume through the release of the attachment organelle ("tip") in the form of vesicles. This process leads to a metabolic reorganization within the cell and an accumulation of ATP. Metabolic adaptation is achieved by altering the stoichiometric ratio of glycolytic proteins and modulating the local concentration of metabolites, both of which affect the rate of glycolysis. On the other hand, the vesicles themselves—which carry VlhA, lipoproteins, adhesins, hydrogen-peroxide-secreting factors, and possess peptidase activity—can actively participate in the infectious process. The obtained results will advance not only our understanding of mycoplasma pathogenesis but also the comprehension of minimal cell organization, which is crucial for creating its synthetic counterpart.', 'The question of how a living cell functions—specifically, how it regulates and adapts to stress—has intrigued scientists for many years. While the established concept of bacterial regulation centers on genomic and transcriptomic levels, this framework cannot fully explain stress responses in mycoplasmas, which are widely regarded as a model of a minimal cell. In this study, we have demonstrated that the key mechanism of stress response in a minimal cell is the reduction of cellular volume through the release of the attachment organelle (tip) in the form of vesicles. This process leads to a metabolic reorganization within the cell and an accumulation of ATP. Metabolic adaptation is achieved by altering the stoichiometric ratio of glycolytic proteins and modulating the local concentration of metabolites, both of which affect the rate of glycolysis. On the other hand, the vesicles themselves—which carry VlhA, lipoproteins, adhesins, hydrogen-peroxide-secreting factors, and possess peptidase activity—can actively participate in the infectious process. The obtained results will advance not only our understanding of mycoplasma pathogenesis but also the comprehension of minimal cell organization, which is crucial for creating its synthetic counterpart.']}
Sections "STUDY" contain missmatched items: {'STUDY_SUMMARY': ["A lipidomic study aimed to investigate the effect of stress conditions on the lipid composition of Mycoplasma gallisepticum cells and vesicles. Lipids from 50 mL. M. gallisepticum culture were isolated using the Bligh and Dyer method. Dried samples were thoroughly re-suspended in 10 microliters of 7.5 mM ammonium acetate in chloroform/methanol/propanol (1:2:4, V:V:V), and the protein-normalized volume of re-suspended sample was adjusted to 500 µL by same solution for direct infusion in Exploris 480 mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific) equipped with a Thermo Scientific OptaMax NG ion source. Mycoplasma gallisepticum decrease cell size under stress, and alterations in the membrane lipid composition enhance vesicle formation and cell rigidity. Analysis of the lipid composition of M. gallisepticum cells revealed that the mycoplasma membrane becomes enriched with ceramides (Cer), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), lysophosphatidylglycerol, diacylglycerol, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, cardiolipin and cholesterol following stress (hypoosmotic and heat shock). In addition to Cer, all of the above-mentioned lipids contain unsaturated fatty acids. One of the primary effects of Cer is to increase the molecular order of phospholipid mixtures and promote membrane fusion and budding. Ceramides achieve this by increasing the number of acyl chains in the lipid bilayer, thereby elevating membrane viscosity—a phenomenon we observed in our EPR experiments. PE is a lipid with a small polar head and a conical shape, enabling it to pack tightly with neighboring lipids. This tight packing reduces membrane fluidity and increases rigidity. Furthermore, the conical shape of PE induces mechanical stress in the bilayer, promoting spontaneous membrane curvature, which is critical for vesicle formation. The post-stress increase in diacylglycerol, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and cardiolipin also contributes to this process. The accumulation of these lipids generates mechanical stress and promotes negative curvature, further facilitating vesicle formation. In cells subjected to heat shock, we also observed an increased amount of lysophosphatidylglycerol. This lipid also has a conical shape that promotes membrane curvature, a property essential for vesicle formation and shedding. The cholesterol content in the M. gallisepticum membrane also increases after stress. This increase contributes to greater membrane rigidity and stability, which is important for the cell's adaptation and survival under changing conditions.", "A lipidomic study aimed to investigate the effect of stress conditions on the lipid composition of Mycoplasma gallisepticum cells and vesicles. Lipids from 50 mL. M. gallisepticum culture were isolated using the Bligh and Dyer method. Dried samples were thoroughly re-suspended in 10 microliters of 7.5 mM ammonium acetate in chloroform/methanol/propanol (1:2:4, V:V:V), and the protein-normalized volume of re-suspended sample was adjusted to 500 µL by same solution for direct infusion in Exploris 480 mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific) equipped with a Thermo Scientific OptaMax NG ion source. Mycoplasma gallisepticum decrease cell size under stress, and alterations in the membrane lipid composition enhance vesicle formation and cell rigidity. Analysis of the lipid composition of M. gallisepticum cells revealed that the mycoplasma membrane becomes enriched with ceramides (Cer), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), lysophosphatidylglycerol, diacylglycerol, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, cardiolipin and cholesterol following stress (hypoosmotic and heat shock). In addition to Cer, all of the above-mentioned lipids contain unsaturated fatty acids. One of the primary effects of Cer is to increase the molecular order of phospholipid mixtures and promote membrane fusion and budding. Ceramides achieve this by increasing the number of acyl chains in the lipid bilayer, thereby elevating membrane viscosity—a phenomenon we observed in our EPR experiments. PE is a lipid with a small polar head and a conical shape, enabling it to pack tightly with neighboring lipids. This tight packing reduces membrane fluidity and increases rigidity. Furthermore, the conical shape of PE induces mechanical stress in the bilayer, promoting spontaneous membrane curvature, which is critical for vesicle formation. The post-stress increase in diacylglycerol, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and cardiolipin also contributes to this process. The accumulation of these lipids generates mechanical stress and promotes negative curvature, further facilitating vesicle formation. In cells subjected to heat shock, we also observed an increased amount of lysophosphatidylglycerol. This lipid also has a conical shape that promotes membrane curvature, a property essential for vesicle formation and shedding. The cholesterol content in the M. gallisepticum membrane also increases after stress. This increase contributes to greater membrane rigidity and stability, which is important for the cell''s adaptation and survival under changing conditions."]}
mwTab files contain different 'SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS' sections.