---
description: "Core concepts and terminology for NeMo Curator across text, image, video, and audio data curation modalities"
categories: ["concepts-architecture"]
tags: ["concepts", "fundamentals", "multimodal", "architecture"]
personas: ["data-scientist-focused", "mle-focused"]
difficulty: "beginner"
content_type: "concept"
modality: "universal"
---

# Concepts

Learn about the core components and concepts introduced by NeMo Curator.

## Modality Concepts

Learn about working with specific modalities using NeMo Curator.

<Cards>

<Card title="Text Curation Concepts" href="/about/concepts/text">

Learn about text data curation, covering data loading and processing (filtering, classification, deduplication).
</Card>

<Card title="Image Curation Concepts" href="/about/concepts/image">

Explore key concepts for image data curation, including scalable loading, processing (embedding, classification, filtering), and dataset export.
</Card>

<Card title="Video Curation Concepts" href="/about/concepts/video">

Discover video data curation concepts, such as distributed processing, pipeline stages, execution modes, and efficient data flow.
</Card>

<Card title="Audio Curation Concepts" href="/about/concepts/audio">

Learn about speech data curation, ASR inference, quality assessment, and audio-text integration workflows.
</Card>
</Cards>

## Universal Concepts

Core concepts that apply across all modalities in NeMo Curator.

<Cards>

<Card title="Deduplication" href="/about/concepts/deduplication">

Comprehensive overview of deduplication techniques across text, image, and video modalities including exact, fuzzy, and semantic approaches.
</Card>

<Card title="Resource Allocation" href="/about/concepts/scaling/resource-allocation">

How NeMo Curator allocates CPUs, GPUs, and memory across pipeline stages for optimal hardware utilization.
</Card>

<Card title="Streaming" href="/about/concepts/scaling/streaming">

How streaming execution processes data in batches for constant memory usage and higher GPU utilization.
</Card>

<Card title="Auto-Balancing" href="/about/concepts/scaling/auto-balancing">

How the executor automatically balances resources across pipeline stages to eliminate bottlenecks.
</Card>

<Card title="Throughput" href="/about/concepts/scaling/throughput">

Scale from a single GPU to multi-node clusters with near-linear scaling.
</Card>

</Cards>
