---
name: streamlit-snowflake
description: |
  Build and deploy Streamlit apps natively in Snowflake. Covers snowflake.yml scaffolding, Snowpark sessions, multi-page structure, Marketplace publishing as Native Apps, and caller's rights connections (v1.53.0+).

  Use when building data apps on Snowflake, deploying SiS, fixing package channel errors, authentication issues, cache key bugs, or path resolution errors.
user-invocable: true
license: MIT
metadata:
  last_verified: 2026-01-21
  streamlit_version: 1.53.0
  errors_prevented: 14
---

# Streamlit in Snowflake Skill

Build and deploy Streamlit apps natively within Snowflake, including Marketplace publishing as Native Apps.

## Quick Start

### 1. Initialize Project

Copy the templates to your project:

```bash
# Create project directory
mkdir my-streamlit-app && cd my-streamlit-app

# Copy templates (Claude will provide these)
```

### 2. Configure snowflake.yml

Update placeholders in `snowflake.yml`:

```yaml
definition_version: 2
entities:
  my_app:
    type: streamlit
    identifier: my_streamlit_app        # ← Your app name
    stage: my_app_stage                 # ← Your stage name
    query_warehouse: my_warehouse       # ← Your warehouse
    main_file: streamlit_app.py
    pages_dir: pages/
    artifacts:
      - common/
      - environment.yml
```

### 3. Deploy

```bash
# Deploy to Snowflake
snow streamlit deploy --replace

# Open in browser
snow streamlit deploy --replace --open
```

## When to Use This Skill

**Use when:**
- Building data apps that run natively in Snowflake
- Need Snowpark integration for data access
- Publishing apps to Snowflake Marketplace
- Setting up CI/CD for Streamlit in Snowflake

**Don't use when:**
- Hosting Streamlit externally (use Streamlit Community Cloud)
- Building general Snowpark pipelines (use a Snowpark-specific skill)
- Need custom Streamlit components (not supported in SiS)

## Runtime Environments

Snowflake offers **two runtime options** for Streamlit apps:

### Warehouse Runtime (Default)

- Creates a **personal instance** for each viewer
- Uses `environment.yml` with Snowflake Anaconda Channel
- Python 3.9, 3.10, or 3.11
- Streamlit 1.22.0 - 1.35.0
- Best for: Sporadic usage, isolated sessions

### Container Runtime (Preview)

- Creates a **shared instance** for all viewers
- Uses `requirements.txt` or `pyproject.toml` with **PyPI packages**
- Python 3.11 only
- Streamlit 1.49+
- **Significantly lower cost** (~$2.88/day vs ~$48/day for equivalent compute)
- Best for: Frequent usage, cost optimization

**Container Runtime Configuration:**

```sql
CREATE STREAMLIT my_app
  FROM '@my_stage/app_folder'
  MAIN_FILE = 'streamlit_app.py'
  RUNTIME_NAME = 'SYSTEM$ST_CONTAINER_RUNTIME_PY3_11'
  COMPUTE_POOL = my_compute_pool
  QUERY_WAREHOUSE = my_warehouse;
```

**Key difference:** Container runtime allows **external PyPI packages** - not limited to Snowflake Anaconda Channel.

See: [Runtime Environments](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/streamlit/app-development/runtime-environments)

## Security Model

Streamlit apps support **two privilege models**:

### Owner's Rights (Default)

- Apps execute with the **owner's privileges**, not the viewer's
- Apps use the warehouse provisioned by the owner
- Viewers can interact with data using all owner role privileges

**Security implications:**
- Exercise caution when granting write privileges to app roles
- Use dedicated roles for app creation/viewing
- Viewers can access any data the owner role can access
- Best for: Internal tools with trusted users

### Caller's Rights (v1.53.0+)

- Apps execute with the **viewer's privileges**
- Each viewer sees only data they have permission to access
- Provides data isolation in multi-tenant scenarios

**Use caller's rights when:**
- Building public or external-facing apps
- Need per-user data access control
- Multi-tenant applications requiring data isolation

See [Caller's Rights Connection](#callers-rights-connection-v1530) pattern below.

## Project Structure

```
my-streamlit-app/
├── snowflake.yml           # Project definition (required)
├── environment.yml         # Package dependencies (required)
├── streamlit_app.py        # Main entry point
├── pages/                  # Multi-page apps
│   └── data_explorer.py
├── common/                 # Shared utilities
│   └── utils.py
└── .gitignore
```

## Key Patterns

### Snowpark Session Connection

```python
import streamlit as st

# Get Snowpark session (native SiS connection)
conn = st.connection("snowflake")
session = conn.session()

# Query data
df = session.sql("SELECT * FROM my_table LIMIT 100").to_pandas()
st.dataframe(df)
```

### Caller's Rights Connection (v1.53.0+)

Execute queries with viewer's privileges instead of owner's privileges:

```python
import streamlit as st

# Use caller's rights for data isolation
conn = st.connection("snowflake", type="callers_rights")

# Each viewer sees only data they have permission to access
df = conn.query("SELECT * FROM sensitive_customer_data")
st.dataframe(df)
```

**Security comparison:**

| Connection Type | Privilege Model | Use Case |
|-----------------|-----------------|----------|
| `type="snowflake"` (default) | Owner's rights | Internal tools, trusted users |
| `type="callers_rights"` (v1.53.0+) | Caller's rights | Public apps, data isolation |

**Source**: [Streamlit v1.53.0 Release](https://github.com/streamlit/streamlit/releases/tag/1.53.0)

### Caching Expensive Queries

```python
@st.cache_data(ttl=600)  # Cache for 10 minutes
def load_data(query: str):
    conn = st.connection("snowflake")
    return conn.session().sql(query).to_pandas()

# Use cached function
df = load_data("SELECT * FROM large_table")
```

**Warning**: In Streamlit v1.22.0-1.53.0, `params` argument is not included in cache key. Use `ttl=0` to disable caching when using parametrized queries, or upgrade to 1.54.0+ when available ([Issue #13644](https://github.com/streamlit/streamlit/issues/13644)).

### Optimizing Snowpark DataFrame Performance

When using Snowpark DataFrames with charts or tables, select only required columns to avoid fetching unnecessary data:

```python
# ❌ Fetches all 50 columns even though chart only needs 2
df = session.table("wide_table")  # 50 columns
st.line_chart(df, x="date", y="value")

# ✅ Fetch only needed columns for better performance
df = session.table("wide_table").select("date", "value")
st.line_chart(df, x="date", y="value")
# 5-10x faster for wide tables
```

**Why it matters**: `st.dataframe()` and chart components call `df.to_pandas()` which evaluates ALL columns, even if the visualization only needs some. Pre-selecting columns reduces data transfer and improves performance ([Issue #11701](https://github.com/streamlit/streamlit/issues/11701)).

### Environment Configuration

**environment.yml** (required format):

```yaml
name: sf_env
channels:
  - snowflake          # REQUIRED - only supported channel
dependencies:
  - streamlit=1.35.0   # Explicit version (default is old 1.22.0)
  - pandas
  - plotly
  - altair=4.0         # Version 4.0 supported in SiS
  - snowflake-snowpark-python
```

## Error Prevention

This skill prevents **14 documented errors**:

| Error | Cause | Prevention |
|-------|-------|------------|
| `PackageNotFoundError` | Using conda-forge or external channel | Use `channels: - snowflake` (or Container Runtime for PyPI) |
| Missing Streamlit features | Default version 1.22.0 | Explicitly set `streamlit=1.35.0` (or use Container Runtime for 1.49+) |
| `ROOT_LOCATION deprecated` | Old CLI syntax | Use Snowflake CLI 3.14.0+ with `FROM source_location` |
| Auth failures (2026+) | Password-only authentication | Use key-pair or OAuth (see references/authentication.md) |
| File upload fails | File >200MB | Keep uploads under 200MB limit |
| DataFrame display fails | Data >32MB | Paginate or limit data before display |
| `page_title not supported` | SiS limitation | Don't use `page_title`, `page_icon`, or `menu_items` in `st.set_page_config()` |
| Custom component error | SiS limitation | Only components without external service calls work |
| `_snowflake module not found` | Container Runtime migration | Use `from snowflake.snowpark.context import get_active_session` instead of `from _snowflake import get_active_session` ([Migration Guide](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/streamlit/migrations-and-upgrades/runtime-migration)) |
| Cached query returns wrong data with different params | `params` not in cache key (v1.22.0-1.53.0) | Use `ttl=0` to disable caching for parametrized queries, or upgrade to 1.54.0+ when available ([Issue #13644](https://github.com/streamlit/streamlit/issues/13644)) |
| `Invalid connection_name 'default'` with kwargs only | Missing secrets.toml or connections.toml | Create minimal `.streamlit/secrets.toml` with `[connections.snowflake]` section ([Issue #9016](https://github.com/streamlit/streamlit/issues/9016)) |
| Native App upgrades unexpectedly | Implicit default Streamlit version (BCR-1857) | Explicitly set `streamlit=1.35.0` in environment.yml to prevent automatic version changes ([BCR-1857](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/release-notes/bcr-bundles/2025_01/bcr-1857)) |
| File paths fail in Container Runtime subdirectories | Some commands use entrypoint-relative paths | Use `pathlib` to resolve absolute paths: `Path(__file__).parent / "assets/logo.png"` ([Runtime Docs](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/streamlit/app-development/runtime-environments)) |
| Slow performance with wide Snowpark DataFrames | `st.dataframe()` fetches all columns even if unused | Pre-select only needed columns: `df.select("col1", "col2")` before passing to Streamlit ([Issue #11701](https://github.com/streamlit/streamlit/issues/11701)) |

## Deployment Commands

### Basic Deployment

```bash
# Deploy and replace existing
snow streamlit deploy --replace

# Deploy and open in browser
snow streamlit deploy --replace --open

# Deploy specific entity (if multiple in snowflake.yml)
snow streamlit deploy my_app --replace
```

### CI/CD Deployment

See `references/ci-cd.md` for GitHub Actions workflow template.

## Marketplace Publishing (Native App)

To publish your Streamlit app to Snowflake Marketplace:

1. **Convert to Native App** - Use `templates-native-app/` templates
2. **Create Provider Profile** - Required for Marketplace listings
3. **Submit for Approval** - Snowflake reviews before publishing

See `templates-native-app/README.md` for complete workflow.

### Native App Structure

```
my-native-app/
├── manifest.yml            # Native App manifest
├── setup.sql               # Installation script
├── streamlit/
│   ├── environment.yml
│   ├── streamlit_app.py
│   └── pages/
└── README.md
```

## Package Availability

Only packages from the **Snowflake Anaconda Channel** are available:

```sql
-- Query available packages
SELECT * FROM information_schema.packages
WHERE language = 'python'
ORDER BY package_name;

-- Search for specific package
SELECT * FROM information_schema.packages
WHERE language = 'python'
AND package_name ILIKE '%plotly%';
```

**Common available packages:**
- pandas, numpy, scipy
- plotly, altair (4.0), matplotlib
- scikit-learn, xgboost
- snowflake-snowpark-python
- streamlit (1.22.0 default, 1.35.0 with explicit version)

**Not available:**
- Packages from conda-forge
- Custom/private packages
- Packages requiring native compilation

See: [Snowpark Python Packages Explorer](https://snowpark-python-packages.streamlit.app/)

## Known Limitations

### Data & Size Limits
- **32 MB message size** between backend/frontend (affects large `st.dataframe`)
- **200 MB file upload limit** via `st.file_uploader`
- **No `.so` files** - Native compiled libraries unsupported
- **No external stages** - Internal stages only (client-side encryption)

### UI Restrictions
- **`st.set_page_config`** - `page_title`, `page_icon`, `menu_items` not supported
- **`st.bokeh_chart`** - Not supported
- **Custom Streamlit components** - Only components without external service calls
- **Content Security Policy** - Blocks external scripts, styles, fonts, iframes
- **`eval()` blocked** - CSP prevents unsafe JavaScript execution

### Caching (Warehouse Runtime)
- **Session-scoped only** - `st.cache_data` and `st.cache_resource` don't persist across users
- Container runtime has full caching support across viewers

### Package Restrictions (Warehouse Runtime)
- **Snowflake Anaconda Channel only** - No conda-forge, no pip
- Container runtime allows PyPI packages

### Network & Access
- **No Azure Private Link / GCP Private Service Connect**
- **No replication** of Streamlit objects

## Authentication (Important - 2026 Deadline)

Password-only authentication is being deprecated:

| Milestone | Date | Requirement |
|-----------|------|-------------|
| Milestone 1 | Sept 2025 - Jan 2026 | MFA required for Snowsight users |
| Milestone 2 | May - July 2026 | All new users must use MFA |
| Milestone 3 | Aug - Oct 2026 | All users must use MFA or key-pair/OAuth |

**Recommended authentication methods:**
- Key-pair authentication (for service accounts)
- OAuth client credentials (for M2M)
- Workload Identity Federation (for cloud-native apps)

See `references/authentication.md` for implementation patterns.

## Resources

### Official Documentation
- [Streamlit in Snowflake](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/streamlit/about-streamlit)
- [Snowflake CLI Streamlit Commands](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/snowflake-cli/command-reference/streamlit-commands/overview)
- [Native Apps with Streamlit](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/native-apps/adding-streamlit)
- [Marketplace Publishing](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/developer-guide/native-apps/publish-guidelines)

### Examples
- [snowflake-demo-streamlit](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/snowflake-demo-streamlit)
- [native-apps-templates](https://github.com/snowflakedb/native-apps-templates)
- [GitLab's Streamlit Framework](https://about.gitlab.com/blog/how-we-built-a-structured-streamlit-application-framework-in-snowflake/)

### Tools
- [Snowpark Python Packages Explorer](https://snowpark-python-packages.streamlit.app/)
- [Snowflake MCP Server](https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/mcp) (for Claude integration)