--- name: x-article-publisher description: Publish Markdown articles to X (Twitter) Articles editor with proper formatting. Use when user wants to publish a Markdown file/URL to X Articles, or mentions "publish to X", "post article to Twitter", "X article", or wants help with X Premium article publishing. Handles cover image upload and converts Markdown to rich text automatically. --- # X Article Publisher Publish Markdown content to X (Twitter) Articles editor, preserving formatting with rich text conversion. ## Prerequisites - Playwright MCP for browser automation - User logged into X with Premium Plus subscription - Python 3.9+ with dependencies: `pip install Pillow pyobjc-framework-Cocoa` ## Scripts Located in `~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/`: ### parse_markdown.py Parse Markdown and extract structured data: ```bash python parse_markdown.py [--output json|html] [--html-only] ``` Returns JSON with: title, cover_image, content_images (with block_index for positioning), html, total_blocks ### copy_to_clipboard.py Copy image or HTML to system clipboard: ```bash # Copy image (with optional compression) python copy_to_clipboard.py image /path/to/image.jpg [--quality 80] # Copy HTML for rich text paste python copy_to_clipboard.py html --file /path/to/content.html ``` ## Workflow **Strategy: "先文后图" (Text First, Images Later)** For articles with multiple images, paste ALL text content first, then insert images at correct positions using block index. 1. Parse Markdown with Python script → get title, images with block_index, HTML 2. Navigate to X Articles editor 3. Upload cover image (first image) 4. Fill title 5. Copy HTML to clipboard (Python) → Paste with Cmd+V 6. Insert content images at positions specified by block_index 7. Save as draft (NEVER auto-publish) ## 高效执行原则 (Efficiency Guidelines) **目标**: 最小化操作之间的等待时间,实现流畅的自动化体验。 ### 1. 避免不必要的 browser_snapshot 大多数浏览器操作(click, type, press_key 等)都会在返回结果中包含页面状态。**不要**在每次操作后单独调用 `browser_snapshot`,直接使用操作返回的页面状态即可。 ``` ❌ 错误做法: browser_click → browser_snapshot → 分析 → browser_click → browser_snapshot → ... ✅ 正确做法: browser_click → 从返回结果中获取页面状态 → browser_click → ... ``` ### 2. 避免不必要的 browser_wait_for 只在以下情况使用 `browser_wait_for`: - 等待图片上传完成(`textGone="正在上传媒体"`) - 等待页面初始加载(极少数情况) **不要**使用 `browser_wait_for` 来等待按钮或输入框出现 - 它们在页面加载完成后立即可用。 ### 3. 并行执行独立操作 当两个操作没有依赖关系时,可以在同一个消息中并行调用多个工具: ``` ✅ 可以并行: - 填写标题 (browser_type) + 复制HTML到剪贴板 (Bash) - 解析Markdown生成JSON + 生成HTML文件 ❌ 不能并行(有依赖): - 必须先点击create才能上传封面图 - 必须先粘贴内容才能插入图片 ``` ### 4. 连续执行浏览器操作 每个浏览器操作返回的页面状态包含所有需要的元素引用。直接使用这些引用进行下一步操作: ``` # 理想流程(每步直接执行,不额外等待): browser_navigate → 从返回状态找create按钮 → browser_click(create) → 从返回状态找上传按钮 → browser_click(上传) → browser_file_upload → 从返回状态找应用按钮 → browser_click(应用) → 从返回状态找标题框 → browser_type(标题) → 点击编辑器 → browser_press_key(Meta+v) → ... ``` ### 5. 准备工作前置 在开始浏览器操作之前,先完成所有准备工作: 1. 解析 Markdown 获取 JSON 数据 2. 生成 HTML 文件到 /tmp/ 3. 记录 title、cover_image、content_images 等信息 这样浏览器操作阶段可以连续执行,不需要中途停下来处理数据。 ## Step 1: Parse Markdown (Python) Use `parse_markdown.py` to extract all structured data: ```bash python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/parse_markdown.py /path/to/article.md ``` Output JSON: ```json { "title": "Article Title", "cover_image": "/path/to/first-image.jpg", "content_images": [ {"path": "/path/to/img2.jpg", "block_index": 5, "after_text": "context for debugging..."}, {"path": "/path/to/img3.jpg", "block_index": 12, "after_text": "another context..."} ], "html": "

Content...

Section

...", "total_blocks": 45 } ``` **Key fields:** - `block_index`: The image should be inserted AFTER block element at this index (0-indexed) - `total_blocks`: Total number of block elements in the HTML - `after_text`: Kept for reference/debugging only, NOT for positioning Save HTML to temp file for clipboard: ```bash python parse_markdown.py article.md --html-only > /tmp/article_html.html ``` ## Step 2: Open X Articles Editor ``` browser_navigate: https://x.com/compose/articles ``` **重要**: 页面加载后会显示草稿列表,不是编辑器。需要: 1. **等待页面加载完成**: 使用 `browser_snapshot` 检查页面状态 2. **立即点击 "create" 按钮**: 不要等待 "添加标题" 等编辑器元素,它们只有点击 create 后才出现 3. **等待编辑器加载**: 点击 create 后,等待编辑器元素出现 ``` # 1. 导航到页面 browser_navigate: https://x.com/compose/articles # 2. 获取页面快照,找到 create 按钮 browser_snapshot # 3. 点击 create 按钮(通常 ref 类似 "create" 或带有 create 标签) browser_click: element="create button", ref= # 4. 现在编辑器应该打开了,可以继续上传封面图等操作 ``` **注意**: 不要使用 `browser_wait_for text="添加标题"` 来等待页面加载,因为这个文本只有在点击 create 后才出现,会导致超时。 If login needed, prompt user to log in manually. ## Step 3: Upload Cover Image 1. Click "添加照片或视频" button 2. Use browser_file_upload with the cover image path (from JSON output) 3. Verify image uploaded ## Step 4: Fill Title - Find textbox with "添加标题" placeholder - Use browser_type to input title (from JSON output) ## Step 5: Paste Text Content (Python Clipboard) Copy HTML to system clipboard using Python, then paste: ```bash # Copy HTML to clipboard python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/copy_to_clipboard.py html --file /tmp/article_html.html ``` Then in browser: ``` browser_click on editor textbox browser_press_key: Meta+v ``` This preserves all rich text formatting (H2, bold, links, lists). ## Step 6: Insert Content Images (Block Index Positioning) **关键改进**: 使用 `block_index` 精确定位,而非依赖文字匹配。 ### 定位原理 粘贴 HTML 后,编辑器中的内容结构为一系列块元素(段落、标题、引用等)。每张图片的 `block_index` 表示它应该插入在第 N 个块元素之后。 ### 操作步骤 1. **获取所有块元素**: 使用 browser_snapshot 获取编辑器内容,找到 textbox 下的所有子元素 2. **按索引定位**: 根据 `block_index` 点击对应的块元素 3. **粘贴图片**: 复制图片到剪贴板后粘贴 For each content image (from `content_images` array): ```bash # 1. Copy image to clipboard (with compression) python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/copy_to_clipboard.py image /path/to/img.jpg --quality 85 ``` ``` # 2. Click the block element at block_index # Example: if block_index=5, click the 6th block element (0-indexed) browser_click on the element at position block_index in the editor # 3. Paste image browser_press_key: Meta+v # 4. Wait for upload (use short time, returns immediately when done) browser_wait_for textGone="正在上传媒体" time=2 ``` ### 定位策略 在 browser_snapshot 返回的结构中,编辑器内容通常是: ```yaml textbox [ref=xxx]: generic [ref=block0]: # block_index 0 - paragraph content heading [ref=block1]: # block_index 1 - h2 content generic [ref=block2]: # block_index 2 - paragraph content ... ``` 要在 `block_index=5` 后插入图片: 1. 找到编辑器 textbox 下的第 6 个子元素(索引从0开始) 2. 点击该元素 3. 粘贴图片 **注意**: 每插入一张图片后,后续图片的实际位置会偏移。建议按 `block_index` **从大到小**的顺序插入图片,这样先插入的图片不会影响后续图片的索引。 ### 反向插入示例 如果有3张图片,block_index 分别为 5, 12, 27: 1. 先插入 block_index=27 的图片 2. 再插入 block_index=12 的图片 3. 最后插入 block_index=5 的图片 这样每次插入都不会影响前面已经定位好的位置。 ## Step 7: Save Draft 1. Verify content pasted (check word count indicator) 2. Draft auto-saves, or click Save button if needed 3. Click "预览" to verify formatting 4. Report: "Draft saved. Review and publish manually." ## Critical Rules 1. **NEVER publish** - Only save draft 2. **First image = cover** - Upload first image as cover image 3. **Rich text conversion** - Always convert Markdown to HTML before pasting 4. **Use clipboard API** - Paste via clipboard for proper formatting 5. **Block index positioning** - Use block_index for precise image placement 6. **Reverse order insertion** - Insert images from highest to lowest block_index 7. **H1 title handling** - H1 is used as title only, not included in body ## Supported Formatting - H2 headers (## ) - Blockquotes (> ) - Code blocks (``` ... ```) - converted to blockquotes since X doesn't support `
`
- Bold text (**)
- Hyperlinks ([text](url))
- Ordered lists (1. 2. 3.)
- Unordered lists (- )
- Paragraphs

## Example Flow

User: "Publish /path/to/article.md to X"

```bash
# Step 1: Parse Markdown
python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/parse_markdown.py /path/to/article.md > /tmp/article.json
python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/parse_markdown.py /path/to/article.md --html-only > /tmp/article_html.html
```

2. Navigate to https://x.com/compose/articles
3. Upload cover image (browser_file_upload for cover only)
4. Fill title (from JSON: `title`)
5. Copy & paste HTML:
   ```bash
   python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/copy_to_clipboard.py html --file /tmp/article_html.html
   ```
   Then: browser_press_key Meta+v
6. For each content image, **in reverse order of block_index**:
   ```bash
   python copy_to_clipboard.py image /path/to/img.jpg --quality 85
   ```
   - Click block element at `block_index` position
   - browser_press_key Meta+v
   - Wait until upload complete
7. Verify in preview
8. "Draft saved. Please review and publish manually."

## Best Practices

### 为什么用 block_index 而非文字匹配?

1. **精确定位**: 不依赖文字内容,即使多处文字相似也能正确定位
2. **可靠性**: 索引是确定性的,不会因为文字相似而混淆
3. **调试方便**: `after_text` 仍保留用于人工核验

### 为什么用 Python 而非浏览器内 JavaScript?

1. **本地处理更可靠**: Python 直接操作系统剪贴板,不受浏览器沙盒限制
2. **图片压缩**: 上传前压缩图片 (--quality 85),减少上传时间
3. **代码复用**: 脚本固定不变,无需每次重新编写转换逻辑
4. **调试方便**: 脚本可单独测试,问题易定位

### 等待策略

**关键理解**: `browser_wait_for` 的 `textGone` 参数会在文字消失时**立即返回**,`time` 只是最大等待时间,不是固定等待时间。

- ❌ 保守等待: `time=5` 或 `time=10`,如果上传只需2秒,剩余时间全浪费
- ✅ 短间隔轮询: `time=2`,条件满足立即返回,最多等2秒

```
# 正确用法:短 time 值,条件满足立即返回
browser_wait_for textGone="正在上传媒体" time=2

# 错误用法:固定长时间等待
browser_wait_for time=5  # 无条件等待5秒,浪费时间
```

**原则**: 不要预设"需要等多久",而是设置一个合理的最大值,让条件检测尽快返回。

### 图片插入效率

每张图片的浏览器操作从5步减少到2步:
- 旧: 点击 → 添加媒体 → 媒体 → 添加照片 → file_upload
- 新: 点击段落 → Meta+v

### 封面图 vs 内容图

- **封面图**: 使用 browser_file_upload(因为有专门的上传按钮)
- **内容图**: 使用 Python 剪贴板 + 粘贴(更高效)